4 perltoc - perl documentation table of contents
8 This page provides a brief table of contents for the rest of the Perl
9 documentation set. It is meant to be scanned quickly or grepped
10 through to locate the proper section you're looking for.
12 =head1 BASIC DOCUMENTATION
14 =head2 perl - Practical Extraction and Report Language
40 =head2 perlfaq - frequently asked questions about Perl ($Date: 1999/05/23
49 =item perlfaq: Structural overview of the FAQ.
51 =item L<perlfaq1>: General Questions About Perl
53 =item L<perlfaq2>: Obtaining and Learning about Perl
55 =item L<perlfaq3>: Programming Tools
57 =item L<perlfaq4>: Data Manipulation
59 =item L<perlfaq5>: Files and Formats
61 =item L<perlfaq6>: Regexps
63 =item L<perlfaq7>: General Perl Language Issues
65 =item L<perlfaq8>: System Interaction
67 =item L<perlfaq9>: Networking
71 =item About the perlfaq documents
75 =item Where to get the perlfaq
77 =item How to contribute to the perlfaq
79 =item What will happen if you mail your Perl programming problems to the
86 =item Author and Copyright Information
90 =item Bundled Distributions
98 1/November/2000, 23/May/99, 13/April/99, 7/January/99, 22/June/98,
99 24/April/97, 23/April/97, 25/March/97, 18/March/97, 17/March/97 Version,
100 Initial Release: 11/March/97
104 =head2 perlbook - Perl book information
112 =head2 perlsyn - Perl syntax
122 =item Simple statements
124 =item Compound statements
132 =item Basic BLOCKs and Switch Statements
136 =item PODs: Embedded Documentation
138 =item Plain Old Comments (Not!)
144 =head2 perldata - Perl data types
158 =item Scalar value constructors
160 =item List value constructors
164 =item Typeglobs and Filehandles
172 =head2 perlop - Perl operators and precedence
182 =item Terms and List Operators (Leftward)
184 =item The Arrow Operator
186 =item Auto-increment and Auto-decrement
190 =item Symbolic Unary Operators
192 =item Binding Operators
194 =item Multiplicative Operators
196 =item Additive Operators
198 =item Shift Operators
200 =item Named Unary Operators
202 =item Relational Operators
204 =item Equality Operators
208 =item Bitwise Or and Exclusive Or
210 =item C-style Logical And
212 =item C-style Logical Or
214 =item Range Operators
216 =item Conditional Operator
218 =item Assignment Operators
222 =item List Operators (Rightward)
228 =item Logical or and Exclusive Or
230 =item C Operators Missing From Perl
232 unary &, unary *, (TYPE)
234 =item Quote and Quote-like Operators
236 =item Regexp Quote-Like Operators
238 ?PATTERN?, m/PATTERN/cgimosx, /PATTERN/cgimosx, q/STRING/, C<'STRING'>,
239 qq/STRING/, "STRING", qr/STRING/imosx, qx/STRING/, `STRING`, qw/STRING/,
240 s/PATTERN/REPLACEMENT/egimosx, tr/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds,
241 y/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds
243 =item Gory details of parsing quoted constructs
245 Finding the end, Removal of backslashes before delimiters, Interpolation,
246 C<<<'EOF'>, C<m''>, C<s'''>, C<tr///>, C<y///>, C<''>, C<q//>, C<"">,
247 C<``>, C<qq//>, C<qx//>, C<< <file*glob> >>, C<?RE?>, C</RE/>, C<m/RE/>,
248 C<s/RE/foo/>,, Interpolation of regular expressions, Optimization of
253 =item Constant Folding
255 =item Bitwise String Operators
257 =item Integer Arithmetic
259 =item Floating-point Arithmetic
267 =head2 perlsub - Perl subroutines
277 =item Private Variables via my()
279 =item Persistent Private Variables
281 =item Temporary Values via local()
283 =item Lvalue subroutines
285 =item Passing Symbol Table Entries (typeglobs)
287 =item When to Still Use local()
289 =item Pass by Reference
293 =item Constant Functions
295 =item Overriding Built-in Functions
299 =item Subroutine Attributes
307 =head2 perlfunc - Perl builtin functions
315 =item Perl Functions by Category
317 Functions for SCALARs or strings, Regular expressions and pattern matching,
318 Numeric functions, Functions for real @ARRAYs, Functions for list data,
319 Functions for real %HASHes, Input and output functions, Functions for fixed
320 length data or records, Functions for filehandles, files, or directories,
321 Keywords related to the control flow of your perl program, Keywords related
322 to scoping, Miscellaneous functions, Functions for processes and process
323 groups, Keywords related to perl modules, Keywords related to classes and
324 object-orientedness, Low-level socket functions, System V interprocess
325 communication functions, Fetching user and group info, Fetching network
326 info, Time-related functions, Functions new in perl5, Functions obsoleted
331 =item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions
333 I<-X> FILEHANDLE, I<-X> EXPR, I<-X>, abs VALUE, abs, accept
334 NEWSOCKET,GENERICSOCKET, alarm SECONDS, alarm, atan2 Y,X, bind SOCKET,NAME,
335 binmode FILEHANDLE, DISCIPLINE, binmode FILEHANDLE, bless REF,CLASSNAME,
336 bless REF, caller EXPR, caller, chdir EXPR, chmod LIST, chomp VARIABLE,
337 chomp LIST, chomp, chop VARIABLE, chop LIST, chop, chown LIST, chr NUMBER,
338 chr, chroot FILENAME, chroot, close FILEHANDLE, close, closedir DIRHANDLE,
339 connect SOCKET,NAME, continue BLOCK, cos EXPR, cos, crypt PLAINTEXT,SALT,
340 dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MASK, defined EXPR, defined, delete
341 EXPR, die LIST, do BLOCK, do SUBROUTINE(LIST), do EXPR, dump LABEL, dump,
342 each HASH, eof FILEHANDLE, eof (), eof, eval EXPR, eval BLOCK, exec LIST,
343 exec PROGRAM LIST, exists EXPR, exit EXPR, exp EXPR, exp, fcntl
344 FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, fileno FILEHANDLE, flock FILEHANDLE,OPERATION,
345 fork, format, formline PICTURE,LIST, getc FILEHANDLE, getc, getlogin,
346 getpeername SOCKET, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority WHICH,WHO, getpwnam
347 NAME, getgrnam NAME, gethostbyname NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getprotobyname
348 NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getservbyname NAME,PROTO, gethostbyaddr
349 ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER,
350 getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent, gethostent, getnetent,
351 getprotoent, getservent, setpwent, setgrent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent
352 STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent,
353 endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent, endservent, getsockname SOCKET,
354 getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, glob, gmtime EXPR, goto LABEL,
355 goto EXPR, goto &NAME, grep BLOCK LIST, grep EXPR,LIST, hex EXPR, hex,
356 import, index STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, index STR,SUBSTR, int EXPR, int, ioctl
357 FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, join EXPR,LIST, keys HASH, kill SIGNAL, LIST,
358 last LABEL, last, lc EXPR, lc, lcfirst EXPR, lcfirst, length EXPR, length,
359 link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, listen SOCKET,QUEUESIZE, local EXPR, localtime EXPR,
360 lock, log EXPR, log, lstat EXPR, lstat, m//, map BLOCK LIST, map EXPR,LIST,
361 mkdir FILENAME,MASK, mkdir FILENAME, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget KEY,FLAGS,
362 msgrcv ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS, my EXPR, my EXPR :
363 ATTRIBUTES, next LABEL, next, no Module LIST, oct EXPR, oct, open
364 FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR,LIST,
365 open FILEHANDLE, opendir DIRHANDLE,EXPR, ord EXPR, ord, our EXPR, our EXPR
366 : ATTRIBUTES, pack TEMPLATE,LIST, package NAMESPACE, package, pipe
367 READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, pop ARRAY, pop, pos SCALAR, pos, print FILEHANDLE
368 LIST, print LIST, print, printf FILEHANDLE FORMAT, LIST, printf FORMAT,
369 LIST, prototype FUNCTION, push ARRAY,LIST, q/STRING/, qq/STRING/,
370 qr/STRING/, qx/STRING/, qw/STRING/, quotemeta EXPR, quotemeta, rand EXPR,
371 rand, read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,
372 readdir DIRHANDLE, readline EXPR, readlink EXPR, readlink, readpipe EXPR,
373 recv SOCKET,SCALAR,LENGTH,FLAGS, redo LABEL, redo, ref EXPR, ref, rename
374 OLDNAME,NEWNAME, require VERSION, require EXPR, require, reset EXPR, reset,
375 return EXPR, return, reverse LIST, rewinddir DIRHANDLE, rindex
376 STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, rindex STR,SUBSTR, rmdir FILENAME, rmdir, s///, scalar
377 EXPR, seek FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, seekdir DIRHANDLE,POS, select
378 FILEHANDLE, select, select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, semctl
379 ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, send
380 SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS,TO, send SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS, setpgrp PID,PGRP, setpriority
381 WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shift ARRAY,
382 shift, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS, shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE,
383 shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, shutdown SOCKET,HOW, sin EXPR, sin, sleep
384 EXPR, sleep, sockatmark SOCKET, socket SOCKET,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL,
385 socketpair SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, sort SUBNAME LIST, sort
386 BLOCK LIST, sort LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,LIST, splice
387 ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH, splice ARRAY,OFFSET, splice ARRAY, split
388 /PATTERN/,EXPR,LIMIT, split /PATTERN/,EXPR, split /PATTERN/, split, sprintf
389 FORMAT, LIST, sqrt EXPR, sqrt, srand EXPR, srand, stat FILEHANDLE, stat
390 EXPR, stat, study SCALAR, study, sub BLOCK, sub NAME, sub NAME BLOCK,
391 substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH,REPLACEMENT, substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH, substr
392 EXPR,OFFSET, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen
393 FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE, sysopen FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, sysread
394 FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, sysread FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, sysseek
395 FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, system LIST, system PROGRAM LIST, syswrite
396 FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,
397 syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR, tell FILEHANDLE, tell, telldir DIRHANDLE, tie
398 VARIABLE,CLASSNAME,LIST, tied VARIABLE, time, times, tr///, truncate
399 FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, uc EXPR, uc, ucfirst EXPR,
400 ucfirst, umask EXPR, umask, undef EXPR, undef, unlink LIST, unlink, unpack
401 TEMPLATE,EXPR, untie VARIABLE, unshift ARRAY,LIST, use Module VERSION LIST,
402 use Module VERSION, use Module LIST, use Module, use VERSION, utime LIST,
403 values HASH, vec EXPR,OFFSET,BITS, wait, waitpid PID,FLAGS, wantarray, warn
404 LIST, write FILEHANDLE, write EXPR, write, y///
410 =head2 perlreftut - Mark's very short tutorial about references
416 =item Who Needs Complicated Data Structures?
424 =item Making References
426 =item Using References
444 =item Distribution Conditions
450 =head2 perldsc - Perl Data Structures Cookbook
456 arrays of arrays, hashes of arrays, arrays of hashes, hashes of hashes,
457 more elaborate constructs
461 =item COMMON MISTAKES
463 =item CAVEAT ON PRECEDENCE
465 =item WHY YOU SHOULD ALWAYS C<use strict>
471 =item ARRAYS OF ARRAYS
475 =item Declaration of a ARRAY OF ARRAYS
477 =item Generation of a ARRAY OF ARRAYS
479 =item Access and Printing of a ARRAY OF ARRAYS
483 =item HASHES OF ARRAYS
487 =item Declaration of a HASH OF ARRAYS
489 =item Generation of a HASH OF ARRAYS
491 =item Access and Printing of a HASH OF ARRAYS
495 =item ARRAYS OF HASHES
499 =item Declaration of a ARRAY OF HASHES
501 =item Generation of a ARRAY OF HASHES
503 =item Access and Printing of a ARRAY OF HASHES
507 =item HASHES OF HASHES
511 =item Declaration of a HASH OF HASHES
513 =item Generation of a HASH OF HASHES
515 =item Access and Printing of a HASH OF HASHES
519 =item MORE ELABORATE RECORDS
523 =item Declaration of MORE ELABORATE RECORDS
525 =item Declaration of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS
527 =item Generation of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS
539 =head2 perlrequick - Perl regular expressions quick start
549 =item Simple word matching
551 =item Using character classes
553 =item Matching this or that
555 =item Grouping things and hierarchical matching
557 =item Extracting matches
559 =item Matching repetitions
563 =item Search and replace
565 =item The split operator
573 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
577 =item Acknowledgments
583 =head2 perlpod - plain old documentation
591 =item Verbatim Paragraph
593 =item Command Paragraph
595 =item Ordinary Block of Text
599 =item Embedding Pods in Perl Modules
601 =item Common Pod Pitfalls
611 =head2 perlstyle - Perl style guide
619 =head2 perltrap - Perl traps for the unwary
637 =item Perl4 to Perl5 Traps
639 Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps, Parsing Traps, Numerical
640 Traps, General data type traps, Context Traps - scalar, list contexts,
641 Precedence Traps, General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc,
642 Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps, OS Traps, DBM Traps, Unclassified Traps
644 =item Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps
646 Discontinuance, Deprecation, BugFix, Discontinuance, Discontinuance,
647 Discontinuance, BugFix, Discontinuance, Discontinuance, BugFix,
648 Discontinuance, Deprecation, Discontinuance, Discontinuance
652 Parsing, Parsing, Parsing, Parsing
654 =item Numerical Traps
656 Numerical, Numerical, Numerical, Bitwise string ops
658 =item General data type traps
660 (Arrays), (Arrays), (Hashes), (Globs), (Globs), (Scalar String),
661 (Constants), (Scalars), (Variable Suicide)
663 =item Context Traps - scalar, list contexts
665 (list context), (scalar context), (scalar context), (list, builtin)
667 =item Precedence Traps
669 Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence,
672 =item General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc.
674 Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular
675 Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression,
678 =item Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps
680 (Signals), (Sort Subroutine), warn() won't let you specify a filehandle
686 =item Interpolation Traps
688 Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation,
689 Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation
695 =item Unclassified Traps
697 C<require>/C<do> trap using returned value, C<split> on empty string with
704 =head2 perlrun - how to execute the Perl interpreter
714 =item #! and quoting on non-Unix systems
716 OS/2, MS-DOS, Win95/NT, Macintosh, VMS
718 =item Location of Perl
720 =item Command Switches
722 B<-0>[I<digits>], B<-a>, B<-C>, B<-c>, B<-d>, B<-d:>I<foo[=bar,baz]>,
723 B<-D>I<letters>, B<-D>I<number>, B<-e> I<commandline>, B<-F>I<pattern>,
724 B<-h>, B<-i>[I<extension>], B<-I>I<directory>, B<-l>[I<octnum>],
725 B<-m>[B<->]I<module>, B<-M>[B<->]I<module>, B<-M>[B<->]I<'module ...'>,
726 B<-[mM]>[B<->]I<module=arg[,arg]...>, B<-n>, B<-p>, B<-P>, B<-s>, B<-S>,
727 B<-T>, B<-u>, B<-U>, B<-v>, B<-V>, B<-V:>I<name>, B<-w>, B<-W>, B<-X>,
734 HOME, LOGDIR, PATH, PERL5LIB, PERL5OPT, PERLLIB, PERL5DB, PERL5SHELL
735 (specific to the Win32 port), PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS, PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL,
736 PERL_ROOT (specific to the VMS port), SYS$LOGIN (specific to the VMS port)
740 =head2 perldiag - various Perl diagnostics
748 =head2 perllexwarn - Perl Lexical Warnings
756 =item Default Warnings and Optional Warnings
758 =item What's wrong with B<-w> and C<$^W>
760 =item Controlling Warnings from the Command Line
764 =item Backward Compatibility
766 =item Category Hierarchy
770 =item Reporting Warnings from a Module
782 =head2 perldebtut - Perl debugging tutorial
790 =item Looking at data and -w and w
794 =item Stepping through code
796 =item Placeholder for a, w, t, T
798 =item REGULAR EXPRESSIONS
816 =head2 perldebug - Perl debugging
822 =item The Perl Debugger
826 =item Debugger Commands
828 h [command], p expr, x expr, V [pkg [vars]], X [vars], T, s [expr], n
829 [expr], r, <CR>, c [line|sub], l, l min+incr, l min-max, l line, l subname,
830 -, w [line], f filename, /pattern/, ?pattern?, L, S [[!]regex], t, t expr,
831 b [line] [condition], b subname [condition], b postpone subname
832 [condition], b load filename, b compile subname, d [line], D, a [line]
833 command, a [line], A, W expr, W, O booloption .., O anyoption? .., O
834 option=value .., < ?, < [ command ], << command, > ?, > command, >>
835 command, { ?, { [ command ], {{ command, ! number, ! -number, ! pattern, !!
836 cmd, H -number, q or ^D, R, |dbcmd, ||dbcmd, command, m expr, man [manpage]
838 =item Configurable Options
840 C<recallCommand>, C<ShellBang>, C<pager>, C<tkRunning>, C<signalLevel>,
841 C<warnLevel>, C<dieLevel>, C<AutoTrace>, C<LineInfo>, C<inhibit_exit>,
842 C<PrintRet>, C<ornaments>, C<frame>, C<maxTraceLen>, C<arrayDepth>,
843 C<hashDepth>, C<compactDump>, C<veryCompact>, C<globPrint>, C<DumpDBFiles>,
844 C<DumpPackages>, C<DumpReused>, C<quote>, C<HighBit>, C<undefPrint>,
845 C<UsageOnly>, C<TTY>, C<noTTY>, C<ReadLine>, C<NonStop>
847 =item Debugger input/output
849 Prompt, Multiline commands, Stack backtrace, Line Listing Format, Frame
852 =item Debugging compile-time statements
854 =item Debugger Customization
856 =item Readline Support
858 =item Editor Support for Debugging
860 =item The Perl Profiler
864 =item Debugging regular expressions
866 =item Debugging memory usage
874 =head2 perlvar - Perl predefined variables
882 =item Predefined Names
884 $ARG, $_, $a, $b, $<I<digits>>, $MATCH, $&, $PREMATCH, $`, $POSTMATCH, $',
885 $LAST_PAREN_MATCH, $+, @LAST_MATCH_END, @+, $MULTILINE_MATCHING, $*,
886 input_line_number HANDLE EXPR, $INPUT_LINE_NUMBER, $NR, $,
887 input_record_separator HANDLE EXPR, $INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $RS, $/,
888 autoflush HANDLE EXPR, $OUTPUT_AUTOFLUSH, $|, output_field_separator HANDLE
889 EXPR, $OUTPUT_FIELD_SEPARATOR, $OFS, $,, output_record_separator HANDLE
890 EXPR, $OUTPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $ORS, $\, $LIST_SEPARATOR, $",
891 $SUBSCRIPT_SEPARATOR, $SUBSEP, $;, $OFMT, $#, format_page_number HANDLE
892 EXPR, $FORMAT_PAGE_NUMBER, $%, format_lines_per_page HANDLE EXPR,
893 $FORMAT_LINES_PER_PAGE, $=, format_lines_left HANDLE EXPR,
894 $FORMAT_LINES_LEFT, $-, @LAST_MATCH_START, @-, C<$`> is the same as
895 C<substr($var, 0, $-[0])>, C<$&> is the same as C<substr($var, $-[0], $+[0]
896 - $-[0])>, C<$'> is the same as C<substr($var, $+[0])>, C<$1> is the same
897 as C<substr($var, $-[1], $+[1] - $-[1])>, C<$2> is the same as
898 C<substr($var, $-[2], $+[2] - $-[2])>, C<$3> is the same as C<substr $var,
899 $-[3], $+[3] - $-[3])>, format_name HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_NAME, $~,
900 format_top_name HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_TOP_NAME, $^,
901 format_line_break_characters HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_LINE_BREAK_CHARACTERS,
902 $:, format_formfeed HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_FORMFEED, $^L, $ACCUMULATOR, $^A,
903 $CHILD_ERROR, $?, $OS_ERROR, $ERRNO, $!, $EXTENDED_OS_ERROR, $^E,
904 $EVAL_ERROR, $@, $PROCESS_ID, $PID, $$, $REAL_USER_ID, $UID, $<,
905 $EFFECTIVE_USER_ID, $EUID, $>, $REAL_GROUP_ID, $GID, $(,
906 $EFFECTIVE_GROUP_ID, $EGID, $), $PROGRAM_NAME, $0, $[, $], $COMPILING, $^C,
907 $DEBUGGING, $^D, $SYSTEM_FD_MAX, $^F, $^H, %^H, $INPLACE_EDIT, $^I, $^M,
908 $OSNAME, $^O, $PERLDB, $^P, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80,
909 0x100, 0x200, $LAST_REGEXP_CODE_RESULT, $^R, $EXCEPTIONS_BEING_CAUGHT, $^S,
910 $BASETIME, $^T, $PERL_VERSION, $^V, $WARNING, $^W, ${^WARNING_BITS},
911 ${^WIDE_SYSTEM_CALLS}, $EXECUTABLE_NAME, $^X, $ARGV, @ARGV, @F, @INC, @_,
912 %INC, %ENV, $ENV{expr}, %SIG, $SIG{expr}
914 =item Error Indicators
916 =item Technical Note on the Syntax of Variable Names
924 =head2 perllol - Manipulating Arrays of Arrays in Perl
932 =item Declaration and Access of Arrays of Arrays
934 =item Growing Your Own
936 =item Access and Printing
948 =head2 perlopentut - tutorial on opening things in Perl
954 =item Open E<agrave> la shell
964 =item Mixing Reads and Writes
970 =item Open E<agrave> la C
974 =item Permissions E<agrave> la mode
978 =item Obscure Open Tricks
982 =item Re-Opening Files (dups)
984 =item Dispelling the Dweomer
988 =item Single Argument Open
990 =item Playing with STDIN and STDOUT
994 =item Other I/O Issues
998 =item Opening Non-File Files
1008 =item AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT
1014 =head2 perlretut - Perl regular expressions tutorial
1020 =item Part 1: The basics
1024 =item Simple word matching
1026 =item Using character classes
1028 =item Matching this or that
1030 =item Grouping things and hierarchical matching
1032 =item Extracting matches
1034 =item Matching repetitions
1036 =item Building a regexp
1038 =item Using regular expressions in Perl
1042 =item Part 2: Power tools
1046 =item More on characters, strings, and character classes
1048 =item Compiling and saving regular expressions
1050 =item Embedding comments and modifiers in a regular expression
1052 =item Non-capturing groupings
1054 =item Looking ahead and looking behind
1056 =item Using independent subexpressions to prevent backtracking
1058 =item Conditional expressions
1060 =item A bit of magic: executing Perl code in a regular expression
1062 =item Pragmas and debugging
1070 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1074 =item Acknowledgments
1080 =head2 perlre - Perl regular expressions
1090 =item Regular Expressions
1092 cntrl, graph, print, punct, xdigit
1094 =item Extended Patterns
1096 C<(?#text)>, C<(?imsx-imsx)>, C<(?:pattern)>, C<(?imsx-imsx:pattern)>,
1097 C<(?=pattern)>, C<(?!pattern)>, C<(?<=pattern)>, C<(?<!pattern)>, C<(?{
1098 code })>, C<(??{ code })>, C<< (?>pattern) >>,
1099 C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)>, C<(?(condition)yes-pattern)>
1103 =item Version 8 Regular Expressions
1105 =item Warning on \1 vs $1
1107 =item Repeated patterns matching zero-length substring
1109 =item Combining pieces together
1111 C<ST>, C<S|T>, C<S{REPEAT_COUNT}>, C<S{min,max}>, C<S{min,max}?>, C<S?>,
1112 C<S*>, C<S+>, C<S??>, C<S*?>, C<S+?>, C<< (?>S) >>, C<(?=S)>, C<(?<=S)>,
1113 C<(?!S)>, C<(?<!S)>, C<(??{ EXPR })>,
1114 C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)>
1116 =item Creating custom RE engines
1126 =head2 perlref - Perl references and nested data structures
1136 =item Making References
1138 =item Using References
1140 =item Symbolic references
1142 =item Not-so-symbolic references
1144 =item Pseudo-hashes: Using an array as a hash
1146 =item Function Templates
1156 =head2 perlform - Perl formats
1164 =item Format Variables
1174 =item Accessing Formatting Internals
1182 =head2 perlboot - Beginner's Object-Oriented Tutorial
1190 =item If we could talk to the animals...
1192 =item Introducing the method invocation arrow
1194 =item Invoking a barnyard
1196 =item The extra parameter of method invocation
1198 =item Calling a second method to simplify things
1200 =item Inheriting the windpipes
1202 =item A few notes about @ISA
1204 =item Overriding the methods
1206 =item Starting the search from a different place
1208 =item The SUPER way of doing things
1210 =item Where we're at so far...
1212 =item A horse is a horse, of course of course -- or is it?
1214 =item Invoking an instance method
1216 =item Accessing the instance data
1218 =item How to build a horse
1220 =item Inheriting the constructor
1222 =item Making a method work with either classes or instances
1224 =item Adding parameters to a method
1226 =item More interesting instances
1228 =item A horse of a different color
1240 =head2 perltoot - Tom's object-oriented tutorial for perl
1246 =item Creating a Class
1250 =item Object Representation
1252 =item Class Interface
1254 =item Constructors and Instance Methods
1256 =item Planning for the Future: Better Constructors
1260 =item Other Object Methods
1268 =item Accessing Class Data
1270 =item Debugging Methods
1272 =item Class Destructors
1274 =item Documenting the Interface
1284 =item Overridden Methods
1286 =item Multiple Inheritance
1288 =item UNIVERSAL: The Root of All Objects
1292 =item Alternate Object Representations
1296 =item Arrays as Objects
1298 =item Closures as Objects
1302 =item AUTOLOAD: Proxy Methods
1306 =item Autoloaded Data Methods
1308 =item Inherited Autoloaded Data Methods
1312 =item Metaclassical Tools
1318 =item Data Members as Variables
1326 =item Object Terminology
1332 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1338 =item Acknowledgments
1344 =head2 perltootc - Tom's OO Tutorial for Class Data in Perl
1350 =item Class Data in a Can
1352 =item Class Data as Package Variables
1356 =item Putting All Your Eggs in One Basket
1358 =item Inheritance Concerns
1360 =item The Eponymous Meta-Object
1362 =item Indirect References to Class Data
1364 =item Monadic Classes
1366 =item Translucent Attributes
1370 =item Class Data as Lexical Variables
1374 =item Privacy and Responsibility
1376 =item File-Scoped Lexicals
1378 =item More Inheritance Concerns
1380 =item Locking the Door and Throwing Away the Key
1382 =item Translucency Revisited
1390 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1392 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
1398 =head2 perlobj - Perl objects
1406 =item An Object is Simply a Reference
1408 =item A Class is Simply a Package
1410 =item A Method is Simply a Subroutine
1412 =item Method Invocation
1414 =item Indirect Object Syntax
1416 =item Default UNIVERSAL methods
1418 isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] )
1424 =item Two-Phased Garbage Collection
1432 =head2 perlbot - Bag'o Object Tricks (the BOT)
1438 =item OO SCALING TIPS
1440 =item INSTANCE VARIABLES
1442 =item SCALAR INSTANCE VARIABLES
1444 =item INSTANCE VARIABLE INHERITANCE
1446 =item OBJECT RELATIONSHIPS
1448 =item OVERRIDING SUPERCLASS METHODS
1450 =item USING RELATIONSHIP WITH SDBM
1452 =item THINKING OF CODE REUSE
1454 =item CLASS CONTEXT AND THE OBJECT
1456 =item INHERITING A CONSTRUCTOR
1462 =head2 perltie - how to hide an object class in a simple variable
1474 TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, UNTIE this,
1479 TIEARRAY classname, LIST, FETCH this, index, STORE this, index, value,
1480 FETCHSIZE this, STORESIZE this, count, EXTEND this, count, EXISTS this,
1481 key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, PUSH this, LIST, POP this, SHIFT this,
1482 UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST, UNTIE this, DESTROY
1487 USER, HOME, CLOBBER, LIST, TIEHASH classname, LIST, FETCH this, key, STORE
1488 this, key, value, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, EXISTS this, key, FIRSTKEY
1489 this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, UNTIE this, DESTROY this
1491 =item Tying FileHandles
1493 TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, WRITE this, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this,
1494 LIST, READ this, LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, CLOSE this, UNTIE this,
1499 =item The C<untie> Gotcha
1511 =head2 perlipc - Perl interprocess communication (signals, fifos, pipes,
1512 safe subprocesses, sockets, and semaphores)
1528 =item Using open() for IPC
1534 =item Background Processes
1536 =item Complete Dissociation of Child from Parent
1538 =item Safe Pipe Opens
1540 =item Bidirectional Communication with Another Process
1542 =item Bidirectional Communication with Yourself
1546 =item Sockets: Client/Server Communication
1550 =item Internet Line Terminators
1552 =item Internet TCP Clients and Servers
1554 =item Unix-Domain TCP Clients and Servers
1558 =item TCP Clients with IO::Socket
1562 =item A Simple Client
1564 C<Proto>, C<PeerAddr>, C<PeerPort>
1566 =item A Webget Client
1568 =item Interactive Client with IO::Socket
1572 =item TCP Servers with IO::Socket
1574 Proto, LocalPort, Listen, Reuse
1576 =item UDP: Message Passing
1590 =head2 perlfork - Perl's fork() emulation (EXPERIMENTAL, subject to change)
1600 =item Behavior of other Perl features in forked pseudo-processes
1602 $$ or $PROCESS_ID, %ENV, chdir() and all other builtins that accept
1603 filenames, wait() and waitpid(), kill(), exec(), exit(), Open handles to
1604 files, directories and network sockets
1606 =item Resource limits
1608 =item Killing the parent process
1610 =item Lifetime of the parent process and pseudo-processes
1612 =item CAVEATS AND LIMITATIONS
1614 BEGIN blocks, Open filehandles, Forking pipe open() not yet implemented,
1615 Global state maintained by XSUBs, Interpreter embedded in larger
1616 application, Thread-safety of extensions
1628 =head2 perlnumber - semantics of numbers and numeric operations in Perl
1636 =item Storing numbers
1638 =item Numeric operators and numeric conversions
1640 =item Flavors of Perl numeric operations
1642 Arithmetic operators except, C<no integer>, Arithmetic operators except,
1643 C<use integer>, Bitwise operators, C<no integer>, Bitwise operators, C<use
1644 integer>, Operators which expect an integer, Operators which expect a
1653 =head2 perlthrtut - tutorial on threads in Perl
1659 =item What Is A Thread Anyway?
1661 =item Threaded Program Models
1673 =item Native threads
1675 =item What kind of threads are perl threads?
1677 =item Threadsafe Modules
1683 =item Basic Thread Support
1685 =item Creating Threads
1687 =item Giving up control
1689 =item Waiting For A Thread To Exit
1691 =item Errors In Threads
1693 =item Ignoring A Thread
1697 =item Threads And Data
1701 =item Shared And Unshared Data
1703 =item Thread Pitfall: Races
1705 =item Controlling access: lock()
1707 =item Thread Pitfall: Deadlocks
1709 =item Queues: Passing Data Around
1713 =item Threads And Code
1717 =item Semaphores: Synchronizing Data Access
1719 Basic semaphores, Advanced Semaphores
1721 =item Attributes: Restricting Access To Subroutines
1723 =item Subroutine Locks
1727 =item Locking A Subroutine
1731 =item General Thread Utility Routines
1735 =item What Thread Am I In?
1739 =item Are These Threads The Same?
1741 =item What Threads Are Running?
1745 =item A Complete Example
1753 =item Introductory Texts
1755 =item OS-Related References
1757 =item Other References
1761 =item Acknowledgements
1769 =head2 perlport - Writing portable Perl
1775 Not all Perl programs have to be portable, Nearly all of Perl already I<is>
1784 =item Numbers endianness and Width
1786 =item Files and Filesystems
1788 =item System Interaction
1790 =item Interprocess Communication (IPC)
1792 =item External Subroutines (XS)
1794 =item Standard Modules
1798 =item Character sets and character encoding
1800 =item Internationalisation
1802 =item System Resources
1812 Mailing list: cpan-testers@perl.org, Testing results:
1813 http://testers.cpan.org/
1821 =item DOS and Derivatives
1829 =item EBCDIC Platforms
1837 =item FUNCTION IMPLEMENTATIONS
1841 =item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions
1843 -I<X> FILEHANDLE, -I<X> EXPR, -I<X>, alarm SECONDS, alarm, binmode
1844 FILEHANDLE, chmod LIST, chown LIST, chroot FILENAME, chroot, crypt
1845 PLAINTEXT,SALT, dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MODE, dump LABEL, exec
1846 LIST, fcntl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, flock FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, fork,
1847 getlogin, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority WHICH,WHO, getpwnam NAME,
1848 getgrnam NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getnetbyaddr
1849 ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER, getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent,
1850 getgrent, gethostent, getnetent, getprotoent, getservent, setpwent,
1851 setgrent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN,
1852 setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent, endhostent, endnetent,
1853 endprotoent, endservent, getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, glob,
1854 ioctl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, kill SIGNAL, LIST, link OLDFILE,NEWFILE,
1855 lstat FILEHANDLE, lstat EXPR, lstat, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget KEY,FLAGS,
1856 msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS, msgrcv ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR,
1857 open FILEHANDLE, pipe READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, readlink EXPR, readlink,
1858 select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, semctl ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget
1859 KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, setgrent, setpgrp PID,PGRP,
1860 setpriority WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setpwent, setsockopt
1861 SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS,
1862 shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE, shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, sockatmark SOCKET,
1863 socketpair SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, stat FILEHANDLE, stat
1864 EXPR, stat, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen
1865 FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, system LIST, times, truncate
1866 FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, umask EXPR, umask, utime LIST,
1867 wait, waitpid PID,FLAGS
1873 v1.48, 02 February 2001, v1.47, 22 March 2000, v1.46, 12 February 2000,
1874 v1.45, 20 December 1999, v1.44, 19 July 1999, v1.43, 24 May 1999, v1.42, 22
1875 May 1999, v1.41, 19 May 1999, v1.40, 11 April 1999, v1.39, 11 February
1876 1999, v1.38, 31 December 1998, v1.37, 19 December 1998, v1.36, 9 September
1877 1998, v1.35, 13 August 1998, v1.33, 06 August 1998, v1.32, 05 August 1998,
1878 v1.30, 03 August 1998, v1.23, 10 July 1998
1880 =item Supported Platforms
1884 =item AUTHORS / CONTRIBUTORS
1890 =head2 perllocale - Perl locale handling (internationalization and
1897 =item PREPARING TO USE LOCALES
1903 =item The use locale pragma
1905 =item The setlocale function
1907 =item Finding locales
1909 =item LOCALE PROBLEMS
1911 =item Temporarily fixing locale problems
1913 =item Permanently fixing locale problems
1915 =item Permanently fixing your system's locale configuration
1917 =item Fixing system locale configuration
1919 =item The localeconv function
1923 =item LOCALE CATEGORIES
1927 =item Category LC_COLLATE: Collation
1929 =item Category LC_CTYPE: Character Types
1931 =item Category LC_NUMERIC: Numeric Formatting
1933 =item Category LC_MONETARY: Formatting of monetary amounts
1937 =item Other categories
1945 PERL_BADLANG, LC_ALL, LANGUAGE, LC_CTYPE, LC_COLLATE, LC_MONETARY,
1946 LC_NUMERIC, LC_TIME, LANG
1952 =item Backward compatibility
1954 =item I18N:Collate obsolete
1956 =item Sort speed and memory use impacts
1958 =item write() and LC_NUMERIC
1960 =item Freely available locale definitions
1964 =item An imperfect standard
1972 =item Broken systems
1982 =head2 perlunicode - Unicode support in Perl
1990 =item Important Caveats
1992 Input and Output Disciplines, Regular Expressions, C<use utf8> still needed
1993 to enable a few features
1995 =item Byte and Character semantics
1997 =item Effects of character semantics
1999 =item Character encodings for input and output
2009 =head2 perlebcdic - Considerations for running Perl on EBCDIC platforms
2015 =item COMMON CHARACTER CODE SETS
2023 =item Latin 1 (ISO 8859-1)
2027 =item 13 variant characters
2035 =item Unicode and UTF
2039 =item SINGLE OCTET TABLES
2041 recipe 0, recipe 1, recipe 2, recipe 3, recipe 4, recipe 5, recipe 6
2043 =item IDENTIFYING CHARACTER CODE SETS
2057 =item OPERATOR DIFFERENCES
2059 =item FUNCTION DIFFERENCES
2061 chr(), ord(), pack(), print(), printf(), sort(), sprintf(), unpack()
2063 =item REGULAR EXPRESSION DIFFERENCES
2071 =item Ignore ASCII vs. EBCDIC sort differences.
2073 =item MONO CASE then sort data.
2075 =item Convert, sort data, then re convert.
2077 =item Perform sorting on one type of machine only.
2081 =item TRANSFORMATION FORMATS
2085 =item URL decoding and encoding
2087 =item uu encoding and decoding
2089 =item Quoted-Printable encoding and decoding
2091 =item Caesarian ciphers
2095 =item Hashing order and checksums
2099 =item MULTI OCTET CHARACTER SETS
2111 chcp, dataset access, OS/390, z/OS iconv, locales
2131 =head2 perlsec - Perl security
2139 =item Laundering and Detecting Tainted Data
2141 =item Switches On the "#!" Line
2143 =item Cleaning Up Your Path
2147 =item Protecting Your Programs
2155 =head2 perlmod - Perl modules (packages and symbol tables)
2167 =item Package Constructors and Destructors
2179 =head2 perlmodlib - constructing new Perl modules and finding existing ones
2185 =item THE PERL MODULE LIBRARY
2189 =item Pragmatic Modules
2191 attributes, attrs, autouse, base, blib, bytes, charnames, constant,
2192 diagnostics, fields, filetest, integer, less, locale, open, ops, overload,
2193 re, sigtrap, strict, subs, unicode::distinct, utf8, vars, warnings,
2196 =item Standard Modules
2198 AnyDBM_File, Attribute::Handlers, AutoLoader, AutoSplit, B, B::Asmdata,
2199 B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Concise, B::Debug,
2200 B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex, B::Stackobj, B::Stash,
2201 B::Terse, B::Xref, Benchmark, ByteLoader, CGI, CGI::Apache, CGI::Carp,
2202 CGI::Cookie, CGI::Fast, CGI::Pretty, CGI::Push, CGI::Switch, CGI::Util,
2203 CPAN, CPAN::FirstTime, CPAN::Nox, Carp, Carp::Heavy, Class::ISA,
2204 Class::Struct, Cwd, DB, DB_File, Devel::SelfStubber, Digest, DirHandle,
2205 Dumpvalue, Encode, Encode::EncodeFormat, Encode::Tcl, English, Env,
2206 Exporter, Exporter::Heavy, ExtUtils::Command, ExtUtils::Constant,
2207 ExtUtils::Embed, ExtUtils::Install, ExtUtils::Installed, ExtUtils::Liblist,
2208 ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin, ExtUtils::MM_OS2, ExtUtils::MM_Unix, ExtUtils::MM_VMS,
2209 ExtUtils::MM_Win32, ExtUtils::MakeMaker, ExtUtils::Manifest,
2210 ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap, ExtUtils::Mksymlists, ExtUtils::Packlist,
2211 ExtUtils::testlib, Fatal, Fcntl, File::Basename, File::CheckTree,
2212 File::Compare, File::Copy, File::DosGlob, File::Find, File::Path,
2213 File::Spec, File::Spec::Epoc, File::Spec::Functions, File::Spec::Mac,
2214 File::Spec::OS2, File::Spec::Unix, File::Spec::VMS, File::Spec::Win32,
2215 File::Temp, File::stat, FileCache, FileHandle, Filter::Simple, FindBin,
2216 Getopt::Long, Getopt::Std, I18N::Collate, I18N::LangTags,
2217 I18N::LangTags::List, IO, IPC::Open2, IPC::Open3, Locale::Constants,
2218 Locale::Country, Locale::Currency, Locale::Language, Locale::Maketext,
2219 Locale::Maketext::TPJ13, Math::BigFloat, Math::BigInt, Math::Complex,
2220 Math::Trig, NDBM_File, NEXT, Net::Ping, Net::hostent, Net::netent,
2221 Net::protoent, Net::servent, O, ODBM_File, Opcode, POSIX, PerlIO,
2222 Pod::Checker, Pod::Find, Pod::Html, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::LaTeX,
2223 Pod::Man, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Parser, Pod::Plainer, Pod::Select,
2224 Pod::Text, Pod::Text::Color, Pod::Text::Overstrike, Pod::Text::Termcap,
2225 Pod::Usage, SDBM_File, Safe, Search::Dict, SelectSaver, SelfLoader, Shell,
2226 Socket, Storable, Switch, Symbol, Term::ANSIColor, Term::Cap,
2227 Term::Complete, Term::ReadLine, Test, Test::Harness, Text::Abbrev,
2228 Text::Balanced, Text::ParseWords, Text::Soundex, Text::Tabs, Text::Wrap,
2229 Tie::Array, Tie::Handle, Tie::Hash, Tie::RefHash, Tie::Scalar,
2230 Tie::SubstrHash, Time::Local, Time::gmtime, Time::localtime, Time::tm,
2231 UNIVERSAL, User::grent, User::pwent, Win32
2233 =item Extension Modules
2245 =item Central America
2257 =item Modules: Creation, Use, and Abuse
2261 =item Guidelines for Module Creation
2263 Adding a Copyright Notice
2265 =item Guidelines for Converting Perl 4 Library Scripts into Modules
2267 =item Guidelines for Reusing Application Code
2275 =head2 perlmodinstall - Installing CPAN Modules
2285 B<DECOMPRESS> the file, B<UNPACK> the file into a directory, B<BUILD> the
2286 module (sometimes unnecessary), B<INSTALL> the module
2300 =head2 perlnewmod - preparing a new module for distribution
2310 =item What should I make into a module?
2312 =item Step-by-step: Preparing the ground
2314 Look around, Check it's new, Discuss the need, Choose a name, Check again
2316 =item Step-by-step: Making the module
2318 Start with F<h2xs>, Use L<strict|strict> and L<warnings|warnings>, Use
2319 L<Carp|Carp>, Use L<Exporter|Exporter> - wisely!, Use L<plain old
2320 documentation|perlpod>, Write tests, Write the README
2322 =item Step-by-step: Distributing your module
2324 Get a CPAN user ID, C<perl Makefile.PL; make test; make dist>, Upload the
2325 tarball, Announce to the modules list, Announce to clpa, Fix bugs!
2335 =head2 perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl ($Revision: 1.23 $, $Date:
2336 1999/05/23 16:08:30 $)
2346 =item Who supports Perl? Who develops it? Why is it free?
2348 =item Which version of Perl should I use?
2350 =item What are perl4 and perl5?
2352 =item What is perl6?
2354 =item How stable is Perl?
2356 =item Is Perl difficult to learn?
2358 =item How does Perl compare with other languages like Java, Python, REXX,
2361 =item Can I do [task] in Perl?
2363 =item When shouldn't I program in Perl?
2365 =item What's the difference between "perl" and "Perl"?
2367 =item Is it a Perl program or a Perl script?
2369 =item What is a JAPH?
2371 =item Where can I get a list of Larry Wall witticisms?
2373 =item How can I convince my sysadmin/supervisor/employees to use version
2374 5/5.005/Perl instead of some other language?
2378 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
2382 =head2 perlfaq2 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl ($Revision: 1.32 $,
2383 $Date: 1999/10/14 18:46:09 $)
2391 =item What machines support Perl? Where do I get it?
2393 =item How can I get a binary version of Perl?
2395 =item I don't have a C compiler on my system. How can I compile perl?
2397 =item I copied the Perl binary from one machine to another, but scripts
2400 =item I grabbed the sources and tried to compile but gdbm/dynamic
2401 loading/malloc/linking/... failed. How do I make it work?
2403 =item What modules and extensions are available for Perl? What is CPAN?
2404 What does CPAN/src/... mean?
2406 =item Is there an ISO or ANSI certified version of Perl?
2408 =item Where can I get information on Perl?
2410 =item What are the Perl newsgroups on Usenet? Where do I post questions?
2412 =item Where should I post source code?
2416 References, Tutorials, Task-Oriented, Special Topics
2418 =item Perl in Magazines
2420 =item Perl on the Net: FTP and WWW Access
2422 =item What mailing lists are there for Perl?
2424 =item Archives of comp.lang.perl.misc
2426 =item Where can I buy a commercial version of Perl?
2428 =item Where do I send bug reports?
2430 =item What is perl.com? Perl Mongers? pm.org? perl.org?
2434 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
2438 =head2 perlfaq3 - Programming Tools ($Revision: 1.38 $, $Date: 1999/05/23
2447 =item How do I do (anything)?
2449 =item How can I use Perl interactively?
2451 =item Is there a Perl shell?
2453 =item How do I debug my Perl programs?
2455 =item How do I profile my Perl programs?
2457 =item How do I cross-reference my Perl programs?
2459 =item Is there a pretty-printer (formatter) for Perl?
2461 =item Is there a ctags for Perl?
2463 =item Is there an IDE or Windows Perl Editor?
2465 Komodo, The Object System, Open Perl IDE, PerlBuilder, visiPerl+,
2466 CodeMagicCD, GNU Emacs, MicroEMACS, XEmacs, Elvis, Vile, Vim, Codewright,
2467 MultiEdit, SlickEdit, Bash, Ksh, Tcsh, Zsh, BBEdit and BBEdit Lite, Alpha
2469 =item Where can I get Perl macros for vi?
2471 =item Where can I get perl-mode for emacs?
2473 =item How can I use curses with Perl?
2475 =item How can I use X or Tk with Perl?
2477 =item How can I generate simple menus without using CGI or Tk?
2479 =item What is undump?
2481 =item How can I make my Perl program run faster?
2483 =item How can I make my Perl program take less memory?
2485 =item Is it unsafe to return a pointer to local data?
2487 =item How can I free an array or hash so my program shrinks?
2489 =item How can I make my CGI script more efficient?
2491 =item How can I hide the source for my Perl program?
2493 =item How can I compile my Perl program into byte code or C?
2495 =item How can I compile Perl into Java?
2497 =item How can I get C<#!perl> to work on [MS-DOS,NT,...]?
2499 =item Can I write useful Perl programs on the command line?
2501 =item Why don't Perl one-liners work on my DOS/Mac/VMS system?
2503 =item Where can I learn about CGI or Web programming in Perl?
2505 =item Where can I learn about object-oriented Perl programming?
2507 =item Where can I learn about linking C with Perl? [h2xs, xsubpp]
2509 =item I've read perlembed, perlguts, etc., but I can't embed perl in
2510 my C program; what am I doing wrong?
2512 =item When I tried to run my script, I got this message. What does it
2515 =item What's MakeMaker?
2519 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
2523 =head2 perlfaq4 - Data Manipulation ($Revision: 1.49 $, $Date: 1999/05/23
2534 =item Why am I getting long decimals (eg, 19.9499999999999) instead of the
2535 numbers I should be getting (eg, 19.95)?
2537 =item Why isn't my octal data interpreted correctly?
2539 =item Does Perl have a round() function? What about ceil() and floor()?
2542 =item How do I convert bits into ints?
2544 =item Why doesn't & work the way I want it to?
2546 =item How do I multiply matrices?
2548 =item How do I perform an operation on a series of integers?
2550 =item How can I output Roman numerals?
2552 =item Why aren't my random numbers random?
2560 =item How do I find the week-of-the-year/day-of-the-year?
2562 =item How do I find the current century or millennium?
2564 =item How can I compare two dates and find the difference?
2566 =item How can I take a string and turn it into epoch seconds?
2568 =item How can I find the Julian Day?
2570 =item How do I find yesterday's date?
2572 =item Does Perl have a Year 2000 problem? Is Perl Y2K compliant?
2580 =item How do I validate input?
2582 =item How do I unescape a string?
2584 =item How do I remove consecutive pairs of characters?
2586 =item How do I expand function calls in a string?
2588 =item How do I find matching/nesting anything?
2590 =item How do I reverse a string?
2592 =item How do I expand tabs in a string?
2594 =item How do I reformat a paragraph?
2596 =item How can I access/change the first N letters of a string?
2598 =item How do I change the Nth occurrence of something?
2600 =item How can I count the number of occurrences of a substring within a
2603 =item How do I capitalize all the words on one line?
2605 =item How can I split a [character] delimited string except when inside
2606 [character]? (Comma-separated files)
2608 =item How do I strip blank space from the beginning/end of a string?
2610 =item How do I pad a string with blanks or pad a number with zeroes?
2612 =item How do I extract selected columns from a string?
2614 =item How do I find the soundex value of a string?
2616 =item How can I expand variables in text strings?
2618 =item What's wrong with always quoting "$vars"?
2620 =item Why don't my <<HERE documents work?
2622 1. There must be no space after the << part, 2. There (probably) should be
2623 a semicolon at the end, 3. You can't (easily) have any space in front of
2632 =item What is the difference between a list and an array?
2634 =item What is the difference between $array[1] and @array[1]?
2636 =item How can I remove duplicate elements from a list or array?
2640 =item How can I tell whether a list or array contains a certain element?
2642 =item How do I compute the difference of two arrays? How do I compute the
2643 intersection of two arrays?
2645 =item How do I test whether two arrays or hashes are equal?
2647 =item How do I find the first array element for which a condition is true?
2649 =item How do I handle linked lists?
2651 =item How do I handle circular lists?
2653 =item How do I shuffle an array randomly?
2655 =item How do I process/modify each element of an array?
2657 =item How do I select a random element from an array?
2659 =item How do I permute N elements of a list?
2661 =item How do I sort an array by (anything)?
2663 =item How do I manipulate arrays of bits?
2665 =item Why does defined() return true on empty arrays and hashes?
2669 =item Data: Hashes (Associative Arrays)
2673 =item How do I process an entire hash?
2675 =item What happens if I add or remove keys from a hash while iterating over
2678 =item How do I look up a hash element by value?
2680 =item How can I know how many entries are in a hash?
2682 =item How do I sort a hash (optionally by value instead of key)?
2684 =item How can I always keep my hash sorted?
2686 =item What's the difference between "delete" and "undef" with hashes?
2688 =item Why don't my tied hashes make the defined/exists distinction?
2690 =item How do I reset an each() operation part-way through?
2692 =item How can I get the unique keys from two hashes?
2694 =item How can I store a multidimensional array in a DBM file?
2696 =item How can I make my hash remember the order I put elements into it?
2698 =item Why does passing a subroutine an undefined element in a hash create
2701 =item How can I make the Perl equivalent of a C structure/C++ class/hash or
2702 array of hashes or arrays?
2704 =item How can I use a reference as a hash key?
2712 =item How do I handle binary data correctly?
2714 =item How do I determine whether a scalar is a number/whole/integer/float?
2716 =item How do I keep persistent data across program calls?
2718 =item How do I print out or copy a recursive data structure?
2720 =item How do I define methods for every class/object?
2722 =item How do I verify a credit card checksum?
2724 =item How do I pack arrays of doubles or floats for XS code?
2728 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
2732 =head2 perlfaq5 - Files and Formats ($Revision: 1.38 $, $Date: 1999/05/23
2741 =item How do I flush/unbuffer an output filehandle? Why must I do this?
2743 =item How do I change one line in a file/delete a line in a file/insert a
2744 line in the middle of a file/append to the beginning of a file?
2746 =item How do I count the number of lines in a file?
2748 =item How do I make a temporary file name?
2750 =item How can I manipulate fixed-record-length files?
2752 =item How can I make a filehandle local to a subroutine? How do I pass
2753 filehandles between subroutines? How do I make an array of filehandles?
2755 =item How can I use a filehandle indirectly?
2757 =item How can I set up a footer format to be used with write()?
2759 =item How can I write() into a string?
2761 =item How can I output my numbers with commas added?
2763 =item How can I translate tildes (~) in a filename?
2765 =item How come when I open a file read-write it wipes it out?
2767 =item Why do I sometimes get an "Argument list too long" when I use <*>?
2769 =item Is there a leak/bug in glob()?
2771 =item How can I open a file with a leading ">" or trailing blanks?
2773 =item How can I reliably rename a file?
2775 =item How can I lock a file?
2777 =item Why can't I just open(FH, ">file.lock")?
2779 =item I still don't get locking. I just want to increment the number in
2780 the file. How can I do this?
2782 =item All I want to do is append a small amount of text to the end of a
2783 file. Do I still have to use locking?
2785 =item How do I randomly update a binary file?
2787 =item How do I get a file's timestamp in perl?
2789 =item How do I set a file's timestamp in perl?
2791 =item How do I print to more than one file at once?
2793 =item How can I read in an entire file all at once?
2795 =item How can I read in a file by paragraphs?
2797 =item How can I read a single character from a file? From the keyboard?
2799 =item How can I tell whether there's a character waiting on a filehandle?
2801 =item How do I do a C<tail -f> in perl?
2803 =item How do I dup() a filehandle in Perl?
2805 =item How do I close a file descriptor by number?
2807 =item Why can't I use "C:\temp\foo" in DOS paths? What doesn't
2808 `C:\temp\foo.exe` work?
2810 =item Why doesn't glob("*.*") get all the files?
2812 =item Why does Perl let me delete read-only files? Why does C<-i> clobber
2813 protected files? Isn't this a bug in Perl?
2815 =item How do I select a random line from a file?
2817 =item Why do I get weird spaces when I print an array of lines?
2821 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
2825 =head2 perlfaq6 - Regexes ($Revision: 1.27 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 16:08:30 $)
2833 =item How can I hope to use regular expressions without creating illegible
2834 and unmaintainable code?
2836 Comments Outside the Regex, Comments Inside the Regex, Different Delimiters
2838 =item I'm having trouble matching over more than one line. What's wrong?
2840 =item How can I pull out lines between two patterns that are themselves on
2843 =item I put a regular expression into $/ but it didn't work. What's wrong?
2845 =item How do I substitute case insensitively on the LHS while preserving
2848 =item How can I make C<\w> match national character sets?
2850 =item How can I match a locale-smart version of C</[a-zA-Z]/>?
2852 =item How can I quote a variable to use in a regex?
2854 =item What is C</o> really for?
2856 =item How do I use a regular expression to strip C style comments from a
2859 =item Can I use Perl regular expressions to match balanced text?
2861 =item What does it mean that regexes are greedy? How can I get around it?
2863 =item How do I process each word on each line?
2865 =item How can I print out a word-frequency or line-frequency summary?
2867 =item How can I do approximate matching?
2869 =item How do I efficiently match many regular expressions at once?
2871 =item Why don't word-boundary searches with C<\b> work for me?
2873 =item Why does using $&, $`, or $' slow my program down?
2875 =item What good is C<\G> in a regular expression?
2877 =item Are Perl regexes DFAs or NFAs? Are they POSIX compliant?
2879 =item What's wrong with using grep or map in a void context?
2881 =item How can I match strings with multibyte characters?
2883 =item How do I match a pattern that is supplied by the user?
2887 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
2891 =head2 perlfaq7 - Perl Language Issues ($Revision: 1.28 $, $Date:
2892 1999/05/23 20:36:18 $)
2900 =item Can I get a BNF/yacc/RE for the Perl language?
2902 =item What are all these $@%&* punctuation signs, and how do I know when to
2905 =item Do I always/never have to quote my strings or use semicolons and
2908 =item How do I skip some return values?
2910 =item How do I temporarily block warnings?
2912 =item What's an extension?
2914 =item Why do Perl operators have different precedence than C operators?
2916 =item How do I declare/create a structure?
2918 =item How do I create a module?
2920 =item How do I create a class?
2922 =item How can I tell if a variable is tainted?
2924 =item What's a closure?
2926 =item What is variable suicide and how can I prevent it?
2928 =item How can I pass/return a {Function, FileHandle, Array, Hash, Method,
2931 Passing Variables and Functions, Passing Filehandles, Passing Regexes,
2934 =item How do I create a static variable?
2936 =item What's the difference between dynamic and lexical (static) scoping?
2937 Between local() and my()?
2939 =item How can I access a dynamic variable while a similarly named lexical
2942 =item What's the difference between deep and shallow binding?
2944 =item Why doesn't "my($foo) = <FILE>;" work right?
2946 =item How do I redefine a builtin function, operator, or method?
2948 =item What's the difference between calling a function as &foo and foo()?
2950 =item How do I create a switch or case statement?
2952 =item How can I catch accesses to undefined variables/functions/methods?
2954 =item Why can't a method included in this same file be found?
2956 =item How can I find out my current package?
2958 =item How can I comment out a large block of perl code?
2960 =item How do I clear a package?
2962 =item How can I use a variable as a variable name?
2966 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
2970 =head2 perlfaq8 - System Interaction ($Revision: 1.39 $, $Date: 1999/05/23
2979 =item How do I find out which operating system I'm running under?
2981 =item How come exec() doesn't return?
2983 =item How do I do fancy stuff with the keyboard/screen/mouse?
2985 Keyboard, Screen, Mouse
2987 =item How do I print something out in color?
2989 =item How do I read just one key without waiting for a return key?
2991 =item How do I check whether input is ready on the keyboard?
2993 =item How do I clear the screen?
2995 =item How do I get the screen size?
2997 =item How do I ask the user for a password?
2999 =item How do I read and write the serial port?
3001 lockfiles, open mode, end of line, flushing output, non-blocking input
3003 =item How do I decode encrypted password files?
3005 =item How do I start a process in the background?
3007 STDIN, STDOUT, and STDERR are shared, Signals, Zombies
3009 =item How do I trap control characters/signals?
3011 =item How do I modify the shadow password file on a Unix system?
3013 =item How do I set the time and date?
3015 =item How can I sleep() or alarm() for under a second?
3017 =item How can I measure time under a second?
3019 =item How can I do an atexit() or setjmp()/longjmp()? (Exception handling)
3021 =item Why doesn't my sockets program work under System V (Solaris)? What
3022 does the error message "Protocol not supported" mean?
3024 =item How can I call my system's unique C functions from Perl?
3026 =item Where do I get the include files to do ioctl() or syscall()?
3028 =item Why do setuid perl scripts complain about kernel problems?
3030 =item How can I open a pipe both to and from a command?
3032 =item Why can't I get the output of a command with system()?
3034 =item How can I capture STDERR from an external command?
3036 =item Why doesn't open() return an error when a pipe open fails?
3038 =item What's wrong with using backticks in a void context?
3040 =item How can I call backticks without shell processing?
3042 =item Why can't my script read from STDIN after I gave it EOF (^D on Unix,
3045 =item How can I convert my shell script to perl?
3047 =item Can I use perl to run a telnet or ftp session?
3049 =item How can I write expect in Perl?
3051 =item Is there a way to hide perl's command line from programs such as
3054 =item I {changed directory, modified my environment} in a perl script. How
3055 come the change disappeared when I exited the script? How do I get my
3056 changes to be visible?
3060 =item How do I close a process's filehandle without waiting for it to
3063 =item How do I fork a daemon process?
3065 =item How do I find out if I'm running interactively or not?
3067 =item How do I timeout a slow event?
3069 =item How do I set CPU limits?
3071 =item How do I avoid zombies on a Unix system?
3073 =item How do I use an SQL database?
3075 =item How do I make a system() exit on control-C?
3077 =item How do I open a file without blocking?
3079 =item How do I install a module from CPAN?
3081 =item What's the difference between require and use?
3083 =item How do I keep my own module/library directory?
3085 =item How do I add the directory my program lives in to the module/library
3088 =item How do I add a directory to my include path at runtime?
3090 =item What is socket.ph and where do I get it?
3094 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
3098 =head2 perlfaq9 - Networking ($Revision: 1.26 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 16:08:30
3107 =item My CGI script runs from the command line but not the browser. (500
3110 =item How can I get better error messages from a CGI program?
3112 =item How do I remove HTML from a string?
3114 =item How do I extract URLs?
3116 =item How do I download a file from the user's machine? How do I open a
3117 file on another machine?
3119 =item How do I make a pop-up menu in HTML?
3121 =item How do I fetch an HTML file?
3123 =item How do I automate an HTML form submission?
3125 =item How do I decode or create those %-encodings on the web?
3127 =item How do I redirect to another page?
3129 =item How do I put a password on my web pages?
3131 =item How do I edit my .htpasswd and .htgroup files with Perl?
3133 =item How do I make sure users can't enter values into a form that cause my
3134 CGI script to do bad things?
3136 =item How do I parse a mail header?
3138 =item How do I decode a CGI form?
3140 =item How do I check a valid mail address?
3142 =item How do I decode a MIME/BASE64 string?
3144 =item How do I return the user's mail address?
3146 =item How do I send mail?
3148 =item How do I use MIME to make an attachment to a mail message?
3150 =item How do I read mail?
3152 =item How do I find out my hostname/domainname/IP address?
3154 =item How do I fetch a news article or the active newsgroups?
3156 =item How do I fetch/put an FTP file?
3158 =item How can I do RPC in Perl?
3162 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
3166 =head2 perlcompile - Introduction to the Perl Compiler-Translator
3176 B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Lint, B::Deparse, B::Xref
3180 =item Using The Back Ends
3184 =item The Cross Referencing Back End
3188 =item The Decompiling Back End
3190 =item The Lint Back End
3192 =item The Simple C Back End
3194 =item The Bytecode Back End
3196 =item The Optimized C Back End
3198 B, O, B::Asmdata, B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC,
3199 B::Debug, B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex, B::Stackobj,
3200 B::Stash, B::Terse, B::Xref
3204 =item KNOWN PROBLEMS
3210 =head2 perlembed - how to embed perl in your C program
3220 B<Use C from Perl?>, B<Use a Unix program from Perl?>, B<Use Perl from
3221 Perl?>, B<Use C from C?>, B<Use Perl from C?>
3225 =item Compiling your C program
3227 =item Adding a Perl interpreter to your C program
3229 =item Calling a Perl subroutine from your C program
3231 =item Evaluating a Perl statement from your C program
3233 =item Performing Perl pattern matches and substitutions from your C program
3235 =item Fiddling with the Perl stack from your C program
3237 =item Maintaining a persistent interpreter
3239 =item Maintaining multiple interpreter instances
3241 =item Using Perl modules, which themselves use C libraries, from your C
3246 =item Embedding Perl under Win32
3256 =head2 perldebguts - Guts of Perl debugging
3262 =item Debugger Internals
3266 =item Writing Your Own Debugger
3270 =item Frame Listing Output Examples
3272 =item Debugging regular expressions
3276 =item Compile-time output
3278 C<anchored> I<STRING> C<at> I<POS>, C<floating> I<STRING> C<at>
3279 I<POS1..POS2>, C<matching floating/anchored>, C<minlen>, C<stclass>
3280 I<TYPE>, C<noscan>, C<isall>, C<GPOS>, C<plus>, C<implicit>, C<with eval>,
3283 =item Types of nodes
3285 =item Run-time output
3289 =item Debugging Perl memory usage
3293 =item Using C<$ENV{PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS}>
3295 C<buckets SMALLEST(APPROX)..GREATEST(APPROX)>, Free/Used, C<Total sbrk():
3296 SBRKed/SBRKs:CONTINUOUS>, C<pad: 0>, C<heads: 2192>, C<chain: 0>, C<tail:
3299 =item Example of using B<-DL> switch
3301 C<717>, C<002>, C<054>, C<602>, C<702>, C<704>
3303 =item B<-DL> details
3307 =item Limitations of B<-DL> statistics
3315 =head2 perlxstut, perlXStut - Tutorial for writing XSUBs
3327 =item Version caveat
3329 =item Dynamic Loading versus Static Loading
3341 =item What has gone on?
3343 =item Writing good test scripts
3347 =item What's new here?
3349 =item Input and Output Parameters
3351 =item The XSUBPP Program
3353 =item The TYPEMAP file
3355 =item Warning about Output Arguments
3359 =item What has happened here?
3361 =item Anatomy of .xs file
3363 =item Getting the fat out of XSUBs
3365 =item More about XSUB arguments
3367 =item The Argument Stack
3369 =item Extending your Extension
3371 =item Documenting your Extension
3373 =item Installing your Extension
3377 =item New Things in this Example
3381 =item New Things in this Example
3383 =item EXAMPLE 7 (Coming Soon)
3385 =item EXAMPLE 8 (Coming Soon)
3387 =item EXAMPLE 9 (Coming Soon)
3389 =item Troubleshooting these Examples
3405 =head2 perlxs - XS language reference manual
3417 =item The Anatomy of an XSUB
3419 =item The Argument Stack
3421 =item The RETVAL Variable
3423 =item The MODULE Keyword
3425 =item The PACKAGE Keyword
3427 =item The PREFIX Keyword
3429 =item The OUTPUT: Keyword
3431 =item The NO_OUTPUT Keyword
3433 =item The CODE: Keyword
3435 =item The INIT: Keyword
3437 =item The NO_INIT Keyword
3439 =item Initializing Function Parameters
3441 =item Default Parameter Values
3443 =item The PREINIT: Keyword
3445 =item The SCOPE: Keyword
3447 =item The INPUT: Keyword
3449 =item The IN/OUTLIST/IN_OUTLIST/OUT/IN_OUT Keywords
3451 =item Variable-length Parameter Lists
3453 =item The C_ARGS: Keyword
3455 =item The PPCODE: Keyword
3457 =item Returning Undef And Empty Lists
3459 =item The REQUIRE: Keyword
3461 =item The CLEANUP: Keyword
3463 =item The POST_CALL: Keyword
3465 =item The BOOT: Keyword
3467 =item The VERSIONCHECK: Keyword
3469 =item The PROTOTYPES: Keyword
3471 =item The PROTOTYPE: Keyword
3473 =item The ALIAS: Keyword
3475 =item The INTERFACE: Keyword
3477 =item The INTERFACE_MACRO: Keyword
3479 =item The INCLUDE: Keyword
3481 =item The CASE: Keyword
3483 =item The & Unary Operator
3485 =item Inserting POD, Comments and C Preprocessor Directives
3487 =item Using XS With C++
3489 =item Interface Strategy
3491 =item Perl Objects And C Structures
3505 =head2 perlclib - Internal replacements for standard C library functions
3515 C<t>, C<p>, C<n>, C<s>
3517 =item File Operations
3519 =item File Input and Output
3521 =item File Positioning
3523 =item Memory Management and String Handling
3525 =item Character Class Tests
3527 =item F<stdlib.h> functions
3529 =item Miscellaneous functions
3537 =head2 perlguts - Introduction to the Perl API
3549 =item What is an "IV"?
3551 =item Working with SVs
3555 =item What's Really Stored in an SV?
3557 =item Working with AVs
3559 =item Working with HVs
3561 =item Hash API Extensions
3565 =item Blessed References and Class Objects
3567 =item Creating New Variables
3569 =item Reference Counts and Mortality
3571 =item Stashes and Globs
3573 =item Double-Typed SVs
3575 =item Magic Variables
3577 =item Assigning Magic
3579 =item Magic Virtual Tables
3583 =item Understanding the Magic of Tied Hashes and Arrays
3585 =item Localizing changes
3587 C<SAVEINT(int i)>, C<SAVEIV(IV i)>, C<SAVEI32(I32 i)>, C<SAVELONG(long i)>,
3588 C<SAVESPTR(s)>, C<SAVEPPTR(p)>, C<SAVEFREESV(SV *sv)>, C<SAVEMORTALIZESV(SV
3589 *sv)>, C<SAVEFREEOP(OP *op)>, C<SAVEFREEPV(p)>, C<SAVECLEARSV(SV *sv)>,
3590 C<SAVEDELETE(HV *hv, char *key, I32 length)>,
3591 C<SAVEDESTRUCTOR(DESTRUCTORFUNC_NOCONTEXT_t f, void *p)>,
3592 C<SAVEDESTRUCTOR_X(DESTRUCTORFUNC_t f, void *p)>, C<SAVESTACK_POS()>, C<SV*
3593 save_scalar(GV *gv)>, C<AV* save_ary(GV *gv)>, C<HV* save_hash(GV *gv)>,
3594 C<void save_item(SV *item)>, C<void save_list(SV **sarg, I32 maxsarg)>,
3595 C<SV* save_svref(SV **sptr)>, C<void save_aptr(AV **aptr)>, C<void
3596 save_hptr(HV **hptr)>
3604 =item XSUBs and the Argument Stack
3606 =item Calling Perl Routines from within C Programs
3608 =item Memory Allocation
3612 =item Putting a C value on Perl stack
3616 =item Scratchpads and recursion
3626 =item Examining the tree
3628 =item Compile pass 1: check routines
3630 =item Compile pass 1a: constant folding
3632 =item Compile pass 2: context propagation
3634 =item Compile pass 3: peephole optimization
3638 =item Examining internal data structures with the C<dump> functions
3640 =item How multiple interpreters and concurrency are supported
3644 =item Background and PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
3646 =item So what happened to dTHR?
3648 =item How do I use all this in extensions?
3650 =item Should I do anything special if I call perl from multiple threads?
3652 =item Future Plans and PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
3656 =item Internal Functions
3658 A, p, d, s, n, r, f, M, o, j, x
3662 =item Formatted Printing of IVs, UVs, and NVs
3664 =item Pointer-To-Integer and Integer-To-Pointer
3666 =item Source Documentation
3670 =item Unicode Support
3674 =item What B<is> Unicode, anyway?
3676 =item How can I recognise a UTF8 string?
3678 =item How does UTF8 represent Unicode characters?
3680 =item How does Perl store UTF8 strings?
3682 =item How do I convert a string to UTF8?
3684 =item Is there anything else I need to know?
3694 =head2 perlcall - Perl calling conventions from C
3700 An Error Handler, An Event Driven Program
3702 =item THE CALL_ FUNCTIONS
3704 call_sv, call_pv, call_method, call_argv
3724 =item Determining the Context
3728 =item KNOWN PROBLEMS
3734 =item No Parameters, Nothing returned
3736 =item Passing Parameters
3738 =item Returning a Scalar
3740 =item Returning a list of values
3742 =item Returning a list in a scalar context
3744 =item Returning Data from Perl via the parameter list
3748 =item Using G_KEEPERR
3752 =item Using call_argv
3754 =item Using call_method
3758 =item Using Perl to dispose of temporaries
3760 =item Strategies for storing Callback Context Information
3762 1. Ignore the problem - Allow only 1 callback, 2. Create a sequence of
3763 callbacks - hard wired limit, 3. Use a parameter to map to the Perl
3766 =item Alternate Stack Manipulation
3768 =item Creating and calling an anonymous subroutine in C
3780 =head2 perlutil - utilities packaged with the Perl distribution
3790 L<perldoc|perldoc>, L<pod2man|pod2man> and L<pod2text|pod2text>,
3791 L<pod2html|pod2html> and L<pod2latex|pod2latex>, L<pod2usage|pod2usage>,
3792 L<podselect|podselect>, L<podchecker|podchecker>, L<splain|splain>,
3793 L<roffitall|roffitall>
3797 L<a2p|a2p>, L<s2p|s2p>, L<find2perl|find2perl>
3801 L<perlbug|perlbug>, L<h2ph|h2ph>, L<c2ph|c2ph> and L<pstruct|pstruct>,
3802 L<h2xs|h2xs>, L<dprofpp|dprofpp>, L<perlcc|perlcc>
3810 =head2 perlfilter - Source Filters
3820 =item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER
3822 =item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN C
3824 B<Decryption Filters>
3826 =item CREATING A SOURCE FILTER AS A SEPARATE EXECUTABLE
3828 =item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN PERL
3830 =item USING CONTEXT: THE DEBUG FILTER
3842 =head2 perldbmfilter - Perl DBM Filters
3850 B<filter_store_key>, B<filter_store_value>, B<filter_fetch_key>,
3851 B<filter_fetch_value>
3857 =item An Example -- the NULL termination problem.
3859 =item Another Example -- Key is a C int.
3869 =head2 perlapi - autogenerated documentation for the perl public API
3875 AvFILL, av_clear, av_delete, av_exists, av_extend, av_fetch, av_fill,
3876 av_len, av_make, av_pop, av_push, av_shift, av_store, av_undef, av_unshift,
3877 ax, bytes_from_utf8, bytes_to_utf8, call_argv, call_method, call_pv,
3878 call_sv, CLASS, Copy, croak, CvSTASH, cv_const_sv, dAX, dITEMS, dMARK,
3879 dORIGMARK, dSP, dXSARGS, dXSI32, ENTER, eval_pv, eval_sv, EXTEND,
3880 fbm_compile, fbm_instr, FREETMPS, get_av, get_cv, get_hv, get_sv, GIMME,
3881 GIMME_V, grok_number, grok_numeric_radix, GvSV, gv_fetchmeth,
3882 gv_fetchmethod, gv_fetchmethod_autoload, gv_stashpv, gv_stashsv, G_ARRAY,
3883 G_DISCARD, G_EVAL, G_NOARGS, G_SCALAR, G_VOID, HEf_SVKEY, HeHASH, HeKEY,
3884 HeKLEN, HePV, HeSVKEY, HeSVKEY_force, HeSVKEY_set, HeVAL, HvNAME, hv_clear,
3885 hv_delete, hv_delete_ent, hv_exists, hv_exists_ent, hv_fetch, hv_fetch_ent,
3886 hv_iterinit, hv_iterkey, hv_iterkeysv, hv_iternext, hv_iternextsv,
3887 hv_iterval, hv_magic, hv_store, hv_store_ent, hv_undef, isALNUM, isALPHA,
3888 isDIGIT, isLOWER, isSPACE, isUPPER, is_utf8_char, is_utf8_string, items,
3889 ix, LEAVE, load_module, looks_like_number, MARK, mg_clear, mg_copy,
3890 mg_find, mg_free, mg_get, mg_length, mg_magical, mg_set, Move, New, newAV,
3891 Newc, newCONSTSUB, newHV, newRV_inc, newRV_noinc, NEWSV, newSViv, newSVnv,
3892 newSVpv, newSVpvf, newSVpvn, newSVpvn_share, newSVrv, newSVsv, newSVuv,
3893 newXS, newXSproto, Newz, Nullav, Nullch, Nullcv, Nullhv, Nullsv, ORIGMARK,
3894 perl_alloc, perl_construct, perl_destruct, perl_free, perl_parse, perl_run,
3895 PL_modglobal, PL_na, PL_sv_no, PL_sv_undef, PL_sv_yes, POPi, POPl, POPn,
3896 POPp, POPpbytex, POPpx, POPs, PUSHi, PUSHMARK, PUSHn, PUSHp, PUSHs, PUSHu,
3897 PUTBACK, Renew, Renewc, require_pv, RETVAL, Safefree, savepv, savepvn,
3898 SAVETMPS, SP, SPAGAIN, ST, strEQ, strGE, strGT, strLE, strLT, strNE,
3899 strnEQ, strnNE, StructCopy, SvCUR, SvCUR_set, SvEND, SvGETMAGIC, SvGROW,
3900 SvIOK, SvIOKp, SvIOK_notUV, SvIOK_off, SvIOK_on, SvIOK_only, SvIOK_only_UV,
3901 SvIOK_UV, SvIV, SvIVX, SvLEN, SvNIOK, SvNIOKp, SvNIOK_off, SvNOK, SvNOKp,
3902 SvNOK_off, SvNOK_on, SvNOK_only, SvNV, SvNVX, SvOK, SvOOK, SvPOK, SvPOKp,
3903 SvPOK_off, SvPOK_on, SvPOK_only, SvPOK_only_UTF8, SvPV, SvPVX, SvPV_force,
3904 SvPV_nolen, SvREFCNT, SvREFCNT_dec, SvREFCNT_inc, SvROK, SvROK_off,
3905 SvROK_on, SvRV, SvSETMAGIC, SvSetSV, SvSetSV_nosteal, SvSTASH, SvTAINT,
3906 SvTAINTED, SvTAINTED_off, SvTAINTED_on, SvTRUE, svtype, SvTYPE, SVt_IV,
3907 SVt_NV, SVt_PV, SVt_PVAV, SVt_PVCV, SVt_PVHV, SVt_PVMG, SvUOK, SvUPGRADE,
3908 SvUTF8, SvUTF8_off, SvUTF8_on, SvUV, SvUVX, sv_2mortal, sv_bless, sv_catpv,
3909 sv_catpvf, sv_catpvf_mg, sv_catpvn, sv_catpvn_flags, sv_catpvn_mg,
3910 sv_catpv_mg, sv_catsv, sv_catsv_flags, sv_catsv_mg, sv_chop, sv_clear,
3911 sv_cmp, sv_cmp_locale, sv_dec, sv_derived_from, sv_eq, sv_free, sv_getcwd,
3912 sv_gets, sv_grow, sv_inc, sv_insert, sv_isa, sv_isobject, sv_len,
3913 sv_len_utf8, sv_magic, sv_mortalcopy, sv_newmortal, sv_pvn_force,
3914 sv_pvn_force_flags, sv_pvutf8n_force, sv_realpath, sv_reftype, sv_replace,
3915 sv_rvweaken, sv_setiv, sv_setiv_mg, sv_setnv, sv_setnv_mg, sv_setpv,
3916 sv_setpvf, sv_setpvf_mg, sv_setpviv, sv_setpviv_mg, sv_setpvn,
3917 sv_setpvn_mg, sv_setpv_mg, sv_setref_iv, sv_setref_nv, sv_setref_pv,
3918 sv_setref_pvn, sv_setref_uv, sv_setsv, sv_setsv_flags, sv_setsv_mg,
3919 sv_setuv, sv_setuv_mg, sv_true, sv_unmagic, sv_unref, sv_unref_flags,
3920 sv_upgrade, sv_usepvn, sv_usepvn_mg, sv_utf8_decode, sv_utf8_downgrade,
3921 sv_utf8_encode, sv_utf8_upgrade, sv_utf8_upgrade_flags, sv_vcatpvfn,
3922 sv_vsetpvfn, THIS, toLOWER, toUPPER, utf8n_to_uvchr, utf8n_to_uvuni,
3923 utf8_distance, utf8_hop, utf8_length, utf8_to_bytes, utf8_to_uvchr,
3924 utf8_to_uvuni, uvchr_to_utf8, uvuni_to_utf8, warn, XPUSHi, XPUSHn, XPUSHp,
3925 XPUSHs, XPUSHu, XS, XSRETURN, XSRETURN_EMPTY, XSRETURN_IV, XSRETURN_NO,
3926 XSRETURN_NV, XSRETURN_PV, XSRETURN_UNDEF, XSRETURN_YES, XST_mIV, XST_mNO,
3927 XST_mNV, XST_mPV, XST_mUNDEF, XST_mYES, XS_VERSION, XS_VERSION_BOOTCHECK,
3936 =head2 perlintern - autogenerated documentation of purely B<internal>
3943 djSP, is_gv_magical, LVRET, PL_DBsingle, PL_DBsub, PL_DBtrace, PL_dowarn,
3944 PL_last_in_gv, PL_ofs_sv, PL_rs, start_glob
3952 =head2 perliol - C API for Perl's implementation of IO in Layers.
3962 =item History and Background
3964 =item Layers vs Disciplines
3966 =item Data Structures
3968 1. The functions and attributes of the "layer class", 2. The per-instance
3969 data for a particular handle
3971 =item Functions and Attributes
3973 =item Per-instance Data
3975 =item Layers in action.
3977 =item Per-instance flag bits
3979 PERLIO_F_EOF, PERLIO_F_CANWRITE, PERLIO_F_CANREAD, PERLIO_F_ERROR,
3980 PERLIO_F_TRUNCATE, PERLIO_F_APPEND, PERLIO_F_CRLF, PERLIO_F_UTF8,
3981 PERLIO_F_UNBUF, PERLIO_F_WRBUF, PERLIO_F_RDBUF, PERLIO_F_LINEBUF,
3982 PERLIO_F_TEMP, PERLIO_F_OPEN, PERLIO_F_FASTGETS
3984 =item Methods in Detail
3986 IV (*Pushed)(PerlIO *f,const char *mode, SV *arg);, IV
3987 (*Popped)(PerlIO *f);, PerlIO * (*Open)(...);, SV *
3988 (*Getarg)(PerlIO *f);, IV (*Fileno)(PerlIO *f);, SSize_t
3989 (*Read)(PerlIO *f, void *vbuf, Size_t count);, SSize_t (*Unread)(PerlIO
3990 *f, const void *vbuf, Size_t count);, SSize_t (*Write)(PerlIO *f, const
3991 void *vbuf, Size_t count);, IV (*Seek)(PerlIO *f, Off_t
3992 offset, int whence);, Off_t (*Tell)(PerlIO *f);, IV
3993 (*Close)(PerlIO *f);, IV (*Flush)(PerlIO *f);, IV
3994 (*Fill)(PerlIO *f);, IV (*Eof)(PerlIO *f);, IV
3995 (*Error)(PerlIO *f);, void (*Clearerr)(PerlIO *f);, void
3996 (*Setlinebuf)(PerlIO *f);, STDCHAR * (*Get_base)(PerlIO *f);,
3997 Size_t (*Get_bufsiz)(PerlIO *f);, STDCHAR *
3998 (*Get_ptr)(PerlIO *f);, SSize_t (*Get_cnt)(PerlIO *f);, void
3999 (*Set_ptrcnt)(PerlIO *f,STDCHAR *ptr,SSize_t cnt);
4003 "unix", "perlio", "stdio", "crlf", "mmap", "pending", "raw", "utf8"
4005 =item Extension Layers
4007 ":encoding", ":Scalar", ":Object" or ":Perl"
4013 =head2 perlapio - perl's IO abstraction interface.
4021 1. USE_STDIO, 2. USE_SFIO, 3. USE_PERLIO, B<PerlIO_stdin()>,
4022 B<PerlIO_stdout()>, B<PerlIO_stderr()>, B<PerlIO_open(path, mode)>,
4023 B<PerlIO_fdopen(fd,mode)>, B<PerlIO_reopen(path,mode,f)>,
4024 B<PerlIO_printf(f,fmt,...)>, B<PerlIO_vprintf(f,fmt,a)>,
4025 B<PerlIO_stdoutf(fmt,...)>, B<PerlIO_read(f,buf,count)>,
4026 B<PerlIO_write(f,buf,count)>, B<PerlIO_close(f)>, B<PerlIO_puts(f,s)>,
4027 B<PerlIO_putc(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_ungetc(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_getc(f)>,
4028 B<PerlIO_eof(f)>, B<PerlIO_error(f)>, B<PerlIO_fileno(f)>,
4029 B<PerlIO_clearerr(f)>, B<PerlIO_flush(f)>, B<PerlIO_seek(f,offset,whence)>,
4030 B<PerlIO_tell(f)>, B<PerlIO_getpos(f,p)>, B<PerlIO_setpos(f,p)>,
4031 B<PerlIO_rewind(f)>, B<PerlIO_tmpfile()>, B<PerlIO_setlinebuf(f)>
4035 =item Co-existence with stdio
4037 B<PerlIO_importFILE(f,flags)>, B<PerlIO_exportFILE(f,flags)>,
4038 B<PerlIO_findFILE(f)>, B<PerlIO_releaseFILE(p,f)>
4040 =item "Fast gets" Functions
4042 B<PerlIO_fast_gets(f)>, B<PerlIO_has_cntptr(f)>, B<PerlIO_get_cnt(f)>,
4043 B<PerlIO_get_ptr(f)>, B<PerlIO_set_ptrcnt(f,p,c)>, B<PerlIO_canset_cnt(f)>,
4044 B<PerlIO_set_cnt(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_has_base(f)>, B<PerlIO_get_base(f)>,
4045 B<PerlIO_get_bufsiz(f)>
4047 =item Other Functions
4049 PerlIO_apply_layers(f,mode,layers), PerlIO_binmode(f,ptype,imode,layers),
4050 'E<lt>' read, 'E<gt>' write, '+' read/write, PerlIO_debug(fmt,...)
4056 =head2 perltodo - Perl TO-DO List
4062 =item To do during 5.6.x
4066 =item Support for I/O disciplines
4068 =item Eliminate need for "use utf8";
4070 =item Autoload byte.pm
4072 =item Make "\u{XXXX}" et al work
4074 =item Overloadable regex assertions
4076 =item Unicode collation and normalization
4078 =item Unicode case mappings
4080 =item Unicode regular expression character classes
4082 =item use Thread for iThreads
4084 =item make perl_clone optionally clone ops
4086 =item Work out exit/die semantics for threads
4088 =item Typed lexicals for compiler
4090 =item Compiler workarounds for Win32
4092 =item AUTOLOADing in the compiler
4094 =item Fixing comppadlist when compiling
4096 =item Cleaning up exported namespace
4098 =item Complete signal handling
4100 =item Out-of-source builds
4102 =item POSIX realtime support
4104 =item UNIX98 support
4108 =item Long double conversion
4112 =item Thread-safe regexes
4114 =item Arithmetic on non-Arabic numerals
4116 =item POSIX Unicode character classes
4118 =item Factoring out common suffices/prefices in regexps (trie optimization)
4120 =item Security audit shipped utilities
4122 =item Custom opcodes
4124 =item spawnvp() on Win32
4126 =item DLL Versioning
4128 =item Introduce @( and @)
4130 =item Floating point handling
4132 =item IV/UV preservation
4134 =item Replace pod2html with something using Pod::Parser
4136 =item Automate module testing on CPAN
4138 =item sendmsg and recvmsg
4140 =item Rewrite perlre documentation
4142 =item Convert example code to IO::Handle filehandles
4144 =item Document Win32 choices
4146 =item Check new modules
4148 =item Make roffitall find pods and libs itself
4152 =item To do at some point
4156 =item Remove regular expression recursion
4158 =item Memory leaks after failed eval
4160 =item pack "(stuff)*"
4162 =item bitfields in pack
4164 =item Cross compilation
4166 =item Perl preprocessor / macros
4168 =item Perl lexer in Perl
4170 =item Using POSIX calls internally
4172 =item -i rename file when changed
4174 =item All ARGV input should act like E<lt>E<gt>
4176 =item Support for rerunning debugger
4178 =item my sub foo { }
4180 =item One-pass global destruction
4182 =item Rewrite regexp parser
4184 =item Cache recently used regexps
4186 =item Re-entrant functions
4188 =item Cross-compilation support
4190 =item Bit-shifting bitvectors
4192 =item debugger pragma
4194 =item use less pragma
4196 =item switch structures
4198 =item Cache eval tree
4202 =item Shrink opcode tables
4204 =item Optimize away @_
4206 =item Prototypes versus indirect objects
4210 =item Prototype method calls
4212 =item Return context prototype declarations
4216 =item Garbage collection
4220 =item pack/unpack tutorial
4222 =item Rewrite perldoc
4224 =item Install .3p manpages
4226 =item Unicode tutorial
4228 =item Update POSIX.pm for 1003.1-2
4230 =item Retargetable installation
4232 =item POSIX emulation on non-POSIX systems
4234 =item Rename Win32 headers
4236 =item Finish off lvalue functions
4238 =item Update sprintf documentation
4240 =item Use fchown/fchmod internally
4248 =item ref() in list context
4250 =item Make tr/// return histogram
4252 =item Compile to real threaded code
4254 =item Structured types
4256 =item Modifiable $1 et al.
4258 =item Procedural interfaces for IO::*, etc.
4262 =item Attach/detach debugger from running program
4264 =item Alternative RE syntax module
4268 =item foreach(reverse ...)
4270 =item Constant function cache
4272 =item Approximate regular expression matching
4280 =item Update guts documentation
4282 =item Add more tests
4284 =item Update auxiliary tools
4288 =item Recently done things
4292 =item Safe signal handling
4298 =item setitimer and getimiter
4300 =item Testing __DIE__ hook
4302 =item CPP equivalent in Perl
4304 =item Explicit switch statements
4312 =item perlcc to produce executable
4314 =item END blocks saved in compiled output
4316 =item Secure temporary file module
4318 =item Integrate Time::HiRes
4320 =item Turn Cwd into XS
4322 =item Mmap for input
4324 =item Byte to/from UTF8 and UTF8 to/from local conversion
4326 =item Add sockatmark support
4328 =item Mailing list archives
4332 =item Integrate MacPerl
4334 =item Web "nerve center" for Perl
4336 =item Regular expression tutorial
4338 =item Debugging Tutorial
4340 =item Integrate new modules
4342 =item Integrate profiler
4344 =item Y2K error detection
4346 =item Regular expression debugger
4350 =item "Dynamic" lexicals
4352 =item Cache precompiled modules
4356 =item Deprecated Wishes
4360 =item Loop control on do{}
4362 =item Lexically scoped typeglobs
4368 =item Generalised want()/caller())
4370 =item Named prototypes
4372 =item Built-in globbing
4374 =item Regression tests for suidperl
4376 =item Cached hash values
4378 =item Add compression modules
4380 =item Reorganise documentation into tutorials/references
4382 =item Remove distinction between functions and operators
4384 =item Make XS easier to use
4386 =item Make embedding easier to use
4390 =item my $Package::variable
4392 =item "or" tests defined, not truth
4394 =item "class"-based lexicals
4398 =item Lazy evaluation / tail recursion removal
4404 =head2 perlhack - How to hack at the Perl internals
4410 Does concept match the general goals of Perl?, Where is the
4411 implementation?, Backwards compatibility, Could it be a module instead?, Is
4412 the feature generic enough?, Does it potentially introduce new bugs?, Does
4413 it preclude other desirable features?, Is the implementation robust?, Is
4414 the implementation generic enough to be portable?, Is there enough
4415 documentation?, Is there another way to do it?, Does it create too much
4416 work?, Patches speak louder than words
4420 =item Keeping in sync
4422 rsync'ing the source tree, Using rsync over the LAN, Using pushing over the
4423 NFS, rsync'ing the patches, It's easier, It's more recent, It's more
4424 reliable, It's easier, It's a good reference, Finding a start point,
4425 Finding how to fix a bug, Finding the source of misbehaviour
4427 =item Submitting patches
4429 L<perlguts>, L<perlxstut> and L<perlxs>, L<perlapi>,
4430 F<Porting/pumpkin.pod>, The perl5-porters FAQ
4432 =item Finding Your Way Around
4434 Core modules, Documentation, Configure, Interpreter
4436 =item Elements of the interpreter
4438 Startup, Parsing, Optimization, Running
4440 =item Internal Variable Types
4446 Argument stack, Mark stack, Save stack
4448 =item Millions of Macros
4450 =item Poking at Perl
4452 =item Using a source-level debugger
4454 run [args], break function_name, break source.c:xxx, step, next, continue,
4455 finish, 'enter', print
4457 =item Dumping Perl Data Structures
4463 =item EXTERNAL TOOLS FOR DEBUGGING PERL
4467 =item Rational Software's Purify
4469 =item Purify on Unix
4471 -Accflags=-DPURIFY, -Doptimize='-g', -Uusemymalloc, -Dusemultiplicity
4475 DEFINES, USE_MULTI = define, #PERL_MALLOC = define, CFG = Debug
4477 =item Compaq's/Digital's Third Degree
4479 =item PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL
4481 =item Gprof Profiling
4483 -a, -b, -e routine, -f routine, -s, -z
4485 =item Pixie Profiling
4487 -h, -l, -p[rocedures], -h[eavy], -i[nvocations], -l[ines], -testcoverage,
4492 I<The Road goes ever on and on, down from the door where it began.>
4500 =head2 perlhist - the Perl history records
4508 =item THE KEEPERS OF THE PUMPKIN
4520 =item SELECTED RELEASE SIZES
4522 =item SELECTED PATCH SIZES
4526 =item THE KEEPERS OF THE RECORDS
4530 =head2 perldelta - what will be new for perl v5.8.0
4536 =item Reporting Bugs
4544 =head2 perl572delta, perl571delta - what's new for perl v5.7.2
4550 =item Security Vulnerability Closed
4552 =item Incompatible Changes
4554 =item Future Deprecations
4556 =item Core Enhancements
4558 =item Modules and Pragmata
4564 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
4568 =item Performance Enhancements
4570 =item Utility Changes
4572 =item New Documentation
4574 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
4578 =item New Or Improved Platforms
4580 =item Generic Improvements
4584 =item Selected Bug Fixes
4588 =item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
4592 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
4594 =item Changed Internals
4598 =item Regex pre-/post-compilation items matched up
4604 =item Known Problems
4608 =item AIX vac 5.0.0.0 May Produce Buggy Code For Perl
4610 =item lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
4612 =item lib/io_multihomed Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
4614 =item Test lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
4618 =item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
4620 =item sigaction test 13 in VMS
4622 =item sprintf tests 129 and 130
4624 =item Failure of Thread tests
4626 =item Localising a Tied Variable Leaks Memory
4628 =item Self-tying of Arrays and Hashes Is Forbidden
4630 =item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
4632 =item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental
4636 =item Reporting Bugs
4644 =head2 perl571delta - what's new for perl v5.7.1
4650 =item Security Vulnerability Closed
4652 =item Incompatible Changes
4654 =item Core Enhancements
4658 =item AUTOLOAD Is Now Lvaluable
4660 =item PerlIO is Now The Default
4662 =item Signals Are Now Safe
4666 =item Modules and Pragmata
4672 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
4676 =item Performance Enhancements
4678 =item Utility Changes
4680 =item New Documentation
4696 =item README.solaris
4700 =item Porting/repository.pod
4704 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
4708 =item New Or Improved Platforms
4710 =item Generic Improvements
4712 d_cmsghdr, d_fcntl_can_lock, d_fsync, d_getitimer, d_getpagsz, d_msghdr_s,
4713 need_va_copy, d_readv, d_recvmsg, d_sendmsg, sig_size, d_sockatmark,
4714 d_strtoq, d_u32align, d_ualarm, d_usleep
4718 =item Selected Bug Fixes
4722 =item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
4726 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
4728 =item Changed Internals
4732 =item Known Problems
4736 =item AIX vac 5.0.0.0 May Produce Buggy Code For Perl
4738 =item lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
4740 =item lib/io_multihomed Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
4742 =item Test lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
4746 =item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
4748 =item sigaction test 13 in VMS
4750 =item sprintf tests 129 and 130
4752 =item Failure of Thread tests
4754 =item Localising a Tied Variable Leaks Memory
4756 =item Self-tying of Arrays and Hashes Is Forbidden
4758 =item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
4760 =item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental
4764 =item Reporting Bugs
4772 =head2 perl570delta - what's new for perl v5.7.0
4778 =item Security Vulnerability Closed
4780 =item Incompatible Changes
4782 =item Core Enhancements
4784 =item Modules and Pragmata
4790 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
4794 =item Utility Changes
4796 =item New Documentation
4798 =item Performance Enhancements
4800 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
4804 =item Generic Improvements
4808 =item Selected Bug Fixes
4812 =item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
4816 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
4818 =item Changed Internals
4820 =item Known Problems
4824 =item Unicode Support Still Far From Perfect
4826 =item EBCDIC Still A Lost Platform
4828 =item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
4830 =item ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
4832 =item Test lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
4834 =item Long Doubles Still Don't Work In Solaris
4836 =item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
4838 =item Storable tests fail in some platforms
4840 =item Threads Are Still Experimental
4842 =item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental
4846 =item Reporting Bugs
4854 =head2 perl56delta, perldelta - what's new for perl v5.6.0
4860 =item Core Enhancements
4864 =item Interpreter cloning, threads, and concurrency
4866 =item Lexically scoped warning categories
4868 =item Unicode and UTF-8 support
4870 =item Support for interpolating named characters
4872 =item "our" declarations
4874 =item Support for strings represented as a vector of ordinals
4876 =item Improved Perl version numbering system
4878 =item New syntax for declaring subroutine attributes
4880 =item File and directory handles can be autovivified
4882 =item open() with more than two arguments
4884 =item 64-bit support
4886 =item Large file support
4892 =item Enhanced support for sort() subroutines
4894 =item C<sort $coderef @foo> allowed
4896 =item File globbing implemented internally
4898 =item Support for CHECK blocks
4900 =item POSIX character class syntax [: :] supported
4902 =item Better pseudo-random number generator
4904 =item Improved C<qw//> operator
4906 =item Better worst-case behavior of hashes
4908 =item pack() format 'Z' supported
4910 =item pack() format modifier '!' supported
4912 =item pack() and unpack() support counted strings
4914 =item Comments in pack() templates
4916 =item Weak references
4918 =item Binary numbers supported
4920 =item Lvalue subroutines
4922 =item Some arrows may be omitted in calls through references
4924 =item Boolean assignment operators are legal lvalues
4926 =item exists() is supported on subroutine names
4928 =item exists() and delete() are supported on array elements
4930 =item Pseudo-hashes work better
4932 =item Automatic flushing of output buffers
4934 =item Better diagnostics on meaningless filehandle operations
4936 =item Where possible, buffered data discarded from duped input filehandle
4938 =item eof() has the same old magic as <>
4940 =item binmode() can be used to set :crlf and :raw modes
4942 =item C<-T> filetest recognizes UTF-8 encoded files as "text"
4944 =item system(), backticks and pipe open now reflect exec() failure
4946 =item Improved diagnostics
4948 =item Diagnostics follow STDERR
4950 =item More consistent close-on-exec behavior
4952 =item syswrite() ease-of-use
4954 =item Better syntax checks on parenthesized unary operators
4956 =item Bit operators support full native integer width
4958 =item Improved security features
4960 =item More functional bareword prototype (*)
4962 =item C<require> and C<do> may be overridden
4964 =item $^X variables may now have names longer than one character
4966 =item New variable $^C reflects C<-c> switch
4968 =item New variable $^V contains Perl version as a string
4970 =item Optional Y2K warnings
4972 =item Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings
4976 =item Modules and Pragmata
4982 attributes, B, Benchmark, ByteLoader, constant, charnames, Data::Dumper,
4983 DB, DB_File, Devel::DProf, Devel::Peek, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, English,
4984 Env, Fcntl, File::Compare, File::Find, File::Glob, File::Spec,
4985 File::Spec::Functions, Getopt::Long, IO, JPL, lib, Math::BigInt,
4986 Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Pod::Parser, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Checker,
4987 podchecker, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Find, Pod::Select, podselect, Pod::Usage,
4988 pod2usage, Pod::Text and Pod::Man, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Sys::Hostname,
4989 Term::ANSIColor, Time::Local, Win32, XSLoader, DBM Filters
4995 =item Utility Changes
5009 =item The Perl Debugger
5013 =item Improved Documentation
5015 perlapi.pod, perlboot.pod, perlcompile.pod, perldbmfilter.pod,
5016 perldebug.pod, perldebguts.pod, perlfork.pod, perlfilter.pod, perlhack.pod,
5017 perlintern.pod, perllexwarn.pod, perlnumber.pod, perlopentut.pod,
5018 perlreftut.pod, perltootc.pod, perltodo.pod, perlunicode.pod
5020 =item Performance enhancements
5024 =item Simple sort() using { $a <=> $b } and the like are optimized
5026 =item Optimized assignments to lexical variables
5028 =item Faster subroutine calls
5030 =item delete(), each(), values() and hash iteration are faster
5034 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
5038 =item -Dusethreads means something different
5040 =item New Configure flags
5042 =item Threadedness and 64-bitness now more daring
5048 =item -Duselargefiles
5050 =item installusrbinperl
5056 =item Enhanced Installation Directories
5060 =item Platform specific changes
5064 =item Supported platforms
5068 =item OS390 (OpenEdition MVS)
5076 =item Significant bug fixes
5080 =item <HANDLE> on empty files
5082 =item C<eval '...'> improvements
5084 =item All compilation errors are true errors
5086 =item Implicitly closed filehandles are safer
5088 =item Behavior of list slices is more consistent
5090 =item C<(\$)> prototype and C<$foo{a}>
5092 =item C<goto &sub> and AUTOLOAD
5094 =item C<-bareword> allowed under C<use integer>
5096 =item Failures in DESTROY()
5098 =item Locale bugs fixed
5102 =item Spurious subroutine stubs after failed subroutine calls
5104 =item Taint failures under C<-U>
5106 =item END blocks and the C<-c> switch
5108 =item Potential to leak DATA filehandles
5112 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
5114 "%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same %s, "my sub" not yet
5115 implemented, "our" variable %s redeclared, '!' allowed only after types %s,
5116 / cannot take a count, / must be followed by a, A or Z, / must be followed
5117 by a*, A* or Z*, / must follow a numeric type, /%s/: Unrecognized escape
5118 \\%c passed through, /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c in character class
5119 passed through, /%s/ should probably be written as "%s", %s() called too
5120 early to check prototype, %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element, %s
5121 argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or slice, %s argument is not a
5122 subroutine name, %s package attribute may clash with future reserved word:
5123 %s, (in cleanup) %s, <> should be quotes, Attempt to join self, Bad evalled
5124 substitution pattern, Bad realloc() ignored, Bareword found in conditional,
5125 Binary number > 0b11111111111111111111111111111111 non-portable, Bit vector
5126 size > 32 non-portable, Buffer overflow in prime_env_iter: %s, Can't check
5127 filesystem of script "%s", Can't declare class for non-scalar %s in "%s",
5128 Can't declare %s in "%s", Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default,
5129 Can't modify non-lvalue subroutine call, Can't read CRTL environ, Can't
5130 remove %s: %s, skipping file, Can't return %s from lvalue subroutine, Can't
5131 weaken a nonreference, Character class [:%s:] unknown, Character class
5132 syntax [%s] belongs inside character classes, Constant is not %s reference,
5133 constant(%s): %s, CORE::%s is not a keyword, defined(@array) is deprecated,
5134 defined(%hash) is deprecated, Did not produce a valid header, (Did you mean
5135 "local" instead of "our"?), Document contains no data, entering effective
5136 %s failed, false [] range "%s" in regexp, Filehandle %s opened only for
5137 output, flock() on closed filehandle %s, Global symbol "%s" requires
5138 explicit package name, Hexadecimal number > 0xffffffff non-portable,
5139 Ill-formed CRTL environ value "%s", Ill-formed message in prime_env_iter:
5140 |%s|, Illegal binary digit %s, Illegal binary digit %s ignored, Illegal
5141 number of bits in vec, Integer overflow in %s number, Invalid %s attribute:
5142 %s, Invalid %s attributes: %s, invalid [] range "%s" in regexp, Invalid
5143 separator character %s in attribute list, Invalid separator character %s in
5144 subroutine attribute list, leaving effective %s failed, Lvalue subs
5145 returning %s not implemented yet, Method %s not permitted, Missing
5146 %sbrace%s on \N{}, Missing command in piped open, Missing name in "my sub",
5147 No %s specified for -%c, No package name allowed for variable %s in "our",
5148 No space allowed after -%c, no UTC offset information; assuming local time
5149 is UTC, Octal number > 037777777777 non-portable, panic: del_backref,
5150 panic: kid popen errno read, panic: magic_killbackrefs, Parentheses missing
5151 around "%s" list, Possible unintended interpolation of %s in string,
5152 Possible Y2K bug: %s, pragma "attrs" is deprecated, use "sub NAME : ATTRS"
5153 instead, Premature end of script headers, Repeat count in pack overflows,
5154 Repeat count in unpack overflows, realloc() of freed memory ignored,
5155 Reference is already weak, setpgrp can't take arguments, Strange *+?{} on
5156 zero-length expression, switching effective %s is not implemented, This
5157 Perl can't reset CRTL environ elements (%s), This Perl can't set CRTL
5158 environ elements (%s=%s), Too late to run %s block, Unknown open() mode
5159 '%s', Unknown process %x sent message to prime_env_iter: %s, Unrecognized
5160 escape \\%c passed through, Unterminated attribute parameter in attribute
5161 list, Unterminated attribute list, Unterminated attribute parameter in
5162 subroutine attribute list, Unterminated subroutine attribute list, Value of
5163 CLI symbol "%s" too long, Version number must be a constant number
5167 =item Incompatible Changes
5171 =item Perl Source Incompatibilities
5173 CHECK is a new keyword, Treatment of list slices of undef has changed,
5174 Format of $English::PERL_VERSION is different, Literals of the form
5175 C<1.2.3> parse differently, Possibly changed pseudo-random number
5176 generator, Hashing function for hash keys has changed, C<undef> fails on
5177 read only values, Close-on-exec bit may be set on pipe and socket handles,
5178 Writing C<"$$1"> to mean C<"${$}1"> is unsupported, delete(), each(),
5179 values() and C<\(%h)>, vec(EXPR,OFFSET,BITS) enforces powers-of-two BITS,
5180 Text of some diagnostic output has changed, C<%@> has been removed,
5181 Parenthesized not() behaves like a list operator, Semantics of bareword
5182 prototype C<(*)> have changed, Semantics of bit operators may have changed
5183 on 64-bit platforms, More builtins taint their results
5185 =item C Source Incompatibilities
5187 C<PERL_POLLUTE>, C<PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT>, C<PERL_POLLUTE_MALLOC>
5189 =item Compatible C Source API Changes
5191 C<PATCHLEVEL> is now C<PERL_VERSION>
5193 =item Binary Incompatibilities
5197 =item Known Problems
5201 =item Thread test failures
5203 =item EBCDIC platforms not supported
5205 =item In 64-bit HP-UX the lib/io_multihomed test may hang
5207 =item NEXTSTEP 3.3 POSIX test failure
5209 =item Tru64 (aka Digital UNIX, aka DEC OSF/1) lib/sdbm test failure with
5212 =item UNICOS/mk CC failures during Configure run
5214 =item Arrow operator and arrays
5216 =item Experimental features
5218 Threads, Unicode, 64-bit support, Lvalue subroutines, Weak references, The
5219 pseudo-hash data type, The Compiler suite, Internal implementation of file
5220 globbing, The DB module, The regular expression code constructs:
5224 =item Obsolete Diagnostics
5226 Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Ill-formed
5227 logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter, In string, @%s now must be written as
5228 \@%s, Probable precedence problem on %s, regexp too big, Use of "$$<digit>"
5229 to mean "${$}<digit>" is deprecated
5231 =item Reporting Bugs
5239 =head2 perl5005delta, perldelta - what's new for perl5.005
5245 =item About the new versioning system
5247 =item Incompatible Changes
5251 =item WARNING: This version is not binary compatible with Perl 5.004.
5253 =item Default installation structure has changed
5255 =item Perl Source Compatibility
5257 =item C Source Compatibility
5259 =item Binary Compatibility
5261 =item Security fixes may affect compatibility
5263 =item Relaxed new mandatory warnings introduced in 5.004
5277 =item Regular Expressions
5279 Many new and improved optimizations, Many bug fixes, New regular expression
5280 constructs, New operator for precompiled regular expressions, Other
5281 improvements, Incompatible changes
5283 =item Improved malloc()
5285 =item Quicksort is internally implemented
5287 =item Reliable signals
5289 =item Reliable stack pointers
5291 =item More generous treatment of carriage returns
5295 =item Better support for multiple interpreters
5297 =item Behavior of local() on array and hash elements is now well-defined
5299 =item C<%!> is transparently tied to the L<Errno> module
5301 =item Pseudo-hashes are supported
5303 =item C<EXPR foreach EXPR> is supported
5305 =item Keywords can be globally overridden
5307 =item C<$^E> is meaningful on Win32
5309 =item C<foreach (1..1000000)> optimized
5311 =item C<Foo::> can be used as implicitly quoted package name
5313 =item C<exists $Foo::{Bar::}> tests existence of a package
5315 =item Better locale support
5317 =item Experimental support for 64-bit platforms
5319 =item prototype() returns useful results on builtins
5321 =item Extended support for exception handling
5323 =item Re-blessing in DESTROY() supported for chaining DESTROY() methods
5325 =item All C<printf> format conversions are handled internally
5327 =item New C<INIT> keyword
5329 =item New C<lock> keyword
5331 =item New C<qr//> operator
5333 =item C<our> is now a reserved word
5335 =item Tied arrays are now fully supported
5337 =item Tied handles support is better
5339 =item 4th argument to substr
5341 =item Negative LENGTH argument to splice
5343 =item Magic lvalues are now more magical
5345 =item <> now reads in records
5349 =item Supported Platforms
5355 =item Changes in existing support
5359 =item Modules and Pragmata
5365 B, Data::Dumper, Dumpvalue, Errno, File::Spec, ExtUtils::Installed,
5366 ExtUtils::Packlist, Fatal, IPC::SysV, Test, Tie::Array, Tie::Handle,
5367 Thread, attrs, fields, re
5369 =item Changes in existing modules
5371 Benchmark, Carp, CGI, Fcntl, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, POSIX, DB_File,
5372 MakeMaker, CPAN, Cwd
5376 =item Utility Changes
5378 =item Documentation Changes
5380 =item New Diagnostics
5382 Ambiguous call resolved as CORE::%s(), qualify as such or use &, Bad index
5383 while coercing array into hash, Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent
5384 package, Can't call method "%s" on an undefined value, Can't check
5385 filesystem of script "%s" for nosuid, Can't coerce array into hash, Can't
5386 goto subroutine from an eval-string, Can't localize pseudo-hash element,
5387 Can't use %%! because Errno.pm is not available, Cannot find an opnumber
5388 for "%s", Character class syntax [. .] is reserved for future extensions,
5389 Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Character
5390 class syntax [= =] is reserved for future extensions, %s: Eval-group in
5391 insecure regular expression, %s: Eval-group not allowed, use re 'eval', %s:
5392 Eval-group not allowed at run time, Explicit blessing to '' (assuming
5393 package main), Illegal hex digit ignored, No such array field, No such
5394 field "%s" in variable %s of type %s, Out of memory during ridiculously
5395 large request, Range iterator outside integer range, Recursive inheritance
5396 detected while looking for method '%s' %s, Reference found where even-sized
5397 list expected, Undefined value assigned to typeglob, Use of reserved word
5398 "%s" is deprecated, perl: warning: Setting locale failed
5400 =item Obsolete Diagnostics
5402 Can't mktemp(), Can't write to temp file for B<-e>: %s, Cannot open
5403 temporary file, regexp too big
5405 =item Configuration Changes
5415 =head2 perl5004delta, perldelta - what's new for perl5.004
5421 =item Supported Environments
5427 =item List assignment to %ENV works
5429 =item Change to "Can't locate Foo.pm in @INC" error
5431 =item Compilation option: Binary compatibility with 5.003
5433 =item $PERL5OPT environment variable
5435 =item Limitations on B<-M>, B<-m>, and B<-T> options
5437 =item More precise warnings
5439 =item Deprecated: Inherited C<AUTOLOAD> for non-methods
5441 =item Previously deprecated %OVERLOAD is no longer usable
5443 =item Subroutine arguments created only when they're modified
5445 =item Group vector changeable with C<$)>
5447 =item Fixed parsing of $$<digit>, &$<digit>, etc.
5449 =item Fixed localization of $<digit>, $&, etc.
5451 =item No resetting of $. on implicit close
5453 =item C<wantarray> may return undef
5455 =item C<eval EXPR> determines value of EXPR in scalar context
5457 =item Changes to tainting checks
5459 No glob() or <*>, No spawning if tainted $CDPATH, $ENV, $BASH_ENV, No
5460 spawning if tainted $TERM doesn't look like a terminal name
5462 =item New Opcode module and revised Safe module
5464 =item Embedding improvements
5466 =item Internal change: FileHandle class based on IO::* classes
5468 =item Internal change: PerlIO abstraction interface
5470 =item New and changed syntax
5474 =item New and changed builtin constants
5478 =item New and changed builtin variables
5482 =item New and changed builtin functions
5484 delete on slices, flock, printf and sprintf, keys as an lvalue, my() in
5485 Control Structures, pack() and unpack(), sysseek(), use VERSION, use Module
5486 VERSION LIST, prototype(FUNCTION), srand, $_ as Default, C<m//gc> does not
5487 reset search position on failure, C<m//x> ignores whitespace before ?*+{},
5488 nested C<sub{}> closures work now, formats work right on changing lexicals
5490 =item New builtin methods
5492 isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] )
5494 =item TIEHANDLE now supported
5496 TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this, LIST, READ this
5497 LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, DESTROY this
5499 =item Malloc enhancements
5501 -DPERL_EMERGENCY_SBRK, -DPACK_MALLOC, -DTWO_POT_OPTIMIZE
5503 =item Miscellaneous efficiency enhancements
5507 =item Support for More Operating Systems
5523 use autouse MODULE => qw(sub1 sub2 sub3), use blib, use blib 'dir', use
5524 constant NAME => VALUE, use locale, use ops, use vmsish
5530 =item Required Updates
5532 =item Installation directories
5534 =item Module information summary
5548 =item Object-oriented overrides for builtin operators
5552 =item Utility Changes
5558 Sends converted HTML to standard output
5562 C<void> XSUBs now default to returning nothing
5566 =item C Language API Changes
5568 C<gv_fetchmethod> and C<perl_call_sv>, C<perl_eval_pv>, Extended API for
5571 =item Documentation Changes
5573 L<perldelta>, L<perlfaq>, L<perllocale>, L<perltoot>, L<perlapio>,
5574 L<perlmodlib>, L<perldebug>, L<perlsec>
5576 =item New Diagnostics
5578 "my" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same scope, %s argument is
5579 not a HASH element or slice, Allocation too large: %lx, Allocation too
5580 large, Applying %s to %s will act on scalar(%s), Attempt to free
5581 nonexistent shared string, Attempt to use reference as lvalue in substr,
5582 Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent package, Can't redefine active sort
5583 subroutine %s, Can't use bareword ("%s") as %s ref while "strict refs" in
5584 use, Cannot resolve method `%s' overloading `%s' in package `%s', Constant
5585 subroutine %s redefined, Constant subroutine %s undefined, Copy method did
5586 not return a reference, Died, Exiting pseudo-block via %s, Identifier too
5587 long, Illegal character %s (carriage return), Illegal switch in PERL5OPT:
5588 %s, Integer overflow in hex number, Integer overflow in octal number,
5589 internal error: glob failed, Invalid conversion in %s: "%s", Invalid type
5590 in pack: '%s', Invalid type in unpack: '%s', Name "%s::%s" used only once:
5591 possible typo, Null picture in formline, Offset outside string, Out of
5592 memory!, Out of memory during request for %s, panic: frexp, Possible
5593 attempt to put comments in qw() list, Possible attempt to separate words
5594 with commas, Scalar value @%s{%s} better written as $%s{%s}, Stub found
5595 while resolving method `%s' overloading `%s' in %s, Too late for "B<-T>"
5596 option, untie attempted while %d inner references still exist, Unrecognized
5597 character %s, Unsupported function fork, Use of "$$<digit>" to mean
5598 "${$}<digit>" is deprecated, Value of %s can be "0"; test with defined(),
5599 Variable "%s" may be unavailable, Variable "%s" will not stay shared,
5600 Warning: something's wrong, Ill-formed logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter,
5601 Got an error from DosAllocMem, Malformed PERLLIB_PREFIX, PERL_SH_DIR too
5602 long, Process terminated by SIG%s
5612 =head2 perlaix, README.aix - Perl version 5 on IBM Unix (AIX) systems
5620 =item Compiling Perl 5 on AIX
5624 =item Building Dynamic Extensions on AIX
5626 =item The IBM ANSI C Compiler
5628 =item Using GNU's gcc for building perl
5630 =item Using Large Files with Perl
5636 =item GDBM and Threads
5638 =item NFS filesystems and utime(2)
5648 =head2 perlapollo, README.apollo - Perl version 5 on Apollo DomainOS
5658 =head2 perlamiga - Perl under Amiga OS
5672 =item Prerequisites for Compiling Perl on AmigaOS
5674 B<Unix emulation for AmigaOS: ixemul.library>, B<Version of Amiga OS>
5676 =item Starting Perl programs under AmigaOS
5678 =item Shortcomings of Perl under AmigaOS
5684 =item Accessing documentation
5688 =item Manpages for Perl on AmigaOS
5690 =item Perl HTML Documentation on AmigaOS
5692 =item Perl GNU Info Files on AmigaOS
5694 =item Perl LaTeX Documentation on AmigaOS
5698 =item BUILDING PERL ON AMIGAOS
5702 =item Build Prerequisites for Perl on AmigaOS
5704 =item Getting the Perl Source for AmigaOS
5706 =item Making Perl on AmigaOS
5708 =item Testing Perl on AmigaOS
5710 =item Installing the built Perl on AmigaOS
5720 =head2 perlbeos, README.beos - Perl version 5 on BeOS
5728 =item General Issues with Perl on BeOS
5730 =item BeOS Release-specific Notes
5734 =item Contact Information
5740 =head2 perlbs2000, README.BS2000 - building and installing Perl for BS2000.
5750 =item gzip on BS2000
5752 =item bison on BS2000
5754 =item Unpacking Perl Distribution on BS2000
5756 =item Compiling Perl on BS2000
5758 =item Testing Perl on BS2000
5760 =item Installing Perl on BS2000
5762 =item Using Perl in the Posix-Shell of BS2000
5764 =item Using Perl in "native" BS2000
5766 =item Floating point anomalies on BS2000
5784 =head2 perlcygwin, README.cygwin - Perl for Cygwin
5790 =item PREREQUISITES FOR COMPILING PERL ON CYGWIN
5794 =item Cygwin = GNU+Cygnus+Windows (Don't leave UNIX without it)
5796 =item Cygwin Configuration
5798 C<PATH>, I<nroff>, Permissions
5802 =item CONFIGURE PERL ON CYGWIN
5806 =item Stripping Perl Binaries on Cygwin
5808 =item Optional Libraries for Perl on Cygwin
5810 C<-lcrypt>, C<-lgdbm> (C<use GDBM_File>), C<-ldb> (C<use DB_File>),
5811 C<-lcygipc> (C<use IPC::SysV>)
5813 =item Configure-time Options for Perl on Cygwin
5815 C<-Uusedl>, C<-Uusemymalloc>, C<-Dusemultiplicity>, C<-Duseperlio>,
5816 C<-Duse64bitint>, C<-Duselongdouble>, C<-Dusethreads>, C<-Duselargefiles>
5818 =item Suspicious Warnings on Cygwin
5820 I<dlsym()>, Win9x and C<d_eofnblk>, Compiler/Preprocessor defines
5824 =item MAKE ON CYGWIN
5828 =item Warnings on Cygwin
5834 =item TEST ON CYGWIN
5838 =item File Permissions on Cygwin
5840 =item Hard Links on Cygwin
5842 =item Filetime Granularity on Cygwin
5844 =item Tainting Checks on Cygwin
5846 =item /etc/group on Cygwin
5848 =item Script Portability on Cygwin
5850 Pathnames, Text/Binary, F<.exe>, chown(), Miscellaneous
5854 =item INSTALL PERL ON CYGWIN
5856 =item MANIFEST ON CYGWIN
5858 Documentation, Build, Configure, Make, Install, Tests, Compiled Perl
5859 Source, Compiled Module Source, Perl Modules/Scripts
5861 =item BUGS ON CYGWIN
5869 =head2 perldgux - Perl under DG/UX.
5881 =item BUILDING PERL ON DG/UX
5885 =item Non-threaded Perl on DG/UX
5887 =item Threaded Perl on DG/UX
5889 =item Testing Perl on DG/UX
5891 =item Installing the built perl on DG/UX
5901 =head2 perlepoc, README.epoc - Perl for EPOC
5909 =item INSTALLING PERL ON EPOC
5911 =item STARTING PERL ON EPOC
5913 =item STOPPING PERL ON EPOC
5915 =item USING PERL ON EPOC
5919 =item I/O Redirection on Epoc
5921 =item PATH Names on Epoc
5923 =item Editors on Epoc
5925 =item Features of Perl on Epoc
5927 =item Restrictions of Perl on Epoc
5929 =item Compiling Perl 5 on the EPOC cross compiling environment
5933 =item SUPPORT STATUS OF PERL ON EPOC
5941 =head2 perlhpux, README.hpux - Perl version 5 on Hewlett-Packard Unix
5950 =item Compiling Perl 5 on HP-UX
5960 =item Portability Between PA-RISC Versions
5962 =item Itanium Processor Family and HP-UX
5964 =item Building Dynamic Extensions on HP-UX
5966 =item The HP ANSI C Compiler
5968 =item Using Large Files with Perl on HP-UX
5970 =item Threaded Perl on HP-UX
5972 =item 64-bit Perl on HP-UX
5974 =item GDBM and Threads on HP-UX
5976 =item NFS filesystems and utime(2) on HP-UX
5978 =item perl -P and // and HP-UX
5980 =item HP-UX Kernel Parameters (maxdsiz) for Compiling Perl
5990 =head2 perlhurd, README.hurd - Perl version 5 on Hurd
5998 =item Known Problems with Perl on Hurd
6006 =head2 perlmachten, README.machten - Perl version 5 on Power MachTen
6015 =item Compiling Perl 5 on MachTen
6017 =item Failures during C<make test> on MachTen
6019 op/lexassign.t, pragma/warnings.t
6021 =item Building external modules on MachTen
6031 =head2 perlmacos, README.macos - Perl under Mac OS (Classic)
6045 =head2 perlmint, README.mint - Perl version 5 on Atari MiNT
6051 =item Known problems with Perl on MiNT
6057 =head2 perlmpeix, README.mpeix - Perl/iX for HP e3000 MPE
6065 =item What's New in Perl ffor MPE/iX
6067 =item Welcome to Perl/iX
6069 =item System Requirements for Perl/iX
6071 =item How to Obtain Perl/iX
6073 =item Perl/iX Distribution Contents Highlights
6075 README, INSTALL, LIBSHP3K, PERL, .cpan/, lib/, man/,
6076 public_html/feedback.cgi, src/perl-5.6.0-mpe
6078 =item How to Compile Perl/iX
6082 =item Getting Started with Perl/iX
6084 =item MPE/iX Implementation Considerations
6086 =item Known Perl/iX Bugs Under Investigation
6088 =item Perl/iX To-Do List
6090 =item Perl/iX Change History
6096 =head2 perlos2 - Perl under OS/2, DOS, Win0.3*, Win0.95 and WinNT.
6116 EMX, RSX, HPFS, pdksh
6118 =item Starting Perl programs under OS/2 (and DOS and...)
6120 =item Starting OS/2 (and DOS) programs under Perl
6124 =item Frequently asked questions
6128 =item "It does not work"
6130 =item I cannot run external programs
6132 =item I cannot embed perl into my program, or use F<perl.dll> from my
6135 Is your program EMX-compiled with C<-Zmt -Zcrtdll>?, Did you use
6138 =item C<``> and pipe-C<open> do not work under DOS.
6140 =item Cannot start C<find.exe "pattern" file>
6148 =item Automatic binary installation
6150 C<PERL_BADLANG>, C<PERL_BADFREE>, F<Config.pm>
6152 =item Manual binary installation
6154 Perl VIO and PM executables (dynamically linked), Perl_ VIO executable
6155 (statically linked), Executables for Perl utilities, Main Perl library,
6156 Additional Perl modules, Tools to compile Perl modules, Manpages for Perl
6157 and utilities, Manpages for Perl modules, Source for Perl documentation,
6158 Perl manual in F<.INF> format, Pdksh
6164 =item Accessing documentation
6168 =item OS/2 F<.INF> file
6176 =item GNU C<info> files
6188 =item The short story
6192 =item Getting perl source
6194 =item Application of the patches
6202 A lot of C<bad free>, Process terminated by SIGTERM/SIGINT, F<op/fs.t>,
6205 =item Installing the built perl
6207 =item C<a.out>-style build
6215 =item Some C</> became C<\> in pdksh.
6217 =item C<'errno'> - unresolved external
6219 =item Problems with tr or sed
6221 =item Some problem (forget which ;-)
6223 =item Library ... not found
6225 =item Segfault in make
6227 =item op/sprintf test failure
6231 =item Specific (mis)features of OS/2 port
6235 =item C<setpriority>, C<getpriority>
6239 =item C<extproc> on the first line
6241 =item Additional modules:
6243 =item Prebuilt methods:
6245 C<File::Copy::syscopy>, C<DynaLoader::mod2fname>, C<Cwd::current_drive()>,
6246 C<Cwd::sys_chdir(name)>, C<Cwd::change_drive(name)>,
6247 C<Cwd::sys_is_absolute(name)>, C<Cwd::sys_is_rooted(name)>,
6248 C<Cwd::sys_is_relative(name)>, C<Cwd::sys_cwd(name)>,
6249 C<Cwd::sys_abspath(name, dir)>, C<Cwd::extLibpath([type])>,
6250 C<Cwd::extLibpath_set( path [, type ] )>,
6251 C<OS2::Error(do_harderror,do_exception)>, C<OS2::Errors2Drive(drive)>,
6252 OS2::SysInfo(), OS2::BootDrive(), C<OS2::MorphPM(serve)>,
6253 C<OS2::UnMorphPM(serve)>, C<OS2::Serve_Messages(force)>,
6254 C<OS2::Process_Messages(force [, cnt])>, C<OS2::_control87(new,mask)>,
6255 OS2::get_control87(), C<OS2::set_control87_em(new=MCW_EM,mask=MCW_EM)>
6257 =item Prebuilt variables:
6259 $OS2::emx_rev, $OS2::emx_env, $OS2::os_ver
6265 C<popen>, C<tmpnam>, C<tmpfile>, C<ctermid>, C<stat>, C<mkdir>, C<rmdir>,
6268 =item Identifying DLLs
6270 =item Centralized management of resources
6286 =item F<perl___.exe>
6288 =item Why strange names?
6290 =item Why dynamic linking?
6292 =item Why chimera build?
6300 =item C<PERLLIB_PREFIX>
6302 =item C<PERL_BADLANG>
6304 =item C<PERL_BADFREE>
6306 =item C<PERL_SH_DIR>
6308 =item C<USE_PERL_FLOCK>
6310 =item C<TMP> or C<TEMP>
6320 =item DLL name mangling
6324 =item Calls to external programs
6326 =item Memory allocation
6330 C<COND_WAIT>, F<os2.c>
6344 =head2 perlos390, README.os390 - building and installing Perl for OS/390.
6354 =item Unpacking Perl distribution on OS/390
6356 =item Setup and utilities for Perl on OS/390
6358 =item Configure Perl on OS/390
6360 =item Build, Test, Install Perl on OS/390
6362 =item Build Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
6364 =item Testing Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
6366 =item Installation Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
6368 =item Usage Hints for Perl on OS/390
6370 =item Floating Point Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
6372 =item Modules and Extensions for Perl on OS/390
6382 =item Mailing list for Perl on OS/390
6390 =head2 perlqnx, README.qnx - Perl version 5 on QNX
6398 =item Required Software for Compiling Perl on QNX
6400 /bin/sh, ar, nm, cpp, make
6402 =item Outstanding Issues with Perl on QNX
6404 =item QNX auxiliary files
6414 =head2 perlplan9 - Plan 9-specific documentation for Perl
6424 =item What's in Plan 9 Perl
6426 =item What's not in Plan 9 Perl
6428 =item Perl5 Functions not currently supported in Plan 9 Perl
6430 =item Signals in Plan 9 Perl
6434 =item COMPILING AND INSTALLING PERL ON PLAN 9
6438 =item Installing Perl Documentation on Plan 9
6450 =head2 perlsolaris, README.solaris - Perl version 5 on Solaris systems
6458 =item Solaris Version Numbers.
6464 Solaris FAQ, Precompiled Binaries, Solaris Documentation
6470 =item File Extraction Problems on Solaris.
6472 =item Compiler and Related Tools on Solaris.
6474 =item Environment for Compiling Perl on Solaris
6478 =item RUN CONFIGURE.
6482 =item 64-bit Issues with Perl on Solaris.
6484 =item Threads in Perl on Solaris.
6486 =item Malloc Issues with Perl on Solaris.
6490 =item MAKE PROBLEMS.
6492 Dynamic Loading Problems With GNU as and GNU ld, ld.so.1: ./perl: fatal:
6493 relocation error:, dlopen: stub interception failed, #error "No
6494 DATAMODEL_NATIVE specified", sh: ar: not found
6500 =item op/stat.t test 4 in Solaris
6504 =item PREBUILT BINARIES OF PERL FOR SOLARIS.
6506 =item RUNTIME ISSUES FOR PERL ON SOLARIS.
6510 =item Limits on Numbers of Open Files on Solaris.
6514 =item SOLARIS-SPECIFIC MODULES.
6516 =item SOLARIS-SPECIFIC PROBLEMS WITH MODULES.
6520 =item Proc::ProcessTable on Solaris
6522 =item BSD::Resource on Solairs
6524 =item Net::SSLeay on Soalris
6534 =head2 perltru64, README.tru64 - Perl version 5 on Tru64 (formerly known as
6535 Digital UNIX formerly known as DEC OSF/1) systems
6543 =item Compiling Perl 5 on Tru64
6545 =item Using Large Files with Perl on Tru64
6547 =item Threaded Perl on Tru64
6549 =item Long Doubles on Tru64
6551 =item 64-bit Perl on Tru64
6553 =item Warnings about floating-point overflow when compiling Perl on Tru64
6557 =item Testing Perl on Tru64
6563 =head2 perlvmesa, README.vmesa - building and installing Perl for VM/ESA.
6573 =item Unpacking Perl Distribution on VM/ESA
6575 =item Setup Perl and utilities on VM/ESA
6577 =item Configure Perl on VM/ESA
6579 =item Testing Anomalies of Perl on VM/ESA
6581 =item Usage Hints for Perl on VM/ESA
6591 =item Mailing list for Perl on VM/ESA
6597 =head2 perlvms - VMS-specific documentation for Perl
6605 =item Organization of Perl Images
6611 =item Perl Extensions
6613 =item Installing static extensions
6615 =item Installing dynamic extensions
6619 =item File specifications
6625 =item Wildcard expansion
6631 =item PERL5LIB and PERLLIB
6637 =item I/O redirection and backgrounding
6639 =item Command line switches
6645 =item Perl functions
6647 File tests, backticks, binmode FILEHANDLE, crypt PLAINTEXT, USER, dump,
6648 exec LIST, fork, getpwent, getpwnam, getpwuid, gmtime, kill, qx//, select
6649 (system call), stat EXPR, system LIST, time, times, unlink LIST, utime
6650 LIST, waitpid PID,FLAGS
6652 =item Perl variables
6654 %ENV, CRTL_ENV, CLISYM_[LOCAL], Any other string, $!, $^E, $?, $|
6656 =item Standard modules with VMS-specific differences
6670 =head2 perlvos, README.vos - Perl for Stratus VOS
6678 =item Stratus POSIX Support
6682 =item INSTALLING PERL IN VOS
6686 =item Compiling Perl 5 on VOS
6688 =item Installing Perl 5 on VOS
6692 =item USING PERL IN VOS
6696 =item Unimplemented Features of Perl on VOS
6698 =item Restrictions of Perl on VOS
6702 =item SUPPORT STATUS
6710 =head1 PRAGMA DOCUMENTATION
6712 =head2 attrs - set/get attributes of a subroutine (deprecated)
6724 =head2 re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour
6734 =head2 attributes - get/set subroutine or variable attributes
6744 =item Built-in Attributes
6746 locked, method, lvalue
6748 =item Available Subroutines
6752 =item Package-specific Attribute Handling
6754 FETCH_I<type>_ATTRIBUTES, MODIFY_I<type>_ATTRIBUTES
6756 =item Syntax of Attribute Lists
6764 =item Default exports
6766 =item Available exports
6768 =item Export tags defined
6778 =head2 autouse - postpone load of modules until a function is used
6794 =head2 base - Establish IS-A relationship with base class at compile time
6808 =head2 blib - Use MakeMaker's uninstalled version of a package
6822 =head2 bytes - Perl pragma to force byte semantics rather than character
6835 =head2 charnames - define character names for C<\N{named}> string literal
6844 =item CUSTOM TRANSLATORS
6850 =head2 constant - Perl pragma to declare constants
6860 =item TECHNICAL NOTE
6870 =head2 diagnostics - Perl compiler pragma to force verbose warning
6881 =item The C<diagnostics> Pragma
6883 =item The I<splain> Program
6897 =head2 fields - compile-time class fields
6911 =head2 filetest - Perl pragma to control the filetest permission operators
6921 =item subpragma access
6927 =head2 integer - Perl pragma to use integer arithmetic instead of floating
6938 =head2 less - perl pragma to request less of something from the compiler
6948 =head2 lib - manipulate @INC at compile time
6958 =item Adding directories to @INC
6960 =item Deleting directories from @INC
6962 =item Restoring original @INC
6972 =head2 locale - Perl pragma to use and avoid POSIX locales for built-in
6983 =head2 open - perl pragma to set default disciplines for input and output
6991 =item NONPERLIO FUNCTIONALITY
6993 =item IMPLEMENTATION DETAILS
6999 =head2 ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when compiling
7011 =head2 overload - Package for overloading perl operations
7021 =item Declaration of overloaded functions
7023 =item Calling Conventions for Binary Operations
7025 FALSE, TRUE, C<undef>
7027 =item Calling Conventions for Unary Operations
7029 =item Calling Conventions for Mutators
7031 C<++> and C<-->, C<x=> and other assignment versions
7033 =item Overloadable Operations
7035 I<Arithmetic operations>, I<Comparison operations>, I<Bit operations>,
7036 I<Increment and decrement>, I<Transcendental functions>, I<Boolean, string
7037 and numeric conversion>, I<Iteration>, I<Dereferencing>, I<Special>
7039 =item Inheritance and overloading
7041 Strings as values of C<use overload> directive, Overloading of an operation
7042 is inherited by derived classes
7046 =item SPECIAL SYMBOLS FOR C<use overload>
7054 C<undef>, TRUE, defined, but FALSE
7056 =item Copy Constructor
7062 =item MAGIC AUTOGENERATION
7064 I<Assignment forms of arithmetic operations>, I<Conversion operations>,
7065 I<Increment and decrement>, C<abs($a)>, I<Unary minus>, I<Negation>,
7066 I<Concatenation>, I<Comparison operations>, I<Iterator>, I<Dereferencing>,
7069 =item Losing overloading
7071 =item Run-time Overloading
7073 =item Public functions
7075 overload::StrVal(arg), overload::Overloaded(arg), overload::Method(obj,op)
7077 =item Overloading constants
7079 integer, float, binary, q, qr
7081 =item IMPLEMENTATION
7083 =item Metaphor clash
7089 =item Two-face scalars
7091 =item Two-face references
7093 =item Symbolic calculator
7095 =item I<Really> symbolic calculator
7103 Odd number of arguments for overload::constant, `%s' is not an overloadable
7104 type, `%s' is not a code reference
7110 =head2 re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour
7120 =head2 sigtrap - Perl pragma to enable simple signal handling
7132 =item SIGNAL HANDLERS
7134 B<stack-trace>, B<die>, B<handler> I<your-handler>
7138 B<normal-signals>, B<error-signals>, B<old-interface-signals>
7142 B<untrapped>, B<any>, I<signal>, I<number>
7150 =head2 strict - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe constructs
7158 C<strict refs>, C<strict vars>, C<strict subs>
7162 =head2 subs - Perl pragma to predeclare sub names
7172 =head2 unicode::distinct - Perl pragma to strictly distinguish UTF8 data
7185 =head2 utf8 - Perl pragma to enable/disable UTF-8 (or UTF-EBCDIC) in source
7196 =item Utility functions
7198 $num_octets = utf8::upgrade($string);, utf8::downgrade($string[, CHECK]),
7199 utf8::encode($string), $flag = utf8::decode($string)
7207 =head2 vars - Perl pragma to predeclare global variable names (obsolete)
7217 =head2 warnings - Perl pragma to control optional warnings
7225 use warnings::register, warnings::enabled(), warnings::enabled($category),
7226 warnings::enabled($object), warnings::warn($message),
7227 warnings::warn($category, $message), warnings::warn($object, $message),
7228 warnings::warnif($message), warnings::warnif($category, $message),
7229 warnings::warnif($object, $message)
7233 =head2 warnings::register - warnings import function
7235 =head1 MODULE DOCUMENTATION
7237 =head2 AnyDBM_File - provide framework for multiple DBMs
7247 =item DBM Comparisons
7257 =head2 Attribute::Handlers - Simpler definition of attribute handlers
7267 [0], [1], [2], [3], [4]
7271 =item Typed lexicals
7273 =item Type-specific attribute handlers
7275 =item Non-interpretive attribute handlers
7277 =item Attributes as C<tie> interfaces
7293 =head2 AutoLoader - load subroutines only on demand
7303 =item Subroutine Stubs
7305 =item Using B<AutoLoader>'s AUTOLOAD Subroutine
7307 =item Overriding B<AutoLoader>'s AUTOLOAD Subroutine
7309 =item Package Lexicals
7311 =item Not Using AutoLoader
7313 =item B<AutoLoader> vs. B<SelfLoader>
7323 =head2 AutoSplit - split a package for autoloading
7331 $keep, $check, $modtime
7335 =item Multiple packages
7343 =head2 B - The Perl Compiler
7351 =item OVERVIEW OF CLASSES
7355 =item SV-RELATED CLASSES
7363 IV, IVX, UVX, int_value, needs64bits, packiv
7377 =item B::PVMG METHODS
7381 =item B::MAGIC METHODS
7383 MOREMAGIC, PRIVATE, TYPE, FLAGS, OBJ, PTR
7385 =item B::PVLV METHODS
7387 TARGOFF, TARGLEN, TYPE, TARG
7391 USEFUL, PREVIOUS, RARE, TABLE
7395 is_empty, NAME, SAFENAME, STASH, SV, IO, FORM, AV, HV, EGV, CV, CVGEN,
7396 LINE, FILE, FILEGV, GvREFCNT, FLAGS
7400 LINES, PAGE, PAGE_LEN, LINES_LEFT, TOP_NAME, TOP_GV, FMT_NAME, FMT_GV,
7401 BOTTOM_NAME, BOTTOM_GV, SUBPROCESS, IoTYPE, IoFLAGS
7405 FILL, MAX, OFF, ARRAY, AvFLAGS
7409 STASH, START, ROOT, GV, FILE, DEPTH, PADLIST, OUTSIDE, XSUB, XSUBANY,
7414 FILL, MAX, KEYS, RITER, NAME, PMROOT, ARRAY
7416 =item OP-RELATED CLASSES
7420 next, sibling, name, ppaddr, desc, targ, type, seq, flags, private
7422 =item B::UNOP METHOD
7426 =item B::BINOP METHOD
7430 =item B::LOGOP METHOD
7434 =item B::LISTOP METHOD
7438 =item B::PMOP METHODS
7440 pmreplroot, pmreplstart, pmnext, pmregexp, pmflags, pmpermflags, precomp
7442 =item B::SVOP METHOD
7446 =item B::PADOP METHOD
7450 =item B::PVOP METHOD
7454 =item B::LOOP METHODS
7456 redoop, nextop, lastop
7458 =item B::COP METHODS
7460 label, stash, file, cop_seq, arybase, line
7464 =item FUNCTIONS EXPORTED BY C<B>
7466 main_cv, init_av, main_root, main_start, comppadlist, sv_undef, sv_yes,
7467 sv_no, amagic_generation, walkoptree(OP, METHOD), walkoptree_debug(DEBUG),
7468 walksymtable(SYMREF, METHOD, RECURSE, PREFIX), svref_2object(SV),
7469 ppname(OPNUM), hash(STR), cast_I32(I), minus_c, cstring(STR), class(OBJ),
7476 =head2 B::Asmdata - Autogenerated data about Perl ops, used to generate
7489 =head2 B::Assembler - Assemble Perl bytecode
7501 =head2 B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks
7513 =head2 B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend
7523 B<-ofilename>, B<-afilename>, B<-->, B<-f>, B<-fcompress-nullops>,
7524 B<-fomit-sequence-numbers>, B<-fbypass-nullops>, B<-On>, B<-D>, B<-Do>,
7525 B<-Db>, B<-Da>, B<-DC>, B<-S>, B<-upackage>
7535 =head2 B::C - Perl compiler's C backend
7545 B<-ofilename>, B<-v>, B<-->, B<-uPackname>, B<-D>, B<-Do>, B<-Dc>, B<-DA>,
7546 B<-DC>, B<-DM>, B<-f>, B<-fcog>, B<-fno-cog>, B<-On>, B<-llimit>
7556 =head2 B::CC - Perl compiler's optimized C translation backend
7566 B<-ofilename>, B<-v>, B<-->, B<-uPackname>, B<-mModulename>, B<-D>, B<-Dr>,
7567 B<-DO>, B<-Ds>, B<-Dp>, B<-Dq>, B<-Dl>, B<-Dt>, B<-f>,
7568 B<-ffreetmps-each-bblock>, B<-ffreetmps-each-loop>, B<-fomit-taint>, B<-On>
7580 =item Context of ".."
7584 =item Deprecated features
7592 =head2 B::Concise - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing concise info about ops
7602 B<-basic>, B<-exec>, B<-tree>, B<-compact>, B<-loose>, B<-vt>, B<-ascii>,
7603 B<-main>, B<-base>I<n>, B<-bigendian>, B<-littleendian>, B<-concise>,
7604 B<-terse>, B<-linenoise>, B<-debug>, B<-env>
7606 =item FORMATTING SPECIFICATIONS
7608 B<(x(>I<exec_text>B<;>I<basic_text>B<)x)>, B<(*(>I<text>B<)*)>,
7609 B<(*(>I<text1>B<;>I<text2>B<)*)>, B<(?(>I<text1>B<#>I<var>I<Text2>B<)?)>,
7610 B<#>I<var>, B<#>I<var>I<N>, B<~>, B<#addr>, B<#arg>, B<#class>,
7611 B<#classym>, B<#coplabel>, B<#exname>, B<#extarg>, B<#firstaddr>,
7612 B<#flags>, B<#flagval>, B<#hyphenseq>, B<#label>, B<#lastaddr>, B<#name>,
7613 B<#NAME>, B<#next>, B<#nextaddr>, B<#noise>, B<#private>, B<#privval>,
7614 B<#seq>, B<#seqnum>, B<#sibaddr>, B<#svaddr>, B<#svclass>, B<#svval>,
7615 B<#targ>, B<#targarg>, B<#targarglife>, B<#typenum>
7621 =item OP flags abbreviations
7623 =item OP class abbreviations
7627 =item Using B::Concise outside of the O framework
7633 =head2 B::Debug - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing debug info about ops
7645 =head2 B::Deparse - Perl compiler backend to produce perl code
7655 B<-l>, B<-p>, B<-q>, B<-f>I<FILE>, B<-s>I<LETTERS>, B<C>, B<i>I<NUMBER>,
7656 B<T>, B<v>I<STRING>B<.>, B<-x>I<LEVEL>
7658 =item USING B::Deparse AS A MODULE
7668 =item ambient_pragmas
7670 strict, $[, bytes, utf8, integer, re, warnings, hint_bits, warning_bits
7682 =head2 B::Disassembler - Disassemble Perl bytecode
7694 =head2 B::Lint - Perl lint
7702 =item OPTIONS AND LINT CHECKS
7704 B<context>, B<implicit-read> and B<implicit-write>, B<dollar-underscore>,
7705 B<private-names>, B<undefined-subs>, B<regexp-variables>, B<all>, B<none>
7707 =item NON LINT-CHECK OPTIONS
7717 =head2 B::O, O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends
7727 =item IMPLEMENTATION
7733 =head2 B::Showlex - Show lexical variables used in functions or files
7745 =head2 B::Stackobj - Helper module for CC backend
7757 =head2 B::Stash - show what stashes are loaded
7759 =head2 B::Terse - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing terse info about ops
7771 =head2 B::Xref - Generates cross reference reports for Perl programs
7781 C<-oFILENAME>, C<-r>, C<-D[tO]>
7789 =head2 Bblock, B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks
7801 =head2 Benchmark - benchmark running times of Perl code
7815 =item Standard Exports
7817 timeit(COUNT, CODE), timethis ( COUNT, CODE, [ TITLE, [ STYLE ]] ),
7818 timethese ( COUNT, CODEHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), timediff ( T1, T2 ), timestr (
7819 TIMEDIFF, [ STYLE, [ FORMAT ] ] )
7821 =item Optional Exports
7823 clearcache ( COUNT ), clearallcache ( ), cmpthese ( COUT, CODEHASHREF, [
7824 STYLE ] ), cmpthese ( RESULTSHASHREF ), countit(TIME, CODE), disablecache (
7825 ), enablecache ( ), timesum ( T1, T2 )
7841 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
7845 =head2 ByteLoader - load byte compiled perl code
7859 =head2 Bytecode, B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend
7869 B<-ofilename>, B<-afilename>, B<-->, B<-f>, B<-fcompress-nullops>,
7870 B<-fomit-sequence-numbers>, B<-fbypass-nullops>, B<-On>, B<-D>, B<-Do>,
7871 B<-Db>, B<-Da>, B<-DC>, B<-S>, B<-upackage>
7881 =head2 CGI - Simple Common Gateway Interface Class
7893 =item PROGRAMMING STYLE
7895 =item CALLING CGI.PM ROUTINES
7897 =item CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT (OBJECT-ORIENTED STYLE):
7899 =item CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT FROM AN INPUT FILE
7901 =item FETCHING A LIST OF KEYWORDS FROM THE QUERY:
7903 =item FETCHING THE NAMES OF ALL THE PARAMETERS PASSED TO YOUR SCRIPT:
7905 =item FETCHING THE VALUE OR VALUES OF A SINGLE NAMED PARAMETER:
7907 =item SETTING THE VALUE(S) OF A NAMED PARAMETER:
7909 =item APPENDING ADDITIONAL VALUES TO A NAMED PARAMETER:
7911 =item IMPORTING ALL PARAMETERS INTO A NAMESPACE:
7913 =item DELETING A PARAMETER COMPLETELY:
7915 =item DELETING ALL PARAMETERS:
7917 =item DIRECT ACCESS TO THE PARAMETER LIST:
7919 =item FETCHING THE PARAMETER LIST AS A HASH:
7921 =item SAVING THE STATE OF THE SCRIPT TO A FILE:
7923 =item RETRIEVING CGI ERRORS
7925 =item USING THE FUNCTION-ORIENTED INTERFACE
7927 B<:cgi>, B<:form>, B<:html2>, B<:html3>, B<:netscape>, B<:html>,
7928 B<:standard>, B<:all>
7932 -any, -compile, -nosticky, -no_undef_params, -no_xhtml, -nph,
7933 -newstyle_urls, -oldstyle_urls, -autoload, -no_debug, -debug,
7936 =item SPECIAL FORMS FOR IMPORTING HTML-TAG FUNCTIONS
7938 1. start_table() (generates a <TABLE> tag), 2. end_table() (generates a
7939 </TABLE> tag), 3. start_ul() (generates a <UL> tag), 4. end_ul() (generates
7944 =item GENERATING DYNAMIC DOCUMENTS
7948 =item CREATING A STANDARD HTTP HEADER:
7950 =item GENERATING A REDIRECTION HEADER
7952 =item CREATING THE HTML DOCUMENT HEADER
7954 B<Parameters:>, 4, 5, 6..
7956 =item ENDING THE HTML DOCUMENT:
7958 =item CREATING A SELF-REFERENCING URL THAT PRESERVES STATE INFORMATION:
7960 =item OBTAINING THE SCRIPT'S URL
7962 B<-absolute>, B<-relative>, B<-full>, B<-path> (B<-path_info>), B<-query>
7963 (B<-query_string>), B<-base>
7965 =item MIXING POST AND URL PARAMETERS
7969 =item CREATING STANDARD HTML ELEMENTS:
7973 =item PROVIDING ARGUMENTS TO HTML SHORTCUTS
7975 =item THE DISTRIBUTIVE PROPERTY OF HTML SHORTCUTS
7977 =item HTML SHORTCUTS AND LIST INTERPOLATION
7979 =item NON-STANDARD HTML SHORTCUTS
7981 =item AUTOESCAPING HTML
7983 $escaped_string = escapeHTML("unescaped string");, $charset =
7984 charset([$charset]);, $flag = autoEscape([$flag]);
7986 =item PRETTY-PRINTING HTML
7990 =item CREATING FILL-OUT FORMS:
7994 =item CREATING AN ISINDEX TAG
7996 =item STARTING AND ENDING A FORM
7998 B<application/x-www-form-urlencoded>, B<multipart/form-data>
8000 =item CREATING A TEXT FIELD
8004 =item CREATING A BIG TEXT FIELD
8006 =item CREATING A PASSWORD FIELD
8008 =item CREATING A FILE UPLOAD FIELD
8012 =item CREATING A POPUP MENU
8014 =item CREATING A SCROLLING LIST
8018 =item CREATING A GROUP OF RELATED CHECKBOXES
8022 =item CREATING A STANDALONE CHECKBOX
8026 =item CREATING A RADIO BUTTON GROUP
8030 =item CREATING A SUBMIT BUTTON
8034 =item CREATING A RESET BUTTON
8036 =item CREATING A DEFAULT BUTTON
8038 =item CREATING A HIDDEN FIELD
8042 =item CREATING A CLICKABLE IMAGE BUTTON
8046 =item CREATING A JAVASCRIPT ACTION BUTTON
8052 1. an expiration time, 2. a domain, 3. a path, 4. a "secure" flag,
8053 B<-name>, B<-value>, B<-path>, B<-domain>, B<-expires>, B<-secure>
8055 =item WORKING WITH FRAMES
8057 1. Create a <Frameset> document, 2. Specify the destination for the
8058 document in the HTTP header, 3. Specify the destination for the document in
8061 =item LIMITED SUPPORT FOR CASCADING STYLE SHEETS
8067 =item DUMPING OUT ALL THE NAME/VALUE PAIRS
8071 =item FETCHING ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
8073 B<Accept()>, B<raw_cookie()>, B<user_agent()>, B<path_info()>,
8074 B<path_translated()>, B<remote_host()>, B<script_name()>, B<referer()>,
8075 B<auth_type ()>, B<server_name ()>, B<virtual_host ()>, B<server_port ()>,
8076 B<server_software ()>, B<remote_user ()>, B<user_name ()>,
8077 B<request_method()>, B<content_type()>, B<http()>, B<https()>
8079 =item USING NPH SCRIPTS
8081 In the B<use> statement, By calling the B<nph()> method:, By using B<-nph>
8086 multipart_init(), multipart_start(), multipart_end(), multipart_final()
8088 =item Avoiding Denial of Service Attacks
8090 B<$CGI::POST_MAX>, B<$CGI::DISABLE_UPLOADS>, B<1. On a script-by-script
8091 basis>, B<2. Globally for all scripts>
8093 =item COMPATIBILITY WITH CGI-LIB.PL
8095 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
8099 Matt Heffron (heffron@falstaff.css.beckman.com), James Taylor
8100 (james.taylor@srs.gov), Scott Anguish <sanguish@digifix.com>, Mike Jewell
8101 (mlj3u@virginia.edu), Timothy Shimmin (tes@kbs.citri.edu.au), Joergen Haegg
8102 (jh@axis.se), Laurent Delfosse (delfosse@delfosse.com), Richard Resnick
8103 (applepi1@aol.com), Craig Bishop (csb@barwonwater.vic.gov.au), Tony Curtis
8104 (tc@vcpc.univie.ac.at), Tim Bunce (Tim.Bunce@ig.co.uk), Tom Christiansen
8105 (tchrist@convex.com), Andreas Koenig (k@franz.ww.TU-Berlin.DE), Tim
8106 MacKenzie (Tim.MacKenzie@fulcrum.com.au), Kevin B. Hendricks
8107 (kbhend@dogwood.tyler.wm.edu), Stephen Dahmen (joyfire@inxpress.net), Ed
8108 Jordan (ed@fidalgo.net), David Alan Pisoni (david@cnation.com), Doug
8109 MacEachern (dougm@opengroup.org), Robin Houston (robin@oneworld.org),
8110 ...and many many more..
8112 =item A COMPLETE EXAMPLE OF A SIMPLE FORM-BASED SCRIPT
8120 =head2 CGI::Apache - Backward compatibility module for CGI.pm
8130 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
8138 =head2 CGI::Carp, B<CGI::Carp> - CGI routines for writing to the HTTPD (or
8147 =item REDIRECTING ERROR MESSAGES
8149 =item MAKING PERL ERRORS APPEAR IN THE BROWSER WINDOW
8153 =item Changing the default message
8157 =item MAKING WARNINGS APPEAR AS HTML COMMENTS
8167 =head2 CGI::Cookie - Interface to Netscape Cookies
8175 =item USING CGI::Cookie
8177 B<1. expiration date>, B<2. domain>, B<3. path>, B<4. secure flag>
8181 =item Creating New Cookies
8183 =item Sending the Cookie to the Browser
8185 =item Recovering Previous Cookies
8187 =item Manipulating Cookies
8189 B<name()>, B<value()>, B<domain()>, B<path()>, B<expires()>
8193 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
8201 =head2 CGI::Fast - CGI Interface for Fast CGI
8209 =item OTHER PIECES OF THE PUZZLE
8211 =item WRITING FASTCGI PERL SCRIPTS
8213 =item INSTALLING FASTCGI SCRIPTS
8215 =item USING FASTCGI SCRIPTS AS CGI SCRIPTS
8219 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
8227 =head2 CGI::Pretty - module to produce nicely formatted HTML code
8237 =item Tags that won't be formatted
8239 =item Customizing the Indenting
8251 =head2 CGI::Push - Simple Interface to Server Push
8259 =item USING CGI::Push
8261 -next_page, -last_page, -type, -delay, -cookie, -target, -expires, -nph
8265 =item Heterogeneous Pages
8267 =item Changing the Page Delay on the Fly
8271 =item INSTALLING CGI::Push SCRIPTS
8273 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
8281 =head2 CGI::Switch - Backward compatibility module for defunct CGI::Switch
8291 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
8299 =head2 CGI::Util - Internal utilities used by CGI module
8307 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
8313 =head2 CPAN - query, download and build perl modules from CPAN sites
8323 =item Interactive Mode
8325 Searching for authors, bundles, distribution files and modules, make, test,
8326 install, clean modules or distributions, get, readme, look module or
8327 distribution, ls author, Signals
8335 =item The four C<CPAN::*> Classes: Author, Bundle, Module, Distribution
8337 =item Programmer's interface
8339 expand($type,@things), expandany(@things), Programming Examples
8341 =item Methods in the other Classes
8343 CPAN::Author::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Author::as_string(),
8344 CPAN::Author::email(), CPAN::Author::fullname(), CPAN::Author::name(),
8345 CPAN::Bundle::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Bundle::as_string(),
8346 CPAN::Bundle::clean(), CPAN::Bundle::contains(),
8347 CPAN::Bundle::force($method,@args), CPAN::Bundle::get(),
8348 CPAN::Bundle::inst_file(), CPAN::Bundle::inst_version(),
8349 CPAN::Bundle::uptodate(), CPAN::Bundle::install(), CPAN::Bundle::make(),
8350 CPAN::Bundle::readme(), CPAN::Bundle::test(),
8351 CPAN::Distribution::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Distribution::as_string(),
8352 CPAN::Distribution::clean(), CPAN::Distribution::containsmods(),
8353 CPAN::Distribution::cvs_import(), CPAN::Distribution::dir(),
8354 CPAN::Distribution::force($method,@args), CPAN::Distribution::get(),
8355 CPAN::Distribution::install(), CPAN::Distribution::isa_perl(),
8356 CPAN::Distribution::look(), CPAN::Distribution::make(),
8357 CPAN::Distribution::prereq_pm(), CPAN::Distribution::readme(),
8358 CPAN::Distribution::test(), CPAN::Distribution::uptodate(),
8359 CPAN::Index::force_reload(), CPAN::Index::reload(), CPAN::InfoObj::dump(),
8360 CPAN::Module::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Module::as_string(),
8361 CPAN::Module::clean(), CPAN::Module::cpan_file(),
8362 CPAN::Module::cpan_version(), CPAN::Module::cvs_import(),
8363 CPAN::Module::description(), CPAN::Module::force($method,@args),
8364 CPAN::Module::get(), CPAN::Module::inst_file(),
8365 CPAN::Module::inst_version(), CPAN::Module::install(),
8366 CPAN::Module::look(), CPAN::Module::make(),
8367 CPAN::Module::manpage_headline(), CPAN::Module::readme(),
8368 CPAN::Module::test(), CPAN::Module::uptodate(), CPAN::Module::userid()
8376 =item Finding packages and VERSION
8380 =item Floppy, Zip, Offline Mode
8386 C<o conf E<lt>scalar optionE<gt>>, C<o conf E<lt>scalar optionE<gt>
8387 E<lt>valueE<gt>>, C<o conf E<lt>list optionE<gt>>, C<o conf E<lt>list
8388 optionE<gt> [shift|pop]>, C<o conf E<lt>list optionE<gt>
8389 [unshift|push|splice] E<lt>listE<gt>>
8393 =item Note on urllist parameter's format
8395 =item urllist parameter has CD-ROM support
8403 =item POPULATE AN INSTALLATION WITH LOTS OF MODULES
8405 =item WORKING WITH CPAN.pm BEHIND FIREWALLS
8409 =item Three basic types of firewalls
8411 http firewall, ftp firewall, One way visibility, SOCKS, IP Masquerade
8413 =item Configuring lynx or ncftp for going through a firewall
8419 1), 2), 3), 4), 5), 6), 7), 8), 9), 10)
8431 =head2 CPAN::FirstTime - Utility for CPAN::Config file Initialization
8441 =head2 CPANox, CPAN::Nox - Wrapper around CPAN.pm without using any XS
8454 =head2 Carp, carp - warn of errors (from perspective of caller)
8464 =item Forcing a Stack Trace
8472 =head2 Carp::Heavy, Carp heavy machinery - no user serviceable parts inside
8474 =head2 Class::ISA -- report the search path for a class's ISA tree
8484 the function Class::ISA::super_path($CLASS), the function
8485 Class::ISA::self_and_super_path($CLASS), the function
8486 Class::ISA::self_and_super_versions($CLASS)
8488 =item CAUTIONARY NOTES
8496 =head2 Class::Struct - declare struct-like datatypes as Perl classes
8506 =item The C<struct()> function
8508 =item Class Creation at Compile Time
8510 =item Element Types and Accessor Methods
8512 Scalar (C<'$'> or C<'*$'>), Array (C<'@'> or C<'*@'>), Hash (C<'%'> or
8513 C<'*%'>), Class (C<'Class_Name'> or C<'*Class_Name'>)
8515 =item Initializing with C<new>
8521 Example 1, Example 2, Example 3
8523 =item Author and Modification History
8527 =head2 Config - access Perl configuration information
8535 myconfig(), config_sh(), config_vars(@names)
8547 C<_a>, C<_exe>, C<_o>
8551 C<afs>, C<afsroot>, C<alignbytes>, C<ansi2knr>, C<aphostname>,
8552 C<api_revision>, C<api_subversion>, C<api_version>, C<api_versionstring>,
8553 C<ar>, C<archlib>, C<archlibexp>, C<archname64>, C<archname>, C<archobjs>,
8558 C<baserev>, C<bash>, C<bin>, C<bincompat5005>, C<binexp>, C<bison>,
8559 C<byacc>, C<byteorder>
8563 C<c>, C<castflags>, C<cat>, C<cc>, C<cccdlflags>, C<ccdlflags>, C<ccflags>,
8564 C<ccflags_uselargefiles>, C<ccname>, C<ccsymbols>, C<ccversion>, C<cf_by>,
8565 C<cf_email>, C<cf_time>, C<charsize>, C<chgrp>, C<chmod>, C<chown>,
8566 C<clocktype>, C<comm>, C<compress>, C<contains>, C<cp>, C<cpio>, C<cpp>,
8567 C<cpp_stuff>, C<cppccsymbols>, C<cppflags>, C<cpplast>, C<cppminus>,
8568 C<cpprun>, C<cppstdin>, C<cppsymbols>, C<cryptlib>, C<csh>
8572 C<d__fwalk>, C<d_access>, C<d_accessx>, C<d_alarm>, C<d_archlib>,
8573 C<d_atolf>, C<d_atoll>, C<d_attribut>, C<d_bcmp>, C<d_bcopy>,
8574 C<d_bincompat5005>, C<d_bsd>, C<d_bsdgetpgrp>, C<d_bsdsetpgrp>, C<d_bzero>,
8575 C<d_casti32>, C<d_castneg>, C<d_charvspr>, C<d_chown>, C<d_chroot>,
8576 C<d_chsize>, C<d_closedir>, C<d_cmsghdr_s>, C<d_const>, C<d_crypt>,
8577 C<d_csh>, C<d_cuserid>, C<d_dbl_dig>, C<d_dbminitproto>, C<d_difftime>,
8578 C<d_dirnamlen>, C<d_dlerror>, C<d_dlopen>, C<d_dlsymun>, C<d_dosuid>,
8579 C<d_drand48proto>, C<d_dup2>, C<d_eaccess>, C<d_endgrent>, C<d_endhent>,
8580 C<d_endnent>, C<d_endpent>, C<d_endpwent>, C<d_endsent>, C<d_eofnblk>,
8581 C<d_eunice>, C<d_fchmod>, C<d_fchown>, C<d_fcntl>, C<d_fcntl_can_lock>,
8582 C<d_fd_macros>, C<d_fd_set>, C<d_fds_bits>, C<d_fgetpos>, C<d_flexfnam>,
8583 C<d_flock>, C<d_flockproto>, C<d_fork>, C<d_fpathconf>, C<d_fpos64_t>,
8584 C<d_frexpl>, C<d_fs_data_s>, C<d_fseeko>, C<d_fsetpos>, C<d_fstatfs>,
8585 C<d_fstatvfs>, C<d_fsync>, C<d_ftello>, C<d_ftime>, C<d_Gconvert>,
8586 C<d_getcwd>, C<d_getespwnam>, C<d_getfsstat>, C<d_getgrent>, C<d_getgrps>,
8587 C<d_gethbyaddr>, C<d_gethbyname>, C<d_gethent>, C<d_gethname>,
8588 C<d_gethostprotos>, C<d_getitimer>, C<d_getlogin>, C<d_getmnt>,
8589 C<d_getmntent>, C<d_getnbyaddr>, C<d_getnbyname>, C<d_getnent>,
8590 C<d_getnetprotos>, C<d_getpagsz>, C<d_getpbyname>, C<d_getpbynumber>,
8591 C<d_getpent>, C<d_getpgid>, C<d_getpgrp2>, C<d_getpgrp>, C<d_getppid>,
8592 C<d_getprior>, C<d_getprotoprotos>, C<d_getprpwnam>, C<d_getpwent>,
8593 C<d_getsbyname>, C<d_getsbyport>, C<d_getsent>, C<d_getservprotos>,
8594 C<d_getspnam>, C<d_gettimeod>, C<d_gnulibc>, C<d_grpasswd>, C<d_hasmntopt>,
8595 C<d_htonl>, C<d_iconv>, C<d_index>, C<d_inetaton>, C<d_int64_t>,
8596 C<d_isascii>, C<d_isnan>, C<d_isnanl>, C<d_killpg>, C<d_lchown>,
8597 C<d_ldbl_dig>, C<d_link>, C<d_locconv>, C<d_lockf>, C<d_longdbl>,
8598 C<d_longlong>, C<d_lseekproto>, C<d_lstat>, C<d_madvise>, C<d_mblen>,
8599 C<d_mbstowcs>, C<d_mbtowc>, C<d_memchr>, C<d_memcmp>, C<d_memcpy>,
8600 C<d_memmove>, C<d_memset>, C<d_mkdir>, C<d_mkdtemp>, C<d_mkfifo>,
8601 C<d_mkstemp>, C<d_mkstemps>, C<d_mktime>, C<d_mmap>, C<d_modfl>,
8602 C<d_modfl_pow32_bug>, C<d_mprotect>, C<d_msg>, C<d_msg_ctrunc>,
8603 C<d_msg_dontroute>, C<d_msg_oob>, C<d_msg_peek>, C<d_msg_proxy>,
8604 C<d_msgctl>, C<d_msgget>, C<d_msghdr_s>, C<d_msgrcv>, C<d_msgsnd>,
8605 C<d_msync>, C<d_munmap>, C<d_mymalloc>, C<d_nice>, C<d_nv_preserves_uv>,
8606 C<d_nv_preserves_uv_bits>, C<d_off64_t>, C<d_old_pthread_create_joinable>,
8607 C<d_oldpthreads>, C<d_oldsock>, C<d_open3>, C<d_pathconf>, C<d_pause>,
8608 C<d_perl_otherlibdirs>, C<d_phostname>, C<d_pipe>, C<d_poll>,
8609 C<d_portable>, C<d_PRId64>, C<d_PRIeldbl>, C<d_PRIEUldbl>, C<d_PRIfldbl>,
8610 C<d_PRIFUldbl>, C<d_PRIgldbl>, C<d_PRIGUldbl>, C<d_PRIi64>, C<d_PRIo64>,
8611 C<d_PRIu64>, C<d_PRIx64>, C<d_PRIXU64>, C<d_pthread_yield>, C<d_pwage>,
8612 C<d_pwchange>, C<d_pwclass>, C<d_pwcomment>, C<d_pwexpire>, C<d_pwgecos>,
8613 C<d_pwpasswd>, C<d_pwquota>, C<d_qgcvt>, C<d_quad>, C<d_readdir>,
8614 C<d_readlink>, C<d_readv>, C<d_realpath>, C<d_recvmsg>, C<d_rename>,
8615 C<d_rewinddir>, C<d_rmdir>, C<d_safebcpy>, C<d_safemcpy>, C<d_sanemcmp>,
8616 C<d_sbrkproto>, C<d_sched_yield>, C<d_scm_rights>, C<d_SCNfldbl>,
8617 C<d_seekdir>, C<d_select>, C<d_sem>, C<d_semctl>, C<d_semctl_semid_ds>,
8618 C<d_semctl_semun>, C<d_semget>, C<d_semop>, C<d_sendmsg>, C<d_setegid>,
8619 C<d_seteuid>, C<d_setgrent>, C<d_setgrps>, C<d_sethent>, C<d_setitimer>,
8620 C<d_setlinebuf>, C<d_setlocale>, C<d_setnent>, C<d_setpent>, C<d_setpgid>,
8621 C<d_setpgrp2>, C<d_setpgrp>, C<d_setprior>, C<d_setproctitle>,
8622 C<d_setpwent>, C<d_setregid>, C<d_setresgid>, C<d_setresuid>,
8623 C<d_setreuid>, C<d_setrgid>, C<d_setruid>, C<d_setsent>, C<d_setsid>,
8624 C<d_setvbuf>, C<d_sfio>, C<d_shm>, C<d_shmat>, C<d_shmatprototype>,
8625 C<d_shmctl>, C<d_shmdt>, C<d_shmget>, C<d_sigaction>, C<d_sigprocmask>,
8626 C<d_sigsetjmp>, C<d_sockatmark>, C<d_sockatmarkproto>, C<d_socket>,
8627 C<d_socklen_t>, C<d_sockpair>, C<d_socks5_init>, C<d_sqrtl>,
8628 C<d_sresgproto>, C<d_sresuproto>, C<d_statblks>, C<d_statfs_f_flags>,
8629 C<d_statfs_s>, C<d_statvfs>, C<d_stdio_cnt_lval>, C<d_stdio_ptr_lval>,
8630 C<d_stdio_ptr_lval_nochange_cnt>, C<d_stdio_ptr_lval_sets_cnt>,
8631 C<d_stdio_stream_array>, C<d_stdiobase>, C<d_stdstdio>, C<d_strchr>,
8632 C<d_strcoll>, C<d_strctcpy>, C<d_strerrm>, C<d_strerror>, C<d_strftime>,
8633 C<d_strtod>, C<d_strtol>, C<d_strtold>, C<d_strtoll>, C<d_strtoq>,
8634 C<d_strtoul>, C<d_strtoull>, C<d_strtouq>, C<d_strxfrm>, C<d_suidsafe>,
8635 C<d_symlink>, C<d_syscall>, C<d_syscallproto>, C<d_sysconf>,
8636 C<d_sysernlst>, C<d_syserrlst>, C<d_system>, C<d_tcgetpgrp>,
8637 C<d_tcsetpgrp>, C<d_telldir>, C<d_telldirproto>, C<d_time>, C<d_times>,
8638 C<d_truncate>, C<d_tzname>, C<d_u32align>, C<d_ualarm>, C<d_umask>,
8639 C<d_uname>, C<d_union_semun>, C<d_usleep>, C<d_usleepproto>, C<d_ustat>,
8640 C<d_vendorarch>, C<d_vendorbin>, C<d_vendorlib>, C<d_vfork>,
8641 C<d_void_closedir>, C<d_voidsig>, C<d_voidtty>, C<d_volatile>,
8642 C<d_vprintf>, C<d_wait4>, C<d_waitpid>, C<d_wcstombs>, C<d_wctomb>,
8643 C<d_writev>, C<d_xenix>, C<date>, C<db_hashtype>, C<db_prefixtype>,
8644 C<db_version_major>, C<db_version_minor>, C<db_version_patch>,
8645 C<defvoidused>, C<direntrytype>, C<dlext>, C<dlsrc>, C<doublesize>,
8646 C<drand01>, C<dynamic_ext>
8650 C<eagain>, C<ebcdic>, C<echo>, C<egrep>, C<emacs>, C<eunicefix>,
8651 C<exe_ext>, C<expr>, C<extensions>
8655 C<fflushall>, C<fflushNULL>, C<find>, C<firstmakefile>, C<flex>,
8656 C<fpossize>, C<fpostype>, C<freetype>, C<from>, C<full_ar>, C<full_csh>,
8661 C<gccosandvers>, C<gccversion>, C<gidformat>, C<gidsign>, C<gidsize>,
8662 C<gidtype>, C<glibpth>, C<grep>, C<groupcat>, C<groupstype>, C<gzip>
8666 C<h_fcntl>, C<h_sysfile>, C<hint>, C<hostcat>
8670 C<i16size>, C<i16type>, C<i32size>, C<i32type>, C<i64size>, C<i64type>,
8671 C<i8size>, C<i8type>, C<i_arpainet>, C<i_bsdioctl>, C<i_db>, C<i_dbm>,
8672 C<i_dirent>, C<i_dld>, C<i_dlfcn>, C<i_fcntl>, C<i_float>, C<i_gdbm>,
8673 C<i_grp>, C<i_iconv>, C<i_ieeefp>, C<i_inttypes>, C<i_libutil>,
8674 C<i_limits>, C<i_locale>, C<i_machcthr>, C<i_malloc>, C<i_math>,
8675 C<i_memory>, C<i_mntent>, C<i_ndbm>, C<i_netdb>, C<i_neterrno>,
8676 C<i_netinettcp>, C<i_niin>, C<i_poll>, C<i_prot>, C<i_pthread>, C<i_pwd>,
8677 C<i_rpcsvcdbm>, C<i_sfio>, C<i_sgtty>, C<i_shadow>, C<i_socks>,
8678 C<i_stdarg>, C<i_stddef>, C<i_stdlib>, C<i_string>, C<i_sunmath>,
8679 C<i_sysaccess>, C<i_sysdir>, C<i_sysfile>, C<i_sysfilio>, C<i_sysin>,
8680 C<i_sysioctl>, C<i_syslog>, C<i_sysmman>, C<i_sysmode>, C<i_sysmount>,
8681 C<i_sysndir>, C<i_sysparam>, C<i_sysresrc>, C<i_syssecrt>, C<i_sysselct>,
8682 C<i_syssockio>, C<i_sysstat>, C<i_sysstatfs>, C<i_sysstatvfs>,
8683 C<i_systime>, C<i_systimek>, C<i_systimes>, C<i_systypes>, C<i_sysuio>,
8684 C<i_sysun>, C<i_sysutsname>, C<i_sysvfs>, C<i_syswait>, C<i_termio>,
8685 C<i_termios>, C<i_time>, C<i_unistd>, C<i_ustat>, C<i_utime>, C<i_values>,
8686 C<i_varargs>, C<i_varhdr>, C<i_vfork>, C<ignore_versioned_solibs>,
8687 C<inc_version_list>, C<inc_version_list_init>, C<incpath>, C<inews>,
8688 C<installarchlib>, C<installbin>, C<installman1dir>, C<installman3dir>,
8689 C<installprefix>, C<installprefixexp>, C<installprivlib>, C<installscript>,
8690 C<installsitearch>, C<installsitebin>, C<installsitelib>, C<installstyle>,
8691 C<installusrbinperl>, C<installvendorarch>, C<installvendorbin>,
8692 C<installvendorlib>, C<intsize>, C<issymlink>, C<ivdformat>, C<ivsize>,
8697 C<known_extensions>, C<ksh>
8701 C<ld>, C<lddlflags>, C<ldflags>, C<ldflags_uselargefiles>, C<ldlibpthname>,
8702 C<less>, C<lib_ext>, C<libc>, C<libperl>, C<libpth>, C<libs>, C<libsdirs>,
8703 C<libsfiles>, C<libsfound>, C<libspath>, C<libswanted>,
8704 C<libswanted_uselargefiles>, C<line>, C<lint>, C<lkflags>, C<ln>, C<lns>,
8705 C<locincpth>, C<loclibpth>, C<longdblsize>, C<longlongsize>, C<longsize>,
8706 C<lp>, C<lpr>, C<ls>, C<lseeksize>, C<lseektype>
8710 C<mail>, C<mailx>, C<make>, C<make_set_make>, C<mallocobj>, C<mallocsrc>,
8711 C<malloctype>, C<man1dir>, C<man1direxp>, C<man1ext>, C<man3dir>,
8712 C<man3direxp>, C<man3ext>
8716 C<Mcc>, C<mips_type>, C<mkdir>, C<mmaptype>, C<modetype>, C<more>,
8717 C<multiarch>, C<mv>, C<myarchname>, C<mydomain>, C<myhostname>, C<myuname>
8721 C<n>, C<need_va_copy>, C<netdb_hlen_type>, C<netdb_host_type>,
8722 C<netdb_name_type>, C<netdb_net_type>, C<nm>, C<nm_opt>, C<nm_so_opt>,
8723 C<nonxs_ext>, C<nroff>, C<nveformat>, C<nvEUformat>, C<nvfformat>,
8724 C<nvFUformat>, C<nvgformat>, C<nvGUformat>, C<nvsize>, C<nvtype>
8728 C<o_nonblock>, C<obj_ext>, C<old_pthread_create_joinable>, C<optimize>,
8729 C<orderlib>, C<osname>, C<osvers>, C<otherlibdirs>
8733 C<package>, C<pager>, C<passcat>, C<patchlevel>, C<path_sep>, C<perl5>,
8734 C<perl>, C<perl_patchlevel>
8738 C<PERL_REVISION>, C<PERL_SUBVERSION>, C<PERL_VERSION>, C<perladmin>,
8739 C<perllibs>, C<perlpath>, C<pg>, C<phostname>, C<pidtype>, C<plibpth>,
8740 C<pm_apiversion>, C<pmake>, C<pr>, C<prefix>, C<prefixexp>, C<privlib>,
8741 C<privlibexp>, C<prototype>, C<ptrsize>
8745 C<quadkind>, C<quadtype>
8749 C<randbits>, C<randfunc>, C<randseedtype>, C<ranlib>, C<rd_nodata>,
8750 C<revision>, C<rm>, C<rmail>, C<run>, C<runnm>
8754 C<sched_yield>, C<scriptdir>, C<scriptdirexp>, C<sed>, C<seedfunc>,
8755 C<selectminbits>, C<selecttype>, C<sendmail>, C<sh>, C<shar>, C<sharpbang>,
8756 C<shmattype>, C<shortsize>, C<shrpenv>, C<shsharp>, C<sig_count>,
8757 C<sig_name>, C<sig_name_init>, C<sig_num>, C<sig_num_init>, C<sig_size>,
8758 C<signal_t>, C<sitearch>, C<sitearchexp>, C<sitebin>, C<sitebinexp>,
8759 C<sitelib>, C<sitelib_stem>, C<sitelibexp>, C<siteprefix>,
8760 C<siteprefixexp>, C<sizesize>, C<sizetype>, C<sleep>, C<smail>, C<so>,
8761 C<sockethdr>, C<socketlib>, C<socksizetype>, C<sort>, C<spackage>,
8762 C<spitshell>, C<sPRId64>, C<sPRIeldbl>, C<sPRIEUldbl>, C<sPRIfldbl>,
8763 C<sPRIFUldbl>, C<sPRIgldbl>, C<sPRIGUldbl>, C<sPRIi64>, C<sPRIo64>,
8764 C<sPRIu64>, C<sPRIx64>, C<sPRIXU64>, C<src>, C<sSCNfldbl>, C<ssizetype>,
8765 C<startperl>, C<startsh>, C<static_ext>, C<stdchar>, C<stdio_base>,
8766 C<stdio_bufsiz>, C<stdio_cnt>, C<stdio_filbuf>, C<stdio_ptr>,
8767 C<stdio_stream_array>, C<strings>, C<submit>, C<subversion>, C<sysman>
8771 C<tail>, C<tar>, C<targetarch>, C<tbl>, C<tee>, C<test>, C<timeincl>,
8772 C<timetype>, C<to>, C<touch>, C<tr>, C<trnl>, C<troff>
8776 C<u16size>, C<u16type>, C<u32size>, C<u32type>, C<u64size>, C<u64type>,
8777 C<u8size>, C<u8type>, C<uidformat>, C<uidsign>, C<uidsize>, C<uidtype>,
8778 C<uname>, C<uniq>, C<uquadtype>, C<use5005threads>, C<use64bitall>,
8779 C<use64bitint>, C<usecrosscompile>, C<usedl>, C<useithreads>,
8780 C<uselargefiles>, C<uselongdouble>, C<usemorebits>, C<usemultiplicity>,
8781 C<usemymalloc>, C<usenm>, C<useopcode>, C<useperlio>, C<useposix>,
8782 C<usereentrant>, C<usesfio>, C<useshrplib>, C<usesocks>, C<usethreads>,
8783 C<usevendorprefix>, C<usevfork>, C<usrinc>, C<uuname>, C<uvoformat>,
8784 C<uvsize>, C<uvtype>, C<uvuformat>, C<uvxformat>, C<uvXUformat>
8788 C<vendorarch>, C<vendorarchexp>, C<vendorbin>, C<vendorbinexp>,
8789 C<vendorlib>, C<vendorlib_stem>, C<vendorlibexp>, C<vendorprefix>,
8790 C<vendorprefixexp>, C<version>, C<versiononly>, C<vi>, C<voidflags>
8794 C<xlibpth>, C<xs_apiversion>
8798 C<yacc>, C<yaccflags>
8810 =head2 Cwd - get pathname of current working directory
8820 =head2 DB - programmatic interface to the Perl debugging API (draft,
8832 =item Global Variables
8834 $DB::sub, %DB::sub, $DB::single, $DB::signal, $DB::trace, @DB::args,
8835 @DB::dbline, %DB::dbline, $DB::package, $DB::filename, $DB::subname,
8840 CLIENT->register(), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->skippkg('D::hide'),
8841 CLIENT->run(), CLIENT->step(), CLIENT->next(), CLIENT->done()
8843 =item Client Callback Methods
8845 CLIENT->init(), CLIENT->prestop([STRING]), CLIENT->stop(), CLIENT->idle(),
8846 CLIENT->poststop([STRING]), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->cleanup(),
8847 CLIENT->output(LIST)
8857 =head2 DB_File - Perl5 access to Berkeley DB version 1.x
8865 B<DB_HASH>, B<DB_BTREE>, B<DB_RECNO>
8869 =item Using DB_File with Berkeley DB version 2 or 3
8871 =item Interface to Berkeley DB
8873 =item Opening a Berkeley DB Database File
8875 =item Default Parameters
8877 =item In Memory Databases
8885 =item A Simple Example
8893 =item Changing the BTREE sort order
8895 =item Handling Duplicate Keys
8897 =item The get_dup() Method
8899 =item The find_dup() Method
8901 =item The del_dup() Method
8903 =item Matching Partial Keys
8911 =item The 'bval' Option
8913 =item A Simple Example
8915 =item Extra RECNO Methods
8917 B<$X-E<gt>push(list) ;>, B<$value = $X-E<gt>pop ;>, B<$X-E<gt>shift>,
8918 B<$X-E<gt>unshift(list) ;>, B<$X-E<gt>length>, B<$X-E<gt>splice(offset,
8921 =item Another Example
8925 =item THE API INTERFACE
8927 B<$status = $X-E<gt>get($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status =
8928 $X-E<gt>put($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>del($key [,
8929 $flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>fd ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>seq($key,
8930 $value, $flags) ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>sync([$flags]) ;>
8934 B<filter_store_key>, B<filter_store_value>, B<filter_fetch_key>,
8935 B<filter_fetch_value>
8941 =item An Example -- the NULL termination problem.
8943 =item Another Example -- Key is a C int.
8947 =item HINTS AND TIPS
8951 =item Locking: The Trouble with fd
8953 =item Safe ways to lock a database
8955 B<Tie::DB_Lock>, B<Tie::DB_LockFile>, B<DB_File::Lock>
8957 =item Sharing Databases With C Applications
8959 =item The untie() Gotcha
8963 =item COMMON QUESTIONS
8967 =item Why is there Perl source in my database?
8969 =item How do I store complex data structures with DB_File?
8971 =item What does "Invalid Argument" mean?
8973 =item What does "Bareword 'DB_File' not allowed" mean?
8993 =head2 Data::Dumper - stringified perl data structures, suitable for both
8994 printing and C<eval>
9006 I<PACKAGE>->new(I<ARRAYREF [>, I<ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Dump I<or>
9007 I<PACKAGE>->Dump(I<ARRAYREF [>, I<ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Seen(I<[HASHREF]>),
9008 I<$OBJ>->Values(I<[ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Names(I<[ARRAYREF]>),
9015 =item Configuration Variables or Methods
9017 $Data::Dumper::Indent I<or> I<$OBJ>->Indent(I<[NEWVAL]>),
9018 $Data::Dumper::Purity I<or> I<$OBJ>->Purity(I<[NEWVAL]>),
9019 $Data::Dumper::Pad I<or> I<$OBJ>->Pad(I<[NEWVAL]>),
9020 $Data::Dumper::Varname I<or> I<$OBJ>->Varname(I<[NEWVAL]>),
9021 $Data::Dumper::Useqq I<or> I<$OBJ>->Useqq(I<[NEWVAL]>),
9022 $Data::Dumper::Terse I<or> I<$OBJ>->Terse(I<[NEWVAL]>),
9023 $Data::Dumper::Freezer I<or> $I<OBJ>->Freezer(I<[NEWVAL]>),
9024 $Data::Dumper::Toaster I<or> $I<OBJ>->Toaster(I<[NEWVAL]>),
9025 $Data::Dumper::Deepcopy I<or> $I<OBJ>->Deepcopy(I<[NEWVAL]>),
9026 $Data::Dumper::Quotekeys I<or> $I<OBJ>->Quotekeys(I<[NEWVAL]>),
9027 $Data::Dumper::Bless I<or> $I<OBJ>->Bless(I<[NEWVAL]>),
9028 $Data::Dumper::Maxdepth I<or> $I<OBJ>->Maxdepth(I<[NEWVAL]>)
9048 =head2 Devel::DProf - a Perl code profiler
9056 =item PROFILE FORMAT
9068 =head2 Devel::Peek - A data debugging tool for the XS programmer
9078 =item Memory footprint debugging
9086 =item A simple scalar string
9088 =item A simple scalar number
9090 =item A simple scalar with an extra reference
9092 =item A reference to a simple scalar
9094 =item A reference to an array
9096 =item A reference to a hash
9098 =item Dumping a large array or hash
9100 =item A reference to an SV which holds a C pointer
9102 =item A reference to a subroutine
9116 =head2 Devel::SelfStubber - generate stubs for a SelfLoading module
9126 =head2 Digest:: - Modules that calculate message digests
9134 I<binary>, I<hex>, I<base64>
9138 $ctx = Digest->XXX($arg,...), $ctx = Digest->new(XXX => $arg,...), $ctx =
9139 Digest::XXX->new($arg,...), $ctx->reset, $ctx->add($data,...),
9140 $ctx->addfile($io_handle), $ctx->digest, $ctx->hexdigest, $ctx->b64digest
9148 =head2 Digest::MD5 - Perl interface to the MD5 Algorithm
9158 md5($data,...), md5_hex($data,...), md5_base64($data,...)
9162 $md5 = Digest::MD5->new, $md5->reset, $md5->add($data,...),
9163 $md5->addfile($io_handle), $md5->digest, $md5->hexdigest, $md5->b64digest
9175 =head2 DirHandle - supply object methods for directory handles
9187 =head2 Dumpvalue - provides screen dump of Perl data.
9199 C<arrayDepth>, C<hashDepth>, C<compactDump>, C<veryCompact>, C<globPrint>,
9200 C<DumpDBFiles>, C<DumpPackages>, C<DumpReused>, C<tick>, C<HighBit>,
9201 C<printUndef>, C<UsageOnly>, unctrl, subdump, bareStringify, quoteHighBit,
9206 dumpValue, dumpValues, dumpvars, set_quote, set_unctrl, compactDump,
9207 veryCompact, set, get
9213 =head2 DynaLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code
9221 @dl_library_path, @dl_resolve_using, @dl_require_symbols, @dl_librefs,
9222 @dl_modules, dl_error(), $dl_debug, dl_findfile(), dl_expandspec(),
9223 dl_load_file(), dl_unload_file(), dl_loadflags(), dl_find_symbol(),
9224 dl_find_symbol_anywhere(), dl_undef_symbols(), dl_install_xsub(),
9231 =head2 DynaLoader::XSLoader, XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into
9244 =head2 Encode - character encodings
9262 =item Characteristics of an Encoding
9264 =item Types of Encodings
9266 Fixed length 8-bit (or less) encodings, Fixed length 16-bit encodings,
9267 Fixed length 32-bit encodings, Multi-byte encodings, "Escape" encodings
9269 =item Specifying Encodings
9271 1. By name, 2. As an object
9273 =item Encoding Names
9275 The MIME name as defined in IETF RFC-XXXX, The name in the IANA registry,
9276 The name used by the the organization that defined it
9280 =item PERL ENCODING API
9284 =item Generic Encoding Interface
9286 =item Handling Malformed Data
9288 Scheme 1, Scheme 2, Other Schemes
9292 =item Other Encodings of Unicode
9294 =item Listing available encodings
9296 =item Defining Aliases
9298 As a simple string, As a qr// compiled regular expression, e.g.:, As a code
9301 =item Defining Encodings
9305 =item Encoding and IO
9307 =item Encoding How to ...
9309 IO with mixed content (faking iso-2020-*), MIME's Content-Length:, UTF-8
9310 strings in binary data, Perl/Encode wrappers on non-Unicode XS modules
9312 =item Messing with Perl's Internals
9314 is_utf8(STRING [, CHECK]), valid_utf8(STRING)
9316 =item IMPLEMENTATION CLASSES
9318 -E<gt>name, -E<gt>new_sequence, -E<gt>encode($string,$check),
9319 -E<gt>decode($octets,$check)
9323 =item Compiled Encodings
9325 .enc, .ucm, .ucm, .c, .xs, ascii and iso-8859-*, IBM-1047 and two other
9326 variants of EBCDIC, symbol and dingbats as used by Tk on X11
9334 =head2 Encode::EncodeFormat, EncodeFormat - the format of encoding tables
9335 of the Encode extension
9341 [1] B<S>, [2] B<D>, [3] B<M>, [4] B<E>
9349 =head2 Encode::Tcl - Tcl encodings
9351 =head2 EncodeFormat - the format of encoding tables of the Encode extension
9357 [1] B<S>, [2] B<D>, [3] B<M>, [4] B<E>
9365 =head2 English - use nice English (or awk) names for ugly punctuation
9378 =head2 Env - perl module that imports environment variables as scalars or
9393 =head2 Exporter - Implements default import method for modules
9405 =item Selecting What To Export
9407 =item Specialised Import Lists
9409 =item Exporting without using Export's import method
9411 =item Module Version Checking
9413 =item Managing Unknown Symbols
9415 =item Tag Handling Utility Functions
9421 =head2 Exporter::Heavy - Exporter guts
9431 =head2 ExtUtils::Command - utilities to replace common UNIX commands in
9452 mv source... destination
9454 cp source... destination
9472 =head2 ExtUtils::Constant - generate XS code to import C header constants
9482 IV, UV, NV, PV, PVN, YES, NO, UNDEF
9492 memEQ_clause NAME, CHECKED_AT, INDENT
9494 assign INDENT, TYPE, VALUE..
9496 return_clause VALUE, TYPE, INDENT, MACRO, DEFAULT
9498 switch_clause INDENT, NAMELEN, ITEMHASH, ITEM..
9504 C_constant, name, type, value, macro, default
9506 XS_constant PACKAGE, TYPES, SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME
9508 autoload PACKAGE, VERSION, AUTOLOADER
9516 =head2 ExtUtils::Embed - Utilities for embedding Perl in C/C++ applications
9528 xsinit(), Examples, ldopts(), Examples, perl_inc(), ccflags(), ccdlflags(),
9529 ccopts(), xsi_header(), xsi_protos(@modules), xsi_body(@modules)
9539 =head2 ExtUtils::Install - install files from here to there
9549 =head2 ExtUtils::Installed - Inventory management of installed modules
9561 new(), modules(), files(), directories(), directory_tree(), validate(),
9562 packlist(), version()
9570 =head2 ExtUtils::Liblist - determine libraries to use and how to use them
9578 For static extensions, For dynamic extensions, For dynamic extensions
9584 =item LDLOADLIBS and LD_RUN_PATH
9594 =item VMS implementation
9596 =item Win32 implementation
9604 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
9613 canonpath, cflags, manifypods, perl_archive
9617 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_OS2 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
9632 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Unix - methods used by ExtUtils::MakeMaker
9644 =item Preloaded methods
9664 =item SelfLoaded methods
9710 file_name_is_absolute
9716 =item Methods to actually produce chunks of text for the Makefile
9756 maybe_command_in_dirs
9794 replace_manpage_separator
9808 test_via_harness (o)
9840 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_VMS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
9851 =item Methods always loaded
9863 =item SelfLoaded methods
9865 guess_name (override)
9869 find_perl (override)
9873 maybe_command (override)
9875 maybe_command_in_dirs (override)
9877 perl_script (override)
9879 file_name_is_absolute (override)
9881 replace_manpage_separator
9883 init_others (override)
9885 constants (override)
9889 const_cccmd (override)
9891 pm_to_blib (override)
9893 tool_autosplit (override)
9895 tool_sxubpp (override)
9897 xsubpp_version (override)
9899 tools_other (override)
9909 top_targets (override)
9913 dynamic_lib (override)
9915 dynamic_bs (override)
9917 static_lib (override)
9919 manifypods (override)
9921 processPL (override)
9923 installbin (override)
9929 realclean (override)
9931 dist_basics (override)
9933 dist_core (override)
9937 dist_test (override)
9941 perldepend (override)
9947 test_via_harness (override)
9949 test_via_script (override)
9951 makeaperl (override)
9955 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Win32 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
9982 test_via_harness (o)
9984 tool_autosplit (override)
10002 =head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker - create an extension Makefile
10012 =item How To Write A Makefile.PL
10014 =item Default Makefile Behaviour
10022 =item PREFIX and LIB attribute
10026 =item Static Linking of a new Perl Binary
10028 =item Determination of Perl Library and Installation Locations
10030 =item Which architecture dependent directory?
10032 =item Using Attributes and Parameters
10034 ABSTRACT, ABSTRACT_FROM, AUTHOR, BINARY_LOCATION, C, CAPI, CCFLAGS, CONFIG,
10035 CONFIGURE, DEFINE, DIR, DISTNAME, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, EXCLUDE_EXT,
10036 EXE_FILES, FIRST_MAKEFILE, FULLPERL, FUNCLIST, H, HTMLLIBPODS,
10037 HTMLSCRIPTPODS, IMPORTS, INC, INCLUDE_EXT, INSTALLARCHLIB, INSTALLBIN,
10038 INSTALLDIRS, INSTALLHTMLPRIVLIBDIR, INSTALLHTMLSCRIPTDIR,
10039 INSTALLHTMLSITELIBDIR, INSTALLMAN1DIR, INSTALLMAN3DIR, INSTALLPRIVLIB,
10040 INSTALLSCRIPT, INSTALLSITEARCH, INSTALLSITELIB, INST_ARCHLIB, INST_BIN,
10041 INST_EXE, INST_HTMLLIBDIR, INST_HTMLSCRIPTDIR, INST_LIB, INST_MAN1DIR,
10042 INST_MAN3DIR, INST_SCRIPT, LDFROM, LIB, LIBPERL_A, LIBS, LINKTYPE,
10043 MAKEAPERL, MAKEFILE, MAN1PODS, MAN3PODS, MAP_TARGET, MYEXTLIB, NAME,
10044 NEEDS_LINKING, NOECHO, NORECURS, NO_VC, OBJECT, OPTIMIZE, PERL, PERLMAINCC,
10045 PERL_ARCHLIB, PERL_LIB, PERL_MALLOC_OK, PERL_SRC, PERM_RW, PERM_RWX,
10046 PL_FILES, PM, PMLIBDIRS, PM_FILTER, POLLUTE, PPM_INSTALL_EXEC,
10047 PPM_INSTALL_SCRIPT, PREFIX, PREREQ_PM, SKIP, TYPEMAPS, VERSION,
10048 VERSION_FROM, XS, XSOPT, XSPROTOARG, XS_VERSION
10050 =item Additional lowercase attributes
10052 clean, depend, dist, dynamic_lib, linkext, macro, realclean, test,
10055 =item Overriding MakeMaker Methods
10057 =item Hintsfile support
10059 =item Distribution Support
10061 make distcheck, make skipcheck, make distclean, make manifest,
10062 make distdir, make tardist, make dist, make uutardist, make
10063 shdist, make zipdist, make ci
10065 =item Disabling an extension
10079 =head2 ExtUtils::Manifest - utilities to write and check a MANIFEST file
10087 =item MANIFEST.SKIP
10091 =item GLOBAL VARIABLES
10095 C<Not in MANIFEST:> I<file>, C<No such file:> I<file>, C<MANIFEST:> I<$!>,
10096 C<Added to MANIFEST:> I<file>
10100 B<PERL_MM_MANIFEST_DEBUG>
10108 =head2 ExtUtils::Miniperl, writemain - write the C code for perlmain.c
10120 =head2 ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap - make a bootstrap file for use by DynaLoader
10130 =head2 ExtUtils::Mksymlists - write linker options files for dynamic
10139 DLBASE, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, FILE, FUNCLIST, IMPORTS, NAME
10147 =head2 ExtUtils::Packlist - manage .packlist files
10159 new(), read(), write(), validate(), packlist_file()
10167 =head2 ExtUtils::testlib - add blib/* directories to @INC
10177 =head2 Fatal - replace functions with equivalents which succeed or die
10189 =head2 Fcntl - load the C Fcntl.h defines
10199 =item EXPORTED SYMBOLS
10203 =head2 File::Basename, fileparse - split a pathname into pieces
10211 fileparse_set_fstype, fileparse
10215 C<basename>, C<dirname>
10219 =head2 File::CheckTree, validate - run many filetest checks on a tree
10229 =head2 File::Compare - Compare files or filehandles
10243 =head2 File::Copy - Copy files or filehandles
10253 =item Special behaviour if C<syscopy> is defined (OS/2, VMS and Win32)
10255 rmscopy($from,$to[,$date_flag])
10267 =head2 File::DosGlob - DOS like globbing and then some
10275 =item EXPORTS (by request only)
10287 =head2 File::Find, find - traverse a file tree
10295 C<wanted>, C<bydepth>, C<preprocess>, C<postprocess>, C<follow>,
10296 C<follow_fast>, C<follow_skip>, C<no_chdir>, C<untaint>,
10297 C<untaint_pattern>, C<untaint_skip>
10305 =head2 File::Glob - Perl extension for BSD glob routine
10313 C<GLOB_ERR>, C<GLOB_LIMIT>, C<GLOB_MARK>, C<GLOB_NOCASE>, C<GLOB_NOCHECK>,
10314 C<GLOB_NOSORT>, C<GLOB_BRACE>, C<GLOB_NOMAGIC>, C<GLOB_QUOTE>,
10315 C<GLOB_TILDE>, C<GLOB_CSH>, C<GLOB_ALPHASORT>
10319 C<GLOB_NOSPACE>, C<GLOB_ABEND>
10327 =head2 File::Path - create or remove directory trees
10339 =head2 File::Spec - portably perform operations on file names
10353 =head2 File::Spec::Epoc - methods for Epoc file specs
10387 =head2 File::Spec::Functions - portably perform operations on file names
10405 =head2 File::Spec::Mac - File::Spec for MacOS
10433 file_name_is_absolute
10453 =head2 File::Spec::OS2 - methods for OS/2 file specs
10463 =head2 File::Spec::Unix - methods used by File::Spec
10495 file_name_is_absolute
10517 =head2 File::Spec::VMS - methods for VMS file specs
10533 =item Methods always loaded
10535 canonpath (override)
10553 case_tolerant (override)
10557 file_name_is_absolute (override)
10559 splitpath (override)
10561 splitdir (override)
10575 =head2 File::Spec::Win32 - methods for Win32 file specs
10605 =head2 File::Temp - return name and handle of a temporary file safely
10629 =item MKTEMP FUNCTIONS
10643 =item POSIX FUNCTIONS
10653 =item ADDITIONAL FUNCTIONS
10661 =item UTILITY FUNCTIONS
10669 =item PACKAGE VARIABLES
10671 B<safe_level>, STANDARD, MEDIUM, HIGH
10683 =item Temporary files and NFS
10695 =head2 File::stat - by-name interface to Perl's built-in stat() functions
10709 =head2 FileCache - keep more files open than the system permits
10721 =head2 FileHandle - supply object methods for filehandles
10729 $fh->print, $fh->printf, $fh->getline, $fh->getlines
10735 =head2 Filter::Simple - Simplified source filtering
10749 =item Disabling or changing <no> behaviour
10751 =item All-in-one interface
10763 =head2 Filter::Util::Call - Perl Source Filter Utility Module
10773 =item B<use Filter::Util::Call>
10777 =item B<filter() and anonymous sub>
10779 B<$_>, B<$status>, B<filter_read> and B<filter_read_exact>, B<filter_del>
10787 =item Example 1: A simple filter.
10789 =item Example 2: Using the context
10791 =item Example 3: Using the context within the filter
10793 =item Example 4: Using filter_del
10797 =item Filter::Simple
10805 =head2 FindBin - Locate directory of original perl script
10813 =item EXPORTABLE VARIABLES
10823 =head2 GDBM_File - Perl5 access to the gdbm library.
10839 =head2 Getopt::Long - Extended processing of command line options
10847 =item Command Line Options, an Introduction
10849 =item Getting Started with Getopt::Long
10853 =item Simple options
10855 =item A little bit less simple options
10857 =item Mixing command line option with other arguments
10859 =item Options with values
10861 =item Options with multiple values
10863 =item Options with hash values
10865 =item User-defined subroutines to handle options
10867 =item Options with multiple names
10869 =item Case and abbreviations
10871 =item Summary of Option Specifications
10873 !, +, s, i, f, : I<type> [ I<desttype> ]
10877 =item Advanced Possibilities
10881 =item Object oriented interface
10883 =item Documentation and help texts
10885 =item Storing options in a hash
10889 =item The lonesome dash
10891 =item Argument call-back
10895 =item Configuring Getopt::Long
10897 default, posix_default, auto_abbrev, getopt_compat, gnu_compat, gnu_getopt,
10898 require_order, permute, bundling (default: disabled), bundling_override
10899 (default: disabled), ignore_case (default: enabled), ignore_case_always
10900 (default: disabled), pass_through (default: disabled), prefix,
10901 prefix_pattern, debug (default: disabled)
10903 =item Return values and Errors
10909 =item Default destinations
10911 =item Alternative option starters
10913 =item Configuration variables
10917 =item Trouble Shooting
10921 =item Warning: Ignoring '!' modifier for short option
10923 =item GetOptions does not return a false result when an option is not
10930 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER
10934 =head2 Getopt::Std, getopt - Process single-character switches with switch
10945 =head2 I18N::Collate - compare 8-bit scalar data according to the current
10956 =head2 I18N::LangTags - functions for dealing with RFC3066-style language
10967 the function is_language_tag($lang1)
10969 the function extract_language_tags($whatever)
10971 the function same_language_tag($lang1, $lang2)
10973 the function similarity_language_tag($lang1, $lang2)
10975 the function is_dialect_of($lang1, $lang2)
10977 the function super_languages($lang1)
10979 the function locale2language_tag($locale_identifier)
10981 the function encode_language_tag($lang1)
10983 the function alternate_language_tags($lang1)
10987 =item ABOUT LOWERCASING
10989 =item ABOUT UNICODE PLAINTEXT LANGUAGE TAGS
10999 =head2 I18N::LangTags::List, I18n::LangTags::List -- list of tags for human
11006 =item ABOUT LANGUAGE TAGS
11008 =item LIST OF LANGUAGES
11010 I<{ab}> : Abkhazian, I<{ace}> : Achinese, I<{ach}> : Acoli, I<{ada}> :
11011 Adangme, I<{aa}> : Afar, I<{afh}> : Afrihili, I<{af}> : Afrikaans,
11012 [I<{afa}> : Afro-Asiatic (Other)], I<{aka}> : Akan, I<{akk}> : Akkadian,
11013 I<{sq}> : Albanian, I<{ale}> : Aleut, [I<{alg}> : Algonquian languages],
11014 [I<{tut}> : Altaic (Other)], I<{am}> : Amharic, I<{i-ami}> : Ami, [I<{apa}>
11015 : Apache languages], I<{ar}> : Arabic, I<{arc}> : Aramaic, I<{arp}> :
11016 Arapaho, I<{arn}> : Araucanian, I<{arw}> : Arawak, I<{hy}> : Armenian,
11017 [I<{art}> : Artificial (Other)], I<{as}> : Assamese, [I<{ath}> : Athapascan
11018 languages], [I<{aus}> : Australian languages], [I<{map}> : Austronesian
11019 (Other)], I<{ava}> : Avaric, I<{ae}> : Avestan, I<{awa}> : Awadhi, I<{ay}>
11020 : Aymara, I<{az}> : Azerbaijani, I<{ban}> : Balinese, [I<{bat}> : Baltic
11021 (Other)], I<{bal}> : Baluchi, I<{bam}> : Bambara, [I<{bai}> : Bamileke
11022 languages], I<{bad}> : Banda, [I<{bnt}> : Bantu (Other)], I<{bas}> : Basa,
11023 I<{ba}> : Bashkir, I<{eu}> : Basque, I<{btk}> : Batak (Indonesia), I<{bej}>
11024 : Beja, I<{be}> : Belarusian, I<{bem}> : Bemba, I<{bn}> : Bengali,
11025 [I<{ber}> : Berber (Other)], I<{bho}> : Bhojpuri, I<{bh}> : Bihari,
11026 I<{bik}> : Bikol, I<{bin}> : Bini, I<{bi}> : Bislama, I<{bs}> : Bosnian,
11027 I<{bra}> : Braj, I<{br}> : Breton, I<{bug}> : Buginese, I<{bg}> :
11028 Bulgarian, I<{i-bnn}> : Bunun, I<{bua}> : Buriat, I<{my}> : Burmese,
11029 I<{cad}> : Caddo, I<{car}> : Carib, I<{ca}> : Catalan, [I<{cau}> :
11030 Caucasian (Other)], I<{ceb}> : Cebuano, [I<{cel}> : Celtic (Other)],
11031 [I<{cai}> : Central American Indian (Other)], I<{chg}> : Chagatai,
11032 [I<{cmc}> : Chamic languages], I<{ch}> : Chamorro, I<{ce}> : Chechen,
11033 I<{chr}> : Cherokee, I<{chy}> : Cheyenne, I<{chb}> : Chibcha, I<{ny}> :
11034 Chichewa, I<{zh}> : Chinese, I<{chn}> : Chinook Jargon, I<{chp}> :
11035 Chipewyan, I<{cho}> : Choctaw, I<{cu}> : Church Slavic, I<{chk}> :
11036 Chuukese, I<{cv}> : Chuvash, I<{cop}> : Coptic, I<{kw}> : Cornish, I<{co}>
11037 : Corsican, I<{cre}> : Cree, I<{mus}> : Creek, [I<{cpe}> : English-based
11038 Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [I<{cpf}> : French-based Creoles and pidgins
11039 (Other)], [I<{cpp}> : Portuguese-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)],
11040 [I<{crp}> : Creoles and pidgins (Other)], I<{hr}> : Croatian, [I<{cus}> :
11041 Cushitic (Other)], I<{cs}> : Czech, I<{dak}> : Dakota, I<{da}> : Danish,
11042 I<{day}> : Dayak, I<{i-default}> : Default (Fallthru) Language, I<{del}> :
11043 Delaware, I<{din}> : Dinka, I<{div}> : Divehi, I<{doi}> : Dogri, I<{dgr}> :
11044 Dogrib, [I<{dra}> : Dravidian (Other)], I<{dua}> : Duala, I<{nl}> : Dutch,
11045 I<{dum}> : Middle Dutch (ca.1050-1350), I<{dyu}> : Dyula, I<{dz}> :
11046 Dzongkha, I<{efi}> : Efik, I<{egy}> : Ancient Egyptian, I<{eka}> : Ekajuk,
11047 I<{elx}> : Elamite, I<{en}> : English, I<{enm}> : Old English (1100-1500),
11048 I<{ang}> : Old English (ca.450-1100), I<{eo}> : Esperanto, I<{et}> :
11049 Estonian, I<{ewe}> : Ewe, I<{ewo}> : Ewondo, I<{fan}> : Fang, I<{fat}> :
11050 Fanti, I<{fo}> : Faroese, I<{fj}> : Fijian, I<{fi}> : Finnish, [I<{fiu}> :
11051 Finno-Ugrian (Other)], I<{fon}> : Fon, I<{fr}> : French, I<{frm}> : Middle
11052 French (ca.1400-1600), I<{fro}> : Old French (842-ca.1400), I<{fy}> :
11053 Frisian, I<{fur}> : Friulian, I<{ful}> : Fulah, I<{gaa}> : Ga, I<{gd}> :
11054 Scots Gaelic, I<{gl}> : Gallegan, I<{lug}> : Ganda, I<{gay}> : Gayo,
11055 I<{gba}> : Gbaya, I<{gez}> : Geez, I<{ka}> : Georgian, I<{de}> : German,
11056 I<{gmh}> : Middle High German (ca.1050-1500), I<{goh}> : Old High German
11057 (ca.750-1050), [I<{gem}> : Germanic (Other)], I<{gil}> : Gilbertese,
11058 I<{gon}> : Gondi, I<{gor}> : Gorontalo, I<{got}> : Gothic, I<{grb}> :
11059 Grebo, I<{grc}> : Ancient Greek (to 1453), I<{el}> : Modern Greek (1453-),
11060 I<{gn}> : Guarani, I<{gu}> : Gujarati, I<{gwi}> : Gwich'in, I<{hai}> :
11061 Haida, I<{ha}> : Hausa, I<{haw}> : Hawaiian, I<{he}> : Hebrew, I<{hz}> :
11062 Herero, I<{hil}> : Hiligaynon, I<{him}> : Himachali, I<{hi}> : Hindi,
11063 I<{ho}> : Hiri Motu, I<{hit}> : Hittite, I<{hmn}> : Hmong, I<{hu}> :
11064 Hungarian, I<{hup}> : Hupa, I<{iba}> : Iban, I<{is}> : Icelandic, I<{ibo}>
11065 : Igbo, I<{ijo}> : Ijo, I<{ilo}> : Iloko, [I<{inc}> : Indic (Other)],
11066 [I<{ine}> : Indo-European (Other)], I<{id}> : Indonesian, I<{ia}> :
11067 Interlingua (International Auxiliary Language Association), I<{ie}> :
11068 Interlingue, I<{iu}> : Inuktitut, I<{ik}> : Inupiaq, [I<{ira}> : Iranian
11069 (Other)], I<{ga}> : Irish, I<{mga}> : Middle Irish (900-1200), I<{sga}> :
11070 Old Irish (to 900), [I<{iro}> : Iroquoian languages], I<{it}> : Italian,
11071 I<{ja}> : Japanese, I<{jw}> : Javanese, I<{jrb}> : Judeo-Arabic, I<{jpr}> :
11072 Judeo-Persian, I<{kab}> : Kabyle, I<{kac}> : Kachin, I<{kl}> : Kalaallisut,
11073 I<{kam}> : Kamba, I<{kn}> : Kannada, I<{kau}> : Kanuri, I<{kaa}> :
11074 Kara-Kalpak, I<{kar}> : Karen, I<{ks}> : Kashmiri, I<{kaw}> : Kawi, I<{kk}>
11075 : Kazakh, I<{kha}> : Khasi, I<{km}> : Khmer, [I<{khi}> : Khoisan (Other)],
11076 I<{kho}> : Khotanese, I<{ki}> : Kikuyu, I<{kmb}> : Kimbundu, I<{rw}> :
11077 Kinyarwanda, I<{ky}> : Kirghiz, I<{i-klingon}> : Klingon, I<{kv}> : Komi,
11078 I<{kon}> : Kongo, I<{kok}> : Konkani, I<{ko}> : Korean, I<{kos}> :
11079 Kosraean, I<{kpe}> : Kpelle, I<{kro}> : Kru, I<{kj}> : Kuanyama, I<{kum}> :
11080 Kumyk, I<{ku}> : Kurdish, I<{kru}> : Kurukh, I<{kut}> : Kutenai, I<{lad}> :
11081 Ladino, I<{lah}> : Lahnda, I<{lam}> : Lamba, I<{lo}> : Lao, I<{la}> :
11082 Latin, I<{lv}> : Latvian, I<{lb}> : Letzeburgesch, I<{lez}> : Lezghian,
11083 I<{ln}> : Lingala, I<{lt}> : Lithuanian, I<{nds}> : Low German, I<{loz}> :
11084 Lozi, I<{lub}> : Luba-Katanga, I<{lua}> : Luba-Lulua, I<{lui}> : Luiseno,
11085 I<{lun}> : Lunda, I<{luo}> : Luo (Kenya and Tanzania), I<{lus}> : Lushai,
11086 I<{mk}> : Macedonian, I<{mad}> : Madurese, I<{mag}> : Magahi, I<{mai}> :
11087 Maithili, I<{mak}> : Makasar, I<{mg}> : Malagasy, I<{ms}> : Malay, I<{ml}>
11088 : Malayalam, I<{mt}> : Maltese, I<{mnc}> : Manchu, I<{mdr}> : Mandar,
11089 I<{man}> : Mandingo, I<{mni}> : Manipuri, [I<{mno}> : Manobo languages],
11090 I<{gv}> : Manx, I<{mi}> : Maori, I<{mr}> : Marathi, I<{chm}> : Mari,
11091 I<{mh}> : Marshall, I<{mwr}> : Marwari, I<{mas}> : Masai, [I<{myn}> : Mayan
11092 languages], I<{men}> : Mende, I<{mic}> : Micmac, I<{min}> : Minangkabau,
11093 I<{i-mingo}> : Mingo, [I<{mis}> : Miscellaneous languages], I<{moh}> :
11094 Mohawk, I<{mo}> : Moldavian, [I<{mkh}> : Mon-Khmer (Other)], I<{lol}> :
11095 Mongo, I<{mn}> : Mongolian, I<{mos}> : Mossi, [I<{mul}> : Multiple
11096 languages], [I<{mun}> : Munda languages], I<{nah}> : Nahuatl, I<{na}> :
11097 Nauru, I<{nv}> : Navajo, I<{nd}> : North Ndebele, I<{nr}> : South Ndebele,
11098 I<{ng}> : Ndonga, I<{ne}> : Nepali, I<{new}> : Newari, I<{nia}> : Nias,
11099 [I<{nic}> : Niger-Kordofanian (Other)], [I<{ssa}> : Nilo-Saharan (Other)],
11100 I<{niu}> : Niuean, I<{non}> : Old Norse, [I<{nai}> : North American
11101 Indian], I<{se}> : Northern Sami, I<{no}> : Norwegian, I<{nb}> : Norwegian
11102 BokmE<aring>l, I<{nn}> : Norwegian Nynorsk, [I<{nub}> : Nubian languages],
11103 I<{nym}> : Nyamwezi, I<{nyn}> : Nyankole, I<{nyo}> : Nyoro, I<{nzi}> :
11104 Nzima, I<{oc}> : Occitan (post 1500), I<{oji}> : Ojibwa, I<{or}> : Oriya,
11105 I<{om}> : Oromo, I<{osa}> : Osage, I<{os}> : Ossetian; Ossetic, [I<{oto}> :
11106 Otomian languages], I<{pal}> : Pahlavi, I<{i-pwn}> : Paiwan, I<{pau}> :
11107 Palauan, I<{pi}> : Pali, I<{pam}> : Pampanga, I<{pag}> : Pangasinan,
11108 I<{pa}> : Panjabi, I<{pap}> : Papiamento, [I<{paa}> : Papuan (Other)],
11109 I<{fa}> : Persian, I<{peo}> : Old Persian (ca.600-400 B.C.), [I<{phi}> :
11110 Philippine (Other)], I<{phn}> : Phoenician, I<{pon}> : Pohnpeian, I<{pl}> :
11111 Polish, I<{pt}> : Portuguese, [I<{pra}> : Prakrit languages], I<{pro}> :
11112 Old ProvenE<ccedil>al (to 1500), I<{ps}> : Pushto, I<{qu}> : Quechua,
11113 I<{rm}> : Raeto-Romance, I<{raj}> : Rajasthani, I<{rap}> : Rapanui,
11114 I<{rar}> : Rarotongan, [I<{qaa}>-I<qtz> : Reserved for local use.],
11115 [I<{roa}> : Romance (Other)], I<{ro}> : Romanian, I<{rom}> : Romany,
11116 I<{rn}> : Rundi, I<{ru}> : Russian, [I<{sal}> : Salishan languages],
11117 I<{sam}> : Samaritan Aramaic, [I<{smi}> : Sami languages (Other)], I<{sm}>
11118 : Samoan, I<{sad}> : Sandawe, I<{sg}> : Sango, I<{sa}> : Sanskrit, I<{sat}>
11119 : Santali, I<{sc}> : Sardinian, I<{sas}> : Sasak, I<{sco}> : Scots,
11120 I<{sel}> : Selkup, [I<{sem}> : Semitic (Other)], I<{sr}> : Serbian,
11121 I<{srr}> : Serer, I<{shn}> : Shan, I<{sn}> : Shona, I<{sid}> : Sidamo,
11122 I<{sgn-...}> : Sign Languages, I<{bla}> : Siksika, I<{sd}> : Sindhi,
11123 I<{si}> : Sinhalese, [I<{sit}> : Sino-Tibetan (Other)], [I<{sio}> : Siouan
11124 languages], I<{den}> : Slave (Athapascan), [I<{sla}> : Slavic (Other)],
11125 I<{sk}> : Slovak, I<{sl}> : Slovenian, I<{sog}> : Sogdian, I<{so}> :
11126 Somali, I<{son}> : Songhai, I<{snk}> : Soninke, I<{wen}> : Sorbian
11127 languages, I<{nso}> : Northern Sotho, I<{st}> : Southern Sotho, [I<{sai}> :
11128 South American Indian (Other)], I<{es}> : Spanish, I<{suk}> : Sukuma,
11129 I<{sux}> : Sumerian, I<{su}> : Sundanese, I<{sus}> : Susu, I<{sw}> :
11130 Swahili, I<{ss}> : Swati, I<{sv}> : Swedish, I<{syr}> : Syriac, I<{tl}> :
11131 Tagalog, I<{ty}> : Tahitian, [I<{tai}> : Tai (Other)], I<{tg}> : Tajik,
11132 I<{tmh}> : Tamashek, I<{ta}> : Tamil, I<{i-tao}> : Tao, I<{tt}> : Tatar,
11133 I<{i-tay}> : Tayal, I<{te}> : Telugu, I<{ter}> : Tereno, I<{tet}> : Tetum,
11134 I<{th}> : Thai, I<{bo}> : Tibetan, I<{tig}> : Tigre, I<{ti}> : Tigrinya,
11135 I<{tem}> : Timne, I<{tiv}> : Tiv, I<{tli}> : Tlingit, I<{tpi}> : Tok Pisin,
11136 I<{tkl}> : Tokelau, I<{tog}> : Tonga (Nyasa), I<{to}> : Tonga (Tonga
11137 Islands), I<{tsi}> : Tsimshian, I<{ts}> : Tsonga, I<{i-tsu}> : Tsou,
11138 I<{tn}> : Tswana, I<{tum}> : Tumbuka, I<{tr}> : Turkish, I<{ota}> : Ottoman
11139 Turkish (1500-1928), I<{tk}> : Turkmen, I<{tvl}> : Tuvalu, I<{tyv}> :
11140 Tuvinian, I<{tw}> : Twi, I<{uga}> : Ugaritic, I<{ug}> : Uighur, I<{uk}> :
11141 Ukrainian, I<{umb}> : Umbundu, I<{und}> : Undetermined, I<{ur}> : Urdu,
11142 I<{uz}> : Uzbek, I<{vai}> : Vai, I<{ven}> : Venda, I<{vi}> : Vietnamese,
11143 I<{vo}> : VolapE<uuml>k, I<{vot}> : Votic, [I<{wak}> : Wakashan languages],
11144 I<{wal}> : Walamo, I<{war}> : Waray, I<{was}> : Washo, I<{cy}> : Welsh,
11145 I<{wo}> : Wolof, I<{x-...}> : Unregistered (Private Use), I<{xh}> : Xhosa,
11146 I<{sah}> : Yakut, I<{yao}> : Yao, I<{yap}> : Yapese, I<{yi}> : Yiddish,
11147 I<{yo}> : Yoruba, [I<{ypk}> : Yupik languages], I<{znd}> : Zande, [I<{zap}>
11148 : Zapotec], I<{zen}> : Zenaga, I<{za}> : Zhuang, I<{zu}> : Zulu, I<{zun}> :
11153 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER
11159 =head2 IO - load various IO modules
11169 =head2 IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory handles
11177 new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (),
11178 rewind (), close (), tie %hash, IO::Dir, DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ]
11188 =head2 IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles
11198 new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile
11202 open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] )
11210 =head2 IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O handles
11220 new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE )
11224 $io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines,
11225 $io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ), $io->error,
11226 $io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush ( ARGS ),
11227 $io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint
11239 =head2 IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes
11249 new ( [READER, WRITER] )
11253 reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles ()
11263 =head2 IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call
11273 mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ), remove (
11274 IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] )
11284 =head2 IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for I/O objects
11292 $io->getpos, $io->setpos, $io->seek ( POS, WHENCE ), WHENCE=0 (SEEK_SET),
11293 WHENCE=1 (SEEK_CUR), WHENCE=2 (SEEK_END), $io->sysseek( POS, WHENCE ),
11302 =head2 IO::Select - OO interface to the select system call
11312 new ( [ HANDLES ] )
11316 add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read (
11317 [ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ),
11318 count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, ERROR [, TIMEOUT ] )
11328 =head2 IO::Socket - Object interface to socket communications
11342 accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), atmark, connected,
11343 protocol, sockdomain, sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), socktype, timeout([VAL])
11353 =head2 IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for AF_INET domain sockets
11369 sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost
11382 =head2 IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for AF_UNIX domain sockets
11396 hostpath(), peerpath()
11406 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Dir, IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory
11415 new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (),
11416 rewind (), close (), tie %hash, IO::Dir, DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ]
11426 =head2 IO::lib::IO::File, IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles
11436 new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile
11440 open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] )
11448 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Handle, IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O
11459 new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE )
11463 $io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines,
11464 $io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ), $io->error,
11465 $io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush ( ARGS ),
11466 $io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint
11478 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Pipe, IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes
11488 new ( [READER, WRITER] )
11492 reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles ()
11502 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Poll, IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call
11512 mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ), remove (
11513 IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] )
11523 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Seekable, IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for
11532 $io->getpos, $io->setpos, $io->seek ( POS, WHENCE ), WHENCE=0 (SEEK_SET),
11533 WHENCE=1 (SEEK_CUR), WHENCE=2 (SEEK_END), $io->sysseek( POS, WHENCE ),
11542 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Select, IO::Select - OO interface to the select system
11553 new ( [ HANDLES ] )
11557 add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read (
11558 [ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ),
11559 count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, ERROR [, TIMEOUT ] )
11569 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket, IO::Socket - Object interface to socket
11584 accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), atmark, connected,
11585 protocol, sockdomain, sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), socktype, timeout([VAL])
11595 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket::INET, IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for
11596 AF_INET domain sockets
11612 sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost
11625 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket::UNIX, IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for
11626 AF_UNIX domain sockets
11640 hostpath(), peerpath()
11650 =head2 IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class
11660 new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set
11661 ( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [,
11672 =head2 IPC::Open2, open2 - open a process for both reading and writing
11686 =head2 IPC::Open3, open3 - open a process for reading, writing, and error
11699 =head2 IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object class
11709 new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ),
11710 getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ),
11711 set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N
11722 =head2 IPC::SysV - SysV IPC constants
11740 =head2 IPC::SysV::Msg, IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class
11750 new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set
11751 ( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [,
11762 =head2 IPC::SysV::Semaphore, IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object
11773 new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ),
11774 getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ),
11775 set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N
11786 =head2 List::Util - A selection of general-utility list subroutines
11794 first BLOCK LIST, max LIST, maxstr LIST, min LIST, minstr LIST, reduce
11795 BLOCK LIST, sum LIST
11797 =item SUGGESTED ADDITIONS
11803 =head2 List::Utilib::List::Util, List::Util - A selection of
11804 general-utility list subroutines
11812 first BLOCK LIST, max LIST, maxstr LIST, min LIST, minstr LIST, reduce
11813 BLOCK LIST, sum LIST
11815 =item SUGGESTED ADDITIONS
11821 =head2 List::Utilib::Scalar::Util, Scalar::Util - A selection of
11822 general-utility scalar subroutines
11830 blessed EXPR, dualvar NUM, STRING, isweak EXPR, readonly SCALAR, reftype
11831 EXPR, tainted EXPR, weaken REF
11839 =head2 Locale::Constants - constants for Locale codes
11847 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
11851 Locale::Language, Locale::Country, Locale::Currency
11859 =head2 Locale::Country - ISO codes for country identification (ISO 3166)
11871 B<alpha-2>, B<alpha-3>, B<numeric>
11877 =item CONVERSION ROUTINES
11879 code2country( CODE, [ CODESET ] ), country2code( STRING, [ CODESET ] ),
11880 country_code2code( CODE, CODESET, CODESET )
11886 =item QUERY ROUTINES
11888 C<all_country_codes( [ CODESET ] )>, C<all_country_names( [ CODESET ] )>
11894 =item CODE ALIASING
11904 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
11908 Locale::Language, Locale::Currency, ISO 3166,
11909 http://www.din.de/gremien/nas/nabd/iso3166ma/,
11910 http://www.egt.ie/standards/iso3166/iso3166-1-en.html,
11911 http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/docs/app-f.html
11919 =head2 Locale::Currency - ISO three letter codes for currency
11920 identification (ISO 4217)
11938 =item CONVERSION ROUTINES
11940 code2currency(), currency2code()
11946 =item QUERY ROUTINES
11948 C<all_currency_codes()>, C<all_currency_names()>
11956 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
11960 Locale::Country, ISO 4217:1995, http://www.bsi-global.com/iso4217currency
11968 =head2 Locale::Language - ISO two letter codes for language identification
11985 =item CONVERSION ROUTINES
11987 code2language(), language2code()
11993 =item QUERY ROUTINES
11995 C<all_language_codes()>, C<all_language_names()>
12003 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
12007 Locale::Country, Locale::Currency, ISO 639:1988 (E/F),
12008 http://lcweb.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/langhome.html
12016 =head2 Locale::Maketext -- framework for localization
12024 =item QUICK OVERVIEW
12030 =item Construction Methods
12032 $lh = YourProjClass::langname->new();, $lh->init();,
12033 YourProjClass->fallback_languages(),
12034 YourProjClass->fallback_language_classes()
12036 =item The "maketext" Method
12038 $lh->fail_with I<or> $lh->fail_with(I<PARAM>), $lh->failure_handler_auto
12040 =item Utility Methods
12042 $language->quant($number, $singular), $language->quant($number, $singular,
12043 $plural), $language->quant($number, $singular, $plural, $negative),
12044 $language->numf($number), $language->sprintf($format, @items),
12045 $language->language_tag(), $language->encoding()
12047 =item Language Handle Attributes and Internals
12051 =item LANGUAGE CLASS HIERARCHIES
12053 =item ENTRIES IN EACH LEXICON
12055 =item BRACKET NOTATION
12057 =item AUTO LEXICONS
12059 =item CONTROLLING LOOKUP FAILURE
12061 =item HOW TO USE MAKETEXT
12065 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER
12071 =head2 Locale::Maketext::TPJ13 -- article about software localization
12079 =item Localization and Perl: gettext breaks, Maketext fixes
12083 =item A Localization Horror Story: It Could Happen To You
12085 =item The Linguistic View
12087 =item Breaking gettext
12089 =item Replacing gettext
12091 =item Buzzwords: Abstraction and Encapsulation
12093 =item Buzzword: Isomorphism
12095 =item Buzzword: Inheritance
12097 =item Buzzword: Concision
12099 =item The Devil in the Details
12101 =item The Proof in the Pudding: Localizing Web Sites
12109 =head2 MIME::Base64 - Encoding and decoding of base64 strings
12117 encode_base64($str, [$eol]), decode_base64($str)
12121 Premature end of base64 data, Premature padding of base64 data
12129 =head2 MIME::Base64::QuotedPrint, MIME::QuotedPrint - Encoding and decoding
12130 of quoted-printable strings
12138 encode_qp($str), decode_qp($str);
12144 =head2 MIME::QuotedPrint - Encoding and decoding of quoted-printable
12153 encode_qp($str), decode_qp($str);
12159 =head2 Math::BigFloat - Arbitrary length float math package
12167 number format, Error returns 'NaN', Division is computed to, Rounding is
12176 =head2 Math::BigInt - Arbitrary size integer math package
12184 Canonical notation, Input, Output
12188 =item Autocreating constants
12196 =head2 Math::Complex - complex numbers and associated mathematical
12209 =item STRINGIFICATION
12213 =item CHANGED IN PERL 5.6
12219 =item ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO OR LOGARITHM OF ZERO
12221 =item ERRORS DUE TO INDIGESTIBLE ARGUMENTS
12229 =head2 Math::Trig - trigonometric functions
12237 =item TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS
12243 =item ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO
12245 =item SIMPLE (REAL) ARGUMENTS, COMPLEX RESULTS
12249 =item PLANE ANGLE CONVERSIONS
12251 =item RADIAL COORDINATE CONVERSIONS
12255 =item COORDINATE SYSTEMS
12257 =item 3-D ANGLE CONVERSIONS
12259 cartesian_to_cylindrical, cartesian_to_spherical, cylindrical_to_cartesian,
12260 cylindrical_to_spherical, spherical_to_cartesian, spherical_to_cylindrical
12264 =item GREAT CIRCLE DISTANCES AND DIRECTIONS
12270 =item CAVEAT FOR GREAT CIRCLE FORMULAS
12280 =head2 NDBM_File - Tied access to ndbm files
12288 C<O_RDONLY>, C<O_WRONLY>, C<O_RDWR>
12294 =item C<ndbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...>
12298 =item BUGS AND WARNINGS
12302 =head2 NEXT - Provide a pseudo-class NEXT that allows method redispatch
12312 =item BUGS AND IRRITATIONS
12318 =head2 Net::Ping - check a remote host for reachability
12326 icmp, udp, tcp, stream, external
12332 Net::Ping->new([$proto [, $def_timeout [, $bytes]]]);, $p->ping($host [,
12333 $timeout]);, $p->open($host);, $p->close();, pingecho($host [, $timeout]);
12341 =head2 Net::hostent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gethost*()
12358 =head2 Net::netent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getnet*()
12375 =head2 Net::protoent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getproto*()
12390 =head2 Net::servent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getserv*()
12407 =head2 O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends
12417 =item IMPLEMENTATION
12423 =head2 ODBM_File - Tied access to odbm files
12431 C<O_RDONLY>, C<O_WRONLY>, C<O_RDWR>
12437 =item C<odbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...>
12441 =item BUGS AND WARNINGS
12445 =head2 Opcode - Disable named opcodes when compiling perl code
12457 =item Operator Names and Operator Lists
12459 an operator name (opname), an operator tag name (optag), a negated opname
12460 or optag, an operator set (opset)
12462 =item Opcode Functions
12464 opcodes, opset (OP, ...), opset_to_ops (OPSET), opset_to_hex (OPSET),
12465 full_opset, empty_opset, invert_opset (OPSET), verify_opset (OPSET, ...),
12466 define_optag (OPTAG, OPSET), opmask_add (OPSET), opmask, opdesc (OP, ...),
12469 =item Manipulating Opsets
12471 =item TO DO (maybe)
12477 =item Predefined Opcode Tags
12479 :base_core, :base_mem, :base_loop, :base_io, :base_orig, :base_math,
12480 :base_thread, :default, :filesys_read, :sys_db, :browse, :filesys_open,
12481 :filesys_write, :subprocess, :ownprocess, :others, :still_to_be_decided,
12490 =head2 Opcode::Safe, Safe - Compile and execute code in restricted
12499 a new namespace, an operator mask
12505 =item RECENT CHANGES
12507 =item Methods in class Safe
12509 permit (OP, ...), permit_only (OP, ...), deny (OP, ...), deny_only (OP,
12510 ...), trap (OP, ...), untrap (OP, ...), share (NAME, ...), share_from
12511 (PACKAGE, ARRAYREF), varglob (VARNAME), reval (STRING), rdo (FILENAME),
12512 root (NAMESPACE), mask (MASK)
12514 =item Some Safety Issues
12516 Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes
12524 =head2 Opcode::ops, ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when
12537 =head2 POSIX - Perl interface to IEEE Std 1003.1
12551 _exit, abort, abs, access, acos, alarm, asctime, asin, assert, atan, atan2,
12552 atexit, atof, atoi, atol, bsearch, calloc, ceil, chdir, chmod, chown,
12553 clearerr, clock, close, closedir, cos, cosh, creat, ctermid, ctime,
12554 cuserid, difftime, div, dup, dup2, errno, execl, execle, execlp, execv,
12555 execve, execvp, exit, exp, fabs, fclose, fcntl, fdopen, feof, ferror,
12556 fflush, fgetc, fgetpos, fgets, fileno, floor, fmod, fopen, fork, fpathconf,
12557 fprintf, fputc, fputs, fread, free, freopen, frexp, fscanf, fseek, fsetpos,
12558 fstat, ftell, fwrite, getc, getchar, getcwd, getegid, getenv, geteuid,
12559 getgid, getgrgid, getgrnam, getgroups, getlogin, getpgrp, getpid, getppid,
12560 getpwnam, getpwuid, gets, getuid, gmtime, isalnum, isalpha, isatty,
12561 iscntrl, isdigit, isgraph, islower, isprint, ispunct, isspace, isupper,
12562 isxdigit, kill, labs, ldexp, ldiv, link, localeconv, localtime, log, log10,
12563 longjmp, lseek, malloc, mblen, mbstowcs, mbtowc, memchr, memcmp, memcpy,
12564 memmove, memset, mkdir, mkfifo, mktime, modf, nice, offsetof, open,
12565 opendir, pathconf, pause, perror, pipe, pow, printf, putc, putchar, puts,
12566 qsort, raise, rand, read, readdir, realloc, remove, rename, rewind,
12567 rewinddir, rmdir, scanf, setgid, setjmp, setlocale, setpgid, setsid,
12568 setuid, sigaction, siglongjmp, sigpending, sigprocmask, sigsetjmp,
12569 sigsuspend, sin, sinh, sleep, sprintf, sqrt, srand, sscanf, stat, strcat,
12570 strchr, strcmp, strcoll, strcpy, strcspn, strerror, strftime, strlen,
12571 strncat, strncmp, strncpy, strpbrk, strrchr, strspn, strstr, strtod,
12572 strtok, strtol, strtoul, strxfrm, sysconf, system, tan, tanh, tcdrain,
12573 tcflow, tcflush, tcgetpgrp, tcsendbreak, tcsetpgrp, time, times, tmpfile,
12574 tmpnam, tolower, toupper, ttyname, tzname, tzset, umask, uname, ungetc,
12575 unlink, utime, vfprintf, vprintf, vsprintf, wait, waitpid, wcstombs,
12582 =item POSIX::SigAction
12586 =item POSIX::SigSet
12588 new, addset, delset, emptyset, fillset, ismember
12590 =item POSIX::Termios
12592 new, getattr, getcc, getcflag, getiflag, getispeed, getlflag, getoflag,
12593 getospeed, setattr, setcc, setcflag, setiflag, setispeed, setlflag,
12594 setoflag, setospeed, Baud rate values, Terminal interface values, c_cc
12595 field values, c_cflag field values, c_iflag field values, c_lflag field
12596 values, c_oflag field values
12600 =item PATHNAME CONSTANTS
12604 =item POSIX CONSTANTS
12608 =item SYSTEM CONFIGURATION
12666 =head2 PerlIO - On demand loader for PerlIO layers and root of PerlIO::*
12675 unix, stdio, perlio, crlf, utf8, raw
12679 =item Defaults and how to override them
12689 =head2 PerlIO::Scalar - support module for in-memory IO.
12699 =head2 PerlIO::Via - Helper class for PerlIO layers implemented in perl
12707 $class->PUSHED([$mode][,$fh]), $obj->POPPED([$fh]),
12708 $class->OPEN($path,$mode[,$fh]), $class->FDOPEN($fd),
12709 $class->SYSOPEN($path,$imode,$perm,$fh), $obj->FILENO($fh),
12710 $obj->READ($buffer,$len,$fh), $obj->WRITE($buffer,$fh), $obj->FILL($fh),
12711 $obj->CLOSE($fh), $obj->SEEK($posn,$whence,$fh), $obj->TELL($fh),
12712 $obj->UNREAD($buffer,$fh), $obj->FLUSH($fh), $obj->SETLINEBUF($fh),
12713 $obj->CLEARERR($fh), $obj->ERROR($fh), $obj->EOF($fh)
12717 =head2 Pod::Checker, podchecker() - check pod documents for syntax errors
12723 =item OPTIONS/ARGUMENTS
12729 B<-warnings> =E<gt> I<val>
12741 empty =headn, =over on line I<N> without closing =back, =item without
12742 previous =over, =back without previous =over, No argument for =begin, =end
12743 without =begin, Nested =begin's, =for without formatter specification,
12744 unresolved internal link I<NAME>, Unknown command "I<CMD>", Unknown
12745 interior-sequence "I<SEQ>", nested commands
12746 I<CMD>E<lt>...I<CMD>E<lt>...E<gt>...E<gt>, garbled entity I<STRING>, Entity
12747 number out of range, malformed link LE<lt>E<gt>, nonempty ZE<lt>E<gt>,
12748 empty XE<lt>E<gt>, Spurious text after =pod / =cut, Spurious character(s)
12753 multiple occurence of link target I<name>, line containing nothing but
12754 whitespace in paragraph, file does not start with =head, previous =item has
12755 no contents, preceding non-item paragraph(s), =item type mismatch (I<one>
12756 vs. I<two>), I<N> unescaped C<E<lt>E<gt>> in paragraph, Unknown entity, No
12757 items in =over, No argument for =item, empty section in previous paragraph,
12758 Verbatim paragraph in NAME section
12762 ignoring leading/trailing whitespace in link, (section) in '$page'
12763 deprecated, alternative text/node '%s' contains non-escaped | or /
12775 C<Pod::Checker-E<gt>new( %options )>
12777 C<$checker-E<gt>poderror( @args )>, C<$checker-E<gt>poderror( {%opts},
12780 C<$checker-E<gt>num_errors()>
12782 C<$checker-E<gt>name()>
12784 C<$checker-E<gt>node()>
12786 C<$checker-E<gt>idx()>
12788 C<$checker-E<gt>hyperlink()>
12796 =head2 Pod::Find - find POD documents in directory trees
12808 =item C<pod_find( { %opts } , @directories )>
12810 C<-verbose =E<gt> 1>, C<-perl =E<gt> 1>, C<-script =E<gt> 1>, C<-inc =E<gt>
12817 =item C<simplify_name( $str )>
12823 =item C<pod_where( { %opts }, $pod )>
12825 C<-inc =E<gt> 1>, C<-dirs =E<gt> [ $dir1, $dir2, ... ]>, C<-verbose =E<gt>
12832 =item C<contains_pod( $file , $verbose )>
12844 =head2 Pod::Html - module to convert pod files to HTML
12854 backlink, cachedir, css, flush, header, help, htmldir, htmlroot, index,
12855 infile, libpods, netscape, outfile, podpath, podroot, quiet, recurse,
12870 =head2 Pod::InputObjects - objects representing POD input paragraphs,
12883 package B<Pod::InputSource>, package B<Pod::Paragraph>, package
12884 B<Pod::InteriorSequence>, package B<Pod::ParseTree>
12890 =item B<Pod::InputSource>
12914 =item B<was_cutting()>
12920 =item B<Pod::Paragraph>
12926 =item Pod::Paragraph-E<gt>B<new()>
12932 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<cmd_name()>
12938 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<text()>
12944 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<raw_text()>
12950 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<cmd_prefix()>
12956 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<cmd_separator()>
12962 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<parse_tree()>
12968 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<file_line()>
12974 =item B<Pod::InteriorSequence>
12980 =item Pod::InteriorSequence-E<gt>B<new()>
12986 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<cmd_name()>
12992 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<prepend()>
12998 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<append()>
13004 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<nested()>
13010 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<raw_text()>
13016 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<left_delimiter()>
13022 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<right_delimiter()>
13028 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<parse_tree()>
13034 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<file_line()>
13040 =item Pod::InteriorSequence::B<DESTROY()>
13046 =item B<Pod::ParseTree>
13052 =item Pod::ParseTree-E<gt>B<new()>
13058 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<top()>
13064 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<children()>
13070 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<prepend()>
13076 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<append()>
13082 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<raw_text()>
13088 =item Pod::ParseTree::B<DESTROY()>
13100 =head2 Pod::LaTeX - Convert Pod data to formatted Latex
13112 =item OBJECT METHODS
13120 =item Data Accessors
13136 B<ReplaceNAMEwithSection>
13138 B<StartWithNewPage>
13152 =item Subclassed methods
13166 B<interior_sequence>
13182 =item Methods for headings
13190 =item Internal methods
13196 B<_replace_special_chars>
13202 B<_clean_latex_commands>
13218 =head2 Pod::Man - Convert POD data to formatted *roff input
13226 center, date, fixed, fixedbold, fixeditalic, fixedbolditalic, quotes,
13231 roff font should be 1 or 2 chars, not "%s", Invalid link %s, Invalid quote
13232 specification "%s", %s:%d: Unknown command paragraph "%s", Unknown escape
13233 EE<lt>%sE<gt>, Unknown sequence %s, %s: Unknown command paragraph "%s" on
13234 line %d, Unmatched =back
13244 =head2 Pod::ParseUtils - helpers for POD parsing and conversion
13258 Pod::List-E<gt>new()
13266 $list-E<gt>indent()
13274 $list-E<gt>parent()
13280 =item Pod::Hyperlink
13282 Pod::Hyperlink-E<gt>new()
13286 $link-E<gt>parse($string)
13288 $link-E<gt>markup($string)
13292 $link-E<gt>warning()
13294 $link-E<gt>file(), $link-E<gt>line()
13300 $link-E<gt>alttext()
13310 Pod::Cache-E<gt>new()
13316 $cache-E<gt>find_page($name)
13320 =item Pod::Cache::Item
13322 Pod::Cache::Item-E<gt>new()
13326 $cacheitem-E<gt>page()
13328 $cacheitem-E<gt>description()
13330 $cacheitem-E<gt>path()
13332 $cacheitem-E<gt>file()
13334 $cacheitem-E<gt>nodes()
13336 $cacheitem-E<gt>find_node($name)
13338 $cacheitem-E<gt>idx()
13348 =head2 Pod::Parser - base class for creating POD filters and translators
13360 =item QUICK OVERVIEW
13362 =item PARSING OPTIONS
13364 B<-want_nonPODs> (default: unset), B<-process_cut_cmd> (default: unset),
13365 B<-warnings> (default: unset)
13371 =item RECOMMENDED SUBROUTINE/METHOD OVERRIDES
13379 C<$cmd>, C<$text>, C<$line_num>, C<$pod_para>
13385 =item B<verbatim()>
13387 C<$text>, C<$line_num>, C<$pod_para>
13393 =item B<textblock()>
13395 C<$text>, C<$line_num>, C<$pod_para>
13401 =item B<interior_sequence()>
13407 =item OPTIONAL SUBROUTINE/METHOD OVERRIDES
13419 =item B<initialize()>
13425 =item B<begin_pod()>
13431 =item B<begin_input()>
13437 =item B<end_input()>
13449 =item B<preprocess_line()>
13455 =item B<preprocess_paragraph()>
13461 =item METHODS FOR PARSING AND PROCESSING
13467 =item B<parse_text()>
13469 B<-expand_seq> =E<gt> I<code-ref>|I<method-name>, B<-expand_text> =E<gt>
13470 I<code-ref>|I<method-name>, B<-expand_ptree> =E<gt>
13471 I<code-ref>|I<method-name>
13477 =item B<interpolate()>
13483 =item B<parse_paragraph()>
13489 =item B<parse_from_filehandle()>
13495 =item B<parse_from_file()>
13501 =item ACCESSOR METHODS
13507 =item B<errorsub()>
13519 =item B<parseopts()>
13525 =item B<output_file()>
13531 =item B<output_handle()>
13537 =item B<input_file()>
13543 =item B<input_handle()>
13549 =item B<input_streams()>
13555 =item B<top_stream()>
13561 =item PRIVATE METHODS AND DATA
13567 =item B<_push_input_stream()>
13573 =item B<_pop_input_stream()>
13579 =item TREE-BASED PARSING
13587 =head2 Pod::Plainer - Perl extension for converting Pod to old style Pod.
13607 =head2 Pod::Select, podselect() - extract selected sections of POD from
13620 =item SECTION SPECIFICATIONS
13622 =item RANGE SPECIFICATIONS
13628 =item OBJECT METHODS
13634 =item B<curr_headings()>
13646 =item B<add_selection()>
13652 =item B<clear_selections()>
13658 =item B<match_section()>
13664 =item B<is_selected()>
13670 =item EXPORTED FUNCTIONS
13676 =item B<podselect()>
13678 B<-output>, B<-sections>, B<-ranges>
13684 =item PRIVATE METHODS AND DATA
13690 =item B<_compile_section_spec()>
13696 =item $self->{_SECTION_HEADINGS}
13702 =item $self->{_SELECTED_SECTIONS}
13714 =head2 Pod::Text - Convert POD data to formatted ASCII text
13722 alt, indent, loose, quotes, sentence, width
13726 Bizarre space in item, Can't open %s for reading: %s, Invalid quote
13727 specification "%s", %s:%d: Unknown command paragraph "%s", Unknown escape:
13728 %s, Unknown sequence: %s, Unmatched =back
13740 =head2 Pod::Text::Color - Convert POD data to formatted color ASCII text
13756 =head2 Pod::Text::Overstrike - Convert POD data to formatted overstrike
13773 =head2 Pod::Text::Termcap, Pod::Text::Color - Convert POD data to ASCII
13774 text with format escapes
13788 =head2 Pod::Usage, pod2usage() - print a usage message from embedded pod
13797 C<-message>, C<-msg>, C<-exitval>, C<-verbose>, C<-output>, C<-input>,
13806 =item Recommended Use
13814 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
13818 =head2 SDBM_File - Tied access to sdbm files
13826 C<O_RDONLY>, C<O_WRONLY>, C<O_RDWR>
13832 =item C<sdbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...>
13836 =item BUGS AND WARNINGS
13840 =head2 Safe - Compile and execute code in restricted compartments
13848 a new namespace, an operator mask
13854 =item RECENT CHANGES
13856 =item Methods in class Safe
13858 permit (OP, ...), permit_only (OP, ...), deny (OP, ...), deny_only (OP,
13859 ...), trap (OP, ...), untrap (OP, ...), share (NAME, ...), share_from
13860 (PACKAGE, ARRAYREF), varglob (VARNAME), reval (STRING), rdo (FILENAME),
13861 root (NAMESPACE), mask (MASK)
13863 =item Some Safety Issues
13865 Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes
13873 =head2 Scalar::Util - A selection of general-utility scalar subroutines
13881 blessed EXPR, dualvar NUM, STRING, isweak EXPR, readonly SCALAR, reftype
13882 EXPR, tainted EXPR, weaken REF
13890 =head2 Search::Dict, look - search for key in dictionary file
13900 =head2 SelectSaver - save and restore selected file handle
13910 =head2 SelfLoader - load functions only on demand
13920 =item The __DATA__ token
13922 =item SelfLoader autoloading
13924 =item Autoloading and package lexicals
13926 =item SelfLoader and AutoLoader
13928 =item __DATA__, __END__, and the FOOBAR::DATA filehandle.
13930 =item Classes and inherited methods.
13934 =item Multiple packages and fully qualified subroutine names
13938 =head2 Shell - run shell commands transparently within perl
13948 =item OBJECT ORIENTED SYNTAX
13956 =head2 Socket, sockaddr_in, sockaddr_un, inet_aton, inet_ntoa - load the C
13957 socket.h defines and structure manipulators
13965 inet_aton HOSTNAME, inet_ntoa IP_ADDRESS, INADDR_ANY, INADDR_BROADCAST,
13966 INADDR_LOOPBACK, INADDR_NONE, sockaddr_in PORT, ADDRESS, sockaddr_in
13967 SOCKADDR_IN, pack_sockaddr_in PORT, IP_ADDRESS, unpack_sockaddr_in
13968 SOCKADDR_IN, sockaddr_un PATHNAME, sockaddr_un SOCKADDR_UN,
13969 pack_sockaddr_un PATH, unpack_sockaddr_un SOCKADDR_UN
13973 =head2 Storable - persistency for perl data structures
13983 =item ADVISORY LOCKING
13987 =item CANONICAL REPRESENTATION
13989 =item ERROR REPORTING
13997 C<STORABLE_freeze> I<obj>, I<cloning>, C<STORABLE_thaw> I<obj>, I<cloning>,
14002 C<Storable::last_op_in_netorder>, C<Storable::is_storing>,
14003 C<Storable::is_retrieving>
14027 =head2 Switch - A switch statement for Perl
14041 =item Allowing fall-through
14043 =item Automating fall-through
14045 =item Higher-order Operations
14059 =head2 Symbol - manipulate Perl symbols and their names
14069 =head2 Sys::Hostname - Try every conceivable way to get hostname
14081 =head2 Syslog::Syslog, Sys::Syslog, openlog, closelog, setlogmask, syslog -
14082 Perl interface to the UNIX syslog(3) calls
14090 openlog $ident, $logopt, $facility, syslog $priority, $format, @args,
14091 setlogmask $mask_priority, setlogsock $sock_type (added in 5.004_02),
14102 =head2 Term::ANSIColor - Color screen output using ANSI escape sequences
14112 Invalid attribute name %s, Name "%s" used only once: possible typo, No
14113 comma allowed after filehandle, Bareword "%s" not allowed while "strict
14124 =head2 Term::Cap - Perl termcap interface
14136 =head2 Term::Complete - Perl word completion module
14144 E<lt>tabE<gt>, ^D, ^U, E<lt>delE<gt>, E<lt>bsE<gt>
14154 =head2 Term::ReadLine - Perl interface to various C<readline> packages. If
14155 no real package is found, substitutes stubs instead of basic functions.
14163 =item Minimal set of supported functions
14165 C<ReadLine>, C<new>, C<readline>, C<addhistory>, C<IN>, $C<OUT>,
14166 C<MinLine>, C<findConsole>, Attribs, C<Features>
14168 =item Additional supported functions
14170 C<tkRunning>, C<ornaments>, C<newTTY>
14180 =head2 Test - provides a simple framework for writing test scripts
14206 NORMAL TESTS, SKIPPED TESTS, TODO TESTS
14210 =item BUGS and CAVEATS
14220 =head2 Test::Harness - run perl standard test scripts with statistics
14230 =item The test script output
14232 B<'1..M'>, B<'ok', 'not ok'. Ok?>, B<test numbers>,
14233 B<$Test::Harness::verbose>, B<$Test::Harness::switches>, B<Skipping tests>,
14234 B<Todo tests>, B<Bail out!>, B<Comments>, B<Anything else>
14238 B<Failed Test>, B<Stat>, B<Wstat>, B<Total>, B<Fail>, B<Failed>, B<List of
14261 C<All tests successful.\nFiles=%d, Tests=%d, %s>, C<FAILED tests
14262 %s\n\tFailed %d/%d tests, %.2f%% okay.>, C<Test returned status %d (wstat
14263 %d)>, C<Failed 1 test, %.2f%% okay. %s>, C<Failed %d/%d tests, %.2f%% okay.
14264 %s>, C<FAILED--Further testing stopped%s>
14268 C<HARNESS_IGNORE_EXITCODE>, C<HARNESS_NOTTY>, C<HARNESS_COMPILE_TEST>,
14269 C<HARNESS_FILELEAK_IN_DIR>, C<HARNESS_PERL_SWITCHES>, C<HARNESS_COLUMNS>,
14284 =head2 Text::Abbrev, abbrev - create an abbreviation table from a list
14296 =head2 Text::Balanced - Extract delimited text sequences from strings.
14306 =item General behaviour in list contexts
14310 =item General behaviour in scalar and void contexts
14312 =item A note about prefixes
14314 =item C<extract_delimited>
14316 =item C<extract_bracketed>
14318 =item C<extract_tagged>
14320 C<reject =E<gt> $listref>, C<ignore =E<gt> $listref>, C<fail =E<gt> $str>,
14321 [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5]
14323 =item C<gen_extract_tagged>
14325 =item C<extract_quotelike>
14327 [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [10]
14329 =item C<extract_quotelike> and "here documents"
14331 [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7..10]
14333 =item C<extract_codeblock>
14335 =item C<extract_multiple>
14337 =item C<gen_delimited_pat>
14343 C<Did not find a suitable bracket: "%s">, C<Did not find prefix: /%s/>,
14344 C<Did not find opening bracket after prefix: "%s">, C<No quotelike
14345 operator found after prefix: "%s">, C<Unmatched closing bracket: "%c">,
14346 C<Unmatched opening bracket(s): "%s">, C<Unmatched embedded quote (%s)>,
14347 C<Did not find closing delimiter to match '%s'>, C<Mismatched closing
14348 bracket: expected "%c" but found "%s">, C<No block delimiter found after
14349 quotelike "%s">, C<Did not find leading dereferencer>, C<Bad identifier
14350 after dereferencer>, C<Did not find expected opening bracket at %s>,
14351 C<Improperly nested codeblock at %s>, C<Missing second block for quotelike
14352 "%s">, C<No match found for opening bracket>, C<Did not find opening tag:
14353 /%s/>, C<Unable to construct closing tag to match: /%s/>, C<Found invalid
14354 nested tag: %s>, C<Found unbalanced nested tag: %s>, C<Did not find closing
14359 =item BUGS AND IRRITATIONS
14365 =head2 Text::ParseWords - parse text into an array of tokens or array of
14380 =head2 Text::Soundex - Implementation of the Soundex Algorithm as Described
14397 =head2 Text::Tabs -- expand and unexpand tabs per the unix expand(1) and
14412 =head2 Text::Wrap - line wrapping to form simple paragraphs
14426 =head2 Thread - manipulate threads in Perl (EXPERIMENTAL, subject to
14439 new \&start_sub, new \&start_sub, LIST, lock VARIABLE, async BLOCK;,
14440 Thread->self, Thread->list, cond_wait VARIABLE, cond_signal VARIABLE,
14441 cond_broadcast VARIABLE, yield
14445 join, eval, detach, equal, tid, flags, done
14453 =head2 Thread::Queue - thread-safe queues
14461 =item FUNCTIONS AND METHODS
14463 new, enqueue LIST, dequeue, dequeue_nb, pending
14469 =head2 Thread::Semaphore - thread-safe semaphores
14477 =item FUNCTIONS AND METHODS
14479 new, new NUMBER, down, down NUMBER, up, up NUMBER
14483 =head2 Thread::Signal - Start a thread which runs signal handlers reliably
14495 =head2 Thread::Specific - thread-specific keys
14505 =head2 Tie::Array - base class for tied arrays
14513 TIEARRAY classname, LIST, STORE this, index, value, FETCH this, index,
14514 FETCHSIZE this, STORESIZE this, count, EXTEND this, count, EXISTS this,
14515 key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, DESTROY this, PUSH this, LIST, POP this,
14516 SHIFT this, UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST
14524 =head2 Tie::Handle, Tie::StdHandle - base class definitions for tied
14533 TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, WRITE this, scalar, length, offset, PRINT this,
14534 LIST, PRINTF this, format, LIST, READ this, scalar, length, offset,
14535 READLINE this, GETC this, CLOSE this, OPEN this, filename, BINMODE this,
14536 EOF this, TELL this, SEEK this, offset, whence, DESTROY this
14538 =item MORE INFORMATION
14540 =item COMPATIBILITY
14544 =head2 Tie::Hash, Tie::StdHash - base class definitions for tied hashes
14552 TIEHASH classname, LIST, STORE this, key, value, FETCH this, key, FIRSTKEY
14553 this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, EXISTS this, key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this
14557 =item MORE INFORMATION
14561 =head2 Tie::RefHash - use references as hash keys
14579 =head2 Tie::Scalar, Tie::StdScalar - base class definitions for tied
14588 TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, DESTROY this
14590 =item MORE INFORMATION
14594 =head2 Tie::SubstrHash - Fixed-table-size, fixed-key-length hashing
14606 =head2 Time::HiRes - High resolution ualarm, usleep, and gettimeofday
14614 gettimeofday (), usleep ( $useconds ), ualarm ( $useconds [,
14615 $interval_useconds ] ), tv_interval, time (), sleep ( $floating_seconds ),
14616 alarm ( $floating_seconds [, $interval_floating_seconds ] ), setitimer,
14617 getitimer ( $which )
14633 =head2 Time::Local - efficiently compute time from local and GMT time
14641 =item IMPLEMENTATION
14647 =head2 Time::Piece - Object Oriented time objects
14659 =item Local Locales
14661 =item Date Calculations
14663 =item Date Comparisons
14665 =item YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ss
14669 =item strftime method
14671 %%, %a, %A, %b, %B, %c, %C, %d, %D, %e, %h, %H, %I, %j, %m, %M, %n, %p, %r,
14672 %R, %S, %t, %T, %u, %U, %V, %w, %W, %x, %y, %Y, %Z
14674 =item strptime function
14676 =item Global Overriding
14694 =head2 Time::Piece::Seconds, Time::Seconds - a simple API to convert
14695 seconds to other date values
14713 =head2 Time::gmtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gmtime()
14728 =head2 Time::localtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in localtime()
14743 =head2 Time::tm - internal object used by Time::gmtime and Time::localtime
14755 =head2 UNIVERSAL - base class for ALL classes (blessed references)
14763 isa ( TYPE ), can ( METHOD ), VERSION ( [ REQUIRE ] ), UNIVERSAL::isa (
14764 VAL, TYPE ), UNIVERSAL::can ( VAL, METHOD )
14768 =head2 User::grent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getgr*()
14783 =head2 User::pwent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getpw*()
14794 =item System Specifics
14808 =head2 Win32 - Interfaces to some Win32 API Functions
14816 =item Alphabetical Listing of Win32 Functions
14818 Win32::AbortSystemShutdown(MACHINE), Win32::BuildNumber(),
14819 Win32::CopyFile(FROM, TO, OVERWRITE), Win32::DomainName(),
14820 Win32::ExpandEnvironmentStrings(STRING), Win32::FormatMessage(ERRORCODE),
14821 Win32::FsType(), Win32::FreeLibrary(HANDLE), Win32::GetArchName(),
14822 Win32::GetChipName(), Win32::GetCwd(), Win32::GetFullPathName(FILENAME),
14823 Win32::GetLastError(), Win32::GetLongPathName(PATHNAME),
14824 Win32::GetNextAvailDrive(), Win32::GetOSVersion(),
14825 Win32::GetShortPathName(PATHNAME), Win32::GetProcAddress(INSTANCE,
14826 PROCNAME), Win32::GetTickCount(), Win32::InitiateSystemShutdown,
14827 Win32::IsWinNT(), Win32::IsWin95(), Win32::LoadLibrary(LIBNAME),
14828 Win32::LoginName(), Win32::LookupAccountName(SYSTEM, ACCOUNT, DOMAIN, SID,
14829 SIDTYPE), Win32::LookupAccountSID(SYSTEM, SID, ACCOUNT, DOMAIN, SIDTYPE),
14830 Win32::MsgBox(MESSAGE [, FLAGS [, TITLE]]), Win32::NodeName(),
14831 Win32::RegisterServer(LIBRARYNAME), Win32::SetCwd(NEWDIRECTORY),
14832 Win32::SetLastError(ERROR), Win32::Sleep(TIME), Win32::Spawn(COMMAND, ARGS,
14833 PID), Win32::UnregisterServer(LIBRARYNAME)
14839 =head2 XS::Typemap - module to test the XS typemaps distributed with perl
14857 =head2 XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code
14869 =head1 AUXILIARY DOCUMENTATION
14871 Here should be listed all the extra programs' documentation, but they
14872 don't all have manual pages yet:
14898 Larry Wall <F<larry@wall.org>>, with the help of oodles