4 perltoc - perl documentation table of contents
8 This page provides a brief table of contents for the rest of the Perl
9 documentation set. It is meant to be scanned quickly or grepped
10 through to locate the proper section you're looking for.
12 =head1 BASIC DOCUMENTATION
14 =head2 perl - Practical Extraction and Report Language
40 =head2 perlfaq - frequently asked questions about Perl ($Date: 1999/05/23
49 =item perlfaq: Structural overview of the FAQ.
51 =item L<perlfaq1>: General Questions About Perl
53 =item L<perlfaq2>: Obtaining and Learning about Perl
55 =item L<perlfaq3>: Programming Tools
57 =item L<perlfaq4>: Data Manipulation
59 =item L<perlfaq5>: Files and Formats
61 =item L<perlfaq6>: Regexps
63 =item L<perlfaq7>: General Perl Language Issues
65 =item L<perlfaq8>: System Interaction
67 =item L<perlfaq9>: Networking
71 =item About the perlfaq documents
75 =item Where to get the perlfaq
77 =item How to contribute to the perlfaq
79 =item What will happen if you mail your Perl programming problems to the
86 =item Author and Copyright Information
90 =item Bundled Distributions
98 1/November/2000, 23/May/99, 13/April/99, 7/January/99, 22/June/98,
99 24/April/97, 23/April/97, 25/March/97, 18/March/97, 17/March/97 Version,
100 Initial Release: 11/March/97
104 =head2 perlbook - Perl book information
112 =head2 perlsyn - Perl syntax
122 =item Simple statements
124 =item Compound statements
132 =item Basic BLOCKs and Switch Statements
136 =item PODs: Embedded Documentation
138 =item Plain Old Comments (Not!)
144 =head2 perldata - Perl data types
158 =item Scalar value constructors
160 =item List value constructors
164 =item Typeglobs and Filehandles
172 =head2 perlop - Perl operators and precedence
182 =item Terms and List Operators (Leftward)
184 =item The Arrow Operator
186 =item Auto-increment and Auto-decrement
190 =item Symbolic Unary Operators
192 =item Binding Operators
194 =item Multiplicative Operators
196 =item Additive Operators
198 =item Shift Operators
200 =item Named Unary Operators
202 =item Relational Operators
204 =item Equality Operators
208 =item Bitwise Or and Exclusive Or
210 =item C-style Logical And
212 =item C-style Logical Or
214 =item Range Operators
216 =item Conditional Operator
218 =item Assignment Operators
222 =item List Operators (Rightward)
228 =item Logical or and Exclusive Or
230 =item C Operators Missing From Perl
232 unary &, unary *, (TYPE)
234 =item Quote and Quote-like Operators
236 =item Regexp Quote-Like Operators
238 ?PATTERN?, m/PATTERN/cgimosx, /PATTERN/cgimosx, q/STRING/, C<'STRING'>,
239 qq/STRING/, "STRING", qr/STRING/imosx, qx/STRING/, `STRING`, qw/STRING/,
240 s/PATTERN/REPLACEMENT/egimosx, tr/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds,
241 y/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds
243 =item Gory details of parsing quoted constructs
245 Finding the end, Removal of backslashes before delimiters, Interpolation,
246 C<<<'EOF'>, C<m''>, C<s'''>, C<tr///>, C<y///>, C<''>, C<q//>, C<"">,
247 C<``>, C<qq//>, C<qx//>, C<< <file*glob> >>, C<?RE?>, C</RE/>, C<m/RE/>,
248 C<s/RE/foo/>,, Interpolation of regular expressions, Optimization of
253 =item Constant Folding
255 =item Bitwise String Operators
257 =item Integer Arithmetic
259 =item Floating-point Arithmetic
267 =head2 perlsub - Perl subroutines
277 =item Private Variables via my()
279 =item Persistent Private Variables
281 =item Temporary Values via local()
283 =item Lvalue subroutines
285 =item Passing Symbol Table Entries (typeglobs)
287 =item When to Still Use local()
289 =item Pass by Reference
293 =item Constant Functions
295 =item Overriding Built-in Functions
299 =item Subroutine Attributes
307 =head2 perlfunc - Perl builtin functions
315 =item Perl Functions by Category
317 Functions for SCALARs or strings, Regular expressions and pattern matching,
318 Numeric functions, Functions for real @ARRAYs, Functions for list data,
319 Functions for real %HASHes, Input and output functions, Functions for fixed
320 length data or records, Functions for filehandles, files, or directories,
321 Keywords related to the control flow of your perl program, Keywords related
322 to scoping, Miscellaneous functions, Functions for processes and process
323 groups, Keywords related to perl modules, Keywords related to classes and
324 object-orientedness, Low-level socket functions, System V interprocess
325 communication functions, Fetching user and group info, Fetching network
326 info, Time-related functions, Functions new in perl5, Functions obsoleted
331 =item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions
333 I<-X> FILEHANDLE, I<-X> EXPR, I<-X>, abs VALUE, abs, accept
334 NEWSOCKET,GENERICSOCKET, alarm SECONDS, alarm, atan2 Y,X, bind SOCKET,NAME,
335 binmode FILEHANDLE, DISCIPLINE, binmode FILEHANDLE, bless REF,CLASSNAME,
336 bless REF, caller EXPR, caller, chdir EXPR, chmod LIST, chomp VARIABLE,
337 chomp LIST, chomp, chop VARIABLE, chop LIST, chop, chown LIST, chr NUMBER,
338 chr, chroot FILENAME, chroot, close FILEHANDLE, close, closedir DIRHANDLE,
339 connect SOCKET,NAME, continue BLOCK, cos EXPR, cos, crypt PLAINTEXT,SALT,
340 dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MASK, defined EXPR, defined, delete
341 EXPR, die LIST, do BLOCK, do SUBROUTINE(LIST), do EXPR, dump LABEL, dump,
342 each HASH, eof FILEHANDLE, eof (), eof, eval EXPR, eval BLOCK, exec LIST,
343 exec PROGRAM LIST, exists EXPR, exit EXPR, exp EXPR, exp, fcntl
344 FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, fileno FILEHANDLE, flock FILEHANDLE,OPERATION,
345 fork, format, formline PICTURE,LIST, getc FILEHANDLE, getc, getlogin,
346 getpeername SOCKET, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority WHICH,WHO, getpwnam
347 NAME, getgrnam NAME, gethostbyname NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getprotobyname
348 NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getservbyname NAME,PROTO, gethostbyaddr
349 ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER,
350 getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent, gethostent, getnetent,
351 getprotoent, getservent, setpwent, setgrent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent
352 STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent,
353 endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent, endservent, getsockname SOCKET,
354 getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, glob, gmtime EXPR, goto LABEL,
355 goto EXPR, goto &NAME, grep BLOCK LIST, grep EXPR,LIST, hex EXPR, hex,
356 import, index STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, index STR,SUBSTR, int EXPR, int, ioctl
357 FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, join EXPR,LIST, keys HASH, kill SIGNAL, LIST,
358 last LABEL, last, lc EXPR, lc, lcfirst EXPR, lcfirst, length EXPR, length,
359 link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, listen SOCKET,QUEUESIZE, local EXPR, localtime EXPR,
360 lock, log EXPR, log, lstat EXPR, lstat, m//, map BLOCK LIST, map EXPR,LIST,
361 mkdir FILENAME,MASK, mkdir FILENAME, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget KEY,FLAGS,
362 msgrcv ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS, my EXPR, my EXPR :
363 ATTRIBUTES, next LABEL, next, no Module LIST, oct EXPR, oct, open
364 FILEHANDLE,MODE,LIST, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE, opendir
365 DIRHANDLE,EXPR, ord EXPR, ord, our EXPR, our EXPR : ATTRIBUTES, pack
366 TEMPLATE,LIST, package NAMESPACE, package, pipe READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, pop
367 ARRAY, pop, pos SCALAR, pos, print FILEHANDLE LIST, print LIST, print,
368 printf FILEHANDLE FORMAT, LIST, printf FORMAT, LIST, prototype FUNCTION,
369 push ARRAY,LIST, q/STRING/, qq/STRING/, qr/STRING/, qx/STRING/, qw/STRING/,
370 quotemeta EXPR, quotemeta, rand EXPR, rand, read
371 FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, readdir
372 DIRHANDLE, readline EXPR, readlink EXPR, readlink, readpipe EXPR, recv
373 SOCKET,SCALAR,LENGTH,FLAGS, redo LABEL, redo, ref EXPR, ref, rename
374 OLDNAME,NEWNAME, require VERSION, require EXPR, require, reset EXPR, reset,
375 return EXPR, return, reverse LIST, rewinddir DIRHANDLE, rindex
376 STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, rindex STR,SUBSTR, rmdir FILENAME, rmdir, s///, scalar
377 EXPR, seek FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, seekdir DIRHANDLE,POS, select
378 FILEHANDLE, select, select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, semctl
379 ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, send
380 SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS,TO, send SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS, setpgrp PID,PGRP, setpriority
381 WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shift ARRAY,
382 shift, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS, shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE,
383 shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, shutdown SOCKET,HOW, sin EXPR, sin, sleep
384 EXPR, sleep, sockatmark SOCKET, socket SOCKET,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL,
385 socketpair SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, sort SUBNAME LIST, sort
386 BLOCK LIST, sort LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,LIST, splice
387 ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH, splice ARRAY,OFFSET, splice ARRAY, split
388 /PATTERN/,EXPR,LIMIT, split /PATTERN/,EXPR, split /PATTERN/, split, sprintf
389 FORMAT, LIST, sqrt EXPR, sqrt, srand EXPR, srand, stat FILEHANDLE, stat
390 EXPR, stat, study SCALAR, study, sub BLOCK, sub NAME, sub NAME BLOCK,
391 substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH,REPLACEMENT, substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH, substr
392 EXPR,OFFSET, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen
393 FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE, sysopen FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, sysread
394 FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, sysread FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, sysseek
395 FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, system LIST, system PROGRAM LIST, syswrite
396 FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,
397 syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR, tell FILEHANDLE, tell, telldir DIRHANDLE, tie
398 VARIABLE,CLASSNAME,LIST, tied VARIABLE, time, times, tr///, truncate
399 FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, uc EXPR, uc, ucfirst EXPR,
400 ucfirst, umask EXPR, umask, undef EXPR, undef, unlink LIST, unlink, unpack
401 TEMPLATE,EXPR, untie VARIABLE, unshift ARRAY,LIST, use Module VERSION LIST,
402 use Module VERSION, use Module LIST, use Module, use VERSION, utime LIST,
403 values HASH, vec EXPR,OFFSET,BITS, wait, waitpid PID,FLAGS, wantarray, warn
404 LIST, write FILEHANDLE, write EXPR, write, y///
410 =head2 perlreftut - Mark's very short tutorial about references
416 =item Who Needs Complicated Data Structures?
424 =item Making References
426 =item Using References
444 =item Distribution Conditions
450 =head2 perldsc - Perl Data Structures Cookbook
456 arrays of arrays, hashes of arrays, arrays of hashes, hashes of hashes,
457 more elaborate constructs
461 =item COMMON MISTAKES
463 =item CAVEAT ON PRECEDENCE
465 =item WHY YOU SHOULD ALWAYS C<use strict>
471 =item ARRAYS OF ARRAYS
475 =item Declaration of a ARRAY OF ARRAYS
477 =item Generation of a ARRAY OF ARRAYS
479 =item Access and Printing of a ARRAY OF ARRAYS
483 =item HASHES OF ARRAYS
487 =item Declaration of a HASH OF ARRAYS
489 =item Generation of a HASH OF ARRAYS
491 =item Access and Printing of a HASH OF ARRAYS
495 =item ARRAYS OF HASHES
499 =item Declaration of a ARRAY OF HASHES
501 =item Generation of a ARRAY OF HASHES
503 =item Access and Printing of a ARRAY OF HASHES
507 =item HASHES OF HASHES
511 =item Declaration of a HASH OF HASHES
513 =item Generation of a HASH OF HASHES
515 =item Access and Printing of a HASH OF HASHES
519 =item MORE ELABORATE RECORDS
523 =item Declaration of MORE ELABORATE RECORDS
525 =item Declaration of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS
527 =item Generation of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS
539 =head2 perlrequick - Perl regular expressions quick start
549 =item Simple word matching
551 =item Using character classes
553 =item Matching this or that
555 =item Grouping things and hierarchical matching
557 =item Extracting matches
559 =item Matching repetitions
563 =item Search and replace
565 =item The split operator
573 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
577 =item Acknowledgments
583 =head2 perlpod - plain old documentation
591 =item Verbatim Paragraph
593 =item Command Paragraph
595 =item Ordinary Block of Text
599 =item Embedding Pods in Perl Modules
601 =item Common Pod Pitfalls
611 =head2 perlstyle - Perl style guide
619 =head2 perltrap - Perl traps for the unwary
637 =item Perl4 to Perl5 Traps
639 Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps, Parsing Traps, Numerical
640 Traps, General data type traps, Context Traps - scalar, list contexts,
641 Precedence Traps, General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc,
642 Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps, OS Traps, DBM Traps, Unclassified Traps
644 =item Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps
646 Discontinuance, Deprecation, BugFix, Discontinuance, Discontinuance,
647 Discontinuance, BugFix, Discontinuance, Discontinuance, BugFix,
648 Discontinuance, Deprecation, Discontinuance, Discontinuance
652 Parsing, Parsing, Parsing, Parsing
654 =item Numerical Traps
656 Numerical, Numerical, Numerical, Bitwise string ops
658 =item General data type traps
660 (Arrays), (Arrays), (Hashes), (Globs), (Globs), (Scalar String),
661 (Constants), (Scalars), (Variable Suicide)
663 =item Context Traps - scalar, list contexts
665 (list context), (scalar context), (scalar context), (list, builtin)
667 =item Precedence Traps
669 Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence,
672 =item General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc.
674 Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular
675 Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression,
678 =item Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps
680 (Signals), (Sort Subroutine), warn() won't let you specify a filehandle
686 =item Interpolation Traps
688 Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation,
689 Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation
695 =item Unclassified Traps
697 C<require>/C<do> trap using returned value, C<split> on empty string with
704 =head2 perlrun - how to execute the Perl interpreter
714 =item #! and quoting on non-Unix systems
716 OS/2, MS-DOS, Win95/NT, Macintosh, VMS
718 =item Location of Perl
720 =item Command Switches
722 B<-0>[I<digits>], B<-a>, B<-C>, B<-c>, B<-d>, B<-d:>I<foo[=bar,baz]>,
723 B<-D>I<letters>, B<-D>I<number>, B<-e> I<commandline>, B<-F>I<pattern>,
724 B<-h>, B<-i>[I<extension>], B<-I>I<directory>, B<-l>[I<octnum>],
725 B<-m>[B<->]I<module>, B<-M>[B<->]I<module>, B<-M>[B<->]I<'module ...'>,
726 B<-[mM]>[B<->]I<module=arg[,arg]...>, B<-n>, B<-p>, B<-P>, B<-s>, B<-S>,
727 B<-T>, B<-u>, B<-U>, B<-v>, B<-V>, B<-V:>I<name>, B<-w>, B<-W>, B<-X>,
734 HOME, LOGDIR, PATH, PERL5LIB, PERL5OPT, PERLLIB, PERL5DB, PERL5SHELL
735 (specific to the Win32 port), PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS, PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL,
736 PERL_ROOT (specific to the VMS port), SYS$LOGIN (specific to the VMS port)
740 =head2 perldiag - various Perl diagnostics
748 =head2 perllexwarn - Perl Lexical Warnings
756 =item Default Warnings and Optional Warnings
758 =item What's wrong with B<-w> and C<$^W>
760 =item Controlling Warnings from the Command Line
764 =item Backward Compatibility
766 =item Category Hierarchy
770 =item Reporting Warnings from a Module
782 =head2 perldebtut - Perl debugging tutorial
790 =item Looking at data and -w and w
794 =item Stepping through code
796 =item Placeholder for a, w, t, T
798 =item REGULAR EXPRESSIONS
816 =head2 perldebug - Perl debugging
822 =item The Perl Debugger
826 =item Debugger Commands
828 h [command], p expr, x expr, V [pkg [vars]], X [vars], T, s [expr], n
829 [expr], r, <CR>, c [line|sub], l, l min+incr, l min-max, l line, l subname,
830 -, w [line], f filename, /pattern/, ?pattern?, L, S [[!]regex], t, t expr,
831 b [line] [condition], b subname [condition], b postpone subname
832 [condition], b load filename, b compile subname, d [line], D, a [line]
833 command, a [line], A, W expr, W, O booloption .., O anyoption? .., O
834 option=value .., < ?, < [ command ], << command, > ?, > command, >>
835 command, { ?, { [ command ], {{ command, ! number, ! -number, ! pattern, !!
836 cmd, H -number, q or ^D, R, |dbcmd, ||dbcmd, command, m expr, man [manpage]
838 =item Configurable Options
840 C<recallCommand>, C<ShellBang>, C<pager>, C<tkRunning>, C<signalLevel>,
841 C<warnLevel>, C<dieLevel>, C<AutoTrace>, C<LineInfo>, C<inhibit_exit>,
842 C<PrintRet>, C<ornaments>, C<frame>, C<maxTraceLen>, C<arrayDepth>,
843 C<hashDepth>, C<compactDump>, C<veryCompact>, C<globPrint>, C<DumpDBFiles>,
844 C<DumpPackages>, C<DumpReused>, C<quote>, C<HighBit>, C<undefPrint>,
845 C<UsageOnly>, C<TTY>, C<noTTY>, C<ReadLine>, C<NonStop>
847 =item Debugger input/output
849 Prompt, Multiline commands, Stack backtrace, Line Listing Format, Frame
852 =item Debugging compile-time statements
854 =item Debugger Customization
856 =item Readline Support
858 =item Editor Support for Debugging
860 =item The Perl Profiler
864 =item Debugging regular expressions
866 =item Debugging memory usage
874 =head2 perlvar - Perl predefined variables
882 =item Predefined Names
884 $ARG, $_, $<I<digits>>, $MATCH, $&, $PREMATCH, $`, $POSTMATCH, $',
885 $LAST_PAREN_MATCH, $+, @LAST_MATCH_END, @+, $MULTILINE_MATCHING, $*,
886 input_line_number HANDLE EXPR, $INPUT_LINE_NUMBER, $NR, $,
887 input_record_separator HANDLE EXPR, $INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $RS, $/,
888 autoflush HANDLE EXPR, $OUTPUT_AUTOFLUSH, $|, output_field_separator HANDLE
889 EXPR, $OUTPUT_FIELD_SEPARATOR, $OFS, $,, output_record_separator HANDLE
890 EXPR, $OUTPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $ORS, $\, $LIST_SEPARATOR, $",
891 $SUBSCRIPT_SEPARATOR, $SUBSEP, $;, $OFMT, $#, format_page_number HANDLE
892 EXPR, $FORMAT_PAGE_NUMBER, $%, format_lines_per_page HANDLE EXPR,
893 $FORMAT_LINES_PER_PAGE, $=, format_lines_left HANDLE EXPR,
894 $FORMAT_LINES_LEFT, $-, @LAST_MATCH_START, @-, C<$`> is the same as
895 C<substr($var, 0, $-[0])>, C<$&> is the same as C<substr($var, $-[0], $+[0]
896 - $-[0])>, C<$'> is the same as C<substr($var, $+[0])>, C<$1> is the same
897 as C<substr($var, $-[1], $+[1] - $-[1])>, C<$2> is the same as
898 C<substr($var, $-[2], $+[2] - $-[2])>, C<$3> is the same as C<substr $var,
899 $-[3], $+[3] - $-[3])>, format_name HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_NAME, $~,
900 format_top_name HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_TOP_NAME, $^,
901 format_line_break_characters HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_LINE_BREAK_CHARACTERS,
902 $:, format_formfeed HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_FORMFEED, $^L, $ACCUMULATOR, $^A,
903 $CHILD_ERROR, $?, $OS_ERROR, $ERRNO, $!, $EXTENDED_OS_ERROR, $^E,
904 $EVAL_ERROR, $@, $PROCESS_ID, $PID, $$, $REAL_USER_ID, $UID, $<,
905 $EFFECTIVE_USER_ID, $EUID, $>, $REAL_GROUP_ID, $GID, $(,
906 $EFFECTIVE_GROUP_ID, $EGID, $), $PROGRAM_NAME, $0, $[, $], $COMPILING, $^C,
907 $DEBUGGING, $^D, $SYSTEM_FD_MAX, $^F, $^H, %^H, $INPLACE_EDIT, $^I, $^M,
908 $OSNAME, $^O, $PERLDB, $^P, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80,
909 0x100, 0x200, $LAST_REGEXP_CODE_RESULT, $^R, $EXCEPTIONS_BEING_CAUGHT, $^S,
910 $BASETIME, $^T, $PERL_VERSION, $^V, $WARNING, $^W, ${^WARNING_BITS},
911 ${^WIDE_SYSTEM_CALLS}, $EXECUTABLE_NAME, $^X, $ARGV, @ARGV, @INC, @_, %INC,
912 %ENV, $ENV{expr}, %SIG, $SIG{expr}
914 =item Error Indicators
916 =item Technical Note on the Syntax of Variable Names
924 =head2 perllol - Manipulating Arrays of Arrays in Perl
932 =item Declaration and Access of Arrays of Arrays
934 =item Growing Your Own
936 =item Access and Printing
948 =head2 perlopentut - tutorial on opening things in Perl
954 =item Open E<agrave> la shell
964 =item Mixing Reads and Writes
970 =item Open E<agrave> la C
974 =item Permissions E<agrave> la mode
978 =item Obscure Open Tricks
982 =item Re-Opening Files (dups)
984 =item Dispelling the Dweomer
988 =item Single Argument Open
990 =item Playing with STDIN and STDOUT
994 =item Other I/O Issues
998 =item Opening Non-File Files
1008 =item AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT
1014 =head2 perlretut - Perl regular expressions tutorial
1020 =item Part 1: The basics
1024 =item Simple word matching
1026 =item Using character classes
1028 =item Matching this or that
1030 =item Grouping things and hierarchical matching
1032 =item Extracting matches
1034 =item Matching repetitions
1036 =item Building a regexp
1038 =item Using regular expressions in Perl
1042 =item Part 2: Power tools
1046 =item More on characters, strings, and character classes
1048 =item Compiling and saving regular expressions
1050 =item Embedding comments and modifiers in a regular expression
1052 =item Non-capturing groupings
1054 =item Looking ahead and looking behind
1056 =item Using independent subexpressions to prevent backtracking
1058 =item Conditional expressions
1060 =item A bit of magic: executing Perl code in a regular expression
1062 =item Pragmas and debugging
1070 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1074 =item Acknowledgments
1080 =head2 perlre - Perl regular expressions
1090 =item Regular Expressions
1092 cntrl, graph, print, punct, xdigit
1094 =item Extended Patterns
1096 C<(?#text)>, C<(?imsx-imsx)>, C<(?:pattern)>, C<(?imsx-imsx:pattern)>,
1097 C<(?=pattern)>, C<(?!pattern)>, C<(?<=pattern)>, C<(?<!pattern)>, C<(?{
1098 code })>, C<(??{ code })>, C<< (?>pattern) >>,
1099 C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)>, C<(?(condition)yes-pattern)>
1103 =item Version 8 Regular Expressions
1105 =item Warning on \1 vs $1
1107 =item Repeated patterns matching zero-length substring
1109 =item Combining pieces together
1111 C<ST>, C<S|T>, C<S{REPEAT_COUNT}>, C<S{min,max}>, C<S{min,max}?>, C<S?>,
1112 C<S*>, C<S+>, C<S??>, C<S*?>, C<S+?>, C<< (?>S) >>, C<(?=S)>, C<(?<=S)>,
1113 C<(?!S)>, C<(?<!S)>, C<(??{ EXPR })>,
1114 C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)>
1116 =item Creating custom RE engines
1126 =head2 perlref - Perl references and nested data structures
1136 =item Making References
1138 =item Using References
1140 =item Symbolic references
1142 =item Not-so-symbolic references
1144 =item Pseudo-hashes: Using an array as a hash
1146 =item Function Templates
1156 =head2 perlform - Perl formats
1164 =item Format Variables
1174 =item Accessing Formatting Internals
1182 =head2 perlboot - Beginner's Object-Oriented Tutorial
1190 =item If we could talk to the animals...
1192 =item Introducing the method invocation arrow
1194 =item Invoking a barnyard
1196 =item The extra parameter of method invocation
1198 =item Calling a second method to simplify things
1200 =item Inheriting the windpipes
1202 =item A few notes about @ISA
1204 =item Overriding the methods
1206 =item Starting the search from a different place
1208 =item The SUPER way of doing things
1210 =item Where we're at so far...
1212 =item A horse is a horse, of course of course -- or is it?
1214 =item Invoking an instance method
1216 =item Accessing the instance data
1218 =item How to build a horse
1220 =item Inheriting the constructor
1222 =item Making a method work with either classes or instances
1224 =item Adding parameters to a method
1226 =item More interesting instances
1228 =item A horse of a different color
1240 =head2 perltoot - Tom's object-oriented tutorial for perl
1246 =item Creating a Class
1250 =item Object Representation
1252 =item Class Interface
1254 =item Constructors and Instance Methods
1256 =item Planning for the Future: Better Constructors
1260 =item Other Object Methods
1268 =item Accessing Class Data
1270 =item Debugging Methods
1272 =item Class Destructors
1274 =item Documenting the Interface
1284 =item Overridden Methods
1286 =item Multiple Inheritance
1288 =item UNIVERSAL: The Root of All Objects
1292 =item Alternate Object Representations
1296 =item Arrays as Objects
1298 =item Closures as Objects
1302 =item AUTOLOAD: Proxy Methods
1306 =item Autoloaded Data Methods
1308 =item Inherited Autoloaded Data Methods
1312 =item Metaclassical Tools
1318 =item Data Members as Variables
1326 =item Object Terminology
1332 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1338 =item Acknowledgments
1344 =head2 perltootc - Tom's OO Tutorial for Class Data in Perl
1350 =item Class Data in a Can
1352 =item Class Data as Package Variables
1356 =item Putting All Your Eggs in One Basket
1358 =item Inheritance Concerns
1360 =item The Eponymous Meta-Object
1362 =item Indirect References to Class Data
1364 =item Monadic Classes
1366 =item Translucent Attributes
1370 =item Class Data as Lexical Variables
1374 =item Privacy and Responsibility
1376 =item File-Scoped Lexicals
1378 =item More Inheritance Concerns
1380 =item Locking the Door and Throwing Away the Key
1382 =item Translucency Revisited
1390 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1392 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
1398 =head2 perlobj - Perl objects
1406 =item An Object is Simply a Reference
1408 =item A Class is Simply a Package
1410 =item A Method is Simply a Subroutine
1412 =item Method Invocation
1414 =item Indirect Object Syntax
1416 =item Default UNIVERSAL methods
1418 isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] )
1424 =item Two-Phased Garbage Collection
1432 =head2 perlbot - Bag'o Object Tricks (the BOT)
1438 =item OO SCALING TIPS
1440 =item INSTANCE VARIABLES
1442 =item SCALAR INSTANCE VARIABLES
1444 =item INSTANCE VARIABLE INHERITANCE
1446 =item OBJECT RELATIONSHIPS
1448 =item OVERRIDING SUPERCLASS METHODS
1450 =item USING RELATIONSHIP WITH SDBM
1452 =item THINKING OF CODE REUSE
1454 =item CLASS CONTEXT AND THE OBJECT
1456 =item INHERITING A CONSTRUCTOR
1462 =head2 perltie - how to hide an object class in a simple variable
1474 TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, UNTIE this,
1479 TIEARRAY classname, LIST, FETCH this, index, STORE this, index, value,
1480 FETCHSIZE this, STORESIZE this, count, EXTEND this, count, EXISTS this,
1481 key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, PUSH this, LIST, POP this, SHIFT this,
1482 UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST, UNTIE this, DESTROY
1487 USER, HOME, CLOBBER, LIST, TIEHASH classname, LIST, FETCH this, key, STORE
1488 this, key, value, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, EXISTS this, key, FIRSTKEY
1489 this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, UNTIE this, DESTROY this
1491 =item Tying FileHandles
1493 TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, WRITE this, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this,
1494 LIST, READ this, LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, CLOSE this, UNTIE this,
1499 =item The C<untie> Gotcha
1511 =head2 perlipc - Perl interprocess communication (signals, fifos, pipes,
1512 safe subprocesses, sockets, and semaphores)
1528 =item Using open() for IPC
1534 =item Background Processes
1536 =item Complete Dissociation of Child from Parent
1538 =item Safe Pipe Opens
1540 =item Bidirectional Communication with Another Process
1542 =item Bidirectional Communication with Yourself
1546 =item Sockets: Client/Server Communication
1550 =item Internet Line Terminators
1552 =item Internet TCP Clients and Servers
1554 =item Unix-Domain TCP Clients and Servers
1558 =item TCP Clients with IO::Socket
1562 =item A Simple Client
1564 C<Proto>, C<PeerAddr>, C<PeerPort>
1566 =item A Webget Client
1568 =item Interactive Client with IO::Socket
1572 =item TCP Servers with IO::Socket
1574 Proto, LocalPort, Listen, Reuse
1576 =item UDP: Message Passing
1590 =head2 perlfork - Perl's fork() emulation (EXPERIMENTAL, subject to change)
1600 =item Behavior of other Perl features in forked pseudo-processes
1602 $$ or $PROCESS_ID, %ENV, chdir() and all other builtins that accept
1603 filenames, wait() and waitpid(), kill(), exec(), exit(), Open handles to
1604 files, directories and network sockets
1606 =item Resource limits
1608 =item Killing the parent process
1610 =item Lifetime of the parent process and pseudo-processes
1612 =item CAVEATS AND LIMITATIONS
1614 BEGIN blocks, Open filehandles, Forking pipe open() not yet implemented,
1615 Global state maintained by XSUBs, Interpreter embedded in larger
1616 application, Thread-safety of extensions
1628 =head2 perlnumber - semantics of numbers and numeric operations in Perl
1636 =item Storing numbers
1638 =item Numeric operators and numeric conversions
1640 =item Flavors of Perl numeric operations
1642 Arithmetic operators except, C<no integer>, Arithmetic operators except,
1643 C<use integer>, Bitwise operators, C<no integer>, Bitwise operators, C<use
1644 integer>, Operators which expect an integer, Operators which expect a
1653 =head2 perlthrtut - tutorial on threads in Perl
1659 =item What Is A Thread Anyway?
1661 =item Threaded Program Models
1673 =item Native threads
1675 =item What kind of threads are perl threads?
1677 =item Threadsafe Modules
1683 =item Basic Thread Support
1685 =item Creating Threads
1687 =item Giving up control
1689 =item Waiting For A Thread To Exit
1691 =item Errors In Threads
1693 =item Ignoring A Thread
1697 =item Threads And Data
1701 =item Shared And Unshared Data
1703 =item Thread Pitfall: Races
1705 =item Controlling access: lock()
1707 =item Thread Pitfall: Deadlocks
1709 =item Queues: Passing Data Around
1713 =item Threads And Code
1717 =item Semaphores: Synchronizing Data Access
1719 Basic semaphores, Advanced Semaphores
1721 =item Attributes: Restricting Access To Subroutines
1723 =item Subroutine Locks
1727 =item Locking A Subroutine
1731 =item General Thread Utility Routines
1735 =item What Thread Am I In?
1739 =item Are These Threads The Same?
1741 =item What Threads Are Running?
1745 =item A Complete Example
1753 =item Introductory Texts
1755 =item OS-Related References
1757 =item Other References
1761 =item Acknowledgements
1769 =head2 perlport - Writing portable Perl
1775 Not all Perl programs have to be portable, Nearly all of Perl already I<is>
1784 =item Numbers endianness and Width
1786 =item Files and Filesystems
1788 =item System Interaction
1790 =item Interprocess Communication (IPC)
1792 =item External Subroutines (XS)
1794 =item Standard Modules
1798 =item Character sets and character encoding
1800 =item Internationalisation
1802 =item System Resources
1812 Mailing list: cpan-testers@perl.org, Testing results:
1813 http://testers.cpan.org/
1821 =item DOS and Derivatives
1829 =item EBCDIC Platforms
1837 =item FUNCTION IMPLEMENTATIONS
1841 =item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions
1843 -I<X> FILEHANDLE, -I<X> EXPR, -I<X>, alarm SECONDS, alarm, binmode
1844 FILEHANDLE, chmod LIST, chown LIST, chroot FILENAME, chroot, crypt
1845 PLAINTEXT,SALT, dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MODE, dump LABEL, exec
1846 LIST, fcntl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, flock FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, fork,
1847 getlogin, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority WHICH,WHO, getpwnam NAME,
1848 getgrnam NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getnetbyaddr
1849 ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER, getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent,
1850 getgrent, gethostent, getnetent, getprotoent, getservent, setpwent,
1851 setgrent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN,
1852 setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent, endhostent, endnetent,
1853 endprotoent, endservent, getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, glob,
1854 ioctl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, kill SIGNAL, LIST, link OLDFILE,NEWFILE,
1855 lstat FILEHANDLE, lstat EXPR, lstat, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget KEY,FLAGS,
1856 msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS, msgrcv ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR,
1857 open FILEHANDLE, pipe READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, readlink EXPR, readlink,
1858 select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, semctl ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget
1859 KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, setgrent, setpgrp PID,PGRP,
1860 setpriority WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setpwent, setsockopt
1861 SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS,
1862 shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE, shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, sockatmark SOCKET,
1863 socketpair SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, stat FILEHANDLE, stat
1864 EXPR, stat, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen
1865 FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, system LIST, times, truncate
1866 FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, umask EXPR, umask, utime LIST,
1867 wait, waitpid PID,FLAGS
1873 v1.48, 02 February 2001, v1.47, 22 March 2000, v1.46, 12 February 2000,
1874 v1.45, 20 December 1999, v1.44, 19 July 1999, v1.43, 24 May 1999, v1.42, 22
1875 May 1999, v1.41, 19 May 1999, v1.40, 11 April 1999, v1.39, 11 February
1876 1999, v1.38, 31 December 1998, v1.37, 19 December 1998, v1.36, 9 September
1877 1998, v1.35, 13 August 1998, v1.33, 06 August 1998, v1.32, 05 August 1998,
1878 v1.30, 03 August 1998, v1.23, 10 July 1998
1880 =item Supported Platforms
1884 =item AUTHORS / CONTRIBUTORS
1890 =head2 perllocale - Perl locale handling (internationalization and
1897 =item PREPARING TO USE LOCALES
1903 =item The use locale pragma
1905 =item The setlocale function
1907 =item Finding locales
1909 =item LOCALE PROBLEMS
1911 =item Temporarily fixing locale problems
1913 =item Permanently fixing locale problems
1915 =item Permanently fixing your system's locale configuration
1917 =item Fixing system locale configuration
1919 =item The localeconv function
1923 =item LOCALE CATEGORIES
1927 =item Category LC_COLLATE: Collation
1929 =item Category LC_CTYPE: Character Types
1931 =item Category LC_NUMERIC: Numeric Formatting
1933 =item Category LC_MONETARY: Formatting of monetary amounts
1937 =item Other categories
1945 PERL_BADLANG, LC_ALL, LANGUAGE, LC_CTYPE, LC_COLLATE, LC_MONETARY,
1946 LC_NUMERIC, LC_TIME, LANG
1952 =item Backward compatibility
1954 =item I18N:Collate obsolete
1956 =item Sort speed and memory use impacts
1958 =item write() and LC_NUMERIC
1960 =item Freely available locale definitions
1964 =item An imperfect standard
1972 =item Broken systems
1982 =head2 perlunicode - Unicode support in Perl
1990 =item Important Caveats
1992 Input and Output Disciplines, Regular Expressions, C<use utf8> still needed
1993 to enable a few features
1995 =item Byte and Character semantics
1997 =item Effects of character semantics
1999 =item Character encodings for input and output
2009 =head2 perlebcdic - Considerations for running Perl on EBCDIC platforms
2015 =item COMMON CHARACTER CODE SETS
2023 =item Latin 1 (ISO 8859-1)
2027 =item 13 variant characters
2035 =item Unicode and UTF
2039 =item SINGLE OCTET TABLES
2041 recipe 0, recipe 1, recipe 2, recipe 3, recipe 4, recipe 5, recipe 6
2043 =item IDENTIFYING CHARACTER CODE SETS
2057 =item OPERATOR DIFFERENCES
2059 =item FUNCTION DIFFERENCES
2061 chr(), ord(), pack(), print(), printf(), sort(), sprintf(), unpack()
2063 =item REGULAR EXPRESSION DIFFERENCES
2071 =item Ignore ASCII vs. EBCDIC sort differences.
2073 =item MONO CASE then sort data.
2075 =item Convert, sort data, then re convert.
2077 =item Perform sorting on one type of machine only.
2081 =item TRANSFORMATION FORMATS
2085 =item URL decoding and encoding
2087 =item uu encoding and decoding
2089 =item Quoted-Printable encoding and decoding
2091 =item Caesarian ciphers
2095 =item Hashing order and checksums
2099 =item MULTI OCTET CHARACTER SETS
2111 chcp, dataset access, OS/390, z/OS iconv, locales
2131 =head2 perlsec - Perl security
2139 =item Laundering and Detecting Tainted Data
2141 =item Switches On the "#!" Line
2143 =item Cleaning Up Your Path
2147 =item Protecting Your Programs
2155 =head2 perlmod - Perl modules (packages and symbol tables)
2167 =item Package Constructors and Destructors
2179 =head2 perlmodlib - constructing new Perl modules and finding existing ones
2185 =item THE PERL MODULE LIBRARY
2189 =item Pragmatic Modules
2191 attributes, attrs, autouse, base, blib, bytes, charnames, constant,
2192 diagnostics, fields, filetest, integer, less, locale, open, ops, overload,
2193 re, sigtrap, strict, subs, unicode::distinct, utf8, vars, warnings,
2196 =item Standard Modules
2198 AnyDBM_File, AutoLoader, AutoSplit, B, B::Asmdata, B::Assembler, B::Bblock,
2199 B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Concise, B::Debug, B::Deparse,
2200 B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex, B::Stackobj, B::Stash, B::Terse,
2201 B::Xref, Benchmark, ByteLoader, CGI, CGI::Apache, CGI::Carp, CGI::Cookie,
2202 CGI::Fast, CGI::Pretty, CGI::Push, CGI::Switch, CGI::Util, CPAN,
2203 CPAN::FirstTime, CPAN::Nox, Carp, Carp::Heavy, Class::ISA, Class::Struct,
2204 Cwd, DB, DB_File, Devel::SelfStubber, Digest, DirHandle, Dumpvalue, Encode,
2205 Encode::EncodeFormat, Encode::Tcl, English, Env, Exporter, Exporter::Heavy,
2206 ExtUtils::Command, ExtUtils::Embed, ExtUtils::Install, ExtUtils::Installed,
2207 ExtUtils::Liblist, ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin, ExtUtils::MM_OS2,
2208 ExtUtils::MM_Unix, ExtUtils::MM_VMS, ExtUtils::MM_Win32,
2209 ExtUtils::MakeMaker, ExtUtils::Manifest, ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap,
2210 ExtUtils::Mksymlists, ExtUtils::Packlist, ExtUtils::testlib, Fatal, Fcntl,
2211 File::Basename, File::CheckTree, File::Compare, File::Copy, File::DosGlob,
2212 File::Find, File::Path, File::Spec, File::Spec::Epoc,
2213 File::Spec::Functions, File::Spec::Mac, File::Spec::OS2, File::Spec::Unix,
2214 File::Spec::VMS, File::Spec::Win32, File::Temp, File::stat, FileCache,
2215 FileHandle, Filter::Simple, FindBin, Getopt::Long, Getopt::Std,
2216 I18N::Collate, IO, IPC::Open2, IPC::Open3, Locale::Constants,
2217 Locale::Country, Locale::Currency, Locale::Language, Math::BigFloat,
2218 Math::BigInt, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, NDBM_File, NEXT, Net::Ping,
2219 Net::hostent, Net::netent, Net::protoent, Net::servent, O, ODBM_File,
2220 Opcode, POSIX, PerlIO, Pod::Checker, Pod::Find, Pod::Html,
2221 Pod::InputObjects, Pod::LaTeX, Pod::Man, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Parser,
2222 Pod::Plainer, Pod::Select, Pod::Text, Pod::Text::Color,
2223 Pod::Text::Overstrike, Pod::Text::Termcap, Pod::Usage, SDBM_File, Safe,
2224 Search::Dict, SelectSaver, SelfLoader, Shell, Socket, Storable, Switch,
2225 Symbol, Term::ANSIColor, Term::Cap, Term::Complete, Term::ReadLine, Test,
2226 Test::Harness, Text::Abbrev, Text::Balanced, Text::ParseWords,
2227 Text::Soundex, Text::Tabs, Text::Wrap, Tie::Array, Tie::Handle, Tie::Hash,
2228 Tie::RefHash, Tie::Scalar, Tie::SubstrHash, Time::Local, Time::gmtime,
2229 Time::localtime, Time::tm, UNIVERSAL, User::grent, User::pwent, Win32
2231 =item Extension Modules
2243 =item Central America
2255 =item Modules: Creation, Use, and Abuse
2259 =item Guidelines for Module Creation
2261 Adding a Copyright Notice
2263 =item Guidelines for Converting Perl 4 Library Scripts into Modules
2265 =item Guidelines for Reusing Application Code
2273 =head2 perlmodinstall - Installing CPAN Modules
2283 B<DECOMPRESS> the file, B<UNPACK> the file into a directory, B<BUILD> the
2284 module (sometimes unnecessary), B<INSTALL> the module
2298 =head2 perlnewmod - preparing a new module for distribution
2308 =item What should I make into a module?
2310 =item Step-by-step: Preparing the ground
2312 Look around, Check it's new, Discuss the need, Choose a name, Check again
2314 =item Step-by-step: Making the module
2316 Start with F<h2xs>, Use L<strict|strict> and L<warnings|warnings>, Use
2317 L<Carp|Carp>, Use L<Exporter|Exporter> - wisely!, Use L<plain old
2318 documentation|perlpod>, Write tests, Write the README
2320 =item Step-by-step: Distributing your module
2322 Get a CPAN user ID, C<perl Makefile.PL; make test; make dist>, Upload the
2323 tarball, Announce to the modules list, Announce to clpa, Fix bugs!
2333 =head2 perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl ($Revision: 1.23 $, $Date:
2334 1999/05/23 16:08:30 $)
2344 =item Who supports Perl? Who develops it? Why is it free?
2346 =item Which version of Perl should I use?
2348 =item What are perl4 and perl5?
2350 =item What is perl6?
2352 =item How stable is Perl?
2354 =item Is Perl difficult to learn?
2356 =item How does Perl compare with other languages like Java, Python, REXX,
2359 =item Can I do [task] in Perl?
2361 =item When shouldn't I program in Perl?
2363 =item What's the difference between "perl" and "Perl"?
2365 =item Is it a Perl program or a Perl script?
2367 =item What is a JAPH?
2369 =item Where can I get a list of Larry Wall witticisms?
2371 =item How can I convince my sysadmin/supervisor/employees to use version
2372 5/5.005/Perl instead of some other language?
2376 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
2380 =head2 perlfaq2 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl ($Revision: 1.32 $,
2381 $Date: 1999/10/14 18:46:09 $)
2389 =item What machines support Perl? Where do I get it?
2391 =item How can I get a binary version of Perl?
2393 =item I don't have a C compiler on my system. How can I compile perl?
2395 =item I copied the Perl binary from one machine to another, but scripts
2398 =item I grabbed the sources and tried to compile but gdbm/dynamic
2399 loading/malloc/linking/... failed. How do I make it work?
2401 =item What modules and extensions are available for Perl? What is CPAN?
2402 What does CPAN/src/... mean?
2404 =item Is there an ISO or ANSI certified version of Perl?
2406 =item Where can I get information on Perl?
2408 =item What are the Perl newsgroups on Usenet? Where do I post questions?
2410 =item Where should I post source code?
2414 References, Tutorials, Task-Oriented, Special Topics
2416 =item Perl in Magazines
2418 =item Perl on the Net: FTP and WWW Access
2420 =item What mailing lists are there for Perl?
2422 =item Archives of comp.lang.perl.misc
2424 =item Where can I buy a commercial version of Perl?
2426 =item Where do I send bug reports?
2428 =item What is perl.com? Perl Mongers? pm.org? perl.org?
2432 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
2436 =head2 perlfaq3 - Programming Tools ($Revision: 1.38 $, $Date: 1999/05/23
2445 =item How do I do (anything)?
2447 =item How can I use Perl interactively?
2449 =item Is there a Perl shell?
2451 =item How do I debug my Perl programs?
2453 =item How do I profile my Perl programs?
2455 =item How do I cross-reference my Perl programs?
2457 =item Is there a pretty-printer (formatter) for Perl?
2459 =item Is there a ctags for Perl?
2461 =item Is there an IDE or Windows Perl Editor?
2463 Komodo, The Object System, Open Perl IDE, PerlBuilder, visiPerl+,
2464 CodeMagicCD, GNU Emacs, MicroEMACS, XEmacs, Elvis, Vile, Vim, Codewright,
2465 MultiEdit, SlickEdit, Bash, Ksh, Tcsh, Zsh, BBEdit and BBEdit Lite, Alpha
2467 =item Where can I get Perl macros for vi?
2469 =item Where can I get perl-mode for emacs?
2471 =item How can I use curses with Perl?
2473 =item How can I use X or Tk with Perl?
2475 =item How can I generate simple menus without using CGI or Tk?
2477 =item What is undump?
2479 =item How can I make my Perl program run faster?
2481 =item How can I make my Perl program take less memory?
2483 =item Is it unsafe to return a pointer to local data?
2485 =item How can I free an array or hash so my program shrinks?
2487 =item How can I make my CGI script more efficient?
2489 =item How can I hide the source for my Perl program?
2491 =item How can I compile my Perl program into byte code or C?
2493 =item How can I compile Perl into Java?
2495 =item How can I get C<#!perl> to work on [MS-DOS,NT,...]?
2497 =item Can I write useful Perl programs on the command line?
2499 =item Why don't Perl one-liners work on my DOS/Mac/VMS system?
2501 =item Where can I learn about CGI or Web programming in Perl?
2503 =item Where can I learn about object-oriented Perl programming?
2505 =item Where can I learn about linking C with Perl? [h2xs, xsubpp]
2507 =item I've read perlembed, perlguts, etc., but I can't embed perl in
2508 my C program; what am I doing wrong?
2510 =item When I tried to run my script, I got this message. What does it
2513 =item What's MakeMaker?
2517 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
2521 =head2 perlfaq4 - Data Manipulation ($Revision: 1.49 $, $Date: 1999/05/23
2532 =item Why am I getting long decimals (eg, 19.9499999999999) instead of the
2533 numbers I should be getting (eg, 19.95)?
2535 =item Why isn't my octal data interpreted correctly?
2537 =item Does Perl have a round() function? What about ceil() and floor()?
2540 =item How do I convert bits into ints?
2542 =item Why doesn't & work the way I want it to?
2544 =item How do I multiply matrices?
2546 =item How do I perform an operation on a series of integers?
2548 =item How can I output Roman numerals?
2550 =item Why aren't my random numbers random?
2558 =item How do I find the week-of-the-year/day-of-the-year?
2560 =item How do I find the current century or millennium?
2562 =item How can I compare two dates and find the difference?
2564 =item How can I take a string and turn it into epoch seconds?
2566 =item How can I find the Julian Day?
2568 =item How do I find yesterday's date?
2570 =item Does Perl have a Year 2000 problem? Is Perl Y2K compliant?
2578 =item How do I validate input?
2580 =item How do I unescape a string?
2582 =item How do I remove consecutive pairs of characters?
2584 =item How do I expand function calls in a string?
2586 =item How do I find matching/nesting anything?
2588 =item How do I reverse a string?
2590 =item How do I expand tabs in a string?
2592 =item How do I reformat a paragraph?
2594 =item How can I access/change the first N letters of a string?
2596 =item How do I change the Nth occurrence of something?
2598 =item How can I count the number of occurrences of a substring within a
2601 =item How do I capitalize all the words on one line?
2603 =item How can I split a [character] delimited string except when inside
2604 [character]? (Comma-separated files)
2606 =item How do I strip blank space from the beginning/end of a string?
2608 =item How do I pad a string with blanks or pad a number with zeroes?
2610 =item How do I extract selected columns from a string?
2612 =item How do I find the soundex value of a string?
2614 =item How can I expand variables in text strings?
2616 =item What's wrong with always quoting "$vars"?
2618 =item Why don't my <<HERE documents work?
2620 1. There must be no space after the << part, 2. There (probably) should be
2621 a semicolon at the end, 3. You can't (easily) have any space in front of
2630 =item What is the difference between a list and an array?
2632 =item What is the difference between $array[1] and @array[1]?
2634 =item How can I remove duplicate elements from a list or array?
2638 =item How can I tell whether a list or array contains a certain element?
2640 =item How do I compute the difference of two arrays? How do I compute the
2641 intersection of two arrays?
2643 =item How do I test whether two arrays or hashes are equal?
2645 =item How do I find the first array element for which a condition is true?
2647 =item How do I handle linked lists?
2649 =item How do I handle circular lists?
2651 =item How do I shuffle an array randomly?
2653 =item How do I process/modify each element of an array?
2655 =item How do I select a random element from an array?
2657 =item How do I permute N elements of a list?
2659 =item How do I sort an array by (anything)?
2661 =item How do I manipulate arrays of bits?
2663 =item Why does defined() return true on empty arrays and hashes?
2667 =item Data: Hashes (Associative Arrays)
2671 =item How do I process an entire hash?
2673 =item What happens if I add or remove keys from a hash while iterating over
2676 =item How do I look up a hash element by value?
2678 =item How can I know how many entries are in a hash?
2680 =item How do I sort a hash (optionally by value instead of key)?
2682 =item How can I always keep my hash sorted?
2684 =item What's the difference between "delete" and "undef" with hashes?
2686 =item Why don't my tied hashes make the defined/exists distinction?
2688 =item How do I reset an each() operation part-way through?
2690 =item How can I get the unique keys from two hashes?
2692 =item How can I store a multidimensional array in a DBM file?
2694 =item How can I make my hash remember the order I put elements into it?
2696 =item Why does passing a subroutine an undefined element in a hash create
2699 =item How can I make the Perl equivalent of a C structure/C++ class/hash or
2700 array of hashes or arrays?
2702 =item How can I use a reference as a hash key?
2710 =item How do I handle binary data correctly?
2712 =item How do I determine whether a scalar is a number/whole/integer/float?
2714 =item How do I keep persistent data across program calls?
2716 =item How do I print out or copy a recursive data structure?
2718 =item How do I define methods for every class/object?
2720 =item How do I verify a credit card checksum?
2722 =item How do I pack arrays of doubles or floats for XS code?
2726 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
2730 =head2 perlfaq5 - Files and Formats ($Revision: 1.38 $, $Date: 1999/05/23
2739 =item How do I flush/unbuffer an output filehandle? Why must I do this?
2741 =item How do I change one line in a file/delete a line in a file/insert a
2742 line in the middle of a file/append to the beginning of a file?
2744 =item How do I count the number of lines in a file?
2746 =item How do I make a temporary file name?
2748 =item How can I manipulate fixed-record-length files?
2750 =item How can I make a filehandle local to a subroutine? How do I pass
2751 filehandles between subroutines? How do I make an array of filehandles?
2753 =item How can I use a filehandle indirectly?
2755 =item How can I set up a footer format to be used with write()?
2757 =item How can I write() into a string?
2759 =item How can I output my numbers with commas added?
2761 =item How can I translate tildes (~) in a filename?
2763 =item How come when I open a file read-write it wipes it out?
2765 =item Why do I sometimes get an "Argument list too long" when I use <*>?
2767 =item Is there a leak/bug in glob()?
2769 =item How can I open a file with a leading ">" or trailing blanks?
2771 =item How can I reliably rename a file?
2773 =item How can I lock a file?
2775 =item Why can't I just open(FH, ">file.lock")?
2777 =item I still don't get locking. I just want to increment the number in
2778 the file. How can I do this?
2780 =item All I want to do is append a small amount of text to the end of a
2781 file. Do I still have to use locking?
2783 =item How do I randomly update a binary file?
2785 =item How do I get a file's timestamp in perl?
2787 =item How do I set a file's timestamp in perl?
2789 =item How do I print to more than one file at once?
2791 =item How can I read in an entire file all at once?
2793 =item How can I read in a file by paragraphs?
2795 =item How can I read a single character from a file? From the keyboard?
2797 =item How can I tell whether there's a character waiting on a filehandle?
2799 =item How do I do a C<tail -f> in perl?
2801 =item How do I dup() a filehandle in Perl?
2803 =item How do I close a file descriptor by number?
2805 =item Why can't I use "C:\temp\foo" in DOS paths? What doesn't
2806 `C:\temp\foo.exe` work?
2808 =item Why doesn't glob("*.*") get all the files?
2810 =item Why does Perl let me delete read-only files? Why does C<-i> clobber
2811 protected files? Isn't this a bug in Perl?
2813 =item How do I select a random line from a file?
2815 =item Why do I get weird spaces when I print an array of lines?
2819 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
2823 =head2 perlfaq6 - Regexes ($Revision: 1.27 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 16:08:30 $)
2831 =item How can I hope to use regular expressions without creating illegible
2832 and unmaintainable code?
2834 Comments Outside the Regex, Comments Inside the Regex, Different Delimiters
2836 =item I'm having trouble matching over more than one line. What's wrong?
2838 =item How can I pull out lines between two patterns that are themselves on
2841 =item I put a regular expression into $/ but it didn't work. What's wrong?
2843 =item How do I substitute case insensitively on the LHS while preserving
2846 =item How can I make C<\w> match national character sets?
2848 =item How can I match a locale-smart version of C</[a-zA-Z]/>?
2850 =item How can I quote a variable to use in a regex?
2852 =item What is C</o> really for?
2854 =item How do I use a regular expression to strip C style comments from a
2857 =item Can I use Perl regular expressions to match balanced text?
2859 =item What does it mean that regexes are greedy? How can I get around it?
2861 =item How do I process each word on each line?
2863 =item How can I print out a word-frequency or line-frequency summary?
2865 =item How can I do approximate matching?
2867 =item How do I efficiently match many regular expressions at once?
2869 =item Why don't word-boundary searches with C<\b> work for me?
2871 =item Why does using $&, $`, or $' slow my program down?
2873 =item What good is C<\G> in a regular expression?
2875 =item Are Perl regexes DFAs or NFAs? Are they POSIX compliant?
2877 =item What's wrong with using grep or map in a void context?
2879 =item How can I match strings with multibyte characters?
2881 =item How do I match a pattern that is supplied by the user?
2885 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
2889 =head2 perlfaq7 - Perl Language Issues ($Revision: 1.28 $, $Date:
2890 1999/05/23 20:36:18 $)
2898 =item Can I get a BNF/yacc/RE for the Perl language?
2900 =item What are all these $@%&* punctuation signs, and how do I know when to
2903 =item Do I always/never have to quote my strings or use semicolons and
2906 =item How do I skip some return values?
2908 =item How do I temporarily block warnings?
2910 =item What's an extension?
2912 =item Why do Perl operators have different precedence than C operators?
2914 =item How do I declare/create a structure?
2916 =item How do I create a module?
2918 =item How do I create a class?
2920 =item How can I tell if a variable is tainted?
2922 =item What's a closure?
2924 =item What is variable suicide and how can I prevent it?
2926 =item How can I pass/return a {Function, FileHandle, Array, Hash, Method,
2929 Passing Variables and Functions, Passing Filehandles, Passing Regexes,
2932 =item How do I create a static variable?
2934 =item What's the difference between dynamic and lexical (static) scoping?
2935 Between local() and my()?
2937 =item How can I access a dynamic variable while a similarly named lexical
2940 =item What's the difference between deep and shallow binding?
2942 =item Why doesn't "my($foo) = <FILE>;" work right?
2944 =item How do I redefine a builtin function, operator, or method?
2946 =item What's the difference between calling a function as &foo and foo()?
2948 =item How do I create a switch or case statement?
2950 =item How can I catch accesses to undefined variables/functions/methods?
2952 =item Why can't a method included in this same file be found?
2954 =item How can I find out my current package?
2956 =item How can I comment out a large block of perl code?
2958 =item How do I clear a package?
2960 =item How can I use a variable as a variable name?
2964 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
2968 =head2 perlfaq8 - System Interaction ($Revision: 1.39 $, $Date: 1999/05/23
2977 =item How do I find out which operating system I'm running under?
2979 =item How come exec() doesn't return?
2981 =item How do I do fancy stuff with the keyboard/screen/mouse?
2983 Keyboard, Screen, Mouse
2985 =item How do I print something out in color?
2987 =item How do I read just one key without waiting for a return key?
2989 =item How do I check whether input is ready on the keyboard?
2991 =item How do I clear the screen?
2993 =item How do I get the screen size?
2995 =item How do I ask the user for a password?
2997 =item How do I read and write the serial port?
2999 lockfiles, open mode, end of line, flushing output, non-blocking input
3001 =item How do I decode encrypted password files?
3003 =item How do I start a process in the background?
3005 STDIN, STDOUT, and STDERR are shared, Signals, Zombies
3007 =item How do I trap control characters/signals?
3009 =item How do I modify the shadow password file on a Unix system?
3011 =item How do I set the time and date?
3013 =item How can I sleep() or alarm() for under a second?
3015 =item How can I measure time under a second?
3017 =item How can I do an atexit() or setjmp()/longjmp()? (Exception handling)
3019 =item Why doesn't my sockets program work under System V (Solaris)? What
3020 does the error message "Protocol not supported" mean?
3022 =item How can I call my system's unique C functions from Perl?
3024 =item Where do I get the include files to do ioctl() or syscall()?
3026 =item Why do setuid perl scripts complain about kernel problems?
3028 =item How can I open a pipe both to and from a command?
3030 =item Why can't I get the output of a command with system()?
3032 =item How can I capture STDERR from an external command?
3034 =item Why doesn't open() return an error when a pipe open fails?
3036 =item What's wrong with using backticks in a void context?
3038 =item How can I call backticks without shell processing?
3040 =item Why can't my script read from STDIN after I gave it EOF (^D on Unix,
3043 =item How can I convert my shell script to perl?
3045 =item Can I use perl to run a telnet or ftp session?
3047 =item How can I write expect in Perl?
3049 =item Is there a way to hide perl's command line from programs such as
3052 =item I {changed directory, modified my environment} in a perl script. How
3053 come the change disappeared when I exited the script? How do I get my
3054 changes to be visible?
3058 =item How do I close a process's filehandle without waiting for it to
3061 =item How do I fork a daemon process?
3063 =item How do I find out if I'm running interactively or not?
3065 =item How do I timeout a slow event?
3067 =item How do I set CPU limits?
3069 =item How do I avoid zombies on a Unix system?
3071 =item How do I use an SQL database?
3073 =item How do I make a system() exit on control-C?
3075 =item How do I open a file without blocking?
3077 =item How do I install a module from CPAN?
3079 =item What's the difference between require and use?
3081 =item How do I keep my own module/library directory?
3083 =item How do I add the directory my program lives in to the module/library
3086 =item How do I add a directory to my include path at runtime?
3088 =item What is socket.ph and where do I get it?
3092 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
3096 =head2 perlfaq9 - Networking ($Revision: 1.26 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 16:08:30
3105 =item My CGI script runs from the command line but not the browser. (500
3108 =item How can I get better error messages from a CGI program?
3110 =item How do I remove HTML from a string?
3112 =item How do I extract URLs?
3114 =item How do I download a file from the user's machine? How do I open a
3115 file on another machine?
3117 =item How do I make a pop-up menu in HTML?
3119 =item How do I fetch an HTML file?
3121 =item How do I automate an HTML form submission?
3123 =item How do I decode or create those %-encodings on the web?
3125 =item How do I redirect to another page?
3127 =item How do I put a password on my web pages?
3129 =item How do I edit my .htpasswd and .htgroup files with Perl?
3131 =item How do I make sure users can't enter values into a form that cause my
3132 CGI script to do bad things?
3134 =item How do I parse a mail header?
3136 =item How do I decode a CGI form?
3138 =item How do I check a valid mail address?
3140 =item How do I decode a MIME/BASE64 string?
3142 =item How do I return the user's mail address?
3144 =item How do I send mail?
3146 =item How do I use MIME to make an attachment to a mail message?
3148 =item How do I read mail?
3150 =item How do I find out my hostname/domainname/IP address?
3152 =item How do I fetch a news article or the active newsgroups?
3154 =item How do I fetch/put an FTP file?
3156 =item How can I do RPC in Perl?
3160 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
3164 =head2 perlcompile - Introduction to the Perl Compiler-Translator
3174 B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Lint, B::Deparse, B::Xref
3178 =item Using The Back Ends
3182 =item The Cross Referencing Back End
3186 =item The Decompiling Back End
3188 =item The Lint Back End
3190 =item The Simple C Back End
3192 =item The Bytecode Back End
3194 =item The Optimized C Back End
3196 B, O, B::Asmdata, B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC,
3197 B::Debug, B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex, B::Stackobj,
3198 B::Stash, B::Terse, B::Xref
3202 =item KNOWN PROBLEMS
3208 =head2 perlembed - how to embed perl in your C program
3218 B<Use C from Perl?>, B<Use a Unix program from Perl?>, B<Use Perl from
3219 Perl?>, B<Use C from C?>, B<Use Perl from C?>
3223 =item Compiling your C program
3225 =item Adding a Perl interpreter to your C program
3227 =item Calling a Perl subroutine from your C program
3229 =item Evaluating a Perl statement from your C program
3231 =item Performing Perl pattern matches and substitutions from your C program
3233 =item Fiddling with the Perl stack from your C program
3235 =item Maintaining a persistent interpreter
3237 =item Maintaining multiple interpreter instances
3239 =item Using Perl modules, which themselves use C libraries, from your C
3244 =item Embedding Perl under Win32
3254 =head2 perldebguts - Guts of Perl debugging
3260 =item Debugger Internals
3264 =item Writing Your Own Debugger
3268 =item Frame Listing Output Examples
3270 =item Debugging regular expressions
3274 =item Compile-time output
3276 C<anchored> I<STRING> C<at> I<POS>, C<floating> I<STRING> C<at>
3277 I<POS1..POS2>, C<matching floating/anchored>, C<minlen>, C<stclass>
3278 I<TYPE>, C<noscan>, C<isall>, C<GPOS>, C<plus>, C<implicit>, C<with eval>,
3281 =item Types of nodes
3283 =item Run-time output
3287 =item Debugging Perl memory usage
3291 =item Using C<$ENV{PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS}>
3293 C<buckets SMALLEST(APPROX)..GREATEST(APPROX)>, Free/Used, C<Total sbrk():
3294 SBRKed/SBRKs:CONTINUOUS>, C<pad: 0>, C<heads: 2192>, C<chain: 0>, C<tail:
3297 =item Example of using B<-DL> switch
3299 C<717>, C<002>, C<054>, C<602>, C<702>, C<704>
3301 =item B<-DL> details
3305 =item Limitations of B<-DL> statistics
3313 =head2 perlxstut, perlXStut - Tutorial for writing XSUBs
3325 =item Version caveat
3327 =item Dynamic Loading versus Static Loading
3339 =item What has gone on?
3341 =item Writing good test scripts
3345 =item What's new here?
3347 =item Input and Output Parameters
3349 =item The XSUBPP Program
3351 =item The TYPEMAP file
3353 =item Warning about Output Arguments
3357 =item What has happened here?
3359 =item Anatomy of .xs file
3361 =item Getting the fat out of XSUBs
3363 =item More about XSUB arguments
3365 =item The Argument Stack
3367 =item Extending your Extension
3369 =item Documenting your Extension
3371 =item Installing your Extension
3375 =item New Things in this Example
3379 =item New Things in this Example
3381 =item EXAMPLE 7 (Coming Soon)
3383 =item EXAMPLE 8 (Coming Soon)
3385 =item EXAMPLE 9 (Coming Soon)
3387 =item Troubleshooting these Examples
3403 =head2 perlxs - XS language reference manual
3415 =item The Anatomy of an XSUB
3417 =item The Argument Stack
3419 =item The RETVAL Variable
3421 =item The MODULE Keyword
3423 =item The PACKAGE Keyword
3425 =item The PREFIX Keyword
3427 =item The OUTPUT: Keyword
3429 =item The NO_OUTPUT Keyword
3431 =item The CODE: Keyword
3433 =item The INIT: Keyword
3435 =item The NO_INIT Keyword
3437 =item Initializing Function Parameters
3439 =item Default Parameter Values
3441 =item The PREINIT: Keyword
3443 =item The SCOPE: Keyword
3445 =item The INPUT: Keyword
3447 =item The IN/OUTLIST/IN_OUTLIST/OUT/IN_OUT Keywords
3449 =item Variable-length Parameter Lists
3451 =item The C_ARGS: Keyword
3453 =item The PPCODE: Keyword
3455 =item Returning Undef And Empty Lists
3457 =item The REQUIRE: Keyword
3459 =item The CLEANUP: Keyword
3461 =item The POST_CALL: Keyword
3463 =item The BOOT: Keyword
3465 =item The VERSIONCHECK: Keyword
3467 =item The PROTOTYPES: Keyword
3469 =item The PROTOTYPE: Keyword
3471 =item The ALIAS: Keyword
3473 =item The INTERFACE: Keyword
3475 =item The INTERFACE_MACRO: Keyword
3477 =item The INCLUDE: Keyword
3479 =item The CASE: Keyword
3481 =item The & Unary Operator
3483 =item Inserting POD, Comments and C Preprocessor Directives
3485 =item Using XS With C++
3487 =item Interface Strategy
3489 =item Perl Objects And C Structures
3503 =head2 perlclib - Internal replacements for standard C library functions
3513 C<t>, C<p>, C<n>, C<s>
3515 =item File Operations
3517 =item File Input and Output
3519 =item File Positioning
3521 =item Memory Management and String Handling
3523 =item Character Class Tests
3525 =item F<stdlib.h> functions
3527 =item Miscellaneous functions
3535 =head2 perlguts - Introduction to the Perl API
3547 =item What is an "IV"?
3549 =item Working with SVs
3553 =item What's Really Stored in an SV?
3555 =item Working with AVs
3557 =item Working with HVs
3559 =item Hash API Extensions
3563 =item Blessed References and Class Objects
3565 =item Creating New Variables
3567 =item Reference Counts and Mortality
3569 =item Stashes and Globs
3571 =item Double-Typed SVs
3573 =item Magic Variables
3575 =item Assigning Magic
3577 =item Magic Virtual Tables
3581 =item Understanding the Magic of Tied Hashes and Arrays
3583 =item Localizing changes
3585 C<SAVEINT(int i)>, C<SAVEIV(IV i)>, C<SAVEI32(I32 i)>, C<SAVELONG(long i)>,
3586 C<SAVESPTR(s)>, C<SAVEPPTR(p)>, C<SAVEFREESV(SV *sv)>, C<SAVEMORTALIZESV(SV
3587 *sv)>, C<SAVEFREEOP(OP *op)>, C<SAVEFREEPV(p)>, C<SAVECLEARSV(SV *sv)>,
3588 C<SAVEDELETE(HV *hv, char *key, I32 length)>,
3589 C<SAVEDESTRUCTOR(DESTRUCTORFUNC_NOCONTEXT_t f, void *p)>,
3590 C<SAVEDESTRUCTOR_X(DESTRUCTORFUNC_t f, void *p)>, C<SAVESTACK_POS()>, C<SV*
3591 save_scalar(GV *gv)>, C<AV* save_ary(GV *gv)>, C<HV* save_hash(GV *gv)>,
3592 C<void save_item(SV *item)>, C<void save_list(SV **sarg, I32 maxsarg)>,
3593 C<SV* save_svref(SV **sptr)>, C<void save_aptr(AV **aptr)>, C<void
3594 save_hptr(HV **hptr)>
3602 =item XSUBs and the Argument Stack
3604 =item Calling Perl Routines from within C Programs
3606 =item Memory Allocation
3610 =item Putting a C value on Perl stack
3614 =item Scratchpads and recursion
3624 =item Examining the tree
3626 =item Compile pass 1: check routines
3628 =item Compile pass 1a: constant folding
3630 =item Compile pass 2: context propagation
3632 =item Compile pass 3: peephole optimization
3636 =item Examining internal data structures with the C<dump> functions
3638 =item How multiple interpreters and concurrency are supported
3642 =item Background and PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
3644 =item So what happened to dTHR?
3646 =item How do I use all this in extensions?
3648 =item Should I do anything special if I call perl from multiple threads?
3650 =item Future Plans and PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
3654 =item Internal Functions
3656 A, p, d, s, n, r, f, M, o, j, x
3660 =item Formatted Printing of IVs, UVs, and NVs
3662 =item Pointer-To-Integer and Integer-To-Pointer
3664 =item Source Documentation
3668 =item Unicode Support
3672 =item What B<is> Unicode, anyway?
3674 =item How can I recognise a UTF8 string?
3676 =item How does UTF8 represent Unicode characters?
3678 =item How does Perl store UTF8 strings?
3680 =item How do I convert a string to UTF8?
3682 =item Is there anything else I need to know?
3692 =head2 perlcall - Perl calling conventions from C
3698 An Error Handler, An Event Driven Program
3700 =item THE CALL_ FUNCTIONS
3702 call_sv, call_pv, call_method, call_argv
3722 =item Determining the Context
3726 =item KNOWN PROBLEMS
3732 =item No Parameters, Nothing returned
3734 =item Passing Parameters
3736 =item Returning a Scalar
3738 =item Returning a list of values
3740 =item Returning a list in a scalar context
3742 =item Returning Data from Perl via the parameter list
3746 =item Using G_KEEPERR
3750 =item Using call_argv
3752 =item Using call_method
3756 =item Using Perl to dispose of temporaries
3758 =item Strategies for storing Callback Context Information
3760 1. Ignore the problem - Allow only 1 callback, 2. Create a sequence of
3761 callbacks - hard wired limit, 3. Use a parameter to map to the Perl
3764 =item Alternate Stack Manipulation
3766 =item Creating and calling an anonymous subroutine in C
3778 =head2 perlutil - utilities packaged with the Perl distribution
3788 L<perldoc|perldoc>, L<pod2man|pod2man> and L<pod2text|pod2text>,
3789 L<pod2html|pod2html> and L<pod2latex|pod2latex>, L<pod2usage|pod2usage>,
3790 L<podselect|podselect>, L<podchecker|podchecker>, L<splain|splain>,
3791 L<roffitall|roffitall>
3795 L<a2p|a2p>, L<s2p|s2p>, L<find2perl|find2perl>
3799 L<perlbug|perlbug>, L<h2ph|h2ph>, L<c2ph|c2ph> and L<pstruct|pstruct>,
3800 L<h2xs|h2xs>, L<dprofpp|dprofpp>, L<perlcc|perlcc>
3808 =head2 perlfilter - Source Filters
3818 =item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER
3820 =item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN C
3822 B<Decryption Filters>
3824 =item CREATING A SOURCE FILTER AS A SEPARATE EXECUTABLE
3826 =item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN PERL
3828 =item USING CONTEXT: THE DEBUG FILTER
3840 =head2 perldbmfilter - Perl DBM Filters
3848 B<filter_store_key>, B<filter_store_value>, B<filter_fetch_key>,
3849 B<filter_fetch_value>
3855 =item An Example -- the NULL termination problem.
3857 =item Another Example -- Key is a C int.
3867 =head2 perlapi - autogenerated documentation for the perl public API
3873 AvFILL, av_clear, av_delete, av_exists, av_extend, av_fetch, av_fill,
3874 av_len, av_make, av_pop, av_push, av_shift, av_store, av_undef, av_unshift,
3875 bytes_from_utf8, bytes_to_utf8, call_argv, call_method, call_pv, call_sv,
3876 CLASS, Copy, croak, CvSTASH, cv_const_sv, dMARK, dORIGMARK, dSP, dXSARGS,
3877 dXSI32, ENTER, eval_pv, eval_sv, EXTEND, fbm_compile, fbm_instr, FREETMPS,
3878 get_av, get_cv, get_hv, get_sv, GIMME, GIMME_V, GvSV, gv_fetchmeth,
3879 gv_fetchmethod, gv_fetchmethod_autoload, gv_stashpv, gv_stashsv, G_ARRAY,
3880 G_DISCARD, G_EVAL, G_NOARGS, G_SCALAR, G_VOID, HEf_SVKEY, HeHASH, HeKEY,
3881 HeKLEN, HePV, HeSVKEY, HeSVKEY_force, HeSVKEY_set, HeVAL, HvNAME, hv_clear,
3882 hv_delete, hv_delete_ent, hv_exists, hv_exists_ent, hv_fetch, hv_fetch_ent,
3883 hv_iterinit, hv_iterkey, hv_iterkeysv, hv_iternext, hv_iternextsv,
3884 hv_iterval, hv_magic, hv_store, hv_store_ent, hv_undef, isALNUM, isALPHA,
3885 isDIGIT, isLOWER, isSPACE, isUPPER, is_utf8_char, is_utf8_string, items,
3886 ix, LEAVE, load_module, looks_like_number, MARK, mg_clear, mg_copy,
3887 mg_find, mg_free, mg_get, mg_length, mg_magical, mg_set, Move, New, newAV,
3888 Newc, newCONSTSUB, newHV, newRV_inc, newRV_noinc, NEWSV, newSViv, newSVnv,
3889 newSVpv, newSVpvf, newSVpvn, newSVpvn_share, newSVrv, newSVsv, newSVuv,
3890 newXS, newXSproto, Newz, Nullav, Nullch, Nullcv, Nullhv, Nullsv, ORIGMARK,
3891 perl_alloc, perl_construct, perl_destruct, perl_free, perl_parse, perl_run,
3892 PL_modglobal, PL_na, PL_sv_no, PL_sv_undef, PL_sv_yes, POPi, POPl, POPn,
3893 POPp, POPpbytex, POPpx, POPs, PUSHi, PUSHMARK, PUSHn, PUSHp, PUSHs, PUSHu,
3894 PUTBACK, Renew, Renewc, require_pv, RETVAL, Safefree, savepv, savepvn,
3895 SAVETMPS, SP, SPAGAIN, ST, strEQ, strGE, strGT, strLE, strLT, strNE,
3896 strnEQ, strnNE, StructCopy, SvCUR, SvCUR_set, SvEND, SvGETMAGIC, SvGROW,
3897 SvIOK, SvIOKp, SvIOK_notUV, SvIOK_off, SvIOK_on, SvIOK_only, SvIOK_only_UV,
3898 SvIOK_UV, SvIV, SvIVX, SvLEN, SvNIOK, SvNIOKp, SvNIOK_off, SvNOK, SvNOKp,
3899 SvNOK_off, SvNOK_on, SvNOK_only, SvNV, SvNVX, SvOK, SvOOK, SvPOK, SvPOKp,
3900 SvPOK_off, SvPOK_on, SvPOK_only, SvPOK_only_UTF8, SvPV, SvPVX, SvPV_force,
3901 SvPV_nolen, SvREFCNT, SvREFCNT_dec, SvREFCNT_inc, SvROK, SvROK_off,
3902 SvROK_on, SvRV, SvSETMAGIC, SvSetSV, SvSetSV_nosteal, SvSTASH, SvTAINT,
3903 SvTAINTED, SvTAINTED_off, SvTAINTED_on, SvTRUE, SvTYPE, svtype, SVt_IV,
3904 SVt_NV, SVt_PV, SVt_PVAV, SVt_PVCV, SVt_PVHV, SVt_PVMG, SvUOK, SvUPGRADE,
3905 SvUTF8, SvUTF8_off, SvUTF8_on, SvUV, SvUVX, sv_2mortal, sv_bless, sv_catpv,
3906 sv_catpvf, sv_catpvf_mg, sv_catpvn, sv_catpvn_mg, sv_catpv_mg, sv_catsv,
3907 sv_catsv_mg, sv_chop, sv_clear, sv_cmp, sv_cmp_locale, sv_dec,
3908 sv_derived_from, sv_eq, sv_free, sv_gets, sv_grow, sv_inc, sv_insert,
3909 sv_isa, sv_isobject, sv_len, sv_len_utf8, sv_magic, sv_mortalcopy,
3910 sv_newmortal, sv_pvn_force, sv_pvutf8n_force, sv_reftype, sv_replace,
3911 sv_rvweaken, sv_setiv, sv_setiv_mg, sv_setnv, sv_setnv_mg, sv_setpv,
3912 sv_setpvf, sv_setpvf_mg, sv_setpviv, sv_setpviv_mg, sv_setpvn,
3913 sv_setpvn_mg, sv_setpv_mg, sv_setref_iv, sv_setref_nv, sv_setref_pv,
3914 sv_setref_pvn, sv_setref_uv, sv_setsv, sv_setsv_mg, sv_setuv, sv_setuv_mg,
3915 sv_true, sv_unmagic, sv_unref, sv_unref_flags, sv_upgrade, sv_usepvn,
3916 sv_usepvn_mg, sv_utf8_decode, sv_utf8_downgrade, sv_utf8_encode,
3917 sv_utf8_upgrade, sv_vcatpvfn, sv_vsetpvfn, THIS, toLOWER, toUPPER,
3918 utf8n_to_uvchr, utf8n_to_uvuni, utf8_distance, utf8_hop, utf8_length,
3919 utf8_to_bytes, utf8_to_uvchr, utf8_to_uvuni, uvchr_to_utf8, uvuni_to_utf8,
3920 warn, XPUSHi, XPUSHn, XPUSHp, XPUSHs, XPUSHu, XS, XSRETURN, XSRETURN_EMPTY,
3921 XSRETURN_IV, XSRETURN_NO, XSRETURN_NV, XSRETURN_PV, XSRETURN_UNDEF,
3922 XSRETURN_YES, XST_mIV, XST_mNO, XST_mNV, XST_mPV, XST_mUNDEF, XST_mYES,
3923 XS_VERSION, XS_VERSION_BOOTCHECK, Zero
3931 =head2 perlintern - autogenerated documentation of purely B<internal>
3938 djSP, is_gv_magical, LVRET, PL_DBsingle, PL_DBsub, PL_DBtrace, PL_dowarn,
3939 PL_last_in_gv, PL_ofs_sv, PL_rs, start_glob
3947 =head2 perliol - C API for Perl's implementation of IO in Layers.
3957 =item History and Background
3959 =item Layers vs Disciplines
3961 =item Data Structures
3963 1. The functions and attributes of the "layer class", 2. The per-instance
3964 data for a particular handle
3966 =item Functions and Attributes
3968 =item Per-instance Data
3970 =item Layers in action.
3972 =item Per-instance flag bits
3974 PERLIO_F_EOF, PERLIO_F_CANWRITE, PERLIO_F_CANREAD, PERLIO_F_ERROR,
3975 PERLIO_F_TRUNCATE, PERLIO_F_APPEND, PERLIO_F_CRLF, PERLIO_F_UTF8,
3976 PERLIO_F_UNBUF, PERLIO_F_WRBUF, PERLIO_F_RDBUF, PERLIO_F_LINEBUF,
3977 PERLIO_F_TEMP, PERLIO_F_OPEN, PERLIO_F_FASTGETS
3979 =item Methods in Detail
3981 IV (*Pushed)(PerlIO *f,const char *mode, SV *arg);, IV
3982 (*Popped)(PerlIO *f);, PerlIO * (*Open)(...);, SV *
3983 (*Getarg)(PerlIO *f);, IV (*Fileno)(PerlIO *f);, SSize_t
3984 (*Read)(PerlIO *f, void *vbuf, Size_t count);, SSize_t (*Unread)(PerlIO
3985 *f, const void *vbuf, Size_t count);, SSize_t (*Write)(PerlIO *f, const
3986 void *vbuf, Size_t count);, IV (*Seek)(PerlIO *f, Off_t
3987 offset, int whence);, Off_t (*Tell)(PerlIO *f);, IV
3988 (*Close)(PerlIO *f);, IV (*Flush)(PerlIO *f);, IV
3989 (*Fill)(PerlIO *f);, IV (*Eof)(PerlIO *f);, IV
3990 (*Error)(PerlIO *f);, void (*Clearerr)(PerlIO *f);, void
3991 (*Setlinebuf)(PerlIO *f);, STDCHAR * (*Get_base)(PerlIO *f);,
3992 Size_t (*Get_bufsiz)(PerlIO *f);, STDCHAR *
3993 (*Get_ptr)(PerlIO *f);, SSize_t (*Get_cnt)(PerlIO *f);, void
3994 (*Set_ptrcnt)(PerlIO *f,STDCHAR *ptr,SSize_t cnt);
3998 "unix", "perlio", "stdio", "crlf", "mmap", "pending", "raw", "utf8"
4000 =item Extension Layers
4002 ":encoding", ":Scalar", ":Object" or ":Perl"
4008 =head2 perlapio - perl's IO abstraction interface.
4016 1. USE_STDIO, 2. USE_SFIO, 3. USE_PERLIO, B<PerlIO_stdin()>,
4017 B<PerlIO_stdout()>, B<PerlIO_stderr()>, B<PerlIO_open(path, mode)>,
4018 B<PerlIO_fdopen(fd,mode)>, B<PerlIO_reopen(path,mode,f)>,
4019 B<PerlIO_printf(f,fmt,...)>, B<PerlIO_vprintf(f,fmt,a)>,
4020 B<PerlIO_stdoutf(fmt,...)>, B<PerlIO_read(f,buf,count)>,
4021 B<PerlIO_write(f,buf,count)>, B<PerlIO_close(f)>, B<PerlIO_puts(f,s)>,
4022 B<PerlIO_putc(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_ungetc(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_getc(f)>,
4023 B<PerlIO_eof(f)>, B<PerlIO_error(f)>, B<PerlIO_fileno(f)>,
4024 B<PerlIO_clearerr(f)>, B<PerlIO_flush(f)>, B<PerlIO_seek(f,offset,whence)>,
4025 B<PerlIO_tell(f)>, B<PerlIO_getpos(f,p)>, B<PerlIO_setpos(f,p)>,
4026 B<PerlIO_rewind(f)>, B<PerlIO_tmpfile()>, B<PerlIO_setlinebuf(f)>
4030 =item Co-existence with stdio
4032 B<PerlIO_importFILE(f,flags)>, B<PerlIO_exportFILE(f,flags)>,
4033 B<PerlIO_findFILE(f)>, B<PerlIO_releaseFILE(p,f)>
4035 =item "Fast gets" Functions
4037 B<PerlIO_fast_gets(f)>, B<PerlIO_has_cntptr(f)>, B<PerlIO_get_cnt(f)>,
4038 B<PerlIO_get_ptr(f)>, B<PerlIO_set_ptrcnt(f,p,c)>, B<PerlIO_canset_cnt(f)>,
4039 B<PerlIO_set_cnt(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_has_base(f)>, B<PerlIO_get_base(f)>,
4040 B<PerlIO_get_bufsiz(f)>
4042 =item Other Functions
4044 PerlIO_apply_layers(f,mode,layers), PerlIO_binmode(f,ptype,imode,layers),
4045 'E<lt>' read, 'E<gt>' write, '+' read/write, PerlIO_debug(fmt,...)
4051 =head2 perltodo - Perl TO-DO List
4057 =item To do during 5.6.x
4061 =item Support for I/O disciplines
4063 =item Eliminate need for "use utf8";
4065 =item Autoload byte.pm
4067 =item Make "\u{XXXX}" et al work
4069 =item Overloadable regex assertions
4071 =item Unicode collation and normalization
4073 =item Unicode case mappings
4075 =item Unicode regular expression character classes
4077 =item use Thread for iThreads
4079 =item Work out exit/die semantics for threads
4081 =item Typed lexicals for compiler
4083 =item Compiler workarounds for Win32
4085 =item AUTOLOADing in the compiler
4087 =item Fixing comppadlist when compiling
4089 =item Cleaning up exported namespace
4091 =item Complete signal handling
4093 =item Out-of-source builds
4095 =item POSIX realtime support
4097 =item UNIX98 support
4101 =item Long double conversion
4105 =item Thread-safe regexes
4107 =item Arithmetic on non-Arabic numerals
4109 =item POSIX Unicode character classes
4111 =item Factoring out common suffices/prefices in regexps (trie optimization)
4113 =item Security audit shipped utilities
4115 =item Custom opcodes
4117 =item spawnvp() on Win32
4119 =item DLL Versioning
4121 =item Introduce @( and @)
4123 =item Floating point handling
4125 =item IV/UV preservation
4127 =item Replace pod2html with something using Pod::Parser
4129 =item Automate module testing on CPAN
4131 =item sendmsg and recvmsg
4133 =item Rewrite perlre documentation
4135 =item Convert example code to IO::Handle filehandles
4137 =item Document Win32 choices
4139 =item Check new modules
4141 =item Make roffitall find pods and libs itself
4145 =item To do at some point
4149 =item Remove regular expression recursion
4151 =item Memory leaks after failed eval
4153 =item pack "(stuff)*"
4155 =item bitfields in pack
4157 =item Cross compilation
4159 =item Perl preprocessor / macros
4161 =item Perl lexer in Perl
4163 =item Using POSIX calls internally
4165 =item -i rename file when changed
4167 =item All ARGV input should act like E<lt>E<gt>
4169 =item Support for rerunning debugger
4171 =item my sub foo { }
4173 =item One-pass global destruction
4175 =item Rewrite regexp parser
4177 =item Cache recently used regexps
4179 =item Re-entrant functions
4181 =item Cross-compilation support
4183 =item Bit-shifting bitvectors
4185 =item debugger pragma
4187 =item use less pragma
4189 =item switch structures
4191 =item Cache eval tree
4195 =item Shrink opcode tables
4197 =item Optimize away @_
4199 =item Prototypes versus indirect objects
4203 =item Prototype method calls
4205 =item Return context prototype declarations
4209 =item Garbage collection
4213 =item pack/unpack tutorial
4215 =item Rewrite perldoc
4217 =item Install .3p manpages
4219 =item Unicode tutorial
4221 =item Update POSIX.pm for 1003.1-2
4223 =head2 Retargetable installation
4225 =item POSIX emulation on non-POSIX systems
4227 =item Rename Win32 headers
4229 =item Finish off lvalue functions
4231 =item Update sprintf documentation
4233 =item Use fchown/fchmod internally
4241 =item ref() in list context
4243 =item Make tr/// return histogram
4245 =item Compile to real threaded code
4247 =head2 Structured types
4249 =head2 Modifiable $1 et al.
4251 =item Procedural interfaces for IO::*, etc.
4255 =item Attach/detach debugger from running program
4257 =item Alternative RE syntax module
4261 =item foreach(reverse ...)
4263 =item Constant function cache
4265 =item Approximate regular expression matching
4273 =item Update guts documentation
4275 =item Add more tests
4277 =item Update auxiliary tools
4281 =item Recently done things
4285 =item Safe signal handling
4291 =item setitimer and getimiter
4293 =item Testing __DIE__ hook
4295 =item CPP equivalent in Perl
4297 =item Explicit switch statements
4305 =item perlcc to produce executable
4307 =item END blocks saved in compiled output
4309 =item Secure temporary file module
4311 =item Integrate Time::HiRes
4313 =item Turn Cwd into XS
4315 =item Mmap for input
4317 =item Byte to/from UTF8 and UTF8 to/from local conversion
4319 =item Add sockatmark support
4321 =item Mailing list archives
4325 =item Integrate MacPerl
4327 =item Web "nerve center" for Perl
4329 =item Regular expression tutorial
4331 =item Debugging Tutorial
4333 =item Integrate new modules
4335 =item Integrate profiler
4337 =item Y2K error detection
4339 =item Regular expression debugger
4343 =item "Dynamic" lexicals
4345 =item Cache precompiled modules
4349 =item Deprecated Wishes
4353 =item Loop control on do{}
4355 =item Lexically scoped typeglobs
4359 =head2 report HANDLE
4361 =item Generalised want()/caller())
4363 =head2 Named prototypes
4365 =item Built-in globbing
4367 =item Regression tests for suidperl
4369 =item Cached hash values
4371 =item Add compression modules
4373 =item Reorganise documentation into tutorials/references
4375 =item Remove distinction between functions and operators
4377 =item Make XS easier to use
4379 =item Make embedding easier to use
4383 =item my $Package::variable
4385 =item "or" tests defined, not truth
4387 =item "class"-based lexicals
4391 =item Lazy evaluation / tail recursion removal
4397 =head2 perlhack - How to hack at the Perl internals
4403 Does concept match the general goals of Perl?, Where is the
4404 implementation?, Backwards compatibility, Could it be a module instead?, Is
4405 the feature generic enough?, Does it potentially introduce new bugs?, Does
4406 it preclude other desirable features?, Is the implementation robust?, Is
4407 the implementation generic enough to be portable?, Is there enough
4408 documentation?, Is there another way to do it?, Does it create too much
4409 work?, Patches speak louder than words
4413 =item Keeping in sync
4415 rsync'ing the source tree, Using rsync over the LAN, Using pushing over the
4416 NFS, rsync'ing the patches, It's easier, It's more recent, It's more
4417 reliable, It's easier, It's a good reference, Finding a start point,
4418 Finding how to fix a bug, Finding the source of misbehaviour
4420 =item Submitting patches
4422 L<perlguts>, L<perlxstut> and L<perlxs>, L<perlapi>,
4423 F<Porting/pumpkin.pod>, The perl5-porters FAQ
4425 =item Finding Your Way Around
4427 Core modules, Documentation, Configure, Interpreter
4429 =item Elements of the interpreter
4431 Startup, Parsing, Optimization, Running
4433 =item Internal Variable Types
4439 Argument stack, Mark stack, Save stack
4441 =item Millions of Macros
4443 =item Poking at Perl
4445 =item Using a source-level debugger
4447 run [args], break function_name, break source.c:xxx, step, next, continue,
4448 finish, 'enter', print
4450 =item Dumping Perl Data Structures
4456 =item EXTERNAL TOOLS FOR DEBUGGING PERL
4460 =item Rational Software's Purify
4462 =item Purify on Unix
4464 -Accflags=-DPURIFY, -Doptimize='-g', -Uusemymalloc, -Dusemultiplicity
4468 DEFINES, USE_MULTI = define, #PERL_MALLOC = define, CFG = Debug
4470 =item Compaq's/Digital's Third Degree
4472 =item PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL
4474 =item Pixie Profiling
4476 -h, -l, -p[rodecures], -h[eavy], -i[nvocations], -l[ines], -testcoverage,
4481 I<The Road goes ever on and on, down from the door where it began.>
4489 =head2 perlhist - the Perl history records
4497 =item THE KEEPERS OF THE PUMPKIN
4509 =item SELECTED RELEASE SIZES
4511 =item SELECTED PATCH SIZES
4515 =item THE KEEPERS OF THE RECORDS
4519 =head2 perldelta - what will be new for perl v5.8.0
4525 =item Reporting Bugs
4533 =head2 perl572delta, perl571delta - what's new for perl v5.7.2
4539 =item Security Vulnerability Closed
4541 =item Incompatible Changes
4543 =item Core Enhancements
4545 =item Modules and Pragmata
4551 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
4555 =item Performance Enhancements
4557 =item Utility Changes
4559 =item New Documentation
4561 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
4565 =item New Or Improved Platforms
4567 =item Generic Improvements
4571 =item Selected Bug Fixes
4575 =item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
4579 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
4581 =item Changed Internals
4585 =item Regex pre-/post-compilation items matched up
4591 =item Known Problems
4595 =item AIX vac 5.0.0.0 May Produce Buggy Code For Perl
4597 =item lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
4599 =item lib/io_multihomed Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
4601 =item Test lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
4605 =item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
4607 =item sigaction test 13 in VMS
4609 =item sprintf tests 129 and 130
4611 =item Failure of Thread tests
4613 =item Localising a Tied Variable Leaks Memory
4615 =item Self-tying of Arrays and Hashes Is Forbidden
4617 =item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
4619 =item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental
4623 =item Reporting Bugs
4631 =head2 perl571delta - what's new for perl v5.7.1
4637 =item Security Vulnerability Closed
4639 =item Incompatible Changes
4641 =item Core Enhancements
4643 =item AUTOLOAD Is Now Lvaluable
4647 =item PerlIO is Now The Default
4649 =item Signals Are Now Safe
4653 =item Modules and Pragmata
4659 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
4663 =item Performance Enhancements
4665 =item Utility Changes
4667 =item New Documentation
4683 =item README.solaris
4687 =item Porting/repository.pod
4691 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
4695 =item New Or Improved Platforms
4697 =item Generic Improvements
4699 d_cmsghdr, d_fcntl_can_lock, d_fsync, d_getitimer, d_getpagsz, d_msghdr_s,
4700 need_va_copy, d_readv, d_recvmsg, d_sendmsg, sig_size, d_sockatmark,
4701 d_strtoq, d_u32align, d_ualarm, d_usleep
4705 =item Selected Bug Fixes
4709 =item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
4713 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
4715 =item Changed Internals
4719 =item Known Problems
4723 =item AIX vac 5.0.0.0 May Produce Buggy Code For Perl
4725 =item lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
4727 =item lib/io_multihomed Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
4729 =item Test lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
4733 =item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
4735 =item sigaction test 13 in VMS
4737 =item sprintf tests 129 and 130
4739 =item Failure of Thread tests
4741 =item Localising a Tied Variable Leaks Memory
4743 =item Self-tying of Arrays and Hashes Is Forbidden
4745 =item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
4747 =item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental
4751 =item Reporting Bugs
4759 =head2 perl570delta - what's new for perl v5.7.0
4765 =item Security Vulnerability Closed
4767 =item Incompatible Changes
4769 =item Core Enhancements
4771 =item Modules and Pragmata
4777 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
4781 =item Utility Changes
4783 =item New Documentation
4785 =item Performance Enhancements
4787 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
4791 =item Generic Improvements
4795 =item Selected Bug Fixes
4799 =item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
4803 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
4805 =item Changed Internals
4807 =item Known Problems
4811 =item Unicode Support Still Far From Perfect
4813 =item EBCDIC Still A Lost Platform
4815 =item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
4817 =item ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
4819 =item Test lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
4821 =item Long Doubles Still Don't Work In Solaris
4823 =item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
4825 =item Storable tests fail in some platforms
4827 =item Threads Are Still Experimental
4829 =item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental
4833 =item Reporting Bugs
4841 =head2 perl56delta, perldelta - what's new for perl v5.6.0
4847 =item Core Enhancements
4851 =item Interpreter cloning, threads, and concurrency
4853 =item Lexically scoped warning categories
4855 =item Unicode and UTF-8 support
4857 =item Support for interpolating named characters
4859 =item "our" declarations
4861 =item Support for strings represented as a vector of ordinals
4863 =item Improved Perl version numbering system
4865 =item New syntax for declaring subroutine attributes
4867 =item File and directory handles can be autovivified
4869 =item open() with more than two arguments
4871 =item 64-bit support
4873 =item Large file support
4879 =item Enhanced support for sort() subroutines
4881 =item C<sort $coderef @foo> allowed
4883 =item File globbing implemented internally
4885 =item Support for CHECK blocks
4887 =item POSIX character class syntax [: :] supported
4889 =item Better pseudo-random number generator
4891 =item Improved C<qw//> operator
4893 =item Better worst-case behavior of hashes
4895 =item pack() format 'Z' supported
4897 =item pack() format modifier '!' supported
4899 =item pack() and unpack() support counted strings
4901 =item Comments in pack() templates
4903 =item Weak references
4905 =item Binary numbers supported
4907 =item Lvalue subroutines
4909 =item Some arrows may be omitted in calls through references
4911 =item Boolean assignment operators are legal lvalues
4913 =item exists() is supported on subroutine names
4915 =item exists() and delete() are supported on array elements
4917 =item Pseudo-hashes work better
4919 =item Automatic flushing of output buffers
4921 =item Better diagnostics on meaningless filehandle operations
4923 =item Where possible, buffered data discarded from duped input filehandle
4925 =item eof() has the same old magic as <>
4927 =item binmode() can be used to set :crlf and :raw modes
4929 =item C<-T> filetest recognizes UTF-8 encoded files as "text"
4931 =item system(), backticks and pipe open now reflect exec() failure
4933 =item Improved diagnostics
4935 =item Diagnostics follow STDERR
4937 =item More consistent close-on-exec behavior
4939 =item syswrite() ease-of-use
4941 =item Better syntax checks on parenthesized unary operators
4943 =item Bit operators support full native integer width
4945 =item Improved security features
4947 =item More functional bareword prototype (*)
4949 =item C<require> and C<do> may be overridden
4951 =item $^X variables may now have names longer than one character
4953 =item New variable $^C reflects C<-c> switch
4955 =item New variable $^V contains Perl version as a string
4957 =item Optional Y2K warnings
4959 =item Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings
4963 =item Modules and Pragmata
4969 attributes, B, Benchmark, ByteLoader, constant, charnames, Data::Dumper,
4970 DB, DB_File, Devel::DProf, Devel::Peek, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, English,
4971 Env, Fcntl, File::Compare, File::Find, File::Glob, File::Spec,
4972 File::Spec::Functions, Getopt::Long, IO, JPL, lib, Math::BigInt,
4973 Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Pod::Parser, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Checker,
4974 podchecker, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Find, Pod::Select, podselect, Pod::Usage,
4975 pod2usage, Pod::Text and Pod::Man, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Sys::Hostname,
4976 Term::ANSIColor, Time::Local, Win32, XSLoader, DBM Filters
4982 =item Utility Changes
4996 =item The Perl Debugger
5000 =item Improved Documentation
5002 perlapi.pod, perlboot.pod, perlcompile.pod, perldbmfilter.pod,
5003 perldebug.pod, perldebguts.pod, perlfork.pod, perlfilter.pod, perlhack.pod,
5004 perlintern.pod, perllexwarn.pod, perlnumber.pod, perlopentut.pod,
5005 perlreftut.pod, perltootc.pod, perltodo.pod, perlunicode.pod
5007 =item Performance enhancements
5011 =item Simple sort() using { $a <=> $b } and the like are optimized
5013 =item Optimized assignments to lexical variables
5015 =item Faster subroutine calls
5017 =item delete(), each(), values() and hash iteration are faster
5021 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
5025 =item -Dusethreads means something different
5027 =item New Configure flags
5029 =item Threadedness and 64-bitness now more daring
5035 =item -Duselargefiles
5037 =item installusrbinperl
5043 =item Enhanced Installation Directories
5047 =item Platform specific changes
5051 =item Supported platforms
5055 =item OS390 (OpenEdition MVS)
5063 =item Significant bug fixes
5067 =item <HANDLE> on empty files
5069 =item C<eval '...'> improvements
5071 =item All compilation errors are true errors
5073 =item Implicitly closed filehandles are safer
5075 =item Behavior of list slices is more consistent
5077 =item C<(\$)> prototype and C<$foo{a}>
5079 =item C<goto &sub> and AUTOLOAD
5081 =item C<-bareword> allowed under C<use integer>
5083 =item Failures in DESTROY()
5085 =item Locale bugs fixed
5089 =item Spurious subroutine stubs after failed subroutine calls
5091 =item Taint failures under C<-U>
5093 =item END blocks and the C<-c> switch
5095 =item Potential to leak DATA filehandles
5099 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
5101 "%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same %s, "my sub" not yet
5102 implemented, "our" variable %s redeclared, '!' allowed only after types %s,
5103 / cannot take a count, / must be followed by a, A or Z, / must be followed
5104 by a*, A* or Z*, / must follow a numeric type, /%s/: Unrecognized escape
5105 \\%c passed through, /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c in character class
5106 passed through, /%s/ should probably be written as "%s", %s() called too
5107 early to check prototype, %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element, %s
5108 argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or slice, %s argument is not a
5109 subroutine name, %s package attribute may clash with future reserved word:
5110 %s, (in cleanup) %s, <> should be quotes, Attempt to join self, Bad evalled
5111 substitution pattern, Bad realloc() ignored, Bareword found in conditional,
5112 Binary number > 0b11111111111111111111111111111111 non-portable, Bit vector
5113 size > 32 non-portable, Buffer overflow in prime_env_iter: %s, Can't check
5114 filesystem of script "%s", Can't declare class for non-scalar %s in "%s",
5115 Can't declare %s in "%s", Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default,
5116 Can't modify non-lvalue subroutine call, Can't read CRTL environ, Can't
5117 remove %s: %s, skipping file, Can't return %s from lvalue subroutine, Can't
5118 weaken a nonreference, Character class [:%s:] unknown, Character class
5119 syntax [%s] belongs inside character classes, Constant is not %s reference,
5120 constant(%s): %s, CORE::%s is not a keyword, defined(@array) is deprecated,
5121 defined(%hash) is deprecated, Did not produce a valid header, (Did you mean
5122 "local" instead of "our"?), Document contains no data, entering effective
5123 %s failed, false [] range "%s" in regexp, Filehandle %s opened only for
5124 output, flock() on closed filehandle %s, Global symbol "%s" requires
5125 explicit package name, Hexadecimal number > 0xffffffff non-portable,
5126 Ill-formed CRTL environ value "%s", Ill-formed message in prime_env_iter:
5127 |%s|, Illegal binary digit %s, Illegal binary digit %s ignored, Illegal
5128 number of bits in vec, Integer overflow in %s number, Invalid %s attribute:
5129 %s, Invalid %s attributes: %s, invalid [] range "%s" in regexp, Invalid
5130 separator character %s in attribute list, Invalid separator character %s in
5131 subroutine attribute list, leaving effective %s failed, Lvalue subs
5132 returning %s not implemented yet, Method %s not permitted, Missing
5133 %sbrace%s on \N{}, Missing command in piped open, Missing name in "my sub",
5134 No %s specified for -%c, No package name allowed for variable %s in "our",
5135 No space allowed after -%c, no UTC offset information; assuming local time
5136 is UTC, Octal number > 037777777777 non-portable, panic: del_backref,
5137 panic: kid popen errno read, panic: magic_killbackrefs, Parentheses missing
5138 around "%s" list, Possible unintended interpolation of %s in string,
5139 Possible Y2K bug: %s, pragma "attrs" is deprecated, use "sub NAME : ATTRS"
5140 instead, Premature end of script headers, Repeat count in pack overflows,
5141 Repeat count in unpack overflows, realloc() of freed memory ignored,
5142 Reference is already weak, setpgrp can't take arguments, Strange *+?{} on
5143 zero-length expression, switching effective %s is not implemented, This
5144 Perl can't reset CRTL environ elements (%s), This Perl can't set CRTL
5145 environ elements (%s=%s), Too late to run %s block, Unknown open() mode
5146 '%s', Unknown process %x sent message to prime_env_iter: %s, Unrecognized
5147 escape \\%c passed through, Unterminated attribute parameter in attribute
5148 list, Unterminated attribute list, Unterminated attribute parameter in
5149 subroutine attribute list, Unterminated subroutine attribute list, Value of
5150 CLI symbol "%s" too long, Version number must be a constant number
5154 =item Incompatible Changes
5158 =item Perl Source Incompatibilities
5160 CHECK is a new keyword, Treatment of list slices of undef has changed,
5161 Format of $English::PERL_VERSION is different, Literals of the form
5162 C<1.2.3> parse differently, Possibly changed pseudo-random number
5163 generator, Hashing function for hash keys has changed, C<undef> fails on
5164 read only values, Close-on-exec bit may be set on pipe and socket handles,
5165 Writing C<"$$1"> to mean C<"${$}1"> is unsupported, delete(), each(),
5166 values() and C<\(%h)>, vec(EXPR,OFFSET,BITS) enforces powers-of-two BITS,
5167 Text of some diagnostic output has changed, C<%@> has been removed,
5168 Parenthesized not() behaves like a list operator, Semantics of bareword
5169 prototype C<(*)> have changed, Semantics of bit operators may have changed
5170 on 64-bit platforms, More builtins taint their results
5172 =item C Source Incompatibilities
5174 C<PERL_POLLUTE>, C<PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT>, C<PERL_POLLUTE_MALLOC>
5176 =item Compatible C Source API Changes
5178 C<PATCHLEVEL> is now C<PERL_VERSION>
5180 =item Binary Incompatibilities
5184 =item Known Problems
5188 =item Thread test failures
5190 =item EBCDIC platforms not supported
5192 =item In 64-bit HP-UX the lib/io_multihomed test may hang
5194 =item NEXTSTEP 3.3 POSIX test failure
5196 =item Tru64 (aka Digital UNIX, aka DEC OSF/1) lib/sdbm test failure with
5199 =item UNICOS/mk CC failures during Configure run
5201 =item Arrow operator and arrays
5203 =item Experimental features
5205 Threads, Unicode, 64-bit support, Lvalue subroutines, Weak references, The
5206 pseudo-hash data type, The Compiler suite, Internal implementation of file
5207 globbing, The DB module, The regular expression code constructs:
5211 =item Obsolete Diagnostics
5213 Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Ill-formed
5214 logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter, In string, @%s now must be written as
5215 \@%s, Probable precedence problem on %s, regexp too big, Use of "$$<digit>"
5216 to mean "${$}<digit>" is deprecated
5218 =item Reporting Bugs
5226 =head2 perl5005delta, perldelta - what's new for perl5.005
5232 =item About the new versioning system
5234 =item Incompatible Changes
5238 =item WARNING: This version is not binary compatible with Perl 5.004.
5240 =item Default installation structure has changed
5242 =item Perl Source Compatibility
5244 =item C Source Compatibility
5246 =item Binary Compatibility
5248 =item Security fixes may affect compatibility
5250 =item Relaxed new mandatory warnings introduced in 5.004
5264 =item Regular Expressions
5266 Many new and improved optimizations, Many bug fixes, New regular expression
5267 constructs, New operator for precompiled regular expressions, Other
5268 improvements, Incompatible changes
5270 =item Improved malloc()
5272 =item Quicksort is internally implemented
5274 =item Reliable signals
5276 =item Reliable stack pointers
5278 =item More generous treatment of carriage returns
5282 =item Better support for multiple interpreters
5284 =item Behavior of local() on array and hash elements is now well-defined
5286 =item C<%!> is transparently tied to the L<Errno> module
5288 =item Pseudo-hashes are supported
5290 =item C<EXPR foreach EXPR> is supported
5292 =item Keywords can be globally overridden
5294 =item C<$^E> is meaningful on Win32
5296 =item C<foreach (1..1000000)> optimized
5298 =item C<Foo::> can be used as implicitly quoted package name
5300 =item C<exists $Foo::{Bar::}> tests existence of a package
5302 =item Better locale support
5304 =item Experimental support for 64-bit platforms
5306 =item prototype() returns useful results on builtins
5308 =item Extended support for exception handling
5310 =item Re-blessing in DESTROY() supported for chaining DESTROY() methods
5312 =item All C<printf> format conversions are handled internally
5314 =item New C<INIT> keyword
5316 =item New C<lock> keyword
5318 =item New C<qr//> operator
5320 =item C<our> is now a reserved word
5322 =item Tied arrays are now fully supported
5324 =item Tied handles support is better
5326 =item 4th argument to substr
5328 =item Negative LENGTH argument to splice
5330 =item Magic lvalues are now more magical
5332 =item <> now reads in records
5336 =item Supported Platforms
5342 =item Changes in existing support
5346 =item Modules and Pragmata
5352 B, Data::Dumper, Dumpvalue, Errno, File::Spec, ExtUtils::Installed,
5353 ExtUtils::Packlist, Fatal, IPC::SysV, Test, Tie::Array, Tie::Handle,
5354 Thread, attrs, fields, re
5356 =item Changes in existing modules
5358 Benchmark, Carp, CGI, Fcntl, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, POSIX, DB_File,
5359 MakeMaker, CPAN, Cwd
5363 =item Utility Changes
5365 =item Documentation Changes
5367 =item New Diagnostics
5369 Ambiguous call resolved as CORE::%s(), qualify as such or use &, Bad index
5370 while coercing array into hash, Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent
5371 package, Can't call method "%s" on an undefined value, Can't check
5372 filesystem of script "%s" for nosuid, Can't coerce array into hash, Can't
5373 goto subroutine from an eval-string, Can't localize pseudo-hash element,
5374 Can't use %%! because Errno.pm is not available, Cannot find an opnumber
5375 for "%s", Character class syntax [. .] is reserved for future extensions,
5376 Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Character
5377 class syntax [= =] is reserved for future extensions, %s: Eval-group in
5378 insecure regular expression, %s: Eval-group not allowed, use re 'eval', %s:
5379 Eval-group not allowed at run time, Explicit blessing to '' (assuming
5380 package main), Illegal hex digit ignored, No such array field, No such
5381 field "%s" in variable %s of type %s, Out of memory during ridiculously
5382 large request, Range iterator outside integer range, Recursive inheritance
5383 detected while looking for method '%s' %s, Reference found where even-sized
5384 list expected, Undefined value assigned to typeglob, Use of reserved word
5385 "%s" is deprecated, perl: warning: Setting locale failed
5387 =item Obsolete Diagnostics
5389 Can't mktemp(), Can't write to temp file for B<-e>: %s, Cannot open
5390 temporary file, regexp too big
5392 =item Configuration Changes
5402 =head2 perl5004delta, perldelta - what's new for perl5.004
5408 =item Supported Environments
5414 =item List assignment to %ENV works
5416 =item Change to "Can't locate Foo.pm in @INC" error
5418 =item Compilation option: Binary compatibility with 5.003
5420 =item $PERL5OPT environment variable
5422 =item Limitations on B<-M>, B<-m>, and B<-T> options
5424 =item More precise warnings
5426 =item Deprecated: Inherited C<AUTOLOAD> for non-methods
5428 =item Previously deprecated %OVERLOAD is no longer usable
5430 =item Subroutine arguments created only when they're modified
5432 =item Group vector changeable with C<$)>
5434 =item Fixed parsing of $$<digit>, &$<digit>, etc.
5436 =item Fixed localization of $<digit>, $&, etc.
5438 =item No resetting of $. on implicit close
5440 =item C<wantarray> may return undef
5442 =item C<eval EXPR> determines value of EXPR in scalar context
5444 =item Changes to tainting checks
5446 No glob() or <*>, No spawning if tainted $CDPATH, $ENV, $BASH_ENV, No
5447 spawning if tainted $TERM doesn't look like a terminal name
5449 =item New Opcode module and revised Safe module
5451 =item Embedding improvements
5453 =item Internal change: FileHandle class based on IO::* classes
5455 =item Internal change: PerlIO abstraction interface
5457 =item New and changed syntax
5461 =item New and changed builtin constants
5465 =item New and changed builtin variables
5469 =item New and changed builtin functions
5471 delete on slices, flock, printf and sprintf, keys as an lvalue, my() in
5472 Control Structures, pack() and unpack(), sysseek(), use VERSION, use Module
5473 VERSION LIST, prototype(FUNCTION), srand, $_ as Default, C<m//gc> does not
5474 reset search position on failure, C<m//x> ignores whitespace before ?*+{},
5475 nested C<sub{}> closures work now, formats work right on changing lexicals
5477 =item New builtin methods
5479 isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] )
5481 =item TIEHANDLE now supported
5483 TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this, LIST, READ this
5484 LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, DESTROY this
5486 =item Malloc enhancements
5488 -DPERL_EMERGENCY_SBRK, -DPACK_MALLOC, -DTWO_POT_OPTIMIZE
5490 =item Miscellaneous efficiency enhancements
5494 =item Support for More Operating Systems
5510 use autouse MODULE => qw(sub1 sub2 sub3), use blib, use blib 'dir', use
5511 constant NAME => VALUE, use locale, use ops, use vmsish
5517 =item Required Updates
5519 =item Installation directories
5521 =item Module information summary
5535 =item Object-oriented overrides for builtin operators
5539 =item Utility Changes
5545 Sends converted HTML to standard output
5549 C<void> XSUBs now default to returning nothing
5553 =item C Language API Changes
5555 C<gv_fetchmethod> and C<perl_call_sv>, C<perl_eval_pv>, Extended API for
5558 =item Documentation Changes
5560 L<perldelta>, L<perlfaq>, L<perllocale>, L<perltoot>, L<perlapio>,
5561 L<perlmodlib>, L<perldebug>, L<perlsec>
5563 =item New Diagnostics
5565 "my" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same scope, %s argument is
5566 not a HASH element or slice, Allocation too large: %lx, Allocation too
5567 large, Applying %s to %s will act on scalar(%s), Attempt to free
5568 nonexistent shared string, Attempt to use reference as lvalue in substr,
5569 Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent package, Can't redefine active sort
5570 subroutine %s, Can't use bareword ("%s") as %s ref while "strict refs" in
5571 use, Cannot resolve method `%s' overloading `%s' in package `%s', Constant
5572 subroutine %s redefined, Constant subroutine %s undefined, Copy method did
5573 not return a reference, Died, Exiting pseudo-block via %s, Identifier too
5574 long, Illegal character %s (carriage return), Illegal switch in PERL5OPT:
5575 %s, Integer overflow in hex number, Integer overflow in octal number,
5576 internal error: glob failed, Invalid conversion in %s: "%s", Invalid type
5577 in pack: '%s', Invalid type in unpack: '%s', Name "%s::%s" used only once:
5578 possible typo, Null picture in formline, Offset outside string, Out of
5579 memory!, Out of memory during request for %s, panic: frexp, Possible
5580 attempt to put comments in qw() list, Possible attempt to separate words
5581 with commas, Scalar value @%s{%s} better written as $%s{%s}, Stub found
5582 while resolving method `%s' overloading `%s' in %s, Too late for "B<-T>"
5583 option, untie attempted while %d inner references still exist, Unrecognized
5584 character %s, Unsupported function fork, Use of "$$<digit>" to mean
5585 "${$}<digit>" is deprecated, Value of %s can be "0"; test with defined(),
5586 Variable "%s" may be unavailable, Variable "%s" will not stay shared,
5587 Warning: something's wrong, Ill-formed logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter,
5588 Got an error from DosAllocMem, Malformed PERLLIB_PREFIX, PERL_SH_DIR too
5589 long, Process terminated by SIG%s
5599 =head2 perlaix, README.aix - Perl version 5 on IBM Unix (AIX) systems
5607 =item Compiling Perl 5 on AIX
5611 =item Building Dynamic Extensions on AIX
5613 =item The IBM ANSI C Compiler
5615 =item Using GNU's gcc for building perl
5617 =item Using Large Files with Perl
5623 =item GDBM and Threads
5625 =item NFS filesystems and utime(2)
5635 =head2 perlamiga - Perl under Amiga OS
5651 B<Unix emulation for AmigaOS: ixemul.library>, B<Version of Amiga OS>
5653 =item Starting Perl programs under AmigaOS
5655 =item Shortcomings of Perl under AmigaOS
5657 fork(), some features of the UNIX filesystem regarding link count and file
5658 dates, inplace operation (the -i switch) without backup file, umask()
5659 works, but the correct permissions are only set when the file is
5666 =item Accessing documentation
5674 =item B<GNU> C<info> files
5686 =item Getting the perl source
5690 remember to use a hefty wad of stack (I use 2000000)
5694 =item Installing the built perl
5704 =head2 perlbs2000, README.BS2000 - building and installing Perl for BS2000.
5726 =item Using Perl in the Posix-Shell
5728 =item Using Perl in "native" BS2000
5730 =item Floating point anomalies
5748 =head2 perlcygwin, README.cygwin - Perl for Cygwin
5758 =item Cygwin = GNU+Cygnus+Windows (Don't leave UNIX without it)
5760 =item Cygwin Configuration
5762 C<PATH>, I<nroff>, Permissions
5770 =item Strip Binaries
5772 =item Optional Libraries
5774 C<-lcrypt>, C<-lgdbm> (C<use GDBM_File>), C<-ldb> (C<use DB_File>),
5775 C<-lcygipc> (C<use IPC::SysV>)
5777 =item Configure-time Options
5779 C<-Uusedl>, C<-Uusemymalloc>, C<-Dusemultiplicity>, C<-Duseperlio>,
5780 C<-Duse64bitint>, C<-Duselongdouble>, C<-Dusethreads>, C<-Duselargefiles>
5782 =item Suspicious Warnings
5784 I<dlsym()>, Win9x and C<d_eofnblk>, Compiler/Preprocessor defines
5802 =item File Permissions
5806 =item Filetime Granularity
5808 =item Tainting Checks
5812 =item Script Portability
5814 Pathnames, Text/Binary, F<.exe>, chown(), Miscellaneous
5822 Documentation, Build, Configure, Make, Install, Tests, Compiled Perl
5823 Source, Compiled Module Source, Perl Modules/Scripts
5833 =head2 perldgux - Perl under DG/UX.
5849 =item Non-threaded Case
5855 =item Installing the built perl
5865 =head2 perlepoc, README.epoc - Perl for EPOC
5873 =item INSTALLING PERL ON EPOC
5875 =item STARTING PERL ON EPOC
5877 =item STOPPING PERL ON EPOC
5879 =item USING PERL ON EPOC
5883 =item I/O Redirection
5893 =item Compiling Perl 5 on the EPOC cross compiling environment
5897 =item SUPPORT STATUS
5905 =head2 perlhpux, README.hpux - Perl version 5 on Hewlett-Packard Unix
5914 =item Compiling Perl 5 on HP-UX
5924 =item Portability Between PA-RISC Versions
5926 =item Building Dynamic Extensions on HP-UX
5928 =item The HP ANSI C Compiler
5930 =item Using Large Files with Perl
5936 =item GDBM and Threads
5938 =item NFS filesystems and utime(2)
5940 =item perl -P and //
5950 =head2 perlmachten, README.machten - Perl version 5 on Power MachTen
5959 =item Compiling Perl 5 on MachTen
5961 =item Failures during C<make test>
5963 op/lexassign.t, pragma/warnings.t
5965 =item Building external modules
5975 =head2 perlmacos, README.macos - Perl under Mac OS (Classic)
5989 =head2 perlmpeix, README.mpeix - Perl/iX for HP e3000 MPE
5997 =item System Requirements
5999 =item How to Obtain Perl/iX
6001 =item Distribution Contents Highlights
6003 README, public_html/feedback.cgi, 4, 6
6005 =item Getting Started with Perl/iX
6007 =item MPE/iX Implementation Considerations
6009 =item Change History
6013 =head2 perlos2 - Perl under OS/2, DOS, Win0.3*, Win0.95 and WinNT.
6033 EMX, RSX, HPFS, pdksh
6035 =item Starting Perl programs under OS/2 (and DOS and...)
6037 =item Starting OS/2 (and DOS) programs under Perl
6041 =item Frequently asked questions
6045 =item "It does not work"
6047 =item I cannot run external programs
6049 =item I cannot embed perl into my program, or use F<perl.dll> from my
6052 Is your program EMX-compiled with C<-Zmt -Zcrtdll>?, Did you use
6055 =item C<``> and pipe-C<open> do not work under DOS.
6057 =item Cannot start C<find.exe "pattern" file>
6065 =item Automatic binary installation
6067 C<PERL_BADLANG>, C<PERL_BADFREE>, F<Config.pm>
6069 =item Manual binary installation
6071 Perl VIO and PM executables (dynamically linked), Perl_ VIO executable
6072 (statically linked), Executables for Perl utilities, Main Perl library,
6073 Additional Perl modules, Tools to compile Perl modules, Manpages for Perl
6074 and utilities, Manpages for Perl modules, Source for Perl documentation,
6075 Perl manual in F<.INF> format, Pdksh
6081 =item Accessing documentation
6085 =item OS/2 F<.INF> file
6093 =item GNU C<info> files
6105 =item The short story
6109 =item Getting perl source
6111 =item Application of the patches
6119 A lot of C<bad free>, Process terminated by SIGTERM/SIGINT, F<op/fs.t>,
6122 =item Installing the built perl
6124 =item C<a.out>-style build
6132 =item Some C</> became C<\> in pdksh.
6134 =item C<'errno'> - unresolved external
6136 =item Problems with tr or sed
6138 =item Some problem (forget which ;-)
6140 =item Library ... not found
6142 =item Segfault in make
6144 =item op/sprintf test failure
6148 =item Specific (mis)features of OS/2 port
6152 =item C<setpriority>, C<getpriority>
6156 =item C<extproc> on the first line
6158 =item Additional modules:
6160 =item Prebuilt methods:
6162 C<File::Copy::syscopy>, C<DynaLoader::mod2fname>, C<Cwd::current_drive()>,
6163 C<Cwd::sys_chdir(name)>, C<Cwd::change_drive(name)>,
6164 C<Cwd::sys_is_absolute(name)>, C<Cwd::sys_is_rooted(name)>,
6165 C<Cwd::sys_is_relative(name)>, C<Cwd::sys_cwd(name)>,
6166 C<Cwd::sys_abspath(name, dir)>, C<Cwd::extLibpath([type])>,
6167 C<Cwd::extLibpath_set( path [, type ] )>,
6168 C<OS2::Error(do_harderror,do_exception)>, C<OS2::Errors2Drive(drive)>,
6169 OS2::SysInfo(), OS2::BootDrive(), C<OS2::MorphPM(serve)>,
6170 C<OS2::UnMorphPM(serve)>, C<OS2::Serve_Messages(force)>,
6171 C<OS2::Process_Messages(force [, cnt])>, C<OS2::_control87(new,mask)>,
6172 OS2::get_control87(), C<OS2::set_control87_em(new=MCW_EM,mask=MCW_EM)>
6174 =item Prebuilt variables:
6176 $OS2::emx_rev, $OS2::emx_env, $OS2::os_ver
6182 C<popen>, C<tmpnam>, C<tmpfile>, C<ctermid>, C<stat>, C<mkdir>, C<rmdir>,
6185 =item Identifying DLLs
6187 =item Centralized management of resources
6203 =item F<perl___.exe>
6205 =item Why strange names?
6207 =item Why dynamic linking?
6209 =item Why chimera build?
6217 =item C<PERLLIB_PREFIX>
6219 =item C<PERL_BADLANG>
6221 =item C<PERL_BADFREE>
6223 =item C<PERL_SH_DIR>
6225 =item C<USE_PERL_FLOCK>
6227 =item C<TMP> or C<TEMP>
6237 =item DLL name mangling
6241 =item Calls to external programs
6243 =item Memory allocation
6247 C<COND_WAIT>, F<os2.c>
6261 =head2 perlos390, README.os390 - building and installing Perl for OS/390.
6273 =item Setup and utilities
6277 =item Build, test, install
6279 =item build anomalies
6281 =item testing anomalies
6283 =item installation anomalies
6287 =item Floating point anomalies
6289 =item Modules and Extensions
6307 =head2 perlsolaris, README.solaris - Perl version 5 on Solaris systems
6315 =item Solaris Version Numbers.
6321 Solaris FAQ, Precompiled Binaries, Solaris Documentation
6327 =item File Extraction Problems.
6329 =item Compiler and Related Tools.
6335 =item RUN CONFIGURE.
6339 =item 64-bit Issues.
6343 =item Malloc Issues.
6347 =item MAKE PROBLEMS.
6349 Dynamic Loading Problems With GNU as and GNU ld, ld.so.1: ./perl: fatal:
6350 relocation error:, dlopen: stub interception failed, #error "No
6351 DATAMODEL_NATIVE specified", sh: ar: not found
6357 =item op/stat.t test 4
6361 =item PREBUILT BINARIES.
6363 =item RUNTIME ISSUES.
6367 =item Limits on Numbers of Open Files.
6371 =item SOLARIS-SPECIFIC MODULES.
6373 =item SOLARIS-SPECIFIC PROBLEMS WITH MODULES.
6377 =item Proc::ProcessTable
6391 =head2 perlvmesa, README.vmesa - building and installing Perl for VM/ESA.
6403 =item Setup and utilities
6407 Don't turn on the compiler optimization flag "-O". There's a bug in the
6408 compiler (APAR PQ18812) that generates some bad code the optimizer is on,
6409 As VM/ESA doesn't fully support the fork() API programs relying on this
6410 call will not work. I've replaced fork()/exec() with spawn() and the
6411 standalone exec() with spawn(). This has a side effect when opening unnamed
6412 pipes in a shell script: there is no child process generated under
6414 =item testing anomalies
6418 When using perl on VM/ESA please keep in mind that the EBCDIC and ASCII
6419 character sets are different. Perl builtin functions that may behave
6420 differently under EBCDIC are mentioned in the perlport.pod document.
6436 =head2 perlvms - VMS-specific documentation for Perl
6444 =item Organization of Perl Images
6450 =item Perl Extensions
6452 =item Installing static extensions
6454 =item Installing dynamic extensions
6458 =item File specifications
6464 =item Wildcard expansion
6470 =item PERL5LIB and PERLLIB
6476 =item I/O redirection and backgrounding
6478 =item Command line switches
6484 =item Perl functions
6486 File tests, backticks, binmode FILEHANDLE, crypt PLAINTEXT, USER, dump,
6487 exec LIST, fork, getpwent, getpwnam, getpwuid, gmtime, kill, qx//, select
6488 (system call), stat EXPR, system LIST, time, times, unlink LIST, utime
6489 LIST, waitpid PID,FLAGS
6491 =item Perl variables
6493 %ENV, CRTL_ENV, CLISYM_[LOCAL], Any other string, $!, $^E, $?, $^S, $|
6495 =item Standard modules with VMS-specific differences
6509 =head2 perlvos, README.vos - Perl for Stratus VOS
6517 =item Stratus POSIX Support
6521 =item INSTALLING PERL IN VOS
6525 =item Compiling Perl 5 on VOS
6527 =item Installing Perl 5 on VOS
6531 =item USING PERL IN VOS
6535 =item Unimplemented Features
6541 =item SUPPORT STATUS
6549 =head1 PRAGMA DOCUMENTATION
6551 =head2 attrs - set/get attributes of a subroutine (deprecated)
6563 =head2 re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour
6573 =head2 attributes - get/set subroutine or variable attributes
6583 =item Built-in Attributes
6585 locked, method, lvalue
6587 =item Available Subroutines
6591 =item Package-specific Attribute Handling
6593 FETCH_I<type>_ATTRIBUTES, MODIFY_I<type>_ATTRIBUTES
6595 =item Syntax of Attribute Lists
6603 =item Default exports
6605 =item Available exports
6607 =item Export tags defined
6617 =head2 attrs - set/get attributes of a subroutine (deprecated)
6629 =head2 autouse - postpone load of modules until a function is used
6645 =head2 base - Establish IS-A relationship with base class at compile time
6659 =head2 blib - Use MakeMaker's uninstalled version of a package
6673 =head2 bytes - Perl pragma to force byte semantics rather than character
6686 =head2 charnames - define character names for C<\N{named}> string literal
6695 =item CUSTOM TRANSLATORS
6701 =head2 constant - Perl pragma to declare constants
6711 =item TECHNICAL NOTE
6721 =head2 diagnostics - Perl compiler pragma to force verbose warning
6732 =item The C<diagnostics> Pragma
6734 =item The I<splain> Program
6748 =head2 fields - compile-time class fields
6762 =head2 filetest - Perl pragma to control the filetest permission operators
6772 =item subpragma access
6778 =head2 integer - Perl pragma to use integer arithmetic instead of floating
6789 =head2 less - perl pragma to request less of something from the compiler
6799 =head2 lib - manipulate @INC at compile time
6809 =item Adding directories to @INC
6811 =item Deleting directories from @INC
6813 =item Restoring original @INC
6823 =head2 locale - Perl pragma to use and avoid POSIX locales for built-in
6834 =head2 open - perl pragma to set default disciplines for input and output
6842 =item NONPERLIO FUNCTIONALITY
6844 =item IMPLEMENTATION DETAILS
6850 =head2 ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when compiling
6862 =head2 overload - Package for overloading perl operations
6872 =item Declaration of overloaded functions
6874 =item Calling Conventions for Binary Operations
6876 FALSE, TRUE, C<undef>
6878 =item Calling Conventions for Unary Operations
6880 =item Calling Conventions for Mutators
6882 C<++> and C<-->, C<x=> and other assignment versions
6884 =item Overloadable Operations
6886 I<Arithmetic operations>, I<Comparison operations>, I<Bit operations>,
6887 I<Increment and decrement>, I<Transcendental functions>, I<Boolean, string
6888 and numeric conversion>, I<Iteration>, I<Dereferencing>, I<Special>
6890 =item Inheritance and overloading
6892 Strings as values of C<use overload> directive, Overloading of an operation
6893 is inherited by derived classes
6897 =item SPECIAL SYMBOLS FOR C<use overload>
6905 C<undef>, TRUE, defined, but FALSE
6907 =item Copy Constructor
6913 =item MAGIC AUTOGENERATION
6915 I<Assignment forms of arithmetic operations>, I<Conversion operations>,
6916 I<Increment and decrement>, C<abs($a)>, I<Unary minus>, I<Negation>,
6917 I<Concatenation>, I<Comparison operations>, I<Iterator>, I<Dereferencing>,
6920 =item Losing overloading
6922 =item Run-time Overloading
6924 =item Public functions
6926 overload::StrVal(arg), overload::Overloaded(arg), overload::Method(obj,op)
6928 =item Overloading constants
6930 integer, float, binary, q, qr
6932 =item IMPLEMENTATION
6934 =item Metaphor clash
6940 =item Two-face scalars
6942 =item Two-face references
6944 =item Symbolic calculator
6946 =item I<Really> symbolic calculator
6954 Odd number of arguments for overload::constant, `%s' is not an overloadable
6955 type, `%s' is not a code reference
6961 =head2 re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour
6971 =head2 sigtrap - Perl pragma to enable simple signal handling
6983 =item SIGNAL HANDLERS
6985 B<stack-trace>, B<die>, B<handler> I<your-handler>
6989 B<normal-signals>, B<error-signals>, B<old-interface-signals>
6993 B<untrapped>, B<any>, I<signal>, I<number>
7001 =head2 strict - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe constructs
7009 C<strict refs>, C<strict vars>, C<strict subs>
7013 =head2 subs - Perl pragma to predeclare sub names
7023 =head2 unicode::distinct - Perl pragma to strictly distinguish UTF8 data
7036 =head2 utf8 - Perl pragma to enable/disable UTF-8 (or UTF-EBCDIC) in source
7047 =item Utility functions
7049 $num_octets = utf8::upgrade($string);, utf8::downgrade($string[, CHECK]),
7050 utf8::encode($string), $flag = utf8::decode($string)
7058 =head2 vars - Perl pragma to predeclare global variable names (obsolete)
7068 =head2 warnings - Perl pragma to control optional warnings
7076 use warnings::register, warnings::enabled(), warnings::enabled($category),
7077 warnings::enabled($object), warnings::warn($message),
7078 warnings::warn($category, $message), warnings::warn($object, $message),
7079 warnings::warnif($message), warnings::warnif($category, $message),
7080 warnings::warnif($object, $message)
7084 =head2 warnings::register - warnings import function
7086 =head1 MODULE DOCUMENTATION
7088 =head2 AnyDBM_File - provide framework for multiple DBMs
7098 =item DBM Comparisons
7108 =head2 AutoLoader - load subroutines only on demand
7118 =item Subroutine Stubs
7120 =item Using B<AutoLoader>'s AUTOLOAD Subroutine
7122 =item Overriding B<AutoLoader>'s AUTOLOAD Subroutine
7124 =item Package Lexicals
7126 =item Not Using AutoLoader
7128 =item B<AutoLoader> vs. B<SelfLoader>
7138 =head2 AutoSplit - split a package for autoloading
7146 $keep, $check, $modtime
7150 =item Multiple packages
7158 =head2 B - The Perl Compiler
7166 =item OVERVIEW OF CLASSES
7170 =item SV-RELATED CLASSES
7178 IV, IVX, UVX, int_value, needs64bits, packiv
7192 =item B::PVMG METHODS
7196 =item B::MAGIC METHODS
7198 MOREMAGIC, PRIVATE, TYPE, FLAGS, OBJ, PTR
7200 =item B::PVLV METHODS
7202 TARGOFF, TARGLEN, TYPE, TARG
7206 USEFUL, PREVIOUS, RARE, TABLE
7210 is_empty, NAME, SAFENAME, STASH, SV, IO, FORM, AV, HV, EGV, CV, CVGEN,
7211 LINE, FILE, FILEGV, GvREFCNT, FLAGS
7215 LINES, PAGE, PAGE_LEN, LINES_LEFT, TOP_NAME, TOP_GV, FMT_NAME, FMT_GV,
7216 BOTTOM_NAME, BOTTOM_GV, SUBPROCESS, IoTYPE, IoFLAGS
7220 FILL, MAX, OFF, ARRAY, AvFLAGS
7224 STASH, START, ROOT, GV, FILE, DEPTH, PADLIST, OUTSIDE, XSUB, XSUBANY,
7229 FILL, MAX, KEYS, RITER, NAME, PMROOT, ARRAY
7231 =item OP-RELATED CLASSES
7235 next, sibling, name, ppaddr, desc, targ, type, seq, flags, private
7237 =item B::UNOP METHOD
7241 =item B::BINOP METHOD
7245 =item B::LOGOP METHOD
7249 =item B::LISTOP METHOD
7253 =item B::PMOP METHODS
7255 pmreplroot, pmreplstart, pmnext, pmregexp, pmflags, pmpermflags, precomp
7257 =item B::SVOP METHOD
7261 =item B::PADOP METHOD
7265 =item B::PVOP METHOD
7269 =item B::LOOP METHODS
7271 redoop, nextop, lastop
7273 =item B::COP METHODS
7275 label, stash, file, cop_seq, arybase, line
7279 =item FUNCTIONS EXPORTED BY C<B>
7281 main_cv, init_av, main_root, main_start, comppadlist, sv_undef, sv_yes,
7282 sv_no, amagic_generation, walkoptree(OP, METHOD), walkoptree_debug(DEBUG),
7283 walksymtable(SYMREF, METHOD, RECURSE, PREFIX), svref_2object(SV),
7284 ppname(OPNUM), hash(STR), cast_I32(I), minus_c, cstring(STR), class(OBJ),
7291 =head2 B::Asmdata - Autogenerated data about Perl ops, used to generate
7304 =head2 B::Assembler - Assemble Perl bytecode
7316 =head2 B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks
7328 =head2 B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend
7338 B<-ofilename>, B<-afilename>, B<-->, B<-f>, B<-fcompress-nullops>,
7339 B<-fomit-sequence-numbers>, B<-fbypass-nullops>, B<-On>, B<-D>, B<-Do>,
7340 B<-Db>, B<-Da>, B<-DC>, B<-S>, B<-upackage>
7350 =head2 B::C - Perl compiler's C backend
7360 B<-ofilename>, B<-v>, B<-->, B<-uPackname>, B<-D>, B<-Do>, B<-Dc>, B<-DA>,
7361 B<-DC>, B<-DM>, B<-f>, B<-fcog>, B<-fno-cog>, B<-On>, B<-llimit>
7371 =head2 B::CC - Perl compiler's optimized C translation backend
7381 B<-ofilename>, B<-v>, B<-->, B<-uPackname>, B<-mModulename>, B<-D>, B<-Dr>,
7382 B<-DO>, B<-Ds>, B<-Dp>, B<-Dq>, B<-Dl>, B<-Dt>, B<-f>,
7383 B<-ffreetmps-each-bblock>, B<-ffreetmps-each-loop>, B<-fomit-taint>, B<-On>
7395 =item Context of ".."
7399 =item Deprecated features
7407 =head2 B::Concise - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing concise info about ops
7417 B<-basic>, B<-exec>, B<-tree>, B<-compact>, B<-loose>, B<-vt>, B<-ascii>,
7418 B<-main>, B<-base>I<n>, B<-bigendian>, B<-littleendian>, B<-concise>,
7419 B<-terse>, B<-linenoise>, B<-debug>, B<-env>
7421 =item FORMATTING SPECIFICATIONS
7423 B<(x(>I<exec_text>B<;>I<basic_text>B<)x)>, B<(*(>I<text>B<)*)>,
7424 B<(*(>I<text1>B<;>I<text2>B<)*)>, B<(?(>I<text1>B<#>I<var>I<Text2>B<)?)>,
7425 B<#>I<var>, B<#>I<var>I<N>, B<~>, B<#addr>, B<#arg>, B<#class>,
7426 B<#classym>, B<#coplabel>, B<#exname>, B<#extarg>, B<#firstaddr>,
7427 B<#flags>, B<#flagval>, B<#hyphenseq>, B<#label>, B<#lastaddr>, B<#name>,
7428 B<#NAME>, B<#next>, B<#nextaddr>, B<#noise>, B<#private>, B<#privval>,
7429 B<#seq>, B<#seqnum>, B<#sibaddr>, B<#svaddr>, B<#svclass>, B<#svval>,
7430 B<#targ>, B<#targarg>, B<#targarglife>, B<#typenum>
7436 =item OP flags abbreviations
7438 =item OP class abbreviations
7442 =item Using B::Concise outside of the O framework
7448 =head2 B::Debug - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing debug info about ops
7460 =head2 B::Deparse - Perl compiler backend to produce perl code
7470 B<-l>, B<-p>, B<-q>, B<-f>I<FILE>, B<-s>I<LETTERS>, B<C>, B<i>I<NUMBER>,
7471 B<T>, B<v>I<STRING>B<.>, B<-x>I<LEVEL>
7473 =item USING B::Deparse AS A MODULE
7483 =item ambient_pragmas
7485 strict, $[, bytes, utf8, integer, re, warnings, hint_bits, warning_bits
7497 =head2 B::Disassembler - Disassemble Perl bytecode
7509 =head2 B::Lint - Perl lint
7517 =item OPTIONS AND LINT CHECKS
7519 B<context>, B<implicit-read> and B<implicit-write>, B<dollar-underscore>,
7520 B<private-names>, B<undefined-subs>, B<regexp-variables>, B<all>, B<none>
7522 =item NON LINT-CHECK OPTIONS
7532 =head2 B::O, O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends
7542 =item IMPLEMENTATION
7548 =head2 B::Showlex - Show lexical variables used in functions or files
7560 =head2 B::Stackobj - Helper module for CC backend
7572 =head2 B::Stash - show what stashes are loaded
7574 =head2 B::Terse - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing terse info about ops
7586 =head2 B::Xref - Generates cross reference reports for Perl programs
7596 C<-oFILENAME>, C<-r>, C<-D[tO]>
7604 =head2 Bblock, B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks
7616 =head2 Benchmark - benchmark running times of Perl code
7630 =item Standard Exports
7632 timeit(COUNT, CODE), timethis ( COUNT, CODE, [ TITLE, [ STYLE ]] ),
7633 timethese ( COUNT, CODEHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), timediff ( T1, T2 ), timestr (
7634 TIMEDIFF, [ STYLE, [ FORMAT ] ] )
7636 =item Optional Exports
7638 clearcache ( COUNT ), clearallcache ( ), cmpthese ( COUT, CODEHASHREF, [
7639 STYLE ] ), cmpthese ( RESULTSHASHREF ), countit(TIME, CODE), disablecache (
7640 ), enablecache ( ), timesum ( T1, T2 )
7656 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
7660 =head2 ByteLoader - load byte compiled perl code
7674 =head2 Bytecode, B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend
7684 B<-ofilename>, B<-afilename>, B<-->, B<-f>, B<-fcompress-nullops>,
7685 B<-fomit-sequence-numbers>, B<-fbypass-nullops>, B<-On>, B<-D>, B<-Do>,
7686 B<-Db>, B<-Da>, B<-DC>, B<-S>, B<-upackage>
7696 =head2 CGI - Simple Common Gateway Interface Class
7708 =item PROGRAMMING STYLE
7710 =item CALLING CGI.PM ROUTINES
7712 =item CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT (OBJECT-ORIENTED STYLE):
7714 =item CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT FROM AN INPUT FILE
7716 =item FETCHING A LIST OF KEYWORDS FROM THE QUERY:
7718 =item FETCHING THE NAMES OF ALL THE PARAMETERS PASSED TO YOUR SCRIPT:
7720 =item FETCHING THE VALUE OR VALUES OF A SINGLE NAMED PARAMETER:
7722 =item SETTING THE VALUE(S) OF A NAMED PARAMETER:
7724 =item APPENDING ADDITIONAL VALUES TO A NAMED PARAMETER:
7726 =item IMPORTING ALL PARAMETERS INTO A NAMESPACE:
7728 =item DELETING A PARAMETER COMPLETELY:
7730 =item DELETING ALL PARAMETERS:
7732 =item DIRECT ACCESS TO THE PARAMETER LIST:
7734 =item FETCHING THE PARAMETER LIST AS A HASH:
7736 =item SAVING THE STATE OF THE SCRIPT TO A FILE:
7738 =item RETRIEVING CGI ERRORS
7740 =item USING THE FUNCTION-ORIENTED INTERFACE
7742 B<:cgi>, B<:form>, B<:html2>, B<:html3>, B<:netscape>, B<:html>,
7743 B<:standard>, B<:all>
7747 -any, -compile, -nosticky, -no_undef_params, -no_xhtml, -nph,
7748 -newstyle_urls, -oldstyle_urls, -autoload, -no_debug, -debug,
7751 =item SPECIAL FORMS FOR IMPORTING HTML-TAG FUNCTIONS
7753 1. start_table() (generates a <TABLE> tag), 2. end_table() (generates a
7754 </TABLE> tag), 3. start_ul() (generates a <UL> tag), 4. end_ul() (generates
7759 =item GENERATING DYNAMIC DOCUMENTS
7763 =item CREATING A STANDARD HTTP HEADER:
7765 =item GENERATING A REDIRECTION HEADER
7767 =item CREATING THE HTML DOCUMENT HEADER
7769 B<Parameters:>, 4, 5, 6..
7771 =item ENDING THE HTML DOCUMENT:
7773 =item CREATING A SELF-REFERENCING URL THAT PRESERVES STATE INFORMATION:
7775 =item OBTAINING THE SCRIPT'S URL
7777 B<-absolute>, B<-relative>, B<-full>, B<-path> (B<-path_info>), B<-query>
7778 (B<-query_string>), B<-base>
7780 =item MIXING POST AND URL PARAMETERS
7784 =item CREATING STANDARD HTML ELEMENTS:
7788 =item PROVIDING ARGUMENTS TO HTML SHORTCUTS
7790 =item THE DISTRIBUTIVE PROPERTY OF HTML SHORTCUTS
7792 =item HTML SHORTCUTS AND LIST INTERPOLATION
7794 =item NON-STANDARD HTML SHORTCUTS
7796 =item AUTOESCAPING HTML
7798 $escaped_string = escapeHTML("unescaped string");, $charset =
7799 charset([$charset]);, $flag = autoEscape([$flag]);
7801 =item PRETTY-PRINTING HTML
7805 =item CREATING FILL-OUT FORMS:
7809 =item CREATING AN ISINDEX TAG
7811 =item STARTING AND ENDING A FORM
7813 B<application/x-www-form-urlencoded>, B<multipart/form-data>
7815 =item CREATING A TEXT FIELD
7819 =item CREATING A BIG TEXT FIELD
7821 =item CREATING A PASSWORD FIELD
7823 =item CREATING A FILE UPLOAD FIELD
7827 =item CREATING A POPUP MENU
7829 =item CREATING A SCROLLING LIST
7833 =item CREATING A GROUP OF RELATED CHECKBOXES
7837 =item CREATING A STANDALONE CHECKBOX
7841 =item CREATING A RADIO BUTTON GROUP
7845 =item CREATING A SUBMIT BUTTON
7849 =item CREATING A RESET BUTTON
7851 =item CREATING A DEFAULT BUTTON
7853 =item CREATING A HIDDEN FIELD
7857 =item CREATING A CLICKABLE IMAGE BUTTON
7861 =item CREATING A JAVASCRIPT ACTION BUTTON
7867 1. an expiration time, 2. a domain, 3. a path, 4. a "secure" flag,
7868 B<-name>, B<-value>, B<-path>, B<-domain>, B<-expires>, B<-secure>
7870 =item WORKING WITH FRAMES
7872 1. Create a <Frameset> document, 2. Specify the destination for the
7873 document in the HTTP header, 3. Specify the destination for the document in
7876 =item LIMITED SUPPORT FOR CASCADING STYLE SHEETS
7882 =item DUMPING OUT ALL THE NAME/VALUE PAIRS
7886 =item FETCHING ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
7888 B<Accept()>, B<raw_cookie()>, B<user_agent()>, B<path_info()>,
7889 B<path_translated()>, B<remote_host()>, B<script_name()>, B<referer()>,
7890 B<auth_type ()>, B<server_name ()>, B<virtual_host ()>, B<server_port ()>,
7891 B<server_software ()>, B<remote_user ()>, B<user_name ()>,
7892 B<request_method()>, B<content_type()>, B<http()>, B<https()>
7894 =item USING NPH SCRIPTS
7896 In the B<use> statement, By calling the B<nph()> method:, By using B<-nph>
7901 multipart_init(), multipart_start(), multipart_end(), multipart_final()
7903 =item Avoiding Denial of Service Attacks
7905 B<$CGI::POST_MAX>, B<$CGI::DISABLE_UPLOADS>, B<1. On a script-by-script
7906 basis>, B<2. Globally for all scripts>
7908 =item COMPATIBILITY WITH CGI-LIB.PL
7910 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
7914 Matt Heffron (heffron@falstaff.css.beckman.com), James Taylor
7915 (james.taylor@srs.gov), Scott Anguish <sanguish@digifix.com>, Mike Jewell
7916 (mlj3u@virginia.edu), Timothy Shimmin (tes@kbs.citri.edu.au), Joergen Haegg
7917 (jh@axis.se), Laurent Delfosse (delfosse@delfosse.com), Richard Resnick
7918 (applepi1@aol.com), Craig Bishop (csb@barwonwater.vic.gov.au), Tony Curtis
7919 (tc@vcpc.univie.ac.at), Tim Bunce (Tim.Bunce@ig.co.uk), Tom Christiansen
7920 (tchrist@convex.com), Andreas Koenig (k@franz.ww.TU-Berlin.DE), Tim
7921 MacKenzie (Tim.MacKenzie@fulcrum.com.au), Kevin B. Hendricks
7922 (kbhend@dogwood.tyler.wm.edu), Stephen Dahmen (joyfire@inxpress.net), Ed
7923 Jordan (ed@fidalgo.net), David Alan Pisoni (david@cnation.com), Doug
7924 MacEachern (dougm@opengroup.org), Robin Houston (robin@oneworld.org),
7925 ...and many many more..
7927 =item A COMPLETE EXAMPLE OF A SIMPLE FORM-BASED SCRIPT
7935 =head2 CGI::Apache - Backward compatibility module for CGI.pm
7945 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
7953 =head2 CGI::Carp, B<CGI::Carp> - CGI routines for writing to the HTTPD (or
7962 =item REDIRECTING ERROR MESSAGES
7964 =item MAKING PERL ERRORS APPEAR IN THE BROWSER WINDOW
7968 =item Changing the default message
7972 =item MAKING WARNINGS APPEAR AS HTML COMMENTS
7982 =head2 CGI::Cookie - Interface to Netscape Cookies
7990 =item USING CGI::Cookie
7992 B<1. expiration date>, B<2. domain>, B<3. path>, B<4. secure flag>
7996 =item Creating New Cookies
7998 =item Sending the Cookie to the Browser
8000 =item Recovering Previous Cookies
8002 =item Manipulating Cookies
8004 B<name()>, B<value()>, B<domain()>, B<path()>, B<expires()>
8008 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
8016 =head2 CGI::Fast - CGI Interface for Fast CGI
8024 =item OTHER PIECES OF THE PUZZLE
8026 =item WRITING FASTCGI PERL SCRIPTS
8028 =item INSTALLING FASTCGI SCRIPTS
8030 =item USING FASTCGI SCRIPTS AS CGI SCRIPTS
8034 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
8042 =head2 CGI::Pretty - module to produce nicely formatted HTML code
8052 =item Tags that won't be formatted
8054 =item Customizing the Indenting
8066 =head2 CGI::Push - Simple Interface to Server Push
8074 =item USING CGI::Push
8076 -next_page, -last_page, -type, -delay, -cookie, -target, -expires, -nph
8080 =item Heterogeneous Pages
8082 =item Changing the Page Delay on the Fly
8086 =item INSTALLING CGI::Push SCRIPTS
8088 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
8096 =head2 CGI::Switch - Backward compatibility module for defunct CGI::Switch
8106 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
8114 =head2 CGI::Util - Internal utilities used by CGI module
8122 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
8128 =head2 CPAN - query, download and build perl modules from CPAN sites
8138 =item Interactive Mode
8140 Searching for authors, bundles, distribution files and modules, make, test,
8141 install, clean modules or distributions, get, readme, look module or
8142 distribution, ls author, Signals
8150 =item The four C<CPAN::*> Classes: Author, Bundle, Module, Distribution
8152 =item Programmer's interface
8154 expand($type,@things), expandany(@things), Programming Examples
8156 =item Methods in the other Classes
8158 CPAN::Author::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Author::as_string(),
8159 CPAN::Author::email(), CPAN::Author::fullname(), CPAN::Author::name(),
8160 CPAN::Bundle::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Bundle::as_string(),
8161 CPAN::Bundle::clean(), CPAN::Bundle::contains(),
8162 CPAN::Bundle::force($method,@args), CPAN::Bundle::get(),
8163 CPAN::Bundle::inst_file(), CPAN::Bundle::inst_version(),
8164 CPAN::Bundle::uptodate(), CPAN::Bundle::install(), CPAN::Bundle::make(),
8165 CPAN::Bundle::readme(), CPAN::Bundle::test(),
8166 CPAN::Distribution::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Distribution::as_string(),
8167 CPAN::Distribution::clean(), CPAN::Distribution::containsmods(),
8168 CPAN::Distribution::cvs_import(), CPAN::Distribution::dir(),
8169 CPAN::Distribution::force($method,@args), CPAN::Distribution::get(),
8170 CPAN::Distribution::install(), CPAN::Distribution::isa_perl(),
8171 CPAN::Distribution::look(), CPAN::Distribution::make(),
8172 CPAN::Distribution::prereq_pm(), CPAN::Distribution::readme(),
8173 CPAN::Distribution::test(), CPAN::Distribution::uptodate(),
8174 CPAN::Index::force_reload(), CPAN::Index::reload(), CPAN::InfoObj::dump(),
8175 CPAN::Module::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Module::as_string(),
8176 CPAN::Module::clean(), CPAN::Module::cpan_file(),
8177 CPAN::Module::cpan_version(), CPAN::Module::cvs_import(),
8178 CPAN::Module::description(), CPAN::Module::force($method,@args),
8179 CPAN::Module::get(), CPAN::Module::inst_file(),
8180 CPAN::Module::inst_version(), CPAN::Module::install(),
8181 CPAN::Module::look(), CPAN::Module::make(),
8182 CPAN::Module::manpage_headline(), CPAN::Module::readme(),
8183 CPAN::Module::test(), CPAN::Module::uptodate(), CPAN::Module::userid()
8191 =item Finding packages and VERSION
8195 =item Floppy, Zip, Offline Mode
8201 C<o conf E<lt>scalar optionE<gt>>, C<o conf E<lt>scalar optionE<gt>
8202 E<lt>valueE<gt>>, C<o conf E<lt>list optionE<gt>>, C<o conf E<lt>list
8203 optionE<gt> [shift|pop]>, C<o conf E<lt>list optionE<gt>
8204 [unshift|push|splice] E<lt>listE<gt>>
8208 =item Note on urllist parameter's format
8210 =item urllist parameter has CD-ROM support
8218 =item POPULATE AN INSTALLATION WITH LOTS OF MODULES
8220 =item WORKING WITH CPAN.pm BEHIND FIREWALLS
8224 =item Three basic types of firewalls
8226 http firewall, ftp firewall, One way visibility, SOCKS, IP Masquerade
8228 =item Configuring lynx or ncftp for going through a firewall
8234 1), 2), 3), 4), 5), 6), 7), 8), 9), 10)
8246 =head2 CPAN::FirstTime - Utility for CPAN::Config file Initialization
8256 =head2 CPANox, CPAN::Nox - Wrapper around CPAN.pm without using any XS
8269 =head2 Carp, carp - warn of errors (from perspective of caller)
8279 =item Forcing a Stack Trace
8287 =head2 Carp::Heavy, Carp heavy machinery - no user serviceable parts inside
8289 =head2 Class::ISA -- report the search path for a class's ISA tree
8299 the function Class::ISA::super_path($CLASS), the function
8300 Class::ISA::self_and_super_path($CLASS), the function
8301 Class::ISA::self_and_super_versions($CLASS)
8303 =item CAUTIONARY NOTES
8311 =head2 Class::Struct - declare struct-like datatypes as Perl classes
8321 =item The C<struct()> function
8323 =item Class Creation at Compile Time
8325 =item Element Types and Accessor Methods
8327 Scalar (C<'$'> or C<'*$'>), Array (C<'@'> or C<'*@'>), Hash (C<'%'> or
8328 C<'*%'>), Class (C<'Class_Name'> or C<'*Class_Name'>)
8330 =item Initializing with C<new>
8336 Example 1, Example 2, Example 3
8338 =item Author and Modification History
8342 =head2 Config - access Perl configuration information
8350 myconfig(), config_sh(), config_vars(@names)
8362 C<_a>, C<_exe>, C<_o>
8366 C<afs>, C<alignbytes>, C<ansi2knr>, C<aphostname>, C<api_revision>,
8367 C<api_subversion>, C<api_version>, C<api_versionstring>, C<ar>, C<archlib>,
8368 C<archlibexp>, C<archname64>, C<archname>, C<archobjs>, C<awk>
8372 C<baserev>, C<bash>, C<bin>, C<bincompat5005>, C<binexp>, C<bison>,
8373 C<byacc>, C<byteorder>
8377 C<c>, C<castflags>, C<cat>, C<cc>, C<cccdlflags>, C<ccdlflags>, C<ccflags>,
8378 C<ccflags_uselargefiles>, C<ccname>, C<ccsymbols>, C<ccversion>, C<cf_by>,
8379 C<cf_email>, C<cf_time>, C<charsize>, C<chgrp>, C<chmod>, C<chown>,
8380 C<clocktype>, C<comm>, C<compress>
8384 C<CONFIGDOTSH>, C<contains>, C<cp>, C<cpio>, C<cpp>, C<cpp_stuff>,
8385 C<cppccsymbols>, C<cppflags>, C<cpplast>, C<cppminus>, C<cpprun>,
8386 C<cppstdin>, C<cppsymbols>, C<crosscompile>, C<cryptlib>, C<csh>
8390 C<d__fwalk>, C<d_access>, C<d_accessx>, C<d_alarm>, C<d_archlib>,
8391 C<d_atolf>, C<d_atoll>, C<d_attribut>, C<d_bcmp>, C<d_bcopy>,
8392 C<d_bincompat5005>, C<d_bsd>, C<d_bsdgetpgrp>, C<d_bsdsetpgrp>, C<d_bzero>,
8393 C<d_casti32>, C<d_castneg>, C<d_charvspr>, C<d_chown>, C<d_chroot>,
8394 C<d_chsize>, C<d_closedir>, C<d_cmsghdr_s>, C<d_const>, C<d_crypt>,
8395 C<d_csh>, C<d_cuserid>, C<d_dbl_dig>, C<d_difftime>, C<d_dirnamlen>,
8396 C<d_dlerror>, C<d_dlopen>, C<d_dlsymun>, C<d_dosuid>, C<d_drand48proto>,
8397 C<d_dup2>, C<d_eaccess>, C<d_endgrent>, C<d_endhent>, C<d_endnent>,
8398 C<d_endpent>, C<d_endpwent>, C<d_endsent>, C<d_eofnblk>, C<d_eunice>,
8399 C<d_fchmod>, C<d_fchown>, C<d_fcntl>, C<d_fcntl_can_lock>, C<d_fd_macros>,
8400 C<d_fd_set>, C<d_fds_bits>, C<d_fgetpos>, C<d_flexfnam>, C<d_flock>,
8401 C<d_fork>, C<d_fpathconf>, C<d_fpos64_t>, C<d_frexpl>, C<d_fs_data_s>,
8402 C<d_fseeko>, C<d_fsetpos>, C<d_fstatfs>, C<d_fstatvfs>, C<d_fsync>,
8403 C<d_ftello>, C<d_ftime>, C<d_Gconvert>, C<d_getcwd>, C<d_getespwnam>,
8404 C<d_getfsstat>, C<d_getgrent>, C<d_getgrps>, C<d_gethbyaddr>,
8405 C<d_gethbyname>, C<d_gethent>, C<d_gethname>, C<d_gethostprotos>,
8406 C<d_getitimer>, C<d_getlogin>, C<d_getmnt>, C<d_getmntent>,
8407 C<d_getnbyaddr>, C<d_getnbyname>, C<d_getnent>, C<d_getnetprotos>,
8408 C<d_getpagsz>, C<d_getpbyname>, C<d_getpbynumber>, C<d_getpent>,
8409 C<d_getpgid>, C<d_getpgrp2>, C<d_getpgrp>, C<d_getppid>, C<d_getprior>,
8410 C<d_getprotoprotos>, C<d_getprpwnam>, C<d_getpwent>, C<d_getsbyname>,
8411 C<d_getsbyport>, C<d_getsent>, C<d_getservprotos>, C<d_getspnam>,
8412 C<d_gettimeod>, C<d_gnulibc>, C<d_grpasswd>, C<d_hasmntopt>, C<d_htonl>,
8413 C<d_iconv>, C<d_index>, C<d_inetaton>, C<d_int64_t>, C<d_isascii>,
8414 C<d_isnan>, C<d_isnanl>, C<d_killpg>, C<d_lchown>, C<d_ldbl_dig>,
8415 C<d_link>, C<d_locconv>, C<d_lockf>, C<d_longdbl>, C<d_longlong>,
8416 C<d_lseekproto>, C<d_lstat>, C<d_madvise>, C<d_mblen>, C<d_mbstowcs>,
8417 C<d_mbtowc>, C<d_memchr>, C<d_memcmp>, C<d_memcpy>, C<d_memmove>,
8418 C<d_memset>, C<d_mkdir>, C<d_mkdtemp>, C<d_mkfifo>, C<d_mkstemp>,
8419 C<d_mkstemps>, C<d_mktime>, C<d_mmap>, C<d_modfl>, C<d_mprotect>, C<d_msg>,
8420 C<d_msg_ctrunc>, C<d_msg_dontroute>, C<d_msg_oob>, C<d_msg_peek>,
8421 C<d_msg_proxy>, C<d_msgctl>, C<d_msgget>, C<d_msghdr_s>, C<d_msgrcv>,
8422 C<d_msgsnd>, C<d_msync>, C<d_munmap>, C<d_mymalloc>, C<d_nice>,
8423 C<d_nv_preserves_uv>, C<d_nv_preserves_uv_bits>, C<d_off64_t>,
8424 C<d_old_pthread_create_joinable>, C<d_oldpthreads>, C<d_oldsock>,
8425 C<d_open3>, C<d_pathconf>, C<d_pause>, C<d_perl_otherlibdirs>,
8426 C<d_phostname>, C<d_pipe>, C<d_poll>, C<d_portable>, C<d_PRId64>,
8427 C<d_PRIeldbl>, C<d_PRIEUldbl>, C<d_PRIfldbl>, C<d_PRIFUldbl>,
8428 C<d_PRIgldbl>, C<d_PRIGUldbl>, C<d_PRIi64>, C<d_PRIo64>, C<d_PRIu64>,
8429 C<d_PRIx64>, C<d_PRIXU64>, C<d_pthread_yield>, C<d_pwage>, C<d_pwchange>,
8430 C<d_pwclass>, C<d_pwcomment>, C<d_pwexpire>, C<d_pwgecos>, C<d_pwpasswd>,
8431 C<d_pwquota>, C<d_qgcvt>, C<d_quad>, C<d_readdir>, C<d_readlink>,
8432 C<d_readv>, C<d_recvmsg>, C<d_rename>, C<d_rewinddir>, C<d_rmdir>,
8433 C<d_safebcpy>, C<d_safemcpy>, C<d_sanemcmp>, C<d_sbrkproto>,
8434 C<d_sched_yield>, C<d_scm_rights>, C<d_SCNfldbl>, C<d_seekdir>,
8435 C<d_select>, C<d_sem>, C<d_semctl>, C<d_semctl_semid_ds>,
8436 C<d_semctl_semun>, C<d_semget>, C<d_semop>, C<d_sendmsg>, C<d_setegid>,
8437 C<d_seteuid>, C<d_setgrent>, C<d_setgrps>, C<d_sethent>, C<d_setitimer>,
8438 C<d_setlinebuf>, C<d_setlocale>, C<d_setnent>, C<d_setpent>, C<d_setpgid>,
8439 C<d_setpgrp2>, C<d_setpgrp>, C<d_setprior>, C<d_setproctitle>,
8440 C<d_setpwent>, C<d_setregid>, C<d_setresgid>, C<d_setresuid>,
8441 C<d_setreuid>, C<d_setrgid>, C<d_setruid>, C<d_setsent>, C<d_setsid>,
8442 C<d_setvbuf>, C<d_sfio>, C<d_shm>, C<d_shmat>, C<d_shmatprototype>,
8443 C<d_shmctl>, C<d_shmdt>, C<d_shmget>, C<d_sigaction>, C<d_sigprocmask>,
8444 C<d_sigsetjmp>, C<d_sockatmark>, C<d_socket>, C<d_socklen_t>,
8445 C<d_sockpair>, C<d_socks5_init>, C<d_sqrtl>, C<d_statblks>,
8446 C<d_statfs_f_flags>, C<d_statfs_s>, C<d_statvfs>, C<d_stdio_cnt_lval>,
8447 C<d_stdio_ptr_lval>, C<d_stdio_ptr_lval_nochange_cnt>,
8448 C<d_stdio_ptr_lval_sets_cnt>, C<d_stdio_stream_array>, C<d_stdiobase>,
8449 C<d_stdstdio>, C<d_strchr>, C<d_strcoll>, C<d_strctcpy>, C<d_strerrm>,
8450 C<d_strerror>, C<d_strftime>, C<d_strtod>, C<d_strtol>, C<d_strtold>,
8451 C<d_strtoll>, C<d_strtoq>, C<d_strtoul>, C<d_strtoull>, C<d_strtouq>,
8452 C<d_strxfrm>, C<d_suidsafe>, C<d_symlink>, C<d_syscall>, C<d_sysconf>,
8453 C<d_sysernlst>, C<d_syserrlst>, C<d_system>, C<d_tcgetpgrp>,
8454 C<d_tcsetpgrp>, C<d_telldir>, C<d_telldirproto>, C<d_time>, C<d_times>,
8455 C<d_truncate>, C<d_tzname>, C<d_u32align>, C<d_ualarm>, C<d_umask>,
8456 C<d_uname>, C<d_union_semun>, C<d_usleep>, C<d_ustat>, C<d_vendorarch>,
8457 C<d_vendorbin>, C<d_vendorlib>, C<d_vfork>, C<d_void_closedir>,
8458 C<d_voidsig>, C<d_voidtty>, C<d_volatile>, C<d_vprintf>, C<d_wait4>,
8459 C<d_waitpid>, C<d_wcstombs>, C<d_wctomb>, C<d_writev>, C<d_xenix>, C<date>,
8460 C<db_hashtype>, C<db_prefixtype>, C<defvoidused>, C<direntrytype>,
8461 C<dlext>, C<dlsrc>, C<doublesize>, C<drand01>, C<dynamic_ext>
8465 C<eagain>, C<ebcdic>, C<echo>, C<egrep>, C<emacs>, C<eunicefix>,
8466 C<exe_ext>, C<expr>, C<extensions>
8470 C<fflushall>, C<fflushNULL>, C<find>, C<firstmakefile>, C<flex>,
8471 C<fpossize>, C<fpostype>, C<freetype>, C<full_ar>, C<full_csh>, C<full_sed>
8475 C<gccosandvers>, C<gccversion>, C<gidformat>, C<gidsign>, C<gidsize>,
8476 C<gidtype>, C<glibpth>, C<grep>, C<groupcat>, C<groupstype>, C<gzip>
8480 C<h_fcntl>, C<h_sysfile>, C<hint>, C<hostcat>
8484 C<i16size>, C<i16type>, C<i32size>, C<i32type>, C<i64size>, C<i64type>,
8485 C<i8size>, C<i8type>, C<i_arpainet>, C<i_bsdioctl>, C<i_db>, C<i_dbm>,
8486 C<i_dirent>, C<i_dld>, C<i_dlfcn>, C<i_fcntl>, C<i_float>, C<i_gdbm>,
8487 C<i_grp>, C<i_iconv>, C<i_ieeefp>, C<i_inttypes>, C<i_libutil>,
8488 C<i_limits>, C<i_locale>, C<i_machcthr>, C<i_malloc>, C<i_math>,
8489 C<i_memory>, C<i_mntent>, C<i_ndbm>, C<i_netdb>, C<i_neterrno>,
8490 C<i_netinettcp>, C<i_niin>, C<i_poll>, C<i_prot>, C<i_pthread>, C<i_pwd>,
8491 C<i_rpcsvcdbm>, C<i_sfio>, C<i_sgtty>, C<i_shadow>, C<i_socks>,
8492 C<i_stdarg>, C<i_stddef>, C<i_stdlib>, C<i_string>, C<i_sunmath>,
8493 C<i_sysaccess>, C<i_sysdir>, C<i_sysfile>, C<i_sysfilio>, C<i_sysin>,
8494 C<i_sysioctl>, C<i_syslog>, C<i_sysmman>, C<i_sysmode>, C<i_sysmount>,
8495 C<i_sysndir>, C<i_sysparam>, C<i_sysresrc>, C<i_syssecrt>, C<i_sysselct>,
8496 C<i_syssockio>, C<i_sysstat>, C<i_sysstatfs>, C<i_sysstatvfs>,
8497 C<i_systime>, C<i_systimek>, C<i_systimes>, C<i_systypes>, C<i_sysuio>,
8498 C<i_sysun>, C<i_sysutsname>, C<i_sysvfs>, C<i_syswait>, C<i_termio>,
8499 C<i_termios>, C<i_time>, C<i_unistd>, C<i_ustat>, C<i_utime>, C<i_values>,
8500 C<i_varargs>, C<i_varhdr>, C<i_vfork>, C<ignore_versioned_solibs>,
8501 C<inc_version_list>, C<inc_version_list_init>, C<incpath>, C<inews>,
8502 C<installarchlib>, C<installbin>, C<installman1dir>, C<installman3dir>,
8503 C<installprefix>, C<installprefixexp>, C<installprivlib>, C<installscript>,
8504 C<installsitearch>, C<installsitebin>, C<installsitelib>, C<installstyle>,
8505 C<installusrbinperl>, C<installvendorarch>, C<installvendorbin>,
8506 C<installvendorlib>, C<intsize>, C<issymlink>, C<ivdformat>, C<ivsize>,
8511 C<known_extensions>, C<ksh>
8515 C<ld>, C<lddlflags>, C<ldflags>, C<ldflags_uselargefiles>, C<ldlibpthname>,
8516 C<less>, C<lib_ext>, C<libc>, C<libperl>, C<libpth>, C<libs>, C<libsdirs>,
8517 C<libsfiles>, C<libsfound>, C<libspath>, C<libswanted>,
8518 C<libswanted_uselargefiles>, C<line>, C<lint>, C<lkflags>, C<ln>, C<lns>,
8519 C<locincpth>, C<loclibpth>, C<longdblsize>, C<longlongsize>, C<longsize>,
8520 C<lp>, C<lpr>, C<ls>, C<lseeksize>, C<lseektype>
8524 C<mail>, C<mailx>, C<make>, C<make_set_make>, C<mallocobj>, C<mallocsrc>,
8525 C<malloctype>, C<man1dir>, C<man1direxp>, C<man1ext>, C<man3dir>,
8526 C<man3direxp>, C<man3ext>
8530 C<Mcc>, C<mips_type>, C<mkdir>, C<mmaptype>, C<modetype>, C<more>,
8531 C<multiarch>, C<mv>, C<myarchname>, C<mydomain>, C<myhostname>, C<myuname>
8535 C<n>, C<need_va_copy>, C<netdb_hlen_type>, C<netdb_host_type>,
8536 C<netdb_name_type>, C<netdb_net_type>, C<nm>, C<nm_opt>, C<nm_so_opt>,
8537 C<nonxs_ext>, C<nroff>, C<nveformat>, C<nvEUformat>, C<nvfformat>,
8538 C<nvFUformat>, C<nvgformat>, C<nvGUformat>, C<nvsize>, C<nvtype>
8542 C<o_nonblock>, C<obj_ext>, C<old_pthread_create_joinable>, C<optimize>,
8543 C<orderlib>, C<osname>, C<osvers>, C<otherlibdirs>
8547 C<package>, C<pager>, C<passcat>, C<patchlevel>, C<path_sep>, C<perl5>,
8552 C<PERL_REVISION>, C<PERL_SUBVERSION>, C<PERL_VERSION>, C<perladmin>,
8553 C<perllibs>, C<perlpath>, C<pg>, C<phostname>, C<pidtype>, C<plibpth>,
8554 C<pm_apiversion>, C<pmake>, C<pr>, C<prefix>, C<prefixexp>, C<privlib>,
8555 C<privlibexp>, C<prototype>, C<ptrsize>
8559 C<quadkind>, C<quadtype>
8563 C<randbits>, C<randfunc>, C<randseedtype>, C<ranlib>, C<rd_nodata>,
8564 C<revision>, C<rm>, C<rmail>, C<runnm>
8568 C<sched_yield>, C<scriptdir>, C<scriptdirexp>, C<sed>, C<seedfunc>,
8569 C<selectminbits>, C<selecttype>, C<sendmail>, C<sh>, C<shar>, C<sharpbang>,
8570 C<shmattype>, C<shortsize>, C<shrpenv>, C<shsharp>, C<sig_count>,
8571 C<sig_name>, C<sig_name_init>, C<sig_num>, C<sig_num_init>, C<sig_size>,
8572 C<signal_t>, C<sitearch>, C<sitearchexp>, C<sitebin>, C<sitebinexp>,
8573 C<sitelib>, C<sitelib_stem>, C<sitelibexp>, C<siteprefix>,
8574 C<siteprefixexp>, C<sizesize>, C<sizetype>, C<sleep>, C<smail>, C<so>,
8575 C<sockethdr>, C<socketlib>, C<socksizetype>, C<sort>, C<spackage>,
8576 C<spitshell>, C<sPRId64>, C<sPRIeldbl>, C<sPRIEUldbl>, C<sPRIfldbl>,
8577 C<sPRIFUldbl>, C<sPRIgldbl>, C<sPRIGUldbl>, C<sPRIi64>, C<sPRIo64>,
8578 C<sPRIu64>, C<sPRIx64>, C<sPRIXU64>, C<src>, C<sSCNfldbl>, C<ssizetype>,
8579 C<startperl>, C<startsh>, C<static_ext>, C<stdchar>, C<stdio_base>,
8580 C<stdio_bufsiz>, C<stdio_cnt>, C<stdio_filbuf>, C<stdio_ptr>,
8581 C<stdio_stream_array>, C<strings>, C<submit>, C<subversion>, C<sysman>
8585 C<tail>, C<tar>, C<tbl>, C<tee>, C<test>, C<timeincl>, C<timetype>,
8586 C<touch>, C<tr>, C<trnl>, C<troff>
8590 C<u16size>, C<u16type>, C<u32size>, C<u32type>, C<u64size>, C<u64type>,
8591 C<u8size>, C<u8type>, C<uidformat>, C<uidsign>, C<uidsize>, C<uidtype>,
8592 C<uname>, C<uniq>, C<uquadtype>, C<use5005threads>, C<use64bitall>,
8593 C<use64bitint>, C<usedl>, C<useithreads>, C<uselargefiles>,
8594 C<uselongdouble>, C<usemorebits>, C<usemultiplicity>, C<usemymalloc>,
8595 C<usenm>, C<useopcode>, C<useperlio>, C<useposix>, C<usesfio>,
8596 C<useshrplib>, C<usesocks>, C<usethreads>, C<usevendorprefix>, C<usevfork>,
8597 C<usrinc>, C<uuname>, C<uvoformat>, C<uvsize>, C<uvtype>, C<uvuformat>,
8598 C<uvxformat>, C<uvXUformat>
8602 C<vendorarch>, C<vendorarchexp>, C<vendorbin>, C<vendorbinexp>,
8603 C<vendorlib>, C<vendorlib_stem>, C<vendorlibexp>, C<vendorprefix>,
8604 C<vendorprefixexp>, C<version>, C<versiononly>, C<vi>, C<voidflags>
8608 C<xlibpth>, C<xs_apiversion>
8612 C<yacc>, C<yaccflags>
8624 =head2 Cwd - get pathname of current working directory
8634 =head2 DB - programmatic interface to the Perl debugging API (draft,
8646 =item Global Variables
8648 $DB::sub, %DB::sub, $DB::single, $DB::signal, $DB::trace, @DB::args,
8649 @DB::dbline, %DB::dbline, $DB::package, $DB::filename, $DB::subname,
8654 CLIENT->register(), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->skippkg('D::hide'),
8655 CLIENT->run(), CLIENT->step(), CLIENT->next(), CLIENT->done()
8657 =item Client Callback Methods
8659 CLIENT->init(), CLIENT->prestop([STRING]), CLIENT->stop(), CLIENT->idle(),
8660 CLIENT->poststop([STRING]), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->cleanup(),
8661 CLIENT->output(LIST)
8671 =head2 DB_File - Perl5 access to Berkeley DB version 1.x
8679 B<DB_HASH>, B<DB_BTREE>, B<DB_RECNO>
8683 =item Using DB_File with Berkeley DB version 2 or 3
8685 =item Interface to Berkeley DB
8687 =item Opening a Berkeley DB Database File
8689 =item Default Parameters
8691 =item In Memory Databases
8699 =item A Simple Example
8707 =item Changing the BTREE sort order
8709 =item Handling Duplicate Keys
8711 =item The get_dup() Method
8713 =item The find_dup() Method
8715 =item The del_dup() Method
8717 =item Matching Partial Keys
8725 =item The 'bval' Option
8727 =item A Simple Example
8729 =item Extra RECNO Methods
8731 B<$X-E<gt>push(list) ;>, B<$value = $X-E<gt>pop ;>, B<$X-E<gt>shift>,
8732 B<$X-E<gt>unshift(list) ;>, B<$X-E<gt>length>, B<$X-E<gt>splice(offset,
8735 =item Another Example
8739 =item THE API INTERFACE
8741 B<$status = $X-E<gt>get($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status =
8742 $X-E<gt>put($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>del($key [,
8743 $flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>fd ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>seq($key,
8744 $value, $flags) ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>sync([$flags]) ;>
8748 B<filter_store_key>, B<filter_store_value>, B<filter_fetch_key>,
8749 B<filter_fetch_value>
8755 =item An Example -- the NULL termination problem.
8757 =item Another Example -- Key is a C int.
8761 =item HINTS AND TIPS
8765 =item Locking: The Trouble with fd
8767 =item Safe ways to lock a database
8769 B<Tie::DB_Lock>, B<Tie::DB_LockFile>, B<DB_File::Lock>
8771 =item Sharing Databases With C Applications
8773 =item The untie() Gotcha
8777 =item COMMON QUESTIONS
8781 =item Why is there Perl source in my database?
8783 =item How do I store complex data structures with DB_File?
8785 =item What does "Invalid Argument" mean?
8787 =item What does "Bareword 'DB_File' not allowed" mean?
8807 =head2 Data::Dumper - stringified perl data structures, suitable for both
8808 printing and C<eval>
8820 I<PACKAGE>->new(I<ARRAYREF [>, I<ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Dump I<or>
8821 I<PACKAGE>->Dump(I<ARRAYREF [>, I<ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Seen(I<[HASHREF]>),
8822 I<$OBJ>->Values(I<[ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Names(I<[ARRAYREF]>),
8829 =item Configuration Variables or Methods
8831 $Data::Dumper::Indent I<or> I<$OBJ>->Indent(I<[NEWVAL]>),
8832 $Data::Dumper::Purity I<or> I<$OBJ>->Purity(I<[NEWVAL]>),
8833 $Data::Dumper::Pad I<or> I<$OBJ>->Pad(I<[NEWVAL]>),
8834 $Data::Dumper::Varname I<or> I<$OBJ>->Varname(I<[NEWVAL]>),
8835 $Data::Dumper::Useqq I<or> I<$OBJ>->Useqq(I<[NEWVAL]>),
8836 $Data::Dumper::Terse I<or> I<$OBJ>->Terse(I<[NEWVAL]>),
8837 $Data::Dumper::Freezer I<or> $I<OBJ>->Freezer(I<[NEWVAL]>),
8838 $Data::Dumper::Toaster I<or> $I<OBJ>->Toaster(I<[NEWVAL]>),
8839 $Data::Dumper::Deepcopy I<or> $I<OBJ>->Deepcopy(I<[NEWVAL]>),
8840 $Data::Dumper::Quotekeys I<or> $I<OBJ>->Quotekeys(I<[NEWVAL]>),
8841 $Data::Dumper::Bless I<or> $I<OBJ>->Bless(I<[NEWVAL]>),
8842 $Data::Dumper::Maxdepth I<or> $I<OBJ>->Maxdepth(I<[NEWVAL]>)
8862 =head2 Devel::DProf - a Perl code profiler
8870 =item PROFILE FORMAT
8882 =head2 Devel::Peek - A data debugging tool for the XS programmer
8892 =item Memory footprint debugging
8900 =item A simple scalar string
8902 =item A simple scalar number
8904 =item A simple scalar with an extra reference
8906 =item A reference to a simple scalar
8908 =item A reference to an array
8910 =item A reference to a hash
8912 =item Dumping a large array or hash
8914 =item A reference to an SV which holds a C pointer
8916 =item A reference to a subroutine
8930 =head2 Devel::SelfStubber - generate stubs for a SelfLoading module
8940 =head2 Digest:: - Modules that calculate message digests
8948 I<binary>, I<hex>, I<base64>
8952 $ctx = Digest->XXX($arg,...), $ctx = Digest->new(XXX => $arg,...), $ctx =
8953 Digest::XXX->new($arg,...), $ctx->reset, $ctx->add($data,...),
8954 $ctx->addfile($io_handle), $ctx->digest, $ctx->hexdigest, $ctx->b64digest
8962 =head2 Digest::MD5 - Perl interface to the MD5 Algorithm
8972 md5($data,...), md5_hex($data,...), md5_base64($data,...)
8976 $md5 = Digest::MD5->new, $md5->reset, $md5->add($data,...),
8977 $md5->addfile($io_handle), $md5->digest, $md5->hexdigest, $md5->b64digest
8989 =head2 DirHandle - supply object methods for directory handles
8999 =head2 Dumpvalue - provides screen dump of Perl data.
9011 C<arrayDepth>, C<hashDepth>, C<compactDump>, C<veryCompact>, C<globPrint>,
9012 C<DumpDBFiles>, C<DumpPackages>, C<DumpReused>, C<tick>, C<HighBit>,
9013 C<printUndef>, C<UsageOnly>, unctrl, subdump, bareStringify, quoteHighBit,
9018 dumpValue, dumpValues, dumpvars, set_quote, set_unctrl, compactDump,
9019 veryCompact, set, get
9025 =head2 DynaLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code
9033 @dl_library_path, @dl_resolve_using, @dl_require_symbols, @dl_librefs,
9034 @dl_modules, dl_error(), $dl_debug, dl_findfile(), dl_expandspec(),
9035 dl_load_file(), dl_unload_file(), dl_loadflags(), dl_find_symbol(),
9036 dl_find_symbol_anywhere(), dl_undef_symbols(), dl_install_xsub(),
9043 =head2 DynaLoader::XSLoader, XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into
9056 =head2 Encode - character encodings
9074 =item Characteristics of an Encoding
9076 =item Types of Encodings
9078 Fixed length 8-bit (or less) encodings, Fixed length 16-bit encodings,
9079 Fixed length 32-bit encodings, Multi-byte encodings, "Escape" encodings
9081 =item Specifying Encodings
9083 1. By name, 2. As an object
9085 =item Encoding Names
9087 The MIME name as defined in IETF RFC-XXXX, The name in the IANA registry,
9088 The name used by the the organization that defined it
9092 =item PERL ENCODING API
9096 =item Generic Encoding Interface
9098 =item Handling Malformed Data
9100 Scheme 1, Scheme 2, Other Schemes
9104 =item Other Encodings of Unicode
9106 =item Listing available encodings
9108 =item Defining Aliases
9110 As a simple string, As a qr// compiled regular expression, e.g.:, As a code
9113 =item Defining Encodings
9117 =item Encoding and IO
9119 =item Encoding How to ...
9121 IO with mixed content (faking iso-2020-*), MIME's Content-Length:, UTF-8
9122 strings in binary data, Perl/Encode wrappers on non-Unicode XS modules
9124 =item Messing with Perl's Internals
9126 is_utf8(STRING [, CHECK]), valid_utf8(STRING)
9128 =item IMPLEMENTATION CLASSES
9130 -E<gt>name, -E<gt>new_sequence, -E<gt>encode($string,$check),
9131 -E<gt>decode($octets,$check)
9135 =item Compiled Encodings
9137 .enc, .ucm, .ucm, .c, .xs, ascii and iso-8859-*, IBM-1047 and two other
9138 variants of EBCDIC, symbol and dingbats as used by Tk on X11
9146 =head2 Encode::EncodeFormat, EncodeFormat - the format of encoding tables
9147 of the Encode extension
9153 [1] B<S>, [2] B<D>, [3] B<M>, [4] B<E>
9161 =head2 Encode::Tcl - Tcl encodings
9163 =head2 EncodeFormat - the format of encoding tables of the Encode extension
9169 [1] B<S>, [2] B<D>, [3] B<M>, [4] B<E>
9177 =head2 English - use nice English (or awk) names for ugly punctuation
9190 =head2 Env - perl module that imports environment variables as scalars or
9205 =head2 Errno - System errno constants
9221 =head2 Exporter - Implements default import method for modules
9233 =item Selecting What To Export
9235 =item Specialised Import Lists
9237 =item Exporting without using Export's import method
9239 =item Module Version Checking
9241 =item Managing Unknown Symbols
9243 =item Tag Handling Utility Functions
9249 =head2 Exporter::Heavy - Exporter guts
9259 =head2 ExtUtils::Command - utilities to replace common UNIX commands in
9280 mv source... destination
9282 cp source... destination
9300 =head2 ExtUtils::Embed - Utilities for embedding Perl in C/C++ applications
9312 xsinit(), Examples, ldopts(), Examples, perl_inc(), ccflags(), ccdlflags(),
9313 ccopts(), xsi_header(), xsi_protos(@modules), xsi_body(@modules)
9323 =head2 ExtUtils::Install - install files from here to there
9333 =head2 ExtUtils::Installed - Inventory management of installed modules
9345 new(), modules(), files(), directories(), directory_tree(), validate(),
9346 packlist(), version()
9354 =head2 ExtUtils::Liblist - determine libraries to use and how to use them
9362 For static extensions, For dynamic extensions, For dynamic extensions
9368 =item LDLOADLIBS and LD_RUN_PATH
9378 =item VMS implementation
9380 =item Win32 implementation
9388 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
9397 canonpath, cflags, manifypods, perl_archive
9401 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_OS2 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
9416 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Unix - methods used by ExtUtils::MakeMaker
9428 =item Preloaded methods
9448 =item SelfLoaded methods
9494 file_name_is_absolute
9500 =item Methods to actually produce chunks of text for the Makefile
9540 maybe_command_in_dirs
9578 replace_manpage_separator
9592 test_via_harness (o)
9624 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_VMS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
9635 =item Methods always loaded
9647 =item SelfLoaded methods
9649 guess_name (override)
9653 find_perl (override)
9657 maybe_command (override)
9659 maybe_command_in_dirs (override)
9661 perl_script (override)
9663 file_name_is_absolute (override)
9665 replace_manpage_separator
9667 init_others (override)
9669 constants (override)
9673 const_cccmd (override)
9675 pm_to_blib (override)
9677 tool_autosplit (override)
9679 tool_sxubpp (override)
9681 xsubpp_version (override)
9683 tools_other (override)
9693 top_targets (override)
9697 dynamic_lib (override)
9699 dynamic_bs (override)
9701 static_lib (override)
9703 manifypods (override)
9705 processPL (override)
9707 installbin (override)
9713 realclean (override)
9715 dist_basics (override)
9717 dist_core (override)
9721 dist_test (override)
9725 perldepend (override)
9731 test_via_harness (override)
9733 test_via_script (override)
9735 makeaperl (override)
9739 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Win32 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
9766 test_via_harness (o)
9768 tool_autosplit (override)
9786 =head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker - create an extension Makefile
9796 =item How To Write A Makefile.PL
9798 =item Default Makefile Behaviour
9806 =item PREFIX and LIB attribute
9810 =item Static Linking of a new Perl Binary
9812 =item Determination of Perl Library and Installation Locations
9814 =item Which architecture dependent directory?
9816 =item Using Attributes and Parameters
9818 ABSTRACT, ABSTRACT_FROM, AUTHOR, BINARY_LOCATION, C, CAPI, CCFLAGS, CONFIG,
9819 CONFIGURE, DEFINE, DIR, DISTNAME, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, EXCLUDE_EXT,
9820 EXE_FILES, FIRST_MAKEFILE, FULLPERL, FUNCLIST, H, HTMLLIBPODS,
9821 HTMLSCRIPTPODS, IMPORTS, INC, INCLUDE_EXT, INSTALLARCHLIB, INSTALLBIN,
9822 INSTALLDIRS, INSTALLHTMLPRIVLIBDIR, INSTALLHTMLSCRIPTDIR,
9823 INSTALLHTMLSITELIBDIR, INSTALLMAN1DIR, INSTALLMAN3DIR, INSTALLPRIVLIB,
9824 INSTALLSCRIPT, INSTALLSITEARCH, INSTALLSITELIB, INST_ARCHLIB, INST_BIN,
9825 INST_EXE, INST_HTMLLIBDIR, INST_HTMLSCRIPTDIR, INST_LIB, INST_MAN1DIR,
9826 INST_MAN3DIR, INST_SCRIPT, LDFROM, LIB, LIBPERL_A, LIBS, LINKTYPE,
9827 MAKEAPERL, MAKEFILE, MAN1PODS, MAN3PODS, MAP_TARGET, MYEXTLIB, NAME,
9828 NEEDS_LINKING, NOECHO, NORECURS, NO_VC, OBJECT, OPTIMIZE, PERL, PERLMAINCC,
9829 PERL_ARCHLIB, PERL_LIB, PERL_MALLOC_OK, PERL_SRC, PERM_RW, PERM_RWX,
9830 PL_FILES, PM, PMLIBDIRS, PM_FILTER, POLLUTE, PPM_INSTALL_EXEC,
9831 PPM_INSTALL_SCRIPT, PREFIX, PREREQ_PM, SKIP, TYPEMAPS, VERSION,
9832 VERSION_FROM, XS, XSOPT, XSPROTOARG, XS_VERSION
9834 =item Additional lowercase attributes
9836 clean, depend, dist, dynamic_lib, linkext, macro, realclean, test,
9839 =item Overriding MakeMaker Methods
9841 =item Hintsfile support
9843 =item Distribution Support
9845 make distcheck, make skipcheck, make distclean, make manifest,
9846 make distdir, make tardist, make dist, make uutardist, make
9847 shdist, make zipdist, make ci
9849 =item Disabling an extension
9863 =head2 ExtUtils::Manifest - utilities to write and check a MANIFEST file
9875 =item GLOBAL VARIABLES
9879 C<Not in MANIFEST:> I<file>, C<No such file:> I<file>, C<MANIFEST:> I<$!>,
9880 C<Added to MANIFEST:> I<file>
9884 B<PERL_MM_MANIFEST_DEBUG>
9892 =head2 ExtUtils::Miniperl, writemain - write the C code for perlmain.c
9904 =head2 ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap - make a bootstrap file for use by DynaLoader
9914 =head2 ExtUtils::Mksymlists - write linker options files for dynamic
9923 DLBASE, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, FILE, FUNCLIST, IMPORTS, NAME
9931 =head2 ExtUtils::Packlist - manage .packlist files
9943 new(), read(), write(), validate(), packlist_file()
9951 =head2 ExtUtils::testlib - add blib/* directories to @INC
9961 =head2 Fatal - replace functions with equivalents which succeed or die
9973 =head2 Fcntl - load the C Fcntl.h defines
9983 =item EXPORTED SYMBOLS
9987 =head2 File::Basename, fileparse - split a pathname into pieces
9995 fileparse_set_fstype, fileparse
9999 C<basename>, C<dirname>
10003 =head2 File::CheckTree, validate - run many filetest checks on a tree
10013 =head2 File::Compare - Compare files or filehandles
10027 =head2 File::Copy - Copy files or filehandles
10037 =item Special behaviour if C<syscopy> is defined (OS/2, VMS and Win32)
10039 rmscopy($from,$to[,$date_flag])
10049 =head2 File::DosGlob - DOS like globbing and then some
10057 =item EXPORTS (by request only)
10069 =head2 File::Find, find - traverse a file tree
10077 C<wanted>, C<bydepth>, C<preprocess>, C<postprocess>, C<follow>,
10078 C<follow_fast>, C<follow_skip>, C<no_chdir>, C<untaint>,
10079 C<untaint_pattern>, C<untaint_skip>
10085 =head2 File::Glob - Perl extension for BSD glob routine
10093 C<GLOB_ERR>, C<GLOB_LIMIT>, C<GLOB_MARK>, C<GLOB_NOCASE>, C<GLOB_NOCHECK>,
10094 C<GLOB_NOSORT>, C<GLOB_BRACE>, C<GLOB_NOMAGIC>, C<GLOB_QUOTE>,
10095 C<GLOB_TILDE>, C<GLOB_CSH>, C<GLOB_ALPHASORT>
10099 C<GLOB_NOSPACE>, C<GLOB_ABEND>
10107 =head2 File::Path - create or remove directory trees
10119 =head2 File::Spec - portably perform operations on file names
10133 =head2 File::Spec::Epoc - methods for Epoc file specs
10167 =head2 File::Spec::Functions - portably perform operations on file names
10185 =head2 File::Spec::Mac - File::Spec for MacOS
10213 file_name_is_absolute
10233 =head2 File::Spec::OS2 - methods for OS/2 file specs
10243 =head2 File::Spec::Unix - methods used by File::Spec
10275 file_name_is_absolute
10297 =head2 File::Spec::VMS - methods for VMS file specs
10313 =item Methods always loaded
10315 canonpath (override)
10333 case_tolerant (override)
10337 file_name_is_absolute (override)
10339 splitpath (override)
10341 splitdir (override)
10355 =head2 File::Spec::Win32 - methods for Win32 file specs
10385 =head2 File::Temp - return name and handle of a temporary file safely
10409 =item MKTEMP FUNCTIONS
10423 =item POSIX FUNCTIONS
10433 =item ADDITIONAL FUNCTIONS
10441 =item UTILITY FUNCTIONS
10449 =item PACKAGE VARIABLES
10451 B<safe_level>, STANDARD, MEDIUM, HIGH
10463 =item Temporary files and NFS
10475 =head2 File::stat - by-name interface to Perl's built-in stat() functions
10489 =head2 FileCache - keep more files open than the system permits
10501 =head2 FileHandle - supply object methods for filehandles
10509 $fh->print, $fh->printf, $fh->getline, $fh->getlines
10515 =head2 Filter::Simple - Simplified source filtering
10529 =item Disabling or changing <no> behaviour
10531 =item All-in-one interface
10543 =head2 Filter::Util::Call - Perl Source Filter Utility Module
10553 =item B<use Filter::Util::Call>
10557 =item B<filter() and anonymous sub>
10559 B<$_>, B<$status>, B<filter_read> and B<filter_read_exact>, B<filter_del>
10567 =item Example 1: A simple filter.
10569 =item Example 2: Using the context
10571 =item Example 3: Using the context within the filter
10573 =item Example 4: Using filter_del
10577 =item Filter::Simple
10585 =head2 FindBin - Locate directory of original perl script
10593 =item EXPORTABLE VARIABLES
10603 =head2 GDBM_File - Perl5 access to the gdbm library.
10619 =head2 Getopt::Long - Extended processing of command line options
10627 =item Command Line Options, an Introduction
10629 =item Getting Started with Getopt::Long
10633 =item Simple options
10635 =item A little bit less simple options
10637 =item Mixing command line option with other arguments
10639 =item Options with values
10641 =item Options with multiple values
10643 =item Options with hash values
10645 =item User-defined subroutines to handle options
10647 =item Options with multiple names
10649 =item Case and abbreviations
10651 =item Summary of Option Specifications
10653 !, +, s, i, f, : I<type> [ I<desttype> ]
10657 =item Advanced Possibilities
10661 =item Object oriented interface
10663 =item Documentation and help texts
10665 =item Storing options in a hash
10669 =item The lonesome dash
10671 =item Argument call-back
10675 =item Configuring Getopt::Long
10677 default, posix_default, auto_abbrev, getopt_compat, gnu_compat, gnu_getopt,
10678 require_order, permute, bundling (default: disabled), bundling_override
10679 (default: disabled), ignore_case (default: enabled), ignore_case_always
10680 (default: disabled), pass_through (default: disabled), prefix,
10681 prefix_pattern, debug (default: disabled)
10683 =item Return values and Errors
10689 =item Default destinations
10691 =item Alternative option starters
10693 =item Configuration variables
10697 =item Trouble Shooting
10701 =item Warning: Ignoring '!' modifier for short option
10703 =item GetOptions does not return a false result when an option is not
10710 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER
10714 =head2 Getopt::Std, getopt - Process single-character switches with switch
10725 =head2 I18N::Collate - compare 8-bit scalar data according to the current
10736 =head2 IO - load various IO modules
10746 =head2 IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory handles
10754 new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (),
10755 rewind (), close (), tie %hash, IO::Dir, DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ]
10765 =head2 IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles
10775 new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile
10779 open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] )
10787 =head2 IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O handles
10797 new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE )
10801 $io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines,
10802 $io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ), $io->error,
10803 $io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush ( ARGS ),
10804 $io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint
10816 =head2 IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes
10826 new ( [READER, WRITER] )
10830 reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles ()
10840 =head2 IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call
10850 mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ), remove (
10851 IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] )
10861 =head2 IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for I/O objects
10869 $io->getpos, $io->setpos, $io->seek ( POS, WHENCE ), WHENCE=0 (SEEK_SET),
10870 WHENCE=1 (SEEK_CUR), WHENCE=2 (SEEK_END), $io->sysseek( POS, WHENCE ),
10879 =head2 IO::Select - OO interface to the select system call
10889 new ( [ HANDLES ] )
10893 add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read (
10894 [ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ),
10895 count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, ERROR [, TIMEOUT ] )
10905 =head2 IO::Socket - Object interface to socket communications
10919 accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), atmark, connected,
10920 protocol, sockdomain, sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), socktype, timeout([VAL])
10930 =head2 IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for AF_INET domain sockets
10946 sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost
10959 =head2 IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for AF_UNIX domain sockets
10973 hostpath(), peerpath()
10983 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Dir, IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory
10992 new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (),
10993 rewind (), close (), tie %hash, IO::Dir, DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ]
11003 =head2 IO::lib::IO::File, IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles
11013 new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile
11017 open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] )
11025 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Handle, IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O
11036 new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE )
11040 $io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines,
11041 $io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ), $io->error,
11042 $io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush ( ARGS ),
11043 $io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint
11055 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Pipe, IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes
11065 new ( [READER, WRITER] )
11069 reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles ()
11079 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Poll, IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call
11089 mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ), remove (
11090 IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] )
11100 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Seekable, IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for
11109 $io->getpos, $io->setpos, $io->seek ( POS, WHENCE ), WHENCE=0 (SEEK_SET),
11110 WHENCE=1 (SEEK_CUR), WHENCE=2 (SEEK_END), $io->sysseek( POS, WHENCE ),
11119 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Select, IO::Select - OO interface to the select system
11130 new ( [ HANDLES ] )
11134 add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read (
11135 [ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ),
11136 count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, ERROR [, TIMEOUT ] )
11146 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket, IO::Socket - Object interface to socket
11161 accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), atmark, connected,
11162 protocol, sockdomain, sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), socktype, timeout([VAL])
11172 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket::INET, IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for
11173 AF_INET domain sockets
11189 sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost
11202 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket::UNIX, IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for
11203 AF_UNIX domain sockets
11217 hostpath(), peerpath()
11227 =head2 IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class
11237 new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set
11238 ( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [,
11249 =head2 IPC::Open2, open2 - open a process for both reading and writing
11263 =head2 IPC::Open3, open3 - open a process for reading, writing, and error
11276 =head2 IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object class
11286 new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ),
11287 getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ),
11288 set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N
11299 =head2 IPC::SysV - SysV IPC constants
11317 =head2 IPC::SysV::Msg, IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class
11327 new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set
11328 ( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [,
11339 =head2 IPC::SysV::Semaphore, IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object
11350 new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ),
11351 getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ),
11352 set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N
11363 =head2 List::Util - A selection of general-utility list subroutines
11371 first BLOCK LIST, max LIST, maxstr LIST, min LIST, minstr LIST, reduce
11372 BLOCK LIST, sum LIST
11374 =item SUGGESTED ADDITIONS
11380 =head2 List::Utilib::List::Util, List::Util - A selection of
11381 general-utility list subroutines
11389 first BLOCK LIST, max LIST, maxstr LIST, min LIST, minstr LIST, reduce
11390 BLOCK LIST, sum LIST
11392 =item SUGGESTED ADDITIONS
11398 =head2 List::Utilib::Scalar::Util, Scalar::Util - A selection of
11399 general-utility scalar subroutines
11407 blessed EXPR, dualvar NUM, STRING, isweak EXPR, readonly SCALAR, reftype
11408 EXPR, tainted EXPR, weaken REF
11416 =head2 Locale::Constants - constants for Locale codes
11424 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
11428 Locale::Language, Locale::Country, Locale::Currency
11436 =head2 Locale::Country - ISO codes for country identification (ISO 3166)
11448 B<alpha-2>, B<alpha-3>, B<numeric>
11454 =item CONVERSION ROUTINES
11456 code2country( CODE, [ CODESET ] ), country2code( STRING, [ CODESET ] ),
11457 country_code2code( CODE, CODESET, CODESET )
11463 =item QUERY ROUTINES
11465 C<all_country_codes( [ CODESET ] )>, C<all_country_names( [ CODESET ] )>
11471 =item CODE ALIASING
11481 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
11485 Locale::Language, Locale::Currency, ISO 3166,
11486 http://www.din.de/gremien/nas/nabd/iso3166ma/,
11487 http://www.egt.ie/standards/iso3166/iso3166-1-en.html,
11488 http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/docs/app-f.html
11496 =head2 Locale::Currency - ISO three letter codes for currency
11497 identification (ISO 4217)
11515 =item CONVERSION ROUTINES
11517 code2currency(), currency2code()
11523 =item QUERY ROUTINES
11525 C<all_currency_codes()>, C<all_currency_names()>
11533 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
11537 Locale::Country, ISO 4217:1995, http://www.bsi-global.com/iso4217currency
11545 =head2 Locale::Language - ISO two letter codes for language identification
11562 =item CONVERSION ROUTINES
11564 code2language(), language2code()
11570 =item QUERY ROUTINES
11572 C<all_language_codes()>, C<all_language_names()>
11580 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
11584 Locale::Country, Locale::Currency, ISO 639:1988 (E/F),
11585 http://lcweb.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/langhome.html
11593 =head2 MIME::Base64 - Encoding and decoding of base64 strings
11601 encode_base64($str, [$eol]), decode_base64($str)
11605 Premature end of base64 data, Premature padding of base64 data
11613 =head2 MIME::Base64::QuotedPrint, MIME::QuotedPrint - Encoding and decoding
11614 of quoted-printable strings
11622 encode_qp($str), decode_qp($str);
11628 =head2 MIME::QuotedPrint - Encoding and decoding of quoted-printable
11637 encode_qp($str), decode_qp($str);
11643 =head2 Math::BigFloat - Arbitrary length float math package
11651 number format, Error returns 'NaN', Division is computed to, Rounding is
11660 =head2 Math::BigInt - Arbitrary size integer math package
11668 Canonical notation, Input, Output
11672 =item Autocreating constants
11680 =head2 Math::Complex - complex numbers and associated mathematical
11693 =item STRINGIFICATION
11697 =item CHANGED IN PERL 5.6
11703 =item ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO OR LOGARITHM OF ZERO
11705 =item ERRORS DUE TO INDIGESTIBLE ARGUMENTS
11713 =head2 Math::Trig - trigonometric functions
11721 =item TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS
11727 =item ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO
11729 =item SIMPLE (REAL) ARGUMENTS, COMPLEX RESULTS
11733 =item PLANE ANGLE CONVERSIONS
11735 =item RADIAL COORDINATE CONVERSIONS
11739 =item COORDINATE SYSTEMS
11741 =item 3-D ANGLE CONVERSIONS
11743 cartesian_to_cylindrical, cartesian_to_spherical, cylindrical_to_cartesian,
11744 cylindrical_to_spherical, spherical_to_cartesian, spherical_to_cylindrical
11748 =item GREAT CIRCLE DISTANCES AND DIRECTIONS
11754 =item CAVEAT FOR GREAT CIRCLE FORMULAS
11764 =head2 NDBM_File - Tied access to ndbm files
11772 C<O_RDONLY>, C<O_WRONLY>, C<O_RDWR>
11778 =item C<ndbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...>
11782 =item BUGS AND WARNINGS
11786 =head2 NEXT - Provide a pseudo-class NEXT that allows method redispatch
11796 =item BUGS AND IRRITATIONS
11802 =head2 Net::Ping - check a remote host for reachability
11810 icmp, udp, tcp, stream, external
11816 Net::Ping->new([$proto [, $def_timeout [, $bytes]]]);, $p->ping($host [,
11817 $timeout]);, $p->open($host);, $p->close();, pingecho($host [, $timeout]);
11825 =head2 Net::hostent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gethost*()
11842 =head2 Net::netent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getnet*()
11859 =head2 Net::protoent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getproto*()
11874 =head2 Net::servent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getserv*()
11891 =head2 O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends
11901 =item IMPLEMENTATION
11907 =head2 ODBM_File - Tied access to odbm files
11915 C<O_RDONLY>, C<O_WRONLY>, C<O_RDWR>
11921 =item C<odbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...>
11925 =item BUGS AND WARNINGS
11929 =head2 Opcode - Disable named opcodes when compiling perl code
11941 =item Operator Names and Operator Lists
11943 an operator name (opname), an operator tag name (optag), a negated opname
11944 or optag, an operator set (opset)
11946 =item Opcode Functions
11948 opcodes, opset (OP, ...), opset_to_ops (OPSET), opset_to_hex (OPSET),
11949 full_opset, empty_opset, invert_opset (OPSET), verify_opset (OPSET, ...),
11950 define_optag (OPTAG, OPSET), opmask_add (OPSET), opmask, opdesc (OP, ...),
11953 =item Manipulating Opsets
11955 =item TO DO (maybe)
11961 =item Predefined Opcode Tags
11963 :base_core, :base_mem, :base_loop, :base_io, :base_orig, :base_math,
11964 :base_thread, :default, :filesys_read, :sys_db, :browse, :filesys_open,
11965 :filesys_write, :subprocess, :ownprocess, :others, :still_to_be_decided,
11974 =head2 Opcode::Safe, Safe - Compile and execute code in restricted
11983 a new namespace, an operator mask
11989 =item RECENT CHANGES
11991 =item Methods in class Safe
11993 permit (OP, ...), permit_only (OP, ...), deny (OP, ...), deny_only (OP,
11994 ...), trap (OP, ...), untrap (OP, ...), share (NAME, ...), share_from
11995 (PACKAGE, ARRAYREF), varglob (VARNAME), reval (STRING), rdo (FILENAME),
11996 root (NAMESPACE), mask (MASK)
11998 =item Some Safety Issues
12000 Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes
12008 =head2 Opcode::ops, ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when
12021 =head2 POSIX - Perl interface to IEEE Std 1003.1
12035 _exit, abort, abs, access, acos, alarm, asctime, asin, assert, atan, atan2,
12036 atexit, atof, atoi, atol, bsearch, calloc, ceil, chdir, chmod, chown,
12037 clearerr, clock, close, closedir, cos, cosh, creat, ctermid, ctime,
12038 cuserid, difftime, div, dup, dup2, errno, execl, execle, execlp, execv,
12039 execve, execvp, exit, exp, fabs, fclose, fcntl, fdopen, feof, ferror,
12040 fflush, fgetc, fgetpos, fgets, fileno, floor, fmod, fopen, fork, fpathconf,
12041 fprintf, fputc, fputs, fread, free, freopen, frexp, fscanf, fseek, fsetpos,
12042 fstat, ftell, fwrite, getc, getchar, getcwd, getegid, getenv, geteuid,
12043 getgid, getgrgid, getgrnam, getgroups, getlogin, getpgrp, getpid, getppid,
12044 getpwnam, getpwuid, gets, getuid, gmtime, isalnum, isalpha, isatty,
12045 iscntrl, isdigit, isgraph, islower, isprint, ispunct, isspace, isupper,
12046 isxdigit, kill, labs, ldexp, ldiv, link, localeconv, localtime, log, log10,
12047 longjmp, lseek, malloc, mblen, mbstowcs, mbtowc, memchr, memcmp, memcpy,
12048 memmove, memset, mkdir, mkfifo, mktime, modf, nice, offsetof, open,
12049 opendir, pathconf, pause, perror, pipe, pow, printf, putc, putchar, puts,
12050 qsort, raise, rand, read, readdir, realloc, remove, rename, rewind,
12051 rewinddir, rmdir, scanf, setgid, setjmp, setlocale, setpgid, setsid,
12052 setuid, sigaction, siglongjmp, sigpending, sigprocmask, sigsetjmp,
12053 sigsuspend, sin, sinh, sleep, sprintf, sqrt, srand, sscanf, stat, strcat,
12054 strchr, strcmp, strcoll, strcpy, strcspn, strerror, strftime, strlen,
12055 strncat, strncmp, strncpy, strpbrk, strrchr, strspn, strstr, strtod,
12056 strtok, strtol, strtoul, strxfrm, sysconf, system, tan, tanh, tcdrain,
12057 tcflow, tcflush, tcgetpgrp, tcsendbreak, tcsetpgrp, time, times, tmpfile,
12058 tmpnam, tolower, toupper, ttyname, tzname, tzset, umask, uname, ungetc,
12059 unlink, utime, vfprintf, vprintf, vsprintf, wait, waitpid, wcstombs,
12066 =item POSIX::SigAction
12070 =item POSIX::SigSet
12072 new, addset, delset, emptyset, fillset, ismember
12074 =item POSIX::Termios
12076 new, getattr, getcc, getcflag, getiflag, getispeed, getlflag, getoflag,
12077 getospeed, setattr, setcc, setcflag, setiflag, setispeed, setlflag,
12078 setoflag, setospeed, Baud rate values, Terminal interface values, c_cc
12079 field values, c_cflag field values, c_iflag field values, c_lflag field
12080 values, c_oflag field values
12084 =item PATHNAME CONSTANTS
12088 =item POSIX CONSTANTS
12092 =item SYSTEM CONFIGURATION
12150 =head2 PerlIO - On demand loader for PerlIO layers and root of PerlIO::*
12159 unix, stdio, perlio, crlf, utf8, raw
12163 =item Defaults and how to override them
12173 =head2 PerlIO::Scalar - support module for in-memory IO.
12183 =head2 PerlIO::Via - Helper class for PerlIO layers implemented in perl
12191 $class->PUSHED([$mode][,$fh]), $obj->POPPED([$fh]),
12192 $class->OPEN($path,$mode[,$fh]), $class->FDOPEN($fd),
12193 $class->SYSOPEN($path,$imode,$perm,$fh), $obj->FILENO($fh),
12194 $obj->READ($buffer,$len,$fh), $obj->WRITE($buffer,$fh), $obj->FILL($fh),
12195 $obj->CLOSE($fh), $obj->SEEK($posn,$whence,$fh), $obj->TELL($fh),
12196 $obj->UNREAD($buffer,$fh), $obj->FLUSH($fh), $obj->SETLINEBUF($fh),
12197 $obj->CLEARERR($fh), $obj->ERROR($fh), $obj->EOF($fh)
12201 =head2 Pod::Checker, podchecker() - check pod documents for syntax errors
12207 =item OPTIONS/ARGUMENTS
12213 B<-warnings> =E<gt> I<val>
12225 empty =headn, =over on line I<N> without closing =back, =item without
12226 previous =over, =back without previous =over, No argument for =begin, =end
12227 without =begin, Nested =begin's, =for without formatter specification,
12228 unresolved internal link I<NAME>, Unknown command "I<CMD>", Unknown
12229 interior-sequence "I<SEQ>", nested commands
12230 I<CMD>E<lt>...I<CMD>E<lt>...E<gt>...E<gt>, garbled entity I<STRING>, Entity
12231 number out of range, malformed link LE<lt>E<gt>, nonempty ZE<lt>E<gt>,
12232 empty XE<lt>E<gt>, Spurious text after =pod / =cut, Spurious character(s)
12237 multiple occurence of link target I<name>, line containing nothing but
12238 whitespace in paragraph, file does not start with =head, previous =item has
12239 no contents, preceding non-item paragraph(s), =item type mismatch (I<one>
12240 vs. I<two>), I<N> unescaped C<E<lt>E<gt>> in paragraph, Unknown entity, No
12241 items in =over, No argument for =item, empty section in previous paragraph,
12242 Verbatim paragraph in NAME section
12246 ignoring leading/trailing whitespace in link, (section) in '$page'
12247 deprecated, alternative text/node '%s' contains non-escaped | or /
12259 C<Pod::Checker-E<gt>new( %options )>
12261 C<$checker-E<gt>poderror( @args )>, C<$checker-E<gt>poderror( {%opts},
12264 C<$checker-E<gt>num_errors()>
12266 C<$checker-E<gt>name()>
12268 C<$checker-E<gt>node()>
12270 C<$checker-E<gt>idx()>
12272 C<$checker-E<gt>hyperlink()>
12280 =head2 Pod::Find - find POD documents in directory trees
12292 =item C<pod_find( { %opts } , @directories )>
12294 C<-verbose =E<gt> 1>, C<-perl =E<gt> 1>, C<-script =E<gt> 1>, C<-inc =E<gt>
12301 =item C<simplify_name( $str )>
12307 =item C<pod_where( { %opts }, $pod )>
12309 C<-inc =E<gt> 1>, C<-dirs =E<gt> [ $dir1, $dir2, ... ]>, C<-verbose =E<gt>
12316 =item C<contains_pod( $file , $verbose )>
12328 =head2 Pod::Html - module to convert pod files to HTML
12338 backlink, cachedir, css, flush, header, help, htmldir, htmlroot, index,
12339 infile, libpods, netscape, outfile, podpath, podroot, quiet, recurse,
12354 =head2 Pod::InputObjects - objects representing POD input paragraphs,
12367 package B<Pod::InputSource>, package B<Pod::Paragraph>, package
12368 B<Pod::InteriorSequence>, package B<Pod::ParseTree>
12374 =item B<Pod::InputSource>
12398 =item B<was_cutting()>
12404 =item B<Pod::Paragraph>
12410 =item Pod::Paragraph-E<gt>B<new()>
12416 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<cmd_name()>
12422 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<text()>
12428 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<raw_text()>
12434 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<cmd_prefix()>
12440 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<cmd_separator()>
12446 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<parse_tree()>
12452 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<file_line()>
12458 =item B<Pod::InteriorSequence>
12464 =item Pod::InteriorSequence-E<gt>B<new()>
12470 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<cmd_name()>
12476 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<prepend()>
12482 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<append()>
12488 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<nested()>
12494 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<raw_text()>
12500 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<left_delimiter()>
12506 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<right_delimiter()>
12512 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<parse_tree()>
12518 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<file_line()>
12524 =item Pod::InteriorSequence::B<DESTROY()>
12530 =item B<Pod::ParseTree>
12536 =item Pod::ParseTree-E<gt>B<new()>
12542 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<top()>
12548 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<children()>
12554 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<prepend()>
12560 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<append()>
12566 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<raw_text()>
12572 =item Pod::ParseTree::B<DESTROY()>
12584 =head2 Pod::LaTeX - Convert Pod data to formatted Latex
12596 =item OBJECT METHODS
12604 =item Data Accessors
12620 B<ReplaceNAMEwithSection>
12622 B<StartWithNewPage>
12636 =item Subclassed methods
12650 B<interior_sequence>
12666 =item Methods for headings
12674 =item Internal methods
12680 B<_replace_special_chars>
12686 B<_clean_latex_commands>
12702 =head2 Pod::Man - Convert POD data to formatted *roff input
12710 center, date, fixed, fixedbold, fixeditalic, fixedbolditalic, quotes,
12715 roff font should be 1 or 2 chars, not "%s", Invalid link %s, Invalid quote
12716 specification "%s", %s:%d: Unknown command paragraph "%s", Unknown escape
12717 EE<lt>%sE<gt>, Unknown sequence %s, %s: Unknown command paragraph "%s" on
12718 line %d, Unmatched =back
12728 =head2 Pod::ParseUtils - helpers for POD parsing and conversion
12742 Pod::List-E<gt>new()
12750 $list-E<gt>indent()
12758 $list-E<gt>parent()
12764 =item Pod::Hyperlink
12766 Pod::Hyperlink-E<gt>new()
12770 $link-E<gt>parse($string)
12772 $link-E<gt>markup($string)
12776 $link-E<gt>warning()
12778 $link-E<gt>file(), $link-E<gt>line()
12784 $link-E<gt>alttext()
12794 Pod::Cache-E<gt>new()
12800 $cache-E<gt>find_page($name)
12804 =item Pod::Cache::Item
12806 Pod::Cache::Item-E<gt>new()
12810 $cacheitem-E<gt>page()
12812 $cacheitem-E<gt>description()
12814 $cacheitem-E<gt>path()
12816 $cacheitem-E<gt>file()
12818 $cacheitem-E<gt>nodes()
12820 $cacheitem-E<gt>find_node($name)
12822 $cacheitem-E<gt>idx()
12832 =head2 Pod::Parser - base class for creating POD filters and translators
12844 =item QUICK OVERVIEW
12846 =item PARSING OPTIONS
12848 B<-want_nonPODs> (default: unset), B<-process_cut_cmd> (default: unset),
12849 B<-warnings> (default: unset)
12855 =item RECOMMENDED SUBROUTINE/METHOD OVERRIDES
12863 C<$cmd>, C<$text>, C<$line_num>, C<$pod_para>
12869 =item B<verbatim()>
12871 C<$text>, C<$line_num>, C<$pod_para>
12877 =item B<textblock()>
12879 C<$text>, C<$line_num>, C<$pod_para>
12885 =item B<interior_sequence()>
12891 =item OPTIONAL SUBROUTINE/METHOD OVERRIDES
12903 =item B<initialize()>
12909 =item B<begin_pod()>
12915 =item B<begin_input()>
12921 =item B<end_input()>
12933 =item B<preprocess_line()>
12939 =item B<preprocess_paragraph()>
12945 =item METHODS FOR PARSING AND PROCESSING
12951 =item B<parse_text()>
12953 B<-expand_seq> =E<gt> I<code-ref>|I<method-name>, B<-expand_text> =E<gt>
12954 I<code-ref>|I<method-name>, B<-expand_ptree> =E<gt>
12955 I<code-ref>|I<method-name>
12961 =item B<interpolate()>
12967 =item B<parse_paragraph()>
12973 =item B<parse_from_filehandle()>
12979 =item B<parse_from_file()>
12985 =item ACCESSOR METHODS
12991 =item B<errorsub()>
13003 =item B<parseopts()>
13009 =item B<output_file()>
13015 =item B<output_handle()>
13021 =item B<input_file()>
13027 =item B<input_handle()>
13033 =item B<input_streams()>
13039 =item B<top_stream()>
13045 =item PRIVATE METHODS AND DATA
13051 =item B<_push_input_stream()>
13057 =item B<_pop_input_stream()>
13063 =item TREE-BASED PARSING
13071 =head2 Pod::Plainer - Perl extension for converting Pod to old style Pod.
13091 =head2 Pod::Select, podselect() - extract selected sections of POD from
13104 =item SECTION SPECIFICATIONS
13106 =item RANGE SPECIFICATIONS
13112 =item OBJECT METHODS
13118 =item B<curr_headings()>
13130 =item B<add_selection()>
13136 =item B<clear_selections()>
13142 =item B<match_section()>
13148 =item B<is_selected()>
13154 =item EXPORTED FUNCTIONS
13160 =item B<podselect()>
13162 B<-output>, B<-sections>, B<-ranges>
13168 =item PRIVATE METHODS AND DATA
13174 =item B<_compile_section_spec()>
13180 =item $self->{_SECTION_HEADINGS}
13186 =item $self->{_SELECTED_SECTIONS}
13198 =head2 Pod::Text - Convert POD data to formatted ASCII text
13206 alt, indent, loose, quotes, sentence, width
13210 Bizarre space in item, Can't open %s for reading: %s, Invalid quote
13211 specification "%s", %s:%d: Unknown command paragraph "%s", Unknown escape:
13212 %s, Unknown sequence: %s, Unmatched =back
13224 =head2 Pod::Text::Color - Convert POD data to formatted color ASCII text
13240 =head2 Pod::Text::Overstrike - Convert POD data to formatted overstrike
13257 =head2 Pod::Text::Termcap, Pod::Text::Color - Convert POD data to ASCII
13258 text with format escapes
13272 =head2 Pod::Usage, pod2usage() - print a usage message from embedded pod
13281 C<-message>, C<-msg>, C<-exitval>, C<-verbose>, C<-output>, C<-input>,
13290 =item Recommended Use
13298 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
13302 =head2 SDBM_File - Tied access to sdbm files
13310 C<O_RDONLY>, C<O_WRONLY>, C<O_RDWR>
13316 =item C<sdbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...>
13320 =item BUGS AND WARNINGS
13324 =head2 Safe - Compile and execute code in restricted compartments
13332 a new namespace, an operator mask
13338 =item RECENT CHANGES
13340 =item Methods in class Safe
13342 permit (OP, ...), permit_only (OP, ...), deny (OP, ...), deny_only (OP,
13343 ...), trap (OP, ...), untrap (OP, ...), share (NAME, ...), share_from
13344 (PACKAGE, ARRAYREF), varglob (VARNAME), reval (STRING), rdo (FILENAME),
13345 root (NAMESPACE), mask (MASK)
13347 =item Some Safety Issues
13349 Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes
13357 =head2 Scalar::Util - A selection of general-utility scalar subroutines
13365 blessed EXPR, dualvar NUM, STRING, isweak EXPR, readonly SCALAR, reftype
13366 EXPR, tainted EXPR, weaken REF
13374 =head2 Search::Dict, look - search for key in dictionary file
13384 =head2 SelectSaver - save and restore selected file handle
13394 =head2 SelfLoader - load functions only on demand
13404 =item The __DATA__ token
13406 =item SelfLoader autoloading
13408 =item Autoloading and package lexicals
13410 =item SelfLoader and AutoLoader
13412 =item __DATA__, __END__, and the FOOBAR::DATA filehandle.
13414 =item Classes and inherited methods.
13418 =item Multiple packages and fully qualified subroutine names
13422 =head2 Shell - run shell commands transparently within perl
13432 =item OBJECT ORIENTED SYNTAX
13440 =head2 Socket, sockaddr_in, sockaddr_un, inet_aton, inet_ntoa - load the C
13441 socket.h defines and structure manipulators
13449 inet_aton HOSTNAME, inet_ntoa IP_ADDRESS, INADDR_ANY, INADDR_BROADCAST,
13450 INADDR_LOOPBACK, INADDR_NONE, sockaddr_in PORT, ADDRESS, sockaddr_in
13451 SOCKADDR_IN, pack_sockaddr_in PORT, IP_ADDRESS, unpack_sockaddr_in
13452 SOCKADDR_IN, sockaddr_un PATHNAME, sockaddr_un SOCKADDR_UN,
13453 pack_sockaddr_un PATH, unpack_sockaddr_un SOCKADDR_UN
13457 =head2 Storable - persistency for perl data structures
13467 =item ADVISORY LOCKING
13471 =item CANONICAL REPRESENTATION
13473 =item ERROR REPORTING
13481 C<STORABLE_freeze> I<obj>, I<cloning>, C<STORABLE_thaw> I<obj>, I<cloning>,
13486 C<Storable::last_op_in_netorder>, C<Storable::is_storing>,
13487 C<Storable::is_retrieving>
13511 =head2 Switch - A switch statement for Perl
13525 =item Allowing fall-through
13527 =item Automating fall-through
13529 =item Higher-order Operations
13543 =head2 Symbol - manipulate Perl symbols and their names
13553 =head2 Sys::Hostname - Try every conceivable way to get hostname
13565 =head2 Syslog, Sys::Syslog, openlog, closelog, setlogmask, syslog - Perl
13566 interface to the UNIX syslog(3) calls
13574 openlog $ident, $logopt, $facility, syslog $priority, $format, @args,
13575 setlogmask $mask_priority, setlogsock $sock_type (added in 5.004_02),
13586 =head2 Syslog::Syslog, Sys::Syslog, openlog, closelog, setlogmask, syslog -
13587 Perl interface to the UNIX syslog(3) calls
13595 openlog $ident, $logopt, $facility, syslog $priority, $format, @args,
13596 setlogmask $mask_priority, setlogsock $sock_type (added in 5.004_02),
13607 =head2 Term::ANSIColor - Color screen output using ANSI escape sequences
13617 Invalid attribute name %s, Name "%s" used only once: possible typo, No
13618 comma allowed after filehandle, Bareword "%s" not allowed while "strict
13629 =head2 Term::Cap - Perl termcap interface
13641 =head2 Term::Complete - Perl word completion module
13649 E<lt>tabE<gt>, ^D, ^U, E<lt>delE<gt>, E<lt>bsE<gt>
13659 =head2 Term::ReadLine - Perl interface to various C<readline> packages. If
13660 no real package is found, substitutes stubs instead of basic functions.
13668 =item Minimal set of supported functions
13670 C<ReadLine>, C<new>, C<readline>, C<addhistory>, C<IN>, $C<OUT>,
13671 C<MinLine>, C<findConsole>, Attribs, C<Features>
13673 =item Additional supported functions
13675 C<tkRunning>, C<ornaments>, C<newTTY>
13685 =head2 Test - provides a simple framework for writing test scripts
13695 NORMAL TESTS, SKIPPED TESTS, TODO TESTS
13707 =head2 Test::Harness - run perl standard test scripts with statistics
13717 =item The test script output
13719 B<'1..M'>, B<'ok', 'not ok'. Ok?>, B<test numbers>,
13720 B<$Test::Harness::verbose>, B<$Test::Harness::switches>, B<Skipping tests>,
13721 B<Todo tests>, B<Bail out!>, B<Comments>
13729 C<All tests successful.\nFiles=%d, Tests=%d, %s>, C<FAILED tests
13730 %s\n\tFailed %d/%d tests, %.2f%% okay.>, C<Test returned status %d (wstat
13731 %d)>, C<Failed 1 test, %.2f%% okay. %s>, C<Failed %d/%d tests, %.2f%% okay.
13732 %s>, C<FAILED--Further testing stopped%s>
13736 C<HARNESS_IGNORE_EXITCODE>, C<HARNESS_NOTTY>, C<HARNESS_COMPILE_TEST>,
13737 C<HARNESS_FILELEAK_IN_DIR>, C<HARNESS_PERL_SWITCHES>, C<HARNESS_COLUMNS>,
13748 =head2 Text::Abbrev, abbrev - create an abbreviation table from a list
13760 =head2 Text::Balanced - Extract delimited text sequences from strings.
13770 =item General behaviour in list contexts
13774 =item General behaviour in scalar and void contexts
13776 =item A note about prefixes
13778 =item C<extract_delimited>
13780 =item C<extract_bracketed>
13782 =item C<extract_tagged>
13784 C<reject =E<gt> $listref>, C<ignore =E<gt> $listref>, C<fail =E<gt> $str>,
13785 [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5]
13787 =item C<gen_extract_tagged>
13789 =item C<extract_quotelike>
13791 [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [10]
13793 =item C<extract_quotelike> and "here documents"
13795 [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7..10]
13797 =item C<extract_codeblock>
13799 =item C<extract_multiple>
13801 =item C<gen_delimited_pat>
13807 C<Did not find a suitable bracket: "%s">, C<Did not find prefix: /%s/>,
13808 C<Did not find opening bracket after prefix: "%s">, C<No quotelike
13809 operator found after prefix: "%s">, C<Unmatched closing bracket: "%c">,
13810 C<Unmatched opening bracket(s): "%s">, C<Unmatched embedded quote (%s)>,
13811 C<Did not find closing delimiter to match '%s'>, C<Mismatched closing
13812 bracket: expected "%c" but found "%s">, C<No block delimiter found after
13813 quotelike "%s">, C<Did not find leading dereferencer>, C<Bad identifier
13814 after dereferencer>, C<Did not find expected opening bracket at %s>,
13815 C<Improperly nested codeblock at %s>, C<Missing second block for quotelike
13816 "%s">, C<No match found for opening bracket>, C<Did not find opening tag:
13817 /%s/>, C<Unable to construct closing tag to match: /%s/>, C<Found invalid
13818 nested tag: %s>, C<Found unbalanced nested tag: %s>, C<Did not find closing
13823 =item BUGS AND IRRITATIONS
13829 =head2 Text::ParseWords - parse text into an array of tokens or array of
13844 =head2 Text::Soundex - Implementation of the Soundex Algorithm as Described
13861 =head2 Text::Tabs -- expand and unexpand tabs per the unix expand(1) and
13876 =head2 Text::Wrap - line wrapping to form simple paragraphs
13890 =head2 Thread - manipulate threads in Perl (EXPERIMENTAL, subject to
13903 new \&start_sub, new \&start_sub, LIST, lock VARIABLE, async BLOCK;,
13904 Thread->self, Thread->list, cond_wait VARIABLE, cond_signal VARIABLE,
13905 cond_broadcast VARIABLE, yield
13909 join, eval, detach, equal, tid, flags, done
13917 =head2 Thread::Queue - thread-safe queues
13925 =item FUNCTIONS AND METHODS
13927 new, enqueue LIST, dequeue, dequeue_nb, pending
13933 =head2 Thread::Semaphore - thread-safe semaphores
13941 =item FUNCTIONS AND METHODS
13943 new, new NUMBER, down, down NUMBER, up, up NUMBER
13947 =head2 Thread::Signal - Start a thread which runs signal handlers reliably
13959 =head2 Thread::Specific - thread-specific keys
13969 =head2 Tie::Array - base class for tied arrays
13977 TIEARRAY classname, LIST, STORE this, index, value, FETCH this, index,
13978 FETCHSIZE this, STORESIZE this, count, EXTEND this, count, EXISTS this,
13979 key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, DESTROY this, PUSH this, LIST, POP this,
13980 SHIFT this, UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST
13988 =head2 Tie::Handle, Tie::StdHandle - base class definitions for tied
13997 TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, WRITE this, scalar, length, offset, PRINT this,
13998 LIST, PRINTF this, format, LIST, READ this, scalar, length, offset,
13999 READLINE this, GETC this, CLOSE this, OPEN this, filename, BINMODE this,
14000 EOF this, TELL this, SEEK this, offset, whence, DESTROY this
14002 =item MORE INFORMATION
14004 =item COMPATIBILITY
14008 =head2 Tie::Hash, Tie::StdHash - base class definitions for tied hashes
14016 TIEHASH classname, LIST, STORE this, key, value, FETCH this, key, FIRSTKEY
14017 this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, EXISTS this, key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this
14021 =item MORE INFORMATION
14025 =head2 Tie::RefHash - use references as hash keys
14043 =head2 Tie::Scalar, Tie::StdScalar - base class definitions for tied
14052 TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, DESTROY this
14054 =item MORE INFORMATION
14058 =head2 Tie::SubstrHash - Fixed-table-size, fixed-key-length hashing
14070 =head2 Time::HiRes - High resolution ualarm, usleep, and gettimeofday
14078 gettimeofday (), usleep ( $useconds ), ualarm ( $useconds [,
14079 $interval_useconds ] ), tv_interval, time (), sleep ( $floating_seconds ),
14080 alarm ( $floating_seconds [, $interval_floating_seconds ] ), setitimer,
14081 getitimer ( $which )
14097 =head2 Time::Local - efficiently compute time from local and GMT time
14105 =item IMPLEMENTATION
14111 =head2 Time::Piece - Object Oriented time objects
14123 =item Local Locales
14125 =item Date Calculations
14127 =item Date Comparisons
14129 =item YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ss
14133 =item Global Overriding
14151 =head2 Time::Piece::Seconds, Time::Seconds - a simple API to convert
14152 seconds to other date values
14170 =head2 Time::Seconds - a simple API to convert seconds to other date values
14188 =head2 Time::gmtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gmtime()
14203 =head2 Time::localtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in localtime()
14218 =head2 Time::tm - internal object used by Time::gmtime and Time::localtime
14230 =head2 UNIVERSAL - base class for ALL classes (blessed references)
14238 isa ( TYPE ), can ( METHOD ), VERSION ( [ REQUIRE ] ), UNIVERSAL::isa (
14239 VAL, TYPE ), UNIVERSAL::can ( VAL, METHOD )
14243 =head2 User::grent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getgr*()
14258 =head2 User::pwent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getpw*()
14269 =item System Specifics
14283 =head2 Win32 - Interfaces to some Win32 API Functions
14291 =item Alphabetical Listing of Win32 Functions
14293 Win32::AbortSystemShutdown(MACHINE), Win32::BuildNumber(),
14294 Win32::CopyFile(FROM, TO, OVERWRITE), Win32::DomainName(),
14295 Win32::ExpandEnvironmentStrings(STRING), Win32::FormatMessage(ERRORCODE),
14296 Win32::FsType(), Win32::FreeLibrary(HANDLE), Win32::GetArchName(),
14297 Win32::GetChipName(), Win32::GetCwd(), Win32::GetFullPathName(FILENAME),
14298 Win32::GetLastError(), Win32::GetLongPathName(PATHNAME),
14299 Win32::GetNextAvailDrive(), Win32::GetOSVersion(),
14300 Win32::GetShortPathName(PATHNAME), Win32::GetProcAddress(INSTANCE,
14301 PROCNAME), Win32::GetTickCount(), Win32::InitiateSystemShutdown,
14302 Win32::IsWinNT(), Win32::IsWin95(), Win32::LoadLibrary(LIBNAME),
14303 Win32::LoginName(), Win32::LookupAccountName(SYSTEM, ACCOUNT, DOMAIN, SID,
14304 SIDTYPE), Win32::LookupAccountSID(SYSTEM, SID, ACCOUNT, DOMAIN, SIDTYPE),
14305 Win32::MsgBox(MESSAGE [, FLAGS [, TITLE]]), Win32::NodeName(),
14306 Win32::RegisterServer(LIBRARYNAME), Win32::SetCwd(NEWDIRECTORY),
14307 Win32::SetLastError(ERROR), Win32::Sleep(TIME), Win32::Spawn(COMMAND, ARGS,
14308 PID), Win32::UnregisterServer(LIBRARYNAME)
14314 =head2 XS::Typemap - module to test the XS typemaps distributed with perl
14332 =head2 XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code
14344 =head1 AUXILIARY DOCUMENTATION
14346 Here should be listed all the extra programs' documentation, but they
14347 don't all have manual pages yet:
14373 Larry Wall <F<larry@wall.org>>, with the help of oodles