4 perltoc - perl documentation table of contents
8 This page provides a brief table of contents for the rest of the Perl
9 documentation set. It is meant to be scanned quickly or grepped
10 through to locate the proper section you're looking for.
12 =head1 BASIC DOCUMENTATION
14 =head2 perl - Practical Extraction and Report Language
26 =item Reference Manual
28 =item Internals and C Language Interface
32 =item Language-Specific
34 =item Platform-Specific
58 =head2 perlintro -- a brief introduction and overview of Perl
68 =item Running Perl programs
70 =item Basic syntax overview
72 =item Perl variable types
74 Scalars, Arrays, Hashes
76 =item Variable scoping
78 =item Conditional and looping constructs
80 if, while, for, foreach
82 =item Builtin operators and functions
84 Arithmetic, Numeric comparison, String comparison, Boolean logic,
89 =item Regular expressions
91 Simple matching, Simple substitution, More complex regular expressions,
92 Parentheses for capturing, Other regexp features
94 =item Writing subroutines
98 =item Using Perl modules
106 =head2 perlfaq - frequently asked questions about Perl ($Date: 2003/01/31
115 =item Where to get the perlfaq
117 =item How to contribute to the perlfaq
119 =item What will happen if you mail your Perl programming problems to the
126 =item Author and Copyright Information
130 =item Bundled Distributions
136 =item Table of Contents
138 perlfaq - this document, perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl, perlfaq2
139 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl, perlfaq3 - Programming Tools, perlfaq4
140 - Data Manipulation, perlfaq5 - Files and Formats, perlfaq6 - Regular
141 Expressions, perlfaq7 - General Perl Language Issues, perlfaq8 - System
142 Interaction, perlfaq9 - Networking
148 =item L<perlfaq1>: General Questions About Perl
150 =item L<perlfaq2>: Obtaining and Learning about Perl
152 =item L<perlfaq3>: Programming Tools
154 =item L<perlfaq4>: Data Manipulation
156 =item L<perlfaq5>: Files and Formats
158 =item L<perlfaq6>: Regular Expressions
160 =item L<perlfaq7>: General Perl Language Issues
162 =item L<perlfaq8>: System Interaction
164 =item L<perlfaq9>: Networking
170 =head2 perlbook - Perl book information
178 =head2 perlsyn - Perl syntax
190 =item Simple Statements
192 =item Compound Statements
200 =item Basic BLOCKs and Switch Statements
204 =item PODs: Embedded Documentation
206 =item Plain Old Comments (Not!)
212 =head2 perldata - Perl data types
226 =item Scalar value constructors
228 =item List value constructors
234 =item Typeglobs and Filehandles
242 =head2 perlop - Perl operators and precedence
252 =item Terms and List Operators (Leftward)
254 =item The Arrow Operator
256 =item Auto-increment and Auto-decrement
260 =item Symbolic Unary Operators
262 =item Binding Operators
264 =item Multiplicative Operators
266 =item Additive Operators
268 =item Shift Operators
270 =item Named Unary Operators
272 =item Relational Operators
274 =item Equality Operators
278 =item Bitwise Or and Exclusive Or
280 =item C-style Logical And
282 =item C-style Logical Or
284 =item C-style Logical Defined-Or
286 =item Range Operators
288 =item Conditional Operator
290 =item Assignment Operators
294 =item List Operators (Rightward)
300 =item Logical or, Defined or, and Exclusive Or
302 =item C Operators Missing From Perl
304 unary &, unary *, (TYPE)
306 =item Quote and Quote-like Operators
308 =item Regexp Quote-Like Operators
310 ?PATTERN?, m/PATTERN/cgimosx, /PATTERN/cgimosx, q/STRING/, C<'STRING'>,
311 qq/STRING/, "STRING", qr/STRING/imosx, qx/STRING/, `STRING`, qw/STRING/,
312 s/PATTERN/REPLACEMENT/egimosx, tr/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds,
313 y/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds, <<EOF
315 =item Gory details of parsing quoted constructs
317 Finding the end, Removal of backslashes before delimiters, Interpolation,
318 C<<<'EOF'>, C<m''>, C<s'''>, C<tr///>, C<y///>, C<''>, C<q//>, C<"">,
319 C<``>, C<qq//>, C<qx//>, C<< <file*glob> >>, C<?RE?>, C</RE/>, C<m/RE/>,
320 C<s/RE/foo/>,, Interpolation of regular expressions, Optimization of
325 =item Constant Folding
327 =item Bitwise String Operators
329 =item Integer Arithmetic
331 =item Floating-point Arithmetic
339 =head2 perlsub - Perl subroutines
349 =item Private Variables via my()
351 =item Persistent Private Variables
353 =item Temporary Values via local()
355 =item Lvalue subroutines
357 Lvalue subroutines are EXPERIMENTAL
359 =item Passing Symbol Table Entries (typeglobs)
361 =item When to Still Use local()
363 =item Pass by Reference
367 =item Constant Functions
369 =item Overriding Built-in Functions
373 =item Subroutine Attributes
381 =head2 perlfunc - Perl builtin functions
389 =item Perl Functions by Category
391 Functions for SCALARs or strings, Regular expressions and pattern matching,
392 Numeric functions, Functions for real @ARRAYs, Functions for list data,
393 Functions for real %HASHes, Input and output functions, Functions for fixed
394 length data or records, Functions for filehandles, files, or directories,
395 Keywords related to the control flow of your perl program, Keywords related
396 to scoping, Miscellaneous functions, Functions for processes and process
397 groups, Keywords related to perl modules, Keywords related to classes and
398 object-orientedness, Low-level socket functions, System V interprocess
399 communication functions, Fetching user and group info, Fetching network
400 info, Time-related functions, Functions new in perl5, Functions obsoleted
405 =item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions
407 -I<X> FILEHANDLE, -I<X> EXPR, -I<X>, abs VALUE, abs, accept
408 NEWSOCKET,GENERICSOCKET, alarm SECONDS, alarm, atan2 Y,X, bind SOCKET,NAME,
409 binmode FILEHANDLE, LAYER, binmode FILEHANDLE, bless REF,CLASSNAME, bless
410 REF, caller EXPR, caller, chdir EXPR, chmod LIST, chomp VARIABLE, chomp(
411 LIST ), chomp, chop VARIABLE, chop( LIST ), chop, chown LIST, chr NUMBER,
412 chr, chroot FILENAME, chroot, close FILEHANDLE, close, closedir DIRHANDLE,
413 connect SOCKET,NAME, continue BLOCK, cos EXPR, cos, crypt PLAINTEXT,SALT,
414 dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MASK, defined EXPR, defined, delete
415 EXPR, die LIST, do BLOCK, do SUBROUTINE(LIST), do EXPR, dump LABEL, dump,
416 each HASH, eof FILEHANDLE, eof (), eof, eval EXPR, eval BLOCK, exec LIST,
417 exec PROGRAM LIST, exists EXPR, exit EXPR, exp EXPR, exp, fcntl
418 FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, fileno FILEHANDLE, flock FILEHANDLE,OPERATION,
419 fork, format, formline PICTURE,LIST, getc FILEHANDLE, getc, getlogin,
420 getpeername SOCKET, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority WHICH,WHO, getpwnam
421 NAME, getgrnam NAME, gethostbyname NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getprotobyname
422 NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getservbyname NAME,PROTO, gethostbyaddr
423 ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER,
424 getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent, gethostent, getnetent,
425 getprotoent, getservent, setpwent, setgrent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent
426 STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent,
427 endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent, endservent, getsockname SOCKET,
428 getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, glob, gmtime EXPR, goto LABEL,
429 goto EXPR, goto &NAME, grep BLOCK LIST, grep EXPR,LIST, hex EXPR, hex,
430 import, index STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, index STR,SUBSTR, int EXPR, int, ioctl
431 FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, join EXPR,LIST, keys HASH, kill SIGNAL, LIST,
432 last LABEL, last, lc EXPR, lc, lcfirst EXPR, lcfirst, length EXPR, length,
433 link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, listen SOCKET,QUEUESIZE, local EXPR, localtime EXPR,
434 lock THING, log EXPR, log, lstat EXPR, lstat, m//, map BLOCK LIST, map
435 EXPR,LIST, mkdir FILENAME,MASK, mkdir FILENAME, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget
436 KEY,FLAGS, msgrcv ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS, my EXPR, my
437 TYPE EXPR, my EXPR : ATTRS, my TYPE EXPR : ATTRS, next LABEL, next, no
438 Module VERSION LIST, no Module VERSION, no Module LIST, no Module, oct
439 EXPR, oct, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR, open
440 FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR,LIST, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,REFERENCE, open FILEHANDLE,
441 opendir DIRHANDLE,EXPR, ord EXPR, ord, our EXPR, our EXPR TYPE, our EXPR :
442 ATTRS, our TYPE EXPR : ATTRS, pack TEMPLATE,LIST, package NAMESPACE,
443 package, pipe READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, pop ARRAY, pop, pos SCALAR, pos,
444 print FILEHANDLE LIST, print LIST, print, printf FILEHANDLE FORMAT, LIST,
445 printf FORMAT, LIST, prototype FUNCTION, push ARRAY,LIST, q/STRING/,
446 qq/STRING/, qr/STRING/, qx/STRING/, qw/STRING/, quotemeta EXPR, quotemeta,
447 rand EXPR, rand, read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, read
448 FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, readdir DIRHANDLE, readline EXPR, readlink EXPR,
449 readlink, readpipe EXPR, recv SOCKET,SCALAR,LENGTH,FLAGS, redo LABEL, redo,
450 ref EXPR, ref, rename OLDNAME,NEWNAME, require VERSION, require EXPR,
451 require, reset EXPR, reset, return EXPR, return, reverse LIST, rewinddir
452 DIRHANDLE, rindex STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, rindex STR,SUBSTR, rmdir FILENAME,
453 rmdir, s///, scalar EXPR, seek FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, seekdir
454 DIRHANDLE,POS, select FILEHANDLE, select, select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT,
455 semctl ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, send
456 SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS,TO, send SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS, setpgrp PID,PGRP, setpriority
457 WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shift ARRAY,
458 shift, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS, shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE,
459 shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, shutdown SOCKET,HOW, sin EXPR, sin, sleep
460 EXPR, sleep, socket SOCKET,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, socketpair
461 SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, sort SUBNAME LIST, sort BLOCK LIST,
462 sort LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,
463 splice ARRAY,OFFSET, splice ARRAY, split /PATTERN/,EXPR,LIMIT, split
464 /PATTERN/,EXPR, split /PATTERN/, split, sprintf FORMAT, LIST, format
465 parameter index, flags, vector flag, (minimum) width, precision, or maximum
466 width, size, order of arguments, sqrt EXPR, sqrt, srand EXPR, srand, stat
467 FILEHANDLE, stat EXPR, stat, study SCALAR, study, sub NAME BLOCK, sub NAME
468 (PROTO) BLOCK, sub NAME : ATTRS BLOCK, sub NAME (PROTO) : ATTRS BLOCK,
469 substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH,REPLACEMENT, substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH, substr
470 EXPR,OFFSET, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen
471 FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE, sysopen FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, sysread
472 FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, sysread FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, sysseek
473 FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, system LIST, system PROGRAM LIST, syswrite
474 FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,
475 syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR, tell FILEHANDLE, tell, telldir DIRHANDLE, tie
476 VARIABLE,CLASSNAME,LIST, tied VARIABLE, time, times, tr///, truncate
477 FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, uc EXPR, uc, ucfirst EXPR,
478 ucfirst, umask EXPR, umask, undef EXPR, undef, unlink LIST, unlink, unpack
479 TEMPLATE,EXPR, unpack TEMPLATE, untie VARIABLE, unshift ARRAY,LIST, use
480 Module VERSION LIST, use Module VERSION, use Module LIST, use Module, use
481 VERSION, utime LIST, values HASH, vec EXPR,OFFSET,BITS, wait, waitpid
482 PID,FLAGS, wantarray, warn LIST, write FILEHANDLE, write EXPR, write, y///
488 =head2 perlreftut - Mark's very short tutorial about references
494 =item Who Needs Complicated Data Structures?
502 =item Making References
504 =item Using References
522 =item Distribution Conditions
528 =head2 perldsc - Perl Data Structures Cookbook
534 arrays of arrays, hashes of arrays, arrays of hashes, hashes of hashes,
535 more elaborate constructs
539 =item COMMON MISTAKES
541 =item CAVEAT ON PRECEDENCE
543 =item WHY YOU SHOULD ALWAYS C<use strict>
549 =item ARRAYS OF ARRAYS
553 =item Declaration of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
555 =item Generation of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
557 =item Access and Printing of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
561 =item HASHES OF ARRAYS
565 =item Declaration of a HASH OF ARRAYS
567 =item Generation of a HASH OF ARRAYS
569 =item Access and Printing of a HASH OF ARRAYS
573 =item ARRAYS OF HASHES
577 =item Declaration of an ARRAY OF HASHES
579 =item Generation of an ARRAY OF HASHES
581 =item Access and Printing of an ARRAY OF HASHES
585 =item HASHES OF HASHES
589 =item Declaration of a HASH OF HASHES
591 =item Generation of a HASH OF HASHES
593 =item Access and Printing of a HASH OF HASHES
597 =item MORE ELABORATE RECORDS
601 =item Declaration of MORE ELABORATE RECORDS
603 =item Declaration of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS
605 =item Generation of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS
617 =head2 perlrequick - Perl regular expressions quick start
627 =item Simple word matching
629 =item Using character classes
631 =item Matching this or that
633 =item Grouping things and hierarchical matching
635 =item Extracting matches
637 =item Matching repetitions
641 =item Search and replace
643 =item The split operator
651 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
655 =item Acknowledgments
661 =head2 perlpod - the Plain Old Documentation format
669 =item Ordinary Paragraph
671 =item Verbatim Paragraph
673 =item Command Paragraph
675 C<=head1 I<Heading Text>>, C<=head2 I<Heading Text>>, C<=head3 I<Heading
676 Text>>, C<=head4 I<Heading Text>>, C<=over I<indentlevel>>, C<=item
677 I<stuff...>>, C<=back>, C<=cut>, C<=pod>, C<=begin I<formatname>>, C<=end
678 I<formatname>>, C<=for I<formatname> I<text...>>
680 =item Formatting Codes
682 C<IE<lt>textE<gt>> -- italic text, C<BE<lt>textE<gt>> -- bold text,
683 C<CE<lt>codeE<gt>> -- code text, C<LE<lt>nameE<gt>> -- a hyperlink,
684 C<EE<lt>escapeE<gt>> -- a character escape, C<FE<lt>filenameE<gt>> -- used
685 for filenames, C<SE<lt>textE<gt>> -- text contains non-breaking spaces,
686 C<XE<lt>topic nameE<gt>> -- an index entry, C<ZE<lt>E<gt>> -- a null
687 (zero-effect) formatting code
691 =item Embedding Pods in Perl Modules
693 =item Hints for Writing Pod
703 =head2 perlpodspec - Plain Old Documentation: format specification and
710 =item Pod Definitions
714 "=head1", "=head2", "=head3", "=head4", "=pod", "=cut", "=over", "=item",
715 "=back", "=begin formatname", "=end formatname", "=for formatname text..."
717 =item Pod Formatting Codes
719 C<IE<lt>textE<gt>> -- italic text, C<BE<lt>textE<gt>> -- bold text,
720 C<CE<lt>codeE<gt>> -- code text, C<FE<lt>filenameE<gt>> -- style for
721 filenames, C<XE<lt>topic nameE<gt>> -- an index entry, C<ZE<lt>E<gt>> -- a
722 null (zero-effect) formatting code, C<LE<lt>nameE<gt>> -- a hyperlink,
723 C<EE<lt>escapeE<gt>> -- a character escape, C<SE<lt>textE<gt>> -- text
724 contains non-breaking spaces
726 =item Notes on Implementing Pod Processors
728 =item About LE<lt>...E<gt> Codes
730 First:, Second:, Third:, Fourth:, Fifth:, Sixth:
732 =item About =over...=back Regions
734 =item About Data Paragraphs and "=begin/=end" Regions
742 =head2 perlstyle - Perl style guide
750 =head2 perltrap - Perl traps for the unwary
768 =item Perl4 to Perl5 Traps
770 Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps, Parsing Traps, Numerical
771 Traps, General data type traps, Context Traps - scalar, list contexts,
772 Precedence Traps, General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc,
773 Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps, OS Traps, DBM Traps, Unclassified Traps
775 =item Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps
777 Discontinuance, Deprecation, BugFix, Discontinuance, Discontinuance,
778 Discontinuance, BugFix, Discontinuance, Discontinuance, BugFix,
779 Discontinuance, Deprecation, Discontinuance, Discontinuance
783 Parsing, Parsing, Parsing, Parsing, Parsing
785 =item Numerical Traps
787 Numerical, Numerical, Numerical, Bitwise string ops
789 =item General data type traps
791 (Arrays), (Arrays), (Hashes), (Globs), (Globs), (Scalar String),
792 (Constants), (Scalars), (Variable Suicide)
794 =item Context Traps - scalar, list contexts
796 (list context), (scalar context), (scalar context), (list, builtin)
798 =item Precedence Traps
800 Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence,
803 =item General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc.
805 Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular
806 Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression,
807 Regular Expression, Regular Expression
809 =item Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps
811 (Signals), (Sort Subroutine), warn() won't let you specify a filehandle
817 =item Interpolation Traps
819 Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation,
820 Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation
826 =item Unclassified Traps
828 C<require>/C<do> trap using returned value, C<split> on empty string with
835 =head2 perlrun - how to execute the Perl interpreter
845 =item #! and quoting on non-Unix systems
847 OS/2, MS-DOS, Win95/NT, Macintosh, VMS
849 =item Location of Perl
851 =item Command Switches
853 B<-0>[I<octal/hexadecimal>], B<-A [I<assertions>]>, B<-a>, B<-C
854 [I<number/list>]>, B<-c>, B<-d>, B<-d:>I<foo[=bar,baz]>, B<-D>I<letters>,
855 B<-D>I<number>, B<-e> I<commandline>, B<-F>I<pattern>, B<-h>,
856 B<-i>[I<extension>], B<-I>I<directory>, B<-l>[I<octnum>],
857 B<-m>[B<->]I<module>, B<-M>[B<->]I<module>, B<-M>[B<->]I<'module ...'>,
858 B<-[mM]>[B<->]I<module=arg[,arg]...>, B<-n>, B<-p>, B<-P>, B<-s>, B<-S>,
859 B<-t>, B<-T>, B<-u>, B<-U>, B<-v>, B<-V>, B<-V:>I<name>, B<-w>, B<-W>,
860 B<-X>, B<-x> I<directory>
866 HOME, LOGDIR, PATH, PERL5LIB, PERL5OPT, PERLIO, :bytes, :crlf, :mmap,
867 :perlio, :pop, :raw, :stdio, :unix, :utf8, :win32, PERLIO_DEBUG, PERLLIB,
868 PERL5DB, PERL5SHELL (specific to the Win32 port), PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS,
869 PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL, PERL_ENCODING, PERL_HASH_SEED, PERL_HASH_SEED_DEBUG,
870 PERL_ROOT (specific to the VMS port), PERL_SIGNALS, PERL_UNICODE, SYS$LOGIN
871 (specific to the VMS port)
875 =head2 perldiag - various Perl diagnostics
883 =head2 perllexwarn - Perl Lexical Warnings
891 =item Default Warnings and Optional Warnings
893 =item What's wrong with B<-w> and C<$^W>
895 =item Controlling Warnings from the Command Line
899 =item Backward Compatibility
901 =item Category Hierarchy
905 =item Reporting Warnings from a Module
917 =head2 perldebtut - Perl debugging tutorial
925 =item Looking at data and -w and v
929 =item Stepping through code
931 =item Placeholder for a, w, t, T
933 =item REGULAR EXPRESSIONS
951 =head2 perldebug - Perl debugging
957 =item The Perl Debugger
961 =item Debugger Commands
963 h, h [command], h h, p expr, x [maxdepth] expr, V [pkg [vars]], X [vars], y
964 [level [vars]], T, s [expr], n [expr], r, <CR>, c [line|sub], l, l
965 min+incr, l min-max, l line, l subname, -, v [line], f filename, /pattern/,
966 ?pattern?, L [abw], S [[!]regex], t, t expr, b, b [line] [condition], b
967 subname [condition], b postpone subname [condition], b load filename, b
968 compile subname, B line, B *, a [line] command, A line, A *, w expr, W
969 expr, W *, o, o booloption .., o anyoption? .., o option=value .., < ?, < [
970 command ], < *, << command, > ?, > command, > *, >> command, { ?, { [
971 command ], { *, {{ command, ! number, ! -number, ! pattern, !! cmd, source
972 file, H -number, q or ^D, R, |dbcmd, ||dbcmd, command, m expr, M, man
975 =item Configurable Options
977 C<recallCommand>, C<ShellBang>, C<pager>, C<tkRunning>, C<signalLevel>,
978 C<warnLevel>, C<dieLevel>, C<AutoTrace>, C<LineInfo>, C<inhibit_exit>,
979 C<PrintRet>, C<ornaments>, C<frame>, C<maxTraceLen>, C<windowSize>,
980 C<arrayDepth>, C<hashDepth>, C<dumpDepth>, C<compactDump>, C<veryCompact>,
981 C<globPrint>, C<DumpDBFiles>, C<DumpPackages>, C<DumpReused>, C<quote>,
982 C<HighBit>, C<undefPrint>, C<UsageOnly>, C<TTY>, C<noTTY>, C<ReadLine>,
985 =item Debugger input/output
987 Prompt, Multiline commands, Stack backtrace, Line Listing Format, Frame
990 =item Debugging compile-time statements
992 =item Debugger Customization
994 =item Readline Support
996 =item Editor Support for Debugging
998 =item The Perl Profiler
1002 =item Debugging regular expressions
1004 =item Debugging memory usage
1012 =head2 perlvar - Perl predefined variables
1020 =item Predefined Names
1022 $ARG, $_, $a, $b, $<I<digits>>, $MATCH, $&, $PREMATCH, $`, $POSTMATCH, $',
1023 $LAST_PAREN_MATCH, $+, $^N, @LAST_MATCH_END, @+,
1024 HANDLE->input_line_number(EXPR), $INPUT_LINE_NUMBER, $NR, $,
1025 IO::Handle->input_record_separator(EXPR), $INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $RS, $/,
1026 HANDLE->autoflush(EXPR), $OUTPUT_AUTOFLUSH, $|,
1027 IO::Handle->output_field_separator EXPR, $OUTPUT_FIELD_SEPARATOR, $OFS, $,,
1028 IO::Handle->output_record_separator EXPR, $OUTPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $ORS,
1029 $\, $LIST_SEPARATOR, $", $SUBSCRIPT_SEPARATOR, $SUBSEP, $;, $OFMT, $#,
1030 HANDLE->format_page_number(EXPR), $FORMAT_PAGE_NUMBER, $%,
1031 HANDLE->format_lines_per_page(EXPR), $FORMAT_LINES_PER_PAGE, $=,
1032 HANDLE->format_lines_left(EXPR), $FORMAT_LINES_LEFT, $-, @LAST_MATCH_START,
1033 @-, C<$`> is the same as C<substr($var, 0, $-[0])>, C<$&> is the same as
1034 C<substr($var, $-[0], $+[0] - $-[0])>, C<$'> is the same as C<substr($var,
1035 $+[0])>, C<$1> is the same as C<substr($var, $-[1], $+[1] - $-[1])>, C<$2>
1036 is the same as C<substr($var, $-[2], $+[2] - $-[2])>, C<$3> is the same as
1037 C<substr $var, $-[3], $+[3] - $-[3])>, HANDLE->format_name(EXPR),
1038 $FORMAT_NAME, $~, HANDLE->format_top_name(EXPR), $FORMAT_TOP_NAME, $^,
1039 IO::Handle->format_line_break_characters EXPR,
1040 $FORMAT_LINE_BREAK_CHARACTERS, $:, IO::Handle->format_formfeed EXPR,
1041 $FORMAT_FORMFEED, $^L, $ACCUMULATOR, $^A, $CHILD_ERROR, $?, ${^ENCODING},
1042 $OS_ERROR, $ERRNO, $!, %!, $EXTENDED_OS_ERROR, $^E, $EVAL_ERROR, $@,
1043 $PROCESS_ID, $PID, $$, $REAL_USER_ID, $UID, $<, $EFFECTIVE_USER_ID, $EUID,
1044 $>, $REAL_GROUP_ID, $GID, $(, $EFFECTIVE_GROUP_ID, $EGID, $),
1045 $PROGRAM_NAME, $0, $[, $], $COMPILING, $^C, $DEBUGGING, $^D,
1046 $SYSTEM_FD_MAX, $^F, $^H, %^H, $INPLACE_EDIT, $^I, $^M, $OSNAME, $^O,
1047 ${^OPEN}, $PERLDB, $^P, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80,
1048 0x100, 0x200, 0x400, $LAST_REGEXP_CODE_RESULT, $^R,
1049 $EXCEPTIONS_BEING_CAUGHT, $^S, $BASETIME, $^T, ${^TAINT}, ${^UNICODE},
1050 $PERL_VERSION, $^V, $WARNING, $^W, ${^WARNING_BITS}, $EXECUTABLE_NAME, $^X,
1051 ARGV, $ARGV, @ARGV, ARGVOUT, @F, @INC, @_, %INC, %ENV, $ENV{expr}, %SIG,
1054 =item Error Indicators
1056 =item Technical Note on the Syntax of Variable Names
1064 =head2 perllol - Manipulating Arrays of Arrays in Perl
1072 =item Declaration and Access of Arrays of Arrays
1074 =item Growing Your Own
1076 =item Access and Printing
1088 =head2 perlopentut - tutorial on opening things in Perl
1094 =item Open E<agrave> la shell
1100 =item Indirect Filehandles
1104 =item The Minus File
1106 =item Mixing Reads and Writes
1112 =item Open E<agrave> la C
1116 =item Permissions E<agrave> la mode
1120 =item Obscure Open Tricks
1124 =item Re-Opening Files (dups)
1126 =item Dispelling the Dweomer
1128 =item Paths as Opens
1130 =item Single Argument Open
1132 =item Playing with STDIN and STDOUT
1136 =item Other I/O Issues
1140 =item Opening Non-File Files
1142 =item Opening Named Pipes
1144 =item Opening Sockets
1156 =item AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT
1162 =head2 perlpacktut - tutorial on C<pack> and C<unpack>
1168 =item The Basic Principle
1172 =item Packing Numbers
1178 =item Unpacking a Stack Frame
1180 =item How to Eat an Egg on a Net
1182 =item Floating point Numbers
1186 =item Exotic Templates
1198 =item Another Portable Binary Encoding
1202 =item Template Grouping
1204 =item Lengths and Widths
1208 =item String Lengths
1210 =item Dynamic Templates
1212 =item Counting Repetitions
1216 =item Packing and Unpacking C Structures
1220 =item The Alignment Pit
1222 =item Alignment, Take 2
1224 =item Alignment, Take 3
1226 =item Pointers for How to Use Them
1232 =item Funnies Section
1238 =head2 perlretut - Perl regular expressions tutorial
1244 =item Part 1: The basics
1248 =item Simple word matching
1250 =item Using character classes
1252 =item Matching this or that
1254 =item Grouping things and hierarchical matching
1256 =item Extracting matches
1258 =item Matching repetitions
1260 =item Building a regexp
1262 =item Using regular expressions in Perl
1266 =item Part 2: Power tools
1270 =item More on characters, strings, and character classes
1272 =item Compiling and saving regular expressions
1274 =item Embedding comments and modifiers in a regular expression
1276 =item Non-capturing groupings
1278 =item Looking ahead and looking behind
1280 =item Using independent subexpressions to prevent backtracking
1282 =item Conditional expressions
1284 =item A bit of magic: executing Perl code in a regular expression
1286 =item Pragmas and debugging
1294 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1298 =item Acknowledgments
1304 =head2 perlre - Perl regular expressions
1314 =item Regular Expressions
1316 [1], [2], [3], cntrl, graph, print, punct, xdigit
1318 =item Extended Patterns
1320 C<(?#text)>, C<(?imsx-imsx)>, C<(?:pattern)>, C<(?imsx-imsx:pattern)>,
1321 C<(?=pattern)>, C<(?!pattern)>, C<(?<=pattern)>, C<(?<!pattern)>, C<(?{
1322 code })>, C<(??{ code })>, C<< (?>pattern) >>,
1323 C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)>, C<(?(condition)yes-pattern)>
1327 =item Version 8 Regular Expressions
1329 =item Warning on \1 vs $1
1331 =item Repeated patterns matching zero-length substring
1333 =item Combining pieces together
1335 C<ST>, C<S|T>, C<S{REPEAT_COUNT}>, C<S{min,max}>, C<S{min,max}?>, C<S?>,
1336 C<S*>, C<S+>, C<S??>, C<S*?>, C<S+?>, C<< (?>S) >>, C<(?=S)>, C<(?<=S)>,
1337 C<(?!S)>, C<(?<!S)>, C<(??{ EXPR })>,
1338 C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)>
1340 =item Creating custom RE engines
1350 =head2 perlref - Perl references and nested data structures
1360 =item Making References
1362 =item Using References
1364 =item Symbolic references
1366 =item Not-so-symbolic references
1368 =item Pseudo-hashes: Using an array as a hash
1370 =item Function Templates
1380 =head2 perlform - Perl formats
1388 =item Format Variables
1398 =item Accessing Formatting Internals
1406 =head2 perlboot - Beginner's Object-Oriented Tutorial
1414 =item If we could talk to the animals...
1416 =item Introducing the method invocation arrow
1418 =item Invoking a barnyard
1420 =item The extra parameter of method invocation
1422 =item Calling a second method to simplify things
1424 =item Inheriting the windpipes
1426 =item A few notes about @ISA
1428 =item Overriding the methods
1430 =item Starting the search from a different place
1432 =item The SUPER way of doing things
1434 =item Where we're at so far...
1436 =item A horse is a horse, of course of course -- or is it?
1438 =item Invoking an instance method
1440 =item Accessing the instance data
1442 =item How to build a horse
1444 =item Inheriting the constructor
1446 =item Making a method work with either classes or instances
1448 =item Adding parameters to a method
1450 =item More interesting instances
1452 =item A horse of a different color
1464 =head2 perltoot - Tom's object-oriented tutorial for perl
1470 =item Creating a Class
1474 =item Object Representation
1476 =item Class Interface
1478 =item Constructors and Instance Methods
1480 =item Planning for the Future: Better Constructors
1484 =item Other Object Methods
1492 =item Accessing Class Data
1494 =item Debugging Methods
1496 =item Class Destructors
1498 =item Documenting the Interface
1508 =item Overridden Methods
1510 =item Multiple Inheritance
1512 =item UNIVERSAL: The Root of All Objects
1516 =item Alternate Object Representations
1520 =item Arrays as Objects
1522 =item Closures as Objects
1526 =item AUTOLOAD: Proxy Methods
1530 =item Autoloaded Data Methods
1532 =item Inherited Autoloaded Data Methods
1536 =item Metaclassical Tools
1542 =item Data Members as Variables
1550 =item Object Terminology
1556 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1562 =item Acknowledgments
1568 =head2 perltooc - Tom's OO Tutorial for Class Data in Perl
1574 =item Class Data in a Can
1576 =item Class Data as Package Variables
1580 =item Putting All Your Eggs in One Basket
1582 =item Inheritance Concerns
1584 =item The Eponymous Meta-Object
1586 =item Indirect References to Class Data
1588 =item Monadic Classes
1590 =item Translucent Attributes
1594 =item Class Data as Lexical Variables
1598 =item Privacy and Responsibility
1600 =item File-Scoped Lexicals
1602 =item More Inheritance Concerns
1604 =item Locking the Door and Throwing Away the Key
1606 =item Translucency Revisited
1614 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1616 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
1622 =head2 perlobj - Perl objects
1630 =item An Object is Simply a Reference
1632 =item A Class is Simply a Package
1634 =item A Method is Simply a Subroutine
1636 =item Method Invocation
1638 =item Indirect Object Syntax
1640 =item Default UNIVERSAL methods
1642 isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] )
1648 =item Two-Phased Garbage Collection
1656 =head2 perlbot - Bag'o Object Tricks (the BOT)
1662 =item OO SCALING TIPS
1664 =item INSTANCE VARIABLES
1666 =item SCALAR INSTANCE VARIABLES
1668 =item INSTANCE VARIABLE INHERITANCE
1670 =item OBJECT RELATIONSHIPS
1672 =item OVERRIDING SUPERCLASS METHODS
1674 =item USING RELATIONSHIP WITH SDBM
1676 =item THINKING OF CODE REUSE
1678 =item CLASS CONTEXT AND THE OBJECT
1680 =item INHERITING A CONSTRUCTOR
1688 =head2 perltie - how to hide an object class in a simple variable
1700 TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, UNTIE this,
1705 TIEARRAY classname, LIST, FETCH this, index, STORE this, index, value,
1706 FETCHSIZE this, STORESIZE this, count, EXTEND this, count, EXISTS this,
1707 key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, PUSH this, LIST, POP this, SHIFT this,
1708 UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST, UNTIE this, DESTROY
1713 USER, HOME, CLOBBER, LIST, TIEHASH classname, LIST, FETCH this, key, STORE
1714 this, key, value, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, EXISTS this, key, FIRSTKEY
1715 this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, UNTIE this, DESTROY this
1717 =item Tying FileHandles
1719 TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, WRITE this, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this,
1720 LIST, READ this, LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, CLOSE this, UNTIE this,
1725 =item The C<untie> Gotcha
1737 =head2 perlipc - Perl interprocess communication (signals, fifos, pipes,
1738 safe subprocesses, sockets, and semaphores)
1748 =item Handling the SIGHUP Signal in Daemons
1756 =item Deferred Signals (Safe signals)
1758 Long running opcodes, Interrupting IO, Restartable system calls, Signals as
1759 "faults", Signals triggered by operating system state
1763 =item Using open() for IPC
1769 =item Background Processes
1771 =item Complete Dissociation of Child from Parent
1773 =item Safe Pipe Opens
1775 =item Bidirectional Communication with Another Process
1777 =item Bidirectional Communication with Yourself
1781 =item Sockets: Client/Server Communication
1785 =item Internet Line Terminators
1787 =item Internet TCP Clients and Servers
1789 =item Unix-Domain TCP Clients and Servers
1793 =item TCP Clients with IO::Socket
1797 =item A Simple Client
1799 C<Proto>, C<PeerAddr>, C<PeerPort>
1801 =item A Webget Client
1803 =item Interactive Client with IO::Socket
1807 =item TCP Servers with IO::Socket
1809 Proto, LocalPort, Listen, Reuse
1811 =item UDP: Message Passing
1825 =head2 perlfork - Perl's fork() emulation
1835 =item Behavior of other Perl features in forked pseudo-processes
1837 $$ or $PROCESS_ID, %ENV, chdir() and all other builtins that accept
1838 filenames, wait() and waitpid(), kill(), exec(), exit(), Open handles to
1839 files, directories and network sockets
1841 =item Resource limits
1843 =item Killing the parent process
1845 =item Lifetime of the parent process and pseudo-processes
1847 =item CAVEATS AND LIMITATIONS
1849 BEGIN blocks, Open filehandles, Forking pipe open() not yet implemented,
1850 Global state maintained by XSUBs, Interpreter embedded in larger
1851 application, Thread-safety of extensions
1863 =head2 perlnumber - semantics of numbers and numeric operations in Perl
1871 =item Storing numbers
1873 =item Numeric operators and numeric conversions
1875 =item Flavors of Perl numeric operations
1877 Arithmetic operators, ++, Arithmetic operators during C<use integer>, Other
1878 mathematical operators, Bitwise operators, Bitwise operators during C<use
1879 integer>, Operators which expect an integer, Operators which expect a
1888 =head2 perlthrtut - tutorial on threads in Perl
1896 =item What Is A Thread Anyway?
1898 =item Threaded Program Models
1910 =item Native threads
1912 =item What kind of threads are Perl threads?
1914 =item Thread-Safe Modules
1920 =item Basic Thread Support
1922 =item A Note about the Examples
1924 =item Creating Threads
1926 =item Giving up control
1928 =item Waiting For A Thread To Exit
1930 =item Ignoring A Thread
1934 =item Threads And Data
1938 =item Shared And Unshared Data
1940 =item Thread Pitfalls: Races
1944 =item Synchronization and control
1948 =item Controlling access: lock()
1950 =item A Thread Pitfall: Deadlocks
1952 =item Queues: Passing Data Around
1954 =item Semaphores: Synchronizing Data Access
1956 =item Basic semaphores
1958 =item Advanced Semaphores
1960 =item cond_wait() and cond_signal()
1964 =item General Thread Utility Routines
1968 =item What Thread Am I In?
1972 =item Are These Threads The Same?
1974 =item What Threads Are Running?
1978 =item A Complete Example
1980 =item Performance considerations
1982 =item Process-scope Changes
1984 =item Thread-Safety of System Libraries
1992 =item Introductory Texts
1994 =item OS-Related References
1996 =item Other References
2000 =item Acknowledgements
2008 =head2 perlothrtut - old tutorial on threads in Perl
2014 =item What Is A Thread Anyway?
2016 =item Threaded Program Models
2028 =item Native threads
2030 =item What kind of threads are perl threads?
2032 =item Threadsafe Modules
2038 =item Basic Thread Support
2040 =item Creating Threads
2042 =item Giving up control
2044 =item Waiting For A Thread To Exit
2046 =item Errors In Threads
2048 =item Ignoring A Thread
2052 =item Threads And Data
2056 =item Shared And Unshared Data
2058 =item Thread Pitfall: Races
2060 =item Controlling access: lock()
2062 =item Thread Pitfall: Deadlocks
2064 =item Queues: Passing Data Around
2068 =item Threads And Code
2072 =item Semaphores: Synchronizing Data Access
2074 Basic semaphores, Advanced Semaphores
2076 =item Attributes: Restricting Access To Subroutines
2078 =item Subroutine Locks
2082 =item Locking A Subroutine
2086 =item General Thread Utility Routines
2090 =item What Thread Am I In?
2094 =item Are These Threads The Same?
2096 =item What Threads Are Running?
2100 =item A Complete Example
2108 =item Introductory Texts
2110 =item OS-Related References
2112 =item Other References
2116 =item Acknowledgements
2124 =head2 perlport - Writing portable Perl
2130 Not all Perl programs have to be portable, Nearly all of Perl already I<is>
2139 =item Numbers endianness and Width
2141 =item Files and Filesystems
2143 =item System Interaction
2145 =item Command names versus file pathnames
2149 =item Interprocess Communication (IPC)
2151 =item External Subroutines (XS)
2153 =item Standard Modules
2157 =item Character sets and character encoding
2159 =item Internationalisation
2161 =item System Resources
2171 Mailing list: cpan-testers@perl.org, Testing results:
2172 http://testers.cpan.org/
2180 =item DOS and Derivatives
2188 =item EBCDIC Platforms
2196 =item FUNCTION IMPLEMENTATIONS
2200 =item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions
2202 -I<X> FILEHANDLE, -I<X> EXPR, -I<X>, alarm SECONDS, alarm, binmode
2203 FILEHANDLE, chmod LIST, chown LIST, chroot FILENAME, chroot, crypt
2204 PLAINTEXT,SALT, dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MODE, dump LABEL, exec
2205 LIST, exit EXPR, exit, fcntl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, flock
2206 FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, fork, getlogin, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority
2207 WHICH,WHO, getpwnam NAME, getgrnam NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getpwuid UID,
2208 getgrgid GID, getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER,
2209 getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent, gethostbyname, gethostent,
2210 getnetent, getprotoent, getservent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent
2211 STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent,
2212 endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent, endservent, getsockopt
2213 SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, glob, ioctl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR,
2214 kill SIGNAL, LIST, link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, lstat FILEHANDLE, lstat EXPR,
2215 lstat, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget KEY,FLAGS, msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS, msgrcv
2216 ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE, pipe
2217 READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, readlink EXPR, readlink, select
2218 RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, semctl ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget
2219 KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, setgrent, setpgrp PID,PGRP,
2220 setpriority WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setpwent, setsockopt
2221 SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS,
2222 shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE, shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, sockatmark SOCKET,
2223 socketpair SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, stat FILEHANDLE, stat
2224 EXPR, stat, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen
2225 FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, system LIST, times, truncate
2226 FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, umask EXPR, umask, utime LIST,
2227 wait, waitpid PID,FLAGS
2233 v1.49, 12 August 2002, v1.48, 02 February 2001, v1.47, 22 March 2000,
2234 v1.46, 12 February 2000, v1.45, 20 December 1999, v1.44, 19 July 1999,
2235 v1.43, 24 May 1999, v1.42, 22 May 1999, v1.41, 19 May 1999, v1.40, 11 April
2236 1999, v1.39, 11 February 1999, v1.38, 31 December 1998, v1.37, 19 December
2237 1998, v1.36, 9 September 1998, v1.35, 13 August 1998, v1.33, 06 August
2238 1998, v1.32, 05 August 1998, v1.30, 03 August 1998, v1.23, 10 July 1998
2240 =item Supported Platforms
2244 =item AUTHORS / CONTRIBUTORS
2248 =head2 perllocale - Perl locale handling (internationalization and
2255 =item PREPARING TO USE LOCALES
2261 =item The use locale pragma
2263 =item The setlocale function
2265 =item Finding locales
2267 =item LOCALE PROBLEMS
2269 =item Temporarily fixing locale problems
2271 =item Permanently fixing locale problems
2273 =item Permanently fixing your system's locale configuration
2275 =item Fixing system locale configuration
2277 =item The localeconv function
2279 =item I18N::Langinfo
2283 =item LOCALE CATEGORIES
2287 =item Category LC_COLLATE: Collation
2289 =item Category LC_CTYPE: Character Types
2291 =item Category LC_NUMERIC: Numeric Formatting
2293 =item Category LC_MONETARY: Formatting of monetary amounts
2297 =item Other categories
2305 PERL_BADLANG, LC_ALL, LANGUAGE, LC_CTYPE, LC_COLLATE, LC_MONETARY,
2306 LC_NUMERIC, LC_TIME, LANG
2312 =item Backward compatibility
2314 =item I18N:Collate obsolete
2316 =item Sort speed and memory use impacts
2318 =item write() and LC_NUMERIC
2320 =item Freely available locale definitions
2324 =item An imperfect standard
2328 =item Unicode and UTF-8
2334 =item Broken systems
2344 =head2 perluniintro - Perl Unicode introduction
2354 =item Perl's Unicode Support
2356 =item Perl's Unicode Model
2358 =item Unicode and EBCDIC
2360 =item Creating Unicode
2362 =item Handling Unicode
2364 =item Legacy Encodings
2368 =item Displaying Unicode As Text
2372 =item Advanced Topics
2376 =item Questions With Answers
2378 =item Hexadecimal Notation
2380 =item Further Resources
2384 =item UNICODE IN OLDER PERLS
2388 =item ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
2390 =item AUTHOR, COPYRIGHT, AND LICENSE
2394 =head2 perlunicode - Unicode support in Perl
2402 =item Important Caveats
2404 Input and Output Layers, Regular Expressions, C<use utf8> still needed to
2405 enable UTF-8/UTF-EBCDIC in scripts
2407 =item Byte and Character Semantics
2409 =item Effects of Character Semantics
2415 =item User-Defined Character Properties
2417 =item Character Encodings for Input and Output
2419 =item Unicode Regular Expression Support Level
2421 =item Unicode Encodings
2423 =item Security Implications of Unicode
2425 =item Unicode in Perl on EBCDIC
2429 =item When Unicode Does Not Happen
2431 =item Forcing Unicode in Perl (Or Unforcing Unicode in Perl)
2433 =item Using Unicode in XS
2441 =item Interaction with Locales
2443 =item Interaction with Extensions
2447 =item Porting code from perl-5.6.X
2455 =head2 perlebcdic - Considerations for running Perl on EBCDIC platforms
2461 =item COMMON CHARACTER CODE SETS
2469 =item Latin 1 (ISO 8859-1)
2473 =item 13 variant characters
2481 =item Unicode code points versus EBCDIC code points
2483 =item Remaining Perl Unicode problems in EBCDIC
2485 =item Unicode and UTF
2491 =item SINGLE OCTET TABLES
2493 recipe 0, recipe 1, recipe 2, recipe 3, recipe 4, recipe 5, recipe 6
2495 =item IDENTIFYING CHARACTER CODE SETS
2509 =item OPERATOR DIFFERENCES
2511 =item FUNCTION DIFFERENCES
2513 chr(), ord(), pack(), print(), printf(), sort(), sprintf(), unpack()
2515 =item REGULAR EXPRESSION DIFFERENCES
2523 =item Ignore ASCII vs. EBCDIC sort differences.
2525 =item MONO CASE then sort data.
2527 =item Convert, sort data, then re convert.
2529 =item Perform sorting on one type of machine only.
2533 =item TRANSFORMATION FORMATS
2537 =item URL decoding and encoding
2539 =item uu encoding and decoding
2541 =item Quoted-Printable encoding and decoding
2543 =item Caesarian ciphers
2547 =item Hashing order and checksums
2551 =item MULTI OCTET CHARACTER SETS
2563 chcp, dataset access, OS/390, z/OS iconv, locales
2583 =head2 perlsec - Perl security
2591 =item Laundering and Detecting Tainted Data
2593 =item Switches On the "#!" Line
2595 =item Cleaning Up Your Path
2599 =item Protecting Your Programs
2603 =item Algorithmic Complexity Attacks
2611 =head2 perlmod - Perl modules (packages and symbol tables)
2623 =item Package Constructors and Destructors
2629 =item Making your module threadsafe
2637 =head2 perlmodinstall - Installing CPAN Modules
2647 B<DECOMPRESS> the file, B<UNPACK> the file into a directory, B<BUILD> the
2648 module (sometimes unnecessary), B<INSTALL> the module
2662 =head2 perlmodlib - constructing new Perl modules and finding existing ones
2666 =item THE PERL MODULE LIBRARY
2670 =item Pragmatic Modules
2672 assertions, assertions::activate, attributes, attrs, autouse, base, bigint,
2673 bignum, bigrat, blib, bytes, charnames, constant, diagnostics, encoding,
2674 fields, filetest, if, integer, less, lib, locale, open, ops, overload, re,
2675 sigtrap, sort, strict, subs, threads, threads::shared, utf8, vars, version,
2676 vmsish, warnings, warnings::register
2678 =item Standard Modules
2680 AnyDBM_File, Attribute::Handlers, AutoLoader, AutoSplit, B, B::Asmdata,
2681 B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Concise, B::Debug,
2682 B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex, B::Stackobj, B::Stash,
2683 B::Terse, B::Xref, Benchmark, CGI, CGI::Apache, CGI::Carp, CGI::Cookie,
2684 CGI::Fast, CGI::Pretty, CGI::Push, CGI::Switch, CGI::Util, CPAN,
2685 CPAN::FirstTime, CPAN::Nox, Carp, Carp::Heavy, Class::ISA, Class::Struct,
2686 Config, Cwd, DB, DB_File, Data::Dumper, Devel::DProf, Devel::PPPort,
2687 Devel::Peek, Devel::SelfStubber, Digest, Digest::MD5, DirHandle, Dumpvalue,
2688 DynaLoader, Encode, Encode::Alias, Encode::Byte, Encode::CJKConstants,
2689 Encode::CN, Encode::CN::HZ, Encode::Config, Encode::EBCDIC,
2690 Encode::Encoder, Encode::Encoding, Encode::Guess, Encode::JP,
2691 Encode::JP::H2Z, Encode::JP::JIS7, Encode::KR, Encode::KR::2022_KR,
2692 Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::PerlIO, Encode::Supported, Encode::Symbol,
2693 Encode::TW, Encode::Unicode, Encode::Unicode::UTF7, English, Env, Errno,
2694 Exporter, Exporter::Heavy, ExtUtils::Command, ExtUtils::Command::MM,
2695 ExtUtils::Constant, ExtUtils::Embed, ExtUtils::Install,
2696 ExtUtils::Installed, ExtUtils::Liblist, ExtUtils::MM, ExtUtils::MM_Any,
2697 ExtUtils::MM_BeOS, ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin, ExtUtils::MM_DOS,
2698 ExtUtils::MM_MacOS, ExtUtils::MM_NW5, ExtUtils::MM_OS2, ExtUtils::MM_UWIN,
2699 ExtUtils::MM_Unix, ExtUtils::MM_VMS, ExtUtils::MM_Win32,
2700 ExtUtils::MM_Win95, ExtUtils::MY, ExtUtils::MakeMaker,
2701 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::FAQ, ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Tutorial,
2702 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::bytes, ExtUtils::MakeMaker::vmsish,
2703 ExtUtils::Manifest, ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap, ExtUtils::Mksymlists,
2704 ExtUtils::Packlist, ExtUtils::testlib, Fatal, Fcntl, File::Basename,
2705 File::CheckTree, File::Compare, File::Copy, File::DosGlob, File::Find,
2706 File::Glob, File::Path, File::Spec, File::Spec::Cygwin, File::Spec::Epoc,
2707 File::Spec::Functions, File::Spec::Mac, File::Spec::OS2, File::Spec::Unix,
2708 File::Spec::VMS, File::Spec::Win32, File::Temp, File::stat, FileCache,
2709 FileHandle, Filter::Simple, Filter::Util::Call, FindBin, GDBM_File,
2710 Getopt::Long, Getopt::Std, Hash::Util, I18N::Collate, I18N::LangTags,
2711 I18N::LangTags::List, I18N::Langinfo, IO, IO::Dir, IO::File, IO::Handle,
2712 IO::Pipe, IO::Poll, IO::Seekable, IO::Select, IO::Socket, IO::Socket::INET,
2713 IO::Socket::UNIX, IPC::Open2, IPC::Open3, IPC::SysV, IPC::SysV::Msg,
2714 IPC::SysV::Semaphore, List::Util, Locale::Constants, Locale::Country,
2715 Locale::Currency, Locale::Language, Locale::Maketext,
2716 Locale::Maketext::TPJ13, Locale::Script, MIME::Base64,
2717 MIME::Base64::QuotedPrint, Math::BigFloat, Math::BigInt,
2718 Math::BigInt::Calc, Math::BigInt::Scalar, Math::BigRat, Math::Complex,
2719 Math::Trig, Memoize, Memoize::AnyDBM_File, Memoize::Expire,
2720 Memoize::ExpireFile, Memoize::ExpireTest, Memoize::NDBM_File,
2721 Memoize::SDBM_File, Memoize::Storable, NDBM_File, NEXT, Net::Cmd,
2722 Net::Config, Net::Domain, Net::FTP, Net::NNTP, Net::Netrc, Net::POP3,
2723 Net::Ping, Net::SMTP, Net::Time, Net::hostent, Net::libnetFAQ, Net::netent,
2724 Net::protoent, Net::servent, O, ODBM_File, Opcode, POSIX, PerlIO,
2725 PerlIO::encoding, PerlIO::scalar, PerlIO::via, PerlIO::via::QuotedPrint,
2726 Pod::Checker, Pod::Find, Pod::Functions, Pod::Html, Pod::InputObjects,
2727 Pod::LaTeX, Pod::Man, Pod::ParseLink, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Parser,
2728 Pod::Perldoc::ToChecker, Pod::Perldoc::ToMan, Pod::Perldoc::ToNroff,
2729 Pod::Perldoc::ToPod, Pod::Perldoc::ToRtf, Pod::Perldoc::ToText,
2730 Pod::Perldoc::ToTk, Pod::Perldoc::ToXml, Pod::PlainText, Pod::Plainer,
2731 Pod::Select, Pod::Text, Pod::Text::Color, Pod::Text::Overstrike,
2732 Pod::Text::Termcap, Pod::Usage, SDBM_File, Safe, Scalar::Util,
2733 Search::Dict, SelectSaver, SelfLoader, Shell, Socket, Storable, Switch,
2734 Symbol, Sys::Hostname, Sys::Syslog, Term::ANSIColor, Term::Cap,
2735 Term::Complete, Term::ReadLine, Test, Test::Builder, Test::Harness,
2736 Test::Harness::Assert, Test::Harness::Iterator, Test::Harness::Straps,
2737 Test::More, Test::Simple, Test::Tutorial, Text::Abbrev, Text::Balanced,
2738 Text::ParseWords, Text::Soundex, Text::Tabs, Text::Wrap, Thread,
2739 Thread::Queue, Thread::Semaphore, Thread::Signal, Thread::Specific,
2740 Tie::Array, Tie::File, Tie::Handle, Tie::Hash, Tie::Memoize, Tie::RefHash,
2741 Tie::Scalar, Tie::SubstrHash, Time::HiRes, Time::Local, Time::gmtime,
2742 Time::localtime, Time::tm, UNIVERSAL, Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Normalize,
2743 Unicode::UCD, User::grent, User::pwent, Win32, XS::APItest, XS::Typemap,
2746 =item Extension Modules
2760 China, Indonesia, Israel, Japan, Malaysia, Russian Federation, Saudi
2761 Arabia, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan
2763 =item Central America
2769 Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
2770 Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
2771 Lithuania, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia,
2772 Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, Ukraine, United
2777 Canada, Alberta, Manitoba, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Mexico, United States,
2778 Alabama, California, Colorado, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida,
2779 Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Michigan, Nevada, New Jersey,
2780 New York, North Carolina, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Texas,
2781 Utah, Virginia, Washington, Wisconsin
2785 Australia, New Zealand, United States
2789 Argentina, Brazil, Chile
2795 =item Modules: Creation, Use, and Abuse
2799 =item Guidelines for Module Creation
2801 =item Guidelines for Converting Perl 4 Library Scripts into Modules
2803 =item Guidelines for Reusing Application Code
2811 =head2 perlmodstyle - Perl module style guide
2817 =item QUICK CHECKLIST
2821 =item Before you start
2829 =item Release considerations
2833 =item BEFORE YOU START WRITING A MODULE
2837 =item Has it been done before?
2839 =item Do one thing and do it well
2841 =item What's in a name?
2845 =item DESIGNING AND WRITING YOUR MODULE
2849 =item To OO or not to OO?
2851 =item Designing your API
2853 Write simple routines to do simple things, Separate functionality from
2854 output, Provide sensible shortcuts and defaults, Naming conventions,
2857 =item Strictness and warnings
2859 =item Backwards compatibility
2861 =item Error handling and messages
2865 =item DOCUMENTING YOUR MODULE
2871 =item README, INSTALL, release notes, changelogs
2873 perl Makefile.PL, make, make test, make install, perl Build.PL, perl Build,
2874 perl Build test, perl Build install
2878 =item RELEASE CONSIDERATIONS
2882 =item Version numbering
2884 =item Pre-requisites
2894 =item COMMON PITFALLS
2898 =item Reinventing the wheel
2900 =item Trying to do too much
2902 =item Inappropriate documentation
2908 L<perlstyle>, L<perlnewmod>, L<perlpod>, L<podchecker>, Packaging Tools,
2909 Testing tools, http://pause.perl.org/, Any good book on software
2916 =head2 perlnewmod - preparing a new module for distribution
2926 =item What should I make into a module?
2928 =item Step-by-step: Preparing the ground
2930 Look around, Check it's new, Discuss the need, Choose a name, Check again
2932 =item Step-by-step: Making the module
2934 Start with F<h2xs>, Use L<strict|strict> and L<warnings|warnings>, Use
2935 L<Carp|Carp>, Use L<Exporter|Exporter> - wisely!, Use L<plain old
2936 documentation|perlpod>, Write tests, Write the README
2938 =item Step-by-step: Distributing your module
2940 Get a CPAN user ID, C<perl Makefile.PL; make test; make dist>, Upload the
2941 tarball, Announce to the modules list, Announce to clpa, Fix bugs!
2951 =head2 perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl ($Revision: 1.12 $, $Date:
2952 2003/07/09 15:47:28 $)
2962 =item Who supports Perl? Who develops it? Why is it free?
2964 =item Which version of Perl should I use?
2966 =item What are perl4 and perl5?
2968 =item What is Ponie?
2970 =item What is perl6?
2972 =item How stable is Perl?
2974 =item Is Perl difficult to learn?
2976 =item How does Perl compare with other languages like Java, Python, REXX,
2979 =item Can I do [task] in Perl?
2981 =item When shouldn't I program in Perl?
2983 =item What's the difference between "perl" and "Perl"?
2985 =item Is it a Perl program or a Perl script?
2987 =item What is a JAPH?
2989 =item Where can I get a list of Larry Wall witticisms?
2991 =item How can I convince my sysadmin/supervisor/employees to use version
2992 5/5.6.1/Perl instead of some other language?
2996 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
3000 =head2 perlfaq2 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl ($Revision: 1.20 $,
3001 $Date: 2003/01/26 17:50:56 $)
3009 =item What machines support Perl? Where do I get it?
3011 =item How can I get a binary version of Perl?
3013 =item I don't have a C compiler on my system. How can I compile perl?
3015 =item I copied the Perl binary from one machine to another, but scripts
3018 =item I grabbed the sources and tried to compile but gdbm/dynamic
3019 loading/malloc/linking/... failed. How do I make it work?
3021 =item What modules and extensions are available for Perl? What is CPAN?
3022 What does CPAN/src/... mean?
3024 =item Is there an ISO or ANSI certified version of Perl?
3026 =item Where can I get information on Perl?
3028 =item What are the Perl newsgroups on Usenet? Where do I post questions?
3030 =item Where should I post source code?
3034 References, Tutorials, Task-Oriented, Special Topics
3036 =item Perl in Magazines
3038 =item Perl on the Net: FTP and WWW Access
3040 =item What mailing lists are there for Perl?
3042 =item Archives of comp.lang.perl.misc
3044 =item Where can I buy a commercial version of Perl?
3046 =item Where do I send bug reports?
3048 =item What is perl.com? Perl Mongers? pm.org? perl.org? cpan.org?
3052 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
3056 =head2 perlfaq3 - Programming Tools ($Revision: 1.33 $, $Date: 2003/01/31
3065 =item How do I do (anything)?
3067 =item How can I use Perl interactively?
3069 =item Is there a Perl shell?
3071 =item How do I find which modules are installed on my system?
3073 =item How do I debug my Perl programs?
3075 =item How do I profile my Perl programs?
3077 =item How do I cross-reference my Perl programs?
3079 =item Is there a pretty-printer (formatter) for Perl?
3081 =item Is there a ctags for Perl?
3083 =item Is there an IDE or Windows Perl Editor?
3085 Komodo, The Object System, Open Perl IDE, PerlBuilder, visiPerl+, OptiPerl,
3086 GNU Emacs, MicroEMACS, XEmacs, Jed, Elvis, Vile, Vim, Codewright,
3087 MultiEdit, SlickEdit, Bash, Ksh, Tcsh, Zsh, BBEdit and BBEdit Lite, Alpha
3089 =item Where can I get Perl macros for vi?
3091 =item Where can I get perl-mode for emacs?
3093 =item How can I use curses with Perl?
3095 =item How can I use X or Tk with Perl?
3097 =item How can I generate simple menus without using CGI or Tk?
3099 =item How can I make my Perl program run faster?
3101 =item How can I make my Perl program take less memory?
3103 Don't slurp!, Use map and grep selectively, Avoid unnecessary quotes and
3104 stringification, Pass by reference, Tie large variables to disk
3106 =item Is it safe to return a reference to local or lexical data?
3108 =item How can I free an array or hash so my program shrinks?
3110 =item How can I make my CGI script more efficient?
3112 =item How can I hide the source for my Perl program?
3114 =item How can I compile my Perl program into byte code or C?
3116 =item How can I compile Perl into Java?
3118 =item How can I get C<#!perl> to work on [MS-DOS,NT,...]?
3120 =item Can I write useful Perl programs on the command line?
3122 =item Why don't Perl one-liners work on my DOS/Mac/VMS system?
3124 =item Where can I learn about CGI or Web programming in Perl?
3126 =item Where can I learn about object-oriented Perl programming?
3128 =item Where can I learn about linking C with Perl? [h2xs, xsubpp]
3130 =item I've read perlembed, perlguts, etc., but I can't embed perl in
3131 my C program; what am I doing wrong?
3133 =item When I tried to run my script, I got this message. What does it mean?
3135 =item What's MakeMaker?
3139 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
3143 =head2 perlfaq4 - Data Manipulation ($Revision: 1.44 $, $Date: 2003/07/28
3154 =item Why am I getting long decimals (eg, 19.9499999999999) instead of the
3155 numbers I should be getting (eg, 19.95)?
3157 =item Why isn't my octal data interpreted correctly?
3159 =item Does Perl have a round() function? What about ceil() and floor()?
3162 =item How do I convert between numeric representations?
3164 How do I convert hexadecimal into decimal, How do I convert from decimal to
3165 hexadecimal, How do I convert from octal to decimal, How do I convert from
3166 decimal to octal, How do I convert from binary to decimal, How do I convert
3167 from decimal to binary
3169 =item Why doesn't & work the way I want it to?
3171 =item How do I multiply matrices?
3173 =item How do I perform an operation on a series of integers?
3175 =item How can I output Roman numerals?
3177 =item Why aren't my random numbers random?
3179 =item How do I get a random number between X and Y?
3187 =item How do I find the day or week of the year?
3189 =item How can I compare two dates and find the difference?
3191 =item How can I take a string and turn it into epoch seconds?
3193 =item How can I find the Julian Day?
3195 =item How do I find yesterday's date?
3197 =item Does Perl have a Year 2000 problem? Is Perl Y2K compliant?
3205 =item How do I validate input?
3207 =item How do I unescape a string?
3209 =item How do I remove consecutive pairs of characters?
3211 =item How do I expand function calls in a string?
3213 =item How do I find matching/nesting anything?
3215 =item How do I reverse a string?
3217 =item How do I expand tabs in a string?
3219 =item How do I reformat a paragraph?
3221 =item How can I access or change N characters of a string?
3223 =item How do I change the Nth occurrence of something?
3225 =item How can I count the number of occurrences of a substring within a
3228 =item How do I capitalize all the words on one line?
3230 =item How can I split a [character] delimited string except when inside
3233 =item How do I strip blank space from the beginning/end of a string?
3235 =item How do I pad a string with blanks or pad a number with zeroes?
3237 =item How do I extract selected columns from a string?
3239 =item How do I find the soundex value of a string?
3241 =item How can I expand variables in text strings?
3243 =item What's wrong with always quoting "$vars"?
3245 =item Why don't my E<lt>E<lt>HERE documents work?
3247 There must be no space after the E<lt>E<lt> part, There (probably) should
3248 be a semicolon at the end, You can't (easily) have any space in front of
3257 =item What is the difference between a list and an array?
3259 =item What is the difference between $array[1] and @array[1]?
3261 =item How can I remove duplicate elements from a list or array?
3265 =item How can I tell whether a certain element is contained in a list or
3268 =item How do I compute the difference of two arrays? How do I compute the
3269 intersection of two arrays?
3271 =item How do I test whether two arrays or hashes are equal?
3273 =item How do I find the first array element for which a condition is true?
3275 =item How do I handle linked lists?
3277 =item How do I handle circular lists?
3279 =item How do I shuffle an array randomly?
3281 =item How do I process/modify each element of an array?
3283 =item How do I select a random element from an array?
3285 =item How do I permute N elements of a list?
3287 =item How do I sort an array by (anything)?
3289 =item How do I manipulate arrays of bits?
3291 =item Why does defined() return true on empty arrays and hashes?
3295 =item Data: Hashes (Associative Arrays)
3299 =item How do I process an entire hash?
3301 =item What happens if I add or remove keys from a hash while iterating over
3304 =item How do I look up a hash element by value?
3306 =item How can I know how many entries are in a hash?
3308 =item How do I sort a hash (optionally by value instead of key)?
3310 =item How can I always keep my hash sorted?
3312 =item What's the difference between "delete" and "undef" with hashes?
3314 =item Why don't my tied hashes make the defined/exists distinction?
3316 =item How do I reset an each() operation part-way through?
3318 =item How can I get the unique keys from two hashes?
3320 =item How can I store a multidimensional array in a DBM file?
3322 =item How can I make my hash remember the order I put elements into it?
3324 =item Why does passing a subroutine an undefined element in a hash create
3327 =item How can I make the Perl equivalent of a C structure/C++ class/hash or
3328 array of hashes or arrays?
3330 =item How can I use a reference as a hash key?
3338 =item How do I handle binary data correctly?
3340 =item How do I determine whether a scalar is a number/whole/integer/float?
3342 =item How do I keep persistent data across program calls?
3344 =item How do I print out or copy a recursive data structure?
3346 =item How do I define methods for every class/object?
3348 =item How do I verify a credit card checksum?
3350 =item How do I pack arrays of doubles or floats for XS code?
3354 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
3358 =head2 perlfaq5 - Files and Formats ($Revision: 1.28 $, $Date: 2003/01/26
3367 =item How do I flush/unbuffer an output filehandle? Why must I do this?
3369 =item How do I change one line in a file/delete a line in a file/insert a
3370 line in the middle of a file/append to the beginning of a file?
3372 =item How do I count the number of lines in a file?
3374 =item How can I use Perl's C<-i> option from within a program?
3376 =item How do I make a temporary file name?
3378 =item How can I manipulate fixed-record-length files?
3380 =item How can I make a filehandle local to a subroutine? How do I pass
3381 filehandles between subroutines? How do I make an array of filehandles?
3383 =item How can I use a filehandle indirectly?
3385 =item How can I set up a footer format to be used with write()?
3387 =item How can I write() into a string?
3389 =item How can I output my numbers with commas added?
3391 =item How can I translate tildes (~) in a filename?
3393 =item How come when I open a file read-write it wipes it out?
3395 =item Why do I sometimes get an "Argument list too long" when I use
3398 =item Is there a leak/bug in glob()?
3400 =item How can I open a file with a leading ">" or trailing blanks?
3402 =item How can I reliably rename a file?
3404 =item How can I lock a file?
3406 =item Why can't I just open(FH, "E<gt>file.lock")?
3408 =item I still don't get locking. I just want to increment the number in
3409 the file. How can I do this?
3411 =item All I want to do is append a small amount of text to the end of a
3412 file. Do I still have to use locking?
3414 =item How do I randomly update a binary file?
3416 =item How do I get a file's timestamp in perl?
3418 =item How do I set a file's timestamp in perl?
3420 =item How do I print to more than one file at once?
3422 =item How can I read in an entire file all at once?
3424 =item How can I read in a file by paragraphs?
3426 =item How can I read a single character from a file? From the keyboard?
3428 =item How can I tell whether there's a character waiting on a filehandle?
3430 =item How do I do a C<tail -f> in perl?
3432 =item How do I dup() a filehandle in Perl?
3434 =item How do I close a file descriptor by number?
3436 =item Why can't I use "C:\temp\foo" in DOS paths? Why doesn't
3437 `C:\temp\foo.exe` work?
3439 =item Why doesn't glob("*.*") get all the files?
3441 =item Why does Perl let me delete read-only files? Why does C<-i> clobber
3442 protected files? Isn't this a bug in Perl?
3444 =item How do I select a random line from a file?
3446 =item Why do I get weird spaces when I print an array of lines?
3450 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
3454 =head2 perlfaq6 - Regular Expressions ($Revision: 1.20 $, $Date: 2003/01/03
3463 =item How can I hope to use regular expressions without creating illegible
3464 and unmaintainable code?
3466 Comments Outside the Regex, Comments Inside the Regex, Different Delimiters
3468 =item I'm having trouble matching over more than one line. What's wrong?
3470 =item How can I pull out lines between two patterns that are themselves on
3473 =item I put a regular expression into $/ but it didn't work. What's wrong?
3475 =item How do I substitute case insensitively on the LHS while preserving
3478 =item How can I make C<\w> match national character sets?
3480 =item How can I match a locale-smart version of C</[a-zA-Z]/>?
3482 =item How can I quote a variable to use in a regex?
3484 =item What is C</o> really for?
3486 =item How do I use a regular expression to strip C style comments from a
3489 =item Can I use Perl regular expressions to match balanced text?
3491 =item What does it mean that regexes are greedy? How can I get around it?
3493 =item How do I process each word on each line?
3495 =item How can I print out a word-frequency or line-frequency summary?
3497 =item How can I do approximate matching?
3499 =item How do I efficiently match many regular expressions at once?
3501 =item Why don't word-boundary searches with C<\b> work for me?
3503 =item Why does using $&, $`, or $' slow my program down?
3505 =item What good is C<\G> in a regular expression?
3507 =item Are Perl regexes DFAs or NFAs? Are they POSIX compliant?
3509 =item What's wrong with using grep or map in a void context?
3511 =item How can I match strings with multibyte characters?
3513 =item How do I match a pattern that is supplied by the user?
3517 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
3521 =head2 perlfaq7 - General Perl Language Issues ($Revision: 1.15 $, $Date:
3522 2003/07/24 02:17:21 $)
3530 =item Can I get a BNF/yacc/RE for the Perl language?
3532 =item What are all these $@%&* punctuation signs, and how do I know when to
3535 =item Do I always/never have to quote my strings or use semicolons and
3538 =item How do I skip some return values?
3540 =item How do I temporarily block warnings?
3542 =item What's an extension?
3544 =item Why do Perl operators have different precedence than C operators?
3546 =item How do I declare/create a structure?
3548 =item How do I create a module?
3550 =item How do I create a class?
3552 =item How can I tell if a variable is tainted?
3554 =item What's a closure?
3556 =item What is variable suicide and how can I prevent it?
3558 =item How can I pass/return a {Function, FileHandle, Array, Hash, Method,
3561 Passing Variables and Functions, Passing Filehandles, Passing Regexes,
3564 =item How do I create a static variable?
3566 =item What's the difference between dynamic and lexical (static) scoping?
3567 Between local() and my()?
3569 =item How can I access a dynamic variable while a similarly named lexical
3572 =item What's the difference between deep and shallow binding?
3574 =item Why doesn't "my($foo) = E<lt>FILEE<gt>;" work right?
3576 =item How do I redefine a builtin function, operator, or method?
3578 =item What's the difference between calling a function as &foo and foo()?
3580 =item How do I create a switch or case statement?
3582 =item How can I catch accesses to undefined variables, functions, or
3585 =item Why can't a method included in this same file be found?
3587 =item How can I find out my current package?
3589 =item How can I comment out a large block of perl code?
3591 =item How do I clear a package?
3593 =item How can I use a variable as a variable name?
3595 =item What does "bad interpreter" mean?
3599 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
3603 =head2 perlfaq8 - System Interaction ($Revision: 1.17 $, $Date: 2003/01/26
3612 =item How do I find out which operating system I'm running under?
3614 =item How come exec() doesn't return?
3616 =item How do I do fancy stuff with the keyboard/screen/mouse?
3618 Keyboard, Screen, Mouse
3620 =item How do I print something out in color?
3622 =item How do I read just one key without waiting for a return key?
3624 =item How do I check whether input is ready on the keyboard?
3626 =item How do I clear the screen?
3628 =item How do I get the screen size?
3630 =item How do I ask the user for a password?
3632 =item How do I read and write the serial port?
3634 lockfiles, open mode, end of line, flushing output, non-blocking input
3636 =item How do I decode encrypted password files?
3638 =item How do I start a process in the background?
3640 STDIN, STDOUT, and STDERR are shared, Signals, Zombies
3642 =item How do I trap control characters/signals?
3644 =item How do I modify the shadow password file on a Unix system?
3646 =item How do I set the time and date?
3648 =item How can I sleep() or alarm() for under a second?
3650 =item How can I measure time under a second?
3652 =item How can I do an atexit() or setjmp()/longjmp()? (Exception handling)
3654 =item Why doesn't my sockets program work under System V (Solaris)? What
3655 does the error message "Protocol not supported" mean?
3657 =item How can I call my system's unique C functions from Perl?
3659 =item Where do I get the include files to do ioctl() or syscall()?
3661 =item Why do setuid perl scripts complain about kernel problems?
3663 =item How can I open a pipe both to and from a command?
3665 =item Why can't I get the output of a command with system()?
3667 =item How can I capture STDERR from an external command?
3669 =item Why doesn't open() return an error when a pipe open fails?
3671 =item What's wrong with using backticks in a void context?
3673 =item How can I call backticks without shell processing?
3675 =item Why can't my script read from STDIN after I gave it EOF (^D on Unix,
3678 =item How can I convert my shell script to perl?
3680 =item Can I use perl to run a telnet or ftp session?
3682 =item How can I write expect in Perl?
3684 =item Is there a way to hide perl's command line from programs such as
3687 =item I {changed directory, modified my environment} in a perl script. How
3688 come the change disappeared when I exited the script? How do I get my
3689 changes to be visible?
3693 =item How do I close a process's filehandle without waiting for it to
3696 =item How do I fork a daemon process?
3698 =item How do I find out if I'm running interactively or not?
3700 =item How do I timeout a slow event?
3702 =item How do I set CPU limits?
3704 =item How do I avoid zombies on a Unix system?
3706 =item How do I use an SQL database?
3708 =item How do I make a system() exit on control-C?
3710 =item How do I open a file without blocking?
3712 =item How do I install a module from CPAN?
3714 =item What's the difference between require and use?
3716 =item How do I keep my own module/library directory?
3718 =item How do I add the directory my program lives in to the module/library
3721 =item How do I add a directory to my include path at runtime?
3723 =item What is socket.ph and where do I get it?
3727 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
3731 =head2 perlfaq9 - Networking ($Revision: 1.15 $, $Date: 2003/01/31 17:36:57
3740 =item What is the correct form of response from a CGI script?
3742 =item My CGI script runs from the command line but not the browser. (500
3745 =item How can I get better error messages from a CGI program?
3747 =item How do I remove HTML from a string?
3749 =item How do I extract URLs?
3751 =item How do I download a file from the user's machine? How do I open a
3752 file on another machine?
3754 =item How do I make a pop-up menu in HTML?
3756 =item How do I fetch an HTML file?
3758 =item How do I automate an HTML form submission?
3760 =item How do I decode or create those %-encodings on the web?
3762 =item How do I redirect to another page?
3764 =item How do I put a password on my web pages?
3766 =item How do I edit my .htpasswd and .htgroup files with Perl?
3768 =item How do I make sure users can't enter values into a form that cause my
3769 CGI script to do bad things?
3771 =item How do I parse a mail header?
3773 =item How do I decode a CGI form?
3775 =item How do I check a valid mail address?
3777 =item How do I decode a MIME/BASE64 string?
3779 =item How do I return the user's mail address?
3781 =item How do I send mail?
3783 =item How do I use MIME to make an attachment to a mail message?
3785 =item How do I read mail?
3787 =item How do I find out my hostname/domainname/IP address?
3789 =item How do I fetch a news article or the active newsgroups?
3791 =item How do I fetch/put an FTP file?
3793 =item How can I do RPC in Perl?
3797 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
3801 =head2 perlcompile - Introduction to the Perl Compiler-Translator
3811 B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Lint, B::Deparse, B::Xref
3815 =item Using The Back Ends
3819 =item The Cross Referencing Back End
3823 =item The Decompiling Back End
3825 =item The Lint Back End
3827 =item The Simple C Back End
3829 =item The Bytecode Back End
3831 =item The Optimized C Back End
3835 =item Module List for the Compiler Suite
3837 B, O, B::Asmdata, B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC,
3838 B::Concise, B::Debug, B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex,
3839 B::Stackobj, B::Stash, B::Terse, B::Xref
3841 =item KNOWN PROBLEMS
3847 =head2 perlembed - how to embed perl in your C program
3857 B<Use C from Perl?>, B<Use a Unix program from Perl?>, B<Use Perl from
3858 Perl?>, B<Use C from C?>, B<Use Perl from C?>
3862 =item Compiling your C program
3864 =item Adding a Perl interpreter to your C program
3866 =item Calling a Perl subroutine from your C program
3868 =item Evaluating a Perl statement from your C program
3870 =item Performing Perl pattern matches and substitutions from your C program
3872 =item Fiddling with the Perl stack from your C program
3874 =item Maintaining a persistent interpreter
3876 =item Execution of END blocks
3878 =item Maintaining multiple interpreter instances
3880 =item Using Perl modules, which themselves use C libraries, from your C
3885 =item Embedding Perl under Win32
3897 =head2 perldebguts - Guts of Perl debugging
3903 =item Debugger Internals
3907 =item Writing Your Own Debugger
3911 =item Frame Listing Output Examples
3913 =item Debugging regular expressions
3917 =item Compile-time output
3919 C<anchored> I<STRING> C<at> I<POS>, C<floating> I<STRING> C<at>
3920 I<POS1..POS2>, C<matching floating/anchored>, C<minlen>, C<stclass>
3921 I<TYPE>, C<noscan>, C<isall>, C<GPOS>, C<plus>, C<implicit>, C<with eval>,
3924 =item Types of nodes
3926 =item Run-time output
3930 =item Debugging Perl memory usage
3934 =item Using C<$ENV{PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS}>
3936 C<buckets SMALLEST(APPROX)..GREATEST(APPROX)>, Free/Used, C<Total sbrk():
3937 SBRKed/SBRKs:CONTINUOUS>, C<pad: 0>, C<heads: 2192>, C<chain: 0>, C<tail:
3940 =item Example of using B<-DL> switch
3942 C<717>, C<002>, C<054>, C<602>, C<702>, C<704>
3944 =item B<-DL> details
3948 =item Limitations of B<-DL> statistics
3956 =head2 perlxstut, perlXStut - Tutorial for writing XSUBs
3968 =item Version caveat
3970 =item Dynamic Loading versus Static Loading
3982 =item What has gone on?
3984 =item Writing good test scripts
3988 =item What's new here?
3990 =item Input and Output Parameters
3992 =item The XSUBPP Program
3994 =item The TYPEMAP file
3996 =item Warning about Output Arguments
4000 =item What has happened here?
4002 =item Anatomy of .xs file
4004 =item Getting the fat out of XSUBs
4006 =item More about XSUB arguments
4008 =item The Argument Stack
4010 =item Extending your Extension
4012 =item Documenting your Extension
4014 =item Installing your Extension
4018 =item New Things in this Example
4022 =item New Things in this Example
4024 =item EXAMPLE 7 (Coming Soon)
4026 =item EXAMPLE 8 (Coming Soon)
4028 =item EXAMPLE 9 Passing open files to XSes
4030 =item Troubleshooting these Examples
4046 =head2 perlxs - XS language reference manual
4058 =item The Anatomy of an XSUB
4060 =item The Argument Stack
4062 =item The RETVAL Variable
4064 =item The MODULE Keyword
4066 =item The PACKAGE Keyword
4068 =item The PREFIX Keyword
4070 =item The OUTPUT: Keyword
4072 =item The NO_OUTPUT Keyword
4074 =item The CODE: Keyword
4076 =item The INIT: Keyword
4078 =item The NO_INIT Keyword
4080 =item Initializing Function Parameters
4082 =item Default Parameter Values
4084 =item The PREINIT: Keyword
4086 =item The SCOPE: Keyword
4088 =item The INPUT: Keyword
4090 =item The IN/OUTLIST/IN_OUTLIST/OUT/IN_OUT Keywords
4092 =item The C<length(NAME)> Keyword
4094 =item Variable-length Parameter Lists
4096 =item The C_ARGS: Keyword
4098 =item The PPCODE: Keyword
4100 =item Returning Undef And Empty Lists
4102 =item The REQUIRE: Keyword
4104 =item The CLEANUP: Keyword
4106 =item The POSTCALL: Keyword
4108 =item The BOOT: Keyword
4110 =item The VERSIONCHECK: Keyword
4112 =item The PROTOTYPES: Keyword
4114 =item The PROTOTYPE: Keyword
4116 =item The ALIAS: Keyword
4118 =item The OVERLOAD: Keyword
4120 =item The FALLBACK: Keyword
4122 =item The INTERFACE: Keyword
4124 =item The INTERFACE_MACRO: Keyword
4126 =item The INCLUDE: Keyword
4128 =item The CASE: Keyword
4130 =item The & Unary Operator
4132 =item Inserting POD, Comments and C Preprocessor Directives
4134 =item Using XS With C++
4136 =item Interface Strategy
4138 =item Perl Objects And C Structures
4142 =item Safely Storing Static Data in XS
4144 MY_CXT_KEY, typedef my_cxt_t, START_MY_CXT, MY_CXT_INIT, dMY_CXT, MY_CXT
4156 =head2 perlclib - Internal replacements for standard C library functions
4166 C<t>, C<p>, C<n>, C<s>
4168 =item File Operations
4170 =item File Input and Output
4172 =item File Positioning
4174 =item Memory Management and String Handling
4176 =item Character Class Tests
4178 =item F<stdlib.h> functions
4180 =item Miscellaneous functions
4188 =head2 perlguts - Introduction to the Perl API
4200 =item What is an "IV"?
4202 =item Working with SVs
4206 =item What's Really Stored in an SV?
4208 =item Working with AVs
4210 =item Working with HVs
4212 =item Hash API Extensions
4214 =item AVs, HVs and undefined values
4218 =item Blessed References and Class Objects
4220 =item Creating New Variables
4222 GV_ADDMULTI, GV_ADDWARN
4224 =item Reference Counts and Mortality
4226 =item Stashes and Globs
4228 =item Double-Typed SVs
4230 =item Magic Variables
4232 =item Assigning Magic
4234 =item Magic Virtual Tables
4238 =item Understanding the Magic of Tied Hashes and Arrays
4240 =item Localizing changes
4242 C<SAVEINT(int i)>, C<SAVEIV(IV i)>, C<SAVEI32(I32 i)>, C<SAVELONG(long i)>,
4243 C<SAVESPTR(s)>, C<SAVEPPTR(p)>, C<SAVEFREESV(SV *sv)>, C<SAVEMORTALIZESV(SV
4244 *sv)>, C<SAVEFREEOP(OP *op)>, C<SAVEFREEPV(p)>, C<SAVECLEARSV(SV *sv)>,
4245 C<SAVEDELETE(HV *hv, char *key, I32 length)>,
4246 C<SAVEDESTRUCTOR(DESTRUCTORFUNC_NOCONTEXT_t f, void *p)>,
4247 C<SAVEDESTRUCTOR_X(DESTRUCTORFUNC_t f, void *p)>, C<SAVESTACK_POS()>, C<SV*
4248 save_scalar(GV *gv)>, C<AV* save_ary(GV *gv)>, C<HV* save_hash(GV *gv)>,
4249 C<void save_item(SV *item)>, C<void save_list(SV **sarg, I32 maxsarg)>,
4250 C<SV* save_svref(SV **sptr)>, C<void save_aptr(AV **aptr)>, C<void
4251 save_hptr(HV **hptr)>
4259 =item XSUBs and the Argument Stack
4261 =item Calling Perl Routines from within C Programs
4263 =item Memory Allocation
4267 =item Putting a C value on Perl stack
4271 =item Scratchpads and recursion
4281 =item Examining the tree
4283 =item Compile pass 1: check routines
4285 =item Compile pass 1a: constant folding
4287 =item Compile pass 2: context propagation
4289 =item Compile pass 3: peephole optimization
4291 =item Pluggable runops
4295 =item Examining internal data structures with the C<dump> functions
4297 =item How multiple interpreters and concurrency are supported
4301 =item Background and PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
4303 =item So what happened to dTHR?
4305 =item How do I use all this in extensions?
4307 =item Should I do anything special if I call perl from multiple threads?
4309 =item Future Plans and PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
4313 =item Internal Functions
4315 A, p, d, s, n, r, f, M, o, j, x
4319 =item Formatted Printing of IVs, UVs, and NVs
4321 =item Pointer-To-Integer and Integer-To-Pointer
4323 =item Source Documentation
4327 =item Unicode Support
4331 =item What B<is> Unicode, anyway?
4333 =item How can I recognise a UTF8 string?
4335 =item How does UTF8 represent Unicode characters?
4337 =item How does Perl store UTF8 strings?
4339 =item How do I convert a string to UTF8?
4341 =item Is there anything else I need to know?
4345 =item Custom Operators
4353 =head2 perlcall - Perl calling conventions from C
4359 An Error Handler, An Event Driven Program
4361 =item THE CALL_ FUNCTIONS
4363 call_sv, call_pv, call_method, call_argv
4383 =item Determining the Context
4387 =item KNOWN PROBLEMS
4393 =item No Parameters, Nothing returned
4395 =item Passing Parameters
4397 =item Returning a Scalar
4399 =item Returning a list of values
4401 =item Returning a list in a scalar context
4403 =item Returning Data from Perl via the parameter list
4407 =item Using G_KEEPERR
4411 =item Using call_argv
4413 =item Using call_method
4417 =item Using Perl to dispose of temporaries
4419 =item Strategies for storing Callback Context Information
4421 1. Ignore the problem - Allow only 1 callback, 2. Create a sequence of
4422 callbacks - hard wired limit, 3. Use a parameter to map to the Perl
4425 =item Alternate Stack Manipulation
4427 =item Creating and calling an anonymous subroutine in C
4439 =head2 perlutil - utilities packaged with the Perl distribution
4449 L<perldoc|perldoc>, L<pod2man|pod2man> and L<pod2text|pod2text>,
4450 L<pod2html|pod2html> and L<pod2latex|pod2latex>, L<pod2usage|pod2usage>,
4451 L<podselect|podselect>, L<podchecker|podchecker>, L<splain|splain>,
4452 L<roffitall|roffitall>
4456 L<a2p|a2p>, L<s2p|s2p>, L<find2perl|find2perl>
4458 =item Administration
4460 L<libnetcfg|libnetcfg>
4464 L<perlbug|perlbug>, L<h2ph|h2ph>, L<c2ph|c2ph> and L<pstruct|pstruct>,
4465 L<h2xs|h2xs>, L<dprofpp|dprofpp>, L<perlcc|perlcc>
4473 =head2 perlfilter - Source Filters
4483 =item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER
4485 =item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN C
4487 B<Decryption Filters>
4489 =item CREATING A SOURCE FILTER AS A SEPARATE EXECUTABLE
4491 =item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN PERL
4493 =item USING CONTEXT: THE DEBUG FILTER
4497 =item THINGS TO LOOK OUT FOR
4499 Some Filters Clobber the C<DATA> Handle
4509 =head2 perldbmfilter - Perl DBM Filters
4517 B<filter_store_key>, B<filter_store_value>, B<filter_fetch_key>,
4518 B<filter_fetch_value>
4524 =item An Example -- the NULL termination problem.
4526 =item Another Example -- Key is a C int.
4536 =head2 perlapi - autogenerated documentation for the perl public API
4542 =item "Gimme" Values
4544 GIMME, GIMME_V, G_ARRAY, G_DISCARD, G_EVAL, G_NOARGS, G_SCALAR, G_VOID
4546 =item Array Manipulation Functions
4548 AvFILL, av_clear, av_delete, av_exists, av_extend, av_fetch, av_fill,
4549 av_len, av_make, av_pop, av_push, av_shift, av_store, av_undef, av_unshift,
4550 get_av, newAV, Nullav, sortsv
4552 =item Callback Functions
4554 call_argv, call_method, call_pv, call_sv, ENTER, eval_pv, eval_sv,
4555 FREETMPS, LEAVE, SAVETMPS
4557 =item Character classes
4559 isALNUM, isALPHA, isDIGIT, isLOWER, isSPACE, isUPPER, toLOWER, toUPPER
4561 =item Cloning an interpreter
4565 =item CV Manipulation Functions
4567 CvSTASH, get_cv, Nullcv
4569 =item Embedding Functions
4571 cv_undef, load_module, nothreadhook, perl_alloc, perl_construct,
4572 perl_destruct, perl_free, perl_parse, perl_run, require_pv
4574 =item Functions in file pp_pack.c
4576 packlist, pack_cat, unpackstring, unpack_str
4578 =item Global Variables
4580 PL_modglobal, PL_na, PL_sv_no, PL_sv_undef, PL_sv_yes
4584 GvSV, gv_fetchmeth, gv_fetchmethod, gv_fetchmethod_autoload,
4585 gv_fetchmeth_autoload, gv_stashpv, gv_stashsv
4589 HEf_SVKEY, Nullch, Nullsv
4591 =item Hash Manipulation Functions
4593 get_hv, HeHASH, HeKEY, HeKLEN, HePV, HeSVKEY, HeSVKEY_force, HeSVKEY_set,
4594 HeVAL, HvNAME, hv_clear, hv_delete, hv_delete_ent, hv_exists,
4595 hv_exists_ent, hv_fetch, hv_fetch_ent, hv_iterinit, hv_iterkey,
4596 hv_iterkeysv, hv_iternext, hv_iternextsv, hv_iternext_flags, hv_iterval,
4597 hv_magic, hv_store, hv_store_ent, hv_undef, newHV, Nullhv
4599 =item Magical Functions
4601 mg_clear, mg_copy, mg_find, mg_free, mg_get, mg_length, mg_magical, mg_set,
4602 SvGETMAGIC, SvLOCK, SvSETMAGIC, SvSetMagicSV, SvSetMagicSV_nosteal,
4603 SvSetSV, SvSetSV_nosteal, SvSHARE
4605 =item Memory Management
4607 Copy, Move, New, Newc, NEWSV, Newz, Poison, Renew, Renewc, Safefree,
4608 savepv, savepvn, savesharedpv, StructCopy, Zero
4610 =item Miscellaneous Functions
4612 fbm_compile, fbm_instr, form, getcwd_sv, new_version, scan_version, strEQ,
4613 strGE, strGT, strLE, strLT, strNE, strnEQ, strnNE, sv_nolocking,
4614 sv_nosharing, sv_nounlocking, upg_version, vcmp, vnumify, vstringify
4616 =item Numeric functions
4618 grok_bin, grok_hex, grok_number, grok_numeric_radix, grok_oct, scan_bin,
4621 =item Optree Manipulation Functions
4623 cv_const_sv, newCONSTSUB, newXS
4625 =item Pad Data Structures
4629 =item Stack Manipulation Macros
4631 dMARK, dORIGMARK, dSP, EXTEND, MARK, ORIGMARK, POPi, POPl, POPn, POPp,
4632 POPpbytex, POPpx, POPs, PUSHi, PUSHMARK, PUSHn, PUSHp, PUSHs, PUSHu,
4633 PUTBACK, SP, SPAGAIN, XPUSHi, XPUSHn, XPUSHp, XPUSHs, XPUSHu, XSRETURN,
4634 XSRETURN_IV, XSRETURN_NO, XSRETURN_NV, XSRETURN_PV, XSRETURN_UNDEF,
4635 XSRETURN_YES, XST_mIV, XST_mNO, XST_mNV, XST_mPV, XST_mUNDEF, XST_mYES
4639 svtype, SVt_IV, SVt_NV, SVt_PV, SVt_PVAV, SVt_PVCV, SVt_PVHV, SVt_PVMG
4641 =item SV Manipulation Functions
4643 get_sv, looks_like_number, newRV_inc, newRV_noinc, newSV, newSViv, newSVnv,
4644 newSVpv, newSVpvf, newSVpvn, newSVpvn_share, newSVrv, newSVsv, newSVuv,
4645 SvCUR, SvCUR_set, SvEND, SvGROW, SvIOK, SvIOKp, SvIOK_notUV, SvIOK_off,
4646 SvIOK_on, SvIOK_only, SvIOK_only_UV, SvIOK_UV, SvIsCOW,
4647 SvIsCOW_shared_hash, SvIV, SvIVx, SvIVX, SvLEN, SvNIOK, SvNIOKp,
4648 SvNIOK_off, SvNOK, SvNOKp, SvNOK_off, SvNOK_on, SvNOK_only, SvNV, SvNVX,
4649 SvNVx, SvOK, SvOOK, SvPOK, SvPOKp, SvPOK_off, SvPOK_on, SvPOK_only,
4650 SvPOK_only_UTF8, SvPV, SvPVbyte, SvPVbytex, SvPVbytex_force,
4651 SvPVbyte_force, SvPVbyte_nolen, SvPVutf8, SvPVutf8x, SvPVutf8x_force,
4652 SvPVutf8_force, SvPVutf8_nolen, SvPVx, SvPVX, SvPV_force, SvPV_force_nomg,
4653 SvPV_nolen, SvREFCNT, SvREFCNT_dec, SvREFCNT_inc, SvROK, SvROK_off,
4654 SvROK_on, SvRV, SvSTASH, SvTAINT, SvTAINTED, SvTAINTED_off, SvTAINTED_on,
4655 SvTRUE, SvTYPE, SvUNLOCK, SvUOK, SvUPGRADE, SvUTF8, SvUTF8_off, SvUTF8_on,
4656 SvUV, SvUVX, SvUVx, SvVOK, sv_2bool, sv_2cv, sv_2io, sv_2iv, sv_2mortal,
4657 sv_2nv, sv_2pvbyte, sv_2pvbyte_nolen, sv_2pvutf8, sv_2pvutf8_nolen,
4658 sv_2pv_flags, sv_2pv_nolen, sv_2uv, sv_backoff, sv_bless, sv_catpv,
4659 sv_catpvf, sv_catpvf_mg, sv_catpvn, sv_catpvn_flags, sv_catpvn_mg,
4660 sv_catpv_mg, sv_catsv, sv_catsv_flags, sv_catsv_mg, sv_chop, sv_clear,
4661 sv_cmp, sv_cmp_locale, sv_collxfrm, sv_copypv, sv_dec, sv_derived_from,
4662 sv_eq, sv_force_normal, sv_force_normal_flags, sv_free, sv_gets, sv_grow,
4663 sv_inc, sv_insert, sv_isa, sv_isobject, sv_iv, sv_len, sv_len_utf8,
4664 sv_magic, sv_magicext, sv_mortalcopy, sv_newmortal, sv_newref, sv_nv,
4665 sv_pos_b2u, sv_pos_u2b, sv_pv, sv_pvbyte, sv_pvbyten, sv_pvbyten_force,
4666 sv_pvn, sv_pvn_force, sv_pvn_force_flags, sv_pvutf8, sv_pvutf8n,
4667 sv_pvutf8n_force, sv_reftype, sv_replace, sv_report_used, sv_reset,
4668 sv_rvweaken, sv_setiv, sv_setiv_mg, sv_setnv, sv_setnv_mg, sv_setpv,
4669 sv_setpvf, sv_setpvf_mg, sv_setpviv, sv_setpviv_mg, sv_setpvn,
4670 sv_setpvn_mg, sv_setpv_mg, sv_setref_iv, sv_setref_nv, sv_setref_pv,
4671 sv_setref_pvn, sv_setref_uv, sv_setsv, sv_setsv_flags, sv_setsv_mg,
4672 sv_setuv, sv_setuv_mg, sv_taint, sv_tainted, sv_true, sv_unmagic, sv_unref,
4673 sv_unref_flags, sv_untaint, sv_upgrade, sv_usepvn, sv_usepvn_mg,
4674 sv_utf8_decode, sv_utf8_downgrade, sv_utf8_encode, sv_utf8_upgrade,
4675 sv_utf8_upgrade_flags, sv_uv, sv_vcatpvfn, sv_vsetpvfn
4677 =item Unicode Support
4679 bytes_from_utf8, bytes_to_utf8, ibcmp_utf8, is_utf8_char, is_utf8_string,
4680 pv_uni_display, sv_cat_decode, sv_recode_to_utf8, sv_uni_display,
4681 to_utf8_case, to_utf8_fold, to_utf8_lower, to_utf8_title, to_utf8_upper,
4682 utf8n_to_uvchr, utf8n_to_uvuni, utf8_distance, utf8_hop, utf8_length,
4683 utf8_to_bytes, utf8_to_uvchr, utf8_to_uvuni, uvchr_to_utf8,
4686 =item Variables created by C<xsubpp> and C<xsubpp> internal functions
4688 ax, CLASS, dAX, dITEMS, dXSARGS, dXSI32, items, ix, newXSproto, RETVAL, ST,
4689 THIS, XS, XSRETURN_EMPTY, XS_VERSION, XS_VERSION_BOOTCHECK
4691 =item Warning and Dieing
4701 =head2 perlintern - autogenerated documentation of purely B<internal>
4708 =item CV reference counts and CvOUTSIDE
4712 =item Functions in file pad.h
4714 CX_CURPAD_SAVE, CX_CURPAD_SV, PAD_BASE_SV, PAD_CLONE_VARS,
4715 PAD_COMPNAME_FLAGS, PAD_COMPNAME_GEN, PAD_COMPNAME_OURSTASH,
4716 PAD_COMPNAME_PV, PAD_COMPNAME_TYPE, PAD_DUP, PAD_RESTORE_LOCAL,
4717 PAD_SAVE_LOCAL, PAD_SAVE_SETNULLPAD, PAD_SETSV, PAD_SET_CUR, PAD_SV,
4718 PAD_SVl, SAVECLEARSV, SAVECOMPPAD, SAVEPADSV
4720 =item Functions in file pp_ctl.c
4724 =item Global Variables
4726 PL_DBsingle, PL_DBsub, PL_DBtrace, PL_dowarn, PL_last_in_gv, PL_ofs_sv,
4737 =item Pad Data Structures
4739 CvPADLIST, cv_clone, cv_dump, do_dump_pad, intro_my, pad_add_anon,
4740 pad_add_name, pad_alloc, pad_block_start, pad_check_dup, pad_findlex,
4741 pad_findmy, pad_fixup_inner_anons, pad_free, pad_leavemy, pad_new,
4742 pad_push, pad_reset, pad_setsv, pad_swipe, pad_tidy, pad_undef
4744 =item Stack Manipulation Macros
4748 =item SV Manipulation Functions
4750 report_uninit, sv_add_arena, sv_clean_all, sv_clean_objs, sv_free_arenas
4758 =head2 perliol - C API for Perl's implementation of IO in Layers.
4768 =item History and Background
4770 =item Layers vs Disciplines
4772 =item Data Structures
4774 =item Functions and Attributes
4776 =item Per-instance Data
4778 =item Layers in action.
4780 =item Per-instance flag bits
4782 PERLIO_F_EOF, PERLIO_F_CANWRITE, PERLIO_F_CANREAD, PERLIO_F_ERROR,
4783 PERLIO_F_TRUNCATE, PERLIO_F_APPEND, PERLIO_F_CRLF, PERLIO_F_UTF8,
4784 PERLIO_F_UNBUF, PERLIO_F_WRBUF, PERLIO_F_RDBUF, PERLIO_F_LINEBUF,
4785 PERLIO_F_TEMP, PERLIO_F_OPEN, PERLIO_F_FASTGETS
4787 =item Methods in Detail
4789 fsize, name, size, kind, PERLIO_K_BUFFERED, PERLIO_K_RAW, PERLIO_K_CANCRLF,
4790 PERLIO_K_FASTGETS, PERLIO_K_MULTIARG, Pushed, Popped, Open, Binmode,
4791 Getarg, Fileno, Dup, Read, Write, Seek, Tell, Close, Flush, Fill, Eof,
4792 Error, Clearerr, Setlinebuf, Get_base, Get_bufsiz, Get_ptr, Get_cnt,
4795 =item Implementing PerlIO Layers
4799 "unix", "perlio", "stdio", "crlf", "mmap", "pending", "raw", "utf8"
4801 =item Extension Layers
4803 ":encoding", ":scalar", ":via"
4811 =head2 perlapio - perl's IO abstraction interface.
4819 1. USE_STDIO, 2. USE_SFIO, 3. USE_PERLIO, B<PerlIO_stdin()>,
4820 B<PerlIO_stdout()>, B<PerlIO_stderr()>, B<PerlIO_open(path, mode)>,
4821 B<PerlIO_fdopen(fd,mode)>, B<PerlIO_reopen(path,mode,f)>,
4822 B<PerlIO_printf(f,fmt,...)>, B<PerlIO_vprintf(f,fmt,a)>,
4823 B<PerlIO_stdoutf(fmt,...)>, B<PerlIO_read(f,buf,count)>,
4824 B<PerlIO_write(f,buf,count)>, B<PerlIO_close(f)>, B<PerlIO_puts(f,s)>,
4825 B<PerlIO_putc(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_ungetc(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_getc(f)>,
4826 B<PerlIO_eof(f)>, B<PerlIO_error(f)>, B<PerlIO_fileno(f)>,
4827 B<PerlIO_clearerr(f)>, B<PerlIO_flush(f)>, B<PerlIO_seek(f,offset,whence)>,
4828 B<PerlIO_tell(f)>, B<PerlIO_getpos(f,p)>, B<PerlIO_setpos(f,p)>,
4829 B<PerlIO_rewind(f)>, B<PerlIO_tmpfile()>, B<PerlIO_setlinebuf(f)>
4833 =item Co-existence with stdio
4835 B<PerlIO_importFILE(f,mode)>, B<PerlIO_exportFILE(f,mode)>,
4836 B<PerlIO_releaseFILE(p,f)>, B<PerlIO_findFILE(f)>
4838 =item "Fast gets" Functions
4840 B<PerlIO_fast_gets(f)>, B<PerlIO_has_cntptr(f)>, B<PerlIO_get_cnt(f)>,
4841 B<PerlIO_get_ptr(f)>, B<PerlIO_set_ptrcnt(f,p,c)>, B<PerlIO_canset_cnt(f)>,
4842 B<PerlIO_set_cnt(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_has_base(f)>, B<PerlIO_get_base(f)>,
4843 B<PerlIO_get_bufsiz(f)>
4845 =item Other Functions
4847 PerlIO_apply_layers(f,mode,layers), PerlIO_binmode(f,ptype,imode,layers),
4848 'E<lt>' read, 'E<gt>' write, '+' read/write, PerlIO_debug(fmt,...)
4854 =head2 perltodo - Perl TO-DO List
4860 =item To do during 5.6.x
4864 =item Support for I/O disciplines
4866 =item Autoload bytes.pm
4868 =item Make "\u{XXXX}" et al work
4870 =item Create a char *sv_pvprintify(sv, STRLEN *lenp, UV flags)
4872 =item Overloadable regex assertions
4876 =item Work out exit/die semantics for threads
4878 =item Better support for nonpreemptive threading systems like GNU pth
4880 =item Typed lexicals for compiler
4882 =item Compiler workarounds for Win32
4884 =item AUTOLOADing in the compiler
4886 =item Fixing comppadlist when compiling
4888 =item Cleaning up exported namespace
4890 =item Complete signal handling
4892 =item Out-of-source builds
4894 =item POSIX realtime support
4896 =item UNIX98 support
4900 =item Long double conversion
4904 =item Arithmetic on non-Arabic numerals
4906 =item POSIX Unicode character classes
4908 =item Factoring out common suffices/prefices in regexps (trie optimization)
4910 =item Security audit shipped utilities
4912 =item Sort out the uid-setting mess
4914 =item Custom opcodes
4916 =item DLL Versioning
4918 =item Introduce @( and @)
4920 =item Floating point handling
4922 =item IV/UV preservation
4924 =item Replace pod2html with something using Pod::Parser
4926 =item Automate module testing on CPAN
4928 =item sendmsg and recvmsg
4930 =item Rewrite perlre documentation
4932 =item Convert example code to IO::Handle filehandles
4934 =item Document Win32 choices
4936 =item Check new modules
4938 =item Make roffitall find pods and libs itself
4942 =item To do at some point
4946 =item Remove regular expression recursion
4948 =item Memory leaks after failed eval
4950 =item bitfields in pack
4952 =item Cross compilation
4954 =item Perl preprocessor / macros
4956 =item Perl lexer in Perl
4958 =item Using POSIX calls internally
4960 =item -i rename file when changed
4962 =item All ARGV input should act like E<lt>E<gt>
4964 =item Support for rerunning debugger
4966 =item Test Suite for the Debugger
4968 =item my sub foo { }
4970 =item One-pass global destruction
4972 =item Rewrite regexp parser
4974 =item Cache recently used regexps
4976 =item Cross-compilation support
4978 =item Bit-shifting bitvectors
4980 =item debugger pragma
4982 =item use less pragma
4984 =item switch structures
4986 =item Cache eval tree
4990 =item Shrink opcode tables
4992 =item Optimize away @_
4994 =item Prototypes versus indirect objects
4998 =item Prototype method calls
5000 =item Return context prototype declarations
5004 =item Garbage collection
5008 =item Rewrite perldoc
5010 =item Install .3p manpages
5012 =item Unicode tutorial
5014 =item Update POSIX.pm for 1003.1-2
5016 =item Retargetable installation
5018 =item POSIX emulation on non-POSIX systems
5020 =item Rename Win32 headers
5022 =item Finish off lvalue functions
5024 =item Update sprintf documentation
5026 =item Use fchown/fchmod internally
5028 =item Make v-strings overloaded objects
5030 =item Allow restricted hash assignment
5032 =item Should overload be inheritable?
5036 =item Perform correctly when XSUBs call subroutines that exit via
5037 goto(LABEL) and friends
5045 =item ref() in list context
5047 =item Make tr/// return histogram of characters in list context
5049 =item Compile to real threaded code
5051 =item Structured types
5053 =item Modifiable $1 et al.
5055 =item Procedural interfaces for IO::*, etc.
5059 =item Attach/detach debugger from running program
5063 =item foreach(reverse ...)
5065 =item Constant function cache
5067 =item Approximate regular expression matching
5075 =item Update guts documentation
5077 =item Add more tests
5079 =item Update auxiliary tools
5081 =item Create debugging macros
5083 =item truncate to the people
5085 =item Unicode in Filenames
5089 =item Unicode in %ENV
5091 =item Recently done things
5095 =item Alternative RE syntax module
5097 =item Safe signal handling
5103 =item setitimer and getimiter
5105 =item Testing __DIE__ hook
5107 =item CPP equivalent in Perl
5109 =item Explicit switch statements
5117 =item perlcc to produce executable
5119 =item END blocks saved in compiled output
5121 =item Secure temporary file module
5123 =item Integrate Time::HiRes
5125 =item Turn Cwd into XS
5127 =item Mmap for input
5129 =item Byte to/from UTF8 and UTF8 to/from local conversion
5131 =item Add sockatmark support
5133 =item Mailing list archives
5137 =item Integrate MacPerl
5139 =item Web "nerve center" for Perl
5141 =item Regular expression tutorial
5143 =item Debugging Tutorial
5145 =item Integrate new modules
5147 =item Integrate profiler
5149 =item Y2K error detection
5151 =item Regular expression debugger
5155 =item "Dynamic" lexicals
5157 =item Cache precompiled modules
5161 =item Deprecated Wishes
5165 =item Loop control on do{}
5167 =item Lexically scoped typeglobs
5173 =item Generalised want()/caller())
5175 =item Named prototypes
5177 =item Built-in globbing
5179 =item Regression tests for suidperl
5181 =item Cached hash values
5183 =item Add compression modules
5185 =item Reorganise documentation into tutorials/references
5187 =item Remove distinction between functions and operators
5189 =item Make XS easier to use
5191 =item Make embedding easier to use
5195 =item my $Package::variable
5197 =item "or" tests defined, not truth
5199 =item "class"-based lexicals
5203 =item Lazy evaluation / tail recursion removal
5205 =item Make "use utf8" the default
5207 =item Unicode collation and normalization
5209 =item pack/unpack tutorial
5215 =head2 perlhack - How to hack at the Perl internals
5221 Does concept match the general goals of Perl?, Where is the
5222 implementation?, Backwards compatibility, Could it be a module instead?, Is
5223 the feature generic enough?, Does it potentially introduce new bugs?, Does
5224 it preclude other desirable features?, Is the implementation robust?, Is
5225 the implementation generic enough to be portable?, Is the implementation
5226 tested?, Is there enough documentation?, Is there another way to do it?,
5227 Does it create too much work?, Patches speak louder than words
5231 =item Keeping in sync
5233 rsync'ing the source tree, Using rsync over the LAN, Using pushing over the
5234 NFS, rsync'ing the patches
5236 =item Why rsync the source tree
5238 It's easier to rsync the source tree, It's more reliable
5240 =item Why rsync the patches
5242 It's easier to rsync the patches, It's a good reference, Finding a start
5243 point, Finding how to fix a bug, Finding the source of misbehaviour
5245 =item Perlbug administration
5247 =item Submitting patches
5249 L<perlguts>, L<perlxstut> and L<perlxs>, L<perlapi>,
5250 F<Porting/pumpkin.pod>, The perl5-porters FAQ
5252 =item Finding Your Way Around
5254 Core modules, Tests, Documentation, Configure, Interpreter
5256 =item Elements of the interpreter
5258 Startup, Parsing, Optimization, Running
5260 =item Internal Variable Types
5266 Argument stack, Mark stack, Save stack
5268 =item Millions of Macros
5270 =item The .i Targets
5272 =item Poking at Perl
5274 =item Using a source-level debugger
5276 run [args], break function_name, break source.c:xxx, step, next, continue,
5277 finish, 'enter', print
5279 =item gdb macro support
5281 =item Dumping Perl Data Structures
5285 =item Patching a core module
5287 =item Adding a new function to the core
5289 =item Writing a test
5291 F<t/base/>, F<t/cmd/>, F<t/comp/>, F<t/io/>, F<t/lib/>, F<t/op/>,
5292 F<t/pod/>, F<t/run/>, F<t/uni/>, F<t/win32/>, F<t/x2p>, t/base t/comp,
5293 t/cmd t/run t/io t/op, t/lib ext lib
5295 =item Special Make Test Targets
5297 coretest, test.deparse, minitest, test.third check.third utest.third
5298 ucheck.third, test.torture torturetest, utest ucheck test.utf8 check.utf8,
5301 =item Running tests by hand
5303 PERL_CORE=1, PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL=2, PERL, PERL_SKIP_TTY_TEST
5307 =item EXTERNAL TOOLS FOR DEBUGGING PERL
5311 =item Rational Software's Purify
5313 =item Purify on Unix
5315 -Accflags=-DPURIFY, -Doptimize='-g', -Uusemymalloc, -Dusemultiplicity
5319 DEFINES, USE_MULTI = define, #PERL_MALLOC = define, CFG = Debug
5321 =item Compaq's/Digital's/HP's Third Degree
5323 =item PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL
5327 =item Gprof Profiling
5329 -a, -b, -e routine, -f routine, -s, -z
5331 =item GCC gcov Profiling
5333 =item Pixie Profiling
5335 -h, -l, -p[rocedures], -h[eavy], -i[nvocations], -l[ines], -testcoverage,
5338 =item Miscellaneous tricks
5342 I<The Road goes ever on and on, down from the door where it began.>
5350 =head2 perldoc - Look up Perl documentation in Pod format.
5360 B<-h>, B<-v>, B<-t>, B<-u>, B<-m> I<module>, B<-l>, B<-F>, B<-f>
5361 I<perlfunc>, B<-q> I<perlfaq-search-regexp>, B<-T>, B<-d>
5362 I<destination-filename>, B<-o> I<output-formatname>, B<-M> I<module-name>,
5363 B<-w> I<option:value> or B<-w> I<option>, B<-X>,
5364 B<PageName|ModuleName|ProgramName>, B<-n> I<some-formatter>, B<-r>, B<-i>,
5375 =head2 perlhist - the Perl history records
5383 =item THE KEEPERS OF THE PUMPKIN
5395 =item SELECTED RELEASE SIZES
5397 =item SELECTED PATCH SIZES
5401 =item THE KEEPERS OF THE RECORDS
5405 =head2 perldelta - what is new for perl v5.9.0
5411 =item Incompatible Changes
5415 =item The C<$*> variable has been removed
5419 =item Core Enhancements
5423 =item Tied Arrays with Negative Array Indices
5427 =item Modules and Pragmata
5429 =item Utility Changes
5431 =item New Documentation
5433 =item Performance Enhancements
5435 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
5437 =item Selected Bug Fixes
5439 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
5441 =item Changed Internals
5445 =item Known Problems
5447 =item Platform Specific Problems
5449 =item Reporting Bugs
5455 =head2 perl58delta, perldelta - what is new for perl v5.8.0
5461 =item Highlights In 5.8.0
5463 =item Incompatible Changes
5467 =item Binary Incompatibility
5469 =item 64-bit platforms and malloc
5471 =item AIX Dynaloading
5473 =item Attributes for C<my> variables now handled at run-time
5475 =item Socket Extension Dynamic in VMS
5477 =item IEEE-format Floating Point Default on OpenVMS Alpha
5479 =item New Unicode Semantics (no more C<use utf8>, almost)
5481 =item New Unicode Properties
5483 =item REF(...) Instead Of SCALAR(...)
5485 =item pack/unpack D/F recycled
5487 =item glob() now returns filenames in alphabetical order
5493 =item Core Enhancements
5497 =item Unicode Overhaul
5499 =item PerlIO is Now The Default
5503 =item Restricted Hashes
5507 =item Understanding of Numbers
5509 =item Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings [561]
5511 =item Miscellaneous Changes
5515 =item Modules and Pragmata
5519 =item New Modules and Pragmata
5521 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
5525 =item Utility Changes
5527 =item New Documentation
5529 =item Performance Enhancements
5531 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
5535 =item Generic Improvements
5537 =item New Or Improved Platforms
5541 =item Selected Bug Fixes
5545 =item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
5549 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
5551 =item Changed Internals
5553 =item Security Vulnerability Closed [561]
5557 =item Known Problems
5561 =item The Compiler Suite Is Still Very Experimental
5563 =item Localising Tied Arrays and Hashes Is Broken
5565 =item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
5567 =item Modifying $_ Inside for(..)
5569 =item mod_perl 1.26 Doesn't Build With Threaded Perl
5571 =item lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
5573 =item libwww-perl (LWP) fails base/date #51
5575 =item PDL failing some tests
5579 =item Self-tying Problems
5581 =item ext/threads/t/libc
5583 =item Failure of Thread (5.005-style) tests
5585 =item Timing problems
5587 =item Tied/Magical Array/Hash Elements Do Not Autovivify
5589 =item Unicode in package/class and subroutine names does not work
5593 =item Platform Specific Problems
5599 =item Alpha systems with old gccs fail several tests
5605 =item Cygwin "unable to remap"
5607 =item Cygwin ndbm tests fail on FAT
5609 =item DJGPP Failures
5611 =item FreeBSD built with ithreads coredumps reading large directories
5613 =item FreeBSD Failing locale Test 117 For ISO 8859-15 Locales
5615 =item IRIX fails ext/List/Util/t/shuffle.t or Digest::MD5
5617 =item HP-UX lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails When LP64-Configured
5619 =item Linux with glibc 2.2.5 fails t/op/int subtest #6 with -Duse64bitint
5621 =item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
5625 =item Mac OS X dyld undefined symbols
5627 =item OS/2 Test Failures
5629 =item op/sprintf tests 91, 129, and 130
5635 =item Solaris x86 Fails Tests With -Duse64bitint
5637 =item SUPER-UX (NEC SX)
5639 =item Term::ReadKey not working on Win32
5651 =item XML::Parser not working
5655 =item Unicode Support on EBCDIC Still Spotty
5657 =item Seen In Perl 5.7 But Gone Now
5661 =item Reporting Bugs
5669 =head2 perl573delta - what's new for perl v5.7.3
5677 =item Reporting Bugs
5685 =head2 perl572delta - what's new for perl v5.7.2
5691 =item Security Vulnerability Closed
5693 =item Incompatible Changes
5697 =item 64-bit platforms and malloc
5699 =item AIX Dynaloading
5701 =item Socket Extension Dynamic in VMS
5703 =item Different Definition of the Unicode Character Classes \p{In...}
5709 =item Core Enhancements
5711 =item Modules and Pragmata
5715 =item New Modules and Distributions
5717 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
5721 =item Utility Changes
5723 =item New Documentation
5725 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
5729 =item New Or Improved Platforms
5731 =item Generic Improvements
5735 =item Selected Bug Fixes
5739 =item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
5743 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
5745 =item Source Code Enhancements
5749 =item MAGIC constants
5751 =item Better commented code
5753 =item Regex pre-/post-compilation items matched up
5761 =item Known Problems
5767 =item Amiga Perl Invoking Mystery
5769 =item lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
5771 =item Cygwin intermittent failures of lib/Memoize/t/expire_file 11 and 12
5773 =item HP-UX lib/io_multihomed Fails When LP64-Configured
5775 =item HP-UX lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails When LP64-Configured
5777 =item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
5781 =item op/sprintf tests 129 and 130
5783 =item Failure of Thread tests
5793 =item Localising a Tied Variable Leaks Memory
5795 =item Self-tying of Arrays and Hashes Is Forbidden
5797 =item Variable Attributes are not Currently Usable for Tieing
5799 =item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
5801 =item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental
5803 =item The Long Double Support is Still Experimental
5807 =item Reporting Bugs
5815 =head2 perl571delta - what's new for perl v5.7.1
5821 =item Security Vulnerability Closed
5823 =item Incompatible Changes
5825 =item Core Enhancements
5829 =item AUTOLOAD Is Now Lvaluable
5831 =item PerlIO is Now The Default
5833 =item Signals Are Now Safe
5837 =item Modules and Pragmata
5843 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
5847 =item Performance Enhancements
5849 =item Utility Changes
5851 =item New Documentation
5867 =item README.solaris
5871 =item Porting/repository.pod
5875 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
5879 =item New Or Improved Platforms
5881 =item Generic Improvements
5883 d_cmsghdr, d_fcntl_can_lock, d_fsync, d_getitimer, d_getpagsz, d_msghdr_s,
5884 need_va_copy, d_readv, d_recvmsg, d_sendmsg, sig_size, d_sockatmark,
5885 d_strtoq, d_u32align, d_ualarm, d_usleep
5889 =item Selected Bug Fixes
5893 =item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
5897 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
5899 =item Changed Internals
5903 =item Known Problems
5907 =item AIX vac 5.0.0.0 May Produce Buggy Code For Perl
5909 =item lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
5911 =item lib/io_multihomed Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
5913 =item Test lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
5917 =item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
5919 =item sigaction test 13 in VMS
5921 =item sprintf tests 129 and 130
5923 =item Failure of Thread tests
5925 =item Localising a Tied Variable Leaks Memory
5927 =item Self-tying of Arrays and Hashes Is Forbidden
5929 =item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
5931 =item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental
5935 =item Reporting Bugs
5943 =head2 perl570delta - what's new for perl v5.7.0
5949 =item Security Vulnerability Closed
5951 =item Incompatible Changes
5953 =item Core Enhancements
5955 =item Modules and Pragmata
5961 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
5965 =item Utility Changes
5967 =item New Documentation
5969 =item Performance Enhancements
5971 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
5975 =item Generic Improvements
5979 =item Selected Bug Fixes
5983 =item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
5987 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
5989 =item Changed Internals
5991 =item Known Problems
5995 =item Unicode Support Still Far From Perfect
5997 =item EBCDIC Still A Lost Platform
5999 =item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
6001 =item ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
6003 =item Test lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
6005 =item Long Doubles Still Don't Work In Solaris
6007 =item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
6009 =item Storable tests fail in some platforms
6011 =item Threads Are Still Experimental
6013 =item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental
6017 =item Reporting Bugs
6025 =head2 perl561delta - what's new for perl v5.6.x
6031 =item Summary of changes between 5.6.0 and 5.6.1
6035 =item Security Issues
6037 =item Core bug fixes
6039 C<UNIVERSAL::isa()>, Memory leaks, Numeric conversions, qw(a\\b), caller(),
6040 Bugs in regular expressions, "slurp" mode, Autovivification of symbolic
6041 references to special variables, Lexical warnings, Spurious warnings and
6042 errors, glob(), Tainting, sort(), #line directives, Subroutine prototypes,
6043 map(), Debugger, PERL5OPT, chop(), Unicode support, 64-bit support,
6044 Compiler, Lvalue subroutines, IO::Socket, File::Find, xsubpp, C<no
6049 =item Configuration issues
6053 =item Bundled modules
6055 B::Concise, File::Temp, Pod::LaTeX, Pod::Text::Overstrike, CGI, CPAN,
6056 Class::Struct, DB_File, Devel::Peek, File::Find, Getopt::Long, IO::Poll,
6057 IPC::Open3, Math::BigFloat, Math::Complex, Net::Ping, Opcode, Pod::Parser,
6058 Pod::Text, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Tie::RefHash, Tie::SubstrHash
6060 =item Platform-specific improvements
6062 NCR MP-RAS, NonStop-UX
6066 =item Core Enhancements
6070 =item Interpreter cloning, threads, and concurrency
6072 =item Lexically scoped warning categories
6074 =item Unicode and UTF-8 support
6076 =item Support for interpolating named characters
6078 =item "our" declarations
6080 =item Support for strings represented as a vector of ordinals
6082 =item Improved Perl version numbering system
6084 =item New syntax for declaring subroutine attributes
6086 =item File and directory handles can be autovivified
6088 =item open() with more than two arguments
6090 =item 64-bit support
6092 =item Large file support
6098 =item Enhanced support for sort() subroutines
6100 =item C<sort $coderef @foo> allowed
6102 =item File globbing implemented internally
6104 =item Support for CHECK blocks
6106 =item POSIX character class syntax [: :] supported
6108 =item Better pseudo-random number generator
6110 =item Improved C<qw//> operator
6112 =item Better worst-case behavior of hashes
6114 =item pack() format 'Z' supported
6116 =item pack() format modifier '!' supported
6118 =item pack() and unpack() support counted strings
6120 =item Comments in pack() templates
6122 =item Weak references
6124 =item Binary numbers supported
6126 =item Lvalue subroutines
6128 =item Some arrows may be omitted in calls through references
6130 =item Boolean assignment operators are legal lvalues
6132 =item exists() is supported on subroutine names
6134 =item exists() and delete() are supported on array elements
6136 =item Pseudo-hashes work better
6138 =item Automatic flushing of output buffers
6140 =item Better diagnostics on meaningless filehandle operations
6142 =item Where possible, buffered data discarded from duped input filehandle
6144 =item eof() has the same old magic as <>
6146 =item binmode() can be used to set :crlf and :raw modes
6148 =item C<-T> filetest recognizes UTF-8 encoded files as "text"
6150 =item system(), backticks and pipe open now reflect exec() failure
6152 =item Improved diagnostics
6154 =item Diagnostics follow STDERR
6156 =item More consistent close-on-exec behavior
6158 =item syswrite() ease-of-use
6160 =item Better syntax checks on parenthesized unary operators
6162 =item Bit operators support full native integer width
6164 =item Improved security features
6166 =item More functional bareword prototype (*)
6168 =item C<require> and C<do> may be overridden
6170 =item $^X variables may now have names longer than one character
6172 =item New variable $^C reflects C<-c> switch
6174 =item New variable $^V contains Perl version as a string
6176 =item Optional Y2K warnings
6178 =item Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings
6182 =item Modules and Pragmata
6188 attributes, B, Benchmark, ByteLoader, constant, charnames, Data::Dumper,
6189 DB, DB_File, Devel::DProf, Devel::Peek, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, English,
6190 Env, Fcntl, File::Compare, File::Find, File::Glob, File::Spec,
6191 File::Spec::Functions, Getopt::Long, IO, JPL, lib, Math::BigInt,
6192 Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Pod::Parser, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Checker,
6193 podchecker, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Find, Pod::Select, podselect, Pod::Usage,
6194 pod2usage, Pod::Text and Pod::Man, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Sys::Hostname,
6195 Term::ANSIColor, Time::Local, Win32, XSLoader, DBM Filters
6201 =item Utility Changes
6215 =item The Perl Debugger
6219 =item Improved Documentation
6221 perlapi.pod, perlboot.pod, perlcompile.pod, perldbmfilter.pod,
6222 perldebug.pod, perldebguts.pod, perlfork.pod, perlfilter.pod, perlhack.pod,
6223 perlintern.pod, perllexwarn.pod, perlnumber.pod, perlopentut.pod,
6224 perlreftut.pod, perltootc.pod, perltodo.pod, perlunicode.pod
6226 =item Performance enhancements
6230 =item Simple sort() using { $a <=> $b } and the like are optimized
6232 =item Optimized assignments to lexical variables
6234 =item Faster subroutine calls
6236 =item delete(), each(), values() and hash iteration are faster
6240 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
6244 =item -Dusethreads means something different
6246 =item New Configure flags
6248 =item Threadedness and 64-bitness now more daring
6254 =item -Duselargefiles
6256 =item installusrbinperl
6262 =item Enhanced Installation Directories
6264 =item gcc automatically tried if 'cc' does not seem to be working
6268 =item Platform specific changes
6272 =item Supported platforms
6276 =item OS390 (OpenEdition MVS)
6284 =item Significant bug fixes
6288 =item <HANDLE> on empty files
6290 =item C<eval '...'> improvements
6292 =item All compilation errors are true errors
6294 =item Implicitly closed filehandles are safer
6296 =item Behavior of list slices is more consistent
6298 =item C<(\$)> prototype and C<$foo{a}>
6300 =item C<goto &sub> and AUTOLOAD
6302 =item C<-bareword> allowed under C<use integer>
6304 =item Failures in DESTROY()
6306 =item Locale bugs fixed
6310 =item Spurious subroutine stubs after failed subroutine calls
6312 =item Taint failures under C<-U>
6314 =item END blocks and the C<-c> switch
6316 =item Potential to leak DATA filehandles
6320 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
6322 "%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same %s, "my sub" not yet
6323 implemented, "our" variable %s redeclared, '!' allowed only after types %s,
6324 / cannot take a count, / must be followed by a, A or Z, / must be followed
6325 by a*, A* or Z*, / must follow a numeric type, /%s/: Unrecognized escape
6326 \\%c passed through, /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c in character class
6327 passed through, /%s/ should probably be written as "%s", %s() called too
6328 early to check prototype, %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element, %s
6329 argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or slice, %s argument is not a
6330 subroutine name, %s package attribute may clash with future reserved word:
6331 %s, (in cleanup) %s, <> should be quotes, Attempt to join self, Bad evalled
6332 substitution pattern, Bad realloc() ignored, Bareword found in conditional,
6333 Binary number > 0b11111111111111111111111111111111 non-portable, Bit vector
6334 size > 32 non-portable, Buffer overflow in prime_env_iter: %s, Can't check
6335 filesystem of script "%s", Can't declare class for non-scalar %s in "%s",
6336 Can't declare %s in "%s", Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default,
6337 Can't modify non-lvalue subroutine call, Can't read CRTL environ, Can't
6338 remove %s: %s, skipping file, Can't return %s from lvalue subroutine, Can't
6339 weaken a nonreference, Character class [:%s:] unknown, Character class
6340 syntax [%s] belongs inside character classes, Constant is not %s reference,
6341 constant(%s): %s, CORE::%s is not a keyword, defined(@array) is deprecated,
6342 defined(%hash) is deprecated, Did not produce a valid header, (Did you mean
6343 "local" instead of "our"?), Document contains no data, entering effective
6344 %s failed, false [] range "%s" in regexp, Filehandle %s opened only for
6345 output, flock() on closed filehandle %s, Global symbol "%s" requires
6346 explicit package name, Hexadecimal number > 0xffffffff non-portable,
6347 Ill-formed CRTL environ value "%s", Ill-formed message in prime_env_iter:
6348 |%s|, Illegal binary digit %s, Illegal binary digit %s ignored, Illegal
6349 number of bits in vec, Integer overflow in %s number, Invalid %s attribute:
6350 %s, Invalid %s attributes: %s, invalid [] range "%s" in regexp, Invalid
6351 separator character %s in attribute list, Invalid separator character %s in
6352 subroutine attribute list, leaving effective %s failed, Lvalue subs
6353 returning %s not implemented yet, Method %s not permitted, Missing
6354 %sbrace%s on \N{}, Missing command in piped open, Missing name in "my sub",
6355 No %s specified for -%c, No package name allowed for variable %s in "our",
6356 No space allowed after -%c, no UTC offset information; assuming local time
6357 is UTC, Octal number > 037777777777 non-portable, panic: del_backref,
6358 panic: kid popen errno read, panic: magic_killbackrefs, Parentheses missing
6359 around "%s" list, Possible unintended interpolation of %s in string,
6360 Possible Y2K bug: %s, pragma "attrs" is deprecated, use "sub NAME : ATTRS"
6361 instead, Premature end of script headers, Repeat count in pack overflows,
6362 Repeat count in unpack overflows, realloc() of freed memory ignored,
6363 Reference is already weak, setpgrp can't take arguments, Strange *+?{} on
6364 zero-length expression, switching effective %s is not implemented, This
6365 Perl can't reset CRTL environ elements (%s), This Perl can't set CRTL
6366 environ elements (%s=%s), Too late to run %s block, Unknown open() mode
6367 '%s', Unknown process %x sent message to prime_env_iter: %s, Unrecognized
6368 escape \\%c passed through, Unterminated attribute parameter in attribute
6369 list, Unterminated attribute list, Unterminated attribute parameter in
6370 subroutine attribute list, Unterminated subroutine attribute list, Value of
6371 CLI symbol "%s" too long, Version number must be a constant number
6375 =item Incompatible Changes
6379 =item Perl Source Incompatibilities
6381 CHECK is a new keyword, Treatment of list slices of undef has changed,
6382 Format of $English::PERL_VERSION is different, Literals of the form
6383 C<1.2.3> parse differently, Possibly changed pseudo-random number
6384 generator, Hashing function for hash keys has changed, C<undef> fails on
6385 read only values, Close-on-exec bit may be set on pipe and socket handles,
6386 Writing C<"$$1"> to mean C<"${$}1"> is unsupported, delete(), each(),
6387 values() and C<\(%h)>, vec(EXPR,OFFSET,BITS) enforces powers-of-two BITS,
6388 Text of some diagnostic output has changed, C<%@> has been removed,
6389 Parenthesized not() behaves like a list operator, Semantics of bareword
6390 prototype C<(*)> have changed, Semantics of bit operators may have changed
6391 on 64-bit platforms, More builtins taint their results
6393 =item C Source Incompatibilities
6395 C<PERL_POLLUTE>, C<PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT>, C<PERL_POLLUTE_MALLOC>
6397 =item Compatible C Source API Changes
6399 C<PATCHLEVEL> is now C<PERL_VERSION>
6401 =item Binary Incompatibilities
6405 =item Known Problems
6409 =item Localizing a tied hash element may leak memory
6411 =item Known test failures
6413 =item EBCDIC platforms not fully supported
6415 =item UNICOS/mk CC failures during Configure run
6417 =item Arrow operator and arrays
6419 =item Experimental features
6421 Threads, Unicode, 64-bit support, Lvalue subroutines, Weak references, The
6422 pseudo-hash data type, The Compiler suite, Internal implementation of file
6423 globbing, The DB module, The regular expression code constructs:
6427 =item Obsolete Diagnostics
6429 Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Ill-formed
6430 logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter, In string, @%s now must be written as
6431 \@%s, Probable precedence problem on %s, regexp too big, Use of "$$<digit>"
6432 to mean "${$}<digit>" is deprecated
6434 =item Reporting Bugs
6442 =head2 perl56delta - what's new for perl v5.6.0
6448 =item Core Enhancements
6452 =item Interpreter cloning, threads, and concurrency
6454 =item Lexically scoped warning categories
6456 =item Unicode and UTF-8 support
6458 =item Support for interpolating named characters
6460 =item "our" declarations
6462 =item Support for strings represented as a vector of ordinals
6464 =item Improved Perl version numbering system
6466 =item New syntax for declaring subroutine attributes
6468 =item File and directory handles can be autovivified
6470 =item open() with more than two arguments
6472 =item 64-bit support
6474 =item Large file support
6480 =item Enhanced support for sort() subroutines
6482 =item C<sort $coderef @foo> allowed
6484 =item File globbing implemented internally
6486 =item Support for CHECK blocks
6488 =item POSIX character class syntax [: :] supported
6490 =item Better pseudo-random number generator
6492 =item Improved C<qw//> operator
6494 =item Better worst-case behavior of hashes
6496 =item pack() format 'Z' supported
6498 =item pack() format modifier '!' supported
6500 =item pack() and unpack() support counted strings
6502 =item Comments in pack() templates
6504 =item Weak references
6506 =item Binary numbers supported
6508 =item Lvalue subroutines
6510 =item Some arrows may be omitted in calls through references
6512 =item Boolean assignment operators are legal lvalues
6514 =item exists() is supported on subroutine names
6516 =item exists() and delete() are supported on array elements
6518 =item Pseudo-hashes work better
6520 =item Automatic flushing of output buffers
6522 =item Better diagnostics on meaningless filehandle operations
6524 =item Where possible, buffered data discarded from duped input filehandle
6526 =item eof() has the same old magic as <>
6528 =item binmode() can be used to set :crlf and :raw modes
6530 =item C<-T> filetest recognizes UTF-8 encoded files as "text"
6532 =item system(), backticks and pipe open now reflect exec() failure
6534 =item Improved diagnostics
6536 =item Diagnostics follow STDERR
6538 =item More consistent close-on-exec behavior
6540 =item syswrite() ease-of-use
6542 =item Better syntax checks on parenthesized unary operators
6544 =item Bit operators support full native integer width
6546 =item Improved security features
6548 =item More functional bareword prototype (*)
6550 =item C<require> and C<do> may be overridden
6552 =item $^X variables may now have names longer than one character
6554 =item New variable $^C reflects C<-c> switch
6556 =item New variable $^V contains Perl version as a string
6558 =item Optional Y2K warnings
6560 =item Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings
6564 =item Modules and Pragmata
6570 attributes, B, Benchmark, ByteLoader, constant, charnames, Data::Dumper,
6571 DB, DB_File, Devel::DProf, Devel::Peek, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, English,
6572 Env, Fcntl, File::Compare, File::Find, File::Glob, File::Spec,
6573 File::Spec::Functions, Getopt::Long, IO, JPL, lib, Math::BigInt,
6574 Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Pod::Parser, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Checker,
6575 podchecker, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Find, Pod::Select, podselect, Pod::Usage,
6576 pod2usage, Pod::Text and Pod::Man, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Sys::Hostname,
6577 Term::ANSIColor, Time::Local, Win32, XSLoader, DBM Filters
6583 =item Utility Changes
6597 =item The Perl Debugger
6601 =item Improved Documentation
6603 perlapi.pod, perlboot.pod, perlcompile.pod, perldbmfilter.pod,
6604 perldebug.pod, perldebguts.pod, perlfork.pod, perlfilter.pod, perlhack.pod,
6605 perlintern.pod, perllexwarn.pod, perlnumber.pod, perlopentut.pod,
6606 perlreftut.pod, perltootc.pod, perltodo.pod, perlunicode.pod
6608 =item Performance enhancements
6612 =item Simple sort() using { $a <=> $b } and the like are optimized
6614 =item Optimized assignments to lexical variables
6616 =item Faster subroutine calls
6618 =item delete(), each(), values() and hash iteration are faster
6622 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
6626 =item -Dusethreads means something different
6628 =item New Configure flags
6630 =item Threadedness and 64-bitness now more daring
6636 =item -Duselargefiles
6638 =item installusrbinperl
6644 =item Enhanced Installation Directories
6648 =item Platform specific changes
6652 =item Supported platforms
6656 =item OS390 (OpenEdition MVS)
6664 =item Significant bug fixes
6668 =item <HANDLE> on empty files
6670 =item C<eval '...'> improvements
6672 =item All compilation errors are true errors
6674 =item Implicitly closed filehandles are safer
6676 =item Behavior of list slices is more consistent
6678 =item C<(\$)> prototype and C<$foo{a}>
6680 =item C<goto &sub> and AUTOLOAD
6682 =item C<-bareword> allowed under C<use integer>
6684 =item Failures in DESTROY()
6686 =item Locale bugs fixed
6690 =item Spurious subroutine stubs after failed subroutine calls
6692 =item Taint failures under C<-U>
6694 =item END blocks and the C<-c> switch
6696 =item Potential to leak DATA filehandles
6700 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
6702 "%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same %s, "my sub" not yet
6703 implemented, "our" variable %s redeclared, '!' allowed only after types %s,
6704 / cannot take a count, / must be followed by a, A or Z, / must be followed
6705 by a*, A* or Z*, / must follow a numeric type, /%s/: Unrecognized escape
6706 \\%c passed through, /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c in character class
6707 passed through, /%s/ should probably be written as "%s", %s() called too
6708 early to check prototype, %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element, %s
6709 argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or slice, %s argument is not a
6710 subroutine name, %s package attribute may clash with future reserved word:
6711 %s, (in cleanup) %s, <> should be quotes, Attempt to join self, Bad evalled
6712 substitution pattern, Bad realloc() ignored, Bareword found in conditional,
6713 Binary number > 0b11111111111111111111111111111111 non-portable, Bit vector
6714 size > 32 non-portable, Buffer overflow in prime_env_iter: %s, Can't check
6715 filesystem of script "%s", Can't declare class for non-scalar %s in "%s",
6716 Can't declare %s in "%s", Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default,
6717 Can't modify non-lvalue subroutine call, Can't read CRTL environ, Can't
6718 remove %s: %s, skipping file, Can't return %s from lvalue subroutine, Can't
6719 weaken a nonreference, Character class [:%s:] unknown, Character class
6720 syntax [%s] belongs inside character classes, Constant is not %s reference,
6721 constant(%s): %s, CORE::%s is not a keyword, defined(@array) is deprecated,
6722 defined(%hash) is deprecated, Did not produce a valid header, (Did you mean
6723 "local" instead of "our"?), Document contains no data, entering effective
6724 %s failed, false [] range "%s" in regexp, Filehandle %s opened only for
6725 output, flock() on closed filehandle %s, Global symbol "%s" requires
6726 explicit package name, Hexadecimal number > 0xffffffff non-portable,
6727 Ill-formed CRTL environ value "%s", Ill-formed message in prime_env_iter:
6728 |%s|, Illegal binary digit %s, Illegal binary digit %s ignored, Illegal
6729 number of bits in vec, Integer overflow in %s number, Invalid %s attribute:
6730 %s, Invalid %s attributes: %s, invalid [] range "%s" in regexp, Invalid
6731 separator character %s in attribute list, Invalid separator character %s in
6732 subroutine attribute list, leaving effective %s failed, Lvalue subs
6733 returning %s not implemented yet, Method %s not permitted, Missing
6734 %sbrace%s on \N{}, Missing command in piped open, Missing name in "my sub",
6735 No %s specified for -%c, No package name allowed for variable %s in "our",
6736 No space allowed after -%c, no UTC offset information; assuming local time
6737 is UTC, Octal number > 037777777777 non-portable, panic: del_backref,
6738 panic: kid popen errno read, panic: magic_killbackrefs, Parentheses missing
6739 around "%s" list, Possible unintended interpolation of %s in string,
6740 Possible Y2K bug: %s, pragma "attrs" is deprecated, use "sub NAME : ATTRS"
6741 instead, Premature end of script headers, Repeat count in pack overflows,
6742 Repeat count in unpack overflows, realloc() of freed memory ignored,
6743 Reference is already weak, setpgrp can't take arguments, Strange *+?{} on
6744 zero-length expression, switching effective %s is not implemented, This
6745 Perl can't reset CRTL environ elements (%s), This Perl can't set CRTL
6746 environ elements (%s=%s), Too late to run %s block, Unknown open() mode
6747 '%s', Unknown process %x sent message to prime_env_iter: %s, Unrecognized
6748 escape \\%c passed through, Unterminated attribute parameter in attribute
6749 list, Unterminated attribute list, Unterminated attribute parameter in
6750 subroutine attribute list, Unterminated subroutine attribute list, Value of
6751 CLI symbol "%s" too long, Version number must be a constant number
6755 =item Incompatible Changes
6759 =item Perl Source Incompatibilities
6761 CHECK is a new keyword, Treatment of list slices of undef has changed,
6762 Format of $English::PERL_VERSION is different, Literals of the form
6763 C<1.2.3> parse differently, Possibly changed pseudo-random number
6764 generator, Hashing function for hash keys has changed, C<undef> fails on
6765 read only values, Close-on-exec bit may be set on pipe and socket handles,
6766 Writing C<"$$1"> to mean C<"${$}1"> is unsupported, delete(), each(),
6767 values() and C<\(%h)>, vec(EXPR,OFFSET,BITS) enforces powers-of-two BITS,
6768 Text of some diagnostic output has changed, C<%@> has been removed,
6769 Parenthesized not() behaves like a list operator, Semantics of bareword
6770 prototype C<(*)> have changed, Semantics of bit operators may have changed
6771 on 64-bit platforms, More builtins taint their results
6773 =item C Source Incompatibilities
6775 C<PERL_POLLUTE>, C<PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT>, C<PERL_POLLUTE_MALLOC>
6777 =item Compatible C Source API Changes
6779 C<PATCHLEVEL> is now C<PERL_VERSION>
6781 =item Binary Incompatibilities
6785 =item Known Problems
6789 =item Thread test failures
6791 =item EBCDIC platforms not supported
6793 =item In 64-bit HP-UX the lib/io_multihomed test may hang
6795 =item NEXTSTEP 3.3 POSIX test failure
6797 =item Tru64 (aka Digital UNIX, aka DEC OSF/1) lib/sdbm test failure with
6800 =item UNICOS/mk CC failures during Configure run
6802 =item Arrow operator and arrays
6804 =item Experimental features
6806 Threads, Unicode, 64-bit support, Lvalue subroutines, Weak references, The
6807 pseudo-hash data type, The Compiler suite, Internal implementation of file
6808 globbing, The DB module, The regular expression code constructs:
6812 =item Obsolete Diagnostics
6814 Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Ill-formed
6815 logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter, In string, @%s now must be written as
6816 \@%s, Probable precedence problem on %s, regexp too big, Use of "$$<digit>"
6817 to mean "${$}<digit>" is deprecated
6819 =item Reporting Bugs
6827 =head2 perl5005delta - what's new for perl5.005
6833 =item About the new versioning system
6835 =item Incompatible Changes
6839 =item WARNING: This version is not binary compatible with Perl 5.004.
6841 =item Default installation structure has changed
6843 =item Perl Source Compatibility
6845 =item C Source Compatibility
6847 =item Binary Compatibility
6849 =item Security fixes may affect compatibility
6851 =item Relaxed new mandatory warnings introduced in 5.004
6865 =item Regular Expressions
6867 Many new and improved optimizations, Many bug fixes, New regular expression
6868 constructs, New operator for precompiled regular expressions, Other
6869 improvements, Incompatible changes
6871 =item Improved malloc()
6873 =item Quicksort is internally implemented
6875 =item Reliable signals
6877 =item Reliable stack pointers
6879 =item More generous treatment of carriage returns
6883 =item Better support for multiple interpreters
6885 =item Behavior of local() on array and hash elements is now well-defined
6887 =item C<%!> is transparently tied to the L<Errno> module
6889 =item Pseudo-hashes are supported
6891 =item C<EXPR foreach EXPR> is supported
6893 =item Keywords can be globally overridden
6895 =item C<$^E> is meaningful on Win32
6897 =item C<foreach (1..1000000)> optimized
6899 =item C<Foo::> can be used as implicitly quoted package name
6901 =item C<exists $Foo::{Bar::}> tests existence of a package
6903 =item Better locale support
6905 =item Experimental support for 64-bit platforms
6907 =item prototype() returns useful results on builtins
6909 =item Extended support for exception handling
6911 =item Re-blessing in DESTROY() supported for chaining DESTROY() methods
6913 =item All C<printf> format conversions are handled internally
6915 =item New C<INIT> keyword
6917 =item New C<lock> keyword
6919 =item New C<qr//> operator
6921 =item C<our> is now a reserved word
6923 =item Tied arrays are now fully supported
6925 =item Tied handles support is better
6927 =item 4th argument to substr
6929 =item Negative LENGTH argument to splice
6931 =item Magic lvalues are now more magical
6933 =item <> now reads in records
6937 =item Supported Platforms
6943 =item Changes in existing support
6947 =item Modules and Pragmata
6953 B, Data::Dumper, Dumpvalue, Errno, File::Spec, ExtUtils::Installed,
6954 ExtUtils::Packlist, Fatal, IPC::SysV, Test, Tie::Array, Tie::Handle,
6955 Thread, attrs, fields, re
6957 =item Changes in existing modules
6959 Benchmark, Carp, CGI, Fcntl, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, POSIX, DB_File,
6960 MakeMaker, CPAN, Cwd
6964 =item Utility Changes
6966 =item Documentation Changes
6968 =item New Diagnostics
6970 Ambiguous call resolved as CORE::%s(), qualify as such or use &, Bad index
6971 while coercing array into hash, Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent
6972 package, Can't call method "%s" on an undefined value, Can't check
6973 filesystem of script "%s" for nosuid, Can't coerce array into hash, Can't
6974 goto subroutine from an eval-string, Can't localize pseudo-hash element,
6975 Can't use %%! because Errno.pm is not available, Cannot find an opnumber
6976 for "%s", Character class syntax [. .] is reserved for future extensions,
6977 Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Character
6978 class syntax [= =] is reserved for future extensions, %s: Eval-group in
6979 insecure regular expression, %s: Eval-group not allowed, use re 'eval', %s:
6980 Eval-group not allowed at run time, Explicit blessing to '' (assuming
6981 package main), Illegal hex digit ignored, No such array field, No such
6982 field "%s" in variable %s of type %s, Out of memory during ridiculously
6983 large request, Range iterator outside integer range, Recursive inheritance
6984 detected while looking for method '%s' %s, Reference found where even-sized
6985 list expected, Undefined value assigned to typeglob, Use of reserved word
6986 "%s" is deprecated, perl: warning: Setting locale failed
6988 =item Obsolete Diagnostics
6990 Can't mktemp(), Can't write to temp file for B<-e>: %s, Cannot open
6991 temporary file, regexp too big
6993 =item Configuration Changes
7003 =head2 perl5004delta - what's new for perl5.004
7009 =item Supported Environments
7015 =item List assignment to %ENV works
7017 =item Change to "Can't locate Foo.pm in @INC" error
7019 =item Compilation option: Binary compatibility with 5.003
7021 =item $PERL5OPT environment variable
7023 =item Limitations on B<-M>, B<-m>, and B<-T> options
7025 =item More precise warnings
7027 =item Deprecated: Inherited C<AUTOLOAD> for non-methods
7029 =item Previously deprecated %OVERLOAD is no longer usable
7031 =item Subroutine arguments created only when they're modified
7033 =item Group vector changeable with C<$)>
7035 =item Fixed parsing of $$<digit>, &$<digit>, etc.
7037 =item Fixed localization of $<digit>, $&, etc.
7039 =item No resetting of $. on implicit close
7041 =item C<wantarray> may return undef
7043 =item C<eval EXPR> determines value of EXPR in scalar context
7045 =item Changes to tainting checks
7047 No glob() or <*>, No spawning if tainted $CDPATH, $ENV, $BASH_ENV, No
7048 spawning if tainted $TERM doesn't look like a terminal name
7050 =item New Opcode module and revised Safe module
7052 =item Embedding improvements
7054 =item Internal change: FileHandle class based on IO::* classes
7056 =item Internal change: PerlIO abstraction interface
7058 =item New and changed syntax
7062 =item New and changed builtin constants
7066 =item New and changed builtin variables
7070 =item New and changed builtin functions
7072 delete on slices, flock, printf and sprintf, keys as an lvalue, my() in
7073 Control Structures, pack() and unpack(), sysseek(), use VERSION, use Module
7074 VERSION LIST, prototype(FUNCTION), srand, $_ as Default, C<m//gc> does not
7075 reset search position on failure, C<m//x> ignores whitespace before ?*+{},
7076 nested C<sub{}> closures work now, formats work right on changing lexicals
7078 =item New builtin methods
7080 isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] )
7082 =item TIEHANDLE now supported
7084 TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this, LIST, READ this
7085 LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, DESTROY this
7087 =item Malloc enhancements
7089 -DPERL_EMERGENCY_SBRK, -DPACK_MALLOC, -DTWO_POT_OPTIMIZE
7091 =item Miscellaneous efficiency enhancements
7095 =item Support for More Operating Systems
7111 use autouse MODULE => qw(sub1 sub2 sub3), use blib, use blib 'dir', use
7112 constant NAME => VALUE, use locale, use ops, use vmsish
7118 =item Required Updates
7120 =item Installation directories
7122 =item Module information summary
7136 =item Object-oriented overrides for builtin operators
7140 =item Utility Changes
7146 Sends converted HTML to standard output
7150 C<void> XSUBs now default to returning nothing
7154 =item C Language API Changes
7156 C<gv_fetchmethod> and C<perl_call_sv>, C<perl_eval_pv>, Extended API for
7159 =item Documentation Changes
7161 L<perldelta>, L<perlfaq>, L<perllocale>, L<perltoot>, L<perlapio>,
7162 L<perlmodlib>, L<perldebug>, L<perlsec>
7164 =item New Diagnostics
7166 "my" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same scope, %s argument is
7167 not a HASH element or slice, Allocation too large: %lx, Allocation too
7168 large, Applying %s to %s will act on scalar(%s), Attempt to free
7169 nonexistent shared string, Attempt to use reference as lvalue in substr,
7170 Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent package, Can't redefine active sort
7171 subroutine %s, Can't use bareword ("%s") as %s ref while "strict refs" in
7172 use, Cannot resolve method `%s' overloading `%s' in package `%s', Constant
7173 subroutine %s redefined, Constant subroutine %s undefined, Copy method did
7174 not return a reference, Died, Exiting pseudo-block via %s, Identifier too
7175 long, Illegal character %s (carriage return), Illegal switch in PERL5OPT:
7176 %s, Integer overflow in hex number, Integer overflow in octal number,
7177 internal error: glob failed, Invalid conversion in %s: "%s", Invalid type
7178 in pack: '%s', Invalid type in unpack: '%s', Name "%s::%s" used only once:
7179 possible typo, Null picture in formline, Offset outside string, Out of
7180 memory!, Out of memory during request for %s, panic: frexp, Possible
7181 attempt to put comments in qw() list, Possible attempt to separate words
7182 with commas, Scalar value @%s{%s} better written as $%s{%s}, Stub found
7183 while resolving method `%s' overloading `%s' in %s, Too late for "B<-T>"
7184 option, untie attempted while %d inner references still exist, Unrecognized
7185 character %s, Unsupported function fork, Use of "$$<digit>" to mean
7186 "${$}<digit>" is deprecated, Value of %s can be "0"; test with defined(),
7187 Variable "%s" may be unavailable, Variable "%s" will not stay shared,
7188 Warning: something's wrong, Ill-formed logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter,
7189 Got an error from DosAllocMem, Malformed PERLLIB_PREFIX, PERL_SH_DIR too
7190 long, Process terminated by SIG%s
7200 =head2 perlartistic -- the Perl Artistic License
7208 =item The "Artistic License"
7216 "Package", "Standard Version", "Copyright Holder", "You", "Reasonable
7217 copying fee", "Freely Available"
7221 a), b), c), d), a), b), c), d)
7227 =head2 perlgpl -- the GNU Public General Public License, version 2
7239 =item GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
7243 =head2 perlaix, README.aix - Perl version 5 on IBM Unix (AIX) systems
7251 =item Compiling Perl 5 on AIX
7255 =item Building Dynamic Extensions on AIX
7257 =item The IBM ANSI C Compiler
7259 =item Using GNU's gcc for building perl
7261 =item Using Large Files with Perl
7267 =item AIX 4.2 and extensions using C++ with statics
7277 =head2 perlapollo, README.apollo - Perl version 5 on Apollo DomainOS
7287 =head2 perlamiga - Perl under Amiga OS
7303 =item Prerequisites for Compiling Perl on AmigaOS
7305 B<Unix emulation for AmigaOS: ixemul.library>, B<Version of Amiga OS>
7307 =item Starting Perl programs under AmigaOS
7309 =item Shortcomings of Perl under AmigaOS
7315 =item Accessing documentation
7319 =item Manpages for Perl on AmigaOS
7321 =item Perl HTML Documentation on AmigaOS
7323 =item Perl GNU Info Files on AmigaOS
7325 =item Perl LaTeX Documentation on AmigaOS
7329 =item BUILDING PERL ON AMIGAOS
7333 =item Build Prerequisites for Perl on AmigaOS
7335 =item Getting the Perl Source for AmigaOS
7337 =item Making Perl on AmigaOS
7339 =item Testing Perl on AmigaOS
7341 =item Installing the built Perl on AmigaOS
7345 =item PERL 5.8.0 BROKEN IN AMIGAOS
7353 =head2 perlbeos, README.beos - Perl version 5 on BeOS
7361 =item General Issues with Perl on BeOS
7363 =item BeOS Release-specific Notes
7367 =item Contact Information
7369 =item Update 2002-05-30
7375 =head2 perlbs2000, README.BS2000 - building and installing Perl for BS2000.
7385 =item gzip on BS2000
7387 =item bison on BS2000
7389 =item Unpacking Perl Distribution on BS2000
7391 =item Compiling Perl on BS2000
7393 =item Testing Perl on BS2000
7395 =item Installing Perl on BS2000
7397 =item Using Perl in the Posix-Shell of BS2000
7399 =item Using Perl in "native" BS2000
7401 =item Floating point anomalies on BS2000
7431 Microsoft Embedded Visual Tools, Microsoft Visual C++, Rainer Keuchel's
7432 celib-sources, Rainer Keuchel's console-sources
7436 go to ./wince subdirectory, edit file compile.bat, run compile.bat, run
7441 =item Acknowledgements
7447 =head2 perlcygwin, README.cygwin - Perl for Cygwin
7453 =item PREREQUISITES FOR COMPILING PERL ON CYGWIN
7457 =item Cygwin = GNU+Cygnus+Windows (Don't leave UNIX without it)
7459 =item Cygwin Configuration
7461 C<PATH>, I<nroff>, Permissions
7465 =item CONFIGURE PERL ON CYGWIN
7469 =item Stripping Perl Binaries on Cygwin
7471 =item Optional Libraries for Perl on Cygwin
7473 C<-lcrypt>, C<-lgdbm> (C<use GDBM_File>), C<-ldb> (C<use DB_File>),
7474 C<-lcygipc> (C<use IPC::SysV>), C<-lutil>
7476 =item Configure-time Options for Perl on Cygwin
7478 C<-Uusedl>, C<-Uusemymalloc>, C<-Uuseperlio>, C<-Dusemultiplicity>,
7479 C<-Duse64bitint>, C<-Duselongdouble>, C<-Dusethreads>, C<-Duselargefiles>,
7482 =item Suspicious Warnings on Cygwin
7484 I<dlsym()>, Win9x and C<d_eofnblk>, Compiler/Preprocessor defines
7488 =item MAKE ON CYGWIN
7492 =item Warnings on Cygwin
7498 =item TEST ON CYGWIN
7502 =item File Permissions on Cygwin
7504 =item NDBM_File and ODBM_File do not work on FAT filesystems
7506 =item C<fork()> failures in io_* tests
7508 =item Script Portability on Cygwin
7510 Pathnames, Text/Binary, PerlIO, F<.exe>, C<chown()>, Miscellaneous
7514 =item INSTALL PERL ON CYGWIN
7516 =item MANIFEST ON CYGWIN
7518 Documentation, Build, Configure, Make, Install, Tests, Compiled Perl
7519 Source, Compiled Module Source, Perl Modules/Scripts
7521 =item BUGS ON CYGWIN
7529 =head2 perldgux - Perl under DG/UX.
7541 =item BUILDING PERL ON DG/UX
7545 =item Non-threaded Perl on DG/UX
7547 =item Threaded Perl on DG/UX
7549 =item Testing Perl on DG/UX
7551 =item Installing the built perl on DG/UX
7561 =head2 perldos - Perl under DOS, W31, W95.
7571 =item Prerequisites for Compiling Perl on DOS
7575 =item Shortcomings of Perl under DOS
7577 =item Building Perl on DOS
7579 =item Testing Perl on DOS
7581 =item Installation of Perl on DOS
7585 =item BUILDING AND INSTALLING MODULES ON DOS
7589 =item Building Prerequisites for Perl on DOS
7591 =item Unpacking CPAN Modules on DOS
7593 =item Building Non-XS Modules on DOS
7595 =item Building XS Modules on DOS
7605 =head2 perlepoc, README.epoc - Perl for EPOC
7613 =item INSTALLING PERL ON EPOC
7615 =item STARTING PERL ON EPOC
7619 =item Editors on Epoc
7621 =item Features of Perl on Epoc
7623 =item Restrictions of Perl on Epoc
7625 =item Compiling Perl 5 on the EPOC cross compiling environment
7629 =item SUPPORT STATUS OF PERL ON EPOC
7637 =head2 perlfreebsd, README.freebsd - Perl version 5 on FreeBSD systems
7645 =item FreeBSD core dumps from readdir_r with ithreads
7647 =item $^X doesn't always contain a full path in FreeBSD
7649 =item Perl will no longer be part of "base FreeBSD"
7657 =head2 perlhpux, README.hpux - Perl version 5 on Hewlett-Packard Unix
7666 =item Using perl as shipped with HP-UX
7668 =item Using perl from HP's porting centre
7670 =item Compiling Perl 5 on HP-UX
7682 =item Portability Between PA-RISC Versions
7684 =item Itanium Processor Family and HP-UX
7686 =item Building Dynamic Extensions on HP-UX
7688 =item The HP ANSI C Compiler
7690 =item The GNU C Compiler
7692 =item Using Large Files with Perl on HP-UX
7694 =item Threaded Perl on HP-UX
7696 =item 64-bit Perl on HP-UX
7698 =item Oracle on HP-UX
7700 =item GDBM and Threads on HP-UX
7702 =item NFS filesystems and utime(2) on HP-UX
7704 =item perl -P and // and HP-UX
7706 =item HP-UX Kernel Parameters (maxdsiz) for Compiling Perl
7710 =item nss_delete core dump from op/pwent or op/grent
7718 =head2 perlhurd, README.hurd - Perl version 5 on Hurd
7726 =item Known Problems with Perl on Hurd
7734 =head2 perlirix, README.irix - Perl version 5 on Irix systems
7742 =item Building 32-bit Perl in Irix
7744 =item Building 64-bit Perl in Irix
7746 =item About Compiler Versions of Irix
7748 =item Linker Problems in Irix
7750 =item Malloc in Irix
7752 =item Building with threads in Irix
7762 =head2 perlmachten, README.machten - Perl version 5 on Power MachTen
7771 =item Compiling Perl 5 on MachTen
7773 =item Failures during C<make test> on MachTen
7775 op/lexassign.t, pragma/warnings.t
7777 =item Building external modules on MachTen
7787 =head2 perlmacos, README.macos - Perl under Mac OS (Classic)
7801 =head2 perlmacosx, README.macosx - Perl under Mac OS X
7809 =item INSTALLATION PREFIX
7811 =item LIBPERL AND PREBINDING
7813 =item UPDATING PANTHER
7827 =head2 perlmint, README.mint - Perl version 5 on Atari MiNT
7833 =item Known problems with Perl on MiNT
7839 =head2 perlmpeix, README.mpeix - Perl/iX for HP e3000 MPE
7847 =item Binary distribution from HP
7849 =item What's New in Perl for MPE/iX
7851 =item Welcome to Perl/iX
7853 =item System Requirements for Perl/iX
7855 =item How to Obtain Perl/iX
7857 =item Perl/iX Distribution Contents Highlights
7859 README, INSTALL, LIBSHP3K, PERL, .cpan/, lib/, man/,
7860 public_html/feedback.cgi, src/perl-5.6.0-mpe
7862 =item How to Compile Perl/iX
7866 =item Getting Started with Perl/iX
7868 =item MPE/iX Implementation Considerations
7870 =item Known Perl/iX Bugs Under Investigation
7872 =item Perl/iX To-Do List
7874 =item Perl/iX Change History
7890 SetNWBld.bat, Buildtype.bat
7902 =item Build new extensions
7904 =item Acknowledgements
7912 =head2 perlos2 - Perl under OS/2, DOS, Win0.3*, Win0.95 and WinNT.
7932 EMX, RSX, HPFS, pdksh
7934 =item Starting Perl programs under OS/2 (and DOS and...)
7936 =item Starting OS/2 (and DOS) programs under Perl
7940 =item Frequently asked questions
7944 =item "It does not work"
7946 =item I cannot run external programs
7948 =item I cannot embed perl into my program, or use F<perl.dll> from my
7951 Is your program EMX-compiled with C<-Zmt -Zcrtdll>?, Did you use
7954 =item C<``> and pipe-C<open> do not work under DOS.
7956 =item Cannot start C<find.exe "pattern" file>
7964 =item Automatic binary installation
7966 C<PERL_BADLANG>, C<PERL_BADFREE>, F<Config.pm>
7968 =item Manual binary installation
7970 Perl VIO and PM executables (dynamically linked), Perl_ VIO executable
7971 (statically linked), Executables for Perl utilities, Main Perl library,
7972 Additional Perl modules, Tools to compile Perl modules, Manpages for Perl
7973 and utilities, Manpages for Perl modules, Source for Perl documentation,
7974 Perl manual in F<.INF> format, Pdksh
7980 =item Accessing documentation
7984 =item OS/2 F<.INF> file
7992 =item GNU C<info> files
8004 =item The short story
8008 =item Getting perl source
8010 =item Application of the patches
8018 A lot of C<bad free>, Process terminated by SIGTERM/SIGINT, F<op/fs.t>,
8021 =item Installing the built perl
8023 =item C<a.out>-style build
8031 =item Some C</> became C<\> in pdksh.
8033 =item C<'errno'> - unresolved external
8035 =item Problems with tr or sed
8037 =item Some problem (forget which ;-)
8039 =item Library ... not found
8041 =item Segfault in make
8043 =item op/sprintf test failure
8047 =item Specific (mis)features of OS/2 port
8051 =item C<setpriority>, C<getpriority>
8055 =item C<extproc> on the first line
8057 =item Additional modules:
8059 =item Prebuilt methods:
8061 C<File::Copy::syscopy>, C<DynaLoader::mod2fname>, C<Cwd::current_drive()>,
8062 C<Cwd::sys_chdir(name)>, C<Cwd::change_drive(name)>,
8063 C<Cwd::sys_is_absolute(name)>, C<Cwd::sys_is_rooted(name)>,
8064 C<Cwd::sys_is_relative(name)>, C<Cwd::sys_cwd(name)>,
8065 C<Cwd::sys_abspath(name, dir)>, C<Cwd::extLibpath([type])>,
8066 C<Cwd::extLibpath_set( path [, type ] )>,
8067 C<OS2::Error(do_harderror,do_exception)>, C<OS2::Errors2Drive(drive)>,
8068 OS2::SysInfo(), OS2::BootDrive(), C<OS2::MorphPM(serve)>,
8069 C<OS2::UnMorphPM(serve)>, C<OS2::Serve_Messages(force)>,
8070 C<OS2::Process_Messages(force [, cnt])>, C<OS2::_control87(new,mask)>,
8071 OS2::get_control87(), C<OS2::set_control87_em(new=MCW_EM,mask=MCW_EM)>,
8072 C<OS2::DLLname([how [, \&xsub]])>
8074 =item Prebuilt variables:
8076 $OS2::emx_rev, $OS2::emx_env, $OS2::os_ver, $OS2::is_aout, $OS2::can_fork,
8083 C<popen>, C<tmpnam>, C<tmpfile>, C<ctermid>, C<stat>, C<mkdir>, C<rmdir>,
8086 =item Identifying DLLs
8088 =item Centralized management of resources
8090 C<HAB>, C<HMQ>, Treating errors reported by OS/2 API,
8091 C<CheckOSError(expr)>, C<CheckWinError(expr)>, C<SaveWinError(expr)>,
8092 C<SaveCroakWinError(expr,die,name1,name2)>, C<WinError_2_Perl_rc>,
8093 C<FillWinError>, C<FillOSError(rc)>, Loading DLLs and ordinals in DLLs
8107 =item F<perl___.exe>
8109 =item Why strange names?
8111 =item Why dynamic linking?
8113 =item Why chimera build?
8121 =item C<PERLLIB_PREFIX>
8123 =item C<PERL_BADLANG>
8125 =item C<PERL_BADFREE>
8127 =item C<PERL_SH_DIR>
8129 =item C<USE_PERL_FLOCK>
8131 =item C<TMP> or C<TEMP>
8139 =item Text-mode filehandles
8143 =item DLL name mangling: pre 5.6.2
8145 =item DLL name mangling: 5.6.2 and beyond
8147 Global DLLs, specific DLLs, C<BEGINLIBPATH> and C<ENDLIBPATH>, F<.> from
8150 =item DLL forwarder generation
8154 =item Calls to external programs
8156 =item Memory allocation
8160 C<COND_WAIT>, F<os2.c>
8176 =head2 perlos390, README.os390 - building and installing Perl for OS/390
8189 =item Unpacking Perl distribution on OS/390
8191 =item Setup and utilities for Perl on OS/390
8193 =item Configure Perl on OS/390
8195 =item Build, Test, Install Perl on OS/390
8197 =item Build Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
8199 =item Testing Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
8201 =item Installation Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
8203 =item Usage Hints for Perl on OS/390
8205 =item Floating Point Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
8207 =item Modules and Extensions for Perl on OS/390
8217 =item Mailing list for Perl on OS/390
8225 =head2 perlos400, README.os400 - Perl version 5 on OS/400
8233 =item Compiling Perl for OS/400 PASE
8235 =item Installing Perl in OS/400 PASE
8237 =item Using Perl in OS/400 PASE
8239 =item Known Problems
8249 =head2 perlqnx, README.qnx - Perl version 5 on QNX
8257 =item Required Software for Compiling Perl on QNX4
8259 /bin/sh, ar, nm, cpp, make
8261 =item Outstanding Issues with Perl on QNX4
8263 =item QNX auxiliary files
8267 =item Outstanding issues with perl under QNX6
8275 =head2 perlplan9 - Plan 9-specific documentation for Perl
8285 =item What's in Plan 9 Perl
8287 =item What's not in Plan 9 Perl
8289 =item Perl5 Functions not currently supported in Plan 9 Perl
8291 =item Signals in Plan 9 Perl
8295 =item COMPILING AND INSTALLING PERL ON PLAN 9
8299 =item Installing Perl Documentation on Plan 9
8311 =head2 perlsolaris, README.solaris - Perl version 5 on Solaris systems
8319 =item Solaris Version Numbers.
8325 Solaris FAQ, Precompiled Binaries, Solaris Documentation
8331 =item File Extraction Problems on Solaris.
8333 =item Compiler and Related Tools on Solaris.
8335 =item Environment for Compiling perl on Solaris
8339 =item RUN CONFIGURE.
8343 =item 64-bit perl on Solaris.
8345 =item Threads in perl on Solaris.
8347 =item Malloc Issues with perl on Solaris.
8351 =item MAKE PROBLEMS.
8353 Dynamic Loading Problems With GNU as and GNU ld, ld.so.1: ./perl: fatal:
8354 relocation error:, dlopen: stub interception failed, #error "No
8355 DATAMODEL_NATIVE specified", sh: ar: not found
8361 =item op/stat.t test 4 in Solaris
8363 =item nss_delete core dump from op/pwent or op/grent
8367 =item PREBUILT BINARIES OF PERL FOR SOLARIS.
8369 =item RUNTIME ISSUES FOR PERL ON SOLARIS.
8373 =item Limits on Numbers of Open Files on Solaris.
8377 =item SOLARIS-SPECIFIC MODULES.
8379 =item SOLARIS-SPECIFIC PROBLEMS WITH MODULES.
8383 =item Proc::ProcessTable on Solaris
8385 =item BSD::Resource on Solaris
8387 =item Net::SSLeay on Solaris
8397 =head2 perltru64, README.tru64 - Perl version 5 on Tru64 (formerly known as
8398 Digital UNIX formerly known as DEC OSF/1) systems
8406 =item Compiling Perl 5 on Tru64
8408 =item Using Large Files with Perl on Tru64
8410 =item Threaded Perl on Tru64
8412 =item Long Doubles on Tru64
8414 =item DB_File tests failing on Tru64
8416 =item 64-bit Perl on Tru64
8418 =item Warnings about floating-point overflow when compiling Perl on Tru64
8422 =item Testing Perl on Tru64
8424 =item ext/ODBM_File/odbm Test Failing With Static Builds
8426 =item Perl Fails Because Of Unresolved Symbol sockatmark
8432 =head2 perluts - Perl under UTS
8440 =item BUILDING PERL ON UTS
8442 =item Installing the built perl on UTS
8448 =head2 perlvmesa, README.vmesa - building and installing Perl for VM/ESA.
8458 =item Unpacking Perl Distribution on VM/ESA
8460 =item Setup Perl and utilities on VM/ESA
8462 =item Configure Perl on VM/ESA
8464 =item Testing Anomalies of Perl on VM/ESA
8466 =item Usage Hints for Perl on VM/ESA
8476 =item Mailing list for Perl on VM/ESA
8482 =head2 perlvms - VMS-specific documentation for Perl
8490 =item Organization of Perl Images
8496 =item Perl Extensions
8498 =item Installing static extensions
8500 =item Installing dynamic extensions
8504 =item File specifications
8510 =item Wildcard expansion
8516 =item PERL5LIB and PERLLIB
8522 =item I/O redirection and backgrounding
8524 =item Command line switches
8530 =item Perl functions
8532 File tests, backticks, binmode FILEHANDLE, crypt PLAINTEXT, USER, dump,
8533 exec LIST, fork, getpwent, getpwnam, getpwuid, gmtime, kill, qx//, select
8534 (system call), stat EXPR, system LIST, time, times, unlink LIST, utime
8535 LIST, waitpid PID,FLAGS
8537 =item Perl variables
8539 %ENV, CRTL_ENV, CLISYM_[LOCAL], Any other string, $!, $^E, $?, $|
8541 =item Standard modules with VMS-specific differences
8555 =head2 perlvos, README.vos - Perl for Stratus VOS
8561 =item BUILDING PERL FOR VOS
8563 =item INSTALLING PERL IN VOS
8565 =item USING PERL IN VOS
8569 =item Restrictions of Perl on VOS
8571 =item Handling of underflow and overflow
8577 =item SUPPORT STATUS
8585 =head2 perlwin32 - Perl under Windows
8595 =item Setting Up Perl on Win32
8597 Make, Command Shell, Borland C++, Microsoft Visual C++, Microsoft Platform
8598 SDK 64-bit Compiler, MinGW32 with gcc, MinGW release 1
8602 =item Testing Perl on Win32
8604 =item Installation of Perl on Win32
8606 =item Usage Hints for Perl on Win32
8608 Environment Variables, File Globbing, Using perl from the command line,
8609 Building Extensions, Command-line Wildcard Expansion, Win32 Specific
8610 Extensions, Notes on 64-bit Windows
8612 =item Running Perl Scripts
8614 Miscellaneous Things
8618 =item BUGS AND CAVEATS
8622 Gary Ng E<lt>71564.1743@CompuServe.COME<gt>, Gurusamy Sarathy
8623 E<lt>gsar@activestate.comE<gt>, Nick Ing-Simmons
8624 E<lt>nick@ing-simmons.netE<gt>
8632 =head1 PRAGMA DOCUMENTATION
8634 =head2 attrs - set/get attributes of a subroutine (deprecated)
8646 =head2 re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour
8656 =head2 threadshared::shared, threads::shared - Perl extension for sharing
8657 data structures between threads
8669 share VARIABLE, lock VARIABLE, cond_wait VARIABLE, cond_signal VARIABLE,
8670 cond_broadcast VARIABLE
8682 =head2 threads - Perl extension allowing use of interpreter based threads
8691 $thread = threads->create(function, LIST), $thread->join, $thread->detach,
8692 threads->self, $thread->tid, threads->object( tid ), threads->yield();,
8693 threads->list();, async BLOCK;
8697 A thread exited while %d other threads were still running
8703 Parent-Child threads, Returning objects, Creating threads inside BEGIN
8704 blocks, PERL_OLD_SIGNALS are not threadsafe, will not be
8706 =item AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT
8712 =head2 assertions - select assertions in blocks of code
8724 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
8728 =head2 assertions::activate - activate assertions
8740 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
8744 =head2 attributes - get/set subroutine or variable attributes
8754 =item Built-in Attributes
8756 locked, method, lvalue
8758 =item Available Subroutines
8762 =item Package-specific Attribute Handling
8764 FETCH_I<type>_ATTRIBUTES, MODIFY_I<type>_ATTRIBUTES
8766 =item Syntax of Attribute Lists
8774 =item Default exports
8776 =item Available exports
8778 =item Export tags defined
8788 =head2 attrs - set/get attributes of a subroutine (deprecated)
8800 =head2 autouse - postpone load of modules until a function is used
8816 =head2 base - Establish IS-A relationship with base class at compile time
8830 =head2 bigint - Transparent BigInteger support for Perl
8842 a or accuracy, p or precision, t or trace, l or lib, v or version
8846 =item INTERNAL FORMAT
8868 =head2 bignum - Transparent BigNumber support for Perl
8880 a or accuracy, p or precision, t or trace, l or lib, v or version
8886 inf(), NaN(), upgrade()
8890 =item INTERNAL FORMAT
8908 =head2 bigrat - Transparent BigNumber/BigRationale support for Perl
8932 perl -Mbigrat -le 'print sqrt(33)'
8933 perl -Mbigrat -le 'print 2*255'
8934 perl -Mbigrat -le 'print 4.5+2*255'
8935 perl -Mbigrat -le 'print 3/7 + 5/7 + 8/3'
8936 perl -Mbigrat -le 'print 12->is_odd()';
8946 =head2 blib - Use MakeMaker's uninstalled version of a package
8960 =head2 bytes - Perl pragma to force byte semantics rather than character
8973 =head2 charnames - define character names for C<\N{named}> string literal
8982 =item CUSTOM TRANSLATORS
8984 =item CUSTOM ALIASES
8988 =item Anonymous hashes
8992 =item Alias shortcut
8996 =item charnames::viacode(code)
8998 =item charnames::vianame(name)
9002 =item ILLEGAL CHARACTERS
9008 =head2 constant - Perl pragma to declare constants
9020 =item List constants
9022 =item Defining multiple constants at once
9024 =item Magic constants
9028 =item TECHNICAL NOTES
9038 =head2 diagnostics - Perl compiler pragma to force verbose warning
9049 =item The C<diagnostics> Pragma
9051 =item The I<splain> Program
9065 =head2 encoding - allows you to write your script in non-ascii or non-utf8
9075 =item Literal Conversions
9077 =item PerlIO layers for C<STD(IN|OUT)>
9081 =item FEATURES THAT REQUIRE 5.8.1
9083 "NON-EUC" doublebyte encodings, tr//, DATA pseudo-filehandle
9087 use encoding [I<ENCNAME>] ;, use encoding I<ENCNAME> [ STDIN =E<gt>
9088 I<ENCNAME_IN> ...] ;, use encoding I<ENCNAME> Filter=E<gt>1;, no encoding;
9090 =item The Filter Option
9094 =item Filter-related changes at Encode version 1.87
9104 =item DO NOT MIX MULTIPLE ENCODINGS
9106 =item tr/// with ranges
9108 Legend of characters above
9112 =item EXAMPLE - Greekperl
9114 =item KNOWN PROBLEMS
9116 literals in regex that are longer than 127 bytes, EBCDIC, format
9124 =head2 fields - compile-time class fields
9138 =head2 filetest - Perl pragma to control the filetest permission operators
9148 =item subpragma access
9154 =head2 if - C<use> a Perl module if a condition holds
9168 =head2 integer - Perl pragma to use integer arithmetic instead of floating
9179 =head2 less - perl pragma to request less of something from the compiler
9189 =head2 lib - manipulate @INC at compile time
9199 =item Adding directories to @INC
9201 =item Deleting directories from @INC
9203 =item Restoring original @INC
9217 =head2 locale - Perl pragma to use and avoid POSIX locales for built-in
9228 =head2 open - perl pragma to set default PerlIO layers for input and output
9236 =item NONPERLIO FUNCTIONALITY
9238 =item IMPLEMENTATION DETAILS
9244 =head2 ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when compiling
9256 =head2 overload - Package for overloading perl operations
9266 =item Declaration of overloaded functions
9268 =item Calling Conventions for Binary Operations
9270 FALSE, TRUE, C<undef>
9272 =item Calling Conventions for Unary Operations
9274 =item Calling Conventions for Mutators
9276 C<++> and C<-->, C<x=> and other assignment versions
9278 =item Overloadable Operations
9280 I<Arithmetic operations>, I<Comparison operations>, I<Bit operations>,
9281 I<Increment and decrement>, I<Transcendental functions>, I<Boolean, string
9282 and numeric conversion>, I<Iteration>, I<Dereferencing>, I<Special>
9284 =item Inheritance and overloading
9286 Strings as values of C<use overload> directive, Overloading of an operation
9287 is inherited by derived classes
9291 =item SPECIAL SYMBOLS FOR C<use overload>
9299 C<undef>, TRUE, defined, but FALSE
9301 =item Copy Constructor
9307 =item MAGIC AUTOGENERATION
9309 I<Assignment forms of arithmetic operations>, I<Conversion operations>,
9310 I<Increment and decrement>, C<abs($a)>, I<Unary minus>, I<Negation>,
9311 I<Concatenation>, I<Comparison operations>, I<Iterator>, I<Dereferencing>,
9314 =item Losing overloading
9316 =item Run-time Overloading
9318 =item Public functions
9320 overload::StrVal(arg), overload::Overloaded(arg), overload::Method(obj,op)
9322 =item Overloading constants
9324 integer, float, binary, q, qr
9326 =item IMPLEMENTATION
9328 =item Metaphor clash
9334 =item Two-face scalars
9336 =item Two-face references
9338 =item Symbolic calculator
9340 =item I<Really> symbolic calculator
9348 Odd number of arguments for overload::constant, `%s' is not an overloadable
9349 type, `%s' is not a code reference
9355 =head2 re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour
9365 =head2 sigtrap - Perl pragma to enable simple signal handling
9377 =item SIGNAL HANDLERS
9379 B<stack-trace>, B<die>, B<handler> I<your-handler>
9383 B<normal-signals>, B<error-signals>, B<old-interface-signals>
9387 B<untrapped>, B<any>, I<signal>, I<number>
9395 =head2 sort - perl pragma to control sort() behaviour
9407 =head2 strict - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe constructs
9415 C<strict refs>, C<strict vars>, C<strict subs>
9421 =head2 subs - Perl pragma to predeclare sub names
9431 =head2 threads - Perl extension allowing use of interpreter based threads
9440 $thread = threads->create(function, LIST), $thread->join, $thread->detach,
9441 threads->self, $thread->tid, threads->object( tid ), threads->yield();,
9442 threads->list();, async BLOCK;
9446 A thread exited while %d other threads were still running
9452 Parent-Child threads, Returning objects, Creating threads inside BEGIN
9453 blocks, PERL_OLD_SIGNALS are not threadsafe, will not be
9455 =item AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT
9461 =head2 threadshared, threads::shared - Perl extension for sharing data
9462 structures between threads
9474 share VARIABLE, lock VARIABLE, cond_wait VARIABLE, cond_signal VARIABLE,
9475 cond_broadcast VARIABLE
9487 =head2 utf8 - Perl pragma to enable/disable UTF-8 (or UTF-EBCDIC) in source
9498 =item Utility functions
9500 $num_octets = utf8::upgrade($string);, utf8::downgrade($string[, FAIL_OK]),
9501 utf8::encode($string), $flag = utf8::decode($string), $flag =
9502 utf8::is_utf8(STRING), $flag = utf8::valid(STRING)
9512 =head2 vars - Perl pragma to predeclare global variable names (obsolete)
9522 =head2 version - Perl extension for Version Objects
9532 =item What IS a version
9534 Numeric Versions, V-String Versions
9536 =item Numeric Versions
9538 =item V-String Versions
9540 =item Object Methods
9542 New Operator, Stringification, Numification, Comparison operators, Logical
9547 =item Types of Versions Objects
9549 Ordinary versions, alpha versions
9551 =item Replacement UNIVERSAL::VERSION
9563 =head2 vmsish - Perl pragma to control VMS-specific language features
9571 C<vmsish status>, C<vmsish exit>, C<vmsish time>, C<vmsish hushed>
9575 =head2 warnings - Perl pragma to control optional warnings
9583 use warnings::register, warnings::enabled(), warnings::enabled($category),
9584 warnings::enabled($object), warnings::warn($message),
9585 warnings::warn($category, $message), warnings::warn($object, $message),
9586 warnings::warnif($message), warnings::warnif($category, $message),
9587 warnings::warnif($object, $message)
9591 =head2 warnings::register - warnings import function
9601 =head1 MODULE DOCUMENTATION
9603 =head2 AnyDBM_File - provide framework for multiple DBMs
9613 =item DBM Comparisons
9623 =head2 Attribute::Handlers - Simpler definition of attribute handlers
9633 [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5]
9637 =item Typed lexicals
9639 =item Type-specific attribute handlers
9641 =item Non-interpretive attribute handlers
9643 =item Phase-specific attribute handlers
9645 =item Attributes as C<tie> interfaces
9653 C<Bad attribute type: ATTR(%s)>, C<Attribute handler %s doesn't handle %s
9654 attributes>, C<Declaration of %s attribute in package %s may clash with
9655 future reserved word>, C<Can't have two ATTR specifiers on one subroutine>,
9656 C<Can't autotie a %s>, C<Internal error: %s symbol went missing>, C<Won't
9657 be able to apply END handler>
9667 =head2 AutoLoader - load subroutines only on demand
9677 =item Subroutine Stubs
9679 =item Using B<AutoLoader>'s AUTOLOAD Subroutine
9681 =item Overriding B<AutoLoader>'s AUTOLOAD Subroutine
9683 =item Package Lexicals
9685 =item Not Using AutoLoader
9687 =item B<AutoLoader> vs. B<SelfLoader>
9697 =head2 AutoSplit - split a package for autoloading
9705 $keep, $check, $modtime
9709 =item Multiple packages
9717 =head2 B - The Perl Compiler
9727 =item Utility Functions
9731 =item Functions Returning C<B::SV>, C<B::AV>, C<B::HV>, and C<B::CV>
9734 sv_undef, sv_yes, sv_no, svref_2object(SVREF), amagic_generation, init_av,
9735 check_av, begin_av, end_av, comppadlist, regex_padav, main_cv
9737 =item Functions for Examining the Symbol Table
9739 walksymtable(SYMREF, METHOD, RECURSE, PREFIX)
9741 =item Functions Returning C<B::OP> objects or for walking op trees
9743 main_root, main_start, walkoptree(OP, METHOD), walkoptree_debug(DEBUG)
9745 =item Miscellaneous Utility Functions
9747 ppname(OPNUM), hash(STR), cast_I32(I), minus_c, cstring(STR),
9748 perlstring(STR), class(OBJ), threadsv_names
9752 =item OVERVIEW OF CLASSES
9756 =item SV-RELATED CLASSES
9760 REFCNT, FLAGS, object_2svref
9764 IV, IVX, UVX, int_value, needs64bits, packiv
9778 =item B::PVMG Methods
9782 =item B::MAGIC Methods
9784 MOREMAGIC, precomp, PRIVATE, TYPE, FLAGS, OBJ, PTR, REGEX
9786 =item B::PVLV Methods
9788 TARGOFF, TARGLEN, TYPE, TARG
9792 USEFUL, PREVIOUS, RARE, TABLE
9796 is_empty, NAME, SAFENAME, STASH, SV, IO, FORM, AV, HV, EGV, CV, CVGEN,
9797 LINE, FILE, FILEGV, GvREFCNT, FLAGS
9801 LINES, PAGE, PAGE_LEN, LINES_LEFT, TOP_NAME, TOP_GV, FMT_NAME, FMT_GV,
9802 BOTTOM_NAME, BOTTOM_GV, SUBPROCESS, IoTYPE, IoFLAGS, IsSTD
9806 FILL, MAX, OFF, ARRAY, ARRAYelt, AvFLAGS
9810 STASH, START, ROOT, GV, FILE, DEPTH, PADLIST, OUTSIDE, OUTSIDE_SEQ, XSUB,
9811 XSUBANY, CvFLAGS, const_sv
9815 FILL, MAX, KEYS, RITER, NAME, PMROOT, ARRAY
9817 =item OP-RELATED CLASSES
9821 next, sibling, name, ppaddr, desc, targ, type, seq, flags, private
9823 =item B::UNOP METHOD
9827 =item B::BINOP METHOD
9831 =item B::LOGOP METHOD
9835 =item B::LISTOP METHOD
9839 =item B::PMOP Methods
9841 pmreplroot, pmreplstart, pmnext, pmregexp, pmflags, pmdynflags,
9842 pmpermflags, precomp, pmoffset
9844 =item B::SVOP METHOD
9848 =item B::PADOP METHOD
9852 =item B::PVOP METHOD
9856 =item B::LOOP Methods
9858 redoop, nextop, lastop
9860 =item B::COP Methods
9862 label, stash, stashpv, file, cop_seq, arybase, line, warnings, io
9870 =head2 B::Asmdata - Autogenerated data about Perl ops, used to generate
9879 %insn_data, @insn_name, @optype, @specialsv_name
9885 =head2 B::Assembler - Assemble Perl bytecode
9897 =head2 B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks
9917 =head2 B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend
9929 B<-b>, B<-H>, B<-k>, B<-o>I<outfile>, B<-s>
9939 =head2 B::C - Perl compiler's C backend
9949 B<-ofilename>, B<-v>, B<-->, B<-uPackname>, B<-D>, B<-Do>, B<-Dc>, B<-DA>,
9950 B<-DC>, B<-DM>, B<-f>, B<-fcog>, B<-fsave-data>, B<-fppaddr>, B<-fwarn-sv>,
9951 B<-fuse-script-name>, B<-fsave-sig-hash>, B<-On>, B<-O0>, B<-O1>, B<-O2>,
9962 =head2 B::CC - Perl compiler's optimized C translation backend
9972 B<-ofilename>, B<-v>, B<-->, B<-uPackname>, B<-mModulename>, B<-D>, B<-Dr>,
9973 B<-DO>, B<-Ds>, B<-Dp>, B<-Dq>, B<-Dl>, B<-Dt>, B<-f>,
9974 B<-ffreetmps-each-bblock>, B<-ffreetmps-each-loop>, B<-fomit-taint>, B<-On>
9986 =item Context of ".."
9990 =item Deprecated features
9998 =head2 B::Concise - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing concise info about ops
10010 B<-basic>, B<-exec>, B<-tree>, B<-compact>, B<-loose>, B<-vt>, B<-ascii>,
10011 B<-main>, B<-base>I<n>, B<-bigendian>, B<-littleendian>, B<-concise>,
10012 B<-terse>, B<-linenoise>, B<-debug>, B<-env>
10014 =item FORMATTING SPECIFICATIONS
10016 B<(x(>I<exec_text>B<;>I<basic_text>B<)x)>, B<(*(>I<text>B<)*)>,
10017 B<(*(>I<text1>B<;>I<text2>B<)*)>, B<(?(>I<text1>B<#>I<var>I<Text2>B<)?)>,
10018 B<#>I<var>, B<#>I<var>I<N>, B<~>, B<#addr>, B<#arg>, B<#class>,
10019 B<#classsym>, B<#coplabel>, B<#exname>, B<#extarg>, B<#firstaddr>,
10020 B<#flags>, B<#flagval>, B<#hyphseq>, B<#label>, B<#lastaddr>, B<#name>,
10021 B<#NAME>, B<#next>, B<#nextaddr>, B<#noise>, B<#private>, B<#privval>,
10022 B<#seq>, B<#seqnum>, B<#sibaddr>, B<#svaddr>, B<#svclass>, B<#svval>,
10023 B<#targ>, B<#targarg>, B<#targarglife>, B<#typenum>
10025 =item ABBREVIATIONS
10029 =item OP flags abbreviations
10031 =item OP class abbreviations
10035 =item Using B::Concise outside of the O framework
10041 =head2 B::Debug - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing debug info about ops
10053 =head2 B::Deparse - Perl compiler backend to produce perl code
10063 B<-d>, B<-f>I<FILE>, B<-l>, B<-p>, B<-P>, B<-q>, B<-s>I<LETTERS>, B<C>,
10064 B<i>I<NUMBER>, B<T>, B<v>I<STRING>B<.>, B<-x>I<LEVEL>
10066 =item USING B::Deparse AS A MODULE
10076 =item ambient_pragmas
10078 strict, $[, bytes, utf8, integer, re, warnings, hint_bits, warning_bits
10090 =head2 B::Disassembler - Disassemble Perl bytecode
10102 =head2 B::Lint - Perl lint
10110 =item OPTIONS AND LINT CHECKS
10112 B<context>, B<implicit-read> and B<implicit-write>, B<bare-subs>,
10113 B<dollar-underscore>, B<private-names>, B<undefined-subs>,
10114 B<regexp-variables>, B<all>, B<none>
10116 =item NON LINT-CHECK OPTIONS
10126 =head2 B::O, O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends
10136 =item IMPLEMENTATION
10144 =head2 B::Showlex - Show lexical variables used in functions or files
10156 =head2 B::Stackobj - Helper module for CC backend
10168 =head2 B::Stash - show what stashes are loaded
10170 =head2 B::Terse - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing terse info about ops
10182 =head2 B::Xref - Generates cross reference reports for Perl programs
10192 C<-oFILENAME>, C<-r>, C<-d>, C<-D[tO]>
10200 =head2 Bblock, B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks
10220 =head2 Benchmark - benchmark running times of Perl code
10234 =item Standard Exports
10236 timeit(COUNT, CODE), timethis ( COUNT, CODE, [ TITLE, [ STYLE ]] ),
10237 timethese ( COUNT, CODEHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), timediff ( T1, T2 ), timestr (
10238 TIMEDIFF, [ STYLE, [ FORMAT ] ] )
10240 =item Optional Exports
10242 clearcache ( COUNT ), clearallcache ( ), cmpthese ( COUNT, CODEHASHREF, [
10243 STYLE ] ), cmpthese ( RESULTSHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), countit(TIME, CODE),
10244 disablecache ( ), enablecache ( ), timesum ( T1, T2 )
10246 =item :hireswallclock
10262 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
10266 =head2 ByteLoader - load byte compiled perl code
10280 =head2 Bytecode, B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend
10292 B<-b>, B<-H>, B<-k>, B<-o>I<outfile>, B<-s>
10302 =head2 CGI - Simple Common Gateway Interface Class
10314 =item PROGRAMMING STYLE
10316 =item CALLING CGI.PM ROUTINES
10318 =item CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT (OBJECT-ORIENTED STYLE):
10320 =item CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT FROM AN INPUT FILE
10322 =item FETCHING A LIST OF KEYWORDS FROM THE QUERY:
10324 =item FETCHING THE NAMES OF ALL THE PARAMETERS PASSED TO YOUR SCRIPT:
10326 =item FETCHING THE VALUE OR VALUES OF A SINGLE NAMED PARAMETER:
10328 =item SETTING THE VALUE(S) OF A NAMED PARAMETER:
10330 =item APPENDING ADDITIONAL VALUES TO A NAMED PARAMETER:
10332 =item IMPORTING ALL PARAMETERS INTO A NAMESPACE:
10334 =item DELETING A PARAMETER COMPLETELY:
10336 =item DELETING ALL PARAMETERS:
10338 =item DIRECT ACCESS TO THE PARAMETER LIST:
10340 =item FETCHING THE PARAMETER LIST AS A HASH:
10342 =item SAVING THE STATE OF THE SCRIPT TO A FILE:
10344 =item RETRIEVING CGI ERRORS
10346 =item USING THE FUNCTION-ORIENTED INTERFACE
10348 B<:cgi>, B<:form>, B<:html2>, B<:html3>, B<:html4>, B<:netscape>, B<:html>,
10349 B<:standard>, B<:all>
10353 -any, -compile, -nosticky, -no_undef_params, -no_xhtml, -nph,
10354 -newstyle_urls, -oldstyle_urls, -autoload, -no_debug, -debug,
10357 =item SPECIAL FORMS FOR IMPORTING HTML-TAG FUNCTIONS
10359 1. start_table() (generates a <table> tag), 2. end_table() (generates a
10360 </table> tag), 3. start_ul() (generates a <ul> tag), 4. end_ul() (generates
10365 =item GENERATING DYNAMIC DOCUMENTS
10369 =item CREATING A STANDARD HTTP HEADER:
10371 =item GENERATING A REDIRECTION HEADER
10373 =item CREATING THE HTML DOCUMENT HEADER
10375 B<Parameters:>, 4, 5, 6..
10377 =item ENDING THE HTML DOCUMENT:
10379 =item CREATING A SELF-REFERENCING URL THAT PRESERVES STATE INFORMATION:
10381 =item OBTAINING THE SCRIPT'S URL
10383 B<-absolute>, B<-relative>, B<-full>, B<-path> (B<-path_info>), B<-query>
10384 (B<-query_string>), B<-base>
10386 =item MIXING POST AND URL PARAMETERS
10390 =item CREATING STANDARD HTML ELEMENTS:
10394 =item PROVIDING ARGUMENTS TO HTML SHORTCUTS
10396 =item THE DISTRIBUTIVE PROPERTY OF HTML SHORTCUTS
10398 =item HTML SHORTCUTS AND LIST INTERPOLATION
10400 =item NON-STANDARD HTML SHORTCUTS
10402 =item AUTOESCAPING HTML
10404 $escaped_string = escapeHTML("unescaped string");, $charset =
10405 charset([$charset]);, $flag = autoEscape([$flag]);
10407 =item PRETTY-PRINTING HTML
10411 =item CREATING FILL-OUT FORMS:
10415 =item CREATING AN ISINDEX TAG
10417 =item STARTING AND ENDING A FORM
10419 B<application/x-www-form-urlencoded>, B<multipart/form-data>
10421 =item CREATING A TEXT FIELD
10425 =item CREATING A BIG TEXT FIELD
10427 =item CREATING A PASSWORD FIELD
10429 =item CREATING A FILE UPLOAD FIELD
10433 =item CREATING A POPUP MENU
10435 =item CREATING AN OPTION GROUP
10437 =item CREATING A SCROLLING LIST
10441 =item CREATING A GROUP OF RELATED CHECKBOXES
10445 =item CREATING A STANDALONE CHECKBOX
10449 =item CREATING A RADIO BUTTON GROUP
10453 =item CREATING A SUBMIT BUTTON
10457 =item CREATING A RESET BUTTON
10459 =item CREATING A DEFAULT BUTTON
10461 =item CREATING A HIDDEN FIELD
10465 =item CREATING A CLICKABLE IMAGE BUTTON
10467 B<Parameters:>, 3. The third option (-align, optional) is an alignment
10468 type, and may be TOP, BOTTOM or MIDDLE
10470 =item CREATING A JAVASCRIPT ACTION BUTTON
10476 1. an expiration time, 2. a domain, 3. a path, 4. a "secure" flag,
10477 B<-name>, B<-value>, B<-path>, B<-domain>, B<-expires>, B<-secure>
10479 =item WORKING WITH FRAMES
10481 1. Create a <Frameset> document, 2. Specify the destination for the
10482 document in the HTTP header, 3. Specify the destination for the document in
10485 =item LIMITED SUPPORT FOR CASCADING STYLE SHEETS
10491 =item DUMPING OUT ALL THE NAME/VALUE PAIRS
10495 =item FETCHING ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
10497 B<Accept()>, B<raw_cookie()>, B<user_agent()>, B<path_info()>,
10498 B<path_translated()>, B<remote_host()>, B<script_name()> Return the script
10499 name as a partial URL, for self-refering scripts, B<referer()>, B<auth_type
10500 ()>, B<server_name ()>, B<virtual_host ()>, B<server_port ()>,
10501 B<server_software ()>, B<remote_user ()>, B<user_name ()>,
10502 B<request_method()>, B<content_type()>, B<http()>, B<https()>
10504 =item USING NPH SCRIPTS
10506 In the B<use> statement, By calling the B<nph()> method:, By using B<-nph>
10511 multipart_init(), multipart_start(), multipart_end(), multipart_final()
10513 =item Avoiding Denial of Service Attacks
10515 B<$CGI::POST_MAX>, B<$CGI::DISABLE_UPLOADS>, B<1. On a script-by-script
10516 basis>, B<2. Globally for all scripts>
10518 =item COMPATIBILITY WITH CGI-LIB.PL
10520 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
10524 Matt Heffron (heffron@falstaff.css.beckman.com), James Taylor
10525 (james.taylor@srs.gov), Scott Anguish <sanguish@digifix.com>, Mike Jewell
10526 (mlj3u@virginia.edu), Timothy Shimmin (tes@kbs.citri.edu.au), Joergen Haegg
10527 (jh@axis.se), Laurent Delfosse (delfosse@delfosse.com), Richard Resnick
10528 (applepi1@aol.com), Craig Bishop (csb@barwonwater.vic.gov.au), Tony Curtis
10529 (tc@vcpc.univie.ac.at), Tim Bunce (Tim.Bunce@ig.co.uk), Tom Christiansen
10530 (tchrist@convex.com), Andreas Koenig (k@franz.ww.TU-Berlin.DE), Tim
10531 MacKenzie (Tim.MacKenzie@fulcrum.com.au), Kevin B. Hendricks
10532 (kbhend@dogwood.tyler.wm.edu), Stephen Dahmen (joyfire@inxpress.net), Ed
10533 Jordan (ed@fidalgo.net), David Alan Pisoni (david@cnation.com), Doug
10534 MacEachern (dougm@opengroup.org), Robin Houston (robin@oneworld.org),
10535 ...and many many more..
10537 =item A COMPLETE EXAMPLE OF A SIMPLE FORM-BASED SCRIPT
10545 =head2 CGI::Apache - Backward compatibility module for CGI.pm
10555 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
10563 =head2 CGI::Carp, B<CGI::Carp> - CGI routines for writing to the HTTPD (or
10572 =item REDIRECTING ERROR MESSAGES
10574 =item MAKING PERL ERRORS APPEAR IN THE BROWSER WINDOW
10578 =item Changing the default message
10582 =item MAKING WARNINGS APPEAR AS HTML COMMENTS
10584 =item OVERRIDING THE NAME OF THE PROGRAM
10592 =head2 CGI::Cookie - Interface to Netscape Cookies
10600 =item USING CGI::Cookie
10602 B<1. expiration date>, B<2. domain>, B<3. path>, B<4. secure flag>
10606 =item Creating New Cookies
10608 =item Sending the Cookie to the Browser
10610 =item Recovering Previous Cookies
10612 =item Manipulating Cookies
10614 B<name()>, B<value()>, B<domain()>, B<path()>, B<expires()>
10618 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
10626 =head2 CGI::Fast - CGI Interface for Fast CGI
10634 =item OTHER PIECES OF THE PUZZLE
10636 =item WRITING FASTCGI PERL SCRIPTS
10638 =item INSTALLING FASTCGI SCRIPTS
10640 =item USING FASTCGI SCRIPTS AS CGI SCRIPTS
10642 =item EXTERNAL FASTCGI SERVER INVOCATION
10644 FCGI_SOCKET_PATH, FCGI_LISTEN_QUEUE
10648 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
10656 =head2 CGI::Pretty - module to produce nicely formatted HTML code
10666 =item Tags that won't be formatted
10668 =item Customizing the Indenting
10680 =head2 CGI::Push - Simple Interface to Server Push
10688 =item USING CGI::Push
10690 -next_page, -last_page, -type, -delay, -cookie, -target, -expires, -nph
10694 =item Heterogeneous Pages
10696 =item Changing the Page Delay on the Fly
10700 =item INSTALLING CGI::Push SCRIPTS
10702 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
10710 =head2 CGI::Switch - Backward compatibility module for defunct CGI::Switch
10720 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
10728 =head2 CGI::Util - Internal utilities used by CGI module
10736 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
10742 =head2 CPAN - query, download and build perl modules from CPAN sites
10754 =item Interactive Mode
10756 Searching for authors, bundles, distribution files and modules, make, test,
10757 install, clean modules or distributions, get, readme, look module or
10758 distribution, ls author, Signals
10766 =item The four C<CPAN::*> Classes: Author, Bundle, Module, Distribution
10768 =item Programmer's interface
10770 expand($type,@things), expandany(@things), Programming Examples
10772 =item Methods in the other Classes
10774 CPAN::Author::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Author::as_string(),
10775 CPAN::Author::email(), CPAN::Author::fullname(), CPAN::Author::name(),
10776 CPAN::Bundle::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Bundle::as_string(),
10777 CPAN::Bundle::clean(), CPAN::Bundle::contains(),
10778 CPAN::Bundle::force($method,@args), CPAN::Bundle::get(),
10779 CPAN::Bundle::inst_file(), CPAN::Bundle::inst_version(),
10780 CPAN::Bundle::uptodate(), CPAN::Bundle::install(), CPAN::Bundle::make(),
10781 CPAN::Bundle::readme(), CPAN::Bundle::test(),
10782 CPAN::Distribution::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Distribution::as_string(),
10783 CPAN::Distribution::clean(), CPAN::Distribution::containsmods(),
10784 CPAN::Distribution::cvs_import(), CPAN::Distribution::dir(),
10785 CPAN::Distribution::force($method,@args), CPAN::Distribution::get(),
10786 CPAN::Distribution::install(), CPAN::Distribution::isa_perl(),
10787 CPAN::Distribution::look(), CPAN::Distribution::make(),
10788 CPAN::Distribution::prereq_pm(), CPAN::Distribution::readme(),
10789 CPAN::Distribution::test(), CPAN::Distribution::uptodate(),
10790 CPAN::Index::force_reload(), CPAN::Index::reload(), CPAN::InfoObj::dump(),
10791 CPAN::Module::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Module::as_string(),
10792 CPAN::Module::clean(), CPAN::Module::cpan_file(),
10793 CPAN::Module::cpan_version(), CPAN::Module::cvs_import(),
10794 CPAN::Module::description(), CPAN::Module::force($method,@args),
10795 CPAN::Module::get(), CPAN::Module::inst_file(),
10796 CPAN::Module::inst_version(), CPAN::Module::install(),
10797 CPAN::Module::look(), CPAN::Module::make(),
10798 CPAN::Module::manpage_headline(), CPAN::Module::readme(),
10799 CPAN::Module::test(), CPAN::Module::uptodate(), CPAN::Module::userid()
10801 =item Cache Manager
10805 =item Prerequisites
10807 =item Finding packages and VERSION
10811 =item Floppy, Zip, Offline Mode
10815 =item CONFIGURATION
10817 C<o conf E<lt>scalar optionE<gt>>, C<o conf E<lt>scalar optionE<gt>
10818 E<lt>valueE<gt>>, C<o conf E<lt>list optionE<gt>>, C<o conf E<lt>list
10819 optionE<gt> [shift|pop]>, C<o conf E<lt>list optionE<gt>
10820 [unshift|push|splice] E<lt>listE<gt>>
10824 =item Note on urllist parameter's format
10826 =item urllist parameter has CD-ROM support
10834 =item POPULATE AN INSTALLATION WITH LOTS OF MODULES
10836 =item WORKING WITH CPAN.pm BEHIND FIREWALLS
10840 =item Three basic types of firewalls
10842 http firewall, ftp firewall, One way visibility, SOCKS, IP Masquerade
10844 =item Configuring lynx or ncftp for going through a firewall
10850 1), 2), 3), 4), 5), 6), 7), 8), 9), 10)
10862 =head2 CPAN::FirstTime - Utility for CPAN::Config file Initialization
10872 =head2 CPANox, CPAN::Nox - Wrapper around CPAN.pm without using any XS
10885 =head2 Carp, carp - warn of errors (from perspective of caller)
10895 =item Forcing a Stack Trace
10903 =head2 Carp::Heavy, Carp heavy machinery - no user serviceable parts inside
10905 =head2 Class::ISA -- report the search path for a class's ISA tree
10915 the function Class::ISA::super_path($CLASS), the function
10916 Class::ISA::self_and_super_path($CLASS), the function
10917 Class::ISA::self_and_super_versions($CLASS)
10919 =item CAUTIONARY NOTES
10927 =head2 Class::Struct - declare struct-like datatypes as Perl classes
10937 =item The C<struct()> function
10939 =item Class Creation at Compile Time
10941 =item Element Types and Accessor Methods
10943 Scalar (C<'$'> or C<'*$'>), Array (C<'@'> or C<'*@'>), Hash (C<'%'> or
10944 C<'*%'>), Class (C<'Class_Name'> or C<'*Class_Name'>)
10946 =item Initializing with C<new>
10952 Example 1, Example 2, Example 3
10954 =item Author and Modification History
10958 =head2 Config - access Perl configuration information
10966 myconfig(), config_sh(), config_re($regex), config_vars(@names)
10978 C<_a>, C<_exe>, C<_o>
10982 C<afs>, C<afsroot>, C<alignbytes>, C<ansi2knr>, C<aphostname>,
10983 C<api_revision>, C<api_subversion>, C<api_version>, C<api_versionstring>,
10984 C<ar>, C<archlib>, C<archlibexp>, C<archname64>, C<archname>, C<archobjs>,
10985 C<asctime_r_proto>, C<awk>
10989 C<baserev>, C<bash>, C<bin>, C<binexp>, C<bison>, C<byacc>, C<byteorder>
10993 C<c>, C<castflags>, C<cat>, C<cc>, C<cccdlflags>, C<ccdlflags>, C<ccflags>,
10994 C<ccflags_uselargefiles>, C<ccname>, C<ccsymbols>, C<ccversion>, C<cf_by>,
10995 C<cf_email>, C<cf_time>, C<charsize>, C<chgrp>, C<chmod>, C<chown>,
10996 C<clocktype>, C<comm>, C<compress>, C<contains>, C<cp>, C<cpio>, C<cpp>,
10997 C<cpp_stuff>, C<cppccsymbols>, C<cppflags>, C<cpplast>, C<cppminus>,
10998 C<cpprun>, C<cppstdin>, C<cppsymbols>, C<crypt_r_proto>, C<cryptlib>,
10999 C<csh>, C<ctermid_r_proto>, C<ctime_r_proto>
11003 C<d__fwalk>, C<d_access>, C<d_accessx>, C<d_aintl>, C<d_alarm>,
11004 C<d_archlib>, C<d_asctime_r>, C<d_atolf>, C<d_atoll>, C<d_attribut>,
11005 C<d_bcmp>, C<d_bcopy>, C<d_bsd>, C<d_bsdgetpgrp>, C<d_bsdsetpgrp>,
11006 C<d_bzero>, C<d_casti32>, C<d_castneg>, C<d_charvspr>, C<d_chown>,
11007 C<d_chroot>, C<d_chsize>, C<d_class>, C<d_closedir>, C<d_cmsghdr_s>,
11008 C<d_const>, C<d_copysignl>, C<d_crypt>, C<d_crypt_r>, C<d_csh>,
11009 C<d_ctermid_r>, C<d_ctime_r>, C<d_cuserid>, C<d_dbl_dig>,
11010 C<d_dbminitproto>, C<d_difftime>, C<d_dirfd>, C<d_dirnamlen>, C<d_dlerror>,
11011 C<d_dlopen>, C<d_dlsymun>, C<d_dosuid>, C<d_drand48_r>, C<d_drand48proto>,
11012 C<d_dup2>, C<d_eaccess>, C<d_endgrent>, C<d_endgrent_r>, C<d_endhent>,
11013 C<d_endhostent_r>, C<d_endnent>, C<d_endnetent_r>, C<d_endpent>,
11014 C<d_endprotoent_r>, C<d_endpwent>, C<d_endpwent_r>, C<d_endsent>,
11015 C<d_endservent_r>, C<d_eofnblk>, C<d_eunice>, C<d_faststdio>, C<d_fchdir>,
11016 C<d_fchmod>, C<d_fchown>, C<d_fcntl>, C<d_fcntl_can_lock>, C<d_fd_macros>,
11017 C<d_fd_set>, C<d_fds_bits>, C<d_fgetpos>, C<d_finite>, C<d_finitel>,
11018 C<d_flexfnam>, C<d_flock>, C<d_flockproto>, C<d_fork>, C<d_fp_class>,
11019 C<d_fpathconf>, C<d_fpclass>, C<d_fpclassify>, C<d_fpclassl>,
11020 C<d_fpos64_t>, C<d_frexpl>, C<d_fs_data_s>, C<d_fseeko>, C<d_fsetpos>,
11021 C<d_fstatfs>, C<d_fstatvfs>, C<d_fsync>, C<d_ftello>, C<d_ftime>,
11022 C<d_Gconvert>, C<d_getcwd>, C<d_getespwnam>, C<d_getfsstat>, C<d_getgrent>,
11023 C<d_getgrent_r>, C<d_getgrgid_r>, C<d_getgrnam_r>, C<d_getgrps>,
11024 C<d_gethbyaddr>, C<d_gethbyname>, C<d_gethent>, C<d_gethname>,
11025 C<d_gethostbyaddr_r>, C<d_gethostbyname_r>, C<d_gethostent_r>,
11026 C<d_gethostprotos>, C<d_getitimer>, C<d_getlogin>, C<d_getlogin_r>,
11027 C<d_getmnt>, C<d_getmntent>, C<d_getnbyaddr>, C<d_getnbyname>,
11028 C<d_getnent>, C<d_getnetbyaddr_r>, C<d_getnetbyname_r>, C<d_getnetent_r>,
11029 C<d_getnetprotos>, C<d_getpagsz>, C<d_getpbyname>, C<d_getpbynumber>,
11030 C<d_getpent>, C<d_getpgid>, C<d_getpgrp2>, C<d_getpgrp>, C<d_getppid>,
11031 C<d_getprior>, C<d_getprotobyname_r>, C<d_getprotobynumber_r>,
11032 C<d_getprotoent_r>, C<d_getprotoprotos>, C<d_getprpwnam>, C<d_getpwent>,
11033 C<d_getpwent_r>, C<d_getpwnam_r>, C<d_getpwuid_r>, C<d_getsbyname>,
11034 C<d_getsbyport>, C<d_getsent>, C<d_getservbyname_r>, C<d_getservbyport_r>,
11035 C<d_getservent_r>, C<d_getservprotos>, C<d_getspnam>, C<d_getspnam_r>,
11036 C<d_gettimeod>, C<d_gmtime_r>, C<d_gnulibc>, C<d_grpasswd>, C<d_hasmntopt>,
11037 C<d_htonl>, C<d_ilogbl>, C<d_index>, C<d_inetaton>, C<d_int64_t>,
11038 C<d_isascii>, C<d_isfinite>, C<d_isinf>, C<d_isnan>, C<d_isnanl>,
11039 C<d_killpg>, C<d_lchown>, C<d_ldbl_dig>, C<d_link>, C<d_localtime_r>,
11040 C<d_locconv>, C<d_lockf>, C<d_longdbl>, C<d_longlong>, C<d_lseekproto>,
11041 C<d_lstat>, C<d_madvise>, C<d_mblen>, C<d_mbstowcs>, C<d_mbtowc>,
11042 C<d_memchr>, C<d_memcmp>, C<d_memcpy>, C<d_memmove>, C<d_memset>,
11043 C<d_mkdir>, C<d_mkdtemp>, C<d_mkfifo>, C<d_mkstemp>, C<d_mkstemps>,
11044 C<d_mktime>, C<d_mmap>, C<d_modfl>, C<d_modfl_pow32_bug>, C<d_modflproto>,
11045 C<d_mprotect>, C<d_msg>, C<d_msg_ctrunc>, C<d_msg_dontroute>, C<d_msg_oob>,
11046 C<d_msg_peek>, C<d_msg_proxy>, C<d_msgctl>, C<d_msgget>, C<d_msghdr_s>,
11047 C<d_msgrcv>, C<d_msgsnd>, C<d_msync>, C<d_munmap>, C<d_mymalloc>,
11048 C<d_nice>, C<d_nl_langinfo>, C<d_nv_preserves_uv>, C<d_off64_t>,
11049 C<d_old_pthread_create_joinable>, C<d_oldpthreads>, C<d_oldsock>,
11050 C<d_open3>, C<d_pathconf>, C<d_pause>, C<d_perl_otherlibdirs>,
11051 C<d_phostname>, C<d_pipe>, C<d_poll>, C<d_portable>, C<d_PRId64>,
11052 C<d_PRIeldbl>, C<d_PRIEUldbl>, C<d_PRIfldbl>, C<d_PRIFUldbl>,
11053 C<d_PRIgldbl>, C<d_PRIGUldbl>, C<d_PRIi64>, C<d_PRIo64>, C<d_PRIu64>,
11054 C<d_PRIx64>, C<d_PRIXU64>, C<d_procselfexe>, C<d_pthread_atfork>,
11055 C<d_pthread_attr_setscope>, C<d_pthread_yield>, C<d_pwage>, C<d_pwchange>,
11056 C<d_pwclass>, C<d_pwcomment>, C<d_pwexpire>, C<d_pwgecos>, C<d_pwpasswd>,
11057 C<d_pwquota>, C<d_qgcvt>, C<d_quad>, C<d_random_r>, C<d_readdir64_r>,
11058 C<d_readdir>, C<d_readdir_r>, C<d_readlink>, C<d_readv>, C<d_recvmsg>,
11059 C<d_rename>, C<d_rewinddir>, C<d_rmdir>, C<d_safebcpy>, C<d_safemcpy>,
11060 C<d_sanemcmp>, C<d_sbrkproto>, C<d_scalbnl>, C<d_sched_yield>,
11061 C<d_scm_rights>, C<d_SCNfldbl>, C<d_seekdir>, C<d_select>, C<d_sem>,
11062 C<d_semctl>, C<d_semctl_semid_ds>, C<d_semctl_semun>, C<d_semget>,
11063 C<d_semop>, C<d_sendmsg>, C<d_setegid>, C<d_seteuid>, C<d_setgrent>,
11064 C<d_setgrent_r>, C<d_setgrps>, C<d_sethent>, C<d_sethostent_r>,
11065 C<d_setitimer>, C<d_setlinebuf>, C<d_setlocale>, C<d_setlocale_r>,
11066 C<d_setnent>, C<d_setnetent_r>, C<d_setpent>, C<d_setpgid>, C<d_setpgrp2>,
11067 C<d_setpgrp>, C<d_setprior>, C<d_setproctitle>, C<d_setprotoent_r>,
11068 C<d_setpwent>, C<d_setpwent_r>, C<d_setregid>, C<d_setresgid>,
11069 C<d_setresuid>, C<d_setreuid>, C<d_setrgid>, C<d_setruid>, C<d_setsent>,
11070 C<d_setservent_r>, C<d_setsid>, C<d_setvbuf>, C<d_sfio>, C<d_shm>,
11071 C<d_shmat>, C<d_shmatprototype>, C<d_shmctl>, C<d_shmdt>, C<d_shmget>,
11072 C<d_sigaction>, C<d_sigprocmask>, C<d_sigsetjmp>, C<d_sockatmark>,
11073 C<d_sockatmarkproto>, C<d_socket>, C<d_socklen_t>, C<d_sockpair>,
11074 C<d_socks5_init>, C<d_sqrtl>, C<d_srand48_r>, C<d_srandom_r>,
11075 C<d_sresgproto>, C<d_sresuproto>, C<d_statblks>, C<d_statfs_f_flags>,
11076 C<d_statfs_s>, C<d_statvfs>, C<d_stdio_cnt_lval>, C<d_stdio_ptr_lval>,
11077 C<d_stdio_ptr_lval_nochange_cnt>, C<d_stdio_ptr_lval_sets_cnt>,
11078 C<d_stdio_stream_array>, C<d_stdiobase>, C<d_stdstdio>, C<d_strchr>,
11079 C<d_strcoll>, C<d_strctcpy>, C<d_strerrm>, C<d_strerror>, C<d_strerror_r>,
11080 C<d_strftime>, C<d_strtod>, C<d_strtol>, C<d_strtold>, C<d_strtoll>,
11081 C<d_strtoq>, C<d_strtoul>, C<d_strtoull>, C<d_strtouq>, C<d_strxfrm>,
11082 C<d_suidsafe>, C<d_symlink>, C<d_syscall>, C<d_syscallproto>, C<d_sysconf>,
11083 C<d_sysernlst>, C<d_syserrlst>, C<d_system>, C<d_tcgetpgrp>,
11084 C<d_tcsetpgrp>, C<d_telldir>, C<d_telldirproto>, C<d_time>, C<d_times>,
11085 C<d_tm_tm_gmtoff>, C<d_tm_tm_zone>, C<d_tmpnam_r>, C<d_truncate>,
11086 C<d_ttyname_r>, C<d_tzname>, C<d_u32align>, C<d_ualarm>, C<d_umask>,
11087 C<d_uname>, C<d_union_semun>, C<d_unordered>, C<d_usleep>,
11088 C<d_usleepproto>, C<d_ustat>, C<d_vendorarch>, C<d_vendorbin>,
11089 C<d_vendorlib>, C<d_vendorscript>, C<d_vfork>, C<d_void_closedir>,
11090 C<d_voidsig>, C<d_voidtty>, C<d_volatile>, C<d_vprintf>, C<d_wait4>,
11091 C<d_waitpid>, C<d_wcstombs>, C<d_wctomb>, C<d_writev>, C<d_xenix>, C<date>,
11092 C<db_hashtype>, C<db_prefixtype>, C<db_version_major>, C<db_version_minor>,
11093 C<db_version_patch>, C<defvoidused>, C<direntrytype>, C<dlext>, C<dlsrc>,
11094 C<doublesize>, C<drand01>, C<drand48_r_proto>, C<dynamic_ext>
11098 C<eagain>, C<ebcdic>, C<echo>, C<egrep>, C<emacs>, C<endgrent_r_proto>,
11099 C<endhostent_r_proto>, C<endnetent_r_proto>, C<endprotoent_r_proto>,
11100 C<endpwent_r_proto>, C<endservent_r_proto>, C<eunicefix>, C<exe_ext>,
11101 C<expr>, C<extensions>, C<extras>
11105 C<fflushall>, C<fflushNULL>, C<find>, C<firstmakefile>, C<flex>,
11106 C<fpossize>, C<fpostype>, C<freetype>, C<from>, C<full_ar>, C<full_csh>,
11111 C<gccansipedantic>, C<gccosandvers>, C<gccversion>, C<getgrent_r_proto>,
11112 C<getgrgid_r_proto>, C<getgrnam_r_proto>, C<gethostbyaddr_r_proto>,
11113 C<gethostbyname_r_proto>, C<gethostent_r_proto>, C<getlogin_r_proto>,
11114 C<getnetbyaddr_r_proto>, C<getnetbyname_r_proto>, C<getnetent_r_proto>,
11115 C<getprotobyname_r_proto>, C<getprotobynumber_r_proto>,
11116 C<getprotoent_r_proto>, C<getpwent_r_proto>, C<getpwnam_r_proto>,
11117 C<getpwuid_r_proto>, C<getservbyname_r_proto>, C<getservbyport_r_proto>,
11118 C<getservent_r_proto>, C<getspnam_r_proto>, C<gidformat>, C<gidsign>,
11119 C<gidsize>, C<gidtype>, C<glibpth>, C<gmake>, C<gmtime_r_proto>,
11120 C<gnulibc_version>, C<grep>, C<groupcat>, C<groupstype>, C<gzip>
11124 C<h_fcntl>, C<h_sysfile>, C<hint>, C<hostcat>, C<html1dir>, C<html1direxp>,
11125 C<html3dir>, C<html3direxp>
11129 C<i16size>, C<i16type>, C<i32size>, C<i32type>, C<i64size>, C<i64type>,
11130 C<i8size>, C<i8type>, C<i_arpainet>, C<i_bsdioctl>, C<i_crypt>, C<i_db>,
11131 C<i_dbm>, C<i_dirent>, C<i_dld>, C<i_dlfcn>, C<i_fcntl>, C<i_float>,
11132 C<i_fp>, C<i_fp_class>, C<i_gdbm>, C<i_grp>, C<i_ieeefp>, C<i_inttypes>,
11133 C<i_langinfo>, C<i_libutil>, C<i_limits>, C<i_locale>, C<i_machcthr>,
11134 C<i_malloc>, C<i_math>, C<i_memory>, C<i_mntent>, C<i_ndbm>, C<i_netdb>,
11135 C<i_neterrno>, C<i_netinettcp>, C<i_niin>, C<i_poll>, C<i_prot>,
11136 C<i_pthread>, C<i_pwd>, C<i_rpcsvcdbm>, C<i_sfio>, C<i_sgtty>, C<i_shadow>,
11137 C<i_socks>, C<i_stdarg>, C<i_stddef>, C<i_stdlib>, C<i_string>,
11138 C<i_sunmath>, C<i_sysaccess>, C<i_sysdir>, C<i_sysfile>, C<i_sysfilio>,
11139 C<i_sysin>, C<i_sysioctl>, C<i_syslog>, C<i_sysmman>, C<i_sysmode>,
11140 C<i_sysmount>, C<i_sysndir>, C<i_sysparam>, C<i_sysresrc>, C<i_syssecrt>,
11141 C<i_sysselct>, C<i_syssockio>, C<i_sysstat>, C<i_sysstatfs>,
11142 C<i_sysstatvfs>, C<i_systime>, C<i_systimek>, C<i_systimes>, C<i_systypes>,
11143 C<i_sysuio>, C<i_sysun>, C<i_sysutsname>, C<i_sysvfs>, C<i_syswait>,
11144 C<i_termio>, C<i_termios>, C<i_time>, C<i_unistd>, C<i_ustat>, C<i_utime>,
11145 C<i_values>, C<i_varargs>, C<i_varhdr>, C<i_vfork>,
11146 C<ignore_versioned_solibs>, C<inc_version_list>, C<inc_version_list_init>,
11147 C<incpath>, C<inews>, C<installarchlib>, C<installbin>, C<installhtml1dir>,
11148 C<installhtml3dir>, C<installman1dir>, C<installman3dir>, C<installprefix>,
11149 C<installprefixexp>, C<installprivlib>, C<installscript>,
11150 C<installsitearch>, C<installsitebin>, C<installsitehtml1dir>,
11151 C<installsitehtml3dir>, C<installsitelib>, C<installsiteman1dir>,
11152 C<installsiteman3dir>, C<installsitescript>, C<installstyle>,
11153 C<installusrbinperl>, C<installvendorarch>, C<installvendorbin>,
11154 C<installvendorhtml1dir>, C<installvendorhtml3dir>, C<installvendorlib>,
11155 C<installvendorman1dir>, C<installvendorman3dir>, C<installvendorscript>,
11156 C<intsize>, C<issymlink>, C<ivdformat>, C<ivsize>, C<ivtype>
11160 C<known_extensions>, C<ksh>
11164 C<ld>, C<lddlflags>, C<ldflags>, C<ldflags_uselargefiles>, C<ldlibpthname>,
11165 C<less>, C<lib_ext>, C<libc>, C<libperl>, C<libpth>, C<libs>, C<libsdirs>,
11166 C<libsfiles>, C<libsfound>, C<libspath>, C<libswanted>,
11167 C<libswanted_uselargefiles>, C<line>, C<lint>, C<lkflags>, C<ln>, C<lns>,
11168 C<localtime_r_proto>, C<locincpth>, C<loclibpth>, C<longdblsize>,
11169 C<longlongsize>, C<longsize>, C<lp>, C<lpr>, C<ls>, C<lseeksize>,
11174 C<mail>, C<mailx>, C<make>, C<make_set_make>, C<mallocobj>, C<mallocsrc>,
11175 C<malloctype>, C<man1dir>, C<man1direxp>, C<man1ext>, C<man3dir>,
11176 C<man3direxp>, C<man3ext>
11180 C<Mcc>, C<mips_type>, C<mistrustnm>, C<mkdir>, C<mmaptype>, C<modetype>,
11181 C<more>, C<multiarch>, C<mv>, C<myarchname>, C<mydomain>, C<myhostname>,
11186 C<n>, C<need_va_copy>, C<netdb_hlen_type>, C<netdb_host_type>,
11187 C<netdb_name_type>, C<netdb_net_type>, C<nm>, C<nm_opt>, C<nm_so_opt>,
11188 C<nonxs_ext>, C<nroff>, C<nv_preserves_uv_bits>, C<nveformat>,
11189 C<nvEUformat>, C<nvfformat>, C<nvFUformat>, C<nvgformat>, C<nvGUformat>,
11190 C<nvsize>, C<nvtype>
11194 C<o_nonblock>, C<obj_ext>, C<old_pthread_create_joinable>, C<optimize>,
11195 C<orderlib>, C<osname>, C<osvers>, C<otherlibdirs>
11199 C<package>, C<pager>, C<passcat>, C<patchlevel>, C<path_sep>, C<perl5>,
11200 C<perl>, C<perl_patchlevel>
11204 C<PERL_REVISION>, C<PERL_SUBVERSION>, C<PERL_VERSION>, C<perladmin>,
11205 C<perllibs>, C<perlpath>, C<pg>, C<phostname>, C<pidtype>, C<plibpth>,
11206 C<pm_apiversion>, C<pmake>, C<pr>, C<prefix>, C<prefixexp>, C<privlib>,
11207 C<privlibexp>, C<procselfexe>, C<prototype>, C<ptrsize>
11211 C<quadkind>, C<quadtype>
11215 C<randbits>, C<randfunc>, C<random_r_proto>, C<randseedtype>, C<ranlib>,
11216 C<rd_nodata>, C<readdir64_r_proto>, C<readdir_r_proto>, C<revision>, C<rm>,
11217 C<rmail>, C<run>, C<runnm>
11221 C<sched_yield>, C<scriptdir>, C<scriptdirexp>, C<sed>, C<seedfunc>,
11222 C<selectminbits>, C<selecttype>, C<sendmail>, C<setgrent_r_proto>,
11223 C<sethostent_r_proto>, C<setlocale_r_proto>, C<setnetent_r_proto>,
11224 C<setprotoent_r_proto>, C<setpwent_r_proto>, C<setservent_r_proto>, C<sh>,
11225 C<shar>, C<sharpbang>, C<shmattype>, C<shortsize>, C<shrpenv>, C<shsharp>,
11226 C<sig_count>, C<sig_name>, C<sig_name_init>, C<sig_num>, C<sig_num_init>,
11227 C<sig_size>, C<signal_t>, C<sitearch>, C<sitearchexp>, C<sitebin>,
11228 C<sitebinexp>, C<sitehtml1dir>, C<sitehtml1direxp>, C<sitehtml3dir>,
11229 C<sitehtml3direxp>, C<sitelib>, C<sitelib_stem>, C<sitelibexp>,
11230 C<siteman1dir>, C<siteman1direxp>, C<siteman3dir>, C<siteman3direxp>,
11231 C<siteprefix>, C<siteprefixexp>, C<sitescript>, C<sitescriptexp>,
11232 C<sizesize>, C<sizetype>, C<sleep>, C<smail>, C<so>, C<sockethdr>,
11233 C<socketlib>, C<socksizetype>, C<sort>, C<spackage>, C<spitshell>,
11234 C<sPRId64>, C<sPRIeldbl>, C<sPRIEUldbl>, C<sPRIfldbl>, C<sPRIFUldbl>,
11235 C<sPRIgldbl>, C<sPRIGUldbl>, C<sPRIi64>, C<sPRIo64>, C<sPRIu64>,
11236 C<sPRIx64>, C<sPRIXU64>, C<srand48_r_proto>, C<srandom_r_proto>, C<src>,
11237 C<sSCNfldbl>, C<ssizetype>, C<startperl>, C<startsh>, C<static_ext>,
11238 C<stdchar>, C<stdio_base>, C<stdio_bufsiz>, C<stdio_cnt>, C<stdio_filbuf>,
11239 C<stdio_ptr>, C<stdio_stream_array>, C<strerror_r_proto>, C<strings>,
11240 C<submit>, C<subversion>, C<sysman>
11244 C<tail>, C<tar>, C<targetarch>, C<tbl>, C<tee>, C<test>, C<timeincl>,
11245 C<timetype>, C<tmpnam_r_proto>, C<to>, C<touch>, C<tr>, C<trnl>, C<troff>,
11250 C<u16size>, C<u16type>, C<u32size>, C<u32type>, C<u64size>, C<u64type>,
11251 C<u8size>, C<u8type>, C<uidformat>, C<uidsign>, C<uidsize>, C<uidtype>,
11252 C<uname>, C<uniq>, C<uquadtype>, C<use5005threads>, C<use64bitall>,
11253 C<use64bitint>, C<usecrosscompile>, C<usedl>, C<usefaststdio>,
11254 C<useithreads>, C<uselargefiles>, C<uselongdouble>, C<usemorebits>,
11255 C<usemultiplicity>, C<usemymalloc>, C<usenm>, C<useopcode>, C<useperlio>,
11256 C<useposix>, C<usereentrant>, C<usesfio>, C<useshrplib>, C<usesocks>,
11257 C<usethreads>, C<usevendorprefix>, C<usevfork>, C<usrinc>, C<uuname>,
11258 C<uvoformat>, C<uvsize>, C<uvtype>, C<uvuformat>, C<uvxformat>,
11263 C<vendorarch>, C<vendorarchexp>, C<vendorbin>, C<vendorbinexp>,
11264 C<vendorhtml1dir>, C<vendorhtml1direxp>, C<vendorhtml3dir>,
11265 C<vendorhtml3direxp>, C<vendorlib>, C<vendorlib_stem>, C<vendorlibexp>,
11266 C<vendorman1dir>, C<vendorman1direxp>, C<vendorman3dir>,
11267 C<vendorman3direxp>, C<vendorprefix>, C<vendorprefixexp>, C<vendorscript>,
11268 C<vendorscriptexp>, C<version>, C<version_patchlevel_string>,
11269 C<versiononly>, C<vi>, C<voidflags>
11273 C<xlibpth>, C<xs_apiversion>
11277 C<yacc>, C<yaccflags>
11289 =head2 Cwd - get pathname of current working directory
11299 =item getcwd and friends
11301 getcwd, cwd, fastcwd, fastgetcwd
11303 =item abs_path and friends
11305 abs_path, realpath, fast_abs_path
11317 =head2 DB - programmatic interface to the Perl debugging API (draft,
11329 =item Global Variables
11331 $DB::sub, %DB::sub, $DB::single, $DB::signal, $DB::trace, @DB::args,
11332 @DB::dbline, %DB::dbline, $DB::package, $DB::filename, $DB::subname,
11337 CLIENT->register(), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->skippkg('D::hide'),
11338 CLIENT->run(), CLIENT->step(), CLIENT->next(), CLIENT->done()
11340 =item Client Callback Methods
11342 CLIENT->init(), CLIENT->prestop([STRING]), CLIENT->stop(), CLIENT->idle(),
11343 CLIENT->poststop([STRING]), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->cleanup(),
11344 CLIENT->output(LIST)
11354 =head2 DB_File - Perl5 access to Berkeley DB version 1.x
11362 B<DB_HASH>, B<DB_BTREE>, B<DB_RECNO>
11366 =item Using DB_File with Berkeley DB version 2 or greater
11368 =item Interface to Berkeley DB
11370 =item Opening a Berkeley DB Database File
11372 =item Default Parameters
11374 =item In Memory Databases
11382 =item A Simple Example
11390 =item Changing the BTREE sort order
11392 =item Handling Duplicate Keys
11394 =item The get_dup() Method
11396 =item The find_dup() Method
11398 =item The del_dup() Method
11400 =item Matching Partial Keys
11408 =item The 'bval' Option
11410 =item A Simple Example
11412 =item Extra RECNO Methods
11414 B<$X-E<gt>push(list) ;>, B<$value = $X-E<gt>pop ;>, B<$X-E<gt>shift>,
11415 B<$X-E<gt>unshift(list) ;>, B<$X-E<gt>length>, B<$X-E<gt>splice(offset,
11416 length, elements);>
11418 =item Another Example
11422 =item THE API INTERFACE
11424 B<$status = $X-E<gt>get($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status =
11425 $X-E<gt>put($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>del($key [,
11426 $flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>fd ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>seq($key,
11427 $value, $flags) ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>sync([$flags]) ;>
11431 B<filter_store_key>, B<filter_store_value>, B<filter_fetch_key>,
11432 B<filter_fetch_value>
11438 =item An Example -- the NULL termination problem.
11440 =item Another Example -- Key is a C int.
11444 =item HINTS AND TIPS
11448 =item Locking: The Trouble with fd
11450 =item Safe ways to lock a database
11452 B<Tie::DB_Lock>, B<Tie::DB_LockFile>, B<DB_File::Lock>
11454 =item Sharing Databases With C Applications
11456 =item The untie() Gotcha
11460 =item COMMON QUESTIONS
11464 =item Why is there Perl source in my database?
11466 =item How do I store complex data structures with DB_File?
11468 =item What does "Invalid Argument" mean?
11470 =item What does "Bareword 'DB_File' not allowed" mean?
11490 =head2 Data::Dumper - stringified perl data structures, suitable for both
11491 printing and C<eval>
11503 I<PACKAGE>->new(I<ARRAYREF [>, I<ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Dump I<or>
11504 I<PACKAGE>->Dump(I<ARRAYREF [>, I<ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Seen(I<[HASHREF]>),
11505 I<$OBJ>->Values(I<[ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Names(I<[ARRAYREF]>),
11512 =item Configuration Variables or Methods
11538 =head2 Devel::DProf - a Perl code profiler
11546 =item PROFILE FORMAT
11558 =head2 Devel::PPPort - Perl/Pollution/Portability
11580 =head2 Devel::Peek - A data debugging tool for the XS programmer
11590 =item Runtime debugging
11592 =item Memory footprint debugging
11600 =item A simple scalar string
11602 =item A simple scalar number
11604 =item A simple scalar with an extra reference
11606 =item A reference to a simple scalar
11608 =item A reference to an array
11610 =item A reference to a hash
11612 =item Dumping a large array or hash
11614 =item A reference to an SV which holds a C pointer
11616 =item A reference to a subroutine
11630 =head2 Devel::SelfStubber - generate stubs for a SelfLoading module
11640 =head2 Digest:: - Modules that calculate message digests
11648 I<binary>, I<hex>, I<base64>
11652 $ctx = Digest->XXX($arg,...), $ctx = Digest->new(XXX => $arg,...), $ctx =
11653 Digest::XXX->new($arg,...), $other_ctx = $ctx->clone, $ctx->reset,
11654 $ctx->add($data,...), $ctx->addfile($io_handle), $ctx->digest,
11655 $ctx->hexdigest, $ctx->b64digest
11663 =head2 Digest::MD5 - Perl interface to the MD5 Algorithm
11673 md5($data,...), md5_hex($data,...), md5_base64($data,...)
11677 $md5 = Digest::MD5->new, $md5->reset, $md5->clone, $md5->add($data,...),
11678 $md5->addfile($io_handle), $md5->digest, $md5->hexdigest, $md5->b64digest
11690 =head2 DirHandle - supply object methods for directory handles
11702 =head2 Dumpvalue - provides screen dump of Perl data.
11714 C<arrayDepth>, C<hashDepth>, C<compactDump>, C<veryCompact>, C<globPrint>,
11715 C<dumpDBFiles>, C<dumpPackages>, C<dumpReused>, C<tick>, C<quoteHighBit>,
11716 C<printUndef>, C<usageOnly>, unctrl, subdump, bareStringify, quoteHighBit,
11721 dumpValue, dumpValues, stringify, dumpvars, set_quote, set_unctrl,
11722 compactDump, veryCompact, set, get
11728 =head2 DynaLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code
11736 @dl_library_path, @dl_resolve_using, @dl_require_symbols, @dl_librefs,
11737 @dl_modules, dl_error(), $dl_debug, dl_findfile(), dl_expandspec(),
11738 dl_load_file(), dl_unload_file(), dl_load_flags(), dl_find_symbol(),
11739 dl_find_symbol_anywhere(), dl_undef_symbols(), dl_install_xsub(),
11746 =head2 DynaLoader::XSLoader, XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into
11759 =head2 Encode - character encodings
11767 =item Table of Contents
11779 =item PERL ENCODING API
11781 $octets = encode(ENCODING, $string [, CHECK]), $string = decode(ENCODING,
11782 $octets [, CHECK]), [$length =] from_to($octets, FROM_ENC, TO_ENC [,
11783 CHECK]), $octets = encode_utf8($string);, $string = decode_utf8($octets [,
11788 =item Listing available encodings
11790 =item Defining Aliases
11794 =item Encoding via PerlIO
11796 =item Handling Malformed Data
11798 I<CHECK> = Encode::FB_DEFAULT ( == 0), I<CHECK> = Encode::FB_CROAK ( == 1),
11799 I<CHECK> = Encode::FB_QUIET, I<CHECK> = Encode::FB_WARN, perlqq mode
11800 (I<CHECK> = Encode::FB_PERLQQ), HTML charref mode (I<CHECK> =
11801 Encode::FB_HTMLCREF), XML charref mode (I<CHECK> = Encode::FB_XMLCREF), The
11806 =item Unimplemented fallback schemes
11810 =item Defining Encodings
11812 =item The UTF-8 flag
11814 Goal #1:, Goal #2:, Goal #3:, Goal #4:
11818 =item Messing with Perl's Internals
11820 is_utf8(STRING [, CHECK]), _utf8_on(STRING), _utf8_off(STRING)
11830 =head2 Encode::Alias - alias definitions to encodings
11838 As a simple string, As a qr// compiled regular expression, e.g.:, As a code
11843 =item Alias overloading
11851 =head2 Encode::Byte - Single Byte Encodings
11865 =head2 Encode::CJKConstants -- Internally used by Encode::??::ISO_2022_*
11867 =head2 Encode::CN - China-based Chinese Encodings
11883 =head2 Encode::CN::HZ -- internally used by Encode::CN
11885 =head2 Encode::Config -- internally used by Encode
11887 =head2 Encode::EBCDIC - EBCDIC Encodings
11901 =head2 Encode::Encoding - Encode Implementation Base Class
11911 =item Methods you should implement
11913 -E<gt>encode($string [,$check]), -E<gt>decode($octets [,$check]),
11914 -E<gt>cat_decode($destination, $octets, $offset, $terminator [,$check])
11916 =item Other methods defined in Encode::Encodings
11918 -E<gt>name, -E<gt>renew, -E<gt>perlio_ok(), -E<gt>needs_lines()
11920 =item Example: Encode::ROT13
11924 =item Why the heck Encode API is different?
11928 =item Compiled Encodings
11934 Scheme 1, Scheme 2, Other Schemes
11938 =head2 Encode::Guess -- Guesses encoding from data
11948 Encode::Guess->set_suspects, Encode::Guess->add_suspects,
11949 Encode::decode("Guess" ...), Encode::Guess->guess($data),
11950 guess_encoding($data, [, I<list of suspects>])
11960 =head2 Encode::JP - Japanese Encodings
11970 =item Note on ISO-2022-JP(-1)?
11978 =head2 Encode::JP::H2Z -- internally used by Encode::JP::2022_JP*
11980 =head2 Encode::JP::JIS7 -- internally used by Encode::JP
11982 =head2 Encode::KR - Korean Encodings
11996 =head2 Encode::KR::2022_KR -- internally used by Encode::KR
11998 =head2 Encode::MIME::Header -- MIME 'B' and 'Q' header encoding
12014 =head2 Encode::PerlIO -- a detailed document on Encode and PerlIO
12020 =item How does it work?
12022 =item Line Buffering
12026 =item How can I tell whether my encoding fully supports PerlIO ?
12034 =head2 Encode::Supported -- Encodings supported by Encode
12042 =item Encoding Names
12046 =item Supported Encodings
12050 =item Built-in Encodings
12052 =item Encode::Unicode -- other Unicode encodings
12054 =item Encode::Byte -- Extended ASCII
12056 ISO-8859 and corresponding vendor mappings, KOI8 - De Facto Standard for
12057 the Cyrillic world, gsm0338 - Hentai Latin 1
12059 =item CJK: Chinese, Japanese, Korean (Multibyte)
12061 Encode::CN -- Continental China, Encode::JP -- Japan, Encode::KR -- Korea,
12062 Encode::TW -- Taiwan, Encode::HanExtra -- More Chinese via CPAN,
12063 Encode::JIS2K -- JIS X 0213 encodings via CPAN
12065 =item Miscellaneous encodings
12067 Encode::EBCDIC, Encode::Symbols, Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::Guess
12071 =item Unsupported encodings
12073 ISO-2022-JP-2 [RFC1554], ISO-2022-CN [RFC1922], Various HP-UX encodings,
12074 Cyrillic encoding ISO-IR-111, ISO-8859-8-1 [Hebrew], ISIRI 3342, Iran
12075 System, ISIRI 2900 [Farsi], Thai encoding TCVN, Vietnamese encodings VPS,
12076 Various Mac encodings, (Mac) Indic encodings
12078 =item Encoding vs. Charset -- terminology
12080 =item Encoding Classification (by Anton Tagunov and Dan Kogai)
12084 =item Microsoft-related naming mess
12086 KS_C_5601-1987, GB2312, Big5, Shift_JIS
12092 character repertoire, coded character set (CCS), character encoding scheme
12093 (CES), charset (in MIME context), EUC, ISO-2022, UCS, UCS-2, Unicode, UTF,
12100 ECMA, ECMA-035 (eq C<ISO-2022>), IANA, Assigned Charset Names by IANA, ISO,
12101 RFC, UC, Unicode Glossary
12105 =item Other Notable Sites
12107 czyborra.com, CJK.inf, Jungshik Shin's Hangul FAQ, debian.org:
12108 "Introduction to i18n"
12110 =item Offline sources
12112 C<CJKV Information Processing> by Ken Lunde
12118 =head2 Encode::Symbol - Symbol Encodings
12132 =head2 Encode::TW - Taiwan-based Chinese Encodings
12148 =head2 Encode::Unicode -- Various Unicode Transformation Formats
12156 L<http://www.unicode.org/glossary/> says:, Quick Reference
12158 =item Size, Endianness, and BOM
12164 =item by endianness
12166 BOM as integer when fetched in network byte order
12170 =item Surrogate Pairs
12176 =head2 Encode::Unicode::UTF7 -- UTF-7 encoding
12190 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Alias, Encode::Alias - alias definitions to
12199 As a simple string, As a qr// compiled regular expression, e.g.:, As a code
12204 =item Alias overloading
12212 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::CJKConstants, Encode::CJKConstants.pm --
12213 Internally used by Encode::??::ISO_2022_*
12215 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::CN::HZ, Encode::CN::HZ -- internally used by
12218 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Config, Encode::Config -- internally used by
12221 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Encoding, Encode::Encoding - Encode
12222 Implementation Base Class
12232 =item Methods you should implement
12234 -E<gt>encode($string [,$check]), -E<gt>decode($octets [,$check]),
12235 -E<gt>cat_decode($destination, $octets, $offset, $terminator [,$check])
12237 =item Other methods defined in Encode::Encodings
12239 -E<gt>name, -E<gt>renew, -E<gt>perlio_ok(), -E<gt>needs_lines()
12241 =item Example: Encode::ROT13
12245 =item Why the heck Encode API is different?
12249 =item Compiled Encodings
12255 Scheme 1, Scheme 2, Other Schemes
12259 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Guess, Encode::Guess -- Guesses encoding from
12270 Encode::Guess->set_suspects, Encode::Guess->add_suspects,
12271 Encode::decode("Guess" ...), Encode::Guess->guess($data),
12272 guess_encoding($data, [, I<list of suspects>])
12282 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::JP::H2Z, Encode::JP::H2Z -- internally used by
12283 Encode::JP::2022_JP*
12285 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::JP::JIS7, Encode::JP::JIS7 -- internally used
12288 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::KR::2022_KR, Encode::KR::2022_KR -- internally
12291 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::MIME::Header -- MIME 'B'
12292 and 'Q' header encoding
12308 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::PerlIO, Encode::PerlIO -- a detailed document
12309 on Encode and PerlIO
12315 =item How does it work?
12317 =item Line Buffering
12321 =item How can I tell whether my encoding fully supports PerlIO ?
12329 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Supported, Encode::Supported -- Encodings
12330 supported by Encode
12338 =item Encoding Names
12342 =item Supported Encodings
12346 =item Built-in Encodings
12348 =item Encode::Unicode -- other Unicode encodings
12350 =item Encode::Byte -- Extended ASCII
12352 ISO-8859 and corresponding vendor mappings, KOI8 - De Facto Standard for
12353 the Cyrillic world, gsm0338 - Hentai Latin 1
12355 =item CJK: Chinese, Japanese, Korean (Multibyte)
12357 Encode::CN -- Continental China, Encode::JP -- Japan, Encode::KR -- Korea,
12358 Encode::TW -- Taiwan, Encode::HanExtra -- More Chinese via CPAN,
12359 Encode::JIS2K -- JIS X 0213 encodings via CPAN
12361 =item Miscellaneous encodings
12363 Encode::EBCDIC, Encode::Symbols, Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::Guess
12367 =item Unsupported encodings
12369 ISO-2022-JP-2 [RFC1554], ISO-2022-CN [RFC1922], Various HP-UX encodings,
12370 Cyrillic encoding ISO-IR-111, ISO-8859-8-1 [Hebrew], ISIRI 3342, Iran
12371 System, ISIRI 2900 [Farsi], Thai encoding TCVN, Vietnamese encodings VPS,
12372 Various Mac encodings, (Mac) Indic encodings
12374 =item Encoding vs. Charset -- terminology
12376 =item Encoding Classification (by Anton Tagunov and Dan Kogai)
12380 =item Microsoft-related naming mess
12382 KS_C_5601-1987, GB2312, Big5, Shift_JIS
12388 character repertoire, coded character set (CCS), character encoding scheme
12389 (CES), charset (in MIME context), EUC, ISO-2022, UCS, UCS-2, Unicode, UTF,
12396 ECMA, ECMA-035 (eq C<ISO-2022>), IANA, Assigned Charset Names by IANA, ISO,
12397 RFC, UC, Unicode Glossary
12401 =item Other Notable Sites
12403 czyborra.com, CJK.inf, Jungshik Shin's Hangul FAQ, debian.org:
12404 "Introduction to i18n"
12406 =item Offline sources
12408 C<CJKV Information Processing> by Ken Lunde
12414 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Unicode::UTF7, Encode::Unicode::UTF7 -- UTF-7
12429 =head2 Encode::lib::Encoder, Encode::Encoder -- Object Oriented Encoder
12441 =item Predefined Methods
12443 $e = Encode::Encoder-E<gt>new([$data, $encoding]);, encoder(),
12444 $e-E<gt>data([$data]), $e-E<gt>encoding([$encoding]),
12445 $e-E<gt>bytes([$encoding])
12447 =item Example: base64 transcoder
12449 =item Operator Overloading
12457 =head2 Encodencoding, encoding - allows you to write your script in
12458 non-ascii or non-utf8
12468 =item Literal Conversions
12470 =item PerlIO layers for C<STD(IN|OUT)>
12474 =item FEATURES THAT REQUIRE 5.8.1
12476 "NON-EUC" doublebyte encodings, tr//, DATA pseudo-filehandle
12480 use encoding [I<ENCNAME>] ;, use encoding I<ENCNAME> [ STDIN =E<gt>
12481 I<ENCNAME_IN> ...] ;, use encoding I<ENCNAME> Filter=E<gt>1;, no encoding;
12483 =item The Filter Option
12487 =item Filter-related changes at Encode version 1.87
12497 =item DO NOT MIX MULTIPLE ENCODINGS
12499 =item tr/// with ranges
12501 Legend of characters above
12505 =item EXAMPLE - Greekperl
12507 =item KNOWN PROBLEMS
12509 literals in regex that are longer than 127 bytes, EBCDIC, format
12517 =head2 Encoder, Encode::Encoder -- Object Oriented Encoder
12529 =item Predefined Methods
12531 $e = Encode::Encoder-E<gt>new([$data, $encoding]);, encoder(),
12532 $e-E<gt>data([$data]), $e-E<gt>encoding([$encoding]),
12533 $e-E<gt>bytes([$encoding])
12535 =item Example: base64 transcoder
12537 =item Operator Overloading
12545 =head2 English - use nice English (or awk) names for ugly punctuation
12558 =head2 Env - perl module that imports environment variables as scalars or
12573 =head2 Errno - System errno constants
12589 =head2 Exporter - Implements default import method for modules
12599 =item How to Export
12601 =item Selecting What To Export
12603 =item How to Import
12605 C<use ModuleName;>, C<use ModuleName ();>, C<use ModuleName qw(...);>
12609 =item Advanced features
12613 =item Specialised Import Lists
12615 =item Exporting without using Exporter's import method
12617 =item Module Version Checking
12619 =item Managing Unknown Symbols
12621 =item Tag Handling Utility Functions
12623 =item Generating combined tags
12625 =item C<AUTOLOAD>ed Constants
12631 =head2 Exporter::Heavy - Exporter guts
12641 =head2 ExtUtils::Command - utilities to replace common UNIX commands in
12662 mv source... destination
12664 cp source... destination
12682 =head2 ExtUtils::Command::MM - Commands for the MM's to use in Makefiles
12696 B<warn_if_old_packlist>
12698 B<perllocal_install>
12702 =head2 ExtUtils::Constant - generate XS code to import C header constants
12712 IV, UV, NV, PV, PVN, SV, YES, NO, UNDEF
12720 perl_stringify NAME
12724 memEQ_clause NAME, CHECKED_AT, INDENT
12726 assign INDENT, TYPE, PRE, POST, VALUE..
12730 switch_clause INDENT, NAMELEN, ITEMHASH, ITEM..
12738 C_constant, name, type, value, macro, default, pre, post, def_pre =item
12741 XS_constant PACKAGE, TYPES, SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME
12743 autoload PACKAGE, VERSION, AUTOLOADER
12745 WriteMakefileSnippet
12747 WriteConstants ATTRIBUTE =E<gt> VALUE [, ...], NAME, DEFAULT_TYPE,
12748 BREAKOUT_AT, NAMES, C_FILE, XS_FILE, SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME
12756 =head2 ExtUtils::Embed - Utilities for embedding Perl in C/C++ applications
12768 xsinit(), Examples, ldopts(), Examples, perl_inc(), ccflags(), ccdlflags(),
12769 ccopts(), xsi_header(), xsi_protos(@modules), xsi_body(@modules)
12779 =head2 ExtUtils::Install - install files from here to there
12797 B<install_default> I<DISCOURAGED>
12809 B<PERL_INSTALL_ROOT>
12817 =head2 ExtUtils::Installed - Inventory management of installed modules
12829 new(), modules(), files(), directories(), directory_tree(), validate(),
12830 packlist(), version()
12838 =head2 ExtUtils::Liblist - determine libraries to use and how to use them
12846 For static extensions, For dynamic extensions at build/link time, For
12847 dynamic extensions at load time
12853 =item LDLOADLIBS and LD_RUN_PATH
12863 =item VMS implementation
12865 =item Win32 implementation
12873 =head2 ExtUtils::MM - OS adjusted ExtUtils::MakeMaker subclass
12883 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Any - Platform agnostic MM methods
12891 =item Inherently Cross-Platform Methods
12901 =item File::Spec wrappers
12909 =item Thought To Be Cross-Platform Methods
12925 makemakerdflt_target
12943 metafile_addtomanifest_target
12947 =item Abstract methods
12949 oneliner, B<quote_literal>, B<escape_newlines>, max_exec_len,
12950 B<init_others>, init_DIRFILESEP, init_linker, init_platform,
12963 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_BeOS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
12964 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
12978 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
12979 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
12993 replace_manpage_separator (o)
12997 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_DOS - DOS specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix
13007 =item Overridden methods
13015 B<replace_manpage_separator>
13025 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_MacOS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
13026 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
13048 init_platform, platform_constants
13054 special_targets (o)
13064 clean_subdirs_target
13068 realclean_subdirs_target
13076 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_NW5 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
13077 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
13089 init_platform (o), platform_constants
13097 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_OS2 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
13098 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
13116 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_UWIN - U/WIN specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix
13126 =item Overridden methods
13134 B<replace_manpage_separator>
13144 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Unix - methods used by ExtUtils::MakeMaker
13170 clean_subdirs_target
13232 =item Methods to actually produce chunks of text for the Makefile
13262 init_platform (o), platform_constants (o)
13306 post_initialize (o)
13320 realclean_subdirs_target
13322 replace_manpage_separator
13344 test_via_harness (override)
13346 test_via_script (override)
13370 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_VMS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
13371 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
13381 =item Methods always loaded
13393 guess_name (override)
13397 find_perl (override)
13399 maybe_command (override)
13401 perl_script (override)
13403 replace_manpage_separator
13409 init_main (override)
13411 init_others (override)
13413 init_platform (override)
13417 init_VERSION (override)
13419 constants (override)
13425 const_cccmd (override)
13427 tool_sxubpp (override)
13429 tools_other (override)
13431 init_dist (override)
13441 dynamic_lib (override)
13443 dynamic_bs (override)
13445 static_lib (override)
13447 processPL (override)
13449 installbin (override)
13451 subdir_x (override)
13455 clean_subdirs_target
13457 realclean (override)
13459 zipfile_target (o), tarfile_target (o), shdist_target (o)
13461 dist_test (override)
13465 perldepend (override)
13467 makefile (override)
13469 find_tests (override)
13473 makeaperl (override)
13475 nicetext (override)
13477 prefixify (override)
13497 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Win32 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
13498 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
13510 =item Overridden methods
13516 replace_manpage_separator
13526 init_platform (o), platform_constants (o)
13528 special_targets (o)
13550 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Win95 - method to customize MakeMaker for Win9X
13560 =item Overriden methods
13576 clean_subdirs_target
13578 realclean_subdirs_target
13590 =head2 ExtUtils::MY - ExtUtils::MakeMaker subclass for customization
13600 =head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker - Create a module Makefile
13610 =item How To Write A Makefile.PL
13612 =item Default Makefile Behaviour
13620 =item PREFIX and LIB attribute
13624 =item Static Linking of a new Perl Binary
13626 =item Determination of Perl Library and Installation Locations
13628 =item Which architecture dependent directory?
13630 =item Using Attributes and Parameters
13632 ABSTRACT, ABSTRACT_FROM, AUTHOR, BINARY_LOCATION, C, CCFLAGS, CONFIG,
13633 CONFIGURE, DEFINE, DESTDIR, DIR, DISTNAME, DISTVNAME, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS,
13634 EXCLUDE_EXT, EXE_FILES, FIRST_MAKEFILE, FULLPERL, FULLPERLRUN,
13635 FULLPERLRUNINST, FUNCLIST, H, IMPORTS, INC, INCLUDE_EXT, INSTALLARCHLIB,
13636 INSTALLBIN, INSTALLDIRS, INSTALLMAN1DIR, INSTALLMAN3DIR, INSTALLPRIVLIB,
13637 INSTALLSCRIPT, INSTALLSITEARCH, INSTALLSITEBIN, INSTALLSITELIB,
13638 INSTALLSITEMAN1DIR, INSTALLSITEMAN3DIR, INSTALLVENDORARCH,
13639 INSTALLVENDORBIN, INSTALLVENDORLIB, INSTALLVENDORMAN1DIR,
13640 INSTALLVENDORMAN3DIR, INST_ARCHLIB, INST_BIN, INST_LIB, INST_MAN1DIR,
13641 INST_MAN3DIR, INST_SCRIPT, LD, LDDLFLAGS, LDFROM, LIB, LIBPERL_A, LIBS,
13642 LINKTYPE, MAKEAPERL, MAKEFILE_OLD, MAN1PODS, MAN3PODS, MAP_TARGET,
13643 MYEXTLIB, NAME, NEEDS_LINKING, NOECHO, NORECURS, NO_META, NO_VC, OBJECT,
13644 OPTIMIZE, PERL, PERL_CORE, PERLMAINCC, PERL_ARCHLIB, PERL_LIB,
13645 PERL_MALLOC_OK, PERLPREFIX, PERLRUN, PERLRUNINST, PERL_SRC, PERM_RW,
13646 PERM_RWX, PL_FILES, PM, PMLIBDIRS, PM_FILTER, POLLUTE, PPM_INSTALL_EXEC,
13647 PPM_INSTALL_SCRIPT, PREFIX, PREREQ_FATAL, PREREQ_PM, PREREQ_PRINT,
13648 PRINT_PREREQ, SITEPREFIX, SKIP, TYPEMAPS, VENDORPREFIX, VERBINST, VERSION,
13649 VERSION_FROM, VERSION_SYM, XS, XSOPT, XSPROTOARG, XS_VERSION
13651 =item Additional lowercase attributes
13653 clean, depend, dist, dynamic_lib, linkext, macro, postamble, realclean,
13654 test, tool_autosplit
13656 =item Overriding MakeMaker Methods
13658 =item The End Of Cargo Cult Programming
13660 C<<MAN3PODS => ' '>>
13662 =item Hintsfile support
13664 =item Distribution Support
13666 make distcheck, make skipcheck, make distclean, make manifest,
13667 make distdir, make disttest, make tardist, make dist, make
13668 uutardist, make shdist, make zipdist, make ci
13670 =item Module Meta-Data
13672 =item Disabling an extension
13674 =item Other Handy Functions
13682 PERL_MM_OPT, PERL_MM_USE_DEFAULT
13692 =head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::FAQ - Frequently Asked Questions About
13701 =item Philosophy and History
13703 Why not just use <insert other build config tool here>?, What's
13704 Module::Build and how does it relate to MakeMaker?, pure perl. no make, no
13705 shell commands, easier to customize, cleaner internals, less cruft
13707 =item Module Writing
13709 How do I keep my $VERSION up to date without resetting it manually?, What's
13710 this F<META.yml> thing and how did it get in my F<MANIFEST>?!
13714 How to I prevent "object version X.XX does not match bootstrap parameter
13715 Y.YY" errors?, How do I make two or more XS files coexist in the same
13728 =head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Tutorial - Writing a module with MakeMaker
13742 Makefile.PL, MANIFEST, lib/, t/, Changes, README, INSTALL, MANIFEST.SKIP,
13751 =head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::bytes - Version agnostic bytes.pm
13761 =head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::vmsish - Platform agnostic vmsish.pm
13771 =head2 ExtUtils::Manifest - utilities to write and check a MANIFEST file
13809 =item MANIFEST.SKIP
13813 =item GLOBAL VARIABLES
13821 C<Not in MANIFEST:> I<file>, C<Skipping> I<file>, C<No such file:> I<file>,
13822 C<MANIFEST:> I<$!>, C<Added to MANIFEST:> I<file>
13826 B<PERL_MM_MANIFEST_DEBUG>
13834 =head2 ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap - make a bootstrap file for use by DynaLoader
13844 =head2 ExtUtils::Mksymlists - write linker options files for dynamic
13853 DLBASE, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, FILE, FUNCLIST, IMPORTS, NAME
13861 =head2 ExtUtils::Packlist - manage .packlist files
13873 new(), read(), write(), validate(), packlist_file()
13881 =head2 ExtUtils::testlib - add blib/* directories to @INC
13891 =head2 Fatal - replace functions with equivalents which succeed or die
13903 =head2 Fcntl - load the C Fcntl.h defines
13913 =item EXPORTED SYMBOLS
13917 =head2 File::Basename, fileparse - split a pathname into pieces
13925 fileparse_set_fstype, fileparse
13929 C<basename>, C<dirname>
13933 =head2 File::CheckTree, validate - run many filetest checks on a tree
13947 =head2 File::Compare - Compare files or filehandles
13961 =head2 File::Copy - Copy files or filehandles
13971 =item Special behaviour if C<syscopy> is defined (OS/2, VMS and Win32)
13973 rmscopy($from,$to[,$date_flag])
13985 =head2 File::DosGlob - DOS like globbing and then some
13995 =item EXPORTS (by request only)
14007 =head2 File::Find - Traverse a directory tree.
14015 B<find>, B<finddepth>
14021 C<wanted>, C<bydepth>, C<preprocess>, C<postprocess>, C<follow>,
14022 C<follow_fast>, C<follow_skip>, C<dangling_symlinks>, C<no_chdir>,
14023 C<untaint>, C<untaint_pattern>, C<untaint_skip>
14025 =item The wanted function
14027 C<$File::Find::dir> is the current directory name,, C<$_> is the current
14028 filename within that directory, C<$File::Find::name> is the complete
14029 pathname to the file
14037 $dont_use_nlink, symlinks
14045 =head2 File::Glob - Perl extension for BSD glob routine
14053 C<GLOB_ERR>, C<GLOB_LIMIT>, C<GLOB_MARK>, C<GLOB_NOCASE>, C<GLOB_NOCHECK>,
14054 C<GLOB_NOSORT>, C<GLOB_BRACE>, C<GLOB_NOMAGIC>, C<GLOB_QUOTE>,
14055 C<GLOB_TILDE>, C<GLOB_CSH>, C<GLOB_ALPHASORT>
14059 C<GLOB_NOSPACE>, C<GLOB_ABEND>
14067 =head2 File::Path - create or remove directory trees
14081 =head2 File::Spec - portably perform operations on file names
14091 canonpath, catdir, catfile, curdir, devnull, rootdir, tmpdir, updir,
14092 no_upwards, case_tolerant, file_name_is_absolute, path, join, splitpath,
14093 splitdir, catpath(), abs2rel, rel2abs()
14101 =head2 File::Spec::Cygwin - methods for Cygwin file specs
14113 file_name_is_absolute
14117 =head2 File::Spec::Epoc - methods for Epoc file specs
14137 =head2 File::Spec::Functions - portably perform operations on file names
14155 =head2 File::Spec::Mac - File::Spec for Mac OS (Classic)
14183 file_name_is_absolute
14215 =head2 File::Spec::OS2 - methods for OS/2 file specs
14225 =head2 File::Spec::Unix - File::Spec for Unix, base for other File::Spec
14258 file_name_is_absolute
14280 =head2 File::Spec::VMS - methods for VMS file specs
14296 =item Methods always loaded
14298 canonpath (override)
14316 case_tolerant (override)
14320 file_name_is_absolute (override)
14322 splitpath (override)
14324 splitdir (override)
14338 =head2 File::Spec::Win32 - methods for Win32 file specs
14364 =item Note For File::Spec::Win32 Maintainers
14374 =head2 File::Temp - return name and handle of a temporary file safely
14398 =item MKTEMP FUNCTIONS
14412 =item POSIX FUNCTIONS
14422 =item ADDITIONAL FUNCTIONS
14430 =item UTILITY FUNCTIONS
14438 =item PACKAGE VARIABLES
14440 B<safe_level>, STANDARD, MEDIUM, HIGH
14452 =item Temporary files and NFS
14464 =head2 File::stat - by-name interface to Perl's built-in stat() functions
14480 =head2 FileCache - keep more files open than the system permits
14488 cacheout EXPR, cacheout MODE, EXPR
14498 =head2 FileHandle - supply object methods for filehandles
14506 $fh->print, $fh->printf, $fh->getline, $fh->getlines
14512 =head2 Filter::Simple - Simplified source filtering
14526 =item Disabling or changing <no> behaviour
14528 =item All-in-one interface
14530 =item Filtering only specific components of source code
14532 C<"code">, C<"executable">, C<"quotelike">, C<"string">, C<"regex">,
14535 =item Filtering only the code parts of source code
14537 Most source code ceases to be grammatically correct when it is broken up
14538 into the pieces between string literals and regexes. So the C<'code'>
14539 component filter behaves slightly differently from the other partial
14541 described in the previous section.
14543 =item Using Filter::Simple with an explicit C<import> subroutine
14545 =item Using Filter::Simple and Exporter together
14557 =head2 Filter::Util::Call - Perl Source Filter Utility Module
14567 =item B<use Filter::Util::Call>
14571 =item B<filter() and anonymous sub>
14573 B<$_>, B<$status>, B<filter_read> and B<filter_read_exact>, B<filter_del>
14581 =item Example 1: A simple filter.
14583 =item Example 2: Using the context
14585 =item Example 3: Using the context within the filter
14587 =item Example 4: Using filter_del
14591 =item Filter::Simple
14599 =head2 FindBin - Locate directory of original perl script
14607 =item EXPORTABLE VARIABLES
14619 =head2 GDBM_File - Perl5 access to the gdbm library.
14635 =head2 Getopt::Long - Extended processing of command line options
14643 =item Command Line Options, an Introduction
14645 =item Getting Started with Getopt::Long
14649 =item Simple options
14651 =item A little bit less simple options
14653 =item Mixing command line option with other arguments
14655 =item Options with values
14657 =item Options with multiple values
14659 =item Options with hash values
14661 =item User-defined subroutines to handle options
14663 =item Options with multiple names
14665 =item Case and abbreviations
14667 =item Summary of Option Specifications
14669 !, +, s, i, o, f, : I<type> [ I<desttype> ], : I<number> [ I<desttype> ], :
14674 =item Advanced Possibilities
14678 =item Object oriented interface
14680 =item Thread Safety
14682 =item Documentation and help texts
14684 =item Storing options in a hash
14688 =item The lonesome dash
14690 =item Argument callback
14694 =item Configuring Getopt::Long
14696 default, posix_default, auto_abbrev, getopt_compat, gnu_compat, gnu_getopt,
14697 require_order, permute, bundling (default: disabled), bundling_override
14698 (default: disabled), ignore_case (default: enabled), ignore_case_always
14699 (default: disabled), auto_version (default:disabled), auto_help
14700 (default:disabled), pass_through (default: disabled), prefix,
14701 prefix_pattern, debug (default: disabled)
14703 =item Exportable Methods
14705 VersionMessage, C<-message>, C<-msg>, C<-exitval>, C<-output>, HelpMessage
14707 =item Return values and Errors
14713 =item Default destinations
14715 =item Alternative option starters
14717 =item Configuration variables
14721 =item Trouble Shooting
14725 =item Warning: Ignoring '!' modifier for short option
14727 =item GetOptions does not return a false result when an option is not
14730 =item GetOptions does not split the command line correctly
14732 =item Undefined subroutine &main::GetOptions called
14734 =item How do I put a "-?" option into a Getopt::Long?
14740 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER
14744 =head2 Getopt::Std, getopt - Process single-character switches with switch
14753 =item C<--help> and C<--version>
14757 =head2 Hash::Util - A selection of general-utility hash subroutines
14767 =item Restricted hashes
14769 lock_keys, unlock_keys
14775 lock_value, unlock_value
14777 B<lock_hash>, B<unlock_hash>
14789 =head2 I18N::Collate - compare 8-bit scalar data according to the current
14800 =head2 I18N::LangTags - functions for dealing with RFC3066-style language
14811 the function is_language_tag($lang1)
14813 the function extract_language_tags($whatever)
14815 the function same_language_tag($lang1, $lang2)
14817 the function similarity_language_tag($lang1, $lang2)
14819 the function is_dialect_of($lang1, $lang2)
14821 the function super_languages($lang1)
14823 the function locale2language_tag($locale_identifier)
14825 the function encode_language_tag($lang1)
14827 the function alternate_language_tags($lang1)
14829 the function @langs = panic_languages(@accept_languages)
14833 =item ABOUT LOWERCASING
14835 =item ABOUT UNICODE PLAINTEXT LANGUAGE TAGS
14845 =head2 I18N::LangTags::List -- tags and names for human languages
14853 =item ABOUT LANGUAGE TAGS
14855 =item LIST OF LANGUAGES
14857 {ab} : Abkhazian, {ace} : Achinese, {ach} : Acoli, {ada} : Adangme, {ady} :
14858 Adyghe, {aa} : Afar, {afh} : Afrihili, {af} : Afrikaans, [{afa} :
14859 Afro-Asiatic (Other)], {ak} : Akan, {akk} : Akkadian, {sq} : Albanian,
14860 {ale} : Aleut, [{alg} : Algonquian languages], [{tut} : Altaic (Other)],
14861 {am} : Amharic, {i-ami} : Ami, [{apa} : Apache languages], {ar} : Arabic,
14862 {arc} : Aramaic, {arp} : Arapaho, {arn} : Araucanian, {arw} : Arawak, {hy}
14863 : Armenian, {an} : Aragonese, [{art} : Artificial (Other)], {ast} :
14864 Asturian, {as} : Assamese, [{ath} : Athapascan languages], [{aus} :
14865 Australian languages], [{map} : Austronesian (Other)], {av} : Avaric, {ae}
14866 : Avestan, {awa} : Awadhi, {ay} : Aymara, {az} : Azerbaijani, {ban} :
14867 Balinese, [{bat} : Baltic (Other)], {bal} : Baluchi, {bm} : Bambara, [{bai}
14868 : Bamileke languages], {bad} : Banda, [{bnt} : Bantu (Other)], {bas} :
14869 Basa, {ba} : Bashkir, {eu} : Basque, {btk} : Batak (Indonesia), {bej} :
14870 Beja, {be} : Belarusian, {bem} : Bemba, {bn} : Bengali, [{ber} : Berber
14871 (Other)], {bho} : Bhojpuri, {bh} : Bihari, {bik} : Bikol, {bin} : Bini,
14872 {bi} : Bislama, {bs} : Bosnian, {bra} : Braj, {br} : Breton, {bug} :
14873 Buginese, {bg} : Bulgarian, {i-bnn} : Bunun, {bua} : Buriat, {my} :
14874 Burmese, {cad} : Caddo, {car} : Carib, {ca} : Catalan, [{cau} : Caucasian
14875 (Other)], {ceb} : Cebuano, [{cel} : Celtic (Other)], [{cai} : Central
14876 American Indian (Other)], {chg} : Chagatai, [{cmc} : Chamic languages],
14877 {ch} : Chamorro, {ce} : Chechen, {chr} : Cherokee, {chy} : Cheyenne, {chb}
14878 : Chibcha, {ny} : Chichewa, {zh} : Chinese, {chn} : Chinook Jargon, {chp} :
14879 Chipewyan, {cho} : Choctaw, {cu} : Church Slavic, {chk} : Chuukese, {cv} :
14880 Chuvash, {cop} : Coptic, {kw} : Cornish, {co} : Corsican, {cr} : Cree,
14881 {mus} : Creek, [{cpe} : English-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{cpf}
14882 : French-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{cpp} : Portuguese-based
14883 Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{crp} : Creoles and pidgins (Other)], {hr} :
14884 Croatian, [{cus} : Cushitic (Other)], {cs} : Czech, {dak} : Dakota, {da} :
14885 Danish, {dar} : Dargwa, {day} : Dayak, {i-default} : Default (Fallthru)
14886 Language, {del} : Delaware, {din} : Dinka, {dv} : Divehi, {doi} : Dogri,
14887 {dgr} : Dogrib, [{dra} : Dravidian (Other)], {dua} : Duala, {nl} : Dutch,
14888 {dum} : Middle Dutch (ca.1050-1350), {dyu} : Dyula, {dz} : Dzongkha, {efi}
14889 : Efik, {egy} : Ancient Egyptian, {eka} : Ekajuk, {elx} : Elamite, {en} :
14890 English, {enm} : Old English (1100-1500), {ang} : Old English
14891 (ca.450-1100), {i-enochian} : Enochian (Artificial), {myv} : Erzya, {eo} :
14892 Esperanto, {et} : Estonian, {ee} : Ewe, {ewo} : Ewondo, {fan} : Fang, {fat}
14893 : Fanti, {fo} : Faroese, {fj} : Fijian, {fi} : Finnish, [{fiu} :
14894 Finno-Ugrian (Other)], {fon} : Fon, {fr} : French, {frm} : Middle French
14895 (ca.1400-1600), {fro} : Old French (842-ca.1400), {fy} : Frisian, {fur} :
14896 Friulian, {ff} : Fulah, {gaa} : Ga, {gd} : Scots Gaelic, {gl} : Gallegan,
14897 {lg} : Ganda, {gay} : Gayo, {gba} : Gbaya, {gez} : Geez, {ka} : Georgian,
14898 {de} : German, {gmh} : Middle High German (ca.1050-1500), {goh} : Old High
14899 German (ca.750-1050), [{gem} : Germanic (Other)], {gil} : Gilbertese, {gon}
14900 : Gondi, {gor} : Gorontalo, {got} : Gothic, {grb} : Grebo, {grc} : Ancient
14901 Greek, {el} : Modern Greek, {gn} : Guarani, {gu} : Gujarati, {gwi} :
14902 Gwich'in, {hai} : Haida, {ht} : Haitian, {ha} : Hausa, {haw} : Hawaiian,
14903 {he} : Hebrew, {hz} : Herero, {hil} : Hiligaynon, {him} : Himachali, {hi} :
14904 Hindi, {ho} : Hiri Motu, {hit} : Hittite, {hmn} : Hmong, {hu} : Hungarian,
14905 {hup} : Hupa, {iba} : Iban, {is} : Icelandic, {io} : Ido, {ig} : Igbo,
14906 {ijo} : Ijo, {ilo} : Iloko, [{inc} : Indic (Other)], [{ine} : Indo-European
14907 (Other)], {id} : Indonesian, {inh} : Ingush, {ia} : Interlingua
14908 (International Auxiliary Language Association), {ie} : Interlingue, {iu} :
14909 Inuktitut, {ik} : Inupiaq, [{ira} : Iranian (Other)], {ga} : Irish, {mga} :
14910 Middle Irish (900-1200), {sga} : Old Irish (to 900), [{iro} : Iroquoian
14911 languages], {it} : Italian, {ja} : Japanese, {jv} : Javanese, {jrb} :
14912 Judeo-Arabic, {jpr} : Judeo-Persian, {kbd} : Kabardian, {kab} : Kabyle,
14913 {kac} : Kachin, {kl} : Kalaallisut, {xal} : Kalmyk, {kam} : Kamba, {kn} :
14914 Kannada, {kr} : Kanuri, {krc} : Karachay-Balkar, {kaa} : Kara-Kalpak, {kar}
14915 : Karen, {ks} : Kashmiri, {csb} : Kashubian, {kaw} : Kawi, {kk} : Kazakh,
14916 {kha} : Khasi, {km} : Khmer, [{khi} : Khoisan (Other)], {kho} : Khotanese,
14917 {ki} : Kikuyu, {kmb} : Kimbundu, {rw} : Kinyarwanda, {ky} : Kirghiz,
14918 {i-klingon} : Klingon, {kv} : Komi, {kg} : Kongo, {kok} : Konkani, {ko} :
14919 Korean, {kos} : Kosraean, {kpe} : Kpelle, {kro} : Kru, {kj} : Kuanyama,
14920 {kum} : Kumyk, {ku} : Kurdish, {kru} : Kurukh, {kut} : Kutenai, {lad} :
14921 Ladino, {lah} : Lahnda, {lam} : Lamba, {lo} : Lao, {la} : Latin, {lv} :
14922 Latvian, {lb} : Letzeburgesch, {lez} : Lezghian, {li} : Limburgish, {ln} :
14923 Lingala, {lt} : Lithuanian, {nds} : Low German, {art-lojban} : Lojban
14924 (Artificial), {loz} : Lozi, {lu} : Luba-Katanga, {lua} : Luba-Lulua, {lui}
14925 : Luiseno, {lun} : Lunda, {luo} : Luo (Kenya and Tanzania), {lus} : Lushai,
14926 {mk} : Macedonian, {mad} : Madurese, {mag} : Magahi, {mai} : Maithili,
14927 {mak} : Makasar, {mg} : Malagasy, {ms} : Malay, {ml} : Malayalam, {mt} :
14928 Maltese, {mnc} : Manchu, {mdr} : Mandar, {man} : Mandingo, {mni} :
14929 Manipuri, [{mno} : Manobo languages], {gv} : Manx, {mi} : Maori, {mr} :
14930 Marathi, {chm} : Mari, {mh} : Marshall, {mwr} : Marwari, {mas} : Masai,
14931 [{myn} : Mayan languages], {men} : Mende, {mic} : Micmac, {min} :
14932 Minangkabau, {i-mingo} : Mingo, [{mis} : Miscellaneous languages], {moh} :
14933 Mohawk, {mdf} : Moksha, {mo} : Moldavian, [{mkh} : Mon-Khmer (Other)],
14934 {lol} : Mongo, {mn} : Mongolian, {mos} : Mossi, [{mul} : Multiple
14935 languages], [{mun} : Munda languages], {nah} : Nahuatl, {nap} : Neapolitan,
14936 {na} : Nauru, {nv} : Navajo, {nd} : North Ndebele, {nr} : South Ndebele,
14937 {ng} : Ndonga, {ne} : Nepali, {new} : Newari, {nia} : Nias, [{nic} :
14938 Niger-Kordofanian (Other)], [{ssa} : Nilo-Saharan (Other)], {niu} : Niuean,
14939 {nog} : Nogai, {non} : Old Norse, [{nai} : North American Indian], {no} :
14940 Norwegian, {nb} : Norwegian Bokmal, {nn} : Norwegian Nynorsk, [{nub} :
14941 Nubian languages], {nym} : Nyamwezi, {nyn} : Nyankole, {nyo} : Nyoro, {nzi}
14942 : Nzima, {oc} : Occitan (post 1500), {oj} : Ojibwa, {or} : Oriya, {om} :
14943 Oromo, {osa} : Osage, {os} : Ossetian; Ossetic, [{oto} : Otomian
14944 languages], {pal} : Pahlavi, {i-pwn} : Paiwan, {pau} : Palauan, {pi} :
14945 Pali, {pam} : Pampanga, {pag} : Pangasinan, {pa} : Panjabi, {pap} :
14946 Papiamento, [{paa} : Papuan (Other)], {fa} : Persian, {peo} : Old Persian
14947 (ca.600-400 B.C.), [{phi} : Philippine (Other)], {phn} : Phoenician, {pon}
14948 : Pohnpeian, {pl} : Polish, {pt} : Portuguese, [{pra} : Prakrit languages],
14949 {pro} : Old Provencal (to 1500), {ps} : Pushto, {qu} : Quechua, {rm} :
14950 Raeto-Romance, {raj} : Rajasthani, {rap} : Rapanui, {rar} : Rarotongan,
14951 [{qaa - qtz} : Reserved for local use.], [{roa} : Romance (Other)], {ro} :
14952 Romanian, {rom} : Romany, {rn} : Rundi, {ru} : Russian, [{sal} : Salishan
14953 languages], {sam} : Samaritan Aramaic, {se} : Northern Sami, {sma} :
14954 Southern Sami, {smn} : Inari Sami, {smj} : Lule Sami, {sms} : Skolt Sami,
14955 [{smi} : Sami languages (Other)], {sm} : Samoan, {sad} : Sandawe, {sg} :
14956 Sango, {sa} : Sanskrit, {sat} : Santali, {sc} : Sardinian, {sas} : Sasak,
14957 {sco} : Scots, {sel} : Selkup, [{sem} : Semitic (Other)], {sr} : Serbian,
14958 {srr} : Serer, {shn} : Shan, {sn} : Shona, {sid} : Sidamo, {sgn-...} : Sign
14959 Languages, {bla} : Siksika, {sd} : Sindhi, {si} : Sinhalese, [{sit} :
14960 Sino-Tibetan (Other)], [{sio} : Siouan languages], {den} : Slave
14961 (Athapascan), [{sla} : Slavic (Other)], {sk} : Slovak, {sl} : Slovenian,
14962 {sog} : Sogdian, {so} : Somali, {son} : Songhai, {snk} : Soninke, {wen} :
14963 Sorbian languages, {nso} : Northern Sotho, {st} : Southern Sotho, [{sai} :
14964 South American Indian (Other)], {es} : Spanish, {suk} : Sukuma, {sux} :
14965 Sumerian, {su} : Sundanese, {sus} : Susu, {sw} : Swahili, {ss} : Swati,
14966 {sv} : Swedish, {syr} : Syriac, {tl} : Tagalog, {ty} : Tahitian, [{tai} :
14967 Tai (Other)], {tg} : Tajik, {tmh} : Tamashek, {ta} : Tamil, {i-tao} : Tao,
14968 {tt} : Tatar, {i-tay} : Tayal, {te} : Telugu, {ter} : Tereno, {tet} :
14969 Tetum, {th} : Thai, {bo} : Tibetan, {tig} : Tigre, {ti} : Tigrinya, {tem} :
14970 Timne, {tiv} : Tiv, {tli} : Tlingit, {tpi} : Tok Pisin, {tkl} : Tokelau,
14971 {tog} : Tonga (Nyasa), {to} : Tonga (Tonga Islands), {tsi} : Tsimshian,
14972 {ts} : Tsonga, {i-tsu} : Tsou, {tn} : Tswana, {tum} : Tumbuka, [{tup} :
14973 Tupi languages], {tr} : Turkish, {ota} : Ottoman Turkish (1500-1928), {crh}
14974 : Crimean Turkish, {tk} : Turkmen, {tvl} : Tuvalu, {tyv} : Tuvinian, {tw} :
14975 Twi, {udm} : Udmurt, {uga} : Ugaritic, {ug} : Uighur, {uk} : Ukrainian,
14976 {umb} : Umbundu, {und} : Undetermined, {ur} : Urdu, {uz} : Uzbek, {vai} :
14977 Vai, {ve} : Venda, {vi} : Vietnamese, {vo} : Volapuk, {vot} : Votic, [{wak}
14978 : Wakashan languages], {wa} : Walloon, {wal} : Walamo, {war} : Waray, {was}
14979 : Washo, {cy} : Welsh, {wo} : Wolof, {x-...} : Unregistered (Semi-Private
14980 Use), {xh} : Xhosa, {sah} : Yakut, {yao} : Yao, {yap} : Yapese, {ii} :
14981 Sichuan Yi, {yi} : Yiddish, {yo} : Yoruba, [{ypk} : Yupik languages], {znd}
14982 : Zande, [{zap} : Zapotec], {zen} : Zenaga, {za} : Zhuang, {zu} : Zulu,
14987 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER
14993 =head2 I18N::Langinfo - query locale information
15011 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
15015 =head2 IO - load various IO modules
15027 =head2 IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory handles
15035 new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (),
15036 rewind (), close (), tie %hash, IO::Dir, DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ]
15046 =head2 IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles
15056 new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile
15060 open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), open( FILENAME, IOLAYERS )
15068 =head2 IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O handles
15078 new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE )
15082 $io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines,
15083 $io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ), $io->error,
15084 $io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush ( ARGS ),
15085 $io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint
15097 =head2 IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes
15107 new ( [READER, WRITER] )
15111 reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles ()
15121 =head2 IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call
15131 mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ), remove (
15132 IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] )
15142 =head2 IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for I/O objects
15150 $io->getpos, $io->setpos, $io->seek ( POS, WHENCE ), WHENCE=0 (SEEK_SET),
15151 WHENCE=1 (SEEK_CUR), WHENCE=2 (SEEK_END), $io->sysseek( POS, WHENCE ),
15160 =head2 IO::Select - OO interface to the select system call
15170 new ( [ HANDLES ] )
15174 add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read (
15175 [ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ),
15176 count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, EXCEPTION [, TIMEOUT ] )
15186 =head2 IO::Socket - Object interface to socket communications
15200 accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), atmark, connected,
15201 protocol, sockdomain, sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), socktype, timeout([VAL])
15211 =head2 IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for AF_INET domain sockets
15227 sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost
15240 =head2 IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for AF_UNIX domain sockets
15254 hostpath(), peerpath()
15264 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Dir, IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory
15273 new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (),
15274 rewind (), close (), tie %hash, IO::Dir, DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ]
15284 =head2 IO::lib::IO::File, IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles
15294 new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile
15298 open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), open( FILENAME, IOLAYERS )
15306 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Handle, IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O
15317 new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE )
15321 $io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines,
15322 $io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ), $io->error,
15323 $io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush ( ARGS ),
15324 $io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint
15336 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Pipe, IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes
15346 new ( [READER, WRITER] )
15350 reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles ()
15360 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Poll, IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call
15370 mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ), remove (
15371 IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] )
15381 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Seekable, IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for
15390 $io->getpos, $io->setpos, $io->seek ( POS, WHENCE ), WHENCE=0 (SEEK_SET),
15391 WHENCE=1 (SEEK_CUR), WHENCE=2 (SEEK_END), $io->sysseek( POS, WHENCE ),
15400 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Select, IO::Select - OO interface to the select system
15411 new ( [ HANDLES ] )
15415 add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read (
15416 [ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ),
15417 count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, EXCEPTION [, TIMEOUT ] )
15427 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket, IO::Socket - Object interface to socket
15442 accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), atmark, connected,
15443 protocol, sockdomain, sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), socktype, timeout([VAL])
15453 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket::INET, IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for
15454 AF_INET domain sockets
15470 sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost
15483 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket::UNIX, IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for
15484 AF_UNIX domain sockets
15498 hostpath(), peerpath()
15508 =head2 IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class
15518 new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set
15519 ( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [,
15530 =head2 IPC::Open2, open2 - open a process for both reading and writing
15544 =head2 IPC::Open3, open3 - open a process for reading, writing, and error
15557 =head2 IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object class
15567 new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ),
15568 getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ),
15569 set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N
15580 =head2 IPC::SysV - SysV IPC constants
15598 =head2 IPC::SysV::Msg, IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class
15608 new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set
15609 ( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [,
15620 =head2 IPC::SysV::Semaphore, IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object
15631 new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ),
15632 getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ),
15633 set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N
15644 =head2 List::Util - A selection of general-utility list subroutines
15652 first BLOCK LIST, max LIST, maxstr LIST, min LIST, minstr LIST, reduce
15653 BLOCK LIST, shuffle LIST, sum LIST
15657 =item SUGGESTED ADDITIONS
15663 =head2 List::Utilib::List::Util, List::Util - A selection of
15664 general-utility list subroutines
15672 first BLOCK LIST, max LIST, maxstr LIST, min LIST, minstr LIST, reduce
15673 BLOCK LIST, shuffle LIST, sum LIST
15677 =item SUGGESTED ADDITIONS
15683 =head2 List::Utilib::Scalar::Util, Scalar::Util - A selection of
15684 general-utility scalar subroutines
15692 blessed EXPR, dualvar NUM, STRING, isvstring EXPR, isweak EXPR,
15693 looks_like_number EXPR, openhandle FH, refaddr EXPR, reftype EXPR,
15694 set_prototype CODEREF, PROTOTYPE, tainted EXPR, weaken REF
15704 =head2 Locale::Constants - constants for Locale codes
15712 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
15716 Locale::Language, Locale::Country, Locale::Script, Locale::Currency
15724 =head2 Locale::Country - ISO codes for country identification (ISO 3166)
15732 B<alpha-2>, B<alpha-3>, B<numeric>
15734 =item CONVERSION ROUTINES
15736 code2country( CODE, [ CODESET ] ), country2code( STRING, [ CODESET ] ),
15737 country_code2code( CODE, CODESET, CODESET )
15739 =item QUERY ROUTINES
15741 C<all_country_codes( [ CODESET ] )>, C<all_country_names( [ CODESET ] )>
15743 =item SEMI-PRIVATE ROUTINES
15749 =item rename_country
15757 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
15761 Locale::Language, Locale::Script, Locale::Currency, Locale::SubCountry, ISO
15762 3166-1, http://www.iso.org/iso/en/prods-services/iso3166ma/index.html,
15763 http://www.egt.ie/standards/iso3166/iso3166-1-en.html,
15764 http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/docs/app-d-1.html
15772 =head2 Locale::Currency - ISO three letter codes for currency
15773 identification (ISO 4217)
15783 =item CONVERSION ROUTINES
15785 code2currency(), currency2code()
15787 =item QUERY ROUTINES
15789 C<all_currency_codes()>, C<all_currency_names()>
15793 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
15797 Locale::Country, Locale::Script, ISO 4217:1995,
15798 http://www.bsi-global.com/iso4217currency
15806 =head2 Locale::Language - ISO two letter codes for language identification
15815 =item CONVERSION ROUTINES
15817 code2language(), language2code()
15819 =item QUERY ROUTINES
15821 C<all_language_codes()>, C<all_language_names()>
15825 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
15829 Locale::Country, Locale::Script, Locale::Currency, ISO 639:1988 (E/F),
15830 http://lcweb.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/langhome.html
15838 =head2 Locale::Maketext - framework for localization
15846 =item QUICK OVERVIEW
15852 =item Construction Methods
15854 =item The "maketext" Method
15856 $lh->fail_with I<or> $lh->fail_with(I<PARAM>), $lh->failure_handler_auto
15858 =item Utility Methods
15860 $language->quant($number, $singular), $language->quant($number, $singular,
15861 $plural), $language->quant($number, $singular, $plural, $negative),
15862 $language->numf($number), $language->sprintf($format, @items),
15863 $language->language_tag(), $language->encoding()
15865 =item Language Handle Attributes and Internals
15869 =item LANGUAGE CLASS HIERARCHIES
15871 =item ENTRIES IN EACH LEXICON
15873 =item BRACKET NOTATION
15875 =item AUTO LEXICONS
15877 =item CONTROLLING LOOKUP FAILURE
15879 =item HOW TO USE MAKETEXT
15883 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER
15889 =head2 Locale::Maketext::TPJ13 -- article about software localization
15897 =item Localization and Perl: gettext breaks, Maketext fixes
15901 =item A Localization Horror Story: It Could Happen To You
15903 =item The Linguistic View
15905 =item Breaking gettext
15907 =item Replacing gettext
15909 =item Buzzwords: Abstraction and Encapsulation
15911 =item Buzzword: Isomorphism
15913 =item Buzzword: Inheritance
15915 =item Buzzword: Concision
15917 =item The Devil in the Details
15919 =item The Proof in the Pudding: Localizing Web Sites
15927 =head2 Locale::Script - ISO codes for script identification (ISO 15924)
15935 B<alpha-2>, B<alpha-3>, B<numeric>
15939 =item SPECIAL CODES
15943 =item CONVERSION ROUTINES
15945 code2script( CODE, [ CODESET ] ), script2code( STRING, [ CODESET ] ),
15946 script_code2code( CODE, CODESET, CODESET )
15948 =item QUERY ROUTINES
15950 C<all_script_codes ( [ CODESET ] )>, C<all_script_names ( [ CODESET ] )>
15954 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
15958 Locale::Language, Locale::Currency, Locale::Country, ISO 15924,
15959 http://www.evertype.com/standards/iso15924/
15967 =head2 MIME::Base64 - Encoding and decoding of base64 strings
15975 encode_base64($str), encode_base64($str, $eol);, decode_base64($str)
15979 Premature end of base64 data, Premature padding of base64 data
15987 =head2 MIME::Base64::QuotedPrint, MIME::QuotedPrint - Encoding and decoding
15988 of quoted-printable strings
15996 encode_qp($str), encode_qp($str, $eol), decode_qp($str);
16002 =head2 MIME::QuotedPrint - Encoding and decoding of quoted-printable
16011 encode_qp($str), encode_qp($str, $eol), decode_qp($str);
16017 =head2 Math::BigFloat - Arbitrary size floating point math package
16027 =item Canonical notation
16031 =item C<mantissa()>, C<exponent()> and C<parts()>
16033 =item Accuracy vs. Precision
16037 ffround ( +$scale ), ffround ( -$scale ), ffround ( 0 ), fround ( +$scale
16038 ), fround ( -$scale ) and fround ( 0 )
16046 =item Autocreating constants
16052 =item Using Math::BigInt::Lite
16060 stringify, bstr(), bdiv, Modifying and =, bpow
16070 =head2 Math::BigInt - Arbitrary size integer math package
16078 Canonical notation, Input, Output
16102 =item is_one()/is_zero()/is_nan()/is_inf()
16104 =item is_positive()/is_negative()
16106 $x->is_positive(); # true if >= 0
16107 $x->is_negative(); # true if < 0
16109 =item is_odd()/is_even()/is_int()
16195 =item ACCURACY and PRECISION
16205 =item Rounding mode R
16207 'trunc', 'even', 'odd', '+inf', '-inf', 'zero', Precision, Accuracy
16208 (significant digits), Setting/Accessing, Creating numbers, Usage,
16209 Precedence, Overriding globals, Local settings, Rounding, Default values,
16222 =item mantissa(), exponent() and parts()
16230 =item Autocreating constants
16236 =item Alternative math libraries
16242 =item Subclassing Math::BigInt
16250 bsqrt(), div(), blog()
16256 broot() does not work, Out of Memory!, Fails to load Calc on Perl prior
16261 stringify, bstr(), bsstr() and 'cmp', int(), length, bdiv, infinity
16262 handling, Modifying and =, bpow, Overloading -$x, Mixing different object
16263 types, bsqrt(), brsft()
16273 =head2 Math::BigInt::Calc - Pure Perl module to support Math::BigInt
16285 =item WRAP YOUR OWN
16289 This program is free software; you may redistribute it and/or modify it
16291 the same terms as Perl itself.
16299 =head2 Math::BigInt::Scalar - Pure Perl module to test Math::BigInt with
16310 This program is free software; you may redistribute it and/or modify it
16312 the same terms as Perl itself.
16320 =head2 Math::BigRat - arbitrarily big rationales
16342 =item denominator()
16344 $d = $x->denominator();
16354 =item bround()/round()/bfround()
16362 =item is_positive()
16364 =item is_negative()
16384 inf handling (partial), NaN handling (partial), rounding (not implemented
16385 except for bceil/bfloor), $x ** $y where $y is not an integer
16395 =head2 Math::Complex - complex numbers and associated mathematical
16408 =item STRINGIFICATION
16412 =item CHANGED IN PERL 5.6
16418 =item ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO OR LOGARITHM OF ZERO
16420 =item ERRORS DUE TO INDIGESTIBLE ARGUMENTS
16428 =head2 Math::Trig - trigonometric functions
16436 =item TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS
16442 =item ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO
16444 =item SIMPLE (REAL) ARGUMENTS, COMPLEX RESULTS
16448 =item PLANE ANGLE CONVERSIONS
16450 =item RADIAL COORDINATE CONVERSIONS
16454 =item COORDINATE SYSTEMS
16456 =item 3-D ANGLE CONVERSIONS
16458 cartesian_to_cylindrical, cartesian_to_spherical, cylindrical_to_cartesian,
16459 cylindrical_to_spherical, spherical_to_cartesian, spherical_to_cylindrical
16463 =item GREAT CIRCLE DISTANCES AND DIRECTIONS
16469 =item CAVEAT FOR GREAT CIRCLE FORMULAS
16479 =head2 Memoize - Make functions faster by trading space for time
16497 =item C<SCALAR_CACHE>, C<LIST_CACHE>
16499 C<MEMORY>, C<HASH>, C<TIE>, C<FAULT>, C<MERGE>
16503 =item OTHER FACILITIES
16509 =item C<flush_cache>
16515 =item PERSISTENT CACHE SUPPORT
16517 =item EXPIRATION SUPPORT
16525 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
16531 =head2 Memoize::AnyDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for AnyDBM_File for
16540 =head2 Memoize::Expire - Plug-in module for automatic expiration of
16551 TIEHASH, EXISTS, STORE
16563 =head2 Memoize::ExpireFile - test for Memoize expiration semantics
16571 =head2 Memoize::ExpireTest - test for Memoize expiration semantics
16579 =head2 Memoize::NDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for NDBM_File for
16588 =head2 Memoize::SDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for SDBM_File for
16597 =head2 Memoize::Storable - store Memoized data in Storable database
16605 =head2 NDBM_File - Tied access to ndbm files
16613 C<O_RDONLY>, C<O_WRONLY>, C<O_RDWR>
16619 =item C<ndbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...>
16623 =item BUGS AND WARNINGS
16627 =head2 NEXT - Provide a pseudo-class NEXT that allows method redispatch
16637 =item Enforcing redispatch
16639 =item Avoiding repetitions
16645 =item BUGS AND IRRITATIONS
16651 =head2 Net::Cmd - Network Command class (as used by FTP, SMTP etc)
16661 debug ( VALUE ), message (), code (), ok (), status (), datasend ( DATA ),
16664 =item CLASS METHODS
16666 debug_print ( DIR, TEXT ), debug_text ( TEXT ), command ( CMD [, ARGS, ...
16667 ]), unsupported (), response (), parse_response ( TEXT ), getline (),
16668 ungetline ( TEXT ), rawdatasend ( DATA ), read_until_dot (), tied_fh ()
16678 =head2 Net::Config - Local configuration data for libnet
16688 requires_firewall HOST
16690 =item NetConfig VALUES
16692 nntp_hosts, snpp_hosts, pop3_hosts, smtp_hosts, ph_hosts, daytime_hosts,
16693 time_hosts, inet_domain, ftp_firewall, ftp_firewall_type, ftp_ext_passive,
16694 ftp_int_pasive, local_netmask, test_hosts, test_exists
16698 =head2 Net::Domain - Attempt to evaluate the current host's internet name
16707 hostfqdn (), hostname (), hostdomain ()
16715 =head2 Net::FTP - FTP Client class
16727 new (HOST [,OPTIONS])
16731 login ([LOGIN [,PASSWORD [, ACCOUNT] ] ]), authorize ( [AUTH [, RESP]]),
16732 site (ARGS), type (TYPE [, ARGS]), ascii ([ARGS]) binary([ARGS])
16733 ebcdic([ARGS]) byte([ARGS]), rename ( OLDNAME, NEWNAME ), delete ( FILENAME
16734 ), cwd ( [ DIR ] ), cdup (), pwd (), restart ( WHERE ), rmdir ( DIR ),
16735 mkdir ( DIR [, RECURSE ]), ls ( [ DIR ] ), alloc ( SIZE [, RECORD_SIZE] ),
16736 dir ( [ DIR ] ), get ( REMOTE_FILE [, LOCAL_FILE [, WHERE]] ), put (
16737 LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] ), put_unique ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] ),
16738 append ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] ), unique_name (), mdtm ( FILE ), size
16739 ( FILE ), supported ( CMD ), hash ( [FILEHANDLE_GLOB_REF],[
16740 BYTES_PER_HASH_MARK] ), nlst ( [ DIR ] ), list ( [ DIR ] ), retr ( FILE ),
16741 stor ( FILE ), stou ( FILE ), appe ( FILE ), port ( [ PORT ] ), pasv (),
16742 pasv_xfer ( SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER [, DEST_FILE ] ), pasv_xfer_unique (
16743 SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER [, DEST_FILE ] ), pasv_wait ( NON_PASV_SERVER ),
16748 =item Methods for the adventurous
16754 =item THE dataconn CLASS
16756 read ( BUFFER, SIZE [, TIMEOUT ] ), write ( BUFFER, SIZE [, TIMEOUT ] ),
16757 bytes_read (), abort (), close ()
16759 =item UNIMPLEMENTED
16761 B<SMNT>, B<HELP>, B<MODE>, B<SYST>, B<STAT>, B<STRU>, B<REIN>
16763 =item REPORTING BUGS
16771 http://www.csh.rit.edu/~adam/Progs/autoftp-2.0.tar.gz
16779 =head2 Net::NNTP - NNTP Client class
16789 new ( [ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ])
16793 article ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), body ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), head (
16794 [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), articlefh ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), bodyfh ( [
16795 MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), headfh ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), nntpstat ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ]
16796 ), group ( [ GROUP ] ), ihave ( MSGID [, MESSAGE ]), last (), date (),
16797 postok (), authinfo ( USER, PASS ), list (), newgroups ( SINCE [,
16798 DISTRIBUTIONS ]), newnews ( SINCE [, GROUPS [, DISTRIBUTIONS ]]), next (),
16799 post ( [ MESSAGE ] ), postfh (), slave (), quit ()
16803 =item Extension methods
16805 newsgroups ( [ PATTERN ] ), distributions (), subscriptions (),
16806 overview_fmt (), active_times (), active ( [ PATTERN ] ), xgtitle ( PATTERN
16807 ), xhdr ( HEADER, MESSAGE-SPEC ), xover ( MESSAGE-SPEC ), xpath (
16808 MESSAGE-ID ), xpat ( HEADER, PATTERN, MESSAGE-SPEC), xrover, listgroup ( [
16817 MESSAGE-SPEC, PATTERN, Examples, C<[^]-]>, C<*bdc>, C<[0-9a-zA-Z]>, C<a??d>
16827 =head2 Net::POP3 - Post Office Protocol 3 Client class (RFC1939)
16837 new ( [ HOST, ] [ OPTIONS ] )
16841 user ( USER ), pass ( PASS ), login ( [ USER [, PASS ]] ), apop ( [ USER [,
16842 PASS ]] ), top ( MSGNUM [, NUMLINES ] ), list ( [ MSGNUM ] ), get ( MSGNUM
16843 [, FH ] ), getfh ( MSGNUM ), last (), popstat (), ping ( USER ), uidl ( [
16844 MSGNUM ] ), delete ( MSGNUM ), reset (), quit ()
16856 =head2 Net::Ping - check a remote host for reachability
16868 Net::Ping->new([$proto [, $def_timeout [, $bytes [, $device [, $tos
16869 ]]]]]);, $p->ping($host [, $timeout]);, $p->source_verify( { 0 | 1 } );,
16870 $p->service_check( { 0 | 1 } );, $p->tcp_service_check( { 0 | 1 } );,
16871 $p->hires( { 0 | 1 } );, $p->bind($local_addr);, $p->open($host);, $p->ack(
16872 [ $host ] );, $p->nack( $failed_ack_host );, $p->close();, pingecho($host
16889 =head2 Net::SMTP - Simple Mail Transfer Protocol Client
16901 new Net::SMTP [ HOST, ] [ OPTIONS ]
16905 banner (), domain (), hello ( DOMAIN ), etrn ( DOMAIN ), auth ( USERNAME,
16906 PASSWORD ), mail ( ADDRESS [, OPTIONS] ), send ( ADDRESS ), send_or_mail (
16907 ADDRESS ), send_and_mail ( ADDRESS ), reset (), recipient ( ADDRESS [,
16908 ADDRESS [ ...]] [, OPTIONS ] ), to ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), cc (
16909 ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), bcc ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), data ( [
16910 DATA ] ), expand ( ADDRESS ), verify ( ADDRESS ), help ( [ $subject ] ),
16923 =head2 Net::Time - time and daytime network client interface
16931 inet_time ( [HOST [, PROTOCOL [, TIMEOUT]]]), inet_daytime ( [HOST [,
16932 PROTOCOL [, TIMEOUT]]])
16940 =head2 Net::hostent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gethost*()
16957 =head2 Net::libnetFAQ, libnetFAQ - libnet Frequently Asked Questions
16965 =item Where to get this document
16967 =item How to contribute to this document
16971 =item Author and Copyright Information
16979 =item Obtaining and installing libnet
16983 =item What is libnet ?
16985 =item Which version of perl do I need ?
16987 =item What other modules do I need ?
16989 =item What machines support libnet ?
16991 =item Where can I get the latest libnet release
16995 =item Using Net::FTP
16999 =item How do I download files from an FTP server ?
17001 =item How do I transfer files in binary mode ?
17003 =item How can I get the size of a file on a remote FTP server ?
17005 =item How can I get the modification time of a file on a remote FTP server
17008 =item How can I change the permissions of a file on a remote server ?
17010 =item Can I do a reget operation like the ftp command ?
17012 =item How do I get a directory listing from an FTP server ?
17014 =item Changing directory to "" does not fail ?
17016 =item I am behind a SOCKS firewall, but the Firewall option does not work ?
17018 =item I am behind an FTP proxy firewall, but cannot access machines outside
17021 =item My ftp proxy firewall does not listen on port 21
17023 =item Is it possible to change the file permissions of a file on an FTP
17026 =item I have seen scripts call a method message, but cannot find it
17029 =item Why does Net::FTP not implement mput and mget methods
17033 =item Using Net::SMTP
17037 =item Why can't the part of an Email address after the @ be used as the
17040 =item Why does Net::SMTP not do DNS MX lookups ?
17042 =item The verify method always returns true ?
17046 =item Debugging scripts
17050 =item How can I debug my scripts that use Net::* modules ?
17054 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
17058 =head2 Net::netent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getnet*()
17075 =head2 Net::protoent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getproto*()
17090 =head2 Net::servent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getserv*()
17107 =head2 Netrc, Net::Netrc - OO interface to users netrc file
17115 =item THE .netrc FILE
17117 machine name, default, login name, password string, account string, macdef
17122 lookup ( MACHINE [, LOGIN ])
17126 login (), password (), account (), lpa ()
17136 =head2 O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends
17146 =item IMPLEMENTATION
17154 =head2 ODBM_File - Tied access to odbm files
17162 C<O_RDONLY>, C<O_WRONLY>, C<O_RDWR>
17168 =item C<odbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...>
17172 =item BUGS AND WARNINGS
17176 =head2 Opcode - Disable named opcodes when compiling perl code
17188 =item Operator Names and Operator Lists
17190 an operator name (opname), an operator tag name (optag), a negated opname
17191 or optag, an operator set (opset)
17193 =item Opcode Functions
17195 opcodes, opset (OP, ...), opset_to_ops (OPSET), opset_to_hex (OPSET),
17196 full_opset, empty_opset, invert_opset (OPSET), verify_opset (OPSET, ...),
17197 define_optag (OPTAG, OPSET), opmask_add (OPSET), opmask, opdesc (OP, ...),
17200 =item Manipulating Opsets
17202 =item TO DO (maybe)
17208 =item Predefined Opcode Tags
17210 :base_core, :base_mem, :base_loop, :base_io, :base_orig, :base_math,
17211 :base_thread, :default, :filesys_read, :sys_db, :browse, :filesys_open,
17212 :filesys_write, :subprocess, :ownprocess, :others, :still_to_be_decided,
17221 =head2 Opcode::Safe, Safe - Compile and execute code in restricted
17230 a new namespace, an operator mask
17236 =item RECENT CHANGES
17238 =item Methods in class Safe
17240 permit (OP, ...), permit_only (OP, ...), deny (OP, ...), deny_only (OP,
17241 ...), trap (OP, ...), untrap (OP, ...), share (NAME, ...), share_from
17242 (PACKAGE, ARRAYREF), varglob (VARNAME), reval (STRING), rdo (FILENAME),
17243 root (NAMESPACE), mask (MASK)
17245 =item Some Safety Issues
17247 Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes
17255 =head2 Opcode::ops, ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when
17268 =head2 POSIX - Perl interface to IEEE Std 1003.1
17282 _exit, abort, abs, access, acos, alarm, asctime, asin, assert, atan, atan2,
17283 atexit, atof, atoi, atol, bsearch, calloc, ceil, chdir, chmod, chown,
17284 clearerr, clock, close, closedir, cos, cosh, creat, ctermid, ctime,
17285 cuserid, difftime, div, dup, dup2, errno, execl, execle, execlp, execv,
17286 execve, execvp, exit, exp, fabs, fclose, fcntl, fdopen, feof, ferror,
17287 fflush, fgetc, fgetpos, fgets, fileno, floor, fmod, fopen, fork, fpathconf,
17288 fprintf, fputc, fputs, fread, free, freopen, frexp, fscanf, fseek, fsetpos,
17289 fstat, fsync, ftell, fwrite, getc, getchar, getcwd, getegid, getenv,
17290 geteuid, getgid, getgrgid, getgrnam, getgroups, getlogin, getpgrp, getpid,
17291 getppid, getpwnam, getpwuid, gets, getuid, gmtime, isalnum, isalpha,
17292 isatty, iscntrl, isdigit, isgraph, islower, isprint, ispunct, isspace,
17293 isupper, isxdigit, kill, labs, ldexp, ldiv, link, localeconv, localtime,
17294 log, log10, longjmp, lseek, malloc, mblen, mbstowcs, mbtowc, memchr,
17295 memcmp, memcpy, memmove, memset, mkdir, mkfifo, mktime, modf, nice,
17296 offsetof, open, opendir, pathconf, pause, perror, pipe, pow, printf, putc,
17297 putchar, puts, qsort, raise, rand, read, readdir, realloc, remove, rename,
17298 rewind, rewinddir, rmdir, scanf, setgid, setjmp, setlocale, setpgid,
17299 setsid, setuid, sigaction, siglongjmp, sigpending, sigprocmask, sigsetjmp,
17300 sigsuspend, sin, sinh, sleep, sprintf, sqrt, srand, sscanf, stat, strcat,
17301 strchr, strcmp, strcoll, strcpy, strcspn, strerror, strftime, strlen,
17302 strncat, strncmp, strncpy, strpbrk, strrchr, strspn, strstr, strtod,
17303 strtok, strtol, strtoul, strxfrm, sysconf, system, tan, tanh, tcdrain,
17304 tcflow, tcflush, tcgetpgrp, tcsendbreak, tcsetpgrp, time, times, tmpfile,
17305 tmpnam, tolower, toupper, ttyname, tzname, tzset, umask, uname, ungetc,
17306 unlink, utime, vfprintf, vprintf, vsprintf, wait, waitpid, wcstombs,
17313 =item POSIX::SigAction
17315 new, handler, mask, flags, safe
17317 =item POSIX::SigSet
17319 new, addset, delset, emptyset, fillset, ismember
17321 =item POSIX::Termios
17323 new, getattr, getcc, getcflag, getiflag, getispeed, getlflag, getoflag,
17324 getospeed, setattr, setcc, setcflag, setiflag, setispeed, setlflag,
17325 setoflag, setospeed, Baud rate values, Terminal interface values, c_cc
17326 field values, c_cflag field values, c_iflag field values, c_lflag field
17327 values, c_oflag field values
17331 =item PATHNAME CONSTANTS
17335 =item POSIX CONSTANTS
17339 =item SYSTEM CONFIGURATION
17393 Constants, WNOHANG, WUNTRACED, Macros, WIFEXITED, WEXITSTATUS, WIFSIGNALED,
17394 WTERMSIG, WIFSTOPPED, WSTOPSIG
17398 =head2 PerlIO - On demand loader for PerlIO layers and root of PerlIO::*
17407 unix, stdio, perlio, crlf, utf8, bytes, raw, pop
17411 =item Custom Layers
17415 =item Alternatives to raw
17417 =item Defaults and how to override them
17419 =item Querying the layers of filehandle
17429 =head2 PerlIO::encoding - encoding layer
17441 =head2 PerlIO::scalar - support module for in-memory IO.
17451 =head2 PerlIO::via - Helper class for PerlIO layers implemented in perl
17459 =item EXPECTED METHODS
17461 $class->PUSHED([$mode[,$fh]]), $obj->POPPED([$fh]),
17462 $obj->OPEN($path,$mode[,$fh]), $obj->BINMODE([,$fh]),
17463 $obj->FDOPEN($fd[,$fh]), $obj->SYSOPEN($path,$imode,$perm,[,$fh]),
17464 $obj->FILENO($fh), $obj->READ($buffer,$len,$fh), $obj->WRITE($buffer,$fh),
17465 $obj->FILL($fh), $obj->CLOSE($fh), $obj->SEEK($posn,$whence,$fh),
17466 $obj->TELL($fh), $obj->UNREAD($buffer,$fh), $obj->FLUSH($fh),
17467 $obj->SETLINEBUF($fh), $obj->CLEARERR($fh), $obj->ERROR($fh),
17474 =item Example - a Hexadecimal Handle
17480 =head2 PerlIO::via::QuotedPrint - PerlIO layer for quoted-printable strings
17494 =head2 Pod::Checker, podchecker() - check pod documents for syntax errors
17500 =item OPTIONS/ARGUMENTS
17506 B<-warnings> =E<gt> I<val>
17518 empty =headn, =over on line I<N> without closing =back, =item without
17519 previous =over, =back without previous =over, No argument for =begin, =end
17520 without =begin, Nested =begin's, =for without formatter specification,
17521 unresolved internal link I<NAME>, Unknown command "I<CMD>", Unknown
17522 interior-sequence "I<SEQ>", nested commands
17523 I<CMD>E<lt>...I<CMD>E<lt>...E<gt>...E<gt>, garbled entity I<STRING>, Entity
17524 number out of range, malformed link LE<lt>E<gt>, nonempty ZE<lt>E<gt>,
17525 empty XE<lt>E<gt>, Spurious text after =pod / =cut, Spurious character(s)
17530 multiple occurrence of link target I<name>, line containing nothing but
17531 whitespace in paragraph, file does not start with =head, previous =item has
17532 no contents, preceding non-item paragraph(s), =item type mismatch (I<one>
17533 vs. I<two>), I<N> unescaped C<E<lt>E<gt>> in paragraph, Unknown entity, No
17534 items in =over, No argument for =item, empty section in previous paragraph,
17535 Verbatim paragraph in NAME section, =headI<n> without preceding higher
17540 ignoring leading/trailing whitespace in link, (section) in '$page'
17541 deprecated, alternative text/node '%s' contains non-escaped | or /
17553 C<Pod::Checker-E<gt>new( %options )>
17555 C<$checker-E<gt>poderror( @args )>, C<$checker-E<gt>poderror( {%opts},
17558 C<$checker-E<gt>num_errors()>
17560 C<$checker-E<gt>num_warnings()>
17562 C<$checker-E<gt>name()>
17564 C<$checker-E<gt>node()>
17566 C<$checker-E<gt>idx()>
17568 C<$checker-E<gt>hyperlink()>
17576 =head2 Pod::Find - find POD documents in directory trees
17588 =item C<pod_find( { %opts } , @directories )>
17590 C<-verbose =E<gt> 1>, C<-perl =E<gt> 1>, C<-script =E<gt> 1>, C<-inc =E<gt>
17597 =item C<simplify_name( $str )>
17603 =item C<pod_where( { %opts }, $pod )>
17605 C<-inc =E<gt> 1>, C<-dirs =E<gt> [ $dir1, $dir2, ... ]>, C<-verbose =E<gt>
17612 =item C<contains_pod( $file , $verbose )>
17624 =head2 Pod::Html - module to convert pod files to HTML
17634 backlink, cachedir, css, flush, header, help, htmldir, htmlroot, index,
17635 infile, libpods, netscape, outfile, podpath, podroot, quiet, recurse,
17650 =head2 Pod::InputObjects - objects representing POD input paragraphs,
17663 package B<Pod::InputSource>, package B<Pod::Paragraph>, package
17664 B<Pod::InteriorSequence>, package B<Pod::ParseTree>
17670 =item B<Pod::InputSource>
17694 =item B<was_cutting()>
17700 =item B<Pod::Paragraph>
17706 =item Pod::Paragraph-E<gt>B<new()>
17712 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<cmd_name()>
17718 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<text()>
17724 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<raw_text()>
17730 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<cmd_prefix()>
17736 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<cmd_separator()>
17742 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<parse_tree()>
17748 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<file_line()>
17754 =item B<Pod::InteriorSequence>
17760 =item Pod::InteriorSequence-E<gt>B<new()>
17766 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<cmd_name()>
17772 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<prepend()>
17778 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<append()>
17784 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<nested()>
17790 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<raw_text()>
17796 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<left_delimiter()>
17802 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<right_delimiter()>
17808 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<parse_tree()>
17814 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<file_line()>
17820 =item Pod::InteriorSequence::B<DESTROY()>
17826 =item B<Pod::ParseTree>
17832 =item Pod::ParseTree-E<gt>B<new()>
17838 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<top()>
17844 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<children()>
17850 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<prepend()>
17856 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<append()>
17862 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<raw_text()>
17868 =item Pod::ParseTree::B<DESTROY()>
17880 =head2 Pod::LaTeX - Convert Pod data to formatted Latex
17892 =item OBJECT METHODS
17900 =item Data Accessors
17916 B<ReplaceNAMEwithSection>
17918 B<StartWithNewPage>
17932 =item Subclassed methods
17946 B<interior_sequence>
17962 =item Methods for headings
17970 =item Internal methods
17976 B<_replace_special_chars>
17978 B<_replace_special_chars_late>
17984 B<_clean_latex_commands>
17986 B<_split_delimited>
18002 =head2 Pod::Man - Convert POD data to formatted *roff input
18010 center, date, fixed, fixedbold, fixeditalic, fixedbolditalic, name, quotes,
18015 roff font should be 1 or 2 chars, not "%s", Invalid link %s, Invalid quote
18016 specification "%s", %s:%d: Unknown command paragraph "%s", %s:%d: Unknown
18017 escape EE<lt>%sE<gt>, %s:%d: Unknown formatting code %s, %s:%d: Unmatched
18028 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
18032 =head2 Pod::ParseLink - Parse an LE<lt>E<gt> formatting code in POD text
18044 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
18048 =head2 Pod::ParseUtils - helpers for POD parsing and conversion
18062 Pod::List-E<gt>new()
18070 $list-E<gt>indent()
18078 $list-E<gt>parent()
18084 =item Pod::Hyperlink
18086 Pod::Hyperlink-E<gt>new()
18090 $link-E<gt>parse($string)
18092 $link-E<gt>markup($string)
18096 $link-E<gt>warning()
18098 $link-E<gt>file(), $link-E<gt>line()
18104 $link-E<gt>alttext()
18114 Pod::Cache-E<gt>new()
18120 $cache-E<gt>find_page($name)
18124 =item Pod::Cache::Item
18126 Pod::Cache::Item-E<gt>new()
18130 $cacheitem-E<gt>page()
18132 $cacheitem-E<gt>description()
18134 $cacheitem-E<gt>path()
18136 $cacheitem-E<gt>file()
18138 $cacheitem-E<gt>nodes()
18140 $cacheitem-E<gt>find_node($name)
18142 $cacheitem-E<gt>idx()
18152 =head2 Pod::Parser - base class for creating POD filters and translators
18164 =item QUICK OVERVIEW
18166 =item PARSING OPTIONS
18168 B<-want_nonPODs> (default: unset), B<-process_cut_cmd> (default: unset),
18169 B<-warnings> (default: unset)
18175 =item RECOMMENDED SUBROUTINE/METHOD OVERRIDES
18183 C<$cmd>, C<$text>, C<$line_num>, C<$pod_para>
18189 =item B<verbatim()>
18191 C<$text>, C<$line_num>, C<$pod_para>
18197 =item B<textblock()>
18199 C<$text>, C<$line_num>, C<$pod_para>
18205 =item B<interior_sequence()>
18211 =item OPTIONAL SUBROUTINE/METHOD OVERRIDES
18223 =item B<initialize()>
18229 =item B<begin_pod()>
18235 =item B<begin_input()>
18241 =item B<end_input()>
18253 =item B<preprocess_line()>
18259 =item B<preprocess_paragraph()>
18265 =item METHODS FOR PARSING AND PROCESSING
18271 =item B<parse_text()>
18273 B<-expand_seq> =E<gt> I<code-ref>|I<method-name>, B<-expand_text> =E<gt>
18274 I<code-ref>|I<method-name>, B<-expand_ptree> =E<gt>
18275 I<code-ref>|I<method-name>
18281 =item B<interpolate()>
18287 =item B<parse_paragraph()>
18293 =item B<parse_from_filehandle()>
18299 =item B<parse_from_file()>
18305 =item ACCESSOR METHODS
18311 =item B<errorsub()>
18323 =item B<parseopts()>
18329 =item B<output_file()>
18335 =item B<output_handle()>
18341 =item B<input_file()>
18347 =item B<input_handle()>
18353 =item B<input_streams()>
18359 =item B<top_stream()>
18365 =item PRIVATE METHODS AND DATA
18371 =item B<_push_input_stream()>
18377 =item B<_pop_input_stream()>
18383 =item TREE-BASED PARSING
18391 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToChecker - let Perldoc check Pod for errors
18401 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
18407 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToMan - let Perldoc render Pod as man pages
18419 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
18425 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToNroff - let Perldoc convert Pod to nroff
18437 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
18443 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToPod - let Perldoc render Pod as ... Pod!
18453 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
18459 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToRtf - let Perldoc render Pod as RTF
18469 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
18475 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToText - let Perldoc render Pod as plaintext
18487 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
18493 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToTk - let Perldoc use Tk::Pod to render Pod
18507 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToXml - let Perldoc render Pod as XML
18517 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
18523 =head2 Pod::PlainText - Convert POD data to formatted ASCII text
18531 alt, indent, loose, sentence, width
18535 Bizarre space in item, Can't open %s for reading: %s, Unknown escape: %s,
18536 Unknown sequence: %s, Unmatched =back
18548 =head2 Pod::Plainer - Perl extension for converting Pod to old style Pod.
18568 =head2 Pod::Select, podselect() - extract selected sections of POD from
18581 =item SECTION SPECIFICATIONS
18583 =item RANGE SPECIFICATIONS
18589 =item OBJECT METHODS
18595 =item B<curr_headings()>
18607 =item B<add_selection()>
18613 =item B<clear_selections()>
18619 =item B<match_section()>
18625 =item B<is_selected()>
18631 =item EXPORTED FUNCTIONS
18637 =item B<podselect()>
18639 B<-output>, B<-sections>, B<-ranges>
18645 =item PRIVATE METHODS AND DATA
18651 =item B<_compile_section_spec()>
18657 =item $self->{_SECTION_HEADINGS}
18663 =item $self->{_SELECTED_SECTIONS}
18675 =head2 Pod::Text - Convert POD data to formatted ASCII text
18683 alt, code, indent, loose, margin, quotes, sentence, width
18687 Bizarre space in item, Item called without tag, Can't open %s for reading:
18688 %s, Invalid quote specification "%s", %s:%d: Unknown command paragraph: %s,
18689 %s:%d: Unknown escape: %s, %s:%d: Unknown formatting code: %s, %s:%d:
18700 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
18704 =head2 Pod::Text::Color - Convert POD data to formatted color ASCII text
18718 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
18722 =head2 Pod::Text::Overstrike - Convert POD data to formatted overstrike
18737 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
18741 =head2 Pod::Text::Termcap - Convert POD data to ASCII text with format
18756 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
18760 =head2 Pod::Usage, pod2usage() - print a usage message from embedded pod
18769 C<-message>, C<-msg>, C<-exitval>, C<-verbose>, C<-output>, C<-input>,
18778 =item Recommended Use
18786 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
18790 =head2 SDBM_File - Tied access to sdbm files
18798 C<O_RDONLY>, C<O_WRONLY>, C<O_RDWR>
18804 =item C<sdbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...>
18808 =item BUGS AND WARNINGS
18812 =head2 Safe - Compile and execute code in restricted compartments
18820 a new namespace, an operator mask
18826 =item RECENT CHANGES
18828 =item Methods in class Safe
18830 permit (OP, ...), permit_only (OP, ...), deny (OP, ...), deny_only (OP,
18831 ...), trap (OP, ...), untrap (OP, ...), share (NAME, ...), share_from
18832 (PACKAGE, ARRAYREF), varglob (VARNAME), reval (STRING), rdo (FILENAME),
18833 root (NAMESPACE), mask (MASK)
18835 =item Some Safety Issues
18837 Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes
18845 =head2 Scalar::Util - A selection of general-utility scalar subroutines
18853 blessed EXPR, dualvar NUM, STRING, isvstring EXPR, isweak EXPR,
18854 looks_like_number EXPR, openhandle FH, refaddr EXPR, reftype EXPR,
18855 set_prototype CODEREF, PROTOTYPE, tainted EXPR, weaken REF
18865 =head2 Search::Dict, look - search for key in dictionary file
18875 =head2 SelectSaver - save and restore selected file handle
18885 =head2 SelfLoader - load functions only on demand
18895 =item The __DATA__ token
18897 =item SelfLoader autoloading
18899 =item Autoloading and package lexicals
18901 =item SelfLoader and AutoLoader
18903 =item __DATA__, __END__, and the FOOBAR::DATA filehandle.
18905 =item Classes and inherited methods.
18909 =item Multiple packages and fully qualified subroutine names
18913 =head2 Shell - run shell commands transparently within perl
18923 =item OBJECT ORIENTED SYNTAX
18931 =head2 Socket, sockaddr_in, sockaddr_un, inet_aton, inet_ntoa - load the C
18932 socket.h defines and structure manipulators
18940 inet_aton HOSTNAME, inet_ntoa IP_ADDRESS, INADDR_ANY, INADDR_BROADCAST,
18941 INADDR_LOOPBACK, INADDR_NONE, sockaddr_family SOCKADDR, sockaddr_in PORT,
18942 ADDRESS, sockaddr_in SOCKADDR_IN, pack_sockaddr_in PORT, IP_ADDRESS,
18943 unpack_sockaddr_in SOCKADDR_IN, sockaddr_un PATHNAME, sockaddr_un
18944 SOCKADDR_UN, pack_sockaddr_un PATH, unpack_sockaddr_un SOCKADDR_UN
18948 =head2 Storable - persistence for Perl data structures
18958 =item ADVISORY LOCKING
18962 =item CANONICAL REPRESENTATION
18964 =item CODE REFERENCES
18966 =item FORWARD COMPATIBILITY
18968 utf8 data, restricted hashes, files from future versions of Storable
18970 =item ERROR REPORTING
18978 C<STORABLE_freeze> I<obj>, I<cloning>, C<STORABLE_thaw> I<obj>, I<cloning>,
18983 C<Storable::last_op_in_netorder>, C<Storable::is_storing>,
18984 C<Storable::is_retrieving>
18992 =item Storable magic
19002 =item 64 bit data in perl 5.6.0 and 5.6.1
19014 =head2 Switch - A switch statement for Perl
19028 =item Allowing fall-through
19030 =item Automating fall-through
19032 =item Alternative syntax
19034 =item Higher-order Operations
19050 =head2 Symbol - manipulate Perl symbols and their names
19060 =head2 Sys::Hostname - Try every conceivable way to get hostname
19072 =head2 Syslog, Sys::Syslog, openlog, closelog, setlogmask, syslog - Perl
19073 interface to the UNIX syslog(3) calls
19081 openlog $ident, $logopt, $facility, syslog $priority, $format, @args,
19082 setlogmask $mask_priority, setlogsock $sock_type [$stream_location] (added
19083 in 5.004_02), closelog
19093 =head2 Syslog::Syslog, Sys::Syslog, openlog, closelog, setlogmask, syslog -
19094 Perl interface to the UNIX syslog(3) calls
19102 openlog $ident, $logopt, $facility, syslog $priority, $format, @args,
19103 setlogmask $mask_priority, setlogsock $sock_type [$stream_location] (added
19104 in 5.004_02), closelog
19114 =head2 Term::ANSIColor - Color screen output using ANSI escape sequences
19124 Bad escape sequence %s, Bareword "%s" not allowed while "strict subs" in
19125 use, Invalid attribute name %s, Name "%s" used only once: possible typo, No
19126 comma allowed after filehandle, No name for escape sequence %s
19130 ANSI_COLORS_DISABLED
19140 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
19144 =head2 Term::Cap - Perl termcap interface
19160 B<Tgetent>, OSPEED, TERM
19162 B<Tpad>, B<$string>, B<$cnt>, B<$FH>
19164 B<Tputs>, B<$cap>, B<$cnt>, B<$FH>
19166 B<Tgoto>, B<$cap>, B<$col>, B<$row>, B<$FH>
19174 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
19182 =head2 Term::Complete - Perl word completion module
19190 E<lt>tabE<gt>, ^D, ^U, E<lt>delE<gt>, E<lt>bsE<gt>
19200 =head2 Term::ReadLine - Perl interface to various C<readline> packages.
19201 If no real package is found, substitutes stubs instead of basic functions.
19209 =item Minimal set of supported functions
19211 C<ReadLine>, C<new>, C<readline>, C<addhistory>, C<IN>, C<OUT>, C<MinLine>,
19212 C<findConsole>, Attribs, C<Features>
19214 =item Additional supported functions
19216 C<tkRunning>, C<ornaments>, C<newTTY>
19226 =head2 Test - provides a simple framework for writing test scripts
19234 =item QUICK START GUIDE
19240 C<plan(...)>, C<tests =E<gt> I<number>>, C<todo =E<gt> [I<1,5,14>]>,
19241 C<onfail =E<gt> sub { ... }>, C<onfail =E<gt> \&some_sub>
19251 C<skip(I<skip_if_true>, I<args...>)>
19257 NORMAL TESTS, SKIPPED TESTS, TODO TESTS
19261 =item BUGS and CAVEATS
19271 =head2 Test::Builder - Backend for building test libraries
19291 =item Setting up tests
19309 =item Running tests
19315 B<is_eq>, B<is_num>
19317 B<isnt_eq>, B<isnt_num>
19343 B<no_header>, B<no_ending>
19355 B<output>, B<failure_output>, B<todo_output>
19359 =item Test Status and Info
19393 =head2 Test::Harness - run perl standard test scripts with statistics
19403 =item The test script output
19405 B<'1..M'>, B<'ok', 'not ok'. Ok?>, B<test numbers>, B<test names>,
19406 B<Skipping tests>, B<Todo tests>, B<Bail out!>, B<Comments>, B<Anything
19411 =item Configuration variables.
19413 B<$Test::Harness::verbose>, B<$Test::Harness::switches>
19417 B<Failed Test>, B<Stat>, B<Wstat>, B<Total>, B<Fail>, B<Failed>, B<List of
19444 C<All tests successful.\nFiles=%d, Tests=%d, %s>, C<FAILED tests
19445 %s\n\tFailed %d/%d tests, %.2f%% okay.>, C<Test returned status %d (wstat
19446 %d)>, C<Failed 1 test, %.2f%% okay. %s>, C<Failed %d/%d tests, %.2f%% okay.
19447 %s>, C<FAILED--Further testing stopped: %s>
19451 C<HARNESS_ACTIVE>, C<HARNESS_COLUMNS>, C<HARNESS_COMPILE_TEST>,
19452 C<HARNESS_FILELEAK_IN_DIR>, C<HARNESS_IGNORE_EXITCODE>, C<HARNESS_NOTTY>,
19453 C<HARNESS_OK_SLOW>, C<HARNESS_PERL_SWITCHES>, C<HARNESS_VERBOSE>
19469 =head2 Test::Harness::Assert - simple assert
19495 =head2 Test::Harness::Iterator - Internal Test::Harness Iterator
19505 =head2 Test::Harness::Straps - detailed analysis of test results
19543 B<_restore_PERL5LIB>
19559 B<_reset_file_state>
19579 =head2 Test::More - yet another framework for writing test scripts
19589 =item I love it when a plan comes together
19599 =item I'm ok, you're not ok.
19639 =item Conditional tests
19645 B<TODO: BLOCK>, B<todo_skip>
19647 When do I use SKIP vs. TODO?
19651 =item Comparison functions
19665 =item Extending and Embedding Test::More
19675 =item BUGS and CAVEATS
19677 Making your own ok(), The eq_* family has some caveats, Test::Harness
19690 =head2 Test::Simple - Basic utilities for writing tests.
19714 L<Test::More>, L<Test>, L<Test::Unit>, L<Test::Inline>, L<SelfTest>,
19723 =head2 Test::Tutorial - A tutorial about writing really basic tests
19731 =item Nuts and bolts of testing.
19733 =item Where to start?
19737 =item Test the manual
19739 =item Sometimes the tests are wrong
19741 =item Testing lots of values
19743 =item Informative names
19745 =item Skipping tests
19749 =item Testing with taint mode.
19761 =head2 Text::Abbrev, abbrev - create an abbreviation table from a list
19773 =head2 Text::Balanced - Extract delimited text sequences from strings.
19783 =item General behaviour in list contexts
19787 =item General behaviour in scalar and void contexts
19789 =item A note about prefixes
19791 =item C<extract_delimited>
19793 =item C<extract_bracketed>
19795 =item C<extract_variable>
19799 =item C<extract_tagged>
19801 C<reject =E<gt> $listref>, C<ignore =E<gt> $listref>, C<fail =E<gt> $str>,
19802 [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5]
19804 =item C<gen_extract_tagged>
19806 =item C<extract_quotelike>
19808 [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [10]
19810 =item C<extract_quotelike> and "here documents"
19812 [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7..10]
19814 =item C<extract_codeblock>
19816 =item C<extract_multiple>
19818 =item C<gen_delimited_pat>
19824 C<Did not find a suitable bracket: "%s">, C<Did not find prefix: /%s/>,
19825 C<Did not find opening bracket after prefix: "%s">, C<No quotelike
19826 operator found after prefix: "%s">, C<Unmatched closing bracket: "%c">,
19827 C<Unmatched opening bracket(s): "%s">, C<Unmatched embedded quote (%s)>,
19828 C<Did not find closing delimiter to match '%s'>, C<Mismatched closing
19829 bracket: expected "%c" but found "%s">, C<No block delimiter found after
19830 quotelike "%s">, C<Did not find leading dereferencer>, C<Bad identifier
19831 after dereferencer>, C<Did not find expected opening bracket at %s>,
19832 C<Improperly nested codeblock at %s>, C<Missing second block for quotelike
19833 "%s">, C<No match found for opening bracket>, C<Did not find opening tag:
19834 /%s/>, C<Unable to construct closing tag to match: /%s/>, C<Found invalid
19835 nested tag: %s>, C<Found unbalanced nested tag: %s>, C<Did not find closing
19840 =item BUGS AND IRRITATIONS
19846 =head2 Text::ParseWords - parse text into an array of tokens or array of
19861 =head2 Text::Soundex - Implementation of the Soundex Algorithm as Described
19878 =head2 Text::Tabs -- expand and unexpand tabs per the unix expand(1) and
19893 =head2 Text::Wrap - line wrapping to form simple paragraphs
19909 =head2 Thread - manipulate threads in Perl (for old code only)
19921 $thread = Thread->new(\&start_sub), $thread = Thread->new(\&start_sub,
19922 LIST), lock VARIABLE, async BLOCK;, Thread->self, cond_wait VARIABLE,
19923 cond_signal VARIABLE, cond_broadcast VARIABLE, yield
19927 join, eval, detach, equal, tid, flags, done
19935 =head2 Thread::Queue - thread-safe queues
19943 =item FUNCTIONS AND METHODS
19945 new, enqueue LIST, dequeue, dequeue_nb, pending
19951 =head2 Thread::Semaphore - thread-safe semaphores
19959 =item FUNCTIONS AND METHODS
19961 new, new NUMBER, down, down NUMBER, up, up NUMBER
19965 =head2 Thread::Signal - Start a thread which runs signal handlers reliably
19980 =head2 Thread::Specific - thread-specific keys
19990 =head2 Tie::Array - base class for tied arrays
19998 TIEARRAY classname, LIST, STORE this, index, value, FETCH this, index,
19999 FETCHSIZE this, STORESIZE this, count, EXTEND this, count, EXISTS this,
20000 key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, DESTROY this, PUSH this, LIST, POP this,
20001 SHIFT this, UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST
20009 =head2 Tie::File - Access the lines of a disk file via a Perl array
20029 =item Option Format
20033 =item Public Methods
20041 =item C<defer>, C<flush>, C<discard>, and C<autodefer>
20047 =item Tying to an already-opened filehandle
20049 =item Deferred Writing
20053 =item Autodeferring
20057 =item CONCURRENT ACCESS TO FILES
20063 =item WHAT ABOUT C<DB_File>?
20077 =head2 Tie::Handle, Tie::StdHandle - base class definitions for tied
20086 TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, WRITE this, scalar, length, offset, PRINT this,
20087 LIST, PRINTF this, format, LIST, READ this, scalar, length, offset,
20088 READLINE this, GETC this, CLOSE this, OPEN this, filename, BINMODE this,
20089 EOF this, TELL this, SEEK this, offset, whence, DESTROY this
20091 =item MORE INFORMATION
20093 =item COMPATIBILITY
20097 =head2 Tie::Hash, Tie::StdHash, Tie::ExtraHash - base class definitions for
20106 TIEHASH classname, LIST, STORE this, key, value, FETCH this, key, FIRSTKEY
20107 this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, EXISTS this, key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this
20109 =item Inheriting from B<Tie::StdHash>
20111 =item Inheriting from B<Tie::ExtraHash>
20113 =item C<UNTIE> and C<DESTROY>
20115 =item MORE INFORMATION
20119 =head2 Tie::Memoize - add data to hash when needed
20127 =item Inheriting from B<Tie::Memoize>
20137 =head2 Tie::RefHash - use references as hash keys
20155 =head2 Tie::Scalar, Tie::StdScalar - base class definitions for tied
20164 TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, DESTROY this
20166 =item MORE INFORMATION
20170 =head2 Tie::SubstrHash - Fixed-table-size, fixed-key-length hashing
20182 =head2 Time::HiRes - High resolution alarm, sleep, gettimeofday, interval
20191 gettimeofday (), usleep ( $useconds ), ualarm ( $useconds [,
20192 $interval_useconds ] ), tv_interval, time (), sleep ( $floating_seconds ),
20193 alarm ( $floating_seconds [, $interval_floating_seconds ] ), setitimer,
20194 getitimer ( $which )
20204 =item negative time not invented yet
20206 =item internal error: useconds < 0 (unsigned ... signed ...)
20214 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
20218 =head2 Time::Local - efficiently compute time from local and GMT time
20226 =item IMPLEMENTATION
20236 =head2 Time::gmtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gmtime()
20251 =head2 Time::localtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in localtime()
20266 =head2 Time::tm - internal object used by Time::gmtime and Time::localtime
20278 =head2 UNIVERSAL - base class for ALL classes (blessed references)
20286 C<< $obj->isa( TYPE ) >>, C<< CLASS->isa( TYPE ) >>, C<isa( VAL, TYPE )>,
20287 C<TYPE>, C<$obj>, C<CLASS>, C<VAL>, C<< $obj->can( METHOD ) >>, C<<
20288 CLASS->can( METHOD ) >>, C<can( VAL, METHOD )>, C<VERSION ( [ REQUIRE ] )>
20294 =head2 Unicode::Collate - Unicode Collation Algorithm
20304 =item Constructor and Tailoring
20306 UCA_Version, alternate, backwards, entry, ignoreName, ignoreChar, level,
20307 normalization, overrideCJK, overrideHangul, preprocess, rearrange, table,
20308 undefName, undefChar, katakana_before_hiragana, upper_before_lower
20310 =item Methods for Collation
20312 C<@sorted = $Collator-E<gt>sort(@not_sorted)>, C<$result =
20313 $Collator-E<gt>cmp($a, $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>eq($a, $b)>,
20314 C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>ne($a, $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>lt($a,
20315 $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>le($a, $b)>, C<$result =
20316 $Collator-E<gt>gt($a, $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>ge($a, $b)>,
20317 C<$sortKey = $Collator-E<gt>getSortKey($string)>, C<$sortKeyForm =
20318 $Collator-E<gt>viewSortKey($string)>
20320 =item Methods for Searching
20322 C<$position = $Collator-E<gt>index($string, $substring[, $position])>,
20323 C<($position, $length) = $Collator-E<gt>index($string, $substring[,
20324 $position])>, C<$match_ref = $Collator-E<gt>match($string, $substring)>,
20325 C<($match) = $Collator-E<gt>match($string, $substring)>, C<@match =
20326 $Collator-E<gt>gmatch($string, $substring)>, C<$count =
20327 $Collator-E<gt>subst($string, $substring, $replacement)>, C<$count =
20328 $Collator-E<gt>gsubst($string, $substring, $replacement)>
20330 =item Other Methods
20332 C<%old_tailoring = $Collator-E<gt>change(%new_tailoring)>, UCA_Version,
20333 Base_Unicode_Version
20339 =item Conformance Test
20347 http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr10/,
20348 http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr10/allkeys.txt,
20349 http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr10/CollationTest.html
20350 http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr10/CollationTest.zip,
20351 http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr15/, L<Unicode::Normalize>
20355 =head2 Unicode::Normalize - Unicode Normalization Forms
20365 =item Normalization Forms
20367 C<$NFD_string = NFD($string)>, C<$NFC_string = NFC($string)>,
20368 C<$NFKD_string = NFKD($string)>, C<$NFKC_string = NFKC($string)>,
20369 C<$normalized_string = normalize($form_name, $string)>
20371 =item Decomposition and Composition
20373 C<$decomposed_string = decompose($string)>, C<$decomposed_string =
20374 decompose($string, $useCompatMapping)>, C<$reordered_string =
20375 reorder($string)>, C<$composed_string = compose($string)>
20379 C<$result = checkNFD($string)>, C<$result = checkNFC($string)>, C<$result =
20380 checkNFKD($string)>, C<$result = checkNFKC($string)>, C<$result =
20381 check($form_name, $string)>
20383 =item Character Data
20385 C<$canonical_decomposed = getCanon($codepoint)>,
20386 C<$compatibility_decomposed = getCompat($codepoint)>,
20387 C<$codepoint_composite = getComposite($codepoint_here, $codepoint_next)>,
20388 C<$combining_class = getCombinClass($codepoint)>, C<$is_exclusion =
20389 isExclusion($codepoint)>, C<$is_singleton = isSingleton($codepoint)>,
20390 C<$is_non_starter_decomposition = isNonStDecomp($codepoint)>,
20391 C<$may_be_composed_with_prev_char = isComp2nd($codepoint)>
20401 http://www.unicode.org/unicode/reports/tr15/,
20402 http://www.unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/DerivedNormalizationProps.txt
20406 =head2 Unicode::UCD - Unicode character database
20448 =item Blocks versus Scripts
20450 =item Matching Scripts and Blocks
20452 =item Code Point Arguments
20478 =item Unicode::UCD::UnicodeVersion
20484 =item Implementation Note
20496 =head2 User::grent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getgr*()
20511 =head2 User::pwent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getpw*()
20522 =item System Specifics
20536 =head2 Win32 - Interfaces to some Win32 API Functions
20544 =item Alphabetical Listing of Win32 Functions
20546 Win32::AbortSystemShutdown(MACHINE), Win32::BuildNumber(),
20547 Win32::CopyFile(FROM, TO, OVERWRITE), Win32::DomainName(),
20548 Win32::ExpandEnvironmentStrings(STRING), Win32::FormatMessage(ERRORCODE),
20549 Win32::FsType(), Win32::FreeLibrary(HANDLE), Win32::GetArchName(),
20550 Win32::GetChipName(), Win32::GetCwd(), Win32::GetFolderPath(FOLDER [,
20551 CREATE]), Win32::GetFullPathName(FILENAME), Win32::GetLastError(),
20552 Win32::GetLongPathName(PATHNAME), Win32::GetNextAvailDrive(),
20553 Win32::GetOSVersion(), Win32::GetOSName(),
20554 Win32::GetShortPathName(PATHNAME), Win32::GetProcAddress(INSTANCE,
20555 PROCNAME), Win32::GetTickCount(), Win32::InitiateSystemShutdown,
20556 Win32::IsWinNT(), Win32::IsWin95(), Win32::LoadLibrary(LIBNAME),
20557 Win32::LoginName(), Win32::LookupAccountName(SYSTEM, ACCOUNT, DOMAIN, SID,
20558 SIDTYPE), Win32::LookupAccountSID(SYSTEM, SID, ACCOUNT, DOMAIN, SIDTYPE),
20559 Win32::MsgBox(MESSAGE [, FLAGS [, TITLE]]), Win32::NodeName(),
20560 Win32::RegisterServer(LIBRARYNAME), Win32::SetChildShowWindow(SHOWWINDOW),
20561 Win32::SetCwd(NEWDIRECTORY), Win32::SetLastError(ERROR),
20562 Win32::Sleep(TIME), Win32::Spawn(COMMAND, ARGS, PID),
20563 Win32::UnregisterServer(LIBRARYNAME)
20569 =head2 XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code
20581 =head1 AUXILIARY DOCUMENTATION
20583 Here should be listed all the extra programs' documentation, but they
20584 don't all have manual pages yet:
20610 Larry Wall <F<larry@wall.org>>, with the help of oodles