2 # !!!!!!! DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE !!!!!!!
3 # This file is autogenerated by buildtoc from all the other pods.
4 # Edit those files and run buildtoc --build-toc to effect changes.
8 perltoc - perl documentation table of contents
12 This page provides a brief table of contents for the rest of the Perl
13 documentation set. It is meant to be scanned quickly or grepped
14 through to locate the proper section you're looking for.
16 =head1 BASIC DOCUMENTATION
18 =head2 perl - Practical Extraction and Report Language
30 =item Reference Manual
32 =item Internals and C Language Interface
36 =item Language-Specific
38 =item Platform-Specific
62 =head2 perlintro -- a brief introduction and overview of Perl
72 =item Running Perl programs
74 =item Basic syntax overview
76 =item Perl variable types
78 Scalars, Arrays, Hashes
80 =item Variable scoping
82 =item Conditional and looping constructs
84 if, while, for, foreach
86 =item Builtin operators and functions
88 Arithmetic, Numeric comparison, String comparison, Boolean logic,
93 =item Regular expressions
95 Simple matching, Simple substitution, More complex regular expressions,
96 Parentheses for capturing, Other regexp features
98 =item Writing subroutines
102 =item Using Perl modules
110 =head2 perlreftut - Mark's very short tutorial about references
116 =item Who Needs Complicated Data Structures?
124 =item Making References
126 =item Using References
144 =item Distribution Conditions
150 =head2 perldsc - Perl Data Structures Cookbook
156 arrays of arrays, hashes of arrays, arrays of hashes, hashes of hashes,
157 more elaborate constructs
160 X<reference> X<dereference> X<dereferencing> X<pointer>
162 =item COMMON MISTAKES
164 =item CAVEAT ON PRECEDENCE
165 X<dereference, precedence> X<dereferencing, precedence>
167 =item WHY YOU SHOULD ALWAYS C<use strict>
170 X<data structure, debugging> X<complex data structure, debugging>
171 X<AoA, debugging> X<HoA, debugging> X<AoH, debugging> X<HoH, debugging>
172 X<array of arrays, debugging> X<hash of arrays, debugging>
173 X<array of hashes, debugging> X<hash of hashes, debugging>
177 =item ARRAYS OF ARRAYS
178 X<array of arrays> X<AoA>
182 =item Declaration of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
184 =item Generation of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
186 =item Access and Printing of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
190 =item HASHES OF ARRAYS
191 X<hash of arrays> X<HoA>
195 =item Declaration of a HASH OF ARRAYS
197 =item Generation of a HASH OF ARRAYS
199 =item Access and Printing of a HASH OF ARRAYS
203 =item ARRAYS OF HASHES
204 X<array of hashes> X<AoH>
208 =item Declaration of an ARRAY OF HASHES
210 =item Generation of an ARRAY OF HASHES
212 =item Access and Printing of an ARRAY OF HASHES
216 =item HASHES OF HASHES
217 X<hass of hashes> X<HoH>
221 =item Declaration of a HASH OF HASHES
223 =item Generation of a HASH OF HASHES
225 =item Access and Printing of a HASH OF HASHES
229 =item MORE ELABORATE RECORDS
230 X<record> X<structure> X<struct>
234 =item Declaration of MORE ELABORATE RECORDS
236 =item Declaration of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS
238 =item Generation of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS
250 =head2 perllol - Manipulating Arrays of Arrays in Perl
258 =item Declaration and Access of Arrays of Arrays
260 =item Growing Your Own
262 =item Access and Printing
274 =head2 perlrequick - Perl regular expressions quick start
284 =item Simple word matching
286 =item Using character classes
288 =item Matching this or that
290 =item Grouping things and hierarchical matching
292 =item Extracting matches
294 =item Matching repetitions
298 =item Search and replace
300 =item The split operator
308 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
312 =item Acknowledgments
318 =head2 perlretut - Perl regular expressions tutorial
324 =item Part 1: The basics
328 =item Simple word matching
330 =item Using character classes
332 =item Matching this or that
334 =item Grouping things and hierarchical matching
336 =item Extracting matches
338 =item Matching repetitions
340 =item Building a regexp
342 =item Using regular expressions in Perl
346 =item Part 2: Power tools
350 =item More on characters, strings, and character classes
352 =item Compiling and saving regular expressions
354 =item Embedding comments and modifiers in a regular expression
356 =item Non-capturing groupings
358 =item Looking ahead and looking behind
360 =item Using independent subexpressions to prevent backtracking
362 =item Conditional expressions
364 =item A bit of magic: executing Perl code in a regular expression
366 =item Pragmas and debugging
374 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
378 =item Acknowledgments
384 =head2 perlboot - Beginner's Object-Oriented Tutorial
392 =item If we could talk to the animals...
394 =item Introducing the method invocation arrow
396 =item Invoking a barnyard
398 =item The extra parameter of method invocation
400 =item Calling a second method to simplify things
402 =item Inheriting the windpipes
404 =item A few notes about @ISA
406 =item Overriding the methods
408 =item Starting the search from a different place
410 =item The SUPER way of doing things
412 =item Where we're at so far...
414 =item A horse is a horse, of course of course -- or is it?
416 =item Invoking an instance method
418 =item Accessing the instance data
420 =item How to build a horse
422 =item Inheriting the constructor
424 =item Making a method work with either classes or instances
426 =item Adding parameters to a method
428 =item More interesting instances
430 =item A horse of a different color
442 =head2 perltoot - Tom's object-oriented tutorial for perl
448 =item Creating a Class
452 =item Object Representation
454 =item Class Interface
456 =item Constructors and Instance Methods
458 =item Planning for the Future: Better Constructors
462 =item Other Object Methods
470 =item Accessing Class Data
472 =item Debugging Methods
474 =item Class Destructors
476 =item Documenting the Interface
486 =item Overridden Methods
488 =item Multiple Inheritance
490 =item UNIVERSAL: The Root of All Objects
494 =item Alternate Object Representations
498 =item Arrays as Objects
500 =item Closures as Objects
504 =item AUTOLOAD: Proxy Methods
508 =item Autoloaded Data Methods
510 =item Inherited Autoloaded Data Methods
514 =item Metaclassical Tools
520 =item Data Members as Variables
528 =item Object Terminology
534 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
540 =item Acknowledgments
546 =head2 perltooc - Tom's OO Tutorial for Class Data in Perl
552 =item Class Data in a Can
554 =item Class Data as Package Variables
558 =item Putting All Your Eggs in One Basket
560 =item Inheritance Concerns
562 =item The Eponymous Meta-Object
564 =item Indirect References to Class Data
566 =item Monadic Classes
568 =item Translucent Attributes
572 =item Class Data as Lexical Variables
576 =item Privacy and Responsibility
578 =item File-Scoped Lexicals
580 =item More Inheritance Concerns
582 =item Locking the Door and Throwing Away the Key
584 =item Translucency Revisited
592 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
594 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
600 =head2 perlbot - Bag'o Object Tricks (the BOT)
606 =item OO SCALING TIPS
608 =item INSTANCE VARIABLES
610 =item SCALAR INSTANCE VARIABLES
612 =item INSTANCE VARIABLE INHERITANCE
614 =item OBJECT RELATIONSHIPS
616 =item OVERRIDING SUPERCLASS METHODS
618 =item USING RELATIONSHIP WITH SDBM
620 =item THINKING OF CODE REUSE
622 =item CLASS CONTEXT AND THE OBJECT
624 =item INHERITING A CONSTRUCTOR
632 =head2 perlstyle - Perl style guide
640 =head2 perlcheat - Perl 5 Cheat Sheet
652 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
660 =head2 perltrap - Perl traps for the unwary
678 =item Perl4 to Perl5 Traps
680 Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps, Parsing Traps, Numerical
681 Traps, General data type traps, Context Traps - scalar, list contexts,
682 Precedence Traps, General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc,
683 Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps, OS Traps, DBM Traps, Unclassified Traps
685 =item Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps
687 Symbols starting with "_" no longer forced into main, Double-colon valid
688 package separator in variable name, 2nd and 3rd args to C<splice()> are now
689 in scalar context, Can't do C<goto> into a block that is optimized away,
690 Can't use whitespace as variable name or quote delimiter, C<while/if BLOCK
691 BLOCK> gone, C<**> binds tighter than unary minus, C<foreach> changed when
692 iterating over a list, C<split> with no args behavior changed, B<-e>
693 behavior fixed, C<push> returns number of elements in resulting list, Some
694 error messages differ, C<split()> honors subroutine args, Bugs removed
698 Space between . and = triggers syntax error, Better parsing in perl 5,
699 Function parsing, String interpolation of C<$#array> differs, Perl guesses
700 on C<map>, C<grep> followed by C<{> if it starts BLOCK or hash ref
702 =item Numerical Traps
704 Formatted output and significant digits, Auto-increment operator over
705 signed int limit deleted, Assignment of return values from numeric equality
706 tests doesn't work, Bitwise string ops
708 =item General data type traps
710 Negative array subscripts now count from the end of array, Setting
711 C<$#array> lower now discards array elements, Hashes get defined before
712 use, Glob assignment from localized variable to variable, Assigning
713 C<undef> to glob, Changes in unary negation (of strings), Modifying of
714 constants prohibited, C<defined $var> behavior changed, Variable Suicide
716 =item Context Traps - scalar, list contexts
718 Elements of argument lists for formats evaluated in list context,
719 C<caller()> returns false value in scalar context if no caller present,
720 Comma operator in scalar context gives scalar context to args, C<sprintf()>
721 prototyped as C<($;@)>
723 =item Precedence Traps
725 LHS vs. RHS of any assignment operator, Semantic errors introduced due to
726 precedence, Precedence of assignment operators same as the precedence of
727 assignment, C<open> requires parentheses around filehandle, C<$:>
728 precedence over C<$::> gone, Precedence of file test operators documented,
729 C<keys>, C<each>, C<values> are regular named unary operators
731 =item General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc.
733 C<s'$lhs'$rhs'> interpolates on either side, C<m//g> attaches its state to
734 the searched string, C<m//o> used within an anonymous sub, C<$+> isn't set
735 to whole match, Substitution now returns null string if it fails,
736 C<s`lhs`rhs`> is now a normal substitution, Stricter parsing of variables
737 in regular expressions, C<m?x?> matches only once, Failed matches don't
738 reset the match variables
740 =item Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps
742 Barewords that used to look like strings look like subroutine calls,
743 Reverse is no longer allowed as the name of a sort subroutine, C<warn()>
744 won't let you specify a filehandle
748 SysV resets signal handler correctly, SysV C<seek()> appends correctly
750 =item Interpolation Traps
752 C<@> always interpolates an array in double-quotish strings, Double-quoted
753 strings may no longer end with an unescaped $, Arbitrary expressions are
754 evaluated inside braces within double quotes, C<$$x> now tries to
755 dereference $x, Creation of hashes on the fly with C<eval "EXPR"> requires
756 protection, Bugs in earlier perl versions, Array and hash brackets during
757 interpolation, Interpolation of C<\$$foo{bar}>, C<qq()> string passed to
758 C<eval> will not find string terminator
762 Perl5 must have been linked with same dbm/ndbm as the default for
763 C<dbmopen()>, DBM exceeding limit on the key/value size will cause perl5 to
766 =item Unclassified Traps
768 C<require>/C<do> trap using returned value, C<split> on empty string with
775 =head2 perldebtut - Perl debugging tutorial
783 =item Looking at data and -w and v
787 =item Stepping through code
789 =item Placeholder for a, w, t, T
791 =item REGULAR EXPRESSIONS
809 =head2 perlfaq - frequently asked questions about Perl ($Revision: 3606 $)
817 =item Where to get the perlfaq
819 =item How to contribute to the perlfaq
821 =item What will happen if you mail your Perl programming problems to the
828 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
830 =item Table of Contents
832 perlfaq - this document, perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl, perlfaq2
833 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl, perlfaq3 - Programming Tools, perlfaq4
834 - Data Manipulation, perlfaq5 - Files and Formats, perlfaq6 - Regular
835 Expressions, perlfaq7 - General Perl Language Issues, perlfaq8 - System
836 Interaction, perlfaq9 - Networking
842 =item L<perlfaq1>: General Questions About Perl
844 =item L<perlfaq2>: Obtaining and Learning about Perl
846 =item L<perlfaq3>: Programming Tools
848 =item L<perlfaq4>: Data Manipulation
850 =item L<perlfaq5>: Files and Formats
852 =item L<perlfaq6>: Regular Expressions
854 =item L<perlfaq7>: General Perl Language Issues
856 =item L<perlfaq8>: System Interaction
858 =item L<perlfaq9>: Networking
864 =head2 perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl ($Revision: 3606 $)
874 =item Who supports Perl? Who develops it? Why is it free?
876 =item Which version of Perl should I use?
878 =item What are perl4, perl5, or perl6?
884 =item How stable is Perl?
886 =item Is Perl difficult to learn?
888 =item How does Perl compare with other languages like Java, Python, REXX,
891 =item Can I do [task] in Perl?
893 =item When shouldn't I program in Perl?
895 =item What's the difference between "perl" and "Perl"?
897 =item Is it a Perl program or a Perl script?
899 =item What is a JAPH?
901 =item Where can I get a list of Larry Wall witticisms?
903 =item How can I convince others to use Perl?
905 http://perltraining.com.au/whyperl.html,
906 http://www.perl.org/advocacy/whyperl.html
912 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
916 =head2 perlfaq2 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl ($Revision: 3606 $)
924 =item What machines support perl? Where do I get it?
926 =item How can I get a binary version of perl?
928 =item I don't have a C compiler. How can I build my own Perl interpreter?
930 =item I copied the perl binary from one machine to another, but scripts
933 =item I grabbed the sources and tried to compile but gdbm/dynamic
934 loading/malloc/linking/... failed. How do I make it work?
936 =item What modules and extensions are available for Perl? What is CPAN?
937 What does CPAN/src/... mean?
939 =item Is there an ISO or ANSI certified version of Perl?
941 =item Where can I get information on Perl?
943 =item What are the Perl newsgroups on Usenet? Where do I post questions?
945 =item Where should I post source code?
949 References, Tutorials, Task-Oriented, Special Topics
951 =item Which magazines have Perl content?
953 =item What mailing lists are there for Perl?
955 =item Where are the archives for comp.lang.perl.misc?
957 =item Where can I buy a commercial version of perl?
959 =item Where do I send bug reports?
961 =item What is perl.com? Perl Mongers? pm.org? perl.org? cpan.org?
967 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
971 =head2 perlfaq3 - Programming Tools ($Revision: 3606 $)
979 =item How do I do (anything)?
981 =item How can I use Perl interactively?
983 =item Is there a Perl shell?
985 =item How do I find which modules are installed on my system?
987 =item How do I debug my Perl programs?
989 =item How do I profile my Perl programs?
991 =item How do I cross-reference my Perl programs?
993 =item Is there a pretty-printer (formatter) for Perl?
995 =item Is there a ctags for Perl?
997 =item Is there an IDE or Windows Perl Editor?
999 Eclipse, Enginsite, Komodo, Open Perl IDE, OptiPerl, PerlBuilder,
1000 visiPerl+, Visual Perl, Zeus, GNU Emacs, MicroEMACS, XEmacs, Jed, Elvis,
1001 Vile, Vim, Codewright, MultiEdit, SlickEdit, Bash, Ksh, Tcsh, Zsh, Affrus,
1002 Alpha, BBEdit and BBEdit Lite
1004 =item Where can I get Perl macros for vi?
1006 =item Where can I get perl-mode for emacs?
1008 =item How can I use curses with Perl?
1010 =item How can I use X or Tk with Perl?
1012 =item How can I make my Perl program run faster?
1014 =item How can I make my Perl program take less memory?
1016 Don't slurp!, Use map and grep selectively, Avoid unnecessary quotes and
1017 stringification, Pass by reference, Tie large variables to disk
1019 =item Is it safe to return a reference to local or lexical data?
1021 =item How can I free an array or hash so my program shrinks?
1023 =item How can I make my CGI script more efficient?
1025 =item How can I hide the source for my Perl program?
1027 =item How can I compile my Perl program into byte code or C?
1029 =item How can I compile Perl into Java?
1031 =item How can I get C<#!perl> to work on [MS-DOS,NT,...]?
1033 =item Can I write useful Perl programs on the command line?
1035 =item Why don't Perl one-liners work on my DOS/Mac/VMS system?
1037 =item Where can I learn about CGI or Web programming in Perl?
1039 =item Where can I learn about object-oriented Perl programming?
1041 =item Where can I learn about linking C with Perl?
1043 =item I've read perlembed, perlguts, etc., but I can't embed perl in my C
1044 program; what am I doing wrong?
1046 =item When I tried to run my script, I got this message. What does it mean?
1048 =item What's MakeMaker?
1054 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1058 =head2 perlfaq4 - Data Manipulation ($Revision: 3606 $)
1068 =item Why am I getting long decimals (eg, 19.9499999999999) instead of the
1069 numbers I should be getting (eg, 19.95)?
1071 =item Why is int() broken?
1073 =item Why isn't my octal data interpreted correctly?
1075 =item Does Perl have a round() function? What about ceil() and floor()?
1078 =item How do I convert between numeric representations/bases/radixes?
1080 How do I convert hexadecimal into decimal, How do I convert from decimal to
1081 hexadecimal, How do I convert from octal to decimal, How do I convert from
1082 decimal to octal, How do I convert from binary to decimal, How do I convert
1083 from decimal to binary
1085 =item Why doesn't & work the way I want it to?
1087 =item How do I multiply matrices?
1089 =item How do I perform an operation on a series of integers?
1091 =item How can I output Roman numerals?
1093 =item Why aren't my random numbers random?
1095 =item How do I get a random number between X and Y?
1103 =item How do I find the day or week of the year?
1105 =item How do I find the current century or millennium?
1107 =item How can I compare two dates and find the difference?
1109 =item How can I take a string and turn it into epoch seconds?
1111 =item How can I find the Julian Day?
1113 =item How do I find yesterday's date?
1115 =item Does Perl have a Year 2000 problem? Is Perl Y2K compliant?
1123 =item How do I validate input?
1125 =item How do I unescape a string?
1127 =item How do I remove consecutive pairs of characters?
1129 =item How do I expand function calls in a string?
1131 =item How do I find matching/nesting anything?
1133 =item How do I reverse a string?
1135 =item How do I expand tabs in a string?
1137 =item How do I reformat a paragraph?
1139 =item How can I access or change N characters of a string?
1141 =item How do I change the Nth occurrence of something?
1143 =item How can I count the number of occurrences of a substring within a
1146 =item How do I capitalize all the words on one line?
1148 =item How can I split a [character] delimited string except when inside
1151 =item How do I strip blank space from the beginning/end of a string?
1153 =item How do I pad a string with blanks or pad a number with zeroes?
1155 =item How do I extract selected columns from a string?
1157 =item How do I find the soundex value of a string?
1159 =item How can I expand variables in text strings?
1161 =item What's wrong with always quoting "$vars"?
1163 =item Why don't my E<lt>E<lt>HERE documents work?
1165 There must be no space after the E<lt>E<lt> part, There (probably) should
1166 be a semicolon at the end, You can't (easily) have any space in front of
1175 =item What is the difference between a list and an array?
1177 =item What is the difference between $array[1] and @array[1]?
1179 =item How can I remove duplicate elements from a list or array?
1181 =item How can I tell whether a certain element is contained in a list or
1184 =item How do I compute the difference of two arrays? How do I compute the
1185 intersection of two arrays?
1187 =item How do I test whether two arrays or hashes are equal?
1189 =item How do I find the first array element for which a condition is true?
1191 =item How do I handle linked lists?
1193 =item How do I handle circular lists?
1195 =item How do I shuffle an array randomly?
1197 =item How do I process/modify each element of an array?
1199 =item How do I select a random element from an array?
1201 =item How do I permute N elements of a list?
1203 =item How do I sort an array by (anything)?
1205 =item How do I manipulate arrays of bits?
1207 =item Why does defined() return true on empty arrays and hashes?
1211 =item Data: Hashes (Associative Arrays)
1215 =item How do I process an entire hash?
1217 =item What happens if I add or remove keys from a hash while iterating over
1220 =item How do I look up a hash element by value?
1222 =item How can I know how many entries are in a hash?
1224 =item How do I sort a hash (optionally by value instead of key)?
1226 =item How can I always keep my hash sorted?
1228 =item What's the difference between "delete" and "undef" with hashes?
1230 =item Why don't my tied hashes make the defined/exists distinction?
1232 =item How do I reset an each() operation part-way through?
1234 =item How can I get the unique keys from two hashes?
1236 =item How can I store a multidimensional array in a DBM file?
1238 =item How can I make my hash remember the order I put elements into it?
1240 =item Why does passing a subroutine an undefined element in a hash create
1243 =item How can I make the Perl equivalent of a C structure/C++ class/hash or
1244 array of hashes or arrays?
1246 =item How can I use a reference as a hash key?
1254 =item How do I handle binary data correctly?
1256 =item How do I determine whether a scalar is a number/whole/integer/float?
1258 =item How do I keep persistent data across program calls?
1260 =item How do I print out or copy a recursive data structure?
1262 =item How do I define methods for every class/object?
1264 =item How do I verify a credit card checksum?
1266 =item How do I pack arrays of doubles or floats for XS code?
1272 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1276 =head2 perlfaq5 - Files and Formats ($Revision: 3606 $)
1284 =item How do I flush/unbuffer an output filehandle? Why must I do this?
1285 X<flush> X<buffer> X<unbuffer> X<autoflush>
1287 =item How do I change one line in a file/delete a line in a file/insert a
1288 line in the middle of a file/append to the beginning of a file?
1291 =item How do I count the number of lines in a file?
1292 X<file, counting lines> X<lines> X<line>
1294 =item How can I use Perl's C<-i> option from within a program?
1297 =item How can I copy a file?
1298 X<copy> X<file, copy>
1300 =item How do I make a temporary file name?
1303 =item How can I manipulate fixed-record-length files?
1304 X<fixed-length> X<file, fixed-length records>
1306 =item How can I make a filehandle local to a subroutine? How do I pass
1307 filehandles between subroutines? How do I make an array of filehandles?
1308 X<filehandle, local> X<filehandle, passing> X<filehandle, reference>
1310 =item How can I use a filehandle indirectly?
1311 X<filehandle, indirect>
1313 =item How can I set up a footer format to be used with write()?
1316 =item How can I write() into a string?
1317 X<write, into a string>
1319 =item How can I output my numbers with commas added?
1322 =item How can I translate tildes (~) in a filename?
1323 X<tilde> X<tilde expansion>
1325 =item How come when I open a file read-write it wipes it out?
1326 X<clobber> X<read-write> X<clobbering> X<truncate> X<truncating>
1328 =item Why do I sometimes get an "Argument list too long" when I use
1330 X<argument list too long>
1332 =item Is there a leak/bug in glob()?
1335 =item How can I open a file with a leading ">" or trailing blanks?
1336 X<filename, special characters>
1338 =item How can I reliably rename a file?
1339 X<rename> X<mv> X<move> X<file, rename> X<ren>
1341 =item How can I lock a file?
1342 X<lock> X<file, lock> X<flock>
1344 =item Why can't I just open(FH, "E<gt>file.lock")?
1345 X<lock, lockfile race condition>
1347 =item I still don't get locking. I just want to increment the number in
1348 the file. How can I do this?
1349 X<counter> X<file, counter>
1351 =item All I want to do is append a small amount of text to the end of a
1352 file. Do I still have to use locking?
1353 X<append> X<file, append>
1355 =item How do I randomly update a binary file?
1356 X<file, binary patch>
1358 =item How do I get a file's timestamp in perl?
1359 X<timestamp> X<file, timestamp>
1361 =item How do I set a file's timestamp in perl?
1362 X<timestamp> X<file, timestamp>
1364 =item How do I print to more than one file at once?
1365 X<print, to multiple files>
1367 =item How can I read in an entire file all at once?
1368 X<slurp> X<file, slurping>
1370 =item How can I read in a file by paragraphs?
1371 X<file, reading by paragraphs>
1373 =item How can I read a single character from a file? From the keyboard?
1374 X<getc> X<file, reading one character at a time>
1376 =item How can I tell whether there's a character waiting on a filehandle?
1378 =item How do I do a C<tail -f> in perl?
1381 =item How do I dup() a filehandle in Perl?
1384 =item How do I close a file descriptor by number?
1385 X<file, closing file descriptors>
1387 =item Why can't I use "C:\temp\foo" in DOS paths? Why doesn't
1388 `C:\temp\foo.exe` work?
1389 X<filename, DOS issues>
1391 =item Why doesn't glob("*.*") get all the files?
1394 =item Why does Perl let me delete read-only files? Why does C<-i> clobber
1395 protected files? Isn't this a bug in Perl?
1397 =item How do I select a random line from a file?
1398 X<file, selecting a random line>
1400 =item Why do I get weird spaces when I print an array of lines?
1406 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1410 =head2 perlfaq6 - Regular Expressions ($Revision: 3606 $)
1418 =item How can I hope to use regular expressions without creating illegible
1419 and unmaintainable code?
1420 X<regex, legibility> X<regexp, legibility>
1421 X<regular expression, legibility> X</x>
1423 Comments Outside the Regex, Comments Inside the Regex, Different Delimiters
1425 =item I'm having trouble matching over more than one line. What's wrong?
1426 X<regex, multiline> X<regexp, multiline> X<regular expression, multiline>
1428 =item How can I pull out lines between two patterns that are themselves on
1432 =item I put a regular expression into $/ but it didn't work. What's wrong?
1433 X<$/, regexes in> X<$INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, regexes in>
1436 =item How do I substitute case insensitively on the LHS while preserving
1438 X<replace, case preserving> X<substitute, case preserving>
1439 X<substitution, case preserving> X<s, case preserving>
1441 =item How can I make C<\w> match national character sets?
1444 =item How can I match a locale-smart version of C</[a-zA-Z]/>?
1447 =item How can I quote a variable to use in a regex?
1448 X<regex, escaping> X<regexp, escaping> X<regular expression, escaping>
1450 =item What is C</o> really for?
1453 =item How do I use a regular expression to strip C style comments from a
1456 =item Can I use Perl regular expressions to match balanced text?
1457 X<regex, matching balanced test> X<regexp, matching balanced test>
1458 X<regular expression, matching balanced test>
1460 =item What does it mean that regexes are greedy? How can I get around it?
1461 X<greedy> X<greediness>
1463 =item How do I process each word on each line?
1466 =item How can I print out a word-frequency or line-frequency summary?
1468 =item How can I do approximate matching?
1469 X<match, approximate> X<matching, approximate>
1471 =item How do I efficiently match many regular expressions at once?
1472 X<regex, efficiency> X<regexp, efficiency>
1473 X<regular expression, efficiency>
1475 =item Why don't word-boundary searches with C<\b> work for me?
1478 =item Why does using $&, $`, or $' slow my program down?
1479 X<$MATCH> X<$&> X<$POSTMATCH> X<$'> X<$PREMATCH> X<$`>
1481 =item What good is C<\G> in a regular expression?
1484 =item Are Perl regexes DFAs or NFAs? Are they POSIX compliant?
1485 X<DFA> X<NFA> X<POSIX>
1487 =item What's wrong with using grep in a void context?
1490 =item How can I match strings with multibyte characters?
1491 X<regex, and multibyte characters> X<regexp, and multibyte characters>
1492 X<regular expression, and multibyte characters>
1494 =item How do I match a pattern that is supplied by the user?
1500 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1504 =head2 perlfaq7 - General Perl Language Issues ($Revision: 3606 $)
1512 =item Can I get a BNF/yacc/RE for the Perl language?
1514 =item What are all these $@%&* punctuation signs, and how do I know when to
1517 =item Do I always/never have to quote my strings or use semicolons and
1520 =item How do I skip some return values?
1522 =item How do I temporarily block warnings?
1524 =item What's an extension?
1526 =item Why do Perl operators have different precedence than C operators?
1528 =item How do I declare/create a structure?
1530 =item How do I create a module?
1532 =item How do I create a class?
1534 =item How can I tell if a variable is tainted?
1536 =item What's a closure?
1538 =item What is variable suicide and how can I prevent it?
1540 =item How can I pass/return a {Function, FileHandle, Array, Hash, Method,
1543 Passing Variables and Functions, Passing Filehandles, Passing Regexes,
1546 =item How do I create a static variable?
1548 =item What's the difference between dynamic and lexical (static) scoping?
1549 Between local() and my()?
1551 =item How can I access a dynamic variable while a similarly named lexical
1554 =item What's the difference between deep and shallow binding?
1556 =item Why doesn't "my($foo) = E<lt>FILEE<gt>;" work right?
1558 =item How do I redefine a builtin function, operator, or method?
1560 =item What's the difference between calling a function as &foo and foo()?
1562 =item How do I create a switch or case statement?
1564 =item How can I catch accesses to undefined variables, functions, or
1567 =item Why can't a method included in this same file be found?
1569 =item How can I find out my current package?
1571 =item How can I comment out a large block of perl code?
1573 =item How do I clear a package?
1575 =item How can I use a variable as a variable name?
1577 =item What does "bad interpreter" mean?
1583 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1587 =head2 perlfaq8 - System Interaction ($Revision: 3606 $)
1595 =item How do I find out which operating system I'm running under?
1597 =item How come exec() doesn't return?
1599 =item How do I do fancy stuff with the keyboard/screen/mouse?
1601 Keyboard, Screen, Mouse
1603 =item How do I print something out in color?
1605 =item How do I read just one key without waiting for a return key?
1607 =item How do I check whether input is ready on the keyboard?
1609 =item How do I clear the screen?
1611 =item How do I get the screen size?
1613 =item How do I ask the user for a password?
1615 =item How do I read and write the serial port?
1617 lockfiles, open mode, end of line, flushing output, non-blocking input
1619 =item How do I decode encrypted password files?
1621 =item How do I start a process in the background?
1623 STDIN, STDOUT, and STDERR are shared, Signals, Zombies
1625 =item How do I trap control characters/signals?
1627 =item How do I modify the shadow password file on a Unix system?
1629 =item How do I set the time and date?
1631 =item How can I sleep() or alarm() for under a second?
1633 =item How can I measure time under a second?
1635 =item How can I do an atexit() or setjmp()/longjmp()? (Exception handling)
1637 =item Why doesn't my sockets program work under System V (Solaris)? What
1638 does the error message "Protocol not supported" mean?
1640 =item How can I call my system's unique C functions from Perl?
1642 =item Where do I get the include files to do ioctl() or syscall()?
1644 =item Why do setuid perl scripts complain about kernel problems?
1646 =item How can I open a pipe both to and from a command?
1648 =item Why can't I get the output of a command with system()?
1650 =item How can I capture STDERR from an external command?
1652 =item Why doesn't open() return an error when a pipe open fails?
1654 =item What's wrong with using backticks in a void context?
1656 =item How can I call backticks without shell processing?
1658 =item Why can't my script read from STDIN after I gave it EOF (^D on Unix,
1661 =item How can I convert my shell script to perl?
1663 =item Can I use perl to run a telnet or ftp session?
1665 =item How can I write expect in Perl?
1667 =item Is there a way to hide perl's command line from programs such as
1670 =item I {changed directory, modified my environment} in a perl script. How
1671 come the change disappeared when I exited the script? How do I get my
1672 changes to be visible?
1676 =item How do I close a process's filehandle without waiting for it to
1679 =item How do I fork a daemon process?
1681 =item How do I find out if I'm running interactively or not?
1683 =item How do I timeout a slow event?
1685 =item How do I set CPU limits?
1687 =item How do I avoid zombies on a Unix system?
1689 =item How do I use an SQL database?
1691 =item How do I make a system() exit on control-C?
1693 =item How do I open a file without blocking?
1695 =item How do I tell the difference between errors from the shell and perl?
1697 =item How do I install a module from CPAN?
1699 =item What's the difference between require and use?
1701 =item How do I keep my own module/library directory?
1703 =item How do I add the directory my program lives in to the module/library
1706 =item How do I add a directory to my include path (@INC) at runtime?
1708 =item What is socket.ph and where do I get it?
1714 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1718 =head2 perlfaq9 - Networking ($Revision: 3606 $)
1726 =item What is the correct form of response from a CGI script?
1728 =item My CGI script runs from the command line but not the browser. (500
1731 =item How can I get better error messages from a CGI program?
1733 =item How do I remove HTML from a string?
1735 =item How do I extract URLs?
1737 =item How do I download a file from the user's machine? How do I open a
1738 file on another machine?
1740 =item How do I make a pop-up menu in HTML?
1742 =item How do I fetch an HTML file?
1744 =item How do I automate an HTML form submission?
1746 =item How do I decode or create those %-encodings on the web?
1748 =item How do I redirect to another page?
1750 =item How do I put a password on my web pages?
1752 =item How do I edit my .htpasswd and .htgroup files with Perl?
1754 =item How do I make sure users can't enter values into a form that cause my
1755 CGI script to do bad things?
1757 =item How do I parse a mail header?
1759 =item How do I decode a CGI form?
1761 =item How do I check a valid mail address?
1763 =item How do I decode a MIME/BASE64 string?
1765 =item How do I return the user's mail address?
1767 =item How do I send mail?
1769 =item How do I use MIME to make an attachment to a mail message?
1771 =item How do I read mail?
1773 =item How do I find out my hostname, domainname, or IP address?
1774 X<hostname, domainname, IP address, host, domain, hostfqdn, inet_ntoa,
1775 gethostbyname, Socket, Net::Domain, Sys::Hostname>
1777 =item How do I fetch a news article or the active newsgroups?
1779 =item How do I fetch/put an FTP file?
1781 =item How can I do RPC in Perl?
1787 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1791 =head2 perlsyn - Perl syntax
1800 X<declaration> X<undef> X<undefined> X<uninitialized>
1805 =item Simple Statements
1806 X<statement> X<semicolon> X<expression> X<;>
1808 =item Truth and Falsehood
1809 X<truth> X<falsehood> X<true> X<false> X<!> X<not> X<negation> X<0>
1811 =item Statement Modifiers
1812 X<statement modifier> X<modifier> X<if> X<unless> X<while>
1813 X<until> X<foreach> X<for>
1815 =item Compound Statements
1816 X<statement, compound> X<block> X<bracket, curly> X<curly bracket> X<brace>
1817 X<{> X<}> X<if> X<unless> X<while> X<until> X<foreach> X<for> X<continue>
1820 X<loop control> X<loop, control> X<next> X<last> X<redo> X<continue>
1831 =item Switch statements
1832 X<switch> X<case> X<given> X<when> X<default>
1839 =item PODs: Embedded Documentation
1840 X<POD> X<documentation>
1842 =item Plain Old Comments (Not!)
1843 X<comment> X<line> X<#> X<preprocessor> X<eval>
1849 =head2 perldata - Perl data types
1857 =item Variable names
1858 X<variable, name> X<variable name> X<data type> X<type>
1861 X<context> X<scalar context> X<list context>
1864 X<scalar> X<number> X<string> X<reference>
1866 =item Scalar value constructors
1867 X<scalar, literal> X<scalar, constant>
1869 =item List value constructors
1875 X<slice> X<array, slice> X<hash, slice>
1877 =item Typeglobs and Filehandles
1878 X<typeglob> X<filehandle> X<*>
1886 =head2 perlop - Perl operators and precedence
1894 =item Operator Precedence and Associativity
1895 X<operator, precedence> X<precedence> X<associativity>
1897 =item Terms and List Operators (Leftward)
1898 X<list operator> X<operator, list> X<term>
1900 =item The Arrow Operator
1901 X<arrow> X<dereference> X<< -> >>
1903 =item Auto-increment and Auto-decrement
1904 X<increment> X<auto-increment> X<++> X<decrement> X<auto-decrement> X<-->
1906 =item Exponentiation
1907 X<**> X<exponentiation> X<power>
1909 =item Symbolic Unary Operators
1910 X<unary operator> X<operator, unary>
1912 =item Binding Operators
1913 X<binding> X<operator, binding> X<=~> X<!~>
1915 =item Multiplicative Operators
1916 X<operator, multiplicative>
1918 =item Additive Operators
1919 X<operator, additive>
1921 =item Shift Operators
1922 X<shift operator> X<operator, shift> X<<< << >>>
1923 X<<< >> >>> X<right shift> X<left shift> X<bitwise shift>
1924 X<shl> X<shr> X<shift, right> X<shift, left>
1926 =item Named Unary Operators
1927 X<operator, named unary>
1929 =item Relational Operators
1930 X<relational operator> X<operator, relational>
1932 =item Equality Operators
1933 X<equality> X<equal> X<equals> X<operator, equality>
1936 X<operator, bitwise, and> X<bitwise and> X<&>
1938 =item Bitwise Or and Exclusive Or
1939 X<operator, bitwise, or> X<bitwise or> X<|> X<operator, bitwise, xor>
1942 =item C-style Logical And
1943 X<&&> X<logical and> X<operator, logical, and>
1945 =item C-style Logical Or
1946 X<||> X<operator, logical, or>
1948 =item C-style Logical Defined-Or
1949 X<//> X<operator, logical, defined-or>
1951 =item Range Operators
1952 X<operator, range> X<range> X<..> X<...>
1954 =item Conditional Operator
1955 X<operator, conditional> X<operator, ternary> X<ternary> X<?:>
1957 =item Assignment Operators
1958 X<assignment> X<operator, assignment> X<=> X<**=> X<+=> X<*=> X<&=>
1959 X<<< <<= >>> X<&&=> X<-=> X</=> X<|=> X<<< >>= >>> X<||=> X<//=> X<.=>
1962 =item Comma Operator
1963 X<comma> X<operator, comma> X<,>
1965 =item List Operators (Rightward)
1966 X<operator, list, rightward> X<list operator>
1969 X<operator, logical, not> X<not>
1972 X<operator, logical, and> X<and>
1974 =item Logical or, Defined or, and Exclusive Or
1975 X<operator, logical, or> X<operator, logical, xor> X<operator, logical,
1977 X<operator, logical, defined or> X<operator, logical, exclusive or>
1980 =item C Operators Missing From Perl
1981 X<operator, missing from perl> X<&> X<*>
1982 X<typecasting> X<(TYPE)>
1984 unary &, unary *, (TYPE)
1986 =item Quote and Quote-like Operators
1987 X<operator, quote> X<operator, quote-like> X<q> X<qq> X<qx> X<qw> X<m>
1988 X<qr> X<s> X<tr> X<'> X<''> X<"> X<""> X<//> X<`> X<``> X<<< << >>>
1989 X<escape sequence> X<escape>
1991 =item Regexp Quote-Like Operators
1994 ?PATTERN? X<?>, m/PATTERN/cgimosx X<m> X<operator, match> X<regexp,
1995 options> X<regexp> X<regex, options> X<regex> X</c> X</i> X</m> X</o>
1996 X</s> X</x>, /PATTERN/cgimosx, q/STRING/ X<q> X<quote, double> X<'> X<''>,
1997 C<'STRING'>, qq/STRING/ X<qq> X<quote, double> X<"> X<"">, "STRING",
1998 qr/STRING/imosx X<qr> X</i> X</m> X</o> X</s> X</x>, qx/STRING/ X<qx> X<`>
1999 X<``> X<backtick>, `STRING`, qw/STRING/ X<qw> X<quote, list> X<quote,
2000 words>, s/PATTERN/REPLACEMENT/egimosx X<substitute> X<substitution>
2001 X<replace> X<regexp, replace> X<regexp, substitute> X</e> X</g> X</i> X</m>
2002 X</o> X</s> X</x>, tr/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds X<tr> X<y>
2003 X<transliterate> X</c> X</d> X</s>, y/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds, <<EOF
2004 X<here-doc> X<heredoc> X<here-document> X<<< << >>>
2006 =item Gory details of parsing quoted constructs
2007 X<quote, gory details>
2009 Finding the end, Removal of backslashes before delimiters, Interpolation
2010 X<interpolation>, C<<<'EOF'>, C<m''>, C<s'''>, C<tr///>, C<y///>, C<''>,
2011 C<q//>, C<"">, C<``>, C<qq//>, C<qx//>, C<< <file*glob> >>, C<?RE?>,
2012 C</RE/>, C<m/RE/>, C<s/RE/foo/>,, Interpolation of regular expressions
2013 X<regexp, interpolation>, Optimization of regular expressions X<regexp,
2017 X<operator, i/o> X<operator, io> X<io> X<while> X<filehandle>
2020 =item Constant Folding
2021 X<constant folding> X<folding>
2026 =item Bitwise String Operators
2027 X<operator, bitwise, string>
2029 =item Integer Arithmetic
2032 =item Floating-point Arithmetic
2033 X<floating-point> X<floating point> X<float> X<real>
2035 =item Bigger Numbers
2036 X<number, arbitrary precision>
2042 =head2 perlsub - Perl subroutines
2052 =item Private Variables via my()
2053 X<my> X<variable, lexical> X<lexical> X<lexical variable> X<scope, lexical>
2054 X<lexical scope> X<attributes, my>
2056 =item Persistent Private Variables
2057 X<static> X<variable, persistent> X<variable, static> X<closure>
2059 =item Temporary Values via local()
2060 X<local> X<scope, dynamic> X<dynamic scope> X<variable, local>
2061 X<variable, temporary>
2063 =item Lvalue subroutines
2064 X<lvalue> X<subroutine, lvalue>
2066 Lvalue subroutines are EXPERIMENTAL
2068 =item Passing Symbol Table Entries (typeglobs)
2071 =item When to Still Use local()
2072 X<local> X<variable, local>
2074 =item Pass by Reference
2075 X<pass by reference> X<pass-by-reference> X<reference>
2078 X<prototype> X<subroutine, prototype>
2080 =item Constant Functions
2083 =item Overriding Built-in Functions
2084 X<built-in> X<override> X<CORE> X<CORE::GLOBAL>
2087 X<autoloading> X<AUTOLOAD>
2089 =item Subroutine Attributes
2090 X<attribute> X<subroutine, attribute> X<attrs>
2098 =head2 perlfunc - Perl builtin functions
2106 =item Perl Functions by Category
2109 Functions for SCALARs or strings X<scalar> X<string> X<character>, Regular
2110 expressions and pattern matching X<regular expression> X<regex> X<regexp>,
2111 Numeric functions X<numeric> X<number> X<trigonometric> X<trigonometry>,
2112 Functions for real @ARRAYs X<array>, Functions for list data X<list>,
2113 Functions for real %HASHes X<hash>, Input and output functions X<I/O>
2114 X<input> X<output> X<dbm>, Functions for fixed length data or records,
2115 Functions for filehandles, files, or directories X<file> X<filehandle>
2116 X<directory> X<pipe> X<link> X<symlink>, Keywords related to the control
2117 flow of your Perl program X<control flow>, Keywords related to switch,
2118 Keywords related to scoping, Miscellaneous functions, Functions for
2119 processes and process groups X<process> X<pid> X<process id>, Keywords
2120 related to perl modules X<module>, Keywords related to classes and
2121 object-orientedness X<object> X<class> X<package>, Low-level socket
2122 functions X<socket> X<sock>, System V interprocess communication functions
2123 X<IPC> X<System V> X<semaphore> X<shared memory> X<memory> X<message>,
2124 Fetching user and group info X<user> X<group> X<password> X<uid> X<gid>
2125 X<passwd> X</etc/passwd>, Fetching network info X<network> X<protocol>
2126 X<host> X<hostname> X<IP> X<address> X<service>, Time-related functions
2127 X<time> X<date>, Functions new in perl5 X<perl5>, Functions obsoleted in
2131 X<portability> X<Unix> X<portable>
2133 =item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions
2136 X<-r>X<-w>X<-x>X<-o>X<-R>X<-W>X<-X>X<-O>X<-e>X<-z>X<-s>X<-f>X<-d>X<-l>X<-p>
2137 X<-S>X<-b>X<-c>X<-t>X<-u>X<-g>X<-k>X<-T>X<-B>X<-M>X<-A>X<-C>, -I<X> EXPR,
2138 -I<X>, abs VALUE X<abs> X<absolute>, abs, accept NEWSOCKET,GENERICSOCKET
2139 X<accept>, alarm SECONDS X<alarm> X<SIGALRM> X<timer>, alarm, atan2 Y,X
2140 X<atan2> X<arctangent> X<tan> X<tangent>, bind SOCKET,NAME X<bind>, binmode
2141 FILEHANDLE, LAYER X<binmode> X<binary> X<text> X<DOS> X<Windows>, binmode
2142 FILEHANDLE, bless REF,CLASSNAME X<bless>, bless REF, break, caller EXPR
2143 X<caller> X<call stack> X<stack> X<stack trace>, caller, chdir EXPR
2144 X<chdir> X<cd>, chdir FILEHANDLE, chdir DIRHANDLE, chdir, chmod LIST
2145 X<chmod> X<permission> X<mode>, chomp VARIABLE X<chomp>
2146 X<INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR> X<$/> X<newline> X<eol>, chomp( LIST ), chomp,
2147 chop VARIABLE X<chop>, chop( LIST ), chop, chown LIST X<chown> X<owner>
2148 X<user> X<group>, chr NUMBER X<chr> X<character> X<ASCII> X<Unicode>, chr,
2149 chroot FILENAME X<chroot> X<root>, chroot, close FILEHANDLE X<close>,
2150 close, closedir DIRHANDLE X<closedir>, connect SOCKET,NAME X<connect>,
2151 continue BLOCK X<continue>, continue, cos EXPR X<cos> X<cosine> X<acos>
2152 X<arccosine>, cos, crypt PLAINTEXT,SALT X<crypt> X<digest> X<hash> X<salt>
2153 X<plaintext> X<password> X<decrypt> X<cryptography> X<passwd>, dbmclose
2154 HASH X<dbmclose>, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MASK X<dbmopen> X<dbm> X<ndbm>
2155 X<sdbm> X<gdbm>, defined EXPR X<defined> X<undef> X<undefined>, defined,
2156 delete EXPR X<delete>, die LIST X<die> X<throw> X<exception> X<raise> X<$@>
2157 X<abort>, do BLOCK X<do> X<block>, do SUBROUTINE(LIST) X<do>, do EXPR
2158 X<do>, dump LABEL X<dump> X<core> X<undump>, dump, each HASH X<each>
2159 X<hash, iterator>, eof FILEHANDLE X<eof> X<end of file> X<end-of-file>, eof
2160 (), eof, eval EXPR X<eval> X<try> X<catch> X<evaluate> X<parse> X<execute>,
2161 eval BLOCK, eval, exec LIST X<exec> X<execute>, exec PROGRAM LIST, exists
2162 EXPR X<exists> X<autovivification>, exit EXPR X<exit> X<terminate>
2163 X<abort>, exit, exp EXPR X<exp> X<exponential> X<antilog> X<antilogarithm>
2164 X<e>, exp, fcntl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR X<fcntl>, fileno FILEHANDLE
2165 X<fileno>, flock FILEHANDLE,OPERATION X<flock> X<lock> X<locking>, fork
2166 X<fork> X<child> X<parent>, format X<format>, formline PICTURE,LIST
2167 X<formline>, getc FILEHANDLE X<getc> X<getchar>, getc, getlogin X<getlogin>
2168 X<login>, getpeername SOCKET X<getpeername> X<peer>, getpgrp PID X<getpgrp>
2169 X<group>, getppid X<getppid> X<parent> X<pid>, getpriority WHICH,WHO
2170 X<getpriority> X<priority> X<nice>, getpwnam NAME X<getpwnam> X<getgrnam>
2171 X<gethostbyname> X<getnetbyname> X<getprotobyname> X<getpwuid> X<getgrgid>
2172 X<getservbyname> X<gethostbyaddr> X<getnetbyaddr> X<getprotobynumber>
2173 X<getservbyport> X<getpwent> X<getgrent> X<gethostent> X<getnetent>
2174 X<getprotoent> X<getservent> X<setpwent> X<setgrent> X<sethostent>
2175 X<setnetent> X<setprotoent> X<setservent> X<endpwent> X<endgrent>
2176 X<endhostent> X<endnetent> X<endprotoent> X<endservent>, getgrnam NAME,
2177 gethostbyname NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getprotobyname NAME, getpwuid UID,
2178 getgrgid GID, getservbyname NAME,PROTO, gethostbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE,
2179 getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER, getservbyport
2180 PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent, gethostent, getnetent, getprotoent,
2181 getservent, setpwent, setgrent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent STAYOPEN,
2182 setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent, endhostent,
2183 endnetent, endprotoent, endservent, getsockname SOCKET X<getsockname>,
2184 getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME X<getsockopt>, glob EXPR X<glob>
2185 X<wildcard> X<filename, expansion> X<expand>, glob, gmtime EXPR X<gmtime>
2186 X<UTC> X<Greenwich>, gmtime, goto LABEL X<goto> X<jump> X<jmp>, goto EXPR,
2187 goto &NAME, grep BLOCK LIST X<grep>, grep EXPR,LIST, hex EXPR X<hex>
2188 X<hexadecimal>, hex, import LIST X<import>, index STR,SUBSTR,POSITION
2189 X<index> X<indexOf> X<InStr>, index STR,SUBSTR, int EXPR X<int> X<integer>
2190 X<truncate> X<trunc>, int, ioctl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR X<ioctl>, join
2191 EXPR,LIST X<join>, keys HASH X<keys> X<key>, kill SIGNAL, LIST X<kill>
2192 X<signal>, last LABEL X<last> X<break>, last, lc EXPR X<lc> X<lowercase>,
2193 lc, lcfirst EXPR X<lcfirst> X<lowercase>, lcfirst, length EXPR X<length>
2194 X<size>, length, link OLDFILE,NEWFILE X<link>, listen SOCKET,QUEUESIZE
2195 X<listen>, local EXPR X<local>, localtime EXPR X<localtime>, localtime,
2196 lock THING X<lock>, log EXPR X<log> X<logarithm> X<e> X<ln> X<base>, log,
2197 lstat EXPR X<lstat>, lstat, m//, map BLOCK LIST X<map>, map EXPR,LIST,
2198 mkdir FILENAME,MASK X<mkdir> X<md> X<directory, create>, mkdir FILENAME,
2199 mkdir, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG X<msgctl>, msgget KEY,FLAGS X<msgget>, msgrcv
2200 ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS X<msgrcv>, msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS X<msgsnd>, my EXPR
2201 X<my>, my TYPE EXPR, my EXPR : ATTRS, my TYPE EXPR : ATTRS, next LABEL
2202 X<next> X<continue>, next, no Module VERSION LIST X<no>, no Module VERSION,
2203 no Module LIST, no Module, oct EXPR X<oct> X<octal> X<hex> X<hexadecimal>
2204 X<binary> X<bin>, oct, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR X<open> X<pipe> X<file, open>
2205 X<fopen>, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR,LIST, open
2206 FILEHANDLE,MODE,REFERENCE, open FILEHANDLE, opendir DIRHANDLE,EXPR
2207 X<opendir>, ord EXPR X<ord> X<encoding>, ord, our EXPR X<our> X<global>,
2208 our EXPR TYPE, our EXPR : ATTRS, our TYPE EXPR : ATTRS, pack TEMPLATE,LIST
2209 X<pack>, package NAMESPACE X<package> X<module> X<namespace>, package, pipe
2210 READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE X<pipe>, pop ARRAY X<pop> X<stack>, pop, pos SCALAR
2211 X<pos> X<match, position>, pos, print FILEHANDLE LIST X<print>, print LIST,
2212 print, printf FILEHANDLE FORMAT, LIST X<printf>, printf FORMAT, LIST,
2213 prototype FUNCTION X<prototype>, push ARRAY,LIST X<push>, X<stack>,
2214 q/STRING/, qq/STRING/, qr/STRING/, qx/STRING/, qw/STRING/, quotemeta EXPR
2215 X<quotemeta> X<metacharacter>, quotemeta, rand EXPR X<rand> X<random>,
2216 rand, read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET X<read>, read
2217 FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, readdir DIRHANDLE X<readdir>, readline EXPR
2218 X<readline> X<gets> X<fgets>, readlink EXPR X<readlink>, readlink, readpipe
2219 EXPR X<readpipe>, recv SOCKET,SCALAR,LENGTH,FLAGS X<recv>, redo LABEL
2220 X<redo>, redo, ref EXPR X<ref> X<reference>, ref, rename OLDNAME,NEWNAME
2221 X<rename> X<move> X<mv> X<ren>, require VERSION X<require>, require EXPR,
2222 require, reset EXPR X<reset>, reset, return EXPR X<return>, return, reverse
2223 LIST X<reverse> X<rev> X<invert>, rewinddir DIRHANDLE X<rewinddir>, rindex
2224 STR,SUBSTR,POSITION X<rindex>, rindex STR,SUBSTR, rmdir FILENAME X<rmdir>
2225 X<rd> X<directory, remove>, rmdir, s///, say FILEHANDLE LIST X<say>, say
2226 LIST, say, scalar EXPR X<scalar> X<context>, seek
2227 FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE X<seek> X<fseek> X<filehandle, position>,
2228 seekdir DIRHANDLE,POS X<seekdir>, select FILEHANDLE X<select> X<filehandle,
2229 default>, select, select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT X<select>, semctl
2230 ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG X<semctl>, semget KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS X<semget>, semop
2231 KEY,OPSTRING X<semop>, send SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS,TO X<send>, send
2232 SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS, setpgrp PID,PGRP X<setpgrp> X<group>, setpriority
2233 WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY X<setpriority> X<priority> X<nice> X<renice>, setsockopt
2234 SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL X<setsockopt>, shift ARRAY X<shift>, shift,
2235 shmctl ID,CMD,ARG X<shmctl>, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS X<shmget>, shmread
2236 ID,VAR,POS,SIZE X<shmread> X<shmwrite>, shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE,
2237 shutdown SOCKET,HOW X<shutdown>, sin EXPR X<sin> X<sine> X<asin>
2238 X<arcsine>, sin, sleep EXPR X<sleep> X<pause>, sleep, socket
2239 SOCKET,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL X<socket>, socketpair
2240 SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL X<socketpair>, sort SUBNAME LIST
2241 X<sort> X<qsort> X<quicksort> X<mergesort>, sort BLOCK LIST, sort LIST,
2242 splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,LIST X<splice>, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,
2243 splice ARRAY,OFFSET, splice ARRAY, split /PATTERN/,EXPR,LIMIT X<split>,
2244 split /PATTERN/,EXPR, split /PATTERN/, split, sprintf FORMAT, LIST
2245 X<sprintf>, format parameter index, flags, vector flag, (minimum) width,
2246 precision, or maximum width X<precision>, size, order of arguments, sqrt
2247 EXPR X<sqrt> X<root> X<square root>, sqrt, srand EXPR X<srand> X<seed>
2248 X<randseed>, srand, stat FILEHANDLE X<stat> X<file, status>, stat EXPR,
2249 stat, study SCALAR X<study>, study, sub NAME BLOCK X<sub>, sub NAME (PROTO)
2250 BLOCK, sub NAME : ATTRS BLOCK, sub NAME (PROTO) : ATTRS BLOCK, substr
2251 EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH,REPLACEMENT X<substr> X<substring> X<mid> X<left>
2252 X<right>, substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH, substr EXPR,OFFSET, symlink
2253 OLDFILE,NEWFILE X<symlink> X<link> X<symbolic link> X<link, symbolic>,
2254 syscall NUMBER, LIST X<syscall> X<system call>, sysopen
2255 FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE X<sysopen>, sysopen
2256 FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, sysread FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET
2257 X<sysread>, sysread FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, sysseek
2258 FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE X<sysseek> X<lseek>, system LIST X<system>
2259 X<shell>, system PROGRAM LIST, syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET
2260 X<syswrite>, syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,
2261 tell FILEHANDLE X<tell>, tell, telldir DIRHANDLE X<telldir>, tie
2262 VARIABLE,CLASSNAME,LIST X<tie>, tied VARIABLE X<tied>, time X<time>
2263 X<epoch>, times X<times>, tr///, truncate FILEHANDLE,LENGTH X<truncate>,
2264 truncate EXPR,LENGTH, uc EXPR X<uc> X<uppercase> X<toupper>, uc, ucfirst
2265 EXPR X<ucfirst> X<uppercase>, ucfirst, umask EXPR X<umask>, umask, undef
2266 EXPR X<undef> X<undefine>, undef, unlink LIST X<unlink> X<delete> X<remove>
2267 X<rm>, unlink, unpack TEMPLATE,EXPR X<unpack>, unpack TEMPLATE, untie
2268 VARIABLE X<untie>, unshift ARRAY,LIST X<unshift>, use Module VERSION LIST
2269 X<use> X<module> X<import>, use Module VERSION, use Module LIST, use
2270 Module, use VERSION, utime LIST X<utime>, values HASH X<values>, vec
2271 EXPR,OFFSET,BITS X<vec> X<bit> X<bit vector>, wait X<wait>, waitpid
2272 PID,FLAGS X<waitpid>, wantarray X<wantarray> X<context>, warn LIST X<warn>
2273 X<warning> X<STDERR>, write FILEHANDLE X<write>, write EXPR, write, y///
2279 =head2 perlopentut - tutorial on opening things in Perl
2285 =item Open E<agrave> la shell
2291 =item Indirect Filehandles
2295 =item The Minus File
2297 =item Mixing Reads and Writes
2303 =item Open E<agrave> la C
2307 =item Permissions E<agrave> la mode
2311 =item Obscure Open Tricks
2315 =item Re-Opening Files (dups)
2317 =item Dispelling the Dweomer
2319 =item Paths as Opens
2321 =item Single Argument Open
2323 =item Playing with STDIN and STDOUT
2327 =item Other I/O Issues
2331 =item Opening Non-File Files
2333 =item Opening Named Pipes
2335 =item Opening Sockets
2347 =item AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT
2353 =head2 perlpacktut - tutorial on C<pack> and C<unpack>
2359 =item The Basic Principle
2363 =item Packing Numbers
2369 =item Unpacking a Stack Frame
2371 =item How to Eat an Egg on a Net
2373 =item Byte-order modifiers
2375 =item Floating point Numbers
2379 =item Exotic Templates
2391 =item Another Portable Binary Encoding
2395 =item Template Grouping
2397 =item Lengths and Widths
2401 =item String Lengths
2403 =item Dynamic Templates
2405 =item Counting Repetitions
2409 =item Packing and Unpacking C Structures
2413 =item The Alignment Pit
2415 =item Dealing with Endian-ness
2417 =item Alignment, Take 2
2419 =item Alignment, Take 3
2421 =item Pointers for How to Use Them
2427 =item Funnies Section
2433 =head2 perlpod - the Plain Old Documentation format
2441 =item Ordinary Paragraph
2442 X<POD, ordinary paragraph>
2444 =item Verbatim Paragraph
2445 X<POD, verbatim paragraph> X<verbatim>
2447 =item Command Paragraph
2450 C<=head1 I<Heading Text>> X<=head1> X<=head2> X<=head3> X<=head4> X<head1>
2451 X<head2> X<head3> X<head4>, C<=head2 I<Heading Text>>, C<=head3 I<Heading
2452 Text>>, C<=head4 I<Heading Text>>, C<=over I<indentlevel>> X<=over>
2453 X<=item> X<=back> X<over> X<item> X<back>, C<=item I<stuff...>>, C<=back>,
2454 C<=cut> X<=cut> X<cut>, C<=pod> X<=pod> X<pod>, C<=begin I<formatname>>
2455 X<=begin> X<=end> X<=for> X<begin> X<end> X<for>, C<=end I<formatname>>,
2456 C<=for I<formatname> I<text...>>, C<=encoding I<encodingname>> X<=encoding>
2459 =item Formatting Codes
2460 X<POD, formatting code> X<formatting code>
2461 X<POD, interior sequence> X<interior sequence>
2463 C<IE<lt>textE<gt>> -- italic text X<I> X<< IZ<><> >> X<POD, formatting
2464 code, italic> X<italic>, C<BE<lt>textE<gt>> -- bold text X<B> X<< BZ<><> >>
2465 X<POD, formatting code, bold> X<bold>, C<CE<lt>codeE<gt>> -- code text X<C>
2466 X<< CZ<><> >> X<POD, formatting code, code> X<code>, C<LE<lt>nameE<gt>> --
2467 a hyperlink X<L> X<< LZ<><> >> X<POD, formatting code, hyperlink>
2468 X<hyperlink>, C<EE<lt>escapeE<gt>> -- a character escape X<E> X<< EZ<><> >>
2469 X<POD, formatting code, escape> X<escape>, C<FE<lt>filenameE<gt>> -- used
2470 for filenames X<F> X<< FZ<><> >> X<POD, formatting code, filename>
2471 X<filename>, C<SE<lt>textE<gt>> -- text contains non-breaking spaces X<S>
2472 X<< SZ<><> >> X<POD, formatting code, non-breaking space> X<non-breaking
2473 space>, C<XE<lt>topic nameE<gt>> -- an index entry X<X> X<< XZ<><> >>
2474 X<POD, formatting code, index entry> X<index entry>, C<ZE<lt>E<gt>> -- a
2475 null (zero-effect) formatting code X<Z> X<< ZZ<><> >> X<POD, formatting
2481 =item Embedding Pods in Perl Modules
2484 =item Hints for Writing Pod
2486 X<podchecker> X<POD, validating>
2496 =head2 perlpodspec - Plain Old Documentation: format specification and
2503 =item Pod Definitions
2507 "=head1", "=head2", "=head3", "=head4", "=pod", "=cut", "=over", "=item",
2508 "=back", "=begin formatname", "=end formatname", "=for formatname text...",
2509 "=encoding encodingname"
2511 =item Pod Formatting Codes
2513 C<IE<lt>textE<gt>> -- italic text, C<BE<lt>textE<gt>> -- bold text,
2514 C<CE<lt>codeE<gt>> -- code text, C<FE<lt>filenameE<gt>> -- style for
2515 filenames, C<XE<lt>topic nameE<gt>> -- an index entry, C<ZE<lt>E<gt>> -- a
2516 null (zero-effect) formatting code, C<LE<lt>nameE<gt>> -- a hyperlink,
2517 C<EE<lt>escapeE<gt>> -- a character escape, C<SE<lt>textE<gt>> -- text
2518 contains non-breaking spaces
2520 =item Notes on Implementing Pod Processors
2522 =item About LE<lt>...E<gt> Codes
2524 First:, Second:, Third:, Fourth:, Fifth:, Sixth:
2526 =item About =over...=back Regions
2528 =item About Data Paragraphs and "=begin/=end" Regions
2536 =head2 perlrun - how to execute the Perl interpreter
2546 =item #! and quoting on non-Unix systems
2549 OS/2, MS-DOS, Win95/NT, Macintosh, VMS
2551 =item Location of Perl
2552 X<perl, location of interpreter>
2554 =item Command Switches
2555 X<perl, command switches> X<command switches>
2557 B<-0>[I<octal/hexadecimal>] X<-0> X<$/>, B<-A[I<module>][=I<assertions>]>
2558 X<-A>, B<-a> X<-a> X<autosplit>, B<-C [I<number/list>]> X<-C>, B<-c> X<-c>,
2559 B<-d> X<-d> X<-dt>, B<-dt>, B<-d:>I<foo[=bar,baz]> X<-d> X<-dt>,
2560 B<-dt:>I<foo[=bar,baz]>, B<-D>I<letters> X<-D> X<DEBUGGING> X<-DDEBUGGING>,
2561 B<-D>I<number>, B<-e> I<commandline> X<-e>, B<-E> I<commandline> X<-E>,
2562 B<-f> X<-f>, B<-F>I<pattern> X<-F>, B<-h> X<-h>, B<-i>[I<extension>] X<-i>
2563 X<in-place>, B<-I>I<directory> X<-I> X<@INC>, B<-l>[I<octnum>] X<-l> X<$/>
2564 X<$\>, B<-m>[B<->]I<module> X<-m> X<-M>, B<-M>[B<->]I<module>,
2565 B<-M>[B<->]I<'module ...'>, B<-[mM]>[B<->]I<module=arg[,arg]...>, B<-n>
2566 X<-n>, B<-p> X<-p>, B<-P> X<-P>, B<-s> X<-s>, B<-S> X<-S>, B<-t> X<-t>,
2567 B<-T> X<-T>, B<-u> X<-u>, B<-U> X<-U>, B<-v> X<-v>, B<-V> X<-V>,
2568 B<-V:>I<configvar>, B<-w> X<-w>, B<-W> X<-W>, B<-X> X<-X>, B<-x> X<-x>,
2574 X<perl, environment variables>
2576 HOME X<HOME>, LOGDIR X<LOGDIR>, PATH X<PATH>, PERL5LIB X<PERL5LIB>,
2577 PERL5OPT X<PERL5OPT>, PERLIO X<PERLIO>, :bytes X<:bytes>, :crlf X<:crlf>,
2578 :mmap X<:mmap>, :perlio X<:perlio>, :pop X<:pop>, :raw X<:raw>, :stdio
2579 X<:stdio>, :unix X<:unix>, :utf8 X<:utf8>, :win32 X<:win32>, PERLIO_DEBUG
2580 X<PERLIO_DEBUG>, PERLLIB X<PERLLIB>, PERL5DB X<PERL5DB>, PERL5DB_THREADED
2581 X<PERL5DB_THREADED>, PERL5SHELL (specific to the Win32 port) X<PERL5SHELL>,
2582 PERL_ALLOW_NON_IFS_LSP (specific to the Win32 port)
2583 X<PERL_ALLOW_NON_IFS_LSP>, PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS X<PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS>,
2584 PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL X<PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL>, PERL_DL_NONLAZY
2585 X<PERL_DL_NONLAZY>, PERL_ENCODING X<PERL_ENCODING>, PERL_HASH_SEED
2586 X<PERL_HASH_SEED>, PERL_HASH_SEED_DEBUG X<PERL_HASH_SEED_DEBUG>, PERL_ROOT
2587 (specific to the VMS port) X<PERL_ROOT>, PERL_SIGNALS X<PERL_SIGNALS>,
2588 PERL_UNICODE X<PERL_UNICODE>, SYS$LOGIN (specific to the VMS port)
2593 =head2 perldiag - various Perl diagnostics
2601 =head2 perllexwarn - Perl Lexical Warnings
2609 =item Default Warnings and Optional Warnings
2611 =item What's wrong with B<-w> and C<$^W>
2613 =item Controlling Warnings from the Command Line
2615 B<-w> X<-w>, B<-W> X<-W>, B<-X> X<-X>
2617 =item Backward Compatibility
2619 =item Category Hierarchy
2620 X<warning, categories>
2622 =item Fatal Warnings
2625 =item Reporting Warnings from a Module
2626 X<warning, reporting> X<warning, registering>
2638 =head2 perldebug - Perl debugging
2644 =item The Perl Debugger
2648 =item Debugger Commands
2650 h X<debugger command, h>, h [command], h h, p expr X<debugger command, p>,
2651 x [maxdepth] expr X<debugger command, x>, V [pkg [vars]] X<debugger
2652 command, V>, X [vars] X<debugger command, X>, y [level [vars]] X<debugger
2653 command, y>, T X<debugger command, T> X<backtrace> X<stack, backtrace>, s
2654 [expr] X<debugger command, s> X<step>, n [expr] X<debugger command, n>, r
2655 X<debugger command, r>, <CR>, c [line|sub] X<debugger command, c>, l
2656 X<debugger command, l>, l min+incr, l min-max, l line, l subname, -
2657 X<debugger command, ->, v [line] X<debugger command, v>, . X<debugger
2658 command, .>, f filename X<debugger command, f>, /pattern/, ?pattern?, L
2659 [abw] X<debugger command, L>, S [[!]regex] X<debugger command, S>, t
2660 X<debugger command, t>, t expr X<debugger command, t>, b X<breakpoint>
2661 X<debugger command, b>, b [line] [condition] X<breakpoint> X<debugger
2662 command, b>, b subname [condition] X<breakpoint> X<debugger command, b>, b
2663 postpone subname [condition] X<breakpoint> X<debugger command, b>, b load
2664 filename X<breakpoint> X<debugger command, b>, b compile subname
2665 X<breakpoint> X<debugger command, b>, B line X<breakpoint> X<debugger
2666 command, B>, B * X<breakpoint> X<debugger command, B>, a [line] command
2667 X<debugger command, a>, A line X<debugger command, A>, A * X<debugger
2668 command, A>, w expr X<debugger command, w>, W expr X<debugger command, W>,
2669 W * X<debugger command, W>, o X<debugger command, o>, o booloption ...
2670 X<debugger command, o>, o anyoption? ... X<debugger command, o>, o
2671 option=value ... X<debugger command, o>, < ? X<< debugger command, < >>, <
2672 [ command ] X<< debugger command, < >>, < * X<< debugger command, < >>, <<
2673 command X<< debugger command, << >>, > ? X<< debugger command, > >>, >
2674 command X<< debugger command, > >>, > * X<< debugger command, > >>, >>
2675 command X<<< debugger command, >> >>>, { ? X<debugger command, {>, { [
2676 command ], { * X<debugger command, {>, {{ command X<debugger command, {{>,
2677 ! number X<debugger command, !>, ! -number X<debugger command, !>, !
2678 pattern X<debugger command, !>, !! cmd X<debugger command, !!>, source file
2679 X<debugger command, source>, H -number X<debugger command, H>, q or ^D
2680 X<debugger command, q> X<debugger command, ^D>, R X<debugger command, R>,
2681 |dbcmd X<debugger command, |>, ||dbcmd X<debugger command, ||>, command, m
2682 expr X<debugger command, m>, M X<debugger command, M>, man [manpage]
2683 X<debugger command, man>
2685 =item Configurable Options
2687 C<recallCommand>, C<ShellBang> X<debugger option, recallCommand> X<debugger
2688 option, ShellBang>, C<pager> X<debugger option, pager>, C<tkRunning>
2689 X<debugger option, tkRunning>, C<signalLevel>, C<warnLevel>, C<dieLevel>
2690 X<debugger option, signalLevel> X<debugger option, warnLevel> X<debugger
2691 option, dieLevel>, C<AutoTrace> X<debugger option, AutoTrace>, C<LineInfo>
2692 X<debugger option, LineInfo>, C<inhibit_exit> X<debugger option,
2693 inhibit_exit>, C<PrintRet> X<debugger option, PrintRet>, C<ornaments>
2694 X<debugger option, ornaments>, C<frame> X<debugger option, frame>,
2695 C<maxTraceLen> X<debugger option, maxTraceLen>, C<windowSize> X<debugger
2696 option, windowSize>, C<arrayDepth>, C<hashDepth> X<debugger option,
2697 arrayDepth> X<debugger option, hashDepth>, C<dumpDepth> X<debugger option,
2698 dumpDepth>, C<compactDump>, C<veryCompact> X<debugger option, compactDump>
2699 X<debugger option, veryCompact>, C<globPrint> X<debugger option,
2700 globPrint>, C<DumpDBFiles> X<debugger option, DumpDBFiles>, C<DumpPackages>
2701 X<debugger option, DumpPackages>, C<DumpReused> X<debugger option,
2702 DumpReused>, C<quote>, C<HighBit>, C<undefPrint> X<debugger option, quote>
2703 X<debugger option, HighBit> X<debugger option, undefPrint>, C<UsageOnly>
2704 X<debugger option, UsageOnly>, C<TTY> X<debugger option, TTY>, C<noTTY>
2705 X<debugger option, noTTY>, C<ReadLine> X<debugger option, ReadLine>,
2706 C<NonStop> X<debugger option, NonStop>
2708 =item Debugger input/output
2710 Prompt, Multiline commands, Stack backtrace X<backtrace> X<stack,
2711 backtrace>, Line Listing Format, Frame listing
2713 =item Debugging compile-time statements
2715 =item Debugger Customization
2717 =item Readline Support
2719 =item Editor Support for Debugging
2721 =item The Perl Profiler
2722 X<profile> X<profiling> X<profiler>
2726 =item Debugging regular expressions
2727 X<regular expression, debugging>
2728 X<regex, debugging> X<regexp, debugging>
2730 =item Debugging memory usage
2739 =head2 perlvar - Perl predefined variables
2747 =item Predefined Names
2749 $ARG, $_, $a, $b, $<I<digits>>, $MATCH, $&, $PREMATCH, $`, $POSTMATCH, $',
2750 $LAST_PAREN_MATCH, $+, $^N, @LAST_MATCH_END, @+,
2751 HANDLE->input_line_number(EXPR), $INPUT_LINE_NUMBER, $NR, $,
2752 IO::Handle->input_record_separator(EXPR), $INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $RS, $/,
2753 HANDLE->autoflush(EXPR), $OUTPUT_AUTOFLUSH, $|,
2754 IO::Handle->output_field_separator EXPR, $OUTPUT_FIELD_SEPARATOR, $OFS, $,,
2755 IO::Handle->output_record_separator EXPR, $OUTPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $ORS,
2756 $\, $LIST_SEPARATOR, $", $SUBSCRIPT_SEPARATOR, $SUBSEP, $;,
2757 HANDLE->format_page_number(EXPR), $FORMAT_PAGE_NUMBER, $%,
2758 HANDLE->format_lines_per_page(EXPR), $FORMAT_LINES_PER_PAGE, $=,
2759 HANDLE->format_lines_left(EXPR), $FORMAT_LINES_LEFT, $-, @LAST_MATCH_START,
2760 @-, C<$`> is the same as C<substr($var, 0, $-[0])>, C<$&> is the same as
2761 C<substr($var, $-[0], $+[0] - $-[0])>, C<$'> is the same as C<substr($var,
2762 $+[0])>, C<$1> is the same as C<substr($var, $-[1], $+[1] - $-[1])>, C<$2>
2763 is the same as C<substr($var, $-[2], $+[2] - $-[2])>, C<$3> is the same as
2764 C<substr($var, $-[3], $+[3] - $-[3])>, HANDLE->format_name(EXPR),
2765 $FORMAT_NAME, $~, HANDLE->format_top_name(EXPR), $FORMAT_TOP_NAME, $^,
2766 IO::Handle->format_line_break_characters EXPR,
2767 $FORMAT_LINE_BREAK_CHARACTERS, $:, IO::Handle->format_formfeed EXPR,
2768 $FORMAT_FORMFEED, $^L, $ACCUMULATOR, $^A, $CHILD_ERROR, $?,
2769 ${^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE}, ${^ENCODING}, $OS_ERROR, $ERRNO, $!, %!,
2770 $EXTENDED_OS_ERROR, $^E, $EVAL_ERROR, $@, $PROCESS_ID, $PID, $$,
2771 $REAL_USER_ID, $UID, $<, $EFFECTIVE_USER_ID, $EUID, $>, $REAL_GROUP_ID,
2772 $GID, $(, $EFFECTIVE_GROUP_ID, $EGID, $), $PROGRAM_NAME, $0, $[, $],
2773 $COMPILING, $^C, $DEBUGGING, $^D, ${^RE_DEBUG_FLAGS}, ${^RE_TRIE_MAXBUF},
2774 $SYSTEM_FD_MAX, $^F, $^H, %^H, $INPLACE_EDIT, $^I, $^M, $OSNAME, $^O,
2775 ${^OPEN}, $PERLDB, $^P, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80,
2776 0x100, 0x200, 0x400, $LAST_REGEXP_CODE_RESULT, $^R,
2777 $EXCEPTIONS_BEING_CAUGHT, $^S, $BASETIME, $^T, ${^TAINT}, ${^UNICODE},
2778 ${^UTF8CACHE}, ${^UTF8LOCALE}, $PERL_VERSION, $^V, $WARNING, $^W,
2779 ${^WARNING_BITS}, ${^WIN32_SLOPPY_STAT}, $EXECUTABLE_NAME, $^X, ARGV,
2780 $ARGV, @ARGV, ARGVOUT, @F, @INC, @_, %INC, %ENV, $ENV{expr}, %SIG,
2783 =item Error Indicators
2785 =item Technical Note on the Syntax of Variable Names
2793 =head2 perlre - Perl regular expressions
2799 i X</i> X<regex, case-insensitive> X<regexp, case-insensitive> X<regular
2800 expression, case-insensitive>, m X</m> X<regex, multiline> X<regexp,
2801 multiline> X<regular expression, multiline>, s X</s> X<regex, single-line>
2802 X<regexp, single-line> X<regular expression, single-line>, x X</x>
2806 =item Regular Expressions
2808 [1], [2], [3], cntrl X<cntrl>, graph X<graph>, print X<print>, punct
2809 X<punct>, xdigit X<xdigit>
2811 =item Extended Patterns
2813 C<(?#text)> X<(?#)>, C<(?imsx-imsx)> X<(?)>, C<(?:pattern)> X<(?:)>,
2814 C<(?imsx-imsx:pattern)>, C<(?=pattern)> X<(?=)> X<look-ahead, positive>
2815 X<lookahead, positive>, C<(?!pattern)> X<(?!)> X<look-ahead, negative>
2816 X<lookahead, negative>, C<(?<=pattern)> X<(?<=)> X<look-behind, positive>
2817 X<lookbehind, positive>, C<(?<!pattern)> X<(?<!)> X<look-behind, negative>
2818 X<lookbehind, negative>, C<(?{ code })> X<(?{})> X<regex, code in>
2819 X<regexp, code in> X<regular expression, code in>, C<(??{ code })>
2820 X<(??{})> X<regex, postponed> X<regexp, postponed> X<regular expression,
2821 postponed> X<regex, recursive> X<regexp, recursive> X<regular expression,
2822 recursive>, C<< (?>pattern) >> X<backtrack> X<backtracking>,
2823 C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)> X<(?()>,
2824 C<(?(condition)yes-pattern)>
2827 X<backtrack> X<backtracking>
2829 =item Version 8 Regular Expressions
2830 X<regular expression, version 8> X<regex, version 8> X<regexp, version 8>
2832 =item Warning on \1 vs $1
2834 =item Repeated patterns matching zero-length substring
2836 =item Combining pieces together
2838 C<ST>, C<S|T>, C<S{REPEAT_COUNT}>, C<S{min,max}>, C<S{min,max}?>, C<S?>,
2839 C<S*>, C<S+>, C<S??>, C<S*?>, C<S+?>, C<< (?>S) >>, C<(?=S)>, C<(?<=S)>,
2840 C<(?!S)>, C<(?<!S)>, C<(??{ EXPR })>,
2841 C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)>
2843 =item Creating custom RE engines
2853 =head2 perlreref - Perl Regular Expressions Reference
2865 =item ESCAPE SEQUENCES
2867 =item CHARACTER CLASSES
2873 =item EXTENDED CONSTRUCTS
2891 =head2 perlref - Perl references and nested data structures
2901 =item Making References
2902 X<reference, creation> X<referencing>
2904 1. X<\> X<backslash>, 2. X<array, anonymous> X<[> X<[]> X<square bracket>
2905 X<bracket, square> X<arrayref> X<array reference> X<reference, array>, 3.
2906 X<hash, anonymous> X<{> X<{}> X<curly bracket> X<bracket, curly> X<brace>
2907 X<hashref> X<hash reference> X<reference, hash>, 4. X<subroutine,
2908 anonymous> X<subroutine, reference> X<reference, subroutine> X<scope,
2909 lexical> X<closure> X<lexical> X<lexical scope>, 5. X<constructor> X<new>,
2910 6. X<autovivification>, 7. X<*foo{THING}> X<*>
2912 =item Using References
2913 X<reference, use> X<dereferencing> X<dereference>
2915 2. X<${}> X<@{}> X<%{}>, 3. X<autovivification> X<< -> >> X<arrow>, 4.
2918 =item Symbolic references
2919 X<reference, symbolic> X<reference, soft>
2920 X<symbolic reference> X<soft reference>
2922 =item Not-so-symbolic references
2924 =item Pseudo-hashes: Using an array as a hash
2925 X<pseudo-hash> X<pseudo hash> X<pseudohash>
2927 =item Function Templates
2928 X<scope, lexical> X<closure> X<lexical> X<lexical scope>
2929 X<subroutine, nested> X<sub, nested> X<subroutine, local> X<sub, local>
2934 X<reference, string context> X<reference, use as hash key>
2940 =head2 perlform - Perl formats
2949 X<format, text field>
2951 =item Numeric Fields
2952 X<#> X<format, numeric field>
2954 =item The Field @* for Variable Width Multi-Line Text
2957 =item The Field ^* for Variable Width One-line-at-a-time Text
2960 =item Specifying Values
2961 X<format, specifying values>
2963 =item Using Fill Mode
2964 X<format, fill mode>
2966 =item Suppressing Lines Where All Fields Are Void
2967 X<format, suppressing lines>
2969 =item Repeating Format Lines
2970 X<format, repeating lines>
2972 =item Top of Form Processing
2973 X<format, top of form> X<top> X<header>
2975 =item Format Variables
2977 X<format, variables>
2986 X<format, footer> X<footer>
2988 =item Accessing Formatting Internals
2989 X<format, internals>
2997 =head2 perlobj - Perl objects
3005 =item An Object is Simply a Reference
3006 X<object> X<bless> X<constructor> X<new>
3008 =item A Class is Simply a Package
3009 X<class> X<package> X<@ISA> X<inheritance>
3011 =item A Method is Simply a Subroutine
3014 =item Method Invocation
3015 X<invocation> X<method> X<arrow> X<< -> >>
3017 =item Indirect Object Syntax
3018 X<indirect object syntax> X<invocation, indirect> X<indirect>
3020 =item Default UNIVERSAL methods
3023 isa(CLASS) X<isa>, can(METHOD) X<can>, VERSION( [NEED] ) X<VERSION>
3026 X<destructor> X<DESTROY>
3030 =item Two-Phased Garbage Collection
3031 X<garbage collection> X<GC> X<circular reference>
3032 X<reference, circular> X<DESTROY> X<destructor>
3040 =head2 perltie - how to hide an object class in a simple variable
3053 TIESCALAR classname, LIST X<TIESCALAR>, FETCH this X<FETCH>, STORE this,
3054 value X<STORE>, UNTIE this X<UNTIE>, DESTROY this X<DESTROY>
3059 TIEARRAY classname, LIST X<TIEARRAY>, FETCH this, index X<FETCH>, STORE
3060 this, index, value X<STORE>, FETCHSIZE this X<FETCHSIZE>, STORESIZE this,
3061 count X<STORESIZE>, EXTEND this, count X<EXTEND>, EXISTS this, key
3062 X<EXISTS>, DELETE this, key X<DELETE>, CLEAR this X<CLEAR>, PUSH this, LIST
3063 X<PUSH>, POP this X<POP>, SHIFT this X<SHIFT>, UNSHIFT this, LIST
3064 X<UNSHIFT>, SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST X<SPLICE>, UNTIE this
3065 X<UNTIE>, DESTROY this X<DESTROY>
3070 USER, HOME, CLOBBER, LIST, TIEHASH classname, LIST X<TIEHASH>, FETCH this,
3071 key X<FETCH>, STORE this, key, value X<STORE>, DELETE this, key X<DELETE>,
3072 CLEAR this X<CLEAR>, EXISTS this, key X<EXISTS>, FIRSTKEY this X<FIRSTKEY>,
3073 NEXTKEY this, lastkey X<NEXTKEY>, SCALAR this X<SCALAR>, UNTIE this
3074 X<UNTIE>, DESTROY this X<DESTROY>
3076 =item Tying FileHandles
3077 X<filehandle, tying>
3079 TIEHANDLE classname, LIST X<TIEHANDLE>, WRITE this, LIST X<WRITE>, PRINT
3080 this, LIST X<PRINT>, PRINTF this, LIST X<PRINTF>, READ this, LIST X<READ>,
3081 READLINE this X<READLINE>, GETC this X<GETC>, CLOSE this X<CLOSE>, UNTIE
3082 this X<UNTIE>, DESTROY this X<DESTROY>
3087 =item The C<untie> Gotcha
3100 =head2 perldbmfilter - Perl DBM Filters
3108 B<filter_store_key>, B<filter_store_value>, B<filter_fetch_key>,
3109 B<filter_fetch_value>
3115 =item An Example -- the NULL termination problem.
3117 =item Another Example -- Key is a C int.
3127 =head2 perlipc - Perl interprocess communication (signals, fifos, pipes,
3128 safe subprocesses, sockets, and semaphores)
3138 =item Handling the SIGHUP Signal in Daemons
3146 =item Deferred Signals (Safe Signals)
3148 Long running opcodes, Interrupting IO, Restartable system calls, Signals as
3149 "faults", Signals triggered by operating system state
3153 =item Using open() for IPC
3159 =item Background Processes
3161 =item Complete Dissociation of Child from Parent
3163 =item Safe Pipe Opens
3165 =item Bidirectional Communication with Another Process
3167 =item Bidirectional Communication with Yourself
3171 =item Sockets: Client/Server Communication
3175 =item Internet Line Terminators
3177 =item Internet TCP Clients and Servers
3179 =item Unix-Domain TCP Clients and Servers
3183 =item TCP Clients with IO::Socket
3187 =item A Simple Client
3189 C<Proto>, C<PeerAddr>, C<PeerPort>
3191 =item A Webget Client
3193 =item Interactive Client with IO::Socket
3197 =item TCP Servers with IO::Socket
3199 Proto, LocalPort, Listen, Reuse
3201 =item UDP: Message Passing
3215 =head2 perlfork - Perl's fork() emulation
3225 =item Behavior of other Perl features in forked pseudo-processes
3227 $$ or $PROCESS_ID, %ENV, chdir() and all other builtins that accept
3228 filenames, wait() and waitpid(), kill(), exec(), exit(), Open handles to
3229 files, directories and network sockets
3231 =item Resource limits
3233 =item Killing the parent process
3235 =item Lifetime of the parent process and pseudo-processes
3237 =item CAVEATS AND LIMITATIONS
3239 BEGIN blocks, Open filehandles, Forking pipe open() not yet implemented,
3240 Global state maintained by XSUBs, Interpreter embedded in larger
3241 application, Thread-safety of extensions
3253 =head2 perlnumber - semantics of numbers and numeric operations in Perl
3261 =item Storing numbers
3263 =item Numeric operators and numeric conversions
3265 =item Flavors of Perl numeric operations
3267 Arithmetic operators, ++, Arithmetic operators during C<use integer>, Other
3268 mathematical operators, Bitwise operators, Bitwise operators during C<use
3269 integer>, Operators which expect an integer, Operators which expect a
3278 =head2 perlthrtut - tutorial on threads in Perl
3286 =item What Is A Thread Anyway?
3288 =item Threaded Program Models
3300 =item What kind of threads are Perl threads?
3302 =item Thread-Safe Modules
3308 =item Basic Thread Support
3310 =item A Note about the Examples
3312 =item Creating Threads
3314 =item Waiting For A Thread To Exit
3316 =item Ignoring A Thread
3320 =item Threads And Data
3324 =item Shared And Unshared Data
3326 =item Thread Pitfalls: Races
3330 =item Synchronization and control
3334 =item Controlling access: lock()
3336 =item A Thread Pitfall: Deadlocks
3338 =item Queues: Passing Data Around
3340 =item Semaphores: Synchronizing Data Access
3342 =item Basic semaphores
3344 =item Advanced Semaphores
3346 =item cond_wait() and cond_signal()
3348 =item Giving up control
3352 =item General Thread Utility Routines
3356 =item What Thread Am I In?
3360 =item Are These Threads The Same?
3362 =item What Threads Are Running?
3366 =item A Complete Example
3368 =item Different implementations of threads
3370 =item Performance considerations
3372 =item Process-scope Changes
3374 =item Thread-Safety of System Libraries
3382 =item Introductory Texts
3384 =item OS-Related References
3386 =item Other References
3390 =item Acknowledgements
3398 =head2 perlothrtut - old tutorial on threads in Perl
3404 =item What Is A Thread Anyway?
3406 =item Threaded Program Models
3418 =item Native threads
3420 =item What kind of threads are perl threads?
3422 =item Threadsafe Modules
3428 =item Basic Thread Support
3430 =item Creating Threads
3432 =item Giving up control
3434 =item Waiting For A Thread To Exit
3436 =item Errors In Threads
3438 =item Ignoring A Thread
3442 =item Threads And Data
3446 =item Shared And Unshared Data
3448 =item Thread Pitfall: Races
3450 =item Controlling access: lock()
3452 =item Thread Pitfall: Deadlocks
3454 =item Queues: Passing Data Around
3458 =item Threads And Code
3462 =item Semaphores: Synchronizing Data Access
3464 Basic semaphores, Advanced Semaphores
3466 =item Attributes: Restricting Access To Subroutines
3468 =item Subroutine Locks
3472 =item Locking A Subroutine
3476 =item General Thread Utility Routines
3480 =item What Thread Am I In?
3484 =item Are These Threads The Same?
3486 =item What Threads Are Running?
3490 =item A Complete Example
3498 =item Introductory Texts
3500 =item OS-Related References
3502 =item Other References
3506 =item Acknowledgements
3514 =head2 perlport - Writing portable Perl
3520 Not all Perl programs have to be portable, Nearly all of Perl already I<is>
3529 =item Numbers endianness and Width
3531 =item Files and Filesystems
3533 =item System Interaction
3535 =item Command names versus file pathnames
3539 =item Interprocess Communication (IPC)
3541 =item External Subroutines (XS)
3543 =item Standard Modules
3547 =item Character sets and character encoding
3549 =item Internationalisation
3551 =item System Resources
3567 =item DOS and Derivatives
3575 =item EBCDIC Platforms
3583 =item FUNCTION IMPLEMENTATIONS
3587 =item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions
3589 -I<X>, atan2, binmode, chmod, chown, chroot, crypt, dbmclose, dbmopen,
3590 dump, exec, exit, fcntl, flock, fork, getlogin, getpgrp, getppid,
3591 getpriority, getpwnam, getgrnam, getnetbyname, getpwuid, getgrgid,
3592 getnetbyaddr, getprotobynumber, getservbyport, getpwent, getgrent,
3593 gethostbyname, gethostent, getnetent, getprotoent, getservent, sethostent,
3594 setnetent, setprotoent, setservent, endpwent, endgrent, endhostent,
3595 endnetent, endprotoent, endservent, getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob,
3596 gmtime, ioctl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, kill, link, localtime, lstat,
3597 msgctl, msgget, msgsnd, msgrcv, open, pipe, readlink, rename, select,
3598 semctl, semget, semop, setgrent, setpgrp, setpriority, setpwent,
3599 setsockopt, shmctl, shmget, shmread, shmwrite, sockatmark, socketpair,
3600 stat, symlink, syscall, sysopen, system, times, truncate, umask, utime,
3605 =item Supported Platforms
3609 =item AUTHORS / CONTRIBUTORS
3613 =head2 perllocale - Perl locale handling (internationalization and
3620 =item PREPARING TO USE LOCALES
3626 =item The use locale pragma
3628 =item The setlocale function
3630 =item Finding locales
3632 =item LOCALE PROBLEMS
3634 =item Temporarily fixing locale problems
3636 =item Permanently fixing locale problems
3638 =item Permanently fixing your system's locale configuration
3640 =item Fixing system locale configuration
3642 =item The localeconv function
3644 =item I18N::Langinfo
3648 =item LOCALE CATEGORIES
3652 =item Category LC_COLLATE: Collation
3654 =item Category LC_CTYPE: Character Types
3656 =item Category LC_NUMERIC: Numeric Formatting
3658 =item Category LC_MONETARY: Formatting of monetary amounts
3662 =item Other categories
3670 PERL_BADLANG, LC_ALL, LANGUAGE, LC_CTYPE, LC_COLLATE, LC_MONETARY,
3671 LC_NUMERIC, LC_TIME, LANG
3677 =item Backward compatibility
3679 =item I18N:Collate obsolete
3681 =item Sort speed and memory use impacts
3683 =item write() and LC_NUMERIC
3685 =item Freely available locale definitions
3689 =item An imperfect standard
3693 =item Unicode and UTF-8
3699 =item Broken systems
3709 =head2 perluniintro - Perl Unicode introduction
3719 =item Perl's Unicode Support
3721 =item Perl's Unicode Model
3723 =item Unicode and EBCDIC
3725 =item Creating Unicode
3727 =item Handling Unicode
3729 =item Legacy Encodings
3733 =item Displaying Unicode As Text
3737 =item Advanced Topics
3741 =item Questions With Answers
3743 =item Hexadecimal Notation
3745 =item Further Resources
3749 =item UNICODE IN OLDER PERLS
3753 =item ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
3755 =item AUTHOR, COPYRIGHT, AND LICENSE
3759 =head2 perlunicode - Unicode support in Perl
3767 =item Important Caveats
3769 Input and Output Layers, Regular Expressions, C<use utf8> still needed to
3770 enable UTF-8/UTF-EBCDIC in scripts, BOM-marked scripts and UTF-16 scripts
3771 autodetected, C<use encoding> needed to upgrade non-Latin-1 byte strings
3773 =item Byte and Character Semantics
3775 =item Effects of Character Semantics
3777 =item Unicode Character Properties
3779 General Category, Bidirectional Character Types, Scripts, Extended property
3780 classes, Use of "Is" Prefix, Blocks
3782 =item User-Defined Character Properties
3784 =item User-Defined Case Mappings
3786 =item Character Encodings for Input and Output
3788 =item Unicode Regular Expression Support Level
3790 =item Unicode Encodings
3792 =item Security Implications of Unicode
3794 =item Unicode in Perl on EBCDIC
3798 =item When Unicode Does Not Happen
3800 =item Forcing Unicode in Perl (Or Unforcing Unicode in Perl)
3802 =item Using Unicode in XS
3810 =item Interaction with Locales
3812 =item Interaction with Extensions
3816 =item Porting code from perl-5.6.X
3824 =head2 perlunitut - Perl Unicode Tutorial
3834 =item Your new toolkit
3836 =item I/O flow (the actual 5 minute tutorial)
3844 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
3852 =head2 perlebcdic - Considerations for running Perl on EBCDIC platforms
3858 =item COMMON CHARACTER CODE SETS
3866 =item Latin 1 (ISO 8859-1)
3870 =item 13 variant characters
3878 =item Unicode code points versus EBCDIC code points
3880 =item Remaining Perl Unicode problems in EBCDIC
3882 =item Unicode and UTF
3888 =item SINGLE OCTET TABLES
3890 recipe 0, recipe 1, recipe 2, recipe 3, recipe 4, recipe 5, recipe 6
3892 =item IDENTIFYING CHARACTER CODE SETS
3906 =item OPERATOR DIFFERENCES
3908 =item FUNCTION DIFFERENCES
3910 chr(), ord(), pack(), print(), printf(), sort(), sprintf(), unpack()
3912 =item REGULAR EXPRESSION DIFFERENCES
3920 =item Ignore ASCII vs. EBCDIC sort differences.
3922 =item MONO CASE then sort data.
3924 =item Convert, sort data, then re convert.
3926 =item Perform sorting on one type of machine only.
3930 =item TRANSFORMATION FORMATS
3934 =item URL decoding and encoding
3936 =item uu encoding and decoding
3938 =item Quoted-Printable encoding and decoding
3940 =item Caesarian ciphers
3944 =item Hashing order and checksums
3948 =item MULTI OCTET CHARACTER SETS
3960 chcp, dataset access, OS/390, z/OS iconv, locales
3980 =head2 perlsec - Perl security
3988 =item Laundering and Detecting Tainted Data
3990 =item Switches On the "#!" Line
3992 =item Taint mode and @INC
3994 =item Cleaning Up Your Path
3998 =item Protecting Your Programs
4002 =item Algorithmic Complexity Attacks
4010 =head2 perlmod - Perl modules (packages and symbol tables)
4019 X<package> X<namespace> X<variable, global> X<global variable> X<global>
4022 X<symbol table> X<stash> X<%::> X<%main::> X<typeglob> X<glob> X<alias>
4024 =item BEGIN, CHECK, INIT and END
4025 X<BEGIN> X<CHECK> X<INIT> X<END>
4033 =item Making your module threadsafe
4034 X<threadsafe> X<thread safe>
4035 X<module, threadsafe> X<module, thread safe>
4036 X<CLONE> X<CLONE_SKIP> X<thread> X<threads> X<ithread>
4044 =head2 perlmodlib - constructing new Perl modules and finding existing ones
4048 =item THE PERL MODULE LIBRARY
4052 =item Pragmatic Modules
4054 assertions, assertions::activate, assertions::compat, attributes, attrs,
4055 autouse, base, bigint, bignum, bigrat, blib, bytes, charnames, constant,
4056 diagnostics, encoding, encoding::warnings, feature, fields, filetest, if,
4057 integer, less, lib, locale, open, ops, overload, re, sigtrap, sort, strict,
4058 subs, threads, threads::shared, utf8, vars, version, vmsish, warnings,
4061 =item Standard Modules
4063 AnyDBM_File, Archive::Tar, Archive::Tar::File, Attribute::Handlers,
4064 AutoLoader, AutoSplit, B, B::Asmdata, B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode,
4065 B::C, B::CC, B::Concise, B::Debug, B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint,
4066 B::Showlex, B::Stackobj, B::Stash, B::Terse, B::Xref, Benchmark,
4067 ByteLoader, CGI, CGI::Apache, CGI::Carp, CGI::Cookie, CGI::Fast,
4068 CGI::Pretty, CGI::Push, CGI::Switch, CGI::Util, CPAN, CPAN::FirstTime,
4069 CPAN::Nox, CPAN::Version, Carp, Carp::Heavy, Class::ISA, Class::Struct,
4070 Compress::Zlib, Compress::Zlib::pod::FAQ, Config, Cwd, DB, DBM_Filter,
4071 DB_File, Data::Dumper, Devel::DProf, Devel::PPPort, Devel::Peek,
4072 Devel::SelfStubber, Digest, Digest::MD5, Digest::SHA, Digest::base,
4073 Digest::file, DirHandle, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, Encode, Encode::Alias,
4074 Encode::Byte, Encode::CJKConstants, Encode::CN, Encode::CN::HZ,
4075 Encode::Config, Encode::EBCDIC, Encode::Encoder, Encode::Encoding,
4076 Encode::Guess, Encode::JP, Encode::JP::H2Z, Encode::JP::JIS7, Encode::KR,
4077 Encode::KR::2022_KR, Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::PerlIO,
4078 Encode::Supported, Encode::Symbol, Encode::TW, Encode::Unicode,
4079 Encode::Unicode::UTF7, English, Env, Errno, Exporter, Exporter::Heavy,
4080 ExtUtils::CBuilder, ExtUtils::CBuilder::Platform::Windows,
4081 ExtUtils::Command, ExtUtils::Command::MM, ExtUtils::Constant,
4082 ExtUtils::Constant::Base, ExtUtils::Constant::Utils,
4083 ExtUtils::Constant::XS, ExtUtils::Embed, ExtUtils::Install,
4084 ExtUtils::Installed, ExtUtils::Liblist, ExtUtils::MM, ExtUtils::MM_AIX,
4085 ExtUtils::MM_Any, ExtUtils::MM_BeOS, ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin, ExtUtils::MM_DOS,
4086 ExtUtils::MM_MacOS, ExtUtils::MM_NW5, ExtUtils::MM_OS2, ExtUtils::MM_QNX,
4087 ExtUtils::MM_UWIN, ExtUtils::MM_Unix, ExtUtils::MM_VMS, ExtUtils::MM_VOS,
4088 ExtUtils::MM_Win32, ExtUtils::MM_Win95, ExtUtils::MY, ExtUtils::MakeMaker,
4089 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Config, ExtUtils::MakeMaker::FAQ,
4090 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Tutorial, ExtUtils::MakeMaker::bytes,
4091 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::vmsish, ExtUtils::Manifest, ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap,
4092 ExtUtils::Mksymlists, ExtUtils::Packlist, ExtUtils::ParseXS,
4093 ExtUtils::testlib, Fatal, Fcntl, File::Basename, File::CheckTree,
4094 File::Compare, File::Copy, File::DosGlob, File::Find, File::Glob,
4095 File::GlobMapper, File::Path, File::Spec, File::Spec::Cygwin,
4096 File::Spec::Epoc, File::Spec::Functions, File::Spec::Mac, File::Spec::OS2,
4097 File::Spec::Unix, File::Spec::VMS, File::Spec::Win32, File::Temp,
4098 File::stat, FileCache, FileHandle, Filter::Simple, Filter::Util::Call,
4099 FindBin, GDBM_File, Getopt::Long, Getopt::Std, Hash::Util, I18N::Collate,
4100 I18N::LangTags, I18N::LangTags::Detect, I18N::LangTags::List,
4101 I18N::Langinfo, IO, IO::Compress::Deflate, IO::Compress::Gzip,
4102 IO::Compress::RawDeflate, IO::Dir, IO::File, IO::Handle, IO::Pipe,
4103 IO::Poll, IO::Seekable, IO::Select, IO::Socket, IO::Socket::INET,
4104 IO::Socket::UNIX, IO::Uncompress::AnyInflate, IO::Uncompress::Gunzip,
4105 IO::Uncompress::Inflate, IO::Uncompress::RawInflate, IO::Zlib, IPC::Open2,
4106 IPC::Open3, IPC::SysV, IPC::SysV::Msg, IPC::SysV::Semaphore, List::Util,
4107 Locale::Constants, Locale::Country, Locale::Currency, Locale::Language,
4108 Locale::Maketext, Locale::Maketext::TPJ13, Locale::Script, MIME::Base64,
4109 MIME::Base64::QuotedPrint, Math::BigFloat, Math::BigInt,
4110 Math::BigInt::Calc, Math::BigInt::CalcEmu, Math::BigInt::FastCalc,
4111 Math::BigRat, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Memoize, Memoize::AnyDBM_File,
4112 Memoize::Expire, Memoize::ExpireFile, Memoize::ExpireTest,
4113 Memoize::NDBM_File, Memoize::SDBM_File, Memoize::Storable,
4114 Module::CoreList, NDBM_File, NEXT, Net::Cmd, Net::Config, Net::Domain,
4115 Net::FTP, Net::NNTP, Net::Netrc, Net::POP3, Net::Ping, Net::SMTP,
4116 Net::Time, Net::hostent, Net::libnetFAQ, Net::netent, Net::protoent,
4117 Net::servent, O, ODBM_File, Opcode, POSIX, PerlIO, PerlIO::encoding,
4118 PerlIO::scalar, PerlIO::via, PerlIO::via::QuotedPrint, Pod::Checker,
4119 Pod::Escapes, Pod::Find, Pod::Functions, Pod::Html, Pod::InputObjects,
4120 Pod::LaTeX, Pod::Man, Pod::ParseLink, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Parser,
4121 Pod::Perldoc::ToChecker, Pod::Perldoc::ToMan, Pod::Perldoc::ToNroff,
4122 Pod::Perldoc::ToPod, Pod::Perldoc::ToRtf, Pod::Perldoc::ToText,
4123 Pod::Perldoc::ToTk, Pod::Perldoc::ToXml, Pod::PlainText, Pod::Plainer,
4124 Pod::Select, Pod::Simple, Pod::Simple::Checker, Pod::Simple::Debug,
4125 Pod::Simple::DumpAsText, Pod::Simple::DumpAsXML, Pod::Simple::HTML,
4126 Pod::Simple::HTMLBatch, Pod::Simple::LinkSection, Pod::Simple::Methody,
4127 Pod::Simple::PullParser, Pod::Simple::PullParserEndToken,
4128 Pod::Simple::PullParserStartToken, Pod::Simple::PullParserTextToken,
4129 Pod::Simple::PullParserToken, Pod::Simple::RTF, Pod::Simple::Search,
4130 Pod::Simple::SimpleTree, Pod::Simple::Subclassing, Pod::Simple::Text,
4131 Pod::Simple::TextContent, Pod::Simple::XMLOutStream, Pod::Text,
4132 Pod::Text::Color, Pod::Text::Overstrike, Pod::Text::Termcap, Pod::Usage,
4133 SDBM_File, Safe, Scalar::Util, Search::Dict, SelectSaver, SelfLoader,
4134 Shell, Socket, Storable, Switch, Symbol, Sys::Hostname, Sys::Syslog,
4135 Term::ANSIColor, Term::Cap, Term::Complete, Term::ReadLine, Test,
4136 Test::Builder, Test::Builder::Module, Test::Builder::Tester,
4137 Test::Builder::Tester::Color, Test::Harness, Test::Harness::Assert,
4138 Test::Harness::Iterator, Test::Harness::Point, Test::Harness::Straps,
4139 Test::Harness::TAP, Test::More, Test::Simple, Test::Tutorial, Text::Abbrev,
4140 Text::Balanced, Text::ParseWords, Text::Soundex, Text::Tabs, Text::Wrap,
4141 Thread, Thread::Queue, Thread::Semaphore, Thread::Signal, Thread::Specific,
4142 Tie::Array, Tie::File, Tie::Handle, Tie::Hash, Tie::Memoize, Tie::RefHash,
4143 Tie::Scalar, Tie::SubstrHash, Time::HiRes, Time::Local, Time::gmtime,
4144 Time::localtime, Time::tm, UNIVERSAL, Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Normalize,
4145 Unicode::UCD, User::grent, User::pwent, XS::APItest, XS::Typemap, XSLoader
4147 =item Extension Modules
4161 China, Indonesia, Israel, Japan, Malaysia, Russian Federation, Saudi
4162 Arabia, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand
4164 =item Central America
4170 Austria, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech
4171 Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary,
4172 Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
4173 Portugal, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
4174 Turkey, Ukraine, United Kingdom
4178 Canada, Alberta, Manitoba, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Mexico, United States,
4179 Alabama, California, Colorado, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida,
4180 Indiana, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Michigan, Nevada, New Jersey, New York,
4181 North Carolina, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Texas, Utah,
4182 Virginia, Washington, Wisconsin
4186 Australia, New Zealand, United States
4190 Argentina, Brazil, Chile
4196 =item Modules: Creation, Use, and Abuse
4200 =item Guidelines for Module Creation
4202 =item Guidelines for Converting Perl 4 Library Scripts into Modules
4204 =item Guidelines for Reusing Application Code
4212 =head2 perlmodstyle - Perl module style guide
4218 =item QUICK CHECKLIST
4222 =item Before you start
4230 =item Release considerations
4234 =item BEFORE YOU START WRITING A MODULE
4238 =item Has it been done before?
4240 =item Do one thing and do it well
4242 =item What's in a name?
4246 =item DESIGNING AND WRITING YOUR MODULE
4250 =item To OO or not to OO?
4252 =item Designing your API
4254 Write simple routines to do simple things, Separate functionality from
4255 output, Provide sensible shortcuts and defaults, Naming conventions,
4258 =item Strictness and warnings
4260 =item Backwards compatibility
4262 =item Error handling and messages
4266 =item DOCUMENTING YOUR MODULE
4272 =item README, INSTALL, release notes, changelogs
4274 perl Makefile.PL, make, make test, make install, perl Build.PL, perl Build,
4275 perl Build test, perl Build install
4279 =item RELEASE CONSIDERATIONS
4283 =item Version numbering
4285 =item Pre-requisites
4295 =item COMMON PITFALLS
4299 =item Reinventing the wheel
4301 =item Trying to do too much
4303 =item Inappropriate documentation
4309 L<perlstyle>, L<perlnewmod>, L<perlpod>, L<podchecker>, Packaging Tools,
4310 Testing tools, http://pause.perl.org/, Any good book on software
4317 =head2 perlmodinstall - Installing CPAN Modules
4327 B<DECOMPRESS> the file, B<UNPACK> the file into a directory, B<BUILD> the
4328 module (sometimes unnecessary), B<INSTALL> the module
4342 =head2 perlnewmod - preparing a new module for distribution
4352 =item What should I make into a module?
4354 =item Step-by-step: Preparing the ground
4356 Look around, Check it's new, Discuss the need, Choose a name, Check again
4358 =item Step-by-step: Making the module
4360 Start with F<module-starter> or F<h2xs>, Use L<strict|strict> and
4361 L<warnings|warnings>, Use L<Carp|Carp>, Use L<Exporter|Exporter> - wisely!,
4362 Use L<plain old documentation|perlpod>, Write tests, Write the README
4364 =item Step-by-step: Distributing your module
4366 Get a CPAN user ID, C<perl Makefile.PL; make test; make dist>, Upload the
4367 tarball, Announce to the modules list, Announce to clpa, Fix bugs!
4377 =head2 perlpragma - how to write a user pragma
4383 =item A basic example
4385 =item Implementation details
4389 =head2 perlutil - utilities packaged with the Perl distribution
4395 =item LIST OF UTILITIES
4401 L<perldoc|perldoc>, L<pod2man|pod2man> and L<pod2text|pod2text>,
4402 L<pod2html|pod2html> and L<pod2latex|pod2latex>, L<pod2usage|pod2usage>,
4403 L<podselect|podselect>, L<podchecker|podchecker>, L<splain|splain>,
4404 L<roffitall|roffitall>
4408 L<a2p|a2p>, L<s2p|s2p> and L<psed>, L<find2perl|find2perl>
4410 =item Administration
4412 L<config_data|config_data>, L<libnetcfg|libnetcfg>, L<perlivp>
4416 L<perlbug|perlbug>, L<h2ph|h2ph>, L<c2ph|c2ph> and L<pstruct|pstruct>,
4417 L<h2xs|h2xs>, L<enc2xs>, L<xsubpp>, L<dprofpp|dprofpp>, L<perlcc|perlcc>,
4418 L<prove>, L<corelist>
4422 L<piconv>, L<ptar>, L<ptardiff>, L<shasum>
4426 L<cpan>, L<instmodsh>
4434 =head2 perlcompile - Introduction to the Perl Compiler-Translator
4444 B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Lint, B::Deparse, B::Xref
4448 =item Using The Back Ends
4452 =item The Cross Referencing Back End
4456 =item The Decompiling Back End
4458 =item The Lint Back End
4460 =item The Simple C Back End
4462 =item The Bytecode Back End
4464 =item The Optimized C Back End
4468 =item Module List for the Compiler Suite
4470 B, O, B::Asmdata, B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC,
4471 B::Concise, B::Debug, B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex,
4472 B::Stackobj, B::Stash, B::Terse, B::Xref
4474 =item KNOWN PROBLEMS
4480 =head2 perlfilter - Source Filters
4490 =item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER
4492 =item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN C
4494 B<Decryption Filters>
4496 =item CREATING A SOURCE FILTER AS A SEPARATE EXECUTABLE
4498 =item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN PERL
4500 =item USING CONTEXT: THE DEBUG FILTER
4504 =item THINGS TO LOOK OUT FOR
4506 Some Filters Clobber the C<DATA> Handle
4516 =head2 perlglossary - Perl Glossary
4526 accessor methods, actual arguments, address operator, algorithm, alias,
4527 alternatives, anonymous, architecture, argument, ARGV, arithmetical
4528 operator, array, array context, ASCII, assertion, assignment, assignment
4529 operator, associative array, associativity, asynchronous, atom, atomic
4530 operation, attribute, autogeneration, autoincrement, autoload, autosplit,
4531 autovivification, AV, awk
4535 backreference, backtracking, backward compatibility, bareword, base class,
4536 big-endian, binary, binary operator, bind, bit, bit shift, bit string,
4537 bless, block, BLOCK, block buffering, Boolean, Boolean context, breakpoint,
4538 broadcast, BSD, bucket, buffer, built-in, bundle, byte, bytecode
4542 C, C preprocessor, call by reference, call by value, callback, canonical,
4543 capturing, character, character class, character property, circumfix
4544 operator, class, class method, client, cloister, closure, cluster, CODE,
4545 code generator, code subpattern, collating sequence, command, command
4546 buffering, command name, command-line arguments, comment, compilation unit,
4547 compile phase, compile time, compiler, composer, concatenation,
4548 conditional, connection, construct, constructor, context, continuation,
4549 core dump, CPAN, cracker, current package, current working directory,
4550 currently selected output channel, CV
4554 dangling statement, data structure, data type, datagram, DBM, declaration,
4555 decrement, default, defined, delimiter, dereference, derived class,
4556 descriptor, destroy, destructor, device, directive, directory, directory
4557 handle, dispatch, distribution, dweomer, dwimmer, dynamic scoping
4561 eclectic, element, embedding, empty subclass test, en passant,
4562 encapsulation, endian, environment, environment variable, EOF, errno,
4563 error, escape sequence, exception, exception handling, exec, executable
4564 file, execute, execute bit, exit status, export, expression, extension
4568 false, FAQ, fatal error, field, FIFO, file, file descriptor, file test
4569 operator, fileglob, filehandle, filename, filesystem, filter, flag,
4570 floating point, flush, FMTEYEWTK, fork, formal arguments, format, freely
4571 available, freely redistributable, freeware, function, funny character,
4576 GID, glob, global, global destruction, glue language, granularity, greedy,
4581 hacker, handler, hard reference, hash, hash table, header file, here
4582 document, hexadecimal, home directory, host, hubris, HV
4586 identifier, impatience, implementation, import, increment, indexing,
4587 indirect filehandle, indirect object, indirect object slot, indirection,
4588 infix, inheritance, instance, instance variable, integer, interface,
4589 interpolation, interpreter, invocant, invocation, I/O, IO, IP, IPC, is-a,
4590 iteration, iterator, IV
4602 label, laziness, left shift, leftmost longest, lexeme, lexer, lexical
4603 analysis, lexical scoping, lexical variable, library, LIFO, line, line
4604 buffering, line number, link, LIST, list, list context, list operator, list
4605 value, literal, little-endian, local, logical operator, lookahead,
4606 lookbehind, loop, loop control statement, loop label, lvaluable, lvalue,
4611 magic, magical increment, magical variables, Makefile, man, manpage,
4612 matching, member data, memory, metacharacter, metasymbol, method,
4613 minimalism, mode, modifier, module, modulus, monger, mortal,
4614 multidimensional array, multiple inheritance
4618 named pipe, namespace, network address, newline, NFS, null character, null
4619 list, null string, numeric context, NV, nybble
4623 object, octal, offset, one-liner, open source software, operand, operating
4624 system, operator, operator overloading, options, overloading, overriding,
4629 package, pad, parameter, parent class, parse tree, parsing, patch, PATH,
4630 pathname, pattern, pattern matching, permission bits, Pern, pipe, pipeline,
4631 platform, pod, pointer, polymorphism, port, portable, porter, POSIX,
4632 postfix, pp, pragma, precedence, prefix, preprocessing, procedure, process,
4633 program generator, progressive matching, property, protocol, prototype,
4634 pseudofunction, pseudohash, pseudoliteral, public domain, pumpkin,
4639 qualified, quantifier
4643 readable, reaping, record, recursion, reference, referent, regex, regular
4644 expression, regular expression modifier, regular file, relational operator,
4645 reserved words, return value, RFC, right shift, root, RTFM, run phase, run
4646 time, run-time pattern, RV, rvalue
4650 scalar, scalar context, scalar literal, scalar value, scalar variable,
4651 scope, scratchpad, script, script kiddie, sed, semaphore, separator,
4652 serialization, server, service, setgid, setuid, shared memory, shebang,
4653 shell, side effects, signal, signal handler, single inheritance, slice,
4654 slurp, socket, soft reference, source filter, stack, standard, standard
4655 error, standard I/O, standard input, standard output, stat structure,
4656 statement, statement modifier, static, static method, static scoping,
4657 static variable, status, STDERR, STDIN, STDIO, STDOUT, stream, string,
4658 string context, stringification, struct, structure, subclass, subpattern,
4659 subroutine, subscript, substitution, substring, superclass, superuser, SV,
4660 switch, switch cluster, switch statement, symbol, symbol table, symbolic
4661 debugger, symbolic link, symbolic reference, synchronous, syntactic sugar,
4662 syntax, syntax tree, syscall
4666 tainted, TCP, term, terminator, ternary, text, thread, tie, TMTOWTDI,
4667 token, tokener, tokenizing, toolbox approach, transliterate, trigger,
4668 trinary, troff, true, truncating, type, type casting, typed lexical,
4669 typedef, typeglob, typemap
4673 UDP, UID, umask, unary operator, Unicode, Unix
4677 value, variable, variable interpolation, variadic, vector, virtual, void
4682 warning, watch expression, whitespace, word, working directory, wrapper,
4699 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
4703 =head2 perlembed - how to embed perl in your C program
4713 B<Use C from Perl?>, B<Use a Unix program from Perl?>, B<Use Perl from
4714 Perl?>, B<Use C from C?>, B<Use Perl from C?>
4718 =item Compiling your C program
4720 =item Adding a Perl interpreter to your C program
4722 =item Calling a Perl subroutine from your C program
4724 =item Evaluating a Perl statement from your C program
4726 =item Performing Perl pattern matches and substitutions from your C program
4728 =item Fiddling with the Perl stack from your C program
4730 =item Maintaining a persistent interpreter
4732 =item Execution of END blocks
4734 =item $0 assignments
4736 =item Maintaining multiple interpreter instances
4738 =item Using Perl modules, which themselves use C libraries, from your C
4743 =item Embedding Perl under Win32
4755 =head2 perldebguts - Guts of Perl debugging
4761 =item Debugger Internals
4765 =item Writing Your Own Debugger
4769 =item Frame Listing Output Examples
4771 =item Debugging regular expressions
4775 =item Compile-time output
4777 C<anchored> I<STRING> C<at> I<POS>, C<floating> I<STRING> C<at>
4778 I<POS1..POS2>, C<matching floating/anchored>, C<minlen>, C<stclass>
4779 I<TYPE>, C<noscan>, C<isall>, C<GPOS>, C<plus>, C<implicit>, C<with eval>,
4782 =item Types of nodes
4784 =item Run-time output
4788 =item Debugging Perl memory usage
4792 =item Using C<$ENV{PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS}>
4794 C<buckets SMALLEST(APPROX)..GREATEST(APPROX)>, Free/Used, C<Total sbrk():
4795 SBRKed/SBRKs:CONTINUOUS>, C<pad: 0>, C<heads: 2192>, C<chain: 0>, C<tail:
4804 =head2 perlxstut, perlXStut - Tutorial for writing XSUBs
4816 =item Version caveat
4818 =item Dynamic Loading versus Static Loading
4830 =item What has gone on?
4832 =item Writing good test scripts
4836 =item What's new here?
4838 =item Input and Output Parameters
4840 =item The XSUBPP Program
4842 =item The TYPEMAP file
4844 =item Warning about Output Arguments
4848 =item What has happened here?
4850 =item Anatomy of .xs file
4852 =item Getting the fat out of XSUBs
4854 =item More about XSUB arguments
4856 =item The Argument Stack
4858 =item Extending your Extension
4860 =item Documenting your Extension
4862 =item Installing your Extension
4866 =item New Things in this Example
4870 =item New Things in this Example
4872 =item EXAMPLE 7 (Coming Soon)
4874 =item EXAMPLE 8 (Coming Soon)
4876 =item EXAMPLE 9 Passing open files to XSes
4878 =item Troubleshooting these Examples
4894 =head2 perlxs - XS language reference manual
4906 =item The Anatomy of an XSUB
4908 =item The Argument Stack
4910 =item The RETVAL Variable
4912 =item Returning SVs, AVs and HVs through RETVAL
4914 =item The MODULE Keyword
4916 =item The PACKAGE Keyword
4918 =item The PREFIX Keyword
4920 =item The OUTPUT: Keyword
4922 =item The NO_OUTPUT Keyword
4924 =item The CODE: Keyword
4926 =item The INIT: Keyword
4928 =item The NO_INIT Keyword
4930 =item Initializing Function Parameters
4932 =item Default Parameter Values
4934 =item The PREINIT: Keyword
4936 =item The SCOPE: Keyword
4938 =item The INPUT: Keyword
4940 =item The IN/OUTLIST/IN_OUTLIST/OUT/IN_OUT Keywords
4942 =item The C<length(NAME)> Keyword
4944 =item Variable-length Parameter Lists
4946 =item The C_ARGS: Keyword
4948 =item The PPCODE: Keyword
4950 =item Returning Undef And Empty Lists
4952 =item The REQUIRE: Keyword
4954 =item The CLEANUP: Keyword
4956 =item The POSTCALL: Keyword
4958 =item The BOOT: Keyword
4960 =item The VERSIONCHECK: Keyword
4962 =item The PROTOTYPES: Keyword
4964 =item The PROTOTYPE: Keyword
4966 =item The ALIAS: Keyword
4968 =item The OVERLOAD: Keyword
4970 =item The FALLBACK: Keyword
4972 =item The INTERFACE: Keyword
4974 =item The INTERFACE_MACRO: Keyword
4976 =item The INCLUDE: Keyword
4978 =item The CASE: Keyword
4980 =item The & Unary Operator
4982 =item Inserting POD, Comments and C Preprocessor Directives
4984 =item Using XS With C++
4986 =item Interface Strategy
4988 =item Perl Objects And C Structures
4992 =item Safely Storing Static Data in XS
4994 MY_CXT_KEY, typedef my_cxt_t, START_MY_CXT, MY_CXT_INIT, dMY_CXT, MY_CXT,
4995 aMY_CXT/pMY_CXT, MY_CXT_CLONE, MY_CXT_INIT_INTERP(my_perl),
4996 dMY_CXT_INTERP(my_perl)
5008 =head2 perlclib - Internal replacements for standard C library functions
5018 C<t>, C<p>, C<n>, C<s>
5020 =item File Operations
5022 =item File Input and Output
5024 =item File Positioning
5026 =item Memory Management and String Handling
5028 =item Character Class Tests
5030 =item F<stdlib.h> functions
5032 =item Miscellaneous functions
5040 =head2 perlguts - Introduction to the Perl API
5052 =item What is an "IV"?
5054 =item Working with SVs
5058 =item What's Really Stored in an SV?
5060 =item Working with AVs
5062 =item Working with HVs
5064 =item Hash API Extensions
5066 =item AVs, HVs and undefined values
5070 =item Blessed References and Class Objects
5072 =item Creating New Variables
5074 GV_ADDMULTI, GV_ADDWARN
5076 =item Reference Counts and Mortality
5078 =item Stashes and Globs
5080 =item Double-Typed SVs
5082 =item Magic Variables
5084 =item Assigning Magic
5086 =item Magic Virtual Tables
5090 =item Understanding the Magic of Tied Hashes and Arrays
5092 =item Localizing changes
5094 C<SAVEINT(int i)>, C<SAVEIV(IV i)>, C<SAVEI32(I32 i)>, C<SAVELONG(long i)>,
5095 C<SAVESPTR(s)>, C<SAVEPPTR(p)>, C<SAVEFREESV(SV *sv)>, C<SAVEMORTALIZESV(SV
5096 *sv)>, C<SAVEFREEOP(OP *op)>, C<SAVEFREEPV(p)>, C<SAVECLEARSV(SV *sv)>,
5097 C<SAVEDELETE(HV *hv, char *key, I32 length)>,
5098 C<SAVEDESTRUCTOR(DESTRUCTORFUNC_NOCONTEXT_t f, void *p)>,
5099 C<SAVEDESTRUCTOR_X(DESTRUCTORFUNC_t f, void *p)>, C<SAVESTACK_POS()>, C<SV*
5100 save_scalar(GV *gv)>, C<AV* save_ary(GV *gv)>, C<HV* save_hash(GV *gv)>,
5101 C<void save_item(SV *item)>, C<void save_list(SV **sarg, I32 maxsarg)>,
5102 C<SV* save_svref(SV **sptr)>, C<void save_aptr(AV **aptr)>, C<void
5103 save_hptr(HV **hptr)>
5111 =item XSUBs and the Argument Stack
5113 =item Calling Perl Routines from within C Programs
5115 =item Memory Allocation
5119 =item Putting a C value on Perl stack
5123 =item Scratchpads and recursion
5133 =item Examining the tree
5135 =item Compile pass 1: check routines
5137 =item Compile pass 1a: constant folding
5139 =item Compile pass 2: context propagation
5141 =item Compile pass 3: peephole optimization
5143 =item Pluggable runops
5147 =item Examining internal data structures with the C<dump> functions
5149 =item How multiple interpreters and concurrency are supported
5153 =item Background and PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
5155 =item So what happened to dTHR?
5157 =item How do I use all this in extensions?
5159 =item Should I do anything special if I call perl from multiple threads?
5161 =item Future Plans and PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
5165 =item Internal Functions
5167 A, p, d, s, n, r, f, M, o, x, m, X, E, b, others
5171 =item Formatted Printing of IVs, UVs, and NVs
5173 =item Pointer-To-Integer and Integer-To-Pointer
5175 =item Exception Handling
5177 =item Source Documentation
5179 =item Backwards compatibility
5183 =item Unicode Support
5187 =item What B<is> Unicode, anyway?
5189 =item How can I recognise a UTF-8 string?
5191 =item How does UTF-8 represent Unicode characters?
5193 =item How does Perl store UTF-8 strings?
5195 =item How do I convert a string to UTF-8?
5197 =item Is there anything else I need to know?
5201 =item Custom Operators
5209 =head2 perlcall - Perl calling conventions from C
5215 An Error Handler, An Event Driven Program
5217 =item THE CALL_ FUNCTIONS
5219 call_sv, call_pv, call_method, call_argv
5239 =item Determining the Context
5247 =item No Parameters, Nothing returned
5249 =item Passing Parameters
5251 =item Returning a Scalar
5253 =item Returning a list of values
5255 =item Returning a list in a scalar context
5257 =item Returning Data from Perl via the parameter list
5261 =item Using G_KEEPERR
5265 =item Using call_argv
5267 =item Using call_method
5271 =item Using Perl to dispose of temporaries
5273 =item Strategies for storing Callback Context Information
5275 1. Ignore the problem - Allow only 1 callback, 2. Create a sequence of
5276 callbacks - hard wired limit, 3. Use a parameter to map to the Perl
5279 =item Alternate Stack Manipulation
5281 =item Creating and calling an anonymous subroutine in C
5285 =item LIGHTWEIGHT CALLBACKS
5295 =head2 perlreguts - Description of the Perl regular expression engine.
5305 =item A quick note on terms
5307 =item What is a regular expression engine?
5309 =item Structure of a Regexp Program
5311 regnode_1, regnode_2, regnode_string, regnode_charclass,
5312 regnode_charclass_class
5316 =item PROCESS OVERVIEW
5330 =item UNICODE and Localization Support
5342 =head2 perlapi - autogenerated documentation for the perl public API
5347 X<Perl API> X<API> X<api>
5349 =item "Gimme" Values
5351 GIMME X<GIMME>, GIMME_V X<GIMME_V>, G_ARRAY X<G_ARRAY>, G_DISCARD
5352 X<G_DISCARD>, G_EVAL X<G_EVAL>, G_NOARGS X<G_NOARGS>, G_SCALAR X<G_SCALAR>,
5355 =item Array Manipulation Functions
5357 AvFILL X<AvFILL>, av_clear X<av_clear>, av_delete X<av_delete>, av_exists
5358 X<av_exists>, av_extend X<av_extend>, av_fetch X<av_fetch>, av_fill
5359 X<av_fill>, av_len X<av_len>, av_make X<av_make>, av_pop X<av_pop>, av_push
5360 X<av_push>, av_shift X<av_shift>, av_store X<av_store>, av_undef
5361 X<av_undef>, av_unshift X<av_unshift>, get_av X<get_av>, newAV X<newAV>,
5362 sortsv X<sortsv>, sortsv_flags X<sortsv_flags>
5364 =item Callback Functions
5366 call_argv X<call_argv>, call_method X<call_method>, call_pv X<call_pv>,
5367 call_sv X<call_sv>, ENTER X<ENTER>, eval_pv X<eval_pv>, eval_sv X<eval_sv>,
5368 FREETMPS X<FREETMPS>, LEAVE X<LEAVE>, SAVETMPS X<SAVETMPS>
5370 =item Character classes
5372 isALNUM X<isALNUM>, isALPHA X<isALPHA>, isDIGIT X<isDIGIT>, isLOWER
5373 X<isLOWER>, isSPACE X<isSPACE>, isUPPER X<isUPPER>, toLOWER X<toLOWER>,
5376 =item Cloning an interpreter
5378 perl_clone X<perl_clone>
5380 =item CV Manipulation Functions
5382 CvSTASH X<CvSTASH>, get_cv X<get_cv>
5384 =item Embedding Functions
5386 cv_undef X<cv_undef>, load_module X<load_module>, nothreadhook
5387 X<nothreadhook>, perl_alloc X<perl_alloc>, perl_construct
5388 X<perl_construct>, perl_destruct X<perl_destruct>, perl_free X<perl_free>,
5389 perl_parse X<perl_parse>, perl_run X<perl_run>, require_pv X<require_pv>
5391 =item Functions in file mathoms.c
5393 gv_fetchmethod X<gv_fetchmethod>, pack_cat X<pack_cat>, sv_2pvbyte_nolen
5394 X<sv_2pvbyte_nolen>, sv_2pvutf8_nolen X<sv_2pvutf8_nolen>, sv_2pv_nolen
5395 X<sv_2pv_nolen>, sv_catpvn_mg X<sv_catpvn_mg>, sv_catsv_mg X<sv_catsv_mg>,
5396 sv_force_normal X<sv_force_normal>, sv_iv X<sv_iv>, sv_nolocking
5397 X<sv_nolocking>, sv_nounlocking X<sv_nounlocking>, sv_nv X<sv_nv>, sv_pv
5398 X<sv_pv>, sv_pvbyte X<sv_pvbyte>, sv_pvbyten X<sv_pvbyten>, sv_pvn
5399 X<sv_pvn>, sv_pvutf8 X<sv_pvutf8>, sv_pvutf8n X<sv_pvutf8n>, sv_taint
5400 X<sv_taint>, sv_unref X<sv_unref>, sv_usepvn X<sv_usepvn>, sv_usepvn_mg
5401 X<sv_usepvn_mg>, sv_uv X<sv_uv>, unpack_str X<unpack_str>
5403 =item Functions in file pp_pack.c
5405 packlist X<packlist>, unpackstring X<unpackstring>
5407 =item Global Variables
5409 PL_modglobal X<PL_modglobal>, PL_na X<PL_na>, PL_sv_no X<PL_sv_no>,
5410 PL_sv_undef X<PL_sv_undef>, PL_sv_yes X<PL_sv_yes>
5414 GvSV X<GvSV>, gv_const_sv X<gv_const_sv>, gv_fetchmeth X<gv_fetchmeth>,
5415 gv_fetchmethod_autoload X<gv_fetchmethod_autoload>, gv_fetchmeth_autoload
5416 X<gv_fetchmeth_autoload>, gv_stashpv X<gv_stashpv>, gv_stashpvn
5417 X<gv_stashpvn>, gv_stashpvs X<gv_stashpvs>, gv_stashsv X<gv_stashsv>
5421 Nullav X<Nullav>, Nullch X<Nullch>, Nullcv X<Nullcv>, Nullhv X<Nullhv>,
5424 =item Hash Manipulation Functions
5426 get_hv X<get_hv>, HEf_SVKEY X<HEf_SVKEY>, HeHASH X<HeHASH>, HeKEY X<HeKEY>,
5427 HeKLEN X<HeKLEN>, HePV X<HePV>, HeSVKEY X<HeSVKEY>, HeSVKEY_force
5428 X<HeSVKEY_force>, HeSVKEY_set X<HeSVKEY_set>, HeVAL X<HeVAL>, HvNAME
5429 X<HvNAME>, hv_assert X<hv_assert>, hv_clear X<hv_clear>,
5430 hv_clear_placeholders X<hv_clear_placeholders>, hv_delete X<hv_delete>,
5431 hv_delete_ent X<hv_delete_ent>, hv_exists X<hv_exists>, hv_exists_ent
5432 X<hv_exists_ent>, hv_fetch X<hv_fetch>, hv_fetchs X<hv_fetchs>,
5433 hv_fetch_ent X<hv_fetch_ent>, hv_iterinit X<hv_iterinit>, hv_iterkey
5434 X<hv_iterkey>, hv_iterkeysv X<hv_iterkeysv>, hv_iternext X<hv_iternext>,
5435 hv_iternextsv X<hv_iternextsv>, hv_iternext_flags X<hv_iternext_flags>,
5436 hv_iterval X<hv_iterval>, hv_magic X<hv_magic>, hv_scalar X<hv_scalar>,
5437 hv_store X<hv_store>, hv_stores X<hv_stores>, hv_store_ent X<hv_store_ent>,
5438 hv_undef X<hv_undef>, newHV X<newHV>
5440 =item Magical Functions
5442 mg_clear X<mg_clear>, mg_copy X<mg_copy>, mg_find X<mg_find>, mg_free
5443 X<mg_free>, mg_get X<mg_get>, mg_length X<mg_length>, mg_magical
5444 X<mg_magical>, mg_set X<mg_set>, SvGETMAGIC X<SvGETMAGIC>, SvLOCK
5445 X<SvLOCK>, SvSETMAGIC X<SvSETMAGIC>, SvSetMagicSV X<SvSetMagicSV>,
5446 SvSetMagicSV_nosteal X<SvSetMagicSV_nosteal>, SvSetSV X<SvSetSV>,
5447 SvSetSV_nosteal X<SvSetSV_nosteal>, SvSHARE X<SvSHARE>, SvUNLOCK
5450 =item Memory Management
5452 Copy X<Copy>, CopyD X<CopyD>, Move X<Move>, MoveD X<MoveD>, Newx X<Newx>,
5453 Newxc X<Newxc>, Newxz X<Newxz>, Poison X<Poison>, PoisonFree X<PoisonFree>,
5454 PoisonNew X<PoisonNew>, PoisonWith X<PoisonWith>, Renew X<Renew>, Renewc
5455 X<Renewc>, Safefree X<Safefree>, savepv X<savepv>, savepvn X<savepvn>,
5456 savepvs X<savepvs>, savesharedpv X<savesharedpv>, savesvpv X<savesvpv>,
5457 StructCopy X<StructCopy>, Zero X<Zero>, ZeroD X<ZeroD>
5459 =item Miscellaneous Functions
5461 fbm_compile X<fbm_compile>, fbm_instr X<fbm_instr>, form X<form>, getcwd_sv
5462 X<getcwd_sv>, my_snprintf X<my_snprintf>, my_sprintf X<my_sprintf>,
5463 my_vsnprintf X<my_vsnprintf>, new_version X<new_version>, scan_version
5464 X<scan_version>, strEQ X<strEQ>, strGE X<strGE>, strGT X<strGT>, strLE
5465 X<strLE>, strLT X<strLT>, strNE X<strNE>, strnEQ X<strnEQ>, strnNE
5466 X<strnNE>, sv_nosharing X<sv_nosharing>, upg_version X<upg_version>, vcmp
5467 X<vcmp>, vnormal X<vnormal>, vnumify X<vnumify>, vstringify X<vstringify>,
5470 =item Multicall Functions
5472 dMULTICALL X<dMULTICALL>, MULTICALL X<MULTICALL>, POP_MULTICALL
5473 X<POP_MULTICALL>, PUSH_MULTICALL X<PUSH_MULTICALL>
5475 =item Numeric functions
5477 grok_bin X<grok_bin>, grok_hex X<grok_hex>, grok_number X<grok_number>,
5478 grok_numeric_radix X<grok_numeric_radix>, grok_oct X<grok_oct>, scan_bin
5479 X<scan_bin>, scan_hex X<scan_hex>, scan_oct X<scan_oct>
5481 =item Optree Manipulation Functions
5483 cv_const_sv X<cv_const_sv>, newCONSTSUB X<newCONSTSUB>, newXS X<newXS>
5485 =item Pad Data Structures
5489 =item Simple Exception Handling Macros
5491 dXCPT X<dXCPT>, XCPT_CATCH X<XCPT_CATCH>, XCPT_RETHROW X<XCPT_RETHROW>,
5492 XCPT_TRY_END X<XCPT_TRY_END>, XCPT_TRY_START X<XCPT_TRY_START>
5494 =item Stack Manipulation Macros
5496 dMARK X<dMARK>, dORIGMARK X<dORIGMARK>, dSP X<dSP>, EXTEND X<EXTEND>, MARK
5497 X<MARK>, mPUSHi X<mPUSHi>, mPUSHn X<mPUSHn>, mPUSHp X<mPUSHp>, mPUSHu
5498 X<mPUSHu>, mXPUSHi X<mXPUSHi>, mXPUSHn X<mXPUSHn>, mXPUSHp X<mXPUSHp>,
5499 mXPUSHu X<mXPUSHu>, ORIGMARK X<ORIGMARK>, POPi X<POPi>, POPl X<POPl>, POPn
5500 X<POPn>, POPp X<POPp>, POPpbytex X<POPpbytex>, POPpx X<POPpx>, POPs
5501 X<POPs>, PUSHi X<PUSHi>, PUSHMARK X<PUSHMARK>, PUSHmortal X<PUSHmortal>,
5502 PUSHn X<PUSHn>, PUSHp X<PUSHp>, PUSHs X<PUSHs>, PUSHu X<PUSHu>, PUTBACK
5503 X<PUTBACK>, SP X<SP>, SPAGAIN X<SPAGAIN>, XPUSHi X<XPUSHi>, XPUSHmortal
5504 X<XPUSHmortal>, XPUSHn X<XPUSHn>, XPUSHp X<XPUSHp>, XPUSHs X<XPUSHs>,
5505 XPUSHu X<XPUSHu>, XSRETURN X<XSRETURN>, XSRETURN_EMPTY X<XSRETURN_EMPTY>,
5506 XSRETURN_IV X<XSRETURN_IV>, XSRETURN_NO X<XSRETURN_NO>, XSRETURN_NV
5507 X<XSRETURN_NV>, XSRETURN_PV X<XSRETURN_PV>, XSRETURN_UNDEF
5508 X<XSRETURN_UNDEF>, XSRETURN_UV X<XSRETURN_UV>, XSRETURN_YES
5509 X<XSRETURN_YES>, XST_mIV X<XST_mIV>, XST_mNO X<XST_mNO>, XST_mNV
5510 X<XST_mNV>, XST_mPV X<XST_mPV>, XST_mUNDEF X<XST_mUNDEF>, XST_mYES
5515 svtype X<svtype>, SVt_IV X<SVt_IV>, SVt_NV X<SVt_NV>, SVt_PV X<SVt_PV>,
5516 SVt_PVAV X<SVt_PVAV>, SVt_PVCV X<SVt_PVCV>, SVt_PVHV X<SVt_PVHV>, SVt_PVMG
5519 =item SV Manipulation Functions
5521 get_sv X<get_sv>, newRV_inc X<newRV_inc>, SvCUR X<SvCUR>, SvCUR_set
5522 X<SvCUR_set>, SvEND X<SvEND>, SvGAMAGIC X<SvGAMAGIC>, SvGROW X<SvGROW>,
5523 SvIOK X<SvIOK>, SvIOKp X<SvIOKp>, SvIOK_notUV X<SvIOK_notUV>, SvIOK_off
5524 X<SvIOK_off>, SvIOK_on X<SvIOK_on>, SvIOK_only X<SvIOK_only>, SvIOK_only_UV
5525 X<SvIOK_only_UV>, SvIOK_UV X<SvIOK_UV>, SvIsCOW X<SvIsCOW>,
5526 SvIsCOW_shared_hash X<SvIsCOW_shared_hash>, SvIV X<SvIV>, SvIVX X<SvIVX>,
5527 SvIVx X<SvIVx>, SvIV_nomg X<SvIV_nomg>, SvIV_set X<SvIV_set>, SvLEN
5528 X<SvLEN>, SvLEN_set X<SvLEN_set>, SvMAGIC_set X<SvMAGIC_set>, SvNIOK
5529 X<SvNIOK>, SvNIOKp X<SvNIOKp>, SvNIOK_off X<SvNIOK_off>, SvNOK X<SvNOK>,
5530 SvNOKp X<SvNOKp>, SvNOK_off X<SvNOK_off>, SvNOK_on X<SvNOK_on>, SvNOK_only
5531 X<SvNOK_only>, SvNV X<SvNV>, SvNVX X<SvNVX>, SvNVx X<SvNVx>, SvNV_set
5532 X<SvNV_set>, SvOK X<SvOK>, SvOOK X<SvOOK>, SvPOK X<SvPOK>, SvPOKp
5533 X<SvPOKp>, SvPOK_off X<SvPOK_off>, SvPOK_on X<SvPOK_on>, SvPOK_only
5534 X<SvPOK_only>, SvPOK_only_UTF8 X<SvPOK_only_UTF8>, SvPV X<SvPV>, SvPVbyte
5535 X<SvPVbyte>, SvPVbytex X<SvPVbytex>, SvPVbytex_force X<SvPVbytex_force>,
5536 SvPVbyte_force X<SvPVbyte_force>, SvPVbyte_nolen X<SvPVbyte_nolen>,
5537 SvPVutf8 X<SvPVutf8>, SvPVutf8x X<SvPVutf8x>, SvPVutf8x_force
5538 X<SvPVutf8x_force>, SvPVutf8_force X<SvPVutf8_force>, SvPVutf8_nolen
5539 X<SvPVutf8_nolen>, SvPVX X<SvPVX>, SvPVx X<SvPVx>, SvPV_force
5540 X<SvPV_force>, SvPV_force_nomg X<SvPV_force_nomg>, SvPV_nolen
5541 X<SvPV_nolen>, SvPV_nomg X<SvPV_nomg>, SvPV_set X<SvPV_set>, SvREFCNT
5542 X<SvREFCNT>, SvREFCNT_dec X<SvREFCNT_dec>, SvREFCNT_inc X<SvREFCNT_inc>,
5543 SvREFCNT_inc_NN X<SvREFCNT_inc_NN>, SvREFCNT_inc_simple
5544 X<SvREFCNT_inc_simple>, SvREFCNT_inc_simple_NN X<SvREFCNT_inc_simple_NN>,
5545 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void X<SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void>,
5546 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN X<SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN>,
5547 SvREFCNT_inc_void X<SvREFCNT_inc_void>, SvREFCNT_inc_void_NN
5548 X<SvREFCNT_inc_void_NN>, SvROK X<SvROK>, SvROK_off X<SvROK_off>, SvROK_on
5549 X<SvROK_on>, SvRV X<SvRV>, SvRV_set X<SvRV_set>, SvSTASH X<SvSTASH>,
5550 SvSTASH_set X<SvSTASH_set>, SvTAINT X<SvTAINT>, SvTAINTED X<SvTAINTED>,
5551 SvTAINTED_off X<SvTAINTED_off>, SvTAINTED_on X<SvTAINTED_on>, SvTRUE
5552 X<SvTRUE>, SvTYPE X<SvTYPE>, SvUOK X<SvUOK>, SvUPGRADE X<SvUPGRADE>, SvUTF8
5553 X<SvUTF8>, SvUTF8_off X<SvUTF8_off>, SvUTF8_on X<SvUTF8_on>, SvUV X<SvUV>,
5554 SvUVX X<SvUVX>, SvUVx X<SvUVx>, SvUV_nomg X<SvUV_nomg>, SvUV_set
5555 X<SvUV_set>, SvVOK X<SvVOK>, sv_catpvn_nomg X<sv_catpvn_nomg>,
5556 sv_catsv_nomg X<sv_catsv_nomg>, sv_derived_from X<sv_derived_from>,
5557 sv_report_used X<sv_report_used>, sv_setsv_nomg X<sv_setsv_nomg>
5559 =item SV-Body Allocation
5561 looks_like_number X<looks_like_number>, newRV_noinc X<newRV_noinc>, newSV
5562 X<newSV>, newSVhek X<newSVhek>, newSViv X<newSViv>, newSVnv X<newSVnv>,
5563 newSVpv X<newSVpv>, newSVpvf X<newSVpvf>, newSVpvn X<newSVpvn>,
5564 newSVpvn_share X<newSVpvn_share>, newSVpvs X<newSVpvs>, newSVpvs_share
5565 X<newSVpvs_share>, newSVrv X<newSVrv>, newSVsv X<newSVsv>, newSVuv
5566 X<newSVuv>, sv_2bool X<sv_2bool>, sv_2cv X<sv_2cv>, sv_2io X<sv_2io>,
5567 sv_2iv_flags X<sv_2iv_flags>, sv_2mortal X<sv_2mortal>, sv_2nv X<sv_2nv>,
5568 sv_2pvbyte X<sv_2pvbyte>, sv_2pvutf8 X<sv_2pvutf8>, sv_2pv_flags
5569 X<sv_2pv_flags>, sv_2uv_flags X<sv_2uv_flags>, sv_backoff X<sv_backoff>,
5570 sv_bless X<sv_bless>, sv_catpv X<sv_catpv>, sv_catpvf X<sv_catpvf>,
5571 sv_catpvf_mg X<sv_catpvf_mg>, sv_catpvn X<sv_catpvn>, sv_catpvn_flags
5572 X<sv_catpvn_flags>, sv_catpvs X<sv_catpvs>, sv_catpv_mg X<sv_catpv_mg>,
5573 sv_catsv X<sv_catsv>, sv_catsv_flags X<sv_catsv_flags>, sv_chop X<sv_chop>,
5574 sv_clear X<sv_clear>, sv_cmp X<sv_cmp>, sv_cmp_locale X<sv_cmp_locale>,
5575 sv_collxfrm X<sv_collxfrm>, sv_copypv X<sv_copypv>, sv_dec X<sv_dec>, sv_eq
5576 X<sv_eq>, sv_force_normal_flags X<sv_force_normal_flags>, sv_free
5577 X<sv_free>, sv_gets X<sv_gets>, sv_grow X<sv_grow>, sv_inc X<sv_inc>,
5578 sv_insert X<sv_insert>, sv_isa X<sv_isa>, sv_isobject X<sv_isobject>,
5579 sv_len X<sv_len>, sv_len_utf8 X<sv_len_utf8>, sv_magic X<sv_magic>,
5580 sv_magicext X<sv_magicext>, sv_mortalcopy X<sv_mortalcopy>, sv_newmortal
5581 X<sv_newmortal>, sv_newref X<sv_newref>, sv_pos_b2u X<sv_pos_b2u>,
5582 sv_pos_u2b X<sv_pos_u2b>, sv_pvbyten_force X<sv_pvbyten_force>,
5583 sv_pvn_force X<sv_pvn_force>, sv_pvn_force_flags X<sv_pvn_force_flags>,
5584 sv_pvutf8n_force X<sv_pvutf8n_force>, sv_reftype X<sv_reftype>, sv_replace
5585 X<sv_replace>, sv_reset X<sv_reset>, sv_rvweaken X<sv_rvweaken>, sv_setiv
5586 X<sv_setiv>, sv_setiv_mg X<sv_setiv_mg>, sv_setnv X<sv_setnv>, sv_setnv_mg
5587 X<sv_setnv_mg>, sv_setpv X<sv_setpv>, sv_setpvf X<sv_setpvf>, sv_setpvf_mg
5588 X<sv_setpvf_mg>, sv_setpviv X<sv_setpviv>, sv_setpviv_mg X<sv_setpviv_mg>,
5589 sv_setpvn X<sv_setpvn>, sv_setpvn_mg X<sv_setpvn_mg>, sv_setpvs
5590 X<sv_setpvs>, sv_setpv_mg X<sv_setpv_mg>, sv_setref_iv X<sv_setref_iv>,
5591 sv_setref_nv X<sv_setref_nv>, sv_setref_pv X<sv_setref_pv>, sv_setref_pvn
5592 X<sv_setref_pvn>, sv_setref_uv X<sv_setref_uv>, sv_setsv X<sv_setsv>,
5593 sv_setsv_flags X<sv_setsv_flags>, sv_setsv_mg X<sv_setsv_mg>, sv_setuv
5594 X<sv_setuv>, sv_setuv_mg X<sv_setuv_mg>, sv_tainted X<sv_tainted>, sv_true
5595 X<sv_true>, sv_unmagic X<sv_unmagic>, sv_unref_flags X<sv_unref_flags>,
5596 sv_untaint X<sv_untaint>, sv_upgrade X<sv_upgrade>, sv_usepvn_flags
5597 X<sv_usepvn_flags>, sv_utf8_decode X<sv_utf8_decode>, sv_utf8_downgrade
5598 X<sv_utf8_downgrade>, sv_utf8_encode X<sv_utf8_encode>, sv_utf8_upgrade
5599 X<sv_utf8_upgrade>, sv_utf8_upgrade_flags X<sv_utf8_upgrade_flags>,
5600 sv_vcatpvf X<sv_vcatpvf>, sv_vcatpvfn X<sv_vcatpvfn>, sv_vcatpvf_mg
5601 X<sv_vcatpvf_mg>, sv_vsetpvf X<sv_vsetpvf>, sv_vsetpvfn X<sv_vsetpvfn>,
5602 sv_vsetpvf_mg X<sv_vsetpvf_mg>
5604 =item Unicode Support
5606 bytes_from_utf8 X<bytes_from_utf8>, bytes_to_utf8 X<bytes_to_utf8>,
5607 ibcmp_utf8 X<ibcmp_utf8>, is_utf8_char X<is_utf8_char>, is_utf8_string
5608 X<is_utf8_string>, is_utf8_string_loc X<is_utf8_string_loc>,
5609 is_utf8_string_loclen X<is_utf8_string_loclen>, pv_uni_display
5610 X<pv_uni_display>, sv_cat_decode X<sv_cat_decode>, sv_recode_to_utf8
5611 X<sv_recode_to_utf8>, sv_uni_display X<sv_uni_display>, to_utf8_case
5612 X<to_utf8_case>, to_utf8_fold X<to_utf8_fold>, to_utf8_lower
5613 X<to_utf8_lower>, to_utf8_title X<to_utf8_title>, to_utf8_upper
5614 X<to_utf8_upper>, utf8n_to_uvchr X<utf8n_to_uvchr>, utf8n_to_uvuni
5615 X<utf8n_to_uvuni>, utf8_distance X<utf8_distance>, utf8_hop X<utf8_hop>,
5616 utf8_length X<utf8_length>, utf8_to_bytes X<utf8_to_bytes>, utf8_to_uvchr
5617 X<utf8_to_uvchr>, utf8_to_uvuni X<utf8_to_uvuni>, uvchr_to_utf8
5618 X<uvchr_to_utf8>, uvuni_to_utf8_flags X<uvuni_to_utf8_flags>
5620 =item Variables created by C<xsubpp> and C<xsubpp> internal functions
5622 ax X<ax>, CLASS X<CLASS>, dAX X<dAX>, dAXMARK X<dAXMARK>, dITEMS X<dITEMS>,
5623 dUNDERBAR X<dUNDERBAR>, dXSARGS X<dXSARGS>, dXSI32 X<dXSI32>, items
5624 X<items>, ix X<ix>, newXSproto X<newXSproto>, RETVAL X<RETVAL>, ST X<ST>,
5625 THIS X<THIS>, UNDERBAR X<UNDERBAR>, XS X<XS>, XS_VERSION X<XS_VERSION>,
5626 XS_VERSION_BOOTCHECK X<XS_VERSION_BOOTCHECK>
5628 =item Warning and Dieing
5630 croak X<croak>, warn X<warn>
5638 =head2 perlintern - autogenerated documentation of purely B<internal>
5644 X<internal Perl functions> X<interpreter functions>
5646 =item CV reference counts and CvOUTSIDE
5648 CvWEAKOUTSIDE X<CvWEAKOUTSIDE>
5650 =item Functions in file pad.h
5652 CX_CURPAD_SAVE X<CX_CURPAD_SAVE>, CX_CURPAD_SV X<CX_CURPAD_SV>, PAD_BASE_SV
5653 X<PAD_BASE_SV>, PAD_CLONE_VARS X<PAD_CLONE_VARS>, PAD_COMPNAME_FLAGS
5654 X<PAD_COMPNAME_FLAGS>, PAD_COMPNAME_GEN X<PAD_COMPNAME_GEN>,
5655 PAD_COMPNAME_GEN_set X<PAD_COMPNAME_GEN_set>, PAD_COMPNAME_OURSTASH
5656 X<PAD_COMPNAME_OURSTASH>, PAD_COMPNAME_PV X<PAD_COMPNAME_PV>,
5657 PAD_COMPNAME_TYPE X<PAD_COMPNAME_TYPE>, PAD_DUP X<PAD_DUP>,
5658 PAD_RESTORE_LOCAL X<PAD_RESTORE_LOCAL>, PAD_SAVE_LOCAL X<PAD_SAVE_LOCAL>,
5659 PAD_SAVE_SETNULLPAD X<PAD_SAVE_SETNULLPAD>, PAD_SETSV X<PAD_SETSV>,
5660 PAD_SET_CUR X<PAD_SET_CUR>, PAD_SET_CUR_NOSAVE X<PAD_SET_CUR_NOSAVE>,
5661 PAD_SV X<PAD_SV>, PAD_SVl X<PAD_SVl>, SAVECLEARSV X<SAVECLEARSV>,
5662 SAVECOMPPAD X<SAVECOMPPAD>, SAVEPADSV X<SAVEPADSV>
5664 =item Functions in file pp_ctl.c
5666 find_runcv X<find_runcv>
5668 =item Global Variables
5670 PL_DBsingle X<PL_DBsingle>, PL_DBsub X<PL_DBsub>, PL_DBtrace X<PL_DBtrace>,
5671 PL_dowarn X<PL_dowarn>, PL_last_in_gv X<PL_last_in_gv>, PL_ofs_sv
5672 X<PL_ofs_sv>, PL_rs X<PL_rs>
5676 is_gv_magical X<is_gv_magical>, is_gv_magical_sv X<is_gv_magical_sv>
5678 =item Hash Manipulation Functions
5680 refcounted_he_chain_2hv X<refcounted_he_chain_2hv>, refcounted_he_free
5681 X<refcounted_he_free>, refcounted_he_new X<refcounted_he_new>
5685 start_glob X<start_glob>
5687 =item Magical Functions
5689 magic_sethint X<magic_sethint>, mg_localize X<mg_localize>
5691 =item Pad Data Structures
5693 CvPADLIST X<CvPADLIST>, cv_clone X<cv_clone>, cv_dump X<cv_dump>,
5694 do_dump_pad X<do_dump_pad>, intro_my X<intro_my>, pad_add_anon
5695 X<pad_add_anon>, pad_add_name X<pad_add_name>, pad_alloc X<pad_alloc>,
5696 pad_block_start X<pad_block_start>, pad_check_dup X<pad_check_dup>,
5697 pad_findlex X<pad_findlex>, pad_findmy X<pad_findmy>, pad_fixup_inner_anons
5698 X<pad_fixup_inner_anons>, pad_free X<pad_free>, pad_leavemy X<pad_leavemy>,
5699 pad_new X<pad_new>, pad_push X<pad_push>, pad_reset X<pad_reset>, pad_setsv
5700 X<pad_setsv>, pad_swipe X<pad_swipe>, pad_tidy X<pad_tidy>, pad_undef
5703 =item Stack Manipulation Macros
5705 djSP X<djSP>, LVRET X<LVRET>
5707 =item SV Manipulation Functions
5709 sv_add_arena X<sv_add_arena>, sv_clean_all X<sv_clean_all>, sv_clean_objs
5710 X<sv_clean_objs>, sv_free_arenas X<sv_free_arenas>
5712 =item Unicode Support
5714 find_uninit_var X<find_uninit_var>, report_uninit X<report_uninit>
5722 =head2 perliol - C API for Perl's implementation of IO in Layers.
5732 =item History and Background
5734 =item Basic Structure
5736 =item Layers vs Disciplines
5738 =item Data Structures
5740 =item Functions and Attributes
5742 =item Per-instance Data
5744 =item Layers in action.
5746 =item Per-instance flag bits
5748 PERLIO_F_EOF, PERLIO_F_CANWRITE, PERLIO_F_CANREAD, PERLIO_F_ERROR,
5749 PERLIO_F_TRUNCATE, PERLIO_F_APPEND, PERLIO_F_CRLF, PERLIO_F_UTF8,
5750 PERLIO_F_UNBUF, PERLIO_F_WRBUF, PERLIO_F_RDBUF, PERLIO_F_LINEBUF,
5751 PERLIO_F_TEMP, PERLIO_F_OPEN, PERLIO_F_FASTGETS
5753 =item Methods in Detail
5755 fsize, name, size, kind, PERLIO_K_BUFFERED, PERLIO_K_RAW, PERLIO_K_CANCRLF,
5756 PERLIO_K_FASTGETS, PERLIO_K_MULTIARG, Pushed, Popped, Open, Binmode,
5757 Getarg, Fileno, Dup, Read, Write, Seek, Tell, Close, Flush, Fill, Eof,
5758 Error, Clearerr, Setlinebuf, Get_base, Get_bufsiz, Get_ptr, Get_cnt,
5763 =item Implementing PerlIO Layers
5765 C implementations, Perl implementations
5769 "unix", "perlio", "stdio", "crlf", "mmap", "pending", "raw", "utf8"
5771 =item Extension Layers
5773 ":encoding", ":scalar", ":via"
5781 =head2 perlapio - perl's IO abstraction interface.
5789 1. USE_STDIO, 2. USE_SFIO, 3. USE_PERLIO, B<PerlIO_stdin()>,
5790 B<PerlIO_stdout()>, B<PerlIO_stderr()>, B<PerlIO_open(path, mode)>,
5791 B<PerlIO_fdopen(fd,mode)>, B<PerlIO_reopen(path,mode,f)>,
5792 B<PerlIO_printf(f,fmt,...)>, B<PerlIO_vprintf(f,fmt,a)>,
5793 B<PerlIO_stdoutf(fmt,...)>, B<PerlIO_read(f,buf,count)>,
5794 B<PerlIO_write(f,buf,count)>, B<PerlIO_close(f)>, B<PerlIO_puts(f,s)>,
5795 B<PerlIO_putc(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_ungetc(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_getc(f)>,
5796 B<PerlIO_eof(f)>, B<PerlIO_error(f)>, B<PerlIO_fileno(f)>,
5797 B<PerlIO_clearerr(f)>, B<PerlIO_flush(f)>, B<PerlIO_seek(f,offset,whence)>,
5798 B<PerlIO_tell(f)>, B<PerlIO_getpos(f,p)>, B<PerlIO_setpos(f,p)>,
5799 B<PerlIO_rewind(f)>, B<PerlIO_tmpfile()>, B<PerlIO_setlinebuf(f)>
5803 =item Co-existence with stdio
5805 B<PerlIO_importFILE(f,mode)>, B<PerlIO_exportFILE(f,mode)>,
5806 B<PerlIO_releaseFILE(p,f)>, B<PerlIO_findFILE(f)>
5808 =item "Fast gets" Functions
5810 B<PerlIO_fast_gets(f)>, B<PerlIO_has_cntptr(f)>, B<PerlIO_get_cnt(f)>,
5811 B<PerlIO_get_ptr(f)>, B<PerlIO_set_ptrcnt(f,p,c)>, B<PerlIO_canset_cnt(f)>,
5812 B<PerlIO_set_cnt(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_has_base(f)>, B<PerlIO_get_base(f)>,
5813 B<PerlIO_get_bufsiz(f)>
5815 =item Other Functions
5817 PerlIO_apply_layers(f,mode,layers), PerlIO_binmode(f,ptype,imode,layers),
5818 'E<lt>' read, 'E<gt>' write, '+' read/write, PerlIO_debug(fmt,...)
5824 =head2 perlhack - How to hack at the Perl internals
5830 Does concept match the general goals of Perl?, Where is the
5831 implementation?, Backwards compatibility, Could it be a module instead?, Is
5832 the feature generic enough?, Does it potentially introduce new bugs?, Does
5833 it preclude other desirable features?, Is the implementation robust?, Is
5834 the implementation generic enough to be portable?, Is the implementation
5835 tested?, Is there enough documentation?, Is there another way to do it?,
5836 Does it create too much work?, Patches speak louder than words
5840 =item Keeping in sync
5842 rsync'ing the source tree, Using rsync over the LAN, Using pushing over the
5843 NFS, rsync'ing the patches
5845 =item Why rsync the source tree
5847 It's easier to rsync the source tree, It's more reliable
5849 =item Why rsync the patches
5851 It's easier to rsync the patches, It's a good reference, Finding a start
5852 point, Finding how to fix a bug, Finding the source of misbehaviour
5854 =item Working with the source
5856 =item Perlbug administration
5858 =item Submitting patches
5860 L<perlguts>, L<perlxstut> and L<perlxs>, L<perlapi>,
5861 F<Porting/pumpkin.pod>, The perl5-porters FAQ
5863 =item Finding Your Way Around
5865 Core modules, Tests, Documentation, Configure, Interpreter
5867 =item Elements of the interpreter
5869 Startup, Parsing, Optimization, Running, Exception handing
5871 =item Internal Variable Types
5877 Argument stack, Mark stack, Save stack
5879 =item Millions of Macros
5881 =item The .i Targets
5883 =item Poking at Perl
5885 =item Using a source-level debugger
5887 run [args], break function_name, break source.c:xxx, step, next, continue,
5888 finish, 'enter', print
5890 =item gdb macro support
5892 =item Dumping Perl Data Structures
5896 =item Patching a core module
5898 =item Adding a new function to the core
5900 =item Writing a test
5902 F<t/base/>, F<t/cmd/>, F<t/comp/>, F<t/io/>, F<t/lib/>, F<t/op/>,
5903 F<t/pod/>, F<t/run/>, F<t/uni/>, F<t/win32/>, F<t/x2p>, t/base t/comp,
5904 t/cmd t/run t/io t/op, t/lib ext lib
5906 =item Special Make Test Targets
5908 coretest, test.deparse, test.taintwarn, minitest, test.valgrind
5909 check.valgrind utest.valgrind ucheck.valgrind, test.third check.third
5910 utest.third ucheck.third, test.torture torturetest, utest ucheck test.utf8
5911 check.utf8, minitest.utf16 test.utf16, test_harness, test-notty test_notty
5913 =item Running tests by hand
5915 -v, -torture, -re=PATTERN, -re LIST OF PATTERNS, PERL_CORE=1,
5916 PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL=2, PERL, PERL_SKIP_TTY_TEST
5920 =item EXTERNAL TOOLS FOR DEBUGGING PERL
5924 =item Rational Software's Purify
5926 =item Purify on Unix
5928 -Accflags=-DPURIFY, -Doptimize='-g', -Uusemymalloc, -Dusemultiplicity
5932 DEFINES, USE_MULTI = define, #PERL_MALLOC = define, CFG = Debug
5936 =item Compaq's/Digital's/HP's Third Degree
5938 =item PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL
5944 =item Gprof Profiling
5946 -a, -b, -e routine, -f routine, -s, -z
5948 =item GCC gcov Profiling
5950 =item Pixie Profiling
5952 -h, -l, -p[rocedures], -h[eavy], -i[nvocations], -l[ines], -testcoverage,
5955 =item Miscellaneous tricks
5959 I<The Road goes ever on and on, down from the door where it began.>
5967 =head2 perlbook - Perl book information
5975 =head2 perltodo - Perl TO-DO List
5981 =item The roadmap to 5.10
5985 =item Needed for a 5.9.4 release
5987 =item Needed for a 5.9.5 release
5989 Implement L</_ prototype character>, Implement L</state variables>
5991 =item Needed for a 5.9.6 release
5995 =item Tasks that only need Perl knowledge
5999 =item common test code for timed bail out
6001 =item POD -> HTML conversion in the core still sucks
6003 =item Parallel testing
6005 =item Make Schwern poorer
6007 =item Improve the coverage of the core tests
6011 =item A decent benchmark
6013 =item fix tainting bugs
6015 =item Dual life everything
6017 =item Improving C<threads::shared>
6019 =item POSIX memory footprint
6021 =item embed.pl/makedef.pl
6025 =item Tasks that need a little sysadmin-type knowledge
6029 =item make HTML install work
6031 =item compressed man pages
6033 =item Add a code coverage target to the Makefile
6035 =item Make Config.pm cope with differences between build and installed perl
6037 =item linker specification files
6041 =item Tasks that need a little C knowledge
6045 =item Make it clear from -v if this is the exact official release
6047 =item Ordering of "global" variables.
6049 =item Profile Perl - am I hot or not?
6051 =item Shrink struct context
6053 =item Allocate OPs from arenas
6055 =item Merge the win32 and wince codebases
6059 =item Tasks that need a knowledge of XS
6063 =item shrink C<PVBM>s
6065 =item Implicit Latin 1 => Unicode translation
6067 =item autovivification
6069 =item Unicode in Filenames
6071 =item Unicode in %ENV
6073 =item use less 'memory'
6075 =item Re-implement C<:unique> in a way that is actually thread-safe
6077 =item Make tainting consistent
6079 =item readpipe(LIST)
6083 =item Tasks that need a knowledge of the interpreter
6087 =item lexical pragmas
6089 =item Attach/detach debugger from running program
6091 =item LVALUE functions for lists
6093 =item LVALUE functions in the debugger
6095 =item _ prototype character
6097 =item state variables
6099 =item regexp optimiser optional
6103 =item optional optimizer
6105 =item You WANT *how* many
6107 =item lexical aliases
6109 =item entersub XS vs Perl
6113 =item Optimize away @_
6115 =item What hooks would assertions need?
6117 =item Properly Unicode safe tokeniser and pads.
6125 =item make ithreads more robust
6129 =item (?{...}) closures in regexps
6131 =item A re-entrant regexp engine
6137 =head2 perldoc - Look up Perl documentation in Pod format.
6147 B<-h>, B<-v>, B<-t>, B<-u>, B<-m> I<module>, B<-l>, B<-F>, B<-f>
6148 I<perlfunc>, B<-q> I<perlfaq-search-regexp>, B<-T>, B<-d>
6149 I<destination-filename>, B<-o> I<output-formatname>, B<-M> I<module-name>,
6150 B<-w> I<option:value> or B<-w> I<option>, B<-X>, B<-L> I<language_code>,
6151 B<PageName|ModuleName|ProgramName>, B<-n> I<some-formatter>, B<-r>, B<-i>,
6162 =head2 perlhist - the Perl history records
6170 =item THE KEEPERS OF THE PUMPKIN
6182 =item SELECTED RELEASE SIZES
6184 =item SELECTED PATCH SIZES
6188 =item THE KEEPERS OF THE RECORDS
6192 =head2 perldelta - what is new for perl v5.9.4
6198 =item Incompatible Changes
6206 =item Core Enhancements
6208 =item Modules and Pragmata
6210 =item Utility Changes
6214 =item Performance Enhancements
6216 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
6218 =item Selected Bug Fixes
6220 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
6222 =item Changed Internals
6224 =item Known Problems
6228 =item Platform Specific Problems
6232 =item Reporting Bugs
6238 =head2 perl594delta, perldelta - what is new for perl v5.9.4
6244 =item Incompatible Changes
6252 =item Core Enhancements
6254 =item Modules and Pragmata
6256 =item Utility Changes
6260 =item Performance Enhancements
6262 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
6264 =item Selected Bug Fixes
6266 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
6268 =item Changed Internals
6270 =item Known Problems
6274 =item Platform Specific Problems
6278 =item Reporting Bugs
6284 =head2 perl593delta, perldelta - what is new for perl v5.9.3
6290 =item Incompatible Changes
6294 =item Parsing of C<-f _>
6298 =item Magic goto and eval
6300 =item C<$#> has been removed
6304 =item Scoping of the C<sort> pragma
6308 =item Core Enhancements
6312 =item The C<feature> pragma
6314 =item Switch and Smart Match operator
6318 =item C<CLONE_SKIP()>
6320 =item C<${^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE}>
6324 =item Unicode Character Database 4.1.0
6328 =item Recursive sort subs
6330 =item Effect of pragmas in eval
6332 =item New B<-E> command-line switch
6334 =item C<chdir>, C<chmod> and C<chown> on filehandles
6340 =item Modules and Pragmata
6344 =item New Core Modules
6348 =item Utility Changes
6358 =item C<h2xs> enhancements
6360 =item C<perlivp> enhancements
6372 =item Performance Enhancements
6376 =item XS-assisted SWASHGET
6378 =item Constant subroutines
6380 =item C<PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV>
6382 =item Weak references are cheaper
6384 =item sort() enhancements
6388 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
6392 =item Compilation improvements
6394 =item New Or Improved Platforms
6398 =item Module auxiliary files
6402 =item Selected Bug Fixes
6406 =item C<defined $$x>
6408 =item Calling CORE::require()
6410 =item Subscripts of slices
6412 =item Remove over-optimisation
6414 =item sprintf() fixes
6416 =item no warnings 'category' works correctly with -w
6420 =item More Unicode Fixes
6424 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
6428 =item Attempt to set length of freed array
6430 =item Non-string passed as bitmask
6432 =item Search pattern not terminated or ternary operator parsed as search
6435 =item "%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration
6437 =item readdir()/closedir()/etc. attempted on invalid dirhandle
6441 =item Changed Internals
6445 =item B:: modules inheritance changed
6449 =item Reporting Bugs
6455 =head2 perl592delta, perldelta - what is new for perl v5.9.2
6461 =item Incompatible Changes
6465 =item Packing and UTF-8 strings
6471 =item Core Enhancements
6475 =item Malloc wrapping
6477 =item Unicode Character Database 4.0.1
6479 =item suidperl less insecure
6485 =item Unicode Character Classes
6487 =item Byte-order modifiers for pack() and unpack()
6489 =item Byte count feature in pack()
6495 =item Modules and Pragmata
6501 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
6503 B::Concise, Socket, Sys::Syslog, threads
6507 =item Utility Changes
6509 =item Performance Enhancements
6511 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
6513 =item Selected Bug Fixes
6515 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
6517 =item Changed Internals
6519 =item Known Problems
6521 =item Plans for the next release
6523 =item Reporting Bugs
6529 =head2 perl591delta, perldelta - what is new for perl v5.9.1
6535 =item Incompatible Changes
6539 =item substr() lvalues are no longer fixed-length
6541 =item The C<:unique> attribute is only meaningful for globals
6545 =item Core Enhancements
6551 =item Tied hashes in scalar context
6555 =item Stacked filetest operators
6559 =item Modules and Pragmata
6561 Benchmark, Carp, Exporter, FindBin, List::Util, threads::shared
6563 =item Utility Changes
6567 =item Performance Enhancements
6569 =item Selected Bug Fixes
6575 =item Threading bugs
6581 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
6583 =item Changed Internals
6587 =item Reordering of SVt_* constants
6589 =item Removal of CPP symbols
6591 =item Less space is used by ops
6597 =item Configuration and Building
6599 =item Known Problems
6603 =item Platform Specific Problems
6607 =item To-do for perl 5.10.0
6609 =item Reporting Bugs
6615 =head2 perl590delta, perldelta - what is new for perl v5.9.0
6621 =item Incompatible Changes
6625 =item Hash Randomisation
6627 =item UTF-8 On Filehandles No Longer Activated By Locale
6629 =item Single-number v-strings are no longer v-strings before "=>"
6631 =item (Win32) The -C Switch Has Been Repurposed
6633 =item (Win32) The /d Switch Of cmd.exe
6635 =item The C<$*> variable has been removed
6639 =item Core Enhancements
6645 =item Defined-or operators
6647 =item UTF-8 no longer default under UTF-8 locales
6649 =item Unsafe signals again available
6651 =item Tied Arrays with Negative Array Indices
6655 =item Unicode Character Database 4.0.0
6657 =item Miscellaneous Enhancements
6661 =item Modules and Pragmata
6665 =item Updated Modules And Pragmata
6667 base, B::Bytecode, B::Concise, B::Deparse, Benchmark, ByteLoader, bytes,
6668 CGI, charnames, CPAN, Data::Dumper, DB_File, Devel::PPPort, Digest::MD5,
6669 Encode, fields, libnet, Math::BigInt, MIME::Base64, NEXT, Net::Ping,
6670 PerlIO::scalar, podlators, Pod::LaTeX, PodParsers, Pod::Perldoc,
6671 Scalar::Util, Storable, strict, Term::ANSIcolor, Test::Harness, Test::More,
6672 Test::Simple, Text::Balanced, Time::HiRes, threads, threads::shared,
6673 Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Normalize, Win32::GetFolderPath,
6678 =item Utility Changes
6680 =item New Documentation
6682 =item Performance Enhancements
6684 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
6688 =item Platform-specific enhancements
6692 =item Selected Bug Fixes
6696 =item Closures, eval and lexicals
6700 =item Platform-specific fixes
6704 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
6708 =item Changed "A thread exited while %d threads were running"
6710 =item Removed "Attempt to clear a restricted hash"
6712 =item New "Illegal declaration of anonymous subroutine"
6714 =item Changed "Invalid range "%s" in transliteration operator"
6716 =item New "Missing control char name in \c"
6718 =item New "Newline in left-justified string for %s"
6720 =item New "Possible precedence problem on bitwise %c operator"
6722 =item New "read() on %s filehandle %s"
6724 =item New "Tied variable freed while still in use"
6726 =item New "To%s: illegal mapping '%s'"
6728 =item New "Use of freed value in iteration"
6732 =item Changed Internals
6736 =item Known Problems
6740 =item Tied hashes in scalar context
6742 =item Net::Ping 450_service and 510_ping_udp failures
6748 =item Platform Specific Problems
6752 =item EBCDIC Platforms
6754 =item Cygwin 1.5 problems
6756 =item HP-UX: HP cc warnings about sendfile and sendpath
6758 =item IRIX: t/uni/tr_7jis.t falsely failing
6760 =item Mac OS X: no usemymalloc
6762 =item Tru64: No threaded builds with GNU cc (gcc)
6764 =item Win32: sysopen, sysread, syswrite
6770 =item Reporting Bugs
6776 =head2 perl588delta, perldelta - what is new for perl v5.8.8
6782 =item Incompatible Changes
6784 =item Core Enhancements
6786 =item Modules and Pragmata
6788 =item Utility Changes
6792 =item C<h2xs> enhancements
6794 =item C<perlivp> enhancements
6798 =item New Documentation
6800 =item Performance Enhancements
6802 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
6804 =item Selected Bug Fixes
6808 =item no warnings 'category' works correctly with -w
6810 =item Remove over-optimisation
6812 =item sprintf() fixes
6814 =item Debugger and Unicode slowdown
6820 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
6824 =item Attempt to set length of freed array
6826 =item Non-string passed as bitmask
6828 =item Search pattern not terminated or ternary operator parsed as search
6833 =item Changed Internals
6835 =item Platform Specific Problems
6837 =item Reporting Bugs
6843 =head2 perl587delta, perldelta - what is new for perl v5.8.7
6849 =item Incompatible Changes
6851 =item Core Enhancements
6855 =item Unicode Character Database 4.1.0
6857 =item suidperl less insecure
6859 =item Optional site customization script
6861 =item C<Config.pm> is now much smaller.
6865 =item Modules and Pragmata
6867 =item Utility Changes
6871 =item find2perl enhancements
6875 =item Performance Enhancements
6877 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
6879 =item Selected Bug Fixes
6881 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
6883 =item Changed Internals
6885 =item Known Problems
6887 =item Platform Specific Problems
6889 =item Reporting Bugs
6895 =head2 perl586delta - what is new for perl v5.8.6
6901 =item Incompatible Changes
6903 =item Core Enhancements
6905 =item Modules and Pragmata
6907 =item Utility Changes
6909 =item Performance Enhancements
6911 =item Selected Bug Fixes
6913 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
6915 =item Changed Internals
6919 =item Reporting Bugs
6925 =head2 perl585delta - what is new for perl v5.8.5
6931 =item Incompatible Changes
6933 =item Core Enhancements
6935 =item Modules and Pragmata
6937 =item Utility Changes
6941 =item Perl's debugger
6947 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
6949 =item Selected Bug Fixes
6951 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
6953 =item Changed Internals
6955 =item Known Problems
6957 =item Platform Specific Problems
6959 =item Reporting Bugs
6965 =head2 perl584delta - what is new for perl v5.8.4
6971 =item Incompatible Changes
6973 =item Core Enhancements
6977 =item Malloc wrapping
6979 =item Unicode Character Database 4.0.1
6981 =item suidperl less insecure
6987 =item Modules and Pragmata
6991 =item Updated modules
6993 Attribute::Handlers, B, Benchmark, CGI, Carp, Cwd, Exporter, File::Find,
6994 IO, IPC::Open3, Local::Maketext, Math::BigFloat, Math::BigInt,
6995 Math::BigRat, MIME::Base64, ODBM_File, POSIX, Shell, Socket, Storable,
6996 Switch, Sys::Syslog, Term::ANSIColor, Time::HiRes, Unicode::UCD, Win32,
6997 base, open, threads, utf8
7001 =item Performance Enhancements
7003 =item Utility Changes
7005 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
7007 =item Selected Bug Fixes
7009 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
7011 =item Changed Internals
7013 =item Future Directions
7015 =item Platform Specific Problems
7017 =item Reporting Bugs
7023 =head2 perl583delta - what is new for perl v5.8.3
7029 =item Incompatible Changes
7031 =item Core Enhancements
7033 =item Modules and Pragmata
7035 CGI, Cwd, Digest, Digest::MD5, Encode, File::Spec, FindBin, List::Util,
7036 Math::BigInt, PodParser, Pod::Perldoc, POSIX, Unicode::Collate,
7037 Unicode::Normalize, Test::Harness, threads::shared
7039 =item Utility Changes
7041 =item New Documentation
7043 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
7045 =item Selected Bug Fixes
7047 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
7049 =item Changed Internals
7051 =item Configuration and Building
7053 =item Platform Specific Problems
7055 =item Known Problems
7057 =item Future Directions
7061 =item Reporting Bugs
7067 =head2 perl582delta - what is new for perl v5.8.2
7073 =item Incompatible Changes
7075 =item Core Enhancements
7079 =item Hash Randomisation
7085 =item Modules and Pragmata
7089 =item Updated Modules And Pragmata
7091 Devel::PPPort, Digest::MD5, I18N::LangTags, libnet, MIME::Base64,
7092 Pod::Perldoc, strict, Tie::Hash, Time::HiRes, Unicode::Collate,
7093 Unicode::Normalize, UNIVERSAL
7097 =item Selected Bug Fixes
7099 =item Changed Internals
7101 =item Platform Specific Problems
7103 =item Future Directions
7105 =item Reporting Bugs
7111 =head2 perl581delta - what is new for perl v5.8.1
7117 =item Incompatible Changes
7121 =item Hash Randomisation
7123 =item UTF-8 On Filehandles No Longer Activated By Locale
7125 =item Single-number v-strings are no longer v-strings before "=>"
7127 =item (Win32) The -C Switch Has Been Repurposed
7129 =item (Win32) The /d Switch Of cmd.exe
7133 =item Core Enhancements
7137 =item UTF-8 no longer default under UTF-8 locales
7139 =item Unsafe signals again available
7141 =item Tied Arrays with Negative Array Indices
7145 =item Unicode Character Database 4.0.0
7147 =item Deprecation Warnings
7149 =item Miscellaneous Enhancements
7153 =item Modules and Pragmata
7157 =item Updated Modules And Pragmata
7159 base, B::Bytecode, B::Concise, B::Deparse, Benchmark, ByteLoader, bytes,
7160 CGI, charnames, CPAN, Data::Dumper, DB_File, Devel::PPPort, Digest::MD5,
7161 Encode, fields, libnet, Math::BigInt, MIME::Base64, NEXT, Net::Ping,
7162 PerlIO::scalar, podlators, Pod::LaTeX, PodParsers, Pod::Perldoc,
7163 Scalar::Util, Storable, strict, Term::ANSIcolor, Test::Harness, Test::More,
7164 Test::Simple, Text::Balanced, Time::HiRes, threads, threads::shared,
7165 Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Normalize, Win32::GetFolderPath,
7170 =item Utility Changes
7172 =item New Documentation
7174 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
7178 =item Platform-specific enhancements
7182 =item Selected Bug Fixes
7186 =item Closures, eval and lexicals
7190 =item Platform-specific fixes
7194 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
7198 =item Changed "A thread exited while %d threads were running"
7200 =item Removed "Attempt to clear a restricted hash"
7202 =item New "Illegal declaration of anonymous subroutine"
7204 =item Changed "Invalid range "%s" in transliteration operator"
7206 =item New "Missing control char name in \c"
7208 =item New "Newline in left-justified string for %s"
7210 =item New "Possible precedence problem on bitwise %c operator"
7212 =item New "Pseudo-hashes are deprecated"
7214 =item New "read() on %s filehandle %s"
7216 =item New "5.005 threads are deprecated"
7218 =item New "Tied variable freed while still in use"
7220 =item New "To%s: illegal mapping '%s'"
7222 =item New "Use of freed value in iteration"
7226 =item Changed Internals
7230 =item Known Problems
7234 =item Tied hashes in scalar context
7236 =item Net::Ping 450_service and 510_ping_udp failures
7242 =item Platform Specific Problems
7246 =item EBCDIC Platforms
7248 =item Cygwin 1.5 problems
7250 =item HP-UX: HP cc warnings about sendfile and sendpath
7252 =item IRIX: t/uni/tr_7jis.t falsely failing
7254 =item Mac OS X: no usemymalloc
7256 =item Tru64: No threaded builds with GNU cc (gcc)
7258 =item Win32: sysopen, sysread, syswrite
7262 =item Future Directions
7264 =item Reporting Bugs
7270 =head2 perl58delta - what is new for perl v5.8.0
7276 =item Highlights In 5.8.0
7278 =item Incompatible Changes
7282 =item Binary Incompatibility
7284 =item 64-bit platforms and malloc
7286 =item AIX Dynaloading
7288 =item Attributes for C<my> variables now handled at run-time
7290 =item Socket Extension Dynamic in VMS
7292 =item IEEE-format Floating Point Default on OpenVMS Alpha
7294 =item New Unicode Semantics (no more C<use utf8>, almost)
7296 =item New Unicode Properties
7298 =item REF(...) Instead Of SCALAR(...)
7300 =item pack/unpack D/F recycled
7302 =item glob() now returns filenames in alphabetical order
7308 =item Core Enhancements
7312 =item Unicode Overhaul
7314 =item PerlIO is Now The Default
7318 =item Restricted Hashes
7322 =item Understanding of Numbers
7324 =item Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings [561]
7326 =item Miscellaneous Changes
7330 =item Modules and Pragmata
7334 =item New Modules and Pragmata
7336 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
7340 =item Utility Changes
7342 =item New Documentation
7344 =item Performance Enhancements
7346 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
7350 =item Generic Improvements
7352 =item New Or Improved Platforms
7356 =item Selected Bug Fixes
7360 =item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
7364 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
7366 =item Changed Internals
7368 =item Security Vulnerability Closed [561]
7372 =item Known Problems
7376 =item The Compiler Suite Is Still Very Experimental
7378 =item Localising Tied Arrays and Hashes Is Broken
7380 =item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
7382 =item Modifying $_ Inside for(..)
7384 =item mod_perl 1.26 Doesn't Build With Threaded Perl
7386 =item lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
7388 =item libwww-perl (LWP) fails base/date #51
7390 =item PDL failing some tests
7394 =item Self-tying Problems
7396 =item ext/threads/t/libc
7398 =item Failure of Thread (5.005-style) tests
7400 =item Timing problems
7402 =item Tied/Magical Array/Hash Elements Do Not Autovivify
7404 =item Unicode in package/class and subroutine names does not work
7408 =item Platform Specific Problems
7414 =item Alpha systems with old gccs fail several tests
7420 =item Cygwin "unable to remap"
7422 =item Cygwin ndbm tests fail on FAT
7424 =item DJGPP Failures
7426 =item FreeBSD built with ithreads coredumps reading large directories
7428 =item FreeBSD Failing locale Test 117 For ISO 8859-15 Locales
7430 =item IRIX fails ext/List/Util/t/shuffle.t or Digest::MD5
7432 =item HP-UX lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails When LP64-Configured
7434 =item Linux with glibc 2.2.5 fails t/op/int subtest #6 with -Duse64bitint
7436 =item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
7440 =item Mac OS X dyld undefined symbols
7442 =item OS/2 Test Failures
7444 =item op/sprintf tests 91, 129, and 130
7450 =item Solaris x86 Fails Tests With -Duse64bitint
7452 =item SUPER-UX (NEC SX)
7454 =item Term::ReadKey not working on Win32
7466 =item XML::Parser not working
7470 =item Unicode Support on EBCDIC Still Spotty
7472 =item Seen In Perl 5.7 But Gone Now
7476 =item Reporting Bugs
7484 =head2 perl573delta - what's new for perl v5.7.3
7492 =item Reporting Bugs
7500 =head2 perl572delta - what's new for perl v5.7.2
7506 =item Security Vulnerability Closed
7508 =item Incompatible Changes
7512 =item 64-bit platforms and malloc
7514 =item AIX Dynaloading
7516 =item Socket Extension Dynamic in VMS
7518 =item Different Definition of the Unicode Character Classes \p{In...}
7524 =item Core Enhancements
7526 =item Modules and Pragmata
7530 =item New Modules and Distributions
7532 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
7536 =item Utility Changes
7538 =item New Documentation
7540 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
7544 =item New Or Improved Platforms
7546 =item Generic Improvements
7550 =item Selected Bug Fixes
7554 =item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
7558 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
7560 =item Source Code Enhancements
7564 =item MAGIC constants
7566 =item Better commented code
7568 =item Regex pre-/post-compilation items matched up
7576 =item Known Problems
7582 =item Amiga Perl Invoking Mystery
7584 =item lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
7586 =item Cygwin intermittent failures of lib/Memoize/t/expire_file 11 and 12
7588 =item HP-UX lib/io_multihomed Fails When LP64-Configured
7590 =item HP-UX lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails When LP64-Configured
7592 =item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
7596 =item op/sprintf tests 129 and 130
7598 =item Failure of Thread tests
7608 =item Localising a Tied Variable Leaks Memory
7610 =item Self-tying of Arrays and Hashes Is Forbidden
7612 =item Variable Attributes are not Currently Usable for Tieing
7614 =item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
7616 =item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental
7618 =item The Long Double Support is Still Experimental
7622 =item Reporting Bugs
7630 =head2 perl571delta - what's new for perl v5.7.1
7636 =item Security Vulnerability Closed
7638 =item Incompatible Changes
7640 =item Core Enhancements
7644 =item AUTOLOAD Is Now Lvaluable
7646 =item PerlIO is Now The Default
7648 =item Signals Are Now Safe
7652 =item Modules and Pragmata
7658 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
7662 =item Performance Enhancements
7664 =item Utility Changes
7666 =item New Documentation
7682 =item README.solaris
7686 =item Porting/repository.pod
7690 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
7694 =item New Or Improved Platforms
7696 =item Generic Improvements
7698 d_cmsghdr, d_fcntl_can_lock, d_fsync, d_getitimer, d_getpagsz, d_msghdr_s,
7699 need_va_copy, d_readv, d_recvmsg, d_sendmsg, sig_size, d_sockatmark,
7700 d_strtoq, d_u32align, d_ualarm, d_usleep
7704 =item Selected Bug Fixes
7708 =item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
7712 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
7714 =item Changed Internals
7718 =item Known Problems
7722 =item AIX vac 5.0.0.0 May Produce Buggy Code For Perl
7724 =item lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
7726 =item lib/io_multihomed Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
7728 =item Test lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
7732 =item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
7734 =item sigaction test 13 in VMS
7736 =item sprintf tests 129 and 130
7738 =item Failure of Thread tests
7740 =item Localising a Tied Variable Leaks Memory
7742 =item Self-tying of Arrays and Hashes Is Forbidden
7744 =item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
7746 =item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental
7750 =item Reporting Bugs
7758 =head2 perl570delta - what's new for perl v5.7.0
7764 =item Security Vulnerability Closed
7766 =item Incompatible Changes
7768 =item Core Enhancements
7770 =item Modules and Pragmata
7776 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
7780 =item Utility Changes
7782 =item New Documentation
7784 =item Performance Enhancements
7786 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
7790 =item Generic Improvements
7794 =item Selected Bug Fixes
7798 =item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
7802 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
7804 =item Changed Internals
7806 =item Known Problems
7810 =item Unicode Support Still Far From Perfect
7812 =item EBCDIC Still A Lost Platform
7814 =item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
7816 =item ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
7818 =item Test lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
7820 =item Long Doubles Still Don't Work In Solaris
7822 =item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
7824 =item Storable tests fail in some platforms
7826 =item Threads Are Still Experimental
7828 =item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental
7832 =item Reporting Bugs
7840 =head2 perl561delta - what's new for perl v5.6.x
7846 =item Summary of changes between 5.6.0 and 5.6.1
7850 =item Security Issues
7852 =item Core bug fixes
7854 C<UNIVERSAL::isa()>, Memory leaks, Numeric conversions, qw(a\\b), caller(),
7855 Bugs in regular expressions, "slurp" mode, Autovivification of symbolic
7856 references to special variables, Lexical warnings, Spurious warnings and
7857 errors, glob(), Tainting, sort(), #line directives, Subroutine prototypes,
7858 map(), Debugger, PERL5OPT, chop(), Unicode support, 64-bit support,
7859 Compiler, Lvalue subroutines, IO::Socket, File::Find, xsubpp, C<no
7864 =item Configuration issues
7868 =item Bundled modules
7870 B::Concise, File::Temp, Pod::LaTeX, Pod::Text::Overstrike, CGI, CPAN,
7871 Class::Struct, DB_File, Devel::Peek, File::Find, Getopt::Long, IO::Poll,
7872 IPC::Open3, Math::BigFloat, Math::Complex, Net::Ping, Opcode, Pod::Parser,
7873 Pod::Text, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Tie::RefHash, Tie::SubstrHash
7875 =item Platform-specific improvements
7877 NCR MP-RAS, NonStop-UX
7881 =item Core Enhancements
7885 =item Interpreter cloning, threads, and concurrency
7887 =item Lexically scoped warning categories
7889 =item Unicode and UTF-8 support
7891 =item Support for interpolating named characters
7893 =item "our" declarations
7895 =item Support for strings represented as a vector of ordinals
7897 =item Improved Perl version numbering system
7899 =item New syntax for declaring subroutine attributes
7901 =item File and directory handles can be autovivified
7903 =item open() with more than two arguments
7905 =item 64-bit support
7907 =item Large file support
7913 =item Enhanced support for sort() subroutines
7915 =item C<sort $coderef @foo> allowed
7917 =item File globbing implemented internally
7919 =item Support for CHECK blocks
7921 =item POSIX character class syntax [: :] supported
7923 =item Better pseudo-random number generator
7925 =item Improved C<qw//> operator
7927 =item Better worst-case behavior of hashes
7929 =item pack() format 'Z' supported
7931 =item pack() format modifier '!' supported
7933 =item pack() and unpack() support counted strings
7935 =item Comments in pack() templates
7937 =item Weak references
7939 =item Binary numbers supported
7941 =item Lvalue subroutines
7943 =item Some arrows may be omitted in calls through references
7945 =item Boolean assignment operators are legal lvalues
7947 =item exists() is supported on subroutine names
7949 =item exists() and delete() are supported on array elements
7951 =item Pseudo-hashes work better
7953 =item Automatic flushing of output buffers
7955 =item Better diagnostics on meaningless filehandle operations
7957 =item Where possible, buffered data discarded from duped input filehandle
7959 =item eof() has the same old magic as <>
7961 =item binmode() can be used to set :crlf and :raw modes
7963 =item C<-T> filetest recognizes UTF-8 encoded files as "text"
7965 =item system(), backticks and pipe open now reflect exec() failure
7967 =item Improved diagnostics
7969 =item Diagnostics follow STDERR
7971 =item More consistent close-on-exec behavior
7973 =item syswrite() ease-of-use
7975 =item Better syntax checks on parenthesized unary operators
7977 =item Bit operators support full native integer width
7979 =item Improved security features
7981 =item More functional bareword prototype (*)
7983 =item C<require> and C<do> may be overridden
7985 =item $^X variables may now have names longer than one character
7987 =item New variable $^C reflects C<-c> switch
7989 =item New variable $^V contains Perl version as a string
7991 =item Optional Y2K warnings
7993 =item Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings
7995 =item @- and @+ provide starting/ending offsets of regex submatches
7999 =item Modules and Pragmata
8005 attributes, B, Benchmark, ByteLoader, constant, charnames, Data::Dumper,
8006 DB, DB_File, Devel::DProf, Devel::Peek, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, English,
8007 Env, Fcntl, File::Compare, File::Find, File::Glob, File::Spec,
8008 File::Spec::Functions, Getopt::Long, IO, JPL, lib, Math::BigInt,
8009 Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Pod::Parser, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Checker,
8010 podchecker, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Find, Pod::Select, podselect, Pod::Usage,
8011 pod2usage, Pod::Text and Pod::Man, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Sys::Hostname,
8012 Term::ANSIColor, Time::Local, Win32, XSLoader, DBM Filters
8018 =item Utility Changes
8032 =item The Perl Debugger
8036 =item Improved Documentation
8038 perlapi.pod, perlboot.pod, perlcompile.pod, perldbmfilter.pod,
8039 perldebug.pod, perldebguts.pod, perlfork.pod, perlfilter.pod, perlhack.pod,
8040 perlintern.pod, perllexwarn.pod, perlnumber.pod, perlopentut.pod,
8041 perlreftut.pod, perltootc.pod, perltodo.pod, perlunicode.pod
8043 =item Performance enhancements
8047 =item Simple sort() using { $a <=> $b } and the like are optimized
8049 =item Optimized assignments to lexical variables
8051 =item Faster subroutine calls
8053 =item delete(), each(), values() and hash iteration are faster
8057 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
8061 =item -Dusethreads means something different
8063 =item New Configure flags
8065 =item Threadedness and 64-bitness now more daring
8071 =item -Duselargefiles
8073 =item installusrbinperl
8079 =item Enhanced Installation Directories
8081 =item gcc automatically tried if 'cc' does not seem to be working
8085 =item Platform specific changes
8089 =item Supported platforms
8093 =item OS390 (OpenEdition MVS)
8101 =item Significant bug fixes
8105 =item <HANDLE> on empty files
8107 =item C<eval '...'> improvements
8109 =item All compilation errors are true errors
8111 =item Implicitly closed filehandles are safer
8113 =item Behavior of list slices is more consistent
8115 =item C<(\$)> prototype and C<$foo{a}>
8117 =item C<goto &sub> and AUTOLOAD
8119 =item C<-bareword> allowed under C<use integer>
8121 =item Failures in DESTROY()
8123 =item Locale bugs fixed
8127 =item Spurious subroutine stubs after failed subroutine calls
8129 =item Taint failures under C<-U>
8131 =item END blocks and the C<-c> switch
8133 =item Potential to leak DATA filehandles
8137 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
8139 "%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same %s, "my sub" not yet
8140 implemented, "our" variable %s redeclared, '!' allowed only after types %s,
8141 / cannot take a count, / must be followed by a, A or Z, / must be followed
8142 by a*, A* or Z*, / must follow a numeric type, /%s/: Unrecognized escape
8143 \\%c passed through, /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c in character class
8144 passed through, /%s/ should probably be written as "%s", %s() called too
8145 early to check prototype, %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element, %s
8146 argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or slice, %s argument is not a
8147 subroutine name, %s package attribute may clash with future reserved word:
8148 %s, (in cleanup) %s, <> should be quotes, Attempt to join self, Bad evalled
8149 substitution pattern, Bad realloc() ignored, Bareword found in conditional,
8150 Binary number > 0b11111111111111111111111111111111 non-portable, Bit vector
8151 size > 32 non-portable, Buffer overflow in prime_env_iter: %s, Can't check
8152 filesystem of script "%s", Can't declare class for non-scalar %s in "%s",
8153 Can't declare %s in "%s", Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default,
8154 Can't modify non-lvalue subroutine call, Can't read CRTL environ, Can't
8155 remove %s: %s, skipping file, Can't return %s from lvalue subroutine, Can't
8156 weaken a nonreference, Character class [:%s:] unknown, Character class
8157 syntax [%s] belongs inside character classes, Constant is not %s reference,
8158 constant(%s): %s, CORE::%s is not a keyword, defined(@array) is deprecated,
8159 defined(%hash) is deprecated, Did not produce a valid header, (Did you mean
8160 "local" instead of "our"?), Document contains no data, entering effective
8161 %s failed, false [] range "%s" in regexp, Filehandle %s opened only for
8162 output, flock() on closed filehandle %s, Global symbol "%s" requires
8163 explicit package name, Hexadecimal number > 0xffffffff non-portable,
8164 Ill-formed CRTL environ value "%s", Ill-formed message in prime_env_iter:
8165 |%s|, Illegal binary digit %s, Illegal binary digit %s ignored, Illegal
8166 number of bits in vec, Integer overflow in %s number, Invalid %s attribute:
8167 %s, Invalid %s attributes: %s, invalid [] range "%s" in regexp, Invalid
8168 separator character %s in attribute list, Invalid separator character %s in
8169 subroutine attribute list, leaving effective %s failed, Lvalue subs
8170 returning %s not implemented yet, Method %s not permitted, Missing
8171 %sbrace%s on \N{}, Missing command in piped open, Missing name in "my sub",
8172 No %s specified for -%c, No package name allowed for variable %s in "our",
8173 No space allowed after -%c, no UTC offset information; assuming local time
8174 is UTC, Octal number > 037777777777 non-portable, panic: del_backref,
8175 panic: kid popen errno read, panic: magic_killbackrefs, Parentheses missing
8176 around "%s" list, Possible unintended interpolation of %s in string,
8177 Possible Y2K bug: %s, pragma "attrs" is deprecated, use "sub NAME : ATTRS"
8178 instead, Premature end of script headers, Repeat count in pack overflows,
8179 Repeat count in unpack overflows, realloc() of freed memory ignored,
8180 Reference is already weak, setpgrp can't take arguments, Strange *+?{} on
8181 zero-length expression, switching effective %s is not implemented, This
8182 Perl can't reset CRTL environ elements (%s), This Perl can't set CRTL
8183 environ elements (%s=%s), Too late to run %s block, Unknown open() mode
8184 '%s', Unknown process %x sent message to prime_env_iter: %s, Unrecognized
8185 escape \\%c passed through, Unterminated attribute parameter in attribute
8186 list, Unterminated attribute list, Unterminated attribute parameter in
8187 subroutine attribute list, Unterminated subroutine attribute list, Value of
8188 CLI symbol "%s" too long, Version number must be a constant number
8192 =item Incompatible Changes
8196 =item Perl Source Incompatibilities
8198 CHECK is a new keyword, Treatment of list slices of undef has changed,
8199 Format of $English::PERL_VERSION is different, Literals of the form
8200 C<1.2.3> parse differently, Possibly changed pseudo-random number
8201 generator, Hashing function for hash keys has changed, C<undef> fails on
8202 read only values, Close-on-exec bit may be set on pipe and socket handles,
8203 Writing C<"$$1"> to mean C<"${$}1"> is unsupported, delete(), each(),
8204 values() and C<\(%h)>, vec(EXPR,OFFSET,BITS) enforces powers-of-two BITS,
8205 Text of some diagnostic output has changed, C<%@> has been removed,
8206 Parenthesized not() behaves like a list operator, Semantics of bareword
8207 prototype C<(*)> have changed, Semantics of bit operators may have changed
8208 on 64-bit platforms, More builtins taint their results
8210 =item C Source Incompatibilities
8212 C<PERL_POLLUTE>, C<PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT>, C<PERL_POLLUTE_MALLOC>
8214 =item Compatible C Source API Changes
8216 C<PATCHLEVEL> is now C<PERL_VERSION>
8218 =item Binary Incompatibilities
8222 =item Known Problems
8226 =item Localizing a tied hash element may leak memory
8228 =item Known test failures
8230 =item EBCDIC platforms not fully supported
8232 =item UNICOS/mk CC failures during Configure run
8234 =item Arrow operator and arrays
8236 =item Experimental features
8238 Threads, Unicode, 64-bit support, Lvalue subroutines, Weak references, The
8239 pseudo-hash data type, The Compiler suite, Internal implementation of file
8240 globbing, The DB module, The regular expression code constructs:
8244 =item Obsolete Diagnostics
8246 Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Ill-formed
8247 logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter, In string, @%s now must be written as
8248 \@%s, Probable precedence problem on %s, regexp too big, Use of "$$<digit>"
8249 to mean "${$}<digit>" is deprecated
8251 =item Reporting Bugs
8259 =head2 perl56delta - what's new for perl v5.6.0
8265 =item Core Enhancements
8269 =item Interpreter cloning, threads, and concurrency
8271 =item Lexically scoped warning categories
8273 =item Unicode and UTF-8 support
8275 =item Support for interpolating named characters
8277 =item "our" declarations
8279 =item Support for strings represented as a vector of ordinals
8281 =item Improved Perl version numbering system
8283 =item New syntax for declaring subroutine attributes
8285 =item File and directory handles can be autovivified
8287 =item open() with more than two arguments
8289 =item 64-bit support
8291 =item Large file support
8297 =item Enhanced support for sort() subroutines
8299 =item C<sort $coderef @foo> allowed
8301 =item File globbing implemented internally
8303 =item Support for CHECK blocks
8305 =item POSIX character class syntax [: :] supported
8307 =item Better pseudo-random number generator
8309 =item Improved C<qw//> operator
8311 =item Better worst-case behavior of hashes
8313 =item pack() format 'Z' supported
8315 =item pack() format modifier '!' supported
8317 =item pack() and unpack() support counted strings
8319 =item Comments in pack() templates
8321 =item Weak references
8323 =item Binary numbers supported
8325 =item Lvalue subroutines
8327 =item Some arrows may be omitted in calls through references
8329 =item Boolean assignment operators are legal lvalues
8331 =item exists() is supported on subroutine names
8333 =item exists() and delete() are supported on array elements
8335 =item Pseudo-hashes work better
8337 =item Automatic flushing of output buffers
8339 =item Better diagnostics on meaningless filehandle operations
8341 =item Where possible, buffered data discarded from duped input filehandle
8343 =item eof() has the same old magic as <>
8345 =item binmode() can be used to set :crlf and :raw modes
8347 =item C<-T> filetest recognizes UTF-8 encoded files as "text"
8349 =item system(), backticks and pipe open now reflect exec() failure
8351 =item Improved diagnostics
8353 =item Diagnostics follow STDERR
8355 =item More consistent close-on-exec behavior
8357 =item syswrite() ease-of-use
8359 =item Better syntax checks on parenthesized unary operators
8361 =item Bit operators support full native integer width
8363 =item Improved security features
8365 =item More functional bareword prototype (*)
8367 =item C<require> and C<do> may be overridden
8369 =item $^X variables may now have names longer than one character
8371 =item New variable $^C reflects C<-c> switch
8373 =item New variable $^V contains Perl version as a string
8375 =item Optional Y2K warnings
8377 =item Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings
8379 =item @- and @+ provide starting/ending offsets of regex matches
8383 =item Modules and Pragmata
8389 attributes, B, Benchmark, ByteLoader, constant, charnames, Data::Dumper,
8390 DB, DB_File, Devel::DProf, Devel::Peek, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, English,
8391 Env, Fcntl, File::Compare, File::Find, File::Glob, File::Spec,
8392 File::Spec::Functions, Getopt::Long, IO, JPL, lib, Math::BigInt,
8393 Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Pod::Parser, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Checker,
8394 podchecker, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Find, Pod::Select, podselect, Pod::Usage,
8395 pod2usage, Pod::Text and Pod::Man, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Sys::Hostname,
8396 Term::ANSIColor, Time::Local, Win32, XSLoader, DBM Filters
8402 =item Utility Changes
8416 =item The Perl Debugger
8420 =item Improved Documentation
8422 perlapi.pod, perlboot.pod, perlcompile.pod, perldbmfilter.pod,
8423 perldebug.pod, perldebguts.pod, perlfork.pod, perlfilter.pod, perlhack.pod,
8424 perlintern.pod, perllexwarn.pod, perlnumber.pod, perlopentut.pod,
8425 perlreftut.pod, perltootc.pod, perltodo.pod, perlunicode.pod
8427 =item Performance enhancements
8431 =item Simple sort() using { $a <=> $b } and the like are optimized
8433 =item Optimized assignments to lexical variables
8435 =item Faster subroutine calls
8437 =item delete(), each(), values() and hash iteration are faster
8441 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
8445 =item -Dusethreads means something different
8447 =item New Configure flags
8449 =item Threadedness and 64-bitness now more daring
8455 =item -Duselargefiles
8457 =item installusrbinperl
8463 =item Enhanced Installation Directories
8467 =item Platform specific changes
8471 =item Supported platforms
8475 =item OS390 (OpenEdition MVS)
8483 =item Significant bug fixes
8487 =item <HANDLE> on empty files
8489 =item C<eval '...'> improvements
8491 =item All compilation errors are true errors
8493 =item Implicitly closed filehandles are safer
8495 =item Behavior of list slices is more consistent
8497 =item C<(\$)> prototype and C<$foo{a}>
8499 =item C<goto &sub> and AUTOLOAD
8501 =item C<-bareword> allowed under C<use integer>
8503 =item Failures in DESTROY()
8505 =item Locale bugs fixed
8509 =item Spurious subroutine stubs after failed subroutine calls
8511 =item Taint failures under C<-U>
8513 =item END blocks and the C<-c> switch
8515 =item Potential to leak DATA filehandles
8519 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
8521 "%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same %s, "my sub" not yet
8522 implemented, "our" variable %s redeclared, '!' allowed only after types %s,
8523 / cannot take a count, / must be followed by a, A or Z, / must be followed
8524 by a*, A* or Z*, / must follow a numeric type, /%s/: Unrecognized escape
8525 \\%c passed through, /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c in character class
8526 passed through, /%s/ should probably be written as "%s", %s() called too
8527 early to check prototype, %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element, %s
8528 argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or slice, %s argument is not a
8529 subroutine name, %s package attribute may clash with future reserved word:
8530 %s, (in cleanup) %s, <> should be quotes, Attempt to join self, Bad evalled
8531 substitution pattern, Bad realloc() ignored, Bareword found in conditional,
8532 Binary number > 0b11111111111111111111111111111111 non-portable, Bit vector
8533 size > 32 non-portable, Buffer overflow in prime_env_iter: %s, Can't check
8534 filesystem of script "%s", Can't declare class for non-scalar %s in "%s",
8535 Can't declare %s in "%s", Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default,
8536 Can't modify non-lvalue subroutine call, Can't read CRTL environ, Can't
8537 remove %s: %s, skipping file, Can't return %s from lvalue subroutine, Can't
8538 weaken a nonreference, Character class [:%s:] unknown, Character class
8539 syntax [%s] belongs inside character classes, Constant is not %s reference,
8540 constant(%s): %s, CORE::%s is not a keyword, defined(@array) is deprecated,
8541 defined(%hash) is deprecated, Did not produce a valid header, (Did you mean
8542 "local" instead of "our"?), Document contains no data, entering effective
8543 %s failed, false [] range "%s" in regexp, Filehandle %s opened only for
8544 output, flock() on closed filehandle %s, Global symbol "%s" requires
8545 explicit package name, Hexadecimal number > 0xffffffff non-portable,
8546 Ill-formed CRTL environ value "%s", Ill-formed message in prime_env_iter:
8547 |%s|, Illegal binary digit %s, Illegal binary digit %s ignored, Illegal
8548 number of bits in vec, Integer overflow in %s number, Invalid %s attribute:
8549 %s, Invalid %s attributes: %s, invalid [] range "%s" in regexp, Invalid
8550 separator character %s in attribute list, Invalid separator character %s in
8551 subroutine attribute list, leaving effective %s failed, Lvalue subs
8552 returning %s not implemented yet, Method %s not permitted, Missing
8553 %sbrace%s on \N{}, Missing command in piped open, Missing name in "my sub",
8554 No %s specified for -%c, No package name allowed for variable %s in "our",
8555 No space allowed after -%c, no UTC offset information; assuming local time
8556 is UTC, Octal number > 037777777777 non-portable, panic: del_backref,
8557 panic: kid popen errno read, panic: magic_killbackrefs, Parentheses missing
8558 around "%s" list, Possible unintended interpolation of %s in string,
8559 Possible Y2K bug: %s, pragma "attrs" is deprecated, use "sub NAME : ATTRS"
8560 instead, Premature end of script headers, Repeat count in pack overflows,
8561 Repeat count in unpack overflows, realloc() of freed memory ignored,
8562 Reference is already weak, setpgrp can't take arguments, Strange *+?{} on
8563 zero-length expression, switching effective %s is not implemented, This
8564 Perl can't reset CRTL environ elements (%s), This Perl can't set CRTL
8565 environ elements (%s=%s), Too late to run %s block, Unknown open() mode
8566 '%s', Unknown process %x sent message to prime_env_iter: %s, Unrecognized
8567 escape \\%c passed through, Unterminated attribute parameter in attribute
8568 list, Unterminated attribute list, Unterminated attribute parameter in
8569 subroutine attribute list, Unterminated subroutine attribute list, Value of
8570 CLI symbol "%s" too long, Version number must be a constant number
8574 =item Incompatible Changes
8578 =item Perl Source Incompatibilities
8580 CHECK is a new keyword, Treatment of list slices of undef has changed,
8581 Format of $English::PERL_VERSION is different, Literals of the form
8582 C<1.2.3> parse differently, Possibly changed pseudo-random number
8583 generator, Hashing function for hash keys has changed, C<undef> fails on
8584 read only values, Close-on-exec bit may be set on pipe and socket handles,
8585 Writing C<"$$1"> to mean C<"${$}1"> is unsupported, delete(), each(),
8586 values() and C<\(%h)>, vec(EXPR,OFFSET,BITS) enforces powers-of-two BITS,
8587 Text of some diagnostic output has changed, C<%@> has been removed,
8588 Parenthesized not() behaves like a list operator, Semantics of bareword
8589 prototype C<(*)> have changed, Semantics of bit operators may have changed
8590 on 64-bit platforms, More builtins taint their results
8592 =item C Source Incompatibilities
8594 C<PERL_POLLUTE>, C<PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT>, C<PERL_POLLUTE_MALLOC>
8596 =item Compatible C Source API Changes
8598 C<PATCHLEVEL> is now C<PERL_VERSION>
8600 =item Binary Incompatibilities
8604 =item Known Problems
8608 =item Thread test failures
8610 =item EBCDIC platforms not supported
8612 =item In 64-bit HP-UX the lib/io_multihomed test may hang
8614 =item NEXTSTEP 3.3 POSIX test failure
8616 =item Tru64 (aka Digital UNIX, aka DEC OSF/1) lib/sdbm test failure with
8619 =item UNICOS/mk CC failures during Configure run
8621 =item Arrow operator and arrays
8623 =item Experimental features
8625 Threads, Unicode, 64-bit support, Lvalue subroutines, Weak references, The
8626 pseudo-hash data type, The Compiler suite, Internal implementation of file
8627 globbing, The DB module, The regular expression code constructs:
8631 =item Obsolete Diagnostics
8633 Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Ill-formed
8634 logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter, In string, @%s now must be written as
8635 \@%s, Probable precedence problem on %s, regexp too big, Use of "$$<digit>"
8636 to mean "${$}<digit>" is deprecated
8638 =item Reporting Bugs
8646 =head2 perl5005delta - what's new for perl5.005
8652 =item About the new versioning system
8654 =item Incompatible Changes
8658 =item WARNING: This version is not binary compatible with Perl 5.004.
8660 =item Default installation structure has changed
8662 =item Perl Source Compatibility
8664 =item C Source Compatibility
8666 =item Binary Compatibility
8668 =item Security fixes may affect compatibility
8670 =item Relaxed new mandatory warnings introduced in 5.004
8684 =item Regular Expressions
8686 Many new and improved optimizations, Many bug fixes, New regular expression
8687 constructs, New operator for precompiled regular expressions, Other
8688 improvements, Incompatible changes
8690 =item Improved malloc()
8692 =item Quicksort is internally implemented
8694 =item Reliable signals
8696 =item Reliable stack pointers
8698 =item More generous treatment of carriage returns
8702 =item Better support for multiple interpreters
8704 =item Behavior of local() on array and hash elements is now well-defined
8706 =item C<%!> is transparently tied to the L<Errno> module
8708 =item Pseudo-hashes are supported
8710 =item C<EXPR foreach EXPR> is supported
8712 =item Keywords can be globally overridden
8714 =item C<$^E> is meaningful on Win32
8716 =item C<foreach (1..1000000)> optimized
8718 =item C<Foo::> can be used as implicitly quoted package name
8720 =item C<exists $Foo::{Bar::}> tests existence of a package
8722 =item Better locale support
8724 =item Experimental support for 64-bit platforms
8726 =item prototype() returns useful results on builtins
8728 =item Extended support for exception handling
8730 =item Re-blessing in DESTROY() supported for chaining DESTROY() methods
8732 =item All C<printf> format conversions are handled internally
8734 =item New C<INIT> keyword
8736 =item New C<lock> keyword
8738 =item New C<qr//> operator
8740 =item C<our> is now a reserved word
8742 =item Tied arrays are now fully supported
8744 =item Tied handles support is better
8746 =item 4th argument to substr
8748 =item Negative LENGTH argument to splice
8750 =item Magic lvalues are now more magical
8752 =item <> now reads in records
8756 =item Supported Platforms
8762 =item Changes in existing support
8766 =item Modules and Pragmata
8772 B, Data::Dumper, Dumpvalue, Errno, File::Spec, ExtUtils::Installed,
8773 ExtUtils::Packlist, Fatal, IPC::SysV, Test, Tie::Array, Tie::Handle,
8774 Thread, attrs, fields, re
8776 =item Changes in existing modules
8778 Benchmark, Carp, CGI, Fcntl, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, POSIX, DB_File,
8779 MakeMaker, CPAN, Cwd
8783 =item Utility Changes
8785 =item Documentation Changes
8787 =item New Diagnostics
8789 Ambiguous call resolved as CORE::%s(), qualify as such or use &, Bad index
8790 while coercing array into hash, Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent
8791 package, Can't call method "%s" on an undefined value, Can't check
8792 filesystem of script "%s" for nosuid, Can't coerce array into hash, Can't
8793 goto subroutine from an eval-string, Can't localize pseudo-hash element,
8794 Can't use %%! because Errno.pm is not available, Cannot find an opnumber
8795 for "%s", Character class syntax [. .] is reserved for future extensions,
8796 Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Character
8797 class syntax [= =] is reserved for future extensions, %s: Eval-group in
8798 insecure regular expression, %s: Eval-group not allowed, use re 'eval', %s:
8799 Eval-group not allowed at run time, Explicit blessing to '' (assuming
8800 package main), Illegal hex digit ignored, No such array field, No such
8801 field "%s" in variable %s of type %s, Out of memory during ridiculously
8802 large request, Range iterator outside integer range, Recursive inheritance
8803 detected while looking for method '%s' %s, Reference found where even-sized
8804 list expected, Undefined value assigned to typeglob, Use of reserved word
8805 "%s" is deprecated, perl: warning: Setting locale failed
8807 =item Obsolete Diagnostics
8809 Can't mktemp(), Can't write to temp file for B<-e>: %s, Cannot open
8810 temporary file, regexp too big
8812 =item Configuration Changes
8822 =head2 perl5004delta - what's new for perl5.004
8828 =item Supported Environments
8834 =item List assignment to %ENV works
8836 =item Change to "Can't locate Foo.pm in @INC" error
8838 =item Compilation option: Binary compatibility with 5.003
8840 =item $PERL5OPT environment variable
8842 =item Limitations on B<-M>, B<-m>, and B<-T> options
8844 =item More precise warnings
8846 =item Deprecated: Inherited C<AUTOLOAD> for non-methods
8848 =item Previously deprecated %OVERLOAD is no longer usable
8850 =item Subroutine arguments created only when they're modified
8852 =item Group vector changeable with C<$)>
8854 =item Fixed parsing of $$<digit>, &$<digit>, etc.
8856 =item Fixed localization of $<digit>, $&, etc.
8858 =item No resetting of $. on implicit close
8860 =item C<wantarray> may return undef
8862 =item C<eval EXPR> determines value of EXPR in scalar context
8864 =item Changes to tainting checks
8866 No glob() or <*>, No spawning if tainted $CDPATH, $ENV, $BASH_ENV, No
8867 spawning if tainted $TERM doesn't look like a terminal name
8869 =item New Opcode module and revised Safe module
8871 =item Embedding improvements
8873 =item Internal change: FileHandle class based on IO::* classes
8875 =item Internal change: PerlIO abstraction interface
8877 =item New and changed syntax
8881 =item New and changed builtin constants
8885 =item New and changed builtin variables
8889 =item New and changed builtin functions
8891 delete on slices, flock, printf and sprintf, keys as an lvalue, my() in
8892 Control Structures, pack() and unpack(), sysseek(), use VERSION, use Module
8893 VERSION LIST, prototype(FUNCTION), srand, $_ as Default, C<m//gc> does not
8894 reset search position on failure, C<m//x> ignores whitespace before ?*+{},
8895 nested C<sub{}> closures work now, formats work right on changing lexicals
8897 =item New builtin methods
8899 isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] )
8901 =item TIEHANDLE now supported
8903 TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this, LIST, READ this
8904 LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, DESTROY this
8906 =item Malloc enhancements
8908 -DPERL_EMERGENCY_SBRK, -DPACK_MALLOC, -DTWO_POT_OPTIMIZE
8910 =item Miscellaneous efficiency enhancements
8914 =item Support for More Operating Systems
8930 use autouse MODULE => qw(sub1 sub2 sub3), use blib, use blib 'dir', use
8931 constant NAME => VALUE, use locale, use ops, use vmsish
8937 =item Required Updates
8939 =item Installation directories
8941 =item Module information summary
8955 =item Object-oriented overrides for builtin operators
8959 =item Utility Changes
8965 Sends converted HTML to standard output
8969 C<void> XSUBs now default to returning nothing
8973 =item C Language API Changes
8975 C<gv_fetchmethod> and C<perl_call_sv>, C<perl_eval_pv>, Extended API for
8978 =item Documentation Changes
8980 L<perldelta>, L<perlfaq>, L<perllocale>, L<perltoot>, L<perlapio>,
8981 L<perlmodlib>, L<perldebug>, L<perlsec>
8983 =item New Diagnostics
8985 "my" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same scope, %s argument is
8986 not a HASH element or slice, Allocation too large: %lx, Allocation too
8987 large, Applying %s to %s will act on scalar(%s), Attempt to free
8988 nonexistent shared string, Attempt to use reference as lvalue in substr,
8989 Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent package, Can't redefine active sort
8990 subroutine %s, Can't use bareword ("%s") as %s ref while "strict refs" in
8991 use, Cannot resolve method `%s' overloading `%s' in package `%s', Constant
8992 subroutine %s redefined, Constant subroutine %s undefined, Copy method did
8993 not return a reference, Died, Exiting pseudo-block via %s, Identifier too
8994 long, Illegal character %s (carriage return), Illegal switch in PERL5OPT:
8995 %s, Integer overflow in hex number, Integer overflow in octal number,
8996 internal error: glob failed, Invalid conversion in %s: "%s", Invalid type
8997 in pack: '%s', Invalid type in unpack: '%s', Name "%s::%s" used only once:
8998 possible typo, Null picture in formline, Offset outside string, Out of
8999 memory!, Out of memory during request for %s, panic: frexp, Possible
9000 attempt to put comments in qw() list, Possible attempt to separate words
9001 with commas, Scalar value @%s{%s} better written as $%s{%s}, Stub found
9002 while resolving method `%s' overloading `%s' in %s, Too late for "B<-T>"
9003 option, untie attempted while %d inner references still exist, Unrecognized
9004 character %s, Unsupported function fork, Use of "$$<digit>" to mean
9005 "${$}<digit>" is deprecated, Value of %s can be "0"; test with defined(),
9006 Variable "%s" may be unavailable, Variable "%s" will not stay shared,
9007 Warning: something's wrong, Ill-formed logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter,
9008 Got an error from DosAllocMem, Malformed PERLLIB_PREFIX, PERL_SH_DIR too
9009 long, Process terminated by SIG%s
9019 =head2 perlartistic - the Perl Artistic License
9027 =item The "Artistic License"
9035 "Package", "Standard Version", "Copyright Holder", "You", "Reasonable
9036 copying fee", "Freely Available"
9040 a), b), c), d), a), b), c), d)
9046 =head2 perlgpl - the GNU General Public License, version 2
9058 =item GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
9062 =head2 perlaix, README.aix - Perl version 5 on IBM Unix (AIX) systems
9070 =item Compiling Perl 5 on AIX
9074 =item Building Dynamic Extensions on AIX
9076 =item The IBM ANSI C Compiler
9078 =item The usenm option
9080 =item Using GNU's gcc for building perl
9082 =item Using Large Files with Perl
9088 =item AIX 4.2 and extensions using C++ with statics
9098 =head2 perlamiga - Perl under Amiga OS
9114 =item Prerequisites for Compiling Perl on AmigaOS
9116 B<Unix emulation for AmigaOS: ixemul.library>, B<Version of Amiga OS>
9118 =item Starting Perl programs under AmigaOS
9120 =item Shortcomings of Perl under AmigaOS
9126 =item Accessing documentation
9130 =item Manpages for Perl on AmigaOS
9132 =item Perl HTML Documentation on AmigaOS
9134 =item Perl GNU Info Files on AmigaOS
9136 =item Perl LaTeX Documentation on AmigaOS
9140 =item BUILDING PERL ON AMIGAOS
9144 =item Build Prerequisites for Perl on AmigaOS
9146 =item Getting the Perl Source for AmigaOS
9148 =item Making Perl on AmigaOS
9150 =item Testing Perl on AmigaOS
9152 =item Installing the built Perl on AmigaOS
9156 =item PERL 5.8.0 BROKEN IN AMIGAOS
9164 =head2 perlapollo, README.apollo - Perl version 5 on Apollo DomainOS
9174 =head2 perlbeos, README.beos - Perl version 5.8+ on BeOS
9180 =item BUILD AND INSTALL
9194 =item KNOWN PROBLEMS
9200 =head2 perlbs2000, README.BS2000 - building and installing Perl for BS2000.
9210 =item gzip on BS2000
9212 =item bison on BS2000
9214 =item Unpacking Perl Distribution on BS2000
9216 =item Compiling Perl on BS2000
9218 =item Testing Perl on BS2000
9220 =item Installing Perl on BS2000
9222 =item Using Perl in the Posix-Shell of BS2000
9224 =item Using Perl in "native" BS2000
9226 =item Floating point anomalies on BS2000
9228 =item Using PerlIO and different encodings on ASCII and EBCDIC partitions
9246 =head2 perlce - Perl for WinCE
9250 =item Building Perl for WinCE
9256 =item General explanations on cross-compiling WinCE
9260 Microsoft Embedded Visual Tools, Microsoft Visual C++, Rainer Keuchel's
9261 celib-sources, Rainer Keuchel's console-sources, go to C<./win32>
9262 subdirectory, edit file C<compile.bat>, run compile.bat, run
9267 =item Using Perl on WinCE
9277 PERL5LIB, PATH, TMP, UNIXROOTPATH, ROWS/COLS, HOME, CONSOLEFONTSIZE
9289 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
9291 =item History of WinCE port
9295 Rainer Keuchel <coyxc@rainer-keuchel.de>, Vadim Konovalov
9299 =head2 perlcygwin, README.cygwin - Perl for Cygwin
9305 =item PREREQUISITES FOR COMPILING PERL ON CYGWIN
9309 =item Cygwin = GNU+Cygnus+Windows (Don't leave UNIX without it)
9311 =item Cygwin Configuration
9313 C<PATH>, I<nroff>, Permissions
9317 =item CONFIGURE PERL ON CYGWIN
9321 =item Stripping Perl Binaries on Cygwin
9323 =item Optional Libraries for Perl on Cygwin
9325 C<-lcrypt>, C<-lgdbm> (C<use GDBM_File>), C<-ldb> (C<use DB_File>),
9326 C<-lcygipc> (C<use IPC::SysV>), C<-lutil>
9328 =item Configure-time Options for Perl on Cygwin
9330 C<-Uusedl>, C<-Uusemymalloc>, C<-Uuseperlio>, C<-Dusemultiplicity>,
9331 C<-Duse64bitint>, C<-Duselongdouble>, C<-Dusethreads>, C<-Duselargefiles>,
9334 =item Suspicious Warnings on Cygwin
9336 I<dlsym()>, Win9x and C<d_eofnblk>, Compiler/Preprocessor defines
9340 =item MAKE ON CYGWIN
9344 =item Errors on Cygwin
9350 =item TEST ON CYGWIN
9354 =item File Permissions on Cygwin
9356 =item NDBM_File and ODBM_File do not work on FAT filesystems
9358 =item C<fork()> failures in io_* tests
9362 =item Specific features of the Cygwin port
9366 =item Script Portability on Cygwin
9368 Pathnames, Text/Binary, PerlIO, F<.exe>, cygwin vs. windows process ids,
9369 C<chown()>, Miscellaneous
9371 =item Prebuilt methods:
9373 C<Cwd::cwd>, C<Cygwin::pid_to_winpid>, C<Cygwin::winpid_to_pid>
9377 =item INSTALL PERL ON CYGWIN
9379 =item MANIFEST ON CYGWIN
9381 Documentation, Build, Configure, Make, Install, Tests, Compiled Perl
9382 Source, Compiled Module Source, Perl Modules/Scripts
9384 =item BUGS ON CYGWIN
9392 =head2 perldgux - Perl under DG/UX.
9404 =item BUILDING PERL ON DG/UX
9408 =item Non-threaded Perl on DG/UX
9410 =item Threaded Perl on DG/UX
9412 =item Testing Perl on DG/UX
9414 =item Installing the built perl on DG/UX
9424 =head2 perldos - Perl under DOS, W31, W95.
9434 =item Prerequisites for Compiling Perl on DOS
9438 =item Shortcomings of Perl under DOS
9440 =item Building Perl on DOS
9442 =item Testing Perl on DOS
9444 =item Installation of Perl on DOS
9448 =item BUILDING AND INSTALLING MODULES ON DOS
9452 =item Building Prerequisites for Perl on DOS
9454 =item Unpacking CPAN Modules on DOS
9456 =item Building Non-XS Modules on DOS
9458 =item Building XS Modules on DOS
9468 =head2 perlepoc, README.epoc - Perl for EPOC
9476 =item INSTALLING PERL ON EPOC
9478 =item STARTING PERL ON EPOC
9482 =item Editors on Epoc
9484 =item Features of Perl on Epoc
9486 =item Restrictions of Perl on Epoc
9488 =item Compiling Perl 5 on the EPOC cross compiling environment
9492 =item SUPPORT STATUS OF PERL ON EPOC
9500 =head2 perlfreebsd, README.freebsd - Perl version 5 on FreeBSD systems
9508 =item FreeBSD core dumps from readdir_r with ithreads
9510 =item $^X doesn't always contain a full path in FreeBSD
9512 =item Perl will no longer be part of "base FreeBSD"
9520 =head2 perlhpux, README.hpux - Perl version 5 on Hewlett-Packard Unix
9529 =item Using perl as shipped with HP-UX
9531 =item Using perl from HP's porting centre
9533 =item Compiling Perl 5 on HP-UX
9537 =item Portability Between PA-RISC Versions
9545 =item Itanium Processor Family and HP-UX
9547 =item Itanium & Itanium 2
9549 =item Building Dynamic Extensions on HP-UX
9551 =item The HP ANSI C Compiler
9553 =item The GNU C Compiler
9555 =item Using Large Files with Perl on HP-UX
9557 =item Threaded Perl on HP-UX
9559 =item 64-bit Perl on HP-UX
9561 =item Oracle on HP-UX
9563 =item GDBM and Threads on HP-UX
9565 =item NFS filesystems and utime(2) on HP-UX
9567 =item perl -P and // and HP-UX
9569 =item HP-UX Kernel Parameters (maxdsiz) for Compiling Perl
9573 =item nss_delete core dump from op/pwent or op/grent
9581 =head2 perlhurd, README.hurd - Perl version 5 on Hurd
9589 =item Known Problems with Perl on Hurd
9597 =head2 perlirix, README.irix - Perl version 5 on Irix systems
9605 =item Building 32-bit Perl in Irix
9607 =item Building 64-bit Perl in Irix
9609 =item About Compiler Versions of Irix
9611 =item Linker Problems in Irix
9613 =item Malloc in Irix
9615 =item Building with threads in Irix
9625 =head2 perllinux, README.linux - Perl version 5 on Linux systems
9633 =item Experimental Support for Sun Studio Compilers for Linux OS
9641 =head2 perlmachten, README.machten - Perl version 5 on Power MachTen
9650 =item Perl version 5.8.x and greater not supported
9652 =item Compiling Perl 5.6.x on MachTen
9654 =item Failures during C<make test> on MachTen
9656 op/lexassign.t, pragma/warnings.t
9658 =item Building external modules on MachTen
9668 =head2 perlmacos, README.macos - Perl under Mac OS (Classic)
9682 =head2 perlmacosx, README.macosx - Perl under Mac OS X
9692 =item Installation Prefix
9696 =item Universal Binary support
9698 =item 64-bit PPC support
9700 =item libperl and Prebinding
9702 =item Updating Apple's Perl
9704 =item Known problems
9714 =item Starting From Scratch
9722 =head2 perlmint, README.mint - Perl version 5 on Atari MiNT
9728 =item Known problems with Perl on MiNT
9734 =head2 perlmpeix, README.mpeix - Perl/iX for HP e3000 MPE
9742 =item Binary distribution from HP
9744 =item What's New in Perl for MPE/iX
9746 =item Welcome to Perl/iX
9748 =item System Requirements for Perl/iX
9750 =item How to Obtain Perl/iX
9752 =item Perl/iX Distribution Contents Highlights
9754 README, INSTALL, LIBSHP3K, PERL, .cpan/, lib/, man/,
9755 public_html/feedback.cgi, src/perl-5.6.0-mpe
9757 =item How to Compile Perl/iX
9761 =item Getting Started with Perl/iX
9763 =item MPE/iX Implementation Considerations
9765 =item Known Perl/iX Bugs Under Investigation
9767 =item Perl/iX To-Do List
9769 =item Perl/iX Change History
9775 =head2 perlnetware - Perl for NetWare
9789 SetNWBld.bat, Buildtype.bat
9801 =item BUILD NEW EXTENSIONS
9803 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
9811 =head2 perlopenbsd, README.openbsd - Perl version 5 on OpenBSD systems
9819 =item OpenBSD core dumps from getprotobyname_r and getservbyname_r with
9828 =head2 perlos2 - Perl under OS/2, DOS, Win0.3*, Win0.95 and WinNT.
9848 EMX, RSX, HPFS, pdksh
9850 =item Starting Perl programs under OS/2 (and DOS and...)
9852 =item Starting OS/2 (and DOS) programs under Perl
9856 =item Frequently asked questions
9860 =item "It does not work"
9862 =item I cannot run external programs
9864 =item I cannot embed perl into my program, or use F<perl.dll> from my
9867 Is your program EMX-compiled with C<-Zmt -Zcrtdll>?, Did you use
9870 =item C<``> and pipe-C<open> do not work under DOS.
9872 =item Cannot start C<find.exe "pattern" file>
9880 =item Automatic binary installation
9882 C<PERL_BADLANG>, C<PERL_BADFREE>, F<Config.pm>
9884 =item Manual binary installation
9886 Perl VIO and PM executables (dynamically linked), Perl_ VIO executable
9887 (statically linked), Executables for Perl utilities, Main Perl library,
9888 Additional Perl modules, Tools to compile Perl modules, Manpages for Perl
9889 and utilities, Manpages for Perl modules, Source for Perl documentation,
9890 Perl manual in F<.INF> format, Pdksh
9896 =item Accessing documentation
9900 =item OS/2 F<.INF> file
9908 =item GNU C<info> files
9920 =item The short story
9924 =item Getting perl source
9926 =item Application of the patches
9934 A lot of C<bad free>, Process terminated by SIGTERM/SIGINT, F<op/fs.t>,
9937 =item Installing the built perl
9939 =item C<a.out>-style build
9943 =item Building a binary distribution
9945 =item Building custom F<.EXE> files
9949 =item Making executables with a custom collection of statically loaded
9952 =item Making executables with a custom search-paths
9960 =item Some C</> became C<\> in pdksh.
9962 =item C<'errno'> - unresolved external
9964 =item Problems with tr or sed
9966 =item Some problem (forget which ;-)
9968 =item Library ... not found
9970 =item Segfault in make
9972 =item op/sprintf test failure
9976 =item Specific (mis)features of OS/2 port
9980 =item C<setpriority>, C<getpriority>
9984 =item C<extproc> on the first line
9986 =item Additional modules:
9988 =item Prebuilt methods:
9990 C<File::Copy::syscopy>, C<DynaLoader::mod2fname>, C<Cwd::current_drive()>,
9991 C<Cwd::sys_chdir(name)>, C<Cwd::change_drive(name)>,
9992 C<Cwd::sys_is_absolute(name)>, C<Cwd::sys_is_rooted(name)>,
9993 C<Cwd::sys_is_relative(name)>, C<Cwd::sys_cwd(name)>,
9994 C<Cwd::sys_abspath(name, dir)>, C<Cwd::extLibpath([type])>,
9995 C<Cwd::extLibpath_set( path [, type ] )>,
9996 C<OS2::Error(do_harderror,do_exception)>, C<OS2::Errors2Drive(drive)>,
9997 OS2::SysInfo(), OS2::BootDrive(), C<OS2::MorphPM(serve)>,
9998 C<OS2::UnMorphPM(serve)>, C<OS2::Serve_Messages(force)>,
9999 C<OS2::Process_Messages(force [, cnt])>, C<OS2::_control87(new,mask)>,
10000 OS2::get_control87(), C<OS2::set_control87_em(new=MCW_EM,mask=MCW_EM)>,
10001 C<OS2::DLLname([how [, \&xsub]])>
10003 =item Prebuilt variables:
10005 $OS2::emx_rev, $OS2::emx_env, $OS2::os_ver, $OS2::is_aout, $OS2::can_fork,
10010 =item Modifications
10012 C<popen>, C<tmpnam>, C<tmpfile>, C<ctermid>, C<stat>, C<mkdir>, C<rmdir>,
10015 =item Identifying DLLs
10017 =item Centralized management of resources
10019 C<HAB>, C<HMQ>, Treating errors reported by OS/2 API,
10020 C<CheckOSError(expr)>, C<CheckWinError(expr)>, C<SaveWinError(expr)>,
10021 C<SaveCroakWinError(expr,die,name1,name2)>, C<WinError_2_Perl_rc>,
10022 C<FillWinError>, C<FillOSError(rc)>, Loading DLLs and ordinals in DLLs
10034 =item F<perl__.exe>
10036 =item F<perl___.exe>
10038 =item Why strange names?
10040 =item Why dynamic linking?
10042 =item Why chimera build?
10050 =item C<PERLLIB_PREFIX>
10052 =item C<PERL_BADLANG>
10054 =item C<PERL_BADFREE>
10056 =item C<PERL_SH_DIR>
10058 =item C<USE_PERL_FLOCK>
10060 =item C<TMP> or C<TEMP>
10068 =item Text-mode filehandles
10072 =item DLL name mangling: pre 5.6.2
10074 =item DLL name mangling: 5.6.2 and beyond
10076 Global DLLs, specific DLLs, C<BEGINLIBPATH> and C<ENDLIBPATH>, F<.> from
10079 =item DLL forwarder generation
10083 =item Calls to external programs
10085 =item Memory allocation
10089 C<COND_WAIT>, F<os2.c>
10105 =head2 perlos390, README.os390 - building and installing Perl for OS/390
10118 =item Unpacking Perl distribution on OS/390
10120 =item Setup and utilities for Perl on OS/390
10122 =item Configure Perl on OS/390
10124 =item Build, Test, Install Perl on OS/390
10126 =item Build Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
10128 =item Testing Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
10130 =item Installation Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
10132 =item Usage Hints for Perl on OS/390
10134 =item Floating Point Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
10136 =item Modules and Extensions for Perl on OS/390
10146 =item Mailing list for Perl on OS/390
10154 =head2 perlos400, README.os400 - Perl version 5 on OS/400
10162 =item Compiling Perl for OS/400 PASE
10164 =item Installing Perl in OS/400 PASE
10166 =item Using Perl in OS/400 PASE
10168 =item Known Problems
10178 =head2 perlplan9 - Plan 9-specific documentation for Perl
10186 =item Invoking Perl
10188 =item What's in Plan 9 Perl
10190 =item What's not in Plan 9 Perl
10192 =item Perl5 Functions not currently supported in Plan 9 Perl
10194 =item Signals in Plan 9 Perl
10198 =item COMPILING AND INSTALLING PERL ON PLAN 9
10202 =item Installing Perl Documentation on Plan 9
10208 =item Revision date
10214 =head2 perlqnx, README.qnx - Perl version 5 on QNX
10222 =item Required Software for Compiling Perl on QNX4
10224 /bin/sh, ar, nm, cpp, make
10226 =item Outstanding Issues with Perl on QNX4
10228 =item QNX auxiliary files
10232 =item Outstanding issues with perl under QNX6
10240 =head2 perlriscos, README.riscos - Perl version 5 for RISC OS
10252 =head2 perlsolaris, README.solaris - Perl version 5 on Solaris systems
10260 =item Solaris Version Numbers.
10266 Solaris FAQ, Precompiled Binaries, Solaris Documentation
10272 =item File Extraction Problems on Solaris.
10274 =item Compiler and Related Tools on Solaris.
10276 =item Environment for Compiling perl on Solaris
10280 =item RUN CONFIGURE.
10284 =item 64-bit perl on Solaris.
10286 =item Threads in perl on Solaris.
10288 =item Malloc Issues with perl on Solaris.
10292 =item MAKE PROBLEMS.
10294 Dynamic Loading Problems With GNU as and GNU ld, ld.so.1: ./perl: fatal:
10295 relocation error:, dlopen: stub interception failed, #error "No
10296 DATAMODEL_NATIVE specified", sh: ar: not found
10302 =item op/stat.t test 4 in Solaris
10304 =item nss_delete core dump from op/pwent or op/grent
10308 =item PREBUILT BINARIES OF PERL FOR SOLARIS.
10310 =item RUNTIME ISSUES FOR PERL ON SOLARIS.
10314 =item Limits on Numbers of Open Files on Solaris.
10318 =item SOLARIS-SPECIFIC MODULES.
10320 =item SOLARIS-SPECIFIC PROBLEMS WITH MODULES.
10324 =item Proc::ProcessTable on Solaris
10326 =item BSD::Resource on Solaris
10328 =item Net::SSLeay on Solaris
10338 =head2 perlsymbian, README.symbian - Perl version 5 on Symbian OS
10346 =item Compiling Perl on Symbian
10348 =item Compilation problems
10354 =item Using Perl in Symbian
10374 =head2 perltru64, README.tru64 - Perl version 5 on Tru64 (formerly known as
10375 Digital UNIX formerly known as DEC OSF/1) systems
10383 =item Compiling Perl 5 on Tru64
10385 =item Using Large Files with Perl on Tru64
10387 =item Threaded Perl on Tru64
10389 =item Long Doubles on Tru64
10391 =item DB_File tests failing on Tru64
10393 =item 64-bit Perl on Tru64
10395 =item Warnings about floating-point overflow when compiling Perl on Tru64
10399 =item Testing Perl on Tru64
10401 =item ext/ODBM_File/odbm Test Failing With Static Builds
10403 =item Perl Fails Because Of Unresolved Symbol sockatmark
10409 =head2 perluts - Perl under UTS
10417 =item BUILDING PERL ON UTS
10419 =item Installing the built perl on UTS
10425 =head2 perlvmesa, README.vmesa - building and installing Perl for VM/ESA.
10435 =item Unpacking Perl Distribution on VM/ESA
10437 =item Setup Perl and utilities on VM/ESA
10439 =item Configure Perl on VM/ESA
10441 =item Testing Anomalies of Perl on VM/ESA
10443 =item Usage Hints for Perl on VM/ESA
10453 =item Mailing list for Perl on VM/ESA
10459 =head2 perlvms - VMS-specific documentation for Perl
10467 =item Organization of Perl Images
10473 =item Perl Extensions
10475 =item Installing static extensions
10477 =item Installing dynamic extensions
10481 =item File specifications
10487 =item Wildcard expansion
10493 =item PERL5LIB and PERLLIB
10495 =item PERL_VMS_EXCEPTION_DEBUG
10501 =item I/O redirection and backgrounding
10503 =item Command line switches
10509 =item Perl functions
10511 File tests, backticks, binmode FILEHANDLE, crypt PLAINTEXT, USER, die,
10512 dump, exec LIST, fork, getpwent, getpwnam, getpwuid, gmtime, kill, qx//,
10513 select (system call), stat EXPR, system LIST, time, times, unlink LIST,
10514 utime LIST, waitpid PID,FLAGS
10516 =item Perl variables
10518 %ENV, CRTL_ENV, CLISYM_[LOCAL], Any other string, $!, $^E, $?, $|
10520 =item Standard modules with VMS-specific differences
10528 =item Revision date
10534 =head2 perlvos, README.vos - Perl for Stratus VOS
10540 =item BUILDING PERL FOR VOS
10542 =item INSTALLING PERL IN VOS
10544 =item USING PERL IN VOS
10548 =item Restrictions of Perl on VOS
10550 =item Handling of underflow and overflow
10556 =item SUPPORT STATUS
10564 =head2 perlwin32 - Perl under Windows
10574 =item Setting Up Perl on Win32
10576 Make, Command Shell, Borland C++, Microsoft Visual C++, Microsoft Visual
10577 C++ Toolkit 2003, Microsoft Platform SDK 64-bit Compiler, MinGW release 3
10578 with gcc, MinGW release 1 with gcc
10582 =item Testing Perl on Win32
10584 =item Installation of Perl on Win32
10586 =item Usage Hints for Perl on Win32
10588 Environment Variables, File Globbing, Using perl from the command line,
10589 Building Extensions, Command-line Wildcard Expansion, Win32 Specific
10590 Extensions, Notes on 64-bit Windows
10592 =item Running Perl Scripts
10594 =item Miscellaneous Things
10598 =item BUGS AND CAVEATS
10600 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
10604 Gary Ng E<lt>71564.1743@CompuServe.COME<gt>, Gurusamy Sarathy
10605 E<lt>gsar@activestate.comE<gt>, Nick Ing-Simmons
10606 E<lt>nick@ing-simmons.netE<gt>, Jan Dubois E<lt>jand@activestate.comE<gt>,
10607 Steve Hay E<lt>steve.hay@uk.radan.comE<gt>
10615 =head1 PRAGMA DOCUMENTATION
10617 =head2 attrs - set/get attributes of a subroutine (deprecated)
10629 =head2 re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour
10639 =head2 threadshared::shared, threads::shared - Perl extension for sharing
10640 data structures between threads
10652 share VARIABLE, lock VARIABLE, cond_wait VARIABLE, cond_wait CONDVAR,
10653 LOCKVAR, cond_timedwait VARIABLE, ABS_TIMEOUT, cond_timedwait CONDVAR,
10654 ABS_TIMEOUT, LOCKVAR, cond_signal VARIABLE, cond_broadcast VARIABLE
10666 =head2 threads - Perl interpreter-based threads
10676 $thr = threads->create(FUNCTION, ARGS), $thr->join(), $thr->detach(),
10677 threads->detach(), threads->self(), $thr->tid(), threads->tid(),
10678 threads->object($tid), threads->yield(), threads->list(),
10679 $thr1->equal($thr2), async BLOCK;, $thr->_handle(), threads->_handle()
10681 =item THREAD CONTEXT
10685 =item Explicit context
10687 =item Implicit context
10691 =item THREAD STACK SIZE
10693 threads->get_stack_size();, $size = $thr->get_stack_size();, $old_size =
10694 threads->set_stack_size($new_size);, use threads ('stack_size' => VALUE);,
10695 $ENV{'PERL5_ITHREADS_STACK_SIZE'}, threads->create({'stack_size' => VALUE},
10696 FUNCTION, ARGS), $thr2 = $thr1->create(FUNCTION, ARGS)
10698 =item THREAD SIGNALLING
10700 $thr->kill('SIG...');
10704 A thread exited while # other threads were still running, Thread creation
10705 failed: pthread_create returned #, Thread # terminated abnormally: ..,
10706 Using minimum thread stack size of #, Thread creation failed:
10707 pthread_attr_setstacksize(I<SIZE>) returned 22
10711 This Perl not built to support threads, Cannot change stack size of an
10712 existing thread, Cannot signal other threads without safe signals,
10713 Unrecognized signal name: ..
10717 Parent-child threads, Creating threads inside special blocks, Unsafe
10718 signals, Perl was been built with C<PERL_OLD_SIGNALS> (see C<perl -V>), The
10719 environment variable C<PERL_SIGNALS> is set to C<unsafe> (see
10720 L<perlrun/"PERL_SIGNALS">), The module L<Perl::Unsafe::Signals> is used,
10721 Returning closures from threads, Perl Bugs and the CPAN Version of
10730 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
10734 =head2 assertions - select assertions in blocks of code
10744 =item Selecting assertions
10746 =item Handling assertions your own way
10748 enabled($on), enabled(), seen($on), seen()
10752 =item COMPATIBILITY
10758 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
10762 =head2 assertions::activate - activate assertions
10774 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
10778 =head2 assertions::compat - assertions for pre-5.9 versions of perl
10788 =item The C<assertion> attribute handler
10790 =item Assertion execution status as a constant
10798 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
10802 =head2 attributes - get/set subroutine or variable attributes
10812 =item Built-in Attributes
10814 locked, method, lvalue
10816 =item Available Subroutines
10820 =item Package-specific Attribute Handling
10822 FETCH_I<type>_ATTRIBUTES, MODIFY_I<type>_ATTRIBUTES
10824 =item Syntax of Attribute Lists
10832 =item Default exports
10834 =item Available exports
10836 =item Export tags defined
10846 =head2 autouse - postpone load of modules until a function is used
10862 =head2 base - Establish IS-A relationship with base classes at compile time
10872 Base class package "%s" is empty
10882 =head2 bigint - Transparent BigInteger support for Perl
10894 a or accuracy, p or precision, t or trace, l or lib, v or version
10898 =item Internal Format
10920 =head2 bignum - Transparent BigNumber support for Perl
10932 a or accuracy, p or precision, t or trace, l or lib, v or version
10938 inf(), NaN(), upgrade()
10942 =item INTERNAL FORMAT
10960 =head2 bigrat - Transparent BigNumber/BigRational support for Perl
10982 a or accuracy, p or precision, t or trace, l or lib, v or version
10988 perl -Mbigrat -le 'print sqrt(33)'
10989 perl -Mbigrat -le 'print 2*255'
10990 perl -Mbigrat -le 'print 4.5+2*255'
10991 perl -Mbigrat -le 'print 3/7 + 5/7 + 8/3'
10992 perl -Mbigrat -le 'print 12->is_odd()';
11002 =head2 blib - Use MakeMaker's uninstalled version of a package
11016 =head2 bytes - Perl pragma to force byte semantics rather than character
11031 =head2 charnames - define character names for C<\N{named}> string literal
11040 =item CUSTOM TRANSLATORS
11042 =item CUSTOM ALIASES
11046 =item Anonymous hashes
11050 =item Alias shortcut
11054 =item charnames::viacode(code)
11056 =item charnames::vianame(name)
11060 =item ILLEGAL CHARACTERS
11066 =head2 constant - Perl pragma to declare constants
11078 =item List constants
11080 =item Defining multiple constants at once
11082 =item Magic constants
11086 =item TECHNICAL NOTES
11096 =head2 diagnostics, splain - produce verbose warning diagnostics
11106 =item The C<diagnostics> Pragma
11108 =item The I<splain> Program
11122 =head2 encoding - allows you to write your script in non-ascii or non-utf8
11132 =item Literal Conversions
11134 =item PerlIO layers for C<STD(IN|OUT)>
11136 =item Implicit upgrading for byte strings
11140 =item FEATURES THAT REQUIRE 5.8.1
11142 "NON-EUC" doublebyte encodings, tr//, DATA pseudo-filehandle
11146 use encoding [I<ENCNAME>] ;, use encoding I<ENCNAME> [ STDIN =E<gt>
11147 I<ENCNAME_IN> ...] ;, use encoding I<ENCNAME> Filter=E<gt>1;, no encoding;
11149 =item The Filter Option
11153 =item Filter-related changes at Encode version 1.87
11163 =item DO NOT MIX MULTIPLE ENCODINGS
11165 =item tr/// with ranges
11167 Legend of characters above
11171 =item EXAMPLE - Greekperl
11173 =item KNOWN PROBLEMS
11175 literals in regex that are longer than 127 bytes, EBCDIC, format
11179 =item The Logic of :locale
11189 =head2 encoding::warnings - Warn on implicit encoding conversions
11201 =item Overview of the problem
11203 =item Detecting the problem
11205 =item Solving the problem
11207 Upgrade both sides to unicode-strings, Downgrade both sides to
11208 byte-strings, Specify the encoding for implicit byte-string upgrading,
11209 PerlIO layers for B<STDIN> and B<STDOUT>, Literal conversions, Implicit
11210 upgrading for byte-strings
11228 =head2 feature - Perl pragma to enable new syntactic features
11238 =item The 'switch' feature
11240 =item The '~~' feature
11242 =item The 'say' feature
11244 =item the 'err' feature
11246 =item the 'dor' feature
11248 =item the 'state' feature
11252 =item FEATURE BUNDLES
11256 =head2 fields - compile-time class fields
11270 =head2 filetest - Perl pragma to control the filetest permission operators
11280 =item subpragma access
11286 =head2 if - C<use> a Perl module if a condition holds
11300 =head2 integer - Perl pragma to use integer arithmetic instead of floating
11311 =head2 less - perl pragma to request less of something from the compiler
11321 =head2 lib - manipulate @INC at compile time
11331 =item Adding directories to @INC
11333 =item Deleting directories from @INC
11335 =item Restoring original @INC
11349 =head2 locale - Perl pragma to use and avoid POSIX locales for built-in
11360 =head2 open - perl pragma to set default PerlIO layers for input and output
11368 =item NONPERLIO FUNCTIONALITY
11370 =item IMPLEMENTATION DETAILS
11376 =head2 ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when compiling
11388 =head2 overload - Package for overloading Perl operations
11398 =item Declaration of overloaded functions
11400 =item Calling Conventions for Binary Operations
11402 FALSE, TRUE, C<undef>
11404 =item Calling Conventions for Unary Operations
11406 =item Calling Conventions for Mutators
11408 C<++> and C<-->, C<x=> and other assignment versions
11410 =item Overloadable Operations
11412 I<Arithmetic operations>, I<Comparison operations>, I<Bit operations>,
11413 I<Increment and decrement>, I<Transcendental functions>, I<Boolean, string
11414 and numeric conversion>, I<Iteration>, I<Dereferencing>, I<Special>
11416 =item Inheritance and overloading
11418 Strings as values of C<use overload> directive, Overloading of an operation
11419 is inherited by derived classes
11423 =item SPECIAL SYMBOLS FOR C<use overload>
11431 C<undef>, TRUE, defined, but FALSE
11435 =item Copy Constructor
11441 =item MAGIC AUTOGENERATION
11443 I<Assignment forms of arithmetic operations>, I<Conversion operations>,
11444 I<Increment and decrement>, C<abs($a)>, I<Unary minus>, I<Negation>,
11445 I<Concatenation>, I<Comparison operations>, I<Iterator>, I<Dereferencing>,
11448 =item Minimal set of overloaded operations
11450 =item Losing overloading
11452 =item Run-time Overloading
11454 =item Public functions
11456 overload::StrVal(arg), overload::Overloaded(arg), overload::Method(obj,op)
11458 =item Overloading constants
11460 integer, float, binary, q, qr
11462 =item IMPLEMENTATION
11464 =item Metaphor clash
11470 =item Two-face scalars
11472 =item Two-face references
11474 =item Symbolic calculator
11476 =item I<Really> symbolic calculator
11484 Odd number of arguments for overload::constant, `%s' is not an overloadable
11485 type, `%s' is not a code reference
11491 =head2 sigtrap - Perl pragma to enable simple signal handling
11503 =item SIGNAL HANDLERS
11505 B<stack-trace>, B<die>, B<handler> I<your-handler>
11509 B<normal-signals>, B<error-signals>, B<old-interface-signals>
11513 B<untrapped>, B<any>, I<signal>, I<number>
11521 =head2 sort - perl pragma to control sort() behaviour
11533 =head2 strict - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe constructs
11541 C<strict refs>, C<strict vars>, C<strict subs>
11547 =head2 subs - Perl pragma to predeclare sub names
11557 =head2 threadshared, threads::shared - Perl extension for sharing data
11558 structures between threads
11570 share VARIABLE, lock VARIABLE, cond_wait VARIABLE, cond_wait CONDVAR,
11571 LOCKVAR, cond_timedwait VARIABLE, ABS_TIMEOUT, cond_timedwait CONDVAR,
11572 ABS_TIMEOUT, LOCKVAR, cond_signal VARIABLE, cond_broadcast VARIABLE
11584 =head2 utf8 - Perl pragma to enable/disable UTF-8 (or UTF-EBCDIC) in source
11595 =item Utility functions
11597 $num_octets = utf8::upgrade($string), $success = utf8::downgrade($string[,
11598 FAIL_OK]), utf8::encode($string), utf8::decode($string), $flag =
11599 utf8::is_utf8(STRING), $flag = utf8::valid(STRING)
11609 =head2 vars - Perl pragma to predeclare global variable names (obsolete)
11619 =head2 version - Perl extension for Version Objects
11629 =item BEST PRACTICES
11631 Be consistent, Be careful
11633 =item What IS a version
11635 Numeric Versions, Extended Versions
11637 =item Numeric Versions
11639 =item Extended Versions
11641 =item Numeric Alpha Versions
11643 =item Object Methods
11645 New Operator, qv(), Normal Form, Numification, Stringification, Comparison
11646 operators, Logical Operators
11650 =item What about v-strings?
11652 =item Types of Versions Objects
11654 Ordinary versions, Alpha Versions
11656 =item Replacement UNIVERSAL::VERSION
11670 =head2 vmsish - Perl pragma to control VMS-specific language features
11678 C<vmsish status>, C<vmsish exit>, C<vmsish time>, C<vmsish hushed>
11682 =head2 warnings - Perl pragma to control optional warnings
11690 use warnings::register, warnings::enabled(), warnings::enabled($category),
11691 warnings::enabled($object), warnings::warn($message),
11692 warnings::warn($category, $message), warnings::warn($object, $message),
11693 warnings::warnif($message), warnings::warnif($category, $message),
11694 warnings::warnif($object, $message)
11698 =head2 warnings::register - warnings import function
11708 =head1 MODULE DOCUMENTATION
11710 =head2 AnyDBM_File - provide framework for multiple DBMs
11720 =item DBM Comparisons
11730 =head2 Archive::Tar - module for manipulations of tar archives
11738 =item Object Methods
11742 =item Archive::Tar->new( [$file, $compressed] )
11750 =item $tar->read ( $filename|$handle, $compressed, {opt => 'val'} )
11758 =item $tar->contains_file( $filename )
11764 =item $tar->extract( [@filenames] )
11770 =item $tar->extract_file( $file, [$extract_path] )
11776 =item $tar->list_files( [\@properties] )
11782 =item $tar->get_files( [@filenames] )
11788 =item $tar->get_content( $file )
11794 =item $tar->replace_content( $file, $content )
11800 =item $tar->rename( $file, $new_name )
11806 =item $tar->remove (@filenamelist)
11818 =item $tar->write ( [$file, $compressed, $prefix] )
11824 =item $tar->add_files( @filenamelist )
11830 =item $tar->add_data ( $filename, $data, [$opthashref] )
11832 FILE, HARDLINK, SYMLINK, CHARDEV, BLOCKDEV, DIR, FIFO, SOCKET
11838 =item $tar->error( [$BOOL] )
11844 =item $bool = $tar->has_io_string
11850 =item $bool = $tar->has_perlio
11856 =item Class Methods
11860 =item Archive::Tar->create_archive($file, $compression, @filelist)
11868 =item Archive::Tar->list_archive ($file, $compressed, [\@properties])
11874 =item Archive::Tar->extract_archive ($file, $gzip)
11880 =item Archive::Tar->can_handle_compressed_files
11886 =item GLOBAL VARIABLES
11890 =item $Archive::Tar::FOLLOW_SYMLINK
11892 =item $Archive::Tar::CHOWN
11894 =item $Archive::Tar::CHMOD
11896 =item $Archive::Tar::DO_NOT_USE_PREFIX
11898 =item $Archive::Tar::DEBUG
11900 =item $Archive::Tar::WARN
11902 =item $Archive::Tar::error
11904 =item $Archive::Tar::HAS_PERLIO
11906 =item $Archive::Tar::HAS_IO_STRING
11912 What's the minimum perl version required to run Archive::Tar?, Isn't
11913 Archive::Tar slow?, Isn't Archive::Tar heavier on memory than /bin/tar?,
11914 Can't you lazy-load data instead?, How much memory will an X kb tar file
11915 need?, What do you do with unsupported filetypes in an archive?, How do I
11916 extract only files that have property X from an archive?, How do I access
11921 Check if passed in handles are open for read/write, Allow archives to be
11922 passed in as string, Facilitate processing an opened filehandle of a
11927 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
11933 =head2 Archive::Tar::File - a subclass for in-memory extracted file from
11946 name, mode, uid, gid, size, mtime, chksum, type, linkname, magic, version,
11947 uname, gname, devmajor, devminor, prefix, raw
11955 =item new( file => $path )
11957 =item new( data => $path, $data, $opt )
11959 =item new( chunk => $chunk )
11991 =item get_content_by_ref
11997 =item replace_content( $content )
12003 =item rename( $new_name )
12009 =item Convenience methods
12011 is_file, is_dir, is_hardlink, is_symlink, is_chardev, is_blockdev, is_fifo,
12012 is_socket, is_longlink, is_label, is_unknown
12016 =head2 Attribute::Handlers - Simpler definition of attribute handlers
12026 [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5]
12030 =item Typed lexicals
12032 =item Type-specific attribute handlers
12034 =item Non-interpretive attribute handlers
12036 =item Phase-specific attribute handlers
12038 =item Attributes as C<tie> interfaces
12046 C<Bad attribute type: ATTR(%s)>, C<Attribute handler %s doesn't handle %s
12047 attributes>, C<Declaration of %s attribute in package %s may clash with
12048 future reserved word>, C<Can't have two ATTR specifiers on one subroutine>,
12049 C<Can't autotie a %s>, C<Internal error: %s symbol went missing>, C<Won't
12050 be able to apply END handler>
12060 =head2 AutoLoader - load subroutines only on demand
12070 =item Subroutine Stubs
12072 =item Using B<AutoLoader>'s AUTOLOAD Subroutine
12074 =item Overriding B<AutoLoader>'s AUTOLOAD Subroutine
12076 =item Package Lexicals
12078 =item Not Using AutoLoader
12080 =item B<AutoLoader> vs. B<SelfLoader>
12090 =head2 AutoSplit - split a package for autoloading
12098 $keep, $check, $modtime
12102 =item Multiple packages
12110 =head2 B - The Perl Compiler
12120 =item Utility Functions
12124 =item Functions Returning C<B::SV>, C<B::AV>, C<B::HV>, and C<B::CV>
12127 sv_undef, sv_yes, sv_no, svref_2object(SVREF), amagic_generation, init_av,
12128 check_av, begin_av, end_av, comppadlist, regex_padav, main_cv
12130 =item Functions for Examining the Symbol Table
12132 walksymtable(SYMREF, METHOD, RECURSE, PREFIX)
12134 =item Functions Returning C<B::OP> objects or for walking op trees
12136 main_root, main_start, walkoptree(OP, METHOD), walkoptree_debug(DEBUG)
12138 =item Miscellaneous Utility Functions
12140 ppname(OPNUM), hash(STR), cast_I32(I), minus_c, cstring(STR),
12141 perlstring(STR), class(OBJ), threadsv_names
12145 =item OVERVIEW OF CLASSES
12149 =item SV-RELATED CLASSES
12151 =item B::SV Methods
12153 REFCNT, FLAGS, object_2svref
12155 =item B::IV Methods
12157 IV, IVX, UVX, int_value, needs64bits, packiv
12159 =item B::NV Methods
12163 =item B::RV Methods
12167 =item B::PV Methods
12171 =item B::PVMG Methods
12175 =item B::MAGIC Methods
12177 MOREMAGIC, precomp, PRIVATE, TYPE, FLAGS, OBJ, PTR, REGEX
12179 =item B::PVLV Methods
12181 TARGOFF, TARGLEN, TYPE, TARG
12183 =item B::BM Methods
12185 USEFUL, PREVIOUS, RARE, TABLE
12187 =item B::GV Methods
12189 is_empty, NAME, SAFENAME, STASH, SV, IO, FORM, AV, HV, EGV, CV, CVGEN,
12190 LINE, FILE, FILEGV, GvREFCNT, FLAGS
12192 =item B::IO Methods
12194 LINES, PAGE, PAGE_LEN, LINES_LEFT, TOP_NAME, TOP_GV, FMT_NAME, FMT_GV,
12195 BOTTOM_NAME, BOTTOM_GV, SUBPROCESS, IoTYPE, IoFLAGS, IsSTD
12197 =item B::AV Methods
12199 FILL, MAX, ARRAY, ARRAYelt, OFF, AvFLAGS
12201 =item B::CV Methods
12203 STASH, START, ROOT, GV, FILE, DEPTH, PADLIST, OUTSIDE, OUTSIDE_SEQ, XSUB,
12204 XSUBANY, CvFLAGS, const_sv
12206 =item B::HV Methods
12208 FILL, MAX, KEYS, RITER, NAME, ARRAY, PMROOT
12210 =item OP-RELATED CLASSES
12212 =item B::OP Methods
12214 next, sibling, name, ppaddr, desc, targ, type, opt, static, flags, private,
12217 =item B::UNOP METHOD
12221 =item B::BINOP METHOD
12225 =item B::LOGOP METHOD
12229 =item B::LISTOP METHOD
12233 =item B::PMOP Methods
12235 pmreplroot, pmreplstart, pmnext, pmregexp, pmflags, pmdynflags,
12236 pmpermflags, precomp, pmoffset
12238 =item B::SVOP METHOD
12242 =item B::PADOP METHOD
12246 =item B::PVOP METHOD
12250 =item B::LOOP Methods
12252 redoop, nextop, lastop
12254 =item B::COP Methods
12256 label, stash, stashpv, file, cop_seq, arybase, line, warnings, io, hints
12264 =head2 B::Asmdata - Autogenerated data about Perl ops, used to generate
12273 %insn_data, @insn_name, @optype, @specialsv_name
12279 =head2 B::Assembler - Assemble Perl bytecode
12291 =head2 B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks
12311 =head2 B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend
12323 B<-b>, B<-H>, B<-k>, B<-o>I<outfile>, B<-s>
12333 =head2 B::C - Perl compiler's C backend
12343 B<-ofilename>, B<-v>, B<-->, B<-uPackname>, B<-D>, B<-Do>, B<-Dc>, B<-DA>,
12344 B<-DC>, B<-DM>, B<-f>, B<-fcog>, B<-fsave-data>, B<-fppaddr>, B<-fwarn-sv>,
12345 B<-fuse-script-name>, B<-fsave-sig-hash>, B<-On>, B<-O0>, B<-O1>, B<-O2>,
12356 =head2 B::CC - Perl compiler's optimized C translation backend
12366 B<-ofilename>, B<-v>, B<-->, B<-uPackname>, B<-mModulename>, B<-D>, B<-Dr>,
12367 B<-DO>, B<-Ds>, B<-Dp>, B<-Dq>, B<-Dl>, B<-Dt>, B<-f>,
12368 B<-ffreetmps-each-bblock>, B<-ffreetmps-each-loop>, B<-fomit-taint>, B<-On>
12380 =item Context of ".."
12384 =item Deprecated features
12392 =head2 B::Concise - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing concise info about ops
12406 =item Options for Opcode Ordering
12408 B<-basic>, B<-exec>, B<-tree>
12410 =item Options for Line-Style
12412 B<-concise>, B<-terse>, B<-linenoise>, B<-debug>, B<-env>
12414 =item Options for tree-specific formatting
12416 B<-compact>, B<-loose>, B<-vt>, B<-ascii>
12418 =item Options controlling sequence numbering
12420 B<-base>I<n>, B<-bigendian>, B<-littleendian>
12422 =item Other options
12424 B<-main>, B<-nomain>, B<-nobanner>, B<-banner>, B<-banneris> => subref
12426 =item Option Stickiness
12430 =item ABBREVIATIONS
12434 =item OP class abbreviations
12436 =item OP flags abbreviations
12440 =item FORMATTING SPECIFICATIONS
12444 =item Special Patterns
12446 B<(x(>I<exec_text>B<;>I<basic_text>B<)x)>, B<(*(>I<text>B<)*)>,
12447 B<(*(>I<text1>B<;>I<text2>B<)*)>, B<(?(>I<text1>B<#>I<var>I<Text2>B<)?)>,
12452 B<#>I<var>, B<#>I<var>I<N>, B<#>I<Var>, B<#addr>, B<#arg>, B<#class>,
12453 B<#classsym>, B<#coplabel>, B<#exname>, B<#extarg>, B<#firstaddr>,
12454 B<#flags>, B<#flagval>, B<#hints>, B<#hintsval>, B<#hyphseq>, B<#label>,
12455 B<#lastaddr>, B<#name>, B<#NAME>, B<#next>, B<#nextaddr>, B<#noise>,
12456 B<#private>, B<#privval>, B<#seq>, B<#seqnum>, B<#opt>, B<#static>,
12457 B<#sibaddr>, B<#svaddr>, B<#svclass>, B<#svval>, B<#targ>, B<#targarg>,
12458 B<#targarglife>, B<#typenum>
12462 =item One-Liner Command tips
12464 perl -MO=Concise,bar foo.pl, perl -MDigest::MD5=md5 -MO=Concise,md5 -e1,
12465 perl -MPOSIX -MO=Concise,_POSIX_ARG_MAX -e1, perl -MPOSIX -MO=Concise,a -e
12466 'print _POSIX_SAVED_IDS', perl -MPOSIX -MO=Concise,a -e 'sub
12467 a{_POSIX_SAVED_IDS}'
12469 =item Using B::Concise outside of the O framework
12473 =item Example: Altering Concise Renderings
12477 =item set_style_standard($name)
12481 =item add_callback()
12483 =item Running B::Concise::compile()
12485 =item B::Concise::reset_sequence()
12495 =head2 B::Debug - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing debug info about ops
12507 =head2 B::Deparse - Perl compiler backend to produce perl code
12517 B<-d>, B<-f>I<FILE>, B<-l>, B<-p>, B<-P>, B<-q>, B<-s>I<LETTERS>, B<C>,
12518 B<i>I<NUMBER>, B<T>, B<v>I<STRING>B<.>, B<-x>I<LEVEL>
12520 =item USING B::Deparse AS A MODULE
12530 =item ambient_pragmas
12532 strict, $[, bytes, utf8, integer, re, warnings, hint_bits, warning_bits
12544 =head2 B::Disassembler - Disassemble Perl bytecode
12556 =head2 B::Lint - Perl lint
12564 =item OPTIONS AND LINT CHECKS
12566 B<magic-diamond>, B<context>, B<implicit-read> and B<implicit-write>,
12567 B<bare-subs>, B<dollar-underscore>, B<private-names>, B<undefined-subs>,
12568 B<regexp-variables>, B<all>, B<none>
12570 =item NON LINT-CHECK OPTIONS
12574 =item EXTENDING LINT
12578 while(<FH>) stomps $_, strict oo, unchecked system calls, more tests,
12579 validate against older perls
12587 =head2 B::O, O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends
12597 =item IMPLEMENTATION
12605 =head2 B::Showlex - Show lexical variables used in functions or files
12629 =head2 B::Stackobj - Helper module for CC backend
12641 =head2 B::Stash - show what stashes are loaded
12643 =head2 B::Terse - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing terse info about ops
12655 =head2 B::Xref - Generates cross reference reports for Perl programs
12665 C<-oFILENAME>, C<-r>, C<-d>, C<-D[tO]>
12673 =head2 Bblock, B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks
12693 =head2 Benchmark - benchmark running times of Perl code
12707 =item Standard Exports
12709 timeit(COUNT, CODE), timethis ( COUNT, CODE, [ TITLE, [ STYLE ]] ),
12710 timethese ( COUNT, CODEHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), timediff ( T1, T2 ), timestr (
12711 TIMEDIFF, [ STYLE, [ FORMAT ] ] )
12713 =item Optional Exports
12715 clearcache ( COUNT ), clearallcache ( ), cmpthese ( COUNT, CODEHASHREF, [
12716 STYLE ] ), cmpthese ( RESULTSHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), countit(TIME, CODE),
12717 disablecache ( ), enablecache ( ), timesum ( T1, T2 )
12719 =item :hireswallclock
12735 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
12739 =head2 ByteLoader - load byte compiled perl code
12753 =head2 Bytecode, B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend
12765 B<-b>, B<-H>, B<-k>, B<-o>I<outfile>, B<-s>
12775 =head2 CGI - Simple Common Gateway Interface Class
12787 =item PROGRAMMING STYLE
12789 =item CALLING CGI.PM ROUTINES
12791 =item CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT (OBJECT-ORIENTED STYLE):
12793 =item CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT FROM AN INPUT FILE
12795 =item FETCHING A LIST OF KEYWORDS FROM THE QUERY:
12797 =item FETCHING THE NAMES OF ALL THE PARAMETERS PASSED TO YOUR SCRIPT:
12799 =item FETCHING THE VALUE OR VALUES OF A SINGLE NAMED PARAMETER:
12801 =item SETTING THE VALUE(S) OF A NAMED PARAMETER:
12803 =item APPENDING ADDITIONAL VALUES TO A NAMED PARAMETER:
12805 =item IMPORTING ALL PARAMETERS INTO A NAMESPACE:
12807 =item DELETING A PARAMETER COMPLETELY:
12809 =item DELETING ALL PARAMETERS:
12811 =item HANDLING NON-URLENCODED ARGUMENTS
12813 =item DIRECT ACCESS TO THE PARAMETER LIST:
12815 =item FETCHING THE PARAMETER LIST AS A HASH:
12817 =item SAVING THE STATE OF THE SCRIPT TO A FILE:
12819 =item RETRIEVING CGI ERRORS
12821 =item USING THE FUNCTION-ORIENTED INTERFACE
12823 B<:cgi>, B<:form>, B<:html2>, B<:html3>, B<:html4>, B<:netscape>, B<:html>,
12824 B<:standard>, B<:all>
12828 -any, -compile, -nosticky, -tabindex, -no_undef_params, -no_xhtml, -nph,
12829 -newstyle_urls, -oldstyle_urls, -autoload, -no_debug, -debug,
12832 =item SPECIAL FORMS FOR IMPORTING HTML-TAG FUNCTIONS
12834 1. start_table() (generates a <table> tag), 2. end_table() (generates a
12835 </table> tag), 3. start_ul() (generates a <ul> tag), 4. end_ul() (generates
12840 =item GENERATING DYNAMIC DOCUMENTS
12844 =item CREATING A STANDARD HTTP HEADER:
12846 =item GENERATING A REDIRECTION HEADER
12848 =item CREATING THE HTML DOCUMENT HEADER
12850 B<Parameters:>, 4, 5, 6..
12852 =item ENDING THE HTML DOCUMENT:
12854 =item CREATING A SELF-REFERENCING URL THAT PRESERVES STATE INFORMATION:
12856 =item OBTAINING THE SCRIPT'S URL
12858 B<-absolute>, B<-relative>, B<-full>, B<-path> (B<-path_info>), B<-query>
12859 (B<-query_string>), B<-base>, B<-rewrite>
12861 =item MIXING POST AND URL PARAMETERS
12865 =item CREATING STANDARD HTML ELEMENTS:
12869 =item PROVIDING ARGUMENTS TO HTML SHORTCUTS
12871 =item THE DISTRIBUTIVE PROPERTY OF HTML SHORTCUTS
12873 =item HTML SHORTCUTS AND LIST INTERPOLATION
12875 =item NON-STANDARD HTML SHORTCUTS
12877 =item AUTOESCAPING HTML
12879 $escaped_string = escapeHTML("unescaped string");, $charset =
12880 charset([$charset]);, $flag = autoEscape([$flag]);
12882 =item PRETTY-PRINTING HTML
12886 =item CREATING FILL-OUT FORMS:
12890 =item CREATING AN ISINDEX TAG
12892 =item STARTING AND ENDING A FORM
12894 B<application/x-www-form-urlencoded>, B<multipart/form-data>
12896 =item FORM ELEMENTS
12898 B<-name>, B<-value>, B<-values>, B<-tabindex>, B<-id>, B<-override>,
12899 B<-onChange>, B<-onFocus>, B<-onBlur>, B<-onMouseOver>, B<-onMouseOut>,
12902 =item CREATING A TEXT FIELD
12906 =item CREATING A BIG TEXT FIELD
12908 =item CREATING A PASSWORD FIELD
12910 =item CREATING A FILE UPLOAD FIELD
12914 =item CREATING A POPUP MENU
12916 =item CREATING AN OPTION GROUP
12918 =item CREATING A SCROLLING LIST
12922 =item CREATING A GROUP OF RELATED CHECKBOXES
12926 =item CREATING A STANDALONE CHECKBOX
12930 =item CREATING A RADIO BUTTON GROUP
12934 =item CREATING A SUBMIT BUTTON
12938 =item CREATING A RESET BUTTON
12940 =item CREATING A DEFAULT BUTTON
12942 =item CREATING A HIDDEN FIELD
12946 =item CREATING A CLICKABLE IMAGE BUTTON
12948 B<Parameters:>, 3. The third option (-align, optional) is an alignment
12949 type, and may be TOP, BOTTOM or MIDDLE
12951 =item CREATING A JAVASCRIPT ACTION BUTTON
12957 1. an expiration time, 2. a domain, 3. a path, 4. a "secure" flag,
12958 B<-name>, B<-value>, B<-path>, B<-domain>, B<-expires>, B<-secure>
12960 =item WORKING WITH FRAMES
12962 1. Create a <Frameset> document, 2. Specify the destination for the
12963 document in the HTTP header, 3. Specify the destination for the document in
12966 =item SUPPORT FOR JAVASCRIPT
12968 B<onLoad>, B<onUnload>, B<onSubmit>, B<onClick>, B<onChange>, B<onFocus>,
12969 B<onBlur>, B<onSelect>, B<onMouseOver>, B<onMouseOut>
12971 =item LIMITED SUPPORT FOR CASCADING STYLE SHEETS
12977 =item DUMPING OUT ALL THE NAME/VALUE PAIRS
12981 =item FETCHING ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
12983 B<Accept()>, B<raw_cookie()>, B<user_agent()>, B<path_info()>,
12984 B<path_translated()>, B<remote_host()>, B<script_name()> Return the script
12985 name as a partial URL, for self-refering scripts, B<referer()>, B<auth_type
12986 ()>, B<server_name ()>, B<virtual_host ()>, B<server_port ()>,
12987 B<virtual_port ()>, B<server_software ()>, B<remote_user ()>, B<user_name
12988 ()>, B<request_method()>, B<content_type()>, B<http()>, B<https()>
12990 =item USING NPH SCRIPTS
12992 In the B<use> statement, By calling the B<nph()> method:, By using B<-nph>
12997 multipart_init(), multipart_start(), multipart_end(), multipart_final()
12999 =item Avoiding Denial of Service Attacks
13001 B<$CGI::POST_MAX>, B<$CGI::DISABLE_UPLOADS>, B<1. On a script-by-script
13002 basis>, B<2. Globally for all scripts>
13004 =item COMPATIBILITY WITH CGI-LIB.PL
13006 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
13010 Matt Heffron (heffron@falstaff.css.beckman.com), James Taylor
13011 (james.taylor@srs.gov), Scott Anguish <sanguish@digifix.com>, Mike Jewell
13012 (mlj3u@virginia.edu), Timothy Shimmin (tes@kbs.citri.edu.au), Joergen Haegg
13013 (jh@axis.se), Laurent Delfosse (delfosse@delfosse.com), Richard Resnick
13014 (applepi1@aol.com), Craig Bishop (csb@barwonwater.vic.gov.au), Tony Curtis
13015 (tc@vcpc.univie.ac.at), Tim Bunce (Tim.Bunce@ig.co.uk), Tom Christiansen
13016 (tchrist@convex.com), Andreas Koenig (k@franz.ww.TU-Berlin.DE), Tim
13017 MacKenzie (Tim.MacKenzie@fulcrum.com.au), Kevin B. Hendricks
13018 (kbhend@dogwood.tyler.wm.edu), Stephen Dahmen (joyfire@inxpress.net), Ed
13019 Jordan (ed@fidalgo.net), David Alan Pisoni (david@cnation.com), Doug
13020 MacEachern (dougm@opengroup.org), Robin Houston (robin@oneworld.org),
13021 ...and many many more..
13023 =item A COMPLETE EXAMPLE OF A SIMPLE FORM-BASED SCRIPT
13031 =head2 CGI::Apache - Backward compatibility module for CGI.pm
13041 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
13049 =head2 CGI::Carp, B<CGI::Carp> - CGI routines for writing to the HTTPD (or
13058 =item REDIRECTING ERROR MESSAGES
13060 =item MAKING PERL ERRORS APPEAR IN THE BROWSER WINDOW
13064 =item Changing the default message
13068 =item MAKING WARNINGS APPEAR AS HTML COMMENTS
13070 =item OVERRIDING THE NAME OF THE PROGRAM
13078 =head2 CGI::Cookie - Interface to Netscape Cookies
13086 =item USING CGI::Cookie
13088 B<1. expiration date>, B<2. domain>, B<3. path>, B<4. secure flag>
13092 =item Creating New Cookies
13094 =item Sending the Cookie to the Browser
13096 =item Recovering Previous Cookies
13098 =item Manipulating Cookies
13100 B<name()>, B<value()>, B<domain()>, B<path()>, B<expires()>
13104 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
13112 =head2 CGI::Fast - CGI Interface for Fast CGI
13120 =item OTHER PIECES OF THE PUZZLE
13122 =item WRITING FASTCGI PERL SCRIPTS
13124 =item INSTALLING FASTCGI SCRIPTS
13126 =item USING FASTCGI SCRIPTS AS CGI SCRIPTS
13128 =item EXTERNAL FASTCGI SERVER INVOCATION
13130 FCGI_SOCKET_PATH, FCGI_LISTEN_QUEUE
13134 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
13142 =head2 CGI::Pretty - module to produce nicely formatted HTML code
13152 =item Tags that won't be formatted
13154 =item Customizing the Indenting
13166 =head2 CGI::Push - Simple Interface to Server Push
13174 =item USING CGI::Push
13176 -next_page, -last_page, -type, -delay, -cookie, -target, -expires, -nph
13180 =item Heterogeneous Pages
13182 =item Changing the Page Delay on the Fly
13186 =item INSTALLING CGI::Push SCRIPTS
13188 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
13196 =head2 CGI::Switch - Backward compatibility module for defunct CGI::Switch
13206 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
13214 =head2 CGI::Util - Internal utilities used by CGI module
13222 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
13228 =head2 CPAN - query, download and build perl modules from CPAN sites
13236 =item COMPATIBILITY
13242 =item Interactive Mode
13244 Searching for authors, bundles, distribution files and modules, make, test,
13245 install, clean modules or distributions, get, readme, perldoc, look module
13246 or distribution, ls author, ls globbing_expression, failed, Lockfile,
13257 =item The four C<CPAN::*> Classes: Author, Bundle, Module, Distribution
13259 =item Programmer's interface
13261 expand($type,@things), expandany(@things), Programming Examples
13263 =item Methods in the other Classes
13265 CPAN::Author::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Author::as_string(),
13266 CPAN::Author::email(), CPAN::Author::fullname(), CPAN::Author::name(),
13267 CPAN::Bundle::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Bundle::as_string(),
13268 CPAN::Bundle::clean(), CPAN::Bundle::contains(),
13269 CPAN::Bundle::force($method,@args), CPAN::Bundle::get(),
13270 CPAN::Bundle::inst_file(), CPAN::Bundle::inst_version(),
13271 CPAN::Bundle::uptodate(), CPAN::Bundle::install(), CPAN::Bundle::make(),
13272 CPAN::Bundle::readme(), CPAN::Bundle::test(),
13273 CPAN::Distribution::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Distribution::as_string(),
13274 CPAN::Distribution::author, CPAN::Distribution::clean(),
13275 CPAN::Distribution::containsmods(), CPAN::Distribution::cvs_import(),
13276 CPAN::Distribution::dir(), CPAN::Distribution::force($method,@args),
13277 CPAN::Distribution::get(), CPAN::Distribution::install(),
13278 CPAN::Distribution::isa_perl(), CPAN::Distribution::look(),
13279 CPAN::Distribution::make(), CPAN::Distribution::perldoc(),
13280 CPAN::Distribution::prereq_pm(), CPAN::Distribution::readme(),
13281 CPAN::Distribution::read_yaml(), CPAN::Distribution::test(),
13282 CPAN::Distribution::uptodate(), CPAN::Index::force_reload(),
13283 CPAN::Index::reload(), CPAN::InfoObj::dump(), CPAN::Module::as_glimpse(),
13284 CPAN::Module::as_string(), CPAN::Module::clean(),
13285 CPAN::Module::cpan_file(), CPAN::Module::cpan_version(),
13286 CPAN::Module::cvs_import(), CPAN::Module::description(),
13287 CPAN::Module::distribution(), CPAN::Module::dslip_status(),
13288 CPAN::Module::force($method,@args), CPAN::Module::get(),
13289 CPAN::Module::inst_file(), CPAN::Module::inst_version(),
13290 CPAN::Module::install(), CPAN::Module::look(), CPAN::Module::make(),
13291 CPAN::Module::manpage_headline(), CPAN::Module::perldoc(),
13292 CPAN::Module::readme(), CPAN::Module::test(), CPAN::Module::uptodate(),
13293 CPAN::Module::userid()
13295 =item Cache Manager
13299 =item Prerequisites
13301 =item Finding packages and VERSION
13305 =item Floppy, Zip, Offline Mode
13309 =item CONFIGURATION
13311 C<o conf E<lt>scalar optionE<gt>>, C<o conf E<lt>scalar optionE<gt>
13312 E<lt>valueE<gt>>, C<o conf E<lt>list optionE<gt>>, C<o conf E<lt>list
13313 optionE<gt> [shift|pop]>, C<o conf E<lt>list optionE<gt>
13314 [unshift|push|splice] E<lt>listE<gt>>
13318 =item Not on config variable getcwd
13320 =item Note on urllist parameter's format
13322 =item urllist parameter has CD-ROM support
13330 =item Cryptographically signed modules
13338 =item POPULATE AN INSTALLATION WITH LOTS OF MODULES
13340 =item WORKING WITH CPAN.pm BEHIND FIREWALLS
13344 =item Three basic types of firewalls
13346 http firewall, ftp firewall, One way visibility, SOCKS, IP Masquerade
13348 =item Configuring lynx or ncftp for going through a firewall
13354 1), 2), 3), 4), 5), 6), 7), 8), 9), 10), 11), 12), 13), 14)
13366 =head2 CPAN::FirstTime - Utility for CPAN::Config file Initialization
13376 =head2 CPAN::Version - utility functions to compare CPAN versions
13386 =head2 CPANox, CPAN::Nox - Wrapper around CPAN.pm without using any XS
13399 =head2 Carp, carp - warn of errors (from perspective of caller)
13409 =item Forcing a Stack Trace
13413 =item GLOBAL VARIABLES
13417 =item $Carp::CarpLevel
13419 =item $Carp::MaxEvalLen
13421 =item $Carp::MaxArgLen
13423 =item $Carp::MaxArgNums
13425 =item $Carp::Verbose
13433 =head2 Carp::Heavy - heavy machinery, no user serviceable parts inside
13435 =head2 Class::ISA -- report the search path for a class's ISA tree
13445 the function Class::ISA::super_path($CLASS), the function
13446 Class::ISA::self_and_super_path($CLASS), the function
13447 Class::ISA::self_and_super_versions($CLASS)
13449 =item CAUTIONARY NOTES
13457 =head2 Class::Struct - declare struct-like datatypes as Perl classes
13467 =item The C<struct()> function
13469 =item Class Creation at Compile Time
13471 =item Element Types and Accessor Methods
13473 Scalar (C<'$'> or C<'*$'>), Array (C<'@'> or C<'*@'>), Hash (C<'%'> or
13474 C<'*%'>), Class (C<'Class_Name'> or C<'*Class_Name'>)
13476 =item Initializing with C<new>
13482 Example 1, Example 2, Example 3
13484 =item Author and Modification History
13488 =head2 Compress::IO::Base::lib::File::GlobMapper, File::GlobMapper - Extend
13489 File Glob to Allow Input and Output Files
13497 This code is a work in progress, There are known bugs, The interface
13498 defined here is tentative, There are portability issues, Do not use in
13499 production code, Consider yourself warned!
13503 =item Behind The Scenes
13507 =item Input File Glob
13509 B<~>, B<~user>, B<.>, B<*>, B<?>, B<\>, B<[]>, B<{,}>, B<()>
13511 =item Output File Glob
13515 =item Returned Data
13523 =item A Rename script
13525 =item A few example globmaps
13533 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
13537 =head2 Compress::IO::Base::lib::IO::Compress::Base, IO::Compress::Base -
13538 Base Class for IO::Compress modules
13550 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
13552 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
13556 =head2 Compress::IO::Base::lib::IO::Uncompress::AnyUncompress,
13557 IO::Uncompress::AnyUncompress - Uncompress gzip, zip, bzip2 or lzop
13566 DO NOT use in production code, The documentation is incomplete in places,
13567 Parts of the interface defined here are tentative, Please report any
13568 problems you find, RFC 1950, RFC 1951, gzip (RFC 1952), zip, bzip2, lzop
13570 =item Functional Interface
13574 =item anyuncompress $input => $output [, OPTS]
13576 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
13577 FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array
13578 Reference, An Output FileGlob
13582 =item Optional Parameters
13584 AutoClose =E<gt> 0|1, BinModeOut =E<gt> 0|1, -Append =E<gt> 0|1,
13585 -MultiStream =E<gt> 0|1
13597 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
13599 =item Constructor Options
13601 -AutoClose =E<gt> 0|1, -MultiStream =E<gt> 0|1, -Prime =E<gt> $string,
13602 -Transparent =E<gt> 0|1, -BlockSize =E<gt> $num, -InputLength =E<gt> $size,
13603 -Append =E<gt> 0|1, -Strict =E<gt> 0|1
13623 =item getHeaderInfo
13637 =item input_line_number
13655 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
13657 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
13661 =head2 Compress::IO::Base::lib::IO::Uncompress::Base, IO::Uncompress::Base
13662 - Base Class for IO::Uncompress modules
13674 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
13676 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
13680 =head2 Compress::IO::Zlib::IO::Compress::Deflate, IO::Compress::Deflate -
13681 Write RFC 1950 files/buffers
13689 DO NOT use in production code, The documentation is incomplete in places,
13690 Parts of the interface defined here are tentative, Please report any
13693 =item Functional Interface
13697 =item deflate $input => $output [, OPTS]
13699 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
13700 FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array
13701 Reference, An Output FileGlob
13705 =item Optional Parameters
13707 AutoClose =E<gt> 0|1, BinModeIn =E<gt> 0|1, -Append =E<gt> 0|1
13719 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
13721 =item Constructor Options
13723 AutoClose =E<gt> 0|1, Append =E<gt> 0|1, A Buffer, A Filename, A
13724 Filehandle, Merge =E<gt> 0|1, -Level, -Strategy, -Strict =E<gt> 0|1
13756 =item input_line_number
13762 =item newStream([OPTS])
13766 =item deflateParams
13772 :all, :constants, :flush, :level, :strategy
13780 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
13782 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
13786 =head2 Compress::IO::Zlib::IO::Compress::Gzip, IO::Compress::Gzip - Write
13787 RFC 1952 files/buffers
13795 DO NOT use in production code, The documentation is incomplete in places,
13796 Parts of the interface defined here are tentative, Please report any
13799 =item Functional Interface
13803 =item gzip $input => $output [, OPTS]
13805 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
13806 FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array
13807 Reference, An Output FileGlob
13811 =item Optional Parameters
13813 AutoClose =E<gt> 0|1, BinModeIn =E<gt> 0|1, -Append =E<gt> 0|1
13825 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
13827 =item Constructor Options
13829 AutoClose =E<gt> 0|1, Append =E<gt> 0|1, A Buffer, A Filename, A
13830 Filehandle, Merge =E<gt> 0|1, -Level, -Strategy, -Minimal =E<gt> 0|1,
13831 -Comment =E<gt> $comment, -Name =E<gt> $string, -Time =E<gt> $number,
13832 -TextFlag =E<gt> 0|1, -HeaderCRC =E<gt> 0|1, -OS_Code =E<gt> $value,
13833 -ExtraField =E<gt> $data, -ExtraFlags =E<gt> $value, -Strict =E<gt> 0|1
13865 =item input_line_number
13871 =item newStream([OPTS])
13875 =item deflateParams
13881 :all, :constants, :flush, :level, :strategy
13889 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
13891 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
13895 =head2 Compress::IO::Zlib::IO::Compress::RawDeflate,
13896 IO::Compress::RawDeflate - Write RFC 1951 files/buffers
13904 DO NOT use in production code, The documentation is incomplete in places,
13905 Parts of the interface defined here are tentative, Please report any
13908 =item Functional Interface
13912 =item rawdeflate $input => $output [, OPTS]
13914 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
13915 FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array
13916 Reference, An Output FileGlob
13920 =item Optional Parameters
13922 AutoClose =E<gt> 0|1, BinModeIn =E<gt> 0|1, -Append =E<gt> 0|1
13934 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
13936 =item Constructor Options
13938 AutoClose =E<gt> 0|1, Append =E<gt> 0|1, A Buffer, A Filename, A
13939 Filehandle, Merge =E<gt> 0|1, -Level, -Strategy, -Strict =E<gt> 0|1
13971 =item input_line_number
13977 =item newStream([OPTS])
13981 =item deflateParams
13987 :all, :constants, :flush, :level, :strategy
13995 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
13997 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
14001 =head2 Compress::IO::Zlib::IO::Compress::Zip, IO::Compress::Zip - Write zip
14010 DO NOT use in production code, The documentation is incomplete in places,
14011 Parts of the interface defined here are tentative, Please report any
14014 =item Functional Interface
14018 =item zip $input => $output [, OPTS]
14020 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
14021 FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array
14022 Reference, An Output FileGlob
14026 =item Optional Parameters
14028 AutoClose =E<gt> 0|1, BinModeIn =E<gt> 0|1, -Append =E<gt> 0|1
14040 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
14042 =item Constructor Options
14044 AutoClose =E<gt> 0|1, Append =E<gt> 0|1, A Buffer, A Filename, A
14045 Filehandle, -Name =E<gt> $string, -Time =E<gt> $number, -exTime =E<gt>
14046 [$atime, $mtime, $ctime], -Comment =E<gt> $comment, -ZipComment =E<gt>
14047 $comment, Method =E<gt> $method, Stream =E<gt> 0|1, -TextFlag =E<gt> 0|1,
14048 ExtraFieldLocal =E<gt> $data =item ExtraFieldCentral =E<gt> $data, Minimal
14049 =E<gt> 1|0, BlockSize100K =E<gt> number, WorkFactor =E<gt> number, -Level,
14050 -Strategy, -Strict =E<gt> 0|1
14082 =item input_line_number
14088 =item newStream([OPTS])
14092 =item deflateParams
14098 :all, :constants, :flush, :level, :strategy, :zip_method
14106 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
14108 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
14112 =head2 Compress::IO::Zlib::IO::Uncompress::AnyInflate,
14113 IO::Uncompress::AnyInflate - Uncompress zlib-based (zip, gzip) file/buffer
14121 DO NOT use in production code, The documentation is incomplete in places,
14122 Parts of the interface defined here are tentative, Please report any
14123 problems you find, RFC 1950, RFC 1951, gzip (RFC 1952), zip
14125 =item Functional Interface
14129 =item anyinflate $input => $output [, OPTS]
14131 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
14132 FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array
14133 Reference, An Output FileGlob
14137 =item Optional Parameters
14139 AutoClose =E<gt> 0|1, BinModeOut =E<gt> 0|1, -Append =E<gt> 0|1,
14140 -MultiStream =E<gt> 0|1
14152 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
14154 =item Constructor Options
14156 -AutoClose =E<gt> 0|1, -MultiStream =E<gt> 0|1, -Prime =E<gt> $string,
14157 -Transparent =E<gt> 0|1, -BlockSize =E<gt> $num, -InputLength =E<gt> $size,
14158 -Append =E<gt> 0|1, -Strict =E<gt> 0|1, -ParseExtra =E<gt> 0|1
14180 =item getHeaderInfo
14194 =item input_line_number
14212 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
14214 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
14218 =head2 Compress::IO::Zlib::IO::Uncompress::Gunzip, IO::Uncompress::Gunzip -
14219 Read RFC 1952 files/buffers
14227 DO NOT use in production code, The documentation is incomplete in places,
14228 Parts of the interface defined here are tentative, Please report any
14231 =item Functional Interface
14235 =item gunzip $input => $output [, OPTS]
14237 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
14238 FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array
14239 Reference, An Output FileGlob
14243 =item Optional Parameters
14245 AutoClose =E<gt> 0|1, BinModeOut =E<gt> 0|1, -Append =E<gt> 0|1,
14246 -MultiStream =E<gt> 0|1
14258 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
14260 =item Constructor Options
14262 -AutoClose =E<gt> 0|1, -MultiStream =E<gt> 0|1, -Prime =E<gt> $string,
14263 -Transparent =E<gt> 0|1, -BlockSize =E<gt> $num, -InputLength =E<gt> $size,
14264 -Append =E<gt> 0|1, -Strict =E<gt> 0|1, -ParseExtra =E<gt> 0|1
14286 =item getHeaderInfo
14302 =item input_line_number
14320 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
14322 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
14326 =head2 Compress::IO::Zlib::IO::Uncompress::Inflate, IO::Uncompress::Inflate
14327 - Read RFC 1950 files/buffers
14335 DO NOT use in production code, The documentation is incomplete in places,
14336 Parts of the interface defined here are tentative, Please report any
14339 =item Functional Interface
14343 =item inflate $input => $output [, OPTS]
14345 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
14346 FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array
14347 Reference, An Output FileGlob
14351 =item Optional Parameters
14353 AutoClose =E<gt> 0|1, BinModeOut =E<gt> 0|1, -Append =E<gt> 0|1,
14354 -MultiStream =E<gt> 0|1
14366 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
14368 =item Constructor Options
14370 -AutoClose =E<gt> 0|1, -MultiStream =E<gt> 0|1, -Prime =E<gt> $string,
14371 -Transparent =E<gt> 0|1, -BlockSize =E<gt> $num, -InputLength =E<gt> $size,
14372 -Append =E<gt> 0|1, -Strict =E<gt> 0|1
14394 =item getHeaderInfo
14408 =item input_line_number
14426 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
14428 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
14432 =head2 Compress::IO::Zlib::IO::Uncompress::RawInflate,
14433 IO::Uncompress::RawInflate - Read RFC 1951 files/buffers
14441 DO NOT use in production code, The documentation is incomplete in places,
14442 Parts of the interface defined here are tentative, Please report any
14445 =item Functional Interface
14449 =item rawinflate $input => $output [, OPTS]
14451 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
14452 FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array
14453 Reference, An Output FileGlob
14457 =item Optional Parameters
14459 AutoClose =E<gt> 0|1, BinModeOut =E<gt> 0|1, -Append =E<gt> 0|1,
14460 -MultiStream =E<gt> 0|1
14472 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
14474 =item Constructor Options
14476 -AutoClose =E<gt> 0|1, -MultiStream =E<gt> 0|1, -Prime =E<gt> $string,
14477 -Transparent =E<gt> 0|1, -BlockSize =E<gt> $num, -InputLength =E<gt> $size,
14478 -Append =E<gt> 0|1, -Strict =E<gt> 0|1
14500 =item getHeaderInfo
14514 =item input_line_number
14532 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
14534 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
14538 =head2 Compress::IO::Zlib::IO::Uncompress::Unzip, IO::Uncompress::Unzip -
14539 Read zip files/buffers
14547 DO NOT use in production code, The documentation is incomplete in places,
14548 Parts of the interface defined here are tentative, Please report any
14551 =item Functional Interface
14555 =item unzip $input => $output [, OPTS]
14557 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
14558 FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array
14559 Reference, An Output FileGlob
14563 =item Optional Parameters
14565 AutoClose =E<gt> 0|1, BinModeOut =E<gt> 0|1, -Append =E<gt> 0|1,
14566 -MultiStream =E<gt> 0|1
14578 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
14580 =item Constructor Options
14582 -AutoClose =E<gt> 0|1, -MultiStream =E<gt> 0|1, -Prime =E<gt> $string,
14583 -Transparent =E<gt> 0|1, -BlockSize =E<gt> $num, -InputLength =E<gt> $size,
14584 -Append =E<gt> 0|1, -Strict =E<gt> 0|1
14606 =item getHeaderInfo
14620 =item input_line_number
14638 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
14640 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
14644 =head2 Compress::Raw::Zlib - Low-Level Interface to zlib compression
14653 =item Compress::Raw::Zlib::Deflate
14657 =item B<($d, $status) = new Compress::Raw::Zlib::Deflate( [OPT] ) >
14659 B<-Level>, B<-Method>, B<-WindowBits>, B<-MemLevel>, B<-Strategy>,
14660 B<-Dictionary>, B<-Bufsize>, B<-AppendOutput>, B<-CRC32>, B<-ADLER32>
14662 =item B<$status = $d-E<gt>deflate($input, $output)>
14664 =item B<$status = $d-E<gt>flush($output [, $flush_type]) >
14666 =item B<$status = $d-E<gt>deflateParams([OPT])>
14668 B<-Level>, B<-Strategy>, B<-BufSize>
14670 =item B<$status = $d-E<gt>deflateTune($good_length, $max_lazy,
14671 $nice_length, $max_chain)>
14673 =item B<$d-E<gt>dict_adler()>
14675 =item B<$d-E<gt>crc32()>
14677 =item B<$d-E<gt>adler32()>
14679 =item B<$d-E<gt>msg()>
14681 =item B<$d-E<gt>total_in()>
14683 =item B<$d-E<gt>total_out()>
14685 =item B<$d-E<gt>get_Strategy()>
14687 =item B<$d-E<gt>get_Level()>
14689 =item B<$d-E<gt>get_BufSize()>
14695 =item Compress::Raw::Zlib::Inflate
14699 =item B< ($i, $status) = new Compress::Raw::Zlib::Inflate( [OPT] ) >
14701 B<-WindowBits>, B<-Bufsize>, B<-Dictionary>, B<-AppendOutput>, B<-CRC32>,
14702 B<-ADLER32>, B<-ConsumeInput>
14704 =item B< $status = $i-E<gt>inflate($input, $output [,$eof]) >
14706 =item B<$status = $i-E<gt>inflateSync($input)>
14708 =item B<$i-E<gt>dict_adler()>
14710 =item B<$i-E<gt>crc32()>
14712 =item B<$i-E<gt>adler32()>
14714 =item B<$i-E<gt>msg()>
14716 =item B<$i-E<gt>total_in()>
14718 =item B<$i-E<gt>total_out()>
14720 =item B<$d-E<gt>get_BufSize()>
14726 =item CHECKSUM FUNCTIONS
14728 =item ACCESSING ZIP FILES
14736 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
14738 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
14742 =head2 Compress::Raw::Zlib::Compress::Raw::Zlib, Compress::Raw::Zlib -
14743 Low-Level Interface to zlib compression library
14751 =item Compress::Raw::Zlib::Deflate
14755 =item B<($d, $status) = new Compress::Raw::Zlib::Deflate( [OPT] ) >
14757 B<-Level>, B<-Method>, B<-WindowBits>, B<-MemLevel>, B<-Strategy>,
14758 B<-Dictionary>, B<-Bufsize>, B<-AppendOutput>, B<-CRC32>, B<-ADLER32>
14760 =item B<$status = $d-E<gt>deflate($input, $output)>
14762 =item B<$status = $d-E<gt>flush($output [, $flush_type]) >
14764 =item B<$status = $d-E<gt>deflateParams([OPT])>
14766 B<-Level>, B<-Strategy>, B<-BufSize>
14768 =item B<$status = $d-E<gt>deflateTune($good_length, $max_lazy,
14769 $nice_length, $max_chain)>
14771 =item B<$d-E<gt>dict_adler()>
14773 =item B<$d-E<gt>crc32()>
14775 =item B<$d-E<gt>adler32()>
14777 =item B<$d-E<gt>msg()>
14779 =item B<$d-E<gt>total_in()>
14781 =item B<$d-E<gt>total_out()>
14783 =item B<$d-E<gt>get_Strategy()>
14785 =item B<$d-E<gt>get_Level()>
14787 =item B<$d-E<gt>get_BufSize()>
14793 =item Compress::Raw::Zlib::Inflate
14797 =item B< ($i, $status) = new Compress::Raw::Zlib::Inflate( [OPT] ) >
14799 B<-WindowBits>, B<-Bufsize>, B<-Dictionary>, B<-AppendOutput>, B<-CRC32>,
14800 B<-ADLER32>, B<-ConsumeInput>
14802 =item B< $status = $i-E<gt>inflate($input, $output [,$eof]) >
14804 =item B<$status = $i-E<gt>inflateSync($input)>
14806 =item B<$i-E<gt>dict_adler()>
14808 =item B<$i-E<gt>crc32()>
14810 =item B<$i-E<gt>adler32()>
14812 =item B<$i-E<gt>msg()>
14814 =item B<$i-E<gt>total_in()>
14816 =item B<$i-E<gt>total_out()>
14818 =item B<$d-E<gt>get_BufSize()>
14824 =item CHECKSUM FUNCTIONS
14826 =item ACCESSING ZIP FILES
14834 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
14836 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
14840 =head2 Compress::Zlib - Interface to zlib compression library
14850 =item Notes for users of Compress::Zlib version 1
14854 =item GZIP INTERFACE
14856 B<$gz = gzopen($filename, $mode)>, B<$gz = gzopen($filehandle, $mode)>,
14857 B<$bytesread = $gz-E<gt>gzread($buffer [, $size]) ;>, B<$bytesread =
14858 $gz-E<gt>gzreadline($line) ;>, B<$byteswritten = $gz-E<gt>gzwrite($buffer)
14859 ;>, B<$status = $gz-E<gt>gzflush($flush_type) ;>, B<$offset =
14860 $gz-E<gt>gztell() ;>, B<$status = $gz-E<gt>gzseek($offset, $whence) ;>,
14861 B<$gz-E<gt>gzclose>, B<$gz-E<gt>gzsetparams($level, $strategy>, B<$level>,
14862 B<$strategy>, B<$gz-E<gt>gzerror>, B<$gzerrno>
14868 =item Compress::Zlib::memGzip
14870 =item Compress::Zlib::memGunzip
14874 =item COMPRESS/UNCOMPRESS
14876 B<$dest = compress($source [, $level] ) ;>, B<$dest = uncompress($source)
14879 =item Deflate Interface
14883 =item B<($d, $status) = deflateInit( [OPT] )>
14885 B<-Level>, B<-Method>, B<-WindowBits>, B<-MemLevel>, B<-Strategy>,
14886 B<-Dictionary>, B<-Bufsize>
14888 =item B<($out, $status) = $d-E<gt>deflate($buffer)>
14890 =item B<($out, $status) = $d-E<gt>flush([flush_type])>
14892 =item B<$status = $d-E<gt>deflateParams([OPT])>
14894 B<-Level>, B<-Strategy>
14896 =item B<$d-E<gt>dict_adler()>
14898 =item B<$d-E<gt>msg()>
14900 =item B<$d-E<gt>total_in()>
14902 =item B<$d-E<gt>total_out()>
14908 =item Inflate Interface
14912 =item B<($i, $status) = inflateInit()>
14914 B<-WindowBits>, B<-Bufsize>, B<-Dictionary>
14916 =item B<($out, $status) = $i-E<gt>inflate($buffer)>
14918 =item B<$status = $i-E<gt>inflateSync($buffer)>
14920 =item B<$i-E<gt>dict_adler()>
14922 =item B<$i-E<gt>msg()>
14924 =item B<$i-E<gt>total_in()>
14926 =item B<$i-E<gt>total_out()>
14932 =item CHECKSUM FUNCTIONS
14934 =item ACCESSING ZIP FILES
14942 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
14944 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
14948 =head2 Compress::Zlib::Compress::Zlib, Compress::Zlib - Interface to zlib
14949 compression library
14959 =item Notes for users of Compress::Zlib version 1
14963 =item GZIP INTERFACE
14965 B<$gz = gzopen($filename, $mode)>, B<$gz = gzopen($filehandle, $mode)>,
14966 B<$bytesread = $gz-E<gt>gzread($buffer [, $size]) ;>, B<$bytesread =
14967 $gz-E<gt>gzreadline($line) ;>, B<$byteswritten = $gz-E<gt>gzwrite($buffer)
14968 ;>, B<$status = $gz-E<gt>gzflush($flush_type) ;>, B<$offset =
14969 $gz-E<gt>gztell() ;>, B<$status = $gz-E<gt>gzseek($offset, $whence) ;>,
14970 B<$gz-E<gt>gzclose>, B<$gz-E<gt>gzsetparams($level, $strategy>, B<$level>,
14971 B<$strategy>, B<$gz-E<gt>gzerror>, B<$gzerrno>
14977 =item Compress::Zlib::memGzip
14979 =item Compress::Zlib::memGunzip
14983 =item COMPRESS/UNCOMPRESS
14985 B<$dest = compress($source [, $level] ) ;>, B<$dest = uncompress($source)
14988 =item Deflate Interface
14992 =item B<($d, $status) = deflateInit( [OPT] )>
14994 B<-Level>, B<-Method>, B<-WindowBits>, B<-MemLevel>, B<-Strategy>,
14995 B<-Dictionary>, B<-Bufsize>
14997 =item B<($out, $status) = $d-E<gt>deflate($buffer)>
14999 =item B<($out, $status) = $d-E<gt>flush([flush_type])>
15001 =item B<$status = $d-E<gt>deflateParams([OPT])>
15003 B<-Level>, B<-Strategy>
15005 =item B<$d-E<gt>dict_adler()>
15007 =item B<$d-E<gt>msg()>
15009 =item B<$d-E<gt>total_in()>
15011 =item B<$d-E<gt>total_out()>
15017 =item Inflate Interface
15021 =item B<($i, $status) = inflateInit()>
15023 B<-WindowBits>, B<-Bufsize>, B<-Dictionary>
15025 =item B<($out, $status) = $i-E<gt>inflate($buffer)>
15027 =item B<$status = $i-E<gt>inflateSync($buffer)>
15029 =item B<$i-E<gt>dict_adler()>
15031 =item B<$i-E<gt>msg()>
15033 =item B<$i-E<gt>total_in()>
15035 =item B<$i-E<gt>total_out()>
15041 =item CHECKSUM FUNCTIONS
15043 =item ACCESSING ZIP FILES
15051 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
15053 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
15057 =head2 Config - access Perl configuration information
15065 myconfig(), config_sh(), config_re($regex), config_vars(@names)
15077 C<_a>, C<_exe>, C<_o>
15081 C<afs>, C<afsroot>, C<alignbytes>, C<ansi2knr>, C<aphostname>,
15082 C<api_revision>, C<api_subversion>, C<api_version>, C<api_versionstring>,
15083 C<ar>, C<archlib>, C<archlibexp>, C<archname>, C<archname64>, C<archobjs>,
15084 C<asctime_r_proto>, C<awk>
15088 C<baserev>, C<bash>, C<bin>, C<binexp>, C<bison>, C<byacc>, C<byteorder>
15092 C<c>, C<castflags>, C<cat>, C<cc>, C<cccdlflags>, C<ccdlflags>, C<ccflags>,
15093 C<ccflags_uselargefiles>, C<ccname>, C<ccsymbols>, C<ccversion>, C<cf_by>,
15094 C<cf_email>, C<cf_time>, C<charsize>, C<chgrp>, C<chmod>, C<chown>,
15095 C<clocktype>, C<comm>, C<compress>, C<contains>, C<cp>, C<cpio>, C<cpp>,
15096 C<cpp_stuff>, C<cppccsymbols>, C<cppflags>, C<cpplast>, C<cppminus>,
15097 C<cpprun>, C<cppstdin>, C<cppsymbols>, C<crypt_r_proto>, C<cryptlib>,
15098 C<csh>, C<ctermid_r_proto>, C<ctime_r_proto>
15102 C<d__fwalk>, C<d_access>, C<d_accessx>, C<d_aintl>, C<d_alarm>,
15103 C<d_archlib>, C<d_asctime_r>, C<d_atolf>, C<d_atoll>,
15104 C<d_attribute_format>, C<d_attribute_malloc>, C<d_attribute_nonnull>,
15105 C<d_attribute_noreturn>, C<d_attribute_pure>, C<d_attribute_unused>,
15106 C<d_attribute_warn_unused_result>, C<d_bcmp>, C<d_bcopy>, C<d_bsd>,
15107 C<d_bsdgetpgrp>, C<d_bsdsetpgrp>, C<d_builtin_choose_expr>,
15108 C<d_builtin_expect>, C<d_bzero>, C<d_c99_variadic_macros>, C<d_casti32>,
15109 C<d_castneg>, C<d_charvspr>, C<d_chown>, C<d_chroot>, C<d_chsize>,
15110 C<d_class>, C<d_clearenv>, C<d_closedir>, C<d_cmsghdr_s>, C<d_const>,
15111 C<d_copysignl>, C<d_crypt>, C<d_crypt_r>, C<d_csh>, C<d_ctermid_r>,
15112 C<d_ctime_r>, C<d_cuserid>, C<d_dbl_dig>, C<d_dbminitproto>, C<d_difftime>,
15113 C<d_dirfd>, C<d_dirnamlen>, C<d_dlerror>, C<d_dlopen>, C<d_dlsymun>,
15114 C<d_dosuid>, C<d_drand48_r>, C<d_drand48proto>, C<d_dup2>, C<d_eaccess>,
15115 C<d_endgrent>, C<d_endgrent_r>, C<d_endhent>, C<d_endhostent_r>,
15116 C<d_endnent>, C<d_endnetent_r>, C<d_endpent>, C<d_endprotoent_r>,
15117 C<d_endpwent>, C<d_endpwent_r>, C<d_endsent>, C<d_endservent_r>,
15118 C<d_eofnblk>, C<d_eunice>, C<d_faststdio>, C<d_fchdir>, C<d_fchmod>,
15119 C<d_fchown>, C<d_fcntl>, C<d_fcntl_can_lock>, C<d_fd_macros>, C<d_fd_set>,
15120 C<d_fds_bits>, C<d_fgetpos>, C<d_finite>, C<d_finitel>, C<d_flexfnam>,
15121 C<d_flock>, C<d_flockproto>, C<d_fork>, C<d_fp_class>, C<d_fpathconf>,
15122 C<d_fpclass>, C<d_fpclassify>, C<d_fpclassl>, C<d_fpos64_t>, C<d_frexpl>,
15123 C<d_fs_data_s>, C<d_fseeko>, C<d_fsetpos>, C<d_fstatfs>, C<d_fstatvfs>,
15124 C<d_fsync>, C<d_ftello>, C<d_ftime>, C<d_futimes>, C<d_Gconvert>,
15125 C<d_getcwd>, C<d_getespwnam>, C<d_getfsstat>, C<d_getgrent>,
15126 C<d_getgrent_r>, C<d_getgrgid_r>, C<d_getgrnam_r>, C<d_getgrps>,
15127 C<d_gethbyaddr>, C<d_gethbyname>, C<d_gethent>, C<d_gethname>,
15128 C<d_gethostbyaddr_r>, C<d_gethostbyname_r>, C<d_gethostent_r>,
15129 C<d_gethostprotos>, C<d_getitimer>, C<d_getlogin>, C<d_getlogin_r>,
15130 C<d_getmnt>, C<d_getmntent>, C<d_getnbyaddr>, C<d_getnbyname>,
15131 C<d_getnent>, C<d_getnetbyaddr_r>, C<d_getnetbyname_r>, C<d_getnetent_r>,
15132 C<d_getnetprotos>, C<d_getpagsz>, C<d_getpbyname>, C<d_getpbynumber>,
15133 C<d_getpent>, C<d_getpgid>, C<d_getpgrp>, C<d_getpgrp2>, C<d_getppid>,
15134 C<d_getprior>, C<d_getprotobyname_r>, C<d_getprotobynumber_r>,
15135 C<d_getprotoent_r>, C<d_getprotoprotos>, C<d_getprpwnam>, C<d_getpwent>,
15136 C<d_getpwent_r>, C<d_getpwnam_r>, C<d_getpwuid_r>, C<d_getsbyname>,
15137 C<d_getsbyport>, C<d_getsent>, C<d_getservbyname_r>, C<d_getservbyport_r>,
15138 C<d_getservent_r>, C<d_getservprotos>, C<d_getspnam>, C<d_getspnam_r>,
15139 C<d_gettimeod>, C<d_gmtime_r>, C<d_gnulibc>, C<d_grpasswd>, C<d_hasmntopt>,
15140 C<d_htonl>, C<d_ilogbl>, C<d_inc_version_list>, C<d_index>, C<d_inetaton>,
15141 C<d_int64_t>, C<d_isascii>, C<d_isfinite>, C<d_isinf>, C<d_isnan>,
15142 C<d_isnanl>, C<d_killpg>, C<d_lchown>, C<d_ldbl_dig>,
15143 C<d_libm_lib_version>, C<d_link>, C<d_localtime_r>, C<d_locconv>,
15144 C<d_lockf>, C<d_longdbl>, C<d_longlong>, C<d_lseekproto>, C<d_lstat>,
15145 C<d_madvise>, C<d_malloc_good_size>, C<d_malloc_size>, C<d_mblen>,
15146 C<d_mbstowcs>, C<d_mbtowc>, C<d_memchr>, C<d_memcmp>, C<d_memcpy>,
15147 C<d_memmove>, C<d_memset>, C<d_mkdir>, C<d_mkdtemp>, C<d_mkfifo>,
15148 C<d_mkstemp>, C<d_mkstemps>, C<d_mktime>, C<d_mmap>, C<d_modfl>,
15149 C<d_modfl_pow32_bug>, C<d_modflproto>, C<d_mprotect>, C<d_msg>,
15150 C<d_msg_ctrunc>, C<d_msg_dontroute>, C<d_msg_oob>, C<d_msg_peek>,
15151 C<d_msg_proxy>, C<d_msgctl>, C<d_msgget>, C<d_msghdr_s>, C<d_msgrcv>,
15152 C<d_msgsnd>, C<d_msync>, C<d_munmap>, C<d_mymalloc>, C<d_nice>,
15153 C<d_nl_langinfo>, C<d_nv_preserves_uv>, C<d_nv_zero_is_allbits_zero>,
15154 C<d_off64_t>, C<d_old_pthread_create_joinable>, C<d_oldpthreads>,
15155 C<d_oldsock>, C<d_open3>, C<d_pathconf>, C<d_pause>,
15156 C<d_perl_otherlibdirs>, C<d_phostname>, C<d_pipe>, C<d_poll>,
15157 C<d_portable>, C<d_PRId64>, C<d_PRIeldbl>, C<d_PRIEUldbl>, C<d_PRIfldbl>,
15158 C<d_PRIFUldbl>, C<d_PRIgldbl>, C<d_PRIGUldbl>, C<d_PRIi64>, C<d_PRIo64>,
15159 C<d_PRIu64>, C<d_PRIx64>, C<d_PRIXU64>, C<d_procselfexe>,
15160 C<d_pthread_atfork>, C<d_pthread_attr_setscope>, C<d_pthread_yield>,
15161 C<d_pwage>, C<d_pwchange>, C<d_pwclass>, C<d_pwcomment>, C<d_pwexpire>,
15162 C<d_pwgecos>, C<d_pwpasswd>, C<d_pwquota>, C<d_qgcvt>, C<d_quad>,
15163 C<d_random_r>, C<d_readdir>, C<d_readdir64_r>, C<d_readdir_r>,
15164 C<d_readlink>, C<d_readv>, C<d_recvmsg>, C<d_rename>, C<d_rewinddir>,
15165 C<d_rmdir>, C<d_safebcpy>, C<d_safemcpy>, C<d_sanemcmp>, C<d_sbrkproto>,
15166 C<d_scalbnl>, C<d_sched_yield>, C<d_scm_rights>, C<d_SCNfldbl>,
15167 C<d_seekdir>, C<d_select>, C<d_sem>, C<d_semctl>, C<d_semctl_semid_ds>,
15168 C<d_semctl_semun>, C<d_semget>, C<d_semop>, C<d_sendmsg>, C<d_setegid>,
15169 C<d_seteuid>, C<d_setgrent>, C<d_setgrent_r>, C<d_setgrps>, C<d_sethent>,
15170 C<d_sethostent_r>, C<d_setitimer>, C<d_setlinebuf>, C<d_setlocale>,
15171 C<d_setlocale_r>, C<d_setnent>, C<d_setnetent_r>, C<d_setpent>,
15172 C<d_setpgid>, C<d_setpgrp>, C<d_setpgrp2>, C<d_setprior>,
15173 C<d_setproctitle>, C<d_setprotoent_r>, C<d_setpwent>, C<d_setpwent_r>,
15174 C<d_setregid>, C<d_setresgid>, C<d_setresuid>, C<d_setreuid>, C<d_setrgid>,
15175 C<d_setruid>, C<d_setsent>, C<d_setservent_r>, C<d_setsid>, C<d_setvbuf>,
15176 C<d_sfio>, C<d_shm>, C<d_shmat>, C<d_shmatprototype>, C<d_shmctl>,
15177 C<d_shmdt>, C<d_shmget>, C<d_sigaction>, C<d_sigprocmask>, C<d_sigsetjmp>,
15178 C<d_sitearch>, C<d_snprintf>, C<d_sockatmark>, C<d_sockatmarkproto>,
15179 C<d_socket>, C<d_socklen_t>, C<d_sockpair>, C<d_socks5_init>,
15180 C<d_sprintf_returns_strlen>, C<d_sqrtl>, C<d_srand48_r>, C<d_srandom_r>,
15181 C<d_sresgproto>, C<d_sresuproto>, C<d_statblks>, C<d_statfs_f_flags>,
15182 C<d_statfs_s>, C<d_statvfs>, C<d_stdio_cnt_lval>, C<d_stdio_ptr_lval>,
15183 C<d_stdio_ptr_lval_nochange_cnt>, C<d_stdio_ptr_lval_sets_cnt>,
15184 C<d_stdio_stream_array>, C<d_stdiobase>, C<d_stdstdio>, C<d_strchr>,
15185 C<d_strcoll>, C<d_strctcpy>, C<d_strerrm>, C<d_strerror>, C<d_strerror_r>,
15186 C<d_strftime>, C<d_strlcat>, C<d_strlcpy>, C<d_strtod>, C<d_strtol>,
15187 C<d_strtold>, C<d_strtoll>, C<d_strtoq>, C<d_strtoul>, C<d_strtoull>,
15188 C<d_strtouq>, C<d_strxfrm>, C<d_suidsafe>, C<d_symlink>, C<d_syscall>,
15189 C<d_syscallproto>, C<d_sysconf>, C<d_sysernlst>, C<d_syserrlst>,
15190 C<d_system>, C<d_tcgetpgrp>, C<d_tcsetpgrp>, C<d_telldir>,
15191 C<d_telldirproto>, C<d_time>, C<d_times>, C<d_tm_tm_gmtoff>,
15192 C<d_tm_tm_zone>, C<d_tmpnam_r>, C<d_truncate>, C<d_ttyname_r>, C<d_tzname>,
15193 C<d_u32align>, C<d_ualarm>, C<d_umask>, C<d_uname>, C<d_union_semun>,
15194 C<d_unordered>, C<d_unsetenv>, C<d_usleep>, C<d_usleepproto>, C<d_ustat>,
15195 C<d_vendorarch>, C<d_vendorbin>, C<d_vendorlib>, C<d_vendorscript>,
15196 C<d_vfork>, C<d_void_closedir>, C<d_voidsig>, C<d_voidtty>, C<d_volatile>,
15197 C<d_vprintf>, C<d_vsnprintf>, C<d_wait4>, C<d_waitpid>, C<d_wcstombs>,
15198 C<d_wctomb>, C<d_writev>, C<d_xenix>, C<date>, C<db_hashtype>,
15199 C<db_prefixtype>, C<db_version_major>, C<db_version_minor>,
15200 C<db_version_patch>, C<defvoidused>, C<direntrytype>, C<dlext>, C<dlsrc>,
15201 C<doublesize>, C<drand01>, C<drand48_r_proto>, C<dynamic_ext>
15205 C<eagain>, C<ebcdic>, C<echo>, C<egrep>, C<emacs>, C<endgrent_r_proto>,
15206 C<endhostent_r_proto>, C<endnetent_r_proto>, C<endprotoent_r_proto>,
15207 C<endpwent_r_proto>, C<endservent_r_proto>, C<eunicefix>, C<exe_ext>,
15208 C<expr>, C<extensions>, C<extras>
15212 C<fflushall>, C<fflushNULL>, C<find>, C<firstmakefile>, C<flex>,
15213 C<fpossize>, C<fpostype>, C<freetype>, C<from>, C<full_ar>, C<full_csh>,
15218 C<gccansipedantic>, C<gccosandvers>, C<gccversion>, C<getgrent_r_proto>,
15219 C<getgrgid_r_proto>, C<getgrnam_r_proto>, C<gethostbyaddr_r_proto>,
15220 C<gethostbyname_r_proto>, C<gethostent_r_proto>, C<getlogin_r_proto>,
15221 C<getnetbyaddr_r_proto>, C<getnetbyname_r_proto>, C<getnetent_r_proto>,
15222 C<getprotobyname_r_proto>, C<getprotobynumber_r_proto>,
15223 C<getprotoent_r_proto>, C<getpwent_r_proto>, C<getpwnam_r_proto>,
15224 C<getpwuid_r_proto>, C<getservbyname_r_proto>, C<getservbyport_r_proto>,
15225 C<getservent_r_proto>, C<getspnam_r_proto>, C<gidformat>, C<gidsign>,
15226 C<gidsize>, C<gidtype>, C<glibpth>, C<gmake>, C<gmtime_r_proto>,
15227 C<gnulibc_version>, C<grep>, C<groupcat>, C<groupstype>, C<gzip>
15231 C<h_fcntl>, C<h_sysfile>, C<hint>, C<hostcat>, C<html1dir>, C<html1direxp>,
15232 C<html3dir>, C<html3direxp>
15236 C<i16size>, C<i16type>, C<i32size>, C<i32type>, C<i64size>, C<i64type>,
15237 C<i8size>, C<i8type>, C<i_arpainet>, C<i_bsdioctl>, C<i_crypt>, C<i_db>,
15238 C<i_dbm>, C<i_dirent>, C<i_dld>, C<i_dlfcn>, C<i_fcntl>, C<i_float>,
15239 C<i_fp>, C<i_fp_class>, C<i_gdbm>, C<i_grp>, C<i_ieeefp>, C<i_inttypes>,
15240 C<i_langinfo>, C<i_libutil>, C<i_limits>, C<i_locale>, C<i_machcthr>,
15241 C<i_malloc>, C<i_math>, C<i_memory>, C<i_mntent>, C<i_ndbm>, C<i_netdb>,
15242 C<i_neterrno>, C<i_netinettcp>, C<i_niin>, C<i_poll>, C<i_prot>,
15243 C<i_pthread>, C<i_pwd>, C<i_rpcsvcdbm>, C<i_sfio>, C<i_sgtty>, C<i_shadow>,
15244 C<i_socks>, C<i_stdarg>, C<i_stddef>, C<i_stdlib>, C<i_string>,
15245 C<i_sunmath>, C<i_sysaccess>, C<i_sysdir>, C<i_sysfile>, C<i_sysfilio>,
15246 C<i_sysin>, C<i_sysioctl>, C<i_syslog>, C<i_sysmman>, C<i_sysmode>,
15247 C<i_sysmount>, C<i_sysndir>, C<i_sysparam>, C<i_sysresrc>, C<i_syssecrt>,
15248 C<i_sysselct>, C<i_syssockio>, C<i_sysstat>, C<i_sysstatfs>,
15249 C<i_sysstatvfs>, C<i_systime>, C<i_systimek>, C<i_systimes>, C<i_systypes>,
15250 C<i_sysuio>, C<i_sysun>, C<i_sysutsname>, C<i_sysvfs>, C<i_syswait>,
15251 C<i_termio>, C<i_termios>, C<i_time>, C<i_unistd>, C<i_ustat>, C<i_utime>,
15252 C<i_values>, C<i_varargs>, C<i_varhdr>, C<i_vfork>,
15253 C<ignore_versioned_solibs>, C<inc_version_list>, C<inc_version_list_init>,
15254 C<incpath>, C<inews>, C<initialinstalllocation>, C<installarchlib>,
15255 C<installbin>, C<installhtml1dir>, C<installhtml3dir>, C<installman1dir>,
15256 C<installman3dir>, C<installprefix>, C<installprefixexp>,
15257 C<installprivlib>, C<installscript>, C<installsitearch>, C<installsitebin>,
15258 C<installsitehtml1dir>, C<installsitehtml3dir>, C<installsitelib>,
15259 C<installsiteman1dir>, C<installsiteman3dir>, C<installsitescript>,
15260 C<installstyle>, C<installusrbinperl>, C<installvendorarch>,
15261 C<installvendorbin>, C<installvendorhtml1dir>, C<installvendorhtml3dir>,
15262 C<installvendorlib>, C<installvendorman1dir>, C<installvendorman3dir>,
15263 C<installvendorscript>, C<intsize>, C<issymlink>, C<ivdformat>, C<ivsize>,
15268 C<known_extensions>, C<ksh>
15272 C<ld>, C<lddlflags>, C<ldflags>, C<ldflags_uselargefiles>, C<ldlibpthname>,
15273 C<less>, C<lib_ext>, C<libc>, C<libperl>, C<libpth>, C<libs>, C<libsdirs>,
15274 C<libsfiles>, C<libsfound>, C<libspath>, C<libswanted>,
15275 C<libswanted_uselargefiles>, C<line>, C<lint>, C<lkflags>, C<ln>, C<lns>,
15276 C<localtime_r_proto>, C<locincpth>, C<loclibpth>, C<longdblsize>,
15277 C<longlongsize>, C<longsize>, C<lp>, C<lpr>, C<ls>, C<lseeksize>,
15282 C<mad>, C<madlyh>, C<madlyobj>, C<madlysrc>, C<mail>, C<mailx>, C<make>,
15283 C<make_set_make>, C<mallocobj>, C<mallocsrc>, C<malloctype>, C<man1dir>,
15284 C<man1direxp>, C<man1ext>, C<man3dir>, C<man3direxp>, C<man3ext>
15288 C<Mcc>, C<mips_type>, C<mistrustnm>, C<mkdir>, C<mmaptype>, C<modetype>,
15289 C<more>, C<multiarch>, C<mv>, C<myarchname>, C<mydomain>, C<myhostname>,
15294 C<n>, C<need_va_copy>, C<netdb_hlen_type>, C<netdb_host_type>,
15295 C<netdb_name_type>, C<netdb_net_type>, C<nm>, C<nm_opt>, C<nm_so_opt>,
15296 C<nonxs_ext>, C<nroff>, C<nv_preserves_uv_bits>, C<nveformat>,
15297 C<nvEUformat>, C<nvfformat>, C<nvFUformat>, C<nvgformat>, C<nvGUformat>,
15298 C<nvsize>, C<nvtype>
15302 C<o_nonblock>, C<obj_ext>, C<old_pthread_create_joinable>, C<optimize>,
15303 C<orderlib>, C<osname>, C<osvers>, C<otherlibdirs>
15307 C<package>, C<pager>, C<passcat>, C<patchlevel>, C<path_sep>, C<perl>,
15312 C<PERL_API_REVISION>, C<PERL_API_SUBVERSION>, C<PERL_API_VERSION>,
15313 C<PERL_CONFIG_SH>, C<PERL_PATCHLEVEL>, C<perl_patchlevel>,
15314 C<PERL_REVISION>, C<PERL_SUBVERSION>, C<PERL_VERSION>, C<perladmin>,
15315 C<perllibs>, C<perlpath>, C<pg>, C<phostname>, C<pidtype>, C<plibpth>,
15316 C<pmake>, C<pr>, C<prefix>, C<prefixexp>, C<privlib>, C<privlibexp>,
15317 C<procselfexe>, C<prototype>, C<ptrsize>
15321 C<quadkind>, C<quadtype>
15325 C<randbits>, C<randfunc>, C<random_r_proto>, C<randseedtype>, C<ranlib>,
15326 C<rd_nodata>, C<readdir64_r_proto>, C<readdir_r_proto>, C<revision>, C<rm>,
15327 C<rmail>, C<run>, C<runnm>
15331 C<sched_yield>, C<scriptdir>, C<scriptdirexp>, C<sed>, C<seedfunc>,
15332 C<selectminbits>, C<selecttype>, C<sendmail>, C<setgrent_r_proto>,
15333 C<sethostent_r_proto>, C<setlocale_r_proto>, C<setnetent_r_proto>,
15334 C<setprotoent_r_proto>, C<setpwent_r_proto>, C<setservent_r_proto>, C<sh>,
15335 C<shar>, C<sharpbang>, C<shmattype>, C<shortsize>, C<shrpenv>, C<shsharp>,
15336 C<sig_count>, C<sig_name>, C<sig_name_init>, C<sig_num>, C<sig_num_init>,
15337 C<sig_size>, C<signal_t>, C<sitearch>, C<sitearchexp>, C<sitebin>,
15338 C<sitebinexp>, C<sitehtml1dir>, C<sitehtml1direxp>, C<sitehtml3dir>,
15339 C<sitehtml3direxp>, C<sitelib>, C<sitelib_stem>, C<sitelibexp>,
15340 C<siteman1dir>, C<siteman1direxp>, C<siteman3dir>, C<siteman3direxp>,
15341 C<siteprefix>, C<siteprefixexp>, C<sitescript>, C<sitescriptexp>,
15342 C<sizesize>, C<sizetype>, C<sleep>, C<smail>, C<so>, C<sockethdr>,
15343 C<socketlib>, C<socksizetype>, C<sort>, C<spackage>, C<spitshell>,
15344 C<sPRId64>, C<sPRIeldbl>, C<sPRIEUldbl>, C<sPRIfldbl>, C<sPRIFUldbl>,
15345 C<sPRIgldbl>, C<sPRIGUldbl>, C<sPRIi64>, C<sPRIo64>, C<sPRIu64>,
15346 C<sPRIx64>, C<sPRIXU64>, C<srand48_r_proto>, C<srandom_r_proto>, C<src>,
15347 C<sSCNfldbl>, C<ssizetype>, C<startperl>, C<startsh>, C<static_ext>,
15348 C<stdchar>, C<stdio_base>, C<stdio_bufsiz>, C<stdio_cnt>, C<stdio_filbuf>,
15349 C<stdio_ptr>, C<stdio_stream_array>, C<strerror_r_proto>, C<strings>,
15350 C<submit>, C<subversion>, C<sysman>
15354 C<tail>, C<tar>, C<targetarch>, C<tbl>, C<tee>, C<test>, C<timeincl>,
15355 C<timetype>, C<tmpnam_r_proto>, C<to>, C<touch>, C<tr>, C<trnl>, C<troff>,
15360 C<u16size>, C<u16type>, C<u32size>, C<u32type>, C<u64size>, C<u64type>,
15361 C<u8size>, C<u8type>, C<uidformat>, C<uidsign>, C<uidsize>, C<uidtype>,
15362 C<uname>, C<uniq>, C<uquadtype>, C<use5005threads>, C<use64bitall>,
15363 C<use64bitint>, C<usecrosscompile>, C<usedl>, C<usefaststdio>,
15364 C<useithreads>, C<uselargefiles>, C<uselongdouble>, C<usemallocwrap>,
15365 C<usemorebits>, C<usemultiplicity>, C<usemymalloc>, C<usenm>, C<useopcode>,
15366 C<useperlio>, C<useposix>, C<usereentrant>, C<userelocatableinc>,
15367 C<usesfio>, C<useshrplib>, C<usesitecustomize>, C<usesocks>, C<usethreads>,
15368 C<usevendorprefix>, C<usevfork>, C<usrinc>, C<uuname>, C<uvoformat>,
15369 C<uvsize>, C<uvtype>, C<uvuformat>, C<uvxformat>, C<uvXUformat>
15373 C<vendorarch>, C<vendorarchexp>, C<vendorbin>, C<vendorbinexp>,
15374 C<vendorhtml1dir>, C<vendorhtml1direxp>, C<vendorhtml3dir>,
15375 C<vendorhtml3direxp>, C<vendorlib>, C<vendorlib_stem>, C<vendorlibexp>,
15376 C<vendorman1dir>, C<vendorman1direxp>, C<vendorman3dir>,
15377 C<vendorman3direxp>, C<vendorprefix>, C<vendorprefixexp>, C<vendorscript>,
15378 C<vendorscriptexp>, C<version>, C<version_patchlevel_string>,
15379 C<versiononly>, C<vi>, C<voidflags>
15387 C<yacc>, C<yaccflags>
15405 dynamic, nonxs, static
15411 =head2 Cwd - get pathname of current working directory
15421 =item getcwd and friends
15423 getcwd, cwd, fastcwd, fastgetcwd, getdcwd
15425 =item abs_path and friends
15427 abs_path, realpath, fast_abs_path
15443 =head2 DB - programmatic interface to the Perl debugging API (draft,
15455 =item Global Variables
15457 $DB::sub, %DB::sub, $DB::single, $DB::signal, $DB::trace, @DB::args,
15458 @DB::dbline, %DB::dbline, $DB::package, $DB::filename, $DB::subname,
15463 CLIENT->register(), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->skippkg('D::hide'),
15464 CLIENT->run(), CLIENT->step(), CLIENT->next(), CLIENT->done()
15466 =item Client Callback Methods
15468 CLIENT->init(), CLIENT->prestop([STRING]), CLIENT->stop(), CLIENT->idle(),
15469 CLIENT->poststop([STRING]), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->cleanup(),
15470 CLIENT->output(LIST)
15480 =head2 DBM_Filter -- Filter DBM keys/values
15488 =item What is a DBM Filter?
15492 =item So what's new?
15500 =item $db->Filter_Push()
15502 =item $db->Filter_Key_Push()
15504 =item $db->Filter_Value_Push()
15506 Filter_Push, Filter_Key_Push, Filter_Value_Push
15508 =item $db->Filter_Pop()
15510 =item $db->Filtered()
15514 =item Writing a Filter
15518 =item Immediate Filters
15520 =item Canned Filters
15526 =item Filters Included
15528 utf8, encode, compress, int32, null
15534 =item Maintain Round Trip Integrity
15536 =item Don't mix filtered & non-filtered data in the same database file.
15548 =head2 DBM_Filter::compress - filter for DBM_Filter
15562 =head2 DBM_Filter::encode - filter for DBM_Filter
15576 =head2 DBM_Filter::int32 - filter for DBM_Filter
15590 =head2 DBM_Filter::null - filter for DBM_Filter
15604 =head2 DBM_Filter::utf8 - filter for DBM_Filter
15618 =head2 DB_File - Perl5 access to Berkeley DB version 1.x
15626 B<DB_HASH>, B<DB_BTREE>, B<DB_RECNO>
15630 =item Using DB_File with Berkeley DB version 2 or greater
15632 =item Interface to Berkeley DB
15634 =item Opening a Berkeley DB Database File
15636 =item Default Parameters
15638 =item In Memory Databases
15646 =item A Simple Example
15654 =item Changing the BTREE sort order
15656 =item Handling Duplicate Keys
15658 =item The get_dup() Method
15660 =item The find_dup() Method
15662 =item The del_dup() Method
15664 =item Matching Partial Keys
15672 =item The 'bval' Option
15674 =item A Simple Example
15676 =item Extra RECNO Methods
15678 B<$X-E<gt>push(list) ;>, B<$value = $X-E<gt>pop ;>, B<$X-E<gt>shift>,
15679 B<$X-E<gt>unshift(list) ;>, B<$X-E<gt>length>, B<$X-E<gt>splice(offset,
15680 length, elements);>
15682 =item Another Example
15686 =item THE API INTERFACE
15688 B<$status = $X-E<gt>get($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status =
15689 $X-E<gt>put($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>del($key [,
15690 $flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>fd ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>seq($key,
15691 $value, $flags) ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>sync([$flags]) ;>
15695 B<filter_store_key>, B<filter_store_value>, B<filter_fetch_key>,
15696 B<filter_fetch_value>
15702 =item An Example -- the NULL termination problem.
15704 =item Another Example -- Key is a C int.
15708 =item HINTS AND TIPS
15712 =item Locking: The Trouble with fd
15714 =item Safe ways to lock a database
15716 B<Tie::DB_Lock>, B<Tie::DB_LockFile>, B<DB_File::Lock>
15718 =item Sharing Databases With C Applications
15720 =item The untie() Gotcha
15724 =item COMMON QUESTIONS
15728 =item Why is there Perl source in my database?
15730 =item How do I store complex data structures with DB_File?
15732 =item What does "Invalid Argument" mean?
15734 =item What does "Bareword 'DB_File' not allowed" mean?
15754 =head2 Data::Dumper - stringified perl data structures, suitable for both
15755 printing and C<eval>
15767 I<PACKAGE>->new(I<ARRAYREF [>, I<ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Dump I<or>
15768 I<PACKAGE>->Dump(I<ARRAYREF [>, I<ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Seen(I<[HASHREF]>),
15769 I<$OBJ>->Values(I<[ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Names(I<[ARRAYREF]>),
15776 =item Configuration Variables or Methods
15802 =head2 Devel::DProf - a Perl code profiler
15810 =item PROFILE FORMAT
15822 =head2 Devel::PPPort - Perl/Pollution/Portability
15832 =item Why use ppport.h?
15834 =item How to use ppport.h
15836 =item Running ppport.h
15848 =item COMPATIBILITY
15852 =item Provided Perl compatibility API
15854 =item Perl API not supported by ppport.h
15856 perl 5.9.4, perl 5.9.3, perl 5.9.2, perl 5.9.1, perl 5.9.0, perl 5.8.3,
15857 perl 5.8.1, perl 5.8.0, perl 5.7.3, perl 5.7.2, perl 5.7.1, perl 5.6.1,
15858 perl 5.6.0, perl 5.005_03, perl 5.005, perl 5.004_05, perl 5.004
15872 =head2 Devel::Peek - A data debugging tool for the XS programmer
15882 =item Runtime debugging
15884 =item Memory footprint debugging
15892 =item A simple scalar string
15894 =item A simple scalar number
15896 =item A simple scalar with an extra reference
15898 =item A reference to a simple scalar
15900 =item A reference to an array
15902 =item A reference to a hash
15904 =item Dumping a large array or hash
15906 =item A reference to an SV which holds a C pointer
15908 =item A reference to a subroutine
15922 =head2 Devel::SelfStubber - generate stubs for a SelfLoading module
15932 =head2 Digest - Modules that calculate message digests
15940 I<binary>, I<hex>, I<base64>
15944 $ctx = Digest->XXX($arg,...), $ctx = Digest->new(XXX => $arg,...), $ctx =
15945 Digest::XXX->new($arg,...), $other_ctx = $ctx->clone, $ctx->reset,
15946 $ctx->add( $data ), $ctx->add( $chunk1, $chunk2, ... ), $ctx->addfile(
15947 $io_handle ), $ctx->add_bits( $data, $nbits ), $ctx->add_bits( $bitstring
15948 ), $ctx->digest, $ctx->hexdigest, $ctx->b64digest
15958 =head2 Digest::MD5 - Perl interface to the MD5 Algorithm
15968 md5($data,...), md5_hex($data,...), md5_base64($data,...)
15972 $md5 = Digest::MD5->new, $md5->reset, $md5->clone, $md5->add($data,...),
15973 $md5->addfile($io_handle), $md5->add_bits($data, $nbits),
15974 $md5->add_bits($bitstring), $md5->digest, $md5->hexdigest, $md5->b64digest
15986 =head2 Digest::SHA - Perl extension for SHA-1/224/256/384/512
15990 =item SYNOPSIS (SHA)
15992 =item SYNOPSIS (HMAC-SHA)
15998 =item NIST STATEMENT ON SHA-1
16002 =item EXPORTABLE FUNCTIONS
16004 B<sha1($data, ...)>, B<sha224($data, ...)>, B<sha256($data, ...)>,
16005 B<sha384($data, ...)>, B<sha512($data, ...)>, B<sha1_hex($data, ...)>,
16006 B<sha224_hex($data, ...)>, B<sha256_hex($data, ...)>, B<sha384_hex($data,
16007 ...)>, B<sha512_hex($data, ...)>, B<sha1_base64($data, ...)>,
16008 B<sha224_base64($data, ...)>, B<sha256_base64($data, ...)>,
16009 B<sha384_base64($data, ...)>, B<sha512_base64($data, ...)>, B<new($alg)>,
16010 B<reset($alg)>, B<hashsize>, B<algorithm>, B<clone>, B<add($data, ...)>,
16011 B<add_bits($data, $nbits)>, B<add_bits($bits)>, B<addfile(*FILE)>,
16012 B<addfile($filename [, $mode])>, B<"b"> read file in binary mode,
16013 B<"p"> use portable mode, B<dump($filename)>, B<load($filename)>,
16014 B<digest>, B<hexdigest>, B<b64digest>, B<hmac_sha1($data, $key)>,
16015 B<hmac_sha224($data, $key)>, B<hmac_sha256($data, $key)>,
16016 B<hmac_sha384($data, $key)>, B<hmac_sha512($data, $key)>,
16017 B<hmac_sha1_hex($data, $key)>, B<hmac_sha224_hex($data, $key)>,
16018 B<hmac_sha256_hex($data, $key)>, B<hmac_sha384_hex($data, $key)>,
16019 B<hmac_sha512_hex($data, $key)>, B<hmac_sha1_base64($data, $key)>,
16020 B<hmac_sha224_base64($data, $key)>, B<hmac_sha256_base64($data, $key)>,
16021 B<hmac_sha384_base64($data, $key)>, B<hmac_sha512_base64($data, $key)>
16027 =item ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
16029 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
16033 =head2 Digest::base - Digest base class
16045 =head2 Digest::file - Calculate digests of files
16053 digest_file( $file, $algorithm, [$arg,...] ), digest_file_hex( $file,
16054 $algorithm, [$arg,...] ), digest_file_base64( $file, $algorithm, [$arg,...]
16061 =head2 DirHandle - supply object methods for directory handles
16073 =head2 Dumpvalue - provides screen dump of Perl data.
16085 C<arrayDepth>, C<hashDepth>, C<compactDump>, C<veryCompact>, C<globPrint>,
16086 C<dumpDBFiles>, C<dumpPackages>, C<dumpReused>, C<tick>, C<quoteHighBit>,
16087 C<printUndef>, C<usageOnly>, unctrl, subdump, bareStringify, quoteHighBit,
16092 dumpValue, dumpValues, stringify, dumpvars, set_quote, set_unctrl,
16093 compactDump, veryCompact, set, get
16099 =head2 DynaLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code
16107 @dl_library_path, @dl_resolve_using, @dl_require_symbols, @dl_librefs,
16108 @dl_modules, @dl_shared_objects, dl_error(), $dl_debug, dl_findfile(),
16109 dl_expandspec(), dl_load_file(), dl_unload_file(), dl_load_flags(),
16110 dl_find_symbol(), dl_find_symbol_anywhere(), dl_undef_symbols(),
16111 dl_install_xsub(), bootstrap()
16117 =head2 DynaLoader::XSLoader, XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into
16130 =item Migration from C<DynaLoader>
16132 =item Backward compatible boilerplate
16136 =item Order of initialization: early load()
16140 =item The most hairy case
16146 Can't find '%s' symbol in %s, Can't load '%s' for module %s: %s, Undefined
16147 symbols present after loading %s: %s, XSLoader::load('Your::Module',
16148 $Your::Module::VERSION)
16162 =head2 Encode - character encodings
16170 =item Table of Contents
16182 =item PERL ENCODING API
16184 $octets = encode(ENCODING, $string [, CHECK]), $string = decode(ENCODING,
16185 $octets [, CHECK]), [$length =] from_to($octets, FROM_ENC, TO_ENC [,
16186 CHECK]), $octets = encode_utf8($string);, $string = decode_utf8($octets [,
16191 =item Listing available encodings
16193 =item Defining Aliases
16197 =item Encoding via PerlIO
16199 =item Handling Malformed Data
16201 B<NOTE:> Not all encoding support this feature, I<CHECK> =
16202 Encode::FB_DEFAULT ( == 0), I<CHECK> = Encode::FB_CROAK ( == 1), I<CHECK> =
16203 Encode::FB_QUIET, I<CHECK> = Encode::FB_WARN, perlqq mode (I<CHECK> =
16204 Encode::FB_PERLQQ), HTML charref mode (I<CHECK> = Encode::FB_HTMLCREF), XML
16205 charref mode (I<CHECK> = Encode::FB_XMLCREF), The bitmask
16209 =item coderef for CHECK
16213 =item Defining Encodings
16215 =item The UTF-8 flag
16217 Goal #1:, Goal #2:, Goal #3:, Goal #4:
16221 =item Messing with Perl's Internals
16223 is_utf8(STRING [, CHECK]), _utf8_on(STRING), _utf8_off(STRING)
16227 =item UTF-8 vs. utf8
16237 =head2 Encode::Alias - alias definitions to encodings
16245 As a simple string, As a qr// compiled regular expression, e.g.:, As a code
16250 =item Alias overloading
16258 =head2 Encode::Byte - Single Byte Encodings
16272 =head2 Encode::CJKConstants -- Internally used by Encode::??::ISO_2022_*
16274 =head2 Encode::CN - China-based Chinese Encodings
16290 =head2 Encode::CN::HZ -- internally used by Encode::CN
16292 =head2 Encode::Config -- internally used by Encode
16294 =head2 Encode::EBCDIC - EBCDIC Encodings
16308 =head2 Encode::Encoding - Encode Implementation Base Class
16318 =item Methods you should implement
16320 -E<gt>encode($string [,$check]), -E<gt>decode($octets [,$check]),
16321 -E<gt>cat_decode($destination, $octets, $offset, $terminator [,$check])
16323 =item Other methods defined in Encode::Encodings
16325 -E<gt>name, -E<gt>renew, -E<gt>renewed, -E<gt>perlio_ok(),
16326 -E<gt>needs_lines()
16328 =item Example: Encode::ROT13
16332 =item Why the heck Encode API is different?
16336 =item Compiled Encodings
16342 Scheme 1, Scheme 2, Other Schemes
16346 =head2 Encode::Guess -- Guesses encoding from data
16356 Encode::Guess->set_suspects, Encode::Guess->add_suspects,
16357 Encode::decode("Guess" ...), Encode::Guess->guess($data),
16358 guess_encoding($data, [, I<list of suspects>])
16368 =head2 Encode::JP - Japanese Encodings
16378 =item Note on ISO-2022-JP(-1)?
16386 =head2 Encode::JP::H2Z -- internally used by Encode::JP::2022_JP*
16388 =head2 Encode::JP::JIS7 -- internally used by Encode::JP
16390 =head2 Encode::KR - Korean Encodings
16404 =head2 Encode::KR::2022_KR -- internally used by Encode::KR
16406 =head2 Encode::MIME::Header -- MIME 'B' and 'Q' header encoding
16422 =head2 Encode::PerlIO -- a detailed document on Encode and PerlIO
16428 =item How does it work?
16430 =item Line Buffering
16434 =item How can I tell whether my encoding fully supports PerlIO ?
16442 =head2 Encode::Supported -- Encodings supported by Encode
16450 =item Encoding Names
16454 =item Supported Encodings
16458 =item Built-in Encodings
16460 =item Encode::Unicode -- other Unicode encodings
16462 =item Encode::Byte -- Extended ASCII
16464 ISO-8859 and corresponding vendor mappings, KOI8 - De Facto Standard for
16465 the Cyrillic world, gsm0338 - Hentai Latin 1
16467 =item CJK: Chinese, Japanese, Korean (Multibyte)
16469 Encode::CN -- Continental China, Encode::JP -- Japan, Encode::KR -- Korea,
16470 Encode::TW -- Taiwan, Encode::HanExtra -- More Chinese via CPAN,
16471 Encode::JIS2K -- JIS X 0213 encodings via CPAN
16473 =item Miscellaneous encodings
16475 Encode::EBCDIC, Encode::Symbols, Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::Guess
16479 =item Unsupported encodings
16481 ISO-2022-JP-2 [RFC1554], ISO-2022-CN [RFC1922], Various HP-UX encodings,
16482 Cyrillic encoding ISO-IR-111, ISO-8859-8-1 [Hebrew], ISIRI 3342, Iran
16483 System, ISIRI 2900 [Farsi], Thai encoding TCVN, Vietnamese encodings VPS,
16484 Various Mac encodings, (Mac) Indic encodings
16486 =item Encoding vs. Charset -- terminology
16488 =item Encoding Classification (by Anton Tagunov and Dan Kogai)
16492 =item Microsoft-related naming mess
16494 KS_C_5601-1987, GB2312, Big5, Shift_JIS
16500 character repertoire, coded character set (CCS), character encoding scheme
16501 (CES), charset (in MIME context), EUC, ISO-2022, UCS, UCS-2, Unicode, UTF,
16508 ECMA, ECMA-035 (eq C<ISO-2022>), IANA, Assigned Charset Names by IANA, ISO,
16509 RFC, UC, Unicode Glossary
16513 =item Other Notable Sites
16515 czyborra.com, CJK.inf, Jungshik Shin's Hangul FAQ, debian.org:
16516 "Introduction to i18n"
16518 =item Offline sources
16520 C<CJKV Information Processing> by Ken Lunde
16526 =head2 Encode::Symbol - Symbol Encodings
16540 =head2 Encode::TW - Taiwan-based Chinese Encodings
16556 =head2 Encode::Unicode -- Various Unicode Transformation Formats
16564 L<http://www.unicode.org/glossary/> says:, Quick Reference
16566 =item Size, Endianness, and BOM
16572 =item by endianness
16574 BOM as integer when fetched in network byte order
16578 =item Surrogate Pairs
16580 =item Error Checking
16586 =head2 Encode::Unicode::UTF7 -- UTF-7 encoding
16600 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Alias, Encode::Alias - alias definitions to
16609 As a simple string, As a qr// compiled regular expression, e.g.:, As a code
16614 =item Alias overloading
16622 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::CJKConstants, Encode::CJKConstants.pm --
16623 Internally used by Encode::??::ISO_2022_*
16625 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::CN::HZ, Encode::CN::HZ -- internally used by
16628 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Config, Encode::Config -- internally used by
16631 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Encoding, Encode::Encoding - Encode
16632 Implementation Base Class
16642 =item Methods you should implement
16644 -E<gt>encode($string [,$check]), -E<gt>decode($octets [,$check]),
16645 -E<gt>cat_decode($destination, $octets, $offset, $terminator [,$check])
16647 =item Other methods defined in Encode::Encodings
16649 -E<gt>name, -E<gt>renew, -E<gt>renewed, -E<gt>perlio_ok(),
16650 -E<gt>needs_lines()
16652 =item Example: Encode::ROT13
16656 =item Why the heck Encode API is different?
16660 =item Compiled Encodings
16666 Scheme 1, Scheme 2, Other Schemes
16670 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Guess, Encode::Guess -- Guesses encoding from
16681 Encode::Guess->set_suspects, Encode::Guess->add_suspects,
16682 Encode::decode("Guess" ...), Encode::Guess->guess($data),
16683 guess_encoding($data, [, I<list of suspects>])
16693 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::JP::H2Z, Encode::JP::H2Z -- internally used by
16694 Encode::JP::2022_JP*
16696 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::JP::JIS7, Encode::JP::JIS7 -- internally used
16699 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::KR::2022_KR, Encode::KR::2022_KR -- internally
16702 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::MIME::Header -- MIME 'B'
16703 and 'Q' header encoding
16719 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::PerlIO, Encode::PerlIO -- a detailed document
16720 on Encode and PerlIO
16726 =item How does it work?
16728 =item Line Buffering
16732 =item How can I tell whether my encoding fully supports PerlIO ?
16740 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Supported, Encode::Supported -- Encodings
16741 supported by Encode
16749 =item Encoding Names
16753 =item Supported Encodings
16757 =item Built-in Encodings
16759 =item Encode::Unicode -- other Unicode encodings
16761 =item Encode::Byte -- Extended ASCII
16763 ISO-8859 and corresponding vendor mappings, KOI8 - De Facto Standard for
16764 the Cyrillic world, gsm0338 - Hentai Latin 1
16766 =item CJK: Chinese, Japanese, Korean (Multibyte)
16768 Encode::CN -- Continental China, Encode::JP -- Japan, Encode::KR -- Korea,
16769 Encode::TW -- Taiwan, Encode::HanExtra -- More Chinese via CPAN,
16770 Encode::JIS2K -- JIS X 0213 encodings via CPAN
16772 =item Miscellaneous encodings
16774 Encode::EBCDIC, Encode::Symbols, Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::Guess
16778 =item Unsupported encodings
16780 ISO-2022-JP-2 [RFC1554], ISO-2022-CN [RFC1922], Various HP-UX encodings,
16781 Cyrillic encoding ISO-IR-111, ISO-8859-8-1 [Hebrew], ISIRI 3342, Iran
16782 System, ISIRI 2900 [Farsi], Thai encoding TCVN, Vietnamese encodings VPS,
16783 Various Mac encodings, (Mac) Indic encodings
16785 =item Encoding vs. Charset -- terminology
16787 =item Encoding Classification (by Anton Tagunov and Dan Kogai)
16791 =item Microsoft-related naming mess
16793 KS_C_5601-1987, GB2312, Big5, Shift_JIS
16799 character repertoire, coded character set (CCS), character encoding scheme
16800 (CES), charset (in MIME context), EUC, ISO-2022, UCS, UCS-2, Unicode, UTF,
16807 ECMA, ECMA-035 (eq C<ISO-2022>), IANA, Assigned Charset Names by IANA, ISO,
16808 RFC, UC, Unicode Glossary
16812 =item Other Notable Sites
16814 czyborra.com, CJK.inf, Jungshik Shin's Hangul FAQ, debian.org:
16815 "Introduction to i18n"
16817 =item Offline sources
16819 C<CJKV Information Processing> by Ken Lunde
16825 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Unicode::UTF7, Encode::Unicode::UTF7 -- UTF-7
16840 =head2 Encode::lib::Encoder, Encode::Encoder -- Object Oriented Encoder
16852 =item Predefined Methods
16854 $e = Encode::Encoder-E<gt>new([$data, $encoding]);, encoder(),
16855 $e-E<gt>data([$data]), $e-E<gt>encoding([$encoding]),
16856 $e-E<gt>bytes([$encoding])
16858 =item Example: base64 transcoder
16860 =item Operator Overloading
16868 =head2 Encodencoding, encoding - allows you to write your script in
16869 non-ascii or non-utf8
16879 =item Literal Conversions
16881 =item PerlIO layers for C<STD(IN|OUT)>
16883 =item Implicit upgrading for byte strings
16887 =item FEATURES THAT REQUIRE 5.8.1
16889 "NON-EUC" doublebyte encodings, tr//, DATA pseudo-filehandle
16893 use encoding [I<ENCNAME>] ;, use encoding I<ENCNAME> [ STDIN =E<gt>
16894 I<ENCNAME_IN> ...] ;, use encoding I<ENCNAME> Filter=E<gt>1;, no encoding;
16896 =item The Filter Option
16900 =item Filter-related changes at Encode version 1.87
16910 =item DO NOT MIX MULTIPLE ENCODINGS
16912 =item tr/// with ranges
16914 Legend of characters above
16918 =item EXAMPLE - Greekperl
16920 =item KNOWN PROBLEMS
16922 literals in regex that are longer than 127 bytes, EBCDIC, format
16926 =item The Logic of :locale
16936 =head2 Encoder, Encode::Encoder -- Object Oriented Encoder
16948 =item Predefined Methods
16950 $e = Encode::Encoder-E<gt>new([$data, $encoding]);, encoder(),
16951 $e-E<gt>data([$data]), $e-E<gt>encoding([$encoding]),
16952 $e-E<gt>bytes([$encoding])
16954 =item Example: base64 transcoder
16956 =item Operator Overloading
16964 =head2 English - use nice English (or awk) names for ugly punctuation
16977 =head2 Env - perl module that imports environment variables as scalars or
16992 =head2 Errno - System errno constants
17008 =head2 Exporter - Implements default import method for modules
17018 =item How to Export
17020 =item Selecting What To Export
17022 =item How to Import
17024 C<use ModuleName;>, C<use ModuleName ();>, C<use ModuleName qw(...);>
17028 =item Advanced features
17032 =item Specialised Import Lists
17034 =item Exporting without using Exporter's import method
17036 =item Exporting without inheriting from Exporter
17038 =item Module Version Checking
17040 =item Managing Unknown Symbols
17042 =item Tag Handling Utility Functions
17044 =item Generating combined tags
17046 =item C<AUTOLOAD>ed Constants
17052 =head2 Exporter::Heavy - Exporter guts
17062 =head2 ExtUtils::CBuilder - Compile and link C code for Perl modules
17072 new, have_compiler, compile, C<object_file>, C<include_dirs>,
17073 C<extra_compiler_flags>, link, lib_file, module_name, extra_linker_flags,
17074 link_executable, exe_file, object_file, lib_file, exe_file, prelink,
17075 need_prelink, extra_link_args_after_prelink
17089 =head2 ExtUtils::CBuilder::Platform::Windows - Builder class for Windows
17102 =head2 ExtUtils::Command - utilities to replace common UNIX commands in
17143 =head2 ExtUtils::Command::MM - Commands for the MM's to use in Makefiles
17157 B<warn_if_old_packlist>
17159 B<perllocal_install>
17163 =head2 ExtUtils::Constant - generate XS code to import C header constants
17173 IV, UV, NV, PV, PVN, SV, YES, NO, UNDEF
17181 XS_constant PACKAGE, TYPES, SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME
17183 autoload PACKAGE, VERSION, AUTOLOADER
17185 WriteMakefileSnippet
17187 WriteConstants ATTRIBUTE =E<gt> VALUE [, ...], NAME, DEFAULT_TYPE,
17188 BREAKOUT_AT, NAMES, C_FH, C_FILE, XS_FH, XS_FILE, SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME
17196 =head2 ExtUtils::Constant::Base - base class for ExtUtils::Constant objects
17210 memEQ_clause args_hashref
17212 dump_names arg_hashref, ITEM..
17214 assign arg_hashref, VALUE..
17216 return_clause arg_hashref, ITEM
17218 switch_clause arg_hashref, NAMELEN, ITEMHASH, ITEM..
17222 dogfood arg_hashref, ITEM..
17224 normalise_items args, default_type, seen_types, seen_items, ITEM..
17226 C_constant arg_hashref, ITEM.., name, type, value, macro, default, pre,
17227 post, def_pre, def_post, utf8, weight
17237 =head2 ExtUtils::Constant::Utils - helper functions for ExtUtils::Constant
17251 perl_stringify NAME
17259 =head2 ExtUtils::Constant::XS, ExtUtils::Constant::Base - base class for
17260 ExtUtils::Constant objects
17274 =head2 ExtUtils::Embed - Utilities for embedding Perl in C/C++ applications
17286 xsinit(), Examples, ldopts(), Examples, perl_inc(), ccflags(), ccdlflags(),
17287 ccopts(), xsi_header(), xsi_protos(@modules), xsi_body(@modules)
17297 =head2 ExtUtils::Install - install files from here to there
17305 _chmod($$;$), _warnonce(@), _choke(@)
17309 _move_file_at_boot( $file, $target, $moan )
17311 _unlink_or_rename( $file, $tryhard, $installing )
17325 _can_write_dir(C<$dir>)
17327 _mkpath($dir,$show,$mode,$verbose,$fake)
17329 _copy($from,$to,$verbose,$fake)
17335 install_rooted_file( $file ), install_rooted_dir( $dir )
17337 forceunlink( $file, $tryhard )
17339 directory_not_empty( $dir )
17341 B<install_default> I<DISCOURAGED>
17345 inc_uninstall($filepath,$libdir,$verbose,$nonono,$ignore)
17347 run_filter($cmd,$src,$dest)
17359 B<PERL_INSTALL_ROOT>, B<EU_INSTALL_IGNORE_SKIP>,
17360 B<EU_INSTALL_SITE_SKIPFILE>
17368 =head2 ExtUtils::Installed - Inventory management of installed modules
17380 new(), modules(), files(), directories(), directory_tree(), validate(),
17381 packlist(), version()
17389 =head2 ExtUtils::Liblist - determine libraries to use and how to use them
17397 For static extensions, For dynamic extensions at build/link time, For
17398 dynamic extensions at load time
17404 =item LDLOADLIBS and LD_RUN_PATH
17414 =item VMS implementation
17416 =item Win32 implementation
17424 =head2 ExtUtils::MM - OS adjusted ExtUtils::MakeMaker subclass
17434 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_AIX - AIX specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix
17444 =item Overridden methods
17458 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Any - Platform-agnostic MM methods
17470 =item Cross-platform helper methods
17496 =item File::Spec wrappers
17512 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_BeOS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
17513 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
17527 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
17528 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
17542 replace_manpage_separator
17546 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_DOS - DOS specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix
17556 =item Overridden methods
17564 B<replace_manpage_separator>
17574 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_MacOS - once produced Makefiles for MacOS Classic
17584 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_NW5 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
17585 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
17597 init_platform, platform_constants
17605 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_OS2 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
17606 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
17624 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_QNX - QNX specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix
17634 =item Overridden methods
17648 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_UWIN - U/WIN specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix
17658 =item Overridden methods
17666 B<replace_manpage_separator>
17676 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Unix - methods used by ExtUtils::MakeMaker
17778 init_platform, platform_constants
17822 post_initialize (o)
17834 replace_manpage_separator
17858 test_via_harness (override)
17860 test_via_script (override)
17884 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_VMS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
17885 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
17895 =item Methods always loaded
17907 guess_name (override)
17911 find_perl (override)
17913 maybe_command (override)
17917 pm_to_blib (override)
17919 perl_script (override)
17921 replace_manpage_separator
17927 init_main (override)
17929 init_others (override)
17931 init_platform (override)
17935 init_VERSION (override)
17937 constants (override)
17943 const_cccmd (override)
17945 tools_other (override)
17947 init_dist (override)
17957 dynamic_lib (override)
17959 static_lib (override)
17963 zipfile_target, tarfile_target, shdist_target
17967 perldepend (override)
17969 makeaperl (override)
17971 nicetext (override)
17973 prefixify (override)
18001 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_VOS - VOS specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix
18011 =item Overridden methods
18025 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Win32 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
18026 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
18038 =item Overridden methods
18044 replace_manpage_separator
18052 init_platform, platform_constants
18078 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Win95 - method to customize MakeMaker for Win9X
18088 =item Overridden methods
18110 =head2 ExtUtils::MY - ExtUtils::MakeMaker subclass for customization
18120 =head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker - Create a module Makefile
18130 =item How To Write A Makefile.PL
18132 =item Default Makefile Behaviour
18140 =item PREFIX and LIB attribute
18144 =item Static Linking of a new Perl Binary
18146 =item Determination of Perl Library and Installation Locations
18148 =item Which architecture dependent directory?
18150 =item Using Attributes and Parameters
18152 ABSTRACT, ABSTRACT_FROM, AUTHOR, BINARY_LOCATION, C, CCFLAGS, CONFIG,
18153 CONFIGURE, DEFINE, DESTDIR, DIR, DISTNAME, DISTVNAME, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS,
18154 EXCLUDE_EXT, EXE_FILES, EXTRA_META, FIRST_MAKEFILE, FULLPERL, FULLPERLRUN,
18155 FULLPERLRUNINST, FUNCLIST, H, IMPORTS, INC, INCLUDE_EXT, INSTALLARCHLIB,
18156 INSTALLBIN, INSTALLDIRS, INSTALLMAN1DIR, INSTALLMAN3DIR, INSTALLPRIVLIB,
18157 INSTALLSCRIPT, INSTALLSITEARCH, INSTALLSITEBIN, INSTALLSITELIB,
18158 INSTALLSITEMAN1DIR, INSTALLSITEMAN3DIR, INSTALLSITESCRIPT,
18159 INSTALLVENDORARCH, INSTALLVENDORBIN, INSTALLVENDORLIB,
18160 INSTALLVENDORMAN1DIR, INSTALLVENDORMAN3DIR, INSTALLVENDORSCRIPT,
18161 INST_ARCHLIB, INST_BIN, INST_LIB, INST_MAN1DIR, INST_MAN3DIR, INST_SCRIPT,
18162 LD, LDDLFLAGS, LDFROM, LIB, LIBPERL_A, LIBS, LICENSE, LINKTYPE, MAKE,
18163 MAKEAPERL, MAKEFILE_OLD, MAN1PODS, MAN3PODS, MAP_TARGET, MYEXTLIB, NAME,
18164 NEEDS_LINKING, NOECHO, NORECURS, NO_META, NO_VC, OBJECT, OPTIMIZE, PERL,
18165 PERL_CORE, PERLMAINCC, PERL_ARCHLIB, PERL_LIB, PERL_MALLOC_OK, PERLPREFIX,
18166 PERLRUN, PERLRUNINST, PERL_SRC, PERM_RW, PERM_RWX, PL_FILES, PM, PMLIBDIRS,
18167 PM_FILTER, POLLUTE, PPM_INSTALL_EXEC, PPM_INSTALL_SCRIPT, PREFIX,
18168 PREREQ_FATAL, PREREQ_PM, PREREQ_PRINT, PRINT_PREREQ, SITEPREFIX, SIGN,
18169 SKIP, TYPEMAPS, VENDORPREFIX, VERBINST, VERSION, VERSION_FROM, VERSION_SYM,
18170 XS, XSOPT, XSPROTOARG, XS_VERSION
18172 =item Additional lowercase attributes
18174 clean, depend, dist, dynamic_lib, linkext, macro, postamble, realclean,
18175 test, tool_autosplit
18177 =item Overriding MakeMaker Methods
18179 =item The End Of Cargo Cult Programming
18181 C<< MAN3PODS => ' ' >>
18183 =item Hintsfile support
18185 =item Distribution Support
18187 make distcheck, make skipcheck, make distclean, make manifest,
18188 make distdir, make disttest, make tardist, make dist, make
18189 uutardist, make shdist, make zipdist, make ci
18191 =item Module Meta-Data
18193 =item Disabling an extension
18195 =item Other Handy Functions
18203 PERL_MM_OPT, PERL_MM_USE_DEFAULT, PERL_CORE
18213 =head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Config - Wrapper around Config.pm
18223 =head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::FAQ - Frequently Asked Questions About
18232 =item Module Installation
18234 How do I keep from installing man pages?, How do I use a module without
18237 =item Philosophy and History
18239 Why not just use <insert other build config tool here>?, What is
18240 Module::Build and how does it relate to MakeMaker?, pure perl. no make, no
18241 shell commands, easier to customize, cleaner internals, less cruft
18243 =item Module Writing
18245 How do I keep my $VERSION up to date without resetting it manually?, What's
18246 this F<META.yml> thing and how did it get in my F<MANIFEST>?!
18250 How to I prevent "object version X.XX does not match bootstrap parameter
18251 Y.YY" errors?, How do I make two or more XS files coexist in the same
18264 =head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Tutorial - Writing a module with MakeMaker
18278 Makefile.PL, MANIFEST, lib/, t/, Changes, README, INSTALL, MANIFEST.SKIP,
18287 =head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::bytes - Version-agnostic bytes.pm
18297 =head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::vmsish - Platform-agnostic vmsish.pm
18307 =head2 ExtUtils::Manifest - utilities to write and check a MANIFEST file
18345 =item MANIFEST.SKIP
18349 =item GLOBAL VARIABLES
18357 C<Not in MANIFEST:> I<file>, C<Skipping> I<file>, C<No such file:> I<file>,
18358 C<MANIFEST:> I<$!>, C<Added to MANIFEST:> I<file>
18362 B<PERL_MM_MANIFEST_DEBUG>
18370 =head2 ExtUtils::Miniperl, writemain - write the C code for perlmain.c
18382 =head2 ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap - make a bootstrap file for use by DynaLoader
18392 =head2 ExtUtils::Mksymlists - write linker options files for dynamic
18401 DLBASE, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, FILE, FUNCLIST, IMPORTS, NAME
18413 =head2 ExtUtils::Packlist - manage .packlist files
18425 new(), read(), write(), validate(), packlist_file()
18433 =head2 ExtUtils::ParseXS - converts Perl XS code into C code
18443 process_xs(), B<C++>, B<hiertype>, B<except>, B<typemap>, B<prototypes>,
18444 B<versioncheck>, B<linenumbers>, B<optimize>, B<inout>, B<argtypes>, B<s>,
18455 =head2 ExtUtils::testlib - add blib/* directories to @INC
18465 =head2 Fatal - replace functions with equivalents which succeed or die
18479 =head2 Fcntl - load the C Fcntl.h defines
18489 =item EXPORTED SYMBOLS
18493 =head2 File::Basename - Parse file paths into directory, filename and
18510 C<fileparse_set_fstype>
18518 =head2 File::CheckTree, validate - run many filetest checks on a tree
18532 =head2 File::Compare - Compare files or filehandles
18546 =head2 File::Copy - Copy files or filehandles
18556 =item Special behaviour if C<syscopy> is defined (OS/2, VMS and Win32)
18558 rmscopy($from,$to[,$date_flag])
18570 =head2 File::DosGlob - DOS like globbing and then some
18580 =item EXPORTS (by request only)
18592 =head2 File::Find - Traverse a directory tree.
18600 B<find>, B<finddepth>
18606 C<wanted>, C<bydepth>, C<preprocess>, C<postprocess>, C<follow>,
18607 C<follow_fast>, C<follow_skip>, C<dangling_symlinks>, C<no_chdir>,
18608 C<untaint>, C<untaint_pattern>, C<untaint_skip>
18610 =item The wanted function
18612 C<$File::Find::dir> is the current directory name,, C<$_> is the current
18613 filename within that directory, C<$File::Find::name> is the complete
18614 pathname to the file
18622 $dont_use_nlink, symlinks
18626 =item BUGS AND CAVEATS
18632 =head2 File::Glob - Perl extension for BSD glob routine
18642 =item META CHARACTERS
18646 C<GLOB_ERR>, C<GLOB_LIMIT>, C<GLOB_MARK>, C<GLOB_NOCASE>, C<GLOB_NOCHECK>,
18647 C<GLOB_NOSORT>, C<GLOB_BRACE>, C<GLOB_NOMAGIC>, C<GLOB_QUOTE>,
18648 C<GLOB_TILDE>, C<GLOB_CSH>, C<GLOB_ALPHASORT>
18654 C<GLOB_NOSPACE>, C<GLOB_ABEND>
18664 =head2 File::GlobMapper - Extend File Glob to Allow Input and Output Files
18672 This code is a work in progress, There are known bugs, The interface
18673 defined here is tentative, There are portability issues, Do not use in
18674 production code, Consider yourself warned!
18678 =item Behind The Scenes
18682 =item Input File Glob
18684 B<~>, B<~user>, B<.>, B<*>, B<?>, B<\>, B<[]>, B<{,}>, B<()>
18686 =item Output File Glob
18690 =item Returned Data
18698 =item A Rename script
18700 =item A few example globmaps
18708 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
18712 =head2 File::Path - create or remove directory trees
18726 =head2 File::Spec - portably perform operations on file names
18736 canonpath, catdir, catfile, curdir, devnull, rootdir, tmpdir, updir,
18737 no_upwards, case_tolerant, file_name_is_absolute, path, join, splitpath,
18738 splitdir, catpath(), abs2rel, rel2abs()
18748 =head2 File::Spec::Cygwin - methods for Cygwin file specs
18760 file_name_is_absolute
18770 =head2 File::Spec::Epoc - methods for Epoc file specs
18792 =head2 File::Spec::Functions - portably perform operations on file names
18812 =head2 File::Spec::Mac - File::Spec for Mac OS (Classic)
18840 file_name_is_absolute
18864 =head2 File::Spec::OS2 - methods for OS/2 file specs
18878 =head2 File::Spec::Unix - File::Spec for Unix, base for other File::Spec
18911 file_name_is_absolute
18935 =head2 File::Spec::VMS - methods for VMS file specs
18943 canonpath (override)
18961 case_tolerant (override)
18965 file_name_is_absolute (override)
18967 splitpath (override)
18969 splitdir (override)
18985 =head2 File::Spec::Win32 - methods for Win32 file specs
19011 =item Note For File::Spec::Win32 Maintainers
19023 =head2 File::Temp - return name and handle of a temporary file safely
19037 =item OBJECT-ORIENTED INTERFACE
19045 B<unlink_on_destroy>
19061 =item MKTEMP FUNCTIONS
19075 =item POSIX FUNCTIONS
19085 =item ADDITIONAL FUNCTIONS
19093 =item UTILITY FUNCTIONS
19107 =item PACKAGE VARIABLES
19109 B<safe_level>, STANDARD, MEDIUM, HIGH
19115 B<$KEEP_ALL>, B<$DEBUG>
19123 =item Temporary files and NFS
19139 =head2 File::stat - by-name interface to Perl's built-in stat() functions
19155 =head2 FileCache - keep more files open than the system permits
19163 cacheout EXPR, cacheout MODE, EXPR
19171 =head2 FileHandle - supply object methods for filehandles
19179 $fh->print, $fh->printf, $fh->getline, $fh->getlines
19185 =head2 Filter::Simple - Simplified source filtering
19199 =item Disabling or changing <no> behaviour
19201 =item All-in-one interface
19203 =item Filtering only specific components of source code
19205 C<"code">, C<"code_no_comments">, C<"executable">,
19206 C<"executable_no_comments">, C<"quotelike">, C<"string">, C<"regex">,
19209 =item Filtering only the code parts of source code
19211 Most source code ceases to be grammatically correct when it is broken up
19212 into the pieces between string literals and regexes. So the C<'code'>
19213 and C<'code_no_comments'> component filter behave slightly differently
19214 from the other partial filters described in the previous section.
19216 =item Using Filter::Simple with an explicit C<import> subroutine
19218 =item Using Filter::Simple and Exporter together
19230 =head2 Filter::Util::Call - Perl Source Filter Utility Module
19240 =item B<use Filter::Util::Call>
19244 =item B<filter() and anonymous sub>
19246 B<$_>, B<$status>, B<filter_read> and B<filter_read_exact>, B<filter_del>
19254 =item Example 1: A simple filter.
19256 =item Example 2: Using the context
19258 =item Example 3: Using the context within the filter
19260 =item Example 4: Using filter_del
19264 =item Filter::Simple
19272 =head2 FindBin - Locate directory of original perl script
19280 =item EXPORTABLE VARIABLES
19292 =head2 GDBM_File - Perl5 access to the gdbm library.
19308 =head2 Getopt::Long - Extended processing of command line options
19316 =item Command Line Options, an Introduction
19318 =item Getting Started with Getopt::Long
19322 =item Simple options
19324 =item A little bit less simple options
19326 =item Mixing command line option with other arguments
19328 =item Options with values
19330 =item Options with multiple values
19332 =item Options with hash values
19334 =item User-defined subroutines to handle options
19336 =item Options with multiple names
19338 =item Case and abbreviations
19340 =item Summary of Option Specifications
19342 !, +, s, i, o, f, : I<type> [ I<desttype> ], : I<number> [ I<desttype> ], :
19347 =item Advanced Possibilities
19351 =item Object oriented interface
19353 =item Thread Safety
19355 =item Documentation and help texts
19357 =item Storing option values in a hash
19361 =item The lonesome dash
19363 =item Argument callback
19367 =item Configuring Getopt::Long
19369 default, posix_default, auto_abbrev, getopt_compat, gnu_compat, gnu_getopt,
19370 require_order, permute, bundling (default: disabled), bundling_override
19371 (default: disabled), ignore_case (default: enabled), ignore_case_always
19372 (default: disabled), auto_version (default:disabled), auto_help
19373 (default:disabled), pass_through (default: disabled), prefix,
19374 prefix_pattern, long_prefix_pattern, debug (default: disabled)
19376 =item Exportable Methods
19378 VersionMessage, C<-message>, C<-msg>, C<-exitval>, C<-output>, HelpMessage
19380 =item Return values and Errors
19386 =item Default destinations
19388 =item Alternative option starters
19390 =item Configuration variables
19394 =item Trouble Shooting
19398 =item GetOptions does not return a false result when an option is not
19401 =item GetOptions does not split the command line correctly
19403 =item Undefined subroutine &main::GetOptions called
19405 =item How do I put a "-?" option into a Getopt::Long?
19411 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER
19415 =head2 Getopt::Std, getopt, getopts - Process single-character switches
19416 with switch clustering
19424 =item C<--help> and C<--version>
19428 =head2 Hash::Util - A selection of general-utility hash subroutines
19438 =item Restricted hashes
19440 B<lock_keys>, B<unlock_keys>
19448 B<lock_value>, B<unlock_value>
19450 B<lock_hash>, B<unlock_hash>
19452 B<lock_hash_recurse>, B<unlock_hash_recurse>
19456 b<legal_keys>, B<hidden_keys>, B<all_keys>, B<hash_seed>
19462 =item Operating on references to hashes.
19464 lock_ref_keys, unlock_ref_keys, lock_ref_keys_plus, lock_ref_value,
19465 unlock_ref_value, lock_hashref, unlock_hashref, lock_hashref_recurse,
19466 unlock_hashref_recurse, hash_ref_unlocked, legal_ref_keys, hidden_ref_keys
19482 =head2 Hash::Utilib::Hash::Util, Hash::Util - A selection of
19483 general-utility hash subroutines
19493 =item Restricted hashes
19495 B<lock_keys>, B<unlock_keys>
19503 B<lock_value>, B<unlock_value>
19505 B<lock_hash>, B<unlock_hash>
19507 B<lock_hash_recurse>, B<unlock_hash_recurse>
19511 b<legal_keys>, B<hidden_keys>, B<all_keys>, B<hash_seed>
19517 =item Operating on references to hashes.
19519 lock_ref_keys, unlock_ref_keys, lock_ref_keys_plus, lock_ref_value,
19520 unlock_ref_value, lock_hashref, unlock_hashref, lock_hashref_recurse,
19521 unlock_hashref_recurse, hash_ref_unlocked, legal_ref_keys, hidden_ref_keys
19537 =head2 I18N::Collate - compare 8-bit scalar data according to the current
19548 =head2 I18N::LangTags - functions for dealing with RFC3066-style language
19559 the function is_language_tag($lang1)
19561 the function extract_language_tags($whatever)
19563 the function same_language_tag($lang1, $lang2)
19565 the function similarity_language_tag($lang1, $lang2)
19567 the function is_dialect_of($lang1, $lang2)
19569 the function super_languages($lang1)
19571 the function locale2language_tag($locale_identifier)
19573 the function encode_language_tag($lang1)
19575 the function alternate_language_tags($lang1)
19577 the function @langs = panic_languages(@accept_languages)
19579 the function implicate_supers( ...languages... ), the function
19580 implicate_supers_strictly( ...languages... )
19584 =item ABOUT LOWERCASING
19586 =item ABOUT UNICODE PLAINTEXT LANGUAGE TAGS
19596 =head2 I18N::LangTags::Detect - detect the user's language preferences
19616 =head2 I18N::LangTags::List -- tags and names for human languages
19624 =item ABOUT LANGUAGE TAGS
19626 =item LIST OF LANGUAGES
19628 {ab} : Abkhazian, {ace} : Achinese, {ach} : Acoli, {ada} : Adangme, {ady} :
19629 Adyghe, {aa} : Afar, {afh} : Afrihili, {af} : Afrikaans, [{afa} :
19630 Afro-Asiatic (Other)], {ak} : Akan, {akk} : Akkadian, {sq} : Albanian,
19631 {ale} : Aleut, [{alg} : Algonquian languages], [{tut} : Altaic (Other)],
19632 {am} : Amharic, {i-ami} : Ami, [{apa} : Apache languages], {ar} : Arabic,
19633 {arc} : Aramaic, {arp} : Arapaho, {arn} : Araucanian, {arw} : Arawak, {hy}
19634 : Armenian, {an} : Aragonese, [{art} : Artificial (Other)], {ast} :
19635 Asturian, {as} : Assamese, [{ath} : Athapascan languages], [{aus} :
19636 Australian languages], [{map} : Austronesian (Other)], {av} : Avaric, {ae}
19637 : Avestan, {awa} : Awadhi, {ay} : Aymara, {az} : Azerbaijani, {ban} :
19638 Balinese, [{bat} : Baltic (Other)], {bal} : Baluchi, {bm} : Bambara, [{bai}
19639 : Bamileke languages], {bad} : Banda, [{bnt} : Bantu (Other)], {bas} :
19640 Basa, {ba} : Bashkir, {eu} : Basque, {btk} : Batak (Indonesia), {bej} :
19641 Beja, {be} : Belarusian, {bem} : Bemba, {bn} : Bengali, [{ber} : Berber
19642 (Other)], {bho} : Bhojpuri, {bh} : Bihari, {bik} : Bikol, {bin} : Bini,
19643 {bi} : Bislama, {bs} : Bosnian, {bra} : Braj, {br} : Breton, {bug} :
19644 Buginese, {bg} : Bulgarian, {i-bnn} : Bunun, {bua} : Buriat, {my} :
19645 Burmese, {cad} : Caddo, {car} : Carib, {ca} : Catalan, [{cau} : Caucasian
19646 (Other)], {ceb} : Cebuano, [{cel} : Celtic (Other)], [{cai} : Central
19647 American Indian (Other)], {chg} : Chagatai, [{cmc} : Chamic languages],
19648 {ch} : Chamorro, {ce} : Chechen, {chr} : Cherokee, {chy} : Cheyenne, {chb}
19649 : Chibcha, {ny} : Chichewa, {zh} : Chinese, {chn} : Chinook Jargon, {chp} :
19650 Chipewyan, {cho} : Choctaw, {cu} : Church Slavic, {chk} : Chuukese, {cv} :
19651 Chuvash, {cop} : Coptic, {kw} : Cornish, {co} : Corsican, {cr} : Cree,
19652 {mus} : Creek, [{cpe} : English-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{cpf}
19653 : French-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{cpp} : Portuguese-based
19654 Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{crp} : Creoles and pidgins (Other)], {hr} :
19655 Croatian, [{cus} : Cushitic (Other)], {cs} : Czech, {dak} : Dakota, {da} :
19656 Danish, {dar} : Dargwa, {day} : Dayak, {i-default} : Default (Fallthru)
19657 Language, {del} : Delaware, {din} : Dinka, {dv} : Divehi, {doi} : Dogri,
19658 {dgr} : Dogrib, [{dra} : Dravidian (Other)], {dua} : Duala, {nl} : Dutch,
19659 {dum} : Middle Dutch (ca.1050-1350), {dyu} : Dyula, {dz} : Dzongkha, {efi}
19660 : Efik, {egy} : Ancient Egyptian, {eka} : Ekajuk, {elx} : Elamite, {en} :
19661 English, {enm} : Old English (1100-1500), {ang} : Old English
19662 (ca.450-1100), {i-enochian} : Enochian (Artificial), {myv} : Erzya, {eo} :
19663 Esperanto, {et} : Estonian, {ee} : Ewe, {ewo} : Ewondo, {fan} : Fang, {fat}
19664 : Fanti, {fo} : Faroese, {fj} : Fijian, {fi} : Finnish, [{fiu} :
19665 Finno-Ugrian (Other)], {fon} : Fon, {fr} : French, {frm} : Middle French
19666 (ca.1400-1600), {fro} : Old French (842-ca.1400), {fy} : Frisian, {fur} :
19667 Friulian, {ff} : Fulah, {gaa} : Ga, {gd} : Scots Gaelic, {gl} : Gallegan,
19668 {lg} : Ganda, {gay} : Gayo, {gba} : Gbaya, {gez} : Geez, {ka} : Georgian,
19669 {de} : German, {gmh} : Middle High German (ca.1050-1500), {goh} : Old High
19670 German (ca.750-1050), [{gem} : Germanic (Other)], {gil} : Gilbertese, {gon}
19671 : Gondi, {gor} : Gorontalo, {got} : Gothic, {grb} : Grebo, {grc} : Ancient
19672 Greek, {el} : Modern Greek, {gn} : Guarani, {gu} : Gujarati, {gwi} :
19673 Gwich'in, {hai} : Haida, {ht} : Haitian, {ha} : Hausa, {haw} : Hawaiian,
19674 {he} : Hebrew, {hz} : Herero, {hil} : Hiligaynon, {him} : Himachali, {hi} :
19675 Hindi, {ho} : Hiri Motu, {hit} : Hittite, {hmn} : Hmong, {hu} : Hungarian,
19676 {hup} : Hupa, {iba} : Iban, {is} : Icelandic, {io} : Ido, {ig} : Igbo,
19677 {ijo} : Ijo, {ilo} : Iloko, [{inc} : Indic (Other)], [{ine} : Indo-European
19678 (Other)], {id} : Indonesian, {inh} : Ingush, {ia} : Interlingua
19679 (International Auxiliary Language Association), {ie} : Interlingue, {iu} :
19680 Inuktitut, {ik} : Inupiaq, [{ira} : Iranian (Other)], {ga} : Irish, {mga} :
19681 Middle Irish (900-1200), {sga} : Old Irish (to 900), [{iro} : Iroquoian
19682 languages], {it} : Italian, {ja} : Japanese, {jv} : Javanese, {jrb} :
19683 Judeo-Arabic, {jpr} : Judeo-Persian, {kbd} : Kabardian, {kab} : Kabyle,
19684 {kac} : Kachin, {kl} : Kalaallisut, {xal} : Kalmyk, {kam} : Kamba, {kn} :
19685 Kannada, {kr} : Kanuri, {krc} : Karachay-Balkar, {kaa} : Kara-Kalpak, {kar}
19686 : Karen, {ks} : Kashmiri, {csb} : Kashubian, {kaw} : Kawi, {kk} : Kazakh,
19687 {kha} : Khasi, {km} : Khmer, [{khi} : Khoisan (Other)], {kho} : Khotanese,
19688 {ki} : Kikuyu, {kmb} : Kimbundu, {rw} : Kinyarwanda, {ky} : Kirghiz,
19689 {i-klingon} : Klingon, {kv} : Komi, {kg} : Kongo, {kok} : Konkani, {ko} :
19690 Korean, {kos} : Kosraean, {kpe} : Kpelle, {kro} : Kru, {kj} : Kuanyama,
19691 {kum} : Kumyk, {ku} : Kurdish, {kru} : Kurukh, {kut} : Kutenai, {lad} :
19692 Ladino, {lah} : Lahnda, {lam} : Lamba, {lo} : Lao, {la} : Latin, {lv} :
19693 Latvian, {lb} : Letzeburgesch, {lez} : Lezghian, {li} : Limburgish, {ln} :
19694 Lingala, {lt} : Lithuanian, {nds} : Low German, {art-lojban} : Lojban
19695 (Artificial), {loz} : Lozi, {lu} : Luba-Katanga, {lua} : Luba-Lulua, {lui}
19696 : Luiseno, {lun} : Lunda, {luo} : Luo (Kenya and Tanzania), {lus} : Lushai,
19697 {mk} : Macedonian, {mad} : Madurese, {mag} : Magahi, {mai} : Maithili,
19698 {mak} : Makasar, {mg} : Malagasy, {ms} : Malay, {ml} : Malayalam, {mt} :
19699 Maltese, {mnc} : Manchu, {mdr} : Mandar, {man} : Mandingo, {mni} :
19700 Manipuri, [{mno} : Manobo languages], {gv} : Manx, {mi} : Maori, {mr} :
19701 Marathi, {chm} : Mari, {mh} : Marshall, {mwr} : Marwari, {mas} : Masai,
19702 [{myn} : Mayan languages], {men} : Mende, {mic} : Micmac, {min} :
19703 Minangkabau, {i-mingo} : Mingo, [{mis} : Miscellaneous languages], {moh} :
19704 Mohawk, {mdf} : Moksha, {mo} : Moldavian, [{mkh} : Mon-Khmer (Other)],
19705 {lol} : Mongo, {mn} : Mongolian, {mos} : Mossi, [{mul} : Multiple
19706 languages], [{mun} : Munda languages], {nah} : Nahuatl, {nap} : Neapolitan,
19707 {na} : Nauru, {nv} : Navajo, {nd} : North Ndebele, {nr} : South Ndebele,
19708 {ng} : Ndonga, {ne} : Nepali, {new} : Newari, {nia} : Nias, [{nic} :
19709 Niger-Kordofanian (Other)], [{ssa} : Nilo-Saharan (Other)], {niu} : Niuean,
19710 {nog} : Nogai, {non} : Old Norse, [{nai} : North American Indian], {no} :
19711 Norwegian, {nb} : Norwegian Bokmal, {nn} : Norwegian Nynorsk, [{nub} :
19712 Nubian languages], {nym} : Nyamwezi, {nyn} : Nyankole, {nyo} : Nyoro, {nzi}
19713 : Nzima, {oc} : Occitan (post 1500), {oj} : Ojibwa, {or} : Oriya, {om} :
19714 Oromo, {osa} : Osage, {os} : Ossetian; Ossetic, [{oto} : Otomian
19715 languages], {pal} : Pahlavi, {i-pwn} : Paiwan, {pau} : Palauan, {pi} :
19716 Pali, {pam} : Pampanga, {pag} : Pangasinan, {pa} : Panjabi, {pap} :
19717 Papiamento, [{paa} : Papuan (Other)], {fa} : Persian, {peo} : Old Persian
19718 (ca.600-400 B.C.), [{phi} : Philippine (Other)], {phn} : Phoenician, {pon}
19719 : Pohnpeian, {pl} : Polish, {pt} : Portuguese, [{pra} : Prakrit languages],
19720 {pro} : Old Provencal (to 1500), {ps} : Pushto, {qu} : Quechua, {rm} :
19721 Raeto-Romance, {raj} : Rajasthani, {rap} : Rapanui, {rar} : Rarotongan,
19722 [{qaa - qtz} : Reserved for local use.], [{roa} : Romance (Other)], {ro} :
19723 Romanian, {rom} : Romany, {rn} : Rundi, {ru} : Russian, [{sal} : Salishan
19724 languages], {sam} : Samaritan Aramaic, {se} : Northern Sami, {sma} :
19725 Southern Sami, {smn} : Inari Sami, {smj} : Lule Sami, {sms} : Skolt Sami,
19726 [{smi} : Sami languages (Other)], {sm} : Samoan, {sad} : Sandawe, {sg} :
19727 Sango, {sa} : Sanskrit, {sat} : Santali, {sc} : Sardinian, {sas} : Sasak,
19728 {sco} : Scots, {sel} : Selkup, [{sem} : Semitic (Other)], {sr} : Serbian,
19729 {srr} : Serer, {shn} : Shan, {sn} : Shona, {sid} : Sidamo, {sgn-...} : Sign
19730 Languages, {bla} : Siksika, {sd} : Sindhi, {si} : Sinhalese, [{sit} :
19731 Sino-Tibetan (Other)], [{sio} : Siouan languages], {den} : Slave
19732 (Athapascan), [{sla} : Slavic (Other)], {sk} : Slovak, {sl} : Slovenian,
19733 {sog} : Sogdian, {so} : Somali, {son} : Songhai, {snk} : Soninke, {wen} :
19734 Sorbian languages, {nso} : Northern Sotho, {st} : Southern Sotho, [{sai} :
19735 South American Indian (Other)], {es} : Spanish, {suk} : Sukuma, {sux} :
19736 Sumerian, {su} : Sundanese, {sus} : Susu, {sw} : Swahili, {ss} : Swati,
19737 {sv} : Swedish, {syr} : Syriac, {tl} : Tagalog, {ty} : Tahitian, [{tai} :
19738 Tai (Other)], {tg} : Tajik, {tmh} : Tamashek, {ta} : Tamil, {i-tao} : Tao,
19739 {tt} : Tatar, {i-tay} : Tayal, {te} : Telugu, {ter} : Tereno, {tet} :
19740 Tetum, {th} : Thai, {bo} : Tibetan, {tig} : Tigre, {ti} : Tigrinya, {tem} :
19741 Timne, {tiv} : Tiv, {tli} : Tlingit, {tpi} : Tok Pisin, {tkl} : Tokelau,
19742 {tog} : Tonga (Nyasa), {to} : Tonga (Tonga Islands), {tsi} : Tsimshian,
19743 {ts} : Tsonga, {i-tsu} : Tsou, {tn} : Tswana, {tum} : Tumbuka, [{tup} :
19744 Tupi languages], {tr} : Turkish, {ota} : Ottoman Turkish (1500-1928), {crh}
19745 : Crimean Turkish, {tk} : Turkmen, {tvl} : Tuvalu, {tyv} : Tuvinian, {tw} :
19746 Twi, {udm} : Udmurt, {uga} : Ugaritic, {ug} : Uighur, {uk} : Ukrainian,
19747 {umb} : Umbundu, {und} : Undetermined, {ur} : Urdu, {uz} : Uzbek, {vai} :
19748 Vai, {ve} : Venda, {vi} : Vietnamese, {vo} : Volapuk, {vot} : Votic, [{wak}
19749 : Wakashan languages], {wa} : Walloon, {wal} : Walamo, {war} : Waray, {was}
19750 : Washo, {cy} : Welsh, {wo} : Wolof, {x-...} : Unregistered (Semi-Private
19751 Use), {xh} : Xhosa, {sah} : Yakut, {yao} : Yao, {yap} : Yapese, {ii} :
19752 Sichuan Yi, {yi} : Yiddish, {yo} : Yoruba, [{ypk} : Yupik languages], {znd}
19753 : Zande, [{zap} : Zapotec], {zen} : Zenaga, {za} : Zhuang, {zu} : Zulu,
19758 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER
19764 =head2 I18N::Langinfo - query locale information
19782 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
19786 =head2 IO - load various IO modules
19798 =head2 IO::Compress::Base - Base Class for IO::Compress modules
19810 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
19812 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
19816 =head2 IO::Compress::Deflate - Write RFC 1950 files/buffers
19824 DO NOT use in production code, The documentation is incomplete in places,
19825 Parts of the interface defined here are tentative, Please report any
19828 =item Functional Interface
19832 =item deflate $input => $output [, OPTS]
19834 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
19835 FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array
19836 Reference, An Output FileGlob
19840 =item Optional Parameters
19842 AutoClose =E<gt> 0|1, BinModeIn =E<gt> 0|1, -Append =E<gt> 0|1
19854 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
19856 =item Constructor Options
19858 AutoClose =E<gt> 0|1, Append =E<gt> 0|1, A Buffer, A Filename, A
19859 Filehandle, Merge =E<gt> 0|1, -Level, -Strategy, -Strict =E<gt> 0|1
19891 =item input_line_number
19897 =item newStream([OPTS])
19901 =item deflateParams
19907 :all, :constants, :flush, :level, :strategy
19915 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
19917 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
19921 =head2 IO::Compress::Gzip - Write RFC 1952 files/buffers
19929 DO NOT use in production code, The documentation is incomplete in places,
19930 Parts of the interface defined here are tentative, Please report any
19933 =item Functional Interface
19937 =item gzip $input => $output [, OPTS]
19939 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
19940 FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array
19941 Reference, An Output FileGlob
19945 =item Optional Parameters
19947 AutoClose =E<gt> 0|1, BinModeIn =E<gt> 0|1, -Append =E<gt> 0|1
19959 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
19961 =item Constructor Options
19963 AutoClose =E<gt> 0|1, Append =E<gt> 0|1, A Buffer, A Filename, A
19964 Filehandle, Merge =E<gt> 0|1, -Level, -Strategy, -Minimal =E<gt> 0|1,
19965 -Comment =E<gt> $comment, -Name =E<gt> $string, -Time =E<gt> $number,
19966 -TextFlag =E<gt> 0|1, -HeaderCRC =E<gt> 0|1, -OS_Code =E<gt> $value,
19967 -ExtraField =E<gt> $data, -ExtraFlags =E<gt> $value, -Strict =E<gt> 0|1
19999 =item input_line_number
20005 =item newStream([OPTS])
20009 =item deflateParams
20015 :all, :constants, :flush, :level, :strategy
20023 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
20025 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
20029 =head2 IO::Compress::RawDeflate - Write RFC 1951 files/buffers
20037 DO NOT use in production code, The documentation is incomplete in places,
20038 Parts of the interface defined here are tentative, Please report any
20041 =item Functional Interface
20045 =item rawdeflate $input => $output [, OPTS]
20047 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
20048 FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array
20049 Reference, An Output FileGlob
20053 =item Optional Parameters
20055 AutoClose =E<gt> 0|1, BinModeIn =E<gt> 0|1, -Append =E<gt> 0|1
20067 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
20069 =item Constructor Options
20071 AutoClose =E<gt> 0|1, Append =E<gt> 0|1, A Buffer, A Filename, A
20072 Filehandle, Merge =E<gt> 0|1, -Level, -Strategy, -Strict =E<gt> 0|1
20104 =item input_line_number
20110 =item newStream([OPTS])
20114 =item deflateParams
20120 :all, :constants, :flush, :level, :strategy
20128 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
20130 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
20134 =head2 IO::Compress::Zip - Write zip files/buffers
20142 DO NOT use in production code, The documentation is incomplete in places,
20143 Parts of the interface defined here are tentative, Please report any
20146 =item Functional Interface
20150 =item zip $input => $output [, OPTS]
20152 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
20153 FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array
20154 Reference, An Output FileGlob
20158 =item Optional Parameters
20160 AutoClose =E<gt> 0|1, BinModeIn =E<gt> 0|1, -Append =E<gt> 0|1
20172 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
20174 =item Constructor Options
20176 AutoClose =E<gt> 0|1, Append =E<gt> 0|1, A Buffer, A Filename, A
20177 Filehandle, -Name =E<gt> $string, -Time =E<gt> $number, -exTime =E<gt>
20178 [$atime, $mtime, $ctime], -Comment =E<gt> $comment, -ZipComment =E<gt>
20179 $comment, Method =E<gt> $method, Stream =E<gt> 0|1, -TextFlag =E<gt> 0|1,
20180 ExtraFieldLocal =E<gt> $data =item ExtraFieldCentral =E<gt> $data, Minimal
20181 =E<gt> 1|0, BlockSize100K =E<gt> number, WorkFactor =E<gt> number, -Level,
20182 -Strategy, -Strict =E<gt> 0|1
20214 =item input_line_number
20220 =item newStream([OPTS])
20224 =item deflateParams
20230 :all, :constants, :flush, :level, :strategy, :zip_method
20238 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
20240 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
20244 =head2 IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory handles
20252 new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (),
20253 rewind (), close (), tie %hash, 'IO::Dir', DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ]
20263 =head2 IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles
20273 new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile
20277 open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), open( FILENAME, IOLAYERS ), binmode(
20288 =head2 IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O handles
20298 new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE )
20302 $io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines,
20303 $io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ), $io->error,
20304 $io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush ( ARGS ),
20305 $io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint
20317 =head2 IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes
20327 new ( [READER, WRITER] )
20331 reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles ()
20341 =head2 IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call
20351 mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ), remove (
20352 IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] )
20362 =head2 IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for I/O objects
20370 $io->getpos, $io->setpos, $io->seek ( POS, WHENCE ), WHENCE=0 (SEEK_SET),
20371 WHENCE=1 (SEEK_CUR), WHENCE=2 (SEEK_END), $io->sysseek( POS, WHENCE ),
20380 =head2 IO::Select - OO interface to the select system call
20390 new ( [ HANDLES ] )
20394 add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read (
20395 [ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ),
20396 count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, EXCEPTION [, TIMEOUT ] )
20406 =head2 IO::Socket - Object interface to socket communications
20420 accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), atmark, connected,
20421 protocol, sockdomain, sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), socktype, timeout([VAL])
20431 =head2 IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for AF_INET domain sockets
20447 sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost
20460 =head2 IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for AF_UNIX domain sockets
20474 hostpath(), peerpath()
20484 =head2 IO::Uncompress::AnyInflate - Uncompress zlib-based (zip, gzip)
20493 DO NOT use in production code, The documentation is incomplete in places,
20494 Parts of the interface defined here are tentative, Please report any
20495 problems you find, RFC 1950, RFC 1951, gzip (RFC 1952), zip
20497 =item Functional Interface
20501 =item anyinflate $input => $output [, OPTS]
20503 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
20504 FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array
20505 Reference, An Output FileGlob
20509 =item Optional Parameters
20511 AutoClose =E<gt> 0|1, BinModeOut =E<gt> 0|1, -Append =E<gt> 0|1,
20512 -MultiStream =E<gt> 0|1
20524 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
20526 =item Constructor Options
20528 -AutoClose =E<gt> 0|1, -MultiStream =E<gt> 0|1, -Prime =E<gt> $string,
20529 -Transparent =E<gt> 0|1, -BlockSize =E<gt> $num, -InputLength =E<gt> $size,
20530 -Append =E<gt> 0|1, -Strict =E<gt> 0|1, -ParseExtra =E<gt> 0|1
20552 =item getHeaderInfo
20566 =item input_line_number
20584 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
20586 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
20590 =head2 IO::Uncompress::AnyUncompress - Uncompress gzip, zip, bzip2 or lzop
20599 DO NOT use in production code, The documentation is incomplete in places,
20600 Parts of the interface defined here are tentative, Please report any
20601 problems you find, RFC 1950, RFC 1951, gzip (RFC 1952), zip, bzip2, lzop
20603 =item Functional Interface
20607 =item anyuncompress $input => $output [, OPTS]
20609 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
20610 FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array
20611 Reference, An Output FileGlob
20615 =item Optional Parameters
20617 AutoClose =E<gt> 0|1, BinModeOut =E<gt> 0|1, -Append =E<gt> 0|1,
20618 -MultiStream =E<gt> 0|1
20630 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
20632 =item Constructor Options
20634 -AutoClose =E<gt> 0|1, -MultiStream =E<gt> 0|1, -Prime =E<gt> $string,
20635 -Transparent =E<gt> 0|1, -BlockSize =E<gt> $num, -InputLength =E<gt> $size,
20636 -Append =E<gt> 0|1, -Strict =E<gt> 0|1
20656 =item getHeaderInfo
20670 =item input_line_number
20688 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
20690 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
20694 =head2 IO::Uncompress::Base - Base Class for IO::Uncompress modules
20706 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
20708 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
20712 =head2 IO::Uncompress::Gunzip - Read RFC 1952 files/buffers
20720 DO NOT use in production code, The documentation is incomplete in places,
20721 Parts of the interface defined here are tentative, Please report any
20724 =item Functional Interface
20728 =item gunzip $input => $output [, OPTS]
20730 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
20731 FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array
20732 Reference, An Output FileGlob
20736 =item Optional Parameters
20738 AutoClose =E<gt> 0|1, BinModeOut =E<gt> 0|1, -Append =E<gt> 0|1,
20739 -MultiStream =E<gt> 0|1
20751 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
20753 =item Constructor Options
20755 -AutoClose =E<gt> 0|1, -MultiStream =E<gt> 0|1, -Prime =E<gt> $string,
20756 -Transparent =E<gt> 0|1, -BlockSize =E<gt> $num, -InputLength =E<gt> $size,
20757 -Append =E<gt> 0|1, -Strict =E<gt> 0|1, -ParseExtra =E<gt> 0|1
20779 =item getHeaderInfo
20795 =item input_line_number
20813 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
20815 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
20819 =head2 IO::Uncompress::Inflate - Read RFC 1950 files/buffers
20827 DO NOT use in production code, The documentation is incomplete in places,
20828 Parts of the interface defined here are tentative, Please report any
20831 =item Functional Interface
20835 =item inflate $input => $output [, OPTS]
20837 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
20838 FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array
20839 Reference, An Output FileGlob
20843 =item Optional Parameters
20845 AutoClose =E<gt> 0|1, BinModeOut =E<gt> 0|1, -Append =E<gt> 0|1,
20846 -MultiStream =E<gt> 0|1
20858 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
20860 =item Constructor Options
20862 -AutoClose =E<gt> 0|1, -MultiStream =E<gt> 0|1, -Prime =E<gt> $string,
20863 -Transparent =E<gt> 0|1, -BlockSize =E<gt> $num, -InputLength =E<gt> $size,
20864 -Append =E<gt> 0|1, -Strict =E<gt> 0|1
20886 =item getHeaderInfo
20900 =item input_line_number
20918 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
20920 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
20924 =head2 IO::Uncompress::RawInflate - Read RFC 1951 files/buffers
20932 DO NOT use in production code, The documentation is incomplete in places,
20933 Parts of the interface defined here are tentative, Please report any
20936 =item Functional Interface
20940 =item rawinflate $input => $output [, OPTS]
20942 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
20943 FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array
20944 Reference, An Output FileGlob
20948 =item Optional Parameters
20950 AutoClose =E<gt> 0|1, BinModeOut =E<gt> 0|1, -Append =E<gt> 0|1,
20951 -MultiStream =E<gt> 0|1
20963 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
20965 =item Constructor Options
20967 -AutoClose =E<gt> 0|1, -MultiStream =E<gt> 0|1, -Prime =E<gt> $string,
20968 -Transparent =E<gt> 0|1, -BlockSize =E<gt> $num, -InputLength =E<gt> $size,
20969 -Append =E<gt> 0|1, -Strict =E<gt> 0|1
20991 =item getHeaderInfo
21005 =item input_line_number
21023 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
21025 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
21029 =head2 IO::Uncompress::Unzip - Read zip files/buffers
21037 DO NOT use in production code, The documentation is incomplete in places,
21038 Parts of the interface defined here are tentative, Please report any
21041 =item Functional Interface
21045 =item unzip $input => $output [, OPTS]
21047 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
21048 FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array
21049 Reference, An Output FileGlob
21053 =item Optional Parameters
21055 AutoClose =E<gt> 0|1, BinModeOut =E<gt> 0|1, -Append =E<gt> 0|1,
21056 -MultiStream =E<gt> 0|1
21068 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
21070 =item Constructor Options
21072 -AutoClose =E<gt> 0|1, -MultiStream =E<gt> 0|1, -Prime =E<gt> $string,
21073 -Transparent =E<gt> 0|1, -BlockSize =E<gt> $num, -InputLength =E<gt> $size,
21074 -Append =E<gt> 0|1, -Strict =E<gt> 0|1
21096 =item getHeaderInfo
21110 =item input_line_number
21128 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
21130 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
21134 =head2 IO::Zlib - IO:: style interface to L<Compress::Zlib>
21146 =item OBJECT METHODS
21148 open ( FILENAME, MODE ), opened, close, getc, getline, getlines, print (
21149 ARGS... ), read ( BUF, NBYTES, [OFFSET] ), eof, seek ( OFFSET, WHENCE ),
21150 tell, setpos ( POS ), getpos ( POS )
21152 =item USING THE EXTERNAL GZIP
21154 =item CLASS METHODS
21156 has_Compress_Zlib, gzip_external, gzip_used, gzip_read_open,
21161 IO::Zlib::getlines: must be called in list context,
21162 IO::Zlib::gzopen_external: mode '...' is illegal, IO::Zlib::import: '...'
21163 is illegal, IO::Zlib::import: ':gzip_external' requires an argument,
21164 IO::Zlib::import: 'gzip_read_open' requires an argument, IO::Zlib::import:
21165 'gzip_read' '...' is illegal, IO::Zlib::import: 'gzip_write_open' requires
21166 an argument, IO::Zlib::import: 'gzip_write_open' '...' is illegal,
21167 IO::Zlib::import: no Compress::Zlib and no external gzip, IO::Zlib::open:
21168 needs a filename, IO::Zlib::READ: NBYTES must be specified, IO::Zlib::READ:
21169 OFFSET is not supported, IO::Zlib::WRITE: too long LENGTH, IO::Zlib::WRITE:
21170 OFFSET is not supported
21180 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Dir, IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory
21189 new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (),
21190 rewind (), close (), tie %hash, 'IO::Dir', DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ]
21200 =head2 IO::lib::IO::File, IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles
21210 new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile
21214 open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), open( FILENAME, IOLAYERS ), binmode(
21225 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Handle, IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O
21236 new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE )
21240 $io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines,
21241 $io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ), $io->error,
21242 $io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush ( ARGS ),
21243 $io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint
21255 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Pipe, IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes
21265 new ( [READER, WRITER] )
21269 reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles ()
21279 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Poll, IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call
21289 mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ), remove (
21290 IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] )
21300 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Seekable, IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for
21309 $io->getpos, $io->setpos, $io->seek ( POS, WHENCE ), WHENCE=0 (SEEK_SET),
21310 WHENCE=1 (SEEK_CUR), WHENCE=2 (SEEK_END), $io->sysseek( POS, WHENCE ),
21319 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Select, IO::Select - OO interface to the select system
21330 new ( [ HANDLES ] )
21334 add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read (
21335 [ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ),
21336 count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, EXCEPTION [, TIMEOUT ] )
21346 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket, IO::Socket - Object interface to socket
21361 accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), atmark, connected,
21362 protocol, sockdomain, sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), socktype, timeout([VAL])
21372 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket::INET, IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for
21373 AF_INET domain sockets
21389 sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost
21402 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket::UNIX, IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for
21403 AF_UNIX domain sockets
21417 hostpath(), peerpath()
21427 =head2 IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class
21437 new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set
21438 ( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [,
21449 =head2 IPC::Open2, open2 - open a process for both reading and writing
21463 =head2 IPC::Open3, open3 - open a process for reading, writing, and error
21474 L<IPC::Open2>, L<IPC::Run>
21480 =head2 IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object class
21490 new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ),
21491 getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ),
21492 set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N
21503 =head2 IPC::SysV - SysV IPC constants
21521 =head2 IPC::SysV::Msg, IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class
21531 new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set
21532 ( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [,
21543 =head2 IPC::SysV::Semaphore, IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object
21554 new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ),
21555 getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ),
21556 set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N
21567 =head2 List::Util - A selection of general-utility list subroutines
21575 first BLOCK LIST, max LIST, maxstr LIST, min LIST, minstr LIST, reduce
21576 BLOCK LIST, shuffle LIST, sum LIST
21580 =item SUGGESTED ADDITIONS
21586 =head2 List::Utilib::List::Util, List::Util - A selection of
21587 general-utility list subroutines
21595 first BLOCK LIST, max LIST, maxstr LIST, min LIST, minstr LIST, reduce
21596 BLOCK LIST, shuffle LIST, sum LIST
21600 =item SUGGESTED ADDITIONS
21606 =head2 List::Utilib::Scalar::Util, Scalar::Util - A selection of
21607 general-utility scalar subroutines
21615 blessed EXPR, dualvar NUM, STRING, isvstring EXPR, isweak EXPR,
21616 looks_like_number EXPR, openhandle FH, refaddr EXPR, reftype EXPR,
21617 set_prototype CODEREF, PROTOTYPE, tainted EXPR, weaken REF
21627 =head2 Locale::Constants - constants for Locale codes
21635 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
21639 Locale::Language, Locale::Country, Locale::Script, Locale::Currency
21647 =head2 Locale::Country - ISO codes for country identification (ISO 3166)
21655 B<alpha-2>, B<alpha-3>, B<numeric>
21657 =item CONVERSION ROUTINES
21659 code2country( CODE, [ CODESET ] ), country2code( STRING, [ CODESET ] ),
21660 country_code2code( CODE, CODESET, CODESET )
21662 =item QUERY ROUTINES
21664 C<all_country_codes( [ CODESET ] )>, C<all_country_names( [ CODESET ] )>
21666 =item SEMI-PRIVATE ROUTINES
21672 =item rename_country
21680 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
21684 Locale::Language, Locale::Script, Locale::Currency, Locale::SubCountry, ISO
21685 3166-1, http://www.iso.org/iso/en/prods-services/iso3166ma/index.html,
21686 http://www.egt.ie/standards/iso3166/iso3166-1-en.html,
21687 http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/docs/app-d-1.html
21695 =head2 Locale::Currency - ISO three letter codes for currency
21696 identification (ISO 4217)
21706 =item CONVERSION ROUTINES
21708 code2currency(), currency2code()
21710 =item QUERY ROUTINES
21712 C<all_currency_codes()>, C<all_currency_names()>
21716 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
21720 Locale::Country, Locale::Script, ISO 4217:1995,
21721 http://www.bsi-global.com/iso4217currency
21729 =head2 Locale::Language - ISO two letter codes for language identification
21738 =item CONVERSION ROUTINES
21740 code2language(), language2code()
21742 =item QUERY ROUTINES
21744 C<all_language_codes()>, C<all_language_names()>
21748 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
21752 Locale::Country, Locale::Script, Locale::Currency, ISO 639:1988 (E/F),
21753 http://lcweb.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/langhome.html
21761 =head2 Locale::Maketext - framework for localization
21769 =item QUICK OVERVIEW
21775 =item Construction Methods
21777 =item The "maketext" Method
21779 $lh->fail_with I<or> $lh->fail_with(I<PARAM>), $lh->failure_handler_auto
21781 =item Utility Methods
21783 $language->quant($number, $singular), $language->quant($number, $singular,
21784 $plural), $language->quant($number, $singular, $plural, $negative),
21785 $language->numf($number), $language->sprintf($format, @items),
21786 $language->language_tag(), $language->encoding()
21788 =item Language Handle Attributes and Internals
21792 =item LANGUAGE CLASS HIERARCHIES
21794 =item ENTRIES IN EACH LEXICON
21796 =item BRACKET NOTATION
21798 =item AUTO LEXICONS
21800 =item CONTROLLING LOOKUP FAILURE
21802 =item HOW TO USE MAKETEXT
21806 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER
21812 =head2 Locale::Maketext::TPJ13 -- article about software localization
21820 =item Localization and Perl: gettext breaks, Maketext fixes
21824 =item A Localization Horror Story: It Could Happen To You
21826 =item The Linguistic View
21828 =item Breaking gettext
21830 =item Replacing gettext
21832 =item Buzzwords: Abstraction and Encapsulation
21834 =item Buzzword: Isomorphism
21836 =item Buzzword: Inheritance
21838 =item Buzzword: Concision
21840 =item The Devil in the Details
21842 =item The Proof in the Pudding: Localizing Web Sites
21850 =head2 Locale::Script - ISO codes for script identification (ISO 15924)
21858 B<alpha-2>, B<alpha-3>, B<numeric>
21862 =item SPECIAL CODES
21866 =item CONVERSION ROUTINES
21868 code2script( CODE, [ CODESET ] ), script2code( STRING, [ CODESET ] ),
21869 script_code2code( CODE, CODESET, CODESET )
21871 =item QUERY ROUTINES
21873 C<all_script_codes ( [ CODESET ] )>, C<all_script_names ( [ CODESET ] )>
21877 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
21881 Locale::Language, Locale::Currency, Locale::Country, ISO 15924,
21882 http://www.evertype.com/standards/iso15924/
21890 =head2 MIME::Base64 - Encoding and decoding of base64 strings
21898 encode_base64($str), encode_base64($str, $eol);, decode_base64($str)
21902 Premature end of base64 data, Premature padding of base64 data, Wide
21903 character in subroutine entry
21913 =head2 MIME::Base64::QuotedPrint, MIME::QuotedPrint - Encoding and decoding
21914 of quoted-printable strings
21922 encode_qp($str), encode_qp($str, $eol), encode_qp($str, $eol, $binmode),
21931 =head2 MIME::QuotedPrint - Encoding and decoding of quoted-printable
21940 encode_qp($str), encode_qp($str, $eol), encode_qp($str, $eol, $binmode),
21949 =head2 Math::BigFloat - Arbitrary size floating point math package
21959 =item Canonical notation
21963 =item C<mantissa()>, C<exponent()> and C<parts()>
21965 =item Accuracy vs. Precision
21969 ffround ( +$scale ), ffround ( -$scale ), ffround ( 0 ), fround ( +$scale
21970 ), fround ( -$scale ) and fround ( 0 )
21984 =item Autocreating constants
21990 =item Using Math::BigInt::Lite
21998 stringify, bstr(), bdiv, Modifying and =, bpow, precision() vs. accuracy()
22008 =head2 Math::BigInt - Arbitrary size integer/float math package
22040 =item is_one()/is_zero()/is_nan()/is_inf()
22042 =item is_pos()/is_neg()
22044 $x->is_pos(); # true if > 0
22045 $x->is_neg(); # true if < 0
22047 =item is_odd()/is_even()/is_int()
22133 =item ACCURACY and PRECISION
22143 =item Rounding mode R
22145 'trunc', 'even', 'odd', '+inf', '-inf', 'zero', Precision, Accuracy
22146 (significant digits), Setting/Accessing, Creating numbers, Usage,
22147 Precedence, Overriding globals, Local settings, Rounding, Default values,
22152 =item Infinity and Not a Number
22154 oct()/hex(), log(-inf), exp(), cos(), sin(), atan2()
22164 =item mantissa(), exponent() and parts()
22172 =item Autocreating constants
22178 =item Alternative math libraries
22184 =item Subclassing Math::BigInt
22192 bsqrt(), div(), blog()
22198 broot() does not work, Out of Memory!, Fails to load Calc on Perl prior
22203 bstr(), bsstr() and 'cmp', int(), length, bdiv, infinity handling,
22204 Modifying and =, bpow, Overloading -$x, Mixing different object types,
22215 =head2 Math::BigInt::Calc - Pure Perl module to support Math::BigInt
22227 =item WRAP YOUR OWN
22231 This program is free software; you may redistribute it and/or modify it
22233 the same terms as Perl itself.
22241 =head2 Math::BigInt::CalcEmu - Emulate low-level math with BigInt code
22263 This program is free software; you may redistribute it and/or modify it
22265 the same terms as Perl itself.
22273 =head2 Math::BigInt::FastCalc - Math::BigInt::Calc with some XS for more
22288 This program is free software; you may redistribute it and/or modify it
22290 the same terms as Perl itself.
22298 =head2 Math::BigRat - Arbitrary big rational numbers
22320 =item denominator()
22322 $d = $x->denominator();
22336 =item bround()/round()/bfround()
22370 inf handling (partial), NaN handling (partial), rounding (not implemented
22371 except for bceil/bfloor), $x ** $y where $y is not an integer, bmod(),
22372 blog(), bmodinv() and bmodpow() (partial)
22382 =head2 Math::Complex - complex numbers and associated mathematical
22399 =item CHANGED IN PERL 5.6
22405 =item ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO OR LOGARITHM OF ZERO
22407 =item ERRORS DUE TO INDIGESTIBLE ARGUMENTS
22415 =head2 Math::Trig - trigonometric functions
22423 =item TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS
22429 =item ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO
22431 =item SIMPLE (REAL) ARGUMENTS, COMPLEX RESULTS
22435 =item PLANE ANGLE CONVERSIONS
22437 =item RADIAL COORDINATE CONVERSIONS
22441 =item COORDINATE SYSTEMS
22443 =item 3-D ANGLE CONVERSIONS
22445 cartesian_to_cylindrical, cartesian_to_spherical, cylindrical_to_cartesian,
22446 cylindrical_to_spherical, spherical_to_cartesian, spherical_to_cylindrical
22450 =item GREAT CIRCLE DISTANCES AND DIRECTIONS
22456 =item CAVEAT FOR GREAT CIRCLE FORMULAS
22466 =head2 Memoize - Make functions faster by trading space for time
22484 =item C<SCALAR_CACHE>, C<LIST_CACHE>
22486 C<MEMORY>, C<HASH>, C<TIE>, C<FAULT>, C<MERGE>
22490 =item OTHER FACILITIES
22496 =item C<flush_cache>
22502 =item PERSISTENT CACHE SUPPORT
22504 =item EXPIRATION SUPPORT
22512 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
22518 =head2 Memoize::AnyDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for AnyDBM_File for
22527 =head2 Memoize::Expire - Plug-in module for automatic expiration of
22538 TIEHASH, EXISTS, STORE
22550 =head2 Memoize::ExpireFile - test for Memoize expiration semantics
22558 =head2 Memoize::ExpireTest - test for Memoize expiration semantics
22566 =head2 Memoize::NDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for NDBM_File for
22575 =head2 Memoize::SDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for SDBM_File for
22584 =head2 Memoize::Storable - store Memoized data in Storable database
22592 =head2 Module::Build - Build and install Perl modules
22600 =item GUIDE TO DOCUMENTATION
22602 General Usage (L<Module::Build>), Authoring Reference
22603 (L<Module::Build::Authoring>), API Reference (L<Module::Build::API>),
22604 Cookbook (L<Module::Build::Cookbook>)
22608 build, clean, code, config_data, diff, dist, distcheck, distclean, distdir,
22609 distmeta, distsign, disttest, docs, fakeinstall, help, html, install,
22610 manifest, manpages, ppd, ppmdist, prereq_report, pure_install, realclean,
22611 skipcheck, test, testcover, testdb, testpod, testpodcoverage,
22618 =item Command Line Options
22620 quiet, use_rcfile, verbose
22622 =item Default Options File (F<.modulebuildrc>)
22626 =item INSTALL PATHS
22628 lib, arch, script, bin, bindoc, libdoc, binhtml, libhtml, installdirs,
22629 install_path, install_base, destdir
22633 =item About PREFIX Support
22635 Why PREFIX is not recommended, Alternatives to PREFIX
22653 =head2 Module::Build::API - API Reference for Module Authors
22663 current(), new(), add_to_cleanup, auto_features, autosplit, build_class,
22664 build_requires, create_packlist, c_source, conflicts, create_makefile_pl,
22665 create_readme, dist_abstract, dist_author, dist_name, dist_version,
22666 dist_version_from, dynamic_config, extra_compiler_flags,
22667 extra_linker_flags, get_options, type, store, default, include_dirs,
22668 install_path, installdirs, license, apache, artistic, bsd, gpl, lgpl, mit,
22669 mozilla, open_source, perl, restrictive, unrestricted, meta_add,
22670 meta_merge, module_name, PL_files, pm_files, pod_files, recommends,
22671 recursive_test_files, requires, script_files, sign, test_files, xs_files,
22672 new_from_context(%args), resume(), subclass()
22676 add_build_element($type), add_to_cleanup(@files), args(),
22677 autosplit_file($from, $to), base_dir(), build_requires(),
22678 check_installed_status($module, $version), check_installed_version($module,
22679 $version), compare_versions($v1, $op, $v2), config(), config_data($name),
22680 config_data($name => $value), conflicts(), contains_pod($file),
22681 copy_if_modified(%parameters), create_build_script(), current_action(),
22682 depends_on(@actions), dir_contains($first_dir, $second_dir),
22683 dispatch($action, %args), dist_dir(), dist_name(), dist_version(),
22684 do_system($cmd, @args), feature($name), feature($name => $value),
22685 have_c_compiler(), install_base_relpaths(), install_base_relpaths($type),
22686 install_base_relpaths($type => $path), install_destination($type),
22687 install_path(), install_path($type), install_path($type => $path),
22688 install_types(), invoked_action(), notes(), notes($key), notes($key =>
22689 $value), orig_dir(), os_type(), prefix_relpaths(),
22690 prefix_relpaths($installdirs), prefix_relpaths($installdirs, $type),
22691 prefix_relpaths($installdirs, $type => $path), prepare_metadata(),
22692 prereq_failures(), prereq_report(), prompt($message, $default),
22693 recommends(), requires(), rscan_dir($dir, $pattern), runtime_params(),
22694 runtime_params($key), script_files(), up_to_date($source_file,
22695 $derived_file), up_to_date(\@source_files, \@derived_files), y_n($message,
22698 =item Autogenerated Accessors
22700 PL_files(), autosplit(), base_dir(), bindoc_dirs(), blib(), build_bat(),
22701 build_class(), build_elements(), build_requires(), build_script(),
22702 c_source(), config(), config_dir(), conflicts(), create_makefile_pl(),
22703 create_packlist(), create_readme(), debugger(), destdir(), get_options(),
22704 html_css(), include_dirs(), install_base(), install_sets(), installdirs(),
22705 libdoc_dirs(), license(), magic_number(), mb_version(), meta_add(),
22706 meta_merge(), metafile(), module_name(), orig_dir(), original_prefix(),
22707 perl(), pm_files(), pod_files(), pollute(), prefix(),
22708 prereq_action_types(), quiet(), recommends(), recurse_into(),
22709 recursive_test_files(), requires(), scripts(), use_rcfile(), verbose(),
22722 =head2 Module::Build::Authoring - Authoring Module::Build modules
22732 =item PREREQUISITES
22736 =item Format of prerequisites
22740 =item SAVING CONFIGURATION INFORMATION
22742 =item STARTING MODULE DEVELOPMENT
22754 =head2 Module::Build::Base - Default methods for Module::Build
22770 =head2 Module::Build::Compat - Compatibility with ExtUtils::MakeMaker
22780 create_makefile_pl($style, $build), small, passthrough, traditional,
22781 run_build_pl(args => \@ARGV), args, script, write_makefile(), makefile
22793 =head2 Module::Build::ConfigData - Configuration for Module::Build
22803 config($name), feature($name), set_config($name, $value),
22804 set_feature($name, $value), config_names(), feature_names(),
22805 auto_feature_names(), write()
22811 =head2 Module::Build::Cookbook - Examples of Module::Build Usage
22817 =item BASIC RECIPES
22821 =item The basic installation recipe for modules that use Module::Build
22823 =item Making a CPAN.pm-compatible distribution
22825 =item Installing modules using the programmatic interface
22827 =item Installing to a temporary directory
22829 =item Installing to a non-standard directory
22831 =item Running a single test file
22835 =item ADVANCED RECIPES
22839 =item Changing the order of the build process
22841 =item Adding new file types to the build process
22843 =item Adding new elements to the install process
22847 =item EXAMPLES ON CPAN
22851 =item SVN-Notify-Mirror
22853 1. Using C<auto_features>, I check to see whether two optional modules are
22854 available - SVN::Notify::Config and Net::SSH;, 2. If the S::N::Config
22855 module is loaded, I automatically generate testfiles for it during Build
22856 (using the C<PL_files> property), 3. If the C<ssh_feature> is available, I
22857 ask if the user wishes to perform the ssh tests (since it requires a little
22858 preliminary setup);, 4. Only if the user has C<ssh_feature> and answers yes
22859 to the testing, do I generate a test file
22861 =item Modifying an action
22873 =head2 Module::Build::ModuleInfo, ModuleInfo - Gather package and POD
22874 information from a perl module files
22880 new_from_file($filename, collect_pod => 1), new_from_module($module,
22881 collect_pod => 1, inc => \@dirs), name(), version($package), filename(),
22882 packages_inside(), pod_inside(), contains_pod(), pod($section),
22883 find_module_by_name($module, \@dirs), find_module_dir_by_name($module,
22894 =head2 Module::Build::Notes, $notes_name - Configuration for $module_name
22904 config(\$name), feature(\$name), set_config(\$name, \$value),
22905 set_feature(\$name, \$value), config_names(), feature_names(),
22906 auto_feature_names(), write()
22912 =head2 Module::Build::PPMMaker - Perl Package Manager file creation
22928 =head2 Module::Build::Platform::Amiga - Builder class for Amiga platforms
22940 =head2 Module::Build::Platform::Default - Stub class for unknown platforms
22952 =head2 Module::Build::Platform::EBCDIC - Builder class for EBCDIC platforms
22964 =head2 Module::Build::Platform::MPEiX - Builder class for MPEiX platforms
22976 =head2 Module::Build::Platform::MacOS - Builder class for MacOS platforms
22984 =item Overriden Methods
22986 new(), make_executable(), dispatch(), ACTION_realclean()
22996 =head2 Module::Build::Platform::RiscOS - Builder class for RiscOS platforms
23008 =head2 Module::Build::Platform::Unix - Builder class for Unix platforms
23020 =head2 Module::Build::Platform::VMS - Builder class for VMS platforms
23028 =item Overridden Methods
23050 =head2 Module::Build::Platform::VOS - Builder class for VOS platforms
23062 =head2 Module::Build::Platform::Windows - Builder class for Windows
23075 =head2 Module::Build::Platform::aix - Builder class for AIX platform
23087 =head2 Module::Build::Platform::cygwin - Builder class for Cygwin platform
23099 =head2 Module::Build::Platform::darwin - Builder class for Mac OS X
23112 =head2 Module::Build::Platform::os2 - Builder class for OS/2 platform
23124 =head2 Module::Build::YAML - Provides just enough YAML support so that
23125 Module::Build works even if YAML.pm is not installed
23139 =head2 Module::CoreList - what modules shipped with versions of perl
23159 =head2 NDBM_File - Tied access to ndbm files
23167 C<O_RDONLY>, C<O_WRONLY>, C<O_RDWR>
23173 =item C<ndbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...>
23177 =item BUGS AND WARNINGS
23181 =head2 NEXT - Provide a pseudo-class NEXT (et al) that allows method
23192 =item Enforcing redispatch
23194 =item Avoiding repetitions
23196 =item Invoking all versions of a method with a single call
23198 =item Using C<EVERY> methods
23204 =item BUGS AND IRRITATIONS
23210 =head2 Net::Cmd - Network Command class (as used by FTP, SMTP etc)
23220 debug ( VALUE ), message (), code (), ok (), status (), datasend ( DATA ),
23223 =item CLASS METHODS
23225 debug_print ( DIR, TEXT ), debug_text ( TEXT ), command ( CMD [, ARGS, ...
23226 ]), unsupported (), response (), parse_response ( TEXT ), getline (),
23227 ungetline ( TEXT ), rawdatasend ( DATA ), read_until_dot (), tied_fh ()
23237 =head2 Net::Config - Local configuration data for libnet
23247 requires_firewall HOST
23249 =item NetConfig VALUES
23251 nntp_hosts, snpp_hosts, pop3_hosts, smtp_hosts, ph_hosts, daytime_hosts,
23252 time_hosts, inet_domain, ftp_firewall, ftp_firewall_type, ftp_ext_passive,
23253 ftp_int_passive, local_netmask, test_hosts, test_exists
23257 =head2 Net::Domain - Attempt to evaluate the current host's internet name
23266 hostfqdn (), domainname (), hostname (), hostdomain ()
23274 =head2 Net::FTP - FTP Client class
23286 new ([ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ])
23290 login ([LOGIN [,PASSWORD [, ACCOUNT] ] ]), authorize ( [AUTH [, RESP]]),
23291 site (ARGS), ascii, binary, rename ( OLDNAME, NEWNAME ), delete ( FILENAME
23292 ), cwd ( [ DIR ] ), cdup (), pwd (), restart ( WHERE ), rmdir ( DIR [,
23293 RECURSE ]), mkdir ( DIR [, RECURSE ]), alloc ( SIZE [, RECORD_SIZE] ), ls (
23294 [ DIR ] ), dir ( [ DIR ] ), get ( REMOTE_FILE [, LOCAL_FILE [, WHERE]] ),
23295 put ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] ), put_unique ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE
23296 ] ), append ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] ), unique_name (), mdtm ( FILE ),
23297 size ( FILE ), supported ( CMD ), hash ( [FILEHANDLE_GLOB_REF],[
23298 BYTES_PER_HASH_MARK] ), nlst ( [ DIR ] ), list ( [ DIR ] ), retr ( FILE ),
23299 stor ( FILE ), stou ( FILE ), appe ( FILE ), port ( [ PORT ] ), pasv (),
23300 pasv_xfer ( SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER [, DEST_FILE ] ), pasv_xfer_unique (
23301 SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER [, DEST_FILE ] ), pasv_wait ( NON_PASV_SERVER ),
23306 =item Methods for the adventurous
23312 =item THE dataconn CLASS
23314 read ( BUFFER, SIZE [, TIMEOUT ] ), write ( BUFFER, SIZE [, TIMEOUT ] ),
23315 bytes_read (), abort (), close ()
23317 =item UNIMPLEMENTED
23319 B<SMNT>, B<HELP>, B<MODE>, B<SYST>, B<STAT>, B<STRU>, B<REIN>
23321 =item REPORTING BUGS
23329 http://www.csh.rit.edu/~adam/Progs/
23337 =head2 Net::NNTP - NNTP Client class
23347 new ( [ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ])
23351 article ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), body ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), head (
23352 [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), articlefh ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), bodyfh ( [
23353 MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), headfh ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), nntpstat ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ]
23354 ), group ( [ GROUP ] ), ihave ( MSGID [, MESSAGE ]), last (), date (),
23355 postok (), authinfo ( USER, PASS ), list (), newgroups ( SINCE [,
23356 DISTRIBUTIONS ]), newnews ( SINCE [, GROUPS [, DISTRIBUTIONS ]]), next (),
23357 post ( [ MESSAGE ] ), postfh (), slave (), quit ()
23361 =item Extension methods
23363 newsgroups ( [ PATTERN ] ), distributions (), subscriptions (),
23364 overview_fmt (), active_times (), active ( [ PATTERN ] ), xgtitle ( PATTERN
23365 ), xhdr ( HEADER, MESSAGE-SPEC ), xover ( MESSAGE-SPEC ), xpath (
23366 MESSAGE-ID ), xpat ( HEADER, PATTERN, MESSAGE-SPEC), xrover, listgroup ( [
23375 MESSAGE-SPEC, PATTERN, Examples, C<[^]-]>, C<*bdc>, C<[0-9a-zA-Z]>, C<a??d>
23385 =head2 Net::POP3 - Post Office Protocol 3 Client class (RFC1939)
23395 new ( [ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ] 0
23399 auth ( USERNAME, PASSWORD ), user ( USER ), pass ( PASS ), login ( [ USER
23400 [, PASS ]] ), apop ( [ USER [, PASS ]] ), banner (), capa (), capabilities
23401 (), top ( MSGNUM [, NUMLINES ] ), list ( [ MSGNUM ] ), get ( MSGNUM [, FH ]
23402 ), getfh ( MSGNUM ), last (), popstat (), ping ( USER ), uidl ( [ MSGNUM ]
23403 ), delete ( MSGNUM ), reset (), quit ()
23415 =head2 Net::Ping - check a remote host for reachability
23427 Net::Ping->new([$proto [, $def_timeout [, $bytes [, $device [, $tos
23428 ]]]]]);, $p->ping($host [, $timeout]);, $p->source_verify( { 0 | 1 } );,
23429 $p->service_check( { 0 | 1 } );, $p->tcp_service_check( { 0 | 1 } );,
23430 $p->hires( { 0 | 1 } );, $p->bind($local_addr);, $p->open($host);, $p->ack(
23431 [ $host ] );, $p->nack( $failed_ack_host );, $p->close();, pingecho($host
23448 =head2 Net::SMTP - Simple Mail Transfer Protocol Client
23460 new ( [ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ] )
23464 banner (), domain (), hello ( DOMAIN ), host (), etrn ( DOMAIN ), auth (
23465 USERNAME, PASSWORD ), mail ( ADDRESS [, OPTIONS] ), send ( ADDRESS ),
23466 send_or_mail ( ADDRESS ), send_and_mail ( ADDRESS ), reset (), recipient (
23467 ADDRESS [, ADDRESS, [...]] [, OPTIONS ] ), to ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]]
23468 ), cc ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), bcc ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ),
23469 data ( [ DATA ] ), expand ( ADDRESS ), verify ( ADDRESS ), help ( [
23470 $subject ] ), quit ()
23482 =head2 Net::Time - time and daytime network client interface
23490 inet_time ( [HOST [, PROTOCOL [, TIMEOUT]]]), inet_daytime ( [HOST [,
23491 PROTOCOL [, TIMEOUT]]])
23499 =head2 Net::hostent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gethost*()
23516 =head2 Net::libnetFAQ, libnetFAQ - libnet Frequently Asked Questions
23524 =item Where to get this document
23526 =item How to contribute to this document
23530 =item Author and Copyright Information
23538 =item Obtaining and installing libnet
23542 =item What is libnet ?
23544 =item Which version of perl do I need ?
23546 =item What other modules do I need ?
23548 =item What machines support libnet ?
23550 =item Where can I get the latest libnet release
23554 =item Using Net::FTP
23558 =item How do I download files from an FTP server ?
23560 =item How do I transfer files in binary mode ?
23562 =item How can I get the size of a file on a remote FTP server ?
23564 =item How can I get the modification time of a file on a remote FTP server
23567 =item How can I change the permissions of a file on a remote server ?
23569 =item Can I do a reget operation like the ftp command ?
23571 =item How do I get a directory listing from an FTP server ?
23573 =item Changing directory to "" does not fail ?
23575 =item I am behind a SOCKS firewall, but the Firewall option does not work ?
23577 =item I am behind an FTP proxy firewall, but cannot access machines outside
23580 =item My ftp proxy firewall does not listen on port 21
23582 =item Is it possible to change the file permissions of a file on an FTP
23585 =item I have seen scripts call a method message, but cannot find it
23588 =item Why does Net::FTP not implement mput and mget methods
23592 =item Using Net::SMTP
23596 =item Why can't the part of an Email address after the @ be used as the
23599 =item Why does Net::SMTP not do DNS MX lookups ?
23601 =item The verify method always returns true ?
23605 =item Debugging scripts
23609 =item How can I debug my scripts that use Net::* modules ?
23613 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
23617 =head2 Net::netent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getnet*()
23634 =head2 Net::protoent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getproto*()
23649 =head2 Net::servent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getserv*()
23666 =head2 Netrc, Net::Netrc - OO interface to users netrc file
23674 =item THE .netrc FILE
23676 machine name, default, login name, password string, account string, macdef
23681 lookup ( MACHINE [, LOGIN ])
23685 login (), password (), account (), lpa ()
23695 =head2 O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends
23705 =item IMPLEMENTATION
23713 =head2 ODBM_File - Tied access to odbm files
23721 C<O_RDONLY>, C<O_WRONLY>, C<O_RDWR>
23727 =item C<odbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...>
23731 =item BUGS AND WARNINGS
23735 =head2 Opcode - Disable named opcodes when compiling perl code
23747 =item Operator Names and Operator Lists
23749 an operator name (opname), an operator tag name (optag), a negated opname
23750 or optag, an operator set (opset)
23752 =item Opcode Functions
23754 opcodes, opset (OP, ...), opset_to_ops (OPSET), opset_to_hex (OPSET),
23755 full_opset, empty_opset, invert_opset (OPSET), verify_opset (OPSET, ...),
23756 define_optag (OPTAG, OPSET), opmask_add (OPSET), opmask, opdesc (OP, ...),
23759 =item Manipulating Opsets
23761 =item TO DO (maybe)
23767 =item Predefined Opcode Tags
23769 :base_core, :base_mem, :base_loop, :base_io, :base_orig, :base_math,
23770 :base_thread, :default, :filesys_read, :sys_db, :browse, :filesys_open,
23771 :filesys_write, :subprocess, :ownprocess, :others, :still_to_be_decided,
23780 =head2 Opcode::Safe, Safe - Compile and execute code in restricted
23789 a new namespace, an operator mask
23795 =item RECENT CHANGES
23797 =item Methods in class Safe
23799 permit (OP, ...), permit_only (OP, ...), deny (OP, ...), deny_only (OP,
23800 ...), trap (OP, ...), untrap (OP, ...), share (NAME, ...), share_from
23801 (PACKAGE, ARRAYREF), varglob (VARNAME), reval (STRING), rdo (FILENAME),
23802 root (NAMESPACE), mask (MASK)
23804 =item Some Safety Issues
23806 Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes
23814 =head2 Opcode::ops, ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when
23827 =head2 POSIX - Perl interface to IEEE Std 1003.1
23841 _exit, abort, abs, access, acos, alarm, asctime, asin, assert, atan, atan2,
23842 atexit, atof, atoi, atol, bsearch, calloc, ceil, chdir, chmod, chown,
23843 clearerr, clock, close, closedir, cos, cosh, creat, ctermid, ctime,
23844 cuserid, difftime, div, dup, dup2, errno, execl, execle, execlp, execv,
23845 execve, execvp, exit, exp, fabs, fclose, fcntl, fdopen, feof, ferror,
23846 fflush, fgetc, fgetpos, fgets, fileno, floor, fmod, fopen, fork, fpathconf,
23847 fprintf, fputc, fputs, fread, free, freopen, frexp, fscanf, fseek, fsetpos,
23848 fstat, fsync, ftell, fwrite, getc, getchar, getcwd, getegid, getenv,
23849 geteuid, getgid, getgrgid, getgrnam, getgroups, getlogin, getpgrp, getpid,
23850 getppid, getpwnam, getpwuid, gets, getuid, gmtime, isalnum, isalpha,
23851 isatty, iscntrl, isdigit, isgraph, islower, isprint, ispunct, isspace,
23852 isupper, isxdigit, kill, labs, ldexp, ldiv, link, localeconv, localtime,
23853 log, log10, longjmp, lseek, malloc, mblen, mbstowcs, mbtowc, memchr,
23854 memcmp, memcpy, memmove, memset, mkdir, mkfifo, mktime, modf, nice,
23855 offsetof, open, opendir, pathconf, pause, perror, pipe, pow, printf, putc,
23856 putchar, puts, qsort, raise, rand, read, readdir, realloc, remove, rename,
23857 rewind, rewinddir, rmdir, scanf, setgid, setjmp, setlocale, setpgid,
23858 setsid, setuid, sigaction, siglongjmp, sigpending, sigprocmask, sigsetjmp,
23859 sigsuspend, sin, sinh, sleep, sprintf, sqrt, srand, sscanf, stat, strcat,
23860 strchr, strcmp, strcoll, strcpy, strcspn, strerror, strftime, strlen,
23861 strncat, strncmp, strncpy, strpbrk, strrchr, strspn, strstr, strtod,
23862 strtok, strtol, strtoul, strxfrm, sysconf, system, tan, tanh, tcdrain,
23863 tcflow, tcflush, tcgetpgrp, tcsendbreak, tcsetpgrp, time, times, tmpfile,
23864 tmpnam, tolower, toupper, ttyname, tzname, tzset, umask, uname, ungetc,
23865 unlink, utime, vfprintf, vprintf, vsprintf, wait, waitpid, wcstombs,
23872 =item POSIX::SigAction
23874 new, handler, mask, flags, safe
23878 %SIGRT, SIGRTMIN, SIGRTMAX
23880 =item POSIX::SigSet
23882 new, addset, delset, emptyset, fillset, ismember
23884 =item POSIX::Termios
23886 new, getattr, getcc, getcflag, getiflag, getispeed, getlflag, getoflag,
23887 getospeed, setattr, setcc, setcflag, setiflag, setispeed, setlflag,
23888 setoflag, setospeed, Baud rate values, Terminal interface values, c_cc
23889 field values, c_cflag field values, c_iflag field values, c_lflag field
23890 values, c_oflag field values
23894 =item PATHNAME CONSTANTS
23898 =item POSIX CONSTANTS
23902 =item SYSTEM CONFIGURATION
23956 Constants, WNOHANG, WUNTRACED, Macros, WIFEXITED, WEXITSTATUS, WIFSIGNALED,
23957 WTERMSIG, WIFSTOPPED, WSTOPSIG
23961 =head2 PerlIO - On demand loader for PerlIO layers and root of PerlIO::*
23970 :unix, :stdio, :perlio, :crlf, :mmap, :utf8, :bytes, :raw, :pop, :win32
23974 =item Custom Layers
23978 =item Alternatives to raw
23980 =item Defaults and how to override them
23982 =item Querying the layers of filehandles
23992 =head2 PerlIO::encoding - encoding layer
24004 =head2 PerlIO::scalar - in-memory IO, scalar IO
24012 =item IMPLEMENTATION NOTE
24016 =head2 PerlIO::via - Helper class for PerlIO layers implemented in perl
24024 =item EXPECTED METHODS
24026 $class->PUSHED([$mode[,$fh]]), $obj->POPPED([$fh]),
24027 $obj->UTF8($bellowFlag,[$fh]), $obj->OPEN($path,$mode[,$fh]),
24028 $obj->BINMODE([,$fh]), $obj->FDOPEN($fd[,$fh]),
24029 $obj->SYSOPEN($path,$imode,$perm,[,$fh]), $obj->FILENO($fh),
24030 $obj->READ($buffer,$len,$fh), $obj->WRITE($buffer,$fh), $obj->FILL($fh),
24031 $obj->CLOSE($fh), $obj->SEEK($posn,$whence,$fh), $obj->TELL($fh),
24032 $obj->UNREAD($buffer,$fh), $obj->FLUSH($fh), $obj->SETLINEBUF($fh),
24033 $obj->CLEARERR($fh), $obj->ERROR($fh), $obj->EOF($fh)
24039 =item Example - a Hexadecimal Handle
24045 =head2 PerlIO::via::QuotedPrint - PerlIO layer for quoted-printable strings
24053 =item REQUIRED MODULES
24057 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
24063 =head2 Pod::Checker, podchecker() - check pod documents for syntax errors
24069 =item OPTIONS/ARGUMENTS
24075 B<-warnings> =E<gt> I<val>
24087 empty =headn, =over on line I<N> without closing =back, =item without
24088 previous =over, =back without previous =over, No argument for =begin, =end
24089 without =begin, Nested =begin's, =for without formatter specification,
24090 unresolved internal link I<NAME>, Unknown command "I<CMD>", Unknown
24091 interior-sequence "I<SEQ>", nested commands
24092 I<CMD>E<lt>...I<CMD>E<lt>...E<gt>...E<gt>, garbled entity I<STRING>, Entity
24093 number out of range, malformed link LE<lt>E<gt>, nonempty ZE<lt>E<gt>,
24094 empty XE<lt>E<gt>, Spurious text after =pod / =cut, Spurious character(s)
24099 multiple occurrence of link target I<name>, line containing nothing but
24100 whitespace in paragraph, file does not start with =head, previous =item has
24101 no contents, preceding non-item paragraph(s), =item type mismatch (I<one>
24102 vs. I<two>), I<N> unescaped C<E<lt>E<gt>> in paragraph, Unknown entity, No
24103 items in =over, No argument for =item, empty section in previous paragraph,
24104 Verbatim paragraph in NAME section, =headI<n> without preceding higher
24109 ignoring leading/trailing whitespace in link, (section) in '$page'
24110 deprecated, alternative text/node '%s' contains non-escaped | or /
24122 C<Pod::Checker-E<gt>new( %options )>
24124 C<$checker-E<gt>poderror( @args )>, C<$checker-E<gt>poderror( {%opts},
24127 C<$checker-E<gt>num_errors()>
24129 C<$checker-E<gt>num_warnings()>
24131 C<$checker-E<gt>name()>
24133 C<$checker-E<gt>node()>
24135 C<$checker-E<gt>idx()>
24137 C<$checker-E<gt>hyperlink()>
24145 =head2 Pod::Escapes -- for resolving Pod EE<lt>...E<gt> sequences
24155 e2char($e_content), e2charnum($e_content), $Name2character{I<name>},
24156 $Name2character_number{I<name>}, $Latin1Code_to_fallback{I<integer>},
24157 $Latin1Char_to_fallback{I<character>}, $Code2USASCII{I<integer>}
24163 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
24169 =head2 Pod::Find - find POD documents in directory trees
24181 =item C<pod_find( { %opts } , @directories )>
24183 C<-verbose =E<gt> 1>, C<-perl =E<gt> 1>, C<-script =E<gt> 1>, C<-inc =E<gt>
24190 =item C<simplify_name( $str )>
24196 =item C<pod_where( { %opts }, $pod )>
24198 C<-inc =E<gt> 1>, C<-dirs =E<gt> [ $dir1, $dir2, ... ]>, C<-verbose =E<gt>
24205 =item C<contains_pod( $file , $verbose )>
24217 =head2 Pod::Html - module to convert pod files to HTML
24231 backlink, cachedir, css, flush, header, help, hiddendirs, htmldir,
24232 htmlroot, index, infile, libpods, netscape, outfile, podpath, podroot,
24233 quiet, recurse, title, verbose
24251 =head2 Pod::InputObjects - objects representing POD input paragraphs,
24264 package B<Pod::InputSource>, package B<Pod::Paragraph>, package
24265 B<Pod::InteriorSequence>, package B<Pod::ParseTree>
24271 =item B<Pod::InputSource>
24295 =item B<was_cutting()>
24301 =item B<Pod::Paragraph>
24307 =item Pod::Paragraph-E<gt>B<new()>
24313 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<cmd_name()>
24319 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<text()>
24325 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<raw_text()>
24331 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<cmd_prefix()>
24337 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<cmd_separator()>
24343 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<parse_tree()>
24349 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<file_line()>
24355 =item B<Pod::InteriorSequence>
24361 =item Pod::InteriorSequence-E<gt>B<new()>
24367 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<cmd_name()>
24373 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<prepend()>
24379 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<append()>
24385 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<nested()>
24391 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<raw_text()>
24397 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<left_delimiter()>
24403 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<right_delimiter()>
24409 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<parse_tree()>
24415 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<file_line()>
24421 =item Pod::InteriorSequence::B<DESTROY()>
24427 =item B<Pod::ParseTree>
24433 =item Pod::ParseTree-E<gt>B<new()>
24439 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<top()>
24445 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<children()>
24451 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<prepend()>
24457 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<append()>
24463 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<raw_text()>
24469 =item Pod::ParseTree::B<DESTROY()>
24481 =head2 Pod::LaTeX - Convert Pod data to formatted Latex
24493 =item OBJECT METHODS
24501 =item Data Accessors
24517 B<ReplaceNAMEwithSection>
24519 B<StartWithNewPage>
24533 =item Subclassed methods
24547 B<interior_sequence>
24563 =item Methods for headings
24571 =item Internal methods
24577 B<_replace_special_chars>
24579 B<_replace_special_chars_late>
24585 B<_clean_latex_commands>
24587 B<_split_delimited>
24603 =head2 Pod::Man - Convert POD data to formatted *roff input
24611 center, date, fixed, fixedbold, fixeditalic, fixedbolditalic, name, quotes,
24616 roff font should be 1 or 2 chars, not "%s", Invalid quote specification
24625 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
24631 =head2 Pod::ParseLink - Parse an LE<lt>E<gt> formatting code in POD text
24643 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
24647 =head2 Pod::ParseUtils - helpers for POD parsing and conversion
24661 Pod::List-E<gt>new()
24669 $list-E<gt>indent()
24677 $list-E<gt>parent()
24683 =item Pod::Hyperlink
24685 Pod::Hyperlink-E<gt>new()
24689 $link-E<gt>parse($string)
24691 $link-E<gt>markup($string)
24695 $link-E<gt>warning()
24697 $link-E<gt>file(), $link-E<gt>line()
24703 $link-E<gt>alttext()
24713 Pod::Cache-E<gt>new()
24719 $cache-E<gt>find_page($name)
24723 =item Pod::Cache::Item
24725 Pod::Cache::Item-E<gt>new()
24729 $cacheitem-E<gt>page()
24731 $cacheitem-E<gt>description()
24733 $cacheitem-E<gt>path()
24735 $cacheitem-E<gt>file()
24737 $cacheitem-E<gt>nodes()
24739 $cacheitem-E<gt>find_node($name)
24741 $cacheitem-E<gt>idx()
24751 =head2 Pod::Parser - base class for creating POD filters and translators
24763 =item QUICK OVERVIEW
24765 =item PARSING OPTIONS
24767 B<-want_nonPODs> (default: unset), B<-process_cut_cmd> (default: unset),
24768 B<-warnings> (default: unset)
24774 =item RECOMMENDED SUBROUTINE/METHOD OVERRIDES
24782 C<$cmd>, C<$text>, C<$line_num>, C<$pod_para>
24788 =item B<verbatim()>
24790 C<$text>, C<$line_num>, C<$pod_para>
24796 =item B<textblock()>
24798 C<$text>, C<$line_num>, C<$pod_para>
24804 =item B<interior_sequence()>
24810 =item OPTIONAL SUBROUTINE/METHOD OVERRIDES
24822 =item B<initialize()>
24828 =item B<begin_pod()>
24834 =item B<begin_input()>
24840 =item B<end_input()>
24852 =item B<preprocess_line()>
24858 =item B<preprocess_paragraph()>
24864 =item METHODS FOR PARSING AND PROCESSING
24870 =item B<parse_text()>
24872 B<-expand_seq> =E<gt> I<code-ref>|I<method-name>, B<-expand_text> =E<gt>
24873 I<code-ref>|I<method-name>, B<-expand_ptree> =E<gt>
24874 I<code-ref>|I<method-name>
24880 =item B<interpolate()>
24886 =item B<parse_paragraph()>
24892 =item B<parse_from_filehandle()>
24898 =item B<parse_from_file()>
24904 =item ACCESSOR METHODS
24910 =item B<errorsub()>
24922 =item B<parseopts()>
24928 =item B<output_file()>
24934 =item B<output_handle()>
24940 =item B<input_file()>
24946 =item B<input_handle()>
24952 =item B<input_streams()>
24958 =item B<top_stream()>
24964 =item PRIVATE METHODS AND DATA
24970 =item B<_push_input_stream()>
24976 =item B<_pop_input_stream()>
24982 =item TREE-BASED PARSING
24990 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToChecker - let Perldoc check Pod for errors
25000 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
25006 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToMan - let Perldoc render Pod as man pages
25018 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
25024 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToNroff - let Perldoc convert Pod to nroff
25036 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
25042 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToPod - let Perldoc render Pod as ... Pod!
25052 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
25058 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToRtf - let Perldoc render Pod as RTF
25068 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
25074 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToText - let Perldoc render Pod as plaintext
25086 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
25092 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToTk - let Perldoc use Tk::Pod to render Pod
25106 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToXml - let Perldoc render Pod as XML
25116 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
25122 =head2 Pod::PlainText - Convert POD data to formatted ASCII text
25130 alt, indent, loose, sentence, width
25134 Bizarre space in item, Can't open %s for reading: %s, Unknown escape: %s,
25135 Unknown sequence: %s, Unmatched =back
25147 =head2 Pod::Plainer - Perl extension for converting Pod to old style Pod.
25167 =head2 Pod::Select, podselect() - extract selected sections of POD from
25180 =item SECTION SPECIFICATIONS
25182 =item RANGE SPECIFICATIONS
25188 =item OBJECT METHODS
25194 =item B<curr_headings()>
25206 =item B<add_selection()>
25212 =item B<clear_selections()>
25218 =item B<match_section()>
25224 =item B<is_selected()>
25230 =item EXPORTED FUNCTIONS
25236 =item B<podselect()>
25238 B<-output>, B<-sections>, B<-ranges>
25244 =item PRIVATE METHODS AND DATA
25250 =item B<_compile_section_spec()>
25256 =item $self->{_SECTION_HEADINGS}
25262 =item $self->{_SELECTED_SECTIONS}
25274 =head2 Pod::Simple - framework for parsing Pod
25284 C<< $parser = I<SomeClass>->new(); >>, C<< $parser->output_fh( *OUT ); >>,
25285 C<< $parser->output_string( \$somestring ); >>, C<< $parser->parse_file(
25286 I<$some_filename> ); >>, C<< $parser->parse_file( *INPUT_FH ); >>, C<<
25287 $parser->parse_string_document( I<$all_content> ); >>, C<<
25288 $parser->parse_lines( I<...@lines...>, undef ); >>, C<<
25289 $parser->content_seen >>, C<< I<SomeClass>->filter( I<$filename> ); >>, C<<
25290 I<SomeClass>->filter( I<*INPUT_FH> ); >>, C<< I<SomeClass>->filter(
25291 I<\$document_content> ); >>
25293 =item SECONDARY METHODS
25295 C<< $parser->no_whining( I<SOMEVALUE> ) >>, C<< $parser->no_errata_section(
25296 I<SOMEVALUE> ) >>, C<< $parser->complain_stderr( I<SOMEVALUE> ) >>, C<<
25297 $parser->source_filename >>, C<< $parser->doc_has_started >>, C<<
25298 $parser->source_dead >>
25304 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
25310 =head2 Pod::Simple::Checker -- check the Pod syntax of a document
25320 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
25326 =head2 Pod::Simple::Debug -- put Pod::Simple into trace/debug mode
25340 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
25346 =head2 Pod::Simple::DumpAsText -- dump Pod-parsing events as text
25356 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
25362 =head2 Pod::Simple::DumpAsXML -- turn Pod into XML
25372 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
25378 =head2 Pod::Simple::HTML - convert Pod to HTML
25386 =item CALLING FROM THE COMMAND LINE
25388 =item CALLING FROM PERL
25396 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
25402 =head2 Pod::Simple::HTMLBatch - convert several Pod files to several HTML
25413 =item FROM THE COMMAND LINE
25419 $batchconv = Pod::Simple::HTMLBatch->new;, $batchconv->batch_convert(
25420 I<indirs>, I<outdir> );, $batchconv->batch_convert( undef , ...);,
25421 $batchconv->batch_convert( q{@INC}, ...);, $batchconv->batch_convert(
25422 \@dirs , ...);, $batchconv->batch_convert( "somedir" , ...);,
25423 $batchconv->batch_convert( 'somedir:someother:also' , ...);,
25424 $batchconv->batch_convert( ... , undef );, $batchconv->batch_convert( ... ,
25429 =item ACCESSOR METHODS
25431 $batchconv->verbose( I<nonnegative_integer> );, $batchconv->index(
25432 I<true-or-false> );, $batchconv->contents_file( I<filename> );,
25433 $batchconv->contents_page_start( I<HTML_string> );,
25434 $batchconv->contents_page_end( I<HTML_string> );, $batchconv->add_css( $url
25435 );, $batchconv->add_javascript( $url );, $batchconv->css_flurry(
25436 I<true-or-false> );, $batchconv->javascript_flurry( I<true-or-false> );,
25437 $batchconv->no_contents_links( I<true-or-false> );,
25438 $batchconv->html_render_class( I<classname> );
25442 =item NOTES ON CUSTOMIZATION
25448 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
25454 =head2 Pod::Simple::LinkSection -- represent "section" attributes of L
25465 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
25471 =head2 Pod::Simple::Methody -- turn Pod::Simple events into method calls
25479 =item METHOD CALLING
25483 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
25489 =head2 Pod::Simple::PullParser -- a pull-parser interface to parsing Pod
25499 my $token = $parser->get_token, $parser->unget_token( $token ),
25500 $parser->unget_token( $token1, $token2, ... ), $parser->set_source(
25501 $filename ), $parser->set_source( $filehandle_object ),
25502 $parser->set_source( \$document_source ), $parser->set_source(
25503 \@document_lines ), $parser->parse_file(...),
25504 $parser->parse_string_document(...), $parser->filter(...),
25505 $parser->parse_from_file(...), my $title_string = $parser->get_title, my
25506 $title_string = $parser->get_short_title, $author_name =
25507 $parser->get_author, $description_name = $parser->get_description,
25508 $version_block = $parser->get_version
25514 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
25520 =head2 Pod::Simple::PullParserEndToken -- end-tokens from
25521 Pod::Simple::PullParser
25529 $token->tagname, $token->tagname(I<somestring>), $token->tag(...),
25530 $token->is_tag(I<somestring>) or $token->is_tagname(I<somestring>)
25534 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
25540 =head2 Pod::Simple::PullParserStartToken -- start-tokens from
25541 Pod::Simple::PullParser
25549 $token->tagname, $token->tagname(I<somestring>), $token->tag(...),
25550 $token->is_tag(I<somestring>) or $token->is_tagname(I<somestring>),
25551 $token->attr(I<attrname>), $token->attr(I<attrname>, I<newvalue>),
25556 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
25562 =head2 Pod::Simple::PullParserTextToken -- text-tokens from
25563 Pod::Simple::PullParser
25571 $token->text, $token->text(I<somestring>), $token->text_r()
25575 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
25581 =head2 Pod::Simple::PullParserToken -- tokens from Pod::Simple::PullParser
25589 $token->type, $token->is_start, $token->is_text, $token->is_end,
25594 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
25600 =head2 Pod::Simple::RTF -- format Pod as RTF
25608 =item FORMAT CONTROL ATTRIBUTES
25610 $parser->head1_halfpoint_size( I<halfpoint_integer> );,
25611 $parser->head2_halfpoint_size( I<halfpoint_integer> );,
25612 $parser->head3_halfpoint_size( I<halfpoint_integer> );,
25613 $parser->head4_halfpoint_size( I<halfpoint_integer> );,
25614 $parser->codeblock_halfpoint_size( I<halfpoint_integer> );,
25615 $parser->header_halfpoint_size( I<halfpoint_integer> );,
25616 $parser->normal_halfpoint_size( I<halfpoint_integer> );,
25617 $parser->no_proofing_exemptions( I<true_or_false> );, $parser->doc_lang(
25618 I<microsoft_decimal_language_code> )
25622 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
25628 =head2 Pod::Simple::Search - find POD documents in directory trees
25640 $search->inc( I<true-or-false> );, $search->verbose( I<nonnegative-number>
25641 );, $search->limit_glob( I<some-glob-string> );, $search->callback(
25642 I<\&some_routine> );, $search->laborious( I<true-or-false> );,
25643 $search->shadows( I<true-or-false> );, $search->limit_re( I<some-regxp> );,
25644 $search->dir_prefix( I<some-string-value> );, $search->progress(
25645 I<some-progress-object> );, $name2path = $self->name2path;, $path2name =
25648 =item MAIN SEARCH METHODS
25652 =item C<< $search->survey( @directories ) >>
25654 C<name2path>, C<path2name>
25656 =item C<< $search->simplify_name( $str ) >>
25658 =item C<< $search->find( $pod ) >>
25660 =item C<< $search->find( $pod, @search_dirs ) >>
25662 =item C<< $self->contains_pod( $file ) >>
25672 =head2 Pod::Simple::Subclassing -- write a formatter as a Pod::Simple
25683 C<< $parser->_handle_element_start( I<element_name>, I<attr_hashref> ) >>,
25684 C<< $parser->_handle_element_end( I<element_name> ) >>, C<<
25685 $parser->_handle_text( I<text_string> ) >>, events with an element_name
25686 of Document, events with an element_name of Para, events with an
25687 element_name of B, C, F, or I, events with an element_name of S, events
25688 with an element_name of X, events with an element_name of L, events with an
25689 element_name of E or Z, events with an element_name of Verbatim, events
25690 with an element_name of head1 .. head4, events with an element_name of
25691 over-bullet, events with an element_name of over-number, events with an
25692 element_name of over-text, events with an element_name of over-block,
25693 events with an element_name of item-bullet, events with an element_name of
25694 item-number, events with an element_name of item-text, events with an
25695 element_name of for, events with an element_name of Data
25697 =item More Pod::Simple Methods
25699 C<< $parser->accept_targets( I<SOMEVALUE> ) >>, C<<
25700 $parser->accept_targets_as_text( I<SOMEVALUE> ) >>, C<<
25701 $parser->accept_codes( I<Codename>, I<Codename>... ) >>, C<<
25702 $parser->accept_directive_as_data( I<directive_name> ) >>, C<<
25703 $parser->accept_directive_as_verbatim( I<directive_name> ) >>, C<<
25704 $parser->accept_directive_as_processed( I<directive_name> ) >>, C<<
25705 $parser->nbsp_for_S( I<BOOLEAN> ); >>, C<< $parser->version_report() >>,
25706 C<< $parser->pod_para_count() >>, C<< $parser->line_count() >>, C<<
25707 $parser->nix_X_codes( I<SOMEVALUE> ) >>, C<< $parser->merge_text(
25708 I<SOMEVALUE> ) >>, C<< $parser->code_handler( I<CODE_REF> ) >>, C<<
25709 $parser->cut_handler( I<CODE_REF> ) >>, C<< $parser->whine(
25710 I<linenumber>, I<complaint string> ) >>, C<< $parser->scream(
25711 I<linenumber>, I<complaint string> ) >>, C<< $parser->source_dead(1) >>,
25712 C<< $parser->hide_line_numbers( I<SOMEVALUE> ) >>, C<< $parser->no_whining(
25713 I<SOMEVALUE> ) >>, C<< $parser->no_errata_section( I<SOMEVALUE> ) >>, C<<
25714 $parser->complain_stderr( I<SOMEVALUE> ) >>, C<< $parser->bare_output(
25715 I<SOMEVALUE> ) >>, C<< $parser->preserve_whitespace( I<SOMEVALUE> ) >>
25719 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
25725 =head2 Pod::Simple::Text -- format Pod as plaintext
25735 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
25741 =head2 Pod::Simple::TextContent -- get the text content of Pod
25751 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
25757 =head2 Pod::Simple::XMLOutStream -- turn Pod into XML
25767 =item ABOUT EXTENDING POD
25771 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
25777 =head2 Pod::SimpleTree, Pod::Simple::SimpleTree -- parse Pod into a simple
25788 =item Tree Contents
25792 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
25798 =head2 Pod::Text - Convert POD data to formatted ASCII text
25806 alt, code, indent, loose, margin, quotes, sentence, width
25810 Bizarre space in item, Item called without tag, Can't open %s for reading:
25811 %s, Invalid quote specification "%s"
25819 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
25823 =head2 Pod::Text::Color - Convert POD data to formatted color ASCII text
25837 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
25841 =head2 Pod::Text::Overstrike - Convert POD data to formatted overstrike
25856 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
25860 =head2 Pod::Text::Termcap - Convert POD data to ASCII text with format
25875 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
25879 =head2 Pod::Usage, pod2usage() - print a usage message from embedded pod
25888 C<-message>, C<-msg>, C<-exitval>, C<-verbose>, C<-sections>, C<-output>,
25889 C<-input>, C<-pathlist>, C<-noperldoc>
25897 =item Recommended Use
25905 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
25909 =head2 SDBM_File - Tied access to sdbm files
25917 C<O_RDONLY>, C<O_WRONLY>, C<O_RDWR>
25923 =item C<sdbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...>
25927 =item BUGS AND WARNINGS
25931 =head2 Safe - Compile and execute code in restricted compartments
25939 a new namespace, an operator mask
25945 =item RECENT CHANGES
25947 =item Methods in class Safe
25949 permit (OP, ...), permit_only (OP, ...), deny (OP, ...), deny_only (OP,
25950 ...), trap (OP, ...), untrap (OP, ...), share (NAME, ...), share_from
25951 (PACKAGE, ARRAYREF), varglob (VARNAME), reval (STRING), rdo (FILENAME),
25952 root (NAMESPACE), mask (MASK)
25954 =item Some Safety Issues
25956 Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes
25964 =head2 Scalar::Util - A selection of general-utility scalar subroutines
25972 blessed EXPR, dualvar NUM, STRING, isvstring EXPR, isweak EXPR,
25973 looks_like_number EXPR, openhandle FH, refaddr EXPR, reftype EXPR,
25974 set_prototype CODEREF, PROTOTYPE, tainted EXPR, weaken REF
25984 =head2 Search::Dict, look - search for key in dictionary file
25994 =head2 SelectSaver - save and restore selected file handle
26004 =head2 SelfLoader - load functions only on demand
26014 =item The __DATA__ token
26016 =item SelfLoader autoloading
26018 =item Autoloading and package lexicals
26020 =item SelfLoader and AutoLoader
26022 =item __DATA__, __END__, and the FOOBAR::DATA filehandle.
26024 =item Classes and inherited methods.
26028 =item Multiple packages and fully qualified subroutine names
26032 =head2 Shell - run shell commands transparently within perl
26044 =item Escaping Magic Characters
26046 =item Configuration
26056 =head2 Socket, sockaddr_in, sockaddr_un, inet_aton, inet_ntoa - load the C
26057 socket.h defines and structure manipulators
26065 inet_aton HOSTNAME, inet_ntoa IP_ADDRESS, INADDR_ANY, INADDR_BROADCAST,
26066 INADDR_LOOPBACK, INADDR_NONE, sockaddr_family SOCKADDR, sockaddr_in PORT,
26067 ADDRESS, sockaddr_in SOCKADDR_IN, pack_sockaddr_in PORT, IP_ADDRESS,
26068 unpack_sockaddr_in SOCKADDR_IN, sockaddr_un PATHNAME, sockaddr_un
26069 SOCKADDR_UN, pack_sockaddr_un PATH, unpack_sockaddr_un SOCKADDR_UN
26073 =head2 Storable - persistence for Perl data structures
26083 =item ADVISORY LOCKING
26087 =item CANONICAL REPRESENTATION
26089 =item CODE REFERENCES
26091 =item FORWARD COMPATIBILITY
26093 utf8 data, restricted hashes, files from future versions of Storable
26095 =item ERROR REPORTING
26103 C<STORABLE_freeze> I<obj>, I<cloning>, C<STORABLE_thaw> I<obj>, I<cloning>,
26104 I<serialized>, .., C<STORABLE_attach> I<class>, I<cloning>, I<serialized>
26108 C<Storable::last_op_in_netorder>, C<Storable::is_storing>,
26109 C<Storable::is_retrieving>
26117 =item Storable magic
26119 $info = Storable::file_magic( $filename ), C<version>, C<version_nv>,
26120 C<major>, C<minor>, C<hdrsize>, C<netorder>, C<byteorder>, C<intsize>,
26121 C<longsize>, C<ptrsize>, C<nvsize>, C<file>, $info = Storable::read_magic(
26122 $buffer ), $info = Storable::read_magic( $buffer, $must_be_file )
26132 =item 64 bit data in perl 5.6.0 and 5.6.1
26144 =head2 Switch - A switch statement for Perl
26158 =item Allowing fall-through
26160 =item Automating fall-through
26162 =item Alternative syntax
26164 =item Higher-order Operations
26180 =head2 Symbol - manipulate Perl symbols and their names
26192 =head2 Sys::Hostname - Try every conceivable way to get hostname
26204 =head2 Syslog, Sys::Syslog - Perl interface to the UNIX syslog(3) calls
26218 B<openlog($ident, $logopt, $facility)>, B<syslog($priority, $message)>,
26219 B<syslog($priority, $format, @args)>, B<Note>,
26220 B<setlogmask($mask_priority)>, B<setlogsock($sock_type)>,
26221 B<setlogsock($sock_type, $stream_location)> (added in 5.004_02),
26238 Invalid argument passed to setlogsock, no connection to syslog available,
26239 stream passed to setlogsock, but %s is not writable, stream passed to
26240 setlogsock, but could not find any device, tcp passed to setlogsock, but
26241 tcp service unavailable, syslog: expecting argument %s, syslog: invalid
26242 level/facility: %s, syslog: too many levels given: %s, syslog: too many
26243 facilities given: %s, syslog: level must be given, udp passed to
26244 setlogsock, but udp service unavailable, unix passed to setlogsock, but
26255 AnnoCPAN: Annotated CPAN documentation, CPAN Ratings, RT: CPAN's request
26256 tracker, Search CPAN, Kobes' CPAN Search, Perl Documentation
26262 =head2 Syslog::Syslog, Sys::Syslog - Perl interface to the UNIX syslog(3)
26277 B<openlog($ident, $logopt, $facility)>, B<syslog($priority, $message)>,
26278 B<syslog($priority, $format, @args)>, B<Note>,
26279 B<setlogmask($mask_priority)>, B<setlogsock($sock_type)>,
26280 B<setlogsock($sock_type, $stream_location)> (added in 5.004_02),
26297 Invalid argument passed to setlogsock, no connection to syslog available,
26298 stream passed to setlogsock, but %s is not writable, stream passed to
26299 setlogsock, but could not find any device, tcp passed to setlogsock, but
26300 tcp service unavailable, syslog: expecting argument %s, syslog: invalid
26301 level/facility: %s, syslog: too many levels given: %s, syslog: too many
26302 facilities given: %s, syslog: level must be given, udp passed to
26303 setlogsock, but udp service unavailable, unix passed to setlogsock, but
26314 AnnoCPAN: Annotated CPAN documentation, CPAN Ratings, RT: CPAN's request
26315 tracker, Search CPAN, Kobes' CPAN Search, Perl Documentation
26321 =head2 Term::ANSIColor - Color screen output using ANSI escape sequences
26331 Bad escape sequence %s, Bareword "%s" not allowed while "strict subs" in
26332 use, Invalid attribute name %s, Name "%s" used only once: possible typo, No
26333 comma allowed after filehandle, No name for escape sequence %s
26337 ANSI_COLORS_DISABLED
26347 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
26351 =head2 Term::Cap - Perl termcap interface
26367 B<Tgetent>, OSPEED, TERM
26369 B<Tpad>, B<$string>, B<$cnt>, B<$FH>
26371 B<Tputs>, B<$cap>, B<$cnt>, B<$FH>
26373 B<Tgoto>, B<$cap>, B<$col>, B<$row>, B<$FH>
26381 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
26389 =head2 Term::Complete - Perl word completion module
26397 E<lt>tabE<gt>, ^D, ^U, E<lt>delE<gt>, E<lt>bsE<gt>
26407 =head2 Term::ReadLine - Perl interface to various C<readline> packages.
26408 If no real package is found, substitutes stubs instead of basic functions.
26416 =item Minimal set of supported functions
26418 C<ReadLine>, C<new>, C<readline>, C<addhistory>, C<IN>, C<OUT>, C<MinLine>,
26419 C<findConsole>, Attribs, C<Features>
26421 =item Additional supported functions
26423 C<tkRunning>, C<ornaments>, C<newTTY>
26433 =head2 Test - provides a simple framework for writing test scripts
26441 =item QUICK START GUIDE
26447 C<plan(...)>, C<tests =E<gt> I<number>>, C<todo =E<gt> [I<1,5,14>]>,
26448 C<onfail =E<gt> sub { ... }>, C<onfail =E<gt> \&some_sub>
26458 C<skip(I<skip_if_true>, I<args...>)>
26464 NORMAL TESTS, SKIPPED TESTS, TODO TESTS
26468 =item BUGS and CAVEATS
26480 =head2 Test::Builder - Backend for building test libraries
26504 =item Setting up tests
26522 =item Running tests
26528 B<is_eq>, B<is_num>
26530 B<isnt_eq>, B<isnt_num>
26556 B<no_diag>, B<no_ending>, B<no_header>
26570 B<output>, B<failure_output>, B<todo_output>
26574 =item Test Status and Info
26610 =head2 Test::Builder::Module - Base class for test modules
26632 =head2 Test::Builder::Tester - test testsuites that have been built with
26655 test_test, title (synonym 'name', 'label'), skip_out, skip_err
26673 =head2 Test::Builder::Tester::Color - turn on colour in
26674 Test::Builder::Tester
26694 =head2 Test::Harness - Run Perl standard test scripts with statistics
26712 =item Configuration variables.
26714 C<$Test::Harness::Verbose>, C<$Test::Harness::switches>,
26715 C<$Test::Harness::Timer>
26719 B<Failed Test>, B<Stat>, B<Wstat>, B<Total>, B<Fail>, B<List of Failed>
26727 =item runtests( @test_files )
26735 =item execute_tests( tests => \@test_files, out => \*FH )
26745 C<All tests successful.\nFiles=%d, Tests=%d, %s>, C<FAILED tests
26746 %s\n\tFailed %d/%d tests, %.2f%% okay.>, C<Test returned status %d (wstat
26747 %d)>, C<Failed 1 test, %.2f%% okay. %s>, C<Failed %d/%d tests, %.2f%% okay.
26748 %s>, C<FAILED--Further testing stopped: %s>
26750 =item ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES THAT TEST::HARNESS SETS
26752 C<HARNESS_ACTIVE>, C<HARNESS_VERSION>
26754 =item ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES THAT AFFECT TEST::HARNESS
26756 C<HARNESS_COLUMNS>, C<HARNESS_COMPILE_TEST>, C<HARNESS_DEBUG>,
26757 C<HARNESS_FILELEAK_IN_DIR>, C<HARNESS_NOTTY>, C<HARNESS_PERL>,
26758 C<HARNESS_PERL_SWITCHES>, C<HARNESS_TIMER>, C<HARNESS_VERBOSE>
26770 AnnoCPAN: Annotated CPAN documentation, CPAN Ratings, RT: CPAN's request
26771 tracker, Search CPAN
26781 =head2 Test::Harness::Assert - simple assert
26807 =head2 Test::Harness::Iterator - Internal Test::Harness Iterator
26825 =head2 Test::Harness::Point - object for tracking a single test point
26843 =item from_test_line( $line )
26855 =head2 Test::Harness::Straps - detailed analysis of test results
26879 =item $strap->analyze( $name, \@output_lines )
26887 =item $strap->analyze_file( $test_file )
26909 =head2 Test::Harness::TAP - Documentation for the TAP format
26917 =item THE TAP FORMAT
26919 =item HARNESS BEHAVIOR
26921 =item TESTS LINES AND THE PLAN
26927 =item The test line
26929 C<ok> or C<not ok>, Test number, Description, Directive, ok/not ok
26930 (required), Test number (recommended), Description (recommended), Directive
26931 (only when necessary)
26941 =item Skipping tests
26953 =item Anything else
26961 =item Common with explanation
26963 =item Unknown amount and failures
26967 =item Skipping a few
26969 =item Skipping everything
26971 =item Got spare tuits?
26973 =item Creative liberties
26983 Specify a test plan, Run tests, Skip tests in certain situations, Have TODO
26984 tests, Produce TAP compatible diagnostics
26992 phpt, PHPUnit, SimpleTest, Apache-Test
26998 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
27004 =head2 Test::Harness::Util - Utility functions for Test::Harness::*
27010 =item PUBLIC FUNCTIONS
27014 =item all_in( {parm => value, parm => value} )
27024 =item shuffle( @list )
27034 =head2 Test::More - yet another framework for writing test scripts
27044 =item I love it when a plan comes together
27054 =item I'm ok, you're not ok.
27086 =item Complex data structures
27102 =item Conditional tests
27108 B<TODO: BLOCK>, B<todo_skip>
27110 When do I use SKIP vs. TODO?
27122 =item Discouraged comparison functions
27134 =item Extending and Embedding Test::More
27144 =item CAVEATS and NOTES
27146 Backwards compatibility, Overloaded objects, Threads, Test::Harness upgrade
27160 =head2 Test::Simple - Basic utilities for writing tests.
27184 L<Test::More>, L<Test>, L<Test::Unit>, L<Test::Inline>, L<SelfTest>,
27193 =head2 Test::Tutorial - A tutorial about writing really basic tests
27201 =item Nuts and bolts of testing.
27203 =item Where to start?
27207 =item Test the manual
27209 =item Sometimes the tests are wrong
27211 =item Testing lots of values
27213 =item Informative names
27215 =item Skipping tests
27219 =item Testing with taint mode.
27231 =head2 Text::Abbrev, abbrev - create an abbreviation table from a list
27243 =head2 Text::Balanced - Extract delimited text sequences from strings.
27253 =item General behaviour in list contexts
27257 =item General behaviour in scalar and void contexts
27259 =item A note about prefixes
27261 =item C<extract_delimited>
27263 =item C<extract_bracketed>
27265 =item C<extract_variable>
27269 =item C<extract_tagged>
27271 C<reject =E<gt> $listref>, C<ignore =E<gt> $listref>, C<fail =E<gt> $str>,
27272 [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5]
27274 =item C<gen_extract_tagged>
27276 =item C<extract_quotelike>
27278 [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [10]
27280 =item C<extract_quotelike> and "here documents"
27282 [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7..10]
27284 =item C<extract_codeblock>
27286 =item C<extract_multiple>
27288 =item C<gen_delimited_pat>
27290 =item C<delimited_pat>
27296 C<Did not find a suitable bracket: "%s">, C<Did not find prefix: /%s/>,
27297 C<Did not find opening bracket after prefix: "%s">, C<No quotelike
27298 operator found after prefix: "%s">, C<Unmatched closing bracket: "%c">,
27299 C<Unmatched opening bracket(s): "%s">, C<Unmatched embedded quote (%s)>,
27300 C<Did not find closing delimiter to match '%s'>, C<Mismatched closing
27301 bracket: expected "%c" but found "%s">, C<No block delimiter found after
27302 quotelike "%s">, C<Did not find leading dereferencer>, C<Bad identifier
27303 after dereferencer>, C<Did not find expected opening bracket at %s>,
27304 C<Improperly nested codeblock at %s>, C<Missing second block for quotelike
27305 "%s">, C<No match found for opening bracket>, C<Did not find opening tag:
27306 /%s/>, C<Unable to construct closing tag to match: /%s/>, C<Found invalid
27307 nested tag: %s>, C<Found unbalanced nested tag: %s>, C<Did not find closing
27312 =item BUGS AND IRRITATIONS
27318 =head2 Text::ParseWords - parse text into an array of tokens or array of
27333 =head2 Text::Soundex - Implementation of the Soundex Algorithm as Described
27350 =head2 Text::Tabs -- expand and unexpand tabs per the unix expand(1) and
27365 =head2 Text::Wrap - line wrapping to form simple paragraphs
27381 =head2 Thread - manipulate threads in Perl (for old code only)
27393 $thread = Thread->new(\&start_sub), $thread = Thread->new(\&start_sub,
27394 LIST), lock VARIABLE, async BLOCK;, Thread->self, cond_wait VARIABLE,
27395 cond_signal VARIABLE, cond_broadcast VARIABLE, yield
27399 join, eval, detach, equal, tid, flags, done
27407 =head2 Thread::Queue - thread-safe queues
27415 =item FUNCTIONS AND METHODS
27417 new, enqueue LIST, dequeue, dequeue_nb, pending
27423 =head2 Thread::Semaphore - thread-safe semaphores
27431 =item FUNCTIONS AND METHODS
27433 new, new NUMBER, down, down NUMBER, up, up NUMBER
27437 =head2 Thread::Signal - Start a thread which runs signal handlers reliably
27452 =head2 Thread::Specific - thread-specific keys
27462 =head2 Tie::Array - base class for tied arrays
27470 TIEARRAY classname, LIST, STORE this, index, value, FETCH this, index,
27471 FETCHSIZE this, STORESIZE this, count, EXTEND this, count, EXISTS this,
27472 key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, DESTROY this, PUSH this, LIST, POP this,
27473 SHIFT this, UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST
27481 =head2 Tie::File - Access the lines of a disk file via a Perl array
27501 =item Option Format
27505 =item Public Methods
27513 =item C<defer>, C<flush>, C<discard>, and C<autodefer>
27519 =item Tying to an already-opened filehandle
27521 =item Deferred Writing
27525 =item Autodeferring
27529 =item CONCURRENT ACCESS TO FILES
27535 =item WHAT ABOUT C<DB_File>?
27549 =head2 Tie::Handle, Tie::StdHandle - base class definitions for tied
27558 TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, WRITE this, scalar, length, offset, PRINT this,
27559 LIST, PRINTF this, format, LIST, READ this, scalar, length, offset,
27560 READLINE this, GETC this, CLOSE this, OPEN this, filename, BINMODE this,
27561 EOF this, TELL this, SEEK this, offset, whence, DESTROY this
27563 =item MORE INFORMATION
27565 =item COMPATIBILITY
27569 =head2 Tie::Hash, Tie::StdHash, Tie::ExtraHash - base class definitions for
27578 TIEHASH classname, LIST, STORE this, key, value, FETCH this, key, FIRSTKEY
27579 this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, EXISTS this, key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR
27582 =item Inheriting from B<Tie::StdHash>
27584 =item Inheriting from B<Tie::ExtraHash>
27586 =item C<SCALAR>, C<UNTIE> and C<DESTROY>
27588 =item MORE INFORMATION
27592 =head2 Tie::Memoize - add data to hash when needed
27600 =item Inheriting from B<Tie::Memoize>
27610 =head2 Tie::RefHash - use references as hash keys
27620 =item THREAD SUPPORT
27622 =item STORABLE SUPPORT
27624 =item RELIC SUPPORT
27634 =head2 Tie::Scalar, Tie::StdScalar - base class definitions for tied
27643 TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, DESTROY this
27645 =item MORE INFORMATION
27649 =head2 Tie::SubstrHash - Fixed-table-size, fixed-key-length hashing
27661 =head2 Time::HiRes - High resolution alarm, sleep, gettimeofday, interval
27670 gettimeofday (), usleep ( $useconds ), nanosleep ( $nanoseconds ), ualarm (
27671 $useconds [, $interval_useconds ] ), tv_interval, time (), sleep (
27672 $floating_seconds ), alarm ( $floating_seconds [,
27673 $interval_floating_seconds ] ), setitimer ( $which, $floating_seconds [,
27674 $interval_floating_seconds ] ), getitimer ( $which ), clock_gettime (
27675 $which ), clock_getres ( $which ), clock_nanosleep ( $which, $seconds,
27676 $flags = 0), clock()
27686 =item negative time not invented yet
27688 =item internal error: useconds < 0 (unsigned ... signed ...)
27698 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
27702 =head2 Time::Local - efficiently compute time from local and GMT time
27712 =item Ambiguous Local Times (DST)
27714 =item Non-Existent Local Times (DST)
27716 =item Negative Epoch Values
27720 =item IMPLEMENTATION
27730 =head2 Time::gmtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gmtime()
27745 =head2 Time::localtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in localtime()
27760 =head2 Time::tm - internal object used by Time::gmtime and Time::localtime
27772 =head2 UNIVERSAL - base class for ALL classes (blessed references)
27780 C<< $obj->isa( TYPE ) >>, C<< CLASS->isa( TYPE ) >>, C<< eval { VAL->isa(
27781 TYPE ) } >>, C<TYPE>, C<$obj>, C<CLASS>, C<VAL>, C<< $obj->can( METHOD )
27782 >>, C<< CLASS->can( METHOD ) >>, C<< eval { VAL->can( METHOD ) } >>,
27783 C<VERSION ( [ REQUIRE ] )>
27789 =head2 Unicode::Collate - Unicode Collation Algorithm
27799 =item Constructor and Tailoring
27801 UCA_Version, alternate, backwards, entry, hangul_terminator, ignoreChar,
27802 ignoreName, katakana_before_hiragana, level, normalization, overrideCJK,
27803 overrideHangul, preprocess, rearrange, table, undefChar, undefName,
27804 upper_before_lower, variable
27806 =item Methods for Collation
27808 C<@sorted = $Collator-E<gt>sort(@not_sorted)>, C<$result =
27809 $Collator-E<gt>cmp($a, $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>eq($a, $b)>,
27810 C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>ne($a, $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>lt($a,
27811 $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>le($a, $b)>, C<$result =
27812 $Collator-E<gt>gt($a, $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>ge($a, $b)>,
27813 C<$sortKey = $Collator-E<gt>getSortKey($string)>, C<$sortKeyForm =
27814 $Collator-E<gt>viewSortKey($string)>
27816 =item Methods for Searching
27818 C<$position = $Collator-E<gt>index($string, $substring[, $position])>,
27819 C<($position, $length) = $Collator-E<gt>index($string, $substring[,
27820 $position])>, C<$match_ref = $Collator-E<gt>match($string, $substring)>,
27821 C<($match) = $Collator-E<gt>match($string, $substring)>, C<@match =
27822 $Collator-E<gt>gmatch($string, $substring)>, C<$count =
27823 $Collator-E<gt>subst($string, $substring, $replacement)>, C<$count =
27824 $Collator-E<gt>gsubst($string, $substring, $replacement)>
27826 =item Other Methods
27828 C<%old_tailoring = $Collator-E<gt>change(%new_tailoring)>, C<$version =
27829 $Collator-E<gt>version()>, C<UCA_Version()>, C<Base_Unicode_Version()>
27839 Normalization, Conformance Test
27841 =item AUTHOR, COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
27845 Unicode Collation Algorithm - UTS #10, The Default Unicode Collation
27846 Element Table (DUCET), The conformance test for the UCA, Hangul Syllable
27847 Type, Unicode Normalization Forms - UAX #15
27851 =head2 Unicode::Normalize - Unicode Normalization Forms
27861 =item Normalization Forms
27863 C<$NFD_string = NFD($string)>, C<$NFC_string = NFC($string)>,
27864 C<$NFKD_string = NFKD($string)>, C<$NFKC_string = NFKC($string)>,
27865 C<$FCD_string = FCD($string)>, C<$FCC_string = FCC($string)>,
27866 C<$normalized_string = normalize($form_name, $string)>
27868 =item Decomposition and Composition
27870 C<$decomposed_string = decompose($string)>, C<$decomposed_string =
27871 decompose($string, $useCompatMapping)>, C<$reordered_string =
27872 reorder($string)>, C<$composed_string = compose($string)>
27876 C<$result = checkNFD($string)>, C<$result = checkNFC($string)>, C<$result =
27877 checkNFKD($string)>, C<$result = checkNFKC($string)>, C<$result =
27878 checkFCD($string)>, C<$result = checkFCC($string)>, C<$result =
27879 check($form_name, $string)>
27881 =item Character Data
27883 C<$canonical_decomposed = getCanon($codepoint)>,
27884 C<$compatibility_decomposed = getCompat($codepoint)>,
27885 C<$codepoint_composite = getComposite($codepoint_here, $codepoint_next)>,
27886 C<$combining_class = getCombinClass($codepoint)>, C<$is_exclusion =
27887 isExclusion($codepoint)>, C<$is_singleton = isSingleton($codepoint)>,
27888 C<$is_non_starter_decomposition = isNonStDecomp($codepoint)>,
27889 C<$may_be_composed_with_prev_char = isComp2nd($codepoint)>
27897 Perl's version vs. Unicode version, Correction of decomposition mapping,
27898 Revised definition of canonical composition
27904 http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr15/,
27905 http://www.unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/DerivedNormalizationProps.txt,
27906 http://www.unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/NormalizationCorrections.txt,
27907 http://www.unicode.org/review/pr-29.html, http://www.unicode.org/notes/tn5/
27911 =head2 Unicode::UCD - Unicode character database
27953 =item Blocks versus Scripts
27955 =item Matching Scripts and Blocks
27957 =item Code Point Arguments
27989 =item Unicode::UCD::UnicodeVersion
27995 =item Implementation Note
28007 =head2 User::grent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getgr*()
28022 =head2 User::pwent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getpw*()
28033 =item System Specifics
28047 =head2 XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code
28059 =item Migration from C<DynaLoader>
28061 =item Backward compatible boilerplate
28065 =item Order of initialization: early load()
28069 =item The most hairy case
28075 Can't find '%s' symbol in %s, Can't load '%s' for module %s: %s, Undefined
28076 symbols present after loading %s: %s, XSLoader::load('Your::Module',
28077 $Your::Module::VERSION)
28091 =head1 AUXILIARY DOCUMENTATION
28093 Here should be listed all the extra programs' documentation, but they
28094 don't all have manual pages yet:
28128 Larry Wall <F<larry@wall.org>>, with the help of oodles