2 # !!!!!!! DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE !!!!!!!
3 # This file is autogenerated by buildtoc from all the other pods.
4 # Edit those files and run buildtoc --build-toc to effect changes.
8 perltoc - perl documentation table of contents
12 This page provides a brief table of contents for the rest of the Perl
13 documentation set. It is meant to be scanned quickly or grepped
14 through to locate the proper section you're looking for.
16 =head1 BASIC DOCUMENTATION
18 =head2 perl - Practical Extraction and Report Language
30 =item Reference Manual
32 =item Internals and C Language Interface
36 =item Language-Specific
38 =item Platform-Specific
62 =head2 perlintro -- a brief introduction and overview of Perl
72 =item Running Perl programs
74 =item Basic syntax overview
76 =item Perl variable types
78 Scalars, Arrays, Hashes
80 =item Variable scoping
82 =item Conditional and looping constructs
84 if, while, for, foreach
86 =item Builtin operators and functions
88 Arithmetic, Numeric comparison, String comparison, Boolean logic,
93 =item Regular expressions
95 Simple matching, Simple substitution, More complex regular expressions,
96 Parentheses for capturing, Other regexp features
98 =item Writing subroutines
102 =item Using Perl modules
110 =head2 perlreftut - Mark's very short tutorial about references
116 =item Who Needs Complicated Data Structures?
124 =item Making References
126 =item Using References
144 =item Distribution Conditions
150 =head2 perldsc - Perl Data Structures Cookbook
156 arrays of arrays, hashes of arrays, arrays of hashes, hashes of hashes,
157 more elaborate constructs
161 =item COMMON MISTAKES
163 =item CAVEAT ON PRECEDENCE
165 =item WHY YOU SHOULD ALWAYS C<use strict>
171 =item ARRAYS OF ARRAYS
175 =item Declaration of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
177 =item Generation of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
179 =item Access and Printing of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
183 =item HASHES OF ARRAYS
187 =item Declaration of a HASH OF ARRAYS
189 =item Generation of a HASH OF ARRAYS
191 =item Access and Printing of a HASH OF ARRAYS
195 =item ARRAYS OF HASHES
199 =item Declaration of an ARRAY OF HASHES
201 =item Generation of an ARRAY OF HASHES
203 =item Access and Printing of an ARRAY OF HASHES
207 =item HASHES OF HASHES
211 =item Declaration of a HASH OF HASHES
213 =item Generation of a HASH OF HASHES
215 =item Access and Printing of a HASH OF HASHES
219 =item MORE ELABORATE RECORDS
223 =item Declaration of MORE ELABORATE RECORDS
225 =item Declaration of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS
227 =item Generation of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS
239 =head2 perllol - Manipulating Arrays of Arrays in Perl
247 =item Declaration and Access of Arrays of Arrays
249 =item Growing Your Own
251 =item Access and Printing
263 =head2 perlrequick - Perl regular expressions quick start
273 =item Simple word matching
275 =item Using character classes
277 =item Matching this or that
279 =item Grouping things and hierarchical matching
281 =item Extracting matches
283 =item Matching repetitions
287 =item Search and replace
289 =item The split operator
297 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
301 =item Acknowledgments
307 =head2 perlretut - Perl regular expressions tutorial
313 =item Part 1: The basics
317 =item Simple word matching
319 =item Using character classes
321 =item Matching this or that
323 =item Grouping things and hierarchical matching
325 =item Extracting matches
327 =item Matching repetitions
329 =item Building a regexp
331 =item Using regular expressions in Perl
335 =item Part 2: Power tools
339 =item More on characters, strings, and character classes
341 =item Compiling and saving regular expressions
343 =item Embedding comments and modifiers in a regular expression
345 =item Non-capturing groupings
347 =item Looking ahead and looking behind
349 =item Using independent subexpressions to prevent backtracking
351 =item Conditional expressions
353 =item A bit of magic: executing Perl code in a regular expression
355 =item Pragmas and debugging
363 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
367 =item Acknowledgments
373 =head2 perlboot - Beginner's Object-Oriented Tutorial
381 =item If we could talk to the animals...
383 =item Introducing the method invocation arrow
385 =item Invoking a barnyard
387 =item The extra parameter of method invocation
389 =item Calling a second method to simplify things
391 =item Inheriting the windpipes
393 =item A few notes about @ISA
395 =item Overriding the methods
397 =item Starting the search from a different place
399 =item The SUPER way of doing things
401 =item Where we're at so far...
403 =item A horse is a horse, of course of course -- or is it?
405 =item Invoking an instance method
407 =item Accessing the instance data
409 =item How to build a horse
411 =item Inheriting the constructor
413 =item Making a method work with either classes or instances
415 =item Adding parameters to a method
417 =item More interesting instances
419 =item A horse of a different color
431 =head2 perltoot - Tom's object-oriented tutorial for perl
437 =item Creating a Class
441 =item Object Representation
443 =item Class Interface
445 =item Constructors and Instance Methods
447 =item Planning for the Future: Better Constructors
451 =item Other Object Methods
459 =item Accessing Class Data
461 =item Debugging Methods
463 =item Class Destructors
465 =item Documenting the Interface
475 =item Overridden Methods
477 =item Multiple Inheritance
479 =item UNIVERSAL: The Root of All Objects
483 =item Alternate Object Representations
487 =item Arrays as Objects
489 =item Closures as Objects
493 =item AUTOLOAD: Proxy Methods
497 =item Autoloaded Data Methods
499 =item Inherited Autoloaded Data Methods
503 =item Metaclassical Tools
509 =item Data Members as Variables
517 =item Object Terminology
523 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
529 =item Acknowledgments
535 =head2 perltooc - Tom's OO Tutorial for Class Data in Perl
541 =item Class Data in a Can
543 =item Class Data as Package Variables
547 =item Putting All Your Eggs in One Basket
549 =item Inheritance Concerns
551 =item The Eponymous Meta-Object
553 =item Indirect References to Class Data
555 =item Monadic Classes
557 =item Translucent Attributes
561 =item Class Data as Lexical Variables
565 =item Privacy and Responsibility
567 =item File-Scoped Lexicals
569 =item More Inheritance Concerns
571 =item Locking the Door and Throwing Away the Key
573 =item Translucency Revisited
581 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
583 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
589 =head2 perlbot - Bag'o Object Tricks (the BOT)
595 =item OO SCALING TIPS
597 =item INSTANCE VARIABLES
599 =item SCALAR INSTANCE VARIABLES
601 =item INSTANCE VARIABLE INHERITANCE
603 =item OBJECT RELATIONSHIPS
605 =item OVERRIDING SUPERCLASS METHODS
607 =item USING RELATIONSHIP WITH SDBM
609 =item THINKING OF CODE REUSE
611 =item CLASS CONTEXT AND THE OBJECT
613 =item INHERITING A CONSTRUCTOR
621 =head2 perlstyle - Perl style guide
629 =head2 perlcheat - Perl 5 Cheat Sheet
641 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
649 =head2 perltrap - Perl traps for the unwary
667 =item Perl4 to Perl5 Traps
669 Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps, Parsing Traps, Numerical
670 Traps, General data type traps, Context Traps - scalar, list contexts,
671 Precedence Traps, General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc,
672 Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps, OS Traps, DBM Traps, Unclassified Traps
674 =item Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps
676 Symbols starting with "_" no longer forced into main, Double-colon valid
677 package separator in variable name, 2nd and 3rd args to C<splice()> are now
678 in scalar context, Can't do C<goto> into a block that is optimized away,
679 Can't use whitespace as variable name or quote delimiter, C<while/if BLOCK
680 BLOCK> gone, C<**> binds tighter than unary minus, C<foreach> changed when
681 iterating over a list, C<split> with no args behavior changed, B<-e>
682 behavior fixed, C<push> returns number of elements in resulting list, Some
683 error messages differ, C<split()> honors subroutine args, Bugs removed
687 Space between . and = triggers syntax error, Better parsing in perl 5,
688 Function parsing, String interpolation of C<$#array> differs, Perl guesses
689 on C<map>, C<grep> followed by C<{> if it starts BLOCK or hash ref
691 =item Numerical Traps
693 Formatted output and significant digits, Auto-increment operator over
694 signed int limit deleted, Assignment of return values from numeric equality
695 tests doesn't work, Bitwise string ops
697 =item General data type traps
699 Negative array subscripts now count from the end of array, Setting
700 C<$#array> lower now discards array elements, Hashes get defined before
701 use, Glob assignment from localized variable to variable, Assigning
702 C<undef> to glob, Changes in unary negation (of strings), Modifying of
703 constants prohibited, C<defined $var> behavior changed, Variable Suicide
705 =item Context Traps - scalar, list contexts
707 Elements of argument lists for formats evaluated in list context,
708 C<caller()> returns false value in scalar context if no caller present,
709 Comma operator in scalar context gives scalar context to args, C<sprintf()>
710 prototyped as C<($;@)>
712 =item Precedence Traps
714 LHS vs. RHS of any assignment operator, Semantic errors introduced due to
715 precedence, Precedence of assignment operators same as the precedence of
716 assignment, C<open> requires parentheses around filehandle, C<$:>
717 precedence over C<$::> gone, Precedence of file test operators documented,
718 C<keys>, C<each>, C<values> are regular named unary operators
720 =item General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc.
722 C<s'$lhs'$rhs'> interpolates on either side, C<m//g> attaches its state to
723 the searched string, C<m//o> used within an anonymous sub, C<$+> isn't set
724 to whole match, Substitution now returns null string if it fails,
725 C<s`lhs`rhs`> is now a normal substitution, Stricter parsing of variables
726 in regular expressions, C<m?x?> matches only once, Failed matches don't
727 reset the match variables
729 =item Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps
731 Barewords that used to look like strings look like subroutine calls,
732 Reverse is no longer allowed as the name of a sort subroutine, C<warn()>
733 won't let you specify a filehandle
737 SysV resets signal handler correctly, SysV C<seek()> appends correctly
739 =item Interpolation Traps
741 C<@> always interpolates an array in double-quotish strings, Double-quoted
742 strings may no longer end with an unescaped $, Arbitrary expressions are
743 evaluated inside braces within double quotes, C<$$x> now tries to
744 dereference $x, Creation of hashes on the fly with C<eval "EXPR"> requires
745 protection, Bugs in earlier perl versions, Array and hash brackets during
746 interpolation, Interpolation of C<\$$foo{bar}>, C<qq()> string passed to
747 C<eval> will not find string terminator
751 Perl5 must have been linked with same dbm/ndbm as the default for
752 C<dbmopen()>, DBM exceeding limit on the key/value size will cause perl5 to
755 =item Unclassified Traps
757 C<require>/C<do> trap using returned value, C<split> on empty string with
764 =head2 perldebtut - Perl debugging tutorial
772 =item Looking at data and -w and v
776 =item Stepping through code
778 =item Placeholder for a, w, t, T
780 =item REGULAR EXPRESSIONS
798 =head2 perlfaq - frequently asked questions about Perl ($Date: 2005/03/27
807 =item Where to get the perlfaq
809 =item How to contribute to the perlfaq
811 =item What will happen if you mail your Perl programming problems to the
818 =item Author and Copyright Information
822 =item Bundled Distributions
828 =item Table of Contents
830 perlfaq - this document, perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl, perlfaq2
831 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl, perlfaq3 - Programming Tools, perlfaq4
832 - Data Manipulation, perlfaq5 - Files and Formats, perlfaq6 - Regular
833 Expressions, perlfaq7 - General Perl Language Issues, perlfaq8 - System
834 Interaction, perlfaq9 - Networking
840 =item L<perlfaq1>: General Questions About Perl
842 =item L<perlfaq2>: Obtaining and Learning about Perl
844 =item L<perlfaq3>: Programming Tools
846 =item L<perlfaq4>: Data Manipulation
848 =item L<perlfaq5>: Files and Formats
850 =item L<perlfaq6>: Regular Expressions
852 =item L<perlfaq7>: General Perl Language Issues
854 =item L<perlfaq8>: System Interaction
856 =item L<perlfaq9>: Networking
862 =head2 perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl ($Revision: 1.18 $, $Date:
863 2005/04/01 16:15:25 $)
873 =item Who supports Perl? Who develops it? Why is it free?
875 =item Which version of Perl should I use?
877 =item What are perl4, perl5, or perl6?
883 =item How stable is Perl?
885 =item Is Perl difficult to learn?
887 =item How does Perl compare with other languages like Java, Python, REXX,
890 =item Can I do [task] in Perl?
892 =item When shouldn't I program in Perl?
894 =item What's the difference between "perl" and "Perl"?
896 =item Is it a Perl program or a Perl script?
898 =item What is a JAPH?
900 =item Where can I get a list of Larry Wall witticisms?
902 =item How can I convince my sysadmin/supervisor/employees to use version
903 5/5.6.1/Perl instead of some other language?
907 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
911 =head2 perlfaq2 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl ($Revision: 1.32 $,
912 $Date: 2005/04/22 19:04:48 $)
920 =item What machines support Perl? Where do I get it?
922 =item How can I get a binary version of Perl?
924 =item I don't have a C compiler on my system. How can I compile perl?
926 =item I copied the Perl binary from one machine to another, but scripts
929 =item I grabbed the sources and tried to compile but gdbm/dynamic
930 loading/malloc/linking/... failed. How do I make it work?
932 =item What modules and extensions are available for Perl? What is CPAN?
933 What does CPAN/src/... mean?
935 =item Is there an ISO or ANSI certified version of Perl?
937 =item Where can I get information on Perl?
939 =item What are the Perl newsgroups on Usenet? Where do I post questions?
941 =item Where should I post source code?
945 References, Tutorials, Task-Oriented, Special Topics
947 =item Perl in Magazines
949 =item Perl on the Net: FTP and WWW Access
951 =item What mailing lists are there for Perl?
953 =item Archives of comp.lang.perl.misc
955 =item Where can I buy a commercial version of Perl?
957 =item Where do I send bug reports?
959 =item What is perl.com? Perl Mongers? pm.org? perl.org? cpan.org?
963 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
967 =head2 perlfaq3 - Programming Tools ($Revision: 1.48 $, $Date: 2005/04/22
976 =item How do I do (anything)?
978 =item How can I use Perl interactively?
980 =item Is there a Perl shell?
982 =item How do I find which modules are installed on my system?
984 =item How do I debug my Perl programs?
986 =item How do I profile my Perl programs?
988 =item How do I cross-reference my Perl programs?
990 =item Is there a pretty-printer (formatter) for Perl?
992 =item Is there a ctags for Perl?
994 =item Is there an IDE or Windows Perl Editor?
996 Eclipse, Komodo, Open Perl IDE, OptiPerl, PerlBuilder, visiPerl+, Visual
997 Perl, GNU Emacs, MicroEMACS, XEmacs, Jed, Elvis, Vile, Vim, Codewright,
998 MultiEdit, SlickEdit, Bash, Ksh, Tcsh, Zsh, Affrus, Alpha, BBEdit and
1001 =item Where can I get Perl macros for vi?
1003 =item Where can I get perl-mode for emacs?
1005 =item How can I use curses with Perl?
1007 =item How can I use X or Tk with Perl?
1009 =item How can I make my Perl program run faster?
1011 =item How can I make my Perl program take less memory?
1013 Don't slurp!, Use map and grep selectively, Avoid unnecessary quotes and
1014 stringification, Pass by reference, Tie large variables to disk
1016 =item Is it safe to return a reference to local or lexical data?
1018 =item How can I free an array or hash so my program shrinks?
1020 =item How can I make my CGI script more efficient?
1022 =item How can I hide the source for my Perl program?
1024 =item How can I compile my Perl program into byte code or C?
1026 =item How can I compile Perl into Java?
1028 =item How can I get C<#!perl> to work on [MS-DOS,NT,...]?
1030 =item Can I write useful Perl programs on the command line?
1032 =item Why don't Perl one-liners work on my DOS/Mac/VMS system?
1034 =item Where can I learn about CGI or Web programming in Perl?
1036 =item Where can I learn about object-oriented Perl programming?
1038 =item Where can I learn about linking C with Perl? [h2xs, xsubpp]
1040 =item I've read perlembed, perlguts, etc., but I can't embed perl in my C
1041 program; what am I doing wrong?
1043 =item When I tried to run my script, I got this message. What does it mean?
1045 =item What's MakeMaker?
1049 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1053 =head2 perlfaq4 - Data Manipulation ($Revision: 1.64 $, $Date: 2005/04/27
1064 =item Why am I getting long decimals (eg, 19.9499999999999) instead of the
1065 numbers I should be getting (eg, 19.95)?
1067 =item Why is int() broken?
1069 =item Why isn't my octal data interpreted correctly?
1071 =item Does Perl have a round() function? What about ceil() and floor()?
1074 =item How do I convert between numeric representations/bases/radixes?
1076 How do I convert hexadecimal into decimal, How do I convert from decimal to
1077 hexadecimal, How do I convert from octal to decimal, How do I convert from
1078 decimal to octal, How do I convert from binary to decimal, How do I convert
1079 from decimal to binary
1081 =item Why doesn't & work the way I want it to?
1083 =item How do I multiply matrices?
1085 =item How do I perform an operation on a series of integers?
1087 =item How can I output Roman numerals?
1089 =item Why aren't my random numbers random?
1091 =item How do I get a random number between X and Y?
1099 =item How do I find the day or week of the year?
1101 =item How do I find the current century or millennium?
1103 =item How can I compare two dates and find the difference?
1105 =item How can I take a string and turn it into epoch seconds?
1107 =item How can I find the Julian Day?
1109 =item How do I find yesterday's date?
1111 =item Does Perl have a Year 2000 problem? Is Perl Y2K compliant?
1119 =item How do I validate input?
1121 =item How do I unescape a string?
1123 =item How do I remove consecutive pairs of characters?
1125 =item How do I expand function calls in a string?
1127 =item How do I find matching/nesting anything?
1129 =item How do I reverse a string?
1131 =item How do I expand tabs in a string?
1133 =item How do I reformat a paragraph?
1135 =item How can I access or change N characters of a string?
1137 =item How do I change the Nth occurrence of something?
1139 =item How can I count the number of occurrences of a substring within a
1142 =item How do I capitalize all the words on one line?
1144 =item How can I split a [character] delimited string except when inside
1147 =item How do I strip blank space from the beginning/end of a string?
1149 =item How do I pad a string with blanks or pad a number with zeroes?
1151 =item How do I extract selected columns from a string?
1153 =item How do I find the soundex value of a string?
1155 =item How can I expand variables in text strings?
1157 =item What's wrong with always quoting "$vars"?
1159 =item Why don't my E<lt>E<lt>HERE documents work?
1161 There must be no space after the E<lt>E<lt> part, There (probably) should
1162 be a semicolon at the end, You can't (easily) have any space in front of
1171 =item What is the difference between a list and an array?
1173 =item What is the difference between $array[1] and @array[1]?
1175 =item How can I remove duplicate elements from a list or array?
1177 =item How can I tell whether a certain element is contained in a list or
1180 =item How do I compute the difference of two arrays? How do I compute the
1181 intersection of two arrays?
1183 =item How do I test whether two arrays or hashes are equal?
1185 =item How do I find the first array element for which a condition is true?
1187 =item How do I handle linked lists?
1189 =item How do I handle circular lists?
1191 =item How do I shuffle an array randomly?
1193 =item How do I process/modify each element of an array?
1195 =item How do I select a random element from an array?
1197 =item How do I permute N elements of a list?
1199 =item How do I sort an array by (anything)?
1201 =item How do I manipulate arrays of bits?
1203 =item Why does defined() return true on empty arrays and hashes?
1207 =item Data: Hashes (Associative Arrays)
1211 =item How do I process an entire hash?
1213 =item What happens if I add or remove keys from a hash while iterating over
1216 =item How do I look up a hash element by value?
1218 =item How can I know how many entries are in a hash?
1220 =item How do I sort a hash (optionally by value instead of key)?
1222 =item How can I always keep my hash sorted?
1224 =item What's the difference between "delete" and "undef" with hashes?
1226 =item Why don't my tied hashes make the defined/exists distinction?
1228 =item How do I reset an each() operation part-way through?
1230 =item How can I get the unique keys from two hashes?
1232 =item How can I store a multidimensional array in a DBM file?
1234 =item How can I make my hash remember the order I put elements into it?
1236 =item Why does passing a subroutine an undefined element in a hash create
1239 =item How can I make the Perl equivalent of a C structure/C++ class/hash or
1240 array of hashes or arrays?
1242 =item How can I use a reference as a hash key?
1250 =item How do I handle binary data correctly?
1252 =item How do I determine whether a scalar is a number/whole/integer/float?
1254 =item How do I keep persistent data across program calls?
1256 =item How do I print out or copy a recursive data structure?
1258 =item How do I define methods for every class/object?
1260 =item How do I verify a credit card checksum?
1262 =item How do I pack arrays of doubles or floats for XS code?
1266 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1270 =head2 perlfaq5 - Files and Formats ($Revision: 1.36 $, $Date: 2005/04/22
1279 =item How do I flush/unbuffer an output filehandle? Why must I do this?
1281 =item How do I change one line in a file/delete a line in a file/insert a
1282 line in the middle of a file/append to the beginning of a file?
1284 =item How do I count the number of lines in a file?
1286 =item How can I use Perl's C<-i> option from within a program?
1288 =item How can I copy a file?
1290 =item How do I make a temporary file name?
1292 =item How can I manipulate fixed-record-length files?
1294 =item How can I make a filehandle local to a subroutine? How do I pass
1295 filehandles between subroutines? How do I make an array of filehandles?
1297 =item How can I use a filehandle indirectly?
1299 =item How can I set up a footer format to be used with write()?
1301 =item How can I write() into a string?
1303 =item How can I output my numbers with commas added?
1305 =item How can I translate tildes (~) in a filename?
1307 =item How come when I open a file read-write it wipes it out?
1309 =item Why do I sometimes get an "Argument list too long" when I use
1312 =item Is there a leak/bug in glob()?
1314 =item How can I open a file with a leading ">" or trailing blanks?
1316 =item How can I reliably rename a file?
1318 =item How can I lock a file?
1320 =item Why can't I just open(FH, "E<gt>file.lock")?
1322 =item I still don't get locking. I just want to increment the number in
1323 the file. How can I do this?
1325 =item All I want to do is append a small amount of text to the end of a
1326 file. Do I still have to use locking?
1328 =item How do I randomly update a binary file?
1330 =item How do I get a file's timestamp in perl?
1332 =item How do I set a file's timestamp in perl?
1334 =item How do I print to more than one file at once?
1336 =item How can I read in an entire file all at once?
1338 =item How can I read in a file by paragraphs?
1340 =item How can I read a single character from a file? From the keyboard?
1342 =item How can I tell whether there's a character waiting on a filehandle?
1344 =item How do I do a C<tail -f> in perl?
1346 =item How do I dup() a filehandle in Perl?
1348 =item How do I close a file descriptor by number?
1350 =item Why can't I use "C:\temp\foo" in DOS paths? Why doesn't
1351 `C:\temp\foo.exe` work?
1353 =item Why doesn't glob("*.*") get all the files?
1355 =item Why does Perl let me delete read-only files? Why does C<-i> clobber
1356 protected files? Isn't this a bug in Perl?
1358 =item How do I select a random line from a file?
1360 =item Why do I get weird spaces when I print an array of lines?
1364 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1368 =head2 perlfaq6 - Regular Expressions ($Revision: 1.32 $, $Date: 2005/04/22
1377 =item How can I hope to use regular expressions without creating illegible
1378 and unmaintainable code?
1380 Comments Outside the Regex, Comments Inside the Regex, Different Delimiters
1382 =item I'm having trouble matching over more than one line. What's wrong?
1384 =item How can I pull out lines between two patterns that are themselves on
1387 =item I put a regular expression into $/ but it didn't work. What's wrong?
1389 =item How do I substitute case insensitively on the LHS while preserving
1392 =item How can I make C<\w> match national character sets?
1394 =item How can I match a locale-smart version of C</[a-zA-Z]/>?
1396 =item How can I quote a variable to use in a regex?
1398 =item What is C</o> really for?
1400 =item How do I use a regular expression to strip C style comments from a
1403 =item Can I use Perl regular expressions to match balanced text?
1405 =item What does it mean that regexes are greedy? How can I get around it?
1407 =item How do I process each word on each line?
1409 =item How can I print out a word-frequency or line-frequency summary?
1411 =item How can I do approximate matching?
1413 =item How do I efficiently match many regular expressions at once?
1415 =item Why don't word-boundary searches with C<\b> work for me?
1417 =item Why does using $&, $`, or $' slow my program down?
1419 =item What good is C<\G> in a regular expression?
1421 =item Are Perl regexes DFAs or NFAs? Are they POSIX compliant?
1423 =item What's wrong with using grep in a void context?
1425 =item How can I match strings with multibyte characters?
1427 =item How do I match a pattern that is supplied by the user?
1431 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1435 =head2 perlfaq7 - General Perl Language Issues ($Revision: 1.23 $, $Date:
1436 2005/04/07 21:39:34 $)
1444 =item Can I get a BNF/yacc/RE for the Perl language?
1446 =item What are all these $@%&* punctuation signs, and how do I know when to
1449 =item Do I always/never have to quote my strings or use semicolons and
1452 =item How do I skip some return values?
1454 =item How do I temporarily block warnings?
1456 =item What's an extension?
1458 =item Why do Perl operators have different precedence than C operators?
1460 =item How do I declare/create a structure?
1462 =item How do I create a module?
1464 =item How do I create a class?
1466 =item How can I tell if a variable is tainted?
1468 =item What's a closure?
1470 =item What is variable suicide and how can I prevent it?
1472 =item How can I pass/return a {Function, FileHandle, Array, Hash, Method,
1475 Passing Variables and Functions, Passing Filehandles, Passing Regexes,
1478 =item How do I create a static variable?
1480 =item What's the difference between dynamic and lexical (static) scoping?
1481 Between local() and my()?
1483 =item How can I access a dynamic variable while a similarly named lexical
1486 =item What's the difference between deep and shallow binding?
1488 =item Why doesn't "my($foo) = E<lt>FILEE<gt>;" work right?
1490 =item How do I redefine a builtin function, operator, or method?
1492 =item What's the difference between calling a function as &foo and foo()?
1494 =item How do I create a switch or case statement?
1496 =item How can I catch accesses to undefined variables, functions, or
1499 =item Why can't a method included in this same file be found?
1501 =item How can I find out my current package?
1503 =item How can I comment out a large block of perl code?
1505 =item How do I clear a package?
1507 =item How can I use a variable as a variable name?
1509 =item What does "bad interpreter" mean?
1513 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1517 =head2 perlfaq8 - System Interaction ($Revision: 1.24 $, $Date: 2005/04/22
1526 =item How do I find out which operating system I'm running under?
1528 =item How come exec() doesn't return?
1530 =item How do I do fancy stuff with the keyboard/screen/mouse?
1532 Keyboard, Screen, Mouse
1534 =item How do I print something out in color?
1536 =item How do I read just one key without waiting for a return key?
1538 =item How do I check whether input is ready on the keyboard?
1540 =item How do I clear the screen?
1542 =item How do I get the screen size?
1544 =item How do I ask the user for a password?
1546 =item How do I read and write the serial port?
1548 lockfiles, open mode, end of line, flushing output, non-blocking input
1550 =item How do I decode encrypted password files?
1552 =item How do I start a process in the background?
1554 STDIN, STDOUT, and STDERR are shared, Signals, Zombies
1556 =item How do I trap control characters/signals?
1558 =item How do I modify the shadow password file on a Unix system?
1560 =item How do I set the time and date?
1562 =item How can I sleep() or alarm() for under a second?
1564 =item How can I measure time under a second?
1566 =item How can I do an atexit() or setjmp()/longjmp()? (Exception handling)
1568 =item Why doesn't my sockets program work under System V (Solaris)? What
1569 does the error message "Protocol not supported" mean?
1571 =item How can I call my system's unique C functions from Perl?
1573 =item Where do I get the include files to do ioctl() or syscall()?
1575 =item Why do setuid perl scripts complain about kernel problems?
1577 =item How can I open a pipe both to and from a command?
1579 =item Why can't I get the output of a command with system()?
1581 =item How can I capture STDERR from an external command?
1583 =item Why doesn't open() return an error when a pipe open fails?
1585 =item What's wrong with using backticks in a void context?
1587 =item How can I call backticks without shell processing?
1589 =item Why can't my script read from STDIN after I gave it EOF (^D on Unix,
1592 =item How can I convert my shell script to perl?
1594 =item Can I use perl to run a telnet or ftp session?
1596 =item How can I write expect in Perl?
1598 =item Is there a way to hide perl's command line from programs such as
1601 =item I {changed directory, modified my environment} in a perl script. How
1602 come the change disappeared when I exited the script? How do I get my
1603 changes to be visible?
1607 =item How do I close a process's filehandle without waiting for it to
1610 =item How do I fork a daemon process?
1612 =item How do I find out if I'm running interactively or not?
1614 =item How do I timeout a slow event?
1616 =item How do I set CPU limits?
1618 =item How do I avoid zombies on a Unix system?
1620 =item How do I use an SQL database?
1622 =item How do I make a system() exit on control-C?
1624 =item How do I open a file without blocking?
1626 =item How do I tell the difference between errors from the shell and perl?
1628 =item How do I install a module from CPAN?
1630 =item What's the difference between require and use?
1632 =item How do I keep my own module/library directory?
1634 =item How do I add the directory my program lives in to the module/library
1637 =item How do I add a directory to my include path (@INC) at runtime?
1639 =item What is socket.ph and where do I get it?
1643 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1647 =head2 perlfaq9 - Networking ($Revision: 1.21 $, $Date: 2005/04/22 19:04:48
1656 =item What is the correct form of response from a CGI script?
1658 =item My CGI script runs from the command line but not the browser. (500
1661 =item How can I get better error messages from a CGI program?
1663 =item How do I remove HTML from a string?
1665 =item How do I extract URLs?
1667 =item How do I download a file from the user's machine? How do I open a
1668 file on another machine?
1670 =item How do I make a pop-up menu in HTML?
1672 =item How do I fetch an HTML file?
1674 =item How do I automate an HTML form submission?
1676 =item How do I decode or create those %-encodings on the web?
1678 =item How do I redirect to another page?
1680 =item How do I put a password on my web pages?
1682 =item How do I edit my .htpasswd and .htgroup files with Perl?
1684 =item How do I make sure users can't enter values into a form that cause my
1685 CGI script to do bad things?
1687 =item How do I parse a mail header?
1689 =item How do I decode a CGI form?
1691 =item How do I check a valid mail address?
1693 =item How do I decode a MIME/BASE64 string?
1695 =item How do I return the user's mail address?
1697 =item How do I send mail?
1699 =item How do I use MIME to make an attachment to a mail message?
1701 =item How do I read mail?
1703 =item How do I find out my hostname/domainname/IP address?
1705 =item How do I fetch a news article or the active newsgroups?
1707 =item How do I fetch/put an FTP file?
1709 =item How can I do RPC in Perl?
1713 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1717 =head2 perlsyn - Perl syntax
1729 =item Simple Statements
1731 =item Truth and Falsehood
1733 =item Statement Modifiers
1735 =item Compound Statements
1743 =item Basic BLOCKs and Switch Statements
1747 =item PODs: Embedded Documentation
1749 =item Plain Old Comments (Not!)
1755 =head2 perldata - Perl data types
1763 =item Variable names
1769 =item Scalar value constructors
1771 =item List value constructors
1777 =item Typeglobs and Filehandles
1785 =head2 perlop - Perl operators and precedence
1793 =item Operator Precedence and Associativity
1795 =item Terms and List Operators (Leftward)
1797 =item The Arrow Operator
1799 =item Auto-increment and Auto-decrement
1801 =item Exponentiation
1803 =item Symbolic Unary Operators
1805 =item Binding Operators
1807 =item Multiplicative Operators
1809 =item Additive Operators
1811 =item Shift Operators
1813 =item Named Unary Operators
1815 =item Relational Operators
1817 =item Equality Operators
1821 =item Bitwise Or and Exclusive Or
1823 =item C-style Logical And
1825 =item C-style Logical Or
1827 =item C-style Logical Defined-Or
1829 =item Range Operators
1831 =item Conditional Operator
1833 =item Assignment Operators
1835 =item Comma Operator
1837 =item List Operators (Rightward)
1843 =item Logical or, Defined or, and Exclusive Or
1845 =item C Operators Missing From Perl
1847 unary &, unary *, (TYPE)
1849 =item Quote and Quote-like Operators
1851 =item Regexp Quote-Like Operators
1853 ?PATTERN?, m/PATTERN/cgimosx, /PATTERN/cgimosx, q/STRING/, C<'STRING'>,
1854 qq/STRING/, "STRING", qr/STRING/imosx, qx/STRING/, `STRING`, qw/STRING/,
1855 s/PATTERN/REPLACEMENT/egimosx, tr/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds,
1856 y/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds, <<EOF
1858 =item Gory details of parsing quoted constructs
1860 Finding the end, Removal of backslashes before delimiters, Interpolation,
1861 C<<<'EOF'>, C<m''>, C<s'''>, C<tr///>, C<y///>, C<''>, C<q//>, C<"">,
1862 C<``>, C<qq//>, C<qx//>, C<< <file*glob> >>, C<?RE?>, C</RE/>, C<m/RE/>,
1863 C<s/RE/foo/>,, Interpolation of regular expressions, Optimization of
1868 =item Constant Folding
1872 =item Bitwise String Operators
1874 =item Integer Arithmetic
1876 =item Floating-point Arithmetic
1878 =item Bigger Numbers
1884 =head2 perlsub - Perl subroutines
1894 =item Private Variables via my()
1896 =item Persistent Private Variables
1898 =item Temporary Values via local()
1900 =item Lvalue subroutines
1902 Lvalue subroutines are EXPERIMENTAL
1904 =item Passing Symbol Table Entries (typeglobs)
1906 =item When to Still Use local()
1908 =item Pass by Reference
1912 =item Constant Functions
1914 =item Overriding Built-in Functions
1918 =item Subroutine Attributes
1926 =head2 perlfunc - Perl builtin functions
1934 =item Perl Functions by Category
1936 Functions for SCALARs or strings, Regular expressions and pattern matching,
1937 Numeric functions, Functions for real @ARRAYs, Functions for list data,
1938 Functions for real %HASHes, Input and output functions, Functions for fixed
1939 length data or records, Functions for filehandles, files, or directories,
1940 Keywords related to the control flow of your perl program, Keywords related
1941 to scoping, Miscellaneous functions, Functions for processes and process
1942 groups, Keywords related to perl modules, Keywords related to classes and
1943 object-orientedness, Low-level socket functions, System V interprocess
1944 communication functions, Fetching user and group info, Fetching network
1945 info, Time-related functions, Functions new in perl5, Functions obsoleted
1950 =item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions
1952 -I<X> FILEHANDLE, -I<X> EXPR, -I<X>, abs VALUE, abs, accept
1953 NEWSOCKET,GENERICSOCKET, alarm SECONDS, alarm, atan2 Y,X, bind SOCKET,NAME,
1954 binmode FILEHANDLE, LAYER, binmode FILEHANDLE, bless REF,CLASSNAME, bless
1955 REF, caller EXPR, caller, chdir EXPR, chmod LIST, chomp VARIABLE, chomp(
1956 LIST ), chomp, chop VARIABLE, chop( LIST ), chop, chown LIST, chr NUMBER,
1957 chr, chroot FILENAME, chroot, close FILEHANDLE, close, closedir DIRHANDLE,
1958 connect SOCKET,NAME, continue BLOCK, cos EXPR, cos, crypt PLAINTEXT,SALT,
1959 dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MASK, defined EXPR, defined, delete
1960 EXPR, die LIST, do BLOCK, do SUBROUTINE(LIST), do EXPR, dump LABEL, dump,
1961 each HASH, eof FILEHANDLE, eof (), eof, eval EXPR, eval BLOCK, exec LIST,
1962 exec PROGRAM LIST, exists EXPR, exit EXPR, exp EXPR, exp, fcntl
1963 FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, fileno FILEHANDLE, flock FILEHANDLE,OPERATION,
1964 fork, format, formline PICTURE,LIST, getc FILEHANDLE, getc, getlogin,
1965 getpeername SOCKET, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority WHICH,WHO, getpwnam
1966 NAME, getgrnam NAME, gethostbyname NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getprotobyname
1967 NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getservbyname NAME,PROTO, gethostbyaddr
1968 ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER,
1969 getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent, gethostent, getnetent,
1970 getprotoent, getservent, setpwent, setgrent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent
1971 STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent,
1972 endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent, endservent, getsockname SOCKET,
1973 getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, glob, gmtime EXPR, goto LABEL,
1974 goto EXPR, goto &NAME, grep BLOCK LIST, grep EXPR,LIST, hex EXPR, hex,
1975 import, index STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, index STR,SUBSTR, int EXPR, int, ioctl
1976 FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, join EXPR,LIST, keys HASH, kill SIGNAL, LIST,
1977 last LABEL, last, lc EXPR, lc, lcfirst EXPR, lcfirst, length EXPR, length,
1978 link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, listen SOCKET,QUEUESIZE, local EXPR, localtime EXPR,
1979 localtime, lock THING, log EXPR, log, lstat EXPR, lstat, m//, map BLOCK
1980 LIST, map EXPR,LIST, mkdir FILENAME,MASK, mkdir FILENAME, mkdir, msgctl
1981 ID,CMD,ARG, msgget KEY,FLAGS, msgrcv ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, msgsnd
1982 ID,MSG,FLAGS, my EXPR, my TYPE EXPR, my EXPR : ATTRS, my TYPE EXPR : ATTRS,
1983 next LABEL, next, no Module VERSION LIST, no Module VERSION, no Module
1984 LIST, no Module, oct EXPR, oct, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open
1985 FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR,LIST, open
1986 FILEHANDLE,MODE,REFERENCE, open FILEHANDLE, opendir DIRHANDLE,EXPR, ord
1987 EXPR, ord, our EXPR, our EXPR TYPE, our EXPR : ATTRS, our TYPE EXPR :
1988 ATTRS, pack TEMPLATE,LIST, package NAMESPACE, package, pipe
1989 READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, pop ARRAY, pop, pos SCALAR, pos, print FILEHANDLE
1990 LIST, print LIST, print, printf FILEHANDLE FORMAT, LIST, printf FORMAT,
1991 LIST, prototype FUNCTION, push ARRAY,LIST, q/STRING/, qq/STRING/,
1992 qr/STRING/, qx/STRING/, qw/STRING/, quotemeta EXPR, quotemeta, rand EXPR,
1993 rand, read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,
1994 readdir DIRHANDLE, readline EXPR, readlink EXPR, readlink, readpipe EXPR,
1995 recv SOCKET,SCALAR,LENGTH,FLAGS, redo LABEL, redo, ref EXPR, ref, rename
1996 OLDNAME,NEWNAME, require VERSION, require EXPR, require, reset EXPR, reset,
1997 return EXPR, return, reverse LIST, rewinddir DIRHANDLE, rindex
1998 STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, rindex STR,SUBSTR, rmdir FILENAME, rmdir, s///, scalar
1999 EXPR, seek FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, seekdir DIRHANDLE,POS, select
2000 FILEHANDLE, select, select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, semctl
2001 ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, send
2002 SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS,TO, send SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS, setpgrp PID,PGRP, setpriority
2003 WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shift ARRAY,
2004 shift, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS, shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE,
2005 shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, shutdown SOCKET,HOW, sin EXPR, sin, sleep
2006 EXPR, sleep, socket SOCKET,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, socketpair
2007 SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, sort SUBNAME LIST, sort BLOCK LIST,
2008 sort LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,
2009 splice ARRAY,OFFSET, splice ARRAY, split /PATTERN/,EXPR,LIMIT, split
2010 /PATTERN/,EXPR, split /PATTERN/, split, sprintf FORMAT, LIST, format
2011 parameter index, flags, vector flag, (minimum) width, precision, or maximum
2012 width, size, order of arguments, sqrt EXPR, sqrt, srand EXPR, srand, stat
2013 FILEHANDLE, stat EXPR, stat, study SCALAR, study, sub NAME BLOCK, sub NAME
2014 (PROTO) BLOCK, sub NAME : ATTRS BLOCK, sub NAME (PROTO) : ATTRS BLOCK,
2015 substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH,REPLACEMENT, substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH, substr
2016 EXPR,OFFSET, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall NUMBER, LIST, sysopen
2017 FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE, sysopen FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, sysread
2018 FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, sysread FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, sysseek
2019 FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, system LIST, system PROGRAM LIST, syswrite
2020 FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,
2021 syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR, tell FILEHANDLE, tell, telldir DIRHANDLE, tie
2022 VARIABLE,CLASSNAME,LIST, tied VARIABLE, time, times, tr///, truncate
2023 FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, uc EXPR, uc, ucfirst EXPR,
2024 ucfirst, umask EXPR, umask, undef EXPR, undef, unlink LIST, unlink, unpack
2025 TEMPLATE,EXPR, unpack TEMPLATE, untie VARIABLE, unshift ARRAY,LIST, use
2026 Module VERSION LIST, use Module VERSION, use Module LIST, use Module, use
2027 VERSION, utime LIST, values HASH, vec EXPR,OFFSET,BITS, wait, waitpid
2028 PID,FLAGS, wantarray, warn LIST, write FILEHANDLE, write EXPR, write, y///
2034 =head2 perlopentut - tutorial on opening things in Perl
2040 =item Open E<agrave> la shell
2046 =item Indirect Filehandles
2050 =item The Minus File
2052 =item Mixing Reads and Writes
2058 =item Open E<agrave> la C
2062 =item Permissions E<agrave> la mode
2066 =item Obscure Open Tricks
2070 =item Re-Opening Files (dups)
2072 =item Dispelling the Dweomer
2074 =item Paths as Opens
2076 =item Single Argument Open
2078 =item Playing with STDIN and STDOUT
2082 =item Other I/O Issues
2086 =item Opening Non-File Files
2088 =item Opening Named Pipes
2090 =item Opening Sockets
2102 =item AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT
2108 =head2 perlpacktut - tutorial on C<pack> and C<unpack>
2114 =item The Basic Principle
2118 =item Packing Numbers
2124 =item Unpacking a Stack Frame
2126 =item How to Eat an Egg on a Net
2128 =item Byte-order modifiers
2130 =item Floating point Numbers
2134 =item Exotic Templates
2146 =item Another Portable Binary Encoding
2150 =item Template Grouping
2152 =item Lengths and Widths
2156 =item String Lengths
2158 =item Dynamic Templates
2160 =item Counting Repetitions
2164 =item Packing and Unpacking C Structures
2168 =item The Alignment Pit
2170 =item Dealing with Endian-ness
2172 =item Alignment, Take 2
2174 =item Alignment, Take 3
2176 =item Pointers for How to Use Them
2182 =item Funnies Section
2188 =head2 perlpod - the Plain Old Documentation format
2196 =item Ordinary Paragraph
2198 =item Verbatim Paragraph
2200 =item Command Paragraph
2202 C<=head1 I<Heading Text>>, C<=head2 I<Heading Text>>, C<=head3 I<Heading
2203 Text>>, C<=head4 I<Heading Text>>, C<=over I<indentlevel>>, C<=item
2204 I<stuff...>>, C<=back>, C<=cut>, C<=pod>, C<=begin I<formatname>>, C<=end
2205 I<formatname>>, C<=for I<formatname> I<text...>>, C<=encoding
2208 =item Formatting Codes
2210 C<IE<lt>textE<gt>> -- italic text, C<BE<lt>textE<gt>> -- bold text,
2211 C<CE<lt>codeE<gt>> -- code text, C<LE<lt>nameE<gt>> -- a hyperlink,
2212 C<EE<lt>escapeE<gt>> -- a character escape, C<FE<lt>filenameE<gt>> -- used
2213 for filenames, C<SE<lt>textE<gt>> -- text contains non-breaking spaces,
2214 C<XE<lt>topic nameE<gt>> -- an index entry, C<ZE<lt>E<gt>> -- a null
2215 (zero-effect) formatting code
2219 =item Embedding Pods in Perl Modules
2221 =item Hints for Writing Pod
2231 =head2 perlpodspec - Plain Old Documentation: format specification and
2238 =item Pod Definitions
2242 "=head1", "=head2", "=head3", "=head4", "=pod", "=cut", "=over", "=item",
2243 "=back", "=begin formatname", "=end formatname", "=for formatname text...",
2244 "=encoding encodingname"
2246 =item Pod Formatting Codes
2248 C<IE<lt>textE<gt>> -- italic text, C<BE<lt>textE<gt>> -- bold text,
2249 C<CE<lt>codeE<gt>> -- code text, C<FE<lt>filenameE<gt>> -- style for
2250 filenames, C<XE<lt>topic nameE<gt>> -- an index entry, C<ZE<lt>E<gt>> -- a
2251 null (zero-effect) formatting code, C<LE<lt>nameE<gt>> -- a hyperlink,
2252 C<EE<lt>escapeE<gt>> -- a character escape, C<SE<lt>textE<gt>> -- text
2253 contains non-breaking spaces
2255 =item Notes on Implementing Pod Processors
2257 =item About LE<lt>...E<gt> Codes
2259 First:, Second:, Third:, Fourth:, Fifth:, Sixth:
2261 =item About =over...=back Regions
2263 =item About Data Paragraphs and "=begin/=end" Regions
2271 =head2 perlrun - how to execute the Perl interpreter
2281 =item #! and quoting on non-Unix systems
2283 OS/2, MS-DOS, Win95/NT, Macintosh, VMS
2285 =item Location of Perl
2287 =item Command Switches
2289 B<-0>[I<octal/hexadecimal>], B<-A[I<module>][=I<assertions>]>, B<-a>, B<-C
2290 [I<number/list>]>, B<-c>, B<-d>, B<-dt>, B<-d:>I<foo[=bar,baz]>,
2291 B<-dt:>I<foo[=bar,baz]>, B<-D>I<letters>, B<-D>I<number>, B<-e>
2292 I<commandline>, B<-f>, B<-F>I<pattern>, B<-h>, B<-i>[I<extension>],
2293 B<-I>I<directory>, B<-l>[I<octnum>], B<-m>[B<->]I<module>,
2294 B<-M>[B<->]I<module>, B<-M>[B<->]I<'module ...'>,
2295 B<-[mM]>[B<->]I<module=arg[,arg]...>, B<-n>, B<-p>, B<-P>, B<-s>, B<-S>,
2296 B<-t>, B<-T>, B<-u>, B<-U>, B<-v>, B<-V>, B<-V:>I<configvar>, B<-w>, B<-W>,
2297 B<-X>, B<-x>, B<-x> I<directory>
2303 HOME, LOGDIR, PATH, PERL5LIB, PERL5OPT, PERLIO, :bytes, :crlf, :mmap,
2304 :perlio, :pop, :raw, :stdio, :unix, :utf8, :win32, PERLIO_DEBUG, PERLLIB,
2305 PERL5DB, PERL5DB_THREADED, PERL5SHELL (specific to the Win32 port),
2306 PERL_ALLOW_NON_IFS_LSP (specific to the Win32 port), PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS,
2307 PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL, PERL_DL_NONLAZY, PERL_ENCODING, PERL_HASH_SEED,
2308 PERL_HASH_SEED_DEBUG, PERL_ROOT (specific to the VMS port), PERL_SIGNALS,
2309 PERL_UNICODE, SYS$LOGIN (specific to the VMS port)
2313 =head2 perldiag - various Perl diagnostics
2321 =head2 perllexwarn - Perl Lexical Warnings
2329 =item Default Warnings and Optional Warnings
2331 =item What's wrong with B<-w> and C<$^W>
2333 =item Controlling Warnings from the Command Line
2337 =item Backward Compatibility
2339 =item Category Hierarchy
2341 =item Fatal Warnings
2343 =item Reporting Warnings from a Module
2355 =head2 perldebug - Perl debugging
2361 =item The Perl Debugger
2365 =item Debugger Commands
2367 h, h [command], h h, p expr, x [maxdepth] expr, V [pkg [vars]], X [vars], y
2368 [level [vars]], T, s [expr], n [expr], r, <CR>, c [line|sub], l, l
2369 min+incr, l min-max, l line, l subname, -, v [line], f filename, /pattern/,
2370 ?pattern?, L [abw], S [[!]regex], t, t expr, b, b [line] [condition], b
2371 subname [condition], b postpone subname [condition], b load filename, b
2372 compile subname, B line, B *, a [line] command, A line, A *, w expr, W
2373 expr, W *, o, o booloption .., o anyoption? .., o option=value .., < ?, < [
2374 command ], < *, << command, > ?, > command, > *, >> command, { ?, { [
2375 command ], { *, {{ command, ! number, ! -number, ! pattern, !! cmd, source
2376 file, H -number, q or ^D, R, |dbcmd, ||dbcmd, command, m expr, M, man
2379 =item Configurable Options
2381 C<recallCommand>, C<ShellBang>, C<pager>, C<tkRunning>, C<signalLevel>,
2382 C<warnLevel>, C<dieLevel>, C<AutoTrace>, C<LineInfo>, C<inhibit_exit>,
2383 C<PrintRet>, C<ornaments>, C<frame>, C<maxTraceLen>, C<windowSize>,
2384 C<arrayDepth>, C<hashDepth>, C<dumpDepth>, C<compactDump>, C<veryCompact>,
2385 C<globPrint>, C<DumpDBFiles>, C<DumpPackages>, C<DumpReused>, C<quote>,
2386 C<HighBit>, C<undefPrint>, C<UsageOnly>, C<TTY>, C<noTTY>, C<ReadLine>,
2389 =item Debugger input/output
2391 Prompt, Multiline commands, Stack backtrace, Line Listing Format, Frame
2394 =item Debugging compile-time statements
2396 =item Debugger Customization
2398 =item Readline Support
2400 =item Editor Support for Debugging
2402 =item The Perl Profiler
2406 =item Debugging regular expressions
2408 =item Debugging memory usage
2416 =head2 perlvar - Perl predefined variables
2424 =item Predefined Names
2426 $ARG, $_, $a, $b, $<I<digits>>, $MATCH, $&, $PREMATCH, $`, $POSTMATCH, $',
2427 $LAST_PAREN_MATCH, $+, $^N, @LAST_MATCH_END, @+,
2428 HANDLE->input_line_number(EXPR), $INPUT_LINE_NUMBER, $NR, $,
2429 IO::Handle->input_record_separator(EXPR), $INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $RS, $/,
2430 HANDLE->autoflush(EXPR), $OUTPUT_AUTOFLUSH, $|,
2431 IO::Handle->output_field_separator EXPR, $OUTPUT_FIELD_SEPARATOR, $OFS, $,,
2432 IO::Handle->output_record_separator EXPR, $OUTPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $ORS,
2433 $\, $LIST_SEPARATOR, $", $SUBSCRIPT_SEPARATOR, $SUBSEP, $;, $#,
2434 HANDLE->format_page_number(EXPR), $FORMAT_PAGE_NUMBER, $%,
2435 HANDLE->format_lines_per_page(EXPR), $FORMAT_LINES_PER_PAGE, $=,
2436 HANDLE->format_lines_left(EXPR), $FORMAT_LINES_LEFT, $-, @LAST_MATCH_START,
2437 @-, C<$`> is the same as C<substr($var, 0, $-[0])>, C<$&> is the same as
2438 C<substr($var, $-[0], $+[0] - $-[0])>, C<$'> is the same as C<substr($var,
2439 $+[0])>, C<$1> is the same as C<substr($var, $-[1], $+[1] - $-[1])>, C<$2>
2440 is the same as C<substr($var, $-[2], $+[2] - $-[2])>, C<$3> is the same as
2441 C<substr $var, $-[3], $+[3] - $-[3])>, HANDLE->format_name(EXPR),
2442 $FORMAT_NAME, $~, HANDLE->format_top_name(EXPR), $FORMAT_TOP_NAME, $^,
2443 IO::Handle->format_line_break_characters EXPR,
2444 $FORMAT_LINE_BREAK_CHARACTERS, $:, IO::Handle->format_formfeed EXPR,
2445 $FORMAT_FORMFEED, $^L, $ACCUMULATOR, $^A, $CHILD_ERROR, $?,
2446 ${^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE}, ${^ENCODING}, $OS_ERROR, $ERRNO, $!, %!,
2447 $EXTENDED_OS_ERROR, $^E, $EVAL_ERROR, $@, $PROCESS_ID, $PID, $$,
2448 $REAL_USER_ID, $UID, $<, $EFFECTIVE_USER_ID, $EUID, $>, $REAL_GROUP_ID,
2449 $GID, $(, $EFFECTIVE_GROUP_ID, $EGID, $), $PROGRAM_NAME, $0, $[, $],
2450 $COMPILING, $^C, $DEBUGGING, $^D, ${^RE_DEBUG_FLAGS}, ${^RE_TRIE_MAXBUF},
2451 $SYSTEM_FD_MAX, $^F, $^H, %^H, $INPLACE_EDIT, $^I, $^M, $OSNAME, $^O,
2452 ${^OPEN}, $PERLDB, $^P, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80,
2453 0x100, 0x200, 0x400, $LAST_REGEXP_CODE_RESULT, $^R,
2454 $EXCEPTIONS_BEING_CAUGHT, $^S, $BASETIME, $^T, ${^TAINT}, ${^UNICODE},
2455 ${^UTF8LOCALE}, $PERL_VERSION, $^V, $WARNING, $^W, ${^WARNING_BITS},
2456 $EXECUTABLE_NAME, $^X, ARGV, $ARGV, @ARGV, ARGVOUT, @F, @INC, @_, %INC,
2457 %ENV, $ENV{expr}, %SIG, $SIG{expr}
2459 =item Error Indicators
2461 =item Technical Note on the Syntax of Variable Names
2469 =head2 perlre - Perl regular expressions
2479 =item Regular Expressions
2481 [1], [2], [3], cntrl, graph, print, punct, xdigit
2483 =item Extended Patterns
2485 C<(?#text)>, C<(?imsx-imsx)>, C<(?:pattern)>, C<(?imsx-imsx:pattern)>,
2486 C<(?=pattern)>, C<(?!pattern)>, C<(?<=pattern)>, C<(?<!pattern)>, C<(?{
2487 code })>, C<(??{ code })>, C<< (?>pattern) >>,
2488 C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)>, C<(?(condition)yes-pattern)>
2492 =item Version 8 Regular Expressions
2494 =item Warning on \1 vs $1
2496 =item Repeated patterns matching zero-length substring
2498 =item Combining pieces together
2500 C<ST>, C<S|T>, C<S{REPEAT_COUNT}>, C<S{min,max}>, C<S{min,max}?>, C<S?>,
2501 C<S*>, C<S+>, C<S??>, C<S*?>, C<S+?>, C<< (?>S) >>, C<(?=S)>, C<(?<=S)>,
2502 C<(?!S)>, C<(?<!S)>, C<(??{ EXPR })>,
2503 C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)>
2505 =item Creating custom RE engines
2515 =head2 perlreref - Perl Regular Expressions Reference
2527 =item ESCAPE SEQUENCES
2529 =item CHARACTER CLASSES
2535 =item EXTENDED CONSTRUCTS
2553 =head2 perlref - Perl references and nested data structures
2563 =item Making References
2565 =item Using References
2567 =item Symbolic references
2569 =item Not-so-symbolic references
2571 =item Pseudo-hashes: Using an array as a hash
2573 =item Function Templates
2583 =head2 perlform - Perl formats
2593 =item Numeric Fields
2595 =item The Field @* for Variable Width Multi-Line Text
2597 =item The Field ^* for Variable Width One-line-at-a-time Text
2599 =item Specifying Values
2601 =item Using Fill Mode
2603 =item Suppressing Lines Where All Fields Are Void
2605 =item Repeating Format Lines
2607 =item Top of Form Processing
2609 =item Format Variables
2619 =item Accessing Formatting Internals
2627 =head2 perlobj - Perl objects
2635 =item An Object is Simply a Reference
2637 =item A Class is Simply a Package
2639 =item A Method is Simply a Subroutine
2641 =item Method Invocation
2643 =item Indirect Object Syntax
2645 =item Default UNIVERSAL methods
2647 isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] )
2653 =item Two-Phased Garbage Collection
2661 =head2 perltie - how to hide an object class in a simple variable
2673 TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, UNTIE this,
2678 TIEARRAY classname, LIST, FETCH this, index, STORE this, index, value,
2679 FETCHSIZE this, STORESIZE this, count, EXTEND this, count, EXISTS this,
2680 key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, PUSH this, LIST, POP this, SHIFT this,
2681 UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST, UNTIE this, DESTROY
2686 USER, HOME, CLOBBER, LIST, TIEHASH classname, LIST, FETCH this, key, STORE
2687 this, key, value, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, EXISTS this, key, FIRSTKEY
2688 this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, SCALAR this, UNTIE this, DESTROY this
2690 =item Tying FileHandles
2692 TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, WRITE this, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this,
2693 LIST, READ this, LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, CLOSE this, UNTIE this,
2698 =item The C<untie> Gotcha
2710 =head2 perldbmfilter - Perl DBM Filters
2718 B<filter_store_key>, B<filter_store_value>, B<filter_fetch_key>,
2719 B<filter_fetch_value>
2725 =item An Example -- the NULL termination problem.
2727 =item Another Example -- Key is a C int.
2737 =head2 perlipc - Perl interprocess communication (signals, fifos, pipes,
2738 safe subprocesses, sockets, and semaphores)
2748 =item Handling the SIGHUP Signal in Daemons
2756 =item Deferred Signals (Safe Signals)
2758 Long running opcodes, Interrupting IO, Restartable system calls, Signals as
2759 "faults", Signals triggered by operating system state
2763 =item Using open() for IPC
2769 =item Background Processes
2771 =item Complete Dissociation of Child from Parent
2773 =item Safe Pipe Opens
2775 =item Bidirectional Communication with Another Process
2777 =item Bidirectional Communication with Yourself
2781 =item Sockets: Client/Server Communication
2785 =item Internet Line Terminators
2787 =item Internet TCP Clients and Servers
2789 =item Unix-Domain TCP Clients and Servers
2793 =item TCP Clients with IO::Socket
2797 =item A Simple Client
2799 C<Proto>, C<PeerAddr>, C<PeerPort>
2801 =item A Webget Client
2803 =item Interactive Client with IO::Socket
2807 =item TCP Servers with IO::Socket
2809 Proto, LocalPort, Listen, Reuse
2811 =item UDP: Message Passing
2825 =head2 perlfork - Perl's fork() emulation
2835 =item Behavior of other Perl features in forked pseudo-processes
2837 $$ or $PROCESS_ID, %ENV, chdir() and all other builtins that accept
2838 filenames, wait() and waitpid(), kill(), exec(), exit(), Open handles to
2839 files, directories and network sockets
2841 =item Resource limits
2843 =item Killing the parent process
2845 =item Lifetime of the parent process and pseudo-processes
2847 =item CAVEATS AND LIMITATIONS
2849 BEGIN blocks, Open filehandles, Forking pipe open() not yet implemented,
2850 Global state maintained by XSUBs, Interpreter embedded in larger
2851 application, Thread-safety of extensions
2863 =head2 perlnumber - semantics of numbers and numeric operations in Perl
2871 =item Storing numbers
2873 =item Numeric operators and numeric conversions
2875 =item Flavors of Perl numeric operations
2877 Arithmetic operators, ++, Arithmetic operators during C<use integer>, Other
2878 mathematical operators, Bitwise operators, Bitwise operators during C<use
2879 integer>, Operators which expect an integer, Operators which expect a
2888 =head2 perlthrtut - tutorial on threads in Perl
2896 =item What Is A Thread Anyway?
2898 =item Threaded Program Models
2910 =item What kind of threads are Perl threads?
2912 =item Thread-Safe Modules
2918 =item Basic Thread Support
2920 =item A Note about the Examples
2922 =item Creating Threads
2924 =item Waiting For A Thread To Exit
2926 =item Ignoring A Thread
2930 =item Threads And Data
2934 =item Shared And Unshared Data
2936 =item Thread Pitfalls: Races
2940 =item Synchronization and control
2944 =item Controlling access: lock()
2946 =item A Thread Pitfall: Deadlocks
2948 =item Queues: Passing Data Around
2950 =item Semaphores: Synchronizing Data Access
2952 =item Basic semaphores
2954 =item Advanced Semaphores
2956 =item cond_wait() and cond_signal()
2958 =item Giving up control
2962 =item General Thread Utility Routines
2966 =item What Thread Am I In?
2970 =item Are These Threads The Same?
2972 =item What Threads Are Running?
2976 =item A Complete Example
2978 =item Different implementations of threads
2980 =item Performance considerations
2982 =item Process-scope Changes
2984 =item Thread-Safety of System Libraries
2992 =item Introductory Texts
2994 =item OS-Related References
2996 =item Other References
3000 =item Acknowledgements
3008 =head2 perlothrtut - old tutorial on threads in Perl
3014 =item What Is A Thread Anyway?
3016 =item Threaded Program Models
3028 =item Native threads
3030 =item What kind of threads are perl threads?
3032 =item Threadsafe Modules
3038 =item Basic Thread Support
3040 =item Creating Threads
3042 =item Giving up control
3044 =item Waiting For A Thread To Exit
3046 =item Errors In Threads
3048 =item Ignoring A Thread
3052 =item Threads And Data
3056 =item Shared And Unshared Data
3058 =item Thread Pitfall: Races
3060 =item Controlling access: lock()
3062 =item Thread Pitfall: Deadlocks
3064 =item Queues: Passing Data Around
3068 =item Threads And Code
3072 =item Semaphores: Synchronizing Data Access
3074 Basic semaphores, Advanced Semaphores
3076 =item Attributes: Restricting Access To Subroutines
3078 =item Subroutine Locks
3082 =item Locking A Subroutine
3086 =item General Thread Utility Routines
3090 =item What Thread Am I In?
3094 =item Are These Threads The Same?
3096 =item What Threads Are Running?
3100 =item A Complete Example
3108 =item Introductory Texts
3110 =item OS-Related References
3112 =item Other References
3116 =item Acknowledgements
3124 =head2 perlport - Writing portable Perl
3130 Not all Perl programs have to be portable, Nearly all of Perl already I<is>
3139 =item Numbers endianness and Width
3141 =item Files and Filesystems
3143 =item System Interaction
3145 =item Command names versus file pathnames
3149 =item Interprocess Communication (IPC)
3151 =item External Subroutines (XS)
3153 =item Standard Modules
3157 =item Character sets and character encoding
3159 =item Internationalisation
3161 =item System Resources
3177 =item DOS and Derivatives
3185 =item EBCDIC Platforms
3193 =item FUNCTION IMPLEMENTATIONS
3197 =item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions
3199 -I<X>, atan2, binmode, chmod, chown, chroot, crypt, dbmclose, dbmopen,
3200 dump, exec, exit, fcntl, flock, fork, getlogin, getpgrp, getppid,
3201 getpriority, getpwnam, getgrnam, getnetbyname, getpwuid, getgrgid,
3202 getnetbyaddr, getprotobynumber, getservbyport, getpwent, getgrent,
3203 gethostbyname, gethostent, getnetent, getprotoent, getservent, sethostent,
3204 setnetent, setprotoent, setservent, endpwent, endgrent, endhostent,
3205 endnetent, endprotoent, endservent, getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob,
3206 gmtime, ioctl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, kill, link, localtime, lstat,
3207 msgctl, msgget, msgsnd, msgrcv, open, pipe, readlink, rename, select,
3208 semctl, semget, semop, setgrent, setpgrp, setpriority, setpwent,
3209 setsockopt, shmctl, shmget, shmread, shmwrite, sockatmark, socketpair,
3210 stat, symlink, syscall, sysopen, system, times, truncate, umask, utime,
3215 =item Supported Platforms
3219 =item AUTHORS / CONTRIBUTORS
3223 =head2 perllocale - Perl locale handling (internationalization and
3230 =item PREPARING TO USE LOCALES
3236 =item The use locale pragma
3238 =item The setlocale function
3240 =item Finding locales
3242 =item LOCALE PROBLEMS
3244 =item Temporarily fixing locale problems
3246 =item Permanently fixing locale problems
3248 =item Permanently fixing your system's locale configuration
3250 =item Fixing system locale configuration
3252 =item The localeconv function
3254 =item I18N::Langinfo
3258 =item LOCALE CATEGORIES
3262 =item Category LC_COLLATE: Collation
3264 =item Category LC_CTYPE: Character Types
3266 =item Category LC_NUMERIC: Numeric Formatting
3268 =item Category LC_MONETARY: Formatting of monetary amounts
3272 =item Other categories
3280 PERL_BADLANG, LC_ALL, LANGUAGE, LC_CTYPE, LC_COLLATE, LC_MONETARY,
3281 LC_NUMERIC, LC_TIME, LANG
3287 =item Backward compatibility
3289 =item I18N:Collate obsolete
3291 =item Sort speed and memory use impacts
3293 =item write() and LC_NUMERIC
3295 =item Freely available locale definitions
3299 =item An imperfect standard
3303 =item Unicode and UTF-8
3309 =item Broken systems
3319 =head2 perluniintro - Perl Unicode introduction
3329 =item Perl's Unicode Support
3331 =item Perl's Unicode Model
3333 =item Unicode and EBCDIC
3335 =item Creating Unicode
3337 =item Handling Unicode
3339 =item Legacy Encodings
3343 =item Displaying Unicode As Text
3347 =item Advanced Topics
3351 =item Questions With Answers
3353 =item Hexadecimal Notation
3355 =item Further Resources
3359 =item UNICODE IN OLDER PERLS
3363 =item ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
3365 =item AUTHOR, COPYRIGHT, AND LICENSE
3369 =head2 perlunicode - Unicode support in Perl
3377 =item Important Caveats
3379 Input and Output Layers, Regular Expressions, C<use utf8> still needed to
3380 enable UTF-8/UTF-EBCDIC in scripts, BOM-marked scripts and UTF-16 scripts
3381 autodetected, C<use encoding> needed to upgrade non-Latin-1 byte strings
3383 =item Byte and Character Semantics
3385 =item Effects of Character Semantics
3391 =item User-Defined Character Properties
3393 =item Character Encodings for Input and Output
3395 =item Unicode Regular Expression Support Level
3397 =item Unicode Encodings
3399 =item Security Implications of Unicode
3401 =item Unicode in Perl on EBCDIC
3405 =item When Unicode Does Not Happen
3407 =item Forcing Unicode in Perl (Or Unforcing Unicode in Perl)
3409 =item Using Unicode in XS
3417 =item Interaction with Locales
3419 =item Interaction with Extensions
3423 =item Porting code from perl-5.6.X
3431 =head2 perlebcdic - Considerations for running Perl on EBCDIC platforms
3437 =item COMMON CHARACTER CODE SETS
3445 =item Latin 1 (ISO 8859-1)
3449 =item 13 variant characters
3457 =item Unicode code points versus EBCDIC code points
3459 =item Remaining Perl Unicode problems in EBCDIC
3461 =item Unicode and UTF
3467 =item SINGLE OCTET TABLES
3469 recipe 0, recipe 1, recipe 2, recipe 3, recipe 4, recipe 5, recipe 6
3471 =item IDENTIFYING CHARACTER CODE SETS
3485 =item OPERATOR DIFFERENCES
3487 =item FUNCTION DIFFERENCES
3489 chr(), ord(), pack(), print(), printf(), sort(), sprintf(), unpack()
3491 =item REGULAR EXPRESSION DIFFERENCES
3499 =item Ignore ASCII vs. EBCDIC sort differences.
3501 =item MONO CASE then sort data.
3503 =item Convert, sort data, then re convert.
3505 =item Perform sorting on one type of machine only.
3509 =item TRANSFORMATION FORMATS
3513 =item URL decoding and encoding
3515 =item uu encoding and decoding
3517 =item Quoted-Printable encoding and decoding
3519 =item Caesarian ciphers
3523 =item Hashing order and checksums
3527 =item MULTI OCTET CHARACTER SETS
3539 chcp, dataset access, OS/390, z/OS iconv, locales
3559 =head2 perlsec - Perl security
3567 =item Laundering and Detecting Tainted Data
3569 =item Switches On the "#!" Line
3571 =item Taint mode and @INC
3573 =item Cleaning Up Your Path
3577 =item Protecting Your Programs
3581 =item Algorithmic Complexity Attacks
3589 =head2 perlmod - Perl modules (packages and symbol tables)
3601 =item BEGIN, CHECK, INIT and END
3607 =item Making your module threadsafe
3615 =head2 perlmodlib - constructing new Perl modules and finding existing ones
3619 =item THE PERL MODULE LIBRARY
3623 =item Pragmatic Modules
3625 assertions, assertions::activate, assertions::compat, attributes, attrs,
3626 autouse, base, bigint, bignum, bigrat, blib, bytes, charnames, constant,
3627 diagnostics, encoding, encoding::warnings, fields, filetest, if, integer,
3628 less, lib, locale, open, ops, overload, re, sigtrap, sort, strict, subs,
3629 threads, threads::shared, utf8, vars, version, vmsish, warnings,
3632 =item Standard Modules
3634 AnyDBM_File, Archive::Tar, Archive::Tar::File, Attribute::Handlers,
3635 AutoLoader, AutoSplit, B, B::Asmdata, B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode,
3636 B::C, B::CC, B::Concise, B::Debug, B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint,
3637 B::Showlex, B::Stackobj, B::Stash, B::Terse, B::Xref, Benchmark,
3638 ByteLoader, CGI, CGI::Apache, CGI::Carp, CGI::Cookie, CGI::Fast,
3639 CGI::Pretty, CGI::Push, CGI::Switch, CGI::Util, CPAN, CPAN::FirstTime,
3640 CPAN::Nox, Carp, Carp::Heavy, Class::ISA, Class::Struct, Compress::Zlib,
3641 Config, Cwd, DB, DBM_Filter, DB_File, Data::Dumper, Devel::DProf,
3642 Devel::PPPort, Devel::Peek, Devel::SelfStubber, Digest, Digest::MD5,
3643 Digest::base, Digest::file, DirHandle, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, Encode,
3644 Encode::Alias, Encode::Byte, Encode::CJKConstants, Encode::CN,
3645 Encode::CN::HZ, Encode::Config, Encode::EBCDIC, Encode::Encoder,
3646 Encode::Encoding, Encode::Guess, Encode::JP, Encode::JP::H2Z,
3647 Encode::JP::JIS7, Encode::KR, Encode::KR::2022_KR, Encode::MIME::Header,
3648 Encode::PerlIO, Encode::Supported, Encode::Symbol, Encode::TW,
3649 Encode::Unicode, Encode::Unicode::UTF7, English, Env, Errno, Exporter,
3650 Exporter::Heavy, ExtUtils::CBuilder, ExtUtils::CBuilder::Platform::Windows,
3651 ExtUtils::Command, ExtUtils::Command::MM, ExtUtils::Constant,
3652 ExtUtils::Constant::Base, ExtUtils::Constant::Utils,
3653 ExtUtils::Constant::XS, ExtUtils::Embed, ExtUtils::Install,
3654 ExtUtils::Installed, ExtUtils::Liblist, ExtUtils::MM, ExtUtils::MM_AIX,
3655 ExtUtils::MM_Any, ExtUtils::MM_BeOS, ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin, ExtUtils::MM_DOS,
3656 ExtUtils::MM_MacOS, ExtUtils::MM_NW5, ExtUtils::MM_OS2, ExtUtils::MM_QNX,
3657 ExtUtils::MM_UWIN, ExtUtils::MM_Unix, ExtUtils::MM_VMS, ExtUtils::MM_VOS,
3658 ExtUtils::MM_Win32, ExtUtils::MM_Win95, ExtUtils::MY, ExtUtils::MakeMaker,
3659 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Config, ExtUtils::MakeMaker::FAQ,
3660 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Tutorial, ExtUtils::MakeMaker::bytes,
3661 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::vmsish, ExtUtils::Manifest, ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap,
3662 ExtUtils::Mksymlists, ExtUtils::Packlist, ExtUtils::ParseXS,
3663 ExtUtils::testlib, Fatal, Fcntl, File::Basename, File::CheckTree,
3664 File::Compare, File::Copy, File::DosGlob, File::Find, File::Glob,
3665 File::Path, File::Spec, File::Spec::Cygwin, File::Spec::Epoc,
3666 File::Spec::Functions, File::Spec::Mac, File::Spec::OS2, File::Spec::Unix,
3667 File::Spec::VMS, File::Spec::Win32, File::Temp, File::stat, FileCache,
3668 FileHandle, Filter::Simple, Filter::Util::Call, FindBin, GDBM_File,
3669 Getopt::Long, Getopt::Std, Hash::Util, I18N::Collate, I18N::LangTags,
3670 I18N::LangTags::Detect, I18N::LangTags::List, I18N::Langinfo, IO, IO::Dir,
3671 IO::File, IO::Handle, IO::Pipe, IO::Poll, IO::Seekable, IO::Select,
3672 IO::Socket, IO::Socket::INET, IO::Socket::UNIX, IO::Zlib, IPC::Open2,
3673 IPC::Open3, IPC::SysV, IPC::SysV::Msg, IPC::SysV::Semaphore, List::Util,
3674 Locale::Constants, Locale::Country, Locale::Currency, Locale::Language,
3675 Locale::Maketext, Locale::Maketext::TPJ13, Locale::Script, MIME::Base64,
3676 MIME::Base64::QuotedPrint, Math::BigFloat, Math::BigInt,
3677 Math::BigInt::Calc, Math::BigInt::CalcEmu, Math::BigInt::FastCalc,
3678 Math::BigRat, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Memoize, Memoize::AnyDBM_File,
3679 Memoize::Expire, Memoize::ExpireFile, Memoize::ExpireTest,
3680 Memoize::NDBM_File, Memoize::SDBM_File, Memoize::Storable,
3681 Module::CoreList, NDBM_File, NEXT, Net::Cmd, Net::Config, Net::Domain,
3682 Net::FTP, Net::NNTP, Net::Netrc, Net::POP3, Net::Ping, Net::SMTP,
3683 Net::Time, Net::hostent, Net::libnetFAQ, Net::netent, Net::protoent,
3684 Net::servent, O, ODBM_File, Opcode, POSIX, PerlIO, PerlIO::encoding,
3685 PerlIO::scalar, PerlIO::via, PerlIO::via::QuotedPrint, Pod::Checker,
3686 Pod::Find, Pod::Functions, Pod::Html, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::LaTeX,
3687 Pod::Man, Pod::ParseLink, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Parser,
3688 Pod::Perldoc::ToChecker, Pod::Perldoc::ToMan, Pod::Perldoc::ToNroff,
3689 Pod::Perldoc::ToPod, Pod::Perldoc::ToRtf, Pod::Perldoc::ToText,
3690 Pod::Perldoc::ToTk, Pod::Perldoc::ToXml, Pod::PlainText, Pod::Plainer,
3691 Pod::Select, Pod::Text, Pod::Text::Color, Pod::Text::Overstrike,
3692 Pod::Text::Termcap, Pod::Usage, SDBM_File, Safe, Scalar::Util,
3693 Search::Dict, SelectSaver, SelfLoader, Shell, Socket, Storable, Switch,
3694 Symbol, Sys::Hostname, Sys::Syslog, Term::ANSIColor, Term::Cap,
3695 Term::Complete, Term::ReadLine, Test, Test::Builder, Test::Harness,
3696 Test::Harness::Assert, Test::Harness::Iterator, Test::Harness::Point,
3697 Test::Harness::Straps, Test::Harness::TAP, Test::More, Test::Simple,
3698 Test::Tutorial, Text::Abbrev, Text::Balanced, Text::ParseWords,
3699 Text::Soundex, Text::Tabs, Text::Wrap, Thread, Thread::Queue,
3700 Thread::Semaphore, Thread::Signal, Thread::Specific, Tie::Array, Tie::File,
3701 Tie::Handle, Tie::Hash, Tie::Memoize, Tie::RefHash, Tie::Scalar,
3702 Tie::SubstrHash, Time::HiRes, Time::Local, Time::gmtime, Time::localtime,
3703 Time::tm, UNIVERSAL, Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Normalize, Unicode::UCD,
3704 User::grent, User::pwent, XS::APItest, XS::Typemap, XSLoader
3706 =item Extension Modules
3720 China, Indonesia, Israel, Japan, Malaysia, Russian Federation, Saudi
3721 Arabia, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand
3723 =item Central America
3729 Austria, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech
3730 Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary,
3731 Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
3732 Portugal, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
3733 Turkey, Ukraine, United Kingdom
3737 Canada, Alberta, Manitoba, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Mexico, United States,
3738 Alabama, California, Colorado, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida,
3739 Indiana, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Michigan, Nevada, New Jersey, New York,
3740 North Carolina, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Texas, Utah,
3741 Virginia, Washington, Wisconsin
3745 Australia, New Zealand, United States
3749 Argentina, Brazil, Chile
3755 =item Modules: Creation, Use, and Abuse
3759 =item Guidelines for Module Creation
3761 =item Guidelines for Converting Perl 4 Library Scripts into Modules
3763 =item Guidelines for Reusing Application Code
3771 =head2 perlmodstyle - Perl module style guide
3777 =item QUICK CHECKLIST
3781 =item Before you start
3789 =item Release considerations
3793 =item BEFORE YOU START WRITING A MODULE
3797 =item Has it been done before?
3799 =item Do one thing and do it well
3801 =item What's in a name?
3805 =item DESIGNING AND WRITING YOUR MODULE
3809 =item To OO or not to OO?
3811 =item Designing your API
3813 Write simple routines to do simple things, Separate functionality from
3814 output, Provide sensible shortcuts and defaults, Naming conventions,
3817 =item Strictness and warnings
3819 =item Backwards compatibility
3821 =item Error handling and messages
3825 =item DOCUMENTING YOUR MODULE
3831 =item README, INSTALL, release notes, changelogs
3833 perl Makefile.PL, make, make test, make install, perl Build.PL, perl Build,
3834 perl Build test, perl Build install
3838 =item RELEASE CONSIDERATIONS
3842 =item Version numbering
3844 =item Pre-requisites
3854 =item COMMON PITFALLS
3858 =item Reinventing the wheel
3860 =item Trying to do too much
3862 =item Inappropriate documentation
3868 L<perlstyle>, L<perlnewmod>, L<perlpod>, L<podchecker>, Packaging Tools,
3869 Testing tools, http://pause.perl.org/, Any good book on software
3876 =head2 perlmodinstall - Installing CPAN Modules
3886 B<DECOMPRESS> the file, B<UNPACK> the file into a directory, B<BUILD> the
3887 module (sometimes unnecessary), B<INSTALL> the module
3901 =head2 perlnewmod - preparing a new module for distribution
3911 =item What should I make into a module?
3913 =item Step-by-step: Preparing the ground
3915 Look around, Check it's new, Discuss the need, Choose a name, Check again
3917 =item Step-by-step: Making the module
3919 Start with F<module-starter> or F<h2xs>, Use L<strict|strict> and
3920 L<warnings|warnings>, Use L<Carp|Carp>, Use L<Exporter|Exporter> - wisely!,
3921 Use L<plain old documentation|perlpod>, Write tests, Write the README
3923 =item Step-by-step: Distributing your module
3925 Get a CPAN user ID, C<perl Makefile.PL; make test; make dist>, Upload the
3926 tarball, Announce to the modules list, Announce to clpa, Fix bugs!
3936 =head2 perlutil - utilities packaged with the Perl distribution
3946 L<perldoc|perldoc>, L<pod2man|pod2man> and L<pod2text|pod2text>,
3947 L<pod2html|pod2html> and L<pod2latex|pod2latex>, L<pod2usage|pod2usage>,
3948 L<podselect|podselect>, L<podchecker|podchecker>, L<splain|splain>,
3949 L<roffitall|roffitall>
3953 L<a2p|a2p>, L<s2p|s2p>, L<find2perl|find2perl>
3955 =item Administration
3957 L<libnetcfg|libnetcfg>
3961 L<perlbug|perlbug>, L<h2ph|h2ph>, L<c2ph|c2ph> and L<pstruct|pstruct>,
3962 L<h2xs|h2xs>, L<dprofpp|dprofpp>, L<perlcc|perlcc>
3970 =head2 perlcompile - Introduction to the Perl Compiler-Translator
3980 B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Lint, B::Deparse, B::Xref
3984 =item Using The Back Ends
3988 =item The Cross Referencing Back End
3992 =item The Decompiling Back End
3994 =item The Lint Back End
3996 =item The Simple C Back End
3998 =item The Bytecode Back End
4000 =item The Optimized C Back End
4004 =item Module List for the Compiler Suite
4006 B, O, B::Asmdata, B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC,
4007 B::Concise, B::Debug, B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex,
4008 B::Stackobj, B::Stash, B::Terse, B::Xref
4010 =item KNOWN PROBLEMS
4016 =head2 perlfilter - Source Filters
4026 =item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER
4028 =item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN C
4030 B<Decryption Filters>
4032 =item CREATING A SOURCE FILTER AS A SEPARATE EXECUTABLE
4034 =item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN PERL
4036 =item USING CONTEXT: THE DEBUG FILTER
4040 =item THINGS TO LOOK OUT FOR
4042 Some Filters Clobber the C<DATA> Handle
4052 =head2 perlglossary - Perl Glossary
4060 accessor methods, actual arguments, address operator, algorithm, alias,
4061 alternatives, anonymous, architecture, argument, ARGV, arithmetical
4062 operator, array, array context, ASCII, assertion, assignment, assignment
4063 operator, associative array, associativity, asynchronous, atom, atomic
4064 operation, attribute, autogeneration, autoincrement, autoload, autosplit,
4065 autovivification, AV, awk, backreference, backtracking, backward
4066 compatibility, bareword, base class, big-endian, binary, binary operator,
4067 bind, bit, bit shift, bit string, bless, block, BLOCK, block buffering,
4068 Boolean, Boolean context, breakpoint, broadcast, BSD, bucket, buffer,
4069 built-in, bundle, byte, bytecode, C, C preprocessor, call by reference,
4070 call by value, callback, canonical, capturing, character, character class,
4071 character property, circumfix operator, class, class method, client,
4072 cloister, closure, cluster, CODE, code generator, code subpattern,
4073 collating sequence, command, command buffering, command name, command-line
4074 arguments, comment, compilation unit, compile phase, compile time,
4075 compiler, composer, concatenation, conditional, connection, construct,
4076 constructor, context, continuation, core dump, CPAN, cracker, current
4077 package, current working directory, currently selected output channel, CV,
4078 dangling statement, data structure, data type, datagram, DBM, declaration,
4079 decrement, default, defined, delimiter, dereference, derived class,
4080 descriptor, destroy, destructor, device, directive, directory, directory
4081 handle, dispatch, distribution, dweomer, dwimmer, dynamic scoping,
4082 eclectic, element, embedding, empty subclass test, en passant,
4083 encapsulation, endian, environment, environment variable, EOF, errno,
4084 error, escape sequence, exception, exception handling, exec, executable
4085 file, execute, execute bit, exit status, export, expression, extension,
4086 false, FAQ, fatal error, field, FIFO, file, file descriptor, file test
4087 operator, fileglob, filehandle, filename, filesystem, filter, flag,
4088 floating point, flush, FMTEYEWTK, fork, formal arguments, format, freely
4089 available, freely redistributable, freeware, function, funny character,
4090 garbage collection, GID, glob, global, global destruction, glue language,
4091 granularity, greedy, grep, group, GV, hacker, handler, hard reference,
4092 hash, hash table, header file, here document, hexadecimal, home directory,
4093 host, hubris, HV, identifier, impatience, implementation, import,
4094 increment, indexing, indirect filehandle, indirect object, indirect object
4095 slot, indirection, infix, inheritance, instance, instance variable,
4096 integer, interface, interpolation, interpreter, invocant, invocation, I/O,
4097 IO, IP, IPC, is-a, iteration, iterator, IV, JAPH, key, keyword, label,
4098 laziness, left shift, leftmost longest, lexeme, lexer, lexical analysis,
4099 lexical scoping, lexical variable, library, LIFO, line, line buffering,
4100 line number, link, LIST, list, list context, list operator, list value,
4101 literal, little-endian, local, logical operator, lookahead, lookbehind,
4102 loop, loop control statement, loop label, lvaluable, lvalue, lvalue
4103 modifier, magic, magical increment, magical variables, Makefile, man,
4104 manpage, matching, member data, memory, metacharacter, metasymbol, method,
4105 minimalism, mode, modifier, module, modulus, monger, mortal,
4106 multidimensional array, multiple inheritance, named pipe, namespace,
4107 network address, newline, NFS, null character, null list, null string,
4108 numeric context, NV, nybble, object, octal, offset, one-liner, open source
4109 software, operand, operating system, operator, operator overloading,
4110 options, overloading, overriding, owner, package, pad, parameter, parent
4111 class, parse tree, parsing, patch, PATH, pathname, pattern, pattern
4112 matching, permission bits, Pern, pipe, pipeline, platform, pod, pointer,
4113 polymorphism, port, portable, porter, POSIX, postfix, pp, pragma,
4114 precedence, prefix, preprocessing, procedure, process, program generator,
4115 progressive matching, property, protocol, prototype, pseudofunction,
4116 pseudohash, pseudoliteral, public domain, pumpkin, pumpking, PV, qualified,
4117 quantifier, readable, reaping, record, recursion, reference, referent,
4118 regex, regular expression, regular expression modifier, regular file,
4119 relational operator, reserved words, return value, RFC, right shift, root,
4120 RTFM, run phase, run time, run-time pattern, RV, rvalue, scalar, scalar
4121 context, scalar literal, scalar value, scalar variable, scope, scratchpad,
4122 script, script kiddie, sed, semaphore, separator, serialization, server,
4123 service, setgid, setuid, shared memory, shebang, shell, side effects,
4124 signal, signal handler, single inheritance, slice, slurp, socket, soft
4125 reference, source filter, stack, standard, standard error, standard I/O,
4126 standard input, standard output, stat structure, statement, statement
4127 modifier, static, static method, static scoping, static variable, status,
4128 STDERR, STDIN, STDIO, STDOUT, stream, string, string context,
4129 stringification, struct, structure, subclass, subpattern, subroutine,
4130 subscript, substitution, substring, superclass, superuser, SV, switch,
4131 switch cluster, switch statement, symbol, symbol table, symbolic debugger,
4132 symbolic link, symbolic reference, synchronous, syntactic sugar, syntax,
4133 syntax tree, syscall, tainted, TCP, term, terminator, ternary, text,
4134 thread, tie, TMTOWTDI, token, tokener, tokenizing, toolbox approach,
4135 transliterate, trigger, trinary, troff, true, truncating, type, type
4136 casting, typed lexical, typedef, typeglob, typemap, UDP, UID, umask, unary
4137 operator, Unicode, Unix, value, variable, variable interpolation, variadic,
4138 vector, virtual, void context, v-string, warning, watch expression,
4139 whitespace, word, working directory, wrapper, WYSIWYG, XS, XSUB, yacc, zero
4142 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
4146 =head2 perlembed - how to embed perl in your C program
4156 B<Use C from Perl?>, B<Use a Unix program from Perl?>, B<Use Perl from
4157 Perl?>, B<Use C from C?>, B<Use Perl from C?>
4161 =item Compiling your C program
4163 =item Adding a Perl interpreter to your C program
4165 =item Calling a Perl subroutine from your C program
4167 =item Evaluating a Perl statement from your C program
4169 =item Performing Perl pattern matches and substitutions from your C program
4171 =item Fiddling with the Perl stack from your C program
4173 =item Maintaining a persistent interpreter
4175 =item Execution of END blocks
4177 =item Maintaining multiple interpreter instances
4179 =item Using Perl modules, which themselves use C libraries, from your C
4184 =item Embedding Perl under Win32
4196 =head2 perldebguts - Guts of Perl debugging
4202 =item Debugger Internals
4206 =item Writing Your Own Debugger
4210 =item Frame Listing Output Examples
4212 =item Debugging regular expressions
4216 =item Compile-time output
4218 C<anchored> I<STRING> C<at> I<POS>, C<floating> I<STRING> C<at>
4219 I<POS1..POS2>, C<matching floating/anchored>, C<minlen>, C<stclass>
4220 I<TYPE>, C<noscan>, C<isall>, C<GPOS>, C<plus>, C<implicit>, C<with eval>,
4223 =item Types of nodes
4225 =item Run-time output
4229 =item Debugging Perl memory usage
4233 =item Using C<$ENV{PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS}>
4235 C<buckets SMALLEST(APPROX)..GREATEST(APPROX)>, Free/Used, C<Total sbrk():
4236 SBRKed/SBRKs:CONTINUOUS>, C<pad: 0>, C<heads: 2192>, C<chain: 0>, C<tail:
4239 =item Example of using B<-DL> switch
4241 C<717>, C<002>, C<054>, C<602>, C<702>, C<704>
4243 =item B<-DL> details
4247 =item Limitations of B<-DL> statistics
4255 =head2 perlxstut, perlXStut - Tutorial for writing XSUBs
4267 =item Version caveat
4269 =item Dynamic Loading versus Static Loading
4281 =item What has gone on?
4283 =item Writing good test scripts
4287 =item What's new here?
4289 =item Input and Output Parameters
4291 =item The XSUBPP Program
4293 =item The TYPEMAP file
4295 =item Warning about Output Arguments
4299 =item What has happened here?
4301 =item Anatomy of .xs file
4303 =item Getting the fat out of XSUBs
4305 =item More about XSUB arguments
4307 =item The Argument Stack
4309 =item Extending your Extension
4311 =item Documenting your Extension
4313 =item Installing your Extension
4317 =item New Things in this Example
4321 =item New Things in this Example
4323 =item EXAMPLE 7 (Coming Soon)
4325 =item EXAMPLE 8 (Coming Soon)
4327 =item EXAMPLE 9 Passing open files to XSes
4329 =item Troubleshooting these Examples
4345 =head2 perlxs - XS language reference manual
4357 =item The Anatomy of an XSUB
4359 =item The Argument Stack
4361 =item The RETVAL Variable
4363 =item Returning SVs, AVs and HVs through RETVAL
4365 =item The MODULE Keyword
4367 =item The PACKAGE Keyword
4369 =item The PREFIX Keyword
4371 =item The OUTPUT: Keyword
4373 =item The NO_OUTPUT Keyword
4375 =item The CODE: Keyword
4377 =item The INIT: Keyword
4379 =item The NO_INIT Keyword
4381 =item Initializing Function Parameters
4383 =item Default Parameter Values
4385 =item The PREINIT: Keyword
4387 =item The SCOPE: Keyword
4389 =item The INPUT: Keyword
4391 =item The IN/OUTLIST/IN_OUTLIST/OUT/IN_OUT Keywords
4393 =item The C<length(NAME)> Keyword
4395 =item Variable-length Parameter Lists
4397 =item The C_ARGS: Keyword
4399 =item The PPCODE: Keyword
4401 =item Returning Undef And Empty Lists
4403 =item The REQUIRE: Keyword
4405 =item The CLEANUP: Keyword
4407 =item The POSTCALL: Keyword
4409 =item The BOOT: Keyword
4411 =item The VERSIONCHECK: Keyword
4413 =item The PROTOTYPES: Keyword
4415 =item The PROTOTYPE: Keyword
4417 =item The ALIAS: Keyword
4419 =item The OVERLOAD: Keyword
4421 =item The FALLBACK: Keyword
4423 =item The INTERFACE: Keyword
4425 =item The INTERFACE_MACRO: Keyword
4427 =item The INCLUDE: Keyword
4429 =item The CASE: Keyword
4431 =item The & Unary Operator
4433 =item Inserting POD, Comments and C Preprocessor Directives
4435 =item Using XS With C++
4437 =item Interface Strategy
4439 =item Perl Objects And C Structures
4443 =item Safely Storing Static Data in XS
4445 MY_CXT_KEY, typedef my_cxt_t, START_MY_CXT, MY_CXT_INIT, dMY_CXT, MY_CXT
4457 =head2 perlclib - Internal replacements for standard C library functions
4467 C<t>, C<p>, C<n>, C<s>
4469 =item File Operations
4471 =item File Input and Output
4473 =item File Positioning
4475 =item Memory Management and String Handling
4477 =item Character Class Tests
4479 =item F<stdlib.h> functions
4481 =item Miscellaneous functions
4489 =head2 perlguts - Introduction to the Perl API
4501 =item What is an "IV"?
4503 =item Working with SVs
4507 =item What's Really Stored in an SV?
4509 =item Working with AVs
4511 =item Working with HVs
4513 =item Hash API Extensions
4515 =item AVs, HVs and undefined values
4519 =item Blessed References and Class Objects
4521 =item Creating New Variables
4523 GV_ADDMULTI, GV_ADDWARN
4525 =item Reference Counts and Mortality
4527 =item Stashes and Globs
4529 =item Double-Typed SVs
4531 =item Magic Variables
4533 =item Assigning Magic
4535 =item Magic Virtual Tables
4539 =item Understanding the Magic of Tied Hashes and Arrays
4541 =item Localizing changes
4543 C<SAVEINT(int i)>, C<SAVEIV(IV i)>, C<SAVEI32(I32 i)>, C<SAVELONG(long i)>,
4544 C<SAVESPTR(s)>, C<SAVEPPTR(p)>, C<SAVEFREESV(SV *sv)>, C<SAVEMORTALIZESV(SV
4545 *sv)>, C<SAVEFREEOP(OP *op)>, C<SAVEFREEPV(p)>, C<SAVECLEARSV(SV *sv)>,
4546 C<SAVEDELETE(HV *hv, char *key, I32 length)>,
4547 C<SAVEDESTRUCTOR(DESTRUCTORFUNC_NOCONTEXT_t f, void *p)>,
4548 C<SAVEDESTRUCTOR_X(DESTRUCTORFUNC_t f, void *p)>, C<SAVESTACK_POS()>, C<SV*
4549 save_scalar(GV *gv)>, C<AV* save_ary(GV *gv)>, C<HV* save_hash(GV *gv)>,
4550 C<void save_item(SV *item)>, C<void save_list(SV **sarg, I32 maxsarg)>,
4551 C<SV* save_svref(SV **sptr)>, C<void save_aptr(AV **aptr)>, C<void
4552 save_hptr(HV **hptr)>
4560 =item XSUBs and the Argument Stack
4562 =item Calling Perl Routines from within C Programs
4564 =item Memory Allocation
4568 =item Putting a C value on Perl stack
4572 =item Scratchpads and recursion
4582 =item Examining the tree
4584 =item Compile pass 1: check routines
4586 =item Compile pass 1a: constant folding
4588 =item Compile pass 2: context propagation
4590 =item Compile pass 3: peephole optimization
4592 =item Pluggable runops
4596 =item Examining internal data structures with the C<dump> functions
4598 =item How multiple interpreters and concurrency are supported
4602 =item Background and PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
4604 =item So what happened to dTHR?
4606 =item How do I use all this in extensions?
4608 =item Should I do anything special if I call perl from multiple threads?
4610 =item Future Plans and PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
4614 =item Internal Functions
4616 A, p, d, s, n, r, f, M, o, x, m, X, E, b
4620 =item Formatted Printing of IVs, UVs, and NVs
4622 =item Pointer-To-Integer and Integer-To-Pointer
4624 =item Exception Handling
4626 =item Source Documentation
4628 =item Backwards compatibility
4632 =item Unicode Support
4636 =item What B<is> Unicode, anyway?
4638 =item How can I recognise a UTF-8 string?
4640 =item How does UTF-8 represent Unicode characters?
4642 =item How does Perl store UTF-8 strings?
4644 =item How do I convert a string to UTF-8?
4646 =item Is there anything else I need to know?
4650 =item Custom Operators
4658 =head2 perlcall - Perl calling conventions from C
4664 An Error Handler, An Event Driven Program
4666 =item THE CALL_ FUNCTIONS
4668 call_sv, call_pv, call_method, call_argv
4688 =item Determining the Context
4692 =item KNOWN PROBLEMS
4698 =item No Parameters, Nothing returned
4700 =item Passing Parameters
4702 =item Returning a Scalar
4704 =item Returning a list of values
4706 =item Returning a list in a scalar context
4708 =item Returning Data from Perl via the parameter list
4712 =item Using G_KEEPERR
4716 =item Using call_argv
4718 =item Using call_method
4722 =item Using Perl to dispose of temporaries
4724 =item Strategies for storing Callback Context Information
4726 1. Ignore the problem - Allow only 1 callback, 2. Create a sequence of
4727 callbacks - hard wired limit, 3. Use a parameter to map to the Perl
4730 =item Alternate Stack Manipulation
4732 =item Creating and calling an anonymous subroutine in C
4744 =head2 perlapi - autogenerated documentation for the perl public API
4750 =item "Gimme" Values
4752 GIMME, GIMME_V, G_ARRAY, G_DISCARD, G_EVAL, G_NOARGS, G_SCALAR, G_VOID
4754 =item Array Manipulation Functions
4756 AvFILL, av_clear, av_delete, av_exists, av_extend, av_fetch, av_fill,
4757 av_len, av_make, av_pop, av_push, av_shift, av_store, av_undef, av_unshift,
4758 get_av, newAV, sortsv
4760 =item Callback Functions
4762 call_argv, call_method, call_pv, call_sv, ENTER, eval_pv, eval_sv,
4763 FREETMPS, LEAVE, SAVETMPS
4765 =item Character classes
4767 isALNUM, isALPHA, isDIGIT, isLOWER, isSPACE, isUPPER, toLOWER, toUPPER
4769 =item Cloning an interpreter
4773 =item CV Manipulation Functions
4777 =item Embedding Functions
4779 cv_undef, load_module, nothreadhook, perl_alloc, perl_construct,
4780 perl_destruct, perl_free, perl_parse, perl_run, require_pv
4782 =item Functions in file pp_pack.c
4784 packlist, pack_cat, unpackstring, unpack_str
4786 =item Global Variables
4788 PL_modglobal, PL_na, PL_sv_no, PL_sv_undef, PL_sv_yes
4792 GvSV, gv_fetchmeth, gv_fetchmethod, gv_fetchmethod_autoload,
4793 gv_fetchmeth_autoload, gv_stashpv, gv_stashpvn, gv_stashsv
4797 Nullav, Nullch, Nullcv, Nullhv, Nullsv
4799 =item Hash Manipulation Functions
4801 get_hv, HEf_SVKEY, HeHASH, HeKEY, HeKLEN, HePV, HeSVKEY, HeSVKEY_force,
4802 HeSVKEY_set, HeVAL, HvNAME, hv_assert, hv_clear, hv_clear_placeholders,
4803 hv_delete, hv_delete_ent, hv_exists, hv_exists_ent, hv_fetch, hv_fetch_ent,
4804 hv_iterinit, hv_iterkey, hv_iterkeysv, hv_iternext, hv_iternextsv,
4805 hv_iternext_flags, hv_iterval, hv_magic, hv_scalar, hv_store, hv_store_ent,
4808 =item Magical Functions
4810 mg_clear, mg_copy, mg_find, mg_free, mg_get, mg_length, mg_magical, mg_set,
4811 SvGETMAGIC, SvLOCK, SvSETMAGIC, SvSetMagicSV, SvSetMagicSV_nosteal,
4812 SvSetSV, SvSetSV_nosteal, SvSHARE, SvUNLOCK
4814 =item Memory Management
4816 Copy, CopyD, Move, MoveD, New, Newc, Newz, Poison, Renew, Renewc, Safefree,
4817 savepv, savepvn, savesharedpv, savesvpv, StructCopy, Zero, ZeroD
4819 =item Miscellaneous Functions
4821 fbm_compile, fbm_instr, form, getcwd_sv, new_version, scan_version, strEQ,
4822 strGE, strGT, strLE, strLT, strNE, strnEQ, strnNE, sv_nolocking,
4823 sv_nosharing, sv_nounlocking, upg_version, vcmp, vnormal, vnumify,
4826 =item Numeric functions
4828 grok_bin, grok_hex, grok_number, grok_numeric_radix, grok_oct, scan_bin,
4831 =item Optree Manipulation Functions
4833 cv_const_sv, newCONSTSUB, newXS
4835 =item Pad Data Structures
4839 =item Simple Exception Handling Macros
4841 dXCPT, XCPT_CATCH, XCPT_RETHROW, XCPT_TRY_END, XCPT_TRY_START
4843 =item Stack Manipulation Macros
4845 dMARK, dORIGMARK, dSP, EXTEND, MARK, mPUSHi, mPUSHn, mPUSHp, mPUSHu,
4846 mXPUSHi, mXPUSHn, mXPUSHp, mXPUSHu, ORIGMARK, POPi, POPl, POPn, POPp,
4847 POPpbytex, POPpx, POPs, PUSHi, PUSHMARK, PUSHmortal, PUSHn, PUSHp, PUSHs,
4848 PUSHu, PUTBACK, SP, SPAGAIN, XPUSHi, XPUSHmortal, XPUSHn, XPUSHp, XPUSHs,
4849 XPUSHu, XSRETURN, XSRETURN_EMPTY, XSRETURN_IV, XSRETURN_NO, XSRETURN_NV,
4850 XSRETURN_PV, XSRETURN_UNDEF, XSRETURN_UV, XSRETURN_YES, XST_mIV, XST_mNO,
4851 XST_mNV, XST_mPV, XST_mUNDEF, XST_mYES
4855 svtype, SVt_IV, SVt_NV, SVt_PV, SVt_PVAV, SVt_PVCV, SVt_PVHV, SVt_PVMG
4857 =item SV Manipulation Functions
4859 get_sv, looks_like_number, newRV_inc, newRV_noinc, NEWSV, newSV, newSVhek,
4860 newSViv, newSVnv, newSVpv, newSVpvf, newSVpvn, newSVpvn_share, newSVrv,
4861 newSVsv, newSVuv, SvCUR, SvCUR_set, SvEND, SvGROW, SvIOK, SvIOKp,
4862 SvIOK_notUV, SvIOK_off, SvIOK_on, SvIOK_only, SvIOK_only_UV, SvIOK_UV,
4863 SvIsCOW, SvIsCOW_shared_hash, SvIV, SvIVX, SvIVx, SvIV_nomg, SvIV_set,
4864 SvLEN, SvLEN_set, SvMAGIC_set, SvNIOK, SvNIOKp, SvNIOK_off, SvNOK, SvNOKp,
4865 SvNOK_off, SvNOK_on, SvNOK_only, SvNV, SvNVX, SvNVx, SvNV_set, SvOK, SvOOK,
4866 SvPOK, SvPOKp, SvPOK_off, SvPOK_on, SvPOK_only, SvPOK_only_UTF8, SvPV,
4867 SvPVbyte, SvPVbytex, SvPVbytex_force, SvPVbyte_force, SvPVbyte_nolen,
4868 SvPVutf8, SvPVutf8x, SvPVutf8x_force, SvPVutf8_force, SvPVutf8_nolen,
4869 SvPVX, SvPVx, SvPV_force, SvPV_force_nomg, SvPV_nolen, SvPV_nomg, SvPV_set,
4870 SvREFCNT, SvREFCNT_dec, SvREFCNT_inc, SvROK, SvROK_off, SvROK_on, SvRV,
4871 SvRV_set, SvSTASH, SvSTASH_set, SvTAINT, SvTAINTED, SvTAINTED_off,
4872 SvTAINTED_on, SvTRUE, SvTYPE, SvUOK, SvUPGRADE, SvUTF8, SvUTF8_off,
4873 SvUTF8_on, SvUV, SvUVX, SvUVx, SvUV_nomg, SvUV_set, SvVOK, sv_2bool,
4874 sv_2cv, sv_2io, sv_2iv_flags, sv_2mortal, sv_2nv, sv_2pvbyte,
4875 sv_2pvbyte_nolen, sv_2pvutf8, sv_2pvutf8_nolen, sv_2pv_flags, sv_2pv_nolen,
4876 sv_2uv_flags, sv_backoff, sv_bless, sv_catpv, sv_catpvf, sv_catpvf_mg,
4877 sv_catpvn, sv_catpvn_flags, sv_catpvn_mg, sv_catpvn_nomg, sv_catpv_mg,
4878 sv_catsv, sv_catsv_flags, sv_catsv_mg, sv_catsv_nomg, sv_chop, sv_clear,
4879 sv_cmp, sv_cmp_locale, sv_collxfrm, sv_copypv, sv_dec, sv_derived_from,
4880 sv_eq, sv_force_normal, sv_force_normal_flags, sv_free, sv_gets, sv_grow,
4881 sv_inc, sv_insert, sv_isa, sv_isobject, sv_iv, sv_len, sv_len_utf8,
4882 sv_magic, sv_magicext, sv_mortalcopy, sv_newmortal, sv_newref, sv_nv,
4883 sv_pos_b2u, sv_pos_u2b, sv_pv, sv_pvbyte, sv_pvbyten, sv_pvbyten_force,
4884 sv_pvn, sv_pvn_force, sv_pvn_force_flags, sv_pvutf8, sv_pvutf8n,
4885 sv_pvutf8n_force, sv_reftype, sv_replace, sv_report_used, sv_reset,
4886 sv_rvweaken, sv_setiv, sv_setiv_mg, sv_setnv, sv_setnv_mg, sv_setpv,
4887 sv_setpvf, sv_setpvf_mg, sv_setpviv, sv_setpviv_mg, sv_setpvn,
4888 sv_setpvn_mg, sv_setpv_mg, sv_setref_iv, sv_setref_nv, sv_setref_pv,
4889 sv_setref_pvn, sv_setref_uv, sv_setsv, sv_setsv_flags, sv_setsv_mg,
4890 sv_setsv_nomg, sv_setuv, sv_setuv_mg, sv_taint, sv_tainted, sv_true,
4891 sv_unmagic, sv_unref, sv_unref_flags, sv_untaint, sv_upgrade, sv_usepvn,
4892 sv_usepvn_mg, sv_utf8_decode, sv_utf8_downgrade, sv_utf8_encode,
4893 sv_utf8_upgrade, sv_utf8_upgrade_flags, sv_uv, sv_vcatpvf, sv_vcatpvfn,
4894 sv_vcatpvf_mg, sv_vsetpvf, sv_vsetpvfn, sv_vsetpvf_mg
4896 =item Unicode Support
4898 bytes_from_utf8, bytes_to_utf8, ibcmp_utf8, is_utf8_char, is_utf8_string,
4899 is_utf8_string_loc, is_utf8_string_loclen, pv_uni_display, sv_cat_decode,
4900 sv_recode_to_utf8, sv_uni_display, to_utf8_case, to_utf8_fold,
4901 to_utf8_lower, to_utf8_title, to_utf8_upper, utf8n_to_uvchr,
4902 utf8n_to_uvuni, utf8_distance, utf8_hop, utf8_length, utf8_to_bytes,
4903 utf8_to_uvchr, utf8_to_uvuni, uvchr_to_utf8, uvuni_to_utf8_flags
4905 =item Variables created by C<xsubpp> and C<xsubpp> internal functions
4907 ax, CLASS, dAX, dAXMARK, dITEMS, dUNDERBAR, dXSARGS, dXSI32, items, ix,
4908 newXSproto, RETVAL, ST, THIS, UNDERBAR, XS, XS_VERSION,
4909 XS_VERSION_BOOTCHECK
4911 =item Warning and Dieing
4921 =head2 perlintern - autogenerated documentation of purely B<internal>
4928 =item CV reference counts and CvOUTSIDE
4932 =item Functions in file pad.h
4934 CX_CURPAD_SAVE, CX_CURPAD_SV, PAD_BASE_SV, PAD_CLONE_VARS,
4935 PAD_COMPNAME_FLAGS, PAD_COMPNAME_GEN, PAD_COMPNAME_GEN_set,
4936 PAD_COMPNAME_OURSTASH, PAD_COMPNAME_PV, PAD_COMPNAME_TYPE, PAD_DUP,
4937 PAD_RESTORE_LOCAL, PAD_SAVE_LOCAL, PAD_SAVE_SETNULLPAD, PAD_SETSV,
4938 PAD_SET_CUR, PAD_SET_CUR_NOSAVE, PAD_SV, PAD_SVl, SAVECLEARSV, SAVECOMPPAD,
4941 =item Functions in file pp_ctl.c
4945 =item Global Variables
4947 PL_DBsingle, PL_DBsub, PL_DBtrace, PL_dowarn, PL_last_in_gv, PL_ofs_sv,
4952 is_gv_magical, is_gv_magical_sv
4958 =item Magical Functions
4962 =item Pad Data Structures
4964 CvPADLIST, cv_clone, cv_dump, do_dump_pad, intro_my, pad_add_anon,
4965 pad_add_name, pad_alloc, pad_block_start, pad_check_dup, pad_findlex,
4966 pad_findmy, pad_fixup_inner_anons, pad_free, pad_leavemy, pad_new,
4967 pad_push, pad_reset, pad_setsv, pad_swipe, pad_tidy, pad_undef
4969 =item Stack Manipulation Macros
4973 =item SV Manipulation Functions
4975 find_uninit_var, report_uninit, sv_add_arena, sv_clean_all, sv_clean_objs,
4984 =head2 perliol - C API for Perl's implementation of IO in Layers.
4994 =item History and Background
4996 =item Basic Structure
4998 =item Layers vs Disciplines
5000 =item Data Structures
5002 =item Functions and Attributes
5004 =item Per-instance Data
5006 =item Layers in action.
5008 =item Per-instance flag bits
5010 PERLIO_F_EOF, PERLIO_F_CANWRITE, PERLIO_F_CANREAD, PERLIO_F_ERROR,
5011 PERLIO_F_TRUNCATE, PERLIO_F_APPEND, PERLIO_F_CRLF, PERLIO_F_UTF8,
5012 PERLIO_F_UNBUF, PERLIO_F_WRBUF, PERLIO_F_RDBUF, PERLIO_F_LINEBUF,
5013 PERLIO_F_TEMP, PERLIO_F_OPEN, PERLIO_F_FASTGETS
5015 =item Methods in Detail
5017 fsize, name, size, kind, PERLIO_K_BUFFERED, PERLIO_K_RAW, PERLIO_K_CANCRLF,
5018 PERLIO_K_FASTGETS, PERLIO_K_MULTIARG, Pushed, Popped, Open, Binmode,
5019 Getarg, Fileno, Dup, Read, Write, Seek, Tell, Close, Flush, Fill, Eof,
5020 Error, Clearerr, Setlinebuf, Get_base, Get_bufsiz, Get_ptr, Get_cnt,
5025 =item Implementing PerlIO Layers
5027 C implementations, Perl implementations
5031 "unix", "perlio", "stdio", "crlf", "mmap", "pending", "raw", "utf8"
5033 =item Extension Layers
5035 ":encoding", ":scalar", ":via"
5043 =head2 perlapio - perl's IO abstraction interface.
5051 1. USE_STDIO, 2. USE_SFIO, 3. USE_PERLIO, B<PerlIO_stdin()>,
5052 B<PerlIO_stdout()>, B<PerlIO_stderr()>, B<PerlIO_open(path, mode)>,
5053 B<PerlIO_fdopen(fd,mode)>, B<PerlIO_reopen(path,mode,f)>,
5054 B<PerlIO_printf(f,fmt,...)>, B<PerlIO_vprintf(f,fmt,a)>,
5055 B<PerlIO_stdoutf(fmt,...)>, B<PerlIO_read(f,buf,count)>,
5056 B<PerlIO_write(f,buf,count)>, B<PerlIO_close(f)>, B<PerlIO_puts(f,s)>,
5057 B<PerlIO_putc(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_ungetc(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_getc(f)>,
5058 B<PerlIO_eof(f)>, B<PerlIO_error(f)>, B<PerlIO_fileno(f)>,
5059 B<PerlIO_clearerr(f)>, B<PerlIO_flush(f)>, B<PerlIO_seek(f,offset,whence)>,
5060 B<PerlIO_tell(f)>, B<PerlIO_getpos(f,p)>, B<PerlIO_setpos(f,p)>,
5061 B<PerlIO_rewind(f)>, B<PerlIO_tmpfile()>, B<PerlIO_setlinebuf(f)>
5065 =item Co-existence with stdio
5067 B<PerlIO_importFILE(f,mode)>, B<PerlIO_exportFILE(f,mode)>,
5068 B<PerlIO_releaseFILE(p,f)>, B<PerlIO_findFILE(f)>
5070 =item "Fast gets" Functions
5072 B<PerlIO_fast_gets(f)>, B<PerlIO_has_cntptr(f)>, B<PerlIO_get_cnt(f)>,
5073 B<PerlIO_get_ptr(f)>, B<PerlIO_set_ptrcnt(f,p,c)>, B<PerlIO_canset_cnt(f)>,
5074 B<PerlIO_set_cnt(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_has_base(f)>, B<PerlIO_get_base(f)>,
5075 B<PerlIO_get_bufsiz(f)>
5077 =item Other Functions
5079 PerlIO_apply_layers(f,mode,layers), PerlIO_binmode(f,ptype,imode,layers),
5080 'E<lt>' read, 'E<gt>' write, '+' read/write, PerlIO_debug(fmt,...)
5086 =head2 perlhack - How to hack at the Perl internals
5092 Does concept match the general goals of Perl?, Where is the
5093 implementation?, Backwards compatibility, Could it be a module instead?, Is
5094 the feature generic enough?, Does it potentially introduce new bugs?, Does
5095 it preclude other desirable features?, Is the implementation robust?, Is
5096 the implementation generic enough to be portable?, Is the implementation
5097 tested?, Is there enough documentation?, Is there another way to do it?,
5098 Does it create too much work?, Patches speak louder than words
5102 =item Keeping in sync
5104 rsync'ing the source tree, Using rsync over the LAN, Using pushing over the
5105 NFS, rsync'ing the patches
5107 =item Why rsync the source tree
5109 It's easier to rsync the source tree, It's more reliable
5111 =item Why rsync the patches
5113 It's easier to rsync the patches, It's a good reference, Finding a start
5114 point, Finding how to fix a bug, Finding the source of misbehaviour
5116 =item Working with the source
5118 =item Perlbug administration
5120 =item Submitting patches
5122 L<perlguts>, L<perlxstut> and L<perlxs>, L<perlapi>,
5123 F<Porting/pumpkin.pod>, The perl5-porters FAQ
5125 =item Finding Your Way Around
5127 Core modules, Tests, Documentation, Configure, Interpreter
5129 =item Elements of the interpreter
5131 Startup, Parsing, Optimization, Running, Exception handing
5133 =item Internal Variable Types
5139 Argument stack, Mark stack, Save stack
5141 =item Millions of Macros
5143 =item The .i Targets
5145 =item Poking at Perl
5147 =item Using a source-level debugger
5149 run [args], break function_name, break source.c:xxx, step, next, continue,
5150 finish, 'enter', print
5152 =item gdb macro support
5154 =item Dumping Perl Data Structures
5158 =item Patching a core module
5160 =item Adding a new function to the core
5162 =item Writing a test
5164 F<t/base/>, F<t/cmd/>, F<t/comp/>, F<t/io/>, F<t/lib/>, F<t/op/>,
5165 F<t/pod/>, F<t/run/>, F<t/uni/>, F<t/win32/>, F<t/x2p>, t/base t/comp,
5166 t/cmd t/run t/io t/op, t/lib ext lib
5168 =item Special Make Test Targets
5170 coretest, test.deparse, test.taintwarn, minitest, test.valgrind
5171 check.valgrind utest.valgrind ucheck.valgrind, test.third check.third
5172 utest.third ucheck.third, test.torture torturetest, utest ucheck test.utf8
5173 check.utf8, minitest.utf16 test.utf16, test_harness, test-notty test_notty
5175 =item Running tests by hand
5177 -v, -torture, -re=PATTERN, -re LIST OF PATTERNS, PERL_CORE=1,
5178 PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL=2, PERL, PERL_SKIP_TTY_TEST
5182 =item EXTERNAL TOOLS FOR DEBUGGING PERL
5186 =item Rational Software's Purify
5188 =item Purify on Unix
5190 -Accflags=-DPURIFY, -Doptimize='-g', -Uusemymalloc, -Dusemultiplicity
5194 DEFINES, USE_MULTI = define, #PERL_MALLOC = define, CFG = Debug
5198 =item Compaq's/Digital's/HP's Third Degree
5200 =item PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL
5204 =item Gprof Profiling
5206 -a, -b, -e routine, -f routine, -s, -z
5208 =item GCC gcov Profiling
5210 =item Pixie Profiling
5212 -h, -l, -p[rocedures], -h[eavy], -i[nvocations], -l[ines], -testcoverage,
5215 =item Miscellaneous tricks
5219 I<The Road goes ever on and on, down from the door where it began.>
5227 =head2 perlbook - Perl book information
5235 =head2 perltodo - Perl TO-DO List
5245 =item (?{...}) closures in regexps
5247 =item A re-entrant regexp engine
5253 =item lexical pragmas
5255 =item use less 'memory'
5259 =item prototypes and functions
5263 =item _ prototype character
5265 =item inlining autoloaded constants
5267 =item Finish off lvalue functions
5271 =item Unicode and UTF8
5275 =item Implicit Latin 1 => Unicode translation
5277 =item UTF8 caching code
5279 =item Unicode in Filenames
5281 =item Unicode in %ENV
5289 =item regexp optimiser optional
5297 =item POD -> HTML conversion still sucks
5301 =item Misc medium sized projects
5307 =item optional optimizer
5309 =item You WANT *how* many
5311 =item lexical aliases
5317 =item entersub XS vs Perl
5319 =item @INC source filter to Filter::Simple
5321 =item bincompat functions
5323 =item Use fchown/fchmod internally
5325 =item Constant folding
5333 =item Make Schwern poorer
5337 =item common test code for timed bailout
5345 =item compressed man pages
5347 =item Make Config.pm cope with differences between build and installed perl
5349 =item Relocatable perl
5351 =item make HTML install work
5353 =item put patchlevel in -v
5357 =item Incremental things
5361 =item autovivification
5363 =item fix tainting bugs
5365 =item Make tainting consistent
5367 =item Dual life everything
5377 =item POSIX memory footprint
5379 =item Optimize away @_
5383 =item Attach/detach debugger from running program
5385 =item A decent benchmark
5387 =item readpipe(LIST)
5395 =head2 perldoc - Look up Perl documentation in Pod format.
5405 B<-h>, B<-v>, B<-t>, B<-u>, B<-m> I<module>, B<-l>, B<-F>, B<-f>
5406 I<perlfunc>, B<-q> I<perlfaq-search-regexp>, B<-T>, B<-d>
5407 I<destination-filename>, B<-o> I<output-formatname>, B<-M> I<module-name>,
5408 B<-w> I<option:value> or B<-w> I<option>, B<-X>,
5409 B<PageName|ModuleName|ProgramName>, B<-n> I<some-formatter>, B<-r>, B<-i>,
5420 =head2 perlhist - the Perl history records
5428 =item THE KEEPERS OF THE PUMPKIN
5440 =item SELECTED RELEASE SIZES
5442 =item SELECTED PATCH SIZES
5446 =item THE KEEPERS OF THE RECORDS
5450 =head2 perldelta - what is new for perl v5.9.3
5456 =item Incompatible Changes
5458 =item Core Enhancements
5460 =item Modules and Pragmata
5462 =item Utility Changes
5466 =item Performance Enhancements
5468 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
5470 =item Selected Bug Fixes
5472 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
5474 =item Changed Internals
5476 =item Known Problems
5480 =item Platform Specific Problems
5484 =item Reporting Bugs
5490 =head2 perl593delta, perldelta - what is new for perl v5.9.3
5496 =item Incompatible Changes
5498 =item Core Enhancements
5500 =item Modules and Pragmata
5502 =item Utility Changes
5506 =item Performance Enhancements
5508 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
5510 =item Selected Bug Fixes
5512 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
5514 =item Changed Internals
5516 =item Known Problems
5520 =item Platform Specific Problems
5524 =item Reporting Bugs
5530 =head2 perl592delta, perldelta - what is new for perl v5.9.2
5536 =item Incompatible Changes
5540 =item Packing and UTF-8 strings
5546 =item Core Enhancements
5550 =item Malloc wrapping
5552 =item Unicode Character Database 4.0.1
5554 =item suidperl less insecure
5560 =item Unicode Character Classes
5562 =item Byte-order modifiers for pack() and unpack()
5564 =item Byte count feature in pack()
5570 =item Modules and Pragmata
5576 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
5578 B::Concise, Socket, Sys::Syslog, threads
5582 =item Utility Changes
5584 =item Performance Enhancements
5586 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
5588 =item Selected Bug Fixes
5590 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
5592 =item Changed Internals
5594 =item Known Problems
5596 =item Plans for the next release
5598 =item Reporting Bugs
5604 =head2 perl591delta, perldelta - what is new for perl v5.9.1
5610 =item Incompatible Changes
5614 =item substr() lvalues are no longer fixed-length
5616 =item The C<:unique> attribute is only meaningful for globals
5620 =item Core Enhancements
5626 =item Tied hashes in scalar context
5630 =item Stacked filetest operators
5634 =item Modules and Pragmata
5636 Benchmark, Carp, Exporter, FindBin, List::Util, threads::shared
5638 =item Utility Changes
5642 =item Performance Enhancements
5644 =item Selected Bug Fixes
5650 =item Threading bugs
5656 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
5658 =item Changed Internals
5662 =item Reordering of SVt_* constants
5664 =item Removal of CPP symbols
5666 =item Less space is used by ops
5672 =item Configuration and Building
5674 =item Known Problems
5678 =item Platform Specific Problems
5682 =item To-do for perl 5.10.0
5684 =item Reporting Bugs
5690 =head2 perl590delta, perldelta - what is new for perl v5.9.0
5696 =item Incompatible Changes
5700 =item Hash Randomisation
5702 =item UTF-8 On Filehandles No Longer Activated By Locale
5704 =item Single-number v-strings are no longer v-strings before "=>"
5706 =item (Win32) The -C Switch Has Been Repurposed
5708 =item (Win32) The /d Switch Of cmd.exe
5710 =item The C<$*> variable has been removed
5714 =item Core Enhancements
5720 =item Defined-or operators
5722 =item UTF-8 no longer default under UTF-8 locales
5724 =item Unsafe signals again available
5726 =item Tied Arrays with Negative Array Indices
5730 =item Unicode Character Database 4.0.0
5732 =item Miscellaneous Enhancements
5736 =item Modules and Pragmata
5740 =item Updated Modules And Pragmata
5742 base, B::Bytecode, B::Concise, B::Deparse, Benchmark, ByteLoader, bytes,
5743 CGI, charnames, CPAN, Data::Dumper, DB_File, Devel::PPPort, Digest::MD5,
5744 Encode, fields, libnet, Math::BigInt, MIME::Base64, NEXT, Net::Ping,
5745 PerlIO::scalar, podlators, Pod::LaTeX, PodParsers, Pod::Perldoc,
5746 Scalar::Util, Storable, strict, Term::ANSIcolor, Test::Harness, Test::More,
5747 Test::Simple, Text::Balanced, Time::HiRes, threads, threads::shared,
5748 Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Normalize, Win32::GetFolderPath,
5753 =item Utility Changes
5755 =item New Documentation
5757 =item Performance Enhancements
5759 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
5763 =item Platform-specific enhancements
5767 =item Selected Bug Fixes
5771 =item Closures, eval and lexicals
5775 =item Platform-specific fixes
5779 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
5783 =item Changed "A thread exited while %d threads were running"
5785 =item Removed "Attempt to clear a restricted hash"
5787 =item New "Illegal declaration of anonymous subroutine"
5789 =item Changed "Invalid range "%s" in transliteration operator"
5791 =item New "Missing control char name in \c"
5793 =item New "Newline in left-justified string for %s"
5795 =item New "Possible precedence problem on bitwise %c operator"
5797 =item New "read() on %s filehandle %s"
5799 =item New "Tied variable freed while still in use"
5801 =item New "To%s: illegal mapping '%s'"
5803 =item New "Use of freed value in iteration"
5807 =item Changed Internals
5811 =item Known Problems
5815 =item Tied hashes in scalar context
5817 =item Net::Ping 450_service and 510_ping_udp failures
5823 =item Platform Specific Problems
5827 =item EBCDIC Platforms
5829 =item Cygwin 1.5 problems
5831 =item HP-UX: HP cc warnings about sendfile and sendpath
5833 =item IRIX: t/uni/tr_7jis.t falsely failing
5835 =item Mac OS X: no usemymalloc
5837 =item Tru64: No threaded builds with GNU cc (gcc)
5839 =item Win32: sysopen, sysread, syswrite
5845 =item Reporting Bugs
5851 =head2 perl587delta, perldelta - what is new for perl v5.8.7
5857 =item Incompatible Changes
5859 =item Core Enhancements
5863 =item Unicode Character Database 4.1.0
5865 =item suidperl less insecure
5867 =item Optional site customization script
5869 =item C<Config.pm> is now much smaller.
5873 =item Modules and Pragmata
5875 =item Utility Changes
5879 =item find2perl enhancements
5883 =item Performance Enhancements
5885 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
5887 =item Selected Bug Fixes
5889 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
5891 =item Changed Internals
5893 =item Known Problems
5895 =item Platform Specific Problems
5897 =item Reporting Bugs
5903 =head2 perl586delta - what is new for perl v5.8.6
5909 =item Incompatible Changes
5911 =item Core Enhancements
5913 =item Modules and Pragmata
5915 =item Utility Changes
5917 =item Performance Enhancements
5919 =item Selected Bug Fixes
5921 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
5923 =item Changed Internals
5927 =item Reporting Bugs
5933 =head2 perl585delta - what is new for perl v5.8.5
5939 =item Incompatible Changes
5941 =item Core Enhancements
5943 =item Modules and Pragmata
5945 =item Utility Changes
5949 =item Perl's debugger
5955 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
5957 =item Selected Bug Fixes
5959 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
5961 =item Changed Internals
5963 =item Known Problems
5965 =item Platform Specific Problems
5967 =item Reporting Bugs
5973 =head2 perl584delta - what is new for perl v5.8.4
5979 =item Incompatible Changes
5981 =item Core Enhancements
5985 =item Malloc wrapping
5987 =item Unicode Character Database 4.0.1
5989 =item suidperl less insecure
5995 =item Modules and Pragmata
5999 =item Updated modules
6001 Attribute::Handlers, B, Benchmark, CGI, Carp, Cwd, Exporter, File::Find,
6002 IO, IPC::Open3, Local::Maketext, Math::BigFloat, Math::BigInt,
6003 Math::BigRat, MIME::Base64, ODBM_File, POSIX, Shell, Socket, Storable,
6004 Switch, Sys::Syslog, Term::ANSIColor, Time::HiRes, Unicode::UCD, Win32,
6005 base, open, threads, utf8
6009 =item Performance Enhancements
6011 =item Utility Changes
6013 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
6015 =item Selected Bug Fixes
6017 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
6019 =item Changed Internals
6021 =item Future Directions
6023 =item Platform Specific Problems
6025 =item Reporting Bugs
6031 =head2 perl583delta - what is new for perl v5.8.3
6037 =item Incompatible Changes
6039 =item Core Enhancements
6041 =item Modules and Pragmata
6043 CGI, Cwd, Digest, Digest::MD5, Encode, File::Spec, FindBin, List::Util,
6044 Math::BigInt, PodParser, Pod::Perldoc, POSIX, Unicode::Collate,
6045 Unicode::Normalize, Test::Harness, threads::shared
6047 =item Utility Changes
6049 =item New Documentation
6051 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
6053 =item Selected Bug Fixes
6055 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
6057 =item Changed Internals
6059 =item Configuration and Building
6061 =item Platform Specific Problems
6063 =item Known Problems
6065 =item Future Directions
6069 =item Reporting Bugs
6075 =head2 perl582delta - what is new for perl v5.8.2
6081 =item Incompatible Changes
6083 =item Core Enhancements
6087 =item Hash Randomisation
6093 =item Modules and Pragmata
6097 =item Updated Modules And Pragmata
6099 Devel::PPPort, Digest::MD5, I18N::LangTags, libnet, MIME::Base64,
6100 Pod::Perldoc, strict, Tie::Hash, Time::HiRes, Unicode::Collate,
6101 Unicode::Normalize, UNIVERSAL
6105 =item Selected Bug Fixes
6107 =item Changed Internals
6109 =item Platform Specific Problems
6111 =item Future Directions
6113 =item Reporting Bugs
6119 =head2 perl581delta - what is new for perl v5.8.1
6125 =item Incompatible Changes
6129 =item Hash Randomisation
6131 =item UTF-8 On Filehandles No Longer Activated By Locale
6133 =item Single-number v-strings are no longer v-strings before "=>"
6135 =item (Win32) The -C Switch Has Been Repurposed
6137 =item (Win32) The /d Switch Of cmd.exe
6141 =item Core Enhancements
6145 =item UTF-8 no longer default under UTF-8 locales
6147 =item Unsafe signals again available
6149 =item Tied Arrays with Negative Array Indices
6153 =item Unicode Character Database 4.0.0
6155 =item Deprecation Warnings
6157 =item Miscellaneous Enhancements
6161 =item Modules and Pragmata
6165 =item Updated Modules And Pragmata
6167 base, B::Bytecode, B::Concise, B::Deparse, Benchmark, ByteLoader, bytes,
6168 CGI, charnames, CPAN, Data::Dumper, DB_File, Devel::PPPort, Digest::MD5,
6169 Encode, fields, libnet, Math::BigInt, MIME::Base64, NEXT, Net::Ping,
6170 PerlIO::scalar, podlators, Pod::LaTeX, PodParsers, Pod::Perldoc,
6171 Scalar::Util, Storable, strict, Term::ANSIcolor, Test::Harness, Test::More,
6172 Test::Simple, Text::Balanced, Time::HiRes, threads, threads::shared,
6173 Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Normalize, Win32::GetFolderPath,
6178 =item Utility Changes
6180 =item New Documentation
6182 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
6186 =item Platform-specific enhancements
6190 =item Selected Bug Fixes
6194 =item Closures, eval and lexicals
6198 =item Platform-specific fixes
6202 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
6206 =item Changed "A thread exited while %d threads were running"
6208 =item Removed "Attempt to clear a restricted hash"
6210 =item New "Illegal declaration of anonymous subroutine"
6212 =item Changed "Invalid range "%s" in transliteration operator"
6214 =item New "Missing control char name in \c"
6216 =item New "Newline in left-justified string for %s"
6218 =item New "Possible precedence problem on bitwise %c operator"
6220 =item New "Pseudo-hashes are deprecated"
6222 =item New "read() on %s filehandle %s"
6224 =item New "5.005 threads are deprecated"
6226 =item New "Tied variable freed while still in use"
6228 =item New "To%s: illegal mapping '%s'"
6230 =item New "Use of freed value in iteration"
6234 =item Changed Internals
6238 =item Known Problems
6242 =item Tied hashes in scalar context
6244 =item Net::Ping 450_service and 510_ping_udp failures
6250 =item Platform Specific Problems
6254 =item EBCDIC Platforms
6256 =item Cygwin 1.5 problems
6258 =item HP-UX: HP cc warnings about sendfile and sendpath
6260 =item IRIX: t/uni/tr_7jis.t falsely failing
6262 =item Mac OS X: no usemymalloc
6264 =item Tru64: No threaded builds with GNU cc (gcc)
6266 =item Win32: sysopen, sysread, syswrite
6270 =item Future Directions
6272 =item Reporting Bugs
6278 =head2 perl58delta - what is new for perl v5.8.0
6284 =item Highlights In 5.8.0
6286 =item Incompatible Changes
6290 =item Binary Incompatibility
6292 =item 64-bit platforms and malloc
6294 =item AIX Dynaloading
6296 =item Attributes for C<my> variables now handled at run-time
6298 =item Socket Extension Dynamic in VMS
6300 =item IEEE-format Floating Point Default on OpenVMS Alpha
6302 =item New Unicode Semantics (no more C<use utf8>, almost)
6304 =item New Unicode Properties
6306 =item REF(...) Instead Of SCALAR(...)
6308 =item pack/unpack D/F recycled
6310 =item glob() now returns filenames in alphabetical order
6316 =item Core Enhancements
6320 =item Unicode Overhaul
6322 =item PerlIO is Now The Default
6326 =item Restricted Hashes
6330 =item Understanding of Numbers
6332 =item Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings [561]
6334 =item Miscellaneous Changes
6338 =item Modules and Pragmata
6342 =item New Modules and Pragmata
6344 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
6348 =item Utility Changes
6350 =item New Documentation
6352 =item Performance Enhancements
6354 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
6358 =item Generic Improvements
6360 =item New Or Improved Platforms
6364 =item Selected Bug Fixes
6368 =item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
6372 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
6374 =item Changed Internals
6376 =item Security Vulnerability Closed [561]
6380 =item Known Problems
6384 =item The Compiler Suite Is Still Very Experimental
6386 =item Localising Tied Arrays and Hashes Is Broken
6388 =item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
6390 =item Modifying $_ Inside for(..)
6392 =item mod_perl 1.26 Doesn't Build With Threaded Perl
6394 =item lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
6396 =item libwww-perl (LWP) fails base/date #51
6398 =item PDL failing some tests
6402 =item Self-tying Problems
6404 =item ext/threads/t/libc
6406 =item Failure of Thread (5.005-style) tests
6408 =item Timing problems
6410 =item Tied/Magical Array/Hash Elements Do Not Autovivify
6412 =item Unicode in package/class and subroutine names does not work
6416 =item Platform Specific Problems
6422 =item Alpha systems with old gccs fail several tests
6428 =item Cygwin "unable to remap"
6430 =item Cygwin ndbm tests fail on FAT
6432 =item DJGPP Failures
6434 =item FreeBSD built with ithreads coredumps reading large directories
6436 =item FreeBSD Failing locale Test 117 For ISO 8859-15 Locales
6438 =item IRIX fails ext/List/Util/t/shuffle.t or Digest::MD5
6440 =item HP-UX lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails When LP64-Configured
6442 =item Linux with glibc 2.2.5 fails t/op/int subtest #6 with -Duse64bitint
6444 =item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
6448 =item Mac OS X dyld undefined symbols
6450 =item OS/2 Test Failures
6452 =item op/sprintf tests 91, 129, and 130
6458 =item Solaris x86 Fails Tests With -Duse64bitint
6460 =item SUPER-UX (NEC SX)
6462 =item Term::ReadKey not working on Win32
6474 =item XML::Parser not working
6478 =item Unicode Support on EBCDIC Still Spotty
6480 =item Seen In Perl 5.7 But Gone Now
6484 =item Reporting Bugs
6492 =head2 perl573delta - what's new for perl v5.7.3
6500 =item Reporting Bugs
6508 =head2 perl572delta - what's new for perl v5.7.2
6514 =item Security Vulnerability Closed
6516 =item Incompatible Changes
6520 =item 64-bit platforms and malloc
6522 =item AIX Dynaloading
6524 =item Socket Extension Dynamic in VMS
6526 =item Different Definition of the Unicode Character Classes \p{In...}
6532 =item Core Enhancements
6534 =item Modules and Pragmata
6538 =item New Modules and Distributions
6540 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
6544 =item Utility Changes
6546 =item New Documentation
6548 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
6552 =item New Or Improved Platforms
6554 =item Generic Improvements
6558 =item Selected Bug Fixes
6562 =item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
6566 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
6568 =item Source Code Enhancements
6572 =item MAGIC constants
6574 =item Better commented code
6576 =item Regex pre-/post-compilation items matched up
6584 =item Known Problems
6590 =item Amiga Perl Invoking Mystery
6592 =item lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
6594 =item Cygwin intermittent failures of lib/Memoize/t/expire_file 11 and 12
6596 =item HP-UX lib/io_multihomed Fails When LP64-Configured
6598 =item HP-UX lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails When LP64-Configured
6600 =item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
6604 =item op/sprintf tests 129 and 130
6606 =item Failure of Thread tests
6616 =item Localising a Tied Variable Leaks Memory
6618 =item Self-tying of Arrays and Hashes Is Forbidden
6620 =item Variable Attributes are not Currently Usable for Tieing
6622 =item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
6624 =item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental
6626 =item The Long Double Support is Still Experimental
6630 =item Reporting Bugs
6638 =head2 perl571delta - what's new for perl v5.7.1
6644 =item Security Vulnerability Closed
6646 =item Incompatible Changes
6648 =item Core Enhancements
6652 =item AUTOLOAD Is Now Lvaluable
6654 =item PerlIO is Now The Default
6656 =item Signals Are Now Safe
6660 =item Modules and Pragmata
6666 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
6670 =item Performance Enhancements
6672 =item Utility Changes
6674 =item New Documentation
6690 =item README.solaris
6694 =item Porting/repository.pod
6698 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
6702 =item New Or Improved Platforms
6704 =item Generic Improvements
6706 d_cmsghdr, d_fcntl_can_lock, d_fsync, d_getitimer, d_getpagsz, d_msghdr_s,
6707 need_va_copy, d_readv, d_recvmsg, d_sendmsg, sig_size, d_sockatmark,
6708 d_strtoq, d_u32align, d_ualarm, d_usleep
6712 =item Selected Bug Fixes
6716 =item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
6720 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
6722 =item Changed Internals
6726 =item Known Problems
6730 =item AIX vac 5.0.0.0 May Produce Buggy Code For Perl
6732 =item lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
6734 =item lib/io_multihomed Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
6736 =item Test lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
6740 =item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
6742 =item sigaction test 13 in VMS
6744 =item sprintf tests 129 and 130
6746 =item Failure of Thread tests
6748 =item Localising a Tied Variable Leaks Memory
6750 =item Self-tying of Arrays and Hashes Is Forbidden
6752 =item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
6754 =item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental
6758 =item Reporting Bugs
6766 =head2 perl570delta - what's new for perl v5.7.0
6772 =item Security Vulnerability Closed
6774 =item Incompatible Changes
6776 =item Core Enhancements
6778 =item Modules and Pragmata
6784 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
6788 =item Utility Changes
6790 =item New Documentation
6792 =item Performance Enhancements
6794 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
6798 =item Generic Improvements
6802 =item Selected Bug Fixes
6806 =item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
6810 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
6812 =item Changed Internals
6814 =item Known Problems
6818 =item Unicode Support Still Far From Perfect
6820 =item EBCDIC Still A Lost Platform
6822 =item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
6824 =item ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
6826 =item Test lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
6828 =item Long Doubles Still Don't Work In Solaris
6830 =item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
6832 =item Storable tests fail in some platforms
6834 =item Threads Are Still Experimental
6836 =item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental
6840 =item Reporting Bugs
6848 =head2 perl561delta - what's new for perl v5.6.x
6854 =item Summary of changes between 5.6.0 and 5.6.1
6858 =item Security Issues
6860 =item Core bug fixes
6862 C<UNIVERSAL::isa()>, Memory leaks, Numeric conversions, qw(a\\b), caller(),
6863 Bugs in regular expressions, "slurp" mode, Autovivification of symbolic
6864 references to special variables, Lexical warnings, Spurious warnings and
6865 errors, glob(), Tainting, sort(), #line directives, Subroutine prototypes,
6866 map(), Debugger, PERL5OPT, chop(), Unicode support, 64-bit support,
6867 Compiler, Lvalue subroutines, IO::Socket, File::Find, xsubpp, C<no
6872 =item Configuration issues
6876 =item Bundled modules
6878 B::Concise, File::Temp, Pod::LaTeX, Pod::Text::Overstrike, CGI, CPAN,
6879 Class::Struct, DB_File, Devel::Peek, File::Find, Getopt::Long, IO::Poll,
6880 IPC::Open3, Math::BigFloat, Math::Complex, Net::Ping, Opcode, Pod::Parser,
6881 Pod::Text, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Tie::RefHash, Tie::SubstrHash
6883 =item Platform-specific improvements
6885 NCR MP-RAS, NonStop-UX
6889 =item Core Enhancements
6893 =item Interpreter cloning, threads, and concurrency
6895 =item Lexically scoped warning categories
6897 =item Unicode and UTF-8 support
6899 =item Support for interpolating named characters
6901 =item "our" declarations
6903 =item Support for strings represented as a vector of ordinals
6905 =item Improved Perl version numbering system
6907 =item New syntax for declaring subroutine attributes
6909 =item File and directory handles can be autovivified
6911 =item open() with more than two arguments
6913 =item 64-bit support
6915 =item Large file support
6921 =item Enhanced support for sort() subroutines
6923 =item C<sort $coderef @foo> allowed
6925 =item File globbing implemented internally
6927 =item Support for CHECK blocks
6929 =item POSIX character class syntax [: :] supported
6931 =item Better pseudo-random number generator
6933 =item Improved C<qw//> operator
6935 =item Better worst-case behavior of hashes
6937 =item pack() format 'Z' supported
6939 =item pack() format modifier '!' supported
6941 =item pack() and unpack() support counted strings
6943 =item Comments in pack() templates
6945 =item Weak references
6947 =item Binary numbers supported
6949 =item Lvalue subroutines
6951 =item Some arrows may be omitted in calls through references
6953 =item Boolean assignment operators are legal lvalues
6955 =item exists() is supported on subroutine names
6957 =item exists() and delete() are supported on array elements
6959 =item Pseudo-hashes work better
6961 =item Automatic flushing of output buffers
6963 =item Better diagnostics on meaningless filehandle operations
6965 =item Where possible, buffered data discarded from duped input filehandle
6967 =item eof() has the same old magic as <>
6969 =item binmode() can be used to set :crlf and :raw modes
6971 =item C<-T> filetest recognizes UTF-8 encoded files as "text"
6973 =item system(), backticks and pipe open now reflect exec() failure
6975 =item Improved diagnostics
6977 =item Diagnostics follow STDERR
6979 =item More consistent close-on-exec behavior
6981 =item syswrite() ease-of-use
6983 =item Better syntax checks on parenthesized unary operators
6985 =item Bit operators support full native integer width
6987 =item Improved security features
6989 =item More functional bareword prototype (*)
6991 =item C<require> and C<do> may be overridden
6993 =item $^X variables may now have names longer than one character
6995 =item New variable $^C reflects C<-c> switch
6997 =item New variable $^V contains Perl version as a string
6999 =item Optional Y2K warnings
7001 =item Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings
7005 =item Modules and Pragmata
7011 attributes, B, Benchmark, ByteLoader, constant, charnames, Data::Dumper,
7012 DB, DB_File, Devel::DProf, Devel::Peek, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, English,
7013 Env, Fcntl, File::Compare, File::Find, File::Glob, File::Spec,
7014 File::Spec::Functions, Getopt::Long, IO, JPL, lib, Math::BigInt,
7015 Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Pod::Parser, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Checker,
7016 podchecker, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Find, Pod::Select, podselect, Pod::Usage,
7017 pod2usage, Pod::Text and Pod::Man, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Sys::Hostname,
7018 Term::ANSIColor, Time::Local, Win32, XSLoader, DBM Filters
7024 =item Utility Changes
7038 =item The Perl Debugger
7042 =item Improved Documentation
7044 perlapi.pod, perlboot.pod, perlcompile.pod, perldbmfilter.pod,
7045 perldebug.pod, perldebguts.pod, perlfork.pod, perlfilter.pod, perlhack.pod,
7046 perlintern.pod, perllexwarn.pod, perlnumber.pod, perlopentut.pod,
7047 perlreftut.pod, perltootc.pod, perltodo.pod, perlunicode.pod
7049 =item Performance enhancements
7053 =item Simple sort() using { $a <=> $b } and the like are optimized
7055 =item Optimized assignments to lexical variables
7057 =item Faster subroutine calls
7059 =item delete(), each(), values() and hash iteration are faster
7063 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
7067 =item -Dusethreads means something different
7069 =item New Configure flags
7071 =item Threadedness and 64-bitness now more daring
7077 =item -Duselargefiles
7079 =item installusrbinperl
7085 =item Enhanced Installation Directories
7087 =item gcc automatically tried if 'cc' does not seem to be working
7091 =item Platform specific changes
7095 =item Supported platforms
7099 =item OS390 (OpenEdition MVS)
7107 =item Significant bug fixes
7111 =item <HANDLE> on empty files
7113 =item C<eval '...'> improvements
7115 =item All compilation errors are true errors
7117 =item Implicitly closed filehandles are safer
7119 =item Behavior of list slices is more consistent
7121 =item C<(\$)> prototype and C<$foo{a}>
7123 =item C<goto &sub> and AUTOLOAD
7125 =item C<-bareword> allowed under C<use integer>
7127 =item Failures in DESTROY()
7129 =item Locale bugs fixed
7133 =item Spurious subroutine stubs after failed subroutine calls
7135 =item Taint failures under C<-U>
7137 =item END blocks and the C<-c> switch
7139 =item Potential to leak DATA filehandles
7143 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
7145 "%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same %s, "my sub" not yet
7146 implemented, "our" variable %s redeclared, '!' allowed only after types %s,
7147 / cannot take a count, / must be followed by a, A or Z, / must be followed
7148 by a*, A* or Z*, / must follow a numeric type, /%s/: Unrecognized escape
7149 \\%c passed through, /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c in character class
7150 passed through, /%s/ should probably be written as "%s", %s() called too
7151 early to check prototype, %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element, %s
7152 argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or slice, %s argument is not a
7153 subroutine name, %s package attribute may clash with future reserved word:
7154 %s, (in cleanup) %s, <> should be quotes, Attempt to join self, Bad evalled
7155 substitution pattern, Bad realloc() ignored, Bareword found in conditional,
7156 Binary number > 0b11111111111111111111111111111111 non-portable, Bit vector
7157 size > 32 non-portable, Buffer overflow in prime_env_iter: %s, Can't check
7158 filesystem of script "%s", Can't declare class for non-scalar %s in "%s",
7159 Can't declare %s in "%s", Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default,
7160 Can't modify non-lvalue subroutine call, Can't read CRTL environ, Can't
7161 remove %s: %s, skipping file, Can't return %s from lvalue subroutine, Can't
7162 weaken a nonreference, Character class [:%s:] unknown, Character class
7163 syntax [%s] belongs inside character classes, Constant is not %s reference,
7164 constant(%s): %s, CORE::%s is not a keyword, defined(@array) is deprecated,
7165 defined(%hash) is deprecated, Did not produce a valid header, (Did you mean
7166 "local" instead of "our"?), Document contains no data, entering effective
7167 %s failed, false [] range "%s" in regexp, Filehandle %s opened only for
7168 output, flock() on closed filehandle %s, Global symbol "%s" requires
7169 explicit package name, Hexadecimal number > 0xffffffff non-portable,
7170 Ill-formed CRTL environ value "%s", Ill-formed message in prime_env_iter:
7171 |%s|, Illegal binary digit %s, Illegal binary digit %s ignored, Illegal
7172 number of bits in vec, Integer overflow in %s number, Invalid %s attribute:
7173 %s, Invalid %s attributes: %s, invalid [] range "%s" in regexp, Invalid
7174 separator character %s in attribute list, Invalid separator character %s in
7175 subroutine attribute list, leaving effective %s failed, Lvalue subs
7176 returning %s not implemented yet, Method %s not permitted, Missing
7177 %sbrace%s on \N{}, Missing command in piped open, Missing name in "my sub",
7178 No %s specified for -%c, No package name allowed for variable %s in "our",
7179 No space allowed after -%c, no UTC offset information; assuming local time
7180 is UTC, Octal number > 037777777777 non-portable, panic: del_backref,
7181 panic: kid popen errno read, panic: magic_killbackrefs, Parentheses missing
7182 around "%s" list, Possible unintended interpolation of %s in string,
7183 Possible Y2K bug: %s, pragma "attrs" is deprecated, use "sub NAME : ATTRS"
7184 instead, Premature end of script headers, Repeat count in pack overflows,
7185 Repeat count in unpack overflows, realloc() of freed memory ignored,
7186 Reference is already weak, setpgrp can't take arguments, Strange *+?{} on
7187 zero-length expression, switching effective %s is not implemented, This
7188 Perl can't reset CRTL environ elements (%s), This Perl can't set CRTL
7189 environ elements (%s=%s), Too late to run %s block, Unknown open() mode
7190 '%s', Unknown process %x sent message to prime_env_iter: %s, Unrecognized
7191 escape \\%c passed through, Unterminated attribute parameter in attribute
7192 list, Unterminated attribute list, Unterminated attribute parameter in
7193 subroutine attribute list, Unterminated subroutine attribute list, Value of
7194 CLI symbol "%s" too long, Version number must be a constant number
7198 =item Incompatible Changes
7202 =item Perl Source Incompatibilities
7204 CHECK is a new keyword, Treatment of list slices of undef has changed,
7205 Format of $English::PERL_VERSION is different, Literals of the form
7206 C<1.2.3> parse differently, Possibly changed pseudo-random number
7207 generator, Hashing function for hash keys has changed, C<undef> fails on
7208 read only values, Close-on-exec bit may be set on pipe and socket handles,
7209 Writing C<"$$1"> to mean C<"${$}1"> is unsupported, delete(), each(),
7210 values() and C<\(%h)>, vec(EXPR,OFFSET,BITS) enforces powers-of-two BITS,
7211 Text of some diagnostic output has changed, C<%@> has been removed,
7212 Parenthesized not() behaves like a list operator, Semantics of bareword
7213 prototype C<(*)> have changed, Semantics of bit operators may have changed
7214 on 64-bit platforms, More builtins taint their results
7216 =item C Source Incompatibilities
7218 C<PERL_POLLUTE>, C<PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT>, C<PERL_POLLUTE_MALLOC>
7220 =item Compatible C Source API Changes
7222 C<PATCHLEVEL> is now C<PERL_VERSION>
7224 =item Binary Incompatibilities
7228 =item Known Problems
7232 =item Localizing a tied hash element may leak memory
7234 =item Known test failures
7236 =item EBCDIC platforms not fully supported
7238 =item UNICOS/mk CC failures during Configure run
7240 =item Arrow operator and arrays
7242 =item Experimental features
7244 Threads, Unicode, 64-bit support, Lvalue subroutines, Weak references, The
7245 pseudo-hash data type, The Compiler suite, Internal implementation of file
7246 globbing, The DB module, The regular expression code constructs:
7250 =item Obsolete Diagnostics
7252 Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Ill-formed
7253 logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter, In string, @%s now must be written as
7254 \@%s, Probable precedence problem on %s, regexp too big, Use of "$$<digit>"
7255 to mean "${$}<digit>" is deprecated
7257 =item Reporting Bugs
7265 =head2 perl56delta - what's new for perl v5.6.0
7271 =item Core Enhancements
7275 =item Interpreter cloning, threads, and concurrency
7277 =item Lexically scoped warning categories
7279 =item Unicode and UTF-8 support
7281 =item Support for interpolating named characters
7283 =item "our" declarations
7285 =item Support for strings represented as a vector of ordinals
7287 =item Improved Perl version numbering system
7289 =item New syntax for declaring subroutine attributes
7291 =item File and directory handles can be autovivified
7293 =item open() with more than two arguments
7295 =item 64-bit support
7297 =item Large file support
7303 =item Enhanced support for sort() subroutines
7305 =item C<sort $coderef @foo> allowed
7307 =item File globbing implemented internally
7309 =item Support for CHECK blocks
7311 =item POSIX character class syntax [: :] supported
7313 =item Better pseudo-random number generator
7315 =item Improved C<qw//> operator
7317 =item Better worst-case behavior of hashes
7319 =item pack() format 'Z' supported
7321 =item pack() format modifier '!' supported
7323 =item pack() and unpack() support counted strings
7325 =item Comments in pack() templates
7327 =item Weak references
7329 =item Binary numbers supported
7331 =item Lvalue subroutines
7333 =item Some arrows may be omitted in calls through references
7335 =item Boolean assignment operators are legal lvalues
7337 =item exists() is supported on subroutine names
7339 =item exists() and delete() are supported on array elements
7341 =item Pseudo-hashes work better
7343 =item Automatic flushing of output buffers
7345 =item Better diagnostics on meaningless filehandle operations
7347 =item Where possible, buffered data discarded from duped input filehandle
7349 =item eof() has the same old magic as <>
7351 =item binmode() can be used to set :crlf and :raw modes
7353 =item C<-T> filetest recognizes UTF-8 encoded files as "text"
7355 =item system(), backticks and pipe open now reflect exec() failure
7357 =item Improved diagnostics
7359 =item Diagnostics follow STDERR
7361 =item More consistent close-on-exec behavior
7363 =item syswrite() ease-of-use
7365 =item Better syntax checks on parenthesized unary operators
7367 =item Bit operators support full native integer width
7369 =item Improved security features
7371 =item More functional bareword prototype (*)
7373 =item C<require> and C<do> may be overridden
7375 =item $^X variables may now have names longer than one character
7377 =item New variable $^C reflects C<-c> switch
7379 =item New variable $^V contains Perl version as a string
7381 =item Optional Y2K warnings
7383 =item Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings
7387 =item Modules and Pragmata
7393 attributes, B, Benchmark, ByteLoader, constant, charnames, Data::Dumper,
7394 DB, DB_File, Devel::DProf, Devel::Peek, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, English,
7395 Env, Fcntl, File::Compare, File::Find, File::Glob, File::Spec,
7396 File::Spec::Functions, Getopt::Long, IO, JPL, lib, Math::BigInt,
7397 Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Pod::Parser, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Checker,
7398 podchecker, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Find, Pod::Select, podselect, Pod::Usage,
7399 pod2usage, Pod::Text and Pod::Man, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Sys::Hostname,
7400 Term::ANSIColor, Time::Local, Win32, XSLoader, DBM Filters
7406 =item Utility Changes
7420 =item The Perl Debugger
7424 =item Improved Documentation
7426 perlapi.pod, perlboot.pod, perlcompile.pod, perldbmfilter.pod,
7427 perldebug.pod, perldebguts.pod, perlfork.pod, perlfilter.pod, perlhack.pod,
7428 perlintern.pod, perllexwarn.pod, perlnumber.pod, perlopentut.pod,
7429 perlreftut.pod, perltootc.pod, perltodo.pod, perlunicode.pod
7431 =item Performance enhancements
7435 =item Simple sort() using { $a <=> $b } and the like are optimized
7437 =item Optimized assignments to lexical variables
7439 =item Faster subroutine calls
7441 =item delete(), each(), values() and hash iteration are faster
7445 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
7449 =item -Dusethreads means something different
7451 =item New Configure flags
7453 =item Threadedness and 64-bitness now more daring
7459 =item -Duselargefiles
7461 =item installusrbinperl
7467 =item Enhanced Installation Directories
7471 =item Platform specific changes
7475 =item Supported platforms
7479 =item OS390 (OpenEdition MVS)
7487 =item Significant bug fixes
7491 =item <HANDLE> on empty files
7493 =item C<eval '...'> improvements
7495 =item All compilation errors are true errors
7497 =item Implicitly closed filehandles are safer
7499 =item Behavior of list slices is more consistent
7501 =item C<(\$)> prototype and C<$foo{a}>
7503 =item C<goto &sub> and AUTOLOAD
7505 =item C<-bareword> allowed under C<use integer>
7507 =item Failures in DESTROY()
7509 =item Locale bugs fixed
7513 =item Spurious subroutine stubs after failed subroutine calls
7515 =item Taint failures under C<-U>
7517 =item END blocks and the C<-c> switch
7519 =item Potential to leak DATA filehandles
7523 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
7525 "%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same %s, "my sub" not yet
7526 implemented, "our" variable %s redeclared, '!' allowed only after types %s,
7527 / cannot take a count, / must be followed by a, A or Z, / must be followed
7528 by a*, A* or Z*, / must follow a numeric type, /%s/: Unrecognized escape
7529 \\%c passed through, /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c in character class
7530 passed through, /%s/ should probably be written as "%s", %s() called too
7531 early to check prototype, %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element, %s
7532 argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or slice, %s argument is not a
7533 subroutine name, %s package attribute may clash with future reserved word:
7534 %s, (in cleanup) %s, <> should be quotes, Attempt to join self, Bad evalled
7535 substitution pattern, Bad realloc() ignored, Bareword found in conditional,
7536 Binary number > 0b11111111111111111111111111111111 non-portable, Bit vector
7537 size > 32 non-portable, Buffer overflow in prime_env_iter: %s, Can't check
7538 filesystem of script "%s", Can't declare class for non-scalar %s in "%s",
7539 Can't declare %s in "%s", Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default,
7540 Can't modify non-lvalue subroutine call, Can't read CRTL environ, Can't
7541 remove %s: %s, skipping file, Can't return %s from lvalue subroutine, Can't
7542 weaken a nonreference, Character class [:%s:] unknown, Character class
7543 syntax [%s] belongs inside character classes, Constant is not %s reference,
7544 constant(%s): %s, CORE::%s is not a keyword, defined(@array) is deprecated,
7545 defined(%hash) is deprecated, Did not produce a valid header, (Did you mean
7546 "local" instead of "our"?), Document contains no data, entering effective
7547 %s failed, false [] range "%s" in regexp, Filehandle %s opened only for
7548 output, flock() on closed filehandle %s, Global symbol "%s" requires
7549 explicit package name, Hexadecimal number > 0xffffffff non-portable,
7550 Ill-formed CRTL environ value "%s", Ill-formed message in prime_env_iter:
7551 |%s|, Illegal binary digit %s, Illegal binary digit %s ignored, Illegal
7552 number of bits in vec, Integer overflow in %s number, Invalid %s attribute:
7553 %s, Invalid %s attributes: %s, invalid [] range "%s" in regexp, Invalid
7554 separator character %s in attribute list, Invalid separator character %s in
7555 subroutine attribute list, leaving effective %s failed, Lvalue subs
7556 returning %s not implemented yet, Method %s not permitted, Missing
7557 %sbrace%s on \N{}, Missing command in piped open, Missing name in "my sub",
7558 No %s specified for -%c, No package name allowed for variable %s in "our",
7559 No space allowed after -%c, no UTC offset information; assuming local time
7560 is UTC, Octal number > 037777777777 non-portable, panic: del_backref,
7561 panic: kid popen errno read, panic: magic_killbackrefs, Parentheses missing
7562 around "%s" list, Possible unintended interpolation of %s in string,
7563 Possible Y2K bug: %s, pragma "attrs" is deprecated, use "sub NAME : ATTRS"
7564 instead, Premature end of script headers, Repeat count in pack overflows,
7565 Repeat count in unpack overflows, realloc() of freed memory ignored,
7566 Reference is already weak, setpgrp can't take arguments, Strange *+?{} on
7567 zero-length expression, switching effective %s is not implemented, This
7568 Perl can't reset CRTL environ elements (%s), This Perl can't set CRTL
7569 environ elements (%s=%s), Too late to run %s block, Unknown open() mode
7570 '%s', Unknown process %x sent message to prime_env_iter: %s, Unrecognized
7571 escape \\%c passed through, Unterminated attribute parameter in attribute
7572 list, Unterminated attribute list, Unterminated attribute parameter in
7573 subroutine attribute list, Unterminated subroutine attribute list, Value of
7574 CLI symbol "%s" too long, Version number must be a constant number
7578 =item Incompatible Changes
7582 =item Perl Source Incompatibilities
7584 CHECK is a new keyword, Treatment of list slices of undef has changed,
7585 Format of $English::PERL_VERSION is different, Literals of the form
7586 C<1.2.3> parse differently, Possibly changed pseudo-random number
7587 generator, Hashing function for hash keys has changed, C<undef> fails on
7588 read only values, Close-on-exec bit may be set on pipe and socket handles,
7589 Writing C<"$$1"> to mean C<"${$}1"> is unsupported, delete(), each(),
7590 values() and C<\(%h)>, vec(EXPR,OFFSET,BITS) enforces powers-of-two BITS,
7591 Text of some diagnostic output has changed, C<%@> has been removed,
7592 Parenthesized not() behaves like a list operator, Semantics of bareword
7593 prototype C<(*)> have changed, Semantics of bit operators may have changed
7594 on 64-bit platforms, More builtins taint their results
7596 =item C Source Incompatibilities
7598 C<PERL_POLLUTE>, C<PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT>, C<PERL_POLLUTE_MALLOC>
7600 =item Compatible C Source API Changes
7602 C<PATCHLEVEL> is now C<PERL_VERSION>
7604 =item Binary Incompatibilities
7608 =item Known Problems
7612 =item Thread test failures
7614 =item EBCDIC platforms not supported
7616 =item In 64-bit HP-UX the lib/io_multihomed test may hang
7618 =item NEXTSTEP 3.3 POSIX test failure
7620 =item Tru64 (aka Digital UNIX, aka DEC OSF/1) lib/sdbm test failure with
7623 =item UNICOS/mk CC failures during Configure run
7625 =item Arrow operator and arrays
7627 =item Experimental features
7629 Threads, Unicode, 64-bit support, Lvalue subroutines, Weak references, The
7630 pseudo-hash data type, The Compiler suite, Internal implementation of file
7631 globbing, The DB module, The regular expression code constructs:
7635 =item Obsolete Diagnostics
7637 Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Ill-formed
7638 logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter, In string, @%s now must be written as
7639 \@%s, Probable precedence problem on %s, regexp too big, Use of "$$<digit>"
7640 to mean "${$}<digit>" is deprecated
7642 =item Reporting Bugs
7650 =head2 perl5005delta - what's new for perl5.005
7656 =item About the new versioning system
7658 =item Incompatible Changes
7662 =item WARNING: This version is not binary compatible with Perl 5.004.
7664 =item Default installation structure has changed
7666 =item Perl Source Compatibility
7668 =item C Source Compatibility
7670 =item Binary Compatibility
7672 =item Security fixes may affect compatibility
7674 =item Relaxed new mandatory warnings introduced in 5.004
7688 =item Regular Expressions
7690 Many new and improved optimizations, Many bug fixes, New regular expression
7691 constructs, New operator for precompiled regular expressions, Other
7692 improvements, Incompatible changes
7694 =item Improved malloc()
7696 =item Quicksort is internally implemented
7698 =item Reliable signals
7700 =item Reliable stack pointers
7702 =item More generous treatment of carriage returns
7706 =item Better support for multiple interpreters
7708 =item Behavior of local() on array and hash elements is now well-defined
7710 =item C<%!> is transparently tied to the L<Errno> module
7712 =item Pseudo-hashes are supported
7714 =item C<EXPR foreach EXPR> is supported
7716 =item Keywords can be globally overridden
7718 =item C<$^E> is meaningful on Win32
7720 =item C<foreach (1..1000000)> optimized
7722 =item C<Foo::> can be used as implicitly quoted package name
7724 =item C<exists $Foo::{Bar::}> tests existence of a package
7726 =item Better locale support
7728 =item Experimental support for 64-bit platforms
7730 =item prototype() returns useful results on builtins
7732 =item Extended support for exception handling
7734 =item Re-blessing in DESTROY() supported for chaining DESTROY() methods
7736 =item All C<printf> format conversions are handled internally
7738 =item New C<INIT> keyword
7740 =item New C<lock> keyword
7742 =item New C<qr//> operator
7744 =item C<our> is now a reserved word
7746 =item Tied arrays are now fully supported
7748 =item Tied handles support is better
7750 =item 4th argument to substr
7752 =item Negative LENGTH argument to splice
7754 =item Magic lvalues are now more magical
7756 =item <> now reads in records
7760 =item Supported Platforms
7766 =item Changes in existing support
7770 =item Modules and Pragmata
7776 B, Data::Dumper, Dumpvalue, Errno, File::Spec, ExtUtils::Installed,
7777 ExtUtils::Packlist, Fatal, IPC::SysV, Test, Tie::Array, Tie::Handle,
7778 Thread, attrs, fields, re
7780 =item Changes in existing modules
7782 Benchmark, Carp, CGI, Fcntl, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, POSIX, DB_File,
7783 MakeMaker, CPAN, Cwd
7787 =item Utility Changes
7789 =item Documentation Changes
7791 =item New Diagnostics
7793 Ambiguous call resolved as CORE::%s(), qualify as such or use &, Bad index
7794 while coercing array into hash, Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent
7795 package, Can't call method "%s" on an undefined value, Can't check
7796 filesystem of script "%s" for nosuid, Can't coerce array into hash, Can't
7797 goto subroutine from an eval-string, Can't localize pseudo-hash element,
7798 Can't use %%! because Errno.pm is not available, Cannot find an opnumber
7799 for "%s", Character class syntax [. .] is reserved for future extensions,
7800 Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Character
7801 class syntax [= =] is reserved for future extensions, %s: Eval-group in
7802 insecure regular expression, %s: Eval-group not allowed, use re 'eval', %s:
7803 Eval-group not allowed at run time, Explicit blessing to '' (assuming
7804 package main), Illegal hex digit ignored, No such array field, No such
7805 field "%s" in variable %s of type %s, Out of memory during ridiculously
7806 large request, Range iterator outside integer range, Recursive inheritance
7807 detected while looking for method '%s' %s, Reference found where even-sized
7808 list expected, Undefined value assigned to typeglob, Use of reserved word
7809 "%s" is deprecated, perl: warning: Setting locale failed
7811 =item Obsolete Diagnostics
7813 Can't mktemp(), Can't write to temp file for B<-e>: %s, Cannot open
7814 temporary file, regexp too big
7816 =item Configuration Changes
7826 =head2 perl5004delta - what's new for perl5.004
7832 =item Supported Environments
7838 =item List assignment to %ENV works
7840 =item Change to "Can't locate Foo.pm in @INC" error
7842 =item Compilation option: Binary compatibility with 5.003
7844 =item $PERL5OPT environment variable
7846 =item Limitations on B<-M>, B<-m>, and B<-T> options
7848 =item More precise warnings
7850 =item Deprecated: Inherited C<AUTOLOAD> for non-methods
7852 =item Previously deprecated %OVERLOAD is no longer usable
7854 =item Subroutine arguments created only when they're modified
7856 =item Group vector changeable with C<$)>
7858 =item Fixed parsing of $$<digit>, &$<digit>, etc.
7860 =item Fixed localization of $<digit>, $&, etc.
7862 =item No resetting of $. on implicit close
7864 =item C<wantarray> may return undef
7866 =item C<eval EXPR> determines value of EXPR in scalar context
7868 =item Changes to tainting checks
7870 No glob() or <*>, No spawning if tainted $CDPATH, $ENV, $BASH_ENV, No
7871 spawning if tainted $TERM doesn't look like a terminal name
7873 =item New Opcode module and revised Safe module
7875 =item Embedding improvements
7877 =item Internal change: FileHandle class based on IO::* classes
7879 =item Internal change: PerlIO abstraction interface
7881 =item New and changed syntax
7885 =item New and changed builtin constants
7889 =item New and changed builtin variables
7893 =item New and changed builtin functions
7895 delete on slices, flock, printf and sprintf, keys as an lvalue, my() in
7896 Control Structures, pack() and unpack(), sysseek(), use VERSION, use Module
7897 VERSION LIST, prototype(FUNCTION), srand, $_ as Default, C<m//gc> does not
7898 reset search position on failure, C<m//x> ignores whitespace before ?*+{},
7899 nested C<sub{}> closures work now, formats work right on changing lexicals
7901 =item New builtin methods
7903 isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] )
7905 =item TIEHANDLE now supported
7907 TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this, LIST, READ this
7908 LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, DESTROY this
7910 =item Malloc enhancements
7912 -DPERL_EMERGENCY_SBRK, -DPACK_MALLOC, -DTWO_POT_OPTIMIZE
7914 =item Miscellaneous efficiency enhancements
7918 =item Support for More Operating Systems
7934 use autouse MODULE => qw(sub1 sub2 sub3), use blib, use blib 'dir', use
7935 constant NAME => VALUE, use locale, use ops, use vmsish
7941 =item Required Updates
7943 =item Installation directories
7945 =item Module information summary
7959 =item Object-oriented overrides for builtin operators
7963 =item Utility Changes
7969 Sends converted HTML to standard output
7973 C<void> XSUBs now default to returning nothing
7977 =item C Language API Changes
7979 C<gv_fetchmethod> and C<perl_call_sv>, C<perl_eval_pv>, Extended API for
7982 =item Documentation Changes
7984 L<perldelta>, L<perlfaq>, L<perllocale>, L<perltoot>, L<perlapio>,
7985 L<perlmodlib>, L<perldebug>, L<perlsec>
7987 =item New Diagnostics
7989 "my" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same scope, %s argument is
7990 not a HASH element or slice, Allocation too large: %lx, Allocation too
7991 large, Applying %s to %s will act on scalar(%s), Attempt to free
7992 nonexistent shared string, Attempt to use reference as lvalue in substr,
7993 Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent package, Can't redefine active sort
7994 subroutine %s, Can't use bareword ("%s") as %s ref while "strict refs" in
7995 use, Cannot resolve method `%s' overloading `%s' in package `%s', Constant
7996 subroutine %s redefined, Constant subroutine %s undefined, Copy method did
7997 not return a reference, Died, Exiting pseudo-block via %s, Identifier too
7998 long, Illegal character %s (carriage return), Illegal switch in PERL5OPT:
7999 %s, Integer overflow in hex number, Integer overflow in octal number,
8000 internal error: glob failed, Invalid conversion in %s: "%s", Invalid type
8001 in pack: '%s', Invalid type in unpack: '%s', Name "%s::%s" used only once:
8002 possible typo, Null picture in formline, Offset outside string, Out of
8003 memory!, Out of memory during request for %s, panic: frexp, Possible
8004 attempt to put comments in qw() list, Possible attempt to separate words
8005 with commas, Scalar value @%s{%s} better written as $%s{%s}, Stub found
8006 while resolving method `%s' overloading `%s' in %s, Too late for "B<-T>"
8007 option, untie attempted while %d inner references still exist, Unrecognized
8008 character %s, Unsupported function fork, Use of "$$<digit>" to mean
8009 "${$}<digit>" is deprecated, Value of %s can be "0"; test with defined(),
8010 Variable "%s" may be unavailable, Variable "%s" will not stay shared,
8011 Warning: something's wrong, Ill-formed logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter,
8012 Got an error from DosAllocMem, Malformed PERLLIB_PREFIX, PERL_SH_DIR too
8013 long, Process terminated by SIG%s
8023 =head2 perlartistic - the Perl Artistic License
8031 =item The "Artistic License"
8039 "Package", "Standard Version", "Copyright Holder", "You", "Reasonable
8040 copying fee", "Freely Available"
8044 a), b), c), d), a), b), c), d)
8050 =head2 perlgpl - the GNU General Public License, version 2
8062 =item GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
8066 =head2 perlaix, README.aix - Perl version 5 on IBM Unix (AIX) systems
8074 =item Compiling Perl 5 on AIX
8078 =item Building Dynamic Extensions on AIX
8080 =item The IBM ANSI C Compiler
8082 =item The usenm option
8084 =item Using GNU's gcc for building perl
8086 =item Using Large Files with Perl
8092 =item AIX 4.2 and extensions using C++ with statics
8102 =head2 perlamiga - Perl under Amiga OS
8118 =item Prerequisites for Compiling Perl on AmigaOS
8120 B<Unix emulation for AmigaOS: ixemul.library>, B<Version of Amiga OS>
8122 =item Starting Perl programs under AmigaOS
8124 =item Shortcomings of Perl under AmigaOS
8130 =item Accessing documentation
8134 =item Manpages for Perl on AmigaOS
8136 =item Perl HTML Documentation on AmigaOS
8138 =item Perl GNU Info Files on AmigaOS
8140 =item Perl LaTeX Documentation on AmigaOS
8144 =item BUILDING PERL ON AMIGAOS
8148 =item Build Prerequisites for Perl on AmigaOS
8150 =item Getting the Perl Source for AmigaOS
8152 =item Making Perl on AmigaOS
8154 =item Testing Perl on AmigaOS
8156 =item Installing the built Perl on AmigaOS
8160 =item PERL 5.8.0 BROKEN IN AMIGAOS
8168 =head2 perlapollo, README.apollo - Perl version 5 on Apollo DomainOS
8178 =head2 perlbeos, README.beos - Perl version 5.8+ on BeOS
8184 =item BUILD AND INSTALL
8198 =item KNOWN PROBLEMS
8204 =head2 perlbs2000, README.BS2000 - building and installing Perl for BS2000.
8214 =item gzip on BS2000
8216 =item bison on BS2000
8218 =item Unpacking Perl Distribution on BS2000
8220 =item Compiling Perl on BS2000
8222 =item Testing Perl on BS2000
8224 =item Installing Perl on BS2000
8226 =item Using Perl in the Posix-Shell of BS2000
8228 =item Using Perl in "native" BS2000
8230 =item Floating point anomalies on BS2000
8232 =item Using PerlIO and different encodings on ASCII and EBCDIC partitions
8250 =head2 perlce - Perl for WinCE
8262 Microsoft Embedded Visual Tools, Microsoft Visual C++, Rainer Keuchel's
8263 celib-sources, Rainer Keuchel's console-sources
8267 go to ./wince subdirectory, edit file compile.bat, run compile.bat, run
8272 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
8278 =head2 perlcygwin, README.cygwin - Perl for Cygwin
8284 =item PREREQUISITES FOR COMPILING PERL ON CYGWIN
8288 =item Cygwin = GNU+Cygnus+Windows (Don't leave UNIX without it)
8290 =item Cygwin Configuration
8292 C<PATH>, I<nroff>, Permissions
8296 =item CONFIGURE PERL ON CYGWIN
8300 =item Stripping Perl Binaries on Cygwin
8302 =item Optional Libraries for Perl on Cygwin
8304 C<-lcrypt>, C<-lgdbm> (C<use GDBM_File>), C<-ldb> (C<use DB_File>),
8305 C<-lcygipc> (C<use IPC::SysV>), C<-lutil>
8307 =item Configure-time Options for Perl on Cygwin
8309 C<-Uusedl>, C<-Uusemymalloc>, C<-Uuseperlio>, C<-Dusemultiplicity>,
8310 C<-Duse64bitint>, C<-Duselongdouble>, C<-Dusethreads>, C<-Duselargefiles>,
8313 =item Suspicious Warnings on Cygwin
8315 I<dlsym()>, Win9x and C<d_eofnblk>, Compiler/Preprocessor defines
8319 =item MAKE ON CYGWIN
8323 =item Errors on Cygwin
8329 =item TEST ON CYGWIN
8333 =item File Permissions on Cygwin
8335 =item NDBM_File and ODBM_File do not work on FAT filesystems
8337 =item C<fork()> failures in io_* tests
8341 =item Specific features of the Cygwin port
8345 =item Script Portability on Cygwin
8347 Pathnames, Text/Binary, PerlIO, F<.exe>, cygwin vs. windows process ids,
8348 C<chown()>, Miscellaneous
8350 =item Prebuilt methods:
8352 C<Cwd::cwd>, C<Cygwin::pid_to_winpid>, C<Cygwin::winpid_to_pid>
8356 =item INSTALL PERL ON CYGWIN
8358 =item MANIFEST ON CYGWIN
8360 Documentation, Build, Configure, Make, Install, Tests, Compiled Perl
8361 Source, Compiled Module Source, Perl Modules/Scripts
8363 =item BUGS ON CYGWIN
8371 =head2 perldgux - Perl under DG/UX.
8383 =item BUILDING PERL ON DG/UX
8387 =item Non-threaded Perl on DG/UX
8389 =item Threaded Perl on DG/UX
8391 =item Testing Perl on DG/UX
8393 =item Installing the built perl on DG/UX
8403 =head2 perldos - Perl under DOS, W31, W95.
8413 =item Prerequisites for Compiling Perl on DOS
8417 =item Shortcomings of Perl under DOS
8419 =item Building Perl on DOS
8421 =item Testing Perl on DOS
8423 =item Installation of Perl on DOS
8427 =item BUILDING AND INSTALLING MODULES ON DOS
8431 =item Building Prerequisites for Perl on DOS
8433 =item Unpacking CPAN Modules on DOS
8435 =item Building Non-XS Modules on DOS
8437 =item Building XS Modules on DOS
8447 =head2 perlepoc, README.epoc - Perl for EPOC
8455 =item INSTALLING PERL ON EPOC
8457 =item STARTING PERL ON EPOC
8461 =item Editors on Epoc
8463 =item Features of Perl on Epoc
8465 =item Restrictions of Perl on Epoc
8467 =item Compiling Perl 5 on the EPOC cross compiling environment
8471 =item SUPPORT STATUS OF PERL ON EPOC
8479 =head2 perlfreebsd, README.freebsd - Perl version 5 on FreeBSD systems
8487 =item FreeBSD core dumps from readdir_r with ithreads
8489 =item $^X doesn't always contain a full path in FreeBSD
8491 =item Perl will no longer be part of "base FreeBSD"
8499 =head2 perlhpux, README.hpux - Perl version 5 on Hewlett-Packard Unix
8508 =item Using perl as shipped with HP-UX
8510 =item Using perl from HP's porting centre
8512 =item Compiling Perl 5 on HP-UX
8516 =item Portability Between PA-RISC Versions
8524 =item Itanium Processor Family and HP-UX
8526 =item Itanium & Itanium 2
8528 =item Building Dynamic Extensions on HP-UX
8530 =item The HP ANSI C Compiler
8532 =item The GNU C Compiler
8534 =item Using Large Files with Perl on HP-UX
8536 =item Threaded Perl on HP-UX
8538 =item 64-bit Perl on HP-UX
8540 =item Oracle on HP-UX
8542 =item GDBM and Threads on HP-UX
8544 =item NFS filesystems and utime(2) on HP-UX
8546 =item perl -P and // and HP-UX
8548 =item HP-UX Kernel Parameters (maxdsiz) for Compiling Perl
8552 =item nss_delete core dump from op/pwent or op/grent
8560 =head2 perlhurd, README.hurd - Perl version 5 on Hurd
8568 =item Known Problems with Perl on Hurd
8576 =head2 perlirix, README.irix - Perl version 5 on Irix systems
8584 =item Building 32-bit Perl in Irix
8586 =item Building 64-bit Perl in Irix
8588 =item About Compiler Versions of Irix
8590 =item Linker Problems in Irix
8592 =item Malloc in Irix
8594 =item Building with threads in Irix
8604 =head2 perlmachten, README.machten - Perl version 5 on Power MachTen
8613 =item Perl version 5.8.x and greater not supported
8615 =item Compiling Perl 5.6.x on MachTen
8617 =item Failures during C<make test> on MachTen
8619 op/lexassign.t, pragma/warnings.t
8621 =item Building external modules on MachTen
8631 =head2 perlmacos, README.macos - Perl under Mac OS (Classic)
8645 =head2 perlmacosx, README.macosx - Perl under Mac OS X
8655 =item Installation Prefix
8657 =item libperl and Prebinding
8659 =item Updating Panther
8661 =item Known problems
8671 =item Starting From Scratch
8679 =head2 perlmint, README.mint - Perl version 5 on Atari MiNT
8685 =item Known problems with Perl on MiNT
8691 =head2 perlmpeix, README.mpeix - Perl/iX for HP e3000 MPE
8699 =item Binary distribution from HP
8701 =item What's New in Perl for MPE/iX
8703 =item Welcome to Perl/iX
8705 =item System Requirements for Perl/iX
8707 =item How to Obtain Perl/iX
8709 =item Perl/iX Distribution Contents Highlights
8711 README, INSTALL, LIBSHP3K, PERL, .cpan/, lib/, man/,
8712 public_html/feedback.cgi, src/perl-5.6.0-mpe
8714 =item How to Compile Perl/iX
8718 =item Getting Started with Perl/iX
8720 =item MPE/iX Implementation Considerations
8722 =item Known Perl/iX Bugs Under Investigation
8724 =item Perl/iX To-Do List
8726 =item Perl/iX Change History
8732 =head2 perlnetware - Perl for NetWare
8746 SetNWBld.bat, Buildtype.bat
8758 =item BUILD NEW EXTENSIONS
8760 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
8768 =head2 perlopenbsd, README.openbsd - Perl version 5 on OpenBSD systems
8776 =item OpenBSD core dumps from getprotobyname_r and getservbyname_r with
8785 =head2 perlos2 - Perl under OS/2, DOS, Win0.3*, Win0.95 and WinNT.
8805 EMX, RSX, HPFS, pdksh
8807 =item Starting Perl programs under OS/2 (and DOS and...)
8809 =item Starting OS/2 (and DOS) programs under Perl
8813 =item Frequently asked questions
8817 =item "It does not work"
8819 =item I cannot run external programs
8821 =item I cannot embed perl into my program, or use F<perl.dll> from my
8824 Is your program EMX-compiled with C<-Zmt -Zcrtdll>?, Did you use
8827 =item C<``> and pipe-C<open> do not work under DOS.
8829 =item Cannot start C<find.exe "pattern" file>
8837 =item Automatic binary installation
8839 C<PERL_BADLANG>, C<PERL_BADFREE>, F<Config.pm>
8841 =item Manual binary installation
8843 Perl VIO and PM executables (dynamically linked), Perl_ VIO executable
8844 (statically linked), Executables for Perl utilities, Main Perl library,
8845 Additional Perl modules, Tools to compile Perl modules, Manpages for Perl
8846 and utilities, Manpages for Perl modules, Source for Perl documentation,
8847 Perl manual in F<.INF> format, Pdksh
8853 =item Accessing documentation
8857 =item OS/2 F<.INF> file
8865 =item GNU C<info> files
8877 =item The short story
8881 =item Getting perl source
8883 =item Application of the patches
8891 A lot of C<bad free>, Process terminated by SIGTERM/SIGINT, F<op/fs.t>,
8894 =item Installing the built perl
8896 =item C<a.out>-style build
8900 =item Building a binary distribution
8902 =item Building custom F<.EXE> files
8906 =item Making executables with a custom collection of statically loaded
8909 =item Making executables with a custom search-paths
8917 =item Some C</> became C<\> in pdksh.
8919 =item C<'errno'> - unresolved external
8921 =item Problems with tr or sed
8923 =item Some problem (forget which ;-)
8925 =item Library ... not found
8927 =item Segfault in make
8929 =item op/sprintf test failure
8933 =item Specific (mis)features of OS/2 port
8937 =item C<setpriority>, C<getpriority>
8941 =item C<extproc> on the first line
8943 =item Additional modules:
8945 =item Prebuilt methods:
8947 C<File::Copy::syscopy>, C<DynaLoader::mod2fname>, C<Cwd::current_drive()>,
8948 C<Cwd::sys_chdir(name)>, C<Cwd::change_drive(name)>,
8949 C<Cwd::sys_is_absolute(name)>, C<Cwd::sys_is_rooted(name)>,
8950 C<Cwd::sys_is_relative(name)>, C<Cwd::sys_cwd(name)>,
8951 C<Cwd::sys_abspath(name, dir)>, C<Cwd::extLibpath([type])>,
8952 C<Cwd::extLibpath_set( path [, type ] )>,
8953 C<OS2::Error(do_harderror,do_exception)>, C<OS2::Errors2Drive(drive)>,
8954 OS2::SysInfo(), OS2::BootDrive(), C<OS2::MorphPM(serve)>,
8955 C<OS2::UnMorphPM(serve)>, C<OS2::Serve_Messages(force)>,
8956 C<OS2::Process_Messages(force [, cnt])>, C<OS2::_control87(new,mask)>,
8957 OS2::get_control87(), C<OS2::set_control87_em(new=MCW_EM,mask=MCW_EM)>,
8958 C<OS2::DLLname([how [, \&xsub]])>
8960 =item Prebuilt variables:
8962 $OS2::emx_rev, $OS2::emx_env, $OS2::os_ver, $OS2::is_aout, $OS2::can_fork,
8969 C<popen>, C<tmpnam>, C<tmpfile>, C<ctermid>, C<stat>, C<mkdir>, C<rmdir>,
8972 =item Identifying DLLs
8974 =item Centralized management of resources
8976 C<HAB>, C<HMQ>, Treating errors reported by OS/2 API,
8977 C<CheckOSError(expr)>, C<CheckWinError(expr)>, C<SaveWinError(expr)>,
8978 C<SaveCroakWinError(expr,die,name1,name2)>, C<WinError_2_Perl_rc>,
8979 C<FillWinError>, C<FillOSError(rc)>, Loading DLLs and ordinals in DLLs
8993 =item F<perl___.exe>
8995 =item Why strange names?
8997 =item Why dynamic linking?
8999 =item Why chimera build?
9007 =item C<PERLLIB_PREFIX>
9009 =item C<PERL_BADLANG>
9011 =item C<PERL_BADFREE>
9013 =item C<PERL_SH_DIR>
9015 =item C<USE_PERL_FLOCK>
9017 =item C<TMP> or C<TEMP>
9025 =item Text-mode filehandles
9029 =item DLL name mangling: pre 5.6.2
9031 =item DLL name mangling: 5.6.2 and beyond
9033 Global DLLs, specific DLLs, C<BEGINLIBPATH> and C<ENDLIBPATH>, F<.> from
9036 =item DLL forwarder generation
9040 =item Calls to external programs
9042 =item Memory allocation
9046 C<COND_WAIT>, F<os2.c>
9062 =head2 perlos390, README.os390 - building and installing Perl for OS/390
9075 =item Unpacking Perl distribution on OS/390
9077 =item Setup and utilities for Perl on OS/390
9079 =item Configure Perl on OS/390
9081 =item Build, Test, Install Perl on OS/390
9083 =item Build Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
9085 =item Testing Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
9087 =item Installation Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
9089 =item Usage Hints for Perl on OS/390
9091 =item Floating Point Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
9093 =item Modules and Extensions for Perl on OS/390
9103 =item Mailing list for Perl on OS/390
9111 =head2 perlos400, README.os400 - Perl version 5 on OS/400
9119 =item Compiling Perl for OS/400 PASE
9121 =item Installing Perl in OS/400 PASE
9123 =item Using Perl in OS/400 PASE
9125 =item Known Problems
9135 =head2 perlplan9 - Plan 9-specific documentation for Perl
9145 =item What's in Plan 9 Perl
9147 =item What's not in Plan 9 Perl
9149 =item Perl5 Functions not currently supported in Plan 9 Perl
9151 =item Signals in Plan 9 Perl
9155 =item COMPILING AND INSTALLING PERL ON PLAN 9
9159 =item Installing Perl Documentation on Plan 9
9171 =head2 perlqnx, README.qnx - Perl version 5 on QNX
9179 =item Required Software for Compiling Perl on QNX4
9181 /bin/sh, ar, nm, cpp, make
9183 =item Outstanding Issues with Perl on QNX4
9185 =item QNX auxiliary files
9189 =item Outstanding issues with perl under QNX6
9197 =head2 perlsolaris, README.solaris - Perl version 5 on Solaris systems
9205 =item Solaris Version Numbers.
9211 Solaris FAQ, Precompiled Binaries, Solaris Documentation
9217 =item File Extraction Problems on Solaris.
9219 =item Compiler and Related Tools on Solaris.
9221 =item Environment for Compiling perl on Solaris
9225 =item RUN CONFIGURE.
9229 =item 64-bit perl on Solaris.
9231 =item Threads in perl on Solaris.
9233 =item Malloc Issues with perl on Solaris.
9237 =item MAKE PROBLEMS.
9239 Dynamic Loading Problems With GNU as and GNU ld, ld.so.1: ./perl: fatal:
9240 relocation error:, dlopen: stub interception failed, #error "No
9241 DATAMODEL_NATIVE specified", sh: ar: not found
9247 =item op/stat.t test 4 in Solaris
9249 =item nss_delete core dump from op/pwent or op/grent
9253 =item PREBUILT BINARIES OF PERL FOR SOLARIS.
9255 =item RUNTIME ISSUES FOR PERL ON SOLARIS.
9259 =item Limits on Numbers of Open Files on Solaris.
9263 =item SOLARIS-SPECIFIC MODULES.
9265 =item SOLARIS-SPECIFIC PROBLEMS WITH MODULES.
9269 =item Proc::ProcessTable on Solaris
9271 =item BSD::Resource on Solaris
9273 =item Net::SSLeay on Solaris
9285 =head2 perlsymbian, README.symbian - Perl version 5 on Symbian OS
9293 =item Compiling Perl on Symbian
9295 =item Compilation problems
9299 =item Using Perl in Symbian
9319 =head2 perltru64, README.tru64 - Perl version 5 on Tru64 (formerly known as
9320 Digital UNIX formerly known as DEC OSF/1) systems
9328 =item Compiling Perl 5 on Tru64
9330 =item Using Large Files with Perl on Tru64
9332 =item Threaded Perl on Tru64
9334 =item Long Doubles on Tru64
9336 =item DB_File tests failing on Tru64
9338 =item 64-bit Perl on Tru64
9340 =item Warnings about floating-point overflow when compiling Perl on Tru64
9344 =item Testing Perl on Tru64
9346 =item ext/ODBM_File/odbm Test Failing With Static Builds
9348 =item Perl Fails Because Of Unresolved Symbol sockatmark
9354 =head2 perluts - Perl under UTS
9362 =item BUILDING PERL ON UTS
9364 =item Installing the built perl on UTS
9370 =head2 perlvmesa, README.vmesa - building and installing Perl for VM/ESA.
9380 =item Unpacking Perl Distribution on VM/ESA
9382 =item Setup Perl and utilities on VM/ESA
9384 =item Configure Perl on VM/ESA
9386 =item Testing Anomalies of Perl on VM/ESA
9388 =item Usage Hints for Perl on VM/ESA
9398 =item Mailing list for Perl on VM/ESA
9404 =head2 perlvms - VMS-specific documentation for Perl
9412 =item Organization of Perl Images
9418 =item Perl Extensions
9420 =item Installing static extensions
9422 =item Installing dynamic extensions
9426 =item File specifications
9432 =item Wildcard expansion
9438 =item PERL5LIB and PERLLIB
9444 =item I/O redirection and backgrounding
9446 =item Command line switches
9452 =item Perl functions
9454 File tests, backticks, binmode FILEHANDLE, crypt PLAINTEXT, USER, dump,
9455 exec LIST, fork, getpwent, getpwnam, getpwuid, gmtime, kill, qx//, select
9456 (system call), stat EXPR, system LIST, time, times, unlink LIST, utime
9457 LIST, waitpid PID,FLAGS
9459 =item Perl variables
9461 %ENV, CRTL_ENV, CLISYM_[LOCAL], Any other string, $!, $^E, $?, $|
9463 =item Standard modules with VMS-specific differences
9477 =head2 perlvos, README.vos - Perl for Stratus VOS
9483 =item BUILDING PERL FOR VOS
9485 =item INSTALLING PERL IN VOS
9487 =item USING PERL IN VOS
9491 =item Restrictions of Perl on VOS
9493 =item Handling of underflow and overflow
9499 =item SUPPORT STATUS
9507 =head2 perlwin32 - Perl under Windows
9517 =item Setting Up Perl on Win32
9519 Make, Command Shell, Borland C++, Microsoft Visual C++, Microsoft Visual
9520 C++ Toolkit 2003, Microsoft Platform SDK 64-bit Compiler, MinGW release 3
9521 with gcc, MinGW release 1 with gcc
9525 =item Testing Perl on Win32
9527 =item Installation of Perl on Win32
9529 =item Usage Hints for Perl on Win32
9531 Environment Variables, File Globbing, Using perl from the command line,
9532 Building Extensions, Command-line Wildcard Expansion, Win32 Specific
9533 Extensions, Notes on 64-bit Windows
9535 =item Running Perl Scripts
9537 =item Miscellaneous Things
9541 =item BUGS AND CAVEATS
9543 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
9547 Gary Ng E<lt>71564.1743@CompuServe.COME<gt>, Gurusamy Sarathy
9548 E<lt>gsar@activestate.comE<gt>, Nick Ing-Simmons
9549 E<lt>nick@ing-simmons.netE<gt>, Jan Dubois E<lt>jand@activestate.comE<gt>,
9550 Steve Hay E<lt>steve.hay@uk.radan.comE<gt>
9558 =head1 PRAGMA DOCUMENTATION
9560 =head2 attrs - set/get attributes of a subroutine (deprecated)
9572 =head2 re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour
9582 =head2 threadshared::shared, threads::shared - Perl extension for sharing
9583 data structures between threads
9595 share VARIABLE, lock VARIABLE, cond_wait VARIABLE, cond_wait CONDVAR,
9596 LOCKVAR, cond_timedwait VARIABLE, ABS_TIMEOUT, cond_timedwait CONDVAR,
9597 ABS_TIMEOUT, LOCKVAR, cond_signal VARIABLE, cond_broadcast VARIABLE
9609 =head2 threads - Perl extension allowing use of interpreter based threads
9618 $thread = threads->create(function, LIST), $thread->join, $thread->detach,
9619 threads->self, $thread->tid, threads->object( tid ), threads->yield();,
9620 threads->list();, async BLOCK;
9624 A thread exited while %d other threads were still running
9630 Parent-Child threads, Returning objects, Creating threads inside BEGIN
9631 blocks, PERL_OLD_SIGNALS are not threadsafe, will not be
9633 =item AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT
9639 =head2 assertions - select assertions in blocks of code
9649 =item Selecting assertions
9651 =item Handling assertions your own way
9653 enabled($on), enabled(), seen($on), seen()
9663 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
9667 =head2 assertions::activate - activate assertions
9679 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
9683 =head2 assertions::compat - assertions for pre-5.9 versions of perl
9693 =item The C<assertion> attribute handler
9695 =item Assertion execution status as a constant
9703 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
9707 =head2 attributes - get/set subroutine or variable attributes
9717 =item Built-in Attributes
9719 locked, method, lvalue
9721 =item Available Subroutines
9725 =item Package-specific Attribute Handling
9727 FETCH_I<type>_ATTRIBUTES, MODIFY_I<type>_ATTRIBUTES
9729 =item Syntax of Attribute Lists
9737 =item Default exports
9739 =item Available exports
9741 =item Export tags defined
9751 =head2 autouse - postpone load of modules until a function is used
9767 =head2 base - Establish IS-A relationship with base classes at compile time
9777 Base class package "%s" is empty
9787 =head2 bigint - Transparent BigInteger support for Perl
9799 a or accuracy, p or precision, t or trace, l or lib, v or version
9803 =item Internal Format
9825 =head2 bignum - Transparent BigNumber support for Perl
9837 a or accuracy, p or precision, t or trace, l or lib, v or version
9843 inf(), NaN(), upgrade()
9847 =item INTERNAL FORMAT
9865 =head2 bigrat - Transparent BigNumber/BigRational support for Perl
9887 a or accuracy, p or precision, t or trace, l or lib, v or version
9893 perl -Mbigrat -le 'print sqrt(33)'
9894 perl -Mbigrat -le 'print 2*255'
9895 perl -Mbigrat -le 'print 4.5+2*255'
9896 perl -Mbigrat -le 'print 3/7 + 5/7 + 8/3'
9897 perl -Mbigrat -le 'print 12->is_odd()';
9907 =head2 blib - Use MakeMaker's uninstalled version of a package
9921 =head2 bytes - Perl pragma to force byte semantics rather than character
9936 =head2 charnames - define character names for C<\N{named}> string literal
9945 =item CUSTOM TRANSLATORS
9947 =item CUSTOM ALIASES
9951 =item Anonymous hashes
9955 =item Alias shortcut
9959 =item charnames::viacode(code)
9961 =item charnames::vianame(name)
9965 =item ILLEGAL CHARACTERS
9971 =head2 constant - Perl pragma to declare constants
9983 =item List constants
9985 =item Defining multiple constants at once
9987 =item Magic constants
9991 =item TECHNICAL NOTES
10001 =head2 diagnostics, splain - produce verbose warning diagnostics
10011 =item The C<diagnostics> Pragma
10013 =item The I<splain> Program
10027 =head2 encoding - allows you to write your script in non-ascii or non-utf8
10037 =item Literal Conversions
10039 =item PerlIO layers for C<STD(IN|OUT)>
10041 =item Implicit upgrading for byte strings
10045 =item FEATURES THAT REQUIRE 5.8.1
10047 "NON-EUC" doublebyte encodings, tr//, DATA pseudo-filehandle
10051 use encoding [I<ENCNAME>] ;, use encoding I<ENCNAME> [ STDIN =E<gt>
10052 I<ENCNAME_IN> ...] ;, use encoding I<ENCNAME> Filter=E<gt>1;, no encoding;
10054 =item The Filter Option
10058 =item Filter-related changes at Encode version 1.87
10068 =item DO NOT MIX MULTIPLE ENCODINGS
10070 =item tr/// with ranges
10072 Legend of characters above
10076 =item EXAMPLE - Greekperl
10078 =item KNOWN PROBLEMS
10080 literals in regex that are longer than 127 bytes, EBCDIC, format
10084 =item The Logic of :locale
10094 =head2 encoding::warnings - Warn on implicit encoding conversions
10106 =item Overview of the problem
10108 =item Detecting the problem
10110 =item Solving the problem
10112 Upgrade both sides to unicode-strings, Downgrade both sides to
10113 byte-strings, Specify the encoding for implicit byte-string upgrading,
10114 PerlIO layers for B<STDIN> and B<STDOUT>, Literal conversions, Implicit
10115 upgrading for byte-strings
10133 =head2 fields - compile-time class fields
10147 =head2 filetest - Perl pragma to control the filetest permission operators
10157 =item subpragma access
10163 =head2 if - C<use> a Perl module if a condition holds
10177 =head2 integer - Perl pragma to use integer arithmetic instead of floating
10188 =head2 less - perl pragma to request less of something from the compiler
10198 =head2 lib - manipulate @INC at compile time
10208 =item Adding directories to @INC
10210 =item Deleting directories from @INC
10212 =item Restoring original @INC
10226 =head2 locale - Perl pragma to use and avoid POSIX locales for built-in
10237 =head2 open - perl pragma to set default PerlIO layers for input and output
10245 =item NONPERLIO FUNCTIONALITY
10247 =item IMPLEMENTATION DETAILS
10253 =head2 ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when compiling
10265 =head2 overload - Package for overloading perl operations
10275 =item Declaration of overloaded functions
10277 =item Calling Conventions for Binary Operations
10279 FALSE, TRUE, C<undef>
10281 =item Calling Conventions for Unary Operations
10283 =item Calling Conventions for Mutators
10285 C<++> and C<-->, C<x=> and other assignment versions
10287 =item Overloadable Operations
10289 I<Arithmetic operations>, I<Comparison operations>, I<Bit operations>,
10290 I<Increment and decrement>, I<Transcendental functions>, I<Boolean, string
10291 and numeric conversion>, I<Iteration>, I<Dereferencing>, I<Special>
10293 =item Inheritance and overloading
10295 Strings as values of C<use overload> directive, Overloading of an operation
10296 is inherited by derived classes
10300 =item SPECIAL SYMBOLS FOR C<use overload>
10308 C<undef>, TRUE, defined, but FALSE
10310 =item Copy Constructor
10316 =item MAGIC AUTOGENERATION
10318 I<Assignment forms of arithmetic operations>, I<Conversion operations>,
10319 I<Increment and decrement>, C<abs($a)>, I<Unary minus>, I<Negation>,
10320 I<Concatenation>, I<Comparison operations>, I<Iterator>, I<Dereferencing>,
10323 =item Losing overloading
10325 =item Run-time Overloading
10327 =item Public functions
10329 overload::StrVal(arg), overload::Overloaded(arg), overload::Method(obj,op)
10331 =item Overloading constants
10333 integer, float, binary, q, qr
10335 =item IMPLEMENTATION
10337 =item Metaphor clash
10343 =item Two-face scalars
10345 =item Two-face references
10347 =item Symbolic calculator
10349 =item I<Really> symbolic calculator
10357 Odd number of arguments for overload::constant, `%s' is not an overloadable
10358 type, `%s' is not a code reference
10364 =head2 sigtrap - Perl pragma to enable simple signal handling
10376 =item SIGNAL HANDLERS
10378 B<stack-trace>, B<die>, B<handler> I<your-handler>
10382 B<normal-signals>, B<error-signals>, B<old-interface-signals>
10386 B<untrapped>, B<any>, I<signal>, I<number>
10394 =head2 sort - perl pragma to control sort() behaviour
10406 =head2 strict - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe constructs
10414 C<strict refs>, C<strict vars>, C<strict subs>
10420 =head2 subs - Perl pragma to predeclare sub names
10430 =head2 threadshared, threads::shared - Perl extension for sharing data
10431 structures between threads
10443 share VARIABLE, lock VARIABLE, cond_wait VARIABLE, cond_wait CONDVAR,
10444 LOCKVAR, cond_timedwait VARIABLE, ABS_TIMEOUT, cond_timedwait CONDVAR,
10445 ABS_TIMEOUT, LOCKVAR, cond_signal VARIABLE, cond_broadcast VARIABLE
10457 =head2 utf8 - Perl pragma to enable/disable UTF-8 (or UTF-EBCDIC) in source
10468 =item Utility functions
10470 $num_octets = utf8::upgrade($string), $success = utf8::downgrade($string[,
10471 FAIL_OK]), utf8::encode($string), utf8::decode($string), $flag =
10472 utf8::is_utf8(STRING), $flag = utf8::valid(STRING)
10482 =head2 vars - Perl pragma to predeclare global variable names (obsolete)
10492 =head2 version - Perl extension for Version Objects
10502 =item What IS a version
10504 Numeric Versions, Quoted Versions
10506 =item What about v-strings?
10508 =item Numeric Versions
10510 =item Quoted Versions
10512 =item Numeric Alpha Versions
10514 =item Object Methods
10516 New Operator, qv(), Normal Form, Numification, Stringification, Comparison
10517 operators, Logical Operators
10521 =item Types of Versions Objects
10523 Ordinary versions, Alpha Versions
10525 =item Replacement UNIVERSAL::VERSION
10537 =head2 vmsish - Perl pragma to control VMS-specific language features
10545 C<vmsish status>, C<vmsish exit>, C<vmsish time>, C<vmsish hushed>
10549 =head2 warnings - Perl pragma to control optional warnings
10557 use warnings::register, warnings::enabled(), warnings::enabled($category),
10558 warnings::enabled($object), warnings::warn($message),
10559 warnings::warn($category, $message), warnings::warn($object, $message),
10560 warnings::warnif($message), warnings::warnif($category, $message),
10561 warnings::warnif($object, $message)
10565 =head2 warnings::register - warnings import function
10575 =head1 MODULE DOCUMENTATION
10577 =head2 AnyDBM_File - provide framework for multiple DBMs
10587 =item DBM Comparisons
10597 =head2 Archive::Tar - module for manipulations of tar archives
10605 =item Object Methods
10609 =item Archive::Tar->new( [$file, $compressed] )
10617 =item $tar->read ( $filename|$handle, $compressed, {opt => 'val'} )
10625 =item $tar->contains_file( $filename )
10631 =item $tar->extract( [@filenames] )
10637 =item $tar->extract_file( $file, [$extract_path] )
10643 =item $tar->list_files( [\@properties] )
10649 =item $tar->get_files( [@filenames] )
10655 =item $tar->get_content( $file )
10661 =item $tar->replace_content( $file, $content )
10667 =item $tar->rename( $file, $new_name )
10673 =item $tar->remove (@filenamelist)
10685 =item $tar->write ( [$file, $compressed, $prefix] )
10691 =item $tar->add_files( @filenamelist )
10697 =item $tar->add_data ( $filename, $data, [$opthashref] )
10703 =item $tar->error( [$BOOL] )
10709 =item $bool = $tar->has_io_string
10715 =item $bool = $tar->has_perlio
10721 =item Class Methods
10725 =item Archive::Tar->create_archive($file, $compression, @filelist)
10733 =item Archive::Tar->list_archive ($file, $compressed, [\@properties])
10739 =item Archive::Tar->extract_archive ($file, $gzip)
10745 =item Archive::Tar->can_handle_compressed_files
10751 =item GLOBAL VARIABLES
10755 =item $Archive::Tar::FOLLOW_SYMLINK
10757 =item $Archive::Tar::CHOWN
10759 =item $Archive::Tar::CHMOD
10761 =item $Archive::Tar::DO_NOT_USE_PREFIX
10763 =item $Archive::Tar::DEBUG
10765 =item $Archive::Tar::WARN
10767 =item $Archive::Tar::error
10769 =item $Archive::Tar::HAS_PERLIO
10771 =item $Archive::Tar::HAS_IO_STRING
10777 What's the minimum perl version required to run Archive::Tar?, Isn't
10778 Archive::Tar slow?, Isn't Archive::Tar heavier on memory than /bin/tar?,
10779 Can't you lazy-load data instead?, How much memory will an X kb tar file
10780 need?, What do you do with unsupported filetypes in an archive?
10784 Check if passed in handles are open for read/write
10788 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
10794 =head2 Archive::Tar::File - a subclass for in-memory extracted file from
10807 name, mode, uid, gid, size, mtime, chksum, type, linkname, magic, version,
10808 uname, gname, devmajor, devminor, prefix, raw
10816 =item new( file => $path )
10818 =item new( data => $path, $data, $opt )
10820 =item new( chunk => $chunk )
10852 =item get_content_by_ref
10858 =item replace_content( $content )
10864 =item rename( $new_name )
10870 =item Convenience methods
10872 is_file, is_dir, is_hardlink, is_symlink, is_chardev, is_blockdev, is_fifo,
10873 is_socket, is_longlink, is_label, is_unknown
10877 =head2 Attribute::Handlers - Simpler definition of attribute handlers
10887 [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5]
10891 =item Typed lexicals
10893 =item Type-specific attribute handlers
10895 =item Non-interpretive attribute handlers
10897 =item Phase-specific attribute handlers
10899 =item Attributes as C<tie> interfaces
10907 C<Bad attribute type: ATTR(%s)>, C<Attribute handler %s doesn't handle %s
10908 attributes>, C<Declaration of %s attribute in package %s may clash with
10909 future reserved word>, C<Can't have two ATTR specifiers on one subroutine>,
10910 C<Can't autotie a %s>, C<Internal error: %s symbol went missing>, C<Won't
10911 be able to apply END handler>
10921 =head2 AutoLoader - load subroutines only on demand
10931 =item Subroutine Stubs
10933 =item Using B<AutoLoader>'s AUTOLOAD Subroutine
10935 =item Overriding B<AutoLoader>'s AUTOLOAD Subroutine
10937 =item Package Lexicals
10939 =item Not Using AutoLoader
10941 =item B<AutoLoader> vs. B<SelfLoader>
10951 =head2 AutoSplit - split a package for autoloading
10959 $keep, $check, $modtime
10963 =item Multiple packages
10971 =head2 B - The Perl Compiler
10981 =item Utility Functions
10985 =item Functions Returning C<B::SV>, C<B::AV>, C<B::HV>, and C<B::CV>
10988 sv_undef, sv_yes, sv_no, svref_2object(SVREF), amagic_generation, init_av,
10989 check_av, begin_av, end_av, comppadlist, regex_padav, main_cv
10991 =item Functions for Examining the Symbol Table
10993 walksymtable(SYMREF, METHOD, RECURSE, PREFIX)
10995 =item Functions Returning C<B::OP> objects or for walking op trees
10997 main_root, main_start, walkoptree(OP, METHOD), walkoptree_debug(DEBUG)
10999 =item Miscellaneous Utility Functions
11001 ppname(OPNUM), hash(STR), cast_I32(I), minus_c, cstring(STR),
11002 perlstring(STR), class(OBJ), threadsv_names
11006 =item OVERVIEW OF CLASSES
11010 =item SV-RELATED CLASSES
11012 =item B::SV Methods
11014 REFCNT, FLAGS, object_2svref
11016 =item B::IV Methods
11018 IV, IVX, UVX, int_value, needs64bits, packiv
11020 =item B::NV Methods
11024 =item B::RV Methods
11028 =item B::PV Methods
11032 =item B::PVMG Methods
11036 =item B::MAGIC Methods
11038 MOREMAGIC, precomp, PRIVATE, TYPE, FLAGS, OBJ, PTR, REGEX
11040 =item B::PVLV Methods
11042 TARGOFF, TARGLEN, TYPE, TARG
11044 =item B::BM Methods
11046 USEFUL, PREVIOUS, RARE, TABLE
11048 =item B::GV Methods
11050 is_empty, NAME, SAFENAME, STASH, SV, IO, FORM, AV, HV, EGV, CV, CVGEN,
11051 LINE, FILE, FILEGV, GvREFCNT, FLAGS
11053 =item B::IO Methods
11055 LINES, PAGE, PAGE_LEN, LINES_LEFT, TOP_NAME, TOP_GV, FMT_NAME, FMT_GV,
11056 BOTTOM_NAME, BOTTOM_GV, SUBPROCESS, IoTYPE, IoFLAGS, IsSTD
11058 =item B::AV Methods
11060 FILL, MAX, ARRAY, ARRAYelt
11062 =item B::CV Methods
11064 STASH, START, ROOT, GV, FILE, DEPTH, PADLIST, OUTSIDE, OUTSIDE_SEQ, XSUB,
11065 XSUBANY, CvFLAGS, const_sv
11067 =item B::HV Methods
11069 FILL, MAX, KEYS, RITER, NAME, ARRAY
11071 =item OP-RELATED CLASSES
11073 =item B::OP Methods
11075 next, sibling, name, ppaddr, desc, targ, type, opt, static, flags, private,
11078 =item B::UNOP METHOD
11082 =item B::BINOP METHOD
11086 =item B::LOGOP METHOD
11090 =item B::LISTOP METHOD
11094 =item B::PMOP Methods
11096 pmreplroot, pmreplstart, pmnext, pmregexp, pmflags, pmdynflags,
11097 pmpermflags, precomp, pmoffset
11099 =item B::SVOP METHOD
11103 =item B::PADOP METHOD
11107 =item B::PVOP METHOD
11111 =item B::LOOP Methods
11113 redoop, nextop, lastop
11115 =item B::COP Methods
11117 label, stash, stashpv, file, cop_seq, arybase, line, warnings, io
11125 =head2 B::Asmdata - Autogenerated data about Perl ops, used to generate
11134 %insn_data, @insn_name, @optype, @specialsv_name
11140 =head2 B::Assembler - Assemble Perl bytecode
11152 =head2 B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks
11172 =head2 B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend
11184 B<-b>, B<-H>, B<-k>, B<-o>I<outfile>, B<-s>
11194 =head2 B::C - Perl compiler's C backend
11204 B<-ofilename>, B<-v>, B<-->, B<-uPackname>, B<-D>, B<-Do>, B<-Dc>, B<-DA>,
11205 B<-DC>, B<-DM>, B<-f>, B<-fcog>, B<-fsave-data>, B<-fppaddr>, B<-fwarn-sv>,
11206 B<-fuse-script-name>, B<-fsave-sig-hash>, B<-On>, B<-O0>, B<-O1>, B<-O2>,
11217 =head2 B::CC - Perl compiler's optimized C translation backend
11227 B<-ofilename>, B<-v>, B<-->, B<-uPackname>, B<-mModulename>, B<-D>, B<-Dr>,
11228 B<-DO>, B<-Ds>, B<-Dp>, B<-Dq>, B<-Dl>, B<-Dt>, B<-f>,
11229 B<-ffreetmps-each-bblock>, B<-ffreetmps-each-loop>, B<-fomit-taint>, B<-On>
11241 =item Context of ".."
11245 =item Deprecated features
11253 =head2 B::Concise - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing concise info about ops
11267 =item Options for Opcode Ordering
11269 B<-basic>, B<-exec>, B<-tree>
11271 =item Options for Line-Style
11273 B<-concise>, B<-terse>, B<-linenoise>, B<-debug>, B<-env>
11275 =item Options for tree-specific formatting
11277 B<-compact>, B<-loose>, B<-vt>, B<-ascii>
11279 =item Options controlling sequence numbering
11281 B<-base>I<n>, B<-bigendian>, B<-littleendian>
11283 =item Other options
11285 B<-main>, B<-nomain>, B<-nobanner>, B<-banner>, B<-banneris> => subref
11287 =item Option Stickiness
11291 =item ABBREVIATIONS
11295 =item OP class abbreviations
11297 =item OP flags abbreviations
11301 =item FORMATTING SPECIFICATIONS
11305 =item Special Patterns
11307 B<(x(>I<exec_text>B<;>I<basic_text>B<)x)>, B<(*(>I<text>B<)*)>,
11308 B<(*(>I<text1>B<;>I<text2>B<)*)>, B<(?(>I<text1>B<#>I<var>I<Text2>B<)?)>,
11313 B<#>I<var>, B<#>I<var>I<N>, B<#>I<Var>, B<#addr>, B<#arg>, B<#class>,
11314 B<#classsym>, B<#coplabel>, B<#exname>, B<#extarg>, B<#firstaddr>,
11315 B<#flags>, B<#flagval>, B<#hyphseq>, B<#label>, B<#lastaddr>, B<#name>,
11316 B<#NAME>, B<#next>, B<#nextaddr>, B<#noise>, B<#private>, B<#privval>,
11317 B<#seq>, B<#seqnum>, B<#opt>, B<#static>, B<#sibaddr>, B<#svaddr>,
11318 B<#svclass>, B<#svval>, B<#targ>, B<#targarg>, B<#targarglife>, B<#typenum>
11322 =item Using B::Concise outside of the O framework
11326 =item Example: Altering Concise Renderings
11330 =item set_style_standard($name)
11334 =item add_callback()
11336 =item Running B::Concise::compile()
11338 =item B::Concise::reset_sequence()
11348 =head2 B::Debug - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing debug info about ops
11360 =head2 B::Deparse - Perl compiler backend to produce perl code
11370 B<-d>, B<-f>I<FILE>, B<-l>, B<-p>, B<-P>, B<-q>, B<-s>I<LETTERS>, B<C>,
11371 B<i>I<NUMBER>, B<T>, B<v>I<STRING>B<.>, B<-x>I<LEVEL>
11373 =item USING B::Deparse AS A MODULE
11383 =item ambient_pragmas
11385 strict, $[, bytes, utf8, integer, re, warnings, hint_bits, warning_bits
11397 =head2 B::Disassembler - Disassemble Perl bytecode
11409 =head2 B::Lint - Perl lint
11417 =item OPTIONS AND LINT CHECKS
11419 B<context>, B<implicit-read> and B<implicit-write>, B<bare-subs>,
11420 B<dollar-underscore>, B<private-names>, B<undefined-subs>,
11421 B<regexp-variables>, B<all>, B<none>
11423 =item NON LINT-CHECK OPTIONS
11433 =head2 B::O, O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends
11443 =item IMPLEMENTATION
11451 =head2 B::Showlex - Show lexical variables used in functions or files
11475 =head2 B::Stackobj - Helper module for CC backend
11487 =head2 B::Stash - show what stashes are loaded
11489 =head2 B::Terse - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing terse info about ops
11501 =head2 B::Xref - Generates cross reference reports for Perl programs
11511 C<-oFILENAME>, C<-r>, C<-d>, C<-D[tO]>
11519 =head2 Bblock, B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks
11539 =head2 Benchmark - benchmark running times of Perl code
11553 =item Standard Exports
11555 timeit(COUNT, CODE), timethis ( COUNT, CODE, [ TITLE, [ STYLE ]] ),
11556 timethese ( COUNT, CODEHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), timediff ( T1, T2 ), timestr (
11557 TIMEDIFF, [ STYLE, [ FORMAT ] ] )
11559 =item Optional Exports
11561 clearcache ( COUNT ), clearallcache ( ), cmpthese ( COUNT, CODEHASHREF, [
11562 STYLE ] ), cmpthese ( RESULTSHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), countit(TIME, CODE),
11563 disablecache ( ), enablecache ( ), timesum ( T1, T2 )
11565 =item :hireswallclock
11581 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
11585 =head2 ByteLoader - load byte compiled perl code
11599 =head2 Bytecode, B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend
11611 B<-b>, B<-H>, B<-k>, B<-o>I<outfile>, B<-s>
11621 =head2 CGI - Simple Common Gateway Interface Class
11633 =item PROGRAMMING STYLE
11635 =item CALLING CGI.PM ROUTINES
11637 =item CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT (OBJECT-ORIENTED STYLE):
11639 =item CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT FROM AN INPUT FILE
11641 =item FETCHING A LIST OF KEYWORDS FROM THE QUERY:
11643 =item FETCHING THE NAMES OF ALL THE PARAMETERS PASSED TO YOUR SCRIPT:
11645 =item FETCHING THE VALUE OR VALUES OF A SINGLE NAMED PARAMETER:
11647 =item SETTING THE VALUE(S) OF A NAMED PARAMETER:
11649 =item APPENDING ADDITIONAL VALUES TO A NAMED PARAMETER:
11651 =item IMPORTING ALL PARAMETERS INTO A NAMESPACE:
11653 =item DELETING A PARAMETER COMPLETELY:
11655 =item DELETING ALL PARAMETERS:
11657 =item DIRECT ACCESS TO THE PARAMETER LIST:
11659 =item FETCHING THE PARAMETER LIST AS A HASH:
11661 =item SAVING THE STATE OF THE SCRIPT TO A FILE:
11663 =item RETRIEVING CGI ERRORS
11665 =item USING THE FUNCTION-ORIENTED INTERFACE
11667 B<:cgi>, B<:form>, B<:html2>, B<:html3>, B<:html4>, B<:netscape>, B<:html>,
11668 B<:standard>, B<:all>
11672 -any, -compile, -nosticky, -no_undef_params, -no_xhtml, -nph,
11673 -newstyle_urls, -oldstyle_urls, -autoload, -no_debug, -debug,
11676 =item SPECIAL FORMS FOR IMPORTING HTML-TAG FUNCTIONS
11678 1. start_table() (generates a <table> tag), 2. end_table() (generates a
11679 </table> tag), 3. start_ul() (generates a <ul> tag), 4. end_ul() (generates
11684 =item GENERATING DYNAMIC DOCUMENTS
11688 =item CREATING A STANDARD HTTP HEADER:
11690 =item GENERATING A REDIRECTION HEADER
11692 =item CREATING THE HTML DOCUMENT HEADER
11694 B<Parameters:>, 4, 5, 6..
11696 =item ENDING THE HTML DOCUMENT:
11698 =item CREATING A SELF-REFERENCING URL THAT PRESERVES STATE INFORMATION:
11700 =item OBTAINING THE SCRIPT'S URL
11702 B<-absolute>, B<-relative>, B<-full>, B<-path> (B<-path_info>), B<-query>
11703 (B<-query_string>), B<-base>
11705 =item MIXING POST AND URL PARAMETERS
11709 =item CREATING STANDARD HTML ELEMENTS:
11713 =item PROVIDING ARGUMENTS TO HTML SHORTCUTS
11715 =item THE DISTRIBUTIVE PROPERTY OF HTML SHORTCUTS
11717 =item HTML SHORTCUTS AND LIST INTERPOLATION
11719 =item NON-STANDARD HTML SHORTCUTS
11721 =item AUTOESCAPING HTML
11723 $escaped_string = escapeHTML("unescaped string");, $charset =
11724 charset([$charset]);, $flag = autoEscape([$flag]);
11726 =item PRETTY-PRINTING HTML
11730 =item CREATING FILL-OUT FORMS:
11734 =item CREATING AN ISINDEX TAG
11736 =item STARTING AND ENDING A FORM
11738 B<application/x-www-form-urlencoded>, B<multipart/form-data>
11740 =item FORM ELEMENTS
11742 B<-name>, B<-value>, B<-values>, B<-tabindex>, B<-id>, B<-override>,
11743 B<-onChange>, B<-onFocus>, B<-onBlur>, B<-onMouseOver>, B<-onMouseOut>,
11746 =item CREATING A TEXT FIELD
11750 =item CREATING A BIG TEXT FIELD
11752 =item CREATING A PASSWORD FIELD
11754 =item CREATING A FILE UPLOAD FIELD
11758 =item CREATING A POPUP MENU
11760 =item CREATING AN OPTION GROUP
11762 =item CREATING A SCROLLING LIST
11766 =item CREATING A GROUP OF RELATED CHECKBOXES
11770 =item CREATING A STANDALONE CHECKBOX
11774 =item CREATING A RADIO BUTTON GROUP
11778 =item CREATING A SUBMIT BUTTON
11782 =item CREATING A RESET BUTTON
11784 =item CREATING A DEFAULT BUTTON
11786 =item CREATING A HIDDEN FIELD
11790 =item CREATING A CLICKABLE IMAGE BUTTON
11792 B<Parameters:>, 3. The third option (-align, optional) is an alignment
11793 type, and may be TOP, BOTTOM or MIDDLE
11795 =item CREATING A JAVASCRIPT ACTION BUTTON
11801 1. an expiration time, 2. a domain, 3. a path, 4. a "secure" flag,
11802 B<-name>, B<-value>, B<-path>, B<-domain>, B<-expires>, B<-secure>
11804 =item WORKING WITH FRAMES
11806 1. Create a <Frameset> document, 2. Specify the destination for the
11807 document in the HTTP header, 3. Specify the destination for the document in
11810 =item SUPPORT FOR JAVASCRIPT
11812 B<onLoad>, B<onUnload>, B<onSubmit>, B<onClick>, B<onChange>, B<onFocus>,
11813 B<onBlur>, B<onSelect>, B<onMouseOver>, B<onMouseOut>
11815 =item LIMITED SUPPORT FOR CASCADING STYLE SHEETS
11821 =item DUMPING OUT ALL THE NAME/VALUE PAIRS
11825 =item FETCHING ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
11827 B<Accept()>, B<raw_cookie()>, B<user_agent()>, B<path_info()>,
11828 B<path_translated()>, B<remote_host()>, B<script_name()> Return the script
11829 name as a partial URL, for self-refering scripts, B<referer()>, B<auth_type
11830 ()>, B<server_name ()>, B<virtual_host ()>, B<server_port ()>,
11831 B<virtual_port ()>, B<server_software ()>, B<remote_user ()>, B<user_name
11832 ()>, B<request_method()>, B<content_type()>, B<http()>, B<https()>
11834 =item USING NPH SCRIPTS
11836 In the B<use> statement, By calling the B<nph()> method:, By using B<-nph>
11841 multipart_init(), multipart_start(), multipart_end(), multipart_final()
11843 =item Avoiding Denial of Service Attacks
11845 B<$CGI::POST_MAX>, B<$CGI::DISABLE_UPLOADS>, B<1. On a script-by-script
11846 basis>, B<2. Globally for all scripts>
11848 =item COMPATIBILITY WITH CGI-LIB.PL
11850 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
11854 Matt Heffron (heffron@falstaff.css.beckman.com), James Taylor
11855 (james.taylor@srs.gov), Scott Anguish <sanguish@digifix.com>, Mike Jewell
11856 (mlj3u@virginia.edu), Timothy Shimmin (tes@kbs.citri.edu.au), Joergen Haegg
11857 (jh@axis.se), Laurent Delfosse (delfosse@delfosse.com), Richard Resnick
11858 (applepi1@aol.com), Craig Bishop (csb@barwonwater.vic.gov.au), Tony Curtis
11859 (tc@vcpc.univie.ac.at), Tim Bunce (Tim.Bunce@ig.co.uk), Tom Christiansen
11860 (tchrist@convex.com), Andreas Koenig (k@franz.ww.TU-Berlin.DE), Tim
11861 MacKenzie (Tim.MacKenzie@fulcrum.com.au), Kevin B. Hendricks
11862 (kbhend@dogwood.tyler.wm.edu), Stephen Dahmen (joyfire@inxpress.net), Ed
11863 Jordan (ed@fidalgo.net), David Alan Pisoni (david@cnation.com), Doug
11864 MacEachern (dougm@opengroup.org), Robin Houston (robin@oneworld.org),
11865 ...and many many more..
11867 =item A COMPLETE EXAMPLE OF A SIMPLE FORM-BASED SCRIPT
11875 =head2 CGI::Apache - Backward compatibility module for CGI.pm
11885 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
11893 =head2 CGI::Carp, B<CGI::Carp> - CGI routines for writing to the HTTPD (or
11902 =item REDIRECTING ERROR MESSAGES
11904 =item MAKING PERL ERRORS APPEAR IN THE BROWSER WINDOW
11908 =item Changing the default message
11912 =item MAKING WARNINGS APPEAR AS HTML COMMENTS
11914 =item OVERRIDING THE NAME OF THE PROGRAM
11922 =head2 CGI::Cookie - Interface to Netscape Cookies
11930 =item USING CGI::Cookie
11932 B<1. expiration date>, B<2. domain>, B<3. path>, B<4. secure flag>
11936 =item Creating New Cookies
11938 =item Sending the Cookie to the Browser
11940 =item Recovering Previous Cookies
11942 =item Manipulating Cookies
11944 B<name()>, B<value()>, B<domain()>, B<path()>, B<expires()>
11948 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
11956 =head2 CGI::Fast - CGI Interface for Fast CGI
11964 =item OTHER PIECES OF THE PUZZLE
11966 =item WRITING FASTCGI PERL SCRIPTS
11968 =item INSTALLING FASTCGI SCRIPTS
11970 =item USING FASTCGI SCRIPTS AS CGI SCRIPTS
11972 =item EXTERNAL FASTCGI SERVER INVOCATION
11974 FCGI_SOCKET_PATH, FCGI_LISTEN_QUEUE
11978 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
11986 =head2 CGI::Pretty - module to produce nicely formatted HTML code
11996 =item Tags that won't be formatted
11998 =item Customizing the Indenting
12010 =head2 CGI::Push - Simple Interface to Server Push
12018 =item USING CGI::Push
12020 -next_page, -last_page, -type, -delay, -cookie, -target, -expires, -nph
12024 =item Heterogeneous Pages
12026 =item Changing the Page Delay on the Fly
12030 =item INSTALLING CGI::Push SCRIPTS
12032 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
12040 =head2 CGI::Switch - Backward compatibility module for defunct CGI::Switch
12050 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
12058 =head2 CGI::Util - Internal utilities used by CGI module
12066 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
12072 =head2 CPAN - query, download and build perl modules from CPAN sites
12084 =item Interactive Mode
12086 Searching for authors, bundles, distribution files and modules, make, test,
12087 install, clean modules or distributions, get, readme, look module or
12088 distribution, ls author, Signals
12096 =item The four C<CPAN::*> Classes: Author, Bundle, Module, Distribution
12098 =item Programmer's interface
12100 expand($type,@things), expandany(@things), Programming Examples
12102 =item Methods in the other Classes
12104 CPAN::Author::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Author::as_string(),
12105 CPAN::Author::email(), CPAN::Author::fullname(), CPAN::Author::name(),
12106 CPAN::Bundle::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Bundle::as_string(),
12107 CPAN::Bundle::clean(), CPAN::Bundle::contains(),
12108 CPAN::Bundle::force($method,@args), CPAN::Bundle::get(),
12109 CPAN::Bundle::inst_file(), CPAN::Bundle::inst_version(),
12110 CPAN::Bundle::uptodate(), CPAN::Bundle::install(), CPAN::Bundle::make(),
12111 CPAN::Bundle::readme(), CPAN::Bundle::test(),
12112 CPAN::Distribution::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Distribution::as_string(),
12113 CPAN::Distribution::clean(), CPAN::Distribution::containsmods(),
12114 CPAN::Distribution::cvs_import(), CPAN::Distribution::dir(),
12115 CPAN::Distribution::force($method,@args), CPAN::Distribution::get(),
12116 CPAN::Distribution::install(), CPAN::Distribution::isa_perl(),
12117 CPAN::Distribution::look(), CPAN::Distribution::make(),
12118 CPAN::Distribution::prereq_pm(), CPAN::Distribution::readme(),
12119 CPAN::Distribution::test(), CPAN::Distribution::uptodate(),
12120 CPAN::Index::force_reload(), CPAN::Index::reload(), CPAN::InfoObj::dump(),
12121 CPAN::Module::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Module::as_string(),
12122 CPAN::Module::clean(), CPAN::Module::cpan_file(),
12123 CPAN::Module::cpan_version(), CPAN::Module::cvs_import(),
12124 CPAN::Module::description(), CPAN::Module::force($method,@args),
12125 CPAN::Module::get(), CPAN::Module::inst_file(),
12126 CPAN::Module::inst_version(), CPAN::Module::install(),
12127 CPAN::Module::look(), CPAN::Module::make(),
12128 CPAN::Module::manpage_headline(), CPAN::Module::readme(),
12129 CPAN::Module::test(), CPAN::Module::uptodate(), CPAN::Module::userid()
12131 =item Cache Manager
12135 =item Prerequisites
12137 =item Finding packages and VERSION
12141 =item Floppy, Zip, Offline Mode
12145 =item CONFIGURATION
12147 C<o conf E<lt>scalar optionE<gt>>, C<o conf E<lt>scalar optionE<gt>
12148 E<lt>valueE<gt>>, C<o conf E<lt>list optionE<gt>>, C<o conf E<lt>list
12149 optionE<gt> [shift|pop]>, C<o conf E<lt>list optionE<gt>
12150 [unshift|push|splice] E<lt>listE<gt>>
12154 =item Note on urllist parameter's format
12156 =item urllist parameter has CD-ROM support
12164 =item POPULATE AN INSTALLATION WITH LOTS OF MODULES
12166 =item WORKING WITH CPAN.pm BEHIND FIREWALLS
12170 =item Three basic types of firewalls
12172 http firewall, ftp firewall, One way visibility, SOCKS, IP Masquerade
12174 =item Configuring lynx or ncftp for going through a firewall
12180 1), 2), 3), 4), 5), 6), 7), 8), 9), 10)
12192 =head2 CPAN::FirstTime - Utility for CPAN::Config file Initialization
12202 =head2 CPANox, CPAN::Nox - Wrapper around CPAN.pm without using any XS
12215 =head2 Carp, carp - warn of errors (from perspective of caller)
12225 =item Forcing a Stack Trace
12229 =item GLOBAL VARIABLES
12233 =item $Carp::CarpLevel
12235 =item $Carp::MaxEvalLen
12237 =item $Carp::MaxArgLen
12239 =item $Carp::MaxArgNums
12241 =item $Carp::Verbose
12249 =head2 Carp::Heavy - heavy machinery, no user serviceable parts inside
12251 =head2 Class::ISA -- report the search path for a class's ISA tree
12261 the function Class::ISA::super_path($CLASS), the function
12262 Class::ISA::self_and_super_path($CLASS), the function
12263 Class::ISA::self_and_super_versions($CLASS)
12265 =item CAUTIONARY NOTES
12273 =head2 Class::Struct - declare struct-like datatypes as Perl classes
12283 =item The C<struct()> function
12285 =item Class Creation at Compile Time
12287 =item Element Types and Accessor Methods
12289 Scalar (C<'$'> or C<'*$'>), Array (C<'@'> or C<'*@'>), Hash (C<'%'> or
12290 C<'*%'>), Class (C<'Class_Name'> or C<'*Class_Name'>)
12292 =item Initializing with C<new>
12298 Example 1, Example 2, Example 3
12300 =item Author and Modification History
12304 =head2 Compress::Zlib - Interface to zlib compression library
12316 =item B<($d, $status) = deflateInit( [OPT] )>
12318 B<-Level>, B<-Method>, B<-WindowBits>, B<-MemLevel>, B<-Strategy>,
12319 B<-Dictionary>, B<-Bufsize>
12321 =item B<($out, $status) = $d-E<gt>deflate($buffer)>
12323 =item B<($out, $status) = $d-E<gt>flush([flush_type])>
12325 =item B<$status = $d-E<gt>deflateParams([OPT])>
12327 B<-Level>, B<-Strategy>
12329 =item B<$d-E<gt>dict_adler()>
12331 =item B<$d-E<gt>msg()>
12333 =item B<$d-E<gt>total_in()>
12335 =item B<$d-E<gt>total_out()>
12345 =item B<($i, $status) = inflateInit()>
12347 B<-WindowBits>, B<-Bufsize>, B<-Dictionary>
12349 =item B<($out, $status) = $i-E<gt>inflate($buffer)>
12351 =item B<$status = $i-E<gt>inflateSync($buffer)>
12353 =item B<$i-E<gt>dict_adler()>
12355 =item B<$i-E<gt>msg()>
12357 =item B<$i-E<gt>total_in()>
12359 =item B<$i-E<gt>total_out()>
12365 =item COMPRESS/UNCOMPRESS
12367 B<$dest = compress($source [, $level] ) ;>, B<$dest = uncompress($source)
12370 =item GZIP INTERFACE
12372 B<$gz = gzopen(filename or filehandle, mode)>, B<$bytesread =
12373 $gz-E<gt>gzread($buffer [, $size]) ;>, B<$bytesread =
12374 $gz-E<gt>gzreadline($line) ;>, B<$byteswritten = $gz-E<gt>gzwrite($buffer)
12375 ;>, B<$status = $gz-E<gt>gzflush($flush) ;>, B<$status = $gz-E<gt>gzeof()
12376 ;>, B<$gz-E<gt>gzclose>, B<$gz-E<gt>gzsetparams($level, $strategy>,
12377 B<$level>, B<$strategy>, B<$gz-E<gt>gzerror>, B<$gzerrno>
12383 =item Compress::Zlib::memGzip
12385 =item Compress::Zlib::memGunzip
12389 =item CHECKSUM FUNCTIONS
12391 =item ACCESSING ZIP FILES
12397 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
12401 =head2 Config - access Perl configuration information
12409 myconfig(), config_sh(), config_re($regex), config_vars(@names)
12421 C<_a>, C<_exe>, C<_o>
12425 C<afs>, C<afsroot>, C<alignbytes>, C<ansi2knr>, C<aphostname>,
12426 C<api_revision>, C<api_subversion>, C<api_version>, C<api_versionstring>,
12427 C<ar>, C<archlib>, C<archlibexp>, C<archname64>, C<archname>, C<archobjs>,
12428 C<asctime_r_proto>, C<awk>
12432 C<baserev>, C<bash>, C<bin>, C<binexp>, C<bison>, C<byacc>, C<byteorder>
12436 C<c>, C<castflags>, C<cat>, C<cc>, C<cccdlflags>, C<ccdlflags>, C<ccflags>,
12437 C<ccflags_uselargefiles>, C<ccname>, C<ccsymbols>, C<ccversion>, C<cf_by>,
12438 C<cf_email>, C<cf_time>, C<charsize>, C<chgrp>, C<chmod>, C<chown>,
12439 C<clocktype>, C<comm>, C<compress>, C<contains>, C<cp>, C<cpio>, C<cpp>,
12440 C<cpp_stuff>, C<cppccsymbols>, C<cppflags>, C<cpplast>, C<cppminus>,
12441 C<cpprun>, C<cppstdin>, C<cppsymbols>, C<crypt_r_proto>, C<cryptlib>,
12442 C<csh>, C<ctermid_r_proto>, C<ctime_r_proto>
12446 C<d__fwalk>, C<d_access>, C<d_accessx>, C<d_aintl>, C<d_alarm>,
12447 C<d_archlib>, C<d_asctime_r>, C<d_atolf>, C<d_atoll>,
12448 C<d_attribute_format>, C<d_attribute_malloc>, C<d_attribute_nonnull>,
12449 C<d_attribute_noreturn>, C<d_attribute_pure>, C<d_attribute_unused>,
12450 C<d_attribute_warn_unused_result>, C<d_bcmp>, C<d_bcopy>, C<d_bsd>,
12451 C<d_bsdgetpgrp>, C<d_bsdsetpgrp>, C<d_bzero>, C<d_casti32>, C<d_castneg>,
12452 C<d_charvspr>, C<d_chown>, C<d_chroot>, C<d_chsize>, C<d_class>,
12453 C<d_closedir>, C<d_cmsghdr_s>, C<d_const>, C<d_copysignl>, C<d_crypt>,
12454 C<d_crypt_r>, C<d_csh>, C<d_ctermid_r>, C<d_ctime_r>, C<d_cuserid>,
12455 C<d_dbl_dig>, C<d_dbminitproto>, C<d_difftime>, C<d_dirfd>, C<d_dirnamlen>,
12456 C<d_dlerror>, C<d_dlopen>, C<d_dlsymun>, C<d_dosuid>, C<d_drand48_r>,
12457 C<d_drand48proto>, C<d_dup2>, C<d_eaccess>, C<d_endgrent>, C<d_endgrent_r>,
12458 C<d_endhent>, C<d_endhostent_r>, C<d_endnent>, C<d_endnetent_r>,
12459 C<d_endpent>, C<d_endprotoent_r>, C<d_endpwent>, C<d_endpwent_r>,
12460 C<d_endsent>, C<d_endservent_r>, C<d_eofnblk>, C<d_eunice>, C<d_faststdio>,
12461 C<d_fchdir>, C<d_fchmod>, C<d_fchown>, C<d_fcntl>, C<d_fcntl_can_lock>,
12462 C<d_fd_macros>, C<d_fd_set>, C<d_fds_bits>, C<d_fgetpos>, C<d_finite>,
12463 C<d_finitel>, C<d_flexfnam>, C<d_flock>, C<d_flockproto>, C<d_fork>,
12464 C<d_fp_class>, C<d_fpathconf>, C<d_fpclass>, C<d_fpclassify>,
12465 C<d_fpclassl>, C<d_fpos64_t>, C<d_frexpl>, C<d_fs_data_s>, C<d_fseeko>,
12466 C<d_fsetpos>, C<d_fstatfs>, C<d_fstatvfs>, C<d_fsync>, C<d_ftello>,
12467 C<d_ftime>, C<d_Gconvert>, C<d_getcwd>, C<d_getespwnam>, C<d_getfsstat>,
12468 C<d_getgrent>, C<d_getgrent_r>, C<d_getgrgid_r>, C<d_getgrnam_r>,
12469 C<d_getgrps>, C<d_gethbyaddr>, C<d_gethbyname>, C<d_gethent>,
12470 C<d_gethname>, C<d_gethostbyaddr_r>, C<d_gethostbyname_r>,
12471 C<d_gethostent_r>, C<d_gethostprotos>, C<d_getitimer>, C<d_getlogin>,
12472 C<d_getlogin_r>, C<d_getmnt>, C<d_getmntent>, C<d_getnbyaddr>,
12473 C<d_getnbyname>, C<d_getnent>, C<d_getnetbyaddr_r>, C<d_getnetbyname_r>,
12474 C<d_getnetent_r>, C<d_getnetprotos>, C<d_getpagsz>, C<d_getpbyname>,
12475 C<d_getpbynumber>, C<d_getpent>, C<d_getpgid>, C<d_getpgrp2>, C<d_getpgrp>,
12476 C<d_getppid>, C<d_getprior>, C<d_getprotobyname_r>,
12477 C<d_getprotobynumber_r>, C<d_getprotoent_r>, C<d_getprotoprotos>,
12478 C<d_getprpwnam>, C<d_getpwent>, C<d_getpwent_r>, C<d_getpwnam_r>,
12479 C<d_getpwuid_r>, C<d_getsbyname>, C<d_getsbyport>, C<d_getsent>,
12480 C<d_getservbyname_r>, C<d_getservbyport_r>, C<d_getservent_r>,
12481 C<d_getservprotos>, C<d_getspnam>, C<d_getspnam_r>, C<d_gettimeod>,
12482 C<d_gmtime_r>, C<d_gnulibc>, C<d_grpasswd>, C<d_hasmntopt>, C<d_htonl>,
12483 C<d_ilogbl>, C<d_index>, C<d_inetaton>, C<d_int64_t>, C<d_isascii>,
12484 C<d_isfinite>, C<d_isinf>, C<d_isnan>, C<d_isnanl>, C<d_killpg>,
12485 C<d_lchown>, C<d_ldbl_dig>, C<d_link>, C<d_localtime_r>, C<d_locconv>,
12486 C<d_lockf>, C<d_longdbl>, C<d_longlong>, C<d_lseekproto>, C<d_lstat>,
12487 C<d_madvise>, C<d_mblen>, C<d_mbstowcs>, C<d_mbtowc>, C<d_memchr>,
12488 C<d_memcmp>, C<d_memcpy>, C<d_memmove>, C<d_memset>, C<d_mkdir>,
12489 C<d_mkdtemp>, C<d_mkfifo>, C<d_mkstemp>, C<d_mkstemps>, C<d_mktime>,
12490 C<d_mmap>, C<d_modfl>, C<d_modfl_pow32_bug>, C<d_modflproto>,
12491 C<d_mprotect>, C<d_msg>, C<d_msg_ctrunc>, C<d_msg_dontroute>, C<d_msg_oob>,
12492 C<d_msg_peek>, C<d_msg_proxy>, C<d_msgctl>, C<d_msgget>, C<d_msghdr_s>,
12493 C<d_msgrcv>, C<d_msgsnd>, C<d_msync>, C<d_munmap>, C<d_mymalloc>,
12494 C<d_nice>, C<d_nl_langinfo>, C<d_nv_preserves_uv>,
12495 C<d_nv_zero_is_allbits_zero>, C<d_off64_t>,
12496 C<d_old_pthread_create_joinable>, C<d_oldpthreads>, C<d_oldsock>,
12497 C<d_open3>, C<d_pathconf>, C<d_pause>, C<d_perl_otherlibdirs>,
12498 C<d_phostname>, C<d_pipe>, C<d_poll>, C<d_portable>, C<d_PRId64>,
12499 C<d_PRIeldbl>, C<d_PRIEUldbl>, C<d_PRIfldbl>, C<d_PRIFUldbl>,
12500 C<d_PRIgldbl>, C<d_PRIGUldbl>, C<d_PRIi64>, C<d_PRIo64>, C<d_PRIu64>,
12501 C<d_PRIx64>, C<d_PRIXU64>, C<d_procselfexe>, C<d_pthread_atfork>,
12502 C<d_pthread_attr_setscope>, C<d_pthread_yield>, C<d_pwage>, C<d_pwchange>,
12503 C<d_pwclass>, C<d_pwcomment>, C<d_pwexpire>, C<d_pwgecos>, C<d_pwpasswd>,
12504 C<d_pwquota>, C<d_qgcvt>, C<d_quad>, C<d_random_r>, C<d_readdir64_r>,
12505 C<d_readdir>, C<d_readdir_r>, C<d_readlink>, C<d_readv>, C<d_recvmsg>,
12506 C<d_rename>, C<d_rewinddir>, C<d_rmdir>, C<d_safebcpy>, C<d_safemcpy>,
12507 C<d_sanemcmp>, C<d_sbrkproto>, C<d_scalbnl>, C<d_sched_yield>,
12508 C<d_scm_rights>, C<d_SCNfldbl>, C<d_seekdir>, C<d_select>, C<d_sem>,
12509 C<d_semctl>, C<d_semctl_semid_ds>, C<d_semctl_semun>, C<d_semget>,
12510 C<d_semop>, C<d_sendmsg>, C<d_setegid>, C<d_seteuid>, C<d_setgrent>,
12511 C<d_setgrent_r>, C<d_setgrps>, C<d_sethent>, C<d_sethostent_r>,
12512 C<d_setitimer>, C<d_setlinebuf>, C<d_setlocale>, C<d_setlocale_r>,
12513 C<d_setnent>, C<d_setnetent_r>, C<d_setpent>, C<d_setpgid>, C<d_setpgrp2>,
12514 C<d_setpgrp>, C<d_setprior>, C<d_setproctitle>, C<d_setprotoent_r>,
12515 C<d_setpwent>, C<d_setpwent_r>, C<d_setregid>, C<d_setresgid>,
12516 C<d_setresuid>, C<d_setreuid>, C<d_setrgid>, C<d_setruid>, C<d_setsent>,
12517 C<d_setservent_r>, C<d_setsid>, C<d_setvbuf>, C<d_sfio>, C<d_shm>,
12518 C<d_shmat>, C<d_shmatprototype>, C<d_shmctl>, C<d_shmdt>, C<d_shmget>,
12519 C<d_sigaction>, C<d_sigprocmask>, C<d_sigsetjmp>, C<d_sockatmark>,
12520 C<d_sockatmarkproto>, C<d_socket>, C<d_socklen_t>, C<d_sockpair>,
12521 C<d_socks5_init>, C<d_sqrtl>, C<d_srand48_r>, C<d_srandom_r>,
12522 C<d_sresgproto>, C<d_sresuproto>, C<d_statblks>, C<d_statfs_f_flags>,
12523 C<d_statfs_s>, C<d_statvfs>, C<d_stdio_cnt_lval>, C<d_stdio_ptr_lval>,
12524 C<d_stdio_ptr_lval_nochange_cnt>, C<d_stdio_ptr_lval_sets_cnt>,
12525 C<d_stdio_stream_array>, C<d_stdiobase>, C<d_stdstdio>, C<d_strchr>,
12526 C<d_strcoll>, C<d_strctcpy>, C<d_strerrm>, C<d_strerror>, C<d_strerror_r>,
12527 C<d_strftime>, C<d_strlcat>, C<d_strlcpy>, C<d_strtod>, C<d_strtol>,
12528 C<d_strtold>, C<d_strtoll>, C<d_strtoq>, C<d_strtoul>, C<d_strtoull>,
12529 C<d_strtouq>, C<d_strxfrm>, C<d_suidsafe>, C<d_symlink>, C<d_syscall>,
12530 C<d_syscallproto>, C<d_sysconf>, C<d_sysernlst>, C<d_syserrlst>,
12531 C<d_system>, C<d_tcgetpgrp>, C<d_tcsetpgrp>, C<d_telldir>,
12532 C<d_telldirproto>, C<d_time>, C<d_times>, C<d_tm_tm_gmtoff>,
12533 C<d_tm_tm_zone>, C<d_tmpnam_r>, C<d_truncate>, C<d_ttyname_r>, C<d_tzname>,
12534 C<d_u32align>, C<d_ualarm>, C<d_umask>, C<d_uname>, C<d_union_semun>,
12535 C<d_unordered>, C<d_usleep>, C<d_usleepproto>, C<d_ustat>, C<d_vendorarch>,
12536 C<d_vendorbin>, C<d_vendorlib>, C<d_vendorscript>, C<d_vfork>,
12537 C<d_void_closedir>, C<d_voidsig>, C<d_voidtty>, C<d_volatile>,
12538 C<d_vprintf>, C<d_wait4>, C<d_waitpid>, C<d_wcstombs>, C<d_wctomb>,
12539 C<d_writev>, C<d_xenix>, C<date>, C<db_hashtype>, C<db_prefixtype>,
12540 C<db_version_major>, C<db_version_minor>, C<db_version_patch>,
12541 C<defvoidused>, C<direntrytype>, C<dlext>, C<dlsrc>, C<doublesize>,
12542 C<drand01>, C<drand48_r_proto>, C<dynamic_ext>
12546 C<eagain>, C<ebcdic>, C<echo>, C<egrep>, C<emacs>, C<endgrent_r_proto>,
12547 C<endhostent_r_proto>, C<endnetent_r_proto>, C<endprotoent_r_proto>,
12548 C<endpwent_r_proto>, C<endservent_r_proto>, C<eunicefix>, C<exe_ext>,
12549 C<expr>, C<extensions>, C<extras>
12553 C<fflushall>, C<fflushNULL>, C<find>, C<firstmakefile>, C<flex>,
12554 C<fpossize>, C<fpostype>, C<freetype>, C<from>, C<full_ar>, C<full_csh>,
12559 C<gccansipedantic>, C<gccosandvers>, C<gccversion>, C<getgrent_r_proto>,
12560 C<getgrgid_r_proto>, C<getgrnam_r_proto>, C<gethostbyaddr_r_proto>,
12561 C<gethostbyname_r_proto>, C<gethostent_r_proto>, C<getlogin_r_proto>,
12562 C<getnetbyaddr_r_proto>, C<getnetbyname_r_proto>, C<getnetent_r_proto>,
12563 C<getprotobyname_r_proto>, C<getprotobynumber_r_proto>,
12564 C<getprotoent_r_proto>, C<getpwent_r_proto>, C<getpwnam_r_proto>,
12565 C<getpwuid_r_proto>, C<getservbyname_r_proto>, C<getservbyport_r_proto>,
12566 C<getservent_r_proto>, C<getspnam_r_proto>, C<gidformat>, C<gidsign>,
12567 C<gidsize>, C<gidtype>, C<glibpth>, C<gmake>, C<gmtime_r_proto>,
12568 C<gnulibc_version>, C<grep>, C<groupcat>, C<groupstype>, C<gzip>
12572 C<h_fcntl>, C<h_sysfile>, C<hint>, C<hostcat>, C<html1dir>, C<html1direxp>,
12573 C<html3dir>, C<html3direxp>
12577 C<i16size>, C<i16type>, C<i32size>, C<i32type>, C<i64size>, C<i64type>,
12578 C<i8size>, C<i8type>, C<i_arpainet>, C<i_bsdioctl>, C<i_crypt>, C<i_db>,
12579 C<i_dbm>, C<i_dirent>, C<i_dld>, C<i_dlfcn>, C<i_fcntl>, C<i_float>,
12580 C<i_fp>, C<i_fp_class>, C<i_gdbm>, C<i_grp>, C<i_ieeefp>, C<i_inttypes>,
12581 C<i_langinfo>, C<i_libutil>, C<i_limits>, C<i_locale>, C<i_machcthr>,
12582 C<i_malloc>, C<i_math>, C<i_memory>, C<i_mntent>, C<i_ndbm>, C<i_netdb>,
12583 C<i_neterrno>, C<i_netinettcp>, C<i_niin>, C<i_poll>, C<i_prot>,
12584 C<i_pthread>, C<i_pwd>, C<i_rpcsvcdbm>, C<i_sfio>, C<i_sgtty>, C<i_shadow>,
12585 C<i_socks>, C<i_stdarg>, C<i_stddef>, C<i_stdlib>, C<i_string>,
12586 C<i_sunmath>, C<i_sysaccess>, C<i_sysdir>, C<i_sysfile>, C<i_sysfilio>,
12587 C<i_sysin>, C<i_sysioctl>, C<i_syslog>, C<i_sysmman>, C<i_sysmode>,
12588 C<i_sysmount>, C<i_sysndir>, C<i_sysparam>, C<i_sysresrc>, C<i_syssecrt>,
12589 C<i_sysselct>, C<i_syssockio>, C<i_sysstat>, C<i_sysstatfs>,
12590 C<i_sysstatvfs>, C<i_systime>, C<i_systimek>, C<i_systimes>, C<i_systypes>,
12591 C<i_sysuio>, C<i_sysun>, C<i_sysutsname>, C<i_sysvfs>, C<i_syswait>,
12592 C<i_termio>, C<i_termios>, C<i_time>, C<i_unistd>, C<i_ustat>, C<i_utime>,
12593 C<i_values>, C<i_varargs>, C<i_varhdr>, C<i_vfork>,
12594 C<ignore_versioned_solibs>, C<inc_version_list>, C<inc_version_list_init>,
12595 C<incpath>, C<inews>, C<installarchlib>, C<installbin>, C<installhtml1dir>,
12596 C<installhtml3dir>, C<installman1dir>, C<installman3dir>, C<installprefix>,
12597 C<installprefixexp>, C<installprivlib>, C<installscript>,
12598 C<installsitearch>, C<installsitebin>, C<installsitehtml1dir>,
12599 C<installsitehtml3dir>, C<installsitelib>, C<installsiteman1dir>,
12600 C<installsiteman3dir>, C<installsitescript>, C<installstyle>,
12601 C<installusrbinperl>, C<installvendorarch>, C<installvendorbin>,
12602 C<installvendorhtml1dir>, C<installvendorhtml3dir>, C<installvendorlib>,
12603 C<installvendorman1dir>, C<installvendorman3dir>, C<installvendorscript>,
12604 C<intsize>, C<issymlink>, C<ivdformat>, C<ivsize>, C<ivtype>
12608 C<known_extensions>, C<ksh>
12612 C<ld>, C<lddlflags>, C<ldflags>, C<ldflags_uselargefiles>, C<ldlibpthname>,
12613 C<less>, C<lib_ext>, C<libc>, C<libperl>, C<libpth>, C<libs>, C<libsdirs>,
12614 C<libsfiles>, C<libsfound>, C<libspath>, C<libswanted>,
12615 C<libswanted_uselargefiles>, C<line>, C<lint>, C<lkflags>, C<ln>, C<lns>,
12616 C<localtime_r_proto>, C<locincpth>, C<loclibpth>, C<longdblsize>,
12617 C<longlongsize>, C<longsize>, C<lp>, C<lpr>, C<ls>, C<lseeksize>,
12622 C<mail>, C<mailx>, C<make>, C<make_set_make>, C<mallocobj>, C<mallocsrc>,
12623 C<malloctype>, C<man1dir>, C<man1direxp>, C<man1ext>, C<man3dir>,
12624 C<man3direxp>, C<man3ext>
12628 C<Mcc>, C<mips_type>, C<mistrustnm>, C<mkdir>, C<mmaptype>, C<modetype>,
12629 C<more>, C<multiarch>, C<mv>, C<myarchname>, C<mydomain>, C<myhostname>,
12634 C<n>, C<need_va_copy>, C<netdb_hlen_type>, C<netdb_host_type>,
12635 C<netdb_name_type>, C<netdb_net_type>, C<nm>, C<nm_opt>, C<nm_so_opt>,
12636 C<nonxs_ext>, C<nroff>, C<nv_preserves_uv_bits>, C<nveformat>,
12637 C<nvEUformat>, C<nvfformat>, C<nvFUformat>, C<nvgformat>, C<nvGUformat>,
12638 C<nvsize>, C<nvtype>
12642 C<o_nonblock>, C<obj_ext>, C<old_pthread_create_joinable>, C<optimize>,
12643 C<orderlib>, C<osname>, C<osvers>, C<otherlibdirs>
12647 C<package>, C<pager>, C<passcat>, C<patchlevel>, C<path_sep>, C<perl5>,
12648 C<perl>, C<perl_patchlevel>
12652 C<PERL_REVISION>, C<PERL_SUBVERSION>, C<PERL_VERSION>, C<perladmin>,
12653 C<perllibs>, C<perlpath>, C<pg>, C<phostname>, C<pidtype>, C<plibpth>,
12654 C<pmake>, C<pr>, C<prefix>, C<prefixexp>, C<privlib>, C<privlibexp>,
12655 C<procselfexe>, C<prototype>, C<ptrsize>
12659 C<quadkind>, C<quadtype>
12663 C<randbits>, C<randfunc>, C<random_r_proto>, C<randseedtype>, C<ranlib>,
12664 C<rd_nodata>, C<readdir64_r_proto>, C<readdir_r_proto>, C<revision>, C<rm>,
12665 C<rmail>, C<run>, C<runnm>
12669 C<sched_yield>, C<scriptdir>, C<scriptdirexp>, C<sed>, C<seedfunc>,
12670 C<selectminbits>, C<selecttype>, C<sendmail>, C<setgrent_r_proto>,
12671 C<sethostent_r_proto>, C<setlocale_r_proto>, C<setnetent_r_proto>,
12672 C<setprotoent_r_proto>, C<setpwent_r_proto>, C<setservent_r_proto>, C<sh>,
12673 C<shar>, C<sharpbang>, C<shmattype>, C<shortsize>, C<shrpenv>, C<shsharp>,
12674 C<sig_count>, C<sig_name>, C<sig_name_init>, C<sig_num>, C<sig_num_init>,
12675 C<sig_size>, C<signal_t>, C<sitearch>, C<sitearchexp>, C<sitebin>,
12676 C<sitebinexp>, C<sitehtml1dir>, C<sitehtml1direxp>, C<sitehtml3dir>,
12677 C<sitehtml3direxp>, C<sitelib>, C<sitelib_stem>, C<sitelibexp>,
12678 C<siteman1dir>, C<siteman1direxp>, C<siteman3dir>, C<siteman3direxp>,
12679 C<siteprefix>, C<siteprefixexp>, C<sitescript>, C<sitescriptexp>,
12680 C<sizesize>, C<sizetype>, C<sleep>, C<smail>, C<so>, C<sockethdr>,
12681 C<socketlib>, C<socksizetype>, C<sort>, C<spackage>, C<spitshell>,
12682 C<sPRId64>, C<sPRIeldbl>, C<sPRIEUldbl>, C<sPRIfldbl>, C<sPRIFUldbl>,
12683 C<sPRIgldbl>, C<sPRIGUldbl>, C<sPRIi64>, C<sPRIo64>, C<sPRIu64>,
12684 C<sPRIx64>, C<sPRIXU64>, C<srand48_r_proto>, C<srandom_r_proto>, C<src>,
12685 C<sSCNfldbl>, C<ssizetype>, C<startperl>, C<startsh>, C<static_ext>,
12686 C<stdchar>, C<stdio_base>, C<stdio_bufsiz>, C<stdio_cnt>, C<stdio_filbuf>,
12687 C<stdio_ptr>, C<stdio_stream_array>, C<strerror_r_proto>, C<strings>,
12688 C<submit>, C<subversion>, C<sysman>
12692 C<tail>, C<tar>, C<targetarch>, C<tbl>, C<tee>, C<test>, C<timeincl>,
12693 C<timetype>, C<tmpnam_r_proto>, C<to>, C<touch>, C<tr>, C<trnl>, C<troff>,
12698 C<u16size>, C<u16type>, C<u32size>, C<u32type>, C<u64size>, C<u64type>,
12699 C<u8size>, C<u8type>, C<uidformat>, C<uidsign>, C<uidsize>, C<uidtype>,
12700 C<uname>, C<uniq>, C<uquadtype>, C<use5005threads>, C<use64bitall>,
12701 C<use64bitint>, C<usecrosscompile>, C<usedl>, C<usefaststdio>,
12702 C<useithreads>, C<uselargefiles>, C<uselongdouble>, C<usemallocwrap>,
12703 C<usemorebits>, C<usemultiplicity>, C<usemymalloc>, C<usenm>, C<useopcode>,
12704 C<useperlio>, C<useposix>, C<usereentrant>, C<userelocatableinc>,
12705 C<usesfio>, C<useshrplib>, C<usesocks>, C<usethreads>, C<usevendorprefix>,
12706 C<usevfork>, C<usrinc>, C<uuname>, C<uvoformat>, C<uvsize>, C<uvtype>,
12707 C<uvuformat>, C<uvxformat>, C<uvXUformat>
12711 C<vendorarch>, C<vendorarchexp>, C<vendorbin>, C<vendorbinexp>,
12712 C<vendorhtml1dir>, C<vendorhtml1direxp>, C<vendorhtml3dir>,
12713 C<vendorhtml3direxp>, C<vendorlib>, C<vendorlib_stem>, C<vendorlibexp>,
12714 C<vendorman1dir>, C<vendorman1direxp>, C<vendorman3dir>,
12715 C<vendorman3direxp>, C<vendorprefix>, C<vendorprefixexp>, C<vendorscript>,
12716 C<vendorscriptexp>, C<version>, C<version_patchlevel_string>,
12717 C<versiononly>, C<vi>, C<voidflags>
12725 C<yacc>, C<yaccflags>
12743 dynamic, nonxs, static
12749 =head2 Cwd - get pathname of current working directory
12759 =item getcwd and friends
12761 getcwd, cwd, fastcwd, fastgetcwd, getdcwd
12763 =item abs_path and friends
12765 abs_path, realpath, fast_abs_path
12781 =head2 DB - programmatic interface to the Perl debugging API (draft,
12793 =item Global Variables
12795 $DB::sub, %DB::sub, $DB::single, $DB::signal, $DB::trace, @DB::args,
12796 @DB::dbline, %DB::dbline, $DB::package, $DB::filename, $DB::subname,
12801 CLIENT->register(), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->skippkg('D::hide'),
12802 CLIENT->run(), CLIENT->step(), CLIENT->next(), CLIENT->done()
12804 =item Client Callback Methods
12806 CLIENT->init(), CLIENT->prestop([STRING]), CLIENT->stop(), CLIENT->idle(),
12807 CLIENT->poststop([STRING]), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->cleanup(),
12808 CLIENT->output(LIST)
12818 =head2 DBM_Filter -- Filter DBM keys/values
12826 =item What is a DBM Filter?
12830 =item So what's new?
12838 =item $db->Filter_Push()
12840 =item $db->Filter_Key_Push()
12842 =item $db->Filter_Value_Push()
12844 Filter_Push, Filter_Key_Push, Filter_Value_Push
12846 =item $db->Filter_Pop()
12848 =item $db->Filtered()
12852 =item Writing a Filter
12856 =item Immediate Filters
12858 =item Canned Filters
12864 =item Filters Included
12866 utf8, encode, compress, int32, null
12872 =item Maintain Round Trip Integrity
12874 =item Don't mix filtered & non-filtered data in the same database file.
12886 =head2 DB_File - Perl5 access to Berkeley DB version 1.x
12894 B<DB_HASH>, B<DB_BTREE>, B<DB_RECNO>
12898 =item Using DB_File with Berkeley DB version 2 or greater
12900 =item Interface to Berkeley DB
12902 =item Opening a Berkeley DB Database File
12904 =item Default Parameters
12906 =item In Memory Databases
12914 =item A Simple Example
12922 =item Changing the BTREE sort order
12924 =item Handling Duplicate Keys
12926 =item The get_dup() Method
12928 =item The find_dup() Method
12930 =item The del_dup() Method
12932 =item Matching Partial Keys
12940 =item The 'bval' Option
12942 =item A Simple Example
12944 =item Extra RECNO Methods
12946 B<$X-E<gt>push(list) ;>, B<$value = $X-E<gt>pop ;>, B<$X-E<gt>shift>,
12947 B<$X-E<gt>unshift(list) ;>, B<$X-E<gt>length>, B<$X-E<gt>splice(offset,
12948 length, elements);>
12950 =item Another Example
12954 =item THE API INTERFACE
12956 B<$status = $X-E<gt>get($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status =
12957 $X-E<gt>put($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>del($key [,
12958 $flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>fd ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>seq($key,
12959 $value, $flags) ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>sync([$flags]) ;>
12963 B<filter_store_key>, B<filter_store_value>, B<filter_fetch_key>,
12964 B<filter_fetch_value>
12970 =item An Example -- the NULL termination problem.
12972 =item Another Example -- Key is a C int.
12976 =item HINTS AND TIPS
12980 =item Locking: The Trouble with fd
12982 =item Safe ways to lock a database
12984 B<Tie::DB_Lock>, B<Tie::DB_LockFile>, B<DB_File::Lock>
12986 =item Sharing Databases With C Applications
12988 =item The untie() Gotcha
12992 =item COMMON QUESTIONS
12996 =item Why is there Perl source in my database?
12998 =item How do I store complex data structures with DB_File?
13000 =item What does "Invalid Argument" mean?
13002 =item What does "Bareword 'DB_File' not allowed" mean?
13022 =head2 Data::Dumper - stringified perl data structures, suitable for both
13023 printing and C<eval>
13035 I<PACKAGE>->new(I<ARRAYREF [>, I<ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Dump I<or>
13036 I<PACKAGE>->Dump(I<ARRAYREF [>, I<ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Seen(I<[HASHREF]>),
13037 I<$OBJ>->Values(I<[ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Names(I<[ARRAYREF]>),
13044 =item Configuration Variables or Methods
13070 =head2 Devel::DProf - a Perl code profiler
13078 =item PROFILE FORMAT
13090 =head2 Devel::PPPort - Perl/Pollution/Portability
13100 =item Why use ppport.h?
13102 You should use F<ppport.h> in modern code so that your code will work
13103 with the widest range of Perl interpreters possible, without significant
13106 =item How to use ppport.h
13108 =item Running ppport.h
13120 =item COMPATIBILITY
13124 =item Provided Perl compatibility API
13126 =item Perl API not supported by ppport.h
13128 perl 5.9.2, perl 5.9.1, perl 5.9.0, perl 5.8.3, perl 5.8.1, perl 5.8.0,
13129 perl 5.7.3, perl 5.7.2, perl 5.7.1, perl 5.6.1, perl 5.6.0, perl 5.005_03,
13130 perl 5.005, perl 5.004_05, perl 5.004_04, perl 5.004
13144 =head2 Devel::Peek - A data debugging tool for the XS programmer
13154 =item Runtime debugging
13156 =item Memory footprint debugging
13164 =item A simple scalar string
13166 =item A simple scalar number
13168 =item A simple scalar with an extra reference
13170 =item A reference to a simple scalar
13172 =item A reference to an array
13174 =item A reference to a hash
13176 =item Dumping a large array or hash
13178 =item A reference to an SV which holds a C pointer
13180 =item A reference to a subroutine
13194 =head2 Devel::SelfStubber - generate stubs for a SelfLoading module
13204 =head2 Digest - Modules that calculate message digests
13212 I<binary>, I<hex>, I<base64>
13216 $ctx = Digest->XXX($arg,...), $ctx = Digest->new(XXX => $arg,...), $ctx =
13217 Digest::XXX->new($arg,...), $other_ctx = $ctx->clone, $ctx->reset,
13218 $ctx->add( $data, ... ), $ctx->addfile( $io_handle ), $ctx->add_bits(
13219 $data, $nbits ), $ctx->add_bits( $bitstring ), $ctx->digest,
13220 $ctx->hexdigest, $ctx->b64digest
13230 =head2 Digest::MD5 - Perl interface to the MD5 Algorithm
13240 md5($data,...), md5_hex($data,...), md5_base64($data,...)
13244 $md5 = Digest::MD5->new, $md5->reset, $md5->clone, $md5->add($data,...),
13245 $md5->addfile($io_handle), $md5->add_bits($data, $nbits),
13246 $md5->add_bits($bitstring), $md5->digest, $md5->hexdigest, $md5->b64digest
13258 =head2 Digest::base - Digest base class
13270 =head2 Digest::file - Calculate digests of files
13278 digest_file( $file, $algorithm, [$arg,...] ), digest_file_hex( $file,
13279 $algorithm, [$arg,...] ), digest_file_base64( $file, $algorithm, [$arg,...]
13286 =head2 DirHandle - supply object methods for directory handles
13298 =head2 Dumpvalue - provides screen dump of Perl data.
13310 C<arrayDepth>, C<hashDepth>, C<compactDump>, C<veryCompact>, C<globPrint>,
13311 C<dumpDBFiles>, C<dumpPackages>, C<dumpReused>, C<tick>, C<quoteHighBit>,
13312 C<printUndef>, C<usageOnly>, unctrl, subdump, bareStringify, quoteHighBit,
13317 dumpValue, dumpValues, stringify, dumpvars, set_quote, set_unctrl,
13318 compactDump, veryCompact, set, get
13324 =head2 DynaLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code
13332 @dl_library_path, @dl_resolve_using, @dl_require_symbols, @dl_librefs,
13333 @dl_modules, @dl_shared_objects, dl_error(), $dl_debug, dl_findfile(),
13334 dl_expandspec(), dl_load_file(), dl_unload_file(), dl_load_flags(),
13335 dl_find_symbol(), dl_find_symbol_anywhere(), dl_undef_symbols(),
13336 dl_install_xsub(), bootstrap()
13342 =head2 DynaLoader::XSLoader, XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into
13353 =item Migration from C<DynaLoader>
13355 =item Backward compatible boilerplate
13359 =item Order of initialization: early load()
13363 =item The most hairy case
13373 =head2 Encode - character encodings
13381 =item Table of Contents
13393 =item PERL ENCODING API
13395 $octets = encode(ENCODING, $string [, CHECK]), $string = decode(ENCODING,
13396 $octets [, CHECK]), [$length =] from_to($octets, FROM_ENC, TO_ENC [,
13397 CHECK]), $octets = encode_utf8($string);, $string = decode_utf8($octets [,
13402 =item Listing available encodings
13404 =item Defining Aliases
13408 =item Encoding via PerlIO
13410 =item Handling Malformed Data
13412 B<NOTE:> Not all encoding support this feature, I<CHECK> =
13413 Encode::FB_DEFAULT ( == 0), I<CHECK> = Encode::FB_CROAK ( == 1), I<CHECK> =
13414 Encode::FB_QUIET, I<CHECK> = Encode::FB_WARN, perlqq mode (I<CHECK> =
13415 Encode::FB_PERLQQ), HTML charref mode (I<CHECK> = Encode::FB_HTMLCREF), XML
13416 charref mode (I<CHECK> = Encode::FB_XMLCREF), The bitmask
13420 =item Unimplemented fallback schemes
13424 =item Defining Encodings
13426 =item The UTF-8 flag
13428 Goal #1:, Goal #2:, Goal #3:, Goal #4:
13432 =item Messing with Perl's Internals
13434 is_utf8(STRING [, CHECK]), _utf8_on(STRING), _utf8_off(STRING)
13438 =item UTF-8 vs. utf8
13446 =head2 Encode::Alias - alias definitions to encodings
13454 As a simple string, As a qr// compiled regular expression, e.g.:, As a code
13459 =item Alias overloading
13467 =head2 Encode::Byte - Single Byte Encodings
13481 =head2 Encode::CJKConstants -- Internally used by Encode::??::ISO_2022_*
13483 =head2 Encode::CN - China-based Chinese Encodings
13499 =head2 Encode::CN::HZ -- internally used by Encode::CN
13501 =head2 Encode::Config -- internally used by Encode
13503 =head2 Encode::EBCDIC - EBCDIC Encodings
13517 =head2 Encode::Encoding - Encode Implementation Base Class
13527 =item Methods you should implement
13529 -E<gt>encode($string [,$check]), -E<gt>decode($octets [,$check]),
13530 -E<gt>cat_decode($destination, $octets, $offset, $terminator [,$check])
13532 =item Other methods defined in Encode::Encodings
13534 -E<gt>name, -E<gt>renew, -E<gt>renewed, -E<gt>perlio_ok(),
13535 -E<gt>needs_lines()
13537 =item Example: Encode::ROT13
13541 =item Why the heck Encode API is different?
13545 =item Compiled Encodings
13551 Scheme 1, Scheme 2, Other Schemes
13555 =head2 Encode::Guess -- Guesses encoding from data
13565 Encode::Guess->set_suspects, Encode::Guess->add_suspects,
13566 Encode::decode("Guess" ...), Encode::Guess->guess($data),
13567 guess_encoding($data, [, I<list of suspects>])
13577 =head2 Encode::JP - Japanese Encodings
13587 =item Note on ISO-2022-JP(-1)?
13595 =head2 Encode::JP::H2Z -- internally used by Encode::JP::2022_JP*
13597 =head2 Encode::JP::JIS7 -- internally used by Encode::JP
13599 =head2 Encode::KR - Korean Encodings
13613 =head2 Encode::KR::2022_KR -- internally used by Encode::KR
13615 =head2 Encode::MIME::Header -- MIME 'B' and 'Q' header encoding
13631 =head2 Encode::PerlIO -- a detailed document on Encode and PerlIO
13637 =item How does it work?
13639 =item Line Buffering
13643 =item How can I tell whether my encoding fully supports PerlIO ?
13651 =head2 Encode::Supported -- Encodings supported by Encode
13659 =item Encoding Names
13663 =item Supported Encodings
13667 =item Built-in Encodings
13669 =item Encode::Unicode -- other Unicode encodings
13671 =item Encode::Byte -- Extended ASCII
13673 ISO-8859 and corresponding vendor mappings, KOI8 - De Facto Standard for
13674 the Cyrillic world, gsm0338 - Hentai Latin 1
13676 =item CJK: Chinese, Japanese, Korean (Multibyte)
13678 Encode::CN -- Continental China, Encode::JP -- Japan, Encode::KR -- Korea,
13679 Encode::TW -- Taiwan, Encode::HanExtra -- More Chinese via CPAN,
13680 Encode::JIS2K -- JIS X 0213 encodings via CPAN
13682 =item Miscellaneous encodings
13684 Encode::EBCDIC, Encode::Symbols, Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::Guess
13688 =item Unsupported encodings
13690 ISO-2022-JP-2 [RFC1554], ISO-2022-CN [RFC1922], Various HP-UX encodings,
13691 Cyrillic encoding ISO-IR-111, ISO-8859-8-1 [Hebrew], ISIRI 3342, Iran
13692 System, ISIRI 2900 [Farsi], Thai encoding TCVN, Vietnamese encodings VPS,
13693 Various Mac encodings, (Mac) Indic encodings
13695 =item Encoding vs. Charset -- terminology
13697 =item Encoding Classification (by Anton Tagunov and Dan Kogai)
13701 =item Microsoft-related naming mess
13703 KS_C_5601-1987, GB2312, Big5, Shift_JIS
13709 character repertoire, coded character set (CCS), character encoding scheme
13710 (CES), charset (in MIME context), EUC, ISO-2022, UCS, UCS-2, Unicode, UTF,
13717 ECMA, ECMA-035 (eq C<ISO-2022>), IANA, Assigned Charset Names by IANA, ISO,
13718 RFC, UC, Unicode Glossary
13722 =item Other Notable Sites
13724 czyborra.com, CJK.inf, Jungshik Shin's Hangul FAQ, debian.org:
13725 "Introduction to i18n"
13727 =item Offline sources
13729 C<CJKV Information Processing> by Ken Lunde
13735 =head2 Encode::Symbol - Symbol Encodings
13749 =head2 Encode::TW - Taiwan-based Chinese Encodings
13765 =head2 Encode::Unicode -- Various Unicode Transformation Formats
13773 L<http://www.unicode.org/glossary/> says:, Quick Reference
13775 =item Size, Endianness, and BOM
13781 =item by endianness
13783 BOM as integer when fetched in network byte order
13787 =item Surrogate Pairs
13789 =item Error Checking
13795 =head2 Encode::Unicode::UTF7 -- UTF-7 encoding
13809 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Alias, Encode::Alias - alias definitions to
13818 As a simple string, As a qr// compiled regular expression, e.g.:, As a code
13823 =item Alias overloading
13831 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::CJKConstants, Encode::CJKConstants.pm --
13832 Internally used by Encode::??::ISO_2022_*
13834 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::CN::HZ, Encode::CN::HZ -- internally used by
13837 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Config, Encode::Config -- internally used by
13840 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Encoding, Encode::Encoding - Encode
13841 Implementation Base Class
13851 =item Methods you should implement
13853 -E<gt>encode($string [,$check]), -E<gt>decode($octets [,$check]),
13854 -E<gt>cat_decode($destination, $octets, $offset, $terminator [,$check])
13856 =item Other methods defined in Encode::Encodings
13858 -E<gt>name, -E<gt>renew, -E<gt>renewed, -E<gt>perlio_ok(),
13859 -E<gt>needs_lines()
13861 =item Example: Encode::ROT13
13865 =item Why the heck Encode API is different?
13869 =item Compiled Encodings
13875 Scheme 1, Scheme 2, Other Schemes
13879 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Guess, Encode::Guess -- Guesses encoding from
13890 Encode::Guess->set_suspects, Encode::Guess->add_suspects,
13891 Encode::decode("Guess" ...), Encode::Guess->guess($data),
13892 guess_encoding($data, [, I<list of suspects>])
13902 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::JP::H2Z, Encode::JP::H2Z -- internally used by
13903 Encode::JP::2022_JP*
13905 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::JP::JIS7, Encode::JP::JIS7 -- internally used
13908 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::KR::2022_KR, Encode::KR::2022_KR -- internally
13911 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::MIME::Header -- MIME 'B'
13912 and 'Q' header encoding
13928 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::PerlIO, Encode::PerlIO -- a detailed document
13929 on Encode and PerlIO
13935 =item How does it work?
13937 =item Line Buffering
13941 =item How can I tell whether my encoding fully supports PerlIO ?
13949 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Supported, Encode::Supported -- Encodings
13950 supported by Encode
13958 =item Encoding Names
13962 =item Supported Encodings
13966 =item Built-in Encodings
13968 =item Encode::Unicode -- other Unicode encodings
13970 =item Encode::Byte -- Extended ASCII
13972 ISO-8859 and corresponding vendor mappings, KOI8 - De Facto Standard for
13973 the Cyrillic world, gsm0338 - Hentai Latin 1
13975 =item CJK: Chinese, Japanese, Korean (Multibyte)
13977 Encode::CN -- Continental China, Encode::JP -- Japan, Encode::KR -- Korea,
13978 Encode::TW -- Taiwan, Encode::HanExtra -- More Chinese via CPAN,
13979 Encode::JIS2K -- JIS X 0213 encodings via CPAN
13981 =item Miscellaneous encodings
13983 Encode::EBCDIC, Encode::Symbols, Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::Guess
13987 =item Unsupported encodings
13989 ISO-2022-JP-2 [RFC1554], ISO-2022-CN [RFC1922], Various HP-UX encodings,
13990 Cyrillic encoding ISO-IR-111, ISO-8859-8-1 [Hebrew], ISIRI 3342, Iran
13991 System, ISIRI 2900 [Farsi], Thai encoding TCVN, Vietnamese encodings VPS,
13992 Various Mac encodings, (Mac) Indic encodings
13994 =item Encoding vs. Charset -- terminology
13996 =item Encoding Classification (by Anton Tagunov and Dan Kogai)
14000 =item Microsoft-related naming mess
14002 KS_C_5601-1987, GB2312, Big5, Shift_JIS
14008 character repertoire, coded character set (CCS), character encoding scheme
14009 (CES), charset (in MIME context), EUC, ISO-2022, UCS, UCS-2, Unicode, UTF,
14016 ECMA, ECMA-035 (eq C<ISO-2022>), IANA, Assigned Charset Names by IANA, ISO,
14017 RFC, UC, Unicode Glossary
14021 =item Other Notable Sites
14023 czyborra.com, CJK.inf, Jungshik Shin's Hangul FAQ, debian.org:
14024 "Introduction to i18n"
14026 =item Offline sources
14028 C<CJKV Information Processing> by Ken Lunde
14034 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Unicode::UTF7, Encode::Unicode::UTF7 -- UTF-7
14049 =head2 Encode::lib::Encoder, Encode::Encoder -- Object Oriented Encoder
14061 =item Predefined Methods
14063 $e = Encode::Encoder-E<gt>new([$data, $encoding]);, encoder(),
14064 $e-E<gt>data([$data]), $e-E<gt>encoding([$encoding]),
14065 $e-E<gt>bytes([$encoding])
14067 =item Example: base64 transcoder
14069 =item Operator Overloading
14077 =head2 Encodencoding, encoding - allows you to write your script in
14078 non-ascii or non-utf8
14088 =item Literal Conversions
14090 =item PerlIO layers for C<STD(IN|OUT)>
14092 =item Implicit upgrading for byte strings
14096 =item FEATURES THAT REQUIRE 5.8.1
14098 "NON-EUC" doublebyte encodings, tr//, DATA pseudo-filehandle
14102 use encoding [I<ENCNAME>] ;, use encoding I<ENCNAME> [ STDIN =E<gt>
14103 I<ENCNAME_IN> ...] ;, use encoding I<ENCNAME> Filter=E<gt>1;, no encoding;
14105 =item The Filter Option
14109 =item Filter-related changes at Encode version 1.87
14119 =item DO NOT MIX MULTIPLE ENCODINGS
14121 =item tr/// with ranges
14123 Legend of characters above
14127 =item EXAMPLE - Greekperl
14129 =item KNOWN PROBLEMS
14131 literals in regex that are longer than 127 bytes, EBCDIC, format
14135 =item The Logic of :locale
14145 =head2 Encoder, Encode::Encoder -- Object Oriented Encoder
14157 =item Predefined Methods
14159 $e = Encode::Encoder-E<gt>new([$data, $encoding]);, encoder(),
14160 $e-E<gt>data([$data]), $e-E<gt>encoding([$encoding]),
14161 $e-E<gt>bytes([$encoding])
14163 =item Example: base64 transcoder
14165 =item Operator Overloading
14173 =head2 English - use nice English (or awk) names for ugly punctuation
14186 =head2 Env - perl module that imports environment variables as scalars or
14201 =head2 Errno - System errno constants
14217 =head2 Exporter - Implements default import method for modules
14227 =item How to Export
14229 =item Selecting What To Export
14231 =item How to Import
14233 C<use ModuleName;>, C<use ModuleName ();>, C<use ModuleName qw(...);>
14237 =item Advanced features
14241 =item Specialised Import Lists
14243 =item Exporting without using Exporter's import method
14245 =item Exporting without inheriting from Exporter
14247 =item Module Version Checking
14249 =item Managing Unknown Symbols
14251 =item Tag Handling Utility Functions
14253 =item Generating combined tags
14255 =item C<AUTOLOAD>ed Constants
14261 =head2 Exporter::Heavy - Exporter guts
14271 =head2 ExtUtils::CBuilder - Compile and link C code for Perl modules
14281 new, have_compiler, compile, C<object_file>, C<include_dirs>,
14282 C<extra_compiler_flags>, link, lib_file, module_name, extra_linker_flags,
14283 link_executable, exe_file, object_file, lib_file, exe_file, prelink,
14298 =head2 ExtUtils::CBuilder::Platform::Windows - Builder class for Windows
14311 =head2 ExtUtils::Command - utilities to replace common UNIX commands in
14352 =head2 ExtUtils::Command::MM - Commands for the MM's to use in Makefiles
14366 B<warn_if_old_packlist>
14368 B<perllocal_install>
14372 =head2 ExtUtils::Constant - generate XS code to import C header constants
14382 IV, UV, NV, PV, PVN, SV, YES, NO, UNDEF
14390 XS_constant PACKAGE, TYPES, SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME
14392 autoload PACKAGE, VERSION, AUTOLOADER
14394 WriteMakefileSnippet
14396 WriteConstants ATTRIBUTE =E<gt> VALUE [, ...], NAME, DEFAULT_TYPE,
14397 BREAKOUT_AT, NAMES, C_FILE, XS_FILE, SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME
14405 =head2 ExtUtils::Constant::Base - base class for ExtUtils::Constant objects
14419 memEQ_clause args_hashref
14421 dump_names arg_hashref, ITEM..
14423 assign arg_hashref, VALUE..
14425 return_clause arg_hashref, ITEM
14427 switch_clause arg_hashref, NAMELEN, ITEMHASH, ITEM..
14431 dogfood arg_hashref, ITEM..
14433 C_constant arg_hashref, ITEM.., name, type, value, macro, default, pre,
14434 post, def_pre, def_post, utf8, weight
14444 =head2 ExtUtils::Constant::Utils - helper functions for ExtUtils::Constant
14458 perl_stringify NAME
14466 =head2 ExtUtils::Constant::XS, ExtUtils::Constant::Base - base class for
14467 ExtUtils::Constant objects
14481 =head2 ExtUtils::Embed - Utilities for embedding Perl in C/C++ applications
14493 xsinit(), Examples, ldopts(), Examples, perl_inc(), ccflags(), ccdlflags(),
14494 ccopts(), xsi_header(), xsi_protos(@modules), xsi_body(@modules)
14504 =head2 ExtUtils::Install - install files from here to there
14522 B<install_default> I<DISCOURAGED>
14534 B<PERL_INSTALL_ROOT>
14542 =head2 ExtUtils::Installed - Inventory management of installed modules
14554 new(), modules(), files(), directories(), directory_tree(), validate(),
14555 packlist(), version()
14563 =head2 ExtUtils::Liblist - determine libraries to use and how to use them
14571 For static extensions, For dynamic extensions at build/link time, For
14572 dynamic extensions at load time
14578 =item LDLOADLIBS and LD_RUN_PATH
14588 =item VMS implementation
14590 =item Win32 implementation
14598 =head2 ExtUtils::MM - OS adjusted ExtUtils::MakeMaker subclass
14608 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_AIX - AIX specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix
14618 =item Overridden methods
14632 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Any - Platform-agnostic MM methods
14644 =item Cross-platform helper methods
14670 =item File::Spec wrappers
14686 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_BeOS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
14687 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
14701 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
14702 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
14716 replace_manpage_separator
14720 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_DOS - DOS specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix
14730 =item Overridden methods
14738 B<replace_manpage_separator>
14748 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_MacOS - once produced Makefiles for MacOS Classic
14758 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_NW5 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
14759 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
14771 init_platform, platform_constants
14779 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_OS2 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
14780 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
14798 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_QNX - QNX specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix
14808 =item Overridden methods
14822 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_UWIN - U/WIN specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix
14832 =item Overridden methods
14840 B<replace_manpage_separator>
14850 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Unix - methods used by ExtUtils::MakeMaker
14944 init_platform, platform_constants
14988 post_initialize (o)
15000 replace_manpage_separator
15024 test_via_harness (override)
15026 test_via_script (override)
15050 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_VMS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
15051 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
15061 =item Methods always loaded
15073 guess_name (override)
15077 find_perl (override)
15079 maybe_command (override)
15083 pm_to_blib (override)
15085 perl_script (override)
15087 replace_manpage_separator
15093 init_main (override)
15095 init_others (override)
15097 init_platform (override)
15101 init_VERSION (override)
15103 constants (override)
15109 const_cccmd (override)
15111 tools_other (override)
15113 init_dist (override)
15123 dynamic_lib (override)
15125 static_lib (override)
15129 zipfile_target, tarfile_target, shdist_target
15133 perldepend (override)
15135 makeaperl (override)
15137 nicetext (override)
15139 prefixify (override)
15167 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_VOS - VOS specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix
15177 =item Overridden methods
15191 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Win32 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
15192 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
15204 =item Overridden methods
15210 replace_manpage_separator
15218 init_platform, platform_constants
15244 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Win95 - method to customize MakeMaker for Win9X
15254 =item Overridden methods
15276 =head2 ExtUtils::MY - ExtUtils::MakeMaker subclass for customization
15286 =head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker - Create a module Makefile
15296 =item How To Write A Makefile.PL
15298 =item Default Makefile Behaviour
15306 =item PREFIX and LIB attribute
15310 =item Static Linking of a new Perl Binary
15312 =item Determination of Perl Library and Installation Locations
15314 =item Which architecture dependent directory?
15316 =item Using Attributes and Parameters
15318 ABSTRACT, ABSTRACT_FROM, AUTHOR, BINARY_LOCATION, C, CCFLAGS, CONFIG,
15319 CONFIGURE, DEFINE, DESTDIR, DIR, DISTNAME, DISTVNAME, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS,
15320 EXCLUDE_EXT, EXE_FILES, FIRST_MAKEFILE, FULLPERL, FULLPERLRUN,
15321 FULLPERLRUNINST, FUNCLIST, H, IMPORTS, INC, INCLUDE_EXT, INSTALLARCHLIB,
15322 INSTALLBIN, INSTALLDIRS, INSTALLMAN1DIR, INSTALLMAN3DIR, INSTALLPRIVLIB,
15323 INSTALLSCRIPT, INSTALLSITEARCH, INSTALLSITEBIN, INSTALLSITELIB,
15324 INSTALLSITEMAN1DIR, INSTALLSITEMAN3DIR, INSTALLVENDORARCH,
15325 INSTALLVENDORBIN, INSTALLVENDORLIB, INSTALLVENDORMAN1DIR,
15326 INSTALLVENDORMAN3DIR, INST_ARCHLIB, INST_BIN, INST_LIB, INST_MAN1DIR,
15327 INST_MAN3DIR, INST_SCRIPT, LD, LDDLFLAGS, LDFROM, LIB, LIBPERL_A, LIBS,
15328 LINKTYPE, MAKEAPERL, MAKEFILE_OLD, MAN1PODS, MAN3PODS, MAP_TARGET,
15329 MYEXTLIB, NAME, NEEDS_LINKING, NOECHO, NORECURS, NO_META, NO_VC, OBJECT,
15330 OPTIMIZE, PERL, PERL_CORE, PERLMAINCC, PERL_ARCHLIB, PERL_LIB,
15331 PERL_MALLOC_OK, PERLPREFIX, PERLRUN, PERLRUNINST, PERL_SRC, PERM_RW,
15332 PERM_RWX, PL_FILES, PM, PMLIBDIRS, PM_FILTER, POLLUTE, PPM_INSTALL_EXEC,
15333 PPM_INSTALL_SCRIPT, PREFIX, PREREQ_FATAL, PREREQ_PM, PREREQ_PRINT,
15334 PRINT_PREREQ, SITEPREFIX, SIGN, SKIP, TYPEMAPS, VENDORPREFIX, VERBINST,
15335 VERSION, VERSION_FROM, VERSION_SYM, XS, XSOPT, XSPROTOARG, XS_VERSION
15337 =item Additional lowercase attributes
15339 clean, depend, dist, dynamic_lib, linkext, macro, postamble, realclean,
15340 test, tool_autosplit
15342 =item Overriding MakeMaker Methods
15344 =item The End Of Cargo Cult Programming
15346 C<< MAN3PODS => ' ' >>
15348 =item Hintsfile support
15350 =item Distribution Support
15352 make distcheck, make skipcheck, make distclean, make manifest,
15353 make distdir, make disttest, make tardist, make dist, make
15354 uutardist, make shdist, make zipdist, make ci
15356 =item Module Meta-Data
15358 =item Disabling an extension
15360 =item Other Handy Functions
15368 PERL_MM_OPT, PERL_MM_USE_DEFAULT, PERL_CORE
15378 =head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Config - Wrapper around Config.pm
15388 =head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::FAQ - Frequently Asked Questions About
15397 =item Module Installation
15399 How do I keep from installing man pages?, How do I use a module without
15402 =item Philosophy and History
15404 Why not just use <insert other build config tool here>?, What is
15405 Module::Build and how does it relate to MakeMaker?, pure perl. no make, no
15406 shell commands, easier to customize, cleaner internals, less cruft
15408 =item Module Writing
15410 How do I keep my $VERSION up to date without resetting it manually?, What's
15411 this F<META.yml> thing and how did it get in my F<MANIFEST>?!
15415 How to I prevent "object version X.XX does not match bootstrap parameter
15416 Y.YY" errors?, How do I make two or more XS files coexist in the same
15429 =head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Tutorial - Writing a module with MakeMaker
15443 Makefile.PL, MANIFEST, lib/, t/, Changes, README, INSTALL, MANIFEST.SKIP,
15452 =head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::bytes - Version-agnostic bytes.pm
15462 =head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::vmsish - Platform-agnostic vmsish.pm
15472 =head2 ExtUtils::Manifest - utilities to write and check a MANIFEST file
15510 =item MANIFEST.SKIP
15514 =item GLOBAL VARIABLES
15522 C<Not in MANIFEST:> I<file>, C<Skipping> I<file>, C<No such file:> I<file>,
15523 C<MANIFEST:> I<$!>, C<Added to MANIFEST:> I<file>
15527 B<PERL_MM_MANIFEST_DEBUG>
15535 =head2 ExtUtils::Miniperl, writemain - write the C code for perlmain.c
15547 =head2 ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap - make a bootstrap file for use by DynaLoader
15557 =head2 ExtUtils::Mksymlists - write linker options files for dynamic
15566 DLBASE, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, FILE, FUNCLIST, IMPORTS, NAME
15574 =head2 ExtUtils::Packlist - manage .packlist files
15586 new(), read(), write(), validate(), packlist_file()
15594 =head2 ExtUtils::ParseXS - converts Perl XS code into C code
15604 process_xs(), B<C++>, B<hiertype>, B<except>, B<typemap>, B<prototypes>,
15605 B<versioncheck>, B<linenumbers>, B<optimize>, B<inout>, B<argtypes>, B<s>,
15616 =head2 ExtUtils::testlib - add blib/* directories to @INC
15626 =head2 Fatal - replace functions with equivalents which succeed or die
15638 =head2 Fcntl - load the C Fcntl.h defines
15648 =item EXPORTED SYMBOLS
15652 =head2 File::Basename, fileparse - split a pathname into pieces
15660 fileparse_set_fstype, fileparse
15664 C<basename>, C<dirname>
15668 =head2 File::CheckTree, validate - run many filetest checks on a tree
15682 =head2 File::Compare - Compare files or filehandles
15696 =head2 File::Copy - Copy files or filehandles
15706 =item Special behaviour if C<syscopy> is defined (OS/2, VMS and Win32)
15708 rmscopy($from,$to[,$date_flag])
15720 =head2 File::DosGlob - DOS like globbing and then some
15730 =item EXPORTS (by request only)
15742 =head2 File::Find - Traverse a directory tree.
15750 B<find>, B<finddepth>
15756 C<wanted>, C<bydepth>, C<preprocess>, C<postprocess>, C<follow>,
15757 C<follow_fast>, C<follow_skip>, C<dangling_symlinks>, C<no_chdir>,
15758 C<untaint>, C<untaint_pattern>, C<untaint_skip>
15760 =item The wanted function
15762 C<$File::Find::dir> is the current directory name,, C<$_> is the current
15763 filename within that directory, C<$File::Find::name> is the complete
15764 pathname to the file
15772 $dont_use_nlink, symlinks
15776 =item BUGS AND CAVEATS
15782 =head2 File::Glob - Perl extension for BSD glob routine
15792 =item META CHARACTERS
15796 C<GLOB_ERR>, C<GLOB_LIMIT>, C<GLOB_MARK>, C<GLOB_NOCASE>, C<GLOB_NOCHECK>,
15797 C<GLOB_NOSORT>, C<GLOB_BRACE>, C<GLOB_NOMAGIC>, C<GLOB_QUOTE>,
15798 C<GLOB_TILDE>, C<GLOB_CSH>, C<GLOB_ALPHASORT>
15804 C<GLOB_NOSPACE>, C<GLOB_ABEND>
15814 =head2 File::Path - create or remove directory trees
15828 =head2 File::Spec - portably perform operations on file names
15838 canonpath, catdir, catfile, curdir, devnull, rootdir, tmpdir, updir,
15839 no_upwards, case_tolerant, file_name_is_absolute, path, join, splitpath,
15840 splitdir, catpath(), abs2rel, rel2abs()
15850 =head2 File::Spec::Cygwin - methods for Cygwin file specs
15862 file_name_is_absolute
15872 =head2 File::Spec::Epoc - methods for Epoc file specs
15894 =head2 File::Spec::Functions - portably perform operations on file names
15914 =head2 File::Spec::Mac - File::Spec for Mac OS (Classic)
15942 file_name_is_absolute
15966 =head2 File::Spec::OS2 - methods for OS/2 file specs
15980 =head2 File::Spec::Unix - File::Spec for Unix, base for other File::Spec
16013 file_name_is_absolute
16037 =head2 File::Spec::VMS - methods for VMS file specs
16053 =item Methods always loaded
16055 canonpath (override)
16073 case_tolerant (override)
16077 file_name_is_absolute (override)
16079 splitpath (override)
16081 splitdir (override)
16097 =head2 File::Spec::Win32 - methods for Win32 file specs
16123 =item Note For File::Spec::Win32 Maintainers
16135 =head2 File::Temp - return name and handle of a temporary file safely
16149 =item OBJECT-ORIENTED INTERFACE
16157 B<unlink_on_destroy>
16173 =item MKTEMP FUNCTIONS
16187 =item POSIX FUNCTIONS
16197 =item ADDITIONAL FUNCTIONS
16205 =item UTILITY FUNCTIONS
16219 =item PACKAGE VARIABLES
16221 B<safe_level>, STANDARD, MEDIUM, HIGH
16227 B<$KEEP_ALL>, B<$DEBUG>
16235 =item Temporary files and NFS
16251 =head2 File::stat - by-name interface to Perl's built-in stat() functions
16267 =head2 FileCache - keep more files open than the system permits
16275 cacheout EXPR, cacheout MODE, EXPR
16283 =head2 FileHandle - supply object methods for filehandles
16291 $fh->print, $fh->printf, $fh->getline, $fh->getlines
16297 =head2 Filter::Simple - Simplified source filtering
16311 =item Disabling or changing <no> behaviour
16313 =item All-in-one interface
16315 =item Filtering only specific components of source code
16317 C<"code">, C<"code_no_comments">, C<"executable">,
16318 C<"executable_no_comments">, C<"quotelike">, C<"string">, C<"regex">,
16321 =item Filtering only the code parts of source code
16323 Most source code ceases to be grammatically correct when it is broken up
16324 into the pieces between string literals and regexes. So the C<'code'>
16325 and C<'code_no_comments'> component filter behave slightly differently
16326 from the other partial filters described in the previous section.
16328 =item Using Filter::Simple with an explicit C<import> subroutine
16330 =item Using Filter::Simple and Exporter together
16342 =head2 Filter::Util::Call - Perl Source Filter Utility Module
16352 =item B<use Filter::Util::Call>
16356 =item B<filter() and anonymous sub>
16358 B<$_>, B<$status>, B<filter_read> and B<filter_read_exact>, B<filter_del>
16366 =item Example 1: A simple filter.
16368 =item Example 2: Using the context
16370 =item Example 3: Using the context within the filter
16372 =item Example 4: Using filter_del
16376 =item Filter::Simple
16384 =head2 FindBin - Locate directory of original perl script
16392 =item EXPORTABLE VARIABLES
16404 =head2 GDBM_File - Perl5 access to the gdbm library.
16420 =head2 Getopt::Long - Extended processing of command line options
16428 =item Command Line Options, an Introduction
16430 =item Getting Started with Getopt::Long
16434 =item Simple options
16436 =item A little bit less simple options
16438 =item Mixing command line option with other arguments
16440 =item Options with values
16442 =item Options with multiple values
16444 =item Options with hash values
16446 =item User-defined subroutines to handle options
16448 =item Options with multiple names
16450 =item Case and abbreviations
16452 =item Summary of Option Specifications
16454 !, +, s, i, o, f, : I<type> [ I<desttype> ], : I<number> [ I<desttype> ], :
16459 =item Advanced Possibilities
16463 =item Object oriented interface
16465 =item Thread Safety
16467 =item Documentation and help texts
16469 =item Storing options in a hash
16473 =item The lonesome dash
16475 =item Argument callback
16479 =item Configuring Getopt::Long
16481 default, posix_default, auto_abbrev, getopt_compat, gnu_compat, gnu_getopt,
16482 require_order, permute, bundling (default: disabled), bundling_override
16483 (default: disabled), ignore_case (default: enabled), ignore_case_always
16484 (default: disabled), auto_version (default:disabled), auto_help
16485 (default:disabled), pass_through (default: disabled), prefix,
16486 prefix_pattern, debug (default: disabled)
16488 =item Exportable Methods
16490 VersionMessage, C<-message>, C<-msg>, C<-exitval>, C<-output>, HelpMessage
16492 =item Return values and Errors
16498 =item Default destinations
16500 =item Alternative option starters
16502 =item Configuration variables
16506 =item Trouble Shooting
16510 =item GetOptions does not return a false result when an option is not
16513 =item GetOptions does not split the command line correctly
16515 =item Undefined subroutine &main::GetOptions called
16517 =item How do I put a "-?" option into a Getopt::Long?
16523 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER
16527 =head2 Getopt::Std, getopt, getopts - Process single-character switches
16528 with switch clustering
16536 =item C<--help> and C<--version>
16540 =head2 Hash::Util - A selection of general-utility hash subroutines
16550 =item Restricted hashes
16552 lock_keys, unlock_keys
16558 lock_value, unlock_value
16560 B<lock_hash>, B<unlock_hash>
16574 =head2 I18N::Collate - compare 8-bit scalar data according to the current
16585 =head2 I18N::LangTags - functions for dealing with RFC3066-style language
16596 the function is_language_tag($lang1)
16598 the function extract_language_tags($whatever)
16600 the function same_language_tag($lang1, $lang2)
16602 the function similarity_language_tag($lang1, $lang2)
16604 the function is_dialect_of($lang1, $lang2)
16606 the function super_languages($lang1)
16608 the function locale2language_tag($locale_identifier)
16610 the function encode_language_tag($lang1)
16612 the function alternate_language_tags($lang1)
16614 the function @langs = panic_languages(@accept_languages)
16616 the function implicate_supers( ...languages... ), the function
16617 implicate_supers_strictly( ...languages... )
16621 =item ABOUT LOWERCASING
16623 =item ABOUT UNICODE PLAINTEXT LANGUAGE TAGS
16633 =head2 I18N::LangTags::Detect - detect the user's language preferences
16653 =head2 I18N::LangTags::List -- tags and names for human languages
16661 =item ABOUT LANGUAGE TAGS
16663 =item LIST OF LANGUAGES
16665 {ab} : Abkhazian, {ace} : Achinese, {ach} : Acoli, {ada} : Adangme, {ady} :
16666 Adyghe, {aa} : Afar, {afh} : Afrihili, {af} : Afrikaans, [{afa} :
16667 Afro-Asiatic (Other)], {ak} : Akan, {akk} : Akkadian, {sq} : Albanian,
16668 {ale} : Aleut, [{alg} : Algonquian languages], [{tut} : Altaic (Other)],
16669 {am} : Amharic, {i-ami} : Ami, [{apa} : Apache languages], {ar} : Arabic,
16670 {arc} : Aramaic, {arp} : Arapaho, {arn} : Araucanian, {arw} : Arawak, {hy}
16671 : Armenian, {an} : Aragonese, [{art} : Artificial (Other)], {ast} :
16672 Asturian, {as} : Assamese, [{ath} : Athapascan languages], [{aus} :
16673 Australian languages], [{map} : Austronesian (Other)], {av} : Avaric, {ae}
16674 : Avestan, {awa} : Awadhi, {ay} : Aymara, {az} : Azerbaijani, {ban} :
16675 Balinese, [{bat} : Baltic (Other)], {bal} : Baluchi, {bm} : Bambara, [{bai}
16676 : Bamileke languages], {bad} : Banda, [{bnt} : Bantu (Other)], {bas} :
16677 Basa, {ba} : Bashkir, {eu} : Basque, {btk} : Batak (Indonesia), {bej} :
16678 Beja, {be} : Belarusian, {bem} : Bemba, {bn} : Bengali, [{ber} : Berber
16679 (Other)], {bho} : Bhojpuri, {bh} : Bihari, {bik} : Bikol, {bin} : Bini,
16680 {bi} : Bislama, {bs} : Bosnian, {bra} : Braj, {br} : Breton, {bug} :
16681 Buginese, {bg} : Bulgarian, {i-bnn} : Bunun, {bua} : Buriat, {my} :
16682 Burmese, {cad} : Caddo, {car} : Carib, {ca} : Catalan, [{cau} : Caucasian
16683 (Other)], {ceb} : Cebuano, [{cel} : Celtic (Other)], [{cai} : Central
16684 American Indian (Other)], {chg} : Chagatai, [{cmc} : Chamic languages],
16685 {ch} : Chamorro, {ce} : Chechen, {chr} : Cherokee, {chy} : Cheyenne, {chb}
16686 : Chibcha, {ny} : Chichewa, {zh} : Chinese, {chn} : Chinook Jargon, {chp} :
16687 Chipewyan, {cho} : Choctaw, {cu} : Church Slavic, {chk} : Chuukese, {cv} :
16688 Chuvash, {cop} : Coptic, {kw} : Cornish, {co} : Corsican, {cr} : Cree,
16689 {mus} : Creek, [{cpe} : English-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{cpf}
16690 : French-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{cpp} : Portuguese-based
16691 Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{crp} : Creoles and pidgins (Other)], {hr} :
16692 Croatian, [{cus} : Cushitic (Other)], {cs} : Czech, {dak} : Dakota, {da} :
16693 Danish, {dar} : Dargwa, {day} : Dayak, {i-default} : Default (Fallthru)
16694 Language, {del} : Delaware, {din} : Dinka, {dv} : Divehi, {doi} : Dogri,
16695 {dgr} : Dogrib, [{dra} : Dravidian (Other)], {dua} : Duala, {nl} : Dutch,
16696 {dum} : Middle Dutch (ca.1050-1350), {dyu} : Dyula, {dz} : Dzongkha, {efi}
16697 : Efik, {egy} : Ancient Egyptian, {eka} : Ekajuk, {elx} : Elamite, {en} :
16698 English, {enm} : Old English (1100-1500), {ang} : Old English
16699 (ca.450-1100), {i-enochian} : Enochian (Artificial), {myv} : Erzya, {eo} :
16700 Esperanto, {et} : Estonian, {ee} : Ewe, {ewo} : Ewondo, {fan} : Fang, {fat}
16701 : Fanti, {fo} : Faroese, {fj} : Fijian, {fi} : Finnish, [{fiu} :
16702 Finno-Ugrian (Other)], {fon} : Fon, {fr} : French, {frm} : Middle French
16703 (ca.1400-1600), {fro} : Old French (842-ca.1400), {fy} : Frisian, {fur} :
16704 Friulian, {ff} : Fulah, {gaa} : Ga, {gd} : Scots Gaelic, {gl} : Gallegan,
16705 {lg} : Ganda, {gay} : Gayo, {gba} : Gbaya, {gez} : Geez, {ka} : Georgian,
16706 {de} : German, {gmh} : Middle High German (ca.1050-1500), {goh} : Old High
16707 German (ca.750-1050), [{gem} : Germanic (Other)], {gil} : Gilbertese, {gon}
16708 : Gondi, {gor} : Gorontalo, {got} : Gothic, {grb} : Grebo, {grc} : Ancient
16709 Greek, {el} : Modern Greek, {gn} : Guarani, {gu} : Gujarati, {gwi} :
16710 Gwich'in, {hai} : Haida, {ht} : Haitian, {ha} : Hausa, {haw} : Hawaiian,
16711 {he} : Hebrew, {hz} : Herero, {hil} : Hiligaynon, {him} : Himachali, {hi} :
16712 Hindi, {ho} : Hiri Motu, {hit} : Hittite, {hmn} : Hmong, {hu} : Hungarian,
16713 {hup} : Hupa, {iba} : Iban, {is} : Icelandic, {io} : Ido, {ig} : Igbo,
16714 {ijo} : Ijo, {ilo} : Iloko, [{inc} : Indic (Other)], [{ine} : Indo-European
16715 (Other)], {id} : Indonesian, {inh} : Ingush, {ia} : Interlingua
16716 (International Auxiliary Language Association), {ie} : Interlingue, {iu} :
16717 Inuktitut, {ik} : Inupiaq, [{ira} : Iranian (Other)], {ga} : Irish, {mga} :
16718 Middle Irish (900-1200), {sga} : Old Irish (to 900), [{iro} : Iroquoian
16719 languages], {it} : Italian, {ja} : Japanese, {jv} : Javanese, {jrb} :
16720 Judeo-Arabic, {jpr} : Judeo-Persian, {kbd} : Kabardian, {kab} : Kabyle,
16721 {kac} : Kachin, {kl} : Kalaallisut, {xal} : Kalmyk, {kam} : Kamba, {kn} :
16722 Kannada, {kr} : Kanuri, {krc} : Karachay-Balkar, {kaa} : Kara-Kalpak, {kar}
16723 : Karen, {ks} : Kashmiri, {csb} : Kashubian, {kaw} : Kawi, {kk} : Kazakh,
16724 {kha} : Khasi, {km} : Khmer, [{khi} : Khoisan (Other)], {kho} : Khotanese,
16725 {ki} : Kikuyu, {kmb} : Kimbundu, {rw} : Kinyarwanda, {ky} : Kirghiz,
16726 {i-klingon} : Klingon, {kv} : Komi, {kg} : Kongo, {kok} : Konkani, {ko} :
16727 Korean, {kos} : Kosraean, {kpe} : Kpelle, {kro} : Kru, {kj} : Kuanyama,
16728 {kum} : Kumyk, {ku} : Kurdish, {kru} : Kurukh, {kut} : Kutenai, {lad} :
16729 Ladino, {lah} : Lahnda, {lam} : Lamba, {lo} : Lao, {la} : Latin, {lv} :
16730 Latvian, {lb} : Letzeburgesch, {lez} : Lezghian, {li} : Limburgish, {ln} :
16731 Lingala, {lt} : Lithuanian, {nds} : Low German, {art-lojban} : Lojban
16732 (Artificial), {loz} : Lozi, {lu} : Luba-Katanga, {lua} : Luba-Lulua, {lui}
16733 : Luiseno, {lun} : Lunda, {luo} : Luo (Kenya and Tanzania), {lus} : Lushai,
16734 {mk} : Macedonian, {mad} : Madurese, {mag} : Magahi, {mai} : Maithili,
16735 {mak} : Makasar, {mg} : Malagasy, {ms} : Malay, {ml} : Malayalam, {mt} :
16736 Maltese, {mnc} : Manchu, {mdr} : Mandar, {man} : Mandingo, {mni} :
16737 Manipuri, [{mno} : Manobo languages], {gv} : Manx, {mi} : Maori, {mr} :
16738 Marathi, {chm} : Mari, {mh} : Marshall, {mwr} : Marwari, {mas} : Masai,
16739 [{myn} : Mayan languages], {men} : Mende, {mic} : Micmac, {min} :
16740 Minangkabau, {i-mingo} : Mingo, [{mis} : Miscellaneous languages], {moh} :
16741 Mohawk, {mdf} : Moksha, {mo} : Moldavian, [{mkh} : Mon-Khmer (Other)],
16742 {lol} : Mongo, {mn} : Mongolian, {mos} : Mossi, [{mul} : Multiple
16743 languages], [{mun} : Munda languages], {nah} : Nahuatl, {nap} : Neapolitan,
16744 {na} : Nauru, {nv} : Navajo, {nd} : North Ndebele, {nr} : South Ndebele,
16745 {ng} : Ndonga, {ne} : Nepali, {new} : Newari, {nia} : Nias, [{nic} :
16746 Niger-Kordofanian (Other)], [{ssa} : Nilo-Saharan (Other)], {niu} : Niuean,
16747 {nog} : Nogai, {non} : Old Norse, [{nai} : North American Indian], {no} :
16748 Norwegian, {nb} : Norwegian Bokmal, {nn} : Norwegian Nynorsk, [{nub} :
16749 Nubian languages], {nym} : Nyamwezi, {nyn} : Nyankole, {nyo} : Nyoro, {nzi}
16750 : Nzima, {oc} : Occitan (post 1500), {oj} : Ojibwa, {or} : Oriya, {om} :
16751 Oromo, {osa} : Osage, {os} : Ossetian; Ossetic, [{oto} : Otomian
16752 languages], {pal} : Pahlavi, {i-pwn} : Paiwan, {pau} : Palauan, {pi} :
16753 Pali, {pam} : Pampanga, {pag} : Pangasinan, {pa} : Panjabi, {pap} :
16754 Papiamento, [{paa} : Papuan (Other)], {fa} : Persian, {peo} : Old Persian
16755 (ca.600-400 B.C.), [{phi} : Philippine (Other)], {phn} : Phoenician, {pon}
16756 : Pohnpeian, {pl} : Polish, {pt} : Portuguese, [{pra} : Prakrit languages],
16757 {pro} : Old Provencal (to 1500), {ps} : Pushto, {qu} : Quechua, {rm} :
16758 Raeto-Romance, {raj} : Rajasthani, {rap} : Rapanui, {rar} : Rarotongan,
16759 [{qaa - qtz} : Reserved for local use.], [{roa} : Romance (Other)], {ro} :
16760 Romanian, {rom} : Romany, {rn} : Rundi, {ru} : Russian, [{sal} : Salishan
16761 languages], {sam} : Samaritan Aramaic, {se} : Northern Sami, {sma} :
16762 Southern Sami, {smn} : Inari Sami, {smj} : Lule Sami, {sms} : Skolt Sami,
16763 [{smi} : Sami languages (Other)], {sm} : Samoan, {sad} : Sandawe, {sg} :
16764 Sango, {sa} : Sanskrit, {sat} : Santali, {sc} : Sardinian, {sas} : Sasak,
16765 {sco} : Scots, {sel} : Selkup, [{sem} : Semitic (Other)], {sr} : Serbian,
16766 {srr} : Serer, {shn} : Shan, {sn} : Shona, {sid} : Sidamo, {sgn-...} : Sign
16767 Languages, {bla} : Siksika, {sd} : Sindhi, {si} : Sinhalese, [{sit} :
16768 Sino-Tibetan (Other)], [{sio} : Siouan languages], {den} : Slave
16769 (Athapascan), [{sla} : Slavic (Other)], {sk} : Slovak, {sl} : Slovenian,
16770 {sog} : Sogdian, {so} : Somali, {son} : Songhai, {snk} : Soninke, {wen} :
16771 Sorbian languages, {nso} : Northern Sotho, {st} : Southern Sotho, [{sai} :
16772 South American Indian (Other)], {es} : Spanish, {suk} : Sukuma, {sux} :
16773 Sumerian, {su} : Sundanese, {sus} : Susu, {sw} : Swahili, {ss} : Swati,
16774 {sv} : Swedish, {syr} : Syriac, {tl} : Tagalog, {ty} : Tahitian, [{tai} :
16775 Tai (Other)], {tg} : Tajik, {tmh} : Tamashek, {ta} : Tamil, {i-tao} : Tao,
16776 {tt} : Tatar, {i-tay} : Tayal, {te} : Telugu, {ter} : Tereno, {tet} :
16777 Tetum, {th} : Thai, {bo} : Tibetan, {tig} : Tigre, {ti} : Tigrinya, {tem} :
16778 Timne, {tiv} : Tiv, {tli} : Tlingit, {tpi} : Tok Pisin, {tkl} : Tokelau,
16779 {tog} : Tonga (Nyasa), {to} : Tonga (Tonga Islands), {tsi} : Tsimshian,
16780 {ts} : Tsonga, {i-tsu} : Tsou, {tn} : Tswana, {tum} : Tumbuka, [{tup} :
16781 Tupi languages], {tr} : Turkish, {ota} : Ottoman Turkish (1500-1928), {crh}
16782 : Crimean Turkish, {tk} : Turkmen, {tvl} : Tuvalu, {tyv} : Tuvinian, {tw} :
16783 Twi, {udm} : Udmurt, {uga} : Ugaritic, {ug} : Uighur, {uk} : Ukrainian,
16784 {umb} : Umbundu, {und} : Undetermined, {ur} : Urdu, {uz} : Uzbek, {vai} :
16785 Vai, {ve} : Venda, {vi} : Vietnamese, {vo} : Volapuk, {vot} : Votic, [{wak}
16786 : Wakashan languages], {wa} : Walloon, {wal} : Walamo, {war} : Waray, {was}
16787 : Washo, {cy} : Welsh, {wo} : Wolof, {x-...} : Unregistered (Semi-Private
16788 Use), {xh} : Xhosa, {sah} : Yakut, {yao} : Yao, {yap} : Yapese, {ii} :
16789 Sichuan Yi, {yi} : Yiddish, {yo} : Yoruba, [{ypk} : Yupik languages], {znd}
16790 : Zande, [{zap} : Zapotec], {zen} : Zenaga, {za} : Zhuang, {zu} : Zulu,
16795 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER
16801 =head2 I18N::Langinfo - query locale information
16819 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
16823 =head2 IO - load various IO modules
16835 =head2 IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory handles
16843 new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (),
16844 rewind (), close (), tie %hash, 'IO::Dir', DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ]
16854 =head2 IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles
16864 new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile
16868 open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), open( FILENAME, IOLAYERS ), binmode(
16879 =head2 IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O handles
16889 new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE )
16893 $io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines,
16894 $io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ), $io->error,
16895 $io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush ( ARGS ),
16896 $io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint
16908 =head2 IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes
16918 new ( [READER, WRITER] )
16922 reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles ()
16932 =head2 IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call
16942 mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ), remove (
16943 IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] )
16953 =head2 IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for I/O objects
16961 $io->getpos, $io->setpos, $io->seek ( POS, WHENCE ), WHENCE=0 (SEEK_SET),
16962 WHENCE=1 (SEEK_CUR), WHENCE=2 (SEEK_END), $io->sysseek( POS, WHENCE ),
16971 =head2 IO::Select - OO interface to the select system call
16981 new ( [ HANDLES ] )
16985 add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read (
16986 [ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ),
16987 count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, EXCEPTION [, TIMEOUT ] )
16997 =head2 IO::Socket - Object interface to socket communications
17011 accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), atmark, connected,
17012 protocol, sockdomain, sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), socktype, timeout([VAL])
17022 =head2 IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for AF_INET domain sockets
17038 sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost
17051 =head2 IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for AF_UNIX domain sockets
17065 hostpath(), peerpath()
17075 =head2 IO::Zlib - IO:: style interface to L<Compress::Zlib>
17087 =item OBJECT METHODS
17089 open ( FILENAME, MODE ), opened, close, getc, getline, getlines, print (
17090 ARGS... ), read ( BUF, NBYTES, [OFFSET] ), eof, seek ( OFFSET, WHENCE ),
17091 tell, setpos ( POS ), getpos ( POS )
17093 =item USING THE EXTERNAL GZIP
17095 =item CLASS METHODS
17097 has_Compress_Zlib, gzip_external, gzip_used, gzip_read_open,
17102 IO::Zlib::getlines: must be called in list context,
17103 IO::Zlib::gzopen_external: mode '...' is illegal, IO::Zlib::import: '...'
17104 is illegal, IO::Zlib::import: ':gzip_external' requires an argument,
17105 IO::Zlib::import: 'gzip_read_open' requires an argument, IO::Zlib::import:
17106 'gzip_read' '...' is illegal, IO::Zlib::import: 'gzip_write_open' requires
17107 an argument, IO::Zlib::import: 'gzip_write_open' '...' is illegal,
17108 IO::Zlib::import: no Compress::Zlib and no external gzip, IO::Zlib::open:
17109 needs a filename, IO::Zlib::READ: NBYTES must be specified, IO::Zlib::READ:
17110 OFFSET is not supported, IO::Zlib::WRITE: too long LENGTH, IO::Zlib::WRITE:
17111 OFFSET is not supported
17121 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Dir, IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory
17130 new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (),
17131 rewind (), close (), tie %hash, 'IO::Dir', DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ]
17141 =head2 IO::lib::IO::File, IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles
17151 new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile
17155 open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), open( FILENAME, IOLAYERS ), binmode(
17166 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Handle, IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O
17177 new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE )
17181 $io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines,
17182 $io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ), $io->error,
17183 $io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush ( ARGS ),
17184 $io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint
17196 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Pipe, IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes
17206 new ( [READER, WRITER] )
17210 reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles ()
17220 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Poll, IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call
17230 mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ), remove (
17231 IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] )
17241 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Seekable, IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for
17250 $io->getpos, $io->setpos, $io->seek ( POS, WHENCE ), WHENCE=0 (SEEK_SET),
17251 WHENCE=1 (SEEK_CUR), WHENCE=2 (SEEK_END), $io->sysseek( POS, WHENCE ),
17260 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Select, IO::Select - OO interface to the select system
17271 new ( [ HANDLES ] )
17275 add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read (
17276 [ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ),
17277 count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, EXCEPTION [, TIMEOUT ] )
17287 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket, IO::Socket - Object interface to socket
17302 accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), atmark, connected,
17303 protocol, sockdomain, sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), socktype, timeout([VAL])
17313 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket::INET, IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for
17314 AF_INET domain sockets
17330 sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost
17343 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket::UNIX, IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for
17344 AF_UNIX domain sockets
17358 hostpath(), peerpath()
17368 =head2 IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class
17378 new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set
17379 ( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [,
17390 =head2 IPC::Open2, open2 - open a process for both reading and writing
17404 =head2 IPC::Open3, open3 - open a process for reading, writing, and error
17417 =head2 IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object class
17427 new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ),
17428 getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ),
17429 set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N
17440 =head2 IPC::SysV - SysV IPC constants
17458 =head2 IPC::SysV::Msg, IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class
17468 new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set
17469 ( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [,
17480 =head2 IPC::SysV::Semaphore, IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object
17491 new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ),
17492 getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ),
17493 set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N
17504 =head2 List::Util - A selection of general-utility list subroutines
17512 first BLOCK LIST, max LIST, maxstr LIST, min LIST, minstr LIST, reduce
17513 BLOCK LIST, shuffle LIST, sum LIST
17517 =item SUGGESTED ADDITIONS
17523 =head2 List::Utilib::List::Util, List::Util - A selection of
17524 general-utility list subroutines
17532 first BLOCK LIST, max LIST, maxstr LIST, min LIST, minstr LIST, reduce
17533 BLOCK LIST, shuffle LIST, sum LIST
17537 =item SUGGESTED ADDITIONS
17543 =head2 List::Utilib::Scalar::Util, Scalar::Util - A selection of
17544 general-utility scalar subroutines
17552 blessed EXPR, dualvar NUM, STRING, isvstring EXPR, isweak EXPR,
17553 looks_like_number EXPR, openhandle FH, refaddr EXPR, reftype EXPR,
17554 set_prototype CODEREF, PROTOTYPE, tainted EXPR, weaken REF
17564 =head2 Locale::Constants - constants for Locale codes
17572 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
17576 Locale::Language, Locale::Country, Locale::Script, Locale::Currency
17584 =head2 Locale::Country - ISO codes for country identification (ISO 3166)
17592 B<alpha-2>, B<alpha-3>, B<numeric>
17594 =item CONVERSION ROUTINES
17596 code2country( CODE, [ CODESET ] ), country2code( STRING, [ CODESET ] ),
17597 country_code2code( CODE, CODESET, CODESET )
17599 =item QUERY ROUTINES
17601 C<all_country_codes( [ CODESET ] )>, C<all_country_names( [ CODESET ] )>
17603 =item SEMI-PRIVATE ROUTINES
17609 =item rename_country
17617 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
17621 Locale::Language, Locale::Script, Locale::Currency, Locale::SubCountry, ISO
17622 3166-1, http://www.iso.org/iso/en/prods-services/iso3166ma/index.html,
17623 http://www.egt.ie/standards/iso3166/iso3166-1-en.html,
17624 http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/docs/app-d-1.html
17632 =head2 Locale::Currency - ISO three letter codes for currency
17633 identification (ISO 4217)
17643 =item CONVERSION ROUTINES
17645 code2currency(), currency2code()
17647 =item QUERY ROUTINES
17649 C<all_currency_codes()>, C<all_currency_names()>
17653 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
17657 Locale::Country, Locale::Script, ISO 4217:1995,
17658 http://www.bsi-global.com/iso4217currency
17666 =head2 Locale::Language - ISO two letter codes for language identification
17675 =item CONVERSION ROUTINES
17677 code2language(), language2code()
17679 =item QUERY ROUTINES
17681 C<all_language_codes()>, C<all_language_names()>
17685 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
17689 Locale::Country, Locale::Script, Locale::Currency, ISO 639:1988 (E/F),
17690 http://lcweb.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/langhome.html
17698 =head2 Locale::Maketext - framework for localization
17706 =item QUICK OVERVIEW
17712 =item Construction Methods
17714 =item The "maketext" Method
17716 $lh->fail_with I<or> $lh->fail_with(I<PARAM>), $lh->failure_handler_auto
17718 =item Utility Methods
17720 $language->quant($number, $singular), $language->quant($number, $singular,
17721 $plural), $language->quant($number, $singular, $plural, $negative),
17722 $language->numf($number), $language->sprintf($format, @items),
17723 $language->language_tag(), $language->encoding()
17725 =item Language Handle Attributes and Internals
17729 =item LANGUAGE CLASS HIERARCHIES
17731 =item ENTRIES IN EACH LEXICON
17733 =item BRACKET NOTATION
17735 =item AUTO LEXICONS
17737 =item CONTROLLING LOOKUP FAILURE
17739 =item HOW TO USE MAKETEXT
17743 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER
17749 =head2 Locale::Maketext::TPJ13 -- article about software localization
17757 =item Localization and Perl: gettext breaks, Maketext fixes
17761 =item A Localization Horror Story: It Could Happen To You
17763 =item The Linguistic View
17765 =item Breaking gettext
17767 =item Replacing gettext
17769 =item Buzzwords: Abstraction and Encapsulation
17771 =item Buzzword: Isomorphism
17773 =item Buzzword: Inheritance
17775 =item Buzzword: Concision
17777 =item The Devil in the Details
17779 =item The Proof in the Pudding: Localizing Web Sites
17787 =head2 Locale::Script - ISO codes for script identification (ISO 15924)
17795 B<alpha-2>, B<alpha-3>, B<numeric>
17799 =item SPECIAL CODES
17803 =item CONVERSION ROUTINES
17805 code2script( CODE, [ CODESET ] ), script2code( STRING, [ CODESET ] ),
17806 script_code2code( CODE, CODESET, CODESET )
17808 =item QUERY ROUTINES
17810 C<all_script_codes ( [ CODESET ] )>, C<all_script_names ( [ CODESET ] )>
17814 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
17818 Locale::Language, Locale::Currency, Locale::Country, ISO 15924,
17819 http://www.evertype.com/standards/iso15924/
17827 =head2 MIME::Base64 - Encoding and decoding of base64 strings
17835 encode_base64($str), encode_base64($str, $eol);, decode_base64($str)
17839 Premature end of base64 data, Premature padding of base64 data
17849 =head2 MIME::Base64::QuotedPrint, MIME::QuotedPrint - Encoding and decoding
17850 of quoted-printable strings
17858 encode_qp($str), encode_qp($str, $eol), encode_qp($str, $eol, $binmode),
17867 =head2 MIME::QuotedPrint - Encoding and decoding of quoted-printable
17876 encode_qp($str), encode_qp($str, $eol), encode_qp($str, $eol, $binmode),
17885 =head2 Math::BigFloat - Arbitrary size floating point math package
17895 =item Canonical notation
17899 =item C<mantissa()>, C<exponent()> and C<parts()>
17901 =item Accuracy vs. Precision
17905 ffround ( +$scale ), ffround ( -$scale ), ffround ( 0 ), fround ( +$scale
17906 ), fround ( -$scale ) and fround ( 0 )
17920 =item Autocreating constants
17926 =item Using Math::BigInt::Lite
17934 stringify, bstr(), bdiv, Modifying and =, bpow, precision() vs. accuracy()
17944 =head2 Math::BigInt - Arbitrary size integer/float math package
17976 =item is_one()/is_zero()/is_nan()/is_inf()
17978 =item is_pos()/is_neg()
17980 $x->is_pos(); # true if > 0
17981 $x->is_neg(); # true if < 0
17983 =item is_odd()/is_even()/is_int()
18069 =item ACCURACY and PRECISION
18079 =item Rounding mode R
18081 'trunc', 'even', 'odd', '+inf', '-inf', 'zero', Precision, Accuracy
18082 (significant digits), Setting/Accessing, Creating numbers, Usage,
18083 Precedence, Overriding globals, Local settings, Rounding, Default values,
18088 =item Infinity and Not a Number
18090 oct()/hex(), log(-inf), exp(), cos(), sin(), atan2()
18100 =item mantissa(), exponent() and parts()
18108 =item Autocreating constants
18114 =item Alternative math libraries
18120 =item Subclassing Math::BigInt
18128 bsqrt(), div(), blog()
18134 broot() does not work, Out of Memory!, Fails to load Calc on Perl prior
18139 bstr(), bsstr() and 'cmp', int(), length, bdiv, infinity handling,
18140 Modifying and =, bpow, Overloading -$x, Mixing different object types,
18151 =head2 Math::BigInt::Calc - Pure Perl module to support Math::BigInt
18163 =item WRAP YOUR OWN
18167 This program is free software; you may redistribute it and/or modify it
18169 the same terms as Perl itself.
18177 =head2 Math::BigInt::CalcEmu - Emulate low-level math with BigInt code
18199 This program is free software; you may redistribute it and/or modify it
18201 the same terms as Perl itself.
18209 =head2 Math::BigInt::FastCalc - Math::BigInt::Calc with some XS for more
18224 This program is free software; you may redistribute it and/or modify it
18226 the same terms as Perl itself.
18234 =head2 Math::BigRat - Arbitrary big rational numbers
18256 =item denominator()
18258 $d = $x->denominator();
18272 =item bround()/round()/bfround()
18306 inf handling (partial), NaN handling (partial), rounding (not implemented
18307 except for bceil/bfloor), $x ** $y where $y is not an integer, bmod(),
18308 blog(), bmodinv() and bmodpow() (partial)
18318 =head2 Math::Complex - complex numbers and associated mathematical
18331 =item STRINGIFICATION
18335 =item CHANGED IN PERL 5.6
18341 =item ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO OR LOGARITHM OF ZERO
18343 =item ERRORS DUE TO INDIGESTIBLE ARGUMENTS
18351 =head2 Math::Trig - trigonometric functions
18359 =item TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS
18365 =item ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO
18367 =item SIMPLE (REAL) ARGUMENTS, COMPLEX RESULTS
18371 =item PLANE ANGLE CONVERSIONS
18373 =item RADIAL COORDINATE CONVERSIONS
18377 =item COORDINATE SYSTEMS
18379 =item 3-D ANGLE CONVERSIONS
18381 cartesian_to_cylindrical, cartesian_to_spherical, cylindrical_to_cartesian,
18382 cylindrical_to_spherical, spherical_to_cartesian, spherical_to_cylindrical
18386 =item GREAT CIRCLE DISTANCES AND DIRECTIONS
18392 =item CAVEAT FOR GREAT CIRCLE FORMULAS
18402 =head2 Memoize - Make functions faster by trading space for time
18420 =item C<SCALAR_CACHE>, C<LIST_CACHE>
18422 C<MEMORY>, C<HASH>, C<TIE>, C<FAULT>, C<MERGE>
18426 =item OTHER FACILITIES
18432 =item C<flush_cache>
18438 =item PERSISTENT CACHE SUPPORT
18440 =item EXPIRATION SUPPORT
18448 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
18454 =head2 Memoize::AnyDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for AnyDBM_File for
18463 =head2 Memoize::Expire - Plug-in module for automatic expiration of
18474 TIEHASH, EXISTS, STORE
18486 =head2 Memoize::ExpireFile - test for Memoize expiration semantics
18494 =head2 Memoize::ExpireTest - test for Memoize expiration semantics
18502 =head2 Memoize::NDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for NDBM_File for
18511 =head2 Memoize::SDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for SDBM_File for
18520 =head2 Memoize::Storable - store Memoized data in Storable database
18528 =head2 Module::CoreList - what modules shipped with versions of perl
18548 =head2 NDBM_File - Tied access to ndbm files
18556 C<O_RDONLY>, C<O_WRONLY>, C<O_RDWR>
18562 =item C<ndbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...>
18566 =item BUGS AND WARNINGS
18570 =head2 NEXT - Provide a pseudo-class NEXT (et al) that allows method
18581 =item Enforcing redispatch
18583 =item Avoiding repetitions
18585 =item Invoking all versions of a method with a single call
18587 =item Using C<EVERY> methods
18593 =item BUGS AND IRRITATIONS
18599 =head2 Net::Cmd - Network Command class (as used by FTP, SMTP etc)
18609 debug ( VALUE ), message (), code (), ok (), status (), datasend ( DATA ),
18612 =item CLASS METHODS
18614 debug_print ( DIR, TEXT ), debug_text ( TEXT ), command ( CMD [, ARGS, ...
18615 ]), unsupported (), response (), parse_response ( TEXT ), getline (),
18616 ungetline ( TEXT ), rawdatasend ( DATA ), read_until_dot (), tied_fh ()
18626 =head2 Net::Config - Local configuration data for libnet
18636 requires_firewall HOST
18638 =item NetConfig VALUES
18640 nntp_hosts, snpp_hosts, pop3_hosts, smtp_hosts, ph_hosts, daytime_hosts,
18641 time_hosts, inet_domain, ftp_firewall, ftp_firewall_type, ftp_ext_passive,
18642 ftp_int_pasive, local_netmask, test_hosts, test_exists
18646 =head2 Net::Domain - Attempt to evaluate the current host's internet name
18655 hostfqdn (), hostname (), hostdomain ()
18663 =head2 Net::FTP - FTP Client class
18675 new ([ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ])
18679 login ([LOGIN [,PASSWORD [, ACCOUNT] ] ]), authorize ( [AUTH [, RESP]]),
18680 site (ARGS), ascii, binary, rename ( OLDNAME, NEWNAME ), delete ( FILENAME
18681 ), cwd ( [ DIR ] ), cdup (), pwd (), restart ( WHERE ), rmdir ( DIR [,
18682 RECURSE ]), mkdir ( DIR [, RECURSE ]), alloc ( SIZE [, RECORD_SIZE] ), ls (
18683 [ DIR ] ), dir ( [ DIR ] ), get ( REMOTE_FILE [, LOCAL_FILE [, WHERE]] ),
18684 put ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] ), put_unique ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE
18685 ] ), append ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] ), unique_name (), mdtm ( FILE ),
18686 size ( FILE ), supported ( CMD ), hash ( [FILEHANDLE_GLOB_REF],[
18687 BYTES_PER_HASH_MARK] ), nlst ( [ DIR ] ), list ( [ DIR ] ), retr ( FILE ),
18688 stor ( FILE ), stou ( FILE ), appe ( FILE ), port ( [ PORT ] ), pasv (),
18689 pasv_xfer ( SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER [, DEST_FILE ] ), pasv_xfer_unique (
18690 SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER [, DEST_FILE ] ), pasv_wait ( NON_PASV_SERVER ),
18695 =item Methods for the adventurous
18701 =item THE dataconn CLASS
18703 read ( BUFFER, SIZE [, TIMEOUT ] ), write ( BUFFER, SIZE [, TIMEOUT ] ),
18704 bytes_read (), abort (), close ()
18706 =item UNIMPLEMENTED
18708 B<SMNT>, B<HELP>, B<MODE>, B<SYST>, B<STAT>, B<STRU>, B<REIN>
18710 =item REPORTING BUGS
18718 http://www.csh.rit.edu/~adam/Progs/
18726 =head2 Net::NNTP - NNTP Client class
18736 new ( [ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ])
18740 article ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), body ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), head (
18741 [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), articlefh ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), bodyfh ( [
18742 MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), headfh ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), nntpstat ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ]
18743 ), group ( [ GROUP ] ), ihave ( MSGID [, MESSAGE ]), last (), date (),
18744 postok (), authinfo ( USER, PASS ), list (), newgroups ( SINCE [,
18745 DISTRIBUTIONS ]), newnews ( SINCE [, GROUPS [, DISTRIBUTIONS ]]), next (),
18746 post ( [ MESSAGE ] ), postfh (), slave (), quit ()
18750 =item Extension methods
18752 newsgroups ( [ PATTERN ] ), distributions (), subscriptions (),
18753 overview_fmt (), active_times (), active ( [ PATTERN ] ), xgtitle ( PATTERN
18754 ), xhdr ( HEADER, MESSAGE-SPEC ), xover ( MESSAGE-SPEC ), xpath (
18755 MESSAGE-ID ), xpat ( HEADER, PATTERN, MESSAGE-SPEC), xrover, listgroup ( [
18764 MESSAGE-SPEC, PATTERN, Examples, C<[^]-]>, C<*bdc>, C<[0-9a-zA-Z]>, C<a??d>
18774 =head2 Net::POP3 - Post Office Protocol 3 Client class (RFC1939)
18784 new ( [ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ] 0
18788 auth ( USERNAME, PASSWORD ), user ( USER ), pass ( PASS ), login ( [ USER
18789 [, PASS ]] ), apop ( [ USER [, PASS ]] ), banner (), capa (), capabilities
18790 (), top ( MSGNUM [, NUMLINES ] ), list ( [ MSGNUM ] ), get ( MSGNUM [, FH ]
18791 ), getfh ( MSGNUM ), last (), popstat (), ping ( USER ), uidl ( [ MSGNUM ]
18792 ), delete ( MSGNUM ), reset (), quit ()
18804 =head2 Net::Ping - check a remote host for reachability
18816 Net::Ping->new([$proto [, $def_timeout [, $bytes [, $device [, $tos
18817 ]]]]]);, $p->ping($host [, $timeout]);, $p->source_verify( { 0 | 1 } );,
18818 $p->service_check( { 0 | 1 } );, $p->tcp_service_check( { 0 | 1 } );,
18819 $p->hires( { 0 | 1 } );, $p->bind($local_addr);, $p->open($host);, $p->ack(
18820 [ $host ] );, $p->nack( $failed_ack_host );, $p->close();, pingecho($host
18837 =head2 Net::SMTP - Simple Mail Transfer Protocol Client
18849 new ( [ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ] )
18853 banner (), domain (), hello ( DOMAIN ), host (), etrn ( DOMAIN ), auth (
18854 USERNAME, PASSWORD ), mail ( ADDRESS [, OPTIONS] ), send ( ADDRESS ),
18855 send_or_mail ( ADDRESS ), send_and_mail ( ADDRESS ), reset (), recipient (
18856 ADDRESS [, ADDRESS, [...]] [, OPTIONS ] ), to ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]]
18857 ), cc ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), bcc ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ),
18858 data ( [ DATA ] ), expand ( ADDRESS ), verify ( ADDRESS ), help ( [
18859 $subject ] ), quit ()
18871 =head2 Net::Time - time and daytime network client interface
18879 inet_time ( [HOST [, PROTOCOL [, TIMEOUT]]]), inet_daytime ( [HOST [,
18880 PROTOCOL [, TIMEOUT]]])
18888 =head2 Net::hostent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gethost*()
18905 =head2 Net::libnetFAQ, libnetFAQ - libnet Frequently Asked Questions
18913 =item Where to get this document
18915 =item How to contribute to this document
18919 =item Author and Copyright Information
18927 =item Obtaining and installing libnet
18931 =item What is libnet ?
18933 =item Which version of perl do I need ?
18935 =item What other modules do I need ?
18937 =item What machines support libnet ?
18939 =item Where can I get the latest libnet release
18943 =item Using Net::FTP
18947 =item How do I download files from an FTP server ?
18949 =item How do I transfer files in binary mode ?
18951 =item How can I get the size of a file on a remote FTP server ?
18953 =item How can I get the modification time of a file on a remote FTP server
18956 =item How can I change the permissions of a file on a remote server ?
18958 =item Can I do a reget operation like the ftp command ?
18960 =item How do I get a directory listing from an FTP server ?
18962 =item Changing directory to "" does not fail ?
18964 =item I am behind a SOCKS firewall, but the Firewall option does not work ?
18966 =item I am behind an FTP proxy firewall, but cannot access machines outside
18969 =item My ftp proxy firewall does not listen on port 21
18971 =item Is it possible to change the file permissions of a file on an FTP
18974 =item I have seen scripts call a method message, but cannot find it
18977 =item Why does Net::FTP not implement mput and mget methods
18981 =item Using Net::SMTP
18985 =item Why can't the part of an Email address after the @ be used as the
18988 =item Why does Net::SMTP not do DNS MX lookups ?
18990 =item The verify method always returns true ?
18994 =item Debugging scripts
18998 =item How can I debug my scripts that use Net::* modules ?
19002 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
19006 =head2 Net::netent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getnet*()
19023 =head2 Net::protoent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getproto*()
19038 =head2 Net::servent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getserv*()
19055 =head2 Netrc, Net::Netrc - OO interface to users netrc file
19063 =item THE .netrc FILE
19065 machine name, default, login name, password string, account string, macdef
19070 lookup ( MACHINE [, LOGIN ])
19074 login (), password (), account (), lpa ()
19084 =head2 O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends
19094 =item IMPLEMENTATION
19102 =head2 ODBM_File - Tied access to odbm files
19110 C<O_RDONLY>, C<O_WRONLY>, C<O_RDWR>
19116 =item C<odbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...>
19120 =item BUGS AND WARNINGS
19124 =head2 Opcode - Disable named opcodes when compiling perl code
19136 =item Operator Names and Operator Lists
19138 an operator name (opname), an operator tag name (optag), a negated opname
19139 or optag, an operator set (opset)
19141 =item Opcode Functions
19143 opcodes, opset (OP, ...), opset_to_ops (OPSET), opset_to_hex (OPSET),
19144 full_opset, empty_opset, invert_opset (OPSET), verify_opset (OPSET, ...),
19145 define_optag (OPTAG, OPSET), opmask_add (OPSET), opmask, opdesc (OP, ...),
19148 =item Manipulating Opsets
19150 =item TO DO (maybe)
19156 =item Predefined Opcode Tags
19158 :base_core, :base_mem, :base_loop, :base_io, :base_orig, :base_math,
19159 :base_thread, :default, :filesys_read, :sys_db, :browse, :filesys_open,
19160 :filesys_write, :subprocess, :ownprocess, :others, :still_to_be_decided,
19169 =head2 Opcode::Safe, Safe - Compile and execute code in restricted
19178 a new namespace, an operator mask
19184 =item RECENT CHANGES
19186 =item Methods in class Safe
19188 permit (OP, ...), permit_only (OP, ...), deny (OP, ...), deny_only (OP,
19189 ...), trap (OP, ...), untrap (OP, ...), share (NAME, ...), share_from
19190 (PACKAGE, ARRAYREF), varglob (VARNAME), reval (STRING), rdo (FILENAME),
19191 root (NAMESPACE), mask (MASK)
19193 =item Some Safety Issues
19195 Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes
19203 =head2 Opcode::ops, ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when
19216 =head2 POSIX - Perl interface to IEEE Std 1003.1
19230 _exit, abort, abs, access, acos, alarm, asctime, asin, assert, atan, atan2,
19231 atexit, atof, atoi, atol, bsearch, calloc, ceil, chdir, chmod, chown,
19232 clearerr, clock, close, closedir, cos, cosh, creat, ctermid, ctime,
19233 cuserid, difftime, div, dup, dup2, errno, execl, execle, execlp, execv,
19234 execve, execvp, exit, exp, fabs, fclose, fcntl, fdopen, feof, ferror,
19235 fflush, fgetc, fgetpos, fgets, fileno, floor, fmod, fopen, fork, fpathconf,
19236 fprintf, fputc, fputs, fread, free, freopen, frexp, fscanf, fseek, fsetpos,
19237 fstat, fsync, ftell, fwrite, getc, getchar, getcwd, getegid, getenv,
19238 geteuid, getgid, getgrgid, getgrnam, getgroups, getlogin, getpgrp, getpid,
19239 getppid, getpwnam, getpwuid, gets, getuid, gmtime, isalnum, isalpha,
19240 isatty, iscntrl, isdigit, isgraph, islower, isprint, ispunct, isspace,
19241 isupper, isxdigit, kill, labs, ldexp, ldiv, link, localeconv, localtime,
19242 log, log10, longjmp, lseek, malloc, mblen, mbstowcs, mbtowc, memchr,
19243 memcmp, memcpy, memmove, memset, mkdir, mkfifo, mktime, modf, nice,
19244 offsetof, open, opendir, pathconf, pause, perror, pipe, pow, printf, putc,
19245 putchar, puts, qsort, raise, rand, read, readdir, realloc, remove, rename,
19246 rewind, rewinddir, rmdir, scanf, setgid, setjmp, setlocale, setpgid,
19247 setsid, setuid, sigaction, siglongjmp, sigpending, sigprocmask, sigsetjmp,
19248 sigsuspend, sin, sinh, sleep, sprintf, sqrt, srand, sscanf, stat, strcat,
19249 strchr, strcmp, strcoll, strcpy, strcspn, strerror, strftime, strlen,
19250 strncat, strncmp, strncpy, strpbrk, strrchr, strspn, strstr, strtod,
19251 strtok, strtol, strtoul, strxfrm, sysconf, system, tan, tanh, tcdrain,
19252 tcflow, tcflush, tcgetpgrp, tcsendbreak, tcsetpgrp, time, times, tmpfile,
19253 tmpnam, tolower, toupper, ttyname, tzname, tzset, umask, uname, ungetc,
19254 unlink, utime, vfprintf, vprintf, vsprintf, wait, waitpid, wcstombs,
19261 =item POSIX::SigAction
19263 new, handler, mask, flags, safe
19265 =item POSIX::SigSet
19267 new, addset, delset, emptyset, fillset, ismember
19269 =item POSIX::Termios
19271 new, getattr, getcc, getcflag, getiflag, getispeed, getlflag, getoflag,
19272 getospeed, setattr, setcc, setcflag, setiflag, setispeed, setlflag,
19273 setoflag, setospeed, Baud rate values, Terminal interface values, c_cc
19274 field values, c_cflag field values, c_iflag field values, c_lflag field
19275 values, c_oflag field values
19279 =item PATHNAME CONSTANTS
19283 =item POSIX CONSTANTS
19287 =item SYSTEM CONFIGURATION
19341 Constants, WNOHANG, WUNTRACED, Macros, WIFEXITED, WEXITSTATUS, WIFSIGNALED,
19342 WTERMSIG, WIFSTOPPED, WSTOPSIG
19346 =head2 PerlIO - On demand loader for PerlIO layers and root of PerlIO::*
19355 :unix, :stdio, :perlio, :crlf, :mmap, :utf8, :bytes, :raw, :pop, :win32
19359 =item Custom Layers
19363 =item Alternatives to raw
19365 =item Defaults and how to override them
19367 =item Querying the layers of filehandles
19377 =head2 PerlIO::encoding - encoding layer
19389 =head2 PerlIO::scalar - in-memory IO, scalar IO
19397 =item IMPLEMENTATION NOTE
19401 =head2 PerlIO::via - Helper class for PerlIO layers implemented in perl
19409 =item EXPECTED METHODS
19411 $class->PUSHED([$mode[,$fh]]), $obj->POPPED([$fh]),
19412 $obj->UTF8($bellowFlag,[$fh]), $obj->OPEN($path,$mode[,$fh]),
19413 $obj->BINMODE([,$fh]), $obj->FDOPEN($fd[,$fh]),
19414 $obj->SYSOPEN($path,$imode,$perm,[,$fh]), $obj->FILENO($fh),
19415 $obj->READ($buffer,$len,$fh), $obj->WRITE($buffer,$fh), $obj->FILL($fh),
19416 $obj->CLOSE($fh), $obj->SEEK($posn,$whence,$fh), $obj->TELL($fh),
19417 $obj->UNREAD($buffer,$fh), $obj->FLUSH($fh), $obj->SETLINEBUF($fh),
19418 $obj->CLEARERR($fh), $obj->ERROR($fh), $obj->EOF($fh)
19424 =item Example - a Hexadecimal Handle
19430 =head2 PerlIO::via::QuotedPrint - PerlIO layer for quoted-printable strings
19438 =item REQUIRED MODULES
19442 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
19448 =head2 Pod::Checker, podchecker() - check pod documents for syntax errors
19454 =item OPTIONS/ARGUMENTS
19460 B<-warnings> =E<gt> I<val>
19472 empty =headn, =over on line I<N> without closing =back, =item without
19473 previous =over, =back without previous =over, No argument for =begin, =end
19474 without =begin, Nested =begin's, =for without formatter specification,
19475 unresolved internal link I<NAME>, Unknown command "I<CMD>", Unknown
19476 interior-sequence "I<SEQ>", nested commands
19477 I<CMD>E<lt>...I<CMD>E<lt>...E<gt>...E<gt>, garbled entity I<STRING>, Entity
19478 number out of range, malformed link LE<lt>E<gt>, nonempty ZE<lt>E<gt>,
19479 empty XE<lt>E<gt>, Spurious text after =pod / =cut, Spurious character(s)
19484 multiple occurrence of link target I<name>, line containing nothing but
19485 whitespace in paragraph, file does not start with =head, previous =item has
19486 no contents, preceding non-item paragraph(s), =item type mismatch (I<one>
19487 vs. I<two>), I<N> unescaped C<E<lt>E<gt>> in paragraph, Unknown entity, No
19488 items in =over, No argument for =item, empty section in previous paragraph,
19489 Verbatim paragraph in NAME section, =headI<n> without preceding higher
19494 ignoring leading/trailing whitespace in link, (section) in '$page'
19495 deprecated, alternative text/node '%s' contains non-escaped | or /
19507 C<Pod::Checker-E<gt>new( %options )>
19509 C<$checker-E<gt>poderror( @args )>, C<$checker-E<gt>poderror( {%opts},
19512 C<$checker-E<gt>num_errors()>
19514 C<$checker-E<gt>num_warnings()>
19516 C<$checker-E<gt>name()>
19518 C<$checker-E<gt>node()>
19520 C<$checker-E<gt>idx()>
19522 C<$checker-E<gt>hyperlink()>
19530 =head2 Pod::Find - find POD documents in directory trees
19542 =item C<pod_find( { %opts } , @directories )>
19544 C<-verbose =E<gt> 1>, C<-perl =E<gt> 1>, C<-script =E<gt> 1>, C<-inc =E<gt>
19551 =item C<simplify_name( $str )>
19557 =item C<pod_where( { %opts }, $pod )>
19559 C<-inc =E<gt> 1>, C<-dirs =E<gt> [ $dir1, $dir2, ... ]>, C<-verbose =E<gt>
19566 =item C<contains_pod( $file , $verbose )>
19578 =head2 Pod::Html - module to convert pod files to HTML
19588 backlink, cachedir, css, flush, header, help, hiddendirs, htmldir,
19589 htmlroot, index, infile, libpods, netscape, outfile, podpath, podroot,
19590 quiet, recurse, title, verbose
19604 =head2 Pod::InputObjects - objects representing POD input paragraphs,
19617 package B<Pod::InputSource>, package B<Pod::Paragraph>, package
19618 B<Pod::InteriorSequence>, package B<Pod::ParseTree>
19624 =item B<Pod::InputSource>
19648 =item B<was_cutting()>
19654 =item B<Pod::Paragraph>
19660 =item Pod::Paragraph-E<gt>B<new()>
19666 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<cmd_name()>
19672 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<text()>
19678 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<raw_text()>
19684 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<cmd_prefix()>
19690 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<cmd_separator()>
19696 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<parse_tree()>
19702 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<file_line()>
19708 =item B<Pod::InteriorSequence>
19714 =item Pod::InteriorSequence-E<gt>B<new()>
19720 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<cmd_name()>
19726 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<prepend()>
19732 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<append()>
19738 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<nested()>
19744 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<raw_text()>
19750 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<left_delimiter()>
19756 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<right_delimiter()>
19762 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<parse_tree()>
19768 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<file_line()>
19774 =item Pod::InteriorSequence::B<DESTROY()>
19780 =item B<Pod::ParseTree>
19786 =item Pod::ParseTree-E<gt>B<new()>
19792 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<top()>
19798 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<children()>
19804 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<prepend()>
19810 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<append()>
19816 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<raw_text()>
19822 =item Pod::ParseTree::B<DESTROY()>
19834 =head2 Pod::LaTeX - Convert Pod data to formatted Latex
19846 =item OBJECT METHODS
19854 =item Data Accessors
19870 B<ReplaceNAMEwithSection>
19872 B<StartWithNewPage>
19886 =item Subclassed methods
19900 B<interior_sequence>
19916 =item Methods for headings
19924 =item Internal methods
19930 B<_replace_special_chars>
19932 B<_replace_special_chars_late>
19938 B<_clean_latex_commands>
19940 B<_split_delimited>
19956 =head2 Pod::Man - Convert POD data to formatted *roff input
19964 center, date, fixed, fixedbold, fixeditalic, fixedbolditalic, name, quotes,
19969 roff font should be 1 or 2 chars, not "%s", Invalid link %s, Invalid quote
19970 specification "%s", %s:%d: Unknown command paragraph "%s", %s:%d: Unknown
19971 escape EE<lt>%sE<gt>, %s:%d: Unknown formatting code %s, %s:%d: Unmatched
19982 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
19986 =head2 Pod::ParseLink - Parse an LE<lt>E<gt> formatting code in POD text
19998 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
20002 =head2 Pod::ParseUtils - helpers for POD parsing and conversion
20016 Pod::List-E<gt>new()
20024 $list-E<gt>indent()
20032 $list-E<gt>parent()
20038 =item Pod::Hyperlink
20040 Pod::Hyperlink-E<gt>new()
20044 $link-E<gt>parse($string)
20046 $link-E<gt>markup($string)
20050 $link-E<gt>warning()
20052 $link-E<gt>file(), $link-E<gt>line()
20058 $link-E<gt>alttext()
20068 Pod::Cache-E<gt>new()
20074 $cache-E<gt>find_page($name)
20078 =item Pod::Cache::Item
20080 Pod::Cache::Item-E<gt>new()
20084 $cacheitem-E<gt>page()
20086 $cacheitem-E<gt>description()
20088 $cacheitem-E<gt>path()
20090 $cacheitem-E<gt>file()
20092 $cacheitem-E<gt>nodes()
20094 $cacheitem-E<gt>find_node($name)
20096 $cacheitem-E<gt>idx()
20106 =head2 Pod::Parser - base class for creating POD filters and translators
20118 =item QUICK OVERVIEW
20120 =item PARSING OPTIONS
20122 B<-want_nonPODs> (default: unset), B<-process_cut_cmd> (default: unset),
20123 B<-warnings> (default: unset)
20129 =item RECOMMENDED SUBROUTINE/METHOD OVERRIDES
20137 C<$cmd>, C<$text>, C<$line_num>, C<$pod_para>
20143 =item B<verbatim()>
20145 C<$text>, C<$line_num>, C<$pod_para>
20151 =item B<textblock()>
20153 C<$text>, C<$line_num>, C<$pod_para>
20159 =item B<interior_sequence()>
20165 =item OPTIONAL SUBROUTINE/METHOD OVERRIDES
20177 =item B<initialize()>
20183 =item B<begin_pod()>
20189 =item B<begin_input()>
20195 =item B<end_input()>
20207 =item B<preprocess_line()>
20213 =item B<preprocess_paragraph()>
20219 =item METHODS FOR PARSING AND PROCESSING
20225 =item B<parse_text()>
20227 B<-expand_seq> =E<gt> I<code-ref>|I<method-name>, B<-expand_text> =E<gt>
20228 I<code-ref>|I<method-name>, B<-expand_ptree> =E<gt>
20229 I<code-ref>|I<method-name>
20235 =item B<interpolate()>
20241 =item B<parse_paragraph()>
20247 =item B<parse_from_filehandle()>
20253 =item B<parse_from_file()>
20259 =item ACCESSOR METHODS
20265 =item B<errorsub()>
20277 =item B<parseopts()>
20283 =item B<output_file()>
20289 =item B<output_handle()>
20295 =item B<input_file()>
20301 =item B<input_handle()>
20307 =item B<input_streams()>
20313 =item B<top_stream()>
20319 =item PRIVATE METHODS AND DATA
20325 =item B<_push_input_stream()>
20331 =item B<_pop_input_stream()>
20337 =item TREE-BASED PARSING
20345 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToChecker - let Perldoc check Pod for errors
20355 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
20361 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToMan - let Perldoc render Pod as man pages
20373 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
20379 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToNroff - let Perldoc convert Pod to nroff
20391 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
20397 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToPod - let Perldoc render Pod as ... Pod!
20407 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
20413 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToRtf - let Perldoc render Pod as RTF
20423 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
20429 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToText - let Perldoc render Pod as plaintext
20441 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
20447 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToTk - let Perldoc use Tk::Pod to render Pod
20461 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToXml - let Perldoc render Pod as XML
20471 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
20477 =head2 Pod::PlainText - Convert POD data to formatted ASCII text
20485 alt, indent, loose, sentence, width
20489 Bizarre space in item, Can't open %s for reading: %s, Unknown escape: %s,
20490 Unknown sequence: %s, Unmatched =back
20502 =head2 Pod::Plainer - Perl extension for converting Pod to old style Pod.
20522 =head2 Pod::Select, podselect() - extract selected sections of POD from
20535 =item SECTION SPECIFICATIONS
20537 =item RANGE SPECIFICATIONS
20543 =item OBJECT METHODS
20549 =item B<curr_headings()>
20561 =item B<add_selection()>
20567 =item B<clear_selections()>
20573 =item B<match_section()>
20579 =item B<is_selected()>
20585 =item EXPORTED FUNCTIONS
20591 =item B<podselect()>
20593 B<-output>, B<-sections>, B<-ranges>
20599 =item PRIVATE METHODS AND DATA
20605 =item B<_compile_section_spec()>
20611 =item $self->{_SECTION_HEADINGS}
20617 =item $self->{_SELECTED_SECTIONS}
20629 =head2 Pod::Text - Convert POD data to formatted ASCII text
20637 alt, code, indent, loose, margin, quotes, sentence, width
20641 Bizarre space in item, Item called without tag, Can't open %s for reading:
20642 %s, Invalid quote specification "%s", %s:%d: Unknown command paragraph: %s,
20643 %s:%d: Unknown escape: %s, %s:%d: Unknown formatting code: %s, %s:%d:
20654 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
20658 =head2 Pod::Text::Color - Convert POD data to formatted color ASCII text
20672 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
20676 =head2 Pod::Text::Overstrike - Convert POD data to formatted overstrike
20691 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
20695 =head2 Pod::Text::Termcap - Convert POD data to ASCII text with format
20710 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
20714 =head2 Pod::Usage, pod2usage() - print a usage message from embedded pod
20723 C<-message>, C<-msg>, C<-exitval>, C<-verbose>, C<-section>, C<-output>,
20724 C<-input>, C<-pathlist>
20732 =item Recommended Use
20740 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
20744 =head2 SDBM_File - Tied access to sdbm files
20752 C<O_RDONLY>, C<O_WRONLY>, C<O_RDWR>
20758 =item C<sdbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...>
20762 =item BUGS AND WARNINGS
20766 =head2 Safe - Compile and execute code in restricted compartments
20774 a new namespace, an operator mask
20780 =item RECENT CHANGES
20782 =item Methods in class Safe
20784 permit (OP, ...), permit_only (OP, ...), deny (OP, ...), deny_only (OP,
20785 ...), trap (OP, ...), untrap (OP, ...), share (NAME, ...), share_from
20786 (PACKAGE, ARRAYREF), varglob (VARNAME), reval (STRING), rdo (FILENAME),
20787 root (NAMESPACE), mask (MASK)
20789 =item Some Safety Issues
20791 Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes
20799 =head2 Scalar::Util - A selection of general-utility scalar subroutines
20807 blessed EXPR, dualvar NUM, STRING, isvstring EXPR, isweak EXPR,
20808 looks_like_number EXPR, openhandle FH, refaddr EXPR, reftype EXPR,
20809 set_prototype CODEREF, PROTOTYPE, tainted EXPR, weaken REF
20819 =head2 Search::Dict, look - search for key in dictionary file
20829 =head2 SelectSaver - save and restore selected file handle
20839 =head2 SelfLoader - load functions only on demand
20849 =item The __DATA__ token
20851 =item SelfLoader autoloading
20853 =item Autoloading and package lexicals
20855 =item SelfLoader and AutoLoader
20857 =item __DATA__, __END__, and the FOOBAR::DATA filehandle.
20859 =item Classes and inherited methods.
20863 =item Multiple packages and fully qualified subroutine names
20867 =head2 Shell - run shell commands transparently within perl
20879 =item Escaping Magic Characters
20881 =item Configuration
20891 =head2 Socket, sockaddr_in, sockaddr_un, inet_aton, inet_ntoa - load the C
20892 socket.h defines and structure manipulators
20900 inet_aton HOSTNAME, inet_ntoa IP_ADDRESS, INADDR_ANY, INADDR_BROADCAST,
20901 INADDR_LOOPBACK, INADDR_NONE, sockaddr_family SOCKADDR, sockaddr_in PORT,
20902 ADDRESS, sockaddr_in SOCKADDR_IN, pack_sockaddr_in PORT, IP_ADDRESS,
20903 unpack_sockaddr_in SOCKADDR_IN, sockaddr_un PATHNAME, sockaddr_un
20904 SOCKADDR_UN, pack_sockaddr_un PATH, unpack_sockaddr_un SOCKADDR_UN
20908 =head2 Storable - persistence for Perl data structures
20918 =item ADVISORY LOCKING
20922 =item CANONICAL REPRESENTATION
20924 =item CODE REFERENCES
20926 =item FORWARD COMPATIBILITY
20928 utf8 data, restricted hashes, files from future versions of Storable
20930 =item ERROR REPORTING
20938 C<STORABLE_freeze> I<obj>, I<cloning>, C<STORABLE_thaw> I<obj>, I<cloning>,
20939 I<serialized>, .., C<STORABLE_attach> I<class>, I<cloning>, I<serialized>
20943 C<Storable::last_op_in_netorder>, C<Storable::is_storing>,
20944 C<Storable::is_retrieving>
20952 =item Storable magic
20962 =item 64 bit data in perl 5.6.0 and 5.6.1
20974 =head2 Switch - A switch statement for Perl
20988 =item Allowing fall-through
20990 =item Automating fall-through
20992 =item Alternative syntax
20994 =item Higher-order Operations
21010 =head2 Symbol - manipulate Perl symbols and their names
21022 =head2 Sys::Hostname - Try every conceivable way to get hostname
21034 =head2 Syslog, Sys::Syslog, openlog, closelog, setlogmask, syslog - Perl
21035 interface to the UNIX syslog(3) calls
21043 openlog $ident, $logopt, $facility, syslog $priority, $format, @args,
21044 setlogmask $mask_priority, setlogsock $sock_type [$stream_location] (added
21045 in 5.004_02), closelog
21055 =head2 Syslog::Syslog, Sys::Syslog, openlog, closelog, setlogmask, syslog -
21056 Perl interface to the UNIX syslog(3) calls
21064 openlog $ident, $logopt, $facility, syslog $priority, $format, @args,
21065 setlogmask $mask_priority, setlogsock $sock_type [$stream_location] (added
21066 in 5.004_02), closelog
21076 =head2 Term::ANSIColor - Color screen output using ANSI escape sequences
21086 Bad escape sequence %s, Bareword "%s" not allowed while "strict subs" in
21087 use, Invalid attribute name %s, Name "%s" used only once: possible typo, No
21088 comma allowed after filehandle, No name for escape sequence %s
21092 ANSI_COLORS_DISABLED
21102 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
21106 =head2 Term::Cap - Perl termcap interface
21122 B<Tgetent>, OSPEED, TERM
21124 B<Tpad>, B<$string>, B<$cnt>, B<$FH>
21126 B<Tputs>, B<$cap>, B<$cnt>, B<$FH>
21128 B<Tgoto>, B<$cap>, B<$col>, B<$row>, B<$FH>
21136 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
21144 =head2 Term::Complete - Perl word completion module
21152 E<lt>tabE<gt>, ^D, ^U, E<lt>delE<gt>, E<lt>bsE<gt>
21162 =head2 Term::ReadLine - Perl interface to various C<readline> packages.
21163 If no real package is found, substitutes stubs instead of basic functions.
21171 =item Minimal set of supported functions
21173 C<ReadLine>, C<new>, C<readline>, C<addhistory>, C<IN>, C<OUT>, C<MinLine>,
21174 C<findConsole>, Attribs, C<Features>
21176 =item Additional supported functions
21178 C<tkRunning>, C<ornaments>, C<newTTY>
21188 =head2 Test - provides a simple framework for writing test scripts
21196 =item QUICK START GUIDE
21202 C<plan(...)>, C<tests =E<gt> I<number>>, C<todo =E<gt> [I<1,5,14>]>,
21203 C<onfail =E<gt> sub { ... }>, C<onfail =E<gt> \&some_sub>
21213 C<skip(I<skip_if_true>, I<args...>)>
21219 NORMAL TESTS, SKIPPED TESTS, TODO TESTS
21223 =item BUGS and CAVEATS
21235 =head2 Test::Builder - Backend for building test libraries
21259 =item Setting up tests
21277 =item Running tests
21283 B<is_eq>, B<is_num>
21285 B<isnt_eq>, B<isnt_num>
21311 B<no_header>, B<no_ending>
21325 B<output>, B<failure_output>, B<todo_output>
21329 =item Test Status and Info
21365 =head2 Test::Harness - Run Perl standard test scripts with statistics
21383 =item Configuration variables.
21385 C<$Test::Harness::Verbose>, C<$Test::Harness::switches>,
21386 C<$Test::Harness::Timer>
21390 B<Failed Test>, B<Stat>, B<Wstat>, B<Total>, B<Fail>, B<Failed>, B<List of
21417 C<All tests successful.\nFiles=%d, Tests=%d, %s>, C<FAILED tests
21418 %s\n\tFailed %d/%d tests, %.2f%% okay.>, C<Test returned status %d (wstat
21419 %d)>, C<Failed 1 test, %.2f%% okay. %s>, C<Failed %d/%d tests, %.2f%% okay.
21420 %s>, C<FAILED--Further testing stopped: %s>
21422 =item ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES THAT TEST::HARNESS SETS
21424 C<HARNESS_ACTIVE>, C<HARNESS_VERSION>
21426 =item ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES THAT AFFECT TEST::HARNESS
21428 C<HARNESS_COLUMNS>, C<HARNESS_COMPILE_TEST>, C<HARNESS_DEBUG>,
21429 C<HARNESS_FILELEAK_IN_DIR>, C<HARNESS_IGNORE_EXITCODE>, C<HARNESS_NOTTY>,
21430 C<HARNESS_PERL>, C<HARNESS_PERL_SWITCHES>, C<HARNESS_VERBOSE>
21446 =head2 Test::Harness::Assert - simple assert
21472 =head2 Test::Harness::Iterator - Internal Test::Harness Iterator
21490 =head2 Test::Harness::Point - object for tracking a single test point
21508 =item from_test_line( $line )
21520 =head2 Test::Harness::Straps - detailed analysis of test results
21540 =item $strap->_init
21550 =item $strap->analyze( $name, \@output_lines )
21558 =item $strap->analyze_fh( $name, $test_filehandle )
21564 =item $strap->analyze_file( $test_file )
21570 =item $strap->_command_line( $file )
21576 =item $strap->_command()
21582 =item $strap->_switches( $file )
21588 =item $strap->_cleaned_switches( @switches_from_user )
21594 =item $strap->_INC2PERL5LIB
21600 =item $strap->_filtered_INC()
21606 =item $strap->_restore_PERL5LIB()
21616 =item C<_is_diagnostic>
21624 =item C<_is_header>
21630 =item C<_is_bail_out>
21636 =item C<_reset_file_state>
21652 =head2 Test::Harness::TAP - Documentation for the TAP format
21660 =item THE TAP FORMAT
21662 =item HARNESS BEHAVIOR
21664 =item TESTS LINES AND THE PLAN
21670 =item The test line
21672 C<ok> or C<not ok>, Test number, Description, Directive, ok/not ok
21673 (required), Test number (recommended), Description (recommended), Directive
21674 (only when necessary)
21684 =item Skipping tests
21696 =item Anything else
21704 =item Common with explanation
21706 =item Unknown amount and failures
21710 =item Skipping a few
21712 =item Skipping everything
21714 =item Got spare tuits?
21716 =item Creative liberties
21722 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
21728 =head2 Test::More - yet another framework for writing test scripts
21738 =item I love it when a plan comes together
21748 =item I'm ok, you're not ok.
21788 =item Conditional tests
21794 B<TODO: BLOCK>, B<todo_skip>
21796 When do I use SKIP vs. TODO?
21800 =item Complex data structures
21808 =item Discouraged comparison functions
21820 =item Extending and Embedding Test::More
21830 =item CAVEATS and NOTES
21832 Backwards compatibility, Overloaded objects, Threads, Test::Harness upgrade
21846 =head2 Test::Simple - Basic utilities for writing tests.
21870 L<Test::More>, L<Test>, L<Test::Unit>, L<Test::Inline>, L<SelfTest>,
21879 =head2 Test::Tutorial - A tutorial about writing really basic tests
21887 =item Nuts and bolts of testing.
21889 =item Where to start?
21893 =item Test the manual
21895 =item Sometimes the tests are wrong
21897 =item Testing lots of values
21899 =item Informative names
21901 =item Skipping tests
21905 =item Testing with taint mode.
21917 =head2 Text::Abbrev, abbrev - create an abbreviation table from a list
21929 =head2 Text::Balanced - Extract delimited text sequences from strings.
21939 =item General behaviour in list contexts
21943 =item General behaviour in scalar and void contexts
21945 =item A note about prefixes
21947 =item C<extract_delimited>
21949 =item C<extract_bracketed>
21951 =item C<extract_variable>
21955 =item C<extract_tagged>
21957 C<reject =E<gt> $listref>, C<ignore =E<gt> $listref>, C<fail =E<gt> $str>,
21958 [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5]
21960 =item C<gen_extract_tagged>
21962 =item C<extract_quotelike>
21964 [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [10]
21966 =item C<extract_quotelike> and "here documents"
21968 [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7..10]
21970 =item C<extract_codeblock>
21972 =item C<extract_multiple>
21974 =item C<gen_delimited_pat>
21980 C<Did not find a suitable bracket: "%s">, C<Did not find prefix: /%s/>,
21981 C<Did not find opening bracket after prefix: "%s">, C<No quotelike
21982 operator found after prefix: "%s">, C<Unmatched closing bracket: "%c">,
21983 C<Unmatched opening bracket(s): "%s">, C<Unmatched embedded quote (%s)>,
21984 C<Did not find closing delimiter to match '%s'>, C<Mismatched closing
21985 bracket: expected "%c" but found "%s">, C<No block delimiter found after
21986 quotelike "%s">, C<Did not find leading dereferencer>, C<Bad identifier
21987 after dereferencer>, C<Did not find expected opening bracket at %s>,
21988 C<Improperly nested codeblock at %s>, C<Missing second block for quotelike
21989 "%s">, C<No match found for opening bracket>, C<Did not find opening tag:
21990 /%s/>, C<Unable to construct closing tag to match: /%s/>, C<Found invalid
21991 nested tag: %s>, C<Found unbalanced nested tag: %s>, C<Did not find closing
21996 =item BUGS AND IRRITATIONS
22002 =head2 Text::ParseWords - parse text into an array of tokens or array of
22017 =head2 Text::Soundex - Implementation of the Soundex Algorithm as Described
22034 =head2 Text::Tabs -- expand and unexpand tabs per the unix expand(1) and
22049 =head2 Text::Wrap - line wrapping to form simple paragraphs
22065 =head2 Thread - manipulate threads in Perl (for old code only)
22077 $thread = Thread->new(\&start_sub), $thread = Thread->new(\&start_sub,
22078 LIST), lock VARIABLE, async BLOCK;, Thread->self, cond_wait VARIABLE,
22079 cond_signal VARIABLE, cond_broadcast VARIABLE, yield
22083 join, eval, detach, equal, tid, flags, done
22091 =head2 Thread::Queue - thread-safe queues
22099 =item FUNCTIONS AND METHODS
22101 new, enqueue LIST, dequeue, dequeue_nb, pending
22107 =head2 Thread::Semaphore - thread-safe semaphores
22115 =item FUNCTIONS AND METHODS
22117 new, new NUMBER, down, down NUMBER, up, up NUMBER
22121 =head2 Thread::Signal - Start a thread which runs signal handlers reliably
22136 =head2 Thread::Specific - thread-specific keys
22146 =head2 Tie::Array - base class for tied arrays
22154 TIEARRAY classname, LIST, STORE this, index, value, FETCH this, index,
22155 FETCHSIZE this, STORESIZE this, count, EXTEND this, count, EXISTS this,
22156 key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, DESTROY this, PUSH this, LIST, POP this,
22157 SHIFT this, UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST
22165 =head2 Tie::File - Access the lines of a disk file via a Perl array
22185 =item Option Format
22189 =item Public Methods
22197 =item C<defer>, C<flush>, C<discard>, and C<autodefer>
22203 =item Tying to an already-opened filehandle
22205 =item Deferred Writing
22209 =item Autodeferring
22213 =item CONCURRENT ACCESS TO FILES
22219 =item WHAT ABOUT C<DB_File>?
22233 =head2 Tie::Handle, Tie::StdHandle - base class definitions for tied
22242 TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, WRITE this, scalar, length, offset, PRINT this,
22243 LIST, PRINTF this, format, LIST, READ this, scalar, length, offset,
22244 READLINE this, GETC this, CLOSE this, OPEN this, filename, BINMODE this,
22245 EOF this, TELL this, SEEK this, offset, whence, DESTROY this
22247 =item MORE INFORMATION
22249 =item COMPATIBILITY
22253 =head2 Tie::Hash, Tie::StdHash, Tie::ExtraHash - base class definitions for
22262 TIEHASH classname, LIST, STORE this, key, value, FETCH this, key, FIRSTKEY
22263 this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, EXISTS this, key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR
22266 =item Inheriting from B<Tie::StdHash>
22268 =item Inheriting from B<Tie::ExtraHash>
22270 =item C<SCALAR>, C<UNTIE> and C<DESTROY>
22272 =item MORE INFORMATION
22276 =head2 Tie::Memoize - add data to hash when needed
22284 =item Inheriting from B<Tie::Memoize>
22294 =head2 Tie::RefHash - use references as hash keys
22312 =head2 Tie::Scalar, Tie::StdScalar - base class definitions for tied
22321 TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, DESTROY this
22323 =item MORE INFORMATION
22327 =head2 Tie::SubstrHash - Fixed-table-size, fixed-key-length hashing
22339 =head2 Time::HiRes - High resolution alarm, sleep, gettimeofday, interval
22348 gettimeofday (), usleep ( $useconds ), nanosleep ( $nanoseconds ), ualarm (
22349 $useconds [, $interval_useconds ] ), tv_interval, time (), sleep (
22350 $floating_seconds ), alarm ( $floating_seconds [,
22351 $interval_floating_seconds ] ), setitimer ( $which, $floating_seconds [,
22352 $interval_floating_seconds ] ), getitimer ( $which )
22362 =item negative time not invented yet
22364 =item internal error: useconds < 0 (unsigned ... signed ...)
22374 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
22378 =head2 Time::Local - efficiently compute time from local and GMT time
22388 =item Ambiguous Local Times (DST)
22390 =item Non-Existent Local Times (DST)
22392 =item Negative Epoch Values
22396 =item IMPLEMENTATION
22406 =head2 Time::gmtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gmtime()
22421 =head2 Time::localtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in localtime()
22436 =head2 Time::tm - internal object used by Time::gmtime and Time::localtime
22448 =head2 UNIVERSAL - base class for ALL classes (blessed references)
22456 C<< $obj->isa( TYPE ) >>, C<< CLASS->isa( TYPE ) >>, C<isa( VAL, TYPE )>,
22457 C<TYPE>, C<$obj>, C<CLASS>, C<VAL>, C<< $obj->can( METHOD ) >>, C<<
22458 CLASS->can( METHOD ) >>, C<can( VAL, METHOD )>, C<VERSION ( [ REQUIRE ] )>
22464 =head2 Unicode::Collate - Unicode Collation Algorithm
22474 =item Constructor and Tailoring
22476 UCA_Version, alternate, backwards, entry, hangul_terminator, ignoreChar,
22477 ignoreName, katakana_before_hiragana, level, normalization, overrideCJK,
22478 overrideHangul, preprocess, rearrange, table, undefChar, undefName,
22479 upper_before_lower, variable
22481 =item Methods for Collation
22483 C<@sorted = $Collator-E<gt>sort(@not_sorted)>, C<$result =
22484 $Collator-E<gt>cmp($a, $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>eq($a, $b)>,
22485 C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>ne($a, $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>lt($a,
22486 $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>le($a, $b)>, C<$result =
22487 $Collator-E<gt>gt($a, $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>ge($a, $b)>,
22488 C<$sortKey = $Collator-E<gt>getSortKey($string)>, C<$sortKeyForm =
22489 $Collator-E<gt>viewSortKey($string)>
22491 =item Methods for Searching
22493 C<$position = $Collator-E<gt>index($string, $substring[, $position])>,
22494 C<($position, $length) = $Collator-E<gt>index($string, $substring[,
22495 $position])>, C<$match_ref = $Collator-E<gt>match($string, $substring)>,
22496 C<($match) = $Collator-E<gt>match($string, $substring)>, C<@match =
22497 $Collator-E<gt>gmatch($string, $substring)>, C<$count =
22498 $Collator-E<gt>subst($string, $substring, $replacement)>, C<$count =
22499 $Collator-E<gt>gsubst($string, $substring, $replacement)>
22501 =item Other Methods
22503 C<%old_tailoring = $Collator-E<gt>change(%new_tailoring)>, C<$version =
22504 $Collator-E<gt>version()>, C<UCA_Version()>, C<Base_Unicode_Version()>
22514 Normalization, Conformance Test
22516 =item AUTHOR, COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
22520 Unicode Collation Algorithm - UTS #10, The Default Unicode Collation
22521 Element Table (DUCET), The conformance test for the UCA, Hangul Syllable
22522 Type, Unicode Normalization Forms - UAX #15
22526 =head2 Unicode::Normalize - Unicode Normalization Forms
22536 =item Normalization Forms
22538 C<$NFD_string = NFD($string)>, C<$NFC_string = NFC($string)>,
22539 C<$NFKD_string = NFKD($string)>, C<$NFKC_string = NFKC($string)>,
22540 C<$FCD_string = FCD($string)>, C<$FCC_string = FCC($string)>,
22541 C<$normalized_string = normalize($form_name, $string)>
22543 =item Decomposition and Composition
22545 C<$decomposed_string = decompose($string)>, C<$decomposed_string =
22546 decompose($string, $useCompatMapping)>, C<$reordered_string =
22547 reorder($string)>, C<$composed_string = compose($string)>
22551 C<$result = checkNFD($string)>, C<$result = checkNFC($string)>, C<$result =
22552 checkNFKD($string)>, C<$result = checkNFKC($string)>, C<$result =
22553 checkFCD($string)>, C<$result = checkFCC($string)>, C<$result =
22554 check($form_name, $string)>
22556 =item Character Data
22558 C<$canonical_decomposed = getCanon($codepoint)>,
22559 C<$compatibility_decomposed = getCompat($codepoint)>,
22560 C<$codepoint_composite = getComposite($codepoint_here, $codepoint_next)>,
22561 C<$combining_class = getCombinClass($codepoint)>, C<$is_exclusion =
22562 isExclusion($codepoint)>, C<$is_singleton = isSingleton($codepoint)>,
22563 C<$is_non_starter_decomposition = isNonStDecomp($codepoint)>,
22564 C<$may_be_composed_with_prev_char = isComp2nd($codepoint)>
22572 Perl's version vs. Unicode version, Correction of decomposition mapping,
22573 Revised definition of canonical composition
22579 http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr15/,
22580 http://www.unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/DerivedNormalizationProps.txt,
22581 http://www.unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/NormalizationCorrections.txt,
22582 http://www.unicode.org/review/pr-29.html, http://www.unicode.org/notes/tn5/
22586 =head2 Unicode::UCD - Unicode character database
22628 =item Blocks versus Scripts
22630 =item Matching Scripts and Blocks
22632 =item Code Point Arguments
22664 =item Unicode::UCD::UnicodeVersion
22670 =item Implementation Note
22682 =head2 User::grent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getgr*()
22697 =head2 User::pwent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getpw*()
22708 =item System Specifics
22722 =head2 XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code
22732 =item Migration from C<DynaLoader>
22734 =item Backward compatible boilerplate
22738 =item Order of initialization: early load()
22742 =item The most hairy case
22752 =head1 AUXILIARY DOCUMENTATION
22754 Here should be listed all the extra programs' documentation, but they
22755 don't all have manual pages yet:
22789 Larry Wall <F<larry@wall.org>>, with the help of oodles