4 perltoc - perl documentation table of contents
8 This page provides a brief table of contents for the rest of the Perl
9 documentation set. It is meant to be scanned quickly or grepped
10 through to locate the proper section you're looking for.
12 =head1 BASIC DOCUMENTATION
14 =head2 perl - Practical Extraction and Report Language
26 =item Reference Manual
28 =item Internals and C Language Interface
32 =item Language-Specific
34 =item Platform-Specific
58 =head2 perlintro -- a brief introduction and overview of Perl
68 =item Running Perl programs
70 =item Basic syntax overview
72 =item Perl variable types
74 Scalars, Arrays, Hashes
76 =item Variable scoping
78 =item Conditional and looping constructs
80 if, while, for, foreach
82 =item Builtin operators and functions
84 Arithmetic, Numeric comparison, String comparison, Boolean logic,
89 =item Regular expressions
91 Simple matching, Simple substitution, More complex regular expressions,
92 Parentheses for capturing, Other regexp features
94 =item Writing subroutines
98 =item Using Perl modules
106 =head2 perlfaq - frequently asked questions about Perl ($Date: 2003/01/31
115 =item Where to get the perlfaq
117 =item How to contribute to the perlfaq
119 =item What will happen if you mail your Perl programming problems to the
126 =item Author and Copyright Information
130 =item Bundled Distributions
136 =item Table of Contents
138 perlfaq - this document, perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl, perlfaq2
139 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl, perlfaq3 - Programming Tools, perlfaq4
140 - Data Manipulation, perlfaq5 - Files and Formats, perlfaq6 - Regular
141 Expressions, perlfaq7 - General Perl Language Issues, perlfaq8 - System
142 Interaction, perlfaq9 - Networking
148 =item L<perlfaq1>: General Questions About Perl
150 =item L<perlfaq2>: Obtaining and Learning about Perl
152 =item L<perlfaq3>: Programming Tools
154 =item L<perlfaq4>: Data Manipulation
156 =item L<perlfaq5>: Files and Formats
158 =item L<perlfaq6>: Regular Expressions
160 =item L<perlfaq7>: General Perl Language Issues
162 =item L<perlfaq8>: System Interaction
164 =item L<perlfaq9>: Networking
170 =head2 perlbook - Perl book information
178 =head2 perlsyn - Perl syntax
190 =item Simple Statements
192 =item Compound Statements
200 =item Basic BLOCKs and Switch Statements
204 =item PODs: Embedded Documentation
206 =item Plain Old Comments (Not!)
212 =head2 perldata - Perl data types
226 =item Scalar value constructors
228 =item List value constructors
234 =item Typeglobs and Filehandles
242 =head2 perlop - Perl operators and precedence
252 =item Terms and List Operators (Leftward)
254 =item The Arrow Operator
256 =item Auto-increment and Auto-decrement
260 =item Symbolic Unary Operators
262 =item Binding Operators
264 =item Multiplicative Operators
266 =item Additive Operators
268 =item Shift Operators
270 =item Named Unary Operators
272 =item Relational Operators
274 =item Equality Operators
278 =item Bitwise Or and Exclusive Or
280 =item C-style Logical And
282 =item C-style Logical Or
284 =item C-style Logical Defined-Or
286 =item Range Operators
288 =item Conditional Operator
290 =item Assignment Operators
294 =item List Operators (Rightward)
300 =item Logical or, Defined or, and Exclusive Or
302 =item C Operators Missing From Perl
304 unary &, unary *, (TYPE)
306 =item Quote and Quote-like Operators
308 =item Regexp Quote-Like Operators
310 ?PATTERN?, m/PATTERN/cgimosx, /PATTERN/cgimosx, q/STRING/, C<'STRING'>,
311 qq/STRING/, "STRING", qr/STRING/imosx, qx/STRING/, `STRING`, qw/STRING/,
312 s/PATTERN/REPLACEMENT/egimosx, tr/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds,
313 y/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds, <<EOF
315 =item Gory details of parsing quoted constructs
317 Finding the end, Removal of backslashes before delimiters, Interpolation,
318 C<<<'EOF'>, C<m''>, C<s'''>, C<tr///>, C<y///>, C<''>, C<q//>, C<"">,
319 C<``>, C<qq//>, C<qx//>, C<< <file*glob> >>, C<?RE?>, C</RE/>, C<m/RE/>,
320 C<s/RE/foo/>,, Interpolation of regular expressions, Optimization of
325 =item Constant Folding
327 =item Bitwise String Operators
329 =item Integer Arithmetic
331 =item Floating-point Arithmetic
339 =head2 perlsub - Perl subroutines
349 =item Private Variables via my()
351 =item Persistent Private Variables
353 =item Temporary Values via local()
355 =item Lvalue subroutines
357 Lvalue subroutines are EXPERIMENTAL
359 =item Passing Symbol Table Entries (typeglobs)
361 =item When to Still Use local()
363 =item Pass by Reference
367 =item Constant Functions
369 =item Overriding Built-in Functions
373 =item Subroutine Attributes
381 =head2 perlfunc - Perl builtin functions
389 =item Perl Functions by Category
391 Functions for SCALARs or strings, Regular expressions and pattern matching,
392 Numeric functions, Functions for real @ARRAYs, Functions for list data,
393 Functions for real %HASHes, Input and output functions, Functions for fixed
394 length data or records, Functions for filehandles, files, or directories,
395 Keywords related to the control flow of your perl program, Keywords related
396 to scoping, Miscellaneous functions, Functions for processes and process
397 groups, Keywords related to perl modules, Keywords related to classes and
398 object-orientedness, Low-level socket functions, System V interprocess
399 communication functions, Fetching user and group info, Fetching network
400 info, Time-related functions, Functions new in perl5, Functions obsoleted
405 =item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions
407 -I<X> FILEHANDLE, -I<X> EXPR, -I<X>, abs VALUE, abs, accept
408 NEWSOCKET,GENERICSOCKET, alarm SECONDS, alarm, atan2 Y,X, bind SOCKET,NAME,
409 binmode FILEHANDLE, LAYER, binmode FILEHANDLE, bless REF,CLASSNAME, bless
410 REF, caller EXPR, caller, chdir EXPR, chmod LIST, chomp VARIABLE, chomp(
411 LIST ), chomp, chop VARIABLE, chop( LIST ), chop, chown LIST, chr NUMBER,
412 chr, chroot FILENAME, chroot, close FILEHANDLE, close, closedir DIRHANDLE,
413 connect SOCKET,NAME, continue BLOCK, cos EXPR, cos, crypt PLAINTEXT,SALT,
414 dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MASK, defined EXPR, defined, delete
415 EXPR, die LIST, do BLOCK, do SUBROUTINE(LIST), do EXPR, dump LABEL, dump,
416 each HASH, eof FILEHANDLE, eof (), eof, eval EXPR, eval BLOCK, exec LIST,
417 exec PROGRAM LIST, exists EXPR, exit EXPR, exp EXPR, exp, fcntl
418 FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, fileno FILEHANDLE, flock FILEHANDLE,OPERATION,
419 fork, format, formline PICTURE,LIST, getc FILEHANDLE, getc, getlogin,
420 getpeername SOCKET, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority WHICH,WHO, getpwnam
421 NAME, getgrnam NAME, gethostbyname NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getprotobyname
422 NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getservbyname NAME,PROTO, gethostbyaddr
423 ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER,
424 getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent, gethostent, getnetent,
425 getprotoent, getservent, setpwent, setgrent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent
426 STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent,
427 endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent, endservent, getsockname SOCKET,
428 getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, glob, gmtime EXPR, goto LABEL,
429 goto EXPR, goto &NAME, grep BLOCK LIST, grep EXPR,LIST, hex EXPR, hex,
430 import, index STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, index STR,SUBSTR, int EXPR, int, ioctl
431 FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, join EXPR,LIST, keys HASH, kill SIGNAL, LIST,
432 last LABEL, last, lc EXPR, lc, lcfirst EXPR, lcfirst, length EXPR, length,
433 link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, listen SOCKET,QUEUESIZE, local EXPR, localtime EXPR,
434 lock THING, log EXPR, log, lstat EXPR, lstat, m//, map BLOCK LIST, map
435 EXPR,LIST, mkdir FILENAME,MASK, mkdir FILENAME, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget
436 KEY,FLAGS, msgrcv ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS, my EXPR, my
437 TYPE EXPR, my EXPR : ATTRS, my TYPE EXPR : ATTRS, next LABEL, next, no
438 Module VERSION LIST, no Module VERSION, no Module LIST, no Module, oct
439 EXPR, oct, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR, open
440 FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR,LIST, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,REFERENCE, open FILEHANDLE,
441 opendir DIRHANDLE,EXPR, ord EXPR, ord, our EXPR, our EXPR TYPE, our EXPR :
442 ATTRS, our TYPE EXPR : ATTRS, pack TEMPLATE,LIST, package NAMESPACE,
443 package, pipe READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, pop ARRAY, pop, pos SCALAR, pos,
444 print FILEHANDLE LIST, print LIST, print, printf FILEHANDLE FORMAT, LIST,
445 printf FORMAT, LIST, prototype FUNCTION, push ARRAY,LIST, q/STRING/,
446 qq/STRING/, qr/STRING/, qx/STRING/, qw/STRING/, quotemeta EXPR, quotemeta,
447 rand EXPR, rand, read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, read
448 FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, readdir DIRHANDLE, readline EXPR, readlink EXPR,
449 readlink, readpipe EXPR, recv SOCKET,SCALAR,LENGTH,FLAGS, redo LABEL, redo,
450 ref EXPR, ref, rename OLDNAME,NEWNAME, require VERSION, require EXPR,
451 require, reset EXPR, reset, return EXPR, return, reverse LIST, rewinddir
452 DIRHANDLE, rindex STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, rindex STR,SUBSTR, rmdir FILENAME,
453 rmdir, s///, scalar EXPR, seek FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, seekdir
454 DIRHANDLE,POS, select FILEHANDLE, select, select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT,
455 semctl ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, send
456 SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS,TO, send SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS, setpgrp PID,PGRP, setpriority
457 WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shift ARRAY,
458 shift, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS, shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE,
459 shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, shutdown SOCKET,HOW, sin EXPR, sin, sleep
460 EXPR, sleep, socket SOCKET,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, socketpair
461 SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, sort SUBNAME LIST, sort BLOCK LIST,
462 sort LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,
463 splice ARRAY,OFFSET, splice ARRAY, split /PATTERN/,EXPR,LIMIT, split
464 /PATTERN/,EXPR, split /PATTERN/, split, sprintf FORMAT, LIST, format
465 parameter index, flags, vector flag, (minimum) width, precision, or maximum
466 width, size, order of arguments, sqrt EXPR, sqrt, srand EXPR, srand, stat
467 FILEHANDLE, stat EXPR, stat, study SCALAR, study, sub NAME BLOCK, sub NAME
468 (PROTO) BLOCK, sub NAME : ATTRS BLOCK, sub NAME (PROTO) : ATTRS BLOCK,
469 substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH,REPLACEMENT, substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH, substr
470 EXPR,OFFSET, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen
471 FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE, sysopen FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, sysread
472 FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, sysread FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, sysseek
473 FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, system LIST, system PROGRAM LIST, syswrite
474 FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,
475 syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR, tell FILEHANDLE, tell, telldir DIRHANDLE, tie
476 VARIABLE,CLASSNAME,LIST, tied VARIABLE, time, times, tr///, truncate
477 FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, uc EXPR, uc, ucfirst EXPR,
478 ucfirst, umask EXPR, umask, undef EXPR, undef, unlink LIST, unlink, unpack
479 TEMPLATE,EXPR, unpack TEMPLATE, untie VARIABLE, unshift ARRAY,LIST, use
480 Module VERSION LIST, use Module VERSION, use Module LIST, use Module, use
481 VERSION, utime LIST, values HASH, vec EXPR,OFFSET,BITS, wait, waitpid
482 PID,FLAGS, wantarray, warn LIST, write FILEHANDLE, write EXPR, write, y///
488 =head2 perlreftut - Mark's very short tutorial about references
494 =item Who Needs Complicated Data Structures?
502 =item Making References
504 =item Using References
522 =item Distribution Conditions
528 =head2 perldsc - Perl Data Structures Cookbook
534 arrays of arrays, hashes of arrays, arrays of hashes, hashes of hashes,
535 more elaborate constructs
539 =item COMMON MISTAKES
541 =item CAVEAT ON PRECEDENCE
543 =item WHY YOU SHOULD ALWAYS C<use strict>
549 =item ARRAYS OF ARRAYS
553 =item Declaration of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
555 =item Generation of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
557 =item Access and Printing of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
561 =item HASHES OF ARRAYS
565 =item Declaration of a HASH OF ARRAYS
567 =item Generation of a HASH OF ARRAYS
569 =item Access and Printing of a HASH OF ARRAYS
573 =item ARRAYS OF HASHES
577 =item Declaration of an ARRAY OF HASHES
579 =item Generation of an ARRAY OF HASHES
581 =item Access and Printing of an ARRAY OF HASHES
585 =item HASHES OF HASHES
589 =item Declaration of a HASH OF HASHES
591 =item Generation of a HASH OF HASHES
593 =item Access and Printing of a HASH OF HASHES
597 =item MORE ELABORATE RECORDS
601 =item Declaration of MORE ELABORATE RECORDS
603 =item Declaration of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS
605 =item Generation of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS
617 =head2 perlrequick - Perl regular expressions quick start
627 =item Simple word matching
629 =item Using character classes
631 =item Matching this or that
633 =item Grouping things and hierarchical matching
635 =item Extracting matches
637 =item Matching repetitions
641 =item Search and replace
643 =item The split operator
651 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
655 =item Acknowledgments
661 =head2 perlpod - the Plain Old Documentation format
669 =item Ordinary Paragraph
671 =item Verbatim Paragraph
673 =item Command Paragraph
675 C<=head1 I<Heading Text>>, C<=head2 I<Heading Text>>, C<=head3 I<Heading
676 Text>>, C<=head4 I<Heading Text>>, C<=over I<indentlevel>>, C<=item
677 I<stuff...>>, C<=back>, C<=cut>, C<=pod>, C<=begin I<formatname>>, C<=end
678 I<formatname>>, C<=for I<formatname> I<text...>>
680 =item Formatting Codes
682 C<IE<lt>textE<gt>> -- italic text, C<BE<lt>textE<gt>> -- bold text,
683 C<CE<lt>codeE<gt>> -- code text, C<LE<lt>nameE<gt>> -- a hyperlink,
684 C<EE<lt>escapeE<gt>> -- a character escape, C<FE<lt>filenameE<gt>> -- used
685 for filenames, C<SE<lt>textE<gt>> -- text contains non-breaking spaces,
686 C<XE<lt>topic nameE<gt>> -- an index entry, C<ZE<lt>E<gt>> -- a null
687 (zero-effect) formatting code
691 =item Embedding Pods in Perl Modules
693 =item Hints for Writing Pod
703 =head2 perlpodspec - Plain Old Documentation: format specification and
710 =item Pod Definitions
714 "=head1", "=head2", "=head3", "=head4", "=pod", "=cut", "=over", "=item",
715 "=back", "=begin formatname", "=end formatname", "=for formatname text..."
717 =item Pod Formatting Codes
719 C<IE<lt>textE<gt>> -- italic text, C<BE<lt>textE<gt>> -- bold text,
720 C<CE<lt>codeE<gt>> -- code text, C<FE<lt>filenameE<gt>> -- style for
721 filenames, C<XE<lt>topic nameE<gt>> -- an index entry, C<ZE<lt>E<gt>> -- a
722 null (zero-effect) formatting code, C<LE<lt>nameE<gt>> -- a hyperlink,
723 C<EE<lt>escapeE<gt>> -- a character escape, C<SE<lt>textE<gt>> -- text
724 contains non-breaking spaces
726 =item Notes on Implementing Pod Processors
728 =item About LE<lt>...E<gt> Codes
730 First:, Second:, Third:, Fourth:, Fifth:, Sixth:
732 =item About =over...=back Regions
734 =item About Data Paragraphs and "=begin/=end" Regions
742 =head2 perlstyle - Perl style guide
750 =head2 perltrap - Perl traps for the unwary
768 =item Perl4 to Perl5 Traps
770 Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps, Parsing Traps, Numerical
771 Traps, General data type traps, Context Traps - scalar, list contexts,
772 Precedence Traps, General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc,
773 Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps, OS Traps, DBM Traps, Unclassified Traps
775 =item Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps
777 Discontinuance, Deprecation, BugFix, Discontinuance, Discontinuance,
778 Discontinuance, BugFix, Discontinuance, Discontinuance, BugFix,
779 Discontinuance, Deprecation, Discontinuance, Discontinuance
783 Parsing, Parsing, Parsing, Parsing, Parsing
785 =item Numerical Traps
787 Numerical, Numerical, Numerical, Bitwise string ops
789 =item General data type traps
791 (Arrays), (Arrays), (Hashes), (Globs), (Globs), (Scalar String),
792 (Constants), (Scalars), (Variable Suicide)
794 =item Context Traps - scalar, list contexts
796 (list context), (scalar context), (scalar context), (list, builtin)
798 =item Precedence Traps
800 Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence,
803 =item General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc.
805 Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular
806 Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression,
807 Regular Expression, Regular Expression
809 =item Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps
811 (Signals), (Sort Subroutine), warn() won't let you specify a filehandle
817 =item Interpolation Traps
819 Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation,
820 Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation
826 =item Unclassified Traps
828 C<require>/C<do> trap using returned value, C<split> on empty string with
835 =head2 perlrun - how to execute the Perl interpreter
845 =item #! and quoting on non-Unix systems
847 OS/2, MS-DOS, Win95/NT, Macintosh, VMS
849 =item Location of Perl
851 =item Command Switches
853 B<-0>[I<octal/hexadecimal>], B<-A [I<assertions>]>, B<-a>, B<-C
854 [I<number/list>]>, B<-c>, B<-d>, B<-d:>I<foo[=bar,baz]>, B<-D>I<letters>,
855 B<-D>I<number>, B<-e> I<commandline>, B<-F>I<pattern>, B<-h>,
856 B<-i>[I<extension>], B<-I>I<directory>, B<-l>[I<octnum>],
857 B<-m>[B<->]I<module>, B<-M>[B<->]I<module>, B<-M>[B<->]I<'module ...'>,
858 B<-[mM]>[B<->]I<module=arg[,arg]...>, B<-n>, B<-p>, B<-P>, B<-s>, B<-S>,
859 B<-t>, B<-T>, B<-u>, B<-U>, B<-v>, B<-V>, B<-V:>I<name>, B<-w>, B<-W>,
860 B<-X>, B<-x> I<directory>
866 HOME, LOGDIR, PATH, PERL5LIB, PERL5OPT, PERLIO, :bytes, :crlf, :mmap,
867 :perlio, :pop, :raw, :stdio, :unix, :utf8, :win32, PERLIO_DEBUG, PERLLIB,
868 PERL5DB, PERL5SHELL (specific to the Win32 port), PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS,
869 PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL, PERL_ENCODING, PERL_HASH_SEED, PERL_HASH_SEED_DEBUG,
870 PERL_ROOT (specific to the VMS port), PERL_SIGNALS, PERL_UNICODE, SYS$LOGIN
871 (specific to the VMS port)
875 =head2 perldiag - various Perl diagnostics
883 =head2 perllexwarn - Perl Lexical Warnings
891 =item Default Warnings and Optional Warnings
893 =item What's wrong with B<-w> and C<$^W>
895 =item Controlling Warnings from the Command Line
899 =item Backward Compatibility
901 =item Category Hierarchy
905 =item Reporting Warnings from a Module
917 =head2 perldebtut - Perl debugging tutorial
925 =item Looking at data and -w and v
929 =item Stepping through code
931 =item Placeholder for a, w, t, T
933 =item REGULAR EXPRESSIONS
951 =head2 perldebug - Perl debugging
957 =item The Perl Debugger
961 =item Debugger Commands
963 h, h [command], h h, p expr, x [maxdepth] expr, V [pkg [vars]], X [vars], y
964 [level [vars]], T, s [expr], n [expr], r, <CR>, c [line|sub], l, l
965 min+incr, l min-max, l line, l subname, -, v [line], f filename, /pattern/,
966 ?pattern?, L [abw], S [[!]regex], t, t expr, b, b [line] [condition], b
967 subname [condition], b postpone subname [condition], b load filename, b
968 compile subname, B line, B *, a [line] command, A line, A *, w expr, W
969 expr, W *, o, o booloption .., o anyoption? .., o option=value .., < ?, < [
970 command ], < *, << command, > ?, > command, > *, >> command, { ?, { [
971 command ], { *, {{ command, ! number, ! -number, ! pattern, !! cmd, source
972 file, H -number, q or ^D, R, |dbcmd, ||dbcmd, command, m expr, M, man
975 =item Configurable Options
977 C<recallCommand>, C<ShellBang>, C<pager>, C<tkRunning>, C<signalLevel>,
978 C<warnLevel>, C<dieLevel>, C<AutoTrace>, C<LineInfo>, C<inhibit_exit>,
979 C<PrintRet>, C<ornaments>, C<frame>, C<maxTraceLen>, C<windowSize>,
980 C<arrayDepth>, C<hashDepth>, C<dumpDepth>, C<compactDump>, C<veryCompact>,
981 C<globPrint>, C<DumpDBFiles>, C<DumpPackages>, C<DumpReused>, C<quote>,
982 C<HighBit>, C<undefPrint>, C<UsageOnly>, C<TTY>, C<noTTY>, C<ReadLine>,
985 =item Debugger input/output
987 Prompt, Multiline commands, Stack backtrace, Line Listing Format, Frame
990 =item Debugging compile-time statements
992 =item Debugger Customization
994 =item Readline Support
996 =item Editor Support for Debugging
998 =item The Perl Profiler
1002 =item Debugging regular expressions
1004 =item Debugging memory usage
1012 =head2 perlvar - Perl predefined variables
1020 =item Predefined Names
1022 $ARG, $_, $a, $b, $<I<digits>>, $MATCH, $&, $PREMATCH, $`, $POSTMATCH, $',
1023 $LAST_PAREN_MATCH, $+, $^N, @LAST_MATCH_END, @+,
1024 HANDLE->input_line_number(EXPR), $INPUT_LINE_NUMBER, $NR, $,
1025 IO::Handle->input_record_separator(EXPR), $INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $RS, $/,
1026 HANDLE->autoflush(EXPR), $OUTPUT_AUTOFLUSH, $|,
1027 IO::Handle->output_field_separator EXPR, $OUTPUT_FIELD_SEPARATOR, $OFS, $,,
1028 IO::Handle->output_record_separator EXPR, $OUTPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $ORS,
1029 $\, $LIST_SEPARATOR, $", $SUBSCRIPT_SEPARATOR, $SUBSEP, $;, $OFMT, $#,
1030 HANDLE->format_page_number(EXPR), $FORMAT_PAGE_NUMBER, $%,
1031 HANDLE->format_lines_per_page(EXPR), $FORMAT_LINES_PER_PAGE, $=,
1032 HANDLE->format_lines_left(EXPR), $FORMAT_LINES_LEFT, $-, @LAST_MATCH_START,
1033 @-, C<$`> is the same as C<substr($var, 0, $-[0])>, C<$&> is the same as
1034 C<substr($var, $-[0], $+[0] - $-[0])>, C<$'> is the same as C<substr($var,
1035 $+[0])>, C<$1> is the same as C<substr($var, $-[1], $+[1] - $-[1])>, C<$2>
1036 is the same as C<substr($var, $-[2], $+[2] - $-[2])>, C<$3> is the same as
1037 C<substr $var, $-[3], $+[3] - $-[3])>, HANDLE->format_name(EXPR),
1038 $FORMAT_NAME, $~, HANDLE->format_top_name(EXPR), $FORMAT_TOP_NAME, $^,
1039 IO::Handle->format_line_break_characters EXPR,
1040 $FORMAT_LINE_BREAK_CHARACTERS, $:, IO::Handle->format_formfeed EXPR,
1041 $FORMAT_FORMFEED, $^L, $ACCUMULATOR, $^A, $CHILD_ERROR, $?, ${^ENCODING},
1042 $OS_ERROR, $ERRNO, $!, %!, $EXTENDED_OS_ERROR, $^E, $EVAL_ERROR, $@,
1043 $PROCESS_ID, $PID, $$, $REAL_USER_ID, $UID, $<, $EFFECTIVE_USER_ID, $EUID,
1044 $>, $REAL_GROUP_ID, $GID, $(, $EFFECTIVE_GROUP_ID, $EGID, $),
1045 $PROGRAM_NAME, $0, $[, $], $COMPILING, $^C, $DEBUGGING, $^D,
1046 $SYSTEM_FD_MAX, $^F, $^H, %^H, $INPLACE_EDIT, $^I, $^M, $OSNAME, $^O,
1047 ${^OPEN}, $PERLDB, $^P, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80,
1048 0x100, 0x200, 0x400, $LAST_REGEXP_CODE_RESULT, $^R,
1049 $EXCEPTIONS_BEING_CAUGHT, $^S, $BASETIME, $^T, ${^TAINT}, ${^UNICODE},
1050 $PERL_VERSION, $^V, $WARNING, $^W, ${^WARNING_BITS}, $EXECUTABLE_NAME, $^X,
1051 ARGV, $ARGV, @ARGV, ARGVOUT, @F, @INC, @_, %INC, %ENV, $ENV{expr}, %SIG,
1054 =item Error Indicators
1056 =item Technical Note on the Syntax of Variable Names
1064 =head2 perllol - Manipulating Arrays of Arrays in Perl
1072 =item Declaration and Access of Arrays of Arrays
1074 =item Growing Your Own
1076 =item Access and Printing
1088 =head2 perlopentut - tutorial on opening things in Perl
1094 =item Open E<agrave> la shell
1100 =item Indirect Filehandles
1104 =item The Minus File
1106 =item Mixing Reads and Writes
1112 =item Open E<agrave> la C
1116 =item Permissions E<agrave> la mode
1120 =item Obscure Open Tricks
1124 =item Re-Opening Files (dups)
1126 =item Dispelling the Dweomer
1128 =item Paths as Opens
1130 =item Single Argument Open
1132 =item Playing with STDIN and STDOUT
1136 =item Other I/O Issues
1140 =item Opening Non-File Files
1142 =item Opening Named Pipes
1144 =item Opening Sockets
1156 =item AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT
1162 =head2 perlpacktut - tutorial on C<pack> and C<unpack>
1168 =item The Basic Principle
1172 =item Packing Numbers
1178 =item Unpacking a Stack Frame
1180 =item How to Eat an Egg on a Net
1182 =item Floating point Numbers
1186 =item Exotic Templates
1198 =item Another Portable Binary Encoding
1202 =item Template Grouping
1204 =item Lengths and Widths
1208 =item String Lengths
1210 =item Dynamic Templates
1212 =item Counting Repetitions
1216 =item Packing and Unpacking C Structures
1220 =item The Alignment Pit
1222 =item Alignment, Take 2
1224 =item Alignment, Take 3
1226 =item Pointers for How to Use Them
1232 =item Funnies Section
1238 =head2 perlretut - Perl regular expressions tutorial
1244 =item Part 1: The basics
1248 =item Simple word matching
1250 =item Using character classes
1252 =item Matching this or that
1254 =item Grouping things and hierarchical matching
1256 =item Extracting matches
1258 =item Matching repetitions
1260 =item Building a regexp
1262 =item Using regular expressions in Perl
1266 =item Part 2: Power tools
1270 =item More on characters, strings, and character classes
1272 =item Compiling and saving regular expressions
1274 =item Embedding comments and modifiers in a regular expression
1276 =item Non-capturing groupings
1278 =item Looking ahead and looking behind
1280 =item Using independent subexpressions to prevent backtracking
1282 =item Conditional expressions
1284 =item A bit of magic: executing Perl code in a regular expression
1286 =item Pragmas and debugging
1294 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1298 =item Acknowledgments
1304 =head2 perlre - Perl regular expressions
1314 =item Regular Expressions
1316 [1], [2], [3], cntrl, graph, print, punct, xdigit
1318 =item Extended Patterns
1320 C<(?#text)>, C<(?imsx-imsx)>, C<(?:pattern)>, C<(?imsx-imsx:pattern)>,
1321 C<(?=pattern)>, C<(?!pattern)>, C<(?<=pattern)>, C<(?<!pattern)>, C<(?{
1322 code })>, C<(??{ code })>, C<< (?>pattern) >>,
1323 C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)>, C<(?(condition)yes-pattern)>
1327 =item Version 8 Regular Expressions
1329 =item Warning on \1 vs $1
1331 =item Repeated patterns matching zero-length substring
1333 =item Combining pieces together
1335 C<ST>, C<S|T>, C<S{REPEAT_COUNT}>, C<S{min,max}>, C<S{min,max}?>, C<S?>,
1336 C<S*>, C<S+>, C<S??>, C<S*?>, C<S+?>, C<< (?>S) >>, C<(?=S)>, C<(?<=S)>,
1337 C<(?!S)>, C<(?<!S)>, C<(??{ EXPR })>,
1338 C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)>
1340 =item Creating custom RE engines
1350 =head2 perlreref - Perl Regular Expressions Reference
1362 =item ESCAPE SEQUENCES
1364 =item CHARACTER CLASSES
1370 =item EXTENDED CONSTRUCTS
1386 =head2 perlref - Perl references and nested data structures
1396 =item Making References
1398 =item Using References
1400 =item Symbolic references
1402 =item Not-so-symbolic references
1404 =item Pseudo-hashes: Using an array as a hash
1406 =item Function Templates
1416 =head2 perlform - Perl formats
1424 =item Format Variables
1434 =item Accessing Formatting Internals
1442 =head2 perlboot - Beginner's Object-Oriented Tutorial
1450 =item If we could talk to the animals...
1452 =item Introducing the method invocation arrow
1454 =item Invoking a barnyard
1456 =item The extra parameter of method invocation
1458 =item Calling a second method to simplify things
1460 =item Inheriting the windpipes
1462 =item A few notes about @ISA
1464 =item Overriding the methods
1466 =item Starting the search from a different place
1468 =item The SUPER way of doing things
1470 =item Where we're at so far...
1472 =item A horse is a horse, of course of course -- or is it?
1474 =item Invoking an instance method
1476 =item Accessing the instance data
1478 =item How to build a horse
1480 =item Inheriting the constructor
1482 =item Making a method work with either classes or instances
1484 =item Adding parameters to a method
1486 =item More interesting instances
1488 =item A horse of a different color
1500 =head2 perltoot - Tom's object-oriented tutorial for perl
1506 =item Creating a Class
1510 =item Object Representation
1512 =item Class Interface
1514 =item Constructors and Instance Methods
1516 =item Planning for the Future: Better Constructors
1520 =item Other Object Methods
1528 =item Accessing Class Data
1530 =item Debugging Methods
1532 =item Class Destructors
1534 =item Documenting the Interface
1544 =item Overridden Methods
1546 =item Multiple Inheritance
1548 =item UNIVERSAL: The Root of All Objects
1552 =item Alternate Object Representations
1556 =item Arrays as Objects
1558 =item Closures as Objects
1562 =item AUTOLOAD: Proxy Methods
1566 =item Autoloaded Data Methods
1568 =item Inherited Autoloaded Data Methods
1572 =item Metaclassical Tools
1578 =item Data Members as Variables
1586 =item Object Terminology
1592 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1598 =item Acknowledgments
1604 =head2 perltooc - Tom's OO Tutorial for Class Data in Perl
1610 =item Class Data in a Can
1612 =item Class Data as Package Variables
1616 =item Putting All Your Eggs in One Basket
1618 =item Inheritance Concerns
1620 =item The Eponymous Meta-Object
1622 =item Indirect References to Class Data
1624 =item Monadic Classes
1626 =item Translucent Attributes
1630 =item Class Data as Lexical Variables
1634 =item Privacy and Responsibility
1636 =item File-Scoped Lexicals
1638 =item More Inheritance Concerns
1640 =item Locking the Door and Throwing Away the Key
1642 =item Translucency Revisited
1650 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1652 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
1658 =head2 perlobj - Perl objects
1666 =item An Object is Simply a Reference
1668 =item A Class is Simply a Package
1670 =item A Method is Simply a Subroutine
1672 =item Method Invocation
1674 =item Indirect Object Syntax
1676 =item Default UNIVERSAL methods
1678 isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] )
1684 =item Two-Phased Garbage Collection
1692 =head2 perlbot - Bag'o Object Tricks (the BOT)
1698 =item OO SCALING TIPS
1700 =item INSTANCE VARIABLES
1702 =item SCALAR INSTANCE VARIABLES
1704 =item INSTANCE VARIABLE INHERITANCE
1706 =item OBJECT RELATIONSHIPS
1708 =item OVERRIDING SUPERCLASS METHODS
1710 =item USING RELATIONSHIP WITH SDBM
1712 =item THINKING OF CODE REUSE
1714 =item CLASS CONTEXT AND THE OBJECT
1716 =item INHERITING A CONSTRUCTOR
1724 =head2 perltie - how to hide an object class in a simple variable
1736 TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, UNTIE this,
1741 TIEARRAY classname, LIST, FETCH this, index, STORE this, index, value,
1742 FETCHSIZE this, STORESIZE this, count, EXTEND this, count, EXISTS this,
1743 key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, PUSH this, LIST, POP this, SHIFT this,
1744 UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST, UNTIE this, DESTROY
1749 USER, HOME, CLOBBER, LIST, TIEHASH classname, LIST, FETCH this, key, STORE
1750 this, key, value, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, EXISTS this, key, FIRSTKEY
1751 this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, UNTIE this, DESTROY this
1753 =item Tying FileHandles
1755 TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, WRITE this, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this,
1756 LIST, READ this, LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, CLOSE this, UNTIE this,
1761 =item The C<untie> Gotcha
1773 =head2 perlipc - Perl interprocess communication (signals, fifos, pipes,
1774 safe subprocesses, sockets, and semaphores)
1784 =item Handling the SIGHUP Signal in Daemons
1792 =item Deferred Signals (Safe signals)
1794 Long running opcodes, Interrupting IO, Restartable system calls, Signals as
1795 "faults", Signals triggered by operating system state
1799 =item Using open() for IPC
1805 =item Background Processes
1807 =item Complete Dissociation of Child from Parent
1809 =item Safe Pipe Opens
1811 =item Bidirectional Communication with Another Process
1813 =item Bidirectional Communication with Yourself
1817 =item Sockets: Client/Server Communication
1821 =item Internet Line Terminators
1823 =item Internet TCP Clients and Servers
1825 =item Unix-Domain TCP Clients and Servers
1829 =item TCP Clients with IO::Socket
1833 =item A Simple Client
1835 C<Proto>, C<PeerAddr>, C<PeerPort>
1837 =item A Webget Client
1839 =item Interactive Client with IO::Socket
1843 =item TCP Servers with IO::Socket
1845 Proto, LocalPort, Listen, Reuse
1847 =item UDP: Message Passing
1861 =head2 perlfork - Perl's fork() emulation
1871 =item Behavior of other Perl features in forked pseudo-processes
1873 $$ or $PROCESS_ID, %ENV, chdir() and all other builtins that accept
1874 filenames, wait() and waitpid(), kill(), exec(), exit(), Open handles to
1875 files, directories and network sockets
1877 =item Resource limits
1879 =item Killing the parent process
1881 =item Lifetime of the parent process and pseudo-processes
1883 =item CAVEATS AND LIMITATIONS
1885 BEGIN blocks, Open filehandles, Forking pipe open() not yet implemented,
1886 Global state maintained by XSUBs, Interpreter embedded in larger
1887 application, Thread-safety of extensions
1899 =head2 perlnumber - semantics of numbers and numeric operations in Perl
1907 =item Storing numbers
1909 =item Numeric operators and numeric conversions
1911 =item Flavors of Perl numeric operations
1913 Arithmetic operators, ++, Arithmetic operators during C<use integer>, Other
1914 mathematical operators, Bitwise operators, Bitwise operators during C<use
1915 integer>, Operators which expect an integer, Operators which expect a
1924 =head2 perlthrtut - tutorial on threads in Perl
1932 =item What Is A Thread Anyway?
1934 =item Threaded Program Models
1946 =item What kind of threads are Perl threads?
1948 =item Thread-Safe Modules
1954 =item Basic Thread Support
1956 =item A Note about the Examples
1958 =item Creating Threads
1960 =item Waiting For A Thread To Exit
1962 =item Ignoring A Thread
1966 =item Threads And Data
1970 =item Shared And Unshared Data
1972 =item Thread Pitfalls: Races
1976 =item Synchronization and control
1980 =item Controlling access: lock()
1982 =item A Thread Pitfall: Deadlocks
1984 =item Queues: Passing Data Around
1986 =item Semaphores: Synchronizing Data Access
1988 =item Basic semaphores
1990 =item Advanced Semaphores
1992 =item cond_wait() and cond_signal()
1994 =item Giving up control
1998 =item General Thread Utility Routines
2002 =item What Thread Am I In?
2006 =item Are These Threads The Same?
2008 =item What Threads Are Running?
2012 =item A Complete Example
2014 =item Different implementations of threads
2016 =item Performance considerations
2018 =item Process-scope Changes
2020 =item Thread-Safety of System Libraries
2028 =item Introductory Texts
2030 =item OS-Related References
2032 =item Other References
2036 =item Acknowledgements
2044 =head2 perlothrtut - old tutorial on threads in Perl
2050 =item What Is A Thread Anyway?
2052 =item Threaded Program Models
2064 =item Native threads
2066 =item What kind of threads are perl threads?
2068 =item Threadsafe Modules
2074 =item Basic Thread Support
2076 =item Creating Threads
2078 =item Giving up control
2080 =item Waiting For A Thread To Exit
2082 =item Errors In Threads
2084 =item Ignoring A Thread
2088 =item Threads And Data
2092 =item Shared And Unshared Data
2094 =item Thread Pitfall: Races
2096 =item Controlling access: lock()
2098 =item Thread Pitfall: Deadlocks
2100 =item Queues: Passing Data Around
2104 =item Threads And Code
2108 =item Semaphores: Synchronizing Data Access
2110 Basic semaphores, Advanced Semaphores
2112 =item Attributes: Restricting Access To Subroutines
2114 =item Subroutine Locks
2118 =item Locking A Subroutine
2122 =item General Thread Utility Routines
2126 =item What Thread Am I In?
2130 =item Are These Threads The Same?
2132 =item What Threads Are Running?
2136 =item A Complete Example
2144 =item Introductory Texts
2146 =item OS-Related References
2148 =item Other References
2152 =item Acknowledgements
2160 =head2 perlport - Writing portable Perl
2166 Not all Perl programs have to be portable, Nearly all of Perl already I<is>
2175 =item Numbers endianness and Width
2177 =item Files and Filesystems
2179 =item System Interaction
2181 =item Command names versus file pathnames
2185 =item Interprocess Communication (IPC)
2187 =item External Subroutines (XS)
2189 =item Standard Modules
2193 =item Character sets and character encoding
2195 =item Internationalisation
2197 =item System Resources
2207 Mailing list: cpan-testers@perl.org, Testing results:
2208 http://testers.cpan.org/
2216 =item DOS and Derivatives
2224 =item EBCDIC Platforms
2232 =item FUNCTION IMPLEMENTATIONS
2236 =item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions
2238 -I<X> FILEHANDLE, -I<X> EXPR, -I<X>, alarm SECONDS, alarm, binmode
2239 FILEHANDLE, chmod LIST, chown LIST, chroot FILENAME, chroot, crypt
2240 PLAINTEXT,SALT, dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MODE, dump LABEL, exec
2241 LIST, exit EXPR, exit, fcntl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, flock
2242 FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, fork, getlogin, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority
2243 WHICH,WHO, getpwnam NAME, getgrnam NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getpwuid UID,
2244 getgrgid GID, getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER,
2245 getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent, gethostbyname, gethostent,
2246 getnetent, getprotoent, getservent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent
2247 STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent,
2248 endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent, endservent, getsockopt
2249 SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, glob, ioctl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR,
2250 kill SIGNAL, LIST, link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, lstat FILEHANDLE, lstat EXPR,
2251 lstat, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget KEY,FLAGS, msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS, msgrcv
2252 ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE, pipe
2253 READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, readlink EXPR, readlink, select
2254 RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, semctl ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget
2255 KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, setgrent, setpgrp PID,PGRP,
2256 setpriority WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setpwent, setsockopt
2257 SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS,
2258 shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE, shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, sockatmark SOCKET,
2259 socketpair SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, stat FILEHANDLE, stat
2260 EXPR, stat, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen
2261 FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, system LIST, times, truncate
2262 FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, umask EXPR, umask, utime LIST,
2263 wait, waitpid PID,FLAGS
2269 v1.49, 12 August 2002, v1.48, 02 February 2001, v1.47, 22 March 2000,
2270 v1.46, 12 February 2000, v1.45, 20 December 1999, v1.44, 19 July 1999,
2271 v1.43, 24 May 1999, v1.42, 22 May 1999, v1.41, 19 May 1999, v1.40, 11 April
2272 1999, v1.39, 11 February 1999, v1.38, 31 December 1998, v1.37, 19 December
2273 1998, v1.36, 9 September 1998, v1.35, 13 August 1998, v1.33, 06 August
2274 1998, v1.32, 05 August 1998, v1.30, 03 August 1998, v1.23, 10 July 1998
2276 =item Supported Platforms
2280 =item AUTHORS / CONTRIBUTORS
2284 =head2 perllocale - Perl locale handling (internationalization and
2291 =item PREPARING TO USE LOCALES
2297 =item The use locale pragma
2299 =item The setlocale function
2301 =item Finding locales
2303 =item LOCALE PROBLEMS
2305 =item Temporarily fixing locale problems
2307 =item Permanently fixing locale problems
2309 =item Permanently fixing your system's locale configuration
2311 =item Fixing system locale configuration
2313 =item The localeconv function
2315 =item I18N::Langinfo
2319 =item LOCALE CATEGORIES
2323 =item Category LC_COLLATE: Collation
2325 =item Category LC_CTYPE: Character Types
2327 =item Category LC_NUMERIC: Numeric Formatting
2329 =item Category LC_MONETARY: Formatting of monetary amounts
2333 =item Other categories
2341 PERL_BADLANG, LC_ALL, LANGUAGE, LC_CTYPE, LC_COLLATE, LC_MONETARY,
2342 LC_NUMERIC, LC_TIME, LANG
2348 =item Backward compatibility
2350 =item I18N:Collate obsolete
2352 =item Sort speed and memory use impacts
2354 =item write() and LC_NUMERIC
2356 =item Freely available locale definitions
2360 =item An imperfect standard
2364 =item Unicode and UTF-8
2370 =item Broken systems
2380 =head2 perluniintro - Perl Unicode introduction
2390 =item Perl's Unicode Support
2392 =item Perl's Unicode Model
2394 =item Unicode and EBCDIC
2396 =item Creating Unicode
2398 =item Handling Unicode
2400 =item Legacy Encodings
2404 =item Displaying Unicode As Text
2408 =item Advanced Topics
2412 =item Questions With Answers
2414 =item Hexadecimal Notation
2416 =item Further Resources
2420 =item UNICODE IN OLDER PERLS
2424 =item ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
2426 =item AUTHOR, COPYRIGHT, AND LICENSE
2430 =head2 perlunicode - Unicode support in Perl
2438 =item Important Caveats
2440 Input and Output Layers, Regular Expressions, C<use utf8> still needed to
2441 enable UTF-8/UTF-EBCDIC in scripts
2443 =item Byte and Character Semantics
2445 =item Effects of Character Semantics
2451 =item User-Defined Character Properties
2453 =item Character Encodings for Input and Output
2455 =item Unicode Regular Expression Support Level
2457 =item Unicode Encodings
2459 =item Security Implications of Unicode
2461 =item Unicode in Perl on EBCDIC
2465 =item When Unicode Does Not Happen
2467 =item Forcing Unicode in Perl (Or Unforcing Unicode in Perl)
2469 =item Using Unicode in XS
2477 =item Interaction with Locales
2479 =item Interaction with Extensions
2483 =item Porting code from perl-5.6.X
2491 =head2 perlebcdic - Considerations for running Perl on EBCDIC platforms
2497 =item COMMON CHARACTER CODE SETS
2505 =item Latin 1 (ISO 8859-1)
2509 =item 13 variant characters
2517 =item Unicode code points versus EBCDIC code points
2519 =item Remaining Perl Unicode problems in EBCDIC
2521 =item Unicode and UTF
2527 =item SINGLE OCTET TABLES
2529 recipe 0, recipe 1, recipe 2, recipe 3, recipe 4, recipe 5, recipe 6
2531 =item IDENTIFYING CHARACTER CODE SETS
2545 =item OPERATOR DIFFERENCES
2547 =item FUNCTION DIFFERENCES
2549 chr(), ord(), pack(), print(), printf(), sort(), sprintf(), unpack()
2551 =item REGULAR EXPRESSION DIFFERENCES
2559 =item Ignore ASCII vs. EBCDIC sort differences.
2561 =item MONO CASE then sort data.
2563 =item Convert, sort data, then re convert.
2565 =item Perform sorting on one type of machine only.
2569 =item TRANSFORMATION FORMATS
2573 =item URL decoding and encoding
2575 =item uu encoding and decoding
2577 =item Quoted-Printable encoding and decoding
2579 =item Caesarian ciphers
2583 =item Hashing order and checksums
2587 =item MULTI OCTET CHARACTER SETS
2599 chcp, dataset access, OS/390, z/OS iconv, locales
2619 =head2 perlsec - Perl security
2627 =item Laundering and Detecting Tainted Data
2629 =item Switches On the "#!" Line
2631 =item Cleaning Up Your Path
2635 =item Protecting Your Programs
2639 =item Algorithmic Complexity Attacks
2647 =head2 perlmod - Perl modules (packages and symbol tables)
2659 =item Package Constructors and Destructors
2665 =item Making your module threadsafe
2673 =head2 perlmodinstall - Installing CPAN Modules
2683 B<DECOMPRESS> the file, B<UNPACK> the file into a directory, B<BUILD> the
2684 module (sometimes unnecessary), B<INSTALL> the module
2698 =head2 perlmodlib - constructing new Perl modules and finding existing ones
2702 =item THE PERL MODULE LIBRARY
2706 =item Pragmatic Modules
2708 assertions, assertions::activate, attributes, attrs, autouse, base, bigint,
2709 bignum, bigrat, blib, bytes, charnames, constant, diagnostics, encoding,
2710 fields, filetest, if, integer, less, lib, locale, open, ops, overload, re,
2711 sigtrap, sort, strict, subs, threads, threads::shared, utf8, vars, version,
2712 vmsish, warnings, warnings::register
2714 =item Standard Modules
2716 AnyDBM_File, Attribute::Handlers, AutoLoader, AutoSplit, B, B::Asmdata,
2717 B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Concise, B::Debug,
2718 B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex, B::Stackobj, B::Stash,
2719 B::Terse, B::Xref, Benchmark, ByteLoader, CGI, CGI::Apache, CGI::Carp,
2720 CGI::Cookie, CGI::Fast, CGI::Pretty, CGI::Push, CGI::Switch, CGI::Util,
2721 CPAN, CPAN::FirstTime, CPAN::Nox, Carp, Carp::Heavy, Class::ISA,
2722 Class::Struct, Config, Cwd, DB, DB_File, Data::Dumper, Devel::DProf,
2723 Devel::PPPort, Devel::Peek, Devel::SelfStubber, Digest, Digest::MD5,
2724 DirHandle, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, Encode, Encode::Alias, Encode::Byte,
2725 Encode::CJKConstants, Encode::CN, Encode::CN::HZ, Encode::Config,
2726 Encode::EBCDIC, Encode::Encoder, Encode::Encoding, Encode::Guess,
2727 Encode::JP, Encode::JP::H2Z, Encode::JP::JIS7, Encode::KR,
2728 Encode::KR::2022_KR, Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::PerlIO,
2729 Encode::Supported, Encode::Symbol, Encode::TW, Encode::Unicode,
2730 Encode::Unicode::UTF7, English, Env, Errno, Exporter, Exporter::Heavy,
2731 ExtUtils::Command, ExtUtils::Command::MM, ExtUtils::Constant,
2732 ExtUtils::Embed, ExtUtils::Install, ExtUtils::Installed, ExtUtils::Liblist,
2733 ExtUtils::MM, ExtUtils::MM_Any, ExtUtils::MM_BeOS, ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin,
2734 ExtUtils::MM_DOS, ExtUtils::MM_MacOS, ExtUtils::MM_NW5, ExtUtils::MM_OS2,
2735 ExtUtils::MM_UWIN, ExtUtils::MM_Unix, ExtUtils::MM_VMS, ExtUtils::MM_Win32,
2736 ExtUtils::MM_Win95, ExtUtils::MY, ExtUtils::MakeMaker,
2737 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::FAQ, ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Tutorial,
2738 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::bytes, ExtUtils::MakeMaker::vmsish,
2739 ExtUtils::Manifest, ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap, ExtUtils::Mksymlists,
2740 ExtUtils::Packlist, ExtUtils::testlib, Fatal, Fcntl, File::Basename,
2741 File::CheckTree, File::Compare, File::Copy, File::DosGlob, File::Find,
2742 File::Glob, File::Path, File::Spec, File::Spec::Cygwin, File::Spec::Epoc,
2743 File::Spec::Functions, File::Spec::Mac, File::Spec::OS2, File::Spec::Unix,
2744 File::Spec::VMS, File::Spec::Win32, File::Temp, File::stat, FileCache,
2745 FileHandle, Filter::Simple, Filter::Util::Call, FindBin, GDBM_File,
2746 Getopt::Long, Getopt::Std, Hash::Util, I18N::Collate, I18N::LangTags,
2747 I18N::LangTags::List, I18N::Langinfo, IO, IO::Dir, IO::File, IO::Handle,
2748 IO::Pipe, IO::Poll, IO::Seekable, IO::Select, IO::Socket, IO::Socket::INET,
2749 IO::Socket::UNIX, IPC::Open2, IPC::Open3, IPC::SysV, IPC::SysV::Msg,
2750 IPC::SysV::Semaphore, List::Util, Locale::Constants, Locale::Country,
2751 Locale::Currency, Locale::Language, Locale::Maketext,
2752 Locale::Maketext::TPJ13, Locale::Script, MIME::Base64,
2753 MIME::Base64::QuotedPrint, Math::BigFloat, Math::BigInt,
2754 Math::BigInt::Calc, Math::BigInt::Scalar, Math::BigRat, Math::Complex,
2755 Math::Trig, Memoize, Memoize::AnyDBM_File, Memoize::Expire,
2756 Memoize::ExpireFile, Memoize::ExpireTest, Memoize::NDBM_File,
2757 Memoize::SDBM_File, Memoize::Storable, NDBM_File, NEXT, Net::Cmd,
2758 Net::Config, Net::Domain, Net::FTP, Net::NNTP, Net::Netrc, Net::POP3,
2759 Net::Ping, Net::SMTP, Net::Time, Net::hostent, Net::libnetFAQ, Net::netent,
2760 Net::protoent, Net::servent, O, ODBM_File, Opcode, POSIX, PerlIO,
2761 PerlIO::encoding, PerlIO::scalar, PerlIO::via, PerlIO::via::QuotedPrint,
2762 Pod::Checker, Pod::Find, Pod::Functions, Pod::Html, Pod::InputObjects,
2763 Pod::LaTeX, Pod::Man, Pod::ParseLink, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Parser,
2764 Pod::Perldoc::ToChecker, Pod::Perldoc::ToMan, Pod::Perldoc::ToNroff,
2765 Pod::Perldoc::ToPod, Pod::Perldoc::ToRtf, Pod::Perldoc::ToText,
2766 Pod::Perldoc::ToTk, Pod::Perldoc::ToXml, Pod::PlainText, Pod::Plainer,
2767 Pod::Select, Pod::Text, Pod::Text::Color, Pod::Text::Overstrike,
2768 Pod::Text::Termcap, Pod::Usage, SDBM_File, Safe, Scalar::Util,
2769 Search::Dict, SelectSaver, SelfLoader, Shell, Socket, Storable, Switch,
2770 Symbol, Sys::Hostname, Sys::Syslog, Term::ANSIColor, Term::Cap,
2771 Term::Complete, Term::ReadLine, Test, Test::Builder, Test::Harness,
2772 Test::Harness::Assert, Test::Harness::Iterator, Test::Harness::Straps,
2773 Test::More, Test::Simple, Test::Tutorial, Text::Abbrev, Text::Balanced,
2774 Text::ParseWords, Text::Soundex, Text::Tabs, Text::Wrap, Thread,
2775 Thread::Queue, Thread::Semaphore, Thread::Signal, Thread::Specific,
2776 Tie::Array, Tie::File, Tie::Handle, Tie::Hash, Tie::Memoize, Tie::RefHash,
2777 Tie::Scalar, Tie::SubstrHash, Time::HiRes, Time::Local, Time::gmtime,
2778 Time::localtime, Time::tm, UNIVERSAL, Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Normalize,
2779 Unicode::UCD, User::grent, User::pwent, Win32, XS::APItest, XS::Typemap,
2782 =item Extension Modules
2796 China, Indonesia, Israel, Japan, Malaysia, Russian Federation, Saudi
2797 Arabia, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan
2799 =item Central America
2805 Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
2806 Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
2807 Lithuania, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia,
2808 Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, Ukraine, United
2813 Canada, Alberta, Manitoba, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Mexico, United States,
2814 Alabama, California, Colorado, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida,
2815 Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Michigan, Nevada, New Jersey,
2816 New York, North Carolina, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Texas,
2817 Utah, Virginia, Washington, Wisconsin
2821 Australia, New Zealand, United States
2825 Argentina, Brazil, Chile
2831 =item Modules: Creation, Use, and Abuse
2835 =item Guidelines for Module Creation
2837 =item Guidelines for Converting Perl 4 Library Scripts into Modules
2839 =item Guidelines for Reusing Application Code
2847 =head2 perlmodstyle - Perl module style guide
2853 =item QUICK CHECKLIST
2857 =item Before you start
2865 =item Release considerations
2869 =item BEFORE YOU START WRITING A MODULE
2873 =item Has it been done before?
2875 =item Do one thing and do it well
2877 =item What's in a name?
2881 =item DESIGNING AND WRITING YOUR MODULE
2885 =item To OO or not to OO?
2887 =item Designing your API
2889 Write simple routines to do simple things, Separate functionality from
2890 output, Provide sensible shortcuts and defaults, Naming conventions,
2893 =item Strictness and warnings
2895 =item Backwards compatibility
2897 =item Error handling and messages
2901 =item DOCUMENTING YOUR MODULE
2907 =item README, INSTALL, release notes, changelogs
2909 perl Makefile.PL, make, make test, make install, perl Build.PL, perl Build,
2910 perl Build test, perl Build install
2914 =item RELEASE CONSIDERATIONS
2918 =item Version numbering
2920 =item Pre-requisites
2930 =item COMMON PITFALLS
2934 =item Reinventing the wheel
2936 =item Trying to do too much
2938 =item Inappropriate documentation
2944 L<perlstyle>, L<perlnewmod>, L<perlpod>, L<podchecker>, Packaging Tools,
2945 Testing tools, http://pause.perl.org/, Any good book on software
2952 =head2 perlnewmod - preparing a new module for distribution
2962 =item What should I make into a module?
2964 =item Step-by-step: Preparing the ground
2966 Look around, Check it's new, Discuss the need, Choose a name, Check again
2968 =item Step-by-step: Making the module
2970 Start with F<h2xs>, Use L<strict|strict> and L<warnings|warnings>, Use
2971 L<Carp|Carp>, Use L<Exporter|Exporter> - wisely!, Use L<plain old
2972 documentation|perlpod>, Write tests, Write the README
2974 =item Step-by-step: Distributing your module
2976 Get a CPAN user ID, C<perl Makefile.PL; make test; make dist>, Upload the
2977 tarball, Announce to the modules list, Announce to clpa, Fix bugs!
2987 =head2 perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl ($Revision: 1.12 $, $Date:
2988 2003/07/09 15:47:28 $)
2998 =item Who supports Perl? Who develops it? Why is it free?
3000 =item Which version of Perl should I use?
3002 =item What are perl4 and perl5?
3004 =item What is Ponie?
3006 =item What is perl6?
3008 =item How stable is Perl?
3010 =item Is Perl difficult to learn?
3012 =item How does Perl compare with other languages like Java, Python, REXX,
3015 =item Can I do [task] in Perl?
3017 =item When shouldn't I program in Perl?
3019 =item What's the difference between "perl" and "Perl"?
3021 =item Is it a Perl program or a Perl script?
3023 =item What is a JAPH?
3025 =item Where can I get a list of Larry Wall witticisms?
3027 =item How can I convince my sysadmin/supervisor/employees to use version
3028 5/5.6.1/Perl instead of some other language?
3032 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
3036 =head2 perlfaq2 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl ($Revision: 1.21 $,
3037 $Date: 2003/07/30 05:48:24 $)
3045 =item What machines support Perl? Where do I get it?
3047 =item How can I get a binary version of Perl?
3049 =item I don't have a C compiler on my system. How can I compile perl?
3051 =item I copied the Perl binary from one machine to another, but scripts
3054 =item I grabbed the sources and tried to compile but gdbm/dynamic
3055 loading/malloc/linking/... failed. How do I make it work?
3057 =item What modules and extensions are available for Perl? What is CPAN?
3058 What does CPAN/src/... mean?
3060 =item Is there an ISO or ANSI certified version of Perl?
3062 =item Where can I get information on Perl?
3064 =item What are the Perl newsgroups on Usenet? Where do I post questions?
3066 =item Where should I post source code?
3070 References, Tutorials, Task-Oriented, Special Topics
3072 =item Perl in Magazines
3074 =item Perl on the Net: FTP and WWW Access
3076 =item What mailing lists are there for Perl?
3078 =item Archives of comp.lang.perl.misc
3080 =item Where can I buy a commercial version of Perl?
3082 =item Where do I send bug reports?
3084 =item What is perl.com? Perl Mongers? pm.org? perl.org? cpan.org?
3088 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
3092 =head2 perlfaq3 - Programming Tools ($Revision: 1.33 $, $Date: 2003/01/31
3101 =item How do I do (anything)?
3103 =item How can I use Perl interactively?
3105 =item Is there a Perl shell?
3107 =item How do I find which modules are installed on my system?
3109 =item How do I debug my Perl programs?
3111 =item How do I profile my Perl programs?
3113 =item How do I cross-reference my Perl programs?
3115 =item Is there a pretty-printer (formatter) for Perl?
3117 =item Is there a ctags for Perl?
3119 =item Is there an IDE or Windows Perl Editor?
3121 Komodo, The Object System, Open Perl IDE, PerlBuilder, visiPerl+, OptiPerl,
3122 GNU Emacs, MicroEMACS, XEmacs, Jed, Elvis, Vile, Vim, Codewright,
3123 MultiEdit, SlickEdit, Bash, Ksh, Tcsh, Zsh, BBEdit and BBEdit Lite, Alpha
3125 =item Where can I get Perl macros for vi?
3127 =item Where can I get perl-mode for emacs?
3129 =item How can I use curses with Perl?
3131 =item How can I use X or Tk with Perl?
3133 =item How can I generate simple menus without using CGI or Tk?
3135 =item How can I make my Perl program run faster?
3137 =item How can I make my Perl program take less memory?
3139 Don't slurp!, Use map and grep selectively, Avoid unnecessary quotes and
3140 stringification, Pass by reference, Tie large variables to disk
3142 =item Is it safe to return a reference to local or lexical data?
3144 =item How can I free an array or hash so my program shrinks?
3146 =item How can I make my CGI script more efficient?
3148 =item How can I hide the source for my Perl program?
3150 =item How can I compile my Perl program into byte code or C?
3152 =item How can I compile Perl into Java?
3154 =item How can I get C<#!perl> to work on [MS-DOS,NT,...]?
3156 =item Can I write useful Perl programs on the command line?
3158 =item Why don't Perl one-liners work on my DOS/Mac/VMS system?
3160 =item Where can I learn about CGI or Web programming in Perl?
3162 =item Where can I learn about object-oriented Perl programming?
3164 =item Where can I learn about linking C with Perl? [h2xs, xsubpp]
3166 =item I've read perlembed, perlguts, etc., but I can't embed perl in
3167 my C program; what am I doing wrong?
3169 =item When I tried to run my script, I got this message. What does it mean?
3171 =item What's MakeMaker?
3175 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
3179 =head2 perlfaq4 - Data Manipulation ($Revision: 1.44 $, $Date: 2003/07/28
3190 =item Why am I getting long decimals (eg, 19.9499999999999) instead of the
3191 numbers I should be getting (eg, 19.95)?
3193 =item Why isn't my octal data interpreted correctly?
3195 =item Does Perl have a round() function? What about ceil() and floor()?
3198 =item How do I convert between numeric representations?
3200 How do I convert hexadecimal into decimal, How do I convert from decimal to
3201 hexadecimal, How do I convert from octal to decimal, How do I convert from
3202 decimal to octal, How do I convert from binary to decimal, How do I convert
3203 from decimal to binary
3205 =item Why doesn't & work the way I want it to?
3207 =item How do I multiply matrices?
3209 =item How do I perform an operation on a series of integers?
3211 =item How can I output Roman numerals?
3213 =item Why aren't my random numbers random?
3215 =item How do I get a random number between X and Y?
3223 =item How do I find the day or week of the year?
3225 =item How can I compare two dates and find the difference?
3227 =item How can I take a string and turn it into epoch seconds?
3229 =item How can I find the Julian Day?
3231 =item How do I find yesterday's date?
3233 =item Does Perl have a Year 2000 problem? Is Perl Y2K compliant?
3241 =item How do I validate input?
3243 =item How do I unescape a string?
3245 =item How do I remove consecutive pairs of characters?
3247 =item How do I expand function calls in a string?
3249 =item How do I find matching/nesting anything?
3251 =item How do I reverse a string?
3253 =item How do I expand tabs in a string?
3255 =item How do I reformat a paragraph?
3257 =item How can I access or change N characters of a string?
3259 =item How do I change the Nth occurrence of something?
3261 =item How can I count the number of occurrences of a substring within a
3264 =item How do I capitalize all the words on one line?
3266 =item How can I split a [character] delimited string except when inside
3269 =item How do I strip blank space from the beginning/end of a string?
3271 =item How do I pad a string with blanks or pad a number with zeroes?
3273 =item How do I extract selected columns from a string?
3275 =item How do I find the soundex value of a string?
3277 =item How can I expand variables in text strings?
3279 =item What's wrong with always quoting "$vars"?
3281 =item Why don't my E<lt>E<lt>HERE documents work?
3283 There must be no space after the E<lt>E<lt> part, There (probably) should
3284 be a semicolon at the end, You can't (easily) have any space in front of
3293 =item What is the difference between a list and an array?
3295 =item What is the difference between $array[1] and @array[1]?
3297 =item How can I remove duplicate elements from a list or array?
3301 =item How can I tell whether a certain element is contained in a list or
3304 =item How do I compute the difference of two arrays? How do I compute the
3305 intersection of two arrays?
3307 =item How do I test whether two arrays or hashes are equal?
3309 =item How do I find the first array element for which a condition is true?
3311 =item How do I handle linked lists?
3313 =item How do I handle circular lists?
3315 =item How do I shuffle an array randomly?
3317 =item How do I process/modify each element of an array?
3319 =item How do I select a random element from an array?
3321 =item How do I permute N elements of a list?
3323 =item How do I sort an array by (anything)?
3325 =item How do I manipulate arrays of bits?
3327 =item Why does defined() return true on empty arrays and hashes?
3331 =item Data: Hashes (Associative Arrays)
3335 =item How do I process an entire hash?
3337 =item What happens if I add or remove keys from a hash while iterating over
3340 =item How do I look up a hash element by value?
3342 =item How can I know how many entries are in a hash?
3344 =item How do I sort a hash (optionally by value instead of key)?
3346 =item How can I always keep my hash sorted?
3348 =item What's the difference between "delete" and "undef" with hashes?
3350 =item Why don't my tied hashes make the defined/exists distinction?
3352 =item How do I reset an each() operation part-way through?
3354 =item How can I get the unique keys from two hashes?
3356 =item How can I store a multidimensional array in a DBM file?
3358 =item How can I make my hash remember the order I put elements into it?
3360 =item Why does passing a subroutine an undefined element in a hash create
3363 =item How can I make the Perl equivalent of a C structure/C++ class/hash or
3364 array of hashes or arrays?
3366 =item How can I use a reference as a hash key?
3374 =item How do I handle binary data correctly?
3376 =item How do I determine whether a scalar is a number/whole/integer/float?
3378 =item How do I keep persistent data across program calls?
3380 =item How do I print out or copy a recursive data structure?
3382 =item How do I define methods for every class/object?
3384 =item How do I verify a credit card checksum?
3386 =item How do I pack arrays of doubles or floats for XS code?
3390 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
3394 =head2 perlfaq5 - Files and Formats ($Revision: 1.28 $, $Date: 2003/01/26
3403 =item How do I flush/unbuffer an output filehandle? Why must I do this?
3405 =item How do I change one line in a file/delete a line in a file/insert a
3406 line in the middle of a file/append to the beginning of a file?
3408 =item How do I count the number of lines in a file?
3410 =item How can I use Perl's C<-i> option from within a program?
3412 =item How do I make a temporary file name?
3414 =item How can I manipulate fixed-record-length files?
3416 =item How can I make a filehandle local to a subroutine? How do I pass
3417 filehandles between subroutines? How do I make an array of filehandles?
3419 =item How can I use a filehandle indirectly?
3421 =item How can I set up a footer format to be used with write()?
3423 =item How can I write() into a string?
3425 =item How can I output my numbers with commas added?
3427 =item How can I translate tildes (~) in a filename?
3429 =item How come when I open a file read-write it wipes it out?
3431 =item Why do I sometimes get an "Argument list too long" when I use
3434 =item Is there a leak/bug in glob()?
3436 =item How can I open a file with a leading ">" or trailing blanks?
3438 =item How can I reliably rename a file?
3440 =item How can I lock a file?
3442 =item Why can't I just open(FH, "E<gt>file.lock")?
3444 =item I still don't get locking. I just want to increment the number in
3445 the file. How can I do this?
3447 =item All I want to do is append a small amount of text to the end of a
3448 file. Do I still have to use locking?
3450 =item How do I randomly update a binary file?
3452 =item How do I get a file's timestamp in perl?
3454 =item How do I set a file's timestamp in perl?
3456 =item How do I print to more than one file at once?
3458 =item How can I read in an entire file all at once?
3460 =item How can I read in a file by paragraphs?
3462 =item How can I read a single character from a file? From the keyboard?
3464 =item How can I tell whether there's a character waiting on a filehandle?
3466 =item How do I do a C<tail -f> in perl?
3468 =item How do I dup() a filehandle in Perl?
3470 =item How do I close a file descriptor by number?
3472 =item Why can't I use "C:\temp\foo" in DOS paths? Why doesn't
3473 `C:\temp\foo.exe` work?
3475 =item Why doesn't glob("*.*") get all the files?
3477 =item Why does Perl let me delete read-only files? Why does C<-i> clobber
3478 protected files? Isn't this a bug in Perl?
3480 =item How do I select a random line from a file?
3482 =item Why do I get weird spaces when I print an array of lines?
3486 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
3490 =head2 perlfaq6 - Regular Expressions ($Revision: 1.20 $, $Date: 2003/01/03
3499 =item How can I hope to use regular expressions without creating illegible
3500 and unmaintainable code?
3502 Comments Outside the Regex, Comments Inside the Regex, Different Delimiters
3504 =item I'm having trouble matching over more than one line. What's wrong?
3506 =item How can I pull out lines between two patterns that are themselves on
3509 =item I put a regular expression into $/ but it didn't work. What's wrong?
3511 =item How do I substitute case insensitively on the LHS while preserving
3514 =item How can I make C<\w> match national character sets?
3516 =item How can I match a locale-smart version of C</[a-zA-Z]/>?
3518 =item How can I quote a variable to use in a regex?
3520 =item What is C</o> really for?
3522 =item How do I use a regular expression to strip C style comments from a
3525 =item Can I use Perl regular expressions to match balanced text?
3527 =item What does it mean that regexes are greedy? How can I get around it?
3529 =item How do I process each word on each line?
3531 =item How can I print out a word-frequency or line-frequency summary?
3533 =item How can I do approximate matching?
3535 =item How do I efficiently match many regular expressions at once?
3537 =item Why don't word-boundary searches with C<\b> work for me?
3539 =item Why does using $&, $`, or $' slow my program down?
3541 =item What good is C<\G> in a regular expression?
3543 =item Are Perl regexes DFAs or NFAs? Are they POSIX compliant?
3545 =item What's wrong with using grep or map in a void context?
3547 =item How can I match strings with multibyte characters?
3549 =item How do I match a pattern that is supplied by the user?
3553 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
3557 =head2 perlfaq7 - General Perl Language Issues ($Revision: 1.15 $, $Date:
3558 2003/07/24 02:17:21 $)
3566 =item Can I get a BNF/yacc/RE for the Perl language?
3568 =item What are all these $@%&* punctuation signs, and how do I know when to
3571 =item Do I always/never have to quote my strings or use semicolons and
3574 =item How do I skip some return values?
3576 =item How do I temporarily block warnings?
3578 =item What's an extension?
3580 =item Why do Perl operators have different precedence than C operators?
3582 =item How do I declare/create a structure?
3584 =item How do I create a module?
3586 =item How do I create a class?
3588 =item How can I tell if a variable is tainted?
3590 =item What's a closure?
3592 =item What is variable suicide and how can I prevent it?
3594 =item How can I pass/return a {Function, FileHandle, Array, Hash, Method,
3597 Passing Variables and Functions, Passing Filehandles, Passing Regexes,
3600 =item How do I create a static variable?
3602 =item What's the difference between dynamic and lexical (static) scoping?
3603 Between local() and my()?
3605 =item How can I access a dynamic variable while a similarly named lexical
3608 =item What's the difference between deep and shallow binding?
3610 =item Why doesn't "my($foo) = E<lt>FILEE<gt>;" work right?
3612 =item How do I redefine a builtin function, operator, or method?
3614 =item What's the difference between calling a function as &foo and foo()?
3616 =item How do I create a switch or case statement?
3618 =item How can I catch accesses to undefined variables, functions, or
3621 =item Why can't a method included in this same file be found?
3623 =item How can I find out my current package?
3625 =item How can I comment out a large block of perl code?
3627 =item How do I clear a package?
3629 =item How can I use a variable as a variable name?
3631 =item What does "bad interpreter" mean?
3635 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
3639 =head2 perlfaq8 - System Interaction ($Revision: 1.17 $, $Date: 2003/01/26
3648 =item How do I find out which operating system I'm running under?
3650 =item How come exec() doesn't return?
3652 =item How do I do fancy stuff with the keyboard/screen/mouse?
3654 Keyboard, Screen, Mouse
3656 =item How do I print something out in color?
3658 =item How do I read just one key without waiting for a return key?
3660 =item How do I check whether input is ready on the keyboard?
3662 =item How do I clear the screen?
3664 =item How do I get the screen size?
3666 =item How do I ask the user for a password?
3668 =item How do I read and write the serial port?
3670 lockfiles, open mode, end of line, flushing output, non-blocking input
3672 =item How do I decode encrypted password files?
3674 =item How do I start a process in the background?
3676 STDIN, STDOUT, and STDERR are shared, Signals, Zombies
3678 =item How do I trap control characters/signals?
3680 =item How do I modify the shadow password file on a Unix system?
3682 =item How do I set the time and date?
3684 =item How can I sleep() or alarm() for under a second?
3686 =item How can I measure time under a second?
3688 =item How can I do an atexit() or setjmp()/longjmp()? (Exception handling)
3690 =item Why doesn't my sockets program work under System V (Solaris)? What
3691 does the error message "Protocol not supported" mean?
3693 =item How can I call my system's unique C functions from Perl?
3695 =item Where do I get the include files to do ioctl() or syscall()?
3697 =item Why do setuid perl scripts complain about kernel problems?
3699 =item How can I open a pipe both to and from a command?
3701 =item Why can't I get the output of a command with system()?
3703 =item How can I capture STDERR from an external command?
3705 =item Why doesn't open() return an error when a pipe open fails?
3707 =item What's wrong with using backticks in a void context?
3709 =item How can I call backticks without shell processing?
3711 =item Why can't my script read from STDIN after I gave it EOF (^D on Unix,
3714 =item How can I convert my shell script to perl?
3716 =item Can I use perl to run a telnet or ftp session?
3718 =item How can I write expect in Perl?
3720 =item Is there a way to hide perl's command line from programs such as
3723 =item I {changed directory, modified my environment} in a perl script. How
3724 come the change disappeared when I exited the script? How do I get my
3725 changes to be visible?
3729 =item How do I close a process's filehandle without waiting for it to
3732 =item How do I fork a daemon process?
3734 =item How do I find out if I'm running interactively or not?
3736 =item How do I timeout a slow event?
3738 =item How do I set CPU limits?
3740 =item How do I avoid zombies on a Unix system?
3742 =item How do I use an SQL database?
3744 =item How do I make a system() exit on control-C?
3746 =item How do I open a file without blocking?
3748 =item How do I install a module from CPAN?
3750 =item What's the difference between require and use?
3752 =item How do I keep my own module/library directory?
3754 =item How do I add the directory my program lives in to the module/library
3757 =item How do I add a directory to my include path at runtime?
3759 =item What is socket.ph and where do I get it?
3763 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
3767 =head2 perlfaq9 - Networking ($Revision: 1.15 $, $Date: 2003/01/31 17:36:57
3776 =item What is the correct form of response from a CGI script?
3778 =item My CGI script runs from the command line but not the browser. (500
3781 =item How can I get better error messages from a CGI program?
3783 =item How do I remove HTML from a string?
3785 =item How do I extract URLs?
3787 =item How do I download a file from the user's machine? How do I open a
3788 file on another machine?
3790 =item How do I make a pop-up menu in HTML?
3792 =item How do I fetch an HTML file?
3794 =item How do I automate an HTML form submission?
3796 =item How do I decode or create those %-encodings on the web?
3798 =item How do I redirect to another page?
3800 =item How do I put a password on my web pages?
3802 =item How do I edit my .htpasswd and .htgroup files with Perl?
3804 =item How do I make sure users can't enter values into a form that cause my
3805 CGI script to do bad things?
3807 =item How do I parse a mail header?
3809 =item How do I decode a CGI form?
3811 =item How do I check a valid mail address?
3813 =item How do I decode a MIME/BASE64 string?
3815 =item How do I return the user's mail address?
3817 =item How do I send mail?
3819 =item How do I use MIME to make an attachment to a mail message?
3821 =item How do I read mail?
3823 =item How do I find out my hostname/domainname/IP address?
3825 =item How do I fetch a news article or the active newsgroups?
3827 =item How do I fetch/put an FTP file?
3829 =item How can I do RPC in Perl?
3833 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
3837 =head2 perlcompile - Introduction to the Perl Compiler-Translator
3847 B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Lint, B::Deparse, B::Xref
3851 =item Using The Back Ends
3855 =item The Cross Referencing Back End
3859 =item The Decompiling Back End
3861 =item The Lint Back End
3863 =item The Simple C Back End
3865 =item The Bytecode Back End
3867 =item The Optimized C Back End
3871 =item Module List for the Compiler Suite
3873 B, O, B::Asmdata, B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC,
3874 B::Concise, B::Debug, B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex,
3875 B::Stackobj, B::Stash, B::Terse, B::Xref
3877 =item KNOWN PROBLEMS
3883 =head2 perlembed - how to embed perl in your C program
3893 B<Use C from Perl?>, B<Use a Unix program from Perl?>, B<Use Perl from
3894 Perl?>, B<Use C from C?>, B<Use Perl from C?>
3898 =item Compiling your C program
3900 =item Adding a Perl interpreter to your C program
3902 =item Calling a Perl subroutine from your C program
3904 =item Evaluating a Perl statement from your C program
3906 =item Performing Perl pattern matches and substitutions from your C program
3908 =item Fiddling with the Perl stack from your C program
3910 =item Maintaining a persistent interpreter
3912 =item Execution of END blocks
3914 =item Maintaining multiple interpreter instances
3916 =item Using Perl modules, which themselves use C libraries, from your C
3921 =item Embedding Perl under Win32
3933 =head2 perldebguts - Guts of Perl debugging
3939 =item Debugger Internals
3943 =item Writing Your Own Debugger
3947 =item Frame Listing Output Examples
3949 =item Debugging regular expressions
3953 =item Compile-time output
3955 C<anchored> I<STRING> C<at> I<POS>, C<floating> I<STRING> C<at>
3956 I<POS1..POS2>, C<matching floating/anchored>, C<minlen>, C<stclass>
3957 I<TYPE>, C<noscan>, C<isall>, C<GPOS>, C<plus>, C<implicit>, C<with eval>,
3960 =item Types of nodes
3962 =item Run-time output
3966 =item Debugging Perl memory usage
3970 =item Using C<$ENV{PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS}>
3972 C<buckets SMALLEST(APPROX)..GREATEST(APPROX)>, Free/Used, C<Total sbrk():
3973 SBRKed/SBRKs:CONTINUOUS>, C<pad: 0>, C<heads: 2192>, C<chain: 0>, C<tail:
3976 =item Example of using B<-DL> switch
3978 C<717>, C<002>, C<054>, C<602>, C<702>, C<704>
3980 =item B<-DL> details
3984 =item Limitations of B<-DL> statistics
3992 =head2 perlxstut, perlXStut - Tutorial for writing XSUBs
4004 =item Version caveat
4006 =item Dynamic Loading versus Static Loading
4018 =item What has gone on?
4020 =item Writing good test scripts
4024 =item What's new here?
4026 =item Input and Output Parameters
4028 =item The XSUBPP Program
4030 =item The TYPEMAP file
4032 =item Warning about Output Arguments
4036 =item What has happened here?
4038 =item Anatomy of .xs file
4040 =item Getting the fat out of XSUBs
4042 =item More about XSUB arguments
4044 =item The Argument Stack
4046 =item Extending your Extension
4048 =item Documenting your Extension
4050 =item Installing your Extension
4054 =item New Things in this Example
4058 =item New Things in this Example
4060 =item EXAMPLE 7 (Coming Soon)
4062 =item EXAMPLE 8 (Coming Soon)
4064 =item EXAMPLE 9 Passing open files to XSes
4066 =item Troubleshooting these Examples
4082 =head2 perlxs - XS language reference manual
4094 =item The Anatomy of an XSUB
4096 =item The Argument Stack
4098 =item The RETVAL Variable
4100 =item The MODULE Keyword
4102 =item The PACKAGE Keyword
4104 =item The PREFIX Keyword
4106 =item The OUTPUT: Keyword
4108 =item The NO_OUTPUT Keyword
4110 =item The CODE: Keyword
4112 =item The INIT: Keyword
4114 =item The NO_INIT Keyword
4116 =item Initializing Function Parameters
4118 =item Default Parameter Values
4120 =item The PREINIT: Keyword
4122 =item The SCOPE: Keyword
4124 =item The INPUT: Keyword
4126 =item The IN/OUTLIST/IN_OUTLIST/OUT/IN_OUT Keywords
4128 =item The C<length(NAME)> Keyword
4130 =item Variable-length Parameter Lists
4132 =item The C_ARGS: Keyword
4134 =item The PPCODE: Keyword
4136 =item Returning Undef And Empty Lists
4138 =item The REQUIRE: Keyword
4140 =item The CLEANUP: Keyword
4142 =item The POSTCALL: Keyword
4144 =item The BOOT: Keyword
4146 =item The VERSIONCHECK: Keyword
4148 =item The PROTOTYPES: Keyword
4150 =item The PROTOTYPE: Keyword
4152 =item The ALIAS: Keyword
4154 =item The OVERLOAD: Keyword
4156 =item The FALLBACK: Keyword
4158 =item The INTERFACE: Keyword
4160 =item The INTERFACE_MACRO: Keyword
4162 =item The INCLUDE: Keyword
4164 =item The CASE: Keyword
4166 =item The & Unary Operator
4168 =item Inserting POD, Comments and C Preprocessor Directives
4170 =item Using XS With C++
4172 =item Interface Strategy
4174 =item Perl Objects And C Structures
4178 =item Safely Storing Static Data in XS
4180 MY_CXT_KEY, typedef my_cxt_t, START_MY_CXT, MY_CXT_INIT, dMY_CXT, MY_CXT
4192 =head2 perlclib - Internal replacements for standard C library functions
4202 C<t>, C<p>, C<n>, C<s>
4204 =item File Operations
4206 =item File Input and Output
4208 =item File Positioning
4210 =item Memory Management and String Handling
4212 =item Character Class Tests
4214 =item F<stdlib.h> functions
4216 =item Miscellaneous functions
4224 =head2 perlguts - Introduction to the Perl API
4236 =item What is an "IV"?
4238 =item Working with SVs
4242 =item What's Really Stored in an SV?
4244 =item Working with AVs
4246 =item Working with HVs
4248 =item Hash API Extensions
4250 =item AVs, HVs and undefined values
4254 =item Blessed References and Class Objects
4256 =item Creating New Variables
4258 GV_ADDMULTI, GV_ADDWARN
4260 =item Reference Counts and Mortality
4262 =item Stashes and Globs
4264 =item Double-Typed SVs
4266 =item Magic Variables
4268 =item Assigning Magic
4270 =item Magic Virtual Tables
4274 =item Understanding the Magic of Tied Hashes and Arrays
4276 =item Localizing changes
4278 C<SAVEINT(int i)>, C<SAVEIV(IV i)>, C<SAVEI32(I32 i)>, C<SAVELONG(long i)>,
4279 C<SAVESPTR(s)>, C<SAVEPPTR(p)>, C<SAVEFREESV(SV *sv)>, C<SAVEMORTALIZESV(SV
4280 *sv)>, C<SAVEFREEOP(OP *op)>, C<SAVEFREEPV(p)>, C<SAVECLEARSV(SV *sv)>,
4281 C<SAVEDELETE(HV *hv, char *key, I32 length)>,
4282 C<SAVEDESTRUCTOR(DESTRUCTORFUNC_NOCONTEXT_t f, void *p)>,
4283 C<SAVEDESTRUCTOR_X(DESTRUCTORFUNC_t f, void *p)>, C<SAVESTACK_POS()>, C<SV*
4284 save_scalar(GV *gv)>, C<AV* save_ary(GV *gv)>, C<HV* save_hash(GV *gv)>,
4285 C<void save_item(SV *item)>, C<void save_list(SV **sarg, I32 maxsarg)>,
4286 C<SV* save_svref(SV **sptr)>, C<void save_aptr(AV **aptr)>, C<void
4287 save_hptr(HV **hptr)>
4295 =item XSUBs and the Argument Stack
4297 =item Calling Perl Routines from within C Programs
4299 =item Memory Allocation
4303 =item Putting a C value on Perl stack
4307 =item Scratchpads and recursion
4317 =item Examining the tree
4319 =item Compile pass 1: check routines
4321 =item Compile pass 1a: constant folding
4323 =item Compile pass 2: context propagation
4325 =item Compile pass 3: peephole optimization
4327 =item Pluggable runops
4331 =item Examining internal data structures with the C<dump> functions
4333 =item How multiple interpreters and concurrency are supported
4337 =item Background and PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
4339 =item So what happened to dTHR?
4341 =item How do I use all this in extensions?
4343 =item Should I do anything special if I call perl from multiple threads?
4345 =item Future Plans and PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
4349 =item Internal Functions
4351 A, p, d, s, n, r, f, M, o, j, x
4355 =item Formatted Printing of IVs, UVs, and NVs
4357 =item Pointer-To-Integer and Integer-To-Pointer
4359 =item Source Documentation
4363 =item Unicode Support
4367 =item What B<is> Unicode, anyway?
4369 =item How can I recognise a UTF8 string?
4371 =item How does UTF8 represent Unicode characters?
4373 =item How does Perl store UTF8 strings?
4375 =item How do I convert a string to UTF8?
4377 =item Is there anything else I need to know?
4381 =item Custom Operators
4389 =head2 perlcall - Perl calling conventions from C
4395 An Error Handler, An Event Driven Program
4397 =item THE CALL_ FUNCTIONS
4399 call_sv, call_pv, call_method, call_argv
4419 =item Determining the Context
4423 =item KNOWN PROBLEMS
4429 =item No Parameters, Nothing returned
4431 =item Passing Parameters
4433 =item Returning a Scalar
4435 =item Returning a list of values
4437 =item Returning a list in a scalar context
4439 =item Returning Data from Perl via the parameter list
4443 =item Using G_KEEPERR
4447 =item Using call_argv
4449 =item Using call_method
4453 =item Using Perl to dispose of temporaries
4455 =item Strategies for storing Callback Context Information
4457 1. Ignore the problem - Allow only 1 callback, 2. Create a sequence of
4458 callbacks - hard wired limit, 3. Use a parameter to map to the Perl
4461 =item Alternate Stack Manipulation
4463 =item Creating and calling an anonymous subroutine in C
4475 =head2 perlutil - utilities packaged with the Perl distribution
4485 L<perldoc|perldoc>, L<pod2man|pod2man> and L<pod2text|pod2text>,
4486 L<pod2html|pod2html> and L<pod2latex|pod2latex>, L<pod2usage|pod2usage>,
4487 L<podselect|podselect>, L<podchecker|podchecker>, L<splain|splain>,
4488 L<roffitall|roffitall>
4492 L<a2p|a2p>, L<s2p|s2p>, L<find2perl|find2perl>
4494 =item Administration
4496 L<libnetcfg|libnetcfg>
4500 L<perlbug|perlbug>, L<h2ph|h2ph>, L<c2ph|c2ph> and L<pstruct|pstruct>,
4501 L<h2xs|h2xs>, L<dprofpp|dprofpp>, L<perlcc|perlcc>
4509 =head2 perlfilter - Source Filters
4519 =item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER
4521 =item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN C
4523 B<Decryption Filters>
4525 =item CREATING A SOURCE FILTER AS A SEPARATE EXECUTABLE
4527 =item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN PERL
4529 =item USING CONTEXT: THE DEBUG FILTER
4533 =item THINGS TO LOOK OUT FOR
4535 Some Filters Clobber the C<DATA> Handle
4545 =head2 perldbmfilter - Perl DBM Filters
4553 B<filter_store_key>, B<filter_store_value>, B<filter_fetch_key>,
4554 B<filter_fetch_value>
4560 =item An Example -- the NULL termination problem.
4562 =item Another Example -- Key is a C int.
4572 =head2 perlapi - autogenerated documentation for the perl public API
4578 =item "Gimme" Values
4580 GIMME, GIMME_V, G_ARRAY, G_DISCARD, G_EVAL, G_NOARGS, G_SCALAR, G_VOID
4582 =item Array Manipulation Functions
4584 AvFILL, av_clear, av_delete, av_exists, av_extend, av_fetch, av_fill,
4585 av_len, av_make, av_pop, av_push, av_shift, av_store, av_undef, av_unshift,
4586 get_av, newAV, Nullav, sortsv
4588 =item Callback Functions
4590 call_argv, call_method, call_pv, call_sv, ENTER, eval_pv, eval_sv,
4591 FREETMPS, LEAVE, SAVETMPS
4593 =item Character classes
4595 isALNUM, isALPHA, isDIGIT, isLOWER, isSPACE, isUPPER, toLOWER, toUPPER
4597 =item Cloning an interpreter
4601 =item CV Manipulation Functions
4603 CvSTASH, get_cv, Nullcv
4605 =item Embedding Functions
4607 cv_undef, load_module, nothreadhook, perl_alloc, perl_construct,
4608 perl_destruct, perl_free, perl_parse, perl_run, require_pv
4610 =item Functions in file pp_pack.c
4612 packlist, pack_cat, unpackstring, unpack_str
4614 =item Global Variables
4616 PL_modglobal, PL_na, PL_sv_no, PL_sv_undef, PL_sv_yes
4620 GvSV, gv_fetchmeth, gv_fetchmethod, gv_fetchmethod_autoload,
4621 gv_fetchmeth_autoload, gv_stashpv, gv_stashsv
4625 HEf_SVKEY, Nullch, Nullsv
4627 =item Hash Manipulation Functions
4629 get_hv, HeHASH, HeKEY, HeKLEN, HePV, HeSVKEY, HeSVKEY_force, HeSVKEY_set,
4630 HeVAL, HvNAME, hv_clear, hv_delete, hv_delete_ent, hv_exists,
4631 hv_exists_ent, hv_fetch, hv_fetch_ent, hv_iterinit, hv_iterkey,
4632 hv_iterkeysv, hv_iternext, hv_iternextsv, hv_iternext_flags, hv_iterval,
4633 hv_magic, hv_store, hv_store_ent, hv_undef, newHV, Nullhv
4635 =item Magical Functions
4637 mg_clear, mg_copy, mg_find, mg_free, mg_get, mg_length, mg_magical, mg_set,
4638 SvGETMAGIC, SvLOCK, SvSETMAGIC, SvSetMagicSV, SvSetMagicSV_nosteal,
4639 SvSetSV, SvSetSV_nosteal, SvSHARE
4641 =item Memory Management
4643 Copy, Move, New, Newc, NEWSV, Newz, Poison, Renew, Renewc, Safefree,
4644 savepv, savepvn, savesharedpv, StructCopy, Zero
4646 =item Miscellaneous Functions
4648 fbm_compile, fbm_instr, form, getcwd_sv, new_version, scan_version, strEQ,
4649 strGE, strGT, strLE, strLT, strNE, strnEQ, strnNE, sv_nolocking,
4650 sv_nosharing, sv_nounlocking, upg_version, vcmp, vnumify, vstringify
4652 =item Numeric functions
4654 grok_bin, grok_hex, grok_number, grok_numeric_radix, grok_oct, scan_bin,
4657 =item Optree Manipulation Functions
4659 cv_const_sv, newCONSTSUB, newXS
4661 =item Pad Data Structures
4665 =item Stack Manipulation Macros
4667 dMARK, dORIGMARK, dSP, EXTEND, MARK, ORIGMARK, POPi, POPl, POPn, POPp,
4668 POPpbytex, POPpx, POPs, PUSHi, PUSHMARK, PUSHn, PUSHp, PUSHs, PUSHu,
4669 PUTBACK, SP, SPAGAIN, XPUSHi, XPUSHn, XPUSHp, XPUSHs, XPUSHu, XSRETURN,
4670 XSRETURN_IV, XSRETURN_NO, XSRETURN_NV, XSRETURN_PV, XSRETURN_UNDEF,
4671 XSRETURN_YES, XST_mIV, XST_mNO, XST_mNV, XST_mPV, XST_mUNDEF, XST_mYES
4675 svtype, SVt_IV, SVt_NV, SVt_PV, SVt_PVAV, SVt_PVCV, SVt_PVHV, SVt_PVMG
4677 =item SV Manipulation Functions
4679 get_sv, looks_like_number, newRV_inc, newRV_noinc, newSV, newSViv, newSVnv,
4680 newSVpv, newSVpvf, newSVpvn, newSVpvn_share, newSVrv, newSVsv, newSVuv,
4681 SvCUR, SvCUR_set, SvEND, SvGROW, SvIOK, SvIOKp, SvIOK_notUV, SvIOK_off,
4682 SvIOK_on, SvIOK_only, SvIOK_only_UV, SvIOK_UV, SvIsCOW,
4683 SvIsCOW_shared_hash, SvIV, SvIVx, SvIVX, SvLEN, SvNIOK, SvNIOKp,
4684 SvNIOK_off, SvNOK, SvNOKp, SvNOK_off, SvNOK_on, SvNOK_only, SvNV, SvNVX,
4685 SvNVx, SvOK, SvOOK, SvPOK, SvPOKp, SvPOK_off, SvPOK_on, SvPOK_only,
4686 SvPOK_only_UTF8, SvPV, SvPVbyte, SvPVbytex, SvPVbytex_force,
4687 SvPVbyte_force, SvPVbyte_nolen, SvPVutf8, SvPVutf8x, SvPVutf8x_force,
4688 SvPVutf8_force, SvPVutf8_nolen, SvPVx, SvPVX, SvPV_force, SvPV_force_nomg,
4689 SvPV_nolen, SvREFCNT, SvREFCNT_dec, SvREFCNT_inc, SvROK, SvROK_off,
4690 SvROK_on, SvRV, SvSTASH, SvTAINT, SvTAINTED, SvTAINTED_off, SvTAINTED_on,
4691 SvTRUE, SvTYPE, SvUNLOCK, SvUOK, SvUPGRADE, SvUTF8, SvUTF8_off, SvUTF8_on,
4692 SvUV, SvUVX, SvUVx, SvVOK, sv_2bool, sv_2cv, sv_2io, sv_2iv, sv_2mortal,
4693 sv_2nv, sv_2pvbyte, sv_2pvbyte_nolen, sv_2pvutf8, sv_2pvutf8_nolen,
4694 sv_2pv_flags, sv_2pv_nolen, sv_2uv, sv_backoff, sv_bless, sv_catpv,
4695 sv_catpvf, sv_catpvf_mg, sv_catpvn, sv_catpvn_flags, sv_catpvn_mg,
4696 sv_catpv_mg, sv_catsv, sv_catsv_flags, sv_catsv_mg, sv_chop, sv_clear,
4697 sv_cmp, sv_cmp_locale, sv_collxfrm, sv_copypv, sv_dec, sv_derived_from,
4698 sv_eq, sv_force_normal, sv_force_normal_flags, sv_free, sv_gets, sv_grow,
4699 sv_inc, sv_insert, sv_isa, sv_isobject, sv_iv, sv_len, sv_len_utf8,
4700 sv_magic, sv_magicext, sv_mortalcopy, sv_newmortal, sv_newref, sv_nv,
4701 sv_pos_b2u, sv_pos_u2b, sv_pv, sv_pvbyte, sv_pvbyten, sv_pvbyten_force,
4702 sv_pvn, sv_pvn_force, sv_pvn_force_flags, sv_pvutf8, sv_pvutf8n,
4703 sv_pvutf8n_force, sv_reftype, sv_replace, sv_report_used, sv_reset,
4704 sv_rvweaken, sv_setiv, sv_setiv_mg, sv_setnv, sv_setnv_mg, sv_setpv,
4705 sv_setpvf, sv_setpvf_mg, sv_setpviv, sv_setpviv_mg, sv_setpvn,
4706 sv_setpvn_mg, sv_setpv_mg, sv_setref_iv, sv_setref_nv, sv_setref_pv,
4707 sv_setref_pvn, sv_setref_uv, sv_setsv, sv_setsv_flags, sv_setsv_mg,
4708 sv_setuv, sv_setuv_mg, sv_taint, sv_tainted, sv_true, sv_unmagic, sv_unref,
4709 sv_unref_flags, sv_untaint, sv_upgrade, sv_usepvn, sv_usepvn_mg,
4710 sv_utf8_decode, sv_utf8_downgrade, sv_utf8_encode, sv_utf8_upgrade,
4711 sv_utf8_upgrade_flags, sv_uv, sv_vcatpvfn, sv_vsetpvfn
4713 =item Unicode Support
4715 bytes_from_utf8, bytes_to_utf8, ibcmp_utf8, is_utf8_char, is_utf8_string,
4716 pv_uni_display, sv_cat_decode, sv_recode_to_utf8, sv_uni_display,
4717 to_utf8_case, to_utf8_fold, to_utf8_lower, to_utf8_title, to_utf8_upper,
4718 utf8n_to_uvchr, utf8n_to_uvuni, utf8_distance, utf8_hop, utf8_length,
4719 utf8_to_bytes, utf8_to_uvchr, utf8_to_uvuni, uvchr_to_utf8,
4722 =item Variables created by C<xsubpp> and C<xsubpp> internal functions
4724 ax, CLASS, dAX, dITEMS, dXSARGS, dXSI32, items, ix, newXSproto, RETVAL, ST,
4725 THIS, XS, XSRETURN_EMPTY, XS_VERSION, XS_VERSION_BOOTCHECK
4727 =item Warning and Dieing
4737 =head2 perlintern - autogenerated documentation of purely B<internal>
4744 =item CV reference counts and CvOUTSIDE
4748 =item Functions in file pad.h
4750 CX_CURPAD_SAVE, CX_CURPAD_SV, PAD_BASE_SV, PAD_CLONE_VARS,
4751 PAD_COMPNAME_FLAGS, PAD_COMPNAME_GEN, PAD_COMPNAME_OURSTASH,
4752 PAD_COMPNAME_PV, PAD_COMPNAME_TYPE, PAD_DUP, PAD_RESTORE_LOCAL,
4753 PAD_SAVE_LOCAL, PAD_SAVE_SETNULLPAD, PAD_SETSV, PAD_SET_CUR, PAD_SV,
4754 PAD_SVl, SAVECLEARSV, SAVECOMPPAD, SAVEPADSV
4756 =item Functions in file pp_ctl.c
4760 =item Global Variables
4762 PL_DBsingle, PL_DBsub, PL_DBtrace, PL_dowarn, PL_last_in_gv, PL_ofs_sv,
4773 =item Pad Data Structures
4775 CvPADLIST, cv_clone, cv_dump, do_dump_pad, intro_my, pad_add_anon,
4776 pad_add_name, pad_alloc, pad_block_start, pad_check_dup, pad_findlex,
4777 pad_findmy, pad_fixup_inner_anons, pad_free, pad_leavemy, pad_new,
4778 pad_push, pad_reset, pad_setsv, pad_swipe, pad_tidy, pad_undef
4780 =item Stack Manipulation Macros
4784 =item SV Manipulation Functions
4786 report_uninit, sv_add_arena, sv_clean_all, sv_clean_objs, sv_free_arenas
4794 =head2 perliol - C API for Perl's implementation of IO in Layers.
4804 =item History and Background
4806 =item Layers vs Disciplines
4808 =item Data Structures
4810 =item Functions and Attributes
4812 =item Per-instance Data
4814 =item Layers in action.
4816 =item Per-instance flag bits
4818 PERLIO_F_EOF, PERLIO_F_CANWRITE, PERLIO_F_CANREAD, PERLIO_F_ERROR,
4819 PERLIO_F_TRUNCATE, PERLIO_F_APPEND, PERLIO_F_CRLF, PERLIO_F_UTF8,
4820 PERLIO_F_UNBUF, PERLIO_F_WRBUF, PERLIO_F_RDBUF, PERLIO_F_LINEBUF,
4821 PERLIO_F_TEMP, PERLIO_F_OPEN, PERLIO_F_FASTGETS
4823 =item Methods in Detail
4825 fsize, name, size, kind, PERLIO_K_BUFFERED, PERLIO_K_RAW, PERLIO_K_CANCRLF,
4826 PERLIO_K_FASTGETS, PERLIO_K_MULTIARG, Pushed, Popped, Open, Binmode,
4827 Getarg, Fileno, Dup, Read, Write, Seek, Tell, Close, Flush, Fill, Eof,
4828 Error, Clearerr, Setlinebuf, Get_base, Get_bufsiz, Get_ptr, Get_cnt,
4831 =item Implementing PerlIO Layers
4833 C implementations, Perl implementations
4837 "unix", "perlio", "stdio", "crlf", "mmap", "pending", "raw", "utf8"
4839 =item Extension Layers
4841 ":encoding", ":scalar", ":via"
4849 =head2 perlapio - perl's IO abstraction interface.
4857 1. USE_STDIO, 2. USE_SFIO, 3. USE_PERLIO, B<PerlIO_stdin()>,
4858 B<PerlIO_stdout()>, B<PerlIO_stderr()>, B<PerlIO_open(path, mode)>,
4859 B<PerlIO_fdopen(fd,mode)>, B<PerlIO_reopen(path,mode,f)>,
4860 B<PerlIO_printf(f,fmt,...)>, B<PerlIO_vprintf(f,fmt,a)>,
4861 B<PerlIO_stdoutf(fmt,...)>, B<PerlIO_read(f,buf,count)>,
4862 B<PerlIO_write(f,buf,count)>, B<PerlIO_close(f)>, B<PerlIO_puts(f,s)>,
4863 B<PerlIO_putc(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_ungetc(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_getc(f)>,
4864 B<PerlIO_eof(f)>, B<PerlIO_error(f)>, B<PerlIO_fileno(f)>,
4865 B<PerlIO_clearerr(f)>, B<PerlIO_flush(f)>, B<PerlIO_seek(f,offset,whence)>,
4866 B<PerlIO_tell(f)>, B<PerlIO_getpos(f,p)>, B<PerlIO_setpos(f,p)>,
4867 B<PerlIO_rewind(f)>, B<PerlIO_tmpfile()>, B<PerlIO_setlinebuf(f)>
4871 =item Co-existence with stdio
4873 B<PerlIO_importFILE(f,mode)>, B<PerlIO_exportFILE(f,mode)>,
4874 B<PerlIO_releaseFILE(p,f)>, B<PerlIO_findFILE(f)>
4876 =item "Fast gets" Functions
4878 B<PerlIO_fast_gets(f)>, B<PerlIO_has_cntptr(f)>, B<PerlIO_get_cnt(f)>,
4879 B<PerlIO_get_ptr(f)>, B<PerlIO_set_ptrcnt(f,p,c)>, B<PerlIO_canset_cnt(f)>,
4880 B<PerlIO_set_cnt(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_has_base(f)>, B<PerlIO_get_base(f)>,
4881 B<PerlIO_get_bufsiz(f)>
4883 =item Other Functions
4885 PerlIO_apply_layers(f,mode,layers), PerlIO_binmode(f,ptype,imode,layers),
4886 'E<lt>' read, 'E<gt>' write, '+' read/write, PerlIO_debug(fmt,...)
4892 =head2 perltodo - Perl TO-DO List
4898 =item To do during 5.6.x
4902 =item Support for I/O disciplines
4904 =item Autoload bytes.pm
4906 =item Make "\u{XXXX}" et al work
4908 =item Create a char *sv_pvprintify(sv, STRLEN *lenp, UV flags)
4910 =item Overloadable regex assertions
4914 =item Work out exit/die semantics for threads
4916 =item Better support for nonpreemptive threading systems like GNU pth
4918 =item Typed lexicals for compiler
4920 =item Compiler workarounds for Win32
4922 =item AUTOLOADing in the compiler
4924 =item Fixing comppadlist when compiling
4926 =item Cleaning up exported namespace
4928 =item Complete signal handling
4930 =item Out-of-source builds
4932 =item POSIX realtime support
4934 =item UNIX98 support
4938 =item Long double conversion
4942 =item Arithmetic on non-Arabic numerals
4944 =item POSIX Unicode character classes
4946 =item Factoring out common suffices/prefices in regexps (trie optimization)
4948 =item Security audit shipped utilities
4950 =item Sort out the uid-setting mess
4952 =item Custom opcodes
4954 =item DLL Versioning
4956 =item Introduce @( and @)
4958 =item Floating point handling
4960 =item IV/UV preservation
4962 =item Replace pod2html with something using Pod::Parser
4964 =item Automate module testing on CPAN
4966 =item sendmsg and recvmsg
4968 =item Rewrite perlre documentation
4970 =item Convert example code to IO::Handle filehandles
4972 =item Document Win32 choices
4974 =item Check new modules
4976 =item Make roffitall find pods and libs itself
4980 =item To do at some point
4984 =item Remove regular expression recursion
4986 =item Memory leaks after failed eval
4988 =item bitfields in pack
4990 =item Cross compilation
4992 =item Perl preprocessor / macros
4994 =item Perl lexer in Perl
4996 =item Using POSIX calls internally
4998 =item -i rename file when changed
5000 =item All ARGV input should act like E<lt>E<gt>
5002 =item Support for rerunning debugger
5004 =item Test Suite for the Debugger
5006 =item my sub foo { }
5008 =item One-pass global destruction
5010 =item Rewrite regexp parser
5012 =item Cache recently used regexps
5014 =item Cross-compilation support
5016 =item Bit-shifting bitvectors
5018 =item debugger pragma
5020 =item use less pragma
5022 =item switch structures
5024 =item Cache eval tree
5028 =item Shrink opcode tables
5030 =item Optimize away @_
5032 =item Prototypes versus indirect objects
5036 =item Prototype method calls
5038 =item Return context prototype declarations
5042 =item Garbage collection
5046 =item Rewrite perldoc
5048 =item Install .3p manpages
5050 =item Unicode tutorial
5052 =item Update POSIX.pm for 1003.1-2
5054 =item Retargetable installation
5056 =item POSIX emulation on non-POSIX systems
5058 =item Rename Win32 headers
5060 =item Finish off lvalue functions
5062 =item Update sprintf documentation
5064 =item Use fchown/fchmod internally
5066 =item Make v-strings overloaded objects
5068 =item Allow restricted hash assignment
5070 =item Should overload be inheritable?
5074 =item Perform correctly when XSUBs call subroutines that exit via
5075 goto(LABEL) and friends
5083 =item ref() in list context
5085 =item Make tr/// return histogram of characters in list context
5087 =item Compile to real threaded code
5089 =item Structured types
5091 =item Modifiable $1 et al.
5093 =item Procedural interfaces for IO::*, etc.
5097 =item Attach/detach debugger from running program
5101 =item foreach(reverse ...)
5103 =item Constant function cache
5105 =item Approximate regular expression matching
5113 =item Update guts documentation
5115 =item Add more tests
5117 =item Update auxiliary tools
5119 =item Create debugging macros
5121 =item truncate to the people
5123 =item Unicode in Filenames
5127 =item Unicode in %ENV
5129 =item Recently done things
5133 =item Alternative RE syntax module
5135 =item Safe signal handling
5141 =item setitimer and getimiter
5143 =item Testing __DIE__ hook
5145 =item CPP equivalent in Perl
5147 =item Explicit switch statements
5155 =item perlcc to produce executable
5157 =item END blocks saved in compiled output
5159 =item Secure temporary file module
5161 =item Integrate Time::HiRes
5163 =item Turn Cwd into XS
5165 =item Mmap for input
5167 =item Byte to/from UTF8 and UTF8 to/from local conversion
5169 =item Add sockatmark support
5171 =item Mailing list archives
5175 =item Integrate MacPerl
5177 =item Web "nerve center" for Perl
5179 =item Regular expression tutorial
5181 =item Debugging Tutorial
5183 =item Integrate new modules
5185 =item Integrate profiler
5187 =item Y2K error detection
5189 =item Regular expression debugger
5193 =item "Dynamic" lexicals
5195 =item Cache precompiled modules
5199 =item Deprecated Wishes
5203 =item Loop control on do{}
5205 =item Lexically scoped typeglobs
5211 =item Generalised want()/caller())
5213 =item Named prototypes
5215 =item Built-in globbing
5217 =item Regression tests for suidperl
5219 =item Cached hash values
5221 =item Add compression modules
5223 =item Reorganise documentation into tutorials/references
5225 =item Remove distinction between functions and operators
5227 =item Make XS easier to use
5229 =item Make embedding easier to use
5233 =item my $Package::variable
5235 =item "or" tests defined, not truth
5237 =item "class"-based lexicals
5241 =item Lazy evaluation / tail recursion removal
5243 =item Make "use utf8" the default
5245 =item Unicode collation and normalization
5247 =item pack/unpack tutorial
5253 =head2 perlhack - How to hack at the Perl internals
5259 Does concept match the general goals of Perl?, Where is the
5260 implementation?, Backwards compatibility, Could it be a module instead?, Is
5261 the feature generic enough?, Does it potentially introduce new bugs?, Does
5262 it preclude other desirable features?, Is the implementation robust?, Is
5263 the implementation generic enough to be portable?, Is the implementation
5264 tested?, Is there enough documentation?, Is there another way to do it?,
5265 Does it create too much work?, Patches speak louder than words
5269 =item Keeping in sync
5271 rsync'ing the source tree, Using rsync over the LAN, Using pushing over the
5272 NFS, rsync'ing the patches
5274 =item Why rsync the source tree
5276 It's easier to rsync the source tree, It's more reliable
5278 =item Why rsync the patches
5280 It's easier to rsync the patches, It's a good reference, Finding a start
5281 point, Finding how to fix a bug, Finding the source of misbehaviour
5283 =item Perlbug administration
5285 =item Submitting patches
5287 L<perlguts>, L<perlxstut> and L<perlxs>, L<perlapi>,
5288 F<Porting/pumpkin.pod>, The perl5-porters FAQ
5290 =item Finding Your Way Around
5292 Core modules, Tests, Documentation, Configure, Interpreter
5294 =item Elements of the interpreter
5296 Startup, Parsing, Optimization, Running
5298 =item Internal Variable Types
5304 Argument stack, Mark stack, Save stack
5306 =item Millions of Macros
5308 =item The .i Targets
5310 =item Poking at Perl
5312 =item Using a source-level debugger
5314 run [args], break function_name, break source.c:xxx, step, next, continue,
5315 finish, 'enter', print
5317 =item gdb macro support
5319 =item Dumping Perl Data Structures
5323 =item Patching a core module
5325 =item Adding a new function to the core
5327 =item Writing a test
5329 F<t/base/>, F<t/cmd/>, F<t/comp/>, F<t/io/>, F<t/lib/>, F<t/op/>,
5330 F<t/pod/>, F<t/run/>, F<t/uni/>, F<t/win32/>, F<t/x2p>, t/base t/comp,
5331 t/cmd t/run t/io t/op, t/lib ext lib
5333 =item Special Make Test Targets
5335 coretest, test.deparse, minitest, test.third check.third utest.third
5336 ucheck.third, test.torture torturetest, utest ucheck test.utf8 check.utf8,
5339 =item Running tests by hand
5341 PERL_CORE=1, PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL=2, PERL, PERL_SKIP_TTY_TEST
5345 =item EXTERNAL TOOLS FOR DEBUGGING PERL
5349 =item Rational Software's Purify
5351 =item Purify on Unix
5353 -Accflags=-DPURIFY, -Doptimize='-g', -Uusemymalloc, -Dusemultiplicity
5357 DEFINES, USE_MULTI = define, #PERL_MALLOC = define, CFG = Debug
5359 =item Compaq's/Digital's/HP's Third Degree
5361 =item PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL
5365 =item Gprof Profiling
5367 -a, -b, -e routine, -f routine, -s, -z
5369 =item GCC gcov Profiling
5371 =item Pixie Profiling
5373 -h, -l, -p[rocedures], -h[eavy], -i[nvocations], -l[ines], -testcoverage,
5376 =item Miscellaneous tricks
5380 I<The Road goes ever on and on, down from the door where it began.>
5388 =head2 perldoc - Look up Perl documentation in Pod format.
5398 B<-h>, B<-v>, B<-t>, B<-u>, B<-m> I<module>, B<-l>, B<-F>, B<-f>
5399 I<perlfunc>, B<-q> I<perlfaq-search-regexp>, B<-T>, B<-d>
5400 I<destination-filename>, B<-o> I<output-formatname>, B<-M> I<module-name>,
5401 B<-w> I<option:value> or B<-w> I<option>, B<-X>,
5402 B<PageName|ModuleName|ProgramName>, B<-n> I<some-formatter>, B<-r>, B<-i>,
5413 =head2 perlhist - the Perl history records
5421 =item THE KEEPERS OF THE PUMPKIN
5433 =item SELECTED RELEASE SIZES
5435 =item SELECTED PATCH SIZES
5439 =item THE KEEPERS OF THE RECORDS
5443 =head2 perldelta - what is new for perl v5.9.0
5449 =item Incompatible Changes
5453 =item The C<$*> variable has been removed
5457 =item Core Enhancements
5461 =item Tied Arrays with Negative Array Indices
5465 =item Modules and Pragmata
5467 =item Utility Changes
5469 =item New Documentation
5471 =item Performance Enhancements
5473 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
5475 =item Selected Bug Fixes
5477 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
5479 =item Changed Internals
5483 =item Known Problems
5485 =item Platform Specific Problems
5487 =item Reporting Bugs
5493 =head2 perl58delta, perldelta - what is new for perl v5.8.0
5499 =item Highlights In 5.8.0
5501 =item Incompatible Changes
5505 =item Binary Incompatibility
5507 =item 64-bit platforms and malloc
5509 =item AIX Dynaloading
5511 =item Attributes for C<my> variables now handled at run-time
5513 =item Socket Extension Dynamic in VMS
5515 =item IEEE-format Floating Point Default on OpenVMS Alpha
5517 =item New Unicode Semantics (no more C<use utf8>, almost)
5519 =item New Unicode Properties
5521 =item REF(...) Instead Of SCALAR(...)
5523 =item pack/unpack D/F recycled
5525 =item glob() now returns filenames in alphabetical order
5531 =item Core Enhancements
5535 =item Unicode Overhaul
5537 =item PerlIO is Now The Default
5541 =item Restricted Hashes
5545 =item Understanding of Numbers
5547 =item Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings [561]
5549 =item Miscellaneous Changes
5553 =item Modules and Pragmata
5557 =item New Modules and Pragmata
5559 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
5563 =item Utility Changes
5565 =item New Documentation
5567 =item Performance Enhancements
5569 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
5573 =item Generic Improvements
5575 =item New Or Improved Platforms
5579 =item Selected Bug Fixes
5583 =item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
5587 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
5589 =item Changed Internals
5591 =item Security Vulnerability Closed [561]
5595 =item Known Problems
5599 =item The Compiler Suite Is Still Very Experimental
5601 =item Localising Tied Arrays and Hashes Is Broken
5603 =item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
5605 =item Modifying $_ Inside for(..)
5607 =item mod_perl 1.26 Doesn't Build With Threaded Perl
5609 =item lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
5611 =item libwww-perl (LWP) fails base/date #51
5613 =item PDL failing some tests
5617 =item Self-tying Problems
5619 =item ext/threads/t/libc
5621 =item Failure of Thread (5.005-style) tests
5623 =item Timing problems
5625 =item Tied/Magical Array/Hash Elements Do Not Autovivify
5627 =item Unicode in package/class and subroutine names does not work
5631 =item Platform Specific Problems
5637 =item Alpha systems with old gccs fail several tests
5643 =item Cygwin "unable to remap"
5645 =item Cygwin ndbm tests fail on FAT
5647 =item DJGPP Failures
5649 =item FreeBSD built with ithreads coredumps reading large directories
5651 =item FreeBSD Failing locale Test 117 For ISO 8859-15 Locales
5653 =item IRIX fails ext/List/Util/t/shuffle.t or Digest::MD5
5655 =item HP-UX lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails When LP64-Configured
5657 =item Linux with glibc 2.2.5 fails t/op/int subtest #6 with -Duse64bitint
5659 =item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
5663 =item Mac OS X dyld undefined symbols
5665 =item OS/2 Test Failures
5667 =item op/sprintf tests 91, 129, and 130
5673 =item Solaris x86 Fails Tests With -Duse64bitint
5675 =item SUPER-UX (NEC SX)
5677 =item Term::ReadKey not working on Win32
5689 =item XML::Parser not working
5693 =item Unicode Support on EBCDIC Still Spotty
5695 =item Seen In Perl 5.7 But Gone Now
5699 =item Reporting Bugs
5707 =head2 perl573delta - what's new for perl v5.7.3
5715 =item Reporting Bugs
5723 =head2 perl572delta - what's new for perl v5.7.2
5729 =item Security Vulnerability Closed
5731 =item Incompatible Changes
5735 =item 64-bit platforms and malloc
5737 =item AIX Dynaloading
5739 =item Socket Extension Dynamic in VMS
5741 =item Different Definition of the Unicode Character Classes \p{In...}
5747 =item Core Enhancements
5749 =item Modules and Pragmata
5753 =item New Modules and Distributions
5755 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
5759 =item Utility Changes
5761 =item New Documentation
5763 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
5767 =item New Or Improved Platforms
5769 =item Generic Improvements
5773 =item Selected Bug Fixes
5777 =item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
5781 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
5783 =item Source Code Enhancements
5787 =item MAGIC constants
5789 =item Better commented code
5791 =item Regex pre-/post-compilation items matched up
5799 =item Known Problems
5805 =item Amiga Perl Invoking Mystery
5807 =item lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
5809 =item Cygwin intermittent failures of lib/Memoize/t/expire_file 11 and 12
5811 =item HP-UX lib/io_multihomed Fails When LP64-Configured
5813 =item HP-UX lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails When LP64-Configured
5815 =item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
5819 =item op/sprintf tests 129 and 130
5821 =item Failure of Thread tests
5831 =item Localising a Tied Variable Leaks Memory
5833 =item Self-tying of Arrays and Hashes Is Forbidden
5835 =item Variable Attributes are not Currently Usable for Tieing
5837 =item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
5839 =item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental
5841 =item The Long Double Support is Still Experimental
5845 =item Reporting Bugs
5853 =head2 perl571delta - what's new for perl v5.7.1
5859 =item Security Vulnerability Closed
5861 =item Incompatible Changes
5863 =item Core Enhancements
5867 =item AUTOLOAD Is Now Lvaluable
5869 =item PerlIO is Now The Default
5871 =item Signals Are Now Safe
5875 =item Modules and Pragmata
5881 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
5885 =item Performance Enhancements
5887 =item Utility Changes
5889 =item New Documentation
5905 =item README.solaris
5909 =item Porting/repository.pod
5913 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
5917 =item New Or Improved Platforms
5919 =item Generic Improvements
5921 d_cmsghdr, d_fcntl_can_lock, d_fsync, d_getitimer, d_getpagsz, d_msghdr_s,
5922 need_va_copy, d_readv, d_recvmsg, d_sendmsg, sig_size, d_sockatmark,
5923 d_strtoq, d_u32align, d_ualarm, d_usleep
5927 =item Selected Bug Fixes
5931 =item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
5935 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
5937 =item Changed Internals
5941 =item Known Problems
5945 =item AIX vac 5.0.0.0 May Produce Buggy Code For Perl
5947 =item lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
5949 =item lib/io_multihomed Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
5951 =item Test lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
5955 =item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
5957 =item sigaction test 13 in VMS
5959 =item sprintf tests 129 and 130
5961 =item Failure of Thread tests
5963 =item Localising a Tied Variable Leaks Memory
5965 =item Self-tying of Arrays and Hashes Is Forbidden
5967 =item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
5969 =item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental
5973 =item Reporting Bugs
5981 =head2 perl570delta - what's new for perl v5.7.0
5987 =item Security Vulnerability Closed
5989 =item Incompatible Changes
5991 =item Core Enhancements
5993 =item Modules and Pragmata
5999 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
6003 =item Utility Changes
6005 =item New Documentation
6007 =item Performance Enhancements
6009 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
6013 =item Generic Improvements
6017 =item Selected Bug Fixes
6021 =item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
6025 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
6027 =item Changed Internals
6029 =item Known Problems
6033 =item Unicode Support Still Far From Perfect
6035 =item EBCDIC Still A Lost Platform
6037 =item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
6039 =item ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
6041 =item Test lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
6043 =item Long Doubles Still Don't Work In Solaris
6045 =item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
6047 =item Storable tests fail in some platforms
6049 =item Threads Are Still Experimental
6051 =item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental
6055 =item Reporting Bugs
6063 =head2 perl561delta - what's new for perl v5.6.x
6069 =item Summary of changes between 5.6.0 and 5.6.1
6073 =item Security Issues
6075 =item Core bug fixes
6077 C<UNIVERSAL::isa()>, Memory leaks, Numeric conversions, qw(a\\b), caller(),
6078 Bugs in regular expressions, "slurp" mode, Autovivification of symbolic
6079 references to special variables, Lexical warnings, Spurious warnings and
6080 errors, glob(), Tainting, sort(), #line directives, Subroutine prototypes,
6081 map(), Debugger, PERL5OPT, chop(), Unicode support, 64-bit support,
6082 Compiler, Lvalue subroutines, IO::Socket, File::Find, xsubpp, C<no
6087 =item Configuration issues
6091 =item Bundled modules
6093 B::Concise, File::Temp, Pod::LaTeX, Pod::Text::Overstrike, CGI, CPAN,
6094 Class::Struct, DB_File, Devel::Peek, File::Find, Getopt::Long, IO::Poll,
6095 IPC::Open3, Math::BigFloat, Math::Complex, Net::Ping, Opcode, Pod::Parser,
6096 Pod::Text, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Tie::RefHash, Tie::SubstrHash
6098 =item Platform-specific improvements
6100 NCR MP-RAS, NonStop-UX
6104 =item Core Enhancements
6108 =item Interpreter cloning, threads, and concurrency
6110 =item Lexically scoped warning categories
6112 =item Unicode and UTF-8 support
6114 =item Support for interpolating named characters
6116 =item "our" declarations
6118 =item Support for strings represented as a vector of ordinals
6120 =item Improved Perl version numbering system
6122 =item New syntax for declaring subroutine attributes
6124 =item File and directory handles can be autovivified
6126 =item open() with more than two arguments
6128 =item 64-bit support
6130 =item Large file support
6136 =item Enhanced support for sort() subroutines
6138 =item C<sort $coderef @foo> allowed
6140 =item File globbing implemented internally
6142 =item Support for CHECK blocks
6144 =item POSIX character class syntax [: :] supported
6146 =item Better pseudo-random number generator
6148 =item Improved C<qw//> operator
6150 =item Better worst-case behavior of hashes
6152 =item pack() format 'Z' supported
6154 =item pack() format modifier '!' supported
6156 =item pack() and unpack() support counted strings
6158 =item Comments in pack() templates
6160 =item Weak references
6162 =item Binary numbers supported
6164 =item Lvalue subroutines
6166 =item Some arrows may be omitted in calls through references
6168 =item Boolean assignment operators are legal lvalues
6170 =item exists() is supported on subroutine names
6172 =item exists() and delete() are supported on array elements
6174 =item Pseudo-hashes work better
6176 =item Automatic flushing of output buffers
6178 =item Better diagnostics on meaningless filehandle operations
6180 =item Where possible, buffered data discarded from duped input filehandle
6182 =item eof() has the same old magic as <>
6184 =item binmode() can be used to set :crlf and :raw modes
6186 =item C<-T> filetest recognizes UTF-8 encoded files as "text"
6188 =item system(), backticks and pipe open now reflect exec() failure
6190 =item Improved diagnostics
6192 =item Diagnostics follow STDERR
6194 =item More consistent close-on-exec behavior
6196 =item syswrite() ease-of-use
6198 =item Better syntax checks on parenthesized unary operators
6200 =item Bit operators support full native integer width
6202 =item Improved security features
6204 =item More functional bareword prototype (*)
6206 =item C<require> and C<do> may be overridden
6208 =item $^X variables may now have names longer than one character
6210 =item New variable $^C reflects C<-c> switch
6212 =item New variable $^V contains Perl version as a string
6214 =item Optional Y2K warnings
6216 =item Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings
6220 =item Modules and Pragmata
6226 attributes, B, Benchmark, ByteLoader, constant, charnames, Data::Dumper,
6227 DB, DB_File, Devel::DProf, Devel::Peek, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, English,
6228 Env, Fcntl, File::Compare, File::Find, File::Glob, File::Spec,
6229 File::Spec::Functions, Getopt::Long, IO, JPL, lib, Math::BigInt,
6230 Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Pod::Parser, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Checker,
6231 podchecker, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Find, Pod::Select, podselect, Pod::Usage,
6232 pod2usage, Pod::Text and Pod::Man, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Sys::Hostname,
6233 Term::ANSIColor, Time::Local, Win32, XSLoader, DBM Filters
6239 =item Utility Changes
6253 =item The Perl Debugger
6257 =item Improved Documentation
6259 perlapi.pod, perlboot.pod, perlcompile.pod, perldbmfilter.pod,
6260 perldebug.pod, perldebguts.pod, perlfork.pod, perlfilter.pod, perlhack.pod,
6261 perlintern.pod, perllexwarn.pod, perlnumber.pod, perlopentut.pod,
6262 perlreftut.pod, perltootc.pod, perltodo.pod, perlunicode.pod
6264 =item Performance enhancements
6268 =item Simple sort() using { $a <=> $b } and the like are optimized
6270 =item Optimized assignments to lexical variables
6272 =item Faster subroutine calls
6274 =item delete(), each(), values() and hash iteration are faster
6278 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
6282 =item -Dusethreads means something different
6284 =item New Configure flags
6286 =item Threadedness and 64-bitness now more daring
6292 =item -Duselargefiles
6294 =item installusrbinperl
6300 =item Enhanced Installation Directories
6302 =item gcc automatically tried if 'cc' does not seem to be working
6306 =item Platform specific changes
6310 =item Supported platforms
6314 =item OS390 (OpenEdition MVS)
6322 =item Significant bug fixes
6326 =item <HANDLE> on empty files
6328 =item C<eval '...'> improvements
6330 =item All compilation errors are true errors
6332 =item Implicitly closed filehandles are safer
6334 =item Behavior of list slices is more consistent
6336 =item C<(\$)> prototype and C<$foo{a}>
6338 =item C<goto &sub> and AUTOLOAD
6340 =item C<-bareword> allowed under C<use integer>
6342 =item Failures in DESTROY()
6344 =item Locale bugs fixed
6348 =item Spurious subroutine stubs after failed subroutine calls
6350 =item Taint failures under C<-U>
6352 =item END blocks and the C<-c> switch
6354 =item Potential to leak DATA filehandles
6358 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
6360 "%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same %s, "my sub" not yet
6361 implemented, "our" variable %s redeclared, '!' allowed only after types %s,
6362 / cannot take a count, / must be followed by a, A or Z, / must be followed
6363 by a*, A* or Z*, / must follow a numeric type, /%s/: Unrecognized escape
6364 \\%c passed through, /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c in character class
6365 passed through, /%s/ should probably be written as "%s", %s() called too
6366 early to check prototype, %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element, %s
6367 argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or slice, %s argument is not a
6368 subroutine name, %s package attribute may clash with future reserved word:
6369 %s, (in cleanup) %s, <> should be quotes, Attempt to join self, Bad evalled
6370 substitution pattern, Bad realloc() ignored, Bareword found in conditional,
6371 Binary number > 0b11111111111111111111111111111111 non-portable, Bit vector
6372 size > 32 non-portable, Buffer overflow in prime_env_iter: %s, Can't check
6373 filesystem of script "%s", Can't declare class for non-scalar %s in "%s",
6374 Can't declare %s in "%s", Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default,
6375 Can't modify non-lvalue subroutine call, Can't read CRTL environ, Can't
6376 remove %s: %s, skipping file, Can't return %s from lvalue subroutine, Can't
6377 weaken a nonreference, Character class [:%s:] unknown, Character class
6378 syntax [%s] belongs inside character classes, Constant is not %s reference,
6379 constant(%s): %s, CORE::%s is not a keyword, defined(@array) is deprecated,
6380 defined(%hash) is deprecated, Did not produce a valid header, (Did you mean
6381 "local" instead of "our"?), Document contains no data, entering effective
6382 %s failed, false [] range "%s" in regexp, Filehandle %s opened only for
6383 output, flock() on closed filehandle %s, Global symbol "%s" requires
6384 explicit package name, Hexadecimal number > 0xffffffff non-portable,
6385 Ill-formed CRTL environ value "%s", Ill-formed message in prime_env_iter:
6386 |%s|, Illegal binary digit %s, Illegal binary digit %s ignored, Illegal
6387 number of bits in vec, Integer overflow in %s number, Invalid %s attribute:
6388 %s, Invalid %s attributes: %s, invalid [] range "%s" in regexp, Invalid
6389 separator character %s in attribute list, Invalid separator character %s in
6390 subroutine attribute list, leaving effective %s failed, Lvalue subs
6391 returning %s not implemented yet, Method %s not permitted, Missing
6392 %sbrace%s on \N{}, Missing command in piped open, Missing name in "my sub",
6393 No %s specified for -%c, No package name allowed for variable %s in "our",
6394 No space allowed after -%c, no UTC offset information; assuming local time
6395 is UTC, Octal number > 037777777777 non-portable, panic: del_backref,
6396 panic: kid popen errno read, panic: magic_killbackrefs, Parentheses missing
6397 around "%s" list, Possible unintended interpolation of %s in string,
6398 Possible Y2K bug: %s, pragma "attrs" is deprecated, use "sub NAME : ATTRS"
6399 instead, Premature end of script headers, Repeat count in pack overflows,
6400 Repeat count in unpack overflows, realloc() of freed memory ignored,
6401 Reference is already weak, setpgrp can't take arguments, Strange *+?{} on
6402 zero-length expression, switching effective %s is not implemented, This
6403 Perl can't reset CRTL environ elements (%s), This Perl can't set CRTL
6404 environ elements (%s=%s), Too late to run %s block, Unknown open() mode
6405 '%s', Unknown process %x sent message to prime_env_iter: %s, Unrecognized
6406 escape \\%c passed through, Unterminated attribute parameter in attribute
6407 list, Unterminated attribute list, Unterminated attribute parameter in
6408 subroutine attribute list, Unterminated subroutine attribute list, Value of
6409 CLI symbol "%s" too long, Version number must be a constant number
6413 =item Incompatible Changes
6417 =item Perl Source Incompatibilities
6419 CHECK is a new keyword, Treatment of list slices of undef has changed,
6420 Format of $English::PERL_VERSION is different, Literals of the form
6421 C<1.2.3> parse differently, Possibly changed pseudo-random number
6422 generator, Hashing function for hash keys has changed, C<undef> fails on
6423 read only values, Close-on-exec bit may be set on pipe and socket handles,
6424 Writing C<"$$1"> to mean C<"${$}1"> is unsupported, delete(), each(),
6425 values() and C<\(%h)>, vec(EXPR,OFFSET,BITS) enforces powers-of-two BITS,
6426 Text of some diagnostic output has changed, C<%@> has been removed,
6427 Parenthesized not() behaves like a list operator, Semantics of bareword
6428 prototype C<(*)> have changed, Semantics of bit operators may have changed
6429 on 64-bit platforms, More builtins taint their results
6431 =item C Source Incompatibilities
6433 C<PERL_POLLUTE>, C<PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT>, C<PERL_POLLUTE_MALLOC>
6435 =item Compatible C Source API Changes
6437 C<PATCHLEVEL> is now C<PERL_VERSION>
6439 =item Binary Incompatibilities
6443 =item Known Problems
6447 =item Localizing a tied hash element may leak memory
6449 =item Known test failures
6451 =item EBCDIC platforms not fully supported
6453 =item UNICOS/mk CC failures during Configure run
6455 =item Arrow operator and arrays
6457 =item Experimental features
6459 Threads, Unicode, 64-bit support, Lvalue subroutines, Weak references, The
6460 pseudo-hash data type, The Compiler suite, Internal implementation of file
6461 globbing, The DB module, The regular expression code constructs:
6465 =item Obsolete Diagnostics
6467 Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Ill-formed
6468 logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter, In string, @%s now must be written as
6469 \@%s, Probable precedence problem on %s, regexp too big, Use of "$$<digit>"
6470 to mean "${$}<digit>" is deprecated
6472 =item Reporting Bugs
6480 =head2 perl56delta - what's new for perl v5.6.0
6486 =item Core Enhancements
6490 =item Interpreter cloning, threads, and concurrency
6492 =item Lexically scoped warning categories
6494 =item Unicode and UTF-8 support
6496 =item Support for interpolating named characters
6498 =item "our" declarations
6500 =item Support for strings represented as a vector of ordinals
6502 =item Improved Perl version numbering system
6504 =item New syntax for declaring subroutine attributes
6506 =item File and directory handles can be autovivified
6508 =item open() with more than two arguments
6510 =item 64-bit support
6512 =item Large file support
6518 =item Enhanced support for sort() subroutines
6520 =item C<sort $coderef @foo> allowed
6522 =item File globbing implemented internally
6524 =item Support for CHECK blocks
6526 =item POSIX character class syntax [: :] supported
6528 =item Better pseudo-random number generator
6530 =item Improved C<qw//> operator
6532 =item Better worst-case behavior of hashes
6534 =item pack() format 'Z' supported
6536 =item pack() format modifier '!' supported
6538 =item pack() and unpack() support counted strings
6540 =item Comments in pack() templates
6542 =item Weak references
6544 =item Binary numbers supported
6546 =item Lvalue subroutines
6548 =item Some arrows may be omitted in calls through references
6550 =item Boolean assignment operators are legal lvalues
6552 =item exists() is supported on subroutine names
6554 =item exists() and delete() are supported on array elements
6556 =item Pseudo-hashes work better
6558 =item Automatic flushing of output buffers
6560 =item Better diagnostics on meaningless filehandle operations
6562 =item Where possible, buffered data discarded from duped input filehandle
6564 =item eof() has the same old magic as <>
6566 =item binmode() can be used to set :crlf and :raw modes
6568 =item C<-T> filetest recognizes UTF-8 encoded files as "text"
6570 =item system(), backticks and pipe open now reflect exec() failure
6572 =item Improved diagnostics
6574 =item Diagnostics follow STDERR
6576 =item More consistent close-on-exec behavior
6578 =item syswrite() ease-of-use
6580 =item Better syntax checks on parenthesized unary operators
6582 =item Bit operators support full native integer width
6584 =item Improved security features
6586 =item More functional bareword prototype (*)
6588 =item C<require> and C<do> may be overridden
6590 =item $^X variables may now have names longer than one character
6592 =item New variable $^C reflects C<-c> switch
6594 =item New variable $^V contains Perl version as a string
6596 =item Optional Y2K warnings
6598 =item Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings
6602 =item Modules and Pragmata
6608 attributes, B, Benchmark, ByteLoader, constant, charnames, Data::Dumper,
6609 DB, DB_File, Devel::DProf, Devel::Peek, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, English,
6610 Env, Fcntl, File::Compare, File::Find, File::Glob, File::Spec,
6611 File::Spec::Functions, Getopt::Long, IO, JPL, lib, Math::BigInt,
6612 Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Pod::Parser, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Checker,
6613 podchecker, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Find, Pod::Select, podselect, Pod::Usage,
6614 pod2usage, Pod::Text and Pod::Man, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Sys::Hostname,
6615 Term::ANSIColor, Time::Local, Win32, XSLoader, DBM Filters
6621 =item Utility Changes
6635 =item The Perl Debugger
6639 =item Improved Documentation
6641 perlapi.pod, perlboot.pod, perlcompile.pod, perldbmfilter.pod,
6642 perldebug.pod, perldebguts.pod, perlfork.pod, perlfilter.pod, perlhack.pod,
6643 perlintern.pod, perllexwarn.pod, perlnumber.pod, perlopentut.pod,
6644 perlreftut.pod, perltootc.pod, perltodo.pod, perlunicode.pod
6646 =item Performance enhancements
6650 =item Simple sort() using { $a <=> $b } and the like are optimized
6652 =item Optimized assignments to lexical variables
6654 =item Faster subroutine calls
6656 =item delete(), each(), values() and hash iteration are faster
6660 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
6664 =item -Dusethreads means something different
6666 =item New Configure flags
6668 =item Threadedness and 64-bitness now more daring
6674 =item -Duselargefiles
6676 =item installusrbinperl
6682 =item Enhanced Installation Directories
6686 =item Platform specific changes
6690 =item Supported platforms
6694 =item OS390 (OpenEdition MVS)
6702 =item Significant bug fixes
6706 =item <HANDLE> on empty files
6708 =item C<eval '...'> improvements
6710 =item All compilation errors are true errors
6712 =item Implicitly closed filehandles are safer
6714 =item Behavior of list slices is more consistent
6716 =item C<(\$)> prototype and C<$foo{a}>
6718 =item C<goto &sub> and AUTOLOAD
6720 =item C<-bareword> allowed under C<use integer>
6722 =item Failures in DESTROY()
6724 =item Locale bugs fixed
6728 =item Spurious subroutine stubs after failed subroutine calls
6730 =item Taint failures under C<-U>
6732 =item END blocks and the C<-c> switch
6734 =item Potential to leak DATA filehandles
6738 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
6740 "%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same %s, "my sub" not yet
6741 implemented, "our" variable %s redeclared, '!' allowed only after types %s,
6742 / cannot take a count, / must be followed by a, A or Z, / must be followed
6743 by a*, A* or Z*, / must follow a numeric type, /%s/: Unrecognized escape
6744 \\%c passed through, /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c in character class
6745 passed through, /%s/ should probably be written as "%s", %s() called too
6746 early to check prototype, %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element, %s
6747 argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or slice, %s argument is not a
6748 subroutine name, %s package attribute may clash with future reserved word:
6749 %s, (in cleanup) %s, <> should be quotes, Attempt to join self, Bad evalled
6750 substitution pattern, Bad realloc() ignored, Bareword found in conditional,
6751 Binary number > 0b11111111111111111111111111111111 non-portable, Bit vector
6752 size > 32 non-portable, Buffer overflow in prime_env_iter: %s, Can't check
6753 filesystem of script "%s", Can't declare class for non-scalar %s in "%s",
6754 Can't declare %s in "%s", Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default,
6755 Can't modify non-lvalue subroutine call, Can't read CRTL environ, Can't
6756 remove %s: %s, skipping file, Can't return %s from lvalue subroutine, Can't
6757 weaken a nonreference, Character class [:%s:] unknown, Character class
6758 syntax [%s] belongs inside character classes, Constant is not %s reference,
6759 constant(%s): %s, CORE::%s is not a keyword, defined(@array) is deprecated,
6760 defined(%hash) is deprecated, Did not produce a valid header, (Did you mean
6761 "local" instead of "our"?), Document contains no data, entering effective
6762 %s failed, false [] range "%s" in regexp, Filehandle %s opened only for
6763 output, flock() on closed filehandle %s, Global symbol "%s" requires
6764 explicit package name, Hexadecimal number > 0xffffffff non-portable,
6765 Ill-formed CRTL environ value "%s", Ill-formed message in prime_env_iter:
6766 |%s|, Illegal binary digit %s, Illegal binary digit %s ignored, Illegal
6767 number of bits in vec, Integer overflow in %s number, Invalid %s attribute:
6768 %s, Invalid %s attributes: %s, invalid [] range "%s" in regexp, Invalid
6769 separator character %s in attribute list, Invalid separator character %s in
6770 subroutine attribute list, leaving effective %s failed, Lvalue subs
6771 returning %s not implemented yet, Method %s not permitted, Missing
6772 %sbrace%s on \N{}, Missing command in piped open, Missing name in "my sub",
6773 No %s specified for -%c, No package name allowed for variable %s in "our",
6774 No space allowed after -%c, no UTC offset information; assuming local time
6775 is UTC, Octal number > 037777777777 non-portable, panic: del_backref,
6776 panic: kid popen errno read, panic: magic_killbackrefs, Parentheses missing
6777 around "%s" list, Possible unintended interpolation of %s in string,
6778 Possible Y2K bug: %s, pragma "attrs" is deprecated, use "sub NAME : ATTRS"
6779 instead, Premature end of script headers, Repeat count in pack overflows,
6780 Repeat count in unpack overflows, realloc() of freed memory ignored,
6781 Reference is already weak, setpgrp can't take arguments, Strange *+?{} on
6782 zero-length expression, switching effective %s is not implemented, This
6783 Perl can't reset CRTL environ elements (%s), This Perl can't set CRTL
6784 environ elements (%s=%s), Too late to run %s block, Unknown open() mode
6785 '%s', Unknown process %x sent message to prime_env_iter: %s, Unrecognized
6786 escape \\%c passed through, Unterminated attribute parameter in attribute
6787 list, Unterminated attribute list, Unterminated attribute parameter in
6788 subroutine attribute list, Unterminated subroutine attribute list, Value of
6789 CLI symbol "%s" too long, Version number must be a constant number
6793 =item Incompatible Changes
6797 =item Perl Source Incompatibilities
6799 CHECK is a new keyword, Treatment of list slices of undef has changed,
6800 Format of $English::PERL_VERSION is different, Literals of the form
6801 C<1.2.3> parse differently, Possibly changed pseudo-random number
6802 generator, Hashing function for hash keys has changed, C<undef> fails on
6803 read only values, Close-on-exec bit may be set on pipe and socket handles,
6804 Writing C<"$$1"> to mean C<"${$}1"> is unsupported, delete(), each(),
6805 values() and C<\(%h)>, vec(EXPR,OFFSET,BITS) enforces powers-of-two BITS,
6806 Text of some diagnostic output has changed, C<%@> has been removed,
6807 Parenthesized not() behaves like a list operator, Semantics of bareword
6808 prototype C<(*)> have changed, Semantics of bit operators may have changed
6809 on 64-bit platforms, More builtins taint their results
6811 =item C Source Incompatibilities
6813 C<PERL_POLLUTE>, C<PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT>, C<PERL_POLLUTE_MALLOC>
6815 =item Compatible C Source API Changes
6817 C<PATCHLEVEL> is now C<PERL_VERSION>
6819 =item Binary Incompatibilities
6823 =item Known Problems
6827 =item Thread test failures
6829 =item EBCDIC platforms not supported
6831 =item In 64-bit HP-UX the lib/io_multihomed test may hang
6833 =item NEXTSTEP 3.3 POSIX test failure
6835 =item Tru64 (aka Digital UNIX, aka DEC OSF/1) lib/sdbm test failure with
6838 =item UNICOS/mk CC failures during Configure run
6840 =item Arrow operator and arrays
6842 =item Experimental features
6844 Threads, Unicode, 64-bit support, Lvalue subroutines, Weak references, The
6845 pseudo-hash data type, The Compiler suite, Internal implementation of file
6846 globbing, The DB module, The regular expression code constructs:
6850 =item Obsolete Diagnostics
6852 Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Ill-formed
6853 logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter, In string, @%s now must be written as
6854 \@%s, Probable precedence problem on %s, regexp too big, Use of "$$<digit>"
6855 to mean "${$}<digit>" is deprecated
6857 =item Reporting Bugs
6865 =head2 perl5005delta - what's new for perl5.005
6871 =item About the new versioning system
6873 =item Incompatible Changes
6877 =item WARNING: This version is not binary compatible with Perl 5.004.
6879 =item Default installation structure has changed
6881 =item Perl Source Compatibility
6883 =item C Source Compatibility
6885 =item Binary Compatibility
6887 =item Security fixes may affect compatibility
6889 =item Relaxed new mandatory warnings introduced in 5.004
6903 =item Regular Expressions
6905 Many new and improved optimizations, Many bug fixes, New regular expression
6906 constructs, New operator for precompiled regular expressions, Other
6907 improvements, Incompatible changes
6909 =item Improved malloc()
6911 =item Quicksort is internally implemented
6913 =item Reliable signals
6915 =item Reliable stack pointers
6917 =item More generous treatment of carriage returns
6921 =item Better support for multiple interpreters
6923 =item Behavior of local() on array and hash elements is now well-defined
6925 =item C<%!> is transparently tied to the L<Errno> module
6927 =item Pseudo-hashes are supported
6929 =item C<EXPR foreach EXPR> is supported
6931 =item Keywords can be globally overridden
6933 =item C<$^E> is meaningful on Win32
6935 =item C<foreach (1..1000000)> optimized
6937 =item C<Foo::> can be used as implicitly quoted package name
6939 =item C<exists $Foo::{Bar::}> tests existence of a package
6941 =item Better locale support
6943 =item Experimental support for 64-bit platforms
6945 =item prototype() returns useful results on builtins
6947 =item Extended support for exception handling
6949 =item Re-blessing in DESTROY() supported for chaining DESTROY() methods
6951 =item All C<printf> format conversions are handled internally
6953 =item New C<INIT> keyword
6955 =item New C<lock> keyword
6957 =item New C<qr//> operator
6959 =item C<our> is now a reserved word
6961 =item Tied arrays are now fully supported
6963 =item Tied handles support is better
6965 =item 4th argument to substr
6967 =item Negative LENGTH argument to splice
6969 =item Magic lvalues are now more magical
6971 =item <> now reads in records
6975 =item Supported Platforms
6981 =item Changes in existing support
6985 =item Modules and Pragmata
6991 B, Data::Dumper, Dumpvalue, Errno, File::Spec, ExtUtils::Installed,
6992 ExtUtils::Packlist, Fatal, IPC::SysV, Test, Tie::Array, Tie::Handle,
6993 Thread, attrs, fields, re
6995 =item Changes in existing modules
6997 Benchmark, Carp, CGI, Fcntl, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, POSIX, DB_File,
6998 MakeMaker, CPAN, Cwd
7002 =item Utility Changes
7004 =item Documentation Changes
7006 =item New Diagnostics
7008 Ambiguous call resolved as CORE::%s(), qualify as such or use &, Bad index
7009 while coercing array into hash, Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent
7010 package, Can't call method "%s" on an undefined value, Can't check
7011 filesystem of script "%s" for nosuid, Can't coerce array into hash, Can't
7012 goto subroutine from an eval-string, Can't localize pseudo-hash element,
7013 Can't use %%! because Errno.pm is not available, Cannot find an opnumber
7014 for "%s", Character class syntax [. .] is reserved for future extensions,
7015 Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Character
7016 class syntax [= =] is reserved for future extensions, %s: Eval-group in
7017 insecure regular expression, %s: Eval-group not allowed, use re 'eval', %s:
7018 Eval-group not allowed at run time, Explicit blessing to '' (assuming
7019 package main), Illegal hex digit ignored, No such array field, No such
7020 field "%s" in variable %s of type %s, Out of memory during ridiculously
7021 large request, Range iterator outside integer range, Recursive inheritance
7022 detected while looking for method '%s' %s, Reference found where even-sized
7023 list expected, Undefined value assigned to typeglob, Use of reserved word
7024 "%s" is deprecated, perl: warning: Setting locale failed
7026 =item Obsolete Diagnostics
7028 Can't mktemp(), Can't write to temp file for B<-e>: %s, Cannot open
7029 temporary file, regexp too big
7031 =item Configuration Changes
7041 =head2 perl5004delta - what's new for perl5.004
7047 =item Supported Environments
7053 =item List assignment to %ENV works
7055 =item Change to "Can't locate Foo.pm in @INC" error
7057 =item Compilation option: Binary compatibility with 5.003
7059 =item $PERL5OPT environment variable
7061 =item Limitations on B<-M>, B<-m>, and B<-T> options
7063 =item More precise warnings
7065 =item Deprecated: Inherited C<AUTOLOAD> for non-methods
7067 =item Previously deprecated %OVERLOAD is no longer usable
7069 =item Subroutine arguments created only when they're modified
7071 =item Group vector changeable with C<$)>
7073 =item Fixed parsing of $$<digit>, &$<digit>, etc.
7075 =item Fixed localization of $<digit>, $&, etc.
7077 =item No resetting of $. on implicit close
7079 =item C<wantarray> may return undef
7081 =item C<eval EXPR> determines value of EXPR in scalar context
7083 =item Changes to tainting checks
7085 No glob() or <*>, No spawning if tainted $CDPATH, $ENV, $BASH_ENV, No
7086 spawning if tainted $TERM doesn't look like a terminal name
7088 =item New Opcode module and revised Safe module
7090 =item Embedding improvements
7092 =item Internal change: FileHandle class based on IO::* classes
7094 =item Internal change: PerlIO abstraction interface
7096 =item New and changed syntax
7100 =item New and changed builtin constants
7104 =item New and changed builtin variables
7108 =item New and changed builtin functions
7110 delete on slices, flock, printf and sprintf, keys as an lvalue, my() in
7111 Control Structures, pack() and unpack(), sysseek(), use VERSION, use Module
7112 VERSION LIST, prototype(FUNCTION), srand, $_ as Default, C<m//gc> does not
7113 reset search position on failure, C<m//x> ignores whitespace before ?*+{},
7114 nested C<sub{}> closures work now, formats work right on changing lexicals
7116 =item New builtin methods
7118 isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] )
7120 =item TIEHANDLE now supported
7122 TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this, LIST, READ this
7123 LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, DESTROY this
7125 =item Malloc enhancements
7127 -DPERL_EMERGENCY_SBRK, -DPACK_MALLOC, -DTWO_POT_OPTIMIZE
7129 =item Miscellaneous efficiency enhancements
7133 =item Support for More Operating Systems
7149 use autouse MODULE => qw(sub1 sub2 sub3), use blib, use blib 'dir', use
7150 constant NAME => VALUE, use locale, use ops, use vmsish
7156 =item Required Updates
7158 =item Installation directories
7160 =item Module information summary
7174 =item Object-oriented overrides for builtin operators
7178 =item Utility Changes
7184 Sends converted HTML to standard output
7188 C<void> XSUBs now default to returning nothing
7192 =item C Language API Changes
7194 C<gv_fetchmethod> and C<perl_call_sv>, C<perl_eval_pv>, Extended API for
7197 =item Documentation Changes
7199 L<perldelta>, L<perlfaq>, L<perllocale>, L<perltoot>, L<perlapio>,
7200 L<perlmodlib>, L<perldebug>, L<perlsec>
7202 =item New Diagnostics
7204 "my" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same scope, %s argument is
7205 not a HASH element or slice, Allocation too large: %lx, Allocation too
7206 large, Applying %s to %s will act on scalar(%s), Attempt to free
7207 nonexistent shared string, Attempt to use reference as lvalue in substr,
7208 Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent package, Can't redefine active sort
7209 subroutine %s, Can't use bareword ("%s") as %s ref while "strict refs" in
7210 use, Cannot resolve method `%s' overloading `%s' in package `%s', Constant
7211 subroutine %s redefined, Constant subroutine %s undefined, Copy method did
7212 not return a reference, Died, Exiting pseudo-block via %s, Identifier too
7213 long, Illegal character %s (carriage return), Illegal switch in PERL5OPT:
7214 %s, Integer overflow in hex number, Integer overflow in octal number,
7215 internal error: glob failed, Invalid conversion in %s: "%s", Invalid type
7216 in pack: '%s', Invalid type in unpack: '%s', Name "%s::%s" used only once:
7217 possible typo, Null picture in formline, Offset outside string, Out of
7218 memory!, Out of memory during request for %s, panic: frexp, Possible
7219 attempt to put comments in qw() list, Possible attempt to separate words
7220 with commas, Scalar value @%s{%s} better written as $%s{%s}, Stub found
7221 while resolving method `%s' overloading `%s' in %s, Too late for "B<-T>"
7222 option, untie attempted while %d inner references still exist, Unrecognized
7223 character %s, Unsupported function fork, Use of "$$<digit>" to mean
7224 "${$}<digit>" is deprecated, Value of %s can be "0"; test with defined(),
7225 Variable "%s" may be unavailable, Variable "%s" will not stay shared,
7226 Warning: something's wrong, Ill-formed logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter,
7227 Got an error from DosAllocMem, Malformed PERLLIB_PREFIX, PERL_SH_DIR too
7228 long, Process terminated by SIG%s
7238 =head2 perlartistic -- the Perl Artistic License
7246 =item The "Artistic License"
7254 "Package", "Standard Version", "Copyright Holder", "You", "Reasonable
7255 copying fee", "Freely Available"
7259 a), b), c), d), a), b), c), d)
7265 =head2 perlgpl -- the GNU Public General Public License, version 2
7277 =item GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
7281 =head2 perlaix, README.aix - Perl version 5 on IBM Unix (AIX) systems
7289 =item Compiling Perl 5 on AIX
7293 =item Building Dynamic Extensions on AIX
7295 =item The IBM ANSI C Compiler
7297 =item Using GNU's gcc for building perl
7299 =item Using Large Files with Perl
7305 =item AIX 4.2 and extensions using C++ with statics
7315 =head2 perlapollo, README.apollo - Perl version 5 on Apollo DomainOS
7325 =head2 perlamiga - Perl under Amiga OS
7341 =item Prerequisites for Compiling Perl on AmigaOS
7343 B<Unix emulation for AmigaOS: ixemul.library>, B<Version of Amiga OS>
7345 =item Starting Perl programs under AmigaOS
7347 =item Shortcomings of Perl under AmigaOS
7353 =item Accessing documentation
7357 =item Manpages for Perl on AmigaOS
7359 =item Perl HTML Documentation on AmigaOS
7361 =item Perl GNU Info Files on AmigaOS
7363 =item Perl LaTeX Documentation on AmigaOS
7367 =item BUILDING PERL ON AMIGAOS
7371 =item Build Prerequisites for Perl on AmigaOS
7373 =item Getting the Perl Source for AmigaOS
7375 =item Making Perl on AmigaOS
7377 =item Testing Perl on AmigaOS
7379 =item Installing the built Perl on AmigaOS
7383 =item PERL 5.8.0 BROKEN IN AMIGAOS
7391 =head2 perlbeos, README.beos - Perl version 5 on BeOS
7399 =item General Issues with Perl on BeOS
7401 =item BeOS Release-specific Notes
7405 =item Contact Information
7407 =item Update 2002-05-30
7413 =head2 perlbs2000, README.BS2000 - building and installing Perl for BS2000.
7423 =item gzip on BS2000
7425 =item bison on BS2000
7427 =item Unpacking Perl Distribution on BS2000
7429 =item Compiling Perl on BS2000
7431 =item Testing Perl on BS2000
7433 =item Installing Perl on BS2000
7435 =item Using Perl in the Posix-Shell of BS2000
7437 =item Using Perl in "native" BS2000
7439 =item Floating point anomalies on BS2000
7469 Microsoft Embedded Visual Tools, Microsoft Visual C++, Rainer Keuchel's
7470 celib-sources, Rainer Keuchel's console-sources
7474 go to ./wince subdirectory, edit file compile.bat, run compile.bat, run
7479 =item Acknowledgements
7485 =head2 perlcygwin, README.cygwin - Perl for Cygwin
7491 =item PREREQUISITES FOR COMPILING PERL ON CYGWIN
7495 =item Cygwin = GNU+Cygnus+Windows (Don't leave UNIX without it)
7497 =item Cygwin Configuration
7499 C<PATH>, I<nroff>, Permissions
7503 =item CONFIGURE PERL ON CYGWIN
7507 =item Stripping Perl Binaries on Cygwin
7509 =item Optional Libraries for Perl on Cygwin
7511 C<-lcrypt>, C<-lgdbm> (C<use GDBM_File>), C<-ldb> (C<use DB_File>),
7512 C<-lcygipc> (C<use IPC::SysV>), C<-lutil>
7514 =item Configure-time Options for Perl on Cygwin
7516 C<-Uusedl>, C<-Uusemymalloc>, C<-Uuseperlio>, C<-Dusemultiplicity>,
7517 C<-Duse64bitint>, C<-Duselongdouble>, C<-Dusethreads>, C<-Duselargefiles>,
7520 =item Suspicious Warnings on Cygwin
7522 I<dlsym()>, Win9x and C<d_eofnblk>, Compiler/Preprocessor defines
7526 =item MAKE ON CYGWIN
7530 =item Warnings on Cygwin
7536 =item TEST ON CYGWIN
7540 =item File Permissions on Cygwin
7542 =item NDBM_File and ODBM_File do not work on FAT filesystems
7544 =item C<fork()> failures in io_* tests
7546 =item Script Portability on Cygwin
7548 Pathnames, Text/Binary, PerlIO, F<.exe>, C<chown()>, Miscellaneous
7552 =item INSTALL PERL ON CYGWIN
7554 =item MANIFEST ON CYGWIN
7556 Documentation, Build, Configure, Make, Install, Tests, Compiled Perl
7557 Source, Compiled Module Source, Perl Modules/Scripts
7559 =item BUGS ON CYGWIN
7567 =head2 perldgux - Perl under DG/UX.
7579 =item BUILDING PERL ON DG/UX
7583 =item Non-threaded Perl on DG/UX
7585 =item Threaded Perl on DG/UX
7587 =item Testing Perl on DG/UX
7589 =item Installing the built perl on DG/UX
7599 =head2 perldos - Perl under DOS, W31, W95.
7609 =item Prerequisites for Compiling Perl on DOS
7613 =item Shortcomings of Perl under DOS
7615 =item Building Perl on DOS
7617 =item Testing Perl on DOS
7619 =item Installation of Perl on DOS
7623 =item BUILDING AND INSTALLING MODULES ON DOS
7627 =item Building Prerequisites for Perl on DOS
7629 =item Unpacking CPAN Modules on DOS
7631 =item Building Non-XS Modules on DOS
7633 =item Building XS Modules on DOS
7643 =head2 perlepoc, README.epoc - Perl for EPOC
7651 =item INSTALLING PERL ON EPOC
7653 =item STARTING PERL ON EPOC
7657 =item Editors on Epoc
7659 =item Features of Perl on Epoc
7661 =item Restrictions of Perl on Epoc
7663 =item Compiling Perl 5 on the EPOC cross compiling environment
7667 =item SUPPORT STATUS OF PERL ON EPOC
7675 =head2 perlfreebsd, README.freebsd - Perl version 5 on FreeBSD systems
7683 =item FreeBSD core dumps from readdir_r with ithreads
7685 =item $^X doesn't always contain a full path in FreeBSD
7687 =item Perl will no longer be part of "base FreeBSD"
7695 =head2 perlhpux, README.hpux - Perl version 5 on Hewlett-Packard Unix
7704 =item Using perl as shipped with HP-UX
7706 =item Using perl from HP's porting centre
7708 =item Compiling Perl 5 on HP-UX
7720 =item Portability Between PA-RISC Versions
7722 =item Itanium Processor Family and HP-UX
7724 =item Building Dynamic Extensions on HP-UX
7726 =item The HP ANSI C Compiler
7728 =item The GNU C Compiler
7730 =item Using Large Files with Perl on HP-UX
7732 =item Threaded Perl on HP-UX
7734 =item 64-bit Perl on HP-UX
7736 =item Oracle on HP-UX
7738 =item GDBM and Threads on HP-UX
7740 =item NFS filesystems and utime(2) on HP-UX
7742 =item perl -P and // and HP-UX
7744 =item HP-UX Kernel Parameters (maxdsiz) for Compiling Perl
7748 =item nss_delete core dump from op/pwent or op/grent
7756 =head2 perlhurd, README.hurd - Perl version 5 on Hurd
7764 =item Known Problems with Perl on Hurd
7772 =head2 perlirix, README.irix - Perl version 5 on Irix systems
7780 =item Building 32-bit Perl in Irix
7782 =item Building 64-bit Perl in Irix
7784 =item About Compiler Versions of Irix
7786 =item Linker Problems in Irix
7788 =item Malloc in Irix
7790 =item Building with threads in Irix
7800 =head2 perlmachten, README.machten - Perl version 5 on Power MachTen
7809 =item Compiling Perl 5 on MachTen
7811 =item Failures during C<make test> on MachTen
7813 op/lexassign.t, pragma/warnings.t
7815 =item Building external modules on MachTen
7825 =head2 perlmacos, README.macos - Perl under Mac OS (Classic)
7839 =head2 perlmacosx, README.macosx - Perl under Mac OS X
7847 =item INSTALLATION PREFIX
7849 =item LIBPERL AND PREBINDING
7851 =item UPDATING PANTHER
7865 =head2 perlmint, README.mint - Perl version 5 on Atari MiNT
7871 =item Known problems with Perl on MiNT
7877 =head2 perlmpeix, README.mpeix - Perl/iX for HP e3000 MPE
7885 =item Binary distribution from HP
7887 =item What's New in Perl for MPE/iX
7889 =item Welcome to Perl/iX
7891 =item System Requirements for Perl/iX
7893 =item How to Obtain Perl/iX
7895 =item Perl/iX Distribution Contents Highlights
7897 README, INSTALL, LIBSHP3K, PERL, .cpan/, lib/, man/,
7898 public_html/feedback.cgi, src/perl-5.6.0-mpe
7900 =item How to Compile Perl/iX
7904 =item Getting Started with Perl/iX
7906 =item MPE/iX Implementation Considerations
7908 =item Known Perl/iX Bugs Under Investigation
7910 =item Perl/iX To-Do List
7912 =item Perl/iX Change History
7928 SetNWBld.bat, Buildtype.bat
7940 =item Build new extensions
7942 =item Acknowledgements
7950 =head2 perlos2 - Perl under OS/2, DOS, Win0.3*, Win0.95 and WinNT.
7970 EMX, RSX, HPFS, pdksh
7972 =item Starting Perl programs under OS/2 (and DOS and...)
7974 =item Starting OS/2 (and DOS) programs under Perl
7978 =item Frequently asked questions
7982 =item "It does not work"
7984 =item I cannot run external programs
7986 =item I cannot embed perl into my program, or use F<perl.dll> from my
7989 Is your program EMX-compiled with C<-Zmt -Zcrtdll>?, Did you use
7992 =item C<``> and pipe-C<open> do not work under DOS.
7994 =item Cannot start C<find.exe "pattern" file>
8002 =item Automatic binary installation
8004 C<PERL_BADLANG>, C<PERL_BADFREE>, F<Config.pm>
8006 =item Manual binary installation
8008 Perl VIO and PM executables (dynamically linked), Perl_ VIO executable
8009 (statically linked), Executables for Perl utilities, Main Perl library,
8010 Additional Perl modules, Tools to compile Perl modules, Manpages for Perl
8011 and utilities, Manpages for Perl modules, Source for Perl documentation,
8012 Perl manual in F<.INF> format, Pdksh
8018 =item Accessing documentation
8022 =item OS/2 F<.INF> file
8030 =item GNU C<info> files
8042 =item The short story
8046 =item Getting perl source
8048 =item Application of the patches
8056 A lot of C<bad free>, Process terminated by SIGTERM/SIGINT, F<op/fs.t>,
8059 =item Installing the built perl
8061 =item C<a.out>-style build
8069 =item Some C</> became C<\> in pdksh.
8071 =item C<'errno'> - unresolved external
8073 =item Problems with tr or sed
8075 =item Some problem (forget which ;-)
8077 =item Library ... not found
8079 =item Segfault in make
8081 =item op/sprintf test failure
8085 =item Specific (mis)features of OS/2 port
8089 =item C<setpriority>, C<getpriority>
8093 =item C<extproc> on the first line
8095 =item Additional modules:
8097 =item Prebuilt methods:
8099 C<File::Copy::syscopy>, C<DynaLoader::mod2fname>, C<Cwd::current_drive()>,
8100 C<Cwd::sys_chdir(name)>, C<Cwd::change_drive(name)>,
8101 C<Cwd::sys_is_absolute(name)>, C<Cwd::sys_is_rooted(name)>,
8102 C<Cwd::sys_is_relative(name)>, C<Cwd::sys_cwd(name)>,
8103 C<Cwd::sys_abspath(name, dir)>, C<Cwd::extLibpath([type])>,
8104 C<Cwd::extLibpath_set( path [, type ] )>,
8105 C<OS2::Error(do_harderror,do_exception)>, C<OS2::Errors2Drive(drive)>,
8106 OS2::SysInfo(), OS2::BootDrive(), C<OS2::MorphPM(serve)>,
8107 C<OS2::UnMorphPM(serve)>, C<OS2::Serve_Messages(force)>,
8108 C<OS2::Process_Messages(force [, cnt])>, C<OS2::_control87(new,mask)>,
8109 OS2::get_control87(), C<OS2::set_control87_em(new=MCW_EM,mask=MCW_EM)>,
8110 C<OS2::DLLname([how [, \&xsub]])>
8112 =item Prebuilt variables:
8114 $OS2::emx_rev, $OS2::emx_env, $OS2::os_ver, $OS2::is_aout, $OS2::can_fork,
8121 C<popen>, C<tmpnam>, C<tmpfile>, C<ctermid>, C<stat>, C<mkdir>, C<rmdir>,
8124 =item Identifying DLLs
8126 =item Centralized management of resources
8128 C<HAB>, C<HMQ>, Treating errors reported by OS/2 API,
8129 C<CheckOSError(expr)>, C<CheckWinError(expr)>, C<SaveWinError(expr)>,
8130 C<SaveCroakWinError(expr,die,name1,name2)>, C<WinError_2_Perl_rc>,
8131 C<FillWinError>, C<FillOSError(rc)>, Loading DLLs and ordinals in DLLs
8145 =item F<perl___.exe>
8147 =item Why strange names?
8149 =item Why dynamic linking?
8151 =item Why chimera build?
8159 =item C<PERLLIB_PREFIX>
8161 =item C<PERL_BADLANG>
8163 =item C<PERL_BADFREE>
8165 =item C<PERL_SH_DIR>
8167 =item C<USE_PERL_FLOCK>
8169 =item C<TMP> or C<TEMP>
8177 =item Text-mode filehandles
8181 =item DLL name mangling: pre 5.6.2
8183 =item DLL name mangling: 5.6.2 and beyond
8185 Global DLLs, specific DLLs, C<BEGINLIBPATH> and C<ENDLIBPATH>, F<.> from
8188 =item DLL forwarder generation
8192 =item Calls to external programs
8194 =item Memory allocation
8198 C<COND_WAIT>, F<os2.c>
8214 =head2 perlos390, README.os390 - building and installing Perl for OS/390
8227 =item Unpacking Perl distribution on OS/390
8229 =item Setup and utilities for Perl on OS/390
8231 =item Configure Perl on OS/390
8233 =item Build, Test, Install Perl on OS/390
8235 =item Build Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
8237 =item Testing Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
8239 =item Installation Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
8241 =item Usage Hints for Perl on OS/390
8243 =item Floating Point Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
8245 =item Modules and Extensions for Perl on OS/390
8255 =item Mailing list for Perl on OS/390
8263 =head2 perlos400, README.os400 - Perl version 5 on OS/400
8271 =item Compiling Perl for OS/400 PASE
8273 =item Installing Perl in OS/400 PASE
8275 =item Using Perl in OS/400 PASE
8277 =item Known Problems
8287 =head2 perlqnx, README.qnx - Perl version 5 on QNX
8295 =item Required Software for Compiling Perl on QNX4
8297 /bin/sh, ar, nm, cpp, make
8299 =item Outstanding Issues with Perl on QNX4
8301 =item QNX auxiliary files
8305 =item Outstanding issues with perl under QNX6
8313 =head2 perlplan9 - Plan 9-specific documentation for Perl
8323 =item What's in Plan 9 Perl
8325 =item What's not in Plan 9 Perl
8327 =item Perl5 Functions not currently supported in Plan 9 Perl
8329 =item Signals in Plan 9 Perl
8333 =item COMPILING AND INSTALLING PERL ON PLAN 9
8337 =item Installing Perl Documentation on Plan 9
8349 =head2 perlsolaris, README.solaris - Perl version 5 on Solaris systems
8357 =item Solaris Version Numbers.
8363 Solaris FAQ, Precompiled Binaries, Solaris Documentation
8369 =item File Extraction Problems on Solaris.
8371 =item Compiler and Related Tools on Solaris.
8373 =item Environment for Compiling perl on Solaris
8377 =item RUN CONFIGURE.
8381 =item 64-bit perl on Solaris.
8383 =item Threads in perl on Solaris.
8385 =item Malloc Issues with perl on Solaris.
8389 =item MAKE PROBLEMS.
8391 Dynamic Loading Problems With GNU as and GNU ld, ld.so.1: ./perl: fatal:
8392 relocation error:, dlopen: stub interception failed, #error "No
8393 DATAMODEL_NATIVE specified", sh: ar: not found
8399 =item op/stat.t test 4 in Solaris
8401 =item nss_delete core dump from op/pwent or op/grent
8405 =item PREBUILT BINARIES OF PERL FOR SOLARIS.
8407 =item RUNTIME ISSUES FOR PERL ON SOLARIS.
8411 =item Limits on Numbers of Open Files on Solaris.
8415 =item SOLARIS-SPECIFIC MODULES.
8417 =item SOLARIS-SPECIFIC PROBLEMS WITH MODULES.
8421 =item Proc::ProcessTable on Solaris
8423 =item BSD::Resource on Solaris
8425 =item Net::SSLeay on Solaris
8435 =head2 perltru64, README.tru64 - Perl version 5 on Tru64 (formerly known as
8436 Digital UNIX formerly known as DEC OSF/1) systems
8444 =item Compiling Perl 5 on Tru64
8446 =item Using Large Files with Perl on Tru64
8448 =item Threaded Perl on Tru64
8450 =item Long Doubles on Tru64
8452 =item DB_File tests failing on Tru64
8454 =item 64-bit Perl on Tru64
8456 =item Warnings about floating-point overflow when compiling Perl on Tru64
8460 =item Testing Perl on Tru64
8462 =item ext/ODBM_File/odbm Test Failing With Static Builds
8464 =item Perl Fails Because Of Unresolved Symbol sockatmark
8470 =head2 perluts - Perl under UTS
8478 =item BUILDING PERL ON UTS
8480 =item Installing the built perl on UTS
8486 =head2 perlvmesa, README.vmesa - building and installing Perl for VM/ESA.
8496 =item Unpacking Perl Distribution on VM/ESA
8498 =item Setup Perl and utilities on VM/ESA
8500 =item Configure Perl on VM/ESA
8502 =item Testing Anomalies of Perl on VM/ESA
8504 =item Usage Hints for Perl on VM/ESA
8514 =item Mailing list for Perl on VM/ESA
8520 =head2 perlvms - VMS-specific documentation for Perl
8528 =item Organization of Perl Images
8534 =item Perl Extensions
8536 =item Installing static extensions
8538 =item Installing dynamic extensions
8542 =item File specifications
8548 =item Wildcard expansion
8554 =item PERL5LIB and PERLLIB
8560 =item I/O redirection and backgrounding
8562 =item Command line switches
8568 =item Perl functions
8570 File tests, backticks, binmode FILEHANDLE, crypt PLAINTEXT, USER, dump,
8571 exec LIST, fork, getpwent, getpwnam, getpwuid, gmtime, kill, qx//, select
8572 (system call), stat EXPR, system LIST, time, times, unlink LIST, utime
8573 LIST, waitpid PID,FLAGS
8575 =item Perl variables
8577 %ENV, CRTL_ENV, CLISYM_[LOCAL], Any other string, $!, $^E, $?, $|
8579 =item Standard modules with VMS-specific differences
8593 =head2 perlvos, README.vos - Perl for Stratus VOS
8599 =item BUILDING PERL FOR VOS
8601 =item INSTALLING PERL IN VOS
8603 =item USING PERL IN VOS
8607 =item Restrictions of Perl on VOS
8609 =item Handling of underflow and overflow
8615 =item SUPPORT STATUS
8623 =head2 perlwin32 - Perl under Windows
8633 =item Setting Up Perl on Win32
8635 Make, Command Shell, Borland C++, Microsoft Visual C++, Microsoft Platform
8636 SDK 64-bit Compiler, MinGW32 with gcc, MinGW release 1
8640 =item Testing Perl on Win32
8642 =item Installation of Perl on Win32
8644 =item Usage Hints for Perl on Win32
8646 Environment Variables, File Globbing, Using perl from the command line,
8647 Building Extensions, Command-line Wildcard Expansion, Win32 Specific
8648 Extensions, Notes on 64-bit Windows
8650 =item Running Perl Scripts
8652 Miscellaneous Things
8656 =item BUGS AND CAVEATS
8660 Gary Ng E<lt>71564.1743@CompuServe.COME<gt>, Gurusamy Sarathy
8661 E<lt>gsar@activestate.comE<gt>, Nick Ing-Simmons
8662 E<lt>nick@ing-simmons.netE<gt>
8670 =head1 PRAGMA DOCUMENTATION
8672 =head2 attrs - set/get attributes of a subroutine (deprecated)
8684 =head2 re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour
8694 =head2 threadshared::shared, threads::shared - Perl extension for sharing
8695 data structures between threads
8707 share VARIABLE, lock VARIABLE, cond_wait VARIABLE, cond_signal VARIABLE,
8708 cond_broadcast VARIABLE
8720 =head2 threads - Perl extension allowing use of interpreter based threads
8729 $thread = threads->create(function, LIST), $thread->join, $thread->detach,
8730 threads->self, $thread->tid, threads->object( tid ), threads->yield();,
8731 threads->list();, async BLOCK;
8735 A thread exited while %d other threads were still running
8741 Parent-Child threads, Returning objects, Creating threads inside BEGIN
8742 blocks, PERL_OLD_SIGNALS are not threadsafe, will not be
8744 =item AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT
8750 =head2 assertions - select assertions in blocks of code
8762 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
8766 =head2 assertions::activate - activate assertions
8778 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
8782 =head2 attributes - get/set subroutine or variable attributes
8792 =item Built-in Attributes
8794 locked, method, lvalue
8796 =item Available Subroutines
8800 =item Package-specific Attribute Handling
8802 FETCH_I<type>_ATTRIBUTES, MODIFY_I<type>_ATTRIBUTES
8804 =item Syntax of Attribute Lists
8812 =item Default exports
8814 =item Available exports
8816 =item Export tags defined
8826 =head2 attrs - set/get attributes of a subroutine (deprecated)
8838 =head2 autouse - postpone load of modules until a function is used
8854 =head2 base - Establish IS-A relationship with base class at compile time
8868 =head2 bigint - Transparent BigInteger support for Perl
8880 a or accuracy, p or precision, t or trace, l or lib, v or version
8884 =item INTERNAL FORMAT
8906 =head2 bignum - Transparent BigNumber support for Perl
8918 a or accuracy, p or precision, t or trace, l or lib, v or version
8924 inf(), NaN(), upgrade()
8928 =item INTERNAL FORMAT
8946 =head2 bigrat - Transparent BigNumber/BigRationale support for Perl
8970 perl -Mbigrat -le 'print sqrt(33)'
8971 perl -Mbigrat -le 'print 2*255'
8972 perl -Mbigrat -le 'print 4.5+2*255'
8973 perl -Mbigrat -le 'print 3/7 + 5/7 + 8/3'
8974 perl -Mbigrat -le 'print 12->is_odd()';
8984 =head2 blib - Use MakeMaker's uninstalled version of a package
8998 =head2 bytes - Perl pragma to force byte semantics rather than character
9011 =head2 charnames - define character names for C<\N{named}> string literal
9020 =item CUSTOM TRANSLATORS
9022 =item CUSTOM ALIASES
9026 =item Anonymous hashes
9030 =item Alias shortcut
9034 =item charnames::viacode(code)
9036 =item charnames::vianame(name)
9040 =item ILLEGAL CHARACTERS
9046 =head2 constant - Perl pragma to declare constants
9058 =item List constants
9060 =item Defining multiple constants at once
9062 =item Magic constants
9066 =item TECHNICAL NOTES
9076 =head2 diagnostics - Perl compiler pragma to force verbose warning
9087 =item The C<diagnostics> Pragma
9089 =item The I<splain> Program
9103 =head2 encoding - allows you to write your script in non-ascii or non-utf8
9113 =item Literal Conversions
9115 =item PerlIO layers for C<STD(IN|OUT)>
9119 =item FEATURES THAT REQUIRE 5.8.1
9121 "NON-EUC" doublebyte encodings, tr//, DATA pseudo-filehandle
9125 use encoding [I<ENCNAME>] ;, use encoding I<ENCNAME> [ STDIN =E<gt>
9126 I<ENCNAME_IN> ...] ;, use encoding I<ENCNAME> Filter=E<gt>1;, no encoding;
9128 =item The Filter Option
9132 =item Filter-related changes at Encode version 1.87
9142 =item DO NOT MIX MULTIPLE ENCODINGS
9144 =item tr/// with ranges
9146 Legend of characters above
9150 =item EXAMPLE - Greekperl
9152 =item KNOWN PROBLEMS
9154 literals in regex that are longer than 127 bytes, EBCDIC, format
9162 =head2 fields - compile-time class fields
9176 =head2 filetest - Perl pragma to control the filetest permission operators
9186 =item subpragma access
9192 =head2 if - C<use> a Perl module if a condition holds
9206 =head2 integer - Perl pragma to use integer arithmetic instead of floating
9217 =head2 less - perl pragma to request less of something from the compiler
9227 =head2 lib - manipulate @INC at compile time
9237 =item Adding directories to @INC
9239 =item Deleting directories from @INC
9241 =item Restoring original @INC
9255 =head2 locale - Perl pragma to use and avoid POSIX locales for built-in
9266 =head2 open - perl pragma to set default PerlIO layers for input and output
9274 =item NONPERLIO FUNCTIONALITY
9276 =item IMPLEMENTATION DETAILS
9282 =head2 ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when compiling
9294 =head2 overload - Package for overloading perl operations
9304 =item Declaration of overloaded functions
9306 =item Calling Conventions for Binary Operations
9308 FALSE, TRUE, C<undef>
9310 =item Calling Conventions for Unary Operations
9312 =item Calling Conventions for Mutators
9314 C<++> and C<-->, C<x=> and other assignment versions
9316 =item Overloadable Operations
9318 I<Arithmetic operations>, I<Comparison operations>, I<Bit operations>,
9319 I<Increment and decrement>, I<Transcendental functions>, I<Boolean, string
9320 and numeric conversion>, I<Iteration>, I<Dereferencing>, I<Special>
9322 =item Inheritance and overloading
9324 Strings as values of C<use overload> directive, Overloading of an operation
9325 is inherited by derived classes
9329 =item SPECIAL SYMBOLS FOR C<use overload>
9337 C<undef>, TRUE, defined, but FALSE
9339 =item Copy Constructor
9345 =item MAGIC AUTOGENERATION
9347 I<Assignment forms of arithmetic operations>, I<Conversion operations>,
9348 I<Increment and decrement>, C<abs($a)>, I<Unary minus>, I<Negation>,
9349 I<Concatenation>, I<Comparison operations>, I<Iterator>, I<Dereferencing>,
9352 =item Losing overloading
9354 =item Run-time Overloading
9356 =item Public functions
9358 overload::StrVal(arg), overload::Overloaded(arg), overload::Method(obj,op)
9360 =item Overloading constants
9362 integer, float, binary, q, qr
9364 =item IMPLEMENTATION
9366 =item Metaphor clash
9372 =item Two-face scalars
9374 =item Two-face references
9376 =item Symbolic calculator
9378 =item I<Really> symbolic calculator
9386 Odd number of arguments for overload::constant, `%s' is not an overloadable
9387 type, `%s' is not a code reference
9393 =head2 re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour
9403 =head2 sigtrap - Perl pragma to enable simple signal handling
9415 =item SIGNAL HANDLERS
9417 B<stack-trace>, B<die>, B<handler> I<your-handler>
9421 B<normal-signals>, B<error-signals>, B<old-interface-signals>
9425 B<untrapped>, B<any>, I<signal>, I<number>
9433 =head2 sort - perl pragma to control sort() behaviour
9445 =head2 strict - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe constructs
9453 C<strict refs>, C<strict vars>, C<strict subs>
9459 =head2 subs - Perl pragma to predeclare sub names
9469 =head2 threads - Perl extension allowing use of interpreter based threads
9478 $thread = threads->create(function, LIST), $thread->join, $thread->detach,
9479 threads->self, $thread->tid, threads->object( tid ), threads->yield();,
9480 threads->list();, async BLOCK;
9484 A thread exited while %d other threads were still running
9490 Parent-Child threads, Returning objects, Creating threads inside BEGIN
9491 blocks, PERL_OLD_SIGNALS are not threadsafe, will not be
9493 =item AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT
9499 =head2 threadshared, threads::shared - Perl extension for sharing data
9500 structures between threads
9512 share VARIABLE, lock VARIABLE, cond_wait VARIABLE, cond_signal VARIABLE,
9513 cond_broadcast VARIABLE
9525 =head2 utf8 - Perl pragma to enable/disable UTF-8 (or UTF-EBCDIC) in source
9536 =item Utility functions
9538 $num_octets = utf8::upgrade($string);, utf8::downgrade($string[, FAIL_OK]),
9539 utf8::encode($string), $flag = utf8::decode($string), $flag =
9540 utf8::is_utf8(STRING), $flag = utf8::valid(STRING)
9550 =head2 vars - Perl pragma to predeclare global variable names (obsolete)
9560 =head2 version - Perl extension for Version Objects
9570 =item What IS a version
9572 Numeric Versions, V-String Versions
9574 =item Numeric Versions
9576 =item V-String Versions
9578 =item Object Methods
9580 New Operator, Stringification, Numification, Comparison operators, Logical
9585 =item Types of Versions Objects
9587 Ordinary versions, alpha versions
9589 =item Replacement UNIVERSAL::VERSION
9601 =head2 vmsish - Perl pragma to control VMS-specific language features
9609 C<vmsish status>, C<vmsish exit>, C<vmsish time>, C<vmsish hushed>
9613 =head2 warnings - Perl pragma to control optional warnings
9621 use warnings::register, warnings::enabled(), warnings::enabled($category),
9622 warnings::enabled($object), warnings::warn($message),
9623 warnings::warn($category, $message), warnings::warn($object, $message),
9624 warnings::warnif($message), warnings::warnif($category, $message),
9625 warnings::warnif($object, $message)
9629 =head2 warnings::register - warnings import function
9639 =head1 MODULE DOCUMENTATION
9641 =head2 AnyDBM_File - provide framework for multiple DBMs
9651 =item DBM Comparisons
9661 =head2 Attribute::Handlers - Simpler definition of attribute handlers
9671 [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5]
9675 =item Typed lexicals
9677 =item Type-specific attribute handlers
9679 =item Non-interpretive attribute handlers
9681 =item Phase-specific attribute handlers
9683 =item Attributes as C<tie> interfaces
9691 C<Bad attribute type: ATTR(%s)>, C<Attribute handler %s doesn't handle %s
9692 attributes>, C<Declaration of %s attribute in package %s may clash with
9693 future reserved word>, C<Can't have two ATTR specifiers on one subroutine>,
9694 C<Can't autotie a %s>, C<Internal error: %s symbol went missing>, C<Won't
9695 be able to apply END handler>
9705 =head2 AutoLoader - load subroutines only on demand
9715 =item Subroutine Stubs
9717 =item Using B<AutoLoader>'s AUTOLOAD Subroutine
9719 =item Overriding B<AutoLoader>'s AUTOLOAD Subroutine
9721 =item Package Lexicals
9723 =item Not Using AutoLoader
9725 =item B<AutoLoader> vs. B<SelfLoader>
9735 =head2 AutoSplit - split a package for autoloading
9743 $keep, $check, $modtime
9747 =item Multiple packages
9755 =head2 B - The Perl Compiler
9765 =item Utility Functions
9769 =item Functions Returning C<B::SV>, C<B::AV>, C<B::HV>, and C<B::CV>
9772 sv_undef, sv_yes, sv_no, svref_2object(SVREF), amagic_generation, init_av,
9773 check_av, begin_av, end_av, comppadlist, regex_padav, main_cv
9775 =item Functions for Examining the Symbol Table
9777 walksymtable(SYMREF, METHOD, RECURSE, PREFIX)
9779 =item Functions Returning C<B::OP> objects or for walking op trees
9781 main_root, main_start, walkoptree(OP, METHOD), walkoptree_debug(DEBUG)
9783 =item Miscellaneous Utility Functions
9785 ppname(OPNUM), hash(STR), cast_I32(I), minus_c, cstring(STR),
9786 perlstring(STR), class(OBJ), threadsv_names
9790 =item OVERVIEW OF CLASSES
9794 =item SV-RELATED CLASSES
9798 REFCNT, FLAGS, object_2svref
9802 IV, IVX, UVX, int_value, needs64bits, packiv
9816 =item B::PVMG Methods
9820 =item B::MAGIC Methods
9822 MOREMAGIC, precomp, PRIVATE, TYPE, FLAGS, OBJ, PTR, REGEX
9824 =item B::PVLV Methods
9826 TARGOFF, TARGLEN, TYPE, TARG
9830 USEFUL, PREVIOUS, RARE, TABLE
9834 is_empty, NAME, SAFENAME, STASH, SV, IO, FORM, AV, HV, EGV, CV, CVGEN,
9835 LINE, FILE, FILEGV, GvREFCNT, FLAGS
9839 LINES, PAGE, PAGE_LEN, LINES_LEFT, TOP_NAME, TOP_GV, FMT_NAME, FMT_GV,
9840 BOTTOM_NAME, BOTTOM_GV, SUBPROCESS, IoTYPE, IoFLAGS, IsSTD
9844 FILL, MAX, OFF, ARRAY, ARRAYelt, AvFLAGS
9848 STASH, START, ROOT, GV, FILE, DEPTH, PADLIST, OUTSIDE, OUTSIDE_SEQ, XSUB,
9849 XSUBANY, CvFLAGS, const_sv
9853 FILL, MAX, KEYS, RITER, NAME, PMROOT, ARRAY
9855 =item OP-RELATED CLASSES
9859 next, sibling, name, ppaddr, desc, targ, type, seq, flags, private
9861 =item B::UNOP METHOD
9865 =item B::BINOP METHOD
9869 =item B::LOGOP METHOD
9873 =item B::LISTOP METHOD
9877 =item B::PMOP Methods
9879 pmreplroot, pmreplstart, pmnext, pmregexp, pmflags, pmdynflags,
9880 pmpermflags, precomp, pmoffset
9882 =item B::SVOP METHOD
9886 =item B::PADOP METHOD
9890 =item B::PVOP METHOD
9894 =item B::LOOP Methods
9896 redoop, nextop, lastop
9898 =item B::COP Methods
9900 label, stash, stashpv, file, cop_seq, arybase, line, warnings, io
9908 =head2 B::Asmdata - Autogenerated data about Perl ops, used to generate
9917 %insn_data, @insn_name, @optype, @specialsv_name
9923 =head2 B::Assembler - Assemble Perl bytecode
9935 =head2 B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks
9955 =head2 B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend
9967 B<-b>, B<-H>, B<-k>, B<-o>I<outfile>, B<-s>
9977 =head2 B::C - Perl compiler's C backend
9987 B<-ofilename>, B<-v>, B<-->, B<-uPackname>, B<-D>, B<-Do>, B<-Dc>, B<-DA>,
9988 B<-DC>, B<-DM>, B<-f>, B<-fcog>, B<-fsave-data>, B<-fppaddr>, B<-fwarn-sv>,
9989 B<-fuse-script-name>, B<-fsave-sig-hash>, B<-On>, B<-O0>, B<-O1>, B<-O2>,
10000 =head2 B::CC - Perl compiler's optimized C translation backend
10010 B<-ofilename>, B<-v>, B<-->, B<-uPackname>, B<-mModulename>, B<-D>, B<-Dr>,
10011 B<-DO>, B<-Ds>, B<-Dp>, B<-Dq>, B<-Dl>, B<-Dt>, B<-f>,
10012 B<-ffreetmps-each-bblock>, B<-ffreetmps-each-loop>, B<-fomit-taint>, B<-On>
10024 =item Context of ".."
10028 =item Deprecated features
10036 =head2 B::Concise - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing concise info about ops
10048 B<-basic>, B<-exec>, B<-tree>, B<-compact>, B<-loose>, B<-vt>, B<-ascii>,
10049 B<-main>, B<-base>I<n>, B<-bigendian>, B<-littleendian>, B<-concise>,
10050 B<-terse>, B<-linenoise>, B<-debug>, B<-env>
10052 =item FORMATTING SPECIFICATIONS
10054 B<(x(>I<exec_text>B<;>I<basic_text>B<)x)>, B<(*(>I<text>B<)*)>,
10055 B<(*(>I<text1>B<;>I<text2>B<)*)>, B<(?(>I<text1>B<#>I<var>I<Text2>B<)?)>,
10056 B<#>I<var>, B<#>I<var>I<N>, B<~>, B<#addr>, B<#arg>, B<#class>,
10057 B<#classsym>, B<#coplabel>, B<#exname>, B<#extarg>, B<#firstaddr>,
10058 B<#flags>, B<#flagval>, B<#hyphseq>, B<#label>, B<#lastaddr>, B<#name>,
10059 B<#NAME>, B<#next>, B<#nextaddr>, B<#noise>, B<#private>, B<#privval>,
10060 B<#seq>, B<#seqnum>, B<#sibaddr>, B<#svaddr>, B<#svclass>, B<#svval>,
10061 B<#targ>, B<#targarg>, B<#targarglife>, B<#typenum>
10063 =item ABBREVIATIONS
10067 =item OP flags abbreviations
10069 =item OP class abbreviations
10073 =item Using B::Concise outside of the O framework
10079 =head2 B::Debug - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing debug info about ops
10091 =head2 B::Deparse - Perl compiler backend to produce perl code
10101 B<-d>, B<-f>I<FILE>, B<-l>, B<-p>, B<-P>, B<-q>, B<-s>I<LETTERS>, B<C>,
10102 B<i>I<NUMBER>, B<T>, B<v>I<STRING>B<.>, B<-x>I<LEVEL>
10104 =item USING B::Deparse AS A MODULE
10114 =item ambient_pragmas
10116 strict, $[, bytes, utf8, integer, re, warnings, hint_bits, warning_bits
10128 =head2 B::Disassembler - Disassemble Perl bytecode
10140 =head2 B::Lint - Perl lint
10148 =item OPTIONS AND LINT CHECKS
10150 B<context>, B<implicit-read> and B<implicit-write>, B<bare-subs>,
10151 B<dollar-underscore>, B<private-names>, B<undefined-subs>,
10152 B<regexp-variables>, B<all>, B<none>
10154 =item NON LINT-CHECK OPTIONS
10164 =head2 B::O, O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends
10174 =item IMPLEMENTATION
10182 =head2 B::Showlex - Show lexical variables used in functions or files
10194 =head2 B::Stackobj - Helper module for CC backend
10206 =head2 B::Stash - show what stashes are loaded
10208 =head2 B::Terse - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing terse info about ops
10220 =head2 B::Xref - Generates cross reference reports for Perl programs
10230 C<-oFILENAME>, C<-r>, C<-d>, C<-D[tO]>
10238 =head2 Bblock, B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks
10258 =head2 Benchmark - benchmark running times of Perl code
10272 =item Standard Exports
10274 timeit(COUNT, CODE), timethis ( COUNT, CODE, [ TITLE, [ STYLE ]] ),
10275 timethese ( COUNT, CODEHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), timediff ( T1, T2 ), timestr (
10276 TIMEDIFF, [ STYLE, [ FORMAT ] ] )
10278 =item Optional Exports
10280 clearcache ( COUNT ), clearallcache ( ), cmpthese ( COUNT, CODEHASHREF, [
10281 STYLE ] ), cmpthese ( RESULTSHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), countit(TIME, CODE),
10282 disablecache ( ), enablecache ( ), timesum ( T1, T2 )
10284 =item :hireswallclock
10300 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
10304 =head2 ByteLoader - load byte compiled perl code
10318 =head2 Bytecode, B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend
10330 B<-b>, B<-H>, B<-k>, B<-o>I<outfile>, B<-s>
10340 =head2 CGI - Simple Common Gateway Interface Class
10352 =item PROGRAMMING STYLE
10354 =item CALLING CGI.PM ROUTINES
10356 =item CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT (OBJECT-ORIENTED STYLE):
10358 =item CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT FROM AN INPUT FILE
10360 =item FETCHING A LIST OF KEYWORDS FROM THE QUERY:
10362 =item FETCHING THE NAMES OF ALL THE PARAMETERS PASSED TO YOUR SCRIPT:
10364 =item FETCHING THE VALUE OR VALUES OF A SINGLE NAMED PARAMETER:
10366 =item SETTING THE VALUE(S) OF A NAMED PARAMETER:
10368 =item APPENDING ADDITIONAL VALUES TO A NAMED PARAMETER:
10370 =item IMPORTING ALL PARAMETERS INTO A NAMESPACE:
10372 =item DELETING A PARAMETER COMPLETELY:
10374 =item DELETING ALL PARAMETERS:
10376 =item DIRECT ACCESS TO THE PARAMETER LIST:
10378 =item FETCHING THE PARAMETER LIST AS A HASH:
10380 =item SAVING THE STATE OF THE SCRIPT TO A FILE:
10382 =item RETRIEVING CGI ERRORS
10384 =item USING THE FUNCTION-ORIENTED INTERFACE
10386 B<:cgi>, B<:form>, B<:html2>, B<:html3>, B<:html4>, B<:netscape>, B<:html>,
10387 B<:standard>, B<:all>
10391 -any, -compile, -nosticky, -no_undef_params, -no_xhtml, -nph,
10392 -newstyle_urls, -oldstyle_urls, -autoload, -no_debug, -debug,
10395 =item SPECIAL FORMS FOR IMPORTING HTML-TAG FUNCTIONS
10397 1. start_table() (generates a <table> tag), 2. end_table() (generates a
10398 </table> tag), 3. start_ul() (generates a <ul> tag), 4. end_ul() (generates
10403 =item GENERATING DYNAMIC DOCUMENTS
10407 =item CREATING A STANDARD HTTP HEADER:
10409 =item GENERATING A REDIRECTION HEADER
10411 =item CREATING THE HTML DOCUMENT HEADER
10413 B<Parameters:>, 4, 5, 6..
10415 =item ENDING THE HTML DOCUMENT:
10417 =item CREATING A SELF-REFERENCING URL THAT PRESERVES STATE INFORMATION:
10419 =item OBTAINING THE SCRIPT'S URL
10421 B<-absolute>, B<-relative>, B<-full>, B<-path> (B<-path_info>), B<-query>
10422 (B<-query_string>), B<-base>
10424 =item MIXING POST AND URL PARAMETERS
10428 =item CREATING STANDARD HTML ELEMENTS:
10432 =item PROVIDING ARGUMENTS TO HTML SHORTCUTS
10434 =item THE DISTRIBUTIVE PROPERTY OF HTML SHORTCUTS
10436 =item HTML SHORTCUTS AND LIST INTERPOLATION
10438 =item NON-STANDARD HTML SHORTCUTS
10440 =item AUTOESCAPING HTML
10442 $escaped_string = escapeHTML("unescaped string");, $charset =
10443 charset([$charset]);, $flag = autoEscape([$flag]);
10445 =item PRETTY-PRINTING HTML
10449 =item CREATING FILL-OUT FORMS:
10453 =item CREATING AN ISINDEX TAG
10455 =item STARTING AND ENDING A FORM
10457 B<application/x-www-form-urlencoded>, B<multipart/form-data>
10459 =item CREATING A TEXT FIELD
10463 =item CREATING A BIG TEXT FIELD
10465 =item CREATING A PASSWORD FIELD
10467 =item CREATING A FILE UPLOAD FIELD
10471 =item CREATING A POPUP MENU
10473 =item CREATING AN OPTION GROUP
10475 =item CREATING A SCROLLING LIST
10479 =item CREATING A GROUP OF RELATED CHECKBOXES
10483 =item CREATING A STANDALONE CHECKBOX
10487 =item CREATING A RADIO BUTTON GROUP
10491 =item CREATING A SUBMIT BUTTON
10495 =item CREATING A RESET BUTTON
10497 =item CREATING A DEFAULT BUTTON
10499 =item CREATING A HIDDEN FIELD
10503 =item CREATING A CLICKABLE IMAGE BUTTON
10505 B<Parameters:>, 3. The third option (-align, optional) is an alignment
10506 type, and may be TOP, BOTTOM or MIDDLE
10508 =item CREATING A JAVASCRIPT ACTION BUTTON
10514 1. an expiration time, 2. a domain, 3. a path, 4. a "secure" flag,
10515 B<-name>, B<-value>, B<-path>, B<-domain>, B<-expires>, B<-secure>
10517 =item WORKING WITH FRAMES
10519 1. Create a <Frameset> document, 2. Specify the destination for the
10520 document in the HTTP header, 3. Specify the destination for the document in
10523 =item LIMITED SUPPORT FOR CASCADING STYLE SHEETS
10529 =item DUMPING OUT ALL THE NAME/VALUE PAIRS
10533 =item FETCHING ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
10535 B<Accept()>, B<raw_cookie()>, B<user_agent()>, B<path_info()>,
10536 B<path_translated()>, B<remote_host()>, B<script_name()> Return the script
10537 name as a partial URL, for self-refering scripts, B<referer()>, B<auth_type
10538 ()>, B<server_name ()>, B<virtual_host ()>, B<server_port ()>,
10539 B<server_software ()>, B<remote_user ()>, B<user_name ()>,
10540 B<request_method()>, B<content_type()>, B<http()>, B<https()>
10542 =item USING NPH SCRIPTS
10544 In the B<use> statement, By calling the B<nph()> method:, By using B<-nph>
10549 multipart_init(), multipart_start(), multipart_end(), multipart_final()
10551 =item Avoiding Denial of Service Attacks
10553 B<$CGI::POST_MAX>, B<$CGI::DISABLE_UPLOADS>, B<1. On a script-by-script
10554 basis>, B<2. Globally for all scripts>
10556 =item COMPATIBILITY WITH CGI-LIB.PL
10558 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
10562 Matt Heffron (heffron@falstaff.css.beckman.com), James Taylor
10563 (james.taylor@srs.gov), Scott Anguish <sanguish@digifix.com>, Mike Jewell
10564 (mlj3u@virginia.edu), Timothy Shimmin (tes@kbs.citri.edu.au), Joergen Haegg
10565 (jh@axis.se), Laurent Delfosse (delfosse@delfosse.com), Richard Resnick
10566 (applepi1@aol.com), Craig Bishop (csb@barwonwater.vic.gov.au), Tony Curtis
10567 (tc@vcpc.univie.ac.at), Tim Bunce (Tim.Bunce@ig.co.uk), Tom Christiansen
10568 (tchrist@convex.com), Andreas Koenig (k@franz.ww.TU-Berlin.DE), Tim
10569 MacKenzie (Tim.MacKenzie@fulcrum.com.au), Kevin B. Hendricks
10570 (kbhend@dogwood.tyler.wm.edu), Stephen Dahmen (joyfire@inxpress.net), Ed
10571 Jordan (ed@fidalgo.net), David Alan Pisoni (david@cnation.com), Doug
10572 MacEachern (dougm@opengroup.org), Robin Houston (robin@oneworld.org),
10573 ...and many many more..
10575 =item A COMPLETE EXAMPLE OF A SIMPLE FORM-BASED SCRIPT
10583 =head2 CGI::Apache - Backward compatibility module for CGI.pm
10593 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
10601 =head2 CGI::Carp, B<CGI::Carp> - CGI routines for writing to the HTTPD (or
10610 =item REDIRECTING ERROR MESSAGES
10612 =item MAKING PERL ERRORS APPEAR IN THE BROWSER WINDOW
10616 =item Changing the default message
10620 =item MAKING WARNINGS APPEAR AS HTML COMMENTS
10622 =item OVERRIDING THE NAME OF THE PROGRAM
10630 =head2 CGI::Cookie - Interface to Netscape Cookies
10638 =item USING CGI::Cookie
10640 B<1. expiration date>, B<2. domain>, B<3. path>, B<4. secure flag>
10644 =item Creating New Cookies
10646 =item Sending the Cookie to the Browser
10648 =item Recovering Previous Cookies
10650 =item Manipulating Cookies
10652 B<name()>, B<value()>, B<domain()>, B<path()>, B<expires()>
10656 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
10664 =head2 CGI::Fast - CGI Interface for Fast CGI
10672 =item OTHER PIECES OF THE PUZZLE
10674 =item WRITING FASTCGI PERL SCRIPTS
10676 =item INSTALLING FASTCGI SCRIPTS
10678 =item USING FASTCGI SCRIPTS AS CGI SCRIPTS
10680 =item EXTERNAL FASTCGI SERVER INVOCATION
10682 FCGI_SOCKET_PATH, FCGI_LISTEN_QUEUE
10686 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
10694 =head2 CGI::Pretty - module to produce nicely formatted HTML code
10704 =item Tags that won't be formatted
10706 =item Customizing the Indenting
10718 =head2 CGI::Push - Simple Interface to Server Push
10726 =item USING CGI::Push
10728 -next_page, -last_page, -type, -delay, -cookie, -target, -expires, -nph
10732 =item Heterogeneous Pages
10734 =item Changing the Page Delay on the Fly
10738 =item INSTALLING CGI::Push SCRIPTS
10740 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
10748 =head2 CGI::Switch - Backward compatibility module for defunct CGI::Switch
10758 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
10766 =head2 CGI::Util - Internal utilities used by CGI module
10774 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
10780 =head2 CPAN - query, download and build perl modules from CPAN sites
10792 =item Interactive Mode
10794 Searching for authors, bundles, distribution files and modules, make, test,
10795 install, clean modules or distributions, get, readme, look module or
10796 distribution, ls author, Signals
10804 =item The four C<CPAN::*> Classes: Author, Bundle, Module, Distribution
10806 =item Programmer's interface
10808 expand($type,@things), expandany(@things), Programming Examples
10810 =item Methods in the other Classes
10812 CPAN::Author::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Author::as_string(),
10813 CPAN::Author::email(), CPAN::Author::fullname(), CPAN::Author::name(),
10814 CPAN::Bundle::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Bundle::as_string(),
10815 CPAN::Bundle::clean(), CPAN::Bundle::contains(),
10816 CPAN::Bundle::force($method,@args), CPAN::Bundle::get(),
10817 CPAN::Bundle::inst_file(), CPAN::Bundle::inst_version(),
10818 CPAN::Bundle::uptodate(), CPAN::Bundle::install(), CPAN::Bundle::make(),
10819 CPAN::Bundle::readme(), CPAN::Bundle::test(),
10820 CPAN::Distribution::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Distribution::as_string(),
10821 CPAN::Distribution::clean(), CPAN::Distribution::containsmods(),
10822 CPAN::Distribution::cvs_import(), CPAN::Distribution::dir(),
10823 CPAN::Distribution::force($method,@args), CPAN::Distribution::get(),
10824 CPAN::Distribution::install(), CPAN::Distribution::isa_perl(),
10825 CPAN::Distribution::look(), CPAN::Distribution::make(),
10826 CPAN::Distribution::prereq_pm(), CPAN::Distribution::readme(),
10827 CPAN::Distribution::test(), CPAN::Distribution::uptodate(),
10828 CPAN::Index::force_reload(), CPAN::Index::reload(), CPAN::InfoObj::dump(),
10829 CPAN::Module::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Module::as_string(),
10830 CPAN::Module::clean(), CPAN::Module::cpan_file(),
10831 CPAN::Module::cpan_version(), CPAN::Module::cvs_import(),
10832 CPAN::Module::description(), CPAN::Module::force($method,@args),
10833 CPAN::Module::get(), CPAN::Module::inst_file(),
10834 CPAN::Module::inst_version(), CPAN::Module::install(),
10835 CPAN::Module::look(), CPAN::Module::make(),
10836 CPAN::Module::manpage_headline(), CPAN::Module::readme(),
10837 CPAN::Module::test(), CPAN::Module::uptodate(), CPAN::Module::userid()
10839 =item Cache Manager
10843 =item Prerequisites
10845 =item Finding packages and VERSION
10849 =item Floppy, Zip, Offline Mode
10853 =item CONFIGURATION
10855 C<o conf E<lt>scalar optionE<gt>>, C<o conf E<lt>scalar optionE<gt>
10856 E<lt>valueE<gt>>, C<o conf E<lt>list optionE<gt>>, C<o conf E<lt>list
10857 optionE<gt> [shift|pop]>, C<o conf E<lt>list optionE<gt>
10858 [unshift|push|splice] E<lt>listE<gt>>
10862 =item Note on urllist parameter's format
10864 =item urllist parameter has CD-ROM support
10872 =item POPULATE AN INSTALLATION WITH LOTS OF MODULES
10874 =item WORKING WITH CPAN.pm BEHIND FIREWALLS
10878 =item Three basic types of firewalls
10880 http firewall, ftp firewall, One way visibility, SOCKS, IP Masquerade
10882 =item Configuring lynx or ncftp for going through a firewall
10888 1), 2), 3), 4), 5), 6), 7), 8), 9), 10)
10900 =head2 CPAN::FirstTime - Utility for CPAN::Config file Initialization
10910 =head2 CPANox, CPAN::Nox - Wrapper around CPAN.pm without using any XS
10923 =head2 Carp, carp - warn of errors (from perspective of caller)
10933 =item Forcing a Stack Trace
10941 =head2 Carp::Heavy, Carp heavy machinery - no user serviceable parts inside
10943 =head2 Class::ISA -- report the search path for a class's ISA tree
10953 the function Class::ISA::super_path($CLASS), the function
10954 Class::ISA::self_and_super_path($CLASS), the function
10955 Class::ISA::self_and_super_versions($CLASS)
10957 =item CAUTIONARY NOTES
10965 =head2 Class::Struct - declare struct-like datatypes as Perl classes
10975 =item The C<struct()> function
10977 =item Class Creation at Compile Time
10979 =item Element Types and Accessor Methods
10981 Scalar (C<'$'> or C<'*$'>), Array (C<'@'> or C<'*@'>), Hash (C<'%'> or
10982 C<'*%'>), Class (C<'Class_Name'> or C<'*Class_Name'>)
10984 =item Initializing with C<new>
10990 Example 1, Example 2, Example 3
10992 =item Author and Modification History
10996 =head2 Config - access Perl configuration information
11004 myconfig(), config_sh(), config_re($regex), config_vars(@names)
11016 C<_a>, C<_exe>, C<_o>
11020 C<afs>, C<afsroot>, C<alignbytes>, C<ansi2knr>, C<aphostname>,
11021 C<api_revision>, C<api_subversion>, C<api_version>, C<api_versionstring>,
11022 C<ar>, C<archlib>, C<archlibexp>, C<archname64>, C<archname>, C<archobjs>,
11023 C<asctime_r_proto>, C<awk>
11027 C<baserev>, C<bash>, C<bin>, C<binexp>, C<bison>, C<byacc>, C<byteorder>
11031 C<c>, C<castflags>, C<cat>, C<cc>, C<cccdlflags>, C<ccdlflags>, C<ccflags>,
11032 C<ccflags_uselargefiles>, C<ccname>, C<ccsymbols>, C<ccversion>, C<cf_by>,
11033 C<cf_email>, C<cf_time>, C<charsize>, C<chgrp>, C<chmod>, C<chown>,
11034 C<clocktype>, C<comm>, C<compress>, C<contains>, C<cp>, C<cpio>, C<cpp>,
11035 C<cpp_stuff>, C<cppccsymbols>, C<cppflags>, C<cpplast>, C<cppminus>,
11036 C<cpprun>, C<cppstdin>, C<cppsymbols>, C<crypt_r_proto>, C<cryptlib>,
11037 C<csh>, C<ctermid_r_proto>, C<ctime_r_proto>
11041 C<d__fwalk>, C<d_access>, C<d_accessx>, C<d_aintl>, C<d_alarm>,
11042 C<d_archlib>, C<d_asctime_r>, C<d_atolf>, C<d_atoll>, C<d_attribut>,
11043 C<d_bcmp>, C<d_bcopy>, C<d_bsd>, C<d_bsdgetpgrp>, C<d_bsdsetpgrp>,
11044 C<d_bzero>, C<d_casti32>, C<d_castneg>, C<d_charvspr>, C<d_chown>,
11045 C<d_chroot>, C<d_chsize>, C<d_class>, C<d_closedir>, C<d_cmsghdr_s>,
11046 C<d_const>, C<d_copysignl>, C<d_crypt>, C<d_crypt_r>, C<d_csh>,
11047 C<d_ctermid_r>, C<d_ctime_r>, C<d_cuserid>, C<d_dbl_dig>,
11048 C<d_dbminitproto>, C<d_difftime>, C<d_dirfd>, C<d_dirnamlen>, C<d_dlerror>,
11049 C<d_dlopen>, C<d_dlsymun>, C<d_dosuid>, C<d_drand48_r>, C<d_drand48proto>,
11050 C<d_dup2>, C<d_eaccess>, C<d_endgrent>, C<d_endgrent_r>, C<d_endhent>,
11051 C<d_endhostent_r>, C<d_endnent>, C<d_endnetent_r>, C<d_endpent>,
11052 C<d_endprotoent_r>, C<d_endpwent>, C<d_endpwent_r>, C<d_endsent>,
11053 C<d_endservent_r>, C<d_eofnblk>, C<d_eunice>, C<d_faststdio>, C<d_fchdir>,
11054 C<d_fchmod>, C<d_fchown>, C<d_fcntl>, C<d_fcntl_can_lock>, C<d_fd_macros>,
11055 C<d_fd_set>, C<d_fds_bits>, C<d_fgetpos>, C<d_finite>, C<d_finitel>,
11056 C<d_flexfnam>, C<d_flock>, C<d_flockproto>, C<d_fork>, C<d_fp_class>,
11057 C<d_fpathconf>, C<d_fpclass>, C<d_fpclassify>, C<d_fpclassl>,
11058 C<d_fpos64_t>, C<d_frexpl>, C<d_fs_data_s>, C<d_fseeko>, C<d_fsetpos>,
11059 C<d_fstatfs>, C<d_fstatvfs>, C<d_fsync>, C<d_ftello>, C<d_ftime>,
11060 C<d_Gconvert>, C<d_getcwd>, C<d_getespwnam>, C<d_getfsstat>, C<d_getgrent>,
11061 C<d_getgrent_r>, C<d_getgrgid_r>, C<d_getgrnam_r>, C<d_getgrps>,
11062 C<d_gethbyaddr>, C<d_gethbyname>, C<d_gethent>, C<d_gethname>,
11063 C<d_gethostbyaddr_r>, C<d_gethostbyname_r>, C<d_gethostent_r>,
11064 C<d_gethostprotos>, C<d_getitimer>, C<d_getlogin>, C<d_getlogin_r>,
11065 C<d_getmnt>, C<d_getmntent>, C<d_getnbyaddr>, C<d_getnbyname>,
11066 C<d_getnent>, C<d_getnetbyaddr_r>, C<d_getnetbyname_r>, C<d_getnetent_r>,
11067 C<d_getnetprotos>, C<d_getpagsz>, C<d_getpbyname>, C<d_getpbynumber>,
11068 C<d_getpent>, C<d_getpgid>, C<d_getpgrp2>, C<d_getpgrp>, C<d_getppid>,
11069 C<d_getprior>, C<d_getprotobyname_r>, C<d_getprotobynumber_r>,
11070 C<d_getprotoent_r>, C<d_getprotoprotos>, C<d_getprpwnam>, C<d_getpwent>,
11071 C<d_getpwent_r>, C<d_getpwnam_r>, C<d_getpwuid_r>, C<d_getsbyname>,
11072 C<d_getsbyport>, C<d_getsent>, C<d_getservbyname_r>, C<d_getservbyport_r>,
11073 C<d_getservent_r>, C<d_getservprotos>, C<d_getspnam>, C<d_getspnam_r>,
11074 C<d_gettimeod>, C<d_gmtime_r>, C<d_gnulibc>, C<d_grpasswd>, C<d_hasmntopt>,
11075 C<d_htonl>, C<d_ilogbl>, C<d_index>, C<d_inetaton>, C<d_int64_t>,
11076 C<d_isascii>, C<d_isfinite>, C<d_isinf>, C<d_isnan>, C<d_isnanl>,
11077 C<d_killpg>, C<d_lchown>, C<d_ldbl_dig>, C<d_link>, C<d_localtime_r>,
11078 C<d_locconv>, C<d_lockf>, C<d_longdbl>, C<d_longlong>, C<d_lseekproto>,
11079 C<d_lstat>, C<d_madvise>, C<d_mblen>, C<d_mbstowcs>, C<d_mbtowc>,
11080 C<d_memchr>, C<d_memcmp>, C<d_memcpy>, C<d_memmove>, C<d_memset>,
11081 C<d_mkdir>, C<d_mkdtemp>, C<d_mkfifo>, C<d_mkstemp>, C<d_mkstemps>,
11082 C<d_mktime>, C<d_mmap>, C<d_modfl>, C<d_modfl_pow32_bug>, C<d_modflproto>,
11083 C<d_mprotect>, C<d_msg>, C<d_msg_ctrunc>, C<d_msg_dontroute>, C<d_msg_oob>,
11084 C<d_msg_peek>, C<d_msg_proxy>, C<d_msgctl>, C<d_msgget>, C<d_msghdr_s>,
11085 C<d_msgrcv>, C<d_msgsnd>, C<d_msync>, C<d_munmap>, C<d_mymalloc>,
11086 C<d_nice>, C<d_nl_langinfo>, C<d_nv_preserves_uv>, C<d_off64_t>,
11087 C<d_old_pthread_create_joinable>, C<d_oldpthreads>, C<d_oldsock>,
11088 C<d_open3>, C<d_pathconf>, C<d_pause>, C<d_perl_otherlibdirs>,
11089 C<d_phostname>, C<d_pipe>, C<d_poll>, C<d_portable>, C<d_PRId64>,
11090 C<d_PRIeldbl>, C<d_PRIEUldbl>, C<d_PRIfldbl>, C<d_PRIFUldbl>,
11091 C<d_PRIgldbl>, C<d_PRIGUldbl>, C<d_PRIi64>, C<d_PRIo64>, C<d_PRIu64>,
11092 C<d_PRIx64>, C<d_PRIXU64>, C<d_procselfexe>, C<d_pthread_atfork>,
11093 C<d_pthread_attr_setscope>, C<d_pthread_yield>, C<d_pwage>, C<d_pwchange>,
11094 C<d_pwclass>, C<d_pwcomment>, C<d_pwexpire>, C<d_pwgecos>, C<d_pwpasswd>,
11095 C<d_pwquota>, C<d_qgcvt>, C<d_quad>, C<d_random_r>, C<d_readdir64_r>,
11096 C<d_readdir>, C<d_readdir_r>, C<d_readlink>, C<d_readv>, C<d_recvmsg>,
11097 C<d_rename>, C<d_rewinddir>, C<d_rmdir>, C<d_safebcpy>, C<d_safemcpy>,
11098 C<d_sanemcmp>, C<d_sbrkproto>, C<d_scalbnl>, C<d_sched_yield>,
11099 C<d_scm_rights>, C<d_SCNfldbl>, C<d_seekdir>, C<d_select>, C<d_sem>,
11100 C<d_semctl>, C<d_semctl_semid_ds>, C<d_semctl_semun>, C<d_semget>,
11101 C<d_semop>, C<d_sendmsg>, C<d_setegid>, C<d_seteuid>, C<d_setgrent>,
11102 C<d_setgrent_r>, C<d_setgrps>, C<d_sethent>, C<d_sethostent_r>,
11103 C<d_setitimer>, C<d_setlinebuf>, C<d_setlocale>, C<d_setlocale_r>,
11104 C<d_setnent>, C<d_setnetent_r>, C<d_setpent>, C<d_setpgid>, C<d_setpgrp2>,
11105 C<d_setpgrp>, C<d_setprior>, C<d_setproctitle>, C<d_setprotoent_r>,
11106 C<d_setpwent>, C<d_setpwent_r>, C<d_setregid>, C<d_setresgid>,
11107 C<d_setresuid>, C<d_setreuid>, C<d_setrgid>, C<d_setruid>, C<d_setsent>,
11108 C<d_setservent_r>, C<d_setsid>, C<d_setvbuf>, C<d_sfio>, C<d_shm>,
11109 C<d_shmat>, C<d_shmatprototype>, C<d_shmctl>, C<d_shmdt>, C<d_shmget>,
11110 C<d_sigaction>, C<d_sigprocmask>, C<d_sigsetjmp>, C<d_sockatmark>,
11111 C<d_sockatmarkproto>, C<d_socket>, C<d_socklen_t>, C<d_sockpair>,
11112 C<d_socks5_init>, C<d_sqrtl>, C<d_srand48_r>, C<d_srandom_r>,
11113 C<d_sresgproto>, C<d_sresuproto>, C<d_statblks>, C<d_statfs_f_flags>,
11114 C<d_statfs_s>, C<d_statvfs>, C<d_stdio_cnt_lval>, C<d_stdio_ptr_lval>,
11115 C<d_stdio_ptr_lval_nochange_cnt>, C<d_stdio_ptr_lval_sets_cnt>,
11116 C<d_stdio_stream_array>, C<d_stdiobase>, C<d_stdstdio>, C<d_strchr>,
11117 C<d_strcoll>, C<d_strctcpy>, C<d_strerrm>, C<d_strerror>, C<d_strerror_r>,
11118 C<d_strftime>, C<d_strtod>, C<d_strtol>, C<d_strtold>, C<d_strtoll>,
11119 C<d_strtoq>, C<d_strtoul>, C<d_strtoull>, C<d_strtouq>, C<d_strxfrm>,
11120 C<d_suidsafe>, C<d_symlink>, C<d_syscall>, C<d_syscallproto>, C<d_sysconf>,
11121 C<d_sysernlst>, C<d_syserrlst>, C<d_system>, C<d_tcgetpgrp>,
11122 C<d_tcsetpgrp>, C<d_telldir>, C<d_telldirproto>, C<d_time>, C<d_times>,
11123 C<d_tm_tm_gmtoff>, C<d_tm_tm_zone>, C<d_tmpnam_r>, C<d_truncate>,
11124 C<d_ttyname_r>, C<d_tzname>, C<d_u32align>, C<d_ualarm>, C<d_umask>,
11125 C<d_uname>, C<d_union_semun>, C<d_unordered>, C<d_usleep>,
11126 C<d_usleepproto>, C<d_ustat>, C<d_vendorarch>, C<d_vendorbin>,
11127 C<d_vendorlib>, C<d_vendorscript>, C<d_vfork>, C<d_void_closedir>,
11128 C<d_voidsig>, C<d_voidtty>, C<d_volatile>, C<d_vprintf>, C<d_wait4>,
11129 C<d_waitpid>, C<d_wcstombs>, C<d_wctomb>, C<d_writev>, C<d_xenix>, C<date>,
11130 C<db_hashtype>, C<db_prefixtype>, C<db_version_major>, C<db_version_minor>,
11131 C<db_version_patch>, C<defvoidused>, C<direntrytype>, C<dlext>, C<dlsrc>,
11132 C<doublesize>, C<drand01>, C<drand48_r_proto>, C<dynamic_ext>
11136 C<eagain>, C<ebcdic>, C<echo>, C<egrep>, C<emacs>, C<endgrent_r_proto>,
11137 C<endhostent_r_proto>, C<endnetent_r_proto>, C<endprotoent_r_proto>,
11138 C<endpwent_r_proto>, C<endservent_r_proto>, C<eunicefix>, C<exe_ext>,
11139 C<expr>, C<extensions>, C<extras>
11143 C<fflushall>, C<fflushNULL>, C<find>, C<firstmakefile>, C<flex>,
11144 C<fpossize>, C<fpostype>, C<freetype>, C<from>, C<full_ar>, C<full_csh>,
11149 C<gccansipedantic>, C<gccosandvers>, C<gccversion>, C<getgrent_r_proto>,
11150 C<getgrgid_r_proto>, C<getgrnam_r_proto>, C<gethostbyaddr_r_proto>,
11151 C<gethostbyname_r_proto>, C<gethostent_r_proto>, C<getlogin_r_proto>,
11152 C<getnetbyaddr_r_proto>, C<getnetbyname_r_proto>, C<getnetent_r_proto>,
11153 C<getprotobyname_r_proto>, C<getprotobynumber_r_proto>,
11154 C<getprotoent_r_proto>, C<getpwent_r_proto>, C<getpwnam_r_proto>,
11155 C<getpwuid_r_proto>, C<getservbyname_r_proto>, C<getservbyport_r_proto>,
11156 C<getservent_r_proto>, C<getspnam_r_proto>, C<gidformat>, C<gidsign>,
11157 C<gidsize>, C<gidtype>, C<glibpth>, C<gmake>, C<gmtime_r_proto>,
11158 C<gnulibc_version>, C<grep>, C<groupcat>, C<groupstype>, C<gzip>
11162 C<h_fcntl>, C<h_sysfile>, C<hint>, C<hostcat>, C<html1dir>, C<html1direxp>,
11163 C<html3dir>, C<html3direxp>
11167 C<i16size>, C<i16type>, C<i32size>, C<i32type>, C<i64size>, C<i64type>,
11168 C<i8size>, C<i8type>, C<i_arpainet>, C<i_bsdioctl>, C<i_crypt>, C<i_db>,
11169 C<i_dbm>, C<i_dirent>, C<i_dld>, C<i_dlfcn>, C<i_fcntl>, C<i_float>,
11170 C<i_fp>, C<i_fp_class>, C<i_gdbm>, C<i_grp>, C<i_ieeefp>, C<i_inttypes>,
11171 C<i_langinfo>, C<i_libutil>, C<i_limits>, C<i_locale>, C<i_machcthr>,
11172 C<i_malloc>, C<i_math>, C<i_memory>, C<i_mntent>, C<i_ndbm>, C<i_netdb>,
11173 C<i_neterrno>, C<i_netinettcp>, C<i_niin>, C<i_poll>, C<i_prot>,
11174 C<i_pthread>, C<i_pwd>, C<i_rpcsvcdbm>, C<i_sfio>, C<i_sgtty>, C<i_shadow>,
11175 C<i_socks>, C<i_stdarg>, C<i_stddef>, C<i_stdlib>, C<i_string>,
11176 C<i_sunmath>, C<i_sysaccess>, C<i_sysdir>, C<i_sysfile>, C<i_sysfilio>,
11177 C<i_sysin>, C<i_sysioctl>, C<i_syslog>, C<i_sysmman>, C<i_sysmode>,
11178 C<i_sysmount>, C<i_sysndir>, C<i_sysparam>, C<i_sysresrc>, C<i_syssecrt>,
11179 C<i_sysselct>, C<i_syssockio>, C<i_sysstat>, C<i_sysstatfs>,
11180 C<i_sysstatvfs>, C<i_systime>, C<i_systimek>, C<i_systimes>, C<i_systypes>,
11181 C<i_sysuio>, C<i_sysun>, C<i_sysutsname>, C<i_sysvfs>, C<i_syswait>,
11182 C<i_termio>, C<i_termios>, C<i_time>, C<i_unistd>, C<i_ustat>, C<i_utime>,
11183 C<i_values>, C<i_varargs>, C<i_varhdr>, C<i_vfork>,
11184 C<ignore_versioned_solibs>, C<inc_version_list>, C<inc_version_list_init>,
11185 C<incpath>, C<inews>, C<installarchlib>, C<installbin>, C<installhtml1dir>,
11186 C<installhtml3dir>, C<installman1dir>, C<installman3dir>, C<installprefix>,
11187 C<installprefixexp>, C<installprivlib>, C<installscript>,
11188 C<installsitearch>, C<installsitebin>, C<installsitehtml1dir>,
11189 C<installsitehtml3dir>, C<installsitelib>, C<installsiteman1dir>,
11190 C<installsiteman3dir>, C<installsitescript>, C<installstyle>,
11191 C<installusrbinperl>, C<installvendorarch>, C<installvendorbin>,
11192 C<installvendorhtml1dir>, C<installvendorhtml3dir>, C<installvendorlib>,
11193 C<installvendorman1dir>, C<installvendorman3dir>, C<installvendorscript>,
11194 C<intsize>, C<issymlink>, C<ivdformat>, C<ivsize>, C<ivtype>
11198 C<known_extensions>, C<ksh>
11202 C<ld>, C<lddlflags>, C<ldflags>, C<ldflags_uselargefiles>, C<ldlibpthname>,
11203 C<less>, C<lib_ext>, C<libc>, C<libperl>, C<libpth>, C<libs>, C<libsdirs>,
11204 C<libsfiles>, C<libsfound>, C<libspath>, C<libswanted>,
11205 C<libswanted_uselargefiles>, C<line>, C<lint>, C<lkflags>, C<ln>, C<lns>,
11206 C<localtime_r_proto>, C<locincpth>, C<loclibpth>, C<longdblsize>,
11207 C<longlongsize>, C<longsize>, C<lp>, C<lpr>, C<ls>, C<lseeksize>,
11212 C<mail>, C<mailx>, C<make>, C<make_set_make>, C<mallocobj>, C<mallocsrc>,
11213 C<malloctype>, C<man1dir>, C<man1direxp>, C<man1ext>, C<man3dir>,
11214 C<man3direxp>, C<man3ext>
11218 C<Mcc>, C<mips_type>, C<mistrustnm>, C<mkdir>, C<mmaptype>, C<modetype>,
11219 C<more>, C<multiarch>, C<mv>, C<myarchname>, C<mydomain>, C<myhostname>,
11224 C<n>, C<need_va_copy>, C<netdb_hlen_type>, C<netdb_host_type>,
11225 C<netdb_name_type>, C<netdb_net_type>, C<nm>, C<nm_opt>, C<nm_so_opt>,
11226 C<nonxs_ext>, C<nroff>, C<nv_preserves_uv_bits>, C<nveformat>,
11227 C<nvEUformat>, C<nvfformat>, C<nvFUformat>, C<nvgformat>, C<nvGUformat>,
11228 C<nvsize>, C<nvtype>
11232 C<o_nonblock>, C<obj_ext>, C<old_pthread_create_joinable>, C<optimize>,
11233 C<orderlib>, C<osname>, C<osvers>, C<otherlibdirs>
11237 C<package>, C<pager>, C<passcat>, C<patchlevel>, C<path_sep>, C<perl5>,
11238 C<perl>, C<perl_patchlevel>
11242 C<PERL_REVISION>, C<PERL_SUBVERSION>, C<PERL_VERSION>, C<perladmin>,
11243 C<perllibs>, C<perlpath>, C<pg>, C<phostname>, C<pidtype>, C<plibpth>,
11244 C<pm_apiversion>, C<pmake>, C<pr>, C<prefix>, C<prefixexp>, C<privlib>,
11245 C<privlibexp>, C<procselfexe>, C<prototype>, C<ptrsize>
11249 C<quadkind>, C<quadtype>
11253 C<randbits>, C<randfunc>, C<random_r_proto>, C<randseedtype>, C<ranlib>,
11254 C<rd_nodata>, C<readdir64_r_proto>, C<readdir_r_proto>, C<revision>, C<rm>,
11255 C<rmail>, C<run>, C<runnm>
11259 C<sched_yield>, C<scriptdir>, C<scriptdirexp>, C<sed>, C<seedfunc>,
11260 C<selectminbits>, C<selecttype>, C<sendmail>, C<setgrent_r_proto>,
11261 C<sethostent_r_proto>, C<setlocale_r_proto>, C<setnetent_r_proto>,
11262 C<setprotoent_r_proto>, C<setpwent_r_proto>, C<setservent_r_proto>, C<sh>,
11263 C<shar>, C<sharpbang>, C<shmattype>, C<shortsize>, C<shrpenv>, C<shsharp>,
11264 C<sig_count>, C<sig_name>, C<sig_name_init>, C<sig_num>, C<sig_num_init>,
11265 C<sig_size>, C<signal_t>, C<sitearch>, C<sitearchexp>, C<sitebin>,
11266 C<sitebinexp>, C<sitehtml1dir>, C<sitehtml1direxp>, C<sitehtml3dir>,
11267 C<sitehtml3direxp>, C<sitelib>, C<sitelib_stem>, C<sitelibexp>,
11268 C<siteman1dir>, C<siteman1direxp>, C<siteman3dir>, C<siteman3direxp>,
11269 C<siteprefix>, C<siteprefixexp>, C<sitescript>, C<sitescriptexp>,
11270 C<sizesize>, C<sizetype>, C<sleep>, C<smail>, C<so>, C<sockethdr>,
11271 C<socketlib>, C<socksizetype>, C<sort>, C<spackage>, C<spitshell>,
11272 C<sPRId64>, C<sPRIeldbl>, C<sPRIEUldbl>, C<sPRIfldbl>, C<sPRIFUldbl>,
11273 C<sPRIgldbl>, C<sPRIGUldbl>, C<sPRIi64>, C<sPRIo64>, C<sPRIu64>,
11274 C<sPRIx64>, C<sPRIXU64>, C<srand48_r_proto>, C<srandom_r_proto>, C<src>,
11275 C<sSCNfldbl>, C<ssizetype>, C<startperl>, C<startsh>, C<static_ext>,
11276 C<stdchar>, C<stdio_base>, C<stdio_bufsiz>, C<stdio_cnt>, C<stdio_filbuf>,
11277 C<stdio_ptr>, C<stdio_stream_array>, C<strerror_r_proto>, C<strings>,
11278 C<submit>, C<subversion>, C<sysman>
11282 C<tail>, C<tar>, C<targetarch>, C<tbl>, C<tee>, C<test>, C<timeincl>,
11283 C<timetype>, C<tmpnam_r_proto>, C<to>, C<touch>, C<tr>, C<trnl>, C<troff>,
11288 C<u16size>, C<u16type>, C<u32size>, C<u32type>, C<u64size>, C<u64type>,
11289 C<u8size>, C<u8type>, C<uidformat>, C<uidsign>, C<uidsize>, C<uidtype>,
11290 C<uname>, C<uniq>, C<uquadtype>, C<use5005threads>, C<use64bitall>,
11291 C<use64bitint>, C<usecrosscompile>, C<usedl>, C<usefaststdio>,
11292 C<useithreads>, C<uselargefiles>, C<uselongdouble>, C<usemorebits>,
11293 C<usemultiplicity>, C<usemymalloc>, C<usenm>, C<useopcode>, C<useperlio>,
11294 C<useposix>, C<usereentrant>, C<usesfio>, C<useshrplib>, C<usesocks>,
11295 C<usethreads>, C<usevendorprefix>, C<usevfork>, C<usrinc>, C<uuname>,
11296 C<uvoformat>, C<uvsize>, C<uvtype>, C<uvuformat>, C<uvxformat>,
11301 C<vendorarch>, C<vendorarchexp>, C<vendorbin>, C<vendorbinexp>,
11302 C<vendorhtml1dir>, C<vendorhtml1direxp>, C<vendorhtml3dir>,
11303 C<vendorhtml3direxp>, C<vendorlib>, C<vendorlib_stem>, C<vendorlibexp>,
11304 C<vendorman1dir>, C<vendorman1direxp>, C<vendorman3dir>,
11305 C<vendorman3direxp>, C<vendorprefix>, C<vendorprefixexp>, C<vendorscript>,
11306 C<vendorscriptexp>, C<version>, C<version_patchlevel_string>,
11307 C<versiononly>, C<vi>, C<voidflags>
11311 C<xlibpth>, C<xs_apiversion>
11315 C<yacc>, C<yaccflags>
11327 =head2 Cwd - get pathname of current working directory
11337 =item getcwd and friends
11339 getcwd, cwd, fastcwd, fastgetcwd
11341 =item abs_path and friends
11343 abs_path, realpath, fast_abs_path
11355 =head2 DB - programmatic interface to the Perl debugging API (draft,
11367 =item Global Variables
11369 $DB::sub, %DB::sub, $DB::single, $DB::signal, $DB::trace, @DB::args,
11370 @DB::dbline, %DB::dbline, $DB::package, $DB::filename, $DB::subname,
11375 CLIENT->register(), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->skippkg('D::hide'),
11376 CLIENT->run(), CLIENT->step(), CLIENT->next(), CLIENT->done()
11378 =item Client Callback Methods
11380 CLIENT->init(), CLIENT->prestop([STRING]), CLIENT->stop(), CLIENT->idle(),
11381 CLIENT->poststop([STRING]), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->cleanup(),
11382 CLIENT->output(LIST)
11392 =head2 DB_File - Perl5 access to Berkeley DB version 1.x
11400 B<DB_HASH>, B<DB_BTREE>, B<DB_RECNO>
11404 =item Using DB_File with Berkeley DB version 2 or greater
11406 =item Interface to Berkeley DB
11408 =item Opening a Berkeley DB Database File
11410 =item Default Parameters
11412 =item In Memory Databases
11420 =item A Simple Example
11428 =item Changing the BTREE sort order
11430 =item Handling Duplicate Keys
11432 =item The get_dup() Method
11434 =item The find_dup() Method
11436 =item The del_dup() Method
11438 =item Matching Partial Keys
11446 =item The 'bval' Option
11448 =item A Simple Example
11450 =item Extra RECNO Methods
11452 B<$X-E<gt>push(list) ;>, B<$value = $X-E<gt>pop ;>, B<$X-E<gt>shift>,
11453 B<$X-E<gt>unshift(list) ;>, B<$X-E<gt>length>, B<$X-E<gt>splice(offset,
11454 length, elements);>
11456 =item Another Example
11460 =item THE API INTERFACE
11462 B<$status = $X-E<gt>get($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status =
11463 $X-E<gt>put($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>del($key [,
11464 $flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>fd ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>seq($key,
11465 $value, $flags) ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>sync([$flags]) ;>
11469 B<filter_store_key>, B<filter_store_value>, B<filter_fetch_key>,
11470 B<filter_fetch_value>
11476 =item An Example -- the NULL termination problem.
11478 =item Another Example -- Key is a C int.
11482 =item HINTS AND TIPS
11486 =item Locking: The Trouble with fd
11488 =item Safe ways to lock a database
11490 B<Tie::DB_Lock>, B<Tie::DB_LockFile>, B<DB_File::Lock>
11492 =item Sharing Databases With C Applications
11494 =item The untie() Gotcha
11498 =item COMMON QUESTIONS
11502 =item Why is there Perl source in my database?
11504 =item How do I store complex data structures with DB_File?
11506 =item What does "Invalid Argument" mean?
11508 =item What does "Bareword 'DB_File' not allowed" mean?
11528 =head2 Data::Dumper - stringified perl data structures, suitable for both
11529 printing and C<eval>
11541 I<PACKAGE>->new(I<ARRAYREF [>, I<ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Dump I<or>
11542 I<PACKAGE>->Dump(I<ARRAYREF [>, I<ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Seen(I<[HASHREF]>),
11543 I<$OBJ>->Values(I<[ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Names(I<[ARRAYREF]>),
11550 =item Configuration Variables or Methods
11576 =head2 Devel::DProf - a Perl code profiler
11584 =item PROFILE FORMAT
11596 =head2 Devel::PPPort - Perl/Pollution/Portability
11618 =head2 Devel::Peek - A data debugging tool for the XS programmer
11628 =item Runtime debugging
11630 =item Memory footprint debugging
11638 =item A simple scalar string
11640 =item A simple scalar number
11642 =item A simple scalar with an extra reference
11644 =item A reference to a simple scalar
11646 =item A reference to an array
11648 =item A reference to a hash
11650 =item Dumping a large array or hash
11652 =item A reference to an SV which holds a C pointer
11654 =item A reference to a subroutine
11668 =head2 Devel::SelfStubber - generate stubs for a SelfLoading module
11678 =head2 Digest:: - Modules that calculate message digests
11686 I<binary>, I<hex>, I<base64>
11690 $ctx = Digest->XXX($arg,...), $ctx = Digest->new(XXX => $arg,...), $ctx =
11691 Digest::XXX->new($arg,...), $other_ctx = $ctx->clone, $ctx->reset,
11692 $ctx->add($data,...), $ctx->addfile($io_handle), $ctx->digest,
11693 $ctx->hexdigest, $ctx->b64digest
11701 =head2 Digest::MD5 - Perl interface to the MD5 Algorithm
11711 md5($data,...), md5_hex($data,...), md5_base64($data,...)
11715 $md5 = Digest::MD5->new, $md5->reset, $md5->clone, $md5->add($data,...),
11716 $md5->addfile($io_handle), $md5->digest, $md5->hexdigest, $md5->b64digest
11728 =head2 DirHandle - supply object methods for directory handles
11740 =head2 Dumpvalue - provides screen dump of Perl data.
11752 C<arrayDepth>, C<hashDepth>, C<compactDump>, C<veryCompact>, C<globPrint>,
11753 C<dumpDBFiles>, C<dumpPackages>, C<dumpReused>, C<tick>, C<quoteHighBit>,
11754 C<printUndef>, C<usageOnly>, unctrl, subdump, bareStringify, quoteHighBit,
11759 dumpValue, dumpValues, stringify, dumpvars, set_quote, set_unctrl,
11760 compactDump, veryCompact, set, get
11766 =head2 DynaLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code
11774 @dl_library_path, @dl_resolve_using, @dl_require_symbols, @dl_librefs,
11775 @dl_modules, dl_error(), $dl_debug, dl_findfile(), dl_expandspec(),
11776 dl_load_file(), dl_unload_file(), dl_load_flags(), dl_find_symbol(),
11777 dl_find_symbol_anywhere(), dl_undef_symbols(), dl_install_xsub(),
11784 =head2 DynaLoader::XSLoader, XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into
11797 =head2 Encode - character encodings
11805 =item Table of Contents
11817 =item PERL ENCODING API
11819 $octets = encode(ENCODING, $string [, CHECK]), $string = decode(ENCODING,
11820 $octets [, CHECK]), [$length =] from_to($octets, FROM_ENC, TO_ENC [,
11821 CHECK]), $octets = encode_utf8($string);, $string = decode_utf8($octets [,
11826 =item Listing available encodings
11828 =item Defining Aliases
11832 =item Encoding via PerlIO
11834 =item Handling Malformed Data
11836 I<CHECK> = Encode::FB_DEFAULT ( == 0), I<CHECK> = Encode::FB_CROAK ( == 1),
11837 I<CHECK> = Encode::FB_QUIET, I<CHECK> = Encode::FB_WARN, perlqq mode
11838 (I<CHECK> = Encode::FB_PERLQQ), HTML charref mode (I<CHECK> =
11839 Encode::FB_HTMLCREF), XML charref mode (I<CHECK> = Encode::FB_XMLCREF), The
11844 =item Unimplemented fallback schemes
11848 =item Defining Encodings
11850 =item The UTF-8 flag
11852 Goal #1:, Goal #2:, Goal #3:, Goal #4:
11856 =item Messing with Perl's Internals
11858 is_utf8(STRING [, CHECK]), _utf8_on(STRING), _utf8_off(STRING)
11868 =head2 Encode::Alias - alias definitions to encodings
11876 As a simple string, As a qr// compiled regular expression, e.g.:, As a code
11881 =item Alias overloading
11889 =head2 Encode::Byte - Single Byte Encodings
11903 =head2 Encode::CJKConstants -- Internally used by Encode::??::ISO_2022_*
11905 =head2 Encode::CN - China-based Chinese Encodings
11921 =head2 Encode::CN::HZ -- internally used by Encode::CN
11923 =head2 Encode::Config -- internally used by Encode
11925 =head2 Encode::EBCDIC - EBCDIC Encodings
11939 =head2 Encode::Encoding - Encode Implementation Base Class
11949 =item Methods you should implement
11951 -E<gt>encode($string [,$check]), -E<gt>decode($octets [,$check]),
11952 -E<gt>cat_decode($destination, $octets, $offset, $terminator [,$check])
11954 =item Other methods defined in Encode::Encodings
11956 -E<gt>name, -E<gt>renew, -E<gt>perlio_ok(), -E<gt>needs_lines()
11958 =item Example: Encode::ROT13
11962 =item Why the heck Encode API is different?
11966 =item Compiled Encodings
11972 Scheme 1, Scheme 2, Other Schemes
11976 =head2 Encode::Guess -- Guesses encoding from data
11986 Encode::Guess->set_suspects, Encode::Guess->add_suspects,
11987 Encode::decode("Guess" ...), Encode::Guess->guess($data),
11988 guess_encoding($data, [, I<list of suspects>])
11998 =head2 Encode::JP - Japanese Encodings
12008 =item Note on ISO-2022-JP(-1)?
12016 =head2 Encode::JP::H2Z -- internally used by Encode::JP::2022_JP*
12018 =head2 Encode::JP::JIS7 -- internally used by Encode::JP
12020 =head2 Encode::KR - Korean Encodings
12034 =head2 Encode::KR::2022_KR -- internally used by Encode::KR
12036 =head2 Encode::MIME::Header -- MIME 'B' and 'Q' header encoding
12052 =head2 Encode::PerlIO -- a detailed document on Encode and PerlIO
12058 =item How does it work?
12060 =item Line Buffering
12064 =item How can I tell whether my encoding fully supports PerlIO ?
12072 =head2 Encode::Supported -- Encodings supported by Encode
12080 =item Encoding Names
12084 =item Supported Encodings
12088 =item Built-in Encodings
12090 =item Encode::Unicode -- other Unicode encodings
12092 =item Encode::Byte -- Extended ASCII
12094 ISO-8859 and corresponding vendor mappings, KOI8 - De Facto Standard for
12095 the Cyrillic world, gsm0338 - Hentai Latin 1
12097 =item CJK: Chinese, Japanese, Korean (Multibyte)
12099 Encode::CN -- Continental China, Encode::JP -- Japan, Encode::KR -- Korea,
12100 Encode::TW -- Taiwan, Encode::HanExtra -- More Chinese via CPAN,
12101 Encode::JIS2K -- JIS X 0213 encodings via CPAN
12103 =item Miscellaneous encodings
12105 Encode::EBCDIC, Encode::Symbols, Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::Guess
12109 =item Unsupported encodings
12111 ISO-2022-JP-2 [RFC1554], ISO-2022-CN [RFC1922], Various HP-UX encodings,
12112 Cyrillic encoding ISO-IR-111, ISO-8859-8-1 [Hebrew], ISIRI 3342, Iran
12113 System, ISIRI 2900 [Farsi], Thai encoding TCVN, Vietnamese encodings VPS,
12114 Various Mac encodings, (Mac) Indic encodings
12116 =item Encoding vs. Charset -- terminology
12118 =item Encoding Classification (by Anton Tagunov and Dan Kogai)
12122 =item Microsoft-related naming mess
12124 KS_C_5601-1987, GB2312, Big5, Shift_JIS
12130 character repertoire, coded character set (CCS), character encoding scheme
12131 (CES), charset (in MIME context), EUC, ISO-2022, UCS, UCS-2, Unicode, UTF,
12138 ECMA, ECMA-035 (eq C<ISO-2022>), IANA, Assigned Charset Names by IANA, ISO,
12139 RFC, UC, Unicode Glossary
12143 =item Other Notable Sites
12145 czyborra.com, CJK.inf, Jungshik Shin's Hangul FAQ, debian.org:
12146 "Introduction to i18n"
12148 =item Offline sources
12150 C<CJKV Information Processing> by Ken Lunde
12156 =head2 Encode::Symbol - Symbol Encodings
12170 =head2 Encode::TW - Taiwan-based Chinese Encodings
12186 =head2 Encode::Unicode -- Various Unicode Transformation Formats
12194 L<http://www.unicode.org/glossary/> says:, Quick Reference
12196 =item Size, Endianness, and BOM
12202 =item by endianness
12204 BOM as integer when fetched in network byte order
12208 =item Surrogate Pairs
12214 =head2 Encode::Unicode::UTF7 -- UTF-7 encoding
12228 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Alias, Encode::Alias - alias definitions to
12237 As a simple string, As a qr// compiled regular expression, e.g.:, As a code
12242 =item Alias overloading
12250 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::CJKConstants, Encode::CJKConstants.pm --
12251 Internally used by Encode::??::ISO_2022_*
12253 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::CN::HZ, Encode::CN::HZ -- internally used by
12256 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Config, Encode::Config -- internally used by
12259 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Encoding, Encode::Encoding - Encode
12260 Implementation Base Class
12270 =item Methods you should implement
12272 -E<gt>encode($string [,$check]), -E<gt>decode($octets [,$check]),
12273 -E<gt>cat_decode($destination, $octets, $offset, $terminator [,$check])
12275 =item Other methods defined in Encode::Encodings
12277 -E<gt>name, -E<gt>renew, -E<gt>perlio_ok(), -E<gt>needs_lines()
12279 =item Example: Encode::ROT13
12283 =item Why the heck Encode API is different?
12287 =item Compiled Encodings
12293 Scheme 1, Scheme 2, Other Schemes
12297 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Guess, Encode::Guess -- Guesses encoding from
12308 Encode::Guess->set_suspects, Encode::Guess->add_suspects,
12309 Encode::decode("Guess" ...), Encode::Guess->guess($data),
12310 guess_encoding($data, [, I<list of suspects>])
12320 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::JP::H2Z, Encode::JP::H2Z -- internally used by
12321 Encode::JP::2022_JP*
12323 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::JP::JIS7, Encode::JP::JIS7 -- internally used
12326 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::KR::2022_KR, Encode::KR::2022_KR -- internally
12329 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::MIME::Header -- MIME 'B'
12330 and 'Q' header encoding
12346 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::PerlIO, Encode::PerlIO -- a detailed document
12347 on Encode and PerlIO
12353 =item How does it work?
12355 =item Line Buffering
12359 =item How can I tell whether my encoding fully supports PerlIO ?
12367 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Supported, Encode::Supported -- Encodings
12368 supported by Encode
12376 =item Encoding Names
12380 =item Supported Encodings
12384 =item Built-in Encodings
12386 =item Encode::Unicode -- other Unicode encodings
12388 =item Encode::Byte -- Extended ASCII
12390 ISO-8859 and corresponding vendor mappings, KOI8 - De Facto Standard for
12391 the Cyrillic world, gsm0338 - Hentai Latin 1
12393 =item CJK: Chinese, Japanese, Korean (Multibyte)
12395 Encode::CN -- Continental China, Encode::JP -- Japan, Encode::KR -- Korea,
12396 Encode::TW -- Taiwan, Encode::HanExtra -- More Chinese via CPAN,
12397 Encode::JIS2K -- JIS X 0213 encodings via CPAN
12399 =item Miscellaneous encodings
12401 Encode::EBCDIC, Encode::Symbols, Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::Guess
12405 =item Unsupported encodings
12407 ISO-2022-JP-2 [RFC1554], ISO-2022-CN [RFC1922], Various HP-UX encodings,
12408 Cyrillic encoding ISO-IR-111, ISO-8859-8-1 [Hebrew], ISIRI 3342, Iran
12409 System, ISIRI 2900 [Farsi], Thai encoding TCVN, Vietnamese encodings VPS,
12410 Various Mac encodings, (Mac) Indic encodings
12412 =item Encoding vs. Charset -- terminology
12414 =item Encoding Classification (by Anton Tagunov and Dan Kogai)
12418 =item Microsoft-related naming mess
12420 KS_C_5601-1987, GB2312, Big5, Shift_JIS
12426 character repertoire, coded character set (CCS), character encoding scheme
12427 (CES), charset (in MIME context), EUC, ISO-2022, UCS, UCS-2, Unicode, UTF,
12434 ECMA, ECMA-035 (eq C<ISO-2022>), IANA, Assigned Charset Names by IANA, ISO,
12435 RFC, UC, Unicode Glossary
12439 =item Other Notable Sites
12441 czyborra.com, CJK.inf, Jungshik Shin's Hangul FAQ, debian.org:
12442 "Introduction to i18n"
12444 =item Offline sources
12446 C<CJKV Information Processing> by Ken Lunde
12452 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Unicode::UTF7, Encode::Unicode::UTF7 -- UTF-7
12467 =head2 Encode::lib::Encoder, Encode::Encoder -- Object Oriented Encoder
12479 =item Predefined Methods
12481 $e = Encode::Encoder-E<gt>new([$data, $encoding]);, encoder(),
12482 $e-E<gt>data([$data]), $e-E<gt>encoding([$encoding]),
12483 $e-E<gt>bytes([$encoding])
12485 =item Example: base64 transcoder
12487 =item Operator Overloading
12495 =head2 Encodencoding, encoding - allows you to write your script in
12496 non-ascii or non-utf8
12506 =item Literal Conversions
12508 =item PerlIO layers for C<STD(IN|OUT)>
12512 =item FEATURES THAT REQUIRE 5.8.1
12514 "NON-EUC" doublebyte encodings, tr//, DATA pseudo-filehandle
12518 use encoding [I<ENCNAME>] ;, use encoding I<ENCNAME> [ STDIN =E<gt>
12519 I<ENCNAME_IN> ...] ;, use encoding I<ENCNAME> Filter=E<gt>1;, no encoding;
12521 =item The Filter Option
12525 =item Filter-related changes at Encode version 1.87
12535 =item DO NOT MIX MULTIPLE ENCODINGS
12537 =item tr/// with ranges
12539 Legend of characters above
12543 =item EXAMPLE - Greekperl
12545 =item KNOWN PROBLEMS
12547 literals in regex that are longer than 127 bytes, EBCDIC, format
12555 =head2 Encoder, Encode::Encoder -- Object Oriented Encoder
12567 =item Predefined Methods
12569 $e = Encode::Encoder-E<gt>new([$data, $encoding]);, encoder(),
12570 $e-E<gt>data([$data]), $e-E<gt>encoding([$encoding]),
12571 $e-E<gt>bytes([$encoding])
12573 =item Example: base64 transcoder
12575 =item Operator Overloading
12583 =head2 English - use nice English (or awk) names for ugly punctuation
12596 =head2 Env - perl module that imports environment variables as scalars or
12611 =head2 Errno - System errno constants
12627 =head2 Exporter - Implements default import method for modules
12637 =item How to Export
12639 =item Selecting What To Export
12641 =item How to Import
12643 C<use ModuleName;>, C<use ModuleName ();>, C<use ModuleName qw(...);>
12647 =item Advanced features
12651 =item Specialised Import Lists
12653 =item Exporting without using Exporter's import method
12655 =item Module Version Checking
12657 =item Managing Unknown Symbols
12659 =item Tag Handling Utility Functions
12661 =item Generating combined tags
12663 =item C<AUTOLOAD>ed Constants
12669 =head2 Exporter::Heavy - Exporter guts
12679 =head2 ExtUtils::Command - utilities to replace common UNIX commands in
12700 mv source... destination
12702 cp source... destination
12720 =head2 ExtUtils::Command::MM - Commands for the MM's to use in Makefiles
12734 B<warn_if_old_packlist>
12736 B<perllocal_install>
12740 =head2 ExtUtils::Constant - generate XS code to import C header constants
12750 IV, UV, NV, PV, PVN, SV, YES, NO, UNDEF
12758 perl_stringify NAME
12762 memEQ_clause NAME, CHECKED_AT, INDENT
12764 assign INDENT, TYPE, PRE, POST, VALUE..
12768 switch_clause INDENT, NAMELEN, ITEMHASH, ITEM..
12776 C_constant, name, type, value, macro, default, pre, post, def_pre =item
12779 XS_constant PACKAGE, TYPES, SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME
12781 autoload PACKAGE, VERSION, AUTOLOADER
12783 WriteMakefileSnippet
12785 WriteConstants ATTRIBUTE =E<gt> VALUE [, ...], NAME, DEFAULT_TYPE,
12786 BREAKOUT_AT, NAMES, C_FILE, XS_FILE, SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME
12794 =head2 ExtUtils::Embed - Utilities for embedding Perl in C/C++ applications
12806 xsinit(), Examples, ldopts(), Examples, perl_inc(), ccflags(), ccdlflags(),
12807 ccopts(), xsi_header(), xsi_protos(@modules), xsi_body(@modules)
12817 =head2 ExtUtils::Install - install files from here to there
12835 B<install_default> I<DISCOURAGED>
12847 B<PERL_INSTALL_ROOT>
12855 =head2 ExtUtils::Installed - Inventory management of installed modules
12867 new(), modules(), files(), directories(), directory_tree(), validate(),
12868 packlist(), version()
12876 =head2 ExtUtils::Liblist - determine libraries to use and how to use them
12884 For static extensions, For dynamic extensions at build/link time, For
12885 dynamic extensions at load time
12891 =item LDLOADLIBS and LD_RUN_PATH
12901 =item VMS implementation
12903 =item Win32 implementation
12911 =head2 ExtUtils::MM - OS adjusted ExtUtils::MakeMaker subclass
12921 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Any - Platform agnostic MM methods
12929 =item Inherently Cross-Platform Methods
12939 =item File::Spec wrappers
12947 =item Thought To Be Cross-Platform Methods
12963 makemakerdflt_target
12981 metafile_addtomanifest_target
12985 =item Abstract methods
12987 oneliner, B<quote_literal>, B<escape_newlines>, max_exec_len,
12988 B<init_others>, init_DIRFILESEP, init_linker, init_platform,
13001 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_BeOS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
13002 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
13016 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
13017 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
13031 replace_manpage_separator (o)
13035 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_DOS - DOS specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix
13045 =item Overridden methods
13053 B<replace_manpage_separator>
13063 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_MacOS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
13064 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
13086 init_platform, platform_constants
13092 special_targets (o)
13102 clean_subdirs_target
13106 realclean_subdirs_target
13114 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_NW5 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
13115 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
13127 init_platform (o), platform_constants
13135 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_OS2 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
13136 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
13154 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_UWIN - U/WIN specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix
13164 =item Overridden methods
13172 B<replace_manpage_separator>
13182 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Unix - methods used by ExtUtils::MakeMaker
13208 clean_subdirs_target
13270 =item Methods to actually produce chunks of text for the Makefile
13300 init_platform (o), platform_constants (o)
13344 post_initialize (o)
13358 realclean_subdirs_target
13360 replace_manpage_separator
13382 test_via_harness (override)
13384 test_via_script (override)
13408 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_VMS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
13409 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
13419 =item Methods always loaded
13431 guess_name (override)
13435 find_perl (override)
13437 maybe_command (override)
13439 perl_script (override)
13441 replace_manpage_separator
13447 init_main (override)
13449 init_others (override)
13451 init_platform (override)
13455 init_VERSION (override)
13457 constants (override)
13463 const_cccmd (override)
13465 tool_sxubpp (override)
13467 tools_other (override)
13469 init_dist (override)
13479 dynamic_lib (override)
13481 dynamic_bs (override)
13483 static_lib (override)
13485 processPL (override)
13487 installbin (override)
13489 subdir_x (override)
13493 clean_subdirs_target
13495 realclean (override)
13497 zipfile_target (o), tarfile_target (o), shdist_target (o)
13499 dist_test (override)
13503 perldepend (override)
13505 makefile (override)
13507 find_tests (override)
13511 makeaperl (override)
13513 nicetext (override)
13515 prefixify (override)
13535 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Win32 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
13536 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
13548 =item Overridden methods
13554 replace_manpage_separator
13564 init_platform (o), platform_constants (o)
13566 special_targets (o)
13588 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Win95 - method to customize MakeMaker for Win9X
13598 =item Overriden methods
13614 clean_subdirs_target
13616 realclean_subdirs_target
13628 =head2 ExtUtils::MY - ExtUtils::MakeMaker subclass for customization
13638 =head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker - Create a module Makefile
13648 =item How To Write A Makefile.PL
13650 =item Default Makefile Behaviour
13658 =item PREFIX and LIB attribute
13662 =item Static Linking of a new Perl Binary
13664 =item Determination of Perl Library and Installation Locations
13666 =item Which architecture dependent directory?
13668 =item Using Attributes and Parameters
13670 ABSTRACT, ABSTRACT_FROM, AUTHOR, BINARY_LOCATION, C, CCFLAGS, CONFIG,
13671 CONFIGURE, DEFINE, DESTDIR, DIR, DISTNAME, DISTVNAME, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS,
13672 EXCLUDE_EXT, EXE_FILES, FIRST_MAKEFILE, FULLPERL, FULLPERLRUN,
13673 FULLPERLRUNINST, FUNCLIST, H, IMPORTS, INC, INCLUDE_EXT, INSTALLARCHLIB,
13674 INSTALLBIN, INSTALLDIRS, INSTALLMAN1DIR, INSTALLMAN3DIR, INSTALLPRIVLIB,
13675 INSTALLSCRIPT, INSTALLSITEARCH, INSTALLSITEBIN, INSTALLSITELIB,
13676 INSTALLSITEMAN1DIR, INSTALLSITEMAN3DIR, INSTALLVENDORARCH,
13677 INSTALLVENDORBIN, INSTALLVENDORLIB, INSTALLVENDORMAN1DIR,
13678 INSTALLVENDORMAN3DIR, INST_ARCHLIB, INST_BIN, INST_LIB, INST_MAN1DIR,
13679 INST_MAN3DIR, INST_SCRIPT, LD, LDDLFLAGS, LDFROM, LIB, LIBPERL_A, LIBS,
13680 LINKTYPE, MAKEAPERL, MAKEFILE_OLD, MAN1PODS, MAN3PODS, MAP_TARGET,
13681 MYEXTLIB, NAME, NEEDS_LINKING, NOECHO, NORECURS, NO_META, NO_VC, OBJECT,
13682 OPTIMIZE, PERL, PERL_CORE, PERLMAINCC, PERL_ARCHLIB, PERL_LIB,
13683 PERL_MALLOC_OK, PERLPREFIX, PERLRUN, PERLRUNINST, PERL_SRC, PERM_RW,
13684 PERM_RWX, PL_FILES, PM, PMLIBDIRS, PM_FILTER, POLLUTE, PPM_INSTALL_EXEC,
13685 PPM_INSTALL_SCRIPT, PREFIX, PREREQ_FATAL, PREREQ_PM, PREREQ_PRINT,
13686 PRINT_PREREQ, SITEPREFIX, SKIP, TYPEMAPS, VENDORPREFIX, VERBINST, VERSION,
13687 VERSION_FROM, VERSION_SYM, XS, XSOPT, XSPROTOARG, XS_VERSION
13689 =item Additional lowercase attributes
13691 clean, depend, dist, dynamic_lib, linkext, macro, postamble, realclean,
13692 test, tool_autosplit
13694 =item Overriding MakeMaker Methods
13696 =item The End Of Cargo Cult Programming
13698 C<<MAN3PODS => ' '>>
13700 =item Hintsfile support
13702 =item Distribution Support
13704 make distcheck, make skipcheck, make distclean, make manifest,
13705 make distdir, make disttest, make tardist, make dist, make
13706 uutardist, make shdist, make zipdist, make ci
13708 =item Module Meta-Data
13710 =item Disabling an extension
13712 =item Other Handy Functions
13720 PERL_MM_OPT, PERL_MM_USE_DEFAULT
13730 =head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::FAQ - Frequently Asked Questions About
13739 =item Philosophy and History
13741 Why not just use <insert other build config tool here>?, What's
13742 Module::Build and how does it relate to MakeMaker?, pure perl. no make, no
13743 shell commands, easier to customize, cleaner internals, less cruft
13745 =item Module Writing
13747 How do I keep my $VERSION up to date without resetting it manually?, What's
13748 this F<META.yml> thing and how did it get in my F<MANIFEST>?!
13752 How to I prevent "object version X.XX does not match bootstrap parameter
13753 Y.YY" errors?, How do I make two or more XS files coexist in the same
13766 =head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Tutorial - Writing a module with MakeMaker
13780 Makefile.PL, MANIFEST, lib/, t/, Changes, README, INSTALL, MANIFEST.SKIP,
13789 =head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::bytes - Version agnostic bytes.pm
13799 =head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::vmsish - Platform agnostic vmsish.pm
13809 =head2 ExtUtils::Manifest - utilities to write and check a MANIFEST file
13847 =item MANIFEST.SKIP
13851 =item GLOBAL VARIABLES
13859 C<Not in MANIFEST:> I<file>, C<Skipping> I<file>, C<No such file:> I<file>,
13860 C<MANIFEST:> I<$!>, C<Added to MANIFEST:> I<file>
13864 B<PERL_MM_MANIFEST_DEBUG>
13872 =head2 ExtUtils::Miniperl, writemain - write the C code for perlmain.c
13884 =head2 ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap - make a bootstrap file for use by DynaLoader
13894 =head2 ExtUtils::Mksymlists - write linker options files for dynamic
13903 DLBASE, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, FILE, FUNCLIST, IMPORTS, NAME
13911 =head2 ExtUtils::Packlist - manage .packlist files
13923 new(), read(), write(), validate(), packlist_file()
13931 =head2 ExtUtils::testlib - add blib/* directories to @INC
13941 =head2 Fatal - replace functions with equivalents which succeed or die
13953 =head2 Fcntl - load the C Fcntl.h defines
13963 =item EXPORTED SYMBOLS
13967 =head2 File::Basename, fileparse - split a pathname into pieces
13975 fileparse_set_fstype, fileparse
13979 C<basename>, C<dirname>
13983 =head2 File::CheckTree, validate - run many filetest checks on a tree
13997 =head2 File::Compare - Compare files or filehandles
14011 =head2 File::Copy - Copy files or filehandles
14021 =item Special behaviour if C<syscopy> is defined (OS/2, VMS and Win32)
14023 rmscopy($from,$to[,$date_flag])
14035 =head2 File::DosGlob - DOS like globbing and then some
14045 =item EXPORTS (by request only)
14057 =head2 File::Find - Traverse a directory tree.
14065 B<find>, B<finddepth>
14071 C<wanted>, C<bydepth>, C<preprocess>, C<postprocess>, C<follow>,
14072 C<follow_fast>, C<follow_skip>, C<dangling_symlinks>, C<no_chdir>,
14073 C<untaint>, C<untaint_pattern>, C<untaint_skip>
14075 =item The wanted function
14077 C<$File::Find::dir> is the current directory name,, C<$_> is the current
14078 filename within that directory, C<$File::Find::name> is the complete
14079 pathname to the file
14087 $dont_use_nlink, symlinks
14095 =head2 File::Glob - Perl extension for BSD glob routine
14103 C<GLOB_ERR>, C<GLOB_LIMIT>, C<GLOB_MARK>, C<GLOB_NOCASE>, C<GLOB_NOCHECK>,
14104 C<GLOB_NOSORT>, C<GLOB_BRACE>, C<GLOB_NOMAGIC>, C<GLOB_QUOTE>,
14105 C<GLOB_TILDE>, C<GLOB_CSH>, C<GLOB_ALPHASORT>
14109 C<GLOB_NOSPACE>, C<GLOB_ABEND>
14117 =head2 File::Path - create or remove directory trees
14131 =head2 File::Spec - portably perform operations on file names
14141 canonpath, catdir, catfile, curdir, devnull, rootdir, tmpdir, updir,
14142 no_upwards, case_tolerant, file_name_is_absolute, path, join, splitpath,
14143 splitdir, catpath(), abs2rel, rel2abs()
14151 =head2 File::Spec::Cygwin - methods for Cygwin file specs
14163 file_name_is_absolute
14167 =head2 File::Spec::Epoc - methods for Epoc file specs
14187 =head2 File::Spec::Functions - portably perform operations on file names
14205 =head2 File::Spec::Mac - File::Spec for Mac OS (Classic)
14233 file_name_is_absolute
14265 =head2 File::Spec::OS2 - methods for OS/2 file specs
14275 =head2 File::Spec::Unix - File::Spec for Unix, base for other File::Spec
14308 file_name_is_absolute
14330 =head2 File::Spec::VMS - methods for VMS file specs
14346 =item Methods always loaded
14348 canonpath (override)
14366 case_tolerant (override)
14370 file_name_is_absolute (override)
14372 splitpath (override)
14374 splitdir (override)
14388 =head2 File::Spec::Win32 - methods for Win32 file specs
14414 =item Note For File::Spec::Win32 Maintainers
14424 =head2 File::Temp - return name and handle of a temporary file safely
14448 =item MKTEMP FUNCTIONS
14462 =item POSIX FUNCTIONS
14472 =item ADDITIONAL FUNCTIONS
14480 =item UTILITY FUNCTIONS
14488 =item PACKAGE VARIABLES
14490 B<safe_level>, STANDARD, MEDIUM, HIGH
14502 =item Temporary files and NFS
14514 =head2 File::stat - by-name interface to Perl's built-in stat() functions
14530 =head2 FileCache - keep more files open than the system permits
14538 cacheout EXPR, cacheout MODE, EXPR
14548 =head2 FileHandle - supply object methods for filehandles
14556 $fh->print, $fh->printf, $fh->getline, $fh->getlines
14562 =head2 Filter::Simple - Simplified source filtering
14576 =item Disabling or changing <no> behaviour
14578 =item All-in-one interface
14580 =item Filtering only specific components of source code
14582 C<"code">, C<"executable">, C<"quotelike">, C<"string">, C<"regex">,
14585 =item Filtering only the code parts of source code
14587 Most source code ceases to be grammatically correct when it is broken up
14588 into the pieces between string literals and regexes. So the C<'code'>
14589 component filter behaves slightly differently from the other partial
14591 described in the previous section.
14593 =item Using Filter::Simple with an explicit C<import> subroutine
14595 =item Using Filter::Simple and Exporter together
14607 =head2 Filter::Util::Call - Perl Source Filter Utility Module
14617 =item B<use Filter::Util::Call>
14621 =item B<filter() and anonymous sub>
14623 B<$_>, B<$status>, B<filter_read> and B<filter_read_exact>, B<filter_del>
14631 =item Example 1: A simple filter.
14633 =item Example 2: Using the context
14635 =item Example 3: Using the context within the filter
14637 =item Example 4: Using filter_del
14641 =item Filter::Simple
14649 =head2 FindBin - Locate directory of original perl script
14657 =item EXPORTABLE VARIABLES
14669 =head2 GDBM_File - Perl5 access to the gdbm library.
14685 =head2 Getopt::Long - Extended processing of command line options
14693 =item Command Line Options, an Introduction
14695 =item Getting Started with Getopt::Long
14699 =item Simple options
14701 =item A little bit less simple options
14703 =item Mixing command line option with other arguments
14705 =item Options with values
14707 =item Options with multiple values
14709 =item Options with hash values
14711 =item User-defined subroutines to handle options
14713 =item Options with multiple names
14715 =item Case and abbreviations
14717 =item Summary of Option Specifications
14719 !, +, s, i, o, f, : I<type> [ I<desttype> ], : I<number> [ I<desttype> ], :
14724 =item Advanced Possibilities
14728 =item Object oriented interface
14730 =item Thread Safety
14732 =item Documentation and help texts
14734 =item Storing options in a hash
14738 =item The lonesome dash
14740 =item Argument callback
14744 =item Configuring Getopt::Long
14746 default, posix_default, auto_abbrev, getopt_compat, gnu_compat, gnu_getopt,
14747 require_order, permute, bundling (default: disabled), bundling_override
14748 (default: disabled), ignore_case (default: enabled), ignore_case_always
14749 (default: disabled), auto_version (default:disabled), auto_help
14750 (default:disabled), pass_through (default: disabled), prefix,
14751 prefix_pattern, debug (default: disabled)
14753 =item Exportable Methods
14755 VersionMessage, C<-message>, C<-msg>, C<-exitval>, C<-output>, HelpMessage
14757 =item Return values and Errors
14763 =item Default destinations
14765 =item Alternative option starters
14767 =item Configuration variables
14771 =item Trouble Shooting
14775 =item Warning: Ignoring '!' modifier for short option
14777 =item GetOptions does not return a false result when an option is not
14780 =item GetOptions does not split the command line correctly
14782 =item Undefined subroutine &main::GetOptions called
14784 =item How do I put a "-?" option into a Getopt::Long?
14790 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER
14794 =head2 Getopt::Std, getopt - Process single-character switches with switch
14803 =item C<--help> and C<--version>
14807 =head2 Hash::Util - A selection of general-utility hash subroutines
14817 =item Restricted hashes
14819 lock_keys, unlock_keys
14825 lock_value, unlock_value
14827 B<lock_hash>, B<unlock_hash>
14839 =head2 I18N::Collate - compare 8-bit scalar data according to the current
14850 =head2 I18N::LangTags - functions for dealing with RFC3066-style language
14861 the function is_language_tag($lang1)
14863 the function extract_language_tags($whatever)
14865 the function same_language_tag($lang1, $lang2)
14867 the function similarity_language_tag($lang1, $lang2)
14869 the function is_dialect_of($lang1, $lang2)
14871 the function super_languages($lang1)
14873 the function locale2language_tag($locale_identifier)
14875 the function encode_language_tag($lang1)
14877 the function alternate_language_tags($lang1)
14879 the function @langs = panic_languages(@accept_languages)
14883 =item ABOUT LOWERCASING
14885 =item ABOUT UNICODE PLAINTEXT LANGUAGE TAGS
14895 =head2 I18N::LangTags::List -- tags and names for human languages
14903 =item ABOUT LANGUAGE TAGS
14905 =item LIST OF LANGUAGES
14907 {ab} : Abkhazian, {ace} : Achinese, {ach} : Acoli, {ada} : Adangme, {ady} :
14908 Adyghe, {aa} : Afar, {afh} : Afrihili, {af} : Afrikaans, [{afa} :
14909 Afro-Asiatic (Other)], {ak} : Akan, {akk} : Akkadian, {sq} : Albanian,
14910 {ale} : Aleut, [{alg} : Algonquian languages], [{tut} : Altaic (Other)],
14911 {am} : Amharic, {i-ami} : Ami, [{apa} : Apache languages], {ar} : Arabic,
14912 {arc} : Aramaic, {arp} : Arapaho, {arn} : Araucanian, {arw} : Arawak, {hy}
14913 : Armenian, {an} : Aragonese, [{art} : Artificial (Other)], {ast} :
14914 Asturian, {as} : Assamese, [{ath} : Athapascan languages], [{aus} :
14915 Australian languages], [{map} : Austronesian (Other)], {av} : Avaric, {ae}
14916 : Avestan, {awa} : Awadhi, {ay} : Aymara, {az} : Azerbaijani, {ban} :
14917 Balinese, [{bat} : Baltic (Other)], {bal} : Baluchi, {bm} : Bambara, [{bai}
14918 : Bamileke languages], {bad} : Banda, [{bnt} : Bantu (Other)], {bas} :
14919 Basa, {ba} : Bashkir, {eu} : Basque, {btk} : Batak (Indonesia), {bej} :
14920 Beja, {be} : Belarusian, {bem} : Bemba, {bn} : Bengali, [{ber} : Berber
14921 (Other)], {bho} : Bhojpuri, {bh} : Bihari, {bik} : Bikol, {bin} : Bini,
14922 {bi} : Bislama, {bs} : Bosnian, {bra} : Braj, {br} : Breton, {bug} :
14923 Buginese, {bg} : Bulgarian, {i-bnn} : Bunun, {bua} : Buriat, {my} :
14924 Burmese, {cad} : Caddo, {car} : Carib, {ca} : Catalan, [{cau} : Caucasian
14925 (Other)], {ceb} : Cebuano, [{cel} : Celtic (Other)], [{cai} : Central
14926 American Indian (Other)], {chg} : Chagatai, [{cmc} : Chamic languages],
14927 {ch} : Chamorro, {ce} : Chechen, {chr} : Cherokee, {chy} : Cheyenne, {chb}
14928 : Chibcha, {ny} : Chichewa, {zh} : Chinese, {chn} : Chinook Jargon, {chp} :
14929 Chipewyan, {cho} : Choctaw, {cu} : Church Slavic, {chk} : Chuukese, {cv} :
14930 Chuvash, {cop} : Coptic, {kw} : Cornish, {co} : Corsican, {cr} : Cree,
14931 {mus} : Creek, [{cpe} : English-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{cpf}
14932 : French-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{cpp} : Portuguese-based
14933 Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{crp} : Creoles and pidgins (Other)], {hr} :
14934 Croatian, [{cus} : Cushitic (Other)], {cs} : Czech, {dak} : Dakota, {da} :
14935 Danish, {dar} : Dargwa, {day} : Dayak, {i-default} : Default (Fallthru)
14936 Language, {del} : Delaware, {din} : Dinka, {dv} : Divehi, {doi} : Dogri,
14937 {dgr} : Dogrib, [{dra} : Dravidian (Other)], {dua} : Duala, {nl} : Dutch,
14938 {dum} : Middle Dutch (ca.1050-1350), {dyu} : Dyula, {dz} : Dzongkha, {efi}
14939 : Efik, {egy} : Ancient Egyptian, {eka} : Ekajuk, {elx} : Elamite, {en} :
14940 English, {enm} : Old English (1100-1500), {ang} : Old English
14941 (ca.450-1100), {i-enochian} : Enochian (Artificial), {myv} : Erzya, {eo} :
14942 Esperanto, {et} : Estonian, {ee} : Ewe, {ewo} : Ewondo, {fan} : Fang, {fat}
14943 : Fanti, {fo} : Faroese, {fj} : Fijian, {fi} : Finnish, [{fiu} :
14944 Finno-Ugrian (Other)], {fon} : Fon, {fr} : French, {frm} : Middle French
14945 (ca.1400-1600), {fro} : Old French (842-ca.1400), {fy} : Frisian, {fur} :
14946 Friulian, {ff} : Fulah, {gaa} : Ga, {gd} : Scots Gaelic, {gl} : Gallegan,
14947 {lg} : Ganda, {gay} : Gayo, {gba} : Gbaya, {gez} : Geez, {ka} : Georgian,
14948 {de} : German, {gmh} : Middle High German (ca.1050-1500), {goh} : Old High
14949 German (ca.750-1050), [{gem} : Germanic (Other)], {gil} : Gilbertese, {gon}
14950 : Gondi, {gor} : Gorontalo, {got} : Gothic, {grb} : Grebo, {grc} : Ancient
14951 Greek, {el} : Modern Greek, {gn} : Guarani, {gu} : Gujarati, {gwi} :
14952 Gwich'in, {hai} : Haida, {ht} : Haitian, {ha} : Hausa, {haw} : Hawaiian,
14953 {he} : Hebrew, {hz} : Herero, {hil} : Hiligaynon, {him} : Himachali, {hi} :
14954 Hindi, {ho} : Hiri Motu, {hit} : Hittite, {hmn} : Hmong, {hu} : Hungarian,
14955 {hup} : Hupa, {iba} : Iban, {is} : Icelandic, {io} : Ido, {ig} : Igbo,
14956 {ijo} : Ijo, {ilo} : Iloko, [{inc} : Indic (Other)], [{ine} : Indo-European
14957 (Other)], {id} : Indonesian, {inh} : Ingush, {ia} : Interlingua
14958 (International Auxiliary Language Association), {ie} : Interlingue, {iu} :
14959 Inuktitut, {ik} : Inupiaq, [{ira} : Iranian (Other)], {ga} : Irish, {mga} :
14960 Middle Irish (900-1200), {sga} : Old Irish (to 900), [{iro} : Iroquoian
14961 languages], {it} : Italian, {ja} : Japanese, {jv} : Javanese, {jrb} :
14962 Judeo-Arabic, {jpr} : Judeo-Persian, {kbd} : Kabardian, {kab} : Kabyle,
14963 {kac} : Kachin, {kl} : Kalaallisut, {xal} : Kalmyk, {kam} : Kamba, {kn} :
14964 Kannada, {kr} : Kanuri, {krc} : Karachay-Balkar, {kaa} : Kara-Kalpak, {kar}
14965 : Karen, {ks} : Kashmiri, {csb} : Kashubian, {kaw} : Kawi, {kk} : Kazakh,
14966 {kha} : Khasi, {km} : Khmer, [{khi} : Khoisan (Other)], {kho} : Khotanese,
14967 {ki} : Kikuyu, {kmb} : Kimbundu, {rw} : Kinyarwanda, {ky} : Kirghiz,
14968 {i-klingon} : Klingon, {kv} : Komi, {kg} : Kongo, {kok} : Konkani, {ko} :
14969 Korean, {kos} : Kosraean, {kpe} : Kpelle, {kro} : Kru, {kj} : Kuanyama,
14970 {kum} : Kumyk, {ku} : Kurdish, {kru} : Kurukh, {kut} : Kutenai, {lad} :
14971 Ladino, {lah} : Lahnda, {lam} : Lamba, {lo} : Lao, {la} : Latin, {lv} :
14972 Latvian, {lb} : Letzeburgesch, {lez} : Lezghian, {li} : Limburgish, {ln} :
14973 Lingala, {lt} : Lithuanian, {nds} : Low German, {art-lojban} : Lojban
14974 (Artificial), {loz} : Lozi, {lu} : Luba-Katanga, {lua} : Luba-Lulua, {lui}
14975 : Luiseno, {lun} : Lunda, {luo} : Luo (Kenya and Tanzania), {lus} : Lushai,
14976 {mk} : Macedonian, {mad} : Madurese, {mag} : Magahi, {mai} : Maithili,
14977 {mak} : Makasar, {mg} : Malagasy, {ms} : Malay, {ml} : Malayalam, {mt} :
14978 Maltese, {mnc} : Manchu, {mdr} : Mandar, {man} : Mandingo, {mni} :
14979 Manipuri, [{mno} : Manobo languages], {gv} : Manx, {mi} : Maori, {mr} :
14980 Marathi, {chm} : Mari, {mh} : Marshall, {mwr} : Marwari, {mas} : Masai,
14981 [{myn} : Mayan languages], {men} : Mende, {mic} : Micmac, {min} :
14982 Minangkabau, {i-mingo} : Mingo, [{mis} : Miscellaneous languages], {moh} :
14983 Mohawk, {mdf} : Moksha, {mo} : Moldavian, [{mkh} : Mon-Khmer (Other)],
14984 {lol} : Mongo, {mn} : Mongolian, {mos} : Mossi, [{mul} : Multiple
14985 languages], [{mun} : Munda languages], {nah} : Nahuatl, {nap} : Neapolitan,
14986 {na} : Nauru, {nv} : Navajo, {nd} : North Ndebele, {nr} : South Ndebele,
14987 {ng} : Ndonga, {ne} : Nepali, {new} : Newari, {nia} : Nias, [{nic} :
14988 Niger-Kordofanian (Other)], [{ssa} : Nilo-Saharan (Other)], {niu} : Niuean,
14989 {nog} : Nogai, {non} : Old Norse, [{nai} : North American Indian], {no} :
14990 Norwegian, {nb} : Norwegian Bokmal, {nn} : Norwegian Nynorsk, [{nub} :
14991 Nubian languages], {nym} : Nyamwezi, {nyn} : Nyankole, {nyo} : Nyoro, {nzi}
14992 : Nzima, {oc} : Occitan (post 1500), {oj} : Ojibwa, {or} : Oriya, {om} :
14993 Oromo, {osa} : Osage, {os} : Ossetian; Ossetic, [{oto} : Otomian
14994 languages], {pal} : Pahlavi, {i-pwn} : Paiwan, {pau} : Palauan, {pi} :
14995 Pali, {pam} : Pampanga, {pag} : Pangasinan, {pa} : Panjabi, {pap} :
14996 Papiamento, [{paa} : Papuan (Other)], {fa} : Persian, {peo} : Old Persian
14997 (ca.600-400 B.C.), [{phi} : Philippine (Other)], {phn} : Phoenician, {pon}
14998 : Pohnpeian, {pl} : Polish, {pt} : Portuguese, [{pra} : Prakrit languages],
14999 {pro} : Old Provencal (to 1500), {ps} : Pushto, {qu} : Quechua, {rm} :
15000 Raeto-Romance, {raj} : Rajasthani, {rap} : Rapanui, {rar} : Rarotongan,
15001 [{qaa - qtz} : Reserved for local use.], [{roa} : Romance (Other)], {ro} :
15002 Romanian, {rom} : Romany, {rn} : Rundi, {ru} : Russian, [{sal} : Salishan
15003 languages], {sam} : Samaritan Aramaic, {se} : Northern Sami, {sma} :
15004 Southern Sami, {smn} : Inari Sami, {smj} : Lule Sami, {sms} : Skolt Sami,
15005 [{smi} : Sami languages (Other)], {sm} : Samoan, {sad} : Sandawe, {sg} :
15006 Sango, {sa} : Sanskrit, {sat} : Santali, {sc} : Sardinian, {sas} : Sasak,
15007 {sco} : Scots, {sel} : Selkup, [{sem} : Semitic (Other)], {sr} : Serbian,
15008 {srr} : Serer, {shn} : Shan, {sn} : Shona, {sid} : Sidamo, {sgn-...} : Sign
15009 Languages, {bla} : Siksika, {sd} : Sindhi, {si} : Sinhalese, [{sit} :
15010 Sino-Tibetan (Other)], [{sio} : Siouan languages], {den} : Slave
15011 (Athapascan), [{sla} : Slavic (Other)], {sk} : Slovak, {sl} : Slovenian,
15012 {sog} : Sogdian, {so} : Somali, {son} : Songhai, {snk} : Soninke, {wen} :
15013 Sorbian languages, {nso} : Northern Sotho, {st} : Southern Sotho, [{sai} :
15014 South American Indian (Other)], {es} : Spanish, {suk} : Sukuma, {sux} :
15015 Sumerian, {su} : Sundanese, {sus} : Susu, {sw} : Swahili, {ss} : Swati,
15016 {sv} : Swedish, {syr} : Syriac, {tl} : Tagalog, {ty} : Tahitian, [{tai} :
15017 Tai (Other)], {tg} : Tajik, {tmh} : Tamashek, {ta} : Tamil, {i-tao} : Tao,
15018 {tt} : Tatar, {i-tay} : Tayal, {te} : Telugu, {ter} : Tereno, {tet} :
15019 Tetum, {th} : Thai, {bo} : Tibetan, {tig} : Tigre, {ti} : Tigrinya, {tem} :
15020 Timne, {tiv} : Tiv, {tli} : Tlingit, {tpi} : Tok Pisin, {tkl} : Tokelau,
15021 {tog} : Tonga (Nyasa), {to} : Tonga (Tonga Islands), {tsi} : Tsimshian,
15022 {ts} : Tsonga, {i-tsu} : Tsou, {tn} : Tswana, {tum} : Tumbuka, [{tup} :
15023 Tupi languages], {tr} : Turkish, {ota} : Ottoman Turkish (1500-1928), {crh}
15024 : Crimean Turkish, {tk} : Turkmen, {tvl} : Tuvalu, {tyv} : Tuvinian, {tw} :
15025 Twi, {udm} : Udmurt, {uga} : Ugaritic, {ug} : Uighur, {uk} : Ukrainian,
15026 {umb} : Umbundu, {und} : Undetermined, {ur} : Urdu, {uz} : Uzbek, {vai} :
15027 Vai, {ve} : Venda, {vi} : Vietnamese, {vo} : Volapuk, {vot} : Votic, [{wak}
15028 : Wakashan languages], {wa} : Walloon, {wal} : Walamo, {war} : Waray, {was}
15029 : Washo, {cy} : Welsh, {wo} : Wolof, {x-...} : Unregistered (Semi-Private
15030 Use), {xh} : Xhosa, {sah} : Yakut, {yao} : Yao, {yap} : Yapese, {ii} :
15031 Sichuan Yi, {yi} : Yiddish, {yo} : Yoruba, [{ypk} : Yupik languages], {znd}
15032 : Zande, [{zap} : Zapotec], {zen} : Zenaga, {za} : Zhuang, {zu} : Zulu,
15037 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER
15043 =head2 I18N::Langinfo - query locale information
15061 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
15065 =head2 IO - load various IO modules
15077 =head2 IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory handles
15085 new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (),
15086 rewind (), close (), tie %hash, IO::Dir, DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ]
15096 =head2 IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles
15106 new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile
15110 open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), open( FILENAME, IOLAYERS )
15118 =head2 IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O handles
15128 new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE )
15132 $io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines,
15133 $io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ), $io->error,
15134 $io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush ( ARGS ),
15135 $io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint
15147 =head2 IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes
15157 new ( [READER, WRITER] )
15161 reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles ()
15171 =head2 IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call
15181 mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ), remove (
15182 IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] )
15192 =head2 IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for I/O objects
15200 $io->getpos, $io->setpos, $io->seek ( POS, WHENCE ), WHENCE=0 (SEEK_SET),
15201 WHENCE=1 (SEEK_CUR), WHENCE=2 (SEEK_END), $io->sysseek( POS, WHENCE ),
15210 =head2 IO::Select - OO interface to the select system call
15220 new ( [ HANDLES ] )
15224 add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read (
15225 [ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ),
15226 count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, EXCEPTION [, TIMEOUT ] )
15236 =head2 IO::Socket - Object interface to socket communications
15250 accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), atmark, connected,
15251 protocol, sockdomain, sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), socktype, timeout([VAL])
15261 =head2 IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for AF_INET domain sockets
15277 sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost
15290 =head2 IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for AF_UNIX domain sockets
15304 hostpath(), peerpath()
15314 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Dir, IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory
15323 new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (),
15324 rewind (), close (), tie %hash, IO::Dir, DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ]
15334 =head2 IO::lib::IO::File, IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles
15344 new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile
15348 open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), open( FILENAME, IOLAYERS )
15356 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Handle, IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O
15367 new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE )
15371 $io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines,
15372 $io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ), $io->error,
15373 $io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush ( ARGS ),
15374 $io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint
15386 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Pipe, IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes
15396 new ( [READER, WRITER] )
15400 reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles ()
15410 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Poll, IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call
15420 mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ), remove (
15421 IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] )
15431 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Seekable, IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for
15440 $io->getpos, $io->setpos, $io->seek ( POS, WHENCE ), WHENCE=0 (SEEK_SET),
15441 WHENCE=1 (SEEK_CUR), WHENCE=2 (SEEK_END), $io->sysseek( POS, WHENCE ),
15450 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Select, IO::Select - OO interface to the select system
15461 new ( [ HANDLES ] )
15465 add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read (
15466 [ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ),
15467 count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, EXCEPTION [, TIMEOUT ] )
15477 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket, IO::Socket - Object interface to socket
15492 accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), atmark, connected,
15493 protocol, sockdomain, sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), socktype, timeout([VAL])
15503 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket::INET, IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for
15504 AF_INET domain sockets
15520 sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost
15533 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket::UNIX, IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for
15534 AF_UNIX domain sockets
15548 hostpath(), peerpath()
15558 =head2 IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class
15568 new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set
15569 ( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [,
15580 =head2 IPC::Open2, open2 - open a process for both reading and writing
15594 =head2 IPC::Open3, open3 - open a process for reading, writing, and error
15607 =head2 IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object class
15617 new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ),
15618 getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ),
15619 set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N
15630 =head2 IPC::SysV - SysV IPC constants
15648 =head2 IPC::SysV::Msg, IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class
15658 new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set
15659 ( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [,
15670 =head2 IPC::SysV::Semaphore, IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object
15681 new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ),
15682 getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ),
15683 set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N
15694 =head2 List::Util - A selection of general-utility list subroutines
15702 first BLOCK LIST, max LIST, maxstr LIST, min LIST, minstr LIST, reduce
15703 BLOCK LIST, shuffle LIST, sum LIST
15707 =item SUGGESTED ADDITIONS
15713 =head2 List::Utilib::List::Util, List::Util - A selection of
15714 general-utility list subroutines
15722 first BLOCK LIST, max LIST, maxstr LIST, min LIST, minstr LIST, reduce
15723 BLOCK LIST, shuffle LIST, sum LIST
15727 =item SUGGESTED ADDITIONS
15733 =head2 List::Utilib::Scalar::Util, Scalar::Util - A selection of
15734 general-utility scalar subroutines
15742 blessed EXPR, dualvar NUM, STRING, isvstring EXPR, isweak EXPR,
15743 looks_like_number EXPR, openhandle FH, refaddr EXPR, reftype EXPR,
15744 set_prototype CODEREF, PROTOTYPE, tainted EXPR, weaken REF
15754 =head2 Locale::Constants - constants for Locale codes
15762 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
15766 Locale::Language, Locale::Country, Locale::Script, Locale::Currency
15774 =head2 Locale::Country - ISO codes for country identification (ISO 3166)
15782 B<alpha-2>, B<alpha-3>, B<numeric>
15784 =item CONVERSION ROUTINES
15786 code2country( CODE, [ CODESET ] ), country2code( STRING, [ CODESET ] ),
15787 country_code2code( CODE, CODESET, CODESET )
15789 =item QUERY ROUTINES
15791 C<all_country_codes( [ CODESET ] )>, C<all_country_names( [ CODESET ] )>
15793 =item SEMI-PRIVATE ROUTINES
15799 =item rename_country
15807 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
15811 Locale::Language, Locale::Script, Locale::Currency, Locale::SubCountry, ISO
15812 3166-1, http://www.iso.org/iso/en/prods-services/iso3166ma/index.html,
15813 http://www.egt.ie/standards/iso3166/iso3166-1-en.html,
15814 http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/docs/app-d-1.html
15822 =head2 Locale::Currency - ISO three letter codes for currency
15823 identification (ISO 4217)
15833 =item CONVERSION ROUTINES
15835 code2currency(), currency2code()
15837 =item QUERY ROUTINES
15839 C<all_currency_codes()>, C<all_currency_names()>
15843 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
15847 Locale::Country, Locale::Script, ISO 4217:1995,
15848 http://www.bsi-global.com/iso4217currency
15856 =head2 Locale::Language - ISO two letter codes for language identification
15865 =item CONVERSION ROUTINES
15867 code2language(), language2code()
15869 =item QUERY ROUTINES
15871 C<all_language_codes()>, C<all_language_names()>
15875 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
15879 Locale::Country, Locale::Script, Locale::Currency, ISO 639:1988 (E/F),
15880 http://lcweb.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/langhome.html
15888 =head2 Locale::Maketext - framework for localization
15896 =item QUICK OVERVIEW
15902 =item Construction Methods
15904 =item The "maketext" Method
15906 $lh->fail_with I<or> $lh->fail_with(I<PARAM>), $lh->failure_handler_auto
15908 =item Utility Methods
15910 $language->quant($number, $singular), $language->quant($number, $singular,
15911 $plural), $language->quant($number, $singular, $plural, $negative),
15912 $language->numf($number), $language->sprintf($format, @items),
15913 $language->language_tag(), $language->encoding()
15915 =item Language Handle Attributes and Internals
15919 =item LANGUAGE CLASS HIERARCHIES
15921 =item ENTRIES IN EACH LEXICON
15923 =item BRACKET NOTATION
15925 =item AUTO LEXICONS
15927 =item CONTROLLING LOOKUP FAILURE
15929 =item HOW TO USE MAKETEXT
15933 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER
15939 =head2 Locale::Maketext::TPJ13 -- article about software localization
15947 =item Localization and Perl: gettext breaks, Maketext fixes
15951 =item A Localization Horror Story: It Could Happen To You
15953 =item The Linguistic View
15955 =item Breaking gettext
15957 =item Replacing gettext
15959 =item Buzzwords: Abstraction and Encapsulation
15961 =item Buzzword: Isomorphism
15963 =item Buzzword: Inheritance
15965 =item Buzzword: Concision
15967 =item The Devil in the Details
15969 =item The Proof in the Pudding: Localizing Web Sites
15977 =head2 Locale::Script - ISO codes for script identification (ISO 15924)
15985 B<alpha-2>, B<alpha-3>, B<numeric>
15989 =item SPECIAL CODES
15993 =item CONVERSION ROUTINES
15995 code2script( CODE, [ CODESET ] ), script2code( STRING, [ CODESET ] ),
15996 script_code2code( CODE, CODESET, CODESET )
15998 =item QUERY ROUTINES
16000 C<all_script_codes ( [ CODESET ] )>, C<all_script_names ( [ CODESET ] )>
16004 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
16008 Locale::Language, Locale::Currency, Locale::Country, ISO 15924,
16009 http://www.evertype.com/standards/iso15924/
16017 =head2 MIME::Base64 - Encoding and decoding of base64 strings
16025 encode_base64($str), encode_base64($str, $eol);, decode_base64($str)
16029 Premature end of base64 data, Premature padding of base64 data
16037 =head2 MIME::Base64::QuotedPrint, MIME::QuotedPrint - Encoding and decoding
16038 of quoted-printable strings
16046 encode_qp($str), encode_qp($str, $eol), decode_qp($str);
16052 =head2 MIME::QuotedPrint - Encoding and decoding of quoted-printable
16061 encode_qp($str), encode_qp($str, $eol), decode_qp($str);
16067 =head2 Math::BigFloat - Arbitrary size floating point math package
16077 =item Canonical notation
16081 =item C<mantissa()>, C<exponent()> and C<parts()>
16083 =item Accuracy vs. Precision
16087 ffround ( +$scale ), ffround ( -$scale ), ffround ( 0 ), fround ( +$scale
16088 ), fround ( -$scale ) and fround ( 0 )
16096 =item Autocreating constants
16102 =item Using Math::BigInt::Lite
16110 stringify, bstr(), bdiv, Modifying and =, bpow
16120 =head2 Math::BigInt - Arbitrary size integer math package
16128 Canonical notation, Input, Output
16152 =item is_one()/is_zero()/is_nan()/is_inf()
16154 =item is_positive()/is_negative()
16156 $x->is_positive(); # true if >= 0
16157 $x->is_negative(); # true if < 0
16159 =item is_odd()/is_even()/is_int()
16245 =item ACCURACY and PRECISION
16255 =item Rounding mode R
16257 'trunc', 'even', 'odd', '+inf', '-inf', 'zero', Precision, Accuracy
16258 (significant digits), Setting/Accessing, Creating numbers, Usage,
16259 Precedence, Overriding globals, Local settings, Rounding, Default values,
16272 =item mantissa(), exponent() and parts()
16280 =item Autocreating constants
16286 =item Alternative math libraries
16292 =item Subclassing Math::BigInt
16300 bsqrt(), div(), blog()
16306 broot() does not work, Out of Memory!, Fails to load Calc on Perl prior
16311 stringify, bstr(), bsstr() and 'cmp', int(), length, bdiv, infinity
16312 handling, Modifying and =, bpow, Overloading -$x, Mixing different object
16313 types, bsqrt(), brsft()
16323 =head2 Math::BigInt::Calc - Pure Perl module to support Math::BigInt
16335 =item WRAP YOUR OWN
16339 This program is free software; you may redistribute it and/or modify it
16341 the same terms as Perl itself.
16349 =head2 Math::BigInt::Scalar - Pure Perl module to test Math::BigInt with
16360 This program is free software; you may redistribute it and/or modify it
16362 the same terms as Perl itself.
16370 =head2 Math::BigRat - arbitrarily big rationales
16392 =item denominator()
16394 $d = $x->denominator();
16404 =item bround()/round()/bfround()
16412 =item is_positive()
16414 =item is_negative()
16434 inf handling (partial), NaN handling (partial), rounding (not implemented
16435 except for bceil/bfloor), $x ** $y where $y is not an integer
16445 =head2 Math::Complex - complex numbers and associated mathematical
16458 =item STRINGIFICATION
16462 =item CHANGED IN PERL 5.6
16468 =item ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO OR LOGARITHM OF ZERO
16470 =item ERRORS DUE TO INDIGESTIBLE ARGUMENTS
16478 =head2 Math::Trig - trigonometric functions
16486 =item TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS
16492 =item ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO
16494 =item SIMPLE (REAL) ARGUMENTS, COMPLEX RESULTS
16498 =item PLANE ANGLE CONVERSIONS
16500 =item RADIAL COORDINATE CONVERSIONS
16504 =item COORDINATE SYSTEMS
16506 =item 3-D ANGLE CONVERSIONS
16508 cartesian_to_cylindrical, cartesian_to_spherical, cylindrical_to_cartesian,
16509 cylindrical_to_spherical, spherical_to_cartesian, spherical_to_cylindrical
16513 =item GREAT CIRCLE DISTANCES AND DIRECTIONS
16519 =item CAVEAT FOR GREAT CIRCLE FORMULAS
16529 =head2 Memoize - Make functions faster by trading space for time
16547 =item C<SCALAR_CACHE>, C<LIST_CACHE>
16549 C<MEMORY>, C<HASH>, C<TIE>, C<FAULT>, C<MERGE>
16553 =item OTHER FACILITIES
16559 =item C<flush_cache>
16565 =item PERSISTENT CACHE SUPPORT
16567 =item EXPIRATION SUPPORT
16575 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
16581 =head2 Memoize::AnyDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for AnyDBM_File for
16590 =head2 Memoize::Expire - Plug-in module for automatic expiration of
16601 TIEHASH, EXISTS, STORE
16613 =head2 Memoize::ExpireFile - test for Memoize expiration semantics
16621 =head2 Memoize::ExpireTest - test for Memoize expiration semantics
16629 =head2 Memoize::NDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for NDBM_File for
16638 =head2 Memoize::SDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for SDBM_File for
16647 =head2 Memoize::Storable - store Memoized data in Storable database
16655 =head2 NDBM_File - Tied access to ndbm files
16663 C<O_RDONLY>, C<O_WRONLY>, C<O_RDWR>
16669 =item C<ndbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...>
16673 =item BUGS AND WARNINGS
16677 =head2 NEXT - Provide a pseudo-class NEXT that allows method redispatch
16687 =item Enforcing redispatch
16689 =item Avoiding repetitions
16695 =item BUGS AND IRRITATIONS
16701 =head2 Net::Cmd - Network Command class (as used by FTP, SMTP etc)
16711 debug ( VALUE ), message (), code (), ok (), status (), datasend ( DATA ),
16714 =item CLASS METHODS
16716 debug_print ( DIR, TEXT ), debug_text ( TEXT ), command ( CMD [, ARGS, ...
16717 ]), unsupported (), response (), parse_response ( TEXT ), getline (),
16718 ungetline ( TEXT ), rawdatasend ( DATA ), read_until_dot (), tied_fh ()
16728 =head2 Net::Config - Local configuration data for libnet
16738 requires_firewall HOST
16740 =item NetConfig VALUES
16742 nntp_hosts, snpp_hosts, pop3_hosts, smtp_hosts, ph_hosts, daytime_hosts,
16743 time_hosts, inet_domain, ftp_firewall, ftp_firewall_type, ftp_ext_passive,
16744 ftp_int_pasive, local_netmask, test_hosts, test_exists
16748 =head2 Net::Domain - Attempt to evaluate the current host's internet name
16757 hostfqdn (), hostname (), hostdomain ()
16765 =head2 Net::FTP - FTP Client class
16777 new (HOST [,OPTIONS])
16781 login ([LOGIN [,PASSWORD [, ACCOUNT] ] ]), authorize ( [AUTH [, RESP]]),
16782 site (ARGS), type (TYPE [, ARGS]), ascii ([ARGS]) binary([ARGS])
16783 ebcdic([ARGS]) byte([ARGS]), rename ( OLDNAME, NEWNAME ), delete ( FILENAME
16784 ), cwd ( [ DIR ] ), cdup (), pwd (), restart ( WHERE ), rmdir ( DIR ),
16785 mkdir ( DIR [, RECURSE ]), ls ( [ DIR ] ), alloc ( SIZE [, RECORD_SIZE] ),
16786 dir ( [ DIR ] ), get ( REMOTE_FILE [, LOCAL_FILE [, WHERE]] ), put (
16787 LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] ), put_unique ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] ),
16788 append ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] ), unique_name (), mdtm ( FILE ), size
16789 ( FILE ), supported ( CMD ), hash ( [FILEHANDLE_GLOB_REF],[
16790 BYTES_PER_HASH_MARK] ), nlst ( [ DIR ] ), list ( [ DIR ] ), retr ( FILE ),
16791 stor ( FILE ), stou ( FILE ), appe ( FILE ), port ( [ PORT ] ), pasv (),
16792 pasv_xfer ( SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER [, DEST_FILE ] ), pasv_xfer_unique (
16793 SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER [, DEST_FILE ] ), pasv_wait ( NON_PASV_SERVER ),
16798 =item Methods for the adventurous
16804 =item THE dataconn CLASS
16806 read ( BUFFER, SIZE [, TIMEOUT ] ), write ( BUFFER, SIZE [, TIMEOUT ] ),
16807 bytes_read (), abort (), close ()
16809 =item UNIMPLEMENTED
16811 B<SMNT>, B<HELP>, B<MODE>, B<SYST>, B<STAT>, B<STRU>, B<REIN>
16813 =item REPORTING BUGS
16821 http://www.csh.rit.edu/~adam/Progs/autoftp-2.0.tar.gz
16829 =head2 Net::NNTP - NNTP Client class
16839 new ( [ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ])
16843 article ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), body ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), head (
16844 [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), articlefh ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), bodyfh ( [
16845 MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), headfh ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), nntpstat ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ]
16846 ), group ( [ GROUP ] ), ihave ( MSGID [, MESSAGE ]), last (), date (),
16847 postok (), authinfo ( USER, PASS ), list (), newgroups ( SINCE [,
16848 DISTRIBUTIONS ]), newnews ( SINCE [, GROUPS [, DISTRIBUTIONS ]]), next (),
16849 post ( [ MESSAGE ] ), postfh (), slave (), quit ()
16853 =item Extension methods
16855 newsgroups ( [ PATTERN ] ), distributions (), subscriptions (),
16856 overview_fmt (), active_times (), active ( [ PATTERN ] ), xgtitle ( PATTERN
16857 ), xhdr ( HEADER, MESSAGE-SPEC ), xover ( MESSAGE-SPEC ), xpath (
16858 MESSAGE-ID ), xpat ( HEADER, PATTERN, MESSAGE-SPEC), xrover, listgroup ( [
16867 MESSAGE-SPEC, PATTERN, Examples, C<[^]-]>, C<*bdc>, C<[0-9a-zA-Z]>, C<a??d>
16877 =head2 Net::POP3 - Post Office Protocol 3 Client class (RFC1939)
16887 new ( [ HOST, ] [ OPTIONS ] )
16891 user ( USER ), pass ( PASS ), login ( [ USER [, PASS ]] ), apop ( [ USER [,
16892 PASS ]] ), top ( MSGNUM [, NUMLINES ] ), list ( [ MSGNUM ] ), get ( MSGNUM
16893 [, FH ] ), getfh ( MSGNUM ), last (), popstat (), ping ( USER ), uidl ( [
16894 MSGNUM ] ), delete ( MSGNUM ), reset (), quit ()
16906 =head2 Net::Ping - check a remote host for reachability
16918 Net::Ping->new([$proto [, $def_timeout [, $bytes [, $device [, $tos
16919 ]]]]]);, $p->ping($host [, $timeout]);, $p->source_verify( { 0 | 1 } );,
16920 $p->service_check( { 0 | 1 } );, $p->tcp_service_check( { 0 | 1 } );,
16921 $p->hires( { 0 | 1 } );, $p->bind($local_addr);, $p->open($host);, $p->ack(
16922 [ $host ] );, $p->nack( $failed_ack_host );, $p->close();, pingecho($host
16939 =head2 Net::SMTP - Simple Mail Transfer Protocol Client
16951 new Net::SMTP [ HOST, ] [ OPTIONS ]
16955 banner (), domain (), hello ( DOMAIN ), etrn ( DOMAIN ), auth ( USERNAME,
16956 PASSWORD ), mail ( ADDRESS [, OPTIONS] ), send ( ADDRESS ), send_or_mail (
16957 ADDRESS ), send_and_mail ( ADDRESS ), reset (), recipient ( ADDRESS [,
16958 ADDRESS [ ...]] [, OPTIONS ] ), to ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), cc (
16959 ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), bcc ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), data ( [
16960 DATA ] ), expand ( ADDRESS ), verify ( ADDRESS ), help ( [ $subject ] ),
16973 =head2 Net::Time - time and daytime network client interface
16981 inet_time ( [HOST [, PROTOCOL [, TIMEOUT]]]), inet_daytime ( [HOST [,
16982 PROTOCOL [, TIMEOUT]]])
16990 =head2 Net::hostent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gethost*()
17007 =head2 Net::libnetFAQ, libnetFAQ - libnet Frequently Asked Questions
17015 =item Where to get this document
17017 =item How to contribute to this document
17021 =item Author and Copyright Information
17029 =item Obtaining and installing libnet
17033 =item What is libnet ?
17035 =item Which version of perl do I need ?
17037 =item What other modules do I need ?
17039 =item What machines support libnet ?
17041 =item Where can I get the latest libnet release
17045 =item Using Net::FTP
17049 =item How do I download files from an FTP server ?
17051 =item How do I transfer files in binary mode ?
17053 =item How can I get the size of a file on a remote FTP server ?
17055 =item How can I get the modification time of a file on a remote FTP server
17058 =item How can I change the permissions of a file on a remote server ?
17060 =item Can I do a reget operation like the ftp command ?
17062 =item How do I get a directory listing from an FTP server ?
17064 =item Changing directory to "" does not fail ?
17066 =item I am behind a SOCKS firewall, but the Firewall option does not work ?
17068 =item I am behind an FTP proxy firewall, but cannot access machines outside
17071 =item My ftp proxy firewall does not listen on port 21
17073 =item Is it possible to change the file permissions of a file on an FTP
17076 =item I have seen scripts call a method message, but cannot find it
17079 =item Why does Net::FTP not implement mput and mget methods
17083 =item Using Net::SMTP
17087 =item Why can't the part of an Email address after the @ be used as the
17090 =item Why does Net::SMTP not do DNS MX lookups ?
17092 =item The verify method always returns true ?
17096 =item Debugging scripts
17100 =item How can I debug my scripts that use Net::* modules ?
17104 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
17108 =head2 Net::netent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getnet*()
17125 =head2 Net::protoent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getproto*()
17140 =head2 Net::servent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getserv*()
17157 =head2 Netrc, Net::Netrc - OO interface to users netrc file
17165 =item THE .netrc FILE
17167 machine name, default, login name, password string, account string, macdef
17172 lookup ( MACHINE [, LOGIN ])
17176 login (), password (), account (), lpa ()
17186 =head2 O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends
17196 =item IMPLEMENTATION
17204 =head2 ODBM_File - Tied access to odbm files
17212 C<O_RDONLY>, C<O_WRONLY>, C<O_RDWR>
17218 =item C<odbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...>
17222 =item BUGS AND WARNINGS
17226 =head2 Opcode - Disable named opcodes when compiling perl code
17238 =item Operator Names and Operator Lists
17240 an operator name (opname), an operator tag name (optag), a negated opname
17241 or optag, an operator set (opset)
17243 =item Opcode Functions
17245 opcodes, opset (OP, ...), opset_to_ops (OPSET), opset_to_hex (OPSET),
17246 full_opset, empty_opset, invert_opset (OPSET), verify_opset (OPSET, ...),
17247 define_optag (OPTAG, OPSET), opmask_add (OPSET), opmask, opdesc (OP, ...),
17250 =item Manipulating Opsets
17252 =item TO DO (maybe)
17258 =item Predefined Opcode Tags
17260 :base_core, :base_mem, :base_loop, :base_io, :base_orig, :base_math,
17261 :base_thread, :default, :filesys_read, :sys_db, :browse, :filesys_open,
17262 :filesys_write, :subprocess, :ownprocess, :others, :still_to_be_decided,
17271 =head2 Opcode::Safe, Safe - Compile and execute code in restricted
17280 a new namespace, an operator mask
17286 =item RECENT CHANGES
17288 =item Methods in class Safe
17290 permit (OP, ...), permit_only (OP, ...), deny (OP, ...), deny_only (OP,
17291 ...), trap (OP, ...), untrap (OP, ...), share (NAME, ...), share_from
17292 (PACKAGE, ARRAYREF), varglob (VARNAME), reval (STRING), rdo (FILENAME),
17293 root (NAMESPACE), mask (MASK)
17295 =item Some Safety Issues
17297 Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes
17305 =head2 Opcode::ops, ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when
17318 =head2 POSIX - Perl interface to IEEE Std 1003.1
17332 _exit, abort, abs, access, acos, alarm, asctime, asin, assert, atan, atan2,
17333 atexit, atof, atoi, atol, bsearch, calloc, ceil, chdir, chmod, chown,
17334 clearerr, clock, close, closedir, cos, cosh, creat, ctermid, ctime,
17335 cuserid, difftime, div, dup, dup2, errno, execl, execle, execlp, execv,
17336 execve, execvp, exit, exp, fabs, fclose, fcntl, fdopen, feof, ferror,
17337 fflush, fgetc, fgetpos, fgets, fileno, floor, fmod, fopen, fork, fpathconf,
17338 fprintf, fputc, fputs, fread, free, freopen, frexp, fscanf, fseek, fsetpos,
17339 fstat, fsync, ftell, fwrite, getc, getchar, getcwd, getegid, getenv,
17340 geteuid, getgid, getgrgid, getgrnam, getgroups, getlogin, getpgrp, getpid,
17341 getppid, getpwnam, getpwuid, gets, getuid, gmtime, isalnum, isalpha,
17342 isatty, iscntrl, isdigit, isgraph, islower, isprint, ispunct, isspace,
17343 isupper, isxdigit, kill, labs, ldexp, ldiv, link, localeconv, localtime,
17344 log, log10, longjmp, lseek, malloc, mblen, mbstowcs, mbtowc, memchr,
17345 memcmp, memcpy, memmove, memset, mkdir, mkfifo, mktime, modf, nice,
17346 offsetof, open, opendir, pathconf, pause, perror, pipe, pow, printf, putc,
17347 putchar, puts, qsort, raise, rand, read, readdir, realloc, remove, rename,
17348 rewind, rewinddir, rmdir, scanf, setgid, setjmp, setlocale, setpgid,
17349 setsid, setuid, sigaction, siglongjmp, sigpending, sigprocmask, sigsetjmp,
17350 sigsuspend, sin, sinh, sleep, sprintf, sqrt, srand, sscanf, stat, strcat,
17351 strchr, strcmp, strcoll, strcpy, strcspn, strerror, strftime, strlen,
17352 strncat, strncmp, strncpy, strpbrk, strrchr, strspn, strstr, strtod,
17353 strtok, strtol, strtoul, strxfrm, sysconf, system, tan, tanh, tcdrain,
17354 tcflow, tcflush, tcgetpgrp, tcsendbreak, tcsetpgrp, time, times, tmpfile,
17355 tmpnam, tolower, toupper, ttyname, tzname, tzset, umask, uname, ungetc,
17356 unlink, utime, vfprintf, vprintf, vsprintf, wait, waitpid, wcstombs,
17363 =item POSIX::SigAction
17365 new, handler, mask, flags, safe
17367 =item POSIX::SigSet
17369 new, addset, delset, emptyset, fillset, ismember
17371 =item POSIX::Termios
17373 new, getattr, getcc, getcflag, getiflag, getispeed, getlflag, getoflag,
17374 getospeed, setattr, setcc, setcflag, setiflag, setispeed, setlflag,
17375 setoflag, setospeed, Baud rate values, Terminal interface values, c_cc
17376 field values, c_cflag field values, c_iflag field values, c_lflag field
17377 values, c_oflag field values
17381 =item PATHNAME CONSTANTS
17385 =item POSIX CONSTANTS
17389 =item SYSTEM CONFIGURATION
17443 Constants, WNOHANG, WUNTRACED, Macros, WIFEXITED, WEXITSTATUS, WIFSIGNALED,
17444 WTERMSIG, WIFSTOPPED, WSTOPSIG
17448 =head2 PerlIO - On demand loader for PerlIO layers and root of PerlIO::*
17457 unix, stdio, perlio, crlf, utf8, bytes, raw, pop
17461 =item Custom Layers
17465 =item Alternatives to raw
17467 =item Defaults and how to override them
17469 =item Querying the layers of filehandle
17479 =head2 PerlIO::encoding - encoding layer
17491 =head2 PerlIO::scalar - support module for in-memory IO.
17501 =head2 PerlIO::via - Helper class for PerlIO layers implemented in perl
17509 =item EXPECTED METHODS
17511 $class->PUSHED([$mode[,$fh]]), $obj->POPPED([$fh]),
17512 $obj->OPEN($path,$mode[,$fh]), $obj->BINMODE([,$fh]),
17513 $obj->FDOPEN($fd[,$fh]), $obj->SYSOPEN($path,$imode,$perm,[,$fh]),
17514 $obj->FILENO($fh), $obj->READ($buffer,$len,$fh), $obj->WRITE($buffer,$fh),
17515 $obj->FILL($fh), $obj->CLOSE($fh), $obj->SEEK($posn,$whence,$fh),
17516 $obj->TELL($fh), $obj->UNREAD($buffer,$fh), $obj->FLUSH($fh),
17517 $obj->SETLINEBUF($fh), $obj->CLEARERR($fh), $obj->ERROR($fh),
17524 =item Example - a Hexadecimal Handle
17530 =head2 PerlIO::via::QuotedPrint - PerlIO layer for quoted-printable strings
17544 =head2 Pod::Checker, podchecker() - check pod documents for syntax errors
17550 =item OPTIONS/ARGUMENTS
17556 B<-warnings> =E<gt> I<val>
17568 empty =headn, =over on line I<N> without closing =back, =item without
17569 previous =over, =back without previous =over, No argument for =begin, =end
17570 without =begin, Nested =begin's, =for without formatter specification,
17571 unresolved internal link I<NAME>, Unknown command "I<CMD>", Unknown
17572 interior-sequence "I<SEQ>", nested commands
17573 I<CMD>E<lt>...I<CMD>E<lt>...E<gt>...E<gt>, garbled entity I<STRING>, Entity
17574 number out of range, malformed link LE<lt>E<gt>, nonempty ZE<lt>E<gt>,
17575 empty XE<lt>E<gt>, Spurious text after =pod / =cut, Spurious character(s)
17580 multiple occurrence of link target I<name>, line containing nothing but
17581 whitespace in paragraph, file does not start with =head, previous =item has
17582 no contents, preceding non-item paragraph(s), =item type mismatch (I<one>
17583 vs. I<two>), I<N> unescaped C<E<lt>E<gt>> in paragraph, Unknown entity, No
17584 items in =over, No argument for =item, empty section in previous paragraph,
17585 Verbatim paragraph in NAME section, =headI<n> without preceding higher
17590 ignoring leading/trailing whitespace in link, (section) in '$page'
17591 deprecated, alternative text/node '%s' contains non-escaped | or /
17603 C<Pod::Checker-E<gt>new( %options )>
17605 C<$checker-E<gt>poderror( @args )>, C<$checker-E<gt>poderror( {%opts},
17608 C<$checker-E<gt>num_errors()>
17610 C<$checker-E<gt>num_warnings()>
17612 C<$checker-E<gt>name()>
17614 C<$checker-E<gt>node()>
17616 C<$checker-E<gt>idx()>
17618 C<$checker-E<gt>hyperlink()>
17626 =head2 Pod::Find - find POD documents in directory trees
17638 =item C<pod_find( { %opts } , @directories )>
17640 C<-verbose =E<gt> 1>, C<-perl =E<gt> 1>, C<-script =E<gt> 1>, C<-inc =E<gt>
17647 =item C<simplify_name( $str )>
17653 =item C<pod_where( { %opts }, $pod )>
17655 C<-inc =E<gt> 1>, C<-dirs =E<gt> [ $dir1, $dir2, ... ]>, C<-verbose =E<gt>
17662 =item C<contains_pod( $file , $verbose )>
17674 =head2 Pod::Html - module to convert pod files to HTML
17684 backlink, cachedir, css, flush, header, help, htmldir, htmlroot, index,
17685 infile, libpods, netscape, outfile, podpath, podroot, quiet, recurse,
17700 =head2 Pod::InputObjects - objects representing POD input paragraphs,
17713 package B<Pod::InputSource>, package B<Pod::Paragraph>, package
17714 B<Pod::InteriorSequence>, package B<Pod::ParseTree>
17720 =item B<Pod::InputSource>
17744 =item B<was_cutting()>
17750 =item B<Pod::Paragraph>
17756 =item Pod::Paragraph-E<gt>B<new()>
17762 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<cmd_name()>
17768 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<text()>
17774 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<raw_text()>
17780 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<cmd_prefix()>
17786 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<cmd_separator()>
17792 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<parse_tree()>
17798 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<file_line()>
17804 =item B<Pod::InteriorSequence>
17810 =item Pod::InteriorSequence-E<gt>B<new()>
17816 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<cmd_name()>
17822 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<prepend()>
17828 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<append()>
17834 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<nested()>
17840 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<raw_text()>
17846 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<left_delimiter()>
17852 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<right_delimiter()>
17858 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<parse_tree()>
17864 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<file_line()>
17870 =item Pod::InteriorSequence::B<DESTROY()>
17876 =item B<Pod::ParseTree>
17882 =item Pod::ParseTree-E<gt>B<new()>
17888 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<top()>
17894 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<children()>
17900 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<prepend()>
17906 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<append()>
17912 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<raw_text()>
17918 =item Pod::ParseTree::B<DESTROY()>
17930 =head2 Pod::LaTeX - Convert Pod data to formatted Latex
17942 =item OBJECT METHODS
17950 =item Data Accessors
17966 B<ReplaceNAMEwithSection>
17968 B<StartWithNewPage>
17982 =item Subclassed methods
17996 B<interior_sequence>
18012 =item Methods for headings
18020 =item Internal methods
18026 B<_replace_special_chars>
18028 B<_replace_special_chars_late>
18034 B<_clean_latex_commands>
18036 B<_split_delimited>
18052 =head2 Pod::Man - Convert POD data to formatted *roff input
18060 center, date, fixed, fixedbold, fixeditalic, fixedbolditalic, name, quotes,
18065 roff font should be 1 or 2 chars, not "%s", Invalid link %s, Invalid quote
18066 specification "%s", %s:%d: Unknown command paragraph "%s", %s:%d: Unknown
18067 escape EE<lt>%sE<gt>, %s:%d: Unknown formatting code %s, %s:%d: Unmatched
18078 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
18082 =head2 Pod::ParseLink - Parse an LE<lt>E<gt> formatting code in POD text
18094 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
18098 =head2 Pod::ParseUtils - helpers for POD parsing and conversion
18112 Pod::List-E<gt>new()
18120 $list-E<gt>indent()
18128 $list-E<gt>parent()
18134 =item Pod::Hyperlink
18136 Pod::Hyperlink-E<gt>new()
18140 $link-E<gt>parse($string)
18142 $link-E<gt>markup($string)
18146 $link-E<gt>warning()
18148 $link-E<gt>file(), $link-E<gt>line()
18154 $link-E<gt>alttext()
18164 Pod::Cache-E<gt>new()
18170 $cache-E<gt>find_page($name)
18174 =item Pod::Cache::Item
18176 Pod::Cache::Item-E<gt>new()
18180 $cacheitem-E<gt>page()
18182 $cacheitem-E<gt>description()
18184 $cacheitem-E<gt>path()
18186 $cacheitem-E<gt>file()
18188 $cacheitem-E<gt>nodes()
18190 $cacheitem-E<gt>find_node($name)
18192 $cacheitem-E<gt>idx()
18202 =head2 Pod::Parser - base class for creating POD filters and translators
18214 =item QUICK OVERVIEW
18216 =item PARSING OPTIONS
18218 B<-want_nonPODs> (default: unset), B<-process_cut_cmd> (default: unset),
18219 B<-warnings> (default: unset)
18225 =item RECOMMENDED SUBROUTINE/METHOD OVERRIDES
18233 C<$cmd>, C<$text>, C<$line_num>, C<$pod_para>
18239 =item B<verbatim()>
18241 C<$text>, C<$line_num>, C<$pod_para>
18247 =item B<textblock()>
18249 C<$text>, C<$line_num>, C<$pod_para>
18255 =item B<interior_sequence()>
18261 =item OPTIONAL SUBROUTINE/METHOD OVERRIDES
18273 =item B<initialize()>
18279 =item B<begin_pod()>
18285 =item B<begin_input()>
18291 =item B<end_input()>
18303 =item B<preprocess_line()>
18309 =item B<preprocess_paragraph()>
18315 =item METHODS FOR PARSING AND PROCESSING
18321 =item B<parse_text()>
18323 B<-expand_seq> =E<gt> I<code-ref>|I<method-name>, B<-expand_text> =E<gt>
18324 I<code-ref>|I<method-name>, B<-expand_ptree> =E<gt>
18325 I<code-ref>|I<method-name>
18331 =item B<interpolate()>
18337 =item B<parse_paragraph()>
18343 =item B<parse_from_filehandle()>
18349 =item B<parse_from_file()>
18355 =item ACCESSOR METHODS
18361 =item B<errorsub()>
18373 =item B<parseopts()>
18379 =item B<output_file()>
18385 =item B<output_handle()>
18391 =item B<input_file()>
18397 =item B<input_handle()>
18403 =item B<input_streams()>
18409 =item B<top_stream()>
18415 =item PRIVATE METHODS AND DATA
18421 =item B<_push_input_stream()>
18427 =item B<_pop_input_stream()>
18433 =item TREE-BASED PARSING
18441 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToChecker - let Perldoc check Pod for errors
18451 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
18457 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToMan - let Perldoc render Pod as man pages
18469 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
18475 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToNroff - let Perldoc convert Pod to nroff
18487 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
18493 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToPod - let Perldoc render Pod as ... Pod!
18503 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
18509 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToRtf - let Perldoc render Pod as RTF
18519 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
18525 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToText - let Perldoc render Pod as plaintext
18537 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
18543 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToTk - let Perldoc use Tk::Pod to render Pod
18557 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToXml - let Perldoc render Pod as XML
18567 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
18573 =head2 Pod::PlainText - Convert POD data to formatted ASCII text
18581 alt, indent, loose, sentence, width
18585 Bizarre space in item, Can't open %s for reading: %s, Unknown escape: %s,
18586 Unknown sequence: %s, Unmatched =back
18598 =head2 Pod::Plainer - Perl extension for converting Pod to old style Pod.
18618 =head2 Pod::Select, podselect() - extract selected sections of POD from
18631 =item SECTION SPECIFICATIONS
18633 =item RANGE SPECIFICATIONS
18639 =item OBJECT METHODS
18645 =item B<curr_headings()>
18657 =item B<add_selection()>
18663 =item B<clear_selections()>
18669 =item B<match_section()>
18675 =item B<is_selected()>
18681 =item EXPORTED FUNCTIONS
18687 =item B<podselect()>
18689 B<-output>, B<-sections>, B<-ranges>
18695 =item PRIVATE METHODS AND DATA
18701 =item B<_compile_section_spec()>
18707 =item $self->{_SECTION_HEADINGS}
18713 =item $self->{_SELECTED_SECTIONS}
18725 =head2 Pod::Text - Convert POD data to formatted ASCII text
18733 alt, code, indent, loose, margin, quotes, sentence, width
18737 Bizarre space in item, Item called without tag, Can't open %s for reading:
18738 %s, Invalid quote specification "%s", %s:%d: Unknown command paragraph: %s,
18739 %s:%d: Unknown escape: %s, %s:%d: Unknown formatting code: %s, %s:%d:
18750 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
18754 =head2 Pod::Text::Color - Convert POD data to formatted color ASCII text
18768 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
18772 =head2 Pod::Text::Overstrike - Convert POD data to formatted overstrike
18787 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
18791 =head2 Pod::Text::Termcap - Convert POD data to ASCII text with format
18806 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
18810 =head2 Pod::Usage, pod2usage() - print a usage message from embedded pod
18819 C<-message>, C<-msg>, C<-exitval>, C<-verbose>, C<-output>, C<-input>,
18828 =item Recommended Use
18836 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
18840 =head2 SDBM_File - Tied access to sdbm files
18848 C<O_RDONLY>, C<O_WRONLY>, C<O_RDWR>
18854 =item C<sdbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...>
18858 =item BUGS AND WARNINGS
18862 =head2 Safe - Compile and execute code in restricted compartments
18870 a new namespace, an operator mask
18876 =item RECENT CHANGES
18878 =item Methods in class Safe
18880 permit (OP, ...), permit_only (OP, ...), deny (OP, ...), deny_only (OP,
18881 ...), trap (OP, ...), untrap (OP, ...), share (NAME, ...), share_from
18882 (PACKAGE, ARRAYREF), varglob (VARNAME), reval (STRING), rdo (FILENAME),
18883 root (NAMESPACE), mask (MASK)
18885 =item Some Safety Issues
18887 Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes
18895 =head2 Scalar::Util - A selection of general-utility scalar subroutines
18903 blessed EXPR, dualvar NUM, STRING, isvstring EXPR, isweak EXPR,
18904 looks_like_number EXPR, openhandle FH, refaddr EXPR, reftype EXPR,
18905 set_prototype CODEREF, PROTOTYPE, tainted EXPR, weaken REF
18915 =head2 Search::Dict, look - search for key in dictionary file
18925 =head2 SelectSaver - save and restore selected file handle
18935 =head2 SelfLoader - load functions only on demand
18945 =item The __DATA__ token
18947 =item SelfLoader autoloading
18949 =item Autoloading and package lexicals
18951 =item SelfLoader and AutoLoader
18953 =item __DATA__, __END__, and the FOOBAR::DATA filehandle.
18955 =item Classes and inherited methods.
18959 =item Multiple packages and fully qualified subroutine names
18963 =head2 Shell - run shell commands transparently within perl
18973 =item OBJECT ORIENTED SYNTAX
18981 =head2 Socket, sockaddr_in, sockaddr_un, inet_aton, inet_ntoa - load the C
18982 socket.h defines and structure manipulators
18990 inet_aton HOSTNAME, inet_ntoa IP_ADDRESS, INADDR_ANY, INADDR_BROADCAST,
18991 INADDR_LOOPBACK, INADDR_NONE, sockaddr_family SOCKADDR, sockaddr_in PORT,
18992 ADDRESS, sockaddr_in SOCKADDR_IN, pack_sockaddr_in PORT, IP_ADDRESS,
18993 unpack_sockaddr_in SOCKADDR_IN, sockaddr_un PATHNAME, sockaddr_un
18994 SOCKADDR_UN, pack_sockaddr_un PATH, unpack_sockaddr_un SOCKADDR_UN
18998 =head2 Storable - persistence for Perl data structures
19008 =item ADVISORY LOCKING
19012 =item CANONICAL REPRESENTATION
19014 =item CODE REFERENCES
19016 =item FORWARD COMPATIBILITY
19018 utf8 data, restricted hashes, files from future versions of Storable
19020 =item ERROR REPORTING
19028 C<STORABLE_freeze> I<obj>, I<cloning>, C<STORABLE_thaw> I<obj>, I<cloning>,
19033 C<Storable::last_op_in_netorder>, C<Storable::is_storing>,
19034 C<Storable::is_retrieving>
19042 =item Storable magic
19052 =item 64 bit data in perl 5.6.0 and 5.6.1
19064 =head2 Switch - A switch statement for Perl
19078 =item Allowing fall-through
19080 =item Automating fall-through
19082 =item Alternative syntax
19084 =item Higher-order Operations
19100 =head2 Symbol - manipulate Perl symbols and their names
19110 =head2 Sys::Hostname - Try every conceivable way to get hostname
19122 =head2 Syslog, Sys::Syslog, openlog, closelog, setlogmask, syslog - Perl
19123 interface to the UNIX syslog(3) calls
19131 openlog $ident, $logopt, $facility, syslog $priority, $format, @args,
19132 setlogmask $mask_priority, setlogsock $sock_type [$stream_location] (added
19133 in 5.004_02), closelog
19143 =head2 Syslog::Syslog, Sys::Syslog, openlog, closelog, setlogmask, syslog -
19144 Perl interface to the UNIX syslog(3) calls
19152 openlog $ident, $logopt, $facility, syslog $priority, $format, @args,
19153 setlogmask $mask_priority, setlogsock $sock_type [$stream_location] (added
19154 in 5.004_02), closelog
19164 =head2 Term::ANSIColor - Color screen output using ANSI escape sequences
19174 Bad escape sequence %s, Bareword "%s" not allowed while "strict subs" in
19175 use, Invalid attribute name %s, Name "%s" used only once: possible typo, No
19176 comma allowed after filehandle, No name for escape sequence %s
19180 ANSI_COLORS_DISABLED
19190 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
19194 =head2 Term::Cap - Perl termcap interface
19210 B<Tgetent>, OSPEED, TERM
19212 B<Tpad>, B<$string>, B<$cnt>, B<$FH>
19214 B<Tputs>, B<$cap>, B<$cnt>, B<$FH>
19216 B<Tgoto>, B<$cap>, B<$col>, B<$row>, B<$FH>
19224 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
19232 =head2 Term::Complete - Perl word completion module
19240 E<lt>tabE<gt>, ^D, ^U, E<lt>delE<gt>, E<lt>bsE<gt>
19250 =head2 Term::ReadLine - Perl interface to various C<readline> packages.
19251 If no real package is found, substitutes stubs instead of basic functions.
19259 =item Minimal set of supported functions
19261 C<ReadLine>, C<new>, C<readline>, C<addhistory>, C<IN>, C<OUT>, C<MinLine>,
19262 C<findConsole>, Attribs, C<Features>
19264 =item Additional supported functions
19266 C<tkRunning>, C<ornaments>, C<newTTY>
19276 =head2 Test - provides a simple framework for writing test scripts
19284 =item QUICK START GUIDE
19290 C<plan(...)>, C<tests =E<gt> I<number>>, C<todo =E<gt> [I<1,5,14>]>,
19291 C<onfail =E<gt> sub { ... }>, C<onfail =E<gt> \&some_sub>
19301 C<skip(I<skip_if_true>, I<args...>)>
19307 NORMAL TESTS, SKIPPED TESTS, TODO TESTS
19311 =item BUGS and CAVEATS
19321 =head2 Test::Builder - Backend for building test libraries
19341 =item Setting up tests
19359 =item Running tests
19365 B<is_eq>, B<is_num>
19367 B<isnt_eq>, B<isnt_num>
19393 B<no_header>, B<no_ending>
19405 B<output>, B<failure_output>, B<todo_output>
19409 =item Test Status and Info
19443 =head2 Test::Harness - run perl standard test scripts with statistics
19453 =item The test script output
19455 B<'1..M'>, B<'ok', 'not ok'. Ok?>, B<test numbers>, B<test names>,
19456 B<Skipping tests>, B<Todo tests>, B<Bail out!>, B<Comments>, B<Anything
19461 =item Configuration variables.
19463 B<$Test::Harness::verbose>, B<$Test::Harness::switches>
19467 B<Failed Test>, B<Stat>, B<Wstat>, B<Total>, B<Fail>, B<Failed>, B<List of
19494 C<All tests successful.\nFiles=%d, Tests=%d, %s>, C<FAILED tests
19495 %s\n\tFailed %d/%d tests, %.2f%% okay.>, C<Test returned status %d (wstat
19496 %d)>, C<Failed 1 test, %.2f%% okay. %s>, C<Failed %d/%d tests, %.2f%% okay.
19497 %s>, C<FAILED--Further testing stopped: %s>
19501 C<HARNESS_ACTIVE>, C<HARNESS_COLUMNS>, C<HARNESS_COMPILE_TEST>,
19502 C<HARNESS_FILELEAK_IN_DIR>, C<HARNESS_IGNORE_EXITCODE>, C<HARNESS_NOTTY>,
19503 C<HARNESS_OK_SLOW>, C<HARNESS_PERL_SWITCHES>, C<HARNESS_VERBOSE>
19519 =head2 Test::Harness::Assert - simple assert
19545 =head2 Test::Harness::Iterator - Internal Test::Harness Iterator
19555 =head2 Test::Harness::Straps - detailed analysis of test results
19593 B<_restore_PERL5LIB>
19609 B<_reset_file_state>
19629 =head2 Test::More - yet another framework for writing test scripts
19639 =item I love it when a plan comes together
19649 =item I'm ok, you're not ok.
19689 =item Conditional tests
19695 B<TODO: BLOCK>, B<todo_skip>
19697 When do I use SKIP vs. TODO?
19701 =item Comparison functions
19715 =item Extending and Embedding Test::More
19725 =item BUGS and CAVEATS
19727 Making your own ok(), The eq_* family has some caveats, Test::Harness
19740 =head2 Test::Simple - Basic utilities for writing tests.
19764 L<Test::More>, L<Test>, L<Test::Unit>, L<Test::Inline>, L<SelfTest>,
19773 =head2 Test::Tutorial - A tutorial about writing really basic tests
19781 =item Nuts and bolts of testing.
19783 =item Where to start?
19787 =item Test the manual
19789 =item Sometimes the tests are wrong
19791 =item Testing lots of values
19793 =item Informative names
19795 =item Skipping tests
19799 =item Testing with taint mode.
19811 =head2 Text::Abbrev, abbrev - create an abbreviation table from a list
19823 =head2 Text::Balanced - Extract delimited text sequences from strings.
19833 =item General behaviour in list contexts
19837 =item General behaviour in scalar and void contexts
19839 =item A note about prefixes
19841 =item C<extract_delimited>
19843 =item C<extract_bracketed>
19845 =item C<extract_variable>
19849 =item C<extract_tagged>
19851 C<reject =E<gt> $listref>, C<ignore =E<gt> $listref>, C<fail =E<gt> $str>,
19852 [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5]
19854 =item C<gen_extract_tagged>
19856 =item C<extract_quotelike>
19858 [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [10]
19860 =item C<extract_quotelike> and "here documents"
19862 [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7..10]
19864 =item C<extract_codeblock>
19866 =item C<extract_multiple>
19868 =item C<gen_delimited_pat>
19874 C<Did not find a suitable bracket: "%s">, C<Did not find prefix: /%s/>,
19875 C<Did not find opening bracket after prefix: "%s">, C<No quotelike
19876 operator found after prefix: "%s">, C<Unmatched closing bracket: "%c">,
19877 C<Unmatched opening bracket(s): "%s">, C<Unmatched embedded quote (%s)>,
19878 C<Did not find closing delimiter to match '%s'>, C<Mismatched closing
19879 bracket: expected "%c" but found "%s">, C<No block delimiter found after
19880 quotelike "%s">, C<Did not find leading dereferencer>, C<Bad identifier
19881 after dereferencer>, C<Did not find expected opening bracket at %s>,
19882 C<Improperly nested codeblock at %s>, C<Missing second block for quotelike
19883 "%s">, C<No match found for opening bracket>, C<Did not find opening tag:
19884 /%s/>, C<Unable to construct closing tag to match: /%s/>, C<Found invalid
19885 nested tag: %s>, C<Found unbalanced nested tag: %s>, C<Did not find closing
19890 =item BUGS AND IRRITATIONS
19896 =head2 Text::ParseWords - parse text into an array of tokens or array of
19911 =head2 Text::Soundex - Implementation of the Soundex Algorithm as Described
19928 =head2 Text::Tabs -- expand and unexpand tabs per the unix expand(1) and
19943 =head2 Text::Wrap - line wrapping to form simple paragraphs
19959 =head2 Thread - manipulate threads in Perl (for old code only)
19971 $thread = Thread->new(\&start_sub), $thread = Thread->new(\&start_sub,
19972 LIST), lock VARIABLE, async BLOCK;, Thread->self, cond_wait VARIABLE,
19973 cond_signal VARIABLE, cond_broadcast VARIABLE, yield
19977 join, eval, detach, equal, tid, flags, done
19985 =head2 Thread::Queue - thread-safe queues
19993 =item FUNCTIONS AND METHODS
19995 new, enqueue LIST, dequeue, dequeue_nb, pending
20001 =head2 Thread::Semaphore - thread-safe semaphores
20009 =item FUNCTIONS AND METHODS
20011 new, new NUMBER, down, down NUMBER, up, up NUMBER
20015 =head2 Thread::Signal - Start a thread which runs signal handlers reliably
20030 =head2 Thread::Specific - thread-specific keys
20040 =head2 Tie::Array - base class for tied arrays
20048 TIEARRAY classname, LIST, STORE this, index, value, FETCH this, index,
20049 FETCHSIZE this, STORESIZE this, count, EXTEND this, count, EXISTS this,
20050 key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, DESTROY this, PUSH this, LIST, POP this,
20051 SHIFT this, UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST
20059 =head2 Tie::File - Access the lines of a disk file via a Perl array
20079 =item Option Format
20083 =item Public Methods
20091 =item C<defer>, C<flush>, C<discard>, and C<autodefer>
20097 =item Tying to an already-opened filehandle
20099 =item Deferred Writing
20103 =item Autodeferring
20107 =item CONCURRENT ACCESS TO FILES
20113 =item WHAT ABOUT C<DB_File>?
20127 =head2 Tie::Handle, Tie::StdHandle - base class definitions for tied
20136 TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, WRITE this, scalar, length, offset, PRINT this,
20137 LIST, PRINTF this, format, LIST, READ this, scalar, length, offset,
20138 READLINE this, GETC this, CLOSE this, OPEN this, filename, BINMODE this,
20139 EOF this, TELL this, SEEK this, offset, whence, DESTROY this
20141 =item MORE INFORMATION
20143 =item COMPATIBILITY
20147 =head2 Tie::Hash, Tie::StdHash, Tie::ExtraHash - base class definitions for
20156 TIEHASH classname, LIST, STORE this, key, value, FETCH this, key, FIRSTKEY
20157 this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, EXISTS this, key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this
20159 =item Inheriting from B<Tie::StdHash>
20161 =item Inheriting from B<Tie::ExtraHash>
20163 =item C<UNTIE> and C<DESTROY>
20165 =item MORE INFORMATION
20169 =head2 Tie::Memoize - add data to hash when needed
20177 =item Inheriting from B<Tie::Memoize>
20187 =head2 Tie::RefHash - use references as hash keys
20205 =head2 Tie::Scalar, Tie::StdScalar - base class definitions for tied
20214 TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, DESTROY this
20216 =item MORE INFORMATION
20220 =head2 Tie::SubstrHash - Fixed-table-size, fixed-key-length hashing
20232 =head2 Time::HiRes - High resolution alarm, sleep, gettimeofday, interval
20241 gettimeofday (), usleep ( $useconds ), ualarm ( $useconds [,
20242 $interval_useconds ] ), tv_interval, time (), sleep ( $floating_seconds ),
20243 alarm ( $floating_seconds [, $interval_floating_seconds ] ), setitimer (
20244 $which, $floating_seconds [, $interval_floating_seconds ] ), getitimer (
20255 =item negative time not invented yet
20257 =item internal error: useconds < 0 (unsigned ... signed ...)
20265 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
20269 =head2 Time::Local - efficiently compute time from local and GMT time
20277 =item IMPLEMENTATION
20287 =head2 Time::gmtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gmtime()
20302 =head2 Time::localtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in localtime()
20317 =head2 Time::tm - internal object used by Time::gmtime and Time::localtime
20329 =head2 UNIVERSAL - base class for ALL classes (blessed references)
20337 C<< $obj->isa( TYPE ) >>, C<< CLASS->isa( TYPE ) >>, C<isa( VAL, TYPE )>,
20338 C<TYPE>, C<$obj>, C<CLASS>, C<VAL>, C<< $obj->can( METHOD ) >>, C<<
20339 CLASS->can( METHOD ) >>, C<can( VAL, METHOD )>, C<VERSION ( [ REQUIRE ] )>
20345 =head2 Unicode::Collate - Unicode Collation Algorithm
20355 =item Constructor and Tailoring
20357 UCA_Version, alternate, backwards, entry, ignoreName, ignoreChar, level,
20358 normalization, overrideCJK, overrideHangul, preprocess, rearrange, table,
20359 undefName, undefChar, katakana_before_hiragana, upper_before_lower
20361 =item Methods for Collation
20363 C<@sorted = $Collator-E<gt>sort(@not_sorted)>, C<$result =
20364 $Collator-E<gt>cmp($a, $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>eq($a, $b)>,
20365 C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>ne($a, $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>lt($a,
20366 $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>le($a, $b)>, C<$result =
20367 $Collator-E<gt>gt($a, $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>ge($a, $b)>,
20368 C<$sortKey = $Collator-E<gt>getSortKey($string)>, C<$sortKeyForm =
20369 $Collator-E<gt>viewSortKey($string)>
20371 =item Methods for Searching
20373 C<$position = $Collator-E<gt>index($string, $substring[, $position])>,
20374 C<($position, $length) = $Collator-E<gt>index($string, $substring[,
20375 $position])>, C<$match_ref = $Collator-E<gt>match($string, $substring)>,
20376 C<($match) = $Collator-E<gt>match($string, $substring)>, C<@match =
20377 $Collator-E<gt>gmatch($string, $substring)>, C<$count =
20378 $Collator-E<gt>subst($string, $substring, $replacement)>, C<$count =
20379 $Collator-E<gt>gsubst($string, $substring, $replacement)>
20381 =item Other Methods
20383 C<%old_tailoring = $Collator-E<gt>change(%new_tailoring)>, UCA_Version,
20384 Base_Unicode_Version
20390 =item Conformance Test
20398 http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr10/,
20399 http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr10/allkeys.txt,
20400 http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr10/CollationTest.html
20401 http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr10/CollationTest.zip,
20402 http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr15/, L<Unicode::Normalize>
20406 =head2 Unicode::Normalize - Unicode Normalization Forms
20416 =item Normalization Forms
20418 C<$NFD_string = NFD($string)>, C<$NFC_string = NFC($string)>,
20419 C<$NFKD_string = NFKD($string)>, C<$NFKC_string = NFKC($string)>,
20420 C<$normalized_string = normalize($form_name, $string)>
20422 =item Decomposition and Composition
20424 C<$decomposed_string = decompose($string)>, C<$decomposed_string =
20425 decompose($string, $useCompatMapping)>, C<$reordered_string =
20426 reorder($string)>, C<$composed_string = compose($string)>
20430 C<$result = checkNFD($string)>, C<$result = checkNFC($string)>, C<$result =
20431 checkNFKD($string)>, C<$result = checkNFKC($string)>, C<$result =
20432 check($form_name, $string)>
20434 =item Character Data
20436 C<$canonical_decomposed = getCanon($codepoint)>,
20437 C<$compatibility_decomposed = getCompat($codepoint)>,
20438 C<$codepoint_composite = getComposite($codepoint_here, $codepoint_next)>,
20439 C<$combining_class = getCombinClass($codepoint)>, C<$is_exclusion =
20440 isExclusion($codepoint)>, C<$is_singleton = isSingleton($codepoint)>,
20441 C<$is_non_starter_decomposition = isNonStDecomp($codepoint)>,
20442 C<$may_be_composed_with_prev_char = isComp2nd($codepoint)>
20452 http://www.unicode.org/unicode/reports/tr15/,
20453 http://www.unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/DerivedNormalizationProps.txt
20457 =head2 Unicode::UCD - Unicode character database
20499 =item Blocks versus Scripts
20501 =item Matching Scripts and Blocks
20503 =item Code Point Arguments
20529 =item Unicode::UCD::UnicodeVersion
20535 =item Implementation Note
20547 =head2 User::grent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getgr*()
20562 =head2 User::pwent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getpw*()
20573 =item System Specifics
20587 =head2 Win32 - Interfaces to some Win32 API Functions
20595 =item Alphabetical Listing of Win32 Functions
20597 Win32::AbortSystemShutdown(MACHINE), Win32::BuildNumber(),
20598 Win32::CopyFile(FROM, TO, OVERWRITE), Win32::DomainName(),
20599 Win32::ExpandEnvironmentStrings(STRING), Win32::FormatMessage(ERRORCODE),
20600 Win32::FsType(), Win32::FreeLibrary(HANDLE), Win32::GetArchName(),
20601 Win32::GetChipName(), Win32::GetCwd(), Win32::GetFolderPath(FOLDER [,
20602 CREATE]), Win32::GetFullPathName(FILENAME), Win32::GetLastError(),
20603 Win32::GetLongPathName(PATHNAME), Win32::GetNextAvailDrive(),
20604 Win32::GetOSVersion(), Win32::GetOSName(),
20605 Win32::GetShortPathName(PATHNAME), Win32::GetProcAddress(INSTANCE,
20606 PROCNAME), Win32::GetTickCount(), Win32::InitiateSystemShutdown,
20607 Win32::IsWinNT(), Win32::IsWin95(), Win32::LoadLibrary(LIBNAME),
20608 Win32::LoginName(), Win32::LookupAccountName(SYSTEM, ACCOUNT, DOMAIN, SID,
20609 SIDTYPE), Win32::LookupAccountSID(SYSTEM, SID, ACCOUNT, DOMAIN, SIDTYPE),
20610 Win32::MsgBox(MESSAGE [, FLAGS [, TITLE]]), Win32::NodeName(),
20611 Win32::RegisterServer(LIBRARYNAME), Win32::SetChildShowWindow(SHOWWINDOW),
20612 Win32::SetCwd(NEWDIRECTORY), Win32::SetLastError(ERROR),
20613 Win32::Sleep(TIME), Win32::Spawn(COMMAND, ARGS, PID),
20614 Win32::UnregisterServer(LIBRARYNAME)
20620 =head2 XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code
20632 =head1 AUXILIARY DOCUMENTATION
20634 Here should be listed all the extra programs' documentation, but they
20635 don't all have manual pages yet:
20661 Larry Wall <F<larry@wall.org>>, with the help of oodles