4 perltoc - perl documentation table of contents
8 This page provides a brief table of contents for the rest of the Perl
9 documentation set. It is meant to be scanned quickly or grepped
10 through to locate the proper section you're looking for.
12 =head1 BASIC DOCUMENTATION
14 =head2 perl - Practical Extraction and Report Language
20 Many usability enhancements, Simplified grammar, Lexical scoping,
21 Arbitrarily nested data structures, Modularity and reusability,
22 Object-oriented programming, Embeddable and Extensible, POSIX compliant,
23 Package constructors and destructors, Multiple simultaneous DBM
24 implementations, Subroutine definitions may now be autoloaded, Regular
25 expression enhancements, Innumerable Unbundled Modules, Compilability
41 =head2 perlfaq - frequently asked questions about Perl ($Date: 1997/03/25
46 perlfaq: Structural overview of the FAQ, L<perlfaq1>: General Questions
47 About Perl, L<perlfaq2>: Obtaining and Learning about Perl, L<perlfaq3>:
48 Programming Tools, L<perlfaq4>: Data Manipulation, L<perlfaq5>: Files and
49 Formats, L<perlfaq6>: Regexps, L<perlfaq7>: General Perl Language Issues,
50 L<perlfaq8>: System Interaction, L<perlfaq9>: Networking
54 =item Where to get this document
56 =item How to contribute to this document
58 =item What will happen if you mail your Perl programming problems to the
65 =item Author and Copyright Information
69 =item Noncommercial Reproduction
71 =item Commercial Reproduction
79 25/March/97, 18/March/97, 17/March/97 Version, Initial Release: 11/March/97
81 =head2 perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl ($Revision: 1.11 $, $Date:
82 1997/03/19 17:23:09 $)
90 =item Who supports Perl? Who develops it? Why is it free?
92 =item Which version of Perl should I use?
94 =item What are perl4 and perl5?
96 =item How stable is Perl?
98 =item Is Perl difficult to learn?
100 =item How does Perl compare with other languages like Java, Python, REXX,
103 =item Can I do [task] in Perl?
105 =item When shouldn't I program in Perl?
107 =item What's the difference between "perl" and "Perl"?
109 =item Is it a Perl program or a Perl script?
111 =item What is a JAPH?
113 =item Where can I get a list of Larry Wall witticisms?
115 =item How can I convince my sysadmin/supervisor/employees to use version
116 (5/5.004/Perl instead of some other language)?
120 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
122 =head2 perlfaq2 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl ($Revision: 1.15 $,
123 $Date: 1997/03/25 18:15:48 $)
129 =item What machines support Perl? Where do I get it?
131 =item How can I get a binary version of Perl?
133 =item I don't have a C compiler on my system. How can I compile perl?
135 =item I copied the Perl binary from one machine to another, but scripts
138 =item I grabbed the sources and tried to compile but gdbm/dynamic
139 loading/malloc/linking/... failed. How do I make it work?
141 =item What modules and extensions are available for Perl? What is CPAN?
142 What does CPAN/src/... mean?
144 =item Is there an ISO or ANSI certified version of Perl?
146 =item Where can I get information on Perl?
148 =item What are the Perl newsgroups on USENET? Where do I post questions?
150 =item Where should I post source code?
154 =item Perl in Magazines
156 =item Perl on the Net: FTP and WWW Access
158 =item What mailing lists are there for perl?
160 MacPerl, Perl5-Porters, NTPerl, Perl-Packrats
162 =item Archives of comp.lang.perl.misc
166 =item Where can I buy a commercial version of Perl?
168 =item Where do I send bug reports?
170 =item What is perl.com? perl.org? The Perl Institute?
172 =item How do I learn about object-oriented Perl programming?
176 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
178 =head2 perlfaq3 - Programming Tools ($Revision: 1.20 $, $Date: 1997/03/19
185 =item How do I do (anything)?
187 =item How can I use Perl interactively?
189 =item Is there a Perl shell?
191 =item How do I debug my Perl programs?
193 =item How do I profile my Perl programs?
195 =item How do I cross-reference my Perl programs?
197 =item Is there a pretty-printer (formatter) for Perl?
199 =item Is there a ctags for Perl?
201 =item Where can I get Perl macros for vi?
203 =item Where can I get perl-mode for emacs?
205 =item How can I use curses with Perl?
207 =item How can I use X or Tk with Perl?
209 =item How can I generate simple menus without using CGI or Tk?
211 =item Can I dynamically load C routines into Perl?
213 =item What is undump?
215 =item How can I make my Perl program run faster?
217 =item How can I make my Perl program take less memory?
219 =item Is it unsafe to return a pointer to local data?
221 =item How can I free an array or hash so my program shrinks?
223 =item How can I make my CGI script more efficient?
225 =item How can I hide the source for my Perl program?
227 =item How can I compile my Perl program into byte code or C?
229 =item How can I get '#!perl' to work on [MS-DOS,Windows NT,...]?
231 =item Can I write useful perl programs on the command line?
233 =item Why don't perl one-liners work on my MS-DOS/Macintosh/VMS system?
235 =item Where can I learn about CGI or Web programming in Perl?
237 =item Where can I learn about object-oriented Perl programming?
239 =item Where can I learn about linking C with Perl? [h2xs, xsubpp]
241 =item I've read perlembed, perlguts, etc., but I can't embed perl in
242 my C program, what am I doing wrong?
244 =item When I tried to run my script, I got this message. What does it
247 =item What's MakeMaker?
251 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
253 =head2 perlfaq4 - Data Manipulation ($Revision: 1.17 $, $Date: 1997/03/25
262 =item Why isn't my octal data interpreted correctly?
264 =item Does perl have a round function? What about ceil() and floor()?
267 =item How do I convert bits into ints?
269 =item How do I multiply matrices?
271 =item How do I perform an operation on a series of integers?
273 =item How can I output Roman numerals?
275 =item Why aren't my random numbers random?
283 =item How do I find the week-of-the-year/day-of-the-year?
285 =item How can I compare two date strings?
287 =item How can I take a string and turn it into epoch seconds?
289 =item How can I find the Julian Day?
291 =item Does Perl have a year 2000 problem?
299 =item How do I validate input?
301 =item How do I unescape a string?
303 =item How do I remove consecutive pairs of characters?
305 =item How do I expand function calls in a string?
307 =item How do I find matching/nesting anything?
309 =item How do I reverse a string?
311 =item How do I expand tabs in a string?
313 =item How do I reformat a paragraph?
315 =item How can I access/change the first N letters of a string?
317 =item How do I change the Nth occurrence of something?
319 =item How can I count the number of occurrences of a substring within a
322 =item How do I capitalize all the words on one line?
324 =item How can I split a [character] delimited string except when inside
325 [character]? (Comma-separated files)
327 =item How do I strip blank space from the beginning/end of a string?
329 =item How do I extract selected columns from a string?
331 =item How do I find the soundex value of a string?
333 =item How can I expand variables in text strings?
335 =item What's wrong with always quoting "$vars"?
337 =item Why don't my <<HERE documents work?
339 1. There must be no space after the << part, 2. There (probably) should be
340 a semicolon at the end, 3. You can't (easily) have any space in front of
349 =item What is the difference between $array[1] and @array[1]?
351 =item How can I extract just the unique elements of an array?
353 a) If @in is sorted, and you want @out to be sorted:, b) If you don't know
354 whether @in is sorted:, c) Like (b), but @in contains only small integers:,
355 d) A way to do (b) without any loops or greps:, e) Like (d), but @in
356 contains only small positive integers:
358 =item How can I tell whether an array contains a certain element?
360 =item How do I compute the difference of two arrays? How do I compute the
361 intersection of two arrays?
363 =item How do I find the first array element for which a condition is true?
365 =item How do I handle linked lists?
367 =item How do I handle circular lists?
369 =item How do I shuffle an array randomly?
371 =item How do I process/modify each element of an array?
373 =item How do I select a random element from an array?
375 =item How do I permute N elements of a list?
377 =item How do I sort an array by (anything)?
379 =item How do I manipulate arrays of bits?
381 =item Why does defined() return true on empty arrays and hashes?
385 =item Data: Hashes (Associative Arrays)
389 =item How do I process an entire hash?
391 =item What happens if I add or remove keys from a hash while iterating over
394 =item How do I look up a hash element by value?
396 =item How can I know how many entries are in a hash?
398 =item How do I sort a hash (optionally by value instead of key)?
400 =item How can I always keep my hash sorted?
402 =item What's the difference between "delete" and "undef" with hashes?
404 =item Why don't my tied hashes make the defined/exists distinction?
406 =item How do I reset an each() operation part-way through?
408 =item How can I get the unique keys from two hashes?
410 =item How can I store a multidimensional array in a DBM file?
412 =item How can I make my hash remember the order I put elements into it?
414 =item Why does passing a subroutine an undefined element in a hash create
417 =item How can I make the Perl equivalent of a C structure/C++ class/hash
418 or array of hashes or arrays?
420 =item How can I use a reference as a hash key?
428 =item How do I handle binary data correctly?
430 =item How do I determine whether a scalar is a number/whole/integer/float?
432 =item How do I keep persistent data across program calls?
434 =item How do I print out or copy a recursive data structure?
436 =item How do I define methods for every class/object?
438 =item How do I verify a credit card checksum?
442 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
444 =head2 perlfaq5 - Files and Formats ($Revision: 1.20 $, $Date: 1997/03/19
451 =item How do I flush/unbuffer a filehandle? Why must I do this?
453 =item How do I change one line in a file/delete a line in a file/insert a
454 line in the middle of a file/append to the beginning of a file?
456 =item How do I count the number of lines in a file?
458 =item How do I make a temporary file name?
460 =item How can I manipulate fixed-record-length files?
462 =item How can I make a filehandle local to a subroutine? How do I pass
463 filehandles between subroutines? How do I make an array of filehandles?
465 =item How can I set up a footer format to be used with write()?
467 =item How can I write() into a string?
469 =item How can I output my numbers with commas added?
471 =item How can I translate tildes (~) in a filename?
473 =item How come when I open the file read-write it wipes it out?
475 =item Why do I sometimes get an "Argument list too long" when I use <*>?
477 =item Is there a leak/bug in glob()?
479 =item How can I open a file with a leading "E<gt>" or trailing blanks?
481 =item How can I reliably rename a file?
483 =item How can I lock a file?
485 =item What can't I just open(FH, ">file.lock")?
487 =item I still don't get locking. I just want to increment the number
488 in the file. How can I do this?
490 =item How do I randomly update a binary file?
492 =item How do I get a file's timestamp in perl?
494 =item How do I set a file's timestamp in perl?
496 =item How do I print to more than one file at once?
498 =item How can I read in a file by paragraphs?
500 =item How can I read a single character from a file? From the keyboard?
502 =item How can I tell if there's a character waiting on a filehandle?
504 =item How do I open a file without blocking?
506 =item How do I create a file only if it doesn't exist?
508 =item How do I do a C<tail -f> in perl?
510 =item How do I dup() a filehandle in Perl?
512 =item How do I close a file descriptor by number?
514 =item Why can't I use "C:\temp\foo" in MS-DOS paths? What doesn't
515 `C:\temp\foo.exe` work?
517 =item Why doesn't glob("*.*") get all the files?
519 =item Why does Perl let me delete read-only files? Why does C<-i> clobber
520 protected files? Isn't this a bug in Perl?
522 =item How do I select a random line from a file?
526 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
528 =head2 perlfaq6 - Regexps ($Revision: 1.16 $, $Date: 1997/03/25 18:16:56 $)
534 =item How can I hope to use regular expressions without creating illegible
535 and unmaintainable code?
537 Comments Outside the Regexp, Comments Inside the Regexp, Different
540 =item I'm having trouble matching over more than one line. What's wrong?
542 =item How can I pull out lines between two patterns that are themselves on
545 =item I put a regular expression into $/ but it didn't work. What's wrong?
547 =item How do I substitute case insensitively on the LHS, but preserving
550 =item How can I make C<\w> match accented characters?
552 =item How can I match a locale-smart version of C</[a-zA-Z]/>?
554 =item How can I quote a variable to use in a regexp?
556 =item What is C</o> really for?
558 =item How do I use a regular expression to strip C style comments from a
561 =item Can I use Perl regular expressions to match balanced text?
563 =item What does it mean that regexps are greedy? How can I get around it?
565 =item How do I process each word on each line?
567 =item How can I print out a word-frequency or line-frequency summary?
569 =item How can I do approximate matching?
571 =item How do I efficiently match many regular expressions at once?
573 =item Why don't word-boundary searches with C<\b> work for me?
575 =item Why does using $&, $`, or $' slow my program down?
577 =item What good is C<\G> in a regular expression?
579 =item Are Perl regexps DFAs or NFAs? Are they POSIX compliant?
581 =item What's wrong with using grep or map in a void context?
583 =item How can I match strings with multibyte characters?
587 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
589 =head2 perlfaq7 - Perl Language Issues ($Revision: 1.16 $, $Date:
590 1997/03/19 17:25:23 $)
596 =item Can I get a BNF/yacc/RE for the Perl language?
598 =item What are all these $@%* punctuation signs, and how do I know when to
601 =item Do I always/never have to quote my strings or use semicolons and
604 =item How do I skip some return values?
606 =item How do I temporarily block warnings?
608 =item What's an extension?
610 =item Why do Perl operators have different precedence than C operators?
612 =item How do I declare/create a structure?
614 =item How do I create a module?
616 =item How do I create a class?
618 =item How can I tell if a variable is tainted?
620 =item What's a closure?
622 =item How can I pass/return a {Function, FileHandle, Array, Hash, Method,
625 Passing Variables and Functions, Passing Filehandles, Passing Regexps,
628 =item How do I create a static variable?
630 =item What's the difference between dynamic and lexical (static) scoping?
631 Between local() and my()?
633 =item How can I access a dynamic variable while a similarly named lexical
636 =item What's the difference between deep and shallow binding?
638 =item Why doesn't "local($foo) = <FILE>;" work right?
640 =item How do I redefine a builtin function, operator, or method?
642 =item What's the difference between calling a function as &foo and foo()?
644 =item How do I create a switch or case statement?
646 =item How can I catch accesses to undefined variables/functions/methods?
648 =item Why can't a method included in this same file be found?
650 =item How can I find out my current package?
654 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
656 =head2 perlfaq8 - System Interaction ($Revision: 1.17 $, $Date: 1997/03/25
663 =item How do I find out which operating system I'm running under?
665 =item How come exec() doesn't return?
667 =item How do I do fancy stuff with the keyboard/screen/mouse?
669 Keyboard, Screen, Mouse
671 =item How do I ask the user for a password?
673 =item How do I read and write the serial port?
675 lockfiles, open mode, end of line, flushing output, non-blocking input
677 =item How do I decode encrypted password files?
679 =item How do I start a process in the background?
681 STDIN, STDOUT and STDERR are shared, Signals, Zombies
683 =item How do I trap control characters/signals?
685 =item How do I modify the shadow password file on a Unix system?
687 =item How do I set the time and date?
689 =item How can I sleep() or alarm() for under a second?
691 =item How can I measure time under a second?
693 =item How can I do an atexit() or setjmp()/longjmp()? (Exception handling)
695 =item Why doesn't my sockets program work under System V (Solaris)? What
696 does the error message "Protocol not supported" mean?
698 =item How can I call my system's unique C functions from Perl?
700 =item Where do I get the include files to do ioctl() or syscall()?
702 =item Why do setuid perl scripts complain about kernel problems?
704 =item How can I open a pipe both to and from a command?
706 =item Why can't I get the output of a command with system()?
708 =item How can I capture STDERR from an external command?
710 =item Why doesn't open() return an error when a pipe open fails?
712 =item What's wrong with using backticks in a void context?
714 =item How can I call backticks without shell processing?
716 =item Why can't my script read from STDIN after I gave it EOF (^D on Unix,
719 =item How can I convert my shell script to perl?
721 =item Can I use perl to run a telnet or ftp session?
723 =item How can I write expect in Perl?
725 =item Is there a way to hide perl's command line from programs such as
728 =item I {changed directory, modified my environment} in a perl script. How
729 come the change disappeared when I exited the script? How do I get my
730 changes to be visible?
734 =item How do I close a process's filehandle without waiting for it to
737 =item How do I fork a daemon process?
739 =item How do I make my program run with sh and csh?
741 =item How do I keep my own module/library directory?
743 =item How do I find out if I'm running interactively or not?
745 =item How do I timeout a slow event?
747 =item How do I set CPU limits?
749 =item How do I avoid zombies on a Unix system?
751 =item How do I use an SQL database?
753 =item How do I make a system() exit on control-C?
755 =item How do I open a file without blocking?
757 =item How do I install a CPAN module?
761 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
763 =head2 perlfaq9 - Networking ($Revision: 1.15 $, $Date: 1997/03/25 18:17:20
770 =item My CGI script runs from the command line but not the browser. Can
773 =item How do I remove HTML from a string?
775 =item How do I extract URLs?
777 =item How do I download a file from the user's machine? How do I open a
778 file on another machine?
780 =item How do I make a pop-up menu in HTML?
782 =item How do I fetch an HTML file?
784 =item how do I decode or create those %-encodings on the web?
786 =item How do I redirect to another page?
788 =item How do I put a password on my web pages?
790 =item How do I edit my .htpasswd and .htgroup files with Perl?
792 =item How do I parse an email header?
794 =item How do I decode a CGI form?
796 =item How do I check a valid email address?
798 =item How do I decode a MIME/BASE64 string?
800 =item How do I return the user's email address?
802 =item How do I send/read mail?
804 =item How do I find out my hostname/domainname/IP address?
806 =item How do I fetch a news article or the active newsgroups?
808 =item How do I fetch/put an FTP file?
810 =item How can I do RPC in Perl?
814 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
816 =head2 perldelta - what's new for perl5.004
820 =item Supported Environments
826 =item Compilation option: Binary compatibility with 5.003
828 =item $PERL5OPT environment variable
830 =item More precise warnings
832 =item Subroutine arguments created only when they're modified
834 =item Simple functions' C<AUTOLOAD> not looked up as method
836 =item Fixed parsing of $$<digit>, &$<digit>, etc.
838 =item No resetting of $. on implicit close
840 =item C<wantarray> may return undef
842 =item Changes to tainting checks
844 =item New Opcode module and revised Safe module
846 =item Embedding improvements
848 =item Internal change: FileHandle class based on IO::* classes
850 =item Internal change: PerlIO abstraction interface
852 =item New and changed builtin variables
856 =item New and changed builtin functions
858 delete on slices, flock, printf and sprintf, keys as an lvalue, my() in
859 Control Structures, unpack() and pack(), use VERSION, use Module VERSION
860 LIST, prototype(FUNCTION), srand, $_ as Default, C<m//g> does not trigger a
861 pos() reset on failure, C<m//x> ignores whitespace before ?*+{}, nested
862 C<sub{}> closures work now, formats work right on changing lexicals
864 =item New builtin methods
866 isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] )
868 =item TIEHANDLE now supported
870 TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, READ this LIST, READLINE this,
871 GETC this, DESTROY this
873 =item Malloc enhancements
875 -DDEBUGGING_MSTATS, -DEMERGENCY_SBRK, -DPACK_MALLOC, -DTWO_POT_OPTIMIZE
877 =item Miscellaneous efficiency enhancements
883 use autouse MODULE => qw(sub1 sub2 sub3), use blib, use blib 'dir', use
884 constant NAME => VALUE, use locale, use ops, use vmsish
890 =item Installation directories
892 =item Module information summary
904 =item Object-oriented overrides for builtin operators
908 =item Utility Changes
914 C<void> XSUBs now default to returning nothing
918 =item C Language API Changes
920 C<gv_fetchmethod> and C<perl_call_sv>, Extended API for manipulating hashes
922 =item Documentation Changes
924 L<perldelta>, L<perllocale>, L<perltoot>, L<perlapio>, L<perldebug>,
927 =item New Diagnostics
929 "my" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same scope, %s argument is
930 not a HASH element or slice, Allocation too large: %lx, Allocation too
931 large, Applying %s to %s will act on scalar(%s), Attempt to free
932 nonexistent shared string, Attempt to use reference as lvalue in substr,
933 Can't use bareword ("%s") as %s ref while "strict refs" in use, Cannot
934 resolve method `%s' overloading `%s' in package `%s', Constant subroutine
935 %s redefined, Constant subroutine %s undefined, Copy method did not return
936 a reference, Died, Exiting pseudo-block via %s, Illegal character %s
937 (carriage return), Illegal switch in PERL5OPT: %s, Integer overflow in hex
938 number, Integer overflow in octal number, Name "%s::%s" used only once:
939 possible typo, Null picture in formline, Offset outside string, Out of
940 memory!, Out of memory during request for %s, Possible attempt to put
941 comments in qw() list, Possible attempt to separate words with commas,
942 Scalar value @%s{%s} better written as $%s{%s}, Stub found while resolving
943 method `%s' overloading `%s' in package `%s', Too late for "B<-T>" option,
944 untie attempted while %d inner references still exist, Unrecognized
945 character %s, Unsupported function fork, Value of %s can be "0"; test with
946 defined(), Variable "%s" may be unavailable, Variable "%s" will not stay
947 shared, Warning: something's wrong, Ill-formed logical name |%s| in
948 prime_env_iter, Got an error from DosAllocMem, Malformed PERLLIB_PREFIX,
949 PERL_SH_DIR too long, Process terminated by SIG%s
957 =head2 perldata - Perl data types
969 =item Scalar value constructors
971 =item List value constructors
973 =item Typeglobs and Filehandles
977 =head2 perlsyn - Perl syntax
985 =item Simple statements
987 =item Compound statements
995 =item Basic BLOCKs and Switch Statements
999 =item PODs: Embedded Documentation
1001 =item Plain Old Comments (Not!)
1005 =head2 perlop - Perl operators and precedence
1013 =item Terms and List Operators (Leftward)
1015 =item The Arrow Operator
1017 =item Auto-increment and Auto-decrement
1019 =item Exponentiation
1021 =item Symbolic Unary Operators
1023 =item Binding Operators
1025 =item Multiplicative Operators
1027 =item Additive Operators
1029 =item Shift Operators
1031 =item Named Unary Operators
1033 =item Relational Operators
1035 =item Equality Operators
1039 =item Bitwise Or and Exclusive Or
1041 =item C-style Logical And
1043 =item C-style Logical Or
1045 =item Range Operator
1047 =item Conditional Operator
1049 =item Assignment Operators
1051 =item Comma Operator
1053 =item List Operators (Rightward)
1059 =item Logical or and Exclusive Or
1061 =item C Operators Missing From Perl
1063 unary &, unary *, (TYPE)
1065 =item Quote and Quote-like Operators
1067 =item Regexp Quote-Like Operators
1069 ?PATTERN?, m/PATTERN/gimosx, /PATTERN/gimosx, q/STRING/, C<'STRING'>,
1070 qq/STRING/, "STRING", qx/STRING/, `STRING`, qw/STRING/,
1071 s/PATTERN/REPLACEMENT/egimosx, tr/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds,
1072 y/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds
1076 =item Constant Folding
1078 =item Integer Arithmetic
1080 =item Floating-point Arithmetic
1084 =head2 perlre - Perl regular expressions
1092 =item Regular Expressions
1094 (?#text), (?:regexp), (?=regexp), (?!regexp), (?imsx)
1098 =item Version 8 Regular Expressions
1100 =item WARNING on \1 vs $1
1104 =head2 perlrun - how to execute the Perl interpreter
1112 =item #! and quoting on non-Unix systems
1114 OS/2, MS-DOS, Win95/NT, Macintosh
1118 B<-0>[I<digits>], B<-a>, B<-c>, B<-d>, B<-d:>I<foo>, B<-D>I<number>,
1119 B<-D>I<list>, B<-e> I<commandline>, B<-F>I<pattern>, B<-h>,
1120 B<-i>[I<extension>], B<-I>I<directory>, B<-l>[I<octnum>],
1121 B<-m>[B<->]I<module>, B<-M>[B<->]I<module>, B<-M>[B<->]I<'module ...'>,
1122 B<-[mM]>[B<->]I<module=arg[,arg]...>, B<-n>, B<-p>, B<-P>, B<-s>, B<-S>,
1123 B<-T>, B<-u>, B<-U>, B<-v>, B<-V>, B<-V:>I<name>, B<-w>, B<-x> I<directory>
1129 HOME, LOGDIR, PATH, PERL5LIB, PERL5OPT, PERLLIB, PERL5DB,
1130 PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS, PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL
1132 =head2 perlfunc - Perl builtin functions
1136 I<THERE IS NO GENERAL RULE FOR CONVERTING A LIST INTO A SCALAR!>
1140 =item Perl Functions by Category
1142 Functions for SCALARs or strings, Regular expressions and pattern matching,
1143 Numeric functions, Functions for real @ARRAYs, Functions for list data,
1144 Functions for real %HASHes, Input and output functions, Functions for fixed
1145 length data or records, Functions for filehandles, files, or directories,
1146 Keywords related to the control flow of your perl program, Keywords related
1147 to scoping, Miscellaneous functions, Functions for processes and process
1148 groups, Keywords related to perl modules, Keywords related to classes and
1149 object-orientedness, Low-level socket functions, System V interprocess
1150 communication functions, Fetching user and group info, Fetching network
1151 info, Time-related functions, Functions new in perl5, Functions obsoleted
1154 =item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions
1156 -I<X> FILEHANDLE, -I<X> EXPR, -I<X>, abs VALUE, abs, accept
1157 NEWSOCKET,GENERICSOCKET, alarm SECONDS, alarm, atan2 Y,X, bind SOCKET,NAME,
1158 binmode FILEHANDLE, bless REF,CLASSNAME, bless REF, caller EXPR, caller,
1159 chdir EXPR, chmod LIST, chomp VARIABLE, chomp LIST, chomp, chop VARIABLE,
1160 chop LIST, chop, chown LIST, chr NUMBER, chr, chroot FILENAME, chroot,
1161 close FILEHANDLE, closedir DIRHANDLE, connect SOCKET,NAME, continue BLOCK,
1162 cos EXPR, crypt PLAINTEXT,SALT, dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MODE,
1163 defined EXPR, defined, delete EXPR, die LIST, do BLOCK, do
1164 SUBROUTINE(LIST), do EXPR, dump LABEL, each HASH, eof FILEHANDLE, eof (),
1165 eof, eval EXPR, eval BLOCK, exec LIST, exists EXPR, exit EXPR, exp EXPR,
1166 exp, fcntl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, fileno FILEHANDLE, flock
1167 FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, fork, format, formline PICTURE, LIST, getc
1168 FILEHANDLE, getc, getlogin, getpeername SOCKET, getpgrp PID, getppid,
1169 getpriority WHICH,WHO, getpwnam NAME, getgrnam NAME, gethostbyname NAME,
1170 getnetbyname NAME, getprotobyname NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID,
1171 getservbyname NAME,PROTO, gethostbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getnetbyaddr
1172 ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER, getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent,
1173 getgrent, gethostent, getnetent, getprotoent, getservent, setpwent,
1174 setgrent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN,
1175 setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent, endhostent, endnetent,
1176 endprotoent, endservent, getsockname SOCKET, getsockopt
1177 SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, glob, gmtime EXPR, goto LABEL, goto EXPR,
1178 goto &NAME, grep BLOCK LIST, grep EXPR,LIST, hex EXPR, hex, import, index
1179 STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, index STR,SUBSTR, int EXPR, int, ioctl
1180 FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, join EXPR,LIST, keys HASH, kill LIST, last
1181 LABEL, last, lc EXPR, lc, lcfirst EXPR, lcfirst, length EXPR, length, link
1182 OLDFILE,NEWFILE, listen SOCKET,QUEUESIZE, local EXPR, localtime EXPR, log
1183 EXPR, log, lstat FILEHANDLE, lstat EXPR, lstat, m//, map BLOCK LIST, map
1184 EXPR,LIST, mkdir FILENAME,MODE, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget KEY,FLAGS, msgsnd
1185 ID,MSG,FLAGS, msgrcv ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, my EXPR, next LABEL, next, no
1186 Module LIST, oct EXPR, oct, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE, opendir
1187 DIRHANDLE,EXPR, ord EXPR, ord, pack TEMPLATE,LIST, package NAMESPACE, pipe
1188 READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, pop ARRAY, pop, pos SCALAR, pos, print FILEHANDLE
1189 LIST, print LIST, print, printf FILEHANDLE FORMAT, LIST, printf FORMAT,
1190 LIST, prototype FUNCTION, push ARRAY,LIST, q/STRING/, qq/STRING/,
1191 qx/STRING/, qw/STRING/, quotemeta EXPR, quotemeta, rand EXPR, rand, read
1192 FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, readdir
1193 DIRHANDLE, readlink EXPR, readlink, recv SOCKET,SCALAR,LEN,FLAGS, redo
1194 LABEL, redo, ref EXPR, ref, rename OLDNAME,NEWNAME, require EXPR, require,
1195 reset EXPR, reset, return EXPR, return, reverse LIST, rewinddir DIRHANDLE,
1196 rindex STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, rindex STR,SUBSTR, rmdir FILENAME, rmdir, s///,
1197 scalar EXPR, seek FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, seekdir DIRHANDLE,POS, select
1198 FILEHANDLE, select, select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, semctl
1199 ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, send
1200 SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS,TO, send SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS, setpgrp PID,PGRP, setpriority
1201 WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shift ARRAY,
1202 shift, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS, shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE,
1203 shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, shutdown SOCKET,HOW, sin EXPR, sin, sleep
1204 EXPR, sleep, socket SOCKET,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, socketpair
1205 SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, sort SUBNAME LIST, sort BLOCK LIST,
1206 sort LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,
1207 splice ARRAY,OFFSET, split /PATTERN/,EXPR,LIMIT, split /PATTERN/,EXPR,
1208 split /PATTERN/, split, sprintf FORMAT, LIST, sqrt EXPR, sqrt, srand EXPR,
1209 srand, stat FILEHANDLE, stat EXPR, stat, study SCALAR, study, sub BLOCK,
1210 sub NAME, sub NAME BLOCK, substr EXPR,OFFSET,LEN, substr EXPR,OFFSET,
1211 symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,
1212 sysopen FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, sysread
1213 FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, sysread FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, system
1214 LIST, syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, syswrite
1215 FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, tell FILEHANDLE, tell, telldir DIRHANDLE, tie
1216 VARIABLE,CLASSNAME,LIST, tied VARIABLE, time, times, tr///, truncate
1217 FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, uc EXPR, uc, ucfirst EXPR,
1218 ucfirst, umask EXPR, umask, undef EXPR, undef, unlink LIST, unlink, unpack
1219 TEMPLATE,EXPR, untie VARIABLE, unshift ARRAY,LIST, use Module LIST, use
1220 Module, use Module VERSION LIST, use VERSION, utime LIST, values HASH, vec
1221 EXPR,OFFSET,BITS, wait, waitpid PID,FLAGS, wantarray, warn LIST, write
1222 FILEHANDLE, write EXPR, write, y///
1226 =head2 perlvar - Perl predefined variables
1232 =item Predefined Names
1234 $ARG, $_, $E<lt>I<digit>E<gt>, $MATCH, $&, $PREMATCH, $`, $POSTMATCH, $',
1235 $LAST_PAREN_MATCH, $+, $MULTILINE_MATCHING, $*, input_line_number HANDLE
1236 EXPR, $INPUT_LINE_NUMBER, $NR, $, input_record_separator HANDLE EXPR,
1237 $INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $RS, $/, autoflush HANDLE EXPR, $OUTPUT_AUTOFLUSH,
1238 $|, output_field_separator HANDLE EXPR, $OUTPUT_FIELD_SEPARATOR, $OFS, $,,
1239 output_record_separator HANDLE EXPR, $OUTPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $ORS, $\,
1240 $LIST_SEPARATOR, $", $SUBSCRIPT_SEPARATOR, $SUBSEP, $;, $OFMT, $#,
1241 format_page_number HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_PAGE_NUMBER, $%,
1242 format_lines_per_page HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_LINES_PER_PAGE, $=,
1243 format_lines_left HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_LINES_LEFT, $-, format_name HANDLE
1244 EXPR, $FORMAT_NAME, $~, format_top_name HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_TOP_NAME, $^,
1245 format_line_break_characters HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_LINE_BREAK_CHARACTERS,
1246 $:, format_formfeed HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_FORMFEED, $^L, $ACCUMULATOR, $^A,
1247 $CHILD_ERROR, $?, $OS_ERROR, $ERRNO, $!, $EXTENDED_OS_ERROR, $^E,
1248 $EVAL_ERROR, $@, $PROCESS_ID, $PID, $$, $REAL_USER_ID, $UID, $<,
1249 $EFFECTIVE_USER_ID, $EUID, $>, $REAL_GROUP_ID, $GID, $(,
1250 $EFFECTIVE_GROUP_ID, $EGID, $), $PROGRAM_NAME, $0, $[, $PERL_VERSION, $],
1251 $DEBUGGING, $^D, $SYSTEM_FD_MAX, $^F, $^H, $INPLACE_EDIT, $^I, $OSNAME,
1252 $^O, $PERLDB, $^P, $BASETIME, $^T, $WARNING, $^W, $EXECUTABLE_NAME, $^X,
1253 $ARGV, @ARGV, @INC, %INC, $ENV{expr}, $SIG{expr}, $^M
1257 =head2 perlsub - Perl subroutines
1265 =item Private Variables via my()
1267 =item Temporary Values via local()
1269 =item Passing Symbol Table Entries (typeglobs)
1271 =item Pass by Reference
1275 =item Constant Functions
1277 =item Overriding Builtin Functions
1285 =head2 perlmod - Perl modules (packages)
1295 =item Package Constructors and Destructors
1305 =item THE PERL MODULE LIBRARY
1309 =item Pragmatic Modules
1311 blib, diagnostics, integer, less, lib, locale, ops, overload, sigtrap,
1312 strict, subs, vmsish, vars
1314 =item Standard Modules
1316 AnyDBM_File, AutoLoader, AutoSplit, Benchmark, CPAN, CPAN::FirstTime,
1317 CPAN::Nox, Carp, Class::Template, Config, Cwd, DB_File, Devel::SelfStubber,
1318 DirHandle, DynaLoader, English, Env, Exporter, ExtUtils::Embed,
1319 ExtUtils::Install, ExtUtils::Liblist, ExtUtils::MM_OS2, ExtUtils::MM_Unix,
1320 ExtUtils::MM_VMS, ExtUtils::MakeMaker, ExtUtils::Manifest,
1321 ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap, ExtUtils::Mksymlists, ExtUtils::testlib, Fcntl,
1322 File::Basename, File::CheckTree, File::Compare, File::Copy, File::Find,
1323 File::Path, File::stat, FileCache, FileHandle, FindBin, GDBM_File,
1324 Getopt::Long, Getopt::Std, I18N::Collate, IO, IO::File, IO::Handle,
1325 IO::Pipe, IO::Seekable, IO::Select, IO::Socket, IPC::Open2, IPC::Open3,
1326 Math::BigFloat, Math::BigInt, Math::Complex, NDBM_File, Net::Ping,
1327 Net::hostent, Net::netent, Net::protoent, Net::servent, Opcode, Pod::Text,
1328 POSIX, SDBM_File, Safe, Search::Dict, SelectSaver, SelfLoader, Shell,
1329 Socket, Symbol, Sys::Hostname, Sys::Syslog, Term::Cap, Term::Complete,
1330 Term::ReadLine, Test::Harness, Text::Abbrev, Text::ParseWords,
1331 Text::Soundex, Text::Tabs, Text::Wrap, Tie::Hash, Tie::RefHash,
1332 Tie::Scalar, Tie::SubstrHash, Time::Local, Time::gmtime, Time::localtime,
1333 Time::tm, UNIVERSAL, User::grent, User::pwent
1335 =item Extension Modules
1341 Language Extensions and Documentation Tools, Development Support, Operating
1342 System Interfaces, Networking, Device Control (modems) and InterProcess
1343 Communication, Data Types and Data Type Utilities, Database Interfaces,
1344 User Interfaces, Interfaces to / Emulations of Other Programming Languages,
1345 File Names, File Systems and File Locking (see also File Handles), String
1346 Processing, Language Text Processing, Parsing, and Searching, Option,
1347 Argument, Parameter, and Configuration File Processing,
1348 Internationalization and Locale, Authentication, Security, and Encryption,
1349 World Wide Web, HTML, HTTP, CGI, MIME, Server and Daemon Utilities,
1350 Archiving and Compression, Images, Pixmap and Bitmap Manipulation, Drawing,
1351 and Graphing, Mail and Usenet News, Control Flow Utilities (callbacks and
1352 exceptions etc), File Handle and Input/Output Stream Utilities,
1353 Miscellaneous Modules, Africa, Asia, Australasia, Europe, North America,
1356 =item Modules: Creation, Use, and Abuse
1360 =item Guidelines for Module Creation
1362 Do similar modules already exist in some form?, Try to design the new
1363 module to be easy to extend and reuse, Some simple style guidelines, Select
1364 what to export, Select a name for the module, Have you got it right?,
1365 README and other Additional Files, A description of the
1366 module/package/extension etc, A copyright notice - see below, Prerequisites
1367 - what else you may need to have, How to build it - possible changes to
1368 Makefile.PL etc, How to install it, Recent changes in this release,
1369 especially incompatibilities, Changes / enhancements you plan to make in
1370 the future, Adding a Copyright Notice, Give the module a
1371 version/issue/release number, How to release and distribute a module, Take
1372 care when changing a released module
1374 =item Guidelines for Converting Perl 4 Library Scripts into Modules
1376 There is no requirement to convert anything, Consider the implications,
1377 Make the most of the opportunity, The pl2pm utility will get you started,
1378 Adds the standard Module prologue lines, Converts package specifiers from '
1379 to ::, Converts die(...) to croak(...), Several other minor changes
1381 =item Guidelines for Reusing Application Code
1383 Complete applications rarely belong in the Perl Module Library, Many
1384 applications contain some perl code which could be reused, Break-out the
1385 reusable code into one or more separate module files, Take the opportunity
1386 to reconsider and redesign the interfaces, In some cases the 'application'
1387 can then be reduced to a small
1391 =head2 perlform - Perl formats
1397 =item Format Variables
1407 =item Accessing Formatting Internals
1413 =head2 perllocale - Perl locale handling (internationalization and
1418 =item PREPARING TO USE LOCALES
1424 =item The use locale pragma
1426 =item The setlocale function
1428 =item The localeconv function
1432 =item LOCALE CATEGORIES
1436 =item Category LC_COLLATE: Collation
1438 =item Category LC_CTYPE: Character Types
1440 =item Category LC_NUMERIC: Numeric Formatting
1442 =item Category LC_MONETARY: Formatting of monetary amounts
1446 =item Other categories
1452 B<Comparison operators> (C<lt>, C<le>, C<ge>, C<gt> and C<cmp>):,
1453 B<Case-mapping interpolation> (with C<\l>, C<\L>, C<\u> or <\U>),
1454 B<Matching operator> (C<m//>):, B<Substitution operator> (C<s///>):,
1455 B<In-memory formatting function> (sprintf()):, B<Output formatting
1456 functions> (printf() and write()):, B<Case-mapping functions> (lc(),
1457 lcfirst(), uc(), ucfirst()):, B<POSIX locale-dependent functions>
1458 (localeconv(), strcoll(),strftime(), strxfrm()):, B<POSIX character class
1459 tests> (isalnum(), isalpha(), isdigit(),isgraph(), islower(), isprint(),
1460 ispunct(), isspace(), isupper(),
1465 PERL_BADLANG, LC_ALL, LC_CTYPE, LC_COLLATE, LC_MONETARY, LC_NUMERIC,
1472 =item Backward compatibility
1474 =item I18N:Collate obsolete
1476 =item Sort speed and memory use impacts
1478 =item write() and LC_NUMERIC
1480 =item Freely available locale definitions
1484 =item An imperfect standard
1492 =item Broken systems
1500 =head2 perlref - Perl references and nested data structures
1506 =item Symbolic references
1508 =item Not-so-symbolic references
1516 =head2 perldsc - Perl Data Structures Cookbook
1520 arrays of arrays, hashes of arrays, arrays of hashes, hashes of hashes,
1521 more elaborate constructs
1525 =item COMMON MISTAKES
1527 =item CAVEAT ON PRECEDENCE
1529 =item WHY YOU SHOULD ALWAYS C<use strict>
1535 =item LISTS OF LISTS
1539 =item Declaration of a LIST OF LISTS
1541 =item Generation of a LIST OF LISTS
1543 =item Access and Printing of a LIST OF LISTS
1547 =item HASHES OF LISTS
1551 =item Declaration of a HASH OF LISTS
1553 =item Generation of a HASH OF LISTS
1555 =item Access and Printing of a HASH OF LISTS
1559 =item LISTS OF HASHES
1563 =item Declaration of a LIST OF HASHES
1565 =item Generation of a LIST OF HASHES
1567 =item Access and Printing of a LIST OF HASHES
1571 =item HASHES OF HASHES
1575 =item Declaration of a HASH OF HASHES
1577 =item Generation of a HASH OF HASHES
1579 =item Access and Printing of a HASH OF HASHES
1583 =item MORE ELABORATE RECORDS
1587 =item Declaration of MORE ELABORATE RECORDS
1589 =item Declaration of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS
1591 =item Generation of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS
1601 =head2 perllol, perlLoL - Manipulating Lists of Lists in Perl
1605 =item Declaration and Access of Lists of Lists
1607 =item Growing Your Own
1609 =item Access and Printing
1617 =head2 perltoot - Tom's object-oriented tutorial for perl
1621 =item Creating a Class
1625 =item Object Representation
1627 =item Class Interface
1629 =item Constructors and Instance Methods
1631 =item Planning for the Future: Better Constructors
1635 =item Other Object Methods
1643 =item Accessing Class Data
1645 =item Debugging Methods
1647 =item Class Destructors
1649 =item Documenting the Interface
1659 =item Overridden Methods
1661 =item Multiple Inheritance
1663 =item UNIVERSAL: The Root of All Objects
1667 =item Alternate Object Representations
1671 =item Arrays as Objects
1673 =item Closures as Objects
1677 =item AUTOLOAD: Proxy Methods
1681 =item Autoloaded Data Methods
1683 =item Inherited Autoloaded Data Methods
1687 =item Metaclassical Tools
1691 =item Class::Template
1693 =item Data Members as Variables
1697 =item Object Terminology
1707 =item Acknowledgments
1711 =head2 perlobj - Perl objects
1717 =item An Object is Simply a Reference
1719 =item A Class is Simply a Package
1721 =item A Method is Simply a Subroutine
1723 =item Method Invocation
1725 =item Default UNIVERSAL methods
1727 isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] )
1735 =item Two-Phased Garbage Collection
1741 =head2 perltie - how to hide an object class in a simple variable
1751 TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, DESTROY this
1755 TIEARRAY classname, LIST, FETCH this, index, STORE this, index, value,
1760 USER, HOME, CLOBBER, LIST, TIEHASH classname, LIST, FETCH this, key, STORE
1761 this, key, value, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, EXISTS this, key, FIRSTKEY
1762 this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, DESTROY this
1764 =item Tying FileHandles
1766 TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, READ this LIST, READLINE this,
1767 GETC this, DESTROY this
1769 =item The C<untie> Gotcha
1779 =head2 perlbot - Bag'o Object Tricks (the BOT)
1783 =item OO SCALING TIPS
1785 =item INSTANCE VARIABLES
1787 =item SCALAR INSTANCE VARIABLES
1789 =item INSTANCE VARIABLE INHERITANCE
1791 =item OBJECT RELATIONSHIPS
1793 =item OVERRIDING SUPERCLASS METHODS
1795 =item USING RELATIONSHIP WITH SDBM
1797 =item THINKING OF CODE REUSE
1799 =item CLASS CONTEXT AND THE OBJECT
1801 =item INHERITING A CONSTRUCTOR
1805 =head2 perlipc - Perl interprocess communication (signals, fifos, pipes,
1806 safe subprocesses, sockets, and semaphores)
1814 =item Using open() for IPC
1820 =item Background Processes
1822 =item Complete Dissociation of Child from Parent
1824 =item Safe Pipe Opens
1826 =item Bidirectional Communication
1830 =item Sockets: Client/Server Communication
1834 =item Internet TCP Clients and Servers
1836 =item Unix-Domain TCP Clients and Servers
1838 =item UDP: Message Passing
1854 =head2 perldebug - Perl debugging
1858 =item The Perl Debugger
1862 =item Debugger Commands
1864 h [command], p expr, x expr, V [pkg [vars]], X [vars], T, s [expr], n
1865 [expr], E<lt>CRE<gt>, c [line|sub], l, l min+incr, l min-max, l line, l
1866 subname, -, w [line], f filename, /pattern/, ?pattern?, L, S [[!]pattern],
1867 t, t expr, b [line] [condition], b subname [condition], b postpone subname
1868 [condition], b load filename, b compile subname, d [line], D, a [line]
1869 command, A, O [opt[=val]] [opt"val"] [opt?].., C<recallCommand>,
1870 C<ShellBang>, C<pager>, C<tkRunning>, C<signalLevel>, C<warnLevel>,
1871 C<dieLevel>, C<AutoTrace>, C<LineInfo>, C<inhibit_exit>, C<PrintRet>,
1872 C<frame>, C<maxTraceLen>, C<arrayDepth>, C<hashDepth>, C<compactDump>,
1873 C<veryCompact>, C<globPrint>, C<DumpDBFiles>, C<DumpPackages>, C<quote>,
1874 C<HighBit>, C<undefPrint>, C<UsageOnly>, C<TTY>, C<noTTY>, C<ReadLine>,
1875 C<NonStop>, E<lt> [ command ], E<lt>E<lt> command, E<gt> command,
1876 E<gt>E<gt> command, { [ command ], {{ command, ! number, ! -number, !
1877 pattern, !! cmd, H -number, q or ^D, R, |dbcmd, ||dbcmd, = [alias value],
1878 command, m expr, m package
1880 =item Debugger input/output
1882 Prompt, Multiline commands, Stack backtrace, Listing, Frame listing
1884 =item Debugging compile-time statements
1886 =item Debugger Customization
1888 =item Readline Support
1890 =item Editor Support for Debugging
1892 =item The Perl Profiler
1894 =item Debugger support in perl
1896 =item Debugger Internals
1898 =item Other resources
1904 =head2 perldiag - various Perl diagnostics
1908 =head2 perlsec - Perl security
1914 =item Laundering and Detecting Tainted Data
1916 =item Switches On the "#!" Line
1918 =item Cleaning Up Your Path
1922 =item Protecting Your Programs
1926 =head2 perltrap - Perl traps for the unwary
1942 =item Perl4 to Perl5 Traps
1944 Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps, Parsing Traps, Numerical
1945 Traps, General data type traps, Context Traps - scalar, list contexts,
1946 Precedence Traps, General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc,
1947 Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps, OS Traps, DBM Traps, Unclassified Traps
1949 =item Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps
1951 Discontinuance, Deprecation, BugFix, Discontinuance, Discontinuance,
1952 Discontinuance, BugFix, Discontinuance, Discontinuance, BugFix,
1953 Discontinuance, Discontinuance, Deprecation, Discontinuance
1957 Parsing, Parsing, Parsing
1959 =item Numerical Traps
1961 Numerical, Numerical, Numerical
1963 =item General data type traps
1965 (Arrays), (Arrays), (Hashes), (Globs), (Scalar String), (Constants),
1966 (Scalars), (Variable Suicide)
1968 =item Context Traps - scalar, list contexts
1970 (list context), (scalar context), (scalar context), (list, builtin)
1972 =item Precedence Traps
1974 Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence,
1977 =item General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc.
1979 Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular
1980 Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression,
1981 Regular Expression, Regular Expression
1983 =item Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps
1985 (Signals), (Sort Subroutine), warn() won't let you specify a filehandle
1991 =item Interpolation Traps
1993 Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation,
1994 Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation
2000 =item Unclassified Traps
2006 =head2 perlstyle - Perl style guide
2010 =head2 perlpod - plain old documentation
2014 =item Embedding Pods in Perl Modules
2016 =item Common Pod Pitfalls
2022 =head2 perlbook - Perl book information
2026 =head2 perlembed - how to embed perl in your C program
2034 B<Use C from Perl?>, B<Use a Unix program from Perl?>, B<Use Perl from
2035 Perl?>, B<Use C from C?>, B<Use Perl from C?>
2039 =item Compiling your C program
2041 =item Adding a Perl interpreter to your C program
2043 =item Calling a Perl subroutine from your C program
2045 =item Evaluating a Perl statement from your C program
2047 =item Performing Perl pattern matches and substitutions from your C program
2049 =item Fiddling with the Perl stack from your C program
2051 =item Maintaining a persistent interpreter
2053 =item Maintaining multiple interpreter instances
2055 =item Using Perl modules, which themselves use C libraries, from your C
2066 =head2 perlapio - perl's IO abstraction interface.
2072 B<PerlIO *>, B<PerlIO_stdin()>, B<PerlIO_stdout()>, B<PerlIO_stderr()>,
2073 B<PerlIO_open(path, mode)>, B<PerlIO_fdopen(fd,mode)>,
2074 B<PerlIO_printf(f,fmt,...)>, B<PerlIO_vprintf(f,fmt,a)>,
2075 B<PerlIO_stdoutf(fmt,...)>, B<PerlIO_read(f,buf,count)>,
2076 B<PerlIO_write(f,buf,count)>, B<PerlIO_close(f)>, B<PerlIO_puts(s,f)>,
2077 B<PerlIO_putc(c,f)>, B<PerlIO_ungetc(c,f)>, B<PerlIO_getc(f)>,
2078 B<PerlIO_eof(f)>, B<PerlIO_error(f)>, B<PerlIO_fileno(f)>,
2079 B<PerlIO_clearerr(f)>, B<PerlIO_flush(f)>, B<PerlIO_tell(f)>,
2080 B<PerlIO_seek(f,o,w)>, B<PerlIO_getpos(f,p)>, B<PerlIO_setpos(f,p)>,
2081 B<PerlIO_rewind(f)>, B<PerlIO_tmpfile()>
2085 =item Co-existence with stdio
2087 B<PerlIO_importFILE(f,flags)>, B<PerlIO_exportFILE(f,flags)>,
2088 B<PerlIO_findFILE(f)>, B<PerlIO_releaseFILE(p,f)>, B<PerlIO_setlinebuf(f)>,
2089 B<PerlIO_has_cntptr(f)>, B<PerlIO_get_ptr(f)>, B<PerlIO_get_cnt(f)>,
2090 B<PerlIO_canset_cnt(f)>, B<PerlIO_fast_gets(f)>,
2091 B<PerlIO_set_ptrcnt(f,p,c)>, B<PerlIO_set_cnt(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_has_base(f)>,
2092 B<PerlIO_get_base(f)>, B<PerlIO_get_bufsiz(f)>
2096 =head2 perlxs - XS language reference manual
2106 =item The Anatomy of an XSUB
2108 =item The Argument Stack
2110 =item The RETVAL Variable
2112 =item The MODULE Keyword
2114 =item The PACKAGE Keyword
2116 =item The PREFIX Keyword
2118 =item The OUTPUT: Keyword
2120 =item The CODE: Keyword
2122 =item The INIT: Keyword
2124 =item The NO_INIT Keyword
2126 =item Initializing Function Parameters
2128 =item Default Parameter Values
2130 =item The PREINIT: Keyword
2132 =item The SCOPE: Keyword
2134 =item The INPUT: Keyword
2136 =item Variable-length Parameter Lists
2138 =item The PPCODE: Keyword
2140 =item Returning Undef And Empty Lists
2142 =item The REQUIRE: Keyword
2144 =item The CLEANUP: Keyword
2146 =item The BOOT: Keyword
2148 =item The VERSIONCHECK: Keyword
2150 =item The PROTOTYPES: Keyword
2152 =item The PROTOTYPE: Keyword
2154 =item The ALIAS: Keyword
2156 =item The INCLUDE: Keyword
2158 =item The CASE: Keyword
2160 =item The & Unary Operator
2162 =item Inserting Comments and C Preprocessor Directives
2164 =item Using XS With C++
2166 =item Interface Strategy
2168 =item Perl Objects And C Structures
2180 =head2 perlxstut, perlXStut - Tutorial for XSUBs
2186 =item VERSION CAVEAT
2188 =item DYNAMIC VERSUS STATIC
2194 =item WHAT HAS GONE ON?
2196 =item WRITING GOOD TEST SCRIPTS
2200 =item WHAT'S NEW HERE?
2202 =item INPUT AND OUTPUT PARAMETERS
2204 =item THE XSUBPP COMPILER
2206 =item THE TYPEMAP FILE
2212 =item WHAT HAS HAPPENED HERE?
2214 =item SPECIFYING ARGUMENTS TO XSUBPP
2216 =item THE ARGUMENT STACK
2218 =item EXTENDING YOUR EXTENSION
2220 =item DOCUMENTING YOUR EXTENSION
2222 =item INSTALLING YOUR EXTENSION
2232 =head2 perlguts - Perl's Internal Functions
2242 =item What is an "IV"?
2244 =item Working with SVs
2246 =item What's Really Stored in an SV?
2248 =item Working with AVs
2250 =item Working with HVs
2252 =item Hash API Extensions
2256 =item Blessed References and Class Objects
2258 =item Creating New Variables
2260 =item Reference Counts and Mortality
2262 =item Stashes and Globs
2264 =item Double-Typed SVs
2266 =item Magic Variables
2268 =item Assigning Magic
2270 =item Magic Virtual Tables
2280 =item XSUBs and the Argument Stack
2282 =item Calling Perl Routines from within C Programs
2284 =item Memory Allocation
2288 =item Putting a C value on Perl stack
2292 =item Scratchpads and recursion
2302 =item Examining the tree
2304 =item Compile pass 1: check routines
2306 =item Compile pass 1a: constant folding
2308 =item Compile pass 2: context propagation
2310 =item Compile pass 3: peephole optimization
2316 AvFILL, av_clear, av_extend, av_fetch, av_len, av_make, av_pop, av_push,
2317 av_shift, av_store, av_undef, av_unshift, CLASS, Copy, croak, CvSTASH,
2318 DBsingle, DBsub, DBtrace, dMARK, dORIGMARK, dowarn, dSP, dXSARGS, dXSI32,
2319 dXSI32, ENTER, EXTEND, FREETMPS, G_ARRAY, G_DISCARD, G_EVAL, GIMME,
2320 GIMME_V, G_NOARGS, G_SCALAR, G_VOID, gv_fetchmeth, gv_fetchmethod,
2321 gv_stashpv, gv_stashsv, GvSV, HEf_SVKEY, HeHASH, HeKEY, HeKLEN, HePV,
2322 HeSVKEY, HeSVKEY_force, HeSVKEY_set, HeVAL, hv_clear, hv_delayfree_ent,
2323 hv_delete, hv_delete_ent, hv_exists, hv_exists_ent, hv_fetch, hv_fetch_ent,
2324 hv_free_ent, hv_iterinit, hv_iterkey, hv_iterkeysv, hv_iternext,
2325 hv_iternextsv, hv_iterval, hv_magic, HvNAME, hv_store, hv_store_ent,
2326 hv_undef, isALNUM, isALPHA, isDIGIT, isLOWER, isSPACE, isUPPER, items, ix,
2327 LEAVE, MARK, mg_clear, mg_copy, mg_find, mg_free, mg_get, mg_len,
2328 mg_magical, mg_set, Move, na, New, Newc, Newz, newAV, newHV, newRV_inc,
2329 newRV_noinc, newSV, newSViv, newSVnv, newSVpv, newSVrv, newSVsv, newXS,
2330 newXSproto, Nullav, Nullch, Nullcv, Nullhv, Nullsv, ORIGMARK, perl_alloc,
2331 perl_call_argv, perl_call_method, perl_call_pv, perl_call_sv,
2332 perl_construct, perl_destruct, perl_eval_sv, perl_free, perl_get_av,
2333 perl_get_cv, perl_get_hv, perl_get_sv, perl_parse, perl_require_pv,
2334 perl_run, POPi, POPl, POPp, POPn, POPs, PUSHMARK, PUSHi, PUSHn, PUSHp,
2335 PUSHs, PUTBACK, Renew, Renewc, RETVAL, safefree, safemalloc, saferealloc,
2336 savepv, savepvn, SAVETMPS, SP, SPAGAIN, ST, strEQ, strGE, strGT, strLE,
2337 strLT, strNE, strnEQ, strnNE, sv_2mortal, sv_bless, sv_catpv, sv_catpvn,
2338 sv_catsv, sv_cmp, sv_cmp, SvCUR, SvCUR_set, sv_dec, sv_dec, SvEND, sv_eq,
2339 SvGROW, sv_grow, sv_inc, SvIOK, SvIOK_off, SvIOK_on, SvIOK_only,
2340 SvIOK_only, SvIOKp, sv_isa, SvIV, sv_isobject, SvIVX, SvLEN, sv_len,
2341 sv_len, sv_magic, sv_mortalcopy, SvOK, sv_newmortal, sv_no, SvNIOK,
2342 SvNIOK_off, SvNIOKp, SvNOK, SvNOK_off, SvNOK_on, SvNOK_only, SvNOK_only,
2343 SvNOKp, SvNV, SvNVX, SvPOK, SvPOK_off, SvPOK_on, SvPOK_only, SvPOK_only,
2344 SvPOKp, SvPV, SvPVX, SvREFCNT, SvREFCNT_dec, SvREFCNT_inc, SvROK,
2345 SvROK_off, SvROK_on, SvRV, sv_setiv, sv_setnv, sv_setpv, sv_setpvn,
2346 sv_setref_iv, sv_setref_nv, sv_setref_pv, sv_setref_pvn, sv_setsv, SvSTASH,
2347 SVt_IV, SVt_PV, SVt_PVAV, SVt_PVCV, SVt_PVHV, SVt_PVMG, SVt_NV, SvTRUE,
2348 SvTYPE, svtype, SvUPGRADE, sv_upgrade, sv_undef, sv_unref, sv_usepvn,
2349 sv_yes, THIS, toLOWER, toUPPER, warn, XPUSHi, XPUSHn, XPUSHp, XPUSHs, XS,
2350 XSRETURN, XSRETURN_EMPTY, XSRETURN_IV, XSRETURN_NO, XSRETURN_NV,
2351 XSRETURN_PV, XSRETURN_UNDEF, XSRETURN_YES, XST_mIV, XST_mNV, XST_mNO,
2352 XST_mPV, XST_mUNDEF, XST_mYES, XS_VERSION, XS_VERSION_BOOTCHECK, Zero
2358 =head2 perlcall - Perl calling conventions from C
2362 An Error Handler, An Event Driven Program
2364 =item THE PERL_CALL FUNCTIONS
2366 B<perl_call_sv>, B<perl_call_pv>, B<perl_call_method>, B<perl_call_argv>
2386 =item Determining the Context
2390 =item KNOWN PROBLEMS
2396 =item No Parameters, Nothing returned
2398 =item Passing Parameters
2400 =item Returning a Scalar
2402 =item Returning a list of values
2404 =item Returning a list in a scalar context
2406 =item Returning Data from Perl via the parameter list
2410 =item Using G_KEEPERR
2412 =item Using perl_call_sv
2414 =item Using perl_call_argv
2416 =item Using perl_call_method
2420 =item Using Perl to dispose of temporaries
2422 =item Strategies for storing Callback Context Information
2424 1. Ignore the problem - Allow only 1 callback, 2. Create a sequence of
2425 callbacks - hard wired limit, 3. Use a parameter to map to the Perl
2428 =item Alternate Stack Manipulation
2438 =head1 PRAGMA DOCUMENTATION
2440 =head2 autouse - postpone load of modules until a function is used
2454 =head2 blib - Use MakeMaker's uninstalled version of a package
2464 =head2 constant - Perl pragma to declare constants
2472 =item TECHNICAL NOTE
2480 =head2 diagnostics - Perl compiler pragma to force verbose warning
2489 =item The C<diagnostics> Pragma
2491 =item The I<splain> Program
2503 =head2 integer - Perl pragma to compute arithmetic in integer instead of
2510 =head2 less - perl pragma to request less of something from the compiler
2516 =head2 lib - manipulate @INC at compile time
2524 =item ADDING DIRECTORIES TO @INC
2526 =item DELETING DIRECTORIES FROM @INC
2528 =item RESTORING ORIGINAL @INC
2536 =head2 locale - Perl pragma to use and avoid POSIX locales for built-in
2543 =head2 ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when compiling
2551 =head2 overload - Package for overloading perl operations
2555 =item CAVEAT SCRIPTOR
2561 =item Declaration of overloaded functions
2563 =item Calling Conventions for Binary Operations
2565 FALSE, TRUE, C<undef>
2567 =item Calling Conventions for Unary Operations
2569 =item Overloadable Operations
2571 I<Arithmetic operations>, I<Comparison operations>, I<Bit operations>,
2572 I<Increment and decrement>, I<Transcendental functions>, I<Boolean, string
2573 and numeric conversion>, I<Special>
2575 =item Inheritance and overloading
2577 Strings as values of C<use overload> directive, Overloading of an operation
2578 is inherited by derived classes
2582 =item SPECIAL SYMBOLS FOR C<use overload>
2590 C<undef>, TRUE, defined, but FALSE
2592 =item Copy Constructor
2598 =item MAGIC AUTOGENERATION
2600 I<Assignment forms of arithmetic operations>, I<Conversion operations>,
2601 I<Increment and decrement>, C<abs($a)>, I<Unary minus>, I<Negation>,
2602 I<Concatenation>, I<Comparison operations>, I<Copy operator>
2606 =item Run-time Overloading
2608 =item Public functions
2610 overload::StrVal(arg), overload::Overloaded(arg), overload::Method(obj,op)
2612 =item IMPLEMENTATION
2620 =head2 sigtrap - Perl pragma to enable simple signal handling
2630 =item SIGNAL HANDLERS
2632 B<stack-trace>, B<die>, B<handler> I<your-handler>
2636 B<normal-signals>, B<error-signals>, B<old-interface-signals>
2640 B<untrapped>, B<any>, I<signal>, I<number>
2646 =head2 strict - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe constructs
2652 C<strict refs>, C<strict vars>, C<strict subs>
2654 =head2 subs - Perl pragma to predeclare sub names
2660 =head2 vars - Perl pragma to predeclare global variable names
2666 =head1 MODULE DOCUMENTATION
2668 =head2 AnyDBM_File - provide framework for multiple DBMs
2676 =item DBM Comparisons
2684 =head2 AutoLoader - load functions only on demand
2696 =item Package Lexicals
2698 =item AutoLoader vs. SelfLoader
2704 =head2 AutoSplit - split a package for autoloading
2714 =head2 Benchmark - benchmark running times of code
2726 =item Standard Exports
2728 timeit(COUNT, CODE), timethis ( COUNT, CODE, [ TITLE, [ STYLE ]] ),
2729 timethese ( COUNT, CODEHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), timediff ( T1, T2 ), timestr (
2730 TIMEDIFF, [ STYLE, [ FORMAT ]] )
2732 =item Optional Exports
2734 clearcache ( COUNT ), clearallcache ( ), disablecache ( ), enablecache ( )
2746 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
2748 =head2 Bundle::CPAN - A bundle to play with all the other modules on CPAN
2758 =head2 CGI - Simple Common Gateway Interface Class
2768 =item CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT:
2770 =item CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT FROM AN INPUT FILE
2772 =item FETCHING A LIST OF KEYWORDS FROM THE QUERY:
2774 =item FETCHING THE NAMES OF ALL THE PARAMETERS PASSED TO YOUR SCRIPT:
2776 =item FETCHING THE VALUE OR VALUES OF A SINGLE NAMED PARAMETER:
2778 =item SETTING THE VALUE(S) OF A NAMED PARAMETER:
2780 =item APPENDING ADDITIONAL VALUES TO A NAMED PARAMETER:
2782 =item IMPORTING ALL PARAMETERS INTO A NAMESPACE:
2784 =item DELETING A PARAMETER COMPLETELY:
2786 =item DELETING ALL PARAMETERS:
2788 =item SAVING THE STATE OF THE FORM TO A FILE:
2790 =item CREATING A SELF-REFERENCING URL THAT PRESERVES STATE INFORMATION:
2792 =item COMPATIBILITY WITH CGI-LIB.PL
2794 =item CALLING CGI FUNCTIONS THAT TAKE MULTIPLE ARGUMENTS
2796 =item CREATING THE HTTP HEADER:
2798 =item GENERATING A REDIRECTION INSTRUCTION
2800 =item CREATING THE HTML HEADER:
2802 B<Parameters:>, 4, 5, 6..
2804 =item ENDING THE HTML DOCUMENT:
2808 =item CREATING FORMS:
2812 =item CREATING AN ISINDEX TAG
2814 =item STARTING AND ENDING A FORM
2816 B<application/x-www-form-urlencoded>, B<multipart/form-data>
2818 =item CREATING A TEXT FIELD
2822 =item CREATING A BIG TEXT FIELD
2824 =item CREATING A PASSWORD FIELD
2826 =item CREATING A FILE UPLOAD FIELD
2830 =item CREATING A POPUP MENU
2832 =item CREATING A SCROLLING LIST
2836 =item CREATING A GROUP OF RELATED CHECKBOXES
2840 =item CREATING A STANDALONE CHECKBOX
2844 =item CREATING A RADIO BUTTON GROUP
2848 =item CREATING A SUBMIT BUTTON
2852 =item CREATING A RESET BUTTON
2854 =item CREATING A DEFAULT BUTTON
2856 =item CREATING A HIDDEN FIELD
2860 =item CREATING A CLICKABLE IMAGE BUTTON
2862 B<Parameters:>, 3.The third option (-align, optional) is an alignment type,
2864 TOP, BOTTOM or MIDDLE
2866 =item CREATING A JAVASCRIPT ACTION BUTTON
2870 =item NETSCAPE COOKIES
2872 1. an expiration time, 2. a domain, 3. a path, 4. a "secure" flag,
2873 B<-name>, B<-value>, B<-path>, B<-domain>, B<-expires>, B<-secure>
2875 =item WORKING WITH NETSCAPE FRAMES
2877 1. Create a <Frameset> document, 2. Specify the destination for the
2878 document in the HTTP header, 3. Specify the destination for the document in
2885 =item DUMPING OUT ALL THE NAME/VALUE PAIRS
2889 =item FETCHING ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
2891 B<accept()>, B<raw_cookie()>, B<user_agent()>, B<path_info()>,
2892 B<path_translated()>, B<remote_host()>, B<script_name()>Return the script
2893 name as a partial URL, for self-refering
2894 scripts, B<referer()>, B<auth_type ()>, B<server_name ()>, B<virtual_host
2895 ()>, B<server_software ()>, B<remote_user ()>, B<user_name ()>,
2898 =item CREATING HTML ELEMENTS:
2902 =item PROVIDING ARGUMENTS TO HTML SHORTCUTS
2904 =item Generating new HTML tags
2908 =item IMPORTING CGI METHOD CALLS INTO YOUR NAME SPACE
2910 B<cgi>, B<form>, B<html2>, B<html3>, B<netscape>, B<shortcuts>,
2913 =item USING NPH SCRIPTS
2915 In the B<use> statementSimply add ":nph" to the list of symbols to be
2916 imported into your script:, By calling the B<nph()> method:, By using
2917 B<-nph> parameters in the B<header()> and B<redirect()> statements:
2919 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
2923 Matt Heffron (heffron@falstaff.css.beckman.com), James Taylor
2924 (james.taylor@srs.gov), Scott Anguish <sanguish@digifix.com>, Mike Jewell
2925 (mlj3u@virginia.edu), Timothy Shimmin (tes@kbs.citri.edu.au), Joergen Haegg
2926 (jh@axis.se), Laurent Delfosse (delfosse@csgrad1.cs.wvu.edu), Richard
2927 Resnick (applepi1@aol.com), Craig Bishop (csb@barwonwater.vic.gov.au), Tony
2928 Curtis (tc@vcpc.univie.ac.at), Tim Bunce (Tim.Bunce@ig.co.uk), Tom
2929 Christiansen (tchrist@convex.com), Andreas Koenig
2930 (k@franz.ww.TU-Berlin.DE), Tim MacKenzie (Tim.MacKenzie@fulcrum.com.au),
2931 Kevin B. Hendricks (kbhend@dogwood.tyler.wm.edu), Stephen Dahmen
2932 (joyfire@inxpress.net), Ed Jordan (ed@fidalgo.net), David Alan Pisoni
2933 (david@cnation.com), ...and many many more..
2935 =item A COMPLETE EXAMPLE OF A SIMPLE FORM-BASED SCRIPT
2941 =head2 CGI::Apache - Make things work with CGI.pm against Perl-Apache API
2953 =head2 CGI::Carp, B<CGI::Carp> - CGI routines for writing to the HTTPD (or
2960 =item REDIRECTING ERROR MESSAGES
2962 =item MAKING PERL ERRORS APPEAR IN THE BROWSER WINDOW
2970 =head2 CGI::Fast - CGI Interface for Fast CGI
2976 =item OTHER PIECES OF THE PUZZLE
2978 =item WRITING FASTCGI PERL SCRIPTS
2980 =item INSTALLING FASTCGI SCRIPTS
2982 =item USING FASTCGI SCRIPTS AS CGI SCRIPTS
2986 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
2992 =head2 CGI::Push - Simple Interface to Server Push
2998 =item USING CGI::Push
3000 -last_page, -type, -delay, -cookie, -target, -expires
3002 =item INSTALLING CGI::Push SCRIPTS
3006 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
3012 =head2 CGI::Switch - Try more than one constructors and return the first
3023 =head2 CPAN - query, download and build perl modules from CPAN sites
3031 =item Interactive Mode
3033 Searching for authors, bundles, distribution files and modules, make, test,
3034 install, clean modules or distributions, readme, look module or
3043 =item ProgrammerE<39>s interface
3053 =item Floppy, Zip, and all that Jazz
3059 o conf E<lt>scalar optionE<gt>, o conf E<lt>scalar optionE<gt>
3060 E<lt>valueE<gt>, o conf E<lt>list optionE<gt>, o conf E<lt>list optionE<gt>
3061 [shift|pop], o conf E<lt>list optionE<gt> [unshift|push|splice]
3074 =head2 CPAN::FirstTime - Utility for CPAN::Config file Initialization
3080 =head2 CPANox, CPAN::Nox - Wrapper around CPAN.pm without using any XS
3089 =head2 Carp, carp - warn of errors (from perspective of caller)
3095 =head2 Class::Template - struct/member template builder
3103 Example 1, Example 2
3107 =head2 Config - access Perl configuration information
3113 myconfig(), config_sh(), config_vars(@names)
3121 =head2 Cwd, getcwd - get pathname of current working directory
3127 =head2 DB_File - Perl5 access to Berkeley DB
3133 B<DB_HASH>, B<DB_BTREE>, B<DB_RECNO>
3137 =item Interface to Berkeley DB
3139 =item Opening a Berkeley DB Database File
3141 =item Default Parameters
3143 =item In Memory Databases
3151 =item A Simple Example
3159 =item Changing the BTREE sort order
3161 =item Handling Duplicate Keys
3163 =item The get_dup() Method
3165 =item Matching Partial Keys
3173 =item The 'bval' Option
3175 =item A Simple Example
3179 B<$X-E<gt>push(list) ;>, B<$value = $X-E<gt>pop ;>, B<$X-E<gt>shift>,
3180 B<$X-E<gt>unshift(list) ;>, B<$X-E<gt>length>
3182 =item Another Example
3186 =item THE API INTERFACE
3188 B<$status = $X-E<gt>get($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status =
3189 $X-E<gt>put($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>del($key [,
3190 $flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>fd ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>seq($key,
3191 $value, $flags) ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>sync([$flags]) ;>
3193 =item HINTS AND TIPS
3197 =item Locking Databases
3199 =item Sharing Databases With C Applications
3201 =item The untie() Gotcha
3205 =item COMMON QUESTIONS
3209 =item Why is there Perl source in my database?
3211 =item How do I store complex data structures with DB_File?
3213 =item What does "Invalid Argument" mean?
3215 =item What does "Bareword 'DB_File' not allowed" mean?
3229 =head2 Devel::SelfStubber - generate stubs for a SelfLoading module
3235 =head2 DirHandle - supply object methods for directory handles
3241 =head2 DynaLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code
3247 @dl_library_path, @dl_resolve_using, @dl_require_symbols, @dl_librefs,
3248 @dl_modules, dl_error(), $dl_debug, dl_findfile(), dl_expandspec(),
3249 dl_load_file(), dl_loadflags(), dl_find_symbol(),
3250 dl_find_symbol_anywhere(), dl_undef_symbols(), dl_install_xsub(),
3255 =head2 English - use nice English (or awk) names for ugly punctuation
3262 =head2 Env - perl module that imports environment variables
3270 =head2 Exporter - Implements default import method for modules
3278 =item Selecting What To Export
3280 =item Specialised Import Lists
3282 =item Module Version Checking
3284 =item Managing Unknown Symbols
3286 =item Tag Handling Utility Functions
3290 =head2 ExtUtils::Command - utilities to replace common UNIX commands in
3297 cat, eqtime src dst, rm_f files..., rm_f files..., touch files .., mv
3298 source... destination, cp source... destination, chmod mode files.., mkpath
3299 directory.., test_f file
3307 =head2 ExtUtils::Embed - Utilities for embedding Perl in C/C++ applications
3317 xsinit(), Examples, ldopts(), Examples, perl_inc(), ccflags(), ccdlflags(),
3318 ccopts(), xsi_header(), xsi_protos(@modules), xsi_body(@modules)
3326 =head2 ExtUtils::Install - install files from here to there
3332 =head2 ExtUtils::Liblist - determine libraries to use and how to use them
3338 For static extensions, For dynamic extensions, For dynamic extensions
3344 =item LDLOADLIBS and LD_RUN_PATH
3354 =item VMS implementation
3360 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_OS2 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
3367 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Unix - methods used by ExtUtils::MakeMaker
3377 =item Preloaded methods
3379 canonpath, catdir, catfile, curdir, rootdir, updir
3381 =item SelfLoaded methods
3383 c_o (o), cflags (o), clean (o), const_cccmd (o), const_config (o),
3384 const_loadlibs (o), constants (o), depend (o), dir_target (o), dist (o),
3385 dist_basics (o), dist_ci (o), dist_core (o), dist_dir (o), dist_test (o),
3386 dlsyms (o), dynamic (o), dynamic_bs (o), dynamic_lib (o), exescan,
3387 extliblist, file_name_is_absolute, find_perl
3389 =item Methods to actually produce chunks of text for the Makefile
3391 force (o), guess_name, has_link_code, init_dirscan, init_main, init_others,
3392 install (o), installbin (o), libscan (o), linkext (o), lsdir, macro (o),
3393 makeaperl (o), makefile (o), manifypods (o), maybe_command,
3394 maybe_command_in_dirs, needs_linking (o), nicetext, parse_version, pasthru
3395 (o), path, perl_script, perldepend (o), pm_to_blib, post_constants (o),
3396 post_initialize (o), postamble (o), prefixify, processPL (o), realclean
3397 (o), replace_manpage_separator, static (o), static_lib (o), staticmake (o),
3398 subdir_x (o), subdirs (o), test (o), test_via_harness (o), test_via_script
3399 (o), tool_autosplit (o), tools_other (o), tool_xsubpp (o), top_targets (o),
3400 writedoc, xs_c (o), xs_o (o), perl_archive, export_list
3406 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_VMS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
3415 =item Methods always loaded
3417 eliminate_macros, fixpath, catdir, catfile, wraplist, curdir (override),
3418 rootdir (override), updir (override)
3420 =item SelfLoaded methods
3422 guess_name (override), find_perl (override), path (override), maybe_command
3423 (override), maybe_command_in_dirs (override), perl_script (override),
3424 file_name_is_absolute (override), replace_manpage_separator, init_others
3425 (override), constants (override), cflags (override), const_cccmd
3426 (override), pm_to_blib (override), tool_autosplit (override), tool_sxubpp
3427 (override), xsubpp_version (override), tools_other (override), dist
3428 (override), c_o (override), xs_c (override), xs_o (override), top_targets
3429 (override), dlsyms (override), dynamic_lib (override), dynamic_bs
3430 (override), static_lib (override), manifypods (override), processPL
3431 (override), installbin (override), subdir_x (override), clean (override),
3432 realclean (override), dist_basics (override), dist_core (override),
3433 dist_dir (override), dist_test (override), install (override), perldepend
3434 (override), makefile (override), test (override), test_via_harness
3435 (override), test_via_script (override), makeaperl (override), nicetext
3440 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Win32 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
3447 catfile, static_lib (o), dynamic_lib (o), canonpath, perl_script,
3448 pm_to_blib, test_via_harness (o), tool_autosplit (override), tools_other
3449 (o), manifypods (o), dist_ci (o), dist_core (o), pasthru (o)
3451 =head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker - create an extension Makefile
3459 =item How To Write A Makefile.PL
3461 =item Default Makefile Behaviour
3469 =item PREFIX and LIB attribute
3473 =item Static Linking of a new Perl Binary
3475 =item Determination of Perl Library and Installation Locations
3477 =item Which architecture dependent directory?
3479 =item Using Attributes and Parameters
3481 C, CONFIG, CONFIGURE, DEFINE, DIR, DISTNAME, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS,
3482 EXCLUDE_EXT, EXE_FILES, NO_VC, FIRST_MAKEFILE, FULLPERL, H, INC,
3483 INCLUDE_EXT, INSTALLARCHLIB, INSTALLBIN, INSTALLDIRS, INSTALLMAN1DIR,
3484 INSTALLMAN3DIR, INSTALLPRIVLIB, INSTALLSCRIPT, INSTALLSITELIB,
3485 INSTALLSITEARCH, INST_ARCHLIB, INST_BIN, INST_EXE, INST_LIB, INST_MAN1DIR,
3486 INST_MAN3DIR, INST_SCRIPT, LDFROM, LIBPERL_A, LIB, LIBS, LINKTYPE,
3487 MAKEAPERL, MAKEFILE, MAN1PODS, MAN3PODS, MAP_TARGET, MYEXTLIB, NAME,
3488 NEEDS_LINKING, NOECHO, NORECURS, OBJECT, OPTIMIZE, PERL, PERLMAINCC,
3489 PERL_ARCHLIB, PERL_LIB, PERL_SRC, PL_FILES, PM, PMLIBDIRS, PREFIX,
3490 PREREQ_PM, SKIP, TYPEMAPS, VERSION, VERSION_FROM, XS, XSOPT, XSPROTOARG,
3493 =item Additional lowercase attributes
3495 clean, depend, dist, dynamic_lib, installpm, linkext, macro, realclean,
3498 =item Overriding MakeMaker Methods
3500 =item Hintsfile support
3502 =item Distribution Support
3504 make distcheck, make skipcheck, make distclean, make manifest,
3505 make distdir, make tardist, make dist, make uutardist, make
3506 shdist, make zipdist, make ci
3514 =head2 ExtUtils::Manifest - utilities to write and check a MANIFEST file
3524 =item GLOBAL VARIABLES
3528 C<Not in MANIFEST:> I<file>, C<No such file:> I<file>, C<MANIFEST:> I<$!>,
3529 C<Added to MANIFEST:> I<file>
3535 =head2 ExtUtils::Miniperl, writemain - write the C code for perlmain.c
3543 =head2 ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap - make a bootstrap file for use by DynaLoader
3549 =head2 ExtUtils::Mksymlists - write linker options files for dynamic
3556 NAME, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, FILE, FUNCLIST, DLBASE
3562 =head2 ExtUtils::testlib - add blib/* directories to @INC
3568 =head2 Fcntl - load the C Fcntl.h defines
3576 =item EXPORTED SYMBOLS
3578 =head2 File::Basename, fileparse - split a pathname into pieces
3584 fileparse_set_fstype, fileparse
3588 C<basename>, C<dirname>
3590 =head2 File::CheckTree, validate - run many filetest checks on a tree
3596 =head2 File::Compare - Compare files or filehandles
3606 =head2 File::Copy - Copy files or filehandles
3614 =item Special behavior if C<syscopy> is defined (VMS and OS/2)
3616 rmscopy($from,$to[,$date_flag])
3624 =head2 File::Find, find - traverse a file tree
3630 =head2 File::Path - create or remove a series of directories
3640 =head2 File::stat - by-name interface to Perl's built-in stat() functions
3650 =head2 FileCache - keep more files open than the system permits
3658 =head2 FileHandle - supply object methods for filehandles
3664 $fh->print, $fh->printf, $fh->getline, $fh->getlines
3668 =head2 FindBin - Locate directory of original perl script
3674 =item EXPORTABLE VARIABLES
3684 =head2 GDBM_File - Perl5 access to the gdbm library.
3696 =head2 Getopt::Long, GetOptions - extended processing of command line
3703 E<lt>noneE<gt>, !, =s, :s, =i, :i, =f, :f
3707 =item Linkage specification
3709 =item Aliases and abbreviations
3711 =item Non-option call-back routine
3713 =item Option starters
3723 =item CONFIGURATION OPTIONS
3725 default, auto_abbrev, getopt_compat, require_order, permute, bundling
3726 (default: reset), bundling_override (default: reset), ignore_case
3727 (default: set), ignore_case_always (default: reset), pass_through (default:
3728 reset), debug (default: reset)
3730 =item OTHER USEFUL VARIABLES
3732 $Getopt::Long::VERSION, $Getopt::Long::error
3734 =head2 Getopt::Std, getopt - Process single-character switches with switch
3741 =head2 I18N::Collate - compare 8-bit scalar data according to the current
3748 =head2 IO - load various IO modules
3754 =head2 IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles
3762 new ([ ARGS ] ), new_tmpfile
3766 open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] )
3772 =head2 IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O handles
3780 new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE )
3784 $fh->getline, $fh->getlines, $fh->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $fh->write ( BUF,
3785 LEN [, OFFSET }\] ), $fh->opened, $fh->untaint
3795 =head2 IO::Pipe, IO::pipe - supply object methods for pipes
3803 new ( [READER, WRITER] )
3807 reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles ()
3815 =head2 IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for I/O objects
3825 =head2 IO::Select - OO interface to the select system call
3837 add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read (
3838 [ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_error ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), count
3839 (), bits(), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, ERROR [, TIMEOUT ] )
3847 =head2 IO::Socket - Object interface to socket communications
3859 accept([PKG]), timeout([VAL]), sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), sockdomain, socktype,
3866 =item IO::Socket::INET
3870 sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost
3873 =item IO::Socket::UNIX
3877 hostpath(), peerpath()
3887 =head2 IO::lib::IO::File, IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles
3895 new ([ ARGS ] ), new_tmpfile
3899 open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] )
3905 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Handle, IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O
3914 new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE )
3918 $fh->getline, $fh->getlines, $fh->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $fh->write ( BUF,
3919 LEN [, OFFSET }\] ), $fh->opened, $fh->untaint
3929 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Pipe, IO::pipe - supply object methods for pipes
3937 new ( [READER, WRITER] )
3941 reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles ()
3949 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Seekable, IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for
3960 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Select, IO::Select - OO interface to the select system
3973 add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read (
3974 [ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_error ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), count
3975 (), bits(), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, ERROR [, TIMEOUT ] )
3983 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket, IO::Socket - Object interface to socket
3996 accept([PKG]), timeout([VAL]), sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), sockdomain, socktype,
4003 =item IO::Socket::INET
4007 sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost
4010 =item IO::Socket::UNIX
4014 hostpath(), peerpath()
4024 =head2 IPC::Open2, open2 - open a process for both reading and writing
4034 =head2 IPC::Open3, open3 - open a process for reading, writing, and error
4043 =head2 Math::BigFloat - Arbitrary length float math package
4049 number format, Error returns 'NaN', Division is computed to
4055 =head2 Math::BigInt - Arbitrary size integer math package
4061 Canonical notation, Input, Output
4069 =head2 Math::Complex - complex numbers and associated mathematical
4080 =item STRINGIFICATION
4088 =head2 NDBM_File - Tied access to ndbm files
4094 =head2 Net::Ping - check a remote host for reachability
4104 Net::Ping->new([$proto [, $def_timeout [, $bytes]]]);, $p->ping($host [,
4105 $timeout]);, $p->close();, pingecho($host [, $timeout]);
4113 =head2 Net::hostent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gethost*()
4126 =head2 Net::netent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getnet*()
4139 =head2 Net::protoent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getproto*()
4150 =head2 Net::servent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getserv*()
4163 =head2 ODBM_File - Tied access to odbm files
4169 =head2 Opcode - Disable named opcodes when compiling perl code
4179 =item Operator Names and Operator Lists
4181 an operator name (opname), an operator tag name (optag), a negated opname
4182 or optag, an operator set (opset)
4184 =item Opcode Functions
4186 opcodes, opset (OP, ...), opset_to_ops (OPSET), opset_to_hex (OPSET),
4187 full_opset, empty_opset, invert_opset (OPSET), verify_opset (OPSET, ...),
4188 define_optag (OPTAG, OPSET), opmask_add (OPSET), opmask, opdesc (OP, ...),
4191 =item Manipulating Opsets
4195 =item Predefined Opcode Tags
4197 :base_core, :base_mem, :base_loop, :base_io, :base_orig, :base_math,
4198 :default, :filesys_read, :sys_db, :browse, :filesys_open, :filesys_write,
4199 :subprocess, :ownprocess, :others, :still_to_be_decided, :dangerous
4205 =head2 Opcode::Safe, Safe - Compile and execute code in restricted
4212 a new namespace, an operator mask
4218 =item RECENT CHANGES
4220 =item Methods in class Safe
4222 permit (OP, ...), permit_only (OP, ...), deny (OP, ...), deny_only (OP,
4223 ...), trap (OP, ...), untrap (OP, ...), share (NAME, ...), share_from
4224 (PACKAGE, ARRAYREF), varglob (VARNAME), reval (STRING), rdo (FILENAME),
4225 root (NAMESPACE), mask (MASK)
4227 =item Some Safety Issues
4229 Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes
4235 =head2 Opcode::ops, ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when
4244 =head2 POSIX - Perl interface to IEEE Std 1003.1
4256 _exit, abort, abs, access, acos, alarm, asctime, asin, assert, atan, atan2,
4257 atexit, atof, atoi, atol, bsearch, calloc, ceil, chdir, chmod, chown,
4258 clearerr, clock, close, closedir, cos, cosh, creat, ctermid, ctime,
4259 cuserid, difftime, div, dup, dup2, errno, execl, execle, execlp, execv,
4260 execve, execvp, exit, exp, fabs, fclose, fcntl, fdopen, feof, ferror,
4261 fflush, fgetc, fgetpos, fgets, fileno, floor, fmod, fopen, fork, fpathconf,
4262 fprintf, fputc, fputs, fread, free, freopen, frexp, fscanf, fseek, fsetpos,
4263 fstat, ftell, fwrite, getc, getchar, getcwd, getegid, getenv, geteuid,
4264 getgid, getgrgid, getgrnam, getgroups, getlogin, getpgrp, getpid, getppid,
4265 getpwnam, getpwuid, gets, getuid, gmtime, isalnum, isalpha, isatty,
4266 iscntrl, isdigit, isgraph, islower, isprint, ispunct, isspace, isupper,
4267 isxdigit, kill, labs, ldexp, ldiv, link, localeconv, localtime, log, log10,
4268 longjmp, lseek, malloc, mblen, mbstowcs, mbtowc, memchr, memcmp, memcpy,
4269 memmove, memset, mkdir, mkfifo, mktime, modf, nice, offsetof, open,
4270 opendir, pathconf, pause, perror, pipe, pow, printf, putc, putchar, puts,
4271 qsort, raise, rand, read, readdir, realloc, remove, rename, rewind,
4272 rewinddir, rmdir, scanf, setgid, setjmp, setlocale, setpgid, setsid,
4273 setuid, sigaction, siglongjmp, sigpending, sigprocmask, sigsetjmp,
4274 sigsuspend, sin, sinh, sleep, sprintf, sqrt, srand, sscanf, stat, strcat,
4275 strchr, strcmp, strcoll, strcpy, strcspn, strerror, strftime, strlen,
4276 strncat, strncmp, strncpy, stroul, strpbrk, strrchr, strspn, strstr,
4277 strtod, strtok, strtol, strtoul, strxfrm, sysconf, system, tan, tanh,
4278 tcdrain, tcflow, tcflush, tcgetpgrp, tcsendbreak, tcsetpgrp, time, times,
4279 tmpfile, tmpnam, tolower, toupper, ttyname, tzname, tzset, umask, uname,
4280 ungetc, unlink, utime, vfprintf, vprintf, vsprintf, wait, waitpid,
4281 wcstombs, wctomb, write
4287 =item POSIX::SigAction
4293 new, addset, delset, emptyset, fillset, ismember
4295 =item POSIX::Termios
4297 new, getattr, getcc, getcflag, getiflag, getispeed, getlflag, getoflag,
4298 getospeed, setattr, setcc, setcflag, setiflag, setispeed, setlflag,
4299 setoflag, setospeed, Baud rate values, Terminal interface values, c_cc
4300 field values, c_cflag field values, c_iflag field values, c_lflag field
4301 values, c_oflag field values
4305 =item PATHNAME CONSTANTS
4309 =item POSIX CONSTANTS
4313 =item SYSTEM CONFIGURATION
4371 =head2 Pod::Html, Pod::HTML - module to convert pod files to HTML
4379 help, htmlroot, infile, outfile, podroot, podpath, libpods, netscape,
4380 nonetscape, index, noindex, recurse, norecurse, title, verbose
4392 =head2 Pod::Text - convert POD data to formatted ASCII text
4402 =head2 SDBM_File - Tied access to sdbm files
4408 =head2 Safe - Compile and execute code in restricted compartments
4414 a new namespace, an operator mask
4420 =item RECENT CHANGES
4422 =item Methods in class Safe
4424 permit (OP, ...), permit_only (OP, ...), deny (OP, ...), deny_only (OP,
4425 ...), trap (OP, ...), untrap (OP, ...), share (NAME, ...), share_from
4426 (PACKAGE, ARRAYREF), varglob (VARNAME), reval (STRING), rdo (FILENAME),
4427 root (NAMESPACE), mask (MASK)
4429 =item Some Safety Issues
4431 Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes
4437 =head2 Search::Dict, look - search for key in dictionary file
4443 =head2 SelectSaver - save and restore selected file handle
4449 =head2 SelfLoader - load functions only on demand
4457 =item The __DATA__ token
4459 =item SelfLoader autoloading
4461 =item Autoloading and package lexicals
4463 =item SelfLoader and AutoLoader
4465 =item __DATA__, __END__, and the FOOBAR::DATA filehandle.
4467 =item Classes and inherited methods.
4471 =item Multiple packages and fully qualified subroutine names
4473 =head2 Shell - run shell commands transparently within perl
4481 =head2 Socket, sockaddr_in, sockaddr_un, inet_aton, inet_ntoa - load the C
4482 socket.h defines and structure manipulators
4488 inet_aton HOSTNAME, inet_ntoa IP_ADDRESS, INADDR_ANY, INADDR_BROADCAST,
4489 INADDR_LOOPBACK, INADDR_NONE, sockaddr_in PORT, ADDRESS, sockaddr_in
4490 SOCKADDR_IN, pack_sockaddr_in PORT, IP_ADDRESS, unpack_sockaddr_in
4491 SOCKADDR_IN, sockaddr_un PATHNAME, sockaddr_un SOCKADDR_UN,
4492 pack_sockaddr_un PATH, unpack_sockaddr_un SOCKADDR_UN
4494 =head2 Symbol - manipulate Perl symbols and their names
4500 =head2 Sys::Hostname - Try every conceivable way to get hostname
4508 =head2 Syslog, Sys::Syslog, openlog, closelog, setlogmask, syslog - Perl
4509 interface to the UNIX syslog(3) calls
4515 openlog $ident, $logopt, $facility, syslog $priority, $format, @args,
4516 setlogmask $mask_priority, closelog
4526 =head2 Term::Cap - Perl termcap interface
4534 =head2 Term::Complete - Perl word completion module
4540 E<lt>tabE<gt>, ^D, ^U, E<lt>delE<gt>, E<lt>bsE<gt>
4548 =head2 Term::ReadLine - Perl interface to various C<readline> packages. If
4549 no real package is found, substitutes stubs instead of basic functions.
4555 =item Minimal set of supported functions
4557 C<ReadLine>, C<new>, C<readline>, C<addhistory>, C<IN>, $C<OUT>,
4558 C<MinLine>, C<findConsole>, Attribs, C<Features>
4560 =item Additional supported functions
4566 =head2 Test::Harness - run perl standard test scripts with statistics
4574 =item The test script output
4582 C<All tests successful.\nFiles=%d, Tests=%d, %s>, C<FAILED tests
4583 %s\n\tFailed %d/%d tests, %.2f%% okay.>, C<Test returned status %d (wstat
4584 %d)>, C<Failed 1 test, %.2f%% okay. %s>, C<Failed %d/%d tests, %.2f%% okay.
4593 =head2 Text::Abbrev, abbrev - create an abbreviation table from a list
4601 =head2 Text::ParseWords - parse text into an array of tokens
4609 =head2 Text::Soundex - Implementation of the Soundex Algorithm as Described
4622 =head2 Text::Tabs -- expand and unexpand tabs per the unix expand(1) and
4633 =head2 Text::Wrap - line wrapping to form simple paragraphs
4645 =head2 Tie::Hash, Tie::StdHash - base class definitions for tied hashes
4651 TIEHASH classname, LIST, STORE this, key, value, FETCH this, key, FIRSTKEY
4652 this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, EXISTS this, key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this
4656 =item MORE INFORMATION
4658 =head2 Tie::RefHash - use references as hash keys
4672 =head2 Tie::Scalar, Tie::StdScalar - base class definitions for tied
4679 TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, DESTROY this
4681 =item MORE INFORMATION
4683 =head2 Tie::SubstrHash - Fixed-table-size, fixed-key-length hashing
4691 =head2 Time::Local - efficiently compute time from local and GMT time
4697 =head2 Time::gmtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gmtime()
4708 =head2 Time::localtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in localtime()
4719 =head2 Time::tm - internal object used by Time::gmtime and Time::localtime
4727 =head2 UNIVERSAL - base class for ALL classes (blessed references)
4733 isa ( TYPE ), can ( METHOD ), VERSION ( [ REQUIRE ] ), isa ( VAL, TYPE ),
4736 =head2 User::grent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getgr*()
4747 =head2 User::pwent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getpw*()
4758 =head1 AUXILIARY DOCUMENTATION
4760 Here should be listed all the extra programs' documentation, but they
4761 don't all have manual pages yet:
4783 Larry Wall <F<larry@wall.org>>, with the help of oodles
projects / p5sagit/p5-mst-13.2.git / blob