2 # !!!!!!! DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE !!!!!!!
3 # This file is autogenerated by buildtoc from all the other pods.
4 # Edit those files and run buildtoc --build-toc to effect changes.
8 perltoc - perl documentation table of contents
12 This page provides a brief table of contents for the rest of the Perl
13 documentation set. It is meant to be scanned quickly or grepped
14 through to locate the proper section you're looking for.
16 =head1 BASIC DOCUMENTATION
18 =head2 perl - Practical Extraction and Report Language
30 =item Reference Manual
32 =item Internals and C Language Interface
36 =item Language-Specific
38 =item Platform-Specific
62 =head2 perlintro -- a brief introduction and overview of Perl
72 =item Running Perl programs
76 =item Basic syntax overview
78 =item Perl variable types
80 Scalars, Arrays, Hashes
82 =item Variable scoping
84 =item Conditional and looping constructs
86 if, while, for, foreach
88 =item Builtin operators and functions
90 Arithmetic, Numeric comparison, String comparison, Boolean logic,
95 =item Regular expressions
97 Simple matching, Simple substitution, More complex regular expressions,
98 Parentheses for capturing, Other regexp features
100 =item Writing subroutines
104 =item Using Perl modules
112 =head2 perlreftut - Mark's very short tutorial about references
118 =item Who Needs Complicated Data Structures?
126 =item Making References
128 =item Using References
146 =item Distribution Conditions
152 =head2 perldsc - Perl Data Structures Cookbook
158 arrays of arrays, hashes of arrays, arrays of hashes, hashes of hashes,
159 more elaborate constructs
162 X<reference> X<dereference> X<dereferencing> X<pointer>
164 =item COMMON MISTAKES
166 =item CAVEAT ON PRECEDENCE
167 X<dereference, precedence> X<dereferencing, precedence>
169 =item WHY YOU SHOULD ALWAYS C<use strict>
172 X<data structure, debugging> X<complex data structure, debugging>
173 X<AoA, debugging> X<HoA, debugging> X<AoH, debugging> X<HoH, debugging>
174 X<array of arrays, debugging> X<hash of arrays, debugging>
175 X<array of hashes, debugging> X<hash of hashes, debugging>
179 =item ARRAYS OF ARRAYS
180 X<array of arrays> X<AoA>
184 =item Declaration of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
186 =item Generation of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
188 =item Access and Printing of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
192 =item HASHES OF ARRAYS
193 X<hash of arrays> X<HoA>
197 =item Declaration of a HASH OF ARRAYS
199 =item Generation of a HASH OF ARRAYS
201 =item Access and Printing of a HASH OF ARRAYS
205 =item ARRAYS OF HASHES
206 X<array of hashes> X<AoH>
210 =item Declaration of an ARRAY OF HASHES
212 =item Generation of an ARRAY OF HASHES
214 =item Access and Printing of an ARRAY OF HASHES
218 =item HASHES OF HASHES
219 X<hass of hashes> X<HoH>
223 =item Declaration of a HASH OF HASHES
225 =item Generation of a HASH OF HASHES
227 =item Access and Printing of a HASH OF HASHES
231 =item MORE ELABORATE RECORDS
232 X<record> X<structure> X<struct>
236 =item Declaration of MORE ELABORATE RECORDS
238 =item Declaration of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS
240 =item Generation of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS
252 =head2 perllol - Manipulating Arrays of Arrays in Perl
260 =item Declaration and Access of Arrays of Arrays
262 =item Growing Your Own
264 =item Access and Printing
276 =head2 perlrequick - Perl regular expressions quick start
286 =item Simple word matching
288 =item Using character classes
290 =item Matching this or that
292 =item Grouping things and hierarchical matching
294 =item Extracting matches
296 =item Matching repetitions
300 =item Search and replace
302 =item The split operator
310 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
314 =item Acknowledgments
320 =head2 perlretut - Perl regular expressions tutorial
326 =item Part 1: The basics
330 =item Simple word matching
332 =item Using character classes
334 =item Matching this or that
336 =item Grouping things and hierarchical matching
338 =item Extracting matches
342 =item Relative backreferences
344 =item Named backreferences
346 =item Alternative capture group numbering
348 =item Position information
350 =item Non-capturing groupings
352 =item Matching repetitions
354 =item Possessive quantifiers
356 =item Building a regexp
358 =item Using regular expressions in Perl
362 =item Part 2: Power tools
366 =item More on characters, strings, and character classes
368 =item Compiling and saving regular expressions
370 =item Composing regular expressions at runtime
372 =item Embedding comments and modifiers in a regular expression
374 =item Looking ahead and looking behind
376 =item Using independent subexpressions to prevent backtracking
378 =item Conditional expressions
380 =item Defining named patterns
382 =item Recursive patterns
384 =item A bit of magic: executing Perl code in a regular expression
386 =item Backtracking control verbs
388 =item Pragmas and debugging
396 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
400 =item Acknowledgments
406 =head2 perlboot - Beginner's Object-Oriented Tutorial
414 =item If we could talk to the animals...
416 =item Introducing the method invocation arrow
418 =item Invoking a barnyard
420 =item The extra parameter of method invocation
422 =item Calling a second method to simplify things
424 =item Inheriting the windpipes
426 =item A few notes about @ISA
428 =item Overriding the methods
430 =item Starting the search from a different place
432 =item The SUPER way of doing things
434 =item Where we're at so far...
436 =item A horse is a horse, of course of course -- or is it?
438 =item Invoking an instance method
440 =item Accessing the instance data
442 =item How to build a horse
444 =item Inheriting the constructor
446 =item Making a method work with either classes or instances
448 =item Adding parameters to a method
450 =item More interesting instances
452 =item A horse of a different color
464 =head2 perltoot - Tom's object-oriented tutorial for perl
470 =item Creating a Class
474 =item Object Representation
476 =item Class Interface
478 =item Constructors and Instance Methods
480 =item Planning for the Future: Better Constructors
484 =item Other Object Methods
492 =item Accessing Class Data
494 =item Debugging Methods
496 =item Class Destructors
498 =item Documenting the Interface
508 =item Overridden Methods
510 =item Multiple Inheritance
512 =item UNIVERSAL: The Root of All Objects
514 =item Deeper UNIVERSAL details
518 =item Alternate Object Representations
522 =item Arrays as Objects
524 =item Closures as Objects
528 =item AUTOLOAD: Proxy Methods
532 =item Autoloaded Data Methods
534 =item Inherited Autoloaded Data Methods
538 =item Metaclassical Tools
544 =item Data Members as Variables
552 =item Object Terminology
558 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
564 =item Acknowledgments
570 =head2 perltooc - Tom's OO Tutorial for Class Data in Perl
576 =item Class Data in a Can
578 =item Class Data as Package Variables
582 =item Putting All Your Eggs in One Basket
584 =item Inheritance Concerns
586 =item The Eponymous Meta-Object
588 =item Indirect References to Class Data
590 =item Monadic Classes
592 =item Translucent Attributes
596 =item Class Data as Lexical Variables
600 =item Privacy and Responsibility
602 =item File-Scoped Lexicals
604 =item More Inheritance Concerns
606 =item Locking the Door and Throwing Away the Key
608 =item Translucency Revisited
616 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
618 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
624 =head2 perlbot - Bag'o Object Tricks (the BOT)
630 =item OO SCALING TIPS
632 =item INSTANCE VARIABLES
634 =item SCALAR INSTANCE VARIABLES
636 =item INSTANCE VARIABLE INHERITANCE
638 =item OBJECT RELATIONSHIPS
640 =item OVERRIDING SUPERCLASS METHODS
642 =item USING RELATIONSHIP WITH SDBM
644 =item THINKING OF CODE REUSE
646 =item CLASS CONTEXT AND THE OBJECT
648 =item INHERITING A CONSTRUCTOR
656 =head2 perlstyle - Perl style guide
664 =head2 perlcheat - Perl 5 Cheat Sheet
676 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
684 =head2 perltrap - Perl traps for the unwary
702 =item Perl4 to Perl5 Traps
704 Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps, Parsing Traps, Numerical
705 Traps, General data type traps, Context Traps - scalar, list contexts,
706 Precedence Traps, General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc,
707 Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps, OS Traps, DBM Traps, Unclassified Traps
709 =item Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps
711 Symbols starting with "_" no longer forced into main, Double-colon valid
712 package separator in variable name, 2nd and 3rd args to C<splice()> are now
713 in scalar context, Can't do C<goto> into a block that is optimized away,
714 Can't use whitespace as variable name or quote delimiter, C<while/if BLOCK
715 BLOCK> gone, C<**> binds tighter than unary minus, C<foreach> changed when
716 iterating over a list, C<split> with no args behavior changed, B<-e>
717 behavior fixed, C<push> returns number of elements in resulting list, Some
718 error messages differ, C<split()> honors subroutine args, Bugs removed
722 Space between . and = triggers syntax error, Better parsing in perl 5,
723 Function parsing, String interpolation of C<$#array> differs, Perl guesses
724 on C<map>, C<grep> followed by C<{> if it starts BLOCK or hash ref
726 =item Numerical Traps
728 Formatted output and significant digits, Auto-increment operator over
729 signed int limit deleted, Assignment of return values from numeric equality
730 tests doesn't work, Bitwise string ops
732 =item General data type traps
734 Negative array subscripts now count from the end of array, Setting
735 C<$#array> lower now discards array elements, Hashes get defined before
736 use, Glob assignment from localized variable to variable, Assigning
737 C<undef> to glob, Changes in unary negation (of strings), Modifying of
738 constants prohibited, C<defined $var> behavior changed, Variable Suicide
740 =item Context Traps - scalar, list contexts
742 Elements of argument lists for formats evaluated in list context,
743 C<caller()> returns false value in scalar context if no caller present,
744 Comma operator in scalar context gives scalar context to args, C<sprintf()>
745 prototyped as C<($;@)>
747 =item Precedence Traps
749 LHS vs. RHS of any assignment operator, Semantic errors introduced due to
750 precedence, Precedence of assignment operators same as the precedence of
751 assignment, C<open> requires parentheses around filehandle, C<$:>
752 precedence over C<$::> gone, Precedence of file test operators documented,
753 C<keys>, C<each>, C<values> are regular named unary operators
755 =item General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc.
757 C<s'$lhs'$rhs'> interpolates on either side, C<m//g> attaches its state to
758 the searched string, C<m//o> used within an anonymous sub, C<$+> isn't set
759 to whole match, Substitution now returns null string if it fails,
760 C<s`lhs`rhs`> is now a normal substitution, Stricter parsing of variables
761 in regular expressions, C<m?x?> matches only once, Failed matches don't
762 reset the match variables
764 =item Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps
766 Barewords that used to look like strings look like subroutine calls,
767 Reverse is no longer allowed as the name of a sort subroutine, C<warn()>
768 won't let you specify a filehandle
772 SysV resets signal handler correctly, SysV C<seek()> appends correctly
774 =item Interpolation Traps
776 C<@> always interpolates an array in double-quotish strings, Double-quoted
777 strings may no longer end with an unescaped $, Arbitrary expressions are
778 evaluated inside braces within double quotes, C<$$x> now tries to
779 dereference $x, Creation of hashes on the fly with C<eval "EXPR"> requires
780 protection, Bugs in earlier perl versions, Array and hash brackets during
781 interpolation, Interpolation of C<\$$foo{bar}>, C<qq()> string passed to
782 C<eval> will not find string terminator
786 Perl5 must have been linked with same dbm/ndbm as the default for
787 C<dbmopen()>, DBM exceeding limit on the key/value size will cause perl5 to
790 =item Unclassified Traps
792 C<require>/C<do> trap using returned value, C<split> on empty string with
799 =head2 perldebtut - Perl debugging tutorial
807 =item Looking at data and -w and v
811 =item Stepping through code
813 =item Placeholder for a, w, t, T
815 =item REGULAR EXPRESSIONS
833 =head2 perlfaq - frequently asked questions about Perl
841 =item Where to get the perlfaq
843 =item How to contribute to the perlfaq
845 =item What will happen if you mail your Perl programming problems to the
852 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
854 =item Table of Contents
856 perlfaq - this document, perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl, perlfaq2
857 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl, perlfaq3 - Programming Tools, perlfaq4
858 - Data Manipulation, perlfaq5 - Files and Formats, perlfaq6 - Regular
859 Expressions, perlfaq7 - General Perl Language Issues, perlfaq8 - System
860 Interaction, perlfaq9 - Networking
866 =item L<perlfaq1>: General Questions About Perl
868 =item L<perlfaq2>: Obtaining and Learning about Perl
870 =item L<perlfaq3>: Programming Tools
872 =item L<perlfaq4>: Data Manipulation
874 =item L<perlfaq5>: Files and Formats
876 =item L<perlfaq6>: Regular Expressions
878 =item L<perlfaq7>: General Perl Language Issues
880 =item L<perlfaq8>: System Interaction
882 =item L<perlfaq9>: Networking
888 =head2 perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl
898 =item Who supports Perl? Who develops it? Why is it free?
900 =item Which version of Perl should I use?
902 =item What are Perl 4, Perl 5, or Perl 6?
904 =item What was Ponie?
906 =item What is Perl 6?
908 =item How stable is Perl?
910 =item Is Perl difficult to learn?
912 =item How does Perl compare with other languages like Java, Python, REXX,
915 =item Can I do [task] in Perl?
917 =item When shouldn't I program in Perl?
919 =item What's the difference between "perl" and "Perl"?
921 =item Is it a Perl program or a Perl script?
923 =item What is a JAPH?
925 =item Where can I get a list of Larry Wall witticisms?
927 =item How can I convince others to use Perl?
929 http://perltraining.com.au/whyperl.html,
930 http://www.perl.org/advocacy/whyperl.html
936 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
940 =head2 perlfaq2 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl
948 =item What machines support perl? Where do I get it?
950 =item How can I get a binary version of perl?
952 =item I don't have a C compiler. How can I build my own Perl interpreter?
954 =item I copied the perl binary from one machine to another, but scripts
957 =item I grabbed the sources and tried to compile but gdbm/dynamic
958 loading/malloc/linking/... failed. How do I make it work?
960 =item What modules and extensions are available for Perl? What is CPAN?
961 What does CPAN/src/... mean?
963 =item Is there an ISO or ANSI certified version of Perl?
965 =item Where can I get information on Perl?
967 =item What are the Perl newsgroups on Usenet? Where do I post questions?
969 =item Where should I post source code?
973 References, Tutorials, Task-Oriented, Special Topics
975 =item Which magazines have Perl content?
977 =item What mailing lists are there for Perl?
979 =item Where are the archives for comp.lang.perl.misc?
981 =item Where can I buy a commercial version of perl?
983 =item Where do I send bug reports?
985 =item What is perl.com? Perl Mongers? pm.org? perl.org? cpan.org?
991 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
995 =head2 perlfaq3 - Programming Tools
1003 =item How do I do (anything)?
1005 =item How can I use Perl interactively?
1007 =item Is there a Perl shell?
1009 =item How do I find which modules are installed on my system?
1011 =item How do I debug my Perl programs?
1013 =item How do I profile my Perl programs?
1015 =item How do I cross-reference my Perl programs?
1017 =item Is there a pretty-printer (formatter) for Perl?
1019 =item Is there a ctags for Perl?
1021 =item Is there an IDE or Windows Perl Editor?
1023 Eclipse, Enginsite, Komodo, Open Perl IDE, OptiPerl, PerlBuilder,
1024 visiPerl+, Visual Perl, Zeus, GNU Emacs, MicroEMACS, XEmacs, Jed, Elvis,
1025 Vile, Vim, Codewright, MultiEdit, SlickEdit, Bash, Ksh, Tcsh, Zsh, Affrus,
1026 Alpha, BBEdit and BBEdit Lite
1028 =item Where can I get Perl macros for vi?
1030 =item Where can I get perl-mode for emacs?
1032 =item How can I use curses with Perl?
1034 =item How can I write a GUI (X, Tk, Gtk, etc.) in Perl?
1035 X<GUI> X<Tk> X<Wx> X<WxWidgets> X<Gtk> X<Gtk2> X<CamelBones> X<Qt>
1037 Tk, Wx, Gtk and Gtk2, Win32::GUI, CamelBones, Qt, Athena
1039 =item How can I make my Perl program run faster?
1041 =item How can I make my Perl program take less memory?
1043 Don't slurp!, Use map and grep selectively, Avoid unnecessary quotes and
1044 stringification, Pass by reference, Tie large variables to disk
1046 =item Is it safe to return a reference to local or lexical data?
1048 =item How can I free an array or hash so my program shrinks?
1050 =item How can I make my CGI script more efficient?
1052 =item How can I hide the source for my Perl program?
1054 =item How can I compile my Perl program into byte code or C?
1056 =item How can I get C<#!perl> to work on [MS-DOS,NT,...]?
1058 =item Can I write useful Perl programs on the command line?
1060 =item Why don't Perl one-liners work on my DOS/Mac/VMS system?
1062 =item Where can I learn about CGI or Web programming in Perl?
1064 =item Where can I learn about object-oriented Perl programming?
1066 =item Where can I learn about linking C with Perl?
1068 =item I've read perlembed, perlguts, etc., but I can't embed perl in my C
1069 program; what am I doing wrong?
1071 =item When I tried to run my script, I got this message. What does it mean?
1073 =item What's MakeMaker?
1079 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1083 =head2 perlfaq4 - Data Manipulation
1093 =item Why am I getting long decimals (eg, 19.9499999999999) instead of the
1094 numbers I should be getting (eg, 19.95)?
1096 =item Why is int() broken?
1098 =item Why isn't my octal data interpreted correctly?
1100 =item Does Perl have a round() function? What about ceil() and floor()?
1103 =item How do I convert between numeric representations/bases/radixes?
1105 How do I convert hexadecimal into decimal, How do I convert from decimal to
1106 hexadecimal, How do I convert from octal to decimal, How do I convert from
1107 decimal to octal, How do I convert from binary to decimal, How do I convert
1108 from decimal to binary
1110 =item Why doesn't & work the way I want it to?
1112 =item How do I multiply matrices?
1114 =item How do I perform an operation on a series of integers?
1116 =item How can I output Roman numerals?
1118 =item Why aren't my random numbers random?
1120 =item How do I get a random number between X and Y?
1128 =item How do I find the day or week of the year?
1130 =item How do I find the current century or millennium?
1132 =item How can I compare two dates and find the difference?
1134 =item How can I take a string and turn it into epoch seconds?
1136 =item How can I find the Julian Day?
1138 =item How do I find yesterday's date?
1140 =item Does Perl have a Year 2000 problem? Is Perl Y2K compliant?
1148 =item How do I validate input?
1150 =item How do I unescape a string?
1152 =item How do I remove consecutive pairs of characters?
1154 =item How do I expand function calls in a string?
1156 =item How do I find matching/nesting anything?
1158 =item How do I reverse a string?
1160 =item How do I expand tabs in a string?
1162 =item How do I reformat a paragraph?
1164 =item How can I access or change N characters of a string?
1166 =item How do I change the Nth occurrence of something?
1168 =item How can I count the number of occurrences of a substring within a
1171 =item How do I capitalize all the words on one line?
1173 =item How can I split a [character] delimited string except when inside
1176 =item How do I strip blank space from the beginning/end of a string?
1178 =item How do I pad a string with blanks or pad a number with zeroes?
1180 =item How do I extract selected columns from a string?
1182 =item How do I find the soundex value of a string?
1184 =item How can I expand variables in text strings?
1186 =item What's wrong with always quoting "$vars"?
1188 =item Why don't my E<lt>E<lt>HERE documents work?
1190 There must be no space after the E<lt>E<lt> part, There (probably) should
1191 be a semicolon at the end, You can't (easily) have any space in front of
1200 =item What is the difference between a list and an array?
1202 =item What is the difference between $array[1] and @array[1]?
1204 =item How can I remove duplicate elements from a list or array?
1206 =item How can I tell whether a certain element is contained in a list or
1209 =item How do I compute the difference of two arrays? How do I compute the
1210 intersection of two arrays?
1212 =item How do I test whether two arrays or hashes are equal?
1214 =item How do I find the first array element for which a condition is true?
1216 =item How do I handle linked lists?
1218 =item How do I handle circular lists?
1220 =item How do I shuffle an array randomly?
1222 =item How do I process/modify each element of an array?
1224 =item How do I select a random element from an array?
1226 =item How do I permute N elements of a list?
1227 X<List::Permuter> X<permute> X<Algorithm::Loops> X<Knuth>
1228 X<The Art of Computer Programming> X<Fischer-Krause>
1230 =item How do I sort an array by (anything)?
1232 =item How do I manipulate arrays of bits?
1234 =item Why does defined() return true on empty arrays and hashes?
1238 =item Data: Hashes (Associative Arrays)
1242 =item How do I process an entire hash?
1244 =item What happens if I add or remove keys from a hash while iterating over
1247 =item How do I look up a hash element by value?
1249 =item How can I know how many entries are in a hash?
1251 =item How do I sort a hash (optionally by value instead of key)?
1253 =item How can I always keep my hash sorted?
1254 X<hash tie sort DB_File Tie::IxHash>
1256 =item What's the difference between "delete" and "undef" with hashes?
1258 =item Why don't my tied hashes make the defined/exists distinction?
1260 =item How do I reset an each() operation part-way through?
1262 =item How can I get the unique keys from two hashes?
1264 =item How can I store a multidimensional array in a DBM file?
1266 =item How can I make my hash remember the order I put elements into it?
1268 =item Why does passing a subroutine an undefined element in a hash create
1271 =item How can I make the Perl equivalent of a C structure/C++ class/hash or
1272 array of hashes or arrays?
1274 =item How can I use a reference as a hash key?
1282 =item How do I handle binary data correctly?
1284 =item How do I determine whether a scalar is a number/whole/integer/float?
1286 =item How do I keep persistent data across program calls?
1288 =item How do I print out or copy a recursive data structure?
1290 =item How do I define methods for every class/object?
1292 =item How do I verify a credit card checksum?
1294 =item How do I pack arrays of doubles or floats for XS code?
1300 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1304 =head2 perlfaq5 - Files and Formats
1312 =item How do I flush/unbuffer an output filehandle? Why must I do this?
1313 X<flush> X<buffer> X<unbuffer> X<autoflush>
1315 =item How do I count the number of lines in a file?
1316 X<file, counting lines> X<lines> X<line>
1318 =item How can I use Perl's C<-i> option from within a program?
1321 =item How can I copy a file?
1322 X<copy> X<file, copy>
1324 =item How do I make a temporary file name?
1327 =item How can I manipulate fixed-record-length files?
1328 X<fixed-length> X<file, fixed-length records>
1330 =item How can I make a filehandle local to a subroutine? How do I pass
1331 filehandles between subroutines? How do I make an array of filehandles?
1332 X<filehandle, local> X<filehandle, passing> X<filehandle, reference>
1334 =item How can I use a filehandle indirectly?
1335 X<filehandle, indirect>
1337 =item How can I set up a footer format to be used with write()?
1340 =item How can I write() into a string?
1341 X<write, into a string>
1343 =item How can I open a filehandle to a string?
1344 X<string>, X<open>, X<IO::Scalar>, X<filehandle>
1346 =item How can I translate tildes (~) in a filename?
1347 X<tilde> X<tilde expansion>
1349 =item How come when I open a file read-write it wipes it out?
1350 X<clobber> X<read-write> X<clobbering> X<truncate> X<truncating>
1352 =item Why do I sometimes get an "Argument list too long" when I use
1354 X<argument list too long>
1356 =item Is there a leak/bug in glob()?
1359 =item How can I open a file with a leading ">" or trailing blanks?
1360 X<filename, special characters>
1362 =item How can I reliably rename a file?
1363 X<rename> X<mv> X<move> X<file, rename> X<ren>
1365 =item How can I lock a file?
1366 X<lock> X<file, lock> X<flock>
1368 =item Why can't I just open(FH, "E<gt>file.lock")?
1369 X<lock, lockfile race condition>
1371 =item I still don't get locking. I just want to increment the number in
1372 the file. How can I do this?
1373 X<counter> X<file, counter>
1375 =item All I want to do is append a small amount of text to the end of a
1376 file. Do I still have to use locking?
1377 X<append> X<file, append>
1379 =item How do I randomly update a binary file?
1380 X<file, binary patch>
1382 =item How do I get a file's timestamp in perl?
1383 X<timestamp> X<file, timestamp>
1385 =item How do I set a file's timestamp in perl?
1386 X<timestamp> X<file, timestamp>
1388 =item How do I print to more than one file at once?
1389 X<print, to multiple files>
1391 =item How can I read in an entire file all at once?
1392 X<slurp> X<file, slurping>
1394 =item How can I read in a file by paragraphs?
1395 X<file, reading by paragraphs>
1397 =item How can I read a single character from a file? From the keyboard?
1398 X<getc> X<file, reading one character at a time>
1400 =item How can I tell whether there's a character waiting on a filehandle?
1402 =item How do I do a C<tail -f> in perl?
1403 X<tail> X<IO::Handle> X<File::Tail> X<clearerr>
1405 =item How do I dup() a filehandle in Perl?
1408 =item How do I close a file descriptor by number?
1409 X<file, closing file descriptors> X<POSIX> X<close>
1411 =item Why can't I use "C:\temp\foo" in DOS paths? Why doesn't
1412 `C:\temp\foo.exe` work?
1413 X<filename, DOS issues>
1415 =item Why doesn't glob("*.*") get all the files?
1418 =item Why does Perl let me delete read-only files? Why does C<-i> clobber
1419 protected files? Isn't this a bug in Perl?
1421 =item How do I select a random line from a file?
1422 X<file, selecting a random line>
1424 =item Why do I get weird spaces when I print an array of lines?
1430 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1434 =head2 perlfaq6 - Regular Expressions
1442 =item How can I hope to use regular expressions without creating illegible
1443 and unmaintainable code?
1444 X<regex, legibility> X<regexp, legibility>
1445 X<regular expression, legibility> X</x>
1447 Comments Outside the Regex, Comments Inside the Regex, Different Delimiters
1449 =item I'm having trouble matching over more than one line. What's wrong?
1450 X<regex, multiline> X<regexp, multiline> X<regular expression, multiline>
1452 =item How can I pull out lines between two patterns that are themselves on
1456 =item I put a regular expression into $/ but it didn't work. What's wrong?
1457 X<$/, regexes in> X<$INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, regexes in>
1460 =item How do I substitute case insensitively on the LHS while preserving
1462 X<replace, case preserving> X<substitute, case preserving>
1463 X<substitution, case preserving> X<s, case preserving>
1465 =item How can I make C<\w> match national character sets?
1468 =item How can I match a locale-smart version of C</[a-zA-Z]/>?
1471 =item How can I quote a variable to use in a regex?
1472 X<regex, escaping> X<regexp, escaping> X<regular expression, escaping>
1474 =item What is C</o> really for?
1475 X</o, regular expressions> X<compile, regular expressions>
1477 =item How do I use a regular expression to strip C style comments from a
1480 =item Can I use Perl regular expressions to match balanced text?
1481 X<regex, matching balanced test> X<regexp, matching balanced test>
1482 X<regular expression, matching balanced test>
1484 =item What does it mean that regexes are greedy? How can I get around it?
1485 X<greedy> X<greediness>
1487 =item How do I process each word on each line?
1490 =item How can I print out a word-frequency or line-frequency summary?
1492 =item How can I do approximate matching?
1493 X<match, approximate> X<matching, approximate>
1495 =item How do I efficiently match many regular expressions at once?
1496 X<regex, efficiency> X<regexp, efficiency>
1497 X<regular expression, efficiency>
1499 =item Why don't word-boundary searches with C<\b> work for me?
1502 =item Why does using $&, $`, or $' slow my program down?
1503 X<$MATCH> X<$&> X<$POSTMATCH> X<$'> X<$PREMATCH> X<$`>
1505 =item What good is C<\G> in a regular expression?
1508 =item Are Perl regexes DFAs or NFAs? Are they POSIX compliant?
1509 X<DFA> X<NFA> X<POSIX>
1511 =item What's wrong with using grep in a void context?
1514 =item How can I match strings with multibyte characters?
1515 X<regex, and multibyte characters> X<regexp, and multibyte characters>
1516 X<regular expression, and multibyte characters> X<martian> X<encoding,
1519 =item How do I match a regular expression that's in a variable?
1520 X<regex, in variable> X<eval> X<regex> X<quotemeta> X<\Q, regex>
1521 X<\E, regex>, X<qr//>
1527 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1531 =head2 perlfaq7 - General Perl Language Issues
1539 =item Can I get a BNF/yacc/RE for the Perl language?
1541 =item What are all these $@%&* punctuation signs, and how do I know when to
1544 =item Do I always/never have to quote my strings or use semicolons and
1547 =item How do I skip some return values?
1549 =item How do I temporarily block warnings?
1551 =item What's an extension?
1553 =item Why do Perl operators have different precedence than C operators?
1555 =item How do I declare/create a structure?
1557 =item How do I create a module?
1559 =item How do I adopt or take over a module already on CPAN?
1561 =item How do I create a class?
1563 =item How can I tell if a variable is tainted?
1565 =item What's a closure?
1567 =item What is variable suicide and how can I prevent it?
1569 =item How can I pass/return a {Function, FileHandle, Array, Hash, Method,
1572 Passing Variables and Functions, Passing Filehandles, Passing Regexes,
1575 =item How do I create a static variable?
1577 =item What's the difference between dynamic and lexical (static) scoping?
1578 Between local() and my()?
1580 =item How can I access a dynamic variable while a similarly named lexical
1583 =item What's the difference between deep and shallow binding?
1585 =item Why doesn't "my($foo) = E<lt>FILEE<gt>;" work right?
1587 =item How do I redefine a builtin function, operator, or method?
1589 =item What's the difference between calling a function as &foo and foo()?
1591 =item How do I create a switch or case statement?
1593 =item How can I catch accesses to undefined variables, functions, or
1596 =item Why can't a method included in this same file be found?
1598 =item How can I find out my current package?
1600 =item How can I comment out a large block of perl code?
1602 =item How do I clear a package?
1604 =item How can I use a variable as a variable name?
1606 =item What does "bad interpreter" mean?
1612 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1616 =head2 perlfaq8 - System Interaction
1624 =item How do I find out which operating system I'm running under?
1626 =item How come exec() doesn't return?
1628 =item How do I do fancy stuff with the keyboard/screen/mouse?
1630 Keyboard, Screen, Mouse
1632 =item How do I print something out in color?
1634 =item How do I read just one key without waiting for a return key?
1636 =item How do I check whether input is ready on the keyboard?
1638 =item How do I clear the screen?
1640 =item How do I get the screen size?
1642 =item How do I ask the user for a password?
1644 =item How do I read and write the serial port?
1646 lockfiles, open mode, end of line, flushing output, non-blocking input
1648 =item How do I decode encrypted password files?
1650 =item How do I start a process in the background?
1652 STDIN, STDOUT, and STDERR are shared, Signals, Zombies
1654 =item How do I trap control characters/signals?
1656 =item How do I modify the shadow password file on a Unix system?
1658 =item How do I set the time and date?
1660 =item How can I sleep() or alarm() for under a second?
1661 X<Time::HiRes> X<BSD::Itimer> X<sleep> X<select>
1663 =item How can I measure time under a second?
1664 X<Time::HiRes> X<BSD::Itimer> X<sleep> X<select>
1666 =item How can I do an atexit() or setjmp()/longjmp()? (Exception handling)
1668 =item Why doesn't my sockets program work under System V (Solaris)? What
1669 does the error message "Protocol not supported" mean?
1671 =item How can I call my system's unique C functions from Perl?
1673 =item Where do I get the include files to do ioctl() or syscall()?
1675 =item Why do setuid perl scripts complain about kernel problems?
1677 =item How can I open a pipe both to and from a command?
1679 =item Why can't I get the output of a command with system()?
1681 =item How can I capture STDERR from an external command?
1683 =item Why doesn't open() return an error when a pipe open fails?
1685 =item What's wrong with using backticks in a void context?
1687 =item How can I call backticks without shell processing?
1689 =item Why can't my script read from STDIN after I gave it EOF (^D on Unix,
1692 =item How can I convert my shell script to perl?
1694 =item Can I use perl to run a telnet or ftp session?
1696 =item How can I write expect in Perl?
1698 =item Is there a way to hide perl's command line from programs such as
1701 =item I {changed directory, modified my environment} in a perl script. How
1702 come the change disappeared when I exited the script? How do I get my
1703 changes to be visible?
1707 =item How do I close a process's filehandle without waiting for it to
1710 =item How do I fork a daemon process?
1712 =item How do I find out if I'm running interactively or not?
1714 =item How do I timeout a slow event?
1716 =item How do I set CPU limits?
1717 X<BSD::Resource> X<limit> X<CPU>
1719 =item How do I avoid zombies on a Unix system?
1721 =item How do I use an SQL database?
1723 =item How do I make a system() exit on control-C?
1725 =item How do I open a file without blocking?
1727 =item How do I tell the difference between errors from the shell and perl?
1729 =item How do I install a module from CPAN?
1731 =item What's the difference between require and use?
1733 =item How do I keep my own module/library directory?
1735 =item How do I add the directory my program lives in to the module/library
1738 =item How do I add a directory to my include path (@INC) at runtime?
1740 the PERLLIB environment variable, the PERL5LIB environment variable, the
1741 perl -Idir command line flag, the use lib pragma:
1743 =item What is socket.ph and where do I get it?
1749 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1753 =head2 perlfaq9 - Networking
1761 =item What is the correct form of response from a CGI script?
1763 =item My CGI script runs from the command line but not the browser. (500
1766 =item How can I get better error messages from a CGI program?
1768 =item How do I remove HTML from a string?
1770 =item How do I extract URLs?
1772 =item How do I download a file from the user's machine? How do I open a
1773 file on another machine?
1775 =item How do I make an HTML pop-up menu with Perl?
1777 =item How do I fetch an HTML file?
1779 =item How do I automate an HTML form submission?
1781 =item How do I decode or create those %-encodings on the web?
1783 =item How do I redirect to another page?
1785 =item How do I put a password on my web pages?
1787 =item How do I edit my .htpasswd and .htgroup files with Perl?
1789 =item How do I make sure users can't enter values into a form that cause my
1790 CGI script to do bad things?
1792 =item How do I parse a mail header?
1794 =item How do I decode a CGI form?
1796 =item How do I check a valid mail address?
1798 =item How do I decode a MIME/BASE64 string?
1800 =item How do I return the user's mail address?
1802 =item How do I send mail?
1804 =item How do I use MIME to make an attachment to a mail message?
1806 =item How do I read mail?
1808 =item How do I find out my hostname, domainname, or IP address?
1809 X<hostname, domainname, IP address, host, domain, hostfqdn, inet_ntoa,
1810 gethostbyname, Socket, Net::Domain, Sys::Hostname>
1812 =item How do I fetch a news article or the active newsgroups?
1814 =item How do I fetch/put an FTP file?
1816 =item How can I do RPC in Perl?
1822 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1826 =head2 perlsyn - Perl syntax
1835 X<declaration> X<undef> X<undefined> X<uninitialized>
1840 =item Simple Statements
1841 X<statement> X<semicolon> X<expression> X<;>
1843 =item Truth and Falsehood
1844 X<truth> X<falsehood> X<true> X<false> X<!> X<not> X<negation> X<0>
1846 =item Statement Modifiers
1847 X<statement modifier> X<modifier> X<if> X<unless> X<while>
1848 X<until> X<foreach> X<for>
1850 =item Compound Statements
1851 X<statement, compound> X<block> X<bracket, curly> X<curly bracket> X<brace>
1852 X<{> X<}> X<if> X<unless> X<while> X<until> X<foreach> X<for> X<continue>
1855 X<loop control> X<loop, control> X<next> X<last> X<redo> X<continue>
1866 =item Switch statements
1867 X<switch> X<case> X<given> X<when> X<default>
1874 =item PODs: Embedded Documentation
1875 X<POD> X<documentation>
1877 =item Plain Old Comments (Not!)
1878 X<comment> X<line> X<#> X<preprocessor> X<eval>
1884 =head2 perldata - Perl data types
1892 =item Variable names
1893 X<variable, name> X<variable name> X<data type> X<type>
1896 X<context> X<scalar context> X<list context>
1899 X<scalar> X<number> X<string> X<reference>
1901 =item Scalar value constructors
1902 X<scalar, literal> X<scalar, constant>
1904 =item List value constructors
1910 X<slice> X<array, slice> X<hash, slice>
1912 =item Typeglobs and Filehandles
1913 X<typeglob> X<filehandle> X<*>
1921 =head2 perlop - Perl operators and precedence
1929 =item Operator Precedence and Associativity
1930 X<operator, precedence> X<precedence> X<associativity>
1932 =item Terms and List Operators (Leftward)
1933 X<list operator> X<operator, list> X<term>
1935 =item The Arrow Operator
1936 X<arrow> X<dereference> X<< -> >>
1938 =item Auto-increment and Auto-decrement
1939 X<increment> X<auto-increment> X<++> X<decrement> X<auto-decrement> X<-->
1941 =item Exponentiation
1942 X<**> X<exponentiation> X<power>
1944 =item Symbolic Unary Operators
1945 X<unary operator> X<operator, unary>
1947 =item Binding Operators
1948 X<binding> X<operator, binding> X<=~> X<!~>
1950 =item Multiplicative Operators
1951 X<operator, multiplicative>
1953 =item Additive Operators
1954 X<operator, additive>
1956 =item Shift Operators
1957 X<shift operator> X<operator, shift> X<<< << >>>
1958 X<<< >> >>> X<right shift> X<left shift> X<bitwise shift>
1959 X<shl> X<shr> X<shift, right> X<shift, left>
1961 =item Named Unary Operators
1962 X<operator, named unary>
1964 =item Relational Operators
1965 X<relational operator> X<operator, relational>
1967 =item Equality Operators
1968 X<equality> X<equal> X<equals> X<operator, equality>
1971 X<operator, bitwise, and> X<bitwise and> X<&>
1973 =item Bitwise Or and Exclusive Or
1974 X<operator, bitwise, or> X<bitwise or> X<|> X<operator, bitwise, xor>
1977 =item C-style Logical And
1978 X<&&> X<logical and> X<operator, logical, and>
1980 =item C-style Logical Or
1981 X<||> X<operator, logical, or>
1983 =item C-style Logical Defined-Or
1984 X<//> X<operator, logical, defined-or>
1986 =item Range Operators
1987 X<operator, range> X<range> X<..> X<...>
1989 =item Conditional Operator
1990 X<operator, conditional> X<operator, ternary> X<ternary> X<?:>
1992 =item Assignment Operators
1993 X<assignment> X<operator, assignment> X<=> X<**=> X<+=> X<*=> X<&=>
1994 X<<< <<= >>> X<&&=> X<-=> X</=> X<|=> X<<< >>= >>> X<||=> X<//=> X<.=>
1997 =item Comma Operator
1998 X<comma> X<operator, comma> X<,>
2000 =item List Operators (Rightward)
2001 X<operator, list, rightward> X<list operator>
2004 X<operator, logical, not> X<not>
2007 X<operator, logical, and> X<and>
2009 =item Logical or, Defined or, and Exclusive Or
2010 X<operator, logical, or> X<operator, logical, xor>
2011 X<operator, logical, defined or> X<operator, logical, exclusive or>
2014 =item C Operators Missing From Perl
2015 X<operator, missing from perl> X<&> X<*>
2016 X<typecasting> X<(TYPE)>
2018 unary &, unary *, (TYPE)
2020 =item Quote and Quote-like Operators
2021 X<operator, quote> X<operator, quote-like> X<q> X<qq> X<qx> X<qw> X<m>
2022 X<qr> X<s> X<tr> X<'> X<''> X<"> X<""> X<//> X<`> X<``> X<<< << >>>
2023 X<escape sequence> X<escape>
2025 =item Regexp Quote-Like Operators
2028 qr/STRING/msixpo X<qr> X</i> X</m> X</o> X</s> X</x> X</p>,
2029 m/PATTERN/msixpogc X<m> X<operator, match> X<regexp, options> X<regexp>
2030 X<regex, options> X<regex> X</m> X</s> X</i> X</x> X</p> X</o> X</g> X</c>,
2031 /PATTERN/msixpogc, ?PATTERN? X<?>, s/PATTERN/REPLACEMENT/msixpogce
2032 X<substitute> X<substitution> X<replace> X<regexp, replace> X<regexp,
2033 substitute> X</m> X</s> X</i> X</x> X</p> X</o> X</g> X</c> X</e>
2035 =item Quote-Like Operators
2036 X<operator, quote-like>
2038 q/STRING/ X<q> X<quote, single> X<'> X<''>, 'STRING', qq/STRING/ X<qq>
2039 X<quote, double> X<"> X<"">, "STRING", qx/STRING/ X<qx> X<`> X<``>
2040 X<backtick>, `STRING`, qw/STRING/ X<qw> X<quote, list> X<quote, words>,
2041 tr/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds X<tr> X<y> X<transliterate> X</c> X</d>
2042 X</s>, y/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds, <<EOF X<here-doc> X<heredoc>
2043 X<here-document> X<<< << >>>, Double Quotes, Single Quotes, Backticks
2045 =item Gory details of parsing quoted constructs
2046 X<quote, gory details>
2048 Finding the end, Interpolation X<interpolation>, C<<<'EOF'>, C<m''>, the
2049 pattern of C<s'''>, C<''>, C<q//>, C<tr'''>, C<y'''>, the replacement of
2050 C<s'''>, C<tr///>, C<y///>, C<"">, C<``>, C<qq//>, C<qx//>, C<< <file*glob>
2051 >>, C<<<"EOF">, the replacement of C<s///>, C<RE> in C<?RE?>, C</RE/>,
2052 C<m/RE/>, C<s/RE/foo/>,, parsing regular expressions X<regexp, parse>,
2053 Optimization of regular expressions X<regexp, optimization>
2056 X<operator, i/o> X<operator, io> X<io> X<while> X<filehandle>
2059 =item Constant Folding
2060 X<constant folding> X<folding>
2065 =item Bitwise String Operators
2066 X<operator, bitwise, string>
2068 =item Integer Arithmetic
2071 =item Floating-point Arithmetic
2072 X<floating-point> X<floating point> X<float> X<real>
2074 =item Bigger Numbers
2075 X<number, arbitrary precision>
2081 =head2 perlsub - Perl subroutines
2091 =item Private Variables via my()
2092 X<my> X<variable, lexical> X<lexical> X<lexical variable> X<scope, lexical>
2093 X<lexical scope> X<attributes, my>
2095 =item Persistent Private Variables
2096 X<state> X<state variable> X<static> X<variable, persistent> X<variable,
2099 =item Temporary Values via local()
2100 X<local> X<scope, dynamic> X<dynamic scope> X<variable, local>
2101 X<variable, temporary>
2103 =item Lvalue subroutines
2104 X<lvalue> X<subroutine, lvalue>
2106 Lvalue subroutines are EXPERIMENTAL
2108 =item Passing Symbol Table Entries (typeglobs)
2111 =item When to Still Use local()
2112 X<local> X<variable, local>
2114 =item Pass by Reference
2115 X<pass by reference> X<pass-by-reference> X<reference>
2118 X<prototype> X<subroutine, prototype>
2120 =item Constant Functions
2123 =item Overriding Built-in Functions
2124 X<built-in> X<override> X<CORE> X<CORE::GLOBAL>
2127 X<autoloading> X<AUTOLOAD>
2129 =item Subroutine Attributes
2130 X<attribute> X<subroutine, attribute> X<attrs>
2138 =head2 perlfunc - Perl builtin functions
2146 =item Perl Functions by Category
2149 Functions for SCALARs or strings X<scalar> X<string> X<character>, Regular
2150 expressions and pattern matching X<regular expression> X<regex> X<regexp>,
2151 Numeric functions X<numeric> X<number> X<trigonometric> X<trigonometry>,
2152 Functions for real @ARRAYs X<array>, Functions for list data X<list>,
2153 Functions for real %HASHes X<hash>, Input and output functions X<I/O>
2154 X<input> X<output> X<dbm>, Functions for fixed length data or records,
2155 Functions for filehandles, files, or directories X<file> X<filehandle>
2156 X<directory> X<pipe> X<link> X<symlink>, Keywords related to the control
2157 flow of your Perl program X<control flow>, Keywords related to switch,
2158 Keywords related to scoping, Miscellaneous functions, Functions for
2159 processes and process groups X<process> X<pid> X<process id>, Keywords
2160 related to perl modules X<module>, Keywords related to classes and
2161 object-orientation X<object> X<class> X<package>, Low-level socket
2162 functions X<socket> X<sock>, System V interprocess communication functions
2163 X<IPC> X<System V> X<semaphore> X<shared memory> X<memory> X<message>,
2164 Fetching user and group info X<user> X<group> X<password> X<uid> X<gid>
2165 X<passwd> X</etc/passwd>, Fetching network info X<network> X<protocol>
2166 X<host> X<hostname> X<IP> X<address> X<service>, Time-related functions
2167 X<time> X<date>, Functions new in perl5 X<perl5>, Functions obsoleted in
2171 X<portability> X<Unix> X<portable>
2173 =item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions
2176 X<-r>X<-w>X<-x>X<-o>X<-R>X<-W>X<-X>X<-O>X<-e>X<-z>X<-s>X<-f>X<-d>X<-l>X<-p>
2177 X<-S>X<-b>X<-c>X<-t>X<-u>X<-g>X<-k>X<-T>X<-B>X<-M>X<-A>X<-C>, -I<X> EXPR,
2178 -I<X> DIRHANDLE, -I<X>, abs VALUE X<abs> X<absolute>, abs, accept
2179 NEWSOCKET,GENERICSOCKET X<accept>, alarm SECONDS X<alarm> X<SIGALRM>
2180 X<timer>, alarm, atan2 Y,X X<atan2> X<arctangent> X<tan> X<tangent>, bind
2181 SOCKET,NAME X<bind>, binmode FILEHANDLE, LAYER X<binmode> X<binary> X<text>
2182 X<DOS> X<Windows>, binmode FILEHANDLE, bless REF,CLASSNAME X<bless>, bless
2183 REF, break, caller EXPR X<caller> X<call stack> X<stack> X<stack trace>,
2184 caller, chdir EXPR X<chdir> X<cd> X<directory, change>, chdir FILEHANDLE,
2185 chdir DIRHANDLE, chdir, chmod LIST X<chmod> X<permission> X<mode>, chomp
2186 VARIABLE X<chomp> X<INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR> X<$/> X<newline> X<eol>, chomp(
2187 LIST ), chomp, chop VARIABLE X<chop>, chop( LIST ), chop, chown LIST
2188 X<chown> X<owner> X<user> X<group>, chr NUMBER X<chr> X<character> X<ASCII>
2189 X<Unicode>, chr, chroot FILENAME X<chroot> X<root>, chroot, close
2190 FILEHANDLE X<close>, close, closedir DIRHANDLE X<closedir>, connect
2191 SOCKET,NAME X<connect>, continue BLOCK X<continue>, continue, cos EXPR
2192 X<cos> X<cosine> X<acos> X<arccosine>, cos, crypt PLAINTEXT,SALT X<crypt>
2193 X<digest> X<hash> X<salt> X<plaintext> X<password> X<decrypt>
2194 X<cryptography> X<passwd> X<encrypt>, dbmclose HASH X<dbmclose>, dbmopen
2195 HASH,DBNAME,MASK X<dbmopen> X<dbm> X<ndbm> X<sdbm> X<gdbm>, defined EXPR
2196 X<defined> X<undef> X<undefined>, defined, delete EXPR X<delete>, die LIST
2197 X<die> X<throw> X<exception> X<raise> X<$@> X<abort>, do BLOCK X<do>
2198 X<block>, do SUBROUTINE(LIST) X<do>, do EXPR X<do>, dump LABEL X<dump>
2199 X<core> X<undump>, dump, each HASH X<each> X<hash, iterator>, eof
2200 FILEHANDLE X<eof> X<end of file> X<end-of-file>, eof (), eof, eval EXPR
2201 X<eval> X<try> X<catch> X<evaluate> X<parse> X<execute> X<error, handling>
2202 X<exception, handling>, eval BLOCK, eval, exec LIST X<exec> X<execute>,
2203 exec PROGRAM LIST, exists EXPR X<exists> X<autovivification>, exit EXPR
2204 X<exit> X<terminate> X<abort>, exit, exp EXPR X<exp> X<exponential>
2205 X<antilog> X<antilogarithm> X<e>, exp, fcntl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR
2206 X<fcntl>, fileno FILEHANDLE X<fileno>, flock FILEHANDLE,OPERATION X<flock>
2207 X<lock> X<locking>, fork X<fork> X<child> X<parent>, format X<format>,
2208 formline PICTURE,LIST X<formline>, getc FILEHANDLE X<getc> X<getchar>
2209 X<character> X<file, read>, getc, getlogin X<getlogin> X<login>,
2210 getpeername SOCKET X<getpeername> X<peer>, getpgrp PID X<getpgrp> X<group>,
2211 getppid X<getppid> X<parent> X<pid>, getpriority WHICH,WHO X<getpriority>
2212 X<priority> X<nice>, getpwnam NAME X<getpwnam> X<getgrnam> X<gethostbyname>
2213 X<getnetbyname> X<getprotobyname> X<getpwuid> X<getgrgid> X<getservbyname>
2214 X<gethostbyaddr> X<getnetbyaddr> X<getprotobynumber> X<getservbyport>
2215 X<getpwent> X<getgrent> X<gethostent> X<getnetent> X<getprotoent>
2216 X<getservent> X<setpwent> X<setgrent> X<sethostent> X<setnetent>
2217 X<setprotoent> X<setservent> X<endpwent> X<endgrent> X<endhostent>
2218 X<endnetent> X<endprotoent> X<endservent>, getgrnam NAME, gethostbyname
2219 NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getprotobyname NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID,
2220 getservbyname NAME,PROTO, gethostbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getnetbyaddr
2221 ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER, getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent,
2222 getgrent, gethostent, getnetent, getprotoent, getservent, setpwent,
2223 setgrent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN,
2224 setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent, endhostent, endnetent,
2225 endprotoent, endservent, getsockname SOCKET X<getsockname>, getsockopt
2226 SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME X<getsockopt>, glob EXPR X<glob> X<wildcard>
2227 X<filename, expansion> X<expand>, glob, gmtime EXPR X<gmtime> X<UTC>
2228 X<Greenwich>, gmtime, goto LABEL X<goto> X<jump> X<jmp>, goto EXPR, goto
2229 &NAME, grep BLOCK LIST X<grep>, grep EXPR,LIST, hex EXPR X<hex>
2230 X<hexadecimal>, hex, import LIST X<import>, index STR,SUBSTR,POSITION
2231 X<index> X<indexOf> X<InStr>, index STR,SUBSTR, int EXPR X<int> X<integer>
2232 X<truncate> X<trunc> X<floor>, int, ioctl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR
2233 X<ioctl>, join EXPR,LIST X<join>, keys HASH X<keys> X<key>, kill SIGNAL,
2234 LIST X<kill> X<signal>, last LABEL X<last> X<break>, last, lc EXPR X<lc>
2235 X<lowercase>, lc, lcfirst EXPR X<lcfirst> X<lowercase>, lcfirst, length
2236 EXPR X<length> X<size>, length, link OLDFILE,NEWFILE X<link>, listen
2237 SOCKET,QUEUESIZE X<listen>, local EXPR X<local>, localtime EXPR
2238 X<localtime> X<ctime>, localtime, lock THING X<lock>, log EXPR X<log>
2239 X<logarithm> X<e> X<ln> X<base>, log, lstat EXPR X<lstat>, lstat, m//, map
2240 BLOCK LIST X<map>, map EXPR,LIST, mkdir FILENAME,MASK X<mkdir> X<md>
2241 X<directory, create>, mkdir FILENAME, mkdir, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG X<msgctl>,
2242 msgget KEY,FLAGS X<msgget>, msgrcv ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS X<msgrcv>, msgsnd
2243 ID,MSG,FLAGS X<msgsnd>, my EXPR X<my>, my TYPE EXPR, my EXPR : ATTRS, my
2244 TYPE EXPR : ATTRS, next LABEL X<next> X<continue>, next, no Module VERSION
2245 LIST X<no>, no Module VERSION, no Module LIST, no Module, no VERSION, oct
2246 EXPR X<oct> X<octal> X<hex> X<hexadecimal> X<binary> X<bin>, oct, open
2247 FILEHANDLE,EXPR X<open> X<pipe> X<file, open> X<fopen>, open
2248 FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR,LIST, open
2249 FILEHANDLE,MODE,REFERENCE, open FILEHANDLE, opendir DIRHANDLE,EXPR
2250 X<opendir>, ord EXPR X<ord> X<encoding>, ord, our EXPR X<our> X<global>,
2251 our TYPE EXPR, our EXPR : ATTRS, our TYPE EXPR : ATTRS, pack TEMPLATE,LIST
2252 X<pack>, package NAMESPACE X<package> X<module> X<namespace>, package, pipe
2253 READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE X<pipe>, pop ARRAY X<pop> X<stack>, pop, pos SCALAR
2254 X<pos> X<match, position>, pos, print FILEHANDLE LIST X<print>, print LIST,
2255 print, printf FILEHANDLE FORMAT, LIST X<printf>, printf FORMAT, LIST,
2256 prototype FUNCTION X<prototype>, push ARRAY,LIST X<push> X<stack>,
2257 q/STRING/, qq/STRING/, qr/STRING/, qx/STRING/, qw/STRING/, quotemeta EXPR
2258 X<quotemeta> X<metacharacter>, quotemeta, rand EXPR X<rand> X<random>,
2259 rand, read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET X<read> X<file, read>, read
2260 FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, readdir DIRHANDLE X<readdir>, readline EXPR,
2261 readline X<readline> X<gets> X<fgets>, readlink EXPR X<readlink>, readlink,
2262 readpipe EXPR, readpipe X<readpipe>, recv SOCKET,SCALAR,LENGTH,FLAGS
2263 X<recv>, redo LABEL X<redo>, redo, ref EXPR X<ref> X<reference>, ref,
2264 rename OLDNAME,NEWNAME X<rename> X<move> X<mv> X<ren>, require VERSION
2265 X<require>, require EXPR, require, reset EXPR X<reset>, reset, return EXPR
2266 X<return>, return, reverse LIST X<reverse> X<rev> X<invert>, rewinddir
2267 DIRHANDLE X<rewinddir>, rindex STR,SUBSTR,POSITION X<rindex>, rindex
2268 STR,SUBSTR, rmdir FILENAME X<rmdir> X<rd> X<directory, remove>, rmdir,
2269 s///, say FILEHANDLE LIST X<say>, say LIST, say, scalar EXPR X<scalar>
2270 X<context>, seek FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE X<seek> X<fseek> X<filehandle,
2271 position>, seekdir DIRHANDLE,POS X<seekdir>, select FILEHANDLE X<select>
2272 X<filehandle, default>, select, select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT X<select>,
2273 semctl ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG X<semctl>, semget KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS X<semget>, semop
2274 KEY,OPSTRING X<semop>, send SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS,TO X<send>, send
2275 SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS, setpgrp PID,PGRP X<setpgrp> X<group>, setpriority
2276 WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY X<setpriority> X<priority> X<nice> X<renice>, setsockopt
2277 SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL X<setsockopt>, shift ARRAY X<shift>, shift,
2278 shmctl ID,CMD,ARG X<shmctl>, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS X<shmget>, shmread
2279 ID,VAR,POS,SIZE X<shmread> X<shmwrite>, shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE,
2280 shutdown SOCKET,HOW X<shutdown>, sin EXPR X<sin> X<sine> X<asin>
2281 X<arcsine>, sin, sleep EXPR X<sleep> X<pause>, sleep, socket
2282 SOCKET,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL X<socket>, socketpair
2283 SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL X<socketpair>, sort SUBNAME LIST
2284 X<sort> X<qsort> X<quicksort> X<mergesort>, sort BLOCK LIST, sort LIST,
2285 splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,LIST X<splice>, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,
2286 splice ARRAY,OFFSET, splice ARRAY, split /PATTERN/,EXPR,LIMIT X<split>,
2287 split /PATTERN/,EXPR, split /PATTERN/, split, sprintf FORMAT, LIST
2288 X<sprintf>, format parameter index, flags, vector flag, (minimum) width,
2289 precision, or maximum width X<precision>, size, order of arguments, sqrt
2290 EXPR X<sqrt> X<root> X<square root>, sqrt, srand EXPR X<srand> X<seed>
2291 X<randseed>, srand, stat FILEHANDLE X<stat> X<file, status> X<ctime>, stat
2292 EXPR, stat DIRHANDLE, stat, state EXPR X<state>, state TYPE EXPR, state
2293 EXPR : ATTRS, state TYPE EXPR : ATTRS, study SCALAR X<study>, study, sub
2294 NAME BLOCK X<sub>, sub NAME (PROTO) BLOCK, sub NAME : ATTRS BLOCK, sub NAME
2295 (PROTO) : ATTRS BLOCK, substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH,REPLACEMENT X<substr>
2296 X<substring> X<mid> X<left> X<right>, substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH, substr
2297 EXPR,OFFSET, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE X<symlink> X<link> X<symbolic link>
2298 X<link, symbolic>, syscall NUMBER, LIST X<syscall> X<system call>, sysopen
2299 FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE X<sysopen>, sysopen
2300 FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, sysread FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET
2301 X<sysread>, sysread FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, sysseek
2302 FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE X<sysseek> X<lseek>, system LIST X<system>
2303 X<shell>, system PROGRAM LIST, syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET
2304 X<syswrite>, syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,
2305 tell FILEHANDLE X<tell>, tell, telldir DIRHANDLE X<telldir>, tie
2306 VARIABLE,CLASSNAME,LIST X<tie>, tied VARIABLE X<tied>, time X<time>
2307 X<epoch>, times X<times>, tr///, truncate FILEHANDLE,LENGTH X<truncate>,
2308 truncate EXPR,LENGTH, uc EXPR X<uc> X<uppercase> X<toupper>, uc, ucfirst
2309 EXPR X<ucfirst> X<uppercase>, ucfirst, umask EXPR X<umask>, umask, undef
2310 EXPR X<undef> X<undefine>, undef, unlink LIST X<unlink> X<delete> X<remove>
2311 X<rm> X<del>, unlink, unpack TEMPLATE,EXPR X<unpack>, unpack TEMPLATE,
2312 untie VARIABLE X<untie>, unshift ARRAY,LIST X<unshift>, use Module VERSION
2313 LIST X<use> X<module> X<import>, use Module VERSION, use Module LIST, use
2314 Module, use VERSION, utime LIST X<utime>, values HASH X<values>, vec
2315 EXPR,OFFSET,BITS X<vec> X<bit> X<bit vector>, wait X<wait>, waitpid
2316 PID,FLAGS X<waitpid>, wantarray X<wantarray> X<context>, warn LIST X<warn>
2317 X<warning> X<STDERR>, write FILEHANDLE X<write>, write EXPR, write, y///
2323 =head2 perlopentut - tutorial on opening things in Perl
2329 =item Open E<agrave> la shell
2335 =item Indirect Filehandles
2339 =item The Minus File
2341 =item Mixing Reads and Writes
2347 =item Open E<agrave> la C
2351 =item Permissions E<agrave> la mode
2355 =item Obscure Open Tricks
2359 =item Re-Opening Files (dups)
2361 =item Dispelling the Dweomer
2363 =item Paths as Opens
2365 =item Single Argument Open
2367 =item Playing with STDIN and STDOUT
2371 =item Other I/O Issues
2375 =item Opening Non-File Files
2377 =item Opening Named Pipes
2379 =item Opening Sockets
2391 =item AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT
2397 =head2 perlpacktut - tutorial on C<pack> and C<unpack>
2403 =item The Basic Principle
2407 =item Packing Numbers
2413 =item Unpacking a Stack Frame
2415 =item How to Eat an Egg on a Net
2417 =item Byte-order modifiers
2419 =item Floating point Numbers
2423 =item Exotic Templates
2435 =item Another Portable Binary Encoding
2439 =item Template Grouping
2441 =item Lengths and Widths
2445 =item String Lengths
2447 =item Dynamic Templates
2449 =item Counting Repetitions
2453 =item Packing and Unpacking C Structures
2457 =item The Alignment Pit
2459 =item Dealing with Endian-ness
2461 =item Alignment, Take 2
2463 =item Alignment, Take 3
2465 =item Pointers for How to Use Them
2471 =item Funnies Section
2477 =head2 perlpod - the Plain Old Documentation format
2485 =item Ordinary Paragraph
2486 X<POD, ordinary paragraph>
2488 =item Verbatim Paragraph
2489 X<POD, verbatim paragraph> X<verbatim>
2491 =item Command Paragraph
2494 C<=head1 I<Heading Text>> X<=head1> X<=head2> X<=head3> X<=head4> X<head1>
2495 X<head2> X<head3> X<head4>, C<=head2 I<Heading Text>>, C<=head3 I<Heading
2496 Text>>, C<=head4 I<Heading Text>>, C<=over I<indentlevel>> X<=over>
2497 X<=item> X<=back> X<over> X<item> X<back>, C<=item I<stuff...>>, C<=back>,
2498 C<=cut> X<=cut> X<cut>, C<=pod> X<=pod> X<pod>, C<=begin I<formatname>>
2499 X<=begin> X<=end> X<=for> X<begin> X<end> X<for>, C<=end I<formatname>>,
2500 C<=for I<formatname> I<text...>>, C<=encoding I<encodingname>> X<=encoding>
2503 =item Formatting Codes
2504 X<POD, formatting code> X<formatting code>
2505 X<POD, interior sequence> X<interior sequence>
2507 C<IE<lt>textE<gt>> -- italic text X<I> X<< IZ<><> >> X<POD, formatting
2508 code, italic> X<italic>, C<BE<lt>textE<gt>> -- bold text X<B> X<< BZ<><> >>
2509 X<POD, formatting code, bold> X<bold>, C<CE<lt>codeE<gt>> -- code text X<C>
2510 X<< CZ<><> >> X<POD, formatting code, code> X<code>, C<LE<lt>nameE<gt>> --
2511 a hyperlink X<L> X<< LZ<><> >> X<POD, formatting code, hyperlink>
2512 X<hyperlink>, C<EE<lt>escapeE<gt>> -- a character escape X<E> X<< EZ<><> >>
2513 X<POD, formatting code, escape> X<escape>, C<FE<lt>filenameE<gt>> -- used
2514 for filenames X<F> X<< FZ<><> >> X<POD, formatting code, filename>
2515 X<filename>, C<SE<lt>textE<gt>> -- text contains non-breaking spaces X<S>
2516 X<< SZ<><> >> X<POD, formatting code, non-breaking space> X<non-breaking
2517 space>, C<XE<lt>topic nameE<gt>> -- an index entry X<X> X<< XZ<><> >>
2518 X<POD, formatting code, index entry> X<index entry>, C<ZE<lt>E<gt>> -- a
2519 null (zero-effect) formatting code X<Z> X<< ZZ<><> >> X<POD, formatting
2525 =item Embedding Pods in Perl Modules
2528 =item Hints for Writing Pod
2530 X<podchecker> X<POD, validating>
2540 =head2 perlpodspec - Plain Old Documentation: format specification and
2547 =item Pod Definitions
2551 "=head1", "=head2", "=head3", "=head4", "=pod", "=cut", "=over", "=item",
2552 "=back", "=begin formatname", "=end formatname", "=for formatname text...",
2553 "=encoding encodingname"
2555 =item Pod Formatting Codes
2557 C<IE<lt>textE<gt>> -- italic text, C<BE<lt>textE<gt>> -- bold text,
2558 C<CE<lt>codeE<gt>> -- code text, C<FE<lt>filenameE<gt>> -- style for
2559 filenames, C<XE<lt>topic nameE<gt>> -- an index entry, C<ZE<lt>E<gt>> -- a
2560 null (zero-effect) formatting code, C<LE<lt>nameE<gt>> -- a hyperlink,
2561 C<EE<lt>escapeE<gt>> -- a character escape, C<SE<lt>textE<gt>> -- text
2562 contains non-breaking spaces
2564 =item Notes on Implementing Pod Processors
2566 =item About LE<lt>...E<gt> Codes
2568 First:, Second:, Third:, Fourth:, Fifth:, Sixth:
2570 =item About =over...=back Regions
2572 =item About Data Paragraphs and "=begin/=end" Regions
2580 =head2 perlrun - how to execute the Perl interpreter
2590 =item #! and quoting on non-Unix systems
2593 OS/2, MS-DOS, Win95/NT, Macintosh, VMS
2595 =item Location of Perl
2596 X<perl, location of interpreter>
2598 =item Command Switches
2599 X<perl, command switches> X<command switches>
2601 B<-0>[I<octal/hexadecimal>] X<-0> X<$/>, B<-a> X<-a> X<autosplit>, B<-C
2602 [I<number/list>]> X<-C>, B<-c> X<-c>, B<-d> X<-d> X<-dt>, B<-dt>,
2603 B<-d:>I<foo[=bar,baz]> X<-d> X<-dt>, B<-dt:>I<foo[=bar,baz]>,
2604 B<-D>I<letters> X<-D> X<DEBUGGING> X<-DDEBUGGING>, B<-D>I<number>, B<-e>
2605 I<commandline> X<-e>, B<-E> I<commandline> X<-E>, B<-f> X<-f>,
2606 B<-F>I<pattern> X<-F>, B<-h> X<-h>, B<-i>[I<extension>] X<-i> X<in-place>,
2607 B<-I>I<directory> X<-I> X<@INC>, B<-l>[I<octnum>] X<-l> X<$/> X<$\>,
2608 B<-m>[B<->]I<module> X<-m> X<-M>, B<-M>[B<->]I<module>,
2609 B<-M>[B<->]I<'module ...'>, B<-[mM]>[B<->]I<module=arg[,arg]...>, B<-n>
2610 X<-n>, B<-p> X<-p>, B<-P> X<-P>, B<-s> X<-s>, B<-S> X<-S>, B<-t> X<-t>,
2611 B<-T> X<-T>, B<-u> X<-u>, B<-U> X<-U>, B<-v> X<-v>, B<-V> X<-V>,
2612 B<-V:>I<configvar>, B<-w> X<-w>, B<-W> X<-W>, B<-X> X<-X>, B<-x> X<-x>,
2618 X<perl, environment variables>
2620 HOME X<HOME>, LOGDIR X<LOGDIR>, PATH X<PATH>, PERL5LIB X<PERL5LIB>,
2621 PERL5OPT X<PERL5OPT>, PERLIO X<PERLIO>, :bytes X<:bytes>, :crlf X<:crlf>,
2622 :mmap X<:mmap>, :perlio X<:perlio>, :pop X<:pop>, :raw X<:raw>, :stdio
2623 X<:stdio>, :unix X<:unix>, :utf8 X<:utf8>, :win32 X<:win32>, PERLIO_DEBUG
2624 X<PERLIO_DEBUG>, PERLLIB X<PERLLIB>, PERL5DB X<PERL5DB>, PERL5DB_THREADED
2625 X<PERL5DB_THREADED>, PERL5SHELL (specific to the Win32 port) X<PERL5SHELL>,
2626 PERL_ALLOW_NON_IFS_LSP (specific to the Win32 port)
2627 X<PERL_ALLOW_NON_IFS_LSP>, PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS X<PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS>,
2628 PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL X<PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL>, PERL_DL_NONLAZY
2629 X<PERL_DL_NONLAZY>, PERL_ENCODING X<PERL_ENCODING>, PERL_HASH_SEED
2630 X<PERL_HASH_SEED>, PERL_HASH_SEED_DEBUG X<PERL_HASH_SEED_DEBUG>, PERL_ROOT
2631 (specific to the VMS port) X<PERL_ROOT>, PERL_SIGNALS X<PERL_SIGNALS>,
2632 PERL_UNICODE X<PERL_UNICODE>, SYS$LOGIN (specific to the VMS port)
2637 =head2 perldiag - various Perl diagnostics
2647 =head2 perllexwarn - Perl Lexical Warnings
2655 =item Default Warnings and Optional Warnings
2657 =item What's wrong with B<-w> and C<$^W>
2659 =item Controlling Warnings from the Command Line
2661 B<-w> X<-w>, B<-W> X<-W>, B<-X> X<-X>
2663 =item Backward Compatibility
2665 =item Category Hierarchy
2666 X<warning, categories>
2668 =item Fatal Warnings
2671 =item Reporting Warnings from a Module
2672 X<warning, reporting> X<warning, registering>
2682 =head2 perldebug - Perl debugging
2688 =item The Perl Debugger
2692 =item Calling the debugger
2694 perl -d program_name, perl -d -e 0, perl -d:Ptkdb program_name, perl -dt
2695 threaded_program_name
2697 =item Debugger Commands
2699 h X<debugger command, h>, h [command], h h, p expr X<debugger command, p>,
2700 x [maxdepth] expr X<debugger command, x>, V [pkg [vars]] X<debugger
2701 command, V>, X [vars] X<debugger command, X>, y [level [vars]] X<debugger
2702 command, y>, T X<debugger command, T> X<backtrace> X<stack, backtrace>, s
2703 [expr] X<debugger command, s> X<step>, n [expr] X<debugger command, n>, r
2704 X<debugger command, r>, <CR>, c [line|sub] X<debugger command, c>, l
2705 X<debugger command, l>, l min+incr, l min-max, l line, l subname, -
2706 X<debugger command, ->, v [line] X<debugger command, v>, . X<debugger
2707 command, .>, f filename X<debugger command, f>, /pattern/, ?pattern?, L
2708 [abw] X<debugger command, L>, S [[!]regex] X<debugger command, S>, t
2709 X<debugger command, t>, t expr X<debugger command, t>, b X<breakpoint>
2710 X<debugger command, b>, b [line] [condition] X<breakpoint> X<debugger
2711 command, b>, b subname [condition] X<breakpoint> X<debugger command, b>, b
2712 postpone subname [condition] X<breakpoint> X<debugger command, b>, b load
2713 filename X<breakpoint> X<debugger command, b>, b compile subname
2714 X<breakpoint> X<debugger command, b>, B line X<breakpoint> X<debugger
2715 command, B>, B * X<breakpoint> X<debugger command, B>, a [line] command
2716 X<debugger command, a>, A line X<debugger command, A>, A * X<debugger
2717 command, A>, w expr X<debugger command, w>, W expr X<debugger command, W>,
2718 W * X<debugger command, W>, o X<debugger command, o>, o booloption ...
2719 X<debugger command, o>, o anyoption? ... X<debugger command, o>, o
2720 option=value ... X<debugger command, o>, < ? X<< debugger command, < >>, <
2721 [ command ] X<< debugger command, < >>, < * X<< debugger command, < >>, <<
2722 command X<< debugger command, << >>, > ? X<< debugger command, > >>, >
2723 command X<< debugger command, > >>, > * X<< debugger command, > >>, >>
2724 command X<<< debugger command, >> >>>, { ? X<debugger command, {>, { [
2725 command ], { * X<debugger command, {>, {{ command X<debugger command, {{>,
2726 ! number X<debugger command, !>, ! -number X<debugger command, !>, !
2727 pattern X<debugger command, !>, !! cmd X<debugger command, !!>, source file
2728 X<debugger command, source>, H -number X<debugger command, H>, q or ^D
2729 X<debugger command, q> X<debugger command, ^D>, R X<debugger command, R>,
2730 |dbcmd X<debugger command, |>, ||dbcmd X<debugger command, ||>, command, m
2731 expr X<debugger command, m>, M X<debugger command, M>, man [manpage]
2732 X<debugger command, man>
2734 =item Configurable Options
2736 C<recallCommand>, C<ShellBang> X<debugger option, recallCommand> X<debugger
2737 option, ShellBang>, C<pager> X<debugger option, pager>, C<tkRunning>
2738 X<debugger option, tkRunning>, C<signalLevel>, C<warnLevel>, C<dieLevel>
2739 X<debugger option, signalLevel> X<debugger option, warnLevel> X<debugger
2740 option, dieLevel>, C<AutoTrace> X<debugger option, AutoTrace>, C<LineInfo>
2741 X<debugger option, LineInfo>, C<inhibit_exit> X<debugger option,
2742 inhibit_exit>, C<PrintRet> X<debugger option, PrintRet>, C<ornaments>
2743 X<debugger option, ornaments>, C<frame> X<debugger option, frame>,
2744 C<maxTraceLen> X<debugger option, maxTraceLen>, C<windowSize> X<debugger
2745 option, windowSize>, C<arrayDepth>, C<hashDepth> X<debugger option,
2746 arrayDepth> X<debugger option, hashDepth>, C<dumpDepth> X<debugger option,
2747 dumpDepth>, C<compactDump>, C<veryCompact> X<debugger option, compactDump>
2748 X<debugger option, veryCompact>, C<globPrint> X<debugger option,
2749 globPrint>, C<DumpDBFiles> X<debugger option, DumpDBFiles>, C<DumpPackages>
2750 X<debugger option, DumpPackages>, C<DumpReused> X<debugger option,
2751 DumpReused>, C<quote>, C<HighBit>, C<undefPrint> X<debugger option, quote>
2752 X<debugger option, HighBit> X<debugger option, undefPrint>, C<UsageOnly>
2753 X<debugger option, UsageOnly>, C<TTY> X<debugger option, TTY>, C<noTTY>
2754 X<debugger option, noTTY>, C<ReadLine> X<debugger option, ReadLine>,
2755 C<NonStop> X<debugger option, NonStop>
2757 =item Debugger input/output
2759 Prompt, Multiline commands, Stack backtrace X<backtrace> X<stack,
2760 backtrace>, Line Listing Format, Frame listing
2762 =item Debugging compile-time statements
2764 =item Debugger Customization
2766 =item Readline Support
2768 =item Editor Support for Debugging
2770 =item The Perl Profiler
2771 X<profile> X<profiling> X<profiler>
2775 =item Debugging regular expressions
2776 X<regular expression, debugging>
2777 X<regex, debugging> X<regexp, debugging>
2779 =item Debugging memory usage
2788 =head2 perlvar - Perl predefined variables
2796 =item Predefined Names
2798 $ARG, $_ X<$_> X<$ARG>, $a, $b X<$a> X<$b>, $<I<digits>> X<$1> X<$2> X<$3>,
2799 $MATCH, $& X<$&> X<$MATCH>, ${^MATCH} X<${^MATCH}>, $PREMATCH, $` X<$`>
2800 X<$PREMATCH>, ${^PREMATCH} X<${^PREMATCH}>, $POSTMATCH, $' X<$'>
2801 X<$POSTMATCH>, ${^POSTMATCH} X<${^POSTMATCH}>, $LAST_PAREN_MATCH, $+ X<$+>
2802 X<$LAST_PAREN_MATCH>, $LAST_SUBMATCH_RESULT, $^N X<$^N>, @LAST_MATCH_END,
2803 @+ X<@+> X<@LAST_MATCH_END>, %+ X<%+>, HANDLE->input_line_number(EXPR),
2804 $INPUT_LINE_NUMBER, $NR, $. X<$.> X<$NR> X<$INPUT_LINE_NUMBER> X<line
2805 number>, IO::Handle->input_record_separator(EXPR), $INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR,
2806 $RS, $/ X<$/> X<$RS> X<$INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR>, HANDLE->autoflush(EXPR),
2807 $OUTPUT_AUTOFLUSH, $| X<$|> X<autoflush> X<flush> X<$OUTPUT_AUTOFLUSH>,
2808 IO::Handle->output_field_separator EXPR, $OUTPUT_FIELD_SEPARATOR, $OFS, $,
2809 X<$,> X<$OFS> X<$OUTPUT_FIELD_SEPARATOR>,
2810 IO::Handle->output_record_separator EXPR, $OUTPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $ORS,
2811 $\ X<$\> X<$ORS> X<$OUTPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR>, $LIST_SEPARATOR, $" X<$">
2812 X<$LIST_SEPARATOR>, $SUBSCRIPT_SEPARATOR, $SUBSEP, $; X<$;> X<$SUBSEP>
2813 X<SUBSCRIPT_SEPARATOR>, HANDLE->format_page_number(EXPR),
2814 $FORMAT_PAGE_NUMBER, $% X<$%> X<$FORMAT_PAGE_NUMBER>,
2815 HANDLE->format_lines_per_page(EXPR), $FORMAT_LINES_PER_PAGE, $= X<$=>
2816 X<$FORMAT_LINES_PER_PAGE>, HANDLE->format_lines_left(EXPR),
2817 $FORMAT_LINES_LEFT, $- X<$-> X<$FORMAT_LINES_LEFT>, @LAST_MATCH_START, @-
2818 X<@-> X<@LAST_MATCH_START>, C<$`> is the same as C<substr($var, 0, $-[0])>,
2819 C<$&> is the same as C<substr($var, $-[0], $+[0] - $-[0])>, C<$'> is the
2820 same as C<substr($var, $+[0])>, C<$1> is the same as C<substr($var, $-[1],
2821 $+[1] - $-[1])>, C<$2> is the same as C<substr($var, $-[2], $+[2] -
2822 $-[2])>, C<$3> is the same as C<substr($var, $-[3], $+[3] - $-[3])>, %-
2823 X<%->, HANDLE->format_name(EXPR), $FORMAT_NAME, $~ X<$~> X<$FORMAT_NAME>,
2824 HANDLE->format_top_name(EXPR), $FORMAT_TOP_NAME, $^ X<$^>
2825 X<$FORMAT_TOP_NAME>, IO::Handle->format_line_break_characters EXPR,
2826 $FORMAT_LINE_BREAK_CHARACTERS, $: X<$:> X<FORMAT_LINE_BREAK_CHARACTERS>,
2827 IO::Handle->format_formfeed EXPR, $FORMAT_FORMFEED, $^L X<$^L>
2828 X<$FORMAT_FORMFEED>, $ACCUMULATOR, $^A X<$^A> X<$ACCUMULATOR>,
2829 $CHILD_ERROR, $? X<$?> X<$CHILD_ERROR>, ${^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE}
2830 X<$^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE>, ${^ENCODING} X<$^ENCODING>, $OS_ERROR, $ERRNO, $!
2831 X<$!> X<$ERRNO> X<$OS_ERROR>, %OS_ERROR, %ERRNO, %! X<%!>,
2832 $EXTENDED_OS_ERROR, $^E X<$^E> X<$EXTENDED_OS_ERROR>, $EVAL_ERROR, $@ X<$@>
2833 X<$EVAL_ERROR>, $PROCESS_ID, $PID, $$ X<$$> X<$PID> X<$PROCESS_ID>,
2834 $REAL_USER_ID, $UID, $< X<< $< >> X<$UID> X<$REAL_USER_ID>,
2835 $EFFECTIVE_USER_ID, $EUID, $> X<< $> >> X<$EUID> X<$EFFECTIVE_USER_ID>,
2836 $REAL_GROUP_ID, $GID, $( X<$(> X<$GID> X<$REAL_GROUP_ID>,
2837 $EFFECTIVE_GROUP_ID, $EGID, $) X<$)> X<$EGID> X<$EFFECTIVE_GROUP_ID>,
2838 $PROGRAM_NAME, $0 X<$0> X<$PROGRAM_NAME>, $[ X<$[>, $] X<$]>, $COMPILING,
2839 $^C X<$^C> X<$COMPILING>, $DEBUGGING, $^D X<$^D> X<$DEBUGGING>,
2840 ${^RE_DEBUG_FLAGS}, ${^RE_TRIE_MAXBUF}, $SYSTEM_FD_MAX, $^F X<$^F>
2841 X<$SYSTEM_FD_MAX>, $^H, %^H, $INPLACE_EDIT, $^I X<$^I> X<$INPLACE_EDIT>,
2842 $^M X<$^M>, $OSNAME, $^O X<$^O> X<$OSNAME>, ${^OPEN}, $PERLDB, $^P X<$^P>
2843 X<$PERLDB>, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80, 0x100, 0x200,
2844 0x400, $LAST_REGEXP_CODE_RESULT, $^R X<$^R> X<$LAST_REGEXP_CODE_RESULT>,
2845 $EXCEPTIONS_BEING_CAUGHT, $^S X<$^S> X<$EXCEPTIONS_BEING_CAUGHT>,
2846 $BASETIME, $^T X<$^T> X<$BASETIME>, ${^TAINT}, ${^UNICODE}, ${^UTF8CACHE},
2847 ${^UTF8LOCALE}, $PERL_VERSION, $^V X<$^V> X<$PERL_VERSION>, $WARNING, $^W
2848 X<$^W> X<$WARNING>, ${^WARNING_BITS}, ${^WIN32_SLOPPY_STAT},
2849 $EXECUTABLE_NAME, $^X X<$^X> X<$EXECUTABLE_NAME>, ARGV X<ARGV>, $ARGV
2850 X<$ARGV>, @ARGV X<@ARGV>, ARGVOUT X<ARGVOUT>, @F X<@F>, @INC X<@INC>, @ARG,
2851 @_ X<@_> X<@ARG>, %INC X<%INC>, %ENV, $ENV{expr} X<%ENV>, %SIG, $SIG{expr}
2854 =item Error Indicators
2855 X<error> X<exception>
2857 =item Technical Note on the Syntax of Variable Names
2865 =head2 perlre - Perl regular expressions
2875 m X</m> X<regex, multiline> X<regexp, multiline> X<regular expression,
2876 multiline>, s X</s> X<regex, single-line> X<regexp, single-line> X<regular
2877 expression, single-line>, i X</i> X<regex, case-insensitive> X<regexp,
2878 case-insensitive> X<regular expression, case-insensitive>, x X</x>, p X</p>
2879 X<regex, preserve> X<regexp, preserve>, g and c X</g> X</c>
2881 =item Regular Expressions
2883 [1], [2], [3], cntrl X<cntrl>, graph X<graph>, print X<print>, punct
2884 X<punct>, xdigit X<xdigit>
2886 =item Extended Patterns
2888 C<(?#text)> X<(?#)>, C<(?pimsx-imsx)> X<(?)>, C<(?:pattern)> X<(?:)>,
2889 C<(?imsx-imsx:pattern)>, C<(?|pattern)> X<(?|)> X<Branch reset>,
2890 Look-Around Assertions X<look-around assertion> X<lookaround assertion>
2891 X<look-around> X<lookaround>, C<(?=pattern)> X<(?=)> X<look-ahead,
2892 positive> X<lookahead, positive>, C<(?!pattern)> X<(?!)> X<look-ahead,
2893 negative> X<lookahead, negative>, C<(?<=pattern)> C<\K> X<(?<=)>
2894 X<look-behind, positive> X<lookbehind, positive> X<\K>, C<(?<!pattern)>
2895 X<(?<!)> X<look-behind, negative> X<lookbehind, negative>,
2896 C<(?'NAME'pattern)>, C<< (?<NAME>pattern) >> X<< (?<NAME>) >> X<(?'NAME')>
2897 X<named capture> X<capture>, C<< \k<NAME> >>, C<< \k'NAME' >>, C<(?{ code
2898 })> X<(?{})> X<regex, code in> X<regexp, code in> X<regular expression,
2899 code in>, C<(??{ code })> X<(??{})> X<regex, postponed> X<regexp,
2900 postponed> X<regular expression, postponed>, C<(?PARNO)> C<(?-PARNO)>
2901 C<(?+PARNO)> C<(?R)> C<(?0)> X<(?PARNO)> X<(?1)> X<(?R)> X<(?0)> X<(?-1)>
2902 X<(?+1)> X<(?-PARNO)> X<(?+PARNO)> X<regex, recursive> X<regexp, recursive>
2903 X<regular expression, recursive> X<regex, relative recursion>, C<(?&NAME)>
2904 X<(?&NAME)>, C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)> X<(?()>,
2905 C<(?(condition)yes-pattern)>, (1) (2) .., (<NAME>) ('NAME'), (?{ CODE }),
2906 (R), (R1) (R2) .., (R&NAME), (DEFINE), C<< (?>pattern) >> X<backtrack>
2907 X<backtracking> X<atomic> X<possessive>
2909 =item Special Backtracking Control Verbs
2911 Verbs that take an argument, C<(*PRUNE)> C<(*PRUNE:NAME)> X<(*PRUNE)>
2912 X<(*PRUNE:NAME)>, C<(*SKIP)> C<(*SKIP:NAME)> X<(*SKIP)>, C<(*MARK:NAME)>
2913 C<(*:NAME)> X<(*MARK)> C<(*MARK:NAME)> C<(*:NAME)>, C<(*THEN)>
2914 C<(*THEN:NAME)>, C<(*COMMIT)> X<(*COMMIT)>, Verbs without an argument,
2915 C<(*FAIL)> C<(*F)> X<(*FAIL)> X<(*F)>, C<(*ACCEPT)> X<(*ACCEPT)>
2918 X<backtrack> X<backtracking>
2920 =item Version 8 Regular Expressions
2921 X<regular expression, version 8> X<regex, version 8> X<regexp, version 8>
2923 =item Warning on \1 Instead of $1
2925 =item Repeated Patterns Matching a Zero-length Substring
2927 =item Combining RE Pieces
2929 C<ST>, C<S|T>, C<S{REPEAT_COUNT}>, C<S{min,max}>, C<S{min,max}?>, C<S?>,
2930 C<S*>, C<S+>, C<S??>, C<S*?>, C<S+?>, C<< (?>S) >>, C<(?=S)>, C<(?<=S)>,
2931 C<(?!S)>, C<(?<!S)>, C<(??{ EXPR })>, C<(?PARNO)>,
2932 C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)>
2934 =item Creating Custom RE Engines
2938 =item PCRE/Python Support
2940 C<< (?PE<lt>NAMEE<gt>pattern) >>, C<< (?P=NAME) >>, C<< (?P>NAME) >>
2948 =head2 perlrebackslash - Perl Regular Expression Backslash Sequences and
2961 =item All the sequences and escapes
2963 =item Character Escapes
2969 =item Character classes
2975 \A, \z, \Z, \G, \b, \B
2985 =head2 perlrecharclass - Perl Regular Expression Character Classes
2995 =item Backslashed sequences
2999 =item Bracketed Character Classes
3001 cntrl, graph, print, punct
3003 =item Locale, Unicode and UTF-8
3009 =head2 perlreref - Perl Regular Expressions Reference
3021 =item ESCAPE SEQUENCES
3023 =item CHARACTER CLASSES
3029 =item EXTENDED CONSTRUCTS
3047 =head2 perlref - Perl references and nested data structures
3057 =item Making References
3058 X<reference, creation> X<referencing>
3060 1. X<\> X<backslash>, 2. X<array, anonymous> X<[> X<[]> X<square bracket>
3061 X<bracket, square> X<arrayref> X<array reference> X<reference, array>, 3.
3062 X<hash, anonymous> X<{> X<{}> X<curly bracket> X<bracket, curly> X<brace>
3063 X<hashref> X<hash reference> X<reference, hash>, 4. X<subroutine,
3064 anonymous> X<subroutine, reference> X<reference, subroutine> X<scope,
3065 lexical> X<closure> X<lexical> X<lexical scope>, 5. X<constructor> X<new>,
3066 6. X<autovivification>, 7. X<*foo{THING}> X<*>
3068 =item Using References
3069 X<reference, use> X<dereferencing> X<dereference>
3071 =item Symbolic references
3072 X<reference, symbolic> X<reference, soft>
3073 X<symbolic reference> X<soft reference>
3075 =item Not-so-symbolic references
3077 =item Pseudo-hashes: Using an array as a hash
3078 X<pseudo-hash> X<pseudo hash> X<pseudohash>
3080 =item Function Templates
3081 X<scope, lexical> X<closure> X<lexical> X<lexical scope>
3082 X<subroutine, nested> X<sub, nested> X<subroutine, local> X<sub, local>
3087 X<reference, string context> X<reference, use as hash key>
3093 =head2 perlform - Perl formats
3102 X<format, text field>
3104 =item Numeric Fields
3105 X<#> X<format, numeric field>
3107 =item The Field @* for Variable Width Multi-Line Text
3110 =item The Field ^* for Variable Width One-line-at-a-time Text
3113 =item Specifying Values
3114 X<format, specifying values>
3116 =item Using Fill Mode
3117 X<format, fill mode>
3119 =item Suppressing Lines Where All Fields Are Void
3120 X<format, suppressing lines>
3122 =item Repeating Format Lines
3123 X<format, repeating lines>
3125 =item Top of Form Processing
3126 X<format, top of form> X<top> X<header>
3128 =item Format Variables
3130 X<format, variables>
3139 X<format, footer> X<footer>
3141 =item Accessing Formatting Internals
3142 X<format, internals>
3150 =head2 perlobj - Perl objects
3158 =item An Object is Simply a Reference
3159 X<object> X<bless> X<constructor> X<new>
3161 =item A Class is Simply a Package
3162 X<class> X<package> X<@ISA> X<inheritance>
3164 =item A Method is Simply a Subroutine
3167 =item Method Invocation
3168 X<invocation> X<method> X<arrow> X<< -> >>
3170 =item Indirect Object Syntax
3171 X<indirect object syntax> X<invocation, indirect> X<indirect>
3173 =item Default UNIVERSAL methods
3176 isa(CLASS) X<isa>, can(METHOD) X<can>, VERSION( [NEED] ) X<VERSION>
3179 X<destructor> X<DESTROY>
3183 =item Two-Phased Garbage Collection
3184 X<garbage collection> X<GC> X<circular reference>
3185 X<reference, circular> X<DESTROY> X<destructor>
3193 =head2 perltie - how to hide an object class in a simple variable
3206 TIESCALAR classname, LIST X<TIESCALAR>, FETCH this X<FETCH>, STORE this,
3207 value X<STORE>, UNTIE this X<UNTIE>, DESTROY this X<DESTROY>
3212 TIEARRAY classname, LIST X<TIEARRAY>, FETCH this, index X<FETCH>, STORE
3213 this, index, value X<STORE>, FETCHSIZE this X<FETCHSIZE>, STORESIZE this,
3214 count X<STORESIZE>, EXTEND this, count X<EXTEND>, EXISTS this, key
3215 X<EXISTS>, DELETE this, key X<DELETE>, CLEAR this X<CLEAR>, PUSH this, LIST
3216 X<PUSH>, POP this X<POP>, SHIFT this X<SHIFT>, UNSHIFT this, LIST
3217 X<UNSHIFT>, SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST X<SPLICE>, UNTIE this
3218 X<UNTIE>, DESTROY this X<DESTROY>
3223 USER, HOME, CLOBBER, LIST, TIEHASH classname, LIST X<TIEHASH>, FETCH this,
3224 key X<FETCH>, STORE this, key, value X<STORE>, DELETE this, key X<DELETE>,
3225 CLEAR this X<CLEAR>, EXISTS this, key X<EXISTS>, FIRSTKEY this X<FIRSTKEY>,
3226 NEXTKEY this, lastkey X<NEXTKEY>, SCALAR this X<SCALAR>, UNTIE this
3227 X<UNTIE>, DESTROY this X<DESTROY>
3229 =item Tying FileHandles
3230 X<filehandle, tying>
3232 TIEHANDLE classname, LIST X<TIEHANDLE>, WRITE this, LIST X<WRITE>, PRINT
3233 this, LIST X<PRINT>, PRINTF this, LIST X<PRINTF>, READ this, LIST X<READ>,
3234 READLINE this X<READLINE>, GETC this X<GETC>, CLOSE this X<CLOSE>, UNTIE
3235 this X<UNTIE>, DESTROY this X<DESTROY>
3240 =item The C<untie> Gotcha
3253 =head2 perldbmfilter - Perl DBM Filters
3261 B<filter_store_key>, B<filter_store_value>, B<filter_fetch_key>,
3262 B<filter_fetch_value>
3268 =item An Example -- the NULL termination problem.
3270 =item Another Example -- Key is a C int.
3280 =head2 perlipc - Perl interprocess communication (signals, fifos, pipes,
3281 safe subprocesses, sockets, and semaphores)
3291 =item Handling the SIGHUP Signal in Daemons
3299 =item Deferred Signals (Safe Signals)
3301 Long-running opcodes, Interrupting IO, Restartable system calls, Signals as
3302 "faults", Signals triggered by operating system state
3306 =item Using open() for IPC
3312 =item Background Processes
3314 =item Complete Dissociation of Child from Parent
3316 =item Safe Pipe Opens
3318 =item Bidirectional Communication with Another Process
3320 =item Bidirectional Communication with Yourself
3324 =item Sockets: Client/Server Communication
3328 =item Internet Line Terminators
3330 =item Internet TCP Clients and Servers
3332 =item Unix-Domain TCP Clients and Servers
3336 =item TCP Clients with IO::Socket
3340 =item A Simple Client
3342 C<Proto>, C<PeerAddr>, C<PeerPort>
3344 =item A Webget Client
3346 =item Interactive Client with IO::Socket
3350 =item TCP Servers with IO::Socket
3352 Proto, LocalPort, Listen, Reuse
3354 =item UDP: Message Passing
3368 =head2 perlfork - Perl's fork() emulation
3378 =item Behavior of other Perl features in forked pseudo-processes
3380 $$ or $PROCESS_ID, %ENV, chdir() and all other builtins that accept
3381 filenames, wait() and waitpid(), kill(), exec(), exit(), Open handles to
3382 files, directories and network sockets
3384 =item Resource limits
3386 =item Killing the parent process
3388 =item Lifetime of the parent process and pseudo-processes
3390 =item CAVEATS AND LIMITATIONS
3392 BEGIN blocks, Open filehandles, Forking pipe open() not yet implemented,
3393 Global state maintained by XSUBs, Interpreter embedded in larger
3394 application, Thread-safety of extensions
3406 =head2 perlnumber - semantics of numbers and numeric operations in Perl
3414 =item Storing numbers
3416 =item Numeric operators and numeric conversions
3418 =item Flavors of Perl numeric operations
3420 Arithmetic operators, ++, Arithmetic operators during C<use integer>, Other
3421 mathematical operators, Bitwise operators, Bitwise operators during C<use
3422 integer>, Operators which expect an integer, Operators which expect a
3431 =head2 perlthrtut - Tutorial on threads in Perl
3437 =item What Is A Thread Anyway?
3439 =item Threaded Program Models
3451 =item What kind of threads are Perl threads?
3453 =item Thread-Safe Modules
3459 =item Basic Thread Support
3461 =item A Note about the Examples
3463 =item Creating Threads
3465 =item Waiting For A Thread To Exit
3467 =item Ignoring A Thread
3471 =item Threads And Data
3475 =item Shared And Unshared Data
3477 =item Thread Pitfalls: Races
3481 =item Synchronization and control
3485 =item Controlling access: lock()
3487 =item A Thread Pitfall: Deadlocks
3489 =item Queues: Passing Data Around
3491 =item Semaphores: Synchronizing Data Access
3493 =item Basic semaphores
3495 =item Advanced Semaphores
3497 =item Waiting for a Condition
3499 =item Giving up control
3503 =item General Thread Utility Routines
3507 =item What Thread Am I In?
3511 =item Are These Threads The Same?
3513 =item What Threads Are Running?
3517 =item A Complete Example
3519 =item Different implementations of threads
3521 =item Performance considerations
3523 =item Process-scope Changes
3525 =item Thread-Safety of System Libraries
3535 =item Introductory Texts
3537 =item OS-Related References
3539 =item Other References
3543 =item Acknowledgements
3551 =head2 perlothrtut - old tutorial on threads in Perl
3557 =item What Is A Thread Anyway?
3559 =item Threaded Program Models
3571 =item Native threads
3573 =item What kind of threads are perl threads?
3575 =item Threadsafe Modules
3581 =item Basic Thread Support
3583 =item Creating Threads
3585 =item Giving up control
3587 =item Waiting For A Thread To Exit
3589 =item Errors In Threads
3591 =item Ignoring A Thread
3595 =item Threads And Data
3599 =item Shared And Unshared Data
3601 =item Thread Pitfall: Races
3603 =item Controlling access: lock()
3605 =item Thread Pitfall: Deadlocks
3607 =item Queues: Passing Data Around
3611 =item Threads And Code
3615 =item Semaphores: Synchronizing Data Access
3617 Basic semaphores, Advanced Semaphores
3619 =item Attributes: Restricting Access To Subroutines
3621 =item Subroutine Locks
3625 =item Locking A Subroutine
3629 =item General Thread Utility Routines
3633 =item What Thread Am I In?
3637 =item Are These Threads The Same?
3639 =item What Threads Are Running?
3643 =item A Complete Example
3651 =item Introductory Texts
3653 =item OS-Related References
3655 =item Other References
3659 =item Acknowledgements
3667 =head2 perlport - Writing portable Perl
3673 Not all Perl programs have to be portable, Nearly all of Perl already I<is>
3682 =item Numbers endianness and Width
3684 =item Files and Filesystems
3686 =item System Interaction
3688 =item Command names versus file pathnames
3692 =item Interprocess Communication (IPC)
3694 =item External Subroutines (XS)
3696 =item Standard Modules
3700 =item Character sets and character encoding
3702 =item Internationalisation
3704 =item System Resources
3720 =item DOS and Derivatives
3728 =item EBCDIC Platforms
3736 =item FUNCTION IMPLEMENTATIONS
3740 =item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions
3742 -I<X>, atan2, binmode, chmod, chown, chroot, crypt, dbmclose, dbmopen,
3743 dump, exec, exit, fcntl, flock, fork, getlogin, getpgrp, getppid,
3744 getpriority, getpwnam, getgrnam, getnetbyname, getpwuid, getgrgid,
3745 getnetbyaddr, getprotobynumber, getservbyport, getpwent, getgrent,
3746 gethostbyname, gethostent, getnetent, getprotoent, getservent, sethostent,
3747 setnetent, setprotoent, setservent, endpwent, endgrent, endhostent,
3748 endnetent, endprotoent, endservent, getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob,
3749 gmtime, ioctl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, kill, link, localtime, lstat,
3750 msgctl, msgget, msgsnd, msgrcv, open, pipe, readlink, rename, select,
3751 semctl, semget, semop, setgrent, setpgrp, setpriority, setpwent,
3752 setsockopt, shmctl, shmget, shmread, shmwrite, sockatmark, socketpair,
3753 stat, symlink, syscall, sysopen, system, times, truncate, umask, utime,
3758 =item Supported Platforms
3762 =item AUTHORS / CONTRIBUTORS
3766 =head2 perllocale - Perl locale handling (internationalization and
3773 =item PREPARING TO USE LOCALES
3779 =item The use locale pragma
3781 =item The setlocale function
3783 =item Finding locales
3785 =item LOCALE PROBLEMS
3787 =item Temporarily fixing locale problems
3789 =item Permanently fixing locale problems
3791 =item Permanently fixing your system's locale configuration
3793 =item Fixing system locale configuration
3795 =item The localeconv function
3797 =item I18N::Langinfo
3801 =item LOCALE CATEGORIES
3805 =item Category LC_COLLATE: Collation
3807 =item Category LC_CTYPE: Character Types
3809 =item Category LC_NUMERIC: Numeric Formatting
3811 =item Category LC_MONETARY: Formatting of monetary amounts
3815 =item Other categories
3823 PERL_BADLANG, LC_ALL, LANGUAGE, LC_CTYPE, LC_COLLATE, LC_MONETARY,
3824 LC_NUMERIC, LC_TIME, LANG
3836 =item Backward compatibility
3838 =item I18N:Collate obsolete
3840 =item Sort speed and memory use impacts
3842 =item write() and LC_NUMERIC
3844 =item Freely available locale definitions
3848 =item An imperfect standard
3852 =item Unicode and UTF-8
3858 =item Broken systems
3868 =head2 perluniintro - Perl Unicode introduction
3878 =item Perl's Unicode Support
3880 =item Perl's Unicode Model
3882 =item Unicode and EBCDIC
3884 =item Creating Unicode
3886 =item Handling Unicode
3888 =item Legacy Encodings
3892 =item Displaying Unicode As Text
3896 =item Advanced Topics
3900 =item Questions With Answers
3902 =item Hexadecimal Notation
3904 =item Further Resources
3908 =item UNICODE IN OLDER PERLS
3912 =item ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
3914 =item AUTHOR, COPYRIGHT, AND LICENSE
3918 =head2 perlunicode - Unicode support in Perl
3926 =item Important Caveats
3928 Input and Output Layers, Regular Expressions, C<use utf8> still needed to
3929 enable UTF-8/UTF-EBCDIC in scripts, BOM-marked scripts and UTF-16 scripts
3930 autodetected, C<use encoding> needed to upgrade non-Latin-1 byte strings
3932 =item Byte and Character Semantics
3934 =item Effects of Character Semantics
3936 =item Unicode Character Properties
3938 General Category, Bidirectional Character Types, Scripts, Extended property
3939 classes, Use of "Is" Prefix, Blocks
3941 =item User-Defined Character Properties
3943 =item User-Defined Case Mappings
3945 =item Character Encodings for Input and Output
3947 =item Unicode Regular Expression Support Level
3949 =item Unicode Encodings
3951 =item Security Implications of Unicode
3953 =item Unicode in Perl on EBCDIC
3957 =item When Unicode Does Not Happen
3959 =item Forcing Unicode in Perl (Or Unforcing Unicode in Perl)
3961 =item Using Unicode in XS
3969 =item Interaction with Locales
3971 =item Interaction with Extensions
3975 =item Porting code from perl-5.6.X
3983 =head2 perlunifaq - Perl Unicode FAQ
3991 =item perlunitut isn't really a Unicode tutorial, is it?
3993 =item What character encodings does Perl support?
3995 =item Which version of perl should I use?
3997 =item What about binary data, like images?
3999 =item When should I decode or encode?
4001 =item What if I don't decode?
4003 =item What if I don't encode?
4005 =item Is there a way to automatically decode or encode?
4007 =item What if I don't know which encoding was used?
4009 =item Can I use Unicode in my Perl sources?
4011 =item Data::Dumper doesn't restore the UTF8 flag; is it broken?
4013 =item Why do regex character classes sometimes match only in the ASCII
4016 =item Why do some characters not uppercase or lowercase correctly?
4018 =item How can I determine if a string is a text string or a binary string?
4020 =item How do I convert from encoding FOO to encoding BAR?
4022 =item What are C<decode_utf8> and C<encode_utf8>?
4024 =item What is a "wide character"?
4032 =item What is "the UTF8 flag"?
4034 =item What about the C<use bytes> pragma?
4036 =item What about the C<use encoding> pragma?
4038 =item What is the difference between C<:encoding> and C<:utf8>?
4040 =item What's the difference between C<UTF-8> and C<utf8>?
4042 =item I lost track; what encoding is the internal format really?
4052 =head2 perlunitut - Perl Unicode Tutorial
4062 =item Your new toolkit
4064 =item I/O flow (the actual 5 minute tutorial)
4070 =item Q and A (or FAQ)
4072 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
4080 =head2 perlebcdic - Considerations for running Perl on EBCDIC platforms
4086 =item COMMON CHARACTER CODE SETS
4094 =item Latin 1 (ISO 8859-1)
4098 =item 13 variant characters
4106 =item Unicode code points versus EBCDIC code points
4108 =item Remaining Perl Unicode problems in EBCDIC
4110 =item Unicode and UTF
4116 =item SINGLE OCTET TABLES
4118 recipe 0, recipe 1, recipe 2, recipe 3, recipe 4, recipe 5, recipe 6
4120 =item IDENTIFYING CHARACTER CODE SETS
4134 =item OPERATOR DIFFERENCES
4136 =item FUNCTION DIFFERENCES
4138 chr(), ord(), pack(), print(), printf(), sort(), sprintf(), unpack()
4140 =item REGULAR EXPRESSION DIFFERENCES
4148 =item Ignore ASCII vs. EBCDIC sort differences.
4150 =item MONO CASE then sort data.
4152 =item Convert, sort data, then re convert.
4154 =item Perform sorting on one type of machine only.
4158 =item TRANSFORMATION FORMATS
4162 =item URL decoding and encoding
4164 =item uu encoding and decoding
4166 =item Quoted-Printable encoding and decoding
4168 =item Caesarian ciphers
4172 =item Hashing order and checksums
4176 =item MULTI OCTET CHARACTER SETS
4188 chcp, dataset access, OS/390, z/OS iconv, locales
4208 =head2 perlsec - Perl security
4216 =item Laundering and Detecting Tainted Data
4218 =item Switches On the "#!" Line
4220 =item Taint mode and @INC
4222 =item Cleaning Up Your Path
4226 =item Protecting Your Programs
4230 =item Algorithmic Complexity Attacks
4238 =head2 perlmod - Perl modules (packages and symbol tables)
4247 X<package> X<namespace> X<variable, global> X<global variable> X<global>
4250 X<symbol table> X<stash> X<%::> X<%main::> X<typeglob> X<glob> X<alias>
4252 =item BEGIN, UNITCHECK, CHECK, INIT and END
4253 X<BEGIN> X<UNITCHECK> X<CHECK> X<INIT> X<END>
4261 =item Making your module threadsafe
4262 X<threadsafe> X<thread safe>
4263 X<module, threadsafe> X<module, thread safe>
4264 X<CLONE> X<CLONE_SKIP> X<thread> X<threads> X<ithread>
4272 =head2 perlmodlib - constructing new Perl modules and finding existing ones
4276 =item THE PERL MODULE LIBRARY
4280 =item Pragmatic Modules
4282 attributes, attrs, autouse, base, bigint, bignum, bigrat, blib, bytes,
4283 charnames, constant, diagnostics, encoding, encoding::warnings, feature,
4284 fields, filetest, if, integer, less, lib, locale, mro, open, ops, overload,
4285 re, sigtrap, sort, strict, subs, threads, threads::shared, utf8, vars,
4286 version, vmsish, warnings, warnings::register
4288 =item Standard Modules
4290 AnyDBM_File, Archive::Extract, Archive::Tar, Archive::Tar::File,
4291 Attribute::Handlers, AutoLoader, AutoSplit, B, B::Concise, B::Debug,
4292 B::Deparse, B::Lint, B::Showlex, B::Terse, B::Xref, Benchmark, CGI,
4293 CGI::Apache, CGI::Carp, CGI::Cookie, CGI::Fast, CGI::Pretty, CGI::Push,
4294 CGI::Switch, CGI::Util, CORE, CPAN, CPAN::API::HOWTO, CPAN::FirstTime,
4295 CPAN::Kwalify, CPAN::Nox, CPAN::Version, CPANPLUS, CPANPLUS::Dist::Base,
4296 CPANPLUS::Dist::Sample, CPANPLUS::Shell::Classic,
4297 CPANPLUS::Shell::Default::Plugins::HOWTO, Carp, Carp::Heavy, Class::ISA,
4298 Class::Struct, Compress::Raw::Zlib, Compress::Zlib, Config, Cwd, DB,
4299 DBM_Filter, DBM_Filter::compress, DBM_Filter::encode, DBM_Filter::int32,
4300 DBM_Filter::null, DBM_Filter::utf8, DB_File, Data::Dumper, Devel::DProf,
4301 Devel::InnerPackage, Devel::Peek, Devel::SelfStubber, Digest, Digest::MD5,
4302 Digest::SHA, Digest::base, Digest::file, DirHandle, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader,
4303 Encode, Encode::Alias, Encode::Byte, Encode::CJKConstants, Encode::CN,
4304 Encode::CN::HZ, Encode::Config, Encode::EBCDIC, Encode::Encoder,
4305 Encode::Encoding, Encode::GSM0338, Encode::Guess, Encode::JP,
4306 Encode::JP::H2Z, Encode::JP::JIS7, Encode::KR, Encode::KR::2022_KR,
4307 Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::MIME::Name, Encode::PerlIO,
4308 Encode::Supported, Encode::Symbol, Encode::TW, Encode::Unicode,
4309 Encode::Unicode::UTF7, English, Env, Errno, Exporter, Exporter::Heavy,
4310 ExtUtils::CBuilder, ExtUtils::CBuilder::Platform::Windows,
4311 ExtUtils::Command, ExtUtils::Command::MM, ExtUtils::Constant,
4312 ExtUtils::Constant::Base, ExtUtils::Constant::Utils,
4313 ExtUtils::Constant::XS, ExtUtils::Embed, ExtUtils::Install,
4314 ExtUtils::Installed, ExtUtils::Liblist, ExtUtils::MM, ExtUtils::MM_AIX,
4315 ExtUtils::MM_Any, ExtUtils::MM_BeOS, ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin, ExtUtils::MM_DOS,
4316 ExtUtils::MM_MacOS, ExtUtils::MM_NW5, ExtUtils::MM_OS2, ExtUtils::MM_QNX,
4317 ExtUtils::MM_UWIN, ExtUtils::MM_Unix, ExtUtils::MM_VMS, ExtUtils::MM_VOS,
4318 ExtUtils::MM_Win32, ExtUtils::MM_Win95, ExtUtils::MY, ExtUtils::MakeMaker,
4319 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Config, ExtUtils::MakeMaker::FAQ,
4320 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Tutorial, ExtUtils::MakeMaker::bytes,
4321 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::vmsish, ExtUtils::Manifest, ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap,
4322 ExtUtils::Mksymlists, ExtUtils::Packlist, ExtUtils::ParseXS,
4323 ExtUtils::testlib, Fatal, Fcntl, File::Basename, File::CheckTree,
4324 File::Compare, File::Copy, File::DosGlob, File::Fetch, File::Find,
4325 File::Glob, File::GlobMapper, File::Path, File::Spec, File::Spec::Cygwin,
4326 File::Spec::Epoc, File::Spec::Functions, File::Spec::Mac, File::Spec::OS2,
4327 File::Spec::Unix, File::Spec::VMS, File::Spec::Win32, File::Temp,
4328 File::stat, FileCache, FileHandle, Filter::Simple, Filter::Util::Call,
4329 FindBin, GDBM_File, Getopt::Long, Getopt::Std, Hash::Util,
4330 Hash::Util::FieldHash, I18N::Collate, I18N::LangTags,
4331 I18N::LangTags::Detect, I18N::LangTags::List, I18N::Langinfo, IO,
4332 IO::Compress::Base, IO::Compress::Deflate, IO::Compress::Gzip,
4333 IO::Compress::RawDeflate, IO::Compress::Zip, IO::Dir, IO::File, IO::Handle,
4334 IO::Pipe, IO::Poll, IO::Seekable, IO::Select, IO::Socket, IO::Socket::INET,
4335 IO::Socket::UNIX, IO::Uncompress::AnyInflate,
4336 IO::Uncompress::AnyUncompress, IO::Uncompress::Base,
4337 IO::Uncompress::Gunzip, IO::Uncompress::Inflate,
4338 IO::Uncompress::RawInflate, IO::Uncompress::Unzip, IO::Zlib, IPC::Cmd,
4339 IPC::Open2, IPC::Open3, IPC::SysV, IPC::SysV::Msg, IPC::SysV::Semaphore,
4340 List::Util, Locale::Constants, Locale::Country, Locale::Currency,
4341 Locale::Language, Locale::Maketext, Locale::Maketext::Simple,
4342 Locale::Maketext::TPJ13, Locale::Script, Log::Message,
4343 Log::Message::Config, Log::Message::Handlers, Log::Message::Item,
4344 MIME::Base64, MIME::QuotedPrint, Math::BigFloat, Math::BigInt,
4345 Math::BigInt::Calc, Math::BigInt::CalcEmu, Math::BigInt::FastCalc,
4346 Math::BigRat, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Memoize, Memoize::AnyDBM_File,
4347 Memoize::Expire, Memoize::ExpireFile, Memoize::ExpireTest,
4348 Memoize::NDBM_File, Memoize::SDBM_File, Memoize::Storable, Module::Build,
4349 Module::Build::API, Module::Build::Authoring, Module::Build::Base,
4350 Module::Build::Compat, Module::Build::ConfigData, Module::Build::Cookbook,
4351 Module::Build::ModuleInfo, Module::Build::Notes, Module::Build::PPMMaker,
4352 Module::Build::Platform::Amiga, Module::Build::Platform::Default,
4353 Module::Build::Platform::EBCDIC, Module::Build::Platform::MPEiX,
4354 Module::Build::Platform::MacOS, Module::Build::Platform::RiscOS,
4355 Module::Build::Platform::Unix, Module::Build::Platform::VMS,
4356 Module::Build::Platform::VOS, Module::Build::Platform::Windows,
4357 Module::Build::Platform::aix, Module::Build::Platform::cygwin,
4358 Module::Build::Platform::darwin, Module::Build::Platform::os2,
4359 Module::Build::YAML, Module::CoreList, Module::Load,
4360 Module::Load::Conditional, Module::Loaded, Module::Pluggable,
4361 Module::Pluggable::Object, NDBM_File, NEXT, Net::Cmd, Net::Config,
4362 Net::Domain, Net::FTP, Net::NNTP, Net::Netrc, Net::POP3, Net::Ping,
4363 Net::SMTP, Net::Time, Net::hostent, Net::libnetFAQ, Net::netent,
4364 Net::protoent, Net::servent, O, ODBM_File, Opcode, POSIX,
4365 Package::Constants, Params::Check, PerlIO, PerlIO::encoding,
4366 PerlIO::scalar, PerlIO::via, PerlIO::via::QuotedPrint, Pod::Checker,
4367 Pod::Escapes, Pod::Find, Pod::Functions, Pod::Html, Pod::InputObjects,
4368 Pod::LaTeX, Pod::Man, Pod::ParseLink, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Parser,
4369 Pod::Perldoc::ToChecker, Pod::Perldoc::ToMan, Pod::Perldoc::ToNroff,
4370 Pod::Perldoc::ToPod, Pod::Perldoc::ToRtf, Pod::Perldoc::ToText,
4371 Pod::Perldoc::ToTk, Pod::Perldoc::ToXml, Pod::PlainText, Pod::Plainer,
4372 Pod::Select, Pod::Simple, Pod::Simple::Checker, Pod::Simple::Debug,
4373 Pod::Simple::DumpAsText, Pod::Simple::DumpAsXML, Pod::Simple::HTML,
4374 Pod::Simple::HTMLBatch, Pod::Simple::LinkSection, Pod::Simple::Methody,
4375 Pod::Simple::PullParser, Pod::Simple::PullParserEndToken,
4376 Pod::Simple::PullParserStartToken, Pod::Simple::PullParserTextToken,
4377 Pod::Simple::PullParserToken, Pod::Simple::RTF, Pod::Simple::Search,
4378 Pod::Simple::SimpleTree, Pod::Simple::Subclassing, Pod::Simple::Text,
4379 Pod::Simple::TextContent, Pod::Simple::XMLOutStream, Pod::Text,
4380 Pod::Text::Color, Pod::Text::Overstrike, Pod::Text::Termcap, Pod::Usage,
4381 SDBM_File, Safe, Scalar::Util, Search::Dict, SelectSaver, SelfLoader,
4382 Shell, Socket, Storable, Switch, Symbol, Sys::Hostname, Sys::Syslog,
4383 Sys::Syslog::win32::Win32, Term::ANSIColor, Term::Cap, Term::Complete,
4384 Term::ReadLine, Term::UI, Test, Test::Builder, Test::Builder::Module,
4385 Test::Builder::Tester, Test::Builder::Tester::Color, Test::Harness,
4386 Test::Harness::Assert, Test::Harness::Iterator, Test::Harness::Point,
4387 Test::Harness::Results, Test::Harness::Straps, Test::Harness::TAP,
4388 Test::Harness::Util, Test::More, Test::Simple, Test::Tutorial,
4389 Text::Abbrev, Text::Balanced, Text::ParseWords, Text::Soundex, Text::Tabs,
4390 Text::Wrap, Thread, Thread::Queue, Thread::Semaphore, Tie::Array,
4391 Tie::File, Tie::Handle, Tie::Hash, Tie::Hash::NamedCapture, Tie::Memoize,
4392 Tie::RefHash, Tie::Scalar, Tie::SubstrHash, Time::HiRes, Time::Local,
4393 Time::Piece, Time::Piece::Seconds, Time::gmtime, Time::localtime, Time::tm,
4394 UNIVERSAL, Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Normalize, Unicode::UCD, User::grent,
4395 User::pwent, Win32, Win32API::File, Win32CORE, XS::APItest, XS::Typemap,
4398 =item Extension Modules
4412 China, Indonesia, Israel, Japan, Malaysia, Russian Federation, Saudi
4413 Arabia, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand
4415 =item Central America
4421 Austria, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech
4422 Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary,
4423 Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
4424 Portugal, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
4425 Turkey, Ukraine, United Kingdom
4429 Canada, Alberta, Manitoba, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Mexico, United States,
4430 Alabama, California, Colorado, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida,
4431 Indiana, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Michigan, Nevada, New Jersey, New York,
4432 North Carolina, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Texas, Utah,
4433 Virginia, Washington, Wisconsin
4437 Australia, New Zealand, United States
4441 Argentina, Brazil, Chile
4447 =item Modules: Creation, Use, and Abuse
4451 =item Guidelines for Module Creation
4453 =item Guidelines for Converting Perl 4 Library Scripts into Modules
4455 =item Guidelines for Reusing Application Code
4463 =head2 perlmodstyle - Perl module style guide
4469 =item QUICK CHECKLIST
4473 =item Before you start
4481 =item Release considerations
4485 =item BEFORE YOU START WRITING A MODULE
4489 =item Has it been done before?
4491 =item Do one thing and do it well
4493 =item What's in a name?
4497 =item DESIGNING AND WRITING YOUR MODULE
4501 =item To OO or not to OO?
4503 =item Designing your API
4505 Write simple routines to do simple things, Separate functionality from
4506 output, Provide sensible shortcuts and defaults, Naming conventions,
4509 =item Strictness and warnings
4511 =item Backwards compatibility
4513 =item Error handling and messages
4517 =item DOCUMENTING YOUR MODULE
4523 =item README, INSTALL, release notes, changelogs
4525 perl Makefile.PL, make, make test, make install, perl Build.PL, perl Build,
4526 perl Build test, perl Build install
4530 =item RELEASE CONSIDERATIONS
4534 =item Version numbering
4536 =item Pre-requisites
4546 =item COMMON PITFALLS
4550 =item Reinventing the wheel
4552 =item Trying to do too much
4554 =item Inappropriate documentation
4560 L<perlstyle>, L<perlnewmod>, L<perlpod>, L<podchecker>, Packaging Tools,
4561 Testing tools, http://pause.perl.org/, Any good book on software
4568 =head2 perlmodinstall - Installing CPAN Modules
4578 B<DECOMPRESS> the file, B<UNPACK> the file into a directory, B<BUILD> the
4579 module (sometimes unnecessary), B<INSTALL> the module
4593 =head2 perlnewmod - preparing a new module for distribution
4603 =item What should I make into a module?
4605 =item Step-by-step: Preparing the ground
4607 Look around, Check it's new, Discuss the need, Choose a name, Check again
4609 =item Step-by-step: Making the module
4611 Start with F<module-starter> or F<h2xs>, Use L<strict|strict> and
4612 L<warnings|warnings>, Use L<Carp|Carp>, Use L<Exporter|Exporter> - wisely!,
4613 Use L<plain old documentation|perlpod>, Write tests, Write the README
4615 =item Step-by-step: Distributing your module
4617 Get a CPAN user ID, C<perl Makefile.PL; make test; make dist>, Upload the
4618 tarball, Announce to the modules list, Announce to clpa, Fix bugs!
4628 =head2 perlpragma - how to write a user pragma
4634 =item A basic example
4636 =item Implementation details
4640 =head2 perlutil - utilities packaged with the Perl distribution
4646 =item LIST OF UTILITIES
4652 L<perldoc|perldoc>, L<pod2man|pod2man> and L<pod2text|pod2text>,
4653 L<pod2html|pod2html> and L<pod2latex|pod2latex>, L<pod2usage|pod2usage>,
4654 L<podselect|podselect>, L<podchecker|podchecker>, L<splain|splain>,
4655 L<roffitall|roffitall>
4659 L<a2p|a2p>, L<s2p|s2p> and L<psed>, L<find2perl|find2perl>
4661 =item Administration
4663 L<config_data|config_data>, L<libnetcfg|libnetcfg>, L<perlivp>
4667 L<perlbug|perlbug>, L<h2ph|h2ph>, L<c2ph|c2ph> and L<pstruct|pstruct>,
4668 L<h2xs|h2xs>, L<enc2xs>, L<xsubpp>, L<dprofpp|dprofpp>, L<prove>,
4673 L<piconv>, L<ptar>, L<ptardiff>, L<shasum>
4677 L<cpan>, L<cpanp>, L<cpan2dist>, L<instmodsh>
4685 =head2 perlcompile - Introduction to the Perl Compiler-Translator
4695 B::Lint, B::Deparse, B::Xref
4699 =item Using The Back Ends
4703 =item The Cross Referencing Back End
4707 =item The Decompiling Back End
4709 =item The Lint Back End
4713 =item Module List for the Compiler Suite
4715 B, O, B::Concise, B::Debug, B::Deparse, B::Lint, B::Showlex, B::Terse,
4718 =item KNOWN PROBLEMS
4724 =head2 perlfilter - Source Filters
4734 =item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER
4736 =item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN C
4738 B<Decryption Filters>
4740 =item CREATING A SOURCE FILTER AS A SEPARATE EXECUTABLE
4742 =item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN PERL
4744 =item USING CONTEXT: THE DEBUG FILTER
4748 =item THINGS TO LOOK OUT FOR
4750 Some Filters Clobber the C<DATA> Handle
4760 =head2 perlglossary - Perl Glossary
4770 accessor methods, actual arguments, address operator, algorithm, alias,
4771 alternatives, anonymous, architecture, argument, ARGV, arithmetical
4772 operator, array, array context, ASCII, assertion, assignment, assignment
4773 operator, associative array, associativity, asynchronous, atom, atomic
4774 operation, attribute, autogeneration, autoincrement, autoload, autosplit,
4775 autovivification, AV, awk
4779 backreference, backtracking, backward compatibility, bareword, base class,
4780 big-endian, binary, binary operator, bind, bit, bit shift, bit string,
4781 bless, block, BLOCK, block buffering, Boolean, Boolean context, breakpoint,
4782 broadcast, BSD, bucket, buffer, built-in, bundle, byte, bytecode
4786 C, C preprocessor, call by reference, call by value, callback, canonical,
4787 capturing, character, character class, character property, circumfix
4788 operator, class, class method, client, cloister, closure, cluster, CODE,
4789 code generator, code subpattern, collating sequence, command, command
4790 buffering, command name, command-line arguments, comment, compilation unit,
4791 compile phase, compile time, compiler, composer, concatenation,
4792 conditional, connection, construct, constructor, context, continuation,
4793 core dump, CPAN, cracker, current package, current working directory,
4794 currently selected output channel, CV
4798 dangling statement, data structure, data type, datagram, DBM, declaration,
4799 decrement, default, defined, delimiter, deprecated modules and features,
4800 dereference, derived class, descriptor, destroy, destructor, device,
4801 directive, directory, directory handle, dispatch, distribution, (to be)
4802 dropped modules, dweomer, dwimmer, dynamic scoping
4806 eclectic, element, embedding, empty subclass test, en passant,
4807 encapsulation, endian, environment, environment variable, EOF, errno,
4808 error, escape sequence, exception, exception handling, exec, executable
4809 file, execute, execute bit, exit status, export, expression, extension
4813 false, FAQ, fatal error, field, FIFO, file, file descriptor, file test
4814 operator, fileglob, filehandle, filename, filesystem, filter, flag,
4815 floating point, flush, FMTEYEWTK, fork, formal arguments, format, freely
4816 available, freely redistributable, freeware, function, funny character,
4821 GID, glob, global, global destruction, glue language, granularity, greedy,
4826 hacker, handler, hard reference, hash, hash table, header file, here
4827 document, hexadecimal, home directory, host, hubris, HV
4831 identifier, impatience, implementation, import, increment, indexing,
4832 indirect filehandle, indirect object, indirect object slot, indirection,
4833 infix, inheritance, instance, instance variable, integer, interface,
4834 interpolation, interpreter, invocant, invocation, I/O, IO, IP, IPC, is-a,
4835 iteration, iterator, IV
4847 label, laziness, left shift, leftmost longest, lexeme, lexer, lexical
4848 analysis, lexical scoping, lexical variable, library, LIFO, line, line
4849 buffering, line number, link, LIST, list, list context, list operator, list
4850 value, literal, little-endian, local, logical operator, lookahead,
4851 lookbehind, loop, loop control statement, loop label, lvaluable, lvalue,
4856 magic, magical increment, magical variables, Makefile, man, manpage,
4857 matching, member data, memory, metacharacter, metasymbol, method,
4858 minimalism, mode, modifier, module, modulus, monger, mortal,
4859 multidimensional array, multiple inheritance
4863 named pipe, namespace, network address, newline, NFS, null character, null
4864 list, null string, numeric context, NV, nybble
4868 object, octal, offset, one-liner, open source software, operand, operating
4869 system, operator, operator overloading, options, overloading, overriding,
4874 package, pad, parameter, parent class, parse tree, parsing, patch, PATH,
4875 pathname, pattern, pattern matching, permission bits, Pern, pipe, pipeline,
4876 platform, pod, pointer, polymorphism, port, portable, porter, POSIX,
4877 postfix, pp, pragma, precedence, prefix, preprocessing, procedure, process,
4878 program generator, progressive matching, property, protocol, prototype,
4879 pseudofunction, pseudohash, pseudoliteral, public domain, pumpkin,
4884 qualified, quantifier
4888 readable, reaping, record, recursion, reference, referent, regex, regular
4889 expression, regular expression modifier, regular file, relational operator,
4890 reserved words, return value, RFC, right shift, root, RTFM, run phase, run
4891 time, run-time pattern, RV, rvalue
4895 scalar, scalar context, scalar literal, scalar value, scalar variable,
4896 scope, scratchpad, script, script kiddie, sed, semaphore, separator,
4897 serialization, server, service, setgid, setuid, shared memory, shebang,
4898 shell, side effects, signal, signal handler, single inheritance, slice,
4899 slurp, socket, soft reference, source filter, stack, standard, standard
4900 error, standard I/O, standard input, standard output, stat structure,
4901 statement, statement modifier, static, static method, static scoping,
4902 static variable, status, STDERR, STDIN, STDIO, STDOUT, stream, string,
4903 string context, stringification, struct, structure, subclass, subpattern,
4904 subroutine, subscript, substitution, substring, superclass, superuser, SV,
4905 switch, switch cluster, switch statement, symbol, symbol table, symbolic
4906 debugger, symbolic link, symbolic reference, synchronous, syntactic sugar,
4907 syntax, syntax tree, syscall
4911 tainted, TCP, term, terminator, ternary, text, thread, tie, TMTOWTDI,
4912 token, tokener, tokenizing, toolbox approach, transliterate, trigger,
4913 trinary, troff, true, truncating, type, type casting, typed lexical,
4914 typedef, typeglob, typemap
4918 UDP, UID, umask, unary operator, Unicode, Unix
4922 value, variable, variable interpolation, variadic, vector, virtual, void
4927 warning, watch expression, whitespace, word, working directory, wrapper,
4944 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
4948 =head2 perlembed - how to embed perl in your C program
4958 B<Use C from Perl?>, B<Use a Unix program from Perl?>, B<Use Perl from
4959 Perl?>, B<Use C from C?>, B<Use Perl from C?>
4963 =item Compiling your C program
4965 =item Adding a Perl interpreter to your C program
4967 =item Calling a Perl subroutine from your C program
4969 =item Evaluating a Perl statement from your C program
4971 =item Performing Perl pattern matches and substitutions from your C program
4973 =item Fiddling with the Perl stack from your C program
4975 =item Maintaining a persistent interpreter
4977 =item Execution of END blocks
4979 =item $0 assignments
4981 =item Maintaining multiple interpreter instances
4983 =item Using Perl modules, which themselves use C libraries, from your C
4988 =item Embedding Perl under Win32
5000 =head2 perldebguts - Guts of Perl debugging
5006 =item Debugger Internals
5010 =item Writing Your Own Debugger
5014 =item Frame Listing Output Examples
5016 =item Debugging regular expressions
5020 =item Compile-time output
5022 C<anchored> I<STRING> C<at> I<POS>, C<floating> I<STRING> C<at>
5023 I<POS1..POS2>, C<matching floating/anchored>, C<minlen>, C<stclass>
5024 I<TYPE>, C<noscan>, C<isall>, C<GPOS>, C<plus>, C<implicit>, C<with eval>,
5027 =item Types of nodes
5029 =item Run-time output
5033 =item Debugging Perl memory usage
5037 =item Using C<$ENV{PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS}>
5039 C<buckets SMALLEST(APPROX)..GREATEST(APPROX)>, Free/Used, C<Total sbrk():
5040 SBRKed/SBRKs:CONTINUOUS>, C<pad: 0>, C<heads: 2192>, C<chain: 0>, C<tail:
5049 =head2 perlxstut, perlXStut - Tutorial for writing XSUBs
5061 =item Version caveat
5063 =item Dynamic Loading versus Static Loading
5075 =item What has gone on?
5077 =item Writing good test scripts
5081 =item What's new here?
5083 =item Input and Output Parameters
5085 =item The XSUBPP Program
5087 =item The TYPEMAP file
5089 =item Warning about Output Arguments
5093 =item What has happened here?
5095 =item Anatomy of .xs file
5097 =item Getting the fat out of XSUBs
5099 =item More about XSUB arguments
5101 =item The Argument Stack
5103 =item Extending your Extension
5105 =item Documenting your Extension
5107 =item Installing your Extension
5111 =item New Things in this Example
5115 =item New Things in this Example
5117 =item EXAMPLE 7 (Coming Soon)
5119 =item EXAMPLE 8 (Coming Soon)
5121 =item EXAMPLE 9 Passing open files to XSes
5123 =item Troubleshooting these Examples
5139 =head2 perlxs - XS language reference manual
5151 =item The Anatomy of an XSUB
5153 =item The Argument Stack
5155 =item The RETVAL Variable
5157 =item Returning SVs, AVs and HVs through RETVAL
5159 =item The MODULE Keyword
5161 =item The PACKAGE Keyword
5163 =item The PREFIX Keyword
5165 =item The OUTPUT: Keyword
5167 =item The NO_OUTPUT Keyword
5169 =item The CODE: Keyword
5171 =item The INIT: Keyword
5173 =item The NO_INIT Keyword
5175 =item Initializing Function Parameters
5177 =item Default Parameter Values
5179 =item The PREINIT: Keyword
5181 =item The SCOPE: Keyword
5183 =item The INPUT: Keyword
5185 =item The IN/OUTLIST/IN_OUTLIST/OUT/IN_OUT Keywords
5187 =item The C<length(NAME)> Keyword
5189 =item Variable-length Parameter Lists
5191 =item The C_ARGS: Keyword
5193 =item The PPCODE: Keyword
5195 =item Returning Undef And Empty Lists
5197 =item The REQUIRE: Keyword
5199 =item The CLEANUP: Keyword
5201 =item The POSTCALL: Keyword
5203 =item The BOOT: Keyword
5205 =item The VERSIONCHECK: Keyword
5207 =item The PROTOTYPES: Keyword
5209 =item The PROTOTYPE: Keyword
5211 =item The ALIAS: Keyword
5213 =item The OVERLOAD: Keyword
5215 =item The FALLBACK: Keyword
5217 =item The INTERFACE: Keyword
5219 =item The INTERFACE_MACRO: Keyword
5221 =item The INCLUDE: Keyword
5223 =item The CASE: Keyword
5225 =item The & Unary Operator
5227 =item Inserting POD, Comments and C Preprocessor Directives
5229 =item Using XS With C++
5231 =item Interface Strategy
5233 =item Perl Objects And C Structures
5237 =item Safely Storing Static Data in XS
5239 MY_CXT_KEY, typedef my_cxt_t, START_MY_CXT, MY_CXT_INIT, dMY_CXT, MY_CXT,
5240 aMY_CXT/pMY_CXT, MY_CXT_CLONE, MY_CXT_INIT_INTERP(my_perl),
5241 dMY_CXT_INTERP(my_perl)
5243 =item Thread-aware system interfaces
5255 =head2 perlclib - Internal replacements for standard C library functions
5265 C<t>, C<p>, C<n>, C<s>
5267 =item File Operations
5269 =item File Input and Output
5271 =item File Positioning
5273 =item Memory Management and String Handling
5275 =item Character Class Tests
5277 =item F<stdlib.h> functions
5279 =item Miscellaneous functions
5287 =head2 perlguts - Introduction to the Perl API
5299 =item What is an "IV"?
5301 =item Working with SVs
5305 =item What's Really Stored in an SV?
5307 =item Working with AVs
5309 =item Working with HVs
5311 =item Hash API Extensions
5313 =item AVs, HVs and undefined values
5317 =item Blessed References and Class Objects
5319 =item Creating New Variables
5321 GV_ADDMULTI, GV_ADDWARN
5323 =item Reference Counts and Mortality
5325 =item Stashes and Globs
5327 =item Double-Typed SVs
5329 =item Magic Variables
5331 =item Assigning Magic
5333 =item Magic Virtual Tables
5337 =item Understanding the Magic of Tied Hashes and Arrays
5339 =item Localizing changes
5341 C<SAVEINT(int i)>, C<SAVEIV(IV i)>, C<SAVEI32(I32 i)>, C<SAVELONG(long i)>,
5342 C<SAVESPTR(s)>, C<SAVEPPTR(p)>, C<SAVEFREESV(SV *sv)>, C<SAVEMORTALIZESV(SV
5343 *sv)>, C<SAVEFREEOP(OP *op)>, C<SAVEFREEPV(p)>, C<SAVECLEARSV(SV *sv)>,
5344 C<SAVEDELETE(HV *hv, char *key, I32 length)>,
5345 C<SAVEDESTRUCTOR(DESTRUCTORFUNC_NOCONTEXT_t f, void *p)>,
5346 C<SAVEDESTRUCTOR_X(DESTRUCTORFUNC_t f, void *p)>, C<SAVESTACK_POS()>, C<SV*
5347 save_scalar(GV *gv)>, C<AV* save_ary(GV *gv)>, C<HV* save_hash(GV *gv)>,
5348 C<void save_item(SV *item)>, C<void save_list(SV **sarg, I32 maxsarg)>,
5349 C<SV* save_svref(SV **sptr)>, C<void save_aptr(AV **aptr)>, C<void
5350 save_hptr(HV **hptr)>
5358 =item XSUBs and the Argument Stack
5360 =item Calling Perl Routines from within C Programs
5362 =item Memory Allocation
5366 =item Putting a C value on Perl stack
5370 =item Scratchpads and recursion
5380 =item Examining the tree
5382 =item Compile pass 1: check routines
5384 =item Compile pass 1a: constant folding
5386 =item Compile pass 2: context propagation
5388 =item Compile pass 3: peephole optimization
5390 =item Pluggable runops
5394 =item Examining internal data structures with the C<dump> functions
5396 =item How multiple interpreters and concurrency are supported
5400 =item Background and PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
5402 =item So what happened to dTHR?
5404 =item How do I use all this in extensions?
5406 =item Should I do anything special if I call perl from multiple threads?
5408 =item Future Plans and PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
5412 =item Internal Functions
5414 A, p, d, s, n, r, f, M, o, x, m, X, E, b, others
5418 =item Formatted Printing of IVs, UVs, and NVs
5420 =item Pointer-To-Integer and Integer-To-Pointer
5422 =item Exception Handling
5424 =item Source Documentation
5426 =item Backwards compatibility
5430 =item Unicode Support
5434 =item What B<is> Unicode, anyway?
5436 =item How can I recognise a UTF-8 string?
5438 =item How does UTF-8 represent Unicode characters?
5440 =item How does Perl store UTF-8 strings?
5442 =item How do I convert a string to UTF-8?
5444 =item Is there anything else I need to know?
5448 =item Custom Operators
5456 =head2 perlcall - Perl calling conventions from C
5462 An Error Handler, An Event Driven Program
5464 =item THE CALL_ FUNCTIONS
5466 call_sv, call_pv, call_method, call_argv
5486 =item Determining the Context
5494 =item No Parameters, Nothing returned
5496 =item Passing Parameters
5498 =item Returning a Scalar
5500 =item Returning a list of values
5502 =item Returning a list in a scalar context
5504 =item Returning Data from Perl via the parameter list
5508 =item Using G_KEEPERR
5512 =item Using call_argv
5514 =item Using call_method
5518 =item Using Perl to dispose of temporaries
5520 =item Strategies for storing Callback Context Information
5522 1. Ignore the problem - Allow only 1 callback, 2. Create a sequence of
5523 callbacks - hard wired limit, 3. Use a parameter to map to the Perl
5526 =item Alternate Stack Manipulation
5528 =item Creating and calling an anonymous subroutine in C
5532 =item LIGHTWEIGHT CALLBACKS
5542 =head2 perlreapi - perl regular expression plugin interface
5554 C</m> - RXf_PMf_MULTILINE, C</s> - RXf_PMf_SINGLELINE, C</i> -
5555 RXf_PMf_FOLD, C</x> - RXf_PMf_EXTENDED, C</p> - RXf_PMf_KEEPCOPY,
5556 RXf_PMf_LOCALE, RXf_UTF8, RXf_SPLIT, RXf_SKIPWHITE, RXf_START_ONLY,
5567 =item Numbered capture callbacks
5569 =item Named capture callbacks
5577 =item The REGEXP structure
5587 =item C<minlen> C<minlenret>
5593 =item C<nparens>, C<lasparen>, and C<lastcloseparen>
5603 =item C<precomp> C<prelen>
5605 =item C<paren_names>
5609 =item C<subbeg> C<sublen> C<saved_copy>
5611 =item C<wrapped> C<wraplen>
5627 =head2 perlreguts - Description of the Perl regular expression engine.
5637 =item A quick note on terms
5639 =item What is a regular expression engine?
5641 =item Structure of a Regexp Program
5643 C<regnode_1>, C<regnode_2>, C<regnode_string>, C<regnode_charclass>,
5644 C<regnode_charclass_class>
5648 =item Process Overview
5650 A. Compilation, 1. Parsing for size, 2. Parsing for construction, 3.
5651 Peep-hole optimisation and analysis, B. Execution, 4. Start position and
5652 no-match optimisations, 5. Program execution
5658 anchored fixed strings, floating fixed strings, minimum and maximum length
5659 requirements, start class, Beginning/End of line positions
5669 =item Unicode and Localisation Support
5671 =item Base Structures
5673 C<swap>, C<offsets>, C<regstclass>, C<data>, C<program>
5687 =head2 perlapi - autogenerated documentation for the perl public API
5692 X<Perl API> X<API> X<api>
5694 =item "Gimme" Values
5696 GIMME X<GIMME>, GIMME_V X<GIMME_V>, G_ARRAY X<G_ARRAY>, G_DISCARD
5697 X<G_DISCARD>, G_EVAL X<G_EVAL>, G_NOARGS X<G_NOARGS>, G_SCALAR X<G_SCALAR>,
5700 =item Array Manipulation Functions
5702 AvFILL X<AvFILL>, av_clear X<av_clear>, av_create_and_push
5703 X<av_create_and_push>, av_create_and_unshift_one
5704 X<av_create_and_unshift_one>, av_delete X<av_delete>, av_exists
5705 X<av_exists>, av_extend X<av_extend>, av_fetch X<av_fetch>, av_fill
5706 X<av_fill>, av_len X<av_len>, av_make X<av_make>, av_pop X<av_pop>, av_push
5707 X<av_push>, av_shift X<av_shift>, av_store X<av_store>, av_undef
5708 X<av_undef>, av_unshift X<av_unshift>, get_av X<get_av>, newAV X<newAV>,
5709 sortsv X<sortsv>, sortsv_flags X<sortsv_flags>
5711 =item Callback Functions
5713 call_argv X<call_argv>, call_method X<call_method>, call_pv X<call_pv>,
5714 call_sv X<call_sv>, ENTER X<ENTER>, eval_pv X<eval_pv>, eval_sv X<eval_sv>,
5715 FREETMPS X<FREETMPS>, LEAVE X<LEAVE>, SAVETMPS X<SAVETMPS>
5717 =item Character classes
5719 isALNUM X<isALNUM>, isALPHA X<isALPHA>, isDIGIT X<isDIGIT>, isLOWER
5720 X<isLOWER>, isSPACE X<isSPACE>, isUPPER X<isUPPER>, toLOWER X<toLOWER>,
5723 =item Cloning an interpreter
5725 perl_clone X<perl_clone>
5727 =item CV Manipulation Functions
5729 CvSTASH X<CvSTASH>, get_cv X<get_cv>, get_cvn_flags X<get_cvn_flags>
5731 =item Embedding Functions
5733 cv_undef X<cv_undef>, load_module X<load_module>, nothreadhook
5734 X<nothreadhook>, perl_alloc X<perl_alloc>, perl_construct
5735 X<perl_construct>, perl_destruct X<perl_destruct>, perl_free X<perl_free>,
5736 perl_parse X<perl_parse>, perl_run X<perl_run>, require_pv X<require_pv>
5738 =item Functions in file dump.c
5740 pv_display X<pv_display>, pv_escape X<pv_escape>, pv_pretty X<pv_pretty>
5742 =item Functions in file mathoms.c
5744 gv_fetchmethod X<gv_fetchmethod>, pack_cat X<pack_cat>, sv_2pvbyte_nolen
5745 X<sv_2pvbyte_nolen>, sv_2pvutf8_nolen X<sv_2pvutf8_nolen>, sv_2pv_nolen
5746 X<sv_2pv_nolen>, sv_catpvn_mg X<sv_catpvn_mg>, sv_catsv_mg X<sv_catsv_mg>,
5747 sv_force_normal X<sv_force_normal>, sv_iv X<sv_iv>, sv_nolocking
5748 X<sv_nolocking>, sv_nounlocking X<sv_nounlocking>, sv_nv X<sv_nv>, sv_pv
5749 X<sv_pv>, sv_pvbyte X<sv_pvbyte>, sv_pvbyten X<sv_pvbyten>, sv_pvn
5750 X<sv_pvn>, sv_pvutf8 X<sv_pvutf8>, sv_pvutf8n X<sv_pvutf8n>, sv_taint
5751 X<sv_taint>, sv_unref X<sv_unref>, sv_usepvn X<sv_usepvn>, sv_usepvn_mg
5752 X<sv_usepvn_mg>, sv_uv X<sv_uv>, unpack_str X<unpack_str>
5754 =item Functions in file pp_ctl.c
5756 find_runcv X<find_runcv>
5758 =item Functions in file pp_pack.c
5760 packlist X<packlist>, unpackstring X<unpackstring>
5764 GvSV X<GvSV>, gv_const_sv X<gv_const_sv>, gv_fetchmeth X<gv_fetchmeth>,
5765 gv_fetchmethod_autoload X<gv_fetchmethod_autoload>, gv_fetchmeth_autoload
5766 X<gv_fetchmeth_autoload>, gv_stashpv X<gv_stashpv>, gv_stashpvn
5767 X<gv_stashpvn>, gv_stashpvs X<gv_stashpvs>, gv_stashsv X<gv_stashsv>
5771 Nullav X<Nullav>, Nullch X<Nullch>, Nullcv X<Nullcv>, Nullhv X<Nullhv>,
5774 =item Hash Manipulation Functions
5776 get_hv X<get_hv>, HEf_SVKEY X<HEf_SVKEY>, HeHASH X<HeHASH>, HeKEY X<HeKEY>,
5777 HeKLEN X<HeKLEN>, HePV X<HePV>, HeSVKEY X<HeSVKEY>, HeSVKEY_force
5778 X<HeSVKEY_force>, HeSVKEY_set X<HeSVKEY_set>, HeVAL X<HeVAL>, HvNAME
5779 X<HvNAME>, hv_assert X<hv_assert>, hv_clear X<hv_clear>,
5780 hv_clear_placeholders X<hv_clear_placeholders>, hv_delete X<hv_delete>,
5781 hv_delete_ent X<hv_delete_ent>, hv_exists X<hv_exists>, hv_exists_ent
5782 X<hv_exists_ent>, hv_fetch X<hv_fetch>, hv_fetchs X<hv_fetchs>,
5783 hv_fetch_ent X<hv_fetch_ent>, hv_iterinit X<hv_iterinit>, hv_iterkey
5784 X<hv_iterkey>, hv_iterkeysv X<hv_iterkeysv>, hv_iternext X<hv_iternext>,
5785 hv_iternextsv X<hv_iternextsv>, hv_iternext_flags X<hv_iternext_flags>,
5786 hv_iterval X<hv_iterval>, hv_magic X<hv_magic>, hv_scalar X<hv_scalar>,
5787 hv_store X<hv_store>, hv_stores X<hv_stores>, hv_store_ent X<hv_store_ent>,
5788 hv_undef X<hv_undef>, newHV X<newHV>
5790 =item Magical Functions
5792 mg_clear X<mg_clear>, mg_copy X<mg_copy>, mg_find X<mg_find>, mg_free
5793 X<mg_free>, mg_get X<mg_get>, mg_length X<mg_length>, mg_magical
5794 X<mg_magical>, mg_set X<mg_set>, SvGETMAGIC X<SvGETMAGIC>, SvLOCK
5795 X<SvLOCK>, SvSETMAGIC X<SvSETMAGIC>, SvSetMagicSV X<SvSetMagicSV>,
5796 SvSetMagicSV_nosteal X<SvSetMagicSV_nosteal>, SvSetSV X<SvSetSV>,
5797 SvSetSV_nosteal X<SvSetSV_nosteal>, SvSHARE X<SvSHARE>, SvUNLOCK
5800 =item Memory Management
5802 Copy X<Copy>, CopyD X<CopyD>, Move X<Move>, MoveD X<MoveD>, Newx X<Newx>,
5803 Newxc X<Newxc>, Newxz X<Newxz>, Poison X<Poison>, PoisonFree X<PoisonFree>,
5804 PoisonNew X<PoisonNew>, PoisonWith X<PoisonWith>, Renew X<Renew>, Renewc
5805 X<Renewc>, Safefree X<Safefree>, savepv X<savepv>, savepvn X<savepvn>,
5806 savepvs X<savepvs>, savesharedpv X<savesharedpv>, savesharedpvn
5807 X<savesharedpvn>, savesvpv X<savesvpv>, StructCopy X<StructCopy>, Zero
5808 X<Zero>, ZeroD X<ZeroD>
5810 =item Miscellaneous Functions
5812 fbm_compile X<fbm_compile>, fbm_instr X<fbm_instr>, form X<form>, getcwd_sv
5813 X<getcwd_sv>, my_snprintf X<my_snprintf>, my_sprintf X<my_sprintf>,
5814 my_vsnprintf X<my_vsnprintf>, new_version X<new_version>, scan_version
5815 X<scan_version>, strEQ X<strEQ>, strGE X<strGE>, strGT X<strGT>, strLE
5816 X<strLE>, strLT X<strLT>, strNE X<strNE>, strnEQ X<strnEQ>, strnNE
5817 X<strnNE>, sv_destroyable X<sv_destroyable>, sv_nosharing X<sv_nosharing>,
5818 upg_version X<upg_version>, vcmp X<vcmp>, vnormal X<vnormal>, vnumify
5819 X<vnumify>, vstringify X<vstringify>, vverify X<vverify>
5823 mro_get_linear_isa X<mro_get_linear_isa>, mro_method_changed_in
5824 X<mro_method_changed_in>
5826 =item Multicall Functions
5828 dMULTICALL X<dMULTICALL>, MULTICALL X<MULTICALL>, POP_MULTICALL
5829 X<POP_MULTICALL>, PUSH_MULTICALL X<PUSH_MULTICALL>
5831 =item Numeric functions
5833 grok_bin X<grok_bin>, grok_hex X<grok_hex>, grok_number X<grok_number>,
5834 grok_numeric_radix X<grok_numeric_radix>, grok_oct X<grok_oct>,
5835 Perl_signbit X<Perl_signbit>, scan_bin X<scan_bin>, scan_hex X<scan_hex>,
5836 scan_oct X<scan_oct>
5838 =item Optree Manipulation Functions
5840 cv_const_sv X<cv_const_sv>, newCONSTSUB X<newCONSTSUB>, newXS X<newXS>
5842 =item Pad Data Structures
5846 =item Per-Interpreter Variables
5848 PL_modglobal X<PL_modglobal>, PL_na X<PL_na>, PL_sv_no X<PL_sv_no>,
5849 PL_sv_undef X<PL_sv_undef>, PL_sv_yes X<PL_sv_yes>
5851 =item REGEXP Functions
5853 SvRX X<SvRX>, SvRXOK X<SvRXOK>
5855 =item Simple Exception Handling Macros
5857 dXCPT X<dXCPT>, XCPT_CATCH X<XCPT_CATCH>, XCPT_RETHROW X<XCPT_RETHROW>,
5858 XCPT_TRY_END X<XCPT_TRY_END>, XCPT_TRY_START X<XCPT_TRY_START>
5860 =item Stack Manipulation Macros
5862 dMARK X<dMARK>, dORIGMARK X<dORIGMARK>, dSP X<dSP>, EXTEND X<EXTEND>, MARK
5863 X<MARK>, mPUSHi X<mPUSHi>, mPUSHn X<mPUSHn>, mPUSHp X<mPUSHp>, mPUSHu
5864 X<mPUSHu>, mXPUSHi X<mXPUSHi>, mXPUSHn X<mXPUSHn>, mXPUSHp X<mXPUSHp>,
5865 mXPUSHu X<mXPUSHu>, ORIGMARK X<ORIGMARK>, POPi X<POPi>, POPl X<POPl>, POPn
5866 X<POPn>, POPp X<POPp>, POPpbytex X<POPpbytex>, POPpx X<POPpx>, POPs
5867 X<POPs>, PUSHi X<PUSHi>, PUSHMARK X<PUSHMARK>, PUSHmortal X<PUSHmortal>,
5868 PUSHn X<PUSHn>, PUSHp X<PUSHp>, PUSHs X<PUSHs>, PUSHu X<PUSHu>, PUTBACK
5869 X<PUTBACK>, SP X<SP>, SPAGAIN X<SPAGAIN>, XPUSHi X<XPUSHi>, XPUSHmortal
5870 X<XPUSHmortal>, XPUSHn X<XPUSHn>, XPUSHp X<XPUSHp>, XPUSHs X<XPUSHs>,
5871 XPUSHu X<XPUSHu>, XSRETURN X<XSRETURN>, XSRETURN_EMPTY X<XSRETURN_EMPTY>,
5872 XSRETURN_IV X<XSRETURN_IV>, XSRETURN_NO X<XSRETURN_NO>, XSRETURN_NV
5873 X<XSRETURN_NV>, XSRETURN_PV X<XSRETURN_PV>, XSRETURN_UNDEF
5874 X<XSRETURN_UNDEF>, XSRETURN_UV X<XSRETURN_UV>, XSRETURN_YES
5875 X<XSRETURN_YES>, XST_mIV X<XST_mIV>, XST_mNO X<XST_mNO>, XST_mNV
5876 X<XST_mNV>, XST_mPV X<XST_mPV>, XST_mUNDEF X<XST_mUNDEF>, XST_mYES
5881 svtype X<svtype>, SVt_IV X<SVt_IV>, SVt_NV X<SVt_NV>, SVt_PV X<SVt_PV>,
5882 SVt_PVAV X<SVt_PVAV>, SVt_PVCV X<SVt_PVCV>, SVt_PVHV X<SVt_PVHV>, SVt_PVMG
5885 =item SV Manipulation Functions
5887 get_sv X<get_sv>, newRV_inc X<newRV_inc>, SvCUR X<SvCUR>, SvCUR_set
5888 X<SvCUR_set>, SvEND X<SvEND>, SvGAMAGIC X<SvGAMAGIC>, SvGROW X<SvGROW>,
5889 SvIOK X<SvIOK>, SvIOKp X<SvIOKp>, SvIOK_notUV X<SvIOK_notUV>, SvIOK_off
5890 X<SvIOK_off>, SvIOK_on X<SvIOK_on>, SvIOK_only X<SvIOK_only>, SvIOK_only_UV
5891 X<SvIOK_only_UV>, SvIOK_UV X<SvIOK_UV>, SvIsCOW X<SvIsCOW>,
5892 SvIsCOW_shared_hash X<SvIsCOW_shared_hash>, SvIV X<SvIV>, SvIVX X<SvIVX>,
5893 SvIVx X<SvIVx>, SvIV_nomg X<SvIV_nomg>, SvIV_set X<SvIV_set>, SvLEN
5894 X<SvLEN>, SvLEN_set X<SvLEN_set>, SvMAGIC_set X<SvMAGIC_set>, SvNIOK
5895 X<SvNIOK>, SvNIOKp X<SvNIOKp>, SvNIOK_off X<SvNIOK_off>, SvNOK X<SvNOK>,
5896 SvNOKp X<SvNOKp>, SvNOK_off X<SvNOK_off>, SvNOK_on X<SvNOK_on>, SvNOK_only
5897 X<SvNOK_only>, SvNV X<SvNV>, SvNVX X<SvNVX>, SvNVx X<SvNVx>, SvNV_set
5898 X<SvNV_set>, SvOK X<SvOK>, SvOOK X<SvOOK>, SvPOK X<SvPOK>, SvPOKp
5899 X<SvPOKp>, SvPOK_off X<SvPOK_off>, SvPOK_on X<SvPOK_on>, SvPOK_only
5900 X<SvPOK_only>, SvPOK_only_UTF8 X<SvPOK_only_UTF8>, SvPV X<SvPV>, SvPVbyte
5901 X<SvPVbyte>, SvPVbytex X<SvPVbytex>, SvPVbytex_force X<SvPVbytex_force>,
5902 SvPVbyte_force X<SvPVbyte_force>, SvPVbyte_nolen X<SvPVbyte_nolen>,
5903 SvPVutf8 X<SvPVutf8>, SvPVutf8x X<SvPVutf8x>, SvPVutf8x_force
5904 X<SvPVutf8x_force>, SvPVutf8_force X<SvPVutf8_force>, SvPVutf8_nolen
5905 X<SvPVutf8_nolen>, SvPVX X<SvPVX>, SvPVx X<SvPVx>, SvPV_force
5906 X<SvPV_force>, SvPV_force_nomg X<SvPV_force_nomg>, SvPV_nolen
5907 X<SvPV_nolen>, SvPV_nomg X<SvPV_nomg>, SvPV_set X<SvPV_set>, SvREFCNT
5908 X<SvREFCNT>, SvREFCNT_dec X<SvREFCNT_dec>, SvREFCNT_inc X<SvREFCNT_inc>,
5909 SvREFCNT_inc_NN X<SvREFCNT_inc_NN>, SvREFCNT_inc_simple
5910 X<SvREFCNT_inc_simple>, SvREFCNT_inc_simple_NN X<SvREFCNT_inc_simple_NN>,
5911 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void X<SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void>,
5912 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN X<SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN>,
5913 SvREFCNT_inc_void X<SvREFCNT_inc_void>, SvREFCNT_inc_void_NN
5914 X<SvREFCNT_inc_void_NN>, SvROK X<SvROK>, SvROK_off X<SvROK_off>, SvROK_on
5915 X<SvROK_on>, SvRV X<SvRV>, SvRV_set X<SvRV_set>, SvSTASH X<SvSTASH>,
5916 SvSTASH_set X<SvSTASH_set>, SvTAINT X<SvTAINT>, SvTAINTED X<SvTAINTED>,
5917 SvTAINTED_off X<SvTAINTED_off>, SvTAINTED_on X<SvTAINTED_on>, SvTRUE
5918 X<SvTRUE>, SvTYPE X<SvTYPE>, SvUOK X<SvUOK>, SvUPGRADE X<SvUPGRADE>, SvUTF8
5919 X<SvUTF8>, SvUTF8_off X<SvUTF8_off>, SvUTF8_on X<SvUTF8_on>, SvUV X<SvUV>,
5920 SvUVX X<SvUVX>, SvUVx X<SvUVx>, SvUV_nomg X<SvUV_nomg>, SvUV_set
5921 X<SvUV_set>, SvVOK X<SvVOK>, sv_catpvn_nomg X<sv_catpvn_nomg>,
5922 sv_catsv_nomg X<sv_catsv_nomg>, sv_derived_from X<sv_derived_from>, sv_does
5923 X<sv_does>, sv_report_used X<sv_report_used>, sv_setsv_nomg
5926 =item SV-Body Allocation
5928 looks_like_number X<looks_like_number>, newRV_noinc X<newRV_noinc>, newSV
5929 X<newSV>, newSVhek X<newSVhek>, newSViv X<newSViv>, newSVnv X<newSVnv>,
5930 newSVpv X<newSVpv>, newSVpvf X<newSVpvf>, newSVpvn X<newSVpvn>,
5931 newSVpvn_share X<newSVpvn_share>, newSVpvs X<newSVpvs>, newSVpvs_share
5932 X<newSVpvs_share>, newSVrv X<newSVrv>, newSVsv X<newSVsv>, newSVuv
5933 X<newSVuv>, newSV_type X<newSV_type>, sv_2bool X<sv_2bool>, sv_2cv
5934 X<sv_2cv>, sv_2io X<sv_2io>, sv_2iv_flags X<sv_2iv_flags>, sv_2mortal
5935 X<sv_2mortal>, sv_2nv X<sv_2nv>, sv_2pvbyte X<sv_2pvbyte>, sv_2pvutf8
5936 X<sv_2pvutf8>, sv_2pv_flags X<sv_2pv_flags>, sv_2uv_flags X<sv_2uv_flags>,
5937 sv_backoff X<sv_backoff>, sv_bless X<sv_bless>, sv_catpv X<sv_catpv>,
5938 sv_catpvf X<sv_catpvf>, sv_catpvf_mg X<sv_catpvf_mg>, sv_catpvn
5939 X<sv_catpvn>, sv_catpvn_flags X<sv_catpvn_flags>, sv_catpvs X<sv_catpvs>,
5940 sv_catpv_mg X<sv_catpv_mg>, sv_catsv X<sv_catsv>, sv_catsv_flags
5941 X<sv_catsv_flags>, sv_chop X<sv_chop>, sv_clear X<sv_clear>, sv_cmp
5942 X<sv_cmp>, sv_cmp_locale X<sv_cmp_locale>, sv_collxfrm X<sv_collxfrm>,
5943 sv_copypv X<sv_copypv>, sv_dec X<sv_dec>, sv_eq X<sv_eq>,
5944 sv_force_normal_flags X<sv_force_normal_flags>, sv_free X<sv_free>, sv_gets
5945 X<sv_gets>, sv_grow X<sv_grow>, sv_inc X<sv_inc>, sv_insert X<sv_insert>,
5946 sv_isa X<sv_isa>, sv_isobject X<sv_isobject>, sv_len X<sv_len>, sv_len_utf8
5947 X<sv_len_utf8>, sv_magic X<sv_magic>, sv_magicext X<sv_magicext>,
5948 sv_mortalcopy X<sv_mortalcopy>, sv_newmortal X<sv_newmortal>, sv_newref
5949 X<sv_newref>, sv_pos_b2u X<sv_pos_b2u>, sv_pos_u2b X<sv_pos_u2b>,
5950 sv_pvbyten_force X<sv_pvbyten_force>, sv_pvn_force X<sv_pvn_force>,
5951 sv_pvn_force_flags X<sv_pvn_force_flags>, sv_pvutf8n_force
5952 X<sv_pvutf8n_force>, sv_reftype X<sv_reftype>, sv_replace X<sv_replace>,
5953 sv_reset X<sv_reset>, sv_rvweaken X<sv_rvweaken>, sv_setiv X<sv_setiv>,
5954 sv_setiv_mg X<sv_setiv_mg>, sv_setnv X<sv_setnv>, sv_setnv_mg
5955 X<sv_setnv_mg>, sv_setpv X<sv_setpv>, sv_setpvf X<sv_setpvf>, sv_setpvf_mg
5956 X<sv_setpvf_mg>, sv_setpviv X<sv_setpviv>, sv_setpviv_mg X<sv_setpviv_mg>,
5957 sv_setpvn X<sv_setpvn>, sv_setpvn_mg X<sv_setpvn_mg>, sv_setpvs
5958 X<sv_setpvs>, sv_setpv_mg X<sv_setpv_mg>, sv_setref_iv X<sv_setref_iv>,
5959 sv_setref_nv X<sv_setref_nv>, sv_setref_pv X<sv_setref_pv>, sv_setref_pvn
5960 X<sv_setref_pvn>, sv_setref_uv X<sv_setref_uv>, sv_setsv X<sv_setsv>,
5961 sv_setsv_flags X<sv_setsv_flags>, sv_setsv_mg X<sv_setsv_mg>, sv_setuv
5962 X<sv_setuv>, sv_setuv_mg X<sv_setuv_mg>, sv_tainted X<sv_tainted>, sv_true
5963 X<sv_true>, sv_unmagic X<sv_unmagic>, sv_unref_flags X<sv_unref_flags>,
5964 sv_untaint X<sv_untaint>, sv_upgrade X<sv_upgrade>, sv_usepvn_flags
5965 X<sv_usepvn_flags>, sv_utf8_decode X<sv_utf8_decode>, sv_utf8_downgrade
5966 X<sv_utf8_downgrade>, sv_utf8_encode X<sv_utf8_encode>, sv_utf8_upgrade
5967 X<sv_utf8_upgrade>, sv_utf8_upgrade_flags X<sv_utf8_upgrade_flags>,
5968 sv_vcatpvf X<sv_vcatpvf>, sv_vcatpvfn X<sv_vcatpvfn>, sv_vcatpvf_mg
5969 X<sv_vcatpvf_mg>, sv_vsetpvf X<sv_vsetpvf>, sv_vsetpvfn X<sv_vsetpvfn>,
5970 sv_vsetpvf_mg X<sv_vsetpvf_mg>
5972 =item Unicode Support
5974 bytes_from_utf8 X<bytes_from_utf8>, bytes_to_utf8 X<bytes_to_utf8>,
5975 ibcmp_utf8 X<ibcmp_utf8>, is_utf8_char X<is_utf8_char>, is_utf8_string
5976 X<is_utf8_string>, is_utf8_string_loc X<is_utf8_string_loc>,
5977 is_utf8_string_loclen X<is_utf8_string_loclen>, pv_uni_display
5978 X<pv_uni_display>, sv_cat_decode X<sv_cat_decode>, sv_recode_to_utf8
5979 X<sv_recode_to_utf8>, sv_uni_display X<sv_uni_display>, to_utf8_case
5980 X<to_utf8_case>, to_utf8_fold X<to_utf8_fold>, to_utf8_lower
5981 X<to_utf8_lower>, to_utf8_title X<to_utf8_title>, to_utf8_upper
5982 X<to_utf8_upper>, utf8n_to_uvchr X<utf8n_to_uvchr>, utf8n_to_uvuni
5983 X<utf8n_to_uvuni>, utf8_distance X<utf8_distance>, utf8_hop X<utf8_hop>,
5984 utf8_length X<utf8_length>, utf8_to_bytes X<utf8_to_bytes>, utf8_to_uvchr
5985 X<utf8_to_uvchr>, utf8_to_uvuni X<utf8_to_uvuni>, uvchr_to_utf8
5986 X<uvchr_to_utf8>, uvuni_to_utf8_flags X<uvuni_to_utf8_flags>
5988 =item Variables created by C<xsubpp> and C<xsubpp> internal functions
5990 ax X<ax>, CLASS X<CLASS>, dAX X<dAX>, dAXMARK X<dAXMARK>, dITEMS X<dITEMS>,
5991 dUNDERBAR X<dUNDERBAR>, dXSARGS X<dXSARGS>, dXSI32 X<dXSI32>, items
5992 X<items>, ix X<ix>, newXSproto X<newXSproto>, RETVAL X<RETVAL>, ST X<ST>,
5993 THIS X<THIS>, UNDERBAR X<UNDERBAR>, XS X<XS>, XS_VERSION X<XS_VERSION>,
5994 XS_VERSION_BOOTCHECK X<XS_VERSION_BOOTCHECK>
5996 =item Warning and Dieing
5998 croak X<croak>, warn X<warn>
6006 =head2 perlintern - autogenerated documentation of purely B<internal>
6012 X<internal Perl functions> X<interpreter functions>
6014 =item CV reference counts and CvOUTSIDE
6016 CvWEAKOUTSIDE X<CvWEAKOUTSIDE>
6018 =item Functions in file pad.h
6020 CX_CURPAD_SAVE X<CX_CURPAD_SAVE>, CX_CURPAD_SV X<CX_CURPAD_SV>, PAD_BASE_SV
6021 X<PAD_BASE_SV>, PAD_CLONE_VARS X<PAD_CLONE_VARS>, PAD_COMPNAME_FLAGS
6022 X<PAD_COMPNAME_FLAGS>, PAD_COMPNAME_GEN X<PAD_COMPNAME_GEN>,
6023 PAD_COMPNAME_GEN_set X<PAD_COMPNAME_GEN_set>, PAD_COMPNAME_OURSTASH
6024 X<PAD_COMPNAME_OURSTASH>, PAD_COMPNAME_PV X<PAD_COMPNAME_PV>,
6025 PAD_COMPNAME_TYPE X<PAD_COMPNAME_TYPE>, PAD_DUP X<PAD_DUP>,
6026 PAD_RESTORE_LOCAL X<PAD_RESTORE_LOCAL>, PAD_SAVE_LOCAL X<PAD_SAVE_LOCAL>,
6027 PAD_SAVE_SETNULLPAD X<PAD_SAVE_SETNULLPAD>, PAD_SETSV X<PAD_SETSV>,
6028 PAD_SET_CUR X<PAD_SET_CUR>, PAD_SET_CUR_NOSAVE X<PAD_SET_CUR_NOSAVE>,
6029 PAD_SV X<PAD_SV>, PAD_SVl X<PAD_SVl>, SAVECLEARSV X<SAVECLEARSV>,
6030 SAVECOMPPAD X<SAVECOMPPAD>, SAVEPADSV X<SAVEPADSV>
6034 is_gv_magical X<is_gv_magical>, is_gv_magical_sv X<is_gv_magical_sv>
6036 =item Hash Manipulation Functions
6038 refcounted_he_chain_2hv X<refcounted_he_chain_2hv>, refcounted_he_free
6039 X<refcounted_he_free>, refcounted_he_new X<refcounted_he_new>
6043 start_glob X<start_glob>
6045 =item Magical Functions
6047 magic_sethint X<magic_sethint>, mg_localize X<mg_localize>
6051 mro_get_linear_isa_c3 X<mro_get_linear_isa_c3>, mro_get_linear_isa_dfs
6052 X<mro_get_linear_isa_dfs>, mro_isa_changed_in X<mro_isa_changed_in>
6054 =item Pad Data Structures
6056 CvPADLIST X<CvPADLIST>, cv_clone X<cv_clone>, cv_dump X<cv_dump>,
6057 do_dump_pad X<do_dump_pad>, intro_my X<intro_my>, pad_add_anon
6058 X<pad_add_anon>, pad_add_name X<pad_add_name>, pad_alloc X<pad_alloc>,
6059 pad_block_start X<pad_block_start>, pad_check_dup X<pad_check_dup>,
6060 pad_findlex X<pad_findlex>, pad_findmy X<pad_findmy>, pad_fixup_inner_anons
6061 X<pad_fixup_inner_anons>, pad_free X<pad_free>, pad_leavemy X<pad_leavemy>,
6062 pad_new X<pad_new>, pad_push X<pad_push>, pad_reset X<pad_reset>, pad_setsv
6063 X<pad_setsv>, pad_swipe X<pad_swipe>, pad_tidy X<pad_tidy>, pad_undef
6066 =item Per-Interpreter Variables
6068 PL_DBsingle X<PL_DBsingle>, PL_DBsub X<PL_DBsub>, PL_DBtrace X<PL_DBtrace>,
6069 PL_dowarn X<PL_dowarn>, PL_last_in_gv X<PL_last_in_gv>, PL_ofs_sv
6070 X<PL_ofs_sv>, PL_rs X<PL_rs>
6072 =item Stack Manipulation Macros
6074 djSP X<djSP>, LVRET X<LVRET>
6076 =item SV Manipulation Functions
6078 sv_add_arena X<sv_add_arena>, sv_clean_all X<sv_clean_all>, sv_clean_objs
6079 X<sv_clean_objs>, sv_free_arenas X<sv_free_arenas>
6081 =item SV-Body Allocation
6085 =item Unicode Support
6087 find_uninit_var X<find_uninit_var>, report_uninit X<report_uninit>
6095 =head2 perliol - C API for Perl's implementation of IO in Layers.
6105 =item History and Background
6107 =item Basic Structure
6109 =item Layers vs Disciplines
6111 =item Data Structures
6113 =item Functions and Attributes
6115 =item Per-instance Data
6117 =item Layers in action.
6119 =item Per-instance flag bits
6121 PERLIO_F_EOF, PERLIO_F_CANWRITE, PERLIO_F_CANREAD, PERLIO_F_ERROR,
6122 PERLIO_F_TRUNCATE, PERLIO_F_APPEND, PERLIO_F_CRLF, PERLIO_F_UTF8,
6123 PERLIO_F_UNBUF, PERLIO_F_WRBUF, PERLIO_F_RDBUF, PERLIO_F_LINEBUF,
6124 PERLIO_F_TEMP, PERLIO_F_OPEN, PERLIO_F_FASTGETS
6126 =item Methods in Detail
6128 fsize, name, size, kind, PERLIO_K_BUFFERED, PERLIO_K_RAW, PERLIO_K_CANCRLF,
6129 PERLIO_K_FASTGETS, PERLIO_K_MULTIARG, Pushed, Popped, Open, Binmode,
6130 Getarg, Fileno, Dup, Read, Write, Seek, Tell, Close, Flush, Fill, Eof,
6131 Error, Clearerr, Setlinebuf, Get_base, Get_bufsiz, Get_ptr, Get_cnt,
6136 =item Implementing PerlIO Layers
6138 C implementations, Perl implementations
6142 "unix", "perlio", "stdio", "crlf", "mmap", "pending", "raw", "utf8"
6144 =item Extension Layers
6146 ":encoding", ":scalar", ":via"
6154 =head2 perlapio - perl's IO abstraction interface.
6162 1. USE_STDIO, 2. USE_SFIO, 3. USE_PERLIO, B<PerlIO_stdin()>,
6163 B<PerlIO_stdout()>, B<PerlIO_stderr()>, B<PerlIO_open(path, mode)>,
6164 B<PerlIO_fdopen(fd,mode)>, B<PerlIO_reopen(path,mode,f)>,
6165 B<PerlIO_printf(f,fmt,...)>, B<PerlIO_vprintf(f,fmt,a)>,
6166 B<PerlIO_stdoutf(fmt,...)>, B<PerlIO_read(f,buf,count)>,
6167 B<PerlIO_write(f,buf,count)>, B<PerlIO_close(f)>, B<PerlIO_puts(f,s)>,
6168 B<PerlIO_putc(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_ungetc(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_getc(f)>,
6169 B<PerlIO_eof(f)>, B<PerlIO_error(f)>, B<PerlIO_fileno(f)>,
6170 B<PerlIO_clearerr(f)>, B<PerlIO_flush(f)>, B<PerlIO_seek(f,offset,whence)>,
6171 B<PerlIO_tell(f)>, B<PerlIO_getpos(f,p)>, B<PerlIO_setpos(f,p)>,
6172 B<PerlIO_rewind(f)>, B<PerlIO_tmpfile()>, B<PerlIO_setlinebuf(f)>
6176 =item Co-existence with stdio
6178 B<PerlIO_importFILE(f,mode)>, B<PerlIO_exportFILE(f,mode)>,
6179 B<PerlIO_releaseFILE(p,f)>, B<PerlIO_findFILE(f)>
6181 =item "Fast gets" Functions
6183 B<PerlIO_fast_gets(f)>, B<PerlIO_has_cntptr(f)>, B<PerlIO_get_cnt(f)>,
6184 B<PerlIO_get_ptr(f)>, B<PerlIO_set_ptrcnt(f,p,c)>, B<PerlIO_canset_cnt(f)>,
6185 B<PerlIO_set_cnt(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_has_base(f)>, B<PerlIO_get_base(f)>,
6186 B<PerlIO_get_bufsiz(f)>
6188 =item Other Functions
6190 PerlIO_apply_layers(f,mode,layers), PerlIO_binmode(f,ptype,imode,layers),
6191 'E<lt>' read, 'E<gt>' write, '+' read/write, PerlIO_debug(fmt,...)
6197 =head2 perlhack - How to hack at the Perl internals
6203 Does concept match the general goals of Perl?, Where is the
6204 implementation?, Backwards compatibility, Could it be a module instead?, Is
6205 the feature generic enough?, Does it potentially introduce new bugs?, Does
6206 it preclude other desirable features?, Is the implementation robust?, Is
6207 the implementation generic enough to be portable?, Is the implementation
6208 tested?, Is there enough documentation?, Is there another way to do it?,
6209 Does it create too much work?, Patches speak louder than words
6213 =item Keeping in sync
6215 rsync'ing the source tree, Using rsync over the LAN, Using pushing over the
6216 NFS, rsync'ing the patches
6218 =item Why rsync the source tree
6220 It's easier to rsync the source tree, It's more reliable
6222 =item Why rsync the patches
6224 It's easier to rsync the patches, It's a good reference, Finding a start
6225 point, Finding how to fix a bug, Finding the source of misbehaviour
6227 =item Working with the source
6229 =item Perlbug administration
6231 =item Submitting patches
6233 L<perlguts>, L<perlxstut> and L<perlxs>, L<perlapi>,
6234 F<Porting/pumpkin.pod>, The perl5-porters FAQ
6236 =item Finding Your Way Around
6238 Core modules, Tests, Documentation, Configure, Interpreter
6240 =item Elements of the interpreter
6242 Startup, Parsing, Optimization, Running, Exception handing
6244 =item Internal Variable Types
6250 Argument stack, Mark stack, Save stack
6252 =item Millions of Macros
6254 =item The .i Targets
6258 =item SOURCE CODE STATIC ANALYSIS
6266 =item cpd (cut-and-paste detector)
6270 =item Warnings of other C compilers
6274 =item Poking at Perl
6276 =item Using a source-level debugger
6278 run [args], break function_name, break source.c:xxx, step, next, continue,
6279 finish, 'enter', print
6281 =item gdb macro support
6283 =item Dumping Perl Data Structures
6287 =item Patching a core module
6289 =item Adding a new function to the core
6291 =item Writing a test
6293 F<t/base/>, F<t/cmd/>, F<t/comp/>, F<t/io/>, F<t/lib/>, F<t/op/>,
6294 F<t/pod/>, F<t/run/>, F<t/uni/>, F<t/win32/>, F<t/x2p>, t/base t/comp,
6295 t/cmd t/run t/io t/op, t/lib ext lib
6297 =item Special Make Test Targets
6299 coretest, test.deparse, test.taintwarn, minitest, test.valgrind
6300 check.valgrind utest.valgrind ucheck.valgrind, test.third check.third
6301 utest.third ucheck.third, test.torture torturetest, utest ucheck test.utf8
6302 check.utf8, minitest.utf16 test.utf16, test_harness, test-notty test_notty
6304 =item Running tests by hand
6306 -v, -torture, -re=PATTERN, -re LIST OF PATTERNS, PERL_CORE=1,
6307 PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL=2, PERL, PERL_SKIP_TTY_TEST
6309 =item Common problems when patching Perl source code
6311 =item Perl environment problems
6313 =item Portability problems
6315 =item Problematic System Interfaces
6317 =item Security problems
6321 =item EXTERNAL TOOLS FOR DEBUGGING PERL
6325 =item Rational Software's Purify
6327 =item Purify on Unix
6329 -Accflags=-DPURIFY, -Doptimize='-g', -Uusemymalloc, -Dusemultiplicity
6333 DEFINES, USE_MULTI = define, #PERL_MALLOC = define, CFG = Debug
6337 =item Compaq's/Digital's/HP's Third Degree
6339 =item PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL
6345 =item Gprof Profiling
6347 -a, -b, -e routine, -f routine, -s, -z
6349 =item GCC gcov Profiling
6351 =item Pixie Profiling
6353 -h, -l, -p[rocedures], -h[eavy], -i[nvocations], -l[ines], -testcoverage,
6356 =item Miscellaneous tricks
6362 I<The Road goes ever on and on, down from the door where it began.>
6368 =head2 perlbook - Perl book information
6376 =head2 perlcommunity - a brief overview of the Perl community
6384 =item Where to find the community
6386 =item Mailing lists and Newsgroups
6392 L<http://perl.com/>, L<http://use.perl.org/>, L<http://www.perlmonks.org/>
6402 =item Calendar of Perl Events
6410 =head2 perltodo - Perl TO-DO List
6416 =item Tasks that only need Perl knowledge
6420 =item merge common code in installperl and installman
6422 =item common test code for timed bail out
6424 =item POD -E<gt> HTML conversion in the core still sucks
6426 =item merge checkpods and podchecker
6428 =item perlmodlib.PL rewrite
6430 =item Parallel testing
6432 =item Make Schwern poorer
6434 =item Improve the coverage of the core tests
6438 =item Deparse inlined constants
6440 =item A decent benchmark
6442 =item fix tainting bugs
6444 =item Dual life everything
6446 =item Improving C<threads::shared>
6448 =item POSIX memory footprint
6450 =item embed.pl/makedef.pl
6452 =item use strict; and AutoLoad
6456 =item Tasks that need a little sysadmin-type knowledge
6460 =item make HTML install work
6462 =item compressed man pages
6464 =item Add a code coverage target to the Makefile
6466 =item Make Config.pm cope with differences between built and installed perl
6468 =item linker specification files
6470 =item Cross-compile support
6476 =item Tasks that need a little C knowledge
6480 =item Exterminate PL_na!
6482 =item Modernize the order of directories in @INC
6486 =item Make it clear from -v if this is the exact official release
6488 =item Profile Perl - am I hot or not?
6490 =item Allocate OPs from arenas
6492 =item Improve win32/wince.c
6494 =item Use secure CRT functions when building with VC8 on Win32
6496 =item __FUNCTION__ for MSVC-pre-7.0
6498 =item strcat(), strcpy(), strncat(), strncpy(), sprintf(), vsprintf()
6502 =item Tasks that need a knowledge of XS
6506 =item autovivification
6508 =item Unicode in Filenames
6510 =item Unicode in %ENV
6512 =item Unicode and glob()
6514 =item Unicode and lc/uc operators
6516 =item use less 'memory'
6518 =item Re-implement C<:unique> in a way that is actually thread-safe
6520 =item Make tainting consistent
6522 =item readpipe(LIST)
6524 =item Audit the code for destruction ordering assumptions
6526 =item Extend PerlIO and PerlIO::Scalar
6528 =item -C on the #! line
6530 =item Propagate const outwards from Perl_moreswitches()
6532 =item Duplicate logic in S_method_common() and
6533 Perl_gv_fetchmethod_autoload()
6537 =item Tasks that need a knowledge of the interpreter
6541 =item state variable initialization in list context
6543 =item Implement $value ~~ 0 .. $range
6545 =item A does() built-in
6547 =item Tied filehandles and write() don't mix
6549 =item Attach/detach debugger from running program
6551 =item Optimize away empty destructors
6553 =item LVALUE functions for lists
6555 =item LVALUE functions in the debugger
6557 =item regexp optimiser optional
6559 =item delete &function
6561 =item C</w> regex modifier
6563 =item optional optimizer
6565 =item You WANT *how* many
6567 =item lexical aliases
6569 =item entersub XS vs Perl
6573 =item Optimize away @_
6575 =item Properly Unicode safe tokeniser and pads.
6577 =item The yada yada yada operators
6579 =item Virtualize operating system access
6581 =item Investigate PADTMP hash pessimisation
6589 =item make ithreads more robust
6593 =item (?{...}) closures in regexps
6595 =item A re-entrant regexp engine
6597 =item Add class set operations to regexp engine
6603 =head2 perldoc - Look up Perl documentation in Pod format.
6613 B<-h>, B<-v>, B<-t>, B<-u>, B<-m> I<module>, B<-l>, B<-F>, B<-f>
6614 I<perlfunc>, B<-q> I<perlfaq-search-regexp>, B<-T>, B<-d>
6615 I<destination-filename>, B<-o> I<output-formatname>, B<-M> I<module-name>,
6616 B<-w> I<option:value> or B<-w> I<option>, B<-X>, B<-L> I<language_code>,
6617 B<PageName|ModuleName|ProgramName>, B<-n> I<some-formatter>, B<-r>, B<-i>,
6628 =head2 perlhist - the Perl history records
6636 =item THE KEEPERS OF THE PUMPKIN
6648 =item SELECTED RELEASE SIZES
6650 =item SELECTED PATCH SIZES
6654 =item THE KEEPERS OF THE RECORDS
6658 =head2 perldelta - what is new for perl 5.10.0
6664 =item Core Enhancements
6668 =item The C<feature> pragma
6670 =item New B<-E> command-line switch
6672 =item Defined-or operator
6674 =item Switch and Smart Match operator
6676 =item Regular expressions
6678 Recursive Patterns, Named Capture Buffers, Possessive Quantifiers,
6679 Backtracking control verbs, Relative backreferences, C<\K> escape, Vertical
6680 and horizontal whitespace, and linebreak
6686 =item The C<_> prototype
6688 =item UNITCHECK blocks
6690 =item New Pragma, C<mro>
6692 =item readpipe() is now overridable
6694 =item Default argument for readline()
6696 =item state() variables
6698 =item Stacked filetest operators
6700 =item UNIVERSAL::DOES()
6704 =item Byte-order modifiers for pack() and unpack()
6708 =item C<chdir>, C<chmod> and C<chown> on filehandles
6712 =item Recursive sort subs
6714 =item Exceptions in constant folding
6716 =item Source filters in @INC
6718 =item New internal variables
6720 C<${^RE_DEBUG_FLAGS}>, C<${^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE}>, C<${^RE_TRIE_MAXBUF}>,
6721 C<${^WIN32_SLOPPY_STAT}>
6729 =item kill() on Windows
6733 =item Incompatible Changes
6737 =item Packing and UTF-8 strings
6739 =item Byte/character count feature in unpack()
6741 =item The C<$*> and C<$#> variables have been removed
6743 =item substr() lvalues are no longer fixed-length
6745 =item Parsing of C<-f _>
6749 =item Effect of pragmas in eval
6753 =item Handling of .pmc files
6755 =item @- and @+ in patterns
6757 =item $AUTOLOAD can now be tainted
6759 =item Tainting and printf
6761 =item undef and signal handlers
6763 =item strictures and dereferencing in defined()
6765 =item C<(?p{})> has been removed
6767 =item Pseudo-hashes have been removed
6769 =item Removal of the bytecode compiler and of perlcc
6771 =item Removal of the JPL
6773 =item Recursive inheritance detected earlier
6777 =item Modules and Pragmata
6781 =item Pragmata Changes
6783 C<feature>, C<mro>, Scoping of the C<sort> pragma, Scoping of C<bignum>,
6784 C<bigint>, C<bigrat>, C<base>, C<strict> and C<warnings>, C<version>,
6785 C<warnings>, C<less>
6789 =item Selected Changes to Core Modules
6791 C<Attribute::Handlers>, C<B::Lint>, C<B>, C<Thread>
6795 =item Utility Changes
6797 perl -d, ptar, ptardiff, shasum, corelist, h2ph and h2xs, perlivp,
6798 find2perl, config_data, cpanp, cpan2dist, pod2html
6800 =item New Documentation
6802 =item Performance Enhancements
6806 =item In-place sorting
6808 =item Lexical array access
6810 =item XS-assisted SWASHGET
6812 =item Constant subroutines
6814 =item C<PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV>
6816 =item Weak references are cheaper
6818 =item sort() enhancements
6820 =item Memory optimisations
6822 =item UTF-8 cache optimisation
6824 =item Sloppy stat on Windows
6826 =item Regular expressions optimisations
6828 Engine de-recursivised, Single char char-classes treated as literals, Trie
6829 optimisation of literal string alternations, Aho-Corasick start-point
6834 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
6838 =item Configuration improvements
6840 C<-Dusesitecustomize>, Relocatable installations, strlcat() and strlcpy(),
6841 C<d_pseudofork> and C<d_printf_format_null>, Configure help
6843 =item Compilation improvements
6845 Parallel build, Borland's compilers support, Static build on Windows,
6846 ppport.h files, C++ compatibility, Support for Microsoft 64-bit compiler,
6847 Visual C++, Win32 builds
6849 =item Installation improvements
6851 Module auxiliary files
6853 =item New Or Improved Platforms
6857 =item Selected Bug Fixes
6859 strictures in regexp-eval blocks, Calling CORE::require(), Subscripts of
6860 slices, C<no warnings 'category'> works correctly with -w, threads
6861 improvements, chr() and negative values, PERL5SHELL and tainting, Using
6862 *FILE{IO}, Overloading and reblessing, Overloading and UTF-8, eval memory
6863 leaks fixed, Random device on Windows, PERLIO_DEBUG, PerlIO::scalar and
6864 read-only scalars, study() and UTF-8, Critical signals, @INC-hook fix,
6865 C<-t> switch fix, Duping UTF-8 filehandles, Localisation of hash elements
6867 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
6869 Use of uninitialized value, Deprecated use of my() in false conditional,
6870 !=~ should be !~, Newline in left-justified string, Too late for "-T"
6871 option, "%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration,
6872 readdir()/closedir()/etc. attempted on invalid dirhandle, Opening
6873 dirhandle/filehandle %s also as a file/directory, Use of -P is deprecated,
6874 v-string in use/require is non-portable, perl -V
6876 =item Changed Internals
6880 =item Reordering of SVt_* constants
6882 =item Elimination of SVt_PVBM
6884 =item New type SVt_BIND
6886 =item Removal of CPP symbols
6888 =item Less space is used by ops
6892 =item Use of C<const>
6896 =item C<AvFLAGS> has been removed
6898 =item C<av_*> changes
6902 =item B:: modules inheritance changed
6904 =item Anonymous hash and array constructors
6908 =item Known Problems
6910 =item Platform Specific Problems
6912 =item Reporting Bugs
6918 =head2 perl5100delta, perldelta - what is new for perl 5.10.0
6924 =item Core Enhancements
6928 =item The C<feature> pragma
6930 =item New B<-E> command-line switch
6932 =item Defined-or operator
6934 =item Switch and Smart Match operator
6936 =item Regular expressions
6938 Recursive Patterns, Named Capture Buffers, Possessive Quantifiers,
6939 Backtracking control verbs, Relative backreferences, C<\K> escape, Vertical
6940 and horizontal whitespace, and linebreak
6946 =item The C<_> prototype
6948 =item UNITCHECK blocks
6950 =item New Pragma, C<mro>
6952 =item readpipe() is now overridable
6954 =item Default argument for readline()
6956 =item state() variables
6958 =item Stacked filetest operators
6960 =item UNIVERSAL::DOES()
6964 =item Byte-order modifiers for pack() and unpack()
6968 =item C<chdir>, C<chmod> and C<chown> on filehandles
6972 =item Recursive sort subs
6974 =item Exceptions in constant folding
6976 =item Source filters in @INC
6978 =item New internal variables
6980 C<${^RE_DEBUG_FLAGS}>, C<${^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE}>, C<${^RE_TRIE_MAXBUF}>,
6981 C<${^WIN32_SLOPPY_STAT}>
6989 =item kill() on Windows
6993 =item Incompatible Changes
6997 =item Packing and UTF-8 strings
6999 =item Byte/character count feature in unpack()
7001 =item The C<$*> and C<$#> variables have been removed
7003 =item substr() lvalues are no longer fixed-length
7005 =item Parsing of C<-f _>
7009 =item Effect of pragmas in eval
7013 =item Handling of .pmc files
7015 =item @- and @+ in patterns
7017 =item $AUTOLOAD can now be tainted
7019 =item Tainting and printf
7021 =item undef and signal handlers
7023 =item strictures and dereferencing in defined()
7025 =item C<(?p{})> has been removed
7027 =item Pseudo-hashes have been removed
7029 =item Removal of the bytecode compiler and of perlcc
7031 =item Removal of the JPL
7033 =item Recursive inheritance detected earlier
7037 =item Modules and Pragmata
7041 =item Pragmata Changes
7043 C<feature>, C<mro>, Scoping of the C<sort> pragma, Scoping of C<bignum>,
7044 C<bigint>, C<bigrat>, C<base>, C<strict> and C<warnings>, C<version>,
7045 C<warnings>, C<less>
7049 =item Selected Changes to Core Modules
7051 C<Attribute::Handlers>, C<B::Lint>, C<B>, C<Thread>
7055 =item Utility Changes
7057 perl -d, ptar, ptardiff, shasum, corelist, h2ph and h2xs, perlivp,
7058 find2perl, config_data, cpanp, cpan2dist, pod2html
7060 =item New Documentation
7062 =item Performance Enhancements
7066 =item In-place sorting
7068 =item Lexical array access
7070 =item XS-assisted SWASHGET
7072 =item Constant subroutines
7074 =item C<PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV>
7076 =item Weak references are cheaper
7078 =item sort() enhancements
7080 =item Memory optimisations
7082 =item UTF-8 cache optimisation
7084 =item Sloppy stat on Windows
7086 =item Regular expressions optimisations
7088 Engine de-recursivised, Single char char-classes treated as literals, Trie
7089 optimisation of literal string alternations, Aho-Corasick start-point
7094 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
7098 =item Configuration improvements
7100 C<-Dusesitecustomize>, Relocatable installations, strlcat() and strlcpy(),
7101 C<d_pseudofork> and C<d_printf_format_null>, Configure help
7103 =item Compilation improvements
7105 Parallel build, Borland's compilers support, Static build on Windows,
7106 ppport.h files, C++ compatibility, Support for Microsoft 64-bit compiler,
7107 Visual C++, Win32 builds
7109 =item Installation improvements
7111 Module auxiliary files
7113 =item New Or Improved Platforms
7117 =item Selected Bug Fixes
7119 strictures in regexp-eval blocks, Calling CORE::require(), Subscripts of
7120 slices, C<no warnings 'category'> works correctly with -w, threads
7121 improvements, chr() and negative values, PERL5SHELL and tainting, Using
7122 *FILE{IO}, Overloading and reblessing, Overloading and UTF-8, eval memory
7123 leaks fixed, Random device on Windows, PERLIO_DEBUG, PerlIO::scalar and
7124 read-only scalars, study() and UTF-8, Critical signals, @INC-hook fix,
7125 C<-t> switch fix, Duping UTF-8 filehandles, Localisation of hash elements
7127 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
7129 Use of uninitialized value, Deprecated use of my() in false conditional,
7130 !=~ should be !~, Newline in left-justified string, Too late for "-T"
7131 option, "%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration,
7132 readdir()/closedir()/etc. attempted on invalid dirhandle, Opening
7133 dirhandle/filehandle %s also as a file/directory, Use of -P is deprecated,
7134 v-string in use/require is non-portable, perl -V
7136 =item Changed Internals
7140 =item Reordering of SVt_* constants
7142 =item Elimination of SVt_PVBM
7144 =item New type SVt_BIND
7146 =item Removal of CPP symbols
7148 =item Less space is used by ops
7152 =item Use of C<const>
7156 =item C<AvFLAGS> has been removed
7158 =item C<av_*> changes
7162 =item B:: modules inheritance changed
7164 =item Anonymous hash and array constructors
7168 =item Known Problems
7170 =item Platform Specific Problems
7172 =item Reporting Bugs
7178 =head2 perl595delta - what is new for perl v5.9.5
7184 =item Incompatible Changes
7188 =item Tainting and printf
7190 =item undef and signal handlers
7192 =item strictures and array/hash dereferencing in defined()
7194 =item C<(?p{})> has been removed
7196 =item Pseudo-hashes have been removed
7198 =item Removal of the bytecode compiler and of perlcc
7200 =item Removal of the JPL
7202 =item Recursive inheritance detected earlier
7206 =item Core Enhancements
7210 =item Regular expressions
7212 Recursive Patterns, Named Capture Buffers, Possessive Quantifiers,
7213 Backtracking control verbs, Relative backreferences, C<\K> escape, Vertical
7214 and horizontal whitespace, and linebreak
7216 =item The C<_> prototype
7218 =item UNITCHECK blocks
7220 =item readpipe() is now overridable
7222 =item default argument for readline()
7228 =item Implicit loading of C<feature>
7232 =item Modules and Pragmas
7236 =item New Pragma, C<mro>
7238 =item bignum, bigint, bigrat
7240 =item Math::BigInt/Math::BigFloat
7242 config(), import(), roundmode common, bpi(), bcos(), bsin(), batan(),
7243 batan2(), bmuladd(), bexp(), bnok(), from_hex(), from_oct(), and
7244 from_bin(), as_oct()
7246 =item New Core Modules
7248 =item Module changes
7250 C<assertions>, C<base>, C<strict> and C<warnings>, C<warnings>, C<less>,
7251 C<Attribute::Handlers>, C<B::Lint>, C<B>, C<Thread>
7255 =item Utility Changes
7271 =item New manpage, perlunifaq
7275 =item Performance Enhancements
7277 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
7281 =item C++ compatibility
7285 =item Static build on Win32
7289 =item C<d_pseudofork> and C<d_printf_format_null>
7299 =item Selected Bug Fixes
7301 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
7309 =item Changed Internals
7311 =item Known Problems
7315 =item Platform Specific Problems
7319 =item Reporting Bugs
7325 =head2 perl594delta - what is new for perl v5.9.4
7331 =item Incompatible Changes
7337 =item Handling of pmc files
7339 =item @- and @+ in patterns
7341 =item $AUTOLOAD can now be tainted
7345 =item Core Enhancements
7349 =item state() variables
7351 =item UNIVERSAL::DOES()
7353 =item Exceptions in constant folding
7355 =item Source filters in @INC
7361 =item Modules and Pragmas
7365 =item New Core Modules
7369 =item Utility Changes
7381 =item New manpage, perlpragma
7383 =item New manpage, perlreguts
7385 =item New manpage, perlunitut
7389 =item Performance Enhancements
7393 =item Memory optimisations
7395 =item UTF-8 cache optimisation
7397 =item Regular expressions
7399 Engine de-recursivised, Single char char-classes treated as literals, Trie
7400 optimisation of literal string alternations, Aho-Corasick start-point
7403 =item Sloppy stat on Windows
7407 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
7411 =item Relocatable installations
7415 =item Compilation improvements
7419 =item Windows build improvements
7421 Building XS extensions, Support for 64-bit compiler
7425 =item Selected Bug Fixes
7429 =item PERL5SHELL and tainting
7431 =item Using *FILE{IO}
7433 =item Overloading and reblessing
7435 =item Overloading and UTF-8
7437 =item eval memory leaks fixed
7439 =item Random device on Windows
7443 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
7445 State variable %s will be reinitialized
7447 =item Changed Internals
7449 =item Known Problems
7451 =item Reporting Bugs
7457 =head2 perl593delta - what is new for perl v5.9.3
7463 =item Incompatible Changes
7467 =item Parsing of C<-f _>
7471 =item Magic goto and eval
7473 =item C<$#> has been removed
7477 =item Scoping of the C<sort> pragma
7481 =item Core Enhancements
7485 =item The C<feature> pragma
7487 =item Switch and Smart Match operator
7491 =item C<CLONE_SKIP()>
7493 =item C<${^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE}>
7497 =item Unicode Character Database 4.1.0
7501 =item Recursive sort subs
7503 =item Effect of pragmas in eval
7505 =item New B<-E> command-line switch
7507 =item C<chdir>, C<chmod> and C<chown> on filehandles
7513 =item Modules and Pragmata
7517 =item New Core Modules
7521 =item Utility Changes
7531 =item C<h2xs> enhancements
7533 =item C<perlivp> enhancements
7545 =item Performance Enhancements
7549 =item XS-assisted SWASHGET
7551 =item Constant subroutines
7553 =item C<PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV>
7555 =item Weak references are cheaper
7557 =item sort() enhancements
7561 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
7565 =item Compilation improvements
7567 =item New Or Improved Platforms
7571 =item Module auxiliary files
7575 =item Selected Bug Fixes
7579 =item C<defined $$x>
7581 =item Calling CORE::require()
7583 =item Subscripts of slices
7585 =item Remove over-optimisation
7587 =item sprintf() fixes
7589 =item no warnings 'category' works correctly with -w
7593 =item More Unicode Fixes
7597 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
7601 =item Attempt to set length of freed array
7603 =item Non-string passed as bitmask
7605 =item Search pattern not terminated or ternary operator parsed as search
7608 =item "%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration
7610 =item readdir()/closedir()/etc. attempted on invalid dirhandle
7614 =item Changed Internals
7618 =item B:: modules inheritance changed
7622 =item Reporting Bugs
7628 =head2 perl592delta - what is new for perl v5.9.2
7634 =item Incompatible Changes
7638 =item Packing and UTF-8 strings
7644 =item Core Enhancements
7648 =item Malloc wrapping
7650 =item Unicode Character Database 4.0.1
7652 =item suidperl less insecure
7658 =item Unicode Character Classes
7660 =item Byte-order modifiers for pack() and unpack()
7662 =item Byte count feature in pack()
7668 =item Modules and Pragmata
7674 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
7676 B::Concise, Socket, Sys::Syslog, threads
7680 =item Utility Changes
7682 =item Performance Enhancements
7684 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
7686 =item Selected Bug Fixes
7688 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
7690 =item Changed Internals
7692 =item Known Problems
7694 =item Plans for the next release
7696 =item Reporting Bugs
7702 =head2 perl591delta - what is new for perl v5.9.1
7708 =item Incompatible Changes
7712 =item substr() lvalues are no longer fixed-length
7714 =item The C<:unique> attribute is only meaningful for globals
7718 =item Core Enhancements
7724 =item Tied hashes in scalar context
7728 =item Stacked filetest operators
7732 =item Modules and Pragmata
7734 Benchmark, Carp, Exporter, FindBin, List::Util, threads::shared
7736 =item Utility Changes
7740 =item Performance Enhancements
7742 =item Selected Bug Fixes
7748 =item Threading bugs
7754 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
7756 =item Changed Internals
7760 =item Reordering of SVt_* constants
7762 =item Removal of CPP symbols
7764 =item Less space is used by ops
7770 =item Configuration and Building
7772 =item Known Problems
7776 =item Platform Specific Problems
7780 =item To-do for perl 5.10.0
7782 =item Reporting Bugs
7788 =head2 perl590delta - what is new for perl v5.9.0
7794 =item Incompatible Changes
7798 =item Hash Randomisation
7800 =item UTF-8 On Filehandles No Longer Activated By Locale
7802 =item Single-number v-strings are no longer v-strings before "=>"
7804 =item (Win32) The -C Switch Has Been Repurposed
7806 =item (Win32) The /d Switch Of cmd.exe
7808 =item The C<$*> variable has been removed
7812 =item Core Enhancements
7818 =item Defined-or operators
7820 =item UTF-8 no longer default under UTF-8 locales
7822 =item Unsafe signals again available
7824 =item Tied Arrays with Negative Array Indices
7828 =item Unicode Character Database 4.0.0
7830 =item Miscellaneous Enhancements
7834 =item Modules and Pragmata
7838 =item Updated Modules And Pragmata
7840 base, B::Bytecode, B::Concise, B::Deparse, Benchmark, ByteLoader, bytes,
7841 CGI, charnames, CPAN, Data::Dumper, DB_File, Devel::PPPort, Digest::MD5,
7842 Encode, fields, libnet, Math::BigInt, MIME::Base64, NEXT, Net::Ping,
7843 PerlIO::scalar, podlators, Pod::LaTeX, PodParsers, Pod::Perldoc,
7844 Scalar::Util, Storable, strict, Term::ANSIcolor, Test::Harness, Test::More,
7845 Test::Simple, Text::Balanced, Time::HiRes, threads, threads::shared,
7846 Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Normalize, Win32::GetFolderPath,
7851 =item Utility Changes
7853 =item New Documentation
7855 =item Performance Enhancements
7857 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
7861 =item Platform-specific enhancements
7865 =item Selected Bug Fixes
7869 =item Closures, eval and lexicals
7873 =item Platform-specific fixes
7877 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
7881 =item Changed "A thread exited while %d threads were running"
7883 =item Removed "Attempt to clear a restricted hash"
7885 =item New "Illegal declaration of anonymous subroutine"
7887 =item Changed "Invalid range "%s" in transliteration operator"
7889 =item New "Missing control char name in \c"
7891 =item New "Newline in left-justified string for %s"
7893 =item New "Possible precedence problem on bitwise %c operator"
7895 =item New "read() on %s filehandle %s"
7897 =item New "Tied variable freed while still in use"
7899 =item New "To%s: illegal mapping '%s'"
7901 =item New "Use of freed value in iteration"
7905 =item Changed Internals
7909 =item Known Problems
7913 =item Tied hashes in scalar context
7915 =item Net::Ping 450_service and 510_ping_udp failures
7921 =item Platform Specific Problems
7925 =item EBCDIC Platforms
7927 =item Cygwin 1.5 problems
7929 =item HP-UX: HP cc warnings about sendfile and sendpath
7931 =item IRIX: t/uni/tr_7jis.t falsely failing
7933 =item Mac OS X: no usemymalloc
7935 =item Tru64: No threaded builds with GNU cc (gcc)
7937 =item Win32: sysopen, sysread, syswrite
7943 =item Reporting Bugs
7949 =head2 perl588delta - what is new for perl v5.8.8
7955 =item Incompatible Changes
7957 =item Core Enhancements
7959 =item Modules and Pragmata
7961 =item Utility Changes
7965 =item C<h2xs> enhancements
7967 =item C<perlivp> enhancements
7971 =item New Documentation
7973 =item Performance Enhancements
7975 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
7977 =item Selected Bug Fixes
7981 =item no warnings 'category' works correctly with -w
7983 =item Remove over-optimisation
7985 =item sprintf() fixes
7987 =item Debugger and Unicode slowdown
7993 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
7997 =item Attempt to set length of freed array
7999 =item Non-string passed as bitmask
8001 =item Search pattern not terminated or ternary operator parsed as search
8006 =item Changed Internals
8008 =item Platform Specific Problems
8010 =item Reporting Bugs
8016 =head2 perl587delta - what is new for perl v5.8.7
8022 =item Incompatible Changes
8024 =item Core Enhancements
8028 =item Unicode Character Database 4.1.0
8030 =item suidperl less insecure
8032 =item Optional site customization script
8034 =item C<Config.pm> is now much smaller.
8038 =item Modules and Pragmata
8040 =item Utility Changes
8044 =item find2perl enhancements
8048 =item Performance Enhancements
8050 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
8052 =item Selected Bug Fixes
8054 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
8056 =item Changed Internals
8058 =item Known Problems
8060 =item Platform Specific Problems
8062 =item Reporting Bugs
8068 =head2 perl586delta - what is new for perl v5.8.6
8074 =item Incompatible Changes
8076 =item Core Enhancements
8078 =item Modules and Pragmata
8080 =item Utility Changes
8082 =item Performance Enhancements
8084 =item Selected Bug Fixes
8086 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
8088 =item Changed Internals
8092 =item Reporting Bugs
8098 =head2 perl585delta - what is new for perl v5.8.5
8104 =item Incompatible Changes
8106 =item Core Enhancements
8108 =item Modules and Pragmata
8110 =item Utility Changes
8114 =item Perl's debugger
8120 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
8122 =item Selected Bug Fixes
8124 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
8126 =item Changed Internals
8128 =item Known Problems
8130 =item Platform Specific Problems
8132 =item Reporting Bugs
8138 =head2 perl584delta - what is new for perl v5.8.4
8144 =item Incompatible Changes
8146 =item Core Enhancements
8150 =item Malloc wrapping
8152 =item Unicode Character Database 4.0.1
8154 =item suidperl less insecure
8160 =item Modules and Pragmata
8164 =item Updated modules
8166 Attribute::Handlers, B, Benchmark, CGI, Carp, Cwd, Exporter, File::Find,
8167 IO, IPC::Open3, Local::Maketext, Math::BigFloat, Math::BigInt,
8168 Math::BigRat, MIME::Base64, ODBM_File, POSIX, Shell, Socket, Storable,
8169 Switch, Sys::Syslog, Term::ANSIColor, Time::HiRes, Unicode::UCD, Win32,
8170 base, open, threads, utf8
8174 =item Performance Enhancements
8176 =item Utility Changes
8178 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
8180 =item Selected Bug Fixes
8182 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
8184 =item Changed Internals
8186 =item Future Directions
8188 =item Platform Specific Problems
8190 =item Reporting Bugs
8196 =head2 perl583delta - what is new for perl v5.8.3
8202 =item Incompatible Changes
8204 =item Core Enhancements
8206 =item Modules and Pragmata
8208 CGI, Cwd, Digest, Digest::MD5, Encode, File::Spec, FindBin, List::Util,
8209 Math::BigInt, PodParser, Pod::Perldoc, POSIX, Unicode::Collate,
8210 Unicode::Normalize, Test::Harness, threads::shared
8212 =item Utility Changes
8214 =item New Documentation
8216 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
8218 =item Selected Bug Fixes
8220 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
8222 =item Changed Internals
8224 =item Configuration and Building
8226 =item Platform Specific Problems
8228 =item Known Problems
8230 =item Future Directions
8234 =item Reporting Bugs
8240 =head2 perl582delta - what is new for perl v5.8.2
8246 =item Incompatible Changes
8248 =item Core Enhancements
8252 =item Hash Randomisation
8258 =item Modules and Pragmata
8262 =item Updated Modules And Pragmata
8264 Devel::PPPort, Digest::MD5, I18N::LangTags, libnet, MIME::Base64,
8265 Pod::Perldoc, strict, Tie::Hash, Time::HiRes, Unicode::Collate,
8266 Unicode::Normalize, UNIVERSAL
8270 =item Selected Bug Fixes
8272 =item Changed Internals
8274 =item Platform Specific Problems
8276 =item Future Directions
8278 =item Reporting Bugs
8284 =head2 perl581delta - what is new for perl v5.8.1
8290 =item Incompatible Changes
8294 =item Hash Randomisation
8296 =item UTF-8 On Filehandles No Longer Activated By Locale
8298 =item Single-number v-strings are no longer v-strings before "=>"
8300 =item (Win32) The -C Switch Has Been Repurposed
8302 =item (Win32) The /d Switch Of cmd.exe
8306 =item Core Enhancements
8310 =item UTF-8 no longer default under UTF-8 locales
8312 =item Unsafe signals again available
8314 =item Tied Arrays with Negative Array Indices
8318 =item Unicode Character Database 4.0.0
8320 =item Deprecation Warnings
8322 =item Miscellaneous Enhancements
8326 =item Modules and Pragmata
8330 =item Updated Modules And Pragmata
8332 base, B::Bytecode, B::Concise, B::Deparse, Benchmark, ByteLoader, bytes,
8333 CGI, charnames, CPAN, Data::Dumper, DB_File, Devel::PPPort, Digest::MD5,
8334 Encode, fields, libnet, Math::BigInt, MIME::Base64, NEXT, Net::Ping,
8335 PerlIO::scalar, podlators, Pod::LaTeX, PodParsers, Pod::Perldoc,
8336 Scalar::Util, Storable, strict, Term::ANSIcolor, Test::Harness, Test::More,
8337 Test::Simple, Text::Balanced, Time::HiRes, threads, threads::shared,
8338 Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Normalize, Win32::GetFolderPath,
8343 =item Utility Changes
8345 =item New Documentation
8347 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
8351 =item Platform-specific enhancements
8355 =item Selected Bug Fixes
8359 =item Closures, eval and lexicals
8363 =item Platform-specific fixes
8367 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
8371 =item Changed "A thread exited while %d threads were running"
8373 =item Removed "Attempt to clear a restricted hash"
8375 =item New "Illegal declaration of anonymous subroutine"
8377 =item Changed "Invalid range "%s" in transliteration operator"
8379 =item New "Missing control char name in \c"
8381 =item New "Newline in left-justified string for %s"
8383 =item New "Possible precedence problem on bitwise %c operator"
8385 =item New "Pseudo-hashes are deprecated"
8387 =item New "read() on %s filehandle %s"
8389 =item New "5.005 threads are deprecated"
8391 =item New "Tied variable freed while still in use"
8393 =item New "To%s: illegal mapping '%s'"
8395 =item New "Use of freed value in iteration"
8399 =item Changed Internals
8403 =item Known Problems
8407 =item Tied hashes in scalar context
8409 =item Net::Ping 450_service and 510_ping_udp failures
8415 =item Platform Specific Problems
8419 =item EBCDIC Platforms
8421 =item Cygwin 1.5 problems
8423 =item HP-UX: HP cc warnings about sendfile and sendpath
8425 =item IRIX: t/uni/tr_7jis.t falsely failing
8427 =item Mac OS X: no usemymalloc
8429 =item Tru64: No threaded builds with GNU cc (gcc)
8431 =item Win32: sysopen, sysread, syswrite
8435 =item Future Directions
8437 =item Reporting Bugs
8443 =head2 perl58delta - what is new for perl v5.8.0
8449 =item Highlights In 5.8.0
8451 =item Incompatible Changes
8455 =item Binary Incompatibility
8457 =item 64-bit platforms and malloc
8459 =item AIX Dynaloading
8461 =item Attributes for C<my> variables now handled at run-time
8463 =item Socket Extension Dynamic in VMS
8465 =item IEEE-format Floating Point Default on OpenVMS Alpha
8467 =item New Unicode Semantics (no more C<use utf8>, almost)
8469 =item New Unicode Properties
8471 =item REF(...) Instead Of SCALAR(...)
8473 =item pack/unpack D/F recycled
8475 =item glob() now returns filenames in alphabetical order
8481 =item Core Enhancements
8485 =item Unicode Overhaul
8487 =item PerlIO is Now The Default
8491 =item Restricted Hashes
8495 =item Understanding of Numbers
8497 =item Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings [561]
8499 =item Miscellaneous Changes
8503 =item Modules and Pragmata
8507 =item New Modules and Pragmata
8509 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
8513 =item Utility Changes
8515 =item New Documentation
8517 =item Performance Enhancements
8519 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
8523 =item Generic Improvements
8525 =item New Or Improved Platforms
8529 =item Selected Bug Fixes
8533 =item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
8537 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
8539 =item Changed Internals
8541 =item Security Vulnerability Closed [561]
8545 =item Known Problems
8549 =item The Compiler Suite Is Still Very Experimental
8551 =item Localising Tied Arrays and Hashes Is Broken
8553 =item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
8555 =item Modifying $_ Inside for(..)
8557 =item mod_perl 1.26 Doesn't Build With Threaded Perl
8559 =item lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
8561 =item libwww-perl (LWP) fails base/date #51
8563 =item PDL failing some tests
8567 =item Self-tying Problems
8569 =item ext/threads/t/libc
8571 =item Failure of Thread (5.005-style) tests
8573 =item Timing problems
8575 =item Tied/Magical Array/Hash Elements Do Not Autovivify
8577 =item Unicode in package/class and subroutine names does not work
8581 =item Platform Specific Problems
8587 =item Alpha systems with old gccs fail several tests
8593 =item Cygwin "unable to remap"
8595 =item Cygwin ndbm tests fail on FAT
8597 =item DJGPP Failures
8599 =item FreeBSD built with ithreads coredumps reading large directories
8601 =item FreeBSD Failing locale Test 117 For ISO 8859-15 Locales
8603 =item IRIX fails ext/List/Util/t/shuffle.t or Digest::MD5
8605 =item HP-UX lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails When LP64-Configured
8607 =item Linux with glibc 2.2.5 fails t/op/int subtest #6 with -Duse64bitint
8609 =item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
8613 =item Mac OS X dyld undefined symbols
8615 =item OS/2 Test Failures
8617 =item op/sprintf tests 91, 129, and 130
8623 =item Solaris x86 Fails Tests With -Duse64bitint
8625 =item SUPER-UX (NEC SX)
8627 =item Term::ReadKey not working on Win32
8639 =item XML::Parser not working
8643 =item Unicode Support on EBCDIC Still Spotty
8645 =item Seen In Perl 5.7 But Gone Now
8649 =item Reporting Bugs
8657 =head2 perl573delta - what's new for perl v5.7.3
8665 =item Reporting Bugs
8673 =head2 perl572delta - what's new for perl v5.7.2
8679 =item Security Vulnerability Closed
8681 =item Incompatible Changes
8685 =item 64-bit platforms and malloc
8687 =item AIX Dynaloading
8689 =item Socket Extension Dynamic in VMS
8691 =item Different Definition of the Unicode Character Classes \p{In...}
8697 =item Core Enhancements
8699 =item Modules and Pragmata
8703 =item New Modules and Distributions
8705 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
8709 =item Utility Changes
8711 =item New Documentation
8713 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
8717 =item New Or Improved Platforms
8719 =item Generic Improvements
8723 =item Selected Bug Fixes
8727 =item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
8731 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
8733 =item Source Code Enhancements
8737 =item MAGIC constants
8739 =item Better commented code
8741 =item Regex pre-/post-compilation items matched up
8749 =item Known Problems
8755 =item Amiga Perl Invoking Mystery
8757 =item lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
8759 =item Cygwin intermittent failures of lib/Memoize/t/expire_file 11 and 12
8761 =item HP-UX lib/io_multihomed Fails When LP64-Configured
8763 =item HP-UX lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails When LP64-Configured
8765 =item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
8769 =item op/sprintf tests 129 and 130
8771 =item Failure of Thread tests
8781 =item Localising a Tied Variable Leaks Memory
8783 =item Self-tying of Arrays and Hashes Is Forbidden
8785 =item Variable Attributes are not Currently Usable for Tieing
8787 =item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
8789 =item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental
8791 =item The Long Double Support is Still Experimental
8795 =item Reporting Bugs
8803 =head2 perl571delta - what's new for perl v5.7.1
8809 =item Security Vulnerability Closed
8811 =item Incompatible Changes
8813 =item Core Enhancements
8817 =item AUTOLOAD Is Now Lvaluable
8819 =item PerlIO is Now The Default
8821 =item Signals Are Now Safe
8825 =item Modules and Pragmata
8831 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
8835 =item Performance Enhancements
8837 =item Utility Changes
8839 =item New Documentation
8855 =item README.solaris
8859 =item Porting/repository.pod
8863 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
8867 =item New Or Improved Platforms
8869 =item Generic Improvements
8871 d_cmsghdr, d_fcntl_can_lock, d_fsync, d_getitimer, d_getpagsz, d_msghdr_s,
8872 need_va_copy, d_readv, d_recvmsg, d_sendmsg, sig_size, d_sockatmark,
8873 d_strtoq, d_u32align, d_ualarm, d_usleep
8877 =item Selected Bug Fixes
8881 =item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
8885 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
8887 =item Changed Internals
8891 =item Known Problems
8895 =item AIX vac 5.0.0.0 May Produce Buggy Code For Perl
8897 =item lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
8899 =item lib/io_multihomed Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
8901 =item Test lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
8905 =item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
8907 =item sigaction test 13 in VMS
8909 =item sprintf tests 129 and 130
8911 =item Failure of Thread tests
8913 =item Localising a Tied Variable Leaks Memory
8915 =item Self-tying of Arrays and Hashes Is Forbidden
8917 =item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
8919 =item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental
8923 =item Reporting Bugs
8931 =head2 perl570delta - what's new for perl v5.7.0
8937 =item Security Vulnerability Closed
8939 =item Incompatible Changes
8941 =item Core Enhancements
8943 =item Modules and Pragmata
8949 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
8953 =item Utility Changes
8955 =item New Documentation
8957 =item Performance Enhancements
8959 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
8963 =item Generic Improvements
8967 =item Selected Bug Fixes
8971 =item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
8975 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
8977 =item Changed Internals
8979 =item Known Problems
8983 =item Unicode Support Still Far From Perfect
8985 =item EBCDIC Still A Lost Platform
8987 =item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
8989 =item ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
8991 =item Test lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
8993 =item Long Doubles Still Don't Work In Solaris
8995 =item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
8997 =item Storable tests fail in some platforms
8999 =item Threads Are Still Experimental
9001 =item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental
9005 =item Reporting Bugs
9013 =head2 perl561delta - what's new for perl v5.6.x
9019 =item Summary of changes between 5.6.0 and 5.6.1
9023 =item Security Issues
9025 =item Core bug fixes
9027 C<UNIVERSAL::isa()>, Memory leaks, Numeric conversions, qw(a\\b), caller(),
9028 Bugs in regular expressions, "slurp" mode, Autovivification of symbolic
9029 references to special variables, Lexical warnings, Spurious warnings and
9030 errors, glob(), Tainting, sort(), #line directives, Subroutine prototypes,
9031 map(), Debugger, PERL5OPT, chop(), Unicode support, 64-bit support,
9032 Compiler, Lvalue subroutines, IO::Socket, File::Find, xsubpp, C<no
9037 =item Configuration issues
9041 =item Bundled modules
9043 B::Concise, File::Temp, Pod::LaTeX, Pod::Text::Overstrike, CGI, CPAN,
9044 Class::Struct, DB_File, Devel::Peek, File::Find, Getopt::Long, IO::Poll,
9045 IPC::Open3, Math::BigFloat, Math::Complex, Net::Ping, Opcode, Pod::Parser,
9046 Pod::Text, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Tie::RefHash, Tie::SubstrHash
9048 =item Platform-specific improvements
9050 NCR MP-RAS, NonStop-UX
9054 =item Core Enhancements
9058 =item Interpreter cloning, threads, and concurrency
9060 =item Lexically scoped warning categories
9062 =item Unicode and UTF-8 support
9064 =item Support for interpolating named characters
9066 =item "our" declarations
9068 =item Support for strings represented as a vector of ordinals
9070 =item Improved Perl version numbering system
9072 =item New syntax for declaring subroutine attributes
9074 =item File and directory handles can be autovivified
9076 =item open() with more than two arguments
9078 =item 64-bit support
9080 =item Large file support
9086 =item Enhanced support for sort() subroutines
9088 =item C<sort $coderef @foo> allowed
9090 =item File globbing implemented internally
9092 =item Support for CHECK blocks
9094 =item POSIX character class syntax [: :] supported
9096 =item Better pseudo-random number generator
9098 =item Improved C<qw//> operator
9100 =item Better worst-case behavior of hashes
9102 =item pack() format 'Z' supported
9104 =item pack() format modifier '!' supported
9106 =item pack() and unpack() support counted strings
9108 =item Comments in pack() templates
9110 =item Weak references
9112 =item Binary numbers supported
9114 =item Lvalue subroutines
9116 =item Some arrows may be omitted in calls through references
9118 =item Boolean assignment operators are legal lvalues
9120 =item exists() is supported on subroutine names
9122 =item exists() and delete() are supported on array elements
9124 =item Pseudo-hashes work better
9126 =item Automatic flushing of output buffers
9128 =item Better diagnostics on meaningless filehandle operations
9130 =item Where possible, buffered data discarded from duped input filehandle
9132 =item eof() has the same old magic as <>
9134 =item binmode() can be used to set :crlf and :raw modes
9136 =item C<-T> filetest recognizes UTF-8 encoded files as "text"
9138 =item system(), backticks and pipe open now reflect exec() failure
9140 =item Improved diagnostics
9142 =item Diagnostics follow STDERR
9144 =item More consistent close-on-exec behavior
9146 =item syswrite() ease-of-use
9148 =item Better syntax checks on parenthesized unary operators
9150 =item Bit operators support full native integer width
9152 =item Improved security features
9154 =item More functional bareword prototype (*)
9156 =item C<require> and C<do> may be overridden
9158 =item $^X variables may now have names longer than one character
9160 =item New variable $^C reflects C<-c> switch
9162 =item New variable $^V contains Perl version as a string
9164 =item Optional Y2K warnings
9166 =item Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings
9168 =item @- and @+ provide starting/ending offsets of regex submatches
9172 =item Modules and Pragmata
9178 attributes, B, Benchmark, ByteLoader, constant, charnames, Data::Dumper,
9179 DB, DB_File, Devel::DProf, Devel::Peek, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, English,
9180 Env, Fcntl, File::Compare, File::Find, File::Glob, File::Spec,
9181 File::Spec::Functions, Getopt::Long, IO, JPL, lib, Math::BigInt,
9182 Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Pod::Parser, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Checker,
9183 podchecker, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Find, Pod::Select, podselect, Pod::Usage,
9184 pod2usage, Pod::Text and Pod::Man, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Sys::Hostname,
9185 Term::ANSIColor, Time::Local, Win32, XSLoader, DBM Filters
9191 =item Utility Changes
9205 =item The Perl Debugger
9209 =item Improved Documentation
9211 perlapi.pod, perlboot.pod, perlcompile.pod, perldbmfilter.pod,
9212 perldebug.pod, perldebguts.pod, perlfork.pod, perlfilter.pod, perlhack.pod,
9213 perlintern.pod, perllexwarn.pod, perlnumber.pod, perlopentut.pod,
9214 perlreftut.pod, perltootc.pod, perltodo.pod, perlunicode.pod
9216 =item Performance enhancements
9220 =item Simple sort() using { $a <=> $b } and the like are optimized
9222 =item Optimized assignments to lexical variables
9224 =item Faster subroutine calls
9226 =item delete(), each(), values() and hash iteration are faster
9230 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
9234 =item -Dusethreads means something different
9236 =item New Configure flags
9238 =item Threadedness and 64-bitness now more daring
9244 =item -Duselargefiles
9246 =item installusrbinperl
9252 =item Enhanced Installation Directories
9254 =item gcc automatically tried if 'cc' does not seem to be working
9258 =item Platform specific changes
9262 =item Supported platforms
9266 =item OS390 (OpenEdition MVS)
9274 =item Significant bug fixes
9278 =item <HANDLE> on empty files
9280 =item C<eval '...'> improvements
9282 =item All compilation errors are true errors
9284 =item Implicitly closed filehandles are safer
9286 =item Behavior of list slices is more consistent
9288 =item C<(\$)> prototype and C<$foo{a}>
9290 =item C<goto &sub> and AUTOLOAD
9292 =item C<-bareword> allowed under C<use integer>
9294 =item Failures in DESTROY()
9296 =item Locale bugs fixed
9300 =item Spurious subroutine stubs after failed subroutine calls
9302 =item Taint failures under C<-U>
9304 =item END blocks and the C<-c> switch
9306 =item Potential to leak DATA filehandles
9310 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
9312 "%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same %s, "my sub" not yet
9313 implemented, "our" variable %s redeclared, '!' allowed only after types %s,
9314 / cannot take a count, / must be followed by a, A or Z, / must be followed
9315 by a*, A* or Z*, / must follow a numeric type, /%s/: Unrecognized escape
9316 \\%c passed through, /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c in character class
9317 passed through, /%s/ should probably be written as "%s", %s() called too
9318 early to check prototype, %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element, %s
9319 argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or slice, %s argument is not a
9320 subroutine name, %s package attribute may clash with future reserved word:
9321 %s, (in cleanup) %s, <> should be quotes, Attempt to join self, Bad evalled
9322 substitution pattern, Bad realloc() ignored, Bareword found in conditional,
9323 Binary number > 0b11111111111111111111111111111111 non-portable, Bit vector
9324 size > 32 non-portable, Buffer overflow in prime_env_iter: %s, Can't check
9325 filesystem of script "%s", Can't declare class for non-scalar %s in "%s",
9326 Can't declare %s in "%s", Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default,
9327 Can't modify non-lvalue subroutine call, Can't read CRTL environ, Can't
9328 remove %s: %s, skipping file, Can't return %s from lvalue subroutine, Can't
9329 weaken a nonreference, Character class [:%s:] unknown, Character class
9330 syntax [%s] belongs inside character classes, Constant is not %s reference,
9331 constant(%s): %s, CORE::%s is not a keyword, defined(@array) is deprecated,
9332 defined(%hash) is deprecated, Did not produce a valid header, (Did you mean
9333 "local" instead of "our"?), Document contains no data, entering effective
9334 %s failed, false [] range "%s" in regexp, Filehandle %s opened only for
9335 output, flock() on closed filehandle %s, Global symbol "%s" requires
9336 explicit package name, Hexadecimal number > 0xffffffff non-portable,
9337 Ill-formed CRTL environ value "%s", Ill-formed message in prime_env_iter:
9338 |%s|, Illegal binary digit %s, Illegal binary digit %s ignored, Illegal
9339 number of bits in vec, Integer overflow in %s number, Invalid %s attribute:
9340 %s, Invalid %s attributes: %s, invalid [] range "%s" in regexp, Invalid
9341 separator character %s in attribute list, Invalid separator character %s in
9342 subroutine attribute list, leaving effective %s failed, Lvalue subs
9343 returning %s not implemented yet, Method %s not permitted, Missing
9344 %sbrace%s on \N{}, Missing command in piped open, Missing name in "my sub",
9345 No %s specified for -%c, No package name allowed for variable %s in "our",
9346 No space allowed after -%c, no UTC offset information; assuming local time
9347 is UTC, Octal number > 037777777777 non-portable, panic: del_backref,
9348 panic: kid popen errno read, panic: magic_killbackrefs, Parentheses missing
9349 around "%s" list, Possible unintended interpolation of %s in string,
9350 Possible Y2K bug: %s, pragma "attrs" is deprecated, use "sub NAME : ATTRS"
9351 instead, Premature end of script headers, Repeat count in pack overflows,
9352 Repeat count in unpack overflows, realloc() of freed memory ignored,
9353 Reference is already weak, setpgrp can't take arguments, Strange *+?{} on
9354 zero-length expression, switching effective %s is not implemented, This
9355 Perl can't reset CRTL environ elements (%s), This Perl can't set CRTL
9356 environ elements (%s=%s), Too late to run %s block, Unknown open() mode
9357 '%s', Unknown process %x sent message to prime_env_iter: %s, Unrecognized
9358 escape \\%c passed through, Unterminated attribute parameter in attribute
9359 list, Unterminated attribute list, Unterminated attribute parameter in
9360 subroutine attribute list, Unterminated subroutine attribute list, Value of
9361 CLI symbol "%s" too long, Version number must be a constant number
9365 =item Incompatible Changes
9369 =item Perl Source Incompatibilities
9371 CHECK is a new keyword, Treatment of list slices of undef has changed,
9372 Format of $English::PERL_VERSION is different, Literals of the form
9373 C<1.2.3> parse differently, Possibly changed pseudo-random number
9374 generator, Hashing function for hash keys has changed, C<undef> fails on
9375 read only values, Close-on-exec bit may be set on pipe and socket handles,
9376 Writing C<"$$1"> to mean C<"${$}1"> is unsupported, delete(), each(),
9377 values() and C<\(%h)>, vec(EXPR,OFFSET,BITS) enforces powers-of-two BITS,
9378 Text of some diagnostic output has changed, C<%@> has been removed,
9379 Parenthesized not() behaves like a list operator, Semantics of bareword
9380 prototype C<(*)> have changed, Semantics of bit operators may have changed
9381 on 64-bit platforms, More builtins taint their results
9383 =item C Source Incompatibilities
9385 C<PERL_POLLUTE>, C<PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT>, C<PERL_POLLUTE_MALLOC>
9387 =item Compatible C Source API Changes
9389 C<PATCHLEVEL> is now C<PERL_VERSION>
9391 =item Binary Incompatibilities
9395 =item Known Problems
9399 =item Localizing a tied hash element may leak memory
9401 =item Known test failures
9403 =item EBCDIC platforms not fully supported
9405 =item UNICOS/mk CC failures during Configure run
9407 =item Arrow operator and arrays
9409 =item Experimental features
9411 Threads, Unicode, 64-bit support, Lvalue subroutines, Weak references, The
9412 pseudo-hash data type, The Compiler suite, Internal implementation of file
9413 globbing, The DB module, The regular expression code constructs:
9417 =item Obsolete Diagnostics
9419 Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Ill-formed
9420 logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter, In string, @%s now must be written as
9421 \@%s, Probable precedence problem on %s, regexp too big, Use of "$$<digit>"
9422 to mean "${$}<digit>" is deprecated
9424 =item Reporting Bugs
9432 =head2 perl56delta - what's new for perl v5.6.0
9438 =item Core Enhancements
9442 =item Interpreter cloning, threads, and concurrency
9444 =item Lexically scoped warning categories
9446 =item Unicode and UTF-8 support
9448 =item Support for interpolating named characters
9450 =item "our" declarations
9452 =item Support for strings represented as a vector of ordinals
9454 =item Improved Perl version numbering system
9456 =item New syntax for declaring subroutine attributes
9458 =item File and directory handles can be autovivified
9460 =item open() with more than two arguments
9462 =item 64-bit support
9464 =item Large file support
9470 =item Enhanced support for sort() subroutines
9472 =item C<sort $coderef @foo> allowed
9474 =item File globbing implemented internally
9476 =item Support for CHECK blocks
9478 =item POSIX character class syntax [: :] supported
9480 =item Better pseudo-random number generator
9482 =item Improved C<qw//> operator
9484 =item Better worst-case behavior of hashes
9486 =item pack() format 'Z' supported
9488 =item pack() format modifier '!' supported
9490 =item pack() and unpack() support counted strings
9492 =item Comments in pack() templates
9494 =item Weak references
9496 =item Binary numbers supported
9498 =item Lvalue subroutines
9500 =item Some arrows may be omitted in calls through references
9502 =item Boolean assignment operators are legal lvalues
9504 =item exists() is supported on subroutine names
9506 =item exists() and delete() are supported on array elements
9508 =item Pseudo-hashes work better
9510 =item Automatic flushing of output buffers
9512 =item Better diagnostics on meaningless filehandle operations
9514 =item Where possible, buffered data discarded from duped input filehandle
9516 =item eof() has the same old magic as <>
9518 =item binmode() can be used to set :crlf and :raw modes
9520 =item C<-T> filetest recognizes UTF-8 encoded files as "text"
9522 =item system(), backticks and pipe open now reflect exec() failure
9524 =item Improved diagnostics
9526 =item Diagnostics follow STDERR
9528 =item More consistent close-on-exec behavior
9530 =item syswrite() ease-of-use
9532 =item Better syntax checks on parenthesized unary operators
9534 =item Bit operators support full native integer width
9536 =item Improved security features
9538 =item More functional bareword prototype (*)
9540 =item C<require> and C<do> may be overridden
9542 =item $^X variables may now have names longer than one character
9544 =item New variable $^C reflects C<-c> switch
9546 =item New variable $^V contains Perl version as a string
9548 =item Optional Y2K warnings
9550 =item Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings
9552 =item @- and @+ provide starting/ending offsets of regex matches
9556 =item Modules and Pragmata
9562 attributes, B, Benchmark, ByteLoader, constant, charnames, Data::Dumper,
9563 DB, DB_File, Devel::DProf, Devel::Peek, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, English,
9564 Env, Fcntl, File::Compare, File::Find, File::Glob, File::Spec,
9565 File::Spec::Functions, Getopt::Long, IO, JPL, lib, Math::BigInt,
9566 Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Pod::Parser, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Checker,
9567 podchecker, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Find, Pod::Select, podselect, Pod::Usage,
9568 pod2usage, Pod::Text and Pod::Man, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Sys::Hostname,
9569 Term::ANSIColor, Time::Local, Win32, XSLoader, DBM Filters
9575 =item Utility Changes
9589 =item The Perl Debugger
9593 =item Improved Documentation
9595 perlapi.pod, perlboot.pod, perlcompile.pod, perldbmfilter.pod,
9596 perldebug.pod, perldebguts.pod, perlfork.pod, perlfilter.pod, perlhack.pod,
9597 perlintern.pod, perllexwarn.pod, perlnumber.pod, perlopentut.pod,
9598 perlreftut.pod, perltootc.pod, perltodo.pod, perlunicode.pod
9600 =item Performance enhancements
9604 =item Simple sort() using { $a <=> $b } and the like are optimized
9606 =item Optimized assignments to lexical variables
9608 =item Faster subroutine calls
9610 =item delete(), each(), values() and hash iteration are faster
9614 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
9618 =item -Dusethreads means something different
9620 =item New Configure flags
9622 =item Threadedness and 64-bitness now more daring
9628 =item -Duselargefiles
9630 =item installusrbinperl
9636 =item Enhanced Installation Directories
9640 =item Platform specific changes
9644 =item Supported platforms
9648 =item OS390 (OpenEdition MVS)
9656 =item Significant bug fixes
9660 =item <HANDLE> on empty files
9662 =item C<eval '...'> improvements
9664 =item All compilation errors are true errors
9666 =item Implicitly closed filehandles are safer
9668 =item Behavior of list slices is more consistent
9670 =item C<(\$)> prototype and C<$foo{a}>
9672 =item C<goto &sub> and AUTOLOAD
9674 =item C<-bareword> allowed under C<use integer>
9676 =item Failures in DESTROY()
9678 =item Locale bugs fixed
9682 =item Spurious subroutine stubs after failed subroutine calls
9684 =item Taint failures under C<-U>
9686 =item END blocks and the C<-c> switch
9688 =item Potential to leak DATA filehandles
9692 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
9694 "%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same %s, "my sub" not yet
9695 implemented, "our" variable %s redeclared, '!' allowed only after types %s,
9696 / cannot take a count, / must be followed by a, A or Z, / must be followed
9697 by a*, A* or Z*, / must follow a numeric type, /%s/: Unrecognized escape
9698 \\%c passed through, /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c in character class
9699 passed through, /%s/ should probably be written as "%s", %s() called too
9700 early to check prototype, %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element, %s
9701 argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or slice, %s argument is not a
9702 subroutine name, %s package attribute may clash with future reserved word:
9703 %s, (in cleanup) %s, <> should be quotes, Attempt to join self, Bad evalled
9704 substitution pattern, Bad realloc() ignored, Bareword found in conditional,
9705 Binary number > 0b11111111111111111111111111111111 non-portable, Bit vector
9706 size > 32 non-portable, Buffer overflow in prime_env_iter: %s, Can't check
9707 filesystem of script "%s", Can't declare class for non-scalar %s in "%s",
9708 Can't declare %s in "%s", Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default,
9709 Can't modify non-lvalue subroutine call, Can't read CRTL environ, Can't
9710 remove %s: %s, skipping file, Can't return %s from lvalue subroutine, Can't
9711 weaken a nonreference, Character class [:%s:] unknown, Character class
9712 syntax [%s] belongs inside character classes, Constant is not %s reference,
9713 constant(%s): %s, CORE::%s is not a keyword, defined(@array) is deprecated,
9714 defined(%hash) is deprecated, Did not produce a valid header, (Did you mean
9715 "local" instead of "our"?), Document contains no data, entering effective
9716 %s failed, false [] range "%s" in regexp, Filehandle %s opened only for
9717 output, flock() on closed filehandle %s, Global symbol "%s" requires
9718 explicit package name, Hexadecimal number > 0xffffffff non-portable,
9719 Ill-formed CRTL environ value "%s", Ill-formed message in prime_env_iter:
9720 |%s|, Illegal binary digit %s, Illegal binary digit %s ignored, Illegal
9721 number of bits in vec, Integer overflow in %s number, Invalid %s attribute:
9722 %s, Invalid %s attributes: %s, invalid [] range "%s" in regexp, Invalid
9723 separator character %s in attribute list, Invalid separator character %s in
9724 subroutine attribute list, leaving effective %s failed, Lvalue subs
9725 returning %s not implemented yet, Method %s not permitted, Missing
9726 %sbrace%s on \N{}, Missing command in piped open, Missing name in "my sub",
9727 No %s specified for -%c, No package name allowed for variable %s in "our",
9728 No space allowed after -%c, no UTC offset information; assuming local time
9729 is UTC, Octal number > 037777777777 non-portable, panic: del_backref,
9730 panic: kid popen errno read, panic: magic_killbackrefs, Parentheses missing
9731 around "%s" list, Possible unintended interpolation of %s in string,
9732 Possible Y2K bug: %s, pragma "attrs" is deprecated, use "sub NAME : ATTRS"
9733 instead, Premature end of script headers, Repeat count in pack overflows,
9734 Repeat count in unpack overflows, realloc() of freed memory ignored,
9735 Reference is already weak, setpgrp can't take arguments, Strange *+?{} on
9736 zero-length expression, switching effective %s is not implemented, This
9737 Perl can't reset CRTL environ elements (%s), This Perl can't set CRTL
9738 environ elements (%s=%s), Too late to run %s block, Unknown open() mode
9739 '%s', Unknown process %x sent message to prime_env_iter: %s, Unrecognized
9740 escape \\%c passed through, Unterminated attribute parameter in attribute
9741 list, Unterminated attribute list, Unterminated attribute parameter in
9742 subroutine attribute list, Unterminated subroutine attribute list, Value of
9743 CLI symbol "%s" too long, Version number must be a constant number
9747 =item Incompatible Changes
9751 =item Perl Source Incompatibilities
9753 CHECK is a new keyword, Treatment of list slices of undef has changed,
9754 Format of $English::PERL_VERSION is different, Literals of the form
9755 C<1.2.3> parse differently, Possibly changed pseudo-random number
9756 generator, Hashing function for hash keys has changed, C<undef> fails on
9757 read only values, Close-on-exec bit may be set on pipe and socket handles,
9758 Writing C<"$$1"> to mean C<"${$}1"> is unsupported, delete(), each(),
9759 values() and C<\(%h)>, vec(EXPR,OFFSET,BITS) enforces powers-of-two BITS,
9760 Text of some diagnostic output has changed, C<%@> has been removed,
9761 Parenthesized not() behaves like a list operator, Semantics of bareword
9762 prototype C<(*)> have changed, Semantics of bit operators may have changed
9763 on 64-bit platforms, More builtins taint their results
9765 =item C Source Incompatibilities
9767 C<PERL_POLLUTE>, C<PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT>, C<PERL_POLLUTE_MALLOC>
9769 =item Compatible C Source API Changes
9771 C<PATCHLEVEL> is now C<PERL_VERSION>
9773 =item Binary Incompatibilities
9777 =item Known Problems
9781 =item Thread test failures
9783 =item EBCDIC platforms not supported
9785 =item In 64-bit HP-UX the lib/io_multihomed test may hang
9787 =item NEXTSTEP 3.3 POSIX test failure
9789 =item Tru64 (aka Digital UNIX, aka DEC OSF/1) lib/sdbm test failure with
9792 =item UNICOS/mk CC failures during Configure run
9794 =item Arrow operator and arrays
9796 =item Experimental features
9798 Threads, Unicode, 64-bit support, Lvalue subroutines, Weak references, The
9799 pseudo-hash data type, The Compiler suite, Internal implementation of file
9800 globbing, The DB module, The regular expression code constructs:
9804 =item Obsolete Diagnostics
9806 Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Ill-formed
9807 logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter, In string, @%s now must be written as
9808 \@%s, Probable precedence problem on %s, regexp too big, Use of "$$<digit>"
9809 to mean "${$}<digit>" is deprecated
9811 =item Reporting Bugs
9819 =head2 perl5005delta - what's new for perl5.005
9825 =item About the new versioning system
9827 =item Incompatible Changes
9831 =item WARNING: This version is not binary compatible with Perl 5.004.
9833 =item Default installation structure has changed
9835 =item Perl Source Compatibility
9837 =item C Source Compatibility
9839 =item Binary Compatibility
9841 =item Security fixes may affect compatibility
9843 =item Relaxed new mandatory warnings introduced in 5.004
9857 =item Regular Expressions
9859 Many new and improved optimizations, Many bug fixes, New regular expression
9860 constructs, New operator for precompiled regular expressions, Other
9861 improvements, Incompatible changes
9863 =item Improved malloc()
9865 =item Quicksort is internally implemented
9867 =item Reliable signals
9869 =item Reliable stack pointers
9871 =item More generous treatment of carriage returns
9875 =item Better support for multiple interpreters
9877 =item Behavior of local() on array and hash elements is now well-defined
9879 =item C<%!> is transparently tied to the L<Errno> module
9881 =item Pseudo-hashes are supported
9883 =item C<EXPR foreach EXPR> is supported
9885 =item Keywords can be globally overridden
9887 =item C<$^E> is meaningful on Win32
9889 =item C<foreach (1..1000000)> optimized
9891 =item C<Foo::> can be used as implicitly quoted package name
9893 =item C<exists $Foo::{Bar::}> tests existence of a package
9895 =item Better locale support
9897 =item Experimental support for 64-bit platforms
9899 =item prototype() returns useful results on builtins
9901 =item Extended support for exception handling
9903 =item Re-blessing in DESTROY() supported for chaining DESTROY() methods
9905 =item All C<printf> format conversions are handled internally
9907 =item New C<INIT> keyword
9909 =item New C<lock> keyword
9911 =item New C<qr//> operator
9913 =item C<our> is now a reserved word
9915 =item Tied arrays are now fully supported
9917 =item Tied handles support is better
9919 =item 4th argument to substr
9921 =item Negative LENGTH argument to splice
9923 =item Magic lvalues are now more magical
9925 =item <> now reads in records
9929 =item Supported Platforms
9935 =item Changes in existing support
9939 =item Modules and Pragmata
9945 B, Data::Dumper, Dumpvalue, Errno, File::Spec, ExtUtils::Installed,
9946 ExtUtils::Packlist, Fatal, IPC::SysV, Test, Tie::Array, Tie::Handle,
9947 Thread, attrs, fields, re
9949 =item Changes in existing modules
9951 Benchmark, Carp, CGI, Fcntl, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, POSIX, DB_File,
9952 MakeMaker, CPAN, Cwd
9956 =item Utility Changes
9958 =item Documentation Changes
9960 =item New Diagnostics
9962 Ambiguous call resolved as CORE::%s(), qualify as such or use &, Bad index
9963 while coercing array into hash, Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent
9964 package, Can't call method "%s" on an undefined value, Can't check
9965 filesystem of script "%s" for nosuid, Can't coerce array into hash, Can't
9966 goto subroutine from an eval-string, Can't localize pseudo-hash element,
9967 Can't use %%! because Errno.pm is not available, Cannot find an opnumber
9968 for "%s", Character class syntax [. .] is reserved for future extensions,
9969 Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Character
9970 class syntax [= =] is reserved for future extensions, %s: Eval-group in
9971 insecure regular expression, %s: Eval-group not allowed, use re 'eval', %s:
9972 Eval-group not allowed at run time, Explicit blessing to '' (assuming
9973 package main), Illegal hex digit ignored, No such array field, No such
9974 field "%s" in variable %s of type %s, Out of memory during ridiculously
9975 large request, Range iterator outside integer range, Recursive inheritance
9976 detected while looking for method '%s' %s, Reference found where even-sized
9977 list expected, Undefined value assigned to typeglob, Use of reserved word
9978 "%s" is deprecated, perl: warning: Setting locale failed
9980 =item Obsolete Diagnostics
9982 Can't mktemp(), Can't write to temp file for B<-e>: %s, Cannot open
9983 temporary file, regexp too big
9985 =item Configuration Changes
9995 =head2 perl5004delta - what's new for perl5.004
10001 =item Supported Environments
10007 =item List assignment to %ENV works
10009 =item Change to "Can't locate Foo.pm in @INC" error
10011 =item Compilation option: Binary compatibility with 5.003
10013 =item $PERL5OPT environment variable
10015 =item Limitations on B<-M>, B<-m>, and B<-T> options
10017 =item More precise warnings
10019 =item Deprecated: Inherited C<AUTOLOAD> for non-methods
10021 =item Previously deprecated %OVERLOAD is no longer usable
10023 =item Subroutine arguments created only when they're modified
10025 =item Group vector changeable with C<$)>
10027 =item Fixed parsing of $$<digit>, &$<digit>, etc.
10029 =item Fixed localization of $<digit>, $&, etc.
10031 =item No resetting of $. on implicit close
10033 =item C<wantarray> may return undef
10035 =item C<eval EXPR> determines value of EXPR in scalar context
10037 =item Changes to tainting checks
10039 No glob() or <*>, No spawning if tainted $CDPATH, $ENV, $BASH_ENV, No
10040 spawning if tainted $TERM doesn't look like a terminal name
10042 =item New Opcode module and revised Safe module
10044 =item Embedding improvements
10046 =item Internal change: FileHandle class based on IO::* classes
10048 =item Internal change: PerlIO abstraction interface
10050 =item New and changed syntax
10054 =item New and changed builtin constants
10058 =item New and changed builtin variables
10062 =item New and changed builtin functions
10064 delete on slices, flock, printf and sprintf, keys as an lvalue, my() in
10065 Control Structures, pack() and unpack(), sysseek(), use VERSION, use Module
10066 VERSION LIST, prototype(FUNCTION), srand, $_ as Default, C<m//gc> does not
10067 reset search position on failure, C<m//x> ignores whitespace before ?*+{},
10068 nested C<sub{}> closures work now, formats work right on changing lexicals
10070 =item New builtin methods
10072 isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] )
10074 =item TIEHANDLE now supported
10076 TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this, LIST, READ this
10077 LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, DESTROY this
10079 =item Malloc enhancements
10081 -DPERL_EMERGENCY_SBRK, -DPACK_MALLOC, -DTWO_POT_OPTIMIZE
10083 =item Miscellaneous efficiency enhancements
10087 =item Support for More Operating Systems
10103 use autouse MODULE => qw(sub1 sub2 sub3), use blib, use blib 'dir', use
10104 constant NAME => VALUE, use locale, use ops, use vmsish
10110 =item Required Updates
10112 =item Installation directories
10114 =item Module information summary
10120 =item Math::Complex
10128 =item Object-oriented overrides for builtin operators
10132 =item Utility Changes
10138 Sends converted HTML to standard output
10142 C<void> XSUBs now default to returning nothing
10146 =item C Language API Changes
10148 C<gv_fetchmethod> and C<perl_call_sv>, C<perl_eval_pv>, Extended API for
10149 manipulating hashes
10151 =item Documentation Changes
10153 L<perldelta>, L<perlfaq>, L<perllocale>, L<perltoot>, L<perlapio>,
10154 L<perlmodlib>, L<perldebug>, L<perlsec>
10156 =item New Diagnostics
10158 "my" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same scope, %s argument is
10159 not a HASH element or slice, Allocation too large: %lx, Allocation too
10160 large, Applying %s to %s will act on scalar(%s), Attempt to free
10161 nonexistent shared string, Attempt to use reference as lvalue in substr,
10162 Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent package, Can't redefine active sort
10163 subroutine %s, Can't use bareword ("%s") as %s ref while "strict refs" in
10164 use, Cannot resolve method `%s' overloading `%s' in package `%s', Constant
10165 subroutine %s redefined, Constant subroutine %s undefined, Copy method did
10166 not return a reference, Died, Exiting pseudo-block via %s, Identifier too
10167 long, Illegal character %s (carriage return), Illegal switch in PERL5OPT:
10168 %s, Integer overflow in hex number, Integer overflow in octal number,
10169 internal error: glob failed, Invalid conversion in %s: "%s", Invalid type
10170 in pack: '%s', Invalid type in unpack: '%s', Name "%s::%s" used only once:
10171 possible typo, Null picture in formline, Offset outside string, Out of
10172 memory!, Out of memory during request for %s, panic: frexp, Possible
10173 attempt to put comments in qw() list, Possible attempt to separate words
10174 with commas, Scalar value @%s{%s} better written as $%s{%s}, Stub found
10175 while resolving method `%s' overloading `%s' in %s, Too late for "B<-T>"
10176 option, untie attempted while %d inner references still exist, Unrecognized
10177 character %s, Unsupported function fork, Use of "$$<digit>" to mean
10178 "${$}<digit>" is deprecated, Value of %s can be "0"; test with defined(),
10179 Variable "%s" may be unavailable, Variable "%s" will not stay shared,
10180 Warning: something's wrong, Ill-formed logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter,
10181 Got an error from DosAllocMem, Malformed PERLLIB_PREFIX, PERL_SH_DIR too
10182 long, Process terminated by SIG%s
10192 =head2 perlartistic - the Perl Artistic License
10200 =item The "Artistic License"
10208 "Package", "Standard Version", "Copyright Holder", "You", "Reasonable
10209 copying fee", "Freely Available"
10213 a), b), c), d), a), b), c), d)
10219 =head2 perlgpl - the GNU General Public License, version 2
10231 =item GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
10235 =head2 perlaix, README.aix - Perl version 5 on IBM Unix (AIX) systems
10243 =item Compiling Perl 5 on AIX
10247 =item Building Dynamic Extensions on AIX
10249 =item The IBM ANSI C Compiler
10251 =item The usenm option
10253 =item Using GNU's gcc for building perl
10255 =item Using Large Files with Perl
10257 =item Threaded Perl
10261 =item AIX 4.2 and extensions using C++ with statics
10271 =head2 perlamiga - Perl under Amiga OS
10287 =item Prerequisites for Compiling Perl on AmigaOS
10289 B<Unix emulation for AmigaOS: ixemul.library>, B<Version of Amiga OS>
10291 =item Starting Perl programs under AmigaOS
10293 =item Shortcomings of Perl under AmigaOS
10299 =item Accessing documentation
10303 =item Manpages for Perl on AmigaOS
10305 =item Perl HTML Documentation on AmigaOS
10307 =item Perl GNU Info Files on AmigaOS
10309 =item Perl LaTeX Documentation on AmigaOS
10313 =item BUILDING PERL ON AMIGAOS
10317 =item Build Prerequisites for Perl on AmigaOS
10319 =item Getting the Perl Source for AmigaOS
10321 =item Making Perl on AmigaOS
10323 =item Testing Perl on AmigaOS
10325 =item Installing the built Perl on AmigaOS
10329 =item PERL 5.8.0 BROKEN IN AMIGAOS
10337 =head2 perlapollo, README.apollo - Perl version 5 on Apollo DomainOS
10347 =head2 perlbeos, README.beos - Perl version 5.8+ on BeOS
10353 =item BUILD AND INSTALL
10367 =item KNOWN PROBLEMS
10373 =head2 perlbs2000, README.BS2000 - building and installing Perl for BS2000.
10383 =item gzip on BS2000
10385 =item bison on BS2000
10387 =item Unpacking Perl Distribution on BS2000
10389 =item Compiling Perl on BS2000
10391 =item Testing Perl on BS2000
10393 =item Installing Perl on BS2000
10395 =item Using Perl in the Posix-Shell of BS2000
10397 =item Using Perl in "native" BS2000
10399 =item Floating point anomalies on BS2000
10401 =item Using PerlIO and different encodings on ASCII and EBCDIC partitions
10419 =head2 perlce - Perl for WinCE
10423 =item Building Perl for WinCE
10429 =item General explanations on cross-compiling WinCE
10433 Microsoft Embedded Visual Tools, Microsoft Visual C++, Rainer Keuchel's
10434 celib-sources, Rainer Keuchel's console-sources, go to C<./win32>
10435 subdirectory, edit file C<./win32/ce-helpers/compile.bat>, run
10436 compile.bat, run compile.bat dist
10440 =item Using Perl on WinCE
10450 PERL5LIB, PATH, TMP, UNIXROOTPATH, ROWS/COLS, HOME, CONSOLEFONTSIZE
10462 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
10464 =item History of WinCE port
10468 Rainer Keuchel <coyxc@rainer-keuchel.de>, Vadim Konovalov
10472 =head2 perlcygwin, README.cygwin - Perl for Cygwin
10478 =item PREREQUISITES FOR COMPILING PERL ON CYGWIN
10482 =item Cygwin = GNU+Cygnus+Windows (Don't leave UNIX without it)
10484 =item Cygwin Configuration
10486 C<PATH>, I<nroff>, Permissions
10490 =item CONFIGURE PERL ON CYGWIN
10494 =item Stripping Perl Binaries on Cygwin
10496 =item Optional Libraries for Perl on Cygwin
10498 C<-lcrypt>, C<-lgdbm_compat> (C<use GDBM_File>), C<-ldb> (C<use DB_File>),
10499 C<cygserver> (C<use IPC::SysV>), C<-lutil>
10501 =item Configure-time Options for Perl on Cygwin
10503 C<-Uusedl>, C<-Uusemymalloc>, C<-Uuseperlio>, C<-Dusemultiplicity>,
10504 C<-Duse64bitint>, C<-Duselongdouble>, C<-Dusethreads>, C<-Duselargefiles>,
10507 =item Suspicious Warnings on Cygwin
10509 Win9x and C<d_eofnblk>, Compiler/Preprocessor defines
10513 =item MAKE ON CYGWIN
10515 =item TEST ON CYGWIN
10519 =item File Permissions on Cygwin
10521 =item NDBM_File and ODBM_File do not work on FAT filesystems
10523 =item C<fork()> failures in io_* tests
10527 =item Specific features of the Cygwin port
10531 =item Script Portability on Cygwin
10533 Pathnames, Text/Binary, PerlIO, F<.exe>, Cygwin vs. Windows process ids,
10534 Cygwin vs. Windows errors, C<chown()>, Miscellaneous
10536 =item Prebuilt methods:
10538 C<Cwd::cwd>, C<Cygwin::pid_to_winpid>, C<Cygwin::winpid_to_pid>,
10539 C<Cygwin::win_to_posix_path>, C<Cygwin::posix_to_win_path>,
10540 C<Cygwin::mount_table()>, C<Cygwin::mount_flags>, C<Cygwin::is_binmount>
10544 =item INSTALL PERL ON CYGWIN
10546 =item MANIFEST ON CYGWIN
10548 Documentation, Build, Configure, Make, Install, Tests, Compiled Perl
10549 Source, Compiled Module Source, Perl Modules/Scripts, Perl Module Tests
10551 =item BUGS ON CYGWIN
10559 =head2 perldgux - Perl under DG/UX.
10571 =item BUILDING PERL ON DG/UX
10575 =item Non-threaded Perl on DG/UX
10577 =item Threaded Perl on DG/UX
10579 =item Testing Perl on DG/UX
10581 =item Installing the built perl on DG/UX
10591 =head2 perldos - Perl under DOS, W31, W95.
10601 =item Prerequisites for Compiling Perl on DOS
10605 =item Shortcomings of Perl under DOS
10607 =item Building Perl on DOS
10609 =item Testing Perl on DOS
10611 =item Installation of Perl on DOS
10615 =item BUILDING AND INSTALLING MODULES ON DOS
10619 =item Building Prerequisites for Perl on DOS
10621 =item Unpacking CPAN Modules on DOS
10623 =item Building Non-XS Modules on DOS
10625 =item Building XS Modules on DOS
10635 =head2 perlepoc, README.epoc - Perl for EPOC
10643 =item INSTALLING PERL ON EPOC
10645 =item STARTING PERL ON EPOC
10649 =item Editors on Epoc
10651 =item Features of Perl on Epoc
10653 =item Restrictions of Perl on Epoc
10655 =item Compiling Perl 5 on the EPOC cross compiling environment
10659 =item SUPPORT STATUS OF PERL ON EPOC
10667 =head2 perlfreebsd, README.freebsd - Perl version 5 on FreeBSD systems
10675 =item FreeBSD core dumps from readdir_r with ithreads
10677 =item $^X doesn't always contain a full path in FreeBSD
10679 =item Perl will no longer be part of "base FreeBSD"
10687 =head2 perlhpux, README.hpux - Perl version 5 on Hewlett-Packard Unix
10696 =item Using perl as shipped with HP-UX
10698 =item Using perl from HP's porting centre
10700 =item Compiling Perl 5 on HP-UX
10704 =item Portability Between PA-RISC Versions
10712 =item Itanium Processor Family (IPF) and HP-UX
10714 =item Itanium, Itanium 2 & Madison 6
10716 =item Building Dynamic Extensions on HP-UX
10718 =item The HP ANSI C Compiler
10720 =item The GNU C Compiler
10722 =item Using Large Files with Perl on HP-UX
10724 =item Threaded Perl on HP-UX
10726 =item 64-bit Perl on HP-UX
10728 =item Oracle on HP-UX
10730 =item GDBM and Threads on HP-UX
10732 =item NFS filesystems and utime(2) on HP-UX
10734 =item perl -P and // and HP-UX
10736 =item HP-UX Kernel Parameters (maxdsiz) for Compiling Perl
10740 =item nss_delete core dump from op/pwent or op/grent
10742 =item Miscellaneous
10750 =head2 perlhurd, README.hurd - Perl version 5 on Hurd
10758 =item Known Problems with Perl on Hurd
10766 =head2 perlirix, README.irix - Perl version 5 on Irix systems
10774 =item Building 32-bit Perl in Irix
10776 =item Building 64-bit Perl in Irix
10778 =item About Compiler Versions of Irix
10780 =item Linker Problems in Irix
10782 =item Malloc in Irix
10784 =item Building with threads in Irix
10794 =head2 perllinux, README.linux - Perl version 5 on Linux systems
10802 =item Experimental Support for Sun Studio Compilers for Linux OS
10810 =head2 perlmachten, README.machten - Perl version 5 on Power MachTen
10819 =item Perl version 5.8.x and greater not supported
10821 =item Compiling Perl 5.6.x on MachTen
10823 =item Failures during C<make test> on MachTen
10825 op/lexassign.t, pragma/warnings.t
10827 =item Building external modules on MachTen
10837 =head2 perlmacos, README.macos - Perl under Mac OS (Classic)
10851 =head2 perlmacosx, README.macosx - Perl under Mac OS X
10861 =item Installation Prefix
10865 =item Universal Binary support
10867 =item 64-bit PPC support
10869 =item libperl and Prebinding
10871 =item Updating Apple's Perl
10873 =item Known problems
10883 =item Starting From Scratch
10891 =head2 perlmint, README.mint - Perl version 5 on Atari MiNT
10897 =item Known problems with Perl on MiNT
10903 =head2 perlmpeix, README.mpeix - Perl/iX for HP e3000 MPE
10911 =item Binary distribution from HP
10913 =item What's New in Perl for MPE/iX
10915 =item Welcome to Perl/iX
10917 =item System Requirements for Perl/iX
10919 =item How to Obtain Perl/iX
10921 =item Perl/iX Distribution Contents Highlights
10923 README, INSTALL, LIBSHP3K, PERL, .cpan/, lib/, man/,
10924 public_html/feedback.cgi, src/perl-5.6.0-mpe
10926 =item How to Compile Perl/iX
10930 =item Getting Started with Perl/iX
10932 =item MPE/iX Implementation Considerations
10934 =item Known Perl/iX Bugs Under Investigation
10936 =item Perl/iX To-Do List
10938 =item Perl/iX Change History
10944 =head2 perlnetware - Perl for NetWare
10958 SetNWBld.bat, Buildtype.bat
10970 =item BUILD NEW EXTENSIONS
10972 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
10980 =head2 perlopenbsd, README.openbsd - Perl version 5 on OpenBSD systems
10988 =item OpenBSD core dumps from getprotobyname_r and getservbyname_r with
10997 =head2 perlos2 - Perl under OS/2, DOS, Win0.3*, Win0.95 and WinNT.
11015 =item Prerequisites
11017 EMX, RSX, HPFS, pdksh
11019 =item Starting Perl programs under OS/2 (and DOS and...)
11021 =item Starting OS/2 (and DOS) programs under Perl
11025 =item Frequently asked questions
11029 =item "It does not work"
11031 =item I cannot run external programs
11033 =item I cannot embed perl into my program, or use F<perl.dll> from my
11036 Is your program EMX-compiled with C<-Zmt -Zcrtdll>?, Did you use
11037 L<ExtUtils::Embed>?
11039 =item C<``> and pipe-C<open> do not work under DOS.
11041 =item Cannot start C<find.exe "pattern" file>
11049 =item Automatic binary installation
11051 C<PERL_BADLANG>, C<PERL_BADFREE>, F<Config.pm>
11053 =item Manual binary installation
11055 Perl VIO and PM executables (dynamically linked), Perl_ VIO executable
11056 (statically linked), Executables for Perl utilities, Main Perl library,
11057 Additional Perl modules, Tools to compile Perl modules, Manpages for Perl
11058 and utilities, Manpages for Perl modules, Source for Perl documentation,
11059 Perl manual in F<.INF> format, Pdksh
11065 =item Accessing documentation
11069 =item OS/2 F<.INF> file
11077 =item GNU C<info> files
11081 =item C<LaTeX> docs
11089 =item The short story
11091 =item Prerequisites
11093 =item Getting perl source
11095 =item Application of the patches
11103 A lot of C<bad free>, Process terminated by SIGTERM/SIGINT, F<op/fs.t>,
11106 =item Installing the built perl
11108 =item C<a.out>-style build
11112 =item Building a binary distribution
11114 =item Building custom F<.EXE> files
11118 =item Making executables with a custom collection of statically loaded
11121 =item Making executables with a custom search-paths
11129 =item Some C</> became C<\> in pdksh.
11131 =item C<'errno'> - unresolved external
11133 =item Problems with tr or sed
11135 =item Some problem (forget which ;-)
11137 =item Library ... not found
11139 =item Segfault in make
11141 =item op/sprintf test failure
11145 =item Specific (mis)features of OS/2 port
11149 =item C<setpriority>, C<getpriority>
11153 =item C<extproc> on the first line
11155 =item Additional modules:
11157 =item Prebuilt methods:
11159 C<File::Copy::syscopy>, C<DynaLoader::mod2fname>, C<Cwd::current_drive()>,
11160 C<Cwd::sys_chdir(name)>, C<Cwd::change_drive(name)>,
11161 C<Cwd::sys_is_absolute(name)>, C<Cwd::sys_is_rooted(name)>,
11162 C<Cwd::sys_is_relative(name)>, C<Cwd::sys_cwd(name)>,
11163 C<Cwd::sys_abspath(name, dir)>, C<Cwd::extLibpath([type])>,
11164 C<Cwd::extLibpath_set( path [, type ] )>,
11165 C<OS2::Error(do_harderror,do_exception)>, C<OS2::Errors2Drive(drive)>,
11166 OS2::SysInfo(), OS2::BootDrive(), C<OS2::MorphPM(serve)>,
11167 C<OS2::UnMorphPM(serve)>, C<OS2::Serve_Messages(force)>,
11168 C<OS2::Process_Messages(force [, cnt])>, C<OS2::_control87(new,mask)>,
11169 OS2::get_control87(), C<OS2::set_control87_em(new=MCW_EM,mask=MCW_EM)>,
11170 C<OS2::DLLname([how [, \&xsub]])>
11172 =item Prebuilt variables:
11174 $OS2::emx_rev, $OS2::emx_env, $OS2::os_ver, $OS2::is_aout, $OS2::can_fork,
11179 =item Modifications
11181 C<popen>, C<tmpnam>, C<tmpfile>, C<ctermid>, C<stat>, C<mkdir>, C<rmdir>,
11184 =item Identifying DLLs
11186 =item Centralized management of resources
11188 C<HAB>, C<HMQ>, Treating errors reported by OS/2 API,
11189 C<CheckOSError(expr)>, C<CheckWinError(expr)>, C<SaveWinError(expr)>,
11190 C<SaveCroakWinError(expr,die,name1,name2)>, C<WinError_2_Perl_rc>,
11191 C<FillWinError>, C<FillOSError(rc)>, Loading DLLs and ordinals in DLLs
11203 =item F<perl__.exe>
11205 =item F<perl___.exe>
11207 =item Why strange names?
11209 =item Why dynamic linking?
11211 =item Why chimera build?
11219 =item C<PERLLIB_PREFIX>
11221 =item C<PERL_BADLANG>
11223 =item C<PERL_BADFREE>
11225 =item C<PERL_SH_DIR>
11227 =item C<USE_PERL_FLOCK>
11229 =item C<TMP> or C<TEMP>
11237 =item Text-mode filehandles
11241 =item DLL name mangling: pre 5.6.2
11243 =item DLL name mangling: 5.6.2 and beyond
11245 Global DLLs, specific DLLs, C<BEGINLIBPATH> and C<ENDLIBPATH>, F<.> from
11248 =item DLL forwarder generation
11252 =item Calls to external programs
11254 =item Memory allocation
11258 C<COND_WAIT>, F<os2.c>
11274 =head2 perlos390, README.os390 - building and installing Perl for OS/390
11287 =item Unpacking Perl distribution on OS/390
11289 =item Setup and utilities for Perl on OS/390
11291 =item Configure Perl on OS/390
11293 =item Build, Test, Install Perl on OS/390
11295 =item Build Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
11297 =item Testing Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
11299 =item Installation Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
11301 =item Usage Hints for Perl on OS/390
11303 =item Floating Point Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
11305 =item Modules and Extensions for Perl on OS/390
11315 =item Mailing list for Perl on OS/390
11323 =head2 perlos400, README.os400 - Perl version 5 on OS/400
11331 =item Compiling Perl for OS/400 PASE
11333 =item Installing Perl in OS/400 PASE
11335 =item Using Perl in OS/400 PASE
11337 =item Known Problems
11347 =head2 perlplan9 - Plan 9-specific documentation for Perl
11355 =item Invoking Perl
11357 =item What's in Plan 9 Perl
11359 =item What's not in Plan 9 Perl
11361 =item Perl5 Functions not currently supported in Plan 9 Perl
11363 =item Signals in Plan 9 Perl
11367 =item COMPILING AND INSTALLING PERL ON PLAN 9
11371 =item Installing Perl Documentation on Plan 9
11377 =item Revision date
11383 =head2 perlqnx, README.qnx - Perl version 5 on QNX
11391 =item Required Software for Compiling Perl on QNX4
11393 /bin/sh, ar, nm, cpp, make
11395 =item Outstanding Issues with Perl on QNX4
11397 =item QNX auxiliary files
11401 =item Outstanding issues with perl under QNX6
11409 =head2 perlriscos, README.riscos - Perl version 5 for RISC OS
11421 =head2 perlsolaris, README.solaris - Perl version 5 on Solaris systems
11429 =item Solaris Version Numbers.
11435 Solaris FAQ, Precompiled Binaries, Solaris Documentation
11441 =item File Extraction Problems on Solaris.
11443 =item Compiler and Related Tools on Solaris.
11445 =item Environment for Compiling perl on Solaris
11449 =item RUN CONFIGURE.
11453 =item 64-bit perl on Solaris.
11455 =item Threads in perl on Solaris.
11457 =item Malloc Issues with perl on Solaris.
11461 =item MAKE PROBLEMS.
11463 Dynamic Loading Problems With GNU as and GNU ld, ld.so.1: ./perl: fatal:
11464 relocation error:, dlopen: stub interception failed, #error "No
11465 DATAMODEL_NATIVE specified", sh: ar: not found
11471 =item op/stat.t test 4 in Solaris
11473 =item nss_delete core dump from op/pwent or op/grent
11477 =item PREBUILT BINARIES OF PERL FOR SOLARIS.
11479 =item RUNTIME ISSUES FOR PERL ON SOLARIS.
11483 =item Limits on Numbers of Open Files on Solaris.
11487 =item SOLARIS-SPECIFIC MODULES.
11489 =item SOLARIS-SPECIFIC PROBLEMS WITH MODULES.
11493 =item Proc::ProcessTable on Solaris
11495 =item BSD::Resource on Solaris
11497 =item Net::SSLeay on Solaris
11507 =head2 perlsymbian, README.symbian - Perl version 5 on Symbian OS
11515 =item Compiling Perl on Symbian
11517 =item Compilation problems
11523 =item Using Perl in Symbian
11543 =head2 perltru64, README.tru64 - Perl version 5 on Tru64 (formerly known as
11544 Digital UNIX formerly known as DEC OSF/1) systems
11552 =item Compiling Perl 5 on Tru64
11554 =item Using Large Files with Perl on Tru64
11556 =item Threaded Perl on Tru64
11558 =item Long Doubles on Tru64
11560 =item DB_File tests failing on Tru64
11562 =item 64-bit Perl on Tru64
11564 =item Warnings about floating-point overflow when compiling Perl on Tru64
11568 =item Testing Perl on Tru64
11570 =item ext/ODBM_File/odbm Test Failing With Static Builds
11572 =item Perl Fails Because Of Unresolved Symbol sockatmark
11578 =head2 perluts - Perl under UTS
11586 =item BUILDING PERL ON UTS
11588 =item Installing the built perl on UTS
11594 =head2 perlvmesa, README.vmesa - building and installing Perl for VM/ESA.
11604 =item Unpacking Perl Distribution on VM/ESA
11606 =item Setup Perl and utilities on VM/ESA
11608 =item Configure Perl on VM/ESA
11610 =item Testing Anomalies of Perl on VM/ESA
11612 =item Usage Hints for Perl on VM/ESA
11622 =item Mailing list for Perl on VM/ESA
11628 =head2 perlvms - VMS-specific documentation for Perl
11636 =item Organization of Perl Images
11642 =item Perl Extensions
11644 =item Installing static extensions
11646 =item Installing dynamic extensions
11650 =item File specifications
11656 =item Wildcard expansion
11662 =item PERL5LIB and PERLLIB
11664 =item The Perl Forked Debugger
11666 =item PERL_VMS_EXCEPTION_DEBUG
11672 =item I/O redirection and backgrounding
11674 =item Command line switches
11680 =item Perl functions
11682 File tests, backticks, binmode FILEHANDLE, crypt PLAINTEXT, USER, die,
11683 dump, exec LIST, fork, getpwent, getpwnam, getpwuid, gmtime, kill, qx//,
11684 select (system call), stat EXPR, system LIST, time, times, unlink LIST,
11685 utime LIST, waitpid PID,FLAGS
11687 =item Perl variables
11689 %ENV, CRTL_ENV, CLISYM_[LOCAL], Any other string, $!, $^E, $?, $|
11691 =item Standard modules with VMS-specific differences
11699 =item Revision date
11705 =head2 perlvos, README.vos - Perl for Stratus VOS
11711 =item BUILDING PERL FOR VOS
11713 =item INSTALLING PERL IN VOS
11715 =item USING PERL IN VOS
11719 =item Restrictions of Perl on VOS
11721 =item Handling of underflow and overflow
11727 =item SUPPORT STATUS
11735 =head2 perlwin32 - Perl under Windows
11745 =item Setting Up Perl on Win32
11747 Make, Command Shell, Borland C++, Microsoft Visual C++, Microsoft Visual
11748 C++ 2008 Express Edition Beta 2, Microsoft Visual C++ 2005 Express Edition,
11749 Microsoft Visual C++ Toolkit 2003, Microsoft Platform SDK 64-bit Compiler,
11750 MinGW release 3 with gcc, MinGW release 1 with gcc
11754 =item Testing Perl on Win32
11756 =item Installation of Perl on Win32
11758 =item Usage Hints for Perl on Win32
11760 Environment Variables, File Globbing, Using perl from the command line,
11761 Building Extensions, Command-line Wildcard Expansion, Win32 Specific
11762 Extensions, Notes on 64-bit Windows
11764 =item Running Perl Scripts
11766 =item Miscellaneous Things
11770 =item BUGS AND CAVEATS
11772 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
11776 Gary Ng E<lt>71564.1743@CompuServe.COME<gt>, Gurusamy Sarathy
11777 E<lt>gsar@activestate.comE<gt>, Nick Ing-Simmons
11778 E<lt>nick@ing-simmons.netE<gt>, Jan Dubois E<lt>jand@activestate.comE<gt>,
11779 Steve Hay E<lt>steve.hay@uk.radan.comE<gt>
11787 =head1 PRAGMA DOCUMENTATION
11789 =head2 attrs - set/get attributes of a subroutine (deprecated)
11801 =head2 re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour
11819 Compile related options, COMPILE, PARSE, OPTIMISE, TRIEC, DUMP, Execute
11820 related options, EXECUTE, MATCH, TRIEE, INTUIT, Extra debugging options,
11821 EXTRA, BUFFERS, TRIEM, STATE, STACK, OPTIMISEM, OFFSETS, OFFSETSDBG, Other
11822 useful flags, ALL, All, MORE, More
11824 =item Exportable Functions
11826 is_regexp($ref), regexp_pattern($ref), regmust($ref), regname($name,$all),
11827 regnames($all), regnames_count()
11835 =head2 threadshared::shared, threads::shared - Perl extension for sharing
11836 data structures between threads
11850 share VARIABLE, is_shared VARIABLE, lock VARIABLE, cond_wait VARIABLE,
11851 cond_wait CONDVAR, LOCKVAR, cond_timedwait VARIABLE, ABS_TIMEOUT,
11852 cond_timedwait CONDVAR, ABS_TIMEOUT, LOCKVAR, cond_signal VARIABLE,
11853 cond_broadcast VARIABLE
11859 =item BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
11867 =head2 threads - Perl interpreter-based threads
11877 $thr = threads->create(FUNCTION, ARGS), $thr->join(), $thr->detach(),
11878 threads->detach(), threads->self(), $thr->tid(), threads->tid(), "$thr",
11879 threads->object($tid), threads->yield(), threads->list(),
11880 threads->list(threads::all), threads->list(threads::running),
11881 threads->list(threads::joinable), $thr1->equal($thr2), async BLOCK;,
11882 $thr->error(), $thr->_handle(), threads->_handle()
11884 =item EXITING A THREAD
11886 threads->exit(), threads->exit(status), die(), exit(status), use threads
11887 'exit' => 'threads_only', threads->create({'exit' => 'thread_only'}, ...),
11888 $thr->set_thread_exit_only(boolean), threads->set_thread_exit_only(boolean)
11892 $thr->is_running(), $thr->is_joinable(), $thr->is_detached(),
11893 threads->is_detached()
11895 =item THREAD CONTEXT
11899 =item Explicit context
11901 =item Implicit context
11903 =item $thr->wantarray()
11905 =item threads->wantarray()
11909 =item THREAD STACK SIZE
11911 threads->get_stack_size();, $size = $thr->get_stack_size();, $old_size =
11912 threads->set_stack_size($new_size);, use threads ('stack_size' => VALUE);,
11913 $ENV{'PERL5_ITHREADS_STACK_SIZE'}, threads->create({'stack_size' => VALUE},
11914 FUNCTION, ARGS), $thr2 = $thr1->create(FUNCTION, ARGS)
11916 =item THREAD SIGNALLING
11918 $thr->kill('SIG...');
11922 Perl exited with active threads:, Thread creation failed: pthread_create
11923 returned #, Thread # terminated abnormally: .., Using minimum thread stack
11924 size of #, Thread creation failed: pthread_attr_setstacksize(I<SIZE>)
11929 This Perl not built to support threads, Cannot change stack size of an
11930 existing thread, Cannot signal threads without safe signals, Unrecognized
11933 =item BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
11935 Thread-safe modules, Using non-thread-safe modules, Current working
11936 directory, Environment variables, Parent-child threads, Creating threads
11937 inside special blocks, Unsafe signals, Perl has been built with
11938 C<PERL_OLD_SIGNALS> (see C<perl -V>), The environment variable
11939 C<PERL_SIGNALS> is set to C<unsafe> (see L<perlrun/"PERL_SIGNALS">), The
11940 module L<Perl::Unsafe::Signals> is used, Returning closures from threads,
11941 Returning objects from threads, Perl Bugs and the CPAN Version of
11950 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
11954 =head2 attributes - get/set subroutine or variable attributes
11964 =item Built-in Attributes
11966 locked, method, lvalue
11968 =item Available Subroutines
11972 =item Package-specific Attribute Handling
11974 FETCH_I<type>_ATTRIBUTES, MODIFY_I<type>_ATTRIBUTES
11976 =item Syntax of Attribute Lists
11984 =item Default exports
11986 =item Available exports
11988 =item Export tags defined
11998 =head2 autouse - postpone load of modules until a function is used
12014 =head2 base - Establish an ISA relationship with base classes at compile
12025 Base class package "%s" is empty, Class 'Foo' tried to inherit from itself
12035 =head2 bigint - Transparent BigInteger support for Perl
12045 =item use integer vs. use bigint
12049 a or accuracy, p or precision, t or trace, hex, oct, l, lib, try or only, v
12054 =item Internal Format
12060 inf(), NaN(), e, PI, bexp(), bpi(), upgrade(), in_effect()
12070 in_effect(), hex()/oct()
12084 =head2 bignum - Transparent BigNumber support for Perl
12096 a or accuracy, p or precision, t or trace, l or lib, hex, oct, v or version
12102 inf(), NaN(), e, PI(), bexp(), bpi(), upgrade(), in_effect()
12106 =item INTERNAL FORMAT
12114 in_effect(), hex()/oct()
12128 =head2 bigrat - Transparent BigNumber/BigRational support for Perl
12146 inf(), NaN(), e, PI, bexp(), bpi(), upgrade(), in_effect()
12154 a or accuracy, p or precision, t or trace, l or lib, hex, oct, v or version
12160 in_effect(), hex()/oct()
12164 perl -Mbigrat -le 'print sqrt(33)'
12165 perl -Mbigrat -le 'print 2*255'
12166 perl -Mbigrat -le 'print 4.5+2*255'
12167 perl -Mbigrat -le 'print 3/7 + 5/7 + 8/3'
12168 perl -Mbigrat -le 'print 12->is_odd()';
12169 perl -Mbignum=l,GMP -le 'print 7 ** 7777'
12179 =head2 blib - Use MakeMaker's uninstalled version of a package
12193 =head2 bytes - Perl pragma to force byte semantics rather than character
12208 =head2 charnames - define character names for C<\N{named}> string literal
12219 =item CUSTOM ALIASES
12223 =item Anonymous hashes
12227 =item Alias shortcut
12231 =item charnames::viacode(code)
12233 =item charnames::vianame(name)
12235 =item CUSTOM TRANSLATORS
12237 =item ILLEGAL CHARACTERS
12243 =head2 constant - Perl pragma to declare constants
12255 =item List constants
12257 =item Defining multiple constants at once
12259 =item Magic constants
12263 =item TECHNICAL NOTES
12275 =head2 diagnostics, splain - produce verbose warning diagnostics
12285 =item The C<diagnostics> Pragma
12287 =item The I<splain> Program
12301 =head2 encoding - allows you to write your script in non-ascii or non-utf8
12311 =item Literal Conversions
12313 =item PerlIO layers for C<STD(IN|OUT)>
12315 =item Implicit upgrading for byte strings
12325 =item FEATURES THAT REQUIRE 5.8.1
12327 "NON-EUC" doublebyte encodings, tr//, DATA pseudo-filehandle
12331 use encoding [I<ENCNAME>] ;, use encoding I<ENCNAME> [ STDIN =E<gt>
12332 I<ENCNAME_IN> ...] ;, use encoding I<ENCNAME> Filter=E<gt>1;, no encoding;
12334 =item The Filter Option
12338 =item Filter-related changes at Encode version 1.87
12348 =item DO NOT MIX MULTIPLE ENCODINGS
12350 =item tr/// with ranges
12352 Legend of characters above
12356 =item EXAMPLE - Greekperl
12358 =item KNOWN PROBLEMS
12360 literals in regex that are longer than 127 bytes, EBCDIC, format, Thread
12365 =item The Logic of :locale
12375 =head2 encoding::warnings - Warn on implicit encoding conversions
12387 =item Overview of the problem
12389 =item Detecting the problem
12391 =item Solving the problem
12393 Upgrade both sides to unicode-strings, Downgrade both sides to
12394 byte-strings, Specify the encoding for implicit byte-string upgrading,
12395 PerlIO layers for B<STDIN> and B<STDOUT>, Literal conversions, Implicit
12396 upgrading for byte-strings
12414 =head2 feature - Perl pragma to enable new syntactic features
12424 =item Lexical effect
12426 =item C<no feature>
12428 =item The 'switch' feature
12430 =item The 'say' feature
12432 =item the 'state' feature
12436 =item FEATURE BUNDLES
12438 =item IMPLICIT LOADING
12442 =head2 fields - compile-time class fields
12456 =head2 filetest - Perl pragma to control the filetest permission operators
12466 =item subpragma access
12472 =head2 if - C<use> a Perl module if a condition holds
12486 =head2 integer - Perl pragma to use integer arithmetic instead of floating
12497 =head2 less - perl pragma to request less of something
12505 =item FOR MODULE AUTHORS
12509 =item C<< BOOLEAN = less->of( FEATURE ) >>
12511 =item C<< FEATURES = less->of() >>
12517 This probably does nothing, This works only on 5.10+
12521 =head2 lib - manipulate @INC at compile time
12531 =item Adding directories to @INC
12533 =item Deleting directories from @INC
12535 =item Restoring original @INC
12549 =head2 locale - Perl pragma to use and avoid POSIX locales for built-in
12560 =head2 mro - Method Resolution Order
12576 =item How does C3 work
12584 =item mro::get_linear_isa($classname[, $type])
12586 =item mro::set_mro($classname, $type)
12588 =item mro::get_mro($classname)
12590 =item mro::get_isarev($classname)
12592 =item mro::is_universal($classname)
12594 =item mro::invalidate_all_method_caches()
12596 =item mro::method_changed_in($classname)
12598 =item mro::get_pkg_gen($classname)
12604 =item maybe::next::method
12612 =item The original Dylan paper
12614 L<http://www.webcom.com/haahr/dylan/linearization-oopsla96.html>
12616 =item The prototype Perl 6 Object Model uses C3
12618 L<http://svn.openfoundry.org/pugs/perl5/Perl6-MetaModel/>
12620 =item Parrot now uses C3
12622 L<http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Mail/Message/perl6-internals/2746631>,
12623 L<http://use.perl.org/~autrijus/journal/25768>
12625 =item Python 2.3 MRO related links
12627 L<http://www.python.org/2.3/mro.html>,
12628 L<http://www.python.org/2.2.2/descrintro.html#mro>
12630 =item C3 for TinyCLOS
12632 L<http://www.call-with-current-continuation.org/eggs/c3.html>
12644 =head2 open - perl pragma to set default PerlIO layers for input and output
12652 =item NONPERLIO FUNCTIONALITY
12654 =item IMPLEMENTATION DETAILS
12660 =head2 ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when compiling
12672 =head2 overload - Package for overloading Perl operations
12682 =item Declaration of overloaded functions
12684 =item Calling Conventions for Binary Operations
12686 FALSE, TRUE, C<undef>
12688 =item Calling Conventions for Unary Operations
12690 =item Calling Conventions for Mutators
12692 C<++> and C<-->, C<x=> and other assignment versions
12694 =item Overloadable Operations
12696 I<Arithmetic operations>, I<Comparison operations>, I<Bit operations>,
12697 I<Increment and decrement>, I<Transcendental functions>, I<Boolean, string
12698 and numeric conversion>, I<Iteration>, I<Dereferencing>, I<Special>
12700 =item Inheritance and overloading
12702 Strings as values of C<use overload> directive, Overloading of an operation
12703 is inherited by derived classes
12707 =item SPECIAL SYMBOLS FOR C<use overload>
12715 C<undef>, TRUE, defined, but FALSE
12719 =item Copy Constructor
12725 =item MAGIC AUTOGENERATION
12727 I<Assignment forms of arithmetic operations>, I<Conversion operations>,
12728 I<Increment and decrement>, C<abs($a)>, I<Unary minus>, I<Negation>,
12729 I<Concatenation>, I<Comparison operations>, I<Iterator>, I<Dereferencing>,
12732 =item Minimal set of overloaded operations
12734 =item Losing overloading
12736 =item Run-time Overloading
12738 =item Public functions
12740 overload::StrVal(arg), overload::Overloaded(arg), overload::Method(obj,op)
12742 =item Overloading constants
12744 integer, float, binary, q, qr
12746 =item IMPLEMENTATION
12748 =item Metaphor clash
12754 =item Two-face scalars
12756 =item Two-face references
12758 =item Symbolic calculator
12760 =item I<Really> symbolic calculator
12768 Odd number of arguments for overload::constant, `%s' is not an overloadable
12769 type, `%s' is not a code reference
12775 =head2 sigtrap - Perl pragma to enable simple signal handling
12787 =item SIGNAL HANDLERS
12789 B<stack-trace>, B<die>, B<handler> I<your-handler>
12793 B<normal-signals>, B<error-signals>, B<old-interface-signals>
12797 B<untrapped>, B<any>, I<signal>, I<number>
12805 =head2 sort - perl pragma to control sort() behaviour
12817 =head2 strict - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe constructs
12825 C<strict refs>, C<strict vars>, C<strict subs>
12831 =head2 subs - Perl pragma to predeclare sub names
12841 =head2 threadshared, threads::shared - Perl extension for sharing data
12842 structures between threads
12856 share VARIABLE, is_shared VARIABLE, lock VARIABLE, cond_wait VARIABLE,
12857 cond_wait CONDVAR, LOCKVAR, cond_timedwait VARIABLE, ABS_TIMEOUT,
12858 cond_timedwait CONDVAR, ABS_TIMEOUT, LOCKVAR, cond_signal VARIABLE,
12859 cond_broadcast VARIABLE
12865 =item BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
12873 =head2 utf8 - Perl pragma to enable/disable UTF-8 (or UTF-EBCDIC) in source
12884 =item Utility functions
12886 $num_octets = utf8::upgrade($string), $success = utf8::downgrade($string[,
12887 FAIL_OK]), utf8::encode($string), $success = utf8::decode($string), $flag =
12888 utf8::is_utf8(STRING), $flag = utf8::valid(STRING)
12898 =head2 vars - Perl pragma to predeclare global variable names (obsolete)
12908 =head2 version - Perl extension for Version Objects
12918 =item BEST PRACTICES
12920 Be consistent, Be careful
12922 =item Using modules that use version.pm
12924 Numeric versions always work, Extended version work sometimes
12926 =item What IS a version
12928 Numeric Versions, Extended Versions
12930 =item Numeric Versions
12932 =item Extended Versions
12934 =item Numeric Alpha Versions
12936 =item Object Methods
12938 New Operator, qv(), Normal Form, Numification, Stringification, Comparison
12939 operators, Logical Operators
12943 =item What about v-strings?
12945 =item Types of Versions Objects
12947 Ordinary versions, Alpha Versions
12949 =item Replacement UNIVERSAL::VERSION
12963 =head2 vmsish - Perl pragma to control VMS-specific language features
12971 C<vmsish status>, C<vmsish exit>, C<vmsish time>, C<vmsish hushed>
12975 =head2 warnings - Perl pragma to control optional warnings
12983 use warnings::register, warnings::enabled(), warnings::enabled($category),
12984 warnings::enabled($object), warnings::warn($message),
12985 warnings::warn($category, $message), warnings::warn($object, $message),
12986 warnings::warnif($message), warnings::warnif($category, $message),
12987 warnings::warnif($object, $message)
12991 =head2 warnings::register - warnings import function
13001 =head1 MODULE DOCUMENTATION
13003 =head2 AnyDBM_File - provide framework for multiple DBMs
13013 =item DBM Comparisons
13023 =head2 Archive::Extract - A generic archive extracting mechanism
13039 =item $ae = Archive::Extract->new(archive => '/path/to/archive',[type =>
13042 tar, tgz, gz, Z, zip, bz2, tbz
13050 =item $ae->extract( [to => '/output/path'] )
13052 $ae->extract_path, $ae->files
13062 =item $ae->error([BOOL])
13064 =item $ae->extract_path
13096 =item $ae->bin_gzip
13098 =item $ae->bin_unzip
13110 =item File Extensions
13112 =item Supporting Very Large Files
13114 =item Bunzip2 support of arbitrary extensions.
13118 =item GLOBAL VARIABLES
13122 =item $Archive::Extract::DEBUG
13124 =item $Archive::Extract::WARN
13126 =item $Archive::Extract::PREFER_BIN
13142 =head2 Archive::Tar - module for manipulations of tar archives
13150 =item Object Methods
13154 =item Archive::Tar->new( [$file, $compressed] )
13162 =item $tar->read ( $filename|$handle, $compressed, {opt => 'val'} )
13170 =item $tar->contains_file( $filename )
13176 =item $tar->extract( [@filenames] )
13182 =item $tar->extract_file( $file, [$extract_path] )
13188 =item $tar->list_files( [\@properties] )
13194 =item $tar->get_files( [@filenames] )
13200 =item $tar->get_content( $file )
13206 =item $tar->replace_content( $file, $content )
13212 =item $tar->rename( $file, $new_name )
13218 =item $tar->remove (@filenamelist)
13230 =item $tar->write ( [$file, $compressed, $prefix] )
13236 =item $tar->add_files( @filenamelist )
13242 =item $tar->add_data ( $filename, $data, [$opthashref] )
13244 FILE, HARDLINK, SYMLINK, CHARDEV, BLOCKDEV, DIR, FIFO, SOCKET
13250 =item $tar->error( [$BOOL] )
13256 =item $tar->setcwd( $cwd );
13262 =item $bool = $tar->has_io_string
13268 =item $bool = $tar->has_perlio
13274 =item Class Methods
13278 =item Archive::Tar->create_archive($file, $compression, @filelist)
13286 =item Archive::Tar->list_archive ($file, $compressed, [\@properties])
13292 =item Archive::Tar->extract_archive ($file, $gzip)
13298 =item Archive::Tar->can_handle_compressed_files
13304 =item GLOBAL VARIABLES
13308 =item $Archive::Tar::FOLLOW_SYMLINK
13310 =item $Archive::Tar::CHOWN
13312 =item $Archive::Tar::CHMOD
13314 =item $Archive::Tar::DO_NOT_USE_PREFIX
13316 =item $Archive::Tar::DEBUG
13318 =item $Archive::Tar::WARN
13320 =item $Archive::Tar::error
13322 =item $Archive::Tar::INSECURE_EXTRACT_MODE
13324 =item $Archive::Tar::HAS_PERLIO
13326 =item $Archive::Tar::HAS_IO_STRING
13332 What's the minimum perl version required to run Archive::Tar?, Isn't
13333 Archive::Tar slow?, Isn't Archive::Tar heavier on memory than /bin/tar?,
13334 Can't you lazy-load data instead?, How much memory will an X kb tar file
13335 need?, What do you do with unsupported filetypes in an archive?, I'm using
13336 WinZip, or some other non-POSIX client, and files are not being extracted
13337 properly!, How do I extract only files that have property X from an
13338 archive?, How do I access .tar.Z files?, How do I handle Unicode strings?
13342 Check if passed in handles are open for read/write, Allow archives to be
13343 passed in as string, Facilitate processing an opened filehandle of a
13348 The GNU tar specification, The PAX format specication, A comparison of GNU
13349 and POSIX tar standards;
13350 C<http://www.delorie.com/gnu/docs/tar/tar_114.html>, GNU tar intends to
13351 switch to POSIX compatibility, A Comparison between various tar
13356 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
13362 =head2 Archive::Tar::File - a subclass for in-memory extracted file from
13375 name, mode, uid, gid, size, mtime, chksum, type, linkname, magic, version,
13376 uname, gname, devmajor, devminor, prefix, raw
13384 =item new( file => $path )
13386 =item new( data => $path, $data, $opt )
13388 =item new( chunk => $chunk )
13420 =item get_content_by_ref
13426 =item replace_content( $content )
13432 =item rename( $new_name )
13438 =item Convenience methods
13440 is_file, is_dir, is_hardlink, is_symlink, is_chardev, is_blockdev, is_fifo,
13441 is_socket, is_longlink, is_label, is_unknown
13445 =head2 Attribute::Handlers - Simpler definition of attribute handlers
13455 [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7]
13459 =item Typed lexicals
13461 =item Type-specific attribute handlers
13463 =item Non-interpretive attribute handlers
13465 =item Phase-specific attribute handlers
13467 =item Attributes as C<tie> interfaces
13475 C<Bad attribute type: ATTR(%s)>, C<Attribute handler %s doesn't handle %s
13476 attributes>, C<Declaration of %s attribute in package %s may clash with
13477 future reserved word>, C<Can't have two ATTR specifiers on one subroutine>,
13478 C<Can't autotie a %s>, C<Internal error: %s symbol went missing>, C<Won't
13479 be able to apply END handler>
13489 =head2 AutoLoader - load subroutines only on demand
13499 =item Subroutine Stubs
13501 =item Using B<AutoLoader>'s AUTOLOAD Subroutine
13503 =item Overriding B<AutoLoader>'s AUTOLOAD Subroutine
13505 =item Package Lexicals
13507 =item Not Using AutoLoader
13509 =item B<AutoLoader> vs. B<SelfLoader>
13519 =head2 AutoSplit - split a package for autoloading
13527 $keep, $check, $modtime
13531 =item Multiple packages
13539 =head2 B - The Perl Compiler
13549 =item Utility Functions
13553 =item Functions Returning C<B::SV>, C<B::AV>, C<B::HV>, and C<B::CV>
13556 sv_undef, sv_yes, sv_no, svref_2object(SVREF), amagic_generation, init_av,
13557 check_av, unitcheck_av, begin_av, end_av, comppadlist, regex_padav, main_cv
13559 =item Functions for Examining the Symbol Table
13561 walksymtable(SYMREF, METHOD, RECURSE, PREFIX)
13563 =item Functions Returning C<B::OP> objects or for walking op trees
13565 main_root, main_start, walkoptree(OP, METHOD), walkoptree_debug(DEBUG)
13567 =item Miscellaneous Utility Functions
13569 ppname(OPNUM), hash(STR), cast_I32(I), minus_c, cstring(STR),
13570 perlstring(STR), class(OBJ), threadsv_names
13572 =item Exported utility variabiles
13574 @optype, @specialsv_name
13578 =item OVERVIEW OF CLASSES
13582 =item SV-RELATED CLASSES
13584 =item B::SV Methods
13586 REFCNT, FLAGS, object_2svref
13588 =item B::IV Methods
13590 IV, IVX, UVX, int_value, needs64bits, packiv
13592 =item B::NV Methods
13596 =item B::RV Methods
13600 =item B::PV Methods
13604 =item B::PVMG Methods
13608 =item B::MAGIC Methods
13610 MOREMAGIC, precomp, PRIVATE, TYPE, FLAGS, OBJ, PTR, REGEX
13612 =item B::PVLV Methods
13614 TARGOFF, TARGLEN, TYPE, TARG
13616 =item B::BM Methods
13618 USEFUL, PREVIOUS, RARE, TABLE
13620 =item B::GV Methods
13622 is_empty, NAME, SAFENAME, STASH, SV, IO, FORM, AV, HV, EGV, CV, CVGEN,
13623 LINE, FILE, FILEGV, GvREFCNT, FLAGS
13625 =item B::IO Methods
13627 LINES, PAGE, PAGE_LEN, LINES_LEFT, TOP_NAME, TOP_GV, FMT_NAME, FMT_GV,
13628 BOTTOM_NAME, BOTTOM_GV, SUBPROCESS, IoTYPE, IoFLAGS, IsSTD
13630 =item B::AV Methods
13632 FILL, MAX, ARRAY, ARRAYelt, OFF, AvFLAGS
13634 =item B::CV Methods
13636 STASH, START, ROOT, GV, FILE, DEPTH, PADLIST, OUTSIDE, OUTSIDE_SEQ, XSUB,
13637 XSUBANY, CvFLAGS, const_sv
13639 =item B::HV Methods
13641 FILL, MAX, KEYS, RITER, NAME, ARRAY, PMROOT
13643 =item OP-RELATED CLASSES
13645 =item B::OP Methods
13647 next, sibling, name, ppaddr, desc, targ, type, opt, flags, private, spare
13649 =item B::UNOP METHOD
13653 =item B::BINOP METHOD
13657 =item B::LOGOP METHOD
13661 =item B::LISTOP METHOD
13665 =item B::PMOP Methods
13667 pmreplroot, pmreplstart, pmnext, pmregexp, pmflags, extflags, precomp,
13670 =item B::SVOP METHOD
13674 =item B::PADOP METHOD
13678 =item B::PVOP METHOD
13682 =item B::LOOP Methods
13684 redoop, nextop, lastop
13686 =item B::COP Methods
13688 label, stash, stashpv, file, cop_seq, arybase, line, warnings, io, hints,
13697 =head2 B::Concise - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing concise info about ops
13711 =item Options for Opcode Ordering
13713 B<-basic>, B<-exec>, B<-tree>
13715 =item Options for Line-Style
13717 B<-concise>, B<-terse>, B<-linenoise>, B<-debug>, B<-env>
13719 =item Options for tree-specific formatting
13721 B<-compact>, B<-loose>, B<-vt>, B<-ascii>
13723 =item Options controlling sequence numbering
13725 B<-base>I<n>, B<-bigendian>, B<-littleendian>
13727 =item Other options
13729 B<-src>, B<-stash="somepackage">, B<-main>, B<-nomain>, B<-nobanner>,
13730 B<-banner>, B<-banneris> => subref
13732 =item Option Stickiness
13736 =item ABBREVIATIONS
13740 =item OP class abbreviations
13742 =item OP flags abbreviations
13746 =item FORMATTING SPECIFICATIONS
13750 =item Special Patterns
13752 B<(x(>I<exec_text>B<;>I<basic_text>B<)x)>, B<(*(>I<text>B<)*)>,
13753 B<(*(>I<text1>B<;>I<text2>B<)*)>, B<(?(>I<text1>B<#>I<var>I<Text2>B<)?)>,
13758 B<#>I<var>, B<#>I<var>I<N>, B<#>I<Var>, B<#addr>, B<#arg>, B<#class>,
13759 B<#classsym>, B<#coplabel>, B<#exname>, B<#extarg>, B<#firstaddr>,
13760 B<#flags>, B<#flagval>, B<#hints>, B<#hintsval>, B<#hyphseq>, B<#label>,
13761 B<#lastaddr>, B<#name>, B<#NAME>, B<#next>, B<#nextaddr>, B<#noise>,
13762 B<#private>, B<#privval>, B<#seq>, B<#seqnum>, B<#opt>, B<#sibaddr>,
13763 B<#svaddr>, B<#svclass>, B<#svval>, B<#targ>, B<#targarg>, B<#targarglife>,
13768 =item One-Liner Command tips
13770 perl -MO=Concise,bar foo.pl, perl -MDigest::MD5=md5 -MO=Concise,md5 -e1,
13771 perl -MPOSIX -MO=Concise,_POSIX_ARG_MAX -e1, perl -MPOSIX -MO=Concise,a -e
13772 'print _POSIX_SAVED_IDS', perl -MPOSIX -MO=Concise,a -e 'sub
13773 a{_POSIX_SAVED_IDS}', perl -MB::Concise -e
13774 'B::Concise::compile("-exec","-src", \%B::Concise::)->()'
13776 =item Using B::Concise outside of the O framework
13780 =item Example: Altering Concise Renderings
13784 =item set_style_standard($name)
13788 =item add_callback()
13790 =item Running B::Concise::compile()
13792 =item B::Concise::reset_sequence()
13802 =head2 B::Debug - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing debug info about ops
13814 =head2 B::Deparse - Perl compiler backend to produce perl code
13824 B<-d>, B<-f>I<FILE>, B<-l>, B<-p>, B<-P>, B<-q>, B<-s>I<LETTERS>, B<C>,
13825 B<i>I<NUMBER>, B<T>, B<v>I<STRING>B<.>, B<-x>I<LEVEL>
13827 =item USING B::Deparse AS A MODULE
13837 =item ambient_pragmas
13839 strict, $[, bytes, utf8, integer, re, warnings, hint_bits, warning_bits,
13852 =head2 B::Lint - Perl lint
13860 =item OPTIONS AND LINT CHECKS
13862 B<magic-diamond>, B<context>, B<implicit-read> and B<implicit-write>,
13863 B<bare-subs>, B<dollar-underscore>, B<private-names>, B<undefined-subs>,
13864 B<regexp-variables>, B<all>, B<none>
13866 =item NON LINT-CHECK OPTIONS
13870 =item EXTENDING LINT
13874 while(<FH>) stomps $_, strict oo, unchecked system calls, more tests,
13875 validate against older perls
13883 =head2 B::O, O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends
13893 =item IMPLEMENTATION
13901 =head2 B::Showlex - Show lexical variables used in functions or files
13925 =head2 B::Terse - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing terse info about ops
13937 =head2 B::Xref - Generates cross reference reports for Perl programs
13947 C<-oFILENAME>, C<-r>, C<-d>, C<-D[tO]>
13955 =head2 Benchmark - benchmark running times of Perl code
13969 =item Standard Exports
13971 timeit(COUNT, CODE), timethis ( COUNT, CODE, [ TITLE, [ STYLE ]] ),
13972 timethese ( COUNT, CODEHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), timediff ( T1, T2 ), timestr (
13973 TIMEDIFF, [ STYLE, [ FORMAT ] ] )
13975 =item Optional Exports
13977 clearcache ( COUNT ), clearallcache ( ), cmpthese ( COUNT, CODEHASHREF, [
13978 STYLE ] ), cmpthese ( RESULTSHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), countit(TIME, CODE),
13979 disablecache ( ), enablecache ( ), timesum ( T1, T2 )
13981 =item :hireswallclock
13997 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
14001 =head2 CGI - Simple Common Gateway Interface Class
14013 =item PROGRAMMING STYLE
14015 =item CALLING CGI.PM ROUTINES
14017 =item CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT (OBJECT-ORIENTED STYLE):
14019 =item CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT FROM AN INPUT FILE
14021 =item FETCHING A LIST OF KEYWORDS FROM THE QUERY:
14023 =item FETCHING THE NAMES OF ALL THE PARAMETERS PASSED TO YOUR SCRIPT:
14025 =item FETCHING THE VALUE OR VALUES OF A SINGLE NAMED PARAMETER:
14027 =item SETTING THE VALUE(S) OF A NAMED PARAMETER:
14029 =item APPENDING ADDITIONAL VALUES TO A NAMED PARAMETER:
14031 =item IMPORTING ALL PARAMETERS INTO A NAMESPACE:
14033 =item DELETING A PARAMETER COMPLETELY:
14035 =item DELETING ALL PARAMETERS:
14037 =item HANDLING NON-URLENCODED ARGUMENTS
14039 =item DIRECT ACCESS TO THE PARAMETER LIST:
14041 =item FETCHING THE PARAMETER LIST AS A HASH:
14043 =item SAVING THE STATE OF THE SCRIPT TO A FILE:
14045 =item RETRIEVING CGI ERRORS
14047 =item USING THE FUNCTION-ORIENTED INTERFACE
14049 B<:cgi>, B<:form>, B<:html2>, B<:html3>, B<:html4>, B<:netscape>, B<:html>,
14050 B<:standard>, B<:all>
14054 -any, -compile, -nosticky, -tabindex, -no_undef_params, -no_xhtml, -nph,
14055 -newstyle_urls, -oldstyle_urls, -autoload, -no_debug, -debug,
14058 =item SPECIAL FORMS FOR IMPORTING HTML-TAG FUNCTIONS
14060 1. start_table() (generates a <table> tag), 2. end_table() (generates a
14061 </table> tag), 3. start_ul() (generates a <ul> tag), 4. end_ul() (generates
14066 =item GENERATING DYNAMIC DOCUMENTS
14070 =item CREATING A STANDARD HTTP HEADER:
14072 =item GENERATING A REDIRECTION HEADER
14074 =item CREATING THE HTML DOCUMENT HEADER
14076 B<Parameters:>, 4, 5, 6..
14078 =item ENDING THE HTML DOCUMENT:
14080 =item CREATING A SELF-REFERENCING URL THAT PRESERVES STATE INFORMATION:
14082 =item OBTAINING THE SCRIPT'S URL
14084 B<-absolute>, B<-relative>, B<-full>, B<-path> (B<-path_info>), B<-query>
14085 (B<-query_string>), B<-base>, B<-rewrite>
14087 =item MIXING POST AND URL PARAMETERS
14091 =item CREATING STANDARD HTML ELEMENTS:
14095 =item PROVIDING ARGUMENTS TO HTML SHORTCUTS
14097 =item THE DISTRIBUTIVE PROPERTY OF HTML SHORTCUTS
14099 =item HTML SHORTCUTS AND LIST INTERPOLATION
14101 =item NON-STANDARD HTML SHORTCUTS
14103 =item AUTOESCAPING HTML
14105 $escaped_string = escapeHTML("unescaped string");, $charset =
14106 charset([$charset]);, $flag = autoEscape([$flag]);
14108 =item PRETTY-PRINTING HTML
14112 =item CREATING FILL-OUT FORMS:
14116 =item CREATING AN ISINDEX TAG
14118 =item STARTING AND ENDING A FORM
14120 B<application/x-www-form-urlencoded>, B<multipart/form-data>
14122 =item FORM ELEMENTS
14124 B<-name>, B<-value>, B<-values>, B<-tabindex>, B<-id>, B<-override>,
14125 B<-onChange>, B<-onFocus>, B<-onBlur>, B<-onMouseOver>, B<-onMouseOut>,
14128 =item CREATING A TEXT FIELD
14132 =item CREATING A BIG TEXT FIELD
14134 =item CREATING A PASSWORD FIELD
14136 =item CREATING A FILE UPLOAD FIELD
14140 =item CREATING A POPUP MENU
14142 =item CREATING AN OPTION GROUP
14144 =item CREATING A SCROLLING LIST
14148 =item CREATING A GROUP OF RELATED CHECKBOXES
14152 =item CREATING A STANDALONE CHECKBOX
14156 =item CREATING A RADIO BUTTON GROUP
14160 =item CREATING A SUBMIT BUTTON
14164 =item CREATING A RESET BUTTON
14166 =item CREATING A DEFAULT BUTTON
14168 =item CREATING A HIDDEN FIELD
14172 =item CREATING A CLICKABLE IMAGE BUTTON
14174 B<Parameters:>, 3. The third option (-align, optional) is an alignment
14175 type, and may be TOP, BOTTOM or MIDDLE
14177 =item CREATING A JAVASCRIPT ACTION BUTTON
14183 1. an expiration time, 2. a domain, 3. a path, 4. a "secure" flag,
14184 B<-name>, B<-value>, B<-path>, B<-domain>, B<-expires>, B<-secure>
14186 =item WORKING WITH FRAMES
14188 1. Create a <Frameset> document, 2. Specify the destination for the
14189 document in the HTTP header, 3. Specify the destination for the document in
14192 =item SUPPORT FOR JAVASCRIPT
14194 B<onLoad>, B<onUnload>, B<onSubmit>, B<onClick>, B<onChange>, B<onFocus>,
14195 B<onBlur>, B<onSelect>, B<onMouseOver>, B<onMouseOut>
14197 =item LIMITED SUPPORT FOR CASCADING STYLE SHEETS
14203 =item DUMPING OUT ALL THE NAME/VALUE PAIRS
14207 =item FETCHING ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
14209 B<Accept()>, B<raw_cookie()>, B<user_agent()>, B<path_info()>,
14210 B<path_translated()>, B<remote_host()>, B<script_name()> Return the script
14211 name as a partial URL, for self-refering scripts, B<referer()>, B<auth_type
14212 ()>, B<server_name ()>, B<virtual_host ()>, B<server_port ()>,
14213 B<virtual_port ()>, B<server_software ()>, B<remote_user ()>, B<user_name
14214 ()>, B<request_method()>, B<content_type()>, B<http()>, B<https()>
14216 =item USING NPH SCRIPTS
14218 In the B<use> statement, By calling the B<nph()> method:, By using B<-nph>
14223 multipart_init(), multipart_start(), multipart_end(), multipart_final()
14225 =item Avoiding Denial of Service Attacks
14227 B<$CGI::POST_MAX>, B<$CGI::DISABLE_UPLOADS>, B<1. On a script-by-script
14228 basis>, B<2. Globally for all scripts>
14230 =item COMPATIBILITY WITH CGI-LIB.PL
14232 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
14236 Matt Heffron (heffron@falstaff.css.beckman.com), James Taylor
14237 (james.taylor@srs.gov), Scott Anguish <sanguish@digifix.com>, Mike Jewell
14238 (mlj3u@virginia.edu), Timothy Shimmin (tes@kbs.citri.edu.au), Joergen Haegg
14239 (jh@axis.se), Laurent Delfosse (delfosse@delfosse.com), Richard Resnick
14240 (applepi1@aol.com), Craig Bishop (csb@barwonwater.vic.gov.au), Tony Curtis
14241 (tc@vcpc.univie.ac.at), Tim Bunce (Tim.Bunce@ig.co.uk), Tom Christiansen
14242 (tchrist@convex.com), Andreas Koenig (k@franz.ww.TU-Berlin.DE), Tim
14243 MacKenzie (Tim.MacKenzie@fulcrum.com.au), Kevin B. Hendricks
14244 (kbhend@dogwood.tyler.wm.edu), Stephen Dahmen (joyfire@inxpress.net), Ed
14245 Jordan (ed@fidalgo.net), David Alan Pisoni (david@cnation.com), Doug
14246 MacEachern (dougm@opengroup.org), Robin Houston (robin@oneworld.org),
14247 ...and many many more..
14249 =item A COMPLETE EXAMPLE OF A SIMPLE FORM-BASED SCRIPT
14257 =head2 CGI::Apache - Backward compatibility module for CGI.pm
14267 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
14275 =head2 CGI::Carp, B<CGI::Carp> - CGI routines for writing to the HTTPD (or
14284 =item REDIRECTING ERROR MESSAGES
14286 =item MAKING PERL ERRORS APPEAR IN THE BROWSER WINDOW
14290 =item Changing the default message
14294 =item DOING MORE THAN PRINTING A MESSAGE IN THE EVENT OF PERL ERRORS
14296 =item MAKING WARNINGS APPEAR AS HTML COMMENTS
14298 =item OVERRIDING THE NAME OF THE PROGRAM
14306 =head2 CGI::Cookie - Interface to Netscape Cookies
14314 =item USING CGI::Cookie
14316 B<1. expiration date>, B<2. domain>, B<3. path>, B<4. secure flag>, B<4.
14321 =item Creating New Cookies
14323 =item Sending the Cookie to the Browser
14325 =item Recovering Previous Cookies
14327 =item Manipulating Cookies
14329 B<name()>, B<value()>, B<domain()>, B<path()>, B<expires()>
14333 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
14341 =head2 CGI::Fast - CGI Interface for Fast CGI
14349 =item OTHER PIECES OF THE PUZZLE
14351 =item WRITING FASTCGI PERL SCRIPTS
14353 =item INSTALLING FASTCGI SCRIPTS
14355 =item USING FASTCGI SCRIPTS AS CGI SCRIPTS
14357 =item EXTERNAL FASTCGI SERVER INVOCATION
14359 FCGI_SOCKET_PATH, FCGI_LISTEN_QUEUE
14363 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
14371 =head2 CGI::Pretty - module to produce nicely formatted HTML code
14381 =item Tags that won't be formatted
14383 =item Customizing the Indenting
14395 =head2 CGI::Push - Simple Interface to Server Push
14403 =item USING CGI::Push
14405 -next_page, -last_page, -type, -delay, -cookie, -target, -expires, -nph
14409 =item Heterogeneous Pages
14411 =item Changing the Page Delay on the Fly
14415 =item INSTALLING CGI::Push SCRIPTS
14417 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
14425 =head2 CGI::Switch - Backward compatibility module for defunct CGI::Switch
14435 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
14443 =head2 CGI::Util - Internal utilities used by CGI module
14451 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
14457 =head2 CORE - Pseudo-namespace for Perl's core routines
14465 =item OVERRIDING CORE FUNCTIONS
14473 =head2 CPAN - query, download and build perl modules from CPAN sites
14483 =item CPAN::shell([$prompt, $command]) Starting Interactive Mode
14485 Searching for authors, bundles, distribution files and modules, C<get>,
14486 C<make>, C<test>, C<install>, C<clean> modules or distributions, C<readme>,
14487 C<perldoc>, C<look> module or distribution, C<ls> author, C<ls>
14488 globbing_expression, C<failed>, Persistence between sessions, The C<force>
14489 and the C<fforce> pragma, Lockfile, Signals
14499 =item recent ***EXPERIMENTAL COMMAND***
14503 =item report Bundle|Distribution|Module
14505 =item smoke ***EXPERIMENTAL COMMAND***
14507 =item upgrade [Module|/Regex/]...
14509 =item The four C<CPAN::*> Classes: Author, Bundle, Module, Distribution
14511 =item Integrating local directories
14515 =item CONFIGURATION
14517 completion support, displaying some help: o conf help, displaying current
14518 values: o conf [KEY], changing of scalar values: o conf KEY VALUE, changing
14519 of list values: o conf KEY SHIFT|UNSHIFT|PUSH|POP|SPLICE|LIST, reverting to
14520 saved: o conf defaults, saving the config: o conf commit
14524 =item Config Variables
14526 C<o conf E<lt>scalar optionE<gt>>, C<o conf E<lt>scalar optionE<gt>
14527 E<lt>valueE<gt>>, C<o conf E<lt>list optionE<gt>>, C<o conf E<lt>list
14528 optionE<gt> [shift|pop]>, C<o conf E<lt>list optionE<gt>
14529 [unshift|push|splice] E<lt>listE<gt>>, interactive editing: o conf init
14532 =item CPAN::anycwd($path): Note on config variable getcwd
14534 cwd, getcwd, fastcwd, backtickcwd
14536 =item Note on the format of the urllist parameter
14538 =item The urllist parameter has CD-ROM support
14540 =item Maintaining the urllist parameter
14542 =item The C<requires> and C<build_requires> dependency declarations
14544 =item Configuration for individual distributions (I<Distroprefs>)
14548 =item Fallback Data::Dumper and Storable
14552 =item Language Specs
14554 comment [scalar], cpanconfig [hash], depends [hash] *** EXPERIMENTAL
14555 FEATURE ***, disabled [boolean], goto [string], install [hash], make
14556 [hash], match [hash], patches [array], pl [hash], test [hash]
14558 =item Processing Instructions
14560 args [array], commandline, eexpect [hash], env [hash], expect [array]
14562 =item Schema verification with C<Kwalify>
14564 =item Example Distroprefs Files
14568 =item PROGRAMMER'S INTERFACE
14570 expand($type,@things), expandany(@things), Programming Examples
14574 =item Methods in the other Classes
14576 CPAN::Author::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Author::as_string(),
14577 CPAN::Author::email(), CPAN::Author::fullname(), CPAN::Author::name(),
14578 CPAN::Bundle::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Bundle::as_string(),
14579 CPAN::Bundle::clean(), CPAN::Bundle::contains(),
14580 CPAN::Bundle::force($method,@args), CPAN::Bundle::get(),
14581 CPAN::Bundle::inst_file(), CPAN::Bundle::inst_version(),
14582 CPAN::Bundle::uptodate(), CPAN::Bundle::install(), CPAN::Bundle::make(),
14583 CPAN::Bundle::readme(), CPAN::Bundle::test(),
14584 CPAN::Distribution::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Distribution::as_string(),
14585 CPAN::Distribution::author, CPAN::Distribution::pretty_id(),
14586 CPAN::Distribution::base_id(), CPAN::Distribution::clean(),
14587 CPAN::Distribution::containsmods(), CPAN::Distribution::cvs_import(),
14588 CPAN::Distribution::dir(), CPAN::Distribution::force($method,@args),
14589 CPAN::Distribution::get(), CPAN::Distribution::install(),
14590 CPAN::Distribution::install_tested(), CPAN::Distribution::isa_perl(),
14591 CPAN::Distribution::is_tested(), CPAN::Distribution::look(),
14592 CPAN::Distribution::make(), CPAN::Distribution::perldoc(),
14593 CPAN::Distribution::prefs(), CPAN::Distribution::prereq_pm(),
14594 CPAN::Distribution::readme(), CPAN::Distribution::reports(),
14595 CPAN::Distribution::read_yaml(), CPAN::Distribution::test(),
14596 CPAN::Distribution::uptodate(), CPAN::Index::force_reload(),
14597 CPAN::Index::reload(), CPAN::InfoObj::dump(), CPAN::Module::as_glimpse(),
14598 CPAN::Module::as_string(), CPAN::Module::clean(),
14599 CPAN::Module::cpan_file(), CPAN::Module::cpan_version(),
14600 CPAN::Module::cvs_import(), CPAN::Module::description(),
14601 CPAN::Module::distribution(), CPAN::Module::dslip_status(),
14602 CPAN::Module::force($method,@args), CPAN::Module::get(),
14603 CPAN::Module::inst_file(), CPAN::Module::available_file(),
14604 CPAN::Module::inst_version(), CPAN::Module::available_version(),
14605 CPAN::Module::install(), CPAN::Module::look(), CPAN::Module::make(),
14606 CPAN::Module::manpage_headline(), CPAN::Module::perldoc(),
14607 CPAN::Module::readme(), CPAN::Module::reports(), CPAN::Module::test(),
14608 CPAN::Module::uptodate(), CPAN::Module::userid()
14610 =item Cache Manager
14616 =item PREREQUISITES
14622 =item Finding packages and VERSION
14626 o debug package.., o debug -package.., o debug all, o debug number
14628 =item Floppy, Zip, Offline Mode
14630 =item Basic Utilities for Programmers
14632 has_inst($module), has_usable($module), instance($module)
14640 =item Cryptographically signed modules
14648 =item POPULATE AN INSTALLATION WITH LOTS OF MODULES
14650 =item WORKING WITH CPAN.pm BEHIND FIREWALLS
14654 =item Three basic types of firewalls
14656 http firewall, ftp firewall, One way visibility, SOCKS, IP Masquerade
14658 =item Configuring lynx or ncftp for going through a firewall
14664 1), 2), 3), 4), 5), 6), 7), 8), 9), 10), 11), 12), 13), 14), 15), 16)
14666 =item COMPATIBILITY
14670 =item OLD PERL VERSIONS
14676 =item SECURITY ADVICE
14690 =head2 CPAN::API::HOWTO - a recipe book for programming with CPAN.pm
14698 =item What distribution contains a particular module?
14700 =item What modules does a particular distribution contain?
14712 =head2 CPAN::FirstTime - Utility for CPAN::Config file Initialization
14722 auto_commit, build_cache, build_dir, build_dir_reuse,
14723 build_requires_install_policy, cache_metadata, check_sigs, colorize_output,
14724 colorize_print, colorize_warn, colorize_debug, commandnumber_in_prompt,
14725 ftp_passive, getcwd, histfile, histsize, inactivity_timeout, index_expire,
14726 inhibit_startup_message, keep_source_where, load_module_verbosity,
14727 makepl_arg, make_arg, make_install_arg, make_install_make_command,
14728 mbuildpl_arg, mbuild_arg, mbuild_install_arg, mbuild_install_build_command,
14729 pager, prefer_installer, prefs_dir, prerequisites_policy,
14730 randomize_urllist, scan_cache, shell, show_unparsable_versions,
14731 show_upload_date, show_zero_versions, tar_verbosity, term_is_latin,
14732 term_ornaments, test_report, use_sqlite, yaml_load_code, yaml_module
14740 =head2 CPAN::Kwalify - Interface between CPAN.pm and Kwalify.pm
14748 _validate($schema_name, $data, $file, $doc), yaml($schema_name)
14756 =head2 CPAN::Version - utility functions to compare CPAN versions
14768 =head2 CPANPLUS - API & CLI access to the CPAN mirrors
14774 =item GUIDE TO DOCUMENTATION
14778 =item GENERAL USAGE
14780 =item API REFERENCE
14788 =item COMMANDLINE TOOLS
14792 =item STARTING AN INTERACTIVE SHELL
14794 =item BUILDING PACKAGES
14796 =item $bool = install( Module::Name | /A/AU/AUTHOR/Module-Name-1.tgz )
14798 =item $where = fetch( Module::Name | /A/AU/AUTHOR/Module-Name-1.tgz )
14800 =item $where = get( Module::Name | /A/AU/AUTHOR/Module-Name-1.tgz )
14816 =item CONTACT INFORMATION
14818 Bug reporting: I<bug-cpanplus@rt.cpan.org>, Questions & suggestions:
14819 I<cpanplus-devel@lists.sourceforge.net>
14823 =head2 CPANPLUS::Backend
14837 =item $cb = CPANPLUS::Backend->new( [CONFIGURE_OBJ] )
14839 Provide a valid C<CPANPLUS::Configure> object, No arguments
14847 =item $href = $cb->module_tree( [@modules_names_list] )
14853 =item $href = $cb->author_tree( [@author_names_list] )
14859 =item $conf = $cb->configure_object;
14865 =item $su = $cb->selfupdate_object;
14871 =item @mods = $cb->search( type => TYPE, allow => AREF, [data => AREF,
14878 =item $backend_rv = $cb->fetch( modules => \@mods )
14880 =item $backend_rv = $cb->extract( modules => \@mods )
14882 =item $backend_rv = $cb->install( modules => \@mods )
14884 =item $backend_rv = $cb->readme( modules => \@mods )
14886 =item $backend_rv = $cb->files( modules => \@mods )
14888 =item $backend_rv = $cb->distributions( modules => \@mods )
14894 =item $mod_obj = $cb->parse_module( module =>
14895 $modname|$distname|$modobj|URI )
14897 Text::Bastardize, Text-Bastardize, Text-Bastardize-1.06,
14898 AYRNIEU/Text-Bastardize, AYRNIEU/Text-Bastardize-1.06,
14899 AYRNIEU/Text-Bastardize-1.06.tar.gz,
14900 http://example.com/Text-Bastardize-1.06.tar.gz,
14901 file:///tmp/Text-Bastardize-1.06.tar.gz
14907 =item $bool = $cb->reload_indices( [update_source => BOOL, verbose => BOOL]
14914 =item $bool = $cb->flush(CACHE_NAME)
14916 C<methods>, C<hosts>, C<modules>, C<lib>, C<load>, C<all>
14922 =item @mods = $cb->installed()
14928 =item $bool = $cb->local_mirror([path => '/dir/to/save/to', index_files =>
14929 BOOL, force => BOOL, verbose => BOOL] )
14931 path, index_files, force, verbose
14937 =item $file = $cb->autobundle([path => OUTPUT_PATH, force => BOOL, verbose
14944 =item CUSTOM MODULE SOURCES
14948 =item %files = $cb->list_custom_sources
14956 =item $local_index = $cb->add_custom_source( uri => URI, [verbose => BOOL]
14963 =item $local_index = $cb->remove_custom_source( uri => URI, [verbose =>
14970 =item $bool = $cb->update_custom_source( [remote => URI] );
14976 =item $file = $cb->write_custom_source_index( path =>
14977 /path/to/package/root, [to => /path/to/index/file, verbose => BOOL] );
14993 =head2 CPANPLUS::Backend::RV
15005 =item new( ok => BOOL, args => DATA, rv => DATA, [function => $method_name]
15008 ok, args, rv, function
15024 =head2 CPANPLUS::Config
15030 =item CONFIGURATION
15036 =item Section 'conf'
15122 =head2 CPANPLUS::Configure
15134 =item $Configure = CPANPLUS::Configure->new( load_configs => BOOL )
15142 =item $bool = $Configure->init( [rescan => BOOL])
15148 =item can_save( [$config_location] )
15154 =item $file = $conf->save( [$package_name] )
15160 =item options( type => TYPE )
15170 =item get_SOMETHING( ITEM, [ITEM, ITEM, ... ] );
15172 =item set_SOMETHING( ITEM => VAL, [ITEM => VAL, ITEM => VAL, ... ] );
15174 =item add_SOMETHING( ITEM => VAL, [ITEM => VAL, ITEM => VAL, ... ] );
15176 set|get_conf, set|get_program, _set|_get_build, _set|_get_source,
15177 _set|_get_mirror, _set|_get_fetch
15195 =head2 CPANPLUS::Dist
15207 =item STATUS ACCESSORS
15209 created(), installed(), uninstalled(), dist()
15215 =item $dist = CPANPLUS::Dist->new( module => MODOBJ, [format => DIST_TYPE]
15222 =item @dists = CPANPLUS::Dist->dist_types;
15228 =item prereq_satisfied( modobj => $modobj, version => $version_spec )
15234 =item _resolve_prereqs
15238 =head2 CPANPLUS::Dist::Base - Base class for custom distribution classes
15254 =item $bool = $Class->format_available
15260 =item $bool = $dist->init
15266 =item $bool = $dist->prepare
15272 =item $bool = $dist->create
15278 =item $bool = $dist->install
15284 =item $bool = $dist->uninstall
15288 =head2 CPANPLUS::Dist::Build
15300 =item STATUS ACCESSORS
15302 build_pl (), build (), test (), prepared (), distdir (), created (),
15303 installed (), uninstalled (), _create_args (), _install_args (), _mb_object
15314 =item $bool = CPANPLUS::Dist::Build->format_available();
15322 =item $bool = $dist->init();
15328 =item $bool = $dist->prepare([perl => '/path/to/perl', buildflags =>
15329 'EXTRA=FLAGS', force => BOOL, verbose => BOOL])
15335 =item $dist->create([perl => '/path/to/perl', buildflags => 'EXTRA=FLAGS',
15336 prereq_target => TARGET, force => BOOL, verbose => BOOL, skiptest => BOOL])
15342 =item $dist->install([verbose => BOOL, perl => /path/to/perl])
15350 Module::Build can not be upgraded using its own API (#13169), Module::Build
15351 does not provide access to install history (#9793)
15359 =head2 CPANPLUS::Dist::MM
15369 =item STATUS ACCESSORS
15371 makefile (), make (), test (), prepared (), distdir (), created (),
15372 installed (), uninstalled (), _create_args (), _install_args ()
15382 =item $bool = $dist->format_available();
15390 =item $href = $dist->_find_prereqs( file => '/path/to/Makefile', [verbose
15397 =item $bool = $dist->create([perl => '/path/to/perl', make =>
15398 '/path/to/make', makeflags => 'EXTRA=FLAGS', prereq_target => TARGET,
15399 skiptest => BOOL, force => BOOL, verbose => BOOL])
15405 =item $bool = $dist->install([make => '/path/to/make', makemakerflags =>
15406 'EXTRA=FLAGS', force => BOOL, verbose => BOOL])
15412 =item $bool = $dist->write_makefile_pl([force => BOOL, verbose => BOOL])
15416 =head2 CPANPLUS::Dist::Sample -- Sample code to create your own Dist::*
15425 =head2 CPANPLUS::Error
15437 =item cp_msg("message string" [,VERBOSE])
15441 =item cp_error("error string" [,VERBOSE])
15447 =item CLASS METHODS
15451 =item CPANPLUS::Error->stack()
15453 =item CPANPLUS::Error->stack_as_string([TRACE])
15455 =item CPANPLUS::Error->flush()
15463 =item GLOBAL VARIABLES
15469 =head2 CPANPLUS::FAQ
15483 =head2 CPANPLUS::Hacking
15489 =item OBTAINING CPANPLUS
15491 =item INSTALLING CPANPLUS
15493 =item CONFIGURING CPANPLUS
15495 =item RUNNING CPANPLUS FROM DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENT
15497 =item RUNNING CPANPLUS TESTS
15501 Problem description, Program demonstrating the bug, [OPTIONAL] A patch to
15502 the test suite to test for the bug, [OPTIONAL] A patch to the code + tests
15505 =item SUPPLYING PATCHES
15507 In C<diff -u> or C<diff -c> format, From the root of the snapshot,
15508 Including patches for code + tests + docs, Sent per mail to
15509 cpanplus-devel@lists.sourceforge.net, With subject containing C<[PATCH]> +
15510 description of the patch
15514 =head2 CPANPLUS::Internals
15524 _conf, _id, _lib, _perl5lib
15534 =item $internals = CPANPLUS::Internals->_init( _conf => CONFIG_OBJ )
15542 =item $bool = $internals->_flush( list => \@caches )
15548 =item $bool = $internals->_register_callback( name => CALLBACK_NAME, code
15551 install_prerequisite, send_test_report, munge_test_report,
15552 edit_test_report, proceed_on_test_failure, munge_dist_metafile
15558 =item $bool = $internals->_add_to_includepath( directories => \@dirs )
15564 =item $id = CPANPLUS::Internals->_last_id
15566 =item $id = CPANPLUS::Internals->_store_id( $internals )
15568 =item $obj = CPANPLUS::Internals->_retrieve_id( $ID )
15570 =item CPANPLUS::Internals->_remove_id( $ID )
15572 =item @objs = CPANPLUS::Internals->_return_all_objects
15576 =head2 CPANPLUS::Internals::Extract
15586 =item $dir = _extract( module => $modobj, [perl => '/path/to/perl',
15587 extractdir => '/path/to/extract/to', prefer_bin => BOOL, verbose => BOOL,
15590 module, extractdir, prefer_bin, perl, verbose, force
15596 =head2 CPANPLUS::Internals::Fetch
15610 =item $path = _fetch( module => $modobj, [fetchdir => '/path/to/save/to',
15611 fetch_from => 'scheme://path/to/fetch/from', verbose => BOOL, force =>
15612 BOOL, prefer_bin => BOOL] )
15618 =item _add_fail_host( host => $host_hashref )
15620 =item _host_ok( host => $host_hashref )
15624 =head2 CPANPLUS::Internals::Report
15636 =item $bool = $cb->_have_query_report_modules
15638 =item $bool = $cb->_have_send_report_modules
15646 =item @list = $cb->_query_report( module => $modobj, [all_versions => BOOL,
15653 =item $bool = $cb->_send_report( module => $modobj, buffer => $make_output,
15654 failed => BOOL, [save => BOOL, address => $email_to, dontcc => BOOL,
15655 verbose => BOOL, force => BOOL]);
15657 module, buffer, failed, save, address, dontcc, verbose, force
15661 =head2 CPANPLUS::Internals::Search
15673 =item _search_module_tree( type => TYPE, allow => \@regexex, [data =>
15674 \@previous_results ] )
15684 =item _search_author_tree( type => TYPE, allow => \@regexex, [data =>
15685 \@previous_results ] )
15693 =item _all_installed()
15697 =head2 CPANPLUS::Internals::Source
15711 =item $cb->_check_trees( [update_source => BOOL, path => PATH, verbose =>
15714 update_source, path, verbose
15720 =item $cb->__check_uptodate( file => $file, name => $name, [update_source
15721 => BOOL, verbose => BOOL] )
15723 file, name, update_source, verbose
15729 =item $cb->_update_source( name => $name, [path => $path, verbose => BOOL]
15732 name, path, verbose
15738 =item $cb->_build_trees( uptodate => BOOL, [use_stored => BOOL, path =>
15739 $path, verbose => BOOL] )
15741 uptodate, path, verbose, use_stored
15747 =item $cb->__retrieve_source(name => $name, [path => $path, uptodate =>
15748 BOOL, verbose => BOOL])
15750 name, uptodate, path, verbose
15756 =item $cb->_save_source([verbose => BOOL, path => $path])
15764 =item $cb->__create_author_tree([path => $path, uptodate => BOOL, verbose
15767 uptodate, path, verbose
15773 =item $cb->_create_mod_tree([path => $path, uptodate => BOOL, verbose =>
15776 uptodate, path, verbose
15782 =item $cb->__create_dslip_tree([path => $path, uptodate => BOOL, verbose =>
15785 uptodate, path, verbose
15791 =item $cb->_dslip_defs ()
15797 =item $file = $cb->_add_custom_module_source( uri => URI, [verbose => BOOL]
15804 =item $index = $cb->__custom_module_source_index_file( uri => $uri );
15810 =item $file = $cb->_remove_custom_module_source( uri => URI, [verbose =>
15817 =item %files = $cb->__list_custom_module_sources
15823 =item $bool = $cb->__update_custom_module_sources( [verbose => BOOL] );
15829 =item $ok = $cb->__update_custom_module_source
15835 =item $bool = $cb->__write_custom_module_index( path => /path/to/packages,
15836 [to => /path/to/index/file, verbose => BOOL] )
15842 =item $bool = $cb->__create_custom_module_entries( [verbose => BOOL] )
15846 =head2 CPANPLUS::Internals::Utils
15858 =item $cb->_mkdir( dir => '/some/dir' )
15866 =item $cb->_chdir( dir => '/some/dir' )
15872 =item $cb->_rmdir( dir => '/some/dir' );
15878 =item $cb->_perl_version ( perl => 'some/perl/binary' );
15884 =item $cb->_version_to_number( version => $version );
15896 =item _get_file_contents( file => $file );
15902 =item $cb->_mode_plus_w( file => '/path/to/file' );
15908 =item $uri = $cb->_host_to_uri( scheme => SCHEME, host => HOST, path =>
15915 =item $cb->_vcmp( VERSION, VERSION );
15921 =item $cb->_home_dir
15927 =item $path = $cb->_safe_path( path => $path );
15933 =item ($pkg, $version, $ext) = $cb->_split_package_string( package =>
15938 =head2 CPANPLUS::Module
15950 =item CLASS METHODS
15964 name, module, version, path, comment, package, description, dslip
15968 status, author, parent
15972 =item STATUS ACCESSORS
15974 installer_type, dist_cpan, dist, prereqs, signature, extract, fetch,
15975 readme, uninstall, created, installed, checksums, checksum_ok,
15982 =item $self = CPANPLUS::Module::new( OPTIONS )
15990 =item $mod->package_name
15992 =item $mod->package_version
15994 =item $mod->package_extension
15996 =item $mod->package_is_perl_core
15998 =item $mod->module_is_supplied_with_perl_core( [version => $]] )
16000 =item $mod->is_bundle
16002 =item $mod->is_third_party
16004 =item $mod->third_party_information
16010 =item $clone = $self->clone
16016 =item $where = $self->fetch
16022 =item $path = $self->extract
16028 =item $type = $self->get_installer_type([prefer_makefile => BOOL])
16034 =item $dist = $self->dist([target => 'prepare|create', format =>
16035 DISTRIBUTION_TYPE, args => {key => val}]);
16041 =item $bool = $mod->prepare( )
16043 Convenience method around C<install()> that prepares a module
16044 without actually building it. This is equivalent to invoking C<install>
16045 with C<target> set to C<prepare>
16051 =item $bool = $mod->create( )
16057 =item $bool = $mod->test( )
16063 =item $bool = $self->install([ target => 'prepare|create|install', format
16064 => FORMAT_TYPE, extractdir => DIRECTORY, fetchdir => DIRECTORY, prefer_bin
16065 => BOOL, force => BOOL, verbose => BOOL, ..... ]);
16071 =item $text = $self->readme
16077 =item $version = $self->installed_version()
16079 =item $where = $self->installed_file()
16081 =item $bool = $self->is_uptodate([version => VERSION_NUMBER])
16087 =item $href = $self->details()
16093 =item @list = $self->contains()
16099 =item @list_of_hrefs = $self->fetch_report()
16105 =item $bool = $self->uninstall([type => [all|man|prog])
16111 =item @modobj = $self->distributions()
16117 =item @list = $self->files ()
16123 =item @list = $self->directory_tree ()
16129 =item @list = $self->packlist ()
16135 =item @list = $self->validate ()
16141 =item $bool = $self->add_to_includepath;
16143 =item $path = $self->best_path_to_module_build();
16157 =head2 CPANPLUS::Module::Author
16167 author, cpanid, email, parent
16177 =item $auth = CPANPLUS::Module::Author->new( author => AUTHOR_NAME, cpanid
16178 => CPAN_ID, _id => INTERNALS_ID [, email => AUTHOR_EMAIL] )
16186 =item @mod_objs = $auth->modules()
16192 =item @dists = $auth->distributions()
16198 =item CLASS METHODS
16208 =head2 CPANPLUS::Module::Author::Fake
16220 =item new( _id => DIGIT )
16226 =head2 CPANPLUS::Module::Checksums
16238 =item $mod->checksums
16244 =head2 CPANPLUS::Module::Fake
16256 =item new( module => $mod, path => $path, package => $pkg, [_id => DIGIT] )
16262 =head2 CPANPLUS::inc
16270 =head2 CPANPLUS::inc - runtime inclusion of privately bundled modules
16278 Put a coderef at the beginning of C<@INC>, Add the full path to the
16279 C<CPANPLUS/inc> directory to C<$ENV{PERL5LIB>
16285 =item CPANPLUS::inc->inc_path()
16287 =item CPANPLUS::inc->my_path()
16289 =item CPANPLUS::inc->installer_path()
16297 =item CPANPLUS::inc->original_perl5lib
16299 =item CPANPLUS::inc->original_perl5opt
16301 =item CPANPLUS::inc->original_inc
16303 =item CPANPLUS::inc->limited_perl5opt(@modules);
16309 =item CPANPLUS::inc->interesting_modules()
16315 =item INTERESTING MODULES
16317 Loop over your @INC, Check the version on every suitable module found in
16328 On multiple C<use lib> calls, our coderef may not be the first in @INC,
16329 Non-directories in @INC
16333 =head2 CPANPLUSelfupdate, CPANPLUS::Selfupdate
16347 =item $self = CPANPLUS::Selfupdate->new( $backend_object );
16355 =item %list = $self->list_modules_to_update( update =>
16356 "core|dependencies|enabled_features|features|all", [latest => BOOL] )
16358 List which modules C<selfupdate> would upgrade. You can update either
16359 the core (CPANPLUS itself), the core dependencies, all features you have
16360 currently turned on, or all features available, or everything.
16366 =item @features = $self->list_features
16372 =item @features = $self->list_enabled_features
16378 =item @mods = $self->modules_for_feature( FEATURE [,AS_HASH] )
16384 =item @mods = $self->list_core_dependencies( [AS_HASH] )
16390 =item @mods = $self->list_core_modules( [AS_HASH] )
16396 =item CPANPLUS::Selfupdate::Module
16402 =item $version = $mod->version_required
16408 =item $bool = $mod->is_installed_version_sufficient
16422 =head2 CPANPLUShell, CPANPLUS::Shell
16444 =head2 CPANPLUShell::Classic, CPANPLUS::Shell::Classic - CPAN.pm emulation
16467 =head2 CPANPLUShell::Default, CPANPLUS::Shell::Default
16489 =head2 CPANPLUShell::Default::Plugins::CustomSource,
16490 CPANPLUS::Shell::Default::Plugins::CustomSource
16496 ### elaborate help text
16497 CPAN Terminal> /? cs
16503 =head2 CPANPLUShell::Default::Plugins::HOWTO,
16504 CPANPLUS::Shell::Default::Plugins::HOWTO -- documentation on how to write
16515 =item Registering Plugin Modules
16517 =item Registering Plugin Commands
16519 =item Registering Plugin Help
16521 =item Arguments to Plugin Commands
16523 Classname -- The name of your plugin class, Shell -- The
16524 CPANPLUS::Shell::Default object, Backend -- The CPANPLUS::Backend object,
16525 Command -- The command issued by the user, Input -- The input string
16526 from the user, Options -- A hashref of options provided by the user
16540 =head2 CPANPLUShell::Default::Plugins::Remote,
16541 CPANPLUS::Shell::Default::Plugins::Remote
16563 =head2 CPANPLUShell::Default::Plugins::Source,
16564 CPANPLUS::Shell::Default::Plugins::Source
16586 =head2 CPANox, CPAN::Nox - Wrapper around CPAN.pm without using any XS
16601 =head2 Carp, carp - warn of errors (from perspective of caller)
16611 =item Forcing a Stack Trace
16615 =item GLOBAL VARIABLES
16619 =item $Carp::MaxEvalLen
16621 =item $Carp::MaxArgLen
16623 =item $Carp::MaxArgNums
16625 =item $Carp::Verbose
16627 =item %Carp::Internal
16629 =item %Carp::CarpInternal
16631 =item $Carp::CarpLevel
16639 =head2 Carp::Heavy - heavy machinery, no user serviceable parts inside
16641 =head2 Class::ISA -- report the search path for a class's ISA tree
16651 the function Class::ISA::super_path($CLASS), the function
16652 Class::ISA::self_and_super_path($CLASS), the function
16653 Class::ISA::self_and_super_versions($CLASS)
16655 =item CAUTIONARY NOTES
16663 =head2 Class::Struct - declare struct-like datatypes as Perl classes
16673 =item The C<struct()> function
16675 =item Class Creation at Compile Time
16677 =item Element Types and Accessor Methods
16679 Scalar (C<'$'> or C<'*$'>), Array (C<'@'> or C<'*@'>), Hash (C<'%'> or
16680 C<'*%'>), Class (C<'Class_Name'> or C<'*Class_Name'>)
16682 =item Initializing with C<new>
16688 Example 1, Example 2, Example 3
16690 =item Author and Modification History
16694 =head2 Compress::Raw::Zlib - Low-Level Interface to zlib compression
16703 =item Compress::Raw::Zlib::Deflate
16707 =item B<($d, $status) = new Compress::Raw::Zlib::Deflate( [OPT] ) >
16709 B<-Level>, B<-Method>, B<-WindowBits>, B<-MemLevel>, B<-Strategy>,
16710 B<-Dictionary>, B<-Bufsize>, B<-AppendOutput>, B<-CRC32>, B<-ADLER32>
16712 =item B<$status = $d-E<gt>deflate($input, $output)>
16714 =item B<$status = $d-E<gt>flush($output [, $flush_type]) >
16716 =item B<$status = $d-E<gt>deflateParams([OPT])>
16718 B<-Level>, B<-Strategy>, B<-BufSize>
16720 =item B<$status = $d-E<gt>deflateTune($good_length, $max_lazy,
16721 $nice_length, $max_chain)>
16723 =item B<$d-E<gt>dict_adler()>
16725 =item B<$d-E<gt>crc32()>
16727 =item B<$d-E<gt>adler32()>
16729 =item B<$d-E<gt>msg()>
16731 =item B<$d-E<gt>total_in()>
16733 =item B<$d-E<gt>total_out()>
16735 =item B<$d-E<gt>get_Strategy()>
16737 =item B<$d-E<gt>get_Level()>
16739 =item B<$d-E<gt>get_BufSize()>
16745 =item Compress::Raw::Zlib::Inflate
16749 =item B< ($i, $status) = new Compress::Raw::Zlib::Inflate( [OPT] ) >
16751 B<-WindowBits>, B<-Bufsize>, B<-Dictionary>, B<-AppendOutput>, B<-CRC32>,
16752 B<-ADLER32>, B<-ConsumeInput>
16754 =item B< $status = $i-E<gt>inflate($input, $output [,$eof]) >
16756 =item B<$status = $i-E<gt>inflateSync($input)>
16758 =item B<$i-E<gt>dict_adler()>
16760 =item B<$i-E<gt>crc32()>
16762 =item B<$i-E<gt>adler32()>
16764 =item B<$i-E<gt>msg()>
16766 =item B<$i-E<gt>total_in()>
16768 =item B<$i-E<gt>total_out()>
16770 =item B<$d-E<gt>get_BufSize()>
16776 =item CHECKSUM FUNCTIONS
16778 =item ACCESSING ZIP FILES
16786 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
16788 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
16792 =head2 Compress::Raw::Zlib::Compress::Raw::Zlib, Compress::Raw::Zlib -
16793 Low-Level Interface to zlib compression library
16801 =item Compress::Raw::Zlib::Deflate
16805 =item B<($d, $status) = new Compress::Raw::Zlib::Deflate( [OPT] ) >
16807 B<-Level>, B<-Method>, B<-WindowBits>, B<-MemLevel>, B<-Strategy>,
16808 B<-Dictionary>, B<-Bufsize>, B<-AppendOutput>, B<-CRC32>, B<-ADLER32>
16810 =item B<$status = $d-E<gt>deflate($input, $output)>
16812 =item B<$status = $d-E<gt>flush($output [, $flush_type]) >
16814 =item B<$status = $d-E<gt>deflateParams([OPT])>
16816 B<-Level>, B<-Strategy>, B<-BufSize>
16818 =item B<$status = $d-E<gt>deflateTune($good_length, $max_lazy,
16819 $nice_length, $max_chain)>
16821 =item B<$d-E<gt>dict_adler()>
16823 =item B<$d-E<gt>crc32()>
16825 =item B<$d-E<gt>adler32()>
16827 =item B<$d-E<gt>msg()>
16829 =item B<$d-E<gt>total_in()>
16831 =item B<$d-E<gt>total_out()>
16833 =item B<$d-E<gt>get_Strategy()>
16835 =item B<$d-E<gt>get_Level()>
16837 =item B<$d-E<gt>get_BufSize()>
16843 =item Compress::Raw::Zlib::Inflate
16847 =item B< ($i, $status) = new Compress::Raw::Zlib::Inflate( [OPT] ) >
16849 B<-WindowBits>, B<-Bufsize>, B<-Dictionary>, B<-AppendOutput>, B<-CRC32>,
16850 B<-ADLER32>, B<-ConsumeInput>
16852 =item B< $status = $i-E<gt>inflate($input, $output [,$eof]) >
16854 =item B<$status = $i-E<gt>inflateSync($input)>
16856 =item B<$i-E<gt>dict_adler()>
16858 =item B<$i-E<gt>crc32()>
16860 =item B<$i-E<gt>adler32()>
16862 =item B<$i-E<gt>msg()>
16864 =item B<$i-E<gt>total_in()>
16866 =item B<$i-E<gt>total_out()>
16868 =item B<$d-E<gt>get_BufSize()>
16874 =item CHECKSUM FUNCTIONS
16876 =item ACCESSING ZIP FILES
16884 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
16886 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
16890 =head2 Compress::Zlib - Interface to zlib compression library
16900 =item Notes for users of Compress::Zlib version 1
16904 =item GZIP INTERFACE
16906 B<$gz = gzopen($filename, $mode)>, B<$gz = gzopen($filehandle, $mode)>,
16907 B<$bytesread = $gz-E<gt>gzread($buffer [, $size]) ;>, B<$bytesread =
16908 $gz-E<gt>gzreadline($line) ;>, B<$byteswritten = $gz-E<gt>gzwrite($buffer)
16909 ;>, B<$status = $gz-E<gt>gzflush($flush_type) ;>, B<$offset =
16910 $gz-E<gt>gztell() ;>, B<$status = $gz-E<gt>gzseek($offset, $whence) ;>,
16911 B<$gz-E<gt>gzclose>, B<$gz-E<gt>gzsetparams($level, $strategy>, B<$level>,
16912 B<$strategy>, B<$gz-E<gt>gzerror>, B<$gzerrno>
16918 =item Compress::Zlib::memGzip
16920 =item Compress::Zlib::memGunzip
16924 =item COMPRESS/UNCOMPRESS
16926 B<$dest = compress($source [, $level] ) ;>, B<$dest = uncompress($source)
16929 =item Deflate Interface
16933 =item B<($d, $status) = deflateInit( [OPT] )>
16935 B<-Level>, B<-Method>, B<-WindowBits>, B<-MemLevel>, B<-Strategy>,
16936 B<-Dictionary>, B<-Bufsize>
16938 =item B<($out, $status) = $d-E<gt>deflate($buffer)>
16940 =item B<($out, $status) = $d-E<gt>flush([flush_type])>
16942 =item B<$status = $d-E<gt>deflateParams([OPT])>
16944 B<-Level>, B<-Strategy>
16946 =item B<$d-E<gt>dict_adler()>
16948 =item B<$d-E<gt>msg()>
16950 =item B<$d-E<gt>total_in()>
16952 =item B<$d-E<gt>total_out()>
16958 =item Inflate Interface
16962 =item B<($i, $status) = inflateInit()>
16964 B<-WindowBits>, B<-Bufsize>, B<-Dictionary>
16966 =item B<($out, $status) = $i-E<gt>inflate($buffer)>
16968 =item B<$status = $i-E<gt>inflateSync($buffer)>
16970 =item B<$i-E<gt>dict_adler()>
16972 =item B<$i-E<gt>msg()>
16974 =item B<$i-E<gt>total_in()>
16976 =item B<$i-E<gt>total_out()>
16982 =item CHECKSUM FUNCTIONS
16990 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
16992 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
16996 =head2 Compress::Zlib::Compress::Zlib, Compress::Zlib - Interface to zlib
16997 compression library
17007 =item Notes for users of Compress::Zlib version 1
17011 =item GZIP INTERFACE
17013 B<$gz = gzopen($filename, $mode)>, B<$gz = gzopen($filehandle, $mode)>,
17014 B<$bytesread = $gz-E<gt>gzread($buffer [, $size]) ;>, B<$bytesread =
17015 $gz-E<gt>gzreadline($line) ;>, B<$byteswritten = $gz-E<gt>gzwrite($buffer)
17016 ;>, B<$status = $gz-E<gt>gzflush($flush_type) ;>, B<$offset =
17017 $gz-E<gt>gztell() ;>, B<$status = $gz-E<gt>gzseek($offset, $whence) ;>,
17018 B<$gz-E<gt>gzclose>, B<$gz-E<gt>gzsetparams($level, $strategy>, B<$level>,
17019 B<$strategy>, B<$gz-E<gt>gzerror>, B<$gzerrno>
17025 =item Compress::Zlib::memGzip
17027 =item Compress::Zlib::memGunzip
17031 =item COMPRESS/UNCOMPRESS
17033 B<$dest = compress($source [, $level] ) ;>, B<$dest = uncompress($source)
17036 =item Deflate Interface
17040 =item B<($d, $status) = deflateInit( [OPT] )>
17042 B<-Level>, B<-Method>, B<-WindowBits>, B<-MemLevel>, B<-Strategy>,
17043 B<-Dictionary>, B<-Bufsize>
17045 =item B<($out, $status) = $d-E<gt>deflate($buffer)>
17047 =item B<($out, $status) = $d-E<gt>flush([flush_type])>
17049 =item B<$status = $d-E<gt>deflateParams([OPT])>
17051 B<-Level>, B<-Strategy>
17053 =item B<$d-E<gt>dict_adler()>
17055 =item B<$d-E<gt>msg()>
17057 =item B<$d-E<gt>total_in()>
17059 =item B<$d-E<gt>total_out()>
17065 =item Inflate Interface
17069 =item B<($i, $status) = inflateInit()>
17071 B<-WindowBits>, B<-Bufsize>, B<-Dictionary>
17073 =item B<($out, $status) = $i-E<gt>inflate($buffer)>
17075 =item B<$status = $i-E<gt>inflateSync($buffer)>
17077 =item B<$i-E<gt>dict_adler()>
17079 =item B<$i-E<gt>msg()>
17081 =item B<$i-E<gt>total_in()>
17083 =item B<$i-E<gt>total_out()>
17089 =item CHECKSUM FUNCTIONS
17097 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
17099 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
17103 =head2 Config - access Perl configuration information
17111 myconfig(), config_sh(), config_re($regex), config_vars(@names)
17123 C<_a>, C<_exe>, C<_o>
17127 C<afs>, C<afsroot>, C<alignbytes>, C<ansi2knr>, C<aphostname>,
17128 C<api_revision>, C<api_subversion>, C<api_version>, C<api_versionstring>,
17129 C<ar>, C<archlib>, C<archlibexp>, C<archname>, C<archname64>, C<archobjs>,
17130 C<asctime_r_proto>, C<awk>
17134 C<baserev>, C<bash>, C<bin>, C<binexp>, C<bison>, C<byacc>, C<byteorder>
17138 C<c>, C<castflags>, C<cat>, C<cc>, C<cccdlflags>, C<ccdlflags>, C<ccflags>,
17139 C<ccflags_uselargefiles>, C<ccname>, C<ccsymbols>, C<ccversion>, C<cf_by>,
17140 C<cf_email>, C<cf_time>, C<chgrp>, C<chmod>, C<chown>, C<clocktype>,
17141 C<comm>, C<compress>, C<contains>, C<cp>, C<cpio>, C<cpp>, C<cpp_stuff>,
17142 C<cppccsymbols>, C<cppflags>, C<cpplast>, C<cppminus>, C<cpprun>,
17143 C<cppstdin>, C<cppsymbols>, C<crypt_r_proto>, C<cryptlib>, C<csh>,
17144 C<ctermid_r_proto>, C<ctime_r_proto>
17148 C<d__fwalk>, C<d_access>, C<d_accessx>, C<d_aintl>, C<d_alarm>,
17149 C<d_archlib>, C<d_asctime_r>, C<d_atolf>, C<d_atoll>,
17150 C<d_attribute_format>, C<d_attribute_malloc>, C<d_attribute_nonnull>,
17151 C<d_attribute_noreturn>, C<d_attribute_pure>, C<d_attribute_unused>,
17152 C<d_attribute_warn_unused_result>, C<d_bcmp>, C<d_bcopy>, C<d_bsd>,
17153 C<d_bsdgetpgrp>, C<d_bsdsetpgrp>, C<d_builtin_choose_expr>,
17154 C<d_builtin_expect>, C<d_bzero>, C<d_c99_variadic_macros>, C<d_casti32>,
17155 C<d_castneg>, C<d_charvspr>, C<d_chown>, C<d_chroot>, C<d_chsize>,
17156 C<d_class>, C<d_clearenv>, C<d_closedir>, C<d_cmsghdr_s>, C<d_const>,
17157 C<d_copysignl>, C<d_cplusplus>, C<d_crypt>, C<d_crypt_r>, C<d_csh>,
17158 C<d_ctermid>, C<d_ctermid_r>, C<d_ctime_r>, C<d_cuserid>, C<d_dbl_dig>,
17159 C<d_dbminitproto>, C<d_difftime>, C<d_dir_dd_fd>, C<d_dirfd>,
17160 C<d_dirnamlen>, C<d_dlerror>, C<d_dlopen>, C<d_dlsymun>, C<d_dosuid>,
17161 C<d_drand48_r>, C<d_drand48proto>, C<d_dup2>, C<d_eaccess>, C<d_endgrent>,
17162 C<d_endgrent_r>, C<d_endhent>, C<d_endhostent_r>, C<d_endnent>,
17163 C<d_endnetent_r>, C<d_endpent>, C<d_endprotoent_r>, C<d_endpwent>,
17164 C<d_endpwent_r>, C<d_endsent>, C<d_endservent_r>, C<d_eofnblk>,
17165 C<d_eunice>, C<d_faststdio>, C<d_fchdir>, C<d_fchmod>, C<d_fchown>,
17166 C<d_fcntl>, C<d_fcntl_can_lock>, C<d_fd_macros>, C<d_fd_set>,
17167 C<d_fds_bits>, C<d_fgetpos>, C<d_finite>, C<d_finitel>, C<d_flexfnam>,
17168 C<d_flock>, C<d_flockproto>, C<d_fork>, C<d_fp_class>, C<d_fpathconf>,
17169 C<d_fpclass>, C<d_fpclassify>, C<d_fpclassl>, C<d_fpos64_t>, C<d_frexpl>,
17170 C<d_fs_data_s>, C<d_fseeko>, C<d_fsetpos>, C<d_fstatfs>, C<d_fstatvfs>,
17171 C<d_fsync>, C<d_ftello>, C<d_ftime>, C<d_futimes>, C<d_Gconvert>,
17172 C<d_getcwd>, C<d_getespwnam>, C<d_getfsstat>, C<d_getgrent>,
17173 C<d_getgrent_r>, C<d_getgrgid_r>, C<d_getgrnam_r>, C<d_getgrps>,
17174 C<d_gethbyaddr>, C<d_gethbyname>, C<d_gethent>, C<d_gethname>,
17175 C<d_gethostbyaddr_r>, C<d_gethostbyname_r>, C<d_gethostent_r>,
17176 C<d_gethostprotos>, C<d_getitimer>, C<d_getlogin>, C<d_getlogin_r>,
17177 C<d_getmnt>, C<d_getmntent>, C<d_getnbyaddr>, C<d_getnbyname>,
17178 C<d_getnent>, C<d_getnetbyaddr_r>, C<d_getnetbyname_r>, C<d_getnetent_r>,
17179 C<d_getnetprotos>, C<d_getpagsz>, C<d_getpbyname>, C<d_getpbynumber>,
17180 C<d_getpent>, C<d_getpgid>, C<d_getpgrp>, C<d_getpgrp2>, C<d_getppid>,
17181 C<d_getprior>, C<d_getprotobyname_r>, C<d_getprotobynumber_r>,
17182 C<d_getprotoent_r>, C<d_getprotoprotos>, C<d_getprpwnam>, C<d_getpwent>,
17183 C<d_getpwent_r>, C<d_getpwnam_r>, C<d_getpwuid_r>, C<d_getsbyname>,
17184 C<d_getsbyport>, C<d_getsent>, C<d_getservbyname_r>, C<d_getservbyport_r>,
17185 C<d_getservent_r>, C<d_getservprotos>, C<d_getspnam>, C<d_getspnam_r>,
17186 C<d_gettimeod>, C<d_gmtime_r>, C<d_gnulibc>, C<d_grpasswd>, C<d_hasmntopt>,
17187 C<d_htonl>, C<d_ilogbl>, C<d_inc_version_list>, C<d_index>, C<d_inetaton>,
17188 C<d_int64_t>, C<d_isascii>, C<d_isfinite>, C<d_isinf>, C<d_isnan>,
17189 C<d_isnanl>, C<d_killpg>, C<d_lchown>, C<d_ldbl_dig>,
17190 C<d_libm_lib_version>, C<d_link>, C<d_localtime_r>,
17191 C<d_localtime_r_needs_tzset>, C<d_locconv>, C<d_lockf>, C<d_longdbl>,
17192 C<d_longlong>, C<d_lseekproto>, C<d_lstat>, C<d_madvise>,
17193 C<d_malloc_good_size>, C<d_malloc_size>, C<d_mblen>, C<d_mbstowcs>,
17194 C<d_mbtowc>, C<d_memchr>, C<d_memcmp>, C<d_memcpy>, C<d_memmove>,
17195 C<d_memset>, C<d_mkdir>, C<d_mkdtemp>, C<d_mkfifo>, C<d_mkstemp>,
17196 C<d_mkstemps>, C<d_mktime>, C<d_mmap>, C<d_modfl>, C<d_modfl_pow32_bug>,
17197 C<d_modflproto>, C<d_mprotect>, C<d_msg>, C<d_msg_ctrunc>,
17198 C<d_msg_dontroute>, C<d_msg_oob>, C<d_msg_peek>, C<d_msg_proxy>,
17199 C<d_msgctl>, C<d_msgget>, C<d_msghdr_s>, C<d_msgrcv>, C<d_msgsnd>,
17200 C<d_msync>, C<d_munmap>, C<d_mymalloc>, C<d_nice>, C<d_nl_langinfo>,
17201 C<d_nv_preserves_uv>, C<d_nv_zero_is_allbits_zero>, C<d_off64_t>,
17202 C<d_old_pthread_create_joinable>, C<d_oldpthreads>, C<d_oldsock>,
17203 C<d_open3>, C<d_pathconf>, C<d_pause>, C<d_perl_otherlibdirs>,
17204 C<d_phostname>, C<d_pipe>, C<d_poll>, C<d_portable>, C<d_PRId64>,
17205 C<d_PRIeldbl>, C<d_PRIEUldbl>, C<d_PRIfldbl>, C<d_PRIFUldbl>,
17206 C<d_PRIgldbl>, C<d_PRIGUldbl>, C<d_PRIi64>, C<d_printf_format_null>,
17207 C<d_PRIo64>, C<d_PRIu64>, C<d_PRIx64>, C<d_PRIXU64>, C<d_procselfexe>,
17208 C<d_pseudofork>, C<d_pthread_atfork>, C<d_pthread_attr_setscope>,
17209 C<d_pthread_yield>, C<d_pwage>, C<d_pwchange>, C<d_pwclass>,
17210 C<d_pwcomment>, C<d_pwexpire>, C<d_pwgecos>, C<d_pwpasswd>, C<d_pwquota>,
17211 C<d_qgcvt>, C<d_quad>, C<d_random_r>, C<d_readdir>, C<d_readdir64_r>,
17212 C<d_readdir_r>, C<d_readlink>, C<d_readv>, C<d_recvmsg>, C<d_rename>,
17213 C<d_rewinddir>, C<d_rmdir>, C<d_safebcpy>, C<d_safemcpy>, C<d_sanemcmp>,
17214 C<d_sbrkproto>, C<d_scalbnl>, C<d_sched_yield>, C<d_scm_rights>,
17215 C<d_SCNfldbl>, C<d_seekdir>, C<d_select>, C<d_sem>, C<d_semctl>,
17216 C<d_semctl_semid_ds>, C<d_semctl_semun>, C<d_semget>, C<d_semop>,
17217 C<d_sendmsg>, C<d_setegid>, C<d_seteuid>, C<d_setgrent>, C<d_setgrent_r>,
17218 C<d_setgrps>, C<d_sethent>, C<d_sethostent_r>, C<d_setitimer>,
17219 C<d_setlinebuf>, C<d_setlocale>, C<d_setlocale_r>, C<d_setnent>,
17220 C<d_setnetent_r>, C<d_setpent>, C<d_setpgid>, C<d_setpgrp>, C<d_setpgrp2>,
17221 C<d_setprior>, C<d_setproctitle>, C<d_setprotoent_r>, C<d_setpwent>,
17222 C<d_setpwent_r>, C<d_setregid>, C<d_setresgid>, C<d_setresuid>,
17223 C<d_setreuid>, C<d_setrgid>, C<d_setruid>, C<d_setsent>, C<d_setservent_r>,
17224 C<d_setsid>, C<d_setvbuf>, C<d_sfio>, C<d_shm>, C<d_shmat>,
17225 C<d_shmatprototype>, C<d_shmctl>, C<d_shmdt>, C<d_shmget>, C<d_sigaction>,
17226 C<d_signbit>, C<d_sigprocmask>, C<d_sigsetjmp>, C<d_sitearch>,
17227 C<d_snprintf>, C<d_sockatmark>, C<d_sockatmarkproto>, C<d_socket>,
17228 C<d_socklen_t>, C<d_sockpair>, C<d_socks5_init>,
17229 C<d_sprintf_returns_strlen>, C<d_sqrtl>, C<d_srand48_r>, C<d_srandom_r>,
17230 C<d_sresgproto>, C<d_sresuproto>, C<d_statblks>, C<d_statfs_f_flags>,
17231 C<d_statfs_s>, C<d_statvfs>, C<d_stdio_cnt_lval>, C<d_stdio_ptr_lval>,
17232 C<d_stdio_ptr_lval_nochange_cnt>, C<d_stdio_ptr_lval_sets_cnt>,
17233 C<d_stdio_stream_array>, C<d_stdiobase>, C<d_stdstdio>, C<d_strchr>,
17234 C<d_strcoll>, C<d_strctcpy>, C<d_strerrm>, C<d_strerror>, C<d_strerror_r>,
17235 C<d_strftime>, C<d_strlcat>, C<d_strlcpy>, C<d_strtod>, C<d_strtol>,
17236 C<d_strtold>, C<d_strtoll>, C<d_strtoq>, C<d_strtoul>, C<d_strtoull>,
17237 C<d_strtouq>, C<d_strxfrm>, C<d_suidsafe>, C<d_symlink>, C<d_syscall>,
17238 C<d_syscallproto>, C<d_sysconf>, C<d_sysernlst>, C<d_syserrlst>,
17239 C<d_system>, C<d_tcgetpgrp>, C<d_tcsetpgrp>, C<d_telldir>,
17240 C<d_telldirproto>, C<d_time>, C<d_times>, C<d_tm_tm_gmtoff>,
17241 C<d_tm_tm_zone>, C<d_tmpnam_r>, C<d_truncate>, C<d_ttyname_r>, C<d_tzname>,
17242 C<d_u32align>, C<d_ualarm>, C<d_umask>, C<d_uname>, C<d_union_semun>,
17243 C<d_unordered>, C<d_unsetenv>, C<d_usleep>, C<d_usleepproto>, C<d_ustat>,
17244 C<d_vendorarch>, C<d_vendorbin>, C<d_vendorlib>, C<d_vendorscript>,
17245 C<d_vfork>, C<d_void_closedir>, C<d_voidsig>, C<d_voidtty>, C<d_volatile>,
17246 C<d_vprintf>, C<d_vsnprintf>, C<d_wait4>, C<d_waitpid>, C<d_wcstombs>,
17247 C<d_wctomb>, C<d_writev>, C<d_xenix>, C<date>, C<db_hashtype>,
17248 C<db_prefixtype>, C<db_version_major>, C<db_version_minor>,
17249 C<db_version_patch>, C<defvoidused>, C<direntrytype>, C<dlext>, C<dlsrc>,
17250 C<doublesize>, C<drand01>, C<drand48_r_proto>, C<dynamic_ext>
17254 C<eagain>, C<ebcdic>, C<echo>, C<egrep>, C<emacs>, C<endgrent_r_proto>,
17255 C<endhostent_r_proto>, C<endnetent_r_proto>, C<endprotoent_r_proto>,
17256 C<endpwent_r_proto>, C<endservent_r_proto>, C<eunicefix>, C<exe_ext>,
17257 C<expr>, C<extensions>, C<extras>
17261 C<fflushall>, C<fflushNULL>, C<find>, C<firstmakefile>, C<flex>,
17262 C<fpossize>, C<fpostype>, C<freetype>, C<from>, C<full_ar>, C<full_csh>,
17267 C<gccansipedantic>, C<gccosandvers>, C<gccversion>, C<getgrent_r_proto>,
17268 C<getgrgid_r_proto>, C<getgrnam_r_proto>, C<gethostbyaddr_r_proto>,
17269 C<gethostbyname_r_proto>, C<gethostent_r_proto>, C<getlogin_r_proto>,
17270 C<getnetbyaddr_r_proto>, C<getnetbyname_r_proto>, C<getnetent_r_proto>,
17271 C<getprotobyname_r_proto>, C<getprotobynumber_r_proto>,
17272 C<getprotoent_r_proto>, C<getpwent_r_proto>, C<getpwnam_r_proto>,
17273 C<getpwuid_r_proto>, C<getservbyname_r_proto>, C<getservbyport_r_proto>,
17274 C<getservent_r_proto>, C<getspnam_r_proto>, C<gidformat>, C<gidsign>,
17275 C<gidsize>, C<gidtype>, C<glibpth>, C<gmake>, C<gmtime_r_proto>,
17276 C<gnulibc_version>, C<grep>, C<groupcat>, C<groupstype>, C<gzip>
17280 C<h_fcntl>, C<h_sysfile>, C<hint>, C<hostcat>, C<html1dir>, C<html1direxp>,
17281 C<html3dir>, C<html3direxp>
17285 C<i16size>, C<i16type>, C<i32size>, C<i32type>, C<i64size>, C<i64type>,
17286 C<i8size>, C<i8type>, C<i_arpainet>, C<i_bsdioctl>, C<i_crypt>, C<i_db>,
17287 C<i_dbm>, C<i_dirent>, C<i_dld>, C<i_dlfcn>, C<i_fcntl>, C<i_float>,
17288 C<i_fp>, C<i_fp_class>, C<i_gdbm>, C<i_grp>, C<i_ieeefp>, C<i_inttypes>,
17289 C<i_langinfo>, C<i_libutil>, C<i_limits>, C<i_locale>, C<i_machcthr>,
17290 C<i_malloc>, C<i_math>, C<i_memory>, C<i_mntent>, C<i_ndbm>, C<i_netdb>,
17291 C<i_neterrno>, C<i_netinettcp>, C<i_niin>, C<i_poll>, C<i_prot>,
17292 C<i_pthread>, C<i_pwd>, C<i_rpcsvcdbm>, C<i_sfio>, C<i_sgtty>, C<i_shadow>,
17293 C<i_socks>, C<i_stdarg>, C<i_stddef>, C<i_stdlib>, C<i_string>,
17294 C<i_sunmath>, C<i_sysaccess>, C<i_sysdir>, C<i_sysfile>, C<i_sysfilio>,
17295 C<i_sysin>, C<i_sysioctl>, C<i_syslog>, C<i_sysmman>, C<i_sysmode>,
17296 C<i_sysmount>, C<i_sysndir>, C<i_sysparam>, C<i_sysresrc>, C<i_syssecrt>,
17297 C<i_sysselct>, C<i_syssockio>, C<i_sysstat>, C<i_sysstatfs>,
17298 C<i_sysstatvfs>, C<i_systime>, C<i_systimek>, C<i_systimes>, C<i_systypes>,
17299 C<i_sysuio>, C<i_sysun>, C<i_sysutsname>, C<i_sysvfs>, C<i_syswait>,
17300 C<i_termio>, C<i_termios>, C<i_time>, C<i_unistd>, C<i_ustat>, C<i_utime>,
17301 C<i_values>, C<i_varargs>, C<i_varhdr>, C<i_vfork>,
17302 C<ignore_versioned_solibs>, C<inc_version_list>, C<inc_version_list_init>,
17303 C<incpath>, C<inews>, C<initialinstalllocation>, C<installarchlib>,
17304 C<installbin>, C<installhtml1dir>, C<installhtml3dir>, C<installman1dir>,
17305 C<installman3dir>, C<installprefix>, C<installprefixexp>,
17306 C<installprivlib>, C<installscript>, C<installsitearch>, C<installsitebin>,
17307 C<installsitehtml1dir>, C<installsitehtml3dir>, C<installsitelib>,
17308 C<installsiteman1dir>, C<installsiteman3dir>, C<installsitescript>,
17309 C<installstyle>, C<installusrbinperl>, C<installvendorarch>,
17310 C<installvendorbin>, C<installvendorhtml1dir>, C<installvendorhtml3dir>,
17311 C<installvendorlib>, C<installvendorman1dir>, C<installvendorman3dir>,
17312 C<installvendorscript>, C<intsize>, C<issymlink>, C<ivdformat>, C<ivsize>,
17317 C<known_extensions>, C<ksh>
17321 C<ld>, C<lddlflags>, C<ldflags>, C<ldflags_uselargefiles>, C<ldlibpthname>,
17322 C<less>, C<lib_ext>, C<libc>, C<libperl>, C<libpth>, C<libs>, C<libsdirs>,
17323 C<libsfiles>, C<libsfound>, C<libspath>, C<libswanted>,
17324 C<libswanted_uselargefiles>, C<line>, C<lint>, C<lkflags>, C<ln>, C<lns>,
17325 C<localtime_r_proto>, C<locincpth>, C<loclibpth>, C<longdblsize>,
17326 C<longlongsize>, C<longsize>, C<lp>, C<lpr>, C<ls>, C<lseeksize>,
17331 C<mad>, C<madlyh>, C<madlyobj>, C<madlysrc>, C<mail>, C<mailx>, C<make>,
17332 C<make_set_make>, C<mallocobj>, C<mallocsrc>, C<malloctype>, C<man1dir>,
17333 C<man1direxp>, C<man1ext>, C<man3dir>, C<man3direxp>, C<man3ext>
17337 C<Mcc>, C<mips_type>, C<mistrustnm>, C<mkdir>, C<mmaptype>, C<modetype>,
17338 C<more>, C<multiarch>, C<mv>, C<myarchname>, C<mydomain>, C<myhostname>,
17343 C<n>, C<need_va_copy>, C<netdb_hlen_type>, C<netdb_host_type>,
17344 C<netdb_name_type>, C<netdb_net_type>, C<nm>, C<nm_opt>, C<nm_so_opt>,
17345 C<nonxs_ext>, C<nroff>, C<nv_preserves_uv_bits>, C<nveformat>,
17346 C<nvEUformat>, C<nvfformat>, C<nvFUformat>, C<nvgformat>, C<nvGUformat>,
17347 C<nvsize>, C<nvtype>
17351 C<o_nonblock>, C<obj_ext>, C<old_pthread_create_joinable>, C<optimize>,
17352 C<orderlib>, C<osname>, C<osvers>, C<otherlibdirs>
17356 C<package>, C<pager>, C<passcat>, C<patchlevel>, C<path_sep>, C<perl>,
17361 C<PERL_API_REVISION>, C<PERL_API_SUBVERSION>, C<PERL_API_VERSION>,
17362 C<PERL_CONFIG_SH>, C<PERL_PATCHLEVEL>, C<perl_patchlevel>,
17363 C<PERL_REVISION>, C<PERL_SUBVERSION>, C<PERL_VERSION>, C<perladmin>,
17364 C<perllibs>, C<perlpath>, C<pg>, C<phostname>, C<pidtype>, C<plibpth>,
17365 C<pmake>, C<pr>, C<prefix>, C<prefixexp>, C<privlib>, C<privlibexp>,
17366 C<procselfexe>, C<prototype>, C<ptrsize>
17370 C<quadkind>, C<quadtype>
17374 C<randbits>, C<randfunc>, C<random_r_proto>, C<randseedtype>, C<ranlib>,
17375 C<rd_nodata>, C<readdir64_r_proto>, C<readdir_r_proto>, C<revision>, C<rm>,
17376 C<rm_try>, C<rmail>, C<run>, C<runnm>
17380 C<sched_yield>, C<scriptdir>, C<scriptdirexp>, C<sed>, C<seedfunc>,
17381 C<selectminbits>, C<selecttype>, C<sendmail>, C<setgrent_r_proto>,
17382 C<sethostent_r_proto>, C<setlocale_r_proto>, C<setnetent_r_proto>,
17383 C<setprotoent_r_proto>, C<setpwent_r_proto>, C<setservent_r_proto>, C<sh>,
17384 C<shar>, C<sharpbang>, C<shmattype>, C<shortsize>, C<shrpenv>, C<shsharp>,
17385 C<sig_count>, C<sig_name>, C<sig_name_init>, C<sig_num>, C<sig_num_init>,
17386 C<sig_size>, C<signal_t>, C<sitearch>, C<sitearchexp>, C<sitebin>,
17387 C<sitebinexp>, C<sitehtml1dir>, C<sitehtml1direxp>, C<sitehtml3dir>,
17388 C<sitehtml3direxp>, C<sitelib>, C<sitelib_stem>, C<sitelibexp>,
17389 C<siteman1dir>, C<siteman1direxp>, C<siteman3dir>, C<siteman3direxp>,
17390 C<siteprefix>, C<siteprefixexp>, C<sitescript>, C<sitescriptexp>,
17391 C<sizesize>, C<sizetype>, C<sleep>, C<smail>, C<so>, C<sockethdr>,
17392 C<socketlib>, C<socksizetype>, C<sort>, C<spackage>, C<spitshell>,
17393 C<sPRId64>, C<sPRIeldbl>, C<sPRIEUldbl>, C<sPRIfldbl>, C<sPRIFUldbl>,
17394 C<sPRIgldbl>, C<sPRIGUldbl>, C<sPRIi64>, C<sPRIo64>, C<sPRIu64>,
17395 C<sPRIx64>, C<sPRIXU64>, C<srand48_r_proto>, C<srandom_r_proto>, C<src>,
17396 C<sSCNfldbl>, C<ssizetype>, C<startperl>, C<startsh>, C<static_ext>,
17397 C<stdchar>, C<stdio_base>, C<stdio_bufsiz>, C<stdio_cnt>, C<stdio_filbuf>,
17398 C<stdio_ptr>, C<stdio_stream_array>, C<strerror_r_proto>, C<strings>,
17399 C<submit>, C<subversion>, C<sysman>
17403 C<tail>, C<tar>, C<targetarch>, C<tbl>, C<tee>, C<test>, C<timeincl>,
17404 C<timetype>, C<tmpnam_r_proto>, C<to>, C<touch>, C<tr>, C<trnl>, C<troff>,
17409 C<u16size>, C<u16type>, C<u32size>, C<u32type>, C<u64size>, C<u64type>,
17410 C<u8size>, C<u8type>, C<uidformat>, C<uidsign>, C<uidsize>, C<uidtype>,
17411 C<uname>, C<uniq>, C<uquadtype>, C<use5005threads>, C<use64bitall>,
17412 C<use64bitint>, C<usecrosscompile>, C<usedl>, C<usefaststdio>,
17413 C<useithreads>, C<uselargefiles>, C<uselongdouble>, C<usemallocwrap>,
17414 C<usemorebits>, C<usemultiplicity>, C<usemymalloc>, C<usenm>, C<useopcode>,
17415 C<useperlio>, C<useposix>, C<usereentrant>, C<userelocatableinc>,
17416 C<usesfio>, C<useshrplib>, C<usesitecustomize>, C<usesocks>, C<usethreads>,
17417 C<usevendorprefix>, C<usevfork>, C<usrinc>, C<uuname>, C<uvoformat>,
17418 C<uvsize>, C<uvtype>, C<uvuformat>, C<uvxformat>, C<uvXUformat>
17422 C<vendorarch>, C<vendorarchexp>, C<vendorbin>, C<vendorbinexp>,
17423 C<vendorhtml1dir>, C<vendorhtml1direxp>, C<vendorhtml3dir>,
17424 C<vendorhtml3direxp>, C<vendorlib>, C<vendorlib_stem>, C<vendorlibexp>,
17425 C<vendorman1dir>, C<vendorman1direxp>, C<vendorman3dir>,
17426 C<vendorman3direxp>, C<vendorprefix>, C<vendorprefixexp>, C<vendorscript>,
17427 C<vendorscriptexp>, C<version>, C<version_patchlevel_string>,
17428 C<versiononly>, C<vi>, C<voidflags>
17436 C<yacc>, C<yaccflags>
17454 dynamic, nonxs, static
17460 =head2 Cwd - get pathname of current working directory
17470 =item getcwd and friends
17472 getcwd, cwd, fastcwd, fastgetcwd, getdcwd
17474 =item abs_path and friends
17476 abs_path, realpath, fast_abs_path
17492 =head2 DB - programmatic interface to the Perl debugging API
17502 =item Global Variables
17504 $DB::sub, %DB::sub, $DB::single, $DB::signal, $DB::trace, @DB::args,
17505 @DB::dbline, %DB::dbline, $DB::package, $DB::filename, $DB::subname,
17510 CLIENT->register(), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->skippkg('D::hide'),
17511 CLIENT->run(), CLIENT->step(), CLIENT->next(), CLIENT->done()
17513 =item Client Callback Methods
17515 CLIENT->init(), CLIENT->prestop([STRING]), CLIENT->stop(), CLIENT->idle(),
17516 CLIENT->poststop([STRING]), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->cleanup(),
17517 CLIENT->output(LIST)
17527 =head2 DBM_Filter -- Filter DBM keys/values
17535 =item What is a DBM Filter?
17539 =item So what's new?
17547 =item $db->Filter_Push()
17549 =item $db->Filter_Key_Push()
17551 =item $db->Filter_Value_Push()
17553 Filter_Push, Filter_Key_Push, Filter_Value_Push
17555 =item $db->Filter_Pop()
17557 =item $db->Filtered()
17561 =item Writing a Filter
17565 =item Immediate Filters
17567 =item Canned Filters
17573 =item Filters Included
17575 utf8, encode, compress, int32, null
17581 =item Maintain Round Trip Integrity
17583 =item Don't mix filtered & non-filtered data in the same database file.
17595 =head2 DBM_Filter::compress - filter for DBM_Filter
17609 =head2 DBM_Filter::encode - filter for DBM_Filter
17623 =head2 DBM_Filter::int32 - filter for DBM_Filter
17637 =head2 DBM_Filter::null - filter for DBM_Filter
17651 =head2 DBM_Filter::utf8 - filter for DBM_Filter
17665 =head2 DB_File - Perl5 access to Berkeley DB version 1.x
17673 B<DB_HASH>, B<DB_BTREE>, B<DB_RECNO>
17677 =item Using DB_File with Berkeley DB version 2 or greater
17679 =item Interface to Berkeley DB
17681 =item Opening a Berkeley DB Database File
17683 =item Default Parameters
17685 =item In Memory Databases
17693 =item A Simple Example
17701 =item Changing the BTREE sort order
17703 =item Handling Duplicate Keys
17705 =item The get_dup() Method
17707 =item The find_dup() Method
17709 =item The del_dup() Method
17711 =item Matching Partial Keys
17719 =item The 'bval' Option
17721 =item A Simple Example
17723 =item Extra RECNO Methods
17725 B<$X-E<gt>push(list) ;>, B<$value = $X-E<gt>pop ;>, B<$X-E<gt>shift>,
17726 B<$X-E<gt>unshift(list) ;>, B<$X-E<gt>length>, B<$X-E<gt>splice(offset,
17727 length, elements);>
17729 =item Another Example
17733 =item THE API INTERFACE
17735 B<$status = $X-E<gt>get($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status =
17736 $X-E<gt>put($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>del($key [,
17737 $flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>fd ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>seq($key,
17738 $value, $flags) ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>sync([$flags]) ;>
17742 B<filter_store_key>, B<filter_store_value>, B<filter_fetch_key>,
17743 B<filter_fetch_value>
17749 =item An Example -- the NULL termination problem.
17751 =item Another Example -- Key is a C int.
17755 =item HINTS AND TIPS
17759 =item Locking: The Trouble with fd
17761 =item Safe ways to lock a database
17763 B<Tie::DB_Lock>, B<Tie::DB_LockFile>, B<DB_File::Lock>
17765 =item Sharing Databases With C Applications
17767 =item The untie() Gotcha
17771 =item COMMON QUESTIONS
17775 =item Why is there Perl source in my database?
17777 =item How do I store complex data structures with DB_File?
17779 =item What does "Invalid Argument" mean?
17781 =item What does "Bareword 'DB_File' not allowed" mean?
17801 =head2 Data::Dumper - stringified perl data structures, suitable for both
17802 printing and C<eval>
17814 I<PACKAGE>->new(I<ARRAYREF [>, I<ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Dump I<or>
17815 I<PACKAGE>->Dump(I<ARRAYREF [>, I<ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Seen(I<[HASHREF]>),
17816 I<$OBJ>->Values(I<[ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Names(I<[ARRAYREF]>),
17823 =item Configuration Variables or Methods
17849 =head2 Devel::DProf - a Perl code profiler
17857 =item PROFILE FORMAT
17869 =head2 Devel::InnerPackage - find all the inner packages of a package
17881 =item list_packages <package name>
17897 =head2 Devel::PPPort - Perl/Pollution/Portability
17907 =item Why use ppport.h?
17909 =item How to use ppport.h
17911 =item Running ppport.h
17923 =item COMPATIBILITY
17927 =item Provided Perl compatibility API
17929 =item Perl API not supported by ppport.h
17931 perl 5.9.5, perl 5.9.4, perl 5.9.3, perl 5.9.2, perl 5.9.1, perl 5.9.0,
17932 perl 5.8.3, perl 5.8.1, perl 5.8.0, perl 5.7.3, perl 5.7.2, perl 5.7.1,
17933 perl 5.6.1, perl 5.6.0, perl 5.005_03, perl 5.005, perl 5.004_05, perl
17948 =head2 Devel::Peek - A data debugging tool for the XS programmer
17958 =item Runtime debugging
17960 =item Memory footprint debugging
17968 =item A simple scalar string
17970 =item A simple scalar number
17972 =item A simple scalar with an extra reference
17974 =item A reference to a simple scalar
17976 =item A reference to an array
17978 =item A reference to a hash
17980 =item Dumping a large array or hash
17982 =item A reference to an SV which holds a C pointer
17984 =item A reference to a subroutine
17998 =head2 Devel::SelfStubber - generate stubs for a SelfLoading module
18008 =head2 Digest - Modules that calculate message digests
18016 I<binary>, I<hex>, I<base64>
18020 $ctx = Digest->XXX($arg,...), $ctx = Digest->new(XXX => $arg,...), $ctx =
18021 Digest::XXX->new($arg,...), $other_ctx = $ctx->clone, $ctx->reset,
18022 $ctx->add( $data ), $ctx->add( $chunk1, $chunk2, ... ), $ctx->addfile(
18023 $io_handle ), $ctx->add_bits( $data, $nbits ), $ctx->add_bits( $bitstring
18024 ), $ctx->digest, $ctx->hexdigest, $ctx->b64digest
18034 =head2 Digest::MD5 - Perl interface to the MD5 Algorithm
18044 md5($data,...), md5_hex($data,...), md5_base64($data,...)
18048 $md5 = Digest::MD5->new, $md5->reset, $md5->clone, $md5->add($data,...),
18049 $md5->addfile($io_handle), $md5->add_bits($data, $nbits),
18050 $md5->add_bits($bitstring), $md5->digest, $md5->hexdigest, $md5->b64digest
18062 =head2 Digest::SHA - Perl extension for SHA-1/224/256/384/512
18068 =item SYNOPSIS (HMAC-SHA)
18074 =item NIST STATEMENT ON SHA-1
18076 =item PADDING OF BASE64 DIGESTS
18080 =item EXPORTABLE FUNCTIONS
18082 B<sha1($data, ...)>, B<sha224($data, ...)>, B<sha256($data, ...)>,
18083 B<sha384($data, ...)>, B<sha512($data, ...)>, B<sha1_hex($data, ...)>,
18084 B<sha224_hex($data, ...)>, B<sha256_hex($data, ...)>, B<sha384_hex($data,
18085 ...)>, B<sha512_hex($data, ...)>, B<sha1_base64($data, ...)>,
18086 B<sha224_base64($data, ...)>, B<sha256_base64($data, ...)>,
18087 B<sha384_base64($data, ...)>, B<sha512_base64($data, ...)>, B<new($alg)>,
18088 B<reset($alg)>, B<hashsize>, B<algorithm>, B<clone>, B<add($data, ...)>,
18089 B<add_bits($data, $nbits)>, B<add_bits($bits)>, B<addfile(*FILE)>,
18090 B<addfile($filename [, $mode])>, B<dump($filename)>, B<load($filename)>,
18091 B<digest>, B<hexdigest>, B<b64digest>, B<hmac_sha1($data, $key)>,
18092 B<hmac_sha224($data, $key)>, B<hmac_sha256($data, $key)>,
18093 B<hmac_sha384($data, $key)>, B<hmac_sha512($data, $key)>,
18094 B<hmac_sha1_hex($data, $key)>, B<hmac_sha224_hex($data, $key)>,
18095 B<hmac_sha256_hex($data, $key)>, B<hmac_sha384_hex($data, $key)>,
18096 B<hmac_sha512_hex($data, $key)>, B<hmac_sha1_base64($data, $key)>,
18097 B<hmac_sha224_base64($data, $key)>, B<hmac_sha256_base64($data, $key)>,
18098 B<hmac_sha384_base64($data, $key)>, B<hmac_sha512_base64($data, $key)>
18104 =item ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
18106 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
18110 =head2 Digest::base - Digest base class
18122 =head2 Digest::file - Calculate digests of files
18130 digest_file( $file, $algorithm, [$arg,...] ), digest_file_hex( $file,
18131 $algorithm, [$arg,...] ), digest_file_base64( $file, $algorithm, [$arg,...]
18138 =head2 DirHandle - supply object methods for directory handles
18150 =head2 Dumpvalue - provides screen dump of Perl data.
18162 C<arrayDepth>, C<hashDepth>, C<compactDump>, C<veryCompact>, C<globPrint>,
18163 C<dumpDBFiles>, C<dumpPackages>, C<dumpReused>, C<tick>, C<quoteHighBit>,
18164 C<printUndef>, C<usageOnly>, unctrl, subdump, bareStringify, quoteHighBit,
18169 dumpValue, dumpValues, stringify, dumpvars, set_quote, set_unctrl,
18170 compactDump, veryCompact, set, get
18176 =head2 DynaLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code
18184 @dl_library_path, @dl_resolve_using, @dl_require_symbols, @dl_librefs,
18185 @dl_modules, @dl_shared_objects, dl_error(), $dl_debug, dl_findfile(),
18186 dl_expandspec(), dl_load_file(), dl_unload_file(), dl_load_flags(),
18187 dl_find_symbol(), dl_find_symbol_anywhere(), dl_undef_symbols(),
18188 dl_install_xsub(), bootstrap()
18194 =head2 DynaLoader::XSLoader, XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into
18207 =item Migration from C<DynaLoader>
18209 =item Backward compatible boilerplate
18213 =item Order of initialization: early load()
18217 =item The most hairy case
18223 C<Can't find '%s' symbol in %s>, C<Can't load '%s' for module %s: %s>,
18224 C<Undefined symbols present after loading %s: %s>,
18225 C<XSLoader::load('Your::Module', $Your::Module::VERSION)>
18239 =head2 Encode - character encodings
18247 =item Table of Contents
18259 =item PERL ENCODING API
18261 $octets = encode(ENCODING, $string [, CHECK]), $string = decode(ENCODING,
18262 $octets [, CHECK]), [$obj =] find_encoding(ENCODING), [$length =]
18263 from_to($octets, FROM_ENC, TO_ENC [, CHECK]), $octets =
18264 encode_utf8($string);, $string = decode_utf8($octets [, CHECK]);
18268 =item Listing available encodings
18270 =item Defining Aliases
18272 =item Finding IANA Character Set Registry names
18276 =item Encoding via PerlIO
18278 =item Handling Malformed Data
18280 B<NOTE:> Not all encoding support this feature, I<CHECK> =
18281 Encode::FB_DEFAULT ( == 0), I<CHECK> = Encode::FB_CROAK ( == 1), I<CHECK> =
18282 Encode::FB_QUIET, I<CHECK> = Encode::FB_WARN, perlqq mode (I<CHECK> =
18283 Encode::FB_PERLQQ), HTML charref mode (I<CHECK> = Encode::FB_HTMLCREF), XML
18284 charref mode (I<CHECK> = Encode::FB_XMLCREF), The bitmask,
18287 =item Defining Encodings
18289 =item The UTF8 flag
18291 Goal #1:, Goal #2:, Goal #3:, Goal #4:
18295 =item Messing with Perl's Internals
18297 is_utf8(STRING [, CHECK]), _utf8_on(STRING), _utf8_off(STRING)
18301 =item UTF-8 vs. utf8 vs. UTF8
18311 =head2 Encode::Alias - alias definitions to encodings
18319 As a simple string, As a qr// compiled regular expression, e.g.:, As a code
18324 =item Alias overloading
18332 =head2 Encode::Byte - Single Byte Encodings
18346 =head2 Encode::CJKConstants -- Internally used by Encode::??::ISO_2022_*
18348 =head2 Encode::CN - China-based Chinese Encodings
18364 =head2 Encode::CN::HZ -- internally used by Encode::CN
18366 =head2 Encode::Config -- internally used by Encode
18368 =head2 Encode::EBCDIC - EBCDIC Encodings
18382 =head2 Encode::Encoding - Encode Implementation Base Class
18392 =item Methods you should implement
18394 -E<gt>encode($string [,$check]), -E<gt>decode($octets [,$check]),
18395 -E<gt>cat_decode($destination, $octets, $offset, $terminator [,$check])
18397 =item Other methods defined in Encode::Encodings
18399 -E<gt>name, -E<gt>mime_name, -E<gt>renew, -E<gt>renewed, -E<gt>perlio_ok(),
18400 -E<gt>needs_lines()
18402 =item Example: Encode::ROT13
18406 =item Why the heck Encode API is different?
18410 =item Compiled Encodings
18416 Scheme 1, Scheme 2, Other Schemes
18420 =head2 Encode::GSM0338 -- ESTI GSM 03.38 Encoding
18436 =head2 Encode::Guess -- Guesses encoding from data
18446 Encode::Guess->set_suspects, Encode::Guess->add_suspects,
18447 Encode::decode("Guess" ...), Encode::Guess->guess($data),
18448 guess_encoding($data, [, I<list of suspects>])
18458 =head2 Encode::JP - Japanese Encodings
18468 =item Note on ISO-2022-JP(-1)?
18476 =head2 Encode::JP::H2Z -- internally used by Encode::JP::2022_JP*
18478 =head2 Encode::JP::JIS7 -- internally used by Encode::JP
18480 =head2 Encode::KR - Korean Encodings
18494 =head2 Encode::KR::2022_KR -- internally used by Encode::KR
18496 =head2 Encode::MIME::Header -- MIME 'B' and 'Q' header encoding
18512 =head2 Encode::MIME::Name, Encode::MIME::NAME -- internally used by Encode
18520 =head2 Encode::PerlIO -- a detailed document on Encode and PerlIO
18526 =item How does it work?
18528 =item Line Buffering
18532 =item How can I tell whether my encoding fully supports PerlIO ?
18540 =head2 Encode::Supported -- Encodings supported by Encode
18548 =item Encoding Names
18552 =item Supported Encodings
18556 =item Built-in Encodings
18558 =item Encode::Unicode -- other Unicode encodings
18560 =item Encode::Byte -- Extended ASCII
18562 ISO-8859 and corresponding vendor mappings, KOI8 - De Facto Standard for
18565 =item gsm0338 - Hentai Latin 1
18567 gsm0338 support before 2.19
18569 =item CJK: Chinese, Japanese, Korean (Multibyte)
18571 Encode::CN -- Continental China, Encode::JP -- Japan, Encode::KR -- Korea,
18572 Encode::TW -- Taiwan, Encode::HanExtra -- More Chinese via CPAN,
18573 Encode::JIS2K -- JIS X 0213 encodings via CPAN
18575 =item Miscellaneous encodings
18577 Encode::EBCDIC, Encode::Symbols, Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::Guess
18581 =item Unsupported encodings
18583 ISO-2022-JP-2 [RFC1554], ISO-2022-CN [RFC1922], Various HP-UX encodings,
18584 Cyrillic encoding ISO-IR-111, ISO-8859-8-1 [Hebrew], ISIRI 3342, Iran
18585 System, ISIRI 2900 [Farsi], Thai encoding TCVN, Vietnamese encodings VPS,
18586 Various Mac encodings, (Mac) Indic encodings
18588 =item Encoding vs. Charset -- terminology
18590 =item Encoding Classification (by Anton Tagunov and Dan Kogai)
18594 =item Microsoft-related naming mess
18596 KS_C_5601-1987, GB2312, Big5, Shift_JIS
18602 character repertoire, coded character set (CCS), character encoding scheme
18603 (CES), charset (in MIME context), EUC, ISO-2022, UCS, UCS-2, Unicode, UTF,
18610 ECMA, ECMA-035 (eq C<ISO-2022>), IANA, Assigned Charset Names by IANA, ISO,
18611 RFC, UC, Unicode Glossary
18615 =item Other Notable Sites
18617 czyborra.com, CJK.inf, Jungshik Shin's Hangul FAQ, debian.org:
18618 "Introduction to i18n"
18620 =item Offline sources
18622 C<CJKV Information Processing> by Ken Lunde
18628 =head2 Encode::Symbol - Symbol Encodings
18642 =head2 Encode::TW - Taiwan-based Chinese Encodings
18658 =head2 Encode::Unicode -- Various Unicode Transformation Formats
18666 L<http://www.unicode.org/glossary/> says:, Quick Reference
18668 =item Size, Endianness, and BOM
18674 =item by endianness
18676 BOM as integer when fetched in network byte order
18680 =item Surrogate Pairs
18682 =item Error Checking
18688 =head2 Encode::Unicode::UTF7 -- UTF-7 encoding
18702 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Alias, Encode::Alias - alias definitions to
18711 As a simple string, As a qr// compiled regular expression, e.g.:, As a code
18716 =item Alias overloading
18724 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::CJKConstants, Encode::CJKConstants.pm --
18725 Internally used by Encode::??::ISO_2022_*
18727 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::CN::HZ, Encode::CN::HZ -- internally used by
18730 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Config, Encode::Config -- internally used by
18733 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Encoding, Encode::Encoding - Encode
18734 Implementation Base Class
18744 =item Methods you should implement
18746 -E<gt>encode($string [,$check]), -E<gt>decode($octets [,$check]),
18747 -E<gt>cat_decode($destination, $octets, $offset, $terminator [,$check])
18749 =item Other methods defined in Encode::Encodings
18751 -E<gt>name, -E<gt>mime_name, -E<gt>renew, -E<gt>renewed, -E<gt>perlio_ok(),
18752 -E<gt>needs_lines()
18754 =item Example: Encode::ROT13
18758 =item Why the heck Encode API is different?
18762 =item Compiled Encodings
18768 Scheme 1, Scheme 2, Other Schemes
18772 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::GSM0338, Encode::GSM0338 -- ESTI GSM 03.38
18789 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Guess, Encode::Guess -- Guesses encoding from
18800 Encode::Guess->set_suspects, Encode::Guess->add_suspects,
18801 Encode::decode("Guess" ...), Encode::Guess->guess($data),
18802 guess_encoding($data, [, I<list of suspects>])
18812 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::JP::H2Z, Encode::JP::H2Z -- internally used by
18813 Encode::JP::2022_JP*
18815 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::JP::JIS7, Encode::JP::JIS7 -- internally used
18818 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::KR::2022_KR, Encode::KR::2022_KR -- internally
18821 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::MIME::Header -- MIME 'B'
18822 and 'Q' header encoding
18838 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::MIME::Name, Encode::MIME::NAME -- internally
18847 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::PerlIO, Encode::PerlIO -- a detailed document
18848 on Encode and PerlIO
18854 =item How does it work?
18856 =item Line Buffering
18860 =item How can I tell whether my encoding fully supports PerlIO ?
18868 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Supported, Encode::Supported -- Encodings
18869 supported by Encode
18877 =item Encoding Names
18881 =item Supported Encodings
18885 =item Built-in Encodings
18887 =item Encode::Unicode -- other Unicode encodings
18889 =item Encode::Byte -- Extended ASCII
18891 ISO-8859 and corresponding vendor mappings, KOI8 - De Facto Standard for
18894 =item gsm0338 - Hentai Latin 1
18896 gsm0338 support before 2.19
18898 =item CJK: Chinese, Japanese, Korean (Multibyte)
18900 Encode::CN -- Continental China, Encode::JP -- Japan, Encode::KR -- Korea,
18901 Encode::TW -- Taiwan, Encode::HanExtra -- More Chinese via CPAN,
18902 Encode::JIS2K -- JIS X 0213 encodings via CPAN
18904 =item Miscellaneous encodings
18906 Encode::EBCDIC, Encode::Symbols, Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::Guess
18910 =item Unsupported encodings
18912 ISO-2022-JP-2 [RFC1554], ISO-2022-CN [RFC1922], Various HP-UX encodings,
18913 Cyrillic encoding ISO-IR-111, ISO-8859-8-1 [Hebrew], ISIRI 3342, Iran
18914 System, ISIRI 2900 [Farsi], Thai encoding TCVN, Vietnamese encodings VPS,
18915 Various Mac encodings, (Mac) Indic encodings
18917 =item Encoding vs. Charset -- terminology
18919 =item Encoding Classification (by Anton Tagunov and Dan Kogai)
18923 =item Microsoft-related naming mess
18925 KS_C_5601-1987, GB2312, Big5, Shift_JIS
18931 character repertoire, coded character set (CCS), character encoding scheme
18932 (CES), charset (in MIME context), EUC, ISO-2022, UCS, UCS-2, Unicode, UTF,
18939 ECMA, ECMA-035 (eq C<ISO-2022>), IANA, Assigned Charset Names by IANA, ISO,
18940 RFC, UC, Unicode Glossary
18944 =item Other Notable Sites
18946 czyborra.com, CJK.inf, Jungshik Shin's Hangul FAQ, debian.org:
18947 "Introduction to i18n"
18949 =item Offline sources
18951 C<CJKV Information Processing> by Ken Lunde
18957 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Unicode::UTF7, Encode::Unicode::UTF7 -- UTF-7
18972 =head2 Encode::lib::Encoder, Encode::Encoder -- Object Oriented Encoder
18984 =item Predefined Methods
18986 $e = Encode::Encoder-E<gt>new([$data, $encoding]);, encoder(),
18987 $e-E<gt>data([$data]), $e-E<gt>encoding([$encoding]),
18988 $e-E<gt>bytes([$encoding])
18990 =item Example: base64 transcoder
18992 =item Operator Overloading
19000 =head2 Encodencoding, encoding - allows you to write your script in
19001 non-ascii or non-utf8
19011 =item Literal Conversions
19013 =item PerlIO layers for C<STD(IN|OUT)>
19015 =item Implicit upgrading for byte strings
19025 =item FEATURES THAT REQUIRE 5.8.1
19027 "NON-EUC" doublebyte encodings, tr//, DATA pseudo-filehandle
19031 use encoding [I<ENCNAME>] ;, use encoding I<ENCNAME> [ STDIN =E<gt>
19032 I<ENCNAME_IN> ...] ;, use encoding I<ENCNAME> Filter=E<gt>1;, no encoding;
19034 =item The Filter Option
19038 =item Filter-related changes at Encode version 1.87
19048 =item DO NOT MIX MULTIPLE ENCODINGS
19050 =item tr/// with ranges
19052 Legend of characters above
19056 =item EXAMPLE - Greekperl
19058 =item KNOWN PROBLEMS
19060 literals in regex that are longer than 127 bytes, EBCDIC, format, Thread
19065 =item The Logic of :locale
19075 =head2 Encoder, Encode::Encoder -- Object Oriented Encoder
19087 =item Predefined Methods
19089 $e = Encode::Encoder-E<gt>new([$data, $encoding]);, encoder(),
19090 $e-E<gt>data([$data]), $e-E<gt>encoding([$encoding]),
19091 $e-E<gt>bytes([$encoding])
19093 =item Example: base64 transcoder
19095 =item Operator Overloading
19103 =head2 English - use nice English (or awk) names for ugly punctuation
19116 =head2 Env - perl module that imports environment variables as scalars or
19131 =head2 Errno - System errno constants
19147 =head2 Exporter - Implements default import method for modules
19157 =item How to Export
19159 =item Selecting What To Export
19161 =item How to Import
19163 C<use ModuleName;>, C<use ModuleName ();>, C<use ModuleName qw(...);>
19167 =item Advanced features
19171 =item Specialised Import Lists
19173 =item Exporting without using Exporter's import method
19175 =item Exporting without inheriting from Exporter
19177 =item Module Version Checking
19179 =item Managing Unknown Symbols
19181 =item Tag Handling Utility Functions
19183 =item Generating combined tags
19185 =item C<AUTOLOAD>ed Constants
19191 =head2 Exporter::Heavy - Exporter guts
19201 =head2 ExtUtils::CBuilder - Compile and link C code for Perl modules
19211 new, have_compiler, compile, C<object_file>, C<include_dirs>,
19212 C<extra_compiler_flags>, link, lib_file, module_name, extra_linker_flags,
19213 link_executable, exe_file, object_file, lib_file, exe_file, prelink,
19214 need_prelink, extra_link_args_after_prelink
19228 =head2 ExtUtils::CBuilder::Platform::Windows - Builder class for Windows
19241 =head2 ExtUtils::Command - utilities to replace common UNIX commands in
19290 =head2 ExtUtils::Command::MM - Commands for the MM's to use in Makefiles
19304 B<warn_if_old_packlist>
19306 B<perllocal_install>
19310 =head2 ExtUtils::Constant - generate XS code to import C header constants
19320 IV, UV, NV, PV, PVN, SV, YES, NO, UNDEF
19328 XS_constant PACKAGE, TYPES, SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME
19330 autoload PACKAGE, VERSION, AUTOLOADER
19332 WriteMakefileSnippet
19334 WriteConstants ATTRIBUTE =E<gt> VALUE [, ...], NAME, DEFAULT_TYPE,
19335 BREAKOUT_AT, NAMES, C_FH, C_FILE, XS_FH, XS_FILE, SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME
19343 =head2 ExtUtils::Constant::Base - base class for ExtUtils::Constant objects
19357 memEQ_clause args_hashref
19359 dump_names arg_hashref, ITEM..
19361 assign arg_hashref, VALUE..
19363 return_clause arg_hashref, ITEM
19365 switch_clause arg_hashref, NAMELEN, ITEMHASH, ITEM..
19369 dogfood arg_hashref, ITEM..
19371 normalise_items args, default_type, seen_types, seen_items, ITEM..
19373 C_constant arg_hashref, ITEM.., name, type, value, macro, default, pre,
19374 post, def_pre, def_post, utf8, weight
19384 =head2 ExtUtils::Constant::Utils - helper functions for ExtUtils::Constant
19398 perl_stringify NAME
19406 =head2 ExtUtils::Constant::XS, ExtUtils::Constant::Base - base class for
19407 ExtUtils::Constant objects
19421 =head2 ExtUtils::Embed - Utilities for embedding Perl in C/C++ applications
19433 xsinit(), Examples, ldopts(), Examples, perl_inc(), ccflags(), ccdlflags(),
19434 ccopts(), xsi_header(), xsi_protos(@modules), xsi_body(@modules)
19444 =head2 ExtUtils::Install - install files from here to there
19452 _chmod($$;$), _warnonce(@), _choke(@)
19456 _move_file_at_boot( $file, $target, $moan )
19458 _unlink_or_rename( $file, $tryhard, $installing )
19472 _can_write_dir(C<$dir>)
19474 _mkpath($dir,$show,$mode,$verbose,$fake)
19476 _copy($from,$to,$verbose,$fake)
19482 install_rooted_file( $file ), install_rooted_dir( $dir )
19484 forceunlink( $file, $tryhard )
19486 directory_not_empty( $dir )
19488 B<install_default> I<DISCOURAGED>
19492 inc_uninstall($filepath,$libdir,$verbose,$nonono,$ignore)
19494 run_filter($cmd,$src,$dest)
19506 B<PERL_INSTALL_ROOT>, B<EU_INSTALL_IGNORE_SKIP>,
19507 B<EU_INSTALL_SITE_SKIPFILE>
19515 =head2 ExtUtils::Installed - Inventory management of installed modules
19527 new(), modules(), files(), directories(), directory_tree(), validate(),
19528 packlist(), version()
19536 =head2 ExtUtils::Liblist - determine libraries to use and how to use them
19544 For static extensions, For dynamic extensions at build/link time, For
19545 dynamic extensions at load time
19551 =item LDLOADLIBS and LD_RUN_PATH
19561 =item VMS implementation
19563 =item Win32 implementation
19571 =head2 ExtUtils::MM - OS adjusted ExtUtils::MakeMaker subclass
19581 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_AIX - AIX specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix
19591 =item Overridden methods
19605 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Any - Platform-agnostic MM methods
19617 =item Cross-platform helper methods
19643 =item File::Spec wrappers
19659 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_BeOS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
19660 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
19674 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
19675 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
19689 replace_manpage_separator
19693 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_DOS - DOS specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix
19703 =item Overridden methods
19711 B<replace_manpage_separator>
19721 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_MacOS - once produced Makefiles for MacOS Classic
19731 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_NW5 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
19732 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
19744 init_platform, platform_constants
19752 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_OS2 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
19753 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
19771 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_QNX - QNX specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix
19781 =item Overridden methods
19795 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_UWIN - U/WIN specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix
19805 =item Overridden methods
19813 B<replace_manpage_separator>
19823 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Unix - methods used by ExtUtils::MakeMaker
19925 init_platform, platform_constants
19969 post_initialize (o)
19981 replace_manpage_separator
20005 test_via_harness (override)
20007 test_via_script (override)
20031 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_VMS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
20032 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
20042 =item Methods always loaded
20054 guess_name (override)
20058 find_perl (override)
20060 maybe_command (override)
20064 pm_to_blib (override)
20066 perl_script (override)
20068 replace_manpage_separator
20074 init_main (override)
20076 init_others (override)
20078 init_platform (override)
20082 init_VERSION (override)
20084 constants (override)
20090 const_cccmd (override)
20092 tools_other (override)
20094 init_dist (override)
20104 dynamic_lib (override)
20106 static_lib (override)
20110 zipfile_target, tarfile_target, shdist_target
20114 perldepend (override)
20116 makeaperl (override)
20118 nicetext (override)
20120 prefixify (override)
20148 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_VOS - VOS specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix
20158 =item Overridden methods
20172 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Win32 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
20173 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
20185 =item Overridden methods
20191 replace_manpage_separator
20199 init_platform, platform_constants
20227 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Win95 - method to customize MakeMaker for Win9X
20237 =item Overridden methods
20259 =head2 ExtUtils::MY - ExtUtils::MakeMaker subclass for customization
20269 =head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker - Create a module Makefile
20279 =item How To Write A Makefile.PL
20281 =item Default Makefile Behaviour
20291 =item PREFIX and LIB attribute
20295 =item Static Linking of a new Perl Binary
20297 =item Determination of Perl Library and Installation Locations
20299 =item Which architecture dependent directory?
20301 =item Using Attributes and Parameters
20303 ABSTRACT, ABSTRACT_FROM, AUTHOR, BINARY_LOCATION, C, CCFLAGS, CONFIG,
20304 CONFIGURE, DEFINE, DESTDIR, DIR, DISTNAME, DISTVNAME, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS,
20305 EXCLUDE_EXT, EXE_FILES, FIRST_MAKEFILE, FULLPERL, FULLPERLRUN,
20306 FULLPERLRUNINST, FUNCLIST, H, IMPORTS, INC, INCLUDE_EXT, INSTALLARCHLIB,
20307 INSTALLBIN, INSTALLDIRS, INSTALLMAN1DIR, INSTALLMAN3DIR, INSTALLPRIVLIB,
20308 INSTALLSCRIPT, INSTALLSITEARCH, INSTALLSITEBIN, INSTALLSITELIB,
20309 INSTALLSITEMAN1DIR, INSTALLSITEMAN3DIR, INSTALLSITESCRIPT,
20310 INSTALLVENDORARCH, INSTALLVENDORBIN, INSTALLVENDORLIB,
20311 INSTALLVENDORMAN1DIR, INSTALLVENDORMAN3DIR, INSTALLVENDORSCRIPT,
20312 INST_ARCHLIB, INST_BIN, INST_LIB, INST_MAN1DIR, INST_MAN3DIR, INST_SCRIPT,
20313 LD, LDDLFLAGS, LDFROM, LIB, LIBPERL_A, LIBS, LICENSE, LINKTYPE, MAKE,
20314 MAKEAPERL, MAKEFILE_OLD, MAN1PODS, MAN3PODS, MAP_TARGET, MYEXTLIB, NAME,
20315 NEEDS_LINKING, NOECHO, NORECURS, NO_META, NO_VC, OBJECT, OPTIMIZE, PERL,
20316 PERL_CORE, PERLMAINCC, PERL_ARCHLIB, PERL_LIB, PERL_MALLOC_OK, PERLPREFIX,
20317 PERLRUN, PERLRUNINST, PERL_SRC, PERM_RW, PERM_RWX, PL_FILES, PM, PMLIBDIRS,
20318 PM_FILTER, POLLUTE, PPM_INSTALL_EXEC, PPM_INSTALL_SCRIPT, PREFIX,
20319 PREREQ_FATAL, PREREQ_PM, PREREQ_PRINT, PRINT_PREREQ, SITEPREFIX, SIGN,
20320 SKIP, TYPEMAPS, VENDORPREFIX, VERBINST, VERSION, VERSION_FROM, VERSION_SYM,
20321 XS, XSOPT, XSPROTOARG, XS_VERSION
20323 =item Additional lowercase attributes
20325 clean, depend, dist, dynamic_lib, linkext, macro, postamble, realclean,
20326 test, tool_autosplit
20328 =item Overriding MakeMaker Methods
20330 =item The End Of Cargo Cult Programming
20332 C<< MAN3PODS => ' ' >>
20334 =item Hintsfile support
20336 =item Distribution Support
20338 make distcheck, make skipcheck, make distclean, make manifest,
20339 make distdir, make disttest, make tardist, make dist, make
20340 uutardist, make shdist, make zipdist, make ci
20342 =item Module Meta-Data
20344 =item Disabling an extension
20346 =item Other Handy Functions
20354 PERL_MM_OPT, PERL_MM_USE_DEFAULT, PERL_CORE
20364 =head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Config - Wrapper around Config.pm
20374 =head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::FAQ - Frequently Asked Questions About
20383 =item Module Installation
20385 How do I install a module into my home directory?, How do I get MakeMaker
20386 and Module::Build to install to the same place?, How do I keep from
20387 installing man pages?, How do I use a module without installing it?, PREFIX
20388 vs INSTALL_BASE from Module::Build::Cookbook
20390 =item Philosophy and History
20392 Why not just use <insert other build config tool here>?, What is
20393 Module::Build and how does it relate to MakeMaker?, pure perl. no make, no
20394 shell commands, easier to customize, cleaner internals, less cruft
20396 =item Module Writing
20398 How do I keep my $VERSION up to date without resetting it manually?, What's
20399 this F<META.yml> thing and how did it get in my F<MANIFEST>?!, How do I
20400 delete everything not in my F<MANIFEST>?
20404 How to I prevent "object version X.XX does not match bootstrap parameter
20405 Y.YY" errors?, How do I make two or more XS files coexist in the same
20418 =head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Tutorial - Writing a module with MakeMaker
20432 Makefile.PL, MANIFEST, lib/, t/, Changes, README, INSTALL, MANIFEST.SKIP,
20441 =head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::bytes - Version-agnostic bytes.pm
20451 =head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::vmsish - Platform-agnostic vmsish.pm
20461 =head2 ExtUtils::Manifest - utilities to write and check a MANIFEST file
20499 =item MANIFEST.SKIP
20501 #!include_default, #!include /Path/to/another/manifest.skip
20505 =item GLOBAL VARIABLES
20513 C<Not in MANIFEST:> I<file>, C<Skipping> I<file>, C<No such file:> I<file>,
20514 C<MANIFEST:> I<$!>, C<Added to MANIFEST:> I<file>
20518 B<PERL_MM_MANIFEST_DEBUG>
20526 =head2 ExtUtils::Miniperl, writemain - write the C code for perlmain.c
20538 =head2 ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap - make a bootstrap file for use by DynaLoader
20548 =head2 ExtUtils::Mksymlists - write linker options files for dynamic
20557 DLBASE, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, FILE, FUNCLIST, IMPORTS, NAME
20569 =head2 ExtUtils::Packlist - manage .packlist files
20581 new(), read(), write(), validate(), packlist_file()
20589 =head2 ExtUtils::ParseXS - converts Perl XS code into C code
20599 process_xs(), B<C++>, B<hiertype>, B<except>, B<typemap>, B<prototypes>,
20600 B<versioncheck>, B<linenumbers>, B<optimize>, B<inout>, B<argtypes>, B<s>,
20611 =head2 ExtUtils::testlib - add blib/* directories to @INC
20621 =head2 Fatal - replace functions with equivalents which succeed or die
20635 =head2 Fcntl - load the C Fcntl.h defines
20645 =item EXPORTED SYMBOLS
20649 =head2 File::Basename - Parse file paths into directory, filename and
20660 C<fileparse> X<fileparse>
20662 C<basename> X<basename> X<filename>
20664 C<dirname> X<dirname>
20666 C<fileparse_set_fstype> X<filesystem>
20674 =head2 File::CheckTree - run many filetest checks on a tree
20688 =head2 File::Compare - Compare files or filehandles
20702 =head2 File::Copy - Copy files or filehandles
20710 copy X<copy> X<cp>, move X<move> X<mv> X<rename>, syscopy X<syscopy>,
20711 rmscopy($from,$to[,$date_flag]) X<rmscopy>
20721 =head2 File::DosGlob - DOS like globbing and then some
20731 =item EXPORTS (by request only)
20743 =head2 File::Fetch - A generic file fetching mechanism
20753 $ff->uri, $ff->scheme, $ff->host, $ff->vol, $ff->share, $ff->path,
20766 =item $ff = File::Fetch->new( uri => 'http://some.where.com/dir/file.txt'
20775 =item $ff->fetch( [to => /my/output/dir/] )
20781 =item $ff->error([BOOL])
20789 =item GLOBAL VARIABLES
20793 =item $File::Fetch::FROM_EMAIL
20795 =item $File::Fetch::USER_AGENT
20797 =item $File::Fetch::FTP_PASSIVE
20799 =item $File::Fetch::TIMEOUT
20801 =item $File::Fetch::WARN
20803 =item $File::Fetch::DEBUG
20805 =item $File::Fetch::BLACKLIST
20807 =item $File::Fetch::METHOD_FAIL
20813 =item FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
20817 =item So how do I use a proxy with File::Fetch?
20819 =item I used 'lynx' to fetch a file, but its contents is all wrong!
20821 =item Files I'm trying to fetch have reserved characters or non-ASCII
20822 characters in them. What do I do?
20828 Implement $PREFER_BIN
20838 =head2 File::Find - Traverse a directory tree.
20846 B<find>, B<finddepth>
20852 C<wanted>, C<bydepth>, C<preprocess>, C<postprocess>, C<follow>,
20853 C<follow_fast>, C<follow_skip>, C<dangling_symlinks>, C<no_chdir>,
20854 C<untaint>, C<untaint_pattern>, C<untaint_skip>
20856 =item The wanted function
20858 C<$File::Find::dir> is the current directory name,, C<$_> is the current
20859 filename within that directory, C<$File::Find::name> is the complete
20860 pathname to the file
20868 $dont_use_nlink, symlinks
20872 =item BUGS AND CAVEATS
20878 =head2 File::Glob - Perl extension for BSD glob routine
20888 =item META CHARACTERS
20892 C<GLOB_ERR>, C<GLOB_LIMIT>, C<GLOB_MARK>, C<GLOB_NOCASE>, C<GLOB_NOCHECK>,
20893 C<GLOB_NOSORT>, C<GLOB_BRACE>, C<GLOB_NOMAGIC>, C<GLOB_QUOTE>,
20894 C<GLOB_TILDE>, C<GLOB_CSH>, C<GLOB_ALPHASORT>
20900 C<GLOB_NOSPACE>, C<GLOB_ABEND>
20910 =head2 File::GlobMapper - Extend File Glob to Allow Input and Output Files
20918 This code is a work in progress, There are known bugs, The interface
20919 defined here is tentative, There are portability issues, Do not use in
20920 production code, Consider yourself warned!
20924 =item Behind The Scenes
20928 =item Input File Glob
20930 B<~>, B<~user>, B<.>, B<*>, B<?>, B<\>, B<[]>, B<{,}>, B<()>
20932 =item Output File Glob
20936 =item Returned Data
20944 =item A Rename script
20946 =item A few example globmaps
20954 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
20958 =head2 File::Path - Create or remove directory trees
20972 mode, verbose, error, verbose, safe, keep_root, result, error
20974 =item TRADITIONAL INTERFACE
20976 =item ERROR HANDLING
20984 mkdir [path]: [errmsg] (SEVERE), No root path(s) specified, No such file or
20985 directory, cannot fetch initial working directory: [errmsg], cannot stat
20986 initial working directory: [errmsg], cannot chdir to [dir]: [errmsg],
20987 directory [dir] changed before chdir, expected dev=[n] inode=[n], actual
20988 dev=[n] ino=[n], aborting. (FATAL), cannot make directory [dir]
20989 read+writeable: [errmsg], cannot read [dir]: [errmsg], cannot reset chmod
20990 [dir]: [errmsg], cannot chdir to [parent-dir] from [child-dir]: [errmsg],
20991 aborting. (FATAL), cannot stat prior working directory [dir]: [errmsg],
20992 aborting. (FATAL), previous directory [parent-dir] changed before entering
20993 [child-dir], expected dev=[n] inode=[n], actual dev=[n] ino=[n], aborting.
20994 (FATAL), cannot make directory [dir] writeable: [errmsg], cannot remove
20995 directory [dir]: [errmsg], cannot restore permissions of [dir] to [0nnn]:
20996 [errmsg], cannot make file [file] writeable: [errmsg], cannot unlink file
20997 [file]: [errmsg], cannot restore permissions of [file] to [0nnn]: [errmsg]
21003 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
21013 =head2 File::Spec - portably perform operations on file names
21023 canonpath X<canonpath>, catdir X<catdir>, catfile X<catfile>, curdir
21024 X<curdir>, devnull X<devnull>, rootdir X<rootdir>, tmpdir X<tmpdir>, updir
21025 X<updir>, no_upwards, case_tolerant, file_name_is_absolute, path X<path>,
21026 join X<join, path>, splitpath X<splitpath> X<split, path>, splitdir
21027 X<splitdir> X<split, dir>, catpath(), abs2rel X<abs2rel> X<absolute, path>
21028 X<relative, path>, rel2abs() X<rel2abs> X<absolute, path> X<relative, path>
21038 =head2 File::Spec::Cygwin - methods for Cygwin file specs
21050 file_name_is_absolute
21062 =head2 File::Spec::Epoc - methods for Epoc file specs
21084 =head2 File::Spec::Functions - portably perform operations on file names
21104 =head2 File::Spec::Mac - File::Spec for Mac OS (Classic)
21132 file_name_is_absolute
21156 =head2 File::Spec::OS2 - methods for OS/2 file specs
21170 =head2 File::Spec::Unix - File::Spec for Unix, base for other File::Spec
21203 file_name_is_absolute
21227 =head2 File::Spec::VMS - methods for VMS file specs
21235 canonpath (override)
21253 case_tolerant (override)
21257 file_name_is_absolute (override)
21259 splitpath (override)
21261 splitdir (override)
21277 =head2 File::Spec::Win32 - methods for Win32 file specs
21293 file_name_is_absolute
21307 =item Note For File::Spec::Win32 Maintainers
21319 =head2 File::Temp - return name and handle of a temporary file safely
21333 =item OBJECT-ORIENTED INTERFACE
21341 B<unlink_on_destroy>
21357 =item MKTEMP FUNCTIONS
21371 =item POSIX FUNCTIONS
21381 =item ADDITIONAL FUNCTIONS
21389 =item UTILITY FUNCTIONS
21403 =item PACKAGE VARIABLES
21405 B<safe_level>, STANDARD, MEDIUM, HIGH
21411 B<$KEEP_ALL>, B<$DEBUG>
21419 =item Temporary files and NFS
21435 =head2 File::stat - by-name interface to Perl's built-in stat() functions
21451 =head2 FileCache - keep more files open than the system permits
21459 cacheout EXPR, cacheout MODE, EXPR
21467 =head2 FileHandle - supply object methods for filehandles
21475 $fh->print, $fh->printf, $fh->getline, $fh->getlines
21481 =head2 Filter::Simple - Simplified source filtering
21495 =item Disabling or changing <no> behaviour
21497 =item All-in-one interface
21499 =item Filtering only specific components of source code
21501 C<"code">, C<"code_no_comments">, C<"executable">,
21502 C<"executable_no_comments">, C<"quotelike">, C<"string">, C<"regex">,
21505 =item Filtering only the code parts of source code
21507 Most source code ceases to be grammatically correct when it is broken up
21508 into the pieces between string literals and regexes. So the C<'code'>
21509 and C<'code_no_comments'> component filter behave slightly differently
21510 from the other partial filters described in the previous section.
21512 =item Using Filter::Simple with an explicit C<import> subroutine
21514 =item Using Filter::Simple and Exporter together
21526 =head2 Filter::Util::Call - Perl Source Filter Utility Module
21536 =item B<use Filter::Util::Call>
21540 =item B<filter() and anonymous sub>
21542 B<$_>, B<$status>, B<filter_read> and B<filter_read_exact>, B<filter_del>
21550 =item Example 1: A simple filter.
21552 =item Example 2: Using the context
21554 =item Example 3: Using the context within the filter
21556 =item Example 4: Using filter_del
21560 =item Filter::Simple
21568 =head2 FindBin - Locate directory of original perl script
21576 =item EXPORTABLE VARIABLES
21588 =head2 GDBM_File - Perl5 access to the gdbm library.
21604 =head2 Getopt::Long - Extended processing of command line options
21612 =item Command Line Options, an Introduction
21614 =item Getting Started with Getopt::Long
21618 =item Simple options
21620 =item A little bit less simple options
21622 =item Mixing command line option with other arguments
21624 =item Options with values
21626 =item Options with multiple values
21628 =item Options with hash values
21630 =item User-defined subroutines to handle options
21632 =item Options with multiple names
21634 =item Case and abbreviations
21636 =item Summary of Option Specifications
21638 !, +, s, i, o, f, : I<type> [ I<desttype> ], : I<number> [ I<desttype> ], :
21643 =item Advanced Possibilities
21647 =item Object oriented interface
21649 =item Thread Safety
21651 =item Documentation and help texts
21653 =item Parsing options from an arbitrary array
21655 =item Parsing options from an arbitrary string
21657 =item Storing options values in a hash
21661 =item The lonesome dash
21663 =item Argument callback
21667 =item Configuring Getopt::Long
21669 default, posix_default, auto_abbrev, getopt_compat, gnu_compat, gnu_getopt,
21670 require_order, permute, bundling (default: disabled), bundling_override
21671 (default: disabled), ignore_case (default: enabled), ignore_case_always
21672 (default: disabled), auto_version (default:disabled), auto_help
21673 (default:disabled), pass_through (default: disabled), prefix,
21674 prefix_pattern, long_prefix_pattern, debug (default: disabled)
21676 =item Exportable Methods
21678 VersionMessage, C<-message>, C<-msg>, C<-exitval>, C<-output>, HelpMessage
21680 =item Return values and Errors
21686 =item Default destinations
21688 =item Alternative option starters
21690 =item Configuration variables
21694 =item Tips and Techniques
21698 =item Pushing multiple values in a hash option
21702 =item Trouble Shooting
21706 =item GetOptions does not return a false result when an option is not
21709 =item GetOptions does not split the command line correctly
21711 =item Undefined subroutine &main::GetOptions called
21713 =item How do I put a "-?" option into a Getopt::Long?
21719 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER
21723 =head2 Getopt::Std, getopt, getopts - Process single-character switches
21724 with switch clustering
21732 =item C<--help> and C<--version>
21736 =head2 Hash::Util - A selection of general-utility hash subroutines
21746 =item Restricted hashes
21748 B<lock_keys>, B<unlock_keys>
21756 B<lock_value>, B<unlock_value>
21758 B<lock_hash>, B<unlock_hash>
21760 B<lock_hash_recurse>, B<unlock_hash_recurse>
21764 B<legal_keys>, B<hidden_keys>, B<all_keys>, B<hash_seed>
21770 =item Operating on references to hashes.
21772 lock_ref_keys, unlock_ref_keys, lock_ref_keys_plus, lock_ref_value,
21773 unlock_ref_value, lock_hashref, unlock_hashref, lock_hashref_recurse,
21774 unlock_hashref_recurse, hash_ref_unlocked, legal_ref_keys, hidden_ref_keys
21790 =head2 Hash::Util::FieldHash - Support for Inside-Out Classes
21798 id, id_2obj, register, idhash, idhashes, fieldhash, fieldhashes
21804 =item The Inside-out Technique
21806 =item Problems of Inside-out
21810 =item More Problems
21812 =item The Generic Object
21814 =item How to use Field Hashes
21816 =item Garbage-Collected Hashes
21822 C<init()>, C<first()>, C<last()>, C<name()>, C<Name_hash>, C<Name_id>,
21823 C<Name_idhash>, C<Name_id_reg>, C<Name_idhash_reg>, C<Name_fieldhash>
21837 =item The C<PERL_MAGIC_uvar> interface for hashes
21839 =item Weakrefs call uvar magic
21841 =item How field hashes work
21843 =item Internal function Hash::Util::FieldHash::_fieldhash
21849 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
21853 =head2 Hash::Util::FieldHash::lib::Hash::Util::FieldHash,
21854 Hash::Util::FieldHash - Support for Inside-Out Classes
21862 id, id_2obj, register, idhash, idhashes, fieldhash, fieldhashes
21868 =item The Inside-out Technique
21870 =item Problems of Inside-out
21874 =item More Problems
21876 =item The Generic Object
21878 =item How to use Field Hashes
21880 =item Garbage-Collected Hashes
21886 C<init()>, C<first()>, C<last()>, C<name()>, C<Name_hash>, C<Name_id>,
21887 C<Name_idhash>, C<Name_id_reg>, C<Name_idhash_reg>, C<Name_fieldhash>
21901 =item The C<PERL_MAGIC_uvar> interface for hashes
21903 =item Weakrefs call uvar magic
21905 =item How field hashes work
21907 =item Internal function Hash::Util::FieldHash::_fieldhash
21913 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
21917 =head2 Hash::Utilib::Hash::Util, Hash::Util - A selection of
21918 general-utility hash subroutines
21928 =item Restricted hashes
21930 B<lock_keys>, B<unlock_keys>
21938 B<lock_value>, B<unlock_value>
21940 B<lock_hash>, B<unlock_hash>
21942 B<lock_hash_recurse>, B<unlock_hash_recurse>
21946 B<legal_keys>, B<hidden_keys>, B<all_keys>, B<hash_seed>
21952 =item Operating on references to hashes.
21954 lock_ref_keys, unlock_ref_keys, lock_ref_keys_plus, lock_ref_value,
21955 unlock_ref_value, lock_hashref, unlock_hashref, lock_hashref_recurse,
21956 unlock_hashref_recurse, hash_ref_unlocked, legal_ref_keys, hidden_ref_keys
21972 =head2 I18N::Collate - compare 8-bit scalar data according to the current
21983 =head2 I18N::LangTags - functions for dealing with RFC3066-style language
21994 the function is_language_tag($lang1)
21996 the function extract_language_tags($whatever)
21998 the function same_language_tag($lang1, $lang2)
22000 the function similarity_language_tag($lang1, $lang2)
22002 the function is_dialect_of($lang1, $lang2)
22004 the function super_languages($lang1)
22006 the function locale2language_tag($locale_identifier)
22008 the function encode_language_tag($lang1)
22010 the function alternate_language_tags($lang1)
22012 the function @langs = panic_languages(@accept_languages)
22014 the function implicate_supers( ...languages... ), the function
22015 implicate_supers_strictly( ...languages... )
22019 =item ABOUT LOWERCASING
22021 =item ABOUT UNICODE PLAINTEXT LANGUAGE TAGS
22031 =head2 I18N::LangTags::Detect - detect the user's language preferences
22051 =head2 I18N::LangTags::List -- tags and names for human languages
22059 =item ABOUT LANGUAGE TAGS
22061 =item LIST OF LANGUAGES
22063 {ab} : Abkhazian, {ace} : Achinese, {ach} : Acoli, {ada} : Adangme, {ady} :
22064 Adyghe, {aa} : Afar, {afh} : Afrihili, {af} : Afrikaans, [{afa} :
22065 Afro-Asiatic (Other)], {ak} : Akan, {akk} : Akkadian, {sq} : Albanian,
22066 {ale} : Aleut, [{alg} : Algonquian languages], [{tut} : Altaic (Other)],
22067 {am} : Amharic, {i-ami} : Ami, [{apa} : Apache languages], {ar} : Arabic,
22068 {arc} : Aramaic, {arp} : Arapaho, {arn} : Araucanian, {arw} : Arawak, {hy}
22069 : Armenian, {an} : Aragonese, [{art} : Artificial (Other)], {ast} :
22070 Asturian, {as} : Assamese, [{ath} : Athapascan languages], [{aus} :
22071 Australian languages], [{map} : Austronesian (Other)], {av} : Avaric, {ae}
22072 : Avestan, {awa} : Awadhi, {ay} : Aymara, {az} : Azerbaijani, {ban} :
22073 Balinese, [{bat} : Baltic (Other)], {bal} : Baluchi, {bm} : Bambara, [{bai}
22074 : Bamileke languages], {bad} : Banda, [{bnt} : Bantu (Other)], {bas} :
22075 Basa, {ba} : Bashkir, {eu} : Basque, {btk} : Batak (Indonesia), {bej} :
22076 Beja, {be} : Belarusian, {bem} : Bemba, {bn} : Bengali, [{ber} : Berber
22077 (Other)], {bho} : Bhojpuri, {bh} : Bihari, {bik} : Bikol, {bin} : Bini,
22078 {bi} : Bislama, {bs} : Bosnian, {bra} : Braj, {br} : Breton, {bug} :
22079 Buginese, {bg} : Bulgarian, {i-bnn} : Bunun, {bua} : Buriat, {my} :
22080 Burmese, {cad} : Caddo, {car} : Carib, {ca} : Catalan, [{cau} : Caucasian
22081 (Other)], {ceb} : Cebuano, [{cel} : Celtic (Other)], [{cai} : Central
22082 American Indian (Other)], {chg} : Chagatai, [{cmc} : Chamic languages],
22083 {ch} : Chamorro, {ce} : Chechen, {chr} : Cherokee, {chy} : Cheyenne, {chb}
22084 : Chibcha, {ny} : Chichewa, {zh} : Chinese, {chn} : Chinook Jargon, {chp} :
22085 Chipewyan, {cho} : Choctaw, {cu} : Church Slavic, {chk} : Chuukese, {cv} :
22086 Chuvash, {cop} : Coptic, {kw} : Cornish, {co} : Corsican, {cr} : Cree,
22087 {mus} : Creek, [{cpe} : English-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{cpf}
22088 : French-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{cpp} : Portuguese-based
22089 Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{crp} : Creoles and pidgins (Other)], {hr} :
22090 Croatian, [{cus} : Cushitic (Other)], {cs} : Czech, {dak} : Dakota, {da} :
22091 Danish, {dar} : Dargwa, {day} : Dayak, {i-default} : Default (Fallthru)
22092 Language, {del} : Delaware, {din} : Dinka, {dv} : Divehi, {doi} : Dogri,
22093 {dgr} : Dogrib, [{dra} : Dravidian (Other)], {dua} : Duala, {nl} : Dutch,
22094 {dum} : Middle Dutch (ca.1050-1350), {dyu} : Dyula, {dz} : Dzongkha, {efi}
22095 : Efik, {egy} : Ancient Egyptian, {eka} : Ekajuk, {elx} : Elamite, {en} :
22096 English, {enm} : Old English (1100-1500), {ang} : Old English
22097 (ca.450-1100), {i-enochian} : Enochian (Artificial), {myv} : Erzya, {eo} :
22098 Esperanto, {et} : Estonian, {ee} : Ewe, {ewo} : Ewondo, {fan} : Fang, {fat}
22099 : Fanti, {fo} : Faroese, {fj} : Fijian, {fi} : Finnish, [{fiu} :
22100 Finno-Ugrian (Other)], {fon} : Fon, {fr} : French, {frm} : Middle French
22101 (ca.1400-1600), {fro} : Old French (842-ca.1400), {fy} : Frisian, {fur} :
22102 Friulian, {ff} : Fulah, {gaa} : Ga, {gd} : Scots Gaelic, {gl} : Gallegan,
22103 {lg} : Ganda, {gay} : Gayo, {gba} : Gbaya, {gez} : Geez, {ka} : Georgian,
22104 {de} : German, {gmh} : Middle High German (ca.1050-1500), {goh} : Old High
22105 German (ca.750-1050), [{gem} : Germanic (Other)], {gil} : Gilbertese, {gon}
22106 : Gondi, {gor} : Gorontalo, {got} : Gothic, {grb} : Grebo, {grc} : Ancient
22107 Greek, {el} : Modern Greek, {gn} : Guarani, {gu} : Gujarati, {gwi} :
22108 Gwich'in, {hai} : Haida, {ht} : Haitian, {ha} : Hausa, {haw} : Hawaiian,
22109 {he} : Hebrew, {hz} : Herero, {hil} : Hiligaynon, {him} : Himachali, {hi} :
22110 Hindi, {ho} : Hiri Motu, {hit} : Hittite, {hmn} : Hmong, {hu} : Hungarian,
22111 {hup} : Hupa, {iba} : Iban, {is} : Icelandic, {io} : Ido, {ig} : Igbo,
22112 {ijo} : Ijo, {ilo} : Iloko, [{inc} : Indic (Other)], [{ine} : Indo-European
22113 (Other)], {id} : Indonesian, {inh} : Ingush, {ia} : Interlingua
22114 (International Auxiliary Language Association), {ie} : Interlingue, {iu} :
22115 Inuktitut, {ik} : Inupiaq, [{ira} : Iranian (Other)], {ga} : Irish, {mga} :
22116 Middle Irish (900-1200), {sga} : Old Irish (to 900), [{iro} : Iroquoian
22117 languages], {it} : Italian, {ja} : Japanese, {jv} : Javanese, {jrb} :
22118 Judeo-Arabic, {jpr} : Judeo-Persian, {kbd} : Kabardian, {kab} : Kabyle,
22119 {kac} : Kachin, {kl} : Kalaallisut, {xal} : Kalmyk, {kam} : Kamba, {kn} :
22120 Kannada, {kr} : Kanuri, {krc} : Karachay-Balkar, {kaa} : Kara-Kalpak, {kar}
22121 : Karen, {ks} : Kashmiri, {csb} : Kashubian, {kaw} : Kawi, {kk} : Kazakh,
22122 {kha} : Khasi, {km} : Khmer, [{khi} : Khoisan (Other)], {kho} : Khotanese,
22123 {ki} : Kikuyu, {kmb} : Kimbundu, {rw} : Kinyarwanda, {ky} : Kirghiz,
22124 {i-klingon} : Klingon, {kv} : Komi, {kg} : Kongo, {kok} : Konkani, {ko} :
22125 Korean, {kos} : Kosraean, {kpe} : Kpelle, {kro} : Kru, {kj} : Kuanyama,
22126 {kum} : Kumyk, {ku} : Kurdish, {kru} : Kurukh, {kut} : Kutenai, {lad} :
22127 Ladino, {lah} : Lahnda, {lam} : Lamba, {lo} : Lao, {la} : Latin, {lv} :
22128 Latvian, {lb} : Letzeburgesch, {lez} : Lezghian, {li} : Limburgish, {ln} :
22129 Lingala, {lt} : Lithuanian, {nds} : Low German, {art-lojban} : Lojban
22130 (Artificial), {loz} : Lozi, {lu} : Luba-Katanga, {lua} : Luba-Lulua, {lui}
22131 : Luiseno, {lun} : Lunda, {luo} : Luo (Kenya and Tanzania), {lus} : Lushai,
22132 {mk} : Macedonian, {mad} : Madurese, {mag} : Magahi, {mai} : Maithili,
22133 {mak} : Makasar, {mg} : Malagasy, {ms} : Malay, {ml} : Malayalam, {mt} :
22134 Maltese, {mnc} : Manchu, {mdr} : Mandar, {man} : Mandingo, {mni} :
22135 Manipuri, [{mno} : Manobo languages], {gv} : Manx, {mi} : Maori, {mr} :
22136 Marathi, {chm} : Mari, {mh} : Marshall, {mwr} : Marwari, {mas} : Masai,
22137 [{myn} : Mayan languages], {men} : Mende, {mic} : Micmac, {min} :
22138 Minangkabau, {i-mingo} : Mingo, [{mis} : Miscellaneous languages], {moh} :
22139 Mohawk, {mdf} : Moksha, {mo} : Moldavian, [{mkh} : Mon-Khmer (Other)],
22140 {lol} : Mongo, {mn} : Mongolian, {mos} : Mossi, [{mul} : Multiple
22141 languages], [{mun} : Munda languages], {nah} : Nahuatl, {nap} : Neapolitan,
22142 {na} : Nauru, {nv} : Navajo, {nd} : North Ndebele, {nr} : South Ndebele,
22143 {ng} : Ndonga, {ne} : Nepali, {new} : Newari, {nia} : Nias, [{nic} :
22144 Niger-Kordofanian (Other)], [{ssa} : Nilo-Saharan (Other)], {niu} : Niuean,
22145 {nog} : Nogai, {non} : Old Norse, [{nai} : North American Indian], {no} :
22146 Norwegian, {nb} : Norwegian Bokmal, {nn} : Norwegian Nynorsk, [{nub} :
22147 Nubian languages], {nym} : Nyamwezi, {nyn} : Nyankole, {nyo} : Nyoro, {nzi}
22148 : Nzima, {oc} : Occitan (post 1500), {oj} : Ojibwa, {or} : Oriya, {om} :
22149 Oromo, {osa} : Osage, {os} : Ossetian; Ossetic, [{oto} : Otomian
22150 languages], {pal} : Pahlavi, {i-pwn} : Paiwan, {pau} : Palauan, {pi} :
22151 Pali, {pam} : Pampanga, {pag} : Pangasinan, {pa} : Panjabi, {pap} :
22152 Papiamento, [{paa} : Papuan (Other)], {fa} : Persian, {peo} : Old Persian
22153 (ca.600-400 B.C.), [{phi} : Philippine (Other)], {phn} : Phoenician, {pon}
22154 : Pohnpeian, {pl} : Polish, {pt} : Portuguese, [{pra} : Prakrit languages],
22155 {pro} : Old Provencal (to 1500), {ps} : Pushto, {qu} : Quechua, {rm} :
22156 Raeto-Romance, {raj} : Rajasthani, {rap} : Rapanui, {rar} : Rarotongan,
22157 [{qaa - qtz} : Reserved for local use.], [{roa} : Romance (Other)], {ro} :
22158 Romanian, {rom} : Romany, {rn} : Rundi, {ru} : Russian, [{sal} : Salishan
22159 languages], {sam} : Samaritan Aramaic, {se} : Northern Sami, {sma} :
22160 Southern Sami, {smn} : Inari Sami, {smj} : Lule Sami, {sms} : Skolt Sami,
22161 [{smi} : Sami languages (Other)], {sm} : Samoan, {sad} : Sandawe, {sg} :
22162 Sango, {sa} : Sanskrit, {sat} : Santali, {sc} : Sardinian, {sas} : Sasak,
22163 {sco} : Scots, {sel} : Selkup, [{sem} : Semitic (Other)], {sr} : Serbian,
22164 {srr} : Serer, {shn} : Shan, {sn} : Shona, {sid} : Sidamo, {sgn-...} : Sign
22165 Languages, {bla} : Siksika, {sd} : Sindhi, {si} : Sinhalese, [{sit} :
22166 Sino-Tibetan (Other)], [{sio} : Siouan languages], {den} : Slave
22167 (Athapascan), [{sla} : Slavic (Other)], {sk} : Slovak, {sl} : Slovenian,
22168 {sog} : Sogdian, {so} : Somali, {son} : Songhai, {snk} : Soninke, {wen} :
22169 Sorbian languages, {nso} : Northern Sotho, {st} : Southern Sotho, [{sai} :
22170 South American Indian (Other)], {es} : Spanish, {suk} : Sukuma, {sux} :
22171 Sumerian, {su} : Sundanese, {sus} : Susu, {sw} : Swahili, {ss} : Swati,
22172 {sv} : Swedish, {syr} : Syriac, {tl} : Tagalog, {ty} : Tahitian, [{tai} :
22173 Tai (Other)], {tg} : Tajik, {tmh} : Tamashek, {ta} : Tamil, {i-tao} : Tao,
22174 {tt} : Tatar, {i-tay} : Tayal, {te} : Telugu, {ter} : Tereno, {tet} :
22175 Tetum, {th} : Thai, {bo} : Tibetan, {tig} : Tigre, {ti} : Tigrinya, {tem} :
22176 Timne, {tiv} : Tiv, {tli} : Tlingit, {tpi} : Tok Pisin, {tkl} : Tokelau,
22177 {tog} : Tonga (Nyasa), {to} : Tonga (Tonga Islands), {tsi} : Tsimshian,
22178 {ts} : Tsonga, {i-tsu} : Tsou, {tn} : Tswana, {tum} : Tumbuka, [{tup} :
22179 Tupi languages], {tr} : Turkish, {ota} : Ottoman Turkish (1500-1928), {crh}
22180 : Crimean Turkish, {tk} : Turkmen, {tvl} : Tuvalu, {tyv} : Tuvinian, {tw} :
22181 Twi, {udm} : Udmurt, {uga} : Ugaritic, {ug} : Uighur, {uk} : Ukrainian,
22182 {umb} : Umbundu, {und} : Undetermined, {ur} : Urdu, {uz} : Uzbek, {vai} :
22183 Vai, {ve} : Venda, {vi} : Vietnamese, {vo} : Volapuk, {vot} : Votic, [{wak}
22184 : Wakashan languages], {wa} : Walloon, {wal} : Walamo, {war} : Waray, {was}
22185 : Washo, {cy} : Welsh, {wo} : Wolof, {x-...} : Unregistered (Semi-Private
22186 Use), {xh} : Xhosa, {sah} : Yakut, {yao} : Yao, {yap} : Yapese, {ii} :
22187 Sichuan Yi, {yi} : Yiddish, {yo} : Yoruba, [{ypk} : Yupik languages], {znd}
22188 : Zande, [{zap} : Zapotec], {zen} : Zenaga, {za} : Zhuang, {zu} : Zulu,
22193 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER
22199 =head2 I18N::Langinfo - query locale information
22217 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
22221 =head2 IO - load various IO modules
22233 =head2 IO::Compress::Base - Base Class for IO::Compress modules
22245 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
22247 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
22251 =head2 IO::Compress::Deflate - Write RFC 1950 files/buffers
22259 =item Functional Interface
22263 =item deflate $input => $output [, OPTS]
22265 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
22266 FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array
22267 Reference, An Output FileGlob
22271 =item Optional Parameters
22273 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< BinModeIn => 0|1 >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>
22285 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
22287 =item Constructor Options
22289 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>, A Buffer, A Filename, A
22290 Filehandle, C<< Merge => 0|1 >>, -Level, -Strategy, C<< Strict => 0|1 >>
22322 =item input_line_number
22328 =item newStream([OPTS])
22330 =item deflateParams
22336 :all, :constants, :flush, :level, :strategy
22344 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
22346 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
22350 =head2 IO::Compress::Gzip - Write RFC 1952 files/buffers
22358 =item Functional Interface
22362 =item gzip $input => $output [, OPTS]
22364 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
22365 FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array
22366 Reference, An Output FileGlob
22370 =item Optional Parameters
22372 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< BinModeIn => 0|1 >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>
22384 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
22386 =item Constructor Options
22388 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>, A Buffer, A Filename, A
22389 Filehandle, C<< Merge => 0|1 >>, -Level, -Strategy, C<< Minimal => 0|1 >>,
22390 C<< Comment => $comment >>, C<< Name => $string >>, C<< Time => $number >>,
22391 C<< TextFlag => 0|1 >>, C<< HeaderCRC => 0|1 >>, C<< OS_Code => $value >>,
22392 C<< ExtraField => $data >>, C<< ExtraFlags => $value >>, C<< Strict => 0|1
22425 =item input_line_number
22431 =item newStream([OPTS])
22433 =item deflateParams
22439 :all, :constants, :flush, :level, :strategy
22447 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
22449 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
22453 =head2 IO::Compress::RawDeflate - Write RFC 1951 files/buffers
22461 =item Functional Interface
22465 =item rawdeflate $input => $output [, OPTS]
22467 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
22468 FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array
22469 Reference, An Output FileGlob
22473 =item Optional Parameters
22475 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< BinModeIn => 0|1 >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>
22487 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
22489 =item Constructor Options
22491 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>, A Buffer, A Filename, A
22492 Filehandle, C<< Merge => 0|1 >>, -Level, -Strategy, C<< Strict => 0|1 >>
22524 =item input_line_number
22530 =item newStream([OPTS])
22532 =item deflateParams
22538 :all, :constants, :flush, :level, :strategy
22546 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
22548 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
22552 =head2 IO::Compress::Zip - Write zip files/buffers
22560 =item Functional Interface
22564 =item zip $input => $output [, OPTS]
22566 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
22567 FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array
22568 Reference, An Output FileGlob
22572 =item Optional Parameters
22574 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< BinModeIn => 0|1 >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>
22586 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
22588 =item Constructor Options
22590 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>, A Buffer, A Filename, A
22591 Filehandle, C<< Name => $string >>, C<< Time => $number >>, C<< ExtAttr =>
22592 $attr >>, C<< exTime => [$atime, $mtime, $ctime] >>, C<< Comment =>
22593 $comment >>, C<< ZipComment => $comment >>, C<< Method => $method >>, C<<
22594 Stream => 0|1 >>, C<< Zip64 => 0|1 >>, C<< TextFlag => 0|1 >>, C<<
22595 ExtraFieldLocal => $data >> =item C<< ExtraFieldCentral => $data >>, C<<
22596 Minimal => 1|0 >>, C<< BlockSize100K => number >>, C<< WorkFactor => number
22597 >>, -Level, -Strategy, C<< Strict => 0|1 >>
22629 =item input_line_number
22635 =item newStream([OPTS])
22637 =item deflateParams
22643 :all, :constants, :flush, :level, :strategy, :zip_method
22651 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
22653 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
22657 =head2 IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory handles
22665 new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (),
22666 rewind (), close (), tie %hash, 'IO::Dir', DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ]
22676 =head2 IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles
22686 new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile
22690 open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), open( FILENAME, IOLAYERS ), binmode(
22701 =head2 IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O handles
22711 new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE )
22715 $io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines,
22716 $io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ), $io->error,
22717 $io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush ( ARGS ),
22718 $io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint
22730 =head2 IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes
22740 new ( [READER, WRITER] )
22744 reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles ()
22754 =head2 IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call
22764 mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ), remove (
22765 IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] )
22775 =head2 IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for I/O objects
22783 $io->getpos, $io->setpos, $io->seek ( POS, WHENCE ), WHENCE=0 (SEEK_SET),
22784 WHENCE=1 (SEEK_CUR), WHENCE=2 (SEEK_END), $io->sysseek( POS, WHENCE ),
22793 =head2 IO::Select - OO interface to the select system call
22803 new ( [ HANDLES ] )
22807 add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read (
22808 [ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ),
22809 count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, EXCEPTION [, TIMEOUT ] )
22819 =head2 IO::Socket - Object interface to socket communications
22833 accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), atmark, connected,
22834 protocol, sockdomain, sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), socktype, timeout([VAL])
22844 =head2 IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for AF_INET domain sockets
22860 sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost
22873 =head2 IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for AF_UNIX domain sockets
22887 hostpath(), peerpath()
22897 =head2 IO::Uncompress::AnyInflate - Uncompress zlib-based (zip, gzip)
22906 RFC 1950, RFC 1951 (optionally), gzip (RFC 1952), zip
22908 =item Functional Interface
22912 =item anyinflate $input => $output [, OPTS]
22914 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
22915 FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array
22916 Reference, An Output FileGlob
22920 =item Optional Parameters
22922 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< BinModeOut => 0|1 >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>,
22923 C<< MultiStream => 0|1 >>, C<< TrailingData => $scalar >>
22935 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
22937 =item Constructor Options
22939 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< MultiStream => 0|1 >>, C<< Prime => $string
22940 >>, C<< Transparent => 0|1 >>, C<< BlockSize => $num >>, C<< InputLength =>
22941 $size >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>, C<< Strict => 0|1 >>, C<< RawInflate => 0|1
22942 >>, C<< ParseExtra => 0|1 >> If the gzip FEXTRA header field is present and
22943 this option is set, it will force the module to check that it conforms to
22944 the sub-field structure as defined in RFC 1952
22966 =item getHeaderInfo
22980 =item input_line_number
23002 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
23004 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
23008 =head2 IO::Uncompress::AnyUncompress - Uncompress gzip, zip, bzip2 or lzop
23017 RFC 1950, RFC 1951 (optionally), gzip (RFC 1952), zip, bzip2, lzop, lzf
23019 =item Functional Interface
23023 =item anyuncompress $input => $output [, OPTS]
23025 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
23026 FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array
23027 Reference, An Output FileGlob
23031 =item Optional Parameters
23033 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< BinModeOut => 0|1 >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>,
23034 C<< MultiStream => 0|1 >>, C<< TrailingData => $scalar >>
23046 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
23048 =item Constructor Options
23050 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< MultiStream => 0|1 >>, C<< Prime => $string
23051 >>, C<< Transparent => 0|1 >>, C<< BlockSize => $num >>, C<< InputLength =>
23052 $size >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>, C<< Strict => 0|1 >>, C<< RawInflate => 0|1
23073 =item getHeaderInfo
23087 =item input_line_number
23109 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
23111 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
23115 =head2 IO::Uncompress::Base - Base Class for IO::Uncompress modules
23127 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
23129 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
23133 =head2 IO::Uncompress::Gunzip - Read RFC 1952 files/buffers
23141 =item Functional Interface
23145 =item gunzip $input => $output [, OPTS]
23147 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
23148 FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array
23149 Reference, An Output FileGlob
23153 =item Optional Parameters
23155 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< BinModeOut => 0|1 >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>,
23156 C<< MultiStream => 0|1 >>, C<< TrailingData => $scalar >>
23168 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
23170 =item Constructor Options
23172 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< MultiStream => 0|1 >>, C<< Prime => $string
23173 >>, C<< Transparent => 0|1 >>, C<< BlockSize => $num >>, C<< InputLength =>
23174 $size >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>, C<< Strict => 0|1 >>, C<< ParseExtra => 0|1
23175 >> If the gzip FEXTRA header field is present and this option is set, it
23176 will force the module to check that it conforms to the sub-field structure
23177 as defined in RFC 1952
23199 =item getHeaderInfo
23215 =item input_line_number
23237 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
23239 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
23243 =head2 IO::Uncompress::Inflate - Read RFC 1950 files/buffers
23251 =item Functional Interface
23255 =item inflate $input => $output [, OPTS]
23257 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
23258 FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array
23259 Reference, An Output FileGlob
23263 =item Optional Parameters
23265 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< BinModeOut => 0|1 >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>,
23266 C<< MultiStream => 0|1 >>, C<< TrailingData => $scalar >>
23278 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
23280 =item Constructor Options
23282 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< MultiStream => 0|1 >>, C<< Prime => $string
23283 >>, C<< Transparent => 0|1 >>, C<< BlockSize => $num >>, C<< InputLength =>
23284 $size >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>, C<< Strict => 0|1 >>
23306 =item getHeaderInfo
23320 =item input_line_number
23342 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
23344 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
23348 =head2 IO::Uncompress::RawInflate - Read RFC 1951 files/buffers
23356 =item Functional Interface
23360 =item rawinflate $input => $output [, OPTS]
23362 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
23363 FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array
23364 Reference, An Output FileGlob
23368 =item Optional Parameters
23370 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< BinModeOut => 0|1 >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>,
23371 C<< MultiStream => 0|1 >>, C<< TrailingData => $scalar >>
23383 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
23385 =item Constructor Options
23387 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< MultiStream => 0|1 >>, C<< Prime => $string
23388 >>, C<< Transparent => 0|1 >>, C<< BlockSize => $num >>, C<< InputLength =>
23389 $size >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>, C<< Strict => 0|1 >>
23411 =item getHeaderInfo
23425 =item input_line_number
23447 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
23449 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
23453 =head2 IO::Uncompress::Unzip - Read zip files/buffers
23461 =item Functional Interface
23465 =item unzip $input => $output [, OPTS]
23467 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
23468 FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array
23469 Reference, An Output FileGlob
23473 =item Optional Parameters
23475 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< BinModeOut => 0|1 >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>,
23476 C<< MultiStream => 0|1 >>, C<< TrailingData => $scalar >>
23488 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
23490 =item Constructor Options
23492 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< MultiStream => 0|1 >>, C<< Prime => $string
23493 >>, C<< Transparent => 0|1 >>, C<< BlockSize => $num >>, C<< InputLength =>
23494 $size >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>, C<< Strict => 0|1 >>
23516 =item getHeaderInfo
23530 =item input_line_number
23552 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
23554 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
23558 =head2 IO::Zlib - IO:: style interface to L<Compress::Zlib>
23570 =item OBJECT METHODS
23572 open ( FILENAME, MODE ), opened, close, getc, getline, getlines, print (
23573 ARGS... ), read ( BUF, NBYTES, [OFFSET] ), eof, seek ( OFFSET, WHENCE ),
23574 tell, setpos ( POS ), getpos ( POS )
23576 =item USING THE EXTERNAL GZIP
23578 =item CLASS METHODS
23580 has_Compress_Zlib, gzip_external, gzip_used, gzip_read_open,
23585 IO::Zlib::getlines: must be called in list context,
23586 IO::Zlib::gzopen_external: mode '...' is illegal, IO::Zlib::import: '...'
23587 is illegal, IO::Zlib::import: ':gzip_external' requires an argument,
23588 IO::Zlib::import: 'gzip_read_open' requires an argument, IO::Zlib::import:
23589 'gzip_read' '...' is illegal, IO::Zlib::import: 'gzip_write_open' requires
23590 an argument, IO::Zlib::import: 'gzip_write_open' '...' is illegal,
23591 IO::Zlib::import: no Compress::Zlib and no external gzip, IO::Zlib::open:
23592 needs a filename, IO::Zlib::READ: NBYTES must be specified,
23593 IO::Zlib::WRITE: too long LENGTH, IO::Zlib::WRITE: OFFSET is not supported
23603 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Dir, IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory
23612 new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (),
23613 rewind (), close (), tie %hash, 'IO::Dir', DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ]
23623 =head2 IO::lib::IO::File, IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles
23633 new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile
23637 open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), open( FILENAME, IOLAYERS ), binmode(
23648 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Handle, IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O
23659 new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE )
23663 $io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines,
23664 $io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ), $io->error,
23665 $io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush ( ARGS ),
23666 $io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint
23678 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Pipe, IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes
23688 new ( [READER, WRITER] )
23692 reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles ()
23702 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Poll, IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call
23712 mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ), remove (
23713 IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] )
23723 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Seekable, IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for
23732 $io->getpos, $io->setpos, $io->seek ( POS, WHENCE ), WHENCE=0 (SEEK_SET),
23733 WHENCE=1 (SEEK_CUR), WHENCE=2 (SEEK_END), $io->sysseek( POS, WHENCE ),
23742 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Select, IO::Select - OO interface to the select system
23753 new ( [ HANDLES ] )
23757 add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read (
23758 [ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ),
23759 count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, EXCEPTION [, TIMEOUT ] )
23769 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket, IO::Socket - Object interface to socket
23784 accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), atmark, connected,
23785 protocol, sockdomain, sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), socktype, timeout([VAL])
23795 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket::INET, IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for
23796 AF_INET domain sockets
23812 sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost
23825 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket::UNIX, IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for
23826 AF_UNIX domain sockets
23840 hostpath(), peerpath()
23850 =head2 IO_Compress_Base::lib::File::GlobMapper, File::GlobMapper - Extend
23851 File Glob to Allow Input and Output Files
23859 This code is a work in progress, There are known bugs, The interface
23860 defined here is tentative, There are portability issues, Do not use in
23861 production code, Consider yourself warned!
23865 =item Behind The Scenes
23869 =item Input File Glob
23871 B<~>, B<~user>, B<.>, B<*>, B<?>, B<\>, B<[]>, B<{,}>, B<()>
23873 =item Output File Glob
23877 =item Returned Data
23885 =item A Rename script
23887 =item A few example globmaps
23895 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
23899 =head2 IO_Compress_Base::lib::IO::Compress::Base, IO::Compress::Base - Base
23900 Class for IO::Compress modules
23912 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
23914 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
23918 =head2 IO_Compress_Base::lib::IO::Uncompress::AnyUncompress,
23919 IO::Uncompress::AnyUncompress - Uncompress gzip, zip, bzip2 or lzop
23928 RFC 1950, RFC 1951 (optionally), gzip (RFC 1952), zip, bzip2, lzop, lzf
23930 =item Functional Interface
23934 =item anyuncompress $input => $output [, OPTS]
23936 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
23937 FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array
23938 Reference, An Output FileGlob
23942 =item Optional Parameters
23944 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< BinModeOut => 0|1 >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>,
23945 C<< MultiStream => 0|1 >>, C<< TrailingData => $scalar >>
23957 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
23959 =item Constructor Options
23961 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< MultiStream => 0|1 >>, C<< Prime => $string
23962 >>, C<< Transparent => 0|1 >>, C<< BlockSize => $num >>, C<< InputLength =>
23963 $size >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>, C<< Strict => 0|1 >>, C<< RawInflate => 0|1
23984 =item getHeaderInfo
23998 =item input_line_number
24020 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
24022 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
24026 =head2 IO_Compress_Base::lib::IO::Uncompress::Base, IO::Uncompress::Base -
24027 Base Class for IO::Uncompress modules
24039 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
24041 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
24045 =head2 IO_Compress_Zlib::IO::Compress::Deflate, IO::Compress::Deflate -
24046 Write RFC 1950 files/buffers
24054 =item Functional Interface
24058 =item deflate $input => $output [, OPTS]
24060 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
24061 FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array
24062 Reference, An Output FileGlob
24066 =item Optional Parameters
24068 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< BinModeIn => 0|1 >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>
24080 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
24082 =item Constructor Options
24084 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>, A Buffer, A Filename, A
24085 Filehandle, C<< Merge => 0|1 >>, -Level, -Strategy, C<< Strict => 0|1 >>
24117 =item input_line_number
24123 =item newStream([OPTS])
24125 =item deflateParams
24131 :all, :constants, :flush, :level, :strategy
24139 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
24141 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
24145 =head2 IO_Compress_Zlib::IO::Compress::Gzip, IO::Compress::Gzip - Write RFC
24154 =item Functional Interface
24158 =item gzip $input => $output [, OPTS]
24160 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
24161 FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array
24162 Reference, An Output FileGlob
24166 =item Optional Parameters
24168 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< BinModeIn => 0|1 >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>
24180 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
24182 =item Constructor Options
24184 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>, A Buffer, A Filename, A
24185 Filehandle, C<< Merge => 0|1 >>, -Level, -Strategy, C<< Minimal => 0|1 >>,
24186 C<< Comment => $comment >>, C<< Name => $string >>, C<< Time => $number >>,
24187 C<< TextFlag => 0|1 >>, C<< HeaderCRC => 0|1 >>, C<< OS_Code => $value >>,
24188 C<< ExtraField => $data >>, C<< ExtraFlags => $value >>, C<< Strict => 0|1
24221 =item input_line_number
24227 =item newStream([OPTS])
24229 =item deflateParams
24235 :all, :constants, :flush, :level, :strategy
24243 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
24245 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
24249 =head2 IO_Compress_Zlib::IO::Compress::RawDeflate, IO::Compress::RawDeflate
24250 - Write RFC 1951 files/buffers
24258 =item Functional Interface
24262 =item rawdeflate $input => $output [, OPTS]
24264 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
24265 FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array
24266 Reference, An Output FileGlob
24270 =item Optional Parameters
24272 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< BinModeIn => 0|1 >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>
24284 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
24286 =item Constructor Options
24288 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>, A Buffer, A Filename, A
24289 Filehandle, C<< Merge => 0|1 >>, -Level, -Strategy, C<< Strict => 0|1 >>
24321 =item input_line_number
24327 =item newStream([OPTS])
24329 =item deflateParams
24335 :all, :constants, :flush, :level, :strategy
24343 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
24345 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
24349 =head2 IO_Compress_Zlib::IO::Compress::Zip, IO::Compress::Zip - Write zip
24358 =item Functional Interface
24362 =item zip $input => $output [, OPTS]
24364 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
24365 FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array
24366 Reference, An Output FileGlob
24370 =item Optional Parameters
24372 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< BinModeIn => 0|1 >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>
24384 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
24386 =item Constructor Options
24388 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>, A Buffer, A Filename, A
24389 Filehandle, C<< Name => $string >>, C<< Time => $number >>, C<< ExtAttr =>
24390 $attr >>, C<< exTime => [$atime, $mtime, $ctime] >>, C<< Comment =>
24391 $comment >>, C<< ZipComment => $comment >>, C<< Method => $method >>, C<<
24392 Stream => 0|1 >>, C<< Zip64 => 0|1 >>, C<< TextFlag => 0|1 >>, C<<
24393 ExtraFieldLocal => $data >> =item C<< ExtraFieldCentral => $data >>, C<<
24394 Minimal => 1|0 >>, C<< BlockSize100K => number >>, C<< WorkFactor => number
24395 >>, -Level, -Strategy, C<< Strict => 0|1 >>
24427 =item input_line_number
24433 =item newStream([OPTS])
24435 =item deflateParams
24441 :all, :constants, :flush, :level, :strategy, :zip_method
24449 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
24451 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
24455 =head2 IO_Compress_Zlib::IO::Uncompress::AnyInflate,
24456 IO::Uncompress::AnyInflate - Uncompress zlib-based (zip, gzip) file/buffer
24464 RFC 1950, RFC 1951 (optionally), gzip (RFC 1952), zip
24466 =item Functional Interface
24470 =item anyinflate $input => $output [, OPTS]
24472 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
24473 FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array
24474 Reference, An Output FileGlob
24478 =item Optional Parameters
24480 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< BinModeOut => 0|1 >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>,
24481 C<< MultiStream => 0|1 >>, C<< TrailingData => $scalar >>
24493 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
24495 =item Constructor Options
24497 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< MultiStream => 0|1 >>, C<< Prime => $string
24498 >>, C<< Transparent => 0|1 >>, C<< BlockSize => $num >>, C<< InputLength =>
24499 $size >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>, C<< Strict => 0|1 >>, C<< RawInflate => 0|1
24500 >>, C<< ParseExtra => 0|1 >> If the gzip FEXTRA header field is present and
24501 this option is set, it will force the module to check that it conforms to
24502 the sub-field structure as defined in RFC 1952
24524 =item getHeaderInfo
24538 =item input_line_number
24560 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
24562 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
24566 =head2 IO_Compress_Zlib::IO::Uncompress::Gunzip, IO::Uncompress::Gunzip -
24567 Read RFC 1952 files/buffers
24575 =item Functional Interface
24579 =item gunzip $input => $output [, OPTS]
24581 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
24582 FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array
24583 Reference, An Output FileGlob
24587 =item Optional Parameters
24589 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< BinModeOut => 0|1 >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>,
24590 C<< MultiStream => 0|1 >>, C<< TrailingData => $scalar >>
24602 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
24604 =item Constructor Options
24606 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< MultiStream => 0|1 >>, C<< Prime => $string
24607 >>, C<< Transparent => 0|1 >>, C<< BlockSize => $num >>, C<< InputLength =>
24608 $size >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>, C<< Strict => 0|1 >>, C<< ParseExtra => 0|1
24609 >> If the gzip FEXTRA header field is present and this option is set, it
24610 will force the module to check that it conforms to the sub-field structure
24611 as defined in RFC 1952
24633 =item getHeaderInfo
24649 =item input_line_number
24671 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
24673 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
24677 =head2 IO_Compress_Zlib::IO::Uncompress::Inflate, IO::Uncompress::Inflate -
24678 Read RFC 1950 files/buffers
24686 =item Functional Interface
24690 =item inflate $input => $output [, OPTS]
24692 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
24693 FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array
24694 Reference, An Output FileGlob
24698 =item Optional Parameters
24700 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< BinModeOut => 0|1 >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>,
24701 C<< MultiStream => 0|1 >>, C<< TrailingData => $scalar >>
24713 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
24715 =item Constructor Options
24717 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< MultiStream => 0|1 >>, C<< Prime => $string
24718 >>, C<< Transparent => 0|1 >>, C<< BlockSize => $num >>, C<< InputLength =>
24719 $size >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>, C<< Strict => 0|1 >>
24741 =item getHeaderInfo
24755 =item input_line_number
24777 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
24779 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
24783 =head2 IO_Compress_Zlib::IO::Uncompress::RawInflate,
24784 IO::Uncompress::RawInflate - Read RFC 1951 files/buffers
24792 =item Functional Interface
24796 =item rawinflate $input => $output [, OPTS]
24798 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
24799 FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array
24800 Reference, An Output FileGlob
24804 =item Optional Parameters
24806 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< BinModeOut => 0|1 >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>,
24807 C<< MultiStream => 0|1 >>, C<< TrailingData => $scalar >>
24819 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
24821 =item Constructor Options
24823 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< MultiStream => 0|1 >>, C<< Prime => $string
24824 >>, C<< Transparent => 0|1 >>, C<< BlockSize => $num >>, C<< InputLength =>
24825 $size >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>, C<< Strict => 0|1 >>
24847 =item getHeaderInfo
24861 =item input_line_number
24883 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
24885 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
24889 =head2 IO_Compress_Zlib::IO::Uncompress::Unzip, IO::Uncompress::Unzip -
24890 Read zip files/buffers
24898 =item Functional Interface
24902 =item unzip $input => $output [, OPTS]
24904 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
24905 FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array
24906 Reference, An Output FileGlob
24910 =item Optional Parameters
24912 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< BinModeOut => 0|1 >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>,
24913 C<< MultiStream => 0|1 >>, C<< TrailingData => $scalar >>
24925 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
24927 =item Constructor Options
24929 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< MultiStream => 0|1 >>, C<< Prime => $string
24930 >>, C<< Transparent => 0|1 >>, C<< BlockSize => $num >>, C<< InputLength =>
24931 $size >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>, C<< Strict => 0|1 >>
24953 =item getHeaderInfo
24967 =item input_line_number
24989 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
24991 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
24995 =head2 IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class
25005 new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set
25006 ( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [,
25017 =head2 IPC::Open2, open2 - open a process for both reading and writing
25031 =head2 IPC::Open3, open3 - open a process for reading, writing, and error
25042 L<IPC::Open2>, L<IPC::Run>
25048 =head2 IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object class
25058 new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ),
25059 getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ),
25060 set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N
25071 =head2 IPC::SysV - SysV IPC constants
25089 =head2 IPC::SysV::Msg, IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class
25099 new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set
25100 ( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [,
25111 =head2 IPC::SysV::Semaphore, IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object
25122 new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ),
25123 getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ),
25124 set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N
25135 =head2 IPCmd, IPC::Cmd - finding and running system commands made easy
25143 =item CLASS METHODS
25147 =item $bool = IPC::Cmd->can_use_ipc_run( [VERBOSE] )
25155 =item $bool = IPC::Cmd->can_use_ipc_open3( [VERBOSE] )
25161 =item $bool = IPC::Cmd->can_capture_buffer
25171 =item $path = can_run( PROGRAM );
25179 =item $ok | ($ok, $err, $full_buf, $stdout_buff, $stderr_buff) = run(
25180 command => COMMAND, [verbose => BOOL, buffer => \$SCALAR] );
25182 command, verbose, buffer, success, errorcode, full_buffer, out_buffer,
25191 =item Global Variables
25195 =item $IPC::Cmd::VERBOSE
25197 =item $IPC::Cmd::USE_IPC_RUN
25199 =item $IPC::Cmd::USE_IPC_OPEN3
25201 =item $IPC::Cmd::WARN
25207 Whitespace, IO Redirect
25211 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
25221 =head2 List::Util - A selection of general-utility list subroutines
25229 first BLOCK LIST, max LIST, maxstr LIST, min LIST, minstr LIST, reduce
25230 BLOCK LIST, shuffle LIST, sum LIST
25234 =item SUGGESTED ADDITIONS
25242 =head2 List::Utilib::List::Util, List::Util - A selection of
25243 general-utility list subroutines
25251 first BLOCK LIST, max LIST, maxstr LIST, min LIST, minstr LIST, reduce
25252 BLOCK LIST, shuffle LIST, sum LIST
25256 =item SUGGESTED ADDITIONS
25264 =head2 List::Utilib::Scalar::Util, Scalar::Util - A selection of
25265 general-utility scalar subroutines
25273 blessed EXPR, dualvar NUM, STRING, isvstring EXPR, isweak EXPR,
25274 looks_like_number EXPR, openhandle FH, refaddr EXPR, reftype EXPR,
25275 set_prototype CODEREF, PROTOTYPE, tainted EXPR, weaken REF
25287 =head2 Locale::Constants - constants for Locale codes
25295 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
25299 Locale::Language, Locale::Country, Locale::Script, Locale::Currency
25307 =head2 Locale::Country - ISO codes for country identification (ISO 3166)
25315 B<alpha-2>, B<alpha-3>, B<numeric>
25317 =item CONVERSION ROUTINES
25319 code2country( CODE, [ CODESET ] ), country2code( STRING, [ CODESET ] ),
25320 country_code2code( CODE, CODESET, CODESET )
25322 =item QUERY ROUTINES
25324 C<all_country_codes( [ CODESET ] )>, C<all_country_names( [ CODESET ] )>
25326 =item SEMI-PRIVATE ROUTINES
25332 =item rename_country
25340 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
25344 Locale::Language, Locale::Script, Locale::Currency, Locale::SubCountry, ISO
25345 3166-1, http://www.iso.org/iso/en/prods-services/iso3166ma/index.html,
25346 http://www.egt.ie/standards/iso3166/iso3166-1-en.html,
25347 http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/docs/app-d-1.html
25355 =head2 Locale::Currency - ISO three letter codes for currency
25356 identification (ISO 4217)
25366 =item CONVERSION ROUTINES
25368 code2currency(), currency2code()
25370 =item QUERY ROUTINES
25372 C<all_currency_codes()>, C<all_currency_names()>
25376 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
25380 Locale::Country, Locale::Script, ISO 4217:1995,
25381 http://www.bsi-global.com/iso4217currency
25389 =head2 Locale::Language - ISO two letter codes for language identification
25398 =item CONVERSION ROUTINES
25400 code2language(), language2code()
25402 =item QUERY ROUTINES
25404 C<all_language_codes()>, C<all_language_names()>
25408 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
25412 Locale::Country, Locale::Script, Locale::Currency, ISO 639:1988 (E/F),
25413 http://lcweb.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/langhome.html
25421 =head2 Locale::Maketext - framework for localization
25429 =item QUICK OVERVIEW
25435 =item Construction Methods
25437 =item The "maketext" Method
25439 $lh->fail_with I<or> $lh->fail_with(I<PARAM>), $lh->failure_handler_auto
25441 =item Utility Methods
25443 $language->quant($number, $singular), $language->quant($number, $singular,
25444 $plural), $language->quant($number, $singular, $plural, $negative),
25445 $language->numf($number), $language->sprintf($format, @items),
25446 $language->language_tag(), $language->encoding()
25448 =item Language Handle Attributes and Internals
25452 =item LANGUAGE CLASS HIERARCHIES
25454 =item ENTRIES IN EACH LEXICON
25456 =item BRACKET NOTATION
25458 =item AUTO LEXICONS
25460 =item CONTROLLING LOOKUP FAILURE
25462 =item HOW TO USE MAKETEXT
25466 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER
25472 =head2 Locale::Maketext::Simple - Simple interface to
25473 Locale::Maketext::Lexicon
25507 =item ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
25517 =item The "MIT" License
25523 =head2 Locale::Maketext::TPJ13 -- article about software localization
25531 =item Localization and Perl: gettext breaks, Maketext fixes
25535 =item A Localization Horror Story: It Could Happen To You
25537 =item The Linguistic View
25539 =item Breaking gettext
25541 =item Replacing gettext
25543 =item Buzzwords: Abstraction and Encapsulation
25545 =item Buzzword: Isomorphism
25547 =item Buzzword: Inheritance
25549 =item Buzzword: Concision
25551 =item The Devil in the Details
25553 =item The Proof in the Pudding: Localizing Web Sites
25561 =head2 Locale::Script - ISO codes for script identification (ISO 15924)
25569 B<alpha-2>, B<alpha-3>, B<numeric>
25573 =item SPECIAL CODES
25577 =item CONVERSION ROUTINES
25579 code2script( CODE, [ CODESET ] ), script2code( STRING, [ CODESET ] ),
25580 script_code2code( CODE, CODESET, CODESET )
25582 =item QUERY ROUTINES
25584 C<all_script_codes ( [ CODESET ] )>, C<all_script_names ( [ CODESET ] )>
25588 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
25592 Locale::Language, Locale::Currency, Locale::Country, ISO 15924,
25593 http://www.evertype.com/standards/iso15924/
25601 =head2 Log::Message - A generic message storing mechanism;
25611 Log::Message, Log::Message::Item, Log::Message::Handlers,
25612 Log::Message::Config
25616 config, private, verbose, tag, level, remove, chrono
25636 message, tag, level, extra
25644 tag, level, message, amount, chrono, remove
25672 =item Acknowledgements
25678 =head2 Log::Message::Config - Configuration options for Log::Message
25690 =item Acknowledgements
25696 =head2 Log::Message::Handlers - Message handlers for Log::Message
25704 =item Default Handlers
25758 =item Custom Handlers
25764 =item Acknowledgements
25770 =head2 Log::Message::Item - Message objects for Log::Message
25778 =item Methods and Accessors
25806 =item Acknowledgements
25812 =head2 Log::Message::Simple
25824 =item msg("message string" [,VERBOSE])
25826 =item debug("message string" [,VERBOSE])
25828 =item error("error string" [,VERBOSE])
25848 =item CLASS METHODS
25852 =item Log::Message::Simple->stack()
25854 =item Log::Message::Simple->stack_as_string([TRACE])
25856 =item Log::Message::Simple->flush()
25864 =item GLOBAL VARIABLES
25866 $ERROR_FH, $MSG_FH, $DEBUG_FH, $STACKTRACE_ON_ERROR
25870 =head2 MIME::Base64 - Encoding and decoding of base64 strings
25878 encode_base64($str), encode_base64($str, $eol);, decode_base64($str)
25882 Premature end of base64 data, Premature padding of base64 data, Wide
25883 character in subroutine entry
25893 =head2 MIME::Base64::QuotedPrint, MIME::QuotedPrint - Encoding and decoding
25894 of quoted-printable strings
25902 encode_qp($str), encode_qp($str, $eol), encode_qp($str, $eol, $binmode),
25911 =head2 MIME::QuotedPrint - Encoding and decoding of quoted-printable
25920 encode_qp($str), encode_qp($str, $eol), encode_qp($str, $eol, $binmode),
25929 =head2 Math::BigFloat - Arbitrary size floating point math package
25939 =item Canonical notation
25943 =item C<mantissa()>, C<exponent()> and C<parts()>
25945 =item Accuracy vs. Precision
25949 ffround ( +$scale ), ffround ( -$scale ), ffround ( 0 ), fround ( +$scale
25950 ), fround ( -$scale ) and fround ( 0 )
25980 =item Autocreating constants
25986 =item Using Math::BigInt::Lite
25996 stringify, bstr(), bdiv, brsft, Modifying and =, bpow, precision() vs.
26007 =head2 Math::BigInt - Arbitrary size integer/float math package
26045 =item is_one()/is_zero()/is_nan()/is_inf()
26047 =item is_pos()/is_neg()/is_positive()/is_negative()
26049 $x->is_pos(); # true if > 0
26050 $x->is_neg(); # true if < 0
26052 =item is_odd()/is_even()/is_int()
26148 =item as_int()/as_number()
26162 =item upgrade()/downgrade()
26170 =item ACCURACY and PRECISION
26180 =item Rounding mode R
26182 'trunc', 'even', 'odd', '+inf', '-inf', 'zero', 'common', Precision,
26183 Accuracy (significant digits), Setting/Accessing, Creating numbers, Usage,
26184 Precedence, Overriding globals, Local settings, Rounding, Default values,
26189 =item Infinity and Not a Number
26191 oct()/hex(), log(-inf), exp(), cos(), sin(), atan2()
26201 =item mantissa(), exponent() and parts()
26209 =item Autocreating constants
26215 =item Alternative math libraries
26221 =item Subclassing Math::BigInt
26229 bsqrt(), div(), blog(), bexp()
26237 bstr(), bsstr() and 'cmp', int(), length, bdiv, infinity handling,
26238 Modifying and =, bpow, Overloading -$x, Mixing different object types,
26249 =head2 Math::BigInt::Calc - Pure Perl module to support Math::BigInt
26261 =item WRAP YOUR OWN
26265 This program is free software; you may redistribute it and/or modify it
26267 the same terms as Perl itself.
26275 =head2 Math::BigInt::CalcEmu - Emulate low-level math with BigInt code
26297 This program is free software; you may redistribute it and/or modify it
26299 the same terms as Perl itself.
26307 =head2 Math::BigInt::FastCalc - Math::BigInt::Calc with some XS for more
26322 This program is free software; you may redistribute it and/or modify it
26324 the same terms as Perl itself.
26332 =head2 Math::BigRat - Arbitrary big rational numbers
26354 =item denominator()
26356 $d = $x->denominator();
26362 =item as_int()/as_number()
26370 =item from_hex()/from_bin()/from_oct()
26380 =item bround()/round()/bfround()
26390 =item is_pos()/is_positive()
26392 =item is_neg()/is_negative()
26414 =item badd()/bmul()/bsub()/bdiv()/bdec()/binc()
26418 =item bstr()/bsstr()
26420 =item bacmp()/bcmp()
26422 =item blsft()/brsft()
26436 inf handling (partial), NaN handling (partial), rounding (not implemented
26437 except for bceil/bfloor), $x ** $y where $y is not an integer, bmod(),
26438 blog(), bmodinv() and bmodpow() (partial)
26448 =head2 Math::Complex - complex numbers and associated mathematical
26465 =item CHANGED IN PERL 5.6
26477 =item ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO OR LOGARITHM OF ZERO
26479 =item ERRORS DUE TO INDIGESTIBLE ARGUMENTS
26487 =head2 Math::Trig - trigonometric functions
26495 =item TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS
26501 =item ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO
26503 =item SIMPLE (REAL) ARGUMENTS, COMPLEX RESULTS
26507 =item PLANE ANGLE CONVERSIONS
26509 deg2rad, grad2rad, rad2deg, grad2deg, deg2grad, rad2grad, rad2rad, deg2deg,
26512 =item RADIAL COORDINATE CONVERSIONS
26516 =item COORDINATE SYSTEMS
26518 =item 3-D ANGLE CONVERSIONS
26520 cartesian_to_cylindrical, cartesian_to_spherical, cylindrical_to_cartesian,
26521 cylindrical_to_spherical, spherical_to_cartesian, spherical_to_cylindrical
26525 =item GREAT CIRCLE DISTANCES AND DIRECTIONS
26529 =item great_circle_distance
26531 =item great_circle_direction
26533 =item great_circle_bearing
26535 =item great_circle_destination
26537 =item great_circle_midpoint
26539 =item great_circle_waypoint
26547 =item CAVEAT FOR GREAT CIRCLE FORMULAS
26557 =head2 Memoize - Make functions faster by trading space for time
26575 =item C<SCALAR_CACHE>, C<LIST_CACHE>
26577 C<MEMORY>, C<HASH>, C<TIE>, C<FAULT>, C<MERGE>
26581 =item OTHER FACILITIES
26587 =item C<flush_cache>
26593 =item PERSISTENT CACHE SUPPORT
26595 =item EXPIRATION SUPPORT
26603 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
26609 =head2 Memoize::AnyDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for AnyDBM_File for
26618 =head2 Memoize::Expire - Plug-in module for automatic expiration of
26629 TIEHASH, EXISTS, STORE
26641 =head2 Memoize::ExpireFile - test for Memoize expiration semantics
26649 =head2 Memoize::ExpireTest - test for Memoize expiration semantics
26657 =head2 Memoize::NDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for NDBM_File for
26666 =head2 Memoize::SDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for SDBM_File for
26675 =head2 Memoize::Storable - store Memoized data in Storable database
26683 =head2 Module::Build - Build and install Perl modules
26691 =item GUIDE TO DOCUMENTATION
26693 General Usage (L<Module::Build>), Authoring Reference
26694 (L<Module::Build::Authoring>), API Reference (L<Module::Build::API>),
26695 Cookbook (L<Module::Build::Cookbook>)
26699 build, clean, code, config_data, diff, dist, distcheck, distclean, distdir,
26700 distmeta, distsign, disttest, docs, fakeinstall, help, html, install,
26701 manifest, manpages, pardist, ppd, ppmdist, prereq_report, pure_install,
26702 realclean, retest, skipcheck, test, testall, testcover, testdb, testpod,
26703 testpodcoverage, versioninstall
26709 =item Command Line Options
26711 quiet, use_rcfile, verbose, allow_mb_mismatch
26713 =item Default Options File (F<.modulebuildrc>)
26717 =item INSTALL PATHS
26719 lib, arch, script, bin, bindoc, libdoc, binhtml, libhtml, installdirs,
26720 install_path, install_base, destdir, prefix
26736 =head2 Module::Build::API - API Reference for Module Authors
26746 current(), new(), add_to_cleanup, auto_features, autosplit, build_class,
26747 build_requires, create_packlist, c_source, conflicts, create_makefile_pl,
26748 create_readme, dist_abstract, dist_author, dist_name, dist_version,
26749 dist_version_from, dynamic_config, extra_compiler_flags,
26750 extra_linker_flags, get_options, type, store, default, include_dirs,
26751 install_path, installdirs, license, apache, artistic, artistic_2, bsd, gpl,
26752 lgpl, mit, mozilla, open_source, perl, restrictive, unrestricted, meta_add,
26753 meta_merge, module_name, PL_files, pm_files, pod_files, recommends,
26754 recursive_test_files, requires, script_files, sign, test_files, xs_files,
26755 new_from_context(%args), resume(), subclass()
26759 add_build_element($type), add_to_cleanup(@files), args(),
26760 autosplit_file($from, $to), base_dir(), build_requires(),
26761 check_installed_status($module, $version), check_installed_version($module,
26762 $version), compare_versions($v1, $op, $v2), config($key), config($key,
26763 $value), config() [deprecated], config_data($name), config_data($name =>
26764 $value), conflicts(), contains_pod($file), copy_if_modified(%parameters),
26765 create_build_script(), current_action(), depends_on(@actions),
26766 dir_contains($first_dir, $second_dir), dispatch($action, %args),
26767 dist_dir(), dist_name(), dist_version(), do_system($cmd, @args),
26768 feature($name), feature($name => $value), have_c_compiler(),
26769 install_base_relpaths(), install_base_relpaths($type),
26770 install_base_relpaths($type => $path), install_destination($type),
26771 install_path(), install_path($type), install_path($type => $path),
26772 install_types(), invoked_action(), notes(), notes($key), notes($key =>
26773 $value), orig_dir(), os_type(), is_vmsish(), is_windowsish(), is_unixish(),
26774 prefix_relpaths(), prefix_relpaths($installdirs),
26775 prefix_relpaths($installdirs, $type), prefix_relpaths($installdirs, $type
26776 => $path), prepare_metadata(), prereq_failures(), prereq_report(),
26777 prompt($message, $default), recommends(), requires(), rscan_dir($dir,
26778 $pattern), runtime_params(), runtime_params($key), script_files(),
26779 up_to_date($source_file, $derived_file), up_to_date(\@source_files,
26780 \@derived_files), y_n($message, $default)
26782 =item Autogenerated Accessors
26784 PL_files(), allow_mb_mismatch(), autosplit(), base_dir(), bindoc_dirs(),
26785 blib(), build_bat(), build_class(), build_elements(), build_requires(),
26786 build_script(), c_source(), config_dir(), configure_requires(),
26787 conflicts(), create_makefile_pl(), create_packlist(), create_readme(),
26788 debugger(), destdir(), get_options(), html_css(), include_dirs(),
26789 install_base(), install_sets(), installdirs(), libdoc_dirs(), license(),
26790 magic_number(), mb_version(), meta_add(), meta_merge(), metafile(),
26791 module_name(), orig_dir(), original_prefix(), perl(), pm_files(),
26792 pod_files(), pollute(), prefix(), prereq_action_types(), quiet(),
26793 recommends(), recurse_into(), recursive_test_files(), requires(),
26794 scripts(), use_rcfile(), verbose(), xs_files()
26798 =item MODULE METADATA
26800 keywords, resources
26810 =head2 Module::Build::Authoring - Authoring Module::Build modules
26820 =item PREREQUISITES
26824 =item Types of prerequisites
26826 configure_requires, build_requires, requires, recommends, conflicts
26828 =item Format of prerequisites
26830 =item XS Extensions
26834 =item SAVING CONFIGURATION INFORMATION
26836 =item STARTING MODULE DEVELOPMENT
26848 =head2 Module::Build::Base - Default methods for Module::Build
26864 =head2 Module::Build::Compat - Compatibility with ExtUtils::MakeMaker
26874 create_makefile_pl($style, $build), small, passthrough, traditional,
26875 run_build_pl(args => \@ARGV), args, script, write_makefile(), makefile
26887 =head2 Module::Build::ConfigData - Configuration for Module::Build
26897 config($name), feature($name), set_config($name, $value),
26898 set_feature($name, $value), config_names(), feature_names(),
26899 auto_feature_names(), write()
26905 =head2 Module::Build::Cookbook - Examples of Module::Build Usage
26911 =item BASIC RECIPES
26915 =item Installing modules that use Module::Build
26917 =item Modifying Config.pm values
26919 =item Installing modules using the programmatic interface
26921 =item Installing to a temporary directory
26923 =item Installing to a non-standard directory
26925 =item Installing in the same location as ExtUtils::MakeMaker
26927 =item Running a single test file
26931 =item ADVANCED RECIPES
26935 =item Making a CPAN.pm-compatible distribution
26937 =item Changing the order of the build process
26939 =item Adding new file types to the build process
26941 =item Adding new elements to the install process
26945 =item EXAMPLES ON CPAN
26949 =item SVN-Notify-Mirror
26951 1. Using C<auto_features>, I check to see whether two optional modules are
26952 available - SVN::Notify::Config and Net::SSH;, 2. If the S::N::Config
26953 module is loaded, I automatically generate testfiles for it during Build
26954 (using the C<PL_files> property), 3. If the C<ssh_feature> is available, I
26955 ask if the user wishes to perform the ssh tests (since it requires a little
26956 preliminary setup);, 4. Only if the user has C<ssh_feature> and answers yes
26957 to the testing, do I generate a test file
26959 =item Modifying an action
26971 =head2 Module::Build::ModuleInfo, ModuleInfo - Gather package and POD
26972 information from a perl module files
26978 new_from_file($filename, collect_pod => 1), new_from_module($module,
26979 collect_pod => 1, inc => \@dirs), name(), version($package), filename(),
26980 packages_inside(), pod_inside(), contains_pod(), pod($section),
26981 find_module_by_name($module, \@dirs), find_module_dir_by_name($module,
26992 =head2 Module::Build::Notes, $notes_name - Configuration for $module_name
27002 config(\$name), feature(\$name), set_config(\$name, \$value),
27003 set_feature(\$name, \$value), config_names(), feature_names(),
27004 auto_feature_names(), write()
27010 =head2 Module::Build::PPMMaker - Perl Package Manager file creation
27026 =head2 Module::Build::Platform::Amiga - Builder class for Amiga platforms
27038 =head2 Module::Build::Platform::Default - Stub class for unknown platforms
27050 =head2 Module::Build::Platform::EBCDIC - Builder class for EBCDIC platforms
27062 =head2 Module::Build::Platform::MPEiX - Builder class for MPEiX platforms
27074 =head2 Module::Build::Platform::MacOS - Builder class for MacOS platforms
27082 =item Overriden Methods
27084 new(), make_executable(), dispatch(), ACTION_realclean()
27094 =head2 Module::Build::Platform::RiscOS - Builder class for RiscOS platforms
27106 =head2 Module::Build::Platform::Unix - Builder class for Unix platforms
27118 =head2 Module::Build::Platform::VMS - Builder class for VMS platforms
27126 =item Overridden Methods
27160 find_perl_interpreter
27170 =head2 Module::Build::Platform::VOS - Builder class for VOS platforms
27182 =head2 Module::Build::Platform::Windows - Builder class for Windows
27195 =head2 Module::Build::Platform::aix - Builder class for AIX platform
27207 =head2 Module::Build::Platform::cygwin - Builder class for Cygwin platform
27219 =head2 Module::Build::Platform::darwin - Builder class for Mac OS X
27232 =head2 Module::Build::Platform::os2 - Builder class for OS/2 platform
27244 =head2 Module::Build::YAML - Provides just enough YAML support so that
27245 Module::Build works even if YAML.pm is not installed
27259 =head2 Module::CoreList - what modules shipped with versions of perl
27279 =head2 Module::Load - runtime require of both modules and files
27291 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
27301 =head2 Module::Load::Conditional - Looking up module information / loading
27312 =item $href = check_install( module => NAME [, version => VERSION, verbose
27315 module, version, verbose, file, version, uptodate
27321 =item $bool = can_load( modules => { NAME => VERSION [,NAME => VERSION] },
27322 [verbose => BOOL, nocache => BOOL] )
27324 modules, verbose, nocache
27330 =item @list = requires( MODULE );
27336 =item Global Variables
27340 =item $Module::Load::Conditional::VERBOSE
27342 =item $Module::Load::Conditional::FIND_VERSION
27344 =item $Module::Load::Conditional::CHECK_INC_HASH
27346 =item $Module::Load::Conditional::CACHE
27348 =item $Module::Load::Conditional::ERROR
27362 =head2 Module::Loaded - mark modules as loaded or unloaded
27374 =item $bool = mark_as_loaded( PACKAGE );
27382 =item $bool = mark_as_unloaded( PACKAGE );
27388 =item $loc = is_loaded( PACKAGE );
27400 =head2 Module::Pluggable - automatically give your module the ability to
27411 =item ADVANCED USAGE
27413 =item INNER PACKAGES
27461 =head2 Module::Pluggable::Object - automatically give your module the
27462 ability to have plugins
27480 =head2 NDBM_File - Tied access to ndbm files
27488 C<O_RDONLY>, C<O_WRONLY>, C<O_RDWR>
27494 =item C<ndbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...>
27498 =item BUGS AND WARNINGS
27502 =head2 NEXT - Provide a pseudo-class NEXT (et al) that allows method
27513 =item Enforcing redispatch
27515 =item Avoiding repetitions
27517 =item Invoking all versions of a method with a single call
27519 =item Using C<EVERY> methods
27525 =item BUGS AND IRRITATIONS
27531 =head2 Net::Cmd - Network Command class (as used by FTP, SMTP etc)
27541 debug ( VALUE ), message (), code (), ok (), status (), datasend ( DATA ),
27544 =item CLASS METHODS
27546 debug_print ( DIR, TEXT ), debug_text ( TEXT ), command ( CMD [, ARGS, ...
27547 ]), unsupported (), response (), parse_response ( TEXT ), getline (),
27548 ungetline ( TEXT ), rawdatasend ( DATA ), read_until_dot (), tied_fh ()
27558 =head2 Net::Config - Local configuration data for libnet
27568 requires_firewall HOST
27570 =item NetConfig VALUES
27572 nntp_hosts, snpp_hosts, pop3_hosts, smtp_hosts, ph_hosts, daytime_hosts,
27573 time_hosts, inet_domain, ftp_firewall, ftp_firewall_type, ftp_ext_passive,
27574 ftp_int_passive, local_netmask, test_hosts, test_exists
27578 =head2 Net::Domain - Attempt to evaluate the current host's internet name
27587 hostfqdn (), domainname (), hostname (), hostdomain ()
27595 =head2 Net::FTP - FTP Client class
27607 new ([ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ])
27611 login ([LOGIN [,PASSWORD [, ACCOUNT] ] ]), authorize ( [AUTH [, RESP]]),
27612 site (ARGS), ascii, binary, rename ( OLDNAME, NEWNAME ), delete ( FILENAME
27613 ), cwd ( [ DIR ] ), cdup (), pwd (), restart ( WHERE ), rmdir ( DIR [,
27614 RECURSE ]), mkdir ( DIR [, RECURSE ]), alloc ( SIZE [, RECORD_SIZE] ), ls (
27615 [ DIR ] ), dir ( [ DIR ] ), get ( REMOTE_FILE [, LOCAL_FILE [, WHERE]] ),
27616 put ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] ), put_unique ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE
27617 ] ), append ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] ), unique_name (), mdtm ( FILE ),
27618 size ( FILE ), supported ( CMD ), hash ( [FILEHANDLE_GLOB_REF],[
27619 BYTES_PER_HASH_MARK] ), feature ( NAME ), nlst ( [ DIR ] ), list ( [ DIR ]
27620 ), retr ( FILE ), stor ( FILE ), stou ( FILE ), appe ( FILE ), port ( [
27621 PORT ] ), pasv (), pasv_xfer ( SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER [, DEST_FILE ] ),
27622 pasv_xfer_unique ( SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER [, DEST_FILE ] ), pasv_wait (
27623 NON_PASV_SERVER ), abort (), quit ()
27627 =item Methods for the adventurous
27633 =item THE dataconn CLASS
27635 read ( BUFFER, SIZE [, TIMEOUT ] ), write ( BUFFER, SIZE [, TIMEOUT ] ),
27636 bytes_read (), abort (), close ()
27638 =item UNIMPLEMENTED
27640 B<SMNT>, B<HELP>, B<MODE>, B<SYST>, B<STAT>, B<STRU>, B<REIN>
27642 =item REPORTING BUGS
27650 http://www.csh.rit.edu/~adam/Progs/
27658 =head2 Net::NNTP - NNTP Client class
27668 new ( [ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ])
27672 article ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), body ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), head (
27673 [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), articlefh ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), bodyfh ( [
27674 MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), headfh ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), nntpstat ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ]
27675 ), group ( [ GROUP ] ), ihave ( MSGID [, MESSAGE ]), last (), date (),
27676 postok (), authinfo ( USER, PASS ), list (), newgroups ( SINCE [,
27677 DISTRIBUTIONS ]), newnews ( SINCE [, GROUPS [, DISTRIBUTIONS ]]), next (),
27678 post ( [ MESSAGE ] ), postfh (), slave (), quit ()
27682 =item Extension methods
27684 newsgroups ( [ PATTERN ] ), distributions (), subscriptions (),
27685 overview_fmt (), active_times (), active ( [ PATTERN ] ), xgtitle ( PATTERN
27686 ), xhdr ( HEADER, MESSAGE-SPEC ), xover ( MESSAGE-SPEC ), xpath (
27687 MESSAGE-ID ), xpat ( HEADER, PATTERN, MESSAGE-SPEC), xrover, listgroup ( [
27696 MESSAGE-SPEC, PATTERN, Examples, C<[^]-]>, C<*bdc>, C<[0-9a-zA-Z]>, C<a??d>
27706 =head2 Net::POP3 - Post Office Protocol 3 Client class (RFC1939)
27716 new ( [ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ] 0
27720 auth ( USERNAME, PASSWORD ), user ( USER ), pass ( PASS ), login ( [ USER
27721 [, PASS ]] ), apop ( [ USER [, PASS ]] ), banner (), capa (), capabilities
27722 (), top ( MSGNUM [, NUMLINES ] ), list ( [ MSGNUM ] ), get ( MSGNUM [, FH ]
27723 ), getfh ( MSGNUM ), last (), popstat (), ping ( USER ), uidl ( [ MSGNUM ]
27724 ), delete ( MSGNUM ), reset (), quit ()
27736 =head2 Net::Ping - check a remote host for reachability
27748 Net::Ping->new([$proto [, $def_timeout [, $bytes [, $device [, $tos
27749 ]]]]]);, $p->ping($host [, $timeout]);, $p->source_verify( { 0 | 1 } );,
27750 $p->service_check( { 0 | 1 } );, $p->tcp_service_check( { 0 | 1 } );,
27751 $p->hires( { 0 | 1 } );, $p->bind($local_addr);, $p->open($host);, $p->ack(
27752 [ $host ] );, $p->nack( $failed_ack_host );, $p->close();,
27753 $p->port_number([$port_number]), pingecho($host [, $timeout]);
27769 =head2 Net::SMTP - Simple Mail Transfer Protocol Client
27781 new ( [ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ] )
27785 banner (), domain (), hello ( DOMAIN ), host (), etrn ( DOMAIN ), auth (
27786 USERNAME, PASSWORD ), mail ( ADDRESS [, OPTIONS] ), send ( ADDRESS ),
27787 send_or_mail ( ADDRESS ), send_and_mail ( ADDRESS ), reset (), recipient (
27788 ADDRESS [, ADDRESS, [...]] [, OPTIONS ] ), to ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]]
27789 ), cc ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), bcc ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ),
27790 data ( [ DATA ] ), expand ( ADDRESS ), verify ( ADDRESS ), help ( [
27791 $subject ] ), quit ()
27803 =head2 Net::Time - time and daytime network client interface
27811 inet_time ( [HOST [, PROTOCOL [, TIMEOUT]]]), inet_daytime ( [HOST [,
27812 PROTOCOL [, TIMEOUT]]])
27820 =head2 Net::hostent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gethost*()
27837 =head2 Net::libnetFAQ, libnetFAQ - libnet Frequently Asked Questions
27845 =item Where to get this document
27847 =item How to contribute to this document
27851 =item Author and Copyright Information
27859 =item Obtaining and installing libnet
27863 =item What is libnet ?
27865 =item Which version of perl do I need ?
27867 =item What other modules do I need ?
27869 =item What machines support libnet ?
27871 =item Where can I get the latest libnet release
27875 =item Using Net::FTP
27879 =item How do I download files from an FTP server ?
27881 =item How do I transfer files in binary mode ?
27883 =item How can I get the size of a file on a remote FTP server ?
27885 =item How can I get the modification time of a file on a remote FTP server
27888 =item How can I change the permissions of a file on a remote server ?
27890 =item Can I do a reget operation like the ftp command ?
27892 =item How do I get a directory listing from an FTP server ?
27894 =item Changing directory to "" does not fail ?
27896 =item I am behind a SOCKS firewall, but the Firewall option does not work ?
27898 =item I am behind an FTP proxy firewall, but cannot access machines outside
27901 =item My ftp proxy firewall does not listen on port 21
27903 =item Is it possible to change the file permissions of a file on an FTP
27906 =item I have seen scripts call a method message, but cannot find it
27909 =item Why does Net::FTP not implement mput and mget methods
27913 =item Using Net::SMTP
27917 =item Why can't the part of an Email address after the @ be used as the
27920 =item Why does Net::SMTP not do DNS MX lookups ?
27922 =item The verify method always returns true ?
27926 =item Debugging scripts
27930 =item How can I debug my scripts that use Net::* modules ?
27934 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
27938 =head2 Net::netent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getnet*()
27955 =head2 Net::protoent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getproto*()
27970 =head2 Net::servent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getserv*()
27987 =head2 Netrc, Net::Netrc - OO interface to users netrc file
27995 =item THE .netrc FILE
27997 machine name, default, login name, password string, account string, macdef
28002 lookup ( MACHINE [, LOGIN ])
28006 login (), password (), account (), lpa ()
28016 =head2 O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends
28026 =item IMPLEMENTATION
28034 =head2 ODBM_File - Tied access to odbm files
28042 C<O_RDONLY>, C<O_WRONLY>, C<O_RDWR>
28048 =item C<odbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...>
28052 =item BUGS AND WARNINGS
28056 =head2 Object::Accessor
28068 =item $object = Object::Accessor->new( [ARGS] );
28076 =item $bool = $object->mk_accessors( @ACCESSORS | \%ACCESSOR_MAP );
28082 =item @list = $self->ls_accessors;
28088 =item $ref = $self->ls_allow(KEY)
28094 =item $clone = $self->mk_clone;
28100 =item $bool = $self->mk_flush;
28106 =item $bool = $self->mk_verify;
28112 =item $bool = $self->register_callback( sub { ... } );
28118 =item $bool = $self->can( METHOD_NAME )
28124 =item $val = $self->___get( METHOD_NAME );
28130 =item $bool = $self->___set( METHOD_NAME => VALUE );
28136 =item LVALUE ACCESSORS
28142 Allow handlers, Callbacks
28150 =item GLOBAL VARIABLES
28154 =item $Object::Accessor::FATAL
28156 =item $Object::Accessor::DEBUG
28164 =item Create read-only accessors
28176 =head2 Opcode - Disable named opcodes when compiling perl code
28188 =item Operator Names and Operator Lists
28190 an operator name (opname), an operator tag name (optag), a negated opname
28191 or optag, an operator set (opset)
28193 =item Opcode Functions
28195 opcodes, opset (OP, ...), opset_to_ops (OPSET), opset_to_hex (OPSET),
28196 full_opset, empty_opset, invert_opset (OPSET), verify_opset (OPSET, ...),
28197 define_optag (OPTAG, OPSET), opmask_add (OPSET), opmask, opdesc (OP, ...),
28200 =item Manipulating Opsets
28202 =item TO DO (maybe)
28208 =item Predefined Opcode Tags
28210 :base_core, :base_mem, :base_loop, :base_io, :base_orig, :base_math,
28211 :base_thread, :default, :filesys_read, :sys_db, :browse, :filesys_open,
28212 :filesys_write, :subprocess, :ownprocess, :others, :load,
28213 :still_to_be_decided, :dangerous
28221 =head2 Opcode::Safe, Safe - Compile and execute code in restricted
28230 a new namespace, an operator mask
28236 =item RECENT CHANGES
28238 =item Methods in class Safe
28240 permit (OP, ...), permit_only (OP, ...), deny (OP, ...), deny_only (OP,
28241 ...), trap (OP, ...), untrap (OP, ...), share (NAME, ...), share_from
28242 (PACKAGE, ARRAYREF), varglob (VARNAME), reval (STRING), rdo (FILENAME),
28243 root (NAMESPACE), mask (MASK)
28245 =item Some Safety Issues
28247 Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes
28255 =head2 Opcode::ops, ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when
28268 =head2 POSIX - Perl interface to IEEE Std 1003.1
28282 _exit, abort, abs, access, acos, alarm, asctime, asin, assert, atan, atan2,
28283 atexit, atof, atoi, atol, bsearch, calloc, ceil, chdir, chmod, chown,
28284 clearerr, clock, close, closedir, cos, cosh, creat, ctermid, ctime,
28285 cuserid, difftime, div, dup, dup2, errno, execl, execle, execlp, execv,
28286 execve, execvp, exit, exp, fabs, fclose, fcntl, fdopen, feof, ferror,
28287 fflush, fgetc, fgetpos, fgets, fileno, floor, fmod, fopen, fork, fpathconf,
28288 fprintf, fputc, fputs, fread, free, freopen, frexp, fscanf, fseek, fsetpos,
28289 fstat, fsync, ftell, fwrite, getc, getchar, getcwd, getegid, getenv,
28290 geteuid, getgid, getgrgid, getgrnam, getgroups, getlogin, getpgrp, getpid,
28291 getppid, getpwnam, getpwuid, gets, getuid, gmtime, isalnum, isalpha,
28292 isatty, iscntrl, isdigit, isgraph, islower, isprint, ispunct, isspace,
28293 isupper, isxdigit, kill, labs, ldexp, ldiv, link, localeconv, localtime,
28294 log, log10, longjmp, lseek, malloc, mblen, mbstowcs, mbtowc, memchr,
28295 memcmp, memcpy, memmove, memset, mkdir, mkfifo, mktime, modf, nice,
28296 offsetof, open, opendir, pathconf, pause, perror, pipe, pow, printf, putc,
28297 putchar, puts, qsort, raise, rand, read, readdir, realloc, remove, rename,
28298 rewind, rewinddir, rmdir, scanf, setgid, setjmp, setlocale, setpgid,
28299 setsid, setuid, sigaction, siglongjmp, sigpending, sigprocmask, sigsetjmp,
28300 sigsuspend, sin, sinh, sleep, sprintf, sqrt, srand, sscanf, stat, strcat,
28301 strchr, strcmp, strcoll, strcpy, strcspn, strerror, strftime, strlen,
28302 strncat, strncmp, strncpy, strpbrk, strrchr, strspn, strstr, strtod,
28303 strtok, strtol, strtoul, strxfrm, sysconf, system, tan, tanh, tcdrain,
28304 tcflow, tcflush, tcgetpgrp, tcsendbreak, tcsetpgrp, time, times, tmpfile,
28305 tmpnam, tolower, toupper, ttyname, tzname, tzset, umask, uname, ungetc,
28306 unlink, utime, vfprintf, vprintf, vsprintf, wait, waitpid, wcstombs,
28313 =item POSIX::SigAction
28315 new, handler, mask, flags, safe
28319 %SIGRT, SIGRTMIN, SIGRTMAX
28321 =item POSIX::SigSet
28323 new, addset, delset, emptyset, fillset, ismember
28325 =item POSIX::Termios
28327 new, getattr, getcc, getcflag, getiflag, getispeed, getlflag, getoflag,
28328 getospeed, setattr, setcc, setcflag, setiflag, setispeed, setlflag,
28329 setoflag, setospeed, Baud rate values, Terminal interface values, c_cc
28330 field values, c_cflag field values, c_iflag field values, c_lflag field
28331 values, c_oflag field values
28335 =item PATHNAME CONSTANTS
28339 =item POSIX CONSTANTS
28343 =item SYSTEM CONFIGURATION
28397 Constants, WNOHANG, WUNTRACED, Macros, WIFEXITED, WEXITSTATUS, WIFSIGNALED,
28398 WTERMSIG, WIFSTOPPED, WSTOPSIG
28402 =head2 Package::Constants - List all constants declared in a package
28410 =item CLASS METHODS
28414 =item @const = Package::Constants->list( PACKAGE_NAME );
28422 =item GLOBAL VARIABLES
28426 =item $Package::Constants::DEBUG
28440 =head2 Params::Check - A generic input parsing/checking mechanism.
28450 default, required, strict_type, defined, no_override, store, allow
28456 =item check( \%tmpl, \%args, [$verbose] );
28458 Template, Arguments, Verbose
28466 =item allow( $test_me, \@criteria );
28468 string, regexp, subroutine, array ref
28480 =item Global Variables
28484 =item $Params::Check::VERBOSE
28486 =item $Params::Check::STRICT_TYPE
28488 =item $Params::Check::ALLOW_UNKNOWN
28490 =item $Params::Check::STRIP_LEADING_DASHES
28492 =item $Params::Check::NO_DUPLICATES
28494 =item $Params::Check::PRESERVE_CASE
28496 =item $Params::Check::ONLY_ALLOW_DEFINED
28498 =item $Params::Check::SANITY_CHECK_TEMPLATE
28500 =item $Params::Check::WARNINGS_FATAL
28502 =item $Params::Check::CALLER_DEPTH
28508 =item Acknowledgements
28514 =head2 PerlIO - On demand loader for PerlIO layers and root of PerlIO::*
28523 :unix, :stdio, :perlio, :crlf, :mmap, :utf8, :bytes, :raw, :pop, :win32
28527 =item Custom Layers
28531 =item Alternatives to raw
28533 =item Defaults and how to override them
28535 =item Querying the layers of filehandles
28545 =head2 PerlIO::encoding - encoding layer
28557 =head2 PerlIO::scalar - in-memory IO, scalar IO
28565 =item IMPLEMENTATION NOTE
28569 =head2 PerlIO::via - Helper class for PerlIO layers implemented in perl
28577 =item EXPECTED METHODS
28579 $class->PUSHED([$mode[,$fh]]), $obj->POPPED([$fh]),
28580 $obj->UTF8($bellowFlag,[$fh]), $obj->OPEN($path,$mode[,$fh]),
28581 $obj->BINMODE([,$fh]), $obj->FDOPEN($fd[,$fh]),
28582 $obj->SYSOPEN($path,$imode,$perm,[,$fh]), $obj->FILENO($fh),
28583 $obj->READ($buffer,$len,$fh), $obj->WRITE($buffer,$fh), $obj->FILL($fh),
28584 $obj->CLOSE($fh), $obj->SEEK($posn,$whence,$fh), $obj->TELL($fh),
28585 $obj->UNREAD($buffer,$fh), $obj->FLUSH($fh), $obj->SETLINEBUF($fh),
28586 $obj->CLEARERR($fh), $obj->ERROR($fh), $obj->EOF($fh)
28592 =item Example - a Hexadecimal Handle
28598 =head2 PerlIO::via::QuotedPrint - PerlIO layer for quoted-printable strings
28606 =item REQUIRED MODULES
28610 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
28616 =head2 Pod::Checker, podchecker() - check pod documents for syntax errors
28622 =item OPTIONS/ARGUMENTS
28628 B<-warnings> =E<gt> I<val>
28640 empty =headn, =over on line I<N> without closing =back, =item without
28641 previous =over, =back without previous =over, No argument for =begin, =end
28642 without =begin, Nested =begin's, =for without formatter specification,
28643 unresolved internal link I<NAME>, Unknown command "I<CMD>", Unknown
28644 interior-sequence "I<SEQ>", nested commands
28645 I<CMD>E<lt>...I<CMD>E<lt>...E<gt>...E<gt>, garbled entity I<STRING>, Entity
28646 number out of range, malformed link LE<lt>E<gt>, nonempty ZE<lt>E<gt>,
28647 empty XE<lt>E<gt>, Spurious text after =pod / =cut, Spurious character(s)
28652 multiple occurrence of link target I<name>, line containing nothing but
28653 whitespace in paragraph, file does not start with =head, previous =item has
28654 no contents, preceding non-item paragraph(s), =item type mismatch (I<one>
28655 vs. I<two>), I<N> unescaped C<E<lt>E<gt>> in paragraph, Unknown entity, No
28656 items in =over, No argument for =item, empty section in previous paragraph,
28657 Verbatim paragraph in NAME section, =headI<n> without preceding higher
28662 ignoring leading/trailing whitespace in link, (section) in '$page'
28663 deprecated, alternative text/node '%s' contains non-escaped | or /
28675 C<Pod::Checker-E<gt>new( %options )>
28677 C<$checker-E<gt>poderror( @args )>, C<$checker-E<gt>poderror( {%opts},
28680 C<$checker-E<gt>num_errors()>
28682 C<$checker-E<gt>num_warnings()>
28684 C<$checker-E<gt>name()>
28686 C<$checker-E<gt>node()>
28688 C<$checker-E<gt>idx()>
28690 C<$checker-E<gt>hyperlink()>
28698 =head2 Pod::Escapes -- for resolving Pod EE<lt>...E<gt> sequences
28708 e2char($e_content), e2charnum($e_content), $Name2character{I<name>},
28709 $Name2character_number{I<name>}, $Latin1Code_to_fallback{I<integer>},
28710 $Latin1Char_to_fallback{I<character>}, $Code2USASCII{I<integer>}
28716 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
28722 =head2 Pod::Find - find POD documents in directory trees
28734 =item C<pod_find( { %opts } , @directories )>
28736 C<-verbose =E<gt> 1>, C<-perl =E<gt> 1>, C<-script =E<gt> 1>, C<-inc =E<gt>
28743 =item C<simplify_name( $str )>
28749 =item C<pod_where( { %opts }, $pod )>
28751 C<-inc =E<gt> 1>, C<-dirs =E<gt> [ $dir1, $dir2, ... ]>, C<-verbose =E<gt>
28758 =item C<contains_pod( $file , $verbose )>
28770 =head2 Pod::Html - module to convert pod files to HTML
28784 backlink, cachedir, css, flush, header, help, hiddendirs, htmldir,
28785 htmlroot, index, infile, libpods, netscape, outfile, podpath, podroot,
28786 quiet, recurse, title, verbose
28804 =head2 Pod::InputObjects - objects representing POD input paragraphs,
28817 package B<Pod::InputSource>, package B<Pod::Paragraph>, package
28818 B<Pod::InteriorSequence>, package B<Pod::ParseTree>
28824 =item B<Pod::InputSource>
28848 =item B<was_cutting()>
28854 =item B<Pod::Paragraph>
28860 =item Pod::Paragraph-E<gt>B<new()>
28866 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<cmd_name()>
28872 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<text()>
28878 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<raw_text()>
28884 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<cmd_prefix()>
28890 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<cmd_separator()>
28896 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<parse_tree()>
28902 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<file_line()>
28908 =item B<Pod::InteriorSequence>
28914 =item Pod::InteriorSequence-E<gt>B<new()>
28920 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<cmd_name()>
28926 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<prepend()>
28932 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<append()>
28938 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<nested()>
28944 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<raw_text()>
28950 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<left_delimiter()>
28956 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<right_delimiter()>
28962 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<parse_tree()>
28968 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<file_line()>
28974 =item Pod::InteriorSequence::B<DESTROY()>
28980 =item B<Pod::ParseTree>
28986 =item Pod::ParseTree-E<gt>B<new()>
28992 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<top()>
28998 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<children()>
29004 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<prepend()>
29010 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<append()>
29016 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<raw_text()>
29022 =item Pod::ParseTree::B<DESTROY()>
29034 =head2 Pod::LaTeX - Convert Pod data to formatted Latex
29046 =item OBJECT METHODS
29054 =item Data Accessors
29070 B<ReplaceNAMEwithSection>
29072 B<StartWithNewPage>
29086 =item Subclassed methods
29100 B<interior_sequence>
29116 =item Methods for headings
29124 =item Internal methods
29130 B<_replace_special_chars>
29132 B<_replace_special_chars_late>
29138 B<_clean_latex_commands>
29140 B<_split_delimited>
29156 =head2 Pod::Man - Convert POD data to formatted *roff input
29164 center, date, fixed, fixedbold, fixeditalic, fixedbolditalic, name, quotes,
29169 roff font should be 1 or 2 chars, not "%s", Invalid quote specification
29178 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
29184 =head2 Pod::ParseLink - Parse an LE<lt>E<gt> formatting code in POD text
29196 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
29200 =head2 Pod::ParseUtils - helpers for POD parsing and conversion
29214 Pod::List-E<gt>new()
29222 $list-E<gt>indent()
29230 $list-E<gt>parent()
29236 =item Pod::Hyperlink
29238 Pod::Hyperlink-E<gt>new()
29242 $link-E<gt>parse($string)
29244 $link-E<gt>markup($string)
29248 $link-E<gt>warning()
29250 $link-E<gt>file(), $link-E<gt>line()
29256 $link-E<gt>alttext()
29266 Pod::Cache-E<gt>new()
29272 $cache-E<gt>find_page($name)
29276 =item Pod::Cache::Item
29278 Pod::Cache::Item-E<gt>new()
29282 $cacheitem-E<gt>page()
29284 $cacheitem-E<gt>description()
29286 $cacheitem-E<gt>path()
29288 $cacheitem-E<gt>file()
29290 $cacheitem-E<gt>nodes()
29292 $cacheitem-E<gt>find_node($name)
29294 $cacheitem-E<gt>idx()
29304 =head2 Pod::Parser - base class for creating POD filters and translators
29316 =item QUICK OVERVIEW
29318 =item PARSING OPTIONS
29320 B<-want_nonPODs> (default: unset), B<-process_cut_cmd> (default: unset),
29321 B<-warnings> (default: unset)
29327 =item RECOMMENDED SUBROUTINE/METHOD OVERRIDES
29335 C<$cmd>, C<$text>, C<$line_num>, C<$pod_para>
29341 =item B<verbatim()>
29343 C<$text>, C<$line_num>, C<$pod_para>
29349 =item B<textblock()>
29351 C<$text>, C<$line_num>, C<$pod_para>
29357 =item B<interior_sequence()>
29363 =item OPTIONAL SUBROUTINE/METHOD OVERRIDES
29375 =item B<initialize()>
29381 =item B<begin_pod()>
29387 =item B<begin_input()>
29393 =item B<end_input()>
29405 =item B<preprocess_line()>
29411 =item B<preprocess_paragraph()>
29417 =item METHODS FOR PARSING AND PROCESSING
29423 =item B<parse_text()>
29425 B<-expand_seq> =E<gt> I<code-ref>|I<method-name>, B<-expand_text> =E<gt>
29426 I<code-ref>|I<method-name>, B<-expand_ptree> =E<gt>
29427 I<code-ref>|I<method-name>
29433 =item B<interpolate()>
29439 =item B<parse_paragraph()>
29445 =item B<parse_from_filehandle()>
29451 =item B<parse_from_file()>
29457 =item ACCESSOR METHODS
29463 =item B<errorsub()>
29475 =item B<parseopts()>
29481 =item B<output_file()>
29487 =item B<output_handle()>
29493 =item B<input_file()>
29499 =item B<input_handle()>
29505 =item B<input_streams()>
29511 =item B<top_stream()>
29517 =item PRIVATE METHODS AND DATA
29523 =item B<_push_input_stream()>
29529 =item B<_pop_input_stream()>
29535 =item TREE-BASED PARSING
29545 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToChecker - let Perldoc check Pod for errors
29555 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
29561 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToMan - let Perldoc render Pod as man pages
29573 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
29579 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToNroff - let Perldoc convert Pod to nroff
29591 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
29597 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToPod - let Perldoc render Pod as ... Pod!
29607 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
29613 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToRtf - let Perldoc render Pod as RTF
29623 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
29629 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToText - let Perldoc render Pod as plaintext
29641 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
29647 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToTk - let Perldoc use Tk::Pod to render Pod
29661 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToXml - let Perldoc render Pod as XML
29671 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
29677 =head2 Pod::PlainText - Convert POD data to formatted ASCII text
29685 alt, indent, loose, sentence, width
29689 Bizarre space in item, Can't open %s for reading: %s, Unknown escape: %s,
29690 Unknown sequence: %s, Unmatched =back
29702 =head2 Pod::Plainer - Perl extension for converting Pod to old style Pod.
29722 =head2 Pod::Select, podselect() - extract selected sections of POD from
29735 =item SECTION SPECIFICATIONS
29737 =item RANGE SPECIFICATIONS
29743 =item OBJECT METHODS
29749 =item B<curr_headings()>
29761 =item B<add_selection()>
29767 =item B<clear_selections()>
29773 =item B<match_section()>
29779 =item B<is_selected()>
29785 =item EXPORTED FUNCTIONS
29791 =item B<podselect()>
29793 B<-output>, B<-sections>, B<-ranges>
29799 =item PRIVATE METHODS AND DATA
29805 =item B<_compile_section_spec()>
29811 =item $self->{_SECTION_HEADINGS}
29817 =item $self->{_SELECTED_SECTIONS}
29829 =head2 Pod::Simple - framework for parsing Pod
29839 C<< $parser = I<SomeClass>->new(); >>, C<< $parser->output_fh( *OUT ); >>,
29840 C<< $parser->output_string( \$somestring ); >>, C<< $parser->parse_file(
29841 I<$some_filename> ); >>, C<< $parser->parse_file( *INPUT_FH ); >>, C<<
29842 $parser->parse_string_document( I<$all_content> ); >>, C<<
29843 $parser->parse_lines( I<...@lines...>, undef ); >>, C<<
29844 $parser->content_seen >>, C<< I<SomeClass>->filter( I<$filename> ); >>, C<<
29845 I<SomeClass>->filter( I<*INPUT_FH> ); >>, C<< I<SomeClass>->filter(
29846 I<\$document_content> ); >>
29848 =item SECONDARY METHODS
29850 C<< $parser->no_whining( I<SOMEVALUE> ) >>, C<< $parser->no_errata_section(
29851 I<SOMEVALUE> ) >>, C<< $parser->complain_stderr( I<SOMEVALUE> ) >>, C<<
29852 $parser->source_filename >>, C<< $parser->doc_has_started >>, C<<
29853 $parser->source_dead >>
29859 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
29865 =head2 Pod::Simple::Checker -- check the Pod syntax of a document
29875 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
29881 =head2 Pod::Simple::Debug -- put Pod::Simple into trace/debug mode
29895 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
29901 =head2 Pod::Simple::DumpAsText -- dump Pod-parsing events as text
29911 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
29917 =head2 Pod::Simple::DumpAsXML -- turn Pod into XML
29927 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
29933 =head2 Pod::Simple::HTML - convert Pod to HTML
29941 =item CALLING FROM THE COMMAND LINE
29943 =item CALLING FROM PERL
29951 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
29957 =head2 Pod::Simple::HTMLBatch - convert several Pod files to several HTML
29968 =item FROM THE COMMAND LINE
29974 $batchconv = Pod::Simple::HTMLBatch->new;, $batchconv->batch_convert(
29975 I<indirs>, I<outdir> );, $batchconv->batch_convert( undef , ...);,
29976 $batchconv->batch_convert( q{@INC}, ...);, $batchconv->batch_convert(
29977 \@dirs , ...);, $batchconv->batch_convert( "somedir" , ...);,
29978 $batchconv->batch_convert( 'somedir:someother:also' , ...);,
29979 $batchconv->batch_convert( ... , undef );, $batchconv->batch_convert( ... ,
29984 =item ACCESSOR METHODS
29986 $batchconv->verbose( I<nonnegative_integer> );, $batchconv->index(
29987 I<true-or-false> );, $batchconv->contents_file( I<filename> );,
29988 $batchconv->contents_page_start( I<HTML_string> );,
29989 $batchconv->contents_page_end( I<HTML_string> );, $batchconv->add_css( $url
29990 );, $batchconv->add_javascript( $url );, $batchconv->css_flurry(
29991 I<true-or-false> );, $batchconv->javascript_flurry( I<true-or-false> );,
29992 $batchconv->no_contents_links( I<true-or-false> );,
29993 $batchconv->html_render_class( I<classname> );
29997 =item NOTES ON CUSTOMIZATION
30003 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
30009 =head2 Pod::Simple::LinkSection -- represent "section" attributes of L
30020 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
30026 =head2 Pod::Simple::Methody -- turn Pod::Simple events into method calls
30034 =item METHOD CALLING
30038 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
30044 =head2 Pod::Simple::PullParser -- a pull-parser interface to parsing Pod
30054 my $token = $parser->get_token, $parser->unget_token( $token ),
30055 $parser->unget_token( $token1, $token2, ... ), $parser->set_source(
30056 $filename ), $parser->set_source( $filehandle_object ),
30057 $parser->set_source( \$document_source ), $parser->set_source(
30058 \@document_lines ), $parser->parse_file(...),
30059 $parser->parse_string_document(...), $parser->filter(...),
30060 $parser->parse_from_file(...), my $title_string = $parser->get_title, my
30061 $title_string = $parser->get_short_title, $author_name =
30062 $parser->get_author, $description_name = $parser->get_description,
30063 $version_block = $parser->get_version
30069 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
30075 =head2 Pod::Simple::PullParserEndToken -- end-tokens from
30076 Pod::Simple::PullParser
30084 $token->tagname, $token->tagname(I<somestring>), $token->tag(...),
30085 $token->is_tag(I<somestring>) or $token->is_tagname(I<somestring>)
30089 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
30095 =head2 Pod::Simple::PullParserStartToken -- start-tokens from
30096 Pod::Simple::PullParser
30104 $token->tagname, $token->tagname(I<somestring>), $token->tag(...),
30105 $token->is_tag(I<somestring>) or $token->is_tagname(I<somestring>),
30106 $token->attr(I<attrname>), $token->attr(I<attrname>, I<newvalue>),
30111 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
30117 =head2 Pod::Simple::PullParserTextToken -- text-tokens from
30118 Pod::Simple::PullParser
30126 $token->text, $token->text(I<somestring>), $token->text_r()
30130 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
30136 =head2 Pod::Simple::PullParserToken -- tokens from Pod::Simple::PullParser
30144 $token->type, $token->is_start, $token->is_text, $token->is_end,
30149 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
30155 =head2 Pod::Simple::RTF -- format Pod as RTF
30163 =item FORMAT CONTROL ATTRIBUTES
30165 $parser->head1_halfpoint_size( I<halfpoint_integer> );,
30166 $parser->head2_halfpoint_size( I<halfpoint_integer> );,
30167 $parser->head3_halfpoint_size( I<halfpoint_integer> );,
30168 $parser->head4_halfpoint_size( I<halfpoint_integer> );,
30169 $parser->codeblock_halfpoint_size( I<halfpoint_integer> );,
30170 $parser->header_halfpoint_size( I<halfpoint_integer> );,
30171 $parser->normal_halfpoint_size( I<halfpoint_integer> );,
30172 $parser->no_proofing_exemptions( I<true_or_false> );, $parser->doc_lang(
30173 I<microsoft_decimal_language_code> )
30177 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
30183 =head2 Pod::Simple::Search - find POD documents in directory trees
30195 $search->inc( I<true-or-false> );, $search->verbose( I<nonnegative-number>
30196 );, $search->limit_glob( I<some-glob-string> );, $search->callback(
30197 I<\&some_routine> );, $search->laborious( I<true-or-false> );,
30198 $search->shadows( I<true-or-false> );, $search->limit_re( I<some-regxp> );,
30199 $search->dir_prefix( I<some-string-value> );, $search->progress(
30200 I<some-progress-object> );, $name2path = $self->name2path;, $path2name =
30203 =item MAIN SEARCH METHODS
30207 =item C<< $search->survey( @directories ) >>
30209 C<name2path>, C<path2name>
30211 =item C<< $search->simplify_name( $str ) >>
30213 =item C<< $search->find( $pod ) >>
30215 =item C<< $search->find( $pod, @search_dirs ) >>
30217 =item C<< $self->contains_pod( $file ) >>
30227 =head2 Pod::Simple::Subclassing -- write a formatter as a Pod::Simple
30238 C<< $parser->_handle_element_start( I<element_name>, I<attr_hashref> ) >>,
30239 C<< $parser->_handle_element_end( I<element_name> ) >>, C<<
30240 $parser->_handle_text( I<text_string> ) >>, events with an element_name
30241 of Document, events with an element_name of Para, events with an
30242 element_name of B, C, F, or I, events with an element_name of S, events
30243 with an element_name of X, events with an element_name of L, events with an
30244 element_name of E or Z, events with an element_name of Verbatim, events
30245 with an element_name of head1 .. head4, events with an element_name of
30246 over-bullet, events with an element_name of over-number, events with an
30247 element_name of over-text, events with an element_name of over-block,
30248 events with an element_name of item-bullet, events with an element_name of
30249 item-number, events with an element_name of item-text, events with an
30250 element_name of for, events with an element_name of Data
30252 =item More Pod::Simple Methods
30254 C<< $parser->accept_targets( I<SOMEVALUE> ) >>, C<<
30255 $parser->accept_targets_as_text( I<SOMEVALUE> ) >>, C<<
30256 $parser->accept_codes( I<Codename>, I<Codename>... ) >>, C<<
30257 $parser->accept_directive_as_data( I<directive_name> ) >>, C<<
30258 $parser->accept_directive_as_verbatim( I<directive_name> ) >>, C<<
30259 $parser->accept_directive_as_processed( I<directive_name> ) >>, C<<
30260 $parser->nbsp_for_S( I<BOOLEAN> ); >>, C<< $parser->version_report() >>,
30261 C<< $parser->pod_para_count() >>, C<< $parser->line_count() >>, C<<
30262 $parser->nix_X_codes( I<SOMEVALUE> ) >>, C<< $parser->merge_text(
30263 I<SOMEVALUE> ) >>, C<< $parser->code_handler( I<CODE_REF> ) >>, C<<
30264 $parser->cut_handler( I<CODE_REF> ) >>, C<< $parser->whine(
30265 I<linenumber>, I<complaint string> ) >>, C<< $parser->scream(
30266 I<linenumber>, I<complaint string> ) >>, C<< $parser->source_dead(1) >>,
30267 C<< $parser->hide_line_numbers( I<SOMEVALUE> ) >>, C<< $parser->no_whining(
30268 I<SOMEVALUE> ) >>, C<< $parser->no_errata_section( I<SOMEVALUE> ) >>, C<<
30269 $parser->complain_stderr( I<SOMEVALUE> ) >>, C<< $parser->bare_output(
30270 I<SOMEVALUE> ) >>, C<< $parser->preserve_whitespace( I<SOMEVALUE> ) >>
30274 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
30280 =head2 Pod::Simple::Text -- format Pod as plaintext
30290 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
30296 =head2 Pod::Simple::TextContent -- get the text content of Pod
30306 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
30312 =head2 Pod::Simple::XMLOutStream -- turn Pod into XML
30322 =item ABOUT EXTENDING POD
30326 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
30332 =head2 Pod::SimpleTree, Pod::Simple::SimpleTree -- parse Pod into a simple
30343 =item Tree Contents
30347 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
30353 =head2 Pod::Text - Convert POD data to formatted ASCII text
30361 alt, code, indent, loose, margin, quotes, sentence, width
30365 Bizarre space in item, Item called without tag, Can't open %s for reading:
30366 %s, Invalid quote specification "%s"
30374 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
30378 =head2 Pod::Text::Color - Convert POD data to formatted color ASCII text
30392 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
30396 =head2 Pod::Text::Overstrike - Convert POD data to formatted overstrike
30411 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
30415 =head2 Pod::Text::Termcap - Convert POD data to ASCII text with format
30430 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
30434 =head2 Pod::Usage, pod2usage() - print a usage message from embedded pod
30443 C<-message>, C<-msg>, C<-exitval>, C<-verbose>, C<-sections>, C<-output>,
30444 C<-input>, C<-pathlist>, C<-noperldoc>
30452 =item Recommended Use
30460 =item ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
30464 =head2 SDBM_File - Tied access to sdbm files
30472 C<O_RDONLY>, C<O_WRONLY>, C<O_RDWR>
30478 =item C<sdbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...>
30482 =item BUGS AND WARNINGS
30486 =head2 Safe - Compile and execute code in restricted compartments
30494 a new namespace, an operator mask
30500 =item RECENT CHANGES
30502 =item Methods in class Safe
30504 permit (OP, ...), permit_only (OP, ...), deny (OP, ...), deny_only (OP,
30505 ...), trap (OP, ...), untrap (OP, ...), share (NAME, ...), share_from
30506 (PACKAGE, ARRAYREF), varglob (VARNAME), reval (STRING), rdo (FILENAME),
30507 root (NAMESPACE), mask (MASK)
30509 =item Some Safety Issues
30511 Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes
30519 =head2 Scalar::Util - A selection of general-utility scalar subroutines
30527 blessed EXPR, dualvar NUM, STRING, isvstring EXPR, isweak EXPR,
30528 looks_like_number EXPR, openhandle FH, refaddr EXPR, reftype EXPR,
30529 set_prototype CODEREF, PROTOTYPE, tainted EXPR, weaken REF
30541 =head2 Search::Dict, look - search for key in dictionary file
30551 =head2 SelectSaver - save and restore selected file handle
30561 =head2 SelfLoader - load functions only on demand
30571 =item The __DATA__ token
30573 =item SelfLoader autoloading
30575 =item Autoloading and package lexicals
30577 =item SelfLoader and AutoLoader
30579 =item __DATA__, __END__, and the FOOBAR::DATA filehandle.
30581 =item Classes and inherited methods.
30585 =item Multiple packages and fully qualified subroutine names
30591 =head2 Shell - run shell commands transparently within perl
30603 =item Escaping Magic Characters
30605 =item Configuration
30615 =head2 Socket, sockaddr_in, sockaddr_un, inet_aton, inet_ntoa - load the C
30616 socket.h defines and structure manipulators
30624 inet_aton HOSTNAME, inet_ntoa IP_ADDRESS, INADDR_ANY, INADDR_BROADCAST,
30625 INADDR_LOOPBACK, INADDR_NONE, sockaddr_family SOCKADDR, sockaddr_in PORT,
30626 ADDRESS, sockaddr_in SOCKADDR_IN, pack_sockaddr_in PORT, IP_ADDRESS,
30627 unpack_sockaddr_in SOCKADDR_IN, sockaddr_un PATHNAME, sockaddr_un
30628 SOCKADDR_UN, pack_sockaddr_un PATH, unpack_sockaddr_un SOCKADDR_UN
30632 =head2 Storable - persistence for Perl data structures
30642 =item ADVISORY LOCKING
30646 =item CANONICAL REPRESENTATION
30648 =item CODE REFERENCES
30650 =item FORWARD COMPATIBILITY
30652 utf8 data, restricted hashes, files from future versions of Storable
30654 =item ERROR REPORTING
30662 C<STORABLE_freeze> I<obj>, I<cloning>, C<STORABLE_thaw> I<obj>, I<cloning>,
30663 I<serialized>, .., C<STORABLE_attach> I<class>, I<cloning>, I<serialized>
30667 C<Storable::last_op_in_netorder>, C<Storable::is_storing>,
30668 C<Storable::is_retrieving>
30676 =item Storable magic
30678 $info = Storable::file_magic( $filename ), C<version>, C<version_nv>,
30679 C<major>, C<minor>, C<hdrsize>, C<netorder>, C<byteorder>, C<intsize>,
30680 C<longsize>, C<ptrsize>, C<nvsize>, C<file>, $info = Storable::read_magic(
30681 $buffer ), $info = Storable::read_magic( $buffer, $must_be_file )
30691 =item 64 bit data in perl 5.6.0 and 5.6.1
30703 =head2 Switch - A switch statement for Perl
30717 =item Allowing fall-through
30719 =item Automating fall-through
30721 =item Alternative syntax
30723 =item Higher-order Operations
30739 =head2 Symbol - manipulate Perl symbols and their names
30751 =head2 Sys::Hostname - Try every conceivable way to get hostname
30763 =head2 Syslog, Sys::Syslog - Perl interface to the UNIX syslog(3) calls
30777 B<openlog($ident, $logopt, $facility)>, B<syslog($priority, $message)>,
30778 B<syslog($priority, $format, @args)>, B<Note>,
30779 B<setlogmask($mask_priority)>, B<setlogsock($sock_type)>,
30780 B<setlogsock($sock_type, $stream_location)> (added in Perl 5.004_02),
30781 B<Note>, B<closelog()>
30783 =item THE RULES OF SYS::SYSLOG
30799 C<Invalid argument passed to setlogsock>, C<eventlog passed to setlogsock,
30800 but no Win32 API available>, C<no connection to syslog available>, C<stream
30801 passed to setlogsock, but %s is not writable>, C<stream passed to
30802 setlogsock, but could not find any device>, C<tcp passed to setlogsock, but
30803 tcp service unavailable>, C<syslog: expecting argument %s>, C<syslog:
30804 invalid level/facility: %s>, C<syslog: too many levels given: %s>,
30805 C<syslog: too many facilities given: %s>, C<syslog: level must be given>,
30806 C<udp passed to setlogsock, but udp service unavailable>, C<unix passed to
30807 setlogsock, but path not available>
30823 =item AUTHORS & ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
30829 AnnoCPAN: Annotated CPAN documentation, CPAN Ratings, RT: CPAN's request
30830 tracker, Search CPAN, Kobes' CPAN Search, Perl Documentation
30838 =head2 Syslog::Syslog, Sys::Syslog - Perl interface to the UNIX syslog(3)
30853 B<openlog($ident, $logopt, $facility)>, B<syslog($priority, $message)>,
30854 B<syslog($priority, $format, @args)>, B<Note>,
30855 B<setlogmask($mask_priority)>, B<setlogsock($sock_type)>,
30856 B<setlogsock($sock_type, $stream_location)> (added in Perl 5.004_02),
30857 B<Note>, B<closelog()>
30859 =item THE RULES OF SYS::SYSLOG
30875 C<Invalid argument passed to setlogsock>, C<eventlog passed to setlogsock,
30876 but no Win32 API available>, C<no connection to syslog available>, C<stream
30877 passed to setlogsock, but %s is not writable>, C<stream passed to
30878 setlogsock, but could not find any device>, C<tcp passed to setlogsock, but
30879 tcp service unavailable>, C<syslog: expecting argument %s>, C<syslog:
30880 invalid level/facility: %s>, C<syslog: too many levels given: %s>,
30881 C<syslog: too many facilities given: %s>, C<syslog: level must be given>,
30882 C<udp passed to setlogsock, but udp service unavailable>, C<unix passed to
30883 setlogsock, but path not available>
30899 =item AUTHORS & ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
30905 AnnoCPAN: Annotated CPAN documentation, CPAN Ratings, RT: CPAN's request
30906 tracker, Search CPAN, Kobes' CPAN Search, Perl Documentation
30914 =head2 Syslog::win32::Win32, Sys::Syslog::Win32 - Win32 support for
30929 =head2 Term::ANSIColor - Color screen output using ANSI escape sequences
30939 Bad escape sequence %s, Bareword "%s" not allowed while "strict subs" in
30940 use, Invalid attribute name %s, Name "%s" used only once: possible typo, No
30941 comma allowed after filehandle, No name for escape sequence %s
30945 ANSI_COLORS_DISABLED
30955 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
30959 =head2 Term::Cap - Perl termcap interface
30975 B<Tgetent>, OSPEED, TERM
30977 B<Tpad>, B<$string>, B<$cnt>, B<$FH>
30979 B<Tputs>, B<$cap>, B<$cnt>, B<$FH>
30981 B<Tgoto>, B<$cap>, B<$col>, B<$row>, B<$FH>
30989 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
30997 =head2 Term::Complete - Perl word completion module
31005 E<lt>tabE<gt>, ^D, ^U, E<lt>delE<gt>, E<lt>bsE<gt>
31015 =head2 Term::ReadLine - Perl interface to various C<readline> packages.
31016 If no real package is found, substitutes stubs instead of basic functions.
31024 =item Minimal set of supported functions
31026 C<ReadLine>, C<new>, C<readline>, C<addhistory>, C<IN>, C<OUT>, C<MinLine>,
31027 C<findConsole>, Attribs, C<Features>
31029 =item Additional supported functions
31031 C<tkRunning>, C<ornaments>, C<newTTY>
31041 =head2 Term::UI - Term::ReadLine UI made easy
31055 =item $reply = $term->get_reply( prompt => 'question?', [choices => \@list,
31056 default => $list[0], multi => BOOL, print_me => "extra text to print &
31057 record", allow => $ref] );
31065 =item $bool = $term->ask_yn( prompt => "your question", [default =>
31066 (y|1,n|0), print_me => "extra text to print & record"] )
31072 =item ($opts, $munged) = $term->parse_options( STRING );
31078 =item $str = $term->history_as_string
31084 =item GLOBAL VARIABLES
31088 =item $Term::UI::VERBOSE
31090 =item $Term::UI::AUTOREPLY
31092 =item $Term::UI::INVALID
31094 =item $Term::UI::History::HISTORY_FH
31102 =item Basic get_reply sample
31104 =item get_reply with choices
31106 =item get_reply with choices and default
31108 =item get_reply using print_me & multi
31110 =item get_reply & allow
31112 =item an elaborate ask_yn sample
31126 =head2 Term::UI::History
31138 =item history("message string" [,VERBOSE])
31146 =item GLOBAL VARIABLES
31158 =head2 Test - provides a simple framework for writing test scripts
31166 =item QUICK START GUIDE
31172 C<plan(...)>, C<tests =E<gt> I<number>>, C<todo =E<gt> [I<1,5,14>]>,
31173 C<onfail =E<gt> sub { ... }>, C<onfail =E<gt> \&some_sub>
31183 C<skip(I<skip_if_true>, I<args...>)>
31189 NORMAL TESTS, SKIPPED TESTS, TODO TESTS
31193 =item BUGS and CAVEATS
31205 =head2 Test::Builder - Backend for building test libraries
31229 =item Setting up tests
31247 =item Running tests
31253 B<is_eq>, B<is_num>
31255 B<isnt_eq>, B<isnt_num>
31263 =item Other Testing Methods
31277 =item Test building utility methods
31297 B<no_diag>, B<no_ending>, B<no_header>
31311 B<output>, B<failure_output>, B<todo_output>
31317 =item Test Status and Info
31353 =head2 Test::Builder::Module - Base class for test modules
31375 =head2 Test::Builder::Tester - test testsuites that have been built with
31398 test_test, title (synonym 'name', 'label'), skip_out, skip_err
31416 =head2 Test::Builder::Tester::Color - turn on colour in
31417 Test::Builder::Tester
31437 =head2 Test::Harness - Run Perl standard test scripts with statistics
31455 =item Configuration variables.
31457 C<$Test::Harness::Verbose>, C<$Test::Harness::switches>,
31458 C<$Test::Harness::Timer>
31462 B<Failed Test>, B<Stat>, B<Wstat>, B<Total>, B<Fail>, B<List of Failed>
31470 =item runtests( @test_files )
31478 =item execute_tests( tests => \@test_files, out => \*FH )
31488 C<All tests successful.\nFiles=%d, Tests=%d, %s>, C<FAILED tests
31489 %s\n\tFailed %d/%d tests, %.2f%% okay.>, C<Test returned status %d (wstat
31490 %d)>, C<Failed 1 test, %.2f%% okay. %s>, C<Failed %d/%d tests, %.2f%% okay.
31491 %s>, C<FAILED--Further testing stopped: %s>
31493 =item ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES THAT TEST::HARNESS SETS
31495 C<HARNESS_ACTIVE>, C<HARNESS_VERSION>
31497 =item ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES THAT AFFECT TEST::HARNESS
31499 C<HARNESS_COLUMNS>, C<HARNESS_COMPILE_TEST>, C<HARNESS_DEBUG>,
31500 C<HARNESS_FILELEAK_IN_DIR>, C<HARNESS_NOTTY>, C<HARNESS_PERL>,
31501 C<HARNESS_PERL_SWITCHES>, C<HARNESS_TIMER>, C<HARNESS_VERBOSE>,
31502 C<HARNESS_STRAP_CLASS>
31514 AnnoCPAN: Annotated CPAN documentation, CPAN Ratings, RT: CPAN's request
31515 tracker, Search CPAN
31525 =head2 Test::Harness::Assert - simple assert
31551 =head2 Test::Harness::Iterator - Internal Test::Harness Iterator
31569 =head2 Test::Harness::Point - object for tracking a single test point
31587 =item from_test_line( $line )
31599 =head2 Test::Harness::Results - object for tracking results from a single
31624 =head2 Test::Harness::Straps - detailed analysis of test results
31648 =item $strap->analyze( $name, \@output_lines )
31656 =item $strap->analyze_file( $test_file )
31676 =head2 Test::Harness::TAP - Documentation for the TAP format
31684 =item THE TAP FORMAT
31686 =item HARNESS BEHAVIOR
31688 =item TESTS LINES AND THE PLAN
31694 =item The test line
31696 C<ok> or C<not ok>, Test number, Description, Directive, ok/not ok
31697 (required), Test number (recommended), Description (recommended), Directive
31698 (only when necessary)
31708 =item Skipping tests
31720 =item Anything else
31728 =item Common with explanation
31730 =item Unknown amount and failures
31734 =item Skipping a few
31736 =item Skipping everything
31738 =item Got spare tuits?
31740 =item Creative liberties
31750 Specify a test plan, Run tests, Skip tests in certain situations, Have TODO
31751 tests, Produce TAP compatible diagnostics
31759 phpt, PHPUnit, SimpleTest, Apache-Test
31765 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
31771 =head2 Test::Harness::Util - Utility functions for Test::Harness::*
31777 =item PUBLIC FUNCTIONS
31781 =item all_in( {parm => value, parm => value} )
31791 =item shuffle( @list )
31801 =head2 Test::More - yet another framework for writing test scripts
31811 =item I love it when a plan comes together
31821 =item I'm ok, you're not ok.
31853 =item Complex data structures
31869 =item Conditional tests
31875 B<TODO: BLOCK>, B<todo_skip>
31877 When do I use SKIP vs. TODO?
31889 =item Discouraged comparison functions
31901 =item Extending and Embedding Test::More
31911 =item CAVEATS and NOTES
31913 Backwards compatibility, Overloaded objects, Threads, Test::Harness upgrade
31927 =head2 Test::Simple - Basic utilities for writing tests.
31951 L<Test::More>, L<Test>, L<Test::Unit>, L<Test::Inline>, L<SelfTest>,
31960 =head2 Test::Tutorial - A tutorial about writing really basic tests
31968 =item Nuts and bolts of testing.
31970 =item Where to start?
31974 =item Test the manual
31976 =item Sometimes the tests are wrong
31978 =item Testing lots of values
31980 =item Informative names
31982 =item Skipping tests
31986 =item Testing with taint mode.
31998 =head2 Text::Abbrev, abbrev - create an abbreviation table from a list
32010 =head2 Text::Balanced - Extract delimited text sequences from strings.
32020 =item General behaviour in list contexts
32024 =item General behaviour in scalar and void contexts
32026 =item A note about prefixes
32028 =item C<extract_delimited>
32030 =item C<extract_bracketed>
32032 =item C<extract_variable>
32036 =item C<extract_tagged>
32038 C<reject =E<gt> $listref>, C<ignore =E<gt> $listref>, C<fail =E<gt> $str>,
32039 [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5]
32041 =item C<gen_extract_tagged>
32043 =item C<extract_quotelike>
32045 [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [10]
32047 =item C<extract_quotelike> and "here documents"
32049 [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7..10]
32051 =item C<extract_codeblock>
32053 =item C<extract_multiple>
32055 =item C<gen_delimited_pat>
32057 =item C<delimited_pat>
32063 C<Did not find a suitable bracket: "%s">, C<Did not find prefix: /%s/>,
32064 C<Did not find opening bracket after prefix: "%s">, C<No quotelike
32065 operator found after prefix: "%s">, C<Unmatched closing bracket: "%c">,
32066 C<Unmatched opening bracket(s): "%s">, C<Unmatched embedded quote (%s)>,
32067 C<Did not find closing delimiter to match '%s'>, C<Mismatched closing
32068 bracket: expected "%c" but found "%s">, C<No block delimiter found after
32069 quotelike "%s">, C<Did not find leading dereferencer>, C<Bad identifier
32070 after dereferencer>, C<Did not find expected opening bracket at %s>,
32071 C<Improperly nested codeblock at %s>, C<Missing second block for quotelike
32072 "%s">, C<No match found for opening bracket>, C<Did not find opening tag:
32073 /%s/>, C<Unable to construct closing tag to match: /%s/>, C<Found invalid
32074 nested tag: %s>, C<Found unbalanced nested tag: %s>, C<Did not find closing
32079 =item BUGS AND IRRITATIONS
32085 =head2 Text::ParseWords - parse text into an array of tokens or array of
32100 =head2 Text::Soundex - Implementation of the soundex algorithm.
32118 =head2 Text::Tabs -- expand and unexpand tabs per the unix expand(1) and
32133 =head2 Text::Wrap - line wrapping to form simple paragraphs
32149 =head2 Thread - Manipulate threads in Perl (for old code only)
32163 $thread = Thread->new(\&start_sub), $thread = Thread->new(\&start_sub,
32164 LIST), lock VARIABLE, async BLOCK;, Thread->self, Thread->list, cond_wait
32165 VARIABLE, cond_signal VARIABLE, cond_broadcast VARIABLE, yield
32169 join, detach, equal, tid, done
32173 lock(\&sub), eval, flags
32179 =head2 Thread::Queue - thread-safe queues
32187 =item FUNCTIONS AND METHODS
32189 new, enqueue LIST, dequeue, dequeue_nb, pending
32195 =head2 Thread::Semaphore - thread-safe semaphores
32203 =item FUNCTIONS AND METHODS
32205 new, new NUMBER, down, down NUMBER, up, up NUMBER
32209 =head2 Tie::Array - base class for tied arrays
32217 TIEARRAY classname, LIST, STORE this, index, value, FETCH this, index,
32218 FETCHSIZE this, STORESIZE this, count, EXTEND this, count, EXISTS this,
32219 key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, DESTROY this, PUSH this, LIST, POP this,
32220 SHIFT this, UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST
32228 =head2 Tie::File - Access the lines of a disk file via a Perl array
32248 =item Option Format
32252 =item Public Methods
32260 =item C<defer>, C<flush>, C<discard>, and C<autodefer>
32266 =item Tying to an already-opened filehandle
32268 =item Deferred Writing
32272 =item Autodeferring
32276 =item CONCURRENT ACCESS TO FILES
32282 =item WHAT ABOUT C<DB_File>?
32296 =head2 Tie::Handle - base class definitions for tied handles
32304 TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, WRITE this, scalar, length, offset, PRINT this,
32305 LIST, PRINTF this, format, LIST, READ this, scalar, length, offset,
32306 READLINE this, GETC this, CLOSE this, OPEN this, filename, BINMODE this,
32307 EOF this, TELL this, SEEK this, offset, whence, DESTROY this
32309 =item MORE INFORMATION
32311 =item COMPATIBILITY
32315 =head2 Tie::Hash, Tie::StdHash, Tie::ExtraHash - base class definitions for
32324 TIEHASH classname, LIST, STORE this, key, value, FETCH this, key, FIRSTKEY
32325 this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, EXISTS this, key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR
32328 =item Inheriting from B<Tie::StdHash>
32330 =item Inheriting from B<Tie::ExtraHash>
32332 =item C<SCALAR>, C<UNTIE> and C<DESTROY>
32334 =item MORE INFORMATION
32338 =head2 Tie::Hash::NamedCapture - Named regexp capture buffers
32350 =head2 Tie::Memoize - add data to hash when needed
32358 =item Inheriting from B<Tie::Memoize>
32368 =head2 Tie::RefHash - use references as hash keys
32378 =item THREAD SUPPORT
32380 =item STORABLE SUPPORT
32382 =item RELIC SUPPORT
32392 =head2 Tie::Scalar, Tie::StdScalar - base class definitions for tied
32401 TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, DESTROY this
32403 =item MORE INFORMATION
32407 =head2 Tie::SubstrHash - Fixed-table-size, fixed-key-length hashing
32419 =head2 Time::HiRes - High resolution alarm, sleep, gettimeofday, interval
32428 gettimeofday (), usleep ( $useconds ), nanosleep ( $nanoseconds ), ualarm (
32429 $useconds [, $interval_useconds ] ), tv_interval, time (), sleep (
32430 $floating_seconds ), alarm ( $floating_seconds [,
32431 $interval_floating_seconds ] ), setitimer ( $which, $floating_seconds [,
32432 $interval_floating_seconds ] ), getitimer ( $which ), clock_gettime (
32433 $which ), clock_getres ( $which ), clock_nanosleep ( $which, $nanoseconds,
32434 $flags = 0), clock(), stat, stat FH, stat EXPR
32444 =item useconds or interval more than ...
32446 =item negative time not invented yet
32448 =item internal error: useconds < 0 (unsigned ... signed ...)
32458 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
32462 =head2 Time::Local - efficiently compute time from local and GMT time
32474 =item C<timelocal()> and C<timegm()>
32476 =item C<timelocal_nocheck()> and C<timegm_nocheck()>
32478 =item Year Value Interpretation
32480 =item Limits of time_t
32482 =item Ambiguous Local Times (DST)
32484 =item Non-Existent Local Times (DST)
32486 =item Negative Epoch Values
32490 =item IMPLEMENTATION
32502 =head2 Time::Piece - Object Oriented time objects
32514 =item Local Locales
32516 =item Date Calculations
32518 =item Date Comparisons
32522 =item YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ss
32526 =item Global Overriding
32540 =head2 Time::Piece::Seconds, Time::Seconds - a simple API to convert
32541 seconds to other date values
32559 =head2 Time::Seconds - a simple API to convert seconds to other date values
32577 =head2 Time::gmtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gmtime()
32592 =head2 Time::localtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in localtime()
32607 =head2 Time::tm - internal object used by Time::gmtime and Time::localtime
32619 =head2 UNIVERSAL - base class for ALL classes (blessed references)
32627 C<< $obj->isa( TYPE ) >>, C<< CLASS->isa( TYPE ) >>, C<< eval { VAL->isa(
32628 TYPE ) } >>, C<TYPE>, C<$obj>, C<CLASS>, C<VAL>, C<< $obj->DOES( ROLE ) >>,
32629 C<< CLASS->DOES( ROLE ) >>, C<< $obj->can( METHOD ) >>, C<< CLASS->can(
32630 METHOD ) >>, C<< eval { VAL->can( METHOD ) } >>, C<VERSION ( [ REQUIRE ] )>
32636 =head2 Unicode::Collate - Unicode Collation Algorithm
32646 =item Constructor and Tailoring
32648 UCA_Version, alternate, backwards, entry, hangul_terminator, ignoreChar,
32649 ignoreName, katakana_before_hiragana, level, normalization, overrideCJK,
32650 overrideHangul, preprocess, rearrange, table, undefChar, undefName,
32651 upper_before_lower, variable
32653 =item Methods for Collation
32655 C<@sorted = $Collator-E<gt>sort(@not_sorted)>, C<$result =
32656 $Collator-E<gt>cmp($a, $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>eq($a, $b)>,
32657 C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>ne($a, $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>lt($a,
32658 $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>le($a, $b)>, C<$result =
32659 $Collator-E<gt>gt($a, $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>ge($a, $b)>,
32660 C<$sortKey = $Collator-E<gt>getSortKey($string)>, C<$sortKeyForm =
32661 $Collator-E<gt>viewSortKey($string)>
32663 =item Methods for Searching
32665 C<$position = $Collator-E<gt>index($string, $substring[, $position])>,
32666 C<($position, $length) = $Collator-E<gt>index($string, $substring[,
32667 $position])>, C<$match_ref = $Collator-E<gt>match($string, $substring)>,
32668 C<($match) = $Collator-E<gt>match($string, $substring)>, C<@match =
32669 $Collator-E<gt>gmatch($string, $substring)>, C<$count =
32670 $Collator-E<gt>subst($string, $substring, $replacement)>, C<$count =
32671 $Collator-E<gt>gsubst($string, $substring, $replacement)>
32673 =item Other Methods
32675 C<%old_tailoring = $Collator-E<gt>change(%new_tailoring)>, C<$version =
32676 $Collator-E<gt>version()>, C<UCA_Version()>, C<Base_Unicode_Version()>
32686 Normalization, Conformance Test
32688 =item AUTHOR, COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
32692 Unicode Collation Algorithm - UTS #10, The Default Unicode Collation
32693 Element Table (DUCET), The conformance test for the UCA, Hangul Syllable
32694 Type, Unicode Normalization Forms - UAX #15
32698 =head2 Unicode::Normalize - Unicode Normalization Forms
32708 =item Normalization Forms
32710 C<$NFD_string = NFD($string)>, C<$NFC_string = NFC($string)>,
32711 C<$NFKD_string = NFKD($string)>, C<$NFKC_string = NFKC($string)>,
32712 C<$FCD_string = FCD($string)>, C<$FCC_string = FCC($string)>,
32713 C<$normalized_string = normalize($form_name, $string)>
32715 =item Decomposition and Composition
32717 C<$decomposed_string = decompose($string [, $useCompatMapping])>,
32718 C<$reordered_string = reorder($string)>, C<$composed_string =
32723 C<$result = checkNFD($string)>, C<$result = checkNFC($string)>, C<$result =
32724 checkNFKD($string)>, C<$result = checkNFKC($string)>, C<$result =
32725 checkFCD($string)>, C<$result = checkFCC($string)>, C<$result =
32726 check($form_name, $string)>
32728 =item Character Data
32730 C<$canonical_decomposition = getCanon($code_point)>,
32731 C<$compatibility_decomposition = getCompat($code_point)>,
32732 C<$code_point_composite = getComposite($code_point_here,
32733 $code_point_next)>, C<$combining_class = getCombinClass($code_point)>,
32734 C<$may_be_composed_with_prev_char = isComp2nd($code_point)>,
32735 C<$is_exclusion = isExclusion($code_point)>, C<$is_singleton =
32736 isSingleton($code_point)>, C<$is_non_starter_decomposition =
32737 isNonStDecomp($code_point)>, C<$is_Full_Composition_Exclusion =
32738 isComp_Ex($code_point)>, C<$NFD_is_NO = isNFD_NO($code_point)>,
32739 C<$NFC_is_NO = isNFC_NO($code_point)>, C<$NFC_is_MAYBE =
32740 isNFC_MAYBE($code_point)>, C<$NFKD_is_NO = isNFKD_NO($code_point)>,
32741 C<$NFKC_is_NO = isNFKC_NO($code_point)>, C<$NFKC_is_MAYBE =
32742 isNFKC_MAYBE($code_point)>
32750 Perl's version vs. Unicode version, Correction of decomposition mapping,
32751 Revised definition of canonical composition
32757 http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr15/,
32758 http://www.unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/CompositionExclusions.txt,
32759 http://www.unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/DerivedNormalizationProps.txt,
32760 http://www.unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/NormalizationCorrections.txt,
32761 http://www.unicode.org/review/pr-29.html, http://www.unicode.org/notes/tn5/
32765 =head2 Unicode::UCD - Unicode character database
32807 =item Blocks versus Scripts
32809 =item Matching Scripts and Blocks
32811 =item Code Point Arguments
32819 =item general_categories
32855 =item Unicode::UCD::UnicodeVersion
32861 =item Implementation Note
32873 =head2 User::grent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getgr*()
32888 =head2 User::pwent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getpw*()
32899 =item System Specifics
32913 =head2 Win32 - Interfaces to some Win32 API Functions
32921 =item Alphabetical Listing of Win32 Functions
32923 Win32::AbortSystemShutdown(MACHINE), Win32::BuildNumber(),
32924 Win32::CopyFile(FROM, TO, OVERWRITE), Win32::CreateDirectory(DIRECTORY),
32925 Win32::CreateFile(FILE), Win32::DomainName(),
32926 Win32::ExpandEnvironmentStrings(STRING), Win32::FormatMessage(ERRORCODE),
32927 Win32::FsType(), Win32::FreeLibrary(HANDLE),
32928 Win32::GetANSIPathName(FILENAME), Win32::GetArchName(),
32929 Win32::GetChipName(), Win32::GetCwd(), Win32::GetCurrentThreadId(),
32930 Win32::GetFileVersion(FILENAME), Win32::GetFolderPath(FOLDER [, CREATE]),
32931 Win32::GetFullPathName(FILENAME), Win32::GetLastError(),
32932 Win32::GetLongPathName(PATHNAME), Win32::GetNextAvailDrive(),
32933 Win32::GetOSVersion(), Win32::GetOSName(),
32934 Win32::GetShortPathName(PATHNAME), Win32::GetProcAddress(INSTANCE,
32935 PROCNAME), Win32::GetTickCount(), Win32::GuidGen(), Win32::IsAdminUser(),
32936 Win32::IsWinNT(), Win32::IsWin95(), Win32::LoadLibrary(LIBNAME),
32937 Win32::LoginName(), Win32::LookupAccountName(SYSTEM, ACCOUNT, DOMAIN, SID,
32938 SIDTYPE), Win32::LookupAccountSID(SYSTEM, SID, ACCOUNT, DOMAIN, SIDTYPE),
32939 Win32::MsgBox(MESSAGE [, FLAGS [, TITLE]]), Win32::NodeName(),
32940 Win32::OutputDebugString(STRING), Win32::RegisterServer(LIBRARYNAME),
32941 Win32::SetChildShowWindow(SHOWWINDOW), Win32::SetCwd(NEWDIRECTORY),
32942 Win32::SetLastError(ERROR), Win32::Sleep(TIME), Win32::Spawn(COMMAND, ARGS,
32943 PID), Win32::UnregisterServer(LIBRARYNAME)
32949 =head2 Win32API::File - Low-level access to Win32 system API calls for
32960 =item Object Oriented/Tied Handle Interface
32964 C<":Func">, attrLetsToBits, C<$uBits= attrLetsToBits( $sAttributeLetters
32965 )>, C<"a">, C<"c">, C<"h">, C<"o">, C<"r">, C<"s">, C<"t">, createFile,
32966 C<$hObject= createFile( $sPath )>, C<$hObject= createFile( $sPath,
32967 $rvhvOptions )>, C<$hObject= createFile( $sPath, $svAccess )>, C<$hObject=
32968 createFile( $sPath, $svAccess, $rvhvOptions )>, C<$hObject= createFile(
32969 $sPath, $svAccess, $svShare )>, C<$hObject= createFile( $sPath, $svAccess,
32970 $svShare, $rvhvOptions )>, C<"q">, C<"r">, C<"w">, C<"k">, C<"t">, C<"n">,
32971 C<"c">, C<"e">, C<"kc">, C<"ke">, C<"tc">, C<"te">, C<"nc">, C<"ne">, Flags
32972 => $uFlags, Attributes => $sAttributes, Security => $pSecurityAttributes,
32973 Model => $hModelFile, Access => $sAccess, Access => $uAccess, Create =>
32974 $sCreate, Create => $uCreate, Share => $sShare, Share => $uShare,
32975 getLogicalDrives, C<@roots= getLogicalDrives()>, CloseHandle,
32976 C<CloseHandle( $hObject )>, CopyFile, C<CopyFile( $sOldFileName,
32977 $sNewFileName, $bFailIfExists )>, CreateFile, C<$hObject= CreateFile(
32978 $sPath, $uAccess, $uShare, $pSecAttr, $uCreate, $uFlags, $hModel )>,
32979 C<"//./PhysicalDrive0">, C<"//./C:">, C<"//./A:">, C<"//./PIPE/PipeName">,
32980 DefineDosDevice, C<DefineDosDevice( $uFlags, $sDosDeviceName, $sTargetPath
32981 )>, C<DDD_RAW_TARGET_PATH>, C<DDD_REMOVE_DEFINITION>,
32982 C<DDD_EXACT_MATCH_ON_REMOVE>, DeleteFile, C<DeleteFile( $sFileName )>,
32983 DeviceIoControl, C<DeviceIoControl( $hDevice, $uIoControlCode, $pInBuf,
32984 $lInBuf, $opOutBuf, $lOutBuf, $olRetBytes, $pOverlapped )>, FdGetOsFHandle,
32985 C<$hNativeHandle= FdGetOsFHandle( $ivFd )>, fileConstant, C<$value=
32986 fileConstant( $sConstantName )>, fileLastError, C<$svError=
32987 fileLastError();>, C<fileLastError( $uError );>, GetDriveType,
32988 C<$uDriveType= GetDriveType( $sRootPath )>, C<DRIVE_UNKNOWN>,
32989 C<DRIVE_NO_ROOT_DIR>, C<DRIVE_REMOVABLE>, C<DRIVE_FIXED>, C<DRIVE_REMOTE>,
32990 C<DRIVE_CDROM>, C<DRIVE_RAMDISK>, GetFileAttributes, C<$uAttrs =
32991 GetFileAttributes( $sPath )>, C<FILE_ATTRIBUTE_ARCHIVE>,
32992 C<FILE_ATTRIBUTE_COMPRESSED>, C<FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DEVICE>,
32993 C<FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY>, C<FILE_ATTRIBUTE_ENCRYPTED>,
32994 C<FILE_ATTRIBUTE_HIDDEN>, C<FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL>,
32995 C<FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NOT_CONTENT_INDEXED>, C<FILE_ATTRIBUTE_OFFLINE>,
32996 C<FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY>, C<FILE_ATTRIBUTE_REPARSE_POINT>,
32997 C<FILE_ATTRIBUTE_SPARSE_FILE>, C<FILE_ATTRIBUTE_SYSTEM>,
32998 C<FILE_ATTRIBUTE_TEMPORARY>, GetFileType, C<$uFileType= GetFileType( $hFile
32999 )>, C<FILE_TYPE_UNKNOWN>, C<FILE_TYPE_DISK>, C<FILE_TYPE_CHAR>,
33000 C<FILE_TYPE_PIPE>, getFileSize, C<$size= getFileSize( $hFile )>,
33001 GetFileSize, C<$iSizeLow= GetFileSize($win32Handle, $iSizeHigh)>,
33002 GetOverlappedResult, C<$bRetval= GetOverlappedResult( $win32Handle,
33003 $pOverlapped, $numBytesTransferred, $bWait )>, GetLogicalDrives,
33004 C<$uDriveBits= GetLogicalDrives()>, GetLogicalDriveStrings, C<$olOutLength=
33005 GetLogicalDriveStrings( $lBufSize, $osBuffer )>, GetHandleInformation,
33006 C<GetHandleInformation( $hObject, $ouFlags )>, GetOsFHandle,
33007 C<$hNativeHandle= GetOsFHandle( FILE )>, GetVolumeInformation,
33008 C<GetVolumeInformation( $sRootPath, $osVolName, $lVolName, $ouSerialNum,
33009 $ouMaxNameLen, $ouFsFlags, $osFsType, $lFsType )>, C<FS_CASE_IS_PRESERVED>,
33010 C<FS_CASE_SENSITIVE>, C<FS_UNICODE_STORED_ON_DISK>, C<FS_PERSISTENT_ACLS>,
33011 C<FS_FILE_COMPRESSION>, C<FS_VOL_IS_COMPRESSED>, IsRecognizedPartition,
33012 C<IsRecognizedPartition( $ivPartitionType )>, IsContainerPartition,
33013 C<IsContainerPartition( $ivPartitionType )>, MoveFile, C<MoveFile(
33014 $sOldName, $sNewName )>, MoveFileEx, C<MoveFileEx( $sOldName, $sNewName,
33015 $uFlags )>, C<MOVEFILE_REPLACE_EXISTING>, C<MOVEFILE_COPY_ALLOWED>,
33016 C<MOVEFILE_DELAY_UNTIL_REBOOT>, C<MOVEFILE_WRITE_THROUGH>, OsFHandleOpen,
33017 C<OsFHandleOpen( FILE, $hNativeHandle, $sMode )>, OsFHandleOpenFd, C<$ivFD=
33018 OsFHandleOpenFd( $hNativeHandle, $uMode )>, QueryDosDevice, C<$olTargetLen=
33019 QueryDosDevice( $sDosDeviceName, $osTargetPath, $lTargetBuf )>, ReadFile,
33020 C<ReadFile( $hFile, $opBuffer, $lBytes, $olBytesRead, $pOverlapped )>,
33021 SetErrorMode, C<$uOldMode= SetErrorMode( $uNewMode )>,
33022 C<SEM_FAILCRITICALERRORS>, C<SEM_NOALIGNMENTFAULTEXCEPT>,
33023 C<SEM_NOGPFAULTERRORBOX>, C<SEM_NOOPENFILEERRORBOX>, setFilePointer,
33024 C<$uNewPos = setFilePointer( $hFile, $ivOffset, $uFromWhere )>,
33025 SetFilePointer, C<$uNewPos = SetFilePointer( $hFile, $ivOffset,
33026 $ioivOffsetHigh, $uFromWhere )>, SetHandleInformation,
33027 C<SetHandleInformation( $hObject, $uMask, $uFlags )>, WriteFile,
33028 C<WriteFile( $hFile, $pBuffer, $lBytes, $ouBytesWritten, $pOverlapped )>,
33029 C<":FuncA">, C<":FuncW">, CopyFileW, C<CopyFileW( $swOldFileName,
33030 $swNewFileName, $bFailIfExists )>, CreateFileW, C<$hObject= CreateFileW(
33031 $swPath, $uAccess, $uShare, $pSecAttr, $uCreate, $uFlags, $hModel )>,
33032 DefineDosDeviceW, C<DefineDosDeviceW( $uFlags, $swDosDeviceName,
33033 $swTargetPath )>, DeleteFileW, C<DeleteFileW( $swFileName )>,
33034 GetDriveTypeW, C<$uDriveType= GetDriveTypeW( $swRootPath )>,
33035 GetFileAttributesW, C<$uAttrs= GetFileAttributesW( $swPath )>,
33036 GetLogicalDriveStringsW, C<$olwOutLength= GetLogicalDriveStringsW(
33037 $lwBufSize, $oswBuffer )>, GetVolumeInformationW, C<GetVolumeInformationW(
33038 $swRootPath, $oswVolName, $lwVolName, $ouSerialNum, $ouMaxNameLen,
33039 $ouFsFlags, $oswFsType, $lwFsType )>, MoveFileW, C<MoveFileW( $swOldName,
33040 $swNewName )>, MoveFileExW, C<MoveFileExW( $swOldName, $swNewName, $uFlags
33041 )>, QueryDosDeviceW, C<$olwTargetLen= QueryDosDeviceW( $swDeviceName,
33042 $oswTargetPath, $lwTargetBuf )>, C<":Misc">, C<":DDD_">, C<":DRIVE_">,
33043 C<":FILE_">, C<":FILE_ATTRIBUTE_">, C<":FILE_FLAG_">, C<":FILE_SHARE_">,
33044 C<":FILE_TYPE_">, C<":FS_">, C<":HANDLE_FLAG_">, HANDLE_FLAG_INHERIT,
33045 HANDLE_FLAG_PROTECT_FROM_CLOSE, C<":IOCTL_STORAGE_">,
33046 C<IOCTL_STORAGE_CHECK_VERIFY>, C<IOCTL_STORAGE_MEDIA_REMOVAL>,
33047 C<IOCTL_STORAGE_EJECT_MEDIA>, C<IOCTL_STORAGE_LOAD_MEDIA>,
33048 C<IOCTL_STORAGE_RESERVE>, C<IOCTL_STORAGE_RELEASE>,
33049 C<IOCTL_STORAGE_FIND_NEW_DEVICES>, C<IOCTL_STORAGE_GET_MEDIA_TYPES>,
33050 C<$ucCylsLow[$i]>, C<$ivcCylsHigh[$i]>, C<$uMediaType[$i]>,
33051 C<$uTracksPerCyl[$i]>, C<$uSectsPerTrack[$i]>, C<$uBytesPerSect[$i]>,
33052 C<":IOCTL_DISK_">, C<IOCTL_DISK_GET_DRIVE_GEOMETRY>, C<$ucCylsLow>,
33053 C<$ivcCylsHigh>, C<$uMediaType>, C<$uTracksPerCyl>, C<$uSectsPerTrack>,
33054 C<$uBytesPerSect>, C<IOCTL_DISK_GET_PARTITION_INFO>, C<$uStartLow> and
33055 C<$ivStartHigh>, C<$ucHiddenSects>, C<$uPartitionSeqNumber>,
33056 C<$uPartitionType>, C<$bActive>, C<$bRecognized>, C<$bToRewrite>,
33057 C<IOCTL_DISK_SET_PARTITION_INFO>, C<IOCTL_DISK_GET_DRIVE_LAYOUT>,
33058 C<$cPartitions>, C<$uDiskSignature>, C<IOCTL_DISK_GET_MEDIA_TYPES>,
33059 C<IOCTL_DISK_SET_DRIVE_LAYOUT>, C<IOCTL_DISK_VERIFY>, C<$uStartOffsetLow>
33060 and C<$ivStartOffsetHigh>, C<$uLength>, C<IOCTL_DISK_FORMAT_TRACKS>,
33061 C<IOCTL_DISK_REASSIGN_BLOCKS>, C<IOCTL_DISK_PERFORMANCE>,
33062 C<IOCTL_DISK_IS_WRITABLE>, C<IOCTL_DISK_LOGGING>, DISK_LOGGING_START,
33063 DISK_LOGGING_STOP, DISK_LOGGING_DUMP, DISK_LOGGING_BINNING,
33064 C<IOCTL_DISK_FORMAT_TRACKS_EX>, C<IOCTL_DISK_HISTOGRAM_STRUCTURE>,
33065 C<IOCTL_DISK_HISTOGRAM_DATA>, C<IOCTL_DISK_HISTOGRAM_RESET>,
33066 C<IOCTL_DISK_REQUEST_STRUCTURE>, C<IOCTL_DISK_REQUEST_DATA>, C<":FSCTL_">,
33067 C<FSCTL_SET_REPARSE_POINT>, C<FSCTL_GET_REPARSE_POINT>,
33068 C<FSCTL_DELETE_REPARSE_POINT>, C<":GENERIC_">, C<":MEDIA_TYPE">,
33069 C<Unknown>, C<F5_1Pt2_512>, C<F3_1Pt44_512>, C<F3_2Pt88_512>,
33070 C<F3_20Pt8_512>, C<F3_720_512>, C<F5_360_512>, C<F5_320_512>,
33071 C<F5_320_1024>, C<F5_180_512>, C<F5_160_512>, C<RemovableMedia>,
33072 C<FixedMedia>, C<F3_120M_512>, C<":MOVEFILE_">, C<":SECURITY_">,
33073 C<":SEM_">, C<":PARTITION_">, C<":ALL">
33085 =head2 Win32CORE - Win32 CORE function stubs
33095 =head2 XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code
33107 =item Migration from C<DynaLoader>
33109 =item Backward compatible boilerplate
33113 =item Order of initialization: early load()
33117 =item The most hairy case
33123 C<Can't find '%s' symbol in %s>, C<Can't load '%s' for module %s: %s>,
33124 C<Undefined symbols present after loading %s: %s>,
33125 C<XSLoader::load('Your::Module', $Your::Module::VERSION)>
33139 =head1 AUXILIARY DOCUMENTATION
33141 Here should be listed all the extra programs' documentation, but they
33142 don't all have manual pages yet:
33176 Larry Wall <F<larry@wall.org>>, with the help of oodles