4 perltoc - perl documentation table of contents
8 This page provides a brief table of contents for the rest of the Perl
9 documentation set. It is meant to be scanned quickly or grepped
10 through to locate the proper section you're looking for.
12 =head1 BASIC DOCUMENTATION
14 =head2 perl - Practical Extraction and Report Language
26 =item Reference Manual
28 =item Internals and C Language Interface
32 =item Language-Specific
34 =item Platform-Specific
58 =head2 perlintro -- a brief introduction and overview of Perl
68 =item Running Perl programs
70 =item Basic syntax overview
72 =item Perl variable types
74 Scalars, Arrays, Hashes
76 =item Variable scoping
78 =item Conditional and looping constructs
80 if, while, for, foreach
82 =item Builtin operators and functions
84 Arithmetic, Numeric comparison, String comparison, Boolean logic,
89 =item Regular expressions
91 Simple matching, Simple substitution, More complex regular expressions,
92 Parentheses for capturing, Other regexp features
94 =item Writing subroutines
98 =item Using Perl modules
106 =head2 perlfaq - frequently asked questions about Perl ($Date: 2002/03/11
115 =item perlfaq: Structural overview of the FAQ.
117 =item L<perlfaq1>: General Questions About Perl
119 =item L<perlfaq2>: Obtaining and Learning about Perl
121 =item L<perlfaq3>: Programming Tools
123 =item L<perlfaq4>: Data Manipulation
125 =item L<perlfaq5>: Files and Formats
127 =item L<perlfaq6>: Regular Expressions
129 =item L<perlfaq7>: General Perl Language Issues
131 =item L<perlfaq8>: System Interaction
133 =item L<perlfaq9>: Networking
137 =item About the perlfaq documents
141 =item Where to get the perlfaq
143 =item How to contribute to the perlfaq
145 =item What will happen if you mail your Perl programming problems to the
152 =item Author and Copyright Information
156 =item Bundled Distributions
164 1/November/2000, 23/May/99, 13/April/99, 7/January/99, 22/June/98,
165 24/April/97, 23/April/97, 25/March/97, 18/March/97, 17/March/97 Version,
166 Initial Release: 11/March/97
170 =head2 perlbook - Perl book information
178 =head2 perlsyn - Perl syntax
188 =item Simple statements
190 =item Compound statements
198 =item Basic BLOCKs and Switch Statements
202 =item PODs: Embedded Documentation
204 =item Plain Old Comments (Not!)
210 =head2 perldata - Perl data types
224 =item Scalar value constructors
226 =item List value constructors
230 =item Typeglobs and Filehandles
238 =head2 perlop - Perl operators and precedence
248 =item Terms and List Operators (Leftward)
250 =item The Arrow Operator
252 =item Auto-increment and Auto-decrement
256 =item Symbolic Unary Operators
258 =item Binding Operators
260 =item Multiplicative Operators
262 =item Additive Operators
264 =item Shift Operators
266 =item Named Unary Operators
268 =item Relational Operators
270 =item Equality Operators
274 =item Bitwise Or and Exclusive Or
276 =item C-style Logical And
278 =item C-style Logical Or
280 =item Range Operators
282 =item Conditional Operator
284 =item Assignment Operators
288 =item List Operators (Rightward)
294 =item Logical or and Exclusive Or
296 =item C Operators Missing From Perl
298 unary &, unary *, (TYPE)
300 =item Quote and Quote-like Operators
302 =item Regexp Quote-Like Operators
304 ?PATTERN?, m/PATTERN/cgimosx, /PATTERN/cgimosx, q/STRING/, C<'STRING'>,
305 qq/STRING/, "STRING", qr/STRING/imosx, qx/STRING/, `STRING`, qw/STRING/,
306 s/PATTERN/REPLACEMENT/egimosx, tr/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds,
307 y/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds, <<EOF
309 =item Gory details of parsing quoted constructs
311 Finding the end, Removal of backslashes before delimiters, Interpolation,
312 C<<<'EOF'>, C<m''>, C<s'''>, C<tr///>, C<y///>, C<''>, C<q//>, C<"">,
313 C<``>, C<qq//>, C<qx//>, C<< <file*glob> >>, C<?RE?>, C</RE/>, C<m/RE/>,
314 C<s/RE/foo/>,, Interpolation of regular expressions, Optimization of
319 =item Constant Folding
321 =item Bitwise String Operators
323 =item Integer Arithmetic
325 =item Floating-point Arithmetic
333 =head2 perlsub - Perl subroutines
343 =item Private Variables via my()
345 =item Persistent Private Variables
347 =item Temporary Values via local()
349 =item Lvalue subroutines
351 =item Passing Symbol Table Entries (typeglobs)
353 =item When to Still Use local()
355 =item Pass by Reference
359 =item Constant Functions
361 =item Overriding Built-in Functions
365 =item Subroutine Attributes
373 =head2 perlfunc - Perl builtin functions
381 =item Perl Functions by Category
383 Functions for SCALARs or strings, Regular expressions and pattern matching,
384 Numeric functions, Functions for real @ARRAYs, Functions for list data,
385 Functions for real %HASHes, Input and output functions, Functions for fixed
386 length data or records, Functions for filehandles, files, or directories,
387 Keywords related to the control flow of your perl program, Keywords related
388 to scoping, Miscellaneous functions, Functions for processes and process
389 groups, Keywords related to perl modules, Keywords related to classes and
390 object-orientedness, Low-level socket functions, System V interprocess
391 communication functions, Fetching user and group info, Fetching network
392 info, Time-related functions, Functions new in perl5, Functions obsoleted
397 =item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions
399 I<-X> FILEHANDLE, I<-X> EXPR, I<-X>, abs VALUE, abs, accept
400 NEWSOCKET,GENERICSOCKET, alarm SECONDS, alarm, atan2 Y,X, bind SOCKET,NAME,
401 binmode FILEHANDLE, DISCIPLINE, binmode FILEHANDLE, bless REF,CLASSNAME,
402 bless REF, caller EXPR, caller, chdir EXPR, chmod LIST, chomp VARIABLE,
403 chomp( LIST ), chomp, chop VARIABLE, chop( LIST ), chop, chown LIST, chr
404 NUMBER, chr, chroot FILENAME, chroot, close FILEHANDLE, close, closedir
405 DIRHANDLE, connect SOCKET,NAME, continue BLOCK, cos EXPR, cos, crypt
406 PLAINTEXT,SALT, dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MASK, defined EXPR,
407 defined, delete EXPR, die LIST, do BLOCK, do SUBROUTINE(LIST), do EXPR,
408 dump LABEL, dump, each HASH, eof FILEHANDLE, eof (), eof, eval EXPR, eval
409 BLOCK, exec LIST, exec PROGRAM LIST, exists EXPR, exit EXPR, exp EXPR, exp,
410 fcntl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, fileno FILEHANDLE, flock
411 FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, fork, format, formline PICTURE,LIST, getc FILEHANDLE,
412 getc, getlogin, getpeername SOCKET, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority
413 WHICH,WHO, getpwnam NAME, getgrnam NAME, gethostbyname NAME, getnetbyname
414 NAME, getprotobyname NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getservbyname
415 NAME,PROTO, gethostbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE,
416 getprotobynumber NUMBER, getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent,
417 gethostent, getnetent, getprotoent, getservent, setpwent, setgrent,
418 sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent
419 STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent, endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent,
420 endservent, getsockname SOCKET, getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR,
421 glob, gmtime EXPR, goto LABEL, goto EXPR, goto &NAME, grep BLOCK LIST, grep
422 EXPR,LIST, hex EXPR, hex, import, index STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, index
423 STR,SUBSTR, int EXPR, int, ioctl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, join
424 EXPR,LIST, keys HASH, kill SIGNAL, LIST, last LABEL, last, lc EXPR, lc,
425 lcfirst EXPR, lcfirst, length EXPR, length, link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, listen
426 SOCKET,QUEUESIZE, local EXPR, localtime EXPR, lock THING, log EXPR, log,
427 lstat EXPR, lstat, m//, map BLOCK LIST, map EXPR,LIST, mkdir FILENAME,MASK,
428 mkdir FILENAME, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget KEY,FLAGS, msgrcv
429 ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS, my EXPR, my EXPR : ATTRIBUTES,
430 next LABEL, next, no Module VERSION LIST, no Module VERSION, no Module
431 LIST, no Module, oct EXPR, oct, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open
432 FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR,LIST, open
433 FILEHANDLE,MODE,REFERENCE, open FILEHANDLE, opendir DIRHANDLE,EXPR, ord
434 EXPR, ord, our EXPR, our EXPR : ATTRIBUTES, pack TEMPLATE,LIST, package
435 NAMESPACE, package, pipe READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, pop ARRAY, pop, pos
436 SCALAR, pos, print FILEHANDLE LIST, print LIST, print, printf FILEHANDLE
437 FORMAT, LIST, printf FORMAT, LIST, prototype FUNCTION, push ARRAY,LIST,
438 q/STRING/, qq/STRING/, qr/STRING/, qx/STRING/, qw/STRING/, quotemeta EXPR,
439 quotemeta, rand EXPR, rand, read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, read
440 FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, readdir DIRHANDLE, readline EXPR, readlink EXPR,
441 readlink, readpipe EXPR, recv SOCKET,SCALAR,LENGTH,FLAGS, redo LABEL, redo,
442 ref EXPR, ref, rename OLDNAME,NEWNAME, require VERSION, require EXPR,
443 require, reset EXPR, reset, return EXPR, return, reverse LIST, rewinddir
444 DIRHANDLE, rindex STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, rindex STR,SUBSTR, rmdir FILENAME,
445 rmdir, s///, scalar EXPR, seek FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, seekdir
446 DIRHANDLE,POS, select FILEHANDLE, select, select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT,
447 semctl ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, send
448 SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS,TO, send SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS, setpgrp PID,PGRP, setpriority
449 WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shift ARRAY,
450 shift, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS, shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE,
451 shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, shutdown SOCKET,HOW, sin EXPR, sin, sleep
452 EXPR, sleep, sockatmark SOCKET, socket SOCKET,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL,
453 socketpair SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, sort SUBNAME LIST, sort
454 BLOCK LIST, sort LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,LIST, splice
455 ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH, splice ARRAY,OFFSET, splice ARRAY, split
456 /PATTERN/,EXPR,LIMIT, split /PATTERN/,EXPR, split /PATTERN/, split, sprintf
457 FORMAT, LIST, sqrt EXPR, sqrt, srand EXPR, srand, stat FILEHANDLE, stat
458 EXPR, stat, study SCALAR, study, sub BLOCK, sub NAME, sub NAME BLOCK,
459 substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH,REPLACEMENT, substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH, substr
460 EXPR,OFFSET, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen
461 FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE, sysopen FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, sysread
462 FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, sysread FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, sysseek
463 FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, system LIST, system PROGRAM LIST, syswrite
464 FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,
465 syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR, tell FILEHANDLE, tell, telldir DIRHANDLE, tie
466 VARIABLE,CLASSNAME,LIST, tied VARIABLE, time, times, tr///, truncate
467 FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, uc EXPR, uc, ucfirst EXPR,
468 ucfirst, umask EXPR, umask, undef EXPR, undef, unlink LIST, unlink, unpack
469 TEMPLATE,EXPR, untie VARIABLE, unshift ARRAY,LIST, use Module VERSION LIST,
470 use Module VERSION, use Module LIST, use Module, use VERSION, utime LIST,
471 values HASH, vec EXPR,OFFSET,BITS, wait, waitpid PID,FLAGS, wantarray, warn
472 LIST, write FILEHANDLE, write EXPR, write, y///
478 =head2 perlreftut - Mark's very short tutorial about references
484 =item Who Needs Complicated Data Structures?
492 =item Making References
494 =item Using References
512 =item Distribution Conditions
518 =head2 perldsc - Perl Data Structures Cookbook
524 arrays of arrays, hashes of arrays, arrays of hashes, hashes of hashes,
525 more elaborate constructs
529 =item COMMON MISTAKES
531 =item CAVEAT ON PRECEDENCE
533 =item WHY YOU SHOULD ALWAYS C<use strict>
539 =item ARRAYS OF ARRAYS
543 =item Declaration of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
545 =item Generation of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
547 =item Access and Printing of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
551 =item HASHES OF ARRAYS
555 =item Declaration of a HASH OF ARRAYS
557 =item Generation of a HASH OF ARRAYS
559 =item Access and Printing of a HASH OF ARRAYS
563 =item ARRAYS OF HASHES
567 =item Declaration of an ARRAY OF HASHES
569 =item Generation of an ARRAY OF HASHES
571 =item Access and Printing of an ARRAY OF HASHES
575 =item HASHES OF HASHES
579 =item Declaration of a HASH OF HASHES
581 =item Generation of a HASH OF HASHES
583 =item Access and Printing of a HASH OF HASHES
587 =item MORE ELABORATE RECORDS
591 =item Declaration of MORE ELABORATE RECORDS
593 =item Declaration of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS
595 =item Generation of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS
607 =head2 perlrequick - Perl regular expressions quick start
617 =item Simple word matching
619 =item Using character classes
621 =item Matching this or that
623 =item Grouping things and hierarchical matching
625 =item Extracting matches
627 =item Matching repetitions
631 =item Search and replace
633 =item The split operator
641 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
645 =item Acknowledgments
651 =head2 perlpod - the Plain Old Documentation format
659 =item Ordinary Paragraph
661 =item Verbatim Paragraph
663 =item Command Paragraph
665 C<=head1 I<Heading Text>>, C<=head2 I<Heading Text>>, C<=head3 I<Heading
666 Text>>, C<=head4 I<Heading Text>>, C<=over I<indentlevel>>, C<=item
667 I<stuff...>>, C<=back>, C<=cut>, C<=pod>, C<=begin I<formatname>>, C<=end
668 I<formatname>>, C<=for I<formatname> I<text...>>
670 =item Formatting Codes
672 C<IE<lt>textE<gt>> -- italic text, C<BE<lt>textE<gt>> -- bold text,
673 C<CE<lt>codeE<gt>> -- code text, C<LE<lt>nameE<gt>> -- a hyperlink,
674 C<EE<lt>escapeE<gt>> -- a character escape, C<FE<lt>filenameE<gt>> -- used
675 for filenames, C<SE<lt>textE<gt>> -- text contains non-breaking spaces,
676 C<XE<lt>topic nameE<gt>> -- an index entry, C<ZE<lt>E<gt>> -- a null
677 (zero-effect) formatting code
681 =item Embedding Pods in Perl Modules
683 =item Hints for Writing Pod
693 =head2 perlpodspec - Plain Old Documentation: format specification and
700 =item Pod Definitions
704 "=head1", "=head2", "=head3", "=head4", "=pod", "=cut", "=over", "=item",
705 "=back", "=begin formatname", "=end formatname", "=for formatname text..."
707 =item Pod Formatting Codes
709 C<IE<lt>textE<gt>> -- italic text, C<BE<lt>textE<gt>> -- bold text,
710 C<CE<lt>codeE<gt>> -- code text, C<FE<lt>filenameE<gt>> -- style for
711 filenames, C<XE<lt>topic nameE<gt>> -- an index entry, C<ZE<lt>E<gt>> -- a
712 null (zero-effect) formatting code, C<LE<lt>nameE<gt>> -- a hyperlink,
713 C<EE<lt>escapeE<gt>> -- a character escape, C<SE<lt>textE<gt>> -- text
714 contains non-breaking spaces
716 =item Notes on Implementing Pod Processors
718 =item About LE<lt>...E<gt> Codes
720 First:, Second:, Third:, Fourth:, Fifth:, Sixth:
722 =item About =over...=back Regions
724 =item About Data Paragraphs and "=begin/=end" Regions
732 =head2 perlstyle - Perl style guide
740 =head2 perltrap - Perl traps for the unwary
758 =item Perl4 to Perl5 Traps
760 Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps, Parsing Traps, Numerical
761 Traps, General data type traps, Context Traps - scalar, list contexts,
762 Precedence Traps, General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc,
763 Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps, OS Traps, DBM Traps, Unclassified Traps
765 =item Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps
767 Discontinuance, Deprecation, BugFix, Discontinuance, Discontinuance,
768 Discontinuance, BugFix, Discontinuance, Discontinuance, BugFix,
769 Discontinuance, Deprecation, Discontinuance, Discontinuance
773 Parsing, Parsing, Parsing, Parsing, Parsing
775 =item Numerical Traps
777 Numerical, Numerical, Numerical, Bitwise string ops
779 =item General data type traps
781 (Arrays), (Arrays), (Hashes), (Globs), (Globs), (Scalar String),
782 (Constants), (Scalars), (Variable Suicide)
784 =item Context Traps - scalar, list contexts
786 (list context), (scalar context), (scalar context), (list, builtin)
788 =item Precedence Traps
790 Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence,
793 =item General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc.
795 Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular
796 Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression,
799 =item Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps
801 (Signals), (Sort Subroutine), warn() won't let you specify a filehandle
807 =item Interpolation Traps
809 Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation,
810 Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation
816 =item Unclassified Traps
818 C<require>/C<do> trap using returned value, C<split> on empty string with
825 =head2 perlrun - how to execute the Perl interpreter
835 =item #! and quoting on non-Unix systems
837 OS/2, MS-DOS, Win95/NT, Macintosh, VMS
839 =item Location of Perl
841 =item Command Switches
843 B<-0>[I<digits>], B<-a>, B<-C>, B<-c>, B<-d>, B<-d:>I<foo[=bar,baz]>,
844 B<-D>I<letters>, B<-D>I<number>, B<-e> I<commandline>, B<-F>I<pattern>,
845 B<-h>, B<-i>[I<extension>], B<-I>I<directory>, B<-l>[I<octnum>],
846 B<-m>[B<->]I<module>, B<-M>[B<->]I<module>, B<-M>[B<->]I<'module ...'>,
847 B<-[mM]>[B<->]I<module=arg[,arg]...>, B<-n>, B<-p>, B<-P>, B<-s>, B<-S>,
848 B<-t>, B<-T>, B<-u>, B<-U>, B<-v>, B<-V>, B<-V:>I<name>, B<-w>, B<-W>,
849 B<-X>, B<-x> I<directory>
855 HOME, LOGDIR, PATH, PERL5LIB, PERL5OPT, PERLLIB, PERL5DB, PERL5SHELL
856 (specific to the Win32 port), PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS, PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL,
857 PERL_ENCODING, PERL_ROOT (specific to the VMS port), SYS$LOGIN (specific to
862 =head2 perldiag - various Perl diagnostics
870 =head2 perllexwarn - Perl Lexical Warnings
878 =item Default Warnings and Optional Warnings
880 =item What's wrong with B<-w> and C<$^W>
882 =item Controlling Warnings from the Command Line
886 =item Backward Compatibility
888 =item Category Hierarchy
892 =item Reporting Warnings from a Module
904 =head2 perldebtut - Perl debugging tutorial
912 =item Looking at data and -w and v
916 =item Stepping through code
918 =item Placeholder for a, w, t, T
920 =item REGULAR EXPRESSIONS
938 =head2 perldebug - Perl debugging
944 =item The Perl Debugger
948 =item Debugger Commands
950 h, h [command], h h, p expr, x [maxdepth] expr, V [pkg [vars]], X [vars], y
951 [level [vars]], T, s [expr], n [expr], r, <CR>, c [line|sub], l, l
952 min+incr, l min-max, l line, l subname, -, v [line], f filename, /pattern/,
953 ?pattern?, L [abw], S [[!]regex], t, t expr, b, b [line] [condition], b
954 subname [condition], b postpone subname [condition], b load filename, b
955 compile subname, B line, B *, a [line] command, A line, A *, w expr, W
956 expr, W *, o, o booloption .., o anyoption? .., o option=value .., < ?, < [
957 command ], << command, > ?, > command, >> command, { ?, { [ command ], {{
958 command, ! number, ! -number, ! pattern, !! cmd, @ file, H -number, q or
959 ^D, R, |dbcmd, ||dbcmd, command, m expr, M, man [manpage]
961 =item Configurable Options
963 C<recallCommand>, C<ShellBang>, C<pager>, C<tkRunning>, C<signalLevel>,
964 C<warnLevel>, C<dieLevel>, C<AutoTrace>, C<LineInfo>, C<inhibit_exit>,
965 C<PrintRet>, C<ornaments>, C<frame>, C<maxTraceLen>, C<windowSize>,
966 C<arrayDepth>, C<hashDepth>, C<dumpDepth>, C<compactDump>, C<veryCompact>,
967 C<globPrint>, C<DumpDBFiles>, C<DumpPackages>, C<DumpReused>, C<quote>,
968 C<HighBit>, C<undefPrint>, C<UsageOnly>, C<TTY>, C<noTTY>, C<ReadLine>,
971 =item Debugger input/output
973 Prompt, Multiline commands, Stack backtrace, Line Listing Format, Frame
976 =item Debugging compile-time statements
978 =item Debugger Customization
980 =item Readline Support
982 =item Editor Support for Debugging
984 =item The Perl Profiler
988 =item Debugging regular expressions
990 =item Debugging memory usage
998 =head2 perlvar - Perl predefined variables
1006 =item Predefined Names
1008 $ARG, $_, $a, $b, $<I<digits>>, $MATCH, $&, $PREMATCH, $`, $POSTMATCH, $',
1009 $LAST_PAREN_MATCH, $+, $^N, @LAST_MATCH_END, @+, $MULTILINE_MATCHING, $*,
1010 HANDLE->input_line_number(EXPR), $INPUT_LINE_NUMBER, $NR, $,
1011 IO::Handle->input_record_separator(EXPR), $INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $RS, $/,
1012 HANDLE->autoflush(EXPR), $OUTPUT_AUTOFLUSH, $|,
1013 IO::Handle->output_field_separator EXPR, $OUTPUT_FIELD_SEPARATOR, $OFS, $,,
1014 IO::Handle->output_record_separator EXPR, $OUTPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $ORS,
1015 $\, $LIST_SEPARATOR, $", $SUBSCRIPT_SEPARATOR, $SUBSEP, $;, $OFMT, $#,
1016 HANDLE->format_page_number(EXPR), $FORMAT_PAGE_NUMBER, $%,
1017 HANDLE->format_lines_per_page(EXPR), $FORMAT_LINES_PER_PAGE, $=,
1018 HANDLE->format_lines_left(EXPR), $FORMAT_LINES_LEFT, $-, @LAST_MATCH_START,
1019 @-, C<$`> is the same as C<substr($var, 0, $-[0])>, C<$&> is the same as
1020 C<substr($var, $-[0], $+[0] - $-[0])>, C<$'> is the same as C<substr($var,
1021 $+[0])>, C<$1> is the same as C<substr($var, $-[1], $+[1] - $-[1])>, C<$2>
1022 is the same as C<substr($var, $-[2], $+[2] - $-[2])>, C<$3> is the same as
1023 C<substr $var, $-[3], $+[3] - $-[3])>, HANDLE->format_name(EXPR),
1024 $FORMAT_NAME, $~, HANDLE->format_top_name(EXPR), $FORMAT_TOP_NAME, $^,
1025 IO::Handle->format_line_break_characters EXPR,
1026 $FORMAT_LINE_BREAK_CHARACTERS, $:, IO::Handle->format_formfeed EXPR,
1027 $FORMAT_FORMFEED, $^L, $ACCUMULATOR, $^A, $CHILD_ERROR, $?, ${^ENCODING},
1028 $OS_ERROR, $ERRNO, $!, %!, $EXTENDED_OS_ERROR, $^E, $EVAL_ERROR, $@,
1029 $PROCESS_ID, $PID, $$, $REAL_USER_ID, $UID, $<, $EFFECTIVE_USER_ID, $EUID,
1030 $>, $REAL_GROUP_ID, $GID, $(, $EFFECTIVE_GROUP_ID, $EGID, $),
1031 $PROGRAM_NAME, $0, $[, $], $COMPILING, $^C, $DEBUGGING, $^D,
1032 $SYSTEM_FD_MAX, $^F, $^H, %^H, $INPLACE_EDIT, $^I, $^M, $OSNAME, $^O,
1033 ${^OPEN}, $PERLDB, $^P, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80,
1034 0x100, 0x200, $LAST_REGEXP_CODE_RESULT, $^R, $EXCEPTIONS_BEING_CAUGHT, $^S,
1035 $BASETIME, $^T, ${^TAINT}, $PERL_VERSION, $^V, $WARNING, $^W,
1036 ${^WARNING_BITS}, ${^WIDE_SYSTEM_CALLS}, $EXECUTABLE_NAME, $^X, ARGV,
1037 $ARGV, @ARGV, @F, @INC, @_, %INC, %ENV, $ENV{expr}, %SIG, $SIG{expr}
1039 =item Error Indicators
1041 =item Technical Note on the Syntax of Variable Names
1049 =head2 perllol - Manipulating Arrays of Arrays in Perl
1057 =item Declaration and Access of Arrays of Arrays
1059 =item Growing Your Own
1061 =item Access and Printing
1073 =head2 perlopentut - tutorial on opening things in Perl
1079 =item Open E<agrave> la shell
1087 =item The Minus File
1089 =item Mixing Reads and Writes
1095 =item Open E<agrave> la C
1099 =item Permissions E<agrave> la mode
1103 =item Obscure Open Tricks
1107 =item Re-Opening Files (dups)
1109 =item Dispelling the Dweomer
1111 =item Paths as Opens
1113 =item Single Argument Open
1115 =item Playing with STDIN and STDOUT
1119 =item Other I/O Issues
1123 =item Opening Non-File Files
1133 =item AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT
1139 =head2 perlpacktut - tutorial on C<pack> and C<unpack>
1145 =item The Basic Principle
1149 =item Packing Numbers
1155 =item Unpacking a Stack Frame
1157 =item How to Eat an Egg on a Net
1159 =item Floating point Numbers
1163 =item Exotic Templates
1175 =item Another Portable Binary Encoding
1179 =item Lengths and Widths
1183 =item String Lengths
1185 =item Dynamic Templates
1189 =item Packing and Unpacking C Structures
1193 =item The Alignment Pit
1195 =item Alignment, Take 2
1197 =item Alignment, Take 3
1199 =item Pointers for How to Use Them
1205 =item Funnies Section
1211 =head2 perlretut - Perl regular expressions tutorial
1217 =item Part 1: The basics
1221 =item Simple word matching
1223 =item Using character classes
1225 =item Matching this or that
1227 =item Grouping things and hierarchical matching
1229 =item Extracting matches
1231 =item Matching repetitions
1233 =item Building a regexp
1235 =item Using regular expressions in Perl
1239 =item Part 2: Power tools
1243 =item More on characters, strings, and character classes
1245 =item Compiling and saving regular expressions
1247 =item Embedding comments and modifiers in a regular expression
1249 =item Non-capturing groupings
1251 =item Looking ahead and looking behind
1253 =item Using independent subexpressions to prevent backtracking
1255 =item Conditional expressions
1257 =item A bit of magic: executing Perl code in a regular expression
1259 =item Pragmas and debugging
1267 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1271 =item Acknowledgments
1277 =head2 perlre - Perl regular expressions
1287 =item Regular Expressions
1289 [1], [2], [3], cntrl, graph, print, punct, xdigit
1291 =item Extended Patterns
1293 C<(?#text)>, C<(?imsx-imsx)>, C<(?:pattern)>, C<(?imsx-imsx:pattern)>,
1294 C<(?=pattern)>, C<(?!pattern)>, C<(?<=pattern)>, C<(?<!pattern)>, C<(?{
1295 code })>, C<(??{ code })>, C<< (?>pattern) >>,
1296 C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)>, C<(?(condition)yes-pattern)>
1300 =item Version 8 Regular Expressions
1302 =item Warning on \1 vs $1
1304 =item Repeated patterns matching zero-length substring
1306 =item Combining pieces together
1308 C<ST>, C<S|T>, C<S{REPEAT_COUNT}>, C<S{min,max}>, C<S{min,max}?>, C<S?>,
1309 C<S*>, C<S+>, C<S??>, C<S*?>, C<S+?>, C<< (?>S) >>, C<(?=S)>, C<(?<=S)>,
1310 C<(?!S)>, C<(?<!S)>, C<(??{ EXPR })>,
1311 C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)>
1313 =item Creating custom RE engines
1323 =head2 perlref - Perl references and nested data structures
1333 =item Making References
1335 =item Using References
1337 =item Symbolic references
1339 =item Not-so-symbolic references
1341 =item Pseudo-hashes: Using an array as a hash
1343 =item Function Templates
1353 =head2 perlform - Perl formats
1361 =item Format Variables
1371 =item Accessing Formatting Internals
1379 =head2 perlboot - Beginner's Object-Oriented Tutorial
1387 =item If we could talk to the animals...
1389 =item Introducing the method invocation arrow
1391 =item Invoking a barnyard
1393 =item The extra parameter of method invocation
1395 =item Calling a second method to simplify things
1397 =item Inheriting the windpipes
1399 =item A few notes about @ISA
1401 =item Overriding the methods
1403 =item Starting the search from a different place
1405 =item The SUPER way of doing things
1407 =item Where we're at so far...
1409 =item A horse is a horse, of course of course -- or is it?
1411 =item Invoking an instance method
1413 =item Accessing the instance data
1415 =item How to build a horse
1417 =item Inheriting the constructor
1419 =item Making a method work with either classes or instances
1421 =item Adding parameters to a method
1423 =item More interesting instances
1425 =item A horse of a different color
1437 =head2 perltoot - Tom's object-oriented tutorial for perl
1443 =item Creating a Class
1447 =item Object Representation
1449 =item Class Interface
1451 =item Constructors and Instance Methods
1453 =item Planning for the Future: Better Constructors
1457 =item Other Object Methods
1465 =item Accessing Class Data
1467 =item Debugging Methods
1469 =item Class Destructors
1471 =item Documenting the Interface
1481 =item Overridden Methods
1483 =item Multiple Inheritance
1485 =item UNIVERSAL: The Root of All Objects
1489 =item Alternate Object Representations
1493 =item Arrays as Objects
1495 =item Closures as Objects
1499 =item AUTOLOAD: Proxy Methods
1503 =item Autoloaded Data Methods
1505 =item Inherited Autoloaded Data Methods
1509 =item Metaclassical Tools
1515 =item Data Members as Variables
1523 =item Object Terminology
1529 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1535 =item Acknowledgments
1541 =head2 perltooc - Tom's OO Tutorial for Class Data in Perl
1547 =item Class Data in a Can
1549 =item Class Data as Package Variables
1553 =item Putting All Your Eggs in One Basket
1555 =item Inheritance Concerns
1557 =item The Eponymous Meta-Object
1559 =item Indirect References to Class Data
1561 =item Monadic Classes
1563 =item Translucent Attributes
1567 =item Class Data as Lexical Variables
1571 =item Privacy and Responsibility
1573 =item File-Scoped Lexicals
1575 =item More Inheritance Concerns
1577 =item Locking the Door and Throwing Away the Key
1579 =item Translucency Revisited
1587 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1589 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
1595 =head2 perlobj - Perl objects
1603 =item An Object is Simply a Reference
1605 =item A Class is Simply a Package
1607 =item A Method is Simply a Subroutine
1609 =item Method Invocation
1611 =item Indirect Object Syntax
1613 =item Default UNIVERSAL methods
1615 isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] )
1621 =item Two-Phased Garbage Collection
1629 =head2 perlbot - Bag'o Object Tricks (the BOT)
1635 =item OO SCALING TIPS
1637 =item INSTANCE VARIABLES
1639 =item SCALAR INSTANCE VARIABLES
1641 =item INSTANCE VARIABLE INHERITANCE
1643 =item OBJECT RELATIONSHIPS
1645 =item OVERRIDING SUPERCLASS METHODS
1647 =item USING RELATIONSHIP WITH SDBM
1649 =item THINKING OF CODE REUSE
1651 =item CLASS CONTEXT AND THE OBJECT
1653 =item INHERITING A CONSTRUCTOR
1659 =head2 perltie - how to hide an object class in a simple variable
1671 TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, UNTIE this,
1676 TIEARRAY classname, LIST, FETCH this, index, STORE this, index, value,
1677 FETCHSIZE this, STORESIZE this, count, EXTEND this, count, EXISTS this,
1678 key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, PUSH this, LIST, POP this, SHIFT this,
1679 UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST, UNTIE this, DESTROY
1684 USER, HOME, CLOBBER, LIST, TIEHASH classname, LIST, FETCH this, key, STORE
1685 this, key, value, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, EXISTS this, key, FIRSTKEY
1686 this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, UNTIE this, DESTROY this
1688 =item Tying FileHandles
1690 TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, WRITE this, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this,
1691 LIST, READ this, LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, CLOSE this, UNTIE this,
1696 =item The C<untie> Gotcha
1708 =head2 perlipc - Perl interprocess communication (signals, fifos, pipes,
1709 safe subprocesses, sockets, and semaphores)
1725 =item Using open() for IPC
1731 =item Background Processes
1733 =item Complete Dissociation of Child from Parent
1735 =item Safe Pipe Opens
1737 =item Bidirectional Communication with Another Process
1739 =item Bidirectional Communication with Yourself
1743 =item Sockets: Client/Server Communication
1747 =item Internet Line Terminators
1749 =item Internet TCP Clients and Servers
1751 =item Unix-Domain TCP Clients and Servers
1755 =item TCP Clients with IO::Socket
1759 =item A Simple Client
1761 C<Proto>, C<PeerAddr>, C<PeerPort>
1763 =item A Webget Client
1765 =item Interactive Client with IO::Socket
1769 =item TCP Servers with IO::Socket
1771 Proto, LocalPort, Listen, Reuse
1773 =item UDP: Message Passing
1787 =head2 perlfork - Perl's fork() emulation (EXPERIMENTAL, subject to change)
1797 =item Behavior of other Perl features in forked pseudo-processes
1799 $$ or $PROCESS_ID, %ENV, chdir() and all other builtins that accept
1800 filenames, wait() and waitpid(), kill(), exec(), exit(), Open handles to
1801 files, directories and network sockets
1803 =item Resource limits
1805 =item Killing the parent process
1807 =item Lifetime of the parent process and pseudo-processes
1809 =item CAVEATS AND LIMITATIONS
1811 BEGIN blocks, Open filehandles, Forking pipe open() not yet implemented,
1812 Global state maintained by XSUBs, Interpreter embedded in larger
1813 application, Thread-safety of extensions
1825 =head2 perlnumber - semantics of numbers and numeric operations in Perl
1833 =item Storing numbers
1835 =item Numeric operators and numeric conversions
1837 =item Flavors of Perl numeric operations
1839 Arithmetic operators except, C<no integer>, Arithmetic operators except,
1840 C<use integer>, Bitwise operators, C<no integer>, Bitwise operators, C<use
1841 integer>, Operators which expect an integer, Operators which expect a
1850 =head2 perlthrtut - tutorial on threads in Perl
1858 =head2 perlothrtut - old tutorial on threads in Perl
1864 =item What Is A Thread Anyway?
1866 =item Threaded Program Models
1878 =item Native threads
1880 =item What kind of threads are perl threads?
1882 =item Threadsafe Modules
1888 =item Basic Thread Support
1890 =item Creating Threads
1892 =item Giving up control
1894 =item Waiting For A Thread To Exit
1896 =item Errors In Threads
1898 =item Ignoring A Thread
1902 =item Threads And Data
1906 =item Shared And Unshared Data
1908 =item Thread Pitfall: Races
1910 =item Controlling access: lock()
1912 =item Thread Pitfall: Deadlocks
1914 =item Queues: Passing Data Around
1918 =item Threads And Code
1922 =item Semaphores: Synchronizing Data Access
1924 Basic semaphores, Advanced Semaphores
1926 =item Attributes: Restricting Access To Subroutines
1928 =item Subroutine Locks
1932 =item Locking A Subroutine
1936 =item General Thread Utility Routines
1940 =item What Thread Am I In?
1944 =item Are These Threads The Same?
1946 =item What Threads Are Running?
1950 =item A Complete Example
1958 =item Introductory Texts
1960 =item OS-Related References
1962 =item Other References
1966 =item Acknowledgements
1974 =head2 perlport - Writing portable Perl
1980 Not all Perl programs have to be portable, Nearly all of Perl already I<is>
1989 =item Numbers endianness and Width
1991 =item Files and Filesystems
1993 =item System Interaction
1995 =item Interprocess Communication (IPC)
1997 =item External Subroutines (XS)
1999 =item Standard Modules
2003 =item Character sets and character encoding
2005 =item Internationalisation
2007 =item System Resources
2017 Mailing list: cpan-testers@perl.org, Testing results:
2018 http://testers.cpan.org/
2026 =item DOS and Derivatives
2034 =item EBCDIC Platforms
2042 =item FUNCTION IMPLEMENTATIONS
2046 =item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions
2048 -I<X> FILEHANDLE, -I<X> EXPR, -I<X>, alarm SECONDS, alarm, binmode
2049 FILEHANDLE, chmod LIST, chown LIST, chroot FILENAME, chroot, crypt
2050 PLAINTEXT,SALT, dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MODE, dump LABEL, exec
2051 LIST, exit EXPR, exit, fcntl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, flock
2052 FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, fork, getlogin, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority
2053 WHICH,WHO, getpwnam NAME, getgrnam NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getpwuid UID,
2054 getgrgid GID, getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER,
2055 getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent, gethostent, getnetent,
2056 getprotoent, getservent, setpwent, setgrent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent
2057 STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent,
2058 endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent, endservent, getsockopt
2059 SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, glob, ioctl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR,
2060 kill SIGNAL, LIST, link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, lstat FILEHANDLE, lstat EXPR,
2061 lstat, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget KEY,FLAGS, msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS, msgrcv
2062 ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE, pipe
2063 READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, readlink EXPR, readlink, select
2064 RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, semctl ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget
2065 KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, setgrent, setpgrp PID,PGRP,
2066 setpriority WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setpwent, setsockopt
2067 SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS,
2068 shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE, shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, sockatmark SOCKET,
2069 socketpair SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, stat FILEHANDLE, stat
2070 EXPR, stat, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen
2071 FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, system LIST, times, truncate
2072 FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, umask EXPR, umask, utime LIST,
2073 wait, waitpid PID,FLAGS
2079 v1.48, 02 February 2001, v1.47, 22 March 2000, v1.46, 12 February 2000,
2080 v1.45, 20 December 1999, v1.44, 19 July 1999, v1.43, 24 May 1999, v1.42, 22
2081 May 1999, v1.41, 19 May 1999, v1.40, 11 April 1999, v1.39, 11 February
2082 1999, v1.38, 31 December 1998, v1.37, 19 December 1998, v1.36, 9 September
2083 1998, v1.35, 13 August 1998, v1.33, 06 August 1998, v1.32, 05 August 1998,
2084 v1.30, 03 August 1998, v1.23, 10 July 1998
2086 =item Supported Platforms
2090 =item AUTHORS / CONTRIBUTORS
2094 =head2 perllocale - Perl locale handling (internationalization and
2101 =item PREPARING TO USE LOCALES
2107 =item The use locale pragma
2109 =item The setlocale function
2111 =item Finding locales
2113 =item LOCALE PROBLEMS
2115 =item Temporarily fixing locale problems
2117 =item Permanently fixing locale problems
2119 =item Permanently fixing your system's locale configuration
2121 =item Fixing system locale configuration
2123 =item The localeconv function
2125 =item I18N::Langinfo
2129 =item LOCALE CATEGORIES
2133 =item Category LC_COLLATE: Collation
2135 =item Category LC_CTYPE: Character Types
2137 =item Category LC_NUMERIC: Numeric Formatting
2139 =item Category LC_MONETARY: Formatting of monetary amounts
2143 =item Other categories
2151 PERL_BADLANG, LC_ALL, LANGUAGE, LC_CTYPE, LC_COLLATE, LC_MONETARY,
2152 LC_NUMERIC, LC_TIME, LANG
2158 =item Backward compatibility
2160 =item I18N:Collate obsolete
2162 =item Sort speed and memory use impacts
2164 =item write() and LC_NUMERIC
2166 =item Freely available locale definitions
2170 =item An imperfect standard
2174 =item Unicode and UTF-8
2180 =item Broken systems
2190 =head2 perluniintro - Perl Unicode introduction
2200 =item Perl's Unicode Support
2202 =item Perl's Unicode Model
2204 =item Unicode and EBCDIC
2206 =item Creating Unicode
2208 =item Handling Unicode
2210 =item Legacy Encodings
2214 =item Displaying Unicode As Text
2218 =item Advanced Topics
2222 =item Questions With Answers
2226 =item Hexadecimal Notation
2228 =item Further Resources
2232 =item UNICODE IN OLDER PERLS
2236 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
2238 =item AUTHOR, COPYRIGHT, AND LICENSE
2242 =head2 perlunicode - Unicode support in Perl
2250 =item Important Caveats
2252 Input and Output Disciplines, Regular Expressions, C<use utf8> still needed
2253 to enable UTF-8/UTF-EBCDIC in scripts
2255 =item Byte and Character semantics
2257 =item Effects of character semantics
2263 =item Character encodings for input and output
2265 =item Unicode Regular Expression Support Level
2267 =item Unicode Encodings
2269 =item Security Implications of Unicode
2271 =item Unicode in Perl on EBCDIC
2275 =item Using Unicode in XS
2283 =item Interaction with locales
2285 =item Interaction with extensions
2295 =head2 perlebcdic - Considerations for running Perl on EBCDIC platforms
2301 =item COMMON CHARACTER CODE SETS
2309 =item Latin 1 (ISO 8859-1)
2313 =item 13 variant characters
2321 =item Unicode code points versus EBCDIC code points
2323 =item Remaining Perl Unicode problems in EBCDIC
2325 =item Unicode and UTF
2331 =item SINGLE OCTET TABLES
2333 recipe 0, recipe 1, recipe 2, recipe 3, recipe 4, recipe 5, recipe 6
2335 =item IDENTIFYING CHARACTER CODE SETS
2349 =item OPERATOR DIFFERENCES
2351 =item FUNCTION DIFFERENCES
2353 chr(), ord(), pack(), print(), printf(), sort(), sprintf(), unpack()
2355 =item REGULAR EXPRESSION DIFFERENCES
2363 =item Ignore ASCII vs. EBCDIC sort differences.
2365 =item MONO CASE then sort data.
2367 =item Convert, sort data, then re convert.
2369 =item Perform sorting on one type of machine only.
2373 =item TRANSFORMATION FORMATS
2377 =item URL decoding and encoding
2379 =item uu encoding and decoding
2381 =item Quoted-Printable encoding and decoding
2383 =item Caesarian ciphers
2387 =item Hashing order and checksums
2391 =item MULTI OCTET CHARACTER SETS
2403 chcp, dataset access, OS/390, z/OS iconv, locales
2423 =head2 perlsec - Perl security
2431 =item Laundering and Detecting Tainted Data
2433 =item Switches On the "#!" Line
2435 =item Cleaning Up Your Path
2439 =item Protecting Your Programs
2449 =head2 perlmod - Perl modules (packages and symbol tables)
2461 =item Package Constructors and Destructors
2467 =item Making your module threadsafe
2475 =head2 perlmodinstall - Installing CPAN Modules
2485 B<DECOMPRESS> the file, B<UNPACK> the file into a directory, B<BUILD> the
2486 module (sometimes unnecessary), B<INSTALL> the module
2500 =head2 perlmodlib - constructing new Perl modules and finding existing ones
2506 =item THE PERL MODULE LIBRARY
2510 =item Pragmatic Modules
2512 attributes, autouse, base, bigint, bignum, bigrat, blib, bytes, charnames,
2513 constant, diagnostics, encoding, fields, filetest, if, integer, less,
2514 locale, open, overload, re, sigtrap, sort, strict, subs, utf8, vars,
2515 vmsish, warnings, warnings::register
2517 =item Standard Modules
2519 AnyDBM_File, Attribute::Handlers, AutoLoader, AutoSplit, Benchmark, CGI,
2520 CGI::Apache, CGI::Carp, CGI::Cookie, CGI::Fast, CGI::Pretty, CGI::Push,
2521 CGI::Switch, CGI::Util, CPAN, CPAN::FirstTime, CPAN::Nox, Carp,
2522 Carp::Heavy, Class::ISA, Class::Struct, Cwd, DB, Devel::SelfStubber,
2523 Digest, DirHandle, Dumpvalue, English, Env, Exporter, Exporter::Heavy,
2524 ExtUtils::Command, ExtUtils::Constant, ExtUtils::Embed, ExtUtils::Install,
2525 ExtUtils::Installed, ExtUtils::Liblist, ExtUtils::MM_BeOS,
2526 ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin, ExtUtils::MM_NW5, ExtUtils::MM_OS2, ExtUtils::MM_Unix,
2527 ExtUtils::MM_VMS, ExtUtils::MM_Win32, ExtUtils::MakeMaker,
2528 ExtUtils::Manifest, ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap, ExtUtils::Mksymlists,
2529 ExtUtils::Packlist, ExtUtils::testlib, Fatal, File::Basename,
2530 File::CheckTree, File::Compare, File::Copy, File::DosGlob, File::Find,
2531 File::Path, File::Spec, File::Spec::Cygwin, File::Spec::Epoc,
2532 File::Spec::Functions, File::Spec::Mac, File::Spec::OS2, File::Spec::Unix,
2533 File::Spec::VMS, File::Spec::Win32, File::Temp, File::stat, FileCache,
2534 FileHandle, Filter::Simple, FindBin, Getopt::Long, Getopt::Std, Hash::Util,
2535 I18N::Collate, I18N::LangTags, I18N::LangTags::List, IPC::Open2,
2536 IPC::Open3, Locale::Constants, Locale::Country, Locale::Currency,
2537 Locale::Language, Locale::Maketext, Locale::Maketext::TPJ13,
2538 Locale::Script, Math::BigFloat, Math::BigInt, Math::BigInt::Calc,
2539 Math::BigRat, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Memoize, Memoize::AnyDBM_File,
2540 Memoize::Expire, Memoize::ExpireFile, Memoize::ExpireTest,
2541 Memoize::NDBM_File, Memoize::SDBM_File, Memoize::Storable, NEXT, Net::Cmd,
2542 Net::Config, Net::Domain, Net::FTP, Net::NNTP, Net::Netrc, Net::POP3,
2543 Net::Ping, Net::SMTP, Net::Time, Net::hostent, Net::libnetFAQ, Net::netent,
2544 Net::protoent, Net::servent, PerlIO, Pod::Checker, Pod::Find,
2545 Pod::Functions, Pod::Html, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::LaTeX, Pod::Man,
2546 Pod::ParseLink, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Parser, Pod::Plainer, Pod::Select,
2547 Pod::Text, Pod::Text::Color, Pod::Text::Overstrike, Pod::Text::Termcap,
2548 Pod::Usage, Pod::t::basic, Search::Dict, SelectSaver, SelfLoader, Shell,
2549 Switch, Symbol, Term::ANSIColor, Term::Cap, Term::Complete, Term::ReadLine,
2550 Test, Test::Builder, Test::Harness, Test::Harness::Assert,
2551 Test::Harness::Iterator, Test::Harness::Straps, Test::More, Test::Simple,
2552 Test::Tutorial, Text::Abbrev, Text::Balanced, Text::ParseWords,
2553 Text::Soundex, Text::Tabs, Text::Wrap, Thread, Tie::Array, Tie::File,
2554 Tie::Handle, Tie::Hash, Tie::Memoize, Tie::RefHash, Tie::Scalar,
2555 Tie::SubstrHash, Time::Local, Time::gmtime, Time::localtime, Time::tm,
2556 UNIVERSAL, Unicode::Collate, Unicode::UCD, User::grent, User::pwent, Win32
2558 =item Extension Modules
2570 =item Central America
2582 =item Modules: Creation, Use, and Abuse
2586 =item Guidelines for Module Creation
2588 =item Guidelines for Converting Perl 4 Library Scripts into Modules
2590 =item Guidelines for Reusing Application Code
2598 =head2 perlmodstyle - Perl module style guide
2604 =item QUICK CHECKLIST
2608 =item Before you start
2616 =item Release considerations
2620 =item BEFORE YOU START WRITING A MODULE
2624 =item Has it been done before?
2626 =item Do one thing and do it well
2628 =item What's in a name?
2632 =item DESIGNING AND WRITING YOUR MODULE
2636 =item To OO or not to OO?
2638 =item Designing your API
2640 Write simple routines to do simple things, Separate functionality from
2641 output, Provide sensible shortcuts and defaults, Naming conventions,
2644 =item Strictness and warnings
2646 =item Backwards compatibility
2648 =item Error handling and messages
2652 =item DOCUMENTING YOUR MODULE
2658 =item README, INSTALL, release notes, changelogs
2662 =item RELEASE CONSIDERATIONS
2666 =item Version numbering
2668 =item Pre-requisites
2678 =item COMMON PITFALLS
2682 =item Reinventing the wheel
2684 =item Trying to do too much
2686 =item Inappropriate documentation
2692 L<perlstyle>, L<perlnewmod>, L<perlpod>, L<podchecker>, Testing tools,
2693 http://pause.perl.org/, Any good book on software engineering
2699 =head2 perlnewmod - preparing a new module for distribution
2709 =item What should I make into a module?
2711 =item Step-by-step: Preparing the ground
2713 Look around, Check it's new, Discuss the need, Choose a name, Check again
2715 =item Step-by-step: Making the module
2717 Start with F<h2xs>, Use L<strict|strict> and L<warnings|warnings>, Use
2718 L<Carp|Carp>, Use L<Exporter|Exporter> - wisely!, Use L<plain old
2719 documentation|perlpod>, Write tests, Write the README
2721 =item Step-by-step: Distributing your module
2723 Get a CPAN user ID, C<perl Makefile.PL; make test; make dist>, Upload the
2724 tarball, Announce to the modules list, Announce to clpa, Fix bugs!
2734 =head2 perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl ($Revision: 1.8 $, $Date:
2735 2002/04/07 18:46:13 $)
2745 =item Who supports Perl? Who develops it? Why is it free?
2747 =item Which version of Perl should I use?
2749 =item What are perl4 and perl5?
2751 =item What is perl6?
2753 =item How stable is Perl?
2755 =item Is Perl difficult to learn?
2757 =item How does Perl compare with other languages like Java, Python, REXX,
2760 =item Can I do [task] in Perl?
2762 =item When shouldn't I program in Perl?
2764 =item What's the difference between "perl" and "Perl"?
2766 =item Is it a Perl program or a Perl script?
2768 =item What is a JAPH?
2770 =item Where can I get a list of Larry Wall witticisms?
2772 =item How can I convince my sysadmin/supervisor/employees to use version
2773 5/5.6.1/Perl instead of some other language?
2777 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
2781 =head2 perlfaq2 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl ($Revision: 1.12 $,
2782 $Date: 2002/04/09 17:16:05 $)
2790 =item What machines support Perl? Where do I get it?
2792 =item How can I get a binary version of Perl?
2794 =item I don't have a C compiler on my system. How can I compile perl?
2796 =item I copied the Perl binary from one machine to another, but scripts
2799 =item I grabbed the sources and tried to compile but gdbm/dynamic
2800 loading/malloc/linking/... failed. How do I make it work?
2802 =item What modules and extensions are available for Perl? What is CPAN?
2803 What does CPAN/src/... mean?
2805 =item Is there an ISO or ANSI certified version of Perl?
2807 =item Where can I get information on Perl?
2809 =item What are the Perl newsgroups on Usenet? Where do I post questions?
2811 =item Where should I post source code?
2815 References, Tutorials, Task-Oriented, Special Topics
2817 =item Perl in Magazines
2819 =item Perl on the Net: FTP and WWW Access
2821 =item What mailing lists are there for Perl?
2823 =item Archives of comp.lang.perl.misc
2825 =item Where can I buy a commercial version of Perl?
2827 =item Where do I send bug reports?
2829 =item What is perl.com? Perl Mongers? pm.org? perl.org? cpan.org?
2833 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
2837 =head2 perlfaq3 - Programming Tools ($Revision: 1.18 $, $Date: 2002/04/09
2846 =item How do I do (anything)?
2848 =item How can I use Perl interactively?
2850 =item Is there a Perl shell?
2852 =item How do I debug my Perl programs?
2854 =item How do I profile my Perl programs?
2856 =item How do I cross-reference my Perl programs?
2858 =item Is there a pretty-printer (formatter) for Perl?
2860 =item Is there a ctags for Perl?
2862 =item Is there an IDE or Windows Perl Editor?
2864 Komodo, The Object System, Open Perl IDE, PerlBuilder, visiPerl+,
2865 CodeMagicCD, GNU Emacs, MicroEMACS, XEmacs, Elvis, Vile, Vim, Codewright,
2866 MultiEdit, SlickEdit, Bash, Ksh, Tcsh, Zsh, BBEdit and BBEdit Lite, Alpha
2868 =item Where can I get Perl macros for vi?
2870 =item Where can I get perl-mode for emacs?
2872 =item How can I use curses with Perl?
2874 =item How can I use X or Tk with Perl?
2876 =item How can I generate simple menus without using CGI or Tk?
2878 =item How can I make my Perl program run faster?
2880 =item How can I make my Perl program take less memory?
2882 Don't slurp!, Use map and grep selectively, Avoid unnecessary quotes and
2883 stringification, Pass by reference, Tie large variables to disk
2885 =item Is it unsafe to return a pointer to local data?
2887 =item How can I free an array or hash so my program shrinks?
2889 =item How can I make my CGI script more efficient?
2891 =item How can I hide the source for my Perl program?
2893 =item How can I compile my Perl program into byte code or C?
2895 =item How can I compile Perl into Java?
2897 =item How can I get C<#!perl> to work on [MS-DOS,NT,...]?
2899 =item Can I write useful Perl programs on the command line?
2901 =item Why don't Perl one-liners work on my DOS/Mac/VMS system?
2903 =item Where can I learn about CGI or Web programming in Perl?
2905 =item Where can I learn about object-oriented Perl programming?
2907 =item Where can I learn about linking C with Perl? [h2xs, xsubpp]
2909 =item I've read perlembed, perlguts, etc., but I can't embed perl in
2910 my C program; what am I doing wrong?
2912 =item When I tried to run my script, I got this message. What does it mean?
2914 =item What's MakeMaker?
2918 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
2922 =head2 perlfaq4 - Data Manipulation ($Revision: 1.20 $, $Date: 2002/04/07
2933 =item Why am I getting long decimals (eg, 19.9499999999999) instead of the
2934 numbers I should be getting (eg, 19.95)?
2936 =item Why isn't my octal data interpreted correctly?
2938 =item Does Perl have a round() function? What about ceil() and floor()?
2941 =item How do I convert between numeric representations?
2943 B<How do I convert Hexadecimal into decimal:>, B<How do I convert from
2944 decimal to hexadecimal:>, B<How do I convert from octal to decimal:>, B<How
2945 do I convert from decimal to octal:>, B<How do I convert from binary to
2946 decimal:>, B<How do I convert from decimal to binary:>
2948 =item Why doesn't & work the way I want it to?
2950 =item How do I multiply matrices?
2952 =item How do I perform an operation on a series of integers?
2954 =item How can I output Roman numerals?
2956 =item Why aren't my random numbers random?
2958 =item How do I get a random number between X and Y?
2966 =item How do I find the week-of-the-year/day-of-the-year?
2968 =item How do I find the current century or millennium?
2970 =item How can I compare two dates and find the difference?
2972 =item How can I take a string and turn it into epoch seconds?
2974 =item How can I find the Julian Day?
2976 =item How do I find yesterday's date?
2978 =item Does Perl have a Year 2000 problem? Is Perl Y2K compliant?
2986 =item How do I validate input?
2988 =item How do I unescape a string?
2990 =item How do I remove consecutive pairs of characters?
2992 =item How do I expand function calls in a string?
2994 =item How do I find matching/nesting anything?
2996 =item How do I reverse a string?
2998 =item How do I expand tabs in a string?
3000 =item How do I reformat a paragraph?
3002 =item How can I access/change the first N letters of a string?
3004 =item How do I change the Nth occurrence of something?
3006 =item How can I count the number of occurrences of a substring within a
3009 =item How do I capitalize all the words on one line?
3011 =item How can I split a [character] delimited string except when inside
3012 [character]? (Comma-separated files)
3014 =item How do I strip blank space from the beginning/end of a string?
3016 =item How do I pad a string with blanks or pad a number with zeroes?
3018 =item How do I extract selected columns from a string?
3020 =item How do I find the soundex value of a string?
3022 =item How can I expand variables in text strings?
3024 =item What's wrong with always quoting "$vars"?
3026 =item Why don't my <<HERE documents work?
3028 1. There must be no space after the << part, 2. There (probably) should be
3029 a semicolon at the end, 3. You can't (easily) have any space in front of
3038 =item What is the difference between a list and an array?
3040 =item What is the difference between $array[1] and @array[1]?
3042 =item How can I remove duplicate elements from a list or array?
3046 =item How can I tell whether a certain element is contained in a list or
3049 =item How do I compute the difference of two arrays? How do I compute the
3050 intersection of two arrays?
3052 =item How do I test whether two arrays or hashes are equal?
3054 =item How do I find the first array element for which a condition is true?
3056 =item How do I handle linked lists?
3058 =item How do I handle circular lists?
3060 =item How do I shuffle an array randomly?
3062 =item How do I process/modify each element of an array?
3064 =item How do I select a random element from an array?
3066 =item How do I permute N elements of a list?
3068 =item How do I sort an array by (anything)?
3070 =item How do I manipulate arrays of bits?
3072 =item Why does defined() return true on empty arrays and hashes?
3076 =item Data: Hashes (Associative Arrays)
3080 =item How do I process an entire hash?
3082 =item What happens if I add or remove keys from a hash while iterating over
3085 =item How do I look up a hash element by value?
3087 =item How can I know how many entries are in a hash?
3089 =item How do I sort a hash (optionally by value instead of key)?
3091 =item How can I always keep my hash sorted?
3093 =item What's the difference between "delete" and "undef" with hashes?
3095 =item Why don't my tied hashes make the defined/exists distinction?
3097 =item How do I reset an each() operation part-way through?
3099 =item How can I get the unique keys from two hashes?
3101 =item How can I store a multidimensional array in a DBM file?
3103 =item How can I make my hash remember the order I put elements into it?
3105 =item Why does passing a subroutine an undefined element in a hash create
3108 =item How can I make the Perl equivalent of a C structure/C++ class/hash or
3109 array of hashes or arrays?
3111 =item How can I use a reference as a hash key?
3119 =item How do I handle binary data correctly?
3121 =item How do I determine whether a scalar is a number/whole/integer/float?
3123 =item How do I keep persistent data across program calls?
3125 =item How do I print out or copy a recursive data structure?
3127 =item How do I define methods for every class/object?
3129 =item How do I verify a credit card checksum?
3131 =item How do I pack arrays of doubles or floats for XS code?
3135 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
3139 =head2 perlfaq5 - Files and Formats ($Revision: 1.15 $, $Date: 2002/04/12
3148 =item How do I flush/unbuffer an output filehandle? Why must I do this?
3150 =item How do I change one line in a file/delete a line in a file/insert a
3151 line in the middle of a file/append to the beginning of a file?
3153 =item How do I count the number of lines in a file?
3155 =item How do I make a temporary file name?
3157 =item How can I manipulate fixed-record-length files?
3159 =item How can I make a filehandle local to a subroutine? How do I pass
3160 filehandles between subroutines? How do I make an array of filehandles?
3162 =item How can I use a filehandle indirectly?
3164 =item How can I set up a footer format to be used with write()?
3166 =item How can I write() into a string?
3168 =item How can I output my numbers with commas added?
3170 =item How can I translate tildes (~) in a filename?
3172 =item How come when I open a file read-write it wipes it out?
3174 =item Why do I sometimes get an "Argument list too long" when I use <*>?
3176 =item Is there a leak/bug in glob()?
3178 =item How can I open a file with a leading ">" or trailing blanks?
3180 =item How can I reliably rename a file?
3182 =item How can I lock a file?
3184 =item Why can't I just open(FH, ">file.lock")?
3186 =item I still don't get locking. I just want to increment the number in
3187 the file. How can I do this?
3189 =item All I want to do is append a small amount of text to the end of a
3190 file. Do I still have to use locking?
3192 =item How do I randomly update a binary file?
3194 =item How do I get a file's timestamp in perl?
3196 =item How do I set a file's timestamp in perl?
3198 =item How do I print to more than one file at once?
3200 =item How can I read in an entire file all at once?
3202 =item How can I read in a file by paragraphs?
3204 =item How can I read a single character from a file? From the keyboard?
3206 =item How can I tell whether there's a character waiting on a filehandle?
3208 =item How do I do a C<tail -f> in perl?
3210 =item How do I dup() a filehandle in Perl?
3212 =item How do I close a file descriptor by number?
3214 =item Why can't I use "C:\temp\foo" in DOS paths? Why doesn't
3215 `C:\temp\foo.exe` work?
3217 =item Why doesn't glob("*.*") get all the files?
3219 =item Why does Perl let me delete read-only files? Why does C<-i> clobber
3220 protected files? Isn't this a bug in Perl?
3222 =item How do I select a random line from a file?
3224 =item Why do I get weird spaces when I print an array of lines?
3228 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
3232 =head2 perlfaq6 - Regular Expressions ($Revision: 1.10 $, $Date: 2002/04/07
3241 =item How can I hope to use regular expressions without creating illegible
3242 and unmaintainable code?
3244 Comments Outside the Regex, Comments Inside the Regex, Different Delimiters
3246 =item I'm having trouble matching over more than one line. What's wrong?
3248 =item How can I pull out lines between two patterns that are themselves on
3251 =item I put a regular expression into $/ but it didn't work. What's wrong?
3253 =item How do I substitute case insensitively on the LHS while preserving
3256 =item How can I make C<\w> match national character sets?
3258 =item How can I match a locale-smart version of C</[a-zA-Z]/>?
3260 =item How can I quote a variable to use in a regex?
3262 =item What is C</o> really for?
3264 =item How do I use a regular expression to strip C style comments from a
3267 =item Can I use Perl regular expressions to match balanced text?
3269 =item What does it mean that regexes are greedy? How can I get around it?
3271 =item How do I process each word on each line?
3273 =item How can I print out a word-frequency or line-frequency summary?
3275 =item How can I do approximate matching?
3277 =item How do I efficiently match many regular expressions at once?
3279 =item Why don't word-boundary searches with C<\b> work for me?
3281 =item Why does using $&, $`, or $' slow my program down?
3283 =item What good is C<\G> in a regular expression?
3285 =item Are Perl regexes DFAs or NFAs? Are they POSIX compliant?
3287 =item What's wrong with using grep or map in a void context?
3289 =item How can I match strings with multibyte characters?
3291 =item How do I match a pattern that is supplied by the user?
3295 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
3299 =head2 perlfaq7 - General Perl Language Issues ($Revision: 1.8 $, $Date:
3300 2002/03/26 15:48:32 $)
3308 =item Can I get a BNF/yacc/RE for the Perl language?
3310 =item What are all these $@%&* punctuation signs, and how do I know when to
3313 =item Do I always/never have to quote my strings or use semicolons and
3316 =item How do I skip some return values?
3318 =item How do I temporarily block warnings?
3320 =item What's an extension?
3322 =item Why do Perl operators have different precedence than C operators?
3324 =item How do I declare/create a structure?
3326 =item How do I create a module?
3328 =item How do I create a class?
3330 =item How can I tell if a variable is tainted?
3332 =item What's a closure?
3334 =item What is variable suicide and how can I prevent it?
3336 =item How can I pass/return a {Function, FileHandle, Array, Hash, Method,
3339 Passing Variables and Functions, Passing Filehandles, Passing Regexes,
3342 =item How do I create a static variable?
3344 =item What's the difference between dynamic and lexical (static) scoping?
3345 Between local() and my()?
3347 =item How can I access a dynamic variable while a similarly named lexical
3350 =item What's the difference between deep and shallow binding?
3352 =item Why doesn't "my($foo) = <FILE>;" work right?
3354 =item How do I redefine a builtin function, operator, or method?
3356 =item What's the difference between calling a function as &foo and foo()?
3358 =item How do I create a switch or case statement?
3360 =item How can I catch accesses to undefined variables/functions/methods?
3362 =item Why can't a method included in this same file be found?
3364 =item How can I find out my current package?
3366 =item How can I comment out a large block of perl code?
3368 =item How do I clear a package?
3370 =item How can I use a variable as a variable name?
3374 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
3378 =head2 perlfaq8 - System Interaction ($Revision: 1.6 $, $Date: 2002/01/28
3387 =item How do I find out which operating system I'm running under?
3389 =item How come exec() doesn't return?
3391 =item How do I do fancy stuff with the keyboard/screen/mouse?
3393 Keyboard, Screen, Mouse
3395 =item How do I print something out in color?
3397 =item How do I read just one key without waiting for a return key?
3399 =item How do I check whether input is ready on the keyboard?
3401 =item How do I clear the screen?
3403 =item How do I get the screen size?
3405 =item How do I ask the user for a password?
3407 =item How do I read and write the serial port?
3409 lockfiles, open mode, end of line, flushing output, non-blocking input
3411 =item How do I decode encrypted password files?
3413 =item How do I start a process in the background?
3415 STDIN, STDOUT, and STDERR are shared, Signals, Zombies
3417 =item How do I trap control characters/signals?
3419 =item How do I modify the shadow password file on a Unix system?
3421 =item How do I set the time and date?
3423 =item How can I sleep() or alarm() for under a second?
3425 =item How can I measure time under a second?
3427 =item How can I do an atexit() or setjmp()/longjmp()? (Exception handling)
3429 =item Why doesn't my sockets program work under System V (Solaris)? What
3430 does the error message "Protocol not supported" mean?
3432 =item How can I call my system's unique C functions from Perl?
3434 =item Where do I get the include files to do ioctl() or syscall()?
3436 =item Why do setuid perl scripts complain about kernel problems?
3438 =item How can I open a pipe both to and from a command?
3440 =item Why can't I get the output of a command with system()?
3442 =item How can I capture STDERR from an external command?
3444 =item Why doesn't open() return an error when a pipe open fails?
3446 =item What's wrong with using backticks in a void context?
3448 =item How can I call backticks without shell processing?
3450 =item Why can't my script read from STDIN after I gave it EOF (^D on Unix,
3453 =item How can I convert my shell script to perl?
3455 =item Can I use perl to run a telnet or ftp session?
3457 =item How can I write expect in Perl?
3459 =item Is there a way to hide perl's command line from programs such as
3462 =item I {changed directory, modified my environment} in a perl script. How
3463 come the change disappeared when I exited the script? How do I get my
3464 changes to be visible?
3468 =item How do I close a process's filehandle without waiting for it to
3471 =item How do I fork a daemon process?
3473 =item How do I find out if I'm running interactively or not?
3475 =item How do I timeout a slow event?
3477 =item How do I set CPU limits?
3479 =item How do I avoid zombies on a Unix system?
3481 =item How do I use an SQL database?
3483 =item How do I make a system() exit on control-C?
3485 =item How do I open a file without blocking?
3487 =item How do I install a module from CPAN?
3489 =item What's the difference between require and use?
3491 =item How do I keep my own module/library directory?
3493 =item How do I add the directory my program lives in to the module/library
3496 =item How do I add a directory to my include path at runtime?
3498 =item What is socket.ph and where do I get it?
3502 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
3506 =head2 perlfaq9 - Networking ($Revision: 1.9 $, $Date: 2002/04/07 18:46:13
3515 =item What is the correct form of response from a CGI script?
3517 =item My CGI script runs from the command line but not the browser. (500
3520 =item How can I get better error messages from a CGI program?
3522 =item How do I remove HTML from a string?
3524 =item How do I extract URLs?
3526 =item How do I download a file from the user's machine? How do I open a
3527 file on another machine?
3529 =item How do I make a pop-up menu in HTML?
3531 =item How do I fetch an HTML file?
3533 =item How do I automate an HTML form submission?
3535 =item How do I decode or create those %-encodings on the web?
3537 =item How do I redirect to another page?
3539 =item How do I put a password on my web pages?
3541 =item How do I edit my .htpasswd and .htgroup files with Perl?
3543 =item How do I make sure users can't enter values into a form that cause my
3544 CGI script to do bad things?
3546 =item How do I parse a mail header?
3548 =item How do I decode a CGI form?
3550 =item How do I check a valid mail address?
3552 =item How do I decode a MIME/BASE64 string?
3554 =item How do I return the user's mail address?
3556 =item How do I send mail?
3558 =item How do I use MIME to make an attachment to a mail message?
3560 =item How do I read mail?
3562 =item How do I find out my hostname/domainname/IP address?
3564 =item How do I fetch a news article or the active newsgroups?
3566 =item How do I fetch/put an FTP file?
3568 =item How can I do RPC in Perl?
3572 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
3576 =head2 perlcompile - Introduction to the Perl Compiler-Translator
3586 B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Lint, B::Deparse, B::Xref
3590 =item Using The Back Ends
3594 =item The Cross Referencing Back End
3598 =item The Decompiling Back End
3600 =item The Lint Back End
3602 =item The Simple C Back End
3604 =item The Bytecode Back End
3606 =item The Optimized C Back End
3610 =item Module List for the Compiler Suite
3612 B, O, B::Asmdata, B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC,
3613 B::Concise, B::Debug, B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex,
3614 B::Stackobj, B::Stash, B::Terse, B::Xref
3616 =item KNOWN PROBLEMS
3622 =head2 perlembed - how to embed perl in your C program
3632 B<Use C from Perl?>, B<Use a Unix program from Perl?>, B<Use Perl from
3633 Perl?>, B<Use C from C?>, B<Use Perl from C?>
3637 =item Compiling your C program
3639 =item Adding a Perl interpreter to your C program
3641 =item Calling a Perl subroutine from your C program
3643 =item Evaluating a Perl statement from your C program
3645 =item Performing Perl pattern matches and substitutions from your C program
3647 =item Fiddling with the Perl stack from your C program
3649 =item Maintaining a persistent interpreter
3651 =item Execution of END blocks
3653 =item Maintaining multiple interpreter instances
3655 =item Using Perl modules, which themselves use C libraries, from your C
3660 =item Embedding Perl under Win32
3670 =head2 perldebguts - Guts of Perl debugging
3676 =item Debugger Internals
3680 =item Writing Your Own Debugger
3684 =item Frame Listing Output Examples
3686 =item Debugging regular expressions
3690 =item Compile-time output
3692 C<anchored> I<STRING> C<at> I<POS>, C<floating> I<STRING> C<at>
3693 I<POS1..POS2>, C<matching floating/anchored>, C<minlen>, C<stclass>
3694 I<TYPE>, C<noscan>, C<isall>, C<GPOS>, C<plus>, C<implicit>, C<with eval>,
3697 =item Types of nodes
3699 =item Run-time output
3703 =item Debugging Perl memory usage
3707 =item Using C<$ENV{PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS}>
3709 C<buckets SMALLEST(APPROX)..GREATEST(APPROX)>, Free/Used, C<Total sbrk():
3710 SBRKed/SBRKs:CONTINUOUS>, C<pad: 0>, C<heads: 2192>, C<chain: 0>, C<tail:
3713 =item Example of using B<-DL> switch
3715 C<717>, C<002>, C<054>, C<602>, C<702>, C<704>
3717 =item B<-DL> details
3721 =item Limitations of B<-DL> statistics
3729 =head2 perlxstut, perlXStut - Tutorial for writing XSUBs
3741 =item Version caveat
3743 =item Dynamic Loading versus Static Loading
3755 =item What has gone on?
3757 =item Writing good test scripts
3761 =item What's new here?
3763 =item Input and Output Parameters
3765 =item The XSUBPP Program
3767 =item The TYPEMAP file
3769 =item Warning about Output Arguments
3773 =item What has happened here?
3775 =item Anatomy of .xs file
3777 =item Getting the fat out of XSUBs
3779 =item More about XSUB arguments
3781 =item The Argument Stack
3783 =item Extending your Extension
3785 =item Documenting your Extension
3787 =item Installing your Extension
3791 =item New Things in this Example
3795 =item New Things in this Example
3797 =item EXAMPLE 7 (Coming Soon)
3799 =item EXAMPLE 8 (Coming Soon)
3801 =item EXAMPLE 9 (Coming Soon)
3803 =item Troubleshooting these Examples
3819 =head2 perlxs - XS language reference manual
3831 =item The Anatomy of an XSUB
3833 =item The Argument Stack
3835 =item The RETVAL Variable
3837 =item The MODULE Keyword
3839 =item The PACKAGE Keyword
3841 =item The PREFIX Keyword
3843 =item The OUTPUT: Keyword
3845 =item The NO_OUTPUT Keyword
3847 =item The CODE: Keyword
3849 =item The INIT: Keyword
3851 =item The NO_INIT Keyword
3853 =item Initializing Function Parameters
3855 =item Default Parameter Values
3857 =item The PREINIT: Keyword
3859 =item The SCOPE: Keyword
3861 =item The INPUT: Keyword
3863 =item The IN/OUTLIST/IN_OUTLIST/OUT/IN_OUT Keywords
3865 =item The C<length(NAME)> Keyword
3867 =item Variable-length Parameter Lists
3869 =item The C_ARGS: Keyword
3871 =item The PPCODE: Keyword
3873 =item Returning Undef And Empty Lists
3875 =item The REQUIRE: Keyword
3877 =item The CLEANUP: Keyword
3879 =item The POSTCALL: Keyword
3881 =item The BOOT: Keyword
3883 =item The VERSIONCHECK: Keyword
3885 =item The PROTOTYPES: Keyword
3887 =item The PROTOTYPE: Keyword
3889 =item The ALIAS: Keyword
3891 =item The OVERLOAD: Keyword
3893 =item The INTERFACE: Keyword
3895 =item The INTERFACE_MACRO: Keyword
3897 =item The INCLUDE: Keyword
3899 =item The CASE: Keyword
3901 =item The & Unary Operator
3903 =item Inserting POD, Comments and C Preprocessor Directives
3905 =item Using XS With C++
3907 =item Interface Strategy
3909 =item Perl Objects And C Structures
3913 =item Safely Storing Static Data in XS
3915 MY_CXT_KEY, typedef my_cxt_t, START_MY_CXT, MY_CXT_INIT, dMY_CXT, MY_CXT
3927 =head2 perlclib - Internal replacements for standard C library functions
3937 C<t>, C<p>, C<n>, C<s>
3939 =item File Operations
3941 =item File Input and Output
3943 =item File Positioning
3945 =item Memory Management and String Handling
3947 =item Character Class Tests
3949 =item F<stdlib.h> functions
3951 =item Miscellaneous functions
3959 =head2 perlguts - Introduction to the Perl API
3971 =item What is an "IV"?
3973 =item Working with SVs
3977 =item What's Really Stored in an SV?
3979 =item Working with AVs
3981 =item Working with HVs
3983 =item Hash API Extensions
3987 =item Blessed References and Class Objects
3989 =item Creating New Variables
3991 GV_ADDMULTI, GV_ADDWARN
3993 =item Reference Counts and Mortality
3995 =item Stashes and Globs
3997 =item Double-Typed SVs
3999 =item Magic Variables
4001 =item Assigning Magic
4003 =item Magic Virtual Tables
4007 =item Understanding the Magic of Tied Hashes and Arrays
4009 =item Localizing changes
4011 C<SAVEINT(int i)>, C<SAVEIV(IV i)>, C<SAVEI32(I32 i)>, C<SAVELONG(long i)>,
4012 C<SAVESPTR(s)>, C<SAVEPPTR(p)>, C<SAVEFREESV(SV *sv)>, C<SAVEMORTALIZESV(SV
4013 *sv)>, C<SAVEFREEOP(OP *op)>, C<SAVEFREEPV(p)>, C<SAVECLEARSV(SV *sv)>,
4014 C<SAVEDELETE(HV *hv, char *key, I32 length)>,
4015 C<SAVEDESTRUCTOR(DESTRUCTORFUNC_NOCONTEXT_t f, void *p)>,
4016 C<SAVEDESTRUCTOR_X(DESTRUCTORFUNC_t f, void *p)>, C<SAVESTACK_POS()>, C<SV*
4017 save_scalar(GV *gv)>, C<AV* save_ary(GV *gv)>, C<HV* save_hash(GV *gv)>,
4018 C<void save_item(SV *item)>, C<void save_list(SV **sarg, I32 maxsarg)>,
4019 C<SV* save_svref(SV **sptr)>, C<void save_aptr(AV **aptr)>, C<void
4020 save_hptr(HV **hptr)>
4028 =item XSUBs and the Argument Stack
4030 =item Calling Perl Routines from within C Programs
4032 =item Memory Allocation
4036 =item Putting a C value on Perl stack
4040 =item Scratchpads and recursion
4050 =item Examining the tree
4052 =item Compile pass 1: check routines
4054 =item Compile pass 1a: constant folding
4056 =item Compile pass 2: context propagation
4058 =item Compile pass 3: peephole optimization
4060 =item Pluggable runops
4064 =item Examining internal data structures with the C<dump> functions
4066 =item How multiple interpreters and concurrency are supported
4070 =item Background and PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
4072 =item So what happened to dTHR?
4074 =item How do I use all this in extensions?
4076 =item Should I do anything special if I call perl from multiple threads?
4078 =item Future Plans and PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
4082 =item Internal Functions
4084 A, p, d, s, n, r, f, M, o, j, x
4088 =item Formatted Printing of IVs, UVs, and NVs
4090 =item Pointer-To-Integer and Integer-To-Pointer
4092 =item Source Documentation
4096 =item Unicode Support
4100 =item What B<is> Unicode, anyway?
4102 =item How can I recognise a UTF8 string?
4104 =item How does UTF8 represent Unicode characters?
4106 =item How does Perl store UTF8 strings?
4108 =item How do I convert a string to UTF8?
4110 =item Is there anything else I need to know?
4114 =item Custom Operators
4122 =head2 perlcall - Perl calling conventions from C
4128 An Error Handler, An Event Driven Program
4130 =item THE CALL_ FUNCTIONS
4132 call_sv, call_pv, call_method, call_argv
4152 =item Determining the Context
4156 =item KNOWN PROBLEMS
4162 =item No Parameters, Nothing returned
4164 =item Passing Parameters
4166 =item Returning a Scalar
4168 =item Returning a list of values
4170 =item Returning a list in a scalar context
4172 =item Returning Data from Perl via the parameter list
4176 =item Using G_KEEPERR
4180 =item Using call_argv
4182 =item Using call_method
4186 =item Using Perl to dispose of temporaries
4188 =item Strategies for storing Callback Context Information
4190 1. Ignore the problem - Allow only 1 callback, 2. Create a sequence of
4191 callbacks - hard wired limit, 3. Use a parameter to map to the Perl
4194 =item Alternate Stack Manipulation
4196 =item Creating and calling an anonymous subroutine in C
4208 =head2 perlutil - utilities packaged with the Perl distribution
4218 L<perldoc|perldoc>, L<pod2man|pod2man> and L<pod2text|pod2text>,
4219 L<pod2html|pod2html> and L<pod2latex|pod2latex>, L<pod2usage|pod2usage>,
4220 L<podselect|podselect>, L<podchecker|podchecker>, L<splain|splain>,
4221 L<roffitall|roffitall>
4225 L<a2p|a2p>, L<s2p|s2p>, L<find2perl|find2perl>
4227 =item Administration
4229 L<libnetcfg|libnetcfg>
4233 L<perlbug|perlbug>, L<h2ph|h2ph>, L<c2ph|c2ph> and L<pstruct|pstruct>,
4234 L<h2xs|h2xs>, L<dprofpp|dprofpp>, L<perlcc|perlcc>
4242 =head2 perlfilter - Source Filters
4252 =item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER
4254 =item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN C
4256 B<Decryption Filters>
4258 =item CREATING A SOURCE FILTER AS A SEPARATE EXECUTABLE
4260 =item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN PERL
4262 =item USING CONTEXT: THE DEBUG FILTER
4274 =head2 perldbmfilter - Perl DBM Filters
4282 B<filter_store_key>, B<filter_store_value>, B<filter_fetch_key>,
4283 B<filter_fetch_value>
4289 =item An Example -- the NULL termination problem.
4291 =item Another Example -- Key is a C int.
4301 =head2 perlapi - autogenerated documentation for the perl public API
4307 =item "Gimme" Values
4309 GIMME, GIMME_V, G_ARRAY, G_DISCARD, G_EVAL, G_NOARGS, G_SCALAR, G_VOID
4311 =item Array Manipulation Functions
4313 AvFILL, av_clear, av_delete, av_exists, av_extend, av_fetch, av_fill,
4314 av_len, av_make, av_pop, av_push, av_shift, av_store, av_undef, av_unshift,
4315 get_av, newAV, Nullav, sortsv
4317 =item Callback Functions
4319 call_argv, call_method, call_pv, call_sv, ENTER, eval_pv, eval_sv,
4320 FREETMPS, LEAVE, SAVETMPS
4322 =item Character classes
4324 isALNUM, isALPHA, isDIGIT, isLOWER, isSPACE, isUPPER, toLOWER, toUPPER
4326 =item Cloning an interpreter
4330 =item CV Manipulation Functions
4332 CvSTASH, get_cv, Nullcv
4334 =item Embedding Functions
4336 load_module, nothreadhook, perl_alloc, perl_construct, perl_destruct,
4337 perl_free, perl_parse, perl_run, require_pv
4339 =item Functions in file pp_pack.c
4341 pack_cat, unpack_str
4343 =item Global Variables
4345 PL_modglobal, PL_na, PL_sv_no, PL_sv_undef, PL_sv_yes
4349 GvSV, gv_fetchmeth, gv_fetchmethod, gv_fetchmethod_autoload,
4350 gv_fetchmeth_autoload, gv_stashpv, gv_stashsv
4354 HEf_SVKEY, Nullch, Nullsv
4356 =item Hash Manipulation Functions
4358 get_hv, HeHASH, HeKEY, HeKLEN, HePV, HeSVKEY, HeSVKEY_force, HeSVKEY_set,
4359 HeVAL, HvNAME, hv_clear, hv_delete, hv_delete_ent, hv_exists,
4360 hv_exists_ent, hv_fetch, hv_fetch_ent, hv_iterinit, hv_iterkey,
4361 hv_iterkeysv, hv_iternext, hv_iternextsv, hv_iterval, hv_magic, hv_store,
4362 hv_store_ent, hv_undef, newHV, Nullhv
4364 =item Magical Functions
4366 mg_clear, mg_copy, mg_find, mg_free, mg_get, mg_length, mg_magical, mg_set,
4367 SvGETMAGIC, SvLOCK, SvSETMAGIC, SvSetMagicSV, SvSetMagicSV_nosteal,
4368 SvSetSV, SvSetSV_nosteal, SvSHARE
4370 =item Memory Management
4372 Copy, Move, New, Newc, NEWSV, Newz, Renew, Renewc, Safefree, savepv,
4373 savepvn, savesharedpv, StructCopy, Zero
4375 =item Miscellaneous Functions
4377 fbm_compile, fbm_instr, form, getcwd_sv, strEQ, strGE, strGT, strLE, strLT,
4378 strNE, strnEQ, strnNE
4380 =item Numeric functions
4382 grok_bin, grok_hex, grok_number, grok_numeric_radix, grok_oct, scan_bin,
4385 =item Optree Manipulation Functions
4387 cv_const_sv, newCONSTSUB, newXS
4389 =item Stack Manipulation Macros
4391 dMARK, dORIGMARK, dSP, EXTEND, MARK, ORIGMARK, POPi, POPl, POPn, POPp,
4392 POPpbytex, POPpx, POPs, PUSHi, PUSHMARK, PUSHn, PUSHp, PUSHs, PUSHu,
4393 PUTBACK, SP, SPAGAIN, XPUSHi, XPUSHn, XPUSHp, XPUSHs, XPUSHu, XSRETURN,
4394 XSRETURN_IV, XSRETURN_NO, XSRETURN_NV, XSRETURN_PV, XSRETURN_UNDEF,
4395 XSRETURN_YES, XST_mIV, XST_mNO, XST_mNV, XST_mPV, XST_mUNDEF, XST_mYES
4399 svtype, SVt_IV, SVt_NV, SVt_PV, SVt_PVAV, SVt_PVCV, SVt_PVHV, SVt_PVMG
4401 =item SV Manipulation Functions
4403 get_sv, looks_like_number, newRV_inc, newRV_noinc, newSV, newSViv, newSVnv,
4404 newSVpv, newSVpvf, newSVpvn, newSVpvn_share, newSVrv, newSVsv, newSVuv,
4405 new_vstring, SvCUR, SvCUR_set, SvEND, SvGROW, SvIOK, SvIOKp, SvIOK_notUV,
4406 SvIOK_off, SvIOK_on, SvIOK_only, SvIOK_only_UV, SvIOK_UV, SvIV, SvIVx,
4407 SvIVX, SvLEN, SvNIOK, SvNIOKp, SvNIOK_off, SvNOK, SvNOKp, SvNOK_off,
4408 SvNOK_on, SvNOK_only, SvNV, SvNVX, SvNVx, SvOK, SvOOK, SvPOK, SvPOKp,
4409 SvPOK_off, SvPOK_on, SvPOK_only, SvPOK_only_UTF8, SvPV, SvPVbyte,
4410 SvPVbytex, SvPVbytex_force, SvPVbyte_force, SvPVbyte_nolen, SvPVutf8,
4411 SvPVutf8x, SvPVutf8x_force, SvPVutf8_force, SvPVutf8_nolen, SvPVx, SvPVX,
4412 SvPV_force, SvPV_force_nomg, SvPV_nolen, SvREFCNT, SvREFCNT_dec,
4413 SvREFCNT_inc, SvROK, SvROK_off, SvROK_on, SvRV, SvSTASH, SvTAINT,
4414 SvTAINTED, SvTAINTED_off, SvTAINTED_on, SvTRUE, SvTYPE, SvUNLOCK, SvUOK,
4415 SvUPGRADE, SvUTF8, SvUTF8_off, SvUTF8_on, SvUV, SvUVX, SvUVx, sv_2bool,
4416 sv_2cv, sv_2io, sv_2iv, sv_2mortal, sv_2nv, sv_2pvbyte, sv_2pvbyte_nolen,
4417 sv_2pvutf8, sv_2pvutf8_nolen, sv_2pv_flags, sv_2pv_nolen, sv_2uv,
4418 sv_backoff, sv_bless, sv_catpv, sv_catpvf, sv_catpvf_mg, sv_catpvn,
4419 sv_catpvn_flags, sv_catpvn_mg, sv_catpv_mg, sv_catsv, sv_catsv_flags,
4420 sv_catsv_mg, sv_chop, sv_clear, sv_cmp, sv_cmp_locale, sv_collxfrm,
4421 sv_copypv, sv_dec, sv_derived_from, sv_eq, sv_force_normal,
4422 sv_force_normal_flags, sv_free, sv_gets, sv_grow, sv_inc, sv_insert,
4423 sv_isa, sv_isobject, sv_iv, sv_len, sv_len_utf8, sv_magic, sv_magicext,
4424 sv_mortalcopy, sv_newmortal, sv_newref, sv_nolocking, sv_nosharing,
4425 sv_nounlocking, sv_nv, sv_pos_b2u, sv_pos_u2b, sv_pv, sv_pvbyte,
4426 sv_pvbyten, sv_pvbyten_force, sv_pvn, sv_pvn_force, sv_pvn_force_flags,
4427 sv_pvutf8, sv_pvutf8n, sv_pvutf8n_force, sv_reftype, sv_replace,
4428 sv_report_used, sv_reset, sv_rvweaken, sv_setiv, sv_setiv_mg, sv_setnv,
4429 sv_setnv_mg, sv_setpv, sv_setpvf, sv_setpvf_mg, sv_setpviv, sv_setpviv_mg,
4430 sv_setpvn, sv_setpvn_mg, sv_setpv_mg, sv_setref_iv, sv_setref_nv,
4431 sv_setref_pv, sv_setref_pvn, sv_setref_uv, sv_setsv, sv_setsv_flags,
4432 sv_setsv_mg, sv_setuv, sv_setuv_mg, sv_taint, sv_tainted, sv_true,
4433 sv_unmagic, sv_unref, sv_unref_flags, sv_untaint, sv_upgrade, sv_usepvn,
4434 sv_usepvn_mg, sv_utf8_decode, sv_utf8_downgrade, sv_utf8_encode,
4435 sv_utf8_upgrade, sv_utf8_upgrade_flags, sv_uv, sv_vcatpvfn, sv_vsetpvfn
4437 =item Unicode Support
4439 bytes_from_utf8, bytes_to_utf8, ibcmp_utf8, is_utf8_char, is_utf8_string,
4440 pv_uni_display, sv_recode_to_utf8, sv_uni_display, to_utf8_case,
4441 to_utf8_fold, to_utf8_lower, to_utf8_title, to_utf8_upper, utf8n_to_uvchr,
4442 utf8n_to_uvuni, utf8_distance, utf8_hop, utf8_length, utf8_to_bytes,
4443 utf8_to_uvchr, utf8_to_uvuni, uvchr_to_utf8, uvuni_to_utf8_flags
4445 =item Variables created by C<xsubpp> and C<xsubpp> internal functions
4447 ax, CLASS, dAX, dITEMS, dXSARGS, dXSI32, items, ix, newXSproto, RETVAL, ST,
4448 THIS, XS, XSRETURN_EMPTY, XS_VERSION, XS_VERSION_BOOTCHECK
4450 =item Warning and Dieing
4460 =head2 perlintern - autogenerated documentation of purely B<internal>
4467 =item Global Variables
4469 PL_DBsingle, PL_DBsub, PL_DBtrace, PL_dowarn, PL_last_in_gv, PL_ofs_sv,
4480 =item Pad Data Structures
4484 =item Stack Manipulation Macros
4488 =item SV Manipulation Functions
4490 report_uninit, sv_add_arena, sv_clean_all, sv_clean_objs, sv_free_arenas
4498 =head2 perliol - C API for Perl's implementation of IO in Layers.
4508 =item History and Background
4510 =item Layers vs Disciplines
4512 =item Data Structures
4514 =item Functions and Attributes
4516 =item Per-instance Data
4518 =item Layers in action.
4520 =item Per-instance flag bits
4522 PERLIO_F_EOF, PERLIO_F_CANWRITE, PERLIO_F_CANREAD, PERLIO_F_ERROR,
4523 PERLIO_F_TRUNCATE, PERLIO_F_APPEND, PERLIO_F_CRLF, PERLIO_F_UTF8,
4524 PERLIO_F_UNBUF, PERLIO_F_WRBUF, PERLIO_F_RDBUF, PERLIO_F_LINEBUF,
4525 PERLIO_F_TEMP, PERLIO_F_OPEN, PERLIO_F_FASTGETS
4527 =item Methods in Detail
4529 name, size, kind, PERLIO_K_BUFFERED, PERLIO_K_CANCRLF, PERLIO_K_FASTGETS,
4530 PERLIO_K_MULTIARG, PERLIO_K_RAW, Pushed, Popped, Open, Getarg, Fileno, Dup,
4531 Read, Write, Seek, Tell, Close, Flush, Fill, Eof, Error, Clearerr,
4532 Setlinebuf, Get_base, Get_bufsiz, Get_ptr, Get_cnt, Set_ptrcnt
4536 "unix", "perlio", "stdio", "crlf", "mmap", "pending", "raw", "utf8"
4538 =item Extension Layers
4540 ":encoding", ":Scalar", ":Object" or ":Perl"
4548 =head2 perlapio - perl's IO abstraction interface.
4556 1. USE_STDIO, 2. USE_SFIO, 3. USE_PERLIO, B<PerlIO_stdin()>,
4557 B<PerlIO_stdout()>, B<PerlIO_stderr()>, B<PerlIO_open(path, mode)>,
4558 B<PerlIO_fdopen(fd,mode)>, B<PerlIO_reopen(path,mode,f)>,
4559 B<PerlIO_printf(f,fmt,...)>, B<PerlIO_vprintf(f,fmt,a)>,
4560 B<PerlIO_stdoutf(fmt,...)>, B<PerlIO_read(f,buf,count)>,
4561 B<PerlIO_write(f,buf,count)>, B<PerlIO_close(f)>, B<PerlIO_puts(f,s)>,
4562 B<PerlIO_putc(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_ungetc(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_getc(f)>,
4563 B<PerlIO_eof(f)>, B<PerlIO_error(f)>, B<PerlIO_fileno(f)>,
4564 B<PerlIO_clearerr(f)>, B<PerlIO_flush(f)>, B<PerlIO_seek(f,offset,whence)>,
4565 B<PerlIO_tell(f)>, B<PerlIO_getpos(f,p)>, B<PerlIO_setpos(f,p)>,
4566 B<PerlIO_rewind(f)>, B<PerlIO_tmpfile()>, B<PerlIO_setlinebuf(f)>
4570 =item Co-existence with stdio
4572 B<PerlIO_importFILE(f,flags)>, B<PerlIO_exportFILE(f,flags)>,
4573 B<PerlIO_findFILE(f)>, B<PerlIO_releaseFILE(p,f)>
4575 =item "Fast gets" Functions
4577 B<PerlIO_fast_gets(f)>, B<PerlIO_has_cntptr(f)>, B<PerlIO_get_cnt(f)>,
4578 B<PerlIO_get_ptr(f)>, B<PerlIO_set_ptrcnt(f,p,c)>, B<PerlIO_canset_cnt(f)>,
4579 B<PerlIO_set_cnt(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_has_base(f)>, B<PerlIO_get_base(f)>,
4580 B<PerlIO_get_bufsiz(f)>
4582 =item Other Functions
4584 PerlIO_apply_layers(f,mode,layers), PerlIO_binmode(f,ptype,imode,layers),
4585 'E<lt>' read, 'E<gt>' write, '+' read/write, PerlIO_debug(fmt,...)
4591 =head2 perltodo - Perl TO-DO List
4597 =item To do during 5.6.x
4601 =item Support for I/O disciplines
4603 =item Autoload bytes.pm
4605 =item Make "\u{XXXX}" et al work
4607 =item Create a char *sv_pvprintify(sv, STRLEN *lenp, UV flags)
4609 =item Overloadable regex assertions
4613 =item use Thread for iThreads
4615 =item make perl_clone optionally clone ops
4617 =item Work out exit/die semantics for threads
4619 =item Typed lexicals for compiler
4621 =item Compiler workarounds for Win32
4623 =item AUTOLOADing in the compiler
4625 =item Fixing comppadlist when compiling
4627 =item Cleaning up exported namespace
4629 =item Complete signal handling
4631 =item Out-of-source builds
4633 =item POSIX realtime support
4635 =item UNIX98 support
4639 =item Long double conversion
4643 =item Thread-safe regexes
4645 =item Arithmetic on non-Arabic numerals
4647 =item POSIX Unicode character classes
4649 =item Factoring out common suffices/prefices in regexps (trie optimization)
4651 =item Security audit shipped utilities
4653 =item Sort out the uid-setting mess
4655 =item Custom opcodes
4657 =item DLL Versioning
4659 =item Introduce @( and @)
4661 =item Floating point handling
4663 =item IV/UV preservation
4665 =item Replace pod2html with something using Pod::Parser
4667 =item Automate module testing on CPAN
4669 =item sendmsg and recvmsg
4671 =item Rewrite perlre documentation
4673 =item Convert example code to IO::Handle filehandles
4675 =item Document Win32 choices
4677 =item Check new modules
4679 =item Make roffitall find pods and libs itself
4683 =item To do at some point
4687 =item Remove regular expression recursion
4689 =item Memory leaks after failed eval
4691 =item bitfields in pack
4693 =item Cross compilation
4695 =item Perl preprocessor / macros
4697 =item Perl lexer in Perl
4699 =item Using POSIX calls internally
4701 =item -i rename file when changed
4703 =item All ARGV input should act like E<lt>E<gt>
4705 =item Support for rerunning debugger
4707 =item Test Suite for the Debugger
4709 =item my sub foo { }
4711 =item One-pass global destruction
4713 =item Rewrite regexp parser
4715 =item Cache recently used regexps
4717 =item Re-entrant functions
4719 =item Cross-compilation support
4721 =item Bit-shifting bitvectors
4723 =item debugger pragma
4725 =item use less pragma
4727 =item switch structures
4729 =item Cache eval tree
4733 =item Shrink opcode tables
4735 =item Optimize away @_
4737 =item Prototypes versus indirect objects
4741 =item Prototype method calls
4743 =item Return context prototype declarations
4747 =item Garbage collection
4751 =item Rewrite perldoc
4753 =item Install .3p manpages
4755 =item Unicode tutorial
4757 =item Update POSIX.pm for 1003.1-2
4759 =item Retargetable installation
4761 =item POSIX emulation on non-POSIX systems
4763 =item Rename Win32 headers
4765 =item Finish off lvalue functions
4767 =item Update sprintf documentation
4769 =item Use fchown/fchmod internally
4771 =item Make v-strings overloaded objects
4773 =item Allow restricted hash assignment
4781 =item ref() in list context
4783 =item Make tr/// return histogram of characters in list context
4785 =item Compile to real threaded code
4787 =item Structured types
4789 =item Modifiable $1 et al.
4791 =item Procedural interfaces for IO::*, etc.
4795 =item Attach/detach debugger from running program
4799 =item foreach(reverse ...)
4801 =item Constant function cache
4803 =item Approximate regular expression matching
4811 =item Update guts documentation
4813 =item Add more tests
4815 =item Update auxiliary tools
4817 =item Create debugging macros
4819 =item truncate to the people
4821 =item Unicode in Filenames
4825 =item Recently done things
4829 =item Alternative RE syntax module
4831 =item Safe signal handling
4837 =item setitimer and getimiter
4839 =item Testing __DIE__ hook
4841 =item CPP equivalent in Perl
4843 =item Explicit switch statements
4851 =item perlcc to produce executable
4853 =item END blocks saved in compiled output
4855 =item Secure temporary file module
4857 =item Integrate Time::HiRes
4859 =item Turn Cwd into XS
4861 =item Mmap for input
4863 =item Byte to/from UTF8 and UTF8 to/from local conversion
4865 =item Add sockatmark support
4867 =item Mailing list archives
4871 =item Integrate MacPerl
4873 =item Web "nerve center" for Perl
4875 =item Regular expression tutorial
4877 =item Debugging Tutorial
4879 =item Integrate new modules
4881 =item Integrate profiler
4883 =item Y2K error detection
4885 =item Regular expression debugger
4889 =item "Dynamic" lexicals
4891 =item Cache precompiled modules
4895 =item Deprecated Wishes
4899 =item Loop control on do{}
4901 =item Lexically scoped typeglobs
4907 =item Generalised want()/caller())
4909 =item Named prototypes
4911 =item Built-in globbing
4913 =item Regression tests for suidperl
4915 =item Cached hash values
4917 =item Add compression modules
4919 =item Reorganise documentation into tutorials/references
4921 =item Remove distinction between functions and operators
4923 =item Make XS easier to use
4925 =item Make embedding easier to use
4929 =item my $Package::variable
4931 =item "or" tests defined, not truth
4933 =item "class"-based lexicals
4937 =item Lazy evaluation / tail recursion removal
4939 =item Make "use utf8" the default
4941 =item Unicode collation and normalization
4943 =item pack/unpack tutorial
4949 =head2 perlhack - How to hack at the Perl internals
4955 Does concept match the general goals of Perl?, Where is the
4956 implementation?, Backwards compatibility, Could it be a module instead?, Is
4957 the feature generic enough?, Does it potentially introduce new bugs?, Does
4958 it preclude other desirable features?, Is the implementation robust?, Is
4959 the implementation generic enough to be portable?, Is the implementation
4960 tested?, Is there enough documentation?, Is there another way to do it?,
4961 Does it create too much work?, Patches speak louder than words
4965 =item Keeping in sync
4967 rsync'ing the source tree, Using rsync over the LAN, Using pushing over the
4968 NFS, rsync'ing the patches
4970 =item Why rsync the source tree
4972 It's easier to rsync the source tree, It's more recent, It's more reliable
4974 =item Why rsync the patches
4976 It's easier to rsync the patches, It's a good reference, Finding a start
4977 point, Finding how to fix a bug, Finding the source of misbehaviour
4979 =item Perlbug remote interface
4981 1 http://bugs.perl.org, 2 bugdb@perl.org, 3
4982 commands_and_bugdids@bugs.perl.org, notes, patches, tests
4984 =item Submitting patches
4986 L<perlguts>, L<perlxstut> and L<perlxs>, L<perlapi>,
4987 F<Porting/pumpkin.pod>, The perl5-porters FAQ
4989 =item Finding Your Way Around
4991 Core modules, Tests, Documentation, Configure, Interpreter
4993 =item Elements of the interpreter
4995 Startup, Parsing, Optimization, Running
4997 =item Internal Variable Types
5003 Argument stack, Mark stack, Save stack
5005 =item Millions of Macros
5007 =item Poking at Perl
5009 =item Using a source-level debugger
5011 run [args], break function_name, break source.c:xxx, step, next, continue,
5012 finish, 'enter', print
5014 =item Dumping Perl Data Structures
5018 =item Patching a core module
5020 =item Adding a new function to the core
5022 =item Writing a test
5024 F<t/base/>, F<t/cmd/>, F<t/comp/>, F<t/io/>, F<t/lib/>, F<t/op/>,
5025 F<t/pod/>, F<t/run/>, t/base t/comp, t/cmd t/run t/io t/op, t/lib ext lib
5029 =item EXTERNAL TOOLS FOR DEBUGGING PERL
5033 =item Rational Software's Purify
5035 =item Purify on Unix
5037 -Accflags=-DPURIFY, -Doptimize='-g', -Uusemymalloc, -Dusemultiplicity
5041 DEFINES, USE_MULTI = define, #PERL_MALLOC = define, CFG = Debug
5043 =item Compaq's/Digital's Third Degree
5045 =item PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL
5049 =item Gprof Profiling
5051 -a, -b, -e routine, -f routine, -s, -z
5053 =item GCC gcov Profiling
5055 =item Pixie Profiling
5057 -h, -l, -p[rocedures], -h[eavy], -i[nvocations], -l[ines], -testcoverage,
5060 =item Miscellaneous tricks
5064 I<The Road goes ever on and on, down from the door where it began.>
5072 =head2 perlhist - the Perl history records
5080 =item THE KEEPERS OF THE PUMPKIN
5092 =item SELECTED RELEASE SIZES
5094 =item SELECTED PATCH SIZES
5098 =item THE KEEPERS OF THE RECORDS
5102 =head2 perldelta - what is new for perl v5.8.0
5108 =item Highlights In 5.8.0
5110 =item Incompatible Changes
5114 =item 64-bit platforms and malloc
5116 =item AIX Dynaloading
5118 =item Attributes for C<my> variables now handled at run-time.
5120 =item Socket Extension Dynamic in VMS
5122 =item IEEE-format Floating Point Default on OpenVMS Alpha
5124 =item New Unicode Properties
5126 =item REF(...) Instead Of SCALAR(...)
5128 =item pack/unpack D/F recycled
5134 =item Core Enhancements
5138 =item PerlIO is Now The Default
5140 =item Restricted Hashes
5144 =item Unicode Overhaul
5146 =item Understanding of Numbers
5148 =item Miscellaneous Changes
5152 =item Modules and Pragmata
5156 =item New Modules and Pragmata
5158 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
5162 =item Utility Changes
5164 =item New Documentation
5166 =item Performance Enhancements
5168 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
5172 =item Generic Improvements
5174 =item New Or Improved Platforms
5178 =item Selected Bug Fixes
5182 =item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
5186 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
5188 =item Changed Internals
5190 =item Security Vulnerability Closed
5194 =item Known Problems
5200 =item Amiga Perl Invoking Mystery
5202 =item FreeBSD Failing locale Test 117 For ISO8859-15 Locales
5204 =item mod_perl 1.26 Doesn't Build With Threaded Perl
5206 =item lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
5208 =item HP-UX lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails When LP64-Configured
5210 =item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
5214 =item op/sprintf tests 91, 129, and 130
5216 =item Failure of Thread (5.005-style) tests
5220 =item UNICOS and UNICOS/mk
5230 =item XML::Parser not working
5232 =item Localising a Tied Variable Leaks Memory
5236 =item Localising Tied Arrays and Hashes Is Broken
5238 =item Self-tying of Arrays and Hashes Is Forbidden
5240 =item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
5242 =item Unicode Support on EBCDIC Still Spotty
5244 =item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental
5246 =item The Long Double Support Is Still Experimental
5248 =item Seen In Perl 5.7 But Gone Now
5252 =item Reporting Bugs
5260 =head2 perl572delta - what's new for perl v5.7.2
5266 =item Security Vulnerability Closed
5268 =item Incompatible Changes
5272 =item 64-bit platforms and malloc
5274 =item AIX Dynaloading
5276 =item Socket Extension Dynamic in VMS
5278 =item Different Definition of the Unicode Character Classes \p{In...}
5284 =item Core Enhancements
5286 =item Modules and Pragmata
5290 =item New Modules and Distributions
5292 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
5296 =item Utility Changes
5298 =item New Documentation
5300 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
5304 =item New Or Improved Platforms
5306 =item Generic Improvements
5310 =item Selected Bug Fixes
5314 =item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
5318 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
5320 =item Source Code Enhancements
5324 =item MAGIC constants
5326 =item Better commented code
5328 =item Regex pre-/post-compilation items matched up
5336 =item Known Problems
5342 =item Amiga Perl Invoking Mystery
5344 =item lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
5346 =item Cygwin intermittent failures of lib/Memoize/t/expire_file 11 and 12
5348 =item HP-UX lib/io_multihomed Fails When LP64-Configured
5350 =item HP-UX lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails When LP64-Configured
5352 =item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
5356 =item op/sprintf tests 129 and 130
5358 =item Failure of Thread tests
5368 =item Localising a Tied Variable Leaks Memory
5370 =item Self-tying of Arrays and Hashes Is Forbidden
5372 =item Variable Attributes are not Currently Usable for Tieing
5374 =item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
5376 =item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental
5378 =item The Long Double Support is Still Experimental
5382 =item Reporting Bugs
5390 =head2 perl571delta - what's new for perl v5.7.1
5396 =item Security Vulnerability Closed
5398 =item Incompatible Changes
5400 =item Core Enhancements
5404 =item AUTOLOAD Is Now Lvaluable
5406 =item PerlIO is Now The Default
5408 =item Signals Are Now Safe
5412 =item Modules and Pragmata
5418 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
5422 =item Performance Enhancements
5424 =item Utility Changes
5426 =item New Documentation
5442 =item README.solaris
5446 =item Porting/repository.pod
5450 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
5454 =item New Or Improved Platforms
5456 =item Generic Improvements
5458 d_cmsghdr, d_fcntl_can_lock, d_fsync, d_getitimer, d_getpagsz, d_msghdr_s,
5459 need_va_copy, d_readv, d_recvmsg, d_sendmsg, sig_size, d_sockatmark,
5460 d_strtoq, d_u32align, d_ualarm, d_usleep
5464 =item Selected Bug Fixes
5468 =item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
5472 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
5474 =item Changed Internals
5478 =item Known Problems
5482 =item AIX vac 5.0.0.0 May Produce Buggy Code For Perl
5484 =item lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
5486 =item lib/io_multihomed Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
5488 =item Test lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
5492 =item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
5494 =item sigaction test 13 in VMS
5496 =item sprintf tests 129 and 130
5498 =item Failure of Thread tests
5500 =item Localising a Tied Variable Leaks Memory
5502 =item Self-tying of Arrays and Hashes Is Forbidden
5504 =item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
5506 =item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental
5510 =item Reporting Bugs
5518 =head2 perl570delta - what's new for perl v5.7.0
5524 =item Security Vulnerability Closed
5526 =item Incompatible Changes
5528 =item Core Enhancements
5530 =item Modules and Pragmata
5536 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
5540 =item Utility Changes
5542 =item New Documentation
5544 =item Performance Enhancements
5546 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
5550 =item Generic Improvements
5554 =item Selected Bug Fixes
5558 =item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
5562 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
5564 =item Changed Internals
5566 =item Known Problems
5570 =item Unicode Support Still Far From Perfect
5572 =item EBCDIC Still A Lost Platform
5574 =item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
5576 =item ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
5578 =item Test lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
5580 =item Long Doubles Still Don't Work In Solaris
5582 =item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
5584 =item Storable tests fail in some platforms
5586 =item Threads Are Still Experimental
5588 =item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental
5592 =item Reporting Bugs
5600 =head2 perl561delta - what's new for perl v5.6.x
5606 =item Summary of changes between 5.6.0 and 5.6.1
5610 =item Security Issues
5612 =item Core bug fixes
5614 C<UNIVERSAL::isa()>, Memory leaks, Numeric conversions, qw(a\\b), caller(),
5615 Bugs in regular expressions, "slurp" mode, Autovivification of symbolic
5616 references to special variables, Lexical warnings, Spurious warnings and
5617 errors, glob(), Tainting, sort(), #line directives, Subroutine prototypes,
5618 map(), Debugger, PERL5OPT, chop(), Unicode support, 64-bit support,
5619 Compiler, Lvalue subroutines, IO::Socket, File::Find, xsubpp, C<no
5624 =item Configuration issues
5628 =item Bundled modules
5630 B::Concise, File::Temp, Pod::LaTeX, Pod::Text::Overstrike, CGI, CPAN,
5631 Class::Struct, DB_File, Devel::Peek, File::Find, Getopt::Long, IO::Poll,
5632 IPC::Open3, Math::BigFloat, Math::Complex, Net::Ping, Opcode, Pod::Parser,
5633 Pod::Text, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Tie::RefHash, Tie::SubstrHash
5635 =item Platform-specific improvements
5637 NCR MP-RAS, NonStop-UX
5641 =item Core Enhancements
5645 =item Interpreter cloning, threads, and concurrency
5647 =item Lexically scoped warning categories
5649 =item Unicode and UTF-8 support
5651 =item Support for interpolating named characters
5653 =item "our" declarations
5655 =item Support for strings represented as a vector of ordinals
5657 =item Improved Perl version numbering system
5659 =item New syntax for declaring subroutine attributes
5661 =item File and directory handles can be autovivified
5663 =item open() with more than two arguments
5665 =item 64-bit support
5667 =item Large file support
5673 =item Enhanced support for sort() subroutines
5675 =item C<sort $coderef @foo> allowed
5677 =item File globbing implemented internally
5679 =item Support for CHECK blocks
5681 =item POSIX character class syntax [: :] supported
5683 =item Better pseudo-random number generator
5685 =item Improved C<qw//> operator
5687 =item Better worst-case behavior of hashes
5689 =item pack() format 'Z' supported
5691 =item pack() format modifier '!' supported
5693 =item pack() and unpack() support counted strings
5695 =item Comments in pack() templates
5697 =item Weak references
5699 =item Binary numbers supported
5701 =item Lvalue subroutines
5703 =item Some arrows may be omitted in calls through references
5705 =item Boolean assignment operators are legal lvalues
5707 =item exists() is supported on subroutine names
5709 =item exists() and delete() are supported on array elements
5711 =item Pseudo-hashes work better
5713 =item Automatic flushing of output buffers
5715 =item Better diagnostics on meaningless filehandle operations
5717 =item Where possible, buffered data discarded from duped input filehandle
5719 =item eof() has the same old magic as <>
5721 =item binmode() can be used to set :crlf and :raw modes
5723 =item C<-T> filetest recognizes UTF-8 encoded files as "text"
5725 =item system(), backticks and pipe open now reflect exec() failure
5727 =item Improved diagnostics
5729 =item Diagnostics follow STDERR
5731 =item More consistent close-on-exec behavior
5733 =item syswrite() ease-of-use
5735 =item Better syntax checks on parenthesized unary operators
5737 =item Bit operators support full native integer width
5739 =item Improved security features
5741 =item More functional bareword prototype (*)
5743 =item C<require> and C<do> may be overridden
5745 =item $^X variables may now have names longer than one character
5747 =item New variable $^C reflects C<-c> switch
5749 =item New variable $^V contains Perl version as a string
5751 =item Optional Y2K warnings
5753 =item Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings
5757 =item Modules and Pragmata
5763 attributes, B, Benchmark, ByteLoader, constant, charnames, Data::Dumper,
5764 DB, DB_File, Devel::DProf, Devel::Peek, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, English,
5765 Env, Fcntl, File::Compare, File::Find, File::Glob, File::Spec,
5766 File::Spec::Functions, Getopt::Long, IO, JPL, lib, Math::BigInt,
5767 Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Pod::Parser, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Checker,
5768 podchecker, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Find, Pod::Select, podselect, Pod::Usage,
5769 pod2usage, Pod::Text and Pod::Man, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Sys::Hostname,
5770 Term::ANSIColor, Time::Local, Win32, XSLoader, DBM Filters
5776 =item Utility Changes
5790 =item The Perl Debugger
5794 =item Improved Documentation
5796 perlapi.pod, perlboot.pod, perlcompile.pod, perldbmfilter.pod,
5797 perldebug.pod, perldebguts.pod, perlfork.pod, perlfilter.pod, perlhack.pod,
5798 perlintern.pod, perllexwarn.pod, perlnumber.pod, perlopentut.pod,
5799 perlreftut.pod, perltootc.pod, perltodo.pod, perlunicode.pod
5801 =item Performance enhancements
5805 =item Simple sort() using { $a <=> $b } and the like are optimized
5807 =item Optimized assignments to lexical variables
5809 =item Faster subroutine calls
5811 =item delete(), each(), values() and hash iteration are faster
5815 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
5819 =item -Dusethreads means something different
5821 =item New Configure flags
5823 =item Threadedness and 64-bitness now more daring
5829 =item -Duselargefiles
5831 =item installusrbinperl
5837 =item Enhanced Installation Directories
5839 =item gcc automatically tried if 'cc' does not seem to be working
5843 =item Platform specific changes
5847 =item Supported platforms
5851 =item OS390 (OpenEdition MVS)
5859 =item Significant bug fixes
5863 =item <HANDLE> on empty files
5865 =item C<eval '...'> improvements
5867 =item All compilation errors are true errors
5869 =item Implicitly closed filehandles are safer
5871 =item Behavior of list slices is more consistent
5873 =item C<(\$)> prototype and C<$foo{a}>
5875 =item C<goto &sub> and AUTOLOAD
5877 =item C<-bareword> allowed under C<use integer>
5879 =item Failures in DESTROY()
5881 =item Locale bugs fixed
5885 =item Spurious subroutine stubs after failed subroutine calls
5887 =item Taint failures under C<-U>
5889 =item END blocks and the C<-c> switch
5891 =item Potential to leak DATA filehandles
5895 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
5897 "%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same %s, "my sub" not yet
5898 implemented, "our" variable %s redeclared, '!' allowed only after types %s,
5899 / cannot take a count, / must be followed by a, A or Z, / must be followed
5900 by a*, A* or Z*, / must follow a numeric type, /%s/: Unrecognized escape
5901 \\%c passed through, /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c in character class
5902 passed through, /%s/ should probably be written as "%s", %s() called too
5903 early to check prototype, %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element, %s
5904 argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or slice, %s argument is not a
5905 subroutine name, %s package attribute may clash with future reserved word:
5906 %s, (in cleanup) %s, <> should be quotes, Attempt to join self, Bad evalled
5907 substitution pattern, Bad realloc() ignored, Bareword found in conditional,
5908 Binary number > 0b11111111111111111111111111111111 non-portable, Bit vector
5909 size > 32 non-portable, Buffer overflow in prime_env_iter: %s, Can't check
5910 filesystem of script "%s", Can't declare class for non-scalar %s in "%s",
5911 Can't declare %s in "%s", Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default,
5912 Can't modify non-lvalue subroutine call, Can't read CRTL environ, Can't
5913 remove %s: %s, skipping file, Can't return %s from lvalue subroutine, Can't
5914 weaken a nonreference, Character class [:%s:] unknown, Character class
5915 syntax [%s] belongs inside character classes, Constant is not %s reference,
5916 constant(%s): %s, CORE::%s is not a keyword, defined(@array) is deprecated,
5917 defined(%hash) is deprecated, Did not produce a valid header, (Did you mean
5918 "local" instead of "our"?), Document contains no data, entering effective
5919 %s failed, false [] range "%s" in regexp, Filehandle %s opened only for
5920 output, flock() on closed filehandle %s, Global symbol "%s" requires
5921 explicit package name, Hexadecimal number > 0xffffffff non-portable,
5922 Ill-formed CRTL environ value "%s", Ill-formed message in prime_env_iter:
5923 |%s|, Illegal binary digit %s, Illegal binary digit %s ignored, Illegal
5924 number of bits in vec, Integer overflow in %s number, Invalid %s attribute:
5925 %s, Invalid %s attributes: %s, invalid [] range "%s" in regexp, Invalid
5926 separator character %s in attribute list, Invalid separator character %s in
5927 subroutine attribute list, leaving effective %s failed, Lvalue subs
5928 returning %s not implemented yet, Method %s not permitted, Missing
5929 %sbrace%s on \N{}, Missing command in piped open, Missing name in "my sub",
5930 No %s specified for -%c, No package name allowed for variable %s in "our",
5931 No space allowed after -%c, no UTC offset information; assuming local time
5932 is UTC, Octal number > 037777777777 non-portable, panic: del_backref,
5933 panic: kid popen errno read, panic: magic_killbackrefs, Parentheses missing
5934 around "%s" list, Possible unintended interpolation of %s in string,
5935 Possible Y2K bug: %s, pragma "attrs" is deprecated, use "sub NAME : ATTRS"
5936 instead, Premature end of script headers, Repeat count in pack overflows,
5937 Repeat count in unpack overflows, realloc() of freed memory ignored,
5938 Reference is already weak, setpgrp can't take arguments, Strange *+?{} on
5939 zero-length expression, switching effective %s is not implemented, This
5940 Perl can't reset CRTL environ elements (%s), This Perl can't set CRTL
5941 environ elements (%s=%s), Too late to run %s block, Unknown open() mode
5942 '%s', Unknown process %x sent message to prime_env_iter: %s, Unrecognized
5943 escape \\%c passed through, Unterminated attribute parameter in attribute
5944 list, Unterminated attribute list, Unterminated attribute parameter in
5945 subroutine attribute list, Unterminated subroutine attribute list, Value of
5946 CLI symbol "%s" too long, Version number must be a constant number
5950 =item Incompatible Changes
5954 =item Perl Source Incompatibilities
5956 CHECK is a new keyword, Treatment of list slices of undef has changed,
5957 Format of $English::PERL_VERSION is different, Literals of the form
5958 C<1.2.3> parse differently, Possibly changed pseudo-random number
5959 generator, Hashing function for hash keys has changed, C<undef> fails on
5960 read only values, Close-on-exec bit may be set on pipe and socket handles,
5961 Writing C<"$$1"> to mean C<"${$}1"> is unsupported, delete(), each(),
5962 values() and C<\(%h)>, vec(EXPR,OFFSET,BITS) enforces powers-of-two BITS,
5963 Text of some diagnostic output has changed, C<%@> has been removed,
5964 Parenthesized not() behaves like a list operator, Semantics of bareword
5965 prototype C<(*)> have changed, Semantics of bit operators may have changed
5966 on 64-bit platforms, More builtins taint their results
5968 =item C Source Incompatibilities
5970 C<PERL_POLLUTE>, C<PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT>, C<PERL_POLLUTE_MALLOC>
5972 =item Compatible C Source API Changes
5974 C<PATCHLEVEL> is now C<PERL_VERSION>
5976 =item Binary Incompatibilities
5980 =item Known Problems
5984 =item Localizing a tied hash element may leak memory
5986 =item Known test failures
5990 =item EBCDIC platforms not fully supported
5992 =item UNICOS/mk CC failures during Configure run
5994 =item Arrow operator and arrays
5996 =item Experimental features
5998 Threads, Unicode, 64-bit support, Lvalue subroutines, Weak references, The
5999 pseudo-hash data type, The Compiler suite, Internal implementation of file
6000 globbing, The DB module, The regular expression code constructs:
6004 =item Obsolete Diagnostics
6006 Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Ill-formed
6007 logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter, In string, @%s now must be written as
6008 \@%s, Probable precedence problem on %s, regexp too big, Use of "$$<digit>"
6009 to mean "${$}<digit>" is deprecated
6011 =item Reporting Bugs
6019 =head2 perl56delta - what's new for perl v5.6.0
6025 =item Core Enhancements
6029 =item Interpreter cloning, threads, and concurrency
6031 =item Lexically scoped warning categories
6033 =item Unicode and UTF-8 support
6035 =item Support for interpolating named characters
6037 =item "our" declarations
6039 =item Support for strings represented as a vector of ordinals
6041 =item Improved Perl version numbering system
6043 =item New syntax for declaring subroutine attributes
6045 =item File and directory handles can be autovivified
6047 =item open() with more than two arguments
6049 =item 64-bit support
6051 =item Large file support
6057 =item Enhanced support for sort() subroutines
6059 =item C<sort $coderef @foo> allowed
6061 =item File globbing implemented internally
6063 =item Support for CHECK blocks
6065 =item POSIX character class syntax [: :] supported
6067 =item Better pseudo-random number generator
6069 =item Improved C<qw//> operator
6071 =item Better worst-case behavior of hashes
6073 =item pack() format 'Z' supported
6075 =item pack() format modifier '!' supported
6077 =item pack() and unpack() support counted strings
6079 =item Comments in pack() templates
6081 =item Weak references
6083 =item Binary numbers supported
6085 =item Lvalue subroutines
6087 =item Some arrows may be omitted in calls through references
6089 =item Boolean assignment operators are legal lvalues
6091 =item exists() is supported on subroutine names
6093 =item exists() and delete() are supported on array elements
6095 =item Pseudo-hashes work better
6097 =item Automatic flushing of output buffers
6099 =item Better diagnostics on meaningless filehandle operations
6101 =item Where possible, buffered data discarded from duped input filehandle
6103 =item eof() has the same old magic as <>
6105 =item binmode() can be used to set :crlf and :raw modes
6107 =item C<-T> filetest recognizes UTF-8 encoded files as "text"
6109 =item system(), backticks and pipe open now reflect exec() failure
6111 =item Improved diagnostics
6113 =item Diagnostics follow STDERR
6115 =item More consistent close-on-exec behavior
6117 =item syswrite() ease-of-use
6119 =item Better syntax checks on parenthesized unary operators
6121 =item Bit operators support full native integer width
6123 =item Improved security features
6125 =item More functional bareword prototype (*)
6127 =item C<require> and C<do> may be overridden
6129 =item $^X variables may now have names longer than one character
6131 =item New variable $^C reflects C<-c> switch
6133 =item New variable $^V contains Perl version as a string
6135 =item Optional Y2K warnings
6137 =item Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings
6141 =item Modules and Pragmata
6147 attributes, B, Benchmark, ByteLoader, constant, charnames, Data::Dumper,
6148 DB, DB_File, Devel::DProf, Devel::Peek, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, English,
6149 Env, Fcntl, File::Compare, File::Find, File::Glob, File::Spec,
6150 File::Spec::Functions, Getopt::Long, IO, JPL, lib, Math::BigInt,
6151 Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Pod::Parser, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Checker,
6152 podchecker, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Find, Pod::Select, podselect, Pod::Usage,
6153 pod2usage, Pod::Text and Pod::Man, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Sys::Hostname,
6154 Term::ANSIColor, Time::Local, Win32, XSLoader, DBM Filters
6160 =item Utility Changes
6174 =item The Perl Debugger
6178 =item Improved Documentation
6180 perlapi.pod, perlboot.pod, perlcompile.pod, perldbmfilter.pod,
6181 perldebug.pod, perldebguts.pod, perlfork.pod, perlfilter.pod, perlhack.pod,
6182 perlintern.pod, perllexwarn.pod, perlnumber.pod, perlopentut.pod,
6183 perlreftut.pod, perltootc.pod, perltodo.pod, perlunicode.pod
6185 =item Performance enhancements
6189 =item Simple sort() using { $a <=> $b } and the like are optimized
6191 =item Optimized assignments to lexical variables
6193 =item Faster subroutine calls
6195 =item delete(), each(), values() and hash iteration are faster
6199 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
6203 =item -Dusethreads means something different
6205 =item New Configure flags
6207 =item Threadedness and 64-bitness now more daring
6213 =item -Duselargefiles
6215 =item installusrbinperl
6221 =item Enhanced Installation Directories
6225 =item Platform specific changes
6229 =item Supported platforms
6233 =item OS390 (OpenEdition MVS)
6241 =item Significant bug fixes
6245 =item <HANDLE> on empty files
6247 =item C<eval '...'> improvements
6249 =item All compilation errors are true errors
6251 =item Implicitly closed filehandles are safer
6253 =item Behavior of list slices is more consistent
6255 =item C<(\$)> prototype and C<$foo{a}>
6257 =item C<goto &sub> and AUTOLOAD
6259 =item C<-bareword> allowed under C<use integer>
6261 =item Failures in DESTROY()
6263 =item Locale bugs fixed
6267 =item Spurious subroutine stubs after failed subroutine calls
6269 =item Taint failures under C<-U>
6271 =item END blocks and the C<-c> switch
6273 =item Potential to leak DATA filehandles
6277 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
6279 "%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same %s, "my sub" not yet
6280 implemented, "our" variable %s redeclared, '!' allowed only after types %s,
6281 / cannot take a count, / must be followed by a, A or Z, / must be followed
6282 by a*, A* or Z*, / must follow a numeric type, /%s/: Unrecognized escape
6283 \\%c passed through, /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c in character class
6284 passed through, /%s/ should probably be written as "%s", %s() called too
6285 early to check prototype, %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element, %s
6286 argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or slice, %s argument is not a
6287 subroutine name, %s package attribute may clash with future reserved word:
6288 %s, (in cleanup) %s, <> should be quotes, Attempt to join self, Bad evalled
6289 substitution pattern, Bad realloc() ignored, Bareword found in conditional,
6290 Binary number > 0b11111111111111111111111111111111 non-portable, Bit vector
6291 size > 32 non-portable, Buffer overflow in prime_env_iter: %s, Can't check
6292 filesystem of script "%s", Can't declare class for non-scalar %s in "%s",
6293 Can't declare %s in "%s", Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default,
6294 Can't modify non-lvalue subroutine call, Can't read CRTL environ, Can't
6295 remove %s: %s, skipping file, Can't return %s from lvalue subroutine, Can't
6296 weaken a nonreference, Character class [:%s:] unknown, Character class
6297 syntax [%s] belongs inside character classes, Constant is not %s reference,
6298 constant(%s): %s, CORE::%s is not a keyword, defined(@array) is deprecated,
6299 defined(%hash) is deprecated, Did not produce a valid header, (Did you mean
6300 "local" instead of "our"?), Document contains no data, entering effective
6301 %s failed, false [] range "%s" in regexp, Filehandle %s opened only for
6302 output, flock() on closed filehandle %s, Global symbol "%s" requires
6303 explicit package name, Hexadecimal number > 0xffffffff non-portable,
6304 Ill-formed CRTL environ value "%s", Ill-formed message in prime_env_iter:
6305 |%s|, Illegal binary digit %s, Illegal binary digit %s ignored, Illegal
6306 number of bits in vec, Integer overflow in %s number, Invalid %s attribute:
6307 %s, Invalid %s attributes: %s, invalid [] range "%s" in regexp, Invalid
6308 separator character %s in attribute list, Invalid separator character %s in
6309 subroutine attribute list, leaving effective %s failed, Lvalue subs
6310 returning %s not implemented yet, Method %s not permitted, Missing
6311 %sbrace%s on \N{}, Missing command in piped open, Missing name in "my sub",
6312 No %s specified for -%c, No package name allowed for variable %s in "our",
6313 No space allowed after -%c, no UTC offset information; assuming local time
6314 is UTC, Octal number > 037777777777 non-portable, panic: del_backref,
6315 panic: kid popen errno read, panic: magic_killbackrefs, Parentheses missing
6316 around "%s" list, Possible unintended interpolation of %s in string,
6317 Possible Y2K bug: %s, pragma "attrs" is deprecated, use "sub NAME : ATTRS"
6318 instead, Premature end of script headers, Repeat count in pack overflows,
6319 Repeat count in unpack overflows, realloc() of freed memory ignored,
6320 Reference is already weak, setpgrp can't take arguments, Strange *+?{} on
6321 zero-length expression, switching effective %s is not implemented, This
6322 Perl can't reset CRTL environ elements (%s), This Perl can't set CRTL
6323 environ elements (%s=%s), Too late to run %s block, Unknown open() mode
6324 '%s', Unknown process %x sent message to prime_env_iter: %s, Unrecognized
6325 escape \\%c passed through, Unterminated attribute parameter in attribute
6326 list, Unterminated attribute list, Unterminated attribute parameter in
6327 subroutine attribute list, Unterminated subroutine attribute list, Value of
6328 CLI symbol "%s" too long, Version number must be a constant number
6332 =item Incompatible Changes
6336 =item Perl Source Incompatibilities
6338 CHECK is a new keyword, Treatment of list slices of undef has changed,
6339 Format of $English::PERL_VERSION is different, Literals of the form
6340 C<1.2.3> parse differently, Possibly changed pseudo-random number
6341 generator, Hashing function for hash keys has changed, C<undef> fails on
6342 read only values, Close-on-exec bit may be set on pipe and socket handles,
6343 Writing C<"$$1"> to mean C<"${$}1"> is unsupported, delete(), each(),
6344 values() and C<\(%h)>, vec(EXPR,OFFSET,BITS) enforces powers-of-two BITS,
6345 Text of some diagnostic output has changed, C<%@> has been removed,
6346 Parenthesized not() behaves like a list operator, Semantics of bareword
6347 prototype C<(*)> have changed, Semantics of bit operators may have changed
6348 on 64-bit platforms, More builtins taint their results
6350 =item C Source Incompatibilities
6352 C<PERL_POLLUTE>, C<PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT>, C<PERL_POLLUTE_MALLOC>
6354 =item Compatible C Source API Changes
6356 C<PATCHLEVEL> is now C<PERL_VERSION>
6358 =item Binary Incompatibilities
6362 =item Known Problems
6366 =item Thread test failures
6368 =item EBCDIC platforms not supported
6370 =item In 64-bit HP-UX the lib/io_multihomed test may hang
6372 =item NEXTSTEP 3.3 POSIX test failure
6374 =item Tru64 (aka Digital UNIX, aka DEC OSF/1) lib/sdbm test failure with
6377 =item UNICOS/mk CC failures during Configure run
6379 =item Arrow operator and arrays
6381 =item Experimental features
6383 Threads, Unicode, 64-bit support, Lvalue subroutines, Weak references, The
6384 pseudo-hash data type, The Compiler suite, Internal implementation of file
6385 globbing, The DB module, The regular expression code constructs:
6389 =item Obsolete Diagnostics
6391 Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Ill-formed
6392 logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter, In string, @%s now must be written as
6393 \@%s, Probable precedence problem on %s, regexp too big, Use of "$$<digit>"
6394 to mean "${$}<digit>" is deprecated
6396 =item Reporting Bugs
6404 =head2 perl5005delta - what's new for perl5.005
6410 =item About the new versioning system
6412 =item Incompatible Changes
6416 =item WARNING: This version is not binary compatible with Perl 5.004.
6418 =item Default installation structure has changed
6420 =item Perl Source Compatibility
6422 =item C Source Compatibility
6424 =item Binary Compatibility
6426 =item Security fixes may affect compatibility
6428 =item Relaxed new mandatory warnings introduced in 5.004
6442 =item Regular Expressions
6444 Many new and improved optimizations, Many bug fixes, New regular expression
6445 constructs, New operator for precompiled regular expressions, Other
6446 improvements, Incompatible changes
6448 =item Improved malloc()
6450 =item Quicksort is internally implemented
6452 =item Reliable signals
6454 =item Reliable stack pointers
6456 =item More generous treatment of carriage returns
6460 =item Better support for multiple interpreters
6462 =item Behavior of local() on array and hash elements is now well-defined
6464 =item C<%!> is transparently tied to the L<Errno> module
6466 =item Pseudo-hashes are supported
6468 =item C<EXPR foreach EXPR> is supported
6470 =item Keywords can be globally overridden
6472 =item C<$^E> is meaningful on Win32
6474 =item C<foreach (1..1000000)> optimized
6476 =item C<Foo::> can be used as implicitly quoted package name
6478 =item C<exists $Foo::{Bar::}> tests existence of a package
6480 =item Better locale support
6482 =item Experimental support for 64-bit platforms
6484 =item prototype() returns useful results on builtins
6486 =item Extended support for exception handling
6488 =item Re-blessing in DESTROY() supported for chaining DESTROY() methods
6490 =item All C<printf> format conversions are handled internally
6492 =item New C<INIT> keyword
6494 =item New C<lock> keyword
6496 =item New C<qr//> operator
6498 =item C<our> is now a reserved word
6500 =item Tied arrays are now fully supported
6502 =item Tied handles support is better
6504 =item 4th argument to substr
6506 =item Negative LENGTH argument to splice
6508 =item Magic lvalues are now more magical
6510 =item <> now reads in records
6514 =item Supported Platforms
6520 =item Changes in existing support
6524 =item Modules and Pragmata
6530 B, Data::Dumper, Dumpvalue, Errno, File::Spec, ExtUtils::Installed,
6531 ExtUtils::Packlist, Fatal, IPC::SysV, Test, Tie::Array, Tie::Handle,
6532 Thread, attrs, fields, re
6534 =item Changes in existing modules
6536 Benchmark, Carp, CGI, Fcntl, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, POSIX, DB_File,
6537 MakeMaker, CPAN, Cwd
6541 =item Utility Changes
6543 =item Documentation Changes
6545 =item New Diagnostics
6547 Ambiguous call resolved as CORE::%s(), qualify as such or use &, Bad index
6548 while coercing array into hash, Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent
6549 package, Can't call method "%s" on an undefined value, Can't check
6550 filesystem of script "%s" for nosuid, Can't coerce array into hash, Can't
6551 goto subroutine from an eval-string, Can't localize pseudo-hash element,
6552 Can't use %%! because Errno.pm is not available, Cannot find an opnumber
6553 for "%s", Character class syntax [. .] is reserved for future extensions,
6554 Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Character
6555 class syntax [= =] is reserved for future extensions, %s: Eval-group in
6556 insecure regular expression, %s: Eval-group not allowed, use re 'eval', %s:
6557 Eval-group not allowed at run time, Explicit blessing to '' (assuming
6558 package main), Illegal hex digit ignored, No such array field, No such
6559 field "%s" in variable %s of type %s, Out of memory during ridiculously
6560 large request, Range iterator outside integer range, Recursive inheritance
6561 detected while looking for method '%s' %s, Reference found where even-sized
6562 list expected, Undefined value assigned to typeglob, Use of reserved word
6563 "%s" is deprecated, perl: warning: Setting locale failed
6565 =item Obsolete Diagnostics
6567 Can't mktemp(), Can't write to temp file for B<-e>: %s, Cannot open
6568 temporary file, regexp too big
6570 =item Configuration Changes
6580 =head2 perl5004delta - what's new for perl5.004
6586 =item Supported Environments
6592 =item List assignment to %ENV works
6594 =item Change to "Can't locate Foo.pm in @INC" error
6596 =item Compilation option: Binary compatibility with 5.003
6598 =item $PERL5OPT environment variable
6600 =item Limitations on B<-M>, B<-m>, and B<-T> options
6602 =item More precise warnings
6604 =item Deprecated: Inherited C<AUTOLOAD> for non-methods
6606 =item Previously deprecated %OVERLOAD is no longer usable
6608 =item Subroutine arguments created only when they're modified
6610 =item Group vector changeable with C<$)>
6612 =item Fixed parsing of $$<digit>, &$<digit>, etc.
6614 =item Fixed localization of $<digit>, $&, etc.
6616 =item No resetting of $. on implicit close
6618 =item C<wantarray> may return undef
6620 =item C<eval EXPR> determines value of EXPR in scalar context
6622 =item Changes to tainting checks
6624 No glob() or <*>, No spawning if tainted $CDPATH, $ENV, $BASH_ENV, No
6625 spawning if tainted $TERM doesn't look like a terminal name
6627 =item New Opcode module and revised Safe module
6629 =item Embedding improvements
6631 =item Internal change: FileHandle class based on IO::* classes
6633 =item Internal change: PerlIO abstraction interface
6635 =item New and changed syntax
6639 =item New and changed builtin constants
6643 =item New and changed builtin variables
6647 =item New and changed builtin functions
6649 delete on slices, flock, printf and sprintf, keys as an lvalue, my() in
6650 Control Structures, pack() and unpack(), sysseek(), use VERSION, use Module
6651 VERSION LIST, prototype(FUNCTION), srand, $_ as Default, C<m//gc> does not
6652 reset search position on failure, C<m//x> ignores whitespace before ?*+{},
6653 nested C<sub{}> closures work now, formats work right on changing lexicals
6655 =item New builtin methods
6657 isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] )
6659 =item TIEHANDLE now supported
6661 TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this, LIST, READ this
6662 LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, DESTROY this
6664 =item Malloc enhancements
6666 -DPERL_EMERGENCY_SBRK, -DPACK_MALLOC, -DTWO_POT_OPTIMIZE
6668 =item Miscellaneous efficiency enhancements
6672 =item Support for More Operating Systems
6688 use autouse MODULE => qw(sub1 sub2 sub3), use blib, use blib 'dir', use
6689 constant NAME => VALUE, use locale, use ops, use vmsish
6695 =item Required Updates
6697 =item Installation directories
6699 =item Module information summary
6713 =item Object-oriented overrides for builtin operators
6717 =item Utility Changes
6723 Sends converted HTML to standard output
6727 C<void> XSUBs now default to returning nothing
6731 =item C Language API Changes
6733 C<gv_fetchmethod> and C<perl_call_sv>, C<perl_eval_pv>, Extended API for
6736 =item Documentation Changes
6738 L<perldelta>, L<perlfaq>, L<perllocale>, L<perltoot>, L<perlapio>,
6739 L<perlmodlib>, L<perldebug>, L<perlsec>
6741 =item New Diagnostics
6743 "my" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same scope, %s argument is
6744 not a HASH element or slice, Allocation too large: %lx, Allocation too
6745 large, Applying %s to %s will act on scalar(%s), Attempt to free
6746 nonexistent shared string, Attempt to use reference as lvalue in substr,
6747 Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent package, Can't redefine active sort
6748 subroutine %s, Can't use bareword ("%s") as %s ref while "strict refs" in
6749 use, Cannot resolve method `%s' overloading `%s' in package `%s', Constant
6750 subroutine %s redefined, Constant subroutine %s undefined, Copy method did
6751 not return a reference, Died, Exiting pseudo-block via %s, Identifier too
6752 long, Illegal character %s (carriage return), Illegal switch in PERL5OPT:
6753 %s, Integer overflow in hex number, Integer overflow in octal number,
6754 internal error: glob failed, Invalid conversion in %s: "%s", Invalid type
6755 in pack: '%s', Invalid type in unpack: '%s', Name "%s::%s" used only once:
6756 possible typo, Null picture in formline, Offset outside string, Out of
6757 memory!, Out of memory during request for %s, panic: frexp, Possible
6758 attempt to put comments in qw() list, Possible attempt to separate words
6759 with commas, Scalar value @%s{%s} better written as $%s{%s}, Stub found
6760 while resolving method `%s' overloading `%s' in %s, Too late for "B<-T>"
6761 option, untie attempted while %d inner references still exist, Unrecognized
6762 character %s, Unsupported function fork, Use of "$$<digit>" to mean
6763 "${$}<digit>" is deprecated, Value of %s can be "0"; test with defined(),
6764 Variable "%s" may be unavailable, Variable "%s" will not stay shared,
6765 Warning: something's wrong, Ill-formed logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter,
6766 Got an error from DosAllocMem, Malformed PERLLIB_PREFIX, PERL_SH_DIR too
6767 long, Process terminated by SIG%s
6777 =head2 perlaix, README.aix - Perl version 5 on IBM Unix (AIX) systems
6785 =item Compiling Perl 5 on AIX
6789 =item Building Dynamic Extensions on AIX
6791 =item The IBM ANSI C Compiler
6793 =item Using GNU's gcc for building perl
6795 =item Using Large Files with Perl
6801 =item AIX 4.2 and extensions using C++ with statics
6811 =head2 perlapollo, README.apollo - Perl version 5 on Apollo DomainOS
6821 =head2 perlamiga - Perl under Amiga OS
6835 =item Prerequisites for Compiling Perl on AmigaOS
6837 B<Unix emulation for AmigaOS: ixemul.library>, B<Version of Amiga OS>
6839 =item Starting Perl programs under AmigaOS
6841 =item Shortcomings of Perl under AmigaOS
6847 =item Accessing documentation
6851 =item Manpages for Perl on AmigaOS
6853 =item Perl HTML Documentation on AmigaOS
6855 =item Perl GNU Info Files on AmigaOS
6857 =item Perl LaTeX Documentation on AmigaOS
6861 =item BUILDING PERL ON AMIGAOS
6865 =item Build Prerequisites for Perl on AmigaOS
6867 =item Getting the Perl Source for AmigaOS
6869 =item Making Perl on AmigaOS
6871 =item Testing Perl on AmigaOS
6873 =item Installing the built Perl on AmigaOS
6883 =head2 perlbeos, README.beos - Perl version 5 on BeOS
6891 =item General Issues with Perl on BeOS
6893 =item BeOS Release-specific Notes
6897 =item Contact Information
6899 =item Update 2002-03-02
6905 =head2 perlbs2000, README.BS2000 - building and installing Perl for BS2000.
6915 =item gzip on BS2000
6917 =item bison on BS2000
6919 =item Unpacking Perl Distribution on BS2000
6921 =item Compiling Perl on BS2000
6923 =item Testing Perl on BS2000
6925 =item Installing Perl on BS2000
6927 =item Using Perl in the Posix-Shell of BS2000
6929 =item Using Perl in "native" BS2000
6931 =item Floating point anomalies on BS2000
6965 =item Acknowledgements
6971 =head2 perlcygwin, README.cygwin - Perl for Cygwin
6977 =item PREREQUISITES FOR COMPILING PERL ON CYGWIN
6981 =item Cygwin = GNU+Cygnus+Windows (Don't leave UNIX without it)
6983 =item Cygwin Configuration
6985 C<PATH>, I<nroff>, Permissions
6989 =item CONFIGURE PERL ON CYGWIN
6993 =item Stripping Perl Binaries on Cygwin
6995 =item Optional Libraries for Perl on Cygwin
6997 C<-lcrypt>, C<-lgdbm> (C<use GDBM_File>), C<-ldb> (C<use DB_File>),
6998 C<-lcygipc> (C<use IPC::SysV>)
7000 =item Configure-time Options for Perl on Cygwin
7002 C<-Uusedl>, C<-Uusemymalloc>, C<-Uuseperlio>, C<-Dusemultiplicity>,
7003 C<-Duse64bitint>, C<-Duselongdouble>, C<-Dusethreads>, C<-Duselargefiles>,
7006 =item Suspicious Warnings on Cygwin
7008 I<dlsym()>, Win9x and C<d_eofnblk>, Compiler/Preprocessor defines
7012 =item MAKE ON CYGWIN
7016 =item Warnings on Cygwin
7022 =item TEST ON CYGWIN
7026 =item File Permissions on Cygwin
7028 =item Script Portability on Cygwin
7030 Pathnames, Text/Binary, F<.exe>, chown(), Miscellaneous
7034 =item INSTALL PERL ON CYGWIN
7036 =item MANIFEST ON CYGWIN
7038 Documentation, Build, Configure, Make, Install, Tests, Compiled Perl
7039 Source, Compiled Module Source, Perl Modules/Scripts
7041 =item BUGS ON CYGWIN
7049 =head2 perldgux - Perl under DG/UX.
7061 =item BUILDING PERL ON DG/UX
7065 =item Non-threaded Perl on DG/UX
7067 =item Threaded Perl on DG/UX
7069 =item Testing Perl on DG/UX
7071 =item Installing the built perl on DG/UX
7081 =head2 perldos - Perl under DOS, W31, W95.
7091 =item Prerequisites for Compiling Perl on DOS
7095 =item Shortcomings of Perl under DOS
7097 =item Building Perl on DOS
7099 =item Testing Perl on DOS
7101 =item Installation of Perl on DOS
7105 =item BUILDING AND INSTALLING MODULES ON DOS
7109 =item Building Prerequisites for Perl on DOS
7111 =item Unpacking CPAN Modules on DOS
7113 =item Building Non-XS Modules on DOS
7115 =item Building XS Modules on DOS
7125 =head2 perlepoc, README.epoc - Perl for EPOC
7133 =item INSTALLING PERL ON EPOC
7135 =item STARTING PERL ON EPOC
7139 =item Editors on Epoc
7141 =item Features of Perl on Epoc
7143 =item Restrictions of Perl on Epoc
7145 =item Compiling Perl 5 on the EPOC cross compiling environment
7149 =item SUPPORT STATUS OF PERL ON EPOC
7157 =head2 perlhpux, README.hpux - Perl version 5 on Hewlett-Packard Unix
7166 =item Using perl as shipped with HP-UX
7168 =item Compiling Perl 5 on HP-UX
7180 =item Portability Between PA-RISC Versions
7182 =item Itanium Processor Family and HP-UX
7184 =item Building Dynamic Extensions on HP-UX
7186 =item The HP ANSI C Compiler
7188 =item Using Large Files with Perl on HP-UX
7190 =item Threaded Perl on HP-UX
7192 =item 64-bit Perl on HP-UX
7194 =item GDBM and Threads on HP-UX
7196 =item NFS filesystems and utime(2) on HP-UX
7198 =item perl -P and // and HP-UX
7200 =item HP-UX Kernel Parameters (maxdsiz) for Compiling Perl
7204 =item nss_delete core dump from op/pwent or op/grent
7212 =head2 perlhurd, README.hurd - Perl version 5 on Hurd
7220 =item Known Problems with Perl on Hurd
7228 =head2 perlmachten, README.machten - Perl version 5 on Power MachTen
7237 =item Compiling Perl 5 on MachTen
7239 =item Failures during C<make test> on MachTen
7241 op/lexassign.t, pragma/warnings.t
7243 =item Building external modules on MachTen
7253 =head2 perlmacos, README.macos - Perl under Mac OS (Classic)
7267 =head2 perlmint, README.mint - Perl version 5 on Atari MiNT
7273 =item Known problems with Perl on MiNT
7279 =head2 perlmpeix, README.mpeix - Perl/iX for HP e3000 MPE
7287 =item Binary distribution from HP
7289 =item What's New in Perl for MPE/iX
7291 =item Welcome to Perl/iX
7293 =item System Requirements for Perl/iX
7295 =item How to Obtain Perl/iX
7297 =item Perl/iX Distribution Contents Highlights
7299 README, INSTALL, LIBSHP3K, PERL, .cpan/, lib/, man/,
7300 public_html/feedback.cgi, src/perl-5.6.0-mpe
7302 =item How to Compile Perl/iX
7306 =item Getting Started with Perl/iX
7308 =item MPE/iX Implementation Considerations
7310 =item Known Perl/iX Bugs Under Investigation
7312 =item Perl/iX To-Do List
7314 =item Perl/iX Change History
7330 Buildtype.bat, SetNWBld.bat, MPKBuild.bat
7342 =item Build new extensions
7346 =item Acknowledgements
7354 =head2 perlos2 - Perl under OS/2, DOS, Win0.3*, Win0.95 and WinNT.
7374 EMX, RSX, HPFS, pdksh
7376 =item Starting Perl programs under OS/2 (and DOS and...)
7378 =item Starting OS/2 (and DOS) programs under Perl
7382 =item Frequently asked questions
7386 =item "It does not work"
7388 =item I cannot run external programs
7390 =item I cannot embed perl into my program, or use F<perl.dll> from my
7393 Is your program EMX-compiled with C<-Zmt -Zcrtdll>?, Did you use
7396 =item C<``> and pipe-C<open> do not work under DOS.
7398 =item Cannot start C<find.exe "pattern" file>
7406 =item Automatic binary installation
7408 C<PERL_BADLANG>, C<PERL_BADFREE>, F<Config.pm>
7410 =item Manual binary installation
7412 Perl VIO and PM executables (dynamically linked), Perl_ VIO executable
7413 (statically linked), Executables for Perl utilities, Main Perl library,
7414 Additional Perl modules, Tools to compile Perl modules, Manpages for Perl
7415 and utilities, Manpages for Perl modules, Source for Perl documentation,
7416 Perl manual in F<.INF> format, Pdksh
7422 =item Accessing documentation
7426 =item OS/2 F<.INF> file
7434 =item GNU C<info> files
7446 =item The short story
7450 =item Getting perl source
7452 =item Application of the patches
7460 A lot of C<bad free>, Process terminated by SIGTERM/SIGINT, F<op/fs.t>,
7463 =item Installing the built perl
7465 =item C<a.out>-style build
7473 =item Some C</> became C<\> in pdksh.
7475 =item C<'errno'> - unresolved external
7477 =item Problems with tr or sed
7479 =item Some problem (forget which ;-)
7481 =item Library ... not found
7483 =item Segfault in make
7485 =item op/sprintf test failure
7489 =item Specific (mis)features of OS/2 port
7493 =item C<setpriority>, C<getpriority>
7497 =item C<extproc> on the first line
7499 =item Additional modules:
7501 =item Prebuilt methods:
7503 C<File::Copy::syscopy>, C<DynaLoader::mod2fname>, C<Cwd::current_drive()>,
7504 C<Cwd::sys_chdir(name)>, C<Cwd::change_drive(name)>,
7505 C<Cwd::sys_is_absolute(name)>, C<Cwd::sys_is_rooted(name)>,
7506 C<Cwd::sys_is_relative(name)>, C<Cwd::sys_cwd(name)>,
7507 C<Cwd::sys_abspath(name, dir)>, C<Cwd::extLibpath([type])>,
7508 C<Cwd::extLibpath_set( path [, type ] )>,
7509 C<OS2::Error(do_harderror,do_exception)>, C<OS2::Errors2Drive(drive)>,
7510 OS2::SysInfo(), OS2::BootDrive(), C<OS2::MorphPM(serve)>,
7511 C<OS2::UnMorphPM(serve)>, C<OS2::Serve_Messages(force)>,
7512 C<OS2::Process_Messages(force [, cnt])>, C<OS2::_control87(new,mask)>,
7513 OS2::get_control87(), C<OS2::set_control87_em(new=MCW_EM,mask=MCW_EM)>
7515 =item Prebuilt variables:
7517 $OS2::emx_rev, $OS2::emx_env, $OS2::os_ver
7523 C<popen>, C<tmpnam>, C<tmpfile>, C<ctermid>, C<stat>, C<mkdir>, C<rmdir>,
7526 =item Identifying DLLs
7528 =item Centralized management of resources
7544 =item F<perl___.exe>
7546 =item Why strange names?
7548 =item Why dynamic linking?
7550 =item Why chimera build?
7558 =item C<PERLLIB_PREFIX>
7560 =item C<PERL_BADLANG>
7562 =item C<PERL_BADFREE>
7564 =item C<PERL_SH_DIR>
7566 =item C<USE_PERL_FLOCK>
7568 =item C<TMP> or C<TEMP>
7578 =item DLL name mangling: pre 5.6.2
7580 =item DLL name mangling: 5.6.2 and beyond
7582 Global DLLs, specific DLLs, C<BEGINLIBPATH> and C<ENDLIBPATH>, F<.> from
7585 =item DLL forwarder generation
7589 =item Calls to external programs
7591 =item Memory allocation
7595 C<COND_WAIT>, F<os2.c>
7611 =head2 perlos390, README.os390 - building and installing Perl for OS/390
7624 =item Unpacking Perl distribution on OS/390
7626 =item Setup and utilities for Perl on OS/390
7628 =item Configure Perl on OS/390
7630 =item Build, Test, Install Perl on OS/390
7632 =item Build Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
7634 =item Testing Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
7636 =item Installation Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
7638 =item Usage Hints for Perl on OS/390
7640 =item Floating Point Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
7642 =item Modules and Extensions for Perl on OS/390
7652 =item Mailing list for Perl on OS/390
7660 =head2 perlqnx, README.qnx - Perl version 5 on QNX
7668 =item Required Software for Compiling Perl on QNX4
7670 /bin/sh, ar, nm, cpp, make
7672 =item Outstanding Issues with Perl on QNX4
7674 =item QNX auxiliary files
7678 =item Outstanding issues with perl under QNX6
7686 =head2 perlplan9 - Plan 9-specific documentation for Perl
7696 =item What's in Plan 9 Perl
7698 =item What's not in Plan 9 Perl
7700 =item Perl5 Functions not currently supported in Plan 9 Perl
7702 =item Signals in Plan 9 Perl
7706 =item COMPILING AND INSTALLING PERL ON PLAN 9
7710 =item Installing Perl Documentation on Plan 9
7722 =head2 perlsolaris, README.solaris - Perl version 5 on Solaris systems
7730 =item Solaris Version Numbers.
7736 Solaris FAQ, Precompiled Binaries, Solaris Documentation
7742 =item File Extraction Problems on Solaris.
7744 =item Compiler and Related Tools on Solaris.
7746 =item Environment for Compiling Perl on Solaris
7750 =item RUN CONFIGURE.
7754 =item 64-bit Issues with Perl on Solaris.
7756 =item Threads in Perl on Solaris.
7758 =item Malloc Issues with Perl on Solaris.
7762 =item MAKE PROBLEMS.
7764 Dynamic Loading Problems With GNU as and GNU ld, ld.so.1: ./perl: fatal:
7765 relocation error:, dlopen: stub interception failed, #error "No
7766 DATAMODEL_NATIVE specified", sh: ar: not found
7772 =item op/stat.t test 4 in Solaris
7774 =item nss_delete core dump from op/pwent or op/grent
7778 =item PREBUILT BINARIES OF PERL FOR SOLARIS.
7780 =item RUNTIME ISSUES FOR PERL ON SOLARIS.
7784 =item Limits on Numbers of Open Files on Solaris.
7788 =item SOLARIS-SPECIFIC MODULES.
7790 =item SOLARIS-SPECIFIC PROBLEMS WITH MODULES.
7794 =item Proc::ProcessTable on Solaris
7796 =item BSD::Resource on Solaris
7798 =item Net::SSLeay on Solaris
7808 =head2 perltru64, README.tru64 - Perl version 5 on Tru64 (formerly known as
7809 Digital UNIX formerly known as DEC OSF/1) systems
7817 =item Compiling Perl 5 on Tru64
7819 =item Using Large Files with Perl on Tru64
7821 =item Threaded Perl on Tru64
7823 =item Long Doubles on Tru64
7825 =item 64-bit Perl on Tru64
7827 =item Warnings about floating-point overflow when compiling Perl on Tru64
7831 =item Testing Perl on Tru64
7833 =item ext/ODBM_File/odbm Test Failing With Static Builds
7839 =head2 perluts - Perl under UTS
7847 =item BUILDING PERL ON UTS
7849 =item Installing the built perl on UTS
7855 =head2 perlvmesa, README.vmesa - building and installing Perl for VM/ESA.
7865 =item Unpacking Perl Distribution on VM/ESA
7867 =item Setup Perl and utilities on VM/ESA
7869 =item Configure Perl on VM/ESA
7871 =item Testing Anomalies of Perl on VM/ESA
7873 =item Usage Hints for Perl on VM/ESA
7883 =item Mailing list for Perl on VM/ESA
7889 =head2 perlvms - VMS-specific documentation for Perl
7897 =item Organization of Perl Images
7903 =item Perl Extensions
7905 =item Installing static extensions
7907 =item Installing dynamic extensions
7911 =item File specifications
7917 =item Wildcard expansion
7923 =item PERL5LIB and PERLLIB
7929 =item I/O redirection and backgrounding
7931 =item Command line switches
7937 =item Perl functions
7939 File tests, backticks, binmode FILEHANDLE, crypt PLAINTEXT, USER, dump,
7940 exec LIST, fork, getpwent, getpwnam, getpwuid, gmtime, kill, qx//, select
7941 (system call), stat EXPR, system LIST, time, times, unlink LIST, utime
7942 LIST, waitpid PID,FLAGS
7944 =item Perl variables
7946 %ENV, CRTL_ENV, CLISYM_[LOCAL], Any other string, $!, $^E, $?, $|
7948 =item Standard modules with VMS-specific differences
7962 =head2 perlvos, README.vos - Perl for Stratus VOS
7970 =item Multiple methods to build perl for VOS
7972 =item Stratus POSIX Support
7976 =item INSTALLING PERL IN VOS
7980 =item Compiling Perl 5 on VOS
7982 =item Installing Perl 5 on VOS
7986 =item USING PERL IN VOS
7990 =item Unimplemented Features of Perl on VOS
7992 =item Restrictions of Perl on VOS
7996 =item SUPPORT STATUS
8004 =head2 perlwin32 - Perl under Win32
8014 =item Setting Up Perl on Win32
8016 Make, Command Shell, Borland C++, Microsoft Visual C++, Mingw32 with GCC
8020 =item Testing Perl on Win32
8022 =item Installation of Perl on Win32
8024 =item Usage Hints for Perl on Win32
8026 Environment Variables, File Globbing, Using perl from the command line,
8027 Building Extensions, Command-line Wildcard Expansion, Win32 Specific
8028 Extensions, Running Perl Scripts, Miscellaneous Things
8032 =item BUGS AND CAVEATS
8036 Gary Ng E<lt>71564.1743@CompuServe.COME<gt>, Gurusamy Sarathy
8037 E<lt>gsar@activestate.comE<gt>, Nick Ing-Simmons
8038 E<lt>nick@ing-simmons.netE<gt>
8046 =head1 PRAGMA DOCUMENTATION
8048 =head2 attrs - set/get attributes of a subroutine (deprecated)
8060 =head2 re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour
8070 =head2 threadshared::shared, threads::shared - Perl extension for sharing
8071 data structures between threads
8083 share VARIABLE, lock VARIABLE, unlock VARIABLE, cond_wait VARIABLE,
8084 cond_signal VARIABLE, cond_broadcast VARIABLE
8096 =head2 threads - Perl extension allowing use of interpreter based threads
8105 $thread = threads->create(function, LIST), $thread->join, $thread->detach,
8106 threads->self, $thread->tid
8110 Cleanup skipped %d active threads
8114 Fix so the return value is returned when you join, Add join_all, Fix memory
8117 =item AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT
8121 creating a thread from within a thread is unsafe under win32,
8122 PERL_OLD_SIGNALS are not threadsafe, will not be
8128 =head2 attributes - get/set subroutine or variable attributes
8138 =item Built-in Attributes
8140 locked, method, lvalue
8142 =item Available Subroutines
8146 =item Package-specific Attribute Handling
8148 FETCH_I<type>_ATTRIBUTES, MODIFY_I<type>_ATTRIBUTES
8150 =item Syntax of Attribute Lists
8158 =item Default exports
8160 =item Available exports
8162 =item Export tags defined
8172 =head2 attrs - set/get attributes of a subroutine (deprecated)
8184 =head2 autouse - postpone load of modules until a function is used
8200 =head2 base - Establish IS-A relationship with base class at compile time
8214 =head2 bigint - Transparent big integer support for Perl
8226 a or accuracy, p or precision, t or trace, l or lib, v or version
8230 =item INTERNAL FORMAT
8250 =head2 bignum - Transparent BigNumber support for Perl
8262 a or accuracy, p or precision, t or trace, l or lib, v or version
8266 =item INTERNAL FORMAT
8286 =head2 bigrat - Transparent BigNumber/BigRational support for Perl
8308 perl -Mbigrat -le 'print sqrt(33)'
8309 perl -Mbigrat -le 'print 2*255'
8310 perl -Mbigrat -le 'print 4.5+2*255'
8311 perl -Mbigrat -le 'print 3/7 + 5/7 + 8/3'
8312 perl -Mbigrat -le 'print 12->is_odd()';
8322 =head2 blib - Use MakeMaker's uninstalled version of a package
8336 =head2 bytes - Perl pragma to force byte semantics rather than character
8349 =head2 charnames - define character names for C<\N{named}> string literal
8358 =item CUSTOM TRANSLATORS
8360 =item charnames::viacode(code)
8362 =item charnames::vianame(code)
8366 =item ILLEGAL CHARACTERS
8372 =head2 constant - Perl pragma to declare constants
8384 =item List constants
8386 =item Defining multiple constants at once
8388 =item Magic constants
8392 =item TECHNICAL NOTES
8402 =head2 diagnostics - Perl compiler pragma to force verbose warning
8413 =item The C<diagnostics> Pragma
8415 =item The I<splain> Program
8429 =head2 encoding - allows you to write your script in non-asii or non-utf8
8439 use encoding [I<ENCNAME>] ;, use encoding I<ENCNAME> [ STDIN =E<gt>
8440 I<ENCNAME_IN> ...] ;, no encoding;
8448 =item DO NOT MIX MULTIPLE ENCODINGS
8452 =item NON-ASCII Identifiers and Filter option
8454 use encoding I<ENCNAME> Filter=E<gt>1;
8456 =item EXAMPLE - Greekperl
8458 =item KNOWN PROBLEMS
8464 =head2 fields - compile-time class fields
8478 =head2 filetest - Perl pragma to control the filetest permission operators
8488 =item subpragma access
8494 =head2 if - C<use> a Perl module if a condition holds
8508 =head2 integer - Perl pragma to use integer arithmetic instead of floating
8519 =head2 less - perl pragma to request less of something from the compiler
8529 =head2 lib - manipulate @INC at compile time
8539 =item Adding directories to @INC
8541 =item Deleting directories from @INC
8543 =item Restoring original @INC
8555 =head2 locale - Perl pragma to use and avoid POSIX locales for built-in
8566 =head2 open - perl pragma to set default disciplines for input and output
8574 =item NONPERLIO FUNCTIONALITY
8576 =item IMPLEMENTATION DETAILS
8582 =head2 ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when compiling
8594 =head2 overload - Package for overloading perl operations
8604 =item Declaration of overloaded functions
8606 =item Calling Conventions for Binary Operations
8608 FALSE, TRUE, C<undef>
8610 =item Calling Conventions for Unary Operations
8612 =item Calling Conventions for Mutators
8614 C<++> and C<-->, C<x=> and other assignment versions
8616 =item Overloadable Operations
8618 I<Arithmetic operations>, I<Comparison operations>, I<Bit operations>,
8619 I<Increment and decrement>, I<Transcendental functions>, I<Boolean, string
8620 and numeric conversion>, I<Iteration>, I<Dereferencing>, I<Special>
8622 =item Inheritance and overloading
8624 Strings as values of C<use overload> directive, Overloading of an operation
8625 is inherited by derived classes
8629 =item SPECIAL SYMBOLS FOR C<use overload>
8637 C<undef>, TRUE, defined, but FALSE
8639 =item Copy Constructor
8645 =item MAGIC AUTOGENERATION
8647 I<Assignment forms of arithmetic operations>, I<Conversion operations>,
8648 I<Increment and decrement>, C<abs($a)>, I<Unary minus>, I<Negation>,
8649 I<Concatenation>, I<Comparison operations>, I<Iterator>, I<Dereferencing>,
8652 =item Losing overloading
8654 =item Run-time Overloading
8656 =item Public functions
8658 overload::StrVal(arg), overload::Overloaded(arg), overload::Method(obj,op)
8660 =item Overloading constants
8662 integer, float, binary, q, qr
8664 =item IMPLEMENTATION
8666 =item Metaphor clash
8672 =item Two-face scalars
8674 =item Two-face references
8676 =item Symbolic calculator
8678 =item I<Really> symbolic calculator
8686 Odd number of arguments for overload::constant, `%s' is not an overloadable
8687 type, `%s' is not a code reference
8693 =head2 re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour
8703 =head2 sigtrap - Perl pragma to enable simple signal handling
8715 =item SIGNAL HANDLERS
8717 B<stack-trace>, B<die>, B<handler> I<your-handler>
8721 B<normal-signals>, B<error-signals>, B<old-interface-signals>
8725 B<untrapped>, B<any>, I<signal>, I<number>
8733 =head2 sort - perl pragma to control sort() behaviour
8745 =head2 strict - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe constructs
8753 C<strict refs>, C<strict vars>, C<strict subs>
8757 =head2 subs - Perl pragma to predeclare sub names
8767 =head2 threads - Perl extension allowing use of interpreter based threads
8776 $thread = threads->create(function, LIST), $thread->join, $thread->detach,
8777 threads->self, $thread->tid
8781 Cleanup skipped %d active threads
8785 Fix so the return value is returned when you join, Add join_all, Fix memory
8788 =item AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT
8792 creating a thread from within a thread is unsafe under win32,
8793 PERL_OLD_SIGNALS are not threadsafe, will not be
8799 =head2 threadshared, threads::shared - Perl extension for sharing data
8800 structures between threads
8812 share VARIABLE, lock VARIABLE, unlock VARIABLE, cond_wait VARIABLE,
8813 cond_signal VARIABLE, cond_broadcast VARIABLE
8825 =head2 utf8 - Perl pragma to enable/disable UTF-8 (or UTF-EBCDIC) in source
8836 =item Utility functions
8838 $num_octets = utf8::upgrade($string);, utf8::downgrade($string[, FAIL_OK]),
8839 utf8::encode($string), $flag = utf8::decode($string), $flag =
8848 =head2 vars - Perl pragma to predeclare global variable names (obsolete)
8858 =head2 vmsish - Perl pragma to control VMS-specific language features
8866 C<vmsish status>, C<vmsish exit>, C<vmsish time>, C<vmsish hushed>
8870 =head2 warnings - Perl pragma to control optional warnings
8878 use warnings::register, warnings::enabled(), warnings::enabled($category),
8879 warnings::enabled($object), warnings::warn($message),
8880 warnings::warn($category, $message), warnings::warn($object, $message),
8881 warnings::warnif($message), warnings::warnif($category, $message),
8882 warnings::warnif($object, $message)
8886 =head2 warnings::register - warnings import function
8896 =head1 MODULE DOCUMENTATION
8898 =head2 AnyDBM_File - provide framework for multiple DBMs
8908 =item DBM Comparisons
8918 =head2 Attribute::Handlers - Simpler definition of attribute handlers
8928 [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5]
8932 =item Typed lexicals
8934 =item Type-specific attribute handlers
8936 =item Non-interpretive attribute handlers
8938 =item Phase-specific attribute handlers
8940 =item Attributes as C<tie> interfaces
8948 C<Bad attribute type: ATTR(%s)>, C<Attribute handler %s doesn't handle %s
8949 attributes>, C<Declaration of %s attribute in package %s may clash with
8950 future reserved word>, C<Can't have two ATTR specifiers on one subroutine>,
8951 C<Can't autotie a %s>, C<Internal error: %s symbol went missing>, C<Won't
8952 be able to apply END handler>
8962 =head2 AutoLoader - load subroutines only on demand
8972 =item Subroutine Stubs
8974 =item Using B<AutoLoader>'s AUTOLOAD Subroutine
8976 =item Overriding B<AutoLoader>'s AUTOLOAD Subroutine
8978 =item Package Lexicals
8980 =item Not Using AutoLoader
8982 =item B<AutoLoader> vs. B<SelfLoader>
8992 =head2 AutoSplit - split a package for autoloading
9000 $keep, $check, $modtime
9004 =item Multiple packages
9012 =head2 B - The Perl Compiler
9020 =item OVERVIEW OF CLASSES
9024 =item SV-RELATED CLASSES
9032 IV, IVX, UVX, int_value, needs64bits, packiv
9046 =item B::PVMG METHODS
9050 =item B::MAGIC METHODS
9052 MOREMAGIC, precomp, PRIVATE, TYPE, FLAGS, OBJ, PTR, REGEX
9054 =item B::PVLV METHODS
9056 TARGOFF, TARGLEN, TYPE, TARG
9060 USEFUL, PREVIOUS, RARE, TABLE
9064 is_empty, NAME, SAFENAME, STASH, SV, IO, FORM, AV, HV, EGV, CV, CVGEN,
9065 LINE, FILE, FILEGV, GvREFCNT, FLAGS
9069 LINES, PAGE, PAGE_LEN, LINES_LEFT, TOP_NAME, TOP_GV, FMT_NAME, FMT_GV,
9070 BOTTOM_NAME, BOTTOM_GV, SUBPROCESS, IoTYPE, IoFLAGS, IsSTD
9074 FILL, MAX, OFF, ARRAY, AvFLAGS
9078 STASH, START, ROOT, GV, FILE, DEPTH, PADLIST, OUTSIDE, XSUB, XSUBANY,
9083 FILL, MAX, KEYS, RITER, NAME, PMROOT, ARRAY
9085 =item OP-RELATED CLASSES
9089 next, sibling, name, ppaddr, desc, targ, type, seq, flags, private
9091 =item B::UNOP METHOD
9095 =item B::BINOP METHOD
9099 =item B::LOGOP METHOD
9103 =item B::LISTOP METHOD
9107 =item B::PMOP METHODS
9109 pmreplroot, pmreplstart, pmnext, pmregexp, pmflags, pmdynflags,
9110 pmpermflags, precomp, pmoffet
9112 =item B::SVOP METHOD
9116 =item B::PADOP METHOD
9120 =item B::PVOP METHOD
9124 =item B::LOOP METHODS
9126 redoop, nextop, lastop
9128 =item B::COP METHODS
9130 label, stash, file, cop_seq, arybase, line
9134 =item FUNCTIONS EXPORTED BY C<B>
9136 main_cv, init_av, begin_av, end_av, main_root, main_start, comppadlist,
9137 regex_padav, sv_undef, sv_yes, sv_no, amagic_generation, walkoptree(OP,
9138 METHOD), walkoptree_debug(DEBUG), walksymtable(SYMREF, METHOD, RECURSE,
9139 PREFIX), svref_2object(SV), ppname(OPNUM), hash(STR), cast_I32(I), minus_c,
9140 cstring(STR), perlstring(STR), class(OBJ), threadsv_names
9146 =head2 B::Asmdata - Autogenerated data about Perl ops, used to generate
9155 %insn_data, @insn_name, @optype, @specialsv_name
9161 =head2 B::Assembler - Assemble Perl bytecode
9173 =head2 B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks
9193 =head2 B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend
9203 B<-ofilename>, B<-afilename>, B<-->, B<-f>, B<-fcompress-nullops>,
9204 B<-fomit-sequence-numbers>, B<-fbypass-nullops>, B<-On>, B<-D>, B<-Do>,
9205 B<-Db>, B<-Da>, B<-DC>, B<-S>, B<-upackage>
9215 =head2 B::C - Perl compiler's C backend
9225 B<-ofilename>, B<-v>, B<-->, B<-uPackname>, B<-D>, B<-Do>, B<-Dc>, B<-DA>,
9226 B<-DC>, B<-DM>, B<-f>, B<-fcog>, B<-fsave-data>, B<-fppaddr>, B<-fwarn-sv>,
9227 B<-fuse-script-name>, B<-fsave-sig-hash>, B<-On>, B<-O0>, B<-O1>, B<-O2>,
9238 =head2 B::CC - Perl compiler's optimized C translation backend
9248 B<-ofilename>, B<-v>, B<-->, B<-uPackname>, B<-mModulename>, B<-D>, B<-Dr>,
9249 B<-DO>, B<-Ds>, B<-Dp>, B<-Dq>, B<-Dl>, B<-Dt>, B<-f>,
9250 B<-ffreetmps-each-bblock>, B<-ffreetmps-each-loop>, B<-fomit-taint>, B<-On>
9262 =item Context of ".."
9266 =item Deprecated features
9274 =head2 B::Concise - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing concise info about ops
9286 B<-basic>, B<-exec>, B<-tree>, B<-compact>, B<-loose>, B<-vt>, B<-ascii>,
9287 B<-main>, B<-base>I<n>, B<-bigendian>, B<-littleendian>, B<-concise>,
9288 B<-terse>, B<-linenoise>, B<-debug>, B<-env>
9290 =item FORMATTING SPECIFICATIONS
9292 B<(x(>I<exec_text>B<;>I<basic_text>B<)x)>, B<(*(>I<text>B<)*)>,
9293 B<(*(>I<text1>B<;>I<text2>B<)*)>, B<(?(>I<text1>B<#>I<var>I<Text2>B<)?)>,
9294 B<#>I<var>, B<#>I<var>I<N>, B<~>, B<#addr>, B<#arg>, B<#class>,
9295 B<#classsym>, B<#coplabel>, B<#exname>, B<#extarg>, B<#firstaddr>,
9296 B<#flags>, B<#flagval>, B<#hyphseq>, B<#label>, B<#lastaddr>, B<#name>,
9297 B<#NAME>, B<#next>, B<#nextaddr>, B<#noise>, B<#private>, B<#privval>,
9298 B<#seq>, B<#seqnum>, B<#sibaddr>, B<#svaddr>, B<#svclass>, B<#svval>,
9299 B<#targ>, B<#targarg>, B<#targarglife>, B<#typenum>
9305 =item OP flags abbreviations
9307 =item OP class abbreviations
9311 =item Using B::Concise outside of the O framework
9317 =head2 B::Debug - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing debug info about ops
9329 =head2 B::Deparse - Perl compiler backend to produce perl code
9339 B<-l>, B<-p>, B<-P>, B<-q>, B<-f>I<FILE>, B<-s>I<LETTERS>, B<C>,
9340 B<i>I<NUMBER>, B<T>, B<v>I<STRING>B<.>, B<-x>I<LEVEL>
9342 =item USING B::Deparse AS A MODULE
9352 =item ambient_pragmas
9354 strict, $[, bytes, utf8, integer, re, warnings, hint_bits, warning_bits
9366 =head2 B::Disassembler - Disassemble Perl bytecode
9378 =head2 B::Lint - Perl lint
9386 =item OPTIONS AND LINT CHECKS
9388 B<context>, B<implicit-read> and B<implicit-write>, B<dollar-underscore>,
9389 B<private-names>, B<undefined-subs>, B<regexp-variables>, B<all>, B<none>
9391 =item NON LINT-CHECK OPTIONS
9401 =head2 B::O, O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends
9411 =item IMPLEMENTATION
9417 =head2 B::Showlex - Show lexical variables used in functions or files
9429 =head2 B::Stackobj - Helper module for CC backend
9441 =head2 B::Stash - show what stashes are loaded
9443 =head2 B::Terse - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing terse info about ops
9455 =head2 B::Xref - Generates cross reference reports for Perl programs
9465 C<-oFILENAME>, C<-r>, C<-d>, C<-D[tO]>
9473 =head2 Bblock, B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks
9493 =head2 Benchmark - benchmark running times of Perl code
9507 =item Standard Exports
9509 timeit(COUNT, CODE), timethis ( COUNT, CODE, [ TITLE, [ STYLE ]] ),
9510 timethese ( COUNT, CODEHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), timediff ( T1, T2 ), timestr (
9511 TIMEDIFF, [ STYLE, [ FORMAT ] ] )
9513 =item Optional Exports
9515 clearcache ( COUNT ), clearallcache ( ), cmpthese ( COUT, CODEHASHREF, [
9516 STYLE ] ), cmpthese ( RESULTSHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), countit(TIME, CODE),
9517 disablecache ( ), enablecache ( ), timesum ( T1, T2 )
9533 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
9537 =head2 ByteLoader - load byte compiled perl code
9551 =head2 Bytecode, B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend
9561 B<-ofilename>, B<-afilename>, B<-->, B<-f>, B<-fcompress-nullops>,
9562 B<-fomit-sequence-numbers>, B<-fbypass-nullops>, B<-On>, B<-D>, B<-Do>,
9563 B<-Db>, B<-Da>, B<-DC>, B<-S>, B<-upackage>
9573 =head2 CGI - Simple Common Gateway Interface Class
9585 =item PROGRAMMING STYLE
9587 =item CALLING CGI.PM ROUTINES
9589 =item CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT (OBJECT-ORIENTED STYLE):
9591 =item CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT FROM AN INPUT FILE
9593 =item FETCHING A LIST OF KEYWORDS FROM THE QUERY:
9595 =item FETCHING THE NAMES OF ALL THE PARAMETERS PASSED TO YOUR SCRIPT:
9597 =item FETCHING THE VALUE OR VALUES OF A SINGLE NAMED PARAMETER:
9599 =item SETTING THE VALUE(S) OF A NAMED PARAMETER:
9601 =item APPENDING ADDITIONAL VALUES TO A NAMED PARAMETER:
9603 =item IMPORTING ALL PARAMETERS INTO A NAMESPACE:
9605 =item DELETING A PARAMETER COMPLETELY:
9607 =item DELETING ALL PARAMETERS:
9609 =item DIRECT ACCESS TO THE PARAMETER LIST:
9611 =item FETCHING THE PARAMETER LIST AS A HASH:
9613 =item SAVING THE STATE OF THE SCRIPT TO A FILE:
9615 =item RETRIEVING CGI ERRORS
9617 =item USING THE FUNCTION-ORIENTED INTERFACE
9619 B<:cgi>, B<:form>, B<:html2>, B<:html3>, B<:html4>, B<:netscape>, B<:html>,
9620 B<:standard>, B<:all>
9624 -any, -compile, -nosticky, -no_undef_params, -no_xhtml, -nph,
9625 -newstyle_urls, -oldstyle_urls, -autoload, -no_debug, -debug,
9628 =item SPECIAL FORMS FOR IMPORTING HTML-TAG FUNCTIONS
9630 1. start_table() (generates a <table> tag), 2. end_table() (generates a
9631 </table> tag), 3. start_ul() (generates a <ul> tag), 4. end_ul() (generates
9636 =item GENERATING DYNAMIC DOCUMENTS
9640 =item CREATING A STANDARD HTTP HEADER:
9642 =item GENERATING A REDIRECTION HEADER
9644 =item CREATING THE HTML DOCUMENT HEADER
9646 B<Parameters:>, 4, 5, 6..
9648 =item ENDING THE HTML DOCUMENT:
9650 =item CREATING A SELF-REFERENCING URL THAT PRESERVES STATE INFORMATION:
9652 =item OBTAINING THE SCRIPT'S URL
9654 B<-absolute>, B<-relative>, B<-full>, B<-path> (B<-path_info>), B<-query>
9655 (B<-query_string>), B<-base>
9657 =item MIXING POST AND URL PARAMETERS
9661 =item CREATING STANDARD HTML ELEMENTS:
9665 =item PROVIDING ARGUMENTS TO HTML SHORTCUTS
9667 =item THE DISTRIBUTIVE PROPERTY OF HTML SHORTCUTS
9669 =item HTML SHORTCUTS AND LIST INTERPOLATION
9671 =item NON-STANDARD HTML SHORTCUTS
9673 =item AUTOESCAPING HTML
9675 $escaped_string = escapeHTML("unescaped string");, $charset =
9676 charset([$charset]);, $flag = autoEscape([$flag]);
9678 =item PRETTY-PRINTING HTML
9682 =item CREATING FILL-OUT FORMS:
9686 =item CREATING AN ISINDEX TAG
9688 =item STARTING AND ENDING A FORM
9690 B<application/x-www-form-urlencoded>, B<multipart/form-data>
9692 =item CREATING A TEXT FIELD
9696 =item CREATING A BIG TEXT FIELD
9698 =item CREATING A PASSWORD FIELD
9700 =item CREATING A FILE UPLOAD FIELD
9704 =item CREATING A POPUP MENU
9706 =item CREATING A SCROLLING LIST
9710 =item CREATING A GROUP OF RELATED CHECKBOXES
9714 =item CREATING A STANDALONE CHECKBOX
9718 =item CREATING A RADIO BUTTON GROUP
9722 =item CREATING A SUBMIT BUTTON
9726 =item CREATING A RESET BUTTON
9728 =item CREATING A DEFAULT BUTTON
9730 =item CREATING A HIDDEN FIELD
9734 =item CREATING A CLICKABLE IMAGE BUTTON
9738 =item CREATING A JAVASCRIPT ACTION BUTTON
9744 1. an expiration time, 2. a domain, 3. a path, 4. a "secure" flag,
9745 B<-name>, B<-value>, B<-path>, B<-domain>, B<-expires>, B<-secure>
9747 =item WORKING WITH FRAMES
9749 1. Create a <Frameset> document, 2. Specify the destination for the
9750 document in the HTTP header, 3. Specify the destination for the document in
9753 =item LIMITED SUPPORT FOR CASCADING STYLE SHEETS
9759 =item DUMPING OUT ALL THE NAME/VALUE PAIRS
9763 =item FETCHING ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
9765 B<Accept()>, B<raw_cookie()>, B<user_agent()>, B<path_info()>,
9766 B<path_translated()>, B<remote_host()>, B<script_name()>, B<referer()>,
9767 B<auth_type ()>, B<server_name ()>, B<virtual_host ()>, B<server_port ()>,
9768 B<server_software ()>, B<remote_user ()>, B<user_name ()>,
9769 B<request_method()>, B<content_type()>, B<http()>, B<https()>
9771 =item USING NPH SCRIPTS
9773 In the B<use> statement, By calling the B<nph()> method:, By using B<-nph>
9778 multipart_init(), multipart_start(), multipart_end(), multipart_final()
9780 =item Avoiding Denial of Service Attacks
9782 B<$CGI::POST_MAX>, B<$CGI::DISABLE_UPLOADS>, B<1. On a script-by-script
9783 basis>, B<2. Globally for all scripts>
9785 =item COMPATIBILITY WITH CGI-LIB.PL
9787 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
9791 Matt Heffron (heffron@falstaff.css.beckman.com), James Taylor
9792 (james.taylor@srs.gov), Scott Anguish <sanguish@digifix.com>, Mike Jewell
9793 (mlj3u@virginia.edu), Timothy Shimmin (tes@kbs.citri.edu.au), Joergen Haegg
9794 (jh@axis.se), Laurent Delfosse (delfosse@delfosse.com), Richard Resnick
9795 (applepi1@aol.com), Craig Bishop (csb@barwonwater.vic.gov.au), Tony Curtis
9796 (tc@vcpc.univie.ac.at), Tim Bunce (Tim.Bunce@ig.co.uk), Tom Christiansen
9797 (tchrist@convex.com), Andreas Koenig (k@franz.ww.TU-Berlin.DE), Tim
9798 MacKenzie (Tim.MacKenzie@fulcrum.com.au), Kevin B. Hendricks
9799 (kbhend@dogwood.tyler.wm.edu), Stephen Dahmen (joyfire@inxpress.net), Ed
9800 Jordan (ed@fidalgo.net), David Alan Pisoni (david@cnation.com), Doug
9801 MacEachern (dougm@opengroup.org), Robin Houston (robin@oneworld.org),
9802 ...and many many more..
9804 =item A COMPLETE EXAMPLE OF A SIMPLE FORM-BASED SCRIPT
9812 =head2 CGI::Apache - Backward compatibility module for CGI.pm
9822 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
9830 =head2 CGI::Carp, B<CGI::Carp> - CGI routines for writing to the HTTPD (or
9839 =item REDIRECTING ERROR MESSAGES
9841 =item MAKING PERL ERRORS APPEAR IN THE BROWSER WINDOW
9845 =item Changing the default message
9849 =item MAKING WARNINGS APPEAR AS HTML COMMENTS
9859 =head2 CGI::Cookie - Interface to Netscape Cookies
9867 =item USING CGI::Cookie
9869 B<1. expiration date>, B<2. domain>, B<3. path>, B<4. secure flag>
9873 =item Creating New Cookies
9875 =item Sending the Cookie to the Browser
9877 =item Recovering Previous Cookies
9879 =item Manipulating Cookies
9881 B<name()>, B<value()>, B<domain()>, B<path()>, B<expires()>
9885 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
9893 =head2 CGI::Fast - CGI Interface for Fast CGI
9901 =item OTHER PIECES OF THE PUZZLE
9903 =item WRITING FASTCGI PERL SCRIPTS
9905 =item INSTALLING FASTCGI SCRIPTS
9907 =item USING FASTCGI SCRIPTS AS CGI SCRIPTS
9909 =item EXTERNAL FASTCGI SERVER INVOCATION
9911 FCGI_SOCKET_PATH, FCGI_LISTEN_QUEUE
9915 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
9923 =head2 CGI::Pretty - module to produce nicely formatted HTML code
9933 =item Tags that won't be formatted
9935 =item Customizing the Indenting
9947 =head2 CGI::Push - Simple Interface to Server Push
9955 =item USING CGI::Push
9957 -next_page, -last_page, -type, -delay, -cookie, -target, -expires, -nph
9961 =item Heterogeneous Pages
9963 =item Changing the Page Delay on the Fly
9967 =item INSTALLING CGI::Push SCRIPTS
9969 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
9977 =head2 CGI::Switch - Backward compatibility module for defunct CGI::Switch
9987 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
9995 =head2 CGI::Util - Internal utilities used by CGI module
10003 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
10009 =head2 CPAN - query, download and build perl modules from CPAN sites
10019 =item Interactive Mode
10021 Searching for authors, bundles, distribution files and modules, make, test,
10022 install, clean modules or distributions, get, readme, look module or
10023 distribution, ls author, Signals
10031 =item The four C<CPAN::*> Classes: Author, Bundle, Module, Distribution
10033 =item Programmer's interface
10035 expand($type,@things), expandany(@things), Programming Examples
10037 =item Methods in the other Classes
10039 CPAN::Author::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Author::as_string(),
10040 CPAN::Author::email(), CPAN::Author::fullname(), CPAN::Author::name(),
10041 CPAN::Bundle::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Bundle::as_string(),
10042 CPAN::Bundle::clean(), CPAN::Bundle::contains(),
10043 CPAN::Bundle::force($method,@args), CPAN::Bundle::get(),
10044 CPAN::Bundle::inst_file(), CPAN::Bundle::inst_version(),
10045 CPAN::Bundle::uptodate(), CPAN::Bundle::install(), CPAN::Bundle::make(),
10046 CPAN::Bundle::readme(), CPAN::Bundle::test(),
10047 CPAN::Distribution::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Distribution::as_string(),
10048 CPAN::Distribution::clean(), CPAN::Distribution::containsmods(),
10049 CPAN::Distribution::cvs_import(), CPAN::Distribution::dir(),
10050 CPAN::Distribution::force($method,@args), CPAN::Distribution::get(),
10051 CPAN::Distribution::install(), CPAN::Distribution::isa_perl(),
10052 CPAN::Distribution::look(), CPAN::Distribution::make(),
10053 CPAN::Distribution::prereq_pm(), CPAN::Distribution::readme(),
10054 CPAN::Distribution::test(), CPAN::Distribution::uptodate(),
10055 CPAN::Index::force_reload(), CPAN::Index::reload(), CPAN::InfoObj::dump(),
10056 CPAN::Module::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Module::as_string(),
10057 CPAN::Module::clean(), CPAN::Module::cpan_file(),
10058 CPAN::Module::cpan_version(), CPAN::Module::cvs_import(),
10059 CPAN::Module::description(), CPAN::Module::force($method,@args),
10060 CPAN::Module::get(), CPAN::Module::inst_file(),
10061 CPAN::Module::inst_version(), CPAN::Module::install(),
10062 CPAN::Module::look(), CPAN::Module::make(),
10063 CPAN::Module::manpage_headline(), CPAN::Module::readme(),
10064 CPAN::Module::test(), CPAN::Module::uptodate(), CPAN::Module::userid()
10066 =item Cache Manager
10070 =item Prerequisites
10072 =item Finding packages and VERSION
10076 =item Floppy, Zip, Offline Mode
10080 =item CONFIGURATION
10082 C<o conf E<lt>scalar optionE<gt>>, C<o conf E<lt>scalar optionE<gt>
10083 E<lt>valueE<gt>>, C<o conf E<lt>list optionE<gt>>, C<o conf E<lt>list
10084 optionE<gt> [shift|pop]>, C<o conf E<lt>list optionE<gt>
10085 [unshift|push|splice] E<lt>listE<gt>>
10089 =item Note on urllist parameter's format
10091 =item urllist parameter has CD-ROM support
10099 =item POPULATE AN INSTALLATION WITH LOTS OF MODULES
10101 =item WORKING WITH CPAN.pm BEHIND FIREWALLS
10105 =item Three basic types of firewalls
10107 http firewall, ftp firewall, One way visibility, SOCKS, IP Masquerade
10109 =item Configuring lynx or ncftp for going through a firewall
10115 1), 2), 3), 4), 5), 6), 7), 8), 9), 10)
10127 =head2 CPAN::FirstTime - Utility for CPAN::Config file Initialization
10137 =head2 CPANox, CPAN::Nox - Wrapper around CPAN.pm without using any XS
10150 =head2 Carp, carp - warn of errors (from perspective of caller)
10160 =item Forcing a Stack Trace
10168 =head2 Carp::Heavy, Carp heavy machinery - no user serviceable parts inside
10170 =head2 Class::ISA -- report the search path for a class's ISA tree
10180 the function Class::ISA::super_path($CLASS), the function
10181 Class::ISA::self_and_super_path($CLASS), the function
10182 Class::ISA::self_and_super_versions($CLASS)
10184 =item CAUTIONARY NOTES
10192 =head2 Class::Struct - declare struct-like datatypes as Perl classes
10202 =item The C<struct()> function
10204 =item Class Creation at Compile Time
10206 =item Element Types and Accessor Methods
10208 Scalar (C<'$'> or C<'*$'>), Array (C<'@'> or C<'*@'>), Hash (C<'%'> or
10209 C<'*%'>), Class (C<'Class_Name'> or C<'*Class_Name'>)
10211 =item Initializing with C<new>
10217 Example 1, Example 2, Example 3
10219 =item Author and Modification History
10223 =head2 Config - access Perl configuration information
10231 myconfig(), config_sh(), config_vars(@names)
10243 C<_a>, C<_exe>, C<_o>
10247 C<afs>, C<afsroot>, C<alignbytes>, C<ansi2knr>, C<aphostname>,
10248 C<api_revision>, C<api_subversion>, C<api_version>, C<api_versionstring>,
10249 C<ar>, C<archlib>, C<archlibexp>, C<archname64>, C<archname>, C<archobjs>,
10250 C<asctime_r_proto>, C<awk>
10254 C<baserev>, C<bash>, C<bin>, C<bincompat5005>, C<binexp>, C<bison>,
10255 C<byacc>, C<byteorder>
10259 C<c>, C<castflags>, C<cat>, C<cc>, C<cccdlflags>, C<ccdlflags>, C<ccflags>,
10260 C<ccflags_uselargefiles>, C<ccname>, C<ccsymbols>, C<ccversion>, C<cf_by>,
10261 C<cf_email>, C<cf_time>, C<charsize>, C<chgrp>, C<chmod>, C<chown>,
10262 C<clocktype>, C<comm>, C<compress>, C<contains>, C<cp>, C<cpio>, C<cpp>,
10263 C<cpp_stuff>, C<cppccsymbols>, C<cppflags>, C<cpplast>, C<cppminus>,
10264 C<cpprun>, C<cppstdin>, C<cppsymbols>, C<crypt_r_proto>, C<cryptlib>,
10265 C<csh>, C<ctermid_r_proto>, C<ctime_r_proto>
10269 C<d__fwalk>, C<d_access>, C<d_accessx>, C<d_alarm>, C<d_archlib>,
10270 C<d_asctime_r>, C<d_atolf>, C<d_atoll>, C<d_attribut>, C<d_bcmp>,
10271 C<d_bcopy>, C<d_bincompat5005>, C<d_bsd>, C<d_bsdgetpgrp>, C<d_bsdsetpgrp>,
10272 C<d_bzero>, C<d_casti32>, C<d_castneg>, C<d_charvspr>, C<d_chown>,
10273 C<d_chroot>, C<d_chsize>, C<d_class>, C<d_closedir>, C<d_cmsghdr_s>,
10274 C<d_const>, C<d_crypt>, C<d_crypt_r>, C<d_csh>, C<d_ctermid_r>,
10275 C<d_ctime_r>, C<d_cuserid>, C<d_dbl_dig>, C<d_dbminitproto>, C<d_difftime>,
10276 C<d_dirfd>, C<d_dirnamlen>, C<d_dlerror>, C<d_dlopen>, C<d_dlsymun>,
10277 C<d_dosuid>, C<d_drand48_r>, C<d_drand48proto>, C<d_dup2>, C<d_eaccess>,
10278 C<d_endgrent>, C<d_endgrent_r>, C<d_endhent>, C<d_endhostent_r>,
10279 C<d_endnent>, C<d_endnetent_r>, C<d_endpent>, C<d_endprotoent_r>,
10280 C<d_endpwent>, C<d_endpwent_r>, C<d_endsent>, C<d_endservent_r>,
10281 C<d_eofnblk>, C<d_eunice>, C<d_fchdir>, C<d_fchmod>, C<d_fchown>,
10282 C<d_fcntl>, C<d_fcntl_can_lock>, C<d_fd_macros>, C<d_fd_set>,
10283 C<d_fds_bits>, C<d_fgetpos>, C<d_finite>, C<d_finitel>, C<d_flexfnam>,
10284 C<d_flock>, C<d_flockproto>, C<d_fork>, C<d_fp_class>, C<d_fpathconf>,
10285 C<d_fpclass>, C<d_fpclassify>, C<d_fpclassl>, C<d_fpos64_t>, C<d_frexpl>,
10286 C<d_fs_data_s>, C<d_fseeko>, C<d_fsetpos>, C<d_fstatfs>, C<d_fstatvfs>,
10287 C<d_fsync>, C<d_ftello>, C<d_ftime>, C<d_Gconvert>, C<d_getcwd>,
10288 C<d_getespwnam>, C<d_getfsstat>, C<d_getgrent>, C<d_getgrent_r>,
10289 C<d_getgrgid_r>, C<d_getgrnam_r>, C<d_getgrps>, C<d_gethbyaddr>,
10290 C<d_gethbyname>, C<d_gethent>, C<d_gethname>, C<d_gethostbyaddr_r>,
10291 C<d_gethostbyname_r>, C<d_gethostent_r>, C<d_gethostprotos>,
10292 C<d_getitimer>, C<d_getlogin>, C<d_getlogin_r>, C<d_getmnt>,
10293 C<d_getmntent>, C<d_getnbyaddr>, C<d_getnbyname>, C<d_getnent>,
10294 C<d_getnetbyaddr_r>, C<d_getnetbyname_r>, C<d_getnetent_r>,
10295 C<d_getnetprotos>, C<d_getpagsz>, C<d_getpbyname>, C<d_getpbynumber>,
10296 C<d_getpent>, C<d_getpgid>, C<d_getpgrp2>, C<d_getpgrp>, C<d_getppid>,
10297 C<d_getprior>, C<d_getprotobyname_r>, C<d_getprotobynumber_r>,
10298 C<d_getprotoent_r>, C<d_getprotoprotos>, C<d_getprpwnam>, C<d_getpwent>,
10299 C<d_getpwent_r>, C<d_getpwnam_r>, C<d_getpwuid_r>, C<d_getsbyname>,
10300 C<d_getsbyport>, C<d_getsent>, C<d_getservbyname_r>, C<d_getservbyport_r>,
10301 C<d_getservent_r>, C<d_getservprotos>, C<d_getspnam>, C<d_getspnam_r>,
10302 C<d_gettimeod>, C<d_gmtime_r>, C<d_gnulibc>, C<d_grpasswd>, C<d_hasmntopt>,
10303 C<d_htonl>, C<d_index>, C<d_inetaton>, C<d_int64_t>, C<d_isascii>,
10304 C<d_isfinite>, C<d_isinf>, C<d_isnan>, C<d_isnanl>, C<d_killpg>,
10305 C<d_lchown>, C<d_ldbl_dig>, C<d_link>, C<d_localtime_r>, C<d_locconv>,
10306 C<d_lockf>, C<d_longdbl>, C<d_longlong>, C<d_lseekproto>, C<d_lstat>,
10307 C<d_madvise>, C<d_mblen>, C<d_mbstowcs>, C<d_mbtowc>, C<d_memchr>,
10308 C<d_memcmp>, C<d_memcpy>, C<d_memmove>, C<d_memset>, C<d_mkdir>,
10309 C<d_mkdtemp>, C<d_mkfifo>, C<d_mkstemp>, C<d_mkstemps>, C<d_mktime>,
10310 C<d_mmap>, C<d_modfl>, C<d_modfl_pow32_bug>, C<d_mprotect>, C<d_msg>,
10311 C<d_msg_ctrunc>, C<d_msg_dontroute>, C<d_msg_oob>, C<d_msg_peek>,
10312 C<d_msg_proxy>, C<d_msgctl>, C<d_msgget>, C<d_msghdr_s>, C<d_msgrcv>,
10313 C<d_msgsnd>, C<d_msync>, C<d_munmap>, C<d_mymalloc>, C<d_nice>,
10314 C<d_nl_langinfo>, C<d_nv_preserves_uv>, C<d_off64_t>,
10315 C<d_old_pthread_create_joinable>, C<d_oldpthreads>, C<d_oldsock>,
10316 C<d_open3>, C<d_pathconf>, C<d_pause>, C<d_perl_otherlibdirs>,
10317 C<d_phostname>, C<d_pipe>, C<d_poll>, C<d_portable>, C<d_PRId64>,
10318 C<d_PRIeldbl>, C<d_PRIEUldbl>, C<d_PRIfldbl>, C<d_PRIFUldbl>,
10319 C<d_PRIgldbl>, C<d_PRIGUldbl>, C<d_PRIi64>, C<d_PRIo64>, C<d_PRIu64>,
10320 C<d_PRIx64>, C<d_PRIXU64>, C<d_procselfexe>, C<d_pthread_atfork>,
10321 C<d_pthread_yield>, C<d_pwage>, C<d_pwchange>, C<d_pwclass>,
10322 C<d_pwcomment>, C<d_pwexpire>, C<d_pwgecos>, C<d_pwpasswd>, C<d_pwquota>,
10323 C<d_qgcvt>, C<d_quad>, C<d_random_r>, C<d_readdir64_r>, C<d_readdir>,
10324 C<d_readdir_r>, C<d_readlink>, C<d_readv>, C<d_recvmsg>, C<d_rename>,
10325 C<d_rewinddir>, C<d_rmdir>, C<d_safebcpy>, C<d_safemcpy>, C<d_sanemcmp>,
10326 C<d_sbrkproto>, C<d_sched_yield>, C<d_scm_rights>, C<d_SCNfldbl>,
10327 C<d_seekdir>, C<d_select>, C<d_sem>, C<d_semctl>, C<d_semctl_semid_ds>,
10328 C<d_semctl_semun>, C<d_semget>, C<d_semop>, C<d_sendmsg>, C<d_setegid>,
10329 C<d_seteuid>, C<d_setgrent>, C<d_setgrent_r>, C<d_setgrps>, C<d_sethent>,
10330 C<d_sethostent_r>, C<d_setitimer>, C<d_setlinebuf>, C<d_setlocale>,
10331 C<d_setlocale_r>, C<d_setnent>, C<d_setnetent_r>, C<d_setpent>,
10332 C<d_setpgid>, C<d_setpgrp2>, C<d_setpgrp>, C<d_setprior>,
10333 C<d_setproctitle>, C<d_setprotoent_r>, C<d_setpwent>, C<d_setpwent_r>,
10334 C<d_setregid>, C<d_setresgid>, C<d_setresuid>, C<d_setreuid>, C<d_setrgid>,
10335 C<d_setruid>, C<d_setsent>, C<d_setservent_r>, C<d_setsid>, C<d_setvbuf>,
10336 C<d_sfio>, C<d_shm>, C<d_shmat>, C<d_shmatprototype>, C<d_shmctl>,
10337 C<d_shmdt>, C<d_shmget>, C<d_sigaction>, C<d_sigprocmask>, C<d_sigsetjmp>,
10338 C<d_sockatmark>, C<d_sockatmarkproto>, C<d_socket>, C<d_socklen_t>,
10339 C<d_sockpair>, C<d_socks5_init>, C<d_sqrtl>, C<d_srand48_r>,
10340 C<d_srandom_r>, C<d_sresgproto>, C<d_sresuproto>, C<d_statblks>,
10341 C<d_statfs_f_flags>, C<d_statfs_s>, C<d_statvfs>, C<d_stdio_cnt_lval>,
10342 C<d_stdio_ptr_lval>, C<d_stdio_ptr_lval_nochange_cnt>,
10343 C<d_stdio_ptr_lval_sets_cnt>, C<d_stdio_stream_array>, C<d_stdiobase>,
10344 C<d_stdstdio>, C<d_strchr>, C<d_strcoll>, C<d_strctcpy>, C<d_strerrm>,
10345 C<d_strerror>, C<d_strerror_r>, C<d_strftime>, C<d_strtod>, C<d_strtol>,
10346 C<d_strtold>, C<d_strtoll>, C<d_strtoq>, C<d_strtoul>, C<d_strtoull>,
10347 C<d_strtouq>, C<d_strxfrm>, C<d_suidsafe>, C<d_symlink>, C<d_syscall>,
10348 C<d_syscallproto>, C<d_sysconf>, C<d_sysernlst>, C<d_syserrlst>,
10349 C<d_system>, C<d_tcgetpgrp>, C<d_tcsetpgrp>, C<d_telldir>,
10350 C<d_telldirproto>, C<d_time>, C<d_times>, C<d_tm_tm_gmtoff>,
10351 C<d_tm_tm_zone>, C<d_tmpnam_r>, C<d_truncate>, C<d_ttyname_r>, C<d_tzname>,
10352 C<d_u32align>, C<d_ualarm>, C<d_umask>, C<d_uname>, C<d_union_semun>,
10353 C<d_unordered>, C<d_usleep>, C<d_usleepproto>, C<d_ustat>, C<d_vendorarch>,
10354 C<d_vendorbin>, C<d_vendorlib>, C<d_vfork>, C<d_void_closedir>,
10355 C<d_voidsig>, C<d_voidtty>, C<d_volatile>, C<d_vprintf>, C<d_wait4>,
10356 C<d_waitpid>, C<d_wcstombs>, C<d_wctomb>, C<d_writev>, C<d_xenix>, C<date>,
10357 C<db_hashtype>, C<db_prefixtype>, C<db_version_major>, C<db_version_minor>,
10358 C<db_version_patch>, C<defvoidused>, C<direntrytype>, C<dlext>, C<dlsrc>,
10359 C<doublesize>, C<drand01>, C<drand48_r_proto>, C<dynamic_ext>
10363 C<eagain>, C<ebcdic>, C<echo>, C<egrep>, C<emacs>, C<endgrent_r_proto>,
10364 C<endhostent_r_proto>, C<endnetent_r_proto>, C<endprotoent_r_proto>,
10365 C<endpwent_r_proto>, C<endservent_r_proto>, C<eunicefix>, C<exe_ext>,
10366 C<expr>, C<extensions>, C<extras>
10370 C<fflushall>, C<fflushNULL>, C<find>, C<firstmakefile>, C<flex>,
10371 C<fpossize>, C<fpostype>, C<freetype>, C<from>, C<full_ar>, C<full_csh>,
10376 C<gccosandvers>, C<gccversion>, C<getgrent_r_proto>, C<getgrgid_r_proto>,
10377 C<getgrnam_r_proto>, C<gethostbyaddr_r_proto>, C<gethostbyname_r_proto>,
10378 C<gethostent_r_proto>, C<getlogin_r_proto>, C<getnetbyaddr_r_proto>,
10379 C<getnetbyname_r_proto>, C<getnetent_r_proto>, C<getprotobyname_r_proto>,
10380 C<getprotobynumber_r_proto>, C<getprotoent_r_proto>, C<getpwent_r_proto>,
10381 C<getpwnam_r_proto>, C<getpwuid_r_proto>, C<getservbyname_r_proto>,
10382 C<getservbyport_r_proto>, C<getservent_r_proto>, C<getspnam_r_proto>,
10383 C<gidformat>, C<gidsign>, C<gidsize>, C<gidtype>, C<glibpth>, C<gmake>,
10384 C<gmtime_r_proto>, C<grep>, C<groupcat>, C<groupstype>, C<gzip>
10388 C<h_fcntl>, C<h_sysfile>, C<hint>, C<hostcat>
10392 C<i16size>, C<i16type>, C<i32size>, C<i32type>, C<i64size>, C<i64type>,
10393 C<i8size>, C<i8type>, C<i_arpainet>, C<i_bsdioctl>, C<i_crypt>, C<i_db>,
10394 C<i_dbm>, C<i_dirent>, C<i_dld>, C<i_dlfcn>, C<i_fcntl>, C<i_float>,
10395 C<i_fp>, C<i_fp_class>, C<i_gdbm>, C<i_grp>, C<i_ieeefp>, C<i_inttypes>,
10396 C<i_langinfo>, C<i_libutil>, C<i_limits>, C<i_locale>, C<i_machcthr>,
10397 C<i_malloc>, C<i_math>, C<i_memory>, C<i_mntent>, C<i_ndbm>, C<i_netdb>,
10398 C<i_neterrno>, C<i_netinettcp>, C<i_niin>, C<i_poll>, C<i_prot>,
10399 C<i_pthread>, C<i_pwd>, C<i_rpcsvcdbm>, C<i_sfio>, C<i_sgtty>, C<i_shadow>,
10400 C<i_socks>, C<i_stdarg>, C<i_stddef>, C<i_stdlib>, C<i_string>,
10401 C<i_sunmath>, C<i_sysaccess>, C<i_sysdir>, C<i_sysfile>, C<i_sysfilio>,
10402 C<i_sysin>, C<i_sysioctl>, C<i_syslog>, C<i_sysmman>, C<i_sysmode>,
10403 C<i_sysmount>, C<i_sysndir>, C<i_sysparam>, C<i_sysresrc>, C<i_syssecrt>,
10404 C<i_sysselct>, C<i_syssockio>, C<i_sysstat>, C<i_sysstatfs>,
10405 C<i_sysstatvfs>, C<i_systime>, C<i_systimek>, C<i_systimes>, C<i_systypes>,
10406 C<i_sysuio>, C<i_sysun>, C<i_sysutsname>, C<i_sysvfs>, C<i_syswait>,
10407 C<i_termio>, C<i_termios>, C<i_time>, C<i_unistd>, C<i_ustat>, C<i_utime>,
10408 C<i_values>, C<i_varargs>, C<i_varhdr>, C<i_vfork>,
10409 C<ignore_versioned_solibs>, C<inc_version_list>, C<inc_version_list_init>,
10410 C<incpath>, C<inews>, C<installarchlib>, C<installbin>, C<installman1dir>,
10411 C<installman3dir>, C<installprefix>, C<installprefixexp>,
10412 C<installprivlib>, C<installscript>, C<installsitearch>, C<installsitebin>,
10413 C<installsitelib>, C<installstyle>, C<installusrbinperl>,
10414 C<installvendorarch>, C<installvendorbin>, C<installvendorlib>, C<intsize>,
10415 C<issymlink>, C<ivdformat>, C<ivsize>, C<ivtype>
10419 C<known_extensions>, C<ksh>
10423 C<ld>, C<lddlflags>, C<ldflags>, C<ldflags_uselargefiles>, C<ldlibpthname>,
10424 C<less>, C<lib_ext>, C<libc>, C<libperl>, C<libpth>, C<libs>, C<libsdirs>,
10425 C<libsfiles>, C<libsfound>, C<libspath>, C<libswanted>,
10426 C<libswanted_uselargefiles>, C<line>, C<lint>, C<lkflags>, C<ln>, C<lns>,
10427 C<localtime_r_proto>, C<locincpth>, C<loclibpth>, C<longdblsize>,
10428 C<longlongsize>, C<longsize>, C<lp>, C<lpr>, C<ls>, C<lseeksize>,
10433 C<mail>, C<mailx>, C<make>, C<make_set_make>, C<mallocobj>, C<mallocsrc>,
10434 C<malloctype>, C<man1dir>, C<man1direxp>, C<man1ext>, C<man3dir>,
10435 C<man3direxp>, C<man3ext>
10439 C<Mcc>, C<mips_type>, C<mkdir>, C<mmaptype>, C<modetype>, C<more>,
10440 C<multiarch>, C<mv>, C<myarchname>, C<mydomain>, C<myhostname>, C<myuname>
10444 C<n>, C<need_va_copy>, C<netdb_hlen_type>, C<netdb_host_type>,
10445 C<netdb_name_type>, C<netdb_net_type>, C<nm>, C<nm_opt>, C<nm_so_opt>,
10446 C<nonxs_ext>, C<nroff>, C<nv_preserves_uv_bits>, C<nveformat>,
10447 C<nvEUformat>, C<nvfformat>, C<nvFUformat>, C<nvgformat>, C<nvGUformat>,
10448 C<nvsize>, C<nvtype>
10452 C<o_nonblock>, C<obj_ext>, C<old_pthread_create_joinable>, C<optimize>,
10453 C<orderlib>, C<osname>, C<osvers>, C<otherlibdirs>
10457 C<package>, C<pager>, C<passcat>, C<patchlevel>, C<path_sep>, C<perl5>,
10458 C<perl5>, C<perl>, C<perl_patchlevel>
10462 C<PERL_REVISION>, C<PERL_SUBVERSION>, C<PERL_VERSION>, C<perladmin>,
10463 C<perllibs>, C<perlpath>, C<pg>, C<phostname>, C<pidtype>, C<plibpth>,
10464 C<pm_apiversion>, C<pmake>, C<pr>, C<prefix>, C<prefixexp>, C<privlib>,
10465 C<privlibexp>, C<procselfexe>, C<prototype>, C<ptrsize>
10469 C<quadkind>, C<quadtype>
10473 C<randbits>, C<randfunc>, C<random_r_proto>, C<randseedtype>, C<ranlib>,
10474 C<rd_nodata>, C<readdir64_r_proto>, C<readdir_r_proto>, C<revision>, C<rm>,
10475 C<rmail>, C<run>, C<runnm>
10479 C<sched_yield>, C<scriptdir>, C<scriptdirexp>, C<sed>, C<seedfunc>,
10480 C<selectminbits>, C<selecttype>, C<sendmail>, C<setgrent_r_proto>,
10481 C<sethostent_r_proto>, C<setlocale_r_proto>, C<setnetent_r_proto>,
10482 C<setprotoent_r_proto>, C<setpwent_r_proto>, C<setservent_r_proto>, C<sh>,
10483 C<shar>, C<sharpbang>, C<shmattype>, C<shortsize>, C<shrpenv>, C<shsharp>,
10484 C<sig_count>, C<sig_name>, C<sig_name_init>, C<sig_num>, C<sig_num_init>,
10485 C<sig_size>, C<signal_t>, C<sitearch>, C<sitearchexp>, C<sitebin>,
10486 C<sitebinexp>, C<sitelib>, C<sitelib_stem>, C<sitelibexp>, C<siteprefix>,
10487 C<siteprefixexp>, C<sizesize>, C<sizetype>, C<sleep>, C<smail>, C<so>,
10488 C<sockethdr>, C<socketlib>, C<socksizetype>, C<sort>, C<spackage>,
10489 C<spitshell>, C<sPRId64>, C<sPRIeldbl>, C<sPRIEUldbl>, C<sPRIfldbl>,
10490 C<sPRIFUldbl>, C<sPRIgldbl>, C<sPRIGUldbl>, C<sPRIi64>, C<sPRIo64>,
10491 C<sPRIu64>, C<sPRIx64>, C<sPRIXU64>, C<srand48_r_proto>,
10492 C<srandom_r_proto>, C<src>, C<sSCNfldbl>, C<ssizetype>, C<startperl>,
10493 C<startsh>, C<static_ext>, C<stdchar>, C<stdio_base>, C<stdio_bufsiz>,
10494 C<stdio_cnt>, C<stdio_filbuf>, C<stdio_ptr>, C<stdio_stream_array>,
10495 C<strerror_r_proto>, C<strings>, C<submit>, C<subversion>, C<sysman>
10499 C<tail>, C<tar>, C<targetarch>, C<tbl>, C<tee>, C<test>, C<timeincl>,
10500 C<timetype>, C<tmpnam_r_proto>, C<to>, C<touch>, C<tr>, C<trnl>, C<troff>,
10505 C<u16size>, C<u16type>, C<u32size>, C<u32type>, C<u64size>, C<u64type>,
10506 C<u8size>, C<u8type>, C<uidformat>, C<uidsign>, C<uidsize>, C<uidtype>,
10507 C<uname>, C<uniq>, C<uquadtype>, C<use5005threads>, C<use64bitall>,
10508 C<use64bitint>, C<usecrosscompile>, C<usedl>, C<useithreads>,
10509 C<uselargefiles>, C<uselongdouble>, C<usemorebits>, C<usemultiplicity>,
10510 C<usemymalloc>, C<usenm>, C<useopcode>, C<useperlio>, C<useposix>,
10511 C<usereentrant>, C<usesfio>, C<useshrplib>, C<usesocks>, C<usethreads>,
10512 C<usevendorprefix>, C<usevfork>, C<usrinc>, C<uuname>, C<uvoformat>,
10513 C<uvsize>, C<uvtype>, C<uvuformat>, C<uvxformat>, C<uvXUformat>
10517 C<vendorarch>, C<vendorarchexp>, C<vendorbin>, C<vendorbinexp>,
10518 C<vendorlib>, C<vendorlib_stem>, C<vendorlibexp>, C<vendorprefix>,
10519 C<vendorprefixexp>, C<version>, C<version_patchlevel_string>,
10520 C<versiononly>, C<vi>, C<voidflags>
10524 C<xlibpth>, C<xs_apiversion>
10540 =head2 Cwd - get pathname of current working directory
10550 =item getcwd and friends
10552 getcwd, cwd, fastcwd, fastgetcwd
10554 =item abs_path and friends
10556 abs_path, realpath, fast_abs_path
10568 =head2 DB - programmatic interface to the Perl debugging API (draft,
10580 =item Global Variables
10582 $DB::sub, %DB::sub, $DB::single, $DB::signal, $DB::trace, @DB::args,
10583 @DB::dbline, %DB::dbline, $DB::package, $DB::filename, $DB::subname,
10588 CLIENT->register(), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->skippkg('D::hide'),
10589 CLIENT->run(), CLIENT->step(), CLIENT->next(), CLIENT->done()
10591 =item Client Callback Methods
10593 CLIENT->init(), CLIENT->prestop([STRING]), CLIENT->stop(), CLIENT->idle(),
10594 CLIENT->poststop([STRING]), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->cleanup(),
10595 CLIENT->output(LIST)
10605 =head2 DB_File - Perl5 access to Berkeley DB version 1.x
10613 B<DB_HASH>, B<DB_BTREE>, B<DB_RECNO>
10617 =item Using DB_File with Berkeley DB version 2 or greater
10619 =item Interface to Berkeley DB
10621 =item Opening a Berkeley DB Database File
10623 =item Default Parameters
10625 =item In Memory Databases
10633 =item A Simple Example
10641 =item Changing the BTREE sort order
10643 =item Handling Duplicate Keys
10645 =item The get_dup() Method
10647 =item The find_dup() Method
10649 =item The del_dup() Method
10651 =item Matching Partial Keys
10659 =item The 'bval' Option
10661 =item A Simple Example
10663 =item Extra RECNO Methods
10665 B<$X-E<gt>push(list) ;>, B<$value = $X-E<gt>pop ;>, B<$X-E<gt>shift>,
10666 B<$X-E<gt>unshift(list) ;>, B<$X-E<gt>length>, B<$X-E<gt>splice(offset,
10667 length, elements);>
10669 =item Another Example
10673 =item THE API INTERFACE
10675 B<$status = $X-E<gt>get($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status =
10676 $X-E<gt>put($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>del($key [,
10677 $flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>fd ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>seq($key,
10678 $value, $flags) ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>sync([$flags]) ;>
10682 B<filter_store_key>, B<filter_store_value>, B<filter_fetch_key>,
10683 B<filter_fetch_value>
10689 =item An Example -- the NULL termination problem.
10691 =item Another Example -- Key is a C int.
10695 =item HINTS AND TIPS
10699 =item Locking: The Trouble with fd
10701 =item Safe ways to lock a database
10703 B<Tie::DB_Lock>, B<Tie::DB_LockFile>, B<DB_File::Lock>
10705 =item Sharing Databases With C Applications
10707 =item The untie() Gotcha
10711 =item COMMON QUESTIONS
10715 =item Why is there Perl source in my database?
10717 =item How do I store complex data structures with DB_File?
10719 =item What does "Invalid Argument" mean?
10721 =item What does "Bareword 'DB_File' not allowed" mean?
10741 =head2 Data::Dumper - stringified perl data structures, suitable for both
10742 printing and C<eval>
10754 I<PACKAGE>->new(I<ARRAYREF [>, I<ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Dump I<or>
10755 I<PACKAGE>->Dump(I<ARRAYREF [>, I<ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Seen(I<[HASHREF]>),
10756 I<$OBJ>->Values(I<[ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Names(I<[ARRAYREF]>),
10763 =item Configuration Variables or Methods
10765 $Data::Dumper::Indent I<or> I<$OBJ>->Indent(I<[NEWVAL]>),
10766 $Data::Dumper::Purity I<or> I<$OBJ>->Purity(I<[NEWVAL]>),
10767 $Data::Dumper::Pad I<or> I<$OBJ>->Pad(I<[NEWVAL]>),
10768 $Data::Dumper::Varname I<or> I<$OBJ>->Varname(I<[NEWVAL]>),
10769 $Data::Dumper::Useqq I<or> I<$OBJ>->Useqq(I<[NEWVAL]>),
10770 $Data::Dumper::Terse I<or> I<$OBJ>->Terse(I<[NEWVAL]>),
10771 $Data::Dumper::Freezer I<or> $I<OBJ>->Freezer(I<[NEWVAL]>),
10772 $Data::Dumper::Toaster I<or> $I<OBJ>->Toaster(I<[NEWVAL]>),
10773 $Data::Dumper::Deepcopy I<or> $I<OBJ>->Deepcopy(I<[NEWVAL]>),
10774 $Data::Dumper::Quotekeys I<or> $I<OBJ>->Quotekeys(I<[NEWVAL]>),
10775 $Data::Dumper::Bless I<or> $I<OBJ>->Bless(I<[NEWVAL]>),
10776 $Data::Dumper::Maxdepth I<or> $I<OBJ>->Maxdepth(I<[NEWVAL]>),
10777 $Data::Dumper::Useperl I<or> $I<OBJ>->Useperl(I<[NEWVAL]>),
10778 $Data::Dumper::Sortkeys I<or> $I<OBJ>->Sortkeys(I<[NEWVAL]>),
10779 $Data::Dumper::Deparse I<or> $I<OBJ>->Deparse(I<[NEWVAL]>)
10799 =head2 Devel::DProf - a Perl code profiler
10807 =item PROFILE FORMAT
10819 =head2 Devel::PPPort, Perl/Pollution/Portability
10841 =head2 Devel::Peek - A data debugging tool for the XS programmer
10851 =item Runtime debugging
10853 =item Memory footprint debugging
10861 =item A simple scalar string
10863 =item A simple scalar number
10865 =item A simple scalar with an extra reference
10867 =item A reference to a simple scalar
10869 =item A reference to an array
10871 =item A reference to a hash
10873 =item Dumping a large array or hash
10875 =item A reference to an SV which holds a C pointer
10877 =item A reference to a subroutine
10891 =head2 Devel::SelfStubber - generate stubs for a SelfLoading module
10901 =head2 Digest:: - Modules that calculate message digests
10909 I<binary>, I<hex>, I<base64>
10913 $ctx = Digest->XXX($arg,...), $ctx = Digest->new(XXX => $arg,...), $ctx =
10914 Digest::XXX->new($arg,...), $ctx->reset, $ctx->add($data,...),
10915 $ctx->addfile($io_handle), $ctx->digest, $ctx->hexdigest, $ctx->b64digest
10923 =head2 Digest::MD5 - Perl interface to the MD5 Algorithm
10933 md5($data,...), md5_hex($data,...), md5_base64($data,...)
10937 $md5 = Digest::MD5->new, $md5->reset, $md5->add($data,...),
10938 $md5->addfile($io_handle), $md5->digest, $md5->hexdigest, $md5->b64digest
10950 =head2 DirHandle - supply object methods for directory handles
10962 =head2 Dumpvalue - provides screen dump of Perl data.
10974 C<arrayDepth>, C<hashDepth>, C<compactDump>, C<veryCompact>, C<globPrint>,
10975 C<dumpDBFiles>, C<dumpPackages>, C<dumpReused>, C<tick>, C<quoteHighBit>,
10976 C<printUndef>, C<usageOnly>, unctrl, subdump, bareStringify, quoteHighBit,
10981 dumpValue, dumpValues, stringify, dumpvars, set_quote, set_unctrl,
10982 compactDump, veryCompact, set, get
10988 =head2 DynaLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code
10996 @dl_library_path, @dl_resolve_using, @dl_require_symbols, @dl_librefs,
10997 @dl_modules, dl_error(), $dl_debug, dl_findfile(), dl_expandspec(),
10998 dl_load_file(), dl_unload_file(), dl_loadflags(), dl_find_symbol(),
10999 dl_find_symbol_anywhere(), dl_undef_symbols(), dl_install_xsub(),
11006 =head2 DynaLoader::XSLoader, XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into
11019 =head2 Encode - character encodings
11027 =item Table of Contents
11039 =item PERL ENCODING API
11041 $octets = encode(ENCODING, $string[, CHECK]), $string = decode(ENCODING,
11042 $octets[, CHECK]), [$length =] from_to($string, FROM_ENCODING, TO_ENCODING
11049 $octets = encode_utf8($string);, $string = decode_utf8($octets [, CHECK]);
11051 =item Listing available encodings
11053 =item Defining Aliases
11057 =item Encoding and IO
11059 =item Handling Malformed Data
11061 =item Defining Encodings
11063 =item Messing with Perl's Internals
11065 is_utf8(STRING [, CHECK]), _utf8_on(STRING), _utf8_off(STRING)
11071 =head2 Encode::Alias - alias definitions to encodings
11079 As a simple string, As a qr// compiled regular expression, e.g.:, As a code
11084 =item Alias overloading
11092 =head2 Encode::Byte - Single Byte Encodings
11106 =head2 Encode::CJKConstants -- Internally used by Encode::??::ISO_2022_*
11108 =head2 Encode::CN - China-based Chinese Encodings
11124 =head2 Encode::CN::HZ -- internally used by Encode::CN
11126 =head2 Encode::EBCDIC - EBCDIC Encodings
11140 =head2 Encode::Encoding - Encode Implementation Base Class
11148 -E<gt>name, -E<gt>new_sequence, -E<gt>encode($string,$check),
11149 -E<gt>decode($octets,$check)
11153 =item Compiled Encodings
11159 Scheme 1, Scheme 2, Other Schemes
11163 =head2 Encode::JP - Japanese Encodings
11173 =item Note on ISO-2022-JP(-1)?
11181 =head2 Encode::JP::H2Z -- internally used by Encode::JP::2022_JP*
11183 =head2 Encode::JP::JIS7 -- internally used by Encode::JP
11185 =head2 Encode::Supported -- Supported encodings by Encode
11193 =item Encoding Names
11197 =item Supported Encodings
11201 =item Built-in Encodings
11203 =item Encode::Unicode -- other Unicode encodings
11205 =item Encode::Byte -- Extended ASCII
11207 ISO-8859 and corresponding vendor mappings, KOI8 - De Facto Standard for
11210 =item The CJK: Chinese, Japanese, Korean (Multibyte)
11212 Encode::CN -- Continental China, Encode::JP -- Japan, Encode::KR -- Korea,
11213 Encode::HanExtra -- More Chinese via CPAN
11215 =item Miscellaneous encodings
11217 Encode::EBCDIC, Encode::Symbols
11221 =item Unsupported encodings
11223 ISO-2022-JP-2 [RFC1554], ISO-2022-CN [RFC1922], various UP-UX
11224 encodings, Cyrillic encoding ISO-IR-111, ISO-8859-8-1 [Hebrew], Thai
11225 encoding TCVN, Vietnamese encodings VPS, various Mac encodings, (Mac) Indic
11228 =item Encoding vs. Charset -- terminology
11230 =item Encoding Classification (by Anton Tagunov and Dan Kogai)
11234 =item Microsoft-related naming mess
11236 KS_C_5601-1987, GB2312, Big5, Shift_JIS
11242 character repertoire, coded character set (CCS), character encoding scheme
11243 (CES), charset (in MIME context), EUC, ISO-2022, UCS, UCS-2, Unicode, UTF,
11250 ECMA, EMCA-035 (eq C<ISO-2022>), IANA, Assigned Charset Names by IANA, ISO,
11251 RFC, UC, Unicode Glossary
11255 =item Other Notable Sites
11257 czyborra.com, CJK.inf, Jungshik Shin's Hangul FAQ
11259 =item Offline sources
11261 C<CJKV Information Processing> by Ken Lunde
11267 =head2 Encode::Symbol - Symbol Encodings
11281 =head2 Encode::TW - Taiwan-based Chinese Encodings
11297 =head2 Encode::Unicode -- Various Unicode Transform Format
11305 L<http://www.unicode.org/glossary/> says:, Quick Reference
11307 =item Size, Endianness, and BOM
11313 =item by Endianness
11315 BOM as integer when fetched in network byte order
11319 =item Surrogate Pairs
11325 =head2 Encode::XS -- for internal use only
11327 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Alias, Encode::Alias - alias definitions to
11336 As a simple string, As a qr// compiled regular expression, e.g.:, As a code
11341 =item Alias overloading
11349 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::CJKConstants, Encode::CJKConstants.pm --
11350 Internally used by Encode::??::ISO_2022_*
11352 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::CN::HZ, Encode::CN::HZ -- internally used by
11355 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Encoding, Encode::Encoding - Encode
11356 Implementation Base Class
11364 -E<gt>name, -E<gt>new_sequence, -E<gt>encode($string,$check),
11365 -E<gt>decode($octets,$check)
11369 =item Compiled Encodings
11375 Scheme 1, Scheme 2, Other Schemes
11379 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::JP::H2Z, Encode::JP::H2Z -- internally used by
11380 Encode::JP::2022_JP*
11382 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::JP::JIS7, Encode::JP::JIS7 -- internally used
11385 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Supported, Encode::Supported -- Supported
11386 encodings by Encode
11394 =item Encoding Names
11398 =item Supported Encodings
11402 =item Built-in Encodings
11404 =item Encode::Unicode -- other Unicode encodings
11406 =item Encode::Byte -- Extended ASCII
11408 ISO-8859 and corresponding vendor mappings, KOI8 - De Facto Standard for
11411 =item The CJK: Chinese, Japanese, Korean (Multibyte)
11413 Encode::CN -- Continental China, Encode::JP -- Japan, Encode::KR -- Korea,
11414 Encode::HanExtra -- More Chinese via CPAN
11416 =item Miscellaneous encodings
11418 Encode::EBCDIC, Encode::Symbols
11422 =item Unsupported encodings
11424 ISO-2022-JP-2 [RFC1554], ISO-2022-CN [RFC1922], various UP-UX
11425 encodings, Cyrillic encoding ISO-IR-111, ISO-8859-8-1 [Hebrew], Thai
11426 encoding TCVN, Vietnamese encodings VPS, various Mac encodings, (Mac) Indic
11429 =item Encoding vs. Charset -- terminology
11431 =item Encoding Classification (by Anton Tagunov and Dan Kogai)
11435 =item Microsoft-related naming mess
11437 KS_C_5601-1987, GB2312, Big5, Shift_JIS
11443 character repertoire, coded character set (CCS), character encoding scheme
11444 (CES), charset (in MIME context), EUC, ISO-2022, UCS, UCS-2, Unicode, UTF,
11451 ECMA, EMCA-035 (eq C<ISO-2022>), IANA, Assigned Charset Names by IANA, ISO,
11452 RFC, UC, Unicode Glossary
11456 =item Other Notable Sites
11458 czyborra.com, CJK.inf, Jungshik Shin's Hangul FAQ
11460 =item Offline sources
11462 C<CJKV Information Processing> by Ken Lunde
11468 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Unicode, Encode::Unicode -- Various Unicode
11477 L<http://www.unicode.org/glossary/> says:, Quick Reference
11479 =item Size, Endianness, and BOM
11485 =item by Endianness
11487 BOM as integer when fetched in network byte order
11491 =item Surrogate Pairs
11497 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::XS, Encode::XS -- for internal use only
11499 =head2 Encode::lib::Encoder, Encode::Encoder -- Object Oriented Encoder
11505 use Encode::Encoder;
11506 # Encode::encode("ISO-8859-1", $data);
11507 Encode::Encoder->new($data)->iso_8859_1; # OOP way
11509 use Encode::Encoder qw(encoder);
11510 encoder($data)->iso_8859_1;
11511 # you can stack them!
11512 encoder($data)->iso_8859_1->base64; # provided base64() is defined
11513 # you can use it as a decoder as well
11514 encoder($base64)->bytes('base64')->latin1;
11516 print encoder($data)->utf8->latin1; # prints the string in latin1
11518 encoder("\x{abcd}\x{ef}g")->utf8 == 6; # true. bytes::length($data)
11526 =item Predefined Methods
11528 $e = Encode::Encoder-E<gt>new([$data, $encoding]);, encoder(),
11529 $e-E<gt>data([$data]), $e-E<gt>encoding([$encoding]),
11530 $e-E<gt>bytes([$encoding])
11532 =item Example: base64 transcoder
11534 =item operator overloading
11542 =head2 Encodencoding, encoding - allows you to write your script in
11543 non-asii or non-utf8
11553 use encoding [I<ENCNAME>] ;, use encoding I<ENCNAME> [ STDIN =E<gt>
11554 I<ENCNAME_IN> ...] ;, no encoding;
11562 =item DO NOT MIX MULTIPLE ENCODINGS
11566 =item NON-ASCII Identifiers and Filter option
11568 use encoding I<ENCNAME> Filter=E<gt>1;
11570 =item EXAMPLE - Greekperl
11572 =item KNOWN PROBLEMS
11578 =head2 Encoder, Encode::Encoder -- Object Oriented Encoder
11584 use Encode::Encoder;
11585 # Encode::encode("ISO-8859-1", $data);
11586 Encode::Encoder->new($data)->iso_8859_1; # OOP way
11588 use Encode::Encoder qw(encoder);
11589 encoder($data)->iso_8859_1;
11590 # you can stack them!
11591 encoder($data)->iso_8859_1->base64; # provided base64() is defined
11592 # you can use it as a decoder as well
11593 encoder($base64)->bytes('base64')->latin1;
11595 print encoder($data)->utf8->latin1; # prints the string in latin1
11597 encoder("\x{abcd}\x{ef}g")->utf8 == 6; # true. bytes::length($data)
11605 =item Predefined Methods
11607 $e = Encode::Encoder-E<gt>new([$data, $encoding]);, encoder(),
11608 $e-E<gt>data([$data]), $e-E<gt>encoding([$encoding]),
11609 $e-E<gt>bytes([$encoding])
11611 =item Example: base64 transcoder
11613 =item operator overloading
11621 =head2 English - use nice English (or awk) names for ugly punctuation
11634 =head2 Env - perl module that imports environment variables as scalars or
11649 =head2 Errno - System errno constants
11665 =head2 Exporter - Implements default import method for modules
11675 =item How to Export
11677 =item Selecting What To Export
11679 =item How to Import
11681 C<use ModuleName;>, C<use ModuleName ();>, C<use ModuleName qw(...);>
11685 =item Advanced features
11689 =item Specialised Import Lists
11691 =item Exporting without using Exporter's import method
11693 =item Module Version Checking
11695 =item Managing Unknown Symbols
11697 =item Tag Handling Utility Functions
11699 =item Generating combined tags
11701 =item C<AUTOLOAD>ed Constants
11707 =head2 Exporter::Heavy - Exporter guts
11717 =head2 ExtUtils::Command - utilities to replace common UNIX commands in
11738 mv source... destination
11740 cp source... destination
11758 =head2 ExtUtils::Command::MM - Commands for the MM's to use in Makefiles
11770 =head2 ExtUtils::Constant - generate XS code to import C header constants
11780 IV, UV, NV, PV, PVN, SV, YES, NO, UNDEF
11788 perl_stringify NAME
11792 memEQ_clause NAME, CHECKED_AT, INDENT
11794 assign INDENT, TYPE, PRE, POST, VALUE..
11798 switch_clause INDENT, NAMELEN, ITEMHASH, ITEM..
11806 C_constant, name, type, value, macro, default, pre, post, def_pre =item
11809 XS_constant PACKAGE, TYPES, SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME
11811 autoload PACKAGE, VERSION, AUTOLOADER
11813 WriteMakefileSnippet
11815 WriteConstants ATTRIBUTE =E<gt> VALUE [, ...], NAME, DEFAULT_TYPE,
11816 BREAKOUT_AT, NAMES, C_FILE, XS_FILE, SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME
11824 =head2 ExtUtils::Embed - Utilities for embedding Perl in C/C++ applications
11836 xsinit(), Examples, ldopts(), Examples, perl_inc(), ccflags(), ccdlflags(),
11837 ccopts(), xsi_header(), xsi_protos(@modules), xsi_body(@modules)
11847 =head2 ExtUtils::Install - install files from here to there
11857 =head2 ExtUtils::Installed - Inventory management of installed modules
11869 new(), modules(), files(), directories(), directory_tree(), validate(),
11870 packlist(), version()
11878 =head2 ExtUtils::Liblist - determine libraries to use and how to use them
11886 For static extensions, For dynamic extensions at build/link time, For
11887 dynamic extensions at load time
11893 =item LDLOADLIBS and LD_RUN_PATH
11903 =item VMS implementation
11905 =item Win32 implementation
11913 =head2 ExtUtils::MM - OS adjusted ExtUtils::MakeMaker subclass
11923 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Any - Platform agnostic MM methods
11931 =item Inherently Cross-Platform Methods
11935 =item File::Spec wrappers B<DEPRECATED>
11949 file_name_is_absolute
11959 =item Thought To Be Cross-Platform Methods
11973 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_BeOS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
11974 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
11986 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
11987 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
11995 canonpath, cflags, manifypods, perl_archive
11999 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_DOS - DOS specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix
12009 =item Overridden methods
12011 B<replace_manpage_separator>
12025 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_NW5 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
12026 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
12040 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_OS2 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
12041 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
12055 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_UWIN - U/WIN specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix
12065 =item Overridden methods
12067 B<replace_manpage_separator>
12081 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Unix - methods used by ExtUtils::MakeMaker
12095 =item SelfLoaded methods
12145 =item Methods to actually produce chunks of text for the Makefile
12191 maybe_command_in_dirs
12215 post_initialize (o)
12229 replace_manpage_separator
12243 test_via_harness (override)
12245 test_via_script (override)
12275 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_VMS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
12276 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
12286 =item Methods always loaded
12298 guess_name (override)
12302 find_perl (override)
12304 maybe_command (override)
12306 maybe_command_in_dirs (override)
12308 perl_script (override)
12310 replace_manpage_separator
12312 init_main (override)
12314 init_others (override)
12316 constants (override)
12320 const_cccmd (override)
12322 pm_to_blib (override)
12324 tool_autosplit (override)
12326 tool_sxubpp (override)
12328 xsubpp_version (override)
12330 tools_other (override)
12340 top_targets (override)
12344 dynamic_lib (override)
12346 dynamic_bs (override)
12348 static_lib (override)
12350 manifypods (override)
12352 processPL (override)
12354 installbin (override)
12356 subdir_x (override)
12360 realclean (override)
12362 dist_core (override)
12364 dist_test (override)
12368 perldepend (override)
12370 makefile (override)
12374 makeaperl (override)
12376 nicetext (override)
12378 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Win32 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
12379 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
12401 tool_autosplit (override)
12417 =head2 ExtUtils::MY - ExtUtils::MakeMaker subclass for customization
12427 =head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker - create an extension Makefile
12437 =item How To Write A Makefile.PL
12439 =item Default Makefile Behaviour
12447 =item PREFIX and LIB attribute
12451 =item Static Linking of a new Perl Binary
12453 =item Determination of Perl Library and Installation Locations
12455 =item Which architecture dependent directory?
12457 =item Using Attributes and Parameters
12459 ABSTRACT, ABSTRACT_FROM, AUTHOR, BINARY_LOCATION, C, CCFLAGS, CONFIG,
12460 CONFIGURE, DEFINE, DIR, DISTNAME, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, EXCLUDE_EXT,
12461 EXE_FILES, FIRST_MAKEFILE, FULLPERL, FULLPERLRUN, FULLPERLRUNINST,
12462 FUNCLIST, H, IMPORTS, INC, INCLUDE_EXT, INSTALLARCHLIB, INSTALLBIN,
12463 INSTALLDIRS, INSTALLMAN1DIR, INSTALLMAN3DIR, INSTALLPRIVLIB, INSTALLSCRIPT,
12464 INSTALLSITEARCH, INSTALLSITEBIN, INSTALLSITELIB, INSTALLSITEMAN1DIR,
12465 INSTALLSITEMAN3DIR, INSTALLVENDORARCH, INSTALLVENDORBIN, INSTALLVENDORLIB,
12466 INSTALLVENDORMAN1DIR, INSTALLVENDORMAN3DIR, INST_ARCHLIB, INST_BIN,
12467 INST_LIB, INST_MAN1DIR, INST_MAN3DIR, INST_SCRIPT, LDFROM, LIB, LIBPERL_A,
12468 LIBS, LINKTYPE, MAKEAPERL, MAKEFILE, MAN1PODS, MAN3PODS, MAP_TARGET,
12469 MYEXTLIB, NAME, NEEDS_LINKING, NOECHO, NORECURS, NO_VC, OBJECT, OPTIMIZE,
12470 PERL, PERL_CORE, PERLMAINCC, PERL_ARCHLIB, PERL_LIB, PERL_MALLOC_OK,
12471 PERLRUN, PERLRUNINST, PERL_SRC, PERM_RW, PERM_RWX, PL_FILES, PM, PMLIBDIRS,
12472 PM_FILTER, POLLUTE, PPM_INSTALL_EXEC, PPM_INSTALL_SCRIPT, PREFIX,
12473 PREREQ_PM, PREREQ_FATAL, PREREQ_PRINT, PRINT_PREREQ, SITEPREFIX, SKIP,
12474 TYPEMAPS, VENDORPREFIX, VERSION, VERSION_FROM, XS, XSOPT, XSPROTOARG,
12477 =item Additional lowercase attributes
12479 clean, depend, dist, dynamic_lib, linkext, macro, realclean, test,
12482 =item Overriding MakeMaker Methods
12484 =item Hintsfile support
12486 =item Distribution Support
12488 make distcheck, make skipcheck, make distclean, make manifest,
12489 make distdir, make disttest, make tardist, make dist, make
12490 uutardist, make shdist, make zipdist, make ci
12492 =item Disabling an extension
12498 PERL_MM_OPT, PERL_MM_USE_DEFAULT
12506 =head2 ExtUtils::Manifest - utilities to write and check a MANIFEST file
12514 =item MANIFEST.SKIP
12518 =item GLOBAL VARIABLES
12522 C<Not in MANIFEST:> I<file>, C<No such file:> I<file>, C<MANIFEST:> I<$!>,
12523 C<Added to MANIFEST:> I<file>
12527 B<PERL_MM_MANIFEST_DEBUG>
12535 =head2 ExtUtils::Miniperl, writemain - write the C code for perlmain.c
12547 =head2 ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap - make a bootstrap file for use by DynaLoader
12557 =head2 ExtUtils::Mksymlists - write linker options files for dynamic
12566 DLBASE, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, FILE, FUNCLIST, IMPORTS, NAME
12574 =head2 ExtUtils::Packlist - manage .packlist files
12586 new(), read(), write(), validate(), packlist_file()
12594 =head2 ExtUtils::testlib - add blib/* directories to @INC
12604 =head2 Fatal - replace functions with equivalents which succeed or die
12616 =head2 Fcntl - load the C Fcntl.h defines
12626 =item EXPORTED SYMBOLS
12630 =head2 File::Basename, fileparse - split a pathname into pieces
12638 fileparse_set_fstype, fileparse
12642 C<basename>, C<dirname>
12646 =head2 File::CheckTree, validate - run many filetest checks on a tree
12660 =head2 File::Compare - Compare files or filehandles
12674 =head2 File::Copy - Copy files or filehandles
12684 =item Special behaviour if C<syscopy> is defined (OS/2, VMS and Win32)
12686 rmscopy($from,$to[,$date_flag])
12698 =head2 File::DosGlob - DOS like globbing and then some
12708 =item EXPORTS (by request only)
12720 =head2 File::Find - Traverse a directory tree.
12728 B<find>, B<finddepth>
12734 C<wanted>, C<bydepth>, C<preprocess>, C<postprocess>, C<follow>,
12735 C<follow_fast>, C<follow_skip>, C<dangling_symlinks>, C<no_chdir>,
12736 C<untaint>, C<untaint_pattern>, C<untaint_skip>
12738 =item The wanted function
12740 C<$File::Find::dir> is the current directory name,, C<$_> is the current
12741 filename within that directory, C<$File::Find::name> is the complete
12742 pathname to the file
12750 $dont_use_nlink, symlinks
12758 =head2 File::Glob - Perl extension for BSD glob routine
12766 C<GLOB_ERR>, C<GLOB_LIMIT>, C<GLOB_MARK>, C<GLOB_NOCASE>, C<GLOB_NOCHECK>,
12767 C<GLOB_NOSORT>, C<GLOB_BRACE>, C<GLOB_NOMAGIC>, C<GLOB_QUOTE>,
12768 C<GLOB_TILDE>, C<GLOB_CSH>, C<GLOB_ALPHASORT>
12772 C<GLOB_NOSPACE>, C<GLOB_ABEND>
12780 =head2 File::Path - create or remove directory trees
12792 =head2 File::Spec - portably perform operations on file names
12802 canonpath, catdir, catfile, curdir, devnull, rootdir, tmpdir, updir,
12803 no_upwards, case_tolerant, file_name_is_absolute, path, join, splitpath,
12804 splitdir, catpath(), abs2rel, rel2abs()
12812 =head2 File::Spec::Cygwin - methods for Cygwin file specs
12822 =head2 File::Spec::Epoc - methods for Epoc file specs
12840 =head2 File::Spec::Functions - portably perform operations on file names
12858 =head2 File::Spec::Mac - File::Spec for Mac OS (Classic)
12886 file_name_is_absolute
12916 =head2 File::Spec::OS2 - methods for OS/2 file specs
12926 =head2 File::Spec::Unix - File::Spec for Unix, base for other File::Spec
12959 file_name_is_absolute
12981 =head2 File::Spec::VMS - methods for VMS file specs
12997 =item Methods always loaded
12999 canonpath (override)
13017 case_tolerant (override)
13021 file_name_is_absolute (override)
13023 splitpath (override)
13025 splitdir (override)
13039 =head2 File::Spec::Win32 - methods for Win32 file specs
13069 =head2 File::Temp - return name and handle of a temporary file safely
13093 =item MKTEMP FUNCTIONS
13107 =item POSIX FUNCTIONS
13117 =item ADDITIONAL FUNCTIONS
13125 =item UTILITY FUNCTIONS
13133 =item PACKAGE VARIABLES
13135 B<safe_level>, STANDARD, MEDIUM, HIGH
13147 =item Temporary files and NFS
13159 =head2 File::stat - by-name interface to Perl's built-in stat() functions
13173 =head2 FileCache - keep more files open than the system permits
13181 cacheout EXPR, cacheout MODE, EXPR
13189 =head2 FileHandle - supply object methods for filehandles
13197 $fh->print, $fh->printf, $fh->getline, $fh->getlines
13203 =head2 Filter::Simple - Simplified source filtering
13217 =item Disabling or changing <no> behaviour
13219 =item All-in-one interface
13221 =item Filtering only specific components of source code
13223 C<"code">, C<"executable">, C<"quotelike">, C<"string">, C<"regex">,
13226 =item Filtering only the code parts of source code
13228 Most source code ceases to be grammatically correct when it is broken up
13229 into the pieces between string literals and regexes. So the C<'code'>
13230 component filter behaves slightly differently from the other partial
13232 described in the previous section.
13234 =item Using Filter::Simple with an explicit C<import> subroutine
13236 =item Using Filter::Simple and Exporter together
13248 =head2 Filter::Util::Call - Perl Source Filter Utility Module
13258 =item B<use Filter::Util::Call>
13262 =item B<filter() and anonymous sub>
13264 B<$_>, B<$status>, B<filter_read> and B<filter_read_exact>, B<filter_del>
13272 =item Example 1: A simple filter.
13274 =item Example 2: Using the context
13276 =item Example 3: Using the context within the filter
13278 =item Example 4: Using filter_del
13282 =item Filter::Simple
13290 =head2 FindBin - Locate directory of original perl script
13298 =item EXPORTABLE VARIABLES
13310 =head2 GDBM_File - Perl5 access to the gdbm library.
13326 =head2 Getopt::Long - Extended processing of command line options
13334 =item Command Line Options, an Introduction
13336 =item Getting Started with Getopt::Long
13340 =item Simple options
13342 =item A little bit less simple options
13344 =item Mixing command line option with other arguments
13346 =item Options with values
13348 =item Options with multiple values
13350 =item Options with hash values
13352 =item User-defined subroutines to handle options
13354 =item Options with multiple names
13356 =item Case and abbreviations
13358 =item Summary of Option Specifications
13360 !, +, s, i, o, f, : I<type> [ I<desttype> ], : I<number> [ I<desttype> ], :
13365 =item Advanced Possibilities
13369 =item Object oriented interface
13371 =item Documentation and help texts
13373 =item Storing options in a hash
13377 =item The lonesome dash
13379 =item Argument callback
13383 =item Configuring Getopt::Long
13385 default, posix_default, auto_abbrev, getopt_compat, gnu_compat, gnu_getopt,
13386 require_order, permute, bundling (default: disabled), bundling_override
13387 (default: disabled), ignore_case (default: enabled), ignore_case_always
13388 (default: disabled), pass_through (default: disabled), prefix,
13389 prefix_pattern, debug (default: disabled)
13391 =item Return values and Errors
13397 =item Default destinations
13399 =item Alternative option starters
13401 =item Configuration variables
13405 =item Trouble Shooting
13409 =item Warning: Ignoring '!' modifier for short option
13411 =item GetOptions does not return a false result when an option is not
13414 =item GetOptions does not split the command line correctly
13416 =item How do I put a "-?" option into a Getopt::Long?
13422 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER
13426 =head2 Getopt::Std, getopt - Process single-character switches with switch
13437 =head2 Hash::Util - A selection of general-utility hash subroutines
13447 =item Restricted hashes
13449 lock_keys, unlock_keys
13455 lock_value, unlock_value
13457 B<lock_hash>, B<unlock_hash>
13467 =head2 I18N::Collate - compare 8-bit scalar data according to the current
13478 =head2 I18N::LangTags - functions for dealing with RFC3066-style language
13489 the function is_language_tag($lang1)
13491 the function extract_language_tags($whatever)
13493 the function same_language_tag($lang1, $lang2)
13495 the function similarity_language_tag($lang1, $lang2)
13497 the function is_dialect_of($lang1, $lang2)
13499 the function super_languages($lang1)
13501 the function locale2language_tag($locale_identifier)
13503 the function encode_language_tag($lang1)
13505 the function alternate_language_tags($lang1)
13507 the function @langs = panic_languages(@accept_languages)
13511 =item ABOUT LOWERCASING
13513 =item ABOUT UNICODE PLAINTEXT LANGUAGE TAGS
13523 =head2 I18N::LangTags::List -- tags and names for human languages
13531 =item ABOUT LANGUAGE TAGS
13533 =item LIST OF LANGUAGES
13535 {ab} : Abkhazian, {ace} : Achinese, {ach} : Acoli, {ada} : Adangme, {aa} :
13536 Afar, {afh} : Afrihili, {af} : Afrikaans, [{afa} : Afro-Asiatic (Other)],
13537 {aka} : Akan, {akk} : Akkadian, {sq} : Albanian, {ale} : Aleut, [{alg} :
13538 Algonquian languages], [{tut} : Altaic (Other)], {am} : Amharic, {i-ami} :
13539 Ami, [{apa} : Apache languages], {ar} : Arabic, {arc} : Aramaic, {arp} :
13540 Arapaho, {arn} : Araucanian, {arw} : Arawak, {hy} : Armenian, [{art} :
13541 Artificial (Other)], {as} : Assamese, [{ath} : Athapascan languages],
13542 [{aus} : Australian languages], [{map} : Austronesian (Other)], {ava} :
13543 Avaric, {ae} : Avestan, {awa} : Awadhi, {ay} : Aymara, {az} : Azerbaijani,
13544 {ban} : Balinese, [{bat} : Baltic (Other)], {bal} : Baluchi, {bam} :
13545 Bambara, [{bai} : Bamileke languages], {bad} : Banda, [{bnt} : Bantu
13546 (Other)], {bas} : Basa, {ba} : Bashkir, {eu} : Basque, {btk} : Batak
13547 (Indonesia), {bej} : Beja, {be} : Belarusian, {bem} : Bemba, {bn} :
13548 Bengali, [{ber} : Berber (Other)], {bho} : Bhojpuri, {bh} : Bihari, {bik} :
13549 Bikol, {bin} : Bini, {bi} : Bislama, {bs} : Bosnian, {bra} : Braj, {br} :
13550 Breton, {bug} : Buginese, {bg} : Bulgarian, {i-bnn} : Bunun, {bua} :
13551 Buriat, {my} : Burmese, {cad} : Caddo, {car} : Carib, {ca} : Catalan,
13552 [{cau} : Caucasian (Other)], {ceb} : Cebuano, [{cel} : Celtic (Other)],
13553 [{cai} : Central American Indian (Other)], {chg} : Chagatai, [{cmc} :
13554 Chamic languages], {ch} : Chamorro, {ce} : Chechen, {chr} : Cherokee, {chy}
13555 : Cheyenne, {chb} : Chibcha, {ny} : Chichewa, {zh} : Chinese, {chn} :
13556 Chinook Jargon, {chp} : Chipewyan, {cho} : Choctaw, {cu} : Church Slavic,
13557 {chk} : Chuukese, {cv} : Chuvash, {cop} : Coptic, {kw} : Cornish, {co} :
13558 Corsican, {cre} : Cree, {mus} : Creek, [{cpe} : English-based Creoles and
13559 pidgins (Other)], [{cpf} : French-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)],
13560 [{cpp} : Portuguese-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{crp} : Creoles
13561 and pidgins (Other)], {hr} : Croatian, [{cus} : Cushitic (Other)], {cs} :
13562 Czech, {dak} : Dakota, {da} : Danish, {day} : Dayak, {i-default} : Default
13563 (Fallthru) Language, {del} : Delaware, {din} : Dinka, {div} : Divehi, {doi}
13564 : Dogri, {dgr} : Dogrib, [{dra} : Dravidian (Other)], {dua} : Duala, {nl} :
13565 Dutch, {dum} : Middle Dutch (ca.1050-1350), {dyu} : Dyula, {dz} : Dzongkha,
13566 {efi} : Efik, {egy} : Ancient Egyptian, {eka} : Ekajuk, {elx} : Elamite,
13567 {en} : English, {enm} : Old English (1100-1500), {ang} : Old English
13568 (ca.450-1100), {eo} : Esperanto, {et} : Estonian, {ewe} : Ewe, {ewo} :
13569 Ewondo, {fan} : Fang, {fat} : Fanti, {fo} : Faroese, {fj} : Fijian, {fi} :
13570 Finnish, [{fiu} : Finno-Ugrian (Other)], {fon} : Fon, {fr} : French, {frm}
13571 : Middle French (ca.1400-1600), {fro} : Old French (842-ca.1400), {fy} :
13572 Frisian, {fur} : Friulian, {ful} : Fulah, {gaa} : Ga, {gd} : Scots Gaelic,
13573 {gl} : Gallegan, {lug} : Ganda, {gay} : Gayo, {gba} : Gbaya, {gez} : Geez,
13574 {ka} : Georgian, {de} : German, {gmh} : Middle High German (ca.1050-1500),
13575 {goh} : Old High German (ca.750-1050), [{gem} : Germanic (Other)], {gil} :
13576 Gilbertese, {gon} : Gondi, {gor} : Gorontalo, {got} : Gothic, {grb} :
13577 Grebo, {grc} : Ancient Greek, {el} : Modern Greek, {gn} : Guarani, {gu} :
13578 Gujarati, {gwi} : Gwich'in, {hai} : Haida, {ha} : Hausa, {haw} : Hawaiian,
13579 {he} : Hebrew, {hz} : Herero, {hil} : Hiligaynon, {him} : Himachali, {hi} :
13580 Hindi, {ho} : Hiri Motu, {hit} : Hittite, {hmn} : Hmong, {hu} : Hungarian,
13581 {hup} : Hupa, {iba} : Iban, {is} : Icelandic, {ibo} : Igbo, {ijo} : Ijo,
13582 {ilo} : Iloko, [{inc} : Indic (Other)], [{ine} : Indo-European (Other)],
13583 {id} : Indonesian, {ia} : Interlingua (International Auxiliary Language
13584 Association), {ie} : Interlingue, {iu} : Inuktitut, {ik} : Inupiaq, [{ira}
13585 : Iranian (Other)], {ga} : Irish, {mga} : Middle Irish (900-1200), {sga} :
13586 Old Irish (to 900), [{iro} : Iroquoian languages], {it} : Italian, {ja} :
13587 Japanese, {jw} : Javanese, {jrb} : Judeo-Arabic, {jpr} : Judeo-Persian,
13588 {kab} : Kabyle, {kac} : Kachin, {kl} : Kalaallisut, {kam} : Kamba, {kn} :
13589 Kannada, {kau} : Kanuri, {kaa} : Kara-Kalpak, {kar} : Karen, {ks} :
13590 Kashmiri, {kaw} : Kawi, {kk} : Kazakh, {kha} : Khasi, {km} : Khmer, [{khi}
13591 : Khoisan (Other)], {kho} : Khotanese, {ki} : Kikuyu, {kmb} : Kimbundu,
13592 {rw} : Kinyarwanda, {ky} : Kirghiz, {i-klingon} : Klingon, {kv} : Komi,
13593 {kon} : Kongo, {kok} : Konkani, {ko} : Korean, {kos} : Kosraean, {kpe} :
13594 Kpelle, {kro} : Kru, {kj} : Kuanyama, {kum} : Kumyk, {ku} : Kurdish, {kru}
13595 : Kurukh, {kut} : Kutenai, {lad} : Ladino, {lah} : Lahnda, {lam} : Lamba,
13596 {lo} : Lao, {la} : Latin, {lv} : Latvian, {lb} : Letzeburgesch, {lez} :
13597 Lezghian, {ln} : Lingala, {lt} : Lithuanian, {nds} : Low German, {loz} :
13598 Lozi, {lub} : Luba-Katanga, {lua} : Luba-Lulua, {lui} : Luiseno, {lun} :
13599 Lunda, {luo} : Luo (Kenya and Tanzania), {lus} : Lushai, {mk} : Macedonian,
13600 {mad} : Madurese, {mag} : Magahi, {mai} : Maithili, {mak} : Makasar, {mg} :
13601 Malagasy, {ms} : Malay, {ml} : Malayalam, {mt} : Maltese, {mnc} : Manchu,
13602 {mdr} : Mandar, {man} : Mandingo, {mni} : Manipuri, [{mno} : Manobo
13603 languages], {gv} : Manx, {mi} : Maori, {mr} : Marathi, {chm} : Mari, {mh} :
13604 Marshall, {mwr} : Marwari, {mas} : Masai, [{myn} : Mayan languages], {men}
13605 : Mende, {mic} : Micmac, {min} : Minangkabau, {i-mingo} : Mingo, [{mis} :
13606 Miscellaneous languages], {moh} : Mohawk, {mo} : Moldavian, [{mkh} :
13607 Mon-Khmer (Other)], {lol} : Mongo, {mn} : Mongolian, {mos} : Mossi, [{mul}
13608 : Multiple languages], [{mun} : Munda languages], {nah} : Nahuatl, {na} :
13609 Nauru, {nv} : Navajo, {nd} : North Ndebele, {nr} : South Ndebele, {ng} :
13610 Ndonga, {ne} : Nepali, {new} : Newari, {nia} : Nias, [{nic} :
13611 Niger-Kordofanian (Other)], [{ssa} : Nilo-Saharan (Other)], {niu} : Niuean,
13612 {non} : Old Norse, [{nai} : North American Indian], {se} : Northern Sami,
13613 {no} : Norwegian, {nb} : Norwegian Bokmal, {nn} : Norwegian Nynorsk, [{nub}
13614 : Nubian languages], {nym} : Nyamwezi, {nyn} : Nyankole, {nyo} : Nyoro,
13615 {nzi} : Nzima, {oc} : Occitan (post 1500), {oji} : Ojibwa, {or} : Oriya,
13616 {om} : Oromo, {osa} : Osage, {os} : Ossetian; Ossetic, [{oto} : Otomian
13617 languages], {pal} : Pahlavi, {i-pwn} : Paiwan, {pau} : Palauan, {pi} :
13618 Pali, {pam} : Pampanga, {pag} : Pangasinan, {pa} : Panjabi, {pap} :
13619 Papiamento, [{paa} : Papuan (Other)], {fa} : Persian, {peo} : Old Persian
13620 (ca.600-400 B.C.), [{phi} : Philippine (Other)], {phn} : Phoenician, {pon}
13621 : Pohnpeian, {pl} : Polish, {pt} : Portuguese, [{pra} : Prakrit languages],
13622 {pro} : Old Provencal (to 1500), {ps} : Pushto, {qu} : Quechua, {rm} :
13623 Raeto-Romance, {raj} : Rajasthani, {rap} : Rapanui, {rar} : Rarotongan,
13624 [{qaa - qtz} : Reserved for local use.], [{roa} : Romance (Other)], {ro} :
13625 Romanian, {rom} : Romany, {rn} : Rundi, {ru} : Russian, [{sal} : Salishan
13626 languages], {sam} : Samaritan Aramaic, [{smi} : Sami languages (Other)],
13627 {sm} : Samoan, {sad} : Sandawe, {sg} : Sango, {sa} : Sanskrit, {sat} :
13628 Santali, {sc} : Sardinian, {sas} : Sasak, {sco} : Scots, {sel} : Selkup,
13629 [{sem} : Semitic (Other)], {sr} : Serbian, {srr} : Serer, {shn} : Shan,
13630 {sn} : Shona, {sid} : Sidamo, {sgn-...} : Sign Languages, {bla} : Siksika,
13631 {sd} : Sindhi, {si} : Sinhalese, [{sit} : Sino-Tibetan (Other)], [{sio} :
13632 Siouan languages], {den} : Slave (Athapascan), [{sla} : Slavic (Other)],
13633 {sk} : Slovak, {sl} : Slovenian, {sog} : Sogdian, {so} : Somali, {son} :
13634 Songhai, {snk} : Soninke, {wen} : Sorbian languages, {nso} : Northern
13635 Sotho, {st} : Southern Sotho, [{sai} : South American Indian (Other)], {es}
13636 : Spanish, {suk} : Sukuma, {sux} : Sumerian, {su} : Sundanese, {sus} :
13637 Susu, {sw} : Swahili, {ss} : Swati, {sv} : Swedish, {syr} : Syriac, {tl} :
13638 Tagalog, {ty} : Tahitian, [{tai} : Tai (Other)], {tg} : Tajik, {tmh} :
13639 Tamashek, {ta} : Tamil, {i-tao} : Tao, {tt} : Tatar, {i-tay} : Tayal, {te}
13640 : Telugu, {ter} : Tereno, {tet} : Tetum, {th} : Thai, {bo} : Tibetan, {tig}
13641 : Tigre, {ti} : Tigrinya, {tem} : Timne, {tiv} : Tiv, {tli} : Tlingit,
13642 {tpi} : Tok Pisin, {tkl} : Tokelau, {tog} : Tonga (Nyasa), {to} : Tonga
13643 (Tonga Islands), {tsi} : Tsimshian, {ts} : Tsonga, {i-tsu} : Tsou, {tn} :
13644 Tswana, {tum} : Tumbuka, {tr} : Turkish, {ota} : Ottoman Turkish
13645 (1500-1928), {tk} : Turkmen, {tvl} : Tuvalu, {tyv} : Tuvinian, {tw} : Twi,
13646 {uga} : Ugaritic, {ug} : Uighur, {uk} : Ukrainian, {umb} : Umbundu, {und} :
13647 Undetermined, {ur} : Urdu, {uz} : Uzbek, {vai} : Vai, {ven} : Venda, {vi} :
13648 Vietnamese, {vo} : Volapuk, {vot} : Votic, [{wak} : Wakashan languages],
13649 {wal} : Walamo, {war} : Waray, {was} : Washo, {cy} : Welsh, {wo} : Wolof,
13650 {x-...} : Unregistered (Semi-Private Use), {xh} : Xhosa, {sah} : Yakut,
13651 {yao} : Yao, {yap} : Yapese, {yi} : Yiddish, {yo} : Yoruba, [{ypk} : Yupik
13652 languages], {znd} : Zande, [{zap} : Zapotec], {zen} : Zenaga, {za} :
13653 Zhuang, {zu} : Zulu, {zun} : Zuni
13657 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER
13663 =head2 I18N::Langinfo - query locale information
13681 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
13685 =head2 IO - load various IO modules
13695 =head2 IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory handles
13703 new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (),
13704 rewind (), close (), tie %hash, IO::Dir, DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ]
13714 =head2 IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles
13724 new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile
13728 open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] )
13736 =head2 IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O handles
13746 new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE )
13750 $io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines,
13751 $io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ), $io->error,
13752 $io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush ( ARGS ),
13753 $io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint
13765 =head2 IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes
13775 new ( [READER, WRITER] )
13779 reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles ()
13789 =head2 IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call
13799 mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ), remove (
13800 IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] )
13810 =head2 IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for I/O objects
13818 $io->getpos, $io->setpos, $io->seek ( POS, WHENCE ), WHENCE=0 (SEEK_SET),
13819 WHENCE=1 (SEEK_CUR), WHENCE=2 (SEEK_END), $io->sysseek( POS, WHENCE ),
13828 =head2 IO::Select - OO interface to the select system call
13838 new ( [ HANDLES ] )
13842 add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read (
13843 [ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ),
13844 count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, ERROR [, TIMEOUT ] )
13854 =head2 IO::Socket - Object interface to socket communications
13868 accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), atmark, connected,
13869 protocol, sockdomain, sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), socktype, timeout([VAL])
13879 =head2 IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for AF_INET domain sockets
13895 sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost
13908 =head2 IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for AF_UNIX domain sockets
13922 hostpath(), peerpath()
13932 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Dir, IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory
13941 new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (),
13942 rewind (), close (), tie %hash, IO::Dir, DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ]
13952 =head2 IO::lib::IO::File, IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles
13962 new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile
13966 open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] )
13974 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Handle, IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O
13985 new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE )
13989 $io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines,
13990 $io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ), $io->error,
13991 $io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush ( ARGS ),
13992 $io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint
14004 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Pipe, IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes
14014 new ( [READER, WRITER] )
14018 reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles ()
14028 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Poll, IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call
14038 mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ), remove (
14039 IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] )
14049 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Seekable, IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for
14058 $io->getpos, $io->setpos, $io->seek ( POS, WHENCE ), WHENCE=0 (SEEK_SET),
14059 WHENCE=1 (SEEK_CUR), WHENCE=2 (SEEK_END), $io->sysseek( POS, WHENCE ),
14068 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Select, IO::Select - OO interface to the select system
14079 new ( [ HANDLES ] )
14083 add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read (
14084 [ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ),
14085 count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, ERROR [, TIMEOUT ] )
14095 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket, IO::Socket - Object interface to socket
14110 accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), atmark, connected,
14111 protocol, sockdomain, sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), socktype, timeout([VAL])
14121 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket::INET, IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for
14122 AF_INET domain sockets
14138 sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost
14151 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket::UNIX, IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for
14152 AF_UNIX domain sockets
14166 hostpath(), peerpath()
14176 =head2 IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class
14186 new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set
14187 ( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [,
14198 =head2 IPC::Open2, open2 - open a process for both reading and writing
14212 =head2 IPC::Open3, open3 - open a process for reading, writing, and error
14225 =head2 IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object class
14235 new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ),
14236 getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ),
14237 set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N
14248 =head2 IPC::SysV - SysV IPC constants
14266 =head2 IPC::SysV::Msg, IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class
14276 new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set
14277 ( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [,
14288 =head2 IPC::SysV::Semaphore, IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object
14299 new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ),
14300 getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ),
14301 set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N
14312 =head2 List::Util - A selection of general-utility list subroutines
14320 first BLOCK LIST, max LIST, maxstr LIST, min LIST, minstr LIST, reduce
14321 BLOCK LIST, shuffle LIST, sum LIST
14325 =item SUGGESTED ADDITIONS
14331 =head2 List::Utilib::List::Util, List::Util - A selection of
14332 general-utility list subroutines
14340 first BLOCK LIST, max LIST, maxstr LIST, min LIST, minstr LIST, reduce
14341 BLOCK LIST, shuffle LIST, sum LIST
14345 =item SUGGESTED ADDITIONS
14351 =head2 List::Utilib::Scalar::Util, Scalar::Util - A selection of
14352 general-utility scalar subroutines
14360 blessed EXPR, dualvar NUM, STRING, isweak EXPR, openhandle FH, reftype
14361 EXPR, tainted EXPR, weaken REF
14371 =head2 Locale::Constants - constants for Locale codes
14379 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
14383 Locale::Language, Locale::Country, Locale::Script, Locale::Currency
14391 =head2 Locale::Country - ISO codes for country identification (ISO 3166)
14399 B<alpha-2>, B<alpha-3>, B<numeric>
14401 =item CONVERSION ROUTINES
14403 code2country( CODE, [ CODESET ] ), country2code( STRING, [ CODESET ] ),
14404 country_code2code( CODE, CODESET, CODESET )
14406 =item QUERY ROUTINES
14408 C<all_country_codes( [ CODESET ] )>, C<all_country_names( [ CODESET ] )>
14410 =item SEMI-PRIVATE ROUTINES
14416 =item rename_country
14424 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
14428 Locale::Language, Locale::Script, Locale::Currency, Locale::SubCountry, ISO
14429 3166-1, http://www.iso.org/iso/en/prods-services/iso3166ma/index.html,
14430 http://www.egt.ie/standards/iso3166/iso3166-1-en.html,
14431 http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/docs/app-f.html
14439 =head2 Locale::Currency - ISO three letter codes for currency
14440 identification (ISO 4217)
14450 =item CONVERSION ROUTINES
14452 code2currency(), currency2code()
14454 =item QUERY ROUTINES
14456 C<all_currency_codes()>, C<all_currency_names()>
14460 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
14464 Locale::Country, Locale::Script, ISO 4217:1995,
14465 http://www.bsi-global.com/iso4217currency
14473 =head2 Locale::Language - ISO two letter codes for language identification
14482 =item CONVERSION ROUTINES
14484 code2language(), language2code()
14486 =item QUERY ROUTINES
14488 C<all_language_codes()>, C<all_language_names()>
14492 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
14496 Locale::Country, Locale::Script, Locale::Currency, ISO 639:1988 (E/F),
14497 http://lcweb.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/langhome.html
14505 =head2 Locale::Maketext -- framework for localization
14513 =item QUICK OVERVIEW
14519 =item Construction Methods
14521 =item The "maketext" Method
14523 $lh->fail_with I<or> $lh->fail_with(I<PARAM>), $lh->failure_handler_auto
14525 =item Utility Methods
14527 $language->quant($number, $singular), $language->quant($number, $singular,
14528 $plural), $language->quant($number, $singular, $plural, $negative),
14529 $language->numf($number), $language->sprintf($format, @items),
14530 $language->language_tag(), $language->encoding()
14532 =item Language Handle Attributes and Internals
14536 =item LANGUAGE CLASS HIERARCHIES
14538 =item ENTRIES IN EACH LEXICON
14540 =item BRACKET NOTATION
14542 =item AUTO LEXICONS
14544 =item CONTROLLING LOOKUP FAILURE
14546 =item HOW TO USE MAKETEXT
14550 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER
14556 =head2 Locale::Maketext::TPJ13 -- article about software localization
14564 =item Localization and Perl: gettext breaks, Maketext fixes
14568 =item A Localization Horror Story: It Could Happen To You
14570 =item The Linguistic View
14572 =item Breaking gettext
14574 =item Replacing gettext
14576 =item Buzzwords: Abstraction and Encapsulation
14578 =item Buzzword: Isomorphism
14580 =item Buzzword: Inheritance
14582 =item Buzzword: Concision
14584 =item The Devil in the Details
14586 =item The Proof in the Pudding: Localizing Web Sites
14594 =head2 Locale::Script - ISO codes for script identification (ISO 15924)
14602 B<alpha-2>, B<alpha-3>, B<numeric>
14606 =item SPECIAL CODES
14610 =item CONVERSION ROUTINES
14612 code2script( CODE, [ CODESET ] ), script2code( STRING, [ CODESET ] ),
14613 script_code2code( CODE, CODESET, CODESET )
14615 =item QUERY ROUTINES
14617 C<all_script_codes ( [ CODESET ] )>, C<all_script_names ( [ CODESET ] )>
14621 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
14625 Locale::Language, Locale::Currency, Locale::Country, ISO 15924,
14626 http://www.evertype.com/standards/iso15924/
14634 =head2 MIME::Base64 - Encoding and decoding of base64 strings
14642 encode_base64($str, [$eol]), decode_base64($str)
14646 Premature end of base64 data, Premature padding of base64 data
14654 =head2 MIME::Base64::QuotedPrint, MIME::QuotedPrint - Encoding and decoding
14655 of quoted-printable strings
14663 encode_qp($str), decode_qp($str);
14669 =head2 MIME::QuotedPrint - Encoding and decoding of quoted-printable
14678 encode_qp($str), decode_qp($str);
14684 =head2 Math::BigFloat - Arbitrary size floating point math package
14694 =item Canonical notation
14698 =item C<mantissa()>, C<exponent()> and C<parts()>
14700 =item Accuracy vs. Precision
14704 ffround ( +$scale ), ffround ( -$scale ), ffround ( 0 ), fround ( +$scale
14705 ), fround ( -$scale ) and fround ( 0 )
14713 =item Autocreating constants
14719 =item Using Math::BigInt::Lite
14727 stringify, bstr(), bdiv, Modifying and =, bpow
14735 =head2 Math::BigInt - Arbitrary size integer math package
14743 Canonical notation, Input, Output
14765 =item is_one()/is_zero()/is_nan()/is_inf()
14767 =item is_positive()/is_negative()
14769 $x->is_positive(); # true if >= 0
14770 $x->is_negative(); # true if < 0
14772 =item is_odd()/is_even()/is_int()
14854 =item ACCURACY and PRECISION
14864 =item Rounding mode R
14866 'trunc', 'even', 'odd', '+inf', '-inf', 'zero', Precision, Accuracy
14867 (significant digits), Setting/Accessing, Creating numbers, Usage,
14868 Precedence, Overriding globals, Local settings, Rounding, Default values,
14881 =item mantissa(), exponent() and parts()
14889 =item Autocreating constants
14895 =item Alternative math libraries
14901 =item Subclassing Math::BigInt
14909 bsqrt(), div(), blog()
14915 Out of Memory!, Fails to load Calc on Perl prior 5.6.0
14919 stringify, bstr(), bsstr() and 'cmp', int(), length, bdiv, infinity
14920 handling, Modifying and =, bpow, Overloading -$x, Mixing different object
14921 types, bsqrt(), brsft()
14931 =head2 Math::BigInt::Calc - Pure Perl module to support Math::BigInt
14941 =item WRAP YOUR OWN
14945 This program is free software; you may redistribute it and/or modify it
14947 the same terms as Perl itself.
14955 =head2 Math::BigRat - arbitrarily big rationals
14979 $d = $x->denominator();
14995 =head2 Math::Complex - complex numbers and associated mathematical
15008 =item STRINGIFICATION
15012 =item CHANGED IN PERL 5.6
15018 =item ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO OR LOGARITHM OF ZERO
15020 =item ERRORS DUE TO INDIGESTIBLE ARGUMENTS
15028 =head2 Math::Trig - trigonometric functions
15036 =item TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS
15042 =item ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO
15044 =item SIMPLE (REAL) ARGUMENTS, COMPLEX RESULTS
15048 =item PLANE ANGLE CONVERSIONS
15050 =item RADIAL COORDINATE CONVERSIONS
15054 =item COORDINATE SYSTEMS
15056 =item 3-D ANGLE CONVERSIONS
15058 cartesian_to_cylindrical, cartesian_to_spherical, cylindrical_to_cartesian,
15059 cylindrical_to_spherical, spherical_to_cartesian, spherical_to_cylindrical
15063 =item GREAT CIRCLE DISTANCES AND DIRECTIONS
15069 =item CAVEAT FOR GREAT CIRCLE FORMULAS
15079 =head2 Memoize - Make functions faster by trading space for time
15097 =item C<SCALAR_CACHE>, C<LIST_CACHE>
15099 C<MEMORY>, C<HASH>, C<TIE>, C<FAULT>, C<MERGE>
15103 =item OTHER FACILITIES
15109 =item C<flush_cache>
15115 =item PERSISTENT CACHE SUPPORT
15117 =item EXPIRATION SUPPORT
15125 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
15131 =head2 Memoize::AnyDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for AnyDBM_File for
15140 =head2 Memoize::Expire - Plug-in module for automatic expiration of
15151 TIEHASH, EXISTS, STORE
15163 =head2 Memoize::ExpireFile - test for Memoize expiration semantics
15171 =head2 Memoize::ExpireTest - test for Memoize expiration semantics
15179 =head2 Memoize::NDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for NDBM_File for
15188 =head2 Memoize::SDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for SDBM_File for
15197 =head2 Memoize::Storable - store Memoized data in Storable database
15205 =head2 NDBM_File - Tied access to ndbm files
15213 C<O_RDONLY>, C<O_WRONLY>, C<O_RDWR>
15219 =item C<ndbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...>
15223 =item BUGS AND WARNINGS
15227 =head2 NEXT - Provide a pseudo-class NEXT that allows method redispatch
15237 =item Enforcing redispatch
15239 =item Avoiding repetitions
15245 =item BUGS AND IRRITATIONS
15251 =head2 Net::Cmd - Network Command class (as used by FTP, SMTP etc)
15261 debug ( VALUE ), message (), code (), ok (), status (), datasend ( DATA ),
15264 =item CLASS METHODS
15266 debug_print ( DIR, TEXT ), debug_text ( TEXT ), command ( CMD [, ARGS, ...
15267 ]), unsupported (), response (), parse_response ( TEXT ), getline (),
15268 ungetline ( TEXT ), read_until_dot (), tied_fh ()
15278 =head2 Net::Config - Local configuration data for libnet
15288 requires_firewall HOST
15290 =item NetConfig VALUES
15292 nntp_hosts, snpp_hosts, pop3_hosts, smtp_hosts, ph_hosts, daytime_hosts,
15293 time_hosts, inet_domain, ftp_firewall, ftp_firewall_type, ftp_ext_passive,
15294 ftp_int_pasive, local_netmask, test_hosts, test_exists
15298 =head2 Net::Domain - Attempt to evaluate the current host's internet name
15307 hostfqdn (), hostname (), hostdomain ()
15315 =head2 Net::FTP - FTP Client class
15327 new (HOST [,OPTIONS])
15331 login ([LOGIN [,PASSWORD [, ACCOUNT] ] ]), authorize ( [AUTH [, RESP]]),
15332 site (ARGS), type (TYPE [, ARGS]), ascii ([ARGS]) binary([ARGS])
15333 ebcdic([ARGS]) byte([ARGS]), rename ( OLDNAME, NEWNAME ), delete ( FILENAME
15334 ), cwd ( [ DIR ] ), cdup (), pwd (), restart ( WHERE ), rmdir ( DIR ),
15335 mkdir ( DIR [, RECURSE ]), ls ( [ DIR ] ), dir ( [ DIR ] ), get (
15336 REMOTE_FILE [, LOCAL_FILE [, WHERE]] ), put ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ]
15337 ), put_unique ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] ), append ( LOCAL_FILE [,
15338 REMOTE_FILE ] ), unique_name (), mdtm ( FILE ), size ( FILE ), supported (
15339 CMD ), hash ( [FILEHANDLE_GLOB_REF],[ BYTES_PER_HASH_MARK] ), nlst ( [ DIR
15340 ] ), list ( [ DIR ] ), retr ( FILE ), stor ( FILE ), stou ( FILE ), appe (
15341 FILE ), port ( [ PORT ] ), pasv (), pasv_xfer ( SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER [,
15342 DEST_FILE ] ), pasv_xfer_unique ( SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER [, DEST_FILE ] ),
15343 pasv_wait ( NON_PASV_SERVER ), abort (), quit ()
15347 =item Methods for the adventurous
15353 =item THE dataconn CLASS
15355 read ( BUFFER, SIZE [, TIMEOUT ] ), write ( BUFFER, SIZE [, TIMEOUT ] ),
15356 bytes_read (), abort (), close ()
15358 =item UNIMPLEMENTED
15360 B<ALLO>, B<SMNT>, B<HELP>, B<MODE>, B<SYST>, B<STAT>, B<STRU>, B<REIN>
15362 =item REPORTING BUGS
15370 http://www.csh.rit.edu/~adam/Progs/autoftp-2.0.tar.gz
15378 =head2 Net::NNTP - NNTP Client class
15388 new ( [ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ])
15392 article ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), body ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), head (
15393 [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), articlefh ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), bodyfh ( [
15394 MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), headfh ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), nntpstat ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ]
15395 ), group ( [ GROUP ] ), ihave ( MSGID [, MESSAGE ]), last (), date (),
15396 postok (), authinfo ( USER, PASS ), list (), newgroups ( SINCE [,
15397 DISTRIBUTIONS ]), newnews ( SINCE [, GROUPS [, DISTRIBUTIONS ]]), next (),
15398 post ( [ MESSAGE ] ), postfh (), slave (), quit ()
15402 =item Extension methods
15404 newsgroups ( [ PATTERN ] ), distributions (), subscriptions (),
15405 overview_fmt (), active_times (), active ( [ PATTERN ] ), xgtitle ( PATTERN
15406 ), xhdr ( HEADER, MESSAGE-SPEC ), xover ( MESSAGE-SPEC ), xpath (
15407 MESSAGE-ID ), xpat ( HEADER, PATTERN, MESSAGE-SPEC), xrover, listgroup ( [
15416 MESSAGE-SPEC, PATTERN, Examples, C<[^]-]>, C<*bdc>, C<[0-9a-zA-Z]>, C<a??d>
15426 =head2 Net::POP3 - Post Office Protocol 3 Client class (RFC1939)
15438 new ( [ HOST, ] [ OPTIONS ] )
15442 user ( USER ), pass ( PASS ), login ( [ USER [, PASS ]] ), apop ( [ USER [,
15443 PASS ]] ), top ( MSGNUM [, NUMLINES ] ), list ( [ MSGNUM ] ), get ( MSGNUM
15444 [, FH ] ), getfh ( MSGNUM ), last (), popstat (), ping ( USER ), uidl ( [
15445 MSGNUM ] ), delete ( MSGNUM ), reset (), quit ()
15457 =head2 Net::Ping - check a remote host for reachability
15469 Net::Ping->new([$proto [, $def_timeout [, $bytes]]]);, $p->hires( { 0 | 1 }
15470 );, $p->bind($local_addr);, $p->ping($host [, $timeout]);,
15471 $p->open($host);, $p->close();, pingecho($host [, $timeout]);
15485 =head2 Net::SMTP - Simple Mail Transfer Protocol Client
15497 new Net::SMTP [ HOST, ] [ OPTIONS ]
15501 banner (), domain (), hello ( DOMAIN ), etrn ( DOMAIN ), auth ( USERNAME,
15502 PASSWORD ), mail ( ADDRESS [, OPTIONS] ), send ( ADDRESS ), send_or_mail (
15503 ADDRESS ), send_and_mail ( ADDRESS ), reset (), recipient ( ADDRESS [,
15504 ADDRESS [ ...]] [, OPTIONS ] ), to ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), cc (
15505 ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), bcc ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), data ( [
15506 DATA ] ), expand ( ADDRESS ), verify ( ADDRESS ), help ( [ $subject ] ),
15517 =head2 Net::Time - time and daytime network client interface
15525 inet_time ( [HOST [, PROTOCOL [, TIMEOUT]]]), inet_daytime ( [HOST [,
15526 PROTOCOL [, TIMEOUT]]])
15534 =head2 Net::hostent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gethost*()
15551 =head2 Net::libnetFAQ, libnetFAQ - libnet Frequently Asked Questions
15559 =item Where to get this document
15561 =item How to contribute to this document
15565 =item Author and Copyright Information
15573 =item Obtaining and installing libnet
15577 =item What is libnet ?
15579 =item Which version of perl do I need ?
15581 =item What other modules do I need ?
15583 =item What machines support libnet ?
15585 =item Where can I get the latest libnet release
15589 =item Using Net::FTP
15593 =item How do I download files from an FTP server ?
15595 =item How do I transfer files in binary mode ?
15597 =item How can I get the size of a file on a remote FTP server ?
15599 =item How can I get the modification time of a file on a remote FTP server
15602 =item How can I change the permissions of a file on a remote server ?
15604 =item Can I do a reget operation like the ftp command ?
15606 =item How do I get a directory listing from an FTP server ?
15608 =item Changing directory to "" does not fail ?
15610 =item I am behind a SOCKS firewall, but the Firewall option does not work ?
15612 =item I am behind an FTP proxy firewall, but cannot access machines outside
15615 =item My ftp proxy firewall does not listen on port 21
15617 =item Is it possible to change the file permissions of a file on an FTP
15620 =item I have seen scripts call a method message, but cannot find it
15623 =item Why does Net::FTP not implement mput and mget methods
15627 =item Using Net::SMTP
15631 =item Why can't the part of an Email address after the @ be used as the
15634 =item Why does Net::SMTP not do DNS MX lookups ?
15636 =item The verify method always returns true ?
15640 =item Debugging scripts
15644 =item How can I debug my scripts that use Net::* modules ?
15648 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
15652 =head2 Net::netent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getnet*()
15669 =head2 Net::protoent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getproto*()
15684 =head2 Net::servent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getserv*()
15701 =head2 Netrc, Net::Netrc - OO interface to users netrc file
15709 =item THE .netrc FILE
15711 machine name, default, login name, password string, account string, macdef
15716 lookup ( MACHINE [, LOGIN ])
15720 login (), password (), account (), lpa ()
15730 =head2 O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends
15740 =item IMPLEMENTATION
15746 =head2 ODBM_File - Tied access to odbm files
15754 C<O_RDONLY>, C<O_WRONLY>, C<O_RDWR>
15760 =item C<odbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...>
15764 =item BUGS AND WARNINGS
15768 =head2 Opcode - Disable named opcodes when compiling perl code
15780 =item Operator Names and Operator Lists
15782 an operator name (opname), an operator tag name (optag), a negated opname
15783 or optag, an operator set (opset)
15785 =item Opcode Functions
15787 opcodes, opset (OP, ...), opset_to_ops (OPSET), opset_to_hex (OPSET),
15788 full_opset, empty_opset, invert_opset (OPSET), verify_opset (OPSET, ...),
15789 define_optag (OPTAG, OPSET), opmask_add (OPSET), opmask, opdesc (OP, ...),
15792 =item Manipulating Opsets
15794 =item TO DO (maybe)
15800 =item Predefined Opcode Tags
15802 :base_core, :base_mem, :base_loop, :base_io, :base_orig, :base_math,
15803 :base_thread, :default, :filesys_read, :sys_db, :browse, :filesys_open,
15804 :filesys_write, :subprocess, :ownprocess, :others, :still_to_be_decided,
15813 =head2 Opcode::Safe, Safe - Compile and execute code in restricted
15822 a new namespace, an operator mask
15828 =item RECENT CHANGES
15830 =item Methods in class Safe
15832 permit (OP, ...), permit_only (OP, ...), deny (OP, ...), deny_only (OP,
15833 ...), trap (OP, ...), untrap (OP, ...), share (NAME, ...), share_from
15834 (PACKAGE, ARRAYREF), varglob (VARNAME), reval (STRING), rdo (FILENAME),
15835 root (NAMESPACE), mask (MASK)
15837 =item Some Safety Issues
15839 Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes
15847 =head2 Opcode::ops, ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when
15860 =head2 POSIX - Perl interface to IEEE Std 1003.1
15874 _exit, abort, abs, access, acos, alarm, asctime, asin, assert, atan, atan2,
15875 atexit, atof, atoi, atol, bsearch, calloc, ceil, chdir, chmod, chown,
15876 clearerr, clock, close, closedir, cos, cosh, creat, ctermid, ctime,
15877 cuserid, difftime, div, dup, dup2, errno, execl, execle, execlp, execv,
15878 execve, execvp, exit, exp, fabs, fclose, fcntl, fdopen, feof, ferror,
15879 fflush, fgetc, fgetpos, fgets, fileno, floor, fmod, fopen, fork, fpathconf,
15880 fprintf, fputc, fputs, fread, free, freopen, frexp, fscanf, fseek, fsetpos,
15881 fstat, ftell, fwrite, getc, getchar, getcwd, getegid, getenv, geteuid,
15882 getgid, getgrgid, getgrnam, getgroups, getlogin, getpgrp, getpid, getppid,
15883 getpwnam, getpwuid, gets, getuid, gmtime, isalnum, isalpha, isatty,
15884 iscntrl, isdigit, isgraph, islower, isprint, ispunct, isspace, isupper,
15885 isxdigit, kill, labs, ldexp, ldiv, link, localeconv, localtime, log, log10,
15886 longjmp, lseek, malloc, mblen, mbstowcs, mbtowc, memchr, memcmp, memcpy,
15887 memmove, memset, mkdir, mkfifo, mktime, modf, nice, offsetof, open,
15888 opendir, pathconf, pause, perror, pipe, pow, printf, putc, putchar, puts,
15889 qsort, raise, rand, read, readdir, realloc, remove, rename, rewind,
15890 rewinddir, rmdir, scanf, setgid, setjmp, setlocale, setpgid, setsid,
15891 setuid, sigaction, siglongjmp, sigpending, sigprocmask, sigsetjmp,
15892 sigsuspend, sin, sinh, sleep, sprintf, sqrt, srand, sscanf, stat, strcat,
15893 strchr, strcmp, strcoll, strcpy, strcspn, strerror, strftime, strlen,
15894 strncat, strncmp, strncpy, strpbrk, strrchr, strspn, strstr, strtod,
15895 strtok, strtol, strtoul, strxfrm, sysconf, system, tan, tanh, tcdrain,
15896 tcflow, tcflush, tcgetpgrp, tcsendbreak, tcsetpgrp, time, times, tmpfile,
15897 tmpnam, tolower, toupper, ttyname, tzname, tzset, umask, uname, ungetc,
15898 unlink, utime, vfprintf, vprintf, vsprintf, wait, waitpid, wcstombs,
15905 =item POSIX::SigAction
15909 =item POSIX::SigSet
15911 new, addset, delset, emptyset, fillset, ismember
15913 =item POSIX::Termios
15915 new, getattr, getcc, getcflag, getiflag, getispeed, getlflag, getoflag,
15916 getospeed, setattr, setcc, setcflag, setiflag, setispeed, setlflag,
15917 setoflag, setospeed, Baud rate values, Terminal interface values, c_cc
15918 field values, c_cflag field values, c_iflag field values, c_lflag field
15919 values, c_oflag field values
15923 =item PATHNAME CONSTANTS
15927 =item POSIX CONSTANTS
15931 =item SYSTEM CONFIGURATION
15985 Constants, WNOHANG, WUNTRACED, Macros, WIFEXITED, WEXITSTATUS, WIFSIGNALED,
15986 WTERMSIG, WIFSTOPPED, WSTOPSIG
15990 =head2 PerlIO - On demand loader for PerlIO layers and root of PerlIO::*
15999 unix, stdio, perlio, crlf, utf8, raw
16003 =item Defaults and how to override them
16013 =head2 PerlIO::Scalar - support module for in-memory IO.
16023 =head2 PerlIO::Via - Helper class for PerlIO layers implemented in perl
16031 $class->PUSHED([$mode[,$fh]]), $obj->POPPED([$fh]),
16032 $class->OPEN($path,$mode[,$fh]), $class->FDOPEN($fd),
16033 $class->SYSOPEN($path,$imode,$perm,$fh), $obj->FILENO($fh),
16034 $obj->READ($buffer,$len,$fh), $obj->WRITE($buffer,$fh), $obj->FILL($fh),
16035 $obj->CLOSE($fh), $obj->SEEK($posn,$whence,$fh), $obj->TELL($fh),
16036 $obj->UNREAD($buffer,$fh), $obj->FLUSH($fh), $obj->SETLINEBUF($fh),
16037 $obj->CLEARERR($fh), $obj->ERROR($fh), $obj->EOF($fh)
16041 =item Example - a Hexadecimal Handle
16047 =head2 Pod::Checker, podchecker() - check pod documents for syntax errors
16053 =item OPTIONS/ARGUMENTS
16059 B<-warnings> =E<gt> I<val>
16071 empty =headn, =over on line I<N> without closing =back, =item without
16072 previous =over, =back without previous =over, No argument for =begin, =end
16073 without =begin, Nested =begin's, =for without formatter specification,
16074 unresolved internal link I<NAME>, Unknown command "I<CMD>", Unknown
16075 interior-sequence "I<SEQ>", nested commands
16076 I<CMD>E<lt>...I<CMD>E<lt>...E<gt>...E<gt>, garbled entity I<STRING>, Entity
16077 number out of range, malformed link LE<lt>E<gt>, nonempty ZE<lt>E<gt>,
16078 empty XE<lt>E<gt>, Spurious text after =pod / =cut, Spurious character(s)
16083 multiple occurence of link target I<name>, line containing nothing but
16084 whitespace in paragraph, file does not start with =head, previous =item has
16085 no contents, preceding non-item paragraph(s), =item type mismatch (I<one>
16086 vs. I<two>), I<N> unescaped C<E<lt>E<gt>> in paragraph, Unknown entity, No
16087 items in =over, No argument for =item, empty section in previous paragraph,
16088 Verbatim paragraph in NAME section
16092 ignoring leading/trailing whitespace in link, (section) in '$page'
16093 deprecated, alternative text/node '%s' contains non-escaped | or /
16105 C<Pod::Checker-E<gt>new( %options )>
16107 C<$checker-E<gt>poderror( @args )>, C<$checker-E<gt>poderror( {%opts},
16110 C<$checker-E<gt>num_errors()>
16112 C<$checker-E<gt>name()>
16114 C<$checker-E<gt>node()>
16116 C<$checker-E<gt>idx()>
16118 C<$checker-E<gt>hyperlink()>
16126 =head2 Pod::Find - find POD documents in directory trees
16138 =item C<pod_find( { %opts } , @directories )>
16140 C<-verbose =E<gt> 1>, C<-perl =E<gt> 1>, C<-script =E<gt> 1>, C<-inc =E<gt>
16147 =item C<simplify_name( $str )>
16153 =item C<pod_where( { %opts }, $pod )>
16155 C<-inc =E<gt> 1>, C<-dirs =E<gt> [ $dir1, $dir2, ... ]>, C<-verbose =E<gt>
16162 =item C<contains_pod( $file , $verbose )>
16174 =head2 Pod::Html - module to convert pod files to HTML
16184 backlink, cachedir, css, flush, header, help, htmldir, htmlroot, index,
16185 infile, libpods, netscape, outfile, podpath, podroot, quiet, recurse,
16200 =head2 Pod::InputObjects - objects representing POD input paragraphs,
16213 package B<Pod::InputSource>, package B<Pod::Paragraph>, package
16214 B<Pod::InteriorSequence>, package B<Pod::ParseTree>
16220 =item B<Pod::InputSource>
16244 =item B<was_cutting()>
16250 =item B<Pod::Paragraph>
16256 =item Pod::Paragraph-E<gt>B<new()>
16262 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<cmd_name()>
16268 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<text()>
16274 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<raw_text()>
16280 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<cmd_prefix()>
16286 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<cmd_separator()>
16292 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<parse_tree()>
16298 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<file_line()>
16304 =item B<Pod::InteriorSequence>
16310 =item Pod::InteriorSequence-E<gt>B<new()>
16316 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<cmd_name()>
16322 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<prepend()>
16328 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<append()>
16334 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<nested()>
16340 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<raw_text()>
16346 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<left_delimiter()>
16352 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<right_delimiter()>
16358 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<parse_tree()>
16364 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<file_line()>
16370 =item Pod::InteriorSequence::B<DESTROY()>
16376 =item B<Pod::ParseTree>
16382 =item Pod::ParseTree-E<gt>B<new()>
16388 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<top()>
16394 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<children()>
16400 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<prepend()>
16406 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<append()>
16412 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<raw_text()>
16418 =item Pod::ParseTree::B<DESTROY()>
16430 =head2 Pod::LaTeX - Convert Pod data to formatted Latex
16442 =item OBJECT METHODS
16450 =item Data Accessors
16466 B<ReplaceNAMEwithSection>
16468 B<StartWithNewPage>
16482 =item Subclassed methods
16496 B<interior_sequence>
16512 =item Methods for headings
16520 =item Internal methods
16526 B<_replace_special_chars>
16528 B<_replace_special_chars_late>
16534 B<_clean_latex_commands>
16536 B<_split_delimited>
16552 =head2 Pod::Man - Convert POD data to formatted *roff input
16560 center, date, fixed, fixedbold, fixeditalic, fixedbolditalic, name, quotes,
16565 roff font should be 1 or 2 chars, not "%s", Invalid link %s, Invalid quote
16566 specification "%s", %s:%d: Unknown command paragraph "%s", %s:%d: Unknown
16567 escape EE<lt>%sE<gt>, %s:%d: Unknown formatting code %s, %s:%d: Unmatched
16578 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
16582 =head2 Pod::ParseLink -- Parse an LE<lt>E<gt> formatting code in POD text
16592 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
16596 =head2 Pod::ParseUtils - helpers for POD parsing and conversion
16610 Pod::List-E<gt>new()
16618 $list-E<gt>indent()
16626 $list-E<gt>parent()
16632 =item Pod::Hyperlink
16634 Pod::Hyperlink-E<gt>new()
16638 $link-E<gt>parse($string)
16640 $link-E<gt>markup($string)
16644 $link-E<gt>warning()
16646 $link-E<gt>file(), $link-E<gt>line()
16652 $link-E<gt>alttext()
16662 Pod::Cache-E<gt>new()
16668 $cache-E<gt>find_page($name)
16672 =item Pod::Cache::Item
16674 Pod::Cache::Item-E<gt>new()
16678 $cacheitem-E<gt>page()
16680 $cacheitem-E<gt>description()
16682 $cacheitem-E<gt>path()
16684 $cacheitem-E<gt>file()
16686 $cacheitem-E<gt>nodes()
16688 $cacheitem-E<gt>find_node($name)
16690 $cacheitem-E<gt>idx()
16700 =head2 Pod::Parser - base class for creating POD filters and translators
16712 =item QUICK OVERVIEW
16714 =item PARSING OPTIONS
16716 B<-want_nonPODs> (default: unset), B<-process_cut_cmd> (default: unset),
16717 B<-warnings> (default: unset)
16723 =item RECOMMENDED SUBROUTINE/METHOD OVERRIDES
16731 C<$cmd>, C<$text>, C<$line_num>, C<$pod_para>
16737 =item B<verbatim()>
16739 C<$text>, C<$line_num>, C<$pod_para>
16745 =item B<textblock()>
16747 C<$text>, C<$line_num>, C<$pod_para>
16753 =item B<interior_sequence()>
16759 =item OPTIONAL SUBROUTINE/METHOD OVERRIDES
16771 =item B<initialize()>
16777 =item B<begin_pod()>
16783 =item B<begin_input()>
16789 =item B<end_input()>
16801 =item B<preprocess_line()>
16807 =item B<preprocess_paragraph()>
16813 =item METHODS FOR PARSING AND PROCESSING
16819 =item B<parse_text()>
16821 B<-expand_seq> =E<gt> I<code-ref>|I<method-name>, B<-expand_text> =E<gt>
16822 I<code-ref>|I<method-name>, B<-expand_ptree> =E<gt>
16823 I<code-ref>|I<method-name>
16829 =item B<interpolate()>
16835 =item B<parse_paragraph()>
16841 =item B<parse_from_filehandle()>
16847 =item B<parse_from_file()>
16853 =item ACCESSOR METHODS
16859 =item B<errorsub()>
16871 =item B<parseopts()>
16877 =item B<output_file()>
16883 =item B<output_handle()>
16889 =item B<input_file()>
16895 =item B<input_handle()>
16901 =item B<input_streams()>
16907 =item B<top_stream()>
16913 =item PRIVATE METHODS AND DATA
16919 =item B<_push_input_stream()>
16925 =item B<_pop_input_stream()>
16931 =item TREE-BASED PARSING
16939 =head2 Pod::Plainer - Perl extension for converting Pod to old style Pod.
16959 =head2 Pod::Select, podselect() - extract selected sections of POD from
16972 =item SECTION SPECIFICATIONS
16974 =item RANGE SPECIFICATIONS
16980 =item OBJECT METHODS
16986 =item B<curr_headings()>
16998 =item B<add_selection()>
17004 =item B<clear_selections()>
17010 =item B<match_section()>
17016 =item B<is_selected()>
17022 =item EXPORTED FUNCTIONS
17028 =item B<podselect()>
17030 B<-output>, B<-sections>, B<-ranges>
17036 =item PRIVATE METHODS AND DATA
17042 =item B<_compile_section_spec()>
17048 =item $self->{_SECTION_HEADINGS}
17054 =item $self->{_SELECTED_SECTIONS}
17066 =head2 Pod::Text - Convert POD data to formatted ASCII text
17074 alt, code, indent, loose, quotes, sentence, width
17078 Bizarre space in item, Item called without tag, Can't open %s for reading:
17079 %s, Invalid quote specification "%s", %s:%d: Unknown command paragraph: %s,
17080 %s:%d: Unknown escape: %s, %s:%d: Unknown formatting code: %s, %s:%d:
17091 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
17095 =head2 Pod::Text::Color - Convert POD data to formatted color ASCII text
17109 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
17113 =head2 Pod::Text::Overstrike - Convert POD data to formatted overstrike
17128 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
17132 =head2 Pod::Text::Termcap, Pod::Text::Color - Convert POD data to ASCII
17133 text with format escapes
17147 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
17151 =head2 Pod::Usage, pod2usage() - print a usage message from embedded pod
17160 C<-message>, C<-msg>, C<-exitval>, C<-verbose>, C<-output>, C<-input>,
17169 =item Recommended Use
17177 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
17181 =head2 Pod::t::basic, basic.pod - Test of various basic POD features in
17188 =item This C<is> a "level 1" heading
17192 =item ``Level'' "2 I<heading>
17196 =item This C<is> a "level 1" heading
17200 =item ``Level'' 2 I<heading>
17206 =item OVER AND ITEMS
17208 This is a test, a, b, a, b, c, d, "foo", B<bar>, C<baz>, Some longer item
17211 =item FORMATTING CODES
17213 E<amp>, E<apos>, E<lt>, E<gt>, E<quot>, E<sol>
17221 =head2 Pod::t::htmlescp, Escape Sequences Test
17229 =head2 Pod::t::htmlview, Test HTML Rendering
17237 =item METHODS =E<gt> OTHER STUFF
17243 foo, bar, baz, C<Black> Cat, Sat S<I<on> the>, MatE<lt>!E<gt>, 1 Cat, 2
17250 =item TESTING FOR AND BEGIN
17252 =item TESTING URLs hyperlinking
17258 =head2 SDBM_File - Tied access to sdbm files
17266 C<O_RDONLY>, C<O_WRONLY>, C<O_RDWR>
17272 =item C<sdbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...>
17276 =item BUGS AND WARNINGS
17280 =head2 Safe - Compile and execute code in restricted compartments
17288 a new namespace, an operator mask
17294 =item RECENT CHANGES
17296 =item Methods in class Safe
17298 permit (OP, ...), permit_only (OP, ...), deny (OP, ...), deny_only (OP,
17299 ...), trap (OP, ...), untrap (OP, ...), share (NAME, ...), share_from
17300 (PACKAGE, ARRAYREF), varglob (VARNAME), reval (STRING), rdo (FILENAME),
17301 root (NAMESPACE), mask (MASK)
17303 =item Some Safety Issues
17305 Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes
17313 =head2 Scalar::Util - A selection of general-utility scalar subroutines
17321 blessed EXPR, dualvar NUM, STRING, isweak EXPR, openhandle FH, reftype
17322 EXPR, tainted EXPR, weaken REF
17332 =head2 Search::Dict, look - search for key in dictionary file
17342 =head2 SelectSaver - save and restore selected file handle
17352 =head2 SelfLoader - load functions only on demand
17362 =item The __DATA__ token
17364 =item SelfLoader autoloading
17366 =item Autoloading and package lexicals
17368 =item SelfLoader and AutoLoader
17370 =item __DATA__, __END__, and the FOOBAR::DATA filehandle.
17372 =item Classes and inherited methods.
17376 =item Multiple packages and fully qualified subroutine names
17380 =head2 Shell - run shell commands transparently within perl
17390 =item OBJECT ORIENTED SYNTAX
17398 =head2 Socket, sockaddr_in, sockaddr_un, inet_aton, inet_ntoa - load the C
17399 socket.h defines and structure manipulators
17407 inet_aton HOSTNAME, inet_ntoa IP_ADDRESS, INADDR_ANY, INADDR_BROADCAST,
17408 INADDR_LOOPBACK, INADDR_NONE, sockaddr_family SOCKADDR, sockaddr_in PORT,
17409 ADDRESS, sockaddr_in SOCKADDR_IN, pack_sockaddr_in PORT, IP_ADDRESS,
17410 unpack_sockaddr_in SOCKADDR_IN, sockaddr_un PATHNAME, sockaddr_un
17411 SOCKADDR_UN, pack_sockaddr_un PATH, unpack_sockaddr_un SOCKADDR_UN
17415 =head2 Storable - persistency for perl data structures
17425 =item ADVISORY LOCKING
17429 =item CANONICAL REPRESENTATION
17431 =item ERROR REPORTING
17439 C<STORABLE_freeze> I<obj>, I<cloning>, C<STORABLE_thaw> I<obj>, I<cloning>,
17444 C<Storable::last_op_in_netorder>, C<Storable::is_storing>,
17445 C<Storable::is_retrieving>
17453 =item Storable magic
17471 =head2 Switch - A switch statement for Perl
17485 =item Allowing fall-through
17487 =item Automating fall-through
17489 =item Alternative syntax
17491 =item Higher-order Operations
17507 =head2 Symbol - manipulate Perl symbols and their names
17517 =head2 Sys::Hostname - Try every conceivable way to get hostname
17529 =head2 Syslog, Sys::Syslog, openlog, closelog, setlogmask, syslog - Perl
17530 interface to the UNIX syslog(3) calls
17538 openlog $ident, $logopt, $facility, syslog $priority, $format, @args,
17539 setlogmask $mask_priority, setlogsock $sock_type [$stream_location] (added
17540 in 5.004_02), closelog
17550 =head2 Syslog::Syslog, Sys::Syslog, openlog, closelog, setlogmask, syslog -
17551 Perl interface to the UNIX syslog(3) calls
17559 openlog $ident, $logopt, $facility, syslog $priority, $format, @args,
17560 setlogmask $mask_priority, setlogsock $sock_type [$stream_location] (added
17561 in 5.004_02), closelog
17571 =head2 Term::ANSIColor - Color screen output using ANSI escape sequences
17581 Bad escape sequence %s, Bareword "%s" not allowed while "strict subs" in
17582 use, Invalid attribute name %s, Name "%s" used only once: possible typo, No
17583 comma allowed after filehandle, No name for escape sequence %s
17587 ANSI_COLORS_DISABLED
17601 =head2 Term::Cap - Perl termcap interface
17617 B<Tgetent>, OSPEED, TERM
17619 B<Tpad>, B<$string>, B<$cnt>, B<$FH>
17621 B<Tputs>, B<$cap>, B<$cnt>, B<$FH>
17623 B<Tgoto>, B<$cap>, B<$col>, B<$row>, B<$FH>
17631 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
17639 =head2 Term::Complete - Perl word completion module
17647 E<lt>tabE<gt>, ^D, ^U, E<lt>delE<gt>, E<lt>bsE<gt>
17657 =head2 Term::ReadLine - Perl interface to various C<readline> packages. If
17658 no real package is found, substitutes stubs instead of basic functions.
17666 =item Minimal set of supported functions
17668 C<ReadLine>, C<new>, C<readline>, C<addhistory>, C<IN>, $C<OUT>,
17669 C<MinLine>, C<findConsole>, Attribs, C<Features>
17671 =item Additional supported functions
17673 C<tkRunning>, C<ornaments>, C<newTTY>
17683 =head2 Test - provides a simple framework for writing test scripts
17709 NORMAL TESTS, SKIPPED TESTS, TODO TESTS
17713 =item BUGS and CAVEATS
17723 =head2 Test::Builder - Backend for building test libraries
17743 =item Setting up tests
17759 =item Running tests
17765 B<is_eq>, B<is_num>
17767 B<isnt_eq>, B<isnt_num>
17791 B<no_header>, B<no_ending>
17803 B<output>, B<failure_output>, B<todo_output>
17807 =item Test Status and Info
17815 B<details> I<UNIMPLEMENTED>, B<todo>
17837 =head2 Test::Harness - run perl standard test scripts with statistics
17847 =item The test script output
17849 B<'1..M'>, B<'ok', 'not ok'. Ok?>, B<test numbers>, B<test names>,
17850 B<Skipping tests>, B<Todo tests>, B<Bail out!>, B<Comments>, B<Anything
17855 =item Configuration variables.
17857 B<$Test::Harness::verbose>, B<$Test::Harness::switches>
17861 B<Failed Test>, B<Stat>, B<Wstat>, B<Total>, B<Fail>, B<Failed>, B<List of
17888 C<All tests successful.\nFiles=%d, Tests=%d, %s>, C<FAILED tests
17889 %s\n\tFailed %d/%d tests, %.2f%% okay.>, C<Test returned status %d (wstat
17890 %d)>, C<Failed 1 test, %.2f%% okay. %s>, C<Failed %d/%d tests, %.2f%% okay.
17891 %s>, C<FAILED--Further testing stopped%s>
17895 C<HARNESS_IGNORE_EXITCODE>, C<HARNESS_NOTTY>, C<HARNESS_COMPILE_TEST>,
17896 C<HARNESS_FILELEAK_IN_DIR>, C<HARNESS_PERL_SWITCHES>, C<HARNESS_COLUMNS>,
17911 =head2 Test::Harness::Assert - simple assert
17937 =head2 Test::Harness::Iterator - Internal Test::Harness Iterator
17947 =head2 Test::Harness::Straps - detailed analysis of test results
17985 B<_restore_PERL5LIB>
18001 B<_reset_file_state>
18021 =head2 Test::More - yet another framework for writing test scripts
18031 =item I love it when a plan comes together
18041 =item I'm ok, you're not ok.
18081 =item Conditional tests
18087 B<TODO: BLOCK>, B<todo_skip>
18091 =item Comparison functions
18105 =item Extending and Embedding Test::More
18115 =item BUGS and CAVEATS
18117 Making your own ok(), The eq_* family has some caveats, Test::Harness
18130 =head2 Test::Simple - Basic utilities for writing tests.
18154 L<Test::More>, L<Test>, L<Test::Unit>, L<Test::Inline>, L<SelfTest>,
18163 =head2 Test::Tutorial - A tutorial about writing really basic tests
18171 =item Nuts and bolts of testing.
18173 =item Where to start?
18177 =item Test the manual
18179 =item Sometimes the tests are wrong
18181 =item Testing lots of values
18183 =item Informative names
18185 =item Skipping tests
18189 =item Testing with taint mode.
18201 =head2 Text::Abbrev, abbrev - create an abbreviation table from a list
18213 =head2 Text::Balanced - Extract delimited text sequences from strings.
18223 =item General behaviour in list contexts
18227 =item General behaviour in scalar and void contexts
18229 =item A note about prefixes
18231 =item C<extract_delimited>
18233 =item C<extract_bracketed>
18235 =item C<extract_tagged>
18237 C<reject =E<gt> $listref>, C<ignore =E<gt> $listref>, C<fail =E<gt> $str>,
18238 [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5]
18240 =item C<gen_extract_tagged>
18242 =item C<extract_quotelike>
18244 [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [10]
18246 =item C<extract_quotelike> and "here documents"
18248 [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7..10]
18250 =item C<extract_codeblock>
18252 =item C<extract_multiple>
18254 =item C<gen_delimited_pat>
18260 C<Did not find a suitable bracket: "%s">, C<Did not find prefix: /%s/>,
18261 C<Did not find opening bracket after prefix: "%s">, C<No quotelike
18262 operator found after prefix: "%s">, C<Unmatched closing bracket: "%c">,
18263 C<Unmatched opening bracket(s): "%s">, C<Unmatched embedded quote (%s)>,
18264 C<Did not find closing delimiter to match '%s'>, C<Mismatched closing
18265 bracket: expected "%c" but found "%s">, C<No block delimiter found after
18266 quotelike "%s">, C<Did not find leading dereferencer>, C<Bad identifier
18267 after dereferencer>, C<Did not find expected opening bracket at %s>,
18268 C<Improperly nested codeblock at %s>, C<Missing second block for quotelike
18269 "%s">, C<No match found for opening bracket>, C<Did not find opening tag:
18270 /%s/>, C<Unable to construct closing tag to match: /%s/>, C<Found invalid
18271 nested tag: %s>, C<Found unbalanced nested tag: %s>, C<Did not find closing
18276 =item BUGS AND IRRITATIONS
18282 =head2 Text::ParseWords - parse text into an array of tokens or array of
18297 =head2 Text::Soundex - Implementation of the Soundex Algorithm as Described
18314 =head2 Text::Tabs -- expand and unexpand tabs per the unix expand(1) and
18329 =head2 Text::Wrap - line wrapping to form simple paragraphs
18345 =head2 Thread - manipulate threads in Perl
18357 $thread = Thread->new(\&start_sub), $thread = Thread->new(\&start_sub,
18358 LIST), lock VARIABLE, async BLOCK;, Thread->self, cond_wait VARIABLE,
18359 cond_signal VARIABLE, cond_broadcast VARIABLE, yield
18363 join, eval, detach, equal, tid, flags, done
18371 =head2 Thread::Queue - thread-safe queues
18379 =item FUNCTIONS AND METHODS
18381 new, enqueue LIST, dequeue, dequeue_nb, pending
18387 =head2 Thread::Semaphore - thread-safe semaphores
18395 =item FUNCTIONS AND METHODS
18397 new, new NUMBER, down, down NUMBER, up, up NUMBER
18401 =head2 Thread::Signal - Start a thread which runs signal handlers reliably
18413 =head2 Thread::Specific - thread-specific keys
18423 =head2 Tie::Array - base class for tied arrays
18431 TIEARRAY classname, LIST, STORE this, index, value, FETCH this, index,
18432 FETCHSIZE this, STORESIZE this, count, EXTEND this, count, EXISTS this,
18433 key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, DESTROY this, PUSH this, LIST, POP this,
18434 SHIFT this, UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST
18442 =head2 Tie::File - Access the lines of a disk file via a Perl array
18462 =item Option Format
18466 =item Public Methods
18474 =item C<defer>, C<flush>, C<discard>, and C<autodefer>
18478 =item Tying to an already-opened filehandle
18480 =item Deferred Writing
18484 =item Autodeferring
18492 =item WHAT ABOUT C<DB_File>?
18506 =head2 Tie::Handle, Tie::StdHandle - base class definitions for tied
18515 TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, WRITE this, scalar, length, offset, PRINT this,
18516 LIST, PRINTF this, format, LIST, READ this, scalar, length, offset,
18517 READLINE this, GETC this, CLOSE this, OPEN this, filename, BINMODE this,
18518 EOF this, TELL this, SEEK this, offset, whence, DESTROY this
18520 =item MORE INFORMATION
18522 =item COMPATIBILITY
18526 =head2 Tie::Hash, Tie::StdHash, Tie::ExtraHash - base class definitions for
18535 TIEHASH classname, LIST, STORE this, key, value, FETCH this, key, FIRSTKEY
18536 this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, EXISTS this, key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this
18538 =item Inheriting from B<Tie::StdHash>
18540 =item Inheriting from B<Tie::ExtraHash>
18542 =item C<UNTIE> and C<DESTROY>
18544 =item MORE INFORMATION
18548 =head2 Tie::Memoize - add data to hash when needed
18556 =item Inheriting from B<Tie::Memoize>
18566 =head2 Tie::RefHash - use references as hash keys
18584 =head2 Tie::Scalar, Tie::StdScalar - base class definitions for tied
18593 TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, DESTROY this
18595 =item MORE INFORMATION
18599 =head2 Tie::SubstrHash - Fixed-table-size, fixed-key-length hashing
18611 =head2 Time::HiRes - High resolution alarm, sleep, gettimeofday, interval
18620 gettimeofday (), usleep ( $useconds ), ualarm ( $useconds [,
18621 $interval_useconds ] ), tv_interval, time (), sleep ( $floating_seconds ),
18622 alarm ( $floating_seconds [, $interval_floating_seconds ] ), setitimer,
18623 getitimer ( $which )
18639 =head2 Time::Local - efficiently compute time from local and GMT time
18647 =item IMPLEMENTATION
18653 =head2 Time::gmtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gmtime()
18668 =head2 Time::localtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in localtime()
18683 =head2 Time::tm - internal object used by Time::gmtime and Time::localtime
18695 =head2 UNIVERSAL - base class for ALL classes (blessed references)
18703 $obj->isa( TYPE ), CLASS->isa( TYPE ), isa( VAL, TYPE ), $obj->can( METHOD
18704 ), CLASS->can( METHOD ), can( VAL, METHOD ), VERSION ( [ REQUIRE ] )
18708 =head2 Unicode::Collate - use UCA (Unicode Collation Algorithm)
18718 =item Constructor and Tailoring
18720 alternate, backwards, entry, ignoreName, ignoreChar, level, normalization,
18721 overrideCJK, overrideHangul, preprocess, rearrange, table, undefName,
18722 undefChar, katakana_before_hiragana, upper_before_lower
18724 =item Other methods
18726 C<@sorted = $Collator-E<gt>sort(@not_sorted)>, C<$result =
18727 $Collator-E<gt>cmp($a, $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>eq($a, $b)>,
18728 C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>ne($a, $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>lt($a,
18729 $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>le($a, $b)>, C<$result =
18730 $Collator-E<gt>gt($a, $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>ge($a, $b)>,
18731 C<$sortKey = $Collator-E<gt>getSortKey($string)>, C<$position =
18732 $Collator-E<gt>index($string, $substring)>, C<($position, $length) =
18733 $Collator-E<gt>index($string, $substring)>
18747 Unicode Collation Algorithm - Unicode TR #10, L<Unicode::Normalize>
18751 =head2 Unicode::Normalize - normalized forms of Unicode text
18761 =item Normalization Forms
18763 C<$NFD_string = NFD($string)>, C<$NFC_string = NFC($string)>,
18764 C<$NFKD_string = NFKD($string)>, C<$NFKC_string = NFKC($string)>,
18765 C<$normalized_string = normalize($form_name, $string)>
18767 =item Decomposition and Composition
18769 C<$decomposed_string = decompose($string)>, C<$decomposed_string =
18770 decompose($string, $useCompatMapping)>, C<$reordered_string =
18771 reorder($string)>, C<$composed_string = compose($string)>
18775 C<$result = checkNFD($string)>, C<$result = checkNFC($string)>, C<$result =
18776 checkNFKD($string)>, C<$result = checkNFKC($string)>, C<$result =
18777 check($form_name, $string)>
18779 =item Character Data
18781 C<$canonical_decomposed = getCanon($codepoint)>,
18782 C<$compatibility_decomposed = getCompat($codepoint)>,
18783 C<$codepoint_composite = getComposite($codepoint_here, $codepoint_next)>,
18784 C<$combining_class = getCombinClass($codepoint)>, C<$is_exclusion =
18785 isExclusion($codepoint)>, C<$is_singleton = isSingleton($codepoint)>,
18786 C<$is_non_startar_decomposition = isNonStDecomp($codepoint)>,
18787 C<$may_be_composed_with_prev_char = isComp2nd($codepoint)>
18797 http://www.unicode.org/unicode/reports/tr15/,
18798 http://www.unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/DerivedNormalizationProps.txt
18802 =head2 Unicode::UCD - Unicode character database
18844 =item Blocks versus Scripts
18846 =item Matching Scripts and Blocks
18848 =item Code Point Arguments
18874 =item Unicode::UCD::UnicodeVersion
18880 =item Implementation Note
18892 =head2 User::grent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getgr*()
18907 =head2 User::pwent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getpw*()
18918 =item System Specifics
18932 =head2 Win32 - Interfaces to some Win32 API Functions
18940 =item Alphabetical Listing of Win32 Functions
18942 Win32::AbortSystemShutdown(MACHINE), Win32::BuildNumber(),
18943 Win32::CopyFile(FROM, TO, OVERWRITE), Win32::DomainName(),
18944 Win32::ExpandEnvironmentStrings(STRING), Win32::FormatMessage(ERRORCODE),
18945 Win32::FsType(), Win32::FreeLibrary(HANDLE), Win32::GetArchName(),
18946 Win32::GetChipName(), Win32::GetCwd(), Win32::GetFullPathName(FILENAME),
18947 Win32::GetLastError(), Win32::GetLongPathName(PATHNAME),
18948 Win32::GetNextAvailDrive(), Win32::GetOSVersion(),
18949 Win32::GetShortPathName(PATHNAME), Win32::GetProcAddress(INSTANCE,
18950 PROCNAME), Win32::GetTickCount(), Win32::InitiateSystemShutdown,
18951 Win32::IsWinNT(), Win32::IsWin95(), Win32::LoadLibrary(LIBNAME),
18952 Win32::LoginName(), Win32::LookupAccountName(SYSTEM, ACCOUNT, DOMAIN, SID,
18953 SIDTYPE), Win32::LookupAccountSID(SYSTEM, SID, ACCOUNT, DOMAIN, SIDTYPE),
18954 Win32::MsgBox(MESSAGE [, FLAGS [, TITLE]]), Win32::NodeName(),
18955 Win32::RegisterServer(LIBRARYNAME), Win32::SetChildShowWindow(SHOWWINDOW),
18956 Win32::SetCwd(NEWDIRECTORY), Win32::SetLastError(ERROR),
18957 Win32::Sleep(TIME), Win32::Spawn(COMMAND, ARGS, PID),
18958 Win32::UnregisterServer(LIBRARYNAME)
18964 =head2 XS::Typemap - module to test the XS typemaps distributed with perl
18982 =head2 XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code
18994 =head1 AUXILIARY DOCUMENTATION
18996 Here should be listed all the extra programs' documentation, but they
18997 don't all have manual pages yet:
19023 Larry Wall <F<larry@wall.org>>, with the help of oodles