4 perltoc - perl documentation table of contents
8 This page provides a brief table of contents for the rest of the Perl
9 documentation set. It is meant to be scanned quickly or grepped
10 through to locate the proper section you're looking for.
12 =head1 BASIC DOCUMENTATION
14 =head2 perl - Practical Extraction and Report Language
40 =head2 perlfaq - frequently asked questions about Perl ($Date: 1999/05/23
49 =item perlfaq: Structural overview of the FAQ.
51 =item L<perlfaq1>: General Questions About Perl
53 =item L<perlfaq2>: Obtaining and Learning about Perl
55 =item L<perlfaq3>: Programming Tools
57 =item L<perlfaq4>: Data Manipulation
59 =item L<perlfaq5>: Files and Formats
61 =item L<perlfaq6>: Regexps
63 =item L<perlfaq7>: General Perl Language Issues
65 =item L<perlfaq8>: System Interaction
67 =item L<perlfaq9>: Networking
71 =item About the perlfaq documents
75 =item Where to get the perlfaq
77 =item How to contribute to the perlfaq
79 =item What will happen if you mail your Perl programming problems to the
86 =item Author and Copyright Information
90 =item Bundled Distributions
98 1/November/2000, 23/May/99, 13/April/99, 7/January/99, 22/June/98,
99 24/April/97, 23/April/97, 25/March/97, 18/March/97, 17/March/97 Version,
100 Initial Release: 11/March/97
104 =head2 perlbook - Perl book information
112 =head2 perlsyn - Perl syntax
122 =item Simple statements
124 =item Compound statements
132 =item Basic BLOCKs and Switch Statements
136 =item PODs: Embedded Documentation
138 =item Plain Old Comments (Not!)
144 =head2 perldata - Perl data types
158 =item Scalar value constructors
160 =item List value constructors
164 =item Typeglobs and Filehandles
172 =head2 perlop - Perl operators and precedence
182 =item Terms and List Operators (Leftward)
184 =item The Arrow Operator
186 =item Auto-increment and Auto-decrement
190 =item Symbolic Unary Operators
192 =item Binding Operators
194 =item Multiplicative Operators
196 =item Additive Operators
198 =item Shift Operators
200 =item Named Unary Operators
202 =item Relational Operators
204 =item Equality Operators
208 =item Bitwise Or and Exclusive Or
210 =item C-style Logical And
212 =item C-style Logical Or
214 =item Range Operators
216 =item Conditional Operator
218 =item Assignment Operators
222 =item List Operators (Rightward)
228 =item Logical or and Exclusive Or
230 =item C Operators Missing From Perl
232 unary &, unary *, (TYPE)
234 =item Quote and Quote-like Operators
236 =item Regexp Quote-Like Operators
238 ?PATTERN?, m/PATTERN/cgimosx, /PATTERN/cgimosx, q/STRING/, C<'STRING'>,
239 qq/STRING/, "STRING", qr/STRING/imosx, qx/STRING/, `STRING`, qw/STRING/,
240 s/PATTERN/REPLACEMENT/egimosx, tr/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds,
241 y/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds
243 =item Gory details of parsing quoted constructs
245 Finding the end, Removal of backslashes before delimiters, Interpolation,
246 C<<<'EOF'>, C<m''>, C<s'''>, C<tr///>, C<y///>, C<''>, C<q//>, C<"">,
247 C<``>, C<qq//>, C<qx//>, C<< <file*glob> >>, C<?RE?>, C</RE/>, C<m/RE/>,
248 C<s/RE/foo/>,, Interpolation of regular expressions, Optimization of
253 =item Constant Folding
255 =item Bitwise String Operators
257 =item Integer Arithmetic
259 =item Floating-point Arithmetic
267 =head2 perlsub - Perl subroutines
277 =item Private Variables via my()
279 =item Persistent Private Variables
281 =item Temporary Values via local()
283 =item Lvalue subroutines
285 =item Passing Symbol Table Entries (typeglobs)
287 =item When to Still Use local()
289 =item Pass by Reference
293 =item Constant Functions
295 =item Overriding Built-in Functions
299 =item Subroutine Attributes
307 =head2 perlfunc - Perl builtin functions
315 =item Perl Functions by Category
317 Functions for SCALARs or strings, Regular expressions and pattern matching,
318 Numeric functions, Functions for real @ARRAYs, Functions for list data,
319 Functions for real %HASHes, Input and output functions, Functions for fixed
320 length data or records, Functions for filehandles, files, or directories,
321 Keywords related to the control flow of your perl program, Keywords related
322 to scoping, Miscellaneous functions, Functions for processes and process
323 groups, Keywords related to perl modules, Keywords related to classes and
324 object-orientedness, Low-level socket functions, System V interprocess
325 communication functions, Fetching user and group info, Fetching network
326 info, Time-related functions, Functions new in perl5, Functions obsoleted
331 =item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions
333 I<-X> FILEHANDLE, I<-X> EXPR, I<-X>, abs VALUE, abs, accept
334 NEWSOCKET,GENERICSOCKET, alarm SECONDS, alarm, atan2 Y,X, bind SOCKET,NAME,
335 binmode FILEHANDLE, DISCIPLINE, binmode FILEHANDLE, bless REF,CLASSNAME,
336 bless REF, caller EXPR, caller, chdir EXPR, chmod LIST, chomp VARIABLE,
337 chomp LIST, chomp, chop VARIABLE, chop LIST, chop, chown LIST, chr NUMBER,
338 chr, chroot FILENAME, chroot, close FILEHANDLE, close, closedir DIRHANDLE,
339 connect SOCKET,NAME, continue BLOCK, cos EXPR, cos, crypt PLAINTEXT,SALT,
340 dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MASK, defined EXPR, defined, delete
341 EXPR, die LIST, do BLOCK, do SUBROUTINE(LIST), do EXPR, dump LABEL, dump,
342 each HASH, eof FILEHANDLE, eof (), eof, eval EXPR, eval BLOCK, exec LIST,
343 exec PROGRAM LIST, exists EXPR, exit EXPR, exp EXPR, exp, fcntl
344 FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, fileno FILEHANDLE, flock FILEHANDLE,OPERATION,
345 fork, format, formline PICTURE,LIST, getc FILEHANDLE, getc, getlogin,
346 getpeername SOCKET, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority WHICH,WHO, getpwnam
347 NAME, getgrnam NAME, gethostbyname NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getprotobyname
348 NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getservbyname NAME,PROTO, gethostbyaddr
349 ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER,
350 getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent, gethostent, getnetent,
351 getprotoent, getservent, setpwent, setgrent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent
352 STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent,
353 endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent, endservent, getsockname SOCKET,
354 getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, glob, gmtime EXPR, goto LABEL,
355 goto EXPR, goto &NAME, grep BLOCK LIST, grep EXPR,LIST, hex EXPR, hex,
356 import, index STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, index STR,SUBSTR, int EXPR, int, ioctl
357 FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, join EXPR,LIST, keys HASH, kill SIGNAL, LIST,
358 last LABEL, last, lc EXPR, lc, lcfirst EXPR, lcfirst, length EXPR, length,
359 link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, listen SOCKET,QUEUESIZE, local EXPR, localtime EXPR,
360 lock, log EXPR, log, lstat EXPR, lstat, m//, map BLOCK LIST, map EXPR,LIST,
361 mkdir FILENAME,MASK, mkdir FILENAME, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget KEY,FLAGS,
362 msgrcv ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS, my EXPR, my EXPR :
363 ATTRIBUTES, next LABEL, next, no Module LIST, oct EXPR, oct, open
364 FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR,LIST,
365 open FILEHANDLE, opendir DIRHANDLE,EXPR, ord EXPR, ord, our EXPR, our EXPR
366 : ATTRIBUTES, pack TEMPLATE,LIST, package NAMESPACE, package, pipe
367 READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, pop ARRAY, pop, pos SCALAR, pos, print FILEHANDLE
368 LIST, print LIST, print, printf FILEHANDLE FORMAT, LIST, printf FORMAT,
369 LIST, prototype FUNCTION, push ARRAY,LIST, q/STRING/, qq/STRING/,
370 qr/STRING/, qx/STRING/, qw/STRING/, quotemeta EXPR, quotemeta, rand EXPR,
371 rand, read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,
372 readdir DIRHANDLE, readline EXPR, readlink EXPR, readlink, readpipe EXPR,
373 recv SOCKET,SCALAR,LENGTH,FLAGS, redo LABEL, redo, ref EXPR, ref, rename
374 OLDNAME,NEWNAME, require VERSION, require EXPR, require, reset EXPR, reset,
375 return EXPR, return, reverse LIST, rewinddir DIRHANDLE, rindex
376 STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, rindex STR,SUBSTR, rmdir FILENAME, rmdir, s///, scalar
377 EXPR, seek FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, seekdir DIRHANDLE,POS, select
378 FILEHANDLE, select, select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, semctl
379 ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, send
380 SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS,TO, send SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS, setpgrp PID,PGRP, setpriority
381 WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shift ARRAY,
382 shift, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS, shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE,
383 shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, shutdown SOCKET,HOW, sin EXPR, sin, sleep
384 EXPR, sleep, sockatmark SOCKET, socket SOCKET,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL,
385 socketpair SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, sort SUBNAME LIST, sort
386 BLOCK LIST, sort LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,LIST, splice
387 ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH, splice ARRAY,OFFSET, splice ARRAY, split
388 /PATTERN/,EXPR,LIMIT, split /PATTERN/,EXPR, split /PATTERN/, split, sprintf
389 FORMAT, LIST, sqrt EXPR, sqrt, srand EXPR, srand, stat FILEHANDLE, stat
390 EXPR, stat, study SCALAR, study, sub BLOCK, sub NAME, sub NAME BLOCK,
391 substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH,REPLACEMENT, substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH, substr
392 EXPR,OFFSET, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen
393 FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE, sysopen FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, sysread
394 FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, sysread FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, sysseek
395 FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, system LIST, system PROGRAM LIST, syswrite
396 FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,
397 syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR, tell FILEHANDLE, tell, telldir DIRHANDLE, tie
398 VARIABLE,CLASSNAME,LIST, tied VARIABLE, time, times, tr///, truncate
399 FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, uc EXPR, uc, ucfirst EXPR,
400 ucfirst, umask EXPR, umask, undef EXPR, undef, unlink LIST, unlink, unpack
401 TEMPLATE,EXPR, untie VARIABLE, unshift ARRAY,LIST, use Module VERSION LIST,
402 use Module VERSION, use Module LIST, use Module, use VERSION, utime LIST,
403 values HASH, vec EXPR,OFFSET,BITS, wait, waitpid PID,FLAGS, wantarray, warn
404 LIST, write FILEHANDLE, write EXPR, write, y///
410 =head2 perlreftut - Mark's very short tutorial about references
416 =item Who Needs Complicated Data Structures?
424 =item Making References
426 =item Using References
444 =item Distribution Conditions
450 =head2 perldsc - Perl Data Structures Cookbook
456 arrays of arrays, hashes of arrays, arrays of hashes, hashes of hashes,
457 more elaborate constructs
461 =item COMMON MISTAKES
463 =item CAVEAT ON PRECEDENCE
465 =item WHY YOU SHOULD ALWAYS C<use strict>
471 =item ARRAYS OF ARRAYS
475 =item Declaration of a ARRAY OF ARRAYS
477 =item Generation of a ARRAY OF ARRAYS
479 =item Access and Printing of a ARRAY OF ARRAYS
483 =item HASHES OF ARRAYS
487 =item Declaration of a HASH OF ARRAYS
489 =item Generation of a HASH OF ARRAYS
491 =item Access and Printing of a HASH OF ARRAYS
495 =item ARRAYS OF HASHES
499 =item Declaration of a ARRAY OF HASHES
501 =item Generation of a ARRAY OF HASHES
503 =item Access and Printing of a ARRAY OF HASHES
507 =item HASHES OF HASHES
511 =item Declaration of a HASH OF HASHES
513 =item Generation of a HASH OF HASHES
515 =item Access and Printing of a HASH OF HASHES
519 =item MORE ELABORATE RECORDS
523 =item Declaration of MORE ELABORATE RECORDS
525 =item Declaration of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS
527 =item Generation of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS
539 =head2 perlrequick - Perl regular expressions quick start
549 =item Simple word matching
551 =item Using character classes
553 =item Matching this or that
555 =item Grouping things and hierarchical matching
557 =item Extracting matches
559 =item Matching repetitions
563 =item Search and replace
565 =item The split operator
573 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
577 =item Acknowledgments
583 =head2 perlpod - plain old documentation
591 =item Verbatim Paragraph
593 =item Command Paragraph
595 =item Ordinary Block of Text
599 =item Embedding Pods in Perl Modules
601 =item Common Pod Pitfalls
611 =head2 perlstyle - Perl style guide
619 =head2 perltrap - Perl traps for the unwary
637 =item Perl4 to Perl5 Traps
639 Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps, Parsing Traps, Numerical
640 Traps, General data type traps, Context Traps - scalar, list contexts,
641 Precedence Traps, General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc,
642 Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps, OS Traps, DBM Traps, Unclassified Traps
644 =item Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps
646 Discontinuance, Deprecation, BugFix, Discontinuance, Discontinuance,
647 Discontinuance, BugFix, Discontinuance, Discontinuance, BugFix,
648 Discontinuance, Deprecation, Discontinuance, Discontinuance
652 Parsing, Parsing, Parsing, Parsing
654 =item Numerical Traps
656 Numerical, Numerical, Numerical, Bitwise string ops
658 =item General data type traps
660 (Arrays), (Arrays), (Hashes), (Globs), (Globs), (Scalar String),
661 (Constants), (Scalars), (Variable Suicide)
663 =item Context Traps - scalar, list contexts
665 (list context), (scalar context), (scalar context), (list, builtin)
667 =item Precedence Traps
669 Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence,
672 =item General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc.
674 Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular
675 Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression,
678 =item Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps
680 (Signals), (Sort Subroutine), warn() won't let you specify a filehandle
686 =item Interpolation Traps
688 Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation,
689 Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation
695 =item Unclassified Traps
697 C<require>/C<do> trap using returned value, C<split> on empty string with
704 =head2 perlrun - how to execute the Perl interpreter
714 =item #! and quoting on non-Unix systems
716 OS/2, MS-DOS, Win95/NT, Macintosh, VMS
718 =item Location of Perl
720 =item Command Switches
722 B<-0>[I<digits>], B<-a>, B<-C>, B<-c>, B<-d>, B<-d:>I<foo[=bar,baz]>,
723 B<-D>I<letters>, B<-D>I<number>, B<-e> I<commandline>, B<-F>I<pattern>,
724 B<-h>, B<-i>[I<extension>], B<-I>I<directory>, B<-l>[I<octnum>],
725 B<-m>[B<->]I<module>, B<-M>[B<->]I<module>, B<-M>[B<->]I<'module ...'>,
726 B<-[mM]>[B<->]I<module=arg[,arg]...>, B<-n>, B<-p>, B<-P>, B<-s>, B<-S>,
727 B<-T>, B<-u>, B<-U>, B<-v>, B<-V>, B<-V:>I<name>, B<-w>, B<-W>, B<-X>,
734 HOME, LOGDIR, PATH, PERL5LIB, PERL5OPT, PERLLIB, PERL5DB, PERL5SHELL
735 (specific to the Win32 port), PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS, PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL,
736 PERL_ROOT (specific to the VMS port), SYS$LOGIN (specific to the VMS port)
740 =head2 perldiag - various Perl diagnostics
748 =head2 perllexwarn - Perl Lexical Warnings
756 =item Default Warnings and Optional Warnings
758 =item What's wrong with B<-w> and C<$^W>
760 =item Controlling Warnings from the Command Line
764 =item Backward Compatibility
766 =item Category Hierarchy
770 =item Reporting Warnings from a Module
782 =head2 perldebtut - Perl debugging tutorial
790 =item Looking at data and -w and w
794 =item Stepping through code
796 =item Placeholder for a, w, t, T
798 =item REGULAR EXPRESSIONS
816 =head2 perldebug - Perl debugging
822 =item The Perl Debugger
826 =item Debugger Commands
828 h [command], p expr, x expr, V [pkg [vars]], X [vars], T, s [expr], n
829 [expr], r, <CR>, c [line|sub], l, l min+incr, l min-max, l line, l subname,
830 -, w [line], f filename, /pattern/, ?pattern?, L, S [[!]regex], t, t expr,
831 b [line] [condition], b subname [condition], b postpone subname
832 [condition], b load filename, b compile subname, d [line], D, a [line]
833 command, a [line], A, W expr, W, O booloption .., O anyoption? .., O
834 option=value .., < ?, < [ command ], << command, > ?, > command, >>
835 command, { ?, { [ command ], {{ command, ! number, ! -number, ! pattern, !!
836 cmd, H -number, q or ^D, R, |dbcmd, ||dbcmd, command, m expr, man [manpage]
838 =item Configurable Options
840 C<recallCommand>, C<ShellBang>, C<pager>, C<tkRunning>, C<signalLevel>,
841 C<warnLevel>, C<dieLevel>, C<AutoTrace>, C<LineInfo>, C<inhibit_exit>,
842 C<PrintRet>, C<ornaments>, C<frame>, C<maxTraceLen>, C<arrayDepth>,
843 C<hashDepth>, C<compactDump>, C<veryCompact>, C<globPrint>, C<DumpDBFiles>,
844 C<DumpPackages>, C<DumpReused>, C<quote>, C<HighBit>, C<undefPrint>,
845 C<UsageOnly>, C<TTY>, C<noTTY>, C<ReadLine>, C<NonStop>
847 =item Debugger input/output
849 Prompt, Multiline commands, Stack backtrace, Line Listing Format, Frame
852 =item Debugging compile-time statements
854 =item Debugger Customization
856 =item Readline Support
858 =item Editor Support for Debugging
860 =item The Perl Profiler
864 =item Debugging regular expressions
866 =item Debugging memory usage
874 =head2 perlvar - Perl predefined variables
882 =item Predefined Names
884 $ARG, $_, $a, $b, $<I<digits>>, $MATCH, $&, $PREMATCH, $`, $POSTMATCH, $',
885 $LAST_PAREN_MATCH, $+, @LAST_MATCH_END, @+, $MULTILINE_MATCHING, $*,
886 input_line_number HANDLE EXPR, $INPUT_LINE_NUMBER, $NR, $,
887 input_record_separator HANDLE EXPR, $INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $RS, $/,
888 autoflush HANDLE EXPR, $OUTPUT_AUTOFLUSH, $|, output_field_separator HANDLE
889 EXPR, $OUTPUT_FIELD_SEPARATOR, $OFS, $,, output_record_separator HANDLE
890 EXPR, $OUTPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $ORS, $\, $LIST_SEPARATOR, $",
891 $SUBSCRIPT_SEPARATOR, $SUBSEP, $;, $OFMT, $#, format_page_number HANDLE
892 EXPR, $FORMAT_PAGE_NUMBER, $%, format_lines_per_page HANDLE EXPR,
893 $FORMAT_LINES_PER_PAGE, $=, format_lines_left HANDLE EXPR,
894 $FORMAT_LINES_LEFT, $-, @LAST_MATCH_START, @-, C<$`> is the same as
895 C<substr($var, 0, $-[0])>, C<$&> is the same as C<substr($var, $-[0], $+[0]
896 - $-[0])>, C<$'> is the same as C<substr($var, $+[0])>, C<$1> is the same
897 as C<substr($var, $-[1], $+[1] - $-[1])>, C<$2> is the same as
898 C<substr($var, $-[2], $+[2] - $-[2])>, C<$3> is the same as C<substr $var,
899 $-[3], $+[3] - $-[3])>, format_name HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_NAME, $~,
900 format_top_name HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_TOP_NAME, $^,
901 format_line_break_characters HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_LINE_BREAK_CHARACTERS,
902 $:, format_formfeed HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_FORMFEED, $^L, $ACCUMULATOR, $^A,
903 $CHILD_ERROR, $?, $OS_ERROR, $ERRNO, $!, $EXTENDED_OS_ERROR, $^E,
904 $EVAL_ERROR, $@, $PROCESS_ID, $PID, $$, $REAL_USER_ID, $UID, $<,
905 $EFFECTIVE_USER_ID, $EUID, $>, $REAL_GROUP_ID, $GID, $(,
906 $EFFECTIVE_GROUP_ID, $EGID, $), $PROGRAM_NAME, $0, $[, $], $COMPILING, $^C,
907 $DEBUGGING, $^D, $SYSTEM_FD_MAX, $^F, $^H, %^H, $INPLACE_EDIT, $^I, $^M,
908 $OSNAME, $^O, $PERLDB, $^P, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80,
909 0x100, 0x200, $LAST_REGEXP_CODE_RESULT, $^R, $EXCEPTIONS_BEING_CAUGHT, $^S,
910 $BASETIME, $^T, $PERL_VERSION, $^V, $WARNING, $^W, ${^WARNING_BITS},
911 ${^WIDE_SYSTEM_CALLS}, $EXECUTABLE_NAME, $^X, $ARGV, @ARGV, @F, @INC, @_,
912 %INC, %ENV, $ENV{expr}, %SIG, $SIG{expr}
914 =item Error Indicators
916 =item Technical Note on the Syntax of Variable Names
924 =head2 perllol - Manipulating Arrays of Arrays in Perl
932 =item Declaration and Access of Arrays of Arrays
934 =item Growing Your Own
936 =item Access and Printing
948 =head2 perlopentut - tutorial on opening things in Perl
954 =item Open E<agrave> la shell
964 =item Mixing Reads and Writes
970 =item Open E<agrave> la C
974 =item Permissions E<agrave> la mode
978 =item Obscure Open Tricks
982 =item Re-Opening Files (dups)
984 =item Dispelling the Dweomer
988 =item Single Argument Open
990 =item Playing with STDIN and STDOUT
994 =item Other I/O Issues
998 =item Opening Non-File Files
1008 =item AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT
1014 =head2 perlretut - Perl regular expressions tutorial
1020 =item Part 1: The basics
1024 =item Simple word matching
1026 =item Using character classes
1028 =item Matching this or that
1030 =item Grouping things and hierarchical matching
1032 =item Extracting matches
1034 =item Matching repetitions
1036 =item Building a regexp
1038 =item Using regular expressions in Perl
1042 =item Part 2: Power tools
1046 =item More on characters, strings, and character classes
1048 =item Compiling and saving regular expressions
1050 =item Embedding comments and modifiers in a regular expression
1052 =item Non-capturing groupings
1054 =item Looking ahead and looking behind
1056 =item Using independent subexpressions to prevent backtracking
1058 =item Conditional expressions
1060 =item A bit of magic: executing Perl code in a regular expression
1062 =item Pragmas and debugging
1070 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1074 =item Acknowledgments
1080 =head2 perlre - Perl regular expressions
1090 =item Regular Expressions
1092 cntrl, graph, print, punct, xdigit
1094 =item Extended Patterns
1096 C<(?#text)>, C<(?imsx-imsx)>, C<(?:pattern)>, C<(?imsx-imsx:pattern)>,
1097 C<(?=pattern)>, C<(?!pattern)>, C<(?<=pattern)>, C<(?<!pattern)>, C<(?{
1098 code })>, C<(??{ code })>, C<< (?>pattern) >>,
1099 C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)>, C<(?(condition)yes-pattern)>
1103 =item Version 8 Regular Expressions
1105 =item Warning on \1 vs $1
1107 =item Repeated patterns matching zero-length substring
1109 =item Combining pieces together
1111 C<ST>, C<S|T>, C<S{REPEAT_COUNT}>, C<S{min,max}>, C<S{min,max}?>, C<S?>,
1112 C<S*>, C<S+>, C<S??>, C<S*?>, C<S+?>, C<< (?>S) >>, C<(?=S)>, C<(?<=S)>,
1113 C<(?!S)>, C<(?<!S)>, C<(??{ EXPR })>,
1114 C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)>
1116 =item Creating custom RE engines
1126 =head2 perlref - Perl references and nested data structures
1136 =item Making References
1138 =item Using References
1140 =item Symbolic references
1142 =item Not-so-symbolic references
1144 =item Pseudo-hashes: Using an array as a hash
1146 =item Function Templates
1156 =head2 perlform - Perl formats
1164 =item Format Variables
1174 =item Accessing Formatting Internals
1182 =head2 perlboot - Beginner's Object-Oriented Tutorial
1190 =item If we could talk to the animals...
1192 =item Introducing the method invocation arrow
1194 =item Invoking a barnyard
1196 =item The extra parameter of method invocation
1198 =item Calling a second method to simplify things
1200 =item Inheriting the windpipes
1202 =item A few notes about @ISA
1204 =item Overriding the methods
1206 =item Starting the search from a different place
1208 =item The SUPER way of doing things
1210 =item Where we're at so far...
1212 =item A horse is a horse, of course of course -- or is it?
1214 =item Invoking an instance method
1216 =item Accessing the instance data
1218 =item How to build a horse
1220 =item Inheriting the constructor
1222 =item Making a method work with either classes or instances
1224 =item Adding parameters to a method
1226 =item More interesting instances
1228 =item A horse of a different color
1240 =head2 perltoot - Tom's object-oriented tutorial for perl
1246 =item Creating a Class
1250 =item Object Representation
1252 =item Class Interface
1254 =item Constructors and Instance Methods
1256 =item Planning for the Future: Better Constructors
1260 =item Other Object Methods
1268 =item Accessing Class Data
1270 =item Debugging Methods
1272 =item Class Destructors
1274 =item Documenting the Interface
1284 =item Overridden Methods
1286 =item Multiple Inheritance
1288 =item UNIVERSAL: The Root of All Objects
1292 =item Alternate Object Representations
1296 =item Arrays as Objects
1298 =item Closures as Objects
1302 =item AUTOLOAD: Proxy Methods
1306 =item Autoloaded Data Methods
1308 =item Inherited Autoloaded Data Methods
1312 =item Metaclassical Tools
1318 =item Data Members as Variables
1326 =item Object Terminology
1332 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1338 =item Acknowledgments
1344 =head2 perltootc - Tom's OO Tutorial for Class Data in Perl
1350 =item Class Data in a Can
1352 =item Class Data as Package Variables
1356 =item Putting All Your Eggs in One Basket
1358 =item Inheritance Concerns
1360 =item The Eponymous Meta-Object
1362 =item Indirect References to Class Data
1364 =item Monadic Classes
1366 =item Translucent Attributes
1370 =item Class Data as Lexical Variables
1374 =item Privacy and Responsibility
1376 =item File-Scoped Lexicals
1378 =item More Inheritance Concerns
1380 =item Locking the Door and Throwing Away the Key
1382 =item Translucency Revisited
1390 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1392 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
1398 =head2 perlobj - Perl objects
1406 =item An Object is Simply a Reference
1408 =item A Class is Simply a Package
1410 =item A Method is Simply a Subroutine
1412 =item Method Invocation
1414 =item Indirect Object Syntax
1416 =item Default UNIVERSAL methods
1418 isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] )
1424 =item Two-Phased Garbage Collection
1432 =head2 perlbot - Bag'o Object Tricks (the BOT)
1438 =item OO SCALING TIPS
1440 =item INSTANCE VARIABLES
1442 =item SCALAR INSTANCE VARIABLES
1444 =item INSTANCE VARIABLE INHERITANCE
1446 =item OBJECT RELATIONSHIPS
1448 =item OVERRIDING SUPERCLASS METHODS
1450 =item USING RELATIONSHIP WITH SDBM
1452 =item THINKING OF CODE REUSE
1454 =item CLASS CONTEXT AND THE OBJECT
1456 =item INHERITING A CONSTRUCTOR
1462 =head2 perltie - how to hide an object class in a simple variable
1474 TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, UNTIE this,
1479 TIEARRAY classname, LIST, FETCH this, index, STORE this, index, value,
1480 FETCHSIZE this, STORESIZE this, count, EXTEND this, count, EXISTS this,
1481 key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, PUSH this, LIST, POP this, SHIFT this,
1482 UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST, UNTIE this, DESTROY
1487 USER, HOME, CLOBBER, LIST, TIEHASH classname, LIST, FETCH this, key, STORE
1488 this, key, value, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, EXISTS this, key, FIRSTKEY
1489 this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, UNTIE this, DESTROY this
1491 =item Tying FileHandles
1493 TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, WRITE this, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this,
1494 LIST, READ this, LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, CLOSE this, UNTIE this,
1499 =item The C<untie> Gotcha
1511 =head2 perlipc - Perl interprocess communication (signals, fifos, pipes,
1512 safe subprocesses, sockets, and semaphores)
1528 =item Using open() for IPC
1534 =item Background Processes
1536 =item Complete Dissociation of Child from Parent
1538 =item Safe Pipe Opens
1540 =item Bidirectional Communication with Another Process
1542 =item Bidirectional Communication with Yourself
1546 =item Sockets: Client/Server Communication
1550 =item Internet Line Terminators
1552 =item Internet TCP Clients and Servers
1554 =item Unix-Domain TCP Clients and Servers
1558 =item TCP Clients with IO::Socket
1562 =item A Simple Client
1564 C<Proto>, C<PeerAddr>, C<PeerPort>
1566 =item A Webget Client
1568 =item Interactive Client with IO::Socket
1572 =item TCP Servers with IO::Socket
1574 Proto, LocalPort, Listen, Reuse
1576 =item UDP: Message Passing
1590 =head2 perlfork - Perl's fork() emulation (EXPERIMENTAL, subject to change)
1600 =item Behavior of other Perl features in forked pseudo-processes
1602 $$ or $PROCESS_ID, %ENV, chdir() and all other builtins that accept
1603 filenames, wait() and waitpid(), kill(), exec(), exit(), Open handles to
1604 files, directories and network sockets
1606 =item Resource limits
1608 =item Killing the parent process
1610 =item Lifetime of the parent process and pseudo-processes
1612 =item CAVEATS AND LIMITATIONS
1614 BEGIN blocks, Open filehandles, Forking pipe open() not yet implemented,
1615 Global state maintained by XSUBs, Interpreter embedded in larger
1616 application, Thread-safety of extensions
1628 =head2 perlnumber - semantics of numbers and numeric operations in Perl
1636 =item Storing numbers
1638 =item Numeric operators and numeric conversions
1640 =item Flavors of Perl numeric operations
1642 Arithmetic operators except, C<no integer>, Arithmetic operators except,
1643 C<use integer>, Bitwise operators, C<no integer>, Bitwise operators, C<use
1644 integer>, Operators which expect an integer, Operators which expect a
1653 =head2 perlthrtut - tutorial on threads in Perl
1659 =item What Is A Thread Anyway?
1661 =item Threaded Program Models
1673 =item Native threads
1675 =item What kind of threads are perl threads?
1677 =item Threadsafe Modules
1683 =item Basic Thread Support
1685 =item Creating Threads
1687 =item Giving up control
1689 =item Waiting For A Thread To Exit
1691 =item Errors In Threads
1693 =item Ignoring A Thread
1697 =item Threads And Data
1701 =item Shared And Unshared Data
1703 =item Thread Pitfall: Races
1705 =item Controlling access: lock()
1707 =item Thread Pitfall: Deadlocks
1709 =item Queues: Passing Data Around
1713 =item Threads And Code
1717 =item Semaphores: Synchronizing Data Access
1719 Basic semaphores, Advanced Semaphores
1721 =item Attributes: Restricting Access To Subroutines
1723 =item Subroutine Locks
1727 =item Locking A Subroutine
1731 =item General Thread Utility Routines
1735 =item What Thread Am I In?
1739 =item Are These Threads The Same?
1741 =item What Threads Are Running?
1745 =item A Complete Example
1753 =item Introductory Texts
1755 =item OS-Related References
1757 =item Other References
1761 =item Acknowledgements
1769 =head2 perlport - Writing portable Perl
1775 Not all Perl programs have to be portable, Nearly all of Perl already I<is>
1784 =item Numbers endianness and Width
1786 =item Files and Filesystems
1788 =item System Interaction
1790 =item Interprocess Communication (IPC)
1792 =item External Subroutines (XS)
1794 =item Standard Modules
1798 =item Character sets and character encoding
1800 =item Internationalisation
1802 =item System Resources
1812 Mailing list: cpan-testers@perl.org, Testing results:
1813 http://testers.cpan.org/
1821 =item DOS and Derivatives
1829 =item EBCDIC Platforms
1837 =item FUNCTION IMPLEMENTATIONS
1841 =item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions
1843 -I<X> FILEHANDLE, -I<X> EXPR, -I<X>, alarm SECONDS, alarm, binmode
1844 FILEHANDLE, chmod LIST, chown LIST, chroot FILENAME, chroot, crypt
1845 PLAINTEXT,SALT, dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MODE, dump LABEL, exec
1846 LIST, fcntl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, flock FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, fork,
1847 getlogin, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority WHICH,WHO, getpwnam NAME,
1848 getgrnam NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getnetbyaddr
1849 ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER, getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent,
1850 getgrent, gethostent, getnetent, getprotoent, getservent, setpwent,
1851 setgrent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN,
1852 setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent, endhostent, endnetent,
1853 endprotoent, endservent, getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, glob,
1854 ioctl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, kill SIGNAL, LIST, link OLDFILE,NEWFILE,
1855 lstat FILEHANDLE, lstat EXPR, lstat, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget KEY,FLAGS,
1856 msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS, msgrcv ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR,
1857 open FILEHANDLE, pipe READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, readlink EXPR, readlink,
1858 select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, semctl ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget
1859 KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, setgrent, setpgrp PID,PGRP,
1860 setpriority WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setpwent, setsockopt
1861 SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS,
1862 shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE, shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, sockatmark SOCKET,
1863 socketpair SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, stat FILEHANDLE, stat
1864 EXPR, stat, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen
1865 FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, system LIST, times, truncate
1866 FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, umask EXPR, umask, utime LIST,
1867 wait, waitpid PID,FLAGS
1873 v1.48, 02 February 2001, v1.47, 22 March 2000, v1.46, 12 February 2000,
1874 v1.45, 20 December 1999, v1.44, 19 July 1999, v1.43, 24 May 1999, v1.42, 22
1875 May 1999, v1.41, 19 May 1999, v1.40, 11 April 1999, v1.39, 11 February
1876 1999, v1.38, 31 December 1998, v1.37, 19 December 1998, v1.36, 9 September
1877 1998, v1.35, 13 August 1998, v1.33, 06 August 1998, v1.32, 05 August 1998,
1878 v1.30, 03 August 1998, v1.23, 10 July 1998
1880 =item Supported Platforms
1884 =item AUTHORS / CONTRIBUTORS
1890 =head2 perllocale - Perl locale handling (internationalization and
1897 =item PREPARING TO USE LOCALES
1903 =item The use locale pragma
1905 =item The setlocale function
1907 =item Finding locales
1909 =item LOCALE PROBLEMS
1911 =item Temporarily fixing locale problems
1913 =item Permanently fixing locale problems
1915 =item Permanently fixing your system's locale configuration
1917 =item Fixing system locale configuration
1919 =item The localeconv function
1923 =item LOCALE CATEGORIES
1927 =item Category LC_COLLATE: Collation
1929 =item Category LC_CTYPE: Character Types
1931 =item Category LC_NUMERIC: Numeric Formatting
1933 =item Category LC_MONETARY: Formatting of monetary amounts
1937 =item Other categories
1945 PERL_BADLANG, LC_ALL, LANGUAGE, LC_CTYPE, LC_COLLATE, LC_MONETARY,
1946 LC_NUMERIC, LC_TIME, LANG
1952 =item Backward compatibility
1954 =item I18N:Collate obsolete
1956 =item Sort speed and memory use impacts
1958 =item write() and LC_NUMERIC
1960 =item Freely available locale definitions
1964 =item An imperfect standard
1972 =item Broken systems
1982 =head2 perlunicode - Unicode support in Perl
1990 =item Important Caveats
1992 Input and Output Disciplines, Regular Expressions, C<use utf8> still needed
1993 to enable a few features
1995 =item Byte and Character semantics
1997 =item Effects of character semantics
1999 =item Character encodings for input and output
2009 =head2 perlebcdic - Considerations for running Perl on EBCDIC platforms
2015 =item COMMON CHARACTER CODE SETS
2023 =item Latin 1 (ISO 8859-1)
2027 =item 13 variant characters
2035 =item Unicode and UTF
2039 =item SINGLE OCTET TABLES
2041 recipe 0, recipe 1, recipe 2, recipe 3, recipe 4, recipe 5, recipe 6
2043 =item IDENTIFYING CHARACTER CODE SETS
2057 =item OPERATOR DIFFERENCES
2059 =item FUNCTION DIFFERENCES
2061 chr(), ord(), pack(), print(), printf(), sort(), sprintf(), unpack()
2063 =item REGULAR EXPRESSION DIFFERENCES
2071 =item Ignore ASCII vs. EBCDIC sort differences.
2073 =item MONO CASE then sort data.
2075 =item Convert, sort data, then re convert.
2077 =item Perform sorting on one type of machine only.
2081 =item TRANSFORMATION FORMATS
2085 =item URL decoding and encoding
2087 =item uu encoding and decoding
2089 =item Quoted-Printable encoding and decoding
2091 =item Caesarian ciphers
2095 =item Hashing order and checksums
2099 =item MULTI OCTET CHARACTER SETS
2111 chcp, dataset access, OS/390, z/OS iconv, locales
2131 =head2 perlsec - Perl security
2139 =item Laundering and Detecting Tainted Data
2141 =item Switches On the "#!" Line
2143 =item Cleaning Up Your Path
2147 =item Protecting Your Programs
2155 =head2 perlmod - Perl modules (packages and symbol tables)
2167 =item Package Constructors and Destructors
2179 =head2 perlmodlib - constructing new Perl modules and finding existing ones
2185 =item THE PERL MODULE LIBRARY
2189 =item Pragmatic Modules
2191 attributes, attrs, autouse, base, blib, bytes, charnames, constant,
2192 diagnostics, fields, filetest, integer, less, locale, open, ops, overload,
2193 re, sigtrap, strict, subs, unicode::distinct, utf8, vars, warnings,
2196 =item Standard Modules
2198 AnyDBM_File, Attribute::Handlers, AutoLoader, AutoSplit, B, B::Asmdata,
2199 B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Concise, B::Debug,
2200 B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex, B::Stackobj, B::Stash,
2201 B::Terse, B::Xref, Benchmark, ByteLoader, CGI, CGI::Apache, CGI::Carp,
2202 CGI::Cookie, CGI::Fast, CGI::Pretty, CGI::Push, CGI::Switch, CGI::Util,
2203 CPAN, CPAN::FirstTime, CPAN::Nox, Carp, Carp::Heavy, Class::ISA,
2204 Class::Struct, Cwd, DB, DB_File, Devel::SelfStubber, Digest, DirHandle,
2205 Dumpvalue, Encode, Encode::EncodeFormat, Encode::Tcl, English, Env,
2206 Exporter, Exporter::Heavy, ExtUtils::Command, ExtUtils::Constant,
2207 ExtUtils::Embed, ExtUtils::Install, ExtUtils::Installed, ExtUtils::Liblist,
2208 ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin, ExtUtils::MM_OS2, ExtUtils::MM_Unix, ExtUtils::MM_VMS,
2209 ExtUtils::MM_Win32, ExtUtils::MakeMaker, ExtUtils::Manifest,
2210 ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap, ExtUtils::Mksymlists, ExtUtils::Packlist,
2211 ExtUtils::testlib, Fatal, Fcntl, File::Basename, File::CheckTree,
2212 File::Compare, File::Copy, File::DosGlob, File::Find, File::Path,
2213 File::Spec, File::Spec::Epoc, File::Spec::Functions, File::Spec::Mac,
2214 File::Spec::OS2, File::Spec::Unix, File::Spec::VMS, File::Spec::Win32,
2215 File::Temp, File::stat, FileCache, FileHandle, Filter::Simple, FindBin,
2216 Getopt::Long, Getopt::Std, I18N::Collate, I18N::LangTags,
2217 I18N::LangTags::List, IO, IPC::Open2, IPC::Open3, Locale::Constants,
2218 Locale::Country, Locale::Currency, Locale::Language, Locale::Maketext,
2219 Locale::Maketext::TPJ13, Math::BigFloat, Math::BigInt, Math::Complex,
2220 Math::Trig, NDBM_File, NEXT, Net::Ping, Net::hostent, Net::netent,
2221 Net::protoent, Net::servent, O, ODBM_File, Opcode, POSIX, PerlIO,
2222 Pod::Checker, Pod::Find, Pod::Html, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::LaTeX,
2223 Pod::Man, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Parser, Pod::Plainer, Pod::Select,
2224 Pod::Text, Pod::Text::Color, Pod::Text::Overstrike, Pod::Text::Termcap,
2225 Pod::Usage, SDBM_File, Safe, Search::Dict, SelectSaver, SelfLoader, Shell,
2226 Socket, Storable, Switch, Symbol, Term::ANSIColor, Term::Cap,
2227 Term::Complete, Term::ReadLine, Test, Test::Harness, Text::Abbrev,
2228 Text::Balanced, Text::ParseWords, Text::Soundex, Text::Tabs, Text::Wrap,
2229 Tie::Array, Tie::Handle, Tie::Hash, Tie::RefHash, Tie::Scalar,
2230 Tie::SubstrHash, Time::Local, Time::gmtime, Time::localtime, Time::tm,
2231 UNIVERSAL, User::grent, User::pwent, Win32
2233 =item Extension Modules
2245 =item Central America
2257 =item Modules: Creation, Use, and Abuse
2261 =item Guidelines for Module Creation
2263 Adding a Copyright Notice
2265 =item Guidelines for Converting Perl 4 Library Scripts into Modules
2267 =item Guidelines for Reusing Application Code
2275 =head2 perlmodinstall - Installing CPAN Modules
2285 B<DECOMPRESS> the file, B<UNPACK> the file into a directory, B<BUILD> the
2286 module (sometimes unnecessary), B<INSTALL> the module
2300 =head2 perlnewmod - preparing a new module for distribution
2310 =item What should I make into a module?
2312 =item Step-by-step: Preparing the ground
2314 Look around, Check it's new, Discuss the need, Choose a name, Check again
2316 =item Step-by-step: Making the module
2318 Start with F<h2xs>, Use L<strict|strict> and L<warnings|warnings>, Use
2319 L<Carp|Carp>, Use L<Exporter|Exporter> - wisely!, Use L<plain old
2320 documentation|perlpod>, Write tests, Write the README
2322 =item Step-by-step: Distributing your module
2324 Get a CPAN user ID, C<perl Makefile.PL; make test; make dist>, Upload the
2325 tarball, Announce to the modules list, Announce to clpa, Fix bugs!
2335 =head2 perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl ($Revision: 1.23 $, $Date:
2336 1999/05/23 16:08:30 $)
2346 =item Who supports Perl? Who develops it? Why is it free?
2348 =item Which version of Perl should I use?
2350 =item What are perl4 and perl5?
2352 =item What is perl6?
2354 =item How stable is Perl?
2356 =item Is Perl difficult to learn?
2358 =item How does Perl compare with other languages like Java, Python, REXX,
2361 =item Can I do [task] in Perl?
2363 =item When shouldn't I program in Perl?
2365 =item What's the difference between "perl" and "Perl"?
2367 =item Is it a Perl program or a Perl script?
2369 =item What is a JAPH?
2371 =item Where can I get a list of Larry Wall witticisms?
2373 =item How can I convince my sysadmin/supervisor/employees to use version
2374 5/5.005/Perl instead of some other language?
2378 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
2382 =head2 perlfaq2 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl ($Revision: 1.32 $,
2383 $Date: 1999/10/14 18:46:09 $)
2391 =item What machines support Perl? Where do I get it?
2393 =item How can I get a binary version of Perl?
2395 =item I don't have a C compiler on my system. How can I compile perl?
2397 =item I copied the Perl binary from one machine to another, but scripts
2400 =item I grabbed the sources and tried to compile but gdbm/dynamic
2401 loading/malloc/linking/... failed. How do I make it work?
2403 =item What modules and extensions are available for Perl? What is CPAN?
2404 What does CPAN/src/... mean?
2406 =item Is there an ISO or ANSI certified version of Perl?
2408 =item Where can I get information on Perl?
2410 =item What are the Perl newsgroups on Usenet? Where do I post questions?
2412 =item Where should I post source code?
2416 References, Tutorials, Task-Oriented, Special Topics
2418 =item Perl in Magazines
2420 =item Perl on the Net: FTP and WWW Access
2422 =item What mailing lists are there for Perl?
2424 =item Archives of comp.lang.perl.misc
2426 =item Where can I buy a commercial version of Perl?
2428 =item Where do I send bug reports?
2430 =item What is perl.com? Perl Mongers? pm.org? perl.org?
2434 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
2438 =head2 perlfaq3 - Programming Tools ($Revision: 1.38 $, $Date: 1999/05/23
2447 =item How do I do (anything)?
2449 =item How can I use Perl interactively?
2451 =item Is there a Perl shell?
2453 =item How do I debug my Perl programs?
2455 =item How do I profile my Perl programs?
2457 =item How do I cross-reference my Perl programs?
2459 =item Is there a pretty-printer (formatter) for Perl?
2461 =item Is there a ctags for Perl?
2463 =item Is there an IDE or Windows Perl Editor?
2465 Komodo, The Object System, Open Perl IDE, PerlBuilder, visiPerl+,
2466 CodeMagicCD, GNU Emacs, MicroEMACS, XEmacs, Elvis, Vile, Vim, Codewright,
2467 MultiEdit, SlickEdit, Bash, Ksh, Tcsh, Zsh, BBEdit and BBEdit Lite, Alpha
2469 =item Where can I get Perl macros for vi?
2471 =item Where can I get perl-mode for emacs?
2473 =item How can I use curses with Perl?
2475 =item How can I use X or Tk with Perl?
2477 =item How can I generate simple menus without using CGI or Tk?
2479 =item What is undump?
2481 =item How can I make my Perl program run faster?
2483 =item How can I make my Perl program take less memory?
2485 =item Is it unsafe to return a pointer to local data?
2487 =item How can I free an array or hash so my program shrinks?
2489 =item How can I make my CGI script more efficient?
2491 =item How can I hide the source for my Perl program?
2493 =item How can I compile my Perl program into byte code or C?
2495 =item How can I compile Perl into Java?
2497 =item How can I get C<#!perl> to work on [MS-DOS,NT,...]?
2499 =item Can I write useful Perl programs on the command line?
2501 =item Why don't Perl one-liners work on my DOS/Mac/VMS system?
2503 =item Where can I learn about CGI or Web programming in Perl?
2505 =item Where can I learn about object-oriented Perl programming?
2507 =item Where can I learn about linking C with Perl? [h2xs, xsubpp]
2509 =item I've read perlembed, perlguts, etc., but I can't embed perl in
2510 my C program; what am I doing wrong?
2512 =item When I tried to run my script, I got this message. What does it
2515 =item What's MakeMaker?
2519 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
2523 =head2 perlfaq4 - Data Manipulation ($Revision: 1.49 $, $Date: 1999/05/23
2534 =item Why am I getting long decimals (eg, 19.9499999999999) instead of the
2535 numbers I should be getting (eg, 19.95)?
2537 =item Why isn't my octal data interpreted correctly?
2539 =item Does Perl have a round() function? What about ceil() and floor()?
2542 =item How do I convert bits into ints?
2544 =item Why doesn't & work the way I want it to?
2546 =item How do I multiply matrices?
2548 =item How do I perform an operation on a series of integers?
2550 =item How can I output Roman numerals?
2552 =item Why aren't my random numbers random?
2560 =item How do I find the week-of-the-year/day-of-the-year?
2562 =item How do I find the current century or millennium?
2564 =item How can I compare two dates and find the difference?
2566 =item How can I take a string and turn it into epoch seconds?
2568 =item How can I find the Julian Day?
2570 =item How do I find yesterday's date?
2572 =item Does Perl have a Year 2000 problem? Is Perl Y2K compliant?
2580 =item How do I validate input?
2582 =item How do I unescape a string?
2584 =item How do I remove consecutive pairs of characters?
2586 =item How do I expand function calls in a string?
2588 =item How do I find matching/nesting anything?
2590 =item How do I reverse a string?
2592 =item How do I expand tabs in a string?
2594 =item How do I reformat a paragraph?
2596 =item How can I access/change the first N letters of a string?
2598 =item How do I change the Nth occurrence of something?
2600 =item How can I count the number of occurrences of a substring within a
2603 =item How do I capitalize all the words on one line?
2605 =item How can I split a [character] delimited string except when inside
2606 [character]? (Comma-separated files)
2608 =item How do I strip blank space from the beginning/end of a string?
2610 =item How do I pad a string with blanks or pad a number with zeroes?
2612 =item How do I extract selected columns from a string?
2614 =item How do I find the soundex value of a string?
2616 =item How can I expand variables in text strings?
2618 =item What's wrong with always quoting "$vars"?
2620 =item Why don't my <<HERE documents work?
2622 1. There must be no space after the << part, 2. There (probably) should be
2623 a semicolon at the end, 3. You can't (easily) have any space in front of
2632 =item What is the difference between a list and an array?
2634 =item What is the difference between $array[1] and @array[1]?
2636 =item How can I remove duplicate elements from a list or array?
2640 =item How can I tell whether a list or array contains a certain element?
2642 =item How do I compute the difference of two arrays? How do I compute the
2643 intersection of two arrays?
2645 =item How do I test whether two arrays or hashes are equal?
2647 =item How do I find the first array element for which a condition is true?
2649 =item How do I handle linked lists?
2651 =item How do I handle circular lists?
2653 =item How do I shuffle an array randomly?
2655 =item How do I process/modify each element of an array?
2657 =item How do I select a random element from an array?
2659 =item How do I permute N elements of a list?
2661 =item How do I sort an array by (anything)?
2663 =item How do I manipulate arrays of bits?
2665 =item Why does defined() return true on empty arrays and hashes?
2669 =item Data: Hashes (Associative Arrays)
2673 =item How do I process an entire hash?
2675 =item What happens if I add or remove keys from a hash while iterating over
2678 =item How do I look up a hash element by value?
2680 =item How can I know how many entries are in a hash?
2682 =item How do I sort a hash (optionally by value instead of key)?
2684 =item How can I always keep my hash sorted?
2686 =item What's the difference between "delete" and "undef" with hashes?
2688 =item Why don't my tied hashes make the defined/exists distinction?
2690 =item How do I reset an each() operation part-way through?
2692 =item How can I get the unique keys from two hashes?
2694 =item How can I store a multidimensional array in a DBM file?
2696 =item How can I make my hash remember the order I put elements into it?
2698 =item Why does passing a subroutine an undefined element in a hash create
2701 =item How can I make the Perl equivalent of a C structure/C++ class/hash or
2702 array of hashes or arrays?
2704 =item How can I use a reference as a hash key?
2712 =item How do I handle binary data correctly?
2714 =item How do I determine whether a scalar is a number/whole/integer/float?
2716 =item How do I keep persistent data across program calls?
2718 =item How do I print out or copy a recursive data structure?
2720 =item How do I define methods for every class/object?
2722 =item How do I verify a credit card checksum?
2724 =item How do I pack arrays of doubles or floats for XS code?
2728 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
2732 =head2 perlfaq5 - Files and Formats ($Revision: 1.38 $, $Date: 1999/05/23
2741 =item How do I flush/unbuffer an output filehandle? Why must I do this?
2743 =item How do I change one line in a file/delete a line in a file/insert a
2744 line in the middle of a file/append to the beginning of a file?
2746 =item How do I count the number of lines in a file?
2748 =item How do I make a temporary file name?
2750 =item How can I manipulate fixed-record-length files?
2752 =item How can I make a filehandle local to a subroutine? How do I pass
2753 filehandles between subroutines? How do I make an array of filehandles?
2755 =item How can I use a filehandle indirectly?
2757 =item How can I set up a footer format to be used with write()?
2759 =item How can I write() into a string?
2761 =item How can I output my numbers with commas added?
2763 =item How can I translate tildes (~) in a filename?
2765 =item How come when I open a file read-write it wipes it out?
2767 =item Why do I sometimes get an "Argument list too long" when I use <*>?
2769 =item Is there a leak/bug in glob()?
2771 =item How can I open a file with a leading ">" or trailing blanks?
2773 =item How can I reliably rename a file?
2775 =item How can I lock a file?
2777 =item Why can't I just open(FH, ">file.lock")?
2779 =item I still don't get locking. I just want to increment the number in
2780 the file. How can I do this?
2782 =item All I want to do is append a small amount of text to the end of a
2783 file. Do I still have to use locking?
2785 =item How do I randomly update a binary file?
2787 =item How do I get a file's timestamp in perl?
2789 =item How do I set a file's timestamp in perl?
2791 =item How do I print to more than one file at once?
2793 =item How can I read in an entire file all at once?
2795 =item How can I read in a file by paragraphs?
2797 =item How can I read a single character from a file? From the keyboard?
2799 =item How can I tell whether there's a character waiting on a filehandle?
2801 =item How do I do a C<tail -f> in perl?
2803 =item How do I dup() a filehandle in Perl?
2805 =item How do I close a file descriptor by number?
2807 =item Why can't I use "C:\temp\foo" in DOS paths? What doesn't
2808 `C:\temp\foo.exe` work?
2810 =item Why doesn't glob("*.*") get all the files?
2812 =item Why does Perl let me delete read-only files? Why does C<-i> clobber
2813 protected files? Isn't this a bug in Perl?
2815 =item How do I select a random line from a file?
2817 =item Why do I get weird spaces when I print an array of lines?
2821 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
2825 =head2 perlfaq6 - Regexes ($Revision: 1.27 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 16:08:30 $)
2833 =item How can I hope to use regular expressions without creating illegible
2834 and unmaintainable code?
2836 Comments Outside the Regex, Comments Inside the Regex, Different Delimiters
2838 =item I'm having trouble matching over more than one line. What's wrong?
2840 =item How can I pull out lines between two patterns that are themselves on
2843 =item I put a regular expression into $/ but it didn't work. What's wrong?
2845 =item How do I substitute case insensitively on the LHS while preserving
2848 =item How can I make C<\w> match national character sets?
2850 =item How can I match a locale-smart version of C</[a-zA-Z]/>?
2852 =item How can I quote a variable to use in a regex?
2854 =item What is C</o> really for?
2856 =item How do I use a regular expression to strip C style comments from a
2859 =item Can I use Perl regular expressions to match balanced text?
2861 =item What does it mean that regexes are greedy? How can I get around it?
2863 =item How do I process each word on each line?
2865 =item How can I print out a word-frequency or line-frequency summary?
2867 =item How can I do approximate matching?
2869 =item How do I efficiently match many regular expressions at once?
2871 =item Why don't word-boundary searches with C<\b> work for me?
2873 =item Why does using $&, $`, or $' slow my program down?
2875 =item What good is C<\G> in a regular expression?
2877 =item Are Perl regexes DFAs or NFAs? Are they POSIX compliant?
2879 =item What's wrong with using grep or map in a void context?
2881 =item How can I match strings with multibyte characters?
2883 =item How do I match a pattern that is supplied by the user?
2887 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
2891 =head2 perlfaq7 - Perl Language Issues ($Revision: 1.28 $, $Date:
2892 1999/05/23 20:36:18 $)
2900 =item Can I get a BNF/yacc/RE for the Perl language?
2902 =item What are all these $@%&* punctuation signs, and how do I know when to
2905 =item Do I always/never have to quote my strings or use semicolons and
2908 =item How do I skip some return values?
2910 =item How do I temporarily block warnings?
2912 =item What's an extension?
2914 =item Why do Perl operators have different precedence than C operators?
2916 =item How do I declare/create a structure?
2918 =item How do I create a module?
2920 =item How do I create a class?
2922 =item How can I tell if a variable is tainted?
2924 =item What's a closure?
2926 =item What is variable suicide and how can I prevent it?
2928 =item How can I pass/return a {Function, FileHandle, Array, Hash, Method,
2931 Passing Variables and Functions, Passing Filehandles, Passing Regexes,
2934 =item How do I create a static variable?
2936 =item What's the difference between dynamic and lexical (static) scoping?
2937 Between local() and my()?
2939 =item How can I access a dynamic variable while a similarly named lexical
2942 =item What's the difference between deep and shallow binding?
2944 =item Why doesn't "my($foo) = <FILE>;" work right?
2946 =item How do I redefine a builtin function, operator, or method?
2948 =item What's the difference between calling a function as &foo and foo()?
2950 =item How do I create a switch or case statement?
2952 =item How can I catch accesses to undefined variables/functions/methods?
2954 =item Why can't a method included in this same file be found?
2956 =item How can I find out my current package?
2958 =item How can I comment out a large block of perl code?
2960 =item How do I clear a package?
2962 =item How can I use a variable as a variable name?
2966 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
2970 =head2 perlfaq8 - System Interaction ($Revision: 1.39 $, $Date: 1999/05/23
2979 =item How do I find out which operating system I'm running under?
2981 =item How come exec() doesn't return?
2983 =item How do I do fancy stuff with the keyboard/screen/mouse?
2985 Keyboard, Screen, Mouse
2987 =item How do I print something out in color?
2989 =item How do I read just one key without waiting for a return key?
2991 =item How do I check whether input is ready on the keyboard?
2993 =item How do I clear the screen?
2995 =item How do I get the screen size?
2997 =item How do I ask the user for a password?
2999 =item How do I read and write the serial port?
3001 lockfiles, open mode, end of line, flushing output, non-blocking input
3003 =item How do I decode encrypted password files?
3005 =item How do I start a process in the background?
3007 STDIN, STDOUT, and STDERR are shared, Signals, Zombies
3009 =item How do I trap control characters/signals?
3011 =item How do I modify the shadow password file on a Unix system?
3013 =item How do I set the time and date?
3015 =item How can I sleep() or alarm() for under a second?
3017 =item How can I measure time under a second?
3019 =item How can I do an atexit() or setjmp()/longjmp()? (Exception handling)
3021 =item Why doesn't my sockets program work under System V (Solaris)? What
3022 does the error message "Protocol not supported" mean?
3024 =item How can I call my system's unique C functions from Perl?
3026 =item Where do I get the include files to do ioctl() or syscall()?
3028 =item Why do setuid perl scripts complain about kernel problems?
3030 =item How can I open a pipe both to and from a command?
3032 =item Why can't I get the output of a command with system()?
3034 =item How can I capture STDERR from an external command?
3036 =item Why doesn't open() return an error when a pipe open fails?
3038 =item What's wrong with using backticks in a void context?
3040 =item How can I call backticks without shell processing?
3042 =item Why can't my script read from STDIN after I gave it EOF (^D on Unix,
3045 =item How can I convert my shell script to perl?
3047 =item Can I use perl to run a telnet or ftp session?
3049 =item How can I write expect in Perl?
3051 =item Is there a way to hide perl's command line from programs such as
3054 =item I {changed directory, modified my environment} in a perl script. How
3055 come the change disappeared when I exited the script? How do I get my
3056 changes to be visible?
3060 =item How do I close a process's filehandle without waiting for it to
3063 =item How do I fork a daemon process?
3065 =item How do I find out if I'm running interactively or not?
3067 =item How do I timeout a slow event?
3069 =item How do I set CPU limits?
3071 =item How do I avoid zombies on a Unix system?
3073 =item How do I use an SQL database?
3075 =item How do I make a system() exit on control-C?
3077 =item How do I open a file without blocking?
3079 =item How do I install a module from CPAN?
3081 =item What's the difference between require and use?
3083 =item How do I keep my own module/library directory?
3085 =item How do I add the directory my program lives in to the module/library
3088 =item How do I add a directory to my include path at runtime?
3090 =item What is socket.ph and where do I get it?
3094 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
3098 =head2 perlfaq9 - Networking ($Revision: 1.26 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 16:08:30
3107 =item My CGI script runs from the command line but not the browser. (500
3110 =item How can I get better error messages from a CGI program?
3112 =item How do I remove HTML from a string?
3114 =item How do I extract URLs?
3116 =item How do I download a file from the user's machine? How do I open a
3117 file on another machine?
3119 =item How do I make a pop-up menu in HTML?
3121 =item How do I fetch an HTML file?
3123 =item How do I automate an HTML form submission?
3125 =item How do I decode or create those %-encodings on the web?
3127 =item How do I redirect to another page?
3129 =item How do I put a password on my web pages?
3131 =item How do I edit my .htpasswd and .htgroup files with Perl?
3133 =item How do I make sure users can't enter values into a form that cause my
3134 CGI script to do bad things?
3136 =item How do I parse a mail header?
3138 =item How do I decode a CGI form?
3140 =item How do I check a valid mail address?
3142 =item How do I decode a MIME/BASE64 string?
3144 =item How do I return the user's mail address?
3146 =item How do I send mail?
3148 =item How do I use MIME to make an attachment to a mail message?
3150 =item How do I read mail?
3152 =item How do I find out my hostname/domainname/IP address?
3154 =item How do I fetch a news article or the active newsgroups?
3156 =item How do I fetch/put an FTP file?
3158 =item How can I do RPC in Perl?
3162 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
3166 =head2 perlcompile - Introduction to the Perl Compiler-Translator
3176 B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Lint, B::Deparse, B::Xref
3180 =item Using The Back Ends
3184 =item The Cross Referencing Back End
3188 =item The Decompiling Back End
3190 =item The Lint Back End
3192 =item The Simple C Back End
3194 =item The Bytecode Back End
3196 =item The Optimized C Back End
3198 B, O, B::Asmdata, B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC,
3199 B::Debug, B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex, B::Stackobj,
3200 B::Stash, B::Terse, B::Xref
3204 =item KNOWN PROBLEMS
3210 =head2 perlembed - how to embed perl in your C program
3220 B<Use C from Perl?>, B<Use a Unix program from Perl?>, B<Use Perl from
3221 Perl?>, B<Use C from C?>, B<Use Perl from C?>
3225 =item Compiling your C program
3227 =item Adding a Perl interpreter to your C program
3229 =item Calling a Perl subroutine from your C program
3231 =item Evaluating a Perl statement from your C program
3233 =item Performing Perl pattern matches and substitutions from your C program
3235 =item Fiddling with the Perl stack from your C program
3237 =item Maintaining a persistent interpreter
3239 =item Maintaining multiple interpreter instances
3241 =item Using Perl modules, which themselves use C libraries, from your C
3246 =item Embedding Perl under Win32
3256 =head2 perldebguts - Guts of Perl debugging
3262 =item Debugger Internals
3266 =item Writing Your Own Debugger
3270 =item Frame Listing Output Examples
3272 =item Debugging regular expressions
3276 =item Compile-time output
3278 C<anchored> I<STRING> C<at> I<POS>, C<floating> I<STRING> C<at>
3279 I<POS1..POS2>, C<matching floating/anchored>, C<minlen>, C<stclass>
3280 I<TYPE>, C<noscan>, C<isall>, C<GPOS>, C<plus>, C<implicit>, C<with eval>,
3283 =item Types of nodes
3285 =item Run-time output
3289 =item Debugging Perl memory usage
3293 =item Using C<$ENV{PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS}>
3295 C<buckets SMALLEST(APPROX)..GREATEST(APPROX)>, Free/Used, C<Total sbrk():
3296 SBRKed/SBRKs:CONTINUOUS>, C<pad: 0>, C<heads: 2192>, C<chain: 0>, C<tail:
3299 =item Example of using B<-DL> switch
3301 C<717>, C<002>, C<054>, C<602>, C<702>, C<704>
3303 =item B<-DL> details
3307 =item Limitations of B<-DL> statistics
3315 =head2 perlxstut, perlXStut - Tutorial for writing XSUBs
3327 =item Version caveat
3329 =item Dynamic Loading versus Static Loading
3341 =item What has gone on?
3343 =item Writing good test scripts
3347 =item What's new here?
3349 =item Input and Output Parameters
3351 =item The XSUBPP Program
3353 =item The TYPEMAP file
3355 =item Warning about Output Arguments
3359 =item What has happened here?
3361 =item Anatomy of .xs file
3363 =item Getting the fat out of XSUBs
3365 =item More about XSUB arguments
3367 =item The Argument Stack
3369 =item Extending your Extension
3371 =item Documenting your Extension
3373 =item Installing your Extension
3377 =item New Things in this Example
3381 =item New Things in this Example
3383 =item EXAMPLE 7 (Coming Soon)
3385 =item EXAMPLE 8 (Coming Soon)
3387 =item EXAMPLE 9 (Coming Soon)
3389 =item Troubleshooting these Examples
3405 =head2 perlxs - XS language reference manual
3417 =item The Anatomy of an XSUB
3419 =item The Argument Stack
3421 =item The RETVAL Variable
3423 =item The MODULE Keyword
3425 =item The PACKAGE Keyword
3427 =item The PREFIX Keyword
3429 =item The OUTPUT: Keyword
3431 =item The NO_OUTPUT Keyword
3433 =item The CODE: Keyword
3435 =item The INIT: Keyword
3437 =item The NO_INIT Keyword
3439 =item Initializing Function Parameters
3441 =item Default Parameter Values
3443 =item The PREINIT: Keyword
3445 =item The SCOPE: Keyword
3447 =item The INPUT: Keyword
3449 =item The IN/OUTLIST/IN_OUTLIST/OUT/IN_OUT Keywords
3451 =item Variable-length Parameter Lists
3453 =item The C_ARGS: Keyword
3455 =item The PPCODE: Keyword
3457 =item Returning Undef And Empty Lists
3459 =item The REQUIRE: Keyword
3461 =item The CLEANUP: Keyword
3463 =item The POST_CALL: Keyword
3465 =item The BOOT: Keyword
3467 =item The VERSIONCHECK: Keyword
3469 =item The PROTOTYPES: Keyword
3471 =item The PROTOTYPE: Keyword
3473 =item The ALIAS: Keyword
3475 =item The INTERFACE: Keyword
3477 =item The INTERFACE_MACRO: Keyword
3479 =item The INCLUDE: Keyword
3481 =item The CASE: Keyword
3483 =item The & Unary Operator
3485 =item Inserting POD, Comments and C Preprocessor Directives
3487 =item Using XS With C++
3489 =item Interface Strategy
3491 =item Perl Objects And C Structures
3505 =head2 perlclib - Internal replacements for standard C library functions
3515 C<t>, C<p>, C<n>, C<s>
3517 =item File Operations
3519 =item File Input and Output
3521 =item File Positioning
3523 =item Memory Management and String Handling
3525 =item Character Class Tests
3527 =item F<stdlib.h> functions
3529 =item Miscellaneous functions
3537 =head2 perlguts - Introduction to the Perl API
3549 =item What is an "IV"?
3551 =item Working with SVs
3555 =item What's Really Stored in an SV?
3557 =item Working with AVs
3559 =item Working with HVs
3561 =item Hash API Extensions
3565 =item Blessed References and Class Objects
3567 =item Creating New Variables
3569 =item Reference Counts and Mortality
3571 =item Stashes and Globs
3573 =item Double-Typed SVs
3575 =item Magic Variables
3577 =item Assigning Magic
3579 =item Magic Virtual Tables
3583 =item Understanding the Magic of Tied Hashes and Arrays
3585 =item Localizing changes
3587 C<SAVEINT(int i)>, C<SAVEIV(IV i)>, C<SAVEI32(I32 i)>, C<SAVELONG(long i)>,
3588 C<SAVESPTR(s)>, C<SAVEPPTR(p)>, C<SAVEFREESV(SV *sv)>, C<SAVEMORTALIZESV(SV
3589 *sv)>, C<SAVEFREEOP(OP *op)>, C<SAVEFREEPV(p)>, C<SAVECLEARSV(SV *sv)>,
3590 C<SAVEDELETE(HV *hv, char *key, I32 length)>,
3591 C<SAVEDESTRUCTOR(DESTRUCTORFUNC_NOCONTEXT_t f, void *p)>,
3592 C<SAVEDESTRUCTOR_X(DESTRUCTORFUNC_t f, void *p)>, C<SAVESTACK_POS()>, C<SV*
3593 save_scalar(GV *gv)>, C<AV* save_ary(GV *gv)>, C<HV* save_hash(GV *gv)>,
3594 C<void save_item(SV *item)>, C<void save_list(SV **sarg, I32 maxsarg)>,
3595 C<SV* save_svref(SV **sptr)>, C<void save_aptr(AV **aptr)>, C<void
3596 save_hptr(HV **hptr)>
3604 =item XSUBs and the Argument Stack
3606 =item Calling Perl Routines from within C Programs
3608 =item Memory Allocation
3612 =item Putting a C value on Perl stack
3616 =item Scratchpads and recursion
3626 =item Examining the tree
3628 =item Compile pass 1: check routines
3630 =item Compile pass 1a: constant folding
3632 =item Compile pass 2: context propagation
3634 =item Compile pass 3: peephole optimization
3638 =item Examining internal data structures with the C<dump> functions
3640 =item How multiple interpreters and concurrency are supported
3644 =item Background and PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
3646 =item So what happened to dTHR?
3648 =item How do I use all this in extensions?
3650 =item Should I do anything special if I call perl from multiple threads?
3652 =item Future Plans and PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
3656 =item Internal Functions
3658 A, p, d, s, n, r, f, M, o, j, x
3662 =item Formatted Printing of IVs, UVs, and NVs
3664 =item Pointer-To-Integer and Integer-To-Pointer
3666 =item Source Documentation
3670 =item Unicode Support
3674 =item What B<is> Unicode, anyway?
3676 =item How can I recognise a UTF8 string?
3678 =item How does UTF8 represent Unicode characters?
3680 =item How does Perl store UTF8 strings?
3682 =item How do I convert a string to UTF8?
3684 =item Is there anything else I need to know?
3694 =head2 perlcall - Perl calling conventions from C
3700 An Error Handler, An Event Driven Program
3702 =item THE CALL_ FUNCTIONS
3704 call_sv, call_pv, call_method, call_argv
3724 =item Determining the Context
3728 =item KNOWN PROBLEMS
3734 =item No Parameters, Nothing returned
3736 =item Passing Parameters
3738 =item Returning a Scalar
3740 =item Returning a list of values
3742 =item Returning a list in a scalar context
3744 =item Returning Data from Perl via the parameter list
3748 =item Using G_KEEPERR
3752 =item Using call_argv
3754 =item Using call_method
3758 =item Using Perl to dispose of temporaries
3760 =item Strategies for storing Callback Context Information
3762 1. Ignore the problem - Allow only 1 callback, 2. Create a sequence of
3763 callbacks - hard wired limit, 3. Use a parameter to map to the Perl
3766 =item Alternate Stack Manipulation
3768 =item Creating and calling an anonymous subroutine in C
3780 =head2 perlutil - utilities packaged with the Perl distribution
3790 L<perldoc|perldoc>, L<pod2man|pod2man> and L<pod2text|pod2text>,
3791 L<pod2html|pod2html> and L<pod2latex|pod2latex>, L<pod2usage|pod2usage>,
3792 L<podselect|podselect>, L<podchecker|podchecker>, L<splain|splain>,
3793 L<roffitall|roffitall>
3797 L<a2p|a2p>, L<s2p|s2p>, L<find2perl|find2perl>
3801 L<perlbug|perlbug>, L<h2ph|h2ph>, L<c2ph|c2ph> and L<pstruct|pstruct>,
3802 L<h2xs|h2xs>, L<dprofpp|dprofpp>, L<perlcc|perlcc>
3810 =head2 perlfilter - Source Filters
3820 =item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER
3822 =item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN C
3824 B<Decryption Filters>
3826 =item CREATING A SOURCE FILTER AS A SEPARATE EXECUTABLE
3828 =item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN PERL
3830 =item USING CONTEXT: THE DEBUG FILTER
3842 =head2 perldbmfilter - Perl DBM Filters
3850 B<filter_store_key>, B<filter_store_value>, B<filter_fetch_key>,
3851 B<filter_fetch_value>
3857 =item An Example -- the NULL termination problem.
3859 =item Another Example -- Key is a C int.
3869 =head2 perlapi - autogenerated documentation for the perl public API
3875 AvFILL, av_clear, av_delete, av_exists, av_extend, av_fetch, av_fill,
3876 av_len, av_make, av_pop, av_push, av_shift, av_store, av_undef, av_unshift,
3877 bytes_from_utf8, bytes_to_utf8, call_argv, call_method, call_pv, call_sv,
3878 CLASS, Copy, croak, CvSTASH, cv_const_sv, dMARK, dORIGMARK, dSP, dXSARGS,
3879 dXSI32, ENTER, eval_pv, eval_sv, EXTEND, fbm_compile, fbm_instr, FREETMPS,
3880 get_av, get_cv, get_hv, get_sv, GIMME, GIMME_V, GvSV, gv_fetchmeth,
3881 gv_fetchmethod, gv_fetchmethod_autoload, gv_stashpv, gv_stashsv, G_ARRAY,
3882 G_DISCARD, G_EVAL, G_NOARGS, G_SCALAR, G_VOID, HEf_SVKEY, HeHASH, HeKEY,
3883 HeKLEN, HePV, HeSVKEY, HeSVKEY_force, HeSVKEY_set, HeVAL, HvNAME, hv_clear,
3884 hv_delete, hv_delete_ent, hv_exists, hv_exists_ent, hv_fetch, hv_fetch_ent,
3885 hv_iterinit, hv_iterkey, hv_iterkeysv, hv_iternext, hv_iternextsv,
3886 hv_iterval, hv_magic, hv_store, hv_store_ent, hv_undef, isALNUM, isALPHA,
3887 isDIGIT, isLOWER, isSPACE, isUPPER, is_utf8_char, is_utf8_string, items,
3888 ix, LEAVE, load_module, looks_like_number, MARK, mg_clear, mg_copy,
3889 mg_find, mg_free, mg_get, mg_length, mg_magical, mg_set, Move, New, newAV,
3890 Newc, newCONSTSUB, newHV, newRV_inc, newRV_noinc, NEWSV, newSViv, newSVnv,
3891 newSVpv, newSVpvf, newSVpvn, newSVpvn_share, newSVrv, newSVsv, newSVuv,
3892 newXS, newXSproto, Newz, Nullav, Nullch, Nullcv, Nullhv, Nullsv, ORIGMARK,
3893 perl_alloc, perl_construct, perl_destruct, perl_free, perl_parse, perl_run,
3894 PL_modglobal, PL_na, PL_sv_no, PL_sv_undef, PL_sv_yes, POPi, POPl, POPn,
3895 POPp, POPpbytex, POPpx, POPs, PUSHi, PUSHMARK, PUSHn, PUSHp, PUSHs, PUSHu,
3896 PUTBACK, Renew, Renewc, require_pv, RETVAL, Safefree, savepv, savepvn,
3897 SAVETMPS, SP, SPAGAIN, ST, strEQ, strGE, strGT, strLE, strLT, strNE,
3898 strnEQ, strnNE, StructCopy, SvCUR, SvCUR_set, SvEND, SvGETMAGIC, SvGROW,
3899 SvIOK, SvIOKp, SvIOK_notUV, SvIOK_off, SvIOK_on, SvIOK_only, SvIOK_only_UV,
3900 SvIOK_UV, SvIV, SvIVX, SvLEN, SvNIOK, SvNIOKp, SvNIOK_off, SvNOK, SvNOKp,
3901 SvNOK_off, SvNOK_on, SvNOK_only, SvNV, SvNVX, SvOK, SvOOK, SvPOK, SvPOKp,
3902 SvPOK_off, SvPOK_on, SvPOK_only, SvPOK_only_UTF8, SvPV, SvPVX, SvPV_force,
3903 SvPV_nolen, SvREFCNT, SvREFCNT_dec, SvREFCNT_inc, SvROK, SvROK_off,
3904 SvROK_on, SvRV, SvSETMAGIC, SvSetSV, SvSetSV_nosteal, SvSTASH, SvTAINT,
3905 SvTAINTED, SvTAINTED_off, SvTAINTED_on, SvTRUE, svtype, SvTYPE, SVt_IV,
3906 SVt_NV, SVt_PV, SVt_PVAV, SVt_PVCV, SVt_PVHV, SVt_PVMG, SvUOK, SvUPGRADE,
3907 SvUTF8, SvUTF8_off, SvUTF8_on, SvUV, SvUVX, sv_2mortal, sv_bless, sv_catpv,
3908 sv_catpvf, sv_catpvf_mg, sv_catpvn, sv_catpvn_flags, sv_catpvn_mg,
3909 sv_catpv_mg, sv_catsv, sv_catsv_flags, sv_catsv_mg, sv_chop, sv_clear,
3910 sv_cmp, sv_cmp_locale, sv_dec, sv_derived_from, sv_eq, sv_free, sv_getcwd,
3911 sv_gets, sv_grow, sv_inc, sv_insert, sv_isa, sv_isobject, sv_len,
3912 sv_len_utf8, sv_magic, sv_mortalcopy, sv_newmortal, sv_pvn_force,
3913 sv_pvn_force_flags, sv_pvutf8n_force, sv_realpath, sv_reftype, sv_replace,
3914 sv_rvweaken, sv_setiv, sv_setiv_mg, sv_setnv, sv_setnv_mg, sv_setpv,
3915 sv_setpvf, sv_setpvf_mg, sv_setpviv, sv_setpviv_mg, sv_setpvn,
3916 sv_setpvn_mg, sv_setpv_mg, sv_setref_iv, sv_setref_nv, sv_setref_pv,
3917 sv_setref_pvn, sv_setref_uv, sv_setsv, sv_setsv_flags, sv_setsv_mg,
3918 sv_setuv, sv_setuv_mg, sv_true, sv_unmagic, sv_unref, sv_unref_flags,
3919 sv_upgrade, sv_usepvn, sv_usepvn_mg, sv_utf8_decode, sv_utf8_downgrade,
3920 sv_utf8_encode, sv_utf8_upgrade, sv_utf8_upgrade_flags, sv_vcatpvfn,
3921 sv_vsetpvfn, THIS, toLOWER, toUPPER, utf8n_to_uvchr, utf8n_to_uvuni,
3922 utf8_distance, utf8_hop, utf8_length, utf8_to_bytes, utf8_to_uvchr,
3923 utf8_to_uvuni, uvchr_to_utf8, uvuni_to_utf8, warn, XPUSHi, XPUSHn, XPUSHp,
3924 XPUSHs, XPUSHu, XS, XSRETURN, XSRETURN_EMPTY, XSRETURN_IV, XSRETURN_NO,
3925 XSRETURN_NV, XSRETURN_PV, XSRETURN_UNDEF, XSRETURN_YES, XST_mIV, XST_mNO,
3926 XST_mNV, XST_mPV, XST_mUNDEF, XST_mYES, XS_VERSION, XS_VERSION_BOOTCHECK,
3935 =head2 perlintern - autogenerated documentation of purely B<internal>
3942 djSP, is_gv_magical, LVRET, PL_DBsingle, PL_DBsub, PL_DBtrace, PL_dowarn,
3943 PL_last_in_gv, PL_ofs_sv, PL_rs, start_glob
3951 =head2 perliol - C API for Perl's implementation of IO in Layers.
3961 =item History and Background
3963 =item Layers vs Disciplines
3965 =item Data Structures
3967 1. The functions and attributes of the "layer class", 2. The per-instance
3968 data for a particular handle
3970 =item Functions and Attributes
3972 =item Per-instance Data
3974 =item Layers in action.
3976 =item Per-instance flag bits
3978 PERLIO_F_EOF, PERLIO_F_CANWRITE, PERLIO_F_CANREAD, PERLIO_F_ERROR,
3979 PERLIO_F_TRUNCATE, PERLIO_F_APPEND, PERLIO_F_CRLF, PERLIO_F_UTF8,
3980 PERLIO_F_UNBUF, PERLIO_F_WRBUF, PERLIO_F_RDBUF, PERLIO_F_LINEBUF,
3981 PERLIO_F_TEMP, PERLIO_F_OPEN, PERLIO_F_FASTGETS
3983 =item Methods in Detail
3985 IV (*Pushed)(PerlIO *f,const char *mode, SV *arg);, IV
3986 (*Popped)(PerlIO *f);, PerlIO * (*Open)(...);, SV *
3987 (*Getarg)(PerlIO *f);, IV (*Fileno)(PerlIO *f);, SSize_t
3988 (*Read)(PerlIO *f, void *vbuf, Size_t count);, SSize_t (*Unread)(PerlIO
3989 *f, const void *vbuf, Size_t count);, SSize_t (*Write)(PerlIO *f, const
3990 void *vbuf, Size_t count);, IV (*Seek)(PerlIO *f, Off_t
3991 offset, int whence);, Off_t (*Tell)(PerlIO *f);, IV
3992 (*Close)(PerlIO *f);, IV (*Flush)(PerlIO *f);, IV
3993 (*Fill)(PerlIO *f);, IV (*Eof)(PerlIO *f);, IV
3994 (*Error)(PerlIO *f);, void (*Clearerr)(PerlIO *f);, void
3995 (*Setlinebuf)(PerlIO *f);, STDCHAR * (*Get_base)(PerlIO *f);,
3996 Size_t (*Get_bufsiz)(PerlIO *f);, STDCHAR *
3997 (*Get_ptr)(PerlIO *f);, SSize_t (*Get_cnt)(PerlIO *f);, void
3998 (*Set_ptrcnt)(PerlIO *f,STDCHAR *ptr,SSize_t cnt);
4002 "unix", "perlio", "stdio", "crlf", "mmap", "pending", "raw", "utf8"
4004 =item Extension Layers
4006 ":encoding", ":Scalar", ":Object" or ":Perl"
4012 =head2 perlapio - perl's IO abstraction interface.
4020 1. USE_STDIO, 2. USE_SFIO, 3. USE_PERLIO, B<PerlIO_stdin()>,
4021 B<PerlIO_stdout()>, B<PerlIO_stderr()>, B<PerlIO_open(path, mode)>,
4022 B<PerlIO_fdopen(fd,mode)>, B<PerlIO_reopen(path,mode,f)>,
4023 B<PerlIO_printf(f,fmt,...)>, B<PerlIO_vprintf(f,fmt,a)>,
4024 B<PerlIO_stdoutf(fmt,...)>, B<PerlIO_read(f,buf,count)>,
4025 B<PerlIO_write(f,buf,count)>, B<PerlIO_close(f)>, B<PerlIO_puts(f,s)>,
4026 B<PerlIO_putc(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_ungetc(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_getc(f)>,
4027 B<PerlIO_eof(f)>, B<PerlIO_error(f)>, B<PerlIO_fileno(f)>,
4028 B<PerlIO_clearerr(f)>, B<PerlIO_flush(f)>, B<PerlIO_seek(f,offset,whence)>,
4029 B<PerlIO_tell(f)>, B<PerlIO_getpos(f,p)>, B<PerlIO_setpos(f,p)>,
4030 B<PerlIO_rewind(f)>, B<PerlIO_tmpfile()>, B<PerlIO_setlinebuf(f)>
4034 =item Co-existence with stdio
4036 B<PerlIO_importFILE(f,flags)>, B<PerlIO_exportFILE(f,flags)>,
4037 B<PerlIO_findFILE(f)>, B<PerlIO_releaseFILE(p,f)>
4039 =item "Fast gets" Functions
4041 B<PerlIO_fast_gets(f)>, B<PerlIO_has_cntptr(f)>, B<PerlIO_get_cnt(f)>,
4042 B<PerlIO_get_ptr(f)>, B<PerlIO_set_ptrcnt(f,p,c)>, B<PerlIO_canset_cnt(f)>,
4043 B<PerlIO_set_cnt(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_has_base(f)>, B<PerlIO_get_base(f)>,
4044 B<PerlIO_get_bufsiz(f)>
4046 =item Other Functions
4048 PerlIO_apply_layers(f,mode,layers), PerlIO_binmode(f,ptype,imode,layers),
4049 'E<lt>' read, 'E<gt>' write, '+' read/write, PerlIO_debug(fmt,...)
4055 =head2 perltodo - Perl TO-DO List
4061 =item To do during 5.6.x
4065 =item Support for I/O disciplines
4067 =item Eliminate need for "use utf8";
4069 =item Autoload byte.pm
4071 =item Make "\u{XXXX}" et al work
4073 =item Overloadable regex assertions
4075 =item Unicode collation and normalization
4077 =item Unicode case mappings
4079 =item Unicode regular expression character classes
4081 =item use Thread for iThreads
4083 =item make perl_clone optionally clone ops
4085 =item Work out exit/die semantics for threads
4087 =item Typed lexicals for compiler
4089 =item Compiler workarounds for Win32
4091 =item AUTOLOADing in the compiler
4093 =item Fixing comppadlist when compiling
4095 =item Cleaning up exported namespace
4097 =item Complete signal handling
4099 =item Out-of-source builds
4101 =item POSIX realtime support
4103 =item UNIX98 support
4107 =item Long double conversion
4111 =item Thread-safe regexes
4113 =item Arithmetic on non-Arabic numerals
4115 =item POSIX Unicode character classes
4117 =item Factoring out common suffices/prefices in regexps (trie optimization)
4119 =item Security audit shipped utilities
4121 =item Custom opcodes
4123 =item spawnvp() on Win32
4125 =item DLL Versioning
4127 =item Introduce @( and @)
4129 =item Floating point handling
4131 =item IV/UV preservation
4133 =item Replace pod2html with something using Pod::Parser
4135 =item Automate module testing on CPAN
4137 =item sendmsg and recvmsg
4139 =item Rewrite perlre documentation
4141 =item Convert example code to IO::Handle filehandles
4143 =item Document Win32 choices
4145 =item Check new modules
4147 =item Make roffitall find pods and libs itself
4151 =item To do at some point
4155 =item Remove regular expression recursion
4157 =item Memory leaks after failed eval
4159 =item pack "(stuff)*"
4161 =item bitfields in pack
4163 =item Cross compilation
4165 =item Perl preprocessor / macros
4167 =item Perl lexer in Perl
4169 =item Using POSIX calls internally
4171 =item -i rename file when changed
4173 =item All ARGV input should act like E<lt>E<gt>
4175 =item Support for rerunning debugger
4177 =item my sub foo { }
4179 =item One-pass global destruction
4181 =item Rewrite regexp parser
4183 =item Cache recently used regexps
4185 =item Re-entrant functions
4187 =item Cross-compilation support
4189 =item Bit-shifting bitvectors
4191 =item debugger pragma
4193 =item use less pragma
4195 =item switch structures
4197 =item Cache eval tree
4201 =item Shrink opcode tables
4203 =item Optimize away @_
4205 =item Prototypes versus indirect objects
4209 =item Prototype method calls
4211 =item Return context prototype declarations
4215 =item Garbage collection
4219 =item pack/unpack tutorial
4221 =item Rewrite perldoc
4223 =item Install .3p manpages
4225 =item Unicode tutorial
4227 =item Update POSIX.pm for 1003.1-2
4229 =item Retargetable installation
4231 =item POSIX emulation on non-POSIX systems
4233 =item Rename Win32 headers
4235 =item Finish off lvalue functions
4237 =item Update sprintf documentation
4239 =item Use fchown/fchmod internally
4247 =item ref() in list context
4249 =item Make tr/// return histogram
4251 =item Compile to real threaded code
4253 =item Structured types
4255 =item Modifiable $1 et al.
4257 =item Procedural interfaces for IO::*, etc.
4261 =item Attach/detach debugger from running program
4263 =item Alternative RE syntax module
4267 =item foreach(reverse ...)
4269 =item Constant function cache
4271 =item Approximate regular expression matching
4279 =item Update guts documentation
4281 =item Add more tests
4283 =item Update auxiliary tools
4287 =item Recently done things
4291 =item Safe signal handling
4297 =item setitimer and getimiter
4299 =item Testing __DIE__ hook
4301 =item CPP equivalent in Perl
4303 =item Explicit switch statements
4311 =item perlcc to produce executable
4313 =item END blocks saved in compiled output
4315 =item Secure temporary file module
4317 =item Integrate Time::HiRes
4319 =item Turn Cwd into XS
4321 =item Mmap for input
4323 =item Byte to/from UTF8 and UTF8 to/from local conversion
4325 =item Add sockatmark support
4327 =item Mailing list archives
4331 =item Integrate MacPerl
4333 =item Web "nerve center" for Perl
4335 =item Regular expression tutorial
4337 =item Debugging Tutorial
4339 =item Integrate new modules
4341 =item Integrate profiler
4343 =item Y2K error detection
4345 =item Regular expression debugger
4349 =item "Dynamic" lexicals
4351 =item Cache precompiled modules
4355 =item Deprecated Wishes
4359 =item Loop control on do{}
4361 =item Lexically scoped typeglobs
4367 =item Generalised want()/caller())
4369 =item Named prototypes
4371 =item Built-in globbing
4373 =item Regression tests for suidperl
4375 =item Cached hash values
4377 =item Add compression modules
4379 =item Reorganise documentation into tutorials/references
4381 =item Remove distinction between functions and operators
4383 =item Make XS easier to use
4385 =item Make embedding easier to use
4389 =item my $Package::variable
4391 =item "or" tests defined, not truth
4393 =item "class"-based lexicals
4397 =item Lazy evaluation / tail recursion removal
4403 =head2 perlhack - How to hack at the Perl internals
4409 Does concept match the general goals of Perl?, Where is the
4410 implementation?, Backwards compatibility, Could it be a module instead?, Is
4411 the feature generic enough?, Does it potentially introduce new bugs?, Does
4412 it preclude other desirable features?, Is the implementation robust?, Is
4413 the implementation generic enough to be portable?, Is there enough
4414 documentation?, Is there another way to do it?, Does it create too much
4415 work?, Patches speak louder than words
4419 =item Keeping in sync
4421 rsync'ing the source tree, Using rsync over the LAN, Using pushing over the
4422 NFS, rsync'ing the patches, It's easier, It's more recent, It's more
4423 reliable, It's easier, It's a good reference, Finding a start point,
4424 Finding how to fix a bug, Finding the source of misbehaviour
4426 =item Submitting patches
4428 L<perlguts>, L<perlxstut> and L<perlxs>, L<perlapi>,
4429 F<Porting/pumpkin.pod>, The perl5-porters FAQ
4431 =item Finding Your Way Around
4433 Core modules, Documentation, Configure, Interpreter
4435 =item Elements of the interpreter
4437 Startup, Parsing, Optimization, Running
4439 =item Internal Variable Types
4445 Argument stack, Mark stack, Save stack
4447 =item Millions of Macros
4449 =item Poking at Perl
4451 =item Using a source-level debugger
4453 run [args], break function_name, break source.c:xxx, step, next, continue,
4454 finish, 'enter', print
4456 =item Dumping Perl Data Structures
4462 =item EXTERNAL TOOLS FOR DEBUGGING PERL
4466 =item Rational Software's Purify
4468 =item Purify on Unix
4470 -Accflags=-DPURIFY, -Doptimize='-g', -Uusemymalloc, -Dusemultiplicity
4474 DEFINES, USE_MULTI = define, #PERL_MALLOC = define, CFG = Debug
4476 =item Compaq's/Digital's Third Degree
4478 =item PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL
4480 =item Gprof Profiling
4482 -a, -b, -e routine, -f routine, -s, -z
4484 =item Pixie Profiling
4486 -h, -l, -p[rocedures], -h[eavy], -i[nvocations], -l[ines], -testcoverage,
4491 I<The Road goes ever on and on, down from the door where it began.>
4499 =head2 perlhist - the Perl history records
4507 =item THE KEEPERS OF THE PUMPKIN
4519 =item SELECTED RELEASE SIZES
4521 =item SELECTED PATCH SIZES
4525 =item THE KEEPERS OF THE RECORDS
4529 =head2 perldelta - what will be new for perl v5.8.0
4535 =item Reporting Bugs
4543 =head2 perl572delta, perl571delta - what's new for perl v5.7.2
4549 =item Security Vulnerability Closed
4551 =item Incompatible Changes
4553 =item Future Deprecations
4555 =item Core Enhancements
4557 =item Modules and Pragmata
4563 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
4567 =item Performance Enhancements
4569 =item Utility Changes
4571 =item New Documentation
4573 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
4577 =item New Or Improved Platforms
4579 =item Generic Improvements
4583 =item Selected Bug Fixes
4587 =item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
4591 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
4593 =item Changed Internals
4597 =item Regex pre-/post-compilation items matched up
4603 =item Known Problems
4607 =item AIX vac 5.0.0.0 May Produce Buggy Code For Perl
4609 =item lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
4611 =item lib/io_multihomed Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
4613 =item Test lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
4617 =item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
4619 =item sigaction test 13 in VMS
4621 =item sprintf tests 129 and 130
4623 =item Failure of Thread tests
4625 =item Localising a Tied Variable Leaks Memory
4627 =item Self-tying of Arrays and Hashes Is Forbidden
4629 =item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
4631 =item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental
4635 =item Reporting Bugs
4643 =head2 perl571delta - what's new for perl v5.7.1
4649 =item Security Vulnerability Closed
4651 =item Incompatible Changes
4653 =item Core Enhancements
4657 =item AUTOLOAD Is Now Lvaluable
4659 =item PerlIO is Now The Default
4661 =item Signals Are Now Safe
4665 =item Modules and Pragmata
4671 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
4675 =item Performance Enhancements
4677 =item Utility Changes
4679 =item New Documentation
4695 =item README.solaris
4699 =item Porting/repository.pod
4703 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
4707 =item New Or Improved Platforms
4709 =item Generic Improvements
4711 d_cmsghdr, d_fcntl_can_lock, d_fsync, d_getitimer, d_getpagsz, d_msghdr_s,
4712 need_va_copy, d_readv, d_recvmsg, d_sendmsg, sig_size, d_sockatmark,
4713 d_strtoq, d_u32align, d_ualarm, d_usleep
4717 =item Selected Bug Fixes
4721 =item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
4725 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
4727 =item Changed Internals
4731 =item Known Problems
4735 =item AIX vac 5.0.0.0 May Produce Buggy Code For Perl
4737 =item lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
4739 =item lib/io_multihomed Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
4741 =item Test lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
4745 =item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
4747 =item sigaction test 13 in VMS
4749 =item sprintf tests 129 and 130
4751 =item Failure of Thread tests
4753 =item Localising a Tied Variable Leaks Memory
4755 =item Self-tying of Arrays and Hashes Is Forbidden
4757 =item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
4759 =item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental
4763 =item Reporting Bugs
4771 =head2 perl570delta - what's new for perl v5.7.0
4777 =item Security Vulnerability Closed
4779 =item Incompatible Changes
4781 =item Core Enhancements
4783 =item Modules and Pragmata
4789 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
4793 =item Utility Changes
4795 =item New Documentation
4797 =item Performance Enhancements
4799 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
4803 =item Generic Improvements
4807 =item Selected Bug Fixes
4811 =item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
4815 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
4817 =item Changed Internals
4819 =item Known Problems
4823 =item Unicode Support Still Far From Perfect
4825 =item EBCDIC Still A Lost Platform
4827 =item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
4829 =item ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
4831 =item Test lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
4833 =item Long Doubles Still Don't Work In Solaris
4835 =item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
4837 =item Storable tests fail in some platforms
4839 =item Threads Are Still Experimental
4841 =item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental
4845 =item Reporting Bugs
4853 =head2 perl56delta, perldelta - what's new for perl v5.6.0
4859 =item Core Enhancements
4863 =item Interpreter cloning, threads, and concurrency
4865 =item Lexically scoped warning categories
4867 =item Unicode and UTF-8 support
4869 =item Support for interpolating named characters
4871 =item "our" declarations
4873 =item Support for strings represented as a vector of ordinals
4875 =item Improved Perl version numbering system
4877 =item New syntax for declaring subroutine attributes
4879 =item File and directory handles can be autovivified
4881 =item open() with more than two arguments
4883 =item 64-bit support
4885 =item Large file support
4891 =item Enhanced support for sort() subroutines
4893 =item C<sort $coderef @foo> allowed
4895 =item File globbing implemented internally
4897 =item Support for CHECK blocks
4899 =item POSIX character class syntax [: :] supported
4901 =item Better pseudo-random number generator
4903 =item Improved C<qw//> operator
4905 =item Better worst-case behavior of hashes
4907 =item pack() format 'Z' supported
4909 =item pack() format modifier '!' supported
4911 =item pack() and unpack() support counted strings
4913 =item Comments in pack() templates
4915 =item Weak references
4917 =item Binary numbers supported
4919 =item Lvalue subroutines
4921 =item Some arrows may be omitted in calls through references
4923 =item Boolean assignment operators are legal lvalues
4925 =item exists() is supported on subroutine names
4927 =item exists() and delete() are supported on array elements
4929 =item Pseudo-hashes work better
4931 =item Automatic flushing of output buffers
4933 =item Better diagnostics on meaningless filehandle operations
4935 =item Where possible, buffered data discarded from duped input filehandle
4937 =item eof() has the same old magic as <>
4939 =item binmode() can be used to set :crlf and :raw modes
4941 =item C<-T> filetest recognizes UTF-8 encoded files as "text"
4943 =item system(), backticks and pipe open now reflect exec() failure
4945 =item Improved diagnostics
4947 =item Diagnostics follow STDERR
4949 =item More consistent close-on-exec behavior
4951 =item syswrite() ease-of-use
4953 =item Better syntax checks on parenthesized unary operators
4955 =item Bit operators support full native integer width
4957 =item Improved security features
4959 =item More functional bareword prototype (*)
4961 =item C<require> and C<do> may be overridden
4963 =item $^X variables may now have names longer than one character
4965 =item New variable $^C reflects C<-c> switch
4967 =item New variable $^V contains Perl version as a string
4969 =item Optional Y2K warnings
4971 =item Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings
4975 =item Modules and Pragmata
4981 attributes, B, Benchmark, ByteLoader, constant, charnames, Data::Dumper,
4982 DB, DB_File, Devel::DProf, Devel::Peek, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, English,
4983 Env, Fcntl, File::Compare, File::Find, File::Glob, File::Spec,
4984 File::Spec::Functions, Getopt::Long, IO, JPL, lib, Math::BigInt,
4985 Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Pod::Parser, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Checker,
4986 podchecker, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Find, Pod::Select, podselect, Pod::Usage,
4987 pod2usage, Pod::Text and Pod::Man, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Sys::Hostname,
4988 Term::ANSIColor, Time::Local, Win32, XSLoader, DBM Filters
4994 =item Utility Changes
5008 =item The Perl Debugger
5012 =item Improved Documentation
5014 perlapi.pod, perlboot.pod, perlcompile.pod, perldbmfilter.pod,
5015 perldebug.pod, perldebguts.pod, perlfork.pod, perlfilter.pod, perlhack.pod,
5016 perlintern.pod, perllexwarn.pod, perlnumber.pod, perlopentut.pod,
5017 perlreftut.pod, perltootc.pod, perltodo.pod, perlunicode.pod
5019 =item Performance enhancements
5023 =item Simple sort() using { $a <=> $b } and the like are optimized
5025 =item Optimized assignments to lexical variables
5027 =item Faster subroutine calls
5029 =item delete(), each(), values() and hash iteration are faster
5033 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
5037 =item -Dusethreads means something different
5039 =item New Configure flags
5041 =item Threadedness and 64-bitness now more daring
5047 =item -Duselargefiles
5049 =item installusrbinperl
5055 =item Enhanced Installation Directories
5059 =item Platform specific changes
5063 =item Supported platforms
5067 =item OS390 (OpenEdition MVS)
5075 =item Significant bug fixes
5079 =item <HANDLE> on empty files
5081 =item C<eval '...'> improvements
5083 =item All compilation errors are true errors
5085 =item Implicitly closed filehandles are safer
5087 =item Behavior of list slices is more consistent
5089 =item C<(\$)> prototype and C<$foo{a}>
5091 =item C<goto &sub> and AUTOLOAD
5093 =item C<-bareword> allowed under C<use integer>
5095 =item Failures in DESTROY()
5097 =item Locale bugs fixed
5101 =item Spurious subroutine stubs after failed subroutine calls
5103 =item Taint failures under C<-U>
5105 =item END blocks and the C<-c> switch
5107 =item Potential to leak DATA filehandles
5111 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
5113 "%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same %s, "my sub" not yet
5114 implemented, "our" variable %s redeclared, '!' allowed only after types %s,
5115 / cannot take a count, / must be followed by a, A or Z, / must be followed
5116 by a*, A* or Z*, / must follow a numeric type, /%s/: Unrecognized escape
5117 \\%c passed through, /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c in character class
5118 passed through, /%s/ should probably be written as "%s", %s() called too
5119 early to check prototype, %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element, %s
5120 argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or slice, %s argument is not a
5121 subroutine name, %s package attribute may clash with future reserved word:
5122 %s, (in cleanup) %s, <> should be quotes, Attempt to join self, Bad evalled
5123 substitution pattern, Bad realloc() ignored, Bareword found in conditional,
5124 Binary number > 0b11111111111111111111111111111111 non-portable, Bit vector
5125 size > 32 non-portable, Buffer overflow in prime_env_iter: %s, Can't check
5126 filesystem of script "%s", Can't declare class for non-scalar %s in "%s",
5127 Can't declare %s in "%s", Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default,
5128 Can't modify non-lvalue subroutine call, Can't read CRTL environ, Can't
5129 remove %s: %s, skipping file, Can't return %s from lvalue subroutine, Can't
5130 weaken a nonreference, Character class [:%s:] unknown, Character class
5131 syntax [%s] belongs inside character classes, Constant is not %s reference,
5132 constant(%s): %s, CORE::%s is not a keyword, defined(@array) is deprecated,
5133 defined(%hash) is deprecated, Did not produce a valid header, (Did you mean
5134 "local" instead of "our"?), Document contains no data, entering effective
5135 %s failed, false [] range "%s" in regexp, Filehandle %s opened only for
5136 output, flock() on closed filehandle %s, Global symbol "%s" requires
5137 explicit package name, Hexadecimal number > 0xffffffff non-portable,
5138 Ill-formed CRTL environ value "%s", Ill-formed message in prime_env_iter:
5139 |%s|, Illegal binary digit %s, Illegal binary digit %s ignored, Illegal
5140 number of bits in vec, Integer overflow in %s number, Invalid %s attribute:
5141 %s, Invalid %s attributes: %s, invalid [] range "%s" in regexp, Invalid
5142 separator character %s in attribute list, Invalid separator character %s in
5143 subroutine attribute list, leaving effective %s failed, Lvalue subs
5144 returning %s not implemented yet, Method %s not permitted, Missing
5145 %sbrace%s on \N{}, Missing command in piped open, Missing name in "my sub",
5146 No %s specified for -%c, No package name allowed for variable %s in "our",
5147 No space allowed after -%c, no UTC offset information; assuming local time
5148 is UTC, Octal number > 037777777777 non-portable, panic: del_backref,
5149 panic: kid popen errno read, panic: magic_killbackrefs, Parentheses missing
5150 around "%s" list, Possible unintended interpolation of %s in string,
5151 Possible Y2K bug: %s, pragma "attrs" is deprecated, use "sub NAME : ATTRS"
5152 instead, Premature end of script headers, Repeat count in pack overflows,
5153 Repeat count in unpack overflows, realloc() of freed memory ignored,
5154 Reference is already weak, setpgrp can't take arguments, Strange *+?{} on
5155 zero-length expression, switching effective %s is not implemented, This
5156 Perl can't reset CRTL environ elements (%s), This Perl can't set CRTL
5157 environ elements (%s=%s), Too late to run %s block, Unknown open() mode
5158 '%s', Unknown process %x sent message to prime_env_iter: %s, Unrecognized
5159 escape \\%c passed through, Unterminated attribute parameter in attribute
5160 list, Unterminated attribute list, Unterminated attribute parameter in
5161 subroutine attribute list, Unterminated subroutine attribute list, Value of
5162 CLI symbol "%s" too long, Version number must be a constant number
5166 =item Incompatible Changes
5170 =item Perl Source Incompatibilities
5172 CHECK is a new keyword, Treatment of list slices of undef has changed,
5173 Format of $English::PERL_VERSION is different, Literals of the form
5174 C<1.2.3> parse differently, Possibly changed pseudo-random number
5175 generator, Hashing function for hash keys has changed, C<undef> fails on
5176 read only values, Close-on-exec bit may be set on pipe and socket handles,
5177 Writing C<"$$1"> to mean C<"${$}1"> is unsupported, delete(), each(),
5178 values() and C<\(%h)>, vec(EXPR,OFFSET,BITS) enforces powers-of-two BITS,
5179 Text of some diagnostic output has changed, C<%@> has been removed,
5180 Parenthesized not() behaves like a list operator, Semantics of bareword
5181 prototype C<(*)> have changed, Semantics of bit operators may have changed
5182 on 64-bit platforms, More builtins taint their results
5184 =item C Source Incompatibilities
5186 C<PERL_POLLUTE>, C<PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT>, C<PERL_POLLUTE_MALLOC>
5188 =item Compatible C Source API Changes
5190 C<PATCHLEVEL> is now C<PERL_VERSION>
5192 =item Binary Incompatibilities
5196 =item Known Problems
5200 =item Thread test failures
5202 =item EBCDIC platforms not supported
5204 =item In 64-bit HP-UX the lib/io_multihomed test may hang
5206 =item NEXTSTEP 3.3 POSIX test failure
5208 =item Tru64 (aka Digital UNIX, aka DEC OSF/1) lib/sdbm test failure with
5211 =item UNICOS/mk CC failures during Configure run
5213 =item Arrow operator and arrays
5215 =item Experimental features
5217 Threads, Unicode, 64-bit support, Lvalue subroutines, Weak references, The
5218 pseudo-hash data type, The Compiler suite, Internal implementation of file
5219 globbing, The DB module, The regular expression code constructs:
5223 =item Obsolete Diagnostics
5225 Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Ill-formed
5226 logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter, In string, @%s now must be written as
5227 \@%s, Probable precedence problem on %s, regexp too big, Use of "$$<digit>"
5228 to mean "${$}<digit>" is deprecated
5230 =item Reporting Bugs
5238 =head2 perl5005delta, perldelta - what's new for perl5.005
5244 =item About the new versioning system
5246 =item Incompatible Changes
5250 =item WARNING: This version is not binary compatible with Perl 5.004.
5252 =item Default installation structure has changed
5254 =item Perl Source Compatibility
5256 =item C Source Compatibility
5258 =item Binary Compatibility
5260 =item Security fixes may affect compatibility
5262 =item Relaxed new mandatory warnings introduced in 5.004
5276 =item Regular Expressions
5278 Many new and improved optimizations, Many bug fixes, New regular expression
5279 constructs, New operator for precompiled regular expressions, Other
5280 improvements, Incompatible changes
5282 =item Improved malloc()
5284 =item Quicksort is internally implemented
5286 =item Reliable signals
5288 =item Reliable stack pointers
5290 =item More generous treatment of carriage returns
5294 =item Better support for multiple interpreters
5296 =item Behavior of local() on array and hash elements is now well-defined
5298 =item C<%!> is transparently tied to the L<Errno> module
5300 =item Pseudo-hashes are supported
5302 =item C<EXPR foreach EXPR> is supported
5304 =item Keywords can be globally overridden
5306 =item C<$^E> is meaningful on Win32
5308 =item C<foreach (1..1000000)> optimized
5310 =item C<Foo::> can be used as implicitly quoted package name
5312 =item C<exists $Foo::{Bar::}> tests existence of a package
5314 =item Better locale support
5316 =item Experimental support for 64-bit platforms
5318 =item prototype() returns useful results on builtins
5320 =item Extended support for exception handling
5322 =item Re-blessing in DESTROY() supported for chaining DESTROY() methods
5324 =item All C<printf> format conversions are handled internally
5326 =item New C<INIT> keyword
5328 =item New C<lock> keyword
5330 =item New C<qr//> operator
5332 =item C<our> is now a reserved word
5334 =item Tied arrays are now fully supported
5336 =item Tied handles support is better
5338 =item 4th argument to substr
5340 =item Negative LENGTH argument to splice
5342 =item Magic lvalues are now more magical
5344 =item <> now reads in records
5348 =item Supported Platforms
5354 =item Changes in existing support
5358 =item Modules and Pragmata
5364 B, Data::Dumper, Dumpvalue, Errno, File::Spec, ExtUtils::Installed,
5365 ExtUtils::Packlist, Fatal, IPC::SysV, Test, Tie::Array, Tie::Handle,
5366 Thread, attrs, fields, re
5368 =item Changes in existing modules
5370 Benchmark, Carp, CGI, Fcntl, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, POSIX, DB_File,
5371 MakeMaker, CPAN, Cwd
5375 =item Utility Changes
5377 =item Documentation Changes
5379 =item New Diagnostics
5381 Ambiguous call resolved as CORE::%s(), qualify as such or use &, Bad index
5382 while coercing array into hash, Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent
5383 package, Can't call method "%s" on an undefined value, Can't check
5384 filesystem of script "%s" for nosuid, Can't coerce array into hash, Can't
5385 goto subroutine from an eval-string, Can't localize pseudo-hash element,
5386 Can't use %%! because Errno.pm is not available, Cannot find an opnumber
5387 for "%s", Character class syntax [. .] is reserved for future extensions,
5388 Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Character
5389 class syntax [= =] is reserved for future extensions, %s: Eval-group in
5390 insecure regular expression, %s: Eval-group not allowed, use re 'eval', %s:
5391 Eval-group not allowed at run time, Explicit blessing to '' (assuming
5392 package main), Illegal hex digit ignored, No such array field, No such
5393 field "%s" in variable %s of type %s, Out of memory during ridiculously
5394 large request, Range iterator outside integer range, Recursive inheritance
5395 detected while looking for method '%s' %s, Reference found where even-sized
5396 list expected, Undefined value assigned to typeglob, Use of reserved word
5397 "%s" is deprecated, perl: warning: Setting locale failed
5399 =item Obsolete Diagnostics
5401 Can't mktemp(), Can't write to temp file for B<-e>: %s, Cannot open
5402 temporary file, regexp too big
5404 =item Configuration Changes
5414 =head2 perl5004delta, perldelta - what's new for perl5.004
5420 =item Supported Environments
5426 =item List assignment to %ENV works
5428 =item Change to "Can't locate Foo.pm in @INC" error
5430 =item Compilation option: Binary compatibility with 5.003
5432 =item $PERL5OPT environment variable
5434 =item Limitations on B<-M>, B<-m>, and B<-T> options
5436 =item More precise warnings
5438 =item Deprecated: Inherited C<AUTOLOAD> for non-methods
5440 =item Previously deprecated %OVERLOAD is no longer usable
5442 =item Subroutine arguments created only when they're modified
5444 =item Group vector changeable with C<$)>
5446 =item Fixed parsing of $$<digit>, &$<digit>, etc.
5448 =item Fixed localization of $<digit>, $&, etc.
5450 =item No resetting of $. on implicit close
5452 =item C<wantarray> may return undef
5454 =item C<eval EXPR> determines value of EXPR in scalar context
5456 =item Changes to tainting checks
5458 No glob() or <*>, No spawning if tainted $CDPATH, $ENV, $BASH_ENV, No
5459 spawning if tainted $TERM doesn't look like a terminal name
5461 =item New Opcode module and revised Safe module
5463 =item Embedding improvements
5465 =item Internal change: FileHandle class based on IO::* classes
5467 =item Internal change: PerlIO abstraction interface
5469 =item New and changed syntax
5473 =item New and changed builtin constants
5477 =item New and changed builtin variables
5481 =item New and changed builtin functions
5483 delete on slices, flock, printf and sprintf, keys as an lvalue, my() in
5484 Control Structures, pack() and unpack(), sysseek(), use VERSION, use Module
5485 VERSION LIST, prototype(FUNCTION), srand, $_ as Default, C<m//gc> does not
5486 reset search position on failure, C<m//x> ignores whitespace before ?*+{},
5487 nested C<sub{}> closures work now, formats work right on changing lexicals
5489 =item New builtin methods
5491 isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] )
5493 =item TIEHANDLE now supported
5495 TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this, LIST, READ this
5496 LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, DESTROY this
5498 =item Malloc enhancements
5500 -DPERL_EMERGENCY_SBRK, -DPACK_MALLOC, -DTWO_POT_OPTIMIZE
5502 =item Miscellaneous efficiency enhancements
5506 =item Support for More Operating Systems
5522 use autouse MODULE => qw(sub1 sub2 sub3), use blib, use blib 'dir', use
5523 constant NAME => VALUE, use locale, use ops, use vmsish
5529 =item Required Updates
5531 =item Installation directories
5533 =item Module information summary
5547 =item Object-oriented overrides for builtin operators
5551 =item Utility Changes
5557 Sends converted HTML to standard output
5561 C<void> XSUBs now default to returning nothing
5565 =item C Language API Changes
5567 C<gv_fetchmethod> and C<perl_call_sv>, C<perl_eval_pv>, Extended API for
5570 =item Documentation Changes
5572 L<perldelta>, L<perlfaq>, L<perllocale>, L<perltoot>, L<perlapio>,
5573 L<perlmodlib>, L<perldebug>, L<perlsec>
5575 =item New Diagnostics
5577 "my" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same scope, %s argument is
5578 not a HASH element or slice, Allocation too large: %lx, Allocation too
5579 large, Applying %s to %s will act on scalar(%s), Attempt to free
5580 nonexistent shared string, Attempt to use reference as lvalue in substr,
5581 Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent package, Can't redefine active sort
5582 subroutine %s, Can't use bareword ("%s") as %s ref while "strict refs" in
5583 use, Cannot resolve method `%s' overloading `%s' in package `%s', Constant
5584 subroutine %s redefined, Constant subroutine %s undefined, Copy method did
5585 not return a reference, Died, Exiting pseudo-block via %s, Identifier too
5586 long, Illegal character %s (carriage return), Illegal switch in PERL5OPT:
5587 %s, Integer overflow in hex number, Integer overflow in octal number,
5588 internal error: glob failed, Invalid conversion in %s: "%s", Invalid type
5589 in pack: '%s', Invalid type in unpack: '%s', Name "%s::%s" used only once:
5590 possible typo, Null picture in formline, Offset outside string, Out of
5591 memory!, Out of memory during request for %s, panic: frexp, Possible
5592 attempt to put comments in qw() list, Possible attempt to separate words
5593 with commas, Scalar value @%s{%s} better written as $%s{%s}, Stub found
5594 while resolving method `%s' overloading `%s' in %s, Too late for "B<-T>"
5595 option, untie attempted while %d inner references still exist, Unrecognized
5596 character %s, Unsupported function fork, Use of "$$<digit>" to mean
5597 "${$}<digit>" is deprecated, Value of %s can be "0"; test with defined(),
5598 Variable "%s" may be unavailable, Variable "%s" will not stay shared,
5599 Warning: something's wrong, Ill-formed logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter,
5600 Got an error from DosAllocMem, Malformed PERLLIB_PREFIX, PERL_SH_DIR too
5601 long, Process terminated by SIG%s
5611 =head2 perlaix, README.aix - Perl version 5 on IBM Unix (AIX) systems
5619 =item Compiling Perl 5 on AIX
5623 =item Building Dynamic Extensions on AIX
5625 =item The IBM ANSI C Compiler
5627 =item Using GNU's gcc for building perl
5629 =item Using Large Files with Perl
5635 =item GDBM and Threads
5637 =item NFS filesystems and utime(2)
5647 =head2 perlamiga - Perl under Amiga OS
5663 B<Unix emulation for AmigaOS: ixemul.library>, B<Version of Amiga OS>
5665 =item Starting Perl programs under AmigaOS
5667 =item Shortcomings of Perl under AmigaOS
5669 fork(), some features of the UNIX filesystem regarding link count and file
5670 dates, inplace operation (the -i switch) without backup file, umask()
5671 works, but the correct permissions are only set when the file is
5678 =item Accessing documentation
5686 =item B<GNU> C<info> files
5696 =item Build Prerequisites
5698 =item Getting the perl source
5704 =item Installing the built perl
5714 =head2 perlbs2000, README.BS2000 - building and installing Perl for BS2000.
5736 =item Using Perl in the Posix-Shell
5738 =item Using Perl in "native" BS2000
5740 =item Floating point anomalies
5758 =head2 perlcygwin, README.cygwin - Perl for Cygwin
5768 =item Cygwin = GNU+Cygnus+Windows (Don't leave UNIX without it)
5770 =item Cygwin Configuration
5772 C<PATH>, I<nroff>, Permissions
5780 =item Strip Binaries
5782 =item Optional Libraries
5784 C<-lcrypt>, C<-lgdbm> (C<use GDBM_File>), C<-ldb> (C<use DB_File>),
5785 C<-lcygipc> (C<use IPC::SysV>)
5787 =item Configure-time Options
5789 C<-Uusedl>, C<-Uusemymalloc>, C<-Dusemultiplicity>, C<-Duseperlio>,
5790 C<-Duse64bitint>, C<-Duselongdouble>, C<-Dusethreads>, C<-Duselargefiles>
5792 =item Suspicious Warnings
5794 I<dlsym()>, Win9x and C<d_eofnblk>, Compiler/Preprocessor defines
5812 =item File Permissions
5816 =item Filetime Granularity
5818 =item Tainting Checks
5822 =item Script Portability
5824 Pathnames, Text/Binary, F<.exe>, chown(), Miscellaneous
5832 Documentation, Build, Configure, Make, Install, Tests, Compiled Perl
5833 Source, Compiled Module Source, Perl Modules/Scripts
5843 =head2 perldgux - Perl under DG/UX.
5859 =item Non-threaded Case
5865 =item Installing the built perl
5875 =head2 perlepoc, README.epoc - Perl for EPOC
5883 =item INSTALLING PERL ON EPOC
5885 =item STARTING PERL ON EPOC
5887 =item STOPPING PERL ON EPOC
5889 =item USING PERL ON EPOC
5893 =item I/O Redirection
5903 =item Compiling Perl 5 on the EPOC cross compiling environment
5907 =item SUPPORT STATUS
5915 =head2 perlhpux, README.hpux - Perl version 5 on Hewlett-Packard Unix
5924 =item Compiling Perl 5 on HP-UX
5934 =item Portability Between PA-RISC Versions
5936 =item Itanium Processor Family
5938 =item Building Dynamic Extensions on HP-UX
5940 =item The HP ANSI C Compiler
5942 =item Using Large Files with Perl
5948 =item GDBM and Threads
5950 =item NFS filesystems and utime(2)
5952 =item perl -P and //
5954 =item Kernel parameters (maxdsiz)
5964 =head2 perlmachten, README.machten - Perl version 5 on Power MachTen
5973 =item Compiling Perl 5 on MachTen
5975 =item Failures during C<make test>
5977 op/lexassign.t, pragma/warnings.t
5979 =item Building external modules
5989 =head2 perlmacos, README.macos - Perl under Mac OS (Classic)
6003 =head2 perlmpeix, README.mpeix - Perl/iX for HP e3000 MPE
6015 =item System Requirements
6017 =item How to Obtain Perl/iX
6019 =item Distribution Contents Highlights
6021 README, INSTALL, LIBSHP3K, PERL, .cpan/, lib/, man/,
6022 public_html/feedback.cgi, src/perl-5.6.0-mpe
6024 =item How to Compile Perl/iX
6028 =item Getting Started with Perl/iX
6030 =item MPE/iX Implementation Considerations
6032 =item Known Bugs Under Investigation
6036 =item Change History
6042 =head2 perlos2 - Perl under OS/2, DOS, Win0.3*, Win0.95 and WinNT.
6062 EMX, RSX, HPFS, pdksh
6064 =item Starting Perl programs under OS/2 (and DOS and...)
6066 =item Starting OS/2 (and DOS) programs under Perl
6070 =item Frequently asked questions
6074 =item "It does not work"
6076 =item I cannot run external programs
6078 =item I cannot embed perl into my program, or use F<perl.dll> from my
6081 Is your program EMX-compiled with C<-Zmt -Zcrtdll>?, Did you use
6084 =item C<``> and pipe-C<open> do not work under DOS.
6086 =item Cannot start C<find.exe "pattern" file>
6094 =item Automatic binary installation
6096 C<PERL_BADLANG>, C<PERL_BADFREE>, F<Config.pm>
6098 =item Manual binary installation
6100 Perl VIO and PM executables (dynamically linked), Perl_ VIO executable
6101 (statically linked), Executables for Perl utilities, Main Perl library,
6102 Additional Perl modules, Tools to compile Perl modules, Manpages for Perl
6103 and utilities, Manpages for Perl modules, Source for Perl documentation,
6104 Perl manual in F<.INF> format, Pdksh
6110 =item Accessing documentation
6114 =item OS/2 F<.INF> file
6122 =item GNU C<info> files
6134 =item The short story
6138 =item Getting perl source
6140 =item Application of the patches
6148 A lot of C<bad free>, Process terminated by SIGTERM/SIGINT, F<op/fs.t>,
6151 =item Installing the built perl
6153 =item C<a.out>-style build
6161 =item Some C</> became C<\> in pdksh.
6163 =item C<'errno'> - unresolved external
6165 =item Problems with tr or sed
6167 =item Some problem (forget which ;-)
6169 =item Library ... not found
6171 =item Segfault in make
6173 =item op/sprintf test failure
6177 =item Specific (mis)features of OS/2 port
6181 =item C<setpriority>, C<getpriority>
6185 =item C<extproc> on the first line
6187 =item Additional modules:
6189 =item Prebuilt methods:
6191 C<File::Copy::syscopy>, C<DynaLoader::mod2fname>, C<Cwd::current_drive()>,
6192 C<Cwd::sys_chdir(name)>, C<Cwd::change_drive(name)>,
6193 C<Cwd::sys_is_absolute(name)>, C<Cwd::sys_is_rooted(name)>,
6194 C<Cwd::sys_is_relative(name)>, C<Cwd::sys_cwd(name)>,
6195 C<Cwd::sys_abspath(name, dir)>, C<Cwd::extLibpath([type])>,
6196 C<Cwd::extLibpath_set( path [, type ] )>,
6197 C<OS2::Error(do_harderror,do_exception)>, C<OS2::Errors2Drive(drive)>,
6198 OS2::SysInfo(), OS2::BootDrive(), C<OS2::MorphPM(serve)>,
6199 C<OS2::UnMorphPM(serve)>, C<OS2::Serve_Messages(force)>,
6200 C<OS2::Process_Messages(force [, cnt])>, C<OS2::_control87(new,mask)>,
6201 OS2::get_control87(), C<OS2::set_control87_em(new=MCW_EM,mask=MCW_EM)>
6203 =item Prebuilt variables:
6205 $OS2::emx_rev, $OS2::emx_env, $OS2::os_ver
6211 C<popen>, C<tmpnam>, C<tmpfile>, C<ctermid>, C<stat>, C<mkdir>, C<rmdir>,
6214 =item Identifying DLLs
6216 =item Centralized management of resources
6232 =item F<perl___.exe>
6234 =item Why strange names?
6236 =item Why dynamic linking?
6238 =item Why chimera build?
6246 =item C<PERLLIB_PREFIX>
6248 =item C<PERL_BADLANG>
6250 =item C<PERL_BADFREE>
6252 =item C<PERL_SH_DIR>
6254 =item C<USE_PERL_FLOCK>
6256 =item C<TMP> or C<TEMP>
6266 =item DLL name mangling
6270 =item Calls to external programs
6272 =item Memory allocation
6276 C<COND_WAIT>, F<os2.c>
6290 =head2 perlos390, README.os390 - building and installing Perl for OS/390.
6302 =item Setup and utilities
6306 =item Build, test, install
6308 =item build anomalies
6310 =item testing anomalies
6312 =item installation anomalies
6316 =item Floating point anomalies
6318 =item Modules and Extensions
6336 =head2 perlsolaris, README.solaris - Perl version 5 on Solaris systems
6344 =item Solaris Version Numbers.
6350 Solaris FAQ, Precompiled Binaries, Solaris Documentation
6356 =item File Extraction Problems.
6358 =item Compiler and Related Tools.
6364 =item RUN CONFIGURE.
6368 =item 64-bit Issues.
6372 =item Malloc Issues.
6376 =item MAKE PROBLEMS.
6378 Dynamic Loading Problems With GNU as and GNU ld, ld.so.1: ./perl: fatal:
6379 relocation error:, dlopen: stub interception failed, #error "No
6380 DATAMODEL_NATIVE specified", sh: ar: not found
6386 =item op/stat.t test 4
6390 =item PREBUILT BINARIES.
6392 =item RUNTIME ISSUES.
6396 =item Limits on Numbers of Open Files.
6400 =item SOLARIS-SPECIFIC MODULES.
6402 =item SOLARIS-SPECIFIC PROBLEMS WITH MODULES.
6406 =item Proc::ProcessTable
6420 =head2 perltru64, README.tru64 - Perl version 5 on Tru64 (formerly known as
6421 Digital UNIX formerly known as DEC OSF/1) systems
6429 =item Compiling Perl 5 on Tru64
6431 =item Using Large Files with Perl on Tru64
6433 =item Threaded Perl on Tru64
6435 =item 64-bit Perl on Tru64
6437 =item Warnings about floating-point overflow when compiling Perl on Tru64
6441 =item Testing Perl on Tru64
6447 =head2 perlvmesa, README.vmesa - building and installing Perl for VM/ESA.
6459 =item Setup and utilities
6463 =item testing anomalies
6481 =head2 perlvms - VMS-specific documentation for Perl
6489 =item Organization of Perl Images
6495 =item Perl Extensions
6497 =item Installing static extensions
6499 =item Installing dynamic extensions
6503 =item File specifications
6509 =item Wildcard expansion
6515 =item PERL5LIB and PERLLIB
6521 =item I/O redirection and backgrounding
6523 =item Command line switches
6529 =item Perl functions
6531 File tests, backticks, binmode FILEHANDLE, crypt PLAINTEXT, USER, dump,
6532 exec LIST, fork, getpwent, getpwnam, getpwuid, gmtime, kill, qx//, select
6533 (system call), stat EXPR, system LIST, time, times, unlink LIST, utime
6534 LIST, waitpid PID,FLAGS
6536 =item Perl variables
6538 %ENV, CRTL_ENV, CLISYM_[LOCAL], Any other string, $!, $^E, $?, $^S, $|
6540 =item Standard modules with VMS-specific differences
6554 =head2 perlvos, README.vos - Perl for Stratus VOS
6562 =item Stratus POSIX Support
6566 =item INSTALLING PERL IN VOS
6570 =item Compiling Perl 5 on VOS
6572 =item Installing Perl 5 on VOS
6576 =item USING PERL IN VOS
6580 =item Unimplemented Features
6586 =item SUPPORT STATUS
6594 =head1 PRAGMA DOCUMENTATION
6596 =head2 attrs - set/get attributes of a subroutine (deprecated)
6608 =head2 re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour
6618 =head2 attributes - get/set subroutine or variable attributes
6628 =item Built-in Attributes
6630 locked, method, lvalue
6632 =item Available Subroutines
6636 =item Package-specific Attribute Handling
6638 FETCH_I<type>_ATTRIBUTES, MODIFY_I<type>_ATTRIBUTES
6640 =item Syntax of Attribute Lists
6648 =item Default exports
6650 =item Available exports
6652 =item Export tags defined
6662 =head2 attrs - set/get attributes of a subroutine (deprecated)
6674 =head2 autouse - postpone load of modules until a function is used
6690 =head2 base - Establish IS-A relationship with base class at compile time
6704 =head2 blib - Use MakeMaker's uninstalled version of a package
6718 =head2 bytes - Perl pragma to force byte semantics rather than character
6731 =head2 charnames - define character names for C<\N{named}> string literal
6740 =item CUSTOM TRANSLATORS
6746 =head2 constant - Perl pragma to declare constants
6756 =item TECHNICAL NOTE
6766 =head2 diagnostics - Perl compiler pragma to force verbose warning
6777 =item The C<diagnostics> Pragma
6779 =item The I<splain> Program
6793 =head2 fields - compile-time class fields
6807 =head2 filetest - Perl pragma to control the filetest permission operators
6817 =item subpragma access
6823 =head2 integer - Perl pragma to use integer arithmetic instead of floating
6834 =head2 less - perl pragma to request less of something from the compiler
6844 =head2 lib - manipulate @INC at compile time
6854 =item Adding directories to @INC
6856 =item Deleting directories from @INC
6858 =item Restoring original @INC
6868 =head2 locale - Perl pragma to use and avoid POSIX locales for built-in
6879 =head2 open - perl pragma to set default disciplines for input and output
6887 =item NONPERLIO FUNCTIONALITY
6889 =item IMPLEMENTATION DETAILS
6895 =head2 ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when compiling
6907 =head2 overload - Package for overloading perl operations
6917 =item Declaration of overloaded functions
6919 =item Calling Conventions for Binary Operations
6921 FALSE, TRUE, C<undef>
6923 =item Calling Conventions for Unary Operations
6925 =item Calling Conventions for Mutators
6927 C<++> and C<-->, C<x=> and other assignment versions
6929 =item Overloadable Operations
6931 I<Arithmetic operations>, I<Comparison operations>, I<Bit operations>,
6932 I<Increment and decrement>, I<Transcendental functions>, I<Boolean, string
6933 and numeric conversion>, I<Iteration>, I<Dereferencing>, I<Special>
6935 =item Inheritance and overloading
6937 Strings as values of C<use overload> directive, Overloading of an operation
6938 is inherited by derived classes
6942 =item SPECIAL SYMBOLS FOR C<use overload>
6950 C<undef>, TRUE, defined, but FALSE
6952 =item Copy Constructor
6958 =item MAGIC AUTOGENERATION
6960 I<Assignment forms of arithmetic operations>, I<Conversion operations>,
6961 I<Increment and decrement>, C<abs($a)>, I<Unary minus>, I<Negation>,
6962 I<Concatenation>, I<Comparison operations>, I<Iterator>, I<Dereferencing>,
6965 =item Losing overloading
6967 =item Run-time Overloading
6969 =item Public functions
6971 overload::StrVal(arg), overload::Overloaded(arg), overload::Method(obj,op)
6973 =item Overloading constants
6975 integer, float, binary, q, qr
6977 =item IMPLEMENTATION
6979 =item Metaphor clash
6985 =item Two-face scalars
6987 =item Two-face references
6989 =item Symbolic calculator
6991 =item I<Really> symbolic calculator
6999 Odd number of arguments for overload::constant, `%s' is not an overloadable
7000 type, `%s' is not a code reference
7006 =head2 re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour
7016 =head2 sigtrap - Perl pragma to enable simple signal handling
7028 =item SIGNAL HANDLERS
7030 B<stack-trace>, B<die>, B<handler> I<your-handler>
7034 B<normal-signals>, B<error-signals>, B<old-interface-signals>
7038 B<untrapped>, B<any>, I<signal>, I<number>
7046 =head2 strict - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe constructs
7054 C<strict refs>, C<strict vars>, C<strict subs>
7058 =head2 subs - Perl pragma to predeclare sub names
7068 =head2 unicode::distinct - Perl pragma to strictly distinguish UTF8 data
7081 =head2 utf8 - Perl pragma to enable/disable UTF-8 (or UTF-EBCDIC) in source
7092 =item Utility functions
7094 $num_octets = utf8::upgrade($string);, utf8::downgrade($string[, CHECK]),
7095 utf8::encode($string), $flag = utf8::decode($string)
7103 =head2 vars - Perl pragma to predeclare global variable names (obsolete)
7113 =head2 warnings - Perl pragma to control optional warnings
7121 use warnings::register, warnings::enabled(), warnings::enabled($category),
7122 warnings::enabled($object), warnings::warn($message),
7123 warnings::warn($category, $message), warnings::warn($object, $message),
7124 warnings::warnif($message), warnings::warnif($category, $message),
7125 warnings::warnif($object, $message)
7129 =head2 warnings::register - warnings import function
7131 =head1 MODULE DOCUMENTATION
7133 =head2 AnyDBM_File - provide framework for multiple DBMs
7143 =item DBM Comparisons
7153 =head2 Attribute::Handlers - Simpler definition of attribute handlers
7163 [0], [1], [2], [3], [4]
7167 =item Typed lexicals
7169 =item Type-specific attribute handlers
7171 =item Non-interpretive attribute handlers
7173 =item Attributes as C<tie> interfaces
7181 C<Bad attribute type: ATTR(%s)>, C<Attribute handler %s doesn't handle %s
7182 attributes>, C<Declaration of %s attribute in package %s may clash with
7183 future reserved word>, C<Internal error: %s symbol went missing>
7193 =head2 AutoLoader - load subroutines only on demand
7203 =item Subroutine Stubs
7205 =item Using B<AutoLoader>'s AUTOLOAD Subroutine
7207 =item Overriding B<AutoLoader>'s AUTOLOAD Subroutine
7209 =item Package Lexicals
7211 =item Not Using AutoLoader
7213 =item B<AutoLoader> vs. B<SelfLoader>
7223 =head2 AutoSplit - split a package for autoloading
7231 $keep, $check, $modtime
7235 =item Multiple packages
7243 =head2 B - The Perl Compiler
7251 =item OVERVIEW OF CLASSES
7255 =item SV-RELATED CLASSES
7263 IV, IVX, UVX, int_value, needs64bits, packiv
7277 =item B::PVMG METHODS
7281 =item B::MAGIC METHODS
7283 MOREMAGIC, PRIVATE, TYPE, FLAGS, OBJ, PTR
7285 =item B::PVLV METHODS
7287 TARGOFF, TARGLEN, TYPE, TARG
7291 USEFUL, PREVIOUS, RARE, TABLE
7295 is_empty, NAME, SAFENAME, STASH, SV, IO, FORM, AV, HV, EGV, CV, CVGEN,
7296 LINE, FILE, FILEGV, GvREFCNT, FLAGS
7300 LINES, PAGE, PAGE_LEN, LINES_LEFT, TOP_NAME, TOP_GV, FMT_NAME, FMT_GV,
7301 BOTTOM_NAME, BOTTOM_GV, SUBPROCESS, IoTYPE, IoFLAGS
7305 FILL, MAX, OFF, ARRAY, AvFLAGS
7309 STASH, START, ROOT, GV, FILE, DEPTH, PADLIST, OUTSIDE, XSUB, XSUBANY,
7314 FILL, MAX, KEYS, RITER, NAME, PMROOT, ARRAY
7316 =item OP-RELATED CLASSES
7320 next, sibling, name, ppaddr, desc, targ, type, seq, flags, private
7322 =item B::UNOP METHOD
7326 =item B::BINOP METHOD
7330 =item B::LOGOP METHOD
7334 =item B::LISTOP METHOD
7338 =item B::PMOP METHODS
7340 pmreplroot, pmreplstart, pmnext, pmregexp, pmflags, pmpermflags, precomp
7342 =item B::SVOP METHOD
7346 =item B::PADOP METHOD
7350 =item B::PVOP METHOD
7354 =item B::LOOP METHODS
7356 redoop, nextop, lastop
7358 =item B::COP METHODS
7360 label, stash, file, cop_seq, arybase, line
7364 =item FUNCTIONS EXPORTED BY C<B>
7366 main_cv, init_av, main_root, main_start, comppadlist, sv_undef, sv_yes,
7367 sv_no, amagic_generation, walkoptree(OP, METHOD), walkoptree_debug(DEBUG),
7368 walksymtable(SYMREF, METHOD, RECURSE, PREFIX), svref_2object(SV),
7369 ppname(OPNUM), hash(STR), cast_I32(I), minus_c, cstring(STR), class(OBJ),
7376 =head2 B::Asmdata - Autogenerated data about Perl ops, used to generate
7389 =head2 B::Assembler - Assemble Perl bytecode
7401 =head2 B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks
7413 =head2 B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend
7423 B<-ofilename>, B<-afilename>, B<-->, B<-f>, B<-fcompress-nullops>,
7424 B<-fomit-sequence-numbers>, B<-fbypass-nullops>, B<-On>, B<-D>, B<-Do>,
7425 B<-Db>, B<-Da>, B<-DC>, B<-S>, B<-upackage>
7435 =head2 B::C - Perl compiler's C backend
7445 B<-ofilename>, B<-v>, B<-->, B<-uPackname>, B<-D>, B<-Do>, B<-Dc>, B<-DA>,
7446 B<-DC>, B<-DM>, B<-f>, B<-fcog>, B<-fno-cog>, B<-On>, B<-llimit>
7456 =head2 B::CC - Perl compiler's optimized C translation backend
7466 B<-ofilename>, B<-v>, B<-->, B<-uPackname>, B<-mModulename>, B<-D>, B<-Dr>,
7467 B<-DO>, B<-Ds>, B<-Dp>, B<-Dq>, B<-Dl>, B<-Dt>, B<-f>,
7468 B<-ffreetmps-each-bblock>, B<-ffreetmps-each-loop>, B<-fomit-taint>, B<-On>
7480 =item Context of ".."
7484 =item Deprecated features
7492 =head2 B::Concise - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing concise info about ops
7502 B<-basic>, B<-exec>, B<-tree>, B<-compact>, B<-loose>, B<-vt>, B<-ascii>,
7503 B<-main>, B<-base>I<n>, B<-bigendian>, B<-littleendian>, B<-concise>,
7504 B<-terse>, B<-linenoise>, B<-debug>, B<-env>
7506 =item FORMATTING SPECIFICATIONS
7508 B<(x(>I<exec_text>B<;>I<basic_text>B<)x)>, B<(*(>I<text>B<)*)>,
7509 B<(*(>I<text1>B<;>I<text2>B<)*)>, B<(?(>I<text1>B<#>I<var>I<Text2>B<)?)>,
7510 B<#>I<var>, B<#>I<var>I<N>, B<~>, B<#addr>, B<#arg>, B<#class>,
7511 B<#classym>, B<#coplabel>, B<#exname>, B<#extarg>, B<#firstaddr>,
7512 B<#flags>, B<#flagval>, B<#hyphenseq>, B<#label>, B<#lastaddr>, B<#name>,
7513 B<#NAME>, B<#next>, B<#nextaddr>, B<#noise>, B<#private>, B<#privval>,
7514 B<#seq>, B<#seqnum>, B<#sibaddr>, B<#svaddr>, B<#svclass>, B<#svval>,
7515 B<#targ>, B<#targarg>, B<#targarglife>, B<#typenum>
7521 =item OP flags abbreviations
7523 =item OP class abbreviations
7527 =item Using B::Concise outside of the O framework
7533 =head2 B::Debug - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing debug info about ops
7545 =head2 B::Deparse - Perl compiler backend to produce perl code
7555 B<-l>, B<-p>, B<-q>, B<-f>I<FILE>, B<-s>I<LETTERS>, B<C>, B<i>I<NUMBER>,
7556 B<T>, B<v>I<STRING>B<.>, B<-x>I<LEVEL>
7558 =item USING B::Deparse AS A MODULE
7568 =item ambient_pragmas
7570 strict, $[, bytes, utf8, integer, re, warnings, hint_bits, warning_bits
7582 =head2 B::Disassembler - Disassemble Perl bytecode
7594 =head2 B::Lint - Perl lint
7602 =item OPTIONS AND LINT CHECKS
7604 B<context>, B<implicit-read> and B<implicit-write>, B<dollar-underscore>,
7605 B<private-names>, B<undefined-subs>, B<regexp-variables>, B<all>, B<none>
7607 =item NON LINT-CHECK OPTIONS
7617 =head2 B::O, O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends
7627 =item IMPLEMENTATION
7633 =head2 B::Showlex - Show lexical variables used in functions or files
7645 =head2 B::Stackobj - Helper module for CC backend
7657 =head2 B::Stash - show what stashes are loaded
7659 =head2 B::Terse - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing terse info about ops
7671 =head2 B::Xref - Generates cross reference reports for Perl programs
7681 C<-oFILENAME>, C<-r>, C<-D[tO]>
7689 =head2 Bblock, B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks
7701 =head2 Benchmark - benchmark running times of Perl code
7715 =item Standard Exports
7717 timeit(COUNT, CODE), timethis ( COUNT, CODE, [ TITLE, [ STYLE ]] ),
7718 timethese ( COUNT, CODEHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), timediff ( T1, T2 ), timestr (
7719 TIMEDIFF, [ STYLE, [ FORMAT ] ] )
7721 =item Optional Exports
7723 clearcache ( COUNT ), clearallcache ( ), cmpthese ( COUT, CODEHASHREF, [
7724 STYLE ] ), cmpthese ( RESULTSHASHREF ), countit(TIME, CODE), disablecache (
7725 ), enablecache ( ), timesum ( T1, T2 )
7741 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
7745 =head2 ByteLoader - load byte compiled perl code
7759 =head2 Bytecode, B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend
7769 B<-ofilename>, B<-afilename>, B<-->, B<-f>, B<-fcompress-nullops>,
7770 B<-fomit-sequence-numbers>, B<-fbypass-nullops>, B<-On>, B<-D>, B<-Do>,
7771 B<-Db>, B<-Da>, B<-DC>, B<-S>, B<-upackage>
7781 =head2 CGI - Simple Common Gateway Interface Class
7793 =item PROGRAMMING STYLE
7795 =item CALLING CGI.PM ROUTINES
7797 =item CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT (OBJECT-ORIENTED STYLE):
7799 =item CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT FROM AN INPUT FILE
7801 =item FETCHING A LIST OF KEYWORDS FROM THE QUERY:
7803 =item FETCHING THE NAMES OF ALL THE PARAMETERS PASSED TO YOUR SCRIPT:
7805 =item FETCHING THE VALUE OR VALUES OF A SINGLE NAMED PARAMETER:
7807 =item SETTING THE VALUE(S) OF A NAMED PARAMETER:
7809 =item APPENDING ADDITIONAL VALUES TO A NAMED PARAMETER:
7811 =item IMPORTING ALL PARAMETERS INTO A NAMESPACE:
7813 =item DELETING A PARAMETER COMPLETELY:
7815 =item DELETING ALL PARAMETERS:
7817 =item DIRECT ACCESS TO THE PARAMETER LIST:
7819 =item FETCHING THE PARAMETER LIST AS A HASH:
7821 =item SAVING THE STATE OF THE SCRIPT TO A FILE:
7823 =item RETRIEVING CGI ERRORS
7825 =item USING THE FUNCTION-ORIENTED INTERFACE
7827 B<:cgi>, B<:form>, B<:html2>, B<:html3>, B<:netscape>, B<:html>,
7828 B<:standard>, B<:all>
7832 -any, -compile, -nosticky, -no_undef_params, -no_xhtml, -nph,
7833 -newstyle_urls, -oldstyle_urls, -autoload, -no_debug, -debug,
7836 =item SPECIAL FORMS FOR IMPORTING HTML-TAG FUNCTIONS
7838 1. start_table() (generates a <TABLE> tag), 2. end_table() (generates a
7839 </TABLE> tag), 3. start_ul() (generates a <UL> tag), 4. end_ul() (generates
7844 =item GENERATING DYNAMIC DOCUMENTS
7848 =item CREATING A STANDARD HTTP HEADER:
7850 =item GENERATING A REDIRECTION HEADER
7852 =item CREATING THE HTML DOCUMENT HEADER
7854 B<Parameters:>, 4, 5, 6..
7856 =item ENDING THE HTML DOCUMENT:
7858 =item CREATING A SELF-REFERENCING URL THAT PRESERVES STATE INFORMATION:
7860 =item OBTAINING THE SCRIPT'S URL
7862 B<-absolute>, B<-relative>, B<-full>, B<-path> (B<-path_info>), B<-query>
7863 (B<-query_string>), B<-base>
7865 =item MIXING POST AND URL PARAMETERS
7869 =item CREATING STANDARD HTML ELEMENTS:
7873 =item PROVIDING ARGUMENTS TO HTML SHORTCUTS
7875 =item THE DISTRIBUTIVE PROPERTY OF HTML SHORTCUTS
7877 =item HTML SHORTCUTS AND LIST INTERPOLATION
7879 =item NON-STANDARD HTML SHORTCUTS
7881 =item AUTOESCAPING HTML
7883 $escaped_string = escapeHTML("unescaped string");, $charset =
7884 charset([$charset]);, $flag = autoEscape([$flag]);
7886 =item PRETTY-PRINTING HTML
7890 =item CREATING FILL-OUT FORMS:
7894 =item CREATING AN ISINDEX TAG
7896 =item STARTING AND ENDING A FORM
7898 B<application/x-www-form-urlencoded>, B<multipart/form-data>
7900 =item CREATING A TEXT FIELD
7904 =item CREATING A BIG TEXT FIELD
7906 =item CREATING A PASSWORD FIELD
7908 =item CREATING A FILE UPLOAD FIELD
7912 =item CREATING A POPUP MENU
7914 =item CREATING A SCROLLING LIST
7918 =item CREATING A GROUP OF RELATED CHECKBOXES
7922 =item CREATING A STANDALONE CHECKBOX
7926 =item CREATING A RADIO BUTTON GROUP
7930 =item CREATING A SUBMIT BUTTON
7934 =item CREATING A RESET BUTTON
7936 =item CREATING A DEFAULT BUTTON
7938 =item CREATING A HIDDEN FIELD
7942 =item CREATING A CLICKABLE IMAGE BUTTON
7946 =item CREATING A JAVASCRIPT ACTION BUTTON
7952 1. an expiration time, 2. a domain, 3. a path, 4. a "secure" flag,
7953 B<-name>, B<-value>, B<-path>, B<-domain>, B<-expires>, B<-secure>
7955 =item WORKING WITH FRAMES
7957 1. Create a <Frameset> document, 2. Specify the destination for the
7958 document in the HTTP header, 3. Specify the destination for the document in
7961 =item LIMITED SUPPORT FOR CASCADING STYLE SHEETS
7967 =item DUMPING OUT ALL THE NAME/VALUE PAIRS
7971 =item FETCHING ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
7973 B<Accept()>, B<raw_cookie()>, B<user_agent()>, B<path_info()>,
7974 B<path_translated()>, B<remote_host()>, B<script_name()>, B<referer()>,
7975 B<auth_type ()>, B<server_name ()>, B<virtual_host ()>, B<server_port ()>,
7976 B<server_software ()>, B<remote_user ()>, B<user_name ()>,
7977 B<request_method()>, B<content_type()>, B<http()>, B<https()>
7979 =item USING NPH SCRIPTS
7981 In the B<use> statement, By calling the B<nph()> method:, By using B<-nph>
7986 multipart_init(), multipart_start(), multipart_end(), multipart_final()
7988 =item Avoiding Denial of Service Attacks
7990 B<$CGI::POST_MAX>, B<$CGI::DISABLE_UPLOADS>, B<1. On a script-by-script
7991 basis>, B<2. Globally for all scripts>
7993 =item COMPATIBILITY WITH CGI-LIB.PL
7995 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
7999 Matt Heffron (heffron@falstaff.css.beckman.com), James Taylor
8000 (james.taylor@srs.gov), Scott Anguish <sanguish@digifix.com>, Mike Jewell
8001 (mlj3u@virginia.edu), Timothy Shimmin (tes@kbs.citri.edu.au), Joergen Haegg
8002 (jh@axis.se), Laurent Delfosse (delfosse@delfosse.com), Richard Resnick
8003 (applepi1@aol.com), Craig Bishop (csb@barwonwater.vic.gov.au), Tony Curtis
8004 (tc@vcpc.univie.ac.at), Tim Bunce (Tim.Bunce@ig.co.uk), Tom Christiansen
8005 (tchrist@convex.com), Andreas Koenig (k@franz.ww.TU-Berlin.DE), Tim
8006 MacKenzie (Tim.MacKenzie@fulcrum.com.au), Kevin B. Hendricks
8007 (kbhend@dogwood.tyler.wm.edu), Stephen Dahmen (joyfire@inxpress.net), Ed
8008 Jordan (ed@fidalgo.net), David Alan Pisoni (david@cnation.com), Doug
8009 MacEachern (dougm@opengroup.org), Robin Houston (robin@oneworld.org),
8010 ...and many many more..
8012 =item A COMPLETE EXAMPLE OF A SIMPLE FORM-BASED SCRIPT
8020 =head2 CGI::Apache - Backward compatibility module for CGI.pm
8030 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
8038 =head2 CGI::Carp, B<CGI::Carp> - CGI routines for writing to the HTTPD (or
8047 =item REDIRECTING ERROR MESSAGES
8049 =item MAKING PERL ERRORS APPEAR IN THE BROWSER WINDOW
8053 =item Changing the default message
8057 =item MAKING WARNINGS APPEAR AS HTML COMMENTS
8067 =head2 CGI::Cookie - Interface to Netscape Cookies
8075 =item USING CGI::Cookie
8077 B<1. expiration date>, B<2. domain>, B<3. path>, B<4. secure flag>
8081 =item Creating New Cookies
8083 =item Sending the Cookie to the Browser
8085 =item Recovering Previous Cookies
8087 =item Manipulating Cookies
8089 B<name()>, B<value()>, B<domain()>, B<path()>, B<expires()>
8093 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
8101 =head2 CGI::Fast - CGI Interface for Fast CGI
8109 =item OTHER PIECES OF THE PUZZLE
8111 =item WRITING FASTCGI PERL SCRIPTS
8113 =item INSTALLING FASTCGI SCRIPTS
8115 =item USING FASTCGI SCRIPTS AS CGI SCRIPTS
8119 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
8127 =head2 CGI::Pretty - module to produce nicely formatted HTML code
8137 =item Tags that won't be formatted
8139 =item Customizing the Indenting
8151 =head2 CGI::Push - Simple Interface to Server Push
8159 =item USING CGI::Push
8161 -next_page, -last_page, -type, -delay, -cookie, -target, -expires, -nph
8165 =item Heterogeneous Pages
8167 =item Changing the Page Delay on the Fly
8171 =item INSTALLING CGI::Push SCRIPTS
8173 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
8181 =head2 CGI::Switch - Backward compatibility module for defunct CGI::Switch
8191 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
8199 =head2 CGI::Util - Internal utilities used by CGI module
8207 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
8213 =head2 CPAN - query, download and build perl modules from CPAN sites
8223 =item Interactive Mode
8225 Searching for authors, bundles, distribution files and modules, make, test,
8226 install, clean modules or distributions, get, readme, look module or
8227 distribution, ls author, Signals
8235 =item The four C<CPAN::*> Classes: Author, Bundle, Module, Distribution
8237 =item Programmer's interface
8239 expand($type,@things), expandany(@things), Programming Examples
8241 =item Methods in the other Classes
8243 CPAN::Author::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Author::as_string(),
8244 CPAN::Author::email(), CPAN::Author::fullname(), CPAN::Author::name(),
8245 CPAN::Bundle::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Bundle::as_string(),
8246 CPAN::Bundle::clean(), CPAN::Bundle::contains(),
8247 CPAN::Bundle::force($method,@args), CPAN::Bundle::get(),
8248 CPAN::Bundle::inst_file(), CPAN::Bundle::inst_version(),
8249 CPAN::Bundle::uptodate(), CPAN::Bundle::install(), CPAN::Bundle::make(),
8250 CPAN::Bundle::readme(), CPAN::Bundle::test(),
8251 CPAN::Distribution::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Distribution::as_string(),
8252 CPAN::Distribution::clean(), CPAN::Distribution::containsmods(),
8253 CPAN::Distribution::cvs_import(), CPAN::Distribution::dir(),
8254 CPAN::Distribution::force($method,@args), CPAN::Distribution::get(),
8255 CPAN::Distribution::install(), CPAN::Distribution::isa_perl(),
8256 CPAN::Distribution::look(), CPAN::Distribution::make(),
8257 CPAN::Distribution::prereq_pm(), CPAN::Distribution::readme(),
8258 CPAN::Distribution::test(), CPAN::Distribution::uptodate(),
8259 CPAN::Index::force_reload(), CPAN::Index::reload(), CPAN::InfoObj::dump(),
8260 CPAN::Module::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Module::as_string(),
8261 CPAN::Module::clean(), CPAN::Module::cpan_file(),
8262 CPAN::Module::cpan_version(), CPAN::Module::cvs_import(),
8263 CPAN::Module::description(), CPAN::Module::force($method,@args),
8264 CPAN::Module::get(), CPAN::Module::inst_file(),
8265 CPAN::Module::inst_version(), CPAN::Module::install(),
8266 CPAN::Module::look(), CPAN::Module::make(),
8267 CPAN::Module::manpage_headline(), CPAN::Module::readme(),
8268 CPAN::Module::test(), CPAN::Module::uptodate(), CPAN::Module::userid()
8276 =item Finding packages and VERSION
8280 =item Floppy, Zip, Offline Mode
8286 C<o conf E<lt>scalar optionE<gt>>, C<o conf E<lt>scalar optionE<gt>
8287 E<lt>valueE<gt>>, C<o conf E<lt>list optionE<gt>>, C<o conf E<lt>list
8288 optionE<gt> [shift|pop]>, C<o conf E<lt>list optionE<gt>
8289 [unshift|push|splice] E<lt>listE<gt>>
8293 =item Note on urllist parameter's format
8295 =item urllist parameter has CD-ROM support
8303 =item POPULATE AN INSTALLATION WITH LOTS OF MODULES
8305 =item WORKING WITH CPAN.pm BEHIND FIREWALLS
8309 =item Three basic types of firewalls
8311 http firewall, ftp firewall, One way visibility, SOCKS, IP Masquerade
8313 =item Configuring lynx or ncftp for going through a firewall
8319 1), 2), 3), 4), 5), 6), 7), 8), 9), 10)
8331 =head2 CPAN::FirstTime - Utility for CPAN::Config file Initialization
8341 =head2 CPANox, CPAN::Nox - Wrapper around CPAN.pm without using any XS
8354 =head2 Carp, carp - warn of errors (from perspective of caller)
8364 =item Forcing a Stack Trace
8372 =head2 Carp::Heavy, Carp heavy machinery - no user serviceable parts inside
8374 =head2 Class::ISA -- report the search path for a class's ISA tree
8384 the function Class::ISA::super_path($CLASS), the function
8385 Class::ISA::self_and_super_path($CLASS), the function
8386 Class::ISA::self_and_super_versions($CLASS)
8388 =item CAUTIONARY NOTES
8396 =head2 Class::Struct - declare struct-like datatypes as Perl classes
8406 =item The C<struct()> function
8408 =item Class Creation at Compile Time
8410 =item Element Types and Accessor Methods
8412 Scalar (C<'$'> or C<'*$'>), Array (C<'@'> or C<'*@'>), Hash (C<'%'> or
8413 C<'*%'>), Class (C<'Class_Name'> or C<'*Class_Name'>)
8415 =item Initializing with C<new>
8421 Example 1, Example 2, Example 3
8423 =item Author and Modification History
8427 =head2 Config - access Perl configuration information
8435 myconfig(), config_sh(), config_vars(@names)
8447 C<_a>, C<_exe>, C<_o>
8451 C<afs>, C<afsroot>, C<alignbytes>, C<ansi2knr>, C<aphostname>,
8452 C<api_revision>, C<api_subversion>, C<api_version>, C<api_versionstring>,
8453 C<ar>, C<archlib>, C<archlibexp>, C<archname64>, C<archname>, C<archobjs>,
8458 C<baserev>, C<bash>, C<bin>, C<bincompat5005>, C<binexp>, C<bison>,
8459 C<byacc>, C<byteorder>
8463 C<c>, C<castflags>, C<cat>, C<cc>, C<cccdlflags>, C<ccdlflags>, C<ccflags>,
8464 C<ccflags_uselargefiles>, C<ccname>, C<ccsymbols>, C<ccversion>, C<cf_by>,
8465 C<cf_email>, C<cf_time>, C<charsize>, C<chgrp>, C<chmod>, C<chown>,
8466 C<clocktype>, C<comm>, C<compress>, C<contains>, C<cp>, C<cpio>, C<cpp>,
8467 C<cpp_stuff>, C<cppccsymbols>, C<cppflags>, C<cpplast>, C<cppminus>,
8468 C<cpprun>, C<cppstdin>, C<cppsymbols>, C<crosscompile>, C<cryptlib>, C<csh>
8472 C<d__fwalk>, C<d_access>, C<d_accessx>, C<d_alarm>, C<d_archlib>,
8473 C<d_atolf>, C<d_atoll>, C<d_attribut>, C<d_bcmp>, C<d_bcopy>,
8474 C<d_bincompat5005>, C<d_bsd>, C<d_bsdgetpgrp>, C<d_bsdsetpgrp>, C<d_bzero>,
8475 C<d_casti32>, C<d_castneg>, C<d_charvspr>, C<d_chown>, C<d_chroot>,
8476 C<d_chsize>, C<d_closedir>, C<d_cmsghdr_s>, C<d_const>, C<d_crypt>,
8477 C<d_csh>, C<d_cuserid>, C<d_dbl_dig>, C<d_difftime>, C<d_dirnamlen>,
8478 C<d_dlerror>, C<d_dlopen>, C<d_dlsymun>, C<d_dosuid>, C<d_drand48proto>,
8479 C<d_dup2>, C<d_eaccess>, C<d_endgrent>, C<d_endhent>, C<d_endnent>,
8480 C<d_endpent>, C<d_endpwent>, C<d_endsent>, C<d_eofnblk>, C<d_eunice>,
8481 C<d_fchmod>, C<d_fchown>, C<d_fcntl>, C<d_fcntl_can_lock>, C<d_fd_macros>,
8482 C<d_fd_set>, C<d_fds_bits>, C<d_fgetpos>, C<d_flexfnam>, C<d_flock>,
8483 C<d_fork>, C<d_fpathconf>, C<d_fpos64_t>, C<d_frexpl>, C<d_fs_data_s>,
8484 C<d_fseeko>, C<d_fsetpos>, C<d_fstatfs>, C<d_fstatvfs>, C<d_fsync>,
8485 C<d_ftello>, C<d_ftime>, C<d_Gconvert>, C<d_getcwd>, C<d_getespwnam>,
8486 C<d_getfsstat>, C<d_getgrent>, C<d_getgrps>, C<d_gethbyaddr>,
8487 C<d_gethbyname>, C<d_gethent>, C<d_gethname>, C<d_gethostprotos>,
8488 C<d_getitimer>, C<d_getlogin>, C<d_getmnt>, C<d_getmntent>,
8489 C<d_getnbyaddr>, C<d_getnbyname>, C<d_getnent>, C<d_getnetprotos>,
8490 C<d_getpagsz>, C<d_getpbyname>, C<d_getpbynumber>, C<d_getpent>,
8491 C<d_getpgid>, C<d_getpgrp2>, C<d_getpgrp>, C<d_getppid>, C<d_getprior>,
8492 C<d_getprotoprotos>, C<d_getprpwnam>, C<d_getpwent>, C<d_getsbyname>,
8493 C<d_getsbyport>, C<d_getsent>, C<d_getservprotos>, C<d_getspnam>,
8494 C<d_gettimeod>, C<d_gnulibc>, C<d_grpasswd>, C<d_hasmntopt>, C<d_htonl>,
8495 C<d_iconv>, C<d_index>, C<d_inetaton>, C<d_int64_t>, C<d_isascii>,
8496 C<d_isnan>, C<d_isnanl>, C<d_killpg>, C<d_lchown>, C<d_ldbl_dig>,
8497 C<d_link>, C<d_locconv>, C<d_lockf>, C<d_longdbl>, C<d_longlong>,
8498 C<d_lseekproto>, C<d_lstat>, C<d_madvise>, C<d_mblen>, C<d_mbstowcs>,
8499 C<d_mbtowc>, C<d_memchr>, C<d_memcmp>, C<d_memcpy>, C<d_memmove>,
8500 C<d_memset>, C<d_mkdir>, C<d_mkdtemp>, C<d_mkfifo>, C<d_mkstemp>,
8501 C<d_mkstemps>, C<d_mktime>, C<d_mmap>, C<d_modfl>, C<d_mprotect>, C<d_msg>,
8502 C<d_msg_ctrunc>, C<d_msg_dontroute>, C<d_msg_oob>, C<d_msg_peek>,
8503 C<d_msg_proxy>, C<d_msgctl>, C<d_msgget>, C<d_msghdr_s>, C<d_msgrcv>,
8504 C<d_msgsnd>, C<d_msync>, C<d_munmap>, C<d_mymalloc>, C<d_nice>,
8505 C<d_nv_preserves_uv>, C<d_nv_preserves_uv_bits>, C<d_off64_t>,
8506 C<d_old_pthread_create_joinable>, C<d_oldpthreads>, C<d_oldsock>,
8507 C<d_open3>, C<d_pathconf>, C<d_pause>, C<d_perl_otherlibdirs>,
8508 C<d_phostname>, C<d_pipe>, C<d_poll>, C<d_portable>, C<d_PRId64>,
8509 C<d_PRIeldbl>, C<d_PRIEUldbl>, C<d_PRIfldbl>, C<d_PRIFUldbl>,
8510 C<d_PRIgldbl>, C<d_PRIGUldbl>, C<d_PRIi64>, C<d_PRIo64>, C<d_PRIu64>,
8511 C<d_PRIx64>, C<d_PRIXU64>, C<d_pthread_yield>, C<d_pwage>, C<d_pwchange>,
8512 C<d_pwclass>, C<d_pwcomment>, C<d_pwexpire>, C<d_pwgecos>, C<d_pwpasswd>,
8513 C<d_pwquota>, C<d_qgcvt>, C<d_quad>, C<d_readdir>, C<d_readlink>,
8514 C<d_readv>, C<d_realpath>, C<d_recvmsg>, C<d_rename>, C<d_rewinddir>,
8515 C<d_rmdir>, C<d_safebcpy>, C<d_safemcpy>, C<d_sanemcmp>, C<d_sbrkproto>,
8516 C<d_sched_yield>, C<d_scm_rights>, C<d_SCNfldbl>, C<d_seekdir>,
8517 C<d_select>, C<d_sem>, C<d_semctl>, C<d_semctl_semid_ds>,
8518 C<d_semctl_semun>, C<d_semget>, C<d_semop>, C<d_sendmsg>, C<d_setegid>,
8519 C<d_seteuid>, C<d_setgrent>, C<d_setgrps>, C<d_sethent>, C<d_setitimer>,
8520 C<d_setlinebuf>, C<d_setlocale>, C<d_setnent>, C<d_setpent>, C<d_setpgid>,
8521 C<d_setpgrp2>, C<d_setpgrp>, C<d_setprior>, C<d_setproctitle>,
8522 C<d_setpwent>, C<d_setregid>, C<d_setresgid>, C<d_setresuid>,
8523 C<d_setreuid>, C<d_setrgid>, C<d_setruid>, C<d_setsent>, C<d_setsid>,
8524 C<d_setvbuf>, C<d_sfio>, C<d_shm>, C<d_shmat>, C<d_shmatprototype>,
8525 C<d_shmctl>, C<d_shmdt>, C<d_shmget>, C<d_sigaction>, C<d_sigprocmask>,
8526 C<d_sigsetjmp>, C<d_sockatmark>, C<d_socket>, C<d_socklen_t>,
8527 C<d_sockpair>, C<d_socks5_init>, C<d_sqrtl>, C<d_sresuproto>,
8528 C<d_statblks>, C<d_statfs_f_flags>, C<d_statfs_s>, C<d_statvfs>,
8529 C<d_stdio_cnt_lval>, C<d_stdio_ptr_lval>, C<d_stdio_ptr_lval_nochange_cnt>,
8530 C<d_stdio_ptr_lval_sets_cnt>, C<d_stdio_stream_array>, C<d_stdiobase>,
8531 C<d_stdstdio>, C<d_strchr>, C<d_strcoll>, C<d_strctcpy>, C<d_strerrm>,
8532 C<d_strerror>, C<d_strftime>, C<d_strtod>, C<d_strtol>, C<d_strtold>,
8533 C<d_strtoll>, C<d_strtoq>, C<d_strtoul>, C<d_strtoull>, C<d_strtouq>,
8534 C<d_strxfrm>, C<d_suidsafe>, C<d_symlink>, C<d_syscall>, C<d_sysconf>,
8535 C<d_sysernlst>, C<d_syserrlst>, C<d_system>, C<d_tcgetpgrp>,
8536 C<d_tcsetpgrp>, C<d_telldir>, C<d_telldirproto>, C<d_time>, C<d_times>,
8537 C<d_truncate>, C<d_tzname>, C<d_u32align>, C<d_ualarm>, C<d_umask>,
8538 C<d_uname>, C<d_union_semun>, C<d_usleep>, C<d_ustat>, C<d_vendorarch>,
8539 C<d_vendorbin>, C<d_vendorlib>, C<d_vfork>, C<d_void_closedir>,
8540 C<d_voidsig>, C<d_voidtty>, C<d_volatile>, C<d_vprintf>, C<d_wait4>,
8541 C<d_waitpid>, C<d_wcstombs>, C<d_wctomb>, C<d_writev>, C<d_xenix>, C<date>,
8542 C<db_hashtype>, C<db_prefixtype>, C<db_version_major>, C<db_version_minor>,
8543 C<db_version_patch>, C<defvoidused>, C<direntrytype>, C<dlext>, C<dlsrc>,
8544 C<doublesize>, C<drand01>, C<dynamic_ext>
8548 C<eagain>, C<ebcdic>, C<echo>, C<egrep>, C<emacs>, C<eunicefix>,
8549 C<exe_ext>, C<expr>, C<extensions>
8553 C<fflushall>, C<fflushNULL>, C<find>, C<firstmakefile>, C<flex>,
8554 C<fpossize>, C<fpostype>, C<freetype>, C<full_ar>, C<full_csh>, C<full_sed>
8558 C<gccosandvers>, C<gccversion>, C<gidformat>, C<gidsign>, C<gidsize>,
8559 C<gidtype>, C<glibpth>, C<grep>, C<groupcat>, C<groupstype>, C<gzip>
8563 C<h_fcntl>, C<h_sysfile>, C<hint>, C<hostcat>
8567 C<i16size>, C<i16type>, C<i32size>, C<i32type>, C<i64size>, C<i64type>,
8568 C<i8size>, C<i8type>, C<i_arpainet>, C<i_bsdioctl>, C<i_db>, C<i_dbm>,
8569 C<i_dirent>, C<i_dld>, C<i_dlfcn>, C<i_fcntl>, C<i_float>, C<i_gdbm>,
8570 C<i_grp>, C<i_iconv>, C<i_ieeefp>, C<i_inttypes>, C<i_libutil>,
8571 C<i_limits>, C<i_locale>, C<i_machcthr>, C<i_malloc>, C<i_math>,
8572 C<i_memory>, C<i_mntent>, C<i_ndbm>, C<i_netdb>, C<i_neterrno>,
8573 C<i_netinettcp>, C<i_niin>, C<i_poll>, C<i_prot>, C<i_pthread>, C<i_pwd>,
8574 C<i_rpcsvcdbm>, C<i_sfio>, C<i_sgtty>, C<i_shadow>, C<i_socks>,
8575 C<i_stdarg>, C<i_stddef>, C<i_stdlib>, C<i_string>, C<i_sunmath>,
8576 C<i_sysaccess>, C<i_sysdir>, C<i_sysfile>, C<i_sysfilio>, C<i_sysin>,
8577 C<i_sysioctl>, C<i_syslog>, C<i_sysmman>, C<i_sysmode>, C<i_sysmount>,
8578 C<i_sysndir>, C<i_sysparam>, C<i_sysresrc>, C<i_syssecrt>, C<i_sysselct>,
8579 C<i_syssockio>, C<i_sysstat>, C<i_sysstatfs>, C<i_sysstatvfs>,
8580 C<i_systime>, C<i_systimek>, C<i_systimes>, C<i_systypes>, C<i_sysuio>,
8581 C<i_sysun>, C<i_sysutsname>, C<i_sysvfs>, C<i_syswait>, C<i_termio>,
8582 C<i_termios>, C<i_time>, C<i_unistd>, C<i_ustat>, C<i_utime>, C<i_values>,
8583 C<i_varargs>, C<i_varhdr>, C<i_vfork>, C<ignore_versioned_solibs>,
8584 C<inc_version_list>, C<inc_version_list_init>, C<incpath>, C<inews>,
8585 C<installarchlib>, C<installbin>, C<installman1dir>, C<installman3dir>,
8586 C<installprefix>, C<installprefixexp>, C<installprivlib>, C<installscript>,
8587 C<installsitearch>, C<installsitebin>, C<installsitelib>, C<installstyle>,
8588 C<installusrbinperl>, C<installvendorarch>, C<installvendorbin>,
8589 C<installvendorlib>, C<intsize>, C<issymlink>, C<ivdformat>, C<ivsize>,
8594 C<known_extensions>, C<ksh>
8598 C<ld>, C<lddlflags>, C<ldflags>, C<ldflags_uselargefiles>, C<ldlibpthname>,
8599 C<less>, C<lib_ext>, C<libc>, C<libperl>, C<libpth>, C<libs>, C<libsdirs>,
8600 C<libsfiles>, C<libsfound>, C<libspath>, C<libswanted>,
8601 C<libswanted_uselargefiles>, C<line>, C<lint>, C<lkflags>, C<ln>, C<lns>,
8602 C<locincpth>, C<loclibpth>, C<longdblsize>, C<longlongsize>, C<longsize>,
8603 C<lp>, C<lpr>, C<ls>, C<lseeksize>, C<lseektype>
8607 C<mail>, C<mailx>, C<make>, C<make_set_make>, C<mallocobj>, C<mallocsrc>,
8608 C<malloctype>, C<man1dir>, C<man1direxp>, C<man1ext>, C<man3dir>,
8609 C<man3direxp>, C<man3ext>
8613 C<Mcc>, C<mips_type>, C<mkdir>, C<mmaptype>, C<modetype>, C<more>,
8614 C<multiarch>, C<mv>, C<myarchname>, C<mydomain>, C<myhostname>, C<myuname>
8618 C<n>, C<need_va_copy>, C<netdb_hlen_type>, C<netdb_host_type>,
8619 C<netdb_name_type>, C<netdb_net_type>, C<nm>, C<nm_opt>, C<nm_so_opt>,
8620 C<nonxs_ext>, C<nroff>, C<nveformat>, C<nvEUformat>, C<nvfformat>,
8621 C<nvFUformat>, C<nvgformat>, C<nvGUformat>, C<nvsize>, C<nvtype>
8625 C<o_nonblock>, C<obj_ext>, C<old_pthread_create_joinable>, C<optimize>,
8626 C<orderlib>, C<osname>, C<osvers>, C<otherlibdirs>
8630 C<package>, C<pager>, C<passcat>, C<patchlevel>, C<path_sep>, C<perl5>,
8631 C<perl>, C<perl_patchlevel>
8635 C<PERL_REVISION>, C<PERL_SUBVERSION>, C<PERL_VERSION>, C<perladmin>,
8636 C<perllibs>, C<perlpath>, C<pg>, C<phostname>, C<pidtype>, C<plibpth>,
8637 C<pm_apiversion>, C<pmake>, C<pr>, C<prefix>, C<prefixexp>, C<privlib>,
8638 C<privlibexp>, C<prototype>, C<ptrsize>
8642 C<quadkind>, C<quadtype>
8646 C<randbits>, C<randfunc>, C<randseedtype>, C<ranlib>, C<rd_nodata>,
8647 C<revision>, C<rm>, C<rmail>, C<runnm>
8651 C<sched_yield>, C<scriptdir>, C<scriptdirexp>, C<sed>, C<seedfunc>,
8652 C<selectminbits>, C<selecttype>, C<sendmail>, C<sh>, C<shar>, C<sharpbang>,
8653 C<shmattype>, C<shortsize>, C<shrpenv>, C<shsharp>, C<sig_count>,
8654 C<sig_name>, C<sig_name_init>, C<sig_num>, C<sig_num_init>, C<sig_size>,
8655 C<signal_t>, C<sitearch>, C<sitearchexp>, C<sitebin>, C<sitebinexp>,
8656 C<sitelib>, C<sitelib_stem>, C<sitelibexp>, C<siteprefix>,
8657 C<siteprefixexp>, C<sizesize>, C<sizetype>, C<sleep>, C<smail>, C<so>,
8658 C<sockethdr>, C<socketlib>, C<socksizetype>, C<sort>, C<spackage>,
8659 C<spitshell>, C<sPRId64>, C<sPRIeldbl>, C<sPRIEUldbl>, C<sPRIfldbl>,
8660 C<sPRIFUldbl>, C<sPRIgldbl>, C<sPRIGUldbl>, C<sPRIi64>, C<sPRIo64>,
8661 C<sPRIu64>, C<sPRIx64>, C<sPRIXU64>, C<src>, C<sSCNfldbl>, C<ssizetype>,
8662 C<startperl>, C<startsh>, C<static_ext>, C<stdchar>, C<stdio_base>,
8663 C<stdio_bufsiz>, C<stdio_cnt>, C<stdio_filbuf>, C<stdio_ptr>,
8664 C<stdio_stream_array>, C<strings>, C<submit>, C<subversion>, C<sysman>
8668 C<tail>, C<tar>, C<tbl>, C<tee>, C<test>, C<timeincl>, C<timetype>,
8669 C<touch>, C<tr>, C<trnl>, C<troff>
8673 C<u16size>, C<u16type>, C<u32size>, C<u32type>, C<u64size>, C<u64type>,
8674 C<u8size>, C<u8type>, C<uidformat>, C<uidsign>, C<uidsize>, C<uidtype>,
8675 C<uname>, C<uniq>, C<uquadtype>, C<use5005threads>, C<use64bitall>,
8676 C<use64bitint>, C<usedl>, C<useithreads>, C<uselargefiles>,
8677 C<uselongdouble>, C<usemorebits>, C<usemultiplicity>, C<usemymalloc>,
8678 C<usenm>, C<useopcode>, C<useperlio>, C<useposix>, C<usesfio>,
8679 C<useshrplib>, C<usesocks>, C<usethreads>, C<usevendorprefix>, C<usevfork>,
8680 C<usrinc>, C<uuname>, C<uvoformat>, C<uvsize>, C<uvtype>, C<uvuformat>,
8681 C<uvxformat>, C<uvXUformat>
8685 C<vendorarch>, C<vendorarchexp>, C<vendorbin>, C<vendorbinexp>,
8686 C<vendorlib>, C<vendorlib_stem>, C<vendorlibexp>, C<vendorprefix>,
8687 C<vendorprefixexp>, C<version>, C<versiononly>, C<vi>, C<voidflags>
8691 C<xlibpth>, C<xs_apiversion>
8695 C<yacc>, C<yaccflags>
8707 =head2 Cwd - get pathname of current working directory
8717 =head2 DB - programmatic interface to the Perl debugging API (draft,
8729 =item Global Variables
8731 $DB::sub, %DB::sub, $DB::single, $DB::signal, $DB::trace, @DB::args,
8732 @DB::dbline, %DB::dbline, $DB::package, $DB::filename, $DB::subname,
8737 CLIENT->register(), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->skippkg('D::hide'),
8738 CLIENT->run(), CLIENT->step(), CLIENT->next(), CLIENT->done()
8740 =item Client Callback Methods
8742 CLIENT->init(), CLIENT->prestop([STRING]), CLIENT->stop(), CLIENT->idle(),
8743 CLIENT->poststop([STRING]), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->cleanup(),
8744 CLIENT->output(LIST)
8754 =head2 DB_File - Perl5 access to Berkeley DB version 1.x
8762 B<DB_HASH>, B<DB_BTREE>, B<DB_RECNO>
8766 =item Using DB_File with Berkeley DB version 2 or 3
8768 =item Interface to Berkeley DB
8770 =item Opening a Berkeley DB Database File
8772 =item Default Parameters
8774 =item In Memory Databases
8782 =item A Simple Example
8790 =item Changing the BTREE sort order
8792 =item Handling Duplicate Keys
8794 =item The get_dup() Method
8796 =item The find_dup() Method
8798 =item The del_dup() Method
8800 =item Matching Partial Keys
8808 =item The 'bval' Option
8810 =item A Simple Example
8812 =item Extra RECNO Methods
8814 B<$X-E<gt>push(list) ;>, B<$value = $X-E<gt>pop ;>, B<$X-E<gt>shift>,
8815 B<$X-E<gt>unshift(list) ;>, B<$X-E<gt>length>, B<$X-E<gt>splice(offset,
8818 =item Another Example
8822 =item THE API INTERFACE
8824 B<$status = $X-E<gt>get($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status =
8825 $X-E<gt>put($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>del($key [,
8826 $flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>fd ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>seq($key,
8827 $value, $flags) ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>sync([$flags]) ;>
8831 B<filter_store_key>, B<filter_store_value>, B<filter_fetch_key>,
8832 B<filter_fetch_value>
8838 =item An Example -- the NULL termination problem.
8840 =item Another Example -- Key is a C int.
8844 =item HINTS AND TIPS
8848 =item Locking: The Trouble with fd
8850 =item Safe ways to lock a database
8852 B<Tie::DB_Lock>, B<Tie::DB_LockFile>, B<DB_File::Lock>
8854 =item Sharing Databases With C Applications
8856 =item The untie() Gotcha
8860 =item COMMON QUESTIONS
8864 =item Why is there Perl source in my database?
8866 =item How do I store complex data structures with DB_File?
8868 =item What does "Invalid Argument" mean?
8870 =item What does "Bareword 'DB_File' not allowed" mean?
8890 =head2 Data::Dumper - stringified perl data structures, suitable for both
8891 printing and C<eval>
8903 I<PACKAGE>->new(I<ARRAYREF [>, I<ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Dump I<or>
8904 I<PACKAGE>->Dump(I<ARRAYREF [>, I<ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Seen(I<[HASHREF]>),
8905 I<$OBJ>->Values(I<[ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Names(I<[ARRAYREF]>),
8912 =item Configuration Variables or Methods
8914 $Data::Dumper::Indent I<or> I<$OBJ>->Indent(I<[NEWVAL]>),
8915 $Data::Dumper::Purity I<or> I<$OBJ>->Purity(I<[NEWVAL]>),
8916 $Data::Dumper::Pad I<or> I<$OBJ>->Pad(I<[NEWVAL]>),
8917 $Data::Dumper::Varname I<or> I<$OBJ>->Varname(I<[NEWVAL]>),
8918 $Data::Dumper::Useqq I<or> I<$OBJ>->Useqq(I<[NEWVAL]>),
8919 $Data::Dumper::Terse I<or> I<$OBJ>->Terse(I<[NEWVAL]>),
8920 $Data::Dumper::Freezer I<or> $I<OBJ>->Freezer(I<[NEWVAL]>),
8921 $Data::Dumper::Toaster I<or> $I<OBJ>->Toaster(I<[NEWVAL]>),
8922 $Data::Dumper::Deepcopy I<or> $I<OBJ>->Deepcopy(I<[NEWVAL]>),
8923 $Data::Dumper::Quotekeys I<or> $I<OBJ>->Quotekeys(I<[NEWVAL]>),
8924 $Data::Dumper::Bless I<or> $I<OBJ>->Bless(I<[NEWVAL]>),
8925 $Data::Dumper::Maxdepth I<or> $I<OBJ>->Maxdepth(I<[NEWVAL]>)
8945 =head2 Devel::DProf - a Perl code profiler
8953 =item PROFILE FORMAT
8965 =head2 Devel::Peek - A data debugging tool for the XS programmer
8975 =item Memory footprint debugging
8983 =item A simple scalar string
8985 =item A simple scalar number
8987 =item A simple scalar with an extra reference
8989 =item A reference to a simple scalar
8991 =item A reference to an array
8993 =item A reference to a hash
8995 =item Dumping a large array or hash
8997 =item A reference to an SV which holds a C pointer
8999 =item A reference to a subroutine
9013 =head2 Devel::SelfStubber - generate stubs for a SelfLoading module
9023 =head2 Digest:: - Modules that calculate message digests
9031 I<binary>, I<hex>, I<base64>
9035 $ctx = Digest->XXX($arg,...), $ctx = Digest->new(XXX => $arg,...), $ctx =
9036 Digest::XXX->new($arg,...), $ctx->reset, $ctx->add($data,...),
9037 $ctx->addfile($io_handle), $ctx->digest, $ctx->hexdigest, $ctx->b64digest
9045 =head2 Digest::MD5 - Perl interface to the MD5 Algorithm
9055 md5($data,...), md5_hex($data,...), md5_base64($data,...)
9059 $md5 = Digest::MD5->new, $md5->reset, $md5->add($data,...),
9060 $md5->addfile($io_handle), $md5->digest, $md5->hexdigest, $md5->b64digest
9072 =head2 DirHandle - supply object methods for directory handles
9082 =head2 Dumpvalue - provides screen dump of Perl data.
9094 C<arrayDepth>, C<hashDepth>, C<compactDump>, C<veryCompact>, C<globPrint>,
9095 C<DumpDBFiles>, C<DumpPackages>, C<DumpReused>, C<tick>, C<HighBit>,
9096 C<printUndef>, C<UsageOnly>, unctrl, subdump, bareStringify, quoteHighBit,
9101 dumpValue, dumpValues, dumpvars, set_quote, set_unctrl, compactDump,
9102 veryCompact, set, get
9108 =head2 DynaLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code
9116 @dl_library_path, @dl_resolve_using, @dl_require_symbols, @dl_librefs,
9117 @dl_modules, dl_error(), $dl_debug, dl_findfile(), dl_expandspec(),
9118 dl_load_file(), dl_unload_file(), dl_loadflags(), dl_find_symbol(),
9119 dl_find_symbol_anywhere(), dl_undef_symbols(), dl_install_xsub(),
9126 =head2 DynaLoader::XSLoader, XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into
9139 =head2 Encode - character encodings
9157 =item Characteristics of an Encoding
9159 =item Types of Encodings
9161 Fixed length 8-bit (or less) encodings, Fixed length 16-bit encodings,
9162 Fixed length 32-bit encodings, Multi-byte encodings, "Escape" encodings
9164 =item Specifying Encodings
9166 1. By name, 2. As an object
9168 =item Encoding Names
9170 The MIME name as defined in IETF RFC-XXXX, The name in the IANA registry,
9171 The name used by the the organization that defined it
9175 =item PERL ENCODING API
9179 =item Generic Encoding Interface
9181 =item Handling Malformed Data
9183 Scheme 1, Scheme 2, Other Schemes
9187 =item Other Encodings of Unicode
9189 =item Listing available encodings
9191 =item Defining Aliases
9193 As a simple string, As a qr// compiled regular expression, e.g.:, As a code
9196 =item Defining Encodings
9200 =item Encoding and IO
9202 =item Encoding How to ...
9204 IO with mixed content (faking iso-2020-*), MIME's Content-Length:, UTF-8
9205 strings in binary data, Perl/Encode wrappers on non-Unicode XS modules
9207 =item Messing with Perl's Internals
9209 is_utf8(STRING [, CHECK]), valid_utf8(STRING)
9211 =item IMPLEMENTATION CLASSES
9213 -E<gt>name, -E<gt>new_sequence, -E<gt>encode($string,$check),
9214 -E<gt>decode($octets,$check)
9218 =item Compiled Encodings
9220 .enc, .ucm, .ucm, .c, .xs, ascii and iso-8859-*, IBM-1047 and two other
9221 variants of EBCDIC, symbol and dingbats as used by Tk on X11
9229 =head2 Encode::EncodeFormat, EncodeFormat - the format of encoding tables
9230 of the Encode extension
9236 [1] B<S>, [2] B<D>, [3] B<M>, [4] B<E>
9244 =head2 Encode::Tcl - Tcl encodings
9246 =head2 EncodeFormat - the format of encoding tables of the Encode extension
9252 [1] B<S>, [2] B<D>, [3] B<M>, [4] B<E>
9260 =head2 English - use nice English (or awk) names for ugly punctuation
9273 =head2 Env - perl module that imports environment variables as scalars or
9288 =head2 Errno - System errno constants
9304 =head2 Exporter - Implements default import method for modules
9316 =item Selecting What To Export
9318 =item Specialised Import Lists
9320 =item Exporting without using Export's import method
9322 =item Module Version Checking
9324 =item Managing Unknown Symbols
9326 =item Tag Handling Utility Functions
9332 =head2 Exporter::Heavy - Exporter guts
9342 =head2 ExtUtils::Command - utilities to replace common UNIX commands in
9363 mv source... destination
9365 cp source... destination
9383 =head2 ExtUtils::Constant - generate XS code to import C header constants
9403 memEQ_clause NAME, CHECKED_AT, INDENT
9405 return_clause VALUE, TYPE, INDENT, MACRO
9409 C_constant SUBNAME, DEFAULT_TYPE, TYPES, INDENT, NAMELEN, ITEM.., name,
9412 XS_constant PACKAGE, TYPES, SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME
9414 autoload PACKAGE, VERSION
9422 =head2 ExtUtils::Embed - Utilities for embedding Perl in C/C++ applications
9434 xsinit(), Examples, ldopts(), Examples, perl_inc(), ccflags(), ccdlflags(),
9435 ccopts(), xsi_header(), xsi_protos(@modules), xsi_body(@modules)
9445 =head2 ExtUtils::Install - install files from here to there
9455 =head2 ExtUtils::Installed - Inventory management of installed modules
9467 new(), modules(), files(), directories(), directory_tree(), validate(),
9468 packlist(), version()
9476 =head2 ExtUtils::Liblist - determine libraries to use and how to use them
9484 For static extensions, For dynamic extensions, For dynamic extensions
9490 =item LDLOADLIBS and LD_RUN_PATH
9500 =item VMS implementation
9502 =item Win32 implementation
9510 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
9519 canonpath, cflags, manifypods, perl_archive
9523 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_OS2 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
9538 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Unix - methods used by ExtUtils::MakeMaker
9550 =item Preloaded methods
9570 =item SelfLoaded methods
9616 file_name_is_absolute
9622 =item Methods to actually produce chunks of text for the Makefile
9662 maybe_command_in_dirs
9700 replace_manpage_separator
9714 test_via_harness (o)
9746 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_VMS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
9757 =item Methods always loaded
9769 =item SelfLoaded methods
9771 guess_name (override)
9775 find_perl (override)
9779 maybe_command (override)
9781 maybe_command_in_dirs (override)
9783 perl_script (override)
9785 file_name_is_absolute (override)
9787 replace_manpage_separator
9789 init_others (override)
9791 constants (override)
9795 const_cccmd (override)
9797 pm_to_blib (override)
9799 tool_autosplit (override)
9801 tool_sxubpp (override)
9803 xsubpp_version (override)
9805 tools_other (override)
9815 top_targets (override)
9819 dynamic_lib (override)
9821 dynamic_bs (override)
9823 static_lib (override)
9825 manifypods (override)
9827 processPL (override)
9829 installbin (override)
9835 realclean (override)
9837 dist_basics (override)
9839 dist_core (override)
9843 dist_test (override)
9847 perldepend (override)
9853 test_via_harness (override)
9855 test_via_script (override)
9857 makeaperl (override)
9861 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Win32 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
9888 test_via_harness (o)
9890 tool_autosplit (override)
9908 =head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker - create an extension Makefile
9918 =item How To Write A Makefile.PL
9920 =item Default Makefile Behaviour
9928 =item PREFIX and LIB attribute
9932 =item Static Linking of a new Perl Binary
9934 =item Determination of Perl Library and Installation Locations
9936 =item Which architecture dependent directory?
9938 =item Using Attributes and Parameters
9940 ABSTRACT, ABSTRACT_FROM, AUTHOR, BINARY_LOCATION, C, CAPI, CCFLAGS, CONFIG,
9941 CONFIGURE, DEFINE, DIR, DISTNAME, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, EXCLUDE_EXT,
9942 EXE_FILES, FIRST_MAKEFILE, FULLPERL, FUNCLIST, H, HTMLLIBPODS,
9943 HTMLSCRIPTPODS, IMPORTS, INC, INCLUDE_EXT, INSTALLARCHLIB, INSTALLBIN,
9944 INSTALLDIRS, INSTALLHTMLPRIVLIBDIR, INSTALLHTMLSCRIPTDIR,
9945 INSTALLHTMLSITELIBDIR, INSTALLMAN1DIR, INSTALLMAN3DIR, INSTALLPRIVLIB,
9946 INSTALLSCRIPT, INSTALLSITEARCH, INSTALLSITELIB, INST_ARCHLIB, INST_BIN,
9947 INST_EXE, INST_HTMLLIBDIR, INST_HTMLSCRIPTDIR, INST_LIB, INST_MAN1DIR,
9948 INST_MAN3DIR, INST_SCRIPT, LDFROM, LIB, LIBPERL_A, LIBS, LINKTYPE,
9949 MAKEAPERL, MAKEFILE, MAN1PODS, MAN3PODS, MAP_TARGET, MYEXTLIB, NAME,
9950 NEEDS_LINKING, NOECHO, NORECURS, NO_VC, OBJECT, OPTIMIZE, PERL, PERLMAINCC,
9951 PERL_ARCHLIB, PERL_LIB, PERL_MALLOC_OK, PERL_SRC, PERM_RW, PERM_RWX,
9952 PL_FILES, PM, PMLIBDIRS, PM_FILTER, POLLUTE, PPM_INSTALL_EXEC,
9953 PPM_INSTALL_SCRIPT, PREFIX, PREREQ_PM, SKIP, TYPEMAPS, VERSION,
9954 VERSION_FROM, XS, XSOPT, XSPROTOARG, XS_VERSION
9956 =item Additional lowercase attributes
9958 clean, depend, dist, dynamic_lib, linkext, macro, realclean, test,
9961 =item Overriding MakeMaker Methods
9963 =item Hintsfile support
9965 =item Distribution Support
9967 make distcheck, make skipcheck, make distclean, make manifest,
9968 make distdir, make tardist, make dist, make uutardist, make
9969 shdist, make zipdist, make ci
9971 =item Disabling an extension
9985 =head2 ExtUtils::Manifest - utilities to write and check a MANIFEST file
9997 =item GLOBAL VARIABLES
10001 C<Not in MANIFEST:> I<file>, C<No such file:> I<file>, C<MANIFEST:> I<$!>,
10002 C<Added to MANIFEST:> I<file>
10006 B<PERL_MM_MANIFEST_DEBUG>
10014 =head2 ExtUtils::Miniperl, writemain - write the C code for perlmain.c
10026 =head2 ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap - make a bootstrap file for use by DynaLoader
10036 =head2 ExtUtils::Mksymlists - write linker options files for dynamic
10045 DLBASE, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, FILE, FUNCLIST, IMPORTS, NAME
10053 =head2 ExtUtils::Packlist - manage .packlist files
10065 new(), read(), write(), validate(), packlist_file()
10073 =head2 ExtUtils::testlib - add blib/* directories to @INC
10083 =head2 Fatal - replace functions with equivalents which succeed or die
10095 =head2 Fcntl - load the C Fcntl.h defines
10105 =item EXPORTED SYMBOLS
10109 =head2 File::Basename, fileparse - split a pathname into pieces
10117 fileparse_set_fstype, fileparse
10121 C<basename>, C<dirname>
10125 =head2 File::CheckTree, validate - run many filetest checks on a tree
10135 =head2 File::Compare - Compare files or filehandles
10149 =head2 File::Copy - Copy files or filehandles
10159 =item Special behaviour if C<syscopy> is defined (OS/2, VMS and Win32)
10161 rmscopy($from,$to[,$date_flag])
10171 =head2 File::DosGlob - DOS like globbing and then some
10179 =item EXPORTS (by request only)
10191 =head2 File::Find, find - traverse a file tree
10199 C<wanted>, C<bydepth>, C<preprocess>, C<postprocess>, C<follow>,
10200 C<follow_fast>, C<follow_skip>, C<no_chdir>, C<untaint>,
10201 C<untaint_pattern>, C<untaint_skip>
10207 =head2 File::Glob - Perl extension for BSD glob routine
10215 C<GLOB_ERR>, C<GLOB_LIMIT>, C<GLOB_MARK>, C<GLOB_NOCASE>, C<GLOB_NOCHECK>,
10216 C<GLOB_NOSORT>, C<GLOB_BRACE>, C<GLOB_NOMAGIC>, C<GLOB_QUOTE>,
10217 C<GLOB_TILDE>, C<GLOB_CSH>, C<GLOB_ALPHASORT>
10221 C<GLOB_NOSPACE>, C<GLOB_ABEND>
10229 =head2 File::Path - create or remove directory trees
10241 =head2 File::Spec - portably perform operations on file names
10255 =head2 File::Spec::Epoc - methods for Epoc file specs
10289 =head2 File::Spec::Functions - portably perform operations on file names
10307 =head2 File::Spec::Mac - File::Spec for MacOS
10335 file_name_is_absolute
10355 =head2 File::Spec::OS2 - methods for OS/2 file specs
10365 =head2 File::Spec::Unix - methods used by File::Spec
10397 file_name_is_absolute
10419 =head2 File::Spec::VMS - methods for VMS file specs
10435 =item Methods always loaded
10437 canonpath (override)
10455 case_tolerant (override)
10459 file_name_is_absolute (override)
10461 splitpath (override)
10463 splitdir (override)
10477 =head2 File::Spec::Win32 - methods for Win32 file specs
10507 =head2 File::Temp - return name and handle of a temporary file safely
10531 =item MKTEMP FUNCTIONS
10545 =item POSIX FUNCTIONS
10555 =item ADDITIONAL FUNCTIONS
10563 =item UTILITY FUNCTIONS
10571 =item PACKAGE VARIABLES
10573 B<safe_level>, STANDARD, MEDIUM, HIGH
10585 =item Temporary files and NFS
10597 =head2 File::stat - by-name interface to Perl's built-in stat() functions
10611 =head2 FileCache - keep more files open than the system permits
10623 =head2 FileHandle - supply object methods for filehandles
10631 $fh->print, $fh->printf, $fh->getline, $fh->getlines
10637 =head2 Filter::Simple - Simplified source filtering
10651 =item Disabling or changing <no> behaviour
10653 =item All-in-one interface
10665 =head2 Filter::Util::Call - Perl Source Filter Utility Module
10675 =item B<use Filter::Util::Call>
10679 =item B<filter() and anonymous sub>
10681 B<$_>, B<$status>, B<filter_read> and B<filter_read_exact>, B<filter_del>
10689 =item Example 1: A simple filter.
10691 =item Example 2: Using the context
10693 =item Example 3: Using the context within the filter
10695 =item Example 4: Using filter_del
10699 =item Filter::Simple
10707 =head2 FindBin - Locate directory of original perl script
10715 =item EXPORTABLE VARIABLES
10725 =head2 GDBM_File - Perl5 access to the gdbm library.
10741 =head2 Getopt::Long - Extended processing of command line options
10749 =item Command Line Options, an Introduction
10751 =item Getting Started with Getopt::Long
10755 =item Simple options
10757 =item A little bit less simple options
10759 =item Mixing command line option with other arguments
10761 =item Options with values
10763 =item Options with multiple values
10765 =item Options with hash values
10767 =item User-defined subroutines to handle options
10769 =item Options with multiple names
10771 =item Case and abbreviations
10773 =item Summary of Option Specifications
10775 !, +, s, i, f, : I<type> [ I<desttype> ]
10779 =item Advanced Possibilities
10783 =item Object oriented interface
10785 =item Documentation and help texts
10787 =item Storing options in a hash
10791 =item The lonesome dash
10793 =item Argument call-back
10797 =item Configuring Getopt::Long
10799 default, posix_default, auto_abbrev, getopt_compat, gnu_compat, gnu_getopt,
10800 require_order, permute, bundling (default: disabled), bundling_override
10801 (default: disabled), ignore_case (default: enabled), ignore_case_always
10802 (default: disabled), pass_through (default: disabled), prefix,
10803 prefix_pattern, debug (default: disabled)
10805 =item Return values and Errors
10811 =item Default destinations
10813 =item Alternative option starters
10815 =item Configuration variables
10819 =item Trouble Shooting
10823 =item Warning: Ignoring '!' modifier for short option
10825 =item GetOptions does not return a false result when an option is not
10832 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER
10836 =head2 Getopt::Std, getopt - Process single-character switches with switch
10847 =head2 I18N::Collate - compare 8-bit scalar data according to the current
10858 =head2 I18N::LangTags - functions for dealing with RFC3066-style language
10869 the function is_language_tag($lang1)
10871 the function extract_language_tags($whatever)
10873 the function same_language_tag($lang1, $lang2)
10875 the function similarity_language_tag($lang1, $lang2)
10877 the function is_dialect_of($lang1, $lang2)
10879 the function super_languages($lang1)
10881 the function locale2language_tag($locale_identifier)
10883 the function encode_language_tag($lang1)
10885 the function alternate_language_tags($lang1)
10889 =item ABOUT LOWERCASING
10891 =item ABOUT UNICODE PLAINTEXT LANGUAGE TAGS
10901 =head2 I18N::LangTags::List, I18n::LangTags::List -- list of tags for human
10908 =item ABOUT LANGUAGE TAGS
10910 =item LIST OF LANGUAGES
10912 I<{ab}> : Abkhazian, I<{ace}> : Achinese, I<{ach}> : Acoli, I<{ada}> :
10913 Adangme, I<{aa}> : Afar, I<{afh}> : Afrihili, I<{af}> : Afrikaans,
10914 [I<{afa}> : Afro-Asiatic (Other)], I<{aka}> : Akan, I<{akk}> : Akkadian,
10915 I<{sq}> : Albanian, I<{ale}> : Aleut, [I<{alg}> : Algonquian languages],
10916 [I<{tut}> : Altaic (Other)], I<{am}> : Amharic, I<{i-ami}> : Ami, [I<{apa}>
10917 : Apache languages], I<{ar}> : Arabic, I<{arc}> : Aramaic, I<{arp}> :
10918 Arapaho, I<{arn}> : Araucanian, I<{arw}> : Arawak, I<{hy}> : Armenian,
10919 [I<{art}> : Artificial (Other)], I<{as}> : Assamese, [I<{ath}> : Athapascan
10920 languages], [I<{aus}> : Australian languages], [I<{map}> : Austronesian
10921 (Other)], I<{ava}> : Avaric, I<{ae}> : Avestan, I<{awa}> : Awadhi, I<{ay}>
10922 : Aymara, I<{az}> : Azerbaijani, I<{ban}> : Balinese, [I<{bat}> : Baltic
10923 (Other)], I<{bal}> : Baluchi, I<{bam}> : Bambara, [I<{bai}> : Bamileke
10924 languages], I<{bad}> : Banda, [I<{bnt}> : Bantu (Other)], I<{bas}> : Basa,
10925 I<{ba}> : Bashkir, I<{eu}> : Basque, I<{btk}> : Batak (Indonesia), I<{bej}>
10926 : Beja, I<{be}> : Belarusian, I<{bem}> : Bemba, I<{bn}> : Bengali,
10927 [I<{ber}> : Berber (Other)], I<{bho}> : Bhojpuri, I<{bh}> : Bihari,
10928 I<{bik}> : Bikol, I<{bin}> : Bini, I<{bi}> : Bislama, I<{bs}> : Bosnian,
10929 I<{bra}> : Braj, I<{br}> : Breton, I<{bug}> : Buginese, I<{bg}> :
10930 Bulgarian, I<{i-bnn}> : Bunun, I<{bua}> : Buriat, I<{my}> : Burmese,
10931 I<{cad}> : Caddo, I<{car}> : Carib, I<{ca}> : Catalan, [I<{cau}> :
10932 Caucasian (Other)], I<{ceb}> : Cebuano, [I<{cel}> : Celtic (Other)],
10933 [I<{cai}> : Central American Indian (Other)], I<{chg}> : Chagatai,
10934 [I<{cmc}> : Chamic languages], I<{ch}> : Chamorro, I<{ce}> : Chechen,
10935 I<{chr}> : Cherokee, I<{chy}> : Cheyenne, I<{chb}> : Chibcha, I<{ny}> :
10936 Chichewa, I<{zh}> : Chinese, I<{chn}> : Chinook Jargon, I<{chp}> :
10937 Chipewyan, I<{cho}> : Choctaw, I<{cu}> : Church Slavic, I<{chk}> :
10938 Chuukese, I<{cv}> : Chuvash, I<{cop}> : Coptic, I<{kw}> : Cornish, I<{co}>
10939 : Corsican, I<{cre}> : Cree, I<{mus}> : Creek, [I<{cpe}> : English-based
10940 Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [I<{cpf}> : French-based Creoles and pidgins
10941 (Other)], [I<{cpp}> : Portuguese-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)],
10942 [I<{crp}> : Creoles and pidgins (Other)], I<{hr}> : Croatian, [I<{cus}> :
10943 Cushitic (Other)], I<{cs}> : Czech, I<{dak}> : Dakota, I<{da}> : Danish,
10944 I<{day}> : Dayak, I<{i-default}> : Default (Fallthru) Language, I<{del}> :
10945 Delaware, I<{din}> : Dinka, I<{div}> : Divehi, I<{doi}> : Dogri, I<{dgr}> :
10946 Dogrib, [I<{dra}> : Dravidian (Other)], I<{dua}> : Duala, I<{nl}> : Dutch,
10947 I<{dum}> : Middle Dutch (ca.1050-1350), I<{dyu}> : Dyula, I<{dz}> :
10948 Dzongkha, I<{efi}> : Efik, I<{egy}> : Ancient Egyptian, I<{eka}> : Ekajuk,
10949 I<{elx}> : Elamite, I<{en}> : English, I<{enm}> : Old English (1100-1500),
10950 I<{ang}> : Old English (ca.450-1100), I<{eo}> : Esperanto, I<{et}> :
10951 Estonian, I<{ewe}> : Ewe, I<{ewo}> : Ewondo, I<{fan}> : Fang, I<{fat}> :
10952 Fanti, I<{fo}> : Faroese, I<{fj}> : Fijian, I<{fi}> : Finnish, [I<{fiu}> :
10953 Finno-Ugrian (Other)], I<{fon}> : Fon, I<{fr}> : French, I<{frm}> : Middle
10954 French (ca.1400-1600), I<{fro}> : Old French (842-ca.1400), I<{fy}> :
10955 Frisian, I<{fur}> : Friulian, I<{ful}> : Fulah, I<{gaa}> : Ga, I<{gd}> :
10956 Scots Gaelic, I<{gl}> : Gallegan, I<{lug}> : Ganda, I<{gay}> : Gayo,
10957 I<{gba}> : Gbaya, I<{gez}> : Geez, I<{ka}> : Georgian, I<{de}> : German,
10958 I<{gmh}> : Middle High German (ca.1050-1500), I<{goh}> : Old High German
10959 (ca.750-1050), [I<{gem}> : Germanic (Other)], I<{gil}> : Gilbertese,
10960 I<{gon}> : Gondi, I<{gor}> : Gorontalo, I<{got}> : Gothic, I<{grb}> :
10961 Grebo, I<{grc}> : Ancient Greek (to 1453), I<{el}> : Modern Greek (1453-),
10962 I<{gn}> : Guarani, I<{gu}> : Gujarati, I<{gwi}> : Gwich'in, I<{hai}> :
10963 Haida, I<{ha}> : Hausa, I<{haw}> : Hawaiian, I<{he}> : Hebrew, I<{hz}> :
10964 Herero, I<{hil}> : Hiligaynon, I<{him}> : Himachali, I<{hi}> : Hindi,
10965 I<{ho}> : Hiri Motu, I<{hit}> : Hittite, I<{hmn}> : Hmong, I<{hu}> :
10966 Hungarian, I<{hup}> : Hupa, I<{iba}> : Iban, I<{is}> : Icelandic, I<{ibo}>
10967 : Igbo, I<{ijo}> : Ijo, I<{ilo}> : Iloko, [I<{inc}> : Indic (Other)],
10968 [I<{ine}> : Indo-European (Other)], I<{id}> : Indonesian, I<{ia}> :
10969 Interlingua (International Auxiliary Language Association), I<{ie}> :
10970 Interlingue, I<{iu}> : Inuktitut, I<{ik}> : Inupiaq, [I<{ira}> : Iranian
10971 (Other)], I<{ga}> : Irish, I<{mga}> : Middle Irish (900-1200), I<{sga}> :
10972 Old Irish (to 900), [I<{iro}> : Iroquoian languages], I<{it}> : Italian,
10973 I<{ja}> : Japanese, I<{jw}> : Javanese, I<{jrb}> : Judeo-Arabic, I<{jpr}> :
10974 Judeo-Persian, I<{kab}> : Kabyle, I<{kac}> : Kachin, I<{kl}> : Kalaallisut,
10975 I<{kam}> : Kamba, I<{kn}> : Kannada, I<{kau}> : Kanuri, I<{kaa}> :
10976 Kara-Kalpak, I<{kar}> : Karen, I<{ks}> : Kashmiri, I<{kaw}> : Kawi, I<{kk}>
10977 : Kazakh, I<{kha}> : Khasi, I<{km}> : Khmer, [I<{khi}> : Khoisan (Other)],
10978 I<{kho}> : Khotanese, I<{ki}> : Kikuyu, I<{kmb}> : Kimbundu, I<{rw}> :
10979 Kinyarwanda, I<{ky}> : Kirghiz, I<{i-klingon}> : Klingon, I<{kv}> : Komi,
10980 I<{kon}> : Kongo, I<{kok}> : Konkani, I<{ko}> : Korean, I<{kos}> :
10981 Kosraean, I<{kpe}> : Kpelle, I<{kro}> : Kru, I<{kj}> : Kuanyama, I<{kum}> :
10982 Kumyk, I<{ku}> : Kurdish, I<{kru}> : Kurukh, I<{kut}> : Kutenai, I<{lad}> :
10983 Ladino, I<{lah}> : Lahnda, I<{lam}> : Lamba, I<{lo}> : Lao, I<{la}> :
10984 Latin, I<{lv}> : Latvian, I<{lb}> : Letzeburgesch, I<{lez}> : Lezghian,
10985 I<{ln}> : Lingala, I<{lt}> : Lithuanian, I<{nds}> : Low German, I<{loz}> :
10986 Lozi, I<{lub}> : Luba-Katanga, I<{lua}> : Luba-Lulua, I<{lui}> : Luiseno,
10987 I<{lun}> : Lunda, I<{luo}> : Luo (Kenya and Tanzania), I<{lus}> : Lushai,
10988 I<{mk}> : Macedonian, I<{mad}> : Madurese, I<{mag}> : Magahi, I<{mai}> :
10989 Maithili, I<{mak}> : Makasar, I<{mg}> : Malagasy, I<{ms}> : Malay, I<{ml}>
10990 : Malayalam, I<{mt}> : Maltese, I<{mnc}> : Manchu, I<{mdr}> : Mandar,
10991 I<{man}> : Mandingo, I<{mni}> : Manipuri, [I<{mno}> : Manobo languages],
10992 I<{gv}> : Manx, I<{mi}> : Maori, I<{mr}> : Marathi, I<{chm}> : Mari,
10993 I<{mh}> : Marshall, I<{mwr}> : Marwari, I<{mas}> : Masai, [I<{myn}> : Mayan
10994 languages], I<{men}> : Mende, I<{mic}> : Micmac, I<{min}> : Minangkabau,
10995 I<{i-mingo}> : Mingo, [I<{mis}> : Miscellaneous languages], I<{moh}> :
10996 Mohawk, I<{mo}> : Moldavian, [I<{mkh}> : Mon-Khmer (Other)], I<{lol}> :
10997 Mongo, I<{mn}> : Mongolian, I<{mos}> : Mossi, [I<{mul}> : Multiple
10998 languages], [I<{mun}> : Munda languages], I<{nah}> : Nahuatl, I<{na}> :
10999 Nauru, I<{nv}> : Navajo, I<{nd}> : North Ndebele, I<{nr}> : South Ndebele,
11000 I<{ng}> : Ndonga, I<{ne}> : Nepali, I<{new}> : Newari, I<{nia}> : Nias,
11001 [I<{nic}> : Niger-Kordofanian (Other)], [I<{ssa}> : Nilo-Saharan (Other)],
11002 I<{niu}> : Niuean, I<{non}> : Old Norse, [I<{nai}> : North American
11003 Indian], I<{se}> : Northern Sami, I<{no}> : Norwegian, I<{nb}> : Norwegian
11004 BokmE<aring>l, I<{nn}> : Norwegian Nynorsk, [I<{nub}> : Nubian languages],
11005 I<{nym}> : Nyamwezi, I<{nyn}> : Nyankole, I<{nyo}> : Nyoro, I<{nzi}> :
11006 Nzima, I<{oc}> : Occitan (post 1500), I<{oji}> : Ojibwa, I<{or}> : Oriya,
11007 I<{om}> : Oromo, I<{osa}> : Osage, I<{os}> : Ossetian; Ossetic, [I<{oto}> :
11008 Otomian languages], I<{pal}> : Pahlavi, I<{i-pwn}> : Paiwan, I<{pau}> :
11009 Palauan, I<{pi}> : Pali, I<{pam}> : Pampanga, I<{pag}> : Pangasinan,
11010 I<{pa}> : Panjabi, I<{pap}> : Papiamento, [I<{paa}> : Papuan (Other)],
11011 I<{fa}> : Persian, I<{peo}> : Old Persian (ca.600-400 B.C.), [I<{phi}> :
11012 Philippine (Other)], I<{phn}> : Phoenician, I<{pon}> : Pohnpeian, I<{pl}> :
11013 Polish, I<{pt}> : Portuguese, [I<{pra}> : Prakrit languages], I<{pro}> :
11014 Old ProvenE<ccedil>al (to 1500), I<{ps}> : Pushto, I<{qu}> : Quechua,
11015 I<{rm}> : Raeto-Romance, I<{raj}> : Rajasthani, I<{rap}> : Rapanui,
11016 I<{rar}> : Rarotongan, [I<{qaa}>-I<qtz> : Reserved for local use.],
11017 [I<{roa}> : Romance (Other)], I<{ro}> : Romanian, I<{rom}> : Romany,
11018 I<{rn}> : Rundi, I<{ru}> : Russian, [I<{sal}> : Salishan languages],
11019 I<{sam}> : Samaritan Aramaic, [I<{smi}> : Sami languages (Other)], I<{sm}>
11020 : Samoan, I<{sad}> : Sandawe, I<{sg}> : Sango, I<{sa}> : Sanskrit, I<{sat}>
11021 : Santali, I<{sc}> : Sardinian, I<{sas}> : Sasak, I<{sco}> : Scots,
11022 I<{sel}> : Selkup, [I<{sem}> : Semitic (Other)], I<{sr}> : Serbian,
11023 I<{srr}> : Serer, I<{shn}> : Shan, I<{sn}> : Shona, I<{sid}> : Sidamo,
11024 I<{sgn-...}> : Sign Languages, I<{bla}> : Siksika, I<{sd}> : Sindhi,
11025 I<{si}> : Sinhalese, [I<{sit}> : Sino-Tibetan (Other)], [I<{sio}> : Siouan
11026 languages], I<{den}> : Slave (Athapascan), [I<{sla}> : Slavic (Other)],
11027 I<{sk}> : Slovak, I<{sl}> : Slovenian, I<{sog}> : Sogdian, I<{so}> :
11028 Somali, I<{son}> : Songhai, I<{snk}> : Soninke, I<{wen}> : Sorbian
11029 languages, I<{nso}> : Northern Sotho, I<{st}> : Southern Sotho, [I<{sai}> :
11030 South American Indian (Other)], I<{es}> : Spanish, I<{suk}> : Sukuma,
11031 I<{sux}> : Sumerian, I<{su}> : Sundanese, I<{sus}> : Susu, I<{sw}> :
11032 Swahili, I<{ss}> : Swati, I<{sv}> : Swedish, I<{syr}> : Syriac, I<{tl}> :
11033 Tagalog, I<{ty}> : Tahitian, [I<{tai}> : Tai (Other)], I<{tg}> : Tajik,
11034 I<{tmh}> : Tamashek, I<{ta}> : Tamil, I<{i-tao}> : Tao, I<{tt}> : Tatar,
11035 I<{i-tay}> : Tayal, I<{te}> : Telugu, I<{ter}> : Tereno, I<{tet}> : Tetum,
11036 I<{th}> : Thai, I<{bo}> : Tibetan, I<{tig}> : Tigre, I<{ti}> : Tigrinya,
11037 I<{tem}> : Timne, I<{tiv}> : Tiv, I<{tli}> : Tlingit, I<{tpi}> : Tok Pisin,
11038 I<{tkl}> : Tokelau, I<{tog}> : Tonga (Nyasa), I<{to}> : Tonga (Tonga
11039 Islands), I<{tsi}> : Tsimshian, I<{ts}> : Tsonga, I<{i-tsu}> : Tsou,
11040 I<{tn}> : Tswana, I<{tum}> : Tumbuka, I<{tr}> : Turkish, I<{ota}> : Ottoman
11041 Turkish (1500-1928), I<{tk}> : Turkmen, I<{tvl}> : Tuvalu, I<{tyv}> :
11042 Tuvinian, I<{tw}> : Twi, I<{uga}> : Ugaritic, I<{ug}> : Uighur, I<{uk}> :
11043 Ukrainian, I<{umb}> : Umbundu, I<{und}> : Undetermined, I<{ur}> : Urdu,
11044 I<{uz}> : Uzbek, I<{vai}> : Vai, I<{ven}> : Venda, I<{vi}> : Vietnamese,
11045 I<{vo}> : VolapE<uuml>k, I<{vot}> : Votic, [I<{wak}> : Wakashan languages],
11046 I<{wal}> : Walamo, I<{war}> : Waray, I<{was}> : Washo, I<{cy}> : Welsh,
11047 I<{wo}> : Wolof, I<{x-...}> : Unregistered (Private Use), I<{xh}> : Xhosa,
11048 I<{sah}> : Yakut, I<{yao}> : Yao, I<{yap}> : Yapese, I<{yi}> : Yiddish,
11049 I<{yo}> : Yoruba, [I<{ypk}> : Yupik languages], I<{znd}> : Zande, [I<{zap}>
11050 : Zapotec], I<{zen}> : Zenaga, I<{za}> : Zhuang, I<{zu}> : Zulu, I<{zun}> :
11055 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER
11061 =head2 IO - load various IO modules
11071 =head2 IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory handles
11079 new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (),
11080 rewind (), close (), tie %hash, IO::Dir, DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ]
11090 =head2 IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles
11100 new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile
11104 open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] )
11112 =head2 IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O handles
11122 new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE )
11126 $io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines,
11127 $io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ), $io->error,
11128 $io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush ( ARGS ),
11129 $io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint
11141 =head2 IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes
11151 new ( [READER, WRITER] )
11155 reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles ()
11165 =head2 IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call
11175 mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ), remove (
11176 IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] )
11186 =head2 IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for I/O objects
11194 $io->getpos, $io->setpos, $io->seek ( POS, WHENCE ), WHENCE=0 (SEEK_SET),
11195 WHENCE=1 (SEEK_CUR), WHENCE=2 (SEEK_END), $io->sysseek( POS, WHENCE ),
11204 =head2 IO::Select - OO interface to the select system call
11214 new ( [ HANDLES ] )
11218 add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read (
11219 [ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ),
11220 count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, ERROR [, TIMEOUT ] )
11230 =head2 IO::Socket - Object interface to socket communications
11244 accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), atmark, connected,
11245 protocol, sockdomain, sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), socktype, timeout([VAL])
11255 =head2 IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for AF_INET domain sockets
11271 sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost
11284 =head2 IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for AF_UNIX domain sockets
11298 hostpath(), peerpath()
11308 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Dir, IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory
11317 new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (),
11318 rewind (), close (), tie %hash, IO::Dir, DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ]
11328 =head2 IO::lib::IO::File, IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles
11338 new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile
11342 open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] )
11350 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Handle, IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O
11361 new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE )
11365 $io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines,
11366 $io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ), $io->error,
11367 $io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush ( ARGS ),
11368 $io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint
11380 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Pipe, IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes
11390 new ( [READER, WRITER] )
11394 reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles ()
11404 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Poll, IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call
11414 mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ), remove (
11415 IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] )
11425 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Seekable, IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for
11434 $io->getpos, $io->setpos, $io->seek ( POS, WHENCE ), WHENCE=0 (SEEK_SET),
11435 WHENCE=1 (SEEK_CUR), WHENCE=2 (SEEK_END), $io->sysseek( POS, WHENCE ),
11444 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Select, IO::Select - OO interface to the select system
11455 new ( [ HANDLES ] )
11459 add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read (
11460 [ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ),
11461 count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, ERROR [, TIMEOUT ] )
11471 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket, IO::Socket - Object interface to socket
11486 accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), atmark, connected,
11487 protocol, sockdomain, sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), socktype, timeout([VAL])
11497 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket::INET, IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for
11498 AF_INET domain sockets
11514 sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost
11527 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket::UNIX, IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for
11528 AF_UNIX domain sockets
11542 hostpath(), peerpath()
11552 =head2 IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class
11562 new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set
11563 ( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [,
11574 =head2 IPC::Open2, open2 - open a process for both reading and writing
11588 =head2 IPC::Open3, open3 - open a process for reading, writing, and error
11601 =head2 IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object class
11611 new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ),
11612 getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ),
11613 set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N
11624 =head2 IPC::SysV - SysV IPC constants
11642 =head2 IPC::SysV::Msg, IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class
11652 new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set
11653 ( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [,
11664 =head2 IPC::SysV::Semaphore, IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object
11675 new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ),
11676 getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ),
11677 set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N
11688 =head2 List::Util - A selection of general-utility list subroutines
11696 first BLOCK LIST, max LIST, maxstr LIST, min LIST, minstr LIST, reduce
11697 BLOCK LIST, sum LIST
11699 =item SUGGESTED ADDITIONS
11705 =head2 List::Utilib::List::Util, List::Util - A selection of
11706 general-utility list subroutines
11714 first BLOCK LIST, max LIST, maxstr LIST, min LIST, minstr LIST, reduce
11715 BLOCK LIST, sum LIST
11717 =item SUGGESTED ADDITIONS
11723 =head2 List::Utilib::Scalar::Util, Scalar::Util - A selection of
11724 general-utility scalar subroutines
11732 blessed EXPR, dualvar NUM, STRING, isweak EXPR, readonly SCALAR, reftype
11733 EXPR, tainted EXPR, weaken REF
11741 =head2 Locale::Constants - constants for Locale codes
11749 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
11753 Locale::Language, Locale::Country, Locale::Currency
11761 =head2 Locale::Country - ISO codes for country identification (ISO 3166)
11773 B<alpha-2>, B<alpha-3>, B<numeric>
11779 =item CONVERSION ROUTINES
11781 code2country( CODE, [ CODESET ] ), country2code( STRING, [ CODESET ] ),
11782 country_code2code( CODE, CODESET, CODESET )
11788 =item QUERY ROUTINES
11790 C<all_country_codes( [ CODESET ] )>, C<all_country_names( [ CODESET ] )>
11796 =item CODE ALIASING
11806 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
11810 Locale::Language, Locale::Currency, ISO 3166,
11811 http://www.din.de/gremien/nas/nabd/iso3166ma/,
11812 http://www.egt.ie/standards/iso3166/iso3166-1-en.html,
11813 http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/docs/app-f.html
11821 =head2 Locale::Currency - ISO three letter codes for currency
11822 identification (ISO 4217)
11840 =item CONVERSION ROUTINES
11842 code2currency(), currency2code()
11848 =item QUERY ROUTINES
11850 C<all_currency_codes()>, C<all_currency_names()>
11858 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
11862 Locale::Country, ISO 4217:1995, http://www.bsi-global.com/iso4217currency
11870 =head2 Locale::Language - ISO two letter codes for language identification
11887 =item CONVERSION ROUTINES
11889 code2language(), language2code()
11895 =item QUERY ROUTINES
11897 C<all_language_codes()>, C<all_language_names()>
11905 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
11909 Locale::Country, Locale::Currency, ISO 639:1988 (E/F),
11910 http://lcweb.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/langhome.html
11918 =head2 Locale::Maketext -- framework for localization
11926 =item QUICK OVERVIEW
11932 =item Construction Methods
11934 $lh = YourProjClass->get_handle( ...langtags... ) || die "lg-handle?";, $lh
11935 = YourProjClass->get_handleB<()> || die "lg-handle?";, $lh =
11936 YourProjClass::langname->new();, $lh->init();,
11937 YourProjClass->fallback_languages(),
11938 YourProjClass->fallback_language_classes()
11940 =item The "maketext" Method
11942 $lh->fail_with I<or> $lh->fail_with(I<PARAM>), $lh->failure_handler_auto
11944 =item Utility Methods
11946 $language->quant($number, $singular), $language->quant($number, $singular,
11947 $plural), $language->quant($number, $singular, $plural, $negative),
11948 $language->numf($number), $language->sprintf($format, @items),
11949 $language->language_tag(), $language->encoding()
11951 =item Language Handle Attributes and Internals
11955 =item LANGUAGE CLASS HIERARCHIES
11957 =item ENTRIES IN EACH LEXICON
11959 =item BRACKET NOTATION
11961 =item AUTO LEXICONS
11963 =item CONTROLLING LOOKUP FAILURE
11965 =item HOW TO USE MAKETEXT
11969 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER
11975 =head2 Locale::Maketext::TPJ13 -- article about software localization
11983 =item Localization and Perl: gettext breaks, Maketext fixes
11987 =item A Localization Horror Story: It Could Happen To You
11989 =item The Linguistic View
11991 =item Breaking gettext
11993 =item Replacing gettext
11995 =item Buzzwords: Abstraction and Encapsulation
11997 =item Buzzword: Isomorphism
11999 =item Buzzword: Inheritance
12001 =item Buzzword: Concision
12003 =item The Devil in the Details
12005 =item The Proof in the Pudding: Localizing Web Sites
12013 =head2 MIME::Base64 - Encoding and decoding of base64 strings
12021 encode_base64($str, [$eol]), decode_base64($str)
12025 Premature end of base64 data, Premature padding of base64 data
12033 =head2 MIME::Base64::QuotedPrint, MIME::QuotedPrint - Encoding and decoding
12034 of quoted-printable strings
12042 encode_qp($str), decode_qp($str);
12048 =head2 MIME::QuotedPrint - Encoding and decoding of quoted-printable
12057 encode_qp($str), decode_qp($str);
12063 =head2 Math::BigFloat - Arbitrary length float math package
12071 number format, Error returns 'NaN', Division is computed to, Rounding is
12080 =head2 Math::BigInt - Arbitrary size integer math package
12088 Canonical notation, Input, Output
12092 =item Autocreating constants
12100 =head2 Math::Complex - complex numbers and associated mathematical
12113 =item STRINGIFICATION
12117 =item CHANGED IN PERL 5.6
12123 =item ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO OR LOGARITHM OF ZERO
12125 =item ERRORS DUE TO INDIGESTIBLE ARGUMENTS
12133 =head2 Math::Trig - trigonometric functions
12141 =item TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS
12147 =item ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO
12149 =item SIMPLE (REAL) ARGUMENTS, COMPLEX RESULTS
12153 =item PLANE ANGLE CONVERSIONS
12155 =item RADIAL COORDINATE CONVERSIONS
12159 =item COORDINATE SYSTEMS
12161 =item 3-D ANGLE CONVERSIONS
12163 cartesian_to_cylindrical, cartesian_to_spherical, cylindrical_to_cartesian,
12164 cylindrical_to_spherical, spherical_to_cartesian, spherical_to_cylindrical
12168 =item GREAT CIRCLE DISTANCES AND DIRECTIONS
12174 =item CAVEAT FOR GREAT CIRCLE FORMULAS
12184 =head2 NDBM_File - Tied access to ndbm files
12192 C<O_RDONLY>, C<O_WRONLY>, C<O_RDWR>
12198 =item C<ndbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...>
12202 =item BUGS AND WARNINGS
12206 =head2 NEXT - Provide a pseudo-class NEXT that allows method redispatch
12216 =item BUGS AND IRRITATIONS
12222 =head2 Net::Ping - check a remote host for reachability
12230 icmp, udp, tcp, stream, external
12236 Net::Ping->new([$proto [, $def_timeout [, $bytes]]]);, $p->ping($host [,
12237 $timeout]);, $p->open($host);, $p->close();, pingecho($host [, $timeout]);
12245 =head2 Net::hostent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gethost*()
12262 =head2 Net::netent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getnet*()
12279 =head2 Net::protoent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getproto*()
12294 =head2 Net::servent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getserv*()
12311 =head2 O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends
12321 =item IMPLEMENTATION
12327 =head2 ODBM_File - Tied access to odbm files
12335 C<O_RDONLY>, C<O_WRONLY>, C<O_RDWR>
12341 =item C<odbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...>
12345 =item BUGS AND WARNINGS
12349 =head2 Opcode - Disable named opcodes when compiling perl code
12361 =item Operator Names and Operator Lists
12363 an operator name (opname), an operator tag name (optag), a negated opname
12364 or optag, an operator set (opset)
12366 =item Opcode Functions
12368 opcodes, opset (OP, ...), opset_to_ops (OPSET), opset_to_hex (OPSET),
12369 full_opset, empty_opset, invert_opset (OPSET), verify_opset (OPSET, ...),
12370 define_optag (OPTAG, OPSET), opmask_add (OPSET), opmask, opdesc (OP, ...),
12373 =item Manipulating Opsets
12375 =item TO DO (maybe)
12381 =item Predefined Opcode Tags
12383 :base_core, :base_mem, :base_loop, :base_io, :base_orig, :base_math,
12384 :base_thread, :default, :filesys_read, :sys_db, :browse, :filesys_open,
12385 :filesys_write, :subprocess, :ownprocess, :others, :still_to_be_decided,
12394 =head2 Opcode::Safe, Safe - Compile and execute code in restricted
12403 a new namespace, an operator mask
12409 =item RECENT CHANGES
12411 =item Methods in class Safe
12413 permit (OP, ...), permit_only (OP, ...), deny (OP, ...), deny_only (OP,
12414 ...), trap (OP, ...), untrap (OP, ...), share (NAME, ...), share_from
12415 (PACKAGE, ARRAYREF), varglob (VARNAME), reval (STRING), rdo (FILENAME),
12416 root (NAMESPACE), mask (MASK)
12418 =item Some Safety Issues
12420 Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes
12428 =head2 Opcode::ops, ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when
12441 =head2 POSIX - Perl interface to IEEE Std 1003.1
12455 _exit, abort, abs, access, acos, alarm, asctime, asin, assert, atan, atan2,
12456 atexit, atof, atoi, atol, bsearch, calloc, ceil, chdir, chmod, chown,
12457 clearerr, clock, close, closedir, cos, cosh, creat, ctermid, ctime,
12458 cuserid, difftime, div, dup, dup2, errno, execl, execle, execlp, execv,
12459 execve, execvp, exit, exp, fabs, fclose, fcntl, fdopen, feof, ferror,
12460 fflush, fgetc, fgetpos, fgets, fileno, floor, fmod, fopen, fork, fpathconf,
12461 fprintf, fputc, fputs, fread, free, freopen, frexp, fscanf, fseek, fsetpos,
12462 fstat, ftell, fwrite, getc, getchar, getcwd, getegid, getenv, geteuid,
12463 getgid, getgrgid, getgrnam, getgroups, getlogin, getpgrp, getpid, getppid,
12464 getpwnam, getpwuid, gets, getuid, gmtime, isalnum, isalpha, isatty,
12465 iscntrl, isdigit, isgraph, islower, isprint, ispunct, isspace, isupper,
12466 isxdigit, kill, labs, ldexp, ldiv, link, localeconv, localtime, log, log10,
12467 longjmp, lseek, malloc, mblen, mbstowcs, mbtowc, memchr, memcmp, memcpy,
12468 memmove, memset, mkdir, mkfifo, mktime, modf, nice, offsetof, open,
12469 opendir, pathconf, pause, perror, pipe, pow, printf, putc, putchar, puts,
12470 qsort, raise, rand, read, readdir, realloc, remove, rename, rewind,
12471 rewinddir, rmdir, scanf, setgid, setjmp, setlocale, setpgid, setsid,
12472 setuid, sigaction, siglongjmp, sigpending, sigprocmask, sigsetjmp,
12473 sigsuspend, sin, sinh, sleep, sprintf, sqrt, srand, sscanf, stat, strcat,
12474 strchr, strcmp, strcoll, strcpy, strcspn, strerror, strftime, strlen,
12475 strncat, strncmp, strncpy, strpbrk, strrchr, strspn, strstr, strtod,
12476 strtok, strtol, strtoul, strxfrm, sysconf, system, tan, tanh, tcdrain,
12477 tcflow, tcflush, tcgetpgrp, tcsendbreak, tcsetpgrp, time, times, tmpfile,
12478 tmpnam, tolower, toupper, ttyname, tzname, tzset, umask, uname, ungetc,
12479 unlink, utime, vfprintf, vprintf, vsprintf, wait, waitpid, wcstombs,
12486 =item POSIX::SigAction
12490 =item POSIX::SigSet
12492 new, addset, delset, emptyset, fillset, ismember
12494 =item POSIX::Termios
12496 new, getattr, getcc, getcflag, getiflag, getispeed, getlflag, getoflag,
12497 getospeed, setattr, setcc, setcflag, setiflag, setispeed, setlflag,
12498 setoflag, setospeed, Baud rate values, Terminal interface values, c_cc
12499 field values, c_cflag field values, c_iflag field values, c_lflag field
12500 values, c_oflag field values
12504 =item PATHNAME CONSTANTS
12508 =item POSIX CONSTANTS
12512 =item SYSTEM CONFIGURATION
12570 =head2 PerlIO - On demand loader for PerlIO layers and root of PerlIO::*
12579 unix, stdio, perlio, crlf, utf8, raw
12583 =item Defaults and how to override them
12593 =head2 PerlIO::Scalar - support module for in-memory IO.
12603 =head2 PerlIO::Via - Helper class for PerlIO layers implemented in perl
12611 $class->PUSHED([$mode][,$fh]), $obj->POPPED([$fh]),
12612 $class->OPEN($path,$mode[,$fh]), $class->FDOPEN($fd),
12613 $class->SYSOPEN($path,$imode,$perm,$fh), $obj->FILENO($fh),
12614 $obj->READ($buffer,$len,$fh), $obj->WRITE($buffer,$fh), $obj->FILL($fh),
12615 $obj->CLOSE($fh), $obj->SEEK($posn,$whence,$fh), $obj->TELL($fh),
12616 $obj->UNREAD($buffer,$fh), $obj->FLUSH($fh), $obj->SETLINEBUF($fh),
12617 $obj->CLEARERR($fh), $obj->ERROR($fh), $obj->EOF($fh)
12621 =head2 Pod::Checker, podchecker() - check pod documents for syntax errors
12627 =item OPTIONS/ARGUMENTS
12633 B<-warnings> =E<gt> I<val>
12645 empty =headn, =over on line I<N> without closing =back, =item without
12646 previous =over, =back without previous =over, No argument for =begin, =end
12647 without =begin, Nested =begin's, =for without formatter specification,
12648 unresolved internal link I<NAME>, Unknown command "I<CMD>", Unknown
12649 interior-sequence "I<SEQ>", nested commands
12650 I<CMD>E<lt>...I<CMD>E<lt>...E<gt>...E<gt>, garbled entity I<STRING>, Entity
12651 number out of range, malformed link LE<lt>E<gt>, nonempty ZE<lt>E<gt>,
12652 empty XE<lt>E<gt>, Spurious text after =pod / =cut, Spurious character(s)
12657 multiple occurence of link target I<name>, line containing nothing but
12658 whitespace in paragraph, file does not start with =head, previous =item has
12659 no contents, preceding non-item paragraph(s), =item type mismatch (I<one>
12660 vs. I<two>), I<N> unescaped C<E<lt>E<gt>> in paragraph, Unknown entity, No
12661 items in =over, No argument for =item, empty section in previous paragraph,
12662 Verbatim paragraph in NAME section
12666 ignoring leading/trailing whitespace in link, (section) in '$page'
12667 deprecated, alternative text/node '%s' contains non-escaped | or /
12679 C<Pod::Checker-E<gt>new( %options )>
12681 C<$checker-E<gt>poderror( @args )>, C<$checker-E<gt>poderror( {%opts},
12684 C<$checker-E<gt>num_errors()>
12686 C<$checker-E<gt>name()>
12688 C<$checker-E<gt>node()>
12690 C<$checker-E<gt>idx()>
12692 C<$checker-E<gt>hyperlink()>
12700 =head2 Pod::Find - find POD documents in directory trees
12712 =item C<pod_find( { %opts } , @directories )>
12714 C<-verbose =E<gt> 1>, C<-perl =E<gt> 1>, C<-script =E<gt> 1>, C<-inc =E<gt>
12721 =item C<simplify_name( $str )>
12727 =item C<pod_where( { %opts }, $pod )>
12729 C<-inc =E<gt> 1>, C<-dirs =E<gt> [ $dir1, $dir2, ... ]>, C<-verbose =E<gt>
12736 =item C<contains_pod( $file , $verbose )>
12748 =head2 Pod::Html - module to convert pod files to HTML
12758 backlink, cachedir, css, flush, header, help, htmldir, htmlroot, index,
12759 infile, libpods, netscape, outfile, podpath, podroot, quiet, recurse,
12774 =head2 Pod::InputObjects - objects representing POD input paragraphs,
12787 package B<Pod::InputSource>, package B<Pod::Paragraph>, package
12788 B<Pod::InteriorSequence>, package B<Pod::ParseTree>
12794 =item B<Pod::InputSource>
12818 =item B<was_cutting()>
12824 =item B<Pod::Paragraph>
12830 =item Pod::Paragraph-E<gt>B<new()>
12836 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<cmd_name()>
12842 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<text()>
12848 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<raw_text()>
12854 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<cmd_prefix()>
12860 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<cmd_separator()>
12866 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<parse_tree()>
12872 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<file_line()>
12878 =item B<Pod::InteriorSequence>
12884 =item Pod::InteriorSequence-E<gt>B<new()>
12890 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<cmd_name()>
12896 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<prepend()>
12902 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<append()>
12908 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<nested()>
12914 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<raw_text()>
12920 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<left_delimiter()>
12926 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<right_delimiter()>
12932 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<parse_tree()>
12938 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<file_line()>
12944 =item Pod::InteriorSequence::B<DESTROY()>
12950 =item B<Pod::ParseTree>
12956 =item Pod::ParseTree-E<gt>B<new()>
12962 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<top()>
12968 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<children()>
12974 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<prepend()>
12980 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<append()>
12986 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<raw_text()>
12992 =item Pod::ParseTree::B<DESTROY()>
13004 =head2 Pod::LaTeX - Convert Pod data to formatted Latex
13016 =item OBJECT METHODS
13024 =item Data Accessors
13040 B<ReplaceNAMEwithSection>
13042 B<StartWithNewPage>
13056 =item Subclassed methods
13070 B<interior_sequence>
13086 =item Methods for headings
13094 =item Internal methods
13100 B<_replace_special_chars>
13106 B<_clean_latex_commands>
13122 =head2 Pod::Man - Convert POD data to formatted *roff input
13130 center, date, fixed, fixedbold, fixeditalic, fixedbolditalic, quotes,
13135 roff font should be 1 or 2 chars, not "%s", Invalid link %s, Invalid quote
13136 specification "%s", %s:%d: Unknown command paragraph "%s", Unknown escape
13137 EE<lt>%sE<gt>, Unknown sequence %s, %s: Unknown command paragraph "%s" on
13138 line %d, Unmatched =back
13148 =head2 Pod::ParseUtils - helpers for POD parsing and conversion
13162 Pod::List-E<gt>new()
13170 $list-E<gt>indent()
13178 $list-E<gt>parent()
13184 =item Pod::Hyperlink
13186 Pod::Hyperlink-E<gt>new()
13190 $link-E<gt>parse($string)
13192 $link-E<gt>markup($string)
13196 $link-E<gt>warning()
13198 $link-E<gt>file(), $link-E<gt>line()
13204 $link-E<gt>alttext()
13214 Pod::Cache-E<gt>new()
13220 $cache-E<gt>find_page($name)
13224 =item Pod::Cache::Item
13226 Pod::Cache::Item-E<gt>new()
13230 $cacheitem-E<gt>page()
13232 $cacheitem-E<gt>description()
13234 $cacheitem-E<gt>path()
13236 $cacheitem-E<gt>file()
13238 $cacheitem-E<gt>nodes()
13240 $cacheitem-E<gt>find_node($name)
13242 $cacheitem-E<gt>idx()
13252 =head2 Pod::Parser - base class for creating POD filters and translators
13264 =item QUICK OVERVIEW
13266 =item PARSING OPTIONS
13268 B<-want_nonPODs> (default: unset), B<-process_cut_cmd> (default: unset),
13269 B<-warnings> (default: unset)
13275 =item RECOMMENDED SUBROUTINE/METHOD OVERRIDES
13283 C<$cmd>, C<$text>, C<$line_num>, C<$pod_para>
13289 =item B<verbatim()>
13291 C<$text>, C<$line_num>, C<$pod_para>
13297 =item B<textblock()>
13299 C<$text>, C<$line_num>, C<$pod_para>
13305 =item B<interior_sequence()>
13311 =item OPTIONAL SUBROUTINE/METHOD OVERRIDES
13323 =item B<initialize()>
13329 =item B<begin_pod()>
13335 =item B<begin_input()>
13341 =item B<end_input()>
13353 =item B<preprocess_line()>
13359 =item B<preprocess_paragraph()>
13365 =item METHODS FOR PARSING AND PROCESSING
13371 =item B<parse_text()>
13373 B<-expand_seq> =E<gt> I<code-ref>|I<method-name>, B<-expand_text> =E<gt>
13374 I<code-ref>|I<method-name>, B<-expand_ptree> =E<gt>
13375 I<code-ref>|I<method-name>
13381 =item B<interpolate()>
13387 =item B<parse_paragraph()>
13393 =item B<parse_from_filehandle()>
13399 =item B<parse_from_file()>
13405 =item ACCESSOR METHODS
13411 =item B<errorsub()>
13423 =item B<parseopts()>
13429 =item B<output_file()>
13435 =item B<output_handle()>
13441 =item B<input_file()>
13447 =item B<input_handle()>
13453 =item B<input_streams()>
13459 =item B<top_stream()>
13465 =item PRIVATE METHODS AND DATA
13471 =item B<_push_input_stream()>
13477 =item B<_pop_input_stream()>
13483 =item TREE-BASED PARSING
13491 =head2 Pod::Plainer - Perl extension for converting Pod to old style Pod.
13511 =head2 Pod::Select, podselect() - extract selected sections of POD from
13524 =item SECTION SPECIFICATIONS
13526 =item RANGE SPECIFICATIONS
13532 =item OBJECT METHODS
13538 =item B<curr_headings()>
13550 =item B<add_selection()>
13556 =item B<clear_selections()>
13562 =item B<match_section()>
13568 =item B<is_selected()>
13574 =item EXPORTED FUNCTIONS
13580 =item B<podselect()>
13582 B<-output>, B<-sections>, B<-ranges>
13588 =item PRIVATE METHODS AND DATA
13594 =item B<_compile_section_spec()>
13600 =item $self->{_SECTION_HEADINGS}
13606 =item $self->{_SELECTED_SECTIONS}
13618 =head2 Pod::Text - Convert POD data to formatted ASCII text
13626 alt, indent, loose, quotes, sentence, width
13630 Bizarre space in item, Can't open %s for reading: %s, Invalid quote
13631 specification "%s", %s:%d: Unknown command paragraph "%s", Unknown escape:
13632 %s, Unknown sequence: %s, Unmatched =back
13644 =head2 Pod::Text::Color - Convert POD data to formatted color ASCII text
13660 =head2 Pod::Text::Overstrike - Convert POD data to formatted overstrike
13677 =head2 Pod::Text::Termcap, Pod::Text::Color - Convert POD data to ASCII
13678 text with format escapes
13692 =head2 Pod::Usage, pod2usage() - print a usage message from embedded pod
13701 C<-message>, C<-msg>, C<-exitval>, C<-verbose>, C<-output>, C<-input>,
13710 =item Recommended Use
13718 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
13722 =head2 SDBM_File - Tied access to sdbm files
13730 C<O_RDONLY>, C<O_WRONLY>, C<O_RDWR>
13736 =item C<sdbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...>
13740 =item BUGS AND WARNINGS
13744 =head2 Safe - Compile and execute code in restricted compartments
13752 a new namespace, an operator mask
13758 =item RECENT CHANGES
13760 =item Methods in class Safe
13762 permit (OP, ...), permit_only (OP, ...), deny (OP, ...), deny_only (OP,
13763 ...), trap (OP, ...), untrap (OP, ...), share (NAME, ...), share_from
13764 (PACKAGE, ARRAYREF), varglob (VARNAME), reval (STRING), rdo (FILENAME),
13765 root (NAMESPACE), mask (MASK)
13767 =item Some Safety Issues
13769 Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes
13777 =head2 Scalar::Util - A selection of general-utility scalar subroutines
13785 blessed EXPR, dualvar NUM, STRING, isweak EXPR, readonly SCALAR, reftype
13786 EXPR, tainted EXPR, weaken REF
13794 =head2 Search::Dict, look - search for key in dictionary file
13804 =head2 SelectSaver - save and restore selected file handle
13814 =head2 SelfLoader - load functions only on demand
13824 =item The __DATA__ token
13826 =item SelfLoader autoloading
13828 =item Autoloading and package lexicals
13830 =item SelfLoader and AutoLoader
13832 =item __DATA__, __END__, and the FOOBAR::DATA filehandle.
13834 =item Classes and inherited methods.
13838 =item Multiple packages and fully qualified subroutine names
13842 =head2 Shell - run shell commands transparently within perl
13852 =item OBJECT ORIENTED SYNTAX
13860 =head2 Socket, sockaddr_in, sockaddr_un, inet_aton, inet_ntoa - load the C
13861 socket.h defines and structure manipulators
13869 inet_aton HOSTNAME, inet_ntoa IP_ADDRESS, INADDR_ANY, INADDR_BROADCAST,
13870 INADDR_LOOPBACK, INADDR_NONE, sockaddr_in PORT, ADDRESS, sockaddr_in
13871 SOCKADDR_IN, pack_sockaddr_in PORT, IP_ADDRESS, unpack_sockaddr_in
13872 SOCKADDR_IN, sockaddr_un PATHNAME, sockaddr_un SOCKADDR_UN,
13873 pack_sockaddr_un PATH, unpack_sockaddr_un SOCKADDR_UN
13877 =head2 Storable - persistency for perl data structures
13887 =item ADVISORY LOCKING
13891 =item CANONICAL REPRESENTATION
13893 =item ERROR REPORTING
13901 C<STORABLE_freeze> I<obj>, I<cloning>, C<STORABLE_thaw> I<obj>, I<cloning>,
13906 C<Storable::last_op_in_netorder>, C<Storable::is_storing>,
13907 C<Storable::is_retrieving>
13931 =head2 Switch - A switch statement for Perl
13945 =item Allowing fall-through
13947 =item Automating fall-through
13949 =item Higher-order Operations
13963 =head2 Symbol - manipulate Perl symbols and their names
13973 =head2 Sys::Hostname - Try every conceivable way to get hostname
13985 =head2 Syslog, Sys::Syslog, openlog, closelog, setlogmask, syslog - Perl
13986 interface to the UNIX syslog(3) calls
13994 openlog $ident, $logopt, $facility, syslog $priority, $format, @args,
13995 setlogmask $mask_priority, setlogsock $sock_type (added in 5.004_02),
14006 =head2 Syslog::Syslog, Sys::Syslog, openlog, closelog, setlogmask, syslog -
14007 Perl interface to the UNIX syslog(3) calls
14015 openlog $ident, $logopt, $facility, syslog $priority, $format, @args,
14016 setlogmask $mask_priority, setlogsock $sock_type (added in 5.004_02),
14027 =head2 Term::ANSIColor - Color screen output using ANSI escape sequences
14037 Invalid attribute name %s, Name "%s" used only once: possible typo, No
14038 comma allowed after filehandle, Bareword "%s" not allowed while "strict
14049 =head2 Term::Cap - Perl termcap interface
14061 =head2 Term::Complete - Perl word completion module
14069 E<lt>tabE<gt>, ^D, ^U, E<lt>delE<gt>, E<lt>bsE<gt>
14079 =head2 Term::ReadLine - Perl interface to various C<readline> packages. If
14080 no real package is found, substitutes stubs instead of basic functions.
14088 =item Minimal set of supported functions
14090 C<ReadLine>, C<new>, C<readline>, C<addhistory>, C<IN>, $C<OUT>,
14091 C<MinLine>, C<findConsole>, Attribs, C<Features>
14093 =item Additional supported functions
14095 C<tkRunning>, C<ornaments>, C<newTTY>
14105 =head2 Test - provides a simple framework for writing test scripts
14131 NORMAL TESTS, SKIPPED TESTS, TODO TESTS
14135 =item BUGS and CAVEATS
14145 =head2 Test::Harness - run perl standard test scripts with statistics
14155 =item The test script output
14157 B<'1..M'>, B<'ok', 'not ok'. Ok?>, B<test numbers>,
14158 B<$Test::Harness::verbose>, B<$Test::Harness::switches>, B<Skipping tests>,
14159 B<Todo tests>, B<Bail out!>, B<Comments>, B<Anything else>
14163 B<Failed Test>, B<Stat>, B<Wstat>, B<Total>, B<Fail>, B<Failed>, B<List of
14186 C<All tests successful.\nFiles=%d, Tests=%d, %s>, C<FAILED tests
14187 %s\n\tFailed %d/%d tests, %.2f%% okay.>, C<Test returned status %d (wstat
14188 %d)>, C<Failed 1 test, %.2f%% okay. %s>, C<Failed %d/%d tests, %.2f%% okay.
14189 %s>, C<FAILED--Further testing stopped%s>
14193 C<HARNESS_IGNORE_EXITCODE>, C<HARNESS_NOTTY>, C<HARNESS_COMPILE_TEST>,
14194 C<HARNESS_FILELEAK_IN_DIR>, C<HARNESS_PERL_SWITCHES>, C<HARNESS_COLUMNS>,
14209 =head2 Text::Abbrev, abbrev - create an abbreviation table from a list
14221 =head2 Text::Balanced - Extract delimited text sequences from strings.
14231 =item General behaviour in list contexts
14235 =item General behaviour in scalar and void contexts
14237 =item A note about prefixes
14239 =item C<extract_delimited>
14241 =item C<extract_bracketed>
14243 =item C<extract_tagged>
14245 C<reject =E<gt> $listref>, C<ignore =E<gt> $listref>, C<fail =E<gt> $str>,
14246 [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5]
14248 =item C<gen_extract_tagged>
14250 =item C<extract_quotelike>
14252 [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [10]
14254 =item C<extract_quotelike> and "here documents"
14256 [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7..10]
14258 =item C<extract_codeblock>
14260 =item C<extract_multiple>
14262 =item C<gen_delimited_pat>
14268 C<Did not find a suitable bracket: "%s">, C<Did not find prefix: /%s/>,
14269 C<Did not find opening bracket after prefix: "%s">, C<No quotelike
14270 operator found after prefix: "%s">, C<Unmatched closing bracket: "%c">,
14271 C<Unmatched opening bracket(s): "%s">, C<Unmatched embedded quote (%s)>,
14272 C<Did not find closing delimiter to match '%s'>, C<Mismatched closing
14273 bracket: expected "%c" but found "%s">, C<No block delimiter found after
14274 quotelike "%s">, C<Did not find leading dereferencer>, C<Bad identifier
14275 after dereferencer>, C<Did not find expected opening bracket at %s>,
14276 C<Improperly nested codeblock at %s>, C<Missing second block for quotelike
14277 "%s">, C<No match found for opening bracket>, C<Did not find opening tag:
14278 /%s/>, C<Unable to construct closing tag to match: /%s/>, C<Found invalid
14279 nested tag: %s>, C<Found unbalanced nested tag: %s>, C<Did not find closing
14284 =item BUGS AND IRRITATIONS
14290 =head2 Text::ParseWords - parse text into an array of tokens or array of
14305 =head2 Text::Soundex - Implementation of the Soundex Algorithm as Described
14322 =head2 Text::Tabs -- expand and unexpand tabs per the unix expand(1) and
14337 =head2 Text::Wrap - line wrapping to form simple paragraphs
14351 =head2 Thread - manipulate threads in Perl (EXPERIMENTAL, subject to
14364 new \&start_sub, new \&start_sub, LIST, lock VARIABLE, async BLOCK;,
14365 Thread->self, Thread->list, cond_wait VARIABLE, cond_signal VARIABLE,
14366 cond_broadcast VARIABLE, yield
14370 join, eval, detach, equal, tid, flags, done
14378 =head2 Thread::Queue - thread-safe queues
14386 =item FUNCTIONS AND METHODS
14388 new, enqueue LIST, dequeue, dequeue_nb, pending
14394 =head2 Thread::Semaphore - thread-safe semaphores
14402 =item FUNCTIONS AND METHODS
14404 new, new NUMBER, down, down NUMBER, up, up NUMBER
14408 =head2 Thread::Signal - Start a thread which runs signal handlers reliably
14420 =head2 Thread::Specific - thread-specific keys
14430 =head2 Tie::Array - base class for tied arrays
14438 TIEARRAY classname, LIST, STORE this, index, value, FETCH this, index,
14439 FETCHSIZE this, STORESIZE this, count, EXTEND this, count, EXISTS this,
14440 key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, DESTROY this, PUSH this, LIST, POP this,
14441 SHIFT this, UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST
14449 =head2 Tie::Handle, Tie::StdHandle - base class definitions for tied
14458 TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, WRITE this, scalar, length, offset, PRINT this,
14459 LIST, PRINTF this, format, LIST, READ this, scalar, length, offset,
14460 READLINE this, GETC this, CLOSE this, OPEN this, filename, BINMODE this,
14461 EOF this, TELL this, SEEK this, offset, whence, DESTROY this
14463 =item MORE INFORMATION
14465 =item COMPATIBILITY
14469 =head2 Tie::Hash, Tie::StdHash - base class definitions for tied hashes
14477 TIEHASH classname, LIST, STORE this, key, value, FETCH this, key, FIRSTKEY
14478 this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, EXISTS this, key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this
14482 =item MORE INFORMATION
14486 =head2 Tie::RefHash - use references as hash keys
14504 =head2 Tie::Scalar, Tie::StdScalar - base class definitions for tied
14513 TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, DESTROY this
14515 =item MORE INFORMATION
14519 =head2 Tie::SubstrHash - Fixed-table-size, fixed-key-length hashing
14531 =head2 Time::HiRes - High resolution ualarm, usleep, and gettimeofday
14539 gettimeofday (), usleep ( $useconds ), ualarm ( $useconds [,
14540 $interval_useconds ] ), tv_interval, time (), sleep ( $floating_seconds ),
14541 alarm ( $floating_seconds [, $interval_floating_seconds ] ), setitimer,
14542 getitimer ( $which )
14558 =head2 Time::Local - efficiently compute time from local and GMT time
14566 =item IMPLEMENTATION
14572 =head2 Time::Piece - Object Oriented time objects
14584 =item Local Locales
14586 =item Date Calculations
14588 =item Date Comparisons
14590 =item YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ss
14594 =item strftime method
14596 %%, %a, %A, %b, %B, %c, %C, %d, %D, %e, %h, %H, %I, %j, %m, %M, %n, %p, %r,
14597 %R, %S, %t, %T, %u, %U, %V, %w, %W, %x, %y, %Y, %Z
14599 =item strptime function
14601 =item Global Overriding
14619 =head2 Time::Piece::Seconds, Time::Seconds - a simple API to convert
14620 seconds to other date values
14638 =head2 Time::Seconds - a simple API to convert seconds to other date values
14656 =head2 Time::gmtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gmtime()
14671 =head2 Time::localtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in localtime()
14686 =head2 Time::tm - internal object used by Time::gmtime and Time::localtime
14698 =head2 UNIVERSAL - base class for ALL classes (blessed references)
14706 isa ( TYPE ), can ( METHOD ), VERSION ( [ REQUIRE ] ), UNIVERSAL::isa (
14707 VAL, TYPE ), UNIVERSAL::can ( VAL, METHOD )
14711 =head2 User::grent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getgr*()
14726 =head2 User::pwent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getpw*()
14737 =item System Specifics
14751 =head2 Win32 - Interfaces to some Win32 API Functions
14759 =item Alphabetical Listing of Win32 Functions
14761 Win32::AbortSystemShutdown(MACHINE), Win32::BuildNumber(),
14762 Win32::CopyFile(FROM, TO, OVERWRITE), Win32::DomainName(),
14763 Win32::ExpandEnvironmentStrings(STRING), Win32::FormatMessage(ERRORCODE),
14764 Win32::FsType(), Win32::FreeLibrary(HANDLE), Win32::GetArchName(),
14765 Win32::GetChipName(), Win32::GetCwd(), Win32::GetFullPathName(FILENAME),
14766 Win32::GetLastError(), Win32::GetLongPathName(PATHNAME),
14767 Win32::GetNextAvailDrive(), Win32::GetOSVersion(),
14768 Win32::GetShortPathName(PATHNAME), Win32::GetProcAddress(INSTANCE,
14769 PROCNAME), Win32::GetTickCount(), Win32::InitiateSystemShutdown,
14770 Win32::IsWinNT(), Win32::IsWin95(), Win32::LoadLibrary(LIBNAME),
14771 Win32::LoginName(), Win32::LookupAccountName(SYSTEM, ACCOUNT, DOMAIN, SID,
14772 SIDTYPE), Win32::LookupAccountSID(SYSTEM, SID, ACCOUNT, DOMAIN, SIDTYPE),
14773 Win32::MsgBox(MESSAGE [, FLAGS [, TITLE]]), Win32::NodeName(),
14774 Win32::RegisterServer(LIBRARYNAME), Win32::SetCwd(NEWDIRECTORY),
14775 Win32::SetLastError(ERROR), Win32::Sleep(TIME), Win32::Spawn(COMMAND, ARGS,
14776 PID), Win32::UnregisterServer(LIBRARYNAME)
14782 =head2 XS::Typemap - module to test the XS typemaps distributed with perl
14800 =head2 XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code
14812 =head1 AUXILIARY DOCUMENTATION
14814 Here should be listed all the extra programs' documentation, but they
14815 don't all have manual pages yet:
14841 Larry Wall <F<larry@wall.org>>, with the help of oodles