4 perltoc - perl documentation table of contents
8 This page provides a brief table of contents for the rest of the Perl
9 documentation set. It is meant to be scanned quickly or grepped
10 through to locate the proper section you're looking for.
12 =head1 BASIC DOCUMENTATION
14 =head2 perl - Practical Extraction and Report Language
40 =head2 perlfaq - frequently asked questions about Perl ($Date: 1999/05/23
49 =item perlfaq: Structural overview of the FAQ.
51 =item L<perlfaq1>: General Questions About Perl
53 =item L<perlfaq2>: Obtaining and Learning about Perl
55 =item L<perlfaq3>: Programming Tools
57 =item L<perlfaq4>: Data Manipulation
59 =item L<perlfaq5>: Files and Formats
61 =item L<perlfaq6>: Regexps
63 =item L<perlfaq7>: General Perl Language Issues
65 =item L<perlfaq8>: System Interaction
67 =item L<perlfaq9>: Networking
71 =item About the perlfaq documents
75 =item Where to get the perlfaq
77 =item How to contribute to the perlfaq
79 =item What will happen if you mail your Perl programming problems to the
86 =item Author and Copyright Information
90 =item Bundled Distributions
98 1/November/2000, 23/May/99, 13/April/99, 7/January/99, 22/June/98,
99 24/April/97, 23/April/97, 25/March/97, 18/March/97, 17/March/97 Version,
100 Initial Release: 11/March/97
104 =head2 perlbook - Perl book information
112 =head2 perlsyn - Perl syntax
122 =item Simple statements
124 =item Compound statements
132 =item Basic BLOCKs and Switch Statements
136 =item PODs: Embedded Documentation
138 =item Plain Old Comments (Not!)
144 =head2 perldata - Perl data types
158 =item Scalar value constructors
160 =item List value constructors
164 =item Typeglobs and Filehandles
172 =head2 perlop - Perl operators and precedence
182 =item Terms and List Operators (Leftward)
184 =item The Arrow Operator
186 =item Auto-increment and Auto-decrement
190 =item Symbolic Unary Operators
192 =item Binding Operators
194 =item Multiplicative Operators
196 =item Additive Operators
198 =item Shift Operators
200 =item Named Unary Operators
202 =item Relational Operators
204 =item Equality Operators
208 =item Bitwise Or and Exclusive Or
210 =item C-style Logical And
212 =item C-style Logical Or
214 =item Range Operators
216 =item Conditional Operator
218 =item Assignment Operators
222 =item List Operators (Rightward)
228 =item Logical or and Exclusive Or
230 =item C Operators Missing From Perl
232 unary &, unary *, (TYPE)
234 =item Quote and Quote-like Operators
236 =item Regexp Quote-Like Operators
238 ?PATTERN?, m/PATTERN/cgimosx, /PATTERN/cgimosx, q/STRING/, C<'STRING'>,
239 qq/STRING/, "STRING", qr/STRING/imosx, qx/STRING/, `STRING`, qw/STRING/,
240 s/PATTERN/REPLACEMENT/egimosx, tr/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds,
241 y/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds
243 =item Gory details of parsing quoted constructs
245 Finding the end, Removal of backslashes before delimiters, Interpolation,
246 C<<<'EOF'>, C<m''>, C<s'''>, C<tr///>, C<y///>, C<''>, C<q//>, C<"">,
247 C<``>, C<qq//>, C<qx//>, C<< <file*glob> >>, C<?RE?>, C</RE/>, C<m/RE/>,
248 C<s/RE/foo/>,, Interpolation of regular expressions, Optimization of
253 =item Constant Folding
255 =item Bitwise String Operators
257 =item Integer Arithmetic
259 =item Floating-point Arithmetic
267 =head2 perlsub - Perl subroutines
277 =item Private Variables via my()
279 =item Persistent Private Variables
281 =item Temporary Values via local()
283 =item Lvalue subroutines
285 =item Passing Symbol Table Entries (typeglobs)
287 =item When to Still Use local()
289 =item Pass by Reference
293 =item Constant Functions
295 =item Overriding Built-in Functions
299 =item Subroutine Attributes
307 =head2 perlfunc - Perl builtin functions
315 =item Perl Functions by Category
317 Functions for SCALARs or strings, Regular expressions and pattern matching,
318 Numeric functions, Functions for real @ARRAYs, Functions for list data,
319 Functions for real %HASHes, Input and output functions, Functions for fixed
320 length data or records, Functions for filehandles, files, or directories,
321 Keywords related to the control flow of your perl program, Keywords related
322 to scoping, Miscellaneous functions, Functions for processes and process
323 groups, Keywords related to perl modules, Keywords related to classes and
324 object-orientedness, Low-level socket functions, System V interprocess
325 communication functions, Fetching user and group info, Fetching network
326 info, Time-related functions, Functions new in perl5, Functions obsoleted
331 =item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions
333 I<-X> FILEHANDLE, I<-X> EXPR, I<-X>, abs VALUE, abs, accept
334 NEWSOCKET,GENERICSOCKET, alarm SECONDS, alarm, atan2 Y,X, bind SOCKET,NAME,
335 binmode FILEHANDLE, DISCIPLINE, binmode FILEHANDLE, bless REF,CLASSNAME,
336 bless REF, caller EXPR, caller, chdir EXPR, chmod LIST, chomp VARIABLE,
337 chomp LIST, chomp, chop VARIABLE, chop LIST, chop, chown LIST, chr NUMBER,
338 chr, chroot FILENAME, chroot, close FILEHANDLE, close, closedir DIRHANDLE,
339 connect SOCKET,NAME, continue BLOCK, cos EXPR, cos, crypt PLAINTEXT,SALT,
340 dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MASK, defined EXPR, defined, delete
341 EXPR, die LIST, do BLOCK, do SUBROUTINE(LIST), do EXPR, dump LABEL, dump,
342 each HASH, eof FILEHANDLE, eof (), eof, eval EXPR, eval BLOCK, exec LIST,
343 exec PROGRAM LIST, exists EXPR, exit EXPR, exp EXPR, exp, fcntl
344 FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, fileno FILEHANDLE, flock FILEHANDLE,OPERATION,
345 fork, format, formline PICTURE,LIST, getc FILEHANDLE, getc, getlogin,
346 getpeername SOCKET, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority WHICH,WHO, getpwnam
347 NAME, getgrnam NAME, gethostbyname NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getprotobyname
348 NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getservbyname NAME,PROTO, gethostbyaddr
349 ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER,
350 getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent, gethostent, getnetent,
351 getprotoent, getservent, setpwent, setgrent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent
352 STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent,
353 endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent, endservent, getsockname SOCKET,
354 getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, glob, gmtime EXPR, goto LABEL,
355 goto EXPR, goto &NAME, grep BLOCK LIST, grep EXPR,LIST, hex EXPR, hex,
356 import, index STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, index STR,SUBSTR, int EXPR, int, ioctl
357 FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, join EXPR,LIST, keys HASH, kill SIGNAL, LIST,
358 last LABEL, last, lc EXPR, lc, lcfirst EXPR, lcfirst, length EXPR, length,
359 link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, listen SOCKET,QUEUESIZE, local EXPR, localtime EXPR,
360 lock, log EXPR, log, lstat EXPR, lstat, m//, map BLOCK LIST, map EXPR,LIST,
361 mkdir FILENAME,MASK, mkdir FILENAME, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget KEY,FLAGS,
362 msgrcv ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS, my EXPR, my EXPR :
363 ATTRIBUTES, next LABEL, next, no Module LIST, oct EXPR, oct, open
364 FILEHANDLE,MODE,LIST, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE, opendir
365 DIRHANDLE,EXPR, ord EXPR, ord, our EXPR, pack TEMPLATE,LIST, package
366 NAMESPACE, package, pipe READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, pop ARRAY, pop, pos
367 SCALAR, pos, print FILEHANDLE LIST, print LIST, print, printf FILEHANDLE
368 FORMAT, LIST, printf FORMAT, LIST, prototype FUNCTION, push ARRAY,LIST,
369 q/STRING/, qq/STRING/, qr/STRING/, qx/STRING/, qw/STRING/, quotemeta EXPR,
370 quotemeta, rand EXPR, rand, read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, read
371 FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, readdir DIRHANDLE, readline EXPR, readlink EXPR,
372 readlink, readpipe EXPR, recv SOCKET,SCALAR,LENGTH,FLAGS, redo LABEL, redo,
373 ref EXPR, ref, rename OLDNAME,NEWNAME, require VERSION, require EXPR,
374 require, reset EXPR, reset, return EXPR, return, reverse LIST, rewinddir
375 DIRHANDLE, rindex STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, rindex STR,SUBSTR, rmdir FILENAME,
376 rmdir, s///, scalar EXPR, seek FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, seekdir
377 DIRHANDLE,POS, select FILEHANDLE, select, select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT,
378 semctl ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, send
379 SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS,TO, send SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS, setpgrp PID,PGRP, setpriority
380 WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shift ARRAY,
381 shift, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS, shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE,
382 shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, shutdown SOCKET,HOW, sin EXPR, sin, sleep
383 EXPR, sleep, socket SOCKET,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, socketpair
384 SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, sort SUBNAME LIST, sort BLOCK LIST,
385 sort LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,
386 splice ARRAY,OFFSET, splice ARRAY, split /PATTERN/,EXPR,LIMIT, split
387 /PATTERN/,EXPR, split /PATTERN/, split, sprintf FORMAT, LIST, sqrt EXPR,
388 sqrt, srand EXPR, srand, stat FILEHANDLE, stat EXPR, stat, study SCALAR,
389 study, sub BLOCK, sub NAME, sub NAME BLOCK, substr
390 EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH,REPLACEMENT, substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH, substr
391 EXPR,OFFSET, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen
392 FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE, sysopen FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, sysread
393 FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, sysread FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, sysseek
394 FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, system LIST, system PROGRAM LIST, syswrite
395 FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,
396 syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR, tell FILEHANDLE, tell, telldir DIRHANDLE, tie
397 VARIABLE,CLASSNAME,LIST, tied VARIABLE, time, times, tr///, truncate
398 FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, uc EXPR, uc, ucfirst EXPR,
399 ucfirst, umask EXPR, umask, undef EXPR, undef, unlink LIST, unlink, unpack
400 TEMPLATE,EXPR, untie VARIABLE, unshift ARRAY,LIST, use Module VERSION LIST,
401 use Module VERSION, use Module LIST, use Module, use VERSION, utime LIST,
402 values HASH, vec EXPR,OFFSET,BITS, wait, waitpid PID,FLAGS, wantarray, warn
403 LIST, write FILEHANDLE, write EXPR, write, y///
409 =head2 perlreftut - Mark's very short tutorial about references
415 =item Who Needs Complicated Data Structures?
423 =item Making References
425 =item Using References
443 =item Distribution Conditions
449 =head2 perldsc - Perl Data Structures Cookbook
455 arrays of arrays, hashes of arrays, arrays of hashes, hashes of hashes,
456 more elaborate constructs
460 =item COMMON MISTAKES
462 =item CAVEAT ON PRECEDENCE
464 =item WHY YOU SHOULD ALWAYS C<use strict>
470 =item ARRAYS OF ARRAYS
474 =item Declaration of a ARRAY OF ARRAYS
476 =item Generation of a ARRAY OF ARRAYS
478 =item Access and Printing of a ARRAY OF ARRAYS
482 =item HASHES OF ARRAYS
486 =item Declaration of a HASH OF ARRAYS
488 =item Generation of a HASH OF ARRAYS
490 =item Access and Printing of a HASH OF ARRAYS
494 =item ARRAYS OF HASHES
498 =item Declaration of a ARRAY OF HASHES
500 =item Generation of a ARRAY OF HASHES
502 =item Access and Printing of a ARRAY OF HASHES
506 =item HASHES OF HASHES
510 =item Declaration of a HASH OF HASHES
512 =item Generation of a HASH OF HASHES
514 =item Access and Printing of a HASH OF HASHES
518 =item MORE ELABORATE RECORDS
522 =item Declaration of MORE ELABORATE RECORDS
524 =item Declaration of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS
526 =item Generation of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS
538 =head2 perlrequick - Perl regular expressions quick start
548 =item Simple word matching
550 =item Using character classes
552 =item Matching this or that
554 =item Grouping things and hierarchical matching
556 =item Extracting matches
558 =item Matching repetitions
562 =item Search and replace
564 =item The split operator
572 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
576 =item Acknowledgments
582 =head2 perlpod - plain old documentation
590 =item Verbatim Paragraph
592 =item Command Paragraph
594 =item Ordinary Block of Text
598 =item Embedding Pods in Perl Modules
600 =item Common Pod Pitfalls
610 =head2 perlstyle - Perl style guide
618 =head2 perltrap - Perl traps for the unwary
636 =item Perl4 to Perl5 Traps
638 Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps, Parsing Traps, Numerical
639 Traps, General data type traps, Context Traps - scalar, list contexts,
640 Precedence Traps, General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc,
641 Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps, OS Traps, DBM Traps, Unclassified Traps
643 =item Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps
645 Discontinuance, Deprecation, BugFix, Discontinuance, Discontinuance,
646 Discontinuance, BugFix, Discontinuance, Discontinuance, BugFix,
647 Discontinuance, Deprecation, Discontinuance, Discontinuance
651 Parsing, Parsing, Parsing, Parsing
653 =item Numerical Traps
655 Numerical, Numerical, Numerical, Bitwise string ops
657 =item General data type traps
659 (Arrays), (Arrays), (Hashes), (Globs), (Globs), (Scalar String),
660 (Constants), (Scalars), (Variable Suicide)
662 =item Context Traps - scalar, list contexts
664 (list context), (scalar context), (scalar context), (list, builtin)
666 =item Precedence Traps
668 Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence,
671 =item General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc.
673 Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular
674 Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression,
677 =item Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps
679 (Signals), (Sort Subroutine), warn() won't let you specify a filehandle
685 =item Interpolation Traps
687 Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation,
688 Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation
694 =item Unclassified Traps
696 C<require>/C<do> trap using returned value, C<split> on empty string with
703 =head2 perlrun - how to execute the Perl interpreter
713 =item #! and quoting on non-Unix systems
715 OS/2, MS-DOS, Win95/NT, Macintosh, VMS
717 =item Location of Perl
719 =item Command Switches
721 B<-0>[I<digits>], B<-a>, B<-C>, B<-c>, B<-d>, B<-d:>I<foo[=bar,baz]>,
722 B<-D>I<letters>, B<-D>I<number>, B<-e> I<commandline>, B<-F>I<pattern>,
723 B<-h>, B<-i>[I<extension>], B<-I>I<directory>, B<-l>[I<octnum>],
724 B<-m>[B<->]I<module>, B<-M>[B<->]I<module>, B<-M>[B<->]I<'module ...'>,
725 B<-[mM]>[B<->]I<module=arg[,arg]...>, B<-n>, B<-p>, B<-P>, B<-s>, B<-S>,
726 B<-T>, B<-u>, B<-U>, B<-v>, B<-V>, B<-V:>I<name>, B<-w>, B<-W>, B<-X>,
733 HOME, LOGDIR, PATH, PERL5LIB, PERL5OPT, PERLLIB, PERL5DB, PERL5SHELL
734 (specific to the Win32 port), PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS, PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL,
735 PERL_ROOT (specific to the VMS port), SYS$LOGIN (specific to the VMS port)
739 =head2 perldiag - various Perl diagnostics
747 =head2 perllexwarn - Perl Lexical Warnings
755 =item Default Warnings and Optional Warnings
757 =item What's wrong with B<-w> and C<$^W>
759 =item Controlling Warnings from the Command Line
763 =item Backward Compatibility
765 =item Category Hierarchy
769 =item Reporting Warnings from a Module
781 =head2 perldebtut - Perl debugging tutorial
789 =item Looking at data and -w and w
793 =item Stepping through code
795 =item Placeholder for a, w, t, T
797 =item REGULAR EXPRESSIONS
815 =head2 perldebug - Perl debugging
821 =item The Perl Debugger
825 =item Debugger Commands
827 h [command], p expr, x expr, V [pkg [vars]], X [vars], T, s [expr], n
828 [expr], r, <CR>, c [line|sub], l, l min+incr, l min-max, l line, l subname,
829 -, w [line], f filename, /pattern/, ?pattern?, L, S [[!]regex], t, t expr,
830 b [line] [condition], b subname [condition], b postpone subname
831 [condition], b load filename, b compile subname, d [line], D, a [line]
832 command, a [line], A, W expr, W, O booloption .., O anyoption? .., O
833 option=value .., < ?, < [ command ], << command, > ?, > command, >>
834 command, { ?, { [ command ], {{ command, ! number, ! -number, ! pattern, !!
835 cmd, H -number, q or ^D, R, |dbcmd, ||dbcmd, command, m expr, man [manpage]
837 =item Configurable Options
839 C<recallCommand>, C<ShellBang>, C<pager>, C<tkRunning>, C<signalLevel>,
840 C<warnLevel>, C<dieLevel>, C<AutoTrace>, C<LineInfo>, C<inhibit_exit>,
841 C<PrintRet>, C<ornaments>, C<frame>, C<maxTraceLen>, C<arrayDepth>,
842 C<hashDepth>, C<compactDump>, C<veryCompact>, C<globPrint>, C<DumpDBFiles>,
843 C<DumpPackages>, C<DumpReused>, C<quote>, C<HighBit>, C<undefPrint>,
844 C<UsageOnly>, C<TTY>, C<noTTY>, C<ReadLine>, C<NonStop>
846 =item Debugger input/output
848 Prompt, Multiline commands, Stack backtrace, Line Listing Format, Frame
851 =item Debugging compile-time statements
853 =item Debugger Customization
855 =item Readline Support
857 =item Editor Support for Debugging
859 =item The Perl Profiler
863 =item Debugging regular expressions
865 =item Debugging memory usage
873 =head2 perlvar - Perl predefined variables
881 =item Predefined Names
883 $ARG, $_, $<I<digits>>, $MATCH, $&, $PREMATCH, $`, $POSTMATCH, $',
884 $LAST_PAREN_MATCH, $+, @LAST_MATCH_END, @+, $MULTILINE_MATCHING, $*,
885 input_line_number HANDLE EXPR, $INPUT_LINE_NUMBER, $NR, $,
886 input_record_separator HANDLE EXPR, $INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $RS, $/,
887 autoflush HANDLE EXPR, $OUTPUT_AUTOFLUSH, $|, output_field_separator HANDLE
888 EXPR, $OUTPUT_FIELD_SEPARATOR, $OFS, $,, output_record_separator HANDLE
889 EXPR, $OUTPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $ORS, $\, $LIST_SEPARATOR, $",
890 $SUBSCRIPT_SEPARATOR, $SUBSEP, $;, $OFMT, $#, format_page_number HANDLE
891 EXPR, $FORMAT_PAGE_NUMBER, $%, format_lines_per_page HANDLE EXPR,
892 $FORMAT_LINES_PER_PAGE, $=, format_lines_left HANDLE EXPR,
893 $FORMAT_LINES_LEFT, $-, @LAST_MATCH_START, @-, C<$`> is the same as
894 C<substr($var, 0, $-[0])>, C<$&> is the same as C<substr($var, $-[0], $+[0]
895 - $-[0])>, C<$'> is the same as C<substr($var, $+[0])>, C<$1> is the same
896 as C<substr($var, $-[1], $+[1] - $-[1])>, C<$2> is the same as
897 C<substr($var, $-[2], $+[2] - $-[2])>, C<$3> is the same as C<substr $var,
898 $-[3], $+[3] - $-[3])>, format_name HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_NAME, $~,
899 format_top_name HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_TOP_NAME, $^,
900 format_line_break_characters HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_LINE_BREAK_CHARACTERS,
901 $:, format_formfeed HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_FORMFEED, $^L, $ACCUMULATOR, $^A,
902 $CHILD_ERROR, $?, $OS_ERROR, $ERRNO, $!, $EXTENDED_OS_ERROR, $^E,
903 $EVAL_ERROR, $@, $PROCESS_ID, $PID, $$, $REAL_USER_ID, $UID, $<,
904 $EFFECTIVE_USER_ID, $EUID, $>, $REAL_GROUP_ID, $GID, $(,
905 $EFFECTIVE_GROUP_ID, $EGID, $), $PROGRAM_NAME, $0, $[, $], $COMPILING, $^C,
906 $DEBUGGING, $^D, $SYSTEM_FD_MAX, $^F, $^H, %^H, $INPLACE_EDIT, $^I, $^M,
907 $OSNAME, $^O, $PERLDB, $^P, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80,
908 0x100, 0x200, $LAST_REGEXP_CODE_RESULT, $^R, $EXCEPTIONS_BEING_CAUGHT, $^S,
909 $BASETIME, $^T, $PERL_VERSION, $^V, $WARNING, $^W, ${^WARNING_BITS},
910 ${^WIDE_SYSTEM_CALLS}, $EXECUTABLE_NAME, $^X, $ARGV, @ARGV, @INC, @_, %INC,
911 %ENV, $ENV{expr}, %SIG, $SIG{expr}
913 =item Error Indicators
915 =item Technical Note on the Syntax of Variable Names
923 =head2 perllol - Manipulating Arrays of Arrays in Perl
929 =item Declaration and Access of Arrays of Arrays
931 =item Growing Your Own
933 =item Access and Printing
943 =head2 perlopentut - tutorial on opening things in Perl
949 =item Open E<agrave> la shell
959 =item Mixing Reads and Writes
965 =item Open E<agrave> la C
969 =item Permissions E<agrave> la mode
973 =item Obscure Open Tricks
977 =item Re-Opening Files (dups)
979 =item Dispelling the Dweomer
983 =item Single Argument Open
985 =item Playing with STDIN and STDOUT
989 =item Other I/O Issues
993 =item Opening Non-File Files
1003 =item AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT
1009 =head2 perlretut - Perl regular expressions tutorial
1015 =item Part 1: The basics
1019 =item Simple word matching
1021 =item Using character classes
1023 =item Matching this or that
1025 =item Grouping things and hierarchical matching
1027 =item Extracting matches
1029 =item Matching repetitions
1031 =item Building a regexp
1033 =item Using regular expressions in Perl
1037 =item Part 2: Power tools
1041 =item More on characters, strings, and character classes
1043 =item Compiling and saving regular expressions
1045 =item Embedding comments and modifiers in a regular expression
1047 =item Non-capturing groupings
1049 =item Looking ahead and looking behind
1051 =item Using independent subexpressions to prevent backtracking
1053 =item Conditional expressions
1055 =item A bit of magic: executing Perl code in a regular expression
1057 =item Pragmas and debugging
1065 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1069 =item Acknowledgments
1075 =head2 perlre - Perl regular expressions
1085 =item Regular Expressions
1087 cntrl, graph, print, punct, xdigit
1089 =item Extended Patterns
1091 C<(?#text)>, C<(?imsx-imsx)>, C<(?:pattern)>, C<(?imsx-imsx:pattern)>,
1092 C<(?=pattern)>, C<(?!pattern)>, C<(?<=pattern)>, C<(?<!pattern)>, C<(?{
1093 code })>, C<(??{ code })>, C<< (?>pattern) >>,
1094 C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)>, C<(?(condition)yes-pattern)>
1098 =item Version 8 Regular Expressions
1100 =item Warning on \1 vs $1
1102 =item Repeated patterns matching zero-length substring
1104 =item Combining pieces together
1106 C<ST>, C<S|T>, C<S{REPEAT_COUNT}>, C<S{min,max}>, C<S{min,max}?>, C<S?>,
1107 C<S*>, C<S+>, C<S??>, C<S*?>, C<S+?>, C<< (?>S) >>, C<(?=S)>, C<(?<=S)>,
1108 C<(?!S)>, C<(?<!S)>, C<(??{ EXPR })>,
1109 C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)>
1111 =item Creating custom RE engines
1121 =head2 perlref - Perl references and nested data structures
1131 =item Making References
1133 =item Using References
1135 =item Symbolic references
1137 =item Not-so-symbolic references
1139 =item Pseudo-hashes: Using an array as a hash
1141 =item Function Templates
1151 =head2 perlform - Perl formats
1159 =item Format Variables
1169 =item Accessing Formatting Internals
1177 =head2 perlboot - Beginner's Object-Oriented Tutorial
1185 =item If we could talk to the animals...
1187 =item Introducing the method invocation arrow
1189 =item Invoking a barnyard
1191 =item The extra parameter of method invocation
1193 =item Calling a second method to simplify things
1195 =item Inheriting the windpipes
1197 =item A few notes about @ISA
1199 =item Overriding the methods
1201 =item Starting the search from a different place
1203 =item The SUPER way of doing things
1205 =item Where we're at so far...
1207 =item A horse is a horse, of course of course -- or is it?
1209 =item Invoking an instance method
1211 =item Accessing the instance data
1213 =item How to build a horse
1215 =item Inheriting the constructor
1217 =item Making a method work with either classes or instances
1219 =item Adding parameters to a method
1221 =item More interesting instances
1223 =item A horse of a different color
1235 =head2 perltoot - Tom's object-oriented tutorial for perl
1241 =item Creating a Class
1245 =item Object Representation
1247 =item Class Interface
1249 =item Constructors and Instance Methods
1251 =item Planning for the Future: Better Constructors
1255 =item Other Object Methods
1263 =item Accessing Class Data
1265 =item Debugging Methods
1267 =item Class Destructors
1269 =item Documenting the Interface
1279 =item Overridden Methods
1281 =item Multiple Inheritance
1283 =item UNIVERSAL: The Root of All Objects
1287 =item Alternate Object Representations
1291 =item Arrays as Objects
1293 =item Closures as Objects
1297 =item AUTOLOAD: Proxy Methods
1301 =item Autoloaded Data Methods
1303 =item Inherited Autoloaded Data Methods
1307 =item Metaclassical Tools
1313 =item Data Members as Variables
1321 =item Object Terminology
1327 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1333 =item Acknowledgments
1339 =head2 perltootc - Tom's OO Tutorial for Class Data in Perl
1345 =item Class Data as Package Variables
1349 =item Putting All Your Eggs in One Basket
1351 =item Inheritance Concerns
1353 =item The Eponymous Meta-Object
1355 =item Indirect References to Class Data
1357 =item Monadic Classes
1359 =item Translucent Attributes
1363 =item Class Data as Lexical Variables
1367 =item Privacy and Responsibility
1369 =item File-Scoped Lexicals
1371 =item More Inheritance Concerns
1373 =item Locking the Door and Throwing Away the Key
1375 =item Translucency Revisited
1383 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1385 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
1391 =head2 perlobj - Perl objects
1399 =item An Object is Simply a Reference
1401 =item A Class is Simply a Package
1403 =item A Method is Simply a Subroutine
1405 =item Method Invocation
1409 =item Default UNIVERSAL methods
1411 isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] )
1417 =item Two-Phased Garbage Collection
1425 =head2 perlbot - Bag'o Object Tricks (the BOT)
1431 =item OO SCALING TIPS
1433 =item INSTANCE VARIABLES
1435 =item SCALAR INSTANCE VARIABLES
1437 =item INSTANCE VARIABLE INHERITANCE
1439 =item OBJECT RELATIONSHIPS
1441 =item OVERRIDING SUPERCLASS METHODS
1443 =item USING RELATIONSHIP WITH SDBM
1445 =item THINKING OF CODE REUSE
1447 =item CLASS CONTEXT AND THE OBJECT
1449 =item INHERITING A CONSTRUCTOR
1455 =head2 perltie - how to hide an object class in a simple variable
1467 TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, UNTIE this,
1472 TIEARRAY classname, LIST, FETCH this, index, STORE this, index, value,
1473 FETCHSIZE this, STORESIZE this, count, EXTEND this, count, EXISTS this,
1474 key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, PUSH this, LIST, POP this, SHIFT this,
1475 UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST, UNTIE this, DESTROY
1480 USER, HOME, CLOBBER, LIST, TIEHASH classname, LIST, FETCH this, key, STORE
1481 this, key, value, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, EXISTS this, key, FIRSTKEY
1482 this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, UNTIE this, DESTROY this
1484 =item Tying FileHandles
1486 TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, WRITE this, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this,
1487 LIST, READ this, LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, CLOSE this, UNTIE this,
1492 =item The C<untie> Gotcha
1504 =head2 perlipc - Perl interprocess communication (signals, fifos, pipes,
1505 safe subprocesses, sockets, and semaphores)
1521 =item Using open() for IPC
1527 =item Background Processes
1529 =item Complete Dissociation of Child from Parent
1531 =item Safe Pipe Opens
1533 =item Bidirectional Communication with Another Process
1535 =item Bidirectional Communication with Yourself
1539 =item Sockets: Client/Server Communication
1543 =item Internet Line Terminators
1545 =item Internet TCP Clients and Servers
1547 =item Unix-Domain TCP Clients and Servers
1551 =item TCP Clients with IO::Socket
1555 =item A Simple Client
1557 C<Proto>, C<PeerAddr>, C<PeerPort>
1559 =item A Webget Client
1561 =item Interactive Client with IO::Socket
1565 =item TCP Servers with IO::Socket
1567 Proto, LocalPort, Listen, Reuse
1569 =item UDP: Message Passing
1583 =head2 perlfork - Perl's fork() emulation
1593 =item Behavior of other Perl features in forked pseudo-processes
1595 $$ or $PROCESS_ID, %ENV, chdir() and all other builtins that accept
1596 filenames, wait() and waitpid(), kill(), exec(), exit(), Open handles to
1597 files, directories and network sockets
1599 =item Resource limits
1601 =item Killing the parent process
1603 =item Lifetime of the parent process and pseudo-processes
1605 =item CAVEATS AND LIMITATIONS
1607 BEGIN blocks, Open filehandles, Forking pipe open() not yet implemented,
1608 Global state maintained by XSUBs, Interpreter embedded in larger
1609 application, Thread-safety of extensions
1621 =head2 perlnumber - semantics of numbers and numeric operations in Perl
1629 =item Storing numbers
1631 =item Numeric operators and numeric conversions
1633 =item Flavors of Perl numeric operations
1635 Arithmetic operators except, C<no integer>, Arithmetic operators except,
1636 C<use integer>, Bitwise operators, C<no integer>, Bitwise operators, C<use
1637 integer>, Operators which expect an integer, Operators which expect a
1646 =head2 perlthrtut - tutorial on threads in Perl
1652 =item What Is A Thread Anyway?
1654 =item Threaded Program Models
1666 =item Native threads
1668 =item What kind of threads are perl threads?
1670 =item Threadsafe Modules
1676 =item Basic Thread Support
1678 =item Creating Threads
1680 =item Giving up control
1682 =item Waiting For A Thread To Exit
1684 =item Errors In Threads
1686 =item Ignoring A Thread
1690 =item Threads And Data
1694 =item Shared And Unshared Data
1696 =item Thread Pitfall: Races
1698 =item Controlling access: lock()
1700 =item Thread Pitfall: Deadlocks
1702 =item Queues: Passing Data Around
1706 =item Threads And Code
1710 =item Semaphores: Synchronizing Data Access
1712 Basic semaphores, Advanced Semaphores
1714 =item Attributes: Restricting Access To Subroutines
1716 =item Subroutine Locks
1720 =item Locking A Subroutine
1724 =item General Thread Utility Routines
1728 =item What Thread Am I In?
1732 =item Are These Threads The Same?
1734 =item What Threads Are Running?
1738 =item A Complete Example
1746 =item Introductory Texts
1748 =item OS-Related References
1750 =item Other References
1754 =item Acknowledgements
1762 =head2 perlport - Writing portable Perl
1768 Not all Perl programs have to be portable, Nearly all of Perl already I<is>
1777 =item Numbers endianness and Width
1779 =item Files and Filesystems
1781 =item System Interaction
1783 =item Interprocess Communication (IPC)
1785 =item External Subroutines (XS)
1787 =item Standard Modules
1791 =item Character sets and character encoding
1793 =item Internationalisation
1795 =item System Resources
1805 Mailing list: cpan-testers@perl.org, Testing results:
1806 http://testers.cpan.org/
1814 =item DOS and Derivatives
1816 Build instructions for OS/2, L<perlos2>
1824 =item EBCDIC Platforms
1832 =item FUNCTION IMPLEMENTATIONS
1836 =item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions
1838 -I<X> FILEHANDLE, -I<X> EXPR, -I<X>, alarm SECONDS, alarm, binmode
1839 FILEHANDLE, chmod LIST, chown LIST, chroot FILENAME, chroot, crypt
1840 PLAINTEXT,SALT, dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MODE, dump LABEL, exec
1841 LIST, fcntl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, flock FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, fork,
1842 getlogin, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority WHICH,WHO, getpwnam NAME,
1843 getgrnam NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getnetbyaddr
1844 ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER, getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent,
1845 getgrent, gethostent, getnetent, getprotoent, getservent, setpwent,
1846 setgrent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN,
1847 setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent, endhostent, endnetent,
1848 endprotoent, endservent, getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, glob,
1849 ioctl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, kill SIGNAL, LIST, link OLDFILE,NEWFILE,
1850 lstat FILEHANDLE, lstat EXPR, lstat, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget KEY,FLAGS,
1851 msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS, msgrcv ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR,
1852 open FILEHANDLE, pipe READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, readlink EXPR, readlink,
1853 select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, semctl ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget
1854 KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, setgrent, setpgrp PID,PGRP,
1855 setpriority WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setpwent, setsockopt
1856 SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS,
1857 shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE, shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, socketpair
1858 SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, stat FILEHANDLE, stat EXPR, stat,
1859 symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen
1860 FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, system LIST, times, truncate
1861 FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, umask EXPR, umask, utime LIST,
1862 wait, waitpid PID,FLAGS
1868 v1.47, 22 March 2000, v1.46, 12 February 2000, v1.45, 20 December 1999,
1869 v1.44, 19 July 1999, v1.43, 24 May 1999, v1.42, 22 May 1999, v1.41, 19 May
1870 1999, v1.40, 11 April 1999, v1.39, 11 February 1999, v1.38, 31 December
1871 1998, v1.37, 19 December 1998, v1.36, 9 September 1998, v1.35, 13 August
1872 1998, v1.33, 06 August 1998, v1.32, 05 August 1998, v1.30, 03 August 1998,
1875 =item Supported Platforms
1879 =item AUTHORS / CONTRIBUTORS
1885 =head2 perllocale - Perl locale handling (internationalization and
1892 =item PREPARING TO USE LOCALES
1898 =item The use locale pragma
1900 =item The setlocale function
1902 =item Finding locales
1904 =item LOCALE PROBLEMS
1906 =item Temporarily fixing locale problems
1908 =item Permanently fixing locale problems
1910 =item Permanently fixing your system's locale configuration
1912 =item Fixing system locale configuration
1914 =item The localeconv function
1918 =item LOCALE CATEGORIES
1922 =item Category LC_COLLATE: Collation
1924 =item Category LC_CTYPE: Character Types
1926 =item Category LC_NUMERIC: Numeric Formatting
1928 =item Category LC_MONETARY: Formatting of monetary amounts
1932 =item Other categories
1940 PERL_BADLANG, LC_ALL, LANGUAGE, LC_CTYPE, LC_COLLATE, LC_MONETARY,
1941 LC_NUMERIC, LC_TIME, LANG
1947 =item Backward compatibility
1949 =item I18N:Collate obsolete
1951 =item Sort speed and memory use impacts
1953 =item write() and LC_NUMERIC
1955 =item Freely available locale definitions
1959 =item An imperfect standard
1967 =item Broken systems
1977 =head2 perlunicode - Unicode support in Perl
1985 =item Important Caveat
1987 Input and Output Disciplines, Regular Expressions, C<use utf8> still needed
1988 to enable a few features
1990 =item Byte and Character semantics
1992 =item Effects of character semantics
1994 =item Character encodings for input and output
2004 =head2 perlebcdic - Considerations for running Perl on EBCDIC platforms
2010 =item COMMON CHARACTER CODE SETS
2018 =item Latin 1 (ISO 8859-1)
2022 =item 13 variant characters
2032 =item SINGLE OCTET TABLES
2034 recipe 0, recipe 1, recipe 2, recipe 3, recipe 4
2036 =item IDENTIFYING CHARACTER CODE SETS
2050 =item OPERATOR DIFFERENCES
2052 =item FUNCTION DIFFERENCES
2054 chr(), ord(), pack(), print(), printf(), sort(), sprintf(), unpack()
2056 =item REGULAR EXPRESSION DIFFERENCES
2064 =item Ignore ASCII vs. EBCDIC sort differences.
2066 =item MONO CASE then sort data.
2068 =item Convert, sort data, then re convert.
2070 =item Perform sorting on one type of machine only.
2074 =item TRANFORMATION FORMATS
2078 =item URL decoding and encoding
2080 =item uu encoding and decoding
2082 =item Quoted-Printable encoding and decoding
2084 =item Caesarian cyphers
2088 =item Hashing order and checksums
2092 =item MULTI OCTET CHARACTER SETS
2104 chcp, dataset access, OS/390 iconv, locales
2122 =head2 perlsec - Perl security
2130 =item Laundering and Detecting Tainted Data
2132 =item Switches On the "#!" Line
2134 =item Cleaning Up Your Path
2138 =item Protecting Your Programs
2146 =head2 perlmod - Perl modules (packages and symbol tables)
2158 =item Package Constructors and Destructors
2170 =head2 perlmodlib - constructing new Perl modules and finding existing ones
2176 =item THE PERL MODULE LIBRARY
2180 =item Pragmatic Modules
2182 attributes, attrs, autouse, base, blib, bytes, charnames, constant,
2183 diagnostics, fields, filetest, integer, less, locale, open, ops, overload,
2184 perlio, re, sigtrap, strict, subs, utf8, vars, warnings, warnings::register
2186 =item Standard Modules
2188 AnyDBM_File, AutoLoader, AutoSplit, B, B::Asmdata, B::Assembler, B::Bblock,
2189 B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Debug, B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint,
2190 B::Showlex, B::Stackobj, B::Stash, B::Terse, B::Xref, Benchmark,
2191 ByteLoader, CGI, CGI::Apache, CGI::Carp, CGI::Cookie, CGI::Fast,
2192 CGI::Pretty, CGI::Push, CGI::Switch, CPAN, CPAN::FirstTime, CPAN::Nox,
2193 Carp, Class::Struct, Cwd, DB, DB_File, Devel::SelfStubber, DirHandle,
2194 Dumpvalue, Encode, English, Env, Exporter, Exporter::Heavy,
2195 ExtUtils::Command, ExtUtils::Embed, ExtUtils::Install, ExtUtils::Installed,
2196 ExtUtils::Liblist, ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin, ExtUtils::MM_OS2,
2197 ExtUtils::MM_Unix, ExtUtils::MM_VMS, ExtUtils::MM_Win32,
2198 ExtUtils::MakeMaker, ExtUtils::Manifest, ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap,
2199 ExtUtils::Mksymlists, ExtUtils::Packlist, ExtUtils::testlib, Fatal, Fcntl,
2200 File::Basename, File::CheckTree, File::Compare, File::Copy, File::DosGlob,
2201 File::Find, File::Path, File::Spec, File::Spec::Epoc,
2202 File::Spec::Functions, File::Spec::Mac, File::Spec::OS2, File::Spec::Unix,
2203 File::Spec::VMS, File::Spec::Win32, File::Temp, File::stat, FileCache,
2204 FileHandle, Filter::Simple, FindBin, Getopt::Long, Getopt::Std,
2205 I18N::Collate, IO, IPC::Open2, IPC::Open3, Math::BigFloat, Math::BigInt,
2206 Math::Complex, Math::Trig, NDBM_File, Net::Ping, Net::hostent, Net::netent,
2207 Net::protoent, Net::servent, O, ODBM_File, Opcode, Pod::Checker, Pod::Find,
2208 Pod::Html, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::LaTeX, Pod::Man, Pod::ParseUtils,
2209 Pod::Parser, Pod::Plainer, Pod::Select, Pod::Text, Pod::Text::Color,
2210 Pod::Text::Termcap, Pod::Usage, SDBM_File, Safe, Search::Dict, SelectSaver,
2211 SelfLoader, Shell, Socket, Storable, Symbol, Term::ANSIColor, Term::Cap,
2212 Term::Complete, Term::ReadLine, Test, Test::Harness, Text::Abbrev,
2213 Text::ParseWords, Text::Soundex, Text::Wrap, Tie::Array, Tie::Handle,
2214 Tie::Hash, Tie::RefHash, Tie::Scalar, Tie::SubstrHash, Time::Local,
2215 Time::gmtime, Time::localtime, Time::tm, UNIVERSAL, User::grent,
2218 =item Extension Modules
2224 Africa, Asia, Australasia, Central America, Europe, North America, South
2227 =item Modules: Creation, Use, and Abuse
2231 =item Guidelines for Module Creation
2233 Do similar modules already exist in some form?, Try to design the new
2234 module to be easy to extend and reuse, Some simple style guidelines, Select
2235 what to export, Select a name for the module, Have you got it right?,
2236 README and other Additional Files, A description of the
2237 module/package/extension etc, A copyright notice - see below, Prerequisites
2238 - what else you may need to have, How to build it - possible changes to
2239 Makefile.PL etc, How to install it, Recent changes in this release,
2240 especially incompatibilities, Changes / enhancements you plan to make in
2241 the future, Adding a Copyright Notice, Give the module a
2242 version/issue/release number, How to release and distribute a module, Take
2243 care when changing a released module
2245 =item Guidelines for Converting Perl 4 Library Scripts into Modules
2247 There is no requirement to convert anything, Consider the implications,
2248 Make the most of the opportunity, The pl2pm utility will get you started,
2249 Adds the standard Module prologue lines, Converts package specifiers from '
2250 to ::, Converts die(...) to croak(...), Several other minor changes
2252 =item Guidelines for Reusing Application Code
2260 =head2 perlmodinstall - Installing CPAN Modules
2270 B<DECOMPRESS> the file, B<UNPACK> the file into a directory, B<BUILD> the
2271 module (sometimes unnecessary), B<INSTALL> the module
2285 =head2 perlnewmod - preparing a new module for distribution
2295 =item What should I make into a module?
2297 =item Step-by-step: Preparing the ground
2299 Look around, Check it's new, Discuss the need, Choose a name, Check again
2301 =item Step-by-step: Making the module
2303 Start with F<h2xs>, Use L<strict|strict> and L<warnings|warnings>, Use
2304 L<Carp|Carp>, Use L<Exporter|Exporter> - wisely!, Use L<plain old
2305 documentation|perlpod>, Write tests, Write the README
2307 =item Step-by-step: Distributing your module
2309 Get a CPAN user ID, C<perl Makefile.PL; make test; make dist>, Upload the
2310 tarball, Announce to the modules list, Announce to clpa, Fix bugs!
2320 =head2 perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl ($Revision: 1.23 $, $Date:
2321 1999/05/23 16:08:30 $)
2331 =item Who supports Perl? Who develops it? Why is it free?
2333 =item Which version of Perl should I use?
2335 =item What are perl4 and perl5?
2337 =item What is perl6?
2339 =item How stable is Perl?
2341 =item Is Perl difficult to learn?
2343 =item How does Perl compare with other languages like Java, Python, REXX,
2346 =item Can I do [task] in Perl?
2348 =item When shouldn't I program in Perl?
2350 =item What's the difference between "perl" and "Perl"?
2352 =item Is it a Perl program or a Perl script?
2354 =item What is a JAPH?
2356 =item Where can I get a list of Larry Wall witticisms?
2358 =item How can I convince my sysadmin/supervisor/employees to use version
2359 5/5.005/Perl instead of some other language?
2363 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
2367 =head2 perlfaq2 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl ($Revision: 1.32 $,
2368 $Date: 1999/10/14 18:46:09 $)
2376 =item What machines support Perl? Where do I get it?
2378 =item How can I get a binary version of Perl?
2380 =item I don't have a C compiler on my system. How can I compile perl?
2382 =item I copied the Perl binary from one machine to another, but scripts
2385 =item I grabbed the sources and tried to compile but gdbm/dynamic
2386 loading/malloc/linking/... failed. How do I make it work?
2388 =item What modules and extensions are available for Perl? What is CPAN?
2389 What does CPAN/src/... mean?
2391 =item Is there an ISO or ANSI certified version of Perl?
2393 =item Where can I get information on Perl?
2395 =item What are the Perl newsgroups on Usenet? Where do I post questions?
2397 =item Where should I post source code?
2401 References, Tutorials, Task-Oriented, Special Topics
2403 =item Perl in Magazines
2405 =item Perl on the Net: FTP and WWW Access
2407 =item What mailing lists are there for Perl?
2409 =item Archives of comp.lang.perl.misc
2411 =item Where can I buy a commercial version of Perl?
2413 =item Where do I send bug reports?
2415 =item What is perl.com? Perl Mongers? pm.org? perl.org?
2419 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
2423 =head2 perlfaq3 - Programming Tools ($Revision: 1.38 $, $Date: 1999/05/23
2432 =item How do I do (anything)?
2434 =item How can I use Perl interactively?
2436 =item Is there a Perl shell?
2438 =item How do I debug my Perl programs?
2440 =item How do I profile my Perl programs?
2442 =item How do I cross-reference my Perl programs?
2444 =item Is there a pretty-printer (formatter) for Perl?
2446 =item Is there a ctags for Perl?
2448 =item Is there an IDE or Windows Perl Editor?
2450 =item Where can I get Perl macros for vi?
2452 =item Where can I get perl-mode for emacs?
2454 =item How can I use curses with Perl?
2456 =item How can I use X or Tk with Perl?
2458 =item How can I generate simple menus without using CGI or Tk?
2460 =item What is undump?
2462 =item How can I make my Perl program run faster?
2464 =item How can I make my Perl program take less memory?
2466 =item Is it unsafe to return a pointer to local data?
2468 =item How can I free an array or hash so my program shrinks?
2470 =item How can I make my CGI script more efficient?
2472 =item How can I hide the source for my Perl program?
2474 =item How can I compile my Perl program into byte code or C?
2476 =item How can I compile Perl into Java?
2478 =item How can I get C<#!perl> to work on [MS-DOS,NT,...]?
2480 =item Can I write useful Perl programs on the command line?
2482 =item Why don't Perl one-liners work on my DOS/Mac/VMS system?
2484 =item Where can I learn about CGI or Web programming in Perl?
2486 =item Where can I learn about object-oriented Perl programming?
2488 =item Where can I learn about linking C with Perl? [h2xs, xsubpp]
2490 =item I've read perlembed, perlguts, etc., but I can't embed perl in
2491 my C program; what am I doing wrong?
2493 =item When I tried to run my script, I got this message. What does it
2496 =item What's MakeMaker?
2500 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
2504 =head2 perlfaq4 - Data Manipulation ($Revision: 1.49 $, $Date: 1999/05/23
2515 =item Why am I getting long decimals (eg, 19.9499999999999) instead of the
2516 numbers I should be getting (eg, 19.95)?
2518 =item Why isn't my octal data interpreted correctly?
2520 =item Does Perl have a round() function? What about ceil() and floor()?
2523 =item How do I convert bits into ints?
2525 =item Why doesn't & work the way I want it to?
2527 =item How do I multiply matrices?
2529 =item How do I perform an operation on a series of integers?
2531 =item How can I output Roman numerals?
2533 =item Why aren't my random numbers random?
2541 =item How do I find the week-of-the-year/day-of-the-year?
2543 =item How do I find the current century or millennium?
2545 =item How can I compare two dates and find the difference?
2547 =item How can I take a string and turn it into epoch seconds?
2549 =item How can I find the Julian Day?
2551 =item How do I find yesterday's date?
2553 =item Does Perl have a Year 2000 problem? Is Perl Y2K compliant?
2561 =item How do I validate input?
2563 =item How do I unescape a string?
2565 =item How do I remove consecutive pairs of characters?
2567 =item How do I expand function calls in a string?
2569 =item How do I find matching/nesting anything?
2571 =item How do I reverse a string?
2573 =item How do I expand tabs in a string?
2575 =item How do I reformat a paragraph?
2577 =item How can I access/change the first N letters of a string?
2579 =item How do I change the Nth occurrence of something?
2581 =item How can I count the number of occurrences of a substring within a
2584 =item How do I capitalize all the words on one line?
2586 =item How can I split a [character] delimited string except when inside
2587 [character]? (Comma-separated files)
2589 =item How do I strip blank space from the beginning/end of a string?
2591 =item How do I pad a string with blanks or pad a number with zeroes?
2593 =item How do I extract selected columns from a string?
2595 =item How do I find the soundex value of a string?
2597 =item How can I expand variables in text strings?
2599 =item What's wrong with always quoting "$vars"?
2601 =item Why don't my <<HERE documents work?
2603 1. There must be no space after the << part, 2. There (probably) should be
2604 a semicolon at the end, 3. You can't (easily) have any space in front of
2613 =item What is the difference between a list and an array?
2615 =item What is the difference between $array[1] and @array[1]?
2617 =item How can I remove duplicate elements from a list or array?
2621 =item How can I tell whether a list or array contains a certain element?
2623 =item How do I compute the difference of two arrays? How do I compute the
2624 intersection of two arrays?
2626 =item How do I test whether two arrays or hashes are equal?
2628 =item How do I find the first array element for which a condition is true?
2630 =item How do I handle linked lists?
2632 =item How do I handle circular lists?
2634 =item How do I shuffle an array randomly?
2636 =item How do I process/modify each element of an array?
2638 =item How do I select a random element from an array?
2640 =item How do I permute N elements of a list?
2642 =item How do I sort an array by (anything)?
2644 =item How do I manipulate arrays of bits?
2646 =item Why does defined() return true on empty arrays and hashes?
2650 =item Data: Hashes (Associative Arrays)
2654 =item How do I process an entire hash?
2656 =item What happens if I add or remove keys from a hash while iterating over
2659 =item How do I look up a hash element by value?
2661 =item How can I know how many entries are in a hash?
2663 =item How do I sort a hash (optionally by value instead of key)?
2665 =item How can I always keep my hash sorted?
2667 =item What's the difference between "delete" and "undef" with hashes?
2669 =item Why don't my tied hashes make the defined/exists distinction?
2671 =item How do I reset an each() operation part-way through?
2673 =item How can I get the unique keys from two hashes?
2675 =item How can I store a multidimensional array in a DBM file?
2677 =item How can I make my hash remember the order I put elements into it?
2679 =item Why does passing a subroutine an undefined element in a hash create
2682 =item How can I make the Perl equivalent of a C structure/C++ class/hash or
2683 array of hashes or arrays?
2685 =item How can I use a reference as a hash key?
2693 =item How do I handle binary data correctly?
2695 =item How do I determine whether a scalar is a number/whole/integer/float?
2697 =item How do I keep persistent data across program calls?
2699 =item How do I print out or copy a recursive data structure?
2701 =item How do I define methods for every class/object?
2703 =item How do I verify a credit card checksum?
2705 =item How do I pack arrays of doubles or floats for XS code?
2709 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
2713 =head2 perlfaq5 - Files and Formats ($Revision: 1.38 $, $Date: 1999/05/23
2722 =item How do I flush/unbuffer an output filehandle? Why must I do this?
2724 =item How do I change one line in a file/delete a line in a file/insert a
2725 line in the middle of a file/append to the beginning of a file?
2727 =item How do I count the number of lines in a file?
2729 =item How do I make a temporary file name?
2731 =item How can I manipulate fixed-record-length files?
2733 =item How can I make a filehandle local to a subroutine? How do I pass
2734 filehandles between subroutines? How do I make an array of filehandles?
2736 =item How can I use a filehandle indirectly?
2738 =item How can I set up a footer format to be used with write()?
2740 =item How can I write() into a string?
2742 =item How can I output my numbers with commas added?
2744 =item How can I translate tildes (~) in a filename?
2746 =item How come when I open a file read-write it wipes it out?
2748 =item Why do I sometimes get an "Argument list too long" when I use <*>?
2750 =item Is there a leak/bug in glob()?
2752 =item How can I open a file with a leading ">" or trailing blanks?
2754 =item How can I reliably rename a file?
2756 =item How can I lock a file?
2758 =item Why can't I just open(FH, ">file.lock")?
2760 =item I still don't get locking. I just want to increment the number in
2761 the file. How can I do this?
2763 =item How do I randomly update a binary file?
2765 =item How do I get a file's timestamp in perl?
2767 =item How do I set a file's timestamp in perl?
2769 =item How do I print to more than one file at once?
2771 =item How can I read in an entire file all at once?
2773 =item How can I read in a file by paragraphs?
2775 =item How can I read a single character from a file? From the keyboard?
2777 =item How can I tell whether there's a character waiting on a filehandle?
2779 =item How do I do a C<tail -f> in perl?
2781 =item How do I dup() a filehandle in Perl?
2783 =item How do I close a file descriptor by number?
2785 =item Why can't I use "C:\temp\foo" in DOS paths? What doesn't
2786 `C:\temp\foo.exe` work?
2788 =item Why doesn't glob("*.*") get all the files?
2790 =item Why does Perl let me delete read-only files? Why does C<-i> clobber
2791 protected files? Isn't this a bug in Perl?
2793 =item How do I select a random line from a file?
2795 =item Why do I get weird spaces when I print an array of lines?
2799 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
2803 =head2 perlfaq6 - Regexes ($Revision: 1.27 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 16:08:30 $)
2811 =item How can I hope to use regular expressions without creating illegible
2812 and unmaintainable code?
2814 Comments Outside the Regex, Comments Inside the Regex, Different Delimiters
2816 =item I'm having trouble matching over more than one line. What's wrong?
2818 =item How can I pull out lines between two patterns that are themselves on
2821 =item I put a regular expression into $/ but it didn't work. What's wrong?
2823 =item How do I substitute case insensitively on the LHS while preserving
2826 =item How can I make C<\w> match national character sets?
2828 =item How can I match a locale-smart version of C</[a-zA-Z]/>?
2830 =item How can I quote a variable to use in a regex?
2832 =item What is C</o> really for?
2834 =item How do I use a regular expression to strip C style comments from a
2837 =item Can I use Perl regular expressions to match balanced text?
2839 =item What does it mean that regexes are greedy? How can I get around it?
2841 =item How do I process each word on each line?
2843 =item How can I print out a word-frequency or line-frequency summary?
2845 =item How can I do approximate matching?
2847 =item How do I efficiently match many regular expressions at once?
2849 =item Why don't word-boundary searches with C<\b> work for me?
2851 =item Why does using $&, $`, or $' slow my program down?
2853 =item What good is C<\G> in a regular expression?
2855 =item Are Perl regexes DFAs or NFAs? Are they POSIX compliant?
2857 =item What's wrong with using grep or map in a void context?
2859 =item How can I match strings with multibyte characters?
2861 =item How do I match a pattern that is supplied by the user?
2865 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
2869 =head2 perlfaq7 - Perl Language Issues ($Revision: 1.28 $, $Date:
2870 1999/05/23 20:36:18 $)
2878 =item Can I get a BNF/yacc/RE for the Perl language?
2880 =item What are all these $@%&* punctuation signs, and how do I know when to
2883 =item Do I always/never have to quote my strings or use semicolons and
2886 =item How do I skip some return values?
2888 =item How do I temporarily block warnings?
2890 =item What's an extension?
2892 =item Why do Perl operators have different precedence than C operators?
2894 =item How do I declare/create a structure?
2896 =item How do I create a module?
2898 =item How do I create a class?
2900 =item How can I tell if a variable is tainted?
2902 =item What's a closure?
2904 =item What is variable suicide and how can I prevent it?
2906 =item How can I pass/return a {Function, FileHandle, Array, Hash, Method,
2909 Passing Variables and Functions, Passing Filehandles, Passing Regexes,
2912 =item How do I create a static variable?
2914 =item What's the difference between dynamic and lexical (static) scoping?
2915 Between local() and my()?
2917 =item How can I access a dynamic variable while a similarly named lexical
2920 =item What's the difference between deep and shallow binding?
2922 =item Why doesn't "my($foo) = <FILE>;" work right?
2924 =item How do I redefine a builtin function, operator, or method?
2926 =item What's the difference between calling a function as &foo and foo()?
2928 =item How do I create a switch or case statement?
2930 =item How can I catch accesses to undefined variables/functions/methods?
2932 =item Why can't a method included in this same file be found?
2934 =item How can I find out my current package?
2936 =item How can I comment out a large block of perl code?
2938 =item How do I clear a package?
2940 =item How can I use a variable as a variable name?
2944 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
2948 =head2 perlfaq8 - System Interaction ($Revision: 1.39 $, $Date: 1999/05/23
2957 =item How do I find out which operating system I'm running under?
2959 =item How come exec() doesn't return?
2961 =item How do I do fancy stuff with the keyboard/screen/mouse?
2963 Keyboard, Screen, Mouse
2965 =item How do I print something out in color?
2967 =item How do I read just one key without waiting for a return key?
2969 =item How do I check whether input is ready on the keyboard?
2971 =item How do I clear the screen?
2973 =item How do I get the screen size?
2975 =item How do I ask the user for a password?
2977 =item How do I read and write the serial port?
2979 lockfiles, open mode, end of line, flushing output, non-blocking input
2981 =item How do I decode encrypted password files?
2983 =item How do I start a process in the background?
2985 STDIN, STDOUT, and STDERR are shared, Signals, Zombies
2987 =item How do I trap control characters/signals?
2989 =item How do I modify the shadow password file on a Unix system?
2991 =item How do I set the time and date?
2993 =item How can I sleep() or alarm() for under a second?
2995 =item How can I measure time under a second?
2997 =item How can I do an atexit() or setjmp()/longjmp()? (Exception handling)
2999 =item Why doesn't my sockets program work under System V (Solaris)? What
3000 does the error message "Protocol not supported" mean?
3002 =item How can I call my system's unique C functions from Perl?
3004 =item Where do I get the include files to do ioctl() or syscall()?
3006 =item Why do setuid perl scripts complain about kernel problems?
3008 =item How can I open a pipe both to and from a command?
3010 =item Why can't I get the output of a command with system()?
3012 =item How can I capture STDERR from an external command?
3014 =item Why doesn't open() return an error when a pipe open fails?
3016 =item What's wrong with using backticks in a void context?
3018 =item How can I call backticks without shell processing?
3020 =item Why can't my script read from STDIN after I gave it EOF (^D on Unix,
3023 =item How can I convert my shell script to perl?
3025 =item Can I use perl to run a telnet or ftp session?
3027 =item How can I write expect in Perl?
3029 =item Is there a way to hide perl's command line from programs such as
3032 =item I {changed directory, modified my environment} in a perl script. How
3033 come the change disappeared when I exited the script? How do I get my
3034 changes to be visible?
3038 =item How do I close a process's filehandle without waiting for it to
3041 =item How do I fork a daemon process?
3043 =item How do I find out if I'm running interactively or not?
3045 =item How do I timeout a slow event?
3047 =item How do I set CPU limits?
3049 =item How do I avoid zombies on a Unix system?
3051 =item How do I use an SQL database?
3053 =item How do I make a system() exit on control-C?
3055 =item How do I open a file without blocking?
3057 =item How do I install a module from CPAN?
3059 =item What's the difference between require and use?
3061 =item How do I keep my own module/library directory?
3063 =item How do I add the directory my program lives in to the module/library
3066 =item How do I add a directory to my include path at runtime?
3068 =item What is socket.ph and where do I get it?
3072 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
3076 =head2 perlfaq9 - Networking ($Revision: 1.26 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 16:08:30
3085 =item My CGI script runs from the command line but not the browser. (500
3088 =item How can I get better error messages from a CGI program?
3090 =item How do I remove HTML from a string?
3092 =item How do I extract URLs?
3094 =item How do I download a file from the user's machine? How do I open a
3095 file on another machine?
3097 =item How do I make a pop-up menu in HTML?
3099 =item How do I fetch an HTML file?
3101 =item How do I automate an HTML form submission?
3103 =item How do I decode or create those %-encodings on the web?
3105 =item How do I redirect to another page?
3107 =item How do I put a password on my web pages?
3109 =item How do I edit my .htpasswd and .htgroup files with Perl?
3111 =item How do I make sure users can't enter values into a form that cause my
3112 CGI script to do bad things?
3114 =item How do I parse a mail header?
3116 =item How do I decode a CGI form?
3118 =item How do I check a valid mail address?
3120 =item How do I decode a MIME/BASE64 string?
3122 =item How do I return the user's mail address?
3124 =item How do I send mail?
3126 =item How do I read mail?
3128 =item How do I find out my hostname/domainname/IP address?
3130 =item How do I fetch a news article or the active newsgroups?
3132 =item How do I fetch/put an FTP file?
3134 =item How can I do RPC in Perl?
3138 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
3142 =head2 perlcompile - Introduction to the Perl Compiler-Translator
3152 B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Lint, B::Deparse, B::Xref
3156 =item Using The Back Ends
3160 =item The Cross Referencing Back End
3164 =item The Decompiling Back End
3166 =item The Lint Back End
3168 =item The Simple C Back End
3170 =item The Bytecode Back End
3172 =item The Optimized C Back End
3174 B, O, B::Asmdata, B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC,
3175 B::Debug, B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex, B::Stackobj,
3176 B::Stash, B::Terse, B::Xref
3180 =item KNOWN PROBLEMS
3186 =head2 perlembed - how to embed perl in your C program
3196 B<Use C from Perl?>, B<Use a Unix program from Perl?>, B<Use Perl from
3197 Perl?>, B<Use C from C?>, B<Use Perl from C?>
3201 =item Compiling your C program
3203 =item Adding a Perl interpreter to your C program
3205 =item Calling a Perl subroutine from your C program
3207 =item Evaluating a Perl statement from your C program
3209 =item Performing Perl pattern matches and substitutions from your C program
3211 =item Fiddling with the Perl stack from your C program
3213 =item Maintaining a persistent interpreter
3215 =item Maintaining multiple interpreter instances
3217 =item Using Perl modules, which themselves use C libraries, from your C
3222 =item Embedding Perl under Win32
3232 =head2 perldebguts - Guts of Perl debugging
3238 =item Debugger Internals
3242 =item Writing Your Own Debugger
3246 =item Frame Listing Output Examples
3248 =item Debugging regular expressions
3252 =item Compile-time output
3254 C<anchored> I<STRING> C<at> I<POS>, C<floating> I<STRING> C<at>
3255 I<POS1..POS2>, C<matching floating/anchored>, C<minlen>, C<stclass>
3256 I<TYPE>, C<noscan>, C<isall>, C<GPOS>, C<plus>, C<implicit>, C<with eval>,
3259 =item Types of nodes
3261 =item Run-time output
3265 =item Debugging Perl memory usage
3269 =item Using C<$ENV{PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS}>
3271 C<buckets SMALLEST(APPROX)..GREATEST(APPROX)>, Free/Used, C<Total sbrk():
3272 SBRKed/SBRKs:CONTINUOUS>, C<pad: 0>, C<heads: 2192>, C<chain: 0>, C<tail:
3275 =item Example of using B<-DL> switch
3277 C<717>, C<002>, C<054>, C<602>, C<702>, C<704>
3279 =item B<-DL> details
3283 =item Limitations of B<-DL> statistics
3291 =head2 perlxstut, perlXStut - Tutorial for writing XSUBs
3303 =item Version caveat
3305 =item Dynamic Loading versus Static Loading
3317 =item What has gone on?
3319 =item Writing good test scripts
3323 =item What's new here?
3325 =item Input and Output Parameters
3327 =item The XSUBPP Program
3329 =item The TYPEMAP file
3331 =item Warning about Output Arguments
3335 =item What has happened here?
3337 =item Anatomy of .xs file
3339 =item Getting the fat out of XSUBs
3341 =item More about XSUB arguments
3343 =item The Argument Stack
3345 =item Extending your Extension
3347 =item Documenting your Extension
3349 =item Installing your Extension
3353 =item New Things in this Example
3357 =item New Things in this Example
3359 =item EXAMPLE 7 (Coming Soon)
3361 =item EXAMPLE 8 (Coming Soon)
3363 =item EXAMPLE 9 (Coming Soon)
3365 =item Troubleshooting these Examples
3381 =head2 perlxs - XS language reference manual
3393 =item The Anatomy of an XSUB
3395 =item The Argument Stack
3397 =item The RETVAL Variable
3399 =item The MODULE Keyword
3401 =item The PACKAGE Keyword
3403 =item The PREFIX Keyword
3405 =item The OUTPUT: Keyword
3407 =item The NO_OUTPUT Keyword
3409 =item The CODE: Keyword
3411 =item The INIT: Keyword
3413 =item The NO_INIT Keyword
3415 =item Initializing Function Parameters
3417 =item Default Parameter Values
3419 =item The PREINIT: Keyword
3421 =item The SCOPE: Keyword
3423 =item The INPUT: Keyword
3425 =item The IN/OUTLIST/IN_OUTLIST/OUT/IN_OUT Keywords
3427 =item Variable-length Parameter Lists
3429 =item The C_ARGS: Keyword
3431 =item The PPCODE: Keyword
3433 =item Returning Undef And Empty Lists
3435 =item The REQUIRE: Keyword
3437 =item The CLEANUP: Keyword
3439 =item The POST_CALL: Keyword
3441 =item The BOOT: Keyword
3443 =item The VERSIONCHECK: Keyword
3445 =item The PROTOTYPES: Keyword
3447 =item The PROTOTYPE: Keyword
3449 =item The ALIAS: Keyword
3451 =item The INTERFACE: Keyword
3453 =item The INTERFACE_MACRO: Keyword
3455 =item The INCLUDE: Keyword
3457 =item The CASE: Keyword
3459 =item The & Unary Operator
3461 =item Inserting POD, Comments and C Preprocessor Directives
3463 =item Using XS With C++
3465 =item Interface Strategy
3467 =item Perl Objects And C Structures
3481 =head2 perlguts - Introduction to the Perl API
3493 =item What is an "IV"?
3495 =item Working with SVs
3499 =item What's Really Stored in an SV?
3501 =item Working with AVs
3503 =item Working with HVs
3505 =item Hash API Extensions
3509 =item Blessed References and Class Objects
3511 =item Creating New Variables
3513 =item Reference Counts and Mortality
3515 =item Stashes and Globs
3517 =item Double-Typed SVs
3519 =item Magic Variables
3521 =item Assigning Magic
3523 =item Magic Virtual Tables
3527 =item Understanding the Magic of Tied Hashes and Arrays
3529 =item Localizing changes
3531 C<SAVEINT(int i)>, C<SAVEIV(IV i)>, C<SAVEI32(I32 i)>, C<SAVELONG(long i)>,
3532 C<SAVESPTR(s)>, C<SAVEPPTR(p)>, C<SAVEFREESV(SV *sv)>, C<SAVEFREEOP(OP
3533 *op)>, C<SAVEFREEPV(p)>, C<SAVECLEARSV(SV *sv)>, C<SAVEDELETE(HV *hv, char
3534 *key, I32 length)>, C<SAVEDESTRUCTOR(DESTRUCTORFUNC_NOCONTEXT_t f, void
3535 *p)>, C<SAVEDESTRUCTOR_X(DESTRUCTORFUNC_t f, void *p)>, C<SAVESTACK_POS()>,
3536 C<SV* save_scalar(GV *gv)>, C<AV* save_ary(GV *gv)>, C<HV* save_hash(GV
3537 *gv)>, C<void save_item(SV *item)>, C<void save_list(SV **sarg, I32
3538 maxsarg)>, C<SV* save_svref(SV **sptr)>, C<void save_aptr(AV **aptr)>,
3539 C<void save_hptr(HV **hptr)>
3547 =item XSUBs and the Argument Stack
3549 =item Calling Perl Routines from within C Programs
3551 =item Memory Allocation
3555 =item Putting a C value on Perl stack
3559 =item Scratchpads and recursion
3569 =item Examining the tree
3571 =item Compile pass 1: check routines
3573 =item Compile pass 1a: constant folding
3575 =item Compile pass 2: context propagation
3577 =item Compile pass 3: peephole optimization
3581 =item Examining internal data structures with the C<dump> functions
3583 =item How multiple interpreters and concurrency are supported
3587 =item Background and PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
3589 =item How do I use all this in extensions?
3591 =item Future Plans and PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
3595 =item Internal Functions
3597 A, p, d, s, n, r, f, m, o, j, x
3601 =item Formatted Printing of IVs, UVs, and NVs
3603 =item Pointer-To-Integer and Integer-To-Pointer
3605 =item Source Documentation
3609 =item Unicode Support
3613 =item What B<is> Unicode, anyway?
3615 =item How can I recognise a UTF8 string?
3617 =item How does UTF8 represent Unicode characters?
3619 =item How does Perl store UTF8 strings?
3621 =item How do I convert a string to UTF8?
3623 =item Is there anything else I need to know?
3633 =head2 perlcall - Perl calling conventions from C
3639 An Error Handler, An Event Driven Program
3641 =item THE CALL_ FUNCTIONS
3643 call_sv, call_pv, call_method, call_argv
3663 =item Determining the Context
3667 =item KNOWN PROBLEMS
3673 =item No Parameters, Nothing returned
3675 =item Passing Parameters
3677 =item Returning a Scalar
3679 =item Returning a list of values
3681 =item Returning a list in a scalar context
3683 =item Returning Data from Perl via the parameter list
3687 =item Using G_KEEPERR
3691 =item Using call_argv
3693 =item Using call_method
3697 =item Using Perl to dispose of temporaries
3699 =item Strategies for storing Callback Context Information
3701 1. Ignore the problem - Allow only 1 callback, 2. Create a sequence of
3702 callbacks - hard wired limit, 3. Use a parameter to map to the Perl
3705 =item Alternate Stack Manipulation
3707 =item Creating and calling an anonymous subroutine in C
3719 =head2 perlutil - utilities packaged with the Perl distribution
3729 L<perldoc|perldoc>, L<pod2man|pod2man> and L<pod2text|pod2text>,
3730 L<pod2html|pod2html> and L<pod2latex|pod2latex>, L<pod2usage|pod2usage>,
3731 L<podselect|podselect>, L<podchecker|podchecker>, L<splain|splain>,
3732 L<roffitall|roffitall>
3736 L<a2p|a2p>, L<s2p|s2p>, L<find2perl|find2perl>
3740 L<perlbug|perlbug>, L<h2ph|h2ph>, L<c2ph|c2ph> and L<pstruct|pstruct>,
3741 L<h2xs|h2xs>, L<dprofpp|dprofpp>, L<perlcc|perlcc>
3749 =head2 perlfilter - Source Filters
3759 =item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER
3761 =item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN C
3763 B<Decryption Filters>
3765 =item CREATING A SOURCE FILTER AS A SEPARATE EXECUTABLE
3767 =item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN PERL
3769 =item USING CONTEXT: THE DEBUG FILTER
3781 =head2 perldbmfilter - Perl DBM Filters
3789 B<filter_store_key>, B<filter_store_value>, B<filter_fetch_key>,
3790 B<filter_fetch_value>
3796 =item An Example -- the NULL termination problem.
3798 =item Another Example -- Key is a C int.
3808 =head2 perlapi - autogenerated documentation for the perl public API
3814 AvFILL, av_clear, av_delete, av_exists, av_extend, av_fetch, av_fill,
3815 av_len, av_make, av_pop, av_push, av_shift, av_store, av_undef, av_unshift,
3816 bytes_to_utf8, call_argv, call_method, call_pv, call_sv, CLASS, Copy,
3817 croak, CvSTASH, cv_const_sv, dMARK, dORIGMARK, dSP, dXSARGS, dXSI32, ENTER,
3818 eval_pv, eval_sv, EXTEND, fbm_compile, fbm_instr, FREETMPS, get_av, get_cv,
3819 get_hv, get_sv, GIMME, GIMME_V, GvSV, gv_fetchmeth, gv_fetchmethod,
3820 gv_fetchmethod_autoload, gv_stashpv, gv_stashsv, G_ARRAY, G_DISCARD,
3821 G_EVAL, G_NOARGS, G_SCALAR, G_VOID, HEf_SVKEY, HeHASH, HeKEY, HeKLEN, HePV,
3822 HeSVKEY, HeSVKEY_force, HeSVKEY_set, HeVAL, HvNAME, hv_clear, hv_delete,
3823 hv_delete_ent, hv_exists, hv_exists_ent, hv_fetch, hv_fetch_ent,
3824 hv_iterinit, hv_iterkey, hv_iterkeysv, hv_iternext, hv_iternextsv,
3825 hv_iterval, hv_magic, hv_store, hv_store_ent, hv_undef, isALNUM, isALPHA,
3826 isDIGIT, isLOWER, isSPACE, isUPPER, items, ix, LEAVE, looks_like_number,
3827 MARK, mg_clear, mg_copy, mg_find, mg_free, mg_get, mg_length, mg_magical,
3828 mg_set, Move, New, newAV, Newc, newCONSTSUB, newHV, newRV_inc, newRV_noinc,
3829 NEWSV, newSViv, newSVnv, newSVpv, newSVpvf, newSVpvn, newSVpvn_share,
3830 newSVrv, newSVsv, newSVuv, newXS, newXSproto, Newz, Nullav, Nullch, Nullcv,
3831 Nullhv, Nullsv, ORIGMARK, perl_alloc, perl_construct, perl_destruct,
3832 perl_free, perl_parse, perl_run, PL_DBsingle, PL_DBsub, PL_DBtrace,
3833 PL_dowarn, PL_modglobal, PL_na, PL_sv_no, PL_sv_undef, PL_sv_yes, POPi,
3834 POPl, POPn, POPp, POPs, PUSHi, PUSHMARK, PUSHn, PUSHp, PUSHs, PUSHu,
3835 PUTBACK, Renew, Renewc, require_pv, RETVAL, Safefree, savepv, savepvn,
3836 SAVETMPS, SP, SPAGAIN, ST, strEQ, strGE, strGT, strLE, strLT, strNE,
3837 strnEQ, strnNE, StructCopy, SvCUR, SvCUR_set, SvEND, SvGETMAGIC, SvGROW,
3838 SvIOK, SvIOKp, SvIOK_notUV, SvIOK_off, SvIOK_on, SvIOK_only, SvIOK_only_UV,
3839 SvIOK_UV, SvIV, SvIVX, SvLEN, SvNIOK, SvNIOKp, SvNIOK_off, SvNOK, SvNOKp,
3840 SvNOK_off, SvNOK_on, SvNOK_only, SvNV, SvNVX, SvOK, SvOOK, SvPOK, SvPOKp,
3841 SvPOK_off, SvPOK_on, SvPOK_only, SvPOK_only_UTF8, SvPV, SvPVX, SvPV_force,
3842 SvPV_nolen, SvREFCNT, SvREFCNT_dec, SvREFCNT_inc, SvROK, SvROK_off,
3843 SvROK_on, SvRV, SvSETMAGIC, SvSetSV, SvSetSV_nosteal, SvSTASH, SvTAINT,
3844 SvTAINTED, SvTAINTED_off, SvTAINTED_on, SvTRUE, svtype, SvTYPE, SVt_IV,
3845 SVt_NV, SVt_PV, SVt_PVAV, SVt_PVCV, SVt_PVHV, SVt_PVMG, SvUOK, SvUPGRADE,
3846 SvUTF8, SvUTF8_off, SvUTF8_on, SvUV, SvUVX, sv_2mortal, sv_bless, sv_catpv,
3847 sv_catpvf, sv_catpvf_mg, sv_catpvn, sv_catpvn_mg, sv_catpv_mg, sv_catsv,
3848 sv_catsv_mg, sv_chop, sv_clear, sv_cmp, sv_cmp_locale, sv_dec,
3849 sv_derived_from, sv_eq, sv_free, sv_gets, sv_grow, sv_inc, sv_insert,
3850 sv_isa, sv_isobject, sv_len, sv_len_utf8, sv_magic, sv_mortalcopy,
3851 sv_newmortal, sv_pvn_force, sv_pvutf8n_force, sv_reftype, sv_replace,
3852 sv_rvweaken, sv_setiv, sv_setiv_mg, sv_setnv, sv_setnv_mg, sv_setpv,
3853 sv_setpvf, sv_setpvf_mg, sv_setpviv, sv_setpviv_mg, sv_setpvn,
3854 sv_setpvn_mg, sv_setpv_mg, sv_setref_iv, sv_setref_nv, sv_setref_pv,
3855 sv_setref_pvn, sv_setsv, sv_setsv_mg, sv_setuv, sv_setuv_mg, sv_true,
3856 sv_unmagic, sv_unref, sv_unref_flags, sv_upgrade, sv_usepvn, sv_usepvn_mg,
3857 sv_utf8_downgrade, sv_utf8_encode, sv_utf8_upgrade, sv_vcatpvfn,
3858 sv_vsetpvfn, THIS, toLOWER, toUPPER, U8 *s, utf8_distance, utf8_hop,
3859 utf8_length, utf8_to_bytes, utf8_to_uv, utf8_to_uv_simple, warn, XPUSHi,
3860 XPUSHn, XPUSHp, XPUSHs, XPUSHu, XS, XSRETURN, XSRETURN_EMPTY, XSRETURN_IV,
3861 XSRETURN_NO, XSRETURN_NV, XSRETURN_PV, XSRETURN_UNDEF, XSRETURN_YES,
3862 XST_mIV, XST_mNO, XST_mNV, XST_mPV, XST_mUNDEF, XST_mYES, XS_VERSION,
3863 XS_VERSION_BOOTCHECK, Zero
3871 =head2 perlintern - autogenerated documentation of purely B<internal>
3878 djSP, is_gv_magical, LVRET, start_glob
3886 =head2 perlapio - perl's IO abstraction interface.
3894 B<PerlIO *>, B<PerlIO_stdin()>, B<PerlIO_stdout()>, B<PerlIO_stderr()>,
3895 B<PerlIO_open(path, mode)>, B<PerlIO_fdopen(fd,mode)>,
3896 B<PerlIO_printf(f,fmt,...)>, B<PerlIO_vprintf(f,fmt,a)>,
3897 B<PerlIO_stdoutf(fmt,...)>, B<PerlIO_read(f,buf,count)>,
3898 B<PerlIO_write(f,buf,count)>, B<PerlIO_close(f)>, B<PerlIO_puts(f,s)>,
3899 B<PerlIO_putc(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_ungetc(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_getc(f)>,
3900 B<PerlIO_eof(f)>, B<PerlIO_error(f)>, B<PerlIO_fileno(f)>,
3901 B<PerlIO_clearerr(f)>, B<PerlIO_flush(f)>, B<PerlIO_tell(f)>,
3902 B<PerlIO_seek(f,o,w)>, B<PerlIO_getpos(f,p)>, B<PerlIO_setpos(f,p)>,
3903 B<PerlIO_rewind(f)>, B<PerlIO_tmpfile()>
3907 =item Co-existence with stdio
3909 B<PerlIO_importFILE(f,flags)>, B<PerlIO_exportFILE(f,flags)>,
3910 B<PerlIO_findFILE(f)>, B<PerlIO_releaseFILE(p,f)>, B<PerlIO_setlinebuf(f)>,
3911 B<PerlIO_has_cntptr(f)>, B<PerlIO_get_ptr(f)>, B<PerlIO_get_cnt(f)>,
3912 B<PerlIO_canset_cnt(f)>, B<PerlIO_fast_gets(f)>,
3913 B<PerlIO_set_ptrcnt(f,p,c)>, B<PerlIO_set_cnt(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_has_base(f)>,
3914 B<PerlIO_get_base(f)>, B<PerlIO_get_bufsiz(f)>
3920 =head2 perltodo - Perl TO-DO List
3926 =item Infrastructure
3930 =item Mailing list archives
3932 =item Bug tracking system
3934 =item Regression Tests
3936 Coverage, Regression, __DIE__, suidperl, The 25% slowdown from perl4 to
3957 Named prototypes, Indirect objects, Method calls, Context, Scoped subs
3961 =item Perl Internals
3967 =item Garbage Collection
3969 =item Reliable signals
3971 Alternate runops() for signal despatch, Figure out how to die() in delayed
3972 sighandler, Add tests for Thread::Signal, Automatic tests against CPAN
3974 =item Interpolated regex performance bugs
3976 =item Memory leaks from failed eval/regcomp
3978 =item Make XS easier to use
3980 =item Make embedded Perl easier to use
3982 =item Namespace cleanup
3994 =item A clear division into tutorial and reference
3996 =item Remove the artificial distinction between operators and functions
3998 =item More tutorials
4000 Regular expressions, I/O, pack/unpack, Debugging
4002 =item Include a search tool
4004 =item Include a locate tool
4006 =item Separate function manpages by default
4008 =item Users can't find the manpages
4010 =item Install ALL Documentation
4012 =item Outstanding issues to be documented
4014 =item Adapt www.linuxhq.com for Perl
4016 =item Replace man with a perl program
4018 =item Unicode tutorial
4026 =item Update the POSIX extension to conform with the POSIX 1003.1 Edition 2
4028 =item Module versions
4036 VecArray, SubstrArray, VirtualArray, ShiftSplice
4038 =item Procedural options
4042 =item y2k localtime/gmtime
4044 =item Export File::Find variables
4048 =item Debugger attach/detach
4050 =item Regular Expression debugger
4052 =item Alternative RE Syntax
4054 =item Bundled modules
4060 =item Update semibroken auxiliary tools; h2ph, a2p, etc.
4076 =item POSIX on non-POSIX
4078 =item Portable installations
4086 =item Rename new headers to be consistent with the rest
4088 =item Sort out the spawnvp() mess
4090 =item Work out DLL versioning
4096 =item Would be nice to have
4098 C<pack "(stuff)*">, Contiguous bitfields in pack/unpack, lexperl, Bundled
4099 perl preprocessor, Use posix calls internally where possible, format
4100 BOTTOM, -i rename file only when successfully changed, All ARGV input
4101 should act like <>, report HANDLE [formats], support in perlmain to rerun
4102 debugger, lvalue functions
4104 =item Possible pragmas
4116 =item constant function cache
4118 =item foreach(reverse...)
4120 =item Cache eval tree
4124 =item Shrink opcode tables
4126 =item Cache hash value
4128 =item Optimize away @_ where possible
4130 =item Optimize sort by { $a <=> $b }
4132 =item Rewrite regexp parser for better integrated optimization
4136 =item Vague possibilities
4138 ref function in list context, make tr/// return histogram in list context?,
4139 Loop control on do{} et al, Explicit switch statements, compile to real
4140 threaded code, structured types, Modifiable $1 et al
4142 =item To Do Or Not To Do
4146 =item Making my() work on "package" variables
4148 =item "or" testing defined not truth
4150 =item "dynamic" lexicals
4152 =item "class"-based, rather than package-based "lexicals"
4168 =item External threads
4174 =item Per-thread GVs
4186 =item Precompiled modules
4190 =item Typed lexicals
4200 =item Cached compilation
4204 =item Recently Finished Tasks
4208 =item Figure a way out of $^(capital letter)
4214 =item Namespace cleanup
4226 =head2 perlhack - How to hack at the Perl internals
4232 Does concept match the general goals of Perl?, Where is the
4233 implementation?, Backwards compatibility, Could it be a module instead?, Is
4234 the feature generic enough?, Does it potentially introduce new bugs?, Does
4235 it preclude other desirable features?, Is the implementation robust?, Is
4236 the implementation generic enough to be portable?, Is there enough
4237 documentation?, Is there another way to do it?, Does it create too much
4238 work?, Patches speak louder than words
4242 =item Keeping in sync
4244 rsync'ing the source tree, Using rsync over the LAN, Using pushing over the
4245 NFS, rsync'ing the patches, It's easier, It's more recent, It's more
4246 reliable, It's easier, It's a good reference, Finding a start point,
4247 Finding how to fix a bug, Finding the source of misbehaviour
4249 =item Submitting patches
4251 L<perlguts>, L<perlxstut> and L<perlxs>, L<perlapi>,
4252 F<Porting/pumpkin.pod>, The perl5-porters FAQ
4254 =item Finding Your Way Around
4256 Core modules, Documentation, Configure, Interpreter
4258 =item Elements of the interpreter
4260 Startup, Parsing, Optimization, Running
4262 =item Internal Variable Types
4268 Argument stack, Mark stack, Save stack
4270 =item Millions of Macros
4272 =item Poking at Perl
4274 =item Using a source-level debugger
4276 run [args], break function_name, break source.c:xxx, step, next, continue,
4277 finish, 'enter', print
4279 =item Dumping Perl Data Structures
4285 =item EXTERNAL TOOLS FOR DEBUGGING PERL
4289 =item Rational Software's Purify
4291 =item Purify on Unix
4293 -Accflags=-DPURIFY, -Doptimize='-g', -Uusemymalloc, -Dusemultiplicity
4297 DEFINES, USE_MULTI = define, #PERL_MALLOC = define, CFG = Debug
4301 I<The Road goes ever on and on, down from the door where it began.>
4309 =head2 perlhist - the Perl history records
4317 =item THE KEEPERS OF THE PUMPKIN
4329 =item SELECTED RELEASE SIZES
4331 =item SELECTED PATCH SIZES
4335 =item THE KEEPERS OF THE RECORDS
4339 =head2 perldelta - what's new for perl v5.7.0
4345 =item Security Vulnerability Closed
4347 =item Incompatible Changes
4349 =item Core Enhancements
4351 =item Modules and Pragmata
4357 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
4361 =item Utility Changes
4363 =item New Documentation
4365 =item Performance Enhancements
4367 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
4371 =item Generic Improvements
4375 =item Selected Bug Fixes
4379 =item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
4383 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
4385 =item Changed Internals
4387 =item Known Problems
4391 =item Unicode Support Still Far From Perfect
4393 =item EBCDIC Still A Lost Platform
4395 =item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
4397 =item ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
4399 =item Test lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
4401 =item Long Doubles Still Don't Work In Solaris
4403 =item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
4405 =item sprintf tests 129 and 130
4407 =item Storable tests fail in some platforms
4409 =item Threads Are Still Experimental
4411 =item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental
4415 =item Reporting Bugs
4423 =head2 perl56delta, perldelta - what's new for perl v5.6.0
4429 =item Core Enhancements
4433 =item Interpreter cloning, threads, and concurrency
4435 =item Lexically scoped warning categories
4437 =item Unicode and UTF-8 support
4439 =item Support for interpolating named characters
4441 =item "our" declarations
4443 =item Support for strings represented as a vector of ordinals
4445 =item Improved Perl version numbering system
4447 =item New syntax for declaring subroutine attributes
4449 =item File and directory handles can be autovivified
4451 =item open() with more than two arguments
4453 =item 64-bit support
4455 =item Large file support
4461 =item Enhanced support for sort() subroutines
4463 =item C<sort $coderef @foo> allowed
4465 =item File globbing implemented internally
4467 =item Support for CHECK blocks
4469 =item POSIX character class syntax [: :] supported
4471 =item Better pseudo-random number generator
4473 =item Improved C<qw//> operator
4475 =item Better worst-case behavior of hashes
4477 =item pack() format 'Z' supported
4479 =item pack() format modifier '!' supported
4481 =item pack() and unpack() support counted strings
4483 =item Comments in pack() templates
4485 =item Weak references
4487 =item Binary numbers supported
4489 =item Lvalue subroutines
4491 =item Some arrows may be omitted in calls through references
4493 =item Boolean assignment operators are legal lvalues
4495 =item exists() is supported on subroutine names
4497 =item exists() and delete() are supported on array elements
4499 =item Pseudo-hashes work better
4501 =item Automatic flushing of output buffers
4503 =item Better diagnostics on meaningless filehandle operations
4505 =item Where possible, buffered data discarded from duped input filehandle
4507 =item eof() has the same old magic as <>
4509 =item binmode() can be used to set :crlf and :raw modes
4511 =item C<-T> filetest recognizes UTF-8 encoded files as "text"
4513 =item system(), backticks and pipe open now reflect exec() failure
4515 =item Improved diagnostics
4517 =item Diagnostics follow STDERR
4519 =item More consistent close-on-exec behavior
4521 =item syswrite() ease-of-use
4523 =item Better syntax checks on parenthesized unary operators
4525 =item Bit operators support full native integer width
4527 =item Improved security features
4529 =item More functional bareword prototype (*)
4531 =item C<require> and C<do> may be overridden
4533 =item $^X variables may now have names longer than one character
4535 =item New variable $^C reflects C<-c> switch
4537 =item New variable $^V contains Perl version as a string
4539 =item Optional Y2K warnings
4541 =item Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings
4545 =item Modules and Pragmata
4551 attributes, B, Benchmark, ByteLoader, constant, charnames, Data::Dumper,
4552 DB, DB_File, Devel::DProf, Devel::Peek, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, English,
4553 Env, Fcntl, File::Compare, File::Find, File::Glob, File::Spec,
4554 File::Spec::Functions, Getopt::Long, IO, JPL, lib, Math::BigInt,
4555 Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Pod::Parser, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Checker,
4556 podchecker, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Find, Pod::Select, podselect, Pod::Usage,
4557 pod2usage, Pod::Text and Pod::Man, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Sys::Hostname,
4558 Term::ANSIColor, Time::Local, Win32, XSLoader, DBM Filters
4564 =item Utility Changes
4578 =item The Perl Debugger
4582 =item Improved Documentation
4584 perlapi.pod, perlboot.pod, perlcompile.pod, perldbmfilter.pod,
4585 perldebug.pod, perldebguts.pod, perlfork.pod, perlfilter.pod, perlhack.pod,
4586 perlintern.pod, perllexwarn.pod, perlnumber.pod, perlopentut.pod,
4587 perlreftut.pod, perltootc.pod, perltodo.pod, perlunicode.pod
4589 =item Performance enhancements
4593 =item Simple sort() using { $a <=> $b } and the like are optimized
4595 =item Optimized assignments to lexical variables
4597 =item Faster subroutine calls
4599 =item delete(), each(), values() and hash iteration are faster
4603 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
4607 =item -Dusethreads means something different
4609 =item New Configure flags
4611 =item Threadedness and 64-bitness now more daring
4617 =item -Duselargefiles
4619 =item installusrbinperl
4625 =item Enhanced Installation Directories
4629 =item Platform specific changes
4633 =item Supported platforms
4637 =item OS390 (OpenEdition MVS)
4645 =item Significant bug fixes
4649 =item <HANDLE> on empty files
4651 =item C<eval '...'> improvements
4653 =item All compilation errors are true errors
4655 =item Implicitly closed filehandles are safer
4657 =item Behavior of list slices is more consistent
4659 =item C<(\$)> prototype and C<$foo{a}>
4661 =item C<goto &sub> and AUTOLOAD
4663 =item C<-bareword> allowed under C<use integer>
4665 =item Failures in DESTROY()
4667 =item Locale bugs fixed
4671 =item Spurious subroutine stubs after failed subroutine calls
4673 =item Taint failures under C<-U>
4675 =item END blocks and the C<-c> switch
4677 =item Potential to leak DATA filehandles
4681 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
4683 "%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same %s, "my sub" not yet
4684 implemented, "our" variable %s redeclared, '!' allowed only after types %s,
4685 / cannot take a count, / must be followed by a, A or Z, / must be followed
4686 by a*, A* or Z*, / must follow a numeric type, /%s/: Unrecognized escape
4687 \\%c passed through, /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c in character class
4688 passed through, /%s/ should probably be written as "%s", %s() called too
4689 early to check prototype, %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element, %s
4690 argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or slice, %s argument is not a
4691 subroutine name, %s package attribute may clash with future reserved word:
4692 %s, (in cleanup) %s, <> should be quotes, Attempt to join self, Bad evalled
4693 substitution pattern, Bad realloc() ignored, Bareword found in conditional,
4694 Binary number > 0b11111111111111111111111111111111 non-portable, Bit vector
4695 size > 32 non-portable, Buffer overflow in prime_env_iter: %s, Can't check
4696 filesystem of script "%s", Can't declare class for non-scalar %s in "%s",
4697 Can't declare %s in "%s", Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default,
4698 Can't modify non-lvalue subroutine call, Can't read CRTL environ, Can't
4699 remove %s: %s, skipping file, Can't return %s from lvalue subroutine, Can't
4700 weaken a nonreference, Character class [:%s:] unknown, Character class
4701 syntax [%s] belongs inside character classes, Constant is not %s reference,
4702 constant(%s): %s, CORE::%s is not a keyword, defined(@array) is deprecated,
4703 defined(%hash) is deprecated, Did not produce a valid header, (Did you mean
4704 "local" instead of "our"?), Document contains no data, entering effective
4705 %s failed, false [] range "%s" in regexp, Filehandle %s opened only for
4706 output, flock() on closed filehandle %s, Global symbol "%s" requires
4707 explicit package name, Hexadecimal number > 0xffffffff non-portable,
4708 Ill-formed CRTL environ value "%s", Ill-formed message in prime_env_iter:
4709 |%s|, Illegal binary digit %s, Illegal binary digit %s ignored, Illegal
4710 number of bits in vec, Integer overflow in %s number, Invalid %s attribute:
4711 %s, Invalid %s attributes: %s, invalid [] range "%s" in regexp, Invalid
4712 separator character %s in attribute list, Invalid separator character %s in
4713 subroutine attribute list, leaving effective %s failed, Lvalue subs
4714 returning %s not implemented yet, Method %s not permitted, Missing
4715 %sbrace%s on \N{}, Missing command in piped open, Missing name in "my sub",
4716 No %s specified for -%c, No package name allowed for variable %s in "our",
4717 No space allowed after -%c, no UTC offset information; assuming local time
4718 is UTC, Octal number > 037777777777 non-portable, panic: del_backref,
4719 panic: kid popen errno read, panic: magic_killbackrefs, Parentheses missing
4720 around "%s" list, Possible unintended interpolation of %s in string,
4721 Possible Y2K bug: %s, pragma "attrs" is deprecated, use "sub NAME : ATTRS"
4722 instead, Premature end of script headers, Repeat count in pack overflows,
4723 Repeat count in unpack overflows, realloc() of freed memory ignored,
4724 Reference is already weak, setpgrp can't take arguments, Strange *+?{} on
4725 zero-length expression, switching effective %s is not implemented, This
4726 Perl can't reset CRTL environ elements (%s), This Perl can't set CRTL
4727 environ elements (%s=%s), Too late to run %s block, Unknown open() mode
4728 '%s', Unknown process %x sent message to prime_env_iter: %s, Unrecognized
4729 escape \\%c passed through, Unterminated attribute parameter in attribute
4730 list, Unterminated attribute list, Unterminated attribute parameter in
4731 subroutine attribute list, Unterminated subroutine attribute list, Value of
4732 CLI symbol "%s" too long, Version number must be a constant number
4736 =item Incompatible Changes
4740 =item Perl Source Incompatibilities
4742 CHECK is a new keyword, Treatment of list slices of undef has changed,
4743 Format of $English::PERL_VERSION is different, Literals of the form
4744 C<1.2.3> parse differently, Possibly changed pseudo-random number
4745 generator, Hashing function for hash keys has changed, C<undef> fails on
4746 read only values, Close-on-exec bit may be set on pipe and socket handles,
4747 Writing C<"$$1"> to mean C<"${$}1"> is unsupported, delete(), each(),
4748 values() and C<\(%h)>, vec(EXPR,OFFSET,BITS) enforces powers-of-two BITS,
4749 Text of some diagnostic output has changed, C<%@> has been removed,
4750 Parenthesized not() behaves like a list operator, Semantics of bareword
4751 prototype C<(*)> have changed, Semantics of bit operators may have changed
4752 on 64-bit platforms, More builtins taint their results
4754 =item C Source Incompatibilities
4756 C<PERL_POLLUTE>, C<PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT>, C<PERL_POLLUTE_MALLOC>
4758 =item Compatible C Source API Changes
4760 C<PATCHLEVEL> is now C<PERL_VERSION>
4762 =item Binary Incompatibilities
4766 =item Known Problems
4770 =item Thread test failures
4772 =item EBCDIC platforms not supported
4774 =item In 64-bit HP-UX the lib/io_multihomed test may hang
4776 =item NEXTSTEP 3.3 POSIX test failure
4778 =item Tru64 (aka Digital UNIX, aka DEC OSF/1) lib/sdbm test failure with
4781 =item UNICOS/mk CC failures during Configure run
4783 =item Arrow operator and arrays
4785 =item Experimental features
4787 Threads, Unicode, 64-bit support, Lvalue subroutines, Weak references, The
4788 pseudo-hash data type, The Compiler suite, Internal implementation of file
4789 globbing, The DB module, The regular expression code constructs:
4793 =item Obsolete Diagnostics
4795 Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Ill-formed
4796 logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter, In string, @%s now must be written as
4797 \@%s, Probable precedence problem on %s, regexp too big, Use of "$$<digit>"
4798 to mean "${$}<digit>" is deprecated
4800 =item Reporting Bugs
4808 =head2 perl5005delta, perldelta - what's new for perl5.005
4814 =item About the new versioning system
4816 =item Incompatible Changes
4820 =item WARNING: This version is not binary compatible with Perl 5.004.
4822 =item Default installation structure has changed
4824 =item Perl Source Compatibility
4826 =item C Source Compatibility
4828 =item Binary Compatibility
4830 =item Security fixes may affect compatibility
4832 =item Relaxed new mandatory warnings introduced in 5.004
4846 =item Regular Expressions
4848 Many new and improved optimizations, Many bug fixes, New regular expression
4849 constructs, New operator for precompiled regular expressions, Other
4850 improvements, Incompatible changes
4852 =item Improved malloc()
4854 =item Quicksort is internally implemented
4856 =item Reliable signals
4858 =item Reliable stack pointers
4860 =item More generous treatment of carriage returns
4864 =item Better support for multiple interpreters
4866 =item Behavior of local() on array and hash elements is now well-defined
4868 =item C<%!> is transparently tied to the L<Errno> module
4870 =item Pseudo-hashes are supported
4872 =item C<EXPR foreach EXPR> is supported
4874 =item Keywords can be globally overridden
4876 =item C<$^E> is meaningful on Win32
4878 =item C<foreach (1..1000000)> optimized
4880 =item C<Foo::> can be used as implicitly quoted package name
4882 =item C<exists $Foo::{Bar::}> tests existence of a package
4884 =item Better locale support
4886 =item Experimental support for 64-bit platforms
4888 =item prototype() returns useful results on builtins
4890 =item Extended support for exception handling
4892 =item Re-blessing in DESTROY() supported for chaining DESTROY() methods
4894 =item All C<printf> format conversions are handled internally
4896 =item New C<INIT> keyword
4898 =item New C<lock> keyword
4900 =item New C<qr//> operator
4902 =item C<our> is now a reserved word
4904 =item Tied arrays are now fully supported
4906 =item Tied handles support is better
4908 =item 4th argument to substr
4910 =item Negative LENGTH argument to splice
4912 =item Magic lvalues are now more magical
4914 =item <> now reads in records
4918 =item Supported Platforms
4924 =item Changes in existing support
4928 =item Modules and Pragmata
4934 B, Data::Dumper, Dumpvalue, Errno, File::Spec, ExtUtils::Installed,
4935 ExtUtils::Packlist, Fatal, IPC::SysV, Test, Tie::Array, Tie::Handle,
4936 Thread, attrs, fields, re
4938 =item Changes in existing modules
4940 Benchmark, Carp, CGI, Fcntl, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, POSIX, DB_File,
4941 MakeMaker, CPAN, Cwd, Benchmark
4945 =item Utility Changes
4947 =item Documentation Changes
4949 =item New Diagnostics
4951 Ambiguous call resolved as CORE::%s(), qualify as such or use &, Bad index
4952 while coercing array into hash, Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent
4953 package, Can't call method "%s" on an undefined value, Can't check
4954 filesystem of script "%s" for nosuid, Can't coerce array into hash, Can't
4955 goto subroutine from an eval-string, Can't localize pseudo-hash element,
4956 Can't use %%! because Errno.pm is not available, Cannot find an opnumber
4957 for "%s", Character class syntax [. .] is reserved for future extensions,
4958 Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Character
4959 class syntax [= =] is reserved for future extensions, %s: Eval-group in
4960 insecure regular expression, %s: Eval-group not allowed, use re 'eval', %s:
4961 Eval-group not allowed at run time, Explicit blessing to '' (assuming
4962 package main), Illegal hex digit ignored, No such array field, No such
4963 field "%s" in variable %s of type %s, Out of memory during ridiculously
4964 large request, Range iterator outside integer range, Recursive inheritance
4965 detected while looking for method '%s' %s, Reference found where even-sized
4966 list expected, Undefined value assigned to typeglob, Use of reserved word
4967 "%s" is deprecated, perl: warning: Setting locale failed
4969 =item Obsolete Diagnostics
4971 Can't mktemp(), Can't write to temp file for B<-e>: %s, Cannot open
4972 temporary file, regexp too big
4974 =item Configuration Changes
4984 =head2 perl5004delta, perldelta - what's new for perl5.004
4990 =item Supported Environments
4996 =item List assignment to %ENV works
4998 =item Change to "Can't locate Foo.pm in @INC" error
5000 =item Compilation option: Binary compatibility with 5.003
5002 =item $PERL5OPT environment variable
5004 =item Limitations on B<-M>, B<-m>, and B<-T> options
5006 =item More precise warnings
5008 =item Deprecated: Inherited C<AUTOLOAD> for non-methods
5010 =item Previously deprecated %OVERLOAD is no longer usable
5012 =item Subroutine arguments created only when they're modified
5014 =item Group vector changeable with C<$)>
5016 =item Fixed parsing of $$<digit>, &$<digit>, etc.
5018 =item Fixed localization of $<digit>, $&, etc.
5020 =item No resetting of $. on implicit close
5022 =item C<wantarray> may return undef
5024 =item C<eval EXPR> determines value of EXPR in scalar context
5026 =item Changes to tainting checks
5028 No glob() or <*>, No spawning if tainted $CDPATH, $ENV, $BASH_ENV, No
5029 spawning if tainted $TERM doesn't look like a terminal name
5031 =item New Opcode module and revised Safe module
5033 =item Embedding improvements
5035 =item Internal change: FileHandle class based on IO::* classes
5037 =item Internal change: PerlIO abstraction interface
5039 =item New and changed syntax
5043 =item New and changed builtin constants
5047 =item New and changed builtin variables
5051 =item New and changed builtin functions
5053 delete on slices, flock, printf and sprintf, keys as an lvalue, my() in
5054 Control Structures, pack() and unpack(), sysseek(), use VERSION, use Module
5055 VERSION LIST, prototype(FUNCTION), srand, $_ as Default, C<m//gc> does not
5056 reset search position on failure, C<m//x> ignores whitespace before ?*+{},
5057 nested C<sub{}> closures work now, formats work right on changing lexicals
5059 =item New builtin methods
5061 isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] )
5063 =item TIEHANDLE now supported
5065 TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this, LIST, READ this
5066 LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, DESTROY this
5068 =item Malloc enhancements
5070 -DPERL_EMERGENCY_SBRK, -DPACK_MALLOC, -DTWO_POT_OPTIMIZE
5072 =item Miscellaneous efficiency enhancements
5076 =item Support for More Operating Systems
5092 use autouse MODULE => qw(sub1 sub2 sub3), use blib, use blib 'dir', use
5093 constant NAME => VALUE, use locale, use ops, use vmsish
5099 =item Required Updates
5101 =item Installation directories
5103 =item Module information summary
5117 =item Object-oriented overrides for builtin operators
5121 =item Utility Changes
5127 Sends converted HTML to standard output
5131 C<void> XSUBs now default to returning nothing
5135 =item C Language API Changes
5137 C<gv_fetchmethod> and C<perl_call_sv>, C<perl_eval_pv>, Extended API for
5140 =item Documentation Changes
5142 L<perldelta>, L<perlfaq>, L<perllocale>, L<perltoot>, L<perlapio>,
5143 L<perlmodlib>, L<perldebug>, L<perlsec>
5145 =item New Diagnostics
5147 "my" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same scope, %s argument is
5148 not a HASH element or slice, Allocation too large: %lx, Allocation too
5149 large, Applying %s to %s will act on scalar(%s), Attempt to free
5150 nonexistent shared string, Attempt to use reference as lvalue in substr,
5151 Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent package, Can't redefine active sort
5152 subroutine %s, Can't use bareword ("%s") as %s ref while "strict refs" in
5153 use, Cannot resolve method `%s' overloading `%s' in package `%s', Constant
5154 subroutine %s redefined, Constant subroutine %s undefined, Copy method did
5155 not return a reference, Died, Exiting pseudo-block via %s, Identifier too
5156 long, Illegal character %s (carriage return), Illegal switch in PERL5OPT:
5157 %s, Integer overflow in hex number, Integer overflow in octal number,
5158 internal error: glob failed, Invalid conversion in %s: "%s", Invalid type
5159 in pack: '%s', Invalid type in unpack: '%s', Name "%s::%s" used only once:
5160 possible typo, Null picture in formline, Offset outside string, Out of
5161 memory!, Out of memory during request for %s, panic: frexp, Possible
5162 attempt to put comments in qw() list, Possible attempt to separate words
5163 with commas, Scalar value @%s{%s} better written as $%s{%s}, Stub found
5164 while resolving method `%s' overloading `%s' in %s, Too late for "B<-T>"
5165 option, untie attempted while %d inner references still exist, Unrecognized
5166 character %s, Unsupported function fork, Use of "$$<digit>" to mean
5167 "${$}<digit>" is deprecated, Value of %s can be "0"; test with defined(),
5168 Variable "%s" may be unavailable, Variable "%s" will not stay shared,
5169 Warning: something's wrong, Ill-formed logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter,
5170 Got an error from DosAllocMem, Malformed PERLLIB_PREFIX, PERL_SH_DIR too
5171 long, Process terminated by SIG%s
5181 =head2 perlaix, README.aix - Perl version 5 on IBM Unix (AIX) systems
5189 =item Compiling Perl 5 on AIX
5193 =item Building Dynamic Extensions on AIX
5195 =item The IBM ANSI C Compiler
5197 =item Using GNU's gcc for building perl
5199 =item Using Large Files with Perl
5205 =item GDBM and Threads
5207 =item NFS filesystems and utime(2)
5217 =head2 perlamiga - Perl under Amiga OS
5233 B<Unix emulation for AmigaOS: ixemul.library>, B<Version of Amiga OS>
5235 =item Starting Perl programs under AmigaOS
5237 =item Shortcomings of Perl under AmigaOS
5243 =item Accessing documentation
5251 =item B<GNU> C<info> files
5263 =item Getting the perl source
5267 sh Configure -Dprefix=/ade -Dloclibpth=/ade/lib
5271 =item Installing the built perl
5281 =head2 perlcygwin, README.cygwin - Perl for Cygwin
5291 =item Cygwin = GNU+Cygnus+Windows (Don't leave UNIX without it)
5293 =item Cygwin Configuration
5295 C<PATH>, I<nroff>, Permissions
5303 =item Strip Binaries
5305 =item Optional Libraries
5307 C<-lcrypt>, C<-lgdbm> (C<use GDBM_File>), C<-ldb> (C<use DB_File>),
5308 C<-lcygipc> (C<use IPC::SysV>)
5310 =item Configure-time Options
5312 C<-Uusedl>, C<-Uusemymalloc>, C<-Dusemultiplicity>, C<-Duseperlio>,
5313 C<-Duse64bitint>, C<-Duselongdouble>, C<-Dusethreads>, C<-Duselargefiles>
5315 =item Suspicious Warnings
5317 I<dlsym()>, Win9x and C<d_eofnblk>, Compiler/Preprocessor defines
5335 =item File Permissions
5339 =item Filetime Granularity
5341 =item Tainting Checks
5345 =item Script Portability
5347 Pathnames, Text/Binary, F<.exe>, chown(), Miscellaneous
5355 Documentation, Build, Configure, Make, Install, Tests, Compiled Perl
5356 Source, Compiled Module Source, Perl Modules/Scripts
5366 =head2 perldos - Perl under DOS, W31, W95.
5380 =item Shortcomings of Perl under DOS
5390 =item BUILDING AND INSTALLING MODULES
5396 =item Unpacking CPAN Modules
5398 =item Building Non-XS Modules
5400 =item Building XS Modules
5410 =head2 perlepoc, README.epoc - Perl for EPOC
5418 =item INSTALLING PERL ON EPOC
5420 =item USING PERL ON EPOC
5424 =item IO Redirection
5434 =item Compiling Perl 5 on the EPOC cross compiling environment
5438 =item SUPPORT STATUS
5446 =head2 perlhpux, README.hpux - Perl version 5 on Hewlett-Packard Unix
5455 =item Compiling Perl 5 on HP-UX
5465 =item Portability Between PA-RISC Versions
5467 =item Building Dynamic Extensions on HP-UX
5469 =item The HP ANSI C Compiler
5471 =item Using Large Files with Perl
5477 =item GDBM and Threads
5479 =item NFS filesystems and utime(2)
5481 =item perl -P and //
5491 =head2 perlmachten, README.machten - Perl version 5 on Power MachTen
5500 =item Compiling Perl 5 on MachTen
5502 =item Failures during C<make test>
5504 op/lexassign.t, pragma/warnings.t
5506 =item Building external modules
5516 =head2 perlmpeix, README.mpeix - Perl/iX for HP e3000 MPE
5524 =item System Requirements
5526 =item How to Obtain Perl/iX
5528 =item Distribution Contents Highlights
5530 README, public_html/feedback.cgi, 4, 6
5532 =item Getting Started with Perl/iX
5534 =item MPE/iX Implementation Considerations
5536 =item Change History
5540 =head2 perlos2 - Perl under OS/2, DOS, Win0.3*, Win0.95 and WinNT.
5560 EMX, RSX, HPFS, pdksh
5562 =item Starting Perl programs under OS/2 (and DOS and...)
5564 =item Starting OS/2 (and DOS) programs under Perl
5568 =item Frequently asked questions
5572 =item I cannot run external programs
5574 =item I cannot embed perl into my program, or use F<perl.dll> from my
5577 Is your program EMX-compiled with C<-Zmt -Zcrtdll>?, Did you use
5580 =item C<``> and pipe-C<open> do not work under DOS.
5582 =item Cannot start C<find.exe "pattern" file>
5590 =item Automatic binary installation
5592 C<PERL_BADLANG>, C<PERL_BADFREE>, F<Config.pm>
5594 =item Manual binary installation
5596 Perl VIO and PM executables (dynamically linked), Perl_ VIO executable
5597 (statically linked), Executables for Perl utilities, Main Perl library,
5598 Additional Perl modules, Tools to compile Perl modules, Manpages for Perl
5599 and utilities, Manpages for Perl modules, Source for Perl documentation,
5600 Perl manual in F<.INF> format, Pdksh
5606 =item Accessing documentation
5610 =item OS/2 F<.INF> file
5618 =item GNU C<info> files
5632 =item Getting perl source
5634 =item Application of the patches
5642 A lot of C<bad free>, Process terminated by SIGTERM/SIGINT, F<op/fs.t>,
5643 F<lib/io_pipe.t>, F<lib/io_sock.t>, F<op/stat.t>, F<lib/io_udp.t>
5645 =item Installing the built perl
5647 =item C<a.out>-style build
5655 =item Some C</> became C<\> in pdksh.
5657 =item C<'errno'> - unresolved external
5659 =item Problems with tr or sed
5661 =item Some problem (forget which ;-)
5663 =item Library ... not found
5665 =item Segfault in make
5667 =item op/sprintf test failure
5671 =item Specific (mis)features of OS/2 port
5675 =item C<setpriority>, C<getpriority>
5679 =item C<extproc> on the first line
5681 =item Additional modules:
5683 =item Prebuilt methods:
5685 C<File::Copy::syscopy>, C<DynaLoader::mod2fname>, C<Cwd::current_drive()>,
5686 C<Cwd::sys_chdir(name)>, C<Cwd::change_drive(name)>,
5687 C<Cwd::sys_is_absolute(name)>, C<Cwd::sys_is_rooted(name)>,
5688 C<Cwd::sys_is_relative(name)>, C<Cwd::sys_cwd(name)>,
5689 C<Cwd::sys_abspath(name, dir)>, C<Cwd::extLibpath([type])>,
5690 C<Cwd::extLibpath_set( path [, type ] )>
5696 C<popen>, C<tmpnam>, C<tmpfile>, C<ctermid>, C<stat>, C<flock>
5710 =item F<perl___.exe>
5712 =item Why strange names?
5714 =item Why dynamic linking?
5716 =item Why chimera build?
5718 explicit fork(), open FH, "|-", open FH, "-|"
5726 =item C<PERLLIB_PREFIX>
5728 =item C<PERL_BADLANG>
5730 =item C<PERL_BADFREE>
5732 =item C<PERL_SH_DIR>
5734 =item C<USE_PERL_FLOCK>
5736 =item C<TMP> or C<TEMP>
5746 =item DLL name mangling
5750 =item Calls to external programs
5752 =item Memory allocation
5756 C<COND_WAIT>, F<os2.c>
5770 =head2 perlos390, README.os390 - building and installing Perl for OS/390.
5782 =item Setup and utilities
5786 =item Build, test, install
5788 =item build anomalies
5790 =item testing anomalies
5794 =item Modules and Extensions
5812 =head2 perlposix-bc, README.posix-bc - building and installing Perl for
5853 =head2 perlsolaris, README.solaris - Perl version 5 on Solaris systems
5861 =item Solaris Version Numbers.
5867 Solaris FAQ, Precompiled Binaries, Solaris Documentation
5873 =item File Extraction Problems.
5875 =item Compiler and Related Tools.
5881 =item RUN CONFIGURE.
5885 =item 64-bit Issues.
5889 =item Malloc Issues.
5893 =item MAKE PROBLEMS.
5895 Dynamic Loading Problems With GNU as and GNU ld, ld.so.1: ./perl: fatal:
5896 relocation error:, dlopen: stub interception failed, #error "No
5897 DATAMODEL_NATIVE specified", sh: ar: not found
5903 =item op/stat.t test 4
5907 =item PREBUILT BINARIES.
5909 =item RUNTIME ISSUES.
5913 =item Limits on Numbers of Open Files.
5917 =item SOLARIS-SPECIFIC MODULES.
5919 =item SOLARIS-SPECIFIC PROBLEMS WITH MODULES.
5923 =item Proc::ProcessTable
5937 =head2 perlvms - VMS-specific documentation for Perl
5945 =item Organization of Perl Images
5951 =item Perl Extensions
5953 =item Installing static extensions
5955 =item Installing dynamic extensions
5959 =item File specifications
5965 =item Wildcard expansion
5971 =item PERL5LIB and PERLLIB
5977 =item I/O redirection and backgrounding
5979 =item Command line switches
5985 =item Perl functions
5987 File tests, backticks, binmode FILEHANDLE, crypt PLAINTEXT, USER, dump,
5988 exec LIST, fork, getpwent, getpwnam, getpwuid, gmtime, kill, qx//, select
5989 (system call), stat EXPR, system LIST, time, times, unlink LIST, utime
5990 LIST, waitpid PID,FLAGS
5992 =item Perl variables
5994 %ENV, CRTL_ENV, CLISYM_[LOCAL], Any other string, $!, $^E, $?, $^S, $|
5996 =item Standard modules with VMS-specific differences
6010 =head2 perlvos, README.vos - Perl for Stratus VOS
6018 =item Stratus POSIX Support
6022 =item INSTALLING PERL IN VOS
6026 =item Compiling Perl 5 on VOS
6028 =item Installing Perl 5 on VOS
6032 =item USING PERL IN VOS
6036 =item Unimplemented Features
6042 =item SUPPORT STATUS
6050 =head2 perlwin32 - Perl under Win32
6062 Make, Command Shell, Borland C++, Microsoft Visual C++, Mingw32 with GCC
6072 Environment Variables, File Globbing, Using perl from the command line,
6073 Building Extensions, Command-line Wildcard Expansion, Win32 Specific
6074 Extensions, Running Perl Scripts, Miscellaneous Things
6078 =item BUGS AND CAVEATS
6082 Gary Ng E<lt>71564.1743@CompuServe.COME<gt>, Gurusamy Sarathy
6083 E<lt>gsar@activestate.comE<gt>, Nick Ing-Simmons
6084 E<lt>nick@ing-simmons.netE<gt>
6092 =head1 PRAGMA DOCUMENTATION
6094 =head2 attrs - set/get attributes of a subroutine (deprecated)
6106 =head2 re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour
6116 =head2 attributes - get/set subroutine or variable attributes
6126 =item Built-in Attributes
6128 locked, method, lvalue
6130 =item Available Subroutines
6134 =item Package-specific Attribute Handling
6136 FETCH_I<type>_ATTRIBUTES, MODIFY_I<type>_ATTRIBUTES
6138 =item Syntax of Attribute Lists
6146 =item Default exports
6148 =item Available exports
6150 =item Export tags defined
6160 =head2 attrs - set/get attributes of a subroutine (deprecated)
6172 =head2 autouse - postpone load of modules until a function is used
6188 =head2 base - Establish IS-A relationship with base class at compile time
6202 =head2 blib - Use MakeMaker's uninstalled version of a package
6216 =head2 bytes - Perl pragma to force byte semantics rather than character
6229 =head2 charnames - define character names for C<\N{named}> string literal
6238 =item CUSTOM TRANSLATORS
6244 =head2 constant - Perl pragma to declare constants
6254 =item TECHNICAL NOTE
6264 =head2 diagnostics - Perl compiler pragma to force verbose warning
6275 =item The C<diagnostics> Pragma
6277 =item The I<splain> Program
6291 =head2 fields - compile-time class fields
6305 =head2 filetest - Perl pragma to control the filetest permission operators
6315 =item subpragma access
6321 =head2 integer - Perl pragma to compute arithmetic in integer instead of
6332 =head2 less - perl pragma to request less of something from the compiler
6342 =head2 lib - manipulate @INC at compile time
6352 =item Adding directories to @INC
6354 =item Deleting directories from @INC
6356 =item Restoring original @INC
6366 =head2 locale - Perl pragma to use and avoid POSIX locales for built-in
6377 =head2 open - perl pragma to set default disciplines for input and output
6385 =item UNIMPLEMENTED FUNCTIONALITY
6391 =head2 ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when compiling
6403 =head2 overload - Package for overloading perl operations
6413 =item Declaration of overloaded functions
6415 =item Calling Conventions for Binary Operations
6417 FALSE, TRUE, C<undef>
6419 =item Calling Conventions for Unary Operations
6421 =item Calling Conventions for Mutators
6423 C<++> and C<-->, C<x=> and other assignment versions
6425 =item Overloadable Operations
6427 I<Arithmetic operations>, I<Comparison operations>, I<Bit operations>,
6428 I<Increment and decrement>, I<Transcendental functions>, I<Boolean, string
6429 and numeric conversion>, I<Iteration>, I<Dereferencing>, I<Special>
6431 =item Inheritance and overloading
6433 Strings as values of C<use overload> directive, Overloading of an operation
6434 is inherited by derived classes
6438 =item SPECIAL SYMBOLS FOR C<use overload>
6446 C<undef>, TRUE, defined, but FALSE
6448 =item Copy Constructor
6454 =item MAGIC AUTOGENERATION
6456 I<Assignment forms of arithmetic operations>, I<Conversion operations>,
6457 I<Increment and decrement>, C<abs($a)>, I<Unary minus>, I<Negation>,
6458 I<Concatenation>, I<Comparison operations>, I<Iterator>, I<Dereferencing>,
6461 =item Losing overloading
6463 =item Run-time Overloading
6465 =item Public functions
6467 overload::StrVal(arg), overload::Overloaded(arg), overload::Method(obj,op)
6469 =item Overloading constants
6471 integer, float, binary, q, qr
6473 =item IMPLEMENTATION
6475 =item Metaphor clash
6481 =item Two-face scalars
6483 =item Two-face references
6485 =item Symbolic calculator
6487 =item I<Really> symbolic calculator
6495 Odd number of arguments for overload::constant, `%s' is not an overloadable
6496 type, `%s' is not a code reference
6502 =head2 perlio - perl pragma to configure C level IO
6514 =item Defaults and how to override them
6522 =head2 re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour
6532 =head2 sigtrap - Perl pragma to enable simple signal handling
6544 =item SIGNAL HANDLERS
6546 B<stack-trace>, B<die>, B<handler> I<your-handler>
6550 B<normal-signals>, B<error-signals>, B<old-interface-signals>
6554 B<untrapped>, B<any>, I<signal>, I<number>
6562 =head2 strict - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe constructs
6570 C<strict refs>, C<strict vars>, C<strict subs>
6574 =head2 subs - Perl pragma to predeclare sub names
6584 =head2 unicode::distinct - Perl pragma to strictly distinguish UTF8 data
6597 =head2 utf8 - Perl pragma to enable/disable UTF-8 in source code
6609 =head2 vars - Perl pragma to predeclare global variable names (obsolete)
6619 =head2 warnings - Perl pragma to control optional warnings
6627 use warnings::register, warnings::enabled(), warnings::enabled($category),
6628 warnings::enabled($object), warnings::warn($message),
6629 warnings::warn($category, $message), warnings::warn($object, $message),
6630 warnings::warnif($message), warnings::warnif($category, $message),
6631 warnings::warnif($object, $message)
6635 =head2 warnings::register - warnings import function
6637 =head1 MODULE DOCUMENTATION
6639 =head2 AnyDBM_File - provide framework for multiple DBMs
6649 =item DBM Comparisons
6659 =head2 AutoLoader - load subroutines only on demand
6669 =item Subroutine Stubs
6671 =item Using B<AutoLoader>'s AUTOLOAD Subroutine
6673 =item Overriding B<AutoLoader>'s AUTOLOAD Subroutine
6675 =item Package Lexicals
6677 =item Not Using AutoLoader
6679 =item B<AutoLoader> vs. B<SelfLoader>
6689 =head2 AutoSplit - split a package for autoloading
6697 $keep, $check, $modtime
6701 =item Multiple packages
6709 =head2 B - The Perl Compiler
6717 =item OVERVIEW OF CLASSES
6721 =item SV-RELATED CLASSES
6729 IV, IVX, needs64bits, packiv
6743 =item B::PVMG METHODS
6747 =item B::MAGIC METHODS
6749 MOREMAGIC, PRIVATE, TYPE, FLAGS, OBJ, PTR
6751 =item B::PVLV METHODS
6753 TARGOFF, TARGLEN, TYPE, TARG
6757 USEFUL, PREVIOUS, RARE, TABLE
6761 is_empty, NAME, STASH, SV, IO, FORM, AV, HV, EGV, CV, CVGEN, LINE, FILE,
6762 FILEGV, GvREFCNT, FLAGS
6766 LINES, PAGE, PAGE_LEN, LINES_LEFT, TOP_NAME, TOP_GV, FMT_NAME, FMT_GV,
6767 BOTTOM_NAME, BOTTOM_GV, SUBPROCESS, IoTYPE, IoFLAGS
6771 FILL, MAX, OFF, ARRAY, AvFLAGS
6775 STASH, START, ROOT, GV, FILE, DEPTH, PADLIST, OUTSIDE, XSUB, XSUBANY,
6780 FILL, MAX, KEYS, RITER, NAME, PMROOT, ARRAY
6782 =item OP-RELATED CLASSES
6786 next, sibling, name, ppaddr, desc, targ, type, seq, flags, private
6788 =item B::UNOP METHOD
6792 =item B::BINOP METHOD
6796 =item B::LOGOP METHOD
6800 =item B::LISTOP METHOD
6804 =item B::PMOP METHODS
6806 pmreplroot, pmreplstart, pmnext, pmregexp, pmflags, pmpermflags, precomp
6808 =item B::SVOP METHOD
6812 =item B::PADOP METHOD
6816 =item B::PVOP METHOD
6820 =item B::LOOP METHODS
6822 redoop, nextop, lastop
6824 =item B::COP METHODS
6826 label, stash, file, cop_seq, arybase, line
6830 =item FUNCTIONS EXPORTED BY C<B>
6832 main_cv, init_av, main_root, main_start, comppadlist, sv_undef, sv_yes,
6833 sv_no, amagic_generation, walkoptree(OP, METHOD), walkoptree_debug(DEBUG),
6834 walksymtable(SYMREF, METHOD, RECURSE), svref_2object(SV), ppname(OPNUM),
6835 hash(STR), cast_I32(I), minus_c, cstring(STR), class(OBJ), threadsv_names
6841 =head2 B::Asmdata - Autogenerated data about Perl ops, used to generate
6854 =head2 B::Assembler - Assemble Perl bytecode
6866 =head2 B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks
6878 =head2 B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend
6888 B<-ofilename>, B<-afilename>, B<-->, B<-f>, B<-fcompress-nullops>,
6889 B<-fomit-sequence-numbers>, B<-fbypass-nullops>, B<-On>, B<-D>, B<-Do>,
6890 B<-Db>, B<-Da>, B<-DC>, B<-S>, B<-upackage> Stores package in the
6901 =head2 B::C - Perl compiler's C backend
6911 B<-ofilename>, B<-v>, B<-->, B<-uPackname>, B<-D>, B<-Do>, B<-Dc>, B<-DA>,
6912 B<-DC>, B<-DM>, B<-f>, B<-fcog>, B<-fno-cog>, B<-On>, B<-llimit>
6922 =head2 B::CC - Perl compiler's optimized C translation backend
6932 B<-ofilename>, B<-v>, B<-->, B<-uPackname>, B<-mModulename>, B<-D>, B<-Dr>,
6933 B<-DO>, B<-Ds>, B<-Dp>, B<-Dq>, B<-Dl>, B<-Dt>, B<-f>,
6934 B<-ffreetmps-each-bblock>, B<-ffreetmps-each-loop>, B<-fomit-taint>, B<-On>
6946 =item Context of ".."
6950 =item Deprecated features
6958 =head2 B::Debug - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing debug info about ops
6970 =head2 B::Deparse - Perl compiler backend to produce perl code
6980 B<-l>, B<-p>, B<-q>, B<-u>I<PACKAGE>, B<-s>I<LETTERS>, B<C>, B<i>I<NUMBER>,
6981 B<T>, B<v>I<STRING>B<.>, B<-x>I<LEVEL>
6983 =item USING B::Deparse AS A MODULE
7003 =head2 B::Disassembler - Disassemble Perl bytecode
7015 =head2 B::Lint - Perl lint
7023 =item OPTIONS AND LINT CHECKS
7025 B<context>, B<implicit-read> and B<implicit-write>, B<dollar-underscore>,
7026 B<private-names>, B<undefined-subs>, B<regexp-variables>, B<all>, B<none>
7028 =item NON LINT-CHECK OPTIONS
7038 =head2 B::O, O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends
7048 =item IMPLEMENTATION
7054 =head2 B::Showlex - Show lexical variables used in functions or files
7066 =head2 B::Stackobj - Helper module for CC backend
7078 =head2 B::Stash - show what stashes are loaded
7080 =head2 B::Terse - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing terse info about ops
7092 =head2 B::Xref - Generates cross reference reports for Perl programs
7102 C<-oFILENAME>, C<-r>, C<-D[tO]>
7110 =head2 Bblock, B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks
7122 =head2 Benchmark - benchmark running times of Perl code
7136 =item Standard Exports
7138 timeit(COUNT, CODE), timethis ( COUNT, CODE, [ TITLE, [ STYLE ]] ),
7139 timethese ( COUNT, CODEHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), timediff ( T1, T2 ), timestr (
7140 TIMEDIFF, [ STYLE, [ FORMAT ] ] )
7142 =item Optional Exports
7144 clearcache ( COUNT ), clearallcache ( ), cmpthese ( COUT, CODEHASHREF, [
7145 STYLE ] ), cmpthese ( RESULTSHASHREF ), countit(TIME, CODE), disablecache (
7146 ), enablecache ( ), timesum ( T1, T2 )
7162 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
7166 =head2 ByteLoader - load byte compiled perl code
7180 =head2 Bytecode, B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend
7190 B<-ofilename>, B<-afilename>, B<-->, B<-f>, B<-fcompress-nullops>,
7191 B<-fomit-sequence-numbers>, B<-fbypass-nullops>, B<-On>, B<-D>, B<-Do>,
7192 B<-Db>, B<-Da>, B<-DC>, B<-S>, B<-upackage> Stores package in the
7203 =head2 CGI - Simple Common Gateway Interface Class
7215 =item PROGRAMMING STYLE
7217 =item CALLING CGI.PM ROUTINES
7219 =item CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT (OBJECT-ORIENTED STYLE):
7221 =item CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT FROM AN INPUT FILE
7223 =item FETCHING A LIST OF KEYWORDS FROM THE QUERY:
7225 =item FETCHING THE NAMES OF ALL THE PARAMETERS PASSED TO YOUR SCRIPT:
7227 =item FETCHING THE VALUE OR VALUES OF A SINGLE NAMED PARAMETER:
7229 =item SETTING THE VALUE(S) OF A NAMED PARAMETER:
7231 =item APPENDING ADDITIONAL VALUES TO A NAMED PARAMETER:
7233 =item IMPORTING ALL PARAMETERS INTO A NAMESPACE:
7235 =item DELETING A PARAMETER COMPLETELY:
7237 =item DELETING ALL PARAMETERS:
7239 =item DIRECT ACCESS TO THE PARAMETER LIST:
7241 =item FETCHING THE PARAMETER LIST AS A HASH:
7243 =item SAVING THE STATE OF THE SCRIPT TO A FILE:
7245 =item RETRIEVING CGI ERRORS
7247 =item USING THE FUNCTION-ORIENTED INTERFACE
7249 B<:cgi>, B<:form>, B<:html2>, B<:html3>, B<:netscape>, B<:html>,
7250 B<:standard>, B<:all>
7254 -any, -compile, -nosticky, -no_xhtml, -nph, -newstyle_urls, -oldstyle_urls,
7255 -autoload, -no_debug, -debug, -private_tempfiles
7257 =item SPECIAL FORMS FOR IMPORTING HTML-TAG FUNCTIONS
7259 1. start_table() (generates a <TABLE> tag), 2. end_table() (generates a
7260 </TABLE> tag), 3. start_ul() (generates a <UL> tag), 4. end_ul() (generates
7265 =item GENERATING DYNAMIC DOCUMENTS
7269 =item CREATING A STANDARD HTTP HEADER:
7271 =item GENERATING A REDIRECTION HEADER
7273 =item CREATING THE HTML DOCUMENT HEADER
7275 B<Parameters:>, 4, 5, 6..
7277 =item ENDING THE HTML DOCUMENT:
7279 =item CREATING A SELF-REFERENCING URL THAT PRESERVES STATE INFORMATION:
7281 =item OBTAINING THE SCRIPT'S URL
7283 B<-absolute>, B<-relative>, B<-full>, B<-path> (B<-path_info>), B<-query>
7284 (B<-query_string>), B<-base>
7286 =item MIXING POST AND URL PARAMETERS
7290 =item CREATING STANDARD HTML ELEMENTS:
7294 =item PROVIDING ARGUMENTS TO HTML SHORTCUTS
7296 =item THE DISTRIBUTIVE PROPERTY OF HTML SHORTCUTS
7298 =item HTML SHORTCUTS AND LIST INTERPOLATION
7300 =item NON-STANDARD HTML SHORTCUTS
7302 =item AUTOESCAPING HTML
7304 $escaped_string = escapeHTML("unescaped string");, $charset =
7305 charset([$charset]);, $flag = autoEscape([$flag]);
7307 =item PRETTY-PRINTING HTML
7311 =item CREATING FILL-OUT FORMS:
7315 =item CREATING AN ISINDEX TAG
7317 =item STARTING AND ENDING A FORM
7319 B<application/x-www-form-urlencoded>, B<multipart/form-data>
7321 =item CREATING A TEXT FIELD
7325 =item CREATING A BIG TEXT FIELD
7327 =item CREATING A PASSWORD FIELD
7329 =item CREATING A FILE UPLOAD FIELD
7333 =item CREATING A POPUP MENU
7335 =item CREATING A SCROLLING LIST
7339 =item CREATING A GROUP OF RELATED CHECKBOXES
7343 =item CREATING A STANDALONE CHECKBOX
7347 =item CREATING A RADIO BUTTON GROUP
7351 =item CREATING A SUBMIT BUTTON
7355 =item CREATING A RESET BUTTON
7357 =item CREATING A DEFAULT BUTTON
7359 =item CREATING A HIDDEN FIELD
7363 =item CREATING A CLICKABLE IMAGE BUTTON
7367 =item CREATING A JAVASCRIPT ACTION BUTTON
7373 1. an expiration time, 2. a domain, 3. a path, 4. a "secure" flag,
7374 B<-name>, B<-value>, B<-path>, B<-domain>, B<-expires>, B<-secure>
7376 =item WORKING WITH FRAMES
7378 1. Create a <Frameset> document, 2. Specify the destination for the
7379 document in the HTTP header, 3. Specify the destination for the document in
7382 =item LIMITED SUPPORT FOR CASCADING STYLE SHEETS
7388 =item DUMPING OUT ALL THE NAME/VALUE PAIRS
7392 =item FETCHING ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
7394 B<Accept()>, B<raw_cookie()>, B<user_agent()>, B<path_info()>,
7395 B<path_translated()>, B<remote_host()>, B<script_name()>, B<referer()>,
7396 B<auth_type ()>, B<server_name ()>, B<virtual_host ()>, B<server_port ()>,
7397 B<server_software ()>, B<remote_user ()>, B<user_name ()>,
7398 B<request_method()>, B<content_type()>, B<http()>, B<https()>
7400 =item USING NPH SCRIPTS
7402 In the B<use> statement, By calling the B<nph()> method:, By using B<-nph>
7407 multipart_init(), multipart_start(), multipart_end()
7409 =item Avoiding Denial of Service Attacks
7411 B<$CGI::POST_MAX>, B<$CGI::DISABLE_UPLOADS>, B<1. On a script-by-script
7412 basis>, B<2. Globally for all scripts>
7414 =item COMPATIBILITY WITH CGI-LIB.PL
7416 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
7420 Matt Heffron (heffron@falstaff.css.beckman.com), James Taylor
7421 (james.taylor@srs.gov), Scott Anguish <sanguish@digifix.com>, Mike Jewell
7422 (mlj3u@virginia.edu), Timothy Shimmin (tes@kbs.citri.edu.au), Joergen Haegg
7423 (jh@axis.se), Laurent Delfosse (delfosse@delfosse.com), Richard Resnick
7424 (applepi1@aol.com), Craig Bishop (csb@barwonwater.vic.gov.au), Tony Curtis
7425 (tc@vcpc.univie.ac.at), Tim Bunce (Tim.Bunce@ig.co.uk), Tom Christiansen
7426 (tchrist@convex.com), Andreas Koenig (k@franz.ww.TU-Berlin.DE), Tim
7427 MacKenzie (Tim.MacKenzie@fulcrum.com.au), Kevin B. Hendricks
7428 (kbhend@dogwood.tyler.wm.edu), Stephen Dahmen (joyfire@inxpress.net), Ed
7429 Jordan (ed@fidalgo.net), David Alan Pisoni (david@cnation.com), Doug
7430 MacEachern (dougm@opengroup.org), Robin Houston (robin@oneworld.org),
7431 ...and many many more..
7433 =item A COMPLETE EXAMPLE OF A SIMPLE FORM-BASED SCRIPT
7441 =head2 CGI::Apache - Backward compatibility module for CGI.pm
7451 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
7459 =head2 CGI::Carp, B<CGI::Carp> - CGI routines for writing to the HTTPD (or
7468 =item REDIRECTING ERROR MESSAGES
7470 =item MAKING PERL ERRORS APPEAR IN THE BROWSER WINDOW
7474 =item Changing the default message
7478 =item MAKING WARNINGS APPEAR AS HTML COMMENTS
7488 =head2 CGI::Cookie - Interface to Netscape Cookies
7496 =item USING CGI::Cookie
7498 B<1. expiration date>, B<2. domain>, B<3. path>, B<4. secure flag>
7502 =item Creating New Cookies
7504 =item Sending the Cookie to the Browser
7506 =item Recovering Previous Cookies
7508 =item Manipulating Cookies
7510 B<name()>, B<value()>, B<domain()>, B<path()>, B<expires()>
7514 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
7522 =head2 CGI::Fast - CGI Interface for Fast CGI
7530 =item OTHER PIECES OF THE PUZZLE
7532 =item WRITING FASTCGI PERL SCRIPTS
7534 =item INSTALLING FASTCGI SCRIPTS
7536 =item USING FASTCGI SCRIPTS AS CGI SCRIPTS
7540 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
7548 =head2 CGI::Pretty - module to produce nicely formatted HTML code
7558 =item Tags that won't be formatted
7560 =item Customizing the Indenting
7572 =head2 CGI::Push - Simple Interface to Server Push
7580 =item USING CGI::Push
7582 -next_page, -last_page, -type, -delay, -cookie, -target, -expires
7586 =item Heterogeneous Pages
7588 =item Changing the Page Delay on the Fly
7592 =item INSTALLING CGI::Push SCRIPTS
7594 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
7602 =head2 CGI::Switch - Backward compatibility module for defunct CGI::Switch
7612 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
7620 =head2 CPAN - query, download and build perl modules from CPAN sites
7630 =item Interactive Mode
7632 Searching for authors, bundles, distribution files and modules, make, test,
7633 install, clean modules or distributions, get, readme, look module or
7634 distribution, Signals
7642 =item The four C<CPAN::*> Classes: Author, Bundle, Module, Distribution
7644 =item Programmer's interface
7646 expand($type,@things), expandany(@things), Programming Examples
7648 =item Methods in the other Classes
7650 CPAN::Author::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Author::as_string(),
7651 CPAN::Author::email(), CPAN::Author::fullname(), CPAN::Author::name(),
7652 CPAN::Bundle::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Bundle::as_string(),
7653 CPAN::Bundle::clean(), CPAN::Bundle::contains(),
7654 CPAN::Bundle::force($method,@args), CPAN::Bundle::get(),
7655 CPAN::Bundle::inst_file(), CPAN::Bundle::inst_version(),
7656 CPAN::Bundle::uptodate(), CPAN::Bundle::install(), CPAN::Bundle::make(),
7657 CPAN::Bundle::readme(), CPAN::Bundle::test(),
7658 CPAN::Distribution::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Distribution::as_string(),
7659 CPAN::Distribution::clean(), CPAN::Distribution::containsmods(),
7660 CPAN::Distribution::cvs_import(), CPAN::Distribution::dir(),
7661 CPAN::Distribution::force($method,@args), CPAN::Distribution::get(),
7662 CPAN::Distribution::install(), CPAN::Distribution::isa_perl(),
7663 CPAN::Distribution::look(), CPAN::Distribution::make(),
7664 CPAN::Distribution::prereq_pm(), CPAN::Distribution::readme(),
7665 CPAN::Distribution::test(), CPAN::Distribution::uptodate(),
7666 CPAN::Index::force_reload(), CPAN::Index::reload(), CPAN::InfoObj::dump(),
7667 CPAN::Module::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Module::as_string(),
7668 CPAN::Module::clean(), CPAN::Module::cpan_file(),
7669 CPAN::Module::cpan_version(), CPAN::Module::cvs_import(),
7670 CPAN::Module::description(), CPAN::Module::force($method,@args),
7671 CPAN::Module::get(), CPAN::Module::inst_file(),
7672 CPAN::Module::inst_version(), CPAN::Module::install(),
7673 CPAN::Module::look(), CPAN::Module::make(),
7674 CPAN::Module::manpage_headline(), CPAN::Module::readme(),
7675 CPAN::Module::test(), CPAN::Module::uptodate(), CPAN::Module::userid()
7683 =item Finding packages and VERSION
7687 =item Floppy, Zip, Offline Mode
7693 C<o conf E<lt>scalar optionE<gt>>, C<o conf E<lt>scalar optionE<gt>
7694 E<lt>valueE<gt>>, C<o conf E<lt>list optionE<gt>>, C<o conf E<lt>list
7695 optionE<gt> [shift|pop]>, C<o conf E<lt>list optionE<gt>
7696 [unshift|push|splice] E<lt>listE<gt>>
7700 =item Note on urllist parameter's format
7702 =item urllist parameter has CD-ROM support
7710 =item POPULATE AN INSTALLATION WITH LOTS OF MODULES
7712 =item WORKING WITH CPAN.pm BEHIND FIREWALLS
7716 =item Three basic types of firewalls
7718 http firewall, ftp firewall, One way visibility, SOCKS, IP Masquerade
7720 =item Configuring lynx or ncftp for going through a firewall
7726 1), 2), 3), 4), 5), 6), 7), 8), 9), 10)
7736 =head2 CPAN::FirstTime - Utility for CPAN::Config file Initialization
7746 =head2 CPANox, CPAN::Nox - Wrapper around CPAN.pm without using any XS
7759 =head2 Carp, carp - warn of errors (from perspective of caller)
7769 =item Forcing a Stack Trace
7777 =head2 Carp::Heavy, Carp heavy machinery - no user serviceable parts inside
7779 =head2 Class::Struct - declare struct-like datatypes as Perl classes
7789 =item The C<struct()> function
7791 =item Class Creation at Compile Time
7793 =item Element Types and Accessor Methods
7795 Scalar (C<'$'> or C<'*$'>), Array (C<'@'> or C<'*@'>), Hash (C<'%'> or
7796 C<'*%'>), Class (C<'Class_Name'> or C<'*Class_Name'>)
7798 =item Initializing with C<new>
7804 Example 1, Example 2, Example 3
7806 =item Author and Modification History
7810 =head2 Config - access Perl configuration information
7818 myconfig(), config_sh(), config_vars(@names)
7830 C<_a>, C<_exe>, C<_o>
7834 C<afs>, C<alignbytes>, C<ansi2knr>, C<aphostname>, C<api_revision>,
7835 C<api_subversion>, C<api_version>, C<api_versionstring>, C<ar>, C<archlib>,
7836 C<archlibexp>, C<archname64>, C<archname>, C<archobjs>, C<awk>
7840 C<baserev>, C<bash>, C<bin>, C<bincompat5005>, C<binexp>, C<bison>,
7841 C<byacc>, C<byteorder>
7845 C<c>, C<castflags>, C<cat>, C<cc>, C<cccdlflags>, C<ccdlflags>, C<ccflags>,
7846 C<ccflags_uselargefiles>, C<ccname>, C<ccsymbols>, C<ccversion>, C<cf_by>,
7847 C<cf_email>, C<cf_time>, C<charsize>, C<chgrp>, C<chmod>, C<chown>,
7848 C<clocktype>, C<comm>, C<compress>
7852 C<CONFIGDOTSH>, C<contains>, C<cp>, C<cpio>, C<cpp>, C<cpp_stuff>,
7853 C<cppccsymbols>, C<cppflags>, C<cpplast>, C<cppminus>, C<cpprun>,
7854 C<cppstdin>, C<cppsymbols>, C<crosscompile>, C<cryptlib>, C<csh>
7858 C<d__fwalk>, C<d_access>, C<d_accessx>, C<d_alarm>, C<d_archlib>,
7859 C<d_atolf>, C<d_atoll>, C<d_attribut>, C<d_bcmp>, C<d_bcopy>,
7860 C<d_bincompat5005>, C<d_bsd>, C<d_bsdgetpgrp>, C<d_bsdsetpgrp>, C<d_bzero>,
7861 C<d_casti32>, C<d_castneg>, C<d_charvspr>, C<d_chown>, C<d_chroot>,
7862 C<d_chsize>, C<d_closedir>, C<d_const>, C<d_crypt>, C<d_csh>, C<d_cuserid>,
7863 C<d_dbl_dig>, C<d_difftime>, C<d_dirnamlen>, C<d_dlerror>, C<d_dlopen>,
7864 C<d_dlsymun>, C<d_dosuid>, C<d_drand48proto>, C<d_dup2>, C<d_eaccess>,
7865 C<d_endgrent>, C<d_endhent>, C<d_endnent>, C<d_endpent>, C<d_endpwent>,
7866 C<d_endsent>, C<d_eofnblk>, C<d_eunice>, C<d_fchmod>, C<d_fchown>,
7867 C<d_fcntl>, C<d_fcntl_can_lock>, C<d_fd_macros>, C<d_fd_set>,
7868 C<d_fds_bits>, C<d_fgetpos>, C<d_flexfnam>, C<d_flock>, C<d_fork>,
7869 C<d_fpathconf>, C<d_fpos64_t>, C<d_frexpl>, C<d_fs_data_s>, C<d_fseeko>,
7870 C<d_fsetpos>, C<d_fstatfs>, C<d_fstatvfs>, C<d_fsync>, C<d_ftello>,
7871 C<d_ftime>, C<d_Gconvert>, C<d_getcwd>, C<d_getespwnam>, C<d_getfsstat>,
7872 C<d_getgrent>, C<d_getgrps>, C<d_gethbyaddr>, C<d_gethbyname>,
7873 C<d_gethent>, C<d_gethname>, C<d_gethostprotos>, C<d_getlogin>,
7874 C<d_getmnt>, C<d_getmntent>, C<d_getnbyaddr>, C<d_getnbyname>,
7875 C<d_getnent>, C<d_getnetprotos>, C<d_getpagsz>, C<d_getpbyname>,
7876 C<d_getpbynumber>, C<d_getpent>, C<d_getpgid>, C<d_getpgrp2>, C<d_getpgrp>,
7877 C<d_getppid>, C<d_getprior>, C<d_getprotoprotos>, C<d_getprpwnam>,
7878 C<d_getpwent>, C<d_getsbyname>, C<d_getsbyport>, C<d_getsent>,
7879 C<d_getservprotos>, C<d_getspnam>, C<d_gettimeod>, C<d_gnulibc>,
7880 C<d_grpasswd>, C<d_hasmntopt>, C<d_htonl>, C<d_iconv>, C<d_index>,
7881 C<d_inetaton>, C<d_int64_t>, C<d_isascii>, C<d_isnan>, C<d_isnanl>,
7882 C<d_killpg>, C<d_lchown>, C<d_ldbl_dig>, C<d_link>, C<d_locconv>,
7883 C<d_lockf>, C<d_longdbl>, C<d_longlong>, C<d_lseekproto>, C<d_lstat>,
7884 C<d_madvise>, C<d_mblen>, C<d_mbstowcs>, C<d_mbtowc>, C<d_memchr>,
7885 C<d_memcmp>, C<d_memcpy>, C<d_memmove>, C<d_memset>, C<d_mkdir>,
7886 C<d_mkdtemp>, C<d_mkfifo>, C<d_mkstemp>, C<d_mkstemps>, C<d_mktime>,
7887 C<d_mmap>, C<d_modfl>, C<d_mprotect>, C<d_msg>, C<d_msg_ctrunc>,
7888 C<d_msg_dontroute>, C<d_msg_oob>, C<d_msg_peek>, C<d_msg_proxy>,
7889 C<d_msgctl>, C<d_msgget>, C<d_msgrcv>, C<d_msgsnd>, C<d_msync>,
7890 C<d_munmap>, C<d_mymalloc>, C<d_nice>, C<d_nv_preserves_uv>,
7891 C<d_nv_preserves_uv_bits>, C<d_off64_t>, C<d_old_pthread_create_joinable>,
7892 C<d_oldpthreads>, C<d_oldsock>, C<d_open3>, C<d_pathconf>, C<d_pause>,
7893 C<d_perl_otherlibdirs>, C<d_phostname>, C<d_pipe>, C<d_poll>,
7894 C<d_portable>, C<d_PRId64>, C<d_PRIeldbl>, C<d_PRIEUldbl>, C<d_PRIfldbl>,
7895 C<d_PRIFUldbl>, C<d_PRIgldbl>, C<d_PRIGUldbl>, C<d_PRIi64>, C<d_PRIo64>,
7896 C<d_PRIu64>, C<d_PRIx64>, C<d_PRIXU64>, C<d_pthread_yield>, C<d_pwage>,
7897 C<d_pwchange>, C<d_pwclass>, C<d_pwcomment>, C<d_pwexpire>, C<d_pwgecos>,
7898 C<d_pwpasswd>, C<d_pwquota>, C<d_qgcvt>, C<d_quad>, C<d_readdir>,
7899 C<d_readlink>, C<d_rename>, C<d_rewinddir>, C<d_rmdir>, C<d_safebcpy>,
7900 C<d_safemcpy>, C<d_sanemcmp>, C<d_sbrkproto>, C<d_sched_yield>,
7901 C<d_scm_rights>, C<d_SCNfldbl>, C<d_seekdir>, C<d_select>, C<d_sem>,
7902 C<d_semctl>, C<d_semctl_semid_ds>, C<d_semctl_semun>, C<d_semget>,
7903 C<d_semop>, C<d_setegid>, C<d_seteuid>, C<d_setgrent>, C<d_setgrps>,
7904 C<d_sethent>, C<d_setlinebuf>, C<d_setlocale>, C<d_setnent>, C<d_setpent>,
7905 C<d_setpgid>, C<d_setpgrp2>, C<d_setpgrp>, C<d_setprior>,
7906 C<d_setproctitle>, C<d_setpwent>, C<d_setregid>, C<d_setresgid>,
7907 C<d_setresuid>, C<d_setreuid>, C<d_setrgid>, C<d_setruid>, C<d_setsent>,
7908 C<d_setsid>, C<d_setvbuf>, C<d_sfio>, C<d_shm>, C<d_shmat>,
7909 C<d_shmatprototype>, C<d_shmctl>, C<d_shmdt>, C<d_shmget>, C<d_sigaction>,
7910 C<d_sigsetjmp>, C<d_socket>, C<d_socklen_t>, C<d_sockpair>,
7911 C<d_socks5_init>, C<d_sqrtl>, C<d_statblks>, C<d_statfs_f_flags>,
7912 C<d_statfs_s>, C<d_statvfs>, C<d_stdio_cnt_lval>, C<d_stdio_ptr_lval>,
7913 C<d_stdio_ptr_lval_nochange_cnt>, C<d_stdio_ptr_lval_sets_cnt>,
7914 C<d_stdio_stream_array>, C<d_stdiobase>, C<d_stdstdio>, C<d_strchr>,
7915 C<d_strcoll>, C<d_strctcpy>, C<d_strerrm>, C<d_strerror>, C<d_strtod>,
7916 C<d_strtol>, C<d_strtold>, C<d_strtoll>, C<d_strtoq>, C<d_strtoul>,
7917 C<d_strtoull>, C<d_strtouq>, C<d_strxfrm>, C<d_suidsafe>, C<d_symlink>,
7918 C<d_syscall>, C<d_sysconf>, C<d_sysernlst>, C<d_syserrlst>, C<d_system>,
7919 C<d_tcgetpgrp>, C<d_tcsetpgrp>, C<d_telldir>, C<d_telldirproto>, C<d_time>,
7920 C<d_times>, C<d_truncate>, C<d_tzname>, C<d_umask>, C<d_uname>,
7921 C<d_union_semun>, C<d_ustat>, C<d_vendorarch>, C<d_vendorbin>,
7922 C<d_vendorlib>, C<d_vfork>, C<d_void_closedir>, C<d_voidsig>, C<d_voidtty>,
7923 C<d_volatile>, C<d_vprintf>, C<d_wait4>, C<d_waitpid>, C<d_wcstombs>,
7924 C<d_wctomb>, C<d_xenix>, C<date>, C<db_hashtype>, C<db_prefixtype>,
7925 C<defvoidused>, C<direntrytype>, C<dlext>, C<dlsrc>, C<doublesize>,
7926 C<drand01>, C<dynamic_ext>
7930 C<eagain>, C<ebcdic>, C<echo>, C<egrep>, C<emacs>, C<eunicefix>,
7931 C<exe_ext>, C<expr>, C<extensions>
7935 C<fflushall>, C<fflushNULL>, C<find>, C<firstmakefile>, C<flex>,
7936 C<fpossize>, C<fpostype>, C<freetype>, C<full_ar>, C<full_csh>, C<full_sed>
7940 C<gccosandvers>, C<gccversion>, C<gidformat>, C<gidsign>, C<gidsize>,
7941 C<gidtype>, C<glibpth>, C<grep>, C<groupcat>, C<groupstype>, C<gzip>
7945 C<h_fcntl>, C<h_sysfile>, C<hint>, C<hostcat>
7949 C<i16size>, C<i16type>, C<i32size>, C<i32type>, C<i64size>, C<i64type>,
7950 C<i8size>, C<i8type>, C<i_arpainet>, C<i_bsdioctl>, C<i_db>, C<i_dbm>,
7951 C<i_dirent>, C<i_dld>, C<i_dlfcn>, C<i_fcntl>, C<i_float>, C<i_gdbm>,
7952 C<i_grp>, C<i_iconv>, C<i_ieeefp>, C<i_inttypes>, C<i_libutil>,
7953 C<i_limits>, C<i_locale>, C<i_machcthr>, C<i_malloc>, C<i_math>,
7954 C<i_memory>, C<i_mntent>, C<i_ndbm>, C<i_netdb>, C<i_neterrno>,
7955 C<i_netinettcp>, C<i_niin>, C<i_poll>, C<i_prot>, C<i_pthread>, C<i_pwd>,
7956 C<i_rpcsvcdbm>, C<i_sfio>, C<i_sgtty>, C<i_shadow>, C<i_socks>,
7957 C<i_stdarg>, C<i_stddef>, C<i_stdlib>, C<i_string>, C<i_sunmath>,
7958 C<i_sysaccess>, C<i_sysdir>, C<i_sysfile>, C<i_sysfilio>, C<i_sysin>,
7959 C<i_sysioctl>, C<i_syslog>, C<i_sysmman>, C<i_sysmode>, C<i_sysmount>,
7960 C<i_sysndir>, C<i_sysparam>, C<i_sysresrc>, C<i_syssecrt>, C<i_sysselct>,
7961 C<i_syssockio>, C<i_sysstat>, C<i_sysstatfs>, C<i_sysstatvfs>,
7962 C<i_systime>, C<i_systimek>, C<i_systimes>, C<i_systypes>, C<i_sysuio>,
7963 C<i_sysun>, C<i_sysutsname>, C<i_sysvfs>, C<i_syswait>, C<i_termio>,
7964 C<i_termios>, C<i_time>, C<i_unistd>, C<i_ustat>, C<i_utime>, C<i_values>,
7965 C<i_varargs>, C<i_varhdr>, C<i_vfork>, C<ignore_versioned_solibs>,
7966 C<inc_version_list>, C<inc_version_list_init>, C<incpath>, C<inews>,
7967 C<installarchlib>, C<installbin>, C<installman1dir>, C<installman3dir>,
7968 C<installprefix>, C<installprefixexp>, C<installprivlib>, C<installscript>,
7969 C<installsitearch>, C<installsitebin>, C<installsitelib>, C<installstyle>,
7970 C<installusrbinperl>, C<installvendorarch>, C<installvendorbin>,
7971 C<installvendorlib>, C<intsize>, C<issymlink>, C<ivdformat>, C<ivsize>,
7976 C<known_extensions>, C<ksh>
7980 C<ld>, C<lddlflags>, C<ldflags>, C<ldflags_uselargefiles>, C<ldlibpthname>,
7981 C<less>, C<lib_ext>, C<libc>, C<libperl>, C<libpth>, C<libs>, C<libsdirs>,
7982 C<libsfiles>, C<libsfound>, C<libspath>, C<libswanted>,
7983 C<libswanted_uselargefiles>, C<line>, C<lint>, C<lkflags>, C<ln>, C<lns>,
7984 C<locincpth>, C<loclibpth>, C<longdblsize>, C<longlongsize>, C<longsize>,
7985 C<lp>, C<lpr>, C<ls>, C<lseeksize>, C<lseektype>
7989 C<mail>, C<mailx>, C<make>, C<make_set_make>, C<mallocobj>, C<mallocsrc>,
7990 C<malloctype>, C<man1dir>, C<man1direxp>, C<man1ext>, C<man3dir>,
7991 C<man3direxp>, C<man3ext>
7995 C<Mcc>, C<mips_type>, C<mkdir>, C<mmaptype>, C<modetype>, C<more>,
7996 C<multiarch>, C<mv>, C<myarchname>, C<mydomain>, C<myhostname>, C<myuname>
8000 C<n>, C<need_va_copy>, C<netdb_hlen_type>, C<netdb_host_type>,
8001 C<netdb_name_type>, C<netdb_net_type>, C<nm>, C<nm_opt>, C<nm_so_opt>,
8002 C<nonxs_ext>, C<nroff>, C<nveformat>, C<nvEUformat>, C<nvfformat>,
8003 C<nvFUformat>, C<nvgformat>, C<nvGUformat>, C<nvsize>, C<nvtype>
8007 C<o_nonblock>, C<obj_ext>, C<old_pthread_create_joinable>, C<optimize>,
8008 C<orderlib>, C<osname>, C<osvers>, C<otherlibdirs>
8012 C<package>, C<pager>, C<passcat>, C<patchlevel>, C<path_sep>, C<perl5>,
8017 C<PERL_REVISION>, C<PERL_SUBVERSION>, C<PERL_VERSION>, C<perladmin>,
8018 C<perllibs>, C<perlpath>, C<pg>, C<phostname>, C<pidtype>, C<plibpth>,
8019 C<pm_apiversion>, C<pmake>, C<pr>, C<prefix>, C<prefixexp>, C<privlib>,
8020 C<privlibexp>, C<prototype>, C<ptrsize>
8024 C<quadkind>, C<quadtype>
8028 C<randbits>, C<randfunc>, C<randseedtype>, C<ranlib>, C<rd_nodata>,
8029 C<revision>, C<rm>, C<rmail>, C<runnm>
8033 C<sched_yield>, C<scriptdir>, C<scriptdirexp>, C<sed>, C<seedfunc>,
8034 C<selectminbits>, C<selecttype>, C<sendmail>, C<sh>, C<shar>, C<sharpbang>,
8035 C<shmattype>, C<shortsize>, C<shrpenv>, C<shsharp>, C<sig_count>,
8036 C<sig_name>, C<sig_name_init>, C<sig_num>, C<sig_num_init>, C<signal_t>,
8037 C<sitearch>, C<sitearchexp>, C<sitebin>, C<sitebinexp>, C<sitelib>,
8038 C<sitelib_stem>, C<sitelibexp>, C<siteprefix>, C<siteprefixexp>,
8039 C<sizesize>, C<sizetype>, C<sleep>, C<smail>, C<so>, C<sockethdr>,
8040 C<socketlib>, C<socksizetype>, C<sort>, C<spackage>, C<spitshell>,
8041 C<sPRId64>, C<sPRIeldbl>, C<sPRIEUldbl>, C<sPRIfldbl>, C<sPRIFUldbl>,
8042 C<sPRIgldbl>, C<sPRIGUldbl>, C<sPRIi64>, C<sPRIo64>, C<sPRIu64>,
8043 C<sPRIx64>, C<sPRIXU64>, C<src>, C<sSCNfldbl>, C<ssizetype>, C<startperl>,
8044 C<startsh>, C<static_ext>, C<stdchar>, C<stdio_base>, C<stdio_bufsiz>,
8045 C<stdio_cnt>, C<stdio_filbuf>, C<stdio_ptr>, C<stdio_stream_array>,
8046 C<strings>, C<submit>, C<subversion>, C<sysman>
8050 C<tail>, C<tar>, C<tbl>, C<tee>, C<test>, C<timeincl>, C<timetype>,
8051 C<touch>, C<tr>, C<trnl>, C<troff>
8055 C<u16size>, C<u16type>, C<u32size>, C<u32type>, C<u64size>, C<u64type>,
8056 C<u8size>, C<u8type>, C<uidformat>, C<uidsign>, C<uidsize>, C<uidtype>,
8057 C<uname>, C<uniq>, C<uquadtype>, C<use5005threads>, C<use64bitall>,
8058 C<use64bitint>, C<usedl>, C<useithreads>, C<uselargefiles>,
8059 C<uselongdouble>, C<usemorebits>, C<usemultiplicity>, C<usemymalloc>,
8060 C<usenm>, C<useopcode>, C<useperlio>, C<useposix>, C<usesfio>,
8061 C<useshrplib>, C<usesocks>, C<usethreads>, C<usevendorprefix>, C<usevfork>,
8062 C<usrinc>, C<uuname>, C<uvoformat>, C<uvsize>, C<uvtype>, C<uvuformat>,
8063 C<uvxformat>, C<uvXUformat>
8067 C<vendorarch>, C<vendorarchexp>, C<vendorbin>, C<vendorbinexp>,
8068 C<vendorlib>, C<vendorlib_stem>, C<vendorlibexp>, C<vendorprefix>,
8069 C<vendorprefixexp>, C<version>, C<versiononly>, C<vi>, C<voidflags>
8073 C<xlibpth>, C<xs_apiversion>
8085 =head2 Cwd, getcwd - get pathname of current working directory
8095 =head2 DB - programmatic interface to the Perl debugging API (draft,
8107 =item Global Variables
8109 $DB::sub, %DB::sub, $DB::single, $DB::signal, $DB::trace, @DB::args,
8110 @DB::dbline, %DB::dbline, $DB::package, $DB::filename, $DB::subname,
8115 CLIENT->register(), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->skippkg('D::hide'),
8116 CLIENT->run(), CLIENT->step(), CLIENT->next(), CLIENT->done()
8118 =item Client Callback Methods
8120 CLIENT->init(), CLIENT->prestop([STRING]), CLIENT->stop(), CLIENT->idle(),
8121 CLIENT->poststop([STRING]), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->cleanup(),
8122 CLIENT->output(LIST)
8132 =head2 DB_File - Perl5 access to Berkeley DB version 1.x
8140 B<DB_HASH>, B<DB_BTREE>, B<DB_RECNO>
8144 =item Using DB_File with Berkeley DB version 2 or 3
8146 =item Interface to Berkeley DB
8148 =item Opening a Berkeley DB Database File
8150 =item Default Parameters
8152 =item In Memory Databases
8160 =item A Simple Example
8168 =item Changing the BTREE sort order
8170 =item Handling Duplicate Keys
8172 =item The get_dup() Method
8174 =item The find_dup() Method
8176 =item The del_dup() Method
8178 =item Matching Partial Keys
8186 =item The 'bval' Option
8188 =item A Simple Example
8190 =item Extra RECNO Methods
8192 B<$X-E<gt>push(list) ;>, B<$value = $X-E<gt>pop ;>, B<$X-E<gt>shift>,
8193 B<$X-E<gt>unshift(list) ;>, B<$X-E<gt>length>
8195 =item Another Example
8199 =item THE API INTERFACE
8201 B<$status = $X-E<gt>get($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status =
8202 $X-E<gt>put($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>del($key [,
8203 $flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>fd ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>seq($key,
8204 $value, $flags) ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>sync([$flags]) ;>
8208 B<filter_store_key>, B<filter_store_value>, B<filter_fetch_key>,
8209 B<filter_fetch_value>
8215 =item An Example -- the NULL termination problem.
8217 =item Another Example -- Key is a C int.
8221 =item HINTS AND TIPS
8225 =item Locking: The Trouble with fd
8227 =item Safe ways to lock a database
8229 B<Tie::DB_Lock>, B<Tie::DB_LockFile>, B<DB_File::Lock>
8231 =item Sharing Databases With C Applications
8233 =item The untie() Gotcha
8237 =item COMMON QUESTIONS
8241 =item Why is there Perl source in my database?
8243 =item How do I store complex data structures with DB_File?
8245 =item What does "Invalid Argument" mean?
8247 =item What does "Bareword 'DB_File' not allowed" mean?
8267 =head2 Data::Dumper - stringified perl data structures, suitable for both
8268 printing and C<eval>
8280 I<PACKAGE>->new(I<ARRAYREF [>, I<ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Dump I<or>
8281 I<PACKAGE>->Dump(I<ARRAYREF [>, I<ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Seen(I<[HASHREF]>),
8282 I<$OBJ>->Values(I<[ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Names(I<[ARRAYREF]>),
8289 =item Configuration Variables or Methods
8291 $Data::Dumper::Indent I<or> I<$OBJ>->Indent(I<[NEWVAL]>),
8292 $Data::Dumper::Purity I<or> I<$OBJ>->Purity(I<[NEWVAL]>),
8293 $Data::Dumper::Pad I<or> I<$OBJ>->Pad(I<[NEWVAL]>),
8294 $Data::Dumper::Varname I<or> I<$OBJ>->Varname(I<[NEWVAL]>),
8295 $Data::Dumper::Useqq I<or> I<$OBJ>->Useqq(I<[NEWVAL]>),
8296 $Data::Dumper::Terse I<or> I<$OBJ>->Terse(I<[NEWVAL]>),
8297 $Data::Dumper::Freezer I<or> $I<OBJ>->Freezer(I<[NEWVAL]>),
8298 $Data::Dumper::Toaster I<or> $I<OBJ>->Toaster(I<[NEWVAL]>),
8299 $Data::Dumper::Deepcopy I<or> $I<OBJ>->Deepcopy(I<[NEWVAL]>),
8300 $Data::Dumper::Quotekeys I<or> $I<OBJ>->Quotekeys(I<[NEWVAL]>),
8301 $Data::Dumper::Bless I<or> $I<OBJ>->Bless(I<[NEWVAL]>),
8302 $Data::Dumper::Maxdepth I<or> $I<OBJ>->Maxdepth(I<[NEWVAL]>)
8322 =head2 Devel::DProf - a Perl code profiler
8330 =item PROFILE FORMAT
8342 =head2 Devel::Peek - A data debugging tool for the XS programmer
8352 =item Memory footprint debugging
8360 =item A simple scalar string
8362 =item A simple scalar number
8364 =item A simple scalar with an extra reference
8366 =item A reference to a simple scalar
8368 =item A reference to an array
8370 =item A reference to a hash
8372 =item Dumping a large array or hash
8374 =item A reference to an SV which holds a C pointer
8376 =item A reference to a subroutine
8390 =head2 Devel::SelfStubber - generate stubs for a SelfLoading module
8400 =head2 DirHandle - supply object methods for directory handles
8410 =head2 Dumpvalue - provides screen dump of Perl data.
8422 C<arrayDepth>, C<hashDepth>, C<compactDump>, C<veryCompact>, C<globPrint>,
8423 C<DumpDBFiles>, C<DumpPackages>, C<DumpReused>, C<tick>, C<HighBit>,
8424 C<printUndef>, C<UsageOnly>, unctrl, subdump, bareStringify, quoteHighBit,
8429 dumpValue, dumpValues, dumpvars, set_quote, set_unctrl, compactDump,
8430 veryCompact, set, get
8436 =head2 DynaLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code
8444 @dl_library_path, @dl_resolve_using, @dl_require_symbols, @dl_librefs,
8445 @dl_modules, dl_error(), $dl_debug, dl_findfile(), dl_expandspec(),
8446 dl_load_file(), dl_unload_file(), dl_loadflags(), dl_find_symbol(),
8447 dl_find_symbol_anywhere(), dl_undef_symbols(), dl_install_xsub(),
8454 =head2 DynaLoader::XSLoader, XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into
8467 =head2 Encode - character encodings
8477 =item chars With Encoding
8479 =item Testing For UTF-8
8481 =item Toggling UTF-8-ness
8483 =item UTF-16 and UTF-32 Encodings
8485 =item Handling Malformed Data
8489 =head2 Encode::EncodeFormat, EncodeFormat - the format of encoding tables
8490 of the Encode extension
8496 [1] B<S>, [2] B<D>, [3] B<M>, [4] B<E>
8504 =head2 EncodeFormat - the format of encoding tables of the Encode extension
8510 [1] B<S>, [2] B<D>, [3] B<M>, [4] B<E>
8518 =head2 English - use nice English (or awk) names for ugly punctuation
8531 =head2 Env - perl module that imports environment variables as scalars or
8546 =head2 Errno - System errno constants
8562 =head2 Exporter - Implements default import method for modules
8574 =item Selecting What To Export
8576 =item Specialised Import Lists
8578 =item Exporting without using Export's import method
8580 =item Module Version Checking
8582 =item Managing Unknown Symbols
8584 =item Tag Handling Utility Functions
8590 =head2 Exporter::Heavy - Exporter guts
8600 =head2 ExtUtils::Command - utilities to replace common UNIX commands in
8621 mv source... destination
8623 cp source... destination
8641 =head2 ExtUtils::Embed - Utilities for embedding Perl in C/C++ applications
8653 xsinit(), Examples, ldopts(), Examples, perl_inc(), ccflags(), ccdlflags(),
8654 ccopts(), xsi_header(), xsi_protos(@modules), xsi_body(@modules)
8664 =head2 ExtUtils::Install - install files from here to there
8674 =head2 ExtUtils::Installed - Inventory management of installed modules
8686 new(), modules(), files(), directories(), directory_tree(), validate(),
8687 packlist(), version()
8695 =head2 ExtUtils::Liblist - determine libraries to use and how to use them
8703 For static extensions, For dynamic extensions, For dynamic extensions
8709 =item LDLOADLIBS and LD_RUN_PATH
8719 =item VMS implementation
8721 =item Win32 implementation
8729 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
8738 canonpath, cflags, manifypods, perl_archive
8742 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_OS2 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
8753 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Unix - methods used by ExtUtils::MakeMaker
8765 =item Preloaded methods
8785 =item SelfLoaded methods
8831 file_name_is_absolute
8837 =item Methods to actually produce chunks of text for the Makefile
8877 maybe_command_in_dirs
8915 replace_manpage_separator
8929 test_via_harness (o)
8959 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_VMS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
8970 =item Methods always loaded
8982 =item SelfLoaded methods
8984 guess_name (override)
8988 find_perl (override)
8992 maybe_command (override)
8994 maybe_command_in_dirs (override)
8996 perl_script (override)
8998 file_name_is_absolute (override)
9000 replace_manpage_separator
9002 init_others (override)
9004 constants (override)
9008 const_cccmd (override)
9010 pm_to_blib (override)
9012 tool_autosplit (override)
9014 tool_sxubpp (override)
9016 xsubpp_version (override)
9018 tools_other (override)
9028 top_targets (override)
9032 dynamic_lib (override)
9034 dynamic_bs (override)
9036 static_lib (override)
9038 manifypods (override)
9040 processPL (override)
9042 installbin (override)
9048 realclean (override)
9050 dist_basics (override)
9052 dist_core (override)
9056 dist_test (override)
9060 perldepend (override)
9066 test_via_harness (override)
9068 test_via_script (override)
9070 makeaperl (override)
9074 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Win32 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
9101 test_via_harness (o)
9103 tool_autosplit (override)
9121 =head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker - create an extension Makefile
9131 =item How To Write A Makefile.PL
9133 =item Default Makefile Behaviour
9141 =item PREFIX and LIB attribute
9145 =item Static Linking of a new Perl Binary
9147 =item Determination of Perl Library and Installation Locations
9149 =item Which architecture dependent directory?
9151 =item Using Attributes and Parameters
9153 ABSTRACT, ABSTRACT_FROM, AUTHOR, BINARY_LOCATION, C, CAPI, CCFLAGS, CONFIG,
9154 CONFIGURE, DEFINE, DIR, DISTNAME, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, EXCLUDE_EXT,
9155 EXE_FILES, FIRST_MAKEFILE, FULLPERL, FUNCLIST, H, HTMLLIBPODS,
9156 HTMLSCRIPTPODS, IMPORTS, INC, INCLUDE_EXT, INSTALLARCHLIB, INSTALLBIN,
9157 INSTALLDIRS, INSTALLHTMLPRIVLIBDIR, INSTALLHTMLSCRIPTDIR,
9158 INSTALLHTMLSITELIBDIR, INSTALLMAN1DIR, INSTALLMAN3DIR, INSTALLPRIVLIB,
9159 INSTALLSCRIPT, INSTALLSITEARCH, INSTALLSITELIB, INST_ARCHLIB, INST_BIN,
9160 INST_EXE, INST_HTMLLIBDIR, INST_HTMLSCRIPTDIR, INST_LIB, INST_MAN1DIR,
9161 INST_MAN3DIR, INST_SCRIPT, LDFROM, LIB, LIBPERL_A, LIBS, LINKTYPE,
9162 MAKEAPERL, MAKEFILE, MAN1PODS, MAN3PODS, MAP_TARGET, MYEXTLIB, NAME,
9163 NEEDS_LINKING, NOECHO, NORECURS, NO_VC, OBJECT, OPTIMIZE, PERL, PERLMAINCC,
9164 PERL_ARCHLIB, PERL_LIB, PERL_MALLOC_OK, PERL_SRC, PERM_RW, PERM_RWX,
9165 PL_FILES, PM, PMLIBDIRS, PM_FILTER, POLLUTE, PPM_INSTALL_EXEC,
9166 PPM_INSTALL_SCRIPT, PREFIX, PREREQ_PM, SKIP, TYPEMAPS, VERSION,
9167 VERSION_FROM, XS, XSOPT, XSPROTOARG, XS_VERSION
9169 =item Additional lowercase attributes
9171 clean, depend, dist, dynamic_lib, linkext, macro, realclean, test,
9174 =item Overriding MakeMaker Methods
9176 =item Hintsfile support
9178 =item Distribution Support
9180 make distcheck, make skipcheck, make distclean, make manifest,
9181 make distdir, make tardist, make dist, make uutardist, make
9182 shdist, make zipdist, make ci
9184 =item Disabling an extension
9198 =head2 ExtUtils::Manifest - utilities to write and check a MANIFEST file
9210 =item GLOBAL VARIABLES
9214 C<Not in MANIFEST:> I<file>, C<No such file:> I<file>, C<MANIFEST:> I<$!>,
9215 C<Added to MANIFEST:> I<file>
9219 B<PERL_MM_MANIFEST_DEBUG>
9227 =head2 ExtUtils::Miniperl, writemain - write the C code for perlmain.c
9239 =head2 ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap - make a bootstrap file for use by DynaLoader
9249 =head2 ExtUtils::Mksymlists - write linker options files for dynamic
9258 DLBASE, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, FILE, FUNCLIST, IMPORTS, NAME
9266 =head2 ExtUtils::Packlist - manage .packlist files
9278 new(), read(), write(), validate(), packlist_file()
9286 =head2 ExtUtils::testlib - add blib/* directories to @INC
9296 =head2 Fatal - replace functions with equivalents which succeed or die
9308 =head2 Fcntl - load the C Fcntl.h defines
9318 =item EXPORTED SYMBOLS
9322 =head2 File::Basename, fileparse - split a pathname into pieces
9330 fileparse_set_fstype, fileparse
9334 C<basename>, C<dirname>
9338 =head2 File::CheckTree, validate - run many filetest checks on a tree
9348 =head2 File::Compare - Compare files or filehandles
9362 =head2 File::Copy - Copy files or filehandles
9372 =item Special behaviour if C<syscopy> is defined (OS/2, VMS and Win32)
9374 rmscopy($from,$to[,$date_flag])
9384 =head2 File::DosGlob - DOS like globbing and then some
9392 =item EXPORTS (by request only)
9404 =head2 File::Find, find - traverse a file tree
9412 C<wanted>, C<bydepth>, C<preprocess>, C<postprocess>, C<follow>,
9413 C<follow_fast>, C<follow_skip>, C<no_chdir>, C<untaint>,
9414 C<untaint_pattern>, C<untaint_skip>
9420 =head2 File::Glob - Perl extension for BSD glob routine
9428 C<GLOB_ERR>, C<GLOB_MARK>, C<GLOB_NOCASE>, C<GLOB_NOCHECK>, C<GLOB_NOSORT>,
9429 C<GLOB_BRACE>, C<GLOB_NOMAGIC>, C<GLOB_QUOTE>, C<GLOB_TILDE>, C<GLOB_CSH>
9433 C<GLOB_NOSPACE>, C<GLOB_ABEND>
9441 =head2 File::Path - create or remove directory trees
9453 =head2 File::Spec - portably perform operations on file names
9467 =head2 File::Spec::Epoc - methods for Epoc file specs
9501 =head2 File::Spec::Functions - portably perform operations on file names
9519 =head2 File::Spec::Mac - File::Spec for MacOS
9547 file_name_is_absolute
9567 =head2 File::Spec::OS2 - methods for OS/2 file specs
9577 =head2 File::Spec::Unix - methods used by File::Spec
9609 file_name_is_absolute
9631 =head2 File::Spec::VMS - methods for VMS file specs
9647 =item Methods always loaded
9649 canonpath (override)
9667 case_tolerant (override)
9671 file_name_is_absolute (override)
9673 splitpath (override)
9689 =head2 File::Spec::Win32 - methods for Win32 file specs
9719 =head2 File::Temp - return name and handle of a temporary file safely
9743 =item MKTEMP FUNCTIONS
9757 =item POSIX FUNCTIONS
9767 =item ADDITIONAL FUNCTIONS
9775 =item UTILITY FUNCTIONS
9783 =item PACKAGE VARIABLES
9785 B<safe_level>, STANDARD, MEDIUM, HIGH
9797 =item Temporary files and NFS
9809 =head2 File::stat - by-name interface to Perl's built-in stat() functions
9823 =head2 FileCache - keep more files open than the system permits
9835 =head2 FileHandle - supply object methods for filehandles
9843 $fh->print, $fh->printf, $fh->getline, $fh->getlines
9849 =head2 Filter::Simple - Simplified source filtering
9873 =head2 Filter::Util::Call - Perl Source Filter Utility Module
9879 use Filter::Util::Call ;
9885 =item B<use Filter::Util::Call>
9889 =item B<filter() and anonymous sub>
9891 B<$_>, B<$status>, B<filter_read> and B<filter_read_exact>, B<filter_del>
9899 =item Example 1: A simple filter.
9901 =item Example 2: Using the context
9903 =item Example 3: Using the context within the filter
9905 =item Example 4: Using filter_del
9915 =head2 FindBin - Locate directory of original perl script
9923 =item EXPORTABLE VARIABLES
9933 =head2 GDBM_File - Perl5 access to the gdbm library.
9949 =head2 Getopt::Long - Extended processing of command line options
9957 =item Command Line Options, an Introduction
9959 =item Getting Started with Getopt::Long
9963 =item Simple options
9965 =item A little bit less simple options
9967 =item Mixing command line option with other arguments
9969 =item Options with values
9971 =item Options with multiple values
9973 =item Options with hash values
9975 =item User-defined subroutines to handle options
9977 =item Options with multiple names
9979 =item Case and abbreviations
9981 =item Summary of Option Specifications
9983 !, +, s, i, f, : I<type> [ I<desttype> ]
9987 =item Advanced Possibilities
9991 =item Object oriented interface
9993 =item Documentation and help texts
9995 =item Storing options in a hash
9999 =item The lonesome dash
10001 =item Argument call-back
10005 =item Configuring Getopt::Long
10007 default, posix_default, auto_abbrev, getopt_compat, gnu_compat, gnu_getopt,
10008 require_order, permute, bundling (default: disabled), bundling_override
10009 (default: disabled), ignore_case (default: enabled), ignore_case_always
10010 (default: disabled), pass_through (default: disabled), prefix,
10011 prefix_pattern, debug (default: disabled)
10013 =item Return values and Errors
10019 =item Default destinations
10021 =item Alternative option starters
10023 =item Configuration variables
10027 =item Trouble Shooting
10031 =item Warning: Ignoring '!' modifier for short option
10033 =item GetOptions does not return a false result when an option is not
10040 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER
10044 =head2 Getopt::Std, getopt - Process single-character switches with switch
10055 =head2 I18N::Collate - compare 8-bit scalar data according to the current
10066 =head2 IO - load various IO modules
10076 =head2 IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory handles
10084 new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (),
10085 rewind (), close (), tie %hash, IO::Dir, DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ]
10095 =head2 IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles
10105 new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile
10109 open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] )
10117 =head2 IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O handles
10127 new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE )
10131 $io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines,
10132 $io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ), $io->error,
10133 $io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush ( ARGS ),
10134 $io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint
10146 =head2 IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes
10156 new ( [READER, WRITER] )
10160 reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles ()
10170 =head2 IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call
10180 mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ), remove (
10181 IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] )
10191 =head2 IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for I/O objects
10199 $io->getpos, $io->setpos, $io->setpos ( POS, WHENCE ), WHENCE=0 (SEEK_SET),
10200 WHENCE=1 (SEEK_CUR), WHENCE=1 (SEEK_END), $io->sysseek( POS, WHENCE ),
10207 =head2 IO::Select - OO interface to the select system call
10217 new ( [ HANDLES ] )
10221 add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read (
10222 [ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ),
10223 count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, ERROR [, TIMEOUT ] )
10233 =head2 IO::Socket - Object interface to socket communications
10247 accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), timeout([VAL]),
10248 sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), sockdomain, socktype, protocol, connected
10258 =head2 IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for AF_INET domain sockets
10274 sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost
10287 =head2 IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for AF_UNIX domain sockets
10301 hostpath(), peerpath()
10311 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Dir, IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory
10320 new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (),
10321 rewind (), close (), tie %hash, IO::Dir, DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ]
10331 =head2 IO::lib::IO::File, IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles
10341 new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile
10345 open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] )
10353 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Handle, IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O
10364 new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE )
10368 $io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines,
10369 $io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ), $io->error,
10370 $io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush ( ARGS ),
10371 $io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint
10383 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Pipe, IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes
10393 new ( [READER, WRITER] )
10397 reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles ()
10407 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Poll, IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call
10417 mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ), remove (
10418 IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] )
10428 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Seekable, IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for
10437 $io->getpos, $io->setpos, $io->setpos ( POS, WHENCE ), WHENCE=0 (SEEK_SET),
10438 WHENCE=1 (SEEK_CUR), WHENCE=1 (SEEK_END), $io->sysseek( POS, WHENCE ),
10445 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Select, IO::Select - OO interface to the select system
10456 new ( [ HANDLES ] )
10460 add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read (
10461 [ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ),
10462 count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, ERROR [, TIMEOUT ] )
10472 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket, IO::Socket - Object interface to socket
10487 accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), timeout([VAL]),
10488 sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), sockdomain, socktype, protocol, connected
10498 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket::INET, IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for
10499 AF_INET domain sockets
10515 sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost
10528 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket::UNIX, IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for
10529 AF_UNIX domain sockets
10543 hostpath(), peerpath()
10553 =head2 IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class
10563 new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set
10564 ( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [,
10575 =head2 IPC::Open2, open2 - open a process for both reading and writing
10589 =head2 IPC::Open3, open3 - open a process for reading, writing, and error
10602 =head2 IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object class
10612 new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ),
10613 getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ),
10614 set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N
10625 =head2 IPC::SysV - SysV IPC constants
10643 =head2 IPC::SysV::Msg, IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class
10653 new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set
10654 ( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [,
10665 =head2 IPC::SysV::Semaphore, IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object
10676 new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ),
10677 getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ),
10678 set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N
10689 =head2 Math::BigFloat - Arbitrary length float math package
10697 number format, Error returns 'NaN', Division is computed to, Rounding is
10706 =head2 Math::BigInt - Arbitrary size integer math package
10714 Canonical notation, Input, Output
10718 =item Autocreating constants
10726 =head2 Math::Complex - complex numbers and associated mathematical
10739 =item STRINGIFICATION
10743 =item CHANGED IN PERL 5.6
10749 =item ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO OR LOGARITHM OF ZERO
10751 =item ERRORS DUE TO INDIGESTIBLE ARGUMENTS
10759 =head2 Math::Trig - trigonometric functions
10767 =item TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS
10773 =item ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO
10775 =item SIMPLE (REAL) ARGUMENTS, COMPLEX RESULTS
10779 =item PLANE ANGLE CONVERSIONS
10781 =item RADIAL COORDINATE CONVERSIONS
10785 =item COORDINATE SYSTEMS
10787 =item 3-D ANGLE CONVERSIONS
10789 cartesian_to_cylindrical, cartesian_to_spherical, cylindrical_to_cartesian,
10790 cylindrical_to_spherical, spherical_to_cartesian, spherical_to_cylindrical
10794 =item GREAT CIRCLE DISTANCES
10804 =head2 NDBM_File - Tied access to ndbm files
10810 C<O_RDONLY>, C<O_WRONLY>, C<O_RDWR>
10816 =item C<ndbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...>
10820 =item BUGS AND WARNINGS
10824 =head2 Net::Ping - check a remote host for reachability
10836 Net::Ping->new([$proto [, $def_timeout [, $bytes]]]);, $p->ping($host [,
10837 $timeout]);, $p->close();, pingecho($host [, $timeout]);
10847 =head2 Net::hostent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gethost*()
10864 =head2 Net::netent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getnet*()
10881 =head2 Net::protoent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getproto*()
10896 =head2 Net::servent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getserv*()
10913 =head2 O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends
10923 =item IMPLEMENTATION
10929 =head2 ODBM_File - Tied access to odbm files
10935 C<O_RDONLY>, C<O_WRONLY>, C<O_RDWR>
10941 =item C<odbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...>
10945 =item BUGS AND WARNINGS
10949 =head2 Opcode - Disable named opcodes when compiling perl code
10961 =item Operator Names and Operator Lists
10963 an operator name (opname), an operator tag name (optag), a negated opname
10964 or optag, an operator set (opset)
10966 =item Opcode Functions
10968 opcodes, opset (OP, ...), opset_to_ops (OPSET), opset_to_hex (OPSET),
10969 full_opset, empty_opset, invert_opset (OPSET), verify_opset (OPSET, ...),
10970 define_optag (OPTAG, OPSET), opmask_add (OPSET), opmask, opdesc (OP, ...),
10973 =item Manipulating Opsets
10975 =item TO DO (maybe)
10981 =item Predefined Opcode Tags
10983 :base_core, :base_mem, :base_loop, :base_io, :base_orig, :base_math,
10984 :base_thread, :default, :filesys_read, :sys_db, :browse, :filesys_open,
10985 :filesys_write, :subprocess, :ownprocess, :others, :still_to_be_decided,
10994 =head2 Opcode::Safe, Safe - Compile and execute code in restricted
11003 a new namespace, an operator mask
11009 =item RECENT CHANGES
11011 =item Methods in class Safe
11013 permit (OP, ...), permit_only (OP, ...), deny (OP, ...), deny_only (OP,
11014 ...), trap (OP, ...), untrap (OP, ...), share (NAME, ...), share_from
11015 (PACKAGE, ARRAYREF), varglob (VARNAME), reval (STRING), rdo (FILENAME),
11016 root (NAMESPACE), mask (MASK)
11018 =item Some Safety Issues
11020 Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes
11028 =head2 Opcode::ops, ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when
11041 =head2 POSIX - Perl interface to IEEE Std 1003.1
11055 _exit, abort, abs, access, acos, alarm, asctime, asin, assert, atan, atan2,
11056 atexit, atof, atoi, atol, bsearch, calloc, ceil, chdir, chmod, chown,
11057 clearerr, clock, close, closedir, cos, cosh, creat, ctermid, ctime,
11058 cuserid, difftime, div, dup, dup2, errno, execl, execle, execlp, execv,
11059 execve, execvp, exit, exp, fabs, fclose, fcntl, fdopen, feof, ferror,
11060 fflush, fgetc, fgetpos, fgets, fileno, floor, fmod, fopen, fork, fpathconf,
11061 fprintf, fputc, fputs, fread, free, freopen, frexp, fscanf, fseek, fsetpos,
11062 fstat, ftell, fwrite, getc, getchar, getcwd, getegid, getenv, geteuid,
11063 getgid, getgrgid, getgrnam, getgroups, getlogin, getpgrp, getpid, getppid,
11064 getpwnam, getpwuid, gets, getuid, gmtime, isalnum, isalpha, isatty,
11065 iscntrl, isdigit, isgraph, islower, isprint, ispunct, isspace, isupper,
11066 isxdigit, kill, labs, ldexp, ldiv, link, localeconv, localtime, log, log10,
11067 longjmp, lseek, malloc, mblen, mbstowcs, mbtowc, memchr, memcmp, memcpy,
11068 memmove, memset, mkdir, mkfifo, mktime, modf, nice, offsetof, open,
11069 opendir, pathconf, pause, perror, pipe, pow, printf, putc, putchar, puts,
11070 qsort, raise, rand, read, readdir, realloc, remove, rename, rewind,
11071 rewinddir, rmdir, scanf, setgid, setjmp, setlocale, setpgid, setsid,
11072 setuid, sigaction, siglongjmp, sigpending, sigprocmask, sigsetjmp,
11073 sigsuspend, sin, sinh, sleep, sprintf, sqrt, srand, sscanf, stat, strcat,
11074 strchr, strcmp, strcoll, strcpy, strcspn, strerror, strftime, strlen,
11075 strncat, strncmp, strncpy, strpbrk, strrchr, strspn, strstr, strtod,
11076 strtok, strtol, strtoul, strxfrm, sysconf, system, tan, tanh, tcdrain,
11077 tcflow, tcflush, tcgetpgrp, tcsendbreak, tcsetpgrp, time, times, tmpfile,
11078 tmpnam, tolower, toupper, ttyname, tzname, tzset, umask, uname, ungetc,
11079 unlink, utime, vfprintf, vprintf, vsprintf, wait, waitpid, wcstombs,
11086 =item POSIX::SigAction
11090 =item POSIX::SigSet
11092 new, addset, delset, emptyset, fillset, ismember
11094 =item POSIX::Termios
11096 new, getattr, getcc, getcflag, getiflag, getispeed, getlflag, getoflag,
11097 getospeed, setattr, setcc, setcflag, setiflag, setispeed, setlflag,
11098 setoflag, setospeed, Baud rate values, Terminal interface values, c_cc
11099 field values, c_cflag field values, c_iflag field values, c_lflag field
11100 values, c_oflag field values
11104 =item PATHNAME CONSTANTS
11108 =item POSIX CONSTANTS
11112 =item SYSTEM CONFIGURATION
11170 =head2 Pod::Checker, podchecker() - check pod documents for syntax errors
11176 =item OPTIONS/ARGUMENTS
11182 B<-warnings> =E<gt> I<val>
11194 empty =headn, =over on line I<N> without closing =back, =item without
11195 previous =over, =back without previous =over, No argument for =begin, =end
11196 without =begin, Nested =begin's, =for without formatter specification,
11197 unresolved internal link I<NAME>, Unknown command "I<CMD>", Unknown
11198 interior-sequence "I<SEQ>", nested commands
11199 I<CMD>E<lt>...I<CMD>E<lt>...E<gt>...E<gt>, garbled entity I<STRING>, Entity
11200 number out of range, malformed link LE<lt>E<gt>, nonempty ZE<lt>E<gt>,
11201 empty XE<lt>E<gt>, Spurious text after =pod / =cut, Spurious character(s)
11206 multiple occurence of link target I<name>, line containing nothing but
11207 whitespace in paragraph, file does not start with =head, No numeric
11208 argument for =over, previous =item has no contents, preceding non-item
11209 paragraph(s), =item type mismatch (I<one> vs. I<two>), I<N> unescaped
11210 C<E<lt>E<gt>> in paragraph, Unknown entity, No items in =over, No argument
11211 for =item, empty section in previous paragraph, Verbatim paragraph in NAME
11216 collapsing newlines to blanks, ignoring leading/trailing whitespace in
11217 link, (section) in '$page' deprecated, alternative text/node '%s' contains
11230 C<Pod::Checker-E<gt>new( %options )>
11232 C<$checker-E<gt>poderror( @args )>, C<$checker-E<gt>poderror( {%opts},
11235 C<$checker-E<gt>num_errors()>
11237 C<$checker-E<gt>name()>
11239 C<$checker-E<gt>node()>
11241 C<$checker-E<gt>idx()>
11243 C<$checker-E<gt>hyperlink()>
11251 =head2 Pod::Find - find POD documents in directory trees
11263 =item C<pod_find( { %opts } , @directories )>
11265 C<-verbose =E<gt> 1>, C<-perl =E<gt> 1>, C<-script =E<gt> 1>, C<-inc =E<gt>
11272 =item C<simplify_name( $str )>
11278 =item C<pod_where( { %opts }, $pod )>
11280 C<-inc =E<gt> 1>, C<-dirs =E<gt> [ $dir1, $dir2, ... ]>, C<-verbose =E<gt>
11287 =item C<contains_pod( $file , $verbose )>
11299 =head2 Pod::Html - module to convert pod files to HTML
11309 backlink, css, flush, header, help, htmldir, htmlroot, index, infile,
11310 libpods, netscape, outfile, podpath, podroot, quiet, recurse, title,
11325 =head2 Pod::InputObjects - objects representing POD input paragraphs,
11338 package B<Pod::InputSource>, package B<Pod::Paragraph>, package
11339 B<Pod::InteriorSequence>, package B<Pod::ParseTree>
11345 =item B<Pod::InputSource>
11369 =item B<was_cutting()>
11375 =item B<Pod::Paragraph>
11381 =item Pod::Paragraph-E<gt>B<new()>
11387 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<cmd_name()>
11393 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<text()>
11399 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<raw_text()>
11405 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<cmd_prefix()>
11411 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<cmd_separator()>
11417 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<parse_tree()>
11423 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<file_line()>
11429 =item B<Pod::InteriorSequence>
11435 =item Pod::InteriorSequence-E<gt>B<new()>
11441 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<cmd_name()>
11447 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<prepend()>
11453 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<append()>
11459 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<nested()>
11465 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<raw_text()>
11471 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<left_delimiter()>
11477 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<right_delimiter()>
11483 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<parse_tree()>
11489 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<file_line()>
11495 =item Pod::InteriorSequence::B<DESTROY()>
11501 =item B<Pod::ParseTree>
11507 =item Pod::ParseTree-E<gt>B<new()>
11513 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<top()>
11519 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<children()>
11525 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<prepend()>
11531 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<append()>
11537 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<raw_text()>
11543 =item Pod::ParseTree::B<DESTROY()>
11555 =head2 Pod::LaTeX - Convert Pod data to formatted Latex
11567 =item OBJECT METHODS
11575 =item Data Accessors
11591 B<ReplaceNAMEwithSection>
11593 B<StartWithNewPage>
11607 =item Subclassed methods
11621 B<interior_sequence>
11637 =item Methods for headings
11645 =item Internal methods
11651 B<_replace_special_chars>
11657 B<_clean_latex_commands>
11673 =head2 Pod::Man - Convert POD data to formatted *roff input
11681 center, date, fixed, fixedbold, fixeditalic, fixedbolditalic, quotes,
11686 roff font should be 1 or 2 chars, not "%s", Invalid link %s, Invalid quote
11687 specification "%s", %s:%d: Unknown command paragraph "%s", Unknown escape
11688 EE<lt>%sE<gt>, Unknown sequence %s, %s: Unknown command paragraph "%s" on
11689 line %d, Unmatched =back
11699 =head2 Pod::ParseUtils - helpers for POD parsing and conversion
11713 Pod::List-E<gt>new()
11721 $list-E<gt>indent()
11729 $list-E<gt>parent()
11735 =item Pod::Hyperlink
11737 Pod::Hyperlink-E<gt>new()
11741 $link-E<gt>parse($string)
11743 $link-E<gt>markup($string)
11747 $link-E<gt>warning()
11749 $link-E<gt>file(), $link-E<gt>line()
11755 $link-E<gt>alttext()
11765 Pod::Cache-E<gt>new()
11771 $cache-E<gt>find_page($name)
11775 =item Pod::Cache::Item
11777 Pod::Cache::Item-E<gt>new()
11781 $cacheitem-E<gt>page()
11783 $cacheitem-E<gt>description()
11785 $cacheitem-E<gt>path()
11787 $cacheitem-E<gt>file()
11789 $cacheitem-E<gt>nodes()
11791 $cacheitem-E<gt>find_node($name)
11793 $cacheitem-E<gt>idx()
11803 =head2 Pod::Parser - base class for creating POD filters and translators
11815 =item QUICK OVERVIEW
11817 =item PARSING OPTIONS
11819 B<-want_nonPODs> (default: unset), B<-process_cut_cmd> (default: unset),
11820 B<-warnings> (default: unset)
11826 =item RECOMMENDED SUBROUTINE/METHOD OVERRIDES
11834 C<$cmd>, C<$text>, C<$line_num>, C<$pod_para>
11840 =item B<verbatim()>
11842 C<$text>, C<$line_num>, C<$pod_para>
11848 =item B<textblock()>
11850 C<$text>, C<$line_num>, C<$pod_para>
11856 =item B<interior_sequence()>
11862 =item OPTIONAL SUBROUTINE/METHOD OVERRIDES
11874 =item B<initialize()>
11880 =item B<begin_pod()>
11886 =item B<begin_input()>
11892 =item B<end_input()>
11904 =item B<preprocess_line()>
11910 =item B<preprocess_paragraph()>
11916 =item METHODS FOR PARSING AND PROCESSING
11922 =item B<parse_text()>
11924 B<-expand_seq> =E<gt> I<code-ref>|I<method-name>, B<-expand_text> =E<gt>
11925 I<code-ref>|I<method-name>, B<-expand_ptree> =E<gt>
11926 I<code-ref>|I<method-name>
11932 =item B<interpolate()>
11938 =item B<parse_paragraph()>
11944 =item B<parse_from_filehandle()>
11950 =item B<parse_from_file()>
11956 =item ACCESSOR METHODS
11962 =item B<errorsub()>
11974 =item B<parseopts()>
11980 =item B<output_file()>
11986 =item B<output_handle()>
11992 =item B<input_file()>
11998 =item B<input_handle()>
12004 =item B<input_streams()>
12010 =item B<top_stream()>
12016 =item PRIVATE METHODS AND DATA
12022 =item B<_push_input_stream()>
12028 =item B<_pop_input_stream()>
12034 =item TREE-BASED PARSING
12042 =head2 Pod::Plainer - Perl extension for converting Pod to old style Pod.
12062 =head2 Pod::Select, podselect() - extract selected sections of POD from
12075 =item SECTION SPECIFICATIONS
12077 =item RANGE SPECIFICATIONS
12083 =item OBJECT METHODS
12089 =item B<curr_headings()>
12101 =item B<add_selection()>
12107 =item B<clear_selections()>
12113 =item B<match_section()>
12119 =item B<is_selected()>
12125 =item EXPORTED FUNCTIONS
12131 =item B<podselect()>
12133 B<-output>, B<-sections>, B<-ranges>
12139 =item PRIVATE METHODS AND DATA
12145 =item B<_compile_section_spec()>
12151 =item $self->{_SECTION_HEADINGS}
12157 =item $self->{_SELECTED_SECTIONS}
12169 =head2 Pod::Text - Convert POD data to formatted ASCII text
12177 alt, indent, loose, quotes, sentence, width
12181 Bizarre space in item, Can't open %s for reading: %s, Invalid quote
12182 specification "%s", %s:%d: Unknown command paragraph "%s", Unknown escape:
12183 %s, Unknown sequence: %s, Unmatched =back
12195 =head2 Pod::Text::Color - Convert POD data to formatted color ASCII text
12211 =head2 Pod::Text::Overstrike - Convert POD data to formatted overstrike
12228 =head2 Pod::Text::Termcap, Pod::Text::Color - Convert POD data to ASCII
12229 text with format escapes
12243 =head2 Pod::Usage, pod2usage() - print a usage message from embedded pod
12252 C<-message>, C<-msg>, C<-exitval>, C<-verbose>, C<-output>, C<-input>,
12261 =item Recommended Use
12269 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
12273 =head2 SDBM_File - Tied access to sdbm files
12281 C<O_RDONLY>, C<O_WRONLY>, C<O_RDWR>
12287 =item C<sdbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...>
12291 =item BUGS AND WARNINGS
12295 =head2 Safe - Compile and execute code in restricted compartments
12303 a new namespace, an operator mask
12309 =item RECENT CHANGES
12311 =item Methods in class Safe
12313 permit (OP, ...), permit_only (OP, ...), deny (OP, ...), deny_only (OP,
12314 ...), trap (OP, ...), untrap (OP, ...), share (NAME, ...), share_from
12315 (PACKAGE, ARRAYREF), varglob (VARNAME), reval (STRING), rdo (FILENAME),
12316 root (NAMESPACE), mask (MASK)
12318 =item Some Safety Issues
12320 Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes
12328 =head2 Search::Dict, look - search for key in dictionary file
12338 =head2 SelectSaver - save and restore selected file handle
12348 =head2 SelfLoader - load functions only on demand
12358 =item The __DATA__ token
12360 =item SelfLoader autoloading
12362 =item Autoloading and package lexicals
12364 =item SelfLoader and AutoLoader
12366 =item __DATA__, __END__, and the FOOBAR::DATA filehandle.
12368 =item Classes and inherited methods.
12372 =item Multiple packages and fully qualified subroutine names
12376 =head2 Shell - run shell commands transparently within perl
12386 =item OBJECT ORIENTED SYNTAX
12394 =head2 Socket, sockaddr_in, sockaddr_un, inet_aton, inet_ntoa - load the C
12395 socket.h defines and structure manipulators
12403 inet_aton HOSTNAME, inet_ntoa IP_ADDRESS, INADDR_ANY, INADDR_BROADCAST,
12404 INADDR_LOOPBACK, INADDR_NONE, sockaddr_in PORT, ADDRESS, sockaddr_in
12405 SOCKADDR_IN, pack_sockaddr_in PORT, IP_ADDRESS, unpack_sockaddr_in
12406 SOCKADDR_IN, sockaddr_un PATHNAME, sockaddr_un SOCKADDR_UN,
12407 pack_sockaddr_un PATH, unpack_sockaddr_un SOCKADDR_UN
12411 =head2 Storable - persistency for perl data structures
12421 =item ADVISORY LOCKING
12425 =item CANONICAL REPRESENTATION
12427 =item ERROR REPORTING
12435 C<STORABLE_freeze> I<obj>, I<cloning>, C<STORABLE_thaw> I<obj>, I<cloning>,
12440 C<Storable::last_op_in_netorder>, C<Storable::is_storing>,
12441 C<Storable::is_retrieving>
12465 =head2 Symbol - manipulate Perl symbols and their names
12475 =head2 Sys::Hostname - Try every conceivable way to get hostname
12487 =head2 Syslog, Sys::Syslog, openlog, closelog, setlogmask, syslog - Perl
12488 interface to the UNIX syslog(3) calls
12496 openlog $ident, $logopt, $facility, syslog $priority, $format, @args,
12497 setlogmask $mask_priority, setlogsock $sock_type (added in 5.004_02),
12508 =head2 Syslog::Syslog, Sys::Syslog, openlog, closelog, setlogmask, syslog -
12509 Perl interface to the UNIX syslog(3) calls
12517 openlog $ident, $logopt, $facility, syslog $priority, $format, @args,
12518 setlogmask $mask_priority, setlogsock $sock_type (added in 5.004_02),
12529 =head2 Term::ANSIColor - Color screen output using ANSI escape sequences
12539 Invalid attribute name %s, Name "%s" used only once: possible typo, No
12540 comma allowed after filehandle, Bareword "%s" not allowed while "strict
12551 =head2 Term::Cap - Perl termcap interface
12563 =head2 Term::Complete - Perl word completion module
12571 E<lt>tabE<gt>, ^D, ^U, E<lt>delE<gt>, E<lt>bsE<gt>
12581 =head2 Term::ReadLine - Perl interface to various C<readline> packages. If
12582 no real package is found, substitutes stubs instead of basic functions.
12590 =item Minimal set of supported functions
12592 C<ReadLine>, C<new>, C<readline>, C<addhistory>, C<IN>, $C<OUT>,
12593 C<MinLine>, C<findConsole>, Attribs, C<Features>
12595 =item Additional supported functions
12597 C<tkRunning>, C<ornaments>, C<newTTY>
12605 =head2 Test - provides a simple framework for writing test scripts
12615 NORMAL TESTS, SKIPPED TESTS, TODO TESTS
12627 =head2 Test::Harness - run perl standard test scripts with statistics
12637 =item The test script output
12645 C<All tests successful.\nFiles=%d, Tests=%d, %s>, C<FAILED tests
12646 %s\n\tFailed %d/%d tests, %.2f%% okay.>, C<Test returned status %d (wstat
12647 %d)>, C<Failed 1 test, %.2f%% okay. %s>, C<Failed %d/%d tests, %.2f%% okay.
12648 %s>, C<FAILED--Further testing stopped%s>
12660 =head2 Text::Abbrev, abbrev - create an abbreviation table from a list
12672 =head2 Text::ParseWords - parse text into an array of tokens or array of
12687 =head2 Text::Soundex - Implementation of the Soundex Algorithm as Described
12704 =head2 Text::Tabs -- expand and unexpand tabs per the unix expand(1) and
12719 =head2 Text::Wrap - line wrapping to form simple paragraphs
12733 =head2 Thread - manipulate threads in Perl (EXPERIMENTAL, subject to
12744 new \&start_sub, new \&start_sub, LIST, lock VARIABLE, async BLOCK;,
12745 Thread->self, Thread->list, cond_wait VARIABLE, cond_signal VARIABLE,
12746 cond_broadcast VARIABLE, yield
12750 join, eval, detach, equal, tid, flags, done
12758 =head2 Thread::Queue - thread-safe queues
12766 =item FUNCTIONS AND METHODS
12768 new, enqueue LIST, dequeue, dequeue_nb, pending
12774 =head2 Thread::Semaphore - thread-safe semaphores
12782 =item FUNCTIONS AND METHODS
12784 new, new NUMBER, down, down NUMBER, up, up NUMBER
12788 =head2 Thread::Signal - Start a thread which runs signal handlers reliably
12800 =head2 Thread::Specific - thread-specific keys
12810 =head2 Tie::Array - base class for tied arrays
12818 TIEARRAY classname, LIST, STORE this, index, value, FETCH this, index,
12819 FETCHSIZE this, STORESIZE this, count, EXTEND this, count, EXISTS this,
12820 key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, DESTROY this, PUSH this, LIST, POP this,
12821 SHIFT this, UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST
12829 =head2 Tie::Handle, Tie::StdHandle - base class definitions for tied
12838 TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, WRITE this, scalar, length, offset, PRINT this,
12839 LIST, PRINTF this, format, LIST, READ this, scalar, length, offset,
12840 READLINE this, GETC this, CLOSE this, OPEN this, filename, BINMODE this,
12841 EOF this, TELL this, SEEK this, offset, whence, DESTROY this
12843 =item MORE INFORMATION
12845 =item COMPATIBILITY
12849 =head2 Tie::Hash, Tie::StdHash - base class definitions for tied hashes
12857 TIEHASH classname, LIST, STORE this, key, value, FETCH this, key, FIRSTKEY
12858 this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, EXISTS this, key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this
12862 =item MORE INFORMATION
12866 =head2 Tie::RefHash - use references as hash keys
12884 =head2 Tie::Scalar, Tie::StdScalar - base class definitions for tied
12893 TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, DESTROY this
12895 =item MORE INFORMATION
12899 =head2 Tie::SubstrHash - Fixed-table-size, fixed-key-length hashing
12911 =head2 Time::Local - efficiently compute time from local and GMT time
12919 =item IMPLEMENTATION
12925 =head2 Time::gmtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gmtime()
12940 =head2 Time::localtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in localtime()
12955 =head2 Time::tm - internal object used by Time::gmtime and Time::localtime
12967 =head2 UNIVERSAL - base class for ALL classes (blessed references)
12975 isa ( TYPE ), can ( METHOD ), VERSION ( [ REQUIRE ] ), UNIVERSAL::isa (
12976 VAL, TYPE ), UNIVERSAL::can ( VAL, METHOD )
12980 =head2 User::grent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getgr*()
12995 =head2 User::pwent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getpw*()
13006 =item System Specifics
13020 =head2 Win32 - Interfaces to some Win32 API Functions
13028 =item Alphabetical Listing of Win32 Functions
13030 Win32::AbortSystemShutdown(MACHINE), Win32::BuildNumber(),
13031 Win32::CopyFile(FROM, TO, OVERWRITE), Win32::DomainName(),
13032 Win32::ExpandEnvironmentStrings(STRING), Win32::FormatMessage(ERRORCODE),
13033 Win32::FsType(), Win32::FreeLibrary(HANDLE), Win32::GetArchName(),
13034 Win32::GetChipName(), Win32::GetCwd(), Win32::GetFullPathName(FILENAME),
13035 Win32::GetLastError(), Win32::GetLongPathName(PATHNAME),
13036 Win32::GetNextAvailDrive(), Win32::GetOSVersion(),
13037 Win32::GetShortPathName(PATHNAME), Win32::GetProcAddress(INSTANCE,
13038 PROCNAME), Win32::GetTickCount(), Win32::InitiateSystemShutdown,
13039 Win32::IsWinNT(), Win32::IsWin95(), Win32::LoadLibrary(LIBNAME),
13040 Win32::LoginName(), Win32::LookupAccountName(SYSTEM, ACCOUNT, DOMAIN, SID,
13041 SIDTYPE), Win32::LookupAccountSID(SYSTEM, SID, ACCOUNT, DOMAIN, SIDTYPE),
13042 Win32::MsgBox(MESSAGE [, FLAGS [, TITLE]]), Win32::NodeName(),
13043 Win32::RegisterServer(LIBRARYNAME), Win32::SetCwd(NEWDIRECTORY),
13044 Win32::SetLastError(ERROR), Win32::Sleep(TIME), Win32::Spawn(COMMAND, ARGS,
13045 PID), Win32::UnregisterServer(LIBRARYNAME)
13051 =head2 XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code
13063 =head1 AUXILIARY DOCUMENTATION
13065 Here should be listed all the extra programs' documentation, but they
13066 don't all have manual pages yet:
13092 Larry Wall <F<larry@wall.org>>, with the help of oodles