4 perltoc - perl documentation table of contents
8 This page provides a brief table of contents for the rest of the Perl
9 documentation set. It is meant to be scanned quickly or grepped
10 through to locate the proper section you're looking for.
12 =head1 BASIC DOCUMENTATION
14 =head2 perl - Practical Extraction and Report Language
40 =head2 perlfaq - frequently asked questions about Perl ($Date: 1999/05/23
49 =item perlfaq: Structural overview of the FAQ.
51 =item L<perlfaq1>: General Questions About Perl
53 =item L<perlfaq2>: Obtaining and Learning about Perl
55 =item L<perlfaq3>: Programming Tools
57 =item L<perlfaq4>: Data Manipulation
59 =item L<perlfaq5>: Files and Formats
61 =item L<perlfaq6>: Regexps
63 =item L<perlfaq7>: General Perl Language Issues
65 =item L<perlfaq8>: System Interaction
67 =item L<perlfaq9>: Networking
71 =item About the perlfaq documents
75 =item Where to get the perlfaq
77 =item How to contribute to the perlfaq
79 =item What will happen if you mail your Perl programming problems to the
86 =item Author and Copyright Information
90 =item Bundled Distributions
98 1/November/2000, 23/May/99, 13/April/99, 7/January/99, 22/June/98,
99 24/April/97, 23/April/97, 25/March/97, 18/March/97, 17/March/97 Version,
100 Initial Release: 11/March/97
104 =head2 perlbook - Perl book information
112 =head2 perlsyn - Perl syntax
122 =item Simple statements
124 =item Compound statements
132 =item Basic BLOCKs and Switch Statements
136 =item PODs: Embedded Documentation
138 =item Plain Old Comments (Not!)
144 =head2 perldata - Perl data types
158 =item Scalar value constructors
160 =item List value constructors
164 =item Typeglobs and Filehandles
172 =head2 perlop - Perl operators and precedence
182 =item Terms and List Operators (Leftward)
184 =item The Arrow Operator
186 =item Auto-increment and Auto-decrement
190 =item Symbolic Unary Operators
192 =item Binding Operators
194 =item Multiplicative Operators
196 =item Additive Operators
198 =item Shift Operators
200 =item Named Unary Operators
202 =item Relational Operators
204 =item Equality Operators
208 =item Bitwise Or and Exclusive Or
210 =item C-style Logical And
212 =item C-style Logical Or
214 =item Range Operators
216 =item Conditional Operator
218 =item Assignment Operators
222 =item List Operators (Rightward)
228 =item Logical or and Exclusive Or
230 =item C Operators Missing From Perl
232 unary &, unary *, (TYPE)
234 =item Quote and Quote-like Operators
236 =item Regexp Quote-Like Operators
238 ?PATTERN?, m/PATTERN/cgimosx, /PATTERN/cgimosx, q/STRING/, C<'STRING'>,
239 qq/STRING/, "STRING", qr/STRING/imosx, qx/STRING/, `STRING`, qw/STRING/,
240 s/PATTERN/REPLACEMENT/egimosx, tr/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds,
241 y/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds
243 =item Gory details of parsing quoted constructs
245 Finding the end, Removal of backslashes before delimiters, Interpolation,
246 C<<<'EOF'>, C<m''>, C<s'''>, C<tr///>, C<y///>, C<''>, C<q//>, C<"">,
247 C<``>, C<qq//>, C<qx//>, C<< <file*glob> >>, C<?RE?>, C</RE/>, C<m/RE/>,
248 C<s/RE/foo/>,, Interpolation of regular expressions, Optimization of
253 =item Constant Folding
255 =item Bitwise String Operators
257 =item Integer Arithmetic
259 =item Floating-point Arithmetic
267 =head2 perlsub - Perl subroutines
277 =item Private Variables via my()
279 =item Persistent Private Variables
281 =item Temporary Values via local()
283 =item Lvalue subroutines
285 =item Passing Symbol Table Entries (typeglobs)
287 =item When to Still Use local()
289 =item Pass by Reference
293 =item Constant Functions
295 =item Overriding Built-in Functions
299 =item Subroutine Attributes
307 =head2 perlfunc - Perl builtin functions
315 =item Perl Functions by Category
317 Functions for SCALARs or strings, Regular expressions and pattern matching,
318 Numeric functions, Functions for real @ARRAYs, Functions for list data,
319 Functions for real %HASHes, Input and output functions, Functions for fixed
320 length data or records, Functions for filehandles, files, or directories,
321 Keywords related to the control flow of your perl program, Keywords related
322 to scoping, Miscellaneous functions, Functions for processes and process
323 groups, Keywords related to perl modules, Keywords related to classes and
324 object-orientedness, Low-level socket functions, System V interprocess
325 communication functions, Fetching user and group info, Fetching network
326 info, Time-related functions, Functions new in perl5, Functions obsoleted
331 =item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions
333 I<-X> FILEHANDLE, I<-X> EXPR, I<-X>, abs VALUE, abs, accept
334 NEWSOCKET,GENERICSOCKET, alarm SECONDS, alarm, atan2 Y,X, bind SOCKET,NAME,
335 binmode FILEHANDLE, DISCIPLINE, binmode FILEHANDLE, bless REF,CLASSNAME,
336 bless REF, caller EXPR, caller, chdir EXPR, chmod LIST, chomp VARIABLE,
337 chomp LIST, chomp, chop VARIABLE, chop LIST, chop, chown LIST, chr NUMBER,
338 chr, chroot FILENAME, chroot, close FILEHANDLE, close, closedir DIRHANDLE,
339 connect SOCKET,NAME, continue BLOCK, cos EXPR, cos, crypt PLAINTEXT,SALT,
340 dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MASK, defined EXPR, defined, delete
341 EXPR, die LIST, do BLOCK, do SUBROUTINE(LIST), do EXPR, dump LABEL, dump,
342 each HASH, eof FILEHANDLE, eof (), eof, eval EXPR, eval BLOCK, exec LIST,
343 exec PROGRAM LIST, exists EXPR, exit EXPR, exp EXPR, exp, fcntl
344 FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, fileno FILEHANDLE, flock FILEHANDLE,OPERATION,
345 fork, format, formline PICTURE,LIST, getc FILEHANDLE, getc, getlogin,
346 getpeername SOCKET, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority WHICH,WHO, getpwnam
347 NAME, getgrnam NAME, gethostbyname NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getprotobyname
348 NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getservbyname NAME,PROTO, gethostbyaddr
349 ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER,
350 getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent, gethostent, getnetent,
351 getprotoent, getservent, setpwent, setgrent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent
352 STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent,
353 endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent, endservent, getsockname SOCKET,
354 getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, glob, gmtime EXPR, goto LABEL,
355 goto EXPR, goto &NAME, grep BLOCK LIST, grep EXPR,LIST, hex EXPR, hex,
356 import, index STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, index STR,SUBSTR, int EXPR, int, ioctl
357 FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, join EXPR,LIST, keys HASH, kill SIGNAL, LIST,
358 last LABEL, last, lc EXPR, lc, lcfirst EXPR, lcfirst, length EXPR, length,
359 link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, listen SOCKET,QUEUESIZE, local EXPR, localtime EXPR,
360 lock, log EXPR, log, lstat EXPR, lstat, m//, map BLOCK LIST, map EXPR,LIST,
361 mkdir FILENAME,MASK, mkdir FILENAME, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget KEY,FLAGS,
362 msgrcv ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS, my EXPR, my EXPR :
363 ATTRIBUTES, next LABEL, next, no Module LIST, oct EXPR, oct, open
364 FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR,LIST,
365 open FILEHANDLE, opendir DIRHANDLE,EXPR, ord EXPR, ord, our EXPR, our EXPR
366 : ATTRIBUTES, pack TEMPLATE,LIST, package NAMESPACE, package, pipe
367 READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, pop ARRAY, pop, pos SCALAR, pos, print FILEHANDLE
368 LIST, print LIST, print, printf FILEHANDLE FORMAT, LIST, printf FORMAT,
369 LIST, prototype FUNCTION, push ARRAY,LIST, q/STRING/, qq/STRING/,
370 qr/STRING/, qx/STRING/, qw/STRING/, quotemeta EXPR, quotemeta, rand EXPR,
371 rand, read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,
372 readdir DIRHANDLE, readline EXPR, readlink EXPR, readlink, readpipe EXPR,
373 recv SOCKET,SCALAR,LENGTH,FLAGS, redo LABEL, redo, ref EXPR, ref, rename
374 OLDNAME,NEWNAME, require VERSION, require EXPR, require, reset EXPR, reset,
375 return EXPR, return, reverse LIST, rewinddir DIRHANDLE, rindex
376 STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, rindex STR,SUBSTR, rmdir FILENAME, rmdir, s///, scalar
377 EXPR, seek FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, seekdir DIRHANDLE,POS, select
378 FILEHANDLE, select, select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, semctl
379 ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, send
380 SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS,TO, send SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS, setpgrp PID,PGRP, setpriority
381 WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shift ARRAY,
382 shift, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS, shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE,
383 shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, shutdown SOCKET,HOW, sin EXPR, sin, sleep
384 EXPR, sleep, sockatmark SOCKET, socket SOCKET,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL,
385 socketpair SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, sort SUBNAME LIST, sort
386 BLOCK LIST, sort LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,LIST, splice
387 ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH, splice ARRAY,OFFSET, splice ARRAY, split
388 /PATTERN/,EXPR,LIMIT, split /PATTERN/,EXPR, split /PATTERN/, split, sprintf
389 FORMAT, LIST, sqrt EXPR, sqrt, srand EXPR, srand, stat FILEHANDLE, stat
390 EXPR, stat, study SCALAR, study, sub BLOCK, sub NAME, sub NAME BLOCK,
391 substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH,REPLACEMENT, substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH, substr
392 EXPR,OFFSET, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen
393 FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE, sysopen FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, sysread
394 FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, sysread FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, sysseek
395 FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, system LIST, system PROGRAM LIST, syswrite
396 FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,
397 syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR, tell FILEHANDLE, tell, telldir DIRHANDLE, tie
398 VARIABLE,CLASSNAME,LIST, tied VARIABLE, time, times, tr///, truncate
399 FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, uc EXPR, uc, ucfirst EXPR,
400 ucfirst, umask EXPR, umask, undef EXPR, undef, unlink LIST, unlink, unpack
401 TEMPLATE,EXPR, untie VARIABLE, unshift ARRAY,LIST, use Module VERSION LIST,
402 use Module VERSION, use Module LIST, use Module, use VERSION, utime LIST,
403 values HASH, vec EXPR,OFFSET,BITS, wait, waitpid PID,FLAGS, wantarray, warn
404 LIST, write FILEHANDLE, write EXPR, write, y///
410 =head2 perlreftut - Mark's very short tutorial about references
416 =item Who Needs Complicated Data Structures?
424 =item Making References
426 =item Using References
444 =item Distribution Conditions
450 =head2 perldsc - Perl Data Structures Cookbook
456 arrays of arrays, hashes of arrays, arrays of hashes, hashes of hashes,
457 more elaborate constructs
461 =item COMMON MISTAKES
463 =item CAVEAT ON PRECEDENCE
465 =item WHY YOU SHOULD ALWAYS C<use strict>
471 =item ARRAYS OF ARRAYS
475 =item Declaration of a ARRAY OF ARRAYS
477 =item Generation of a ARRAY OF ARRAYS
479 =item Access and Printing of a ARRAY OF ARRAYS
483 =item HASHES OF ARRAYS
487 =item Declaration of a HASH OF ARRAYS
489 =item Generation of a HASH OF ARRAYS
491 =item Access and Printing of a HASH OF ARRAYS
495 =item ARRAYS OF HASHES
499 =item Declaration of a ARRAY OF HASHES
501 =item Generation of a ARRAY OF HASHES
503 =item Access and Printing of a ARRAY OF HASHES
507 =item HASHES OF HASHES
511 =item Declaration of a HASH OF HASHES
513 =item Generation of a HASH OF HASHES
515 =item Access and Printing of a HASH OF HASHES
519 =item MORE ELABORATE RECORDS
523 =item Declaration of MORE ELABORATE RECORDS
525 =item Declaration of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS
527 =item Generation of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS
539 =head2 perlrequick - Perl regular expressions quick start
549 =item Simple word matching
551 =item Using character classes
553 =item Matching this or that
555 =item Grouping things and hierarchical matching
557 =item Extracting matches
559 =item Matching repetitions
563 =item Search and replace
565 =item The split operator
573 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
577 =item Acknowledgments
583 =head2 perlpod - plain old documentation
591 =item Verbatim Paragraph
593 =item Command Paragraph
595 =item Ordinary Block of Text
599 =item Embedding Pods in Perl Modules
601 =item Common Pod Pitfalls
611 =head2 perlstyle - Perl style guide
619 =head2 perltrap - Perl traps for the unwary
637 =item Perl4 to Perl5 Traps
639 Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps, Parsing Traps, Numerical
640 Traps, General data type traps, Context Traps - scalar, list contexts,
641 Precedence Traps, General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc,
642 Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps, OS Traps, DBM Traps, Unclassified Traps
644 =item Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps
646 Discontinuance, Deprecation, BugFix, Discontinuance, Discontinuance,
647 Discontinuance, BugFix, Discontinuance, Discontinuance, BugFix,
648 Discontinuance, Deprecation, Discontinuance, Discontinuance
652 Parsing, Parsing, Parsing, Parsing
654 =item Numerical Traps
656 Numerical, Numerical, Numerical, Bitwise string ops
658 =item General data type traps
660 (Arrays), (Arrays), (Hashes), (Globs), (Globs), (Scalar String),
661 (Constants), (Scalars), (Variable Suicide)
663 =item Context Traps - scalar, list contexts
665 (list context), (scalar context), (scalar context), (list, builtin)
667 =item Precedence Traps
669 Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence,
672 =item General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc.
674 Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular
675 Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression,
678 =item Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps
680 (Signals), (Sort Subroutine), warn() won't let you specify a filehandle
686 =item Interpolation Traps
688 Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation,
689 Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation
695 =item Unclassified Traps
697 C<require>/C<do> trap using returned value, C<split> on empty string with
704 =head2 perlrun - how to execute the Perl interpreter
714 =item #! and quoting on non-Unix systems
716 OS/2, MS-DOS, Win95/NT, Macintosh, VMS
718 =item Location of Perl
720 =item Command Switches
722 B<-0>[I<digits>], B<-a>, B<-C>, B<-c>, B<-d>, B<-d:>I<foo[=bar,baz]>,
723 B<-D>I<letters>, B<-D>I<number>, B<-e> I<commandline>, B<-F>I<pattern>,
724 B<-h>, B<-i>[I<extension>], B<-I>I<directory>, B<-l>[I<octnum>],
725 B<-m>[B<->]I<module>, B<-M>[B<->]I<module>, B<-M>[B<->]I<'module ...'>,
726 B<-[mM]>[B<->]I<module=arg[,arg]...>, B<-n>, B<-p>, B<-P>, B<-s>, B<-S>,
727 B<-T>, B<-u>, B<-U>, B<-v>, B<-V>, B<-V:>I<name>, B<-w>, B<-W>, B<-X>,
734 HOME, LOGDIR, PATH, PERL5LIB, PERL5OPT, PERLLIB, PERL5DB, PERL5SHELL
735 (specific to the Win32 port), PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS, PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL,
736 PERL_ROOT (specific to the VMS port), SYS$LOGIN (specific to the VMS port)
740 =head2 perldiag - various Perl diagnostics
748 =head2 perllexwarn - Perl Lexical Warnings
756 =item Default Warnings and Optional Warnings
758 =item What's wrong with B<-w> and C<$^W>
760 =item Controlling Warnings from the Command Line
764 =item Backward Compatibility
766 =item Category Hierarchy
770 =item Reporting Warnings from a Module
782 =head2 perldebtut - Perl debugging tutorial
790 =item Looking at data and -w and w
794 =item Stepping through code
796 =item Placeholder for a, w, t, T
798 =item REGULAR EXPRESSIONS
816 =head2 perldebug - Perl debugging
822 =item The Perl Debugger
826 =item Debugger Commands
828 h [command], p expr, x expr, V [pkg [vars]], X [vars], T, s [expr], n
829 [expr], r, <CR>, c [line|sub], l, l min+incr, l min-max, l line, l subname,
830 -, w [line], f filename, /pattern/, ?pattern?, L, S [[!]regex], t, t expr,
831 b [line] [condition], b subname [condition], b postpone subname
832 [condition], b load filename, b compile subname, d [line], D, a [line]
833 command, a [line], A, W expr, W, O booloption .., O anyoption? .., O
834 option=value .., < ?, < [ command ], << command, > ?, > command, >>
835 command, { ?, { [ command ], {{ command, ! number, ! -number, ! pattern, !!
836 cmd, H -number, q or ^D, R, |dbcmd, ||dbcmd, command, m expr, man [manpage]
838 =item Configurable Options
840 C<recallCommand>, C<ShellBang>, C<pager>, C<tkRunning>, C<signalLevel>,
841 C<warnLevel>, C<dieLevel>, C<AutoTrace>, C<LineInfo>, C<inhibit_exit>,
842 C<PrintRet>, C<ornaments>, C<frame>, C<maxTraceLen>, C<arrayDepth>,
843 C<hashDepth>, C<compactDump>, C<veryCompact>, C<globPrint>, C<DumpDBFiles>,
844 C<DumpPackages>, C<DumpReused>, C<quote>, C<HighBit>, C<undefPrint>,
845 C<UsageOnly>, C<TTY>, C<noTTY>, C<ReadLine>, C<NonStop>
847 =item Debugger input/output
849 Prompt, Multiline commands, Stack backtrace, Line Listing Format, Frame
852 =item Debugging compile-time statements
854 =item Debugger Customization
856 =item Readline Support
858 =item Editor Support for Debugging
860 =item The Perl Profiler
864 =item Debugging regular expressions
866 =item Debugging memory usage
874 =head2 perlvar - Perl predefined variables
882 =item Predefined Names
884 $ARG, $_, $<I<digits>>, $MATCH, $&, $PREMATCH, $`, $POSTMATCH, $',
885 $LAST_PAREN_MATCH, $+, @LAST_MATCH_END, @+, $MULTILINE_MATCHING, $*,
886 input_line_number HANDLE EXPR, $INPUT_LINE_NUMBER, $NR, $,
887 input_record_separator HANDLE EXPR, $INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $RS, $/,
888 autoflush HANDLE EXPR, $OUTPUT_AUTOFLUSH, $|, output_field_separator HANDLE
889 EXPR, $OUTPUT_FIELD_SEPARATOR, $OFS, $,, output_record_separator HANDLE
890 EXPR, $OUTPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $ORS, $\, $LIST_SEPARATOR, $",
891 $SUBSCRIPT_SEPARATOR, $SUBSEP, $;, $OFMT, $#, format_page_number HANDLE
892 EXPR, $FORMAT_PAGE_NUMBER, $%, format_lines_per_page HANDLE EXPR,
893 $FORMAT_LINES_PER_PAGE, $=, format_lines_left HANDLE EXPR,
894 $FORMAT_LINES_LEFT, $-, @LAST_MATCH_START, @-, C<$`> is the same as
895 C<substr($var, 0, $-[0])>, C<$&> is the same as C<substr($var, $-[0], $+[0]
896 - $-[0])>, C<$'> is the same as C<substr($var, $+[0])>, C<$1> is the same
897 as C<substr($var, $-[1], $+[1] - $-[1])>, C<$2> is the same as
898 C<substr($var, $-[2], $+[2] - $-[2])>, C<$3> is the same as C<substr $var,
899 $-[3], $+[3] - $-[3])>, format_name HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_NAME, $~,
900 format_top_name HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_TOP_NAME, $^,
901 format_line_break_characters HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_LINE_BREAK_CHARACTERS,
902 $:, format_formfeed HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_FORMFEED, $^L, $ACCUMULATOR, $^A,
903 $CHILD_ERROR, $?, $OS_ERROR, $ERRNO, $!, $EXTENDED_OS_ERROR, $^E,
904 $EVAL_ERROR, $@, $PROCESS_ID, $PID, $$, $REAL_USER_ID, $UID, $<,
905 $EFFECTIVE_USER_ID, $EUID, $>, $REAL_GROUP_ID, $GID, $(,
906 $EFFECTIVE_GROUP_ID, $EGID, $), $PROGRAM_NAME, $0, $[, $], $COMPILING, $^C,
907 $DEBUGGING, $^D, $SYSTEM_FD_MAX, $^F, $^H, %^H, $INPLACE_EDIT, $^I, $^M,
908 $OSNAME, $^O, $PERLDB, $^P, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80,
909 0x100, 0x200, $LAST_REGEXP_CODE_RESULT, $^R, $EXCEPTIONS_BEING_CAUGHT, $^S,
910 $BASETIME, $^T, $PERL_VERSION, $^V, $WARNING, $^W, ${^WARNING_BITS},
911 ${^WIDE_SYSTEM_CALLS}, $EXECUTABLE_NAME, $^X, $ARGV, @ARGV, @INC, @_, %INC,
912 %ENV, $ENV{expr}, %SIG, $SIG{expr}
914 =item Error Indicators
916 =item Technical Note on the Syntax of Variable Names
924 =head2 perllol - Manipulating Arrays of Arrays in Perl
932 =item Declaration and Access of Arrays of Arrays
934 =item Growing Your Own
936 =item Access and Printing
948 =head2 perlopentut - tutorial on opening things in Perl
954 =item Open E<agrave> la shell
964 =item Mixing Reads and Writes
970 =item Open E<agrave> la C
974 =item Permissions E<agrave> la mode
978 =item Obscure Open Tricks
982 =item Re-Opening Files (dups)
984 =item Dispelling the Dweomer
988 =item Single Argument Open
990 =item Playing with STDIN and STDOUT
994 =item Other I/O Issues
998 =item Opening Non-File Files
1008 =item AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT
1014 =head2 perlretut - Perl regular expressions tutorial
1020 =item Part 1: The basics
1024 =item Simple word matching
1026 =item Using character classes
1028 =item Matching this or that
1030 =item Grouping things and hierarchical matching
1032 =item Extracting matches
1034 =item Matching repetitions
1036 =item Building a regexp
1038 =item Using regular expressions in Perl
1042 =item Part 2: Power tools
1046 =item More on characters, strings, and character classes
1048 =item Compiling and saving regular expressions
1050 =item Embedding comments and modifiers in a regular expression
1052 =item Non-capturing groupings
1054 =item Looking ahead and looking behind
1056 =item Using independent subexpressions to prevent backtracking
1058 =item Conditional expressions
1060 =item A bit of magic: executing Perl code in a regular expression
1062 =item Pragmas and debugging
1070 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1074 =item Acknowledgments
1080 =head2 perlre - Perl regular expressions
1090 =item Regular Expressions
1092 cntrl, graph, print, punct, xdigit
1094 =item Extended Patterns
1096 C<(?#text)>, C<(?imsx-imsx)>, C<(?:pattern)>, C<(?imsx-imsx:pattern)>,
1097 C<(?=pattern)>, C<(?!pattern)>, C<(?<=pattern)>, C<(?<!pattern)>, C<(?{
1098 code })>, C<(??{ code })>, C<< (?>pattern) >>,
1099 C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)>, C<(?(condition)yes-pattern)>
1103 =item Version 8 Regular Expressions
1105 =item Warning on \1 vs $1
1107 =item Repeated patterns matching zero-length substring
1109 =item Combining pieces together
1111 C<ST>, C<S|T>, C<S{REPEAT_COUNT}>, C<S{min,max}>, C<S{min,max}?>, C<S?>,
1112 C<S*>, C<S+>, C<S??>, C<S*?>, C<S+?>, C<< (?>S) >>, C<(?=S)>, C<(?<=S)>,
1113 C<(?!S)>, C<(?<!S)>, C<(??{ EXPR })>,
1114 C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)>
1116 =item Creating custom RE engines
1126 =head2 perlref - Perl references and nested data structures
1136 =item Making References
1138 =item Using References
1140 =item Symbolic references
1142 =item Not-so-symbolic references
1144 =item Pseudo-hashes: Using an array as a hash
1146 =item Function Templates
1156 =head2 perlform - Perl formats
1164 =item Format Variables
1174 =item Accessing Formatting Internals
1182 =head2 perlboot - Beginner's Object-Oriented Tutorial
1190 =item If we could talk to the animals...
1192 =item Introducing the method invocation arrow
1194 =item Invoking a barnyard
1196 =item The extra parameter of method invocation
1198 =item Calling a second method to simplify things
1200 =item Inheriting the windpipes
1202 =item A few notes about @ISA
1204 =item Overriding the methods
1206 =item Starting the search from a different place
1208 =item The SUPER way of doing things
1210 =item Where we're at so far...
1212 =item A horse is a horse, of course of course -- or is it?
1214 =item Invoking an instance method
1216 =item Accessing the instance data
1218 =item How to build a horse
1220 =item Inheriting the constructor
1222 =item Making a method work with either classes or instances
1224 =item Adding parameters to a method
1226 =item More interesting instances
1228 =item A horse of a different color
1240 =head2 perltoot - Tom's object-oriented tutorial for perl
1246 =item Creating a Class
1250 =item Object Representation
1252 =item Class Interface
1254 =item Constructors and Instance Methods
1256 =item Planning for the Future: Better Constructors
1260 =item Other Object Methods
1268 =item Accessing Class Data
1270 =item Debugging Methods
1272 =item Class Destructors
1274 =item Documenting the Interface
1284 =item Overridden Methods
1286 =item Multiple Inheritance
1288 =item UNIVERSAL: The Root of All Objects
1292 =item Alternate Object Representations
1296 =item Arrays as Objects
1298 =item Closures as Objects
1302 =item AUTOLOAD: Proxy Methods
1306 =item Autoloaded Data Methods
1308 =item Inherited Autoloaded Data Methods
1312 =item Metaclassical Tools
1318 =item Data Members as Variables
1326 =item Object Terminology
1332 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1338 =item Acknowledgments
1344 =head2 perltootc - Tom's OO Tutorial for Class Data in Perl
1350 =item Class Data in a Can
1352 =item Class Data as Package Variables
1356 =item Putting All Your Eggs in One Basket
1358 =item Inheritance Concerns
1360 =item The Eponymous Meta-Object
1362 =item Indirect References to Class Data
1364 =item Monadic Classes
1366 =item Translucent Attributes
1370 =item Class Data as Lexical Variables
1374 =item Privacy and Responsibility
1376 =item File-Scoped Lexicals
1378 =item More Inheritance Concerns
1380 =item Locking the Door and Throwing Away the Key
1382 =item Translucency Revisited
1390 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1392 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
1398 =head2 perlobj - Perl objects
1406 =item An Object is Simply a Reference
1408 =item A Class is Simply a Package
1410 =item A Method is Simply a Subroutine
1412 =item Method Invocation
1414 =item Indirect Object Syntax
1416 =item Default UNIVERSAL methods
1418 isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] )
1424 =item Two-Phased Garbage Collection
1432 =head2 perlbot - Bag'o Object Tricks (the BOT)
1438 =item OO SCALING TIPS
1440 =item INSTANCE VARIABLES
1442 =item SCALAR INSTANCE VARIABLES
1444 =item INSTANCE VARIABLE INHERITANCE
1446 =item OBJECT RELATIONSHIPS
1448 =item OVERRIDING SUPERCLASS METHODS
1450 =item USING RELATIONSHIP WITH SDBM
1452 =item THINKING OF CODE REUSE
1454 =item CLASS CONTEXT AND THE OBJECT
1456 =item INHERITING A CONSTRUCTOR
1462 =head2 perltie - how to hide an object class in a simple variable
1474 TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, UNTIE this,
1479 TIEARRAY classname, LIST, FETCH this, index, STORE this, index, value,
1480 FETCHSIZE this, STORESIZE this, count, EXTEND this, count, EXISTS this,
1481 key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, PUSH this, LIST, POP this, SHIFT this,
1482 UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST, UNTIE this, DESTROY
1487 USER, HOME, CLOBBER, LIST, TIEHASH classname, LIST, FETCH this, key, STORE
1488 this, key, value, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, EXISTS this, key, FIRSTKEY
1489 this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, UNTIE this, DESTROY this
1491 =item Tying FileHandles
1493 TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, WRITE this, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this,
1494 LIST, READ this, LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, CLOSE this, UNTIE this,
1499 =item The C<untie> Gotcha
1511 =head2 perlipc - Perl interprocess communication (signals, fifos, pipes,
1512 safe subprocesses, sockets, and semaphores)
1528 =item Using open() for IPC
1534 =item Background Processes
1536 =item Complete Dissociation of Child from Parent
1538 =item Safe Pipe Opens
1540 =item Bidirectional Communication with Another Process
1542 =item Bidirectional Communication with Yourself
1546 =item Sockets: Client/Server Communication
1550 =item Internet Line Terminators
1552 =item Internet TCP Clients and Servers
1554 =item Unix-Domain TCP Clients and Servers
1558 =item TCP Clients with IO::Socket
1562 =item A Simple Client
1564 C<Proto>, C<PeerAddr>, C<PeerPort>
1566 =item A Webget Client
1568 =item Interactive Client with IO::Socket
1572 =item TCP Servers with IO::Socket
1574 Proto, LocalPort, Listen, Reuse
1576 =item UDP: Message Passing
1590 =head2 perlfork - Perl's fork() emulation (EXPERIMENTAL, subject to change)
1600 =item Behavior of other Perl features in forked pseudo-processes
1602 $$ or $PROCESS_ID, %ENV, chdir() and all other builtins that accept
1603 filenames, wait() and waitpid(), kill(), exec(), exit(), Open handles to
1604 files, directories and network sockets
1606 =item Resource limits
1608 =item Killing the parent process
1610 =item Lifetime of the parent process and pseudo-processes
1612 =item CAVEATS AND LIMITATIONS
1614 BEGIN blocks, Open filehandles, Forking pipe open() not yet implemented,
1615 Global state maintained by XSUBs, Interpreter embedded in larger
1616 application, Thread-safety of extensions
1628 =head2 perlnumber - semantics of numbers and numeric operations in Perl
1636 =item Storing numbers
1638 =item Numeric operators and numeric conversions
1640 =item Flavors of Perl numeric operations
1642 Arithmetic operators except, C<no integer>, Arithmetic operators except,
1643 C<use integer>, Bitwise operators, C<no integer>, Bitwise operators, C<use
1644 integer>, Operators which expect an integer, Operators which expect a
1653 =head2 perlthrtut - tutorial on threads in Perl
1659 =item What Is A Thread Anyway?
1661 =item Threaded Program Models
1673 =item Native threads
1675 =item What kind of threads are perl threads?
1677 =item Threadsafe Modules
1683 =item Basic Thread Support
1685 =item Creating Threads
1687 =item Giving up control
1689 =item Waiting For A Thread To Exit
1691 =item Errors In Threads
1693 =item Ignoring A Thread
1697 =item Threads And Data
1701 =item Shared And Unshared Data
1703 =item Thread Pitfall: Races
1705 =item Controlling access: lock()
1707 =item Thread Pitfall: Deadlocks
1709 =item Queues: Passing Data Around
1713 =item Threads And Code
1717 =item Semaphores: Synchronizing Data Access
1719 Basic semaphores, Advanced Semaphores
1721 =item Attributes: Restricting Access To Subroutines
1723 =item Subroutine Locks
1727 =item Locking A Subroutine
1731 =item General Thread Utility Routines
1735 =item What Thread Am I In?
1739 =item Are These Threads The Same?
1741 =item What Threads Are Running?
1745 =item A Complete Example
1753 =item Introductory Texts
1755 =item OS-Related References
1757 =item Other References
1761 =item Acknowledgements
1769 =head2 perlport - Writing portable Perl
1775 Not all Perl programs have to be portable, Nearly all of Perl already I<is>
1784 =item Numbers endianness and Width
1786 =item Files and Filesystems
1788 =item System Interaction
1790 =item Interprocess Communication (IPC)
1792 =item External Subroutines (XS)
1794 =item Standard Modules
1798 =item Character sets and character encoding
1800 =item Internationalisation
1802 =item System Resources
1812 Mailing list: cpan-testers@perl.org, Testing results:
1813 http://testers.cpan.org/
1821 =item DOS and Derivatives
1829 =item EBCDIC Platforms
1837 =item FUNCTION IMPLEMENTATIONS
1841 =item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions
1843 -I<X> FILEHANDLE, -I<X> EXPR, -I<X>, alarm SECONDS, alarm, binmode
1844 FILEHANDLE, chmod LIST, chown LIST, chroot FILENAME, chroot, crypt
1845 PLAINTEXT,SALT, dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MODE, dump LABEL, exec
1846 LIST, fcntl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, flock FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, fork,
1847 getlogin, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority WHICH,WHO, getpwnam NAME,
1848 getgrnam NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getnetbyaddr
1849 ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER, getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent,
1850 getgrent, gethostent, getnetent, getprotoent, getservent, setpwent,
1851 setgrent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN,
1852 setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent, endhostent, endnetent,
1853 endprotoent, endservent, getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, glob,
1854 ioctl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, kill SIGNAL, LIST, link OLDFILE,NEWFILE,
1855 lstat FILEHANDLE, lstat EXPR, lstat, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget KEY,FLAGS,
1856 msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS, msgrcv ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR,
1857 open FILEHANDLE, pipe READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, readlink EXPR, readlink,
1858 select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, semctl ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget
1859 KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, setgrent, setpgrp PID,PGRP,
1860 setpriority WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setpwent, setsockopt
1861 SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS,
1862 shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE, shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, sockatmark SOCKET,
1863 socketpair SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, stat FILEHANDLE, stat
1864 EXPR, stat, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen
1865 FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, system LIST, times, truncate
1866 FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, umask EXPR, umask, utime LIST,
1867 wait, waitpid PID,FLAGS
1873 v1.48, 02 February 2001, v1.47, 22 March 2000, v1.46, 12 February 2000,
1874 v1.45, 20 December 1999, v1.44, 19 July 1999, v1.43, 24 May 1999, v1.42, 22
1875 May 1999, v1.41, 19 May 1999, v1.40, 11 April 1999, v1.39, 11 February
1876 1999, v1.38, 31 December 1998, v1.37, 19 December 1998, v1.36, 9 September
1877 1998, v1.35, 13 August 1998, v1.33, 06 August 1998, v1.32, 05 August 1998,
1878 v1.30, 03 August 1998, v1.23, 10 July 1998
1880 =item Supported Platforms
1884 =item AUTHORS / CONTRIBUTORS
1890 =head2 perllocale - Perl locale handling (internationalization and
1897 =item PREPARING TO USE LOCALES
1903 =item The use locale pragma
1905 =item The setlocale function
1907 =item Finding locales
1909 =item LOCALE PROBLEMS
1911 =item Temporarily fixing locale problems
1913 =item Permanently fixing locale problems
1915 =item Permanently fixing your system's locale configuration
1917 =item Fixing system locale configuration
1919 =item The localeconv function
1923 =item LOCALE CATEGORIES
1927 =item Category LC_COLLATE: Collation
1929 =item Category LC_CTYPE: Character Types
1931 =item Category LC_NUMERIC: Numeric Formatting
1933 =item Category LC_MONETARY: Formatting of monetary amounts
1937 =item Other categories
1945 PERL_BADLANG, LC_ALL, LANGUAGE, LC_CTYPE, LC_COLLATE, LC_MONETARY,
1946 LC_NUMERIC, LC_TIME, LANG
1952 =item Backward compatibility
1954 =item I18N:Collate obsolete
1956 =item Sort speed and memory use impacts
1958 =item write() and LC_NUMERIC
1960 =item Freely available locale definitions
1964 =item An imperfect standard
1972 =item Broken systems
1982 =head2 perlunicode - Unicode support in Perl
1990 =item Important Caveats
1992 Input and Output Disciplines, Regular Expressions, C<use utf8> still needed
1993 to enable a few features
1995 =item Byte and Character semantics
1997 =item Effects of character semantics
1999 =item Character encodings for input and output
2009 =head2 perlebcdic - Considerations for running Perl on EBCDIC platforms
2015 =item COMMON CHARACTER CODE SETS
2023 =item Latin 1 (ISO 8859-1)
2027 =item 13 variant characters
2035 =item Unicode and UTF
2039 =item SINGLE OCTET TABLES
2041 recipe 0, recipe 1, recipe 2, recipe 3, recipe 4, recipe 5, recipe 6
2043 =item IDENTIFYING CHARACTER CODE SETS
2057 =item OPERATOR DIFFERENCES
2059 =item FUNCTION DIFFERENCES
2061 chr(), ord(), pack(), print(), printf(), sort(), sprintf(), unpack()
2063 =item REGULAR EXPRESSION DIFFERENCES
2071 =item Ignore ASCII vs. EBCDIC sort differences.
2073 =item MONO CASE then sort data.
2075 =item Convert, sort data, then re convert.
2077 =item Perform sorting on one type of machine only.
2081 =item TRANSFORMATION FORMATS
2085 =item URL decoding and encoding
2087 =item uu encoding and decoding
2089 =item Quoted-Printable encoding and decoding
2091 =item Caesarian ciphers
2095 =item Hashing order and checksums
2099 =item MULTI OCTET CHARACTER SETS
2111 chcp, dataset access, OS/390, z/OS iconv, locales
2131 =head2 perlsec - Perl security
2139 =item Laundering and Detecting Tainted Data
2141 =item Switches On the "#!" Line
2143 =item Cleaning Up Your Path
2147 =item Protecting Your Programs
2155 =head2 perlmod - Perl modules (packages and symbol tables)
2167 =item Package Constructors and Destructors
2179 =head2 perlmodlib - constructing new Perl modules and finding existing ones
2185 =item THE PERL MODULE LIBRARY
2189 =item Pragmatic Modules
2191 attributes, attrs, autouse, base, blib, bytes, charnames, constant,
2192 diagnostics, fields, filetest, integer, less, locale, open, ops, overload,
2193 re, sigtrap, strict, subs, unicode::distinct, utf8, vars, warnings,
2196 =item Standard Modules
2198 AnyDBM_File, AutoLoader, AutoSplit, B, B::Asmdata, B::Assembler, B::Bblock,
2199 B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Concise, B::Debug, B::Deparse,
2200 B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex, B::Stackobj, B::Stash, B::Terse,
2201 B::Xref, Benchmark, ByteLoader, CGI, CGI::Apache, CGI::Carp, CGI::Cookie,
2202 CGI::Fast, CGI::Pretty, CGI::Push, CGI::Switch, CGI::Util, CPAN,
2203 CPAN::FirstTime, CPAN::Nox, Carp, Carp::Heavy, Class::ISA, Class::Struct,
2204 Cwd, DB, DB_File, Devel::SelfStubber, Digest, DirHandle, Dumpvalue, Encode,
2205 Encode::EncodeFormat, Encode::Tcl, English, Env, Exporter, Exporter::Heavy,
2206 ExtUtils::Command, ExtUtils::Embed, ExtUtils::Install, ExtUtils::Installed,
2207 ExtUtils::Liblist, ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin, ExtUtils::MM_OS2,
2208 ExtUtils::MM_Unix, ExtUtils::MM_VMS, ExtUtils::MM_Win32,
2209 ExtUtils::MakeMaker, ExtUtils::Manifest, ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap,
2210 ExtUtils::Mksymlists, ExtUtils::Packlist, ExtUtils::testlib, Fatal, Fcntl,
2211 File::Basename, File::CheckTree, File::Compare, File::Copy, File::DosGlob,
2212 File::Find, File::Path, File::Spec, File::Spec::Epoc,
2213 File::Spec::Functions, File::Spec::Mac, File::Spec::OS2, File::Spec::Unix,
2214 File::Spec::VMS, File::Spec::Win32, File::Temp, File::stat, FileCache,
2215 FileHandle, Filter::Simple, FindBin, Getopt::Long, Getopt::Std,
2216 I18N::Collate, IO, IPC::Open2, IPC::Open3, Locale::Constants,
2217 Locale::Country, Locale::Currency, Locale::Language, Math::BigFloat,
2218 Math::BigInt, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, NDBM_File, NEXT, Net::Ping,
2219 Net::hostent, Net::netent, Net::protoent, Net::servent, O, ODBM_File,
2220 Opcode, POSIX, PerlIO, Pod::Checker, Pod::Find, Pod::Html,
2221 Pod::InputObjects, Pod::LaTeX, Pod::Man, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Parser,
2222 Pod::Plainer, Pod::Select, Pod::Text, Pod::Text::Color,
2223 Pod::Text::Overstrike, Pod::Text::Termcap, Pod::Usage, SDBM_File, Safe,
2224 Search::Dict, SelectSaver, SelfLoader, Shell, Socket, Storable, Switch,
2225 Symbol, Term::ANSIColor, Term::Cap, Term::Complete, Term::ReadLine, Test,
2226 Test::Harness, Text::Abbrev, Text::Balanced, Text::ParseWords,
2227 Text::Soundex, Text::Tabs, Text::Wrap, Tie::Array, Tie::Handle, Tie::Hash,
2228 Tie::RefHash, Tie::Scalar, Tie::SubstrHash, Time::Local, Time::gmtime,
2229 Time::localtime, Time::tm, UNIVERSAL, User::grent, User::pwent, Win32
2231 =item Extension Modules
2243 =item Central America
2255 =item Modules: Creation, Use, and Abuse
2259 =item Guidelines for Module Creation
2261 Adding a Copyright Notice
2263 =item Guidelines for Converting Perl 4 Library Scripts into Modules
2265 =item Guidelines for Reusing Application Code
2273 =head2 perlmodinstall - Installing CPAN Modules
2283 B<DECOMPRESS> the file, B<UNPACK> the file into a directory, B<BUILD> the
2284 module (sometimes unnecessary), B<INSTALL> the module
2298 =head2 perlnewmod - preparing a new module for distribution
2308 =item What should I make into a module?
2310 =item Step-by-step: Preparing the ground
2312 Look around, Check it's new, Discuss the need, Choose a name, Check again
2314 =item Step-by-step: Making the module
2316 Start with F<h2xs>, Use L<strict|strict> and L<warnings|warnings>, Use
2317 L<Carp|Carp>, Use L<Exporter|Exporter> - wisely!, Use L<plain old
2318 documentation|perlpod>, Write tests, Write the README
2320 =item Step-by-step: Distributing your module
2322 Get a CPAN user ID, C<perl Makefile.PL; make test; make dist>, Upload the
2323 tarball, Announce to the modules list, Announce to clpa, Fix bugs!
2333 =head2 perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl ($Revision: 1.23 $, $Date:
2334 1999/05/23 16:08:30 $)
2344 =item Who supports Perl? Who develops it? Why is it free?
2346 =item Which version of Perl should I use?
2348 =item What are perl4 and perl5?
2350 =item What is perl6?
2352 =item How stable is Perl?
2354 =item Is Perl difficult to learn?
2356 =item How does Perl compare with other languages like Java, Python, REXX,
2359 =item Can I do [task] in Perl?
2361 =item When shouldn't I program in Perl?
2363 =item What's the difference between "perl" and "Perl"?
2365 =item Is it a Perl program or a Perl script?
2367 =item What is a JAPH?
2369 =item Where can I get a list of Larry Wall witticisms?
2371 =item How can I convince my sysadmin/supervisor/employees to use version
2372 5/5.005/Perl instead of some other language?
2376 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
2380 =head2 perlfaq2 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl ($Revision: 1.32 $,
2381 $Date: 1999/10/14 18:46:09 $)
2389 =item What machines support Perl? Where do I get it?
2391 =item How can I get a binary version of Perl?
2393 =item I don't have a C compiler on my system. How can I compile perl?
2395 =item I copied the Perl binary from one machine to another, but scripts
2398 =item I grabbed the sources and tried to compile but gdbm/dynamic
2399 loading/malloc/linking/... failed. How do I make it work?
2401 =item What modules and extensions are available for Perl? What is CPAN?
2402 What does CPAN/src/... mean?
2404 =item Is there an ISO or ANSI certified version of Perl?
2406 =item Where can I get information on Perl?
2408 =item What are the Perl newsgroups on Usenet? Where do I post questions?
2410 =item Where should I post source code?
2414 References, Tutorials, Task-Oriented, Special Topics
2416 =item Perl in Magazines
2418 =item Perl on the Net: FTP and WWW Access
2420 =item What mailing lists are there for Perl?
2422 =item Archives of comp.lang.perl.misc
2424 =item Where can I buy a commercial version of Perl?
2426 =item Where do I send bug reports?
2428 =item What is perl.com? Perl Mongers? pm.org? perl.org?
2432 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
2436 =head2 perlfaq3 - Programming Tools ($Revision: 1.38 $, $Date: 1999/05/23
2445 =item How do I do (anything)?
2447 =item How can I use Perl interactively?
2449 =item Is there a Perl shell?
2451 =item How do I debug my Perl programs?
2453 =item How do I profile my Perl programs?
2455 =item How do I cross-reference my Perl programs?
2457 =item Is there a pretty-printer (formatter) for Perl?
2459 =item Is there a ctags for Perl?
2461 =item Is there an IDE or Windows Perl Editor?
2463 Komodo, The Object System, Open Perl IDE, PerlBuilder, visiPerl+,
2464 CodeMagicCD, GNU Emacs, MicroEMACS, XEmacs, Elvis, Vile, Vim, Codewright,
2465 MultiEdit, SlickEdit, Bash, Ksh, Tcsh, Zsh, BBEdit and BBEdit Lite, Alpha
2467 =item Where can I get Perl macros for vi?
2469 =item Where can I get perl-mode for emacs?
2471 =item How can I use curses with Perl?
2473 =item How can I use X or Tk with Perl?
2475 =item How can I generate simple menus without using CGI or Tk?
2477 =item What is undump?
2479 =item How can I make my Perl program run faster?
2481 =item How can I make my Perl program take less memory?
2483 =item Is it unsafe to return a pointer to local data?
2485 =item How can I free an array or hash so my program shrinks?
2487 =item How can I make my CGI script more efficient?
2489 =item How can I hide the source for my Perl program?
2491 =item How can I compile my Perl program into byte code or C?
2493 =item How can I compile Perl into Java?
2495 =item How can I get C<#!perl> to work on [MS-DOS,NT,...]?
2497 =item Can I write useful Perl programs on the command line?
2499 =item Why don't Perl one-liners work on my DOS/Mac/VMS system?
2501 =item Where can I learn about CGI or Web programming in Perl?
2503 =item Where can I learn about object-oriented Perl programming?
2505 =item Where can I learn about linking C with Perl? [h2xs, xsubpp]
2507 =item I've read perlembed, perlguts, etc., but I can't embed perl in
2508 my C program; what am I doing wrong?
2510 =item When I tried to run my script, I got this message. What does it
2513 =item What's MakeMaker?
2517 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
2521 =head2 perlfaq4 - Data Manipulation ($Revision: 1.49 $, $Date: 1999/05/23
2532 =item Why am I getting long decimals (eg, 19.9499999999999) instead of the
2533 numbers I should be getting (eg, 19.95)?
2535 =item Why isn't my octal data interpreted correctly?
2537 =item Does Perl have a round() function? What about ceil() and floor()?
2540 =item How do I convert bits into ints?
2542 =item Why doesn't & work the way I want it to?
2544 =item How do I multiply matrices?
2546 =item How do I perform an operation on a series of integers?
2548 =item How can I output Roman numerals?
2550 =item Why aren't my random numbers random?
2558 =item How do I find the week-of-the-year/day-of-the-year?
2560 =item How do I find the current century or millennium?
2562 =item How can I compare two dates and find the difference?
2564 =item How can I take a string and turn it into epoch seconds?
2566 =item How can I find the Julian Day?
2568 =item How do I find yesterday's date?
2570 =item Does Perl have a Year 2000 problem? Is Perl Y2K compliant?
2578 =item How do I validate input?
2580 =item How do I unescape a string?
2582 =item How do I remove consecutive pairs of characters?
2584 =item How do I expand function calls in a string?
2586 =item How do I find matching/nesting anything?
2588 =item How do I reverse a string?
2590 =item How do I expand tabs in a string?
2592 =item How do I reformat a paragraph?
2594 =item How can I access/change the first N letters of a string?
2596 =item How do I change the Nth occurrence of something?
2598 =item How can I count the number of occurrences of a substring within a
2601 =item How do I capitalize all the words on one line?
2603 =item How can I split a [character] delimited string except when inside
2604 [character]? (Comma-separated files)
2606 =item How do I strip blank space from the beginning/end of a string?
2608 =item How do I pad a string with blanks or pad a number with zeroes?
2610 =item How do I extract selected columns from a string?
2612 =item How do I find the soundex value of a string?
2614 =item How can I expand variables in text strings?
2616 =item What's wrong with always quoting "$vars"?
2618 =item Why don't my <<HERE documents work?
2620 1. There must be no space after the << part, 2. There (probably) should be
2621 a semicolon at the end, 3. You can't (easily) have any space in front of
2630 =item What is the difference between a list and an array?
2632 =item What is the difference between $array[1] and @array[1]?
2634 =item How can I remove duplicate elements from a list or array?
2638 =item How can I tell whether a list or array contains a certain element?
2640 =item How do I compute the difference of two arrays? How do I compute the
2641 intersection of two arrays?
2643 =item How do I test whether two arrays or hashes are equal?
2645 =item How do I find the first array element for which a condition is true?
2647 =item How do I handle linked lists?
2649 =item How do I handle circular lists?
2651 =item How do I shuffle an array randomly?
2653 =item How do I process/modify each element of an array?
2655 =item How do I select a random element from an array?
2657 =item How do I permute N elements of a list?
2659 =item How do I sort an array by (anything)?
2661 =item How do I manipulate arrays of bits?
2663 =item Why does defined() return true on empty arrays and hashes?
2667 =item Data: Hashes (Associative Arrays)
2671 =item How do I process an entire hash?
2673 =item What happens if I add or remove keys from a hash while iterating over
2676 =item How do I look up a hash element by value?
2678 =item How can I know how many entries are in a hash?
2680 =item How do I sort a hash (optionally by value instead of key)?
2682 =item How can I always keep my hash sorted?
2684 =item What's the difference between "delete" and "undef" with hashes?
2686 =item Why don't my tied hashes make the defined/exists distinction?
2688 =item How do I reset an each() operation part-way through?
2690 =item How can I get the unique keys from two hashes?
2692 =item How can I store a multidimensional array in a DBM file?
2694 =item How can I make my hash remember the order I put elements into it?
2696 =item Why does passing a subroutine an undefined element in a hash create
2699 =item How can I make the Perl equivalent of a C structure/C++ class/hash or
2700 array of hashes or arrays?
2702 =item How can I use a reference as a hash key?
2710 =item How do I handle binary data correctly?
2712 =item How do I determine whether a scalar is a number/whole/integer/float?
2714 =item How do I keep persistent data across program calls?
2716 =item How do I print out or copy a recursive data structure?
2718 =item How do I define methods for every class/object?
2720 =item How do I verify a credit card checksum?
2722 =item How do I pack arrays of doubles or floats for XS code?
2726 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
2730 =head2 perlfaq5 - Files and Formats ($Revision: 1.38 $, $Date: 1999/05/23
2739 =item How do I flush/unbuffer an output filehandle? Why must I do this?
2741 =item How do I change one line in a file/delete a line in a file/insert a
2742 line in the middle of a file/append to the beginning of a file?
2744 =item How do I count the number of lines in a file?
2746 =item How do I make a temporary file name?
2748 =item How can I manipulate fixed-record-length files?
2750 =item How can I make a filehandle local to a subroutine? How do I pass
2751 filehandles between subroutines? How do I make an array of filehandles?
2753 =item How can I use a filehandle indirectly?
2755 =item How can I set up a footer format to be used with write()?
2757 =item How can I write() into a string?
2759 =item How can I output my numbers with commas added?
2761 =item How can I translate tildes (~) in a filename?
2763 =item How come when I open a file read-write it wipes it out?
2765 =item Why do I sometimes get an "Argument list too long" when I use <*>?
2767 =item Is there a leak/bug in glob()?
2769 =item How can I open a file with a leading ">" or trailing blanks?
2771 =item How can I reliably rename a file?
2773 =item How can I lock a file?
2775 =item Why can't I just open(FH, ">file.lock")?
2777 =item I still don't get locking. I just want to increment the number in
2778 the file. How can I do this?
2780 =item All I want to do is append a small amount of text to the end of a
2781 file. Do I still have to use locking?
2783 =item How do I randomly update a binary file?
2785 =item How do I get a file's timestamp in perl?
2787 =item How do I set a file's timestamp in perl?
2789 =item How do I print to more than one file at once?
2791 =item How can I read in an entire file all at once?
2793 =item How can I read in a file by paragraphs?
2795 =item How can I read a single character from a file? From the keyboard?
2797 =item How can I tell whether there's a character waiting on a filehandle?
2799 =item How do I do a C<tail -f> in perl?
2801 =item How do I dup() a filehandle in Perl?
2803 =item How do I close a file descriptor by number?
2805 =item Why can't I use "C:\temp\foo" in DOS paths? What doesn't
2806 `C:\temp\foo.exe` work?
2808 =item Why doesn't glob("*.*") get all the files?
2810 =item Why does Perl let me delete read-only files? Why does C<-i> clobber
2811 protected files? Isn't this a bug in Perl?
2813 =item How do I select a random line from a file?
2815 =item Why do I get weird spaces when I print an array of lines?
2819 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
2823 =head2 perlfaq6 - Regexes ($Revision: 1.27 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 16:08:30 $)
2831 =item How can I hope to use regular expressions without creating illegible
2832 and unmaintainable code?
2834 Comments Outside the Regex, Comments Inside the Regex, Different Delimiters
2836 =item I'm having trouble matching over more than one line. What's wrong?
2838 =item How can I pull out lines between two patterns that are themselves on
2841 =item I put a regular expression into $/ but it didn't work. What's wrong?
2843 =item How do I substitute case insensitively on the LHS while preserving
2846 =item How can I make C<\w> match national character sets?
2848 =item How can I match a locale-smart version of C</[a-zA-Z]/>?
2850 =item How can I quote a variable to use in a regex?
2852 =item What is C</o> really for?
2854 =item How do I use a regular expression to strip C style comments from a
2857 =item Can I use Perl regular expressions to match balanced text?
2859 =item What does it mean that regexes are greedy? How can I get around it?
2861 =item How do I process each word on each line?
2863 =item How can I print out a word-frequency or line-frequency summary?
2865 =item How can I do approximate matching?
2867 =item How do I efficiently match many regular expressions at once?
2869 =item Why don't word-boundary searches with C<\b> work for me?
2871 =item Why does using $&, $`, or $' slow my program down?
2873 =item What good is C<\G> in a regular expression?
2875 =item Are Perl regexes DFAs or NFAs? Are they POSIX compliant?
2877 =item What's wrong with using grep or map in a void context?
2879 =item How can I match strings with multibyte characters?
2881 =item How do I match a pattern that is supplied by the user?
2885 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
2889 =head2 perlfaq7 - Perl Language Issues ($Revision: 1.28 $, $Date:
2890 1999/05/23 20:36:18 $)
2898 =item Can I get a BNF/yacc/RE for the Perl language?
2900 =item What are all these $@%&* punctuation signs, and how do I know when to
2903 =item Do I always/never have to quote my strings or use semicolons and
2906 =item How do I skip some return values?
2908 =item How do I temporarily block warnings?
2910 =item What's an extension?
2912 =item Why do Perl operators have different precedence than C operators?
2914 =item How do I declare/create a structure?
2916 =item How do I create a module?
2918 =item How do I create a class?
2920 =item How can I tell if a variable is tainted?
2922 =item What's a closure?
2924 =item What is variable suicide and how can I prevent it?
2926 =item How can I pass/return a {Function, FileHandle, Array, Hash, Method,
2929 Passing Variables and Functions, Passing Filehandles, Passing Regexes,
2932 =item How do I create a static variable?
2934 =item What's the difference between dynamic and lexical (static) scoping?
2935 Between local() and my()?
2937 =item How can I access a dynamic variable while a similarly named lexical
2940 =item What's the difference between deep and shallow binding?
2942 =item Why doesn't "my($foo) = <FILE>;" work right?
2944 =item How do I redefine a builtin function, operator, or method?
2946 =item What's the difference between calling a function as &foo and foo()?
2948 =item How do I create a switch or case statement?
2950 =item How can I catch accesses to undefined variables/functions/methods?
2952 =item Why can't a method included in this same file be found?
2954 =item How can I find out my current package?
2956 =item How can I comment out a large block of perl code?
2958 =item How do I clear a package?
2960 =item How can I use a variable as a variable name?
2964 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
2968 =head2 perlfaq8 - System Interaction ($Revision: 1.39 $, $Date: 1999/05/23
2977 =item How do I find out which operating system I'm running under?
2979 =item How come exec() doesn't return?
2981 =item How do I do fancy stuff with the keyboard/screen/mouse?
2983 Keyboard, Screen, Mouse
2985 =item How do I print something out in color?
2987 =item How do I read just one key without waiting for a return key?
2989 =item How do I check whether input is ready on the keyboard?
2991 =item How do I clear the screen?
2993 =item How do I get the screen size?
2995 =item How do I ask the user for a password?
2997 =item How do I read and write the serial port?
2999 lockfiles, open mode, end of line, flushing output, non-blocking input
3001 =item How do I decode encrypted password files?
3003 =item How do I start a process in the background?
3005 STDIN, STDOUT, and STDERR are shared, Signals, Zombies
3007 =item How do I trap control characters/signals?
3009 =item How do I modify the shadow password file on a Unix system?
3011 =item How do I set the time and date?
3013 =item How can I sleep() or alarm() for under a second?
3015 =item How can I measure time under a second?
3017 =item How can I do an atexit() or setjmp()/longjmp()? (Exception handling)
3019 =item Why doesn't my sockets program work under System V (Solaris)? What
3020 does the error message "Protocol not supported" mean?
3022 =item How can I call my system's unique C functions from Perl?
3024 =item Where do I get the include files to do ioctl() or syscall()?
3026 =item Why do setuid perl scripts complain about kernel problems?
3028 =item How can I open a pipe both to and from a command?
3030 =item Why can't I get the output of a command with system()?
3032 =item How can I capture STDERR from an external command?
3034 =item Why doesn't open() return an error when a pipe open fails?
3036 =item What's wrong with using backticks in a void context?
3038 =item How can I call backticks without shell processing?
3040 =item Why can't my script read from STDIN after I gave it EOF (^D on Unix,
3043 =item How can I convert my shell script to perl?
3045 =item Can I use perl to run a telnet or ftp session?
3047 =item How can I write expect in Perl?
3049 =item Is there a way to hide perl's command line from programs such as
3052 =item I {changed directory, modified my environment} in a perl script. How
3053 come the change disappeared when I exited the script? How do I get my
3054 changes to be visible?
3058 =item How do I close a process's filehandle without waiting for it to
3061 =item How do I fork a daemon process?
3063 =item How do I find out if I'm running interactively or not?
3065 =item How do I timeout a slow event?
3067 =item How do I set CPU limits?
3069 =item How do I avoid zombies on a Unix system?
3071 =item How do I use an SQL database?
3073 =item How do I make a system() exit on control-C?
3075 =item How do I open a file without blocking?
3077 =item How do I install a module from CPAN?
3079 =item What's the difference between require and use?
3081 =item How do I keep my own module/library directory?
3083 =item How do I add the directory my program lives in to the module/library
3086 =item How do I add a directory to my include path at runtime?
3088 =item What is socket.ph and where do I get it?
3092 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
3096 =head2 perlfaq9 - Networking ($Revision: 1.26 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 16:08:30
3105 =item My CGI script runs from the command line but not the browser. (500
3108 =item How can I get better error messages from a CGI program?
3110 =item How do I remove HTML from a string?
3112 =item How do I extract URLs?
3114 =item How do I download a file from the user's machine? How do I open a
3115 file on another machine?
3117 =item How do I make a pop-up menu in HTML?
3119 =item How do I fetch an HTML file?
3121 =item How do I automate an HTML form submission?
3123 =item How do I decode or create those %-encodings on the web?
3125 =item How do I redirect to another page?
3127 =item How do I put a password on my web pages?
3129 =item How do I edit my .htpasswd and .htgroup files with Perl?
3131 =item How do I make sure users can't enter values into a form that cause my
3132 CGI script to do bad things?
3134 =item How do I parse a mail header?
3136 =item How do I decode a CGI form?
3138 =item How do I check a valid mail address?
3140 =item How do I decode a MIME/BASE64 string?
3142 =item How do I return the user's mail address?
3144 =item How do I send mail?
3146 =item How do I use MIME to make an attachment to a mail message?
3148 =item How do I read mail?
3150 =item How do I find out my hostname/domainname/IP address?
3152 =item How do I fetch a news article or the active newsgroups?
3154 =item How do I fetch/put an FTP file?
3156 =item How can I do RPC in Perl?
3160 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
3164 =head2 perlcompile - Introduction to the Perl Compiler-Translator
3174 B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Lint, B::Deparse, B::Xref
3178 =item Using The Back Ends
3182 =item The Cross Referencing Back End
3186 =item The Decompiling Back End
3188 =item The Lint Back End
3190 =item The Simple C Back End
3192 =item The Bytecode Back End
3194 =item The Optimized C Back End
3196 B, O, B::Asmdata, B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC,
3197 B::Debug, B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex, B::Stackobj,
3198 B::Stash, B::Terse, B::Xref
3202 =item KNOWN PROBLEMS
3208 =head2 perlembed - how to embed perl in your C program
3218 B<Use C from Perl?>, B<Use a Unix program from Perl?>, B<Use Perl from
3219 Perl?>, B<Use C from C?>, B<Use Perl from C?>
3223 =item Compiling your C program
3225 =item Adding a Perl interpreter to your C program
3227 =item Calling a Perl subroutine from your C program
3229 =item Evaluating a Perl statement from your C program
3231 =item Performing Perl pattern matches and substitutions from your C program
3233 =item Fiddling with the Perl stack from your C program
3235 =item Maintaining a persistent interpreter
3237 =item Maintaining multiple interpreter instances
3239 =item Using Perl modules, which themselves use C libraries, from your C
3244 =item Embedding Perl under Win32
3254 =head2 perldebguts - Guts of Perl debugging
3260 =item Debugger Internals
3264 =item Writing Your Own Debugger
3268 =item Frame Listing Output Examples
3270 =item Debugging regular expressions
3274 =item Compile-time output
3276 C<anchored> I<STRING> C<at> I<POS>, C<floating> I<STRING> C<at>
3277 I<POS1..POS2>, C<matching floating/anchored>, C<minlen>, C<stclass>
3278 I<TYPE>, C<noscan>, C<isall>, C<GPOS>, C<plus>, C<implicit>, C<with eval>,
3281 =item Types of nodes
3283 =item Run-time output
3287 =item Debugging Perl memory usage
3291 =item Using C<$ENV{PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS}>
3293 C<buckets SMALLEST(APPROX)..GREATEST(APPROX)>, Free/Used, C<Total sbrk():
3294 SBRKed/SBRKs:CONTINUOUS>, C<pad: 0>, C<heads: 2192>, C<chain: 0>, C<tail:
3297 =item Example of using B<-DL> switch
3299 C<717>, C<002>, C<054>, C<602>, C<702>, C<704>
3301 =item B<-DL> details
3305 =item Limitations of B<-DL> statistics
3313 =head2 perlxstut, perlXStut - Tutorial for writing XSUBs
3325 =item Version caveat
3327 =item Dynamic Loading versus Static Loading
3339 =item What has gone on?
3341 =item Writing good test scripts
3345 =item What's new here?
3347 =item Input and Output Parameters
3349 =item The XSUBPP Program
3351 =item The TYPEMAP file
3353 =item Warning about Output Arguments
3357 =item What has happened here?
3359 =item Anatomy of .xs file
3361 =item Getting the fat out of XSUBs
3363 =item More about XSUB arguments
3365 =item The Argument Stack
3367 =item Extending your Extension
3369 =item Documenting your Extension
3371 =item Installing your Extension
3375 =item New Things in this Example
3379 =item New Things in this Example
3381 =item EXAMPLE 7 (Coming Soon)
3383 =item EXAMPLE 8 (Coming Soon)
3385 =item EXAMPLE 9 (Coming Soon)
3387 =item Troubleshooting these Examples
3403 =head2 perlxs - XS language reference manual
3415 =item The Anatomy of an XSUB
3417 =item The Argument Stack
3419 =item The RETVAL Variable
3421 =item The MODULE Keyword
3423 =item The PACKAGE Keyword
3425 =item The PREFIX Keyword
3427 =item The OUTPUT: Keyword
3429 =item The NO_OUTPUT Keyword
3431 =item The CODE: Keyword
3433 =item The INIT: Keyword
3435 =item The NO_INIT Keyword
3437 =item Initializing Function Parameters
3439 =item Default Parameter Values
3441 =item The PREINIT: Keyword
3443 =item The SCOPE: Keyword
3445 =item The INPUT: Keyword
3447 =item The IN/OUTLIST/IN_OUTLIST/OUT/IN_OUT Keywords
3449 =item Variable-length Parameter Lists
3451 =item The C_ARGS: Keyword
3453 =item The PPCODE: Keyword
3455 =item Returning Undef And Empty Lists
3457 =item The REQUIRE: Keyword
3459 =item The CLEANUP: Keyword
3461 =item The POST_CALL: Keyword
3463 =item The BOOT: Keyword
3465 =item The VERSIONCHECK: Keyword
3467 =item The PROTOTYPES: Keyword
3469 =item The PROTOTYPE: Keyword
3471 =item The ALIAS: Keyword
3473 =item The INTERFACE: Keyword
3475 =item The INTERFACE_MACRO: Keyword
3477 =item The INCLUDE: Keyword
3479 =item The CASE: Keyword
3481 =item The & Unary Operator
3483 =item Inserting POD, Comments and C Preprocessor Directives
3485 =item Using XS With C++
3487 =item Interface Strategy
3489 =item Perl Objects And C Structures
3503 =head2 perlclib - Internal replacements for standard C library functions
3513 C<t>, C<p>, C<n>, C<s>
3515 =item File Operations
3517 =item File Input and Output
3519 =item File Positioning
3521 =item Memory Management and String Handling
3523 =item Character Class Tests
3525 =item F<stdlib.h> functions
3527 =item Miscellaneous functions
3535 =head2 perlguts - Introduction to the Perl API
3547 =item What is an "IV"?
3549 =item Working with SVs
3553 =item What's Really Stored in an SV?
3555 =item Working with AVs
3557 =item Working with HVs
3559 =item Hash API Extensions
3563 =item Blessed References and Class Objects
3565 =item Creating New Variables
3567 =item Reference Counts and Mortality
3569 =item Stashes and Globs
3571 =item Double-Typed SVs
3573 =item Magic Variables
3575 =item Assigning Magic
3577 =item Magic Virtual Tables
3581 =item Understanding the Magic of Tied Hashes and Arrays
3583 =item Localizing changes
3585 C<SAVEINT(int i)>, C<SAVEIV(IV i)>, C<SAVEI32(I32 i)>, C<SAVELONG(long i)>,
3586 C<SAVESPTR(s)>, C<SAVEPPTR(p)>, C<SAVEFREESV(SV *sv)>, C<SAVEMORTALIZESV(SV
3587 *sv)>, C<SAVEFREEOP(OP *op)>, C<SAVEFREEPV(p)>, C<SAVECLEARSV(SV *sv)>,
3588 C<SAVEDELETE(HV *hv, char *key, I32 length)>,
3589 C<SAVEDESTRUCTOR(DESTRUCTORFUNC_NOCONTEXT_t f, void *p)>,
3590 C<SAVEDESTRUCTOR_X(DESTRUCTORFUNC_t f, void *p)>, C<SAVESTACK_POS()>, C<SV*
3591 save_scalar(GV *gv)>, C<AV* save_ary(GV *gv)>, C<HV* save_hash(GV *gv)>,
3592 C<void save_item(SV *item)>, C<void save_list(SV **sarg, I32 maxsarg)>,
3593 C<SV* save_svref(SV **sptr)>, C<void save_aptr(AV **aptr)>, C<void
3594 save_hptr(HV **hptr)>
3602 =item XSUBs and the Argument Stack
3604 =item Calling Perl Routines from within C Programs
3606 =item Memory Allocation
3610 =item Putting a C value on Perl stack
3614 =item Scratchpads and recursion
3624 =item Examining the tree
3626 =item Compile pass 1: check routines
3628 =item Compile pass 1a: constant folding
3630 =item Compile pass 2: context propagation
3632 =item Compile pass 3: peephole optimization
3636 =item Examining internal data structures with the C<dump> functions
3638 =item How multiple interpreters and concurrency are supported
3642 =item Background and PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
3644 =item So what happened to dTHR?
3646 =item How do I use all this in extensions?
3648 =item Should I do anything special if I call perl from multiple threads?
3650 =item Future Plans and PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
3654 =item Internal Functions
3656 A, p, d, s, n, r, f, M, o, j, x
3660 =item Formatted Printing of IVs, UVs, and NVs
3662 =item Pointer-To-Integer and Integer-To-Pointer
3664 =item Source Documentation
3668 =item Unicode Support
3672 =item What B<is> Unicode, anyway?
3674 =item How can I recognise a UTF8 string?
3676 =item How does UTF8 represent Unicode characters?
3678 =item How does Perl store UTF8 strings?
3680 =item How do I convert a string to UTF8?
3682 =item Is there anything else I need to know?
3692 =head2 perlcall - Perl calling conventions from C
3698 An Error Handler, An Event Driven Program
3700 =item THE CALL_ FUNCTIONS
3702 call_sv, call_pv, call_method, call_argv
3722 =item Determining the Context
3726 =item KNOWN PROBLEMS
3732 =item No Parameters, Nothing returned
3734 =item Passing Parameters
3736 =item Returning a Scalar
3738 =item Returning a list of values
3740 =item Returning a list in a scalar context
3742 =item Returning Data from Perl via the parameter list
3746 =item Using G_KEEPERR
3750 =item Using call_argv
3752 =item Using call_method
3756 =item Using Perl to dispose of temporaries
3758 =item Strategies for storing Callback Context Information
3760 1. Ignore the problem - Allow only 1 callback, 2. Create a sequence of
3761 callbacks - hard wired limit, 3. Use a parameter to map to the Perl
3764 =item Alternate Stack Manipulation
3766 =item Creating and calling an anonymous subroutine in C
3778 =head2 perlutil - utilities packaged with the Perl distribution
3788 L<perldoc|perldoc>, L<pod2man|pod2man> and L<pod2text|pod2text>,
3789 L<pod2html|pod2html> and L<pod2latex|pod2latex>, L<pod2usage|pod2usage>,
3790 L<podselect|podselect>, L<podchecker|podchecker>, L<splain|splain>,
3791 L<roffitall|roffitall>
3795 L<a2p|a2p>, L<s2p|s2p>, L<find2perl|find2perl>
3799 L<perlbug|perlbug>, L<h2ph|h2ph>, L<c2ph|c2ph> and L<pstruct|pstruct>,
3800 L<h2xs|h2xs>, L<dprofpp|dprofpp>, L<perlcc|perlcc>
3808 =head2 perlfilter - Source Filters
3818 =item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER
3820 =item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN C
3822 B<Decryption Filters>
3824 =item CREATING A SOURCE FILTER AS A SEPARATE EXECUTABLE
3826 =item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN PERL
3828 =item USING CONTEXT: THE DEBUG FILTER
3840 =head2 perldbmfilter - Perl DBM Filters
3848 B<filter_store_key>, B<filter_store_value>, B<filter_fetch_key>,
3849 B<filter_fetch_value>
3855 =item An Example -- the NULL termination problem.
3857 =item Another Example -- Key is a C int.
3867 =head2 perlapi - autogenerated documentation for the perl public API
3873 AvFILL, av_clear, av_delete, av_exists, av_extend, av_fetch, av_fill,
3874 av_len, av_make, av_pop, av_push, av_shift, av_store, av_undef, av_unshift,
3875 bytes_from_utf8, bytes_to_utf8, call_argv, call_method, call_pv, call_sv,
3876 CLASS, Copy, croak, CvSTASH, cv_const_sv, dMARK, dORIGMARK, dSP, dXSARGS,
3877 dXSI32, ENTER, eval_pv, eval_sv, EXTEND, fbm_compile, fbm_instr, FREETMPS,
3878 get_av, get_cv, get_hv, get_sv, GIMME, GIMME_V, GvSV, gv_fetchmeth,
3879 gv_fetchmethod, gv_fetchmethod_autoload, gv_stashpv, gv_stashsv, G_ARRAY,
3880 G_DISCARD, G_EVAL, G_NOARGS, G_SCALAR, G_VOID, HEf_SVKEY, HeHASH, HeKEY,
3881 HeKLEN, HePV, HeSVKEY, HeSVKEY_force, HeSVKEY_set, HeVAL, HvNAME, hv_clear,
3882 hv_delete, hv_delete_ent, hv_exists, hv_exists_ent, hv_fetch, hv_fetch_ent,
3883 hv_iterinit, hv_iterkey, hv_iterkeysv, hv_iternext, hv_iternextsv,
3884 hv_iterval, hv_magic, hv_store, hv_store_ent, hv_undef, isALNUM, isALPHA,
3885 isDIGIT, isLOWER, isSPACE, isUPPER, is_utf8_char, is_utf8_string, items,
3886 ix, LEAVE, load_module, looks_like_number, MARK, mg_clear, mg_copy,
3887 mg_find, mg_free, mg_get, mg_length, mg_magical, mg_set, Move, New, newAV,
3888 Newc, newCONSTSUB, newHV, newRV_inc, newRV_noinc, NEWSV, newSViv, newSVnv,
3889 newSVpv, newSVpvf, newSVpvn, newSVpvn_share, newSVrv, newSVsv, newSVuv,
3890 newXS, newXSproto, Newz, Nullav, Nullch, Nullcv, Nullhv, Nullsv, ORIGMARK,
3891 perl_alloc, perl_construct, perl_destruct, perl_free, perl_parse, perl_run,
3892 PL_modglobal, PL_na, PL_sv_no, PL_sv_undef, PL_sv_yes, POPi, POPl, POPn,
3893 POPp, POPpbytex, POPpx, POPs, PUSHi, PUSHMARK, PUSHn, PUSHp, PUSHs, PUSHu,
3894 PUTBACK, Renew, Renewc, require_pv, RETVAL, Safefree, savepv, savepvn,
3895 SAVETMPS, SP, SPAGAIN, ST, strEQ, strGE, strGT, strLE, strLT, strNE,
3896 strnEQ, strnNE, StructCopy, SvCUR, SvCUR_set, SvEND, SvGETMAGIC, SvGROW,
3897 SvIOK, SvIOKp, SvIOK_notUV, SvIOK_off, SvIOK_on, SvIOK_only, SvIOK_only_UV,
3898 SvIOK_UV, SvIV, SvIVX, SvLEN, SvNIOK, SvNIOKp, SvNIOK_off, SvNOK, SvNOKp,
3899 SvNOK_off, SvNOK_on, SvNOK_only, SvNV, SvNVX, SvOK, SvOOK, SvPOK, SvPOKp,
3900 SvPOK_off, SvPOK_on, SvPOK_only, SvPOK_only_UTF8, SvPV, SvPVX, SvPV_force,
3901 SvPV_nolen, SvREFCNT, SvREFCNT_dec, SvREFCNT_inc, SvROK, SvROK_off,
3902 SvROK_on, SvRV, SvSETMAGIC, SvSetSV, SvSetSV_nosteal, SvSTASH, SvTAINT,
3903 SvTAINTED, SvTAINTED_off, SvTAINTED_on, SvTRUE, SvTYPE, svtype, SVt_IV,
3904 SVt_NV, SVt_PV, SVt_PVAV, SVt_PVCV, SVt_PVHV, SVt_PVMG, SvUOK, SvUPGRADE,
3905 SvUTF8, SvUTF8_off, SvUTF8_on, SvUV, SvUVX, sv_2mortal, sv_bless, sv_catpv,
3906 sv_catpvf, sv_catpvf_mg, sv_catpvn, sv_catpvn_flags, sv_catpvn_mg,
3907 sv_catpv_mg, sv_catsv, sv_catsv_flags, sv_catsv_mg, sv_chop, sv_clear,
3908 sv_cmp, sv_cmp_locale, sv_dec, sv_derived_from, sv_eq, sv_free, sv_gets,
3909 sv_grow, sv_inc, sv_insert, sv_isa, sv_isobject, sv_len, sv_len_utf8,
3910 sv_magic, sv_mortalcopy, sv_newmortal, sv_pvn_force, sv_pvn_force_flags,
3911 sv_pvutf8n_force, sv_reftype, sv_replace, sv_rvweaken, sv_setiv,
3912 sv_setiv_mg, sv_setnv, sv_setnv_mg, sv_setpv, sv_setpvf, sv_setpvf_mg,
3913 sv_setpviv, sv_setpviv_mg, sv_setpvn, sv_setpvn_mg, sv_setpv_mg,
3914 sv_setref_iv, sv_setref_nv, sv_setref_pv, sv_setref_pvn, sv_setref_uv,
3915 sv_setsv, sv_setsv_flags, sv_setsv_mg, sv_setuv, sv_setuv_mg, sv_true,
3916 sv_unmagic, sv_unref, sv_unref_flags, sv_upgrade, sv_usepvn, sv_usepvn_mg,
3917 sv_utf8_decode, sv_utf8_downgrade, sv_utf8_encode, sv_utf8_upgrade,
3918 sv_utf8_upgrade_flags, sv_vcatpvfn, sv_vsetpvfn, THIS, toLOWER, toUPPER,
3919 utf8n_to_uvchr, utf8n_to_uvuni, utf8_distance, utf8_hop, utf8_length,
3920 utf8_to_bytes, utf8_to_uvchr, utf8_to_uvuni, uvchr_to_utf8, uvuni_to_utf8,
3921 warn, XPUSHi, XPUSHn, XPUSHp, XPUSHs, XPUSHu, XS, XSRETURN, XSRETURN_EMPTY,
3922 XSRETURN_IV, XSRETURN_NO, XSRETURN_NV, XSRETURN_PV, XSRETURN_UNDEF,
3923 XSRETURN_YES, XST_mIV, XST_mNO, XST_mNV, XST_mPV, XST_mUNDEF, XST_mYES,
3924 XS_VERSION, XS_VERSION_BOOTCHECK, Zero
3932 =head2 perlintern - autogenerated documentation of purely B<internal>
3939 djSP, is_gv_magical, LVRET, PL_DBsingle, PL_DBsub, PL_DBtrace, PL_dowarn,
3940 PL_last_in_gv, PL_ofs_sv, PL_rs, start_glob
3948 =head2 perliol - C API for Perl's implementation of IO in Layers.
3958 =item History and Background
3960 =item Layers vs Disciplines
3962 =item Data Structures
3964 1. The functions and attributes of the "layer class", 2. The per-instance
3965 data for a particular handle
3967 =item Functions and Attributes
3969 =item Per-instance Data
3971 =item Layers in action.
3973 =item Per-instance flag bits
3975 PERLIO_F_EOF, PERLIO_F_CANWRITE, PERLIO_F_CANREAD, PERLIO_F_ERROR,
3976 PERLIO_F_TRUNCATE, PERLIO_F_APPEND, PERLIO_F_CRLF, PERLIO_F_UTF8,
3977 PERLIO_F_UNBUF, PERLIO_F_WRBUF, PERLIO_F_RDBUF, PERLIO_F_LINEBUF,
3978 PERLIO_F_TEMP, PERLIO_F_OPEN, PERLIO_F_FASTGETS
3980 =item Methods in Detail
3982 IV (*Pushed)(PerlIO *f,const char *mode, SV *arg);, IV
3983 (*Popped)(PerlIO *f);, PerlIO * (*Open)(...);, SV *
3984 (*Getarg)(PerlIO *f);, IV (*Fileno)(PerlIO *f);, SSize_t
3985 (*Read)(PerlIO *f, void *vbuf, Size_t count);, SSize_t (*Unread)(PerlIO
3986 *f, const void *vbuf, Size_t count);, SSize_t (*Write)(PerlIO *f, const
3987 void *vbuf, Size_t count);, IV (*Seek)(PerlIO *f, Off_t
3988 offset, int whence);, Off_t (*Tell)(PerlIO *f);, IV
3989 (*Close)(PerlIO *f);, IV (*Flush)(PerlIO *f);, IV
3990 (*Fill)(PerlIO *f);, IV (*Eof)(PerlIO *f);, IV
3991 (*Error)(PerlIO *f);, void (*Clearerr)(PerlIO *f);, void
3992 (*Setlinebuf)(PerlIO *f);, STDCHAR * (*Get_base)(PerlIO *f);,
3993 Size_t (*Get_bufsiz)(PerlIO *f);, STDCHAR *
3994 (*Get_ptr)(PerlIO *f);, SSize_t (*Get_cnt)(PerlIO *f);, void
3995 (*Set_ptrcnt)(PerlIO *f,STDCHAR *ptr,SSize_t cnt);
3999 "unix", "perlio", "stdio", "crlf", "mmap", "pending", "raw", "utf8"
4001 =item Extension Layers
4003 ":encoding", ":Scalar", ":Object" or ":Perl"
4009 =head2 perlapio - perl's IO abstraction interface.
4017 1. USE_STDIO, 2. USE_SFIO, 3. USE_PERLIO, B<PerlIO_stdin()>,
4018 B<PerlIO_stdout()>, B<PerlIO_stderr()>, B<PerlIO_open(path, mode)>,
4019 B<PerlIO_fdopen(fd,mode)>, B<PerlIO_reopen(path,mode,f)>,
4020 B<PerlIO_printf(f,fmt,...)>, B<PerlIO_vprintf(f,fmt,a)>,
4021 B<PerlIO_stdoutf(fmt,...)>, B<PerlIO_read(f,buf,count)>,
4022 B<PerlIO_write(f,buf,count)>, B<PerlIO_close(f)>, B<PerlIO_puts(f,s)>,
4023 B<PerlIO_putc(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_ungetc(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_getc(f)>,
4024 B<PerlIO_eof(f)>, B<PerlIO_error(f)>, B<PerlIO_fileno(f)>,
4025 B<PerlIO_clearerr(f)>, B<PerlIO_flush(f)>, B<PerlIO_seek(f,offset,whence)>,
4026 B<PerlIO_tell(f)>, B<PerlIO_getpos(f,p)>, B<PerlIO_setpos(f,p)>,
4027 B<PerlIO_rewind(f)>, B<PerlIO_tmpfile()>, B<PerlIO_setlinebuf(f)>
4031 =item Co-existence with stdio
4033 B<PerlIO_importFILE(f,flags)>, B<PerlIO_exportFILE(f,flags)>,
4034 B<PerlIO_findFILE(f)>, B<PerlIO_releaseFILE(p,f)>
4036 =item "Fast gets" Functions
4038 B<PerlIO_fast_gets(f)>, B<PerlIO_has_cntptr(f)>, B<PerlIO_get_cnt(f)>,
4039 B<PerlIO_get_ptr(f)>, B<PerlIO_set_ptrcnt(f,p,c)>, B<PerlIO_canset_cnt(f)>,
4040 B<PerlIO_set_cnt(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_has_base(f)>, B<PerlIO_get_base(f)>,
4041 B<PerlIO_get_bufsiz(f)>
4043 =item Other Functions
4045 PerlIO_apply_layers(f,mode,layers), PerlIO_binmode(f,ptype,imode,layers),
4046 'E<lt>' read, 'E<gt>' write, '+' read/write, PerlIO_debug(fmt,...)
4052 =head2 perltodo - Perl TO-DO List
4058 =item To do during 5.6.x
4062 =item Support for I/O disciplines
4064 =item Eliminate need for "use utf8";
4066 =item Autoload byte.pm
4068 =item Make "\u{XXXX}" et al work
4070 =item Overloadable regex assertions
4072 =item Unicode collation and normalization
4074 =item Unicode case mappings
4076 =item Unicode regular expression character classes
4078 =item use Thread for iThreads
4080 =item Work out exit/die semantics for threads
4082 =item Typed lexicals for compiler
4084 =item Compiler workarounds for Win32
4086 =item AUTOLOADing in the compiler
4088 =item Fixing comppadlist when compiling
4090 =item Cleaning up exported namespace
4092 =item Complete signal handling
4094 =item Out-of-source builds
4096 =item POSIX realtime support
4098 =item UNIX98 support
4102 =item Long double conversion
4106 =item Thread-safe regexes
4108 =item Arithmetic on non-Arabic numerals
4110 =item POSIX Unicode character classes
4112 =item Factoring out common suffices/prefices in regexps (trie optimization)
4114 =item Security audit shipped utilities
4116 =item Custom opcodes
4118 =item spawnvp() on Win32
4120 =item DLL Versioning
4122 =item Introduce @( and @)
4124 =item Floating point handling
4126 =item IV/UV preservation
4128 =item Replace pod2html with something using Pod::Parser
4130 =item Automate module testing on CPAN
4132 =item sendmsg and recvmsg
4134 =item Rewrite perlre documentation
4136 =item Convert example code to IO::Handle filehandles
4138 =item Document Win32 choices
4140 =item Check new modules
4142 =item Make roffitall find pods and libs itself
4146 =item To do at some point
4150 =item Remove regular expression recursion
4152 =item Memory leaks after failed eval
4154 =item pack "(stuff)*"
4156 =item bitfields in pack
4158 =item Cross compilation
4160 =item Perl preprocessor / macros
4162 =item Perl lexer in Perl
4164 =item Using POSIX calls internally
4166 =item -i rename file when changed
4168 =item All ARGV input should act like E<lt>E<gt>
4170 =item Support for rerunning debugger
4172 =item my sub foo { }
4174 =item One-pass global destruction
4176 =item Rewrite regexp parser
4178 =item Cache recently used regexps
4180 =item Re-entrant functions
4182 =item Cross-compilation support
4184 =item Bit-shifting bitvectors
4186 =item debugger pragma
4188 =item use less pragma
4190 =item switch structures
4192 =item Cache eval tree
4196 =item Shrink opcode tables
4198 =item Optimize away @_
4200 =item Prototypes versus indirect objects
4204 =item Prototype method calls
4206 =item Return context prototype declarations
4210 =item Garbage collection
4214 =item pack/unpack tutorial
4216 =item Rewrite perldoc
4218 =item Install .3p manpages
4220 =item Unicode tutorial
4222 =item Update POSIX.pm for 1003.1-2
4224 =item Retargetable installation
4226 =item POSIX emulation on non-POSIX systems
4228 =item Rename Win32 headers
4230 =item Finish off lvalue functions
4232 =item Update sprintf documentation
4234 =item Use fchown/fchmod internally
4242 =item ref() in list context
4244 =item Make tr/// return histogram
4246 =item Compile to real threaded code
4248 =item Structured types
4250 =item Modifiable $1 et al.
4252 =item Procedural interfaces for IO::*, etc.
4256 =item Attach/detach debugger from running program
4258 =item Alternative RE syntax module
4262 =item foreach(reverse ...)
4264 =item Constant function cache
4266 =item Approximate regular expression matching
4274 =item Update guts documentation
4276 =item Add more tests
4278 =item Update auxiliary tools
4282 =item Recently done things
4286 =item Safe signal handling
4292 =item setitimer and getimiter
4294 =item Testing __DIE__ hook
4296 =item CPP equivalent in Perl
4298 =item Explicit switch statements
4306 =item perlcc to produce executable
4308 =item END blocks saved in compiled output
4310 =item Secure temporary file module
4312 =item Integrate Time::HiRes
4314 =item Turn Cwd into XS
4316 =item Mmap for input
4318 =item Byte to/from UTF8 and UTF8 to/from local conversion
4320 =item Add sockatmark support
4322 =item Mailing list archives
4326 =item Integrate MacPerl
4328 =item Web "nerve center" for Perl
4330 =item Regular expression tutorial
4332 =item Debugging Tutorial
4334 =item Integrate new modules
4336 =item Integrate profiler
4338 =item Y2K error detection
4340 =item Regular expression debugger
4344 =item "Dynamic" lexicals
4346 =item Cache precompiled modules
4350 =item Deprecated Wishes
4354 =item Loop control on do{}
4356 =item Lexically scoped typeglobs
4362 =item Generalised want()/caller())
4364 =item Named prototypes
4366 =item Built-in globbing
4368 =item Regression tests for suidperl
4370 =item Cached hash values
4372 =item Add compression modules
4374 =item Reorganise documentation into tutorials/references
4376 =item Remove distinction between functions and operators
4378 =item Make XS easier to use
4380 =item Make embedding easier to use
4384 =item my $Package::variable
4386 =item "or" tests defined, not truth
4388 =item "class"-based lexicals
4392 =item Lazy evaluation / tail recursion removal
4398 =head2 perlhack - How to hack at the Perl internals
4404 Does concept match the general goals of Perl?, Where is the
4405 implementation?, Backwards compatibility, Could it be a module instead?, Is
4406 the feature generic enough?, Does it potentially introduce new bugs?, Does
4407 it preclude other desirable features?, Is the implementation robust?, Is
4408 the implementation generic enough to be portable?, Is there enough
4409 documentation?, Is there another way to do it?, Does it create too much
4410 work?, Patches speak louder than words
4414 =item Keeping in sync
4416 rsync'ing the source tree, Using rsync over the LAN, Using pushing over the
4417 NFS, rsync'ing the patches, It's easier, It's more recent, It's more
4418 reliable, It's easier, It's a good reference, Finding a start point,
4419 Finding how to fix a bug, Finding the source of misbehaviour
4421 =item Submitting patches
4423 L<perlguts>, L<perlxstut> and L<perlxs>, L<perlapi>,
4424 F<Porting/pumpkin.pod>, The perl5-porters FAQ
4426 =item Finding Your Way Around
4428 Core modules, Documentation, Configure, Interpreter
4430 =item Elements of the interpreter
4432 Startup, Parsing, Optimization, Running
4434 =item Internal Variable Types
4440 Argument stack, Mark stack, Save stack
4442 =item Millions of Macros
4444 =item Poking at Perl
4446 =item Using a source-level debugger
4448 run [args], break function_name, break source.c:xxx, step, next, continue,
4449 finish, 'enter', print
4451 =item Dumping Perl Data Structures
4457 =item EXTERNAL TOOLS FOR DEBUGGING PERL
4461 =item Rational Software's Purify
4463 =item Purify on Unix
4465 -Accflags=-DPURIFY, -Doptimize='-g', -Uusemymalloc, -Dusemultiplicity
4469 DEFINES, USE_MULTI = define, #PERL_MALLOC = define, CFG = Debug
4471 =item Compaq's/Digital's Third Degree
4473 =item PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL
4475 =item Gprof Profiling
4477 -a, -b, -e routine, -f routine, -s, -z
4479 =item Pixie Profiling
4481 -h, -l, -p[rocedures], -h[eavy], -i[nvocations], -l[ines], -testcoverage,
4486 I<The Road goes ever on and on, down from the door where it began.>
4494 =head2 perlhist - the Perl history records
4502 =item THE KEEPERS OF THE PUMPKIN
4514 =item SELECTED RELEASE SIZES
4516 =item SELECTED PATCH SIZES
4520 =item THE KEEPERS OF THE RECORDS
4524 =head2 perldelta - what will be new for perl v5.8.0
4530 =item Reporting Bugs
4538 =head2 perl572delta, perl571delta - what's new for perl v5.7.2
4544 =item Security Vulnerability Closed
4546 =item Incompatible Changes
4548 =item Future Deprecations
4550 =item Core Enhancements
4552 =item Modules and Pragmata
4558 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
4562 =item Performance Enhancements
4564 =item Utility Changes
4566 =item New Documentation
4568 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
4572 =item New Or Improved Platforms
4574 =item Generic Improvements
4578 =item Selected Bug Fixes
4582 =item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
4586 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
4588 =item Changed Internals
4592 =item Regex pre-/post-compilation items matched up
4598 =item Known Problems
4602 =item AIX vac 5.0.0.0 May Produce Buggy Code For Perl
4604 =item lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
4606 =item lib/io_multihomed Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
4608 =item Test lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
4612 =item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
4614 =item sigaction test 13 in VMS
4616 =item sprintf tests 129 and 130
4618 =item Failure of Thread tests
4620 =item Localising a Tied Variable Leaks Memory
4622 =item Self-tying of Arrays and Hashes Is Forbidden
4624 =item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
4626 =item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental
4630 =item Reporting Bugs
4638 =head2 perl571delta - what's new for perl v5.7.1
4644 =item Security Vulnerability Closed
4646 =item Incompatible Changes
4648 =item Core Enhancements
4650 =item AUTOLOAD Is Now Lvaluable
4654 =item PerlIO is Now The Default
4656 =item Signals Are Now Safe
4660 =item Modules and Pragmata
4666 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
4670 =item Performance Enhancements
4672 =item Utility Changes
4674 =item New Documentation
4690 =item README.solaris
4694 =item Porting/repository.pod
4698 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
4702 =item New Or Improved Platforms
4704 =item Generic Improvements
4706 d_cmsghdr, d_fcntl_can_lock, d_fsync, d_getitimer, d_getpagsz, d_msghdr_s,
4707 need_va_copy, d_readv, d_recvmsg, d_sendmsg, sig_size, d_sockatmark,
4708 d_strtoq, d_u32align, d_ualarm, d_usleep
4712 =item Selected Bug Fixes
4716 =item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
4720 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
4722 =item Changed Internals
4726 =item Known Problems
4730 =item AIX vac 5.0.0.0 May Produce Buggy Code For Perl
4732 =item lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
4734 =item lib/io_multihomed Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
4736 =item Test lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
4740 =item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
4742 =item sigaction test 13 in VMS
4744 =item sprintf tests 129 and 130
4746 =item Failure of Thread tests
4748 =item Localising a Tied Variable Leaks Memory
4750 =item Self-tying of Arrays and Hashes Is Forbidden
4752 =item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
4754 =item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental
4758 =item Reporting Bugs
4766 =head2 perl570delta - what's new for perl v5.7.0
4772 =item Security Vulnerability Closed
4774 =item Incompatible Changes
4776 =item Core Enhancements
4778 =item Modules and Pragmata
4784 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
4788 =item Utility Changes
4790 =item New Documentation
4792 =item Performance Enhancements
4794 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
4798 =item Generic Improvements
4802 =item Selected Bug Fixes
4806 =item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
4810 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
4812 =item Changed Internals
4814 =item Known Problems
4818 =item Unicode Support Still Far From Perfect
4820 =item EBCDIC Still A Lost Platform
4822 =item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
4824 =item ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
4826 =item Test lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
4828 =item Long Doubles Still Don't Work In Solaris
4830 =item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
4832 =item Storable tests fail in some platforms
4834 =item Threads Are Still Experimental
4836 =item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental
4840 =item Reporting Bugs
4848 =head2 perl56delta, perldelta - what's new for perl v5.6.0
4854 =item Core Enhancements
4858 =item Interpreter cloning, threads, and concurrency
4860 =item Lexically scoped warning categories
4862 =item Unicode and UTF-8 support
4864 =item Support for interpolating named characters
4866 =item "our" declarations
4868 =item Support for strings represented as a vector of ordinals
4870 =item Improved Perl version numbering system
4872 =item New syntax for declaring subroutine attributes
4874 =item File and directory handles can be autovivified
4876 =item open() with more than two arguments
4878 =item 64-bit support
4880 =item Large file support
4886 =item Enhanced support for sort() subroutines
4888 =item C<sort $coderef @foo> allowed
4890 =item File globbing implemented internally
4892 =item Support for CHECK blocks
4894 =item POSIX character class syntax [: :] supported
4896 =item Better pseudo-random number generator
4898 =item Improved C<qw//> operator
4900 =item Better worst-case behavior of hashes
4902 =item pack() format 'Z' supported
4904 =item pack() format modifier '!' supported
4906 =item pack() and unpack() support counted strings
4908 =item Comments in pack() templates
4910 =item Weak references
4912 =item Binary numbers supported
4914 =item Lvalue subroutines
4916 =item Some arrows may be omitted in calls through references
4918 =item Boolean assignment operators are legal lvalues
4920 =item exists() is supported on subroutine names
4922 =item exists() and delete() are supported on array elements
4924 =item Pseudo-hashes work better
4926 =item Automatic flushing of output buffers
4928 =item Better diagnostics on meaningless filehandle operations
4930 =item Where possible, buffered data discarded from duped input filehandle
4932 =item eof() has the same old magic as <>
4934 =item binmode() can be used to set :crlf and :raw modes
4936 =item C<-T> filetest recognizes UTF-8 encoded files as "text"
4938 =item system(), backticks and pipe open now reflect exec() failure
4940 =item Improved diagnostics
4942 =item Diagnostics follow STDERR
4944 =item More consistent close-on-exec behavior
4946 =item syswrite() ease-of-use
4948 =item Better syntax checks on parenthesized unary operators
4950 =item Bit operators support full native integer width
4952 =item Improved security features
4954 =item More functional bareword prototype (*)
4956 =item C<require> and C<do> may be overridden
4958 =item $^X variables may now have names longer than one character
4960 =item New variable $^C reflects C<-c> switch
4962 =item New variable $^V contains Perl version as a string
4964 =item Optional Y2K warnings
4966 =item Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings
4970 =item Modules and Pragmata
4976 attributes, B, Benchmark, ByteLoader, constant, charnames, Data::Dumper,
4977 DB, DB_File, Devel::DProf, Devel::Peek, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, English,
4978 Env, Fcntl, File::Compare, File::Find, File::Glob, File::Spec,
4979 File::Spec::Functions, Getopt::Long, IO, JPL, lib, Math::BigInt,
4980 Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Pod::Parser, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Checker,
4981 podchecker, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Find, Pod::Select, podselect, Pod::Usage,
4982 pod2usage, Pod::Text and Pod::Man, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Sys::Hostname,
4983 Term::ANSIColor, Time::Local, Win32, XSLoader, DBM Filters
4989 =item Utility Changes
5003 =item The Perl Debugger
5007 =item Improved Documentation
5009 perlapi.pod, perlboot.pod, perlcompile.pod, perldbmfilter.pod,
5010 perldebug.pod, perldebguts.pod, perlfork.pod, perlfilter.pod, perlhack.pod,
5011 perlintern.pod, perllexwarn.pod, perlnumber.pod, perlopentut.pod,
5012 perlreftut.pod, perltootc.pod, perltodo.pod, perlunicode.pod
5014 =item Performance enhancements
5018 =item Simple sort() using { $a <=> $b } and the like are optimized
5020 =item Optimized assignments to lexical variables
5022 =item Faster subroutine calls
5024 =item delete(), each(), values() and hash iteration are faster
5028 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
5032 =item -Dusethreads means something different
5034 =item New Configure flags
5036 =item Threadedness and 64-bitness now more daring
5042 =item -Duselargefiles
5044 =item installusrbinperl
5050 =item Enhanced Installation Directories
5054 =item Platform specific changes
5058 =item Supported platforms
5062 =item OS390 (OpenEdition MVS)
5070 =item Significant bug fixes
5074 =item <HANDLE> on empty files
5076 =item C<eval '...'> improvements
5078 =item All compilation errors are true errors
5080 =item Implicitly closed filehandles are safer
5082 =item Behavior of list slices is more consistent
5084 =item C<(\$)> prototype and C<$foo{a}>
5086 =item C<goto &sub> and AUTOLOAD
5088 =item C<-bareword> allowed under C<use integer>
5090 =item Failures in DESTROY()
5092 =item Locale bugs fixed
5096 =item Spurious subroutine stubs after failed subroutine calls
5098 =item Taint failures under C<-U>
5100 =item END blocks and the C<-c> switch
5102 =item Potential to leak DATA filehandles
5106 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
5108 "%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same %s, "my sub" not yet
5109 implemented, "our" variable %s redeclared, '!' allowed only after types %s,
5110 / cannot take a count, / must be followed by a, A or Z, / must be followed
5111 by a*, A* or Z*, / must follow a numeric type, /%s/: Unrecognized escape
5112 \\%c passed through, /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c in character class
5113 passed through, /%s/ should probably be written as "%s", %s() called too
5114 early to check prototype, %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element, %s
5115 argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or slice, %s argument is not a
5116 subroutine name, %s package attribute may clash with future reserved word:
5117 %s, (in cleanup) %s, <> should be quotes, Attempt to join self, Bad evalled
5118 substitution pattern, Bad realloc() ignored, Bareword found in conditional,
5119 Binary number > 0b11111111111111111111111111111111 non-portable, Bit vector
5120 size > 32 non-portable, Buffer overflow in prime_env_iter: %s, Can't check
5121 filesystem of script "%s", Can't declare class for non-scalar %s in "%s",
5122 Can't declare %s in "%s", Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default,
5123 Can't modify non-lvalue subroutine call, Can't read CRTL environ, Can't
5124 remove %s: %s, skipping file, Can't return %s from lvalue subroutine, Can't
5125 weaken a nonreference, Character class [:%s:] unknown, Character class
5126 syntax [%s] belongs inside character classes, Constant is not %s reference,
5127 constant(%s): %s, CORE::%s is not a keyword, defined(@array) is deprecated,
5128 defined(%hash) is deprecated, Did not produce a valid header, (Did you mean
5129 "local" instead of "our"?), Document contains no data, entering effective
5130 %s failed, false [] range "%s" in regexp, Filehandle %s opened only for
5131 output, flock() on closed filehandle %s, Global symbol "%s" requires
5132 explicit package name, Hexadecimal number > 0xffffffff non-portable,
5133 Ill-formed CRTL environ value "%s", Ill-formed message in prime_env_iter:
5134 |%s|, Illegal binary digit %s, Illegal binary digit %s ignored, Illegal
5135 number of bits in vec, Integer overflow in %s number, Invalid %s attribute:
5136 %s, Invalid %s attributes: %s, invalid [] range "%s" in regexp, Invalid
5137 separator character %s in attribute list, Invalid separator character %s in
5138 subroutine attribute list, leaving effective %s failed, Lvalue subs
5139 returning %s not implemented yet, Method %s not permitted, Missing
5140 %sbrace%s on \N{}, Missing command in piped open, Missing name in "my sub",
5141 No %s specified for -%c, No package name allowed for variable %s in "our",
5142 No space allowed after -%c, no UTC offset information; assuming local time
5143 is UTC, Octal number > 037777777777 non-portable, panic: del_backref,
5144 panic: kid popen errno read, panic: magic_killbackrefs, Parentheses missing
5145 around "%s" list, Possible unintended interpolation of %s in string,
5146 Possible Y2K bug: %s, pragma "attrs" is deprecated, use "sub NAME : ATTRS"
5147 instead, Premature end of script headers, Repeat count in pack overflows,
5148 Repeat count in unpack overflows, realloc() of freed memory ignored,
5149 Reference is already weak, setpgrp can't take arguments, Strange *+?{} on
5150 zero-length expression, switching effective %s is not implemented, This
5151 Perl can't reset CRTL environ elements (%s), This Perl can't set CRTL
5152 environ elements (%s=%s), Too late to run %s block, Unknown open() mode
5153 '%s', Unknown process %x sent message to prime_env_iter: %s, Unrecognized
5154 escape \\%c passed through, Unterminated attribute parameter in attribute
5155 list, Unterminated attribute list, Unterminated attribute parameter in
5156 subroutine attribute list, Unterminated subroutine attribute list, Value of
5157 CLI symbol "%s" too long, Version number must be a constant number
5161 =item Incompatible Changes
5165 =item Perl Source Incompatibilities
5167 CHECK is a new keyword, Treatment of list slices of undef has changed,
5168 Format of $English::PERL_VERSION is different, Literals of the form
5169 C<1.2.3> parse differently, Possibly changed pseudo-random number
5170 generator, Hashing function for hash keys has changed, C<undef> fails on
5171 read only values, Close-on-exec bit may be set on pipe and socket handles,
5172 Writing C<"$$1"> to mean C<"${$}1"> is unsupported, delete(), each(),
5173 values() and C<\(%h)>, vec(EXPR,OFFSET,BITS) enforces powers-of-two BITS,
5174 Text of some diagnostic output has changed, C<%@> has been removed,
5175 Parenthesized not() behaves like a list operator, Semantics of bareword
5176 prototype C<(*)> have changed, Semantics of bit operators may have changed
5177 on 64-bit platforms, More builtins taint their results
5179 =item C Source Incompatibilities
5181 C<PERL_POLLUTE>, C<PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT>, C<PERL_POLLUTE_MALLOC>
5183 =item Compatible C Source API Changes
5185 C<PATCHLEVEL> is now C<PERL_VERSION>
5187 =item Binary Incompatibilities
5191 =item Known Problems
5195 =item Thread test failures
5197 =item EBCDIC platforms not supported
5199 =item In 64-bit HP-UX the lib/io_multihomed test may hang
5201 =item NEXTSTEP 3.3 POSIX test failure
5203 =item Tru64 (aka Digital UNIX, aka DEC OSF/1) lib/sdbm test failure with
5206 =item UNICOS/mk CC failures during Configure run
5208 =item Arrow operator and arrays
5210 =item Experimental features
5212 Threads, Unicode, 64-bit support, Lvalue subroutines, Weak references, The
5213 pseudo-hash data type, The Compiler suite, Internal implementation of file
5214 globbing, The DB module, The regular expression code constructs:
5218 =item Obsolete Diagnostics
5220 Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Ill-formed
5221 logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter, In string, @%s now must be written as
5222 \@%s, Probable precedence problem on %s, regexp too big, Use of "$$<digit>"
5223 to mean "${$}<digit>" is deprecated
5225 =item Reporting Bugs
5233 =head2 perl5005delta, perldelta - what's new for perl5.005
5239 =item About the new versioning system
5241 =item Incompatible Changes
5245 =item WARNING: This version is not binary compatible with Perl 5.004.
5247 =item Default installation structure has changed
5249 =item Perl Source Compatibility
5251 =item C Source Compatibility
5253 =item Binary Compatibility
5255 =item Security fixes may affect compatibility
5257 =item Relaxed new mandatory warnings introduced in 5.004
5271 =item Regular Expressions
5273 Many new and improved optimizations, Many bug fixes, New regular expression
5274 constructs, New operator for precompiled regular expressions, Other
5275 improvements, Incompatible changes
5277 =item Improved malloc()
5279 =item Quicksort is internally implemented
5281 =item Reliable signals
5283 =item Reliable stack pointers
5285 =item More generous treatment of carriage returns
5289 =item Better support for multiple interpreters
5291 =item Behavior of local() on array and hash elements is now well-defined
5293 =item C<%!> is transparently tied to the L<Errno> module
5295 =item Pseudo-hashes are supported
5297 =item C<EXPR foreach EXPR> is supported
5299 =item Keywords can be globally overridden
5301 =item C<$^E> is meaningful on Win32
5303 =item C<foreach (1..1000000)> optimized
5305 =item C<Foo::> can be used as implicitly quoted package name
5307 =item C<exists $Foo::{Bar::}> tests existence of a package
5309 =item Better locale support
5311 =item Experimental support for 64-bit platforms
5313 =item prototype() returns useful results on builtins
5315 =item Extended support for exception handling
5317 =item Re-blessing in DESTROY() supported for chaining DESTROY() methods
5319 =item All C<printf> format conversions are handled internally
5321 =item New C<INIT> keyword
5323 =item New C<lock> keyword
5325 =item New C<qr//> operator
5327 =item C<our> is now a reserved word
5329 =item Tied arrays are now fully supported
5331 =item Tied handles support is better
5333 =item 4th argument to substr
5335 =item Negative LENGTH argument to splice
5337 =item Magic lvalues are now more magical
5339 =item <> now reads in records
5343 =item Supported Platforms
5349 =item Changes in existing support
5353 =item Modules and Pragmata
5359 B, Data::Dumper, Dumpvalue, Errno, File::Spec, ExtUtils::Installed,
5360 ExtUtils::Packlist, Fatal, IPC::SysV, Test, Tie::Array, Tie::Handle,
5361 Thread, attrs, fields, re
5363 =item Changes in existing modules
5365 Benchmark, Carp, CGI, Fcntl, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, POSIX, DB_File,
5366 MakeMaker, CPAN, Cwd
5370 =item Utility Changes
5372 =item Documentation Changes
5374 =item New Diagnostics
5376 Ambiguous call resolved as CORE::%s(), qualify as such or use &, Bad index
5377 while coercing array into hash, Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent
5378 package, Can't call method "%s" on an undefined value, Can't check
5379 filesystem of script "%s" for nosuid, Can't coerce array into hash, Can't
5380 goto subroutine from an eval-string, Can't localize pseudo-hash element,
5381 Can't use %%! because Errno.pm is not available, Cannot find an opnumber
5382 for "%s", Character class syntax [. .] is reserved for future extensions,
5383 Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Character
5384 class syntax [= =] is reserved for future extensions, %s: Eval-group in
5385 insecure regular expression, %s: Eval-group not allowed, use re 'eval', %s:
5386 Eval-group not allowed at run time, Explicit blessing to '' (assuming
5387 package main), Illegal hex digit ignored, No such array field, No such
5388 field "%s" in variable %s of type %s, Out of memory during ridiculously
5389 large request, Range iterator outside integer range, Recursive inheritance
5390 detected while looking for method '%s' %s, Reference found where even-sized
5391 list expected, Undefined value assigned to typeglob, Use of reserved word
5392 "%s" is deprecated, perl: warning: Setting locale failed
5394 =item Obsolete Diagnostics
5396 Can't mktemp(), Can't write to temp file for B<-e>: %s, Cannot open
5397 temporary file, regexp too big
5399 =item Configuration Changes
5409 =head2 perl5004delta, perldelta - what's new for perl5.004
5415 =item Supported Environments
5421 =item List assignment to %ENV works
5423 =item Change to "Can't locate Foo.pm in @INC" error
5425 =item Compilation option: Binary compatibility with 5.003
5427 =item $PERL5OPT environment variable
5429 =item Limitations on B<-M>, B<-m>, and B<-T> options
5431 =item More precise warnings
5433 =item Deprecated: Inherited C<AUTOLOAD> for non-methods
5435 =item Previously deprecated %OVERLOAD is no longer usable
5437 =item Subroutine arguments created only when they're modified
5439 =item Group vector changeable with C<$)>
5441 =item Fixed parsing of $$<digit>, &$<digit>, etc.
5443 =item Fixed localization of $<digit>, $&, etc.
5445 =item No resetting of $. on implicit close
5447 =item C<wantarray> may return undef
5449 =item C<eval EXPR> determines value of EXPR in scalar context
5451 =item Changes to tainting checks
5453 No glob() or <*>, No spawning if tainted $CDPATH, $ENV, $BASH_ENV, No
5454 spawning if tainted $TERM doesn't look like a terminal name
5456 =item New Opcode module and revised Safe module
5458 =item Embedding improvements
5460 =item Internal change: FileHandle class based on IO::* classes
5462 =item Internal change: PerlIO abstraction interface
5464 =item New and changed syntax
5468 =item New and changed builtin constants
5472 =item New and changed builtin variables
5476 =item New and changed builtin functions
5478 delete on slices, flock, printf and sprintf, keys as an lvalue, my() in
5479 Control Structures, pack() and unpack(), sysseek(), use VERSION, use Module
5480 VERSION LIST, prototype(FUNCTION), srand, $_ as Default, C<m//gc> does not
5481 reset search position on failure, C<m//x> ignores whitespace before ?*+{},
5482 nested C<sub{}> closures work now, formats work right on changing lexicals
5484 =item New builtin methods
5486 isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] )
5488 =item TIEHANDLE now supported
5490 TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this, LIST, READ this
5491 LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, DESTROY this
5493 =item Malloc enhancements
5495 -DPERL_EMERGENCY_SBRK, -DPACK_MALLOC, -DTWO_POT_OPTIMIZE
5497 =item Miscellaneous efficiency enhancements
5501 =item Support for More Operating Systems
5517 use autouse MODULE => qw(sub1 sub2 sub3), use blib, use blib 'dir', use
5518 constant NAME => VALUE, use locale, use ops, use vmsish
5524 =item Required Updates
5526 =item Installation directories
5528 =item Module information summary
5542 =item Object-oriented overrides for builtin operators
5546 =item Utility Changes
5552 Sends converted HTML to standard output
5556 C<void> XSUBs now default to returning nothing
5560 =item C Language API Changes
5562 C<gv_fetchmethod> and C<perl_call_sv>, C<perl_eval_pv>, Extended API for
5565 =item Documentation Changes
5567 L<perldelta>, L<perlfaq>, L<perllocale>, L<perltoot>, L<perlapio>,
5568 L<perlmodlib>, L<perldebug>, L<perlsec>
5570 =item New Diagnostics
5572 "my" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same scope, %s argument is
5573 not a HASH element or slice, Allocation too large: %lx, Allocation too
5574 large, Applying %s to %s will act on scalar(%s), Attempt to free
5575 nonexistent shared string, Attempt to use reference as lvalue in substr,
5576 Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent package, Can't redefine active sort
5577 subroutine %s, Can't use bareword ("%s") as %s ref while "strict refs" in
5578 use, Cannot resolve method `%s' overloading `%s' in package `%s', Constant
5579 subroutine %s redefined, Constant subroutine %s undefined, Copy method did
5580 not return a reference, Died, Exiting pseudo-block via %s, Identifier too
5581 long, Illegal character %s (carriage return), Illegal switch in PERL5OPT:
5582 %s, Integer overflow in hex number, Integer overflow in octal number,
5583 internal error: glob failed, Invalid conversion in %s: "%s", Invalid type
5584 in pack: '%s', Invalid type in unpack: '%s', Name "%s::%s" used only once:
5585 possible typo, Null picture in formline, Offset outside string, Out of
5586 memory!, Out of memory during request for %s, panic: frexp, Possible
5587 attempt to put comments in qw() list, Possible attempt to separate words
5588 with commas, Scalar value @%s{%s} better written as $%s{%s}, Stub found
5589 while resolving method `%s' overloading `%s' in %s, Too late for "B<-T>"
5590 option, untie attempted while %d inner references still exist, Unrecognized
5591 character %s, Unsupported function fork, Use of "$$<digit>" to mean
5592 "${$}<digit>" is deprecated, Value of %s can be "0"; test with defined(),
5593 Variable "%s" may be unavailable, Variable "%s" will not stay shared,
5594 Warning: something's wrong, Ill-formed logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter,
5595 Got an error from DosAllocMem, Malformed PERLLIB_PREFIX, PERL_SH_DIR too
5596 long, Process terminated by SIG%s
5606 =head2 perlaix, README.aix - Perl version 5 on IBM Unix (AIX) systems
5614 =item Compiling Perl 5 on AIX
5618 =item Building Dynamic Extensions on AIX
5620 =item The IBM ANSI C Compiler
5622 =item Using GNU's gcc for building perl
5624 =item Using Large Files with Perl
5630 =item GDBM and Threads
5632 =item NFS filesystems and utime(2)
5642 =head2 perlamiga - Perl under Amiga OS
5658 B<Unix emulation for AmigaOS: ixemul.library>, B<Version of Amiga OS>
5660 =item Starting Perl programs under AmigaOS
5662 =item Shortcomings of Perl under AmigaOS
5664 fork(), some features of the UNIX filesystem regarding link count and file
5665 dates, inplace operation (the -i switch) without backup file, umask()
5666 works, but the correct permissions are only set when the file is
5673 =item Accessing documentation
5681 =item B<GNU> C<info> files
5691 =item Build Prerequisites
5693 =item Getting the perl source
5699 =item Installing the built perl
5709 =head2 perlbs2000, README.BS2000 - building and installing Perl for BS2000.
5731 =item Using Perl in the Posix-Shell
5733 =item Using Perl in "native" BS2000
5735 =item Floating point anomalies
5753 =head2 perlcygwin, README.cygwin - Perl for Cygwin
5763 =item Cygwin = GNU+Cygnus+Windows (Don't leave UNIX without it)
5765 =item Cygwin Configuration
5767 C<PATH>, I<nroff>, Permissions
5775 =item Strip Binaries
5777 =item Optional Libraries
5779 C<-lcrypt>, C<-lgdbm> (C<use GDBM_File>), C<-ldb> (C<use DB_File>),
5780 C<-lcygipc> (C<use IPC::SysV>)
5782 =item Configure-time Options
5784 C<-Uusedl>, C<-Uusemymalloc>, C<-Dusemultiplicity>, C<-Duseperlio>,
5785 C<-Duse64bitint>, C<-Duselongdouble>, C<-Dusethreads>, C<-Duselargefiles>
5787 =item Suspicious Warnings
5789 I<dlsym()>, Win9x and C<d_eofnblk>, Compiler/Preprocessor defines
5807 =item File Permissions
5811 =item Filetime Granularity
5813 =item Tainting Checks
5817 =item Script Portability
5819 Pathnames, Text/Binary, F<.exe>, chown(), Miscellaneous
5827 Documentation, Build, Configure, Make, Install, Tests, Compiled Perl
5828 Source, Compiled Module Source, Perl Modules/Scripts
5838 =head2 perldgux - Perl under DG/UX.
5854 =item Non-threaded Case
5860 =item Installing the built perl
5870 =head2 perldos - Perl under DOS, W31, W95.
5884 =item Shortcomings of Perl under DOS
5894 =item BUILDING AND INSTALLING MODULES
5898 =item Building Prerequisites
5900 =item Unpacking CPAN Modules
5902 =item Building Non-XS Modules
5904 =item Building XS Modules
5914 =head2 perlepoc, README.epoc - Perl for EPOC
5922 =item INSTALLING PERL ON EPOC
5924 =item STARTING PERL ON EPOC
5926 =item STOPPING PERL ON EPOC
5928 =item USING PERL ON EPOC
5932 =item I/O Redirection
5942 =item Compiling Perl 5 on the EPOC cross compiling environment
5946 =item SUPPORT STATUS
5954 =head2 perlhpux, README.hpux - Perl version 5 on Hewlett-Packard Unix
5963 =item Compiling Perl 5 on HP-UX
5973 =item Portability Between PA-RISC Versions
5975 =item Itanium Processor Family
5977 =item Building Dynamic Extensions on HP-UX
5979 =item The HP ANSI C Compiler
5981 =item Using Large Files with Perl
5987 =item GDBM and Threads
5989 =item NFS filesystems and utime(2)
5991 =item perl -P and //
5993 =item Kernel parameters (maxdsiz)
6003 =head2 perlmachten, README.machten - Perl version 5 on Power MachTen
6012 =item Compiling Perl 5 on MachTen
6014 =item Failures during C<make test>
6016 op/lexassign.t, pragma/warnings.t
6018 =item Building external modules
6028 =head2 perlmacos, README.macos - Perl under Mac OS (Classic)
6042 =head2 perlmpeix, README.mpeix - Perl/iX for HP e3000 MPE
6054 =item System Requirements
6056 =item How to Obtain Perl/iX
6058 =item Distribution Contents Highlights
6060 README, INSTALL, LIBSHP3K, PERL, .cpan/, lib/, man/,
6061 public_html/feedback.cgi, src/perl-5.6.0-mpe
6063 =item How to Compile Perl/iX
6067 =item Getting Started with Perl/iX
6069 =item MPE/iX Implementation Considerations
6071 =item Known Bugs Under Investigation
6075 =item Change History
6081 =head2 perlos2 - Perl under OS/2, DOS, Win0.3*, Win0.95 and WinNT.
6101 EMX, RSX, HPFS, pdksh
6103 =item Starting Perl programs under OS/2 (and DOS and...)
6105 =item Starting OS/2 (and DOS) programs under Perl
6109 =item Frequently asked questions
6113 =item "It does not work"
6115 =item I cannot run external programs
6117 =item I cannot embed perl into my program, or use F<perl.dll> from my
6120 Is your program EMX-compiled with C<-Zmt -Zcrtdll>?, Did you use
6123 =item C<``> and pipe-C<open> do not work under DOS.
6125 =item Cannot start C<find.exe "pattern" file>
6133 =item Automatic binary installation
6135 C<PERL_BADLANG>, C<PERL_BADFREE>, F<Config.pm>
6137 =item Manual binary installation
6139 Perl VIO and PM executables (dynamically linked), Perl_ VIO executable
6140 (statically linked), Executables for Perl utilities, Main Perl library,
6141 Additional Perl modules, Tools to compile Perl modules, Manpages for Perl
6142 and utilities, Manpages for Perl modules, Source for Perl documentation,
6143 Perl manual in F<.INF> format, Pdksh
6149 =item Accessing documentation
6153 =item OS/2 F<.INF> file
6161 =item GNU C<info> files
6173 =item The short story
6177 =item Getting perl source
6179 =item Application of the patches
6187 A lot of C<bad free>, Process terminated by SIGTERM/SIGINT, F<op/fs.t>,
6190 =item Installing the built perl
6192 =item C<a.out>-style build
6200 =item Some C</> became C<\> in pdksh.
6202 =item C<'errno'> - unresolved external
6204 =item Problems with tr or sed
6206 =item Some problem (forget which ;-)
6208 =item Library ... not found
6210 =item Segfault in make
6212 =item op/sprintf test failure
6216 =item Specific (mis)features of OS/2 port
6220 =item C<setpriority>, C<getpriority>
6224 =item C<extproc> on the first line
6226 =item Additional modules:
6228 =item Prebuilt methods:
6230 C<File::Copy::syscopy>, C<DynaLoader::mod2fname>, C<Cwd::current_drive()>,
6231 C<Cwd::sys_chdir(name)>, C<Cwd::change_drive(name)>,
6232 C<Cwd::sys_is_absolute(name)>, C<Cwd::sys_is_rooted(name)>,
6233 C<Cwd::sys_is_relative(name)>, C<Cwd::sys_cwd(name)>,
6234 C<Cwd::sys_abspath(name, dir)>, C<Cwd::extLibpath([type])>,
6235 C<Cwd::extLibpath_set( path [, type ] )>,
6236 C<OS2::Error(do_harderror,do_exception)>, C<OS2::Errors2Drive(drive)>,
6237 OS2::SysInfo(), OS2::BootDrive(), C<OS2::MorphPM(serve)>,
6238 C<OS2::UnMorphPM(serve)>, C<OS2::Serve_Messages(force)>,
6239 C<OS2::Process_Messages(force [, cnt])>, C<OS2::_control87(new,mask)>,
6240 OS2::get_control87(), C<OS2::set_control87_em(new=MCW_EM,mask=MCW_EM)>
6242 =item Prebuilt variables:
6244 $OS2::emx_rev, $OS2::emx_env, $OS2::os_ver
6250 C<popen>, C<tmpnam>, C<tmpfile>, C<ctermid>, C<stat>, C<mkdir>, C<rmdir>,
6253 =item Identifying DLLs
6255 =item Centralized management of resources
6271 =item F<perl___.exe>
6273 =item Why strange names?
6275 =item Why dynamic linking?
6277 =item Why chimera build?
6285 =item C<PERLLIB_PREFIX>
6287 =item C<PERL_BADLANG>
6289 =item C<PERL_BADFREE>
6291 =item C<PERL_SH_DIR>
6293 =item C<USE_PERL_FLOCK>
6295 =item C<TMP> or C<TEMP>
6305 =item DLL name mangling
6309 =item Calls to external programs
6311 =item Memory allocation
6315 C<COND_WAIT>, F<os2.c>
6329 =head2 perlos390, README.os390 - building and installing Perl for OS/390.
6341 =item Setup and utilities
6345 =item Build, test, install
6347 =item build anomalies
6349 =item testing anomalies
6351 =item installation anomalies
6355 =item Floating point anomalies
6357 =item Modules and Extensions
6375 =head2 perlsolaris, README.solaris - Perl version 5 on Solaris systems
6383 =item Solaris Version Numbers.
6389 Solaris FAQ, Precompiled Binaries, Solaris Documentation
6395 =item File Extraction Problems.
6397 =item Compiler and Related Tools.
6403 =item RUN CONFIGURE.
6407 =item 64-bit Issues.
6411 =item Malloc Issues.
6415 =item MAKE PROBLEMS.
6417 Dynamic Loading Problems With GNU as and GNU ld, ld.so.1: ./perl: fatal:
6418 relocation error:, dlopen: stub interception failed, #error "No
6419 DATAMODEL_NATIVE specified", sh: ar: not found
6425 =item op/stat.t test 4
6429 =item PREBUILT BINARIES.
6431 =item RUNTIME ISSUES.
6435 =item Limits on Numbers of Open Files.
6439 =item SOLARIS-SPECIFIC MODULES.
6441 =item SOLARIS-SPECIFIC PROBLEMS WITH MODULES.
6445 =item Proc::ProcessTable
6459 =head2 perltru64, README.tru64 - Perl version 5 on Tru64 (formerly known as
6460 Digital UNIX formerly known as DEC OSF/1) systems
6468 =item Compiling Perl 5 on Tru64
6470 =item Using Large Files with Perl on Tru64
6472 =item Threaded Perl on Tru64
6474 =item 64-bit Perl on Tru64
6476 =item Warnings about floating-point overflow when compiling Perl on Tru64
6480 =item Testing Perl on Tru64
6486 =head2 perlvmesa, README.vmesa - building and installing Perl for VM/ESA.
6498 =item Setup and utilities
6502 =item testing anomalies
6520 =head2 perlvms - VMS-specific documentation for Perl
6528 =item Organization of Perl Images
6534 =item Perl Extensions
6536 =item Installing static extensions
6538 =item Installing dynamic extensions
6542 =item File specifications
6548 =item Wildcard expansion
6554 =item PERL5LIB and PERLLIB
6560 =item I/O redirection and backgrounding
6562 =item Command line switches
6568 =item Perl functions
6570 File tests, backticks, binmode FILEHANDLE, crypt PLAINTEXT, USER, dump,
6571 exec LIST, fork, getpwent, getpwnam, getpwuid, gmtime, kill, qx//, select
6572 (system call), stat EXPR, system LIST, time, times, unlink LIST, utime
6573 LIST, waitpid PID,FLAGS
6575 =item Perl variables
6577 %ENV, CRTL_ENV, CLISYM_[LOCAL], Any other string, $!, $^E, $?, $^S, $|
6579 =item Standard modules with VMS-specific differences
6593 =head2 perlvos, README.vos - Perl for Stratus VOS
6601 =item Stratus POSIX Support
6605 =item INSTALLING PERL IN VOS
6609 =item Compiling Perl 5 on VOS
6611 =item Installing Perl 5 on VOS
6615 =item USING PERL IN VOS
6619 =item Unimplemented Features
6625 =item SUPPORT STATUS
6633 =head2 perlwin32 - Perl under Win32
6645 Make, Command Shell, Borland C++, Microsoft Visual C++, Mingw32 with GCC
6655 Environment Variables, File Globbing, Using perl from the command line,
6656 Building Extensions, Command-line Wildcard Expansion, Win32 Specific
6657 Extensions, Running Perl Scripts, Miscellaneous Things
6661 =item BUGS AND CAVEATS
6665 Gary Ng E<lt>71564.1743@CompuServe.COME<gt>, Gurusamy Sarathy
6666 E<lt>gsar@activestate.comE<gt>, Nick Ing-Simmons
6667 E<lt>nick@ing-simmons.netE<gt>
6675 =head1 PRAGMA DOCUMENTATION
6677 =head2 attrs - set/get attributes of a subroutine (deprecated)
6689 =head2 re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour
6699 =head2 attributes - get/set subroutine or variable attributes
6709 =item Built-in Attributes
6711 locked, method, lvalue
6713 =item Available Subroutines
6717 =item Package-specific Attribute Handling
6719 FETCH_I<type>_ATTRIBUTES, MODIFY_I<type>_ATTRIBUTES
6721 =item Syntax of Attribute Lists
6729 =item Default exports
6731 =item Available exports
6733 =item Export tags defined
6743 =head2 attrs - set/get attributes of a subroutine (deprecated)
6755 =head2 autouse - postpone load of modules until a function is used
6771 =head2 base - Establish IS-A relationship with base class at compile time
6785 =head2 blib - Use MakeMaker's uninstalled version of a package
6799 =head2 bytes - Perl pragma to force byte semantics rather than character
6812 =head2 charnames - define character names for C<\N{named}> string literal
6821 =item CUSTOM TRANSLATORS
6827 =head2 constant - Perl pragma to declare constants
6837 =item TECHNICAL NOTE
6847 =head2 diagnostics - Perl compiler pragma to force verbose warning
6858 =item The C<diagnostics> Pragma
6860 =item The I<splain> Program
6874 =head2 fields - compile-time class fields
6888 =head2 filetest - Perl pragma to control the filetest permission operators
6898 =item subpragma access
6904 =head2 integer - Perl pragma to use integer arithmetic instead of floating
6915 =head2 less - perl pragma to request less of something from the compiler
6925 =head2 lib - manipulate @INC at compile time
6935 =item Adding directories to @INC
6937 =item Deleting directories from @INC
6939 =item Restoring original @INC
6949 =head2 locale - Perl pragma to use and avoid POSIX locales for built-in
6960 =head2 open - perl pragma to set default disciplines for input and output
6968 =item NONPERLIO FUNCTIONALITY
6970 =item IMPLEMENTATION DETAILS
6976 =head2 ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when compiling
6988 =head2 overload - Package for overloading perl operations
6998 =item Declaration of overloaded functions
7000 =item Calling Conventions for Binary Operations
7002 FALSE, TRUE, C<undef>
7004 =item Calling Conventions for Unary Operations
7006 =item Calling Conventions for Mutators
7008 C<++> and C<-->, C<x=> and other assignment versions
7010 =item Overloadable Operations
7012 I<Arithmetic operations>, I<Comparison operations>, I<Bit operations>,
7013 I<Increment and decrement>, I<Transcendental functions>, I<Boolean, string
7014 and numeric conversion>, I<Iteration>, I<Dereferencing>, I<Special>
7016 =item Inheritance and overloading
7018 Strings as values of C<use overload> directive, Overloading of an operation
7019 is inherited by derived classes
7023 =item SPECIAL SYMBOLS FOR C<use overload>
7031 C<undef>, TRUE, defined, but FALSE
7033 =item Copy Constructor
7039 =item MAGIC AUTOGENERATION
7041 I<Assignment forms of arithmetic operations>, I<Conversion operations>,
7042 I<Increment and decrement>, C<abs($a)>, I<Unary minus>, I<Negation>,
7043 I<Concatenation>, I<Comparison operations>, I<Iterator>, I<Dereferencing>,
7046 =item Losing overloading
7048 =item Run-time Overloading
7050 =item Public functions
7052 overload::StrVal(arg), overload::Overloaded(arg), overload::Method(obj,op)
7054 =item Overloading constants
7056 integer, float, binary, q, qr
7058 =item IMPLEMENTATION
7060 =item Metaphor clash
7066 =item Two-face scalars
7068 =item Two-face references
7070 =item Symbolic calculator
7072 =item I<Really> symbolic calculator
7080 Odd number of arguments for overload::constant, `%s' is not an overloadable
7081 type, `%s' is not a code reference
7087 =head2 re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour
7097 =head2 sigtrap - Perl pragma to enable simple signal handling
7109 =item SIGNAL HANDLERS
7111 B<stack-trace>, B<die>, B<handler> I<your-handler>
7115 B<normal-signals>, B<error-signals>, B<old-interface-signals>
7119 B<untrapped>, B<any>, I<signal>, I<number>
7127 =head2 strict - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe constructs
7135 C<strict refs>, C<strict vars>, C<strict subs>
7139 =head2 subs - Perl pragma to predeclare sub names
7149 =head2 unicode::distinct - Perl pragma to strictly distinguish UTF8 data
7162 =head2 utf8 - Perl pragma to enable/disable UTF-8 (or UTF-EBCDIC) in source
7173 =item Utility functions
7175 $num_octets = utf8::upgrade($string);, utf8::downgrade($string[, CHECK]),
7176 utf8::encode($string), $flag = utf8::decode($string)
7184 =head2 vars - Perl pragma to predeclare global variable names (obsolete)
7194 =head2 warnings - Perl pragma to control optional warnings
7202 use warnings::register, warnings::enabled(), warnings::enabled($category),
7203 warnings::enabled($object), warnings::warn($message),
7204 warnings::warn($category, $message), warnings::warn($object, $message),
7205 warnings::warnif($message), warnings::warnif($category, $message),
7206 warnings::warnif($object, $message)
7210 =head2 warnings::register - warnings import function
7212 =head1 MODULE DOCUMENTATION
7214 =head2 AnyDBM_File - provide framework for multiple DBMs
7224 =item DBM Comparisons
7234 =head2 AutoLoader - load subroutines only on demand
7244 =item Subroutine Stubs
7246 =item Using B<AutoLoader>'s AUTOLOAD Subroutine
7248 =item Overriding B<AutoLoader>'s AUTOLOAD Subroutine
7250 =item Package Lexicals
7252 =item Not Using AutoLoader
7254 =item B<AutoLoader> vs. B<SelfLoader>
7264 =head2 AutoSplit - split a package for autoloading
7272 $keep, $check, $modtime
7276 =item Multiple packages
7284 =head2 B - The Perl Compiler
7292 =item OVERVIEW OF CLASSES
7296 =item SV-RELATED CLASSES
7304 IV, IVX, UVX, int_value, needs64bits, packiv
7318 =item B::PVMG METHODS
7322 =item B::MAGIC METHODS
7324 MOREMAGIC, PRIVATE, TYPE, FLAGS, OBJ, PTR
7326 =item B::PVLV METHODS
7328 TARGOFF, TARGLEN, TYPE, TARG
7332 USEFUL, PREVIOUS, RARE, TABLE
7336 is_empty, NAME, SAFENAME, STASH, SV, IO, FORM, AV, HV, EGV, CV, CVGEN,
7337 LINE, FILE, FILEGV, GvREFCNT, FLAGS
7341 LINES, PAGE, PAGE_LEN, LINES_LEFT, TOP_NAME, TOP_GV, FMT_NAME, FMT_GV,
7342 BOTTOM_NAME, BOTTOM_GV, SUBPROCESS, IoTYPE, IoFLAGS
7346 FILL, MAX, OFF, ARRAY, AvFLAGS
7350 STASH, START, ROOT, GV, FILE, DEPTH, PADLIST, OUTSIDE, XSUB, XSUBANY,
7355 FILL, MAX, KEYS, RITER, NAME, PMROOT, ARRAY
7357 =item OP-RELATED CLASSES
7361 next, sibling, name, ppaddr, desc, targ, type, seq, flags, private
7363 =item B::UNOP METHOD
7367 =item B::BINOP METHOD
7371 =item B::LOGOP METHOD
7375 =item B::LISTOP METHOD
7379 =item B::PMOP METHODS
7381 pmreplroot, pmreplstart, pmnext, pmregexp, pmflags, pmpermflags, precomp
7383 =item B::SVOP METHOD
7387 =item B::PADOP METHOD
7391 =item B::PVOP METHOD
7395 =item B::LOOP METHODS
7397 redoop, nextop, lastop
7399 =item B::COP METHODS
7401 label, stash, file, cop_seq, arybase, line
7405 =item FUNCTIONS EXPORTED BY C<B>
7407 main_cv, init_av, main_root, main_start, comppadlist, sv_undef, sv_yes,
7408 sv_no, amagic_generation, walkoptree(OP, METHOD), walkoptree_debug(DEBUG),
7409 walksymtable(SYMREF, METHOD, RECURSE, PREFIX), svref_2object(SV),
7410 ppname(OPNUM), hash(STR), cast_I32(I), minus_c, cstring(STR), class(OBJ),
7417 =head2 B::Asmdata - Autogenerated data about Perl ops, used to generate
7430 =head2 B::Assembler - Assemble Perl bytecode
7442 =head2 B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks
7454 =head2 B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend
7464 B<-ofilename>, B<-afilename>, B<-->, B<-f>, B<-fcompress-nullops>,
7465 B<-fomit-sequence-numbers>, B<-fbypass-nullops>, B<-On>, B<-D>, B<-Do>,
7466 B<-Db>, B<-Da>, B<-DC>, B<-S>, B<-upackage>
7476 =head2 B::C - Perl compiler's C backend
7486 B<-ofilename>, B<-v>, B<-->, B<-uPackname>, B<-D>, B<-Do>, B<-Dc>, B<-DA>,
7487 B<-DC>, B<-DM>, B<-f>, B<-fcog>, B<-fno-cog>, B<-On>, B<-llimit>
7497 =head2 B::CC - Perl compiler's optimized C translation backend
7507 B<-ofilename>, B<-v>, B<-->, B<-uPackname>, B<-mModulename>, B<-D>, B<-Dr>,
7508 B<-DO>, B<-Ds>, B<-Dp>, B<-Dq>, B<-Dl>, B<-Dt>, B<-f>,
7509 B<-ffreetmps-each-bblock>, B<-ffreetmps-each-loop>, B<-fomit-taint>, B<-On>
7521 =item Context of ".."
7525 =item Deprecated features
7533 =head2 B::Concise - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing concise info about ops
7543 B<-basic>, B<-exec>, B<-tree>, B<-compact>, B<-loose>, B<-vt>, B<-ascii>,
7544 B<-main>, B<-base>I<n>, B<-bigendian>, B<-littleendian>, B<-concise>,
7545 B<-terse>, B<-linenoise>, B<-debug>, B<-env>
7547 =item FORMATTING SPECIFICATIONS
7549 B<(x(>I<exec_text>B<;>I<basic_text>B<)x)>, B<(*(>I<text>B<)*)>,
7550 B<(*(>I<text1>B<;>I<text2>B<)*)>, B<(?(>I<text1>B<#>I<var>I<Text2>B<)?)>,
7551 B<#>I<var>, B<#>I<var>I<N>, B<~>, B<#addr>, B<#arg>, B<#class>,
7552 B<#classym>, B<#coplabel>, B<#exname>, B<#extarg>, B<#firstaddr>,
7553 B<#flags>, B<#flagval>, B<#hyphenseq>, B<#label>, B<#lastaddr>, B<#name>,
7554 B<#NAME>, B<#next>, B<#nextaddr>, B<#noise>, B<#private>, B<#privval>,
7555 B<#seq>, B<#seqnum>, B<#sibaddr>, B<#svaddr>, B<#svclass>, B<#svval>,
7556 B<#targ>, B<#targarg>, B<#targarglife>, B<#typenum>
7562 =item OP flags abbreviations
7564 =item OP class abbreviations
7568 =item Using B::Concise outside of the O framework
7574 =head2 B::Debug - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing debug info about ops
7586 =head2 B::Deparse - Perl compiler backend to produce perl code
7596 B<-l>, B<-p>, B<-q>, B<-f>I<FILE>, B<-s>I<LETTERS>, B<C>, B<i>I<NUMBER>,
7597 B<T>, B<v>I<STRING>B<.>, B<-x>I<LEVEL>
7599 =item USING B::Deparse AS A MODULE
7609 =item ambient_pragmas
7611 strict, $[, bytes, utf8, integer, re, warnings, hint_bits, warning_bits
7623 =head2 B::Disassembler - Disassemble Perl bytecode
7635 =head2 B::Lint - Perl lint
7643 =item OPTIONS AND LINT CHECKS
7645 B<context>, B<implicit-read> and B<implicit-write>, B<dollar-underscore>,
7646 B<private-names>, B<undefined-subs>, B<regexp-variables>, B<all>, B<none>
7648 =item NON LINT-CHECK OPTIONS
7658 =head2 B::O, O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends
7668 =item IMPLEMENTATION
7674 =head2 B::Showlex - Show lexical variables used in functions or files
7686 =head2 B::Stackobj - Helper module for CC backend
7698 =head2 B::Stash - show what stashes are loaded
7700 =head2 B::Terse - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing terse info about ops
7712 =head2 B::Xref - Generates cross reference reports for Perl programs
7722 C<-oFILENAME>, C<-r>, C<-D[tO]>
7730 =head2 Bblock, B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks
7742 =head2 Benchmark - benchmark running times of Perl code
7756 =item Standard Exports
7758 timeit(COUNT, CODE), timethis ( COUNT, CODE, [ TITLE, [ STYLE ]] ),
7759 timethese ( COUNT, CODEHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), timediff ( T1, T2 ), timestr (
7760 TIMEDIFF, [ STYLE, [ FORMAT ] ] )
7762 =item Optional Exports
7764 clearcache ( COUNT ), clearallcache ( ), cmpthese ( COUT, CODEHASHREF, [
7765 STYLE ] ), cmpthese ( RESULTSHASHREF ), countit(TIME, CODE), disablecache (
7766 ), enablecache ( ), timesum ( T1, T2 )
7782 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
7786 =head2 ByteLoader - load byte compiled perl code
7800 =head2 Bytecode, B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend
7810 B<-ofilename>, B<-afilename>, B<-->, B<-f>, B<-fcompress-nullops>,
7811 B<-fomit-sequence-numbers>, B<-fbypass-nullops>, B<-On>, B<-D>, B<-Do>,
7812 B<-Db>, B<-Da>, B<-DC>, B<-S>, B<-upackage>
7822 =head2 CGI - Simple Common Gateway Interface Class
7834 =item PROGRAMMING STYLE
7836 =item CALLING CGI.PM ROUTINES
7838 =item CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT (OBJECT-ORIENTED STYLE):
7840 =item CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT FROM AN INPUT FILE
7842 =item FETCHING A LIST OF KEYWORDS FROM THE QUERY:
7844 =item FETCHING THE NAMES OF ALL THE PARAMETERS PASSED TO YOUR SCRIPT:
7846 =item FETCHING THE VALUE OR VALUES OF A SINGLE NAMED PARAMETER:
7848 =item SETTING THE VALUE(S) OF A NAMED PARAMETER:
7850 =item APPENDING ADDITIONAL VALUES TO A NAMED PARAMETER:
7852 =item IMPORTING ALL PARAMETERS INTO A NAMESPACE:
7854 =item DELETING A PARAMETER COMPLETELY:
7856 =item DELETING ALL PARAMETERS:
7858 =item DIRECT ACCESS TO THE PARAMETER LIST:
7860 =item FETCHING THE PARAMETER LIST AS A HASH:
7862 =item SAVING THE STATE OF THE SCRIPT TO A FILE:
7864 =item RETRIEVING CGI ERRORS
7866 =item USING THE FUNCTION-ORIENTED INTERFACE
7868 B<:cgi>, B<:form>, B<:html2>, B<:html3>, B<:netscape>, B<:html>,
7869 B<:standard>, B<:all>
7873 -any, -compile, -nosticky, -no_undef_params, -no_xhtml, -nph,
7874 -newstyle_urls, -oldstyle_urls, -autoload, -no_debug, -debug,
7877 =item SPECIAL FORMS FOR IMPORTING HTML-TAG FUNCTIONS
7879 1. start_table() (generates a <TABLE> tag), 2. end_table() (generates a
7880 </TABLE> tag), 3. start_ul() (generates a <UL> tag), 4. end_ul() (generates
7885 =item GENERATING DYNAMIC DOCUMENTS
7889 =item CREATING A STANDARD HTTP HEADER:
7891 =item GENERATING A REDIRECTION HEADER
7893 =item CREATING THE HTML DOCUMENT HEADER
7895 B<Parameters:>, 4, 5, 6..
7897 =item ENDING THE HTML DOCUMENT:
7899 =item CREATING A SELF-REFERENCING URL THAT PRESERVES STATE INFORMATION:
7901 =item OBTAINING THE SCRIPT'S URL
7903 B<-absolute>, B<-relative>, B<-full>, B<-path> (B<-path_info>), B<-query>
7904 (B<-query_string>), B<-base>
7906 =item MIXING POST AND URL PARAMETERS
7910 =item CREATING STANDARD HTML ELEMENTS:
7914 =item PROVIDING ARGUMENTS TO HTML SHORTCUTS
7916 =item THE DISTRIBUTIVE PROPERTY OF HTML SHORTCUTS
7918 =item HTML SHORTCUTS AND LIST INTERPOLATION
7920 =item NON-STANDARD HTML SHORTCUTS
7922 =item AUTOESCAPING HTML
7924 $escaped_string = escapeHTML("unescaped string");, $charset =
7925 charset([$charset]);, $flag = autoEscape([$flag]);
7927 =item PRETTY-PRINTING HTML
7931 =item CREATING FILL-OUT FORMS:
7935 =item CREATING AN ISINDEX TAG
7937 =item STARTING AND ENDING A FORM
7939 B<application/x-www-form-urlencoded>, B<multipart/form-data>
7941 =item CREATING A TEXT FIELD
7945 =item CREATING A BIG TEXT FIELD
7947 =item CREATING A PASSWORD FIELD
7949 =item CREATING A FILE UPLOAD FIELD
7953 =item CREATING A POPUP MENU
7955 =item CREATING A SCROLLING LIST
7959 =item CREATING A GROUP OF RELATED CHECKBOXES
7963 =item CREATING A STANDALONE CHECKBOX
7967 =item CREATING A RADIO BUTTON GROUP
7971 =item CREATING A SUBMIT BUTTON
7975 =item CREATING A RESET BUTTON
7977 =item CREATING A DEFAULT BUTTON
7979 =item CREATING A HIDDEN FIELD
7983 =item CREATING A CLICKABLE IMAGE BUTTON
7987 =item CREATING A JAVASCRIPT ACTION BUTTON
7993 1. an expiration time, 2. a domain, 3. a path, 4. a "secure" flag,
7994 B<-name>, B<-value>, B<-path>, B<-domain>, B<-expires>, B<-secure>
7996 =item WORKING WITH FRAMES
7998 1. Create a <Frameset> document, 2. Specify the destination for the
7999 document in the HTTP header, 3. Specify the destination for the document in
8002 =item LIMITED SUPPORT FOR CASCADING STYLE SHEETS
8008 =item DUMPING OUT ALL THE NAME/VALUE PAIRS
8012 =item FETCHING ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
8014 B<Accept()>, B<raw_cookie()>, B<user_agent()>, B<path_info()>,
8015 B<path_translated()>, B<remote_host()>, B<script_name()>, B<referer()>,
8016 B<auth_type ()>, B<server_name ()>, B<virtual_host ()>, B<server_port ()>,
8017 B<server_software ()>, B<remote_user ()>, B<user_name ()>,
8018 B<request_method()>, B<content_type()>, B<http()>, B<https()>
8020 =item USING NPH SCRIPTS
8022 In the B<use> statement, By calling the B<nph()> method:, By using B<-nph>
8027 multipart_init(), multipart_start(), multipart_end(), multipart_final()
8029 =item Avoiding Denial of Service Attacks
8031 B<$CGI::POST_MAX>, B<$CGI::DISABLE_UPLOADS>, B<1. On a script-by-script
8032 basis>, B<2. Globally for all scripts>
8034 =item COMPATIBILITY WITH CGI-LIB.PL
8036 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
8040 Matt Heffron (heffron@falstaff.css.beckman.com), James Taylor
8041 (james.taylor@srs.gov), Scott Anguish <sanguish@digifix.com>, Mike Jewell
8042 (mlj3u@virginia.edu), Timothy Shimmin (tes@kbs.citri.edu.au), Joergen Haegg
8043 (jh@axis.se), Laurent Delfosse (delfosse@delfosse.com), Richard Resnick
8044 (applepi1@aol.com), Craig Bishop (csb@barwonwater.vic.gov.au), Tony Curtis
8045 (tc@vcpc.univie.ac.at), Tim Bunce (Tim.Bunce@ig.co.uk), Tom Christiansen
8046 (tchrist@convex.com), Andreas Koenig (k@franz.ww.TU-Berlin.DE), Tim
8047 MacKenzie (Tim.MacKenzie@fulcrum.com.au), Kevin B. Hendricks
8048 (kbhend@dogwood.tyler.wm.edu), Stephen Dahmen (joyfire@inxpress.net), Ed
8049 Jordan (ed@fidalgo.net), David Alan Pisoni (david@cnation.com), Doug
8050 MacEachern (dougm@opengroup.org), Robin Houston (robin@oneworld.org),
8051 ...and many many more..
8053 =item A COMPLETE EXAMPLE OF A SIMPLE FORM-BASED SCRIPT
8061 =head2 CGI::Apache - Backward compatibility module for CGI.pm
8071 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
8079 =head2 CGI::Carp, B<CGI::Carp> - CGI routines for writing to the HTTPD (or
8088 =item REDIRECTING ERROR MESSAGES
8090 =item MAKING PERL ERRORS APPEAR IN THE BROWSER WINDOW
8094 =item Changing the default message
8098 =item MAKING WARNINGS APPEAR AS HTML COMMENTS
8108 =head2 CGI::Cookie - Interface to Netscape Cookies
8116 =item USING CGI::Cookie
8118 B<1. expiration date>, B<2. domain>, B<3. path>, B<4. secure flag>
8122 =item Creating New Cookies
8124 =item Sending the Cookie to the Browser
8126 =item Recovering Previous Cookies
8128 =item Manipulating Cookies
8130 B<name()>, B<value()>, B<domain()>, B<path()>, B<expires()>
8134 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
8142 =head2 CGI::Fast - CGI Interface for Fast CGI
8150 =item OTHER PIECES OF THE PUZZLE
8152 =item WRITING FASTCGI PERL SCRIPTS
8154 =item INSTALLING FASTCGI SCRIPTS
8156 =item USING FASTCGI SCRIPTS AS CGI SCRIPTS
8160 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
8168 =head2 CGI::Pretty - module to produce nicely formatted HTML code
8178 =item Tags that won't be formatted
8180 =item Customizing the Indenting
8192 =head2 CGI::Push - Simple Interface to Server Push
8200 =item USING CGI::Push
8202 -next_page, -last_page, -type, -delay, -cookie, -target, -expires, -nph
8206 =item Heterogeneous Pages
8208 =item Changing the Page Delay on the Fly
8212 =item INSTALLING CGI::Push SCRIPTS
8214 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
8222 =head2 CGI::Switch - Backward compatibility module for defunct CGI::Switch
8232 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
8240 =head2 CGI::Util - Internal utilities used by CGI module
8248 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
8254 =head2 CPAN - query, download and build perl modules from CPAN sites
8264 =item Interactive Mode
8266 Searching for authors, bundles, distribution files and modules, make, test,
8267 install, clean modules or distributions, get, readme, look module or
8268 distribution, ls author, Signals
8276 =item The four C<CPAN::*> Classes: Author, Bundle, Module, Distribution
8278 =item Programmer's interface
8280 expand($type,@things), expandany(@things), Programming Examples
8282 =item Methods in the other Classes
8284 CPAN::Author::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Author::as_string(),
8285 CPAN::Author::email(), CPAN::Author::fullname(), CPAN::Author::name(),
8286 CPAN::Bundle::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Bundle::as_string(),
8287 CPAN::Bundle::clean(), CPAN::Bundle::contains(),
8288 CPAN::Bundle::force($method,@args), CPAN::Bundle::get(),
8289 CPAN::Bundle::inst_file(), CPAN::Bundle::inst_version(),
8290 CPAN::Bundle::uptodate(), CPAN::Bundle::install(), CPAN::Bundle::make(),
8291 CPAN::Bundle::readme(), CPAN::Bundle::test(),
8292 CPAN::Distribution::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Distribution::as_string(),
8293 CPAN::Distribution::clean(), CPAN::Distribution::containsmods(),
8294 CPAN::Distribution::cvs_import(), CPAN::Distribution::dir(),
8295 CPAN::Distribution::force($method,@args), CPAN::Distribution::get(),
8296 CPAN::Distribution::install(), CPAN::Distribution::isa_perl(),
8297 CPAN::Distribution::look(), CPAN::Distribution::make(),
8298 CPAN::Distribution::prereq_pm(), CPAN::Distribution::readme(),
8299 CPAN::Distribution::test(), CPAN::Distribution::uptodate(),
8300 CPAN::Index::force_reload(), CPAN::Index::reload(), CPAN::InfoObj::dump(),
8301 CPAN::Module::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Module::as_string(),
8302 CPAN::Module::clean(), CPAN::Module::cpan_file(),
8303 CPAN::Module::cpan_version(), CPAN::Module::cvs_import(),
8304 CPAN::Module::description(), CPAN::Module::force($method,@args),
8305 CPAN::Module::get(), CPAN::Module::inst_file(),
8306 CPAN::Module::inst_version(), CPAN::Module::install(),
8307 CPAN::Module::look(), CPAN::Module::make(),
8308 CPAN::Module::manpage_headline(), CPAN::Module::readme(),
8309 CPAN::Module::test(), CPAN::Module::uptodate(), CPAN::Module::userid()
8317 =item Finding packages and VERSION
8321 =item Floppy, Zip, Offline Mode
8327 C<o conf E<lt>scalar optionE<gt>>, C<o conf E<lt>scalar optionE<gt>
8328 E<lt>valueE<gt>>, C<o conf E<lt>list optionE<gt>>, C<o conf E<lt>list
8329 optionE<gt> [shift|pop]>, C<o conf E<lt>list optionE<gt>
8330 [unshift|push|splice] E<lt>listE<gt>>
8334 =item Note on urllist parameter's format
8336 =item urllist parameter has CD-ROM support
8344 =item POPULATE AN INSTALLATION WITH LOTS OF MODULES
8346 =item WORKING WITH CPAN.pm BEHIND FIREWALLS
8350 =item Three basic types of firewalls
8352 http firewall, ftp firewall, One way visibility, SOCKS, IP Masquerade
8354 =item Configuring lynx or ncftp for going through a firewall
8360 1), 2), 3), 4), 5), 6), 7), 8), 9), 10)
8372 =head2 CPAN::FirstTime - Utility for CPAN::Config file Initialization
8382 =head2 CPANox, CPAN::Nox - Wrapper around CPAN.pm without using any XS
8395 =head2 Carp, carp - warn of errors (from perspective of caller)
8405 =item Forcing a Stack Trace
8413 =head2 Carp::Heavy, Carp heavy machinery - no user serviceable parts inside
8415 =head2 Class::ISA -- report the search path for a class's ISA tree
8425 the function Class::ISA::super_path($CLASS), the function
8426 Class::ISA::self_and_super_path($CLASS), the function
8427 Class::ISA::self_and_super_versions($CLASS)
8429 =item CAUTIONARY NOTES
8437 =head2 Class::Struct - declare struct-like datatypes as Perl classes
8447 =item The C<struct()> function
8449 =item Class Creation at Compile Time
8451 =item Element Types and Accessor Methods
8453 Scalar (C<'$'> or C<'*$'>), Array (C<'@'> or C<'*@'>), Hash (C<'%'> or
8454 C<'*%'>), Class (C<'Class_Name'> or C<'*Class_Name'>)
8456 =item Initializing with C<new>
8462 Example 1, Example 2, Example 3
8464 =item Author and Modification History
8468 =head2 Config - access Perl configuration information
8476 myconfig(), config_sh(), config_vars(@names)
8488 C<_a>, C<_exe>, C<_o>
8492 C<afs>, C<alignbytes>, C<ansi2knr>, C<aphostname>, C<api_revision>,
8493 C<api_subversion>, C<api_version>, C<api_versionstring>, C<ar>, C<archlib>,
8494 C<archlibexp>, C<archname64>, C<archname>, C<archobjs>, C<awk>
8498 C<baserev>, C<bash>, C<bin>, C<bincompat5005>, C<binexp>, C<bison>,
8499 C<byacc>, C<byteorder>
8503 C<c>, C<castflags>, C<cat>, C<cc>, C<cccdlflags>, C<ccdlflags>, C<ccflags>,
8504 C<ccflags_uselargefiles>, C<ccname>, C<ccsymbols>, C<ccversion>, C<cf_by>,
8505 C<cf_email>, C<cf_time>, C<charsize>, C<chgrp>, C<chmod>, C<chown>,
8506 C<clocktype>, C<comm>, C<compress>, C<contains>, C<cp>, C<cpio>, C<cpp>,
8507 C<cpp_stuff>, C<cppccsymbols>, C<cppflags>, C<cpplast>, C<cppminus>,
8508 C<cpprun>, C<cppstdin>, C<cppsymbols>, C<crosscompile>, C<cryptlib>, C<csh>
8512 C<d__fwalk>, C<d_access>, C<d_accessx>, C<d_alarm>, C<d_archlib>,
8513 C<d_atolf>, C<d_atoll>, C<d_attribut>, C<d_bcmp>, C<d_bcopy>,
8514 C<d_bincompat5005>, C<d_bsd>, C<d_bsdgetpgrp>, C<d_bsdsetpgrp>, C<d_bzero>,
8515 C<d_casti32>, C<d_castneg>, C<d_charvspr>, C<d_chown>, C<d_chroot>,
8516 C<d_chsize>, C<d_closedir>, C<d_cmsghdr_s>, C<d_const>, C<d_crypt>,
8517 C<d_csh>, C<d_cuserid>, C<d_dbl_dig>, C<d_difftime>, C<d_dirnamlen>,
8518 C<d_dlerror>, C<d_dlopen>, C<d_dlsymun>, C<d_dosuid>, C<d_drand48proto>,
8519 C<d_dup2>, C<d_eaccess>, C<d_endgrent>, C<d_endhent>, C<d_endnent>,
8520 C<d_endpent>, C<d_endpwent>, C<d_endsent>, C<d_eofnblk>, C<d_eunice>,
8521 C<d_fchmod>, C<d_fchown>, C<d_fcntl>, C<d_fcntl_can_lock>, C<d_fd_macros>,
8522 C<d_fd_set>, C<d_fds_bits>, C<d_fgetpos>, C<d_flexfnam>, C<d_flock>,
8523 C<d_fork>, C<d_fpathconf>, C<d_fpos64_t>, C<d_frexpl>, C<d_fs_data_s>,
8524 C<d_fseeko>, C<d_fsetpos>, C<d_fstatfs>, C<d_fstatvfs>, C<d_fsync>,
8525 C<d_ftello>, C<d_ftime>, C<d_Gconvert>, C<d_getcwd>, C<d_getespwnam>,
8526 C<d_getfsstat>, C<d_getgrent>, C<d_getgrps>, C<d_gethbyaddr>,
8527 C<d_gethbyname>, C<d_gethent>, C<d_gethname>, C<d_gethostprotos>,
8528 C<d_getitimer>, C<d_getlogin>, C<d_getmnt>, C<d_getmntent>,
8529 C<d_getnbyaddr>, C<d_getnbyname>, C<d_getnent>, C<d_getnetprotos>,
8530 C<d_getpagsz>, C<d_getpbyname>, C<d_getpbynumber>, C<d_getpent>,
8531 C<d_getpgid>, C<d_getpgrp2>, C<d_getpgrp>, C<d_getppid>, C<d_getprior>,
8532 C<d_getprotoprotos>, C<d_getprpwnam>, C<d_getpwent>, C<d_getsbyname>,
8533 C<d_getsbyport>, C<d_getsent>, C<d_getservprotos>, C<d_getspnam>,
8534 C<d_gettimeod>, C<d_gnulibc>, C<d_grpasswd>, C<d_hasmntopt>, C<d_htonl>,
8535 C<d_iconv>, C<d_index>, C<d_inetaton>, C<d_int64_t>, C<d_isascii>,
8536 C<d_isnan>, C<d_isnanl>, C<d_killpg>, C<d_lchown>, C<d_ldbl_dig>,
8537 C<d_link>, C<d_locconv>, C<d_lockf>, C<d_longdbl>, C<d_longlong>,
8538 C<d_lseekproto>, C<d_lstat>, C<d_madvise>, C<d_mblen>, C<d_mbstowcs>,
8539 C<d_mbtowc>, C<d_memchr>, C<d_memcmp>, C<d_memcpy>, C<d_memmove>,
8540 C<d_memset>, C<d_mkdir>, C<d_mkdtemp>, C<d_mkfifo>, C<d_mkstemp>,
8541 C<d_mkstemps>, C<d_mktime>, C<d_mmap>, C<d_modfl>, C<d_mprotect>, C<d_msg>,
8542 C<d_msg_ctrunc>, C<d_msg_dontroute>, C<d_msg_oob>, C<d_msg_peek>,
8543 C<d_msg_proxy>, C<d_msgctl>, C<d_msgget>, C<d_msghdr_s>, C<d_msgrcv>,
8544 C<d_msgsnd>, C<d_msync>, C<d_munmap>, C<d_mymalloc>, C<d_nice>,
8545 C<d_nv_preserves_uv>, C<d_nv_preserves_uv_bits>, C<d_off64_t>,
8546 C<d_old_pthread_create_joinable>, C<d_oldpthreads>, C<d_oldsock>,
8547 C<d_open3>, C<d_pathconf>, C<d_pause>, C<d_perl_otherlibdirs>,
8548 C<d_phostname>, C<d_pipe>, C<d_poll>, C<d_portable>, C<d_PRId64>,
8549 C<d_PRIeldbl>, C<d_PRIEUldbl>, C<d_PRIfldbl>, C<d_PRIFUldbl>,
8550 C<d_PRIgldbl>, C<d_PRIGUldbl>, C<d_PRIi64>, C<d_PRIo64>, C<d_PRIu64>,
8551 C<d_PRIx64>, C<d_PRIXU64>, C<d_pthread_yield>, C<d_pwage>, C<d_pwchange>,
8552 C<d_pwclass>, C<d_pwcomment>, C<d_pwexpire>, C<d_pwgecos>, C<d_pwpasswd>,
8553 C<d_pwquota>, C<d_qgcvt>, C<d_quad>, C<d_readdir>, C<d_readlink>,
8554 C<d_readv>, C<d_recvmsg>, C<d_rename>, C<d_rewinddir>, C<d_rmdir>,
8555 C<d_safebcpy>, C<d_safemcpy>, C<d_sanemcmp>, C<d_sbrkproto>,
8556 C<d_sched_yield>, C<d_scm_rights>, C<d_SCNfldbl>, C<d_seekdir>,
8557 C<d_select>, C<d_sem>, C<d_semctl>, C<d_semctl_semid_ds>,
8558 C<d_semctl_semun>, C<d_semget>, C<d_semop>, C<d_sendmsg>, C<d_setegid>,
8559 C<d_seteuid>, C<d_setgrent>, C<d_setgrps>, C<d_sethent>, C<d_setitimer>,
8560 C<d_setlinebuf>, C<d_setlocale>, C<d_setnent>, C<d_setpent>, C<d_setpgid>,
8561 C<d_setpgrp2>, C<d_setpgrp>, C<d_setprior>, C<d_setproctitle>,
8562 C<d_setpwent>, C<d_setregid>, C<d_setresgid>, C<d_setresuid>,
8563 C<d_setreuid>, C<d_setrgid>, C<d_setruid>, C<d_setsent>, C<d_setsid>,
8564 C<d_setvbuf>, C<d_sfio>, C<d_shm>, C<d_shmat>, C<d_shmatprototype>,
8565 C<d_shmctl>, C<d_shmdt>, C<d_shmget>, C<d_sigaction>, C<d_sigprocmask>,
8566 C<d_sigsetjmp>, C<d_sockatmark>, C<d_socket>, C<d_socklen_t>,
8567 C<d_sockpair>, C<d_socks5_init>, C<d_sqrtl>, C<d_statblks>,
8568 C<d_statfs_f_flags>, C<d_statfs_s>, C<d_statvfs>, C<d_stdio_cnt_lval>,
8569 C<d_stdio_ptr_lval>, C<d_stdio_ptr_lval_nochange_cnt>,
8570 C<d_stdio_ptr_lval_sets_cnt>, C<d_stdio_stream_array>, C<d_stdiobase>,
8571 C<d_stdstdio>, C<d_strchr>, C<d_strcoll>, C<d_strctcpy>, C<d_strerrm>,
8572 C<d_strerror>, C<d_strftime>, C<d_strtod>, C<d_strtol>, C<d_strtold>,
8573 C<d_strtoll>, C<d_strtoq>, C<d_strtoul>, C<d_strtoull>, C<d_strtouq>,
8574 C<d_strxfrm>, C<d_suidsafe>, C<d_symlink>, C<d_syscall>, C<d_sysconf>,
8575 C<d_sysernlst>, C<d_syserrlst>, C<d_system>, C<d_tcgetpgrp>,
8576 C<d_tcsetpgrp>, C<d_telldir>, C<d_telldirproto>, C<d_time>, C<d_times>,
8577 C<d_truncate>, C<d_tzname>, C<d_u32align>, C<d_ualarm>, C<d_umask>,
8578 C<d_uname>, C<d_union_semun>, C<d_usleep>, C<d_ustat>, C<d_vendorarch>,
8579 C<d_vendorbin>, C<d_vendorlib>, C<d_vfork>, C<d_void_closedir>,
8580 C<d_voidsig>, C<d_voidtty>, C<d_volatile>, C<d_vprintf>, C<d_wait4>,
8581 C<d_waitpid>, C<d_wcstombs>, C<d_wctomb>, C<d_writev>, C<d_xenix>, C<date>,
8582 C<db_hashtype>, C<db_prefixtype>, C<defvoidused>, C<direntrytype>,
8583 C<dlext>, C<dlsrc>, C<doublesize>, C<drand01>, C<dynamic_ext>
8587 C<eagain>, C<ebcdic>, C<echo>, C<egrep>, C<emacs>, C<eunicefix>,
8588 C<exe_ext>, C<expr>, C<extensions>
8592 C<fflushall>, C<fflushNULL>, C<find>, C<firstmakefile>, C<flex>,
8593 C<fpossize>, C<fpostype>, C<freetype>, C<full_ar>, C<full_csh>, C<full_sed>
8597 C<gccosandvers>, C<gccversion>, C<gidformat>, C<gidsign>, C<gidsize>,
8598 C<gidtype>, C<glibpth>, C<grep>, C<groupcat>, C<groupstype>, C<gzip>
8602 C<h_fcntl>, C<h_sysfile>, C<hint>, C<hostcat>
8606 C<i16size>, C<i16type>, C<i32size>, C<i32type>, C<i64size>, C<i64type>,
8607 C<i8size>, C<i8type>, C<i_arpainet>, C<i_bsdioctl>, C<i_db>, C<i_dbm>,
8608 C<i_dirent>, C<i_dld>, C<i_dlfcn>, C<i_fcntl>, C<i_float>, C<i_gdbm>,
8609 C<i_grp>, C<i_iconv>, C<i_ieeefp>, C<i_inttypes>, C<i_libutil>,
8610 C<i_limits>, C<i_locale>, C<i_machcthr>, C<i_malloc>, C<i_math>,
8611 C<i_memory>, C<i_mntent>, C<i_ndbm>, C<i_netdb>, C<i_neterrno>,
8612 C<i_netinettcp>, C<i_niin>, C<i_poll>, C<i_prot>, C<i_pthread>, C<i_pwd>,
8613 C<i_rpcsvcdbm>, C<i_sfio>, C<i_sgtty>, C<i_shadow>, C<i_socks>,
8614 C<i_stdarg>, C<i_stddef>, C<i_stdlib>, C<i_string>, C<i_sunmath>,
8615 C<i_sysaccess>, C<i_sysdir>, C<i_sysfile>, C<i_sysfilio>, C<i_sysin>,
8616 C<i_sysioctl>, C<i_syslog>, C<i_sysmman>, C<i_sysmode>, C<i_sysmount>,
8617 C<i_sysndir>, C<i_sysparam>, C<i_sysresrc>, C<i_syssecrt>, C<i_sysselct>,
8618 C<i_syssockio>, C<i_sysstat>, C<i_sysstatfs>, C<i_sysstatvfs>,
8619 C<i_systime>, C<i_systimek>, C<i_systimes>, C<i_systypes>, C<i_sysuio>,
8620 C<i_sysun>, C<i_sysutsname>, C<i_sysvfs>, C<i_syswait>, C<i_termio>,
8621 C<i_termios>, C<i_time>, C<i_unistd>, C<i_ustat>, C<i_utime>, C<i_values>,
8622 C<i_varargs>, C<i_varhdr>, C<i_vfork>, C<ignore_versioned_solibs>,
8623 C<inc_version_list>, C<inc_version_list_init>, C<incpath>, C<inews>,
8624 C<installarchlib>, C<installbin>, C<installman1dir>, C<installman3dir>,
8625 C<installprefix>, C<installprefixexp>, C<installprivlib>, C<installscript>,
8626 C<installsitearch>, C<installsitebin>, C<installsitelib>, C<installstyle>,
8627 C<installusrbinperl>, C<installvendorarch>, C<installvendorbin>,
8628 C<installvendorlib>, C<intsize>, C<issymlink>, C<ivdformat>, C<ivsize>,
8633 C<known_extensions>, C<ksh>
8637 C<ld>, C<lddlflags>, C<ldflags>, C<ldflags_uselargefiles>, C<ldlibpthname>,
8638 C<less>, C<lib_ext>, C<libc>, C<libperl>, C<libpth>, C<libs>, C<libsdirs>,
8639 C<libsfiles>, C<libsfound>, C<libspath>, C<libswanted>,
8640 C<libswanted_uselargefiles>, C<line>, C<lint>, C<lkflags>, C<ln>, C<lns>,
8641 C<locincpth>, C<loclibpth>, C<longdblsize>, C<longlongsize>, C<longsize>,
8642 C<lp>, C<lpr>, C<ls>, C<lseeksize>, C<lseektype>
8646 C<mail>, C<mailx>, C<make>, C<make_set_make>, C<mallocobj>, C<mallocsrc>,
8647 C<malloctype>, C<man1dir>, C<man1direxp>, C<man1ext>, C<man3dir>,
8648 C<man3direxp>, C<man3ext>
8652 C<Mcc>, C<mips_type>, C<mkdir>, C<mmaptype>, C<modetype>, C<more>,
8653 C<multiarch>, C<mv>, C<myarchname>, C<mydomain>, C<myhostname>, C<myuname>
8657 C<n>, C<need_va_copy>, C<netdb_hlen_type>, C<netdb_host_type>,
8658 C<netdb_name_type>, C<netdb_net_type>, C<nm>, C<nm_opt>, C<nm_so_opt>,
8659 C<nonxs_ext>, C<nroff>, C<nveformat>, C<nvEUformat>, C<nvfformat>,
8660 C<nvFUformat>, C<nvgformat>, C<nvGUformat>, C<nvsize>, C<nvtype>
8664 C<o_nonblock>, C<obj_ext>, C<old_pthread_create_joinable>, C<optimize>,
8665 C<orderlib>, C<osname>, C<osvers>, C<otherlibdirs>
8669 C<package>, C<pager>, C<passcat>, C<patchlevel>, C<path_sep>, C<perl5>,
8674 C<PERL_REVISION>, C<PERL_SUBVERSION>, C<PERL_VERSION>, C<perladmin>,
8675 C<perllibs>, C<perlpath>, C<pg>, C<phostname>, C<pidtype>, C<plibpth>,
8676 C<pm_apiversion>, C<pmake>, C<pr>, C<prefix>, C<prefixexp>, C<privlib>,
8677 C<privlibexp>, C<prototype>, C<ptrsize>
8681 C<quadkind>, C<quadtype>
8685 C<randbits>, C<randfunc>, C<randseedtype>, C<ranlib>, C<rd_nodata>,
8686 C<revision>, C<rm>, C<rmail>, C<runnm>
8690 C<sched_yield>, C<scriptdir>, C<scriptdirexp>, C<sed>, C<seedfunc>,
8691 C<selectminbits>, C<selecttype>, C<sendmail>, C<sh>, C<shar>, C<sharpbang>,
8692 C<shmattype>, C<shortsize>, C<shrpenv>, C<shsharp>, C<sig_count>,
8693 C<sig_name>, C<sig_name_init>, C<sig_num>, C<sig_num_init>, C<sig_size>,
8694 C<signal_t>, C<sitearch>, C<sitearchexp>, C<sitebin>, C<sitebinexp>,
8695 C<sitelib>, C<sitelib_stem>, C<sitelibexp>, C<siteprefix>,
8696 C<siteprefixexp>, C<sizesize>, C<sizetype>, C<sleep>, C<smail>, C<so>,
8697 C<sockethdr>, C<socketlib>, C<socksizetype>, C<sort>, C<spackage>,
8698 C<spitshell>, C<sPRId64>, C<sPRIeldbl>, C<sPRIEUldbl>, C<sPRIfldbl>,
8699 C<sPRIFUldbl>, C<sPRIgldbl>, C<sPRIGUldbl>, C<sPRIi64>, C<sPRIo64>,
8700 C<sPRIu64>, C<sPRIx64>, C<sPRIXU64>, C<src>, C<sSCNfldbl>, C<ssizetype>,
8701 C<startperl>, C<startsh>, C<static_ext>, C<stdchar>, C<stdio_base>,
8702 C<stdio_bufsiz>, C<stdio_cnt>, C<stdio_filbuf>, C<stdio_ptr>,
8703 C<stdio_stream_array>, C<strings>, C<submit>, C<subversion>, C<sysman>
8707 C<tail>, C<tar>, C<tbl>, C<tee>, C<test>, C<timeincl>, C<timetype>,
8708 C<touch>, C<tr>, C<trnl>, C<troff>
8712 C<u16size>, C<u16type>, C<u32size>, C<u32type>, C<u64size>, C<u64type>,
8713 C<u8size>, C<u8type>, C<uidformat>, C<uidsign>, C<uidsize>, C<uidtype>,
8714 C<uname>, C<uniq>, C<uquadtype>, C<use5005threads>, C<use64bitall>,
8715 C<use64bitint>, C<usedl>, C<useithreads>, C<uselargefiles>,
8716 C<uselongdouble>, C<usemorebits>, C<usemultiplicity>, C<usemymalloc>,
8717 C<usenm>, C<useopcode>, C<useperlio>, C<useposix>, C<usesfio>,
8718 C<useshrplib>, C<usesocks>, C<usethreads>, C<usevendorprefix>, C<usevfork>,
8719 C<usrinc>, C<uuname>, C<uvoformat>, C<uvsize>, C<uvtype>, C<uvuformat>,
8720 C<uvxformat>, C<uvXUformat>
8724 C<vendorarch>, C<vendorarchexp>, C<vendorbin>, C<vendorbinexp>,
8725 C<vendorlib>, C<vendorlib_stem>, C<vendorlibexp>, C<vendorprefix>,
8726 C<vendorprefixexp>, C<version>, C<versiononly>, C<vi>, C<voidflags>
8730 C<xlibpth>, C<xs_apiversion>
8734 C<yacc>, C<yaccflags>
8746 =head2 Cwd - get pathname of current working directory
8756 =head2 DB - programmatic interface to the Perl debugging API (draft,
8768 =item Global Variables
8770 $DB::sub, %DB::sub, $DB::single, $DB::signal, $DB::trace, @DB::args,
8771 @DB::dbline, %DB::dbline, $DB::package, $DB::filename, $DB::subname,
8776 CLIENT->register(), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->skippkg('D::hide'),
8777 CLIENT->run(), CLIENT->step(), CLIENT->next(), CLIENT->done()
8779 =item Client Callback Methods
8781 CLIENT->init(), CLIENT->prestop([STRING]), CLIENT->stop(), CLIENT->idle(),
8782 CLIENT->poststop([STRING]), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->cleanup(),
8783 CLIENT->output(LIST)
8793 =head2 DB_File - Perl5 access to Berkeley DB version 1.x
8801 B<DB_HASH>, B<DB_BTREE>, B<DB_RECNO>
8805 =item Using DB_File with Berkeley DB version 2 or 3
8807 =item Interface to Berkeley DB
8809 =item Opening a Berkeley DB Database File
8811 =item Default Parameters
8813 =item In Memory Databases
8821 =item A Simple Example
8829 =item Changing the BTREE sort order
8831 =item Handling Duplicate Keys
8833 =item The get_dup() Method
8835 =item The find_dup() Method
8837 =item The del_dup() Method
8839 =item Matching Partial Keys
8847 =item The 'bval' Option
8849 =item A Simple Example
8851 =item Extra RECNO Methods
8853 B<$X-E<gt>push(list) ;>, B<$value = $X-E<gt>pop ;>, B<$X-E<gt>shift>,
8854 B<$X-E<gt>unshift(list) ;>, B<$X-E<gt>length>, B<$X-E<gt>splice(offset,
8857 =item Another Example
8861 =item THE API INTERFACE
8863 B<$status = $X-E<gt>get($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status =
8864 $X-E<gt>put($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>del($key [,
8865 $flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>fd ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>seq($key,
8866 $value, $flags) ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>sync([$flags]) ;>
8870 B<filter_store_key>, B<filter_store_value>, B<filter_fetch_key>,
8871 B<filter_fetch_value>
8877 =item An Example -- the NULL termination problem.
8879 =item Another Example -- Key is a C int.
8883 =item HINTS AND TIPS
8887 =item Locking: The Trouble with fd
8889 =item Safe ways to lock a database
8891 B<Tie::DB_Lock>, B<Tie::DB_LockFile>, B<DB_File::Lock>
8893 =item Sharing Databases With C Applications
8895 =item The untie() Gotcha
8899 =item COMMON QUESTIONS
8903 =item Why is there Perl source in my database?
8905 =item How do I store complex data structures with DB_File?
8907 =item What does "Invalid Argument" mean?
8909 =item What does "Bareword 'DB_File' not allowed" mean?
8929 =head2 Data::Dumper - stringified perl data structures, suitable for both
8930 printing and C<eval>
8942 I<PACKAGE>->new(I<ARRAYREF [>, I<ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Dump I<or>
8943 I<PACKAGE>->Dump(I<ARRAYREF [>, I<ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Seen(I<[HASHREF]>),
8944 I<$OBJ>->Values(I<[ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Names(I<[ARRAYREF]>),
8951 =item Configuration Variables or Methods
8953 $Data::Dumper::Indent I<or> I<$OBJ>->Indent(I<[NEWVAL]>),
8954 $Data::Dumper::Purity I<or> I<$OBJ>->Purity(I<[NEWVAL]>),
8955 $Data::Dumper::Pad I<or> I<$OBJ>->Pad(I<[NEWVAL]>),
8956 $Data::Dumper::Varname I<or> I<$OBJ>->Varname(I<[NEWVAL]>),
8957 $Data::Dumper::Useqq I<or> I<$OBJ>->Useqq(I<[NEWVAL]>),
8958 $Data::Dumper::Terse I<or> I<$OBJ>->Terse(I<[NEWVAL]>),
8959 $Data::Dumper::Freezer I<or> $I<OBJ>->Freezer(I<[NEWVAL]>),
8960 $Data::Dumper::Toaster I<or> $I<OBJ>->Toaster(I<[NEWVAL]>),
8961 $Data::Dumper::Deepcopy I<or> $I<OBJ>->Deepcopy(I<[NEWVAL]>),
8962 $Data::Dumper::Quotekeys I<or> $I<OBJ>->Quotekeys(I<[NEWVAL]>),
8963 $Data::Dumper::Bless I<or> $I<OBJ>->Bless(I<[NEWVAL]>),
8964 $Data::Dumper::Maxdepth I<or> $I<OBJ>->Maxdepth(I<[NEWVAL]>)
8984 =head2 Devel::DProf - a Perl code profiler
8992 =item PROFILE FORMAT
9004 =head2 Devel::Peek - A data debugging tool for the XS programmer
9014 =item Memory footprint debugging
9022 =item A simple scalar string
9024 =item A simple scalar number
9026 =item A simple scalar with an extra reference
9028 =item A reference to a simple scalar
9030 =item A reference to an array
9032 =item A reference to a hash
9034 =item Dumping a large array or hash
9036 =item A reference to an SV which holds a C pointer
9038 =item A reference to a subroutine
9052 =head2 Devel::SelfStubber - generate stubs for a SelfLoading module
9062 =head2 Digest:: - Modules that calculate message digests
9070 I<binary>, I<hex>, I<base64>
9074 $ctx = Digest->XXX($arg,...), $ctx = Digest->new(XXX => $arg,...), $ctx =
9075 Digest::XXX->new($arg,...), $ctx->reset, $ctx->add($data,...),
9076 $ctx->addfile($io_handle), $ctx->digest, $ctx->hexdigest, $ctx->b64digest
9084 =head2 Digest::MD5 - Perl interface to the MD5 Algorithm
9094 md5($data,...), md5_hex($data,...), md5_base64($data,...)
9098 $md5 = Digest::MD5->new, $md5->reset, $md5->add($data,...),
9099 $md5->addfile($io_handle), $md5->digest, $md5->hexdigest, $md5->b64digest
9111 =head2 DirHandle - supply object methods for directory handles
9121 =head2 Dumpvalue - provides screen dump of Perl data.
9133 C<arrayDepth>, C<hashDepth>, C<compactDump>, C<veryCompact>, C<globPrint>,
9134 C<DumpDBFiles>, C<DumpPackages>, C<DumpReused>, C<tick>, C<HighBit>,
9135 C<printUndef>, C<UsageOnly>, unctrl, subdump, bareStringify, quoteHighBit,
9140 dumpValue, dumpValues, dumpvars, set_quote, set_unctrl, compactDump,
9141 veryCompact, set, get
9147 =head2 DynaLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code
9155 @dl_library_path, @dl_resolve_using, @dl_require_symbols, @dl_librefs,
9156 @dl_modules, dl_error(), $dl_debug, dl_findfile(), dl_expandspec(),
9157 dl_load_file(), dl_unload_file(), dl_loadflags(), dl_find_symbol(),
9158 dl_find_symbol_anywhere(), dl_undef_symbols(), dl_install_xsub(),
9165 =head2 DynaLoader::XSLoader, XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into
9178 =head2 Encode - character encodings
9196 =item Characteristics of an Encoding
9198 =item Types of Encodings
9200 Fixed length 8-bit (or less) encodings, Fixed length 16-bit encodings,
9201 Fixed length 32-bit encodings, Multi-byte encodings, "Escape" encodings
9203 =item Specifying Encodings
9205 1. By name, 2. As an object
9207 =item Encoding Names
9209 The MIME name as defined in IETF RFC-XXXX, The name in the IANA registry,
9210 The name used by the the organization that defined it
9214 =item PERL ENCODING API
9218 =item Generic Encoding Interface
9220 =item Handling Malformed Data
9222 Scheme 1, Scheme 2, Other Schemes
9226 =item Other Encodings of Unicode
9228 =item Listing available encodings
9230 =item Defining Aliases
9232 As a simple string, As a qr// compiled regular expression, e.g.:, As a code
9235 =item Defining Encodings
9239 =item Encoding and IO
9241 =item Encoding How to ...
9243 IO with mixed content (faking iso-2020-*), MIME's Content-Length:, UTF-8
9244 strings in binary data, Perl/Encode wrappers on non-Unicode XS modules
9246 =item Messing with Perl's Internals
9248 is_utf8(STRING [, CHECK]), valid_utf8(STRING)
9250 =item IMPLEMENTATION CLASSES
9252 -E<gt>name, -E<gt>new_sequence, -E<gt>encode($string,$check),
9253 -E<gt>decode($octets,$check)
9257 =item Compiled Encodings
9259 .enc, .ucm, .ucm, .c, .xs, ascii and iso-8859-*, IBM-1047 and two other
9260 variants of EBCDIC, symbol and dingbats as used by Tk on X11
9268 =head2 Encode::EncodeFormat, EncodeFormat - the format of encoding tables
9269 of the Encode extension
9275 [1] B<S>, [2] B<D>, [3] B<M>, [4] B<E>
9283 =head2 Encode::Tcl - Tcl encodings
9285 =head2 EncodeFormat - the format of encoding tables of the Encode extension
9291 [1] B<S>, [2] B<D>, [3] B<M>, [4] B<E>
9299 =head2 English - use nice English (or awk) names for ugly punctuation
9312 =head2 Env - perl module that imports environment variables as scalars or
9327 =head2 Errno - System errno constants
9343 =head2 Exporter - Implements default import method for modules
9355 =item Selecting What To Export
9357 =item Specialised Import Lists
9359 =item Exporting without using Export's import method
9361 =item Module Version Checking
9363 =item Managing Unknown Symbols
9365 =item Tag Handling Utility Functions
9371 =head2 Exporter::Heavy - Exporter guts
9381 =head2 ExtUtils::Command - utilities to replace common UNIX commands in
9402 mv source... destination
9404 cp source... destination
9422 =head2 ExtUtils::Constant - generate XS code to import C header constants
9442 memEQ_clause NAME, CHECKED_AT, INDENT
9444 return_clause VALUE, TYPE, INDENT, MACRO
9448 C_constant SUBNAME, DEFAULT_TYPE, TYPES, INDENT, NAMELEN, ITEM.., name,
9451 XS_constant PACKAGE, TYPES, SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME
9453 autoload PACKAGE, VERSION
9461 =head2 ExtUtils::Embed - Utilities for embedding Perl in C/C++ applications
9473 xsinit(), Examples, ldopts(), Examples, perl_inc(), ccflags(), ccdlflags(),
9474 ccopts(), xsi_header(), xsi_protos(@modules), xsi_body(@modules)
9484 =head2 ExtUtils::Install - install files from here to there
9494 =head2 ExtUtils::Installed - Inventory management of installed modules
9506 new(), modules(), files(), directories(), directory_tree(), validate(),
9507 packlist(), version()
9515 =head2 ExtUtils::Liblist - determine libraries to use and how to use them
9523 For static extensions, For dynamic extensions, For dynamic extensions
9529 =item LDLOADLIBS and LD_RUN_PATH
9539 =item VMS implementation
9541 =item Win32 implementation
9549 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
9558 canonpath, cflags, manifypods, perl_archive
9562 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_OS2 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
9577 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Unix - methods used by ExtUtils::MakeMaker
9589 =item Preloaded methods
9609 =item SelfLoaded methods
9655 file_name_is_absolute
9661 =item Methods to actually produce chunks of text for the Makefile
9701 maybe_command_in_dirs
9739 replace_manpage_separator
9753 test_via_harness (o)
9785 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_VMS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
9796 =item Methods always loaded
9808 =item SelfLoaded methods
9810 guess_name (override)
9814 find_perl (override)
9818 maybe_command (override)
9820 maybe_command_in_dirs (override)
9822 perl_script (override)
9824 file_name_is_absolute (override)
9826 replace_manpage_separator
9828 init_others (override)
9830 constants (override)
9834 const_cccmd (override)
9836 pm_to_blib (override)
9838 tool_autosplit (override)
9840 tool_sxubpp (override)
9842 xsubpp_version (override)
9844 tools_other (override)
9854 top_targets (override)
9858 dynamic_lib (override)
9860 dynamic_bs (override)
9862 static_lib (override)
9864 manifypods (override)
9866 processPL (override)
9868 installbin (override)
9874 realclean (override)
9876 dist_basics (override)
9878 dist_core (override)
9882 dist_test (override)
9886 perldepend (override)
9892 test_via_harness (override)
9894 test_via_script (override)
9896 makeaperl (override)
9900 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Win32 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
9927 test_via_harness (o)
9929 tool_autosplit (override)
9947 =head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker - create an extension Makefile
9957 =item How To Write A Makefile.PL
9959 =item Default Makefile Behaviour
9967 =item PREFIX and LIB attribute
9971 =item Static Linking of a new Perl Binary
9973 =item Determination of Perl Library and Installation Locations
9975 =item Which architecture dependent directory?
9977 =item Using Attributes and Parameters
9979 ABSTRACT, ABSTRACT_FROM, AUTHOR, BINARY_LOCATION, C, CAPI, CCFLAGS, CONFIG,
9980 CONFIGURE, DEFINE, DIR, DISTNAME, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, EXCLUDE_EXT,
9981 EXE_FILES, FIRST_MAKEFILE, FULLPERL, FUNCLIST, H, HTMLLIBPODS,
9982 HTMLSCRIPTPODS, IMPORTS, INC, INCLUDE_EXT, INSTALLARCHLIB, INSTALLBIN,
9983 INSTALLDIRS, INSTALLHTMLPRIVLIBDIR, INSTALLHTMLSCRIPTDIR,
9984 INSTALLHTMLSITELIBDIR, INSTALLMAN1DIR, INSTALLMAN3DIR, INSTALLPRIVLIB,
9985 INSTALLSCRIPT, INSTALLSITEARCH, INSTALLSITELIB, INST_ARCHLIB, INST_BIN,
9986 INST_EXE, INST_HTMLLIBDIR, INST_HTMLSCRIPTDIR, INST_LIB, INST_MAN1DIR,
9987 INST_MAN3DIR, INST_SCRIPT, LDFROM, LIB, LIBPERL_A, LIBS, LINKTYPE,
9988 MAKEAPERL, MAKEFILE, MAN1PODS, MAN3PODS, MAP_TARGET, MYEXTLIB, NAME,
9989 NEEDS_LINKING, NOECHO, NORECURS, NO_VC, OBJECT, OPTIMIZE, PERL, PERLMAINCC,
9990 PERL_ARCHLIB, PERL_LIB, PERL_MALLOC_OK, PERL_SRC, PERM_RW, PERM_RWX,
9991 PL_FILES, PM, PMLIBDIRS, PM_FILTER, POLLUTE, PPM_INSTALL_EXEC,
9992 PPM_INSTALL_SCRIPT, PREFIX, PREREQ_PM, SKIP, TYPEMAPS, VERSION,
9993 VERSION_FROM, XS, XSOPT, XSPROTOARG, XS_VERSION
9995 =item Additional lowercase attributes
9997 clean, depend, dist, dynamic_lib, linkext, macro, realclean, test,
10000 =item Overriding MakeMaker Methods
10002 =item Hintsfile support
10004 =item Distribution Support
10006 make distcheck, make skipcheck, make distclean, make manifest,
10007 make distdir, make tardist, make dist, make uutardist, make
10008 shdist, make zipdist, make ci
10010 =item Disabling an extension
10024 =head2 ExtUtils::Manifest - utilities to write and check a MANIFEST file
10032 =item MANIFEST.SKIP
10036 =item GLOBAL VARIABLES
10040 C<Not in MANIFEST:> I<file>, C<No such file:> I<file>, C<MANIFEST:> I<$!>,
10041 C<Added to MANIFEST:> I<file>
10045 B<PERL_MM_MANIFEST_DEBUG>
10053 =head2 ExtUtils::Miniperl, writemain - write the C code for perlmain.c
10065 =head2 ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap - make a bootstrap file for use by DynaLoader
10075 =head2 ExtUtils::Mksymlists - write linker options files for dynamic
10084 DLBASE, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, FILE, FUNCLIST, IMPORTS, NAME
10092 =head2 ExtUtils::Packlist - manage .packlist files
10104 new(), read(), write(), validate(), packlist_file()
10112 =head2 ExtUtils::testlib - add blib/* directories to @INC
10122 =head2 Fatal - replace functions with equivalents which succeed or die
10134 =head2 Fcntl - load the C Fcntl.h defines
10144 =item EXPORTED SYMBOLS
10148 =head2 File::Basename, fileparse - split a pathname into pieces
10156 fileparse_set_fstype, fileparse
10160 C<basename>, C<dirname>
10164 =head2 File::CheckTree, validate - run many filetest checks on a tree
10174 =head2 File::Compare - Compare files or filehandles
10188 =head2 File::Copy - Copy files or filehandles
10198 =item Special behaviour if C<syscopy> is defined (OS/2, VMS and Win32)
10200 rmscopy($from,$to[,$date_flag])
10210 =head2 File::DosGlob - DOS like globbing and then some
10218 =item EXPORTS (by request only)
10230 =head2 File::Find, find - traverse a file tree
10238 C<wanted>, C<bydepth>, C<preprocess>, C<postprocess>, C<follow>,
10239 C<follow_fast>, C<follow_skip>, C<no_chdir>, C<untaint>,
10240 C<untaint_pattern>, C<untaint_skip>
10246 =head2 File::Glob - Perl extension for BSD glob routine
10254 C<GLOB_ERR>, C<GLOB_LIMIT>, C<GLOB_MARK>, C<GLOB_NOCASE>, C<GLOB_NOCHECK>,
10255 C<GLOB_NOSORT>, C<GLOB_BRACE>, C<GLOB_NOMAGIC>, C<GLOB_QUOTE>,
10256 C<GLOB_TILDE>, C<GLOB_CSH>, C<GLOB_ALPHASORT>
10260 C<GLOB_NOSPACE>, C<GLOB_ABEND>
10268 =head2 File::Path - create or remove directory trees
10280 =head2 File::Spec - portably perform operations on file names
10294 =head2 File::Spec::Epoc - methods for Epoc file specs
10328 =head2 File::Spec::Functions - portably perform operations on file names
10346 =head2 File::Spec::Mac - File::Spec for MacOS
10374 file_name_is_absolute
10394 =head2 File::Spec::OS2 - methods for OS/2 file specs
10404 =head2 File::Spec::Unix - methods used by File::Spec
10436 file_name_is_absolute
10458 =head2 File::Spec::VMS - methods for VMS file specs
10474 =item Methods always loaded
10476 canonpath (override)
10494 case_tolerant (override)
10498 file_name_is_absolute (override)
10500 splitpath (override)
10502 splitdir (override)
10516 =head2 File::Spec::Win32 - methods for Win32 file specs
10546 =head2 File::Temp - return name and handle of a temporary file safely
10570 =item MKTEMP FUNCTIONS
10584 =item POSIX FUNCTIONS
10594 =item ADDITIONAL FUNCTIONS
10602 =item UTILITY FUNCTIONS
10610 =item PACKAGE VARIABLES
10612 B<safe_level>, STANDARD, MEDIUM, HIGH
10624 =item Temporary files and NFS
10636 =head2 File::stat - by-name interface to Perl's built-in stat() functions
10650 =head2 FileCache - keep more files open than the system permits
10662 =head2 FileHandle - supply object methods for filehandles
10670 $fh->print, $fh->printf, $fh->getline, $fh->getlines
10676 =head2 Filter::Simple - Simplified source filtering
10690 =item Disabling or changing <no> behaviour
10692 =item All-in-one interface
10704 =head2 Filter::Util::Call - Perl Source Filter Utility Module
10714 =item B<use Filter::Util::Call>
10718 =item B<filter() and anonymous sub>
10720 B<$_>, B<$status>, B<filter_read> and B<filter_read_exact>, B<filter_del>
10728 =item Example 1: A simple filter.
10730 =item Example 2: Using the context
10732 =item Example 3: Using the context within the filter
10734 =item Example 4: Using filter_del
10738 =item Filter::Simple
10746 =head2 FindBin - Locate directory of original perl script
10754 =item EXPORTABLE VARIABLES
10764 =head2 GDBM_File - Perl5 access to the gdbm library.
10780 =head2 Getopt::Long - Extended processing of command line options
10788 =item Command Line Options, an Introduction
10790 =item Getting Started with Getopt::Long
10794 =item Simple options
10796 =item A little bit less simple options
10798 =item Mixing command line option with other arguments
10800 =item Options with values
10802 =item Options with multiple values
10804 =item Options with hash values
10806 =item User-defined subroutines to handle options
10808 =item Options with multiple names
10810 =item Case and abbreviations
10812 =item Summary of Option Specifications
10814 !, +, s, i, f, : I<type> [ I<desttype> ]
10818 =item Advanced Possibilities
10822 =item Object oriented interface
10824 =item Documentation and help texts
10826 =item Storing options in a hash
10830 =item The lonesome dash
10832 =item Argument call-back
10836 =item Configuring Getopt::Long
10838 default, posix_default, auto_abbrev, getopt_compat, gnu_compat, gnu_getopt,
10839 require_order, permute, bundling (default: disabled), bundling_override
10840 (default: disabled), ignore_case (default: enabled), ignore_case_always
10841 (default: disabled), pass_through (default: disabled), prefix,
10842 prefix_pattern, debug (default: disabled)
10844 =item Return values and Errors
10850 =item Default destinations
10852 =item Alternative option starters
10854 =item Configuration variables
10858 =item Trouble Shooting
10862 =item Warning: Ignoring '!' modifier for short option
10864 =item GetOptions does not return a false result when an option is not
10871 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER
10875 =head2 Getopt::Std, getopt - Process single-character switches with switch
10886 =head2 I18N::Collate - compare 8-bit scalar data according to the current
10897 =head2 I18N::LangTags - functions for dealing with RFC3066-style language
10908 the function is_language_tag($lang1)
10910 the function extract_language_tags($whatever)
10912 the function same_language_tag($lang1, $lang2)
10914 the function similarity_language_tag($lang1, $lang2)
10916 the function is_dialect_of($lang1, $lang2)
10918 the function super_languages($lang1)
10920 the function locale2language_tag($locale_identifier)
10922 the function encode_language_tag($lang1)
10924 the function alternate_language_tags($lang1)
10928 =item ABOUT LOWERCASING
10930 =item ABOUT UNICODE PLAINTEXT LANGUAGE TAGS
10940 =head2 IO - load various IO modules
10950 =head2 IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory handles
10958 new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (),
10959 rewind (), close (), tie %hash, IO::Dir, DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ]
10969 =head2 IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles
10979 new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile
10983 open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] )
10991 =head2 IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O handles
11001 new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE )
11005 $io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines,
11006 $io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ), $io->error,
11007 $io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush ( ARGS ),
11008 $io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint
11020 =head2 IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes
11030 new ( [READER, WRITER] )
11034 reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles ()
11044 =head2 IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call
11054 mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ), remove (
11055 IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] )
11065 =head2 IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for I/O objects
11073 $io->getpos, $io->setpos, $io->seek ( POS, WHENCE ), WHENCE=0 (SEEK_SET),
11074 WHENCE=1 (SEEK_CUR), WHENCE=2 (SEEK_END), $io->sysseek( POS, WHENCE ),
11083 =head2 IO::Select - OO interface to the select system call
11093 new ( [ HANDLES ] )
11097 add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read (
11098 [ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ),
11099 count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, ERROR [, TIMEOUT ] )
11109 =head2 IO::Socket - Object interface to socket communications
11123 accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), atmark, connected,
11124 protocol, sockdomain, sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), socktype, timeout([VAL])
11134 =head2 IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for AF_INET domain sockets
11150 sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost
11163 =head2 IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for AF_UNIX domain sockets
11177 hostpath(), peerpath()
11187 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Dir, IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory
11196 new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (),
11197 rewind (), close (), tie %hash, IO::Dir, DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ]
11207 =head2 IO::lib::IO::File, IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles
11217 new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile
11221 open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] )
11229 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Handle, IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O
11240 new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE )
11244 $io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines,
11245 $io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ), $io->error,
11246 $io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush ( ARGS ),
11247 $io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint
11259 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Pipe, IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes
11269 new ( [READER, WRITER] )
11273 reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles ()
11283 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Poll, IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call
11293 mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ), remove (
11294 IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] )
11304 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Seekable, IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for
11313 $io->getpos, $io->setpos, $io->seek ( POS, WHENCE ), WHENCE=0 (SEEK_SET),
11314 WHENCE=1 (SEEK_CUR), WHENCE=2 (SEEK_END), $io->sysseek( POS, WHENCE ),
11323 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Select, IO::Select - OO interface to the select system
11334 new ( [ HANDLES ] )
11338 add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read (
11339 [ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ),
11340 count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, ERROR [, TIMEOUT ] )
11350 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket, IO::Socket - Object interface to socket
11365 accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), atmark, connected,
11366 protocol, sockdomain, sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), socktype, timeout([VAL])
11376 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket::INET, IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for
11377 AF_INET domain sockets
11393 sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost
11406 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket::UNIX, IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for
11407 AF_UNIX domain sockets
11421 hostpath(), peerpath()
11431 =head2 IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class
11441 new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set
11442 ( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [,
11453 =head2 IPC::Open2, open2 - open a process for both reading and writing
11467 =head2 IPC::Open3, open3 - open a process for reading, writing, and error
11480 =head2 IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object class
11490 new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ),
11491 getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ),
11492 set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N
11503 =head2 IPC::SysV - SysV IPC constants
11521 =head2 IPC::SysV::Msg, IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class
11531 new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set
11532 ( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [,
11543 =head2 IPC::SysV::Semaphore, IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object
11554 new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ),
11555 getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ),
11556 set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N
11567 =head2 List::Util - A selection of general-utility list subroutines
11575 first BLOCK LIST, max LIST, maxstr LIST, min LIST, minstr LIST, reduce
11576 BLOCK LIST, sum LIST
11578 =item SUGGESTED ADDITIONS
11584 =head2 List::Utilib::List::Util, List::Util - A selection of
11585 general-utility list subroutines
11593 first BLOCK LIST, max LIST, maxstr LIST, min LIST, minstr LIST, reduce
11594 BLOCK LIST, sum LIST
11596 =item SUGGESTED ADDITIONS
11602 =head2 List::Utilib::Scalar::Util, Scalar::Util - A selection of
11603 general-utility scalar subroutines
11611 blessed EXPR, dualvar NUM, STRING, isweak EXPR, readonly SCALAR, reftype
11612 EXPR, tainted EXPR, weaken REF
11620 =head2 Locale::Constants - constants for Locale codes
11628 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
11632 Locale::Language, Locale::Country, Locale::Currency
11640 =head2 Locale::Country - ISO codes for country identification (ISO 3166)
11652 B<alpha-2>, B<alpha-3>, B<numeric>
11658 =item CONVERSION ROUTINES
11660 code2country( CODE, [ CODESET ] ), country2code( STRING, [ CODESET ] ),
11661 country_code2code( CODE, CODESET, CODESET )
11667 =item QUERY ROUTINES
11669 C<all_country_codes( [ CODESET ] )>, C<all_country_names( [ CODESET ] )>
11675 =item CODE ALIASING
11685 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
11689 Locale::Language, Locale::Currency, ISO 3166,
11690 http://www.din.de/gremien/nas/nabd/iso3166ma/,
11691 http://www.egt.ie/standards/iso3166/iso3166-1-en.html,
11692 http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/docs/app-f.html
11700 =head2 Locale::Currency - ISO three letter codes for currency
11701 identification (ISO 4217)
11719 =item CONVERSION ROUTINES
11721 code2currency(), currency2code()
11727 =item QUERY ROUTINES
11729 C<all_currency_codes()>, C<all_currency_names()>
11737 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
11741 Locale::Country, ISO 4217:1995, http://www.bsi-global.com/iso4217currency
11749 =head2 Locale::Language - ISO two letter codes for language identification
11766 =item CONVERSION ROUTINES
11768 code2language(), language2code()
11774 =item QUERY ROUTINES
11776 C<all_language_codes()>, C<all_language_names()>
11784 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
11788 Locale::Country, Locale::Currency, ISO 639:1988 (E/F),
11789 http://lcweb.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/langhome.html
11797 =head2 Locale::Maketext -- framework for localization
11805 =item QUICK OVERVIEW
11811 =item Construction Methods
11813 $lh = YourProjClass->get_handle( ...langtags... ) || die "lg-handle?";, $lh
11814 = YourProjClass->get_handleB<()> || die "lg-handle?";, $lh =
11815 YourProjClass::langname->new();, $lh->init();,
11816 YourProjClass->fallback_languages(),
11817 YourProjClass->fallback_language_classes()
11819 =item The "maketext" Method
11821 $lh->fail_with I<or> $lh->fail_with(I<PARAM>), $lh->failure_handler_auto
11823 =item Utility Methods
11825 $language->quant($number, $singular), $language->quant($number, $singular,
11826 $plural), $language->quant($number, $singular, $plural, $negative),
11827 $language->numf($number), $language->sprintf($format, @items),
11828 $language->language_tag(), $language->encoding()
11830 =item Language Handle Attributes and Internals
11834 =item LANGUAGE CLASS HIERARCHIES
11836 =item ENTRIES IN EACH LEXICON
11838 =item BRACKET NOTATION
11840 =item AUTO LEXICONS
11842 =item CONTROLLING LOOKUP FAILURE
11844 =item HOW TO USE MAKETEXT
11848 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER
11854 =head2 Locale::Maketext::TPJ13 -- article about software localization
11862 =item Localization and Perl: gettext breaks, Maketext fixes
11866 =item A Localization Horror Story: It Could Happen To You
11868 =item The Linguistic View
11870 =item Breaking gettext
11872 =item Replacing gettext
11874 =item Buzzwords: Abstraction and Encapsulation
11876 =item Buzzword: Isomorphism
11878 =item Buzzword: Inheritance
11880 =item Buzzword: Concision
11882 =item The Devil in the Details
11884 =item The Proof in the Pudding: Localizing Web Sites
11892 =head2 MIME::Base64 - Encoding and decoding of base64 strings
11900 encode_base64($str, [$eol]), decode_base64($str)
11904 Premature end of base64 data, Premature padding of base64 data
11912 =head2 MIME::Base64::QuotedPrint, MIME::QuotedPrint - Encoding and decoding
11913 of quoted-printable strings
11921 encode_qp($str), decode_qp($str);
11927 =head2 MIME::QuotedPrint - Encoding and decoding of quoted-printable
11936 encode_qp($str), decode_qp($str);
11942 =head2 Math::BigFloat - Arbitrary length float math package
11950 number format, Error returns 'NaN', Division is computed to, Rounding is
11959 =head2 Math::BigInt - Arbitrary size integer math package
11967 Canonical notation, Input, Output
11971 =item Autocreating constants
11979 =head2 Math::Complex - complex numbers and associated mathematical
11992 =item STRINGIFICATION
11996 =item CHANGED IN PERL 5.6
12002 =item ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO OR LOGARITHM OF ZERO
12004 =item ERRORS DUE TO INDIGESTIBLE ARGUMENTS
12012 =head2 Math::Trig - trigonometric functions
12020 =item TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS
12026 =item ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO
12028 =item SIMPLE (REAL) ARGUMENTS, COMPLEX RESULTS
12032 =item PLANE ANGLE CONVERSIONS
12034 =item RADIAL COORDINATE CONVERSIONS
12038 =item COORDINATE SYSTEMS
12040 =item 3-D ANGLE CONVERSIONS
12042 cartesian_to_cylindrical, cartesian_to_spherical, cylindrical_to_cartesian,
12043 cylindrical_to_spherical, spherical_to_cartesian, spherical_to_cylindrical
12047 =item GREAT CIRCLE DISTANCES AND DIRECTIONS
12053 =item CAVEAT FOR GREAT CIRCLE FORMULAS
12063 =head2 NDBM_File - Tied access to ndbm files
12071 C<O_RDONLY>, C<O_WRONLY>, C<O_RDWR>
12077 =item C<ndbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...>
12081 =item BUGS AND WARNINGS
12085 =head2 NEXT - Provide a pseudo-class NEXT that allows method redispatch
12095 =item BUGS AND IRRITATIONS
12101 =head2 Net::Ping - check a remote host for reachability
12109 icmp, udp, tcp, stream, external
12115 Net::Ping->new([$proto [, $def_timeout [, $bytes]]]);, $p->ping($host [,
12116 $timeout]);, $p->open($host);, $p->close();, pingecho($host [, $timeout]);
12124 =head2 Net::hostent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gethost*()
12141 =head2 Net::netent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getnet*()
12158 =head2 Net::protoent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getproto*()
12173 =head2 Net::servent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getserv*()
12190 =head2 O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends
12200 =item IMPLEMENTATION
12206 =head2 ODBM_File - Tied access to odbm files
12214 C<O_RDONLY>, C<O_WRONLY>, C<O_RDWR>
12220 =item C<odbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...>
12224 =item BUGS AND WARNINGS
12228 =head2 Opcode - Disable named opcodes when compiling perl code
12240 =item Operator Names and Operator Lists
12242 an operator name (opname), an operator tag name (optag), a negated opname
12243 or optag, an operator set (opset)
12245 =item Opcode Functions
12247 opcodes, opset (OP, ...), opset_to_ops (OPSET), opset_to_hex (OPSET),
12248 full_opset, empty_opset, invert_opset (OPSET), verify_opset (OPSET, ...),
12249 define_optag (OPTAG, OPSET), opmask_add (OPSET), opmask, opdesc (OP, ...),
12252 =item Manipulating Opsets
12254 =item TO DO (maybe)
12260 =item Predefined Opcode Tags
12262 :base_core, :base_mem, :base_loop, :base_io, :base_orig, :base_math,
12263 :base_thread, :default, :filesys_read, :sys_db, :browse, :filesys_open,
12264 :filesys_write, :subprocess, :ownprocess, :others, :still_to_be_decided,
12273 =head2 Opcode::Safe, Safe - Compile and execute code in restricted
12282 a new namespace, an operator mask
12288 =item RECENT CHANGES
12290 =item Methods in class Safe
12292 permit (OP, ...), permit_only (OP, ...), deny (OP, ...), deny_only (OP,
12293 ...), trap (OP, ...), untrap (OP, ...), share (NAME, ...), share_from
12294 (PACKAGE, ARRAYREF), varglob (VARNAME), reval (STRING), rdo (FILENAME),
12295 root (NAMESPACE), mask (MASK)
12297 =item Some Safety Issues
12299 Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes
12307 =head2 Opcode::ops, ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when
12320 =head2 POSIX - Perl interface to IEEE Std 1003.1
12334 _exit, abort, abs, access, acos, alarm, asctime, asin, assert, atan, atan2,
12335 atexit, atof, atoi, atol, bsearch, calloc, ceil, chdir, chmod, chown,
12336 clearerr, clock, close, closedir, cos, cosh, creat, ctermid, ctime,
12337 cuserid, difftime, div, dup, dup2, errno, execl, execle, execlp, execv,
12338 execve, execvp, exit, exp, fabs, fclose, fcntl, fdopen, feof, ferror,
12339 fflush, fgetc, fgetpos, fgets, fileno, floor, fmod, fopen, fork, fpathconf,
12340 fprintf, fputc, fputs, fread, free, freopen, frexp, fscanf, fseek, fsetpos,
12341 fstat, ftell, fwrite, getc, getchar, getcwd, getegid, getenv, geteuid,
12342 getgid, getgrgid, getgrnam, getgroups, getlogin, getpgrp, getpid, getppid,
12343 getpwnam, getpwuid, gets, getuid, gmtime, isalnum, isalpha, isatty,
12344 iscntrl, isdigit, isgraph, islower, isprint, ispunct, isspace, isupper,
12345 isxdigit, kill, labs, ldexp, ldiv, link, localeconv, localtime, log, log10,
12346 longjmp, lseek, malloc, mblen, mbstowcs, mbtowc, memchr, memcmp, memcpy,
12347 memmove, memset, mkdir, mkfifo, mktime, modf, nice, offsetof, open,
12348 opendir, pathconf, pause, perror, pipe, pow, printf, putc, putchar, puts,
12349 qsort, raise, rand, read, readdir, realloc, remove, rename, rewind,
12350 rewinddir, rmdir, scanf, setgid, setjmp, setlocale, setpgid, setsid,
12351 setuid, sigaction, siglongjmp, sigpending, sigprocmask, sigsetjmp,
12352 sigsuspend, sin, sinh, sleep, sprintf, sqrt, srand, sscanf, stat, strcat,
12353 strchr, strcmp, strcoll, strcpy, strcspn, strerror, strftime, strlen,
12354 strncat, strncmp, strncpy, strpbrk, strrchr, strspn, strstr, strtod,
12355 strtok, strtol, strtoul, strxfrm, sysconf, system, tan, tanh, tcdrain,
12356 tcflow, tcflush, tcgetpgrp, tcsendbreak, tcsetpgrp, time, times, tmpfile,
12357 tmpnam, tolower, toupper, ttyname, tzname, tzset, umask, uname, ungetc,
12358 unlink, utime, vfprintf, vprintf, vsprintf, wait, waitpid, wcstombs,
12365 =item POSIX::SigAction
12369 =item POSIX::SigSet
12371 new, addset, delset, emptyset, fillset, ismember
12373 =item POSIX::Termios
12375 new, getattr, getcc, getcflag, getiflag, getispeed, getlflag, getoflag,
12376 getospeed, setattr, setcc, setcflag, setiflag, setispeed, setlflag,
12377 setoflag, setospeed, Baud rate values, Terminal interface values, c_cc
12378 field values, c_cflag field values, c_iflag field values, c_lflag field
12379 values, c_oflag field values
12383 =item PATHNAME CONSTANTS
12387 =item POSIX CONSTANTS
12391 =item SYSTEM CONFIGURATION
12449 =head2 PerlIO - On demand loader for PerlIO layers and root of PerlIO::*
12458 unix, stdio, perlio, crlf, utf8, raw
12462 =item Defaults and how to override them
12472 =head2 PerlIO::Scalar - support module for in-memory IO.
12482 =head2 PerlIO::Via - Helper class for PerlIO layers implemented in perl
12490 $class->PUSHED([$mode][,$fh]), $obj->POPPED([$fh]),
12491 $class->OPEN($path,$mode[,$fh]), $class->FDOPEN($fd),
12492 $class->SYSOPEN($path,$imode,$perm,$fh), $obj->FILENO($fh),
12493 $obj->READ($buffer,$len,$fh), $obj->WRITE($buffer,$fh), $obj->FILL($fh),
12494 $obj->CLOSE($fh), $obj->SEEK($posn,$whence,$fh), $obj->TELL($fh),
12495 $obj->UNREAD($buffer,$fh), $obj->FLUSH($fh), $obj->SETLINEBUF($fh),
12496 $obj->CLEARERR($fh), $obj->ERROR($fh), $obj->EOF($fh)
12500 =head2 Pod::Checker, podchecker() - check pod documents for syntax errors
12506 =item OPTIONS/ARGUMENTS
12512 B<-warnings> =E<gt> I<val>
12524 empty =headn, =over on line I<N> without closing =back, =item without
12525 previous =over, =back without previous =over, No argument for =begin, =end
12526 without =begin, Nested =begin's, =for without formatter specification,
12527 unresolved internal link I<NAME>, Unknown command "I<CMD>", Unknown
12528 interior-sequence "I<SEQ>", nested commands
12529 I<CMD>E<lt>...I<CMD>E<lt>...E<gt>...E<gt>, garbled entity I<STRING>, Entity
12530 number out of range, malformed link LE<lt>E<gt>, nonempty ZE<lt>E<gt>,
12531 empty XE<lt>E<gt>, Spurious text after =pod / =cut, Spurious character(s)
12536 multiple occurence of link target I<name>, line containing nothing but
12537 whitespace in paragraph, file does not start with =head, previous =item has
12538 no contents, preceding non-item paragraph(s), =item type mismatch (I<one>
12539 vs. I<two>), I<N> unescaped C<E<lt>E<gt>> in paragraph, Unknown entity, No
12540 items in =over, No argument for =item, empty section in previous paragraph,
12541 Verbatim paragraph in NAME section
12545 ignoring leading/trailing whitespace in link, (section) in '$page'
12546 deprecated, alternative text/node '%s' contains non-escaped | or /
12558 C<Pod::Checker-E<gt>new( %options )>
12560 C<$checker-E<gt>poderror( @args )>, C<$checker-E<gt>poderror( {%opts},
12563 C<$checker-E<gt>num_errors()>
12565 C<$checker-E<gt>name()>
12567 C<$checker-E<gt>node()>
12569 C<$checker-E<gt>idx()>
12571 C<$checker-E<gt>hyperlink()>
12579 =head2 Pod::Find - find POD documents in directory trees
12591 =item C<pod_find( { %opts } , @directories )>
12593 C<-verbose =E<gt> 1>, C<-perl =E<gt> 1>, C<-script =E<gt> 1>, C<-inc =E<gt>
12600 =item C<simplify_name( $str )>
12606 =item C<pod_where( { %opts }, $pod )>
12608 C<-inc =E<gt> 1>, C<-dirs =E<gt> [ $dir1, $dir2, ... ]>, C<-verbose =E<gt>
12615 =item C<contains_pod( $file , $verbose )>
12627 =head2 Pod::Html - module to convert pod files to HTML
12637 backlink, cachedir, css, flush, header, help, htmldir, htmlroot, index,
12638 infile, libpods, netscape, outfile, podpath, podroot, quiet, recurse,
12653 =head2 Pod::InputObjects - objects representing POD input paragraphs,
12666 package B<Pod::InputSource>, package B<Pod::Paragraph>, package
12667 B<Pod::InteriorSequence>, package B<Pod::ParseTree>
12673 =item B<Pod::InputSource>
12697 =item B<was_cutting()>
12703 =item B<Pod::Paragraph>
12709 =item Pod::Paragraph-E<gt>B<new()>
12715 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<cmd_name()>
12721 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<text()>
12727 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<raw_text()>
12733 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<cmd_prefix()>
12739 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<cmd_separator()>
12745 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<parse_tree()>
12751 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<file_line()>
12757 =item B<Pod::InteriorSequence>
12763 =item Pod::InteriorSequence-E<gt>B<new()>
12769 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<cmd_name()>
12775 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<prepend()>
12781 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<append()>
12787 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<nested()>
12793 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<raw_text()>
12799 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<left_delimiter()>
12805 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<right_delimiter()>
12811 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<parse_tree()>
12817 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<file_line()>
12823 =item Pod::InteriorSequence::B<DESTROY()>
12829 =item B<Pod::ParseTree>
12835 =item Pod::ParseTree-E<gt>B<new()>
12841 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<top()>
12847 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<children()>
12853 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<prepend()>
12859 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<append()>
12865 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<raw_text()>
12871 =item Pod::ParseTree::B<DESTROY()>
12883 =head2 Pod::LaTeX - Convert Pod data to formatted Latex
12895 =item OBJECT METHODS
12903 =item Data Accessors
12919 B<ReplaceNAMEwithSection>
12921 B<StartWithNewPage>
12935 =item Subclassed methods
12949 B<interior_sequence>
12965 =item Methods for headings
12973 =item Internal methods
12979 B<_replace_special_chars>
12985 B<_clean_latex_commands>
13001 =head2 Pod::Man - Convert POD data to formatted *roff input
13009 center, date, fixed, fixedbold, fixeditalic, fixedbolditalic, quotes,
13014 roff font should be 1 or 2 chars, not "%s", Invalid link %s, Invalid quote
13015 specification "%s", %s:%d: Unknown command paragraph "%s", Unknown escape
13016 EE<lt>%sE<gt>, Unknown sequence %s, %s: Unknown command paragraph "%s" on
13017 line %d, Unmatched =back
13027 =head2 Pod::ParseUtils - helpers for POD parsing and conversion
13041 Pod::List-E<gt>new()
13049 $list-E<gt>indent()
13057 $list-E<gt>parent()
13063 =item Pod::Hyperlink
13065 Pod::Hyperlink-E<gt>new()
13069 $link-E<gt>parse($string)
13071 $link-E<gt>markup($string)
13075 $link-E<gt>warning()
13077 $link-E<gt>file(), $link-E<gt>line()
13083 $link-E<gt>alttext()
13093 Pod::Cache-E<gt>new()
13099 $cache-E<gt>find_page($name)
13103 =item Pod::Cache::Item
13105 Pod::Cache::Item-E<gt>new()
13109 $cacheitem-E<gt>page()
13111 $cacheitem-E<gt>description()
13113 $cacheitem-E<gt>path()
13115 $cacheitem-E<gt>file()
13117 $cacheitem-E<gt>nodes()
13119 $cacheitem-E<gt>find_node($name)
13121 $cacheitem-E<gt>idx()
13131 =head2 Pod::Parser - base class for creating POD filters and translators
13143 =item QUICK OVERVIEW
13145 =item PARSING OPTIONS
13147 B<-want_nonPODs> (default: unset), B<-process_cut_cmd> (default: unset),
13148 B<-warnings> (default: unset)
13154 =item RECOMMENDED SUBROUTINE/METHOD OVERRIDES
13162 C<$cmd>, C<$text>, C<$line_num>, C<$pod_para>
13168 =item B<verbatim()>
13170 C<$text>, C<$line_num>, C<$pod_para>
13176 =item B<textblock()>
13178 C<$text>, C<$line_num>, C<$pod_para>
13184 =item B<interior_sequence()>
13190 =item OPTIONAL SUBROUTINE/METHOD OVERRIDES
13202 =item B<initialize()>
13208 =item B<begin_pod()>
13214 =item B<begin_input()>
13220 =item B<end_input()>
13232 =item B<preprocess_line()>
13238 =item B<preprocess_paragraph()>
13244 =item METHODS FOR PARSING AND PROCESSING
13250 =item B<parse_text()>
13252 B<-expand_seq> =E<gt> I<code-ref>|I<method-name>, B<-expand_text> =E<gt>
13253 I<code-ref>|I<method-name>, B<-expand_ptree> =E<gt>
13254 I<code-ref>|I<method-name>
13260 =item B<interpolate()>
13266 =item B<parse_paragraph()>
13272 =item B<parse_from_filehandle()>
13278 =item B<parse_from_file()>
13284 =item ACCESSOR METHODS
13290 =item B<errorsub()>
13302 =item B<parseopts()>
13308 =item B<output_file()>
13314 =item B<output_handle()>
13320 =item B<input_file()>
13326 =item B<input_handle()>
13332 =item B<input_streams()>
13338 =item B<top_stream()>
13344 =item PRIVATE METHODS AND DATA
13350 =item B<_push_input_stream()>
13356 =item B<_pop_input_stream()>
13362 =item TREE-BASED PARSING
13370 =head2 Pod::Plainer - Perl extension for converting Pod to old style Pod.
13390 =head2 Pod::Select, podselect() - extract selected sections of POD from
13403 =item SECTION SPECIFICATIONS
13405 =item RANGE SPECIFICATIONS
13411 =item OBJECT METHODS
13417 =item B<curr_headings()>
13429 =item B<add_selection()>
13435 =item B<clear_selections()>
13441 =item B<match_section()>
13447 =item B<is_selected()>
13453 =item EXPORTED FUNCTIONS
13459 =item B<podselect()>
13461 B<-output>, B<-sections>, B<-ranges>
13467 =item PRIVATE METHODS AND DATA
13473 =item B<_compile_section_spec()>
13479 =item $self->{_SECTION_HEADINGS}
13485 =item $self->{_SELECTED_SECTIONS}
13497 =head2 Pod::Text - Convert POD data to formatted ASCII text
13505 alt, indent, loose, quotes, sentence, width
13509 Bizarre space in item, Can't open %s for reading: %s, Invalid quote
13510 specification "%s", %s:%d: Unknown command paragraph "%s", Unknown escape:
13511 %s, Unknown sequence: %s, Unmatched =back
13523 =head2 Pod::Text::Color - Convert POD data to formatted color ASCII text
13539 =head2 Pod::Text::Overstrike - Convert POD data to formatted overstrike
13556 =head2 Pod::Text::Termcap, Pod::Text::Color - Convert POD data to ASCII
13557 text with format escapes
13571 =head2 Pod::Usage, pod2usage() - print a usage message from embedded pod
13580 C<-message>, C<-msg>, C<-exitval>, C<-verbose>, C<-output>, C<-input>,
13589 =item Recommended Use
13597 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
13601 =head2 SDBM_File - Tied access to sdbm files
13609 C<O_RDONLY>, C<O_WRONLY>, C<O_RDWR>
13615 =item C<sdbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...>
13619 =item BUGS AND WARNINGS
13623 =head2 Safe - Compile and execute code in restricted compartments
13631 a new namespace, an operator mask
13637 =item RECENT CHANGES
13639 =item Methods in class Safe
13641 permit (OP, ...), permit_only (OP, ...), deny (OP, ...), deny_only (OP,
13642 ...), trap (OP, ...), untrap (OP, ...), share (NAME, ...), share_from
13643 (PACKAGE, ARRAYREF), varglob (VARNAME), reval (STRING), rdo (FILENAME),
13644 root (NAMESPACE), mask (MASK)
13646 =item Some Safety Issues
13648 Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes
13656 =head2 Scalar::Util - A selection of general-utility scalar subroutines
13664 blessed EXPR, dualvar NUM, STRING, isweak EXPR, readonly SCALAR, reftype
13665 EXPR, tainted EXPR, weaken REF
13673 =head2 Search::Dict, look - search for key in dictionary file
13683 =head2 SelectSaver - save and restore selected file handle
13693 =head2 SelfLoader - load functions only on demand
13703 =item The __DATA__ token
13705 =item SelfLoader autoloading
13707 =item Autoloading and package lexicals
13709 =item SelfLoader and AutoLoader
13711 =item __DATA__, __END__, and the FOOBAR::DATA filehandle.
13713 =item Classes and inherited methods.
13717 =item Multiple packages and fully qualified subroutine names
13721 =head2 Shell - run shell commands transparently within perl
13731 =item OBJECT ORIENTED SYNTAX
13739 =head2 Socket, sockaddr_in, sockaddr_un, inet_aton, inet_ntoa - load the C
13740 socket.h defines and structure manipulators
13748 inet_aton HOSTNAME, inet_ntoa IP_ADDRESS, INADDR_ANY, INADDR_BROADCAST,
13749 INADDR_LOOPBACK, INADDR_NONE, sockaddr_in PORT, ADDRESS, sockaddr_in
13750 SOCKADDR_IN, pack_sockaddr_in PORT, IP_ADDRESS, unpack_sockaddr_in
13751 SOCKADDR_IN, sockaddr_un PATHNAME, sockaddr_un SOCKADDR_UN,
13752 pack_sockaddr_un PATH, unpack_sockaddr_un SOCKADDR_UN
13756 =head2 Storable - persistency for perl data structures
13766 =item ADVISORY LOCKING
13770 =item CANONICAL REPRESENTATION
13772 =item ERROR REPORTING
13780 C<STORABLE_freeze> I<obj>, I<cloning>, C<STORABLE_thaw> I<obj>, I<cloning>,
13785 C<Storable::last_op_in_netorder>, C<Storable::is_storing>,
13786 C<Storable::is_retrieving>
13810 =head2 Switch - A switch statement for Perl
13824 =item Allowing fall-through
13826 =item Automating fall-through
13828 =item Higher-order Operations
13842 =head2 Symbol - manipulate Perl symbols and their names
13852 =head2 Sys::Hostname - Try every conceivable way to get hostname
13864 =head2 Syslog, Sys::Syslog, openlog, closelog, setlogmask, syslog - Perl
13865 interface to the UNIX syslog(3) calls
13873 openlog $ident, $logopt, $facility, syslog $priority, $format, @args,
13874 setlogmask $mask_priority, setlogsock $sock_type (added in 5.004_02),
13885 =head2 Syslog::Syslog, Sys::Syslog, openlog, closelog, setlogmask, syslog -
13886 Perl interface to the UNIX syslog(3) calls
13894 openlog $ident, $logopt, $facility, syslog $priority, $format, @args,
13895 setlogmask $mask_priority, setlogsock $sock_type (added in 5.004_02),
13906 =head2 Term::ANSIColor - Color screen output using ANSI escape sequences
13916 Invalid attribute name %s, Name "%s" used only once: possible typo, No
13917 comma allowed after filehandle, Bareword "%s" not allowed while "strict
13928 =head2 Term::Cap - Perl termcap interface
13940 =head2 Term::Complete - Perl word completion module
13948 E<lt>tabE<gt>, ^D, ^U, E<lt>delE<gt>, E<lt>bsE<gt>
13958 =head2 Term::ReadLine - Perl interface to various C<readline> packages. If
13959 no real package is found, substitutes stubs instead of basic functions.
13967 =item Minimal set of supported functions
13969 C<ReadLine>, C<new>, C<readline>, C<addhistory>, C<IN>, $C<OUT>,
13970 C<MinLine>, C<findConsole>, Attribs, C<Features>
13972 =item Additional supported functions
13974 C<tkRunning>, C<ornaments>, C<newTTY>
13984 =head2 Test - provides a simple framework for writing test scripts
13994 NORMAL TESTS, SKIPPED TESTS, TODO TESTS
14006 =head2 Test::Harness - run perl standard test scripts with statistics
14016 =item The test script output
14018 B<'1..M'>, B<'ok', 'not ok'. Ok?>, B<test numbers>,
14019 B<$Test::Harness::verbose>, B<$Test::Harness::switches>, B<Skipping tests>,
14020 B<Todo tests>, B<Bail out!>, B<Comments>
14028 C<All tests successful.\nFiles=%d, Tests=%d, %s>, C<FAILED tests
14029 %s\n\tFailed %d/%d tests, %.2f%% okay.>, C<Test returned status %d (wstat
14030 %d)>, C<Failed 1 test, %.2f%% okay. %s>, C<Failed %d/%d tests, %.2f%% okay.
14031 %s>, C<FAILED--Further testing stopped%s>
14035 C<HARNESS_IGNORE_EXITCODE>, C<HARNESS_NOTTY>, C<HARNESS_COMPILE_TEST>,
14036 C<HARNESS_FILELEAK_IN_DIR>, C<HARNESS_PERL_SWITCHES>, C<HARNESS_COLUMNS>,
14047 =head2 Text::Abbrev, abbrev - create an abbreviation table from a list
14059 =head2 Text::Balanced - Extract delimited text sequences from strings.
14069 =item General behaviour in list contexts
14073 =item General behaviour in scalar and void contexts
14075 =item A note about prefixes
14077 =item C<extract_delimited>
14079 =item C<extract_bracketed>
14081 =item C<extract_tagged>
14083 C<reject =E<gt> $listref>, C<ignore =E<gt> $listref>, C<fail =E<gt> $str>,
14084 [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5]
14086 =item C<gen_extract_tagged>
14088 =item C<extract_quotelike>
14090 [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [10]
14092 =item C<extract_quotelike> and "here documents"
14094 [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7..10]
14096 =item C<extract_codeblock>
14098 =item C<extract_multiple>
14100 =item C<gen_delimited_pat>
14106 C<Did not find a suitable bracket: "%s">, C<Did not find prefix: /%s/>,
14107 C<Did not find opening bracket after prefix: "%s">, C<No quotelike
14108 operator found after prefix: "%s">, C<Unmatched closing bracket: "%c">,
14109 C<Unmatched opening bracket(s): "%s">, C<Unmatched embedded quote (%s)>,
14110 C<Did not find closing delimiter to match '%s'>, C<Mismatched closing
14111 bracket: expected "%c" but found "%s">, C<No block delimiter found after
14112 quotelike "%s">, C<Did not find leading dereferencer>, C<Bad identifier
14113 after dereferencer>, C<Did not find expected opening bracket at %s>,
14114 C<Improperly nested codeblock at %s>, C<Missing second block for quotelike
14115 "%s">, C<No match found for opening bracket>, C<Did not find opening tag:
14116 /%s/>, C<Unable to construct closing tag to match: /%s/>, C<Found invalid
14117 nested tag: %s>, C<Found unbalanced nested tag: %s>, C<Did not find closing
14122 =item BUGS AND IRRITATIONS
14128 =head2 Text::ParseWords - parse text into an array of tokens or array of
14143 =head2 Text::Soundex - Implementation of the Soundex Algorithm as Described
14160 =head2 Text::Tabs -- expand and unexpand tabs per the unix expand(1) and
14175 =head2 Text::Wrap - line wrapping to form simple paragraphs
14189 =head2 Thread - manipulate threads in Perl (EXPERIMENTAL, subject to
14202 new \&start_sub, new \&start_sub, LIST, lock VARIABLE, async BLOCK;,
14203 Thread->self, Thread->list, cond_wait VARIABLE, cond_signal VARIABLE,
14204 cond_broadcast VARIABLE, yield
14208 join, eval, detach, equal, tid, flags, done
14216 =head2 Thread::Queue - thread-safe queues
14224 =item FUNCTIONS AND METHODS
14226 new, enqueue LIST, dequeue, dequeue_nb, pending
14232 =head2 Thread::Semaphore - thread-safe semaphores
14240 =item FUNCTIONS AND METHODS
14242 new, new NUMBER, down, down NUMBER, up, up NUMBER
14246 =head2 Thread::Signal - Start a thread which runs signal handlers reliably
14258 =head2 Thread::Specific - thread-specific keys
14268 =head2 Tie::Array - base class for tied arrays
14276 TIEARRAY classname, LIST, STORE this, index, value, FETCH this, index,
14277 FETCHSIZE this, STORESIZE this, count, EXTEND this, count, EXISTS this,
14278 key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, DESTROY this, PUSH this, LIST, POP this,
14279 SHIFT this, UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST
14287 =head2 Tie::Handle, Tie::StdHandle - base class definitions for tied
14296 TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, WRITE this, scalar, length, offset, PRINT this,
14297 LIST, PRINTF this, format, LIST, READ this, scalar, length, offset,
14298 READLINE this, GETC this, CLOSE this, OPEN this, filename, BINMODE this,
14299 EOF this, TELL this, SEEK this, offset, whence, DESTROY this
14301 =item MORE INFORMATION
14303 =item COMPATIBILITY
14307 =head2 Tie::Hash, Tie::StdHash - base class definitions for tied hashes
14315 TIEHASH classname, LIST, STORE this, key, value, FETCH this, key, FIRSTKEY
14316 this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, EXISTS this, key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this
14320 =item MORE INFORMATION
14324 =head2 Tie::RefHash - use references as hash keys
14342 =head2 Tie::Scalar, Tie::StdScalar - base class definitions for tied
14351 TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, DESTROY this
14353 =item MORE INFORMATION
14357 =head2 Tie::SubstrHash - Fixed-table-size, fixed-key-length hashing
14369 =head2 Time::HiRes - High resolution ualarm, usleep, and gettimeofday
14377 gettimeofday (), usleep ( $useconds ), ualarm ( $useconds [,
14378 $interval_useconds ] ), tv_interval, time (), sleep ( $floating_seconds ),
14379 alarm ( $floating_seconds [, $interval_floating_seconds ] ), setitimer,
14380 getitimer ( $which )
14396 =head2 Time::Local - efficiently compute time from local and GMT time
14404 =item IMPLEMENTATION
14410 =head2 Time::Piece - Object Oriented time objects
14422 =item Local Locales
14424 =item Date Calculations
14426 =item Date Comparisons
14428 =item YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ss
14432 =item Global Overriding
14450 =head2 Time::Piece::Seconds, Time::Seconds - a simple API to convert
14451 seconds to other date values
14469 =head2 Time::Seconds - a simple API to convert seconds to other date values
14487 =head2 Time::gmtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gmtime()
14502 =head2 Time::localtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in localtime()
14517 =head2 Time::tm - internal object used by Time::gmtime and Time::localtime
14529 =head2 UNIVERSAL - base class for ALL classes (blessed references)
14537 isa ( TYPE ), can ( METHOD ), VERSION ( [ REQUIRE ] ), UNIVERSAL::isa (
14538 VAL, TYPE ), UNIVERSAL::can ( VAL, METHOD )
14542 =head2 User::grent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getgr*()
14557 =head2 User::pwent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getpw*()
14568 =item System Specifics
14582 =head2 Win32 - Interfaces to some Win32 API Functions
14590 =item Alphabetical Listing of Win32 Functions
14592 Win32::AbortSystemShutdown(MACHINE), Win32::BuildNumber(),
14593 Win32::CopyFile(FROM, TO, OVERWRITE), Win32::DomainName(),
14594 Win32::ExpandEnvironmentStrings(STRING), Win32::FormatMessage(ERRORCODE),
14595 Win32::FsType(), Win32::FreeLibrary(HANDLE), Win32::GetArchName(),
14596 Win32::GetChipName(), Win32::GetCwd(), Win32::GetFullPathName(FILENAME),
14597 Win32::GetLastError(), Win32::GetLongPathName(PATHNAME),
14598 Win32::GetNextAvailDrive(), Win32::GetOSVersion(),
14599 Win32::GetShortPathName(PATHNAME), Win32::GetProcAddress(INSTANCE,
14600 PROCNAME), Win32::GetTickCount(), Win32::InitiateSystemShutdown,
14601 Win32::IsWinNT(), Win32::IsWin95(), Win32::LoadLibrary(LIBNAME),
14602 Win32::LoginName(), Win32::LookupAccountName(SYSTEM, ACCOUNT, DOMAIN, SID,
14603 SIDTYPE), Win32::LookupAccountSID(SYSTEM, SID, ACCOUNT, DOMAIN, SIDTYPE),
14604 Win32::MsgBox(MESSAGE [, FLAGS [, TITLE]]), Win32::NodeName(),
14605 Win32::RegisterServer(LIBRARYNAME), Win32::SetCwd(NEWDIRECTORY),
14606 Win32::SetLastError(ERROR), Win32::Sleep(TIME), Win32::Spawn(COMMAND, ARGS,
14607 PID), Win32::UnregisterServer(LIBRARYNAME)
14613 =head2 XS::Typemap - module to test the XS typemaps distributed with perl
14631 =head2 XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code
14643 =head1 AUXILIARY DOCUMENTATION
14645 Here should be listed all the extra programs' documentation, but they
14646 don't all have manual pages yet:
14672 Larry Wall <F<larry@wall.org>>, with the help of oodles