4 perltoc - perl documentation table of contents
8 This page provides a brief table of contents for the rest of the Perl
9 documentation set. It is meant to be scanned quickly or grepped
10 through to locate the proper section you're looking for.
12 =head1 BASIC DOCUMENTATION
14 =head2 perl - Practical Extraction and Report Language
26 =item Reference Manual
28 =item Internals and C Language Interface
32 =item Language-Specific
34 =item Platform-Specific
58 =head2 perlintro -- a brief introduction and overview of Perl
68 =item Running Perl programs
70 =item Basic syntax overview
72 =item Perl variable types
74 Scalars, Arrays, Hashes
76 =item Variable scoping
78 =item Conditional and looping constructs
80 if, while, for, foreach
82 =item Builtin operators and functions
84 Arithmetic, Numeric comparison, String comparison, Boolean logic,
89 =item Regular expressions
91 Simple matching, Simple substitution, More complex regular expressions,
92 Parentheses for capturing, Other regexp features
94 =item Writing subroutines
98 =item Using Perl modules
106 =head2 perlfaq - frequently asked questions about Perl ($Date: 2003/01/31
115 =item Where to get the perlfaq
117 =item How to contribute to the perlfaq
119 =item What will happen if you mail your Perl programming problems to the
126 =item Author and Copyright Information
130 =item Bundled Distributions
136 =item Table of Contents
138 perlfaq - this document, perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl, perlfaq2
139 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl, perlfaq3 - Programming Tools, perlfaq4
140 - Data Manipulation, perlfaq5 - Files and Formats, perlfaq6 - Regular
141 Expressions, perlfaq7 - General Perl Language Issues, perlfaq8 - System
142 Interaction, perlfaq9 - Networking
148 =item L<perlfaq1>: General Questions About Perl
150 =item L<perlfaq2>: Obtaining and Learning about Perl
152 =item L<perlfaq3>: Programming Tools
154 =item L<perlfaq4>: Data Manipulation
156 =item L<perlfaq5>: Files and Formats
158 =item L<perlfaq6>: Regular Expressions
160 =item L<perlfaq7>: General Perl Language Issues
162 =item L<perlfaq8>: System Interaction
164 =item L<perlfaq9>: Networking
170 =head2 perlbook - Perl book information
178 =head2 perlsyn - Perl syntax
188 =item Simple Statements
190 =item Compound Statements
198 =item Basic BLOCKs and Switch Statements
202 =item PODs: Embedded Documentation
204 =item Plain Old Comments (Not!)
210 =head2 perldata - Perl data types
224 =item Scalar value constructors
226 =item List value constructors
232 =item Typeglobs and Filehandles
240 =head2 perlop - Perl operators and precedence
250 =item Terms and List Operators (Leftward)
252 =item The Arrow Operator
254 =item Auto-increment and Auto-decrement
258 =item Symbolic Unary Operators
260 =item Binding Operators
262 =item Multiplicative Operators
264 =item Additive Operators
266 =item Shift Operators
268 =item Named Unary Operators
270 =item Relational Operators
272 =item Equality Operators
276 =item Bitwise Or and Exclusive Or
278 =item C-style Logical And
280 =item C-style Logical Or
282 =item C-style Logical Defined-Or
284 =item Range Operators
286 =item Conditional Operator
288 =item Assignment Operators
292 =item List Operators (Rightward)
298 =item Logical or, Defined or, and Exclusive Or
300 =item C Operators Missing From Perl
302 unary &, unary *, (TYPE)
304 =item Quote and Quote-like Operators
306 =item Regexp Quote-Like Operators
308 ?PATTERN?, m/PATTERN/cgimosx, /PATTERN/cgimosx, q/STRING/, C<'STRING'>,
309 qq/STRING/, "STRING", qr/STRING/imosx, qx/STRING/, `STRING`, qw/STRING/,
310 s/PATTERN/REPLACEMENT/egimosx, tr/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds,
311 y/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds, <<EOF
313 =item Gory details of parsing quoted constructs
315 Finding the end, Removal of backslashes before delimiters, Interpolation,
316 C<<<'EOF'>, C<m''>, C<s'''>, C<tr///>, C<y///>, C<''>, C<q//>, C<"">,
317 C<``>, C<qq//>, C<qx//>, C<< <file*glob> >>, C<?RE?>, C</RE/>, C<m/RE/>,
318 C<s/RE/foo/>,, Interpolation of regular expressions, Optimization of
323 =item Constant Folding
325 =item Bitwise String Operators
327 =item Integer Arithmetic
329 =item Floating-point Arithmetic
337 =head2 perlsub - Perl subroutines
347 =item Private Variables via my()
349 =item Persistent Private Variables
351 =item Temporary Values via local()
353 =item Lvalue subroutines
355 Lvalue subroutines are EXPERIMENTAL
357 =item Passing Symbol Table Entries (typeglobs)
359 =item When to Still Use local()
361 =item Pass by Reference
365 =item Constant Functions
367 =item Overriding Built-in Functions
371 =item Subroutine Attributes
379 =head2 perlfunc - Perl builtin functions
387 =item Perl Functions by Category
389 Functions for SCALARs or strings, Regular expressions and pattern matching,
390 Numeric functions, Functions for real @ARRAYs, Functions for list data,
391 Functions for real %HASHes, Input and output functions, Functions for fixed
392 length data or records, Functions for filehandles, files, or directories,
393 Keywords related to the control flow of your perl program, Keywords related
394 to scoping, Miscellaneous functions, Functions for processes and process
395 groups, Keywords related to perl modules, Keywords related to classes and
396 object-orientedness, Low-level socket functions, System V interprocess
397 communication functions, Fetching user and group info, Fetching network
398 info, Time-related functions, Functions new in perl5, Functions obsoleted
403 =item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions
405 -I<X> FILEHANDLE, -I<X> EXPR, -I<X>, abs VALUE, abs, accept
406 NEWSOCKET,GENERICSOCKET, alarm SECONDS, alarm, atan2 Y,X, bind SOCKET,NAME,
407 binmode FILEHANDLE, LAYER, binmode FILEHANDLE, bless REF,CLASSNAME, bless
408 REF, caller EXPR, caller, chdir EXPR, chmod LIST, chomp VARIABLE, chomp(
409 LIST ), chomp, chop VARIABLE, chop( LIST ), chop, chown LIST, chr NUMBER,
410 chr, chroot FILENAME, chroot, close FILEHANDLE, close, closedir DIRHANDLE,
411 connect SOCKET,NAME, continue BLOCK, cos EXPR, cos, crypt PLAINTEXT,SALT,
412 dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MASK, defined EXPR, defined, delete
413 EXPR, die LIST, do BLOCK, do SUBROUTINE(LIST), do EXPR, dump LABEL, dump,
414 each HASH, eof FILEHANDLE, eof (), eof, eval EXPR, eval BLOCK, exec LIST,
415 exec PROGRAM LIST, exists EXPR, exit EXPR, exp EXPR, exp, fcntl
416 FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, fileno FILEHANDLE, flock FILEHANDLE,OPERATION,
417 fork, format, formline PICTURE,LIST, getc FILEHANDLE, getc, getlogin,
418 getpeername SOCKET, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority WHICH,WHO, getpwnam
419 NAME, getgrnam NAME, gethostbyname NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getprotobyname
420 NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getservbyname NAME,PROTO, gethostbyaddr
421 ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER,
422 getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent, gethostent, getnetent,
423 getprotoent, getservent, setpwent, setgrent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent
424 STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent,
425 endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent, endservent, getsockname SOCKET,
426 getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, glob, gmtime EXPR, goto LABEL,
427 goto EXPR, goto &NAME, grep BLOCK LIST, grep EXPR,LIST, hex EXPR, hex,
428 import, index STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, index STR,SUBSTR, int EXPR, int, ioctl
429 FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, join EXPR,LIST, keys HASH, kill SIGNAL, LIST,
430 last LABEL, last, lc EXPR, lc, lcfirst EXPR, lcfirst, length EXPR, length,
431 link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, listen SOCKET,QUEUESIZE, local EXPR, localtime EXPR,
432 lock THING, log EXPR, log, lstat EXPR, lstat, m//, map BLOCK LIST, map
433 EXPR,LIST, mkdir FILENAME,MASK, mkdir FILENAME, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget
434 KEY,FLAGS, msgrcv ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS, my EXPR, my
435 TYPE EXPR, my EXPR : ATTRS, my TYPE EXPR : ATTRS, next LABEL, next, no
436 Module VERSION LIST, no Module VERSION, no Module LIST, no Module, oct
437 EXPR, oct, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR, open
438 FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR,LIST, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,REFERENCE, open FILEHANDLE,
439 opendir DIRHANDLE,EXPR, ord EXPR, ord, our EXPR, our EXPR TYPE, our EXPR :
440 ATTRS, our TYPE EXPR : ATTRS, pack TEMPLATE,LIST, package NAMESPACE,
441 package, pipe READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, pop ARRAY, pop, pos SCALAR, pos,
442 print FILEHANDLE LIST, print LIST, print, printf FILEHANDLE FORMAT, LIST,
443 printf FORMAT, LIST, prototype FUNCTION, push ARRAY,LIST, q/STRING/,
444 qq/STRING/, qr/STRING/, qx/STRING/, qw/STRING/, quotemeta EXPR, quotemeta,
445 rand EXPR, rand, read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, read
446 FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, readdir DIRHANDLE, readline EXPR, readlink EXPR,
447 readlink, readpipe EXPR, recv SOCKET,SCALAR,LENGTH,FLAGS, redo LABEL, redo,
448 ref EXPR, ref, rename OLDNAME,NEWNAME, require VERSION, require EXPR,
449 require, reset EXPR, reset, return EXPR, return, reverse LIST, rewinddir
450 DIRHANDLE, rindex STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, rindex STR,SUBSTR, rmdir FILENAME,
451 rmdir, s///, scalar EXPR, seek FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, seekdir
452 DIRHANDLE,POS, select FILEHANDLE, select, select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT,
453 semctl ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, send
454 SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS,TO, send SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS, setpgrp PID,PGRP, setpriority
455 WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shift ARRAY,
456 shift, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS, shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE,
457 shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, shutdown SOCKET,HOW, sin EXPR, sin, sleep
458 EXPR, sleep, socket SOCKET,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, socketpair
459 SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, sort SUBNAME LIST, sort BLOCK LIST,
460 sort LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,
461 splice ARRAY,OFFSET, splice ARRAY, split /PATTERN/,EXPR,LIMIT, split
462 /PATTERN/,EXPR, split /PATTERN/, split, sprintf FORMAT, LIST, format
463 parameter index, flags, vector flag, (minimum) width, precision, or maximum
464 width, size, order of arguments, sqrt EXPR, sqrt, srand EXPR, srand, stat
465 FILEHANDLE, stat EXPR, stat, study SCALAR, study, sub NAME BLOCK, sub NAME
466 (PROTO) BLOCK, sub NAME : ATTRS BLOCK, sub NAME (PROTO) : ATTRS BLOCK,
467 substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH,REPLACEMENT, substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH, substr
468 EXPR,OFFSET, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen
469 FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE, sysopen FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, sysread
470 FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, sysread FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, sysseek
471 FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, system LIST, system PROGRAM LIST, syswrite
472 FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,
473 syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR, tell FILEHANDLE, tell, telldir DIRHANDLE, tie
474 VARIABLE,CLASSNAME,LIST, tied VARIABLE, time, times, tr///, truncate
475 FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, uc EXPR, uc, ucfirst EXPR,
476 ucfirst, umask EXPR, umask, undef EXPR, undef, unlink LIST, unlink, unpack
477 TEMPLATE,EXPR, unpack TEMPLATE, untie VARIABLE, unshift ARRAY,LIST, use
478 Module VERSION LIST, use Module VERSION, use Module LIST, use Module, use
479 VERSION, utime LIST, values HASH, vec EXPR,OFFSET,BITS, wait, waitpid
480 PID,FLAGS, wantarray, warn LIST, write FILEHANDLE, write EXPR, write, y///
486 =head2 perlreftut - Mark's very short tutorial about references
492 =item Who Needs Complicated Data Structures?
500 =item Making References
502 =item Using References
520 =item Distribution Conditions
526 =head2 perldsc - Perl Data Structures Cookbook
532 arrays of arrays, hashes of arrays, arrays of hashes, hashes of hashes,
533 more elaborate constructs
537 =item COMMON MISTAKES
539 =item CAVEAT ON PRECEDENCE
541 =item WHY YOU SHOULD ALWAYS C<use strict>
547 =item ARRAYS OF ARRAYS
551 =item Declaration of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
553 =item Generation of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
555 =item Access and Printing of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
559 =item HASHES OF ARRAYS
563 =item Declaration of a HASH OF ARRAYS
565 =item Generation of a HASH OF ARRAYS
567 =item Access and Printing of a HASH OF ARRAYS
571 =item ARRAYS OF HASHES
575 =item Declaration of an ARRAY OF HASHES
577 =item Generation of an ARRAY OF HASHES
579 =item Access and Printing of an ARRAY OF HASHES
583 =item HASHES OF HASHES
587 =item Declaration of a HASH OF HASHES
589 =item Generation of a HASH OF HASHES
591 =item Access and Printing of a HASH OF HASHES
595 =item MORE ELABORATE RECORDS
599 =item Declaration of MORE ELABORATE RECORDS
601 =item Declaration of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS
603 =item Generation of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS
615 =head2 perlrequick - Perl regular expressions quick start
625 =item Simple word matching
627 =item Using character classes
629 =item Matching this or that
631 =item Grouping things and hierarchical matching
633 =item Extracting matches
635 =item Matching repetitions
639 =item Search and replace
641 =item The split operator
649 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
653 =item Acknowledgments
659 =head2 perlpod - the Plain Old Documentation format
667 =item Ordinary Paragraph
669 =item Verbatim Paragraph
671 =item Command Paragraph
673 C<=head1 I<Heading Text>>, C<=head2 I<Heading Text>>, C<=head3 I<Heading
674 Text>>, C<=head4 I<Heading Text>>, C<=over I<indentlevel>>, C<=item
675 I<stuff...>>, C<=back>, C<=cut>, C<=pod>, C<=begin I<formatname>>, C<=end
676 I<formatname>>, C<=for I<formatname> I<text...>>
678 =item Formatting Codes
680 C<IE<lt>textE<gt>> -- italic text, C<BE<lt>textE<gt>> -- bold text,
681 C<CE<lt>codeE<gt>> -- code text, C<LE<lt>nameE<gt>> -- a hyperlink,
682 C<EE<lt>escapeE<gt>> -- a character escape, C<FE<lt>filenameE<gt>> -- used
683 for filenames, C<SE<lt>textE<gt>> -- text contains non-breaking spaces,
684 C<XE<lt>topic nameE<gt>> -- an index entry, C<ZE<lt>E<gt>> -- a null
685 (zero-effect) formatting code
689 =item Embedding Pods in Perl Modules
691 =item Hints for Writing Pod
701 =head2 perlpodspec - Plain Old Documentation: format specification and
708 =item Pod Definitions
712 "=head1", "=head2", "=head3", "=head4", "=pod", "=cut", "=over", "=item",
713 "=back", "=begin formatname", "=end formatname", "=for formatname text..."
715 =item Pod Formatting Codes
717 C<IE<lt>textE<gt>> -- italic text, C<BE<lt>textE<gt>> -- bold text,
718 C<CE<lt>codeE<gt>> -- code text, C<FE<lt>filenameE<gt>> -- style for
719 filenames, C<XE<lt>topic nameE<gt>> -- an index entry, C<ZE<lt>E<gt>> -- a
720 null (zero-effect) formatting code, C<LE<lt>nameE<gt>> -- a hyperlink,
721 C<EE<lt>escapeE<gt>> -- a character escape, C<SE<lt>textE<gt>> -- text
722 contains non-breaking spaces
724 =item Notes on Implementing Pod Processors
726 =item About LE<lt>...E<gt> Codes
728 First:, Second:, Third:, Fourth:, Fifth:, Sixth:
730 =item About =over...=back Regions
732 =item About Data Paragraphs and "=begin/=end" Regions
740 =head2 perlstyle - Perl style guide
748 =head2 perltrap - Perl traps for the unwary
766 =item Perl4 to Perl5 Traps
768 Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps, Parsing Traps, Numerical
769 Traps, General data type traps, Context Traps - scalar, list contexts,
770 Precedence Traps, General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc,
771 Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps, OS Traps, DBM Traps, Unclassified Traps
773 =item Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps
775 Discontinuance, Deprecation, BugFix, Discontinuance, Discontinuance,
776 Discontinuance, BugFix, Discontinuance, Discontinuance, BugFix,
777 Discontinuance, Deprecation, Discontinuance, Discontinuance
781 Parsing, Parsing, Parsing, Parsing, Parsing
783 =item Numerical Traps
785 Numerical, Numerical, Numerical, Bitwise string ops
787 =item General data type traps
789 (Arrays), (Arrays), (Hashes), (Globs), (Globs), (Scalar String),
790 (Constants), (Scalars), (Variable Suicide)
792 =item Context Traps - scalar, list contexts
794 (list context), (scalar context), (scalar context), (list, builtin)
796 =item Precedence Traps
798 Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence,
801 =item General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc.
803 Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular
804 Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression,
807 =item Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps
809 (Signals), (Sort Subroutine), warn() won't let you specify a filehandle
815 =item Interpolation Traps
817 Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation,
818 Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation
824 =item Unclassified Traps
826 C<require>/C<do> trap using returned value, C<split> on empty string with
833 =head2 perlrun - how to execute the Perl interpreter
843 =item #! and quoting on non-Unix systems
845 OS/2, MS-DOS, Win95/NT, Macintosh, VMS
847 =item Location of Perl
849 =item Command Switches
851 B<-0>[I<octal/hexadecimal>], B<-a>, B<-C [I<number/list>]>, B<-c>, B<-d>,
852 B<-d:>I<foo[=bar,baz]>, B<-D>I<letters>, B<-D>I<number>, B<-e>
853 I<commandline>, B<-F>I<pattern>, B<-h>, B<-i>[I<extension>],
854 B<-I>I<directory>, B<-l>[I<octnum>], B<-m>[B<->]I<module>,
855 B<-M>[B<->]I<module>, B<-M>[B<->]I<'module ...'>,
856 B<-[mM]>[B<->]I<module=arg[,arg]...>, B<-n>, B<-p>, B<-P>, B<-s>, B<-S>,
857 B<-t>, B<-T>, B<-u>, B<-U>, B<-v>, B<-V>, B<-V:>I<name>, B<-w>, B<-W>,
858 B<-X>, B<-x> I<directory>
864 HOME, LOGDIR, PATH, PERL5LIB, PERL5OPT, PERLIO, :bytes, :crlf, :mmap,
865 :perlio, :raw, :stdio, :unix, :utf8, :win32, PERLIO_DEBUG, PERLLIB,
866 PERL5DB, PERL5SHELL (specific to the Win32 port), PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS,
867 PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL, PERL_ENCODING, PERL_ROOT (specific to the VMS port),
868 PERL_SIGNALS, PERL_UNICODE, SYS$LOGIN (specific to the VMS port)
872 =head2 perldiag - various Perl diagnostics
880 =head2 perllexwarn - Perl Lexical Warnings
888 =item Default Warnings and Optional Warnings
890 =item What's wrong with B<-w> and C<$^W>
892 =item Controlling Warnings from the Command Line
896 =item Backward Compatibility
898 =item Category Hierarchy
902 =item Reporting Warnings from a Module
914 =head2 perldebtut - Perl debugging tutorial
922 =item Looking at data and -w and v
926 =item Stepping through code
928 =item Placeholder for a, w, t, T
930 =item REGULAR EXPRESSIONS
948 =head2 perldebug - Perl debugging
954 =item The Perl Debugger
958 =item Debugger Commands
960 h, h [command], h h, p expr, x [maxdepth] expr, V [pkg [vars]], X [vars], y
961 [level [vars]], T, s [expr], n [expr], r, <CR>, c [line|sub], l, l
962 min+incr, l min-max, l line, l subname, -, v [line], f filename, /pattern/,
963 ?pattern?, L [abw], S [[!]regex], t, t expr, b, b [line] [condition], b
964 subname [condition], b postpone subname [condition], b load filename, b
965 compile subname, B line, B *, a [line] command, A line, A *, w expr, W
966 expr, W *, o, o booloption .., o anyoption? .., o option=value .., < ?, < [
967 command ], < *, << command, > ?, > command, > *, >> command, { ?, { [
968 command ], { *, {{ command, ! number, ! -number, ! pattern, !! cmd, source
969 file, H -number, q or ^D, R, |dbcmd, ||dbcmd, command, m expr, M, man
972 =item Configurable Options
974 C<recallCommand>, C<ShellBang>, C<pager>, C<tkRunning>, C<signalLevel>,
975 C<warnLevel>, C<dieLevel>, C<AutoTrace>, C<LineInfo>, C<inhibit_exit>,
976 C<PrintRet>, C<ornaments>, C<frame>, C<maxTraceLen>, C<windowSize>,
977 C<arrayDepth>, C<hashDepth>, C<dumpDepth>, C<compactDump>, C<veryCompact>,
978 C<globPrint>, C<DumpDBFiles>, C<DumpPackages>, C<DumpReused>, C<quote>,
979 C<HighBit>, C<undefPrint>, C<UsageOnly>, C<TTY>, C<noTTY>, C<ReadLine>,
982 =item Debugger input/output
984 Prompt, Multiline commands, Stack backtrace, Line Listing Format, Frame
987 =item Debugging compile-time statements
989 =item Debugger Customization
991 =item Readline Support
993 =item Editor Support for Debugging
995 =item The Perl Profiler
999 =item Debugging regular expressions
1001 =item Debugging memory usage
1009 =head2 perlvar - Perl predefined variables
1017 =item Predefined Names
1019 $ARG, $_, $a, $b, $<I<digits>>, $MATCH, $&, $PREMATCH, $`, $POSTMATCH, $',
1020 $LAST_PAREN_MATCH, $+, $^N, @LAST_MATCH_END, @+, $MULTILINE_MATCHING, $*,
1021 HANDLE->input_line_number(EXPR), $INPUT_LINE_NUMBER, $NR, $,
1022 IO::Handle->input_record_separator(EXPR), $INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $RS, $/,
1023 HANDLE->autoflush(EXPR), $OUTPUT_AUTOFLUSH, $|,
1024 IO::Handle->output_field_separator EXPR, $OUTPUT_FIELD_SEPARATOR, $OFS, $,,
1025 IO::Handle->output_record_separator EXPR, $OUTPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $ORS,
1026 $\, $LIST_SEPARATOR, $", $SUBSCRIPT_SEPARATOR, $SUBSEP, $;, $OFMT, $#,
1027 HANDLE->format_page_number(EXPR), $FORMAT_PAGE_NUMBER, $%,
1028 HANDLE->format_lines_per_page(EXPR), $FORMAT_LINES_PER_PAGE, $=,
1029 HANDLE->format_lines_left(EXPR), $FORMAT_LINES_LEFT, $-, @LAST_MATCH_START,
1030 @-, C<$`> is the same as C<substr($var, 0, $-[0])>, C<$&> is the same as
1031 C<substr($var, $-[0], $+[0] - $-[0])>, C<$'> is the same as C<substr($var,
1032 $+[0])>, C<$1> is the same as C<substr($var, $-[1], $+[1] - $-[1])>, C<$2>
1033 is the same as C<substr($var, $-[2], $+[2] - $-[2])>, C<$3> is the same as
1034 C<substr $var, $-[3], $+[3] - $-[3])>, HANDLE->format_name(EXPR),
1035 $FORMAT_NAME, $~, HANDLE->format_top_name(EXPR), $FORMAT_TOP_NAME, $^,
1036 IO::Handle->format_line_break_characters EXPR,
1037 $FORMAT_LINE_BREAK_CHARACTERS, $:, IO::Handle->format_formfeed EXPR,
1038 $FORMAT_FORMFEED, $^L, $ACCUMULATOR, $^A, $CHILD_ERROR, $?, ${^ENCODING},
1039 $OS_ERROR, $ERRNO, $!, %!, $EXTENDED_OS_ERROR, $^E, $EVAL_ERROR, $@,
1040 $PROCESS_ID, $PID, $$, $REAL_USER_ID, $UID, $<, $EFFECTIVE_USER_ID, $EUID,
1041 $>, $REAL_GROUP_ID, $GID, $(, $EFFECTIVE_GROUP_ID, $EGID, $),
1042 $PROGRAM_NAME, $0, $[, $], $COMPILING, $^C, $DEBUGGING, $^D,
1043 $SYSTEM_FD_MAX, $^F, $^H, %^H, $INPLACE_EDIT, $^I, $^M, $OSNAME, $^O,
1044 ${^OPEN}, $PERLDB, $^P, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80,
1045 0x100, 0x200, $LAST_REGEXP_CODE_RESULT, $^R, $EXCEPTIONS_BEING_CAUGHT, $^S,
1046 $BASETIME, $^T, ${^TAINT}, ${^UNICODE}, $PERL_VERSION, $^V, $WARNING, $^W,
1047 ${^WARNING_BITS}, $EXECUTABLE_NAME, $^X, ARGV, $ARGV, @ARGV, ARGVOUT, @F,
1048 @INC, @_, %INC, %ENV, $ENV{expr}, %SIG, $SIG{expr}
1050 =item Error Indicators
1052 =item Technical Note on the Syntax of Variable Names
1060 =head2 perllol - Manipulating Arrays of Arrays in Perl
1068 =item Declaration and Access of Arrays of Arrays
1070 =item Growing Your Own
1072 =item Access and Printing
1084 =head2 perlopentut - tutorial on opening things in Perl
1090 =item Open E<agrave> la shell
1096 =item Indirect Filehandles
1100 =item The Minus File
1102 =item Mixing Reads and Writes
1108 =item Open E<agrave> la C
1112 =item Permissions E<agrave> la mode
1116 =item Obscure Open Tricks
1120 =item Re-Opening Files (dups)
1122 =item Dispelling the Dweomer
1124 =item Paths as Opens
1126 =item Single Argument Open
1128 =item Playing with STDIN and STDOUT
1132 =item Other I/O Issues
1136 =item Opening Non-File Files
1138 =item Opening Named Pipes
1140 =item Opening Sockets
1152 =item AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT
1158 =head2 perlpacktut - tutorial on C<pack> and C<unpack>
1164 =item The Basic Principle
1168 =item Packing Numbers
1174 =item Unpacking a Stack Frame
1176 =item How to Eat an Egg on a Net
1178 =item Floating point Numbers
1182 =item Exotic Templates
1194 =item Another Portable Binary Encoding
1198 =item Template Grouping
1200 =item Lengths and Widths
1204 =item String Lengths
1206 =item Dynamic Templates
1208 =item Counting Repetitions
1212 =item Packing and Unpacking C Structures
1216 =item The Alignment Pit
1218 =item Alignment, Take 2
1220 =item Alignment, Take 3
1222 =item Pointers for How to Use Them
1228 =item Funnies Section
1234 =head2 perlretut - Perl regular expressions tutorial
1240 =item Part 1: The basics
1244 =item Simple word matching
1246 =item Using character classes
1248 =item Matching this or that
1250 =item Grouping things and hierarchical matching
1252 =item Extracting matches
1254 =item Matching repetitions
1256 =item Building a regexp
1258 =item Using regular expressions in Perl
1262 =item Part 2: Power tools
1266 =item More on characters, strings, and character classes
1268 =item Compiling and saving regular expressions
1270 =item Embedding comments and modifiers in a regular expression
1272 =item Non-capturing groupings
1274 =item Looking ahead and looking behind
1276 =item Using independent subexpressions to prevent backtracking
1278 =item Conditional expressions
1280 =item A bit of magic: executing Perl code in a regular expression
1282 =item Pragmas and debugging
1290 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1294 =item Acknowledgments
1300 =head2 perlre - Perl regular expressions
1310 =item Regular Expressions
1312 [1], [2], [3], cntrl, graph, print, punct, xdigit
1314 =item Extended Patterns
1316 C<(?#text)>, C<(?imsx-imsx)>, C<(?:pattern)>, C<(?imsx-imsx:pattern)>,
1317 C<(?=pattern)>, C<(?!pattern)>, C<(?<=pattern)>, C<(?<!pattern)>, C<(?{
1318 code })>, C<(??{ code })>, C<< (?>pattern) >>,
1319 C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)>, C<(?(condition)yes-pattern)>
1323 =item Version 8 Regular Expressions
1325 =item Warning on \1 vs $1
1327 =item Repeated patterns matching zero-length substring
1329 =item Combining pieces together
1331 C<ST>, C<S|T>, C<S{REPEAT_COUNT}>, C<S{min,max}>, C<S{min,max}?>, C<S?>,
1332 C<S*>, C<S+>, C<S??>, C<S*?>, C<S+?>, C<< (?>S) >>, C<(?=S)>, C<(?<=S)>,
1333 C<(?!S)>, C<(?<!S)>, C<(??{ EXPR })>,
1334 C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)>
1336 =item Creating custom RE engines
1346 =head2 perlref - Perl references and nested data structures
1356 =item Making References
1358 =item Using References
1360 =item Symbolic references
1362 =item Not-so-symbolic references
1364 =item Pseudo-hashes: Using an array as a hash
1366 =item Function Templates
1376 =head2 perlform - Perl formats
1384 =item Format Variables
1394 =item Accessing Formatting Internals
1402 =head2 perlboot - Beginner's Object-Oriented Tutorial
1410 =item If we could talk to the animals...
1412 =item Introducing the method invocation arrow
1414 =item Invoking a barnyard
1416 =item The extra parameter of method invocation
1418 =item Calling a second method to simplify things
1420 =item Inheriting the windpipes
1422 =item A few notes about @ISA
1424 =item Overriding the methods
1426 =item Starting the search from a different place
1428 =item The SUPER way of doing things
1430 =item Where we're at so far...
1432 =item A horse is a horse, of course of course -- or is it?
1434 =item Invoking an instance method
1436 =item Accessing the instance data
1438 =item How to build a horse
1440 =item Inheriting the constructor
1442 =item Making a method work with either classes or instances
1444 =item Adding parameters to a method
1446 =item More interesting instances
1448 =item A horse of a different color
1460 =head2 perltoot - Tom's object-oriented tutorial for perl
1466 =item Creating a Class
1470 =item Object Representation
1472 =item Class Interface
1474 =item Constructors and Instance Methods
1476 =item Planning for the Future: Better Constructors
1480 =item Other Object Methods
1488 =item Accessing Class Data
1490 =item Debugging Methods
1492 =item Class Destructors
1494 =item Documenting the Interface
1504 =item Overridden Methods
1506 =item Multiple Inheritance
1508 =item UNIVERSAL: The Root of All Objects
1512 =item Alternate Object Representations
1516 =item Arrays as Objects
1518 =item Closures as Objects
1522 =item AUTOLOAD: Proxy Methods
1526 =item Autoloaded Data Methods
1528 =item Inherited Autoloaded Data Methods
1532 =item Metaclassical Tools
1538 =item Data Members as Variables
1546 =item Object Terminology
1552 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1558 =item Acknowledgments
1564 =head2 perltooc - Tom's OO Tutorial for Class Data in Perl
1570 =item Class Data in a Can
1572 =item Class Data as Package Variables
1576 =item Putting All Your Eggs in One Basket
1578 =item Inheritance Concerns
1580 =item The Eponymous Meta-Object
1582 =item Indirect References to Class Data
1584 =item Monadic Classes
1586 =item Translucent Attributes
1590 =item Class Data as Lexical Variables
1594 =item Privacy and Responsibility
1596 =item File-Scoped Lexicals
1598 =item More Inheritance Concerns
1600 =item Locking the Door and Throwing Away the Key
1602 =item Translucency Revisited
1610 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1612 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
1618 =head2 perlobj - Perl objects
1626 =item An Object is Simply a Reference
1628 =item A Class is Simply a Package
1630 =item A Method is Simply a Subroutine
1632 =item Method Invocation
1634 =item Indirect Object Syntax
1636 =item Default UNIVERSAL methods
1638 isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] )
1644 =item Two-Phased Garbage Collection
1652 =head2 perlbot - Bag'o Object Tricks (the BOT)
1658 =item OO SCALING TIPS
1660 =item INSTANCE VARIABLES
1662 =item SCALAR INSTANCE VARIABLES
1664 =item INSTANCE VARIABLE INHERITANCE
1666 =item OBJECT RELATIONSHIPS
1668 =item OVERRIDING SUPERCLASS METHODS
1670 =item USING RELATIONSHIP WITH SDBM
1672 =item THINKING OF CODE REUSE
1674 =item CLASS CONTEXT AND THE OBJECT
1676 =item INHERITING A CONSTRUCTOR
1684 =head2 perltie - how to hide an object class in a simple variable
1696 TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, UNTIE this,
1701 TIEARRAY classname, LIST, FETCH this, index, STORE this, index, value,
1702 FETCHSIZE this, STORESIZE this, count, EXTEND this, count, EXISTS this,
1703 key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, PUSH this, LIST, POP this, SHIFT this,
1704 UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST, UNTIE this, DESTROY
1709 USER, HOME, CLOBBER, LIST, TIEHASH classname, LIST, FETCH this, key, STORE
1710 this, key, value, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, EXISTS this, key, FIRSTKEY
1711 this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, UNTIE this, DESTROY this
1713 =item Tying FileHandles
1715 TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, WRITE this, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this,
1716 LIST, READ this, LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, CLOSE this, UNTIE this,
1721 =item The C<untie> Gotcha
1733 =head2 perlipc - Perl interprocess communication (signals, fifos, pipes,
1734 safe subprocesses, sockets, and semaphores)
1744 =item Handling the SIGHUP Signal in Daemons
1752 =item Deferred Signals (Safe signals)
1754 Long running opcodes, Interrupting IO, Signals as "faults", Signals
1755 triggered by operating system state
1759 =item Using open() for IPC
1765 =item Background Processes
1767 =item Complete Dissociation of Child from Parent
1769 =item Safe Pipe Opens
1771 =item Bidirectional Communication with Another Process
1773 =item Bidirectional Communication with Yourself
1777 =item Sockets: Client/Server Communication
1781 =item Internet Line Terminators
1783 =item Internet TCP Clients and Servers
1785 =item Unix-Domain TCP Clients and Servers
1789 =item TCP Clients with IO::Socket
1793 =item A Simple Client
1795 C<Proto>, C<PeerAddr>, C<PeerPort>
1797 =item A Webget Client
1799 =item Interactive Client with IO::Socket
1803 =item TCP Servers with IO::Socket
1805 Proto, LocalPort, Listen, Reuse
1807 =item UDP: Message Passing
1821 =head2 perlfork - Perl's fork() emulation
1831 =item Behavior of other Perl features in forked pseudo-processes
1833 $$ or $PROCESS_ID, %ENV, chdir() and all other builtins that accept
1834 filenames, wait() and waitpid(), kill(), exec(), exit(), Open handles to
1835 files, directories and network sockets
1837 =item Resource limits
1839 =item Killing the parent process
1841 =item Lifetime of the parent process and pseudo-processes
1843 =item CAVEATS AND LIMITATIONS
1845 BEGIN blocks, Open filehandles, Forking pipe open() not yet implemented,
1846 Global state maintained by XSUBs, Interpreter embedded in larger
1847 application, Thread-safety of extensions
1859 =head2 perlnumber - semantics of numbers and numeric operations in Perl
1867 =item Storing numbers
1869 =item Numeric operators and numeric conversions
1871 =item Flavors of Perl numeric operations
1873 Arithmetic operators, ++, Arithmetic operators during C<use integer>, Other
1874 mathematical operators, Bitwise operators, Bitwise operators during C<use
1875 integer>, Operators which expect an integer, Operators which expect a
1884 =head2 perlthrtut - tutorial on threads in Perl
1892 =item What Is A Thread Anyway?
1894 =item Threaded Program Models
1906 =item Native threads
1908 =item What kind of threads are Perl threads?
1910 =item Thread-Safe Modules
1916 =item Basic Thread Support
1918 =item A Note about the Examples
1920 =item Creating Threads
1922 =item Giving up control
1924 =item Waiting For A Thread To Exit
1926 =item Ignoring A Thread
1930 =item Threads And Data
1934 =item Shared And Unshared Data
1936 =item Thread Pitfalls: Races
1940 =item Synchronization and control
1944 =item Controlling access: lock()
1946 =item A Thread Pitfall: Deadlocks
1948 =item Queues: Passing Data Around
1950 =item Semaphores: Synchronizing Data Access
1952 =item Basic semaphores
1954 =item Advanced Semaphores
1956 =item cond_wait() and cond_signal()
1960 =item General Thread Utility Routines
1964 =item What Thread Am I In?
1968 =item Are These Threads The Same?
1970 =item What Threads Are Running?
1974 =item A Complete Example
1976 =item Performance considerations
1978 =item Process-scope Changes
1980 =item Thread-Safety of System Libraries
1988 =item Introductory Texts
1990 =item OS-Related References
1992 =item Other References
1996 =item Acknowledgements
2004 =head2 perlothrtut - old tutorial on threads in Perl
2010 =item What Is A Thread Anyway?
2012 =item Threaded Program Models
2024 =item Native threads
2026 =item What kind of threads are perl threads?
2028 =item Threadsafe Modules
2034 =item Basic Thread Support
2036 =item Creating Threads
2038 =item Giving up control
2040 =item Waiting For A Thread To Exit
2042 =item Errors In Threads
2044 =item Ignoring A Thread
2048 =item Threads And Data
2052 =item Shared And Unshared Data
2054 =item Thread Pitfall: Races
2056 =item Controlling access: lock()
2058 =item Thread Pitfall: Deadlocks
2060 =item Queues: Passing Data Around
2064 =item Threads And Code
2068 =item Semaphores: Synchronizing Data Access
2070 Basic semaphores, Advanced Semaphores
2072 =item Attributes: Restricting Access To Subroutines
2074 =item Subroutine Locks
2078 =item Locking A Subroutine
2082 =item General Thread Utility Routines
2086 =item What Thread Am I In?
2090 =item Are These Threads The Same?
2092 =item What Threads Are Running?
2096 =item A Complete Example
2104 =item Introductory Texts
2106 =item OS-Related References
2108 =item Other References
2112 =item Acknowledgements
2120 =head2 perlport - Writing portable Perl
2126 Not all Perl programs have to be portable, Nearly all of Perl already I<is>
2135 =item Numbers endianness and Width
2137 =item Files and Filesystems
2139 =item System Interaction
2141 =item Command names versus file pathnames
2143 =item Interprocess Communication (IPC)
2145 =item External Subroutines (XS)
2147 =item Standard Modules
2151 =item Character sets and character encoding
2153 =item Internationalisation
2155 =item System Resources
2165 Mailing list: cpan-testers@perl.org, Testing results:
2166 http://testers.cpan.org/
2174 =item DOS and Derivatives
2182 =item EBCDIC Platforms
2190 =item FUNCTION IMPLEMENTATIONS
2194 =item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions
2196 -I<X> FILEHANDLE, -I<X> EXPR, -I<X>, alarm SECONDS, alarm, binmode
2197 FILEHANDLE, chmod LIST, chown LIST, chroot FILENAME, chroot, crypt
2198 PLAINTEXT,SALT, dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MODE, dump LABEL, exec
2199 LIST, exit EXPR, exit, fcntl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, flock
2200 FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, fork, getlogin, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority
2201 WHICH,WHO, getpwnam NAME, getgrnam NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getpwuid UID,
2202 getgrgid GID, getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER,
2203 getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent, gethostbyname, gethostent,
2204 getnetent, getprotoent, getservent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent
2205 STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent,
2206 endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent, endservent, getsockopt
2207 SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, glob, ioctl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR,
2208 kill SIGNAL, LIST, link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, lstat FILEHANDLE, lstat EXPR,
2209 lstat, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget KEY,FLAGS, msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS, msgrcv
2210 ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE, pipe
2211 READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, readlink EXPR, readlink, select
2212 RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, semctl ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget
2213 KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, setgrent, setpgrp PID,PGRP,
2214 setpriority WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setpwent, setsockopt
2215 SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS,
2216 shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE, shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, sockatmark SOCKET,
2217 socketpair SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, stat FILEHANDLE, stat
2218 EXPR, stat, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen
2219 FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, system LIST, times, truncate
2220 FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, umask EXPR, umask, utime LIST,
2221 wait, waitpid PID,FLAGS
2227 v1.49, 12 August 2002, v1.48, 02 February 2001, v1.47, 22 March 2000,
2228 v1.46, 12 February 2000, v1.45, 20 December 1999, v1.44, 19 July 1999,
2229 v1.43, 24 May 1999, v1.42, 22 May 1999, v1.41, 19 May 1999, v1.40, 11 April
2230 1999, v1.39, 11 February 1999, v1.38, 31 December 1998, v1.37, 19 December
2231 1998, v1.36, 9 September 1998, v1.35, 13 August 1998, v1.33, 06 August
2232 1998, v1.32, 05 August 1998, v1.30, 03 August 1998, v1.23, 10 July 1998
2234 =item Supported Platforms
2238 =item AUTHORS / CONTRIBUTORS
2242 =head2 perllocale - Perl locale handling (internationalization and
2249 =item PREPARING TO USE LOCALES
2255 =item The use locale pragma
2257 =item The setlocale function
2259 =item Finding locales
2261 =item LOCALE PROBLEMS
2263 =item Temporarily fixing locale problems
2265 =item Permanently fixing locale problems
2267 =item Permanently fixing your system's locale configuration
2269 =item Fixing system locale configuration
2271 =item The localeconv function
2273 =item I18N::Langinfo
2277 =item LOCALE CATEGORIES
2281 =item Category LC_COLLATE: Collation
2283 =item Category LC_CTYPE: Character Types
2285 =item Category LC_NUMERIC: Numeric Formatting
2287 =item Category LC_MONETARY: Formatting of monetary amounts
2291 =item Other categories
2299 PERL_BADLANG, LC_ALL, LANGUAGE, LC_CTYPE, LC_COLLATE, LC_MONETARY,
2300 LC_NUMERIC, LC_TIME, LANG
2306 =item Backward compatibility
2308 =item I18N:Collate obsolete
2310 =item Sort speed and memory use impacts
2312 =item write() and LC_NUMERIC
2314 =item Freely available locale definitions
2318 =item An imperfect standard
2322 =item Unicode and UTF-8
2328 =item Broken systems
2338 =head2 perluniintro - Perl Unicode introduction
2348 =item Perl's Unicode Support
2350 =item Perl's Unicode Model
2352 =item Unicode and EBCDIC
2354 =item Creating Unicode
2356 =item Handling Unicode
2358 =item Legacy Encodings
2362 =item Displaying Unicode As Text
2366 =item Advanced Topics
2370 =item Questions With Answers
2372 =item Hexadecimal Notation
2374 =item Further Resources
2378 =item UNICODE IN OLDER PERLS
2382 =item ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
2384 =item AUTHOR, COPYRIGHT, AND LICENSE
2388 =head2 perlunicode - Unicode support in Perl
2396 =item Important Caveats
2398 Input and Output Layers, Regular Expressions, C<use utf8> still needed to
2399 enable UTF-8/UTF-EBCDIC in scripts
2401 =item Byte and Character Semantics
2403 =item Effects of Character Semantics
2409 =item User-Defined Character Properties
2411 =item Character Encodings for Input and Output
2413 =item Unicode Regular Expression Support Level
2415 =item Unicode Encodings
2417 =item Security Implications of Unicode
2419 =item Unicode in Perl on EBCDIC
2423 =item When Unicode Does Not Happen
2425 chmod, chmod, chown, chroot, exec, link, mkdir, rename, rmdir, stat,
2426 symlink, truncate, unlink, utime, %ENV, glob (aka the <*>), open, opendir,
2427 sysopen, qx (aka the backtick operator), system, readdir, readlink
2429 =item Forcing Unicode in Perl (Or Unforcing Unicode in Perl)
2431 =item Using Unicode in XS
2439 =item Interaction with Locales
2441 =item Interaction with Extensions
2445 =item Porting code from perl-5.6.X
2453 =head2 perlebcdic - Considerations for running Perl on EBCDIC platforms
2459 =item COMMON CHARACTER CODE SETS
2467 =item Latin 1 (ISO 8859-1)
2471 =item 13 variant characters
2479 =item Unicode code points versus EBCDIC code points
2481 =item Remaining Perl Unicode problems in EBCDIC
2483 =item Unicode and UTF
2489 =item SINGLE OCTET TABLES
2491 recipe 0, recipe 1, recipe 2, recipe 3, recipe 4, recipe 5, recipe 6
2493 =item IDENTIFYING CHARACTER CODE SETS
2507 =item OPERATOR DIFFERENCES
2509 =item FUNCTION DIFFERENCES
2511 chr(), ord(), pack(), print(), printf(), sort(), sprintf(), unpack()
2513 =item REGULAR EXPRESSION DIFFERENCES
2521 =item Ignore ASCII vs. EBCDIC sort differences.
2523 =item MONO CASE then sort data.
2525 =item Convert, sort data, then re convert.
2527 =item Perform sorting on one type of machine only.
2531 =item TRANSFORMATION FORMATS
2535 =item URL decoding and encoding
2537 =item uu encoding and decoding
2539 =item Quoted-Printable encoding and decoding
2541 =item Caesarian ciphers
2545 =item Hashing order and checksums
2549 =item MULTI OCTET CHARACTER SETS
2561 chcp, dataset access, OS/390, z/OS iconv, locales
2581 =head2 perlsec - Perl security
2589 =item Laundering and Detecting Tainted Data
2591 =item Switches On the "#!" Line
2593 =item Cleaning Up Your Path
2597 =item Protecting Your Programs
2607 =head2 perlmod - Perl modules (packages and symbol tables)
2619 =item Package Constructors and Destructors
2625 =item Making your module threadsafe
2633 =head2 perlmodinstall - Installing CPAN Modules
2643 B<DECOMPRESS> the file, B<UNPACK> the file into a directory, B<BUILD> the
2644 module (sometimes unnecessary), B<INSTALL> the module
2658 =head2 perlmodlib - constructing new Perl modules and finding existing ones
2662 =item THE PERL MODULE LIBRARY
2666 =item Pragmatic Modules
2668 assertions, assertions::activate, attributes, attrs, autouse, base, bigint,
2669 bignum, bigrat, blib, bytes, charnames, constant, diagnostics, encoding,
2670 fields, filetest, if, integer, less, lib, locale, open, ops, overload, re,
2671 sigtrap, sort, strict, subs, threads, threads::shared, utf8, vars, version,
2672 vmsish, warnings, warnings::register
2674 =item Standard Modules
2676 AnyDBM_File, Attribute::Handlers, AutoLoader, AutoSplit, B, B::Asmdata,
2677 B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Concise, B::Debug,
2678 B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex, B::Stackobj, B::Stash,
2679 B::Terse, B::Xref, Benchmark, ByteLoader, CGI, CGI::Apache, CGI::Carp,
2680 CGI::Cookie, CGI::Fast, CGI::Pretty, CGI::Push, CGI::Switch, CGI::Util,
2681 CPAN, CPAN::FirstTime, CPAN::Nox, Carp, Carp::Heavy, Class::ISA,
2682 Class::Struct, Config, Cwd, DB, DB_File, Data::Dumper, Devel::DProf,
2683 Devel::PPPort, Devel::Peek, Devel::SelfStubber, Digest, Digest::MD5,
2684 DirHandle, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, Encode, Encode::Alias, Encode::Byte,
2685 Encode::CJKConstants, Encode::CN, Encode::CN::HZ, Encode::Config,
2686 Encode::EBCDIC, Encode::Encoder, Encode::Encoding, Encode::Guess,
2687 Encode::JP, Encode::JP::H2Z, Encode::JP::JIS7, Encode::KR,
2688 Encode::KR::2022_KR, Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::PerlIO,
2689 Encode::Supported, Encode::Symbol, Encode::TW, Encode::Unicode,
2690 Encode::Unicode::UTF7, English, Env, Errno, Exporter, Exporter::Heavy,
2691 ExtUtils::Command, ExtUtils::Command::MM, ExtUtils::Constant,
2692 ExtUtils::Embed, ExtUtils::Install, ExtUtils::Installed, ExtUtils::Liblist,
2693 ExtUtils::MM, ExtUtils::MM_Any, ExtUtils::MM_BeOS, ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin,
2694 ExtUtils::MM_DOS, ExtUtils::MM_MacOS, ExtUtils::MM_NW5, ExtUtils::MM_OS2,
2695 ExtUtils::MM_UWIN, ExtUtils::MM_Unix, ExtUtils::MM_VMS, ExtUtils::MM_Win32,
2696 ExtUtils::MM_Win95, ExtUtils::MY, ExtUtils::MakeMaker,
2697 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::FAQ, ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Tutorial,
2698 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::bytes, ExtUtils::MakeMaker::vmsish,
2699 ExtUtils::Manifest, ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap, ExtUtils::Mksymlists,
2700 ExtUtils::Packlist, ExtUtils::testlib, Fatal, Fcntl, File::Basename,
2701 File::CheckTree, File::Compare, File::Copy, File::DosGlob, File::Find,
2702 File::Glob, File::Path, File::Spec, File::Spec::Cygwin, File::Spec::Epoc,
2703 File::Spec::Functions, File::Spec::Mac, File::Spec::OS2, File::Spec::Unix,
2704 File::Spec::VMS, File::Spec::Win32, File::Temp, File::stat, FileCache,
2705 FileHandle, Filter::Simple, Filter::Util::Call, FindBin, GDBM_File,
2706 Getopt::Long, Getopt::Std, Hash::Util, I18N::Collate, I18N::LangTags,
2707 I18N::LangTags::List, I18N::Langinfo, IO, IO::Dir, IO::File, IO::Handle,
2708 IO::Pipe, IO::Poll, IO::Seekable, IO::Select, IO::Socket, IO::Socket::INET,
2709 IO::Socket::UNIX, IPC::Open2, IPC::Open3, IPC::SysV, IPC::SysV::Msg,
2710 IPC::SysV::Semaphore, List::Util, Locale::Constants, Locale::Country,
2711 Locale::Currency, Locale::Language, Locale::Maketext,
2712 Locale::Maketext::TPJ13, Locale::Script, MIME::Base64,
2713 MIME::Base64::QuotedPrint, Math::BigFloat, Math::BigInt,
2714 Math::BigInt::Calc, Math::BigInt::Scalar, Math::BigRat, Math::Complex,
2715 Math::Trig, Memoize, Memoize::AnyDBM_File, Memoize::Expire,
2716 Memoize::ExpireFile, Memoize::ExpireTest, Memoize::NDBM_File,
2717 Memoize::SDBM_File, Memoize::Storable, NDBM_File, NEXT, Net::Cmd,
2718 Net::Config, Net::Domain, Net::FTP, Net::NNTP, Net::Netrc, Net::POP3,
2719 Net::Ping, Net::SMTP, Net::Time, Net::hostent, Net::libnetFAQ, Net::netent,
2720 Net::protoent, Net::servent, O, ODBM_File, Opcode, POSIX, PerlIO,
2721 PerlIO::encoding, PerlIO::scalar, PerlIO::via, PerlIO::via::QuotedPrint,
2722 Pod::Checker, Pod::Find, Pod::Functions, Pod::Html, Pod::InputObjects,
2723 Pod::LaTeX, Pod::Man, Pod::ParseLink, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Parser,
2724 Pod::Perldoc::ToChecker, Pod::Perldoc::ToMan, Pod::Perldoc::ToNroff,
2725 Pod::Perldoc::ToPod, Pod::Perldoc::ToRtf, Pod::Perldoc::ToText,
2726 Pod::Perldoc::ToTk, Pod::Perldoc::ToXml, Pod::PlainText, Pod::Plainer,
2727 Pod::Select, Pod::Text, Pod::Text::Color, Pod::Text::Overstrike,
2728 Pod::Text::Termcap, Pod::Usage, SDBM_File, Safe, Scalar::Util,
2729 Search::Dict, SelectSaver, SelfLoader, Shell, Socket, Storable, Switch,
2730 Symbol, Sys::Hostname, Sys::Syslog, Term::ANSIColor, Term::Cap,
2731 Term::Complete, Term::ReadLine, Test, Test::Builder, Test::Harness,
2732 Test::Harness::Assert, Test::Harness::Iterator, Test::Harness::Straps,
2733 Test::More, Test::Simple, Test::Tutorial, Text::Abbrev, Text::Balanced,
2734 Text::ParseWords, Text::Soundex, Text::Tabs, Text::Wrap, Thread,
2735 Thread::Queue, Thread::Semaphore, Thread::Signal, Thread::Specific,
2736 Tie::Array, Tie::File, Tie::Handle, Tie::Hash, Tie::Memoize, Tie::RefHash,
2737 Tie::Scalar, Tie::SubstrHash, Time::HiRes, Time::Local, Time::gmtime,
2738 Time::localtime, Time::tm, UNIVERSAL, Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Normalize,
2739 Unicode::UCD, User::grent, User::pwent, Win32, XS::APItest, XS::Typemap,
2742 =item Extension Modules
2756 China, India, Indonesia, Israel, Japan, Korea, Philippines, Russian
2757 Federation, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand
2759 =item Central America
2765 Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
2766 Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
2767 Lithuania, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia,
2768 Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, Ukraine, United
2773 Alberta, Manitoba, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Quebec, Mexico
2777 Alabama, California, Colorado, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida,
2778 Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Jersey, New York,
2779 North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Texas,
2780 Utah, Virginia, ashington, Wisconsin
2784 Australia, New Zealand
2788 Argentina, Brazil, Chile
2794 =item Modules: Creation, Use, and Abuse
2798 =item Guidelines for Module Creation
2800 =item Guidelines for Converting Perl 4 Library Scripts into Modules
2802 =item Guidelines for Reusing Application Code
2810 =head2 perlmodstyle - Perl module style guide
2816 =item QUICK CHECKLIST
2820 =item Before you start
2828 =item Release considerations
2832 =item BEFORE YOU START WRITING A MODULE
2836 =item Has it been done before?
2838 =item Do one thing and do it well
2840 =item What's in a name?
2844 =item DESIGNING AND WRITING YOUR MODULE
2848 =item To OO or not to OO?
2850 =item Designing your API
2852 Write simple routines to do simple things, Separate functionality from
2853 output, Provide sensible shortcuts and defaults, Naming conventions,
2856 =item Strictness and warnings
2858 =item Backwards compatibility
2860 =item Error handling and messages
2864 =item DOCUMENTING YOUR MODULE
2870 =item README, INSTALL, release notes, changelogs
2872 perl Makefile.PL, make, make test, make install, perl Build.PL, perl Build,
2873 perl Build test, perl Build install
2877 =item RELEASE CONSIDERATIONS
2881 =item Version numbering
2883 =item Pre-requisites
2893 =item COMMON PITFALLS
2897 =item Reinventing the wheel
2899 =item Trying to do too much
2901 =item Inappropriate documentation
2907 L<perlstyle>, L<perlnewmod>, L<perlpod>, L<podchecker>, Packaging Tools,
2908 Testing tools, http://pause.perl.org/, Any good book on software
2915 =head2 perlnewmod - preparing a new module for distribution
2925 =item What should I make into a module?
2927 =item Step-by-step: Preparing the ground
2929 Look around, Check it's new, Discuss the need, Choose a name, Check again
2931 =item Step-by-step: Making the module
2933 Start with F<h2xs>, Use L<strict|strict> and L<warnings|warnings>, Use
2934 L<Carp|Carp>, Use L<Exporter|Exporter> - wisely!, Use L<plain old
2935 documentation|perlpod>, Write tests, Write the README
2937 =item Step-by-step: Distributing your module
2939 Get a CPAN user ID, C<perl Makefile.PL; make test; make dist>, Upload the
2940 tarball, Announce to the modules list, Announce to clpa, Fix bugs!
2950 =head2 perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl ($Revision: 1.11 $, $Date:
2951 2002/12/06 07:40:11 $)
2961 =item Who supports Perl? Who develops it? Why is it free?
2963 =item Which version of Perl should I use?
2965 =item What are perl4 and perl5?
2967 =item What is perl6?
2969 =item How stable is Perl?
2971 =item Is Perl difficult to learn?
2973 =item How does Perl compare with other languages like Java, Python, REXX,
2976 =item Can I do [task] in Perl?
2978 =item When shouldn't I program in Perl?
2980 =item What's the difference between "perl" and "Perl"?
2982 =item Is it a Perl program or a Perl script?
2984 =item What is a JAPH?
2986 =item Where can I get a list of Larry Wall witticisms?
2988 =item How can I convince my sysadmin/supervisor/employees to use version
2989 5/5.6.1/Perl instead of some other language?
2993 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
2997 =head2 perlfaq2 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl ($Revision: 1.20 $,
2998 $Date: 2003/01/26 17:50:56 $)
3006 =item What machines support Perl? Where do I get it?
3008 =item How can I get a binary version of Perl?
3010 =item I don't have a C compiler on my system. How can I compile perl?
3012 =item I copied the Perl binary from one machine to another, but scripts
3015 =item I grabbed the sources and tried to compile but gdbm/dynamic
3016 loading/malloc/linking/... failed. How do I make it work?
3018 =item What modules and extensions are available for Perl? What is CPAN?
3019 What does CPAN/src/... mean?
3021 =item Is there an ISO or ANSI certified version of Perl?
3023 =item Where can I get information on Perl?
3025 =item What are the Perl newsgroups on Usenet? Where do I post questions?
3027 =item Where should I post source code?
3031 References, Tutorials, Task-Oriented, Special Topics
3033 =item Perl in Magazines
3035 =item Perl on the Net: FTP and WWW Access
3037 =item What mailing lists are there for Perl?
3039 =item Archives of comp.lang.perl.misc
3041 =item Where can I buy a commercial version of Perl?
3043 =item Where do I send bug reports?
3045 =item What is perl.com? Perl Mongers? pm.org? perl.org? cpan.org?
3049 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
3053 =head2 perlfaq3 - Programming Tools ($Revision: 1.33 $, $Date: 2003/01/31
3062 =item How do I do (anything)?
3064 =item How can I use Perl interactively?
3066 =item Is there a Perl shell?
3068 =item How do I find which modules are installed on my system?
3070 =item How do I debug my Perl programs?
3072 =item How do I profile my Perl programs?
3074 =item How do I cross-reference my Perl programs?
3076 =item Is there a pretty-printer (formatter) for Perl?
3078 =item Is there a ctags for Perl?
3080 =item Is there an IDE or Windows Perl Editor?
3082 Komodo, The Object System, Open Perl IDE, PerlBuilder, visiPerl+, OptiPerl,
3083 GNU Emacs, MicroEMACS, XEmacs, Jed, Elvis, Vile, Vim, Codewright,
3084 MultiEdit, SlickEdit, Bash, Ksh, Tcsh, Zsh, BBEdit and BBEdit Lite, Alpha
3086 =item Where can I get Perl macros for vi?
3088 =item Where can I get perl-mode for emacs?
3090 =item How can I use curses with Perl?
3092 =item How can I use X or Tk with Perl?
3094 =item How can I generate simple menus without using CGI or Tk?
3096 =item How can I make my Perl program run faster?
3098 =item How can I make my Perl program take less memory?
3100 Don't slurp!, Use map and grep selectively, Avoid unnecessary quotes and
3101 stringification, Pass by reference, Tie large variables to disk
3103 =item Is it safe to return a reference to local or lexical data?
3105 =item How can I free an array or hash so my program shrinks?
3107 =item How can I make my CGI script more efficient?
3109 =item How can I hide the source for my Perl program?
3111 =item How can I compile my Perl program into byte code or C?
3113 =item How can I compile Perl into Java?
3115 =item How can I get C<#!perl> to work on [MS-DOS,NT,...]?
3117 =item Can I write useful Perl programs on the command line?
3119 =item Why don't Perl one-liners work on my DOS/Mac/VMS system?
3121 =item Where can I learn about CGI or Web programming in Perl?
3123 =item Where can I learn about object-oriented Perl programming?
3125 =item Where can I learn about linking C with Perl? [h2xs, xsubpp]
3127 =item I've read perlembed, perlguts, etc., but I can't embed perl in
3128 my C program; what am I doing wrong?
3130 =item When I tried to run my script, I got this message. What does it mean?
3132 =item What's MakeMaker?
3136 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
3140 =head2 perlfaq4 - Data Manipulation ($Revision: 1.43 $, $Date: 2003/02/23
3151 =item Why am I getting long decimals (eg, 19.9499999999999) instead of the
3152 numbers I should be getting (eg, 19.95)?
3154 =item Why isn't my octal data interpreted correctly?
3156 =item Does Perl have a round() function? What about ceil() and floor()?
3159 =item How do I convert between numeric representations?
3161 How do I convert hexadecimal into decimal, How do I convert from decimal to
3162 hexadecimal, How do I convert from octal to decimal, How do I convert from
3163 decimal to octal, How do I convert from binary to decimal, How do I convert
3164 from decimal to binary
3166 =item Why doesn't & work the way I want it to?
3168 =item How do I multiply matrices?
3170 =item How do I perform an operation on a series of integers?
3172 =item How can I output Roman numerals?
3174 =item Why aren't my random numbers random?
3176 =item How do I get a random number between X and Y?
3184 =item How do I find the day or week of the year?
3186 =item How can I compare two dates and find the difference?
3188 =item How can I take a string and turn it into epoch seconds?
3190 =item How can I find the Julian Day?
3192 =item How do I find yesterday's date?
3194 =item Does Perl have a Year 2000 problem? Is Perl Y2K compliant?
3202 =item How do I validate input?
3204 =item How do I unescape a string?
3206 =item How do I remove consecutive pairs of characters?
3208 =item How do I expand function calls in a string?
3210 =item How do I find matching/nesting anything?
3212 =item How do I reverse a string?
3214 =item How do I expand tabs in a string?
3216 =item How do I reformat a paragraph?
3218 =item How can I access or change N characters of a string?
3220 =item How do I change the Nth occurrence of something?
3222 =item How can I count the number of occurrences of a substring within a
3225 =item How do I capitalize all the words on one line?
3227 =item How can I split a [character] delimited string except when inside
3230 =item How do I strip blank space from the beginning/end of a string?
3232 =item How do I pad a string with blanks or pad a number with zeroes?
3234 =item How do I extract selected columns from a string?
3236 =item How do I find the soundex value of a string?
3238 =item How can I expand variables in text strings?
3240 =item What's wrong with always quoting "$vars"?
3242 =item Why don't my E<lt>E<lt>HERE documents work?
3244 There must be no space after the E<lt>E<lt> part, There (probably) should
3245 be a semicolon at the end, You can't (easily) have any space in front of
3254 =item What is the difference between a list and an array?
3256 =item What is the difference between $array[1] and @array[1]?
3258 =item How can I remove duplicate elements from a list or array?
3262 =item How can I tell whether a certain element is contained in a list or
3265 =item How do I compute the difference of two arrays? How do I compute the
3266 intersection of two arrays?
3268 =item How do I test whether two arrays or hashes are equal?
3270 =item How do I find the first array element for which a condition is true?
3272 =item How do I handle linked lists?
3274 =item How do I handle circular lists?
3276 =item How do I shuffle an array randomly?
3278 =item How do I process/modify each element of an array?
3280 =item How do I select a random element from an array?
3282 =item How do I permute N elements of a list?
3284 =item How do I sort an array by (anything)?
3286 =item How do I manipulate arrays of bits?
3288 =item Why does defined() return true on empty arrays and hashes?
3292 =item Data: Hashes (Associative Arrays)
3296 =item How do I process an entire hash?
3298 =item What happens if I add or remove keys from a hash while iterating over
3301 =item How do I look up a hash element by value?
3303 =item How can I know how many entries are in a hash?
3305 =item How do I sort a hash (optionally by value instead of key)?
3307 =item How can I always keep my hash sorted?
3309 =item What's the difference between "delete" and "undef" with hashes?
3311 =item Why don't my tied hashes make the defined/exists distinction?
3313 =item How do I reset an each() operation part-way through?
3315 =item How can I get the unique keys from two hashes?
3317 =item How can I store a multidimensional array in a DBM file?
3319 =item How can I make my hash remember the order I put elements into it?
3321 =item Why does passing a subroutine an undefined element in a hash create
3324 =item How can I make the Perl equivalent of a C structure/C++ class/hash or
3325 array of hashes or arrays?
3327 =item How can I use a reference as a hash key?
3335 =item How do I handle binary data correctly?
3337 =item How do I determine whether a scalar is a number/whole/integer/float?
3339 =item How do I keep persistent data across program calls?
3341 =item How do I print out or copy a recursive data structure?
3343 =item How do I define methods for every class/object?
3345 =item How do I verify a credit card checksum?
3347 =item How do I pack arrays of doubles or floats for XS code?
3351 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
3355 =head2 perlfaq5 - Files and Formats ($Revision: 1.28 $, $Date: 2003/01/26
3364 =item How do I flush/unbuffer an output filehandle? Why must I do this?
3366 =item How do I change one line in a file/delete a line in a file/insert a
3367 line in the middle of a file/append to the beginning of a file?
3369 =item How do I count the number of lines in a file?
3371 =item How can I use Perl's C<-i> option from within a program?
3373 =item How do I make a temporary file name?
3375 =item How can I manipulate fixed-record-length files?
3377 =item How can I make a filehandle local to a subroutine? How do I pass
3378 filehandles between subroutines? How do I make an array of filehandles?
3380 =item How can I use a filehandle indirectly?
3382 =item How can I set up a footer format to be used with write()?
3384 =item How can I write() into a string?
3386 =item How can I output my numbers with commas added?
3388 =item How can I translate tildes (~) in a filename?
3390 =item How come when I open a file read-write it wipes it out?
3392 =item Why do I sometimes get an "Argument list too long" when I use
3395 =item Is there a leak/bug in glob()?
3397 =item How can I open a file with a leading ">" or trailing blanks?
3399 =item How can I reliably rename a file?
3401 =item How can I lock a file?
3403 =item Why can't I just open(FH, "E<gt>file.lock")?
3405 =item I still don't get locking. I just want to increment the number in
3406 the file. How can I do this?
3408 =item All I want to do is append a small amount of text to the end of a
3409 file. Do I still have to use locking?
3411 =item How do I randomly update a binary file?
3413 =item How do I get a file's timestamp in perl?
3415 =item How do I set a file's timestamp in perl?
3417 =item How do I print to more than one file at once?
3419 =item How can I read in an entire file all at once?
3421 =item How can I read in a file by paragraphs?
3423 =item How can I read a single character from a file? From the keyboard?
3425 =item How can I tell whether there's a character waiting on a filehandle?
3427 =item How do I do a C<tail -f> in perl?
3429 =item How do I dup() a filehandle in Perl?
3431 =item How do I close a file descriptor by number?
3433 =item Why can't I use "C:\temp\foo" in DOS paths? Why doesn't
3434 `C:\temp\foo.exe` work?
3436 =item Why doesn't glob("*.*") get all the files?
3438 =item Why does Perl let me delete read-only files? Why does C<-i> clobber
3439 protected files? Isn't this a bug in Perl?
3441 =item How do I select a random line from a file?
3443 =item Why do I get weird spaces when I print an array of lines?
3447 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
3451 =head2 perlfaq6 - Regular Expressions ($Revision: 1.20 $, $Date: 2003/01/03
3460 =item How can I hope to use regular expressions without creating illegible
3461 and unmaintainable code?
3463 Comments Outside the Regex, Comments Inside the Regex, Different Delimiters
3465 =item I'm having trouble matching over more than one line. What's wrong?
3467 =item How can I pull out lines between two patterns that are themselves on
3470 =item I put a regular expression into $/ but it didn't work. What's wrong?
3472 =item How do I substitute case insensitively on the LHS while preserving
3475 =item How can I make C<\w> match national character sets?
3477 =item How can I match a locale-smart version of C</[a-zA-Z]/>?
3479 =item How can I quote a variable to use in a regex?
3481 =item What is C</o> really for?
3483 =item How do I use a regular expression to strip C style comments from a
3486 =item Can I use Perl regular expressions to match balanced text?
3488 =item What does it mean that regexes are greedy? How can I get around it?
3490 =item How do I process each word on each line?
3492 =item How can I print out a word-frequency or line-frequency summary?
3494 =item How can I do approximate matching?
3496 =item How do I efficiently match many regular expressions at once?
3498 =item Why don't word-boundary searches with C<\b> work for me?
3500 =item Why does using $&, $`, or $' slow my program down?
3502 =item What good is C<\G> in a regular expression?
3504 =item Are Perl regexes DFAs or NFAs? Are they POSIX compliant?
3506 =item What's wrong with using grep or map in a void context?
3508 =item How can I match strings with multibyte characters?
3510 =item How do I match a pattern that is supplied by the user?
3514 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
3518 =head2 perlfaq7 - General Perl Language Issues ($Revision: 1.14 $, $Date:
3519 2003/01/31 17:38:14 $)
3527 =item Can I get a BNF/yacc/RE for the Perl language?
3529 =item What are all these $@%&* punctuation signs, and how do I know when to
3532 =item Do I always/never have to quote my strings or use semicolons and
3535 =item How do I skip some return values?
3537 =item How do I temporarily block warnings?
3539 =item What's an extension?
3541 =item Why do Perl operators have different precedence than C operators?
3543 =item How do I declare/create a structure?
3545 =item How do I create a module?
3547 =item How do I create a class?
3549 =item How can I tell if a variable is tainted?
3551 =item What's a closure?
3553 =item What is variable suicide and how can I prevent it?
3555 =item How can I pass/return a {Function, FileHandle, Array, Hash, Method,
3558 Passing Variables and Functions, Passing Filehandles, Passing Regexes,
3561 =item How do I create a static variable?
3563 =item What's the difference between dynamic and lexical (static) scoping?
3564 Between local() and my()?
3566 =item How can I access a dynamic variable while a similarly named lexical
3569 =item What's the difference between deep and shallow binding?
3571 =item Why doesn't "my($foo) = E<lt>FILEE<gt>;" work right?
3573 =item How do I redefine a builtin function, operator, or method?
3575 =item What's the difference between calling a function as &foo and foo()?
3577 =item How do I create a switch or case statement?
3579 =item How can I catch accesses to undefined variables, functions, or
3582 =item Why can't a method included in this same file be found?
3584 =item How can I find out my current package?
3586 =item How can I comment out a large block of perl code?
3588 =item How do I clear a package?
3590 =item How can I use a variable as a variable name?
3592 =item What does "bad interpreter" mean?
3596 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
3600 =head2 perlfaq8 - System Interaction ($Revision: 1.17 $, $Date: 2003/01/26
3609 =item How do I find out which operating system I'm running under?
3611 =item How come exec() doesn't return?
3613 =item How do I do fancy stuff with the keyboard/screen/mouse?
3615 Keyboard, Screen, Mouse
3617 =item How do I print something out in color?
3619 =item How do I read just one key without waiting for a return key?
3621 =item How do I check whether input is ready on the keyboard?
3623 =item How do I clear the screen?
3625 =item How do I get the screen size?
3627 =item How do I ask the user for a password?
3629 =item How do I read and write the serial port?
3631 lockfiles, open mode, end of line, flushing output, non-blocking input
3633 =item How do I decode encrypted password files?
3635 =item How do I start a process in the background?
3637 STDIN, STDOUT, and STDERR are shared, Signals, Zombies
3639 =item How do I trap control characters/signals?
3641 =item How do I modify the shadow password file on a Unix system?
3643 =item How do I set the time and date?
3645 =item How can I sleep() or alarm() for under a second?
3647 =item How can I measure time under a second?
3649 =item How can I do an atexit() or setjmp()/longjmp()? (Exception handling)
3651 =item Why doesn't my sockets program work under System V (Solaris)? What
3652 does the error message "Protocol not supported" mean?
3654 =item How can I call my system's unique C functions from Perl?
3656 =item Where do I get the include files to do ioctl() or syscall()?
3658 =item Why do setuid perl scripts complain about kernel problems?
3660 =item How can I open a pipe both to and from a command?
3662 =item Why can't I get the output of a command with system()?
3664 =item How can I capture STDERR from an external command?
3666 =item Why doesn't open() return an error when a pipe open fails?
3668 =item What's wrong with using backticks in a void context?
3670 =item How can I call backticks without shell processing?
3672 =item Why can't my script read from STDIN after I gave it EOF (^D on Unix,
3675 =item How can I convert my shell script to perl?
3677 =item Can I use perl to run a telnet or ftp session?
3679 =item How can I write expect in Perl?
3681 =item Is there a way to hide perl's command line from programs such as
3684 =item I {changed directory, modified my environment} in a perl script. How
3685 come the change disappeared when I exited the script? How do I get my
3686 changes to be visible?
3690 =item How do I close a process's filehandle without waiting for it to
3693 =item How do I fork a daemon process?
3695 =item How do I find out if I'm running interactively or not?
3697 =item How do I timeout a slow event?
3699 =item How do I set CPU limits?
3701 =item How do I avoid zombies on a Unix system?
3703 =item How do I use an SQL database?
3705 =item How do I make a system() exit on control-C?
3707 =item How do I open a file without blocking?
3709 =item How do I install a module from CPAN?
3711 =item What's the difference between require and use?
3713 =item How do I keep my own module/library directory?
3715 =item How do I add the directory my program lives in to the module/library
3718 =item How do I add a directory to my include path at runtime?
3720 =item What is socket.ph and where do I get it?
3724 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
3728 =head2 perlfaq9 - Networking ($Revision: 1.15 $, $Date: 2003/01/31 17:36:57
3737 =item What is the correct form of response from a CGI script?
3739 =item My CGI script runs from the command line but not the browser. (500
3742 =item How can I get better error messages from a CGI program?
3744 =item How do I remove HTML from a string?
3746 =item How do I extract URLs?
3748 =item How do I download a file from the user's machine? How do I open a
3749 file on another machine?
3751 =item How do I make a pop-up menu in HTML?
3753 =item How do I fetch an HTML file?
3755 =item How do I automate an HTML form submission?
3757 =item How do I decode or create those %-encodings on the web?
3759 =item How do I redirect to another page?
3761 =item How do I put a password on my web pages?
3763 =item How do I edit my .htpasswd and .htgroup files with Perl?
3765 =item How do I make sure users can't enter values into a form that cause my
3766 CGI script to do bad things?
3768 =item How do I parse a mail header?
3770 =item How do I decode a CGI form?
3772 =item How do I check a valid mail address?
3774 =item How do I decode a MIME/BASE64 string?
3776 =item How do I return the user's mail address?
3778 =item How do I send mail?
3780 =item How do I use MIME to make an attachment to a mail message?
3782 =item How do I read mail?
3784 =item How do I find out my hostname/domainname/IP address?
3786 =item How do I fetch a news article or the active newsgroups?
3788 =item How do I fetch/put an FTP file?
3790 =item How can I do RPC in Perl?
3794 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
3798 =head2 perlcompile - Introduction to the Perl Compiler-Translator
3808 B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Lint, B::Deparse, B::Xref
3812 =item Using The Back Ends
3816 =item The Cross Referencing Back End
3820 =item The Decompiling Back End
3822 =item The Lint Back End
3824 =item The Simple C Back End
3826 =item The Bytecode Back End
3828 =item The Optimized C Back End
3832 =item Module List for the Compiler Suite
3834 B, O, B::Asmdata, B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC,
3835 B::Concise, B::Debug, B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex,
3836 B::Stackobj, B::Stash, B::Terse, B::Xref
3838 =item KNOWN PROBLEMS
3844 =head2 perlembed - how to embed perl in your C program
3854 B<Use C from Perl?>, B<Use a Unix program from Perl?>, B<Use Perl from
3855 Perl?>, B<Use C from C?>, B<Use Perl from C?>
3859 =item Compiling your C program
3861 =item Adding a Perl interpreter to your C program
3863 =item Calling a Perl subroutine from your C program
3865 =item Evaluating a Perl statement from your C program
3867 =item Performing Perl pattern matches and substitutions from your C program
3869 =item Fiddling with the Perl stack from your C program
3871 =item Maintaining a persistent interpreter
3873 =item Execution of END blocks
3875 =item Maintaining multiple interpreter instances
3877 =item Using Perl modules, which themselves use C libraries, from your C
3882 =item Embedding Perl under Win32
3894 =head2 perldebguts - Guts of Perl debugging
3900 =item Debugger Internals
3904 =item Writing Your Own Debugger
3908 =item Frame Listing Output Examples
3910 =item Debugging regular expressions
3914 =item Compile-time output
3916 C<anchored> I<STRING> C<at> I<POS>, C<floating> I<STRING> C<at>
3917 I<POS1..POS2>, C<matching floating/anchored>, C<minlen>, C<stclass>
3918 I<TYPE>, C<noscan>, C<isall>, C<GPOS>, C<plus>, C<implicit>, C<with eval>,
3921 =item Types of nodes
3923 =item Run-time output
3927 =item Debugging Perl memory usage
3931 =item Using C<$ENV{PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS}>
3933 C<buckets SMALLEST(APPROX)..GREATEST(APPROX)>, Free/Used, C<Total sbrk():
3934 SBRKed/SBRKs:CONTINUOUS>, C<pad: 0>, C<heads: 2192>, C<chain: 0>, C<tail:
3937 =item Example of using B<-DL> switch
3939 C<717>, C<002>, C<054>, C<602>, C<702>, C<704>
3941 =item B<-DL> details
3945 =item Limitations of B<-DL> statistics
3953 =head2 perlxstut, perlXStut - Tutorial for writing XSUBs
3965 =item Version caveat
3967 =item Dynamic Loading versus Static Loading
3979 =item What has gone on?
3981 =item Writing good test scripts
3985 =item What's new here?
3987 =item Input and Output Parameters
3989 =item The XSUBPP Program
3991 =item The TYPEMAP file
3993 =item Warning about Output Arguments
3997 =item What has happened here?
3999 =item Anatomy of .xs file
4001 =item Getting the fat out of XSUBs
4003 =item More about XSUB arguments
4005 =item The Argument Stack
4007 =item Extending your Extension
4009 =item Documenting your Extension
4011 =item Installing your Extension
4015 =item New Things in this Example
4019 =item New Things in this Example
4021 =item EXAMPLE 7 (Coming Soon)
4023 =item EXAMPLE 8 (Coming Soon)
4025 =item EXAMPLE 9 Passing open files to XSes
4027 =item Troubleshooting these Examples
4043 =head2 perlxs - XS language reference manual
4055 =item The Anatomy of an XSUB
4057 =item The Argument Stack
4059 =item The RETVAL Variable
4061 =item The MODULE Keyword
4063 =item The PACKAGE Keyword
4065 =item The PREFIX Keyword
4067 =item The OUTPUT: Keyword
4069 =item The NO_OUTPUT Keyword
4071 =item The CODE: Keyword
4073 =item The INIT: Keyword
4075 =item The NO_INIT Keyword
4077 =item Initializing Function Parameters
4079 =item Default Parameter Values
4081 =item The PREINIT: Keyword
4083 =item The SCOPE: Keyword
4085 =item The INPUT: Keyword
4087 =item The IN/OUTLIST/IN_OUTLIST/OUT/IN_OUT Keywords
4089 =item The C<length(NAME)> Keyword
4091 =item Variable-length Parameter Lists
4093 =item The C_ARGS: Keyword
4095 =item The PPCODE: Keyword
4097 =item Returning Undef And Empty Lists
4099 =item The REQUIRE: Keyword
4101 =item The CLEANUP: Keyword
4103 =item The POSTCALL: Keyword
4105 =item The BOOT: Keyword
4107 =item The VERSIONCHECK: Keyword
4109 =item The PROTOTYPES: Keyword
4111 =item The PROTOTYPE: Keyword
4113 =item The ALIAS: Keyword
4115 =item The OVERLOAD: Keyword
4117 =item The FALLBACK: Keyword
4119 =item The INTERFACE: Keyword
4121 =item The INTERFACE_MACRO: Keyword
4123 =item The INCLUDE: Keyword
4125 =item The CASE: Keyword
4127 =item The & Unary Operator
4129 =item Inserting POD, Comments and C Preprocessor Directives
4131 =item Using XS With C++
4133 =item Interface Strategy
4135 =item Perl Objects And C Structures
4139 =item Safely Storing Static Data in XS
4141 MY_CXT_KEY, typedef my_cxt_t, START_MY_CXT, MY_CXT_INIT, dMY_CXT, MY_CXT
4153 =head2 perlclib - Internal replacements for standard C library functions
4163 C<t>, C<p>, C<n>, C<s>
4165 =item File Operations
4167 =item File Input and Output
4169 =item File Positioning
4171 =item Memory Management and String Handling
4173 =item Character Class Tests
4175 =item F<stdlib.h> functions
4177 =item Miscellaneous functions
4185 =head2 perlguts - Introduction to the Perl API
4197 =item What is an "IV"?
4199 =item Working with SVs
4203 =item What's Really Stored in an SV?
4205 =item Working with AVs
4207 =item Working with HVs
4209 =item Hash API Extensions
4213 =item Blessed References and Class Objects
4215 =item Creating New Variables
4217 GV_ADDMULTI, GV_ADDWARN
4219 =item Reference Counts and Mortality
4221 =item Stashes and Globs
4223 =item Double-Typed SVs
4225 =item Magic Variables
4227 =item Assigning Magic
4229 =item Magic Virtual Tables
4233 =item Understanding the Magic of Tied Hashes and Arrays
4235 =item Localizing changes
4237 C<SAVEINT(int i)>, C<SAVEIV(IV i)>, C<SAVEI32(I32 i)>, C<SAVELONG(long i)>,
4238 C<SAVESPTR(s)>, C<SAVEPPTR(p)>, C<SAVEFREESV(SV *sv)>, C<SAVEMORTALIZESV(SV
4239 *sv)>, C<SAVEFREEOP(OP *op)>, C<SAVEFREEPV(p)>, C<SAVECLEARSV(SV *sv)>,
4240 C<SAVEDELETE(HV *hv, char *key, I32 length)>,
4241 C<SAVEDESTRUCTOR(DESTRUCTORFUNC_NOCONTEXT_t f, void *p)>,
4242 C<SAVEDESTRUCTOR_X(DESTRUCTORFUNC_t f, void *p)>, C<SAVESTACK_POS()>, C<SV*
4243 save_scalar(GV *gv)>, C<AV* save_ary(GV *gv)>, C<HV* save_hash(GV *gv)>,
4244 C<void save_item(SV *item)>, C<void save_list(SV **sarg, I32 maxsarg)>,
4245 C<SV* save_svref(SV **sptr)>, C<void save_aptr(AV **aptr)>, C<void
4246 save_hptr(HV **hptr)>
4254 =item XSUBs and the Argument Stack
4256 =item Calling Perl Routines from within C Programs
4258 =item Memory Allocation
4262 =item Putting a C value on Perl stack
4266 =item Scratchpads and recursion
4276 =item Examining the tree
4278 =item Compile pass 1: check routines
4280 =item Compile pass 1a: constant folding
4282 =item Compile pass 2: context propagation
4284 =item Compile pass 3: peephole optimization
4286 =item Pluggable runops
4290 =item Examining internal data structures with the C<dump> functions
4292 =item How multiple interpreters and concurrency are supported
4296 =item Background and PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
4298 =item So what happened to dTHR?
4300 =item How do I use all this in extensions?
4302 =item Should I do anything special if I call perl from multiple threads?
4304 =item Future Plans and PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
4308 =item Internal Functions
4310 A, p, d, s, n, r, f, M, o, j, x
4314 =item Formatted Printing of IVs, UVs, and NVs
4316 =item Pointer-To-Integer and Integer-To-Pointer
4318 =item Source Documentation
4322 =item Unicode Support
4326 =item What B<is> Unicode, anyway?
4328 =item How can I recognise a UTF8 string?
4330 =item How does UTF8 represent Unicode characters?
4332 =item How does Perl store UTF8 strings?
4334 =item How do I convert a string to UTF8?
4336 =item Is there anything else I need to know?
4340 =item Custom Operators
4348 =head2 perlcall - Perl calling conventions from C
4354 An Error Handler, An Event Driven Program
4356 =item THE CALL_ FUNCTIONS
4358 call_sv, call_pv, call_method, call_argv
4378 =item Determining the Context
4382 =item KNOWN PROBLEMS
4388 =item No Parameters, Nothing returned
4390 =item Passing Parameters
4392 =item Returning a Scalar
4394 =item Returning a list of values
4396 =item Returning a list in a scalar context
4398 =item Returning Data from Perl via the parameter list
4402 =item Using G_KEEPERR
4406 =item Using call_argv
4408 =item Using call_method
4412 =item Using Perl to dispose of temporaries
4414 =item Strategies for storing Callback Context Information
4416 1. Ignore the problem - Allow only 1 callback, 2. Create a sequence of
4417 callbacks - hard wired limit, 3. Use a parameter to map to the Perl
4420 =item Alternate Stack Manipulation
4422 =item Creating and calling an anonymous subroutine in C
4434 =head2 perlutil - utilities packaged with the Perl distribution
4444 L<perldoc|perldoc>, L<pod2man|pod2man> and L<pod2text|pod2text>,
4445 L<pod2html|pod2html> and L<pod2latex|pod2latex>, L<pod2usage|pod2usage>,
4446 L<podselect|podselect>, L<podchecker|podchecker>, L<splain|splain>,
4447 L<roffitall|roffitall>
4451 L<a2p|a2p>, L<s2p|s2p>, L<find2perl|find2perl>
4453 =item Administration
4455 L<libnetcfg|libnetcfg>
4459 L<perlbug|perlbug>, L<h2ph|h2ph>, L<c2ph|c2ph> and L<pstruct|pstruct>,
4460 L<h2xs|h2xs>, L<dprofpp|dprofpp>, L<perlcc|perlcc>
4468 =head2 perlfilter - Source Filters
4478 =item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER
4480 =item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN C
4482 B<Decryption Filters>
4484 =item CREATING A SOURCE FILTER AS A SEPARATE EXECUTABLE
4486 =item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN PERL
4488 =item USING CONTEXT: THE DEBUG FILTER
4492 =item THINGS TO LOOK OUT FOR
4494 Some Filters Clobber the C<DATA> Handle
4504 =head2 perldbmfilter - Perl DBM Filters
4512 B<filter_store_key>, B<filter_store_value>, B<filter_fetch_key>,
4513 B<filter_fetch_value>
4519 =item An Example -- the NULL termination problem.
4521 =item Another Example -- Key is a C int.
4531 =head2 perlapi - autogenerated documentation for the perl public API
4537 =item "Gimme" Values
4539 GIMME, GIMME_V, G_ARRAY, G_DISCARD, G_EVAL, G_NOARGS, G_SCALAR, G_VOID
4541 =item Array Manipulation Functions
4543 AvFILL, av_clear, av_delete, av_exists, av_extend, av_fetch, av_fill,
4544 av_len, av_make, av_pop, av_push, av_shift, av_store, av_undef, av_unshift,
4545 get_av, newAV, Nullav, sortsv
4547 =item Callback Functions
4549 call_argv, call_method, call_pv, call_sv, ENTER, eval_pv, eval_sv,
4550 FREETMPS, LEAVE, SAVETMPS
4552 =item Character classes
4554 isALNUM, isALPHA, isDIGIT, isLOWER, isSPACE, isUPPER, toLOWER, toUPPER
4556 =item Cloning an interpreter
4560 =item CV Manipulation Functions
4562 CvSTASH, get_cv, Nullcv
4564 =item Embedding Functions
4566 cv_undef, load_module, nothreadhook, perl_alloc, perl_construct,
4567 perl_destruct, perl_free, perl_parse, perl_run, require_pv
4569 =item Functions in file pp_pack.c
4571 packlist, pack_cat, unpackstring, unpack_str
4573 =item Global Variables
4575 PL_modglobal, PL_na, PL_sv_no, PL_sv_undef, PL_sv_yes
4579 GvSV, gv_fetchmeth, gv_fetchmethod, gv_fetchmethod_autoload,
4580 gv_fetchmeth_autoload, gv_stashpv, gv_stashsv
4584 HEf_SVKEY, Nullch, Nullsv
4586 =item Hash Manipulation Functions
4588 get_hv, HeHASH, HeKEY, HeKLEN, HePV, HeSVKEY, HeSVKEY_force, HeSVKEY_set,
4589 HeVAL, HvNAME, hv_clear, hv_delete, hv_delete_ent, hv_exists,
4590 hv_exists_ent, hv_fetch, hv_fetch_ent, hv_iterinit, hv_iterkey,
4591 hv_iterkeysv, hv_iternext, hv_iternextsv, hv_iternext_flags, hv_iterval,
4592 hv_magic, hv_store, hv_store_ent, hv_undef, newHV, Nullhv
4594 =item Magical Functions
4596 mg_clear, mg_copy, mg_find, mg_free, mg_get, mg_length, mg_magical, mg_set,
4597 SvGETMAGIC, SvLOCK, SvSETMAGIC, SvSetMagicSV, SvSetMagicSV_nosteal,
4598 SvSetSV, SvSetSV_nosteal, SvSHARE
4600 =item Memory Management
4602 Copy, Move, New, Newc, NEWSV, Newz, Poison, Renew, Renewc, Safefree,
4603 savepv, savepvn, savesharedpv, StructCopy, Zero
4605 =item Miscellaneous Functions
4607 fbm_compile, fbm_instr, form, getcwd_sv, strEQ, strGE, strGT, strLE, strLT,
4608 strNE, strnEQ, strnNE
4610 =item Numeric functions
4612 grok_bin, grok_hex, grok_number, grok_numeric_radix, grok_oct, scan_bin,
4615 =item Optree Manipulation Functions
4617 cv_const_sv, newCONSTSUB, newXS
4619 =item Pad Data Structures
4623 =item Stack Manipulation Macros
4625 dMARK, dORIGMARK, dSP, EXTEND, MARK, ORIGMARK, POPi, POPl, POPn, POPp,
4626 POPpbytex, POPpx, POPs, PUSHi, PUSHMARK, PUSHn, PUSHp, PUSHs, PUSHu,
4627 PUTBACK, SP, SPAGAIN, XPUSHi, XPUSHn, XPUSHp, XPUSHs, XPUSHu, XSRETURN,
4628 XSRETURN_IV, XSRETURN_NO, XSRETURN_NV, XSRETURN_PV, XSRETURN_UNDEF,
4629 XSRETURN_YES, XST_mIV, XST_mNO, XST_mNV, XST_mPV, XST_mUNDEF, XST_mYES
4633 svtype, SVt_IV, SVt_NV, SVt_PV, SVt_PVAV, SVt_PVCV, SVt_PVHV, SVt_PVMG
4635 =item SV Manipulation Functions
4637 get_sv, looks_like_number, newRV_inc, newRV_noinc, newSV, newSViv, newSVnv,
4638 newSVpv, newSVpvf, newSVpvn, newSVpvn_share, newSVrv, newSVsv, newSVuv,
4639 new_version, scan_version, scan_vstring, SvCUR, SvCUR_set, SvEND, SvGROW,
4640 SvIOK, SvIOKp, SvIOK_notUV, SvIOK_off, SvIOK_on, SvIOK_only, SvIOK_only_UV,
4641 SvIOK_UV, SvIsCOW, SvIsCOW_shared_hash, SvIV, SvIVx, SvIVX, SvLEN, SvNIOK,
4642 SvNIOKp, SvNIOK_off, SvNOK, SvNOKp, SvNOK_off, SvNOK_on, SvNOK_only, SvNV,
4643 SvNVX, SvNVx, SvOK, SvOOK, SvPOK, SvPOKp, SvPOK_off, SvPOK_on, SvPOK_only,
4644 SvPOK_only_UTF8, SvPV, SvPVbyte, SvPVbytex, SvPVbytex_force,
4645 SvPVbyte_force, SvPVbyte_nolen, SvPVutf8, SvPVutf8x, SvPVutf8x_force,
4646 SvPVutf8_force, SvPVutf8_nolen, SvPVx, SvPVX, SvPV_force, SvPV_force_nomg,
4647 SvPV_nolen, SvREFCNT, SvREFCNT_dec, SvREFCNT_inc, SvROK, SvROK_off,
4648 SvROK_on, SvRV, SvSTASH, SvTAINT, SvTAINTED, SvTAINTED_off, SvTAINTED_on,
4649 SvTRUE, SvTYPE, SvUNLOCK, SvUOK, SvUPGRADE, SvUTF8, SvUTF8_off, SvUTF8_on,
4650 SvUV, SvUVX, SvUVx, SvVOK, sv_2bool, sv_2cv, sv_2io, sv_2iv, sv_2mortal,
4651 sv_2nv, sv_2pvbyte, sv_2pvbyte_nolen, sv_2pvutf8, sv_2pvutf8_nolen,
4652 sv_2pv_flags, sv_2pv_nolen, sv_2uv, sv_backoff, sv_bless, sv_catpv,
4653 sv_catpvf, sv_catpvf_mg, sv_catpvn, sv_catpvn_flags, sv_catpvn_mg,
4654 sv_catpv_mg, sv_catsv, sv_catsv_flags, sv_catsv_mg, sv_chop, sv_clear,
4655 sv_cmp, sv_cmp_locale, sv_collxfrm, sv_copypv, sv_dec, sv_derived_from,
4656 sv_eq, sv_force_normal, sv_force_normal_flags, sv_free, sv_gets, sv_grow,
4657 sv_inc, sv_insert, sv_isa, sv_isobject, sv_iv, sv_len, sv_len_utf8,
4658 sv_magic, sv_magicext, sv_mortalcopy, sv_newmortal, sv_newref,
4659 sv_nolocking, sv_nosharing, sv_nounlocking, sv_nv, sv_pos_b2u, sv_pos_u2b,
4660 sv_pv, sv_pvbyte, sv_pvbyten, sv_pvbyten_force, sv_pvn, sv_pvn_force,
4661 sv_pvn_force_flags, sv_pvutf8, sv_pvutf8n, sv_pvutf8n_force, sv_reftype,
4662 sv_replace, sv_report_used, sv_reset, sv_rvweaken, sv_setiv, sv_setiv_mg,
4663 sv_setnv, sv_setnv_mg, sv_setpv, sv_setpvf, sv_setpvf_mg, sv_setpviv,
4664 sv_setpviv_mg, sv_setpvn, sv_setpvn_mg, sv_setpv_mg, sv_setref_iv,
4665 sv_setref_nv, sv_setref_pv, sv_setref_pvn, sv_setref_uv, sv_setsv,
4666 sv_setsv_flags, sv_setsv_mg, sv_setuv, sv_setuv_mg, sv_taint, sv_tainted,
4667 sv_true, sv_unmagic, sv_unref, sv_unref_flags, sv_untaint, sv_upgrade,
4668 sv_usepvn, sv_usepvn_mg, sv_utf8_decode, sv_utf8_downgrade, sv_utf8_encode,
4669 sv_utf8_upgrade, sv_utf8_upgrade_flags, sv_uv, sv_vcatpvfn, sv_vsetpvfn,
4670 upg_version, vcmp, vnumify, vstringify
4672 =item Unicode Support
4674 bytes_from_utf8, bytes_to_utf8, ibcmp_utf8, is_utf8_char, is_utf8_string,
4675 pv_uni_display, sv_cat_decode, sv_recode_to_utf8, sv_uni_display,
4676 to_utf8_case, to_utf8_fold, to_utf8_lower, to_utf8_title, to_utf8_upper,
4677 utf8n_to_uvchr, utf8n_to_uvuni, utf8_distance, utf8_hop, utf8_length,
4678 utf8_to_bytes, utf8_to_uvchr, utf8_to_uvuni, uvchr_to_utf8,
4681 =item Variables created by C<xsubpp> and C<xsubpp> internal functions
4683 ax, CLASS, dAX, dITEMS, dXSARGS, dXSI32, items, ix, newXSproto, RETVAL, ST,
4684 THIS, XS, XSRETURN_EMPTY, XS_VERSION, XS_VERSION_BOOTCHECK
4686 =item Warning and Dieing
4696 =head2 perlintern - autogenerated documentation of purely B<internal>
4703 =item CV reference counts and CvOUTSIDE
4707 =item Functions in file pad.h
4709 CX_CURPAD_SAVE, CX_CURPAD_SV, PAD_BASE_SV, PAD_CLONE_VARS,
4710 PAD_COMPNAME_FLAGS, PAD_COMPNAME_GEN, PAD_COMPNAME_OURSTASH,
4711 PAD_COMPNAME_PV, PAD_COMPNAME_TYPE, PAD_DUP, PAD_RESTORE_LOCAL,
4712 PAD_SAVE_LOCAL, PAD_SAVE_SETNULLPAD, PAD_SETSV, PAD_SET_CUR, PAD_SV,
4713 PAD_SVl, SAVECLEARSV, SAVECOMPPAD, SAVEPADSV
4715 =item Functions in file pp_ctl.c
4719 =item Global Variables
4721 PL_DBsingle, PL_DBsub, PL_DBtrace, PL_dowarn, PL_last_in_gv, PL_ofs_sv,
4732 =item Pad Data Structures
4734 CvPADLIST, cv_clone, cv_dump, do_dump_pad, intro_my, pad_add_anon,
4735 pad_add_name, pad_alloc, pad_block_start, pad_check_dup, pad_findlex,
4736 pad_findmy, pad_fixup_inner_anons, pad_free, pad_leavemy, pad_new,
4737 pad_push, pad_reset, pad_setsv, pad_swipe, pad_tidy, pad_undef
4739 =item Stack Manipulation Macros
4743 =item SV Manipulation Functions
4745 report_uninit, sv_add_arena, sv_clean_all, sv_clean_objs, sv_free_arenas
4753 =head2 perliol - C API for Perl's implementation of IO in Layers.
4763 =item History and Background
4765 =item Layers vs Disciplines
4767 =item Data Structures
4769 =item Functions and Attributes
4771 =item Per-instance Data
4773 =item Layers in action.
4775 =item Per-instance flag bits
4777 PERLIO_F_EOF, PERLIO_F_CANWRITE, PERLIO_F_CANREAD, PERLIO_F_ERROR,
4778 PERLIO_F_TRUNCATE, PERLIO_F_APPEND, PERLIO_F_CRLF, PERLIO_F_UTF8,
4779 PERLIO_F_UNBUF, PERLIO_F_WRBUF, PERLIO_F_RDBUF, PERLIO_F_LINEBUF,
4780 PERLIO_F_TEMP, PERLIO_F_OPEN, PERLIO_F_FASTGETS
4782 =item Methods in Detail
4784 fsize, name, size, kind, PERLIO_K_BUFFERED, PERLIO_K_RAW, PERLIO_K_CANCRLF,
4785 PERLIO_K_FASTGETS, PERLIO_K_MULTIARG, Pushed, Popped, Open, Binmode,
4786 Getarg, Fileno, Dup, Read, Write, Seek, Tell, Close, Flush, Fill, Eof,
4787 Error, Clearerr, Setlinebuf, Get_base, Get_bufsiz, Get_ptr, Get_cnt,
4790 =item Implementing PerlIO Layers
4794 "unix", "perlio", "stdio", "crlf", "mmap", "pending", "raw", "utf8"
4796 =item Extension Layers
4798 ":encoding", ":scalar", ":via"
4806 =head2 perlapio - perl's IO abstraction interface.
4814 1. USE_STDIO, 2. USE_SFIO, 3. USE_PERLIO, B<PerlIO_stdin()>,
4815 B<PerlIO_stdout()>, B<PerlIO_stderr()>, B<PerlIO_open(path, mode)>,
4816 B<PerlIO_fdopen(fd,mode)>, B<PerlIO_reopen(path,mode,f)>,
4817 B<PerlIO_printf(f,fmt,...)>, B<PerlIO_vprintf(f,fmt,a)>,
4818 B<PerlIO_stdoutf(fmt,...)>, B<PerlIO_read(f,buf,count)>,
4819 B<PerlIO_write(f,buf,count)>, B<PerlIO_close(f)>, B<PerlIO_puts(f,s)>,
4820 B<PerlIO_putc(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_ungetc(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_getc(f)>,
4821 B<PerlIO_eof(f)>, B<PerlIO_error(f)>, B<PerlIO_fileno(f)>,
4822 B<PerlIO_clearerr(f)>, B<PerlIO_flush(f)>, B<PerlIO_seek(f,offset,whence)>,
4823 B<PerlIO_tell(f)>, B<PerlIO_getpos(f,p)>, B<PerlIO_setpos(f,p)>,
4824 B<PerlIO_rewind(f)>, B<PerlIO_tmpfile()>, B<PerlIO_setlinebuf(f)>
4828 =item Co-existence with stdio
4830 B<PerlIO_importFILE(f,mode)>, B<PerlIO_exportFILE(f,mode)>,
4831 B<PerlIO_releaseFILE(p,f)>, B<PerlIO_findFILE(f)>
4833 =item "Fast gets" Functions
4835 B<PerlIO_fast_gets(f)>, B<PerlIO_has_cntptr(f)>, B<PerlIO_get_cnt(f)>,
4836 B<PerlIO_get_ptr(f)>, B<PerlIO_set_ptrcnt(f,p,c)>, B<PerlIO_canset_cnt(f)>,
4837 B<PerlIO_set_cnt(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_has_base(f)>, B<PerlIO_get_base(f)>,
4838 B<PerlIO_get_bufsiz(f)>
4840 =item Other Functions
4842 PerlIO_apply_layers(f,mode,layers), PerlIO_binmode(f,ptype,imode,layers),
4843 'E<lt>' read, 'E<gt>' write, '+' read/write, PerlIO_debug(fmt,...)
4849 =head2 perltodo - Perl TO-DO List
4855 =item To do during 5.6.x
4859 =item Support for I/O disciplines
4861 =item Autoload bytes.pm
4863 =item Make "\u{XXXX}" et al work
4865 =item Create a char *sv_pvprintify(sv, STRLEN *lenp, UV flags)
4867 =item Overloadable regex assertions
4871 =item Work out exit/die semantics for threads
4873 =item Better support for nonpreemptive threading systems like GNU pth
4875 =item Typed lexicals for compiler
4877 =item Compiler workarounds for Win32
4879 =item AUTOLOADing in the compiler
4881 =item Fixing comppadlist when compiling
4883 =item Cleaning up exported namespace
4885 =item Complete signal handling
4887 =item Out-of-source builds
4889 =item POSIX realtime support
4891 =item UNIX98 support
4895 =item Long double conversion
4899 =item Arithmetic on non-Arabic numerals
4901 =item POSIX Unicode character classes
4903 =item Factoring out common suffices/prefices in regexps (trie optimization)
4905 =item Security audit shipped utilities
4907 =item Sort out the uid-setting mess
4909 =item Custom opcodes
4911 =item DLL Versioning
4913 =item Introduce @( and @)
4915 =item Floating point handling
4917 =item IV/UV preservation
4919 =item Replace pod2html with something using Pod::Parser
4921 =item Automate module testing on CPAN
4923 =item sendmsg and recvmsg
4925 =item Rewrite perlre documentation
4927 =item Convert example code to IO::Handle filehandles
4929 =item Document Win32 choices
4931 =item Check new modules
4933 =item Make roffitall find pods and libs itself
4937 =item To do at some point
4941 =item Remove regular expression recursion
4943 =item Memory leaks after failed eval
4945 =item bitfields in pack
4947 =item Cross compilation
4949 =item Perl preprocessor / macros
4951 =item Perl lexer in Perl
4953 =item Using POSIX calls internally
4955 =item -i rename file when changed
4957 =item All ARGV input should act like E<lt>E<gt>
4959 =item Support for rerunning debugger
4961 =item Test Suite for the Debugger
4963 =item my sub foo { }
4965 =item One-pass global destruction
4967 =item Rewrite regexp parser
4969 =item Cache recently used regexps
4971 =item Cross-compilation support
4973 =item Bit-shifting bitvectors
4975 =item debugger pragma
4977 =item use less pragma
4979 =item switch structures
4981 =item Cache eval tree
4985 =item Shrink opcode tables
4987 =item Optimize away @_
4989 =item Prototypes versus indirect objects
4993 =item Prototype method calls
4995 =item Return context prototype declarations
4999 =item Garbage collection
5003 =item Rewrite perldoc
5005 =item Install .3p manpages
5007 =item Unicode tutorial
5009 =item Update POSIX.pm for 1003.1-2
5011 =item Retargetable installation
5013 =item POSIX emulation on non-POSIX systems
5015 =item Rename Win32 headers
5017 =item Finish off lvalue functions
5019 =item Update sprintf documentation
5021 =item Use fchown/fchmod internally
5023 =item Make v-strings overloaded objects
5025 =item Allow restricted hash assignment
5027 =item Should overload be inheritable?
5037 =item ref() in list context
5039 =item Make tr/// return histogram of characters in list context
5041 =item Compile to real threaded code
5043 =item Structured types
5045 =item Modifiable $1 et al.
5047 =item Procedural interfaces for IO::*, etc.
5051 =item Attach/detach debugger from running program
5055 =item foreach(reverse ...)
5057 =item Constant function cache
5059 =item Approximate regular expression matching
5067 =item Update guts documentation
5069 =item Add more tests
5071 =item Update auxiliary tools
5073 =item Create debugging macros
5075 =item truncate to the people
5077 =item Unicode in Filenames
5081 =item Unicode in %ENV
5083 =item Recently done things
5087 =item Alternative RE syntax module
5089 =item Safe signal handling
5095 =item setitimer and getimiter
5097 =item Testing __DIE__ hook
5099 =item CPP equivalent in Perl
5101 =item Explicit switch statements
5109 =item perlcc to produce executable
5111 =item END blocks saved in compiled output
5113 =item Secure temporary file module
5115 =item Integrate Time::HiRes
5117 =item Turn Cwd into XS
5119 =item Mmap for input
5121 =item Byte to/from UTF8 and UTF8 to/from local conversion
5123 =item Add sockatmark support
5125 =item Mailing list archives
5129 =item Integrate MacPerl
5131 =item Web "nerve center" for Perl
5133 =item Regular expression tutorial
5135 =item Debugging Tutorial
5137 =item Integrate new modules
5139 =item Integrate profiler
5141 =item Y2K error detection
5143 =item Regular expression debugger
5147 =item "Dynamic" lexicals
5149 =item Cache precompiled modules
5153 =item Deprecated Wishes
5157 =item Loop control on do{}
5159 =item Lexically scoped typeglobs
5165 =item Generalised want()/caller())
5167 =item Named prototypes
5169 =item Built-in globbing
5171 =item Regression tests for suidperl
5173 =item Cached hash values
5175 =item Add compression modules
5177 =item Reorganise documentation into tutorials/references
5179 =item Remove distinction between functions and operators
5181 =item Make XS easier to use
5183 =item Make embedding easier to use
5187 =item my $Package::variable
5189 =item "or" tests defined, not truth
5191 =item "class"-based lexicals
5195 =item Lazy evaluation / tail recursion removal
5197 =item Make "use utf8" the default
5199 =item Unicode collation and normalization
5201 =item pack/unpack tutorial
5207 =head2 perlhack - How to hack at the Perl internals
5213 Does concept match the general goals of Perl?, Where is the
5214 implementation?, Backwards compatibility, Could it be a module instead?, Is
5215 the feature generic enough?, Does it potentially introduce new bugs?, Does
5216 it preclude other desirable features?, Is the implementation robust?, Is
5217 the implementation generic enough to be portable?, Is the implementation
5218 tested?, Is there enough documentation?, Is there another way to do it?,
5219 Does it create too much work?, Patches speak louder than words
5223 =item Keeping in sync
5225 rsync'ing the source tree, Using rsync over the LAN, Using pushing over the
5226 NFS, rsync'ing the patches
5228 =item Why rsync the source tree
5230 It's easier to rsync the source tree, It's more reliable
5232 =item Why rsync the patches
5234 It's easier to rsync the patches, It's a good reference, Finding a start
5235 point, Finding how to fix a bug, Finding the source of misbehaviour
5237 =item Perlbug administration
5239 =item Submitting patches
5241 L<perlguts>, L<perlxstut> and L<perlxs>, L<perlapi>,
5242 F<Porting/pumpkin.pod>, The perl5-porters FAQ
5244 =item Finding Your Way Around
5246 Core modules, Tests, Documentation, Configure, Interpreter
5248 =item Elements of the interpreter
5250 Startup, Parsing, Optimization, Running
5252 =item Internal Variable Types
5258 Argument stack, Mark stack, Save stack
5260 =item Millions of Macros
5262 =item Poking at Perl
5264 =item Using a source-level debugger
5266 run [args], break function_name, break source.c:xxx, step, next, continue,
5267 finish, 'enter', print
5269 =item Dumping Perl Data Structures
5273 =item Patching a core module
5275 =item Adding a new function to the core
5277 =item Writing a test
5279 F<t/base/>, F<t/cmd/>, F<t/comp/>, F<t/io/>, F<t/lib/>, F<t/op/>,
5280 F<t/pod/>, F<t/run/>, F<t/uni/>, F<t/win32/>, F<t/x2p>, t/base t/comp,
5281 t/cmd t/run t/io t/op, t/lib ext lib
5283 =item Special Make Test Targets
5285 coretest, test.deparse, minitest, test.third check.third utest.third
5286 ucheck.third, test.torture torturetest, utest ucheck test.utf8 check.utf8,
5289 =item Running tests by hand
5291 PERL_CORE=1, PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL=2, PERL, PERL_SKIP_TTY_TEST
5295 =item EXTERNAL TOOLS FOR DEBUGGING PERL
5299 =item Rational Software's Purify
5301 =item Purify on Unix
5303 -Accflags=-DPURIFY, -Doptimize='-g', -Uusemymalloc, -Dusemultiplicity
5307 DEFINES, USE_MULTI = define, #PERL_MALLOC = define, CFG = Debug
5309 =item Compaq's/Digital's/HP's Third Degree
5311 =item PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL
5315 =item Gprof Profiling
5317 -a, -b, -e routine, -f routine, -s, -z
5319 =item GCC gcov Profiling
5321 =item Pixie Profiling
5323 -h, -l, -p[rocedures], -h[eavy], -i[nvocations], -l[ines], -testcoverage,
5326 =item Miscellaneous tricks
5330 I<The Road goes ever on and on, down from the door where it began.>
5338 =head2 perldoc - Look up Perl documentation in Pod format.
5348 B<-h>, B<-v>, B<-t>, B<-u>, B<-m> I<module>, B<-l>, B<-F>, B<-f>
5349 I<perlfunc>, B<-q> I<perlfaq-search-regexp>, B<-T>, B<-d>
5350 I<destination-filename>, B<-o> I<output-formatname>, B<-M> I<module-name>,
5351 B<-w> I<option:value> or B<-w> I<option>, B<-X>,
5352 B<PageName|ModuleName|ProgramName>, B<-n> I<some-formatter>, B<-r>, B<-i>,
5363 =head2 perlhist - the Perl history records
5371 =item THE KEEPERS OF THE PUMPKIN
5383 =item SELECTED RELEASE SIZES
5385 =item SELECTED PATCH SIZES
5389 =item THE KEEPERS OF THE RECORDS
5393 =head2 perldelta - what is new for perl v5.9.0
5399 =item Incompatible Changes
5401 =item Core Enhancements
5405 =item Tied Arrays with Negative Array Indices
5409 =item Modules and Pragmata
5411 =item Utility Changes
5413 =item New Documentation
5415 =item Performance Enhancements
5417 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
5419 =item Selected Bug Fixes
5421 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
5423 =item Changed Internals
5427 =item Known Problems
5429 =item Platform Specific Problems
5431 =item Reporting Bugs
5437 =head2 perl58delta, perldelta - what is new for perl v5.8.0
5443 =item Highlights In 5.8.0
5445 =item Incompatible Changes
5449 =item Binary Incompatibility
5451 =item 64-bit platforms and malloc
5453 =item AIX Dynaloading
5455 =item Attributes for C<my> variables now handled at run-time
5457 =item Socket Extension Dynamic in VMS
5459 =item IEEE-format Floating Point Default on OpenVMS Alpha
5461 =item New Unicode Semantics (no more C<use utf8>, almost)
5463 =item New Unicode Properties
5465 =item REF(...) Instead Of SCALAR(...)
5467 =item pack/unpack D/F recycled
5469 =item glob() now returns filenames in alphabetical order
5475 =item Core Enhancements
5479 =item Unicode Overhaul
5481 =item PerlIO is Now The Default
5485 =item Restricted Hashes
5489 =item Understanding of Numbers
5491 =item Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings [561]
5493 =item Miscellaneous Changes
5497 =item Modules and Pragmata
5501 =item New Modules and Pragmata
5503 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
5507 =item Utility Changes
5509 =item New Documentation
5511 =item Performance Enhancements
5513 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
5517 =item Generic Improvements
5519 =item New Or Improved Platforms
5523 =item Selected Bug Fixes
5527 =item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
5531 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
5533 =item Changed Internals
5535 =item Security Vulnerability Closed [561]
5539 =item Known Problems
5543 =item The Compiler Suite Is Still Very Experimental
5545 =item Localising Tied Arrays and Hashes Is Broken
5547 =item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
5549 =item Modifying $_ Inside for(..)
5551 =item mod_perl 1.26 Doesn't Build With Threaded Perl
5553 =item lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
5555 =item libwww-perl (LWP) fails base/date #51
5557 =item PDL failing some tests
5561 =item Self-tying Problems
5563 =item ext/threads/t/libc
5565 =item Failure of Thread (5.005-style) tests
5567 =item Timing problems
5569 =item Tied/Magical Array/Hash Elements Do Not Autovivify
5571 =item Unicode in package/class and subroutine names does not work
5575 =item Platform Specific Problems
5581 =item Alpha systems with old gccs fail several tests
5587 =item Cygwin "unable to remap"
5589 =item Cygwin ndbm tests fail on FAT
5591 =item DJGPP Failures
5593 =item FreeBSD built with ithreads coredumps reading large directories
5595 =item FreeBSD Failing locale Test 117 For ISO 8859-15 Locales
5597 =item IRIX fails ext/List/Util/t/shuffle.t or Digest::MD5
5599 =item HP-UX lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails When LP64-Configured
5601 =item Linux with glibc 2.2.5 fails t/op/int subtest #6 with -Duse64bitint
5603 =item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
5607 =item Mac OS X dyld undefined symbols
5609 =item OS/2 Test Failures
5611 =item op/sprintf tests 91, 129, and 130
5617 =item Solaris x86 Fails Tests With -Duse64bitint
5619 =item SUPER-UX (NEC SX)
5621 =item Term::ReadKey not working on Win32
5633 =item XML::Parser not working
5637 =item Unicode Support on EBCDIC Still Spotty
5639 =item Seen In Perl 5.7 But Gone Now
5643 =item Reporting Bugs
5651 =head2 perl573delta - what's new for perl v5.7.3
5659 =item Reporting Bugs
5667 =head2 perl572delta - what's new for perl v5.7.2
5673 =item Security Vulnerability Closed
5675 =item Incompatible Changes
5679 =item 64-bit platforms and malloc
5681 =item AIX Dynaloading
5683 =item Socket Extension Dynamic in VMS
5685 =item Different Definition of the Unicode Character Classes \p{In...}
5691 =item Core Enhancements
5693 =item Modules and Pragmata
5697 =item New Modules and Distributions
5699 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
5703 =item Utility Changes
5705 =item New Documentation
5707 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
5711 =item New Or Improved Platforms
5713 =item Generic Improvements
5717 =item Selected Bug Fixes
5721 =item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
5725 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
5727 =item Source Code Enhancements
5731 =item MAGIC constants
5733 =item Better commented code
5735 =item Regex pre-/post-compilation items matched up
5743 =item Known Problems
5749 =item Amiga Perl Invoking Mystery
5751 =item lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
5753 =item Cygwin intermittent failures of lib/Memoize/t/expire_file 11 and 12
5755 =item HP-UX lib/io_multihomed Fails When LP64-Configured
5757 =item HP-UX lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails When LP64-Configured
5759 =item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
5763 =item op/sprintf tests 129 and 130
5765 =item Failure of Thread tests
5775 =item Localising a Tied Variable Leaks Memory
5777 =item Self-tying of Arrays and Hashes Is Forbidden
5779 =item Variable Attributes are not Currently Usable for Tieing
5781 =item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
5783 =item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental
5785 =item The Long Double Support is Still Experimental
5789 =item Reporting Bugs
5797 =head2 perl571delta - what's new for perl v5.7.1
5803 =item Security Vulnerability Closed
5805 =item Incompatible Changes
5807 =item Core Enhancements
5811 =item AUTOLOAD Is Now Lvaluable
5813 =item PerlIO is Now The Default
5815 =item Signals Are Now Safe
5819 =item Modules and Pragmata
5825 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
5829 =item Performance Enhancements
5831 =item Utility Changes
5833 =item New Documentation
5849 =item README.solaris
5853 =item Porting/repository.pod
5857 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
5861 =item New Or Improved Platforms
5863 =item Generic Improvements
5865 d_cmsghdr, d_fcntl_can_lock, d_fsync, d_getitimer, d_getpagsz, d_msghdr_s,
5866 need_va_copy, d_readv, d_recvmsg, d_sendmsg, sig_size, d_sockatmark,
5867 d_strtoq, d_u32align, d_ualarm, d_usleep
5871 =item Selected Bug Fixes
5875 =item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
5879 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
5881 =item Changed Internals
5885 =item Known Problems
5889 =item AIX vac 5.0.0.0 May Produce Buggy Code For Perl
5891 =item lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
5893 =item lib/io_multihomed Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
5895 =item Test lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
5899 =item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
5901 =item sigaction test 13 in VMS
5903 =item sprintf tests 129 and 130
5905 =item Failure of Thread tests
5907 =item Localising a Tied Variable Leaks Memory
5909 =item Self-tying of Arrays and Hashes Is Forbidden
5911 =item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
5913 =item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental
5917 =item Reporting Bugs
5925 =head2 perl570delta - what's new for perl v5.7.0
5931 =item Security Vulnerability Closed
5933 =item Incompatible Changes
5935 =item Core Enhancements
5937 =item Modules and Pragmata
5943 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
5947 =item Utility Changes
5949 =item New Documentation
5951 =item Performance Enhancements
5953 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
5957 =item Generic Improvements
5961 =item Selected Bug Fixes
5965 =item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
5969 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
5971 =item Changed Internals
5973 =item Known Problems
5977 =item Unicode Support Still Far From Perfect
5979 =item EBCDIC Still A Lost Platform
5981 =item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
5983 =item ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
5985 =item Test lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
5987 =item Long Doubles Still Don't Work In Solaris
5989 =item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
5991 =item Storable tests fail in some platforms
5993 =item Threads Are Still Experimental
5995 =item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental
5999 =item Reporting Bugs
6007 =head2 perl561delta - what's new for perl v5.6.x
6013 =item Summary of changes between 5.6.0 and 5.6.1
6017 =item Security Issues
6019 =item Core bug fixes
6021 C<UNIVERSAL::isa()>, Memory leaks, Numeric conversions, qw(a\\b), caller(),
6022 Bugs in regular expressions, "slurp" mode, Autovivification of symbolic
6023 references to special variables, Lexical warnings, Spurious warnings and
6024 errors, glob(), Tainting, sort(), #line directives, Subroutine prototypes,
6025 map(), Debugger, PERL5OPT, chop(), Unicode support, 64-bit support,
6026 Compiler, Lvalue subroutines, IO::Socket, File::Find, xsubpp, C<no
6031 =item Configuration issues
6035 =item Bundled modules
6037 B::Concise, File::Temp, Pod::LaTeX, Pod::Text::Overstrike, CGI, CPAN,
6038 Class::Struct, DB_File, Devel::Peek, File::Find, Getopt::Long, IO::Poll,
6039 IPC::Open3, Math::BigFloat, Math::Complex, Net::Ping, Opcode, Pod::Parser,
6040 Pod::Text, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Tie::RefHash, Tie::SubstrHash
6042 =item Platform-specific improvements
6044 NCR MP-RAS, NonStop-UX
6048 =item Core Enhancements
6052 =item Interpreter cloning, threads, and concurrency
6054 =item Lexically scoped warning categories
6056 =item Unicode and UTF-8 support
6058 =item Support for interpolating named characters
6060 =item "our" declarations
6062 =item Support for strings represented as a vector of ordinals
6064 =item Improved Perl version numbering system
6066 =item New syntax for declaring subroutine attributes
6068 =item File and directory handles can be autovivified
6070 =item open() with more than two arguments
6072 =item 64-bit support
6074 =item Large file support
6080 =item Enhanced support for sort() subroutines
6082 =item C<sort $coderef @foo> allowed
6084 =item File globbing implemented internally
6086 =item Support for CHECK blocks
6088 =item POSIX character class syntax [: :] supported
6090 =item Better pseudo-random number generator
6092 =item Improved C<qw//> operator
6094 =item Better worst-case behavior of hashes
6096 =item pack() format 'Z' supported
6098 =item pack() format modifier '!' supported
6100 =item pack() and unpack() support counted strings
6102 =item Comments in pack() templates
6104 =item Weak references
6106 =item Binary numbers supported
6108 =item Lvalue subroutines
6110 =item Some arrows may be omitted in calls through references
6112 =item Boolean assignment operators are legal lvalues
6114 =item exists() is supported on subroutine names
6116 =item exists() and delete() are supported on array elements
6118 =item Pseudo-hashes work better
6120 =item Automatic flushing of output buffers
6122 =item Better diagnostics on meaningless filehandle operations
6124 =item Where possible, buffered data discarded from duped input filehandle
6126 =item eof() has the same old magic as <>
6128 =item binmode() can be used to set :crlf and :raw modes
6130 =item C<-T> filetest recognizes UTF-8 encoded files as "text"
6132 =item system(), backticks and pipe open now reflect exec() failure
6134 =item Improved diagnostics
6136 =item Diagnostics follow STDERR
6138 =item More consistent close-on-exec behavior
6140 =item syswrite() ease-of-use
6142 =item Better syntax checks on parenthesized unary operators
6144 =item Bit operators support full native integer width
6146 =item Improved security features
6148 =item More functional bareword prototype (*)
6150 =item C<require> and C<do> may be overridden
6152 =item $^X variables may now have names longer than one character
6154 =item New variable $^C reflects C<-c> switch
6156 =item New variable $^V contains Perl version as a string
6158 =item Optional Y2K warnings
6160 =item Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings
6164 =item Modules and Pragmata
6170 attributes, B, Benchmark, ByteLoader, constant, charnames, Data::Dumper,
6171 DB, DB_File, Devel::DProf, Devel::Peek, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, English,
6172 Env, Fcntl, File::Compare, File::Find, File::Glob, File::Spec,
6173 File::Spec::Functions, Getopt::Long, IO, JPL, lib, Math::BigInt,
6174 Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Pod::Parser, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Checker,
6175 podchecker, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Find, Pod::Select, podselect, Pod::Usage,
6176 pod2usage, Pod::Text and Pod::Man, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Sys::Hostname,
6177 Term::ANSIColor, Time::Local, Win32, XSLoader, DBM Filters
6183 =item Utility Changes
6197 =item The Perl Debugger
6201 =item Improved Documentation
6203 perlapi.pod, perlboot.pod, perlcompile.pod, perldbmfilter.pod,
6204 perldebug.pod, perldebguts.pod, perlfork.pod, perlfilter.pod, perlhack.pod,
6205 perlintern.pod, perllexwarn.pod, perlnumber.pod, perlopentut.pod,
6206 perlreftut.pod, perltootc.pod, perltodo.pod, perlunicode.pod
6208 =item Performance enhancements
6212 =item Simple sort() using { $a <=> $b } and the like are optimized
6214 =item Optimized assignments to lexical variables
6216 =item Faster subroutine calls
6218 =item delete(), each(), values() and hash iteration are faster
6222 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
6226 =item -Dusethreads means something different
6228 =item New Configure flags
6230 =item Threadedness and 64-bitness now more daring
6236 =item -Duselargefiles
6238 =item installusrbinperl
6244 =item Enhanced Installation Directories
6246 =item gcc automatically tried if 'cc' does not seem to be working
6250 =item Platform specific changes
6254 =item Supported platforms
6258 =item OS390 (OpenEdition MVS)
6266 =item Significant bug fixes
6270 =item <HANDLE> on empty files
6272 =item C<eval '...'> improvements
6274 =item All compilation errors are true errors
6276 =item Implicitly closed filehandles are safer
6278 =item Behavior of list slices is more consistent
6280 =item C<(\$)> prototype and C<$foo{a}>
6282 =item C<goto &sub> and AUTOLOAD
6284 =item C<-bareword> allowed under C<use integer>
6286 =item Failures in DESTROY()
6288 =item Locale bugs fixed
6292 =item Spurious subroutine stubs after failed subroutine calls
6294 =item Taint failures under C<-U>
6296 =item END blocks and the C<-c> switch
6298 =item Potential to leak DATA filehandles
6302 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
6304 "%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same %s, "my sub" not yet
6305 implemented, "our" variable %s redeclared, '!' allowed only after types %s,
6306 / cannot take a count, / must be followed by a, A or Z, / must be followed
6307 by a*, A* or Z*, / must follow a numeric type, /%s/: Unrecognized escape
6308 \\%c passed through, /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c in character class
6309 passed through, /%s/ should probably be written as "%s", %s() called too
6310 early to check prototype, %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element, %s
6311 argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or slice, %s argument is not a
6312 subroutine name, %s package attribute may clash with future reserved word:
6313 %s, (in cleanup) %s, <> should be quotes, Attempt to join self, Bad evalled
6314 substitution pattern, Bad realloc() ignored, Bareword found in conditional,
6315 Binary number > 0b11111111111111111111111111111111 non-portable, Bit vector
6316 size > 32 non-portable, Buffer overflow in prime_env_iter: %s, Can't check
6317 filesystem of script "%s", Can't declare class for non-scalar %s in "%s",
6318 Can't declare %s in "%s", Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default,
6319 Can't modify non-lvalue subroutine call, Can't read CRTL environ, Can't
6320 remove %s: %s, skipping file, Can't return %s from lvalue subroutine, Can't
6321 weaken a nonreference, Character class [:%s:] unknown, Character class
6322 syntax [%s] belongs inside character classes, Constant is not %s reference,
6323 constant(%s): %s, CORE::%s is not a keyword, defined(@array) is deprecated,
6324 defined(%hash) is deprecated, Did not produce a valid header, (Did you mean
6325 "local" instead of "our"?), Document contains no data, entering effective
6326 %s failed, false [] range "%s" in regexp, Filehandle %s opened only for
6327 output, flock() on closed filehandle %s, Global symbol "%s" requires
6328 explicit package name, Hexadecimal number > 0xffffffff non-portable,
6329 Ill-formed CRTL environ value "%s", Ill-formed message in prime_env_iter:
6330 |%s|, Illegal binary digit %s, Illegal binary digit %s ignored, Illegal
6331 number of bits in vec, Integer overflow in %s number, Invalid %s attribute:
6332 %s, Invalid %s attributes: %s, invalid [] range "%s" in regexp, Invalid
6333 separator character %s in attribute list, Invalid separator character %s in
6334 subroutine attribute list, leaving effective %s failed, Lvalue subs
6335 returning %s not implemented yet, Method %s not permitted, Missing
6336 %sbrace%s on \N{}, Missing command in piped open, Missing name in "my sub",
6337 No %s specified for -%c, No package name allowed for variable %s in "our",
6338 No space allowed after -%c, no UTC offset information; assuming local time
6339 is UTC, Octal number > 037777777777 non-portable, panic: del_backref,
6340 panic: kid popen errno read, panic: magic_killbackrefs, Parentheses missing
6341 around "%s" list, Possible unintended interpolation of %s in string,
6342 Possible Y2K bug: %s, pragma "attrs" is deprecated, use "sub NAME : ATTRS"
6343 instead, Premature end of script headers, Repeat count in pack overflows,
6344 Repeat count in unpack overflows, realloc() of freed memory ignored,
6345 Reference is already weak, setpgrp can't take arguments, Strange *+?{} on
6346 zero-length expression, switching effective %s is not implemented, This
6347 Perl can't reset CRTL environ elements (%s), This Perl can't set CRTL
6348 environ elements (%s=%s), Too late to run %s block, Unknown open() mode
6349 '%s', Unknown process %x sent message to prime_env_iter: %s, Unrecognized
6350 escape \\%c passed through, Unterminated attribute parameter in attribute
6351 list, Unterminated attribute list, Unterminated attribute parameter in
6352 subroutine attribute list, Unterminated subroutine attribute list, Value of
6353 CLI symbol "%s" too long, Version number must be a constant number
6357 =item Incompatible Changes
6361 =item Perl Source Incompatibilities
6363 CHECK is a new keyword, Treatment of list slices of undef has changed,
6364 Format of $English::PERL_VERSION is different, Literals of the form
6365 C<1.2.3> parse differently, Possibly changed pseudo-random number
6366 generator, Hashing function for hash keys has changed, C<undef> fails on
6367 read only values, Close-on-exec bit may be set on pipe and socket handles,
6368 Writing C<"$$1"> to mean C<"${$}1"> is unsupported, delete(), each(),
6369 values() and C<\(%h)>, vec(EXPR,OFFSET,BITS) enforces powers-of-two BITS,
6370 Text of some diagnostic output has changed, C<%@> has been removed,
6371 Parenthesized not() behaves like a list operator, Semantics of bareword
6372 prototype C<(*)> have changed, Semantics of bit operators may have changed
6373 on 64-bit platforms, More builtins taint their results
6375 =item C Source Incompatibilities
6377 C<PERL_POLLUTE>, C<PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT>, C<PERL_POLLUTE_MALLOC>
6379 =item Compatible C Source API Changes
6381 C<PATCHLEVEL> is now C<PERL_VERSION>
6383 =item Binary Incompatibilities
6387 =item Known Problems
6391 =item Localizing a tied hash element may leak memory
6393 =item Known test failures
6395 =item EBCDIC platforms not fully supported
6397 =item UNICOS/mk CC failures during Configure run
6399 =item Arrow operator and arrays
6401 =item Experimental features
6403 Threads, Unicode, 64-bit support, Lvalue subroutines, Weak references, The
6404 pseudo-hash data type, The Compiler suite, Internal implementation of file
6405 globbing, The DB module, The regular expression code constructs:
6409 =item Obsolete Diagnostics
6411 Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Ill-formed
6412 logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter, In string, @%s now must be written as
6413 \@%s, Probable precedence problem on %s, regexp too big, Use of "$$<digit>"
6414 to mean "${$}<digit>" is deprecated
6416 =item Reporting Bugs
6424 =head2 perl56delta - what's new for perl v5.6.0
6430 =item Core Enhancements
6434 =item Interpreter cloning, threads, and concurrency
6436 =item Lexically scoped warning categories
6438 =item Unicode and UTF-8 support
6440 =item Support for interpolating named characters
6442 =item "our" declarations
6444 =item Support for strings represented as a vector of ordinals
6446 =item Improved Perl version numbering system
6448 =item New syntax for declaring subroutine attributes
6450 =item File and directory handles can be autovivified
6452 =item open() with more than two arguments
6454 =item 64-bit support
6456 =item Large file support
6462 =item Enhanced support for sort() subroutines
6464 =item C<sort $coderef @foo> allowed
6466 =item File globbing implemented internally
6468 =item Support for CHECK blocks
6470 =item POSIX character class syntax [: :] supported
6472 =item Better pseudo-random number generator
6474 =item Improved C<qw//> operator
6476 =item Better worst-case behavior of hashes
6478 =item pack() format 'Z' supported
6480 =item pack() format modifier '!' supported
6482 =item pack() and unpack() support counted strings
6484 =item Comments in pack() templates
6486 =item Weak references
6488 =item Binary numbers supported
6490 =item Lvalue subroutines
6492 =item Some arrows may be omitted in calls through references
6494 =item Boolean assignment operators are legal lvalues
6496 =item exists() is supported on subroutine names
6498 =item exists() and delete() are supported on array elements
6500 =item Pseudo-hashes work better
6502 =item Automatic flushing of output buffers
6504 =item Better diagnostics on meaningless filehandle operations
6506 =item Where possible, buffered data discarded from duped input filehandle
6508 =item eof() has the same old magic as <>
6510 =item binmode() can be used to set :crlf and :raw modes
6512 =item C<-T> filetest recognizes UTF-8 encoded files as "text"
6514 =item system(), backticks and pipe open now reflect exec() failure
6516 =item Improved diagnostics
6518 =item Diagnostics follow STDERR
6520 =item More consistent close-on-exec behavior
6522 =item syswrite() ease-of-use
6524 =item Better syntax checks on parenthesized unary operators
6526 =item Bit operators support full native integer width
6528 =item Improved security features
6530 =item More functional bareword prototype (*)
6532 =item C<require> and C<do> may be overridden
6534 =item $^X variables may now have names longer than one character
6536 =item New variable $^C reflects C<-c> switch
6538 =item New variable $^V contains Perl version as a string
6540 =item Optional Y2K warnings
6542 =item Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings
6546 =item Modules and Pragmata
6552 attributes, B, Benchmark, ByteLoader, constant, charnames, Data::Dumper,
6553 DB, DB_File, Devel::DProf, Devel::Peek, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, English,
6554 Env, Fcntl, File::Compare, File::Find, File::Glob, File::Spec,
6555 File::Spec::Functions, Getopt::Long, IO, JPL, lib, Math::BigInt,
6556 Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Pod::Parser, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Checker,
6557 podchecker, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Find, Pod::Select, podselect, Pod::Usage,
6558 pod2usage, Pod::Text and Pod::Man, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Sys::Hostname,
6559 Term::ANSIColor, Time::Local, Win32, XSLoader, DBM Filters
6565 =item Utility Changes
6579 =item The Perl Debugger
6583 =item Improved Documentation
6585 perlapi.pod, perlboot.pod, perlcompile.pod, perldbmfilter.pod,
6586 perldebug.pod, perldebguts.pod, perlfork.pod, perlfilter.pod, perlhack.pod,
6587 perlintern.pod, perllexwarn.pod, perlnumber.pod, perlopentut.pod,
6588 perlreftut.pod, perltootc.pod, perltodo.pod, perlunicode.pod
6590 =item Performance enhancements
6594 =item Simple sort() using { $a <=> $b } and the like are optimized
6596 =item Optimized assignments to lexical variables
6598 =item Faster subroutine calls
6600 =item delete(), each(), values() and hash iteration are faster
6604 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
6608 =item -Dusethreads means something different
6610 =item New Configure flags
6612 =item Threadedness and 64-bitness now more daring
6618 =item -Duselargefiles
6620 =item installusrbinperl
6626 =item Enhanced Installation Directories
6630 =item Platform specific changes
6634 =item Supported platforms
6638 =item OS390 (OpenEdition MVS)
6646 =item Significant bug fixes
6650 =item <HANDLE> on empty files
6652 =item C<eval '...'> improvements
6654 =item All compilation errors are true errors
6656 =item Implicitly closed filehandles are safer
6658 =item Behavior of list slices is more consistent
6660 =item C<(\$)> prototype and C<$foo{a}>
6662 =item C<goto &sub> and AUTOLOAD
6664 =item C<-bareword> allowed under C<use integer>
6666 =item Failures in DESTROY()
6668 =item Locale bugs fixed
6672 =item Spurious subroutine stubs after failed subroutine calls
6674 =item Taint failures under C<-U>
6676 =item END blocks and the C<-c> switch
6678 =item Potential to leak DATA filehandles
6682 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
6684 "%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same %s, "my sub" not yet
6685 implemented, "our" variable %s redeclared, '!' allowed only after types %s,
6686 / cannot take a count, / must be followed by a, A or Z, / must be followed
6687 by a*, A* or Z*, / must follow a numeric type, /%s/: Unrecognized escape
6688 \\%c passed through, /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c in character class
6689 passed through, /%s/ should probably be written as "%s", %s() called too
6690 early to check prototype, %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element, %s
6691 argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or slice, %s argument is not a
6692 subroutine name, %s package attribute may clash with future reserved word:
6693 %s, (in cleanup) %s, <> should be quotes, Attempt to join self, Bad evalled
6694 substitution pattern, Bad realloc() ignored, Bareword found in conditional,
6695 Binary number > 0b11111111111111111111111111111111 non-portable, Bit vector
6696 size > 32 non-portable, Buffer overflow in prime_env_iter: %s, Can't check
6697 filesystem of script "%s", Can't declare class for non-scalar %s in "%s",
6698 Can't declare %s in "%s", Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default,
6699 Can't modify non-lvalue subroutine call, Can't read CRTL environ, Can't
6700 remove %s: %s, skipping file, Can't return %s from lvalue subroutine, Can't
6701 weaken a nonreference, Character class [:%s:] unknown, Character class
6702 syntax [%s] belongs inside character classes, Constant is not %s reference,
6703 constant(%s): %s, CORE::%s is not a keyword, defined(@array) is deprecated,
6704 defined(%hash) is deprecated, Did not produce a valid header, (Did you mean
6705 "local" instead of "our"?), Document contains no data, entering effective
6706 %s failed, false [] range "%s" in regexp, Filehandle %s opened only for
6707 output, flock() on closed filehandle %s, Global symbol "%s" requires
6708 explicit package name, Hexadecimal number > 0xffffffff non-portable,
6709 Ill-formed CRTL environ value "%s", Ill-formed message in prime_env_iter:
6710 |%s|, Illegal binary digit %s, Illegal binary digit %s ignored, Illegal
6711 number of bits in vec, Integer overflow in %s number, Invalid %s attribute:
6712 %s, Invalid %s attributes: %s, invalid [] range "%s" in regexp, Invalid
6713 separator character %s in attribute list, Invalid separator character %s in
6714 subroutine attribute list, leaving effective %s failed, Lvalue subs
6715 returning %s not implemented yet, Method %s not permitted, Missing
6716 %sbrace%s on \N{}, Missing command in piped open, Missing name in "my sub",
6717 No %s specified for -%c, No package name allowed for variable %s in "our",
6718 No space allowed after -%c, no UTC offset information; assuming local time
6719 is UTC, Octal number > 037777777777 non-portable, panic: del_backref,
6720 panic: kid popen errno read, panic: magic_killbackrefs, Parentheses missing
6721 around "%s" list, Possible unintended interpolation of %s in string,
6722 Possible Y2K bug: %s, pragma "attrs" is deprecated, use "sub NAME : ATTRS"
6723 instead, Premature end of script headers, Repeat count in pack overflows,
6724 Repeat count in unpack overflows, realloc() of freed memory ignored,
6725 Reference is already weak, setpgrp can't take arguments, Strange *+?{} on
6726 zero-length expression, switching effective %s is not implemented, This
6727 Perl can't reset CRTL environ elements (%s), This Perl can't set CRTL
6728 environ elements (%s=%s), Too late to run %s block, Unknown open() mode
6729 '%s', Unknown process %x sent message to prime_env_iter: %s, Unrecognized
6730 escape \\%c passed through, Unterminated attribute parameter in attribute
6731 list, Unterminated attribute list, Unterminated attribute parameter in
6732 subroutine attribute list, Unterminated subroutine attribute list, Value of
6733 CLI symbol "%s" too long, Version number must be a constant number
6737 =item Incompatible Changes
6741 =item Perl Source Incompatibilities
6743 CHECK is a new keyword, Treatment of list slices of undef has changed,
6744 Format of $English::PERL_VERSION is different, Literals of the form
6745 C<1.2.3> parse differently, Possibly changed pseudo-random number
6746 generator, Hashing function for hash keys has changed, C<undef> fails on
6747 read only values, Close-on-exec bit may be set on pipe and socket handles,
6748 Writing C<"$$1"> to mean C<"${$}1"> is unsupported, delete(), each(),
6749 values() and C<\(%h)>, vec(EXPR,OFFSET,BITS) enforces powers-of-two BITS,
6750 Text of some diagnostic output has changed, C<%@> has been removed,
6751 Parenthesized not() behaves like a list operator, Semantics of bareword
6752 prototype C<(*)> have changed, Semantics of bit operators may have changed
6753 on 64-bit platforms, More builtins taint their results
6755 =item C Source Incompatibilities
6757 C<PERL_POLLUTE>, C<PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT>, C<PERL_POLLUTE_MALLOC>
6759 =item Compatible C Source API Changes
6761 C<PATCHLEVEL> is now C<PERL_VERSION>
6763 =item Binary Incompatibilities
6767 =item Known Problems
6771 =item Thread test failures
6773 =item EBCDIC platforms not supported
6775 =item In 64-bit HP-UX the lib/io_multihomed test may hang
6777 =item NEXTSTEP 3.3 POSIX test failure
6779 =item Tru64 (aka Digital UNIX, aka DEC OSF/1) lib/sdbm test failure with
6782 =item UNICOS/mk CC failures during Configure run
6784 =item Arrow operator and arrays
6786 =item Experimental features
6788 Threads, Unicode, 64-bit support, Lvalue subroutines, Weak references, The
6789 pseudo-hash data type, The Compiler suite, Internal implementation of file
6790 globbing, The DB module, The regular expression code constructs:
6794 =item Obsolete Diagnostics
6796 Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Ill-formed
6797 logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter, In string, @%s now must be written as
6798 \@%s, Probable precedence problem on %s, regexp too big, Use of "$$<digit>"
6799 to mean "${$}<digit>" is deprecated
6801 =item Reporting Bugs
6809 =head2 perl5005delta - what's new for perl5.005
6815 =item About the new versioning system
6817 =item Incompatible Changes
6821 =item WARNING: This version is not binary compatible with Perl 5.004.
6823 =item Default installation structure has changed
6825 =item Perl Source Compatibility
6827 =item C Source Compatibility
6829 =item Binary Compatibility
6831 =item Security fixes may affect compatibility
6833 =item Relaxed new mandatory warnings introduced in 5.004
6847 =item Regular Expressions
6849 Many new and improved optimizations, Many bug fixes, New regular expression
6850 constructs, New operator for precompiled regular expressions, Other
6851 improvements, Incompatible changes
6853 =item Improved malloc()
6855 =item Quicksort is internally implemented
6857 =item Reliable signals
6859 =item Reliable stack pointers
6861 =item More generous treatment of carriage returns
6865 =item Better support for multiple interpreters
6867 =item Behavior of local() on array and hash elements is now well-defined
6869 =item C<%!> is transparently tied to the L<Errno> module
6871 =item Pseudo-hashes are supported
6873 =item C<EXPR foreach EXPR> is supported
6875 =item Keywords can be globally overridden
6877 =item C<$^E> is meaningful on Win32
6879 =item C<foreach (1..1000000)> optimized
6881 =item C<Foo::> can be used as implicitly quoted package name
6883 =item C<exists $Foo::{Bar::}> tests existence of a package
6885 =item Better locale support
6887 =item Experimental support for 64-bit platforms
6889 =item prototype() returns useful results on builtins
6891 =item Extended support for exception handling
6893 =item Re-blessing in DESTROY() supported for chaining DESTROY() methods
6895 =item All C<printf> format conversions are handled internally
6897 =item New C<INIT> keyword
6899 =item New C<lock> keyword
6901 =item New C<qr//> operator
6903 =item C<our> is now a reserved word
6905 =item Tied arrays are now fully supported
6907 =item Tied handles support is better
6909 =item 4th argument to substr
6911 =item Negative LENGTH argument to splice
6913 =item Magic lvalues are now more magical
6915 =item <> now reads in records
6919 =item Supported Platforms
6925 =item Changes in existing support
6929 =item Modules and Pragmata
6935 B, Data::Dumper, Dumpvalue, Errno, File::Spec, ExtUtils::Installed,
6936 ExtUtils::Packlist, Fatal, IPC::SysV, Test, Tie::Array, Tie::Handle,
6937 Thread, attrs, fields, re
6939 =item Changes in existing modules
6941 Benchmark, Carp, CGI, Fcntl, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, POSIX, DB_File,
6942 MakeMaker, CPAN, Cwd
6946 =item Utility Changes
6948 =item Documentation Changes
6950 =item New Diagnostics
6952 Ambiguous call resolved as CORE::%s(), qualify as such or use &, Bad index
6953 while coercing array into hash, Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent
6954 package, Can't call method "%s" on an undefined value, Can't check
6955 filesystem of script "%s" for nosuid, Can't coerce array into hash, Can't
6956 goto subroutine from an eval-string, Can't localize pseudo-hash element,
6957 Can't use %%! because Errno.pm is not available, Cannot find an opnumber
6958 for "%s", Character class syntax [. .] is reserved for future extensions,
6959 Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Character
6960 class syntax [= =] is reserved for future extensions, %s: Eval-group in
6961 insecure regular expression, %s: Eval-group not allowed, use re 'eval', %s:
6962 Eval-group not allowed at run time, Explicit blessing to '' (assuming
6963 package main), Illegal hex digit ignored, No such array field, No such
6964 field "%s" in variable %s of type %s, Out of memory during ridiculously
6965 large request, Range iterator outside integer range, Recursive inheritance
6966 detected while looking for method '%s' %s, Reference found where even-sized
6967 list expected, Undefined value assigned to typeglob, Use of reserved word
6968 "%s" is deprecated, perl: warning: Setting locale failed
6970 =item Obsolete Diagnostics
6972 Can't mktemp(), Can't write to temp file for B<-e>: %s, Cannot open
6973 temporary file, regexp too big
6975 =item Configuration Changes
6985 =head2 perl5004delta - what's new for perl5.004
6991 =item Supported Environments
6997 =item List assignment to %ENV works
6999 =item Change to "Can't locate Foo.pm in @INC" error
7001 =item Compilation option: Binary compatibility with 5.003
7003 =item $PERL5OPT environment variable
7005 =item Limitations on B<-M>, B<-m>, and B<-T> options
7007 =item More precise warnings
7009 =item Deprecated: Inherited C<AUTOLOAD> for non-methods
7011 =item Previously deprecated %OVERLOAD is no longer usable
7013 =item Subroutine arguments created only when they're modified
7015 =item Group vector changeable with C<$)>
7017 =item Fixed parsing of $$<digit>, &$<digit>, etc.
7019 =item Fixed localization of $<digit>, $&, etc.
7021 =item No resetting of $. on implicit close
7023 =item C<wantarray> may return undef
7025 =item C<eval EXPR> determines value of EXPR in scalar context
7027 =item Changes to tainting checks
7029 No glob() or <*>, No spawning if tainted $CDPATH, $ENV, $BASH_ENV, No
7030 spawning if tainted $TERM doesn't look like a terminal name
7032 =item New Opcode module and revised Safe module
7034 =item Embedding improvements
7036 =item Internal change: FileHandle class based on IO::* classes
7038 =item Internal change: PerlIO abstraction interface
7040 =item New and changed syntax
7044 =item New and changed builtin constants
7048 =item New and changed builtin variables
7052 =item New and changed builtin functions
7054 delete on slices, flock, printf and sprintf, keys as an lvalue, my() in
7055 Control Structures, pack() and unpack(), sysseek(), use VERSION, use Module
7056 VERSION LIST, prototype(FUNCTION), srand, $_ as Default, C<m//gc> does not
7057 reset search position on failure, C<m//x> ignores whitespace before ?*+{},
7058 nested C<sub{}> closures work now, formats work right on changing lexicals
7060 =item New builtin methods
7062 isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] )
7064 =item TIEHANDLE now supported
7066 TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this, LIST, READ this
7067 LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, DESTROY this
7069 =item Malloc enhancements
7071 -DPERL_EMERGENCY_SBRK, -DPACK_MALLOC, -DTWO_POT_OPTIMIZE
7073 =item Miscellaneous efficiency enhancements
7077 =item Support for More Operating Systems
7093 use autouse MODULE => qw(sub1 sub2 sub3), use blib, use blib 'dir', use
7094 constant NAME => VALUE, use locale, use ops, use vmsish
7100 =item Required Updates
7102 =item Installation directories
7104 =item Module information summary
7118 =item Object-oriented overrides for builtin operators
7122 =item Utility Changes
7128 Sends converted HTML to standard output
7132 C<void> XSUBs now default to returning nothing
7136 =item C Language API Changes
7138 C<gv_fetchmethod> and C<perl_call_sv>, C<perl_eval_pv>, Extended API for
7141 =item Documentation Changes
7143 L<perldelta>, L<perlfaq>, L<perllocale>, L<perltoot>, L<perlapio>,
7144 L<perlmodlib>, L<perldebug>, L<perlsec>
7146 =item New Diagnostics
7148 "my" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same scope, %s argument is
7149 not a HASH element or slice, Allocation too large: %lx, Allocation too
7150 large, Applying %s to %s will act on scalar(%s), Attempt to free
7151 nonexistent shared string, Attempt to use reference as lvalue in substr,
7152 Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent package, Can't redefine active sort
7153 subroutine %s, Can't use bareword ("%s") as %s ref while "strict refs" in
7154 use, Cannot resolve method `%s' overloading `%s' in package `%s', Constant
7155 subroutine %s redefined, Constant subroutine %s undefined, Copy method did
7156 not return a reference, Died, Exiting pseudo-block via %s, Identifier too
7157 long, Illegal character %s (carriage return), Illegal switch in PERL5OPT:
7158 %s, Integer overflow in hex number, Integer overflow in octal number,
7159 internal error: glob failed, Invalid conversion in %s: "%s", Invalid type
7160 in pack: '%s', Invalid type in unpack: '%s', Name "%s::%s" used only once:
7161 possible typo, Null picture in formline, Offset outside string, Out of
7162 memory!, Out of memory during request for %s, panic: frexp, Possible
7163 attempt to put comments in qw() list, Possible attempt to separate words
7164 with commas, Scalar value @%s{%s} better written as $%s{%s}, Stub found
7165 while resolving method `%s' overloading `%s' in %s, Too late for "B<-T>"
7166 option, untie attempted while %d inner references still exist, Unrecognized
7167 character %s, Unsupported function fork, Use of "$$<digit>" to mean
7168 "${$}<digit>" is deprecated, Value of %s can be "0"; test with defined(),
7169 Variable "%s" may be unavailable, Variable "%s" will not stay shared,
7170 Warning: something's wrong, Ill-formed logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter,
7171 Got an error from DosAllocMem, Malformed PERLLIB_PREFIX, PERL_SH_DIR too
7172 long, Process terminated by SIG%s
7182 =head2 perlartistic -- the Perl Artistic License
7190 =item The "Artistic License"
7198 "Package" refers to the collection of files distributed by the Copyright
7199 Holder, and derivatives of that collection of files created through textual
7200 modification, "Standard Version" refers to such a Package if it has not
7201 been modified, or has been modified in accordance with the wishes of the
7202 Copyright Holder as specified below, "Copyright Holder" is whoever is named
7203 in the copyright or copyrights for the package, "You" is you, if you're
7204 thinking about copying or distributing this Package, "Reasonable copying
7205 fee" is whatever you can justify on the basis of media cost, duplication
7206 charges, time of people involved, and so on. (You will not be required to
7207 justify it to the Copyright Holder, but only to the computing community at
7208 large as a market that must bear the fee.), "Freely Available" means that
7209 no fee is charged for the item itself, though there may be fees involved in
7210 handling the item. It also means that recipients of the item may
7211 redistribute it under the same conditions they received it
7219 =head2 perlgpl -- the GNU Public General Public License, version 2
7231 =item GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
7235 =head2 perlaix, README.aix - Perl version 5 on IBM Unix (AIX) systems
7243 =item Compiling Perl 5 on AIX
7247 =item Building Dynamic Extensions on AIX
7249 =item The IBM ANSI C Compiler
7251 =item Using GNU's gcc for building perl
7253 =item Using Large Files with Perl
7259 =item AIX 4.2 and extensions using C++ with statics
7269 =head2 perlapollo, README.apollo - Perl version 5 on Apollo DomainOS
7279 =head2 perlamiga - Perl under Amiga OS
7295 =item Prerequisites for Compiling Perl on AmigaOS
7297 B<Unix emulation for AmigaOS: ixemul.library>, B<Version of Amiga OS>
7299 =item Starting Perl programs under AmigaOS
7301 =item Shortcomings of Perl under AmigaOS
7307 =item Accessing documentation
7311 =item Manpages for Perl on AmigaOS
7313 =item Perl HTML Documentation on AmigaOS
7315 =item Perl GNU Info Files on AmigaOS
7317 =item Perl LaTeX Documentation on AmigaOS
7321 =item BUILDING PERL ON AMIGAOS
7325 =item Build Prerequisites for Perl on AmigaOS
7327 =item Getting the Perl Source for AmigaOS
7329 =item Making Perl on AmigaOS
7331 =item Testing Perl on AmigaOS
7333 =item Installing the built Perl on AmigaOS
7337 =item PERL 5.8.0 BROKEN IN AMIGAOS
7345 =head2 perlbeos, README.beos - Perl version 5 on BeOS
7353 =item General Issues with Perl on BeOS
7355 =item BeOS Release-specific Notes
7359 =item Contact Information
7361 =item Update 2002-05-30
7367 =head2 perlbs2000, README.BS2000 - building and installing Perl for BS2000.
7377 =item gzip on BS2000
7379 =item bison on BS2000
7381 =item Unpacking Perl Distribution on BS2000
7383 =item Compiling Perl on BS2000
7385 =item Testing Perl on BS2000
7387 =item Installing Perl on BS2000
7389 =item Using Perl in the Posix-Shell of BS2000
7391 =item Using Perl in "native" BS2000
7393 =item Floating point anomalies on BS2000
7423 Microsoft Embedded Visual Tools, Microsoft Visual C++, Rainer Keuchel's
7424 celib-sources, Rainer Keuchel's console-sources
7428 go to ./wince subdirectory, edit file compile.bat, run compile.bat, run
7433 =item Acknowledgements
7439 =head2 perlcygwin, README.cygwin - Perl for Cygwin
7445 =item PREREQUISITES FOR COMPILING PERL ON CYGWIN
7449 =item Cygwin = GNU+Cygnus+Windows (Don't leave UNIX without it)
7451 =item Cygwin Configuration
7453 C<PATH>, I<nroff>, Permissions
7457 =item CONFIGURE PERL ON CYGWIN
7461 =item Stripping Perl Binaries on Cygwin
7463 =item Optional Libraries for Perl on Cygwin
7465 C<-lcrypt>, C<-lgdbm> (C<use GDBM_File>), C<-ldb> (C<use DB_File>),
7466 C<-lcygipc> (C<use IPC::SysV>), C<-lutil>
7468 =item Configure-time Options for Perl on Cygwin
7470 C<-Uusedl>, C<-Uusemymalloc>, C<-Uuseperlio>, C<-Dusemultiplicity>,
7471 C<-Duse64bitint>, C<-Duselongdouble>, C<-Dusethreads>, C<-Duselargefiles>,
7474 =item Suspicious Warnings on Cygwin
7476 I<dlsym()>, Win9x and C<d_eofnblk>, Compiler/Preprocessor defines
7480 =item MAKE ON CYGWIN
7484 =item Warnings on Cygwin
7490 =item TEST ON CYGWIN
7494 =item File Permissions on Cygwin
7496 =item NDBM_File and ODBM_File do not work on FAT filesystems
7498 =item fork() failures in io_* tests
7500 =item Script Portability on Cygwin
7502 Pathnames, Text/Binary, F<.exe>, chown(), Miscellaneous
7506 =item INSTALL PERL ON CYGWIN
7508 =item MANIFEST ON CYGWIN
7510 Documentation, Build, Configure, Make, Install, Tests, Compiled Perl
7511 Source, Compiled Module Source, Perl Modules/Scripts
7513 =item BUGS ON CYGWIN
7521 =head2 perldgux - Perl under DG/UX.
7533 =item BUILDING PERL ON DG/UX
7537 =item Non-threaded Perl on DG/UX
7539 =item Threaded Perl on DG/UX
7541 =item Testing Perl on DG/UX
7543 =item Installing the built perl on DG/UX
7553 =head2 perldos - Perl under DOS, W31, W95.
7563 =item Prerequisites for Compiling Perl on DOS
7567 =item Shortcomings of Perl under DOS
7569 =item Building Perl on DOS
7571 =item Testing Perl on DOS
7573 =item Installation of Perl on DOS
7577 =item BUILDING AND INSTALLING MODULES ON DOS
7581 =item Building Prerequisites for Perl on DOS
7583 =item Unpacking CPAN Modules on DOS
7585 =item Building Non-XS Modules on DOS
7587 =item Building XS Modules on DOS
7597 =head2 perlepoc, README.epoc - Perl for EPOC
7605 =item INSTALLING PERL ON EPOC
7607 =item STARTING PERL ON EPOC
7611 =item Editors on Epoc
7613 =item Features of Perl on Epoc
7615 =item Restrictions of Perl on Epoc
7617 =item Compiling Perl 5 on the EPOC cross compiling environment
7621 =item SUPPORT STATUS OF PERL ON EPOC
7629 =head2 perlfreebsd, README.freebsd - Perl version 5 on FreeBSD systems
7637 =item FreeBSD core dumps from readdir_r with ithreads
7639 =item $^X doesn't always contain a full path in FreeBSD
7641 =item Perl will no longer be part of "base FreeBSD"
7649 =head2 perlhpux, README.hpux - Perl version 5 on Hewlett-Packard Unix
7658 =item Using perl as shipped with HP-UX
7660 =item Using perl from HP's porting centre
7662 =item Compiling Perl 5 on HP-UX
7674 =item Portability Between PA-RISC Versions
7676 =item Itanium Processor Family and HP-UX
7678 =item Building Dynamic Extensions on HP-UX
7680 =item The HP ANSI C Compiler
7682 =item The GNU C Compiler
7684 =item Using Large Files with Perl on HP-UX
7686 =item Threaded Perl on HP-UX
7688 =item 64-bit Perl on HP-UX
7690 =item Oracle on HP-UX
7692 =item GDBM and Threads on HP-UX
7694 =item NFS filesystems and utime(2) on HP-UX
7696 =item perl -P and // and HP-UX
7698 =item HP-UX Kernel Parameters (maxdsiz) for Compiling Perl
7702 =item nss_delete core dump from op/pwent or op/grent
7710 =head2 perlhurd, README.hurd - Perl version 5 on Hurd
7718 =item Known Problems with Perl on Hurd
7726 =head2 perlirix, README.irix - Perl version 5 on Irix systems
7734 =item Building 32-bit Perl in Irix
7736 =item Building 64-bit Perl in Irix
7738 =item About Compiler Versions of Irix
7740 =item Linker Problems in Irix
7742 =item Malloc in Irix
7744 =item Building with threads in Irix
7754 =head2 perlmachten, README.machten - Perl version 5 on Power MachTen
7763 =item Compiling Perl 5 on MachTen
7765 =item Failures during C<make test> on MachTen
7767 op/lexassign.t, pragma/warnings.t
7769 =item Building external modules on MachTen
7779 =head2 perlmacos, README.macos - Perl under Mac OS (Classic)
7793 =head2 perlmint, README.mint - Perl version 5 on Atari MiNT
7799 =item Known problems with Perl on MiNT
7805 =head2 perlmpeix, README.mpeix - Perl/iX for HP e3000 MPE
7813 =item Binary distribution from HP
7815 =item What's New in Perl for MPE/iX
7817 =item Welcome to Perl/iX
7819 =item System Requirements for Perl/iX
7821 =item How to Obtain Perl/iX
7823 =item Perl/iX Distribution Contents Highlights
7825 README, INSTALL, LIBSHP3K, PERL, .cpan/, lib/, man/,
7826 public_html/feedback.cgi, src/perl-5.6.0-mpe
7828 =item How to Compile Perl/iX
7832 =item Getting Started with Perl/iX
7834 =item MPE/iX Implementation Considerations
7836 =item Known Perl/iX Bugs Under Investigation
7838 =item Perl/iX To-Do List
7840 =item Perl/iX Change History
7856 SetNWBld.bat, Buildtype.bat
7868 =item Build new extensions
7870 =item Acknowledgements
7878 =head2 perlos2 - Perl under OS/2, DOS, Win0.3*, Win0.95 and WinNT.
7898 EMX, RSX, HPFS, pdksh
7900 =item Starting Perl programs under OS/2 (and DOS and...)
7902 =item Starting OS/2 (and DOS) programs under Perl
7906 =item Frequently asked questions
7910 =item "It does not work"
7912 =item I cannot run external programs
7914 =item I cannot embed perl into my program, or use F<perl.dll> from my
7917 Is your program EMX-compiled with C<-Zmt -Zcrtdll>?, Did you use
7920 =item C<``> and pipe-C<open> do not work under DOS.
7922 =item Cannot start C<find.exe "pattern" file>
7930 =item Automatic binary installation
7932 C<PERL_BADLANG>, C<PERL_BADFREE>, F<Config.pm>
7934 =item Manual binary installation
7936 Perl VIO and PM executables (dynamically linked), Perl_ VIO executable
7937 (statically linked), Executables for Perl utilities, Main Perl library,
7938 Additional Perl modules, Tools to compile Perl modules, Manpages for Perl
7939 and utilities, Manpages for Perl modules, Source for Perl documentation,
7940 Perl manual in F<.INF> format, Pdksh
7946 =item Accessing documentation
7950 =item OS/2 F<.INF> file
7958 =item GNU C<info> files
7970 =item The short story
7974 =item Getting perl source
7976 =item Application of the patches
7984 A lot of C<bad free>, Process terminated by SIGTERM/SIGINT, F<op/fs.t>,
7987 =item Installing the built perl
7989 =item C<a.out>-style build
7997 =item Some C</> became C<\> in pdksh.
7999 =item C<'errno'> - unresolved external
8001 =item Problems with tr or sed
8003 =item Some problem (forget which ;-)
8005 =item Library ... not found
8007 =item Segfault in make
8009 =item op/sprintf test failure
8013 =item Specific (mis)features of OS/2 port
8017 =item C<setpriority>, C<getpriority>
8021 =item C<extproc> on the first line
8023 =item Additional modules:
8025 =item Prebuilt methods:
8027 C<File::Copy::syscopy>, C<DynaLoader::mod2fname>, C<Cwd::current_drive()>,
8028 C<Cwd::sys_chdir(name)>, C<Cwd::change_drive(name)>,
8029 C<Cwd::sys_is_absolute(name)>, C<Cwd::sys_is_rooted(name)>,
8030 C<Cwd::sys_is_relative(name)>, C<Cwd::sys_cwd(name)>,
8031 C<Cwd::sys_abspath(name, dir)>, C<Cwd::extLibpath([type])>,
8032 C<Cwd::extLibpath_set( path [, type ] )>,
8033 C<OS2::Error(do_harderror,do_exception)>, C<OS2::Errors2Drive(drive)>,
8034 OS2::SysInfo(), OS2::BootDrive(), C<OS2::MorphPM(serve)>,
8035 C<OS2::UnMorphPM(serve)>, C<OS2::Serve_Messages(force)>,
8036 C<OS2::Process_Messages(force [, cnt])>, C<OS2::_control87(new,mask)>,
8037 OS2::get_control87(), C<OS2::set_control87_em(new=MCW_EM,mask=MCW_EM)>,
8038 C<OS2::DLLname([how [, \&xsub]])>
8040 =item Prebuilt variables:
8042 $OS2::emx_rev, $OS2::emx_env, $OS2::os_ver, $OS2::is_aout, $OS2::can_fork,
8049 C<popen>, C<tmpnam>, C<tmpfile>, C<ctermid>, C<stat>, C<mkdir>, C<rmdir>,
8052 =item Identifying DLLs
8054 =item Centralized management of resources
8056 C<HAB>, C<HMQ>, Treating errors reported by OS/2 API,
8057 C<CheckOSError(expr)>, C<CheckWinError(expr)>, C<SaveWinError(expr)>,
8058 C<SaveCroakWinError(expr,die,name1,name2)>, C<WinError_2_Perl_rc>,
8059 C<FillWinError>, C<FillOSError(rc)>, Loading DLLs and ordinals in DLLs
8073 =item F<perl___.exe>
8075 =item Why strange names?
8077 =item Why dynamic linking?
8079 =item Why chimera build?
8087 =item C<PERLLIB_PREFIX>
8089 =item C<PERL_BADLANG>
8091 =item C<PERL_BADFREE>
8093 =item C<PERL_SH_DIR>
8095 =item C<USE_PERL_FLOCK>
8097 =item C<TMP> or C<TEMP>
8105 =item Text-mode filehandles
8109 =item DLL name mangling: pre 5.6.2
8111 =item DLL name mangling: 5.6.2 and beyond
8113 Global DLLs, specific DLLs, C<BEGINLIBPATH> and C<ENDLIBPATH>, F<.> from
8116 =item DLL forwarder generation
8120 =item Calls to external programs
8122 =item Memory allocation
8126 C<COND_WAIT>, F<os2.c>
8142 =head2 perlos390, README.os390 - building and installing Perl for OS/390
8155 =item Unpacking Perl distribution on OS/390
8157 =item Setup and utilities for Perl on OS/390
8159 =item Configure Perl on OS/390
8161 =item Build, Test, Install Perl on OS/390
8163 =item Build Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
8165 =item Testing Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
8167 =item Installation Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
8169 =item Usage Hints for Perl on OS/390
8171 =item Floating Point Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
8173 =item Modules and Extensions for Perl on OS/390
8183 =item Mailing list for Perl on OS/390
8191 =head2 perlos400, README.os400 - Perl version 5 on OS/400
8199 =item Compiling Perl for OS/400 PASE
8201 =item Installing Perl in OS/400 PASE
8203 =item Using Perl in OS/400 PASE
8205 =item Known Problems
8215 =head2 perlqnx, README.qnx - Perl version 5 on QNX
8223 =item Required Software for Compiling Perl on QNX4
8225 /bin/sh, ar, nm, cpp, make
8227 =item Outstanding Issues with Perl on QNX4
8229 =item QNX auxiliary files
8233 =item Outstanding issues with perl under QNX6
8241 =head2 perlplan9 - Plan 9-specific documentation for Perl
8251 =item What's in Plan 9 Perl
8253 =item What's not in Plan 9 Perl
8255 =item Perl5 Functions not currently supported in Plan 9 Perl
8257 =item Signals in Plan 9 Perl
8261 =item COMPILING AND INSTALLING PERL ON PLAN 9
8265 =item Installing Perl Documentation on Plan 9
8277 =head2 perlsolaris, README.solaris - Perl version 5 on Solaris systems
8285 =item Solaris Version Numbers.
8291 Solaris FAQ, Precompiled Binaries, Solaris Documentation
8297 =item File Extraction Problems on Solaris.
8299 =item Compiler and Related Tools on Solaris.
8301 =item Environment for Compiling Perl on Solaris
8305 =item RUN CONFIGURE.
8309 =item 64-bit Issues with Perl on Solaris.
8311 =item Threads in Perl on Solaris.
8313 =item Malloc Issues with Perl on Solaris.
8317 =item MAKE PROBLEMS.
8319 Dynamic Loading Problems With GNU as and GNU ld, ld.so.1: ./perl: fatal:
8320 relocation error:, dlopen: stub interception failed, #error "No
8321 DATAMODEL_NATIVE specified", sh: ar: not found
8327 =item op/stat.t test 4 in Solaris
8329 =item nss_delete core dump from op/pwent or op/grent
8333 =item PREBUILT BINARIES OF PERL FOR SOLARIS.
8335 =item RUNTIME ISSUES FOR PERL ON SOLARIS.
8339 =item Limits on Numbers of Open Files on Solaris.
8343 =item SOLARIS-SPECIFIC MODULES.
8345 =item SOLARIS-SPECIFIC PROBLEMS WITH MODULES.
8349 =item Proc::ProcessTable on Solaris
8351 =item BSD::Resource on Solaris
8353 =item Net::SSLeay on Solaris
8363 =head2 perltru64, README.tru64 - Perl version 5 on Tru64 (formerly known as
8364 Digital UNIX formerly known as DEC OSF/1) systems
8372 =item Compiling Perl 5 on Tru64
8374 =item Using Large Files with Perl on Tru64
8376 =item Threaded Perl on Tru64
8378 =item Long Doubles on Tru64
8380 =item DB_File tests failing on Tru64
8382 =item 64-bit Perl on Tru64
8384 =item Warnings about floating-point overflow when compiling Perl on Tru64
8388 =item Testing Perl on Tru64
8390 =item ext/ODBM_File/odbm Test Failing With Static Builds
8392 =item Perl Fails Because Of Unresolved Symbol sockatmark
8398 =head2 perluts - Perl under UTS
8406 =item BUILDING PERL ON UTS
8408 =item Installing the built perl on UTS
8414 =head2 perlvmesa, README.vmesa - building and installing Perl for VM/ESA.
8424 =item Unpacking Perl Distribution on VM/ESA
8426 =item Setup Perl and utilities on VM/ESA
8428 =item Configure Perl on VM/ESA
8430 =item Testing Anomalies of Perl on VM/ESA
8432 =item Usage Hints for Perl on VM/ESA
8442 =item Mailing list for Perl on VM/ESA
8448 =head2 perlvms - VMS-specific documentation for Perl
8456 =item Organization of Perl Images
8462 =item Perl Extensions
8464 =item Installing static extensions
8466 =item Installing dynamic extensions
8470 =item File specifications
8476 =item Wildcard expansion
8482 =item PERL5LIB and PERLLIB
8488 =item I/O redirection and backgrounding
8490 =item Command line switches
8496 =item Perl functions
8498 File tests, backticks, binmode FILEHANDLE, crypt PLAINTEXT, USER, dump,
8499 exec LIST, fork, getpwent, getpwnam, getpwuid, gmtime, kill, qx//, select
8500 (system call), stat EXPR, system LIST, time, times, unlink LIST, utime
8501 LIST, waitpid PID,FLAGS
8503 =item Perl variables
8505 %ENV, CRTL_ENV, CLISYM_[LOCAL], Any other string, $!, $^E, $?, $|
8507 =item Standard modules with VMS-specific differences
8521 =head2 perlvos, README.vos - Perl for Stratus VOS
8527 =item BUILDING PERL FOR VOS
8529 =item INSTALLING PERL IN VOS
8531 =item USING PERL IN VOS
8535 =item Restrictions of Perl on VOS
8537 =item Handling of underflow and overflow
8543 =item SUPPORT STATUS
8551 =head2 perlwin32 - Perl under Windows
8561 =item Setting Up Perl on Win32
8563 Make, Command Shell, Borland C++, Microsoft Visual C++, Microsoft Platform
8564 SDK 64-bit Compiler, MinGW32 with gcc, MinGW release 1
8568 =item Testing Perl on Win32
8570 =item Installation of Perl on Win32
8572 =item Usage Hints for Perl on Win32
8574 Environment Variables, File Globbing, Using perl from the command line,
8575 Building Extensions, Command-line Wildcard Expansion, Win32 Specific
8576 Extensions, Notes on 64-bit Windows
8578 =item Running Perl Scripts
8580 Miscellaneous Things
8584 =item BUGS AND CAVEATS
8588 Gary Ng E<lt>71564.1743@CompuServe.COME<gt>, Gurusamy Sarathy
8589 E<lt>gsar@activestate.comE<gt>, Nick Ing-Simmons
8590 E<lt>nick@ing-simmons.netE<gt>
8598 =head1 PRAGMA DOCUMENTATION
8600 =head2 attrs - set/get attributes of a subroutine (deprecated)
8612 =head2 re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour
8622 =head2 threadshared::shared, threads::shared - Perl extension for sharing
8623 data structures between threads
8635 share VARIABLE, lock VARIABLE, cond_wait VARIABLE, cond_signal VARIABLE,
8636 cond_broadcast VARIABLE
8648 =head2 threads - Perl extension allowing use of interpreter based threads
8657 $thread = threads->create(function, LIST), $thread->join, $thread->detach,
8658 threads->self, $thread->tid, threads->object( tid ), threads->yield();,
8659 threads->list();, async BLOCK;
8663 A thread exited while %d other threads were still running
8669 Parent-Child threads, Returning objects, Creating threads inside BEGIN
8670 blocks, PERL_OLD_SIGNALS are not threadsafe, will not be
8672 =item AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT
8678 =head2 assertions - selects assertions
8698 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
8702 =head2 assertions::activate - assertions activation
8722 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
8726 =head2 attributes - get/set subroutine or variable attributes
8736 =item Built-in Attributes
8738 locked, method, lvalue
8740 =item Available Subroutines
8744 =item Package-specific Attribute Handling
8746 FETCH_I<type>_ATTRIBUTES, MODIFY_I<type>_ATTRIBUTES
8748 =item Syntax of Attribute Lists
8756 =item Default exports
8758 =item Available exports
8760 =item Export tags defined
8770 =head2 attrs - set/get attributes of a subroutine (deprecated)
8782 =head2 autouse - postpone load of modules until a function is used
8798 =head2 base - Establish IS-A relationship with base class at compile time
8812 =head2 bigint - Transparent BigInteger support for Perl
8824 a or accuracy, p or precision, t or trace, l or lib, v or version
8828 =item INTERNAL FORMAT
8848 =head2 bignum - Transparent BigNumber support for Perl
8860 a or accuracy, p or precision, t or trace, l or lib, v or version
8864 inf(), NaN(), upgrade()
8868 =item INTERNAL FORMAT
8886 =head2 bigrat - Transparent BigNumber/BigRationale support for Perl
8908 perl -Mbigrat -le 'print sqrt(33)'
8909 perl -Mbigrat -le 'print 2*255'
8910 perl -Mbigrat -le 'print 4.5+2*255'
8911 perl -Mbigrat -le 'print 3/7 + 5/7 + 8/3'
8912 perl -Mbigrat -le 'print 12->is_odd()';
8922 =head2 blib - Use MakeMaker's uninstalled version of a package
8936 =head2 bytes - Perl pragma to force byte semantics rather than character
8949 =head2 charnames - define character names for C<\N{named}> string literal
8958 =item CUSTOM TRANSLATORS
8960 =item CUSTOM ALIASES
8964 =item Anonymous hashes
8968 =item Alias shortcut
8972 =item charnames::viacode(code)
8974 =item charnames::vianame(name)
8978 =item ILLEGAL CHARACTERS
8984 =head2 constant - Perl pragma to declare constants
8996 =item List constants
8998 =item Defining multiple constants at once
9000 =item Magic constants
9004 =item TECHNICAL NOTES
9014 =head2 diagnostics - Perl compiler pragma to force verbose warning
9025 =item The C<diagnostics> Pragma
9027 =item The I<splain> Program
9041 =head2 encoding - allows you to write your script in non-ascii or non-utf8
9051 =item Literal Conversions
9053 =item PerlIO layers for C<STD(IN|OUT)>
9057 =item FEATURES THAT REQUIRE 5.8.1
9059 "NON-EUC" doublebyte encodings, tr//, DATA pseudo-filehandle
9063 use encoding [I<ENCNAME>] ;, use encoding I<ENCNAME> [ STDIN =E<gt>
9064 I<ENCNAME_IN> ...] ;, use encoding I<ENCNAME> Filter=E<gt>1;, no encoding;
9066 =item The Filter Option
9070 =item Filter-related changes at Encode version 1.87
9080 =item DO NOT MIX MULTIPLE ENCODINGS
9082 =item tr/// with ranges
9084 Legend of characters above
9088 =item EXAMPLE - Greekperl
9090 =item KNOWN PROBLEMS
9092 literals in regex that are longer than 127 bytes, EBCDIC, format
9100 =head2 fields - compile-time class fields
9114 =head2 filetest - Perl pragma to control the filetest permission operators
9124 =item subpragma access
9130 =head2 if - C<use> a Perl module if a condition holds
9144 =head2 integer - Perl pragma to use integer arithmetic instead of floating
9155 =head2 less - perl pragma to request less of something from the compiler
9165 =head2 lib - manipulate @INC at compile time
9175 =item Adding directories to @INC
9177 =item Deleting directories from @INC
9179 =item Restoring original @INC
9193 =head2 locale - Perl pragma to use and avoid POSIX locales for built-in
9204 =head2 open - perl pragma to set default PerlIO layers for input and output
9212 =item NONPERLIO FUNCTIONALITY
9214 =item IMPLEMENTATION DETAILS
9220 =head2 ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when compiling
9232 =head2 overload - Package for overloading perl operations
9242 =item Declaration of overloaded functions
9244 =item Calling Conventions for Binary Operations
9246 FALSE, TRUE, C<undef>
9248 =item Calling Conventions for Unary Operations
9250 =item Calling Conventions for Mutators
9252 C<++> and C<-->, C<x=> and other assignment versions
9254 =item Overloadable Operations
9256 I<Arithmetic operations>, I<Comparison operations>, I<Bit operations>,
9257 I<Increment and decrement>, I<Transcendental functions>, I<Boolean, string
9258 and numeric conversion>, I<Iteration>, I<Dereferencing>, I<Special>
9260 =item Inheritance and overloading
9262 Strings as values of C<use overload> directive, Overloading of an operation
9263 is inherited by derived classes
9267 =item SPECIAL SYMBOLS FOR C<use overload>
9275 C<undef>, TRUE, defined, but FALSE
9277 =item Copy Constructor
9283 =item MAGIC AUTOGENERATION
9285 I<Assignment forms of arithmetic operations>, I<Conversion operations>,
9286 I<Increment and decrement>, C<abs($a)>, I<Unary minus>, I<Negation>,
9287 I<Concatenation>, I<Comparison operations>, I<Iterator>, I<Dereferencing>,
9290 =item Losing overloading
9292 =item Run-time Overloading
9294 =item Public functions
9296 overload::StrVal(arg), overload::Overloaded(arg), overload::Method(obj,op)
9298 =item Overloading constants
9300 integer, float, binary, q, qr
9302 =item IMPLEMENTATION
9304 =item Metaphor clash
9310 =item Two-face scalars
9312 =item Two-face references
9314 =item Symbolic calculator
9316 =item I<Really> symbolic calculator
9324 Odd number of arguments for overload::constant, `%s' is not an overloadable
9325 type, `%s' is not a code reference
9331 =head2 re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour
9341 =head2 sigtrap - Perl pragma to enable simple signal handling
9353 =item SIGNAL HANDLERS
9355 B<stack-trace>, B<die>, B<handler> I<your-handler>
9359 B<normal-signals>, B<error-signals>, B<old-interface-signals>
9363 B<untrapped>, B<any>, I<signal>, I<number>
9371 =head2 sort - perl pragma to control sort() behaviour
9383 =head2 strict - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe constructs
9391 C<strict refs>, C<strict vars>, C<strict subs>
9395 =head2 subs - Perl pragma to predeclare sub names
9405 =head2 threads - Perl extension allowing use of interpreter based threads
9414 $thread = threads->create(function, LIST), $thread->join, $thread->detach,
9415 threads->self, $thread->tid, threads->object( tid ), threads->yield();,
9416 threads->list();, async BLOCK;
9420 A thread exited while %d other threads were still running
9426 Parent-Child threads, Returning objects, Creating threads inside BEGIN
9427 blocks, PERL_OLD_SIGNALS are not threadsafe, will not be
9429 =item AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT
9435 =head2 threadshared, threads::shared - Perl extension for sharing data
9436 structures between threads
9448 share VARIABLE, lock VARIABLE, cond_wait VARIABLE, cond_signal VARIABLE,
9449 cond_broadcast VARIABLE
9461 =head2 utf8 - Perl pragma to enable/disable UTF-8 (or UTF-EBCDIC) in source
9472 =item Utility functions
9474 $num_octets = utf8::upgrade($string);, utf8::downgrade($string[, FAIL_OK]),
9475 utf8::encode($string), $flag = utf8::decode($string), $flag =
9486 =head2 vars - Perl pragma to predeclare global variable names (obsolete)
9496 =head2 version - Perl extension for Version Objects
9506 =item What IS a version
9508 Numeric Versions - any initial parameter which "looks like a number", see
9509 L<Numeric Versions>, V-String Versions - any initial parameter which
9510 contains more than one decimal point, contains an embedded underscore, or
9511 has a leading 'v' see L<V-String Versions>
9513 =item Numeric Versions
9515 =item V-String Versions
9517 =item Object Methods
9519 New Operator - Like all OO interfaces, the new() operator is used to
9520 initialize version objects. One way to increment versions when programming
9521 is to use the CVS variable $Revision, which is automatically incremented by
9522 CVS every time the file is committed to the repository, Stringification -
9523 Any time a version object is used as a string, a stringified representation
9524 is returned in reduced form (no extraneous zeros):, Numification - although
9525 all mathematical operations on version objects are forbidden by default, it
9526 is possible to retrieve a number which roughly corresponds to the version
9527 object through the use of the $obj->numify method. For formatting
9528 purposes, when displaying a number which corresponds a version object, all
9529 sub versions are assumed to have three decimal places. So for example:,
9530 Comparison operators - Both cmp and <=> operators perform the same
9531 comparison between terms (upgrading to a version object automatically).
9532 Perl automatically generates all of the other comparison operators based on
9533 those two. In addition to the obvious equalities listed below, appending a
9534 single trailing 0 term does not change the value of a version for
9535 comparison purposes. In other words "v1.2" and "v1.2.0" are identical
9540 =item Types of Versions Objects
9542 Ordinary versions - These are the versions that normal modules will use.
9543 Can contain as many subversions as required. In particular, those using
9544 RCS/CVS can use one of the following:, Beta versions - For module authors
9545 using CPAN, the convention has been to note unstable releases with an
9546 underscore in the version string, see L<CPAN>. Beta releases will test as
9547 being newer than the more recent stable release, and less than the next
9548 stable release. For example:
9550 =item Replacement UNIVERSAL::VERSION
9562 =head2 vmsish - Perl pragma to control VMS-specific language features
9570 C<vmsish status>, C<vmsish exit>, C<vmsish time>, C<vmsish hushed>
9574 =head2 warnings - Perl pragma to control optional warnings
9582 use warnings::register, warnings::enabled(), warnings::enabled($category),
9583 warnings::enabled($object), warnings::warn($message),
9584 warnings::warn($category, $message), warnings::warn($object, $message),
9585 warnings::warnif($message), warnings::warnif($category, $message),
9586 warnings::warnif($object, $message)
9590 =head2 warnings::register - warnings import function
9600 =head1 MODULE DOCUMENTATION
9602 =head2 AnyDBM_File - provide framework for multiple DBMs
9612 =item DBM Comparisons
9622 =head2 Attribute::Handlers - Simpler definition of attribute handlers
9632 [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5]
9636 =item Typed lexicals
9638 =item Type-specific attribute handlers
9640 =item Non-interpretive attribute handlers
9642 =item Phase-specific attribute handlers
9644 =item Attributes as C<tie> interfaces
9652 C<Bad attribute type: ATTR(%s)>, C<Attribute handler %s doesn't handle %s
9653 attributes>, C<Declaration of %s attribute in package %s may clash with
9654 future reserved word>, C<Can't have two ATTR specifiers on one subroutine>,
9655 C<Can't autotie a %s>, C<Internal error: %s symbol went missing>, C<Won't
9656 be able to apply END handler>
9666 =head2 AutoLoader - load subroutines only on demand
9676 =item Subroutine Stubs
9678 =item Using B<AutoLoader>'s AUTOLOAD Subroutine
9680 =item Overriding B<AutoLoader>'s AUTOLOAD Subroutine
9682 =item Package Lexicals
9684 =item Not Using AutoLoader
9686 =item B<AutoLoader> vs. B<SelfLoader>
9696 =head2 AutoSplit - split a package for autoloading
9704 $keep, $check, $modtime
9708 =item Multiple packages
9716 =head2 B - The Perl Compiler
9726 =item Utility Functions
9730 =item Functions Returning C<B::SV>, C<B::AV>, C<B::HV>, and C<B::CV>
9733 sv_undef, sv_yes, sv_no, svref_2object(SVREF), amagic_generation,
9734 C<init_av>, check_av, begin_av, end_av, comppadlist, regex_padav,
9737 =item Functions for Examining the Symbol Table
9739 walksymtable(SYMREF, METHOD, RECURSE, PREFIX)
9741 =item Functions Returning C<B::OP> objects or for walking op trees
9743 main_root, main_start, walkoptree(OP, METHOD), walkoptree_debug(DEBUG)
9745 =item Miscellaneous Utility Functions
9747 ppname(OPNUM), hash(STR), cast_I32(I), minus_c, cstring(STR),
9748 perlstring(STR), class(OBJ), threadsv_names
9752 =item OVERVIEW OF CLASSES
9756 =item SV-RELATED CLASSES
9764 IV, IVX, UVX, int_value, needs64bits, packiv
9778 =item B::PVMG Methods
9782 =item B::MAGIC Methods
9784 MOREMAGIC, precomp, PRIVATE, TYPE, FLAGS, OBJ, PTR, REGEX
9786 =item B::PVLV Methods
9788 TARGOFF, TARGLEN, TYPE, TARG
9792 USEFUL, PREVIOUS, RARE, TABLE
9796 is_empty, NAME, SAFENAME, STASH, SV, IO, FORM, AV, HV, EGV, CV, CVGEN,
9797 LINE, FILE, FILEGV, GvREFCNT, FLAGS
9801 LINES, PAGE, PAGE_LEN, LINES_LEFT, TOP_NAME, TOP_GV, FMT_NAME, FMT_GV,
9802 BOTTOM_NAME, BOTTOM_GV, SUBPROCESS, IoTYPE, IoFLAGS, IsSTD
9806 FILL, MAX, OFF, ARRAY, AvFLAGS
9810 STASH, START, ROOT, GV, FILE, DEPTH, PADLIST, OUTSIDE, OUTSIDE_SEQ, XSUB,
9811 XSUBANY, CvFLAGS, const_sv
9815 FILL, MAX, KEYS, RITER, NAME, PMROOT, ARRAY
9817 =item OP-RELATED CLASSES
9821 next, sibling, name, ppaddr, desc, targ, type, seq, flags, private
9823 =item B::UNOP METHOD
9827 =item B::BINOP METHOD
9831 =item B::LOGOP METHOD
9835 =item B::LISTOP METHOD
9839 =item B::PMOP Methods
9841 pmreplroot, pmreplstart, pmnext, pmregexp, pmflags, pmdynflags,
9842 pmpermflags, precomp, pmoffet
9844 =item B::SVOP METHOD
9848 =item B::PADOP METHOD
9852 =item B::PVOP METHOD
9856 =item B::LOOP Methods
9858 redoop, nextop, lastop
9860 =item B::COP Methods
9862 label, stash, stashpv, file, cop_seq, arybase, line, warnings, io
9870 =head2 B::Asmdata - Autogenerated data about Perl ops, used to generate
9879 %insn_data, @insn_name, @optype, @specialsv_name
9885 =head2 B::Assembler - Assemble Perl bytecode
9897 =head2 B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks
9917 =head2 B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend
9927 B<-ofilename>, B<-afilename>, B<-->, B<-f>, B<-fcompress-nullops>,
9928 B<-fomit-sequence-numbers>, B<-fbypass-nullops>, B<-On>, B<-D>, B<-Do>,
9929 B<-Db>, B<-Da>, B<-DC>, B<-S>, B<-upackage>
9939 =head2 B::C - Perl compiler's C backend
9949 B<-ofilename>, B<-v>, B<-->, B<-uPackname>, B<-D>, B<-Do>, B<-Dc>, B<-DA>,
9950 B<-DC>, B<-DM>, B<-f>, B<-fcog>, B<-fsave-data>, B<-fppaddr>, B<-fwarn-sv>,
9951 B<-fuse-script-name>, B<-fsave-sig-hash>, B<-On>, B<-O0>, B<-O1>, B<-O2>,
9962 =head2 B::CC - Perl compiler's optimized C translation backend
9972 B<-ofilename>, B<-v>, B<-->, B<-uPackname>, B<-mModulename>, B<-D>, B<-Dr>,
9973 B<-DO>, B<-Ds>, B<-Dp>, B<-Dq>, B<-Dl>, B<-Dt>, B<-f>,
9974 B<-ffreetmps-each-bblock>, B<-ffreetmps-each-loop>, B<-fomit-taint>, B<-On>
9986 =item Context of ".."
9990 =item Deprecated features
9998 =head2 B::Concise - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing concise info about ops
10010 B<-basic>, B<-exec>, B<-tree>, B<-compact>, B<-loose>, B<-vt>, B<-ascii>,
10011 B<-main>, B<-base>I<n>, B<-bigendian>, B<-littleendian>, B<-concise>,
10012 B<-terse>, B<-linenoise>, B<-debug>, B<-env>
10014 =item FORMATTING SPECIFICATIONS
10016 B<(x(>I<exec_text>B<;>I<basic_text>B<)x)>, B<(*(>I<text>B<)*)>,
10017 B<(*(>I<text1>B<;>I<text2>B<)*)>, B<(?(>I<text1>B<#>I<var>I<Text2>B<)?)>,
10018 B<#>I<var>, B<#>I<var>I<N>, B<~>, B<#addr>, B<#arg>, B<#class>,
10019 B<#classsym>, B<#coplabel>, B<#exname>, B<#extarg>, B<#firstaddr>,
10020 B<#flags>, B<#flagval>, B<#hyphseq>, B<#label>, B<#lastaddr>, B<#name>,
10021 B<#NAME>, B<#next>, B<#nextaddr>, B<#noise>, B<#private>, B<#privval>,
10022 B<#seq>, B<#seqnum>, B<#sibaddr>, B<#svaddr>, B<#svclass>, B<#svval>,
10023 B<#targ>, B<#targarg>, B<#targarglife>, B<#typenum>
10025 =item ABBREVIATIONS
10029 =item OP flags abbreviations
10031 =item OP class abbreviations
10035 =item Using B::Concise outside of the O framework
10041 =head2 B::Debug - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing debug info about ops
10053 =head2 B::Deparse - Perl compiler backend to produce perl code
10063 B<-l>, B<-p>, B<-P>, B<-q>, B<-f>I<FILE>, B<-s>I<LETTERS>, B<C>,
10064 B<i>I<NUMBER>, B<T>, B<v>I<STRING>B<.>, B<-x>I<LEVEL>
10066 =item USING B::Deparse AS A MODULE
10076 =item ambient_pragmas
10078 strict, $[, bytes, utf8, integer, re, warnings, hint_bits, warning_bits
10090 =head2 B::Disassembler - Disassemble Perl bytecode
10102 =head2 B::Lint - Perl lint
10110 =item OPTIONS AND LINT CHECKS
10112 B<context>, B<implicit-read> and B<implicit-write>, B<bare-subs>,
10113 B<dollar-underscore>, B<private-names>, B<undefined-subs>,
10114 B<regexp-variables>, B<all>, B<none>
10116 =item NON LINT-CHECK OPTIONS
10126 =head2 B::O, O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends
10136 =item IMPLEMENTATION
10144 =head2 B::Showlex - Show lexical variables used in functions or files
10156 =head2 B::Stackobj - Helper module for CC backend
10168 =head2 B::Stash - show what stashes are loaded
10170 =head2 B::Terse - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing terse info about ops
10182 =head2 B::Xref - Generates cross reference reports for Perl programs
10192 C<-oFILENAME>, C<-r>, C<-d>, C<-D[tO]>
10200 =head2 Bblock, B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks
10220 =head2 Benchmark - benchmark running times of Perl code
10234 =item Standard Exports
10236 timeit(COUNT, CODE), timethis ( COUNT, CODE, [ TITLE, [ STYLE ]] ),
10237 timethese ( COUNT, CODEHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), timediff ( T1, T2 ), timestr (
10238 TIMEDIFF, [ STYLE, [ FORMAT ] ] )
10240 =item Optional Exports
10242 clearcache ( COUNT ), clearallcache ( ), cmpthese ( COUNT, CODEHASHREF, [
10243 STYLE ] ), cmpthese ( RESULTSHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), countit(TIME, CODE),
10244 disablecache ( ), enablecache ( ), timesum ( T1, T2 )
10246 =item :hireswallclock
10262 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
10266 =head2 ByteLoader - load byte compiled perl code
10280 =head2 Bytecode, B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend
10290 B<-ofilename>, B<-afilename>, B<-->, B<-f>, B<-fcompress-nullops>,
10291 B<-fomit-sequence-numbers>, B<-fbypass-nullops>, B<-On>, B<-D>, B<-Do>,
10292 B<-Db>, B<-Da>, B<-DC>, B<-S>, B<-upackage>
10302 =head2 CGI - Simple Common Gateway Interface Class
10314 =item PROGRAMMING STYLE
10316 =item CALLING CGI.PM ROUTINES
10318 =item CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT (OBJECT-ORIENTED STYLE):
10320 =item CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT FROM AN INPUT FILE
10322 =item FETCHING A LIST OF KEYWORDS FROM THE QUERY:
10324 =item FETCHING THE NAMES OF ALL THE PARAMETERS PASSED TO YOUR SCRIPT:
10326 =item FETCHING THE VALUE OR VALUES OF A SINGLE NAMED PARAMETER:
10328 =item SETTING THE VALUE(S) OF A NAMED PARAMETER:
10330 =item APPENDING ADDITIONAL VALUES TO A NAMED PARAMETER:
10332 =item IMPORTING ALL PARAMETERS INTO A NAMESPACE:
10334 =item DELETING A PARAMETER COMPLETELY:
10336 =item DELETING ALL PARAMETERS:
10338 =item DIRECT ACCESS TO THE PARAMETER LIST:
10340 =item FETCHING THE PARAMETER LIST AS A HASH:
10342 =item SAVING THE STATE OF THE SCRIPT TO A FILE:
10344 =item RETRIEVING CGI ERRORS
10346 =item USING THE FUNCTION-ORIENTED INTERFACE
10348 B<:cgi>, B<:form>, B<:html2>, B<:html3>, B<:html4>, B<:netscape>, B<:html>,
10349 B<:standard>, B<:all>
10353 -any, -compile, -nosticky, -no_undef_params, -no_xhtml, -nph,
10354 -newstyle_urls, -oldstyle_urls, -autoload, -no_debug, -debug,
10357 =item SPECIAL FORMS FOR IMPORTING HTML-TAG FUNCTIONS
10359 1. start_table() (generates a <table> tag), 2. end_table() (generates a
10360 </table> tag), 3. start_ul() (generates a <ul> tag), 4. end_ul() (generates
10365 =item GENERATING DYNAMIC DOCUMENTS
10369 =item CREATING A STANDARD HTTP HEADER:
10371 =item GENERATING A REDIRECTION HEADER
10373 =item CREATING THE HTML DOCUMENT HEADER
10375 B<Parameters:>, 4, 5, 6..
10377 =item ENDING THE HTML DOCUMENT:
10379 =item CREATING A SELF-REFERENCING URL THAT PRESERVES STATE INFORMATION:
10381 =item OBTAINING THE SCRIPT'S URL
10383 B<-absolute>, B<-relative>, B<-full>, B<-path> (B<-path_info>), B<-query>
10384 (B<-query_string>), B<-base>
10386 =item MIXING POST AND URL PARAMETERS
10390 =item CREATING STANDARD HTML ELEMENTS:
10394 =item PROVIDING ARGUMENTS TO HTML SHORTCUTS
10396 =item THE DISTRIBUTIVE PROPERTY OF HTML SHORTCUTS
10398 =item HTML SHORTCUTS AND LIST INTERPOLATION
10400 =item NON-STANDARD HTML SHORTCUTS
10402 =item AUTOESCAPING HTML
10404 $escaped_string = escapeHTML("unescaped string");, $charset =
10405 charset([$charset]);, $flag = autoEscape([$flag]);
10407 =item PRETTY-PRINTING HTML
10411 =item CREATING FILL-OUT FORMS:
10415 =item CREATING AN ISINDEX TAG
10417 =item STARTING AND ENDING A FORM
10419 B<application/x-www-form-urlencoded>, B<multipart/form-data>
10421 =item CREATING A TEXT FIELD
10425 =item CREATING A BIG TEXT FIELD
10427 =item CREATING A PASSWORD FIELD
10429 =item CREATING A FILE UPLOAD FIELD
10433 =item CREATING A POPUP MENU
10435 =item CREATING AN OPTION GROUP
10437 =item CREATING A SCROLLING LIST
10441 =item CREATING A GROUP OF RELATED CHECKBOXES
10445 =item CREATING A STANDALONE CHECKBOX
10449 =item CREATING A RADIO BUTTON GROUP
10453 =item CREATING A SUBMIT BUTTON
10457 =item CREATING A RESET BUTTON
10459 =item CREATING A DEFAULT BUTTON
10461 =item CREATING A HIDDEN FIELD
10465 =item CREATING A CLICKABLE IMAGE BUTTON
10469 =item CREATING A JAVASCRIPT ACTION BUTTON
10475 1. an expiration time, 2. a domain, 3. a path, 4. a "secure" flag,
10476 B<-name>, B<-value>, B<-path>, B<-domain>, B<-expires>, B<-secure>
10478 =item WORKING WITH FRAMES
10480 1. Create a <Frameset> document, 2. Specify the destination for the
10481 document in the HTTP header, 3. Specify the destination for the document in
10484 =item LIMITED SUPPORT FOR CASCADING STYLE SHEETS
10490 =item DUMPING OUT ALL THE NAME/VALUE PAIRS
10494 =item FETCHING ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
10496 B<Accept()>, B<raw_cookie()>, B<user_agent()>, B<path_info()>,
10497 B<path_translated()>, B<remote_host()>, B<script_name()>, B<referer()>,
10498 B<auth_type ()>, B<server_name ()>, B<virtual_host ()>, B<server_port ()>,
10499 B<server_software ()>, B<remote_user ()>, B<user_name ()>,
10500 B<request_method()>, B<content_type()>, B<http()>, B<https()>
10502 =item USING NPH SCRIPTS
10504 In the B<use> statement, By calling the B<nph()> method:, By using B<-nph>
10509 multipart_init(), multipart_start(), multipart_end(), multipart_final()
10511 =item Avoiding Denial of Service Attacks
10513 B<$CGI::POST_MAX>, B<$CGI::DISABLE_UPLOADS>, B<1. On a script-by-script
10514 basis>, B<2. Globally for all scripts>
10516 =item COMPATIBILITY WITH CGI-LIB.PL
10518 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
10522 Matt Heffron (heffron@falstaff.css.beckman.com), James Taylor
10523 (james.taylor@srs.gov), Scott Anguish <sanguish@digifix.com>, Mike Jewell
10524 (mlj3u@virginia.edu), Timothy Shimmin (tes@kbs.citri.edu.au), Joergen Haegg
10525 (jh@axis.se), Laurent Delfosse (delfosse@delfosse.com), Richard Resnick
10526 (applepi1@aol.com), Craig Bishop (csb@barwonwater.vic.gov.au), Tony Curtis
10527 (tc@vcpc.univie.ac.at), Tim Bunce (Tim.Bunce@ig.co.uk), Tom Christiansen
10528 (tchrist@convex.com), Andreas Koenig (k@franz.ww.TU-Berlin.DE), Tim
10529 MacKenzie (Tim.MacKenzie@fulcrum.com.au), Kevin B. Hendricks
10530 (kbhend@dogwood.tyler.wm.edu), Stephen Dahmen (joyfire@inxpress.net), Ed
10531 Jordan (ed@fidalgo.net), David Alan Pisoni (david@cnation.com), Doug
10532 MacEachern (dougm@opengroup.org), Robin Houston (robin@oneworld.org),
10533 ...and many many more..
10535 =item A COMPLETE EXAMPLE OF A SIMPLE FORM-BASED SCRIPT
10543 =head2 CGI::Apache - Backward compatibility module for CGI.pm
10553 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
10561 =head2 CGI::Carp, B<CGI::Carp> - CGI routines for writing to the HTTPD (or
10570 =item REDIRECTING ERROR MESSAGES
10572 =item MAKING PERL ERRORS APPEAR IN THE BROWSER WINDOW
10576 =item Changing the default message
10580 =item MAKING WARNINGS APPEAR AS HTML COMMENTS
10582 =item OVERRIDING THE NAME OF THE PROGRAM
10590 =head2 CGI::Cookie - Interface to Netscape Cookies
10598 =item USING CGI::Cookie
10600 B<1. expiration date>, B<2. domain>, B<3. path>, B<4. secure flag>
10604 =item Creating New Cookies
10606 =item Sending the Cookie to the Browser
10608 =item Recovering Previous Cookies
10610 =item Manipulating Cookies
10612 B<name()>, B<value()>, B<domain()>, B<path()>, B<expires()>
10616 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
10624 =head2 CGI::Fast - CGI Interface for Fast CGI
10632 =item OTHER PIECES OF THE PUZZLE
10634 =item WRITING FASTCGI PERL SCRIPTS
10636 =item INSTALLING FASTCGI SCRIPTS
10638 =item USING FASTCGI SCRIPTS AS CGI SCRIPTS
10640 =item EXTERNAL FASTCGI SERVER INVOCATION
10642 FCGI_SOCKET_PATH, FCGI_LISTEN_QUEUE
10646 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
10654 =head2 CGI::Pretty - module to produce nicely formatted HTML code
10664 =item Tags that won't be formatted
10666 =item Customizing the Indenting
10678 =head2 CGI::Push - Simple Interface to Server Push
10686 =item USING CGI::Push
10688 -next_page, -last_page, -type, -delay, -cookie, -target, -expires, -nph
10692 =item Heterogeneous Pages
10694 =item Changing the Page Delay on the Fly
10698 =item INSTALLING CGI::Push SCRIPTS
10700 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
10708 =head2 CGI::Switch - Backward compatibility module for defunct CGI::Switch
10718 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
10726 =head2 CGI::Util - Internal utilities used by CGI module
10734 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
10740 =head2 CPAN - query, download and build perl modules from CPAN sites
10752 =item Interactive Mode
10754 Searching for authors, bundles, distribution files and modules, make, test,
10755 install, clean modules or distributions, get, readme, look module or
10756 distribution, ls author, Signals
10764 =item The four C<CPAN::*> Classes: Author, Bundle, Module, Distribution
10766 =item Programmer's interface
10768 expand($type,@things), expandany(@things), Programming Examples
10770 =item Methods in the other Classes
10772 CPAN::Author::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Author::as_string(),
10773 CPAN::Author::email(), CPAN::Author::fullname(), CPAN::Author::name(),
10774 CPAN::Bundle::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Bundle::as_string(),
10775 CPAN::Bundle::clean(), CPAN::Bundle::contains(),
10776 CPAN::Bundle::force($method,@args), CPAN::Bundle::get(),
10777 CPAN::Bundle::inst_file(), CPAN::Bundle::inst_version(),
10778 CPAN::Bundle::uptodate(), CPAN::Bundle::install(), CPAN::Bundle::make(),
10779 CPAN::Bundle::readme(), CPAN::Bundle::test(),
10780 CPAN::Distribution::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Distribution::as_string(),
10781 CPAN::Distribution::clean(), CPAN::Distribution::containsmods(),
10782 CPAN::Distribution::cvs_import(), CPAN::Distribution::dir(),
10783 CPAN::Distribution::force($method,@args), CPAN::Distribution::get(),
10784 CPAN::Distribution::install(), CPAN::Distribution::isa_perl(),
10785 CPAN::Distribution::look(), CPAN::Distribution::make(),
10786 CPAN::Distribution::prereq_pm(), CPAN::Distribution::readme(),
10787 CPAN::Distribution::test(), CPAN::Distribution::uptodate(),
10788 CPAN::Index::force_reload(), CPAN::Index::reload(), CPAN::InfoObj::dump(),
10789 CPAN::Module::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Module::as_string(),
10790 CPAN::Module::clean(), CPAN::Module::cpan_file(),
10791 CPAN::Module::cpan_version(), CPAN::Module::cvs_import(),
10792 CPAN::Module::description(), CPAN::Module::force($method,@args),
10793 CPAN::Module::get(), CPAN::Module::inst_file(),
10794 CPAN::Module::inst_version(), CPAN::Module::install(),
10795 CPAN::Module::look(), CPAN::Module::make(),
10796 CPAN::Module::manpage_headline(), CPAN::Module::readme(),
10797 CPAN::Module::test(), CPAN::Module::uptodate(), CPAN::Module::userid()
10799 =item Cache Manager
10803 =item Prerequisites
10805 =item Finding packages and VERSION
10809 =item Floppy, Zip, Offline Mode
10813 =item CONFIGURATION
10815 C<o conf E<lt>scalar optionE<gt>>, C<o conf E<lt>scalar optionE<gt>
10816 E<lt>valueE<gt>>, C<o conf E<lt>list optionE<gt>>, C<o conf E<lt>list
10817 optionE<gt> [shift|pop]>, C<o conf E<lt>list optionE<gt>
10818 [unshift|push|splice] E<lt>listE<gt>>
10822 =item Note on urllist parameter's format
10824 =item urllist parameter has CD-ROM support
10832 =item POPULATE AN INSTALLATION WITH LOTS OF MODULES
10834 =item WORKING WITH CPAN.pm BEHIND FIREWALLS
10838 =item Three basic types of firewalls
10840 http firewall, ftp firewall, One way visibility, SOCKS, IP Masquerade
10842 =item Configuring lynx or ncftp for going through a firewall
10848 1), 2), 3), 4), 5), 6), 7), 8), 9), 10)
10860 =head2 CPAN::FirstTime - Utility for CPAN::Config file Initialization
10870 =head2 CPANox, CPAN::Nox - Wrapper around CPAN.pm without using any XS
10883 =head2 Carp, carp - warn of errors (from perspective of caller)
10893 =item Forcing a Stack Trace
10901 =head2 Carp::Heavy, Carp heavy machinery - no user serviceable parts inside
10903 =head2 Class::ISA -- report the search path for a class's ISA tree
10913 the function Class::ISA::super_path($CLASS), the function
10914 Class::ISA::self_and_super_path($CLASS), the function
10915 Class::ISA::self_and_super_versions($CLASS)
10917 =item CAUTIONARY NOTES
10925 =head2 Class::Struct - declare struct-like datatypes as Perl classes
10935 =item The C<struct()> function
10937 =item Class Creation at Compile Time
10939 =item Element Types and Accessor Methods
10941 Scalar (C<'$'> or C<'*$'>), Array (C<'@'> or C<'*@'>), Hash (C<'%'> or
10942 C<'*%'>), Class (C<'Class_Name'> or C<'*Class_Name'>)
10944 =item Initializing with C<new>
10950 Example 1, Example 2, Example 3
10952 =item Author and Modification History
10956 =head2 Config - access Perl configuration information
10964 myconfig(), config_sh(), config_re($regex), config_vars(@names)
10976 C<_a>, C<_exe>, C<_o>
10980 C<afs>, C<afsroot>, C<alignbytes>, C<ansi2knr>, C<aphostname>,
10981 C<api_revision>, C<api_subversion>, C<api_version>, C<api_versionstring>,
10982 C<ar>, C<archlib>, C<archlibexp>, C<archname64>, C<archname>, C<archobjs>,
10983 C<asctime_r_proto>, C<awk>
10987 C<baserev>, C<bash>, C<bin>, C<binexp>, C<bison>, C<byacc>, C<byteorder>
10991 C<c>, C<castflags>, C<cat>, C<cc>, C<cccdlflags>, C<ccdlflags>, C<ccflags>,
10992 C<ccflags_uselargefiles>, C<ccname>, C<ccsymbols>, C<ccversion>, C<cf_by>,
10993 C<cf_email>, C<cf_time>, C<charsize>, C<chgrp>, C<chmod>, C<chown>,
10994 C<clocktype>, C<comm>, C<compress>, C<contains>, C<cp>, C<cpio>, C<cpp>,
10995 C<cpp_stuff>, C<cppccsymbols>, C<cppflags>, C<cpplast>, C<cppminus>,
10996 C<cpprun>, C<cppstdin>, C<cppsymbols>, C<crypt_r_proto>, C<cryptlib>,
10997 C<csh>, C<ctermid_r_proto>, C<ctime_r_proto>
11001 C<d__fwalk>, C<d_access>, C<d_accessx>, C<d_aintl>, C<d_alarm>,
11002 C<d_archlib>, C<d_asctime_r>, C<d_atolf>, C<d_atoll>, C<d_attribut>,
11003 C<d_bcmp>, C<d_bcopy>, C<d_bsd>, C<d_bsdgetpgrp>, C<d_bsdsetpgrp>,
11004 C<d_bzero>, C<d_casti32>, C<d_castneg>, C<d_charvspr>, C<d_chown>,
11005 C<d_chroot>, C<d_chsize>, C<d_class>, C<d_closedir>, C<d_cmsghdr_s>,
11006 C<d_const>, C<d_copysignl>, C<d_crypt>, C<d_crypt_r>, C<d_csh>,
11007 C<d_ctermid_r>, C<d_ctime_r>, C<d_cuserid>, C<d_dbl_dig>,
11008 C<d_dbminitproto>, C<d_difftime>, C<d_dirfd>, C<d_dirnamlen>, C<d_dlerror>,
11009 C<d_dlopen>, C<d_dlsymun>, C<d_dosuid>, C<d_drand48_r>, C<d_drand48proto>,
11010 C<d_dup2>, C<d_eaccess>, C<d_endgrent>, C<d_endgrent_r>, C<d_endhent>,
11011 C<d_endhostent_r>, C<d_endnent>, C<d_endnetent_r>, C<d_endpent>,
11012 C<d_endprotoent_r>, C<d_endpwent>, C<d_endpwent_r>, C<d_endsent>,
11013 C<d_endservent_r>, C<d_eofnblk>, C<d_eunice>, C<d_faststdio>, C<d_fchdir>,
11014 C<d_fchmod>, C<d_fchown>, C<d_fcntl>, C<d_fcntl_can_lock>, C<d_fd_macros>,
11015 C<d_fd_set>, C<d_fds_bits>, C<d_fgetpos>, C<d_finite>, C<d_finitel>,
11016 C<d_flexfnam>, C<d_flock>, C<d_flockproto>, C<d_fork>, C<d_fp_class>,
11017 C<d_fpathconf>, C<d_fpclass>, C<d_fpclassify>, C<d_fpclassl>,
11018 C<d_fpos64_t>, C<d_frexpl>, C<d_fs_data_s>, C<d_fseeko>, C<d_fsetpos>,
11019 C<d_fstatfs>, C<d_fstatvfs>, C<d_fsync>, C<d_ftello>, C<d_ftime>,
11020 C<d_Gconvert>, C<d_getcwd>, C<d_getespwnam>, C<d_getfsstat>, C<d_getgrent>,
11021 C<d_getgrent_r>, C<d_getgrgid_r>, C<d_getgrnam_r>, C<d_getgrps>,
11022 C<d_gethbyaddr>, C<d_gethbyname>, C<d_gethent>, C<d_gethname>,
11023 C<d_gethostbyaddr_r>, C<d_gethostbyname_r>, C<d_gethostent_r>,
11024 C<d_gethostprotos>, C<d_getitimer>, C<d_getlogin>, C<d_getlogin_r>,
11025 C<d_getmnt>, C<d_getmntent>, C<d_getnbyaddr>, C<d_getnbyname>,
11026 C<d_getnent>, C<d_getnetbyaddr_r>, C<d_getnetbyname_r>, C<d_getnetent_r>,
11027 C<d_getnetprotos>, C<d_getpagsz>, C<d_getpbyname>, C<d_getpbynumber>,
11028 C<d_getpent>, C<d_getpgid>, C<d_getpgrp2>, C<d_getpgrp>, C<d_getppid>,
11029 C<d_getprior>, C<d_getprotobyname_r>, C<d_getprotobynumber_r>,
11030 C<d_getprotoent_r>, C<d_getprotoprotos>, C<d_getprpwnam>, C<d_getpwent>,
11031 C<d_getpwent_r>, C<d_getpwnam_r>, C<d_getpwuid_r>, C<d_getsbyname>,
11032 C<d_getsbyport>, C<d_getsent>, C<d_getservbyname_r>, C<d_getservbyport_r>,
11033 C<d_getservent_r>, C<d_getservprotos>, C<d_getspnam>, C<d_getspnam_r>,
11034 C<d_gettimeod>, C<d_gmtime_r>, C<d_gnulibc>, C<d_grpasswd>, C<d_hasmntopt>,
11035 C<d_htonl>, C<d_ilogbl>, C<d_index>, C<d_inetaton>, C<d_int64_t>,
11036 C<d_isascii>, C<d_isfinite>, C<d_isinf>, C<d_isnan>, C<d_isnanl>,
11037 C<d_killpg>, C<d_lchown>, C<d_ldbl_dig>, C<d_link>, C<d_localtime_r>,
11038 C<d_locconv>, C<d_lockf>, C<d_longdbl>, C<d_longlong>, C<d_lseekproto>,
11039 C<d_lstat>, C<d_madvise>, C<d_mblen>, C<d_mbstowcs>, C<d_mbtowc>,
11040 C<d_memchr>, C<d_memcmp>, C<d_memcpy>, C<d_memmove>, C<d_memset>,
11041 C<d_mkdir>, C<d_mkdtemp>, C<d_mkfifo>, C<d_mkstemp>, C<d_mkstemps>,
11042 C<d_mktime>, C<d_mmap>, C<d_modfl>, C<d_modfl_pow32_bug>, C<d_modflproto>,
11043 C<d_mprotect>, C<d_msg>, C<d_msg_ctrunc>, C<d_msg_dontroute>, C<d_msg_oob>,
11044 C<d_msg_peek>, C<d_msg_proxy>, C<d_msgctl>, C<d_msgget>, C<d_msghdr_s>,
11045 C<d_msgrcv>, C<d_msgsnd>, C<d_msync>, C<d_munmap>, C<d_mymalloc>,
11046 C<d_nanosleep>, C<d_nice>, C<d_nl_langinfo>, C<d_nv_preserves_uv>,
11047 C<d_off64_t>, C<d_old_pthread_create_joinable>, C<d_oldpthreads>,
11048 C<d_oldsock>, C<d_open3>, C<d_pathconf>, C<d_pause>,
11049 C<d_perl_otherlibdirs>, C<d_phostname>, C<d_pipe>, C<d_poll>,
11050 C<d_portable>, C<d_PRId64>, C<d_PRIeldbl>, C<d_PRIEUldbl>, C<d_PRIfldbl>,
11051 C<d_PRIFUldbl>, C<d_PRIgldbl>, C<d_PRIGUldbl>, C<d_PRIi64>, C<d_PRIo64>,
11052 C<d_PRIu64>, C<d_PRIx64>, C<d_PRIXU64>, C<d_procselfexe>,
11053 C<d_pthread_atfork>, C<d_pthread_attr_setscope>, C<d_pthread_yield>,
11054 C<d_pwage>, C<d_pwchange>, C<d_pwclass>, C<d_pwcomment>, C<d_pwexpire>,
11055 C<d_pwgecos>, C<d_pwpasswd>, C<d_pwquota>, C<d_qgcvt>, C<d_quad>,
11056 C<d_random_r>, C<d_readdir64_r>, C<d_readdir>, C<d_readdir_r>,
11057 C<d_readlink>, C<d_readv>, C<d_recvmsg>, C<d_rename>, C<d_rewinddir>,
11058 C<d_rmdir>, C<d_safebcpy>, C<d_safemcpy>, C<d_sanemcmp>, C<d_sbrkproto>,
11059 C<d_scalbnl>, C<d_sched_yield>, C<d_scm_rights>, C<d_SCNfldbl>,
11060 C<d_seekdir>, C<d_select>, C<d_sem>, C<d_semctl>, C<d_semctl_semid_ds>,
11061 C<d_semctl_semun>, C<d_semget>, C<d_semop>, C<d_sendmsg>, C<d_setegid>,
11062 C<d_seteuid>, C<d_setgrent>, C<d_setgrent_r>, C<d_setgrps>, C<d_sethent>,
11063 C<d_sethostent_r>, C<d_setitimer>, C<d_setlinebuf>, C<d_setlocale>,
11064 C<d_setlocale_r>, C<d_setnent>, C<d_setnetent_r>, C<d_setpent>,
11065 C<d_setpgid>, C<d_setpgrp2>, C<d_setpgrp>, C<d_setprior>,
11066 C<d_setproctitle>, C<d_setprotoent_r>, C<d_setpwent>, C<d_setpwent_r>,
11067 C<d_setregid>, C<d_setresgid>, C<d_setresuid>, C<d_setreuid>, C<d_setrgid>,
11068 C<d_setruid>, C<d_setsent>, C<d_setservent_r>, C<d_setsid>, C<d_setvbuf>,
11069 C<d_sfio>, C<d_shm>, C<d_shmat>, C<d_shmatprototype>, C<d_shmctl>,
11070 C<d_shmdt>, C<d_shmget>, C<d_sigaction>, C<d_sigprocmask>, C<d_sigsetjmp>,
11071 C<d_sockatmark>, C<d_sockatmarkproto>, C<d_socket>, C<d_socklen_t>,
11072 C<d_sockpair>, C<d_socks5_init>, C<d_sqrtl>, C<d_srand48_r>,
11073 C<d_srandom_r>, C<d_sresgproto>, C<d_sresuproto>, C<d_statblks>,
11074 C<d_statfs_f_flags>, C<d_statfs_s>, C<d_statvfs>, C<d_stdio_cnt_lval>,
11075 C<d_stdio_ptr_lval>, C<d_stdio_ptr_lval_nochange_cnt>,
11076 C<d_stdio_ptr_lval_sets_cnt>, C<d_stdio_stream_array>, C<d_stdiobase>,
11077 C<d_stdstdio>, C<d_strchr>, C<d_strcoll>, C<d_strctcpy>, C<d_strerrm>,
11078 C<d_strerror>, C<d_strerror_r>, C<d_strftime>, C<d_strtod>, C<d_strtol>,
11079 C<d_strtold>, C<d_strtoll>, C<d_strtoq>, C<d_strtoul>, C<d_strtoull>,
11080 C<d_strtouq>, C<d_strxfrm>, C<d_suidsafe>, C<d_symlink>, C<d_syscall>,
11081 C<d_syscallproto>, C<d_sysconf>, C<d_sysernlst>, C<d_syserrlst>,
11082 C<d_system>, C<d_tcgetpgrp>, C<d_tcsetpgrp>, C<d_telldir>,
11083 C<d_telldirproto>, C<d_time>, C<d_times>, C<d_tm_tm_gmtoff>,
11084 C<d_tm_tm_zone>, C<d_tmpnam_r>, C<d_truncate>, C<d_ttyname_r>, C<d_tzname>,
11085 C<d_u32align>, C<d_ualarm>, C<d_umask>, C<d_uname>, C<d_union_semun>,
11086 C<d_unordered>, C<d_usleep>, C<d_usleepproto>, C<d_ustat>, C<d_vendorarch>,
11087 C<d_vendorbin>, C<d_vendorlib>, C<d_vendorscript>, C<d_vfork>,
11088 C<d_void_closedir>, C<d_voidsig>, C<d_voidtty>, C<d_volatile>,
11089 C<d_vprintf>, C<d_wait4>, C<d_waitpid>, C<d_wcstombs>, C<d_wctomb>,
11090 C<d_writev>, C<d_xenix>, C<date>, C<db_hashtype>, C<db_prefixtype>,
11091 C<db_version_major>, C<db_version_minor>, C<db_version_patch>,
11092 C<defvoidused>, C<direntrytype>, C<dlext>, C<dlsrc>, C<doublesize>,
11093 C<drand01>, C<drand48_r_proto>, C<dynamic_ext>
11097 C<eagain>, C<ebcdic>, C<echo>, C<egrep>, C<emacs>, C<endgrent_r_proto>,
11098 C<endhostent_r_proto>, C<endnetent_r_proto>, C<endprotoent_r_proto>,
11099 C<endpwent_r_proto>, C<endservent_r_proto>, C<eunicefix>, C<exe_ext>,
11100 C<expr>, C<extensions>, C<extras>
11104 C<fflushall>, C<fflushNULL>, C<find>, C<firstmakefile>, C<flex>,
11105 C<fpossize>, C<fpostype>, C<freetype>, C<from>, C<full_ar>, C<full_csh>,
11110 C<gccansipedantic>, C<gccosandvers>, C<gccversion>, C<getgrent_r_proto>,
11111 C<getgrgid_r_proto>, C<getgrnam_r_proto>, C<gethostbyaddr_r_proto>,
11112 C<gethostbyname_r_proto>, C<gethostent_r_proto>, C<getlogin_r_proto>,
11113 C<getnetbyaddr_r_proto>, C<getnetbyname_r_proto>, C<getnetent_r_proto>,
11114 C<getprotobyname_r_proto>, C<getprotobynumber_r_proto>,
11115 C<getprotoent_r_proto>, C<getpwent_r_proto>, C<getpwnam_r_proto>,
11116 C<getpwuid_r_proto>, C<getservbyname_r_proto>, C<getservbyport_r_proto>,
11117 C<getservent_r_proto>, C<getspnam_r_proto>, C<gidformat>, C<gidsign>,
11118 C<gidsize>, C<gidtype>, C<glibpth>, C<gmake>, C<gmtime_r_proto>,
11119 C<gnulibc_version>, C<grep>, C<groupcat>, C<groupstype>, C<gzip>
11123 C<h_fcntl>, C<h_sysfile>, C<hint>, C<hostcat>, C<html1dir>, C<html1direxp>,
11124 C<html3dir>, C<html3direxp>
11128 C<i16size>, C<i16type>, C<i32size>, C<i32type>, C<i64size>, C<i64type>,
11129 C<i8size>, C<i8type>, C<i_arpainet>, C<i_bsdioctl>, C<i_crypt>, C<i_db>,
11130 C<i_dbm>, C<i_dirent>, C<i_dld>, C<i_dlfcn>, C<i_fcntl>, C<i_float>,
11131 C<i_fp>, C<i_fp_class>, C<i_gdbm>, C<i_grp>, C<i_ieeefp>, C<i_inttypes>,
11132 C<i_langinfo>, C<i_libutil>, C<i_limits>, C<i_locale>, C<i_machcthr>,
11133 C<i_malloc>, C<i_math>, C<i_memory>, C<i_mntent>, C<i_ndbm>, C<i_netdb>,
11134 C<i_neterrno>, C<i_netinettcp>, C<i_niin>, C<i_poll>, C<i_prot>,
11135 C<i_pthread>, C<i_pwd>, C<i_rpcsvcdbm>, C<i_sfio>, C<i_sgtty>, C<i_shadow>,
11136 C<i_socks>, C<i_stdarg>, C<i_stddef>, C<i_stdlib>, C<i_string>,
11137 C<i_sunmath>, C<i_sysaccess>, C<i_sysdir>, C<i_sysfile>, C<i_sysfilio>,
11138 C<i_sysin>, C<i_sysioctl>, C<i_syslog>, C<i_sysmman>, C<i_sysmode>,
11139 C<i_sysmount>, C<i_sysndir>, C<i_sysparam>, C<i_sysresrc>, C<i_syssecrt>,
11140 C<i_sysselct>, C<i_syssockio>, C<i_sysstat>, C<i_sysstatfs>,
11141 C<i_sysstatvfs>, C<i_systime>, C<i_systimek>, C<i_systimes>, C<i_systypes>,
11142 C<i_sysuio>, C<i_sysun>, C<i_sysutsname>, C<i_sysvfs>, C<i_syswait>,
11143 C<i_termio>, C<i_termios>, C<i_time>, C<i_unistd>, C<i_ustat>, C<i_utime>,
11144 C<i_values>, C<i_varargs>, C<i_varhdr>, C<i_vfork>,
11145 C<ignore_versioned_solibs>, C<inc_version_list>, C<inc_version_list_init>,
11146 C<incpath>, C<inews>, C<installarchlib>, C<installbin>, C<installhtml1dir>,
11147 C<installhtml3dir>, C<installman1dir>, C<installman3dir>, C<installprefix>,
11148 C<installprefixexp>, C<installprivlib>, C<installscript>,
11149 C<installsitearch>, C<installsitebin>, C<installsitehtml1>,
11150 C<installsitehtml3>, C<installsitelib>, C<installsiteman1>,
11151 C<installsiteman3>, C<installsitescript>, C<installstyle>,
11152 C<installusrbinperl>, C<installvendorarch>, C<installvendorbin>,
11153 C<installvendorhtml1>, C<installvendorhtml3>, C<installvendorlib>,
11154 C<installvendorman1>, C<installvendorman3>, C<installvendorscript>,
11155 C<intsize>, C<issymlink>, C<ivdformat>, C<ivsize>, C<ivtype>
11159 C<known_extensions>, C<ksh>
11163 C<ld>, C<lddlflags>, C<ldflags>, C<ldflags_uselargefiles>, C<ldlibpthname>,
11164 C<less>, C<lib_ext>, C<libc>, C<libperl>, C<libpth>, C<libs>, C<libsdirs>,
11165 C<libsfiles>, C<libsfound>, C<libspath>, C<libswanted>,
11166 C<libswanted_uselargefiles>, C<line>, C<lint>, C<lkflags>, C<ln>, C<lns>,
11167 C<localtime_r_proto>, C<locincpth>, C<loclibpth>, C<longdblsize>,
11168 C<longlongsize>, C<longsize>, C<lp>, C<lpr>, C<ls>, C<lseeksize>,
11173 C<mail>, C<mailx>, C<make>, C<make_set_make>, C<mallocobj>, C<mallocsrc>,
11174 C<malloctype>, C<man1dir>, C<man1direxp>, C<man1ext>, C<man3dir>,
11175 C<man3direxp>, C<man3ext>
11179 C<Mcc>, C<mips_type>, C<mkdir>, C<mmaptype>, C<modetype>, C<more>,
11180 C<multiarch>, C<mv>, C<myarchname>, C<mydomain>, C<myhostname>, C<myuname>
11184 C<n>, C<need_va_copy>, C<netdb_hlen_type>, C<netdb_host_type>,
11185 C<netdb_name_type>, C<netdb_net_type>, C<nm>, C<nm_opt>, C<nm_so_opt>,
11186 C<nonxs_ext>, C<nroff>, C<nv_preserves_uv_bits>, C<nveformat>,
11187 C<nvEUformat>, C<nvfformat>, C<nvFUformat>, C<nvgformat>, C<nvGUformat>,
11188 C<nvsize>, C<nvtype>
11192 C<o_nonblock>, C<obj_ext>, C<old_pthread_create_joinable>, C<optimize>,
11193 C<orderlib>, C<osname>, C<osvers>, C<otherlibdirs>
11197 C<package>, C<pager>, C<passcat>, C<patchlevel>, C<path_sep>, C<perl5>,
11198 C<perl>, C<perl_patchlevel>
11202 C<PERL_REVISION>, C<PERL_SUBVERSION>, C<PERL_VERSION>, C<perladmin>,
11203 C<perllibs>, C<perlpath>, C<pg>, C<phostname>, C<pidtype>, C<plibpth>,
11204 C<pm_apiversion>, C<pmake>, C<pr>, C<prefix>, C<prefixexp>, C<privlib>,
11205 C<privlibexp>, C<procselfexe>, C<prototype>, C<ptrsize>
11209 C<quadkind>, C<quadtype>
11213 C<randbits>, C<randfunc>, C<random_r_proto>, C<randseedtype>, C<ranlib>,
11214 C<rd_nodata>, C<readdir64_r_proto>, C<readdir_r_proto>, C<revision>, C<rm>,
11215 C<rmail>, C<run>, C<runnm>
11219 C<sched_yield>, C<scriptdir>, C<scriptdirexp>, C<sed>, C<seedfunc>,
11220 C<selectminbits>, C<selecttype>, C<sendmail>, C<setgrent_r_proto>,
11221 C<sethostent_r_proto>, C<setlocale_r_proto>, C<setnetent_r_proto>,
11222 C<setprotoent_r_proto>, C<setpwent_r_proto>, C<setservent_r_proto>, C<sh>,
11223 C<shar>, C<sharpbang>, C<shmattype>, C<shortsize>, C<shrpenv>, C<shsharp>,
11224 C<sig_count>, C<sig_name>, C<sig_name_init>, C<sig_num>, C<sig_num_init>,
11225 C<sig_size>, C<signal_t>, C<sitearch>, C<sitearchexp>, C<sitebin>,
11226 C<sitebinexp>, C<sitehtml1>, C<sitehtml1exp>, C<sitehtml3>,
11227 C<sitehtml3exp>, C<sitelib>, C<sitelib_stem>, C<sitelibexp>, C<siteman1>,
11228 C<siteman1exp>, C<siteman3>, C<siteman3exp>, C<siteprefix>,
11229 C<siteprefixexp>, C<sitescript>, C<sitescriptexp>, C<sizesize>,
11230 C<sizetype>, C<sleep>, C<smail>, C<so>, C<sockethdr>, C<socketlib>,
11231 C<socksizetype>, C<sort>, C<spackage>, C<spitshell>, C<sPRId64>,
11232 C<sPRIeldbl>, C<sPRIEUldbl>, C<sPRIfldbl>, C<sPRIFUldbl>, C<sPRIgldbl>,
11233 C<sPRIGUldbl>, C<sPRIi64>, C<sPRIo64>, C<sPRIu64>, C<sPRIx64>, C<sPRIXU64>,
11234 C<srand48_r_proto>, C<srandom_r_proto>, C<src>, C<sSCNfldbl>, C<ssizetype>,
11235 C<startperl>, C<startsh>, C<static_ext>, C<stdchar>, C<stdio_base>,
11236 C<stdio_bufsiz>, C<stdio_cnt>, C<stdio_filbuf>, C<stdio_ptr>,
11237 C<stdio_stream_array>, C<strerror_r_proto>, C<strings>, C<submit>,
11238 C<subversion>, C<sysman>
11242 C<tail>, C<tar>, C<targetarch>, C<tbl>, C<tee>, C<test>, C<timeincl>,
11243 C<timetype>, C<tmpnam_r_proto>, C<to>, C<touch>, C<tr>, C<trnl>, C<troff>,
11248 C<u16size>, C<u16type>, C<u32size>, C<u32type>, C<u64size>, C<u64type>,
11249 C<u8size>, C<u8type>, C<uidformat>, C<uidsign>, C<uidsize>, C<uidtype>,
11250 C<uname>, C<uniq>, C<uquadtype>, C<use5005threads>, C<use64bitall>,
11251 C<use64bitint>, C<usecrosscompile>, C<usedl>, C<usefaststdio>,
11252 C<useithreads>, C<uselargefiles>, C<uselongdouble>, C<usemorebits>,
11253 C<usemultiplicity>, C<usemymalloc>, C<usenm>, C<useopcode>, C<useperlio>,
11254 C<useposix>, C<usereentrant>, C<usesfio>, C<useshrplib>, C<usesocks>,
11255 C<usethreads>, C<usevendorprefix>, C<usevfork>, C<usrinc>, C<uuname>,
11256 C<uvoformat>, C<uvsize>, C<uvtype>, C<uvuformat>, C<uvxformat>,
11261 C<vendorarch>, C<vendorarchexp>, C<vendorbin>, C<vendorbinexp>,
11262 C<vendorhtml1>, C<vendorhtml1exp>, C<vendorhtml3>, C<vendorhtml3exp>,
11263 C<vendorlib>, C<vendorlib_stem>, C<vendorlibexp>, C<vendorman1>,
11264 C<vendorman1exp>, C<vendorman3>, C<vendorman3exp>, C<vendorprefix>,
11265 C<vendorprefixexp>, C<vendorscript>, C<vendorscriptexp>, C<version>,
11266 C<version_patchlevel_string>, C<versiononly>, C<vi>, C<voidflags>
11270 C<xlibpth>, C<xs_apiversion>
11274 C<yacc>, C<yaccflags>
11286 =head2 Cwd - get pathname of current working directory
11296 =item getcwd and friends
11298 getcwd, cwd, fastcwd, fastgetcwd
11300 =item abs_path and friends
11302 abs_path, realpath, fast_abs_path
11314 =head2 DB - programmatic interface to the Perl debugging API (draft,
11326 =item Global Variables
11328 $DB::sub, %DB::sub, $DB::single, $DB::signal, $DB::trace, @DB::args,
11329 @DB::dbline, %DB::dbline, $DB::package, $DB::filename, $DB::subname,
11334 CLIENT->register(), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->skippkg('D::hide'),
11335 CLIENT->run(), CLIENT->step(), CLIENT->next(), CLIENT->done()
11337 =item Client Callback Methods
11339 CLIENT->init(), CLIENT->prestop([STRING]), CLIENT->stop(), CLIENT->idle(),
11340 CLIENT->poststop([STRING]), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->cleanup(),
11341 CLIENT->output(LIST)
11351 =head2 DB_File - Perl5 access to Berkeley DB version 1.x
11359 B<DB_HASH>, B<DB_BTREE>, B<DB_RECNO>
11363 =item Using DB_File with Berkeley DB version 2 or greater
11365 =item Interface to Berkeley DB
11367 =item Opening a Berkeley DB Database File
11369 =item Default Parameters
11371 =item In Memory Databases
11379 =item A Simple Example
11387 =item Changing the BTREE sort order
11389 =item Handling Duplicate Keys
11391 =item The get_dup() Method
11393 =item The find_dup() Method
11395 =item The del_dup() Method
11397 =item Matching Partial Keys
11405 =item The 'bval' Option
11407 =item A Simple Example
11409 =item Extra RECNO Methods
11411 B<$X-E<gt>push(list) ;>, B<$value = $X-E<gt>pop ;>, B<$X-E<gt>shift>,
11412 B<$X-E<gt>unshift(list) ;>, B<$X-E<gt>length>, B<$X-E<gt>splice(offset,
11413 length, elements);>
11415 =item Another Example
11419 =item THE API INTERFACE
11421 B<$status = $X-E<gt>get($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status =
11422 $X-E<gt>put($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>del($key [,
11423 $flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>fd ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>seq($key,
11424 $value, $flags) ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>sync([$flags]) ;>
11428 B<filter_store_key>, B<filter_store_value>, B<filter_fetch_key>,
11429 B<filter_fetch_value>
11435 =item An Example -- the NULL termination problem.
11437 =item Another Example -- Key is a C int.
11441 =item HINTS AND TIPS
11445 =item Locking: The Trouble with fd
11447 =item Safe ways to lock a database
11449 B<Tie::DB_Lock>, B<Tie::DB_LockFile>, B<DB_File::Lock>
11451 =item Sharing Databases With C Applications
11453 =item The untie() Gotcha
11457 =item COMMON QUESTIONS
11461 =item Why is there Perl source in my database?
11463 =item How do I store complex data structures with DB_File?
11465 =item What does "Invalid Argument" mean?
11467 =item What does "Bareword 'DB_File' not allowed" mean?
11487 =head2 Data::Dumper - stringified perl data structures, suitable for both
11488 printing and C<eval>
11500 I<PACKAGE>->new(I<ARRAYREF [>, I<ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Dump I<or>
11501 I<PACKAGE>->Dump(I<ARRAYREF [>, I<ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Seen(I<[HASHREF]>),
11502 I<$OBJ>->Values(I<[ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Names(I<[ARRAYREF]>),
11509 =item Configuration Variables or Methods
11529 =head2 Devel::DProf - a Perl code profiler
11537 =item PROFILE FORMAT
11549 =head2 Devel::PPPort - Perl/Pollution/Portability
11571 =head2 Devel::Peek - A data debugging tool for the XS programmer
11581 =item Runtime debugging
11583 =item Memory footprint debugging
11591 =item A simple scalar string
11593 =item A simple scalar number
11595 =item A simple scalar with an extra reference
11597 =item A reference to a simple scalar
11599 =item A reference to an array
11601 =item A reference to a hash
11603 =item Dumping a large array or hash
11605 =item A reference to an SV which holds a C pointer
11607 =item A reference to a subroutine
11621 =head2 Devel::SelfStubber - generate stubs for a SelfLoading module
11631 =head2 Digest:: - Modules that calculate message digests
11639 I<binary>, I<hex>, I<base64>
11643 $ctx = Digest->XXX($arg,...), $ctx = Digest->new(XXX => $arg,...), $ctx =
11644 Digest::XXX->new($arg,...), $other_ctx = $ctx->clone, $ctx->reset,
11645 $ctx->add($data,...), $ctx->addfile($io_handle), $ctx->digest,
11646 $ctx->hexdigest, $ctx->b64digest
11654 =head2 Digest::MD5 - Perl interface to the MD5 Algorithm
11664 md5($data,...), md5_hex($data,...), md5_base64($data,...)
11668 $md5 = Digest::MD5->new, $md5->clone, $md5->reset, $md5->add($data,...),
11669 $md5->addfile($io_handle), $md5->digest, $md5->hexdigest, $md5->b64digest
11681 =head2 DirHandle - supply object methods for directory handles
11693 =head2 Dumpvalue - provides screen dump of Perl data.
11705 C<arrayDepth>, C<hashDepth>, C<compactDump>, C<veryCompact>, C<globPrint>,
11706 C<dumpDBFiles>, C<dumpPackages>, C<dumpReused>, C<tick>, C<quoteHighBit>,
11707 C<printUndef>, C<usageOnly>, unctrl, subdump, bareStringify, quoteHighBit,
11712 dumpValue, dumpValues, stringify, dumpvars, set_quote, set_unctrl,
11713 compactDump, veryCompact, set, get
11719 =head2 DynaLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code
11727 @dl_library_path, @dl_resolve_using, @dl_require_symbols, @dl_librefs,
11728 @dl_modules, dl_error(), $dl_debug, dl_findfile(), dl_expandspec(),
11729 dl_load_file(), dl_unload_file(), dl_load_flags(), dl_find_symbol(),
11730 dl_find_symbol_anywhere(), dl_undef_symbols(), dl_install_xsub(),
11737 =head2 DynaLoader::XSLoader, XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into
11750 =head2 Encode - character encodings
11758 =item Table of Contents
11770 =item PERL ENCODING API
11772 $octets = encode(ENCODING, $string [, CHECK]), $string = decode(ENCODING,
11773 $octets [, CHECK]), [$length =] from_to($octets, FROM_ENC, TO_ENC [,
11774 CHECK]), $octets = encode_utf8($string);, $string = decode_utf8($octets [,
11779 =item Listing available encodings
11781 =item Defining Aliases
11785 =item Encoding via PerlIO
11787 =item Handling Malformed Data
11789 I<CHECK> = Encode::FB_DEFAULT ( == 0), I<CHECK> = Encode::FB_CROAK ( == 1),
11790 I<CHECK> = Encode::FB_QUIET, I<CHECK> = Encode::FB_WARN, perlqq mode
11791 (I<CHECK> = Encode::FB_PERLQQ), HTML charref mode (I<CHECK> =
11792 Encode::FB_HTMLCREF), XML charref mode (I<CHECK> = Encode::FB_XMLCREF), The
11797 =item Unimplemented fallback schemes
11801 =item Defining Encodings
11803 =item The UTF-8 flag
11805 Goal #1:, Goal #2:, Goal #3:, Goal #4:
11809 =item Messing with Perl's Internals
11811 is_utf8(STRING [, CHECK]), _utf8_on(STRING), _utf8_off(STRING)
11821 =head2 Encode::Alias - alias definitions to encodings
11829 As a simple string, As a qr// compiled regular expression, e.g.:, As a code
11834 =item Alias overloading
11842 =head2 Encode::Byte - Single Byte Encodings
11856 =head2 Encode::CJKConstants -- Internally used by Encode::??::ISO_2022_*
11858 =head2 Encode::CN - China-based Chinese Encodings
11874 =head2 Encode::CN::HZ -- internally used by Encode::CN
11876 =head2 Encode::Config -- internally used by Encode
11878 =head2 Encode::EBCDIC - EBCDIC Encodings
11892 =head2 Encode::Encoding - Encode Implementation Base Class
11902 =item Methods you should implement
11904 -E<gt>encode($string [,$check]), -E<gt>decode($octets [,$check]),
11905 -E<gt>cat_decode($destination, $octets, $offset, $terminator [,$check])
11907 =item Other methods defined in Encode::Encodings
11909 -E<gt>name, -E<gt>renew, -E<gt>perlio_ok(), -E<gt>needs_lines()
11911 =item Example: Encode::ROT13
11915 =item Why the heck Encode API is different?
11919 =item Compiled Encodings
11925 Scheme 1, Scheme 2, Other Schemes
11929 =head2 Encode::Guess -- Guesses encoding from data
11939 Encode::Guess->set_suspects, Encode::Guess->add_suspects,
11940 Encode::decode("Guess" ...), Encode::Guess->guess($data),
11941 guess_encoding($data, [, I<list of suspects>])
11951 =head2 Encode::JP - Japanese Encodings
11961 =item Note on ISO-2022-JP(-1)?
11969 =head2 Encode::JP::H2Z -- internally used by Encode::JP::2022_JP*
11971 =head2 Encode::JP::JIS7 -- internally used by Encode::JP
11973 =head2 Encode::KR - Korean Encodings
11987 =head2 Encode::KR::2022_KR -- internally used by Encode::KR
11989 =head2 Encode::MIME::Header -- MIME 'B' and 'Q' header encoding
12005 =head2 Encode::PerlIO -- a detailed document on Encode and PerlIO
12011 =item How does it work?
12013 =item Line Buffering
12017 =item How can I tell whether my encoding fully supports PerlIO ?
12025 =head2 Encode::Supported -- Encodings supported by Encode
12033 =item Encoding Names
12037 =item Supported Encodings
12041 =item Built-in Encodings
12043 =item Encode::Unicode -- other Unicode encodings
12045 =item Encode::Byte -- Extended ASCII
12047 ISO-8859 and corresponding vendor mappings, KOI8 - De Facto Standard for
12048 the Cyrillic world, gsm0338 - Hentai Latin 1
12050 =item CJK: Chinese, Japanese, Korean (Multibyte)
12052 Encode::CN -- Continental China, Encode::JP -- Japan, Encode::KR -- Korea,
12053 Encode::TW -- Taiwan, Encode::HanExtra -- More Chinese via CPAN,
12054 Encode::JIS2K -- JIS X 0213 encodings via CPAN
12056 =item Miscellaneous encodings
12058 Encode::EBCDIC, Encode::Symbols, Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::Guess
12062 =item Unsupported encodings
12064 ISO-2022-JP-2 [RFC1554], ISO-2022-CN [RFC1922], Various HP-UX encodings,
12065 Cyrillic encoding ISO-IR-111, ISO-8859-8-1 [Hebrew], ISIRI 3342, Iran
12066 System, ISIRI 2900 [Farsi], Thai encoding TCVN, Vietnamese encodings VPS,
12067 Various Mac encodings, (Mac) Indic encodings
12069 =item Encoding vs. Charset -- terminology
12071 =item Encoding Classification (by Anton Tagunov and Dan Kogai)
12075 =item Microsoft-related naming mess
12077 KS_C_5601-1987, GB2312, Big5, Shift_JIS
12083 character repertoire, coded character set (CCS), character encoding scheme
12084 (CES), charset (in MIME context), EUC, ISO-2022, UCS, UCS-2, Unicode, UTF,
12091 ECMA, ECMA-035 (eq C<ISO-2022>), IANA, Assigned Charset Names by IANA, ISO,
12092 RFC, UC, Unicode Glossary
12096 =item Other Notable Sites
12098 czyborra.com, CJK.inf, Jungshik Shin's Hangul FAQ, debian.org:
12099 "Introduction to i18n"
12101 =item Offline sources
12103 C<CJKV Information Processing> by Ken Lunde
12109 =head2 Encode::Symbol - Symbol Encodings
12123 =head2 Encode::TW - Taiwan-based Chinese Encodings
12139 =head2 Encode::Unicode -- Various Unicode Transformation Formats
12147 L<http://www.unicode.org/glossary/> says:, Quick Reference
12149 =item Size, Endianness, and BOM
12155 =item by endianness
12157 BOM as integer when fetched in network byte order
12161 =item Surrogate Pairs
12167 =head2 Encode::Unicode::UTF7 -- UTF-7 encoding
12181 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Alias, Encode::Alias - alias definitions to
12190 As a simple string, As a qr// compiled regular expression, e.g.:, As a code
12195 =item Alias overloading
12203 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::CJKConstants, Encode::CJKConstants.pm --
12204 Internally used by Encode::??::ISO_2022_*
12206 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::CN::HZ, Encode::CN::HZ -- internally used by
12209 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Config, Encode::Config -- internally used by
12212 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Encoding, Encode::Encoding - Encode
12213 Implementation Base Class
12223 =item Methods you should implement
12225 -E<gt>encode($string [,$check]), -E<gt>decode($octets [,$check]),
12226 -E<gt>cat_decode($destination, $octets, $offset, $terminator [,$check])
12228 =item Other methods defined in Encode::Encodings
12230 -E<gt>name, -E<gt>renew, -E<gt>perlio_ok(), -E<gt>needs_lines()
12232 =item Example: Encode::ROT13
12236 =item Why the heck Encode API is different?
12240 =item Compiled Encodings
12246 Scheme 1, Scheme 2, Other Schemes
12250 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Guess, Encode::Guess -- Guesses encoding from
12261 Encode::Guess->set_suspects, Encode::Guess->add_suspects,
12262 Encode::decode("Guess" ...), Encode::Guess->guess($data),
12263 guess_encoding($data, [, I<list of suspects>])
12273 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::JP::H2Z, Encode::JP::H2Z -- internally used by
12274 Encode::JP::2022_JP*
12276 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::JP::JIS7, Encode::JP::JIS7 -- internally used
12279 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::KR::2022_KR, Encode::KR::2022_KR -- internally
12282 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::MIME::Header -- MIME 'B'
12283 and 'Q' header encoding
12299 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::PerlIO, Encode::PerlIO -- a detailed document
12300 on Encode and PerlIO
12306 =item How does it work?
12308 =item Line Buffering
12312 =item How can I tell whether my encoding fully supports PerlIO ?
12320 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Supported, Encode::Supported -- Encodings
12321 supported by Encode
12329 =item Encoding Names
12333 =item Supported Encodings
12337 =item Built-in Encodings
12339 =item Encode::Unicode -- other Unicode encodings
12341 =item Encode::Byte -- Extended ASCII
12343 ISO-8859 and corresponding vendor mappings, KOI8 - De Facto Standard for
12344 the Cyrillic world, gsm0338 - Hentai Latin 1
12346 =item CJK: Chinese, Japanese, Korean (Multibyte)
12348 Encode::CN -- Continental China, Encode::JP -- Japan, Encode::KR -- Korea,
12349 Encode::TW -- Taiwan, Encode::HanExtra -- More Chinese via CPAN,
12350 Encode::JIS2K -- JIS X 0213 encodings via CPAN
12352 =item Miscellaneous encodings
12354 Encode::EBCDIC, Encode::Symbols, Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::Guess
12358 =item Unsupported encodings
12360 ISO-2022-JP-2 [RFC1554], ISO-2022-CN [RFC1922], Various HP-UX encodings,
12361 Cyrillic encoding ISO-IR-111, ISO-8859-8-1 [Hebrew], ISIRI 3342, Iran
12362 System, ISIRI 2900 [Farsi], Thai encoding TCVN, Vietnamese encodings VPS,
12363 Various Mac encodings, (Mac) Indic encodings
12365 =item Encoding vs. Charset -- terminology
12367 =item Encoding Classification (by Anton Tagunov and Dan Kogai)
12371 =item Microsoft-related naming mess
12373 KS_C_5601-1987, GB2312, Big5, Shift_JIS
12379 character repertoire, coded character set (CCS), character encoding scheme
12380 (CES), charset (in MIME context), EUC, ISO-2022, UCS, UCS-2, Unicode, UTF,
12387 ECMA, ECMA-035 (eq C<ISO-2022>), IANA, Assigned Charset Names by IANA, ISO,
12388 RFC, UC, Unicode Glossary
12392 =item Other Notable Sites
12394 czyborra.com, CJK.inf, Jungshik Shin's Hangul FAQ, debian.org:
12395 "Introduction to i18n"
12397 =item Offline sources
12399 C<CJKV Information Processing> by Ken Lunde
12405 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Unicode::UTF7, Encode::Unicode::UTF7 -- UTF-7
12420 =head2 Encode::lib::Encoder, Encode::Encoder -- Object Oriented Encoder
12432 =item Predefined Methods
12434 $e = Encode::Encoder-E<gt>new([$data, $encoding]);, encoder(),
12435 $e-E<gt>data([$data]), $e-E<gt>encoding([$encoding]),
12436 $e-E<gt>bytes([$encoding])
12438 =item Example: base64 transcoder
12440 =item Operator Overloading
12448 =head2 Encodencoding, encoding - allows you to write your script in
12449 non-ascii or non-utf8
12459 =item Literal Conversions
12461 =item PerlIO layers for C<STD(IN|OUT)>
12465 =item FEATURES THAT REQUIRE 5.8.1
12467 "NON-EUC" doublebyte encodings, tr//, DATA pseudo-filehandle
12471 use encoding [I<ENCNAME>] ;, use encoding I<ENCNAME> [ STDIN =E<gt>
12472 I<ENCNAME_IN> ...] ;, use encoding I<ENCNAME> Filter=E<gt>1;, no encoding;
12474 =item The Filter Option
12478 =item Filter-related changes at Encode version 1.87
12488 =item DO NOT MIX MULTIPLE ENCODINGS
12490 =item tr/// with ranges
12492 Legend of characters above
12496 =item EXAMPLE - Greekperl
12498 =item KNOWN PROBLEMS
12500 literals in regex that are longer than 127 bytes, EBCDIC, format
12508 =head2 Encoder, Encode::Encoder -- Object Oriented Encoder
12520 =item Predefined Methods
12522 $e = Encode::Encoder-E<gt>new([$data, $encoding]);, encoder(),
12523 $e-E<gt>data([$data]), $e-E<gt>encoding([$encoding]),
12524 $e-E<gt>bytes([$encoding])
12526 =item Example: base64 transcoder
12528 =item Operator Overloading
12536 =head2 English - use nice English (or awk) names for ugly punctuation
12549 =head2 Env - perl module that imports environment variables as scalars or
12564 =head2 Errno - System errno constants
12580 =head2 Exporter - Implements default import method for modules
12590 =item How to Export
12592 =item Selecting What To Export
12594 =item How to Import
12596 C<use ModuleName;>, C<use ModuleName ();>, C<use ModuleName qw(...);>
12600 =item Advanced features
12604 =item Specialised Import Lists
12606 =item Exporting without using Exporter's import method
12608 =item Module Version Checking
12610 =item Managing Unknown Symbols
12612 =item Tag Handling Utility Functions
12614 =item Generating combined tags
12616 =item C<AUTOLOAD>ed Constants
12622 =head2 Exporter::Heavy - Exporter guts
12632 =head2 ExtUtils::Command - utilities to replace common UNIX commands in
12653 mv source... destination
12655 cp source... destination
12673 =head2 ExtUtils::Command::MM - Commands for the MM's to use in Makefiles
12687 B<warn_if_old_packlist>
12689 B<perllocal_install>
12693 =head2 ExtUtils::Constant - generate XS code to import C header constants
12703 IV, UV, NV, PV, PVN, SV, YES, NO, UNDEF
12711 perl_stringify NAME
12715 memEQ_clause NAME, CHECKED_AT, INDENT
12717 assign INDENT, TYPE, PRE, POST, VALUE..
12721 switch_clause INDENT, NAMELEN, ITEMHASH, ITEM..
12729 C_constant, name, type, value, macro, default, pre, post, def_pre =item
12732 XS_constant PACKAGE, TYPES, SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME
12734 autoload PACKAGE, VERSION, AUTOLOADER
12736 WriteMakefileSnippet
12738 WriteConstants ATTRIBUTE =E<gt> VALUE [, ...], NAME, DEFAULT_TYPE,
12739 BREAKOUT_AT, NAMES, C_FILE, XS_FILE, SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME
12747 =head2 ExtUtils::Embed - Utilities for embedding Perl in C/C++ applications
12759 xsinit(), Examples, ldopts(), Examples, perl_inc(), ccflags(), ccdlflags(),
12760 ccopts(), xsi_header(), xsi_protos(@modules), xsi_body(@modules)
12770 =head2 ExtUtils::Install - install files from here to there
12788 B<install_default> I<DISCOURAGED>
12800 B<PERL_INSTALL_ROOT>
12808 =head2 ExtUtils::Installed - Inventory management of installed modules
12820 new(), modules(), files(), directories(), directory_tree(), validate(),
12821 packlist(), version()
12829 =head2 ExtUtils::Liblist - determine libraries to use and how to use them
12837 For static extensions, For dynamic extensions at build/link time, For
12838 dynamic extensions at load time
12844 =item LDLOADLIBS and LD_RUN_PATH
12854 =item VMS implementation
12856 =item Win32 implementation
12864 =head2 ExtUtils::MM - OS adjusted ExtUtils::MakeMaker subclass
12874 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Any - Platform agnostic MM methods
12882 =item Inherently Cross-Platform Methods
12890 =item File::Spec wrappers
12898 =item Thought To Be Cross-Platform Methods
12914 makemakerdflt_target
12932 metafile_addtomanifest_target
12936 =item Abstract methods
12938 oneliner, B<quote_literal>, B<escape_newlines>, max_exec_len,
12939 B<init_others>, init_DIRFILESEP, init_linker, init_platform,
12952 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_BeOS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
12953 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
12967 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
12968 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
12982 replace_manpage_separator (o)
12986 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_DOS - DOS specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix
12996 =item Overridden methods
13004 B<replace_manpage_separator>
13014 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_MacOS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
13015 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
13037 init_platform, platform_constants
13043 special_targets (o)
13053 clean_subdirs_target
13057 realclean_subdirs_target
13065 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_NW5 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
13066 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
13078 init_platform (o), platform_constants
13086 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_OS2 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
13087 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
13105 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_UWIN - U/WIN specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix
13115 =item Overridden methods
13123 B<replace_manpage_separator>
13133 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Unix - methods used by ExtUtils::MakeMaker
13159 clean_subdirs_target
13219 =item Methods to actually produce chunks of text for the Makefile
13249 init_platform (o), platform_constants (o)
13293 post_initialize (o)
13307 realclean_subdirs_target
13309 replace_manpage_separator
13331 test_via_harness (override)
13333 test_via_script (override)
13357 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_VMS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
13358 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
13368 =item Methods always loaded
13380 guess_name (override)
13384 find_perl (override)
13386 maybe_command (override)
13388 perl_script (override)
13390 replace_manpage_separator
13394 init_main (override)
13396 init_others (override)
13398 init_platform (override)
13402 init_VERSION (override)
13404 constants (override)
13410 const_cccmd (override)
13412 tool_sxubpp (override)
13414 xsubpp_version (override)
13416 tools_other (override)
13418 init_dist (override)
13428 dynamic_lib (override)
13430 dynamic_bs (override)
13432 static_lib (override)
13434 processPL (override)
13436 installbin (override)
13438 subdir_x (override)
13442 clean_subdirs_target
13444 realclean (override)
13446 zipfile_target (o), tarfile_target (o), shdist_target (o)
13448 dist_test (override)
13452 perldepend (override)
13454 makefile (override)
13456 find_tests (override)
13460 makeaperl (override)
13462 nicetext (override)
13464 prefixify (override)
13484 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Win32 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
13485 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
13497 =item Overridden methods
13503 replace_manpage_separator
13513 init_platform (o), platform_constants (o)
13515 special_targets (o)
13537 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Win95 - method to customize MakeMaker for Win9X
13547 =item Overriden methods
13563 clean_subdirs_target
13565 realclean_subdirs_target
13577 =head2 ExtUtils::MY - ExtUtils::MakeMaker subclass for customization
13587 =head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker - Create a module Makefile
13597 =item How To Write A Makefile.PL
13599 =item Default Makefile Behaviour
13607 =item PREFIX and LIB attribute
13611 =item Static Linking of a new Perl Binary
13613 =item Determination of Perl Library and Installation Locations
13615 =item Which architecture dependent directory?
13617 =item Using Attributes and Parameters
13619 ABSTRACT, ABSTRACT_FROM, AUTHOR, BINARY_LOCATION, C, CCFLAGS, CONFIG,
13620 CONFIGURE, DEFINE, DESTDIR, DIR, DISTNAME, DISTVNAME, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS,
13621 EXCLUDE_EXT, EXE_FILES, FIRST_MAKEFILE, FULLPERL, FULLPERLRUN,
13622 FULLPERLRUNINST, FUNCLIST, H, IMPORTS, INC, INCLUDE_EXT, INSTALLARCHLIB,
13623 INSTALLBIN, INSTALLDIRS, INSTALLMAN1DIR, INSTALLMAN3DIR, INSTALLPRIVLIB,
13624 INSTALLSCRIPT, INSTALLSITEARCH, INSTALLSITEBIN, INSTALLSITELIB,
13625 INSTALLSITEMAN1DIR, INSTALLSITEMAN3DIR, INSTALLVENDORARCH,
13626 INSTALLVENDORBIN, INSTALLVENDORLIB, INSTALLVENDORMAN1DIR,
13627 INSTALLVENDORMAN3DIR, INST_ARCHLIB, INST_BIN, INST_LIB, INST_MAN1DIR,
13628 INST_MAN3DIR, INST_SCRIPT, LD, LDDLFLAGS, LDFROM, LIB, LIBPERL_A, LIBS,
13629 LINKTYPE, MAKEAPERL, MAKEFILE_OLD, MAN1PODS, MAN3PODS, MAP_TARGET,
13630 MYEXTLIB, NAME, NEEDS_LINKING, NOECHO, NORECURS, NO_VC, OBJECT, OPTIMIZE,
13631 PERL, PERL_CORE, PERLMAINCC, PERL_ARCHLIB, PERL_LIB, PERL_MALLOC_OK,
13632 PERLPREFIX, PERLRUN, PERLRUNINST, PERL_SRC, PERM_RW, PERM_RWX, PL_FILES,
13633 PM, PMLIBDIRS, PM_FILTER, POLLUTE, PPM_INSTALL_EXEC, PPM_INSTALL_SCRIPT,
13634 PREFIX, PREREQ_FATAL, PREREQ_PM, PREREQ_PRINT, PRINT_PREREQ, SITEPREFIX,
13635 SKIP, TYPEMAPS, VENDORPREFIX, VERBINST, VERSION, VERSION_FROM, VERSION_SYM,
13636 XS, XSOPT, XSPROTOARG, XS_VERSION
13638 =item Additional lowercase attributes
13640 clean, depend, dist, dynamic_lib, linkext, macro, realclean, test,
13643 =item Overriding MakeMaker Methods
13645 =item The End Of Cargo Cult Programming
13647 C<<MAN3PODS => ' '>>
13649 =item Hintsfile support
13651 =item Distribution Support
13653 make distcheck, make skipcheck, make distclean, make manifest,
13654 make distdir, make disttest, make tardist, make dist, make
13655 uutardist, make shdist, make zipdist, make ci
13657 =item Disabling an extension
13659 =item Other Handy Functions
13667 PERL_MM_OPT, PERL_MM_USE_DEFAULT
13677 =head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::FAQ - Frequently Asked Questions About
13686 =item Philosophy and History
13688 Why not just use <insert other build config tool here>?, What's
13689 Module::Build and how does it relate to MakeMaker?, pure perl. no make, no
13690 shell commands, easier to customize, cleaner internals, less cruft
13692 =item Module Writing
13694 How do I keep my $VERSION up to date without resetting it manually?
13698 How to I prevent "object version X.XX does not match bootstrap parameter
13699 Y.YY" errors?, How do I make two or more XS files coexist in the same
13712 =head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Tutorial - Writing a module with MakeMaker
13726 Makefile.PL, MANIFEST, lib/, t/, Changes, README, INSTALL, MANIFEST.SKIP,
13735 =head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::bytes - Version agnostic bytes.pm
13745 =head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::vmsish - Platform agnostic vmsish.pm
13755 =head2 ExtUtils::Manifest - utilities to write and check a MANIFEST file
13793 =item MANIFEST.SKIP
13797 =item GLOBAL VARIABLES
13805 C<Not in MANIFEST:> I<file>, C<Skipping> I<file>, C<No such file:> I<file>,
13806 C<MANIFEST:> I<$!>, C<Added to MANIFEST:> I<file>
13810 B<PERL_MM_MANIFEST_DEBUG>
13818 =head2 ExtUtils::Miniperl, writemain - write the C code for perlmain.c
13830 =head2 ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap - make a bootstrap file for use by DynaLoader
13840 =head2 ExtUtils::Mksymlists - write linker options files for dynamic
13849 DLBASE, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, FILE, FUNCLIST, IMPORTS, NAME
13857 =head2 ExtUtils::Packlist - manage .packlist files
13869 new(), read(), write(), validate(), packlist_file()
13877 =head2 ExtUtils::testlib - add blib/* directories to @INC
13887 =head2 Fatal - replace functions with equivalents which succeed or die
13899 =head2 Fcntl - load the C Fcntl.h defines
13909 =item EXPORTED SYMBOLS
13913 =head2 File::Basename, fileparse - split a pathname into pieces
13921 fileparse_set_fstype, fileparse
13925 C<basename>, C<dirname>
13929 =head2 File::CheckTree, validate - run many filetest checks on a tree
13943 =head2 File::Compare - Compare files or filehandles
13957 =head2 File::Copy - Copy files or filehandles
13967 =item Special behaviour if C<syscopy> is defined (OS/2, VMS and Win32)
13969 rmscopy($from,$to[,$date_flag])
13981 =head2 File::DosGlob - DOS like globbing and then some
13991 =item EXPORTS (by request only)
14003 =head2 File::Find - Traverse a directory tree.
14011 B<find>, B<finddepth>
14017 C<wanted>, C<bydepth>, C<preprocess>, C<postprocess>, C<follow>,
14018 C<follow_fast>, C<follow_skip>, C<dangling_symlinks>, C<no_chdir>,
14019 C<untaint>, C<untaint_pattern>, C<untaint_skip>
14021 =item The wanted function
14023 C<$File::Find::dir> is the current directory name,, C<$_> is the current
14024 filename within that directory, C<$File::Find::name> is the complete
14025 pathname to the file
14033 $dont_use_nlink, symlinks
14041 =head2 File::Glob - Perl extension for BSD glob routine
14049 C<GLOB_ERR>, C<GLOB_LIMIT>, C<GLOB_MARK>, C<GLOB_NOCASE>, C<GLOB_NOCHECK>,
14050 C<GLOB_NOSORT>, C<GLOB_BRACE>, C<GLOB_NOMAGIC>, C<GLOB_QUOTE>,
14051 C<GLOB_TILDE>, C<GLOB_CSH>, C<GLOB_ALPHASORT>
14055 C<GLOB_NOSPACE>, C<GLOB_ABEND>
14063 =head2 File::Path - create or remove directory trees
14077 =head2 File::Spec - portably perform operations on file names
14087 canonpath, catdir, catfile, curdir, devnull, rootdir, tmpdir, updir,
14088 no_upwards, case_tolerant, file_name_is_absolute, path, join, splitpath,
14089 splitdir, catpath(), abs2rel, rel2abs()
14097 =head2 File::Spec::Cygwin - methods for Cygwin file specs
14109 file_name_is_absolute
14113 =head2 File::Spec::Epoc - methods for Epoc file specs
14131 =head2 File::Spec::Functions - portably perform operations on file names
14149 =head2 File::Spec::Mac - File::Spec for Mac OS (Classic)
14177 file_name_is_absolute
14209 =head2 File::Spec::OS2 - methods for OS/2 file specs
14219 =head2 File::Spec::Unix - File::Spec for Unix, base for other File::Spec
14252 file_name_is_absolute
14274 =head2 File::Spec::VMS - methods for VMS file specs
14290 =item Methods always loaded
14292 canonpath (override)
14310 case_tolerant (override)
14314 file_name_is_absolute (override)
14316 splitpath (override)
14318 splitdir (override)
14332 =head2 File::Spec::Win32 - methods for Win32 file specs
14358 =item Note For File::Spec::Win32 Maintainers
14368 =head2 File::Temp - return name and handle of a temporary file safely
14392 =item MKTEMP FUNCTIONS
14406 =item POSIX FUNCTIONS
14416 =item ADDITIONAL FUNCTIONS
14424 =item UTILITY FUNCTIONS
14432 =item PACKAGE VARIABLES
14434 B<safe_level>, STANDARD, MEDIUM, HIGH
14446 =item Temporary files and NFS
14458 =head2 File::stat - by-name interface to Perl's built-in stat() functions
14474 =head2 FileCache - keep more files open than the system permits
14482 cacheout EXPR, cacheout MODE, EXPR
14490 =head2 FileHandle - supply object methods for filehandles
14498 $fh->print, $fh->printf, $fh->getline, $fh->getlines
14504 =head2 Filter::Simple - Simplified source filtering
14518 =item Disabling or changing <no> behaviour
14520 =item All-in-one interface
14522 =item Filtering only specific components of source code
14524 C<"code">, C<"executable">, C<"quotelike">, C<"string">, C<"regex">,
14527 =item Filtering only the code parts of source code
14529 Most source code ceases to be grammatically correct when it is broken up
14530 into the pieces between string literals and regexes. So the C<'code'>
14531 component filter behaves slightly differently from the other partial
14533 described in the previous section.
14535 =item Using Filter::Simple with an explicit C<import> subroutine
14537 =item Using Filter::Simple and Exporter together
14549 =head2 Filter::Util::Call - Perl Source Filter Utility Module
14559 =item B<use Filter::Util::Call>
14563 =item B<filter() and anonymous sub>
14565 B<$_>, B<$status>, B<filter_read> and B<filter_read_exact>, B<filter_del>
14573 =item Example 1: A simple filter.
14575 =item Example 2: Using the context
14577 =item Example 3: Using the context within the filter
14579 =item Example 4: Using filter_del
14583 =item Filter::Simple
14591 =head2 FindBin - Locate directory of original perl script
14599 =item EXPORTABLE VARIABLES
14611 =head2 GDBM_File - Perl5 access to the gdbm library.
14627 =head2 Getopt::Long - Extended processing of command line options
14635 =item Command Line Options, an Introduction
14637 =item Getting Started with Getopt::Long
14641 =item Simple options
14643 =item A little bit less simple options
14645 =item Mixing command line option with other arguments
14647 =item Options with values
14649 =item Options with multiple values
14651 =item Options with hash values
14653 =item User-defined subroutines to handle options
14655 =item Options with multiple names
14657 =item Case and abbreviations
14659 =item Summary of Option Specifications
14661 !, +, s, i, o, f, : I<type> [ I<desttype> ], : I<number> [ I<desttype> ], :
14666 =item Advanced Possibilities
14670 =item Object oriented interface
14672 =item Thread Safety
14674 =item Documentation and help texts
14676 =item Storing options in a hash
14680 =item The lonesome dash
14682 =item Argument callback
14686 =item Configuring Getopt::Long
14688 default, posix_default, auto_abbrev, getopt_compat, gnu_compat, gnu_getopt,
14689 require_order, permute, bundling (default: disabled), bundling_override
14690 (default: disabled), ignore_case (default: enabled), ignore_case_always
14691 (default: disabled), auto_version (default:disabled), auto_help
14692 (default:disabled), pass_through (default: disabled), prefix,
14693 prefix_pattern, debug (default: disabled)
14695 =item Exportable Methods
14697 VersionMessage, C<-message>, C<-msg>, C<-exitval>, C<-output>, HelpMessage
14699 =item Return values and Errors
14705 =item Default destinations
14707 =item Alternative option starters
14709 =item Configuration variables
14713 =item Trouble Shooting
14717 =item Warning: Ignoring '!' modifier for short option
14719 =item GetOptions does not return a false result when an option is not
14722 =item GetOptions does not split the command line correctly
14724 =item Undefined subroutine &main::GetOptions called
14726 =item How do I put a "-?" option into a Getopt::Long?
14732 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER
14736 =head2 Getopt::Std, getopt - Process single-character switches with switch
14745 =item C<--help> and C<--version>
14749 =head2 Hash::Util - A selection of general-utility hash subroutines
14759 =item Restricted hashes
14761 lock_keys, unlock_keys
14767 lock_value, unlock_value
14769 B<lock_hash>, B<unlock_hash>
14781 =head2 I18N::Collate - compare 8-bit scalar data according to the current
14792 =head2 I18N::LangTags - functions for dealing with RFC3066-style language
14803 the function is_language_tag($lang1)
14805 the function extract_language_tags($whatever)
14807 the function same_language_tag($lang1, $lang2)
14809 the function similarity_language_tag($lang1, $lang2)
14811 the function is_dialect_of($lang1, $lang2)
14813 the function super_languages($lang1)
14815 the function locale2language_tag($locale_identifier)
14817 the function encode_language_tag($lang1)
14819 the function alternate_language_tags($lang1)
14821 the function @langs = panic_languages(@accept_languages)
14825 =item ABOUT LOWERCASING
14827 =item ABOUT UNICODE PLAINTEXT LANGUAGE TAGS
14837 =head2 I18N::LangTags::List -- tags and names for human languages
14845 =item ABOUT LANGUAGE TAGS
14847 =item LIST OF LANGUAGES
14849 {ab} : Abkhazian, {ace} : Achinese, {ach} : Acoli, {ada} : Adangme, {aa} :
14850 Afar, {afh} : Afrihili, {af} : Afrikaans, [{afa} : Afro-Asiatic (Other)],
14851 {aka} : Akan, {akk} : Akkadian, {sq} : Albanian, {ale} : Aleut, [{alg} :
14852 Algonquian languages], [{tut} : Altaic (Other)], {am} : Amharic, {i-ami} :
14853 Ami, [{apa} : Apache languages], {ar} : Arabic, {arc} : Aramaic, {arp} :
14854 Arapaho, {arn} : Araucanian, {arw} : Arawak, {hy} : Armenian, [{art} :
14855 Artificial (Other)], {as} : Assamese, [{ath} : Athapascan languages],
14856 [{aus} : Australian languages], [{map} : Austronesian (Other)], {ava} :
14857 Avaric, {ae} : Avestan, {awa} : Awadhi, {ay} : Aymara, {az} : Azerbaijani,
14858 {ban} : Balinese, [{bat} : Baltic (Other)], {bal} : Baluchi, {bam} :
14859 Bambara, [{bai} : Bamileke languages], {bad} : Banda, [{bnt} : Bantu
14860 (Other)], {bas} : Basa, {ba} : Bashkir, {eu} : Basque, {btk} : Batak
14861 (Indonesia), {bej} : Beja, {be} : Belarusian, {bem} : Bemba, {bn} :
14862 Bengali, [{ber} : Berber (Other)], {bho} : Bhojpuri, {bh} : Bihari, {bik} :
14863 Bikol, {bin} : Bini, {bi} : Bislama, {bs} : Bosnian, {bra} : Braj, {br} :
14864 Breton, {bug} : Buginese, {bg} : Bulgarian, {i-bnn} : Bunun, {bua} :
14865 Buriat, {my} : Burmese, {cad} : Caddo, {car} : Carib, {ca} : Catalan,
14866 [{cau} : Caucasian (Other)], {ceb} : Cebuano, [{cel} : Celtic (Other)],
14867 [{cai} : Central American Indian (Other)], {chg} : Chagatai, [{cmc} :
14868 Chamic languages], {ch} : Chamorro, {ce} : Chechen, {chr} : Cherokee, {chy}
14869 : Cheyenne, {chb} : Chibcha, {ny} : Chichewa, {zh} : Chinese, {chn} :
14870 Chinook Jargon, {chp} : Chipewyan, {cho} : Choctaw, {cu} : Church Slavic,
14871 {chk} : Chuukese, {cv} : Chuvash, {cop} : Coptic, {kw} : Cornish, {co} :
14872 Corsican, {cre} : Cree, {mus} : Creek, [{cpe} : English-based Creoles and
14873 pidgins (Other)], [{cpf} : French-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)],
14874 [{cpp} : Portuguese-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{crp} : Creoles
14875 and pidgins (Other)], {hr} : Croatian, [{cus} : Cushitic (Other)], {cs} :
14876 Czech, {dak} : Dakota, {da} : Danish, {day} : Dayak, {i-default} : Default
14877 (Fallthru) Language, {del} : Delaware, {din} : Dinka, {div} : Divehi, {doi}
14878 : Dogri, {dgr} : Dogrib, [{dra} : Dravidian (Other)], {dua} : Duala, {nl} :
14879 Dutch, {dum} : Middle Dutch (ca.1050-1350), {dyu} : Dyula, {dz} : Dzongkha,
14880 {efi} : Efik, {egy} : Ancient Egyptian, {eka} : Ekajuk, {elx} : Elamite,
14881 {en} : English, {enm} : Old English (1100-1500), {ang} : Old English
14882 (ca.450-1100), {eo} : Esperanto, {et} : Estonian, {ewe} : Ewe, {ewo} :
14883 Ewondo, {fan} : Fang, {fat} : Fanti, {fo} : Faroese, {fj} : Fijian, {fi} :
14884 Finnish, [{fiu} : Finno-Ugrian (Other)], {fon} : Fon, {fr} : French, {frm}
14885 : Middle French (ca.1400-1600), {fro} : Old French (842-ca.1400), {fy} :
14886 Frisian, {fur} : Friulian, {ful} : Fulah, {gaa} : Ga, {gd} : Scots Gaelic,
14887 {gl} : Gallegan, {lug} : Ganda, {gay} : Gayo, {gba} : Gbaya, {gez} : Geez,
14888 {ka} : Georgian, {de} : German, {gmh} : Middle High German (ca.1050-1500),
14889 {goh} : Old High German (ca.750-1050), [{gem} : Germanic (Other)], {gil} :
14890 Gilbertese, {gon} : Gondi, {gor} : Gorontalo, {got} : Gothic, {grb} :
14891 Grebo, {grc} : Ancient Greek, {el} : Modern Greek, {gn} : Guarani, {gu} :
14892 Gujarati, {gwi} : Gwich'in, {hai} : Haida, {ha} : Hausa, {haw} : Hawaiian,
14893 {he} : Hebrew, {hz} : Herero, {hil} : Hiligaynon, {him} : Himachali, {hi} :
14894 Hindi, {ho} : Hiri Motu, {hit} : Hittite, {hmn} : Hmong, {hu} : Hungarian,
14895 {hup} : Hupa, {iba} : Iban, {is} : Icelandic, {ibo} : Igbo, {ijo} : Ijo,
14896 {ilo} : Iloko, [{inc} : Indic (Other)], [{ine} : Indo-European (Other)],
14897 {id} : Indonesian, {ia} : Interlingua (International Auxiliary Language
14898 Association), {ie} : Interlingue, {iu} : Inuktitut, {ik} : Inupiaq, [{ira}
14899 : Iranian (Other)], {ga} : Irish, {mga} : Middle Irish (900-1200), {sga} :
14900 Old Irish (to 900), [{iro} : Iroquoian languages], {it} : Italian, {ja} :
14901 Japanese, {jw} : Javanese, {jrb} : Judeo-Arabic, {jpr} : Judeo-Persian,
14902 {kab} : Kabyle, {kac} : Kachin, {kl} : Kalaallisut, {kam} : Kamba, {kn} :
14903 Kannada, {kau} : Kanuri, {kaa} : Kara-Kalpak, {kar} : Karen, {ks} :
14904 Kashmiri, {kaw} : Kawi, {kk} : Kazakh, {kha} : Khasi, {km} : Khmer, [{khi}
14905 : Khoisan (Other)], {kho} : Khotanese, {ki} : Kikuyu, {kmb} : Kimbundu,
14906 {rw} : Kinyarwanda, {ky} : Kirghiz, {i-klingon} : Klingon, {kv} : Komi,
14907 {kon} : Kongo, {kok} : Konkani, {ko} : Korean, {kos} : Kosraean, {kpe} :
14908 Kpelle, {kro} : Kru, {kj} : Kuanyama, {kum} : Kumyk, {ku} : Kurdish, {kru}
14909 : Kurukh, {kut} : Kutenai, {lad} : Ladino, {lah} : Lahnda, {lam} : Lamba,
14910 {lo} : Lao, {la} : Latin, {lv} : Latvian, {lb} : Letzeburgesch, {lez} :
14911 Lezghian, {ln} : Lingala, {lt} : Lithuanian, {nds} : Low German, {loz} :
14912 Lozi, {lub} : Luba-Katanga, {lua} : Luba-Lulua, {lui} : Luiseno, {lun} :
14913 Lunda, {luo} : Luo (Kenya and Tanzania), {lus} : Lushai, {mk} : Macedonian,
14914 {mad} : Madurese, {mag} : Magahi, {mai} : Maithili, {mak} : Makasar, {mg} :
14915 Malagasy, {ms} : Malay, {ml} : Malayalam, {mt} : Maltese, {mnc} : Manchu,
14916 {mdr} : Mandar, {man} : Mandingo, {mni} : Manipuri, [{mno} : Manobo
14917 languages], {gv} : Manx, {mi} : Maori, {mr} : Marathi, {chm} : Mari, {mh} :
14918 Marshall, {mwr} : Marwari, {mas} : Masai, [{myn} : Mayan languages], {men}
14919 : Mende, {mic} : Micmac, {min} : Minangkabau, {i-mingo} : Mingo, [{mis} :
14920 Miscellaneous languages], {moh} : Mohawk, {mo} : Moldavian, [{mkh} :
14921 Mon-Khmer (Other)], {lol} : Mongo, {mn} : Mongolian, {mos} : Mossi, [{mul}
14922 : Multiple languages], [{mun} : Munda languages], {nah} : Nahuatl, {na} :
14923 Nauru, {nv} : Navajo, {nd} : North Ndebele, {nr} : South Ndebele, {ng} :
14924 Ndonga, {ne} : Nepali, {new} : Newari, {nia} : Nias, [{nic} :
14925 Niger-Kordofanian (Other)], [{ssa} : Nilo-Saharan (Other)], {niu} : Niuean,
14926 {non} : Old Norse, [{nai} : North American Indian], {se} : Northern Sami,
14927 {no} : Norwegian, {nb} : Norwegian Bokmal, {nn} : Norwegian Nynorsk, [{nub}
14928 : Nubian languages], {nym} : Nyamwezi, {nyn} : Nyankole, {nyo} : Nyoro,
14929 {nzi} : Nzima, {oc} : Occitan (post 1500), {oji} : Ojibwa, {or} : Oriya,
14930 {om} : Oromo, {osa} : Osage, {os} : Ossetian; Ossetic, [{oto} : Otomian
14931 languages], {pal} : Pahlavi, {i-pwn} : Paiwan, {pau} : Palauan, {pi} :
14932 Pali, {pam} : Pampanga, {pag} : Pangasinan, {pa} : Panjabi, {pap} :
14933 Papiamento, [{paa} : Papuan (Other)], {fa} : Persian, {peo} : Old Persian
14934 (ca.600-400 B.C.), [{phi} : Philippine (Other)], {phn} : Phoenician, {pon}
14935 : Pohnpeian, {pl} : Polish, {pt} : Portuguese, [{pra} : Prakrit languages],
14936 {pro} : Old Provencal (to 1500), {ps} : Pushto, {qu} : Quechua, {rm} :
14937 Raeto-Romance, {raj} : Rajasthani, {rap} : Rapanui, {rar} : Rarotongan,
14938 [{qaa - qtz} : Reserved for local use.], [{roa} : Romance (Other)], {ro} :
14939 Romanian, {rom} : Romany, {rn} : Rundi, {ru} : Russian, [{sal} : Salishan
14940 languages], {sam} : Samaritan Aramaic, [{smi} : Sami languages (Other)],
14941 {sm} : Samoan, {sad} : Sandawe, {sg} : Sango, {sa} : Sanskrit, {sat} :
14942 Santali, {sc} : Sardinian, {sas} : Sasak, {sco} : Scots, {sel} : Selkup,
14943 [{sem} : Semitic (Other)], {sr} : Serbian, {srr} : Serer, {shn} : Shan,
14944 {sn} : Shona, {sid} : Sidamo, {sgn-...} : Sign Languages, {bla} : Siksika,
14945 {sd} : Sindhi, {si} : Sinhalese, [{sit} : Sino-Tibetan (Other)], [{sio} :
14946 Siouan languages], {den} : Slave (Athapascan), [{sla} : Slavic (Other)],
14947 {sk} : Slovak, {sl} : Slovenian, {sog} : Sogdian, {so} : Somali, {son} :
14948 Songhai, {snk} : Soninke, {wen} : Sorbian languages, {nso} : Northern
14949 Sotho, {st} : Southern Sotho, [{sai} : South American Indian (Other)], {es}
14950 : Spanish, {suk} : Sukuma, {sux} : Sumerian, {su} : Sundanese, {sus} :
14951 Susu, {sw} : Swahili, {ss} : Swati, {sv} : Swedish, {syr} : Syriac, {tl} :
14952 Tagalog, {ty} : Tahitian, [{tai} : Tai (Other)], {tg} : Tajik, {tmh} :
14953 Tamashek, {ta} : Tamil, {i-tao} : Tao, {tt} : Tatar, {i-tay} : Tayal, {te}
14954 : Telugu, {ter} : Tereno, {tet} : Tetum, {th} : Thai, {bo} : Tibetan, {tig}
14955 : Tigre, {ti} : Tigrinya, {tem} : Timne, {tiv} : Tiv, {tli} : Tlingit,
14956 {tpi} : Tok Pisin, {tkl} : Tokelau, {tog} : Tonga (Nyasa), {to} : Tonga
14957 (Tonga Islands), {tsi} : Tsimshian, {ts} : Tsonga, {i-tsu} : Tsou, {tn} :
14958 Tswana, {tum} : Tumbuka, {tr} : Turkish, {ota} : Ottoman Turkish
14959 (1500-1928), {tk} : Turkmen, {tvl} : Tuvalu, {tyv} : Tuvinian, {tw} : Twi,
14960 {uga} : Ugaritic, {ug} : Uighur, {uk} : Ukrainian, {umb} : Umbundu, {und} :
14961 Undetermined, {ur} : Urdu, {uz} : Uzbek, {vai} : Vai, {ven} : Venda, {vi} :
14962 Vietnamese, {vo} : Volapuk, {vot} : Votic, [{wak} : Wakashan languages],
14963 {wal} : Walamo, {war} : Waray, {was} : Washo, {cy} : Welsh, {wo} : Wolof,
14964 {x-...} : Unregistered (Semi-Private Use), {xh} : Xhosa, {sah} : Yakut,
14965 {yao} : Yao, {yap} : Yapese, {yi} : Yiddish, {yo} : Yoruba, [{ypk} : Yupik
14966 languages], {znd} : Zande, [{zap} : Zapotec], {zen} : Zenaga, {za} :
14967 Zhuang, {zu} : Zulu, {zun} : Zuni
14971 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER
14977 =head2 I18N::Langinfo - query locale information
14995 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
14999 =head2 IO - load various IO modules
15011 =head2 IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory handles
15019 new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (),
15020 rewind (), close (), tie %hash, IO::Dir, DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ]
15030 =head2 IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles
15040 new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile
15044 open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] )
15052 =head2 IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O handles
15062 new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE )
15066 $io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines,
15067 $io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ), $io->error,
15068 $io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush ( ARGS ),
15069 $io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint
15081 =head2 IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes
15091 new ( [READER, WRITER] )
15095 reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles ()
15105 =head2 IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call
15115 mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ), remove (
15116 IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] )
15126 =head2 IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for I/O objects
15134 $io->getpos, $io->setpos, $io->seek ( POS, WHENCE ), WHENCE=0 (SEEK_SET),
15135 WHENCE=1 (SEEK_CUR), WHENCE=2 (SEEK_END), $io->sysseek( POS, WHENCE ),
15144 =head2 IO::Select - OO interface to the select system call
15154 new ( [ HANDLES ] )
15158 add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read (
15159 [ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ),
15160 count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, EXCEPTION [, TIMEOUT ] )
15170 =head2 IO::Socket - Object interface to socket communications
15184 accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), atmark, connected,
15185 protocol, sockdomain, sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), socktype, timeout([VAL])
15195 =head2 IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for AF_INET domain sockets
15211 sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost
15224 =head2 IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for AF_UNIX domain sockets
15238 hostpath(), peerpath()
15248 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Dir, IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory
15257 new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (),
15258 rewind (), close (), tie %hash, IO::Dir, DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ]
15268 =head2 IO::lib::IO::File, IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles
15278 new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile
15282 open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] )
15290 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Handle, IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O
15301 new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE )
15305 $io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines,
15306 $io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ), $io->error,
15307 $io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush ( ARGS ),
15308 $io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint
15320 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Pipe, IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes
15330 new ( [READER, WRITER] )
15334 reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles ()
15344 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Poll, IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call
15354 mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ), remove (
15355 IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] )
15365 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Seekable, IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for
15374 $io->getpos, $io->setpos, $io->seek ( POS, WHENCE ), WHENCE=0 (SEEK_SET),
15375 WHENCE=1 (SEEK_CUR), WHENCE=2 (SEEK_END), $io->sysseek( POS, WHENCE ),
15384 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Select, IO::Select - OO interface to the select system
15395 new ( [ HANDLES ] )
15399 add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read (
15400 [ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ),
15401 count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, EXCEPTION [, TIMEOUT ] )
15411 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket, IO::Socket - Object interface to socket
15426 accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), atmark, connected,
15427 protocol, sockdomain, sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), socktype, timeout([VAL])
15437 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket::INET, IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for
15438 AF_INET domain sockets
15454 sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost
15467 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket::UNIX, IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for
15468 AF_UNIX domain sockets
15482 hostpath(), peerpath()
15492 =head2 IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class
15502 new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set
15503 ( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [,
15514 =head2 IPC::Open2, open2 - open a process for both reading and writing
15528 =head2 IPC::Open3, open3 - open a process for reading, writing, and error
15541 =head2 IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object class
15551 new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ),
15552 getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ),
15553 set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N
15564 =head2 IPC::SysV - SysV IPC constants
15582 =head2 IPC::SysV::Msg, IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class
15592 new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set
15593 ( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [,
15604 =head2 IPC::SysV::Semaphore, IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object
15615 new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ),
15616 getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ),
15617 set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N
15628 =head2 List::Util - A selection of general-utility list subroutines
15636 first BLOCK LIST, max LIST, maxstr LIST, min LIST, minstr LIST, reduce
15637 BLOCK LIST, shuffle LIST, sum LIST
15641 =item SUGGESTED ADDITIONS
15647 =head2 List::Utilib::List::Util, List::Util - A selection of
15648 general-utility list subroutines
15656 first BLOCK LIST, max LIST, maxstr LIST, min LIST, minstr LIST, reduce
15657 BLOCK LIST, shuffle LIST, sum LIST
15661 =item SUGGESTED ADDITIONS
15667 =head2 List::Utilib::Scalar::Util, Scalar::Util - A selection of
15668 general-utility scalar subroutines
15676 blessed EXPR, dualvar NUM, STRING, isvstring EXPR, isweak EXPR,
15677 looks_like_number EXPR, openhandle FH, refaddr EXPR, reftype EXPR,
15678 set_prototype CODEREF, PROTOTYPE, tainted EXPR, weaken REF
15688 =head2 Locale::Constants - constants for Locale codes
15696 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
15700 Locale::Language, Locale::Country, Locale::Script, Locale::Currency
15708 =head2 Locale::Country - ISO codes for country identification (ISO 3166)
15716 B<alpha-2>, B<alpha-3>, B<numeric>
15718 =item CONVERSION ROUTINES
15720 code2country( CODE, [ CODESET ] ), country2code( STRING, [ CODESET ] ),
15721 country_code2code( CODE, CODESET, CODESET )
15723 =item QUERY ROUTINES
15725 C<all_country_codes( [ CODESET ] )>, C<all_country_names( [ CODESET ] )>
15727 =item SEMI-PRIVATE ROUTINES
15733 =item rename_country
15741 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
15745 Locale::Language, Locale::Script, Locale::Currency, Locale::SubCountry, ISO
15746 3166-1, http://www.iso.org/iso/en/prods-services/iso3166ma/index.html,
15747 http://www.egt.ie/standards/iso3166/iso3166-1-en.html,
15748 http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/docs/app-d-1.html
15756 =head2 Locale::Currency - ISO three letter codes for currency
15757 identification (ISO 4217)
15767 =item CONVERSION ROUTINES
15769 code2currency(), currency2code()
15771 =item QUERY ROUTINES
15773 C<all_currency_codes()>, C<all_currency_names()>
15777 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
15781 Locale::Country, Locale::Script, ISO 4217:1995,
15782 http://www.bsi-global.com/iso4217currency
15790 =head2 Locale::Language - ISO two letter codes for language identification
15799 =item CONVERSION ROUTINES
15801 code2language(), language2code()
15803 =item QUERY ROUTINES
15805 C<all_language_codes()>, C<all_language_names()>
15809 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
15813 Locale::Country, Locale::Script, Locale::Currency, ISO 639:1988 (E/F),
15814 http://lcweb.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/langhome.html
15822 =head2 Locale::Maketext - framework for localization
15830 =item QUICK OVERVIEW
15836 =item Construction Methods
15838 =item The "maketext" Method
15840 $lh->fail_with I<or> $lh->fail_with(I<PARAM>), $lh->failure_handler_auto
15842 =item Utility Methods
15844 $language->quant($number, $singular), $language->quant($number, $singular,
15845 $plural), $language->quant($number, $singular, $plural, $negative),
15846 $language->numf($number), $language->sprintf($format, @items),
15847 $language->language_tag(), $language->encoding()
15849 =item Language Handle Attributes and Internals
15853 =item LANGUAGE CLASS HIERARCHIES
15855 =item ENTRIES IN EACH LEXICON
15857 =item BRACKET NOTATION
15859 =item AUTO LEXICONS
15861 =item CONTROLLING LOOKUP FAILURE
15863 =item HOW TO USE MAKETEXT
15867 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER
15873 =head2 Locale::Maketext::TPJ13 -- article about software localization
15881 =item Localization and Perl: gettext breaks, Maketext fixes
15885 =item A Localization Horror Story: It Could Happen To You
15887 =item The Linguistic View
15889 =item Breaking gettext
15891 =item Replacing gettext
15893 =item Buzzwords: Abstraction and Encapsulation
15895 =item Buzzword: Isomorphism
15897 =item Buzzword: Inheritance
15899 =item Buzzword: Concision
15901 =item The Devil in the Details
15903 =item The Proof in the Pudding: Localizing Web Sites
15911 =head2 Locale::Script - ISO codes for script identification (ISO 15924)
15919 B<alpha-2>, B<alpha-3>, B<numeric>
15923 =item SPECIAL CODES
15927 =item CONVERSION ROUTINES
15929 code2script( CODE, [ CODESET ] ), script2code( STRING, [ CODESET ] ),
15930 script_code2code( CODE, CODESET, CODESET )
15932 =item QUERY ROUTINES
15934 C<all_script_codes ( [ CODESET ] )>, C<all_script_names ( [ CODESET ] )>
15938 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
15942 Locale::Language, Locale::Currency, Locale::Country, ISO 15924,
15943 http://www.evertype.com/standards/iso15924/
15951 =head2 MIME::Base64 - Encoding and decoding of base64 strings
15959 encode_base64($str), encode_base64($str, $eol);, decode_base64($str)
15963 Premature end of base64 data, Premature padding of base64 data
15971 =head2 MIME::Base64::QuotedPrint, MIME::QuotedPrint - Encoding and decoding
15972 of quoted-printable strings
15980 encode_qp($str), encode_qp($str, $eol), decode_qp($str);
15986 =head2 MIME::QuotedPrint - Encoding and decoding of quoted-printable
15995 encode_qp($str), encode_qp($str, $eol), decode_qp($str);
16001 =head2 Math::BigFloat - Arbitrary size floating point math package
16011 =item Canonical notation
16015 =item C<mantissa()>, C<exponent()> and C<parts()>
16017 =item Accuracy vs. Precision
16021 ffround ( +$scale ), ffround ( -$scale ), ffround ( 0 ), fround ( +$scale
16022 ), fround ( -$scale ) and fround ( 0 )
16030 =item Autocreating constants
16036 =item Using Math::BigInt::Lite
16044 stringify, bstr(), bdiv, Modifying and =, bpow
16052 =head2 Math::BigInt - Arbitrary size integer math package
16060 Canonical notation, Input, Output
16084 =item is_one()/is_zero()/is_nan()/is_inf()
16086 =item is_positive()/is_negative()
16088 $x->is_positive(); # true if >= 0
16089 $x->is_negative(); # true if < 0
16091 =item is_odd()/is_even()/is_int()
16177 =item ACCURACY and PRECISION
16187 =item Rounding mode R
16189 'trunc', 'even', 'odd', '+inf', '-inf', 'zero', Precision, Accuracy
16190 (significant digits), Setting/Accessing, Creating numbers, Usage,
16191 Precedence, Overriding globals, Local settings, Rounding, Default values,
16204 =item mantissa(), exponent() and parts()
16212 =item Autocreating constants
16218 =item Alternative math libraries
16224 =item Subclassing Math::BigInt
16232 bsqrt(), div(), blog()
16238 Out of Memory!, Fails to load Calc on Perl prior 5.6.0
16242 stringify, bstr(), bsstr() and 'cmp', int(), length, bdiv, infinity
16243 handling, Modifying and =, bpow, Overloading -$x, Mixing different object
16244 types, bsqrt(), brsft()
16254 =head2 Math::BigInt::Calc - Pure Perl module to support Math::BigInt
16264 =item WRAP YOUR OWN
16268 This program is free software; you may redistribute it and/or modify it
16270 the same terms as Perl itself.
16278 =head2 Math::BigInt::Scalar - Pure Perl module to test Math::BigInt with
16289 This program is free software; you may redistribute it and/or modify it
16291 the same terms as Perl itself.
16299 =head2 Math::BigRat - arbitrarily big rationales
16321 =item denominator()
16323 $d = $x->denominator();
16333 =item bround()/round()/bfround()
16339 =item is_positive()
16341 =item is_negative()
16359 inf handling (partial), NaN handling (partial), rounding (not implemented
16360 except for bceil/bfloor), $x ** $y where $y is not an integer
16370 =head2 Math::Complex - complex numbers and associated mathematical
16383 =item STRINGIFICATION
16387 =item CHANGED IN PERL 5.6
16393 =item ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO OR LOGARITHM OF ZERO
16395 =item ERRORS DUE TO INDIGESTIBLE ARGUMENTS
16403 =head2 Math::Trig - trigonometric functions
16411 =item TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS
16417 =item ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO
16419 =item SIMPLE (REAL) ARGUMENTS, COMPLEX RESULTS
16423 =item PLANE ANGLE CONVERSIONS
16425 =item RADIAL COORDINATE CONVERSIONS
16429 =item COORDINATE SYSTEMS
16431 =item 3-D ANGLE CONVERSIONS
16433 cartesian_to_cylindrical, cartesian_to_spherical, cylindrical_to_cartesian,
16434 cylindrical_to_spherical, spherical_to_cartesian, spherical_to_cylindrical
16438 =item GREAT CIRCLE DISTANCES AND DIRECTIONS
16444 =item CAVEAT FOR GREAT CIRCLE FORMULAS
16454 =head2 Memoize - Make functions faster by trading space for time
16472 =item C<SCALAR_CACHE>, C<LIST_CACHE>
16474 C<MEMORY>, C<HASH>, C<TIE>, C<FAULT>, C<MERGE>
16478 =item OTHER FACILITIES
16484 =item C<flush_cache>
16490 =item PERSISTENT CACHE SUPPORT
16492 =item EXPIRATION SUPPORT
16500 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
16506 =head2 Memoize::AnyDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for AnyDBM_File for
16515 =head2 Memoize::Expire - Plug-in module for automatic expiration of
16526 TIEHASH, EXISTS, STORE
16538 =head2 Memoize::ExpireFile - test for Memoize expiration semantics
16546 =head2 Memoize::ExpireTest - test for Memoize expiration semantics
16554 =head2 Memoize::NDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for NDBM_File for
16563 =head2 Memoize::SDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for SDBM_File for
16572 =head2 Memoize::Storable - store Memoized data in Storable database
16580 =head2 NDBM_File - Tied access to ndbm files
16588 C<O_RDONLY>, C<O_WRONLY>, C<O_RDWR>
16594 =item C<ndbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...>
16598 =item BUGS AND WARNINGS
16602 =head2 NEXT - Provide a pseudo-class NEXT that allows method redispatch
16612 =item Enforcing redispatch
16614 =item Avoiding repetitions
16620 =item BUGS AND IRRITATIONS
16626 =head2 Net::Cmd - Network Command class (as used by FTP, SMTP etc)
16636 debug ( VALUE ), message (), code (), ok (), status (), datasend ( DATA ),
16639 =item CLASS METHODS
16641 debug_print ( DIR, TEXT ), debug_text ( TEXT ), command ( CMD [, ARGS, ...
16642 ]), unsupported (), response (), parse_response ( TEXT ), getline (),
16643 ungetline ( TEXT ), read_until_dot (), tied_fh ()
16653 =head2 Net::Config - Local configuration data for libnet
16663 requires_firewall HOST
16665 =item NetConfig VALUES
16667 nntp_hosts, snpp_hosts, pop3_hosts, smtp_hosts, ph_hosts, daytime_hosts,
16668 time_hosts, inet_domain, ftp_firewall, ftp_firewall_type, ftp_ext_passive,
16669 ftp_int_pasive, local_netmask, test_hosts, test_exists
16673 =head2 Net::Domain - Attempt to evaluate the current host's internet name
16682 hostfqdn (), hostname (), hostdomain ()
16690 =head2 Net::FTP - FTP Client class
16702 new (HOST [,OPTIONS])
16706 login ([LOGIN [,PASSWORD [, ACCOUNT] ] ]), authorize ( [AUTH [, RESP]]),
16707 site (ARGS), type (TYPE [, ARGS]), ascii ([ARGS]) binary([ARGS])
16708 ebcdic([ARGS]) byte([ARGS]), rename ( OLDNAME, NEWNAME ), delete ( FILENAME
16709 ), cwd ( [ DIR ] ), cdup (), pwd (), restart ( WHERE ), rmdir ( DIR ),
16710 mkdir ( DIR [, RECURSE ]), ls ( [ DIR ] ), dir ( [ DIR ] ), get (
16711 REMOTE_FILE [, LOCAL_FILE [, WHERE]] ), put ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ]
16712 ), put_unique ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] ), append ( LOCAL_FILE [,
16713 REMOTE_FILE ] ), unique_name (), mdtm ( FILE ), size ( FILE ), supported (
16714 CMD ), hash ( [FILEHANDLE_GLOB_REF],[ BYTES_PER_HASH_MARK] ), nlst ( [ DIR
16715 ] ), list ( [ DIR ] ), retr ( FILE ), stor ( FILE ), stou ( FILE ), appe (
16716 FILE ), port ( [ PORT ] ), pasv (), pasv_xfer ( SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER [,
16717 DEST_FILE ] ), pasv_xfer_unique ( SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER [, DEST_FILE ] ),
16718 pasv_wait ( NON_PASV_SERVER ), abort (), quit ()
16722 =item Methods for the adventurous
16728 =item THE dataconn CLASS
16730 read ( BUFFER, SIZE [, TIMEOUT ] ), write ( BUFFER, SIZE [, TIMEOUT ] ),
16731 bytes_read (), abort (), close ()
16733 =item UNIMPLEMENTED
16735 B<ALLO>, B<SMNT>, B<HELP>, B<MODE>, B<SYST>, B<STAT>, B<STRU>, B<REIN>
16737 =item REPORTING BUGS
16745 http://www.csh.rit.edu/~adam/Progs/autoftp-2.0.tar.gz
16753 =head2 Net::NNTP - NNTP Client class
16763 new ( [ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ])
16767 article ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), body ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), head (
16768 [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), articlefh ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), bodyfh ( [
16769 MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), headfh ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), nntpstat ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ]
16770 ), group ( [ GROUP ] ), ihave ( MSGID [, MESSAGE ]), last (), date (),
16771 postok (), authinfo ( USER, PASS ), list (), newgroups ( SINCE [,
16772 DISTRIBUTIONS ]), newnews ( SINCE [, GROUPS [, DISTRIBUTIONS ]]), next (),
16773 post ( [ MESSAGE ] ), postfh (), slave (), quit ()
16777 =item Extension methods
16779 newsgroups ( [ PATTERN ] ), distributions (), subscriptions (),
16780 overview_fmt (), active_times (), active ( [ PATTERN ] ), xgtitle ( PATTERN
16781 ), xhdr ( HEADER, MESSAGE-SPEC ), xover ( MESSAGE-SPEC ), xpath (
16782 MESSAGE-ID ), xpat ( HEADER, PATTERN, MESSAGE-SPEC), xrover, listgroup ( [
16791 MESSAGE-SPEC, PATTERN, Examples, C<[^]-]>, C<*bdc>, C<[0-9a-zA-Z]>, C<a??d>
16801 =head2 Net::POP3 - Post Office Protocol 3 Client class (RFC1939)
16813 new ( [ HOST, ] [ OPTIONS ] )
16817 user ( USER ), pass ( PASS ), login ( [ USER [, PASS ]] ), apop ( [ USER [,
16818 PASS ]] ), top ( MSGNUM [, NUMLINES ] ), list ( [ MSGNUM ] ), get ( MSGNUM
16819 [, FH ] ), getfh ( MSGNUM ), last (), popstat (), ping ( USER ), uidl ( [
16820 MSGNUM ] ), delete ( MSGNUM ), reset (), quit ()
16832 =head2 Net::Ping - check a remote host for reachability
16844 Net::Ping->new([$proto [, $def_timeout [, $bytes [, $device ]]]]);,
16845 $p->ping($host [, $timeout]);, $p->source_verify( { 0 | 1 } );,
16846 $p->service_check( { 0 | 1 } );, $p->tcp_service_check( { 0 | 1 } );,
16847 $p->hires( { 0 | 1 } );, $p->bind($local_addr);, $p->open($host);, $p->ack(
16848 [ $host ] );, $p->nack( $failed_ack_host );, $p->close();, pingecho($host
16865 =head2 Net::SMTP - Simple Mail Transfer Protocol Client
16877 new Net::SMTP [ HOST, ] [ OPTIONS ]
16881 banner (), domain (), hello ( DOMAIN ), etrn ( DOMAIN ), auth ( USERNAME,
16882 PASSWORD ), mail ( ADDRESS [, OPTIONS] ), send ( ADDRESS ), send_or_mail (
16883 ADDRESS ), send_and_mail ( ADDRESS ), reset (), recipient ( ADDRESS [,
16884 ADDRESS [ ...]] [, OPTIONS ] ), to ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), cc (
16885 ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), bcc ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), data ( [
16886 DATA ] ), expand ( ADDRESS ), verify ( ADDRESS ), help ( [ $subject ] ),
16899 =head2 Net::Time - time and daytime network client interface
16907 inet_time ( [HOST [, PROTOCOL [, TIMEOUT]]]), inet_daytime ( [HOST [,
16908 PROTOCOL [, TIMEOUT]]])
16916 =head2 Net::hostent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gethost*()
16933 =head2 Net::libnetFAQ, libnetFAQ - libnet Frequently Asked Questions
16941 =item Where to get this document
16943 =item How to contribute to this document
16947 =item Author and Copyright Information
16955 =item Obtaining and installing libnet
16959 =item What is libnet ?
16961 =item Which version of perl do I need ?
16963 =item What other modules do I need ?
16965 =item What machines support libnet ?
16967 =item Where can I get the latest libnet release
16971 =item Using Net::FTP
16975 =item How do I download files from an FTP server ?
16977 =item How do I transfer files in binary mode ?
16979 =item How can I get the size of a file on a remote FTP server ?
16981 =item How can I get the modification time of a file on a remote FTP server
16984 =item How can I change the permissions of a file on a remote server ?
16986 =item Can I do a reget operation like the ftp command ?
16988 =item How do I get a directory listing from an FTP server ?
16990 =item Changing directory to "" does not fail ?
16992 =item I am behind a SOCKS firewall, but the Firewall option does not work ?
16994 =item I am behind an FTP proxy firewall, but cannot access machines outside
16997 =item My ftp proxy firewall does not listen on port 21
16999 =item Is it possible to change the file permissions of a file on an FTP
17002 =item I have seen scripts call a method message, but cannot find it
17005 =item Why does Net::FTP not implement mput and mget methods
17009 =item Using Net::SMTP
17013 =item Why can't the part of an Email address after the @ be used as the
17016 =item Why does Net::SMTP not do DNS MX lookups ?
17018 =item The verify method always returns true ?
17022 =item Debugging scripts
17026 =item How can I debug my scripts that use Net::* modules ?
17030 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
17034 =head2 Net::netent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getnet*()
17051 =head2 Net::protoent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getproto*()
17066 =head2 Net::servent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getserv*()
17083 =head2 Netrc, Net::Netrc - OO interface to users netrc file
17091 =item THE .netrc FILE
17093 machine name, default, login name, password string, account string, macdef
17098 lookup ( MACHINE [, LOGIN ])
17102 login (), password (), account (), lpa ()
17112 =head2 O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends
17122 =item IMPLEMENTATION
17130 =head2 ODBM_File - Tied access to odbm files
17138 C<O_RDONLY>, C<O_WRONLY>, C<O_RDWR>
17144 =item C<odbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...>
17148 =item BUGS AND WARNINGS
17152 =head2 Opcode - Disable named opcodes when compiling perl code
17164 =item Operator Names and Operator Lists
17166 an operator name (opname), an operator tag name (optag), a negated opname
17167 or optag, an operator set (opset)
17169 =item Opcode Functions
17171 opcodes, opset (OP, ...), opset_to_ops (OPSET), opset_to_hex (OPSET),
17172 full_opset, empty_opset, invert_opset (OPSET), verify_opset (OPSET, ...),
17173 define_optag (OPTAG, OPSET), opmask_add (OPSET), opmask, opdesc (OP, ...),
17176 =item Manipulating Opsets
17178 =item TO DO (maybe)
17184 =item Predefined Opcode Tags
17186 :base_core, :base_mem, :base_loop, :base_io, :base_orig, :base_math,
17187 :base_thread, :default, :filesys_read, :sys_db, :browse, :filesys_open,
17188 :filesys_write, :subprocess, :ownprocess, :others, :still_to_be_decided,
17197 =head2 Opcode::Safe, Safe - Compile and execute code in restricted
17206 a new namespace, an operator mask
17212 =item RECENT CHANGES
17214 =item Methods in class Safe
17216 permit (OP, ...), permit_only (OP, ...), deny (OP, ...), deny_only (OP,
17217 ...), trap (OP, ...), untrap (OP, ...), share (NAME, ...), share_from
17218 (PACKAGE, ARRAYREF), varglob (VARNAME), reval (STRING), rdo (FILENAME),
17219 root (NAMESPACE), mask (MASK)
17221 =item Some Safety Issues
17223 Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes
17231 =head2 Opcode::ops, ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when
17244 =head2 POSIX - Perl interface to IEEE Std 1003.1
17258 _exit, abort, abs, access, acos, alarm, asctime, asin, assert, atan, atan2,
17259 atexit, atof, atoi, atol, bsearch, calloc, ceil, chdir, chmod, chown,
17260 clearerr, clock, close, closedir, cos, cosh, creat, ctermid, ctime,
17261 cuserid, difftime, div, dup, dup2, errno, execl, execle, execlp, execv,
17262 execve, execvp, exit, exp, fabs, fclose, fcntl, fdopen, feof, ferror,
17263 fflush, fgetc, fgetpos, fgets, fileno, floor, fmod, fopen, fork, fpathconf,
17264 fprintf, fputc, fputs, fread, free, freopen, frexp, fscanf, fseek, fsetpos,
17265 fstat, fsync, ftell, fwrite, getc, getchar, getcwd, getegid, getenv,
17266 geteuid, getgid, getgrgid, getgrnam, getgroups, getlogin, getpgrp, getpid,
17267 getppid, getpwnam, getpwuid, gets, getuid, gmtime, isalnum, isalpha,
17268 isatty, iscntrl, isdigit, isgraph, islower, isprint, ispunct, isspace,
17269 isupper, isxdigit, kill, labs, ldexp, ldiv, link, localeconv, localtime,
17270 log, log10, longjmp, lseek, malloc, mblen, mbstowcs, mbtowc, memchr,
17271 memcmp, memcpy, memmove, memset, mkdir, mkfifo, mktime, modf, nice,
17272 offsetof, open, opendir, pathconf, pause, perror, pipe, pow, printf, putc,
17273 putchar, puts, qsort, raise, rand, read, readdir, realloc, remove, rename,
17274 rewind, rewinddir, rmdir, scanf, setgid, setjmp, setlocale, setpgid,
17275 setsid, setuid, sigaction, siglongjmp, sigpending, sigprocmask, sigsetjmp,
17276 sigsuspend, sin, sinh, sleep, sprintf, sqrt, srand, sscanf, stat, strcat,
17277 strchr, strcmp, strcoll, strcpy, strcspn, strerror, strftime, strlen,
17278 strncat, strncmp, strncpy, strpbrk, strrchr, strspn, strstr, strtod,
17279 strtok, strtol, strtoul, strxfrm, sysconf, system, tan, tanh, tcdrain,
17280 tcflow, tcflush, tcgetpgrp, tcsendbreak, tcsetpgrp, time, times, tmpfile,
17281 tmpnam, tolower, toupper, ttyname, tzname, tzset, umask, uname, ungetc,
17282 unlink, utime, vfprintf, vprintf, vsprintf, wait, waitpid, wcstombs,
17289 =item POSIX::SigAction
17291 new, handler, mask, flags
17293 =item POSIX::SigSet
17295 new, addset, delset, emptyset, fillset, ismember
17297 =item POSIX::Termios
17299 new, getattr, getcc, getcflag, getiflag, getispeed, getlflag, getoflag,
17300 getospeed, setattr, setcc, setcflag, setiflag, setispeed, setlflag,
17301 setoflag, setospeed, Baud rate values, Terminal interface values, c_cc
17302 field values, c_cflag field values, c_iflag field values, c_lflag field
17303 values, c_oflag field values
17307 =item PATHNAME CONSTANTS
17311 =item POSIX CONSTANTS
17315 =item SYSTEM CONFIGURATION
17369 Constants, WNOHANG, WUNTRACED, Macros, WIFEXITED, WEXITSTATUS, WIFSIGNALED,
17370 WTERMSIG, WIFSTOPPED, WSTOPSIG
17374 =head2 PerlIO - On demand loader for PerlIO layers and root of PerlIO::*
17383 unix, stdio, perlio, crlf, utf8, bytes, raw, pop
17387 =item Custom Layers
17391 =item Alternatives to raw
17393 =item Defaults and how to override them
17395 =item Querying the layers of filehandle
17405 =head2 PerlIO::encoding - encoding layer
17417 =head2 PerlIO::scalar - support module for in-memory IO.
17427 =head2 PerlIO::via - Helper class for PerlIO layers implemented in perl
17435 =item EXPECTED METHODS
17437 $class->PUSHED([$mode[,$fh]]), $obj->POPPED([$fh]),
17438 $obj->OPEN($path,$mode[,$fh]), $obj->BINMODE([,$fh]),
17439 $obj->FDOPEN($fd[,$fh]), $obj->SYSOPEN($path,$imode,$perm,[,$fh]),
17440 $obj->FILENO($fh), $obj->READ($buffer,$len,$fh), $obj->WRITE($buffer,$fh),
17441 $obj->FILL($fh), $obj->CLOSE($fh), $obj->SEEK($posn,$whence,$fh),
17442 $obj->TELL($fh), $obj->UNREAD($buffer,$fh), $obj->FLUSH($fh),
17443 $obj->SETLINEBUF($fh), $obj->CLEARERR($fh), $obj->ERROR($fh),
17450 =item Example - a Hexadecimal Handle
17456 =head2 PerlIO::via::QuotedPrint - PerlIO layer for quoted-printable strings
17470 =head2 Pod::Checker, podchecker() - check pod documents for syntax errors
17476 =item OPTIONS/ARGUMENTS
17482 B<-warnings> =E<gt> I<val>
17494 empty =headn, =over on line I<N> without closing =back, =item without
17495 previous =over, =back without previous =over, No argument for =begin, =end
17496 without =begin, Nested =begin's, =for without formatter specification,
17497 unresolved internal link I<NAME>, Unknown command "I<CMD>", Unknown
17498 interior-sequence "I<SEQ>", nested commands
17499 I<CMD>E<lt>...I<CMD>E<lt>...E<gt>...E<gt>, garbled entity I<STRING>, Entity
17500 number out of range, malformed link LE<lt>E<gt>, nonempty ZE<lt>E<gt>,
17501 empty XE<lt>E<gt>, Spurious text after =pod / =cut, Spurious character(s)
17506 multiple occurrence of link target I<name>, line containing nothing but
17507 whitespace in paragraph, file does not start with =head, previous =item has
17508 no contents, preceding non-item paragraph(s), =item type mismatch (I<one>
17509 vs. I<two>), I<N> unescaped C<E<lt>E<gt>> in paragraph, Unknown entity, No
17510 items in =over, No argument for =item, empty section in previous paragraph,
17511 Verbatim paragraph in NAME section, =headI<n> without preceding higher
17516 ignoring leading/trailing whitespace in link, (section) in '$page'
17517 deprecated, alternative text/node '%s' contains non-escaped | or /
17529 C<Pod::Checker-E<gt>new( %options )>
17531 C<$checker-E<gt>poderror( @args )>, C<$checker-E<gt>poderror( {%opts},
17534 C<$checker-E<gt>num_errors()>
17536 C<$checker-E<gt>num_warnings()>
17538 C<$checker-E<gt>name()>
17540 C<$checker-E<gt>node()>
17542 C<$checker-E<gt>idx()>
17544 C<$checker-E<gt>hyperlink()>
17552 =head2 Pod::Find - find POD documents in directory trees
17564 =item C<pod_find( { %opts } , @directories )>
17566 C<-verbose =E<gt> 1>, C<-perl =E<gt> 1>, C<-script =E<gt> 1>, C<-inc =E<gt>
17573 =item C<simplify_name( $str )>
17579 =item C<pod_where( { %opts }, $pod )>
17581 C<-inc =E<gt> 1>, C<-dirs =E<gt> [ $dir1, $dir2, ... ]>, C<-verbose =E<gt>
17588 =item C<contains_pod( $file , $verbose )>
17600 =head2 Pod::Html - module to convert pod files to HTML
17610 backlink, cachedir, css, flush, header, help, htmldir, htmlroot, index,
17611 infile, libpods, netscape, outfile, podpath, podroot, quiet, recurse,
17626 =head2 Pod::InputObjects - objects representing POD input paragraphs,
17639 package B<Pod::InputSource>, package B<Pod::Paragraph>, package
17640 B<Pod::InteriorSequence>, package B<Pod::ParseTree>
17646 =item B<Pod::InputSource>
17670 =item B<was_cutting()>
17676 =item B<Pod::Paragraph>
17682 =item Pod::Paragraph-E<gt>B<new()>
17688 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<cmd_name()>
17694 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<text()>
17700 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<raw_text()>
17706 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<cmd_prefix()>
17712 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<cmd_separator()>
17718 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<parse_tree()>
17724 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<file_line()>
17730 =item B<Pod::InteriorSequence>
17736 =item Pod::InteriorSequence-E<gt>B<new()>
17742 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<cmd_name()>
17748 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<prepend()>
17754 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<append()>
17760 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<nested()>
17766 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<raw_text()>
17772 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<left_delimiter()>
17778 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<right_delimiter()>
17784 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<parse_tree()>
17790 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<file_line()>
17796 =item Pod::InteriorSequence::B<DESTROY()>
17802 =item B<Pod::ParseTree>
17808 =item Pod::ParseTree-E<gt>B<new()>
17814 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<top()>
17820 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<children()>
17826 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<prepend()>
17832 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<append()>
17838 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<raw_text()>
17844 =item Pod::ParseTree::B<DESTROY()>
17856 =head2 Pod::LaTeX - Convert Pod data to formatted Latex
17868 =item OBJECT METHODS
17876 =item Data Accessors
17892 B<ReplaceNAMEwithSection>
17894 B<StartWithNewPage>
17908 =item Subclassed methods
17922 B<interior_sequence>
17938 =item Methods for headings
17946 =item Internal methods
17952 B<_replace_special_chars>
17954 B<_replace_special_chars_late>
17960 B<_clean_latex_commands>
17962 B<_split_delimited>
17978 =head2 Pod::Man - Convert POD data to formatted *roff input
17986 center, date, fixed, fixedbold, fixeditalic, fixedbolditalic, name, quotes,
17991 roff font should be 1 or 2 chars, not "%s", Invalid link %s, Invalid quote
17992 specification "%s", %s:%d: Unknown command paragraph "%s", %s:%d: Unknown
17993 escape EE<lt>%sE<gt>, %s:%d: Unknown formatting code %s, %s:%d: Unmatched
18004 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
18008 =head2 Pod::ParseLink - Parse an LE<lt>E<gt> formatting code in POD text
18020 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
18024 =head2 Pod::ParseUtils - helpers for POD parsing and conversion
18038 Pod::List-E<gt>new()
18046 $list-E<gt>indent()
18054 $list-E<gt>parent()
18060 =item Pod::Hyperlink
18062 Pod::Hyperlink-E<gt>new()
18066 $link-E<gt>parse($string)
18068 $link-E<gt>markup($string)
18072 $link-E<gt>warning()
18074 $link-E<gt>file(), $link-E<gt>line()
18080 $link-E<gt>alttext()
18090 Pod::Cache-E<gt>new()
18096 $cache-E<gt>find_page($name)
18100 =item Pod::Cache::Item
18102 Pod::Cache::Item-E<gt>new()
18106 $cacheitem-E<gt>page()
18108 $cacheitem-E<gt>description()
18110 $cacheitem-E<gt>path()
18112 $cacheitem-E<gt>file()
18114 $cacheitem-E<gt>nodes()
18116 $cacheitem-E<gt>find_node($name)
18118 $cacheitem-E<gt>idx()
18128 =head2 Pod::Parser - base class for creating POD filters and translators
18140 =item QUICK OVERVIEW
18142 =item PARSING OPTIONS
18144 B<-want_nonPODs> (default: unset), B<-process_cut_cmd> (default: unset),
18145 B<-warnings> (default: unset)
18151 =item RECOMMENDED SUBROUTINE/METHOD OVERRIDES
18159 C<$cmd>, C<$text>, C<$line_num>, C<$pod_para>
18165 =item B<verbatim()>
18167 C<$text>, C<$line_num>, C<$pod_para>
18173 =item B<textblock()>
18175 C<$text>, C<$line_num>, C<$pod_para>
18181 =item B<interior_sequence()>
18187 =item OPTIONAL SUBROUTINE/METHOD OVERRIDES
18199 =item B<initialize()>
18205 =item B<begin_pod()>
18211 =item B<begin_input()>
18217 =item B<end_input()>
18229 =item B<preprocess_line()>
18235 =item B<preprocess_paragraph()>
18241 =item METHODS FOR PARSING AND PROCESSING
18247 =item B<parse_text()>
18249 B<-expand_seq> =E<gt> I<code-ref>|I<method-name>, B<-expand_text> =E<gt>
18250 I<code-ref>|I<method-name>, B<-expand_ptree> =E<gt>
18251 I<code-ref>|I<method-name>
18257 =item B<interpolate()>
18263 =item B<parse_paragraph()>
18269 =item B<parse_from_filehandle()>
18275 =item B<parse_from_file()>
18281 =item ACCESSOR METHODS
18287 =item B<errorsub()>
18299 =item B<parseopts()>
18305 =item B<output_file()>
18311 =item B<output_handle()>
18317 =item B<input_file()>
18323 =item B<input_handle()>
18329 =item B<input_streams()>
18335 =item B<top_stream()>
18341 =item PRIVATE METHODS AND DATA
18347 =item B<_push_input_stream()>
18353 =item B<_pop_input_stream()>
18359 =item TREE-BASED PARSING
18367 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToChecker - let Perldoc check Pod for errors
18377 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
18383 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToMan - let Perldoc render Pod as man pages
18395 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
18401 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToNroff - let Perldoc convert Pod to nroff
18413 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
18419 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToPod - let Perldoc render Pod as ... Pod!
18429 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
18435 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToRtf - let Perldoc render Pod as RTF
18445 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
18451 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToText - let Perldoc render Pod as plaintext
18463 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
18469 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToTk - let Perldoc use Tk::Pod to render Pod
18483 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToXml - let Perldoc render Pod as XML
18493 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
18499 =head2 Pod::PlainText - Convert POD data to formatted ASCII text
18507 alt, indent, loose, sentence, width
18511 Bizarre space in item, Can't open %s for reading: %s, Unknown escape: %s,
18512 Unknown sequence: %s, Unmatched =back
18524 =head2 Pod::Plainer - Perl extension for converting Pod to old style Pod.
18544 =head2 Pod::Select, podselect() - extract selected sections of POD from
18557 =item SECTION SPECIFICATIONS
18559 =item RANGE SPECIFICATIONS
18565 =item OBJECT METHODS
18571 =item B<curr_headings()>
18583 =item B<add_selection()>
18589 =item B<clear_selections()>
18595 =item B<match_section()>
18601 =item B<is_selected()>
18607 =item EXPORTED FUNCTIONS
18613 =item B<podselect()>
18615 B<-output>, B<-sections>, B<-ranges>
18621 =item PRIVATE METHODS AND DATA
18627 =item B<_compile_section_spec()>
18633 =item $self->{_SECTION_HEADINGS}
18639 =item $self->{_SELECTED_SECTIONS}
18651 =head2 Pod::Text - Convert POD data to formatted ASCII text
18659 alt, code, indent, loose, margin, quotes, sentence, width
18663 Bizarre space in item, Item called without tag, Can't open %s for reading:
18664 %s, Invalid quote specification "%s", %s:%d: Unknown command paragraph: %s,
18665 %s:%d: Unknown escape: %s, %s:%d: Unknown formatting code: %s, %s:%d:
18676 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
18680 =head2 Pod::Text::Color - Convert POD data to formatted color ASCII text
18694 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
18698 =head2 Pod::Text::Overstrike - Convert POD data to formatted overstrike
18713 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
18717 =head2 Pod::Text::Termcap - Convert POD data to ASCII text with format
18732 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
18736 =head2 Pod::Usage, pod2usage() - print a usage message from embedded pod
18745 C<-message>, C<-msg>, C<-exitval>, C<-verbose>, C<-output>, C<-input>,
18754 =item Recommended Use
18762 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
18766 =head2 SDBM_File - Tied access to sdbm files
18774 C<O_RDONLY>, C<O_WRONLY>, C<O_RDWR>
18780 =item C<sdbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...>
18784 =item BUGS AND WARNINGS
18788 =head2 Safe - Compile and execute code in restricted compartments
18796 a new namespace, an operator mask
18802 =item RECENT CHANGES
18804 =item Methods in class Safe
18806 permit (OP, ...), permit_only (OP, ...), deny (OP, ...), deny_only (OP,
18807 ...), trap (OP, ...), untrap (OP, ...), share (NAME, ...), share_from
18808 (PACKAGE, ARRAYREF), varglob (VARNAME), reval (STRING), rdo (FILENAME),
18809 root (NAMESPACE), mask (MASK)
18811 =item Some Safety Issues
18813 Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes
18821 =head2 Scalar::Util - A selection of general-utility scalar subroutines
18829 blessed EXPR, dualvar NUM, STRING, isvstring EXPR, isweak EXPR,
18830 looks_like_number EXPR, openhandle FH, refaddr EXPR, reftype EXPR,
18831 set_prototype CODEREF, PROTOTYPE, tainted EXPR, weaken REF
18841 =head2 Search::Dict, look - search for key in dictionary file
18851 =head2 SelectSaver - save and restore selected file handle
18861 =head2 SelfLoader - load functions only on demand
18871 =item The __DATA__ token
18873 =item SelfLoader autoloading
18875 =item Autoloading and package lexicals
18877 =item SelfLoader and AutoLoader
18879 =item __DATA__, __END__, and the FOOBAR::DATA filehandle.
18881 =item Classes and inherited methods.
18885 =item Multiple packages and fully qualified subroutine names
18889 =head2 Shell - run shell commands transparently within perl
18899 =item OBJECT ORIENTED SYNTAX
18907 =head2 Socket, sockaddr_in, sockaddr_un, inet_aton, inet_ntoa - load the C
18908 socket.h defines and structure manipulators
18916 inet_aton HOSTNAME, inet_ntoa IP_ADDRESS, INADDR_ANY, INADDR_BROADCAST,
18917 INADDR_LOOPBACK, INADDR_NONE, sockaddr_family SOCKADDR, sockaddr_in PORT,
18918 ADDRESS, sockaddr_in SOCKADDR_IN, pack_sockaddr_in PORT, IP_ADDRESS,
18919 unpack_sockaddr_in SOCKADDR_IN, sockaddr_un PATHNAME, sockaddr_un
18920 SOCKADDR_UN, pack_sockaddr_un PATH, unpack_sockaddr_un SOCKADDR_UN
18924 =head2 Storable - persistence for Perl data structures
18934 =item ADVISORY LOCKING
18938 =item CANONICAL REPRESENTATION
18940 =item CODE REFERENCES
18942 =item FORWARD COMPATIBILITY
18944 utf8 data, restricted hashes, files from future versions of Storable
18946 =item ERROR REPORTING
18954 C<STORABLE_freeze> I<obj>, I<cloning>, C<STORABLE_thaw> I<obj>, I<cloning>,
18959 C<Storable::last_op_in_netorder>, C<Storable::is_storing>,
18960 C<Storable::is_retrieving>
18968 =item Storable magic
18978 =item 64 bit data in perl 5.6.0 and 5.6.1
18990 =head2 Switch - A switch statement for Perl
19004 =item Allowing fall-through
19006 =item Automating fall-through
19008 =item Alternative syntax
19010 =item Higher-order Operations
19026 =head2 Symbol - manipulate Perl symbols and their names
19036 =head2 Sys::Hostname - Try every conceivable way to get hostname
19048 =head2 Syslog, Sys::Syslog, openlog, closelog, setlogmask, syslog - Perl
19049 interface to the UNIX syslog(3) calls
19057 openlog $ident, $logopt, $facility, syslog $priority, $format, @args,
19058 setlogmask $mask_priority, setlogsock $sock_type [$stream_location] (added
19059 in 5.004_02), closelog
19069 =head2 Syslog::Syslog, Sys::Syslog, openlog, closelog, setlogmask, syslog -
19070 Perl interface to the UNIX syslog(3) calls
19078 openlog $ident, $logopt, $facility, syslog $priority, $format, @args,
19079 setlogmask $mask_priority, setlogsock $sock_type [$stream_location] (added
19080 in 5.004_02), closelog
19090 =head2 Term::ANSIColor - Color screen output using ANSI escape sequences
19100 Bad escape sequence %s, Bareword "%s" not allowed while "strict subs" in
19101 use, Invalid attribute name %s, Name "%s" used only once: possible typo, No
19102 comma allowed after filehandle, No name for escape sequence %s
19106 ANSI_COLORS_DISABLED
19116 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
19120 =head2 Term::Cap - Perl termcap interface
19136 B<Tgetent>, OSPEED, TERM
19138 B<Tpad>, B<$string>, B<$cnt>, B<$FH>
19140 B<Tputs>, B<$cap>, B<$cnt>, B<$FH>
19142 B<Tgoto>, B<$cap>, B<$col>, B<$row>, B<$FH>
19150 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
19158 =head2 Term::Complete - Perl word completion module
19166 E<lt>tabE<gt>, ^D, ^U, E<lt>delE<gt>, E<lt>bsE<gt>
19176 =head2 Term::ReadLine - Perl interface to various C<readline> packages.
19177 If no real package is found, substitutes stubs instead of basic functions.
19185 =item Minimal set of supported functions
19187 C<ReadLine>, C<new>, C<readline>, C<addhistory>, C<IN>, C<OUT>, C<MinLine>,
19188 C<findConsole>, Attribs, C<Features>
19190 =item Additional supported functions
19192 C<tkRunning>, C<ornaments>, C<newTTY>
19202 =head2 Test - provides a simple framework for writing test scripts
19210 =item QUICK START GUIDE
19216 C<plan(...)>, C<tests =E<gt> I<number>>, C<todo =E<gt> [I<1,5,14>]>,
19217 C<onfail =E<gt> sub { ... }>, C<onfail =E<gt> \&some_sub>
19227 C<skip(I<skip_if_true>, I<args...>)>
19233 NORMAL TESTS, SKIPPED TESTS, TODO TESTS
19237 =item BUGS and CAVEATS
19247 =head2 Test::Builder - Backend for building test libraries
19267 =item Setting up tests
19285 =item Running tests
19291 B<is_eq>, B<is_num>
19293 B<isnt_eq>, B<isnt_num>
19319 B<no_header>, B<no_ending>
19331 B<output>, B<failure_output>, B<todo_output>
19335 =item Test Status and Info
19369 =head2 Test::Harness - run perl standard test scripts with statistics
19379 =item The test script output
19381 B<'1..M'>, B<'ok', 'not ok'. Ok?>, B<test numbers>, B<test names>,
19382 B<Skipping tests>, B<Todo tests>, B<Bail out!>, B<Comments>, B<Anything
19387 =item Configuration variables.
19389 B<$Test::Harness::verbose>, B<$Test::Harness::switches>
19393 B<Failed Test>, B<Stat>, B<Wstat>, B<Total>, B<Fail>, B<Failed>, B<List of
19420 C<All tests successful.\nFiles=%d, Tests=%d, %s>, C<FAILED tests
19421 %s\n\tFailed %d/%d tests, %.2f%% okay.>, C<Test returned status %d (wstat
19422 %d)>, C<Failed 1 test, %.2f%% okay. %s>, C<Failed %d/%d tests, %.2f%% okay.
19423 %s>, C<FAILED--Further testing stopped: %s>
19427 C<HARNESS_ACTIVE>, C<HARNESS_COLUMNS>, C<HARNESS_COMPILE_TEST>,
19428 C<HARNESS_FILELEAK_IN_DIR>, C<HARNESS_IGNORE_EXITCODE>, C<HARNESS_NOTTY>,
19429 C<HARNESS_PERL_SWITCHES>, C<HARNESS_VERBOSE>
19445 =head2 Test::Harness::Assert - simple assert
19471 =head2 Test::Harness::Iterator - Internal Test::Harness Iterator
19481 =head2 Test::Harness::Straps - detailed analysis of test results
19519 B<_restore_PERL5LIB>
19535 B<_reset_file_state>
19555 =head2 Test::More - yet another framework for writing test scripts
19565 =item I love it when a plan comes together
19575 =item I'm ok, you're not ok.
19615 =item Conditional tests
19621 B<TODO: BLOCK>, B<todo_skip>
19623 When do I use SKIP vs. TODO?
19627 =item Comparison functions
19641 =item Extending and Embedding Test::More
19651 =item BUGS and CAVEATS
19653 Making your own ok(), The eq_* family has some caveats, Test::Harness
19666 =head2 Test::Simple - Basic utilities for writing tests.
19690 L<Test::More>, L<Test>, L<Test::Unit>, L<Test::Inline>, L<SelfTest>,
19699 =head2 Test::Tutorial - A tutorial about writing really basic tests
19707 =item Nuts and bolts of testing.
19709 =item Where to start?
19713 =item Test the manual
19715 =item Sometimes the tests are wrong
19717 =item Testing lots of values
19719 =item Informative names
19721 =item Skipping tests
19725 =item Testing with taint mode.
19737 =head2 Text::Abbrev, abbrev - create an abbreviation table from a list
19749 =head2 Text::Balanced - Extract delimited text sequences from strings.
19759 =item General behaviour in list contexts
19763 =item General behaviour in scalar and void contexts
19765 =item A note about prefixes
19767 =item C<extract_delimited>
19769 =item C<extract_bracketed>
19771 =item C<extract_tagged>
19773 C<reject =E<gt> $listref>, C<ignore =E<gt> $listref>, C<fail =E<gt> $str>,
19774 [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5]
19776 =item C<gen_extract_tagged>
19778 =item C<extract_quotelike>
19780 [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [10]
19782 =item C<extract_quotelike> and "here documents"
19784 [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7..10]
19786 =item C<extract_codeblock>
19788 =item C<extract_multiple>
19790 =item C<gen_delimited_pat>
19796 C<Did not find a suitable bracket: "%s">, C<Did not find prefix: /%s/>,
19797 C<Did not find opening bracket after prefix: "%s">, C<No quotelike
19798 operator found after prefix: "%s">, C<Unmatched closing bracket: "%c">,
19799 C<Unmatched opening bracket(s): "%s">, C<Unmatched embedded quote (%s)>,
19800 C<Did not find closing delimiter to match '%s'>, C<Mismatched closing
19801 bracket: expected "%c" but found "%s">, C<No block delimiter found after
19802 quotelike "%s">, C<Did not find leading dereferencer>, C<Bad identifier
19803 after dereferencer>, C<Did not find expected opening bracket at %s>,
19804 C<Improperly nested codeblock at %s>, C<Missing second block for quotelike
19805 "%s">, C<No match found for opening bracket>, C<Did not find opening tag:
19806 /%s/>, C<Unable to construct closing tag to match: /%s/>, C<Found invalid
19807 nested tag: %s>, C<Found unbalanced nested tag: %s>, C<Did not find closing
19812 =item BUGS AND IRRITATIONS
19818 =head2 Text::ParseWords - parse text into an array of tokens or array of
19833 =head2 Text::Soundex - Implementation of the Soundex Algorithm as Described
19850 =head2 Text::Tabs -- expand and unexpand tabs per the unix expand(1) and
19865 =head2 Text::Wrap - line wrapping to form simple paragraphs
19881 =head2 Thread - manipulate threads in Perl (for old code only)
19893 $thread = Thread->new(\&start_sub), $thread = Thread->new(\&start_sub,
19894 LIST), lock VARIABLE, async BLOCK;, Thread->self, cond_wait VARIABLE,
19895 cond_signal VARIABLE, cond_broadcast VARIABLE, yield
19899 join, eval, detach, equal, tid, flags, done
19907 =head2 Thread::Queue - thread-safe queues
19915 =item FUNCTIONS AND METHODS
19917 new, enqueue LIST, dequeue, dequeue_nb, pending
19923 =head2 Thread::Semaphore - thread-safe semaphores
19931 =item FUNCTIONS AND METHODS
19933 new, new NUMBER, down, down NUMBER, up, up NUMBER
19937 =head2 Thread::Signal - Start a thread which runs signal handlers reliably
19952 =head2 Thread::Specific - thread-specific keys
19962 =head2 Tie::Array - base class for tied arrays
19970 TIEARRAY classname, LIST, STORE this, index, value, FETCH this, index,
19971 FETCHSIZE this, STORESIZE this, count, EXTEND this, count, EXISTS this,
19972 key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, DESTROY this, PUSH this, LIST, POP this,
19973 SHIFT this, UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST
19981 =head2 Tie::File - Access the lines of a disk file via a Perl array
20001 =item Option Format
20005 =item Public Methods
20013 =item C<defer>, C<flush>, C<discard>, and C<autodefer>
20019 =item Tying to an already-opened filehandle
20021 =item Deferred Writing
20025 =item Autodeferring
20029 =item CONCURRENT ACCESS TO FILES
20035 =item WHAT ABOUT C<DB_File>?
20049 =head2 Tie::Handle, Tie::StdHandle - base class definitions for tied
20058 TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, WRITE this, scalar, length, offset, PRINT this,
20059 LIST, PRINTF this, format, LIST, READ this, scalar, length, offset,
20060 READLINE this, GETC this, CLOSE this, OPEN this, filename, BINMODE this,
20061 EOF this, TELL this, SEEK this, offset, whence, DESTROY this
20063 =item MORE INFORMATION
20065 =item COMPATIBILITY
20069 =head2 Tie::Hash, Tie::StdHash, Tie::ExtraHash - base class definitions for
20078 TIEHASH classname, LIST, STORE this, key, value, FETCH this, key, FIRSTKEY
20079 this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, EXISTS this, key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this
20081 =item Inheriting from B<Tie::StdHash>
20083 =item Inheriting from B<Tie::ExtraHash>
20085 =item C<UNTIE> and C<DESTROY>
20087 =item MORE INFORMATION
20091 =head2 Tie::Memoize - add data to hash when needed
20099 =item Inheriting from B<Tie::Memoize>
20109 =head2 Tie::RefHash - use references as hash keys
20127 =head2 Tie::Scalar, Tie::StdScalar - base class definitions for tied
20136 TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, DESTROY this
20138 =item MORE INFORMATION
20142 =head2 Tie::SubstrHash - Fixed-table-size, fixed-key-length hashing
20154 =head2 Time::HiRes - High resolution alarm, sleep, gettimeofday, interval
20163 gettimeofday (), usleep ( $useconds ), ualarm ( $useconds [,
20164 $interval_useconds ] ), tv_interval, time (), sleep ( $floating_seconds ),
20165 alarm ( $floating_seconds [, $interval_floating_seconds ] ), setitimer,
20166 getitimer ( $which )
20176 =item negative time not invented yet
20178 =item internal error: useconds < 0 (unsigned ... signed ...)
20186 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
20190 =head2 Time::Local - efficiently compute time from local and GMT time
20198 =item IMPLEMENTATION
20204 =head2 Time::gmtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gmtime()
20219 =head2 Time::localtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in localtime()
20234 =head2 Time::tm - internal object used by Time::gmtime and Time::localtime
20246 =head2 UNIVERSAL - base class for ALL classes (blessed references)
20254 C<< $obj->isa( TYPE ) >>, C<< CLASS->isa( TYPE ) >>, C<isa( VAL, TYPE )>,
20255 C<TYPE>, C<$obj>, C<CLASS>, C<VAL>, C<< $obj->can( METHOD ) >>, C<<
20256 CLASS->can( METHOD ) >>, C<can( VAL, METHOD )>, C<VERSION ( [ REQUIRE ] )>
20262 =head2 Unicode::Collate - Unicode Collation Algorithm
20272 =item Constructor and Tailoring
20274 UCA_Version, alternate, backwards, entry, ignoreName, ignoreChar, level,
20275 normalization, overrideCJK, overrideHangul, preprocess, rearrange, table,
20276 undefName, undefChar, katakana_before_hiragana, upper_before_lower
20278 =item Methods for Collation
20280 C<@sorted = $Collator-E<gt>sort(@not_sorted)>, C<$result =
20281 $Collator-E<gt>cmp($a, $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>eq($a, $b)>,
20282 C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>ne($a, $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>lt($a,
20283 $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>le($a, $b)>, C<$result =
20284 $Collator-E<gt>gt($a, $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>ge($a, $b)>,
20285 C<$sortKey = $Collator-E<gt>getSortKey($string)>, C<$sortKeyForm =
20286 $Collator-E<gt>viewSortKey($string)>
20288 =item Methods for Searching
20290 C<$position = $Collator-E<gt>index($string, $substring[, $position])>,
20291 C<($position, $length) = $Collator-E<gt>index($string, $substring[,
20292 $position])>, C<$match_ref = $Collator-E<gt>match($string, $substring)>,
20293 C<($match) = $Collator-E<gt>match($string, $substring)>, C<@match =
20294 $Collator-E<gt>gmatch($string, $substring)>, C<$count =
20295 $Collator-E<gt>subst($string, $substring, $replacement)>, C<$count =
20296 $Collator-E<gt>gsubst($string, $substring, $replacement)>
20298 =item Other Methods
20300 C<%old_tailoring = $Collator-E<gt>change(%new_tailoring)>, UCA_Version,
20301 Base_Unicode_Version
20309 =item Conformance Test
20317 http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr10/,
20318 http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr10/allkeys.txt,
20319 http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr10/CollationTest.html
20320 http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr10/CollationTest.zip,
20321 http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr15/, L<Unicode::Normalize>
20325 =head2 Unicode::Normalize - Unicode Normalization Forms
20335 =item Normalization Forms
20337 C<$NFD_string = NFD($string)>, C<$NFC_string = NFC($string)>,
20338 C<$NFKD_string = NFKD($string)>, C<$NFKC_string = NFKC($string)>,
20339 C<$normalized_string = normalize($form_name, $string)>
20341 =item Decomposition and Composition
20343 C<$decomposed_string = decompose($string)>, C<$decomposed_string =
20344 decompose($string, $useCompatMapping)>, C<$reordered_string =
20345 reorder($string)>, C<$composed_string = compose($string)>
20349 C<$result = checkNFD($string)>, C<$result = checkNFC($string)>, C<$result =
20350 checkNFKD($string)>, C<$result = checkNFKC($string)>, C<$result =
20351 check($form_name, $string)>
20353 =item Character Data
20355 C<$canonical_decomposed = getCanon($codepoint)>,
20356 C<$compatibility_decomposed = getCompat($codepoint)>,
20357 C<$codepoint_composite = getComposite($codepoint_here, $codepoint_next)>,
20358 C<$combining_class = getCombinClass($codepoint)>, C<$is_exclusion =
20359 isExclusion($codepoint)>, C<$is_singleton = isSingleton($codepoint)>,
20360 C<$is_non_starter_decomposition = isNonStDecomp($codepoint)>,
20361 C<$may_be_composed_with_prev_char = isComp2nd($codepoint)>
20371 http://www.unicode.org/unicode/reports/tr15/,
20372 http://www.unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/DerivedNormalizationProps.txt
20376 =head2 Unicode::UCD - Unicode character database
20418 =item Blocks versus Scripts
20420 =item Matching Scripts and Blocks
20422 =item Code Point Arguments
20448 =item Unicode::UCD::UnicodeVersion
20454 =item Implementation Note
20466 =head2 User::grent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getgr*()
20481 =head2 User::pwent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getpw*()
20492 =item System Specifics
20506 =head2 Win32 - Interfaces to some Win32 API Functions
20514 =item Alphabetical Listing of Win32 Functions
20516 Win32::AbortSystemShutdown(MACHINE), Win32::BuildNumber(),
20517 Win32::CopyFile(FROM, TO, OVERWRITE), Win32::DomainName(),
20518 Win32::ExpandEnvironmentStrings(STRING), Win32::FormatMessage(ERRORCODE),
20519 Win32::FsType(), Win32::FreeLibrary(HANDLE), Win32::GetArchName(),
20520 Win32::GetChipName(), Win32::GetCwd(), Win32::GetFolderPath(FOLDER [,
20521 CREATE]), Win32::GetFullPathName(FILENAME), Win32::GetLastError(),
20522 Win32::GetLongPathName(PATHNAME), Win32::GetNextAvailDrive(),
20523 Win32::GetOSVersion(), Win32::GetOSName(),
20524 Win32::GetShortPathName(PATHNAME), Win32::GetProcAddress(INSTANCE,
20525 PROCNAME), Win32::GetTickCount(), Win32::InitiateSystemShutdown,
20526 Win32::IsWinNT(), Win32::IsWin95(), Win32::LoadLibrary(LIBNAME),
20527 Win32::LoginName(), Win32::LookupAccountName(SYSTEM, ACCOUNT, DOMAIN, SID,
20528 SIDTYPE), Win32::LookupAccountSID(SYSTEM, SID, ACCOUNT, DOMAIN, SIDTYPE),
20529 Win32::MsgBox(MESSAGE [, FLAGS [, TITLE]]), Win32::NodeName(),
20530 Win32::RegisterServer(LIBRARYNAME), Win32::SetChildShowWindow(SHOWWINDOW),
20531 Win32::SetCwd(NEWDIRECTORY), Win32::SetLastError(ERROR),
20532 Win32::Sleep(TIME), Win32::Spawn(COMMAND, ARGS, PID),
20533 Win32::UnregisterServer(LIBRARYNAME)
20539 =head2 XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code
20551 =head1 AUXILIARY DOCUMENTATION
20553 Here should be listed all the extra programs' documentation, but they
20554 don't all have manual pages yet:
20580 Larry Wall <F<larry@wall.org>>, with the help of oodles