4 perltoc - perl documentation table of contents
8 This page provides a brief table of contents for the rest of the Perl
9 documentation set. It is meant to be scanned quickly or grepped
10 through to locate the proper section you're looking for.
12 =head1 BASIC DOCUMENTATION
14 =head2 perl - Practical Extraction and Report Language
26 =item Reference Manual
28 =item Internals and C Language Interface
32 =item Language-Specific
34 =item Platform-Specific
58 =head2 perlintro -- a brief introduction and overview of Perl
68 =item Running Perl programs
70 =item Basic syntax overview
72 =item Perl variable types
74 Scalars, Arrays, Hashes
76 =item Variable scoping
78 =item Conditional and looping constructs
80 if, while, for, foreach
82 =item Builtin operators and functions
84 Arithmetic, Numeric comparison, String comparison, Boolean logic,
89 =item Regular expressions
91 Simple matching, Simple substitution, More complex regular expressions,
92 Parentheses for capturing, Other regexp features
94 =item Writing subroutines
98 =item Using Perl modules
106 =head2 perlfaq - frequently asked questions about Perl ($Date: 2002/03/11
115 =item perlfaq: Structural overview of the FAQ.
117 =item L<perlfaq1>: General Questions About Perl
119 =item L<perlfaq2>: Obtaining and Learning about Perl
121 =item L<perlfaq3>: Programming Tools
123 =item L<perlfaq4>: Data Manipulation
125 =item L<perlfaq5>: Files and Formats
127 =item L<perlfaq6>: Regular Expressions
129 =item L<perlfaq7>: General Perl Language Issues
131 =item L<perlfaq8>: System Interaction
133 =item L<perlfaq9>: Networking
137 =item About the perlfaq documents
141 =item Where to get the perlfaq
143 =item How to contribute to the perlfaq
145 =item What will happen if you mail your Perl programming problems to the
152 =item Author and Copyright Information
156 =item Bundled Distributions
164 1/November/2000, 23/May/99, 13/April/99, 7/January/99, 22/June/98,
165 24/April/97, 23/April/97, 25/March/97, 18/March/97, 17/March/97 Version,
166 Initial Release: 11/March/97
170 =head2 perlbook - Perl book information
178 =head2 perlsyn - Perl syntax
188 =item Simple statements
190 =item Compound statements
198 =item Basic BLOCKs and Switch Statements
202 =item PODs: Embedded Documentation
204 =item Plain Old Comments (Not!)
210 =head2 perldata - Perl data types
224 =item Scalar value constructors
226 =item List value constructors
230 =item Typeglobs and Filehandles
238 =head2 perlop - Perl operators and precedence
248 =item Terms and List Operators (Leftward)
250 =item The Arrow Operator
252 =item Auto-increment and Auto-decrement
256 =item Symbolic Unary Operators
258 =item Binding Operators
260 =item Multiplicative Operators
262 =item Additive Operators
264 =item Shift Operators
266 =item Named Unary Operators
268 =item Relational Operators
270 =item Equality Operators
274 =item Bitwise Or and Exclusive Or
276 =item C-style Logical And
278 =item C-style Logical Or
280 =item Range Operators
282 =item Conditional Operator
284 =item Assignment Operators
288 =item List Operators (Rightward)
294 =item Logical or and Exclusive Or
296 =item C Operators Missing From Perl
298 unary &, unary *, (TYPE)
300 =item Quote and Quote-like Operators
302 =item Regexp Quote-Like Operators
304 ?PATTERN?, m/PATTERN/cgimosx, /PATTERN/cgimosx, q/STRING/, C<'STRING'>,
305 qq/STRING/, "STRING", qr/STRING/imosx, qx/STRING/, `STRING`, qw/STRING/,
306 s/PATTERN/REPLACEMENT/egimosx, tr/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds,
307 y/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds, <<EOF
309 =item Gory details of parsing quoted constructs
311 Finding the end, Removal of backslashes before delimiters, Interpolation,
312 C<<<'EOF'>, C<m''>, C<s'''>, C<tr///>, C<y///>, C<''>, C<q//>, C<"">,
313 C<``>, C<qq//>, C<qx//>, C<< <file*glob> >>, C<?RE?>, C</RE/>, C<m/RE/>,
314 C<s/RE/foo/>,, Interpolation of regular expressions, Optimization of
319 =item Constant Folding
321 =item Bitwise String Operators
323 =item Integer Arithmetic
325 =item Floating-point Arithmetic
333 =head2 perlsub - Perl subroutines
343 =item Private Variables via my()
345 =item Persistent Private Variables
347 =item Temporary Values via local()
349 =item Lvalue subroutines
351 Lvalue subroutines are EXPERIMENTAL
353 =item Passing Symbol Table Entries (typeglobs)
355 =item When to Still Use local()
357 =item Pass by Reference
361 =item Constant Functions
363 =item Overriding Built-in Functions
367 =item Subroutine Attributes
375 =head2 perlfunc - Perl builtin functions
383 =item Perl Functions by Category
385 Functions for SCALARs or strings, Regular expressions and pattern matching,
386 Numeric functions, Functions for real @ARRAYs, Functions for list data,
387 Functions for real %HASHes, Input and output functions, Functions for fixed
388 length data or records, Functions for filehandles, files, or directories,
389 Keywords related to the control flow of your perl program, Keywords related
390 to scoping, Miscellaneous functions, Functions for processes and process
391 groups, Keywords related to perl modules, Keywords related to classes and
392 object-orientedness, Low-level socket functions, System V interprocess
393 communication functions, Fetching user and group info, Fetching network
394 info, Time-related functions, Functions new in perl5, Functions obsoleted
399 =item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions
401 I<-X> FILEHANDLE, I<-X> EXPR, I<-X>, abs VALUE, abs, accept
402 NEWSOCKET,GENERICSOCKET, alarm SECONDS, alarm, atan2 Y,X, bind SOCKET,NAME,
403 binmode FILEHANDLE, DISCIPLINE, binmode FILEHANDLE, bless REF,CLASSNAME,
404 bless REF, caller EXPR, caller, chdir EXPR, chmod LIST, chomp VARIABLE,
405 chomp( LIST ), chomp, chop VARIABLE, chop( LIST ), chop, chown LIST, chr
406 NUMBER, chr, chroot FILENAME, chroot, close FILEHANDLE, close, closedir
407 DIRHANDLE, connect SOCKET,NAME, continue BLOCK, cos EXPR, cos, crypt
408 PLAINTEXT,SALT, dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MASK, defined EXPR,
409 defined, delete EXPR, die LIST, do BLOCK, do SUBROUTINE(LIST), do EXPR,
410 dump LABEL, dump, each HASH, eof FILEHANDLE, eof (), eof, eval EXPR, eval
411 BLOCK, exec LIST, exec PROGRAM LIST, exists EXPR, exit EXPR, exp EXPR, exp,
412 fcntl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, fileno FILEHANDLE, flock
413 FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, fork, format, formline PICTURE,LIST, getc FILEHANDLE,
414 getc, getlogin, getpeername SOCKET, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority
415 WHICH,WHO, getpwnam NAME, getgrnam NAME, gethostbyname NAME, getnetbyname
416 NAME, getprotobyname NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getservbyname
417 NAME,PROTO, gethostbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE,
418 getprotobynumber NUMBER, getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent,
419 gethostent, getnetent, getprotoent, getservent, setpwent, setgrent,
420 sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent
421 STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent, endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent,
422 endservent, getsockname SOCKET, getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR,
423 glob, gmtime EXPR, goto LABEL, goto EXPR, goto &NAME, grep BLOCK LIST, grep
424 EXPR,LIST, hex EXPR, hex, import, index STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, index
425 STR,SUBSTR, int EXPR, int, ioctl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, join
426 EXPR,LIST, keys HASH, kill SIGNAL, LIST, last LABEL, last, lc EXPR, lc,
427 lcfirst EXPR, lcfirst, length EXPR, length, link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, listen
428 SOCKET,QUEUESIZE, local EXPR, localtime EXPR, lock THING, log EXPR, log,
429 lstat EXPR, lstat, m//, map BLOCK LIST, map EXPR,LIST, mkdir FILENAME,MASK,
430 mkdir FILENAME, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget KEY,FLAGS, msgrcv
431 ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS, my EXPR, my EXPR : ATTRIBUTES,
432 next LABEL, next, no Module VERSION LIST, no Module VERSION, no Module
433 LIST, no Module, oct EXPR, oct, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open
434 FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR,LIST, open
435 FILEHANDLE,MODE,REFERENCE, open FILEHANDLE, opendir DIRHANDLE,EXPR, ord
436 EXPR, ord, our EXPR, our EXPR : ATTRIBUTES, pack TEMPLATE,LIST, package
437 NAMESPACE, package, pipe READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, pop ARRAY, pop, pos
438 SCALAR, pos, print FILEHANDLE LIST, print LIST, print, printf FILEHANDLE
439 FORMAT, LIST, printf FORMAT, LIST, prototype FUNCTION, push ARRAY,LIST,
440 q/STRING/, qq/STRING/, qr/STRING/, qx/STRING/, qw/STRING/, quotemeta EXPR,
441 quotemeta, rand EXPR, rand, read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, read
442 FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, readdir DIRHANDLE, readline EXPR, readlink EXPR,
443 readlink, readpipe EXPR, recv SOCKET,SCALAR,LENGTH,FLAGS, redo LABEL, redo,
444 ref EXPR, ref, rename OLDNAME,NEWNAME, require VERSION, require EXPR,
445 require, reset EXPR, reset, return EXPR, return, reverse LIST, rewinddir
446 DIRHANDLE, rindex STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, rindex STR,SUBSTR, rmdir FILENAME,
447 rmdir, s///, scalar EXPR, seek FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, seekdir
448 DIRHANDLE,POS, select FILEHANDLE, select, select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT,
449 semctl ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, send
450 SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS,TO, send SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS, setpgrp PID,PGRP, setpriority
451 WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shift ARRAY,
452 shift, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS, shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE,
453 shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, shutdown SOCKET,HOW, sin EXPR, sin, sleep
454 EXPR, sleep, socket SOCKET,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, socketpair
455 SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, sort SUBNAME LIST, sort BLOCK LIST,
456 sort LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,
457 splice ARRAY,OFFSET, splice ARRAY, split /PATTERN/,EXPR,LIMIT, split
458 /PATTERN/,EXPR, split /PATTERN/, split, sprintf FORMAT, LIST, sqrt EXPR,
459 sqrt, srand EXPR, srand, stat FILEHANDLE, stat EXPR, stat, study SCALAR,
460 study, sub BLOCK, sub NAME, sub NAME BLOCK, substr
461 EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH,REPLACEMENT, substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH, substr
462 EXPR,OFFSET, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen
463 FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE, sysopen FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, sysread
464 FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, sysread FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, sysseek
465 FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, system LIST, system PROGRAM LIST, syswrite
466 FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,
467 syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR, tell FILEHANDLE, tell, telldir DIRHANDLE, tie
468 VARIABLE,CLASSNAME,LIST, tied VARIABLE, time, times, tr///, truncate
469 FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, uc EXPR, uc, ucfirst EXPR,
470 ucfirst, umask EXPR, umask, undef EXPR, undef, unlink LIST, unlink, unpack
471 TEMPLATE,EXPR, untie VARIABLE, unshift ARRAY,LIST, use Module VERSION LIST,
472 use Module VERSION, use Module LIST, use Module, use VERSION, utime LIST,
473 values HASH, vec EXPR,OFFSET,BITS, wait, waitpid PID,FLAGS, wantarray, warn
474 LIST, write FILEHANDLE, write EXPR, write, y///
480 =head2 perlreftut - Mark's very short tutorial about references
486 =item Who Needs Complicated Data Structures?
494 =item Making References
496 =item Using References
514 =item Distribution Conditions
520 =head2 perldsc - Perl Data Structures Cookbook
526 arrays of arrays, hashes of arrays, arrays of hashes, hashes of hashes,
527 more elaborate constructs
531 =item COMMON MISTAKES
533 =item CAVEAT ON PRECEDENCE
535 =item WHY YOU SHOULD ALWAYS C<use strict>
541 =item ARRAYS OF ARRAYS
545 =item Declaration of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
547 =item Generation of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
549 =item Access and Printing of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
553 =item HASHES OF ARRAYS
557 =item Declaration of a HASH OF ARRAYS
559 =item Generation of a HASH OF ARRAYS
561 =item Access and Printing of a HASH OF ARRAYS
565 =item ARRAYS OF HASHES
569 =item Declaration of an ARRAY OF HASHES
571 =item Generation of an ARRAY OF HASHES
573 =item Access and Printing of an ARRAY OF HASHES
577 =item HASHES OF HASHES
581 =item Declaration of a HASH OF HASHES
583 =item Generation of a HASH OF HASHES
585 =item Access and Printing of a HASH OF HASHES
589 =item MORE ELABORATE RECORDS
593 =item Declaration of MORE ELABORATE RECORDS
595 =item Declaration of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS
597 =item Generation of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS
609 =head2 perlrequick - Perl regular expressions quick start
619 =item Simple word matching
621 =item Using character classes
623 =item Matching this or that
625 =item Grouping things and hierarchical matching
627 =item Extracting matches
629 =item Matching repetitions
633 =item Search and replace
635 =item The split operator
643 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
647 =item Acknowledgments
653 =head2 perlpod - the Plain Old Documentation format
661 =item Ordinary Paragraph
663 =item Verbatim Paragraph
665 =item Command Paragraph
667 C<=head1 I<Heading Text>>, C<=head2 I<Heading Text>>, C<=head3 I<Heading
668 Text>>, C<=head4 I<Heading Text>>, C<=over I<indentlevel>>, C<=item
669 I<stuff...>>, C<=back>, C<=cut>, C<=pod>, C<=begin I<formatname>>, C<=end
670 I<formatname>>, C<=for I<formatname> I<text...>>
672 =item Formatting Codes
674 C<IE<lt>textE<gt>> -- italic text, C<BE<lt>textE<gt>> -- bold text,
675 C<CE<lt>codeE<gt>> -- code text, C<LE<lt>nameE<gt>> -- a hyperlink,
676 C<EE<lt>escapeE<gt>> -- a character escape, C<FE<lt>filenameE<gt>> -- used
677 for filenames, C<SE<lt>textE<gt>> -- text contains non-breaking spaces,
678 C<XE<lt>topic nameE<gt>> -- an index entry, C<ZE<lt>E<gt>> -- a null
679 (zero-effect) formatting code
683 =item Embedding Pods in Perl Modules
685 =item Hints for Writing Pod
695 =head2 perlpodspec - Plain Old Documentation: format specification and
702 =item Pod Definitions
706 "=head1", "=head2", "=head3", "=head4", "=pod", "=cut", "=over", "=item",
707 "=back", "=begin formatname", "=end formatname", "=for formatname text..."
709 =item Pod Formatting Codes
711 C<IE<lt>textE<gt>> -- italic text, C<BE<lt>textE<gt>> -- bold text,
712 C<CE<lt>codeE<gt>> -- code text, C<FE<lt>filenameE<gt>> -- style for
713 filenames, C<XE<lt>topic nameE<gt>> -- an index entry, C<ZE<lt>E<gt>> -- a
714 null (zero-effect) formatting code, C<LE<lt>nameE<gt>> -- a hyperlink,
715 C<EE<lt>escapeE<gt>> -- a character escape, C<SE<lt>textE<gt>> -- text
716 contains non-breaking spaces
718 =item Notes on Implementing Pod Processors
720 =item About LE<lt>...E<gt> Codes
722 First:, Second:, Third:, Fourth:, Fifth:, Sixth:
724 =item About =over...=back Regions
726 =item About Data Paragraphs and "=begin/=end" Regions
734 =head2 perlstyle - Perl style guide
742 =head2 perltrap - Perl traps for the unwary
760 =item Perl4 to Perl5 Traps
762 Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps, Parsing Traps, Numerical
763 Traps, General data type traps, Context Traps - scalar, list contexts,
764 Precedence Traps, General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc,
765 Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps, OS Traps, DBM Traps, Unclassified Traps
767 =item Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps
769 Discontinuance, Deprecation, BugFix, Discontinuance, Discontinuance,
770 Discontinuance, BugFix, Discontinuance, Discontinuance, BugFix,
771 Discontinuance, Deprecation, Discontinuance, Discontinuance
775 Parsing, Parsing, Parsing, Parsing, Parsing
777 =item Numerical Traps
779 Numerical, Numerical, Numerical, Bitwise string ops
781 =item General data type traps
783 (Arrays), (Arrays), (Hashes), (Globs), (Globs), (Scalar String),
784 (Constants), (Scalars), (Variable Suicide)
786 =item Context Traps - scalar, list contexts
788 (list context), (scalar context), (scalar context), (list, builtin)
790 =item Precedence Traps
792 Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence,
795 =item General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc.
797 Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular
798 Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression,
801 =item Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps
803 (Signals), (Sort Subroutine), warn() won't let you specify a filehandle
809 =item Interpolation Traps
811 Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation,
812 Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation
818 =item Unclassified Traps
820 C<require>/C<do> trap using returned value, C<split> on empty string with
827 =head2 perlrun - how to execute the Perl interpreter
837 =item #! and quoting on non-Unix systems
839 OS/2, MS-DOS, Win95/NT, Macintosh, VMS
841 =item Location of Perl
843 =item Command Switches
845 B<-0>[I<digits>], B<-a>, B<-C>, B<-c>, B<-d>, B<-d:>I<foo[=bar,baz]>,
846 B<-D>I<letters>, B<-D>I<number>, B<-e> I<commandline>, B<-F>I<pattern>,
847 B<-h>, B<-i>[I<extension>], B<-I>I<directory>, B<-l>[I<octnum>],
848 B<-m>[B<->]I<module>, B<-M>[B<->]I<module>, B<-M>[B<->]I<'module ...'>,
849 B<-[mM]>[B<->]I<module=arg[,arg]...>, B<-n>, B<-p>, B<-P>, B<-s>, B<-S>,
850 B<-t>, B<-T>, B<-u>, B<-U>, B<-v>, B<-V>, B<-V:>I<name>, B<-w>, B<-W>,
851 B<-X>, B<-x> I<directory>
857 HOME, LOGDIR, PATH, PERL5LIB, PERL5OPT, PERLIO, :bytes, :crlf, :mmap,
858 :perlio, :raw, :stdio, :unix, :utf8, :win32, PERLIO_DEBUG, PERLLIB,
859 PERL5DB, PERL5SHELL (specific to the Win32 port), PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS,
860 PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL, PERL_ENCODING, PERL_ROOT (specific to the VMS port),
861 SYS$LOGIN (specific to the VMS port)
865 =head2 perldiag - various Perl diagnostics
873 =head2 perllexwarn - Perl Lexical Warnings
881 =item Default Warnings and Optional Warnings
883 =item What's wrong with B<-w> and C<$^W>
885 =item Controlling Warnings from the Command Line
889 =item Backward Compatibility
891 =item Category Hierarchy
895 =item Reporting Warnings from a Module
907 =head2 perldebtut - Perl debugging tutorial
915 =item Looking at data and -w and v
919 =item Stepping through code
921 =item Placeholder for a, w, t, T
923 =item REGULAR EXPRESSIONS
941 =head2 perldebug - Perl debugging
947 =item The Perl Debugger
951 =item Debugger Commands
953 h, h [command], h h, p expr, x [maxdepth] expr, V [pkg [vars]], X [vars], y
954 [level [vars]], T, s [expr], n [expr], r, <CR>, c [line|sub], l, l
955 min+incr, l min-max, l line, l subname, -, v [line], f filename, /pattern/,
956 ?pattern?, L [abw], S [[!]regex], t, t expr, b, b [line] [condition], b
957 subname [condition], b postpone subname [condition], b load filename, b
958 compile subname, B line, B *, a [line] command, A line, A *, w expr, W
959 expr, W *, o, o booloption .., o anyoption? .., o option=value .., < ?, < [
960 command ], << command, > ?, > command, >> command, { ?, { [ command ], {{
961 command, ! number, ! -number, ! pattern, !! cmd, @ file, H -number, q or
962 ^D, R, |dbcmd, ||dbcmd, command, m expr, M, man [manpage]
964 =item Configurable Options
966 C<recallCommand>, C<ShellBang>, C<pager>, C<tkRunning>, C<signalLevel>,
967 C<warnLevel>, C<dieLevel>, C<AutoTrace>, C<LineInfo>, C<inhibit_exit>,
968 C<PrintRet>, C<ornaments>, C<frame>, C<maxTraceLen>, C<windowSize>,
969 C<arrayDepth>, C<hashDepth>, C<dumpDepth>, C<compactDump>, C<veryCompact>,
970 C<globPrint>, C<DumpDBFiles>, C<DumpPackages>, C<DumpReused>, C<quote>,
971 C<HighBit>, C<undefPrint>, C<UsageOnly>, C<TTY>, C<noTTY>, C<ReadLine>,
974 =item Debugger input/output
976 Prompt, Multiline commands, Stack backtrace, Line Listing Format, Frame
979 =item Debugging compile-time statements
981 =item Debugger Customization
983 =item Readline Support
985 =item Editor Support for Debugging
987 =item The Perl Profiler
991 =item Debugging regular expressions
993 =item Debugging memory usage
1001 =head2 perlvar - Perl predefined variables
1009 =item Predefined Names
1011 $ARG, $_, $a, $b, $<I<digits>>, $MATCH, $&, $PREMATCH, $`, $POSTMATCH, $',
1012 $LAST_PAREN_MATCH, $+, $^N, @LAST_MATCH_END, @+, $MULTILINE_MATCHING, $*,
1013 HANDLE->input_line_number(EXPR), $INPUT_LINE_NUMBER, $NR, $,
1014 IO::Handle->input_record_separator(EXPR), $INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $RS, $/,
1015 HANDLE->autoflush(EXPR), $OUTPUT_AUTOFLUSH, $|,
1016 IO::Handle->output_field_separator EXPR, $OUTPUT_FIELD_SEPARATOR, $OFS, $,,
1017 IO::Handle->output_record_separator EXPR, $OUTPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $ORS,
1018 $\, $LIST_SEPARATOR, $", $SUBSCRIPT_SEPARATOR, $SUBSEP, $;, $OFMT, $#,
1019 HANDLE->format_page_number(EXPR), $FORMAT_PAGE_NUMBER, $%,
1020 HANDLE->format_lines_per_page(EXPR), $FORMAT_LINES_PER_PAGE, $=,
1021 HANDLE->format_lines_left(EXPR), $FORMAT_LINES_LEFT, $-, @LAST_MATCH_START,
1022 @-, C<$`> is the same as C<substr($var, 0, $-[0])>, C<$&> is the same as
1023 C<substr($var, $-[0], $+[0] - $-[0])>, C<$'> is the same as C<substr($var,
1024 $+[0])>, C<$1> is the same as C<substr($var, $-[1], $+[1] - $-[1])>, C<$2>
1025 is the same as C<substr($var, $-[2], $+[2] - $-[2])>, C<$3> is the same as
1026 C<substr $var, $-[3], $+[3] - $-[3])>, HANDLE->format_name(EXPR),
1027 $FORMAT_NAME, $~, HANDLE->format_top_name(EXPR), $FORMAT_TOP_NAME, $^,
1028 IO::Handle->format_line_break_characters EXPR,
1029 $FORMAT_LINE_BREAK_CHARACTERS, $:, IO::Handle->format_formfeed EXPR,
1030 $FORMAT_FORMFEED, $^L, $ACCUMULATOR, $^A, $CHILD_ERROR, $?, ${^ENCODING},
1031 $OS_ERROR, $ERRNO, $!, %!, $EXTENDED_OS_ERROR, $^E, $EVAL_ERROR, $@,
1032 $PROCESS_ID, $PID, $$, $REAL_USER_ID, $UID, $<, $EFFECTIVE_USER_ID, $EUID,
1033 $>, $REAL_GROUP_ID, $GID, $(, $EFFECTIVE_GROUP_ID, $EGID, $),
1034 $PROGRAM_NAME, $0, $[, $], $COMPILING, $^C, $DEBUGGING, $^D,
1035 $SYSTEM_FD_MAX, $^F, $^H, %^H, $INPLACE_EDIT, $^I, $^M, $OSNAME, $^O,
1036 ${^OPEN}, $PERLDB, $^P, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80,
1037 0x100, 0x200, $LAST_REGEXP_CODE_RESULT, $^R, $EXCEPTIONS_BEING_CAUGHT, $^S,
1038 $BASETIME, $^T, ${^TAINT}, $PERL_VERSION, $^V, $WARNING, $^W,
1039 ${^WARNING_BITS}, ${^WIDE_SYSTEM_CALLS}, $EXECUTABLE_NAME, $^X, ARGV,
1040 $ARGV, @ARGV, @F, @INC, @_, %INC, %ENV, $ENV{expr}, %SIG, $SIG{expr}
1042 =item Error Indicators
1044 =item Technical Note on the Syntax of Variable Names
1052 =head2 perllol - Manipulating Arrays of Arrays in Perl
1060 =item Declaration and Access of Arrays of Arrays
1062 =item Growing Your Own
1064 =item Access and Printing
1076 =head2 perlopentut - tutorial on opening things in Perl
1082 =item Open E<agrave> la shell
1090 =item The Minus File
1092 =item Mixing Reads and Writes
1098 =item Open E<agrave> la C
1102 =item Permissions E<agrave> la mode
1106 =item Obscure Open Tricks
1110 =item Re-Opening Files (dups)
1112 =item Dispelling the Dweomer
1114 =item Paths as Opens
1116 =item Single Argument Open
1118 =item Playing with STDIN and STDOUT
1122 =item Other I/O Issues
1126 =item Opening Non-File Files
1136 =item AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT
1142 =head2 perlpacktut - tutorial on C<pack> and C<unpack>
1148 =item The Basic Principle
1152 =item Packing Numbers
1158 =item Unpacking a Stack Frame
1160 =item How to Eat an Egg on a Net
1162 =item Floating point Numbers
1166 =item Exotic Templates
1178 =item Another Portable Binary Encoding
1182 =item Lengths and Widths
1186 =item String Lengths
1188 =item Dynamic Templates
1192 =item Packing and Unpacking C Structures
1196 =item The Alignment Pit
1198 =item Alignment, Take 2
1200 =item Alignment, Take 3
1202 =item Pointers for How to Use Them
1208 =item Funnies Section
1214 =head2 perlretut - Perl regular expressions tutorial
1220 =item Part 1: The basics
1224 =item Simple word matching
1226 =item Using character classes
1228 =item Matching this or that
1230 =item Grouping things and hierarchical matching
1232 =item Extracting matches
1234 =item Matching repetitions
1236 =item Building a regexp
1238 =item Using regular expressions in Perl
1242 =item Part 2: Power tools
1246 =item More on characters, strings, and character classes
1248 =item Compiling and saving regular expressions
1250 =item Embedding comments and modifiers in a regular expression
1252 =item Non-capturing groupings
1254 =item Looking ahead and looking behind
1256 =item Using independent subexpressions to prevent backtracking
1258 =item Conditional expressions
1260 =item A bit of magic: executing Perl code in a regular expression
1262 =item Pragmas and debugging
1270 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1274 =item Acknowledgments
1280 =head2 perlre - Perl regular expressions
1290 =item Regular Expressions
1292 [1], [2], [3], cntrl, graph, print, punct, xdigit
1294 =item Extended Patterns
1296 C<(?#text)>, C<(?imsx-imsx)>, C<(?:pattern)>, C<(?imsx-imsx:pattern)>,
1297 C<(?=pattern)>, C<(?!pattern)>, C<(?<=pattern)>, C<(?<!pattern)>, C<(?{
1298 code })>, C<(??{ code })>, C<< (?>pattern) >>,
1299 C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)>, C<(?(condition)yes-pattern)>
1303 =item Version 8 Regular Expressions
1305 =item Warning on \1 vs $1
1307 =item Repeated patterns matching zero-length substring
1309 =item Combining pieces together
1311 C<ST>, C<S|T>, C<S{REPEAT_COUNT}>, C<S{min,max}>, C<S{min,max}?>, C<S?>,
1312 C<S*>, C<S+>, C<S??>, C<S*?>, C<S+?>, C<< (?>S) >>, C<(?=S)>, C<(?<=S)>,
1313 C<(?!S)>, C<(?<!S)>, C<(??{ EXPR })>,
1314 C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)>
1316 =item Creating custom RE engines
1326 =head2 perlref - Perl references and nested data structures
1336 =item Making References
1338 =item Using References
1340 =item Symbolic references
1342 =item Not-so-symbolic references
1344 =item Pseudo-hashes: Using an array as a hash
1346 =item Function Templates
1356 =head2 perlform - Perl formats
1364 =item Format Variables
1374 =item Accessing Formatting Internals
1382 =head2 perlboot - Beginner's Object-Oriented Tutorial
1390 =item If we could talk to the animals...
1392 =item Introducing the method invocation arrow
1394 =item Invoking a barnyard
1396 =item The extra parameter of method invocation
1398 =item Calling a second method to simplify things
1400 =item Inheriting the windpipes
1402 =item A few notes about @ISA
1404 =item Overriding the methods
1406 =item Starting the search from a different place
1408 =item The SUPER way of doing things
1410 =item Where we're at so far...
1412 =item A horse is a horse, of course of course -- or is it?
1414 =item Invoking an instance method
1416 =item Accessing the instance data
1418 =item How to build a horse
1420 =item Inheriting the constructor
1422 =item Making a method work with either classes or instances
1424 =item Adding parameters to a method
1426 =item More interesting instances
1428 =item A horse of a different color
1440 =head2 perltoot - Tom's object-oriented tutorial for perl
1446 =item Creating a Class
1450 =item Object Representation
1452 =item Class Interface
1454 =item Constructors and Instance Methods
1456 =item Planning for the Future: Better Constructors
1460 =item Other Object Methods
1468 =item Accessing Class Data
1470 =item Debugging Methods
1472 =item Class Destructors
1474 =item Documenting the Interface
1484 =item Overridden Methods
1486 =item Multiple Inheritance
1488 =item UNIVERSAL: The Root of All Objects
1492 =item Alternate Object Representations
1496 =item Arrays as Objects
1498 =item Closures as Objects
1502 =item AUTOLOAD: Proxy Methods
1506 =item Autoloaded Data Methods
1508 =item Inherited Autoloaded Data Methods
1512 =item Metaclassical Tools
1518 =item Data Members as Variables
1526 =item Object Terminology
1532 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1538 =item Acknowledgments
1544 =head2 perltooc - Tom's OO Tutorial for Class Data in Perl
1550 =item Class Data in a Can
1552 =item Class Data as Package Variables
1556 =item Putting All Your Eggs in One Basket
1558 =item Inheritance Concerns
1560 =item The Eponymous Meta-Object
1562 =item Indirect References to Class Data
1564 =item Monadic Classes
1566 =item Translucent Attributes
1570 =item Class Data as Lexical Variables
1574 =item Privacy and Responsibility
1576 =item File-Scoped Lexicals
1578 =item More Inheritance Concerns
1580 =item Locking the Door and Throwing Away the Key
1582 =item Translucency Revisited
1590 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1592 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
1598 =head2 perlobj - Perl objects
1606 =item An Object is Simply a Reference
1608 =item A Class is Simply a Package
1610 =item A Method is Simply a Subroutine
1612 =item Method Invocation
1614 =item Indirect Object Syntax
1616 =item Default UNIVERSAL methods
1618 isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] )
1624 =item Two-Phased Garbage Collection
1632 =head2 perlbot - Bag'o Object Tricks (the BOT)
1638 =item OO SCALING TIPS
1640 =item INSTANCE VARIABLES
1642 =item SCALAR INSTANCE VARIABLES
1644 =item INSTANCE VARIABLE INHERITANCE
1646 =item OBJECT RELATIONSHIPS
1648 =item OVERRIDING SUPERCLASS METHODS
1650 =item USING RELATIONSHIP WITH SDBM
1652 =item THINKING OF CODE REUSE
1654 =item CLASS CONTEXT AND THE OBJECT
1656 =item INHERITING A CONSTRUCTOR
1662 =head2 perltie - how to hide an object class in a simple variable
1674 TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, UNTIE this,
1679 TIEARRAY classname, LIST, FETCH this, index, STORE this, index, value,
1680 FETCHSIZE this, STORESIZE this, count, EXTEND this, count, EXISTS this,
1681 key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, PUSH this, LIST, POP this, SHIFT this,
1682 UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST, UNTIE this, DESTROY
1687 USER, HOME, CLOBBER, LIST, TIEHASH classname, LIST, FETCH this, key, STORE
1688 this, key, value, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, EXISTS this, key, FIRSTKEY
1689 this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, UNTIE this, DESTROY this
1691 =item Tying FileHandles
1693 TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, WRITE this, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this,
1694 LIST, READ this, LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, CLOSE this, UNTIE this,
1699 =item The C<untie> Gotcha
1711 =head2 perlipc - Perl interprocess communication (signals, fifos, pipes,
1712 safe subprocesses, sockets, and semaphores)
1722 =item Handling the SIGHUP Signal in Daemons
1730 =item Deferred Signals
1732 Long running opcodes, Interrupting IO, Signals as "faults", Signals
1733 triggered by operating system state
1737 =item Using open() for IPC
1743 =item Background Processes
1745 =item Complete Dissociation of Child from Parent
1747 =item Safe Pipe Opens
1749 =item Bidirectional Communication with Another Process
1751 =item Bidirectional Communication with Yourself
1755 =item Sockets: Client/Server Communication
1759 =item Internet Line Terminators
1761 =item Internet TCP Clients and Servers
1763 =item Unix-Domain TCP Clients and Servers
1767 =item TCP Clients with IO::Socket
1771 =item A Simple Client
1773 C<Proto>, C<PeerAddr>, C<PeerPort>
1775 =item A Webget Client
1777 =item Interactive Client with IO::Socket
1781 =item TCP Servers with IO::Socket
1783 Proto, LocalPort, Listen, Reuse
1785 =item UDP: Message Passing
1799 =head2 perlfork - Perl's fork() emulation
1809 =item Behavior of other Perl features in forked pseudo-processes
1811 $$ or $PROCESS_ID, %ENV, chdir() and all other builtins that accept
1812 filenames, wait() and waitpid(), kill(), exec(), exit(), Open handles to
1813 files, directories and network sockets
1815 =item Resource limits
1817 =item Killing the parent process
1819 =item Lifetime of the parent process and pseudo-processes
1821 =item CAVEATS AND LIMITATIONS
1823 BEGIN blocks, Open filehandles, Forking pipe open() not yet implemented,
1824 Global state maintained by XSUBs, Interpreter embedded in larger
1825 application, Thread-safety of extensions
1837 =head2 perlnumber - semantics of numbers and numeric operations in Perl
1845 =item Storing numbers
1847 =item Numeric operators and numeric conversions
1849 =item Flavors of Perl numeric operations
1851 Arithmetic operators except, C<no integer>, Arithmetic operators except,
1852 C<use integer>, Bitwise operators, C<no integer>, Bitwise operators, C<use
1853 integer>, Operators which expect an integer, Operators which expect a
1862 =head2 perlthrtut - tutorial on threads in Perl
1870 =item What Is A Thread Anyway?
1872 =item Threaded Program Models
1884 =item Native threads
1886 =item What kind of threads are Perl threads?
1888 =item Threadsafe Modules
1894 =item Basic Thread Support
1896 =item A Note about the Examples
1898 =item Creating Threads
1900 =item Giving up control
1902 =item Waiting For A Thread To Exit
1904 =item Ignoring A Thread
1908 =item Threads And Data
1912 =item Shared And Unshared Data
1914 =item Thread Pitfalls: Races
1918 =item Synchronization and control
1922 =item Controlling access: lock()
1924 =item A Thread Pitfall: Deadlocks
1926 =item Queues: Passing Data Around
1928 =item Semaphores: Synchronizing Data Access
1930 =item Basic semaphores
1932 =item Advanced Semaphores
1934 =item cond_wait() and cond_signal()
1938 =item General Thread Utility Routines
1942 =item What Thread Am I In?
1946 =item Are These Threads The Same?
1948 =item What Threads Are Running?
1952 =item A Complete Example
1954 =item Performance considerations
1956 =item Threadsafety of System Libraries
1964 =item Introductory Texts
1966 =item OS-Related References
1968 =item Other References
1972 =item Acknowledgements
1980 =head2 perlothrtut - old tutorial on threads in Perl
1986 =item What Is A Thread Anyway?
1988 =item Threaded Program Models
2000 =item Native threads
2002 =item What kind of threads are perl threads?
2004 =item Threadsafe Modules
2010 =item Basic Thread Support
2012 =item Creating Threads
2014 =item Giving up control
2016 =item Waiting For A Thread To Exit
2018 =item Errors In Threads
2020 =item Ignoring A Thread
2024 =item Threads And Data
2028 =item Shared And Unshared Data
2030 =item Thread Pitfall: Races
2032 =item Controlling access: lock()
2034 =item Thread Pitfall: Deadlocks
2036 =item Queues: Passing Data Around
2040 =item Threads And Code
2044 =item Semaphores: Synchronizing Data Access
2046 Basic semaphores, Advanced Semaphores
2048 =item Attributes: Restricting Access To Subroutines
2050 =item Subroutine Locks
2054 =item Locking A Subroutine
2058 =item General Thread Utility Routines
2062 =item What Thread Am I In?
2066 =item Are These Threads The Same?
2068 =item What Threads Are Running?
2072 =item A Complete Example
2080 =item Introductory Texts
2082 =item OS-Related References
2084 =item Other References
2088 =item Acknowledgements
2096 =head2 perlport - Writing portable Perl
2102 Not all Perl programs have to be portable, Nearly all of Perl already I<is>
2111 =item Numbers endianness and Width
2113 =item Files and Filesystems
2115 =item System Interaction
2117 =item Command names versus file pathnames
2119 =item Interprocess Communication (IPC)
2121 =item External Subroutines (XS)
2123 =item Standard Modules
2127 =item Character sets and character encoding
2129 =item Internationalisation
2131 =item System Resources
2141 Mailing list: cpan-testers@perl.org, Testing results:
2142 http://testers.cpan.org/
2150 =item DOS and Derivatives
2158 =item EBCDIC Platforms
2166 =item FUNCTION IMPLEMENTATIONS
2170 =item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions
2172 -I<X> FILEHANDLE, -I<X> EXPR, -I<X>, alarm SECONDS, alarm, binmode
2173 FILEHANDLE, chmod LIST, chown LIST, chroot FILENAME, chroot, crypt
2174 PLAINTEXT,SALT, dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MODE, dump LABEL, exec
2175 LIST, exit EXPR, exit, fcntl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, flock
2176 FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, fork, getlogin, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority
2177 WHICH,WHO, getpwnam NAME, getgrnam NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getpwuid UID,
2178 getgrgid GID, getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER,
2179 getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent, gethostent, getnetent,
2180 getprotoent, getservent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent STAYOPEN,
2181 setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent, endhostent,
2182 endnetent, endprotoent, endservent, getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob
2183 EXPR, glob, ioctl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, kill SIGNAL, LIST, link
2184 OLDFILE,NEWFILE, lstat FILEHANDLE, lstat EXPR, lstat, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG,
2185 msgget KEY,FLAGS, msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS, msgrcv ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, open
2186 FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE, pipe READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, readlink
2187 EXPR, readlink, select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, semctl ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG,
2188 semget KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, setgrent, setpgrp PID,PGRP,
2189 setpriority WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setpwent, setsockopt
2190 SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS,
2191 shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE, shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, sockatmark SOCKET,
2192 socketpair SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, stat FILEHANDLE, stat
2193 EXPR, stat, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen
2194 FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, system LIST, times, truncate
2195 FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, umask EXPR, umask, utime LIST,
2196 wait, waitpid PID,FLAGS
2202 v1.48, 02 February 2001, v1.47, 22 March 2000, v1.46, 12 February 2000,
2203 v1.45, 20 December 1999, v1.44, 19 July 1999, v1.43, 24 May 1999, v1.42, 22
2204 May 1999, v1.41, 19 May 1999, v1.40, 11 April 1999, v1.39, 11 February
2205 1999, v1.38, 31 December 1998, v1.37, 19 December 1998, v1.36, 9 September
2206 1998, v1.35, 13 August 1998, v1.33, 06 August 1998, v1.32, 05 August 1998,
2207 v1.30, 03 August 1998, v1.23, 10 July 1998
2209 =item Supported Platforms
2213 =item AUTHORS / CONTRIBUTORS
2217 =head2 perllocale - Perl locale handling (internationalization and
2224 =item PREPARING TO USE LOCALES
2230 =item The use locale pragma
2232 =item The setlocale function
2234 =item Finding locales
2236 =item LOCALE PROBLEMS
2238 =item Temporarily fixing locale problems
2240 =item Permanently fixing locale problems
2242 =item Permanently fixing your system's locale configuration
2244 =item Fixing system locale configuration
2246 =item The localeconv function
2248 =item I18N::Langinfo
2252 =item LOCALE CATEGORIES
2256 =item Category LC_COLLATE: Collation
2258 =item Category LC_CTYPE: Character Types
2260 =item Category LC_NUMERIC: Numeric Formatting
2262 =item Category LC_MONETARY: Formatting of monetary amounts
2266 =item Other categories
2274 PERL_BADLANG, LC_ALL, LANGUAGE, LC_CTYPE, LC_COLLATE, LC_MONETARY,
2275 LC_NUMERIC, LC_TIME, LANG
2281 =item Backward compatibility
2283 =item I18N:Collate obsolete
2285 =item Sort speed and memory use impacts
2287 =item write() and LC_NUMERIC
2289 =item Freely available locale definitions
2293 =item An imperfect standard
2297 =item Unicode and UTF-8
2303 =item Broken systems
2313 =head2 perluniintro - Perl Unicode introduction
2323 =item Perl's Unicode Support
2325 =item Perl's Unicode Model
2327 =item Unicode and EBCDIC
2329 =item Creating Unicode
2331 =item Handling Unicode
2333 =item Legacy Encodings
2337 =item Displaying Unicode As Text
2341 =item Advanced Topics
2345 =item Questions With Answers
2347 =item Hexadecimal Notation
2349 =item Further Resources
2353 =item UNICODE IN OLDER PERLS
2357 =item ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
2359 =item AUTHOR, COPYRIGHT, AND LICENSE
2363 =head2 perlunicode - Unicode support in Perl
2371 =item Important Caveats
2373 Input and Output Disciplines, Regular Expressions, C<use utf8> still needed
2374 to enable UTF-8/UTF-EBCDIC in scripts
2376 =item Byte and Character Semantics
2378 =item Effects of Character Semantics
2384 =item User-Defined Character Properties
2386 =item Character Encodings for Input and Output
2388 =item Unicode Regular Expression Support Level
2390 =item Unicode Encodings
2392 =item Security Implications of Unicode
2394 =item Unicode in Perl on EBCDIC
2398 =item Using Unicode in XS
2406 =item Interaction with Locales
2408 =item Interaction with Extensions
2418 =head2 perlebcdic - Considerations for running Perl on EBCDIC platforms
2424 =item COMMON CHARACTER CODE SETS
2432 =item Latin 1 (ISO 8859-1)
2436 =item 13 variant characters
2444 =item Unicode code points versus EBCDIC code points
2446 =item Remaining Perl Unicode problems in EBCDIC
2448 =item Unicode and UTF
2454 =item SINGLE OCTET TABLES
2456 recipe 0, recipe 1, recipe 2, recipe 3, recipe 4, recipe 5, recipe 6
2458 =item IDENTIFYING CHARACTER CODE SETS
2472 =item OPERATOR DIFFERENCES
2474 =item FUNCTION DIFFERENCES
2476 chr(), ord(), pack(), print(), printf(), sort(), sprintf(), unpack()
2478 =item REGULAR EXPRESSION DIFFERENCES
2486 =item Ignore ASCII vs. EBCDIC sort differences.
2488 =item MONO CASE then sort data.
2490 =item Convert, sort data, then re convert.
2492 =item Perform sorting on one type of machine only.
2496 =item TRANSFORMATION FORMATS
2500 =item URL decoding and encoding
2502 =item uu encoding and decoding
2504 =item Quoted-Printable encoding and decoding
2506 =item Caesarian ciphers
2510 =item Hashing order and checksums
2514 =item MULTI OCTET CHARACTER SETS
2526 chcp, dataset access, OS/390, z/OS iconv, locales
2546 =head2 perlsec - Perl security
2554 =item Laundering and Detecting Tainted Data
2556 =item Switches On the "#!" Line
2558 =item Cleaning Up Your Path
2562 =item Protecting Your Programs
2572 =head2 perlmod - Perl modules (packages and symbol tables)
2584 =item Package Constructors and Destructors
2590 =item Making your module threadsafe
2598 =head2 perlmodinstall - Installing CPAN Modules
2608 B<DECOMPRESS> the file, B<UNPACK> the file into a directory, B<BUILD> the
2609 module (sometimes unnecessary), B<INSTALL> the module
2623 =head2 perlmodlib - constructing new Perl modules and finding existing ones
2629 =item THE PERL MODULE LIBRARY
2633 =item Pragmatic Modules
2635 attributes, attrs, autouse, base, bigint, bignum, bigrat, blib, bytes,
2636 charnames, constant, diagnostics, encoding, fields, filetest, if, integer,
2637 less, locale, open, ops, overload, re, sigtrap, sort, strict, subs,
2638 threads, utf8, vars, vmsish, warnings, warnings::register
2640 =item Standard Modules
2642 AnyDBM_File, Attribute::Handlers, AutoLoader, AutoSplit, B, B::Asmdata,
2643 B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Concise, B::Debug,
2644 B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex, B::Stackobj, B::Stash,
2645 B::Terse, B::Xref, Benchmark, ByteLoader, CGI, CGI::Apache, CGI::Carp,
2646 CGI::Cookie, CGI::Fast, CGI::Pretty, CGI::Push, CGI::Switch, CGI::Util,
2647 CPAN, CPAN::FirstTime, CPAN::Nox, Carp, Carp::Heavy, Class::ISA,
2648 Class::Struct, Config, Cwd, DB, DB_File, Devel::SelfStubber, Digest,
2649 DirHandle, Dumpvalue, Encode, English, Env, Errno, Exporter,
2650 Exporter::Heavy, ExtUtils::Command, ExtUtils::Command::MM,
2651 ExtUtils::Constant, ExtUtils::Embed, ExtUtils::Install,
2652 ExtUtils::Installed, ExtUtils::Liblist, ExtUtils::MM, ExtUtils::MM_Any,
2653 ExtUtils::MM_BeOS, ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin, ExtUtils::MM_DOS,
2654 ExtUtils::MM_MacOS, ExtUtils::MM_NW5, ExtUtils::MM_OS2, ExtUtils::MM_UWIN,
2655 ExtUtils::MM_Unix, ExtUtils::MM_VMS, ExtUtils::MM_Win32,
2656 ExtUtils::MM_Win95, ExtUtils::MY, ExtUtils::MakeMaker, ExtUtils::Manifest,
2657 ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap, ExtUtils::Mksymlists, ExtUtils::Packlist,
2658 ExtUtils::testlib, Fatal, Fcntl, File::Basename, File::CheckTree,
2659 File::Compare, File::Copy, File::DosGlob, File::Find, File::Path,
2660 File::Spec, File::Spec::Cygwin, File::Spec::Epoc, File::Spec::Functions,
2661 File::Spec::Mac, File::Spec::NW5, File::Spec::OS2, File::Spec::Unix,
2662 File::Spec::VMS, File::Spec::Win32, File::Temp, File::stat, FileCache,
2663 FileHandle, Filter::Simple, FindBin, Getopt::Long, Getopt::Std, Hash::Util,
2664 I18N::Collate, I18N::LangTags, I18N::LangTags::List, IO, IPC::Open2,
2665 IPC::Open3, Locale::Constants, Locale::Country, Locale::Currency,
2666 Locale::Language, Locale::Maketext, Locale::Maketext::TPJ13,
2667 Locale::Script, Math::BigFloat, Math::BigInt, Math::BigInt::Calc,
2668 Math::BigRat, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Memoize, Memoize::AnyDBM_File,
2669 Memoize::Expire, Memoize::ExpireFile, Memoize::ExpireTest,
2670 Memoize::NDBM_File, Memoize::SDBM_File, Memoize::Storable, NDBM_File, NEXT,
2671 Net::Cmd, Net::Config, Net::Domain, Net::FTP, Net::NNTP, Net::Netrc,
2672 Net::POP3, Net::Ping, Net::SMTP, Net::Time, Net::hostent, Net::libnetFAQ,
2673 Net::netent, Net::protoent, Net::servent, O, ODBM_File, Opcode, POSIX,
2674 PerlIO, Pod::Checker, Pod::Find, Pod::Functions, Pod::Html,
2675 Pod::InputObjects, Pod::LaTeX, Pod::Man, Pod::ParseLink, Pod::ParseUtils,
2676 Pod::Parser, Pod::Plainer, Pod::Select, Pod::Text, Pod::Text::Color,
2677 Pod::Text::Overstrike, Pod::Text::Termcap, Pod::Usage, SDBM_File, Safe,
2678 Search::Dict, SelectSaver, SelfLoader, Shell, Socket, Storable, Switch,
2679 Symbol, Term::ANSIColor, Term::Cap, Term::Complete, Term::ReadLine, Test,
2680 Test::Builder, Test::Harness, Test::Harness::Assert,
2681 Test::Harness::Iterator, Test::Harness::Straps, Test::More, Test::Simple,
2682 Test::Tutorial, Text::Abbrev, Text::Balanced, Text::ParseWords,
2683 Text::Soundex, Text::Tabs, Text::Wrap, Thread, Thread::Queue,
2684 Thread::Semaphore, Tie::Array, Tie::File, Tie::Handle, Tie::Hash,
2685 Tie::Memoize, Tie::RefHash, Tie::Scalar, Tie::SubstrHash, Time::Local,
2686 Time::gmtime, Time::localtime, Time::tm, UNIVERSAL, Unicode::Collate,
2687 Unicode::UCD, User::grent, User::pwent, Win32
2689 =item Extension Modules
2701 =item Central America
2713 =item Modules: Creation, Use, and Abuse
2717 =item Guidelines for Module Creation
2719 =item Guidelines for Converting Perl 4 Library Scripts into Modules
2721 =item Guidelines for Reusing Application Code
2729 =head2 perlmodstyle - Perl module style guide
2735 =item QUICK CHECKLIST
2739 =item Before you start
2747 =item Release considerations
2751 =item BEFORE YOU START WRITING A MODULE
2755 =item Has it been done before?
2757 =item Do one thing and do it well
2759 =item What's in a name?
2763 =item DESIGNING AND WRITING YOUR MODULE
2767 =item To OO or not to OO?
2769 =item Designing your API
2771 Write simple routines to do simple things, Separate functionality from
2772 output, Provide sensible shortcuts and defaults, Naming conventions,
2775 =item Strictness and warnings
2777 =item Backwards compatibility
2779 =item Error handling and messages
2783 =item DOCUMENTING YOUR MODULE
2789 =item README, INSTALL, release notes, changelogs
2793 =item RELEASE CONSIDERATIONS
2797 =item Version numbering
2799 =item Pre-requisites
2809 =item COMMON PITFALLS
2813 =item Reinventing the wheel
2815 =item Trying to do too much
2817 =item Inappropriate documentation
2823 L<perlstyle>, L<perlnewmod>, L<perlpod>, L<podchecker>, Testing tools,
2824 http://pause.perl.org/, Any good book on software engineering
2830 =head2 perlnewmod - preparing a new module for distribution
2840 =item What should I make into a module?
2842 =item Step-by-step: Preparing the ground
2844 Look around, Check it's new, Discuss the need, Choose a name, Check again
2846 =item Step-by-step: Making the module
2848 Start with F<h2xs>, Use L<strict|strict> and L<warnings|warnings>, Use
2849 L<Carp|Carp>, Use L<Exporter|Exporter> - wisely!, Use L<plain old
2850 documentation|perlpod>, Write tests, Write the README
2852 =item Step-by-step: Distributing your module
2854 Get a CPAN user ID, C<perl Makefile.PL; make test; make dist>, Upload the
2855 tarball, Announce to the modules list, Announce to clpa, Fix bugs!
2865 =head2 perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl ($Revision: 1.8 $, $Date:
2866 2002/04/07 18:46:13 $)
2876 =item Who supports Perl? Who develops it? Why is it free?
2878 =item Which version of Perl should I use?
2880 =item What are perl4 and perl5?
2882 =item What is perl6?
2884 =item How stable is Perl?
2886 =item Is Perl difficult to learn?
2888 =item How does Perl compare with other languages like Java, Python, REXX,
2891 =item Can I do [task] in Perl?
2893 =item When shouldn't I program in Perl?
2895 =item What's the difference between "perl" and "Perl"?
2897 =item Is it a Perl program or a Perl script?
2899 =item What is a JAPH?
2901 =item Where can I get a list of Larry Wall witticisms?
2903 =item How can I convince my sysadmin/supervisor/employees to use version
2904 5/5.6.1/Perl instead of some other language?
2908 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
2912 =head2 perlfaq2 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl ($Revision: 1.13 $,
2913 $Date: 2002/04/26 16:56:35 $)
2921 =item What machines support Perl? Where do I get it?
2923 =item How can I get a binary version of Perl?
2925 =item I don't have a C compiler on my system. How can I compile perl?
2927 =item I copied the Perl binary from one machine to another, but scripts
2930 =item I grabbed the sources and tried to compile but gdbm/dynamic
2931 loading/malloc/linking/... failed. How do I make it work?
2933 =item What modules and extensions are available for Perl? What is CPAN?
2934 What does CPAN/src/... mean?
2936 =item Is there an ISO or ANSI certified version of Perl?
2938 =item Where can I get information on Perl?
2940 =item What are the Perl newsgroups on Usenet? Where do I post questions?
2942 =item Where should I post source code?
2946 References, Tutorials, Task-Oriented, Special Topics
2948 =item Perl in Magazines
2950 =item Perl on the Net: FTP and WWW Access
2952 =item What mailing lists are there for Perl?
2954 =item Archives of comp.lang.perl.misc
2956 =item Where can I buy a commercial version of Perl?
2958 =item Where do I send bug reports?
2960 =item What is perl.com? Perl Mongers? pm.org? perl.org? cpan.org?
2964 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
2968 =head2 perlfaq3 - Programming Tools ($Revision: 1.22 $, $Date: 2002/05/06
2977 =item How do I do (anything)?
2979 =item How can I use Perl interactively?
2981 =item Is there a Perl shell?
2983 =item How do I debug my Perl programs?
2985 =item How do I profile my Perl programs?
2987 =item How do I cross-reference my Perl programs?
2989 =item Is there a pretty-printer (formatter) for Perl?
2991 =item Is there a ctags for Perl?
2993 =item Is there an IDE or Windows Perl Editor?
2995 Komodo, The Object System, Open Perl IDE, PerlBuilder, visiPerl+, OptiPerl,
2996 CodeMagicCD, GNU Emacs, MicroEMACS, XEmacs, Elvis, Vile, Vim, Codewright,
2997 MultiEdit, SlickEdit, Bash, Ksh, Tcsh, Zsh, BBEdit and BBEdit Lite, Alpha
2999 =item Where can I get Perl macros for vi?
3001 =item Where can I get perl-mode for emacs?
3003 =item How can I use curses with Perl?
3005 =item How can I use X or Tk with Perl?
3007 =item How can I generate simple menus without using CGI or Tk?
3009 =item How can I make my Perl program run faster?
3011 =item How can I make my Perl program take less memory?
3013 Don't slurp!, Use map and grep selectively, Avoid unnecessary quotes and
3014 stringification, Pass by reference, Tie large variables to disk
3016 =item Is it unsafe to return a pointer to local data?
3018 =item How can I free an array or hash so my program shrinks?
3020 =item How can I make my CGI script more efficient?
3022 =item How can I hide the source for my Perl program?
3024 =item How can I compile my Perl program into byte code or C?
3026 =item How can I compile Perl into Java?
3028 =item How can I get C<#!perl> to work on [MS-DOS,NT,...]?
3030 =item Can I write useful Perl programs on the command line?
3032 =item Why don't Perl one-liners work on my DOS/Mac/VMS system?
3034 =item Where can I learn about CGI or Web programming in Perl?
3036 =item Where can I learn about object-oriented Perl programming?
3038 =item Where can I learn about linking C with Perl? [h2xs, xsubpp]
3040 =item I've read perlembed, perlguts, etc., but I can't embed perl in
3041 my C program; what am I doing wrong?
3043 =item When I tried to run my script, I got this message. What does it mean?
3045 =item What's MakeMaker?
3049 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
3053 =head2 perlfaq4 - Data Manipulation ($Revision: 1.25 $, $Date: 2002/05/30
3064 =item Why am I getting long decimals (eg, 19.9499999999999) instead of the
3065 numbers I should be getting (eg, 19.95)?
3067 =item Why isn't my octal data interpreted correctly?
3069 =item Does Perl have a round() function? What about ceil() and floor()?
3072 =item How do I convert between numeric representations?
3074 How do I convert hexadecimal into decimal, How do I convert from decimal to
3075 hexadecimal, How do I convert from octal to decimal, How do I convert from
3076 decimal to octal, How do I convert from binary to decimal, How do I convert
3077 from decimal to binary
3079 =item Why doesn't & work the way I want it to?
3081 =item How do I multiply matrices?
3083 =item How do I perform an operation on a series of integers?
3085 =item How can I output Roman numerals?
3087 =item Why aren't my random numbers random?
3089 =item How do I get a random number between X and Y?
3097 =item How do I find the week-of-the-year/day-of-the-year?
3099 =item How do I find the current century or millennium?
3101 =item How can I compare two dates and find the difference?
3103 =item How can I take a string and turn it into epoch seconds?
3105 =item How can I find the Julian Day?
3107 =item How do I find yesterday's date?
3109 =item Does Perl have a Year 2000 problem? Is Perl Y2K compliant?
3117 =item How do I validate input?
3119 =item How do I unescape a string?
3121 =item How do I remove consecutive pairs of characters?
3123 =item How do I expand function calls in a string?
3125 =item How do I find matching/nesting anything?
3127 =item How do I reverse a string?
3129 =item How do I expand tabs in a string?
3131 =item How do I reformat a paragraph?
3133 =item How can I access/change the first N letters of a string?
3135 =item How do I change the Nth occurrence of something?
3137 =item How can I count the number of occurrences of a substring within a
3140 =item How do I capitalize all the words on one line?
3142 =item How can I split a [character] delimited string except when inside
3143 [character]? (Comma-separated files)
3145 =item How do I strip blank space from the beginning/end of a string?
3147 =item How do I pad a string with blanks or pad a number with zeroes?
3149 =item How do I extract selected columns from a string?
3151 =item How do I find the soundex value of a string?
3153 =item How can I expand variables in text strings?
3155 =item What's wrong with always quoting "$vars"?
3157 =item Why don't my <<HERE documents work?
3159 1. There must be no space after the << part, 2. There (probably) should be
3160 a semicolon at the end, 3. You can't (easily) have any space in front of
3169 =item What is the difference between a list and an array?
3171 =item What is the difference between $array[1] and @array[1]?
3173 =item How can I remove duplicate elements from a list or array?
3177 =item How can I tell whether a certain element is contained in a list or
3180 =item How do I compute the difference of two arrays? How do I compute the
3181 intersection of two arrays?
3183 =item How do I test whether two arrays or hashes are equal?
3185 =item How do I find the first array element for which a condition is true?
3187 =item How do I handle linked lists?
3189 =item How do I handle circular lists?
3191 =item How do I shuffle an array randomly?
3193 =item How do I process/modify each element of an array?
3195 =item How do I select a random element from an array?
3197 =item How do I permute N elements of a list?
3199 =item How do I sort an array by (anything)?
3201 =item How do I manipulate arrays of bits?
3203 =item Why does defined() return true on empty arrays and hashes?
3207 =item Data: Hashes (Associative Arrays)
3211 =item How do I process an entire hash?
3213 =item What happens if I add or remove keys from a hash while iterating over
3216 =item How do I look up a hash element by value?
3218 =item How can I know how many entries are in a hash?
3220 =item How do I sort a hash (optionally by value instead of key)?
3222 =item How can I always keep my hash sorted?
3224 =item What's the difference between "delete" and "undef" with hashes?
3226 =item Why don't my tied hashes make the defined/exists distinction?
3228 =item How do I reset an each() operation part-way through?
3230 =item How can I get the unique keys from two hashes?
3232 =item How can I store a multidimensional array in a DBM file?
3234 =item How can I make my hash remember the order I put elements into it?
3236 =item Why does passing a subroutine an undefined element in a hash create
3239 =item How can I make the Perl equivalent of a C structure/C++ class/hash or
3240 array of hashes or arrays?
3242 =item How can I use a reference as a hash key?
3250 =item How do I handle binary data correctly?
3252 =item How do I determine whether a scalar is a number/whole/integer/float?
3254 =item How do I keep persistent data across program calls?
3256 =item How do I print out or copy a recursive data structure?
3258 =item How do I define methods for every class/object?
3260 =item How do I verify a credit card checksum?
3262 =item How do I pack arrays of doubles or floats for XS code?
3266 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
3270 =head2 perlfaq5 - Files and Formats ($Revision: 1.18 $, $Date: 2002/05/30
3279 =item How do I flush/unbuffer an output filehandle? Why must I do this?
3281 =item How do I change one line in a file/delete a line in a file/insert a
3282 line in the middle of a file/append to the beginning of a file?
3284 =item How do I count the number of lines in a file?
3286 =item How do I make a temporary file name?
3288 =item How can I manipulate fixed-record-length files?
3290 =item How can I make a filehandle local to a subroutine? How do I pass
3291 filehandles between subroutines? How do I make an array of filehandles?
3293 =item How can I use a filehandle indirectly?
3295 =item How can I set up a footer format to be used with write()?
3297 =item How can I write() into a string?
3299 =item How can I output my numbers with commas added?
3301 =item How can I translate tildes (~) in a filename?
3303 =item How come when I open a file read-write it wipes it out?
3305 =item Why do I sometimes get an "Argument list too long" when I use <*>?
3307 =item Is there a leak/bug in glob()?
3309 =item How can I open a file with a leading ">" or trailing blanks?
3311 =item How can I reliably rename a file?
3313 =item How can I lock a file?
3315 =item Why can't I just open(FH, ">file.lock")?
3317 =item I still don't get locking. I just want to increment the number in
3318 the file. How can I do this?
3320 =item All I want to do is append a small amount of text to the end of a
3321 file. Do I still have to use locking?
3323 =item How do I randomly update a binary file?
3325 =item How do I get a file's timestamp in perl?
3327 =item How do I set a file's timestamp in perl?
3329 =item How do I print to more than one file at once?
3331 =item How can I read in an entire file all at once?
3333 =item How can I read in a file by paragraphs?
3335 =item How can I read a single character from a file? From the keyboard?
3337 =item How can I tell whether there's a character waiting on a filehandle?
3339 =item How do I do a C<tail -f> in perl?
3341 =item How do I dup() a filehandle in Perl?
3343 =item How do I close a file descriptor by number?
3345 =item Why can't I use "C:\temp\foo" in DOS paths? Why doesn't
3346 `C:\temp\foo.exe` work?
3348 =item Why doesn't glob("*.*") get all the files?
3350 =item Why does Perl let me delete read-only files? Why does C<-i> clobber
3351 protected files? Isn't this a bug in Perl?
3353 =item How do I select a random line from a file?
3355 =item Why do I get weird spaces when I print an array of lines?
3359 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
3363 =head2 perlfaq6 - Regular Expressions ($Revision: 1.12 $, $Date: 2002/06/01
3372 =item How can I hope to use regular expressions without creating illegible
3373 and unmaintainable code?
3375 Comments Outside the Regex, Comments Inside the Regex, Different Delimiters
3377 =item I'm having trouble matching over more than one line. What's wrong?
3379 =item How can I pull out lines between two patterns that are themselves on
3382 =item I put a regular expression into $/ but it didn't work. What's wrong?
3384 =item How do I substitute case insensitively on the LHS while preserving
3387 =item How can I make C<\w> match national character sets?
3389 =item How can I match a locale-smart version of C</[a-zA-Z]/>?
3391 =item How can I quote a variable to use in a regex?
3393 =item What is C</o> really for?
3395 =item How do I use a regular expression to strip C style comments from a
3398 =item Can I use Perl regular expressions to match balanced text?
3400 =item What does it mean that regexes are greedy? How can I get around it?
3402 =item How do I process each word on each line?
3404 =item How can I print out a word-frequency or line-frequency summary?
3406 =item How can I do approximate matching?
3408 =item How do I efficiently match many regular expressions at once?
3410 =item Why don't word-boundary searches with C<\b> work for me?
3412 =item Why does using $&, $`, or $' slow my program down?
3414 =item What good is C<\G> in a regular expression?
3416 =item Are Perl regexes DFAs or NFAs? Are they POSIX compliant?
3418 =item What's wrong with using grep or map in a void context?
3420 =item How can I match strings with multibyte characters?
3422 =item How do I match a pattern that is supplied by the user?
3426 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
3430 =head2 perlfaq7 - General Perl Language Issues ($Revision: 1.8 $, $Date:
3431 2002/03/26 15:48:32 $)
3439 =item Can I get a BNF/yacc/RE for the Perl language?
3441 =item What are all these $@%&* punctuation signs, and how do I know when to
3444 =item Do I always/never have to quote my strings or use semicolons and
3447 =item How do I skip some return values?
3449 =item How do I temporarily block warnings?
3451 =item What's an extension?
3453 =item Why do Perl operators have different precedence than C operators?
3455 =item How do I declare/create a structure?
3457 =item How do I create a module?
3459 =item How do I create a class?
3461 =item How can I tell if a variable is tainted?
3463 =item What's a closure?
3465 =item What is variable suicide and how can I prevent it?
3467 =item How can I pass/return a {Function, FileHandle, Array, Hash, Method,
3470 Passing Variables and Functions, Passing Filehandles, Passing Regexes,
3473 =item How do I create a static variable?
3475 =item What's the difference between dynamic and lexical (static) scoping?
3476 Between local() and my()?
3478 =item How can I access a dynamic variable while a similarly named lexical
3481 =item What's the difference between deep and shallow binding?
3483 =item Why doesn't "my($foo) = <FILE>;" work right?
3485 =item How do I redefine a builtin function, operator, or method?
3487 =item What's the difference between calling a function as &foo and foo()?
3489 =item How do I create a switch or case statement?
3491 =item How can I catch accesses to undefined variables/functions/methods?
3493 =item Why can't a method included in this same file be found?
3495 =item How can I find out my current package?
3497 =item How can I comment out a large block of perl code?
3499 =item How do I clear a package?
3501 =item How can I use a variable as a variable name?
3505 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
3509 =head2 perlfaq8 - System Interaction ($Revision: 1.8 $, $Date: 2002/05/16
3518 =item How do I find out which operating system I'm running under?
3520 =item How come exec() doesn't return?
3522 =item How do I do fancy stuff with the keyboard/screen/mouse?
3524 Keyboard, Screen, Mouse
3526 =item How do I print something out in color?
3528 =item How do I read just one key without waiting for a return key?
3530 =item How do I check whether input is ready on the keyboard?
3532 =item How do I clear the screen?
3534 =item How do I get the screen size?
3536 =item How do I ask the user for a password?
3538 =item How do I read and write the serial port?
3540 lockfiles, open mode, end of line, flushing output, non-blocking input
3542 =item How do I decode encrypted password files?
3544 =item How do I start a process in the background?
3546 STDIN, STDOUT, and STDERR are shared, Signals, Zombies
3548 =item How do I trap control characters/signals?
3550 =item How do I modify the shadow password file on a Unix system?
3552 =item How do I set the time and date?
3554 =item How can I sleep() or alarm() for under a second?
3556 =item How can I measure time under a second?
3558 =item How can I do an atexit() or setjmp()/longjmp()? (Exception handling)
3560 =item Why doesn't my sockets program work under System V (Solaris)? What
3561 does the error message "Protocol not supported" mean?
3563 =item How can I call my system's unique C functions from Perl?
3565 =item Where do I get the include files to do ioctl() or syscall()?
3567 =item Why do setuid perl scripts complain about kernel problems?
3569 =item How can I open a pipe both to and from a command?
3571 =item Why can't I get the output of a command with system()?
3573 =item How can I capture STDERR from an external command?
3575 =item Why doesn't open() return an error when a pipe open fails?
3577 =item What's wrong with using backticks in a void context?
3579 =item How can I call backticks without shell processing?
3581 =item Why can't my script read from STDIN after I gave it EOF (^D on Unix,
3584 =item How can I convert my shell script to perl?
3586 =item Can I use perl to run a telnet or ftp session?
3588 =item How can I write expect in Perl?
3590 =item Is there a way to hide perl's command line from programs such as
3593 =item I {changed directory, modified my environment} in a perl script. How
3594 come the change disappeared when I exited the script? How do I get my
3595 changes to be visible?
3599 =item How do I close a process's filehandle without waiting for it to
3602 =item How do I fork a daemon process?
3604 =item How do I find out if I'm running interactively or not?
3606 =item How do I timeout a slow event?
3608 =item How do I set CPU limits?
3610 =item How do I avoid zombies on a Unix system?
3612 =item How do I use an SQL database?
3614 =item How do I make a system() exit on control-C?
3616 =item How do I open a file without blocking?
3618 =item How do I install a module from CPAN?
3620 =item What's the difference between require and use?
3622 =item How do I keep my own module/library directory?
3624 =item How do I add the directory my program lives in to the module/library
3627 =item How do I add a directory to my include path at runtime?
3629 =item What is socket.ph and where do I get it?
3633 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
3637 =head2 perlfaq9 - Networking ($Revision: 1.9 $, $Date: 2002/04/07 18:46:13
3646 =item What is the correct form of response from a CGI script?
3648 =item My CGI script runs from the command line but not the browser. (500
3651 =item How can I get better error messages from a CGI program?
3653 =item How do I remove HTML from a string?
3655 =item How do I extract URLs?
3657 =item How do I download a file from the user's machine? How do I open a
3658 file on another machine?
3660 =item How do I make a pop-up menu in HTML?
3662 =item How do I fetch an HTML file?
3664 =item How do I automate an HTML form submission?
3666 =item How do I decode or create those %-encodings on the web?
3668 =item How do I redirect to another page?
3670 =item How do I put a password on my web pages?
3672 =item How do I edit my .htpasswd and .htgroup files with Perl?
3674 =item How do I make sure users can't enter values into a form that cause my
3675 CGI script to do bad things?
3677 =item How do I parse a mail header?
3679 =item How do I decode a CGI form?
3681 =item How do I check a valid mail address?
3683 =item How do I decode a MIME/BASE64 string?
3685 =item How do I return the user's mail address?
3687 =item How do I send mail?
3689 =item How do I use MIME to make an attachment to a mail message?
3691 =item How do I read mail?
3693 =item How do I find out my hostname/domainname/IP address?
3695 =item How do I fetch a news article or the active newsgroups?
3697 =item How do I fetch/put an FTP file?
3699 =item How can I do RPC in Perl?
3703 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
3707 =head2 perlcompile - Introduction to the Perl Compiler-Translator
3717 B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Lint, B::Deparse, B::Xref
3721 =item Using The Back Ends
3725 =item The Cross Referencing Back End
3729 =item The Decompiling Back End
3731 =item The Lint Back End
3733 =item The Simple C Back End
3735 =item The Bytecode Back End
3737 =item The Optimized C Back End
3741 =item Module List for the Compiler Suite
3743 B, O, B::Asmdata, B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC,
3744 B::Concise, B::Debug, B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex,
3745 B::Stackobj, B::Stash, B::Terse, B::Xref
3747 =item KNOWN PROBLEMS
3753 =head2 perlembed - how to embed perl in your C program
3763 B<Use C from Perl?>, B<Use a Unix program from Perl?>, B<Use Perl from
3764 Perl?>, B<Use C from C?>, B<Use Perl from C?>
3768 =item Compiling your C program
3770 =item Adding a Perl interpreter to your C program
3772 =item Calling a Perl subroutine from your C program
3774 =item Evaluating a Perl statement from your C program
3776 =item Performing Perl pattern matches and substitutions from your C program
3778 =item Fiddling with the Perl stack from your C program
3780 =item Maintaining a persistent interpreter
3782 =item Execution of END blocks
3784 =item Maintaining multiple interpreter instances
3786 =item Using Perl modules, which themselves use C libraries, from your C
3791 =item Embedding Perl under Win32
3801 =head2 perldebguts - Guts of Perl debugging
3807 =item Debugger Internals
3811 =item Writing Your Own Debugger
3815 =item Frame Listing Output Examples
3817 =item Debugging regular expressions
3821 =item Compile-time output
3823 C<anchored> I<STRING> C<at> I<POS>, C<floating> I<STRING> C<at>
3824 I<POS1..POS2>, C<matching floating/anchored>, C<minlen>, C<stclass>
3825 I<TYPE>, C<noscan>, C<isall>, C<GPOS>, C<plus>, C<implicit>, C<with eval>,
3828 =item Types of nodes
3830 =item Run-time output
3834 =item Debugging Perl memory usage
3838 =item Using C<$ENV{PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS}>
3840 C<buckets SMALLEST(APPROX)..GREATEST(APPROX)>, Free/Used, C<Total sbrk():
3841 SBRKed/SBRKs:CONTINUOUS>, C<pad: 0>, C<heads: 2192>, C<chain: 0>, C<tail:
3844 =item Example of using B<-DL> switch
3846 C<717>, C<002>, C<054>, C<602>, C<702>, C<704>
3848 =item B<-DL> details
3852 =item Limitations of B<-DL> statistics
3860 =head2 perlxstut, perlXStut - Tutorial for writing XSUBs
3872 =item Version caveat
3874 =item Dynamic Loading versus Static Loading
3886 =item What has gone on?
3888 =item Writing good test scripts
3892 =item What's new here?
3894 =item Input and Output Parameters
3896 =item The XSUBPP Program
3898 =item The TYPEMAP file
3900 =item Warning about Output Arguments
3904 =item What has happened here?
3906 =item Anatomy of .xs file
3908 =item Getting the fat out of XSUBs
3910 =item More about XSUB arguments
3912 =item The Argument Stack
3914 =item Extending your Extension
3916 =item Documenting your Extension
3918 =item Installing your Extension
3922 =item New Things in this Example
3926 =item New Things in this Example
3928 =item EXAMPLE 7 (Coming Soon)
3930 =item EXAMPLE 8 (Coming Soon)
3932 =item EXAMPLE 9 Passing open files to XSes
3934 =item Troubleshooting these Examples
3950 =head2 perlxs - XS language reference manual
3962 =item The Anatomy of an XSUB
3964 =item The Argument Stack
3966 =item The RETVAL Variable
3968 =item The MODULE Keyword
3970 =item The PACKAGE Keyword
3972 =item The PREFIX Keyword
3974 =item The OUTPUT: Keyword
3976 =item The NO_OUTPUT Keyword
3978 =item The CODE: Keyword
3980 =item The INIT: Keyword
3982 =item The NO_INIT Keyword
3984 =item Initializing Function Parameters
3986 =item Default Parameter Values
3988 =item The PREINIT: Keyword
3990 =item The SCOPE: Keyword
3992 =item The INPUT: Keyword
3994 =item The IN/OUTLIST/IN_OUTLIST/OUT/IN_OUT Keywords
3996 =item The C<length(NAME)> Keyword
3998 =item Variable-length Parameter Lists
4000 =item The C_ARGS: Keyword
4002 =item The PPCODE: Keyword
4004 =item Returning Undef And Empty Lists
4006 =item The REQUIRE: Keyword
4008 =item The CLEANUP: Keyword
4010 =item The POSTCALL: Keyword
4012 =item The BOOT: Keyword
4014 =item The VERSIONCHECK: Keyword
4016 =item The PROTOTYPES: Keyword
4018 =item The PROTOTYPE: Keyword
4020 =item The ALIAS: Keyword
4022 =item The OVERLOAD: Keyword
4024 =item The INTERFACE: Keyword
4026 =item The INTERFACE_MACRO: Keyword
4028 =item The INCLUDE: Keyword
4030 =item The CASE: Keyword
4032 =item The & Unary Operator
4034 =item Inserting POD, Comments and C Preprocessor Directives
4036 =item Using XS With C++
4038 =item Interface Strategy
4040 =item Perl Objects And C Structures
4044 =item Safely Storing Static Data in XS
4046 MY_CXT_KEY, typedef my_cxt_t, START_MY_CXT, MY_CXT_INIT, dMY_CXT, MY_CXT
4058 =head2 perlclib - Internal replacements for standard C library functions
4068 C<t>, C<p>, C<n>, C<s>
4070 =item File Operations
4072 =item File Input and Output
4074 =item File Positioning
4076 =item Memory Management and String Handling
4078 =item Character Class Tests
4080 =item F<stdlib.h> functions
4082 =item Miscellaneous functions
4090 =head2 perlguts - Introduction to the Perl API
4102 =item What is an "IV"?
4104 =item Working with SVs
4108 =item What's Really Stored in an SV?
4110 =item Working with AVs
4112 =item Working with HVs
4114 =item Hash API Extensions
4118 =item Blessed References and Class Objects
4120 =item Creating New Variables
4122 GV_ADDMULTI, GV_ADDWARN
4124 =item Reference Counts and Mortality
4126 =item Stashes and Globs
4128 =item Double-Typed SVs
4130 =item Magic Variables
4132 =item Assigning Magic
4134 =item Magic Virtual Tables
4138 =item Understanding the Magic of Tied Hashes and Arrays
4140 =item Localizing changes
4142 C<SAVEINT(int i)>, C<SAVEIV(IV i)>, C<SAVEI32(I32 i)>, C<SAVELONG(long i)>,
4143 C<SAVESPTR(s)>, C<SAVEPPTR(p)>, C<SAVEFREESV(SV *sv)>, C<SAVEMORTALIZESV(SV
4144 *sv)>, C<SAVEFREEOP(OP *op)>, C<SAVEFREEPV(p)>, C<SAVECLEARSV(SV *sv)>,
4145 C<SAVEDELETE(HV *hv, char *key, I32 length)>,
4146 C<SAVEDESTRUCTOR(DESTRUCTORFUNC_NOCONTEXT_t f, void *p)>,
4147 C<SAVEDESTRUCTOR_X(DESTRUCTORFUNC_t f, void *p)>, C<SAVESTACK_POS()>, C<SV*
4148 save_scalar(GV *gv)>, C<AV* save_ary(GV *gv)>, C<HV* save_hash(GV *gv)>,
4149 C<void save_item(SV *item)>, C<void save_list(SV **sarg, I32 maxsarg)>,
4150 C<SV* save_svref(SV **sptr)>, C<void save_aptr(AV **aptr)>, C<void
4151 save_hptr(HV **hptr)>
4159 =item XSUBs and the Argument Stack
4161 =item Calling Perl Routines from within C Programs
4163 =item Memory Allocation
4167 =item Putting a C value on Perl stack
4171 =item Scratchpads and recursion
4181 =item Examining the tree
4183 =item Compile pass 1: check routines
4185 =item Compile pass 1a: constant folding
4187 =item Compile pass 2: context propagation
4189 =item Compile pass 3: peephole optimization
4191 =item Pluggable runops
4195 =item Examining internal data structures with the C<dump> functions
4197 =item How multiple interpreters and concurrency are supported
4201 =item Background and PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
4203 =item So what happened to dTHR?
4205 =item How do I use all this in extensions?
4207 =item Should I do anything special if I call perl from multiple threads?
4209 =item Future Plans and PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
4213 =item Internal Functions
4215 A, p, d, s, n, r, f, M, o, j, x
4219 =item Formatted Printing of IVs, UVs, and NVs
4221 =item Pointer-To-Integer and Integer-To-Pointer
4223 =item Source Documentation
4227 =item Unicode Support
4231 =item What B<is> Unicode, anyway?
4233 =item How can I recognise a UTF8 string?
4235 =item How does UTF8 represent Unicode characters?
4237 =item How does Perl store UTF8 strings?
4239 =item How do I convert a string to UTF8?
4241 =item Is there anything else I need to know?
4245 =item Custom Operators
4253 =head2 perlcall - Perl calling conventions from C
4259 An Error Handler, An Event Driven Program
4261 =item THE CALL_ FUNCTIONS
4263 call_sv, call_pv, call_method, call_argv
4283 =item Determining the Context
4287 =item KNOWN PROBLEMS
4293 =item No Parameters, Nothing returned
4295 =item Passing Parameters
4297 =item Returning a Scalar
4299 =item Returning a list of values
4301 =item Returning a list in a scalar context
4303 =item Returning Data from Perl via the parameter list
4307 =item Using G_KEEPERR
4311 =item Using call_argv
4313 =item Using call_method
4317 =item Using Perl to dispose of temporaries
4319 =item Strategies for storing Callback Context Information
4321 1. Ignore the problem - Allow only 1 callback, 2. Create a sequence of
4322 callbacks - hard wired limit, 3. Use a parameter to map to the Perl
4325 =item Alternate Stack Manipulation
4327 =item Creating and calling an anonymous subroutine in C
4339 =head2 perlutil - utilities packaged with the Perl distribution
4349 L<perldoc|perldoc>, L<pod2man|pod2man> and L<pod2text|pod2text>,
4350 L<pod2html|pod2html> and L<pod2latex|pod2latex>, L<pod2usage|pod2usage>,
4351 L<podselect|podselect>, L<podchecker|podchecker>, L<splain|splain>,
4352 L<roffitall|roffitall>
4356 L<a2p|a2p>, L<s2p|s2p>, L<find2perl|find2perl>
4358 =item Administration
4360 L<libnetcfg|libnetcfg>
4364 L<perlbug|perlbug>, L<h2ph|h2ph>, L<c2ph|c2ph> and L<pstruct|pstruct>,
4365 L<h2xs|h2xs>, L<dprofpp|dprofpp>, L<perlcc|perlcc>
4373 =head2 perlfilter - Source Filters
4383 =item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER
4385 =item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN C
4387 B<Decryption Filters>
4389 =item CREATING A SOURCE FILTER AS A SEPARATE EXECUTABLE
4391 =item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN PERL
4393 =item USING CONTEXT: THE DEBUG FILTER
4405 =head2 perldbmfilter - Perl DBM Filters
4413 B<filter_store_key>, B<filter_store_value>, B<filter_fetch_key>,
4414 B<filter_fetch_value>
4420 =item An Example -- the NULL termination problem.
4422 =item Another Example -- Key is a C int.
4432 =head2 perlapi - autogenerated documentation for the perl public API
4438 =item "Gimme" Values
4440 GIMME, GIMME_V, G_ARRAY, G_DISCARD, G_EVAL, G_NOARGS, G_SCALAR, G_VOID
4442 =item Array Manipulation Functions
4444 AvFILL, av_clear, av_delete, av_exists, av_extend, av_fetch, av_fill,
4445 av_len, av_make, av_pop, av_push, av_shift, av_store, av_undef, av_unshift,
4446 get_av, newAV, Nullav, sortsv
4448 =item Callback Functions
4450 call_argv, call_method, call_pv, call_sv, ENTER, eval_pv, eval_sv,
4451 FREETMPS, LEAVE, SAVETMPS
4453 =item Character classes
4455 isALNUM, isALPHA, isDIGIT, isLOWER, isSPACE, isUPPER, toLOWER, toUPPER
4457 =item Cloning an interpreter
4461 =item CV Manipulation Functions
4463 CvSTASH, get_cv, Nullcv
4465 =item Embedding Functions
4467 load_module, nothreadhook, perl_alloc, perl_construct, perl_destruct,
4468 perl_free, perl_parse, perl_run, require_pv
4470 =item Functions in file pp_pack.c
4472 pack_cat, unpack_str
4474 =item Global Variables
4476 PL_modglobal, PL_na, PL_sv_no, PL_sv_undef, PL_sv_yes
4480 GvSV, gv_fetchmeth, gv_fetchmethod, gv_fetchmethod_autoload,
4481 gv_fetchmeth_autoload, gv_stashpv, gv_stashsv
4485 HEf_SVKEY, Nullch, Nullsv
4487 =item Hash Manipulation Functions
4489 get_hv, HeHASH, HeKEY, HeKLEN, HePV, HeSVKEY, HeSVKEY_force, HeSVKEY_set,
4490 HeVAL, HvNAME, hv_clear, hv_delete, hv_delete_ent, hv_exists,
4491 hv_exists_ent, hv_fetch, hv_fetch_ent, hv_iterinit, hv_iterkey,
4492 hv_iterkeysv, hv_iternext, hv_iternextsv, hv_iternext_flags, hv_iterval,
4493 hv_magic, hv_store, hv_store_ent, hv_undef, newHV, Nullhv
4495 =item Magical Functions
4497 mg_clear, mg_copy, mg_find, mg_free, mg_get, mg_length, mg_magical, mg_set,
4498 SvGETMAGIC, SvLOCK, SvSETMAGIC, SvSetMagicSV, SvSetMagicSV_nosteal,
4499 SvSetSV, SvSetSV_nosteal, SvSHARE
4501 =item Memory Management
4503 Copy, Move, New, Newc, NEWSV, Newz, Poison, Renew, Renewc, Safefree,
4504 savepv, savepvn, savesharedpv, StructCopy, Zero
4506 =item Miscellaneous Functions
4508 fbm_compile, fbm_instr, form, getcwd_sv, strEQ, strGE, strGT, strLE, strLT,
4509 strNE, strnEQ, strnNE
4511 =item Numeric functions
4513 grok_bin, grok_hex, grok_number, grok_numeric_radix, grok_oct, scan_bin,
4516 =item Optree Manipulation Functions
4518 cv_const_sv, newCONSTSUB, newXS
4520 =item Stack Manipulation Macros
4522 dMARK, dORIGMARK, dSP, EXTEND, MARK, ORIGMARK, POPi, POPl, POPn, POPp,
4523 POPpbytex, POPpx, POPs, PUSHi, PUSHMARK, PUSHn, PUSHp, PUSHs, PUSHu,
4524 PUTBACK, SP, SPAGAIN, XPUSHi, XPUSHn, XPUSHp, XPUSHs, XPUSHu, XSRETURN,
4525 XSRETURN_IV, XSRETURN_NO, XSRETURN_NV, XSRETURN_PV, XSRETURN_UNDEF,
4526 XSRETURN_YES, XST_mIV, XST_mNO, XST_mNV, XST_mPV, XST_mUNDEF, XST_mYES
4530 svtype, SVt_IV, SVt_NV, SVt_PV, SVt_PVAV, SVt_PVCV, SVt_PVHV, SVt_PVMG
4532 =item SV Manipulation Functions
4534 get_sv, looks_like_number, newRV_inc, newRV_noinc, newSV, newSViv, newSVnv,
4535 newSVpv, newSVpvf, newSVpvn, newSVpvn_share, newSVrv, newSVsv, newSVuv,
4536 new_vstring, SvCUR, SvCUR_set, SvEND, SvGROW, SvIOK, SvIOKp, SvIOK_notUV,
4537 SvIOK_off, SvIOK_on, SvIOK_only, SvIOK_only_UV, SvIOK_UV, SvIV, SvIVx,
4538 SvIVX, SvLEN, SvNIOK, SvNIOKp, SvNIOK_off, SvNOK, SvNOKp, SvNOK_off,
4539 SvNOK_on, SvNOK_only, SvNV, SvNVX, SvNVx, SvOK, SvOOK, SvPOK, SvPOKp,
4540 SvPOK_off, SvPOK_on, SvPOK_only, SvPOK_only_UTF8, SvPV, SvPVbyte,
4541 SvPVbytex, SvPVbytex_force, SvPVbyte_force, SvPVbyte_nolen, SvPVutf8,
4542 SvPVutf8x, SvPVutf8x_force, SvPVutf8_force, SvPVutf8_nolen, SvPVx, SvPVX,
4543 SvPV_force, SvPV_force_nomg, SvPV_nolen, SvREFCNT, SvREFCNT_dec,
4544 SvREFCNT_inc, SvROK, SvROK_off, SvROK_on, SvRV, SvSTASH, SvTAINT,
4545 SvTAINTED, SvTAINTED_off, SvTAINTED_on, SvTRUE, SvTYPE, SvUNLOCK, SvUOK,
4546 SvUPGRADE, SvUTF8, SvUTF8_off, SvUTF8_on, SvUV, SvUVX, SvUVx, sv_2bool,
4547 sv_2cv, sv_2io, sv_2iv, sv_2mortal, sv_2nv, sv_2pvbyte, sv_2pvbyte_nolen,
4548 sv_2pvutf8, sv_2pvutf8_nolen, sv_2pv_flags, sv_2pv_nolen, sv_2uv,
4549 sv_backoff, sv_bless, sv_catpv, sv_catpvf, sv_catpvf_mg, sv_catpvn,
4550 sv_catpvn_flags, sv_catpvn_mg, sv_catpv_mg, sv_catsv, sv_catsv_flags,
4551 sv_catsv_mg, sv_chop, sv_clear, sv_cmp, sv_cmp_locale, sv_collxfrm,
4552 sv_copypv, sv_dec, sv_derived_from, sv_eq, sv_force_normal,
4553 sv_force_normal_flags, sv_free, sv_gets, sv_grow, sv_inc, sv_insert,
4554 sv_isa, sv_isobject, sv_iv, sv_len, sv_len_utf8, sv_magic, sv_magicext,
4555 sv_mortalcopy, sv_newmortal, sv_newref, sv_nolocking, sv_nosharing,
4556 sv_nounlocking, sv_nv, sv_pos_b2u, sv_pos_u2b, sv_pv, sv_pvbyte,
4557 sv_pvbyten, sv_pvbyten_force, sv_pvn, sv_pvn_force, sv_pvn_force_flags,
4558 sv_pvutf8, sv_pvutf8n, sv_pvutf8n_force, sv_reftype, sv_replace,
4559 sv_report_used, sv_reset, sv_rvweaken, sv_setiv, sv_setiv_mg, sv_setnv,
4560 sv_setnv_mg, sv_setpv, sv_setpvf, sv_setpvf_mg, sv_setpvn, sv_setpvn_mg,
4561 sv_setpv_mg, sv_setref_iv, sv_setref_nv, sv_setref_pv, sv_setref_pvn,
4562 sv_setref_uv, sv_setsv, sv_setsv_flags, sv_setsv_mg, sv_setuv, sv_setuv_mg,
4563 sv_taint, sv_tainted, sv_true, sv_unmagic, sv_unref, sv_unref_flags,
4564 sv_untaint, sv_upgrade, sv_usepvn, sv_usepvn_mg, sv_utf8_decode,
4565 sv_utf8_downgrade, sv_utf8_encode, sv_utf8_upgrade, sv_utf8_upgrade_flags,
4566 sv_uv, sv_vcatpvfn, sv_vsetpvfn
4568 =item Unicode Support
4570 bytes_from_utf8, bytes_to_utf8, ibcmp_utf8, is_utf8_char, is_utf8_string,
4571 pv_uni_display, sv_recode_to_utf8, sv_uni_display, to_utf8_case,
4572 to_utf8_fold, to_utf8_lower, to_utf8_title, to_utf8_upper, utf8n_to_uvchr,
4573 utf8n_to_uvuni, utf8_distance, utf8_hop, utf8_length, utf8_to_bytes,
4574 utf8_to_uvchr, utf8_to_uvuni, uvchr_to_utf8, uvuni_to_utf8_flags
4576 =item Variables created by C<xsubpp> and C<xsubpp> internal functions
4578 ax, CLASS, dAX, dITEMS, dXSARGS, dXSI32, items, ix, newXSproto, RETVAL, ST,
4579 THIS, XS, XSRETURN_EMPTY, XS_VERSION, XS_VERSION_BOOTCHECK
4581 =item Warning and Dieing
4591 =head2 perlintern - autogenerated documentation of purely B<internal>
4598 =item Global Variables
4600 PL_DBsingle, PL_DBsub, PL_DBtrace, PL_dowarn, PL_last_in_gv, PL_ofs_sv,
4611 =item Pad Data Structures
4615 =item Stack Manipulation Macros
4619 =item SV Manipulation Functions
4621 report_uninit, sv_add_arena, sv_clean_all, sv_clean_objs, sv_free_arenas
4629 =head2 perliol - C API for Perl's implementation of IO in Layers.
4639 =item History and Background
4641 =item Layers vs Disciplines
4643 =item Data Structures
4645 =item Functions and Attributes
4647 =item Per-instance Data
4649 =item Layers in action.
4651 =item Per-instance flag bits
4653 PERLIO_F_EOF, PERLIO_F_CANWRITE, PERLIO_F_CANREAD, PERLIO_F_ERROR,
4654 PERLIO_F_TRUNCATE, PERLIO_F_APPEND, PERLIO_F_CRLF, PERLIO_F_UTF8,
4655 PERLIO_F_UNBUF, PERLIO_F_WRBUF, PERLIO_F_RDBUF, PERLIO_F_LINEBUF,
4656 PERLIO_F_TEMP, PERLIO_F_OPEN, PERLIO_F_FASTGETS
4658 =item Methods in Detail
4660 name, size, kind, PERLIO_K_BUFFERED, PERLIO_K_CANCRLF, PERLIO_K_FASTGETS,
4661 PERLIO_K_MULTIARG, PERLIO_K_RAW, Pushed, Popped, Open, Getarg, Fileno, Dup,
4662 Read, Write, Seek, Tell, Close, Flush, Fill, Eof, Error, Clearerr,
4663 Setlinebuf, Get_base, Get_bufsiz, Get_ptr, Get_cnt, Set_ptrcnt
4667 "unix", "perlio", "stdio", "crlf", "mmap", "pending", "raw", "utf8"
4669 =item Extension Layers
4671 ":encoding", ":Scalar", ":Via"
4679 =head2 perlapio - perl's IO abstraction interface.
4687 1. USE_STDIO, 2. USE_SFIO, 3. USE_PERLIO, B<PerlIO_stdin()>,
4688 B<PerlIO_stdout()>, B<PerlIO_stderr()>, B<PerlIO_open(path, mode)>,
4689 B<PerlIO_fdopen(fd,mode)>, B<PerlIO_reopen(path,mode,f)>,
4690 B<PerlIO_printf(f,fmt,...)>, B<PerlIO_vprintf(f,fmt,a)>,
4691 B<PerlIO_stdoutf(fmt,...)>, B<PerlIO_read(f,buf,count)>,
4692 B<PerlIO_write(f,buf,count)>, B<PerlIO_close(f)>, B<PerlIO_puts(f,s)>,
4693 B<PerlIO_putc(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_ungetc(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_getc(f)>,
4694 B<PerlIO_eof(f)>, B<PerlIO_error(f)>, B<PerlIO_fileno(f)>,
4695 B<PerlIO_clearerr(f)>, B<PerlIO_flush(f)>, B<PerlIO_seek(f,offset,whence)>,
4696 B<PerlIO_tell(f)>, B<PerlIO_getpos(f,p)>, B<PerlIO_setpos(f,p)>,
4697 B<PerlIO_rewind(f)>, B<PerlIO_tmpfile()>, B<PerlIO_setlinebuf(f)>
4701 =item Co-existence with stdio
4703 B<PerlIO_importFILE(f,flags)>, B<PerlIO_exportFILE(f,flags)>,
4704 B<PerlIO_releaseFILE(p,f)>, B<PerlIO_findFILE(f)>
4706 =item "Fast gets" Functions
4708 B<PerlIO_fast_gets(f)>, B<PerlIO_has_cntptr(f)>, B<PerlIO_get_cnt(f)>,
4709 B<PerlIO_get_ptr(f)>, B<PerlIO_set_ptrcnt(f,p,c)>, B<PerlIO_canset_cnt(f)>,
4710 B<PerlIO_set_cnt(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_has_base(f)>, B<PerlIO_get_base(f)>,
4711 B<PerlIO_get_bufsiz(f)>
4713 =item Other Functions
4715 PerlIO_apply_layers(f,mode,layers), PerlIO_binmode(f,ptype,imode,layers),
4716 'E<lt>' read, 'E<gt>' write, '+' read/write, PerlIO_debug(fmt,...)
4722 =head2 perltodo - Perl TO-DO List
4728 =item To do during 5.6.x
4732 =item Support for I/O disciplines
4734 =item Autoload bytes.pm
4736 =item Make "\u{XXXX}" et al work
4738 =item Create a char *sv_pvprintify(sv, STRLEN *lenp, UV flags)
4740 =item Overloadable regex assertions
4744 =item Work out exit/die semantics for threads
4746 =item Better support for nonpreemptive threading systems like GNU pth
4748 =item Typed lexicals for compiler
4750 =item Compiler workarounds for Win32
4752 =item AUTOLOADing in the compiler
4754 =item Fixing comppadlist when compiling
4756 =item Cleaning up exported namespace
4758 =item Complete signal handling
4760 =item Out-of-source builds
4762 =item POSIX realtime support
4764 =item UNIX98 support
4768 =item Long double conversion
4772 =item Arithmetic on non-Arabic numerals
4774 =item POSIX Unicode character classes
4776 =item Factoring out common suffices/prefices in regexps (trie optimization)
4778 =item Security audit shipped utilities
4780 =item Sort out the uid-setting mess
4782 =item Custom opcodes
4784 =item DLL Versioning
4786 =item Introduce @( and @)
4788 =item Floating point handling
4790 =item IV/UV preservation
4792 =item Replace pod2html with something using Pod::Parser
4794 =item Automate module testing on CPAN
4796 =item sendmsg and recvmsg
4798 =item Rewrite perlre documentation
4800 =item Convert example code to IO::Handle filehandles
4802 =item Document Win32 choices
4804 =item Check new modules
4806 =item Make roffitall find pods and libs itself
4810 =item To do at some point
4814 =item Remove regular expression recursion
4816 =item Memory leaks after failed eval
4818 =item bitfields in pack
4820 =item Cross compilation
4822 =item Perl preprocessor / macros
4824 =item Perl lexer in Perl
4826 =item Using POSIX calls internally
4828 =item -i rename file when changed
4830 =item All ARGV input should act like E<lt>E<gt>
4832 =item Support for rerunning debugger
4834 =item Test Suite for the Debugger
4836 =item my sub foo { }
4838 =item One-pass global destruction
4840 =item Rewrite regexp parser
4842 =item Cache recently used regexps
4844 =item Cross-compilation support
4846 =item Bit-shifting bitvectors
4848 =item debugger pragma
4850 =item use less pragma
4852 =item switch structures
4854 =item Cache eval tree
4858 =item Shrink opcode tables
4860 =item Optimize away @_
4862 =item Prototypes versus indirect objects
4866 =item Prototype method calls
4868 =item Return context prototype declarations
4872 =item Garbage collection
4876 =item Rewrite perldoc
4878 =item Install .3p manpages
4880 =item Unicode tutorial
4882 =item Update POSIX.pm for 1003.1-2
4884 =item Retargetable installation
4886 =item POSIX emulation on non-POSIX systems
4888 =item Rename Win32 headers
4890 =item Finish off lvalue functions
4892 =item Update sprintf documentation
4894 =item Use fchown/fchmod internally
4896 =item Make v-strings overloaded objects
4898 =item Allow restricted hash assignment
4900 =item Should overload be inheritable?
4910 =item ref() in list context
4912 =item Make tr/// return histogram of characters in list context
4914 =item Compile to real threaded code
4916 =item Structured types
4918 =item Modifiable $1 et al.
4920 =item Procedural interfaces for IO::*, etc.
4924 =item Attach/detach debugger from running program
4928 =item foreach(reverse ...)
4930 =item Constant function cache
4932 =item Approximate regular expression matching
4940 =item Update guts documentation
4942 =item Add more tests
4944 =item Update auxiliary tools
4946 =item Create debugging macros
4948 =item truncate to the people
4950 =item Unicode in Filenames
4954 =item Recently done things
4958 =item Alternative RE syntax module
4960 =item Safe signal handling
4966 =item setitimer and getimiter
4968 =item Testing __DIE__ hook
4970 =item CPP equivalent in Perl
4972 =item Explicit switch statements
4980 =item perlcc to produce executable
4982 =item END blocks saved in compiled output
4984 =item Secure temporary file module
4986 =item Integrate Time::HiRes
4988 =item Turn Cwd into XS
4990 =item Mmap for input
4992 =item Byte to/from UTF8 and UTF8 to/from local conversion
4994 =item Add sockatmark support
4996 =item Mailing list archives
5000 =item Integrate MacPerl
5002 =item Web "nerve center" for Perl
5004 =item Regular expression tutorial
5006 =item Debugging Tutorial
5008 =item Integrate new modules
5010 =item Integrate profiler
5012 =item Y2K error detection
5014 =item Regular expression debugger
5018 =item "Dynamic" lexicals
5020 =item Cache precompiled modules
5024 =item Deprecated Wishes
5028 =item Loop control on do{}
5030 =item Lexically scoped typeglobs
5036 =item Generalised want()/caller())
5038 =item Named prototypes
5040 =item Built-in globbing
5042 =item Regression tests for suidperl
5044 =item Cached hash values
5046 =item Add compression modules
5048 =item Reorganise documentation into tutorials/references
5050 =item Remove distinction between functions and operators
5052 =item Make XS easier to use
5054 =item Make embedding easier to use
5058 =item my $Package::variable
5060 =item "or" tests defined, not truth
5062 =item "class"-based lexicals
5066 =item Lazy evaluation / tail recursion removal
5068 =item Make "use utf8" the default
5070 =item Unicode collation and normalization
5072 =item pack/unpack tutorial
5078 =head2 perlhack - How to hack at the Perl internals
5084 Does concept match the general goals of Perl?, Where is the
5085 implementation?, Backwards compatibility, Could it be a module instead?, Is
5086 the feature generic enough?, Does it potentially introduce new bugs?, Does
5087 it preclude other desirable features?, Is the implementation robust?, Is
5088 the implementation generic enough to be portable?, Is the implementation
5089 tested?, Is there enough documentation?, Is there another way to do it?,
5090 Does it create too much work?, Patches speak louder than words
5094 =item Keeping in sync
5096 rsync'ing the source tree, Using rsync over the LAN, Using pushing over the
5097 NFS, rsync'ing the patches
5099 =item Why rsync the source tree
5101 It's easier to rsync the source tree, It's more reliable
5103 =item Why rsync the patches
5105 It's easier to rsync the patches, It's a good reference, Finding a start
5106 point, Finding how to fix a bug, Finding the source of misbehaviour
5108 =item Perlbug remote interface
5110 1 http://bugs.perl.org, 2 bugdb@perl.org, 3
5111 commands_and_bugdids@bugs.perl.org, notes, patches, tests
5113 =item Submitting patches
5115 L<perlguts>, L<perlxstut> and L<perlxs>, L<perlapi>,
5116 F<Porting/pumpkin.pod>, The perl5-porters FAQ
5118 =item Finding Your Way Around
5120 Core modules, Tests, Documentation, Configure, Interpreter
5122 =item Elements of the interpreter
5124 Startup, Parsing, Optimization, Running
5126 =item Internal Variable Types
5132 Argument stack, Mark stack, Save stack
5134 =item Millions of Macros
5136 =item Poking at Perl
5138 =item Using a source-level debugger
5140 run [args], break function_name, break source.c:xxx, step, next, continue,
5141 finish, 'enter', print
5143 =item Dumping Perl Data Structures
5147 =item Patching a core module
5149 =item Adding a new function to the core
5151 =item Writing a test
5153 F<t/base/>, F<t/cmd/>, F<t/comp/>, F<t/io/>, F<t/lib/>, F<t/op/>,
5154 F<t/pod/>, F<t/run/>, t/base t/comp, t/cmd t/run t/io t/op, t/lib ext lib
5156 =item Special Make Test Targets
5158 coretest, test.deparse, minitest, test.third check.third utest.third
5159 ucheck.third, test.torture torturetest, utest ucheck test.utf8 check.utf8
5163 =item EXTERNAL TOOLS FOR DEBUGGING PERL
5167 =item Rational Software's Purify
5169 =item Purify on Unix
5171 -Accflags=-DPURIFY, -Doptimize='-g', -Uusemymalloc, -Dusemultiplicity
5175 DEFINES, USE_MULTI = define, #PERL_MALLOC = define, CFG = Debug
5177 =item Compaq's/Digital's/HP's Third Degree
5179 =item PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL
5183 =item Gprof Profiling
5185 -a, -b, -e routine, -f routine, -s, -z
5187 =item GCC gcov Profiling
5189 =item Pixie Profiling
5191 -h, -l, -p[rocedures], -h[eavy], -i[nvocations], -l[ines], -testcoverage,
5194 =item Miscellaneous tricks
5198 I<The Road goes ever on and on, down from the door where it began.>
5206 =head2 perlhist - the Perl history records
5214 =item THE KEEPERS OF THE PUMPKIN
5226 =item SELECTED RELEASE SIZES
5228 =item SELECTED PATCH SIZES
5232 =item THE KEEPERS OF THE RECORDS
5236 =head2 perldelta - what is new for perl v5.8.0
5242 =item Highlights In 5.8.0
5244 =item Incompatible Changes
5248 =item Binary Incompatibility
5250 =item 64-bit platforms and malloc
5252 =item AIX Dynaloading
5254 =item Attributes for C<my> variables now handled at run-time.
5256 =item Socket Extension Dynamic in VMS
5258 =item IEEE-format Floating Point Default on OpenVMS Alpha
5260 =item New Unicode Properties
5262 =item REF(...) Instead Of SCALAR(...)
5264 =item pack/unpack D/F recycled
5270 =item Core Enhancements
5274 =item PerlIO is Now The Default
5276 =item Restricted Hashes
5280 =item Unicode Overhaul
5282 =item Understanding of Numbers
5284 =item Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings [561]
5286 =item Miscellaneous Changes
5290 =item Modules and Pragmata
5294 =item New Modules and Pragmata
5296 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
5300 =item Utility Changes
5302 =item New Documentation
5304 =item Performance Enhancements
5306 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
5310 =item Generic Improvements
5312 =item New Or Improved Platforms
5316 =item Selected Bug Fixes
5320 =item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
5324 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
5326 =item Changed Internals
5328 =item Security Vulnerability Closed [561]
5332 =item Known Problems
5338 =item Alpha systems with old gccs fail several tests
5344 =item Cygwin "unable to remap"
5346 =item ext/threads/t/libc
5348 =item FreeBSD built with ithreads coredumps reading large directories
5350 =item FreeBSD Failing locale Test 117 For ISO8859-15 Locales
5352 =item IRIX fails ext/List/Util/t/shuffle.t
5354 =item Modifying $_ Inside for(..)
5356 =item mod_perl 1.26 Doesn't Build With Threaded Perl
5358 =item lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
5360 =item HP-UX lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails When LP64-Configured
5362 =item Linux with glibc 2.2.5 fails t/op/int subtest #6 with -Duse64bitint
5364 =item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
5366 =item libwww-perl (LWP) fails base/date #51
5370 =item op/sprintf tests 91, 129, and 130
5374 =item SUPER-UX (NEC SX)
5376 =item Term::ReadKey not working on Win32
5378 =item Failure of Thread (5.005-style) tests
5380 =item Timing problems
5394 =item XML::Parser not working
5398 =item Localising Tied Arrays and Hashes Is Broken
5400 =item Self-tying Problems
5402 =item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
5404 =item Unicode Support on EBCDIC Still Spotty
5406 =item The Compiler Suite Is Still Very Experimental
5408 =item The Long Double Support Is Still Experimental
5410 =item Seen In Perl 5.7 But Gone Now
5414 =item Reporting Bugs
5422 =head2 perl572delta - what's new for perl v5.7.2
5428 =item Security Vulnerability Closed
5430 =item Incompatible Changes
5434 =item 64-bit platforms and malloc
5436 =item AIX Dynaloading
5438 =item Socket Extension Dynamic in VMS
5440 =item Different Definition of the Unicode Character Classes \p{In...}
5446 =item Core Enhancements
5448 =item Modules and Pragmata
5452 =item New Modules and Distributions
5454 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
5458 =item Utility Changes
5460 =item New Documentation
5462 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
5466 =item New Or Improved Platforms
5468 =item Generic Improvements
5472 =item Selected Bug Fixes
5476 =item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
5480 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
5482 =item Source Code Enhancements
5486 =item MAGIC constants
5488 =item Better commented code
5490 =item Regex pre-/post-compilation items matched up
5498 =item Known Problems
5504 =item Amiga Perl Invoking Mystery
5506 =item lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
5508 =item Cygwin intermittent failures of lib/Memoize/t/expire_file 11 and 12
5510 =item HP-UX lib/io_multihomed Fails When LP64-Configured
5512 =item HP-UX lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails When LP64-Configured
5514 =item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
5518 =item op/sprintf tests 129 and 130
5520 =item Failure of Thread tests
5530 =item Localising a Tied Variable Leaks Memory
5532 =item Self-tying of Arrays and Hashes Is Forbidden
5534 =item Variable Attributes are not Currently Usable for Tieing
5536 =item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
5538 =item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental
5540 =item The Long Double Support is Still Experimental
5544 =item Reporting Bugs
5552 =head2 perl571delta - what's new for perl v5.7.1
5558 =item Security Vulnerability Closed
5560 =item Incompatible Changes
5562 =item Core Enhancements
5566 =item AUTOLOAD Is Now Lvaluable
5568 =item PerlIO is Now The Default
5570 =item Signals Are Now Safe
5574 =item Modules and Pragmata
5580 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
5584 =item Performance Enhancements
5586 =item Utility Changes
5588 =item New Documentation
5604 =item README.solaris
5608 =item Porting/repository.pod
5612 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
5616 =item New Or Improved Platforms
5618 =item Generic Improvements
5620 d_cmsghdr, d_fcntl_can_lock, d_fsync, d_getitimer, d_getpagsz, d_msghdr_s,
5621 need_va_copy, d_readv, d_recvmsg, d_sendmsg, sig_size, d_sockatmark,
5622 d_strtoq, d_u32align, d_ualarm, d_usleep
5626 =item Selected Bug Fixes
5630 =item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
5634 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
5636 =item Changed Internals
5640 =item Known Problems
5644 =item AIX vac 5.0.0.0 May Produce Buggy Code For Perl
5646 =item lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
5648 =item lib/io_multihomed Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
5650 =item Test lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
5654 =item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
5656 =item sigaction test 13 in VMS
5658 =item sprintf tests 129 and 130
5660 =item Failure of Thread tests
5662 =item Localising a Tied Variable Leaks Memory
5664 =item Self-tying of Arrays and Hashes Is Forbidden
5666 =item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
5668 =item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental
5672 =item Reporting Bugs
5680 =head2 perl570delta - what's new for perl v5.7.0
5686 =item Security Vulnerability Closed
5688 =item Incompatible Changes
5690 =item Core Enhancements
5692 =item Modules and Pragmata
5698 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
5702 =item Utility Changes
5704 =item New Documentation
5706 =item Performance Enhancements
5708 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
5712 =item Generic Improvements
5716 =item Selected Bug Fixes
5720 =item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
5724 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
5726 =item Changed Internals
5728 =item Known Problems
5732 =item Unicode Support Still Far From Perfect
5734 =item EBCDIC Still A Lost Platform
5736 =item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
5738 =item ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
5740 =item Test lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
5742 =item Long Doubles Still Don't Work In Solaris
5744 =item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
5746 =item Storable tests fail in some platforms
5748 =item Threads Are Still Experimental
5750 =item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental
5754 =item Reporting Bugs
5762 =head2 perl561delta - what's new for perl v5.6.x
5768 =item Summary of changes between 5.6.0 and 5.6.1
5772 =item Security Issues
5774 =item Core bug fixes
5776 C<UNIVERSAL::isa()>, Memory leaks, Numeric conversions, qw(a\\b), caller(),
5777 Bugs in regular expressions, "slurp" mode, Autovivification of symbolic
5778 references to special variables, Lexical warnings, Spurious warnings and
5779 errors, glob(), Tainting, sort(), #line directives, Subroutine prototypes,
5780 map(), Debugger, PERL5OPT, chop(), Unicode support, 64-bit support,
5781 Compiler, Lvalue subroutines, IO::Socket, File::Find, xsubpp, C<no
5786 =item Configuration issues
5790 =item Bundled modules
5792 B::Concise, File::Temp, Pod::LaTeX, Pod::Text::Overstrike, CGI, CPAN,
5793 Class::Struct, DB_File, Devel::Peek, File::Find, Getopt::Long, IO::Poll,
5794 IPC::Open3, Math::BigFloat, Math::Complex, Net::Ping, Opcode, Pod::Parser,
5795 Pod::Text, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Tie::RefHash, Tie::SubstrHash
5797 =item Platform-specific improvements
5799 NCR MP-RAS, NonStop-UX
5803 =item Core Enhancements
5807 =item Interpreter cloning, threads, and concurrency
5809 =item Lexically scoped warning categories
5811 =item Unicode and UTF-8 support
5813 =item Support for interpolating named characters
5815 =item "our" declarations
5817 =item Support for strings represented as a vector of ordinals
5819 =item Improved Perl version numbering system
5821 =item New syntax for declaring subroutine attributes
5823 =item File and directory handles can be autovivified
5825 =item open() with more than two arguments
5827 =item 64-bit support
5829 =item Large file support
5835 =item Enhanced support for sort() subroutines
5837 =item C<sort $coderef @foo> allowed
5839 =item File globbing implemented internally
5841 =item Support for CHECK blocks
5843 =item POSIX character class syntax [: :] supported
5845 =item Better pseudo-random number generator
5847 =item Improved C<qw//> operator
5849 =item Better worst-case behavior of hashes
5851 =item pack() format 'Z' supported
5853 =item pack() format modifier '!' supported
5855 =item pack() and unpack() support counted strings
5857 =item Comments in pack() templates
5859 =item Weak references
5861 =item Binary numbers supported
5863 =item Lvalue subroutines
5865 =item Some arrows may be omitted in calls through references
5867 =item Boolean assignment operators are legal lvalues
5869 =item exists() is supported on subroutine names
5871 =item exists() and delete() are supported on array elements
5873 =item Pseudo-hashes work better
5875 =item Automatic flushing of output buffers
5877 =item Better diagnostics on meaningless filehandle operations
5879 =item Where possible, buffered data discarded from duped input filehandle
5881 =item eof() has the same old magic as <>
5883 =item binmode() can be used to set :crlf and :raw modes
5885 =item C<-T> filetest recognizes UTF-8 encoded files as "text"
5887 =item system(), backticks and pipe open now reflect exec() failure
5889 =item Improved diagnostics
5891 =item Diagnostics follow STDERR
5893 =item More consistent close-on-exec behavior
5895 =item syswrite() ease-of-use
5897 =item Better syntax checks on parenthesized unary operators
5899 =item Bit operators support full native integer width
5901 =item Improved security features
5903 =item More functional bareword prototype (*)
5905 =item C<require> and C<do> may be overridden
5907 =item $^X variables may now have names longer than one character
5909 =item New variable $^C reflects C<-c> switch
5911 =item New variable $^V contains Perl version as a string
5913 =item Optional Y2K warnings
5915 =item Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings
5919 =item Modules and Pragmata
5925 attributes, B, Benchmark, ByteLoader, constant, charnames, Data::Dumper,
5926 DB, DB_File, Devel::DProf, Devel::Peek, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, English,
5927 Env, Fcntl, File::Compare, File::Find, File::Glob, File::Spec,
5928 File::Spec::Functions, Getopt::Long, IO, JPL, lib, Math::BigInt,
5929 Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Pod::Parser, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Checker,
5930 podchecker, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Find, Pod::Select, podselect, Pod::Usage,
5931 pod2usage, Pod::Text and Pod::Man, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Sys::Hostname,
5932 Term::ANSIColor, Time::Local, Win32, XSLoader, DBM Filters
5938 =item Utility Changes
5952 =item The Perl Debugger
5956 =item Improved Documentation
5958 perlapi.pod, perlboot.pod, perlcompile.pod, perldbmfilter.pod,
5959 perldebug.pod, perldebguts.pod, perlfork.pod, perlfilter.pod, perlhack.pod,
5960 perlintern.pod, perllexwarn.pod, perlnumber.pod, perlopentut.pod,
5961 perlreftut.pod, perltootc.pod, perltodo.pod, perlunicode.pod
5963 =item Performance enhancements
5967 =item Simple sort() using { $a <=> $b } and the like are optimized
5969 =item Optimized assignments to lexical variables
5971 =item Faster subroutine calls
5973 =item delete(), each(), values() and hash iteration are faster
5977 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
5981 =item -Dusethreads means something different
5983 =item New Configure flags
5985 =item Threadedness and 64-bitness now more daring
5991 =item -Duselargefiles
5993 =item installusrbinperl
5999 =item Enhanced Installation Directories
6001 =item gcc automatically tried if 'cc' does not seem to be working
6005 =item Platform specific changes
6009 =item Supported platforms
6013 =item OS390 (OpenEdition MVS)
6021 =item Significant bug fixes
6025 =item <HANDLE> on empty files
6027 =item C<eval '...'> improvements
6029 =item All compilation errors are true errors
6031 =item Implicitly closed filehandles are safer
6033 =item Behavior of list slices is more consistent
6035 =item C<(\$)> prototype and C<$foo{a}>
6037 =item C<goto &sub> and AUTOLOAD
6039 =item C<-bareword> allowed under C<use integer>
6041 =item Failures in DESTROY()
6043 =item Locale bugs fixed
6047 =item Spurious subroutine stubs after failed subroutine calls
6049 =item Taint failures under C<-U>
6051 =item END blocks and the C<-c> switch
6053 =item Potential to leak DATA filehandles
6057 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
6059 "%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same %s, "my sub" not yet
6060 implemented, "our" variable %s redeclared, '!' allowed only after types %s,
6061 / cannot take a count, / must be followed by a, A or Z, / must be followed
6062 by a*, A* or Z*, / must follow a numeric type, /%s/: Unrecognized escape
6063 \\%c passed through, /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c in character class
6064 passed through, /%s/ should probably be written as "%s", %s() called too
6065 early to check prototype, %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element, %s
6066 argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or slice, %s argument is not a
6067 subroutine name, %s package attribute may clash with future reserved word:
6068 %s, (in cleanup) %s, <> should be quotes, Attempt to join self, Bad evalled
6069 substitution pattern, Bad realloc() ignored, Bareword found in conditional,
6070 Binary number > 0b11111111111111111111111111111111 non-portable, Bit vector
6071 size > 32 non-portable, Buffer overflow in prime_env_iter: %s, Can't check
6072 filesystem of script "%s", Can't declare class for non-scalar %s in "%s",
6073 Can't declare %s in "%s", Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default,
6074 Can't modify non-lvalue subroutine call, Can't read CRTL environ, Can't
6075 remove %s: %s, skipping file, Can't return %s from lvalue subroutine, Can't
6076 weaken a nonreference, Character class [:%s:] unknown, Character class
6077 syntax [%s] belongs inside character classes, Constant is not %s reference,
6078 constant(%s): %s, CORE::%s is not a keyword, defined(@array) is deprecated,
6079 defined(%hash) is deprecated, Did not produce a valid header, (Did you mean
6080 "local" instead of "our"?), Document contains no data, entering effective
6081 %s failed, false [] range "%s" in regexp, Filehandle %s opened only for
6082 output, flock() on closed filehandle %s, Global symbol "%s" requires
6083 explicit package name, Hexadecimal number > 0xffffffff non-portable,
6084 Ill-formed CRTL environ value "%s", Ill-formed message in prime_env_iter:
6085 |%s|, Illegal binary digit %s, Illegal binary digit %s ignored, Illegal
6086 number of bits in vec, Integer overflow in %s number, Invalid %s attribute:
6087 %s, Invalid %s attributes: %s, invalid [] range "%s" in regexp, Invalid
6088 separator character %s in attribute list, Invalid separator character %s in
6089 subroutine attribute list, leaving effective %s failed, Lvalue subs
6090 returning %s not implemented yet, Method %s not permitted, Missing
6091 %sbrace%s on \N{}, Missing command in piped open, Missing name in "my sub",
6092 No %s specified for -%c, No package name allowed for variable %s in "our",
6093 No space allowed after -%c, no UTC offset information; assuming local time
6094 is UTC, Octal number > 037777777777 non-portable, panic: del_backref,
6095 panic: kid popen errno read, panic: magic_killbackrefs, Parentheses missing
6096 around "%s" list, Possible unintended interpolation of %s in string,
6097 Possible Y2K bug: %s, pragma "attrs" is deprecated, use "sub NAME : ATTRS"
6098 instead, Premature end of script headers, Repeat count in pack overflows,
6099 Repeat count in unpack overflows, realloc() of freed memory ignored,
6100 Reference is already weak, setpgrp can't take arguments, Strange *+?{} on
6101 zero-length expression, switching effective %s is not implemented, This
6102 Perl can't reset CRTL environ elements (%s), This Perl can't set CRTL
6103 environ elements (%s=%s), Too late to run %s block, Unknown open() mode
6104 '%s', Unknown process %x sent message to prime_env_iter: %s, Unrecognized
6105 escape \\%c passed through, Unterminated attribute parameter in attribute
6106 list, Unterminated attribute list, Unterminated attribute parameter in
6107 subroutine attribute list, Unterminated subroutine attribute list, Value of
6108 CLI symbol "%s" too long, Version number must be a constant number
6112 =item Incompatible Changes
6116 =item Perl Source Incompatibilities
6118 CHECK is a new keyword, Treatment of list slices of undef has changed,
6119 Format of $English::PERL_VERSION is different, Literals of the form
6120 C<1.2.3> parse differently, Possibly changed pseudo-random number
6121 generator, Hashing function for hash keys has changed, C<undef> fails on
6122 read only values, Close-on-exec bit may be set on pipe and socket handles,
6123 Writing C<"$$1"> to mean C<"${$}1"> is unsupported, delete(), each(),
6124 values() and C<\(%h)>, vec(EXPR,OFFSET,BITS) enforces powers-of-two BITS,
6125 Text of some diagnostic output has changed, C<%@> has been removed,
6126 Parenthesized not() behaves like a list operator, Semantics of bareword
6127 prototype C<(*)> have changed, Semantics of bit operators may have changed
6128 on 64-bit platforms, More builtins taint their results
6130 =item C Source Incompatibilities
6132 C<PERL_POLLUTE>, C<PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT>, C<PERL_POLLUTE_MALLOC>
6134 =item Compatible C Source API Changes
6136 C<PATCHLEVEL> is now C<PERL_VERSION>
6138 =item Binary Incompatibilities
6142 =item Known Problems
6146 =item Localizing a tied hash element may leak memory
6148 =item Known test failures
6150 =item EBCDIC platforms not fully supported
6152 =item UNICOS/mk CC failures during Configure run
6154 =item Arrow operator and arrays
6156 =item Experimental features
6158 Threads, Unicode, 64-bit support, Lvalue subroutines, Weak references, The
6159 pseudo-hash data type, The Compiler suite, Internal implementation of file
6160 globbing, The DB module, The regular expression code constructs:
6164 =item Obsolete Diagnostics
6166 Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Ill-formed
6167 logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter, In string, @%s now must be written as
6168 \@%s, Probable precedence problem on %s, regexp too big, Use of "$$<digit>"
6169 to mean "${$}<digit>" is deprecated
6171 =item Reporting Bugs
6179 =head2 perl56delta - what's new for perl v5.6.0
6185 =item Core Enhancements
6189 =item Interpreter cloning, threads, and concurrency
6191 =item Lexically scoped warning categories
6193 =item Unicode and UTF-8 support
6195 =item Support for interpolating named characters
6197 =item "our" declarations
6199 =item Support for strings represented as a vector of ordinals
6201 =item Improved Perl version numbering system
6203 =item New syntax for declaring subroutine attributes
6205 =item File and directory handles can be autovivified
6207 =item open() with more than two arguments
6209 =item 64-bit support
6211 =item Large file support
6217 =item Enhanced support for sort() subroutines
6219 =item C<sort $coderef @foo> allowed
6221 =item File globbing implemented internally
6223 =item Support for CHECK blocks
6225 =item POSIX character class syntax [: :] supported
6227 =item Better pseudo-random number generator
6229 =item Improved C<qw//> operator
6231 =item Better worst-case behavior of hashes
6233 =item pack() format 'Z' supported
6235 =item pack() format modifier '!' supported
6237 =item pack() and unpack() support counted strings
6239 =item Comments in pack() templates
6241 =item Weak references
6243 =item Binary numbers supported
6245 =item Lvalue subroutines
6247 =item Some arrows may be omitted in calls through references
6249 =item Boolean assignment operators are legal lvalues
6251 =item exists() is supported on subroutine names
6253 =item exists() and delete() are supported on array elements
6255 =item Pseudo-hashes work better
6257 =item Automatic flushing of output buffers
6259 =item Better diagnostics on meaningless filehandle operations
6261 =item Where possible, buffered data discarded from duped input filehandle
6263 =item eof() has the same old magic as <>
6265 =item binmode() can be used to set :crlf and :raw modes
6267 =item C<-T> filetest recognizes UTF-8 encoded files as "text"
6269 =item system(), backticks and pipe open now reflect exec() failure
6271 =item Improved diagnostics
6273 =item Diagnostics follow STDERR
6275 =item More consistent close-on-exec behavior
6277 =item syswrite() ease-of-use
6279 =item Better syntax checks on parenthesized unary operators
6281 =item Bit operators support full native integer width
6283 =item Improved security features
6285 =item More functional bareword prototype (*)
6287 =item C<require> and C<do> may be overridden
6289 =item $^X variables may now have names longer than one character
6291 =item New variable $^C reflects C<-c> switch
6293 =item New variable $^V contains Perl version as a string
6295 =item Optional Y2K warnings
6297 =item Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings
6301 =item Modules and Pragmata
6307 attributes, B, Benchmark, ByteLoader, constant, charnames, Data::Dumper,
6308 DB, DB_File, Devel::DProf, Devel::Peek, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, English,
6309 Env, Fcntl, File::Compare, File::Find, File::Glob, File::Spec,
6310 File::Spec::Functions, Getopt::Long, IO, JPL, lib, Math::BigInt,
6311 Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Pod::Parser, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Checker,
6312 podchecker, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Find, Pod::Select, podselect, Pod::Usage,
6313 pod2usage, Pod::Text and Pod::Man, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Sys::Hostname,
6314 Term::ANSIColor, Time::Local, Win32, XSLoader, DBM Filters
6320 =item Utility Changes
6334 =item The Perl Debugger
6338 =item Improved Documentation
6340 perlapi.pod, perlboot.pod, perlcompile.pod, perldbmfilter.pod,
6341 perldebug.pod, perldebguts.pod, perlfork.pod, perlfilter.pod, perlhack.pod,
6342 perlintern.pod, perllexwarn.pod, perlnumber.pod, perlopentut.pod,
6343 perlreftut.pod, perltootc.pod, perltodo.pod, perlunicode.pod
6345 =item Performance enhancements
6349 =item Simple sort() using { $a <=> $b } and the like are optimized
6351 =item Optimized assignments to lexical variables
6353 =item Faster subroutine calls
6355 =item delete(), each(), values() and hash iteration are faster
6359 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
6363 =item -Dusethreads means something different
6365 =item New Configure flags
6367 =item Threadedness and 64-bitness now more daring
6373 =item -Duselargefiles
6375 =item installusrbinperl
6381 =item Enhanced Installation Directories
6385 =item Platform specific changes
6389 =item Supported platforms
6393 =item OS390 (OpenEdition MVS)
6401 =item Significant bug fixes
6405 =item <HANDLE> on empty files
6407 =item C<eval '...'> improvements
6409 =item All compilation errors are true errors
6411 =item Implicitly closed filehandles are safer
6413 =item Behavior of list slices is more consistent
6415 =item C<(\$)> prototype and C<$foo{a}>
6417 =item C<goto &sub> and AUTOLOAD
6419 =item C<-bareword> allowed under C<use integer>
6421 =item Failures in DESTROY()
6423 =item Locale bugs fixed
6427 =item Spurious subroutine stubs after failed subroutine calls
6429 =item Taint failures under C<-U>
6431 =item END blocks and the C<-c> switch
6433 =item Potential to leak DATA filehandles
6437 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
6439 "%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same %s, "my sub" not yet
6440 implemented, "our" variable %s redeclared, '!' allowed only after types %s,
6441 / cannot take a count, / must be followed by a, A or Z, / must be followed
6442 by a*, A* or Z*, / must follow a numeric type, /%s/: Unrecognized escape
6443 \\%c passed through, /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c in character class
6444 passed through, /%s/ should probably be written as "%s", %s() called too
6445 early to check prototype, %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element, %s
6446 argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or slice, %s argument is not a
6447 subroutine name, %s package attribute may clash with future reserved word:
6448 %s, (in cleanup) %s, <> should be quotes, Attempt to join self, Bad evalled
6449 substitution pattern, Bad realloc() ignored, Bareword found in conditional,
6450 Binary number > 0b11111111111111111111111111111111 non-portable, Bit vector
6451 size > 32 non-portable, Buffer overflow in prime_env_iter: %s, Can't check
6452 filesystem of script "%s", Can't declare class for non-scalar %s in "%s",
6453 Can't declare %s in "%s", Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default,
6454 Can't modify non-lvalue subroutine call, Can't read CRTL environ, Can't
6455 remove %s: %s, skipping file, Can't return %s from lvalue subroutine, Can't
6456 weaken a nonreference, Character class [:%s:] unknown, Character class
6457 syntax [%s] belongs inside character classes, Constant is not %s reference,
6458 constant(%s): %s, CORE::%s is not a keyword, defined(@array) is deprecated,
6459 defined(%hash) is deprecated, Did not produce a valid header, (Did you mean
6460 "local" instead of "our"?), Document contains no data, entering effective
6461 %s failed, false [] range "%s" in regexp, Filehandle %s opened only for
6462 output, flock() on closed filehandle %s, Global symbol "%s" requires
6463 explicit package name, Hexadecimal number > 0xffffffff non-portable,
6464 Ill-formed CRTL environ value "%s", Ill-formed message in prime_env_iter:
6465 |%s|, Illegal binary digit %s, Illegal binary digit %s ignored, Illegal
6466 number of bits in vec, Integer overflow in %s number, Invalid %s attribute:
6467 %s, Invalid %s attributes: %s, invalid [] range "%s" in regexp, Invalid
6468 separator character %s in attribute list, Invalid separator character %s in
6469 subroutine attribute list, leaving effective %s failed, Lvalue subs
6470 returning %s not implemented yet, Method %s not permitted, Missing
6471 %sbrace%s on \N{}, Missing command in piped open, Missing name in "my sub",
6472 No %s specified for -%c, No package name allowed for variable %s in "our",
6473 No space allowed after -%c, no UTC offset information; assuming local time
6474 is UTC, Octal number > 037777777777 non-portable, panic: del_backref,
6475 panic: kid popen errno read, panic: magic_killbackrefs, Parentheses missing
6476 around "%s" list, Possible unintended interpolation of %s in string,
6477 Possible Y2K bug: %s, pragma "attrs" is deprecated, use "sub NAME : ATTRS"
6478 instead, Premature end of script headers, Repeat count in pack overflows,
6479 Repeat count in unpack overflows, realloc() of freed memory ignored,
6480 Reference is already weak, setpgrp can't take arguments, Strange *+?{} on
6481 zero-length expression, switching effective %s is not implemented, This
6482 Perl can't reset CRTL environ elements (%s), This Perl can't set CRTL
6483 environ elements (%s=%s), Too late to run %s block, Unknown open() mode
6484 '%s', Unknown process %x sent message to prime_env_iter: %s, Unrecognized
6485 escape \\%c passed through, Unterminated attribute parameter in attribute
6486 list, Unterminated attribute list, Unterminated attribute parameter in
6487 subroutine attribute list, Unterminated subroutine attribute list, Value of
6488 CLI symbol "%s" too long, Version number must be a constant number
6492 =item Incompatible Changes
6496 =item Perl Source Incompatibilities
6498 CHECK is a new keyword, Treatment of list slices of undef has changed,
6499 Format of $English::PERL_VERSION is different, Literals of the form
6500 C<1.2.3> parse differently, Possibly changed pseudo-random number
6501 generator, Hashing function for hash keys has changed, C<undef> fails on
6502 read only values, Close-on-exec bit may be set on pipe and socket handles,
6503 Writing C<"$$1"> to mean C<"${$}1"> is unsupported, delete(), each(),
6504 values() and C<\(%h)>, vec(EXPR,OFFSET,BITS) enforces powers-of-two BITS,
6505 Text of some diagnostic output has changed, C<%@> has been removed,
6506 Parenthesized not() behaves like a list operator, Semantics of bareword
6507 prototype C<(*)> have changed, Semantics of bit operators may have changed
6508 on 64-bit platforms, More builtins taint their results
6510 =item C Source Incompatibilities
6512 C<PERL_POLLUTE>, C<PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT>, C<PERL_POLLUTE_MALLOC>
6514 =item Compatible C Source API Changes
6516 C<PATCHLEVEL> is now C<PERL_VERSION>
6518 =item Binary Incompatibilities
6522 =item Known Problems
6526 =item Thread test failures
6528 =item EBCDIC platforms not supported
6530 =item In 64-bit HP-UX the lib/io_multihomed test may hang
6532 =item NEXTSTEP 3.3 POSIX test failure
6534 =item Tru64 (aka Digital UNIX, aka DEC OSF/1) lib/sdbm test failure with
6537 =item UNICOS/mk CC failures during Configure run
6539 =item Arrow operator and arrays
6541 =item Experimental features
6543 Threads, Unicode, 64-bit support, Lvalue subroutines, Weak references, The
6544 pseudo-hash data type, The Compiler suite, Internal implementation of file
6545 globbing, The DB module, The regular expression code constructs:
6549 =item Obsolete Diagnostics
6551 Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Ill-formed
6552 logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter, In string, @%s now must be written as
6553 \@%s, Probable precedence problem on %s, regexp too big, Use of "$$<digit>"
6554 to mean "${$}<digit>" is deprecated
6556 =item Reporting Bugs
6564 =head2 perl5005delta - what's new for perl5.005
6570 =item About the new versioning system
6572 =item Incompatible Changes
6576 =item WARNING: This version is not binary compatible with Perl 5.004.
6578 =item Default installation structure has changed
6580 =item Perl Source Compatibility
6582 =item C Source Compatibility
6584 =item Binary Compatibility
6586 =item Security fixes may affect compatibility
6588 =item Relaxed new mandatory warnings introduced in 5.004
6602 =item Regular Expressions
6604 Many new and improved optimizations, Many bug fixes, New regular expression
6605 constructs, New operator for precompiled regular expressions, Other
6606 improvements, Incompatible changes
6608 =item Improved malloc()
6610 =item Quicksort is internally implemented
6612 =item Reliable signals
6614 =item Reliable stack pointers
6616 =item More generous treatment of carriage returns
6620 =item Better support for multiple interpreters
6622 =item Behavior of local() on array and hash elements is now well-defined
6624 =item C<%!> is transparently tied to the L<Errno> module
6626 =item Pseudo-hashes are supported
6628 =item C<EXPR foreach EXPR> is supported
6630 =item Keywords can be globally overridden
6632 =item C<$^E> is meaningful on Win32
6634 =item C<foreach (1..1000000)> optimized
6636 =item C<Foo::> can be used as implicitly quoted package name
6638 =item C<exists $Foo::{Bar::}> tests existence of a package
6640 =item Better locale support
6642 =item Experimental support for 64-bit platforms
6644 =item prototype() returns useful results on builtins
6646 =item Extended support for exception handling
6648 =item Re-blessing in DESTROY() supported for chaining DESTROY() methods
6650 =item All C<printf> format conversions are handled internally
6652 =item New C<INIT> keyword
6654 =item New C<lock> keyword
6656 =item New C<qr//> operator
6658 =item C<our> is now a reserved word
6660 =item Tied arrays are now fully supported
6662 =item Tied handles support is better
6664 =item 4th argument to substr
6666 =item Negative LENGTH argument to splice
6668 =item Magic lvalues are now more magical
6670 =item <> now reads in records
6674 =item Supported Platforms
6680 =item Changes in existing support
6684 =item Modules and Pragmata
6690 B, Data::Dumper, Dumpvalue, Errno, File::Spec, ExtUtils::Installed,
6691 ExtUtils::Packlist, Fatal, IPC::SysV, Test, Tie::Array, Tie::Handle,
6692 Thread, attrs, fields, re
6694 =item Changes in existing modules
6696 Benchmark, Carp, CGI, Fcntl, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, POSIX, DB_File,
6697 MakeMaker, CPAN, Cwd
6701 =item Utility Changes
6703 =item Documentation Changes
6705 =item New Diagnostics
6707 Ambiguous call resolved as CORE::%s(), qualify as such or use &, Bad index
6708 while coercing array into hash, Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent
6709 package, Can't call method "%s" on an undefined value, Can't check
6710 filesystem of script "%s" for nosuid, Can't coerce array into hash, Can't
6711 goto subroutine from an eval-string, Can't localize pseudo-hash element,
6712 Can't use %%! because Errno.pm is not available, Cannot find an opnumber
6713 for "%s", Character class syntax [. .] is reserved for future extensions,
6714 Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Character
6715 class syntax [= =] is reserved for future extensions, %s: Eval-group in
6716 insecure regular expression, %s: Eval-group not allowed, use re 'eval', %s:
6717 Eval-group not allowed at run time, Explicit blessing to '' (assuming
6718 package main), Illegal hex digit ignored, No such array field, No such
6719 field "%s" in variable %s of type %s, Out of memory during ridiculously
6720 large request, Range iterator outside integer range, Recursive inheritance
6721 detected while looking for method '%s' %s, Reference found where even-sized
6722 list expected, Undefined value assigned to typeglob, Use of reserved word
6723 "%s" is deprecated, perl: warning: Setting locale failed
6725 =item Obsolete Diagnostics
6727 Can't mktemp(), Can't write to temp file for B<-e>: %s, Cannot open
6728 temporary file, regexp too big
6730 =item Configuration Changes
6740 =head2 perl5004delta - what's new for perl5.004
6746 =item Supported Environments
6752 =item List assignment to %ENV works
6754 =item Change to "Can't locate Foo.pm in @INC" error
6756 =item Compilation option: Binary compatibility with 5.003
6758 =item $PERL5OPT environment variable
6760 =item Limitations on B<-M>, B<-m>, and B<-T> options
6762 =item More precise warnings
6764 =item Deprecated: Inherited C<AUTOLOAD> for non-methods
6766 =item Previously deprecated %OVERLOAD is no longer usable
6768 =item Subroutine arguments created only when they're modified
6770 =item Group vector changeable with C<$)>
6772 =item Fixed parsing of $$<digit>, &$<digit>, etc.
6774 =item Fixed localization of $<digit>, $&, etc.
6776 =item No resetting of $. on implicit close
6778 =item C<wantarray> may return undef
6780 =item C<eval EXPR> determines value of EXPR in scalar context
6782 =item Changes to tainting checks
6784 No glob() or <*>, No spawning if tainted $CDPATH, $ENV, $BASH_ENV, No
6785 spawning if tainted $TERM doesn't look like a terminal name
6787 =item New Opcode module and revised Safe module
6789 =item Embedding improvements
6791 =item Internal change: FileHandle class based on IO::* classes
6793 =item Internal change: PerlIO abstraction interface
6795 =item New and changed syntax
6799 =item New and changed builtin constants
6803 =item New and changed builtin variables
6807 =item New and changed builtin functions
6809 delete on slices, flock, printf and sprintf, keys as an lvalue, my() in
6810 Control Structures, pack() and unpack(), sysseek(), use VERSION, use Module
6811 VERSION LIST, prototype(FUNCTION), srand, $_ as Default, C<m//gc> does not
6812 reset search position on failure, C<m//x> ignores whitespace before ?*+{},
6813 nested C<sub{}> closures work now, formats work right on changing lexicals
6815 =item New builtin methods
6817 isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] )
6819 =item TIEHANDLE now supported
6821 TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this, LIST, READ this
6822 LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, DESTROY this
6824 =item Malloc enhancements
6826 -DPERL_EMERGENCY_SBRK, -DPACK_MALLOC, -DTWO_POT_OPTIMIZE
6828 =item Miscellaneous efficiency enhancements
6832 =item Support for More Operating Systems
6848 use autouse MODULE => qw(sub1 sub2 sub3), use blib, use blib 'dir', use
6849 constant NAME => VALUE, use locale, use ops, use vmsish
6855 =item Required Updates
6857 =item Installation directories
6859 =item Module information summary
6873 =item Object-oriented overrides for builtin operators
6877 =item Utility Changes
6883 Sends converted HTML to standard output
6887 C<void> XSUBs now default to returning nothing
6891 =item C Language API Changes
6893 C<gv_fetchmethod> and C<perl_call_sv>, C<perl_eval_pv>, Extended API for
6896 =item Documentation Changes
6898 L<perldelta>, L<perlfaq>, L<perllocale>, L<perltoot>, L<perlapio>,
6899 L<perlmodlib>, L<perldebug>, L<perlsec>
6901 =item New Diagnostics
6903 "my" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same scope, %s argument is
6904 not a HASH element or slice, Allocation too large: %lx, Allocation too
6905 large, Applying %s to %s will act on scalar(%s), Attempt to free
6906 nonexistent shared string, Attempt to use reference as lvalue in substr,
6907 Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent package, Can't redefine active sort
6908 subroutine %s, Can't use bareword ("%s") as %s ref while "strict refs" in
6909 use, Cannot resolve method `%s' overloading `%s' in package `%s', Constant
6910 subroutine %s redefined, Constant subroutine %s undefined, Copy method did
6911 not return a reference, Died, Exiting pseudo-block via %s, Identifier too
6912 long, Illegal character %s (carriage return), Illegal switch in PERL5OPT:
6913 %s, Integer overflow in hex number, Integer overflow in octal number,
6914 internal error: glob failed, Invalid conversion in %s: "%s", Invalid type
6915 in pack: '%s', Invalid type in unpack: '%s', Name "%s::%s" used only once:
6916 possible typo, Null picture in formline, Offset outside string, Out of
6917 memory!, Out of memory during request for %s, panic: frexp, Possible
6918 attempt to put comments in qw() list, Possible attempt to separate words
6919 with commas, Scalar value @%s{%s} better written as $%s{%s}, Stub found
6920 while resolving method `%s' overloading `%s' in %s, Too late for "B<-T>"
6921 option, untie attempted while %d inner references still exist, Unrecognized
6922 character %s, Unsupported function fork, Use of "$$<digit>" to mean
6923 "${$}<digit>" is deprecated, Value of %s can be "0"; test with defined(),
6924 Variable "%s" may be unavailable, Variable "%s" will not stay shared,
6925 Warning: something's wrong, Ill-formed logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter,
6926 Got an error from DosAllocMem, Malformed PERLLIB_PREFIX, PERL_SH_DIR too
6927 long, Process terminated by SIG%s
6937 =head2 perlaix, README.aix - Perl version 5 on IBM Unix (AIX) systems
6945 =item Compiling Perl 5 on AIX
6949 =item Building Dynamic Extensions on AIX
6951 =item The IBM ANSI C Compiler
6953 =item Using GNU's gcc for building perl
6955 =item Using Large Files with Perl
6961 =item AIX 4.2 and extensions using C++ with statics
6971 =head2 perlapollo, README.apollo - Perl version 5 on Apollo DomainOS
6981 =head2 perlamiga - Perl under Amiga OS
6995 =item Prerequisites for Compiling Perl on AmigaOS
6997 B<Unix emulation for AmigaOS: ixemul.library>, B<Version of Amiga OS>
6999 =item Starting Perl programs under AmigaOS
7001 =item Shortcomings of Perl under AmigaOS
7007 =item Accessing documentation
7011 =item Manpages for Perl on AmigaOS
7013 =item Perl HTML Documentation on AmigaOS
7015 =item Perl GNU Info Files on AmigaOS
7017 =item Perl LaTeX Documentation on AmigaOS
7021 =item BUILDING PERL ON AMIGAOS
7025 =item Build Prerequisites for Perl on AmigaOS
7027 =item Getting the Perl Source for AmigaOS
7029 =item Making Perl on AmigaOS
7031 =item Testing Perl on AmigaOS
7033 =item Installing the built Perl on AmigaOS
7043 =head2 perlbeos, README.beos - Perl version 5 on BeOS
7051 =item General Issues with Perl on BeOS
7053 =item BeOS Release-specific Notes
7057 =item Contact Information
7059 =item Update 2002-05-30
7065 =head2 perlbs2000, README.BS2000 - building and installing Perl for BS2000.
7075 =item gzip on BS2000
7077 =item bison on BS2000
7079 =item Unpacking Perl Distribution on BS2000
7081 =item Compiling Perl on BS2000
7083 =item Testing Perl on BS2000
7085 =item Installing Perl on BS2000
7087 =item Using Perl in the Posix-Shell of BS2000
7089 =item Using Perl in "native" BS2000
7091 =item Floating point anomalies on BS2000
7125 =item Acknowledgements
7131 =head2 perlcygwin, README.cygwin - Perl for Cygwin
7137 =item PREREQUISITES FOR COMPILING PERL ON CYGWIN
7141 =item Cygwin = GNU+Cygnus+Windows (Don't leave UNIX without it)
7143 =item Cygwin Configuration
7145 C<PATH>, I<nroff>, Permissions
7149 =item CONFIGURE PERL ON CYGWIN
7153 =item Stripping Perl Binaries on Cygwin
7155 =item Optional Libraries for Perl on Cygwin
7157 C<-lcrypt>, C<-lgdbm> (C<use GDBM_File>), C<-ldb> (C<use DB_File>),
7158 C<-lcygipc> (C<use IPC::SysV>), C<-lutil>
7160 =item Configure-time Options for Perl on Cygwin
7162 C<-Uusedl>, C<-Uusemymalloc>, C<-Uuseperlio>, C<-Dusemultiplicity>,
7163 C<-Duse64bitint>, C<-Duselongdouble>, C<-Dusethreads>, C<-Duselargefiles>,
7166 =item Suspicious Warnings on Cygwin
7168 I<dlsym()>, Win9x and C<d_eofnblk>, Compiler/Preprocessor defines
7172 =item MAKE ON CYGWIN
7176 =item Warnings on Cygwin
7182 =item TEST ON CYGWIN
7186 =item File Permissions on Cygwin
7188 =item Script Portability on Cygwin
7190 Pathnames, Text/Binary, F<.exe>, chown(), Miscellaneous
7194 =item INSTALL PERL ON CYGWIN
7196 =item MANIFEST ON CYGWIN
7198 Documentation, Build, Configure, Make, Install, Tests, Compiled Perl
7199 Source, Compiled Module Source, Perl Modules/Scripts
7201 =item BUGS ON CYGWIN
7209 =head2 perldgux - Perl under DG/UX.
7221 =item BUILDING PERL ON DG/UX
7225 =item Non-threaded Perl on DG/UX
7227 =item Threaded Perl on DG/UX
7229 =item Testing Perl on DG/UX
7231 =item Installing the built perl on DG/UX
7241 =head2 perldos - Perl under DOS, W31, W95.
7251 =item Prerequisites for Compiling Perl on DOS
7255 =item Shortcomings of Perl under DOS
7257 =item Building Perl on DOS
7259 =item Testing Perl on DOS
7261 =item Installation of Perl on DOS
7265 =item BUILDING AND INSTALLING MODULES ON DOS
7269 =item Building Prerequisites for Perl on DOS
7271 =item Unpacking CPAN Modules on DOS
7273 =item Building Non-XS Modules on DOS
7275 =item Building XS Modules on DOS
7285 =head2 perlepoc, README.epoc - Perl for EPOC
7293 =item INSTALLING PERL ON EPOC
7295 =item STARTING PERL ON EPOC
7299 =item Editors on Epoc
7301 =item Features of Perl on Epoc
7303 =item Restrictions of Perl on Epoc
7305 =item Compiling Perl 5 on the EPOC cross compiling environment
7309 =item SUPPORT STATUS OF PERL ON EPOC
7317 =head2 perlfreebsd, README.freebsd - Perl version 5 on FreeBSD systems
7325 =item FreeBSD core dumps from readdir_r with ithreads
7327 =item $^X doesn't always contain a full path in FreeBSD
7329 =item Perl will no more be part of "base FreeBSD"
7337 =head2 perlhpux, README.hpux - Perl version 5 on Hewlett-Packard Unix
7346 =item Using perl as shipped with HP-UX
7348 =item Compiling Perl 5 on HP-UX
7360 =item Portability Between PA-RISC Versions
7362 =item Itanium Processor Family and HP-UX
7364 =item Building Dynamic Extensions on HP-UX
7366 =item The HP ANSI C Compiler
7368 =item The GNU C Compiler
7370 =item Using Large Files with Perl on HP-UX
7372 =item Threaded Perl on HP-UX
7374 =item 64-bit Perl on HP-UX
7376 =item Oracle on HP-UX
7378 =item GDBM and Threads on HP-UX
7380 =item NFS filesystems and utime(2) on HP-UX
7382 =item perl -P and // and HP-UX
7384 =item HP-UX Kernel Parameters (maxdsiz) for Compiling Perl
7388 =item nss_delete core dump from op/pwent or op/grent
7396 =head2 perlhurd, README.hurd - Perl version 5 on Hurd
7404 =item Known Problems with Perl on Hurd
7412 =head2 perlirix, README.irix - Perl version 5 on Irix systems
7420 =item Building 32-bit Perl in Irix
7422 =item Building 64-bit Perl in Irix
7424 =item About Compiler Versions of Irix
7426 =item Linker Problems in Irix
7428 =item Malloc in Irix
7430 =item Building with threads
7438 =head2 perlmachten, README.machten - Perl version 5 on Power MachTen
7447 =item Compiling Perl 5 on MachTen
7449 =item Failures during C<make test> on MachTen
7451 op/lexassign.t, pragma/warnings.t
7453 =item Building external modules on MachTen
7463 =head2 perlmacos, README.macos - Perl under Mac OS (Classic)
7477 =head2 perlmint, README.mint - Perl version 5 on Atari MiNT
7483 =item Known problems with Perl on MiNT
7489 =head2 perlmpeix, README.mpeix - Perl/iX for HP e3000 MPE
7497 =item Binary distribution from HP
7499 =item What's New in Perl for MPE/iX
7501 =item Welcome to Perl/iX
7503 =item System Requirements for Perl/iX
7505 =item How to Obtain Perl/iX
7507 =item Perl/iX Distribution Contents Highlights
7509 README, INSTALL, LIBSHP3K, PERL, .cpan/, lib/, man/,
7510 public_html/feedback.cgi, src/perl-5.6.0-mpe
7512 =item How to Compile Perl/iX
7516 =item Getting Started with Perl/iX
7518 =item MPE/iX Implementation Considerations
7520 =item Known Perl/iX Bugs Under Investigation
7522 =item Perl/iX To-Do List
7524 =item Perl/iX Change History
7540 SetNWBld.bat, Buildtype.bat
7552 =item Build new extensions
7554 =item Acknowledgements
7562 =head2 perlos2 - Perl under OS/2, DOS, Win0.3*, Win0.95 and WinNT.
7582 EMX, RSX, HPFS, pdksh
7584 =item Starting Perl programs under OS/2 (and DOS and...)
7586 =item Starting OS/2 (and DOS) programs under Perl
7590 =item Frequently asked questions
7594 =item "It does not work"
7596 =item I cannot run external programs
7598 =item I cannot embed perl into my program, or use F<perl.dll> from my
7601 Is your program EMX-compiled with C<-Zmt -Zcrtdll>?, Did you use
7604 =item C<``> and pipe-C<open> do not work under DOS.
7606 =item Cannot start C<find.exe "pattern" file>
7614 =item Automatic binary installation
7616 C<PERL_BADLANG>, C<PERL_BADFREE>, F<Config.pm>
7618 =item Manual binary installation
7620 Perl VIO and PM executables (dynamically linked), Perl_ VIO executable
7621 (statically linked), Executables for Perl utilities, Main Perl library,
7622 Additional Perl modules, Tools to compile Perl modules, Manpages for Perl
7623 and utilities, Manpages for Perl modules, Source for Perl documentation,
7624 Perl manual in F<.INF> format, Pdksh
7630 =item Accessing documentation
7634 =item OS/2 F<.INF> file
7642 =item GNU C<info> files
7654 =item The short story
7658 =item Getting perl source
7660 =item Application of the patches
7668 A lot of C<bad free>, Process terminated by SIGTERM/SIGINT, F<op/fs.t>,
7671 =item Installing the built perl
7673 =item C<a.out>-style build
7681 =item Some C</> became C<\> in pdksh.
7683 =item C<'errno'> - unresolved external
7685 =item Problems with tr or sed
7687 =item Some problem (forget which ;-)
7689 =item Library ... not found
7691 =item Segfault in make
7693 =item op/sprintf test failure
7697 =item Specific (mis)features of OS/2 port
7701 =item C<setpriority>, C<getpriority>
7705 =item C<extproc> on the first line
7707 =item Additional modules:
7709 =item Prebuilt methods:
7711 C<File::Copy::syscopy>, C<DynaLoader::mod2fname>, C<Cwd::current_drive()>,
7712 C<Cwd::sys_chdir(name)>, C<Cwd::change_drive(name)>,
7713 C<Cwd::sys_is_absolute(name)>, C<Cwd::sys_is_rooted(name)>,
7714 C<Cwd::sys_is_relative(name)>, C<Cwd::sys_cwd(name)>,
7715 C<Cwd::sys_abspath(name, dir)>, C<Cwd::extLibpath([type])>,
7716 C<Cwd::extLibpath_set( path [, type ] )>,
7717 C<OS2::Error(do_harderror,do_exception)>, C<OS2::Errors2Drive(drive)>,
7718 OS2::SysInfo(), OS2::BootDrive(), C<OS2::MorphPM(serve)>,
7719 C<OS2::UnMorphPM(serve)>, C<OS2::Serve_Messages(force)>,
7720 C<OS2::Process_Messages(force [, cnt])>, C<OS2::_control87(new,mask)>,
7721 OS2::get_control87(), C<OS2::set_control87_em(new=MCW_EM,mask=MCW_EM)>
7723 =item Prebuilt variables:
7725 $OS2::emx_rev, $OS2::emx_env, $OS2::os_ver
7731 C<popen>, C<tmpnam>, C<tmpfile>, C<ctermid>, C<stat>, C<mkdir>, C<rmdir>,
7734 =item Identifying DLLs
7736 =item Centralized management of resources
7752 =item F<perl___.exe>
7754 =item Why strange names?
7756 =item Why dynamic linking?
7758 =item Why chimera build?
7766 =item C<PERLLIB_PREFIX>
7768 =item C<PERL_BADLANG>
7770 =item C<PERL_BADFREE>
7772 =item C<PERL_SH_DIR>
7774 =item C<USE_PERL_FLOCK>
7776 =item C<TMP> or C<TEMP>
7786 =item DLL name mangling: pre 5.6.2
7788 =item DLL name mangling: 5.6.2 and beyond
7790 Global DLLs, specific DLLs, C<BEGINLIBPATH> and C<ENDLIBPATH>, F<.> from
7793 =item DLL forwarder generation
7797 =item Calls to external programs
7799 =item Memory allocation
7803 C<COND_WAIT>, F<os2.c>
7819 =head2 perlos390, README.os390 - building and installing Perl for OS/390
7832 =item Unpacking Perl distribution on OS/390
7834 =item Setup and utilities for Perl on OS/390
7836 =item Configure Perl on OS/390
7838 =item Build, Test, Install Perl on OS/390
7840 =item Build Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
7842 =item Testing Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
7844 =item Installation Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
7846 =item Usage Hints for Perl on OS/390
7848 =item Floating Point Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
7850 =item Modules and Extensions for Perl on OS/390
7860 =item Mailing list for Perl on OS/390
7868 =head2 perlqnx, README.qnx - Perl version 5 on QNX
7876 =item Required Software for Compiling Perl on QNX4
7878 /bin/sh, ar, nm, cpp, make
7880 =item Outstanding Issues with Perl on QNX4
7882 =item QNX auxiliary files
7886 =item Outstanding issues with perl under QNX6
7894 =head2 perlplan9 - Plan 9-specific documentation for Perl
7904 =item What's in Plan 9 Perl
7906 =item What's not in Plan 9 Perl
7908 =item Perl5 Functions not currently supported in Plan 9 Perl
7910 =item Signals in Plan 9 Perl
7914 =item COMPILING AND INSTALLING PERL ON PLAN 9
7918 =item Installing Perl Documentation on Plan 9
7930 =head2 perlsolaris, README.solaris - Perl version 5 on Solaris systems
7938 =item Solaris Version Numbers.
7944 Solaris FAQ, Precompiled Binaries, Solaris Documentation
7950 =item File Extraction Problems on Solaris.
7952 =item Compiler and Related Tools on Solaris.
7954 =item Environment for Compiling Perl on Solaris
7958 =item RUN CONFIGURE.
7962 =item 64-bit Issues with Perl on Solaris.
7964 =item Threads in Perl on Solaris.
7966 =item Malloc Issues with Perl on Solaris.
7970 =item MAKE PROBLEMS.
7972 Dynamic Loading Problems With GNU as and GNU ld, ld.so.1: ./perl: fatal:
7973 relocation error:, dlopen: stub interception failed, #error "No
7974 DATAMODEL_NATIVE specified", sh: ar: not found
7980 =item op/stat.t test 4 in Solaris
7982 =item nss_delete core dump from op/pwent or op/grent
7986 =item PREBUILT BINARIES OF PERL FOR SOLARIS.
7988 =item RUNTIME ISSUES FOR PERL ON SOLARIS.
7992 =item Limits on Numbers of Open Files on Solaris.
7996 =item SOLARIS-SPECIFIC MODULES.
7998 =item SOLARIS-SPECIFIC PROBLEMS WITH MODULES.
8002 =item Proc::ProcessTable on Solaris
8004 =item BSD::Resource on Solaris
8006 =item Net::SSLeay on Solaris
8016 =head2 perltru64, README.tru64 - Perl version 5 on Tru64 (formerly known as
8017 Digital UNIX formerly known as DEC OSF/1) systems
8025 =item Compiling Perl 5 on Tru64
8027 =item Using Large Files with Perl on Tru64
8029 =item Threaded Perl on Tru64
8031 =item Long Doubles on Tru64
8033 =item 64-bit Perl on Tru64
8035 =item Warnings about floating-point overflow when compiling Perl on Tru64
8039 =item Testing Perl on Tru64
8041 =item ext/ODBM_File/odbm Test Failing With Static Builds
8043 =item Perl Fails Because Of Unresolved Symbol sockatmark
8049 =head2 perluts - Perl under UTS
8057 =item BUILDING PERL ON UTS
8059 =item Installing the built perl on UTS
8065 =head2 perlvmesa, README.vmesa - building and installing Perl for VM/ESA.
8075 =item Unpacking Perl Distribution on VM/ESA
8077 =item Setup Perl and utilities on VM/ESA
8079 =item Configure Perl on VM/ESA
8081 =item Testing Anomalies of Perl on VM/ESA
8083 =item Usage Hints for Perl on VM/ESA
8093 =item Mailing list for Perl on VM/ESA
8099 =head2 perlvms - VMS-specific documentation for Perl
8107 =item Organization of Perl Images
8113 =item Perl Extensions
8115 =item Installing static extensions
8117 =item Installing dynamic extensions
8121 =item File specifications
8127 =item Wildcard expansion
8133 =item PERL5LIB and PERLLIB
8139 =item I/O redirection and backgrounding
8141 =item Command line switches
8147 =item Perl functions
8149 File tests, backticks, binmode FILEHANDLE, crypt PLAINTEXT, USER, dump,
8150 exec LIST, fork, getpwent, getpwnam, getpwuid, gmtime, kill, qx//, select
8151 (system call), stat EXPR, system LIST, time, times, unlink LIST, utime
8152 LIST, waitpid PID,FLAGS
8154 =item Perl variables
8156 %ENV, CRTL_ENV, CLISYM_[LOCAL], Any other string, $!, $^E, $?, $|
8158 =item Standard modules with VMS-specific differences
8172 =head2 perlvos, README.vos - Perl for Stratus VOS
8180 =item Multiple methods to build perl for VOS
8182 =item Stratus POSIX Support
8186 =item INSTALLING PERL IN VOS
8190 =item Compiling Perl 5 on VOS
8192 =item Installing Perl 5 on VOS
8196 =item USING PERL IN VOS
8200 =item Unimplemented Features of Perl on VOS
8202 =item Restrictions of Perl on VOS
8204 =item Handling of underflow and overflow
8210 =item SUPPORT STATUS
8218 =head2 perlwin32 - Perl under Windows
8228 =item Setting Up Perl on Win32
8230 Make, Command Shell, Borland C++, Microsoft Visual C++, Microsoft Platform
8231 SDK 64-bit Compiler, Mingw32 with GCC
8235 =item Testing Perl on Win32
8237 =item Installation of Perl on Win32
8239 =item Usage Hints for Perl on Win32
8241 Environment Variables, File Globbing, Using perl from the command line,
8242 Building Extensions, Command-line Wildcard Expansion, Win32 Specific
8243 Extensions, Notes on 64-bit Windows
8245 =item Running Perl Scripts
8247 Miscellaneous Things
8251 =item BUGS AND CAVEATS
8255 Gary Ng E<lt>71564.1743@CompuServe.COME<gt>, Gurusamy Sarathy
8256 E<lt>gsar@activestate.comE<gt>, Nick Ing-Simmons
8257 E<lt>nick@ing-simmons.netE<gt>
8265 =head1 PRAGMA DOCUMENTATION
8267 =head2 attrs - set/get attributes of a subroutine (deprecated)
8279 =head2 re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour
8289 =head2 threadshared::queue, threads::shared::queue - thread-safe queues
8297 =item FUNCTIONS AND METHODS
8299 new, enqueue LIST, dequeue, dequeue_nb, pending
8305 =head2 threadshared::semaphore, threads::shared::semaphore - thread-safe
8314 =item FUNCTIONS AND METHODS
8316 new, new NUMBER, down, down NUMBER, up, up NUMBER
8320 =head2 threadshared::shared, threads::shared - Perl extension for sharing
8321 data structures between threads
8333 share VARIABLE, lock VARIABLE, cond_wait VARIABLE, cond_signal VARIABLE,
8334 cond_broadcast VARIABLE
8346 =head2 threads - Perl extension allowing use of interpreter based threads
8355 $thread = threads->create(function, LIST), $thread->join, $thread->detach,
8356 threads->self, $thread->tid, threads->yield();, threads->list();, async
8361 A thread exited while %d other threads were still running
8365 Parent-Child threads, tid is I32, Returning objects, PERL_OLD_SIGNALS are
8366 not threadsafe, will not be
8368 =item AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT
8374 =head2 attributes - get/set subroutine or variable attributes
8384 =item Built-in Attributes
8386 locked, method, lvalue
8388 =item Available Subroutines
8392 =item Package-specific Attribute Handling
8394 FETCH_I<type>_ATTRIBUTES, MODIFY_I<type>_ATTRIBUTES
8396 =item Syntax of Attribute Lists
8404 =item Default exports
8406 =item Available exports
8408 =item Export tags defined
8418 =head2 attrs - set/get attributes of a subroutine (deprecated)
8430 =head2 autouse - postpone load of modules until a function is used
8446 =head2 base - Establish IS-A relationship with base class at compile time
8460 =head2 bigint - Transparent big integer support for Perl
8472 a or accuracy, p or precision, t or trace, l or lib, v or version
8476 =item INTERNAL FORMAT
8496 =head2 bignum - Transparent BigNumber support for Perl
8508 a or accuracy, p or precision, t or trace, l or lib, v or version
8512 =item INTERNAL FORMAT
8532 =head2 bigrat - Transparent BigNumber/BigRational support for Perl
8554 perl -Mbigrat -le 'print sqrt(33)'
8555 perl -Mbigrat -le 'print 2*255'
8556 perl -Mbigrat -le 'print 4.5+2*255'
8557 perl -Mbigrat -le 'print 3/7 + 5/7 + 8/3'
8558 perl -Mbigrat -le 'print 12->is_odd()';
8568 =head2 blib - Use MakeMaker's uninstalled version of a package
8582 =head2 bytes - Perl pragma to force byte semantics rather than character
8595 =head2 charnames - define character names for C<\N{named}> string literal
8604 =item CUSTOM TRANSLATORS
8606 =item charnames::viacode(code)
8608 =item charnames::vianame(name)
8612 =item ILLEGAL CHARACTERS
8618 =head2 constant - Perl pragma to declare constants
8630 =item List constants
8632 =item Defining multiple constants at once
8634 =item Magic constants
8638 =item TECHNICAL NOTES
8648 =head2 diagnostics - Perl compiler pragma to force verbose warning
8659 =item The C<diagnostics> Pragma
8661 =item The I<splain> Program
8675 =head2 encoding - allows you to write your script in non-ascii or non-utf8
8685 use encoding [I<ENCNAME>] ;, use encoding I<ENCNAME> [ STDIN =E<gt>
8686 I<ENCNAME_IN> ...] ;, no encoding;
8694 =item DO NOT MIX MULTIPLE ENCODINGS
8698 =item Non-ASCII Identifiers and Filter option
8700 use encoding I<ENCNAME> Filter=E<gt>1;
8702 =item EXAMPLE - Greekperl
8704 =item KNOWN PROBLEMS
8710 =head2 fields - compile-time class fields
8724 =head2 filetest - Perl pragma to control the filetest permission operators
8734 =item subpragma access
8740 =head2 if - C<use> a Perl module if a condition holds
8754 =head2 integer - Perl pragma to use integer arithmetic instead of floating
8765 =head2 less - perl pragma to request less of something from the compiler
8775 =head2 lib - manipulate @INC at compile time
8785 =item Adding directories to @INC
8787 =item Deleting directories from @INC
8789 =item Restoring original @INC
8803 =head2 locale - Perl pragma to use and avoid POSIX locales for built-in
8814 =head2 open - perl pragma to set default disciplines for input and output
8822 =item NONPERLIO FUNCTIONALITY
8824 =item IMPLEMENTATION DETAILS
8830 =head2 ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when compiling
8842 =head2 overload - Package for overloading perl operations
8852 =item Declaration of overloaded functions
8854 =item Calling Conventions for Binary Operations
8856 FALSE, TRUE, C<undef>
8858 =item Calling Conventions for Unary Operations
8860 =item Calling Conventions for Mutators
8862 C<++> and C<-->, C<x=> and other assignment versions
8864 =item Overloadable Operations
8866 I<Arithmetic operations>, I<Comparison operations>, I<Bit operations>,
8867 I<Increment and decrement>, I<Transcendental functions>, I<Boolean, string
8868 and numeric conversion>, I<Iteration>, I<Dereferencing>, I<Special>
8870 =item Inheritance and overloading
8872 Strings as values of C<use overload> directive, Overloading of an operation
8873 is inherited by derived classes
8877 =item SPECIAL SYMBOLS FOR C<use overload>
8885 C<undef>, TRUE, defined, but FALSE
8887 =item Copy Constructor
8893 =item MAGIC AUTOGENERATION
8895 I<Assignment forms of arithmetic operations>, I<Conversion operations>,
8896 I<Increment and decrement>, C<abs($a)>, I<Unary minus>, I<Negation>,
8897 I<Concatenation>, I<Comparison operations>, I<Iterator>, I<Dereferencing>,
8900 =item Losing overloading
8902 =item Run-time Overloading
8904 =item Public functions
8906 overload::StrVal(arg), overload::Overloaded(arg), overload::Method(obj,op)
8908 =item Overloading constants
8910 integer, float, binary, q, qr
8912 =item IMPLEMENTATION
8914 =item Metaphor clash
8920 =item Two-face scalars
8922 =item Two-face references
8924 =item Symbolic calculator
8926 =item I<Really> symbolic calculator
8934 Odd number of arguments for overload::constant, `%s' is not an overloadable
8935 type, `%s' is not a code reference
8941 =head2 re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour
8951 =head2 sigtrap - Perl pragma to enable simple signal handling
8963 =item SIGNAL HANDLERS
8965 B<stack-trace>, B<die>, B<handler> I<your-handler>
8969 B<normal-signals>, B<error-signals>, B<old-interface-signals>
8973 B<untrapped>, B<any>, I<signal>, I<number>
8981 =head2 sort - perl pragma to control sort() behaviour
8993 =head2 strict - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe constructs
9001 C<strict refs>, C<strict vars>, C<strict subs>
9005 =head2 subs - Perl pragma to predeclare sub names
9015 =head2 threads - Perl extension allowing use of interpreter based threads
9024 $thread = threads->create(function, LIST), $thread->join, $thread->detach,
9025 threads->self, $thread->tid, threads->yield();, threads->list();, async
9030 A thread exited while %d other threads were still running
9034 Parent-Child threads, tid is I32, Returning objects, PERL_OLD_SIGNALS are
9035 not threadsafe, will not be
9037 =item AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT
9043 =head2 threadshared, threads::shared - Perl extension for sharing data
9044 structures between threads
9056 share VARIABLE, lock VARIABLE, cond_wait VARIABLE, cond_signal VARIABLE,
9057 cond_broadcast VARIABLE
9069 =head2 threadshared::queue, threads::shared::queue - thread-safe queues
9077 =item FUNCTIONS AND METHODS
9079 new, enqueue LIST, dequeue, dequeue_nb, pending
9085 =head2 threadshared::semaphore, threads::shared::semaphore - thread-safe
9094 =item FUNCTIONS AND METHODS
9096 new, new NUMBER, down, down NUMBER, up, up NUMBER
9100 =head2 utf8 - Perl pragma to enable/disable UTF-8 (or UTF-EBCDIC) in source
9111 =item Utility functions
9113 $num_octets = utf8::upgrade($string);, utf8::downgrade($string[, FAIL_OK]),
9114 utf8::encode($string), $flag = utf8::decode($string), $flag =
9123 =head2 vars - Perl pragma to predeclare global variable names (obsolete)
9133 =head2 vmsish - Perl pragma to control VMS-specific language features
9141 C<vmsish status>, C<vmsish exit>, C<vmsish time>, C<vmsish hushed>
9145 =head2 warnings - Perl pragma to control optional warnings
9153 use warnings::register, warnings::enabled(), warnings::enabled($category),
9154 warnings::enabled($object), warnings::warn($message),
9155 warnings::warn($category, $message), warnings::warn($object, $message),
9156 warnings::warnif($message), warnings::warnif($category, $message),
9157 warnings::warnif($object, $message)
9161 =head2 warnings::register - warnings import function
9171 =head1 MODULE DOCUMENTATION
9173 =head2 AnyDBM_File - provide framework for multiple DBMs
9183 =item DBM Comparisons
9193 =head2 Attribute::Handlers - Simpler definition of attribute handlers
9203 [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5]
9207 =item Typed lexicals
9209 =item Type-specific attribute handlers
9211 =item Non-interpretive attribute handlers
9213 =item Phase-specific attribute handlers
9215 =item Attributes as C<tie> interfaces
9223 C<Bad attribute type: ATTR(%s)>, C<Attribute handler %s doesn't handle %s
9224 attributes>, C<Declaration of %s attribute in package %s may clash with
9225 future reserved word>, C<Can't have two ATTR specifiers on one subroutine>,
9226 C<Can't autotie a %s>, C<Internal error: %s symbol went missing>, C<Won't
9227 be able to apply END handler>
9237 =head2 AutoLoader - load subroutines only on demand
9247 =item Subroutine Stubs
9249 =item Using B<AutoLoader>'s AUTOLOAD Subroutine
9251 =item Overriding B<AutoLoader>'s AUTOLOAD Subroutine
9253 =item Package Lexicals
9255 =item Not Using AutoLoader
9257 =item B<AutoLoader> vs. B<SelfLoader>
9267 =head2 AutoSplit - split a package for autoloading
9275 $keep, $check, $modtime
9279 =item Multiple packages
9287 =head2 B - The Perl Compiler
9295 =item OVERVIEW OF CLASSES
9299 =item SV-RELATED CLASSES
9307 IV, IVX, UVX, int_value, needs64bits, packiv
9321 =item B::PVMG METHODS
9325 =item B::MAGIC METHODS
9327 MOREMAGIC, precomp, PRIVATE, TYPE, FLAGS, OBJ, PTR, REGEX
9329 =item B::PVLV METHODS
9331 TARGOFF, TARGLEN, TYPE, TARG
9335 USEFUL, PREVIOUS, RARE, TABLE
9339 is_empty, NAME, SAFENAME, STASH, SV, IO, FORM, AV, HV, EGV, CV, CVGEN,
9340 LINE, FILE, FILEGV, GvREFCNT, FLAGS
9344 LINES, PAGE, PAGE_LEN, LINES_LEFT, TOP_NAME, TOP_GV, FMT_NAME, FMT_GV,
9345 BOTTOM_NAME, BOTTOM_GV, SUBPROCESS, IoTYPE, IoFLAGS, IsSTD
9349 FILL, MAX, OFF, ARRAY, AvFLAGS
9353 STASH, START, ROOT, GV, FILE, DEPTH, PADLIST, OUTSIDE, XSUB, XSUBANY,
9358 FILL, MAX, KEYS, RITER, NAME, PMROOT, ARRAY
9360 =item OP-RELATED CLASSES
9364 next, sibling, name, ppaddr, desc, targ, type, seq, flags, private
9366 =item B::UNOP METHOD
9370 =item B::BINOP METHOD
9374 =item B::LOGOP METHOD
9378 =item B::LISTOP METHOD
9382 =item B::PMOP METHODS
9384 pmreplroot, pmreplstart, pmnext, pmregexp, pmflags, pmdynflags,
9385 pmpermflags, precomp, pmoffet
9387 =item B::SVOP METHOD
9391 =item B::PADOP METHOD
9395 =item B::PVOP METHOD
9399 =item B::LOOP METHODS
9401 redoop, nextop, lastop
9403 =item B::COP METHODS
9405 label, stash, file, cop_seq, arybase, line
9409 =item FUNCTIONS EXPORTED BY C<B>
9411 main_cv, init_av, begin_av, end_av, main_root, main_start, comppadlist,
9412 regex_padav, sv_undef, sv_yes, sv_no, amagic_generation, walkoptree(OP,
9413 METHOD), walkoptree_debug(DEBUG), walksymtable(SYMREF, METHOD, RECURSE,
9414 PREFIX), svref_2object(SV), ppname(OPNUM), hash(STR), cast_I32(I), minus_c,
9415 cstring(STR), perlstring(STR), class(OBJ), threadsv_names
9421 =head2 B::Asmdata - Autogenerated data about Perl ops, used to generate
9430 %insn_data, @insn_name, @optype, @specialsv_name
9436 =head2 B::Assembler - Assemble Perl bytecode
9448 =head2 B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks
9468 =head2 B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend
9478 B<-ofilename>, B<-afilename>, B<-->, B<-f>, B<-fcompress-nullops>,
9479 B<-fomit-sequence-numbers>, B<-fbypass-nullops>, B<-On>, B<-D>, B<-Do>,
9480 B<-Db>, B<-Da>, B<-DC>, B<-S>, B<-upackage>
9490 =head2 B::C - Perl compiler's C backend
9500 B<-ofilename>, B<-v>, B<-->, B<-uPackname>, B<-D>, B<-Do>, B<-Dc>, B<-DA>,
9501 B<-DC>, B<-DM>, B<-f>, B<-fcog>, B<-fsave-data>, B<-fppaddr>, B<-fwarn-sv>,
9502 B<-fuse-script-name>, B<-fsave-sig-hash>, B<-On>, B<-O0>, B<-O1>, B<-O2>,
9513 =head2 B::CC - Perl compiler's optimized C translation backend
9523 B<-ofilename>, B<-v>, B<-->, B<-uPackname>, B<-mModulename>, B<-D>, B<-Dr>,
9524 B<-DO>, B<-Ds>, B<-Dp>, B<-Dq>, B<-Dl>, B<-Dt>, B<-f>,
9525 B<-ffreetmps-each-bblock>, B<-ffreetmps-each-loop>, B<-fomit-taint>, B<-On>
9537 =item Context of ".."
9541 =item Deprecated features
9549 =head2 B::Concise - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing concise info about ops
9561 B<-basic>, B<-exec>, B<-tree>, B<-compact>, B<-loose>, B<-vt>, B<-ascii>,
9562 B<-main>, B<-base>I<n>, B<-bigendian>, B<-littleendian>, B<-concise>,
9563 B<-terse>, B<-linenoise>, B<-debug>, B<-env>
9565 =item FORMATTING SPECIFICATIONS
9567 B<(x(>I<exec_text>B<;>I<basic_text>B<)x)>, B<(*(>I<text>B<)*)>,
9568 B<(*(>I<text1>B<;>I<text2>B<)*)>, B<(?(>I<text1>B<#>I<var>I<Text2>B<)?)>,
9569 B<#>I<var>, B<#>I<var>I<N>, B<~>, B<#addr>, B<#arg>, B<#class>,
9570 B<#classsym>, B<#coplabel>, B<#exname>, B<#extarg>, B<#firstaddr>,
9571 B<#flags>, B<#flagval>, B<#hyphseq>, B<#label>, B<#lastaddr>, B<#name>,
9572 B<#NAME>, B<#next>, B<#nextaddr>, B<#noise>, B<#private>, B<#privval>,
9573 B<#seq>, B<#seqnum>, B<#sibaddr>, B<#svaddr>, B<#svclass>, B<#svval>,
9574 B<#targ>, B<#targarg>, B<#targarglife>, B<#typenum>
9580 =item OP flags abbreviations
9582 =item OP class abbreviations
9586 =item Using B::Concise outside of the O framework
9592 =head2 B::Debug - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing debug info about ops
9604 =head2 B::Deparse - Perl compiler backend to produce perl code
9614 B<-l>, B<-p>, B<-P>, B<-q>, B<-f>I<FILE>, B<-s>I<LETTERS>, B<C>,
9615 B<i>I<NUMBER>, B<T>, B<v>I<STRING>B<.>, B<-x>I<LEVEL>
9617 =item USING B::Deparse AS A MODULE
9627 =item ambient_pragmas
9629 strict, $[, bytes, utf8, integer, re, warnings, hint_bits, warning_bits
9641 =head2 B::Disassembler - Disassemble Perl bytecode
9653 =head2 B::Lint - Perl lint
9661 =item OPTIONS AND LINT CHECKS
9663 B<context>, B<implicit-read> and B<implicit-write>, B<dollar-underscore>,
9664 B<private-names>, B<undefined-subs>, B<regexp-variables>, B<all>, B<none>
9666 =item NON LINT-CHECK OPTIONS
9676 =head2 B::O, O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends
9686 =item IMPLEMENTATION
9694 =head2 B::Showlex - Show lexical variables used in functions or files
9706 =head2 B::Stackobj - Helper module for CC backend
9718 =head2 B::Stash - show what stashes are loaded
9720 =head2 B::Terse - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing terse info about ops
9732 =head2 B::Xref - Generates cross reference reports for Perl programs
9742 C<-oFILENAME>, C<-r>, C<-d>, C<-D[tO]>
9750 =head2 Bblock, B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks
9770 =head2 Benchmark - benchmark running times of Perl code
9784 =item Standard Exports
9786 timeit(COUNT, CODE), timethis ( COUNT, CODE, [ TITLE, [ STYLE ]] ),
9787 timethese ( COUNT, CODEHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), timediff ( T1, T2 ), timestr (
9788 TIMEDIFF, [ STYLE, [ FORMAT ] ] )
9790 =item Optional Exports
9792 clearcache ( COUNT ), clearallcache ( ), cmpthese ( COUT, CODEHASHREF, [
9793 STYLE ] ), cmpthese ( RESULTSHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), countit(TIME, CODE),
9794 disablecache ( ), enablecache ( ), timesum ( T1, T2 )
9810 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
9814 =head2 ByteLoader - load byte compiled perl code
9828 =head2 Bytecode, B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend
9838 B<-ofilename>, B<-afilename>, B<-->, B<-f>, B<-fcompress-nullops>,
9839 B<-fomit-sequence-numbers>, B<-fbypass-nullops>, B<-On>, B<-D>, B<-Do>,
9840 B<-Db>, B<-Da>, B<-DC>, B<-S>, B<-upackage>
9850 =head2 CGI - Simple Common Gateway Interface Class
9862 =item PROGRAMMING STYLE
9864 =item CALLING CGI.PM ROUTINES
9866 =item CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT (OBJECT-ORIENTED STYLE):
9868 =item CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT FROM AN INPUT FILE
9870 =item FETCHING A LIST OF KEYWORDS FROM THE QUERY:
9872 =item FETCHING THE NAMES OF ALL THE PARAMETERS PASSED TO YOUR SCRIPT:
9874 =item FETCHING THE VALUE OR VALUES OF A SINGLE NAMED PARAMETER:
9876 =item SETTING THE VALUE(S) OF A NAMED PARAMETER:
9878 =item APPENDING ADDITIONAL VALUES TO A NAMED PARAMETER:
9880 =item IMPORTING ALL PARAMETERS INTO A NAMESPACE:
9882 =item DELETING A PARAMETER COMPLETELY:
9884 =item DELETING ALL PARAMETERS:
9886 =item DIRECT ACCESS TO THE PARAMETER LIST:
9888 =item FETCHING THE PARAMETER LIST AS A HASH:
9890 =item SAVING THE STATE OF THE SCRIPT TO A FILE:
9892 =item RETRIEVING CGI ERRORS
9894 =item USING THE FUNCTION-ORIENTED INTERFACE
9896 B<:cgi>, B<:form>, B<:html2>, B<:html3>, B<:html4>, B<:netscape>, B<:html>,
9897 B<:standard>, B<:all>
9901 -any, -compile, -nosticky, -no_undef_params, -no_xhtml, -nph,
9902 -newstyle_urls, -oldstyle_urls, -autoload, -no_debug, -debug,
9905 =item SPECIAL FORMS FOR IMPORTING HTML-TAG FUNCTIONS
9907 1. start_table() (generates a <table> tag), 2. end_table() (generates a
9908 </table> tag), 3. start_ul() (generates a <ul> tag), 4. end_ul() (generates
9913 =item GENERATING DYNAMIC DOCUMENTS
9917 =item CREATING A STANDARD HTTP HEADER:
9919 =item GENERATING A REDIRECTION HEADER
9921 =item CREATING THE HTML DOCUMENT HEADER
9923 B<Parameters:>, 4, 5, 6..
9925 =item ENDING THE HTML DOCUMENT:
9927 =item CREATING A SELF-REFERENCING URL THAT PRESERVES STATE INFORMATION:
9929 =item OBTAINING THE SCRIPT'S URL
9931 B<-absolute>, B<-relative>, B<-full>, B<-path> (B<-path_info>), B<-query>
9932 (B<-query_string>), B<-base>
9934 =item MIXING POST AND URL PARAMETERS
9938 =item CREATING STANDARD HTML ELEMENTS:
9942 =item PROVIDING ARGUMENTS TO HTML SHORTCUTS
9944 =item THE DISTRIBUTIVE PROPERTY OF HTML SHORTCUTS
9946 =item HTML SHORTCUTS AND LIST INTERPOLATION
9948 =item NON-STANDARD HTML SHORTCUTS
9950 =item AUTOESCAPING HTML
9952 $escaped_string = escapeHTML("unescaped string");, $charset =
9953 charset([$charset]);, $flag = autoEscape([$flag]);
9955 =item PRETTY-PRINTING HTML
9959 =item CREATING FILL-OUT FORMS:
9963 =item CREATING AN ISINDEX TAG
9965 =item STARTING AND ENDING A FORM
9967 B<application/x-www-form-urlencoded>, B<multipart/form-data>
9969 =item CREATING A TEXT FIELD
9973 =item CREATING A BIG TEXT FIELD
9975 =item CREATING A PASSWORD FIELD
9977 =item CREATING A FILE UPLOAD FIELD
9981 =item CREATING A POPUP MENU
9983 =item CREATING A SCROLLING LIST
9987 =item CREATING A GROUP OF RELATED CHECKBOXES
9991 =item CREATING A STANDALONE CHECKBOX
9995 =item CREATING A RADIO BUTTON GROUP
9999 =item CREATING A SUBMIT BUTTON
10003 =item CREATING A RESET BUTTON
10005 =item CREATING A DEFAULT BUTTON
10007 =item CREATING A HIDDEN FIELD
10011 =item CREATING A CLICKABLE IMAGE BUTTON
10015 =item CREATING A JAVASCRIPT ACTION BUTTON
10021 1. an expiration time, 2. a domain, 3. a path, 4. a "secure" flag,
10022 B<-name>, B<-value>, B<-path>, B<-domain>, B<-expires>, B<-secure>
10024 =item WORKING WITH FRAMES
10026 1. Create a <Frameset> document, 2. Specify the destination for the
10027 document in the HTTP header, 3. Specify the destination for the document in
10030 =item LIMITED SUPPORT FOR CASCADING STYLE SHEETS
10036 =item DUMPING OUT ALL THE NAME/VALUE PAIRS
10040 =item FETCHING ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
10042 B<Accept()>, B<raw_cookie()>, B<user_agent()>, B<path_info()>,
10043 B<path_translated()>, B<remote_host()>, B<script_name()>, B<referer()>,
10044 B<auth_type ()>, B<server_name ()>, B<virtual_host ()>, B<server_port ()>,
10045 B<server_software ()>, B<remote_user ()>, B<user_name ()>,
10046 B<request_method()>, B<content_type()>, B<http()>, B<https()>
10048 =item USING NPH SCRIPTS
10050 In the B<use> statement, By calling the B<nph()> method:, By using B<-nph>
10055 multipart_init(), multipart_start(), multipart_end(), multipart_final()
10057 =item Avoiding Denial of Service Attacks
10059 B<$CGI::POST_MAX>, B<$CGI::DISABLE_UPLOADS>, B<1. On a script-by-script
10060 basis>, B<2. Globally for all scripts>
10062 =item COMPATIBILITY WITH CGI-LIB.PL
10064 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
10068 Matt Heffron (heffron@falstaff.css.beckman.com), James Taylor
10069 (james.taylor@srs.gov), Scott Anguish <sanguish@digifix.com>, Mike Jewell
10070 (mlj3u@virginia.edu), Timothy Shimmin (tes@kbs.citri.edu.au), Joergen Haegg
10071 (jh@axis.se), Laurent Delfosse (delfosse@delfosse.com), Richard Resnick
10072 (applepi1@aol.com), Craig Bishop (csb@barwonwater.vic.gov.au), Tony Curtis
10073 (tc@vcpc.univie.ac.at), Tim Bunce (Tim.Bunce@ig.co.uk), Tom Christiansen
10074 (tchrist@convex.com), Andreas Koenig (k@franz.ww.TU-Berlin.DE), Tim
10075 MacKenzie (Tim.MacKenzie@fulcrum.com.au), Kevin B. Hendricks
10076 (kbhend@dogwood.tyler.wm.edu), Stephen Dahmen (joyfire@inxpress.net), Ed
10077 Jordan (ed@fidalgo.net), David Alan Pisoni (david@cnation.com), Doug
10078 MacEachern (dougm@opengroup.org), Robin Houston (robin@oneworld.org),
10079 ...and many many more..
10081 =item A COMPLETE EXAMPLE OF A SIMPLE FORM-BASED SCRIPT
10089 =head2 CGI::Apache - Backward compatibility module for CGI.pm
10099 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
10107 =head2 CGI::Carp, B<CGI::Carp> - CGI routines for writing to the HTTPD (or
10116 =item REDIRECTING ERROR MESSAGES
10118 =item MAKING PERL ERRORS APPEAR IN THE BROWSER WINDOW
10122 =item Changing the default message
10126 =item MAKING WARNINGS APPEAR AS HTML COMMENTS
10136 =head2 CGI::Cookie - Interface to Netscape Cookies
10144 =item USING CGI::Cookie
10146 B<1. expiration date>, B<2. domain>, B<3. path>, B<4. secure flag>
10150 =item Creating New Cookies
10152 =item Sending the Cookie to the Browser
10154 =item Recovering Previous Cookies
10156 =item Manipulating Cookies
10158 B<name()>, B<value()>, B<domain()>, B<path()>, B<expires()>
10162 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
10170 =head2 CGI::Fast - CGI Interface for Fast CGI
10178 =item OTHER PIECES OF THE PUZZLE
10180 =item WRITING FASTCGI PERL SCRIPTS
10182 =item INSTALLING FASTCGI SCRIPTS
10184 =item USING FASTCGI SCRIPTS AS CGI SCRIPTS
10186 =item EXTERNAL FASTCGI SERVER INVOCATION
10188 FCGI_SOCKET_PATH, FCGI_LISTEN_QUEUE
10192 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
10200 =head2 CGI::Pretty - module to produce nicely formatted HTML code
10210 =item Tags that won't be formatted
10212 =item Customizing the Indenting
10224 =head2 CGI::Push - Simple Interface to Server Push
10232 =item USING CGI::Push
10234 -next_page, -last_page, -type, -delay, -cookie, -target, -expires, -nph
10238 =item Heterogeneous Pages
10240 =item Changing the Page Delay on the Fly
10244 =item INSTALLING CGI::Push SCRIPTS
10246 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
10254 =head2 CGI::Switch - Backward compatibility module for defunct CGI::Switch
10264 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
10272 =head2 CGI::Util - Internal utilities used by CGI module
10280 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
10286 =head2 CPAN - query, download and build perl modules from CPAN sites
10296 =item Interactive Mode
10298 Searching for authors, bundles, distribution files and modules, make, test,
10299 install, clean modules or distributions, get, readme, look module or
10300 distribution, ls author, Signals
10308 =item The four C<CPAN::*> Classes: Author, Bundle, Module, Distribution
10310 =item Programmer's interface
10312 expand($type,@things), expandany(@things), Programming Examples
10314 =item Methods in the other Classes
10316 CPAN::Author::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Author::as_string(),
10317 CPAN::Author::email(), CPAN::Author::fullname(), CPAN::Author::name(),
10318 CPAN::Bundle::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Bundle::as_string(),
10319 CPAN::Bundle::clean(), CPAN::Bundle::contains(),
10320 CPAN::Bundle::force($method,@args), CPAN::Bundle::get(),
10321 CPAN::Bundle::inst_file(), CPAN::Bundle::inst_version(),
10322 CPAN::Bundle::uptodate(), CPAN::Bundle::install(), CPAN::Bundle::make(),
10323 CPAN::Bundle::readme(), CPAN::Bundle::test(),
10324 CPAN::Distribution::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Distribution::as_string(),
10325 CPAN::Distribution::clean(), CPAN::Distribution::containsmods(),
10326 CPAN::Distribution::cvs_import(), CPAN::Distribution::dir(),
10327 CPAN::Distribution::force($method,@args), CPAN::Distribution::get(),
10328 CPAN::Distribution::install(), CPAN::Distribution::isa_perl(),
10329 CPAN::Distribution::look(), CPAN::Distribution::make(),
10330 CPAN::Distribution::prereq_pm(), CPAN::Distribution::readme(),
10331 CPAN::Distribution::test(), CPAN::Distribution::uptodate(),
10332 CPAN::Index::force_reload(), CPAN::Index::reload(), CPAN::InfoObj::dump(),
10333 CPAN::Module::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Module::as_string(),
10334 CPAN::Module::clean(), CPAN::Module::cpan_file(),
10335 CPAN::Module::cpan_version(), CPAN::Module::cvs_import(),
10336 CPAN::Module::description(), CPAN::Module::force($method,@args),
10337 CPAN::Module::get(), CPAN::Module::inst_file(),
10338 CPAN::Module::inst_version(), CPAN::Module::install(),
10339 CPAN::Module::look(), CPAN::Module::make(),
10340 CPAN::Module::manpage_headline(), CPAN::Module::readme(),
10341 CPAN::Module::test(), CPAN::Module::uptodate(), CPAN::Module::userid()
10343 =item Cache Manager
10347 =item Prerequisites
10349 =item Finding packages and VERSION
10353 =item Floppy, Zip, Offline Mode
10357 =item CONFIGURATION
10359 C<o conf E<lt>scalar optionE<gt>>, C<o conf E<lt>scalar optionE<gt>
10360 E<lt>valueE<gt>>, C<o conf E<lt>list optionE<gt>>, C<o conf E<lt>list
10361 optionE<gt> [shift|pop]>, C<o conf E<lt>list optionE<gt>
10362 [unshift|push|splice] E<lt>listE<gt>>
10366 =item Note on urllist parameter's format
10368 =item urllist parameter has CD-ROM support
10376 =item POPULATE AN INSTALLATION WITH LOTS OF MODULES
10378 =item WORKING WITH CPAN.pm BEHIND FIREWALLS
10382 =item Three basic types of firewalls
10384 http firewall, ftp firewall, One way visibility, SOCKS, IP Masquerade
10386 =item Configuring lynx or ncftp for going through a firewall
10392 1), 2), 3), 4), 5), 6), 7), 8), 9), 10)
10404 =head2 CPAN::FirstTime - Utility for CPAN::Config file Initialization
10414 =head2 CPANox, CPAN::Nox - Wrapper around CPAN.pm without using any XS
10427 =head2 Carp, carp - warn of errors (from perspective of caller)
10437 =item Forcing a Stack Trace
10445 =head2 Carp::Heavy, Carp heavy machinery - no user serviceable parts inside
10447 =head2 Class::ISA -- report the search path for a class's ISA tree
10457 the function Class::ISA::super_path($CLASS), the function
10458 Class::ISA::self_and_super_path($CLASS), the function
10459 Class::ISA::self_and_super_versions($CLASS)
10461 =item CAUTIONARY NOTES
10469 =head2 Class::Struct - declare struct-like datatypes as Perl classes
10479 =item The C<struct()> function
10481 =item Class Creation at Compile Time
10483 =item Element Types and Accessor Methods
10485 Scalar (C<'$'> or C<'*$'>), Array (C<'@'> or C<'*@'>), Hash (C<'%'> or
10486 C<'*%'>), Class (C<'Class_Name'> or C<'*Class_Name'>)
10488 =item Initializing with C<new>
10494 Example 1, Example 2, Example 3
10496 =item Author and Modification History
10500 =head2 Config - access Perl configuration information
10508 myconfig(), config_sh(), config_vars(@names)
10520 C<_a>, C<_exe>, C<_o>
10524 C<afs>, C<afsroot>, C<alignbytes>, C<ansi2knr>, C<aphostname>,
10525 C<api_revision>, C<api_subversion>, C<api_version>, C<api_versionstring>,
10526 C<ar>, C<archlib>, C<archlibexp>, C<archname64>, C<archname>, C<archobjs>,
10527 C<asctime_r_proto>, C<awk>
10531 C<baserev>, C<bash>, C<bin>, C<binexp>, C<bison>, C<byacc>, C<byteorder>
10535 C<c>, C<castflags>, C<cat>, C<cc>, C<cccdlflags>, C<ccdlflags>, C<ccflags>,
10536 C<ccflags_uselargefiles>, C<ccname>, C<ccsymbols>, C<ccversion>, C<cf_by>,
10537 C<cf_email>, C<cf_time>, C<charsize>, C<chgrp>, C<chmod>, C<chown>,
10538 C<clocktype>, C<comm>, C<compress>, C<contains>, C<cp>, C<cpio>, C<cpp>,
10539 C<cpp_stuff>, C<cppccsymbols>, C<cppflags>, C<cpplast>, C<cppminus>,
10540 C<cpprun>, C<cppstdin>, C<cppsymbols>, C<crypt_r_proto>, C<cryptlib>,
10541 C<csh>, C<ctermid_r_proto>, C<ctime_r_proto>
10545 C<d__fwalk>, C<d_access>, C<d_accessx>, C<d_alarm>, C<d_archlib>,
10546 C<d_asctime_r>, C<d_atolf>, C<d_atoll>, C<d_attribut>, C<d_bcmp>,
10547 C<d_bcopy>, C<d_bsd>, C<d_bsdgetpgrp>, C<d_bsdsetpgrp>, C<d_bzero>,
10548 C<d_casti32>, C<d_castneg>, C<d_charvspr>, C<d_chown>, C<d_chroot>,
10549 C<d_chsize>, C<d_class>, C<d_closedir>, C<d_cmsghdr_s>, C<d_const>,
10550 C<d_crypt>, C<d_crypt_r>, C<d_csh>, C<d_ctermid_r>, C<d_ctime_r>,
10551 C<d_cuserid>, C<d_dbl_dig>, C<d_dbminitproto>, C<d_difftime>, C<d_dirfd>,
10552 C<d_dirnamlen>, C<d_dlerror>, C<d_dlopen>, C<d_dlsymun>, C<d_dosuid>,
10553 C<d_drand48_r>, C<d_drand48proto>, C<d_dup2>, C<d_eaccess>, C<d_endgrent>,
10554 C<d_endgrent_r>, C<d_endhent>, C<d_endhostent_r>, C<d_endnent>,
10555 C<d_endnetent_r>, C<d_endpent>, C<d_endprotoent_r>, C<d_endpwent>,
10556 C<d_endpwent_r>, C<d_endsent>, C<d_endservent_r>, C<d_eofnblk>,
10557 C<d_eunice>, C<d_fchdir>, C<d_fchmod>, C<d_fchown>, C<d_fcntl>,
10558 C<d_fcntl_can_lock>, C<d_fd_macros>, C<d_fd_set>, C<d_fds_bits>,
10559 C<d_fgetpos>, C<d_finite>, C<d_finitel>, C<d_flexfnam>, C<d_flock>,
10560 C<d_flockproto>, C<d_fork>, C<d_fp_class>, C<d_fpathconf>, C<d_fpclass>,
10561 C<d_fpclassify>, C<d_fpclassl>, C<d_fpos64_t>, C<d_frexpl>, C<d_fs_data_s>,
10562 C<d_fseeko>, C<d_fsetpos>, C<d_fstatfs>, C<d_fstatvfs>, C<d_fsync>,
10563 C<d_ftello>, C<d_ftime>, C<d_Gconvert>, C<d_getcwd>, C<d_getespwnam>,
10564 C<d_getfsstat>, C<d_getgrent>, C<d_getgrent_r>, C<d_getgrgid_r>,
10565 C<d_getgrnam_r>, C<d_getgrps>, C<d_gethbyaddr>, C<d_gethbyname>,
10566 C<d_gethent>, C<d_gethname>, C<d_gethostbyaddr_r>, C<d_gethostbyname_r>,
10567 C<d_gethostent_r>, C<d_gethostprotos>, C<d_getitimer>, C<d_getlogin>,
10568 C<d_getlogin_r>, C<d_getmnt>, C<d_getmntent>, C<d_getnbyaddr>,
10569 C<d_getnbyname>, C<d_getnent>, C<d_getnetbyaddr_r>, C<d_getnetbyname_r>,
10570 C<d_getnetent_r>, C<d_getnetprotos>, C<d_getpagsz>, C<d_getpbyname>,
10571 C<d_getpbynumber>, C<d_getpent>, C<d_getpgid>, C<d_getpgrp2>, C<d_getpgrp>,
10572 C<d_getppid>, C<d_getprior>, C<d_getprotobyname_r>,
10573 C<d_getprotobynumber_r>, C<d_getprotoent_r>, C<d_getprotoprotos>,
10574 C<d_getprpwnam>, C<d_getpwent>, C<d_getpwent_r>, C<d_getpwnam_r>,
10575 C<d_getpwuid_r>, C<d_getsbyname>, C<d_getsbyport>, C<d_getsent>,
10576 C<d_getservbyname_r>, C<d_getservbyport_r>, C<d_getservent_r>,
10577 C<d_getservprotos>, C<d_getspnam>, C<d_getspnam_r>, C<d_gettimeod>,
10578 C<d_gmtime_r>, C<d_gnulibc>, C<d_grpasswd>, C<d_hasmntopt>, C<d_htonl>,
10579 C<d_index>, C<d_inetaton>, C<d_int64_t>, C<d_isascii>, C<d_isfinite>,
10580 C<d_isinf>, C<d_isnan>, C<d_isnanl>, C<d_killpg>, C<d_lchown>,
10581 C<d_ldbl_dig>, C<d_link>, C<d_localtime_r>, C<d_locconv>, C<d_lockf>,
10582 C<d_longdbl>, C<d_longlong>, C<d_lseekproto>, C<d_lstat>, C<d_madvise>,
10583 C<d_mblen>, C<d_mbstowcs>, C<d_mbtowc>, C<d_memchr>, C<d_memcmp>,
10584 C<d_memcpy>, C<d_memmove>, C<d_memset>, C<d_mkdir>, C<d_mkdtemp>,
10585 C<d_mkfifo>, C<d_mkstemp>, C<d_mkstemps>, C<d_mktime>, C<d_mmap>,
10586 C<d_modfl>, C<d_modfl_pow32_bug>, C<d_mprotect>, C<d_msg>, C<d_msg_ctrunc>,
10587 C<d_msg_dontroute>, C<d_msg_oob>, C<d_msg_peek>, C<d_msg_proxy>,
10588 C<d_msgctl>, C<d_msgget>, C<d_msghdr_s>, C<d_msgrcv>, C<d_msgsnd>,
10589 C<d_msync>, C<d_munmap>, C<d_mymalloc>, C<d_nice>, C<d_nl_langinfo>,
10590 C<d_nv_preserves_uv>, C<d_off64_t>, C<d_old_pthread_create_joinable>,
10591 C<d_oldpthreads>, C<d_oldsock>, C<d_open3>, C<d_pathconf>, C<d_pause>,
10592 C<d_perl_otherlibdirs>, C<d_phostname>, C<d_pipe>, C<d_poll>,
10593 C<d_portable>, C<d_PRId64>, C<d_PRIeldbl>, C<d_PRIEUldbl>, C<d_PRIfldbl>,
10594 C<d_PRIFUldbl>, C<d_PRIgldbl>, C<d_PRIGUldbl>, C<d_PRIi64>, C<d_PRIo64>,
10595 C<d_PRIu64>, C<d_PRIx64>, C<d_PRIXU64>, C<d_procselfexe>,
10596 C<d_pthread_atfork>, C<d_pthread_yield>, C<d_pwage>, C<d_pwchange>,
10597 C<d_pwclass>, C<d_pwcomment>, C<d_pwexpire>, C<d_pwgecos>, C<d_pwpasswd>,
10598 C<d_pwquota>, C<d_qgcvt>, C<d_quad>, C<d_random_r>, C<d_readdir64_r>,
10599 C<d_readdir>, C<d_readdir_r>, C<d_readlink>, C<d_readv>, C<d_recvmsg>,
10600 C<d_rename>, C<d_rewinddir>, C<d_rmdir>, C<d_safebcpy>, C<d_safemcpy>,
10601 C<d_sanemcmp>, C<d_sbrkproto>, C<d_sched_yield>, C<d_scm_rights>,
10602 C<d_SCNfldbl>, C<d_seekdir>, C<d_select>, C<d_sem>, C<d_semctl>,
10603 C<d_semctl_semid_ds>, C<d_semctl_semun>, C<d_semget>, C<d_semop>,
10604 C<d_sendmsg>, C<d_setegid>, C<d_seteuid>, C<d_setgrent>, C<d_setgrent_r>,
10605 C<d_setgrps>, C<d_sethent>, C<d_sethostent_r>, C<d_setitimer>,
10606 C<d_setlinebuf>, C<d_setlocale>, C<d_setlocale_r>, C<d_setnent>,
10607 C<d_setnetent_r>, C<d_setpent>, C<d_setpgid>, C<d_setpgrp2>, C<d_setpgrp>,
10608 C<d_setprior>, C<d_setproctitle>, C<d_setprotoent_r>, C<d_setpwent>,
10609 C<d_setpwent_r>, C<d_setregid>, C<d_setresgid>, C<d_setresuid>,
10610 C<d_setreuid>, C<d_setrgid>, C<d_setruid>, C<d_setsent>, C<d_setservent_r>,
10611 C<d_setsid>, C<d_setvbuf>, C<d_sfio>, C<d_shm>, C<d_shmat>,
10612 C<d_shmatprototype>, C<d_shmctl>, C<d_shmdt>, C<d_shmget>, C<d_sigaction>,
10613 C<d_sigprocmask>, C<d_sigsetjmp>, C<d_sockatmark>, C<d_sockatmarkproto>,
10614 C<d_socket>, C<d_socklen_t>, C<d_sockpair>, C<d_socks5_init>, C<d_sqrtl>,
10615 C<d_srand48_r>, C<d_srandom_r>, C<d_sresgproto>, C<d_sresuproto>,
10616 C<d_statblks>, C<d_statfs_f_flags>, C<d_statfs_s>, C<d_statvfs>,
10617 C<d_stdio_cnt_lval>, C<d_stdio_ptr_lval>, C<d_stdio_ptr_lval_nochange_cnt>,
10618 C<d_stdio_ptr_lval_sets_cnt>, C<d_stdio_stream_array>, C<d_stdiobase>,
10619 C<d_stdstdio>, C<d_strchr>, C<d_strcoll>, C<d_strctcpy>, C<d_strerrm>,
10620 C<d_strerror>, C<d_strerror_r>, C<d_strftime>, C<d_strtod>, C<d_strtol>,
10621 C<d_strtold>, C<d_strtoll>, C<d_strtoq>, C<d_strtoul>, C<d_strtoull>,
10622 C<d_strtouq>, C<d_strxfrm>, C<d_suidsafe>, C<d_symlink>, C<d_syscall>,
10623 C<d_syscallproto>, C<d_sysconf>, C<d_sysernlst>, C<d_syserrlst>,
10624 C<d_system>, C<d_tcgetpgrp>, C<d_tcsetpgrp>, C<d_telldir>,
10625 C<d_telldirproto>, C<d_time>, C<d_times>, C<d_tm_tm_gmtoff>,
10626 C<d_tm_tm_zone>, C<d_tmpnam_r>, C<d_truncate>, C<d_ttyname_r>, C<d_tzname>,
10627 C<d_u32align>, C<d_ualarm>, C<d_umask>, C<d_uname>, C<d_union_semun>,
10628 C<d_unordered>, C<d_usleep>, C<d_usleepproto>, C<d_ustat>, C<d_vendorarch>,
10629 C<d_vendorbin>, C<d_vendorlib>, C<d_vfork>, C<d_void_closedir>,
10630 C<d_voidsig>, C<d_voidtty>, C<d_volatile>, C<d_vprintf>, C<d_wait4>,
10631 C<d_waitpid>, C<d_wcstombs>, C<d_wctomb>, C<d_writev>, C<d_xenix>, C<date>,
10632 C<db_hashtype>, C<db_prefixtype>, C<db_version_major>, C<db_version_minor>,
10633 C<db_version_patch>, C<defvoidused>, C<direntrytype>, C<dlext>, C<dlsrc>,
10634 C<doublesize>, C<drand01>, C<drand48_r_proto>, C<dynamic_ext>
10638 C<eagain>, C<ebcdic>, C<echo>, C<egrep>, C<emacs>, C<endgrent_r_proto>,
10639 C<endhostent_r_proto>, C<endnetent_r_proto>, C<endprotoent_r_proto>,
10640 C<endpwent_r_proto>, C<endservent_r_proto>, C<eunicefix>, C<exe_ext>,
10641 C<expr>, C<extensions>, C<extras>
10645 C<fflushall>, C<fflushNULL>, C<find>, C<firstmakefile>, C<flex>,
10646 C<fpossize>, C<fpostype>, C<freetype>, C<from>, C<full_ar>, C<full_csh>,
10651 C<gccosandvers>, C<gccversion>, C<getgrent_r_proto>, C<getgrgid_r_proto>,
10652 C<getgrnam_r_proto>, C<gethostbyaddr_r_proto>, C<gethostbyname_r_proto>,
10653 C<gethostent_r_proto>, C<getlogin_r_proto>, C<getnetbyaddr_r_proto>,
10654 C<getnetbyname_r_proto>, C<getnetent_r_proto>, C<getprotobyname_r_proto>,
10655 C<getprotobynumber_r_proto>, C<getprotoent_r_proto>, C<getpwent_r_proto>,
10656 C<getpwnam_r_proto>, C<getpwuid_r_proto>, C<getservbyname_r_proto>,
10657 C<getservbyport_r_proto>, C<getservent_r_proto>, C<getspnam_r_proto>,
10658 C<gidformat>, C<gidsign>, C<gidsize>, C<gidtype>, C<glibpth>, C<gmake>,
10659 C<gmtime_r_proto>, C<gnulibc_version>, C<grep>, C<groupcat>, C<groupstype>,
10664 C<h_fcntl>, C<h_sysfile>, C<hint>, C<hostcat>
10668 C<i16size>, C<i16type>, C<i32size>, C<i32type>, C<i64size>, C<i64type>,
10669 C<i8size>, C<i8type>, C<i_arpainet>, C<i_bsdioctl>, C<i_crypt>, C<i_db>,
10670 C<i_dbm>, C<i_dirent>, C<i_dld>, C<i_dlfcn>, C<i_fcntl>, C<i_float>,
10671 C<i_fp>, C<i_fp_class>, C<i_gdbm>, C<i_grp>, C<i_ieeefp>, C<i_inttypes>,
10672 C<i_langinfo>, C<i_libutil>, C<i_limits>, C<i_locale>, C<i_machcthr>,
10673 C<i_malloc>, C<i_math>, C<i_memory>, C<i_mntent>, C<i_ndbm>, C<i_netdb>,
10674 C<i_neterrno>, C<i_netinettcp>, C<i_niin>, C<i_poll>, C<i_prot>,
10675 C<i_pthread>, C<i_pwd>, C<i_rpcsvcdbm>, C<i_sfio>, C<i_sgtty>, C<i_shadow>,
10676 C<i_socks>, C<i_stdarg>, C<i_stddef>, C<i_stdlib>, C<i_string>,
10677 C<i_sunmath>, C<i_sysaccess>, C<i_sysdir>, C<i_sysfile>, C<i_sysfilio>,
10678 C<i_sysin>, C<i_sysioctl>, C<i_syslog>, C<i_sysmman>, C<i_sysmode>,
10679 C<i_sysmount>, C<i_sysndir>, C<i_sysparam>, C<i_sysresrc>, C<i_syssecrt>,
10680 C<i_sysselct>, C<i_syssockio>, C<i_sysstat>, C<i_sysstatfs>,
10681 C<i_sysstatvfs>, C<i_systime>, C<i_systimek>, C<i_systimes>, C<i_systypes>,
10682 C<i_sysuio>, C<i_sysun>, C<i_sysutsname>, C<i_sysvfs>, C<i_syswait>,
10683 C<i_termio>, C<i_termios>, C<i_time>, C<i_unistd>, C<i_ustat>, C<i_utime>,
10684 C<i_values>, C<i_varargs>, C<i_varhdr>, C<i_vfork>,
10685 C<ignore_versioned_solibs>, C<inc_version_list>, C<inc_version_list_init>,
10686 C<incpath>, C<inews>, C<installarchlib>, C<installbin>, C<installman1dir>,
10687 C<installman3dir>, C<installprefix>, C<installprefixexp>,
10688 C<installprivlib>, C<installscript>, C<installsitearch>, C<installsitebin>,
10689 C<installsitelib>, C<installstyle>, C<installusrbinperl>,
10690 C<installvendorarch>, C<installvendorbin>, C<installvendorlib>, C<intsize>,
10691 C<issymlink>, C<ivdformat>, C<ivsize>, C<ivtype>
10695 C<known_extensions>, C<ksh>
10699 C<ld>, C<lddlflags>, C<ldflags>, C<ldflags_uselargefiles>, C<ldlibpthname>,
10700 C<less>, C<lib_ext>, C<libc>, C<libperl>, C<libpth>, C<libs>, C<libsdirs>,
10701 C<libsfiles>, C<libsfound>, C<libspath>, C<libswanted>,
10702 C<libswanted_uselargefiles>, C<line>, C<lint>, C<lkflags>, C<ln>, C<lns>,
10703 C<localtime_r_proto>, C<locincpth>, C<loclibpth>, C<longdblsize>,
10704 C<longlongsize>, C<longsize>, C<lp>, C<lpr>, C<ls>, C<lseeksize>,
10709 C<mail>, C<mailx>, C<make>, C<make_set_make>, C<mallocobj>, C<mallocsrc>,
10710 C<malloctype>, C<man1dir>, C<man1direxp>, C<man1ext>, C<man3dir>,
10711 C<man3direxp>, C<man3ext>
10715 C<Mcc>, C<mips_type>, C<mkdir>, C<mmaptype>, C<modetype>, C<more>,
10716 C<multiarch>, C<mv>, C<myarchname>, C<mydomain>, C<myhostname>, C<myuname>
10720 C<n>, C<need_va_copy>, C<netdb_hlen_type>, C<netdb_host_type>,
10721 C<netdb_name_type>, C<netdb_net_type>, C<nm>, C<nm_opt>, C<nm_so_opt>,
10722 C<nonxs_ext>, C<nroff>, C<nv_preserves_uv_bits>, C<nveformat>,
10723 C<nvEUformat>, C<nvfformat>, C<nvFUformat>, C<nvgformat>, C<nvGUformat>,
10724 C<nvsize>, C<nvtype>
10728 C<o_nonblock>, C<obj_ext>, C<old_pthread_create_joinable>, C<optimize>,
10729 C<orderlib>, C<osname>, C<osvers>, C<otherlibdirs>
10733 C<package>, C<pager>, C<passcat>, C<patchlevel>, C<path_sep>, C<perl5>,
10734 C<perl>, C<perl_patchlevel>
10738 C<PERL_REVISION>, C<PERL_SUBVERSION>, C<PERL_VERSION>, C<perladmin>,
10739 C<perllibs>, C<perlpath>, C<pg>, C<phostname>, C<pidtype>, C<plibpth>,
10740 C<pm_apiversion>, C<pmake>, C<pr>, C<prefix>, C<prefixexp>, C<privlib>,
10741 C<privlibexp>, C<procselfexe>, C<prototype>, C<ptrsize>
10745 C<quadkind>, C<quadtype>
10749 C<randbits>, C<randfunc>, C<random_r_proto>, C<randseedtype>, C<ranlib>,
10750 C<rd_nodata>, C<readdir64_r_proto>, C<readdir_r_proto>, C<revision>, C<rm>,
10751 C<rmail>, C<run>, C<runnm>
10755 C<sched_yield>, C<scriptdir>, C<scriptdirexp>, C<sed>, C<seedfunc>,
10756 C<selectminbits>, C<selecttype>, C<sendmail>, C<setgrent_r_proto>,
10757 C<sethostent_r_proto>, C<setlocale_r_proto>, C<setnetent_r_proto>,
10758 C<setprotoent_r_proto>, C<setpwent_r_proto>, C<setservent_r_proto>, C<sh>,
10759 C<shar>, C<sharpbang>, C<shmattype>, C<shortsize>, C<shrpenv>, C<shsharp>,
10760 C<sig_count>, C<sig_name>, C<sig_name_init>, C<sig_num>, C<sig_num_init>,
10761 C<sig_size>, C<signal_t>, C<sitearch>, C<sitearchexp>, C<sitebin>,
10762 C<sitebinexp>, C<sitelib>, C<sitelib_stem>, C<sitelibexp>, C<siteprefix>,
10763 C<siteprefixexp>, C<sizesize>, C<sizetype>, C<sleep>, C<smail>, C<so>,
10764 C<sockethdr>, C<socketlib>, C<socksizetype>, C<sort>, C<spackage>,
10765 C<spitshell>, C<sPRId64>, C<sPRIeldbl>, C<sPRIEUldbl>, C<sPRIfldbl>,
10766 C<sPRIFUldbl>, C<sPRIgldbl>, C<sPRIGUldbl>, C<sPRIi64>, C<sPRIo64>,
10767 C<sPRIu64>, C<sPRIx64>, C<sPRIXU64>, C<srand48_r_proto>,
10768 C<srandom_r_proto>, C<src>, C<sSCNfldbl>, C<ssizetype>, C<startperl>,
10769 C<startsh>, C<static_ext>, C<stdchar>, C<stdio_base>, C<stdio_bufsiz>,
10770 C<stdio_cnt>, C<stdio_filbuf>, C<stdio_ptr>, C<stdio_stream_array>,
10771 C<strerror_r_proto>, C<strings>, C<submit>, C<subversion>, C<sysman>
10775 C<tail>, C<tar>, C<targetarch>, C<tbl>, C<tee>, C<test>, C<timeincl>,
10776 C<timetype>, C<tmpnam_r_proto>, C<to>, C<touch>, C<tr>, C<trnl>, C<troff>,
10781 C<u16size>, C<u16type>, C<u32size>, C<u32type>, C<u64size>, C<u64type>,
10782 C<u8size>, C<u8type>, C<uidformat>, C<uidsign>, C<uidsize>, C<uidtype>,
10783 C<uname>, C<uniq>, C<uquadtype>, C<use5005threads>, C<use64bitall>,
10784 C<use64bitint>, C<usecrosscompile>, C<usedl>, C<useithreads>,
10785 C<uselargefiles>, C<uselongdouble>, C<usemorebits>, C<usemultiplicity>,
10786 C<usemymalloc>, C<usenm>, C<useopcode>, C<useperlio>, C<useposix>,
10787 C<usereentrant>, C<usesfio>, C<useshrplib>, C<usesocks>, C<usethreads>,
10788 C<usevendorprefix>, C<usevfork>, C<usrinc>, C<uuname>, C<uvoformat>,
10789 C<uvsize>, C<uvtype>, C<uvuformat>, C<uvxformat>, C<uvXUformat>
10793 C<vendorarch>, C<vendorarchexp>, C<vendorbin>, C<vendorbinexp>,
10794 C<vendorlib>, C<vendorlib_stem>, C<vendorlibexp>, C<vendorprefix>,
10795 C<vendorprefixexp>, C<version>, C<version_patchlevel_string>,
10796 C<versiononly>, C<vi>, C<voidflags>
10800 C<xlibpth>, C<xs_apiversion>
10804 C<yacc>, C<yaccflags>
10816 =head2 Cwd - get pathname of current working directory
10826 =item getcwd and friends
10828 getcwd, cwd, fastcwd, fastgetcwd
10830 =item abs_path and friends
10832 abs_path, realpath, fast_abs_path
10844 =head2 DB - programmatic interface to the Perl debugging API (draft,
10856 =item Global Variables
10858 $DB::sub, %DB::sub, $DB::single, $DB::signal, $DB::trace, @DB::args,
10859 @DB::dbline, %DB::dbline, $DB::package, $DB::filename, $DB::subname,
10864 CLIENT->register(), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->skippkg('D::hide'),
10865 CLIENT->run(), CLIENT->step(), CLIENT->next(), CLIENT->done()
10867 =item Client Callback Methods
10869 CLIENT->init(), CLIENT->prestop([STRING]), CLIENT->stop(), CLIENT->idle(),
10870 CLIENT->poststop([STRING]), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->cleanup(),
10871 CLIENT->output(LIST)
10881 =head2 DB_File - Perl5 access to Berkeley DB version 1.x
10889 B<DB_HASH>, B<DB_BTREE>, B<DB_RECNO>
10893 =item Using DB_File with Berkeley DB version 2 or greater
10895 =item Interface to Berkeley DB
10897 =item Opening a Berkeley DB Database File
10899 =item Default Parameters
10901 =item In Memory Databases
10909 =item A Simple Example
10917 =item Changing the BTREE sort order
10919 =item Handling Duplicate Keys
10921 =item The get_dup() Method
10923 =item The find_dup() Method
10925 =item The del_dup() Method
10927 =item Matching Partial Keys
10935 =item The 'bval' Option
10937 =item A Simple Example
10939 =item Extra RECNO Methods
10941 B<$X-E<gt>push(list) ;>, B<$value = $X-E<gt>pop ;>, B<$X-E<gt>shift>,
10942 B<$X-E<gt>unshift(list) ;>, B<$X-E<gt>length>, B<$X-E<gt>splice(offset,
10943 length, elements);>
10945 =item Another Example
10949 =item THE API INTERFACE
10951 B<$status = $X-E<gt>get($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status =
10952 $X-E<gt>put($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>del($key [,
10953 $flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>fd ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>seq($key,
10954 $value, $flags) ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>sync([$flags]) ;>
10958 B<filter_store_key>, B<filter_store_value>, B<filter_fetch_key>,
10959 B<filter_fetch_value>
10965 =item An Example -- the NULL termination problem.
10967 =item Another Example -- Key is a C int.
10971 =item HINTS AND TIPS
10975 =item Locking: The Trouble with fd
10977 =item Safe ways to lock a database
10979 B<Tie::DB_Lock>, B<Tie::DB_LockFile>, B<DB_File::Lock>
10981 =item Sharing Databases With C Applications
10983 =item The untie() Gotcha
10987 =item COMMON QUESTIONS
10991 =item Why is there Perl source in my database?
10993 =item How do I store complex data structures with DB_File?
10995 =item What does "Invalid Argument" mean?
10997 =item What does "Bareword 'DB_File' not allowed" mean?
11017 =head2 Data::Dumper - stringified perl data structures, suitable for both
11018 printing and C<eval>
11030 I<PACKAGE>->new(I<ARRAYREF [>, I<ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Dump I<or>
11031 I<PACKAGE>->Dump(I<ARRAYREF [>, I<ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Seen(I<[HASHREF]>),
11032 I<$OBJ>->Values(I<[ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Names(I<[ARRAYREF]>),
11039 =item Configuration Variables or Methods
11041 $Data::Dumper::Indent I<or> I<$OBJ>->Indent(I<[NEWVAL]>),
11042 $Data::Dumper::Purity I<or> I<$OBJ>->Purity(I<[NEWVAL]>),
11043 $Data::Dumper::Pad I<or> I<$OBJ>->Pad(I<[NEWVAL]>),
11044 $Data::Dumper::Varname I<or> I<$OBJ>->Varname(I<[NEWVAL]>),
11045 $Data::Dumper::Useqq I<or> I<$OBJ>->Useqq(I<[NEWVAL]>),
11046 $Data::Dumper::Terse I<or> I<$OBJ>->Terse(I<[NEWVAL]>),
11047 $Data::Dumper::Freezer I<or> $I<OBJ>->Freezer(I<[NEWVAL]>),
11048 $Data::Dumper::Toaster I<or> $I<OBJ>->Toaster(I<[NEWVAL]>),
11049 $Data::Dumper::Deepcopy I<or> $I<OBJ>->Deepcopy(I<[NEWVAL]>),
11050 $Data::Dumper::Quotekeys I<or> $I<OBJ>->Quotekeys(I<[NEWVAL]>),
11051 $Data::Dumper::Bless I<or> $I<OBJ>->Bless(I<[NEWVAL]>),
11052 $Data::Dumper::Maxdepth I<or> $I<OBJ>->Maxdepth(I<[NEWVAL]>),
11053 $Data::Dumper::Useperl I<or> $I<OBJ>->Useperl(I<[NEWVAL]>),
11054 $Data::Dumper::Sortkeys I<or> $I<OBJ>->Sortkeys(I<[NEWVAL]>),
11055 $Data::Dumper::Deparse I<or> $I<OBJ>->Deparse(I<[NEWVAL]>)
11075 =head2 Devel::DProf - a Perl code profiler
11083 =item PROFILE FORMAT
11095 =head2 Devel::PPPort, Perl/Pollution/Portability
11117 =head2 Devel::Peek - A data debugging tool for the XS programmer
11127 =item Runtime debugging
11129 =item Memory footprint debugging
11137 =item A simple scalar string
11139 =item A simple scalar number
11141 =item A simple scalar with an extra reference
11143 =item A reference to a simple scalar
11145 =item A reference to an array
11147 =item A reference to a hash
11149 =item Dumping a large array or hash
11151 =item A reference to an SV which holds a C pointer
11153 =item A reference to a subroutine
11167 =head2 Devel::SelfStubber - generate stubs for a SelfLoading module
11177 =head2 Digest:: - Modules that calculate message digests
11185 I<binary>, I<hex>, I<base64>
11189 $ctx = Digest->XXX($arg,...), $ctx = Digest->new(XXX => $arg,...), $ctx =
11190 Digest::XXX->new($arg,...), $ctx->reset, $ctx->add($data,...),
11191 $ctx->addfile($io_handle), $ctx->digest, $ctx->hexdigest, $ctx->b64digest
11199 =head2 Digest::MD5 - Perl interface to the MD5 Algorithm
11209 md5($data,...), md5_hex($data,...), md5_base64($data,...)
11213 $md5 = Digest::MD5->new, $md5->reset, $md5->add($data,...),
11214 $md5->addfile($io_handle), $md5->digest, $md5->hexdigest, $md5->b64digest
11226 =head2 DirHandle - supply object methods for directory handles
11238 =head2 Dumpvalue - provides screen dump of Perl data.
11250 C<arrayDepth>, C<hashDepth>, C<compactDump>, C<veryCompact>, C<globPrint>,
11251 C<dumpDBFiles>, C<dumpPackages>, C<dumpReused>, C<tick>, C<quoteHighBit>,
11252 C<printUndef>, C<usageOnly>, unctrl, subdump, bareStringify, quoteHighBit,
11257 dumpValue, dumpValues, stringify, dumpvars, set_quote, set_unctrl,
11258 compactDump, veryCompact, set, get
11264 =head2 DynaLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code
11272 @dl_library_path, @dl_resolve_using, @dl_require_symbols, @dl_librefs,
11273 @dl_modules, dl_error(), $dl_debug, dl_findfile(), dl_expandspec(),
11274 dl_load_file(), dl_unload_file(), dl_loadflags(), dl_find_symbol(),
11275 dl_find_symbol_anywhere(), dl_undef_symbols(), dl_install_xsub(),
11282 =head2 DynaLoader::XSLoader, XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into
11295 =head2 Encode - character encodings
11303 =item Table of Contents
11315 =item PERL ENCODING API
11317 $octets = encode(ENCODING, $string [, CHECK]), $string = decode(ENCODING,
11318 $octets [, CHECK]), [$length =] from_to($octets, FROM_ENC, TO_ENC [,
11319 CHECK]), $octets = encode_utf8($string);, $string = decode_utf8($octets [,
11324 =item Listing available encodings
11326 =item Defining Aliases
11330 =item Encoding via PerlIO
11332 =item Handling Malformed Data
11334 I<CHECK> = Encode::FB_DEFAULT ( == 0), I<CHECK> = Encode::FB_CROAK ( == 1),
11335 I<CHECK> = Encode::FB_QUIET, I<CHECK> = Encode::FB_WARN, perlqq mode
11336 (I<CHECK> = Encode::FB_PERLQQ), HTML charref mode (I<CHECK> =
11337 Encode::FB_HTMLCREF), XML charref mode (I<CHECK> = Encode::FB_XMLCREF), The
11342 =item Unimplemented fallback schemes
11346 =item Defining Encodings
11348 =item The UTF-8 flag
11350 Goal #1:, Goal #2:, Goal #3:, Goal #4:
11354 =item Messing with Perl's Internals
11356 is_utf8(STRING [, CHECK]), _utf8_on(STRING), _utf8_off(STRING)
11366 =head2 Encode::Alias - alias definitions to encodings
11374 As a simple string, As a qr// compiled regular expression, e.g.:, As a code
11379 =item Alias overloading
11387 =head2 Encode::Byte - Single Byte Encodings
11401 =head2 Encode::CJKConstants -- Internally used by Encode::??::ISO_2022_*
11403 =head2 Encode::CN - China-based Chinese Encodings
11419 =head2 Encode::CN::HZ -- internally used by Encode::CN
11421 =head2 Encode::Config -- internally used by Encode
11423 =head2 Encode::EBCDIC - EBCDIC Encodings
11437 =head2 Encode::Encoding - Encode Implementation Base Class
11447 =item Methods you should implement
11449 -E<gt>encode($string [,$check]), -E<gt>decode($octets [,$check])
11451 =item Other methods defined in Encode::Encodings
11453 -E<gt>name, -E<gt>new_sequence, -E<gt>perlio_ok(), -E<gt>needs_lines()
11455 =item Example: Encode::ROT13
11459 =item Why the heck Encode API is different?
11463 =item Compiled Encodings
11469 Scheme 1, Scheme 2, Other Schemes
11473 =head2 Encode::Guess -- Guesses encoding from data
11483 Encode::Guess->set_suspects, Encode::Guess->add_suspects,
11484 Encode::decode("Guess" ...), Encode::Guess->guess($data),
11485 guess_encoding($data, [, I<list of suspects>])
11495 =head2 Encode::JP - Japanese Encodings
11505 =item Note on ISO-2022-JP(-1)?
11513 =head2 Encode::JP::H2Z -- internally used by Encode::JP::2022_JP*
11515 =head2 Encode::JP::JIS7 -- internally used by Encode::JP
11517 =head2 Encode::KR - Korean Encodings
11531 =head2 Encode::KR::2022_KR -- internally used by Encode::KR
11533 =head2 Encode::MIME::Header -- MIME 'B' and 'Q' header encoding
11549 =head2 Encode::PerlIO -- a detailed document on Encode and PerlIO
11555 =item How does it work?
11563 =item How can I tell whether my encoding fully supports PerlIO ?
11571 =head2 Encode::Supported -- Encodings supported by Encode
11579 =item Encoding Names
11583 =item Supported Encodings
11587 =item Built-in Encodings
11589 =item Encode::Unicode -- other Unicode encodings
11591 =item Encode::Byte -- Extended ASCII
11593 ISO-8859 and corresponding vendor mappings, KOI8 - De Facto Standard for
11594 the Cyrillic world, gsm0338 - Hentai Latin 1
11596 =item CJK: Chinese, Japanese, Korean (Multibyte)
11598 Encode::CN -- Continental China, Encode::JP -- Japan, Encode::KR -- Korea,
11599 Encode::TW -- Taiwan, Encode::HanExtra -- More Chinese via CPAN,
11600 Encode::JIS2K -- JIS X 0213 encodings via CPAN
11602 =item Miscellaneous encodings
11604 Encode::EBCDIC, Encode::Symbols, Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::Guess
11608 =item Unsupported encodings
11610 ISO-2022-JP-2 [RFC1554], ISO-2022-CN [RFC1922], Various HP-UX encodings,
11611 Cyrillic encoding ISO-IR-111, ISO-8859-8-1 [Hebrew], ISIRI 3342, Iran
11612 System, ISIRI 2900 [Farsi], Thai encoding TCVN, Vietnamese encodings VPS,
11613 Various Mac encodings, (Mac) Indic encodings
11615 =item Encoding vs. Charset -- terminology
11617 =item Encoding Classification (by Anton Tagunov and Dan Kogai)
11621 =item Microsoft-related naming mess
11623 KS_C_5601-1987, GB2312, Big5, Shift_JIS
11629 character repertoire, coded character set (CCS), character encoding scheme
11630 (CES), charset (in MIME context), EUC, ISO-2022, UCS, UCS-2, Unicode, UTF,
11637 ECMA, ECMA-035 (eq C<ISO-2022>), IANA, Assigned Charset Names by IANA, ISO,
11638 RFC, UC, Unicode Glossary
11642 =item Other Notable Sites
11644 czyborra.com, CJK.inf, Jungshik Shin's Hangul FAQ, debian.org:
11645 "Introduction to i18n"
11647 =item Offline sources
11649 C<CJKV Information Processing> by Ken Lunde
11655 =head2 Encode::Symbol - Symbol Encodings
11669 =head2 Encode::TW - Taiwan-based Chinese Encodings
11685 =head2 Encode::Unicode -- Various Unicode Transformation Formats
11693 L<http://www.unicode.org/glossary/> says:, Quick Reference
11695 =item Size, Endianness, and BOM
11701 =item by endianness
11703 BOM as integer when fetched in network byte order
11707 =item Surrogate Pairs
11713 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Alias, Encode::Alias - alias definitions to
11722 As a simple string, As a qr// compiled regular expression, e.g.:, As a code
11727 =item Alias overloading
11735 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::CJKConstants, Encode::CJKConstants.pm --
11736 Internally used by Encode::??::ISO_2022_*
11738 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::CN::HZ, Encode::CN::HZ -- internally used by
11741 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Config, Encode::Config -- internally used by
11744 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Encoding, Encode::Encoding - Encode
11745 Implementation Base Class
11755 =item Methods you should implement
11757 -E<gt>encode($string [,$check]), -E<gt>decode($octets [,$check])
11759 =item Other methods defined in Encode::Encodings
11761 -E<gt>name, -E<gt>new_sequence, -E<gt>perlio_ok(), -E<gt>needs_lines()
11763 =item Example: Encode::ROT13
11767 =item Why the heck Encode API is different?
11771 =item Compiled Encodings
11777 Scheme 1, Scheme 2, Other Schemes
11781 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Guess, Encode::Guess -- Guesses encoding from
11792 Encode::Guess->set_suspects, Encode::Guess->add_suspects,
11793 Encode::decode("Guess" ...), Encode::Guess->guess($data),
11794 guess_encoding($data, [, I<list of suspects>])
11804 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::JP::H2Z, Encode::JP::H2Z -- internally used by
11805 Encode::JP::2022_JP*
11807 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::JP::JIS7, Encode::JP::JIS7 -- internally used
11810 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::KR::2022_KR, Encode::KR::2022_KR -- internally
11813 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::MIME::Header -- MIME 'B'
11814 and 'Q' header encoding
11830 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::PerlIO, Encode::PerlIO -- a detailed document
11831 on Encode and PerlIO
11837 =item How does it work?
11845 =item How can I tell whether my encoding fully supports PerlIO ?
11853 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Supported, Encode::Supported -- Encodings
11854 supported by Encode
11862 =item Encoding Names
11866 =item Supported Encodings
11870 =item Built-in Encodings
11872 =item Encode::Unicode -- other Unicode encodings
11874 =item Encode::Byte -- Extended ASCII
11876 ISO-8859 and corresponding vendor mappings, KOI8 - De Facto Standard for
11877 the Cyrillic world, gsm0338 - Hentai Latin 1
11879 =item CJK: Chinese, Japanese, Korean (Multibyte)
11881 Encode::CN -- Continental China, Encode::JP -- Japan, Encode::KR -- Korea,
11882 Encode::TW -- Taiwan, Encode::HanExtra -- More Chinese via CPAN,
11883 Encode::JIS2K -- JIS X 0213 encodings via CPAN
11885 =item Miscellaneous encodings
11887 Encode::EBCDIC, Encode::Symbols, Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::Guess
11891 =item Unsupported encodings
11893 ISO-2022-JP-2 [RFC1554], ISO-2022-CN [RFC1922], Various HP-UX encodings,
11894 Cyrillic encoding ISO-IR-111, ISO-8859-8-1 [Hebrew], ISIRI 3342, Iran
11895 System, ISIRI 2900 [Farsi], Thai encoding TCVN, Vietnamese encodings VPS,
11896 Various Mac encodings, (Mac) Indic encodings
11898 =item Encoding vs. Charset -- terminology
11900 =item Encoding Classification (by Anton Tagunov and Dan Kogai)
11904 =item Microsoft-related naming mess
11906 KS_C_5601-1987, GB2312, Big5, Shift_JIS
11912 character repertoire, coded character set (CCS), character encoding scheme
11913 (CES), charset (in MIME context), EUC, ISO-2022, UCS, UCS-2, Unicode, UTF,
11920 ECMA, ECMA-035 (eq C<ISO-2022>), IANA, Assigned Charset Names by IANA, ISO,
11921 RFC, UC, Unicode Glossary
11925 =item Other Notable Sites
11927 czyborra.com, CJK.inf, Jungshik Shin's Hangul FAQ, debian.org:
11928 "Introduction to i18n"
11930 =item Offline sources
11932 C<CJKV Information Processing> by Ken Lunde
11938 =head2 Encode::lib::Encoder, Encode::Encoder -- Object Oriented Encoder
11944 use Encode::Encoder;
11945 # Encode::encode("ISO-8859-1", $data);
11946 Encode::Encoder->new($data)->iso_8859_1; # OOP way
11948 use Encode::Encoder qw(encoder);
11949 encoder($data)->iso_8859_1;
11950 # you can stack them!
11951 encoder($data)->iso_8859_1->base64; # provided base64() is defined
11952 # you can use it as a decoder as well
11953 encoder($base64)->bytes('base64')->latin1;
11955 print encoder($data)->utf8->latin1; # prints the string in latin1
11957 encoder("\x{abcd}\x{ef}g")->utf8 == 6; # true. bytes::length($data)
11965 =item Predefined Methods
11967 $e = Encode::Encoder-E<gt>new([$data, $encoding]);, encoder(),
11968 $e-E<gt>data([$data]), $e-E<gt>encoding([$encoding]),
11969 $e-E<gt>bytes([$encoding])
11971 =item Example: base64 transcoder
11973 =item Operator Overloading
11981 =head2 Encodencoding, encoding - allows you to write your script in
11982 non-ascii or non-utf8
11992 use encoding [I<ENCNAME>] ;, use encoding I<ENCNAME> [ STDIN =E<gt>
11993 I<ENCNAME_IN> ...] ;, no encoding;
12001 =item DO NOT MIX MULTIPLE ENCODINGS
12005 =item Non-ASCII Identifiers and Filter option
12007 use encoding I<ENCNAME> Filter=E<gt>1;
12009 =item EXAMPLE - Greekperl
12011 =item KNOWN PROBLEMS
12017 =head2 Encoder, Encode::Encoder -- Object Oriented Encoder
12023 use Encode::Encoder;
12024 # Encode::encode("ISO-8859-1", $data);
12025 Encode::Encoder->new($data)->iso_8859_1; # OOP way
12027 use Encode::Encoder qw(encoder);
12028 encoder($data)->iso_8859_1;
12029 # you can stack them!
12030 encoder($data)->iso_8859_1->base64; # provided base64() is defined
12031 # you can use it as a decoder as well
12032 encoder($base64)->bytes('base64')->latin1;
12034 print encoder($data)->utf8->latin1; # prints the string in latin1
12036 encoder("\x{abcd}\x{ef}g")->utf8 == 6; # true. bytes::length($data)
12044 =item Predefined Methods
12046 $e = Encode::Encoder-E<gt>new([$data, $encoding]);, encoder(),
12047 $e-E<gt>data([$data]), $e-E<gt>encoding([$encoding]),
12048 $e-E<gt>bytes([$encoding])
12050 =item Example: base64 transcoder
12052 =item Operator Overloading
12060 =head2 English - use nice English (or awk) names for ugly punctuation
12073 =head2 Env - perl module that imports environment variables as scalars or
12088 =head2 Errno - System errno constants
12104 =head2 Exporter - Implements default import method for modules
12114 =item How to Export
12116 =item Selecting What To Export
12118 =item How to Import
12120 C<use ModuleName;>, C<use ModuleName ();>, C<use ModuleName qw(...);>
12124 =item Advanced features
12128 =item Specialised Import Lists
12130 =item Exporting without using Exporter's import method
12132 =item Module Version Checking
12134 =item Managing Unknown Symbols
12136 =item Tag Handling Utility Functions
12138 =item Generating combined tags
12140 =item C<AUTOLOAD>ed Constants
12146 =head2 Exporter::Heavy - Exporter guts
12156 =head2 ExtUtils::Command - utilities to replace common UNIX commands in
12177 mv source... destination
12179 cp source... destination
12197 =head2 ExtUtils::Command::MM - Commands for the MM's to use in Makefiles
12209 =head2 ExtUtils::Constant - generate XS code to import C header constants
12219 IV, UV, NV, PV, PVN, SV, YES, NO, UNDEF
12227 perl_stringify NAME
12231 memEQ_clause NAME, CHECKED_AT, INDENT
12233 assign INDENT, TYPE, PRE, POST, VALUE..
12237 switch_clause INDENT, NAMELEN, ITEMHASH, ITEM..
12245 C_constant, name, type, value, macro, default, pre, post, def_pre =item
12248 XS_constant PACKAGE, TYPES, SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME
12250 autoload PACKAGE, VERSION, AUTOLOADER
12252 WriteMakefileSnippet
12254 WriteConstants ATTRIBUTE =E<gt> VALUE [, ...], NAME, DEFAULT_TYPE,
12255 BREAKOUT_AT, NAMES, C_FILE, XS_FILE, SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME
12263 =head2 ExtUtils::Embed - Utilities for embedding Perl in C/C++ applications
12275 xsinit(), Examples, ldopts(), Examples, perl_inc(), ccflags(), ccdlflags(),
12276 ccopts(), xsi_header(), xsi_protos(@modules), xsi_body(@modules)
12286 =head2 ExtUtils::Install - install files from here to there
12296 =head2 ExtUtils::Installed - Inventory management of installed modules
12308 new(), modules(), files(), directories(), directory_tree(), validate(),
12309 packlist(), version()
12317 =head2 ExtUtils::Liblist - determine libraries to use and how to use them
12325 For static extensions, For dynamic extensions at build/link time, For
12326 dynamic extensions at load time
12332 =item LDLOADLIBS and LD_RUN_PATH
12342 =item VMS implementation
12344 =item Win32 implementation
12352 =head2 ExtUtils::MM - OS adjusted ExtUtils::MakeMaker subclass
12362 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Any - Platform agnostic MM methods
12370 =item Inherently Cross-Platform Methods
12374 =item File::Spec wrappers B<DEPRECATED>
12388 file_name_is_absolute
12398 =item Thought To Be Cross-Platform Methods
12412 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_BeOS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
12413 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
12425 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
12426 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
12434 canonpath, cflags, manifypods, perl_archive
12438 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_DOS - DOS specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix
12448 =item Overridden methods
12450 B<replace_manpage_separator>
12464 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_MacOS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
12465 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
12507 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_NW5 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
12508 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
12524 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_OS2 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
12525 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
12539 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_UWIN - U/WIN specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix
12549 =item Overridden methods
12551 B<replace_manpage_separator>
12565 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Unix - methods used by ExtUtils::MakeMaker
12579 =item SelfLoaded methods
12631 =item Methods to actually produce chunks of text for the Makefile
12679 maybe_command_in_dirs
12703 post_initialize (o)
12717 replace_manpage_separator
12731 test_via_harness (override)
12733 test_via_script (override)
12763 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_VMS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
12764 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
12774 =item Methods always loaded
12786 guess_name (override)
12790 find_perl (override)
12792 maybe_command (override)
12794 maybe_command_in_dirs (override)
12796 perl_script (override)
12798 replace_manpage_separator
12800 init_main (override)
12802 init_others (override)
12804 constants (override)
12808 const_cccmd (override)
12810 pm_to_blib (override)
12812 tool_autosplit (override)
12814 tool_sxubpp (override)
12816 xsubpp_version (override)
12818 tools_other (override)
12828 top_targets (override)
12832 dynamic_lib (override)
12834 dynamic_bs (override)
12836 static_lib (override)
12838 manifypods (override)
12840 processPL (override)
12842 installbin (override)
12844 subdir_x (override)
12848 realclean (override)
12850 dist_core (override)
12852 dist_test (override)
12856 perldepend (override)
12858 makefile (override)
12860 find_tests (override)
12864 makeaperl (override)
12866 nicetext (override)
12868 prefixify (override)
12870 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Win32 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
12871 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
12893 tool_autosplit (override)
12909 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Win95 - method to customize MakeMaker for Win9X
12919 =head2 ExtUtils::MY - ExtUtils::MakeMaker subclass for customization
12929 =head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker - create an extension Makefile
12939 =item How To Write A Makefile.PL
12941 =item Default Makefile Behaviour
12949 =item PREFIX and LIB attribute
12953 =item Static Linking of a new Perl Binary
12955 =item Determination of Perl Library and Installation Locations
12957 =item Which architecture dependent directory?
12959 =item Using Attributes and Parameters
12961 ABSTRACT, ABSTRACT_FROM, AUTHOR, BINARY_LOCATION, C, CCFLAGS, CONFIG,
12962 CONFIGURE, DEFINE, DIR, DISTNAME, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, EXCLUDE_EXT,
12963 EXE_FILES, FIRST_MAKEFILE, FULLPERL, FULLPERLRUN, FULLPERLRUNINST,
12964 FUNCLIST, H, IMPORTS, INC, INCLUDE_EXT, INSTALLARCHLIB, INSTALLBIN,
12965 INSTALLDIRS, INSTALLMAN1DIR, INSTALLMAN3DIR, INSTALLPRIVLIB, INSTALLSCRIPT,
12966 INSTALLSITEARCH, INSTALLSITEBIN, INSTALLSITELIB, INSTALLSITEMAN1DIR,
12967 INSTALLSITEMAN3DIR, INSTALLVENDORARCH, INSTALLVENDORBIN, INSTALLVENDORLIB,
12968 INSTALLVENDORMAN1DIR, INSTALLVENDORMAN3DIR, INST_ARCHLIB, INST_BIN,
12969 INST_LIB, INST_MAN1DIR, INST_MAN3DIR, INST_SCRIPT, LDFROM, LIB, LIBPERL_A,
12970 LIBS, LINKTYPE, MAKEAPERL, MAKEFILE, MAN1PODS, MAN3PODS, MAP_TARGET,
12971 MYEXTLIB, NAME, NEEDS_LINKING, NOECHO, NORECURS, NO_VC, OBJECT, OPTIMIZE,
12972 PERL, PERL_CORE, PERLMAINCC, PERL_ARCHLIB, PERL_LIB, PERL_MALLOC_OK,
12973 PERLRUN, PERLRUNINST, PERL_SRC, PERM_RW, PERM_RWX, PL_FILES, PM, PMLIBDIRS,
12974 PM_FILTER, POLLUTE, PPM_INSTALL_EXEC, PPM_INSTALL_SCRIPT, PREFIX,
12975 PREREQ_PM, PREREQ_FATAL, PREREQ_PRINT, PRINT_PREREQ, SITEPREFIX, SKIP,
12976 TYPEMAPS, VENDORPREFIX, VERBINST, VERSION, VERSION_FROM, XS, XSOPT,
12977 XSPROTOARG, XS_VERSION
12979 =item Additional lowercase attributes
12981 clean, depend, dist, dynamic_lib, linkext, macro, realclean, test,
12984 =item Overriding MakeMaker Methods
12986 =item Hintsfile support
12988 =item Distribution Support
12990 make distcheck, make skipcheck, make distclean, make manifest,
12991 make distdir, make disttest, make tardist, make dist, make
12992 uutardist, make shdist, make zipdist, make ci
12994 =item Disabling an extension
13000 PERL_MM_OPT, PERL_MM_USE_DEFAULT
13008 =head2 ExtUtils::Manifest - utilities to write and check a MANIFEST file
13016 =item MANIFEST.SKIP
13020 =item GLOBAL VARIABLES
13024 C<Not in MANIFEST:> I<file>, C<Skipping> I<file>, C<No such file:> I<file>,
13025 C<MANIFEST:> I<$!>, C<Added to MANIFEST:> I<file>
13029 B<PERL_MM_MANIFEST_DEBUG>
13037 =head2 ExtUtils::Miniperl, writemain - write the C code for perlmain.c
13049 =head2 ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap - make a bootstrap file for use by DynaLoader
13059 =head2 ExtUtils::Mksymlists - write linker options files for dynamic
13068 DLBASE, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, FILE, FUNCLIST, IMPORTS, NAME
13076 =head2 ExtUtils::Packlist - manage .packlist files
13088 new(), read(), write(), validate(), packlist_file()
13096 =head2 ExtUtils::testlib - add blib/* directories to @INC
13106 =head2 Fatal - replace functions with equivalents which succeed or die
13118 =head2 Fcntl - load the C Fcntl.h defines
13128 =item EXPORTED SYMBOLS
13132 =head2 File::Basename, fileparse - split a pathname into pieces
13140 fileparse_set_fstype, fileparse
13144 C<basename>, C<dirname>
13148 =head2 File::CheckTree, validate - run many filetest checks on a tree
13162 =head2 File::Compare - Compare files or filehandles
13176 =head2 File::Copy - Copy files or filehandles
13186 =item Special behaviour if C<syscopy> is defined (OS/2, VMS and Win32)
13188 rmscopy($from,$to[,$date_flag])
13200 =head2 File::DosGlob - DOS like globbing and then some
13210 =item EXPORTS (by request only)
13222 =head2 File::Find - Traverse a directory tree.
13230 B<find>, B<finddepth>
13236 C<wanted>, C<bydepth>, C<preprocess>, C<postprocess>, C<follow>,
13237 C<follow_fast>, C<follow_skip>, C<dangling_symlinks>, C<no_chdir>,
13238 C<untaint>, C<untaint_pattern>, C<untaint_skip>
13240 =item The wanted function
13242 C<$File::Find::dir> is the current directory name,, C<$_> is the current
13243 filename within that directory, C<$File::Find::name> is the complete
13244 pathname to the file
13252 $dont_use_nlink, symlinks
13260 =head2 File::Glob - Perl extension for BSD glob routine
13268 C<GLOB_ERR>, C<GLOB_LIMIT>, C<GLOB_MARK>, C<GLOB_NOCASE>, C<GLOB_NOCHECK>,
13269 C<GLOB_NOSORT>, C<GLOB_BRACE>, C<GLOB_NOMAGIC>, C<GLOB_QUOTE>,
13270 C<GLOB_TILDE>, C<GLOB_CSH>, C<GLOB_ALPHASORT>
13274 C<GLOB_NOSPACE>, C<GLOB_ABEND>
13282 =head2 File::Path - create or remove directory trees
13294 =head2 File::Spec - portably perform operations on file names
13304 canonpath, catdir, catfile, curdir, devnull, rootdir, tmpdir, updir,
13305 no_upwards, case_tolerant, file_name_is_absolute, path, join, splitpath,
13306 splitdir, catpath(), abs2rel, rel2abs()
13314 =head2 File::Spec::Cygwin - methods for Cygwin file specs
13324 =head2 File::Spec::Epoc - methods for Epoc file specs
13342 =head2 File::Spec::Functions - portably perform operations on file names
13360 =head2 File::Spec::Mac - File::Spec for Mac OS (Classic)
13388 file_name_is_absolute
13410 =head2 File::Spec::NW5 - methods for NW5 file specs
13448 =head2 File::Spec::OS2 - methods for OS/2 file specs
13458 =head2 File::Spec::Unix - File::Spec for Unix, base for other File::Spec
13491 file_name_is_absolute
13513 =head2 File::Spec::VMS - methods for VMS file specs
13529 =item Methods always loaded
13531 canonpath (override)
13549 case_tolerant (override)
13553 file_name_is_absolute (override)
13555 splitpath (override)
13557 splitdir (override)
13571 =head2 File::Spec::Win32 - methods for Win32 file specs
13601 =head2 File::Temp - return name and handle of a temporary file safely
13625 =item MKTEMP FUNCTIONS
13639 =item POSIX FUNCTIONS
13649 =item ADDITIONAL FUNCTIONS
13657 =item UTILITY FUNCTIONS
13665 =item PACKAGE VARIABLES
13667 B<safe_level>, STANDARD, MEDIUM, HIGH
13679 =item Temporary files and NFS
13691 =head2 File::stat - by-name interface to Perl's built-in stat() functions
13705 =head2 FileCache - keep more files open than the system permits
13713 cacheout EXPR, cacheout MODE, EXPR
13721 =head2 FileHandle - supply object methods for filehandles
13729 $fh->print, $fh->printf, $fh->getline, $fh->getlines
13735 =head2 Filter::Simple - Simplified source filtering
13749 =item Disabling or changing <no> behaviour
13751 =item All-in-one interface
13753 =item Filtering only specific components of source code
13755 C<"code">, C<"executable">, C<"quotelike">, C<"string">, C<"regex">,
13758 =item Filtering only the code parts of source code
13760 Most source code ceases to be grammatically correct when it is broken up
13761 into the pieces between string literals and regexes. So the C<'code'>
13762 component filter behaves slightly differently from the other partial
13764 described in the previous section.
13766 =item Using Filter::Simple with an explicit C<import> subroutine
13768 =item Using Filter::Simple and Exporter together
13780 =head2 Filter::Util::Call - Perl Source Filter Utility Module
13790 =item B<use Filter::Util::Call>
13794 =item B<filter() and anonymous sub>
13796 B<$_>, B<$status>, B<filter_read> and B<filter_read_exact>, B<filter_del>
13804 =item Example 1: A simple filter.
13806 =item Example 2: Using the context
13808 =item Example 3: Using the context within the filter
13810 =item Example 4: Using filter_del
13814 =item Filter::Simple
13822 =head2 FindBin - Locate directory of original perl script
13830 =item EXPORTABLE VARIABLES
13842 =head2 GDBM_File - Perl5 access to the gdbm library.
13858 =head2 Getopt::Long - Extended processing of command line options
13866 =item Command Line Options, an Introduction
13868 =item Getting Started with Getopt::Long
13872 =item Simple options
13874 =item A little bit less simple options
13876 =item Mixing command line option with other arguments
13878 =item Options with values
13880 =item Options with multiple values
13882 =item Options with hash values
13884 =item User-defined subroutines to handle options
13886 =item Options with multiple names
13888 =item Case and abbreviations
13890 =item Summary of Option Specifications
13892 !, +, s, i, o, f, : I<type> [ I<desttype> ], : I<number> [ I<desttype> ], :
13897 =item Advanced Possibilities
13901 =item Object oriented interface
13903 =item Documentation and help texts
13905 =item Storing options in a hash
13909 =item The lonesome dash
13911 =item Argument callback
13915 =item Configuring Getopt::Long
13917 default, posix_default, auto_abbrev, getopt_compat, gnu_compat, gnu_getopt,
13918 require_order, permute, bundling (default: disabled), bundling_override
13919 (default: disabled), ignore_case (default: enabled), ignore_case_always
13920 (default: disabled), pass_through (default: disabled), prefix,
13921 prefix_pattern, debug (default: disabled)
13923 =item Return values and Errors
13929 =item Default destinations
13931 =item Alternative option starters
13933 =item Configuration variables
13937 =item Trouble Shooting
13941 =item Warning: Ignoring '!' modifier for short option
13943 =item GetOptions does not return a false result when an option is not
13946 =item GetOptions does not split the command line correctly
13948 =item How do I put a "-?" option into a Getopt::Long?
13954 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER
13958 =head2 Getopt::Std, getopt - Process single-character switches with switch
13969 =head2 Hash::Util - A selection of general-utility hash subroutines
13979 =item Restricted hashes
13981 lock_keys, unlock_keys
13987 lock_value, unlock_value
13989 B<lock_hash>, B<unlock_hash>
13999 =head2 I18N::Collate - compare 8-bit scalar data according to the current
14010 =head2 I18N::LangTags - functions for dealing with RFC3066-style language
14021 the function is_language_tag($lang1)
14023 the function extract_language_tags($whatever)
14025 the function same_language_tag($lang1, $lang2)
14027 the function similarity_language_tag($lang1, $lang2)
14029 the function is_dialect_of($lang1, $lang2)
14031 the function super_languages($lang1)
14033 the function locale2language_tag($locale_identifier)
14035 the function encode_language_tag($lang1)
14037 the function alternate_language_tags($lang1)
14039 the function @langs = panic_languages(@accept_languages)
14043 =item ABOUT LOWERCASING
14045 =item ABOUT UNICODE PLAINTEXT LANGUAGE TAGS
14055 =head2 I18N::LangTags::List -- tags and names for human languages
14063 =item ABOUT LANGUAGE TAGS
14065 =item LIST OF LANGUAGES
14067 {ab} : Abkhazian, {ace} : Achinese, {ach} : Acoli, {ada} : Adangme, {aa} :
14068 Afar, {afh} : Afrihili, {af} : Afrikaans, [{afa} : Afro-Asiatic (Other)],
14069 {aka} : Akan, {akk} : Akkadian, {sq} : Albanian, {ale} : Aleut, [{alg} :
14070 Algonquian languages], [{tut} : Altaic (Other)], {am} : Amharic, {i-ami} :
14071 Ami, [{apa} : Apache languages], {ar} : Arabic, {arc} : Aramaic, {arp} :
14072 Arapaho, {arn} : Araucanian, {arw} : Arawak, {hy} : Armenian, [{art} :
14073 Artificial (Other)], {as} : Assamese, [{ath} : Athapascan languages],
14074 [{aus} : Australian languages], [{map} : Austronesian (Other)], {ava} :
14075 Avaric, {ae} : Avestan, {awa} : Awadhi, {ay} : Aymara, {az} : Azerbaijani,
14076 {ban} : Balinese, [{bat} : Baltic (Other)], {bal} : Baluchi, {bam} :
14077 Bambara, [{bai} : Bamileke languages], {bad} : Banda, [{bnt} : Bantu
14078 (Other)], {bas} : Basa, {ba} : Bashkir, {eu} : Basque, {btk} : Batak
14079 (Indonesia), {bej} : Beja, {be} : Belarusian, {bem} : Bemba, {bn} :
14080 Bengali, [{ber} : Berber (Other)], {bho} : Bhojpuri, {bh} : Bihari, {bik} :
14081 Bikol, {bin} : Bini, {bi} : Bislama, {bs} : Bosnian, {bra} : Braj, {br} :
14082 Breton, {bug} : Buginese, {bg} : Bulgarian, {i-bnn} : Bunun, {bua} :
14083 Buriat, {my} : Burmese, {cad} : Caddo, {car} : Carib, {ca} : Catalan,
14084 [{cau} : Caucasian (Other)], {ceb} : Cebuano, [{cel} : Celtic (Other)],
14085 [{cai} : Central American Indian (Other)], {chg} : Chagatai, [{cmc} :
14086 Chamic languages], {ch} : Chamorro, {ce} : Chechen, {chr} : Cherokee, {chy}
14087 : Cheyenne, {chb} : Chibcha, {ny} : Chichewa, {zh} : Chinese, {chn} :
14088 Chinook Jargon, {chp} : Chipewyan, {cho} : Choctaw, {cu} : Church Slavic,
14089 {chk} : Chuukese, {cv} : Chuvash, {cop} : Coptic, {kw} : Cornish, {co} :
14090 Corsican, {cre} : Cree, {mus} : Creek, [{cpe} : English-based Creoles and
14091 pidgins (Other)], [{cpf} : French-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)],
14092 [{cpp} : Portuguese-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{crp} : Creoles
14093 and pidgins (Other)], {hr} : Croatian, [{cus} : Cushitic (Other)], {cs} :
14094 Czech, {dak} : Dakota, {da} : Danish, {day} : Dayak, {i-default} : Default
14095 (Fallthru) Language, {del} : Delaware, {din} : Dinka, {div} : Divehi, {doi}
14096 : Dogri, {dgr} : Dogrib, [{dra} : Dravidian (Other)], {dua} : Duala, {nl} :
14097 Dutch, {dum} : Middle Dutch (ca.1050-1350), {dyu} : Dyula, {dz} : Dzongkha,
14098 {efi} : Efik, {egy} : Ancient Egyptian, {eka} : Ekajuk, {elx} : Elamite,
14099 {en} : English, {enm} : Old English (1100-1500), {ang} : Old English
14100 (ca.450-1100), {eo} : Esperanto, {et} : Estonian, {ewe} : Ewe, {ewo} :
14101 Ewondo, {fan} : Fang, {fat} : Fanti, {fo} : Faroese, {fj} : Fijian, {fi} :
14102 Finnish, [{fiu} : Finno-Ugrian (Other)], {fon} : Fon, {fr} : French, {frm}
14103 : Middle French (ca.1400-1600), {fro} : Old French (842-ca.1400), {fy} :
14104 Frisian, {fur} : Friulian, {ful} : Fulah, {gaa} : Ga, {gd} : Scots Gaelic,
14105 {gl} : Gallegan, {lug} : Ganda, {gay} : Gayo, {gba} : Gbaya, {gez} : Geez,
14106 {ka} : Georgian, {de} : German, {gmh} : Middle High German (ca.1050-1500),
14107 {goh} : Old High German (ca.750-1050), [{gem} : Germanic (Other)], {gil} :
14108 Gilbertese, {gon} : Gondi, {gor} : Gorontalo, {got} : Gothic, {grb} :
14109 Grebo, {grc} : Ancient Greek, {el} : Modern Greek, {gn} : Guarani, {gu} :
14110 Gujarati, {gwi} : Gwich'in, {hai} : Haida, {ha} : Hausa, {haw} : Hawaiian,
14111 {he} : Hebrew, {hz} : Herero, {hil} : Hiligaynon, {him} : Himachali, {hi} :
14112 Hindi, {ho} : Hiri Motu, {hit} : Hittite, {hmn} : Hmong, {hu} : Hungarian,
14113 {hup} : Hupa, {iba} : Iban, {is} : Icelandic, {ibo} : Igbo, {ijo} : Ijo,
14114 {ilo} : Iloko, [{inc} : Indic (Other)], [{ine} : Indo-European (Other)],
14115 {id} : Indonesian, {ia} : Interlingua (International Auxiliary Language
14116 Association), {ie} : Interlingue, {iu} : Inuktitut, {ik} : Inupiaq, [{ira}
14117 : Iranian (Other)], {ga} : Irish, {mga} : Middle Irish (900-1200), {sga} :
14118 Old Irish (to 900), [{iro} : Iroquoian languages], {it} : Italian, {ja} :
14119 Japanese, {jw} : Javanese, {jrb} : Judeo-Arabic, {jpr} : Judeo-Persian,
14120 {kab} : Kabyle, {kac} : Kachin, {kl} : Kalaallisut, {kam} : Kamba, {kn} :
14121 Kannada, {kau} : Kanuri, {kaa} : Kara-Kalpak, {kar} : Karen, {ks} :
14122 Kashmiri, {kaw} : Kawi, {kk} : Kazakh, {kha} : Khasi, {km} : Khmer, [{khi}
14123 : Khoisan (Other)], {kho} : Khotanese, {ki} : Kikuyu, {kmb} : Kimbundu,
14124 {rw} : Kinyarwanda, {ky} : Kirghiz, {i-klingon} : Klingon, {kv} : Komi,
14125 {kon} : Kongo, {kok} : Konkani, {ko} : Korean, {kos} : Kosraean, {kpe} :
14126 Kpelle, {kro} : Kru, {kj} : Kuanyama, {kum} : Kumyk, {ku} : Kurdish, {kru}
14127 : Kurukh, {kut} : Kutenai, {lad} : Ladino, {lah} : Lahnda, {lam} : Lamba,
14128 {lo} : Lao, {la} : Latin, {lv} : Latvian, {lb} : Letzeburgesch, {lez} :
14129 Lezghian, {ln} : Lingala, {lt} : Lithuanian, {nds} : Low German, {loz} :
14130 Lozi, {lub} : Luba-Katanga, {lua} : Luba-Lulua, {lui} : Luiseno, {lun} :
14131 Lunda, {luo} : Luo (Kenya and Tanzania), {lus} : Lushai, {mk} : Macedonian,
14132 {mad} : Madurese, {mag} : Magahi, {mai} : Maithili, {mak} : Makasar, {mg} :
14133 Malagasy, {ms} : Malay, {ml} : Malayalam, {mt} : Maltese, {mnc} : Manchu,
14134 {mdr} : Mandar, {man} : Mandingo, {mni} : Manipuri, [{mno} : Manobo
14135 languages], {gv} : Manx, {mi} : Maori, {mr} : Marathi, {chm} : Mari, {mh} :
14136 Marshall, {mwr} : Marwari, {mas} : Masai, [{myn} : Mayan languages], {men}
14137 : Mende, {mic} : Micmac, {min} : Minangkabau, {i-mingo} : Mingo, [{mis} :
14138 Miscellaneous languages], {moh} : Mohawk, {mo} : Moldavian, [{mkh} :
14139 Mon-Khmer (Other)], {lol} : Mongo, {mn} : Mongolian, {mos} : Mossi, [{mul}
14140 : Multiple languages], [{mun} : Munda languages], {nah} : Nahuatl, {na} :
14141 Nauru, {nv} : Navajo, {nd} : North Ndebele, {nr} : South Ndebele, {ng} :
14142 Ndonga, {ne} : Nepali, {new} : Newari, {nia} : Nias, [{nic} :
14143 Niger-Kordofanian (Other)], [{ssa} : Nilo-Saharan (Other)], {niu} : Niuean,
14144 {non} : Old Norse, [{nai} : North American Indian], {se} : Northern Sami,
14145 {no} : Norwegian, {nb} : Norwegian Bokmal, {nn} : Norwegian Nynorsk, [{nub}
14146 : Nubian languages], {nym} : Nyamwezi, {nyn} : Nyankole, {nyo} : Nyoro,
14147 {nzi} : Nzima, {oc} : Occitan (post 1500), {oji} : Ojibwa, {or} : Oriya,
14148 {om} : Oromo, {osa} : Osage, {os} : Ossetian; Ossetic, [{oto} : Otomian
14149 languages], {pal} : Pahlavi, {i-pwn} : Paiwan, {pau} : Palauan, {pi} :
14150 Pali, {pam} : Pampanga, {pag} : Pangasinan, {pa} : Panjabi, {pap} :
14151 Papiamento, [{paa} : Papuan (Other)], {fa} : Persian, {peo} : Old Persian
14152 (ca.600-400 B.C.), [{phi} : Philippine (Other)], {phn} : Phoenician, {pon}
14153 : Pohnpeian, {pl} : Polish, {pt} : Portuguese, [{pra} : Prakrit languages],
14154 {pro} : Old Provencal (to 1500), {ps} : Pushto, {qu} : Quechua, {rm} :
14155 Raeto-Romance, {raj} : Rajasthani, {rap} : Rapanui, {rar} : Rarotongan,
14156 [{qaa - qtz} : Reserved for local use.], [{roa} : Romance (Other)], {ro} :
14157 Romanian, {rom} : Romany, {rn} : Rundi, {ru} : Russian, [{sal} : Salishan
14158 languages], {sam} : Samaritan Aramaic, [{smi} : Sami languages (Other)],
14159 {sm} : Samoan, {sad} : Sandawe, {sg} : Sango, {sa} : Sanskrit, {sat} :
14160 Santali, {sc} : Sardinian, {sas} : Sasak, {sco} : Scots, {sel} : Selkup,
14161 [{sem} : Semitic (Other)], {sr} : Serbian, {srr} : Serer, {shn} : Shan,
14162 {sn} : Shona, {sid} : Sidamo, {sgn-...} : Sign Languages, {bla} : Siksika,
14163 {sd} : Sindhi, {si} : Sinhalese, [{sit} : Sino-Tibetan (Other)], [{sio} :
14164 Siouan languages], {den} : Slave (Athapascan), [{sla} : Slavic (Other)],
14165 {sk} : Slovak, {sl} : Slovenian, {sog} : Sogdian, {so} : Somali, {son} :
14166 Songhai, {snk} : Soninke, {wen} : Sorbian languages, {nso} : Northern
14167 Sotho, {st} : Southern Sotho, [{sai} : South American Indian (Other)], {es}
14168 : Spanish, {suk} : Sukuma, {sux} : Sumerian, {su} : Sundanese, {sus} :
14169 Susu, {sw} : Swahili, {ss} : Swati, {sv} : Swedish, {syr} : Syriac, {tl} :
14170 Tagalog, {ty} : Tahitian, [{tai} : Tai (Other)], {tg} : Tajik, {tmh} :
14171 Tamashek, {ta} : Tamil, {i-tao} : Tao, {tt} : Tatar, {i-tay} : Tayal, {te}
14172 : Telugu, {ter} : Tereno, {tet} : Tetum, {th} : Thai, {bo} : Tibetan, {tig}
14173 : Tigre, {ti} : Tigrinya, {tem} : Timne, {tiv} : Tiv, {tli} : Tlingit,
14174 {tpi} : Tok Pisin, {tkl} : Tokelau, {tog} : Tonga (Nyasa), {to} : Tonga
14175 (Tonga Islands), {tsi} : Tsimshian, {ts} : Tsonga, {i-tsu} : Tsou, {tn} :
14176 Tswana, {tum} : Tumbuka, {tr} : Turkish, {ota} : Ottoman Turkish
14177 (1500-1928), {tk} : Turkmen, {tvl} : Tuvalu, {tyv} : Tuvinian, {tw} : Twi,
14178 {uga} : Ugaritic, {ug} : Uighur, {uk} : Ukrainian, {umb} : Umbundu, {und} :
14179 Undetermined, {ur} : Urdu, {uz} : Uzbek, {vai} : Vai, {ven} : Venda, {vi} :
14180 Vietnamese, {vo} : Volapuk, {vot} : Votic, [{wak} : Wakashan languages],
14181 {wal} : Walamo, {war} : Waray, {was} : Washo, {cy} : Welsh, {wo} : Wolof,
14182 {x-...} : Unregistered (Semi-Private Use), {xh} : Xhosa, {sah} : Yakut,
14183 {yao} : Yao, {yap} : Yapese, {yi} : Yiddish, {yo} : Yoruba, [{ypk} : Yupik
14184 languages], {znd} : Zande, [{zap} : Zapotec], {zen} : Zenaga, {za} :
14185 Zhuang, {zu} : Zulu, {zun} : Zuni
14189 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER
14195 =head2 I18N::Langinfo - query locale information
14213 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
14217 =head2 IO - load various IO modules
14227 =head2 IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory handles
14235 new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (),
14236 rewind (), close (), tie %hash, IO::Dir, DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ]
14246 =head2 IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles
14256 new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile
14260 open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] )
14268 =head2 IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O handles
14278 new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE )
14282 $io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines,
14283 $io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ), $io->error,
14284 $io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush ( ARGS ),
14285 $io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint
14297 =head2 IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes
14307 new ( [READER, WRITER] )
14311 reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles ()
14321 =head2 IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call
14331 mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ), remove (
14332 IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] )
14342 =head2 IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for I/O objects
14350 $io->getpos, $io->setpos, $io->seek ( POS, WHENCE ), WHENCE=0 (SEEK_SET),
14351 WHENCE=1 (SEEK_CUR), WHENCE=2 (SEEK_END), $io->sysseek( POS, WHENCE ),
14360 =head2 IO::Select - OO interface to the select system call
14370 new ( [ HANDLES ] )
14374 add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read (
14375 [ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ),
14376 count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, ERROR [, TIMEOUT ] )
14386 =head2 IO::Socket - Object interface to socket communications
14400 accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), atmark, connected,
14401 protocol, sockdomain, sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), socktype, timeout([VAL])
14411 =head2 IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for AF_INET domain sockets
14427 sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost
14440 =head2 IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for AF_UNIX domain sockets
14454 hostpath(), peerpath()
14464 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Dir, IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory
14473 new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (),
14474 rewind (), close (), tie %hash, IO::Dir, DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ]
14484 =head2 IO::lib::IO::File, IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles
14494 new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile
14498 open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] )
14506 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Handle, IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O
14517 new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE )
14521 $io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines,
14522 $io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ), $io->error,
14523 $io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush ( ARGS ),
14524 $io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint
14536 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Pipe, IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes
14546 new ( [READER, WRITER] )
14550 reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles ()
14560 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Poll, IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call
14570 mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ), remove (
14571 IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] )
14581 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Seekable, IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for
14590 $io->getpos, $io->setpos, $io->seek ( POS, WHENCE ), WHENCE=0 (SEEK_SET),
14591 WHENCE=1 (SEEK_CUR), WHENCE=2 (SEEK_END), $io->sysseek( POS, WHENCE ),
14600 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Select, IO::Select - OO interface to the select system
14611 new ( [ HANDLES ] )
14615 add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read (
14616 [ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ),
14617 count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, ERROR [, TIMEOUT ] )
14627 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket, IO::Socket - Object interface to socket
14642 accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), atmark, connected,
14643 protocol, sockdomain, sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), socktype, timeout([VAL])
14653 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket::INET, IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for
14654 AF_INET domain sockets
14670 sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost
14683 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket::UNIX, IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for
14684 AF_UNIX domain sockets
14698 hostpath(), peerpath()
14708 =head2 IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class
14718 new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set
14719 ( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [,
14730 =head2 IPC::Open2, open2 - open a process for both reading and writing
14744 =head2 IPC::Open3, open3 - open a process for reading, writing, and error
14757 =head2 IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object class
14767 new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ),
14768 getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ),
14769 set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N
14780 =head2 IPC::SysV - SysV IPC constants
14798 =head2 IPC::SysV::Msg, IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class
14808 new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set
14809 ( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [,
14820 =head2 IPC::SysV::Semaphore, IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object
14831 new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ),
14832 getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ),
14833 set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N
14844 =head2 List::Util - A selection of general-utility list subroutines
14852 first BLOCK LIST, max LIST, maxstr LIST, min LIST, minstr LIST, reduce
14853 BLOCK LIST, shuffle LIST, sum LIST
14857 =item SUGGESTED ADDITIONS
14863 =head2 List::Utilib::List::Util, List::Util - A selection of
14864 general-utility list subroutines
14872 first BLOCK LIST, max LIST, maxstr LIST, min LIST, minstr LIST, reduce
14873 BLOCK LIST, shuffle LIST, sum LIST
14877 =item SUGGESTED ADDITIONS
14883 =head2 List::Utilib::Scalar::Util, Scalar::Util - A selection of
14884 general-utility scalar subroutines
14892 blessed EXPR, dualvar NUM, STRING, isweak EXPR, openhandle FH, reftype
14893 EXPR, tainted EXPR, weaken REF
14903 =head2 Locale::Constants - constants for Locale codes
14911 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
14915 Locale::Language, Locale::Country, Locale::Script, Locale::Currency
14923 =head2 Locale::Country - ISO codes for country identification (ISO 3166)
14931 B<alpha-2>, B<alpha-3>, B<numeric>
14933 =item CONVERSION ROUTINES
14935 code2country( CODE, [ CODESET ] ), country2code( STRING, [ CODESET ] ),
14936 country_code2code( CODE, CODESET, CODESET )
14938 =item QUERY ROUTINES
14940 C<all_country_codes( [ CODESET ] )>, C<all_country_names( [ CODESET ] )>
14942 =item SEMI-PRIVATE ROUTINES
14948 =item rename_country
14956 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
14960 Locale::Language, Locale::Script, Locale::Currency, Locale::SubCountry, ISO
14961 3166-1, http://www.iso.org/iso/en/prods-services/iso3166ma/index.html,
14962 http://www.egt.ie/standards/iso3166/iso3166-1-en.html,
14963 http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/docs/app-f.html
14971 =head2 Locale::Currency - ISO three letter codes for currency
14972 identification (ISO 4217)
14982 =item CONVERSION ROUTINES
14984 code2currency(), currency2code()
14986 =item QUERY ROUTINES
14988 C<all_currency_codes()>, C<all_currency_names()>
14992 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
14996 Locale::Country, Locale::Script, ISO 4217:1995,
14997 http://www.bsi-global.com/iso4217currency
15005 =head2 Locale::Language - ISO two letter codes for language identification
15014 =item CONVERSION ROUTINES
15016 code2language(), language2code()
15018 =item QUERY ROUTINES
15020 C<all_language_codes()>, C<all_language_names()>
15024 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
15028 Locale::Country, Locale::Script, Locale::Currency, ISO 639:1988 (E/F),
15029 http://lcweb.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/langhome.html
15037 =head2 Locale::Maketext -- framework for localization
15045 =item QUICK OVERVIEW
15051 =item Construction Methods
15053 =item The "maketext" Method
15055 $lh->fail_with I<or> $lh->fail_with(I<PARAM>), $lh->failure_handler_auto
15057 =item Utility Methods
15059 $language->quant($number, $singular), $language->quant($number, $singular,
15060 $plural), $language->quant($number, $singular, $plural, $negative),
15061 $language->numf($number), $language->sprintf($format, @items),
15062 $language->language_tag(), $language->encoding()
15064 =item Language Handle Attributes and Internals
15068 =item LANGUAGE CLASS HIERARCHIES
15070 =item ENTRIES IN EACH LEXICON
15072 =item BRACKET NOTATION
15074 =item AUTO LEXICONS
15076 =item CONTROLLING LOOKUP FAILURE
15078 =item HOW TO USE MAKETEXT
15082 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER
15088 =head2 Locale::Maketext::TPJ13 -- article about software localization
15096 =item Localization and Perl: gettext breaks, Maketext fixes
15100 =item A Localization Horror Story: It Could Happen To You
15102 =item The Linguistic View
15104 =item Breaking gettext
15106 =item Replacing gettext
15108 =item Buzzwords: Abstraction and Encapsulation
15110 =item Buzzword: Isomorphism
15112 =item Buzzword: Inheritance
15114 =item Buzzword: Concision
15116 =item The Devil in the Details
15118 =item The Proof in the Pudding: Localizing Web Sites
15126 =head2 Locale::Script - ISO codes for script identification (ISO 15924)
15134 B<alpha-2>, B<alpha-3>, B<numeric>
15138 =item SPECIAL CODES
15142 =item CONVERSION ROUTINES
15144 code2script( CODE, [ CODESET ] ), script2code( STRING, [ CODESET ] ),
15145 script_code2code( CODE, CODESET, CODESET )
15147 =item QUERY ROUTINES
15149 C<all_script_codes ( [ CODESET ] )>, C<all_script_names ( [ CODESET ] )>
15153 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
15157 Locale::Language, Locale::Currency, Locale::Country, ISO 15924,
15158 http://www.evertype.com/standards/iso15924/
15166 =head2 MIME::Base64 - Encoding and decoding of base64 strings
15174 encode_base64($str, [$eol]), decode_base64($str)
15178 Premature end of base64 data, Premature padding of base64 data
15186 =head2 MIME::Base64::QuotedPrint, MIME::QuotedPrint - Encoding and decoding
15187 of quoted-printable strings
15195 encode_qp($str), decode_qp($str);
15201 =head2 MIME::QuotedPrint - Encoding and decoding of quoted-printable
15210 encode_qp($str), decode_qp($str);
15216 =head2 Math::BigFloat - Arbitrary size floating point math package
15226 =item Canonical notation
15230 =item C<mantissa()>, C<exponent()> and C<parts()>
15232 =item Accuracy vs. Precision
15236 ffround ( +$scale ), ffround ( -$scale ), ffround ( 0 ), fround ( +$scale
15237 ), fround ( -$scale ) and fround ( 0 )
15245 =item Autocreating constants
15251 =item Using Math::BigInt::Lite
15259 stringify, bstr(), bdiv, Modifying and =, bpow
15267 =head2 Math::BigInt - Arbitrary size integer math package
15275 Canonical notation, Input, Output
15297 =item is_one()/is_zero()/is_nan()/is_inf()
15299 =item is_positive()/is_negative()
15301 $x->is_positive(); # true if >= 0
15302 $x->is_negative(); # true if < 0
15304 =item is_odd()/is_even()/is_int()
15390 =item ACCURACY and PRECISION
15400 =item Rounding mode R
15402 'trunc', 'even', 'odd', '+inf', '-inf', 'zero', Precision, Accuracy
15403 (significant digits), Setting/Accessing, Creating numbers, Usage,
15404 Precedence, Overriding globals, Local settings, Rounding, Default values,
15417 =item mantissa(), exponent() and parts()
15425 =item Autocreating constants
15431 =item Alternative math libraries
15437 =item Subclassing Math::BigInt
15445 bsqrt(), div(), blog()
15451 Out of Memory!, Fails to load Calc on Perl prior 5.6.0
15455 stringify, bstr(), bsstr() and 'cmp', int(), length, bdiv, infinity
15456 handling, Modifying and =, bpow, Overloading -$x, Mixing different object
15457 types, bsqrt(), brsft()
15467 =head2 Math::BigInt::Calc - Pure Perl module to support Math::BigInt
15477 =item WRAP YOUR OWN
15481 This program is free software; you may redistribute it and/or modify it
15483 the same terms as Perl itself.
15491 =head2 Math::BigRat - arbitrarily big rationals
15513 =item denominator()
15515 $d = $x->denominator();
15525 =item bround()/round()/bfround()
15539 =head2 Math::Complex - complex numbers and associated mathematical
15552 =item STRINGIFICATION
15556 =item CHANGED IN PERL 5.6
15562 =item ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO OR LOGARITHM OF ZERO
15564 =item ERRORS DUE TO INDIGESTIBLE ARGUMENTS
15572 =head2 Math::Trig - trigonometric functions
15580 =item TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS
15586 =item ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO
15588 =item SIMPLE (REAL) ARGUMENTS, COMPLEX RESULTS
15592 =item PLANE ANGLE CONVERSIONS
15594 =item RADIAL COORDINATE CONVERSIONS
15598 =item COORDINATE SYSTEMS
15600 =item 3-D ANGLE CONVERSIONS
15602 cartesian_to_cylindrical, cartesian_to_spherical, cylindrical_to_cartesian,
15603 cylindrical_to_spherical, spherical_to_cartesian, spherical_to_cylindrical
15607 =item GREAT CIRCLE DISTANCES AND DIRECTIONS
15613 =item CAVEAT FOR GREAT CIRCLE FORMULAS
15623 =head2 Memoize - Make functions faster by trading space for time
15641 =item C<SCALAR_CACHE>, C<LIST_CACHE>
15643 C<MEMORY>, C<HASH>, C<TIE>, C<FAULT>, C<MERGE>
15647 =item OTHER FACILITIES
15653 =item C<flush_cache>
15659 =item PERSISTENT CACHE SUPPORT
15661 =item EXPIRATION SUPPORT
15669 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
15675 =head2 Memoize::AnyDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for AnyDBM_File for
15684 =head2 Memoize::Expire - Plug-in module for automatic expiration of
15695 TIEHASH, EXISTS, STORE
15707 =head2 Memoize::ExpireFile - test for Memoize expiration semantics
15715 =head2 Memoize::ExpireTest - test for Memoize expiration semantics
15723 =head2 Memoize::NDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for NDBM_File for
15732 =head2 Memoize::SDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for SDBM_File for
15741 =head2 Memoize::Storable - store Memoized data in Storable database
15749 =head2 NDBM_File - Tied access to ndbm files
15757 C<O_RDONLY>, C<O_WRONLY>, C<O_RDWR>
15763 =item C<ndbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...>
15767 =item BUGS AND WARNINGS
15771 =head2 NEXT - Provide a pseudo-class NEXT that allows method redispatch
15781 =item Enforcing redispatch
15783 =item Avoiding repetitions
15789 =item BUGS AND IRRITATIONS
15795 =head2 Net::Cmd - Network Command class (as used by FTP, SMTP etc)
15805 debug ( VALUE ), message (), code (), ok (), status (), datasend ( DATA ),
15808 =item CLASS METHODS
15810 debug_print ( DIR, TEXT ), debug_text ( TEXT ), command ( CMD [, ARGS, ...
15811 ]), unsupported (), response (), parse_response ( TEXT ), getline (),
15812 ungetline ( TEXT ), read_until_dot (), tied_fh ()
15822 =head2 Net::Config - Local configuration data for libnet
15832 requires_firewall HOST
15834 =item NetConfig VALUES
15836 nntp_hosts, snpp_hosts, pop3_hosts, smtp_hosts, ph_hosts, daytime_hosts,
15837 time_hosts, inet_domain, ftp_firewall, ftp_firewall_type, ftp_ext_passive,
15838 ftp_int_pasive, local_netmask, test_hosts, test_exists
15842 =head2 Net::Domain - Attempt to evaluate the current host's internet name
15851 hostfqdn (), hostname (), hostdomain ()
15859 =head2 Net::FTP - FTP Client class
15871 new (HOST [,OPTIONS])
15875 login ([LOGIN [,PASSWORD [, ACCOUNT] ] ]), authorize ( [AUTH [, RESP]]),
15876 site (ARGS), type (TYPE [, ARGS]), ascii ([ARGS]) binary([ARGS])
15877 ebcdic([ARGS]) byte([ARGS]), rename ( OLDNAME, NEWNAME ), delete ( FILENAME
15878 ), cwd ( [ DIR ] ), cdup (), pwd (), restart ( WHERE ), rmdir ( DIR ),
15879 mkdir ( DIR [, RECURSE ]), ls ( [ DIR ] ), dir ( [ DIR ] ), get (
15880 REMOTE_FILE [, LOCAL_FILE [, WHERE]] ), put ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ]
15881 ), put_unique ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] ), append ( LOCAL_FILE [,
15882 REMOTE_FILE ] ), unique_name (), mdtm ( FILE ), size ( FILE ), supported (
15883 CMD ), hash ( [FILEHANDLE_GLOB_REF],[ BYTES_PER_HASH_MARK] ), nlst ( [ DIR
15884 ] ), list ( [ DIR ] ), retr ( FILE ), stor ( FILE ), stou ( FILE ), appe (
15885 FILE ), port ( [ PORT ] ), pasv (), pasv_xfer ( SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER [,
15886 DEST_FILE ] ), pasv_xfer_unique ( SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER [, DEST_FILE ] ),
15887 pasv_wait ( NON_PASV_SERVER ), abort (), quit ()
15891 =item Methods for the adventurous
15897 =item THE dataconn CLASS
15899 read ( BUFFER, SIZE [, TIMEOUT ] ), write ( BUFFER, SIZE [, TIMEOUT ] ),
15900 bytes_read (), abort (), close ()
15902 =item UNIMPLEMENTED
15904 B<ALLO>, B<SMNT>, B<HELP>, B<MODE>, B<SYST>, B<STAT>, B<STRU>, B<REIN>
15906 =item REPORTING BUGS
15914 http://www.csh.rit.edu/~adam/Progs/autoftp-2.0.tar.gz
15922 =head2 Net::NNTP - NNTP Client class
15932 new ( [ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ])
15936 article ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), body ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), head (
15937 [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), articlefh ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), bodyfh ( [
15938 MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), headfh ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), nntpstat ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ]
15939 ), group ( [ GROUP ] ), ihave ( MSGID [, MESSAGE ]), last (), date (),
15940 postok (), authinfo ( USER, PASS ), list (), newgroups ( SINCE [,
15941 DISTRIBUTIONS ]), newnews ( SINCE [, GROUPS [, DISTRIBUTIONS ]]), next (),
15942 post ( [ MESSAGE ] ), postfh (), slave (), quit ()
15946 =item Extension methods
15948 newsgroups ( [ PATTERN ] ), distributions (), subscriptions (),
15949 overview_fmt (), active_times (), active ( [ PATTERN ] ), xgtitle ( PATTERN
15950 ), xhdr ( HEADER, MESSAGE-SPEC ), xover ( MESSAGE-SPEC ), xpath (
15951 MESSAGE-ID ), xpat ( HEADER, PATTERN, MESSAGE-SPEC), xrover, listgroup ( [
15960 MESSAGE-SPEC, PATTERN, Examples, C<[^]-]>, C<*bdc>, C<[0-9a-zA-Z]>, C<a??d>
15970 =head2 Net::POP3 - Post Office Protocol 3 Client class (RFC1939)
15982 new ( [ HOST, ] [ OPTIONS ] )
15986 user ( USER ), pass ( PASS ), login ( [ USER [, PASS ]] ), apop ( [ USER [,
15987 PASS ]] ), top ( MSGNUM [, NUMLINES ] ), list ( [ MSGNUM ] ), get ( MSGNUM
15988 [, FH ] ), getfh ( MSGNUM ), last (), popstat (), ping ( USER ), uidl ( [
15989 MSGNUM ] ), delete ( MSGNUM ), reset (), quit ()
16001 =head2 Net::Ping - check a remote host for reachability
16013 Net::Ping->new([$proto [, $def_timeout [, $bytes]]]);, $p->source_verify( {
16014 0 | 1 } );, $p->hires( { 0 | 1 } );, $p->bind($local_addr);, $p->ping($host
16015 [, $timeout]);, $p->open($host);, $p->close();, pingecho($host [,
16030 =head2 Net::SMTP - Simple Mail Transfer Protocol Client
16042 new Net::SMTP [ HOST, ] [ OPTIONS ]
16046 banner (), domain (), hello ( DOMAIN ), etrn ( DOMAIN ), auth ( USERNAME,
16047 PASSWORD ), mail ( ADDRESS [, OPTIONS] ), send ( ADDRESS ), send_or_mail (
16048 ADDRESS ), send_and_mail ( ADDRESS ), reset (), recipient ( ADDRESS [,
16049 ADDRESS [ ...]] [, OPTIONS ] ), to ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), cc (
16050 ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), bcc ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), data ( [
16051 DATA ] ), expand ( ADDRESS ), verify ( ADDRESS ), help ( [ $subject ] ),
16064 =head2 Net::Time - time and daytime network client interface
16072 inet_time ( [HOST [, PROTOCOL [, TIMEOUT]]]), inet_daytime ( [HOST [,
16073 PROTOCOL [, TIMEOUT]]])
16081 =head2 Net::hostent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gethost*()
16098 =head2 Net::libnetFAQ, libnetFAQ - libnet Frequently Asked Questions
16106 =item Where to get this document
16108 =item How to contribute to this document
16112 =item Author and Copyright Information
16120 =item Obtaining and installing libnet
16124 =item What is libnet ?
16126 =item Which version of perl do I need ?
16128 =item What other modules do I need ?
16130 =item What machines support libnet ?
16132 =item Where can I get the latest libnet release
16136 =item Using Net::FTP
16140 =item How do I download files from an FTP server ?
16142 =item How do I transfer files in binary mode ?
16144 =item How can I get the size of a file on a remote FTP server ?
16146 =item How can I get the modification time of a file on a remote FTP server
16149 =item How can I change the permissions of a file on a remote server ?
16151 =item Can I do a reget operation like the ftp command ?
16153 =item How do I get a directory listing from an FTP server ?
16155 =item Changing directory to "" does not fail ?
16157 =item I am behind a SOCKS firewall, but the Firewall option does not work ?
16159 =item I am behind an FTP proxy firewall, but cannot access machines outside
16162 =item My ftp proxy firewall does not listen on port 21
16164 =item Is it possible to change the file permissions of a file on an FTP
16167 =item I have seen scripts call a method message, but cannot find it
16170 =item Why does Net::FTP not implement mput and mget methods
16174 =item Using Net::SMTP
16178 =item Why can't the part of an Email address after the @ be used as the
16181 =item Why does Net::SMTP not do DNS MX lookups ?
16183 =item The verify method always returns true ?
16187 =item Debugging scripts
16191 =item How can I debug my scripts that use Net::* modules ?
16195 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
16199 =head2 Net::netent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getnet*()
16216 =head2 Net::protoent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getproto*()
16231 =head2 Net::servent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getserv*()
16248 =head2 Netrc, Net::Netrc - OO interface to users netrc file
16256 =item THE .netrc FILE
16258 machine name, default, login name, password string, account string, macdef
16263 lookup ( MACHINE [, LOGIN ])
16267 login (), password (), account (), lpa ()
16277 =head2 O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends
16287 =item IMPLEMENTATION
16295 =head2 ODBM_File - Tied access to odbm files
16303 C<O_RDONLY>, C<O_WRONLY>, C<O_RDWR>
16309 =item C<odbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...>
16313 =item BUGS AND WARNINGS
16317 =head2 Opcode - Disable named opcodes when compiling perl code
16329 =item Operator Names and Operator Lists
16331 an operator name (opname), an operator tag name (optag), a negated opname
16332 or optag, an operator set (opset)
16334 =item Opcode Functions
16336 opcodes, opset (OP, ...), opset_to_ops (OPSET), opset_to_hex (OPSET),
16337 full_opset, empty_opset, invert_opset (OPSET), verify_opset (OPSET, ...),
16338 define_optag (OPTAG, OPSET), opmask_add (OPSET), opmask, opdesc (OP, ...),
16341 =item Manipulating Opsets
16343 =item TO DO (maybe)
16349 =item Predefined Opcode Tags
16351 :base_core, :base_mem, :base_loop, :base_io, :base_orig, :base_math,
16352 :base_thread, :default, :filesys_read, :sys_db, :browse, :filesys_open,
16353 :filesys_write, :subprocess, :ownprocess, :others, :still_to_be_decided,
16362 =head2 Opcode::Safe, Safe - Compile and execute code in restricted
16371 a new namespace, an operator mask
16377 =item RECENT CHANGES
16379 =item Methods in class Safe
16381 permit (OP, ...), permit_only (OP, ...), deny (OP, ...), deny_only (OP,
16382 ...), trap (OP, ...), untrap (OP, ...), share (NAME, ...), share_from
16383 (PACKAGE, ARRAYREF), varglob (VARNAME), reval (STRING), rdo (FILENAME),
16384 root (NAMESPACE), mask (MASK)
16386 =item Some Safety Issues
16388 Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes
16396 =head2 Opcode::ops, ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when
16409 =head2 POSIX - Perl interface to IEEE Std 1003.1
16423 _exit, abort, abs, access, acos, alarm, asctime, asin, assert, atan, atan2,
16424 atexit, atof, atoi, atol, bsearch, calloc, ceil, chdir, chmod, chown,
16425 clearerr, clock, close, closedir, cos, cosh, creat, ctermid, ctime,
16426 cuserid, difftime, div, dup, dup2, errno, execl, execle, execlp, execv,
16427 execve, execvp, exit, exp, fabs, fclose, fcntl, fdopen, feof, ferror,
16428 fflush, fgetc, fgetpos, fgets, fileno, floor, fmod, fopen, fork, fpathconf,
16429 fprintf, fputc, fputs, fread, free, freopen, frexp, fscanf, fseek, fsetpos,
16430 fstat, ftell, fwrite, getc, getchar, getcwd, getegid, getenv, geteuid,
16431 getgid, getgrgid, getgrnam, getgroups, getlogin, getpgrp, getpid, getppid,
16432 getpwnam, getpwuid, gets, getuid, gmtime, isalnum, isalpha, isatty,
16433 iscntrl, isdigit, isgraph, islower, isprint, ispunct, isspace, isupper,
16434 isxdigit, kill, labs, ldexp, ldiv, link, localeconv, localtime, log, log10,
16435 longjmp, lseek, malloc, mblen, mbstowcs, mbtowc, memchr, memcmp, memcpy,
16436 memmove, memset, mkdir, mkfifo, mktime, modf, nice, offsetof, open,
16437 opendir, pathconf, pause, perror, pipe, pow, printf, putc, putchar, puts,
16438 qsort, raise, rand, read, readdir, realloc, remove, rename, rewind,
16439 rewinddir, rmdir, scanf, setgid, setjmp, setlocale, setpgid, setsid,
16440 setuid, sigaction, siglongjmp, sigpending, sigprocmask, sigsetjmp,
16441 sigsuspend, sin, sinh, sleep, sprintf, sqrt, srand, sscanf, stat, strcat,
16442 strchr, strcmp, strcoll, strcpy, strcspn, strerror, strftime, strlen,
16443 strncat, strncmp, strncpy, strpbrk, strrchr, strspn, strstr, strtod,
16444 strtok, strtol, strtoul, strxfrm, sysconf, system, tan, tanh, tcdrain,
16445 tcflow, tcflush, tcgetpgrp, tcsendbreak, tcsetpgrp, time, times, tmpfile,
16446 tmpnam, tolower, toupper, ttyname, tzname, tzset, umask, uname, ungetc,
16447 unlink, utime, vfprintf, vprintf, vsprintf, wait, waitpid, wcstombs,
16454 =item POSIX::SigAction
16458 =item POSIX::SigSet
16460 new, addset, delset, emptyset, fillset, ismember
16462 =item POSIX::Termios
16464 new, getattr, getcc, getcflag, getiflag, getispeed, getlflag, getoflag,
16465 getospeed, setattr, setcc, setcflag, setiflag, setispeed, setlflag,
16466 setoflag, setospeed, Baud rate values, Terminal interface values, c_cc
16467 field values, c_cflag field values, c_iflag field values, c_lflag field
16468 values, c_oflag field values
16472 =item PATHNAME CONSTANTS
16476 =item POSIX CONSTANTS
16480 =item SYSTEM CONFIGURATION
16534 Constants, WNOHANG, WUNTRACED, Macros, WIFEXITED, WEXITSTATUS, WIFSIGNALED,
16535 WTERMSIG, WIFSTOPPED, WSTOPSIG
16539 =head2 PerlIO - On demand loader for PerlIO layers and root of PerlIO::*
16548 unix, stdio, perlio, crlf, utf8, bytes, raw
16552 =item Defaults and how to override them
16562 =head2 PerlIO::Scalar - support module for in-memory IO.
16572 =head2 PerlIO::Via - Helper class for PerlIO layers implemented in perl
16580 $class->PUSHED([$mode[,$fh]]), $obj->POPPED([$fh]),
16581 $class->OPEN($path,$mode[,$fh]), $class->FDOPEN($fd),
16582 $class->SYSOPEN($path,$imode,$perm,$fh), $obj->FILENO($fh),
16583 $obj->READ($buffer,$len,$fh), $obj->WRITE($buffer,$fh), $obj->FILL($fh),
16584 $obj->CLOSE($fh), $obj->SEEK($posn,$whence,$fh), $obj->TELL($fh),
16585 $obj->UNREAD($buffer,$fh), $obj->FLUSH($fh), $obj->SETLINEBUF($fh),
16586 $obj->CLEARERR($fh), $obj->ERROR($fh), $obj->EOF($fh)
16590 =item Example - a Hexadecimal Handle
16596 =head2 PerlIO::encoding - encoding layer
16608 =head2 Pod::Checker, podchecker() - check pod documents for syntax errors
16614 =item OPTIONS/ARGUMENTS
16620 B<-warnings> =E<gt> I<val>
16632 empty =headn, =over on line I<N> without closing =back, =item without
16633 previous =over, =back without previous =over, No argument for =begin, =end
16634 without =begin, Nested =begin's, =for without formatter specification,
16635 unresolved internal link I<NAME>, Unknown command "I<CMD>", Unknown
16636 interior-sequence "I<SEQ>", nested commands
16637 I<CMD>E<lt>...I<CMD>E<lt>...E<gt>...E<gt>, garbled entity I<STRING>, Entity
16638 number out of range, malformed link LE<lt>E<gt>, nonempty ZE<lt>E<gt>,
16639 empty XE<lt>E<gt>, Spurious text after =pod / =cut, Spurious character(s)
16644 multiple occurrence of link target I<name>, line containing nothing but
16645 whitespace in paragraph, file does not start with =head, previous =item has
16646 no contents, preceding non-item paragraph(s), =item type mismatch (I<one>
16647 vs. I<two>), I<N> unescaped C<E<lt>E<gt>> in paragraph, Unknown entity, No
16648 items in =over, No argument for =item, empty section in previous paragraph,
16649 Verbatim paragraph in NAME section
16653 ignoring leading/trailing whitespace in link, (section) in '$page'
16654 deprecated, alternative text/node '%s' contains non-escaped | or /
16666 C<Pod::Checker-E<gt>new( %options )>
16668 C<$checker-E<gt>poderror( @args )>, C<$checker-E<gt>poderror( {%opts},
16671 C<$checker-E<gt>num_errors()>
16673 C<$checker-E<gt>name()>
16675 C<$checker-E<gt>node()>
16677 C<$checker-E<gt>idx()>
16679 C<$checker-E<gt>hyperlink()>
16687 =head2 Pod::Find - find POD documents in directory trees
16699 =item C<pod_find( { %opts } , @directories )>
16701 C<-verbose =E<gt> 1>, C<-perl =E<gt> 1>, C<-script =E<gt> 1>, C<-inc =E<gt>
16708 =item C<simplify_name( $str )>
16714 =item C<pod_where( { %opts }, $pod )>
16716 C<-inc =E<gt> 1>, C<-dirs =E<gt> [ $dir1, $dir2, ... ]>, C<-verbose =E<gt>
16723 =item C<contains_pod( $file , $verbose )>
16735 =head2 Pod::Html - module to convert pod files to HTML
16745 backlink, cachedir, css, flush, header, help, htmldir, htmlroot, index,
16746 infile, libpods, netscape, outfile, podpath, podroot, quiet, recurse,
16761 =head2 Pod::InputObjects - objects representing POD input paragraphs,
16774 package B<Pod::InputSource>, package B<Pod::Paragraph>, package
16775 B<Pod::InteriorSequence>, package B<Pod::ParseTree>
16781 =item B<Pod::InputSource>
16805 =item B<was_cutting()>
16811 =item B<Pod::Paragraph>
16817 =item Pod::Paragraph-E<gt>B<new()>
16823 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<cmd_name()>
16829 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<text()>
16835 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<raw_text()>
16841 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<cmd_prefix()>
16847 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<cmd_separator()>
16853 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<parse_tree()>
16859 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<file_line()>
16865 =item B<Pod::InteriorSequence>
16871 =item Pod::InteriorSequence-E<gt>B<new()>
16877 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<cmd_name()>
16883 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<prepend()>
16889 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<append()>
16895 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<nested()>
16901 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<raw_text()>
16907 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<left_delimiter()>
16913 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<right_delimiter()>
16919 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<parse_tree()>
16925 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<file_line()>
16931 =item Pod::InteriorSequence::B<DESTROY()>
16937 =item B<Pod::ParseTree>
16943 =item Pod::ParseTree-E<gt>B<new()>
16949 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<top()>
16955 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<children()>
16961 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<prepend()>
16967 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<append()>
16973 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<raw_text()>
16979 =item Pod::ParseTree::B<DESTROY()>
16991 =head2 Pod::LaTeX - Convert Pod data to formatted Latex
17003 =item OBJECT METHODS
17011 =item Data Accessors
17027 B<ReplaceNAMEwithSection>
17029 B<StartWithNewPage>
17043 =item Subclassed methods
17057 B<interior_sequence>
17073 =item Methods for headings
17081 =item Internal methods
17087 B<_replace_special_chars>
17089 B<_replace_special_chars_late>
17095 B<_clean_latex_commands>
17097 B<_split_delimited>
17113 =head2 Pod::Man - Convert POD data to formatted *roff input
17121 center, date, fixed, fixedbold, fixeditalic, fixedbolditalic, name, quotes,
17126 roff font should be 1 or 2 chars, not "%s", Invalid link %s, Invalid quote
17127 specification "%s", %s:%d: Unknown command paragraph "%s", %s:%d: Unknown
17128 escape EE<lt>%sE<gt>, %s:%d: Unknown formatting code %s, %s:%d: Unmatched
17139 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
17143 =head2 Pod::ParseLink -- Parse an LE<lt>E<gt> formatting code in POD text
17153 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
17157 =head2 Pod::ParseUtils - helpers for POD parsing and conversion
17171 Pod::List-E<gt>new()
17179 $list-E<gt>indent()
17187 $list-E<gt>parent()
17193 =item Pod::Hyperlink
17195 Pod::Hyperlink-E<gt>new()
17199 $link-E<gt>parse($string)
17201 $link-E<gt>markup($string)
17205 $link-E<gt>warning()
17207 $link-E<gt>file(), $link-E<gt>line()
17213 $link-E<gt>alttext()
17223 Pod::Cache-E<gt>new()
17229 $cache-E<gt>find_page($name)
17233 =item Pod::Cache::Item
17235 Pod::Cache::Item-E<gt>new()
17239 $cacheitem-E<gt>page()
17241 $cacheitem-E<gt>description()
17243 $cacheitem-E<gt>path()
17245 $cacheitem-E<gt>file()
17247 $cacheitem-E<gt>nodes()
17249 $cacheitem-E<gt>find_node($name)
17251 $cacheitem-E<gt>idx()
17261 =head2 Pod::Parser - base class for creating POD filters and translators
17273 =item QUICK OVERVIEW
17275 =item PARSING OPTIONS
17277 B<-want_nonPODs> (default: unset), B<-process_cut_cmd> (default: unset),
17278 B<-warnings> (default: unset)
17284 =item RECOMMENDED SUBROUTINE/METHOD OVERRIDES
17292 C<$cmd>, C<$text>, C<$line_num>, C<$pod_para>
17298 =item B<verbatim()>
17300 C<$text>, C<$line_num>, C<$pod_para>
17306 =item B<textblock()>
17308 C<$text>, C<$line_num>, C<$pod_para>
17314 =item B<interior_sequence()>
17320 =item OPTIONAL SUBROUTINE/METHOD OVERRIDES
17332 =item B<initialize()>
17338 =item B<begin_pod()>
17344 =item B<begin_input()>
17350 =item B<end_input()>
17362 =item B<preprocess_line()>
17368 =item B<preprocess_paragraph()>
17374 =item METHODS FOR PARSING AND PROCESSING
17380 =item B<parse_text()>
17382 B<-expand_seq> =E<gt> I<code-ref>|I<method-name>, B<-expand_text> =E<gt>
17383 I<code-ref>|I<method-name>, B<-expand_ptree> =E<gt>
17384 I<code-ref>|I<method-name>
17390 =item B<interpolate()>
17396 =item B<parse_paragraph()>
17402 =item B<parse_from_filehandle()>
17408 =item B<parse_from_file()>
17414 =item ACCESSOR METHODS
17420 =item B<errorsub()>
17432 =item B<parseopts()>
17438 =item B<output_file()>
17444 =item B<output_handle()>
17450 =item B<input_file()>
17456 =item B<input_handle()>
17462 =item B<input_streams()>
17468 =item B<top_stream()>
17474 =item PRIVATE METHODS AND DATA
17480 =item B<_push_input_stream()>
17486 =item B<_pop_input_stream()>
17492 =item TREE-BASED PARSING
17500 =head2 Pod::Plainer - Perl extension for converting Pod to old style Pod.
17520 =head2 Pod::Select, podselect() - extract selected sections of POD from
17533 =item SECTION SPECIFICATIONS
17535 =item RANGE SPECIFICATIONS
17541 =item OBJECT METHODS
17547 =item B<curr_headings()>
17559 =item B<add_selection()>
17565 =item B<clear_selections()>
17571 =item B<match_section()>
17577 =item B<is_selected()>
17583 =item EXPORTED FUNCTIONS
17589 =item B<podselect()>
17591 B<-output>, B<-sections>, B<-ranges>
17597 =item PRIVATE METHODS AND DATA
17603 =item B<_compile_section_spec()>
17609 =item $self->{_SECTION_HEADINGS}
17615 =item $self->{_SELECTED_SECTIONS}
17627 =head2 Pod::Text - Convert POD data to formatted ASCII text
17635 alt, code, indent, loose, quotes, sentence, width
17639 Bizarre space in item, Item called without tag, Can't open %s for reading:
17640 %s, Invalid quote specification "%s", %s:%d: Unknown command paragraph: %s,
17641 %s:%d: Unknown escape: %s, %s:%d: Unknown formatting code: %s, %s:%d:
17652 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
17656 =head2 Pod::Text::Color - Convert POD data to formatted color ASCII text
17670 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
17674 =head2 Pod::Text::Overstrike - Convert POD data to formatted overstrike
17689 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
17693 =head2 Pod::Text::Termcap, Pod::Text::Color - Convert POD data to ASCII
17694 text with format escapes
17708 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
17712 =head2 Pod::Usage, pod2usage() - print a usage message from embedded pod
17721 C<-message>, C<-msg>, C<-exitval>, C<-verbose>, C<-output>, C<-input>,
17730 =item Recommended Use
17738 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
17742 =head2 Pod::t::basic, basic.pod - Test of various basic POD features in
17749 =item This C<is> a "level 1" heading
17753 =item ``Level'' "2 I<heading>
17757 =item This C<is> a "level 1" heading
17761 =item ``Level'' 2 I<heading>
17767 =item OVER AND ITEMS
17769 This is a test, a, b, a, b, c, d, "foo", B<bar>, C<baz>, Some longer item
17772 =item FORMATTING CODES
17774 E<amp>, E<apos>, E<lt>, E<gt>, E<quot>, E<sol>
17782 =head2 Pod::t::htmlescp, Escape Sequences Test
17790 =head2 Pod::t::htmlview, Test HTML Rendering
17798 =item METHODS =E<gt> OTHER STUFF
17804 foo, bar, baz, C<Black> Cat, Sat S<I<on> the>, MatE<lt>!E<gt>, 1 Cat, 2
17811 =item TESTING FOR AND BEGIN
17813 =item TESTING URLs hyperlinking
17819 =head2 SDBM_File - Tied access to sdbm files
17827 C<O_RDONLY>, C<O_WRONLY>, C<O_RDWR>
17833 =item C<sdbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...>
17837 =item BUGS AND WARNINGS
17841 =head2 Safe - Compile and execute code in restricted compartments
17849 a new namespace, an operator mask
17855 =item RECENT CHANGES
17857 =item Methods in class Safe
17859 permit (OP, ...), permit_only (OP, ...), deny (OP, ...), deny_only (OP,
17860 ...), trap (OP, ...), untrap (OP, ...), share (NAME, ...), share_from
17861 (PACKAGE, ARRAYREF), varglob (VARNAME), reval (STRING), rdo (FILENAME),
17862 root (NAMESPACE), mask (MASK)
17864 =item Some Safety Issues
17866 Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes
17874 =head2 Scalar::Util - A selection of general-utility scalar subroutines
17882 blessed EXPR, dualvar NUM, STRING, isweak EXPR, openhandle FH, reftype
17883 EXPR, tainted EXPR, weaken REF
17893 =head2 Search::Dict, look - search for key in dictionary file
17903 =head2 SelectSaver - save and restore selected file handle
17913 =head2 SelfLoader - load functions only on demand
17923 =item The __DATA__ token
17925 =item SelfLoader autoloading
17927 =item Autoloading and package lexicals
17929 =item SelfLoader and AutoLoader
17931 =item __DATA__, __END__, and the FOOBAR::DATA filehandle.
17933 =item Classes and inherited methods.
17937 =item Multiple packages and fully qualified subroutine names
17941 =head2 Shell - run shell commands transparently within perl
17951 =item OBJECT ORIENTED SYNTAX
17959 =head2 Socket, sockaddr_in, sockaddr_un, inet_aton, inet_ntoa - load the C
17960 socket.h defines and structure manipulators
17968 inet_aton HOSTNAME, inet_ntoa IP_ADDRESS, INADDR_ANY, INADDR_BROADCAST,
17969 INADDR_LOOPBACK, INADDR_NONE, sockaddr_family SOCKADDR, sockaddr_in PORT,
17970 ADDRESS, sockaddr_in SOCKADDR_IN, pack_sockaddr_in PORT, IP_ADDRESS,
17971 unpack_sockaddr_in SOCKADDR_IN, sockaddr_un PATHNAME, sockaddr_un
17972 SOCKADDR_UN, pack_sockaddr_un PATH, unpack_sockaddr_un SOCKADDR_UN
17976 =head2 Storable - persistence for Perl data structures
17986 =item ADVISORY LOCKING
17990 =item CANONICAL REPRESENTATION
17992 =item FORWARD COMPATIBILITY
17994 utf8 data, restricted hashes, files from future versions of Storable
17996 =item ERROR REPORTING
18004 C<STORABLE_freeze> I<obj>, I<cloning>, C<STORABLE_thaw> I<obj>, I<cloning>,
18009 C<Storable::last_op_in_netorder>, C<Storable::is_storing>,
18010 C<Storable::is_retrieving>
18018 =item Storable magic
18028 =item 64 bit data in perl 5.6.0 and 5.6.1
18040 =head2 Switch - A switch statement for Perl
18054 =item Allowing fall-through
18056 =item Automating fall-through
18058 =item Alternative syntax
18060 =item Higher-order Operations
18076 =head2 Symbol - manipulate Perl symbols and their names
18086 =head2 Sys::Hostname - Try every conceivable way to get hostname
18098 =head2 Syslog, Sys::Syslog, openlog, closelog, setlogmask, syslog - Perl
18099 interface to the UNIX syslog(3) calls
18107 openlog $ident, $logopt, $facility, syslog $priority, $format, @args,
18108 setlogmask $mask_priority, setlogsock $sock_type [$stream_location] (added
18109 in 5.004_02), closelog
18119 =head2 Syslog::Syslog, Sys::Syslog, openlog, closelog, setlogmask, syslog -
18120 Perl interface to the UNIX syslog(3) calls
18128 openlog $ident, $logopt, $facility, syslog $priority, $format, @args,
18129 setlogmask $mask_priority, setlogsock $sock_type [$stream_location] (added
18130 in 5.004_02), closelog
18140 =head2 Term::ANSIColor - Color screen output using ANSI escape sequences
18150 Bad escape sequence %s, Bareword "%s" not allowed while "strict subs" in
18151 use, Invalid attribute name %s, Name "%s" used only once: possible typo, No
18152 comma allowed after filehandle, No name for escape sequence %s
18156 ANSI_COLORS_DISABLED
18170 =head2 Term::Cap - Perl termcap interface
18186 B<Tgetent>, OSPEED, TERM
18188 B<Tpad>, B<$string>, B<$cnt>, B<$FH>
18190 B<Tputs>, B<$cap>, B<$cnt>, B<$FH>
18192 B<Tgoto>, B<$cap>, B<$col>, B<$row>, B<$FH>
18200 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
18208 =head2 Term::Complete - Perl word completion module
18216 E<lt>tabE<gt>, ^D, ^U, E<lt>delE<gt>, E<lt>bsE<gt>
18226 =head2 Term::ReadLine - Perl interface to various C<readline> packages. If
18227 no real package is found, substitutes stubs instead of basic functions.
18235 =item Minimal set of supported functions
18237 C<ReadLine>, C<new>, C<readline>, C<addhistory>, C<IN>, $C<OUT>,
18238 C<MinLine>, C<findConsole>, Attribs, C<Features>
18240 =item Additional supported functions
18242 C<tkRunning>, C<ornaments>, C<newTTY>
18252 =head2 Test - provides a simple framework for writing test scripts
18278 NORMAL TESTS, SKIPPED TESTS, TODO TESTS
18282 =item BUGS and CAVEATS
18292 =head2 Test::Builder - Backend for building test libraries
18312 =item Setting up tests
18328 =item Running tests
18334 B<is_eq>, B<is_num>
18336 B<isnt_eq>, B<isnt_num>
18362 B<no_header>, B<no_ending>
18374 B<output>, B<failure_output>, B<todo_output>
18378 =item Test Status and Info
18386 B<details> I<UNIMPLEMENTED>, B<todo>
18408 =head2 Test::Harness - run perl standard test scripts with statistics
18418 =item The test script output
18420 B<'1..M'>, B<'ok', 'not ok'. Ok?>, B<test numbers>, B<test names>,
18421 B<Skipping tests>, B<Todo tests>, B<Bail out!>, B<Comments>, B<Anything
18426 =item Configuration variables.
18428 B<$Test::Harness::verbose>, B<$Test::Harness::switches>
18432 B<Failed Test>, B<Stat>, B<Wstat>, B<Total>, B<Fail>, B<Failed>, B<List of
18459 C<All tests successful.\nFiles=%d, Tests=%d, %s>, C<FAILED tests
18460 %s\n\tFailed %d/%d tests, %.2f%% okay.>, C<Test returned status %d (wstat
18461 %d)>, C<Failed 1 test, %.2f%% okay. %s>, C<Failed %d/%d tests, %.2f%% okay.
18462 %s>, C<FAILED--Further testing stopped: %s>
18466 C<HARNESS_ACTIVE>, C<HARNESS_COLUMNS>, C<HARNESS_COMPILE_TEST>,
18467 C<HARNESS_FILELEAK_IN_DIR>, C<HARNESS_IGNORE_EXITCODE>, C<HARNESS_NOTTY>,
18468 C<HARNESS_PERL_SWITCHES>, C<HARNESS_VERBOSE>
18482 =head2 Test::Harness::Assert - simple assert
18508 =head2 Test::Harness::Iterator - Internal Test::Harness Iterator
18518 =head2 Test::Harness::Straps - detailed analysis of test results
18556 B<_restore_PERL5LIB>
18572 B<_reset_file_state>
18592 =head2 Test::More - yet another framework for writing test scripts
18602 =item I love it when a plan comes together
18612 =item I'm ok, you're not ok.
18652 =item Conditional tests
18658 B<TODO: BLOCK>, B<todo_skip>
18662 =item Comparison functions
18676 =item Extending and Embedding Test::More
18686 =item BUGS and CAVEATS
18688 Making your own ok(), The eq_* family has some caveats, Test::Harness
18701 =head2 Test::Simple - Basic utilities for writing tests.
18725 L<Test::More>, L<Test>, L<Test::Unit>, L<Test::Inline>, L<SelfTest>,
18734 =head2 Test::Tutorial - A tutorial about writing really basic tests
18742 =item Nuts and bolts of testing.
18744 =item Where to start?
18748 =item Test the manual
18750 =item Sometimes the tests are wrong
18752 =item Testing lots of values
18754 =item Informative names
18756 =item Skipping tests
18760 =item Testing with taint mode.
18772 =head2 Text::Abbrev, abbrev - create an abbreviation table from a list
18784 =head2 Text::Balanced - Extract delimited text sequences from strings.
18794 =item General behaviour in list contexts
18798 =item General behaviour in scalar and void contexts
18800 =item A note about prefixes
18802 =item C<extract_delimited>
18804 =item C<extract_bracketed>
18806 =item C<extract_tagged>
18808 C<reject =E<gt> $listref>, C<ignore =E<gt> $listref>, C<fail =E<gt> $str>,
18809 [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5]
18811 =item C<gen_extract_tagged>
18813 =item C<extract_quotelike>
18815 [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [10]
18817 =item C<extract_quotelike> and "here documents"
18819 [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7..10]
18821 =item C<extract_codeblock>
18823 =item C<extract_multiple>
18825 =item C<gen_delimited_pat>
18831 C<Did not find a suitable bracket: "%s">, C<Did not find prefix: /%s/>,
18832 C<Did not find opening bracket after prefix: "%s">, C<No quotelike
18833 operator found after prefix: "%s">, C<Unmatched closing bracket: "%c">,
18834 C<Unmatched opening bracket(s): "%s">, C<Unmatched embedded quote (%s)>,
18835 C<Did not find closing delimiter to match '%s'>, C<Mismatched closing
18836 bracket: expected "%c" but found "%s">, C<No block delimiter found after
18837 quotelike "%s">, C<Did not find leading dereferencer>, C<Bad identifier
18838 after dereferencer>, C<Did not find expected opening bracket at %s>,
18839 C<Improperly nested codeblock at %s>, C<Missing second block for quotelike
18840 "%s">, C<No match found for opening bracket>, C<Did not find opening tag:
18841 /%s/>, C<Unable to construct closing tag to match: /%s/>, C<Found invalid
18842 nested tag: %s>, C<Found unbalanced nested tag: %s>, C<Did not find closing
18847 =item BUGS AND IRRITATIONS
18853 =head2 Text::ParseWords - parse text into an array of tokens or array of
18868 =head2 Text::Soundex - Implementation of the Soundex Algorithm as Described
18885 =head2 Text::Tabs -- expand and unexpand tabs per the unix expand(1) and
18900 =head2 Text::Wrap - line wrapping to form simple paragraphs
18916 =head2 Thread - manipulate threads in Perl (for old code only)
18928 $thread = Thread->new(\&start_sub), $thread = Thread->new(\&start_sub,
18929 LIST), lock VARIABLE, async BLOCK;, Thread->self, cond_wait VARIABLE,
18930 cond_signal VARIABLE, cond_broadcast VARIABLE, yield
18934 join, eval, detach, equal, tid, flags, done
18942 =head2 Thread::Queue - thread-safe queues (for old code only)
18952 =item FUNCTIONS AND METHODS
18954 new, enqueue LIST, dequeue, dequeue_nb, pending
18960 =head2 Thread::Semaphore - thread-safe semaphores (for old code only)
18970 =item FUNCTIONS AND METHODS
18972 new, new NUMBER, down, down NUMBER, up, up NUMBER
18976 =head2 Thread::Signal - Start a thread which runs signal handlers reliably
18988 =head2 Thread::Specific - thread-specific keys
18998 =head2 Tie::Array - base class for tied arrays
19006 TIEARRAY classname, LIST, STORE this, index, value, FETCH this, index,
19007 FETCHSIZE this, STORESIZE this, count, EXTEND this, count, EXISTS this,
19008 key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, DESTROY this, PUSH this, LIST, POP this,
19009 SHIFT this, UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST
19017 =head2 Tie::File - Access the lines of a disk file via a Perl array
19037 =item Option Format
19041 =item Public Methods
19049 =item C<defer>, C<flush>, C<discard>, and C<autodefer>
19053 =item Tying to an already-opened filehandle
19055 =item Deferred Writing
19059 =item Autodeferring
19067 =item WHAT ABOUT C<DB_File>?
19081 =head2 Tie::Handle, Tie::StdHandle - base class definitions for tied
19090 TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, WRITE this, scalar, length, offset, PRINT this,
19091 LIST, PRINTF this, format, LIST, READ this, scalar, length, offset,
19092 READLINE this, GETC this, CLOSE this, OPEN this, filename, BINMODE this,
19093 EOF this, TELL this, SEEK this, offset, whence, DESTROY this
19095 =item MORE INFORMATION
19097 =item COMPATIBILITY
19101 =head2 Tie::Hash, Tie::StdHash, Tie::ExtraHash - base class definitions for
19110 TIEHASH classname, LIST, STORE this, key, value, FETCH this, key, FIRSTKEY
19111 this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, EXISTS this, key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this
19113 =item Inheriting from B<Tie::StdHash>
19115 =item Inheriting from B<Tie::ExtraHash>
19117 =item C<UNTIE> and C<DESTROY>
19119 =item MORE INFORMATION
19123 =head2 Tie::Memoize - add data to hash when needed
19131 =item Inheriting from B<Tie::Memoize>
19141 =head2 Tie::RefHash - use references as hash keys
19159 =head2 Tie::Scalar, Tie::StdScalar - base class definitions for tied
19168 TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, DESTROY this
19170 =item MORE INFORMATION
19174 =head2 Tie::SubstrHash - Fixed-table-size, fixed-key-length hashing
19186 =head2 Time::HiRes - High resolution alarm, sleep, gettimeofday, interval
19195 gettimeofday (), usleep ( $useconds ), ualarm ( $useconds [,
19196 $interval_useconds ] ), tv_interval, time (), sleep ( $floating_seconds ),
19197 alarm ( $floating_seconds [, $interval_floating_seconds ] ), setitimer,
19198 getitimer ( $which )
19214 =head2 Time::Local - efficiently compute time from local and GMT time
19222 =item IMPLEMENTATION
19228 =head2 Time::gmtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gmtime()
19243 =head2 Time::localtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in localtime()
19258 =head2 Time::tm - internal object used by Time::gmtime and Time::localtime
19270 =head2 UNIVERSAL - base class for ALL classes (blessed references)
19278 $obj->isa( TYPE ), CLASS->isa( TYPE ), isa( VAL, TYPE ), $obj->can( METHOD
19279 ), CLASS->can( METHOD ), can( VAL, METHOD ), VERSION ( [ REQUIRE ] )
19283 =head2 Unicode::Collate - Unicode Collation Algorithm
19293 =item Constructor and Tailoring
19295 alternate, backwards, entry, ignoreName, ignoreChar, level, normalization,
19296 overrideCJK, overrideHangul, preprocess, rearrange, table, undefName,
19297 undefChar, katakana_before_hiragana, upper_before_lower
19299 =item Methods for Collation
19301 C<@sorted = $Collator-E<gt>sort(@not_sorted)>, C<$result =
19302 $Collator-E<gt>cmp($a, $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>eq($a, $b)>,
19303 C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>ne($a, $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>lt($a,
19304 $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>le($a, $b)>, C<$result =
19305 $Collator-E<gt>gt($a, $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>ge($a, $b)>,
19306 C<$sortKey = $Collator-E<gt>getSortKey($string)>, C<$sortKeyForm =
19307 $Collator-E<gt>viewSortKey($string)>, C<$position =
19308 $Collator-E<gt>index($string, $substring)>, C<($position, $length) =
19309 $Collator-E<gt>index($string, $substring)>
19311 =item Other Methods
19313 UCA_Version, Base_Unicode_Version
19329 http://www.unicode.org/unicode/reports/tr10/,
19330 http://www.unicode.org/unicode/reports/tr10/allkeys.txt,
19331 http://www.unicode.org/unicode/reports/tr15/,
19332 http://www.unicode.org/unicode/reports/tr18, L<Unicode::Normalize>
19336 =head2 Unicode::Normalize - Unicode Normalization Forms
19346 =item Normalization Forms
19348 C<$NFD_string = NFD($string)>, C<$NFC_string = NFC($string)>,
19349 C<$NFKD_string = NFKD($string)>, C<$NFKC_string = NFKC($string)>,
19350 C<$normalized_string = normalize($form_name, $string)>
19352 =item Decomposition and Composition
19354 C<$decomposed_string = decompose($string)>, C<$decomposed_string =
19355 decompose($string, $useCompatMapping)>, C<$reordered_string =
19356 reorder($string)>, C<$composed_string = compose($string)>
19360 C<$result = checkNFD($string)>, C<$result = checkNFC($string)>, C<$result =
19361 checkNFKD($string)>, C<$result = checkNFKC($string)>, C<$result =
19362 check($form_name, $string)>
19364 =item Character Data
19366 C<$canonical_decomposed = getCanon($codepoint)>,
19367 C<$compatibility_decomposed = getCompat($codepoint)>,
19368 C<$codepoint_composite = getComposite($codepoint_here, $codepoint_next)>,
19369 C<$combining_class = getCombinClass($codepoint)>, C<$is_exclusion =
19370 isExclusion($codepoint)>, C<$is_singleton = isSingleton($codepoint)>,
19371 C<$is_non_startar_decomposition = isNonStDecomp($codepoint)>,
19372 C<$may_be_composed_with_prev_char = isComp2nd($codepoint)>
19382 http://www.unicode.org/unicode/reports/tr15/,
19383 http://www.unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/DerivedNormalizationProps.txt
19387 =head2 Unicode::UCD - Unicode character database
19429 =item Blocks versus Scripts
19431 =item Matching Scripts and Blocks
19433 =item Code Point Arguments
19459 =item Unicode::UCD::UnicodeVersion
19465 =item Implementation Note
19477 =head2 User::grent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getgr*()
19492 =head2 User::pwent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getpw*()
19503 =item System Specifics
19517 =head2 Win32 - Interfaces to some Win32 API Functions
19525 =item Alphabetical Listing of Win32 Functions
19527 Win32::AbortSystemShutdown(MACHINE), Win32::BuildNumber(),
19528 Win32::CopyFile(FROM, TO, OVERWRITE), Win32::DomainName(),
19529 Win32::ExpandEnvironmentStrings(STRING), Win32::FormatMessage(ERRORCODE),
19530 Win32::FsType(), Win32::FreeLibrary(HANDLE), Win32::GetArchName(),
19531 Win32::GetChipName(), Win32::GetCwd(), Win32::GetFullPathName(FILENAME),
19532 Win32::GetLastError(), Win32::GetLongPathName(PATHNAME),
19533 Win32::GetNextAvailDrive(), Win32::GetOSVersion(), Win32::GetOSName(),
19534 Win32::GetShortPathName(PATHNAME), Win32::GetProcAddress(INSTANCE,
19535 PROCNAME), Win32::GetTickCount(), Win32::InitiateSystemShutdown,
19536 Win32::IsWinNT(), Win32::IsWin95(), Win32::LoadLibrary(LIBNAME),
19537 Win32::LoginName(), Win32::LookupAccountName(SYSTEM, ACCOUNT, DOMAIN, SID,
19538 SIDTYPE), Win32::LookupAccountSID(SYSTEM, SID, ACCOUNT, DOMAIN, SIDTYPE),
19539 Win32::MsgBox(MESSAGE [, FLAGS [, TITLE]]), Win32::NodeName(),
19540 Win32::RegisterServer(LIBRARYNAME), Win32::SetChildShowWindow(SHOWWINDOW),
19541 Win32::SetCwd(NEWDIRECTORY), Win32::SetLastError(ERROR),
19542 Win32::Sleep(TIME), Win32::Spawn(COMMAND, ARGS, PID),
19543 Win32::UnregisterServer(LIBRARYNAME)
19549 =head2 XS::APItest - Test the perl C API
19563 B<print_double>, B<print_long_double>, B<have_long_double>, B<print_nv>,
19564 B<print_iv>, B<print_uv>, B<print_int>, B<print_long>, B<print_float>
19572 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
19576 =head2 XS::Typemap - module to test the XS typemaps distributed with perl
19594 =head2 XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code
19606 =head1 AUXILIARY DOCUMENTATION
19608 Here should be listed all the extra programs' documentation, but they
19609 don't all have manual pages yet:
19635 Larry Wall <F<larry@wall.org>>, with the help of oodles
projects / p5sagit/p5-mst-13.2.git / blob