2 # !!!!!!! DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE !!!!!!!
3 # This file is autogenerated by buildtoc from all the other pods.
4 # Edit those files and run buildtoc --build-toc to effect changes.
8 perltoc - perl documentation table of contents
12 This page provides a brief table of contents for the rest of the Perl
13 documentation set. It is meant to be scanned quickly or grepped
14 through to locate the proper section you're looking for.
16 =head1 BASIC DOCUMENTATION
18 =head2 perl - Practical Extraction and Report Language
30 =item Reference Manual
32 =item Internals and C Language Interface
36 =item Language-Specific
38 =item Platform-Specific
62 =head2 perlintro -- a brief introduction and overview of Perl
72 =item Running Perl programs
74 =item Basic syntax overview
76 =item Perl variable types
78 Scalars, Arrays, Hashes
80 =item Variable scoping
82 =item Conditional and looping constructs
84 if, while, for, foreach
86 =item Builtin operators and functions
88 Arithmetic, Numeric comparison, String comparison, Boolean logic,
93 =item Regular expressions
95 Simple matching, Simple substitution, More complex regular expressions,
96 Parentheses for capturing, Other regexp features
98 =item Writing subroutines
102 =item Using Perl modules
110 =head2 perlreftut - Mark's very short tutorial about references
116 =item Who Needs Complicated Data Structures?
124 =item Making References
126 =item Using References
144 =item Distribution Conditions
150 =head2 perldsc - Perl Data Structures Cookbook
156 arrays of arrays, hashes of arrays, arrays of hashes, hashes of hashes,
157 more elaborate constructs
160 X<reference> X<dereference> X<dereferencing> X<pointer>
162 =item COMMON MISTAKES
164 =item CAVEAT ON PRECEDENCE
165 X<dereference, precedence> X<dereferencing, precedence>
167 =item WHY YOU SHOULD ALWAYS C<use strict>
170 X<data structure, debugging> X<complex data structure, debugging>
171 X<AoA, debugging> X<HoA, debugging> X<AoH, debugging> X<HoH, debugging>
172 X<array of arrays, debugging> X<hash of arrays, debugging>
173 X<array of hashes, debugging> X<hash of hashes, debugging>
177 =item ARRAYS OF ARRAYS
178 X<array of arrays> X<AoA>
182 =item Declaration of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
184 =item Generation of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
186 =item Access and Printing of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
190 =item HASHES OF ARRAYS
191 X<hash of arrays> X<HoA>
195 =item Declaration of a HASH OF ARRAYS
197 =item Generation of a HASH OF ARRAYS
199 =item Access and Printing of a HASH OF ARRAYS
203 =item ARRAYS OF HASHES
204 X<array of hashes> X<AoH>
208 =item Declaration of an ARRAY OF HASHES
210 =item Generation of an ARRAY OF HASHES
212 =item Access and Printing of an ARRAY OF HASHES
216 =item HASHES OF HASHES
217 X<hass of hashes> X<HoH>
221 =item Declaration of a HASH OF HASHES
223 =item Generation of a HASH OF HASHES
225 =item Access and Printing of a HASH OF HASHES
229 =item MORE ELABORATE RECORDS
230 X<record> X<structure> X<struct>
234 =item Declaration of MORE ELABORATE RECORDS
236 =item Declaration of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS
238 =item Generation of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS
250 =head2 perllol - Manipulating Arrays of Arrays in Perl
258 =item Declaration and Access of Arrays of Arrays
260 =item Growing Your Own
262 =item Access and Printing
274 =head2 perlrequick - Perl regular expressions quick start
284 =item Simple word matching
286 =item Using character classes
288 =item Matching this or that
290 =item Grouping things and hierarchical matching
292 =item Extracting matches
294 =item Matching repetitions
298 =item Search and replace
300 =item The split operator
308 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
312 =item Acknowledgments
318 =head2 perlretut - Perl regular expressions tutorial
324 =item Part 1: The basics
328 =item Simple word matching
330 =item Using character classes
332 =item Matching this or that
334 =item Grouping things and hierarchical matching
336 =item Extracting matches
338 =item Matching repetitions
340 =item Building a regexp
342 =item Using regular expressions in Perl
346 =item Part 2: Power tools
350 =item More on characters, strings, and character classes
352 =item Compiling and saving regular expressions
354 =item Embedding comments and modifiers in a regular expression
356 =item Non-capturing groupings
358 =item Looking ahead and looking behind
360 =item Using independent subexpressions to prevent backtracking
362 =item Conditional expressions
364 =item A bit of magic: executing Perl code in a regular expression
366 =item Pragmas and debugging
374 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
378 =item Acknowledgments
384 =head2 perlboot - Beginner's Object-Oriented Tutorial
392 =item If we could talk to the animals...
394 =item Introducing the method invocation arrow
396 =item Invoking a barnyard
398 =item The extra parameter of method invocation
400 =item Calling a second method to simplify things
402 =item Inheriting the windpipes
404 =item A few notes about @ISA
406 =item Overriding the methods
408 =item Starting the search from a different place
410 =item The SUPER way of doing things
412 =item Where we're at so far...
414 =item A horse is a horse, of course of course -- or is it?
416 =item Invoking an instance method
418 =item Accessing the instance data
420 =item How to build a horse
422 =item Inheriting the constructor
424 =item Making a method work with either classes or instances
426 =item Adding parameters to a method
428 =item More interesting instances
430 =item A horse of a different color
442 =head2 perltoot - Tom's object-oriented tutorial for perl
448 =item Creating a Class
452 =item Object Representation
454 =item Class Interface
456 =item Constructors and Instance Methods
458 =item Planning for the Future: Better Constructors
462 =item Other Object Methods
470 =item Accessing Class Data
472 =item Debugging Methods
474 =item Class Destructors
476 =item Documenting the Interface
486 =item Overridden Methods
488 =item Multiple Inheritance
490 =item UNIVERSAL: The Root of All Objects
494 =item Alternate Object Representations
498 =item Arrays as Objects
500 =item Closures as Objects
504 =item AUTOLOAD: Proxy Methods
508 =item Autoloaded Data Methods
510 =item Inherited Autoloaded Data Methods
514 =item Metaclassical Tools
520 =item Data Members as Variables
528 =item Object Terminology
534 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
540 =item Acknowledgments
546 =head2 perltooc - Tom's OO Tutorial for Class Data in Perl
552 =item Class Data in a Can
554 =item Class Data as Package Variables
558 =item Putting All Your Eggs in One Basket
560 =item Inheritance Concerns
562 =item The Eponymous Meta-Object
564 =item Indirect References to Class Data
566 =item Monadic Classes
568 =item Translucent Attributes
572 =item Class Data as Lexical Variables
576 =item Privacy and Responsibility
578 =item File-Scoped Lexicals
580 =item More Inheritance Concerns
582 =item Locking the Door and Throwing Away the Key
584 =item Translucency Revisited
592 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
594 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
600 =head2 perlbot - Bag'o Object Tricks (the BOT)
606 =item OO SCALING TIPS
608 =item INSTANCE VARIABLES
610 =item SCALAR INSTANCE VARIABLES
612 =item INSTANCE VARIABLE INHERITANCE
614 =item OBJECT RELATIONSHIPS
616 =item OVERRIDING SUPERCLASS METHODS
618 =item USING RELATIONSHIP WITH SDBM
620 =item THINKING OF CODE REUSE
622 =item CLASS CONTEXT AND THE OBJECT
624 =item INHERITING A CONSTRUCTOR
632 =head2 perlstyle - Perl style guide
640 =head2 perlcheat - Perl 5 Cheat Sheet
652 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
660 =head2 perltrap - Perl traps for the unwary
678 =item Perl4 to Perl5 Traps
680 Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps, Parsing Traps, Numerical
681 Traps, General data type traps, Context Traps - scalar, list contexts,
682 Precedence Traps, General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc,
683 Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps, OS Traps, DBM Traps, Unclassified Traps
685 =item Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps
687 Symbols starting with "_" no longer forced into main, Double-colon valid
688 package separator in variable name, 2nd and 3rd args to C<splice()> are now
689 in scalar context, Can't do C<goto> into a block that is optimized away,
690 Can't use whitespace as variable name or quote delimiter, C<while/if BLOCK
691 BLOCK> gone, C<**> binds tighter than unary minus, C<foreach> changed when
692 iterating over a list, C<split> with no args behavior changed, B<-e>
693 behavior fixed, C<push> returns number of elements in resulting list, Some
694 error messages differ, C<split()> honors subroutine args, Bugs removed
698 Space between . and = triggers syntax error, Better parsing in perl 5,
699 Function parsing, String interpolation of C<$#array> differs, Perl guesses
700 on C<map>, C<grep> followed by C<{> if it starts BLOCK or hash ref
702 =item Numerical Traps
704 Formatted output and significant digits, Auto-increment operator over
705 signed int limit deleted, Assignment of return values from numeric equality
706 tests doesn't work, Bitwise string ops
708 =item General data type traps
710 Negative array subscripts now count from the end of array, Setting
711 C<$#array> lower now discards array elements, Hashes get defined before
712 use, Glob assignment from localized variable to variable, Assigning
713 C<undef> to glob, Changes in unary negation (of strings), Modifying of
714 constants prohibited, C<defined $var> behavior changed, Variable Suicide
716 =item Context Traps - scalar, list contexts
718 Elements of argument lists for formats evaluated in list context,
719 C<caller()> returns false value in scalar context if no caller present,
720 Comma operator in scalar context gives scalar context to args, C<sprintf()>
721 prototyped as C<($;@)>
723 =item Precedence Traps
725 LHS vs. RHS of any assignment operator, Semantic errors introduced due to
726 precedence, Precedence of assignment operators same as the precedence of
727 assignment, C<open> requires parentheses around filehandle, C<$:>
728 precedence over C<$::> gone, Precedence of file test operators documented,
729 C<keys>, C<each>, C<values> are regular named unary operators
731 =item General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc.
733 C<s'$lhs'$rhs'> interpolates on either side, C<m//g> attaches its state to
734 the searched string, C<m//o> used within an anonymous sub, C<$+> isn't set
735 to whole match, Substitution now returns null string if it fails,
736 C<s`lhs`rhs`> is now a normal substitution, Stricter parsing of variables
737 in regular expressions, C<m?x?> matches only once, Failed matches don't
738 reset the match variables
740 =item Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps
742 Barewords that used to look like strings look like subroutine calls,
743 Reverse is no longer allowed as the name of a sort subroutine, C<warn()>
744 won't let you specify a filehandle
748 SysV resets signal handler correctly, SysV C<seek()> appends correctly
750 =item Interpolation Traps
752 C<@> always interpolates an array in double-quotish strings, Double-quoted
753 strings may no longer end with an unescaped $, Arbitrary expressions are
754 evaluated inside braces within double quotes, C<$$x> now tries to
755 dereference $x, Creation of hashes on the fly with C<eval "EXPR"> requires
756 protection, Bugs in earlier perl versions, Array and hash brackets during
757 interpolation, Interpolation of C<\$$foo{bar}>, C<qq()> string passed to
758 C<eval> will not find string terminator
762 Perl5 must have been linked with same dbm/ndbm as the default for
763 C<dbmopen()>, DBM exceeding limit on the key/value size will cause perl5 to
766 =item Unclassified Traps
768 C<require>/C<do> trap using returned value, C<split> on empty string with
775 =head2 perldebtut - Perl debugging tutorial
783 =item Looking at data and -w and v
787 =item Stepping through code
789 =item Placeholder for a, w, t, T
791 =item REGULAR EXPRESSIONS
809 =head2 perlfaq - frequently asked questions about Perl
817 =item Where to get the perlfaq
819 =item How to contribute to the perlfaq
821 =item What will happen if you mail your Perl programming problems to the
828 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
830 =item Table of Contents
832 perlfaq - this document, perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl, perlfaq2
833 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl, perlfaq3 - Programming Tools, perlfaq4
834 - Data Manipulation, perlfaq5 - Files and Formats, perlfaq6 - Regular
835 Expressions, perlfaq7 - General Perl Language Issues, perlfaq8 - System
836 Interaction, perlfaq9 - Networking
842 =item L<perlfaq1>: General Questions About Perl
844 =item L<perlfaq2>: Obtaining and Learning about Perl
846 =item L<perlfaq3>: Programming Tools
848 =item L<perlfaq4>: Data Manipulation
850 =item L<perlfaq5>: Files and Formats
852 =item L<perlfaq6>: Regular Expressions
854 =item L<perlfaq7>: General Perl Language Issues
856 =item L<perlfaq8>: System Interaction
858 =item L<perlfaq9>: Networking
864 =head2 perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl ($Revision: 1.19 $, $Date:
865 2005/12/31 00:54:37 $)
875 =item Who supports Perl? Who develops it? Why is it free?
877 =item Which version of Perl should I use?
879 =item What are perl4, perl5, or perl6?
885 =item How stable is Perl?
887 =item Is Perl difficult to learn?
889 =item How does Perl compare with other languages like Java, Python, REXX,
892 =item Can I do [task] in Perl?
894 =item When shouldn't I program in Perl?
896 =item What's the difference between "perl" and "Perl"?
898 =item Is it a Perl program or a Perl script?
900 =item What is a JAPH?
902 =item Where can I get a list of Larry Wall witticisms?
904 =item How can I convince my sysadmin/supervisor/employees to use version
905 5/5.6.1/Perl instead of some other language?
909 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
913 =head2 perlfaq2 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl ($Revision: 1.39 $,
914 $Date: 2006/01/08 14:27:07 $)
922 =item What machines support perl? Where do I get it?
924 =item How can I get a binary version of perl?
926 =item I don't have a C compiler. How can I build my own Perl interpreter?
928 =item I copied the perl binary from one machine to another, but scripts
931 =item I grabbed the sources and tried to compile but gdbm/dynamic
932 loading/malloc/linking/... failed. How do I make it work?
934 =item What modules and extensions are available for Perl? What is CPAN?
935 What does CPAN/src/... mean?
937 =item Is there an ISO or ANSI certified version of Perl?
939 =item Where can I get information on Perl?
941 =item What are the Perl newsgroups on Usenet? Where do I post questions?
943 =item Where should I post source code?
947 References, Tutorials, Task-Oriented, Special Topics
949 =item Which magazines have Perl content?
951 =item What mailing lists are there for Perl?
953 =item Where are the archives for comp.lang.perl.misc?
955 =item Where can I buy a commercial version of perl?
957 =item Where do I send bug reports?
959 =item What is perl.com? Perl Mongers? pm.org? perl.org? cpan.org?
963 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
967 =head2 perlfaq3 - Programming Tools ($Revision: 1.56 $, $Date: 2005/12/31
976 =item How do I do (anything)?
978 =item How can I use Perl interactively?
980 =item Is there a Perl shell?
982 =item How do I find which modules are installed on my system?
984 =item How do I debug my Perl programs?
986 =item How do I profile my Perl programs?
988 =item How do I cross-reference my Perl programs?
990 =item Is there a pretty-printer (formatter) for Perl?
992 =item Is there a ctags for Perl?
994 =item Is there an IDE or Windows Perl Editor?
996 Eclipse, Enginsite, Komodo, Open Perl IDE, OptiPerl, PerlBuilder,
997 visiPerl+, Visual Perl, Zeus, GNU Emacs, MicroEMACS, XEmacs, Jed, Elvis,
998 Vile, Vim, Codewright, MultiEdit, SlickEdit, Bash, Ksh, Tcsh, Zsh, Affrus,
999 Alpha, BBEdit and BBEdit Lite
1001 =item Where can I get Perl macros for vi?
1003 =item Where can I get perl-mode for emacs?
1005 =item How can I use curses with Perl?
1007 =item How can I use X or Tk with Perl?
1009 =item How can I make my Perl program run faster?
1011 =item How can I make my Perl program take less memory?
1013 Don't slurp!, Use map and grep selectively, Avoid unnecessary quotes and
1014 stringification, Pass by reference, Tie large variables to disk
1016 =item Is it safe to return a reference to local or lexical data?
1018 =item How can I free an array or hash so my program shrinks?
1020 =item How can I make my CGI script more efficient?
1022 =item How can I hide the source for my Perl program?
1024 =item How can I compile my Perl program into byte code or C?
1026 =item How can I compile Perl into Java?
1028 =item How can I get C<#!perl> to work on [MS-DOS,NT,...]?
1030 =item Can I write useful Perl programs on the command line?
1032 =item Why don't Perl one-liners work on my DOS/Mac/VMS system?
1034 =item Where can I learn about CGI or Web programming in Perl?
1036 =item Where can I learn about object-oriented Perl programming?
1038 =item Where can I learn about linking C with Perl?
1040 =item I've read perlembed, perlguts, etc., but I can't embed perl in my C
1041 program; what am I doing wrong?
1043 =item When I tried to run my script, I got this message. What does it mean?
1045 =item What's MakeMaker?
1049 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1053 =head2 perlfaq4 - Data Manipulation ($Revision: 1.73 $, $Date: 2005/12/31
1064 =item Why am I getting long decimals (eg, 19.9499999999999) instead of the
1065 numbers I should be getting (eg, 19.95)?
1067 =item Why is int() broken?
1069 =item Why isn't my octal data interpreted correctly?
1071 =item Does Perl have a round() function? What about ceil() and floor()?
1074 =item How do I convert between numeric representations/bases/radixes?
1076 How do I convert hexadecimal into decimal, How do I convert from decimal to
1077 hexadecimal, How do I convert from octal to decimal, How do I convert from
1078 decimal to octal, How do I convert from binary to decimal, How do I convert
1079 from decimal to binary
1081 =item Why doesn't & work the way I want it to?
1083 =item How do I multiply matrices?
1085 =item How do I perform an operation on a series of integers?
1087 =item How can I output Roman numerals?
1089 =item Why aren't my random numbers random?
1091 =item How do I get a random number between X and Y?
1099 =item How do I find the day or week of the year?
1101 =item How do I find the current century or millennium?
1103 =item How can I compare two dates and find the difference?
1105 =item How can I take a string and turn it into epoch seconds?
1107 =item How can I find the Julian Day?
1109 =item How do I find yesterday's date?
1111 =item Does Perl have a Year 2000 problem? Is Perl Y2K compliant?
1119 =item How do I validate input?
1121 =item How do I unescape a string?
1123 =item How do I remove consecutive pairs of characters?
1125 =item How do I expand function calls in a string?
1127 =item How do I find matching/nesting anything?
1129 =item How do I reverse a string?
1131 =item How do I expand tabs in a string?
1133 =item How do I reformat a paragraph?
1135 =item How can I access or change N characters of a string?
1137 =item How do I change the Nth occurrence of something?
1139 =item How can I count the number of occurrences of a substring within a
1142 =item How do I capitalize all the words on one line?
1144 =item How can I split a [character] delimited string except when inside
1147 =item How do I strip blank space from the beginning/end of a string?
1149 =item How do I pad a string with blanks or pad a number with zeroes?
1151 =item How do I extract selected columns from a string?
1153 =item How do I find the soundex value of a string?
1155 =item How can I expand variables in text strings?
1157 =item What's wrong with always quoting "$vars"?
1159 =item Why don't my E<lt>E<lt>HERE documents work?
1161 There must be no space after the E<lt>E<lt> part, There (probably) should
1162 be a semicolon at the end, You can't (easily) have any space in front of
1171 =item What is the difference between a list and an array?
1173 =item What is the difference between $array[1] and @array[1]?
1175 =item How can I remove duplicate elements from a list or array?
1177 =item How can I tell whether a certain element is contained in a list or
1180 =item How do I compute the difference of two arrays? How do I compute the
1181 intersection of two arrays?
1183 =item How do I test whether two arrays or hashes are equal?
1185 =item How do I find the first array element for which a condition is true?
1187 =item How do I handle linked lists?
1189 =item How do I handle circular lists?
1191 =item How do I shuffle an array randomly?
1193 =item How do I process/modify each element of an array?
1195 =item How do I select a random element from an array?
1197 =item How do I permute N elements of a list?
1199 =item How do I sort an array by (anything)?
1201 =item How do I manipulate arrays of bits?
1203 =item Why does defined() return true on empty arrays and hashes?
1207 =item Data: Hashes (Associative Arrays)
1211 =item How do I process an entire hash?
1213 =item What happens if I add or remove keys from a hash while iterating over
1216 =item How do I look up a hash element by value?
1218 =item How can I know how many entries are in a hash?
1220 =item How do I sort a hash (optionally by value instead of key)?
1222 =item How can I always keep my hash sorted?
1224 =item What's the difference between "delete" and "undef" with hashes?
1226 =item Why don't my tied hashes make the defined/exists distinction?
1228 =item How do I reset an each() operation part-way through?
1230 =item How can I get the unique keys from two hashes?
1232 =item How can I store a multidimensional array in a DBM file?
1234 =item How can I make my hash remember the order I put elements into it?
1236 =item Why does passing a subroutine an undefined element in a hash create
1239 =item How can I make the Perl equivalent of a C structure/C++ class/hash or
1240 array of hashes or arrays?
1242 =item How can I use a reference as a hash key?
1250 =item How do I handle binary data correctly?
1252 =item How do I determine whether a scalar is a number/whole/integer/float?
1254 =item How do I keep persistent data across program calls?
1256 =item How do I print out or copy a recursive data structure?
1258 =item How do I define methods for every class/object?
1260 =item How do I verify a credit card checksum?
1262 =item How do I pack arrays of doubles or floats for XS code?
1266 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1270 =head2 perlfaq5 - Files and Formats ($Revision: 1.42 $, $Date: 2005/12/31
1279 =item How do I flush/unbuffer an output filehandle? Why must I do this?
1280 X<flush> X<buffer> X<unbuffer> X<autoflush>
1282 =item How do I change one line in a file/delete a line in a file/insert a
1283 line in the middle of a file/append to the beginning of a file?
1286 =item How do I count the number of lines in a file?
1287 X<file, counting lines> X<lines> X<line>
1289 =item How can I use Perl's C<-i> option from within a program?
1292 =item How can I copy a file?
1293 X<copy> X<file, copy>
1295 =item How do I make a temporary file name?
1298 =item How can I manipulate fixed-record-length files?
1299 X<fixed-length> X<file, fixed-length records>
1301 =item How can I make a filehandle local to a subroutine? How do I pass
1302 filehandles between subroutines? How do I make an array of filehandles?
1303 X<filehandle, local> X<filehandle, passing> X<filehandle, reference>
1305 =item How can I use a filehandle indirectly?
1306 X<filehandle, indirect>
1308 =item How can I set up a footer format to be used with write()?
1311 =item How can I write() into a string?
1312 X<write, into a string>
1314 =item How can I output my numbers with commas added?
1317 =item How can I translate tildes (~) in a filename?
1318 X<tilde> X<tilde expansion>
1320 =item How come when I open a file read-write it wipes it out?
1321 X<clobber> X<read-write> X<clobbering> X<truncate> X<truncating>
1323 =item Why do I sometimes get an "Argument list too long" when I use
1325 X<argument list too long>
1327 =item Is there a leak/bug in glob()?
1330 =item How can I open a file with a leading ">" or trailing blanks?
1331 X<filename, special characters>
1333 =item How can I reliably rename a file?
1334 X<rename> X<mv> X<move> X<file, rename> X<ren>
1336 =item How can I lock a file?
1337 X<lock> X<file, lock> X<flock>
1339 =item Why can't I just open(FH, "E<gt>file.lock")?
1340 X<lock, lockfile race condition>
1342 =item I still don't get locking. I just want to increment the number in
1343 the file. How can I do this?
1344 X<counter> X<file, counter>
1346 =item All I want to do is append a small amount of text to the end of a
1347 file. Do I still have to use locking?
1348 X<append> X<file, append>
1350 =item How do I randomly update a binary file?
1351 X<file, binary patch>
1353 =item How do I get a file's timestamp in perl?
1354 X<timestamp> X<file, timestamp>
1356 =item How do I set a file's timestamp in perl?
1357 X<timestamp> X<file, timestamp>
1359 =item How do I print to more than one file at once?
1360 X<print, to multiple files>
1362 =item How can I read in an entire file all at once?
1363 X<slurp> X<file, slurping>
1365 =item How can I read in a file by paragraphs?
1366 X<file, reading by paragraphs>
1368 =item How can I read a single character from a file? From the keyboard?
1369 X<getc> X<file, reading one character at a time>
1371 =item How can I tell whether there's a character waiting on a filehandle?
1373 =item How do I do a C<tail -f> in perl?
1376 =item How do I dup() a filehandle in Perl?
1379 =item How do I close a file descriptor by number?
1380 X<file, closing file descriptors>
1382 =item Why can't I use "C:\temp\foo" in DOS paths? Why doesn't
1383 `C:\temp\foo.exe` work?
1384 X<filename, DOS issues>
1386 =item Why doesn't glob("*.*") get all the files?
1389 =item Why does Perl let me delete read-only files? Why does C<-i> clobber
1390 protected files? Isn't this a bug in Perl?
1392 =item How do I select a random line from a file?
1393 X<file, selecting a random line>
1395 =item Why do I get weird spaces when I print an array of lines?
1399 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1403 =head2 perlfaq6 - Regular Expressions ($Revision: 1.38 $, $Date: 2005/12/31
1412 =item How can I hope to use regular expressions without creating illegible
1413 and unmaintainable code?
1414 X<regex, legibility> X<regexp, legibility>
1415 X<regular expression, legibility> X</x>
1417 Comments Outside the Regex, Comments Inside the Regex, Different Delimiters
1419 =item I'm having trouble matching over more than one line. What's wrong?
1420 X<regex, multiline> X<regexp, multiline> X<regular expression, multiline>
1422 =item How can I pull out lines between two patterns that are themselves on
1426 =item I put a regular expression into $/ but it didn't work. What's wrong?
1427 X<$/, regexes in> X<$INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, regexes in>
1430 =item How do I substitute case insensitively on the LHS while preserving
1432 X<replace, case preserving> X<substitute, case preserving>
1433 X<substitution, case preserving> X<s, case preserving>
1435 =item How can I make C<\w> match national character sets?
1438 =item How can I match a locale-smart version of C</[a-zA-Z]/>?
1441 =item How can I quote a variable to use in a regex?
1442 X<regex, escaping> X<regexp, escaping> X<regular expression, escaping>
1444 =item What is C</o> really for?
1447 =item How do I use a regular expression to strip C style comments from a
1450 =item Can I use Perl regular expressions to match balanced text?
1451 X<regex, matching balanced test> X<regexp, matching balanced test>
1452 X<regular expression, matching balanced test>
1454 =item What does it mean that regexes are greedy? How can I get around it?
1455 X<greedy> X<greediness>
1457 =item How do I process each word on each line?
1460 =item How can I print out a word-frequency or line-frequency summary?
1462 =item How can I do approximate matching?
1463 X<match, approximate> X<matching, approximate>
1465 =item How do I efficiently match many regular expressions at once?
1466 X<regex, efficiency> X<regexp, efficiency>
1467 X<regular expression, efficiency>
1469 =item Why don't word-boundary searches with C<\b> work for me?
1472 =item Why does using $&, $`, or $' slow my program down?
1473 X<$MATCH> X<$&> X<$POSTMATCH> X<$'> X<$PREMATCH> X<$`>
1475 =item What good is C<\G> in a regular expression?
1478 =item Are Perl regexes DFAs or NFAs? Are they POSIX compliant?
1479 X<DFA> X<NFA> X<POSIX>
1481 =item What's wrong with using grep in a void context?
1484 =item How can I match strings with multibyte characters?
1485 X<regex, and multibyte characters> X<regexp, and multibyte characters>
1486 X<regular expression, and multibyte characters>
1488 =item How do I match a pattern that is supplied by the user?
1492 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1496 =head2 perlfaq7 - General Perl Language Issues ($Revision: 1.28 $, $Date:
1497 2005/12/31 00:54:37 $)
1505 =item Can I get a BNF/yacc/RE for the Perl language?
1507 =item What are all these $@%&* punctuation signs, and how do I know when to
1510 =item Do I always/never have to quote my strings or use semicolons and
1513 =item How do I skip some return values?
1515 =item How do I temporarily block warnings?
1517 =item What's an extension?
1519 =item Why do Perl operators have different precedence than C operators?
1521 =item How do I declare/create a structure?
1523 =item How do I create a module?
1525 =item How do I create a class?
1527 =item How can I tell if a variable is tainted?
1529 =item What's a closure?
1531 =item What is variable suicide and how can I prevent it?
1533 =item How can I pass/return a {Function, FileHandle, Array, Hash, Method,
1536 Passing Variables and Functions, Passing Filehandles, Passing Regexes,
1539 =item How do I create a static variable?
1541 =item What's the difference between dynamic and lexical (static) scoping?
1542 Between local() and my()?
1544 =item How can I access a dynamic variable while a similarly named lexical
1547 =item What's the difference between deep and shallow binding?
1549 =item Why doesn't "my($foo) = E<lt>FILEE<gt>;" work right?
1551 =item How do I redefine a builtin function, operator, or method?
1553 =item What's the difference between calling a function as &foo and foo()?
1555 =item How do I create a switch or case statement?
1557 =item How can I catch accesses to undefined variables, functions, or
1560 =item Why can't a method included in this same file be found?
1562 =item How can I find out my current package?
1564 =item How can I comment out a large block of perl code?
1566 =item How do I clear a package?
1568 =item How can I use a variable as a variable name?
1570 =item What does "bad interpreter" mean?
1574 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1578 =head2 perlfaq8 - System Interaction ($Revision: 1.27 $, $Date: 2005/12/31
1587 =item How do I find out which operating system I'm running under?
1589 =item How come exec() doesn't return?
1591 =item How do I do fancy stuff with the keyboard/screen/mouse?
1593 Keyboard, Screen, Mouse
1595 =item How do I print something out in color?
1597 =item How do I read just one key without waiting for a return key?
1599 =item How do I check whether input is ready on the keyboard?
1601 =item How do I clear the screen?
1603 =item How do I get the screen size?
1605 =item How do I ask the user for a password?
1607 =item How do I read and write the serial port?
1609 lockfiles, open mode, end of line, flushing output, non-blocking input
1611 =item How do I decode encrypted password files?
1613 =item How do I start a process in the background?
1615 STDIN, STDOUT, and STDERR are shared, Signals, Zombies
1617 =item How do I trap control characters/signals?
1619 =item How do I modify the shadow password file on a Unix system?
1621 =item How do I set the time and date?
1623 =item How can I sleep() or alarm() for under a second?
1625 =item How can I measure time under a second?
1627 =item How can I do an atexit() or setjmp()/longjmp()? (Exception handling)
1629 =item Why doesn't my sockets program work under System V (Solaris)? What
1630 does the error message "Protocol not supported" mean?
1632 =item How can I call my system's unique C functions from Perl?
1634 =item Where do I get the include files to do ioctl() or syscall()?
1636 =item Why do setuid perl scripts complain about kernel problems?
1638 =item How can I open a pipe both to and from a command?
1640 =item Why can't I get the output of a command with system()?
1642 =item How can I capture STDERR from an external command?
1644 =item Why doesn't open() return an error when a pipe open fails?
1646 =item What's wrong with using backticks in a void context?
1648 =item How can I call backticks without shell processing?
1650 =item Why can't my script read from STDIN after I gave it EOF (^D on Unix,
1653 =item How can I convert my shell script to perl?
1655 =item Can I use perl to run a telnet or ftp session?
1657 =item How can I write expect in Perl?
1659 =item Is there a way to hide perl's command line from programs such as
1662 =item I {changed directory, modified my environment} in a perl script. How
1663 come the change disappeared when I exited the script? How do I get my
1664 changes to be visible?
1668 =item How do I close a process's filehandle without waiting for it to
1671 =item How do I fork a daemon process?
1673 =item How do I find out if I'm running interactively or not?
1675 =item How do I timeout a slow event?
1677 =item How do I set CPU limits?
1679 =item How do I avoid zombies on a Unix system?
1681 =item How do I use an SQL database?
1683 =item How do I make a system() exit on control-C?
1685 =item How do I open a file without blocking?
1687 =item How do I tell the difference between errors from the shell and perl?
1689 =item How do I install a module from CPAN?
1691 =item What's the difference between require and use?
1693 =item How do I keep my own module/library directory?
1695 =item How do I add the directory my program lives in to the module/library
1698 =item How do I add a directory to my include path (@INC) at runtime?
1700 =item What is socket.ph and where do I get it?
1704 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1708 =head2 perlfaq9 - Networking ($Revision: 1.28 $, $Date: 2005/12/31 00:54:37
1717 =item What is the correct form of response from a CGI script?
1719 =item My CGI script runs from the command line but not the browser. (500
1722 =item How can I get better error messages from a CGI program?
1724 =item How do I remove HTML from a string?
1726 =item How do I extract URLs?
1728 =item How do I download a file from the user's machine? How do I open a
1729 file on another machine?
1731 =item How do I make a pop-up menu in HTML?
1733 =item How do I fetch an HTML file?
1735 =item How do I automate an HTML form submission?
1737 =item How do I decode or create those %-encodings on the web?
1739 =item How do I redirect to another page?
1741 =item How do I put a password on my web pages?
1743 =item How do I edit my .htpasswd and .htgroup files with Perl?
1745 =item How do I make sure users can't enter values into a form that cause my
1746 CGI script to do bad things?
1748 =item How do I parse a mail header?
1750 =item How do I decode a CGI form?
1752 =item How do I check a valid mail address?
1754 =item How do I decode a MIME/BASE64 string?
1756 =item How do I return the user's mail address?
1758 =item How do I send mail?
1760 =item How do I use MIME to make an attachment to a mail message?
1762 =item How do I read mail?
1764 =item How do I find out my hostname, domainname, or IP address?
1765 X<hostname, domainname, IP address, host, domain, hostfqdn, inet_ntoa,
1766 gethostbyname, Socket, Net::Domain, Sys::Hostname>
1768 =item How do I fetch a news article or the active newsgroups?
1770 =item How do I fetch/put an FTP file?
1772 =item How can I do RPC in Perl?
1776 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1780 =head2 perlsyn - Perl syntax
1789 X<declaration> X<undef> X<undefined> X<uninitialized>
1794 =item Simple Statements
1795 X<statement> X<semicolon> X<expression> X<;>
1797 =item Truth and Falsehood
1798 X<truth> X<falsehood> X<true> X<false> X<!> X<not> X<negation> X<0>
1800 =item Statement Modifiers
1801 X<statement modifier> X<modifier> X<if> X<unless> X<while>
1802 X<until> X<foreach> X<for>
1804 =item Compound Statements
1805 X<statement, compound> X<block> X<bracket, curly> X<curly bracket> X<brace>
1806 X<{> X<}> X<if> X<unless> X<while> X<until> X<foreach> X<for> X<continue>
1809 X<loop control> X<loop, control> X<next> X<last> X<redo> X<continue>
1820 =item Switch statements
1821 X<switch> X<case> X<given> X<when> X<default>
1828 =item PODs: Embedded Documentation
1829 X<POD> X<documentation>
1831 =item Plain Old Comments (Not!)
1832 X<comment> X<line> X<#> X<preprocessor> X<eval>
1838 =head2 perldata - Perl data types
1846 =item Variable names
1847 X<variable, name> X<variable name> X<data type> X<type>
1850 X<context> X<scalar context> X<list context>
1853 X<scalar> X<number> X<string> X<reference>
1855 =item Scalar value constructors
1856 X<scalar, literal> X<scalar, constant>
1858 =item List value constructors
1864 X<slice> X<array, slice> X<hash, slice>
1866 =item Typeglobs and Filehandles
1867 X<typeglob> X<filehandle> X<*>
1875 =head2 perlop - Perl operators and precedence
1883 =item Operator Precedence and Associativity
1884 X<operator, precedence> X<precedence> X<associativity>
1886 =item Terms and List Operators (Leftward)
1887 X<list operator> X<operator, list> X<term>
1889 =item The Arrow Operator
1890 X<arrow> X<dereference> X<< -> >>
1892 =item Auto-increment and Auto-decrement
1893 X<increment> X<auto-increment> X<++> X<decrement> X<auto-decrement> X<-->
1895 =item Exponentiation
1896 X<**> X<exponentiation> X<power>
1898 =item Symbolic Unary Operators
1899 X<unary operator> X<operator, unary>
1901 =item Binding Operators
1902 X<binding> X<operator, binding> X<=~> X<!~>
1904 =item Multiplicative Operators
1905 X<operator, multiplicative>
1907 =item Additive Operators
1908 X<operator, additive>
1910 =item Shift Operators
1911 X<shift operator> X<operator, shift> X<<< << >>>
1912 X<<< >> >>> X<right shift> X<left shift> X<bitwise shift>
1913 X<shl> X<shr> X<shift, right> X<shift, left>
1915 =item Named Unary Operators
1916 X<operator, named unary>
1918 =item Relational Operators
1919 X<relational operator> X<operator, relational>
1921 =item Equality Operators
1922 X<equality> X<equal> X<equals> X<operator, equality>
1925 X<operator, bitwise, and> X<bitwise and> X<&>
1927 =item Bitwise Or and Exclusive Or
1928 X<operator, bitwise, or> X<bitwise or> X<|> X<operator, bitwise, xor>
1931 =item C-style Logical And
1932 X<&&> X<logical and> X<operator, logical, and>
1934 =item C-style Logical Or
1935 X<||> X<operator, logical, or>
1937 =item C-style Logical Defined-Or
1938 X<//> X<operator, logical, defined-or>
1940 =item Range Operators
1941 X<operator, range> X<range> X<..> X<...>
1943 =item Conditional Operator
1944 X<operator, conditional> X<operator, ternary> X<ternary> X<?:>
1946 =item Assignment Operators
1947 X<assignment> X<operator, assignment> X<=> X<**=> X<+=> X<*=> X<&=>
1948 X<<< <<= >>> X<&&=> X<-=> X</=> X<|=> X<<< >>= >>> X<||=> X<//=> X<.=>
1951 =item Comma Operator
1952 X<comma> X<operator, comma> X<,>
1954 =item List Operators (Rightward)
1955 X<operator, list, rightward> X<list operator>
1958 X<operator, logical, not> X<not>
1961 X<operator, logical, and> X<and>
1963 =item Logical or, Defined or, and Exclusive Or
1964 X<operator, logical, or> X<operator, logical, xor> X<operator, logical,
1966 X<operator, logical, defined or> X<operator, logical, exclusive or>
1969 =item C Operators Missing From Perl
1970 X<operator, missing from perl> X<&> X<*>
1971 X<typecasting> X<(TYPE)>
1973 unary &, unary *, (TYPE)
1975 =item Quote and Quote-like Operators
1976 X<operator, quote> X<operator, quote-like> X<q> X<qq> X<qx> X<qw> X<m>
1977 X<qr> X<s> X<tr> X<'> X<''> X<"> X<""> X<//> X<`> X<``> X<<< << >>>
1978 X<escape sequence> X<escape>
1980 =item Regexp Quote-Like Operators
1983 ?PATTERN? X<?>, m/PATTERN/cgimosx X<m> X<operator, match> X<regexp,
1984 options> X<regexp> X<regex, options> X<regex> X</c> X</i> X</m> X</o>
1985 X</s> X</x>, /PATTERN/cgimosx, q/STRING/ X<q> X<quote, double> X<'> X<''>,
1986 C<'STRING'>, qq/STRING/ X<qq> X<quote, double> X<"> X<"">, "STRING",
1987 qr/STRING/imosx X<qr> X</i> X</m> X</o> X</s> X</x>, qx/STRING/ X<qx> X<`>
1988 X<``> X<backtick>, `STRING`, qw/STRING/ X<qw> X<quote, list> X<quote,
1989 words>, s/PATTERN/REPLACEMENT/egimosx X<substitute> X<substitution>
1990 X<replace> X<regexp, replace> X<regexp, substitute> X</e> X</g> X</i> X</m>
1991 X</o> X</s> X</x>, tr/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds X<tr> X<y>
1992 X<transliterate> X</c> X</d> X</s>, y/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds, <<EOF
1993 X<here-doc> X<heredoc> X<here-document> X<<< << >>>
1995 =item Gory details of parsing quoted constructs
1996 X<quote, gory details>
1998 Finding the end, Removal of backslashes before delimiters, Interpolation
1999 X<interpolation>, C<<<'EOF'>, C<m''>, C<s'''>, C<tr///>, C<y///>, C<''>,
2000 C<q//>, C<"">, C<``>, C<qq//>, C<qx//>, C<< <file*glob> >>, C<?RE?>,
2001 C</RE/>, C<m/RE/>, C<s/RE/foo/>,, Interpolation of regular expressions
2002 X<regexp, interpolation>, Optimization of regular expressions X<regexp,
2006 X<operator, i/o> X<operator, io> X<io> X<while> X<filehandle>
2009 =item Constant Folding
2010 X<constant folding> X<folding>
2015 =item Bitwise String Operators
2016 X<operator, bitwise, string>
2018 =item Integer Arithmetic
2021 =item Floating-point Arithmetic
2022 X<floating-point> X<floating point> X<float> X<real>
2024 =item Bigger Numbers
2025 X<number, arbitrary precision>
2031 =head2 perlsub - Perl subroutines
2041 =item Private Variables via my()
2042 X<my> X<variable, lexical> X<lexical> X<lexical variable> X<scope, lexical>
2043 X<lexical scope> X<attributes, my>
2045 =item Persistent Private Variables
2046 X<static> X<variable, persistent> X<variable, static> X<closure>
2048 =item Temporary Values via local()
2049 X<local> X<scope, dynamic> X<dynamic scope> X<variable, local>
2050 X<variable, temporary>
2052 =item Lvalue subroutines
2053 X<lvalue> X<subroutine, lvalue>
2055 Lvalue subroutines are EXPERIMENTAL
2057 =item Passing Symbol Table Entries (typeglobs)
2060 =item When to Still Use local()
2061 X<local> X<variable, local>
2063 =item Pass by Reference
2064 X<pass by reference> X<pass-by-reference> X<reference>
2067 X<prototype> X<subroutine, prototype>
2069 =item Constant Functions
2072 =item Overriding Built-in Functions
2073 X<built-in> X<override> X<CORE> X<CORE::GLOBAL>
2076 X<autoloading> X<AUTOLOAD>
2078 =item Subroutine Attributes
2079 X<attribute> X<subroutine, attribute> X<attrs>
2087 =head2 perlfunc - Perl builtin functions
2095 =item Perl Functions by Category
2098 Functions for SCALARs or strings X<scalar> X<string> X<character>, Regular
2099 expressions and pattern matching X<regular expression> X<regex> X<regexp>,
2100 Numeric functions X<numeric> X<number> X<trigonometric> X<trigonometry>,
2101 Functions for real @ARRAYs X<array>, Functions for list data X<list>,
2102 Functions for real %HASHes X<hash>, Input and output functions X<I/O>
2103 X<input> X<output> X<dbm>, Functions for fixed length data or records,
2104 Functions for filehandles, files, or directories X<file> X<filehandle>
2105 X<directory> X<pipe> X<link> X<symlink>, Keywords related to the control
2106 flow of your Perl program X<control flow>, Keywords related to switch,
2107 Keywords related to scoping, Miscellaneous functions, Functions for
2108 processes and process groups X<process> X<pid> X<process id>, Keywords
2109 related to perl modules X<module>, Keywords related to classes and
2110 object-orientedness X<object> X<class> X<package>, Low-level socket
2111 functions X<socket> X<sock>, System V interprocess communication functions
2112 X<IPC> X<System V> X<semaphore> X<shared memory> X<memory> X<message>,
2113 Fetching user and group info X<user> X<group> X<password> X<uid> X<gid>
2114 X<passwd> X</etc/passwd>, Fetching network info X<network> X<protocol>
2115 X<host> X<hostname> X<IP> X<address> X<service>, Time-related functions
2116 X<time> X<date>, Functions new in perl5 X<perl5>, Functions obsoleted in
2120 X<portability> X<Unix> X<portable>
2122 =item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions
2125 X<-r>X<-w>X<-x>X<-o>X<-R>X<-W>X<-X>X<-O>X<-e>X<-z>X<-s>X<-f>X<-d>X<-l>X<-p>
2126 X<-S>X<-b>X<-c>X<-t>X<-u>X<-g>X<-k>X<-T>X<-B>X<-M>X<-A>X<-C>, -I<X> EXPR,
2127 -I<X>, abs VALUE X<abs> X<absolute>, abs, accept NEWSOCKET,GENERICSOCKET
2128 X<accept>, alarm SECONDS X<alarm> X<SIGALRM> X<timer>, alarm, atan2 Y,X
2129 X<atan2> X<arctangent> X<tan> X<tangent>, bind SOCKET,NAME X<bind>, binmode
2130 FILEHANDLE, LAYER X<binmode> X<binary> X<text> X<DOS> X<Windows>, binmode
2131 FILEHANDLE, bless REF,CLASSNAME X<bless>, bless REF, break, caller EXPR
2132 X<caller> X<call stack> X<stack> X<stack trace>, caller, chdir EXPR
2133 X<chdir> X<cd>, chdir FILEHANDLE, chdir DIRHANDLE, chdir, chmod LIST
2134 X<chmod> X<permission> X<mode>, chomp VARIABLE X<chomp>
2135 X<INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR> X<$/> X<newline> X<eol>, chomp( LIST ), chomp,
2136 chop VARIABLE X<chop>, chop( LIST ), chop, chown LIST X<chown> X<owner>
2137 X<user> X<group>, chr NUMBER X<chr> X<character> X<ASCII> X<Unicode>, chr,
2138 chroot FILENAME X<chroot> X<root>, chroot, close FILEHANDLE X<close>,
2139 close, closedir DIRHANDLE X<closedir>, connect SOCKET,NAME X<connect>,
2140 continue BLOCK X<continue>, continue, cos EXPR X<cos> X<cosine> X<acos>
2141 X<arccosine>, cos, crypt PLAINTEXT,SALT X<crypt> X<digest> X<hash> X<salt>
2142 X<plaintext> X<password> X<decrypt> X<cryptography> X<passwd>, dbmclose
2143 HASH X<dbmclose>, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MASK X<dbmopen> X<dbm> X<ndbm>
2144 X<sdbm> X<gdbm>, defined EXPR X<defined> X<undef> X<undefined>, defined,
2145 delete EXPR X<delete>, die LIST X<die> X<throw> X<exception> X<raise> X<$@>
2146 X<abort>, do BLOCK X<do> X<block>, do SUBROUTINE(LIST) X<do>, do EXPR
2147 X<do>, dump LABEL X<dump> X<core> X<undump>, dump, each HASH X<each>
2148 X<hash, iterator>, eof FILEHANDLE X<eof> X<end of file> X<end-of-file>, eof
2149 (), eof, eval EXPR X<eval> X<try> X<catch> X<evaluate> X<parse> X<execute>,
2150 eval BLOCK, eval, exec LIST X<exec> X<execute>, exec PROGRAM LIST, exists
2151 EXPR X<exists> X<autovivification>, exit EXPR X<exit> X<terminate>
2152 X<abort>, exit, exp EXPR X<exp> X<exponential> X<antilog> X<antilogarithm>
2153 X<e>, exp, fcntl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR X<fcntl>, fileno FILEHANDLE
2154 X<fileno>, flock FILEHANDLE,OPERATION X<flock> X<lock> X<locking>, fork
2155 X<fork> X<child> X<parent>, format X<format>, formline PICTURE,LIST
2156 X<formline>, getc FILEHANDLE X<getc> X<getchar>, getc, getlogin X<getlogin>
2157 X<login>, getpeername SOCKET X<getpeername> X<peer>, getpgrp PID X<getpgrp>
2158 X<group>, getppid X<getppid> X<parent> X<pid>, getpriority WHICH,WHO
2159 X<getpriority> X<priority> X<nice>, getpwnam NAME X<getpwnam> X<getgrnam>
2160 X<gethostbyname> X<getnetbyname> X<getprotobyname> X<getpwuid> X<getgrgid>
2161 X<getservbyname> X<gethostbyaddr> X<getnetbyaddr> X<getprotobynumber>
2162 X<getservbyport> X<getpwent> X<getgrent> X<gethostent> X<getnetent>
2163 X<getprotoent> X<getservent> X<setpwent> X<setgrent> X<sethostent>
2164 X<setnetent> X<setprotoent> X<setservent> X<endpwent> X<endgrent>
2165 X<endhostent> X<endnetent> X<endprotoent> X<endservent>, getgrnam NAME,
2166 gethostbyname NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getprotobyname NAME, getpwuid UID,
2167 getgrgid GID, getservbyname NAME,PROTO, gethostbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE,
2168 getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER, getservbyport
2169 PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent, gethostent, getnetent, getprotoent,
2170 getservent, setpwent, setgrent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent STAYOPEN,
2171 setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent, endhostent,
2172 endnetent, endprotoent, endservent, getsockname SOCKET X<getsockname>,
2173 getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME X<getsockopt>, glob EXPR X<glob>
2174 X<wildcard> X<filename, expansion> X<expand>, glob, gmtime EXPR X<gmtime>
2175 X<UTC> X<Greenwich>, gmtime, goto LABEL X<goto> X<jump> X<jmp>, goto EXPR,
2176 goto &NAME, grep BLOCK LIST X<grep>, grep EXPR,LIST, hex EXPR X<hex>
2177 X<hexadecimal>, hex, import LIST X<import>, index STR,SUBSTR,POSITION
2178 X<index> X<indexOf> X<InStr>, index STR,SUBSTR, int EXPR X<int> X<integer>
2179 X<truncate> X<trunc>, int, ioctl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR X<ioctl>, join
2180 EXPR,LIST X<join>, keys HASH X<keys> X<key>, kill SIGNAL, LIST X<kill>
2181 X<signal>, last LABEL X<last> X<break>, last, lc EXPR X<lc> X<lowercase>,
2182 lc, lcfirst EXPR X<lcfirst> X<lowercase>, lcfirst, length EXPR X<length>
2183 X<size>, length, link OLDFILE,NEWFILE X<link>, listen SOCKET,QUEUESIZE
2184 X<listen>, local EXPR X<local>, localtime EXPR X<localtime>, localtime,
2185 lock THING X<lock>, log EXPR X<log> X<logarithm> X<e> X<ln> X<base>, log,
2186 lstat EXPR X<lstat>, lstat, m//, map BLOCK LIST X<map>, map EXPR,LIST,
2187 mkdir FILENAME,MASK X<mkdir> X<md> X<directory, create>, mkdir FILENAME,
2188 mkdir, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG X<msgctl>, msgget KEY,FLAGS X<msgget>, msgrcv
2189 ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS X<msgrcv>, msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS X<msgsnd>, my EXPR
2190 X<my>, my TYPE EXPR, my EXPR : ATTRS, my TYPE EXPR : ATTRS, next LABEL
2191 X<next> X<continue>, next, no Module VERSION LIST X<no>, no Module VERSION,
2192 no Module LIST, no Module, oct EXPR X<oct> X<octal> X<hex> X<hexadecimal>
2193 X<binary> X<bin>, oct, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR X<open> X<pipe> X<file, open>
2194 X<fopen>, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR,LIST, open
2195 FILEHANDLE,MODE,REFERENCE, open FILEHANDLE, opendir DIRHANDLE,EXPR
2196 X<opendir>, ord EXPR X<ord> X<encoding>, ord, our EXPR X<our> X<global>,
2197 our EXPR TYPE, our EXPR : ATTRS, our TYPE EXPR : ATTRS, pack TEMPLATE,LIST
2198 X<pack>, package NAMESPACE X<package> X<module> X<namespace>, package, pipe
2199 READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE X<pipe>, pop ARRAY X<pop> X<stack>, pop, pos SCALAR
2200 X<pos> X<match, position>, pos, print FILEHANDLE LIST X<print>, print LIST,
2201 print, printf FILEHANDLE FORMAT, LIST X<printf>, printf FORMAT, LIST,
2202 prototype FUNCTION X<prototype>, push ARRAY,LIST X<push>, X<stack>,
2203 q/STRING/, qq/STRING/, qr/STRING/, qx/STRING/, qw/STRING/, quotemeta EXPR
2204 X<quotemeta> X<metacharacter>, quotemeta, rand EXPR X<rand> X<random>,
2205 rand, read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET X<read>, read
2206 FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, readdir DIRHANDLE X<readdir>, readline EXPR
2207 X<readline> X<gets> X<fgets>, readlink EXPR X<readlink>, readlink, readpipe
2208 EXPR X<readpipe>, recv SOCKET,SCALAR,LENGTH,FLAGS X<recv>, redo LABEL
2209 X<redo>, redo, ref EXPR X<ref> X<reference>, ref, rename OLDNAME,NEWNAME
2210 X<rename> X<move> X<mv> X<ren>, require VERSION X<require>, require EXPR,
2211 require, reset EXPR X<reset>, reset, return EXPR X<return>, return, reverse
2212 LIST X<reverse> X<rev> X<invert>, rewinddir DIRHANDLE X<rewinddir>, rindex
2213 STR,SUBSTR,POSITION X<rindex>, rindex STR,SUBSTR, rmdir FILENAME X<rmdir>
2214 X<rd> X<directory, remove>, rmdir, s///, say FILEHANDLE LIST X<say>, say
2215 LIST, say, scalar EXPR X<scalar> X<context>, seek
2216 FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE X<seek> X<fseek> X<filehandle, position>,
2217 seekdir DIRHANDLE,POS X<seekdir>, select FILEHANDLE X<select> X<filehandle,
2218 default>, select, select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT X<select>, semctl
2219 ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG X<semctl>, semget KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS X<semget>, semop
2220 KEY,OPSTRING X<semop>, send SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS,TO X<send>, send
2221 SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS, setpgrp PID,PGRP X<setpgrp> X<group>, setpriority
2222 WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY X<setpriority> X<priority> X<nice> X<renice>, setsockopt
2223 SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL X<setsockopt>, shift ARRAY X<shift>, shift,
2224 shmctl ID,CMD,ARG X<shmctl>, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS X<shmget>, shmread
2225 ID,VAR,POS,SIZE X<shmread> X<shmwrite>, shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE,
2226 shutdown SOCKET,HOW X<shutdown>, sin EXPR X<sin> X<sine> X<asin>
2227 X<arcsine>, sin, sleep EXPR X<sleep> X<pause>, sleep, socket
2228 SOCKET,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL X<socket>, socketpair
2229 SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL X<socketpair>, sort SUBNAME LIST
2230 X<sort> X<qsort> X<quicksort> X<mergesort>, sort BLOCK LIST, sort LIST,
2231 splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,LIST X<splice>, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,
2232 splice ARRAY,OFFSET, splice ARRAY, split /PATTERN/,EXPR,LIMIT X<split>,
2233 split /PATTERN/,EXPR, split /PATTERN/, split, sprintf FORMAT, LIST
2234 X<sprintf>, format parameter index, flags, vector flag, (minimum) width,
2235 precision, or maximum width X<precision>, size, order of arguments, sqrt
2236 EXPR X<sqrt> X<root> X<square root>, sqrt, srand EXPR X<srand> X<seed>
2237 X<randseed>, srand, stat FILEHANDLE X<stat> X<file, status>, stat EXPR,
2238 stat, study SCALAR X<study>, study, sub NAME BLOCK X<sub>, sub NAME (PROTO)
2239 BLOCK, sub NAME : ATTRS BLOCK, sub NAME (PROTO) : ATTRS BLOCK, substr
2240 EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH,REPLACEMENT X<substr> X<substring> X<mid> X<left>
2241 X<right>, substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH, substr EXPR,OFFSET, symlink
2242 OLDFILE,NEWFILE X<symlink> X<link> X<symbolic link> X<link, symbolic>,
2243 syscall NUMBER, LIST X<syscall> X<system call>, sysopen
2244 FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE X<sysopen>, sysopen
2245 FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, sysread FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET
2246 X<sysread>, sysread FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, sysseek
2247 FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE X<sysseek> X<lseek>, system LIST X<system>
2248 X<shell>, system PROGRAM LIST, syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET
2249 X<syswrite>, syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,
2250 tell FILEHANDLE X<tell>, tell, telldir DIRHANDLE X<telldir>, tie
2251 VARIABLE,CLASSNAME,LIST X<tie>, tied VARIABLE X<tied>, time X<time>
2252 X<epoch>, times X<times>, tr///, truncate FILEHANDLE,LENGTH X<truncate>,
2253 truncate EXPR,LENGTH, uc EXPR X<uc> X<uppercase> X<toupper>, uc, ucfirst
2254 EXPR X<ucfirst> X<uppercase>, ucfirst, umask EXPR X<umask>, umask, undef
2255 EXPR X<undef> X<undefine>, undef, unlink LIST X<unlink> X<delete> X<remove>
2256 X<rm>, unlink, unpack TEMPLATE,EXPR X<unpack>, unpack TEMPLATE, untie
2257 VARIABLE X<untie>, unshift ARRAY,LIST X<unshift>, use Module VERSION LIST
2258 X<use> X<module> X<import>, use Module VERSION, use Module LIST, use
2259 Module, use VERSION, utime LIST X<utime>, values HASH X<values>, vec
2260 EXPR,OFFSET,BITS X<vec> X<bit> X<bit vector>, wait X<wait>, waitpid
2261 PID,FLAGS X<waitpid>, wantarray X<wantarray> X<context>, warn LIST X<warn>
2262 X<warning> X<STDERR>, write FILEHANDLE X<write>, write EXPR, write, y///
2268 =head2 perlopentut - tutorial on opening things in Perl
2274 =item Open E<agrave> la shell
2280 =item Indirect Filehandles
2284 =item The Minus File
2286 =item Mixing Reads and Writes
2292 =item Open E<agrave> la C
2296 =item Permissions E<agrave> la mode
2300 =item Obscure Open Tricks
2304 =item Re-Opening Files (dups)
2306 =item Dispelling the Dweomer
2308 =item Paths as Opens
2310 =item Single Argument Open
2312 =item Playing with STDIN and STDOUT
2316 =item Other I/O Issues
2320 =item Opening Non-File Files
2322 =item Opening Named Pipes
2324 =item Opening Sockets
2336 =item AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT
2342 =head2 perlpacktut - tutorial on C<pack> and C<unpack>
2348 =item The Basic Principle
2352 =item Packing Numbers
2358 =item Unpacking a Stack Frame
2360 =item How to Eat an Egg on a Net
2362 =item Byte-order modifiers
2364 =item Floating point Numbers
2368 =item Exotic Templates
2380 =item Another Portable Binary Encoding
2384 =item Template Grouping
2386 =item Lengths and Widths
2390 =item String Lengths
2392 =item Dynamic Templates
2394 =item Counting Repetitions
2398 =item Packing and Unpacking C Structures
2402 =item The Alignment Pit
2404 =item Dealing with Endian-ness
2406 =item Alignment, Take 2
2408 =item Alignment, Take 3
2410 =item Pointers for How to Use Them
2416 =item Funnies Section
2422 =head2 perlpod - the Plain Old Documentation format
2430 =item Ordinary Paragraph
2431 X<POD, ordinary paragraph>
2433 =item Verbatim Paragraph
2434 X<POD, verbatim paragraph> X<verbatim>
2436 =item Command Paragraph
2439 C<=head1 I<Heading Text>> X<=head1> X<=head2> X<=head3> X<=head4> X<head1>
2440 X<head2> X<head3> X<head4>, C<=head2 I<Heading Text>>, C<=head3 I<Heading
2441 Text>>, C<=head4 I<Heading Text>>, C<=over I<indentlevel>> X<=over>
2442 X<=item> X<=back> X<over> X<item> X<back>, C<=item I<stuff...>>, C<=back>,
2443 C<=cut> X<=cut> X<cut>, C<=pod> X<=pod> X<pod>, C<=begin I<formatname>>
2444 X<=begin> X<=end> X<=for> X<begin> X<end> X<for>, C<=end I<formatname>>,
2445 C<=for I<formatname> I<text...>>, C<=encoding I<encodingname>> X<=encoding>
2448 =item Formatting Codes
2449 X<POD, formatting code> X<formatting code>
2450 X<POD, interior sequence> X<interior sequence>
2452 C<IE<lt>textE<gt>> -- italic text X<I> X<< IZ<><> >> X<POD, formatting
2453 code, italic> X<italic>, C<BE<lt>textE<gt>> -- bold text X<B> X<< BZ<><> >>
2454 X<POD, formatting code, bold> X<bold>, C<CE<lt>codeE<gt>> -- code text X<C>
2455 X<< CZ<><> >> X<POD, formatting code, code> X<code>, C<LE<lt>nameE<gt>> --
2456 a hyperlink X<L> X<< LZ<><> >> X<POD, formatting code, hyperlink>
2457 X<hyperlink>, C<EE<lt>escapeE<gt>> -- a character escape X<E> X<< EZ<><> >>
2458 X<POD, formatting code, escape> X<escape>, C<FE<lt>filenameE<gt>> -- used
2459 for filenames X<F> X<< FZ<><> >> X<POD, formatting code, filename>
2460 X<filename>, C<SE<lt>textE<gt>> -- text contains non-breaking spaces X<S>
2461 X<< SZ<><> >> X<POD, formatting code, non-breaking space> X<non-breaking
2462 space>, C<XE<lt>topic nameE<gt>> -- an index entry X<X> X<< XZ<><> >>
2463 X<POD, formatting code, index entry> X<index entry>, C<ZE<lt>E<gt>> -- a
2464 null (zero-effect) formatting code X<Z> X<< ZZ<><> >> X<POD, formatting
2470 =item Embedding Pods in Perl Modules
2473 =item Hints for Writing Pod
2475 X<podchecker> X<POD, validating>
2485 =head2 perlpodspec - Plain Old Documentation: format specification and
2492 =item Pod Definitions
2496 "=head1", "=head2", "=head3", "=head4", "=pod", "=cut", "=over", "=item",
2497 "=back", "=begin formatname", "=end formatname", "=for formatname text...",
2498 "=encoding encodingname"
2500 =item Pod Formatting Codes
2502 C<IE<lt>textE<gt>> -- italic text, C<BE<lt>textE<gt>> -- bold text,
2503 C<CE<lt>codeE<gt>> -- code text, C<FE<lt>filenameE<gt>> -- style for
2504 filenames, C<XE<lt>topic nameE<gt>> -- an index entry, C<ZE<lt>E<gt>> -- a
2505 null (zero-effect) formatting code, C<LE<lt>nameE<gt>> -- a hyperlink,
2506 C<EE<lt>escapeE<gt>> -- a character escape, C<SE<lt>textE<gt>> -- text
2507 contains non-breaking spaces
2509 =item Notes on Implementing Pod Processors
2511 =item About LE<lt>...E<gt> Codes
2513 First:, Second:, Third:, Fourth:, Fifth:, Sixth:
2515 =item About =over...=back Regions
2517 =item About Data Paragraphs and "=begin/=end" Regions
2525 =head2 perlrun - how to execute the Perl interpreter
2535 =item #! and quoting on non-Unix systems
2538 OS/2, MS-DOS, Win95/NT, Macintosh, VMS
2540 =item Location of Perl
2541 X<perl, location of interpreter>
2543 =item Command Switches
2544 X<perl, command switches> X<command switches>
2546 B<-0>[I<octal/hexadecimal>] X<-0> X<$/>, B<-A[I<module>][=I<assertions>]>
2547 X<-A>, B<-a> X<-a> X<autosplit>, B<-C [I<number/list>]> X<-C>, B<-c> X<-c>,
2548 B<-d> X<-d> X<-dt>, B<-dt>, B<-d:>I<foo[=bar,baz]> X<-d> X<-dt>,
2549 B<-dt:>I<foo[=bar,baz]>, B<-D>I<letters> X<-D> X<DEBUGGING> X<-DDEBUGGING>,
2550 B<-D>I<number>, B<-e> I<commandline> X<-e>, B<-E> I<commandline> X<-E>,
2551 B<-f> X<-f>, B<-F>I<pattern> X<-F>, B<-h> X<-h>, B<-i>[I<extension>] X<-i>
2552 X<in-place>, B<-I>I<directory> X<-I> X<@INC>, B<-l>[I<octnum>] X<-l> X<$/>
2553 X<$\>, B<-m>[B<->]I<module> X<-m> X<-M>, B<-M>[B<->]I<module>,
2554 B<-M>[B<->]I<'module ...'>, B<-[mM]>[B<->]I<module=arg[,arg]...>, B<-n>
2555 X<-n>, B<-p> X<-p>, B<-P> X<-P>, B<-s> X<-s>, B<-S> X<-S>, B<-t> X<-t>,
2556 B<-T> X<-T>, B<-u> X<-u>, B<-U> X<-U>, B<-v> X<-v>, B<-V> X<-V>,
2557 B<-V:>I<configvar>, B<-w> X<-w>, B<-W> X<-W>, B<-X> X<-X>, B<-x> X<-x>,
2563 X<perl, environment variables>
2565 HOME X<HOME>, LOGDIR X<LOGDIR>, PATH X<PATH>, PERL5LIB X<PERL5LIB>,
2566 PERL5OPT X<PERL5OPT>, PERLIO X<PERLIO>, :bytes X<:bytes>, :crlf X<:crlf>,
2567 :mmap X<:mmap>, :perlio X<:perlio>, :pop X<:pop>, :raw X<:raw>, :stdio
2568 X<:stdio>, :unix X<:unix>, :utf8 X<:utf8>, :win32 X<:win32>, PERLIO_DEBUG
2569 X<PERLIO_DEBUG>, PERLLIB X<PERLLIB>, PERL5DB X<PERL5DB>, PERL5DB_THREADED
2570 X<PERL5DB_THREADED>, PERL5SHELL (specific to the Win32 port) X<PERL5SHELL>,
2571 PERL_ALLOW_NON_IFS_LSP (specific to the Win32 port)
2572 X<PERL_ALLOW_NON_IFS_LSP>, PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS X<PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS>,
2573 PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL X<PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL>, PERL_DL_NONLAZY
2574 X<PERL_DL_NONLAZY>, PERL_ENCODING X<PERL_ENCODING>, PERL_HASH_SEED
2575 X<PERL_HASH_SEED>, PERL_HASH_SEED_DEBUG X<PERL_HASH_SEED_DEBUG>, PERL_ROOT
2576 (specific to the VMS port) X<PERL_ROOT>, PERL_SIGNALS X<PERL_SIGNALS>,
2577 PERL_UNICODE X<PERL_UNICODE>, SYS$LOGIN (specific to the VMS port)
2582 =head2 perldiag - various Perl diagnostics
2590 =head2 perllexwarn - Perl Lexical Warnings
2598 =item Default Warnings and Optional Warnings
2600 =item What's wrong with B<-w> and C<$^W>
2602 =item Controlling Warnings from the Command Line
2604 B<-w> X<-w>, B<-W> X<-W>, B<-X> X<-X>
2606 =item Backward Compatibility
2608 =item Category Hierarchy
2609 X<warning, categories>
2611 =item Fatal Warnings
2614 =item Reporting Warnings from a Module
2615 X<warning, reporting> X<warning, registering>
2627 =head2 perldebug - Perl debugging
2633 =item The Perl Debugger
2637 =item Debugger Commands
2639 h X<debugger command, h>, h [command], h h, p expr X<debugger command, p>,
2640 x [maxdepth] expr X<debugger command, x>, V [pkg [vars]] X<debugger
2641 command, V>, X [vars] X<debugger command, X>, y [level [vars]] X<debugger
2642 command, y>, T X<debugger command, T> X<backtrace> X<stack, backtrace>, s
2643 [expr] X<debugger command, s> X<step>, n [expr] X<debugger command, n>, r
2644 X<debugger command, r>, <CR>, c [line|sub] X<debugger command, c>, l
2645 X<debugger command, l>, l min+incr, l min-max, l line, l subname, -
2646 X<debugger command, ->, v [line] X<debugger command, v>, . X<debugger
2647 command, .>, f filename X<debugger command, f>, /pattern/, ?pattern?, L
2648 [abw] X<debugger command, L>, S [[!]regex] X<debugger command, S>, t
2649 X<debugger command, t>, t expr X<debugger command, t>, b X<breakpoint>
2650 X<debugger command, b>, b [line] [condition] X<breakpoint> X<debugger
2651 command, b>, b subname [condition] X<breakpoint> X<debugger command, b>, b
2652 postpone subname [condition] X<breakpoint> X<debugger command, b>, b load
2653 filename X<breakpoint> X<debugger command, b>, b compile subname
2654 X<breakpoint> X<debugger command, b>, B line X<breakpoint> X<debugger
2655 command, B>, B * X<breakpoint> X<debugger command, B>, a [line] command
2656 X<debugger command, a>, A line X<debugger command, A>, A * X<debugger
2657 command, A>, w expr X<debugger command, w>, W expr X<debugger command, W>,
2658 W * X<debugger command, W>, o X<debugger command, o>, o booloption ...
2659 X<debugger command, o>, o anyoption? ... X<debugger command, o>, o
2660 option=value ... X<debugger command, o>, < ? X<< debugger command, < >>, <
2661 [ command ] X<< debugger command, < >>, < * X<< debugger command, < >>, <<
2662 command X<< debugger command, << >>, > ? X<< debugger command, > >>, >
2663 command X<< debugger command, > >>, > * X<< debugger command, > >>, >>
2664 command X<<< debugger command, >> >>>, { ? X<debugger command, {>, { [
2665 command ], { * X<debugger command, {>, {{ command X<debugger command, {{>,
2666 ! number X<debugger command, !>, ! -number X<debugger command, !>, !
2667 pattern X<debugger command, !>, !! cmd X<debugger command, !!>, source file
2668 X<debugger command, source>, H -number X<debugger command, H>, q or ^D
2669 X<debugger command, q> X<debugger command, ^D>, R X<debugger command, R>,
2670 |dbcmd X<debugger command, |>, ||dbcmd X<debugger command, ||>, command, m
2671 expr X<debugger command, m>, M X<debugger command, M>, man [manpage]
2672 X<debugger command, man>
2674 =item Configurable Options
2676 C<recallCommand>, C<ShellBang> X<debugger option, recallCommand> X<debugger
2677 option, ShellBang>, C<pager> X<debugger option, pager>, C<tkRunning>
2678 X<debugger option, tkRunning>, C<signalLevel>, C<warnLevel>, C<dieLevel>
2679 X<debugger option, signalLevel> X<debugger option, warnLevel> X<debugger
2680 option, dieLevel>, C<AutoTrace> X<debugger option, AutoTrace>, C<LineInfo>
2681 X<debugger option, LineInfo>, C<inhibit_exit> X<debugger option,
2682 inhibit_exit>, C<PrintRet> X<debugger option, PrintRet>, C<ornaments>
2683 X<debugger option, ornaments>, C<frame> X<debugger option, frame>,
2684 C<maxTraceLen> X<debugger option, maxTraceLen>, C<windowSize> X<debugger
2685 option, windowSize>, C<arrayDepth>, C<hashDepth> X<debugger option,
2686 arrayDepth> X<debugger option, hashDepth>, C<dumpDepth> X<debugger option,
2687 dumpDepth>, C<compactDump>, C<veryCompact> X<debugger option, compactDump>
2688 X<debugger option, veryCompact>, C<globPrint> X<debugger option,
2689 globPrint>, C<DumpDBFiles> X<debugger option, DumpDBFiles>, C<DumpPackages>
2690 X<debugger option, DumpPackages>, C<DumpReused> X<debugger option,
2691 DumpReused>, C<quote>, C<HighBit>, C<undefPrint> X<debugger option, quote>
2692 X<debugger option, HighBit> X<debugger option, undefPrint>, C<UsageOnly>
2693 X<debugger option, UsageOnly>, C<TTY> X<debugger option, TTY>, C<noTTY>
2694 X<debugger option, noTTY>, C<ReadLine> X<debugger option, ReadLine>,
2695 C<NonStop> X<debugger option, NonStop>
2697 =item Debugger input/output
2699 Prompt, Multiline commands, Stack backtrace X<backtrace> X<stack,
2700 backtrace>, Line Listing Format, Frame listing
2702 =item Debugging compile-time statements
2704 =item Debugger Customization
2706 =item Readline Support
2708 =item Editor Support for Debugging
2710 =item The Perl Profiler
2711 X<profile> X<profiling> X<profiler>
2715 =item Debugging regular expressions
2716 X<regular expression, debugging>
2717 X<regex, debugging> X<regexp, debugging>
2719 =item Debugging memory usage
2728 =head2 perlvar - Perl predefined variables
2736 =item Predefined Names
2738 $ARG, $_, $a, $b, $<I<digits>>, $MATCH, $&, $PREMATCH, $`, $POSTMATCH, $',
2739 $LAST_PAREN_MATCH, $+, $^N, @LAST_MATCH_END, @+,
2740 HANDLE->input_line_number(EXPR), $INPUT_LINE_NUMBER, $NR, $,
2741 IO::Handle->input_record_separator(EXPR), $INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $RS, $/,
2742 HANDLE->autoflush(EXPR), $OUTPUT_AUTOFLUSH, $|,
2743 IO::Handle->output_field_separator EXPR, $OUTPUT_FIELD_SEPARATOR, $OFS, $,,
2744 IO::Handle->output_record_separator EXPR, $OUTPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $ORS,
2745 $\, $LIST_SEPARATOR, $", $SUBSCRIPT_SEPARATOR, $SUBSEP, $;,
2746 HANDLE->format_page_number(EXPR), $FORMAT_PAGE_NUMBER, $%,
2747 HANDLE->format_lines_per_page(EXPR), $FORMAT_LINES_PER_PAGE, $=,
2748 HANDLE->format_lines_left(EXPR), $FORMAT_LINES_LEFT, $-, @LAST_MATCH_START,
2749 @-, C<$`> is the same as C<substr($var, 0, $-[0])>, C<$&> is the same as
2750 C<substr($var, $-[0], $+[0] - $-[0])>, C<$'> is the same as C<substr($var,
2751 $+[0])>, C<$1> is the same as C<substr($var, $-[1], $+[1] - $-[1])>, C<$2>
2752 is the same as C<substr($var, $-[2], $+[2] - $-[2])>, C<$3> is the same as
2753 C<substr($var, $-[3], $+[3] - $-[3])>, HANDLE->format_name(EXPR),
2754 $FORMAT_NAME, $~, HANDLE->format_top_name(EXPR), $FORMAT_TOP_NAME, $^,
2755 IO::Handle->format_line_break_characters EXPR,
2756 $FORMAT_LINE_BREAK_CHARACTERS, $:, IO::Handle->format_formfeed EXPR,
2757 $FORMAT_FORMFEED, $^L, $ACCUMULATOR, $^A, $CHILD_ERROR, $?,
2758 ${^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE}, ${^ENCODING}, $OS_ERROR, $ERRNO, $!, %!,
2759 $EXTENDED_OS_ERROR, $^E, $EVAL_ERROR, $@, $PROCESS_ID, $PID, $$,
2760 $REAL_USER_ID, $UID, $<, $EFFECTIVE_USER_ID, $EUID, $>, $REAL_GROUP_ID,
2761 $GID, $(, $EFFECTIVE_GROUP_ID, $EGID, $), $PROGRAM_NAME, $0, $[, $],
2762 $COMPILING, $^C, $DEBUGGING, $^D, ${^RE_DEBUG_FLAGS}, ${^RE_TRIE_MAXBUF},
2763 $SYSTEM_FD_MAX, $^F, $^H, %^H, $INPLACE_EDIT, $^I, $^M, $OSNAME, $^O,
2764 ${^OPEN}, $PERLDB, $^P, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80,
2765 0x100, 0x200, 0x400, $LAST_REGEXP_CODE_RESULT, $^R,
2766 $EXCEPTIONS_BEING_CAUGHT, $^S, $BASETIME, $^T, ${^TAINT}, ${^UNICODE},
2767 ${^UTF8LOCALE}, $PERL_VERSION, $^V, $WARNING, $^W, ${^WARNING_BITS},
2768 $EXECUTABLE_NAME, $^X, ARGV, $ARGV, @ARGV, ARGVOUT, @F, @INC, @_, %INC,
2769 %ENV, $ENV{expr}, %SIG, $SIG{expr}
2771 =item Error Indicators
2773 =item Technical Note on the Syntax of Variable Names
2781 =head2 perlre - Perl regular expressions
2787 i X</i> X<regex, case-insensitive> X<regexp, case-insensitive> X<regular
2788 expression, case-insensitive>, m X</m> X<regex, multiline> X<regexp,
2789 multiline> X<regular expression, multiline>, s X</s> X<regex, single-line>
2790 X<regexp, single-line> X<regular expression, single-line>, x X</x>
2794 =item Regular Expressions
2796 [1], [2], [3], cntrl X<cntrl>, graph X<graph>, print X<print>, punct
2797 X<punct>, xdigit X<xdigit>
2799 =item Extended Patterns
2801 C<(?#text)> X<(?#)>, C<(?imsx-imsx)> X<(?)>, C<(?:pattern)> X<(?:)>,
2802 C<(?imsx-imsx:pattern)>, C<(?=pattern)> X<(?=)> X<look-ahead, positive>
2803 X<lookahead, positive>, C<(?!pattern)> X<(?!)> X<look-ahead, negative>
2804 X<lookahead, negative>, C<(?<=pattern)> X<(?<=)> X<look-behind, positive>
2805 X<lookbehind, positive>, C<(?<!pattern)> X<(?<!)> X<look-behind, negative>
2806 X<lookbehind, negative>, C<(?{ code })> X<(?{})> X<regex, code in>
2807 X<regexp, code in> X<regular expression, code in>, C<(??{ code })>
2808 X<(??{})> X<regex, postponed> X<regexp, postponed> X<regular expression,
2809 postponed> X<regex, recursive> X<regexp, recursive> X<regular expression,
2810 recursive>, C<< (?>pattern) >> X<backtrack> X<backtracking>,
2811 C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)> X<(?()>,
2812 C<(?(condition)yes-pattern)>
2815 X<backtrack> X<backtracking>
2817 =item Version 8 Regular Expressions
2818 X<regular expression, version 8> X<regex, version 8> X<regexp, version 8>
2820 =item Warning on \1 vs $1
2822 =item Repeated patterns matching zero-length substring
2824 =item Combining pieces together
2826 C<ST>, C<S|T>, C<S{REPEAT_COUNT}>, C<S{min,max}>, C<S{min,max}?>, C<S?>,
2827 C<S*>, C<S+>, C<S??>, C<S*?>, C<S+?>, C<< (?>S) >>, C<(?=S)>, C<(?<=S)>,
2828 C<(?!S)>, C<(?<!S)>, C<(??{ EXPR })>,
2829 C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)>
2831 =item Creating custom RE engines
2841 =head2 perlreref - Perl Regular Expressions Reference
2853 =item ESCAPE SEQUENCES
2855 =item CHARACTER CLASSES
2861 =item EXTENDED CONSTRUCTS
2879 =head2 perlref - Perl references and nested data structures
2889 =item Making References
2890 X<reference, creation> X<referencing>
2892 1. X<\> X<backslash>, 2. X<array, anonymous> X<[> X<[]> X<square bracket>
2893 X<bracket, square> X<arrayref> X<array reference> X<reference, array>, 3.
2894 X<hash, anonymous> X<{> X<{}> X<curly bracket> X<bracket, curly> X<brace>
2895 X<hashref> X<hash reference> X<reference, hash>, 4. X<subroutine,
2896 anonymous> X<subroutine, reference> X<reference, subroutine> X<scope,
2897 lexical> X<closure> X<lexical> X<lexical scope>, 5. X<constructor> X<new>,
2898 6. X<autovivification>, 7. X<*foo{THING}> X<*>
2900 =item Using References
2901 X<reference, use> X<dereferencing> X<dereference>
2903 2. X<${}> X<@{}> X<%{}>, 3. X<autovivification> X<< -> >> X<arrow>, 4.
2906 =item Symbolic references
2907 X<reference, symbolic> X<reference, soft>
2908 X<symbolic reference> X<soft reference>
2910 =item Not-so-symbolic references
2912 =item Pseudo-hashes: Using an array as a hash
2913 X<pseudo-hash> X<pseudo hash> X<pseudohash>
2915 =item Function Templates
2916 X<scope, lexical> X<closure> X<lexical> X<lexical scope>
2917 X<subroutine, nested> X<sub, nested> X<subroutine, local> X<sub, local>
2922 X<reference, string context> X<reference, use as hash key>
2928 =head2 perlform - Perl formats
2937 X<format, text field>
2939 =item Numeric Fields
2940 X<#> X<format, numeric field>
2942 =item The Field @* for Variable Width Multi-Line Text
2945 =item The Field ^* for Variable Width One-line-at-a-time Text
2948 =item Specifying Values
2949 X<format, specifying values>
2951 =item Using Fill Mode
2952 X<format, fill mode>
2954 =item Suppressing Lines Where All Fields Are Void
2955 X<format, suppressing lines>
2957 =item Repeating Format Lines
2958 X<format, repeating lines>
2960 =item Top of Form Processing
2961 X<format, top of form> X<top> X<header>
2963 =item Format Variables
2965 X<format, variables>
2974 X<format, footer> X<footer>
2976 =item Accessing Formatting Internals
2977 X<format, internals>
2985 =head2 perlobj - Perl objects
2993 =item An Object is Simply a Reference
2994 X<object> X<bless> X<constructor> X<new>
2996 =item A Class is Simply a Package
2997 X<class> X<package> X<@ISA> X<inheritance>
2999 =item A Method is Simply a Subroutine
3002 =item Method Invocation
3003 X<invocation> X<method> X<arrow> X<< -> >>
3005 =item Indirect Object Syntax
3006 X<indirect object syntax> X<invocation, indirect> X<indirect>
3008 =item Default UNIVERSAL methods
3011 isa(CLASS) X<isa>, can(METHOD) X<can>, VERSION( [NEED] ) X<VERSION>
3014 X<destructor> X<DESTROY>
3018 =item Two-Phased Garbage Collection
3019 X<garbage collection> X<GC> X<circular reference>
3020 X<reference, circular> X<DESTROY> X<destructor>
3028 =head2 perltie - how to hide an object class in a simple variable
3041 TIESCALAR classname, LIST X<TIESCALAR>, FETCH this X<FETCH>, STORE this,
3042 value X<STORE>, UNTIE this X<UNTIE>, DESTROY this X<DESTROY>
3047 TIEARRAY classname, LIST X<TIEARRAY>, FETCH this, index X<FETCH>, STORE
3048 this, index, value X<STORE>, FETCHSIZE this X<FETCHSIZE>, STORESIZE this,
3049 count X<STORESIZE>, EXTEND this, count X<EXTEND>, EXISTS this, key
3050 X<EXISTS>, DELETE this, key X<DELETE>, CLEAR this X<CLEAR>, PUSH this, LIST
3051 X<PUSH>, POP this X<POP>, SHIFT this X<SHIFT>, UNSHIFT this, LIST
3052 X<UNSHIFT>, SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST X<SPLICE>, UNTIE this
3053 X<UNTIE>, DESTROY this X<DESTROY>
3058 USER, HOME, CLOBBER, LIST, TIEHASH classname, LIST X<TIEHASH>, FETCH this,
3059 key X<FETCH>, STORE this, key, value X<STORE>, DELETE this, key X<DELETE>,
3060 CLEAR this X<CLEAR>, EXISTS this, key X<EXISTS>, FIRSTKEY this X<FIRSTKEY>,
3061 NEXTKEY this, lastkey X<NEXTKEY>, SCALAR this X<SCALAR>, UNTIE this
3062 X<UNTIE>, DESTROY this X<DESTROY>
3064 =item Tying FileHandles
3065 X<filehandle, tying>
3067 TIEHANDLE classname, LIST X<TIEHANDLE>, WRITE this, LIST X<WRITE>, PRINT
3068 this, LIST X<PRINT>, PRINTF this, LIST X<PRINTF>, READ this, LIST X<READ>,
3069 READLINE this X<READLINE>, GETC this X<GETC>, CLOSE this X<CLOSE>, UNTIE
3070 this X<UNTIE>, DESTROY this X<DESTROY>
3075 =item The C<untie> Gotcha
3088 =head2 perldbmfilter - Perl DBM Filters
3096 B<filter_store_key>, B<filter_store_value>, B<filter_fetch_key>,
3097 B<filter_fetch_value>
3103 =item An Example -- the NULL termination problem.
3105 =item Another Example -- Key is a C int.
3115 =head2 perlipc - Perl interprocess communication (signals, fifos, pipes,
3116 safe subprocesses, sockets, and semaphores)
3126 =item Handling the SIGHUP Signal in Daemons
3134 =item Deferred Signals (Safe Signals)
3136 Long running opcodes, Interrupting IO, Restartable system calls, Signals as
3137 "faults", Signals triggered by operating system state
3141 =item Using open() for IPC
3147 =item Background Processes
3149 =item Complete Dissociation of Child from Parent
3151 =item Safe Pipe Opens
3153 =item Bidirectional Communication with Another Process
3155 =item Bidirectional Communication with Yourself
3159 =item Sockets: Client/Server Communication
3163 =item Internet Line Terminators
3165 =item Internet TCP Clients and Servers
3167 =item Unix-Domain TCP Clients and Servers
3171 =item TCP Clients with IO::Socket
3175 =item A Simple Client
3177 C<Proto>, C<PeerAddr>, C<PeerPort>
3179 =item A Webget Client
3181 =item Interactive Client with IO::Socket
3185 =item TCP Servers with IO::Socket
3187 Proto, LocalPort, Listen, Reuse
3189 =item UDP: Message Passing
3203 =head2 perlfork - Perl's fork() emulation
3213 =item Behavior of other Perl features in forked pseudo-processes
3215 $$ or $PROCESS_ID, %ENV, chdir() and all other builtins that accept
3216 filenames, wait() and waitpid(), kill(), exec(), exit(), Open handles to
3217 files, directories and network sockets
3219 =item Resource limits
3221 =item Killing the parent process
3223 =item Lifetime of the parent process and pseudo-processes
3225 =item CAVEATS AND LIMITATIONS
3227 BEGIN blocks, Open filehandles, Forking pipe open() not yet implemented,
3228 Global state maintained by XSUBs, Interpreter embedded in larger
3229 application, Thread-safety of extensions
3241 =head2 perlnumber - semantics of numbers and numeric operations in Perl
3249 =item Storing numbers
3251 =item Numeric operators and numeric conversions
3253 =item Flavors of Perl numeric operations
3255 Arithmetic operators, ++, Arithmetic operators during C<use integer>, Other
3256 mathematical operators, Bitwise operators, Bitwise operators during C<use
3257 integer>, Operators which expect an integer, Operators which expect a
3266 =head2 perlthrtut - tutorial on threads in Perl
3274 =item What Is A Thread Anyway?
3276 =item Threaded Program Models
3288 =item What kind of threads are Perl threads?
3290 =item Thread-Safe Modules
3296 =item Basic Thread Support
3298 =item A Note about the Examples
3300 =item Creating Threads
3302 =item Waiting For A Thread To Exit
3304 =item Ignoring A Thread
3308 =item Threads And Data
3312 =item Shared And Unshared Data
3314 =item Thread Pitfalls: Races
3318 =item Synchronization and control
3322 =item Controlling access: lock()
3324 =item A Thread Pitfall: Deadlocks
3326 =item Queues: Passing Data Around
3328 =item Semaphores: Synchronizing Data Access
3330 =item Basic semaphores
3332 =item Advanced Semaphores
3334 =item cond_wait() and cond_signal()
3336 =item Giving up control
3340 =item General Thread Utility Routines
3344 =item What Thread Am I In?
3348 =item Are These Threads The Same?
3350 =item What Threads Are Running?
3354 =item A Complete Example
3356 =item Different implementations of threads
3358 =item Performance considerations
3360 =item Process-scope Changes
3362 =item Thread-Safety of System Libraries
3370 =item Introductory Texts
3372 =item OS-Related References
3374 =item Other References
3378 =item Acknowledgements
3386 =head2 perlothrtut - old tutorial on threads in Perl
3392 =item What Is A Thread Anyway?
3394 =item Threaded Program Models
3406 =item Native threads
3408 =item What kind of threads are perl threads?
3410 =item Threadsafe Modules
3416 =item Basic Thread Support
3418 =item Creating Threads
3420 =item Giving up control
3422 =item Waiting For A Thread To Exit
3424 =item Errors In Threads
3426 =item Ignoring A Thread
3430 =item Threads And Data
3434 =item Shared And Unshared Data
3436 =item Thread Pitfall: Races
3438 =item Controlling access: lock()
3440 =item Thread Pitfall: Deadlocks
3442 =item Queues: Passing Data Around
3446 =item Threads And Code
3450 =item Semaphores: Synchronizing Data Access
3452 Basic semaphores, Advanced Semaphores
3454 =item Attributes: Restricting Access To Subroutines
3456 =item Subroutine Locks
3460 =item Locking A Subroutine
3464 =item General Thread Utility Routines
3468 =item What Thread Am I In?
3472 =item Are These Threads The Same?
3474 =item What Threads Are Running?
3478 =item A Complete Example
3486 =item Introductory Texts
3488 =item OS-Related References
3490 =item Other References
3494 =item Acknowledgements
3502 =head2 perlport - Writing portable Perl
3508 Not all Perl programs have to be portable, Nearly all of Perl already I<is>
3517 =item Numbers endianness and Width
3519 =item Files and Filesystems
3521 =item System Interaction
3523 =item Command names versus file pathnames
3527 =item Interprocess Communication (IPC)
3529 =item External Subroutines (XS)
3531 =item Standard Modules
3535 =item Character sets and character encoding
3537 =item Internationalisation
3539 =item System Resources
3555 =item DOS and Derivatives
3563 =item EBCDIC Platforms
3571 =item FUNCTION IMPLEMENTATIONS
3575 =item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions
3577 -I<X>, atan2, binmode, chmod, chown, chroot, crypt, dbmclose, dbmopen,
3578 dump, exec, exit, fcntl, flock, fork, getlogin, getpgrp, getppid,
3579 getpriority, getpwnam, getgrnam, getnetbyname, getpwuid, getgrgid,
3580 getnetbyaddr, getprotobynumber, getservbyport, getpwent, getgrent,
3581 gethostbyname, gethostent, getnetent, getprotoent, getservent, sethostent,
3582 setnetent, setprotoent, setservent, endpwent, endgrent, endhostent,
3583 endnetent, endprotoent, endservent, getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob,
3584 gmtime, ioctl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, kill, link, localtime, lstat,
3585 msgctl, msgget, msgsnd, msgrcv, open, pipe, readlink, rename, select,
3586 semctl, semget, semop, setgrent, setpgrp, setpriority, setpwent,
3587 setsockopt, shmctl, shmget, shmread, shmwrite, sockatmark, socketpair,
3588 stat, symlink, syscall, sysopen, system, times, truncate, umask, utime,
3593 =item Supported Platforms
3597 =item AUTHORS / CONTRIBUTORS
3601 =head2 perllocale - Perl locale handling (internationalization and
3608 =item PREPARING TO USE LOCALES
3614 =item The use locale pragma
3616 =item The setlocale function
3618 =item Finding locales
3620 =item LOCALE PROBLEMS
3622 =item Temporarily fixing locale problems
3624 =item Permanently fixing locale problems
3626 =item Permanently fixing your system's locale configuration
3628 =item Fixing system locale configuration
3630 =item The localeconv function
3632 =item I18N::Langinfo
3636 =item LOCALE CATEGORIES
3640 =item Category LC_COLLATE: Collation
3642 =item Category LC_CTYPE: Character Types
3644 =item Category LC_NUMERIC: Numeric Formatting
3646 =item Category LC_MONETARY: Formatting of monetary amounts
3650 =item Other categories
3658 PERL_BADLANG, LC_ALL, LANGUAGE, LC_CTYPE, LC_COLLATE, LC_MONETARY,
3659 LC_NUMERIC, LC_TIME, LANG
3665 =item Backward compatibility
3667 =item I18N:Collate obsolete
3669 =item Sort speed and memory use impacts
3671 =item write() and LC_NUMERIC
3673 =item Freely available locale definitions
3677 =item An imperfect standard
3681 =item Unicode and UTF-8
3687 =item Broken systems
3697 =head2 perluniintro - Perl Unicode introduction
3707 =item Perl's Unicode Support
3709 =item Perl's Unicode Model
3711 =item Unicode and EBCDIC
3713 =item Creating Unicode
3715 =item Handling Unicode
3717 =item Legacy Encodings
3721 =item Displaying Unicode As Text
3725 =item Advanced Topics
3729 =item Questions With Answers
3731 =item Hexadecimal Notation
3733 =item Further Resources
3737 =item UNICODE IN OLDER PERLS
3741 =item ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
3743 =item AUTHOR, COPYRIGHT, AND LICENSE
3747 =head2 perlunicode - Unicode support in Perl
3755 =item Important Caveats
3757 Input and Output Layers, Regular Expressions, C<use utf8> still needed to
3758 enable UTF-8/UTF-EBCDIC in scripts, BOM-marked scripts and UTF-16 scripts
3759 autodetected, C<use encoding> needed to upgrade non-Latin-1 byte strings
3761 =item Byte and Character Semantics
3763 =item Effects of Character Semantics
3769 =item User-Defined Character Properties
3771 =item Character Encodings for Input and Output
3773 =item Unicode Regular Expression Support Level
3775 =item Unicode Encodings
3777 =item Security Implications of Unicode
3779 =item Unicode in Perl on EBCDIC
3783 =item When Unicode Does Not Happen
3785 =item Forcing Unicode in Perl (Or Unforcing Unicode in Perl)
3787 =item Using Unicode in XS
3795 =item Interaction with Locales
3797 =item Interaction with Extensions
3801 =item Porting code from perl-5.6.X
3809 =head2 perlebcdic - Considerations for running Perl on EBCDIC platforms
3815 =item COMMON CHARACTER CODE SETS
3823 =item Latin 1 (ISO 8859-1)
3827 =item 13 variant characters
3835 =item Unicode code points versus EBCDIC code points
3837 =item Remaining Perl Unicode problems in EBCDIC
3839 =item Unicode and UTF
3845 =item SINGLE OCTET TABLES
3847 recipe 0, recipe 1, recipe 2, recipe 3, recipe 4, recipe 5, recipe 6
3849 =item IDENTIFYING CHARACTER CODE SETS
3863 =item OPERATOR DIFFERENCES
3865 =item FUNCTION DIFFERENCES
3867 chr(), ord(), pack(), print(), printf(), sort(), sprintf(), unpack()
3869 =item REGULAR EXPRESSION DIFFERENCES
3877 =item Ignore ASCII vs. EBCDIC sort differences.
3879 =item MONO CASE then sort data.
3881 =item Convert, sort data, then re convert.
3883 =item Perform sorting on one type of machine only.
3887 =item TRANSFORMATION FORMATS
3891 =item URL decoding and encoding
3893 =item uu encoding and decoding
3895 =item Quoted-Printable encoding and decoding
3897 =item Caesarian ciphers
3901 =item Hashing order and checksums
3905 =item MULTI OCTET CHARACTER SETS
3917 chcp, dataset access, OS/390, z/OS iconv, locales
3937 =head2 perlsec - Perl security
3945 =item Laundering and Detecting Tainted Data
3947 =item Switches On the "#!" Line
3949 =item Taint mode and @INC
3951 =item Cleaning Up Your Path
3955 =item Protecting Your Programs
3959 =item Algorithmic Complexity Attacks
3967 =head2 perlmod - Perl modules (packages and symbol tables)
3976 X<package> X<namespace> X<variable, global> X<global variable> X<global>
3979 X<symbol table> X<stash> X<%::> X<%main::> X<typeglob> X<glob> X<alias>
3981 =item BEGIN, CHECK, INIT and END
3982 X<BEGIN> X<CHECK> X<INIT> X<END>
3990 =item Making your module threadsafe
3991 X<threadsafe> X<thread safe>
3992 X<module, threadsafe> X<module, thread safe>
3993 X<CLONE> X<CLONE_SKIP> X<thread> X<threads> X<ithread>
4001 =head2 perlmodlib - constructing new Perl modules and finding existing ones
4005 =item THE PERL MODULE LIBRARY
4009 =item Pragmatic Modules
4011 assertions, assertions::activate, assertions::compat, attributes, attrs,
4012 autouse, base, bigint, bignum, bigrat, blib, bytes, charnames, constant,
4013 diagnostics, encoding, encoding::warnings, feature, fields, filetest, if,
4014 integer, less, lib, locale, open, ops, overload, re, sigtrap, sort, strict,
4015 subs, threads, threads::shared, utf8, vars, version, vmsish, warnings,
4018 =item Standard Modules
4020 AnyDBM_File, Archive::Tar, Archive::Tar::File, Attribute::Handlers,
4021 AutoLoader, AutoSplit, B, B::Asmdata, B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode,
4022 B::C, B::CC, B::Concise, B::Debug, B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint,
4023 B::Showlex, B::Stackobj, B::Stash, B::Terse, B::Xref, Benchmark,
4024 ByteLoader, CGI, CGI::Apache, CGI::Carp, CGI::Cookie, CGI::Fast,
4025 CGI::Pretty, CGI::Push, CGI::Switch, CGI::Util, CPAN, CPAN::FirstTime,
4026 CPAN::Nox, CPAN::Version, Carp, Carp::Heavy, Class::ISA, Class::Struct,
4027 Compress::Zlib, Compress::Zlib::pod::FAQ, Config, Cwd, DB, DBM_Filter,
4028 DB_File, Data::Dumper, Devel::DProf, Devel::PPPort, Devel::Peek,
4029 Devel::SelfStubber, Digest, Digest::MD5, Digest::SHA, Digest::base,
4030 Digest::file, DirHandle, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, Encode, Encode::Alias,
4031 Encode::Byte, Encode::CJKConstants, Encode::CN, Encode::CN::HZ,
4032 Encode::Config, Encode::EBCDIC, Encode::Encoder, Encode::Encoding,
4033 Encode::Guess, Encode::JP, Encode::JP::H2Z, Encode::JP::JIS7, Encode::KR,
4034 Encode::KR::2022_KR, Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::PerlIO,
4035 Encode::Supported, Encode::Symbol, Encode::TW, Encode::Unicode,
4036 Encode::Unicode::UTF7, English, Env, Errno, Exporter, Exporter::Heavy,
4037 ExtUtils::CBuilder, ExtUtils::CBuilder::Platform::Windows,
4038 ExtUtils::Command, ExtUtils::Command::MM, ExtUtils::Constant,
4039 ExtUtils::Constant::Base, ExtUtils::Constant::Utils,
4040 ExtUtils::Constant::XS, ExtUtils::Embed, ExtUtils::Install,
4041 ExtUtils::Installed, ExtUtils::Liblist, ExtUtils::MM, ExtUtils::MM_AIX,
4042 ExtUtils::MM_Any, ExtUtils::MM_BeOS, ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin, ExtUtils::MM_DOS,
4043 ExtUtils::MM_MacOS, ExtUtils::MM_NW5, ExtUtils::MM_OS2, ExtUtils::MM_QNX,
4044 ExtUtils::MM_UWIN, ExtUtils::MM_Unix, ExtUtils::MM_VMS, ExtUtils::MM_VOS,
4045 ExtUtils::MM_Win32, ExtUtils::MM_Win95, ExtUtils::MY, ExtUtils::MakeMaker,
4046 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Config, ExtUtils::MakeMaker::FAQ,
4047 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Tutorial, ExtUtils::MakeMaker::bytes,
4048 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::vmsish, ExtUtils::Manifest, ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap,
4049 ExtUtils::Mksymlists, ExtUtils::Packlist, ExtUtils::ParseXS,
4050 ExtUtils::testlib, Fatal, Fcntl, File::Basename, File::CheckTree,
4051 File::Compare, File::Copy, File::DosGlob, File::Find, File::Glob,
4052 File::GlobMapper, File::Path, File::Spec, File::Spec::Cygwin,
4053 File::Spec::Epoc, File::Spec::Functions, File::Spec::Mac, File::Spec::OS2,
4054 File::Spec::Unix, File::Spec::VMS, File::Spec::Win32, File::Temp,
4055 File::stat, FileCache, FileHandle, Filter::Simple, Filter::Util::Call,
4056 FindBin, GDBM_File, Getopt::Long, Getopt::Std, Hash::Util, I18N::Collate,
4057 I18N::LangTags, I18N::LangTags::Detect, I18N::LangTags::List,
4058 I18N::Langinfo, IO, IO::Compress::Deflate, IO::Compress::Gzip,
4059 IO::Compress::RawDeflate, IO::Dir, IO::File, IO::Handle, IO::Pipe,
4060 IO::Poll, IO::Seekable, IO::Select, IO::Socket, IO::Socket::INET,
4061 IO::Socket::UNIX, IO::Uncompress::AnyInflate, IO::Uncompress::Gunzip,
4062 IO::Uncompress::Inflate, IO::Uncompress::RawInflate, IO::Zlib, IPC::Open2,
4063 IPC::Open3, IPC::SysV, IPC::SysV::Msg, IPC::SysV::Semaphore, List::Util,
4064 Locale::Constants, Locale::Country, Locale::Currency, Locale::Language,
4065 Locale::Maketext, Locale::Maketext::TPJ13, Locale::Script, MIME::Base64,
4066 MIME::Base64::QuotedPrint, Math::BigFloat, Math::BigInt,
4067 Math::BigInt::Calc, Math::BigInt::CalcEmu, Math::BigInt::FastCalc,
4068 Math::BigRat, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Memoize, Memoize::AnyDBM_File,
4069 Memoize::Expire, Memoize::ExpireFile, Memoize::ExpireTest,
4070 Memoize::NDBM_File, Memoize::SDBM_File, Memoize::Storable,
4071 Module::CoreList, NDBM_File, NEXT, Net::Cmd, Net::Config, Net::Domain,
4072 Net::FTP, Net::NNTP, Net::Netrc, Net::POP3, Net::Ping, Net::SMTP,
4073 Net::Time, Net::hostent, Net::libnetFAQ, Net::netent, Net::protoent,
4074 Net::servent, O, ODBM_File, Opcode, POSIX, PerlIO, PerlIO::encoding,
4075 PerlIO::scalar, PerlIO::via, PerlIO::via::QuotedPrint, Pod::Checker,
4076 Pod::Escapes, Pod::Find, Pod::Functions, Pod::Html, Pod::InputObjects,
4077 Pod::LaTeX, Pod::Man, Pod::ParseLink, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Parser,
4078 Pod::Perldoc::ToChecker, Pod::Perldoc::ToMan, Pod::Perldoc::ToNroff,
4079 Pod::Perldoc::ToPod, Pod::Perldoc::ToRtf, Pod::Perldoc::ToText,
4080 Pod::Perldoc::ToTk, Pod::Perldoc::ToXml, Pod::PlainText, Pod::Plainer,
4081 Pod::Select, Pod::Simple, Pod::Simple::Checker, Pod::Simple::Debug,
4082 Pod::Simple::DumpAsText, Pod::Simple::DumpAsXML, Pod::Simple::HTML,
4083 Pod::Simple::HTMLBatch, Pod::Simple::LinkSection, Pod::Simple::Methody,
4084 Pod::Simple::PullParser, Pod::Simple::PullParserEndToken,
4085 Pod::Simple::PullParserStartToken, Pod::Simple::PullParserTextToken,
4086 Pod::Simple::PullParserToken, Pod::Simple::RTF, Pod::Simple::Search,
4087 Pod::Simple::SimpleTree, Pod::Simple::Subclassing, Pod::Simple::Text,
4088 Pod::Simple::TextContent, Pod::Simple::XMLOutStream, Pod::Text,
4089 Pod::Text::Color, Pod::Text::Overstrike, Pod::Text::Termcap, Pod::Usage,
4090 SDBM_File, Safe, Scalar::Util, Search::Dict, SelectSaver, SelfLoader,
4091 Shell, Socket, Storable, Switch, Symbol, Sys::Hostname, Sys::Syslog,
4092 Term::ANSIColor, Term::Cap, Term::Complete, Term::ReadLine, Test,
4093 Test::Builder, Test::Builder::Module, Test::Builder::Tester,
4094 Test::Builder::Tester::Color, Test::Harness, Test::Harness::Assert,
4095 Test::Harness::Iterator, Test::Harness::Point, Test::Harness::Straps,
4096 Test::Harness::TAP, Test::More, Test::Simple, Test::Tutorial, Text::Abbrev,
4097 Text::Balanced, Text::ParseWords, Text::Soundex, Text::Tabs, Text::Wrap,
4098 Thread, Thread::Queue, Thread::Semaphore, Thread::Signal, Thread::Specific,
4099 Tie::Array, Tie::File, Tie::Handle, Tie::Hash, Tie::Memoize, Tie::RefHash,
4100 Tie::Scalar, Tie::SubstrHash, Time::HiRes, Time::Local, Time::gmtime,
4101 Time::localtime, Time::tm, UNIVERSAL, Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Normalize,
4102 Unicode::UCD, User::grent, User::pwent, XS::APItest, XS::Typemap, XSLoader
4104 =item Extension Modules
4118 China, Indonesia, Israel, Japan, Malaysia, Russian Federation, Saudi
4119 Arabia, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand
4121 =item Central America
4127 Austria, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech
4128 Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary,
4129 Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
4130 Portugal, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
4131 Turkey, Ukraine, United Kingdom
4135 Canada, Alberta, Manitoba, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Mexico, United States,
4136 Alabama, California, Colorado, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida,
4137 Indiana, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Michigan, Nevada, New Jersey, New York,
4138 North Carolina, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Texas, Utah,
4139 Virginia, Washington, Wisconsin
4143 Australia, New Zealand, United States
4147 Argentina, Brazil, Chile
4153 =item Modules: Creation, Use, and Abuse
4157 =item Guidelines for Module Creation
4159 =item Guidelines for Converting Perl 4 Library Scripts into Modules
4161 =item Guidelines for Reusing Application Code
4169 =head2 perlmodstyle - Perl module style guide
4175 =item QUICK CHECKLIST
4179 =item Before you start
4187 =item Release considerations
4191 =item BEFORE YOU START WRITING A MODULE
4195 =item Has it been done before?
4197 =item Do one thing and do it well
4199 =item What's in a name?
4203 =item DESIGNING AND WRITING YOUR MODULE
4207 =item To OO or not to OO?
4209 =item Designing your API
4211 Write simple routines to do simple things, Separate functionality from
4212 output, Provide sensible shortcuts and defaults, Naming conventions,
4215 =item Strictness and warnings
4217 =item Backwards compatibility
4219 =item Error handling and messages
4223 =item DOCUMENTING YOUR MODULE
4229 =item README, INSTALL, release notes, changelogs
4231 perl Makefile.PL, make, make test, make install, perl Build.PL, perl Build,
4232 perl Build test, perl Build install
4236 =item RELEASE CONSIDERATIONS
4240 =item Version numbering
4242 =item Pre-requisites
4252 =item COMMON PITFALLS
4256 =item Reinventing the wheel
4258 =item Trying to do too much
4260 =item Inappropriate documentation
4266 L<perlstyle>, L<perlnewmod>, L<perlpod>, L<podchecker>, Packaging Tools,
4267 Testing tools, http://pause.perl.org/, Any good book on software
4274 =head2 perlmodinstall - Installing CPAN Modules
4284 B<DECOMPRESS> the file, B<UNPACK> the file into a directory, B<BUILD> the
4285 module (sometimes unnecessary), B<INSTALL> the module
4299 =head2 perlnewmod - preparing a new module for distribution
4309 =item What should I make into a module?
4311 =item Step-by-step: Preparing the ground
4313 Look around, Check it's new, Discuss the need, Choose a name, Check again
4315 =item Step-by-step: Making the module
4317 Start with F<module-starter> or F<h2xs>, Use L<strict|strict> and
4318 L<warnings|warnings>, Use L<Carp|Carp>, Use L<Exporter|Exporter> - wisely!,
4319 Use L<plain old documentation|perlpod>, Write tests, Write the README
4321 =item Step-by-step: Distributing your module
4323 Get a CPAN user ID, C<perl Makefile.PL; make test; make dist>, Upload the
4324 tarball, Announce to the modules list, Announce to clpa, Fix bugs!
4334 =head2 perlutil - utilities packaged with the Perl distribution
4344 L<perldoc|perldoc>, L<pod2man|pod2man> and L<pod2text|pod2text>,
4345 L<pod2html|pod2html> and L<pod2latex|pod2latex>, L<pod2usage|pod2usage>,
4346 L<podselect|podselect>, L<podchecker|podchecker>, L<splain|splain>,
4347 L<roffitall|roffitall>
4351 L<a2p|a2p>, L<s2p|s2p>, L<find2perl|find2perl>
4353 =item Administration
4355 L<libnetcfg|libnetcfg>
4359 L<perlbug|perlbug>, L<h2ph|h2ph>, L<c2ph|c2ph> and L<pstruct|pstruct>,
4360 L<h2xs|h2xs>, L<dprofpp|dprofpp>, L<perlcc|perlcc>
4368 =head2 perlcompile - Introduction to the Perl Compiler-Translator
4378 B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Lint, B::Deparse, B::Xref
4382 =item Using The Back Ends
4386 =item The Cross Referencing Back End
4390 =item The Decompiling Back End
4392 =item The Lint Back End
4394 =item The Simple C Back End
4396 =item The Bytecode Back End
4398 =item The Optimized C Back End
4402 =item Module List for the Compiler Suite
4404 B, O, B::Asmdata, B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC,
4405 B::Concise, B::Debug, B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex,
4406 B::Stackobj, B::Stash, B::Terse, B::Xref
4408 =item KNOWN PROBLEMS
4414 =head2 perlfilter - Source Filters
4424 =item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER
4426 =item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN C
4428 B<Decryption Filters>
4430 =item CREATING A SOURCE FILTER AS A SEPARATE EXECUTABLE
4432 =item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN PERL
4434 =item USING CONTEXT: THE DEBUG FILTER
4438 =item THINGS TO LOOK OUT FOR
4440 Some Filters Clobber the C<DATA> Handle
4450 =head2 perlglossary - Perl Glossary
4460 accessor methods, actual arguments, address operator, algorithm, alias,
4461 alternatives, anonymous, architecture, argument, ARGV, arithmetical
4462 operator, array, array context, ASCII, assertion, assignment, assignment
4463 operator, associative array, associativity, asynchronous, atom, atomic
4464 operation, attribute, autogeneration, autoincrement, autoload, autosplit,
4465 autovivification, AV, awk
4469 backreference, backtracking, backward compatibility, bareword, base class,
4470 big-endian, binary, binary operator, bind, bit, bit shift, bit string,
4471 bless, block, BLOCK, block buffering, Boolean, Boolean context, breakpoint,
4472 broadcast, BSD, bucket, buffer, built-in, bundle, byte, bytecode
4476 C, C preprocessor, call by reference, call by value, callback, canonical,
4477 capturing, character, character class, character property, circumfix
4478 operator, class, class method, client, cloister, closure, cluster, CODE,
4479 code generator, code subpattern, collating sequence, command, command
4480 buffering, command name, command-line arguments, comment, compilation unit,
4481 compile phase, compile time, compiler, composer, concatenation,
4482 conditional, connection, construct, constructor, context, continuation,
4483 core dump, CPAN, cracker, current package, current working directory,
4484 currently selected output channel, CV
4488 dangling statement, data structure, data type, datagram, DBM, declaration,
4489 decrement, default, defined, delimiter, dereference, derived class,
4490 descriptor, destroy, destructor, device, directive, directory, directory
4491 handle, dispatch, distribution, dweomer, dwimmer, dynamic scoping
4495 eclectic, element, embedding, empty subclass test, en passant,
4496 encapsulation, endian, environment, environment variable, EOF, errno,
4497 error, escape sequence, exception, exception handling, exec, executable
4498 file, execute, execute bit, exit status, export, expression, extension
4502 false, FAQ, fatal error, field, FIFO, file, file descriptor, file test
4503 operator, fileglob, filehandle, filename, filesystem, filter, flag,
4504 floating point, flush, FMTEYEWTK, fork, formal arguments, format, freely
4505 available, freely redistributable, freeware, function, funny character,
4510 GID, glob, global, global destruction, glue language, granularity, greedy,
4515 hacker, handler, hard reference, hash, hash table, header file, here
4516 document, hexadecimal, home directory, host, hubris, HV
4520 identifier, impatience, implementation, import, increment, indexing,
4521 indirect filehandle, indirect object, indirect object slot, indirection,
4522 infix, inheritance, instance, instance variable, integer, interface,
4523 interpolation, interpreter, invocant, invocation, I/O, IO, IP, IPC, is-a,
4524 iteration, iterator, IV
4536 label, laziness, left shift, leftmost longest, lexeme, lexer, lexical
4537 analysis, lexical scoping, lexical variable, library, LIFO, line, line
4538 buffering, line number, link, LIST, list, list context, list operator, list
4539 value, literal, little-endian, local, logical operator, lookahead,
4540 lookbehind, loop, loop control statement, loop label, lvaluable, lvalue,
4545 magic, magical increment, magical variables, Makefile, man, manpage,
4546 matching, member data, memory, metacharacter, metasymbol, method,
4547 minimalism, mode, modifier, module, modulus, monger, mortal,
4548 multidimensional array, multiple inheritance
4552 named pipe, namespace, network address, newline, NFS, null character, null
4553 list, null string, numeric context, NV, nybble
4557 object, octal, offset, one-liner, open source software, operand, operating
4558 system, operator, operator overloading, options, overloading, overriding,
4563 package, pad, parameter, parent class, parse tree, parsing, patch, PATH,
4564 pathname, pattern, pattern matching, permission bits, Pern, pipe, pipeline,
4565 platform, pod, pointer, polymorphism, port, portable, porter, POSIX,
4566 postfix, pp, pragma, precedence, prefix, preprocessing, procedure, process,
4567 program generator, progressive matching, property, protocol, prototype,
4568 pseudofunction, pseudohash, pseudoliteral, public domain, pumpkin,
4573 qualified, quantifier
4577 readable, reaping, record, recursion, reference, referent, regex, regular
4578 expression, regular expression modifier, regular file, relational operator,
4579 reserved words, return value, RFC, right shift, root, RTFM, run phase, run
4580 time, run-time pattern, RV, rvalue
4584 scalar, scalar context, scalar literal, scalar value, scalar variable,
4585 scope, scratchpad, script, script kiddie, sed, semaphore, separator,
4586 serialization, server, service, setgid, setuid, shared memory, shebang,
4587 shell, side effects, signal, signal handler, single inheritance, slice,
4588 slurp, socket, soft reference, source filter, stack, standard, standard
4589 error, standard I/O, standard input, standard output, stat structure,
4590 statement, statement modifier, static, static method, static scoping,
4591 static variable, status, STDERR, STDIN, STDIO, STDOUT, stream, string,
4592 string context, stringification, struct, structure, subclass, subpattern,
4593 subroutine, subscript, substitution, substring, superclass, superuser, SV,
4594 switch, switch cluster, switch statement, symbol, symbol table, symbolic
4595 debugger, symbolic link, symbolic reference, synchronous, syntactic sugar,
4596 syntax, syntax tree, syscall
4600 tainted, TCP, term, terminator, ternary, text, thread, tie, TMTOWTDI,
4601 token, tokener, tokenizing, toolbox approach, transliterate, trigger,
4602 trinary, troff, true, truncating, type, type casting, typed lexical,
4603 typedef, typeglob, typemap
4607 UDP, UID, umask, unary operator, Unicode, Unix
4611 value, variable, variable interpolation, variadic, vector, virtual, void
4616 warning, watch expression, whitespace, word, working directory, wrapper,
4633 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
4637 =head2 perlembed - how to embed perl in your C program
4647 B<Use C from Perl?>, B<Use a Unix program from Perl?>, B<Use Perl from
4648 Perl?>, B<Use C from C?>, B<Use Perl from C?>
4652 =item Compiling your C program
4654 =item Adding a Perl interpreter to your C program
4656 =item Calling a Perl subroutine from your C program
4658 =item Evaluating a Perl statement from your C program
4660 =item Performing Perl pattern matches and substitutions from your C program
4662 =item Fiddling with the Perl stack from your C program
4664 =item Maintaining a persistent interpreter
4666 =item Execution of END blocks
4668 =item $0 assignments
4670 =item Maintaining multiple interpreter instances
4672 =item Using Perl modules, which themselves use C libraries, from your C
4677 =item Embedding Perl under Win32
4689 =head2 perldebguts - Guts of Perl debugging
4695 =item Debugger Internals
4699 =item Writing Your Own Debugger
4703 =item Frame Listing Output Examples
4705 =item Debugging regular expressions
4709 =item Compile-time output
4711 C<anchored> I<STRING> C<at> I<POS>, C<floating> I<STRING> C<at>
4712 I<POS1..POS2>, C<matching floating/anchored>, C<minlen>, C<stclass>
4713 I<TYPE>, C<noscan>, C<isall>, C<GPOS>, C<plus>, C<implicit>, C<with eval>,
4716 =item Types of nodes
4718 =item Run-time output
4722 =item Debugging Perl memory usage
4726 =item Using C<$ENV{PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS}>
4728 C<buckets SMALLEST(APPROX)..GREATEST(APPROX)>, Free/Used, C<Total sbrk():
4729 SBRKed/SBRKs:CONTINUOUS>, C<pad: 0>, C<heads: 2192>, C<chain: 0>, C<tail:
4738 =head2 perlxstut, perlXStut - Tutorial for writing XSUBs
4750 =item Version caveat
4752 =item Dynamic Loading versus Static Loading
4764 =item What has gone on?
4766 =item Writing good test scripts
4770 =item What's new here?
4772 =item Input and Output Parameters
4774 =item The XSUBPP Program
4776 =item The TYPEMAP file
4778 =item Warning about Output Arguments
4782 =item What has happened here?
4784 =item Anatomy of .xs file
4786 =item Getting the fat out of XSUBs
4788 =item More about XSUB arguments
4790 =item The Argument Stack
4792 =item Extending your Extension
4794 =item Documenting your Extension
4796 =item Installing your Extension
4800 =item New Things in this Example
4804 =item New Things in this Example
4806 =item EXAMPLE 7 (Coming Soon)
4808 =item EXAMPLE 8 (Coming Soon)
4810 =item EXAMPLE 9 Passing open files to XSes
4812 =item Troubleshooting these Examples
4828 =head2 perlxs - XS language reference manual
4840 =item The Anatomy of an XSUB
4842 =item The Argument Stack
4844 =item The RETVAL Variable
4846 =item Returning SVs, AVs and HVs through RETVAL
4848 =item The MODULE Keyword
4850 =item The PACKAGE Keyword
4852 =item The PREFIX Keyword
4854 =item The OUTPUT: Keyword
4856 =item The NO_OUTPUT Keyword
4858 =item The CODE: Keyword
4860 =item The INIT: Keyword
4862 =item The NO_INIT Keyword
4864 =item Initializing Function Parameters
4866 =item Default Parameter Values
4868 =item The PREINIT: Keyword
4870 =item The SCOPE: Keyword
4872 =item The INPUT: Keyword
4874 =item The IN/OUTLIST/IN_OUTLIST/OUT/IN_OUT Keywords
4876 =item The C<length(NAME)> Keyword
4878 =item Variable-length Parameter Lists
4880 =item The C_ARGS: Keyword
4882 =item The PPCODE: Keyword
4884 =item Returning Undef And Empty Lists
4886 =item The REQUIRE: Keyword
4888 =item The CLEANUP: Keyword
4890 =item The POSTCALL: Keyword
4892 =item The BOOT: Keyword
4894 =item The VERSIONCHECK: Keyword
4896 =item The PROTOTYPES: Keyword
4898 =item The PROTOTYPE: Keyword
4900 =item The ALIAS: Keyword
4902 =item The OVERLOAD: Keyword
4904 =item The FALLBACK: Keyword
4906 =item The INTERFACE: Keyword
4908 =item The INTERFACE_MACRO: Keyword
4910 =item The INCLUDE: Keyword
4912 =item The CASE: Keyword
4914 =item The & Unary Operator
4916 =item Inserting POD, Comments and C Preprocessor Directives
4918 =item Using XS With C++
4920 =item Interface Strategy
4922 =item Perl Objects And C Structures
4926 =item Safely Storing Static Data in XS
4928 MY_CXT_KEY, typedef my_cxt_t, START_MY_CXT, MY_CXT_INIT, dMY_CXT, MY_CXT,
4929 aMY_CXT/pMY_CXT, MY_CXT_CLONE, MY_CXT_INIT_INTERP(my_perl),
4930 dMY_CXT_INTERP(my_perl)
4942 =head2 perlclib - Internal replacements for standard C library functions
4952 C<t>, C<p>, C<n>, C<s>
4954 =item File Operations
4956 =item File Input and Output
4958 =item File Positioning
4960 =item Memory Management and String Handling
4962 =item Character Class Tests
4964 =item F<stdlib.h> functions
4966 =item Miscellaneous functions
4974 =head2 perlguts - Introduction to the Perl API
4986 =item What is an "IV"?
4988 =item Working with SVs
4992 =item What's Really Stored in an SV?
4994 =item Working with AVs
4996 =item Working with HVs
4998 =item Hash API Extensions
5000 =item AVs, HVs and undefined values
5004 =item Blessed References and Class Objects
5006 =item Creating New Variables
5008 GV_ADDMULTI, GV_ADDWARN
5010 =item Reference Counts and Mortality
5012 =item Stashes and Globs
5014 =item Double-Typed SVs
5016 =item Magic Variables
5018 =item Assigning Magic
5020 =item Magic Virtual Tables
5024 =item Understanding the Magic of Tied Hashes and Arrays
5026 =item Localizing changes
5028 C<SAVEINT(int i)>, C<SAVEIV(IV i)>, C<SAVEI32(I32 i)>, C<SAVELONG(long i)>,
5029 C<SAVESPTR(s)>, C<SAVEPPTR(p)>, C<SAVEFREESV(SV *sv)>, C<SAVEMORTALIZESV(SV
5030 *sv)>, C<SAVEFREEOP(OP *op)>, C<SAVEFREEPV(p)>, C<SAVECLEARSV(SV *sv)>,
5031 C<SAVEDELETE(HV *hv, char *key, I32 length)>,
5032 C<SAVEDESTRUCTOR(DESTRUCTORFUNC_NOCONTEXT_t f, void *p)>,
5033 C<SAVEDESTRUCTOR_X(DESTRUCTORFUNC_t f, void *p)>, C<SAVESTACK_POS()>, C<SV*
5034 save_scalar(GV *gv)>, C<AV* save_ary(GV *gv)>, C<HV* save_hash(GV *gv)>,
5035 C<void save_item(SV *item)>, C<void save_list(SV **sarg, I32 maxsarg)>,
5036 C<SV* save_svref(SV **sptr)>, C<void save_aptr(AV **aptr)>, C<void
5037 save_hptr(HV **hptr)>
5045 =item XSUBs and the Argument Stack
5047 =item Calling Perl Routines from within C Programs
5049 =item Memory Allocation
5053 =item Putting a C value on Perl stack
5057 =item Scratchpads and recursion
5067 =item Examining the tree
5069 =item Compile pass 1: check routines
5071 =item Compile pass 1a: constant folding
5073 =item Compile pass 2: context propagation
5075 =item Compile pass 3: peephole optimization
5077 =item Pluggable runops
5081 =item Examining internal data structures with the C<dump> functions
5083 =item How multiple interpreters and concurrency are supported
5087 =item Background and PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
5089 =item So what happened to dTHR?
5091 =item How do I use all this in extensions?
5093 =item Should I do anything special if I call perl from multiple threads?
5095 =item Future Plans and PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
5099 =item Internal Functions
5101 A, p, d, s, n, r, f, M, o, x, m, X, E, b, others
5105 =item Formatted Printing of IVs, UVs, and NVs
5107 =item Pointer-To-Integer and Integer-To-Pointer
5109 =item Exception Handling
5111 =item Source Documentation
5113 =item Backwards compatibility
5117 =item Unicode Support
5121 =item What B<is> Unicode, anyway?
5123 =item How can I recognise a UTF-8 string?
5125 =item How does UTF-8 represent Unicode characters?
5127 =item How does Perl store UTF-8 strings?
5129 =item How do I convert a string to UTF-8?
5131 =item Is there anything else I need to know?
5135 =item Custom Operators
5143 =head2 perlcall - Perl calling conventions from C
5149 An Error Handler, An Event Driven Program
5151 =item THE CALL_ FUNCTIONS
5153 call_sv, call_pv, call_method, call_argv
5173 =item Determining the Context
5181 =item No Parameters, Nothing returned
5183 =item Passing Parameters
5185 =item Returning a Scalar
5187 =item Returning a list of values
5189 =item Returning a list in a scalar context
5191 =item Returning Data from Perl via the parameter list
5195 =item Using G_KEEPERR
5199 =item Using call_argv
5201 =item Using call_method
5205 =item Using Perl to dispose of temporaries
5207 =item Strategies for storing Callback Context Information
5209 1. Ignore the problem - Allow only 1 callback, 2. Create a sequence of
5210 callbacks - hard wired limit, 3. Use a parameter to map to the Perl
5213 =item Alternate Stack Manipulation
5215 =item Creating and calling an anonymous subroutine in C
5219 =item LIGHTWEIGHT CALLBACKS
5229 =head2 perlapi - autogenerated documentation for the perl public API
5234 X<Perl API> X<API> X<api>
5236 =item "Gimme" Values
5238 GIMME X<GIMME>, GIMME_V X<GIMME_V>, G_ARRAY X<G_ARRAY>, G_DISCARD
5239 X<G_DISCARD>, G_EVAL X<G_EVAL>, G_NOARGS X<G_NOARGS>, G_SCALAR X<G_SCALAR>,
5242 =item Array Manipulation Functions
5244 AvFILL X<AvFILL>, av_clear X<av_clear>, av_delete X<av_delete>, av_exists
5245 X<av_exists>, av_extend X<av_extend>, av_fetch X<av_fetch>, av_fill
5246 X<av_fill>, av_len X<av_len>, av_make X<av_make>, av_pop X<av_pop>, av_push
5247 X<av_push>, av_shift X<av_shift>, av_store X<av_store>, av_undef
5248 X<av_undef>, av_unshift X<av_unshift>, get_av X<get_av>, newAV X<newAV>,
5249 sortsv X<sortsv>, sortsv_flags X<sortsv_flags>
5251 =item Callback Functions
5253 call_argv X<call_argv>, call_method X<call_method>, call_pv X<call_pv>,
5254 call_sv X<call_sv>, ENTER X<ENTER>, eval_pv X<eval_pv>, eval_sv X<eval_sv>,
5255 FREETMPS X<FREETMPS>, LEAVE X<LEAVE>, SAVETMPS X<SAVETMPS>
5257 =item Character classes
5259 isALNUM X<isALNUM>, isALPHA X<isALPHA>, isDIGIT X<isDIGIT>, isLOWER
5260 X<isLOWER>, isSPACE X<isSPACE>, isUPPER X<isUPPER>, toLOWER X<toLOWER>,
5263 =item Cloning an interpreter
5265 perl_clone X<perl_clone>
5267 =item CV Manipulation Functions
5269 CvSTASH X<CvSTASH>, get_cv X<get_cv>
5271 =item Embedding Functions
5273 cv_undef X<cv_undef>, load_module X<load_module>, nothreadhook
5274 X<nothreadhook>, perl_alloc X<perl_alloc>, perl_construct
5275 X<perl_construct>, perl_destruct X<perl_destruct>, perl_free X<perl_free>,
5276 perl_parse X<perl_parse>, perl_run X<perl_run>, require_pv X<require_pv>
5278 =item Functions in file mathoms.c
5280 gv_fetchmethod X<gv_fetchmethod>, sv_2pvbyte_nolen X<sv_2pvbyte_nolen>,
5281 sv_2pvutf8_nolen X<sv_2pvutf8_nolen>, sv_2pv_nolen X<sv_2pv_nolen>,
5282 sv_catpvn_mg X<sv_catpvn_mg>, sv_catsv_mg X<sv_catsv_mg>, sv_force_normal
5283 X<sv_force_normal>, sv_iv X<sv_iv>, sv_nolocking X<sv_nolocking>,
5284 sv_nounlocking X<sv_nounlocking>, sv_nv X<sv_nv>, sv_pv X<sv_pv>, sv_pvbyte
5285 X<sv_pvbyte>, sv_pvbyten X<sv_pvbyten>, sv_pvn X<sv_pvn>, sv_pvutf8
5286 X<sv_pvutf8>, sv_pvutf8n X<sv_pvutf8n>, sv_taint X<sv_taint>, sv_unref
5287 X<sv_unref>, sv_uv X<sv_uv>
5289 =item Functions in file pp_pack.c
5291 packlist X<packlist>, pack_cat X<pack_cat>, unpackstring X<unpackstring>,
5292 unpack_str X<unpack_str>
5294 =item Global Variables
5296 PL_modglobal X<PL_modglobal>, PL_na X<PL_na>, PL_sv_no X<PL_sv_no>,
5297 PL_sv_undef X<PL_sv_undef>, PL_sv_yes X<PL_sv_yes>
5301 GvSV X<GvSV>, gv_const_sv X<gv_const_sv>, gv_fetchmeth X<gv_fetchmeth>,
5302 gv_fetchmethod_autoload X<gv_fetchmethod_autoload>, gv_fetchmeth_autoload
5303 X<gv_fetchmeth_autoload>, gv_stashpv X<gv_stashpv>, gv_stashpvn
5304 X<gv_stashpvn>, gv_stashsv X<gv_stashsv>
5308 Nullav X<Nullav>, Nullch X<Nullch>, Nullcv X<Nullcv>, Nullhv X<Nullhv>,
5311 =item Hash Manipulation Functions
5313 get_hv X<get_hv>, HEf_SVKEY X<HEf_SVKEY>, HeHASH X<HeHASH>, HeKEY X<HeKEY>,
5314 HeKLEN X<HeKLEN>, HePV X<HePV>, HeSVKEY X<HeSVKEY>, HeSVKEY_force
5315 X<HeSVKEY_force>, HeSVKEY_set X<HeSVKEY_set>, HeVAL X<HeVAL>, HvNAME
5316 X<HvNAME>, hv_assert X<hv_assert>, hv_clear X<hv_clear>,
5317 hv_clear_placeholders X<hv_clear_placeholders>, hv_delete X<hv_delete>,
5318 hv_delete_ent X<hv_delete_ent>, hv_exists X<hv_exists>, hv_exists_ent
5319 X<hv_exists_ent>, hv_fetch X<hv_fetch>, hv_fetch_ent X<hv_fetch_ent>,
5320 hv_iterinit X<hv_iterinit>, hv_iterkey X<hv_iterkey>, hv_iterkeysv
5321 X<hv_iterkeysv>, hv_iternext X<hv_iternext>, hv_iternextsv
5322 X<hv_iternextsv>, hv_iternext_flags X<hv_iternext_flags>, hv_iterval
5323 X<hv_iterval>, hv_magic X<hv_magic>, hv_scalar X<hv_scalar>, hv_store
5324 X<hv_store>, hv_store_ent X<hv_store_ent>, hv_undef X<hv_undef>, newHV
5327 =item Magical Functions
5329 mg_clear X<mg_clear>, mg_copy X<mg_copy>, mg_find X<mg_find>, mg_free
5330 X<mg_free>, mg_get X<mg_get>, mg_length X<mg_length>, mg_magical
5331 X<mg_magical>, mg_set X<mg_set>, SvGETMAGIC X<SvGETMAGIC>, SvLOCK
5332 X<SvLOCK>, SvSETMAGIC X<SvSETMAGIC>, SvSetMagicSV X<SvSetMagicSV>,
5333 SvSetMagicSV_nosteal X<SvSetMagicSV_nosteal>, SvSetSV X<SvSetSV>,
5334 SvSetSV_nosteal X<SvSetSV_nosteal>, SvSHARE X<SvSHARE>, SvUNLOCK
5337 =item Memory Management
5339 Copy X<Copy>, CopyD X<CopyD>, Move X<Move>, MoveD X<MoveD>, Newx X<Newx>,
5340 Newxc X<Newxc>, Newxz X<Newxz>, Poison X<Poison>, Renew X<Renew>, Renewc
5341 X<Renewc>, Safefree X<Safefree>, savepv X<savepv>, savepvn X<savepvn>,
5342 savesharedpv X<savesharedpv>, savesvpv X<savesvpv>, StructCopy
5343 X<StructCopy>, Zero X<Zero>, ZeroD X<ZeroD>
5345 =item Miscellaneous Functions
5347 fbm_compile X<fbm_compile>, fbm_instr X<fbm_instr>, form X<form>, getcwd_sv
5348 X<getcwd_sv>, my_sprintf X<my_sprintf>, new_version X<new_version>,
5349 scan_version X<scan_version>, strEQ X<strEQ>, strGE X<strGE>, strGT
5350 X<strGT>, strLE X<strLE>, strLT X<strLT>, strNE X<strNE>, strnEQ X<strnEQ>,
5351 strnNE X<strnNE>, sv_nosharing X<sv_nosharing>, upg_version X<upg_version>,
5352 vcmp X<vcmp>, vnormal X<vnormal>, vnumify X<vnumify>, vstringify
5353 X<vstringify>, vverify X<vverify>
5355 =item Multicall Functions
5357 dMULTICALL X<dMULTICALL>, MULTICALL X<MULTICALL>, POP_MULTICALL
5358 X<POP_MULTICALL>, PUSH_MULTICALL X<PUSH_MULTICALL>
5360 =item Numeric functions
5362 grok_bin X<grok_bin>, grok_hex X<grok_hex>, grok_number X<grok_number>,
5363 grok_numeric_radix X<grok_numeric_radix>, grok_oct X<grok_oct>, scan_bin
5364 X<scan_bin>, scan_hex X<scan_hex>, scan_oct X<scan_oct>
5366 =item Optree Manipulation Functions
5368 cv_const_sv X<cv_const_sv>, newCONSTSUB X<newCONSTSUB>, newXS X<newXS>
5370 =item Pad Data Structures
5374 =item Simple Exception Handling Macros
5376 dXCPT X<dXCPT>, XCPT_CATCH X<XCPT_CATCH>, XCPT_RETHROW X<XCPT_RETHROW>,
5377 XCPT_TRY_END X<XCPT_TRY_END>, XCPT_TRY_START X<XCPT_TRY_START>
5379 =item Stack Manipulation Macros
5381 dMARK X<dMARK>, dORIGMARK X<dORIGMARK>, dSP X<dSP>, EXTEND X<EXTEND>, MARK
5382 X<MARK>, mPUSHi X<mPUSHi>, mPUSHn X<mPUSHn>, mPUSHp X<mPUSHp>, mPUSHu
5383 X<mPUSHu>, mXPUSHi X<mXPUSHi>, mXPUSHn X<mXPUSHn>, mXPUSHp X<mXPUSHp>,
5384 mXPUSHu X<mXPUSHu>, ORIGMARK X<ORIGMARK>, POPi X<POPi>, POPl X<POPl>, POPn
5385 X<POPn>, POPp X<POPp>, POPpbytex X<POPpbytex>, POPpx X<POPpx>, POPs
5386 X<POPs>, PUSHi X<PUSHi>, PUSHMARK X<PUSHMARK>, PUSHmortal X<PUSHmortal>,
5387 PUSHn X<PUSHn>, PUSHp X<PUSHp>, PUSHs X<PUSHs>, PUSHu X<PUSHu>, PUTBACK
5388 X<PUTBACK>, SP X<SP>, SPAGAIN X<SPAGAIN>, XPUSHi X<XPUSHi>, XPUSHmortal
5389 X<XPUSHmortal>, XPUSHn X<XPUSHn>, XPUSHp X<XPUSHp>, XPUSHs X<XPUSHs>,
5390 XPUSHu X<XPUSHu>, XSRETURN X<XSRETURN>, XSRETURN_EMPTY X<XSRETURN_EMPTY>,
5391 XSRETURN_IV X<XSRETURN_IV>, XSRETURN_NO X<XSRETURN_NO>, XSRETURN_NV
5392 X<XSRETURN_NV>, XSRETURN_PV X<XSRETURN_PV>, XSRETURN_UNDEF
5393 X<XSRETURN_UNDEF>, XSRETURN_UV X<XSRETURN_UV>, XSRETURN_YES
5394 X<XSRETURN_YES>, XST_mIV X<XST_mIV>, XST_mNO X<XST_mNO>, XST_mNV
5395 X<XST_mNV>, XST_mPV X<XST_mPV>, XST_mUNDEF X<XST_mUNDEF>, XST_mYES
5400 svtype X<svtype>, SVt_IV X<SVt_IV>, SVt_NV X<SVt_NV>, SVt_PV X<SVt_PV>,
5401 SVt_PVAV X<SVt_PVAV>, SVt_PVCV X<SVt_PVCV>, SVt_PVHV X<SVt_PVHV>, SVt_PVMG
5404 =item SV Manipulation Functions
5406 get_sv X<get_sv>, looks_like_number X<looks_like_number>, newRV_inc
5407 X<newRV_inc>, newRV_noinc X<newRV_noinc>, newSV X<newSV>, newSVhek
5408 X<newSVhek>, newSViv X<newSViv>, newSVnv X<newSVnv>, newSVpv X<newSVpv>,
5409 newSVpvf X<newSVpvf>, newSVpvn X<newSVpvn>, newSVpvn_share
5410 X<newSVpvn_share>, newSVrv X<newSVrv>, newSVsv X<newSVsv>, newSVuv
5411 X<newSVuv>, SvCUR X<SvCUR>, SvCUR_set X<SvCUR_set>, SvEND X<SvEND>, SvGROW
5412 X<SvGROW>, SvIOK X<SvIOK>, SvIOKp X<SvIOKp>, SvIOK_notUV X<SvIOK_notUV>,
5413 SvIOK_off X<SvIOK_off>, SvIOK_on X<SvIOK_on>, SvIOK_only X<SvIOK_only>,
5414 SvIOK_only_UV X<SvIOK_only_UV>, SvIOK_UV X<SvIOK_UV>, SvIsCOW X<SvIsCOW>,
5415 SvIsCOW_shared_hash X<SvIsCOW_shared_hash>, SvIV X<SvIV>, SvIVX X<SvIVX>,
5416 SvIVx X<SvIVx>, SvIV_nomg X<SvIV_nomg>, SvIV_set X<SvIV_set>, SvLEN
5417 X<SvLEN>, SvLEN_set X<SvLEN_set>, SvMAGIC_set X<SvMAGIC_set>, SvNIOK
5418 X<SvNIOK>, SvNIOKp X<SvNIOKp>, SvNIOK_off X<SvNIOK_off>, SvNOK X<SvNOK>,
5419 SvNOKp X<SvNOKp>, SvNOK_off X<SvNOK_off>, SvNOK_on X<SvNOK_on>, SvNOK_only
5420 X<SvNOK_only>, SvNV X<SvNV>, SvNVX X<SvNVX>, SvNVx X<SvNVx>, SvNV_set
5421 X<SvNV_set>, SvOK X<SvOK>, SvOOK X<SvOOK>, SvPOK X<SvPOK>, SvPOKp
5422 X<SvPOKp>, SvPOK_off X<SvPOK_off>, SvPOK_on X<SvPOK_on>, SvPOK_only
5423 X<SvPOK_only>, SvPOK_only_UTF8 X<SvPOK_only_UTF8>, SvPV X<SvPV>, SvPVbyte
5424 X<SvPVbyte>, SvPVbytex X<SvPVbytex>, SvPVbytex_force X<SvPVbytex_force>,
5425 SvPVbyte_force X<SvPVbyte_force>, SvPVbyte_nolen X<SvPVbyte_nolen>,
5426 SvPVutf8 X<SvPVutf8>, SvPVutf8x X<SvPVutf8x>, SvPVutf8x_force
5427 X<SvPVutf8x_force>, SvPVutf8_force X<SvPVutf8_force>, SvPVutf8_nolen
5428 X<SvPVutf8_nolen>, SvPVX X<SvPVX>, SvPVx X<SvPVx>, SvPV_force
5429 X<SvPV_force>, SvPV_force_nomg X<SvPV_force_nomg>, SvPV_nolen
5430 X<SvPV_nolen>, SvPV_nomg X<SvPV_nomg>, SvPV_set X<SvPV_set>, SvREFCNT
5431 X<SvREFCNT>, SvREFCNT_dec X<SvREFCNT_dec>, SvREFCNT_inc X<SvREFCNT_inc>,
5432 SvROK X<SvROK>, SvROK_off X<SvROK_off>, SvROK_on X<SvROK_on>, SvRV X<SvRV>,
5433 SvRV_set X<SvRV_set>, SvSTASH X<SvSTASH>, SvSTASH_set X<SvSTASH_set>,
5434 SvTAINT X<SvTAINT>, SvTAINTED X<SvTAINTED>, SvTAINTED_off X<SvTAINTED_off>,
5435 SvTAINTED_on X<SvTAINTED_on>, SvTRUE X<SvTRUE>, SvTYPE X<SvTYPE>, SvUOK
5436 X<SvUOK>, SvUPGRADE X<SvUPGRADE>, SvUTF8 X<SvUTF8>, SvUTF8_off
5437 X<SvUTF8_off>, SvUTF8_on X<SvUTF8_on>, SvUV X<SvUV>, SvUVX X<SvUVX>, SvUVx
5438 X<SvUVx>, SvUV_nomg X<SvUV_nomg>, SvUV_set X<SvUV_set>, SvVOK X<SvVOK>,
5439 sv_2bool X<sv_2bool>, sv_2cv X<sv_2cv>, sv_2io X<sv_2io>, sv_2iv_flags
5440 X<sv_2iv_flags>, sv_2mortal X<sv_2mortal>, sv_2nv X<sv_2nv>, sv_2pvbyte
5441 X<sv_2pvbyte>, sv_2pvutf8 X<sv_2pvutf8>, sv_2pv_flags X<sv_2pv_flags>,
5442 sv_2uv_flags X<sv_2uv_flags>, sv_backoff X<sv_backoff>, sv_bless
5443 X<sv_bless>, sv_catpv X<sv_catpv>, sv_catpvf X<sv_catpvf>, sv_catpvf_mg
5444 X<sv_catpvf_mg>, sv_catpvn X<sv_catpvn>, sv_catpvn_flags
5445 X<sv_catpvn_flags>, sv_catpvn_nomg X<sv_catpvn_nomg>, sv_catpv_mg
5446 X<sv_catpv_mg>, sv_catsv X<sv_catsv>, sv_catsv_flags X<sv_catsv_flags>,
5447 sv_catsv_nomg X<sv_catsv_nomg>, sv_chop X<sv_chop>, sv_clear X<sv_clear>,
5448 sv_cmp X<sv_cmp>, sv_cmp_locale X<sv_cmp_locale>, sv_collxfrm
5449 X<sv_collxfrm>, sv_copypv X<sv_copypv>, sv_dec X<sv_dec>, sv_derived_from
5450 X<sv_derived_from>, sv_eq X<sv_eq>, sv_force_normal_flags
5451 X<sv_force_normal_flags>, sv_free X<sv_free>, sv_gets X<sv_gets>, sv_grow
5452 X<sv_grow>, sv_inc X<sv_inc>, sv_insert X<sv_insert>, sv_isa X<sv_isa>,
5453 sv_isobject X<sv_isobject>, sv_len X<sv_len>, sv_len_utf8 X<sv_len_utf8>,
5454 sv_magic X<sv_magic>, sv_magicext X<sv_magicext>, sv_mortalcopy
5455 X<sv_mortalcopy>, sv_newmortal X<sv_newmortal>, sv_newref X<sv_newref>,
5456 sv_pos_b2u X<sv_pos_b2u>, sv_pos_u2b X<sv_pos_u2b>, sv_pvbyten_force
5457 X<sv_pvbyten_force>, sv_pvn_force X<sv_pvn_force>, sv_pvn_force_flags
5458 X<sv_pvn_force_flags>, sv_pvutf8n_force X<sv_pvutf8n_force>, sv_reftype
5459 X<sv_reftype>, sv_replace X<sv_replace>, sv_report_used X<sv_report_used>,
5460 sv_reset X<sv_reset>, sv_rvweaken X<sv_rvweaken>, sv_setiv X<sv_setiv>,
5461 sv_setiv_mg X<sv_setiv_mg>, sv_setnv X<sv_setnv>, sv_setnv_mg
5462 X<sv_setnv_mg>, sv_setpv X<sv_setpv>, sv_setpvf X<sv_setpvf>, sv_setpvf_mg
5463 X<sv_setpvf_mg>, sv_setpviv X<sv_setpviv>, sv_setpviv_mg X<sv_setpviv_mg>,
5464 sv_setpvn X<sv_setpvn>, sv_setpvn_mg X<sv_setpvn_mg>, sv_setpv_mg
5465 X<sv_setpv_mg>, sv_setref_iv X<sv_setref_iv>, sv_setref_nv X<sv_setref_nv>,
5466 sv_setref_pv X<sv_setref_pv>, sv_setref_pvn X<sv_setref_pvn>, sv_setref_uv
5467 X<sv_setref_uv>, sv_setsv X<sv_setsv>, sv_setsv_flags X<sv_setsv_flags>,
5468 sv_setsv_mg X<sv_setsv_mg>, sv_setsv_nomg X<sv_setsv_nomg>, sv_setuv
5469 X<sv_setuv>, sv_setuv_mg X<sv_setuv_mg>, sv_tainted X<sv_tainted>, sv_true
5470 X<sv_true>, sv_unmagic X<sv_unmagic>, sv_unref_flags X<sv_unref_flags>,
5471 sv_untaint X<sv_untaint>, sv_upgrade X<sv_upgrade>, sv_usepvn X<sv_usepvn>,
5472 sv_usepvn_mg X<sv_usepvn_mg>, sv_utf8_decode X<sv_utf8_decode>,
5473 sv_utf8_downgrade X<sv_utf8_downgrade>, sv_utf8_encode X<sv_utf8_encode>,
5474 sv_utf8_upgrade X<sv_utf8_upgrade>, sv_utf8_upgrade_flags
5475 X<sv_utf8_upgrade_flags>, sv_vcatpvf X<sv_vcatpvf>, sv_vcatpvfn
5476 X<sv_vcatpvfn>, sv_vcatpvf_mg X<sv_vcatpvf_mg>, sv_vsetpvf X<sv_vsetpvf>,
5477 sv_vsetpvfn X<sv_vsetpvfn>, sv_vsetpvf_mg X<sv_vsetpvf_mg>
5479 =item Unicode Support
5481 bytes_from_utf8 X<bytes_from_utf8>, bytes_to_utf8 X<bytes_to_utf8>,
5482 ibcmp_utf8 X<ibcmp_utf8>, is_utf8_char X<is_utf8_char>, is_utf8_string
5483 X<is_utf8_string>, is_utf8_string_loc X<is_utf8_string_loc>,
5484 is_utf8_string_loclen X<is_utf8_string_loclen>, pv_uni_display
5485 X<pv_uni_display>, sv_cat_decode X<sv_cat_decode>, sv_recode_to_utf8
5486 X<sv_recode_to_utf8>, sv_uni_display X<sv_uni_display>, to_utf8_case
5487 X<to_utf8_case>, to_utf8_fold X<to_utf8_fold>, to_utf8_lower
5488 X<to_utf8_lower>, to_utf8_title X<to_utf8_title>, to_utf8_upper
5489 X<to_utf8_upper>, utf8n_to_uvchr X<utf8n_to_uvchr>, utf8n_to_uvuni
5490 X<utf8n_to_uvuni>, utf8_distance X<utf8_distance>, utf8_hop X<utf8_hop>,
5491 utf8_length X<utf8_length>, utf8_to_bytes X<utf8_to_bytes>, utf8_to_uvchr
5492 X<utf8_to_uvchr>, utf8_to_uvuni X<utf8_to_uvuni>, uvchr_to_utf8
5493 X<uvchr_to_utf8>, uvuni_to_utf8_flags X<uvuni_to_utf8_flags>
5495 =item Variables created by C<xsubpp> and C<xsubpp> internal functions
5497 ax X<ax>, CLASS X<CLASS>, dAX X<dAX>, dAXMARK X<dAXMARK>, dITEMS X<dITEMS>,
5498 dUNDERBAR X<dUNDERBAR>, dXSARGS X<dXSARGS>, dXSI32 X<dXSI32>, items
5499 X<items>, ix X<ix>, newXSproto X<newXSproto>, RETVAL X<RETVAL>, ST X<ST>,
5500 THIS X<THIS>, UNDERBAR X<UNDERBAR>, XS X<XS>, XS_VERSION X<XS_VERSION>,
5501 XS_VERSION_BOOTCHECK X<XS_VERSION_BOOTCHECK>
5503 =item Warning and Dieing
5505 croak X<croak>, warn X<warn>
5513 =head2 perlintern - autogenerated documentation of purely B<internal>
5519 X<internal Perl functions> X<interpreter functions>
5521 =item CV reference counts and CvOUTSIDE
5523 CvWEAKOUTSIDE X<CvWEAKOUTSIDE>
5525 =item Functions in file pad.h
5527 CX_CURPAD_SAVE X<CX_CURPAD_SAVE>, CX_CURPAD_SV X<CX_CURPAD_SV>, PAD_BASE_SV
5528 X<PAD_BASE_SV>, PAD_CLONE_VARS X<PAD_CLONE_VARS>, PAD_COMPNAME_FLAGS
5529 X<PAD_COMPNAME_FLAGS>, PAD_COMPNAME_GEN X<PAD_COMPNAME_GEN>,
5530 PAD_COMPNAME_GEN_set X<PAD_COMPNAME_GEN_set>, PAD_COMPNAME_OURSTASH
5531 X<PAD_COMPNAME_OURSTASH>, PAD_COMPNAME_PV X<PAD_COMPNAME_PV>,
5532 PAD_COMPNAME_TYPE X<PAD_COMPNAME_TYPE>, PAD_DUP X<PAD_DUP>,
5533 PAD_RESTORE_LOCAL X<PAD_RESTORE_LOCAL>, PAD_SAVE_LOCAL X<PAD_SAVE_LOCAL>,
5534 PAD_SAVE_SETNULLPAD X<PAD_SAVE_SETNULLPAD>, PAD_SETSV X<PAD_SETSV>,
5535 PAD_SET_CUR X<PAD_SET_CUR>, PAD_SET_CUR_NOSAVE X<PAD_SET_CUR_NOSAVE>,
5536 PAD_SV X<PAD_SV>, PAD_SVl X<PAD_SVl>, SAVECLEARSV X<SAVECLEARSV>,
5537 SAVECOMPPAD X<SAVECOMPPAD>, SAVEPADSV X<SAVEPADSV>
5539 =item Functions in file pp_ctl.c
5541 find_runcv X<find_runcv>
5543 =item Global Variables
5545 PL_DBsingle X<PL_DBsingle>, PL_DBsub X<PL_DBsub>, PL_DBtrace X<PL_DBtrace>,
5546 PL_dowarn X<PL_dowarn>, PL_last_in_gv X<PL_last_in_gv>, PL_ofs_sv
5547 X<PL_ofs_sv>, PL_rs X<PL_rs>
5551 is_gv_magical X<is_gv_magical>, is_gv_magical_sv X<is_gv_magical_sv>
5555 start_glob X<start_glob>
5557 =item Magical Functions
5559 mg_localize X<mg_localize>
5561 =item Pad Data Structures
5563 CvPADLIST X<CvPADLIST>, cv_clone X<cv_clone>, cv_dump X<cv_dump>,
5564 do_dump_pad X<do_dump_pad>, intro_my X<intro_my>, pad_add_anon
5565 X<pad_add_anon>, pad_add_name X<pad_add_name>, pad_alloc X<pad_alloc>,
5566 pad_block_start X<pad_block_start>, pad_check_dup X<pad_check_dup>,
5567 pad_findlex X<pad_findlex>, pad_findmy X<pad_findmy>, pad_fixup_inner_anons
5568 X<pad_fixup_inner_anons>, pad_free X<pad_free>, pad_leavemy X<pad_leavemy>,
5569 pad_new X<pad_new>, pad_push X<pad_push>, pad_reset X<pad_reset>, pad_setsv
5570 X<pad_setsv>, pad_swipe X<pad_swipe>, pad_tidy X<pad_tidy>, pad_undef
5573 =item Stack Manipulation Macros
5575 djSP X<djSP>, LVRET X<LVRET>
5577 =item SV Manipulation Functions
5579 sv_add_arena X<sv_add_arena>, sv_clean_all X<sv_clean_all>, sv_clean_objs
5580 X<sv_clean_objs>, sv_free_arenas X<sv_free_arenas>
5582 =item Unicode Support
5584 find_uninit_var X<find_uninit_var>, report_uninit X<report_uninit>
5592 =head2 perliol - C API for Perl's implementation of IO in Layers.
5602 =item History and Background
5604 =item Basic Structure
5606 =item Layers vs Disciplines
5608 =item Data Structures
5610 =item Functions and Attributes
5612 =item Per-instance Data
5614 =item Layers in action.
5616 =item Per-instance flag bits
5618 PERLIO_F_EOF, PERLIO_F_CANWRITE, PERLIO_F_CANREAD, PERLIO_F_ERROR,
5619 PERLIO_F_TRUNCATE, PERLIO_F_APPEND, PERLIO_F_CRLF, PERLIO_F_UTF8,
5620 PERLIO_F_UNBUF, PERLIO_F_WRBUF, PERLIO_F_RDBUF, PERLIO_F_LINEBUF,
5621 PERLIO_F_TEMP, PERLIO_F_OPEN, PERLIO_F_FASTGETS
5623 =item Methods in Detail
5625 fsize, name, size, kind, PERLIO_K_BUFFERED, PERLIO_K_RAW, PERLIO_K_CANCRLF,
5626 PERLIO_K_FASTGETS, PERLIO_K_MULTIARG, Pushed, Popped, Open, Binmode,
5627 Getarg, Fileno, Dup, Read, Write, Seek, Tell, Close, Flush, Fill, Eof,
5628 Error, Clearerr, Setlinebuf, Get_base, Get_bufsiz, Get_ptr, Get_cnt,
5633 =item Implementing PerlIO Layers
5635 C implementations, Perl implementations
5639 "unix", "perlio", "stdio", "crlf", "mmap", "pending", "raw", "utf8"
5641 =item Extension Layers
5643 ":encoding", ":scalar", ":via"
5651 =head2 perlapio - perl's IO abstraction interface.
5659 1. USE_STDIO, 2. USE_SFIO, 3. USE_PERLIO, B<PerlIO_stdin()>,
5660 B<PerlIO_stdout()>, B<PerlIO_stderr()>, B<PerlIO_open(path, mode)>,
5661 B<PerlIO_fdopen(fd,mode)>, B<PerlIO_reopen(path,mode,f)>,
5662 B<PerlIO_printf(f,fmt,...)>, B<PerlIO_vprintf(f,fmt,a)>,
5663 B<PerlIO_stdoutf(fmt,...)>, B<PerlIO_read(f,buf,count)>,
5664 B<PerlIO_write(f,buf,count)>, B<PerlIO_close(f)>, B<PerlIO_puts(f,s)>,
5665 B<PerlIO_putc(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_ungetc(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_getc(f)>,
5666 B<PerlIO_eof(f)>, B<PerlIO_error(f)>, B<PerlIO_fileno(f)>,
5667 B<PerlIO_clearerr(f)>, B<PerlIO_flush(f)>, B<PerlIO_seek(f,offset,whence)>,
5668 B<PerlIO_tell(f)>, B<PerlIO_getpos(f,p)>, B<PerlIO_setpos(f,p)>,
5669 B<PerlIO_rewind(f)>, B<PerlIO_tmpfile()>, B<PerlIO_setlinebuf(f)>
5673 =item Co-existence with stdio
5675 B<PerlIO_importFILE(f,mode)>, B<PerlIO_exportFILE(f,mode)>,
5676 B<PerlIO_releaseFILE(p,f)>, B<PerlIO_findFILE(f)>
5678 =item "Fast gets" Functions
5680 B<PerlIO_fast_gets(f)>, B<PerlIO_has_cntptr(f)>, B<PerlIO_get_cnt(f)>,
5681 B<PerlIO_get_ptr(f)>, B<PerlIO_set_ptrcnt(f,p,c)>, B<PerlIO_canset_cnt(f)>,
5682 B<PerlIO_set_cnt(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_has_base(f)>, B<PerlIO_get_base(f)>,
5683 B<PerlIO_get_bufsiz(f)>
5685 =item Other Functions
5687 PerlIO_apply_layers(f,mode,layers), PerlIO_binmode(f,ptype,imode,layers),
5688 'E<lt>' read, 'E<gt>' write, '+' read/write, PerlIO_debug(fmt,...)
5694 =head2 perlhack - How to hack at the Perl internals
5700 Does concept match the general goals of Perl?, Where is the
5701 implementation?, Backwards compatibility, Could it be a module instead?, Is
5702 the feature generic enough?, Does it potentially introduce new bugs?, Does
5703 it preclude other desirable features?, Is the implementation robust?, Is
5704 the implementation generic enough to be portable?, Is the implementation
5705 tested?, Is there enough documentation?, Is there another way to do it?,
5706 Does it create too much work?, Patches speak louder than words
5710 =item Keeping in sync
5712 rsync'ing the source tree, Using rsync over the LAN, Using pushing over the
5713 NFS, rsync'ing the patches
5715 =item Why rsync the source tree
5717 It's easier to rsync the source tree, It's more reliable
5719 =item Why rsync the patches
5721 It's easier to rsync the patches, It's a good reference, Finding a start
5722 point, Finding how to fix a bug, Finding the source of misbehaviour
5724 =item Working with the source
5726 =item Perlbug administration
5728 =item Submitting patches
5730 L<perlguts>, L<perlxstut> and L<perlxs>, L<perlapi>,
5731 F<Porting/pumpkin.pod>, The perl5-porters FAQ
5733 =item Finding Your Way Around
5735 Core modules, Tests, Documentation, Configure, Interpreter
5737 =item Elements of the interpreter
5739 Startup, Parsing, Optimization, Running, Exception handing
5741 =item Internal Variable Types
5747 Argument stack, Mark stack, Save stack
5749 =item Millions of Macros
5751 =item The .i Targets
5753 =item Poking at Perl
5755 =item Using a source-level debugger
5757 run [args], break function_name, break source.c:xxx, step, next, continue,
5758 finish, 'enter', print
5760 =item gdb macro support
5762 =item Dumping Perl Data Structures
5766 =item Patching a core module
5768 =item Adding a new function to the core
5770 =item Writing a test
5772 F<t/base/>, F<t/cmd/>, F<t/comp/>, F<t/io/>, F<t/lib/>, F<t/op/>,
5773 F<t/pod/>, F<t/run/>, F<t/uni/>, F<t/win32/>, F<t/x2p>, t/base t/comp,
5774 t/cmd t/run t/io t/op, t/lib ext lib
5776 =item Special Make Test Targets
5778 coretest, test.deparse, test.taintwarn, minitest, test.valgrind
5779 check.valgrind utest.valgrind ucheck.valgrind, test.third check.third
5780 utest.third ucheck.third, test.torture torturetest, utest ucheck test.utf8
5781 check.utf8, minitest.utf16 test.utf16, test_harness, test-notty test_notty
5783 =item Running tests by hand
5785 -v, -torture, -re=PATTERN, -re LIST OF PATTERNS, PERL_CORE=1,
5786 PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL=2, PERL, PERL_SKIP_TTY_TEST
5790 =item EXTERNAL TOOLS FOR DEBUGGING PERL
5794 =item Rational Software's Purify
5796 =item Purify on Unix
5798 -Accflags=-DPURIFY, -Doptimize='-g', -Uusemymalloc, -Dusemultiplicity
5802 DEFINES, USE_MULTI = define, #PERL_MALLOC = define, CFG = Debug
5806 =item Compaq's/Digital's/HP's Third Degree
5808 =item PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL
5814 =item Gprof Profiling
5816 -a, -b, -e routine, -f routine, -s, -z
5818 =item GCC gcov Profiling
5820 =item Pixie Profiling
5822 -h, -l, -p[rocedures], -h[eavy], -i[nvocations], -l[ines], -testcoverage,
5825 =item Miscellaneous tricks
5829 I<The Road goes ever on and on, down from the door where it began.>
5837 =head2 perlbook - Perl book information
5845 =head2 perltodo - Perl TO-DO List
5851 =item The roadmap to 5.10
5855 =item Needed for a 5.9.4 release
5857 =item Needed for a 5.9.5 release
5859 Implement L</_ prototype character>, Implement L</state variables>
5861 =item Needed for a 5.9.6 release
5865 =item Tasks that only need Perl knowledge
5869 =item common test code for timed bail out
5871 =item POD -> HTML conversion in the core still sucks
5873 =item Parallel testing
5875 =item Make Schwern poorer
5877 =item Improve the coverage of the core tests
5881 =item A decent benchmark
5883 =item fix tainting bugs
5885 =item Dual life everything
5887 =item Improving C<threads::shared>
5889 =item POSIX memory footprint
5893 =item Tasks that need a little sysadmin-type knowledge
5897 =item Relocatable perl
5899 =item make HTML install work
5901 =item compressed man pages
5903 =item Add a code coverage target to the Makefile
5905 =item Make Config.pm cope with differences between build and installed perl
5907 =item make parallel builds work
5909 =item linker specification files
5913 =item Tasks that need a little C knowledge
5917 =item Make it clear from -v if this is the exact official release
5919 =item Tidy up global variables
5921 =item Ordering of "global" variables.
5923 =item bincompat functions
5925 =item am I hot or not?
5927 =item emulate the per-thread memory pool on Unix
5929 =item reduce duplication in sv_setsv_flags
5933 =item Tasks that need a knowledge of XS
5939 =item shrink C<GV>s, C<CV>s
5941 =item merge Perl_sv_2[inpu]v
5943 =item UTF8 caching code
5945 =item Implicit Latin 1 => Unicode translation
5947 =item autovivification
5949 =item Unicode in Filenames
5951 =item Unicode in %ENV
5953 =item use less 'memory'
5955 =item Re-implement C<:unique> in a way that is actually thread-safe
5957 =item Make tainting consistent
5959 =item readpipe(LIST)
5963 =item Tasks that need a knowledge of the interpreter
5967 =item lexical pragmas
5969 =item Attach/detach debugger from running program
5971 =item Constant folding
5973 =item LVALUE functions for lists
5975 =item LVALUE functions in the debugger
5977 =item _ prototype character
5979 =item state variables
5981 =item @INC source filter to Filter::Simple
5983 =item regexp optimiser optional
5987 =item optional optimizer
5989 =item You WANT *how* many
5991 =item lexical aliases
5993 =item entersub XS vs Perl
5997 =item Optimize away @_
5999 =item What hooks would assertions need?
6007 =item make ithreads more robust
6011 =item (?{...}) closures in regexps
6013 =item A re-entrant regexp engine
6019 =head2 perldoc - Look up Perl documentation in Pod format.
6029 B<-h>, B<-v>, B<-t>, B<-u>, B<-m> I<module>, B<-l>, B<-F>, B<-f>
6030 I<perlfunc>, B<-q> I<perlfaq-search-regexp>, B<-T>, B<-d>
6031 I<destination-filename>, B<-o> I<output-formatname>, B<-M> I<module-name>,
6032 B<-w> I<option:value> or B<-w> I<option>, B<-X>, B<-L> I<language_code>,
6033 B<PageName|ModuleName|ProgramName>, B<-n> I<some-formatter>, B<-r>, B<-i>,
6044 =head2 perlhist - the Perl history records
6052 =item THE KEEPERS OF THE PUMPKIN
6064 =item SELECTED RELEASE SIZES
6066 =item SELECTED PATCH SIZES
6070 =item THE KEEPERS OF THE RECORDS
6074 =head2 perldelta - what is new for perl v5.9.4
6080 =item Incompatible Changes
6082 =item Core Enhancements
6084 =item Modules and Pragmata
6086 =item Utility Changes
6090 =item Performance Enhancements
6092 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
6094 =item Selected Bug Fixes
6096 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
6098 =item Changed Internals
6100 =item Known Problems
6104 =item Platform Specific Problems
6108 =item Reporting Bugs
6114 =head2 perl594delta, perldelta - what is new for perl v5.9.4
6120 =item Incompatible Changes
6122 =item Core Enhancements
6124 =item Modules and Pragmata
6126 =item Utility Changes
6130 =item Performance Enhancements
6132 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
6134 =item Selected Bug Fixes
6136 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
6138 =item Changed Internals
6140 =item Known Problems
6144 =item Platform Specific Problems
6148 =item Reporting Bugs
6154 =head2 perl593delta, perldelta - what is new for perl v5.9.3
6160 =item Incompatible Changes
6164 =item Parsing of C<-f _>
6168 =item Magic goto and eval
6170 =item C<$#> has been removed
6174 =item Scoping of the C<sort> pragma
6178 =item Core Enhancements
6182 =item The C<feature> pragma
6184 =item Switch and Smart Match operator
6188 =item C<CLONE_SKIP()>
6190 =item C<${^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE}>
6194 =item Unicode Character Database 4.1.0
6198 =item Recursive sort subs
6200 =item Effect of pragmas in eval
6202 =item New B<-E> command-line switch
6204 =item C<chdir>, C<chmod> and C<chown> on filehandles
6210 =item Modules and Pragmata
6214 =item New Core Modules
6218 =item Utility Changes
6228 =item C<h2xs> enhancements
6230 =item C<perlivp> enhancements
6242 =item Performance Enhancements
6246 =item XS-assisted SWASHGET
6248 =item Constant subroutines
6250 =item C<PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV>
6252 =item Weak references are cheaper
6254 =item sort() enhancements
6258 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
6262 =item Compilation improvements
6264 =item New Or Improved Platforms
6268 =item Module auxiliary files
6272 =item Selected Bug Fixes
6276 =item C<defined $$x>
6278 =item Calling CORE::require()
6280 =item Subscripts of slices
6282 =item Remove over-optimisation
6284 =item sprintf() fixes
6286 =item no warnings 'category' works correctly with -w
6290 =item More Unicode Fixes
6294 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
6298 =item Attempt to set length of freed array
6300 =item Non-string passed as bitmask
6302 =item Search pattern not terminated or ternary operator parsed as search
6305 =item "%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration
6307 =item readdir()/closedir()/etc. attempted on invalid dirhandle
6311 =item Changed Internals
6315 =item B:: modules inheritance changed
6319 =item Reporting Bugs
6325 =head2 perl592delta, perldelta - what is new for perl v5.9.2
6331 =item Incompatible Changes
6335 =item Packing and UTF-8 strings
6341 =item Core Enhancements
6345 =item Malloc wrapping
6347 =item Unicode Character Database 4.0.1
6349 =item suidperl less insecure
6355 =item Unicode Character Classes
6357 =item Byte-order modifiers for pack() and unpack()
6359 =item Byte count feature in pack()
6365 =item Modules and Pragmata
6371 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
6373 B::Concise, Socket, Sys::Syslog, threads
6377 =item Utility Changes
6379 =item Performance Enhancements
6381 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
6383 =item Selected Bug Fixes
6385 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
6387 =item Changed Internals
6389 =item Known Problems
6391 =item Plans for the next release
6393 =item Reporting Bugs
6399 =head2 perl591delta, perldelta - what is new for perl v5.9.1
6405 =item Incompatible Changes
6409 =item substr() lvalues are no longer fixed-length
6411 =item The C<:unique> attribute is only meaningful for globals
6415 =item Core Enhancements
6421 =item Tied hashes in scalar context
6425 =item Stacked filetest operators
6429 =item Modules and Pragmata
6431 Benchmark, Carp, Exporter, FindBin, List::Util, threads::shared
6433 =item Utility Changes
6437 =item Performance Enhancements
6439 =item Selected Bug Fixes
6445 =item Threading bugs
6451 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
6453 =item Changed Internals
6457 =item Reordering of SVt_* constants
6459 =item Removal of CPP symbols
6461 =item Less space is used by ops
6467 =item Configuration and Building
6469 =item Known Problems
6473 =item Platform Specific Problems
6477 =item To-do for perl 5.10.0
6479 =item Reporting Bugs
6485 =head2 perl590delta, perldelta - what is new for perl v5.9.0
6491 =item Incompatible Changes
6495 =item Hash Randomisation
6497 =item UTF-8 On Filehandles No Longer Activated By Locale
6499 =item Single-number v-strings are no longer v-strings before "=>"
6501 =item (Win32) The -C Switch Has Been Repurposed
6503 =item (Win32) The /d Switch Of cmd.exe
6505 =item The C<$*> variable has been removed
6509 =item Core Enhancements
6515 =item Defined-or operators
6517 =item UTF-8 no longer default under UTF-8 locales
6519 =item Unsafe signals again available
6521 =item Tied Arrays with Negative Array Indices
6525 =item Unicode Character Database 4.0.0
6527 =item Miscellaneous Enhancements
6531 =item Modules and Pragmata
6535 =item Updated Modules And Pragmata
6537 base, B::Bytecode, B::Concise, B::Deparse, Benchmark, ByteLoader, bytes,
6538 CGI, charnames, CPAN, Data::Dumper, DB_File, Devel::PPPort, Digest::MD5,
6539 Encode, fields, libnet, Math::BigInt, MIME::Base64, NEXT, Net::Ping,
6540 PerlIO::scalar, podlators, Pod::LaTeX, PodParsers, Pod::Perldoc,
6541 Scalar::Util, Storable, strict, Term::ANSIcolor, Test::Harness, Test::More,
6542 Test::Simple, Text::Balanced, Time::HiRes, threads, threads::shared,
6543 Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Normalize, Win32::GetFolderPath,
6548 =item Utility Changes
6550 =item New Documentation
6552 =item Performance Enhancements
6554 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
6558 =item Platform-specific enhancements
6562 =item Selected Bug Fixes
6566 =item Closures, eval and lexicals
6570 =item Platform-specific fixes
6574 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
6578 =item Changed "A thread exited while %d threads were running"
6580 =item Removed "Attempt to clear a restricted hash"
6582 =item New "Illegal declaration of anonymous subroutine"
6584 =item Changed "Invalid range "%s" in transliteration operator"
6586 =item New "Missing control char name in \c"
6588 =item New "Newline in left-justified string for %s"
6590 =item New "Possible precedence problem on bitwise %c operator"
6592 =item New "read() on %s filehandle %s"
6594 =item New "Tied variable freed while still in use"
6596 =item New "To%s: illegal mapping '%s'"
6598 =item New "Use of freed value in iteration"
6602 =item Changed Internals
6606 =item Known Problems
6610 =item Tied hashes in scalar context
6612 =item Net::Ping 450_service and 510_ping_udp failures
6618 =item Platform Specific Problems
6622 =item EBCDIC Platforms
6624 =item Cygwin 1.5 problems
6626 =item HP-UX: HP cc warnings about sendfile and sendpath
6628 =item IRIX: t/uni/tr_7jis.t falsely failing
6630 =item Mac OS X: no usemymalloc
6632 =item Tru64: No threaded builds with GNU cc (gcc)
6634 =item Win32: sysopen, sysread, syswrite
6640 =item Reporting Bugs
6646 =head2 perl588delta, perldelta - what is new for perl v5.8.8
6652 =item Incompatible Changes
6654 =item Core Enhancements
6656 =item Modules and Pragmata
6658 =item Utility Changes
6662 =item C<h2xs> enhancements
6664 =item C<perlivp> enhancements
6668 =item New Documentation
6670 =item Performance Enhancements
6672 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
6674 =item Selected Bug Fixes
6678 =item no warnings 'category' works correctly with -w
6680 =item Remove over-optimisation
6682 =item sprintf() fixes
6684 =item Debugger and Unicode slowdown
6690 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
6694 =item Attempt to set length of freed array
6696 =item Non-string passed as bitmask
6698 =item Search pattern not terminated or ternary operator parsed as search
6703 =item Changed Internals
6705 =item Platform Specific Problems
6707 =item Reporting Bugs
6713 =head2 perl587delta, perldelta - what is new for perl v5.8.7
6719 =item Incompatible Changes
6721 =item Core Enhancements
6725 =item Unicode Character Database 4.1.0
6727 =item suidperl less insecure
6729 =item Optional site customization script
6731 =item C<Config.pm> is now much smaller.
6735 =item Modules and Pragmata
6737 =item Utility Changes
6741 =item find2perl enhancements
6745 =item Performance Enhancements
6747 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
6749 =item Selected Bug Fixes
6751 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
6753 =item Changed Internals
6755 =item Known Problems
6757 =item Platform Specific Problems
6759 =item Reporting Bugs
6765 =head2 perl586delta - what is new for perl v5.8.6
6771 =item Incompatible Changes
6773 =item Core Enhancements
6775 =item Modules and Pragmata
6777 =item Utility Changes
6779 =item Performance Enhancements
6781 =item Selected Bug Fixes
6783 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
6785 =item Changed Internals
6789 =item Reporting Bugs
6795 =head2 perl585delta - what is new for perl v5.8.5
6801 =item Incompatible Changes
6803 =item Core Enhancements
6805 =item Modules and Pragmata
6807 =item Utility Changes
6811 =item Perl's debugger
6817 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
6819 =item Selected Bug Fixes
6821 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
6823 =item Changed Internals
6825 =item Known Problems
6827 =item Platform Specific Problems
6829 =item Reporting Bugs
6835 =head2 perl584delta - what is new for perl v5.8.4
6841 =item Incompatible Changes
6843 =item Core Enhancements
6847 =item Malloc wrapping
6849 =item Unicode Character Database 4.0.1
6851 =item suidperl less insecure
6857 =item Modules and Pragmata
6861 =item Updated modules
6863 Attribute::Handlers, B, Benchmark, CGI, Carp, Cwd, Exporter, File::Find,
6864 IO, IPC::Open3, Local::Maketext, Math::BigFloat, Math::BigInt,
6865 Math::BigRat, MIME::Base64, ODBM_File, POSIX, Shell, Socket, Storable,
6866 Switch, Sys::Syslog, Term::ANSIColor, Time::HiRes, Unicode::UCD, Win32,
6867 base, open, threads, utf8
6871 =item Performance Enhancements
6873 =item Utility Changes
6875 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
6877 =item Selected Bug Fixes
6879 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
6881 =item Changed Internals
6883 =item Future Directions
6885 =item Platform Specific Problems
6887 =item Reporting Bugs
6893 =head2 perl583delta - what is new for perl v5.8.3
6899 =item Incompatible Changes
6901 =item Core Enhancements
6903 =item Modules and Pragmata
6905 CGI, Cwd, Digest, Digest::MD5, Encode, File::Spec, FindBin, List::Util,
6906 Math::BigInt, PodParser, Pod::Perldoc, POSIX, Unicode::Collate,
6907 Unicode::Normalize, Test::Harness, threads::shared
6909 =item Utility Changes
6911 =item New Documentation
6913 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
6915 =item Selected Bug Fixes
6917 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
6919 =item Changed Internals
6921 =item Configuration and Building
6923 =item Platform Specific Problems
6925 =item Known Problems
6927 =item Future Directions
6931 =item Reporting Bugs
6937 =head2 perl582delta - what is new for perl v5.8.2
6943 =item Incompatible Changes
6945 =item Core Enhancements
6949 =item Hash Randomisation
6955 =item Modules and Pragmata
6959 =item Updated Modules And Pragmata
6961 Devel::PPPort, Digest::MD5, I18N::LangTags, libnet, MIME::Base64,
6962 Pod::Perldoc, strict, Tie::Hash, Time::HiRes, Unicode::Collate,
6963 Unicode::Normalize, UNIVERSAL
6967 =item Selected Bug Fixes
6969 =item Changed Internals
6971 =item Platform Specific Problems
6973 =item Future Directions
6975 =item Reporting Bugs
6981 =head2 perl581delta - what is new for perl v5.8.1
6987 =item Incompatible Changes
6991 =item Hash Randomisation
6993 =item UTF-8 On Filehandles No Longer Activated By Locale
6995 =item Single-number v-strings are no longer v-strings before "=>"
6997 =item (Win32) The -C Switch Has Been Repurposed
6999 =item (Win32) The /d Switch Of cmd.exe
7003 =item Core Enhancements
7007 =item UTF-8 no longer default under UTF-8 locales
7009 =item Unsafe signals again available
7011 =item Tied Arrays with Negative Array Indices
7015 =item Unicode Character Database 4.0.0
7017 =item Deprecation Warnings
7019 =item Miscellaneous Enhancements
7023 =item Modules and Pragmata
7027 =item Updated Modules And Pragmata
7029 base, B::Bytecode, B::Concise, B::Deparse, Benchmark, ByteLoader, bytes,
7030 CGI, charnames, CPAN, Data::Dumper, DB_File, Devel::PPPort, Digest::MD5,
7031 Encode, fields, libnet, Math::BigInt, MIME::Base64, NEXT, Net::Ping,
7032 PerlIO::scalar, podlators, Pod::LaTeX, PodParsers, Pod::Perldoc,
7033 Scalar::Util, Storable, strict, Term::ANSIcolor, Test::Harness, Test::More,
7034 Test::Simple, Text::Balanced, Time::HiRes, threads, threads::shared,
7035 Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Normalize, Win32::GetFolderPath,
7040 =item Utility Changes
7042 =item New Documentation
7044 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
7048 =item Platform-specific enhancements
7052 =item Selected Bug Fixes
7056 =item Closures, eval and lexicals
7060 =item Platform-specific fixes
7064 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
7068 =item Changed "A thread exited while %d threads were running"
7070 =item Removed "Attempt to clear a restricted hash"
7072 =item New "Illegal declaration of anonymous subroutine"
7074 =item Changed "Invalid range "%s" in transliteration operator"
7076 =item New "Missing control char name in \c"
7078 =item New "Newline in left-justified string for %s"
7080 =item New "Possible precedence problem on bitwise %c operator"
7082 =item New "Pseudo-hashes are deprecated"
7084 =item New "read() on %s filehandle %s"
7086 =item New "5.005 threads are deprecated"
7088 =item New "Tied variable freed while still in use"
7090 =item New "To%s: illegal mapping '%s'"
7092 =item New "Use of freed value in iteration"
7096 =item Changed Internals
7100 =item Known Problems
7104 =item Tied hashes in scalar context
7106 =item Net::Ping 450_service and 510_ping_udp failures
7112 =item Platform Specific Problems
7116 =item EBCDIC Platforms
7118 =item Cygwin 1.5 problems
7120 =item HP-UX: HP cc warnings about sendfile and sendpath
7122 =item IRIX: t/uni/tr_7jis.t falsely failing
7124 =item Mac OS X: no usemymalloc
7126 =item Tru64: No threaded builds with GNU cc (gcc)
7128 =item Win32: sysopen, sysread, syswrite
7132 =item Future Directions
7134 =item Reporting Bugs
7140 =head2 perl58delta - what is new for perl v5.8.0
7146 =item Highlights In 5.8.0
7148 =item Incompatible Changes
7152 =item Binary Incompatibility
7154 =item 64-bit platforms and malloc
7156 =item AIX Dynaloading
7158 =item Attributes for C<my> variables now handled at run-time
7160 =item Socket Extension Dynamic in VMS
7162 =item IEEE-format Floating Point Default on OpenVMS Alpha
7164 =item New Unicode Semantics (no more C<use utf8>, almost)
7166 =item New Unicode Properties
7168 =item REF(...) Instead Of SCALAR(...)
7170 =item pack/unpack D/F recycled
7172 =item glob() now returns filenames in alphabetical order
7178 =item Core Enhancements
7182 =item Unicode Overhaul
7184 =item PerlIO is Now The Default
7188 =item Restricted Hashes
7192 =item Understanding of Numbers
7194 =item Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings [561]
7196 =item Miscellaneous Changes
7200 =item Modules and Pragmata
7204 =item New Modules and Pragmata
7206 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
7210 =item Utility Changes
7212 =item New Documentation
7214 =item Performance Enhancements
7216 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
7220 =item Generic Improvements
7222 =item New Or Improved Platforms
7226 =item Selected Bug Fixes
7230 =item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
7234 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
7236 =item Changed Internals
7238 =item Security Vulnerability Closed [561]
7242 =item Known Problems
7246 =item The Compiler Suite Is Still Very Experimental
7248 =item Localising Tied Arrays and Hashes Is Broken
7250 =item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
7252 =item Modifying $_ Inside for(..)
7254 =item mod_perl 1.26 Doesn't Build With Threaded Perl
7256 =item lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
7258 =item libwww-perl (LWP) fails base/date #51
7260 =item PDL failing some tests
7264 =item Self-tying Problems
7266 =item ext/threads/t/libc
7268 =item Failure of Thread (5.005-style) tests
7270 =item Timing problems
7272 =item Tied/Magical Array/Hash Elements Do Not Autovivify
7274 =item Unicode in package/class and subroutine names does not work
7278 =item Platform Specific Problems
7284 =item Alpha systems with old gccs fail several tests
7290 =item Cygwin "unable to remap"
7292 =item Cygwin ndbm tests fail on FAT
7294 =item DJGPP Failures
7296 =item FreeBSD built with ithreads coredumps reading large directories
7298 =item FreeBSD Failing locale Test 117 For ISO 8859-15 Locales
7300 =item IRIX fails ext/List/Util/t/shuffle.t or Digest::MD5
7302 =item HP-UX lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails When LP64-Configured
7304 =item Linux with glibc 2.2.5 fails t/op/int subtest #6 with -Duse64bitint
7306 =item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
7310 =item Mac OS X dyld undefined symbols
7312 =item OS/2 Test Failures
7314 =item op/sprintf tests 91, 129, and 130
7320 =item Solaris x86 Fails Tests With -Duse64bitint
7322 =item SUPER-UX (NEC SX)
7324 =item Term::ReadKey not working on Win32
7336 =item XML::Parser not working
7340 =item Unicode Support on EBCDIC Still Spotty
7342 =item Seen In Perl 5.7 But Gone Now
7346 =item Reporting Bugs
7354 =head2 perl573delta - what's new for perl v5.7.3
7362 =item Reporting Bugs
7370 =head2 perl572delta - what's new for perl v5.7.2
7376 =item Security Vulnerability Closed
7378 =item Incompatible Changes
7382 =item 64-bit platforms and malloc
7384 =item AIX Dynaloading
7386 =item Socket Extension Dynamic in VMS
7388 =item Different Definition of the Unicode Character Classes \p{In...}
7394 =item Core Enhancements
7396 =item Modules and Pragmata
7400 =item New Modules and Distributions
7402 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
7406 =item Utility Changes
7408 =item New Documentation
7410 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
7414 =item New Or Improved Platforms
7416 =item Generic Improvements
7420 =item Selected Bug Fixes
7424 =item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
7428 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
7430 =item Source Code Enhancements
7434 =item MAGIC constants
7436 =item Better commented code
7438 =item Regex pre-/post-compilation items matched up
7446 =item Known Problems
7452 =item Amiga Perl Invoking Mystery
7454 =item lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
7456 =item Cygwin intermittent failures of lib/Memoize/t/expire_file 11 and 12
7458 =item HP-UX lib/io_multihomed Fails When LP64-Configured
7460 =item HP-UX lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails When LP64-Configured
7462 =item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
7466 =item op/sprintf tests 129 and 130
7468 =item Failure of Thread tests
7478 =item Localising a Tied Variable Leaks Memory
7480 =item Self-tying of Arrays and Hashes Is Forbidden
7482 =item Variable Attributes are not Currently Usable for Tieing
7484 =item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
7486 =item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental
7488 =item The Long Double Support is Still Experimental
7492 =item Reporting Bugs
7500 =head2 perl571delta - what's new for perl v5.7.1
7506 =item Security Vulnerability Closed
7508 =item Incompatible Changes
7510 =item Core Enhancements
7514 =item AUTOLOAD Is Now Lvaluable
7516 =item PerlIO is Now The Default
7518 =item Signals Are Now Safe
7522 =item Modules and Pragmata
7528 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
7532 =item Performance Enhancements
7534 =item Utility Changes
7536 =item New Documentation
7552 =item README.solaris
7556 =item Porting/repository.pod
7560 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
7564 =item New Or Improved Platforms
7566 =item Generic Improvements
7568 d_cmsghdr, d_fcntl_can_lock, d_fsync, d_getitimer, d_getpagsz, d_msghdr_s,
7569 need_va_copy, d_readv, d_recvmsg, d_sendmsg, sig_size, d_sockatmark,
7570 d_strtoq, d_u32align, d_ualarm, d_usleep
7574 =item Selected Bug Fixes
7578 =item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
7582 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
7584 =item Changed Internals
7588 =item Known Problems
7592 =item AIX vac 5.0.0.0 May Produce Buggy Code For Perl
7594 =item lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
7596 =item lib/io_multihomed Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
7598 =item Test lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
7602 =item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
7604 =item sigaction test 13 in VMS
7606 =item sprintf tests 129 and 130
7608 =item Failure of Thread tests
7610 =item Localising a Tied Variable Leaks Memory
7612 =item Self-tying of Arrays and Hashes Is Forbidden
7614 =item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
7616 =item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental
7620 =item Reporting Bugs
7628 =head2 perl570delta - what's new for perl v5.7.0
7634 =item Security Vulnerability Closed
7636 =item Incompatible Changes
7638 =item Core Enhancements
7640 =item Modules and Pragmata
7646 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
7650 =item Utility Changes
7652 =item New Documentation
7654 =item Performance Enhancements
7656 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
7660 =item Generic Improvements
7664 =item Selected Bug Fixes
7668 =item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
7672 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
7674 =item Changed Internals
7676 =item Known Problems
7680 =item Unicode Support Still Far From Perfect
7682 =item EBCDIC Still A Lost Platform
7684 =item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
7686 =item ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
7688 =item Test lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
7690 =item Long Doubles Still Don't Work In Solaris
7692 =item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
7694 =item Storable tests fail in some platforms
7696 =item Threads Are Still Experimental
7698 =item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental
7702 =item Reporting Bugs
7710 =head2 perl561delta - what's new for perl v5.6.x
7716 =item Summary of changes between 5.6.0 and 5.6.1
7720 =item Security Issues
7722 =item Core bug fixes
7724 C<UNIVERSAL::isa()>, Memory leaks, Numeric conversions, qw(a\\b), caller(),
7725 Bugs in regular expressions, "slurp" mode, Autovivification of symbolic
7726 references to special variables, Lexical warnings, Spurious warnings and
7727 errors, glob(), Tainting, sort(), #line directives, Subroutine prototypes,
7728 map(), Debugger, PERL5OPT, chop(), Unicode support, 64-bit support,
7729 Compiler, Lvalue subroutines, IO::Socket, File::Find, xsubpp, C<no
7734 =item Configuration issues
7738 =item Bundled modules
7740 B::Concise, File::Temp, Pod::LaTeX, Pod::Text::Overstrike, CGI, CPAN,
7741 Class::Struct, DB_File, Devel::Peek, File::Find, Getopt::Long, IO::Poll,
7742 IPC::Open3, Math::BigFloat, Math::Complex, Net::Ping, Opcode, Pod::Parser,
7743 Pod::Text, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Tie::RefHash, Tie::SubstrHash
7745 =item Platform-specific improvements
7747 NCR MP-RAS, NonStop-UX
7751 =item Core Enhancements
7755 =item Interpreter cloning, threads, and concurrency
7757 =item Lexically scoped warning categories
7759 =item Unicode and UTF-8 support
7761 =item Support for interpolating named characters
7763 =item "our" declarations
7765 =item Support for strings represented as a vector of ordinals
7767 =item Improved Perl version numbering system
7769 =item New syntax for declaring subroutine attributes
7771 =item File and directory handles can be autovivified
7773 =item open() with more than two arguments
7775 =item 64-bit support
7777 =item Large file support
7783 =item Enhanced support for sort() subroutines
7785 =item C<sort $coderef @foo> allowed
7787 =item File globbing implemented internally
7789 =item Support for CHECK blocks
7791 =item POSIX character class syntax [: :] supported
7793 =item Better pseudo-random number generator
7795 =item Improved C<qw//> operator
7797 =item Better worst-case behavior of hashes
7799 =item pack() format 'Z' supported
7801 =item pack() format modifier '!' supported
7803 =item pack() and unpack() support counted strings
7805 =item Comments in pack() templates
7807 =item Weak references
7809 =item Binary numbers supported
7811 =item Lvalue subroutines
7813 =item Some arrows may be omitted in calls through references
7815 =item Boolean assignment operators are legal lvalues
7817 =item exists() is supported on subroutine names
7819 =item exists() and delete() are supported on array elements
7821 =item Pseudo-hashes work better
7823 =item Automatic flushing of output buffers
7825 =item Better diagnostics on meaningless filehandle operations
7827 =item Where possible, buffered data discarded from duped input filehandle
7829 =item eof() has the same old magic as <>
7831 =item binmode() can be used to set :crlf and :raw modes
7833 =item C<-T> filetest recognizes UTF-8 encoded files as "text"
7835 =item system(), backticks and pipe open now reflect exec() failure
7837 =item Improved diagnostics
7839 =item Diagnostics follow STDERR
7841 =item More consistent close-on-exec behavior
7843 =item syswrite() ease-of-use
7845 =item Better syntax checks on parenthesized unary operators
7847 =item Bit operators support full native integer width
7849 =item Improved security features
7851 =item More functional bareword prototype (*)
7853 =item C<require> and C<do> may be overridden
7855 =item $^X variables may now have names longer than one character
7857 =item New variable $^C reflects C<-c> switch
7859 =item New variable $^V contains Perl version as a string
7861 =item Optional Y2K warnings
7863 =item Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings
7865 =item @- and @+ provide starting/ending offsets of regex submatches
7869 =item Modules and Pragmata
7875 attributes, B, Benchmark, ByteLoader, constant, charnames, Data::Dumper,
7876 DB, DB_File, Devel::DProf, Devel::Peek, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, English,
7877 Env, Fcntl, File::Compare, File::Find, File::Glob, File::Spec,
7878 File::Spec::Functions, Getopt::Long, IO, JPL, lib, Math::BigInt,
7879 Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Pod::Parser, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Checker,
7880 podchecker, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Find, Pod::Select, podselect, Pod::Usage,
7881 pod2usage, Pod::Text and Pod::Man, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Sys::Hostname,
7882 Term::ANSIColor, Time::Local, Win32, XSLoader, DBM Filters
7888 =item Utility Changes
7902 =item The Perl Debugger
7906 =item Improved Documentation
7908 perlapi.pod, perlboot.pod, perlcompile.pod, perldbmfilter.pod,
7909 perldebug.pod, perldebguts.pod, perlfork.pod, perlfilter.pod, perlhack.pod,
7910 perlintern.pod, perllexwarn.pod, perlnumber.pod, perlopentut.pod,
7911 perlreftut.pod, perltootc.pod, perltodo.pod, perlunicode.pod
7913 =item Performance enhancements
7917 =item Simple sort() using { $a <=> $b } and the like are optimized
7919 =item Optimized assignments to lexical variables
7921 =item Faster subroutine calls
7923 =item delete(), each(), values() and hash iteration are faster
7927 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
7931 =item -Dusethreads means something different
7933 =item New Configure flags
7935 =item Threadedness and 64-bitness now more daring
7941 =item -Duselargefiles
7943 =item installusrbinperl
7949 =item Enhanced Installation Directories
7951 =item gcc automatically tried if 'cc' does not seem to be working
7955 =item Platform specific changes
7959 =item Supported platforms
7963 =item OS390 (OpenEdition MVS)
7971 =item Significant bug fixes
7975 =item <HANDLE> on empty files
7977 =item C<eval '...'> improvements
7979 =item All compilation errors are true errors
7981 =item Implicitly closed filehandles are safer
7983 =item Behavior of list slices is more consistent
7985 =item C<(\$)> prototype and C<$foo{a}>
7987 =item C<goto &sub> and AUTOLOAD
7989 =item C<-bareword> allowed under C<use integer>
7991 =item Failures in DESTROY()
7993 =item Locale bugs fixed
7997 =item Spurious subroutine stubs after failed subroutine calls
7999 =item Taint failures under C<-U>
8001 =item END blocks and the C<-c> switch
8003 =item Potential to leak DATA filehandles
8007 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
8009 "%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same %s, "my sub" not yet
8010 implemented, "our" variable %s redeclared, '!' allowed only after types %s,
8011 / cannot take a count, / must be followed by a, A or Z, / must be followed
8012 by a*, A* or Z*, / must follow a numeric type, /%s/: Unrecognized escape
8013 \\%c passed through, /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c in character class
8014 passed through, /%s/ should probably be written as "%s", %s() called too
8015 early to check prototype, %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element, %s
8016 argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or slice, %s argument is not a
8017 subroutine name, %s package attribute may clash with future reserved word:
8018 %s, (in cleanup) %s, <> should be quotes, Attempt to join self, Bad evalled
8019 substitution pattern, Bad realloc() ignored, Bareword found in conditional,
8020 Binary number > 0b11111111111111111111111111111111 non-portable, Bit vector
8021 size > 32 non-portable, Buffer overflow in prime_env_iter: %s, Can't check
8022 filesystem of script "%s", Can't declare class for non-scalar %s in "%s",
8023 Can't declare %s in "%s", Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default,
8024 Can't modify non-lvalue subroutine call, Can't read CRTL environ, Can't
8025 remove %s: %s, skipping file, Can't return %s from lvalue subroutine, Can't
8026 weaken a nonreference, Character class [:%s:] unknown, Character class
8027 syntax [%s] belongs inside character classes, Constant is not %s reference,
8028 constant(%s): %s, CORE::%s is not a keyword, defined(@array) is deprecated,
8029 defined(%hash) is deprecated, Did not produce a valid header, (Did you mean
8030 "local" instead of "our"?), Document contains no data, entering effective
8031 %s failed, false [] range "%s" in regexp, Filehandle %s opened only for
8032 output, flock() on closed filehandle %s, Global symbol "%s" requires
8033 explicit package name, Hexadecimal number > 0xffffffff non-portable,
8034 Ill-formed CRTL environ value "%s", Ill-formed message in prime_env_iter:
8035 |%s|, Illegal binary digit %s, Illegal binary digit %s ignored, Illegal
8036 number of bits in vec, Integer overflow in %s number, Invalid %s attribute:
8037 %s, Invalid %s attributes: %s, invalid [] range "%s" in regexp, Invalid
8038 separator character %s in attribute list, Invalid separator character %s in
8039 subroutine attribute list, leaving effective %s failed, Lvalue subs
8040 returning %s not implemented yet, Method %s not permitted, Missing
8041 %sbrace%s on \N{}, Missing command in piped open, Missing name in "my sub",
8042 No %s specified for -%c, No package name allowed for variable %s in "our",
8043 No space allowed after -%c, no UTC offset information; assuming local time
8044 is UTC, Octal number > 037777777777 non-portable, panic: del_backref,
8045 panic: kid popen errno read, panic: magic_killbackrefs, Parentheses missing
8046 around "%s" list, Possible unintended interpolation of %s in string,
8047 Possible Y2K bug: %s, pragma "attrs" is deprecated, use "sub NAME : ATTRS"
8048 instead, Premature end of script headers, Repeat count in pack overflows,
8049 Repeat count in unpack overflows, realloc() of freed memory ignored,
8050 Reference is already weak, setpgrp can't take arguments, Strange *+?{} on
8051 zero-length expression, switching effective %s is not implemented, This
8052 Perl can't reset CRTL environ elements (%s), This Perl can't set CRTL
8053 environ elements (%s=%s), Too late to run %s block, Unknown open() mode
8054 '%s', Unknown process %x sent message to prime_env_iter: %s, Unrecognized
8055 escape \\%c passed through, Unterminated attribute parameter in attribute
8056 list, Unterminated attribute list, Unterminated attribute parameter in
8057 subroutine attribute list, Unterminated subroutine attribute list, Value of
8058 CLI symbol "%s" too long, Version number must be a constant number
8062 =item Incompatible Changes
8066 =item Perl Source Incompatibilities
8068 CHECK is a new keyword, Treatment of list slices of undef has changed,
8069 Format of $English::PERL_VERSION is different, Literals of the form
8070 C<1.2.3> parse differently, Possibly changed pseudo-random number
8071 generator, Hashing function for hash keys has changed, C<undef> fails on
8072 read only values, Close-on-exec bit may be set on pipe and socket handles,
8073 Writing C<"$$1"> to mean C<"${$}1"> is unsupported, delete(), each(),
8074 values() and C<\(%h)>, vec(EXPR,OFFSET,BITS) enforces powers-of-two BITS,
8075 Text of some diagnostic output has changed, C<%@> has been removed,
8076 Parenthesized not() behaves like a list operator, Semantics of bareword
8077 prototype C<(*)> have changed, Semantics of bit operators may have changed
8078 on 64-bit platforms, More builtins taint their results
8080 =item C Source Incompatibilities
8082 C<PERL_POLLUTE>, C<PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT>, C<PERL_POLLUTE_MALLOC>
8084 =item Compatible C Source API Changes
8086 C<PATCHLEVEL> is now C<PERL_VERSION>
8088 =item Binary Incompatibilities
8092 =item Known Problems
8096 =item Localizing a tied hash element may leak memory
8098 =item Known test failures
8100 =item EBCDIC platforms not fully supported
8102 =item UNICOS/mk CC failures during Configure run
8104 =item Arrow operator and arrays
8106 =item Experimental features
8108 Threads, Unicode, 64-bit support, Lvalue subroutines, Weak references, The
8109 pseudo-hash data type, The Compiler suite, Internal implementation of file
8110 globbing, The DB module, The regular expression code constructs:
8114 =item Obsolete Diagnostics
8116 Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Ill-formed
8117 logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter, In string, @%s now must be written as
8118 \@%s, Probable precedence problem on %s, regexp too big, Use of "$$<digit>"
8119 to mean "${$}<digit>" is deprecated
8121 =item Reporting Bugs
8129 =head2 perl56delta - what's new for perl v5.6.0
8135 =item Core Enhancements
8139 =item Interpreter cloning, threads, and concurrency
8141 =item Lexically scoped warning categories
8143 =item Unicode and UTF-8 support
8145 =item Support for interpolating named characters
8147 =item "our" declarations
8149 =item Support for strings represented as a vector of ordinals
8151 =item Improved Perl version numbering system
8153 =item New syntax for declaring subroutine attributes
8155 =item File and directory handles can be autovivified
8157 =item open() with more than two arguments
8159 =item 64-bit support
8161 =item Large file support
8167 =item Enhanced support for sort() subroutines
8169 =item C<sort $coderef @foo> allowed
8171 =item File globbing implemented internally
8173 =item Support for CHECK blocks
8175 =item POSIX character class syntax [: :] supported
8177 =item Better pseudo-random number generator
8179 =item Improved C<qw//> operator
8181 =item Better worst-case behavior of hashes
8183 =item pack() format 'Z' supported
8185 =item pack() format modifier '!' supported
8187 =item pack() and unpack() support counted strings
8189 =item Comments in pack() templates
8191 =item Weak references
8193 =item Binary numbers supported
8195 =item Lvalue subroutines
8197 =item Some arrows may be omitted in calls through references
8199 =item Boolean assignment operators are legal lvalues
8201 =item exists() is supported on subroutine names
8203 =item exists() and delete() are supported on array elements
8205 =item Pseudo-hashes work better
8207 =item Automatic flushing of output buffers
8209 =item Better diagnostics on meaningless filehandle operations
8211 =item Where possible, buffered data discarded from duped input filehandle
8213 =item eof() has the same old magic as <>
8215 =item binmode() can be used to set :crlf and :raw modes
8217 =item C<-T> filetest recognizes UTF-8 encoded files as "text"
8219 =item system(), backticks and pipe open now reflect exec() failure
8221 =item Improved diagnostics
8223 =item Diagnostics follow STDERR
8225 =item More consistent close-on-exec behavior
8227 =item syswrite() ease-of-use
8229 =item Better syntax checks on parenthesized unary operators
8231 =item Bit operators support full native integer width
8233 =item Improved security features
8235 =item More functional bareword prototype (*)
8237 =item C<require> and C<do> may be overridden
8239 =item $^X variables may now have names longer than one character
8241 =item New variable $^C reflects C<-c> switch
8243 =item New variable $^V contains Perl version as a string
8245 =item Optional Y2K warnings
8247 =item Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings
8249 =item @- and @+ provide starting/ending offsets of regex matches
8253 =item Modules and Pragmata
8259 attributes, B, Benchmark, ByteLoader, constant, charnames, Data::Dumper,
8260 DB, DB_File, Devel::DProf, Devel::Peek, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, English,
8261 Env, Fcntl, File::Compare, File::Find, File::Glob, File::Spec,
8262 File::Spec::Functions, Getopt::Long, IO, JPL, lib, Math::BigInt,
8263 Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Pod::Parser, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Checker,
8264 podchecker, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Find, Pod::Select, podselect, Pod::Usage,
8265 pod2usage, Pod::Text and Pod::Man, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Sys::Hostname,
8266 Term::ANSIColor, Time::Local, Win32, XSLoader, DBM Filters
8272 =item Utility Changes
8286 =item The Perl Debugger
8290 =item Improved Documentation
8292 perlapi.pod, perlboot.pod, perlcompile.pod, perldbmfilter.pod,
8293 perldebug.pod, perldebguts.pod, perlfork.pod, perlfilter.pod, perlhack.pod,
8294 perlintern.pod, perllexwarn.pod, perlnumber.pod, perlopentut.pod,
8295 perlreftut.pod, perltootc.pod, perltodo.pod, perlunicode.pod
8297 =item Performance enhancements
8301 =item Simple sort() using { $a <=> $b } and the like are optimized
8303 =item Optimized assignments to lexical variables
8305 =item Faster subroutine calls
8307 =item delete(), each(), values() and hash iteration are faster
8311 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
8315 =item -Dusethreads means something different
8317 =item New Configure flags
8319 =item Threadedness and 64-bitness now more daring
8325 =item -Duselargefiles
8327 =item installusrbinperl
8333 =item Enhanced Installation Directories
8337 =item Platform specific changes
8341 =item Supported platforms
8345 =item OS390 (OpenEdition MVS)
8353 =item Significant bug fixes
8357 =item <HANDLE> on empty files
8359 =item C<eval '...'> improvements
8361 =item All compilation errors are true errors
8363 =item Implicitly closed filehandles are safer
8365 =item Behavior of list slices is more consistent
8367 =item C<(\$)> prototype and C<$foo{a}>
8369 =item C<goto &sub> and AUTOLOAD
8371 =item C<-bareword> allowed under C<use integer>
8373 =item Failures in DESTROY()
8375 =item Locale bugs fixed
8379 =item Spurious subroutine stubs after failed subroutine calls
8381 =item Taint failures under C<-U>
8383 =item END blocks and the C<-c> switch
8385 =item Potential to leak DATA filehandles
8389 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
8391 "%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same %s, "my sub" not yet
8392 implemented, "our" variable %s redeclared, '!' allowed only after types %s,
8393 / cannot take a count, / must be followed by a, A or Z, / must be followed
8394 by a*, A* or Z*, / must follow a numeric type, /%s/: Unrecognized escape
8395 \\%c passed through, /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c in character class
8396 passed through, /%s/ should probably be written as "%s", %s() called too
8397 early to check prototype, %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element, %s
8398 argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or slice, %s argument is not a
8399 subroutine name, %s package attribute may clash with future reserved word:
8400 %s, (in cleanup) %s, <> should be quotes, Attempt to join self, Bad evalled
8401 substitution pattern, Bad realloc() ignored, Bareword found in conditional,
8402 Binary number > 0b11111111111111111111111111111111 non-portable, Bit vector
8403 size > 32 non-portable, Buffer overflow in prime_env_iter: %s, Can't check
8404 filesystem of script "%s", Can't declare class for non-scalar %s in "%s",
8405 Can't declare %s in "%s", Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default,
8406 Can't modify non-lvalue subroutine call, Can't read CRTL environ, Can't
8407 remove %s: %s, skipping file, Can't return %s from lvalue subroutine, Can't
8408 weaken a nonreference, Character class [:%s:] unknown, Character class
8409 syntax [%s] belongs inside character classes, Constant is not %s reference,
8410 constant(%s): %s, CORE::%s is not a keyword, defined(@array) is deprecated,
8411 defined(%hash) is deprecated, Did not produce a valid header, (Did you mean
8412 "local" instead of "our"?), Document contains no data, entering effective
8413 %s failed, false [] range "%s" in regexp, Filehandle %s opened only for
8414 output, flock() on closed filehandle %s, Global symbol "%s" requires
8415 explicit package name, Hexadecimal number > 0xffffffff non-portable,
8416 Ill-formed CRTL environ value "%s", Ill-formed message in prime_env_iter:
8417 |%s|, Illegal binary digit %s, Illegal binary digit %s ignored, Illegal
8418 number of bits in vec, Integer overflow in %s number, Invalid %s attribute:
8419 %s, Invalid %s attributes: %s, invalid [] range "%s" in regexp, Invalid
8420 separator character %s in attribute list, Invalid separator character %s in
8421 subroutine attribute list, leaving effective %s failed, Lvalue subs
8422 returning %s not implemented yet, Method %s not permitted, Missing
8423 %sbrace%s on \N{}, Missing command in piped open, Missing name in "my sub",
8424 No %s specified for -%c, No package name allowed for variable %s in "our",
8425 No space allowed after -%c, no UTC offset information; assuming local time
8426 is UTC, Octal number > 037777777777 non-portable, panic: del_backref,
8427 panic: kid popen errno read, panic: magic_killbackrefs, Parentheses missing
8428 around "%s" list, Possible unintended interpolation of %s in string,
8429 Possible Y2K bug: %s, pragma "attrs" is deprecated, use "sub NAME : ATTRS"
8430 instead, Premature end of script headers, Repeat count in pack overflows,
8431 Repeat count in unpack overflows, realloc() of freed memory ignored,
8432 Reference is already weak, setpgrp can't take arguments, Strange *+?{} on
8433 zero-length expression, switching effective %s is not implemented, This
8434 Perl can't reset CRTL environ elements (%s), This Perl can't set CRTL
8435 environ elements (%s=%s), Too late to run %s block, Unknown open() mode
8436 '%s', Unknown process %x sent message to prime_env_iter: %s, Unrecognized
8437 escape \\%c passed through, Unterminated attribute parameter in attribute
8438 list, Unterminated attribute list, Unterminated attribute parameter in
8439 subroutine attribute list, Unterminated subroutine attribute list, Value of
8440 CLI symbol "%s" too long, Version number must be a constant number
8444 =item Incompatible Changes
8448 =item Perl Source Incompatibilities
8450 CHECK is a new keyword, Treatment of list slices of undef has changed,
8451 Format of $English::PERL_VERSION is different, Literals of the form
8452 C<1.2.3> parse differently, Possibly changed pseudo-random number
8453 generator, Hashing function for hash keys has changed, C<undef> fails on
8454 read only values, Close-on-exec bit may be set on pipe and socket handles,
8455 Writing C<"$$1"> to mean C<"${$}1"> is unsupported, delete(), each(),
8456 values() and C<\(%h)>, vec(EXPR,OFFSET,BITS) enforces powers-of-two BITS,
8457 Text of some diagnostic output has changed, C<%@> has been removed,
8458 Parenthesized not() behaves like a list operator, Semantics of bareword
8459 prototype C<(*)> have changed, Semantics of bit operators may have changed
8460 on 64-bit platforms, More builtins taint their results
8462 =item C Source Incompatibilities
8464 C<PERL_POLLUTE>, C<PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT>, C<PERL_POLLUTE_MALLOC>
8466 =item Compatible C Source API Changes
8468 C<PATCHLEVEL> is now C<PERL_VERSION>
8470 =item Binary Incompatibilities
8474 =item Known Problems
8478 =item Thread test failures
8480 =item EBCDIC platforms not supported
8482 =item In 64-bit HP-UX the lib/io_multihomed test may hang
8484 =item NEXTSTEP 3.3 POSIX test failure
8486 =item Tru64 (aka Digital UNIX, aka DEC OSF/1) lib/sdbm test failure with
8489 =item UNICOS/mk CC failures during Configure run
8491 =item Arrow operator and arrays
8493 =item Experimental features
8495 Threads, Unicode, 64-bit support, Lvalue subroutines, Weak references, The
8496 pseudo-hash data type, The Compiler suite, Internal implementation of file
8497 globbing, The DB module, The regular expression code constructs:
8501 =item Obsolete Diagnostics
8503 Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Ill-formed
8504 logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter, In string, @%s now must be written as
8505 \@%s, Probable precedence problem on %s, regexp too big, Use of "$$<digit>"
8506 to mean "${$}<digit>" is deprecated
8508 =item Reporting Bugs
8516 =head2 perl5005delta - what's new for perl5.005
8522 =item About the new versioning system
8524 =item Incompatible Changes
8528 =item WARNING: This version is not binary compatible with Perl 5.004.
8530 =item Default installation structure has changed
8532 =item Perl Source Compatibility
8534 =item C Source Compatibility
8536 =item Binary Compatibility
8538 =item Security fixes may affect compatibility
8540 =item Relaxed new mandatory warnings introduced in 5.004
8554 =item Regular Expressions
8556 Many new and improved optimizations, Many bug fixes, New regular expression
8557 constructs, New operator for precompiled regular expressions, Other
8558 improvements, Incompatible changes
8560 =item Improved malloc()
8562 =item Quicksort is internally implemented
8564 =item Reliable signals
8566 =item Reliable stack pointers
8568 =item More generous treatment of carriage returns
8572 =item Better support for multiple interpreters
8574 =item Behavior of local() on array and hash elements is now well-defined
8576 =item C<%!> is transparently tied to the L<Errno> module
8578 =item Pseudo-hashes are supported
8580 =item C<EXPR foreach EXPR> is supported
8582 =item Keywords can be globally overridden
8584 =item C<$^E> is meaningful on Win32
8586 =item C<foreach (1..1000000)> optimized
8588 =item C<Foo::> can be used as implicitly quoted package name
8590 =item C<exists $Foo::{Bar::}> tests existence of a package
8592 =item Better locale support
8594 =item Experimental support for 64-bit platforms
8596 =item prototype() returns useful results on builtins
8598 =item Extended support for exception handling
8600 =item Re-blessing in DESTROY() supported for chaining DESTROY() methods
8602 =item All C<printf> format conversions are handled internally
8604 =item New C<INIT> keyword
8606 =item New C<lock> keyword
8608 =item New C<qr//> operator
8610 =item C<our> is now a reserved word
8612 =item Tied arrays are now fully supported
8614 =item Tied handles support is better
8616 =item 4th argument to substr
8618 =item Negative LENGTH argument to splice
8620 =item Magic lvalues are now more magical
8622 =item <> now reads in records
8626 =item Supported Platforms
8632 =item Changes in existing support
8636 =item Modules and Pragmata
8642 B, Data::Dumper, Dumpvalue, Errno, File::Spec, ExtUtils::Installed,
8643 ExtUtils::Packlist, Fatal, IPC::SysV, Test, Tie::Array, Tie::Handle,
8644 Thread, attrs, fields, re
8646 =item Changes in existing modules
8648 Benchmark, Carp, CGI, Fcntl, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, POSIX, DB_File,
8649 MakeMaker, CPAN, Cwd
8653 =item Utility Changes
8655 =item Documentation Changes
8657 =item New Diagnostics
8659 Ambiguous call resolved as CORE::%s(), qualify as such or use &, Bad index
8660 while coercing array into hash, Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent
8661 package, Can't call method "%s" on an undefined value, Can't check
8662 filesystem of script "%s" for nosuid, Can't coerce array into hash, Can't
8663 goto subroutine from an eval-string, Can't localize pseudo-hash element,
8664 Can't use %%! because Errno.pm is not available, Cannot find an opnumber
8665 for "%s", Character class syntax [. .] is reserved for future extensions,
8666 Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Character
8667 class syntax [= =] is reserved for future extensions, %s: Eval-group in
8668 insecure regular expression, %s: Eval-group not allowed, use re 'eval', %s:
8669 Eval-group not allowed at run time, Explicit blessing to '' (assuming
8670 package main), Illegal hex digit ignored, No such array field, No such
8671 field "%s" in variable %s of type %s, Out of memory during ridiculously
8672 large request, Range iterator outside integer range, Recursive inheritance
8673 detected while looking for method '%s' %s, Reference found where even-sized
8674 list expected, Undefined value assigned to typeglob, Use of reserved word
8675 "%s" is deprecated, perl: warning: Setting locale failed
8677 =item Obsolete Diagnostics
8679 Can't mktemp(), Can't write to temp file for B<-e>: %s, Cannot open
8680 temporary file, regexp too big
8682 =item Configuration Changes
8692 =head2 perl5004delta - what's new for perl5.004
8698 =item Supported Environments
8704 =item List assignment to %ENV works
8706 =item Change to "Can't locate Foo.pm in @INC" error
8708 =item Compilation option: Binary compatibility with 5.003
8710 =item $PERL5OPT environment variable
8712 =item Limitations on B<-M>, B<-m>, and B<-T> options
8714 =item More precise warnings
8716 =item Deprecated: Inherited C<AUTOLOAD> for non-methods
8718 =item Previously deprecated %OVERLOAD is no longer usable
8720 =item Subroutine arguments created only when they're modified
8722 =item Group vector changeable with C<$)>
8724 =item Fixed parsing of $$<digit>, &$<digit>, etc.
8726 =item Fixed localization of $<digit>, $&, etc.
8728 =item No resetting of $. on implicit close
8730 =item C<wantarray> may return undef
8732 =item C<eval EXPR> determines value of EXPR in scalar context
8734 =item Changes to tainting checks
8736 No glob() or <*>, No spawning if tainted $CDPATH, $ENV, $BASH_ENV, No
8737 spawning if tainted $TERM doesn't look like a terminal name
8739 =item New Opcode module and revised Safe module
8741 =item Embedding improvements
8743 =item Internal change: FileHandle class based on IO::* classes
8745 =item Internal change: PerlIO abstraction interface
8747 =item New and changed syntax
8751 =item New and changed builtin constants
8755 =item New and changed builtin variables
8759 =item New and changed builtin functions
8761 delete on slices, flock, printf and sprintf, keys as an lvalue, my() in
8762 Control Structures, pack() and unpack(), sysseek(), use VERSION, use Module
8763 VERSION LIST, prototype(FUNCTION), srand, $_ as Default, C<m//gc> does not
8764 reset search position on failure, C<m//x> ignores whitespace before ?*+{},
8765 nested C<sub{}> closures work now, formats work right on changing lexicals
8767 =item New builtin methods
8769 isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] )
8771 =item TIEHANDLE now supported
8773 TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this, LIST, READ this
8774 LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, DESTROY this
8776 =item Malloc enhancements
8778 -DPERL_EMERGENCY_SBRK, -DPACK_MALLOC, -DTWO_POT_OPTIMIZE
8780 =item Miscellaneous efficiency enhancements
8784 =item Support for More Operating Systems
8800 use autouse MODULE => qw(sub1 sub2 sub3), use blib, use blib 'dir', use
8801 constant NAME => VALUE, use locale, use ops, use vmsish
8807 =item Required Updates
8809 =item Installation directories
8811 =item Module information summary
8825 =item Object-oriented overrides for builtin operators
8829 =item Utility Changes
8835 Sends converted HTML to standard output
8839 C<void> XSUBs now default to returning nothing
8843 =item C Language API Changes
8845 C<gv_fetchmethod> and C<perl_call_sv>, C<perl_eval_pv>, Extended API for
8848 =item Documentation Changes
8850 L<perldelta>, L<perlfaq>, L<perllocale>, L<perltoot>, L<perlapio>,
8851 L<perlmodlib>, L<perldebug>, L<perlsec>
8853 =item New Diagnostics
8855 "my" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same scope, %s argument is
8856 not a HASH element or slice, Allocation too large: %lx, Allocation too
8857 large, Applying %s to %s will act on scalar(%s), Attempt to free
8858 nonexistent shared string, Attempt to use reference as lvalue in substr,
8859 Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent package, Can't redefine active sort
8860 subroutine %s, Can't use bareword ("%s") as %s ref while "strict refs" in
8861 use, Cannot resolve method `%s' overloading `%s' in package `%s', Constant
8862 subroutine %s redefined, Constant subroutine %s undefined, Copy method did
8863 not return a reference, Died, Exiting pseudo-block via %s, Identifier too
8864 long, Illegal character %s (carriage return), Illegal switch in PERL5OPT:
8865 %s, Integer overflow in hex number, Integer overflow in octal number,
8866 internal error: glob failed, Invalid conversion in %s: "%s", Invalid type
8867 in pack: '%s', Invalid type in unpack: '%s', Name "%s::%s" used only once:
8868 possible typo, Null picture in formline, Offset outside string, Out of
8869 memory!, Out of memory during request for %s, panic: frexp, Possible
8870 attempt to put comments in qw() list, Possible attempt to separate words
8871 with commas, Scalar value @%s{%s} better written as $%s{%s}, Stub found
8872 while resolving method `%s' overloading `%s' in %s, Too late for "B<-T>"
8873 option, untie attempted while %d inner references still exist, Unrecognized
8874 character %s, Unsupported function fork, Use of "$$<digit>" to mean
8875 "${$}<digit>" is deprecated, Value of %s can be "0"; test with defined(),
8876 Variable "%s" may be unavailable, Variable "%s" will not stay shared,
8877 Warning: something's wrong, Ill-formed logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter,
8878 Got an error from DosAllocMem, Malformed PERLLIB_PREFIX, PERL_SH_DIR too
8879 long, Process terminated by SIG%s
8889 =head2 perlartistic - the Perl Artistic License
8897 =item The "Artistic License"
8905 "Package", "Standard Version", "Copyright Holder", "You", "Reasonable
8906 copying fee", "Freely Available"
8910 a), b), c), d), a), b), c), d)
8916 =head2 perlgpl - the GNU General Public License, version 2
8928 =item GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
8932 =head2 perlaix, README.aix - Perl version 5 on IBM Unix (AIX) systems
8940 =item Compiling Perl 5 on AIX
8944 =item Building Dynamic Extensions on AIX
8946 =item The IBM ANSI C Compiler
8948 =item The usenm option
8950 =item Using GNU's gcc for building perl
8952 =item Using Large Files with Perl
8958 =item AIX 4.2 and extensions using C++ with statics
8968 =head2 perlamiga - Perl under Amiga OS
8984 =item Prerequisites for Compiling Perl on AmigaOS
8986 B<Unix emulation for AmigaOS: ixemul.library>, B<Version of Amiga OS>
8988 =item Starting Perl programs under AmigaOS
8990 =item Shortcomings of Perl under AmigaOS
8996 =item Accessing documentation
9000 =item Manpages for Perl on AmigaOS
9002 =item Perl HTML Documentation on AmigaOS
9004 =item Perl GNU Info Files on AmigaOS
9006 =item Perl LaTeX Documentation on AmigaOS
9010 =item BUILDING PERL ON AMIGAOS
9014 =item Build Prerequisites for Perl on AmigaOS
9016 =item Getting the Perl Source for AmigaOS
9018 =item Making Perl on AmigaOS
9020 =item Testing Perl on AmigaOS
9022 =item Installing the built Perl on AmigaOS
9026 =item PERL 5.8.0 BROKEN IN AMIGAOS
9034 =head2 perlapollo, README.apollo - Perl version 5 on Apollo DomainOS
9044 =head2 perlbeos, README.beos - Perl version 5.8+ on BeOS
9050 =item BUILD AND INSTALL
9064 =item KNOWN PROBLEMS
9070 =head2 perlbs2000, README.BS2000 - building and installing Perl for BS2000.
9080 =item gzip on BS2000
9082 =item bison on BS2000
9084 =item Unpacking Perl Distribution on BS2000
9086 =item Compiling Perl on BS2000
9088 =item Testing Perl on BS2000
9090 =item Installing Perl on BS2000
9092 =item Using Perl in the Posix-Shell of BS2000
9094 =item Using Perl in "native" BS2000
9096 =item Floating point anomalies on BS2000
9098 =item Using PerlIO and different encodings on ASCII and EBCDIC partitions
9116 =head2 perlce - Perl for WinCE
9120 =item Building Perl for WinCE
9126 =item General explanations on cross-compiling WinCE
9130 Microsoft Embedded Visual Tools, Microsoft Visual C++, Rainer Keuchel's
9131 celib-sources, Rainer Keuchel's console-sources, go to ./wince
9132 subdirectory, edit file compile.bat, run compile.bat, run compile.bat
9137 =item Using Perl on WinCE
9159 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
9163 Rainer Keuchel <coyxc@rainer-keuchel.de>, Vadim Konovalov
9167 =head2 perlcygwin, README.cygwin - Perl for Cygwin
9173 =item PREREQUISITES FOR COMPILING PERL ON CYGWIN
9177 =item Cygwin = GNU+Cygnus+Windows (Don't leave UNIX without it)
9179 =item Cygwin Configuration
9181 C<PATH>, I<nroff>, Permissions
9185 =item CONFIGURE PERL ON CYGWIN
9189 =item Stripping Perl Binaries on Cygwin
9191 =item Optional Libraries for Perl on Cygwin
9193 C<-lcrypt>, C<-lgdbm> (C<use GDBM_File>), C<-ldb> (C<use DB_File>),
9194 C<-lcygipc> (C<use IPC::SysV>), C<-lutil>
9196 =item Configure-time Options for Perl on Cygwin
9198 C<-Uusedl>, C<-Uusemymalloc>, C<-Uuseperlio>, C<-Dusemultiplicity>,
9199 C<-Duse64bitint>, C<-Duselongdouble>, C<-Dusethreads>, C<-Duselargefiles>,
9202 =item Suspicious Warnings on Cygwin
9204 I<dlsym()>, Win9x and C<d_eofnblk>, Compiler/Preprocessor defines
9208 =item MAKE ON CYGWIN
9212 =item Errors on Cygwin
9218 =item TEST ON CYGWIN
9222 =item File Permissions on Cygwin
9224 =item NDBM_File and ODBM_File do not work on FAT filesystems
9226 =item C<fork()> failures in io_* tests
9230 =item Specific features of the Cygwin port
9234 =item Script Portability on Cygwin
9236 Pathnames, Text/Binary, PerlIO, F<.exe>, cygwin vs. windows process ids,
9237 C<chown()>, Miscellaneous
9239 =item Prebuilt methods:
9241 C<Cwd::cwd>, C<Cygwin::pid_to_winpid>, C<Cygwin::winpid_to_pid>
9245 =item INSTALL PERL ON CYGWIN
9247 =item MANIFEST ON CYGWIN
9249 Documentation, Build, Configure, Make, Install, Tests, Compiled Perl
9250 Source, Compiled Module Source, Perl Modules/Scripts
9252 =item BUGS ON CYGWIN
9260 =head2 perldgux - Perl under DG/UX.
9272 =item BUILDING PERL ON DG/UX
9276 =item Non-threaded Perl on DG/UX
9278 =item Threaded Perl on DG/UX
9280 =item Testing Perl on DG/UX
9282 =item Installing the built perl on DG/UX
9292 =head2 perldos - Perl under DOS, W31, W95.
9302 =item Prerequisites for Compiling Perl on DOS
9306 =item Shortcomings of Perl under DOS
9308 =item Building Perl on DOS
9310 =item Testing Perl on DOS
9312 =item Installation of Perl on DOS
9316 =item BUILDING AND INSTALLING MODULES ON DOS
9320 =item Building Prerequisites for Perl on DOS
9322 =item Unpacking CPAN Modules on DOS
9324 =item Building Non-XS Modules on DOS
9326 =item Building XS Modules on DOS
9336 =head2 perlepoc, README.epoc - Perl for EPOC
9344 =item INSTALLING PERL ON EPOC
9346 =item STARTING PERL ON EPOC
9350 =item Editors on Epoc
9352 =item Features of Perl on Epoc
9354 =item Restrictions of Perl on Epoc
9356 =item Compiling Perl 5 on the EPOC cross compiling environment
9360 =item SUPPORT STATUS OF PERL ON EPOC
9368 =head2 perlfreebsd, README.freebsd - Perl version 5 on FreeBSD systems
9376 =item FreeBSD core dumps from readdir_r with ithreads
9378 =item $^X doesn't always contain a full path in FreeBSD
9380 =item Perl will no longer be part of "base FreeBSD"
9388 =head2 perlhpux, README.hpux - Perl version 5 on Hewlett-Packard Unix
9397 =item Using perl as shipped with HP-UX
9399 =item Using perl from HP's porting centre
9401 =item Compiling Perl 5 on HP-UX
9405 =item Portability Between PA-RISC Versions
9413 =item Itanium Processor Family and HP-UX
9415 =item Itanium & Itanium 2
9417 =item Building Dynamic Extensions on HP-UX
9419 =item The HP ANSI C Compiler
9421 =item The GNU C Compiler
9423 =item Using Large Files with Perl on HP-UX
9425 =item Threaded Perl on HP-UX
9427 =item 64-bit Perl on HP-UX
9429 =item Oracle on HP-UX
9431 =item GDBM and Threads on HP-UX
9433 =item NFS filesystems and utime(2) on HP-UX
9435 =item perl -P and // and HP-UX
9437 =item HP-UX Kernel Parameters (maxdsiz) for Compiling Perl
9441 =item nss_delete core dump from op/pwent or op/grent
9449 =head2 perlhurd, README.hurd - Perl version 5 on Hurd
9457 =item Known Problems with Perl on Hurd
9465 =head2 perlirix, README.irix - Perl version 5 on Irix systems
9473 =item Building 32-bit Perl in Irix
9475 =item Building 64-bit Perl in Irix
9477 =item About Compiler Versions of Irix
9479 =item Linker Problems in Irix
9481 =item Malloc in Irix
9483 =item Building with threads in Irix
9493 =head2 perllinux, README.linux - Perl version 5 on Linux systems
9501 =item Experimental Support for Sun Studio Compilers for Linux OS
9509 =head2 perlmachten, README.machten - Perl version 5 on Power MachTen
9518 =item Perl version 5.8.x and greater not supported
9520 =item Compiling Perl 5.6.x on MachTen
9522 =item Failures during C<make test> on MachTen
9524 op/lexassign.t, pragma/warnings.t
9526 =item Building external modules on MachTen
9536 =head2 perlmacos, README.macos - Perl under Mac OS (Classic)
9550 =head2 perlmacosx, README.macosx - Perl under Mac OS X
9560 =item Installation Prefix
9564 =item Universal Binary support
9566 =item libperl and Prebinding
9568 =item Updating Apple's Perl
9570 =item Known problems
9580 =item Starting From Scratch
9588 =head2 perlmint, README.mint - Perl version 5 on Atari MiNT
9594 =item Known problems with Perl on MiNT
9600 =head2 perlmpeix, README.mpeix - Perl/iX for HP e3000 MPE
9608 =item Binary distribution from HP
9610 =item What's New in Perl for MPE/iX
9612 =item Welcome to Perl/iX
9614 =item System Requirements for Perl/iX
9616 =item How to Obtain Perl/iX
9618 =item Perl/iX Distribution Contents Highlights
9620 README, INSTALL, LIBSHP3K, PERL, .cpan/, lib/, man/,
9621 public_html/feedback.cgi, src/perl-5.6.0-mpe
9623 =item How to Compile Perl/iX
9627 =item Getting Started with Perl/iX
9629 =item MPE/iX Implementation Considerations
9631 =item Known Perl/iX Bugs Under Investigation
9633 =item Perl/iX To-Do List
9635 =item Perl/iX Change History
9641 =head2 perlnetware - Perl for NetWare
9655 SetNWBld.bat, Buildtype.bat
9667 =item BUILD NEW EXTENSIONS
9669 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
9677 =head2 perlopenbsd, README.openbsd - Perl version 5 on OpenBSD systems
9685 =item OpenBSD core dumps from getprotobyname_r and getservbyname_r with
9694 =head2 perlos2 - Perl under OS/2, DOS, Win0.3*, Win0.95 and WinNT.
9714 EMX, RSX, HPFS, pdksh
9716 =item Starting Perl programs under OS/2 (and DOS and...)
9718 =item Starting OS/2 (and DOS) programs under Perl
9722 =item Frequently asked questions
9726 =item "It does not work"
9728 =item I cannot run external programs
9730 =item I cannot embed perl into my program, or use F<perl.dll> from my
9733 Is your program EMX-compiled with C<-Zmt -Zcrtdll>?, Did you use
9736 =item C<``> and pipe-C<open> do not work under DOS.
9738 =item Cannot start C<find.exe "pattern" file>
9746 =item Automatic binary installation
9748 C<PERL_BADLANG>, C<PERL_BADFREE>, F<Config.pm>
9750 =item Manual binary installation
9752 Perl VIO and PM executables (dynamically linked), Perl_ VIO executable
9753 (statically linked), Executables for Perl utilities, Main Perl library,
9754 Additional Perl modules, Tools to compile Perl modules, Manpages for Perl
9755 and utilities, Manpages for Perl modules, Source for Perl documentation,
9756 Perl manual in F<.INF> format, Pdksh
9762 =item Accessing documentation
9766 =item OS/2 F<.INF> file
9774 =item GNU C<info> files
9786 =item The short story
9790 =item Getting perl source
9792 =item Application of the patches
9800 A lot of C<bad free>, Process terminated by SIGTERM/SIGINT, F<op/fs.t>,
9803 =item Installing the built perl
9805 =item C<a.out>-style build
9809 =item Building a binary distribution
9811 =item Building custom F<.EXE> files
9815 =item Making executables with a custom collection of statically loaded
9818 =item Making executables with a custom search-paths
9826 =item Some C</> became C<\> in pdksh.
9828 =item C<'errno'> - unresolved external
9830 =item Problems with tr or sed
9832 =item Some problem (forget which ;-)
9834 =item Library ... not found
9836 =item Segfault in make
9838 =item op/sprintf test failure
9842 =item Specific (mis)features of OS/2 port
9846 =item C<setpriority>, C<getpriority>
9850 =item C<extproc> on the first line
9852 =item Additional modules:
9854 =item Prebuilt methods:
9856 C<File::Copy::syscopy>, C<DynaLoader::mod2fname>, C<Cwd::current_drive()>,
9857 C<Cwd::sys_chdir(name)>, C<Cwd::change_drive(name)>,
9858 C<Cwd::sys_is_absolute(name)>, C<Cwd::sys_is_rooted(name)>,
9859 C<Cwd::sys_is_relative(name)>, C<Cwd::sys_cwd(name)>,
9860 C<Cwd::sys_abspath(name, dir)>, C<Cwd::extLibpath([type])>,
9861 C<Cwd::extLibpath_set( path [, type ] )>,
9862 C<OS2::Error(do_harderror,do_exception)>, C<OS2::Errors2Drive(drive)>,
9863 OS2::SysInfo(), OS2::BootDrive(), C<OS2::MorphPM(serve)>,
9864 C<OS2::UnMorphPM(serve)>, C<OS2::Serve_Messages(force)>,
9865 C<OS2::Process_Messages(force [, cnt])>, C<OS2::_control87(new,mask)>,
9866 OS2::get_control87(), C<OS2::set_control87_em(new=MCW_EM,mask=MCW_EM)>,
9867 C<OS2::DLLname([how [, \&xsub]])>
9869 =item Prebuilt variables:
9871 $OS2::emx_rev, $OS2::emx_env, $OS2::os_ver, $OS2::is_aout, $OS2::can_fork,
9878 C<popen>, C<tmpnam>, C<tmpfile>, C<ctermid>, C<stat>, C<mkdir>, C<rmdir>,
9881 =item Identifying DLLs
9883 =item Centralized management of resources
9885 C<HAB>, C<HMQ>, Treating errors reported by OS/2 API,
9886 C<CheckOSError(expr)>, C<CheckWinError(expr)>, C<SaveWinError(expr)>,
9887 C<SaveCroakWinError(expr,die,name1,name2)>, C<WinError_2_Perl_rc>,
9888 C<FillWinError>, C<FillOSError(rc)>, Loading DLLs and ordinals in DLLs
9902 =item F<perl___.exe>
9904 =item Why strange names?
9906 =item Why dynamic linking?
9908 =item Why chimera build?
9916 =item C<PERLLIB_PREFIX>
9918 =item C<PERL_BADLANG>
9920 =item C<PERL_BADFREE>
9922 =item C<PERL_SH_DIR>
9924 =item C<USE_PERL_FLOCK>
9926 =item C<TMP> or C<TEMP>
9934 =item Text-mode filehandles
9938 =item DLL name mangling: pre 5.6.2
9940 =item DLL name mangling: 5.6.2 and beyond
9942 Global DLLs, specific DLLs, C<BEGINLIBPATH> and C<ENDLIBPATH>, F<.> from
9945 =item DLL forwarder generation
9949 =item Calls to external programs
9951 =item Memory allocation
9955 C<COND_WAIT>, F<os2.c>
9971 =head2 perlos390, README.os390 - building and installing Perl for OS/390
9984 =item Unpacking Perl distribution on OS/390
9986 =item Setup and utilities for Perl on OS/390
9988 =item Configure Perl on OS/390
9990 =item Build, Test, Install Perl on OS/390
9992 =item Build Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
9994 =item Testing Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
9996 =item Installation Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
9998 =item Usage Hints for Perl on OS/390
10000 =item Floating Point Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
10002 =item Modules and Extensions for Perl on OS/390
10012 =item Mailing list for Perl on OS/390
10020 =head2 perlos400, README.os400 - Perl version 5 on OS/400
10028 =item Compiling Perl for OS/400 PASE
10030 =item Installing Perl in OS/400 PASE
10032 =item Using Perl in OS/400 PASE
10034 =item Known Problems
10044 =head2 perlplan9 - Plan 9-specific documentation for Perl
10052 =item Invoking Perl
10054 =item What's in Plan 9 Perl
10056 =item What's not in Plan 9 Perl
10058 =item Perl5 Functions not currently supported in Plan 9 Perl
10060 =item Signals in Plan 9 Perl
10064 =item COMPILING AND INSTALLING PERL ON PLAN 9
10068 =item Installing Perl Documentation on Plan 9
10074 =item Revision date
10080 =head2 perlqnx, README.qnx - Perl version 5 on QNX
10088 =item Required Software for Compiling Perl on QNX4
10090 /bin/sh, ar, nm, cpp, make
10092 =item Outstanding Issues with Perl on QNX4
10094 =item QNX auxiliary files
10098 =item Outstanding issues with perl under QNX6
10106 =head2 perlsolaris, README.solaris - Perl version 5 on Solaris systems
10114 =item Solaris Version Numbers.
10120 Solaris FAQ, Precompiled Binaries, Solaris Documentation
10126 =item File Extraction Problems on Solaris.
10128 =item Compiler and Related Tools on Solaris.
10130 =item Environment for Compiling perl on Solaris
10134 =item RUN CONFIGURE.
10138 =item 64-bit perl on Solaris.
10140 =item Threads in perl on Solaris.
10142 =item Malloc Issues with perl on Solaris.
10146 =item MAKE PROBLEMS.
10148 Dynamic Loading Problems With GNU as and GNU ld, ld.so.1: ./perl: fatal:
10149 relocation error:, dlopen: stub interception failed, #error "No
10150 DATAMODEL_NATIVE specified", sh: ar: not found
10156 =item op/stat.t test 4 in Solaris
10158 =item nss_delete core dump from op/pwent or op/grent
10162 =item PREBUILT BINARIES OF PERL FOR SOLARIS.
10164 =item RUNTIME ISSUES FOR PERL ON SOLARIS.
10168 =item Limits on Numbers of Open Files on Solaris.
10172 =item SOLARIS-SPECIFIC MODULES.
10174 =item SOLARIS-SPECIFIC PROBLEMS WITH MODULES.
10178 =item Proc::ProcessTable on Solaris
10180 =item BSD::Resource on Solaris
10182 =item Net::SSLeay on Solaris
10192 =head2 perlsymbian, README.symbian - Perl version 5 on Symbian OS
10200 =item Compiling Perl on Symbian
10202 =item Compilation problems
10208 =item Using Perl in Symbian
10228 =head2 perltru64, README.tru64 - Perl version 5 on Tru64 (formerly known as
10229 Digital UNIX formerly known as DEC OSF/1) systems
10237 =item Compiling Perl 5 on Tru64
10239 =item Using Large Files with Perl on Tru64
10241 =item Threaded Perl on Tru64
10243 =item Long Doubles on Tru64
10245 =item DB_File tests failing on Tru64
10247 =item 64-bit Perl on Tru64
10249 =item Warnings about floating-point overflow when compiling Perl on Tru64
10253 =item Testing Perl on Tru64
10255 =item ext/ODBM_File/odbm Test Failing With Static Builds
10257 =item Perl Fails Because Of Unresolved Symbol sockatmark
10263 =head2 perluts - Perl under UTS
10271 =item BUILDING PERL ON UTS
10273 =item Installing the built perl on UTS
10279 =head2 perlvmesa, README.vmesa - building and installing Perl for VM/ESA.
10289 =item Unpacking Perl Distribution on VM/ESA
10291 =item Setup Perl and utilities on VM/ESA
10293 =item Configure Perl on VM/ESA
10295 =item Testing Anomalies of Perl on VM/ESA
10297 =item Usage Hints for Perl on VM/ESA
10307 =item Mailing list for Perl on VM/ESA
10313 =head2 perlvms - VMS-specific documentation for Perl
10321 =item Organization of Perl Images
10327 =item Perl Extensions
10329 =item Installing static extensions
10331 =item Installing dynamic extensions
10335 =item File specifications
10341 =item Wildcard expansion
10347 =item PERL5LIB and PERLLIB
10353 =item I/O redirection and backgrounding
10355 =item Command line switches
10361 =item Perl functions
10363 File tests, backticks, binmode FILEHANDLE, crypt PLAINTEXT, USER, die,
10364 dump, exec LIST, fork, getpwent, getpwnam, getpwuid, gmtime, kill, qx//,
10365 select (system call), stat EXPR, system LIST, time, times, unlink LIST,
10366 utime LIST, waitpid PID,FLAGS
10368 =item Perl variables
10370 %ENV, CRTL_ENV, CLISYM_[LOCAL], Any other string, $!, $^E, $?, $|
10372 =item Standard modules with VMS-specific differences
10380 =item Revision date
10386 =head2 perlvos, README.vos - Perl for Stratus VOS
10392 =item BUILDING PERL FOR VOS
10394 =item INSTALLING PERL IN VOS
10396 =item USING PERL IN VOS
10400 =item Restrictions of Perl on VOS
10402 =item Handling of underflow and overflow
10408 =item SUPPORT STATUS
10416 =head2 perlwin32 - Perl under Windows
10426 =item Setting Up Perl on Win32
10428 Make, Command Shell, Borland C++, Microsoft Visual C++, Microsoft Visual
10429 C++ Toolkit 2003, Microsoft Platform SDK 64-bit Compiler, MinGW release 3
10430 with gcc, MinGW release 1 with gcc
10434 =item Testing Perl on Win32
10436 =item Installation of Perl on Win32
10438 =item Usage Hints for Perl on Win32
10440 Environment Variables, File Globbing, Using perl from the command line,
10441 Building Extensions, Command-line Wildcard Expansion, Win32 Specific
10442 Extensions, Notes on 64-bit Windows
10444 =item Running Perl Scripts
10446 =item Miscellaneous Things
10450 =item BUGS AND CAVEATS
10452 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
10456 Gary Ng E<lt>71564.1743@CompuServe.COME<gt>, Gurusamy Sarathy
10457 E<lt>gsar@activestate.comE<gt>, Nick Ing-Simmons
10458 E<lt>nick@ing-simmons.netE<gt>, Jan Dubois E<lt>jand@activestate.comE<gt>,
10459 Steve Hay E<lt>steve.hay@uk.radan.comE<gt>
10467 =head1 PRAGMA DOCUMENTATION
10469 =head2 attrs - set/get attributes of a subroutine (deprecated)
10481 =head2 re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour
10491 =head2 threadshared::shared, threads::shared - Perl extension for sharing
10492 data structures between threads
10504 share VARIABLE, lock VARIABLE, cond_wait VARIABLE, cond_wait CONDVAR,
10505 LOCKVAR, cond_timedwait VARIABLE, ABS_TIMEOUT, cond_timedwait CONDVAR,
10506 ABS_TIMEOUT, LOCKVAR, cond_signal VARIABLE, cond_broadcast VARIABLE
10518 =head2 threads - Perl extension allowing use of interpreter based threads
10527 $thread = threads->create(function, LIST), $thread->join, $thread->detach,
10528 threads->self, $thread->tid, threads->object( tid ), threads->yield();,
10529 threads->list();, async BLOCK;
10533 A thread exited while %d other threads were still running
10539 Parent-Child threads, tid is I32, Returning objects, Creating threads
10540 inside BEGIN blocks, PERL_OLD_SIGNALS are not threadsafe, will not be
10542 =item AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT
10548 =head2 assertions - select assertions in blocks of code
10558 =item Selecting assertions
10560 =item Handling assertions your own way
10562 enabled($on), enabled(), seen($on), seen()
10566 =item COMPATIBILITY
10572 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
10576 =head2 assertions::activate - activate assertions
10588 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
10592 =head2 assertions::compat - assertions for pre-5.9 versions of perl
10602 =item The C<assertion> attribute handler
10604 =item Assertion execution status as a constant
10612 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
10616 =head2 attributes - get/set subroutine or variable attributes
10626 =item Built-in Attributes
10628 locked, method, lvalue
10630 =item Available Subroutines
10634 =item Package-specific Attribute Handling
10636 FETCH_I<type>_ATTRIBUTES, MODIFY_I<type>_ATTRIBUTES
10638 =item Syntax of Attribute Lists
10646 =item Default exports
10648 =item Available exports
10650 =item Export tags defined
10660 =head2 autouse - postpone load of modules until a function is used
10676 =head2 base - Establish IS-A relationship with base classes at compile time
10686 Base class package "%s" is empty
10696 =head2 bigint - Transparent BigInteger support for Perl
10708 a or accuracy, p or precision, t or trace, l or lib, v or version
10712 =item Internal Format
10734 =head2 bignum - Transparent BigNumber support for Perl
10746 a or accuracy, p or precision, t or trace, l or lib, v or version
10752 inf(), NaN(), upgrade()
10756 =item INTERNAL FORMAT
10774 =head2 bigrat - Transparent BigNumber/BigRational support for Perl
10796 a or accuracy, p or precision, t or trace, l or lib, v or version
10802 perl -Mbigrat -le 'print sqrt(33)'
10803 perl -Mbigrat -le 'print 2*255'
10804 perl -Mbigrat -le 'print 4.5+2*255'
10805 perl -Mbigrat -le 'print 3/7 + 5/7 + 8/3'
10806 perl -Mbigrat -le 'print 12->is_odd()';
10816 =head2 blib - Use MakeMaker's uninstalled version of a package
10830 =head2 bytes - Perl pragma to force byte semantics rather than character
10845 =head2 charnames - define character names for C<\N{named}> string literal
10854 =item CUSTOM TRANSLATORS
10856 =item CUSTOM ALIASES
10860 =item Anonymous hashes
10864 =item Alias shortcut
10868 =item charnames::viacode(code)
10870 =item charnames::vianame(name)
10874 =item ILLEGAL CHARACTERS
10880 =head2 constant - Perl pragma to declare constants
10892 =item List constants
10894 =item Defining multiple constants at once
10896 =item Magic constants
10900 =item TECHNICAL NOTES
10910 =head2 diagnostics, splain - produce verbose warning diagnostics
10920 =item The C<diagnostics> Pragma
10922 =item The I<splain> Program
10936 =head2 encoding - allows you to write your script in non-ascii or non-utf8
10946 =item Literal Conversions
10948 =item PerlIO layers for C<STD(IN|OUT)>
10950 =item Implicit upgrading for byte strings
10954 =item FEATURES THAT REQUIRE 5.8.1
10956 "NON-EUC" doublebyte encodings, tr//, DATA pseudo-filehandle
10960 use encoding [I<ENCNAME>] ;, use encoding I<ENCNAME> [ STDIN =E<gt>
10961 I<ENCNAME_IN> ...] ;, use encoding I<ENCNAME> Filter=E<gt>1;, no encoding;
10963 =item The Filter Option
10967 =item Filter-related changes at Encode version 1.87
10977 =item DO NOT MIX MULTIPLE ENCODINGS
10979 =item tr/// with ranges
10981 Legend of characters above
10985 =item EXAMPLE - Greekperl
10987 =item KNOWN PROBLEMS
10989 literals in regex that are longer than 127 bytes, EBCDIC, format
10993 =item The Logic of :locale
11003 =head2 encoding::warnings - Warn on implicit encoding conversions
11015 =item Overview of the problem
11017 =item Detecting the problem
11019 =item Solving the problem
11021 Upgrade both sides to unicode-strings, Downgrade both sides to
11022 byte-strings, Specify the encoding for implicit byte-string upgrading,
11023 PerlIO layers for B<STDIN> and B<STDOUT>, Literal conversions, Implicit
11024 upgrading for byte-strings
11042 =head2 feature - Perl pragma to enable new syntactic features
11052 =item The 'switch' feature
11054 =item The '~~' feature
11056 =item The 'say' feature
11058 =item the 'err' feature
11062 =item FEATURE BUNDLES
11066 =head2 fields - compile-time class fields
11080 =head2 filetest - Perl pragma to control the filetest permission operators
11090 =item subpragma access
11096 =head2 if - C<use> a Perl module if a condition holds
11110 =head2 integer - Perl pragma to use integer arithmetic instead of floating
11121 =head2 less - perl pragma to request less of something from the compiler
11131 =head2 lib - manipulate @INC at compile time
11141 =item Adding directories to @INC
11143 =item Deleting directories from @INC
11145 =item Restoring original @INC
11159 =head2 locale - Perl pragma to use and avoid POSIX locales for built-in
11170 =head2 open - perl pragma to set default PerlIO layers for input and output
11178 =item NONPERLIO FUNCTIONALITY
11180 =item IMPLEMENTATION DETAILS
11186 =head2 ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when compiling
11198 =head2 overload - Package for overloading Perl operations
11208 =item Declaration of overloaded functions
11210 =item Calling Conventions for Binary Operations
11212 FALSE, TRUE, C<undef>
11214 =item Calling Conventions for Unary Operations
11216 =item Calling Conventions for Mutators
11218 C<++> and C<-->, C<x=> and other assignment versions
11220 =item Overloadable Operations
11222 I<Arithmetic operations>, I<Comparison operations>, I<Bit operations>,
11223 I<Increment and decrement>, I<Transcendental functions>, I<Boolean, string
11224 and numeric conversion>, I<Iteration>, I<Dereferencing>, I<Special>
11226 =item Inheritance and overloading
11228 Strings as values of C<use overload> directive, Overloading of an operation
11229 is inherited by derived classes
11233 =item SPECIAL SYMBOLS FOR C<use overload>
11243 C<undef>, TRUE, defined, but FALSE
11245 =item Copy Constructor
11251 =item MAGIC AUTOGENERATION
11253 I<Assignment forms of arithmetic operations>, I<Conversion operations>,
11254 I<Increment and decrement>, C<abs($a)>, I<Unary minus>, I<Negation>,
11255 I<Concatenation>, I<Comparison operations>, I<Iterator>, I<Dereferencing>,
11258 =item Losing overloading
11260 =item Run-time Overloading
11262 =item Public functions
11264 overload::StrVal(arg), overload::Overloaded(arg), overload::Method(obj,op)
11266 =item Overloading constants
11268 integer, float, binary, q, qr
11270 =item IMPLEMENTATION
11272 =item Metaphor clash
11278 =item Two-face scalars
11280 =item Two-face references
11282 =item Symbolic calculator
11284 =item I<Really> symbolic calculator
11292 Odd number of arguments for overload::constant, `%s' is not an overloadable
11293 type, `%s' is not a code reference
11299 =head2 sigtrap - Perl pragma to enable simple signal handling
11311 =item SIGNAL HANDLERS
11313 B<stack-trace>, B<die>, B<handler> I<your-handler>
11317 B<normal-signals>, B<error-signals>, B<old-interface-signals>
11321 B<untrapped>, B<any>, I<signal>, I<number>
11329 =head2 sort - perl pragma to control sort() behaviour
11341 =head2 strict - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe constructs
11349 C<strict refs>, C<strict vars>, C<strict subs>
11355 =head2 subs - Perl pragma to predeclare sub names
11365 =head2 threadshared, threads::shared - Perl extension for sharing data
11366 structures between threads
11378 share VARIABLE, lock VARIABLE, cond_wait VARIABLE, cond_wait CONDVAR,
11379 LOCKVAR, cond_timedwait VARIABLE, ABS_TIMEOUT, cond_timedwait CONDVAR,
11380 ABS_TIMEOUT, LOCKVAR, cond_signal VARIABLE, cond_broadcast VARIABLE
11392 =head2 utf8 - Perl pragma to enable/disable UTF-8 (or UTF-EBCDIC) in source
11403 =item Utility functions
11405 $num_octets = utf8::upgrade($string), $success = utf8::downgrade($string[,
11406 FAIL_OK]), utf8::encode($string), utf8::decode($string), $flag =
11407 utf8::is_utf8(STRING), $flag = utf8::valid(STRING)
11417 =head2 vars - Perl pragma to predeclare global variable names (obsolete)
11427 =head2 version - Perl extension for Version Objects
11437 =item BEST PRACTICES
11439 Be consistent, Be careful
11441 =item What IS a version
11443 Numeric Versions, Extended Versions
11445 =item Numeric Versions
11447 =item Extended Versions
11449 =item Numeric Alpha Versions
11451 =item Object Methods
11453 New Operator, qv(), Normal Form, Numification, Stringification, Comparison
11454 operators, Logical Operators
11458 =item What about v-strings?
11460 =item Types of Versions Objects
11462 Ordinary versions, Alpha Versions
11464 =item Replacement UNIVERSAL::VERSION
11478 =head2 vmsish - Perl pragma to control VMS-specific language features
11486 C<vmsish status>, C<vmsish exit>, C<vmsish time>, C<vmsish hushed>
11490 =head2 warnings - Perl pragma to control optional warnings
11498 use warnings::register, warnings::enabled(), warnings::enabled($category),
11499 warnings::enabled($object), warnings::warn($message),
11500 warnings::warn($category, $message), warnings::warn($object, $message),
11501 warnings::warnif($message), warnings::warnif($category, $message),
11502 warnings::warnif($object, $message)
11506 =head2 warnings::register - warnings import function
11516 =head1 MODULE DOCUMENTATION
11518 =head2 AnyDBM_File - provide framework for multiple DBMs
11528 =item DBM Comparisons
11538 =head2 Archive::Tar - module for manipulations of tar archives
11546 =item Object Methods
11550 =item Archive::Tar->new( [$file, $compressed] )
11558 =item $tar->read ( $filename|$handle, $compressed, {opt => 'val'} )
11566 =item $tar->contains_file( $filename )
11572 =item $tar->extract( [@filenames] )
11578 =item $tar->extract_file( $file, [$extract_path] )
11584 =item $tar->list_files( [\@properties] )
11590 =item $tar->get_files( [@filenames] )
11596 =item $tar->get_content( $file )
11602 =item $tar->replace_content( $file, $content )
11608 =item $tar->rename( $file, $new_name )
11614 =item $tar->remove (@filenamelist)
11626 =item $tar->write ( [$file, $compressed, $prefix] )
11632 =item $tar->add_files( @filenamelist )
11638 =item $tar->add_data ( $filename, $data, [$opthashref] )
11640 FILE, HARDLINK, SYMLINK, CHARDEV, BLOCKDEV, DIR, FIFO, SOCKET
11646 =item $tar->error( [$BOOL] )
11652 =item $bool = $tar->has_io_string
11658 =item $bool = $tar->has_perlio
11664 =item Class Methods
11668 =item Archive::Tar->create_archive($file, $compression, @filelist)
11676 =item Archive::Tar->list_archive ($file, $compressed, [\@properties])
11682 =item Archive::Tar->extract_archive ($file, $gzip)
11688 =item Archive::Tar->can_handle_compressed_files
11694 =item GLOBAL VARIABLES
11698 =item $Archive::Tar::FOLLOW_SYMLINK
11700 =item $Archive::Tar::CHOWN
11702 =item $Archive::Tar::CHMOD
11704 =item $Archive::Tar::DO_NOT_USE_PREFIX
11706 =item $Archive::Tar::DEBUG
11708 =item $Archive::Tar::WARN
11710 =item $Archive::Tar::error
11712 =item $Archive::Tar::HAS_PERLIO
11714 =item $Archive::Tar::HAS_IO_STRING
11720 What's the minimum perl version required to run Archive::Tar?, Isn't
11721 Archive::Tar slow?, Isn't Archive::Tar heavier on memory than /bin/tar?,
11722 Can't you lazy-load data instead?, How much memory will an X kb tar file
11723 need?, What do you do with unsupported filetypes in an archive?, How do I
11724 access .tar.Z files?
11728 Check if passed in handles are open for read/write, Allow archives to be
11729 passed in as string, Facilitate processing an opened filehandle of a
11734 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
11740 =head2 Archive::Tar::File - a subclass for in-memory extracted file from
11753 name, mode, uid, gid, size, mtime, chksum, type, linkname, magic, version,
11754 uname, gname, devmajor, devminor, prefix, raw
11762 =item new( file => $path )
11764 =item new( data => $path, $data, $opt )
11766 =item new( chunk => $chunk )
11798 =item get_content_by_ref
11804 =item replace_content( $content )
11810 =item rename( $new_name )
11816 =item Convenience methods
11818 is_file, is_dir, is_hardlink, is_symlink, is_chardev, is_blockdev, is_fifo,
11819 is_socket, is_longlink, is_label, is_unknown
11823 =head2 Attribute::Handlers - Simpler definition of attribute handlers
11833 [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5]
11837 =item Typed lexicals
11839 =item Type-specific attribute handlers
11841 =item Non-interpretive attribute handlers
11843 =item Phase-specific attribute handlers
11845 =item Attributes as C<tie> interfaces
11853 C<Bad attribute type: ATTR(%s)>, C<Attribute handler %s doesn't handle %s
11854 attributes>, C<Declaration of %s attribute in package %s may clash with
11855 future reserved word>, C<Can't have two ATTR specifiers on one subroutine>,
11856 C<Can't autotie a %s>, C<Internal error: %s symbol went missing>, C<Won't
11857 be able to apply END handler>
11867 =head2 AutoLoader - load subroutines only on demand
11877 =item Subroutine Stubs
11879 =item Using B<AutoLoader>'s AUTOLOAD Subroutine
11881 =item Overriding B<AutoLoader>'s AUTOLOAD Subroutine
11883 =item Package Lexicals
11885 =item Not Using AutoLoader
11887 =item B<AutoLoader> vs. B<SelfLoader>
11897 =head2 AutoSplit - split a package for autoloading
11905 $keep, $check, $modtime
11909 =item Multiple packages
11917 =head2 B - The Perl Compiler
11927 =item Utility Functions
11931 =item Functions Returning C<B::SV>, C<B::AV>, C<B::HV>, and C<B::CV>
11934 sv_undef, sv_yes, sv_no, svref_2object(SVREF), amagic_generation, init_av,
11935 check_av, begin_av, end_av, comppadlist, regex_padav, main_cv
11937 =item Functions for Examining the Symbol Table
11939 walksymtable(SYMREF, METHOD, RECURSE, PREFIX)
11941 =item Functions Returning C<B::OP> objects or for walking op trees
11943 main_root, main_start, walkoptree(OP, METHOD), walkoptree_debug(DEBUG)
11945 =item Miscellaneous Utility Functions
11947 ppname(OPNUM), hash(STR), cast_I32(I), minus_c, cstring(STR),
11948 perlstring(STR), class(OBJ), threadsv_names
11952 =item OVERVIEW OF CLASSES
11956 =item SV-RELATED CLASSES
11958 =item B::SV Methods
11960 REFCNT, FLAGS, object_2svref
11962 =item B::IV Methods
11964 IV, IVX, UVX, int_value, needs64bits, packiv
11966 =item B::NV Methods
11970 =item B::RV Methods
11974 =item B::PV Methods
11978 =item B::PVMG Methods
11982 =item B::MAGIC Methods
11984 MOREMAGIC, precomp, PRIVATE, TYPE, FLAGS, OBJ, PTR, REGEX
11986 =item B::PVLV Methods
11988 TARGOFF, TARGLEN, TYPE, TARG
11990 =item B::BM Methods
11992 USEFUL, PREVIOUS, RARE, TABLE
11994 =item B::GV Methods
11996 is_empty, NAME, SAFENAME, STASH, SV, IO, FORM, AV, HV, EGV, CV, CVGEN,
11997 LINE, FILE, FILEGV, GvREFCNT, FLAGS
11999 =item B::IO Methods
12001 LINES, PAGE, PAGE_LEN, LINES_LEFT, TOP_NAME, TOP_GV, FMT_NAME, FMT_GV,
12002 BOTTOM_NAME, BOTTOM_GV, SUBPROCESS, IoTYPE, IoFLAGS, IsSTD
12004 =item B::AV Methods
12006 FILL, MAX, ARRAY, ARRAYelt, OFF, AvFLAGS
12008 =item B::CV Methods
12010 STASH, START, ROOT, GV, FILE, DEPTH, PADLIST, OUTSIDE, OUTSIDE_SEQ, XSUB,
12011 XSUBANY, CvFLAGS, const_sv
12013 =item B::HV Methods
12015 FILL, MAX, KEYS, RITER, NAME, ARRAY, PMROOT
12017 =item OP-RELATED CLASSES
12019 =item B::OP Methods
12021 next, sibling, name, ppaddr, desc, targ, type, opt, static, flags, private,
12024 =item B::UNOP METHOD
12028 =item B::BINOP METHOD
12032 =item B::LOGOP METHOD
12036 =item B::LISTOP METHOD
12040 =item B::PMOP Methods
12042 pmreplroot, pmreplstart, pmnext, pmregexp, pmflags, pmdynflags,
12043 pmpermflags, precomp, pmoffset
12045 =item B::SVOP METHOD
12049 =item B::PADOP METHOD
12053 =item B::PVOP METHOD
12057 =item B::LOOP Methods
12059 redoop, nextop, lastop
12061 =item B::COP Methods
12063 label, stash, stashpv, file, cop_seq, arybase, line, warnings, io
12071 =head2 B::Asmdata - Autogenerated data about Perl ops, used to generate
12080 %insn_data, @insn_name, @optype, @specialsv_name
12086 =head2 B::Assembler - Assemble Perl bytecode
12098 =head2 B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks
12118 =head2 B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend
12130 B<-b>, B<-H>, B<-k>, B<-o>I<outfile>, B<-s>
12140 =head2 B::C - Perl compiler's C backend
12150 B<-ofilename>, B<-v>, B<-->, B<-uPackname>, B<-D>, B<-Do>, B<-Dc>, B<-DA>,
12151 B<-DC>, B<-DM>, B<-f>, B<-fcog>, B<-fsave-data>, B<-fppaddr>, B<-fwarn-sv>,
12152 B<-fuse-script-name>, B<-fsave-sig-hash>, B<-On>, B<-O0>, B<-O1>, B<-O2>,
12163 =head2 B::CC - Perl compiler's optimized C translation backend
12173 B<-ofilename>, B<-v>, B<-->, B<-uPackname>, B<-mModulename>, B<-D>, B<-Dr>,
12174 B<-DO>, B<-Ds>, B<-Dp>, B<-Dq>, B<-Dl>, B<-Dt>, B<-f>,
12175 B<-ffreetmps-each-bblock>, B<-ffreetmps-each-loop>, B<-fomit-taint>, B<-On>
12187 =item Context of ".."
12191 =item Deprecated features
12199 =head2 B::Concise - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing concise info about ops
12213 =item Options for Opcode Ordering
12215 B<-basic>, B<-exec>, B<-tree>
12217 =item Options for Line-Style
12219 B<-concise>, B<-terse>, B<-linenoise>, B<-debug>, B<-env>
12221 =item Options for tree-specific formatting
12223 B<-compact>, B<-loose>, B<-vt>, B<-ascii>
12225 =item Options controlling sequence numbering
12227 B<-base>I<n>, B<-bigendian>, B<-littleendian>
12229 =item Other options
12231 B<-main>, B<-nomain>, B<-nobanner>, B<-banner>, B<-banneris> => subref
12233 =item Option Stickiness
12237 =item ABBREVIATIONS
12241 =item OP class abbreviations
12243 =item OP flags abbreviations
12247 =item FORMATTING SPECIFICATIONS
12251 =item Special Patterns
12253 B<(x(>I<exec_text>B<;>I<basic_text>B<)x)>, B<(*(>I<text>B<)*)>,
12254 B<(*(>I<text1>B<;>I<text2>B<)*)>, B<(?(>I<text1>B<#>I<var>I<Text2>B<)?)>,
12259 B<#>I<var>, B<#>I<var>I<N>, B<#>I<Var>, B<#addr>, B<#arg>, B<#class>,
12260 B<#classsym>, B<#coplabel>, B<#exname>, B<#extarg>, B<#firstaddr>,
12261 B<#flags>, B<#flagval>, B<#hyphseq>, B<#label>, B<#lastaddr>, B<#name>,
12262 B<#NAME>, B<#next>, B<#nextaddr>, B<#noise>, B<#private>, B<#privval>,
12263 B<#seq>, B<#seqnum>, B<#opt>, B<#static>, B<#sibaddr>, B<#svaddr>,
12264 B<#svclass>, B<#svval>, B<#targ>, B<#targarg>, B<#targarglife>, B<#typenum>
12268 =item One-Liner Command tips
12270 perl -MO=Concise,bar foo.pl, perl -MDigest::MD5=md5 -MO=Concise,md5 -e1,
12271 perl -MPOSIX -MO=Concise,_POSIX_ARG_MAX -e1, perl -MPOSIX -MO=Concise,a -e
12272 'print _POSIX_SAVED_IDS', perl -MPOSIX -MO=Concise,a -e 'sub
12273 a{_POSIX_SAVED_IDS}'
12275 =item Using B::Concise outside of the O framework
12279 =item Example: Altering Concise Renderings
12283 =item set_style_standard($name)
12287 =item add_callback()
12289 =item Running B::Concise::compile()
12291 =item B::Concise::reset_sequence()
12301 =head2 B::Debug - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing debug info about ops
12313 =head2 B::Deparse - Perl compiler backend to produce perl code
12323 B<-d>, B<-f>I<FILE>, B<-l>, B<-p>, B<-P>, B<-q>, B<-s>I<LETTERS>, B<C>,
12324 B<i>I<NUMBER>, B<T>, B<v>I<STRING>B<.>, B<-x>I<LEVEL>
12326 =item USING B::Deparse AS A MODULE
12336 =item ambient_pragmas
12338 strict, $[, bytes, utf8, integer, re, warnings, hint_bits, warning_bits
12350 =head2 B::Disassembler - Disassemble Perl bytecode
12362 =head2 B::Lint - Perl lint
12370 =item OPTIONS AND LINT CHECKS
12372 B<context>, B<implicit-read> and B<implicit-write>, B<bare-subs>,
12373 B<dollar-underscore>, B<private-names>, B<undefined-subs>,
12374 B<regexp-variables>, B<all>, B<none>
12376 =item NON LINT-CHECK OPTIONS
12380 =item EXTENDING LINT
12388 =head2 B::O, O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends
12398 =item IMPLEMENTATION
12406 =head2 B::Showlex - Show lexical variables used in functions or files
12430 =head2 B::Stackobj - Helper module for CC backend
12442 =head2 B::Stash - show what stashes are loaded
12444 =head2 B::Terse - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing terse info about ops
12456 =head2 B::Xref - Generates cross reference reports for Perl programs
12466 C<-oFILENAME>, C<-r>, C<-d>, C<-D[tO]>
12474 =head2 Bblock, B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks
12494 =head2 Benchmark - benchmark running times of Perl code
12508 =item Standard Exports
12510 timeit(COUNT, CODE), timethis ( COUNT, CODE, [ TITLE, [ STYLE ]] ),
12511 timethese ( COUNT, CODEHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), timediff ( T1, T2 ), timestr (
12512 TIMEDIFF, [ STYLE, [ FORMAT ] ] )
12514 =item Optional Exports
12516 clearcache ( COUNT ), clearallcache ( ), cmpthese ( COUNT, CODEHASHREF, [
12517 STYLE ] ), cmpthese ( RESULTSHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), countit(TIME, CODE),
12518 disablecache ( ), enablecache ( ), timesum ( T1, T2 )
12520 =item :hireswallclock
12536 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
12540 =head2 ByteLoader - load byte compiled perl code
12554 =head2 Bytecode, B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend
12566 B<-b>, B<-H>, B<-k>, B<-o>I<outfile>, B<-s>
12576 =head2 CGI - Simple Common Gateway Interface Class
12588 =item PROGRAMMING STYLE
12590 =item CALLING CGI.PM ROUTINES
12592 =item CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT (OBJECT-ORIENTED STYLE):
12594 =item CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT FROM AN INPUT FILE
12596 =item FETCHING A LIST OF KEYWORDS FROM THE QUERY:
12598 =item FETCHING THE NAMES OF ALL THE PARAMETERS PASSED TO YOUR SCRIPT:
12600 =item FETCHING THE VALUE OR VALUES OF A SINGLE NAMED PARAMETER:
12602 =item SETTING THE VALUE(S) OF A NAMED PARAMETER:
12604 =item APPENDING ADDITIONAL VALUES TO A NAMED PARAMETER:
12606 =item IMPORTING ALL PARAMETERS INTO A NAMESPACE:
12608 =item DELETING A PARAMETER COMPLETELY:
12610 =item DELETING ALL PARAMETERS:
12612 =item HANDLING NON-URLENCODED ARGUMENTS
12614 =item DIRECT ACCESS TO THE PARAMETER LIST:
12616 =item FETCHING THE PARAMETER LIST AS A HASH:
12618 =item SAVING THE STATE OF THE SCRIPT TO A FILE:
12620 =item RETRIEVING CGI ERRORS
12622 =item USING THE FUNCTION-ORIENTED INTERFACE
12624 B<:cgi>, B<:form>, B<:html2>, B<:html3>, B<:html4>, B<:netscape>, B<:html>,
12625 B<:standard>, B<:all>
12629 -any, -compile, -nosticky, -tabindex, -no_undef_params, -no_xhtml, -nph,
12630 -newstyle_urls, -oldstyle_urls, -autoload, -no_debug, -debug,
12633 =item SPECIAL FORMS FOR IMPORTING HTML-TAG FUNCTIONS
12635 1. start_table() (generates a <table> tag), 2. end_table() (generates a
12636 </table> tag), 3. start_ul() (generates a <ul> tag), 4. end_ul() (generates
12641 =item GENERATING DYNAMIC DOCUMENTS
12645 =item CREATING A STANDARD HTTP HEADER:
12647 =item GENERATING A REDIRECTION HEADER
12649 =item CREATING THE HTML DOCUMENT HEADER
12651 B<Parameters:>, 4, 5, 6..
12653 =item ENDING THE HTML DOCUMENT:
12655 =item CREATING A SELF-REFERENCING URL THAT PRESERVES STATE INFORMATION:
12657 =item OBTAINING THE SCRIPT'S URL
12659 B<-absolute>, B<-relative>, B<-full>, B<-path> (B<-path_info>), B<-query>
12660 (B<-query_string>), B<-base>, B<-rewrite>
12662 =item MIXING POST AND URL PARAMETERS
12666 =item CREATING STANDARD HTML ELEMENTS:
12670 =item PROVIDING ARGUMENTS TO HTML SHORTCUTS
12672 =item THE DISTRIBUTIVE PROPERTY OF HTML SHORTCUTS
12674 =item HTML SHORTCUTS AND LIST INTERPOLATION
12676 =item NON-STANDARD HTML SHORTCUTS
12678 =item AUTOESCAPING HTML
12680 $escaped_string = escapeHTML("unescaped string");, $charset =
12681 charset([$charset]);, $flag = autoEscape([$flag]);
12683 =item PRETTY-PRINTING HTML
12687 =item CREATING FILL-OUT FORMS:
12691 =item CREATING AN ISINDEX TAG
12693 =item STARTING AND ENDING A FORM
12695 B<application/x-www-form-urlencoded>, B<multipart/form-data>
12697 =item FORM ELEMENTS
12699 B<-name>, B<-value>, B<-values>, B<-tabindex>, B<-id>, B<-override>,
12700 B<-onChange>, B<-onFocus>, B<-onBlur>, B<-onMouseOver>, B<-onMouseOut>,
12703 =item CREATING A TEXT FIELD
12707 =item CREATING A BIG TEXT FIELD
12709 =item CREATING A PASSWORD FIELD
12711 =item CREATING A FILE UPLOAD FIELD
12715 =item CREATING A POPUP MENU
12717 =item CREATING AN OPTION GROUP
12719 =item CREATING A SCROLLING LIST
12723 =item CREATING A GROUP OF RELATED CHECKBOXES
12727 =item CREATING A STANDALONE CHECKBOX
12731 =item CREATING A RADIO BUTTON GROUP
12735 =item CREATING A SUBMIT BUTTON
12739 =item CREATING A RESET BUTTON
12741 =item CREATING A DEFAULT BUTTON
12743 =item CREATING A HIDDEN FIELD
12747 =item CREATING A CLICKABLE IMAGE BUTTON
12749 B<Parameters:>, 3. The third option (-align, optional) is an alignment
12750 type, and may be TOP, BOTTOM or MIDDLE
12752 =item CREATING A JAVASCRIPT ACTION BUTTON
12758 1. an expiration time, 2. a domain, 3. a path, 4. a "secure" flag,
12759 B<-name>, B<-value>, B<-path>, B<-domain>, B<-expires>, B<-secure>
12761 =item WORKING WITH FRAMES
12763 1. Create a <Frameset> document, 2. Specify the destination for the
12764 document in the HTTP header, 3. Specify the destination for the document in
12767 =item SUPPORT FOR JAVASCRIPT
12769 B<onLoad>, B<onUnload>, B<onSubmit>, B<onClick>, B<onChange>, B<onFocus>,
12770 B<onBlur>, B<onSelect>, B<onMouseOver>, B<onMouseOut>
12772 =item LIMITED SUPPORT FOR CASCADING STYLE SHEETS
12778 =item DUMPING OUT ALL THE NAME/VALUE PAIRS
12782 =item FETCHING ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
12784 B<Accept()>, B<raw_cookie()>, B<user_agent()>, B<path_info()>,
12785 B<path_translated()>, B<remote_host()>, B<script_name()> Return the script
12786 name as a partial URL, for self-refering scripts, B<referer()>, B<auth_type
12787 ()>, B<server_name ()>, B<virtual_host ()>, B<server_port ()>,
12788 B<virtual_port ()>, B<server_software ()>, B<remote_user ()>, B<user_name
12789 ()>, B<request_method()>, B<content_type()>, B<http()>, B<https()>
12791 =item USING NPH SCRIPTS
12793 In the B<use> statement, By calling the B<nph()> method:, By using B<-nph>
12798 multipart_init(), multipart_start(), multipart_end(), multipart_final()
12800 =item Avoiding Denial of Service Attacks
12802 B<$CGI::POST_MAX>, B<$CGI::DISABLE_UPLOADS>, B<1. On a script-by-script
12803 basis>, B<2. Globally for all scripts>
12805 =item COMPATIBILITY WITH CGI-LIB.PL
12807 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
12811 Matt Heffron (heffron@falstaff.css.beckman.com), James Taylor
12812 (james.taylor@srs.gov), Scott Anguish <sanguish@digifix.com>, Mike Jewell
12813 (mlj3u@virginia.edu), Timothy Shimmin (tes@kbs.citri.edu.au), Joergen Haegg
12814 (jh@axis.se), Laurent Delfosse (delfosse@delfosse.com), Richard Resnick
12815 (applepi1@aol.com), Craig Bishop (csb@barwonwater.vic.gov.au), Tony Curtis
12816 (tc@vcpc.univie.ac.at), Tim Bunce (Tim.Bunce@ig.co.uk), Tom Christiansen
12817 (tchrist@convex.com), Andreas Koenig (k@franz.ww.TU-Berlin.DE), Tim
12818 MacKenzie (Tim.MacKenzie@fulcrum.com.au), Kevin B. Hendricks
12819 (kbhend@dogwood.tyler.wm.edu), Stephen Dahmen (joyfire@inxpress.net), Ed
12820 Jordan (ed@fidalgo.net), David Alan Pisoni (david@cnation.com), Doug
12821 MacEachern (dougm@opengroup.org), Robin Houston (robin@oneworld.org),
12822 ...and many many more..
12824 =item A COMPLETE EXAMPLE OF A SIMPLE FORM-BASED SCRIPT
12832 =head2 CGI::Apache - Backward compatibility module for CGI.pm
12842 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
12850 =head2 CGI::Carp, B<CGI::Carp> - CGI routines for writing to the HTTPD (or
12859 =item REDIRECTING ERROR MESSAGES
12861 =item MAKING PERL ERRORS APPEAR IN THE BROWSER WINDOW
12865 =item Changing the default message
12869 =item MAKING WARNINGS APPEAR AS HTML COMMENTS
12871 =item OVERRIDING THE NAME OF THE PROGRAM
12879 =head2 CGI::Cookie - Interface to Netscape Cookies
12887 =item USING CGI::Cookie
12889 B<1. expiration date>, B<2. domain>, B<3. path>, B<4. secure flag>
12893 =item Creating New Cookies
12895 =item Sending the Cookie to the Browser
12897 =item Recovering Previous Cookies
12899 =item Manipulating Cookies
12901 B<name()>, B<value()>, B<domain()>, B<path()>, B<expires()>
12905 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
12913 =head2 CGI::Fast - CGI Interface for Fast CGI
12921 =item OTHER PIECES OF THE PUZZLE
12923 =item WRITING FASTCGI PERL SCRIPTS
12925 =item INSTALLING FASTCGI SCRIPTS
12927 =item USING FASTCGI SCRIPTS AS CGI SCRIPTS
12929 =item EXTERNAL FASTCGI SERVER INVOCATION
12931 FCGI_SOCKET_PATH, FCGI_LISTEN_QUEUE
12935 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
12943 =head2 CGI::Pretty - module to produce nicely formatted HTML code
12953 =item Tags that won't be formatted
12955 =item Customizing the Indenting
12967 =head2 CGI::Push - Simple Interface to Server Push
12975 =item USING CGI::Push
12977 -next_page, -last_page, -type, -delay, -cookie, -target, -expires, -nph
12981 =item Heterogeneous Pages
12983 =item Changing the Page Delay on the Fly
12987 =item INSTALLING CGI::Push SCRIPTS
12989 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
12997 =head2 CGI::Switch - Backward compatibility module for defunct CGI::Switch
13007 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
13015 =head2 CGI::Util - Internal utilities used by CGI module
13023 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
13029 =head2 CPAN - query, download and build perl modules from CPAN sites
13041 =item Interactive Mode
13043 Searching for authors, bundles, distribution files and modules, make, test,
13044 install, clean modules or distributions, get, readme, perldoc, look module
13045 or distribution, ls author, ls globbing_expression, failed, Lockfile,
13054 =item The four C<CPAN::*> Classes: Author, Bundle, Module, Distribution
13056 =item Programmer's interface
13058 expand($type,@things), expandany(@things), Programming Examples
13060 =item Methods in the other Classes
13062 CPAN::Author::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Author::as_string(),
13063 CPAN::Author::email(), CPAN::Author::fullname(), CPAN::Author::name(),
13064 CPAN::Bundle::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Bundle::as_string(),
13065 CPAN::Bundle::clean(), CPAN::Bundle::contains(),
13066 CPAN::Bundle::force($method,@args), CPAN::Bundle::get(),
13067 CPAN::Bundle::inst_file(), CPAN::Bundle::inst_version(),
13068 CPAN::Bundle::uptodate(), CPAN::Bundle::install(), CPAN::Bundle::make(),
13069 CPAN::Bundle::readme(), CPAN::Bundle::test(),
13070 CPAN::Distribution::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Distribution::as_string(),
13071 CPAN::Distribution::clean(), CPAN::Distribution::containsmods(),
13072 CPAN::Distribution::cvs_import(), CPAN::Distribution::dir(),
13073 CPAN::Distribution::force($method,@args), CPAN::Distribution::get(),
13074 CPAN::Distribution::install(), CPAN::Distribution::isa_perl(),
13075 CPAN::Distribution::look(), CPAN::Distribution::make(),
13076 CPAN::Distribution::prereq_pm(), CPAN::Distribution::readme(),
13077 CPAN::Distribution::perldoc(), CPAN::Distribution::test(),
13078 CPAN::Distribution::uptodate(), CPAN::Index::force_reload(),
13079 CPAN::Index::reload(), CPAN::InfoObj::dump(), CPAN::Module::as_glimpse(),
13080 CPAN::Module::as_string(), CPAN::Module::clean(),
13081 CPAN::Module::cpan_file(), CPAN::Module::cpan_version(),
13082 CPAN::Module::cvs_import(), CPAN::Module::description(),
13083 CPAN::Module::force($method,@args), CPAN::Module::get(),
13084 CPAN::Module::inst_file(), CPAN::Module::inst_version(),
13085 CPAN::Module::install(), CPAN::Module::look(), CPAN::Module::make(),
13086 CPAN::Module::manpage_headline(), CPAN::Module::readme(),
13087 CPAN::Module::perldoc(), CPAN::Module::test(), CPAN::Module::uptodate(),
13088 CPAN::Module::userid()
13090 =item Cache Manager
13094 =item Prerequisites
13096 =item Finding packages and VERSION
13100 =item Floppy, Zip, Offline Mode
13104 =item CONFIGURATION
13106 C<o conf E<lt>scalar optionE<gt>>, C<o conf E<lt>scalar optionE<gt>
13107 E<lt>valueE<gt>>, C<o conf E<lt>list optionE<gt>>, C<o conf E<lt>list
13108 optionE<gt> [shift|pop]>, C<o conf E<lt>list optionE<gt>
13109 [unshift|push|splice] E<lt>listE<gt>>
13113 =item Not on config variable getcwd
13115 =item Note on urllist parameter's format
13117 =item urllist parameter has CD-ROM support
13125 =item Cryptographically signed modules
13133 =item POPULATE AN INSTALLATION WITH LOTS OF MODULES
13135 =item WORKING WITH CPAN.pm BEHIND FIREWALLS
13139 =item Three basic types of firewalls
13141 http firewall, ftp firewall, One way visibility, SOCKS, IP Masquerade
13143 =item Configuring lynx or ncftp for going through a firewall
13149 1), 2), 3), 4), 5), 6), 7), 8), 9), 10), 11)
13161 =head2 CPAN::FirstTime - Utility for CPAN::Config file Initialization
13171 =head2 CPAN::Version - utility functions to compare CPAN versions
13181 =head2 CPANox, CPAN::Nox - Wrapper around CPAN.pm without using any XS
13194 =head2 Carp, carp - warn of errors (from perspective of caller)
13204 =item Forcing a Stack Trace
13208 =item GLOBAL VARIABLES
13212 =item $Carp::CarpLevel
13214 =item $Carp::MaxEvalLen
13216 =item $Carp::MaxArgLen
13218 =item $Carp::MaxArgNums
13220 =item $Carp::Verbose
13228 =head2 Carp::Heavy - heavy machinery, no user serviceable parts inside
13230 =head2 Class::ISA -- report the search path for a class's ISA tree
13240 the function Class::ISA::super_path($CLASS), the function
13241 Class::ISA::self_and_super_path($CLASS), the function
13242 Class::ISA::self_and_super_versions($CLASS)
13244 =item CAUTIONARY NOTES
13252 =head2 Class::Struct - declare struct-like datatypes as Perl classes
13262 =item The C<struct()> function
13264 =item Class Creation at Compile Time
13266 =item Element Types and Accessor Methods
13268 Scalar (C<'$'> or C<'*$'>), Array (C<'@'> or C<'*@'>), Hash (C<'%'> or
13269 C<'*%'>), Class (C<'Class_Name'> or C<'*Class_Name'>)
13271 =item Initializing with C<new>
13277 Example 1, Example 2, Example 3
13279 =item Author and Modification History
13283 =head2 Compress::Zlib - Interface to zlib compression library
13291 =item GZIP INTERFACE
13293 B<$gz = gzopen($filename, $mode)>, B<$gz = gzopen($filehandle, $mode)>,
13294 B<$bytesread = $gz-E<gt>gzread($buffer [, $size]) ;>, B<$bytesread =
13295 $gz-E<gt>gzreadline($line) ;>, B<$byteswritten = $gz-E<gt>gzwrite($buffer)
13296 ;>, B<$status = $gz-E<gt>gzflush($flush_type) ;>, B<$offset =
13297 $gz-E<gt>gztell() ;>, B<$status = $gz-E<gt>gzseek($offset, $whence) ;>,
13298 B<$gz-E<gt>gzclose>, B<$gz-E<gt>gzsetparams($level, $strategy>, B<$level>,
13299 B<$strategy>, B<$gz-E<gt>gzerror>, B<$gzerrno>
13305 =item Compress::Zlib::memGzip
13307 =item Compress::Zlib::memGunzip
13311 =item COMPRESS/UNCOMPRESS
13313 B<$dest = compress($source [, $level] ) ;>, B<$dest = uncompress($source)
13316 =item CHECKSUM FUNCTIONS
13318 =item Compress::Zlib::Deflate
13322 =item B<($d, $status) = new Compress::Zlib::Deflate( [OPT] ) >
13324 B<-Level>, B<-Method>, B<-WindowBits>, B<-MemLevel>, B<-Strategy>,
13325 B<-Dictionary>, B<-Bufsize>, B<-AppendOutput>, B<-CRC32>, B<-ADLER32>
13327 =item B<$status = $d-E<gt>deflate($input, $output)>
13329 =item B<$status = $d-E<gt>flush($output [, $flush_type]) >
13331 =item B<$status = $d-E<gt>deflateParams([OPT])>
13333 B<-Level>, B<-Strategy>, B<-BufSize>
13335 =item B<$status = $d-E<gt>deflateTune($good_length, $max_lazy,
13336 $nice_length, $max_chain)>
13338 =item B<$d-E<gt>dict_adler()>
13340 =item B<$d-E<gt>crc32()>
13342 =item B<$d-E<gt>adler32()>
13344 =item B<$d-E<gt>msg()>
13346 =item B<$d-E<gt>total_in()>
13348 =item B<$d-E<gt>total_out()>
13350 =item B<$d-E<gt>get_Strategy()>
13352 =item B<$d-E<gt>get_Level()>
13354 =item B<$d-E<gt>get_BufSize()>
13360 =item Compress::Zlib::Inflate
13364 =item B< ($i, $status) = new Compress::Zlib::Inflate( [OPT] ) >
13366 B<-WindowBits>, B<-Bufsize>, B<-Dictionary>, B<-AppendOutput>, B<-CRC32>,
13367 B<-ADLER32>, B<-ConsumeInput>
13369 =item B< $status = $i-E<gt>inflate($input, $output [,$eof]) >
13371 =item B<$status = $i-E<gt>inflateSync($input)>
13373 =item B<$i-E<gt>dict_adler()>
13375 =item B<$i-E<gt>crc32()>
13377 =item B<$i-E<gt>adler32()>
13379 =item B<$i-E<gt>msg()>
13381 =item B<$i-E<gt>total_in()>
13383 =item B<$i-E<gt>total_out()>
13385 =item B<$d-E<gt>get_BufSize()>
13391 =item Compress::Zlib 1.x Deflate Interface
13395 =item B<($d, $status) = deflateInit( [OPT] )>
13397 B<-Level>, B<-Method>, B<-WindowBits>, B<-MemLevel>, B<-Strategy>,
13398 B<-Dictionary>, B<-Bufsize>
13400 =item B<($out, $status) = $d-E<gt>deflate($buffer)>
13402 =item B<($out, $status) = $d-E<gt>flush([flush_type])>
13404 =item B<$status = $d-E<gt>deflateParams([OPT])>
13406 B<-Level>, B<-Strategy>
13408 =item B<$d-E<gt>dict_adler()>
13410 =item B<$d-E<gt>msg()>
13412 =item B<$d-E<gt>total_in()>
13414 =item B<$d-E<gt>total_out()>
13420 =item Compress::Zlib 1.x Inflate Interface
13424 =item B<($i, $status) = inflateInit()>
13426 B<-WindowBits>, B<-Bufsize>, B<-Dictionary>
13428 =item B<($out, $status) = $i-E<gt>inflate($buffer)>
13430 =item B<$status = $i-E<gt>inflateSync($buffer)>
13432 =item B<$i-E<gt>dict_adler()>
13434 =item B<$i-E<gt>msg()>
13436 =item B<$i-E<gt>total_in()>
13438 =item B<$i-E<gt>total_out()>
13444 =item ACCESSING ZIP FILES
13452 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
13454 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
13458 =head2 Compress::Zlib::File::GlobMapper, File::GlobMapper - Extend File
13459 Glob to Allow Input and Output Files
13467 This code is a work in progress, There are known bugs, The interface
13468 defined here is tentative, There are portability issues, Do not use in
13469 production code, Consider yourself warned!
13473 =item Behind The Scenes
13477 =item Input File Glob
13479 B<~>, B<~user>, B<.>, B<*>, B<?>, B<\>, B<[]>, B<{,}>, B<()>
13481 =item Output File Glob
13485 =item Returned Data
13493 =item A Rename script
13495 =item A few example globmaps
13503 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
13507 =head2 Compress::Zlib::IO::Compress::Deflate, IO::Compress::Deflate -
13508 Perl interface to write RFC 1950 files/buffers
13516 DO NOT use in production code, The documentation is incomplete in places,
13517 Parts of the interface defined here are tentative, Please report any
13520 =item Functional Interface
13524 =item deflate $input => $output [, OPTS]
13526 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
13527 FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array
13528 Reference, An Output FileGlob
13532 =item Optional Parameters
13534 AutoClose =E<gt> 0|1, BinModeIn =E<gt> 0|1, -Append =E<gt> 0|1
13546 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
13548 =item Constructor Options
13550 -AutoClose =E<gt> 0|1, -Append =E<gt> 0|1, A Buffer, A Filename, A
13551 Filehandle, -Merge =E<gt> 0|1, -Level, -Strategy, -Strict =E<gt> 0|1
13583 =item newStream([OPTS])
13587 =item deflateParams
13593 :all, :constants, :flush, :level, :strategy
13601 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
13603 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
13607 =head2 Compress::Zlib::IO::Compress::Gzip, IO::Compress::Gzip - Perl
13608 interface to write RFC 1952 files/buffers
13616 DO NOT use in production code, The documentation is incomplete in places,
13617 Parts of the interface defined here are tentative, Please report any
13620 =item Functional Interface
13624 =item gzip $input => $output [, OPTS]
13626 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
13627 FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array
13628 Reference, An Output FileGlob
13632 =item Optional Parameters
13634 AutoClose =E<gt> 0|1, BinModeIn =E<gt> 0|1, -Append =E<gt> 0|1
13646 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
13648 =item Constructor Options
13650 -AutoClose =E<gt> 0|1, -Append =E<gt> 0|1, A Buffer, A Filename, A
13651 Filehandle, -Merge =E<gt> 0|1, -Level, -Strategy, -Minimal =E<gt> 0|1,
13652 -Comment =E<gt> $comment, -Name =E<gt> $string, -Time =E<gt> $number,
13653 -TextFlag =E<gt> 0|1, -HeaderCRC =E<gt> 0|1, -OS_Code =E<gt> $value,
13654 -ExtraField =E<gt> $data, -ExtraFlags =E<gt> $value, -Strict =E<gt> 0|1
13686 =item newStream([OPTS])
13690 =item deflateParams
13696 :all, :constants, :flush, :level, :strategy
13704 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
13706 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
13710 =head2 Compress::Zlib::IO::Compress::RawDeflate, IO::Compress::RawDeflate
13711 - Perl interface to write RFC 1951 files/buffers
13719 DO NOT use in production code, The documentation is incomplete in places,
13720 Parts of the interface defined here are tentative, Please report any
13723 =item Functional Interface
13727 =item rawdeflate $input => $output [, OPTS]
13729 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
13730 FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array
13731 Reference, An Output FileGlob
13735 =item Optional Parameters
13737 AutoClose =E<gt> 0|1, BinModeIn =E<gt> 0|1, -Append =E<gt> 0|1
13749 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
13751 =item Constructor Options
13753 -AutoClose =E<gt> 0|1, -Append =E<gt> 0|1, A Buffer, A Filename, A
13754 Filehandle, -Merge =E<gt> 0|1, -Level, -Strategy, -Strict =E<gt> 0|1
13786 =item newStream([OPTS])
13790 =item deflateParams
13796 :all, :constants, :flush, :level, :strategy
13804 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
13806 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
13810 =head2 Compress::Zlib::IO::Uncompress::AnyInflate,
13811 IO::Uncompress::AnyInflate - Perl interface to read RFC 1950, 1951 & 1952
13820 DO NOT use in production code, The documentation is incomplete in places,
13821 Parts of the interface defined here are tentative, Please report any
13824 =item Functional Interface
13828 =item anyinflate $input => $output [, OPTS]
13830 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
13831 FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array
13832 Reference, An Output FileGlob
13836 =item Optional Parameters
13838 AutoClose =E<gt> 0|1, BinModeOut =E<gt> 0|1, -Append =E<gt> 0|1,
13839 -MultiStream =E<gt> 0|1
13851 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
13853 =item Constructor Options
13855 -AutoClose =E<gt> 0|1, -MultiStream =E<gt> 0|1, -Prime =E<gt> $string,
13856 -Transparent =E<gt> 0|1, -BlockSize =E<gt> $num, -InputLength =E<gt> $size,
13857 -Append =E<gt> 0|1, -Strict =E<gt> 0|1, -ParseExtra =E<gt> 0|1
13879 =item getHeaderInfo
13905 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
13907 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
13911 =head2 Compress::Zlib::IO::Uncompress::Gunzip, IO::Uncompress::Gunzip -
13912 Perl interface to read RFC 1952 files/buffers
13920 DO NOT use in production code, The documentation is incomplete in places,
13921 Parts of the interface defined here are tentative, Please report any
13924 =item Functional Interface
13928 =item gunzip $input => $output [, OPTS]
13930 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
13931 FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array
13932 Reference, An Output FileGlob
13936 =item Optional Parameters
13938 AutoClose =E<gt> 0|1, BinModeOut =E<gt> 0|1, -Append =E<gt> 0|1,
13939 -MultiStream =E<gt> 0|1
13951 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
13953 =item Constructor Options
13955 -AutoClose =E<gt> 0|1, -MultiStream =E<gt> 0|1, -Prime =E<gt> $string,
13956 -Transparent =E<gt> 0|1, -BlockSize =E<gt> $num, -InputLength =E<gt> $size,
13957 -Append =E<gt> 0|1, -Strict =E<gt> 0|1, -ParseExtra =E<gt> 0|1
13979 =item getHeaderInfo
14007 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
14009 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
14013 =head2 Compress::Zlib::IO::Uncompress::Inflate, IO::Uncompress::Inflate -
14014 Perl interface to read RFC 1950 files/buffers
14022 DO NOT use in production code, The documentation is incomplete in places,
14023 Parts of the interface defined here are tentative, Please report any
14026 =item Functional Interface
14030 =item inflate $input => $output [, OPTS]
14032 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
14033 FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array
14034 Reference, An Output FileGlob
14038 =item Optional Parameters
14040 AutoClose =E<gt> 0|1, BinModeOut =E<gt> 0|1, -Append =E<gt> 0|1,
14041 -MultiStream =E<gt> 0|1
14053 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
14055 =item Constructor Options
14057 -AutoClose =E<gt> 0|1, -MultiStream =E<gt> 0|1, -Prime =E<gt> $string,
14058 -Transparent =E<gt> 0|1, -BlockSize =E<gt> $num, -InputLength =E<gt> $size,
14059 -Append =E<gt> 0|1, -Strict =E<gt> 0|1
14081 =item getHeaderInfo
14107 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
14109 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
14113 =head2 Compress::Zlib::IO::Uncompress::RawInflate,
14114 IO::Uncompress::RawInflate - Perl interface to read RFC 1951 files/buffers
14122 DO NOT use in production code, The documentation is incomplete in places,
14123 Parts of the interface defined here are tentative, Please report any
14126 =item Functional Interface
14130 =item rawinflate $input => $output [, OPTS]
14132 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
14133 FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array
14134 Reference, An Output FileGlob
14138 =item Optional Parameters
14140 AutoClose =E<gt> 0|1, BinModeOut =E<gt> 0|1, -Append =E<gt> 0|1,
14141 -MultiStream =E<gt> 0|1
14153 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
14155 =item Constructor Options
14157 -AutoClose =E<gt> 0|1, -MultiStream =E<gt> 0|1, -Prime =E<gt> $string,
14158 -Transparent =E<gt> 0|1, -BlockSize =E<gt> $num, -InputLength =E<gt> $size,
14159 -Append =E<gt> 0|1, -Strict =E<gt> 0|1
14181 =item getHeaderInfo
14207 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
14209 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
14213 =head2 Compress::Zlib::pod::FAQ, Compress::Zlib::FAQ -- Frequently Asked
14214 Questions about Compress::Zlib
14222 =item Compatibility with Unix compress/uncompress.
14224 =item Accessing .tar.Z files
14226 =item Accessing Zip Files
14228 =item Zlib Library Version Support
14236 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
14238 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
14242 =head2 Config - access Perl configuration information
14250 myconfig(), config_sh(), config_re($regex), config_vars(@names)
14262 C<_a>, C<_exe>, C<_o>
14266 C<afs>, C<afsroot>, C<alignbytes>, C<ansi2knr>, C<aphostname>,
14267 C<api_revision>, C<api_subversion>, C<api_version>, C<api_versionstring>,
14268 C<ar>, C<archlib>, C<archlibexp>, C<archname64>, C<archname>, C<archobjs>,
14269 C<asctime_r_proto>, C<awk>
14273 C<baserev>, C<bash>, C<bin>, C<binexp>, C<bison>, C<byacc>, C<byteorder>
14277 C<c>, C<castflags>, C<cat>, C<cc>, C<cccdlflags>, C<ccdlflags>, C<ccflags>,
14278 C<ccflags_uselargefiles>, C<ccname>, C<ccsymbols>, C<ccversion>, C<cf_by>,
14279 C<cf_email>, C<cf_time>, C<charsize>, C<chgrp>, C<chmod>, C<chown>,
14280 C<clocktype>, C<comm>, C<compress>, C<contains>, C<cp>, C<cpio>, C<cpp>,
14281 C<cpp_stuff>, C<cppccsymbols>, C<cppflags>, C<cpplast>, C<cppminus>,
14282 C<cpprun>, C<cppstdin>, C<cppsymbols>, C<crypt_r_proto>, C<cryptlib>,
14283 C<csh>, C<ctermid_r_proto>, C<ctime_r_proto>
14287 C<d__fwalk>, C<d_access>, C<d_accessx>, C<d_aintl>, C<d_alarm>,
14288 C<d_archlib>, C<d_asctime_r>, C<d_atolf>, C<d_atoll>,
14289 C<d_attribute_format>, C<d_attribute_malloc>, C<d_attribute_nonnull>,
14290 C<d_attribute_noreturn>, C<d_attribute_pure>, C<d_attribute_unused>,
14291 C<d_attribute_warn_unused_result>, C<d_bcmp>, C<d_bcopy>, C<d_bsd>,
14292 C<d_bsdgetpgrp>, C<d_bsdsetpgrp>, C<d_bzero>, C<d_casti32>, C<d_castneg>,
14293 C<d_charvspr>, C<d_chown>, C<d_chroot>, C<d_chsize>, C<d_class>,
14294 C<d_clearenv>, C<d_closedir>, C<d_cmsghdr_s>, C<d_const>, C<d_copysignl>,
14295 C<d_crypt>, C<d_crypt_r>, C<d_csh>, C<d_ctermid_r>, C<d_ctime_r>,
14296 C<d_cuserid>, C<d_dbl_dig>, C<d_dbminitproto>, C<d_difftime>, C<d_dirfd>,
14297 C<d_dirnamlen>, C<d_dlerror>, C<d_dlopen>, C<d_dlsymun>, C<d_dosuid>,
14298 C<d_drand48_r>, C<d_drand48proto>, C<d_dup2>, C<d_eaccess>, C<d_endgrent>,
14299 C<d_endgrent_r>, C<d_endhent>, C<d_endhostent_r>, C<d_endnent>,
14300 C<d_endnetent_r>, C<d_endpent>, C<d_endprotoent_r>, C<d_endpwent>,
14301 C<d_endpwent_r>, C<d_endsent>, C<d_endservent_r>, C<d_eofnblk>,
14302 C<d_eunice>, C<d_faststdio>, C<d_fchdir>, C<d_fchmod>, C<d_fchown>,
14303 C<d_fcntl>, C<d_fcntl_can_lock>, C<d_fd_macros>, C<d_fd_set>,
14304 C<d_fds_bits>, C<d_fgetpos>, C<d_finite>, C<d_finitel>, C<d_flexfnam>,
14305 C<d_flock>, C<d_flockproto>, C<d_fork>, C<d_fp_class>, C<d_fpathconf>,
14306 C<d_fpclass>, C<d_fpclassify>, C<d_fpclassl>, C<d_fpos64_t>, C<d_frexpl>,
14307 C<d_fs_data_s>, C<d_fseeko>, C<d_fsetpos>, C<d_fstatfs>, C<d_fstatvfs>,
14308 C<d_fsync>, C<d_ftello>, C<d_ftime>, C<d_futimes>, C<d_Gconvert>,
14309 C<d_getcwd>, C<d_getespwnam>, C<d_getfsstat>, C<d_getgrent>,
14310 C<d_getgrent_r>, C<d_getgrgid_r>, C<d_getgrnam_r>, C<d_getgrps>,
14311 C<d_gethbyaddr>, C<d_gethbyname>, C<d_gethent>, C<d_gethname>,
14312 C<d_gethostbyaddr_r>, C<d_gethostbyname_r>, C<d_gethostent_r>,
14313 C<d_gethostprotos>, C<d_getitimer>, C<d_getlogin>, C<d_getlogin_r>,
14314 C<d_getmnt>, C<d_getmntent>, C<d_getnbyaddr>, C<d_getnbyname>,
14315 C<d_getnent>, C<d_getnetbyaddr_r>, C<d_getnetbyname_r>, C<d_getnetent_r>,
14316 C<d_getnetprotos>, C<d_getpagsz>, C<d_getpbyname>, C<d_getpbynumber>,
14317 C<d_getpent>, C<d_getpgid>, C<d_getpgrp2>, C<d_getpgrp>, C<d_getppid>,
14318 C<d_getprior>, C<d_getprotobyname_r>, C<d_getprotobynumber_r>,
14319 C<d_getprotoent_r>, C<d_getprotoprotos>, C<d_getprpwnam>, C<d_getpwent>,
14320 C<d_getpwent_r>, C<d_getpwnam_r>, C<d_getpwuid_r>, C<d_getsbyname>,
14321 C<d_getsbyport>, C<d_getsent>, C<d_getservbyname_r>, C<d_getservbyport_r>,
14322 C<d_getservent_r>, C<d_getservprotos>, C<d_getspnam>, C<d_getspnam_r>,
14323 C<d_gettimeod>, C<d_gmtime_r>, C<d_gnulibc>, C<d_grpasswd>, C<d_hasmntopt>,
14324 C<d_htonl>, C<d_ilogbl>, C<d_index>, C<d_inetaton>, C<d_int64_t>,
14325 C<d_isascii>, C<d_isfinite>, C<d_isinf>, C<d_isnan>, C<d_isnanl>,
14326 C<d_killpg>, C<d_lchown>, C<d_ldbl_dig>, C<d_link>, C<d_localtime_r>,
14327 C<d_locconv>, C<d_lockf>, C<d_longdbl>, C<d_longlong>, C<d_lseekproto>,
14328 C<d_lstat>, C<d_madvise>, C<d_malloc_size>, C<d_malloc_good_size>,
14329 C<d_mblen>, C<d_mbstowcs>, C<d_mbtowc>, C<d_memchr>, C<d_memcmp>,
14330 C<d_memcpy>, C<d_memmove>, C<d_memset>, C<d_mkdir>, C<d_mkdtemp>,
14331 C<d_mkfifo>, C<d_mkstemp>, C<d_mkstemps>, C<d_mktime>, C<d_mmap>,
14332 C<d_modfl>, C<d_modfl_pow32_bug>, C<d_modflproto>, C<d_mprotect>, C<d_msg>,
14333 C<d_msg_ctrunc>, C<d_msg_dontroute>, C<d_msg_oob>, C<d_msg_peek>,
14334 C<d_msg_proxy>, C<d_msgctl>, C<d_msgget>, C<d_msghdr_s>, C<d_msgrcv>,
14335 C<d_msgsnd>, C<d_msync>, C<d_munmap>, C<d_mymalloc>, C<d_nice>,
14336 C<d_nl_langinfo>, C<d_nv_preserves_uv>, C<d_nv_zero_is_allbits_zero>,
14337 C<d_off64_t>, C<d_old_pthread_create_joinable>, C<d_oldpthreads>,
14338 C<d_oldsock>, C<d_open3>, C<d_pathconf>, C<d_pause>,
14339 C<d_perl_otherlibdirs>, C<d_phostname>, C<d_pipe>, C<d_poll>,
14340 C<d_portable>, C<d_PRId64>, C<d_PRIeldbl>, C<d_PRIEUldbl>, C<d_PRIfldbl>,
14341 C<d_PRIFUldbl>, C<d_PRIgldbl>, C<d_PRIGUldbl>, C<d_PRIi64>, C<d_PRIo64>,
14342 C<d_PRIu64>, C<d_PRIx64>, C<d_PRIXU64>, C<d_procselfexe>,
14343 C<d_pthread_atfork>, C<d_pthread_attr_setscope>, C<d_pthread_yield>,
14344 C<d_pwage>, C<d_pwchange>, C<d_pwclass>, C<d_pwcomment>, C<d_pwexpire>,
14345 C<d_pwgecos>, C<d_pwpasswd>, C<d_pwquota>, C<d_qgcvt>, C<d_quad>,
14346 C<d_random_r>, C<d_readdir64_r>, C<d_readdir>, C<d_readdir_r>,
14347 C<d_readlink>, C<d_readv>, C<d_recvmsg>, C<d_rename>, C<d_rewinddir>,
14348 C<d_rmdir>, C<d_safebcpy>, C<d_safemcpy>, C<d_sanemcmp>, C<d_sbrkproto>,
14349 C<d_scalbnl>, C<d_sched_yield>, C<d_scm_rights>, C<d_SCNfldbl>,
14350 C<d_seekdir>, C<d_select>, C<d_sem>, C<d_semctl>, C<d_semctl_semid_ds>,
14351 C<d_semctl_semun>, C<d_semget>, C<d_semop>, C<d_sendmsg>, C<d_setegid>,
14352 C<d_seteuid>, C<d_setgrent>, C<d_setgrent_r>, C<d_setgrps>, C<d_sethent>,
14353 C<d_sethostent_r>, C<d_setitimer>, C<d_setlinebuf>, C<d_setlocale>,
14354 C<d_setlocale_r>, C<d_setnent>, C<d_setnetent_r>, C<d_setpent>,
14355 C<d_setpgid>, C<d_setpgrp2>, C<d_setpgrp>, C<d_setprior>,
14356 C<d_setproctitle>, C<d_setprotoent_r>, C<d_setpwent>, C<d_setpwent_r>,
14357 C<d_setregid>, C<d_setresgid>, C<d_setresuid>, C<d_setreuid>, C<d_setrgid>,
14358 C<d_setruid>, C<d_setsent>, C<d_setservent_r>, C<d_setsid>, C<d_setvbuf>,
14359 C<d_sfio>, C<d_shm>, C<d_shmat>, C<d_shmatprototype>, C<d_shmctl>,
14360 C<d_shmdt>, C<d_shmget>, C<d_sigaction>, C<d_sigprocmask>, C<d_sigsetjmp>,
14361 C<d_sockatmark>, C<d_sockatmarkproto>, C<d_socket>, C<d_socklen_t>,
14362 C<d_sockpair>, C<d_socks5_init>, C<d_sprintf_returns_strlen>, C<d_sqrtl>,
14363 C<d_srand48_r>, C<d_srandom_r>, C<d_sresgproto>, C<d_sresuproto>,
14364 C<d_statblks>, C<d_statfs_f_flags>, C<d_statfs_s>, C<d_statvfs>,
14365 C<d_stdio_cnt_lval>, C<d_stdio_ptr_lval>, C<d_stdio_ptr_lval_nochange_cnt>,
14366 C<d_stdio_ptr_lval_sets_cnt>, C<d_stdio_stream_array>, C<d_stdiobase>,
14367 C<d_stdstdio>, C<d_strchr>, C<d_strcoll>, C<d_strctcpy>, C<d_strerrm>,
14368 C<d_strerror>, C<d_strerror_r>, C<d_strftime>, C<d_strlcat>, C<d_strlcpy>,
14369 C<d_strtod>, C<d_strtol>, C<d_strtold>, C<d_strtoll>, C<d_strtoq>,
14370 C<d_strtoul>, C<d_strtoull>, C<d_strtouq>, C<d_strxfrm>, C<d_suidsafe>,
14371 C<d_symlink>, C<d_syscall>, C<d_syscallproto>, C<d_sysconf>,
14372 C<d_sysernlst>, C<d_syserrlst>, C<d_system>, C<d_tcgetpgrp>,
14373 C<d_tcsetpgrp>, C<d_telldir>, C<d_telldirproto>, C<d_time>, C<d_times>,
14374 C<d_tm_tm_gmtoff>, C<d_tm_tm_zone>, C<d_tmpnam_r>, C<d_truncate>,
14375 C<d_ttyname_r>, C<d_tzname>, C<d_u32align>, C<d_ualarm>, C<d_umask>,
14376 C<d_uname>, C<d_union_semun>, C<d_unordered>, C<d_unsetenv>, C<d_usleep>,
14377 C<d_usleepproto>, C<d_ustat>, C<d_vendorarch>, C<d_vendorbin>,
14378 C<d_vendorlib>, C<d_vendorscript>, C<d_vfork>, C<d_void_closedir>,
14379 C<d_voidsig>, C<d_voidtty>, C<d_volatile>, C<d_vprintf>, C<d_wait4>,
14380 C<d_waitpid>, C<d_wcstombs>, C<d_wctomb>, C<d_writev>, C<d_xenix>, C<date>,
14381 C<db_hashtype>, C<db_prefixtype>, C<db_version_major>, C<db_version_minor>,
14382 C<db_version_patch>, C<defvoidused>, C<direntrytype>, C<dlext>, C<dlsrc>,
14383 C<doublesize>, C<drand01>, C<drand48_r_proto>, C<dynamic_ext>
14387 C<eagain>, C<ebcdic>, C<echo>, C<egrep>, C<emacs>, C<endgrent_r_proto>,
14388 C<endhostent_r_proto>, C<endnetent_r_proto>, C<endprotoent_r_proto>,
14389 C<endpwent_r_proto>, C<endservent_r_proto>, C<eunicefix>, C<exe_ext>,
14390 C<expr>, C<extensions>, C<extras>
14394 C<fflushall>, C<fflushNULL>, C<find>, C<firstmakefile>, C<flex>,
14395 C<fpossize>, C<fpostype>, C<freetype>, C<from>, C<full_ar>, C<full_csh>,
14400 C<gccansipedantic>, C<gccosandvers>, C<gccversion>, C<getgrent_r_proto>,
14401 C<getgrgid_r_proto>, C<getgrnam_r_proto>, C<gethostbyaddr_r_proto>,
14402 C<gethostbyname_r_proto>, C<gethostent_r_proto>, C<getlogin_r_proto>,
14403 C<getnetbyaddr_r_proto>, C<getnetbyname_r_proto>, C<getnetent_r_proto>,
14404 C<getprotobyname_r_proto>, C<getprotobynumber_r_proto>,
14405 C<getprotoent_r_proto>, C<getpwent_r_proto>, C<getpwnam_r_proto>,
14406 C<getpwuid_r_proto>, C<getservbyname_r_proto>, C<getservbyport_r_proto>,
14407 C<getservent_r_proto>, C<getspnam_r_proto>, C<gidformat>, C<gidsign>,
14408 C<gidsize>, C<gidtype>, C<glibpth>, C<gmake>, C<gmtime_r_proto>,
14409 C<gnulibc_version>, C<grep>, C<groupcat>, C<groupstype>, C<gzip>
14413 C<h_fcntl>, C<h_sysfile>, C<hint>, C<hostcat>, C<html1dir>, C<html1direxp>,
14414 C<html3dir>, C<html3direxp>
14418 C<i16size>, C<i16type>, C<i32size>, C<i32type>, C<i64size>, C<i64type>,
14419 C<i8size>, C<i8type>, C<i_arpainet>, C<i_bsdioctl>, C<i_crypt>, C<i_db>,
14420 C<i_dbm>, C<i_dirent>, C<i_dld>, C<i_dlfcn>, C<i_fcntl>, C<i_float>,
14421 C<i_fp>, C<i_fp_class>, C<i_gdbm>, C<i_grp>, C<i_ieeefp>, C<i_inttypes>,
14422 C<i_langinfo>, C<i_libutil>, C<i_limits>, C<i_locale>, C<i_machcthr>,
14423 C<i_malloc>, C<i_math>, C<i_memory>, C<i_mntent>, C<i_ndbm>, C<i_netdb>,
14424 C<i_neterrno>, C<i_netinettcp>, C<i_niin>, C<i_poll>, C<i_prot>,
14425 C<i_pthread>, C<i_pwd>, C<i_rpcsvcdbm>, C<i_sfio>, C<i_sgtty>, C<i_shadow>,
14426 C<i_socks>, C<i_stdarg>, C<i_stddef>, C<i_stdlib>, C<i_string>,
14427 C<i_sunmath>, C<i_sysaccess>, C<i_sysdir>, C<i_sysfile>, C<i_sysfilio>,
14428 C<i_sysin>, C<i_sysioctl>, C<i_syslog>, C<i_sysmman>, C<i_sysmode>,
14429 C<i_sysmount>, C<i_sysndir>, C<i_sysparam>, C<i_sysresrc>, C<i_syssecrt>,
14430 C<i_sysselct>, C<i_syssockio>, C<i_sysstat>, C<i_sysstatfs>,
14431 C<i_sysstatvfs>, C<i_systime>, C<i_systimek>, C<i_systimes>, C<i_systypes>,
14432 C<i_sysuio>, C<i_sysun>, C<i_sysutsname>, C<i_sysvfs>, C<i_syswait>,
14433 C<i_termio>, C<i_termios>, C<i_time>, C<i_unistd>, C<i_ustat>, C<i_utime>,
14434 C<i_values>, C<i_varargs>, C<i_varhdr>, C<i_vfork>,
14435 C<ignore_versioned_solibs>, C<inc_version_list>, C<inc_version_list_init>,
14436 C<incpath>, C<inews>, C<installarchlib>, C<installbin>, C<installhtml1dir>,
14437 C<installhtml3dir>, C<installman1dir>, C<installman3dir>, C<installprefix>,
14438 C<installprefixexp>, C<installprivlib>, C<installscript>,
14439 C<installsitearch>, C<installsitebin>, C<installsitehtml1dir>,
14440 C<installsitehtml3dir>, C<installsitelib>, C<installsiteman1dir>,
14441 C<installsiteman3dir>, C<installsitescript>, C<installstyle>,
14442 C<installusrbinperl>, C<installvendorarch>, C<installvendorbin>,
14443 C<installvendorhtml1dir>, C<installvendorhtml3dir>, C<installvendorlib>,
14444 C<installvendorman1dir>, C<installvendorman3dir>, C<installvendorscript>,
14445 C<intsize>, C<issymlink>, C<ivdformat>, C<ivsize>, C<ivtype>
14449 C<known_extensions>, C<ksh>
14453 C<ld>, C<lddlflags>, C<ldflags>, C<ldflags_uselargefiles>, C<ldlibpthname>,
14454 C<less>, C<lib_ext>, C<libc>, C<libperl>, C<libpth>, C<libs>, C<libsdirs>,
14455 C<libsfiles>, C<libsfound>, C<libspath>, C<libswanted>,
14456 C<libswanted_uselargefiles>, C<line>, C<lint>, C<lkflags>, C<ln>, C<lns>,
14457 C<localtime_r_proto>, C<locincpth>, C<loclibpth>, C<longdblsize>,
14458 C<longlongsize>, C<longsize>, C<lp>, C<lpr>, C<ls>, C<lseeksize>,
14463 C<mail>, C<mailx>, C<make>, C<make_set_make>, C<mallocobj>, C<mallocsrc>,
14464 C<malloctype>, C<man1dir>, C<man1direxp>, C<man1ext>, C<man3dir>,
14465 C<man3direxp>, C<man3ext>
14469 C<Mcc>, C<mips_type>, C<mistrustnm>, C<mkdir>, C<mmaptype>, C<modetype>,
14470 C<more>, C<multiarch>, C<mv>, C<myarchname>, C<mydomain>, C<myhostname>,
14475 C<n>, C<need_va_copy>, C<netdb_hlen_type>, C<netdb_host_type>,
14476 C<netdb_name_type>, C<netdb_net_type>, C<nm>, C<nm_opt>, C<nm_so_opt>,
14477 C<nonxs_ext>, C<nroff>, C<nv_preserves_uv_bits>, C<nveformat>,
14478 C<nvEUformat>, C<nvfformat>, C<nvFUformat>, C<nvgformat>, C<nvGUformat>,
14479 C<nvsize>, C<nvtype>
14483 C<o_nonblock>, C<obj_ext>, C<old_pthread_create_joinable>, C<optimize>,
14484 C<orderlib>, C<osname>, C<osvers>, C<otherlibdirs>
14488 C<package>, C<pager>, C<passcat>, C<patchlevel>, C<path_sep>, C<perl5>,
14489 C<perl>, C<perl_patchlevel>
14493 C<PERL_REVISION>, C<PERL_SUBVERSION>, C<PERL_VERSION>, C<perladmin>,
14494 C<perllibs>, C<perlpath>, C<pg>, C<phostname>, C<pidtype>, C<plibpth>,
14495 C<pmake>, C<pr>, C<prefix>, C<prefixexp>, C<privlib>, C<privlibexp>,
14496 C<procselfexe>, C<prototype>, C<ptrsize>
14500 C<quadkind>, C<quadtype>
14504 C<randbits>, C<randfunc>, C<random_r_proto>, C<randseedtype>, C<ranlib>,
14505 C<rd_nodata>, C<readdir64_r_proto>, C<readdir_r_proto>, C<revision>, C<rm>,
14506 C<rmail>, C<run>, C<runnm>
14510 C<sched_yield>, C<scriptdir>, C<scriptdirexp>, C<sed>, C<seedfunc>,
14511 C<selectminbits>, C<selecttype>, C<sendmail>, C<setgrent_r_proto>,
14512 C<sethostent_r_proto>, C<setlocale_r_proto>, C<setnetent_r_proto>,
14513 C<setprotoent_r_proto>, C<setpwent_r_proto>, C<setservent_r_proto>, C<sh>,
14514 C<shar>, C<sharpbang>, C<shmattype>, C<shortsize>, C<shrpenv>, C<shsharp>,
14515 C<sig_count>, C<sig_name>, C<sig_name_init>, C<sig_num>, C<sig_num_init>,
14516 C<sig_size>, C<signal_t>, C<sitearch>, C<sitearchexp>, C<sitebin>,
14517 C<sitebinexp>, C<sitehtml1dir>, C<sitehtml1direxp>, C<sitehtml3dir>,
14518 C<sitehtml3direxp>, C<sitelib>, C<sitelib_stem>, C<sitelibexp>,
14519 C<siteman1dir>, C<siteman1direxp>, C<siteman3dir>, C<siteman3direxp>,
14520 C<siteprefix>, C<siteprefixexp>, C<sitescript>, C<sitescriptexp>,
14521 C<sizesize>, C<sizetype>, C<sleep>, C<smail>, C<so>, C<sockethdr>,
14522 C<socketlib>, C<socksizetype>, C<sort>, C<spackage>, C<spitshell>,
14523 C<sPRId64>, C<sPRIeldbl>, C<sPRIEUldbl>, C<sPRIfldbl>, C<sPRIFUldbl>,
14524 C<sPRIgldbl>, C<sPRIGUldbl>, C<sPRIi64>, C<sPRIo64>, C<sPRIu64>,
14525 C<sPRIx64>, C<sPRIXU64>, C<srand48_r_proto>, C<srandom_r_proto>, C<src>,
14526 C<sSCNfldbl>, C<ssizetype>, C<startperl>, C<startsh>, C<static_ext>,
14527 C<stdchar>, C<stdio_base>, C<stdio_bufsiz>, C<stdio_cnt>, C<stdio_filbuf>,
14528 C<stdio_ptr>, C<stdio_stream_array>, C<strerror_r_proto>, C<strings>,
14529 C<submit>, C<subversion>, C<sysman>
14533 C<tail>, C<tar>, C<targetarch>, C<tbl>, C<tee>, C<test>, C<timeincl>,
14534 C<timetype>, C<tmpnam_r_proto>, C<to>, C<touch>, C<tr>, C<trnl>, C<troff>,
14539 C<u16size>, C<u16type>, C<u32size>, C<u32type>, C<u64size>, C<u64type>,
14540 C<u8size>, C<u8type>, C<uidformat>, C<uidsign>, C<uidsize>, C<uidtype>,
14541 C<uname>, C<uniq>, C<uquadtype>, C<use5005threads>, C<use64bitall>,
14542 C<use64bitint>, C<usecrosscompile>, C<usedl>, C<usefaststdio>,
14543 C<useithreads>, C<uselargefiles>, C<uselongdouble>, C<usemallocwrap>,
14544 C<usemorebits>, C<usemultiplicity>, C<usemymalloc>, C<usenm>, C<useopcode>,
14545 C<useperlio>, C<useposix>, C<usereentrant>, C<userelocatableinc>,
14546 C<usesfio>, C<useshrplib>, C<usesocks>, C<usethreads>, C<usevendorprefix>,
14547 C<usevfork>, C<usrinc>, C<uuname>, C<uvoformat>, C<uvsize>, C<uvtype>,
14548 C<uvuformat>, C<uvxformat>, C<uvXUformat>
14552 C<vendorarch>, C<vendorarchexp>, C<vendorbin>, C<vendorbinexp>,
14553 C<vendorhtml1dir>, C<vendorhtml1direxp>, C<vendorhtml3dir>,
14554 C<vendorhtml3direxp>, C<vendorlib>, C<vendorlib_stem>, C<vendorlibexp>,
14555 C<vendorman1dir>, C<vendorman1direxp>, C<vendorman3dir>,
14556 C<vendorman3direxp>, C<vendorprefix>, C<vendorprefixexp>, C<vendorscript>,
14557 C<vendorscriptexp>, C<version>, C<version_patchlevel_string>,
14558 C<versiononly>, C<vi>, C<voidflags>
14566 C<yacc>, C<yaccflags>
14584 dynamic, nonxs, static
14590 =head2 Cwd - get pathname of current working directory
14600 =item getcwd and friends
14602 getcwd, cwd, fastcwd, fastgetcwd, getdcwd
14604 =item abs_path and friends
14606 abs_path, realpath, fast_abs_path
14622 =head2 DB - programmatic interface to the Perl debugging API (draft,
14634 =item Global Variables
14636 $DB::sub, %DB::sub, $DB::single, $DB::signal, $DB::trace, @DB::args,
14637 @DB::dbline, %DB::dbline, $DB::package, $DB::filename, $DB::subname,
14642 CLIENT->register(), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->skippkg('D::hide'),
14643 CLIENT->run(), CLIENT->step(), CLIENT->next(), CLIENT->done()
14645 =item Client Callback Methods
14647 CLIENT->init(), CLIENT->prestop([STRING]), CLIENT->stop(), CLIENT->idle(),
14648 CLIENT->poststop([STRING]), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->cleanup(),
14649 CLIENT->output(LIST)
14659 =head2 DBM_Filter -- Filter DBM keys/values
14667 =item What is a DBM Filter?
14671 =item So what's new?
14679 =item $db->Filter_Push()
14681 =item $db->Filter_Key_Push()
14683 =item $db->Filter_Value_Push()
14685 Filter_Push, Filter_Key_Push, Filter_Value_Push
14687 =item $db->Filter_Pop()
14689 =item $db->Filtered()
14693 =item Writing a Filter
14697 =item Immediate Filters
14699 =item Canned Filters
14705 =item Filters Included
14707 utf8, encode, compress, int32, null
14713 =item Maintain Round Trip Integrity
14715 =item Don't mix filtered & non-filtered data in the same database file.
14727 =head2 DB_File - Perl5 access to Berkeley DB version 1.x
14735 B<DB_HASH>, B<DB_BTREE>, B<DB_RECNO>
14739 =item Using DB_File with Berkeley DB version 2 or greater
14741 =item Interface to Berkeley DB
14743 =item Opening a Berkeley DB Database File
14745 =item Default Parameters
14747 =item In Memory Databases
14755 =item A Simple Example
14763 =item Changing the BTREE sort order
14765 =item Handling Duplicate Keys
14767 =item The get_dup() Method
14769 =item The find_dup() Method
14771 =item The del_dup() Method
14773 =item Matching Partial Keys
14781 =item The 'bval' Option
14783 =item A Simple Example
14785 =item Extra RECNO Methods
14787 B<$X-E<gt>push(list) ;>, B<$value = $X-E<gt>pop ;>, B<$X-E<gt>shift>,
14788 B<$X-E<gt>unshift(list) ;>, B<$X-E<gt>length>, B<$X-E<gt>splice(offset,
14789 length, elements);>
14791 =item Another Example
14795 =item THE API INTERFACE
14797 B<$status = $X-E<gt>get($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status =
14798 $X-E<gt>put($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>del($key [,
14799 $flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>fd ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>seq($key,
14800 $value, $flags) ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>sync([$flags]) ;>
14804 B<filter_store_key>, B<filter_store_value>, B<filter_fetch_key>,
14805 B<filter_fetch_value>
14811 =item An Example -- the NULL termination problem.
14813 =item Another Example -- Key is a C int.
14817 =item HINTS AND TIPS
14821 =item Locking: The Trouble with fd
14823 =item Safe ways to lock a database
14825 B<Tie::DB_Lock>, B<Tie::DB_LockFile>, B<DB_File::Lock>
14827 =item Sharing Databases With C Applications
14829 =item The untie() Gotcha
14833 =item COMMON QUESTIONS
14837 =item Why is there Perl source in my database?
14839 =item How do I store complex data structures with DB_File?
14841 =item What does "Invalid Argument" mean?
14843 =item What does "Bareword 'DB_File' not allowed" mean?
14863 =head2 Data::Dumper - stringified perl data structures, suitable for both
14864 printing and C<eval>
14876 I<PACKAGE>->new(I<ARRAYREF [>, I<ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Dump I<or>
14877 I<PACKAGE>->Dump(I<ARRAYREF [>, I<ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Seen(I<[HASHREF]>),
14878 I<$OBJ>->Values(I<[ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Names(I<[ARRAYREF]>),
14885 =item Configuration Variables or Methods
14911 =head2 Devel::DProf - a Perl code profiler
14919 =item PROFILE FORMAT
14931 =head2 Devel::PPPort - Perl/Pollution/Portability
14941 =item Why use ppport.h?
14943 =item How to use ppport.h
14945 =item Running ppport.h
14957 =item COMPATIBILITY
14961 =item Provided Perl compatibility API
14963 =item Perl API not supported by ppport.h
14965 perl 5.9.3, perl 5.9.2, perl 5.9.1, perl 5.9.0, perl 5.8.3, perl 5.8.1,
14966 perl 5.8.0, perl 5.7.3, perl 5.7.2, perl 5.7.1, perl 5.6.1, perl 5.6.0,
14967 perl 5.005_03, perl 5.005, perl 5.004_05, perl 5.004
14981 =head2 Devel::Peek - A data debugging tool for the XS programmer
14991 =item Runtime debugging
14993 =item Memory footprint debugging
15001 =item A simple scalar string
15003 =item A simple scalar number
15005 =item A simple scalar with an extra reference
15007 =item A reference to a simple scalar
15009 =item A reference to an array
15011 =item A reference to a hash
15013 =item Dumping a large array or hash
15015 =item A reference to an SV which holds a C pointer
15017 =item A reference to a subroutine
15031 =head2 Devel::SelfStubber - generate stubs for a SelfLoading module
15041 =head2 Digest - Modules that calculate message digests
15049 I<binary>, I<hex>, I<base64>
15053 $ctx = Digest->XXX($arg,...), $ctx = Digest->new(XXX => $arg,...), $ctx =
15054 Digest::XXX->new($arg,...), $other_ctx = $ctx->clone, $ctx->reset,
15055 $ctx->add( $data, ... ), $ctx->addfile( $io_handle ), $ctx->add_bits(
15056 $data, $nbits ), $ctx->add_bits( $bitstring ), $ctx->digest,
15057 $ctx->hexdigest, $ctx->b64digest
15067 =head2 Digest::MD5 - Perl interface to the MD5 Algorithm
15077 md5($data,...), md5_hex($data,...), md5_base64($data,...)
15081 $md5 = Digest::MD5->new, $md5->reset, $md5->clone, $md5->add($data,...),
15082 $md5->addfile($io_handle), $md5->add_bits($data, $nbits),
15083 $md5->add_bits($bitstring), $md5->digest, $md5->hexdigest, $md5->b64digest
15095 =head2 Digest::SHA - Perl extension for SHA-1/224/256/384/512
15099 =item SYNOPSIS (SHA)
15101 =item SYNOPSIS (HMAC-SHA)
15107 =item NIST STATEMENT ON SHA-1
15111 =item EXPORTABLE FUNCTIONS
15113 B<sha1($data, ...)>, B<sha224($data, ...)>, B<sha256($data, ...)>,
15114 B<sha384($data, ...)>, B<sha512($data, ...)>, B<sha1_hex($data, ...)>,
15115 B<sha224_hex($data, ...)>, B<sha256_hex($data, ...)>, B<sha384_hex($data,
15116 ...)>, B<sha512_hex($data, ...)>, B<sha1_base64($data, ...)>,
15117 B<sha224_base64($data, ...)>, B<sha256_base64($data, ...)>,
15118 B<sha384_base64($data, ...)>, B<sha512_base64($data, ...)>, B<new($alg)>,
15119 B<reset($alg)>, B<hashsize>, B<algorithm>, B<clone>, B<add($data, ...)>,
15120 B<add_bits($data, $nbits)>, B<add_bits($bits)>, B<addfile(*FILE)>,
15121 B<dump($filename)>, B<load($filename)>, B<digest>, B<hexdigest>,
15122 B<b64digest>, B<hmac_sha1($data, $key)>, B<hmac_sha224($data, $key)>,
15123 B<hmac_sha256($data, $key)>, B<hmac_sha384($data, $key)>,
15124 B<hmac_sha512($data, $key)>, B<hmac_sha1_hex($data, $key)>,
15125 B<hmac_sha224_hex($data, $key)>, B<hmac_sha256_hex($data, $key)>,
15126 B<hmac_sha384_hex($data, $key)>, B<hmac_sha512_hex($data, $key)>,
15127 B<hmac_sha1_base64($data, $key)>, B<hmac_sha224_base64($data, $key)>,
15128 B<hmac_sha256_base64($data, $key)>, B<hmac_sha384_base64($data, $key)>,
15129 B<hmac_sha512_base64($data, $key)>
15135 =item ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
15137 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
15141 =head2 Digest::base - Digest base class
15153 =head2 Digest::file - Calculate digests of files
15161 digest_file( $file, $algorithm, [$arg,...] ), digest_file_hex( $file,
15162 $algorithm, [$arg,...] ), digest_file_base64( $file, $algorithm, [$arg,...]
15169 =head2 DirHandle - supply object methods for directory handles
15181 =head2 Dumpvalue - provides screen dump of Perl data.
15193 C<arrayDepth>, C<hashDepth>, C<compactDump>, C<veryCompact>, C<globPrint>,
15194 C<dumpDBFiles>, C<dumpPackages>, C<dumpReused>, C<tick>, C<quoteHighBit>,
15195 C<printUndef>, C<usageOnly>, unctrl, subdump, bareStringify, quoteHighBit,
15200 dumpValue, dumpValues, stringify, dumpvars, set_quote, set_unctrl,
15201 compactDump, veryCompact, set, get
15207 =head2 DynaLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code
15215 @dl_library_path, @dl_resolve_using, @dl_require_symbols, @dl_librefs,
15216 @dl_modules, @dl_shared_objects, dl_error(), $dl_debug, dl_findfile(),
15217 dl_expandspec(), dl_load_file(), dl_unload_file(), dl_load_flags(),
15218 dl_find_symbol(), dl_find_symbol_anywhere(), dl_undef_symbols(),
15219 dl_install_xsub(), bootstrap()
15225 =head2 DynaLoader::XSLoader, XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into
15238 =item Migration from C<DynaLoader>
15240 =item Backward compatible boilerplate
15244 =item Order of initialization: early load()
15248 =item The most hairy case
15254 Can't find '%s' symbol in %s, Can't load '%s' for module %s: %s, Undefined
15255 symbols present after loading %s: %s, XSLoader::load('Your::Module',
15256 $Your::Module::VERSION)
15270 =head2 Encode - character encodings
15278 =item Table of Contents
15290 =item PERL ENCODING API
15292 $octets = encode(ENCODING, $string [, CHECK]), $string = decode(ENCODING,
15293 $octets [, CHECK]), [$length =] from_to($octets, FROM_ENC, TO_ENC [,
15294 CHECK]), $octets = encode_utf8($string);, $string = decode_utf8($octets [,
15299 =item Listing available encodings
15301 =item Defining Aliases
15305 =item Encoding via PerlIO
15307 =item Handling Malformed Data
15309 B<NOTE:> Not all encoding support this feature, I<CHECK> =
15310 Encode::FB_DEFAULT ( == 0), I<CHECK> = Encode::FB_CROAK ( == 1), I<CHECK> =
15311 Encode::FB_QUIET, I<CHECK> = Encode::FB_WARN, perlqq mode (I<CHECK> =
15312 Encode::FB_PERLQQ), HTML charref mode (I<CHECK> = Encode::FB_HTMLCREF), XML
15313 charref mode (I<CHECK> = Encode::FB_XMLCREF), The bitmask
15317 =item coderef for CHECK
15321 =item Defining Encodings
15323 =item The UTF-8 flag
15325 Goal #1:, Goal #2:, Goal #3:, Goal #4:
15329 =item Messing with Perl's Internals
15331 is_utf8(STRING [, CHECK]), _utf8_on(STRING), _utf8_off(STRING)
15335 =item UTF-8 vs. utf8
15343 =head2 Encode::Alias - alias definitions to encodings
15351 As a simple string, As a qr// compiled regular expression, e.g.:, As a code
15356 =item Alias overloading
15364 =head2 Encode::Byte - Single Byte Encodings
15378 =head2 Encode::CJKConstants -- Internally used by Encode::??::ISO_2022_*
15380 =head2 Encode::CN - China-based Chinese Encodings
15396 =head2 Encode::CN::HZ -- internally used by Encode::CN
15398 =head2 Encode::Config -- internally used by Encode
15400 =head2 Encode::EBCDIC - EBCDIC Encodings
15414 =head2 Encode::Encoding - Encode Implementation Base Class
15424 =item Methods you should implement
15426 -E<gt>encode($string [,$check]), -E<gt>decode($octets [,$check]),
15427 -E<gt>cat_decode($destination, $octets, $offset, $terminator [,$check])
15429 =item Other methods defined in Encode::Encodings
15431 -E<gt>name, -E<gt>renew, -E<gt>renewed, -E<gt>perlio_ok(),
15432 -E<gt>needs_lines()
15434 =item Example: Encode::ROT13
15438 =item Why the heck Encode API is different?
15442 =item Compiled Encodings
15448 Scheme 1, Scheme 2, Other Schemes
15452 =head2 Encode::Guess -- Guesses encoding from data
15462 Encode::Guess->set_suspects, Encode::Guess->add_suspects,
15463 Encode::decode("Guess" ...), Encode::Guess->guess($data),
15464 guess_encoding($data, [, I<list of suspects>])
15474 =head2 Encode::JP - Japanese Encodings
15484 =item Note on ISO-2022-JP(-1)?
15492 =head2 Encode::JP::H2Z -- internally used by Encode::JP::2022_JP*
15494 =head2 Encode::JP::JIS7 -- internally used by Encode::JP
15496 =head2 Encode::KR - Korean Encodings
15510 =head2 Encode::KR::2022_KR -- internally used by Encode::KR
15512 =head2 Encode::MIME::Header -- MIME 'B' and 'Q' header encoding
15528 =head2 Encode::PerlIO -- a detailed document on Encode and PerlIO
15534 =item How does it work?
15536 =item Line Buffering
15540 =item How can I tell whether my encoding fully supports PerlIO ?
15548 =head2 Encode::Supported -- Encodings supported by Encode
15556 =item Encoding Names
15560 =item Supported Encodings
15564 =item Built-in Encodings
15566 =item Encode::Unicode -- other Unicode encodings
15568 =item Encode::Byte -- Extended ASCII
15570 ISO-8859 and corresponding vendor mappings, KOI8 - De Facto Standard for
15571 the Cyrillic world, gsm0338 - Hentai Latin 1
15573 =item CJK: Chinese, Japanese, Korean (Multibyte)
15575 Encode::CN -- Continental China, Encode::JP -- Japan, Encode::KR -- Korea,
15576 Encode::TW -- Taiwan, Encode::HanExtra -- More Chinese via CPAN,
15577 Encode::JIS2K -- JIS X 0213 encodings via CPAN
15579 =item Miscellaneous encodings
15581 Encode::EBCDIC, Encode::Symbols, Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::Guess
15585 =item Unsupported encodings
15587 ISO-2022-JP-2 [RFC1554], ISO-2022-CN [RFC1922], Various HP-UX encodings,
15588 Cyrillic encoding ISO-IR-111, ISO-8859-8-1 [Hebrew], ISIRI 3342, Iran
15589 System, ISIRI 2900 [Farsi], Thai encoding TCVN, Vietnamese encodings VPS,
15590 Various Mac encodings, (Mac) Indic encodings
15592 =item Encoding vs. Charset -- terminology
15594 =item Encoding Classification (by Anton Tagunov and Dan Kogai)
15598 =item Microsoft-related naming mess
15600 KS_C_5601-1987, GB2312, Big5, Shift_JIS
15606 character repertoire, coded character set (CCS), character encoding scheme
15607 (CES), charset (in MIME context), EUC, ISO-2022, UCS, UCS-2, Unicode, UTF,
15614 ECMA, ECMA-035 (eq C<ISO-2022>), IANA, Assigned Charset Names by IANA, ISO,
15615 RFC, UC, Unicode Glossary
15619 =item Other Notable Sites
15621 czyborra.com, CJK.inf, Jungshik Shin's Hangul FAQ, debian.org:
15622 "Introduction to i18n"
15624 =item Offline sources
15626 C<CJKV Information Processing> by Ken Lunde
15632 =head2 Encode::Symbol - Symbol Encodings
15646 =head2 Encode::TW - Taiwan-based Chinese Encodings
15662 =head2 Encode::Unicode -- Various Unicode Transformation Formats
15670 L<http://www.unicode.org/glossary/> says:, Quick Reference
15672 =item Size, Endianness, and BOM
15678 =item by endianness
15680 BOM as integer when fetched in network byte order
15684 =item Surrogate Pairs
15686 =item Error Checking
15692 =head2 Encode::Unicode::UTF7 -- UTF-7 encoding
15706 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Alias, Encode::Alias - alias definitions to
15715 As a simple string, As a qr// compiled regular expression, e.g.:, As a code
15720 =item Alias overloading
15728 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::CJKConstants, Encode::CJKConstants.pm --
15729 Internally used by Encode::??::ISO_2022_*
15731 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::CN::HZ, Encode::CN::HZ -- internally used by
15734 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Config, Encode::Config -- internally used by
15737 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Encoding, Encode::Encoding - Encode
15738 Implementation Base Class
15748 =item Methods you should implement
15750 -E<gt>encode($string [,$check]), -E<gt>decode($octets [,$check]),
15751 -E<gt>cat_decode($destination, $octets, $offset, $terminator [,$check])
15753 =item Other methods defined in Encode::Encodings
15755 -E<gt>name, -E<gt>renew, -E<gt>renewed, -E<gt>perlio_ok(),
15756 -E<gt>needs_lines()
15758 =item Example: Encode::ROT13
15762 =item Why the heck Encode API is different?
15766 =item Compiled Encodings
15772 Scheme 1, Scheme 2, Other Schemes
15776 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Guess, Encode::Guess -- Guesses encoding from
15787 Encode::Guess->set_suspects, Encode::Guess->add_suspects,
15788 Encode::decode("Guess" ...), Encode::Guess->guess($data),
15789 guess_encoding($data, [, I<list of suspects>])
15799 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::JP::H2Z, Encode::JP::H2Z -- internally used by
15800 Encode::JP::2022_JP*
15802 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::JP::JIS7, Encode::JP::JIS7 -- internally used
15805 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::KR::2022_KR, Encode::KR::2022_KR -- internally
15808 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::MIME::Header -- MIME 'B'
15809 and 'Q' header encoding
15825 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::PerlIO, Encode::PerlIO -- a detailed document
15826 on Encode and PerlIO
15832 =item How does it work?
15834 =item Line Buffering
15838 =item How can I tell whether my encoding fully supports PerlIO ?
15846 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Supported, Encode::Supported -- Encodings
15847 supported by Encode
15855 =item Encoding Names
15859 =item Supported Encodings
15863 =item Built-in Encodings
15865 =item Encode::Unicode -- other Unicode encodings
15867 =item Encode::Byte -- Extended ASCII
15869 ISO-8859 and corresponding vendor mappings, KOI8 - De Facto Standard for
15870 the Cyrillic world, gsm0338 - Hentai Latin 1
15872 =item CJK: Chinese, Japanese, Korean (Multibyte)
15874 Encode::CN -- Continental China, Encode::JP -- Japan, Encode::KR -- Korea,
15875 Encode::TW -- Taiwan, Encode::HanExtra -- More Chinese via CPAN,
15876 Encode::JIS2K -- JIS X 0213 encodings via CPAN
15878 =item Miscellaneous encodings
15880 Encode::EBCDIC, Encode::Symbols, Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::Guess
15884 =item Unsupported encodings
15886 ISO-2022-JP-2 [RFC1554], ISO-2022-CN [RFC1922], Various HP-UX encodings,
15887 Cyrillic encoding ISO-IR-111, ISO-8859-8-1 [Hebrew], ISIRI 3342, Iran
15888 System, ISIRI 2900 [Farsi], Thai encoding TCVN, Vietnamese encodings VPS,
15889 Various Mac encodings, (Mac) Indic encodings
15891 =item Encoding vs. Charset -- terminology
15893 =item Encoding Classification (by Anton Tagunov and Dan Kogai)
15897 =item Microsoft-related naming mess
15899 KS_C_5601-1987, GB2312, Big5, Shift_JIS
15905 character repertoire, coded character set (CCS), character encoding scheme
15906 (CES), charset (in MIME context), EUC, ISO-2022, UCS, UCS-2, Unicode, UTF,
15913 ECMA, ECMA-035 (eq C<ISO-2022>), IANA, Assigned Charset Names by IANA, ISO,
15914 RFC, UC, Unicode Glossary
15918 =item Other Notable Sites
15920 czyborra.com, CJK.inf, Jungshik Shin's Hangul FAQ, debian.org:
15921 "Introduction to i18n"
15923 =item Offline sources
15925 C<CJKV Information Processing> by Ken Lunde
15931 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Unicode::UTF7, Encode::Unicode::UTF7 -- UTF-7
15946 =head2 Encode::lib::Encoder, Encode::Encoder -- Object Oriented Encoder
15958 =item Predefined Methods
15960 $e = Encode::Encoder-E<gt>new([$data, $encoding]);, encoder(),
15961 $e-E<gt>data([$data]), $e-E<gt>encoding([$encoding]),
15962 $e-E<gt>bytes([$encoding])
15964 =item Example: base64 transcoder
15966 =item Operator Overloading
15974 =head2 Encodencoding, encoding - allows you to write your script in
15975 non-ascii or non-utf8
15985 =item Literal Conversions
15987 =item PerlIO layers for C<STD(IN|OUT)>
15989 =item Implicit upgrading for byte strings
15993 =item FEATURES THAT REQUIRE 5.8.1
15995 "NON-EUC" doublebyte encodings, tr//, DATA pseudo-filehandle
15999 use encoding [I<ENCNAME>] ;, use encoding I<ENCNAME> [ STDIN =E<gt>
16000 I<ENCNAME_IN> ...] ;, use encoding I<ENCNAME> Filter=E<gt>1;, no encoding;
16002 =item The Filter Option
16006 =item Filter-related changes at Encode version 1.87
16016 =item DO NOT MIX MULTIPLE ENCODINGS
16018 =item tr/// with ranges
16020 Legend of characters above
16024 =item EXAMPLE - Greekperl
16026 =item KNOWN PROBLEMS
16028 literals in regex that are longer than 127 bytes, EBCDIC, format
16032 =item The Logic of :locale
16042 =head2 Encoder, Encode::Encoder -- Object Oriented Encoder
16054 =item Predefined Methods
16056 $e = Encode::Encoder-E<gt>new([$data, $encoding]);, encoder(),
16057 $e-E<gt>data([$data]), $e-E<gt>encoding([$encoding]),
16058 $e-E<gt>bytes([$encoding])
16060 =item Example: base64 transcoder
16062 =item Operator Overloading
16070 =head2 English - use nice English (or awk) names for ugly punctuation
16083 =head2 Env - perl module that imports environment variables as scalars or
16098 =head2 Errno - System errno constants
16114 =head2 Exporter - Implements default import method for modules
16124 =item How to Export
16126 =item Selecting What To Export
16128 =item How to Import
16130 C<use ModuleName;>, C<use ModuleName ();>, C<use ModuleName qw(...);>
16134 =item Advanced features
16138 =item Specialised Import Lists
16140 =item Exporting without using Exporter's import method
16142 =item Exporting without inheriting from Exporter
16144 =item Module Version Checking
16146 =item Managing Unknown Symbols
16148 =item Tag Handling Utility Functions
16150 =item Generating combined tags
16152 =item C<AUTOLOAD>ed Constants
16158 =head2 Exporter::Heavy - Exporter guts
16168 =head2 ExtUtils::CBuilder - Compile and link C code for Perl modules
16178 new, have_compiler, compile, C<object_file>, C<include_dirs>,
16179 C<extra_compiler_flags>, link, lib_file, module_name, extra_linker_flags,
16180 link_executable, exe_file, object_file, lib_file, exe_file, prelink,
16181 need_prelink, extra_link_args_after_prelink
16195 =head2 ExtUtils::CBuilder::Platform::Windows - Builder class for Windows
16208 =head2 ExtUtils::Command - utilities to replace common UNIX commands in
16249 =head2 ExtUtils::Command::MM - Commands for the MM's to use in Makefiles
16263 B<warn_if_old_packlist>
16265 B<perllocal_install>
16269 =head2 ExtUtils::Constant - generate XS code to import C header constants
16279 IV, UV, NV, PV, PVN, SV, YES, NO, UNDEF
16287 XS_constant PACKAGE, TYPES, SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME
16289 autoload PACKAGE, VERSION, AUTOLOADER
16291 WriteMakefileSnippet
16293 WriteConstants ATTRIBUTE =E<gt> VALUE [, ...], NAME, DEFAULT_TYPE,
16294 BREAKOUT_AT, NAMES, C_FH, C_FILE, XS_FH, XS_FILE, SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME
16302 =head2 ExtUtils::Constant::Base - base class for ExtUtils::Constant objects
16316 memEQ_clause args_hashref
16318 dump_names arg_hashref, ITEM..
16320 assign arg_hashref, VALUE..
16322 return_clause arg_hashref, ITEM
16324 switch_clause arg_hashref, NAMELEN, ITEMHASH, ITEM..
16328 dogfood arg_hashref, ITEM..
16330 normalise_items args, default_type, seen_types, seen_items, ITEM..
16332 C_constant arg_hashref, ITEM.., name, type, value, macro, default, pre,
16333 post, def_pre, def_post, utf8, weight
16343 =head2 ExtUtils::Constant::Utils - helper functions for ExtUtils::Constant
16357 perl_stringify NAME
16365 =head2 ExtUtils::Constant::XS, ExtUtils::Constant::Base - base class for
16366 ExtUtils::Constant objects
16380 =head2 ExtUtils::Embed - Utilities for embedding Perl in C/C++ applications
16392 xsinit(), Examples, ldopts(), Examples, perl_inc(), ccflags(), ccdlflags(),
16393 ccopts(), xsi_header(), xsi_protos(@modules), xsi_body(@modules)
16403 =head2 ExtUtils::Install - install files from here to there
16421 B<install_default> I<DISCOURAGED>
16433 B<PERL_INSTALL_ROOT>
16441 =head2 ExtUtils::Installed - Inventory management of installed modules
16453 new(), modules(), files(), directories(), directory_tree(), validate(),
16454 packlist(), version()
16462 =head2 ExtUtils::Liblist - determine libraries to use and how to use them
16470 For static extensions, For dynamic extensions at build/link time, For
16471 dynamic extensions at load time
16477 =item LDLOADLIBS and LD_RUN_PATH
16487 =item VMS implementation
16489 =item Win32 implementation
16497 =head2 ExtUtils::MM - OS adjusted ExtUtils::MakeMaker subclass
16507 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_AIX - AIX specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix
16517 =item Overridden methods
16531 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Any - Platform-agnostic MM methods
16543 =item Cross-platform helper methods
16569 =item File::Spec wrappers
16585 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_BeOS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
16586 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
16600 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
16601 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
16615 replace_manpage_separator
16619 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_DOS - DOS specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix
16629 =item Overridden methods
16637 B<replace_manpage_separator>
16647 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_MacOS - once produced Makefiles for MacOS Classic
16657 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_NW5 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
16658 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
16670 init_platform, platform_constants
16678 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_OS2 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
16679 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
16697 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_QNX - QNX specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix
16707 =item Overridden methods
16721 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_UWIN - U/WIN specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix
16731 =item Overridden methods
16739 B<replace_manpage_separator>
16749 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Unix - methods used by ExtUtils::MakeMaker
16843 init_platform, platform_constants
16887 post_initialize (o)
16899 replace_manpage_separator
16923 test_via_harness (override)
16925 test_via_script (override)
16949 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_VMS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
16950 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
16960 =item Methods always loaded
16972 guess_name (override)
16976 find_perl (override)
16978 maybe_command (override)
16982 pm_to_blib (override)
16984 perl_script (override)
16986 replace_manpage_separator
16992 init_main (override)
16994 init_others (override)
16996 init_platform (override)
17000 init_VERSION (override)
17002 constants (override)
17008 const_cccmd (override)
17010 tools_other (override)
17012 init_dist (override)
17022 dynamic_lib (override)
17024 static_lib (override)
17028 zipfile_target, tarfile_target, shdist_target
17032 perldepend (override)
17034 makeaperl (override)
17036 nicetext (override)
17038 prefixify (override)
17066 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_VOS - VOS specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix
17076 =item Overridden methods
17090 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Win32 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
17091 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
17103 =item Overridden methods
17109 replace_manpage_separator
17117 init_platform, platform_constants
17143 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Win95 - method to customize MakeMaker for Win9X
17153 =item Overridden methods
17175 =head2 ExtUtils::MY - ExtUtils::MakeMaker subclass for customization
17185 =head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker - Create a module Makefile
17195 =item How To Write A Makefile.PL
17197 =item Default Makefile Behaviour
17205 =item PREFIX and LIB attribute
17209 =item Static Linking of a new Perl Binary
17211 =item Determination of Perl Library and Installation Locations
17213 =item Which architecture dependent directory?
17215 =item Using Attributes and Parameters
17217 ABSTRACT, ABSTRACT_FROM, AUTHOR, BINARY_LOCATION, C, CCFLAGS, CONFIG,
17218 CONFIGURE, DEFINE, DESTDIR, DIR, DISTNAME, DISTVNAME, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS,
17219 EXCLUDE_EXT, EXE_FILES, FIRST_MAKEFILE, FULLPERL, FULLPERLRUN,
17220 FULLPERLRUNINST, FUNCLIST, H, IMPORTS, INC, INCLUDE_EXT, INSTALLARCHLIB,
17221 INSTALLBIN, INSTALLDIRS, INSTALLMAN1DIR, INSTALLMAN3DIR, INSTALLPRIVLIB,
17222 INSTALLSCRIPT, INSTALLSITEARCH, INSTALLSITEBIN, INSTALLSITELIB,
17223 INSTALLSITEMAN1DIR, INSTALLSITEMAN3DIR, INSTALLSITESCRIPT,
17224 INSTALLVENDORARCH, INSTALLVENDORBIN, INSTALLVENDORLIB,
17225 INSTALLVENDORMAN1DIR, INSTALLVENDORMAN3DIR, INSTALLVENDORSCRIPT,
17226 INST_ARCHLIB, INST_BIN, INST_LIB, INST_MAN1DIR, INST_MAN3DIR, INST_SCRIPT,
17227 LD, LDDLFLAGS, LDFROM, LIB, LIBPERL_A, LIBS, LINKTYPE, MAKEAPERL,
17228 MAKEFILE_OLD, MAN1PODS, MAN3PODS, MAP_TARGET, MYEXTLIB, NAME,
17229 NEEDS_LINKING, NOECHO, NORECURS, NO_META, NO_VC, OBJECT, OPTIMIZE, PERL,
17230 PERL_CORE, PERLMAINCC, PERL_ARCHLIB, PERL_LIB, PERL_MALLOC_OK, PERLPREFIX,
17231 PERLRUN, PERLRUNINST, PERL_SRC, PERM_RW, PERM_RWX, PL_FILES, PM, PMLIBDIRS,
17232 PM_FILTER, POLLUTE, PPM_INSTALL_EXEC, PPM_INSTALL_SCRIPT, PREFIX,
17233 PREREQ_FATAL, PREREQ_PM, PREREQ_PRINT, PRINT_PREREQ, SITEPREFIX, SIGN,
17234 SKIP, TYPEMAPS, VENDORPREFIX, VERBINST, VERSION, VERSION_FROM, VERSION_SYM,
17235 XS, XSOPT, XSPROTOARG, XS_VERSION
17237 =item Additional lowercase attributes
17239 clean, depend, dist, dynamic_lib, linkext, macro, postamble, realclean,
17240 test, tool_autosplit
17242 =item Overriding MakeMaker Methods
17244 =item The End Of Cargo Cult Programming
17246 C<< MAN3PODS => ' ' >>
17248 =item Hintsfile support
17250 =item Distribution Support
17252 make distcheck, make skipcheck, make distclean, make manifest,
17253 make distdir, make disttest, make tardist, make dist, make
17254 uutardist, make shdist, make zipdist, make ci
17256 =item Module Meta-Data
17258 =item Disabling an extension
17260 =item Other Handy Functions
17268 PERL_MM_OPT, PERL_MM_USE_DEFAULT, PERL_CORE
17278 =head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Config - Wrapper around Config.pm
17288 =head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::FAQ - Frequently Asked Questions About
17297 =item Module Installation
17299 How do I keep from installing man pages?, How do I use a module without
17302 =item Philosophy and History
17304 Why not just use <insert other build config tool here>?, What is
17305 Module::Build and how does it relate to MakeMaker?, pure perl. no make, no
17306 shell commands, easier to customize, cleaner internals, less cruft
17308 =item Module Writing
17310 How do I keep my $VERSION up to date without resetting it manually?, What's
17311 this F<META.yml> thing and how did it get in my F<MANIFEST>?!
17315 How to I prevent "object version X.XX does not match bootstrap parameter
17316 Y.YY" errors?, How do I make two or more XS files coexist in the same
17329 =head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Tutorial - Writing a module with MakeMaker
17343 Makefile.PL, MANIFEST, lib/, t/, Changes, README, INSTALL, MANIFEST.SKIP,
17352 =head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::bytes - Version-agnostic bytes.pm
17362 =head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::vmsish - Platform-agnostic vmsish.pm
17372 =head2 ExtUtils::Manifest - utilities to write and check a MANIFEST file
17410 =item MANIFEST.SKIP
17414 =item GLOBAL VARIABLES
17422 C<Not in MANIFEST:> I<file>, C<Skipping> I<file>, C<No such file:> I<file>,
17423 C<MANIFEST:> I<$!>, C<Added to MANIFEST:> I<file>
17427 B<PERL_MM_MANIFEST_DEBUG>
17435 =head2 ExtUtils::Miniperl, writemain - write the C code for perlmain.c
17447 =head2 ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap - make a bootstrap file for use by DynaLoader
17457 =head2 ExtUtils::Mksymlists - write linker options files for dynamic
17466 DLBASE, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, FILE, FUNCLIST, IMPORTS, NAME
17474 =head2 ExtUtils::Packlist - manage .packlist files
17486 new(), read(), write(), validate(), packlist_file()
17494 =head2 ExtUtils::ParseXS - converts Perl XS code into C code
17504 process_xs(), B<C++>, B<hiertype>, B<except>, B<typemap>, B<prototypes>,
17505 B<versioncheck>, B<linenumbers>, B<optimize>, B<inout>, B<argtypes>, B<s>,
17516 =head2 ExtUtils::testlib - add blib/* directories to @INC
17526 =head2 Fatal - replace functions with equivalents which succeed or die
17538 =head2 Fcntl - load the C Fcntl.h defines
17548 =item EXPORTED SYMBOLS
17552 =head2 File::Basename - Parse file paths into directory, filename and
17569 C<fileparse_set_fstype>
17577 =head2 File::CheckTree, validate - run many filetest checks on a tree
17591 =head2 File::Compare - Compare files or filehandles
17605 =head2 File::Copy - Copy files or filehandles
17615 =item Special behaviour if C<syscopy> is defined (OS/2, VMS and Win32)
17617 rmscopy($from,$to[,$date_flag])
17629 =head2 File::DosGlob - DOS like globbing and then some
17639 =item EXPORTS (by request only)
17651 =head2 File::Find - Traverse a directory tree.
17659 B<find>, B<finddepth>
17665 C<wanted>, C<bydepth>, C<preprocess>, C<postprocess>, C<follow>,
17666 C<follow_fast>, C<follow_skip>, C<dangling_symlinks>, C<no_chdir>,
17667 C<untaint>, C<untaint_pattern>, C<untaint_skip>
17669 =item The wanted function
17671 C<$File::Find::dir> is the current directory name,, C<$_> is the current
17672 filename within that directory, C<$File::Find::name> is the complete
17673 pathname to the file
17681 $dont_use_nlink, symlinks
17685 =item BUGS AND CAVEATS
17691 =head2 File::Glob - Perl extension for BSD glob routine
17701 =item META CHARACTERS
17705 C<GLOB_ERR>, C<GLOB_LIMIT>, C<GLOB_MARK>, C<GLOB_NOCASE>, C<GLOB_NOCHECK>,
17706 C<GLOB_NOSORT>, C<GLOB_BRACE>, C<GLOB_NOMAGIC>, C<GLOB_QUOTE>,
17707 C<GLOB_TILDE>, C<GLOB_CSH>, C<GLOB_ALPHASORT>
17713 C<GLOB_NOSPACE>, C<GLOB_ABEND>
17723 =head2 File::GlobMapper - Extend File Glob to Allow Input and Output Files
17731 This code is a work in progress, There are known bugs, The interface
17732 defined here is tentative, There are portability issues, Do not use in
17733 production code, Consider yourself warned!
17737 =item Behind The Scenes
17741 =item Input File Glob
17743 B<~>, B<~user>, B<.>, B<*>, B<?>, B<\>, B<[]>, B<{,}>, B<()>
17745 =item Output File Glob
17749 =item Returned Data
17757 =item A Rename script
17759 =item A few example globmaps
17767 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
17771 =head2 File::Path - create or remove directory trees
17785 =head2 File::Spec - portably perform operations on file names
17795 canonpath, catdir, catfile, curdir, devnull, rootdir, tmpdir, updir,
17796 no_upwards, case_tolerant, file_name_is_absolute, path, join, splitpath,
17797 splitdir, catpath(), abs2rel, rel2abs()
17807 =head2 File::Spec::Cygwin - methods for Cygwin file specs
17819 file_name_is_absolute
17829 =head2 File::Spec::Epoc - methods for Epoc file specs
17851 =head2 File::Spec::Functions - portably perform operations on file names
17871 =head2 File::Spec::Mac - File::Spec for Mac OS (Classic)
17899 file_name_is_absolute
17923 =head2 File::Spec::OS2 - methods for OS/2 file specs
17937 =head2 File::Spec::Unix - File::Spec for Unix, base for other File::Spec
17970 file_name_is_absolute
17994 =head2 File::Spec::VMS - methods for VMS file specs
18002 canonpath (override)
18020 case_tolerant (override)
18024 file_name_is_absolute (override)
18026 splitpath (override)
18028 splitdir (override)
18044 =head2 File::Spec::Win32 - methods for Win32 file specs
18070 =item Note For File::Spec::Win32 Maintainers
18082 =head2 File::Temp - return name and handle of a temporary file safely
18096 =item OBJECT-ORIENTED INTERFACE
18104 B<unlink_on_destroy>
18120 =item MKTEMP FUNCTIONS
18134 =item POSIX FUNCTIONS
18144 =item ADDITIONAL FUNCTIONS
18152 =item UTILITY FUNCTIONS
18166 =item PACKAGE VARIABLES
18168 B<safe_level>, STANDARD, MEDIUM, HIGH
18174 B<$KEEP_ALL>, B<$DEBUG>
18182 =item Temporary files and NFS
18198 =head2 File::stat - by-name interface to Perl's built-in stat() functions
18214 =head2 FileCache - keep more files open than the system permits
18222 cacheout EXPR, cacheout MODE, EXPR
18230 =head2 FileHandle - supply object methods for filehandles
18238 $fh->print, $fh->printf, $fh->getline, $fh->getlines
18244 =head2 Filter::Simple - Simplified source filtering
18258 =item Disabling or changing <no> behaviour
18260 =item All-in-one interface
18262 =item Filtering only specific components of source code
18264 C<"code">, C<"code_no_comments">, C<"executable">,
18265 C<"executable_no_comments">, C<"quotelike">, C<"string">, C<"regex">,
18268 =item Filtering only the code parts of source code
18270 Most source code ceases to be grammatically correct when it is broken up
18271 into the pieces between string literals and regexes. So the C<'code'>
18272 and C<'code_no_comments'> component filter behave slightly differently
18273 from the other partial filters described in the previous section.
18275 =item Using Filter::Simple with an explicit C<import> subroutine
18277 =item Using Filter::Simple and Exporter together
18289 =head2 Filter::Util::Call - Perl Source Filter Utility Module
18299 =item B<use Filter::Util::Call>
18303 =item B<filter() and anonymous sub>
18305 B<$_>, B<$status>, B<filter_read> and B<filter_read_exact>, B<filter_del>
18313 =item Example 1: A simple filter.
18315 =item Example 2: Using the context
18317 =item Example 3: Using the context within the filter
18319 =item Example 4: Using filter_del
18323 =item Filter::Simple
18331 =head2 FindBin - Locate directory of original perl script
18339 =item EXPORTABLE VARIABLES
18351 =head2 GDBM_File - Perl5 access to the gdbm library.
18367 =head2 Getopt::Long - Extended processing of command line options
18375 =item Command Line Options, an Introduction
18377 =item Getting Started with Getopt::Long
18381 =item Simple options
18383 =item A little bit less simple options
18385 =item Mixing command line option with other arguments
18387 =item Options with values
18389 =item Options with multiple values
18391 =item Options with hash values
18393 =item User-defined subroutines to handle options
18395 =item Options with multiple names
18397 =item Case and abbreviations
18399 =item Summary of Option Specifications
18401 !, +, s, i, o, f, : I<type> [ I<desttype> ], : I<number> [ I<desttype> ], :
18406 =item Advanced Possibilities
18410 =item Object oriented interface
18412 =item Thread Safety
18414 =item Documentation and help texts
18416 =item Storing option values in a hash
18420 =item The lonesome dash
18422 =item Argument callback
18426 =item Configuring Getopt::Long
18428 default, posix_default, auto_abbrev, getopt_compat, gnu_compat, gnu_getopt,
18429 require_order, permute, bundling (default: disabled), bundling_override
18430 (default: disabled), ignore_case (default: enabled), ignore_case_always
18431 (default: disabled), auto_version (default:disabled), auto_help
18432 (default:disabled), pass_through (default: disabled), prefix,
18433 prefix_pattern, long_prefix_pattern, debug (default: disabled)
18435 =item Exportable Methods
18437 VersionMessage, C<-message>, C<-msg>, C<-exitval>, C<-output>, HelpMessage
18439 =item Return values and Errors
18445 =item Default destinations
18447 =item Alternative option starters
18449 =item Configuration variables
18453 =item Trouble Shooting
18457 =item GetOptions does not return a false result when an option is not
18460 =item GetOptions does not split the command line correctly
18462 =item Undefined subroutine &main::GetOptions called
18464 =item How do I put a "-?" option into a Getopt::Long?
18470 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER
18474 =head2 Getopt::Std, getopt, getopts - Process single-character switches
18475 with switch clustering
18483 =item C<--help> and C<--version>
18487 =head2 Hash::Util - A selection of general-utility hash subroutines
18497 =item Restricted hashes
18499 lock_keys, unlock_keys
18505 lock_value, unlock_value
18507 B<lock_hash>, B<unlock_hash>
18521 =head2 I18N::Collate - compare 8-bit scalar data according to the current
18532 =head2 I18N::LangTags - functions for dealing with RFC3066-style language
18543 the function is_language_tag($lang1)
18545 the function extract_language_tags($whatever)
18547 the function same_language_tag($lang1, $lang2)
18549 the function similarity_language_tag($lang1, $lang2)
18551 the function is_dialect_of($lang1, $lang2)
18553 the function super_languages($lang1)
18555 the function locale2language_tag($locale_identifier)
18557 the function encode_language_tag($lang1)
18559 the function alternate_language_tags($lang1)
18561 the function @langs = panic_languages(@accept_languages)
18563 the function implicate_supers( ...languages... ), the function
18564 implicate_supers_strictly( ...languages... )
18568 =item ABOUT LOWERCASING
18570 =item ABOUT UNICODE PLAINTEXT LANGUAGE TAGS
18580 =head2 I18N::LangTags::Detect - detect the user's language preferences
18600 =head2 I18N::LangTags::List -- tags and names for human languages
18608 =item ABOUT LANGUAGE TAGS
18610 =item LIST OF LANGUAGES
18612 {ab} : Abkhazian, {ace} : Achinese, {ach} : Acoli, {ada} : Adangme, {ady} :
18613 Adyghe, {aa} : Afar, {afh} : Afrihili, {af} : Afrikaans, [{afa} :
18614 Afro-Asiatic (Other)], {ak} : Akan, {akk} : Akkadian, {sq} : Albanian,
18615 {ale} : Aleut, [{alg} : Algonquian languages], [{tut} : Altaic (Other)],
18616 {am} : Amharic, {i-ami} : Ami, [{apa} : Apache languages], {ar} : Arabic,
18617 {arc} : Aramaic, {arp} : Arapaho, {arn} : Araucanian, {arw} : Arawak, {hy}
18618 : Armenian, {an} : Aragonese, [{art} : Artificial (Other)], {ast} :
18619 Asturian, {as} : Assamese, [{ath} : Athapascan languages], [{aus} :
18620 Australian languages], [{map} : Austronesian (Other)], {av} : Avaric, {ae}
18621 : Avestan, {awa} : Awadhi, {ay} : Aymara, {az} : Azerbaijani, {ban} :
18622 Balinese, [{bat} : Baltic (Other)], {bal} : Baluchi, {bm} : Bambara, [{bai}
18623 : Bamileke languages], {bad} : Banda, [{bnt} : Bantu (Other)], {bas} :
18624 Basa, {ba} : Bashkir, {eu} : Basque, {btk} : Batak (Indonesia), {bej} :
18625 Beja, {be} : Belarusian, {bem} : Bemba, {bn} : Bengali, [{ber} : Berber
18626 (Other)], {bho} : Bhojpuri, {bh} : Bihari, {bik} : Bikol, {bin} : Bini,
18627 {bi} : Bislama, {bs} : Bosnian, {bra} : Braj, {br} : Breton, {bug} :
18628 Buginese, {bg} : Bulgarian, {i-bnn} : Bunun, {bua} : Buriat, {my} :
18629 Burmese, {cad} : Caddo, {car} : Carib, {ca} : Catalan, [{cau} : Caucasian
18630 (Other)], {ceb} : Cebuano, [{cel} : Celtic (Other)], [{cai} : Central
18631 American Indian (Other)], {chg} : Chagatai, [{cmc} : Chamic languages],
18632 {ch} : Chamorro, {ce} : Chechen, {chr} : Cherokee, {chy} : Cheyenne, {chb}
18633 : Chibcha, {ny} : Chichewa, {zh} : Chinese, {chn} : Chinook Jargon, {chp} :
18634 Chipewyan, {cho} : Choctaw, {cu} : Church Slavic, {chk} : Chuukese, {cv} :
18635 Chuvash, {cop} : Coptic, {kw} : Cornish, {co} : Corsican, {cr} : Cree,
18636 {mus} : Creek, [{cpe} : English-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{cpf}
18637 : French-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{cpp} : Portuguese-based
18638 Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{crp} : Creoles and pidgins (Other)], {hr} :
18639 Croatian, [{cus} : Cushitic (Other)], {cs} : Czech, {dak} : Dakota, {da} :
18640 Danish, {dar} : Dargwa, {day} : Dayak, {i-default} : Default (Fallthru)
18641 Language, {del} : Delaware, {din} : Dinka, {dv} : Divehi, {doi} : Dogri,
18642 {dgr} : Dogrib, [{dra} : Dravidian (Other)], {dua} : Duala, {nl} : Dutch,
18643 {dum} : Middle Dutch (ca.1050-1350), {dyu} : Dyula, {dz} : Dzongkha, {efi}
18644 : Efik, {egy} : Ancient Egyptian, {eka} : Ekajuk, {elx} : Elamite, {en} :
18645 English, {enm} : Old English (1100-1500), {ang} : Old English
18646 (ca.450-1100), {i-enochian} : Enochian (Artificial), {myv} : Erzya, {eo} :
18647 Esperanto, {et} : Estonian, {ee} : Ewe, {ewo} : Ewondo, {fan} : Fang, {fat}
18648 : Fanti, {fo} : Faroese, {fj} : Fijian, {fi} : Finnish, [{fiu} :
18649 Finno-Ugrian (Other)], {fon} : Fon, {fr} : French, {frm} : Middle French
18650 (ca.1400-1600), {fro} : Old French (842-ca.1400), {fy} : Frisian, {fur} :
18651 Friulian, {ff} : Fulah, {gaa} : Ga, {gd} : Scots Gaelic, {gl} : Gallegan,
18652 {lg} : Ganda, {gay} : Gayo, {gba} : Gbaya, {gez} : Geez, {ka} : Georgian,
18653 {de} : German, {gmh} : Middle High German (ca.1050-1500), {goh} : Old High
18654 German (ca.750-1050), [{gem} : Germanic (Other)], {gil} : Gilbertese, {gon}
18655 : Gondi, {gor} : Gorontalo, {got} : Gothic, {grb} : Grebo, {grc} : Ancient
18656 Greek, {el} : Modern Greek, {gn} : Guarani, {gu} : Gujarati, {gwi} :
18657 Gwich'in, {hai} : Haida, {ht} : Haitian, {ha} : Hausa, {haw} : Hawaiian,
18658 {he} : Hebrew, {hz} : Herero, {hil} : Hiligaynon, {him} : Himachali, {hi} :
18659 Hindi, {ho} : Hiri Motu, {hit} : Hittite, {hmn} : Hmong, {hu} : Hungarian,
18660 {hup} : Hupa, {iba} : Iban, {is} : Icelandic, {io} : Ido, {ig} : Igbo,
18661 {ijo} : Ijo, {ilo} : Iloko, [{inc} : Indic (Other)], [{ine} : Indo-European
18662 (Other)], {id} : Indonesian, {inh} : Ingush, {ia} : Interlingua
18663 (International Auxiliary Language Association), {ie} : Interlingue, {iu} :
18664 Inuktitut, {ik} : Inupiaq, [{ira} : Iranian (Other)], {ga} : Irish, {mga} :
18665 Middle Irish (900-1200), {sga} : Old Irish (to 900), [{iro} : Iroquoian
18666 languages], {it} : Italian, {ja} : Japanese, {jv} : Javanese, {jrb} :
18667 Judeo-Arabic, {jpr} : Judeo-Persian, {kbd} : Kabardian, {kab} : Kabyle,
18668 {kac} : Kachin, {kl} : Kalaallisut, {xal} : Kalmyk, {kam} : Kamba, {kn} :
18669 Kannada, {kr} : Kanuri, {krc} : Karachay-Balkar, {kaa} : Kara-Kalpak, {kar}
18670 : Karen, {ks} : Kashmiri, {csb} : Kashubian, {kaw} : Kawi, {kk} : Kazakh,
18671 {kha} : Khasi, {km} : Khmer, [{khi} : Khoisan (Other)], {kho} : Khotanese,
18672 {ki} : Kikuyu, {kmb} : Kimbundu, {rw} : Kinyarwanda, {ky} : Kirghiz,
18673 {i-klingon} : Klingon, {kv} : Komi, {kg} : Kongo, {kok} : Konkani, {ko} :
18674 Korean, {kos} : Kosraean, {kpe} : Kpelle, {kro} : Kru, {kj} : Kuanyama,
18675 {kum} : Kumyk, {ku} : Kurdish, {kru} : Kurukh, {kut} : Kutenai, {lad} :
18676 Ladino, {lah} : Lahnda, {lam} : Lamba, {lo} : Lao, {la} : Latin, {lv} :
18677 Latvian, {lb} : Letzeburgesch, {lez} : Lezghian, {li} : Limburgish, {ln} :
18678 Lingala, {lt} : Lithuanian, {nds} : Low German, {art-lojban} : Lojban
18679 (Artificial), {loz} : Lozi, {lu} : Luba-Katanga, {lua} : Luba-Lulua, {lui}
18680 : Luiseno, {lun} : Lunda, {luo} : Luo (Kenya and Tanzania), {lus} : Lushai,
18681 {mk} : Macedonian, {mad} : Madurese, {mag} : Magahi, {mai} : Maithili,
18682 {mak} : Makasar, {mg} : Malagasy, {ms} : Malay, {ml} : Malayalam, {mt} :
18683 Maltese, {mnc} : Manchu, {mdr} : Mandar, {man} : Mandingo, {mni} :
18684 Manipuri, [{mno} : Manobo languages], {gv} : Manx, {mi} : Maori, {mr} :
18685 Marathi, {chm} : Mari, {mh} : Marshall, {mwr} : Marwari, {mas} : Masai,
18686 [{myn} : Mayan languages], {men} : Mende, {mic} : Micmac, {min} :
18687 Minangkabau, {i-mingo} : Mingo, [{mis} : Miscellaneous languages], {moh} :
18688 Mohawk, {mdf} : Moksha, {mo} : Moldavian, [{mkh} : Mon-Khmer (Other)],
18689 {lol} : Mongo, {mn} : Mongolian, {mos} : Mossi, [{mul} : Multiple
18690 languages], [{mun} : Munda languages], {nah} : Nahuatl, {nap} : Neapolitan,
18691 {na} : Nauru, {nv} : Navajo, {nd} : North Ndebele, {nr} : South Ndebele,
18692 {ng} : Ndonga, {ne} : Nepali, {new} : Newari, {nia} : Nias, [{nic} :
18693 Niger-Kordofanian (Other)], [{ssa} : Nilo-Saharan (Other)], {niu} : Niuean,
18694 {nog} : Nogai, {non} : Old Norse, [{nai} : North American Indian], {no} :
18695 Norwegian, {nb} : Norwegian Bokmal, {nn} : Norwegian Nynorsk, [{nub} :
18696 Nubian languages], {nym} : Nyamwezi, {nyn} : Nyankole, {nyo} : Nyoro, {nzi}
18697 : Nzima, {oc} : Occitan (post 1500), {oj} : Ojibwa, {or} : Oriya, {om} :
18698 Oromo, {osa} : Osage, {os} : Ossetian; Ossetic, [{oto} : Otomian
18699 languages], {pal} : Pahlavi, {i-pwn} : Paiwan, {pau} : Palauan, {pi} :
18700 Pali, {pam} : Pampanga, {pag} : Pangasinan, {pa} : Panjabi, {pap} :
18701 Papiamento, [{paa} : Papuan (Other)], {fa} : Persian, {peo} : Old Persian
18702 (ca.600-400 B.C.), [{phi} : Philippine (Other)], {phn} : Phoenician, {pon}
18703 : Pohnpeian, {pl} : Polish, {pt} : Portuguese, [{pra} : Prakrit languages],
18704 {pro} : Old Provencal (to 1500), {ps} : Pushto, {qu} : Quechua, {rm} :
18705 Raeto-Romance, {raj} : Rajasthani, {rap} : Rapanui, {rar} : Rarotongan,
18706 [{qaa - qtz} : Reserved for local use.], [{roa} : Romance (Other)], {ro} :
18707 Romanian, {rom} : Romany, {rn} : Rundi, {ru} : Russian, [{sal} : Salishan
18708 languages], {sam} : Samaritan Aramaic, {se} : Northern Sami, {sma} :
18709 Southern Sami, {smn} : Inari Sami, {smj} : Lule Sami, {sms} : Skolt Sami,
18710 [{smi} : Sami languages (Other)], {sm} : Samoan, {sad} : Sandawe, {sg} :
18711 Sango, {sa} : Sanskrit, {sat} : Santali, {sc} : Sardinian, {sas} : Sasak,
18712 {sco} : Scots, {sel} : Selkup, [{sem} : Semitic (Other)], {sr} : Serbian,
18713 {srr} : Serer, {shn} : Shan, {sn} : Shona, {sid} : Sidamo, {sgn-...} : Sign
18714 Languages, {bla} : Siksika, {sd} : Sindhi, {si} : Sinhalese, [{sit} :
18715 Sino-Tibetan (Other)], [{sio} : Siouan languages], {den} : Slave
18716 (Athapascan), [{sla} : Slavic (Other)], {sk} : Slovak, {sl} : Slovenian,
18717 {sog} : Sogdian, {so} : Somali, {son} : Songhai, {snk} : Soninke, {wen} :
18718 Sorbian languages, {nso} : Northern Sotho, {st} : Southern Sotho, [{sai} :
18719 South American Indian (Other)], {es} : Spanish, {suk} : Sukuma, {sux} :
18720 Sumerian, {su} : Sundanese, {sus} : Susu, {sw} : Swahili, {ss} : Swati,
18721 {sv} : Swedish, {syr} : Syriac, {tl} : Tagalog, {ty} : Tahitian, [{tai} :
18722 Tai (Other)], {tg} : Tajik, {tmh} : Tamashek, {ta} : Tamil, {i-tao} : Tao,
18723 {tt} : Tatar, {i-tay} : Tayal, {te} : Telugu, {ter} : Tereno, {tet} :
18724 Tetum, {th} : Thai, {bo} : Tibetan, {tig} : Tigre, {ti} : Tigrinya, {tem} :
18725 Timne, {tiv} : Tiv, {tli} : Tlingit, {tpi} : Tok Pisin, {tkl} : Tokelau,
18726 {tog} : Tonga (Nyasa), {to} : Tonga (Tonga Islands), {tsi} : Tsimshian,
18727 {ts} : Tsonga, {i-tsu} : Tsou, {tn} : Tswana, {tum} : Tumbuka, [{tup} :
18728 Tupi languages], {tr} : Turkish, {ota} : Ottoman Turkish (1500-1928), {crh}
18729 : Crimean Turkish, {tk} : Turkmen, {tvl} : Tuvalu, {tyv} : Tuvinian, {tw} :
18730 Twi, {udm} : Udmurt, {uga} : Ugaritic, {ug} : Uighur, {uk} : Ukrainian,
18731 {umb} : Umbundu, {und} : Undetermined, {ur} : Urdu, {uz} : Uzbek, {vai} :
18732 Vai, {ve} : Venda, {vi} : Vietnamese, {vo} : Volapuk, {vot} : Votic, [{wak}
18733 : Wakashan languages], {wa} : Walloon, {wal} : Walamo, {war} : Waray, {was}
18734 : Washo, {cy} : Welsh, {wo} : Wolof, {x-...} : Unregistered (Semi-Private
18735 Use), {xh} : Xhosa, {sah} : Yakut, {yao} : Yao, {yap} : Yapese, {ii} :
18736 Sichuan Yi, {yi} : Yiddish, {yo} : Yoruba, [{ypk} : Yupik languages], {znd}
18737 : Zande, [{zap} : Zapotec], {zen} : Zenaga, {za} : Zhuang, {zu} : Zulu,
18742 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER
18748 =head2 I18N::Langinfo - query locale information
18766 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
18770 =head2 IO - load various IO modules
18782 =head2 IO::Compress::Deflate - Perl interface to write RFC 1950
18791 DO NOT use in production code, The documentation is incomplete in places,
18792 Parts of the interface defined here are tentative, Please report any
18795 =item Functional Interface
18799 =item deflate $input => $output [, OPTS]
18801 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
18802 FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array
18803 Reference, An Output FileGlob
18807 =item Optional Parameters
18809 AutoClose =E<gt> 0|1, BinModeIn =E<gt> 0|1, -Append =E<gt> 0|1
18821 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
18823 =item Constructor Options
18825 -AutoClose =E<gt> 0|1, -Append =E<gt> 0|1, A Buffer, A Filename, A
18826 Filehandle, -Merge =E<gt> 0|1, -Level, -Strategy, -Strict =E<gt> 0|1
18858 =item newStream([OPTS])
18862 =item deflateParams
18868 :all, :constants, :flush, :level, :strategy
18876 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
18878 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
18882 =head2 IO::Compress::Gzip - Perl interface to write RFC 1952
18891 DO NOT use in production code, The documentation is incomplete in places,
18892 Parts of the interface defined here are tentative, Please report any
18895 =item Functional Interface
18899 =item gzip $input => $output [, OPTS]
18901 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
18902 FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array
18903 Reference, An Output FileGlob
18907 =item Optional Parameters
18909 AutoClose =E<gt> 0|1, BinModeIn =E<gt> 0|1, -Append =E<gt> 0|1
18921 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
18923 =item Constructor Options
18925 -AutoClose =E<gt> 0|1, -Append =E<gt> 0|1, A Buffer, A Filename, A
18926 Filehandle, -Merge =E<gt> 0|1, -Level, -Strategy, -Minimal =E<gt> 0|1,
18927 -Comment =E<gt> $comment, -Name =E<gt> $string, -Time =E<gt> $number,
18928 -TextFlag =E<gt> 0|1, -HeaderCRC =E<gt> 0|1, -OS_Code =E<gt> $value,
18929 -ExtraField =E<gt> $data, -ExtraFlags =E<gt> $value, -Strict =E<gt> 0|1
18961 =item newStream([OPTS])
18965 =item deflateParams
18971 :all, :constants, :flush, :level, :strategy
18979 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
18981 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
18985 =head2 IO::Compress::RawDeflate - Perl interface to write RFC 1951
18994 DO NOT use in production code, The documentation is incomplete in places,
18995 Parts of the interface defined here are tentative, Please report any
18998 =item Functional Interface
19002 =item rawdeflate $input => $output [, OPTS]
19004 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
19005 FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array
19006 Reference, An Output FileGlob
19010 =item Optional Parameters
19012 AutoClose =E<gt> 0|1, BinModeIn =E<gt> 0|1, -Append =E<gt> 0|1
19024 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
19026 =item Constructor Options
19028 -AutoClose =E<gt> 0|1, -Append =E<gt> 0|1, A Buffer, A Filename, A
19029 Filehandle, -Merge =E<gt> 0|1, -Level, -Strategy, -Strict =E<gt> 0|1
19061 =item newStream([OPTS])
19065 =item deflateParams
19071 :all, :constants, :flush, :level, :strategy
19079 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
19081 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
19085 =head2 IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory handles
19093 new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (),
19094 rewind (), close (), tie %hash, 'IO::Dir', DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ]
19104 =head2 IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles
19114 new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile
19118 open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), open( FILENAME, IOLAYERS ), binmode(
19129 =head2 IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O handles
19139 new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE )
19143 $io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines,
19144 $io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ), $io->error,
19145 $io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush ( ARGS ),
19146 $io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint
19158 =head2 IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes
19168 new ( [READER, WRITER] )
19172 reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles ()
19182 =head2 IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call
19192 mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ), remove (
19193 IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] )
19203 =head2 IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for I/O objects
19211 $io->getpos, $io->setpos, $io->seek ( POS, WHENCE ), WHENCE=0 (SEEK_SET),
19212 WHENCE=1 (SEEK_CUR), WHENCE=2 (SEEK_END), $io->sysseek( POS, WHENCE ),
19221 =head2 IO::Select - OO interface to the select system call
19231 new ( [ HANDLES ] )
19235 add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read (
19236 [ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ),
19237 count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, EXCEPTION [, TIMEOUT ] )
19247 =head2 IO::Socket - Object interface to socket communications
19261 accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), atmark, connected,
19262 protocol, sockdomain, sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), socktype, timeout([VAL])
19272 =head2 IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for AF_INET domain sockets
19288 sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost
19301 =head2 IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for AF_UNIX domain sockets
19315 hostpath(), peerpath()
19325 =head2 IO::Uncompress::AnyInflate - Perl interface to read RFC 1950, 1951 &
19334 DO NOT use in production code, The documentation is incomplete in places,
19335 Parts of the interface defined here are tentative, Please report any
19338 =item Functional Interface
19342 =item anyinflate $input => $output [, OPTS]
19344 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
19345 FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array
19346 Reference, An Output FileGlob
19350 =item Optional Parameters
19352 AutoClose =E<gt> 0|1, BinModeOut =E<gt> 0|1, -Append =E<gt> 0|1,
19353 -MultiStream =E<gt> 0|1
19365 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
19367 =item Constructor Options
19369 -AutoClose =E<gt> 0|1, -MultiStream =E<gt> 0|1, -Prime =E<gt> $string,
19370 -Transparent =E<gt> 0|1, -BlockSize =E<gt> $num, -InputLength =E<gt> $size,
19371 -Append =E<gt> 0|1, -Strict =E<gt> 0|1, -ParseExtra =E<gt> 0|1
19393 =item getHeaderInfo
19419 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
19421 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
19425 =head2 IO::Uncompress::Gunzip - Perl interface to read RFC 1952
19434 DO NOT use in production code, The documentation is incomplete in places,
19435 Parts of the interface defined here are tentative, Please report any
19438 =item Functional Interface
19442 =item gunzip $input => $output [, OPTS]
19444 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
19445 FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array
19446 Reference, An Output FileGlob
19450 =item Optional Parameters
19452 AutoClose =E<gt> 0|1, BinModeOut =E<gt> 0|1, -Append =E<gt> 0|1,
19453 -MultiStream =E<gt> 0|1
19465 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
19467 =item Constructor Options
19469 -AutoClose =E<gt> 0|1, -MultiStream =E<gt> 0|1, -Prime =E<gt> $string,
19470 -Transparent =E<gt> 0|1, -BlockSize =E<gt> $num, -InputLength =E<gt> $size,
19471 -Append =E<gt> 0|1, -Strict =E<gt> 0|1, -ParseExtra =E<gt> 0|1
19493 =item getHeaderInfo
19521 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
19523 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
19527 =head2 IO::Uncompress::Inflate - Perl interface to read RFC 1950
19536 DO NOT use in production code, The documentation is incomplete in places,
19537 Parts of the interface defined here are tentative, Please report any
19540 =item Functional Interface
19544 =item inflate $input => $output [, OPTS]
19546 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
19547 FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array
19548 Reference, An Output FileGlob
19552 =item Optional Parameters
19554 AutoClose =E<gt> 0|1, BinModeOut =E<gt> 0|1, -Append =E<gt> 0|1,
19555 -MultiStream =E<gt> 0|1
19567 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
19569 =item Constructor Options
19571 -AutoClose =E<gt> 0|1, -MultiStream =E<gt> 0|1, -Prime =E<gt> $string,
19572 -Transparent =E<gt> 0|1, -BlockSize =E<gt> $num, -InputLength =E<gt> $size,
19573 -Append =E<gt> 0|1, -Strict =E<gt> 0|1
19595 =item getHeaderInfo
19621 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
19623 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
19627 =head2 IO::Uncompress::RawInflate - Perl interface to read RFC 1951
19636 DO NOT use in production code, The documentation is incomplete in places,
19637 Parts of the interface defined here are tentative, Please report any
19640 =item Functional Interface
19644 =item rawinflate $input => $output [, OPTS]
19646 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
19647 FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array
19648 Reference, An Output FileGlob
19652 =item Optional Parameters
19654 AutoClose =E<gt> 0|1, BinModeOut =E<gt> 0|1, -Append =E<gt> 0|1,
19655 -MultiStream =E<gt> 0|1
19667 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
19669 =item Constructor Options
19671 -AutoClose =E<gt> 0|1, -MultiStream =E<gt> 0|1, -Prime =E<gt> $string,
19672 -Transparent =E<gt> 0|1, -BlockSize =E<gt> $num, -InputLength =E<gt> $size,
19673 -Append =E<gt> 0|1, -Strict =E<gt> 0|1
19695 =item getHeaderInfo
19721 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
19723 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
19727 =head2 IO::Zlib - IO:: style interface to L<Compress::Zlib>
19739 =item OBJECT METHODS
19741 open ( FILENAME, MODE ), opened, close, getc, getline, getlines, print (
19742 ARGS... ), read ( BUF, NBYTES, [OFFSET] ), eof, seek ( OFFSET, WHENCE ),
19743 tell, setpos ( POS ), getpos ( POS )
19745 =item USING THE EXTERNAL GZIP
19747 =item CLASS METHODS
19749 has_Compress_Zlib, gzip_external, gzip_used, gzip_read_open,
19754 IO::Zlib::getlines: must be called in list context,
19755 IO::Zlib::gzopen_external: mode '...' is illegal, IO::Zlib::import: '...'
19756 is illegal, IO::Zlib::import: ':gzip_external' requires an argument,
19757 IO::Zlib::import: 'gzip_read_open' requires an argument, IO::Zlib::import:
19758 'gzip_read' '...' is illegal, IO::Zlib::import: 'gzip_write_open' requires
19759 an argument, IO::Zlib::import: 'gzip_write_open' '...' is illegal,
19760 IO::Zlib::import: no Compress::Zlib and no external gzip, IO::Zlib::open:
19761 needs a filename, IO::Zlib::READ: NBYTES must be specified, IO::Zlib::READ:
19762 OFFSET is not supported, IO::Zlib::WRITE: too long LENGTH, IO::Zlib::WRITE:
19763 OFFSET is not supported
19773 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Dir, IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory
19782 new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (),
19783 rewind (), close (), tie %hash, 'IO::Dir', DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ]
19793 =head2 IO::lib::IO::File, IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles
19803 new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile
19807 open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), open( FILENAME, IOLAYERS ), binmode(
19818 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Handle, IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O
19829 new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE )
19833 $io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines,
19834 $io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ), $io->error,
19835 $io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush ( ARGS ),
19836 $io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint
19848 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Pipe, IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes
19858 new ( [READER, WRITER] )
19862 reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles ()
19872 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Poll, IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call
19882 mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ), remove (
19883 IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] )
19893 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Seekable, IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for
19902 $io->getpos, $io->setpos, $io->seek ( POS, WHENCE ), WHENCE=0 (SEEK_SET),
19903 WHENCE=1 (SEEK_CUR), WHENCE=2 (SEEK_END), $io->sysseek( POS, WHENCE ),
19912 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Select, IO::Select - OO interface to the select system
19923 new ( [ HANDLES ] )
19927 add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read (
19928 [ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ),
19929 count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, EXCEPTION [, TIMEOUT ] )
19939 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket, IO::Socket - Object interface to socket
19954 accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), atmark, connected,
19955 protocol, sockdomain, sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), socktype, timeout([VAL])
19965 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket::INET, IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for
19966 AF_INET domain sockets
19982 sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost
19995 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket::UNIX, IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for
19996 AF_UNIX domain sockets
20010 hostpath(), peerpath()
20020 =head2 IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class
20030 new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set
20031 ( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [,
20042 =head2 IPC::Open2, open2 - open a process for both reading and writing
20056 =head2 IPC::Open3, open3 - open a process for reading, writing, and error
20069 =head2 IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object class
20079 new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ),
20080 getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ),
20081 set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N
20092 =head2 IPC::SysV - SysV IPC constants
20110 =head2 IPC::SysV::Msg, IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class
20120 new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set
20121 ( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [,
20132 =head2 IPC::SysV::Semaphore, IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object
20143 new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ),
20144 getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ),
20145 set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N
20156 =head2 List::Util - A selection of general-utility list subroutines
20164 first BLOCK LIST, max LIST, maxstr LIST, min LIST, minstr LIST, reduce
20165 BLOCK LIST, shuffle LIST, sum LIST
20169 =item SUGGESTED ADDITIONS
20175 =head2 List::Utilib::List::Util, List::Util - A selection of
20176 general-utility list subroutines
20184 first BLOCK LIST, max LIST, maxstr LIST, min LIST, minstr LIST, reduce
20185 BLOCK LIST, shuffle LIST, sum LIST
20189 =item SUGGESTED ADDITIONS
20195 =head2 List::Utilib::Scalar::Util, Scalar::Util - A selection of
20196 general-utility scalar subroutines
20204 blessed EXPR, dualvar NUM, STRING, isvstring EXPR, isweak EXPR,
20205 looks_like_number EXPR, openhandle FH, refaddr EXPR, reftype EXPR,
20206 set_prototype CODEREF, PROTOTYPE, tainted EXPR, weaken REF
20216 =head2 Locale::Constants - constants for Locale codes
20224 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
20228 Locale::Language, Locale::Country, Locale::Script, Locale::Currency
20236 =head2 Locale::Country - ISO codes for country identification (ISO 3166)
20244 B<alpha-2>, B<alpha-3>, B<numeric>
20246 =item CONVERSION ROUTINES
20248 code2country( CODE, [ CODESET ] ), country2code( STRING, [ CODESET ] ),
20249 country_code2code( CODE, CODESET, CODESET )
20251 =item QUERY ROUTINES
20253 C<all_country_codes( [ CODESET ] )>, C<all_country_names( [ CODESET ] )>
20255 =item SEMI-PRIVATE ROUTINES
20261 =item rename_country
20269 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
20273 Locale::Language, Locale::Script, Locale::Currency, Locale::SubCountry, ISO
20274 3166-1, http://www.iso.org/iso/en/prods-services/iso3166ma/index.html,
20275 http://www.egt.ie/standards/iso3166/iso3166-1-en.html,
20276 http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/docs/app-d-1.html
20284 =head2 Locale::Currency - ISO three letter codes for currency
20285 identification (ISO 4217)
20295 =item CONVERSION ROUTINES
20297 code2currency(), currency2code()
20299 =item QUERY ROUTINES
20301 C<all_currency_codes()>, C<all_currency_names()>
20305 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
20309 Locale::Country, Locale::Script, ISO 4217:1995,
20310 http://www.bsi-global.com/iso4217currency
20318 =head2 Locale::Language - ISO two letter codes for language identification
20327 =item CONVERSION ROUTINES
20329 code2language(), language2code()
20331 =item QUERY ROUTINES
20333 C<all_language_codes()>, C<all_language_names()>
20337 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
20341 Locale::Country, Locale::Script, Locale::Currency, ISO 639:1988 (E/F),
20342 http://lcweb.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/langhome.html
20350 =head2 Locale::Maketext - framework for localization
20358 =item QUICK OVERVIEW
20364 =item Construction Methods
20366 =item The "maketext" Method
20368 $lh->fail_with I<or> $lh->fail_with(I<PARAM>), $lh->failure_handler_auto
20370 =item Utility Methods
20372 $language->quant($number, $singular), $language->quant($number, $singular,
20373 $plural), $language->quant($number, $singular, $plural, $negative),
20374 $language->numf($number), $language->sprintf($format, @items),
20375 $language->language_tag(), $language->encoding()
20377 =item Language Handle Attributes and Internals
20381 =item LANGUAGE CLASS HIERARCHIES
20383 =item ENTRIES IN EACH LEXICON
20385 =item BRACKET NOTATION
20387 =item AUTO LEXICONS
20389 =item CONTROLLING LOOKUP FAILURE
20391 =item HOW TO USE MAKETEXT
20395 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER
20401 =head2 Locale::Maketext::TPJ13 -- article about software localization
20409 =item Localization and Perl: gettext breaks, Maketext fixes
20413 =item A Localization Horror Story: It Could Happen To You
20415 =item The Linguistic View
20417 =item Breaking gettext
20419 =item Replacing gettext
20421 =item Buzzwords: Abstraction and Encapsulation
20423 =item Buzzword: Isomorphism
20425 =item Buzzword: Inheritance
20427 =item Buzzword: Concision
20429 =item The Devil in the Details
20431 =item The Proof in the Pudding: Localizing Web Sites
20439 =head2 Locale::Script - ISO codes for script identification (ISO 15924)
20447 B<alpha-2>, B<alpha-3>, B<numeric>
20451 =item SPECIAL CODES
20455 =item CONVERSION ROUTINES
20457 code2script( CODE, [ CODESET ] ), script2code( STRING, [ CODESET ] ),
20458 script_code2code( CODE, CODESET, CODESET )
20460 =item QUERY ROUTINES
20462 C<all_script_codes ( [ CODESET ] )>, C<all_script_names ( [ CODESET ] )>
20466 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
20470 Locale::Language, Locale::Currency, Locale::Country, ISO 15924,
20471 http://www.evertype.com/standards/iso15924/
20479 =head2 MIME::Base64 - Encoding and decoding of base64 strings
20487 encode_base64($str), encode_base64($str, $eol);, decode_base64($str)
20491 Premature end of base64 data, Premature padding of base64 data, Wide
20492 character in subroutine entry
20502 =head2 MIME::Base64::QuotedPrint, MIME::QuotedPrint - Encoding and decoding
20503 of quoted-printable strings
20511 encode_qp($str), encode_qp($str, $eol), encode_qp($str, $eol, $binmode),
20520 =head2 MIME::QuotedPrint - Encoding and decoding of quoted-printable
20529 encode_qp($str), encode_qp($str, $eol), encode_qp($str, $eol, $binmode),
20538 =head2 Math::BigFloat - Arbitrary size floating point math package
20548 =item Canonical notation
20552 =item C<mantissa()>, C<exponent()> and C<parts()>
20554 =item Accuracy vs. Precision
20558 ffround ( +$scale ), ffround ( -$scale ), ffround ( 0 ), fround ( +$scale
20559 ), fround ( -$scale ) and fround ( 0 )
20573 =item Autocreating constants
20579 =item Using Math::BigInt::Lite
20587 stringify, bstr(), bdiv, Modifying and =, bpow, precision() vs. accuracy()
20597 =head2 Math::BigInt - Arbitrary size integer/float math package
20629 =item is_one()/is_zero()/is_nan()/is_inf()
20631 =item is_pos()/is_neg()
20633 $x->is_pos(); # true if > 0
20634 $x->is_neg(); # true if < 0
20636 =item is_odd()/is_even()/is_int()
20722 =item ACCURACY and PRECISION
20732 =item Rounding mode R
20734 'trunc', 'even', 'odd', '+inf', '-inf', 'zero', Precision, Accuracy
20735 (significant digits), Setting/Accessing, Creating numbers, Usage,
20736 Precedence, Overriding globals, Local settings, Rounding, Default values,
20741 =item Infinity and Not a Number
20743 oct()/hex(), log(-inf), exp(), cos(), sin(), atan2()
20753 =item mantissa(), exponent() and parts()
20761 =item Autocreating constants
20767 =item Alternative math libraries
20773 =item Subclassing Math::BigInt
20781 bsqrt(), div(), blog()
20787 broot() does not work, Out of Memory!, Fails to load Calc on Perl prior
20792 bstr(), bsstr() and 'cmp', int(), length, bdiv, infinity handling,
20793 Modifying and =, bpow, Overloading -$x, Mixing different object types,
20804 =head2 Math::BigInt::Calc - Pure Perl module to support Math::BigInt
20816 =item WRAP YOUR OWN
20820 This program is free software; you may redistribute it and/or modify it
20822 the same terms as Perl itself.
20830 =head2 Math::BigInt::CalcEmu - Emulate low-level math with BigInt code
20852 This program is free software; you may redistribute it and/or modify it
20854 the same terms as Perl itself.
20862 =head2 Math::BigInt::FastCalc - Math::BigInt::Calc with some XS for more
20877 This program is free software; you may redistribute it and/or modify it
20879 the same terms as Perl itself.
20887 =head2 Math::BigRat - Arbitrary big rational numbers
20909 =item denominator()
20911 $d = $x->denominator();
20925 =item bround()/round()/bfround()
20959 inf handling (partial), NaN handling (partial), rounding (not implemented
20960 except for bceil/bfloor), $x ** $y where $y is not an integer, bmod(),
20961 blog(), bmodinv() and bmodpow() (partial)
20971 =head2 Math::Complex - complex numbers and associated mathematical
20988 =item CHANGED IN PERL 5.6
20994 =item ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO OR LOGARITHM OF ZERO
20996 =item ERRORS DUE TO INDIGESTIBLE ARGUMENTS
21004 =head2 Math::Trig - trigonometric functions
21012 =item TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS
21018 =item ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO
21020 =item SIMPLE (REAL) ARGUMENTS, COMPLEX RESULTS
21024 =item PLANE ANGLE CONVERSIONS
21026 =item RADIAL COORDINATE CONVERSIONS
21030 =item COORDINATE SYSTEMS
21032 =item 3-D ANGLE CONVERSIONS
21034 cartesian_to_cylindrical, cartesian_to_spherical, cylindrical_to_cartesian,
21035 cylindrical_to_spherical, spherical_to_cartesian, spherical_to_cylindrical
21039 =item GREAT CIRCLE DISTANCES AND DIRECTIONS
21045 =item CAVEAT FOR GREAT CIRCLE FORMULAS
21055 =head2 Memoize - Make functions faster by trading space for time
21073 =item C<SCALAR_CACHE>, C<LIST_CACHE>
21075 C<MEMORY>, C<HASH>, C<TIE>, C<FAULT>, C<MERGE>
21079 =item OTHER FACILITIES
21085 =item C<flush_cache>
21091 =item PERSISTENT CACHE SUPPORT
21093 =item EXPIRATION SUPPORT
21101 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
21107 =head2 Memoize::AnyDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for AnyDBM_File for
21116 =head2 Memoize::Expire - Plug-in module for automatic expiration of
21127 TIEHASH, EXISTS, STORE
21139 =head2 Memoize::ExpireFile - test for Memoize expiration semantics
21147 =head2 Memoize::ExpireTest - test for Memoize expiration semantics
21155 =head2 Memoize::NDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for NDBM_File for
21164 =head2 Memoize::SDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for SDBM_File for
21173 =head2 Memoize::Storable - store Memoized data in Storable database
21181 =head2 Module::CoreList - what modules shipped with versions of perl
21201 =head2 NDBM_File - Tied access to ndbm files
21209 C<O_RDONLY>, C<O_WRONLY>, C<O_RDWR>
21215 =item C<ndbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...>
21219 =item BUGS AND WARNINGS
21223 =head2 NEXT - Provide a pseudo-class NEXT (et al) that allows method
21234 =item Enforcing redispatch
21236 =item Avoiding repetitions
21238 =item Invoking all versions of a method with a single call
21240 =item Using C<EVERY> methods
21246 =item BUGS AND IRRITATIONS
21252 =head2 Net::Cmd - Network Command class (as used by FTP, SMTP etc)
21262 debug ( VALUE ), message (), code (), ok (), status (), datasend ( DATA ),
21265 =item CLASS METHODS
21267 debug_print ( DIR, TEXT ), debug_text ( TEXT ), command ( CMD [, ARGS, ...
21268 ]), unsupported (), response (), parse_response ( TEXT ), getline (),
21269 ungetline ( TEXT ), rawdatasend ( DATA ), read_until_dot (), tied_fh ()
21279 =head2 Net::Config - Local configuration data for libnet
21289 requires_firewall HOST
21291 =item NetConfig VALUES
21293 nntp_hosts, snpp_hosts, pop3_hosts, smtp_hosts, ph_hosts, daytime_hosts,
21294 time_hosts, inet_domain, ftp_firewall, ftp_firewall_type, ftp_ext_passive,
21295 ftp_int_passive, local_netmask, test_hosts, test_exists
21299 =head2 Net::Domain - Attempt to evaluate the current host's internet name
21308 hostfqdn (), domainname (), hostname (), hostdomain ()
21316 =head2 Net::FTP - FTP Client class
21328 new ([ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ])
21332 login ([LOGIN [,PASSWORD [, ACCOUNT] ] ]), authorize ( [AUTH [, RESP]]),
21333 site (ARGS), ascii, binary, rename ( OLDNAME, NEWNAME ), delete ( FILENAME
21334 ), cwd ( [ DIR ] ), cdup (), pwd (), restart ( WHERE ), rmdir ( DIR [,
21335 RECURSE ]), mkdir ( DIR [, RECURSE ]), alloc ( SIZE [, RECORD_SIZE] ), ls (
21336 [ DIR ] ), dir ( [ DIR ] ), get ( REMOTE_FILE [, LOCAL_FILE [, WHERE]] ),
21337 put ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] ), put_unique ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE
21338 ] ), append ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] ), unique_name (), mdtm ( FILE ),
21339 size ( FILE ), supported ( CMD ), hash ( [FILEHANDLE_GLOB_REF],[
21340 BYTES_PER_HASH_MARK] ), nlst ( [ DIR ] ), list ( [ DIR ] ), retr ( FILE ),
21341 stor ( FILE ), stou ( FILE ), appe ( FILE ), port ( [ PORT ] ), pasv (),
21342 pasv_xfer ( SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER [, DEST_FILE ] ), pasv_xfer_unique (
21343 SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER [, DEST_FILE ] ), pasv_wait ( NON_PASV_SERVER ),
21348 =item Methods for the adventurous
21354 =item THE dataconn CLASS
21356 read ( BUFFER, SIZE [, TIMEOUT ] ), write ( BUFFER, SIZE [, TIMEOUT ] ),
21357 bytes_read (), abort (), close ()
21359 =item UNIMPLEMENTED
21361 B<SMNT>, B<HELP>, B<MODE>, B<SYST>, B<STAT>, B<STRU>, B<REIN>
21363 =item REPORTING BUGS
21371 http://www.csh.rit.edu/~adam/Progs/
21379 =head2 Net::NNTP - NNTP Client class
21389 new ( [ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ])
21393 article ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), body ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), head (
21394 [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), articlefh ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), bodyfh ( [
21395 MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), headfh ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), nntpstat ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ]
21396 ), group ( [ GROUP ] ), ihave ( MSGID [, MESSAGE ]), last (), date (),
21397 postok (), authinfo ( USER, PASS ), list (), newgroups ( SINCE [,
21398 DISTRIBUTIONS ]), newnews ( SINCE [, GROUPS [, DISTRIBUTIONS ]]), next (),
21399 post ( [ MESSAGE ] ), postfh (), slave (), quit ()
21403 =item Extension methods
21405 newsgroups ( [ PATTERN ] ), distributions (), subscriptions (),
21406 overview_fmt (), active_times (), active ( [ PATTERN ] ), xgtitle ( PATTERN
21407 ), xhdr ( HEADER, MESSAGE-SPEC ), xover ( MESSAGE-SPEC ), xpath (
21408 MESSAGE-ID ), xpat ( HEADER, PATTERN, MESSAGE-SPEC), xrover, listgroup ( [
21417 MESSAGE-SPEC, PATTERN, Examples, C<[^]-]>, C<*bdc>, C<[0-9a-zA-Z]>, C<a??d>
21427 =head2 Net::POP3 - Post Office Protocol 3 Client class (RFC1939)
21437 new ( [ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ] 0
21441 auth ( USERNAME, PASSWORD ), user ( USER ), pass ( PASS ), login ( [ USER
21442 [, PASS ]] ), apop ( [ USER [, PASS ]] ), banner (), capa (), capabilities
21443 (), top ( MSGNUM [, NUMLINES ] ), list ( [ MSGNUM ] ), get ( MSGNUM [, FH ]
21444 ), getfh ( MSGNUM ), last (), popstat (), ping ( USER ), uidl ( [ MSGNUM ]
21445 ), delete ( MSGNUM ), reset (), quit ()
21457 =head2 Net::Ping - check a remote host for reachability
21469 Net::Ping->new([$proto [, $def_timeout [, $bytes [, $device [, $tos
21470 ]]]]]);, $p->ping($host [, $timeout]);, $p->source_verify( { 0 | 1 } );,
21471 $p->service_check( { 0 | 1 } );, $p->tcp_service_check( { 0 | 1 } );,
21472 $p->hires( { 0 | 1 } );, $p->bind($local_addr);, $p->open($host);, $p->ack(
21473 [ $host ] );, $p->nack( $failed_ack_host );, $p->close();, pingecho($host
21490 =head2 Net::SMTP - Simple Mail Transfer Protocol Client
21502 new ( [ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ] )
21506 banner (), domain (), hello ( DOMAIN ), host (), etrn ( DOMAIN ), auth (
21507 USERNAME, PASSWORD ), mail ( ADDRESS [, OPTIONS] ), send ( ADDRESS ),
21508 send_or_mail ( ADDRESS ), send_and_mail ( ADDRESS ), reset (), recipient (
21509 ADDRESS [, ADDRESS, [...]] [, OPTIONS ] ), to ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]]
21510 ), cc ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), bcc ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ),
21511 data ( [ DATA ] ), expand ( ADDRESS ), verify ( ADDRESS ), help ( [
21512 $subject ] ), quit ()
21524 =head2 Net::Time - time and daytime network client interface
21532 inet_time ( [HOST [, PROTOCOL [, TIMEOUT]]]), inet_daytime ( [HOST [,
21533 PROTOCOL [, TIMEOUT]]])
21541 =head2 Net::hostent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gethost*()
21558 =head2 Net::libnetFAQ, libnetFAQ - libnet Frequently Asked Questions
21566 =item Where to get this document
21568 =item How to contribute to this document
21572 =item Author and Copyright Information
21580 =item Obtaining and installing libnet
21584 =item What is libnet ?
21586 =item Which version of perl do I need ?
21588 =item What other modules do I need ?
21590 =item What machines support libnet ?
21592 =item Where can I get the latest libnet release
21596 =item Using Net::FTP
21600 =item How do I download files from an FTP server ?
21602 =item How do I transfer files in binary mode ?
21604 =item How can I get the size of a file on a remote FTP server ?
21606 =item How can I get the modification time of a file on a remote FTP server
21609 =item How can I change the permissions of a file on a remote server ?
21611 =item Can I do a reget operation like the ftp command ?
21613 =item How do I get a directory listing from an FTP server ?
21615 =item Changing directory to "" does not fail ?
21617 =item I am behind a SOCKS firewall, but the Firewall option does not work ?
21619 =item I am behind an FTP proxy firewall, but cannot access machines outside
21622 =item My ftp proxy firewall does not listen on port 21
21624 =item Is it possible to change the file permissions of a file on an FTP
21627 =item I have seen scripts call a method message, but cannot find it
21630 =item Why does Net::FTP not implement mput and mget methods
21634 =item Using Net::SMTP
21638 =item Why can't the part of an Email address after the @ be used as the
21641 =item Why does Net::SMTP not do DNS MX lookups ?
21643 =item The verify method always returns true ?
21647 =item Debugging scripts
21651 =item How can I debug my scripts that use Net::* modules ?
21655 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
21659 =head2 Net::netent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getnet*()
21676 =head2 Net::protoent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getproto*()
21691 =head2 Net::servent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getserv*()
21708 =head2 Netrc, Net::Netrc - OO interface to users netrc file
21716 =item THE .netrc FILE
21718 machine name, default, login name, password string, account string, macdef
21723 lookup ( MACHINE [, LOGIN ])
21727 login (), password (), account (), lpa ()
21737 =head2 O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends
21747 =item IMPLEMENTATION
21755 =head2 ODBM_File - Tied access to odbm files
21763 C<O_RDONLY>, C<O_WRONLY>, C<O_RDWR>
21769 =item C<odbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...>
21773 =item BUGS AND WARNINGS
21777 =head2 Opcode - Disable named opcodes when compiling perl code
21789 =item Operator Names and Operator Lists
21791 an operator name (opname), an operator tag name (optag), a negated opname
21792 or optag, an operator set (opset)
21794 =item Opcode Functions
21796 opcodes, opset (OP, ...), opset_to_ops (OPSET), opset_to_hex (OPSET),
21797 full_opset, empty_opset, invert_opset (OPSET), verify_opset (OPSET, ...),
21798 define_optag (OPTAG, OPSET), opmask_add (OPSET), opmask, opdesc (OP, ...),
21801 =item Manipulating Opsets
21803 =item TO DO (maybe)
21809 =item Predefined Opcode Tags
21811 :base_core, :base_mem, :base_loop, :base_io, :base_orig, :base_math,
21812 :base_thread, :default, :filesys_read, :sys_db, :browse, :filesys_open,
21813 :filesys_write, :subprocess, :ownprocess, :others, :still_to_be_decided,
21822 =head2 Opcode::Safe, Safe - Compile and execute code in restricted
21831 a new namespace, an operator mask
21837 =item RECENT CHANGES
21839 =item Methods in class Safe
21841 permit (OP, ...), permit_only (OP, ...), deny (OP, ...), deny_only (OP,
21842 ...), trap (OP, ...), untrap (OP, ...), share (NAME, ...), share_from
21843 (PACKAGE, ARRAYREF), varglob (VARNAME), reval (STRING), rdo (FILENAME),
21844 root (NAMESPACE), mask (MASK)
21846 =item Some Safety Issues
21848 Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes
21856 =head2 Opcode::ops, ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when
21869 =head2 POSIX - Perl interface to IEEE Std 1003.1
21883 _exit, abort, abs, access, acos, alarm, asctime, asin, assert, atan, atan2,
21884 atexit, atof, atoi, atol, bsearch, calloc, ceil, chdir, chmod, chown,
21885 clearerr, clock, close, closedir, cos, cosh, creat, ctermid, ctime,
21886 cuserid, difftime, div, dup, dup2, errno, execl, execle, execlp, execv,
21887 execve, execvp, exit, exp, fabs, fclose, fcntl, fdopen, feof, ferror,
21888 fflush, fgetc, fgetpos, fgets, fileno, floor, fmod, fopen, fork, fpathconf,
21889 fprintf, fputc, fputs, fread, free, freopen, frexp, fscanf, fseek, fsetpos,
21890 fstat, fsync, ftell, fwrite, getc, getchar, getcwd, getegid, getenv,
21891 geteuid, getgid, getgrgid, getgrnam, getgroups, getlogin, getpgrp, getpid,
21892 getppid, getpwnam, getpwuid, gets, getuid, gmtime, isalnum, isalpha,
21893 isatty, iscntrl, isdigit, isgraph, islower, isprint, ispunct, isspace,
21894 isupper, isxdigit, kill, labs, ldexp, ldiv, link, localeconv, localtime,
21895 log, log10, longjmp, lseek, malloc, mblen, mbstowcs, mbtowc, memchr,
21896 memcmp, memcpy, memmove, memset, mkdir, mkfifo, mktime, modf, nice,
21897 offsetof, open, opendir, pathconf, pause, perror, pipe, pow, printf, putc,
21898 putchar, puts, qsort, raise, rand, read, readdir, realloc, remove, rename,
21899 rewind, rewinddir, rmdir, scanf, setgid, setjmp, setlocale, setpgid,
21900 setsid, setuid, sigaction, siglongjmp, sigpending, sigprocmask, sigsetjmp,
21901 sigsuspend, sin, sinh, sleep, sprintf, sqrt, srand, sscanf, stat, strcat,
21902 strchr, strcmp, strcoll, strcpy, strcspn, strerror, strftime, strlen,
21903 strncat, strncmp, strncpy, strpbrk, strrchr, strspn, strstr, strtod,
21904 strtok, strtol, strtoul, strxfrm, sysconf, system, tan, tanh, tcdrain,
21905 tcflow, tcflush, tcgetpgrp, tcsendbreak, tcsetpgrp, time, times, tmpfile,
21906 tmpnam, tolower, toupper, ttyname, tzname, tzset, umask, uname, ungetc,
21907 unlink, utime, vfprintf, vprintf, vsprintf, wait, waitpid, wcstombs,
21914 =item POSIX::SigAction
21916 new, handler, mask, flags, safe
21920 %SIGRT, SIGRTMIN, SIGRTMAX
21922 =item POSIX::SigSet
21924 new, addset, delset, emptyset, fillset, ismember
21926 =item POSIX::Termios
21928 new, getattr, getcc, getcflag, getiflag, getispeed, getlflag, getoflag,
21929 getospeed, setattr, setcc, setcflag, setiflag, setispeed, setlflag,
21930 setoflag, setospeed, Baud rate values, Terminal interface values, c_cc
21931 field values, c_cflag field values, c_iflag field values, c_lflag field
21932 values, c_oflag field values
21936 =item PATHNAME CONSTANTS
21940 =item POSIX CONSTANTS
21944 =item SYSTEM CONFIGURATION
21998 Constants, WNOHANG, WUNTRACED, Macros, WIFEXITED, WEXITSTATUS, WIFSIGNALED,
21999 WTERMSIG, WIFSTOPPED, WSTOPSIG
22003 =head2 PerlIO - On demand loader for PerlIO layers and root of PerlIO::*
22012 :unix, :stdio, :perlio, :crlf, :mmap, :utf8, :bytes, :raw, :pop, :win32
22016 =item Custom Layers
22020 =item Alternatives to raw
22022 =item Defaults and how to override them
22024 =item Querying the layers of filehandles
22034 =head2 PerlIO::encoding - encoding layer
22046 =head2 PerlIO::scalar - in-memory IO, scalar IO
22054 =item IMPLEMENTATION NOTE
22058 =head2 PerlIO::via - Helper class for PerlIO layers implemented in perl
22066 =item EXPECTED METHODS
22068 $class->PUSHED([$mode[,$fh]]), $obj->POPPED([$fh]),
22069 $obj->UTF8($bellowFlag,[$fh]), $obj->OPEN($path,$mode[,$fh]),
22070 $obj->BINMODE([,$fh]), $obj->FDOPEN($fd[,$fh]),
22071 $obj->SYSOPEN($path,$imode,$perm,[,$fh]), $obj->FILENO($fh),
22072 $obj->READ($buffer,$len,$fh), $obj->WRITE($buffer,$fh), $obj->FILL($fh),
22073 $obj->CLOSE($fh), $obj->SEEK($posn,$whence,$fh), $obj->TELL($fh),
22074 $obj->UNREAD($buffer,$fh), $obj->FLUSH($fh), $obj->SETLINEBUF($fh),
22075 $obj->CLEARERR($fh), $obj->ERROR($fh), $obj->EOF($fh)
22081 =item Example - a Hexadecimal Handle
22087 =head2 PerlIO::via::QuotedPrint - PerlIO layer for quoted-printable strings
22095 =item REQUIRED MODULES
22099 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
22105 =head2 Pod::Checker, podchecker() - check pod documents for syntax errors
22111 =item OPTIONS/ARGUMENTS
22117 B<-warnings> =E<gt> I<val>
22129 empty =headn, =over on line I<N> without closing =back, =item without
22130 previous =over, =back without previous =over, No argument for =begin, =end
22131 without =begin, Nested =begin's, =for without formatter specification,
22132 unresolved internal link I<NAME>, Unknown command "I<CMD>", Unknown
22133 interior-sequence "I<SEQ>", nested commands
22134 I<CMD>E<lt>...I<CMD>E<lt>...E<gt>...E<gt>, garbled entity I<STRING>, Entity
22135 number out of range, malformed link LE<lt>E<gt>, nonempty ZE<lt>E<gt>,
22136 empty XE<lt>E<gt>, Spurious text after =pod / =cut, Spurious character(s)
22141 multiple occurrence of link target I<name>, line containing nothing but
22142 whitespace in paragraph, file does not start with =head, previous =item has
22143 no contents, preceding non-item paragraph(s), =item type mismatch (I<one>
22144 vs. I<two>), I<N> unescaped C<E<lt>E<gt>> in paragraph, Unknown entity, No
22145 items in =over, No argument for =item, empty section in previous paragraph,
22146 Verbatim paragraph in NAME section, =headI<n> without preceding higher
22151 ignoring leading/trailing whitespace in link, (section) in '$page'
22152 deprecated, alternative text/node '%s' contains non-escaped | or /
22164 C<Pod::Checker-E<gt>new( %options )>
22166 C<$checker-E<gt>poderror( @args )>, C<$checker-E<gt>poderror( {%opts},
22169 C<$checker-E<gt>num_errors()>
22171 C<$checker-E<gt>num_warnings()>
22173 C<$checker-E<gt>name()>
22175 C<$checker-E<gt>node()>
22177 C<$checker-E<gt>idx()>
22179 C<$checker-E<gt>hyperlink()>
22187 =head2 Pod::Escapes -- for resolving Pod EE<lt>...E<gt> sequences
22197 e2char($e_content), e2charnum($e_content), $Name2character{I<name>},
22198 $Name2character_number{I<name>}, $Latin1Code_to_fallback{I<integer>},
22199 $Latin1Char_to_fallback{I<character>}, $Code2USASCII{I<integer>}
22205 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
22211 =head2 Pod::Find - find POD documents in directory trees
22223 =item C<pod_find( { %opts } , @directories )>
22225 C<-verbose =E<gt> 1>, C<-perl =E<gt> 1>, C<-script =E<gt> 1>, C<-inc =E<gt>
22232 =item C<simplify_name( $str )>
22238 =item C<pod_where( { %opts }, $pod )>
22240 C<-inc =E<gt> 1>, C<-dirs =E<gt> [ $dir1, $dir2, ... ]>, C<-verbose =E<gt>
22247 =item C<contains_pod( $file , $verbose )>
22259 =head2 Pod::Html - module to convert pod files to HTML
22269 backlink, cachedir, css, flush, header, help, hiddendirs, htmldir,
22270 htmlroot, index, infile, libpods, netscape, outfile, podpath, podroot,
22271 quiet, recurse, title, verbose
22285 =head2 Pod::InputObjects - objects representing POD input paragraphs,
22298 package B<Pod::InputSource>, package B<Pod::Paragraph>, package
22299 B<Pod::InteriorSequence>, package B<Pod::ParseTree>
22305 =item B<Pod::InputSource>
22329 =item B<was_cutting()>
22335 =item B<Pod::Paragraph>
22341 =item Pod::Paragraph-E<gt>B<new()>
22347 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<cmd_name()>
22353 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<text()>
22359 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<raw_text()>
22365 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<cmd_prefix()>
22371 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<cmd_separator()>
22377 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<parse_tree()>
22383 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<file_line()>
22389 =item B<Pod::InteriorSequence>
22395 =item Pod::InteriorSequence-E<gt>B<new()>
22401 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<cmd_name()>
22407 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<prepend()>
22413 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<append()>
22419 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<nested()>
22425 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<raw_text()>
22431 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<left_delimiter()>
22437 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<right_delimiter()>
22443 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<parse_tree()>
22449 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<file_line()>
22455 =item Pod::InteriorSequence::B<DESTROY()>
22461 =item B<Pod::ParseTree>
22467 =item Pod::ParseTree-E<gt>B<new()>
22473 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<top()>
22479 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<children()>
22485 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<prepend()>
22491 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<append()>
22497 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<raw_text()>
22503 =item Pod::ParseTree::B<DESTROY()>
22515 =head2 Pod::LaTeX - Convert Pod data to formatted Latex
22527 =item OBJECT METHODS
22535 =item Data Accessors
22551 B<ReplaceNAMEwithSection>
22553 B<StartWithNewPage>
22567 =item Subclassed methods
22581 B<interior_sequence>
22597 =item Methods for headings
22605 =item Internal methods
22611 B<_replace_special_chars>
22613 B<_replace_special_chars_late>
22619 B<_clean_latex_commands>
22621 B<_split_delimited>
22637 =head2 Pod::Man - Convert POD data to formatted *roff input
22645 center, date, fixed, fixedbold, fixeditalic, fixedbolditalic, name, quotes,
22650 roff font should be 1 or 2 chars, not "%s", Invalid quote specification
22659 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
22665 =head2 Pod::ParseLink - Parse an LE<lt>E<gt> formatting code in POD text
22677 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
22681 =head2 Pod::ParseUtils - helpers for POD parsing and conversion
22695 Pod::List-E<gt>new()
22703 $list-E<gt>indent()
22711 $list-E<gt>parent()
22717 =item Pod::Hyperlink
22719 Pod::Hyperlink-E<gt>new()
22723 $link-E<gt>parse($string)
22725 $link-E<gt>markup($string)
22729 $link-E<gt>warning()
22731 $link-E<gt>file(), $link-E<gt>line()
22737 $link-E<gt>alttext()
22747 Pod::Cache-E<gt>new()
22753 $cache-E<gt>find_page($name)
22757 =item Pod::Cache::Item
22759 Pod::Cache::Item-E<gt>new()
22763 $cacheitem-E<gt>page()
22765 $cacheitem-E<gt>description()
22767 $cacheitem-E<gt>path()
22769 $cacheitem-E<gt>file()
22771 $cacheitem-E<gt>nodes()
22773 $cacheitem-E<gt>find_node($name)
22775 $cacheitem-E<gt>idx()
22785 =head2 Pod::Parser - base class for creating POD filters and translators
22797 =item QUICK OVERVIEW
22799 =item PARSING OPTIONS
22801 B<-want_nonPODs> (default: unset), B<-process_cut_cmd> (default: unset),
22802 B<-warnings> (default: unset)
22808 =item RECOMMENDED SUBROUTINE/METHOD OVERRIDES
22816 C<$cmd>, C<$text>, C<$line_num>, C<$pod_para>
22822 =item B<verbatim()>
22824 C<$text>, C<$line_num>, C<$pod_para>
22830 =item B<textblock()>
22832 C<$text>, C<$line_num>, C<$pod_para>
22838 =item B<interior_sequence()>
22844 =item OPTIONAL SUBROUTINE/METHOD OVERRIDES
22856 =item B<initialize()>
22862 =item B<begin_pod()>
22868 =item B<begin_input()>
22874 =item B<end_input()>
22886 =item B<preprocess_line()>
22892 =item B<preprocess_paragraph()>
22898 =item METHODS FOR PARSING AND PROCESSING
22904 =item B<parse_text()>
22906 B<-expand_seq> =E<gt> I<code-ref>|I<method-name>, B<-expand_text> =E<gt>
22907 I<code-ref>|I<method-name>, B<-expand_ptree> =E<gt>
22908 I<code-ref>|I<method-name>
22914 =item B<interpolate()>
22920 =item B<parse_paragraph()>
22926 =item B<parse_from_filehandle()>
22932 =item B<parse_from_file()>
22938 =item ACCESSOR METHODS
22944 =item B<errorsub()>
22956 =item B<parseopts()>
22962 =item B<output_file()>
22968 =item B<output_handle()>
22974 =item B<input_file()>
22980 =item B<input_handle()>
22986 =item B<input_streams()>
22992 =item B<top_stream()>
22998 =item PRIVATE METHODS AND DATA
23004 =item B<_push_input_stream()>
23010 =item B<_pop_input_stream()>
23016 =item TREE-BASED PARSING
23024 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToChecker - let Perldoc check Pod for errors
23034 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
23040 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToMan - let Perldoc render Pod as man pages
23052 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
23058 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToNroff - let Perldoc convert Pod to nroff
23070 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
23076 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToPod - let Perldoc render Pod as ... Pod!
23086 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
23092 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToRtf - let Perldoc render Pod as RTF
23102 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
23108 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToText - let Perldoc render Pod as plaintext
23120 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
23126 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToTk - let Perldoc use Tk::Pod to render Pod
23140 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToXml - let Perldoc render Pod as XML
23150 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
23156 =head2 Pod::PlainText - Convert POD data to formatted ASCII text
23164 alt, indent, loose, sentence, width
23168 Bizarre space in item, Can't open %s for reading: %s, Unknown escape: %s,
23169 Unknown sequence: %s, Unmatched =back
23181 =head2 Pod::Plainer - Perl extension for converting Pod to old style Pod.
23201 =head2 Pod::Select, podselect() - extract selected sections of POD from
23214 =item SECTION SPECIFICATIONS
23216 =item RANGE SPECIFICATIONS
23222 =item OBJECT METHODS
23228 =item B<curr_headings()>
23240 =item B<add_selection()>
23246 =item B<clear_selections()>
23252 =item B<match_section()>
23258 =item B<is_selected()>
23264 =item EXPORTED FUNCTIONS
23270 =item B<podselect()>
23272 B<-output>, B<-sections>, B<-ranges>
23278 =item PRIVATE METHODS AND DATA
23284 =item B<_compile_section_spec()>
23290 =item $self->{_SECTION_HEADINGS}
23296 =item $self->{_SELECTED_SECTIONS}
23308 =head2 Pod::Simple - framework for parsing Pod
23318 C<< $parser = I<SomeClass>->new(); >>, C<< $parser->output_fh( *OUT ); >>,
23319 C<< $parser->output_string( \$somestring ); >>, C<< $parser->parse_file(
23320 I<$some_filename> ); >>, C<< $parser->parse_file( *INPUT_FH ); >>, C<<
23321 $parser->parse_string_document( I<$all_content> ); >>, C<<
23322 $parser->parse_lines( I<...@lines...>, undef ); >>, C<<
23323 $parser->content_seen >>, C<< I<SomeClass>->filter( I<$filename> ); >>, C<<
23324 I<SomeClass>->filter( I<*INPUT_FH> ); >>, C<< I<SomeClass>->filter(
23325 I<\$document_content> ); >>
23327 =item SECONDARY METHODS
23329 C<< $parser->no_whining( I<SOMEVALUE> ) >>, C<< $parser->no_errata_section(
23330 I<SOMEVALUE> ) >>, C<< $parser->complain_stderr( I<SOMEVALUE> ) >>, C<<
23331 $parser->source_filename >>, C<< $parser->doc_has_started >>, C<<
23332 $parser->source_dead >>
23338 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
23344 =head2 Pod::Simple::Checker -- check the Pod syntax of a document
23354 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
23360 =head2 Pod::Simple::Debug -- put Pod::Simple into trace/debug mode
23374 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
23380 =head2 Pod::Simple::DumpAsText -- dump Pod-parsing events as text
23390 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
23396 =head2 Pod::Simple::DumpAsXML -- turn Pod into XML
23406 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
23412 =head2 Pod::Simple::HTML - convert Pod to HTML
23420 =item CALLING FROM THE COMMAND LINE
23422 =item CALLING FROM PERL
23430 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
23436 =head2 Pod::Simple::HTMLBatch - convert several Pod files to several HTML
23447 =item FROM THE COMMAND LINE
23453 $batchconv = Pod::Simple::HTMLBatch->new;, $batchconv->batch_convert(
23454 I<indirs>, I<outdir> );, $batchconv->batch_convert( undef , ...);,
23455 $batchconv->batch_convert( q{@INC}, ...);, $batchconv->batch_convert(
23456 \@dirs , ...);, $batchconv->batch_convert( "somedir" , ...);,
23457 $batchconv->batch_convert( 'somedir:someother:also' , ...);,
23458 $batchconv->batch_convert( ... , undef );, $batchconv->batch_convert( ... ,
23463 =item ACCESSOR METHODS
23465 $batchconv->verbose( I<nonnegative_integer> );, $batchconv->index(
23466 I<true-or-false> );, $batchconv->contents_file( I<filename> );,
23467 $batchconv->contents_page_start( I<HTML_string> );,
23468 $batchconv->contents_page_end( I<HTML_string> );, $batchconv->add_css( $url
23469 );, $batchconv->add_javascript( $url );, $batchconv->css_flurry(
23470 I<true-or-false> );, $batchconv->javascript_flurry( I<true-or-false> );,
23471 $batchconv->no_contents_links( I<true-or-false> );,
23472 $batchconv->html_render_class( I<classname> );
23476 =item NOTES ON CUSTOMIZATION
23482 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
23488 =head2 Pod::Simple::LinkSection -- represent "section" attributes of L
23499 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
23505 =head2 Pod::Simple::Methody -- turn Pod::Simple events into method calls
23513 =item METHOD CALLING
23517 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
23523 =head2 Pod::Simple::PullParser -- a pull-parser interface to parsing Pod
23533 my $token = $parser->get_token, $parser->unget_token( $token ),
23534 $parser->unget_token( $token1, $token2, ... ), $parser->set_source(
23535 $filename ), $parser->set_source( $filehandle_object ),
23536 $parser->set_source( \$document_source ), $parser->set_source(
23537 \@document_lines ), $parser->parse_file(...),
23538 $parser->parse_string_document(...), $parser->filter(...),
23539 $parser->parse_from_file(...), my $title_string = $parser->get_title, my
23540 $title_string = $parser->get_short_title, $author_name =
23541 $parser->get_author, $description_name = $parser->get_description,
23542 $version_block = $parser->get_version
23548 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
23554 =head2 Pod::Simple::PullParserEndToken -- end-tokens from
23555 Pod::Simple::PullParser
23563 $token->tagname, $token->tagname(I<somestring>), $token->tag(...),
23564 $token->is_tag(I<somestring>) or $token->is_tagname(I<somestring>)
23568 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
23574 =head2 Pod::Simple::PullParserStartToken -- start-tokens from
23575 Pod::Simple::PullParser
23583 $token->tagname, $token->tagname(I<somestring>), $token->tag(...),
23584 $token->is_tag(I<somestring>) or $token->is_tagname(I<somestring>),
23585 $token->attr(I<attrname>), $token->attr(I<attrname>, I<newvalue>),
23590 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
23596 =head2 Pod::Simple::PullParserTextToken -- text-tokens from
23597 Pod::Simple::PullParser
23605 $token->text, $token->text(I<somestring>), $token->text_r()
23609 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
23615 =head2 Pod::Simple::PullParserToken -- tokens from Pod::Simple::PullParser
23623 $token->type, $token->is_start, $token->is_text, $token->is_end,
23628 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
23634 =head2 Pod::Simple::RTF -- format Pod as RTF
23642 =item FORMAT CONTROL ATTRIBUTES
23644 $parser->head1_halfpoint_size( I<halfpoint_integer> );,
23645 $parser->head2_halfpoint_size( I<halfpoint_integer> );,
23646 $parser->head3_halfpoint_size( I<halfpoint_integer> );,
23647 $parser->head4_halfpoint_size( I<halfpoint_integer> );,
23648 $parser->codeblock_halfpoint_size( I<halfpoint_integer> );,
23649 $parser->header_halfpoint_size( I<halfpoint_integer> );,
23650 $parser->normal_halfpoint_size( I<halfpoint_integer> );,
23651 $parser->no_proofing_exemptions( I<true_or_false> );, $parser->doc_lang(
23652 I<microsoft_decimal_language_code> )
23656 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
23662 =head2 Pod::Simple::Search - find POD documents in directory trees
23674 $search->inc( I<true-or-false> );, $search->verbose( I<nonnegative-number>
23675 );, $search->limit_glob( I<some-glob-string> );, $search->callback(
23676 I<\&some_routine> );, $search->laborious( I<true-or-false> );,
23677 $search->shadows( I<true-or-false> );, $search->limit_re( I<some-regxp> );,
23678 $search->dir_prefix( I<some-string-value> );, $search->progress(
23679 I<some-progress-object> );, $name2path = $self->name2path;, $path2name =
23682 =item MAIN SEARCH METHODS
23686 =item C<< $search->survey( @directories ) >>
23688 C<name2path>, C<path2name>
23690 =item C<< $search->simplify_name( $str ) >>
23692 =item C<< $search->find( $pod ) >>
23694 =item C<< $search->find( $pod, @search_dirs ) >>
23696 =item C<< $self->contains_pod( $file ) >>
23706 =head2 Pod::Simple::Subclassing -- write a formatter as a Pod::Simple
23717 C<< $parser->_handle_element_start( I<element_name>, I<attr_hashref> ) >>,
23718 C<< $parser->_handle_element_end( I<element_name> ) >>, C<<
23719 $parser->_handle_text( I<text_string> ) >>, events with an element_name
23720 of Document, events with an element_name of Para, events with an
23721 element_name of B, C, F, or I, events with an element_name of S, events
23722 with an element_name of X, events with an element_name of L, events with an
23723 element_name of E or Z, events with an element_name of Verbatim, events
23724 with an element_name of head1 .. head4, events with an element_name of
23725 over-bullet, events with an element_name of over-number, events with an
23726 element_name of over-text, events with an element_name of over-block,
23727 events with an element_name of item-bullet, events with an element_name of
23728 item-number, events with an element_name of item-text, events with an
23729 element_name of for, events with an element_name of Data
23731 =item More Pod::Simple Methods
23733 C<< $parser->accept_targets( I<SOMEVALUE> ) >>, C<<
23734 $parser->accept_targets_as_text( I<SOMEVALUE> ) >>, C<<
23735 $parser->accept_codes( I<Codename>, I<Codename>... ) >>, C<<
23736 $parser->accept_directive_as_data( I<directive_name> ) >>, C<<
23737 $parser->accept_directive_as_verbatim( I<directive_name> ) >>, C<<
23738 $parser->accept_directive_as_processed( I<directive_name> ) >>, C<<
23739 $parser->nbsp_for_S( I<BOOLEAN> ); >>, C<< $parser->version_report() >>,
23740 C<< $parser->pod_para_count() >>, C<< $parser->line_count() >>, C<<
23741 $parser->nix_X_codes( I<SOMEVALUE> ) >>, C<< $parser->merge_text(
23742 I<SOMEVALUE> ) >>, C<< $parser->code_handler( I<CODE_REF> ) >>, C<<
23743 $parser->cut_handler( I<CODE_REF> ) >>, C<< $parser->whine(
23744 I<linenumber>, I<complaint string> ) >>, C<< $parser->scream(
23745 I<linenumber>, I<complaint string> ) >>, C<< $parser->source_dead(1) >>,
23746 C<< $parser->hide_line_numbers( I<SOMEVALUE> ) >>, C<< $parser->no_whining(
23747 I<SOMEVALUE> ) >>, C<< $parser->no_errata_section( I<SOMEVALUE> ) >>, C<<
23748 $parser->complain_stderr( I<SOMEVALUE> ) >>, C<< $parser->bare_output(
23749 I<SOMEVALUE> ) >>, C<< $parser->preserve_whitespace( I<SOMEVALUE> ) >>
23753 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
23759 =head2 Pod::Simple::Text -- format Pod as plaintext
23769 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
23775 =head2 Pod::Simple::TextContent -- get the text content of Pod
23785 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
23791 =head2 Pod::Simple::XMLOutStream -- turn Pod into XML
23801 =item ABOUT EXTENDING POD
23805 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
23811 =head2 Pod::SimpleTree, Pod::Simple::SimpleTree -- parse Pod into a simple
23822 =item Tree Contents
23826 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
23832 =head2 Pod::Text - Convert POD data to formatted ASCII text
23840 alt, code, indent, loose, margin, quotes, sentence, width
23844 Bizarre space in item, Item called without tag, Can't open %s for reading:
23845 %s, Invalid quote specification "%s"
23853 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
23857 =head2 Pod::Text::Color - Convert POD data to formatted color ASCII text
23871 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
23875 =head2 Pod::Text::Overstrike - Convert POD data to formatted overstrike
23890 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
23894 =head2 Pod::Text::Termcap - Convert POD data to ASCII text with format
23909 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
23913 =head2 Pod::Usage, pod2usage() - print a usage message from embedded pod
23922 C<-message>, C<-msg>, C<-exitval>, C<-verbose>, C<-sections>, C<-output>,
23923 C<-input>, C<-pathlist>, C<-noperldoc>
23931 =item Recommended Use
23939 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
23943 =head2 SDBM_File - Tied access to sdbm files
23951 C<O_RDONLY>, C<O_WRONLY>, C<O_RDWR>
23957 =item C<sdbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...>
23961 =item BUGS AND WARNINGS
23965 =head2 Safe - Compile and execute code in restricted compartments
23973 a new namespace, an operator mask
23979 =item RECENT CHANGES
23981 =item Methods in class Safe
23983 permit (OP, ...), permit_only (OP, ...), deny (OP, ...), deny_only (OP,
23984 ...), trap (OP, ...), untrap (OP, ...), share (NAME, ...), share_from
23985 (PACKAGE, ARRAYREF), varglob (VARNAME), reval (STRING), rdo (FILENAME),
23986 root (NAMESPACE), mask (MASK)
23988 =item Some Safety Issues
23990 Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes
23998 =head2 Scalar::Util - A selection of general-utility scalar subroutines
24006 blessed EXPR, dualvar NUM, STRING, isvstring EXPR, isweak EXPR,
24007 looks_like_number EXPR, openhandle FH, refaddr EXPR, reftype EXPR,
24008 set_prototype CODEREF, PROTOTYPE, tainted EXPR, weaken REF
24018 =head2 Search::Dict, look - search for key in dictionary file
24028 =head2 SelectSaver - save and restore selected file handle
24038 =head2 SelfLoader - load functions only on demand
24048 =item The __DATA__ token
24050 =item SelfLoader autoloading
24052 =item Autoloading and package lexicals
24054 =item SelfLoader and AutoLoader
24056 =item __DATA__, __END__, and the FOOBAR::DATA filehandle.
24058 =item Classes and inherited methods.
24062 =item Multiple packages and fully qualified subroutine names
24066 =head2 Shell - run shell commands transparently within perl
24078 =item Escaping Magic Characters
24080 =item Configuration
24090 =head2 Socket, sockaddr_in, sockaddr_un, inet_aton, inet_ntoa - load the C
24091 socket.h defines and structure manipulators
24099 inet_aton HOSTNAME, inet_ntoa IP_ADDRESS, INADDR_ANY, INADDR_BROADCAST,
24100 INADDR_LOOPBACK, INADDR_NONE, sockaddr_family SOCKADDR, sockaddr_in PORT,
24101 ADDRESS, sockaddr_in SOCKADDR_IN, pack_sockaddr_in PORT, IP_ADDRESS,
24102 unpack_sockaddr_in SOCKADDR_IN, sockaddr_un PATHNAME, sockaddr_un
24103 SOCKADDR_UN, pack_sockaddr_un PATH, unpack_sockaddr_un SOCKADDR_UN
24107 =head2 Storable - persistence for Perl data structures
24117 =item ADVISORY LOCKING
24121 =item CANONICAL REPRESENTATION
24123 =item CODE REFERENCES
24125 =item FORWARD COMPATIBILITY
24127 utf8 data, restricted hashes, files from future versions of Storable
24129 =item ERROR REPORTING
24137 C<STORABLE_freeze> I<obj>, I<cloning>, C<STORABLE_thaw> I<obj>, I<cloning>,
24138 I<serialized>, .., C<STORABLE_attach> I<class>, I<cloning>, I<serialized>
24142 C<Storable::last_op_in_netorder>, C<Storable::is_storing>,
24143 C<Storable::is_retrieving>
24151 =item Storable magic
24153 $info = Storable::file_magic( $filename ), C<version>, C<version_nv>,
24154 C<major>, C<minor>, C<hdrsize>, C<netorder>, C<byteorder>, C<intsize>,
24155 C<longsize>, C<ptrsize>, C<nvsize>, C<file>, $info = Storable::read_magic(
24156 $buffer ), $info = Storable::read_magic( $buffer, $must_be_file )
24166 =item 64 bit data in perl 5.6.0 and 5.6.1
24178 =head2 Switch - A switch statement for Perl
24192 =item Allowing fall-through
24194 =item Automating fall-through
24196 =item Alternative syntax
24198 =item Higher-order Operations
24214 =head2 Symbol - manipulate Perl symbols and their names
24226 =head2 Sys::Hostname - Try every conceivable way to get hostname
24238 =head2 Syslog, Sys::Syslog - Perl interface to the UNIX syslog(3) calls
24252 B<openlog($ident, $logopt, $facility)>, B<syslog($priority, $message)>,
24253 B<syslog($priority, $format, @args)>, B<Note>,
24254 B<setlogmask($mask_priority)>, B<setlogsock($sock_type)>,
24255 B<setlogsock($sock_type, $stream_location)> (added in 5.004_02),
24272 Invalid argument passed to setlogsock, no connection to syslog available,
24273 stream passed to setlogsock, but %s is not writable, stream passed to
24274 setlogsock, but could not find any device, tcp passed to setlogsock, but
24275 tcp service unavailable, syslog: expecting argument %s, syslog: invalid
24276 level/facility: %s, syslog: too many levels given: %s, syslog: too many
24277 facilities given: %s, syslog: level must be given, udp passed to
24278 setlogsock, but udp service unavailable, unix passed to setlogsock, but
24289 AnnoCPAN: Annotated CPAN documentation, CPAN Ratings, RT: CPAN's request
24290 tracker, Search CPAN
24296 =head2 Syslog::Syslog, Sys::Syslog - Perl interface to the UNIX syslog(3)
24311 B<openlog($ident, $logopt, $facility)>, B<syslog($priority, $message)>,
24312 B<syslog($priority, $format, @args)>, B<Note>,
24313 B<setlogmask($mask_priority)>, B<setlogsock($sock_type)>,
24314 B<setlogsock($sock_type, $stream_location)> (added in 5.004_02),
24331 Invalid argument passed to setlogsock, no connection to syslog available,
24332 stream passed to setlogsock, but %s is not writable, stream passed to
24333 setlogsock, but could not find any device, tcp passed to setlogsock, but
24334 tcp service unavailable, syslog: expecting argument %s, syslog: invalid
24335 level/facility: %s, syslog: too many levels given: %s, syslog: too many
24336 facilities given: %s, syslog: level must be given, udp passed to
24337 setlogsock, but udp service unavailable, unix passed to setlogsock, but
24348 AnnoCPAN: Annotated CPAN documentation, CPAN Ratings, RT: CPAN's request
24349 tracker, Search CPAN
24355 =head2 Term::ANSIColor - Color screen output using ANSI escape sequences
24365 Bad escape sequence %s, Bareword "%s" not allowed while "strict subs" in
24366 use, Invalid attribute name %s, Name "%s" used only once: possible typo, No
24367 comma allowed after filehandle, No name for escape sequence %s
24371 ANSI_COLORS_DISABLED
24381 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
24385 =head2 Term::Cap - Perl termcap interface
24401 B<Tgetent>, OSPEED, TERM
24403 B<Tpad>, B<$string>, B<$cnt>, B<$FH>
24405 B<Tputs>, B<$cap>, B<$cnt>, B<$FH>
24407 B<Tgoto>, B<$cap>, B<$col>, B<$row>, B<$FH>
24415 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
24423 =head2 Term::Complete - Perl word completion module
24431 E<lt>tabE<gt>, ^D, ^U, E<lt>delE<gt>, E<lt>bsE<gt>
24441 =head2 Term::ReadLine - Perl interface to various C<readline> packages.
24442 If no real package is found, substitutes stubs instead of basic functions.
24450 =item Minimal set of supported functions
24452 C<ReadLine>, C<new>, C<readline>, C<addhistory>, C<IN>, C<OUT>, C<MinLine>,
24453 C<findConsole>, Attribs, C<Features>
24455 =item Additional supported functions
24457 C<tkRunning>, C<ornaments>, C<newTTY>
24467 =head2 Test - provides a simple framework for writing test scripts
24475 =item QUICK START GUIDE
24481 C<plan(...)>, C<tests =E<gt> I<number>>, C<todo =E<gt> [I<1,5,14>]>,
24482 C<onfail =E<gt> sub { ... }>, C<onfail =E<gt> \&some_sub>
24492 C<skip(I<skip_if_true>, I<args...>)>
24498 NORMAL TESTS, SKIPPED TESTS, TODO TESTS
24502 =item BUGS and CAVEATS
24514 =head2 Test::Builder - Backend for building test libraries
24538 =item Setting up tests
24556 =item Running tests
24562 B<is_eq>, B<is_num>
24564 B<isnt_eq>, B<isnt_num>
24590 B<no_diag>, B<no_ending>, B<no_header>
24604 B<output>, B<failure_output>, B<todo_output>
24608 =item Test Status and Info
24644 =head2 Test::Builder::Module - Base class for test modules
24666 =head2 Test::Builder::Tester - test testsuites that have been built with
24689 test_test, title (synonym 'name', 'label'), skip_out, skip_err
24707 =head2 Test::Builder::Tester::Color - turn on colour in
24708 Test::Builder::Tester
24728 =head2 Test::Harness - Run Perl standard test scripts with statistics
24746 =item Configuration variables.
24748 C<$Test::Harness::Verbose>, C<$Test::Harness::switches>,
24749 C<$Test::Harness::Timer>
24753 B<Failed Test>, B<Stat>, B<Wstat>, B<Total>, B<Fail>, B<Failed>, B<List of
24780 C<All tests successful.\nFiles=%d, Tests=%d, %s>, C<FAILED tests
24781 %s\n\tFailed %d/%d tests, %.2f%% okay.>, C<Test returned status %d (wstat
24782 %d)>, C<Failed 1 test, %.2f%% okay. %s>, C<Failed %d/%d tests, %.2f%% okay.
24783 %s>, C<FAILED--Further testing stopped: %s>
24785 =item ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES THAT TEST::HARNESS SETS
24787 C<HARNESS_ACTIVE>, C<HARNESS_VERSION>
24789 =item ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES THAT AFFECT TEST::HARNESS
24791 C<HARNESS_COLUMNS>, C<HARNESS_COMPILE_TEST>, C<HARNESS_DEBUG>,
24792 C<HARNESS_FILELEAK_IN_DIR>, C<HARNESS_IGNORE_EXITCODE>, C<HARNESS_NOTTY>,
24793 C<HARNESS_PERL>, C<HARNESS_PERL_SWITCHES>, C<HARNESS_VERBOSE>
24809 =head2 Test::Harness::Assert - simple assert
24835 =head2 Test::Harness::Iterator - Internal Test::Harness Iterator
24853 =head2 Test::Harness::Point - object for tracking a single test point
24871 =item from_test_line( $line )
24883 =head2 Test::Harness::Straps - detailed analysis of test results
24903 =item $strap->_init
24913 =item $strap->analyze( $name, \@output_lines )
24921 =item $strap->analyze_fh( $name, $test_filehandle )
24927 =item $strap->analyze_file( $test_file )
24933 =item $strap->_command_line( $file )
24939 =item $strap->_command()
24945 =item $strap->_switches( $file )
24951 =item $strap->_cleaned_switches( @switches_from_user )
24957 =item $strap->_INC2PERL5LIB
24963 =item $strap->_filtered_INC()
24969 =item $strap->_restore_PERL5LIB()
24979 =item C<_is_diagnostic>
24987 =item C<_is_header>
24993 =item C<_is_bail_out>
24999 =item C<_reset_file_state>
25015 =head2 Test::Harness::TAP - Documentation for the TAP format
25023 =item THE TAP FORMAT
25025 =item HARNESS BEHAVIOR
25027 =item TESTS LINES AND THE PLAN
25033 =item The test line
25035 C<ok> or C<not ok>, Test number, Description, Directive, ok/not ok
25036 (required), Test number (recommended), Description (recommended), Directive
25037 (only when necessary)
25047 =item Skipping tests
25059 =item Anything else
25067 =item Common with explanation
25069 =item Unknown amount and failures
25073 =item Skipping a few
25075 =item Skipping everything
25077 =item Got spare tuits?
25079 =item Creative liberties
25085 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
25091 =head2 Test::More - yet another framework for writing test scripts
25101 =item I love it when a plan comes together
25111 =item I'm ok, you're not ok.
25143 =item Complex data structures
25159 =item Conditional tests
25165 B<TODO: BLOCK>, B<todo_skip>
25167 When do I use SKIP vs. TODO?
25179 =item Discouraged comparison functions
25191 =item Extending and Embedding Test::More
25201 =item CAVEATS and NOTES
25203 Backwards compatibility, Overloaded objects, Threads, Test::Harness upgrade
25217 =head2 Test::Simple - Basic utilities for writing tests.
25241 L<Test::More>, L<Test>, L<Test::Unit>, L<Test::Inline>, L<SelfTest>,
25250 =head2 Test::Tutorial - A tutorial about writing really basic tests
25258 =item Nuts and bolts of testing.
25260 =item Where to start?
25264 =item Test the manual
25266 =item Sometimes the tests are wrong
25268 =item Testing lots of values
25270 =item Informative names
25272 =item Skipping tests
25276 =item Testing with taint mode.
25288 =head2 Text::Abbrev, abbrev - create an abbreviation table from a list
25300 =head2 Text::Balanced - Extract delimited text sequences from strings.
25310 =item General behaviour in list contexts
25314 =item General behaviour in scalar and void contexts
25316 =item A note about prefixes
25318 =item C<extract_delimited>
25320 =item C<extract_bracketed>
25322 =item C<extract_variable>
25326 =item C<extract_tagged>
25328 C<reject =E<gt> $listref>, C<ignore =E<gt> $listref>, C<fail =E<gt> $str>,
25329 [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5]
25331 =item C<gen_extract_tagged>
25333 =item C<extract_quotelike>
25335 [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [10]
25337 =item C<extract_quotelike> and "here documents"
25339 [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7..10]
25341 =item C<extract_codeblock>
25343 =item C<extract_multiple>
25345 =item C<gen_delimited_pat>
25351 C<Did not find a suitable bracket: "%s">, C<Did not find prefix: /%s/>,
25352 C<Did not find opening bracket after prefix: "%s">, C<No quotelike
25353 operator found after prefix: "%s">, C<Unmatched closing bracket: "%c">,
25354 C<Unmatched opening bracket(s): "%s">, C<Unmatched embedded quote (%s)>,
25355 C<Did not find closing delimiter to match '%s'>, C<Mismatched closing
25356 bracket: expected "%c" but found "%s">, C<No block delimiter found after
25357 quotelike "%s">, C<Did not find leading dereferencer>, C<Bad identifier
25358 after dereferencer>, C<Did not find expected opening bracket at %s>,
25359 C<Improperly nested codeblock at %s>, C<Missing second block for quotelike
25360 "%s">, C<No match found for opening bracket>, C<Did not find opening tag:
25361 /%s/>, C<Unable to construct closing tag to match: /%s/>, C<Found invalid
25362 nested tag: %s>, C<Found unbalanced nested tag: %s>, C<Did not find closing
25367 =item BUGS AND IRRITATIONS
25373 =head2 Text::ParseWords - parse text into an array of tokens or array of
25388 =head2 Text::Soundex - Implementation of the Soundex Algorithm as Described
25405 =head2 Text::Tabs -- expand and unexpand tabs per the unix expand(1) and
25420 =head2 Text::Wrap - line wrapping to form simple paragraphs
25436 =head2 Thread - manipulate threads in Perl (for old code only)
25448 $thread = Thread->new(\&start_sub), $thread = Thread->new(\&start_sub,
25449 LIST), lock VARIABLE, async BLOCK;, Thread->self, cond_wait VARIABLE,
25450 cond_signal VARIABLE, cond_broadcast VARIABLE, yield
25454 join, eval, detach, equal, tid, flags, done
25462 =head2 Thread::Queue - thread-safe queues
25470 =item FUNCTIONS AND METHODS
25472 new, enqueue LIST, dequeue, dequeue_nb, pending
25478 =head2 Thread::Semaphore - thread-safe semaphores
25486 =item FUNCTIONS AND METHODS
25488 new, new NUMBER, down, down NUMBER, up, up NUMBER
25492 =head2 Thread::Signal - Start a thread which runs signal handlers reliably
25507 =head2 Thread::Specific - thread-specific keys
25517 =head2 Tie::Array - base class for tied arrays
25525 TIEARRAY classname, LIST, STORE this, index, value, FETCH this, index,
25526 FETCHSIZE this, STORESIZE this, count, EXTEND this, count, EXISTS this,
25527 key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, DESTROY this, PUSH this, LIST, POP this,
25528 SHIFT this, UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST
25536 =head2 Tie::File - Access the lines of a disk file via a Perl array
25556 =item Option Format
25560 =item Public Methods
25568 =item C<defer>, C<flush>, C<discard>, and C<autodefer>
25574 =item Tying to an already-opened filehandle
25576 =item Deferred Writing
25580 =item Autodeferring
25584 =item CONCURRENT ACCESS TO FILES
25590 =item WHAT ABOUT C<DB_File>?
25604 =head2 Tie::Handle, Tie::StdHandle - base class definitions for tied
25613 TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, WRITE this, scalar, length, offset, PRINT this,
25614 LIST, PRINTF this, format, LIST, READ this, scalar, length, offset,
25615 READLINE this, GETC this, CLOSE this, OPEN this, filename, BINMODE this,
25616 EOF this, TELL this, SEEK this, offset, whence, DESTROY this
25618 =item MORE INFORMATION
25620 =item COMPATIBILITY
25624 =head2 Tie::Hash, Tie::StdHash, Tie::ExtraHash - base class definitions for
25633 TIEHASH classname, LIST, STORE this, key, value, FETCH this, key, FIRSTKEY
25634 this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, EXISTS this, key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR
25637 =item Inheriting from B<Tie::StdHash>
25639 =item Inheriting from B<Tie::ExtraHash>
25641 =item C<SCALAR>, C<UNTIE> and C<DESTROY>
25643 =item MORE INFORMATION
25647 =head2 Tie::Memoize - add data to hash when needed
25655 =item Inheriting from B<Tie::Memoize>
25665 =head2 Tie::RefHash - use references as hash keys
25683 =head2 Tie::Scalar, Tie::StdScalar - base class definitions for tied
25692 TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, DESTROY this
25694 =item MORE INFORMATION
25698 =head2 Tie::SubstrHash - Fixed-table-size, fixed-key-length hashing
25710 =head2 Time::HiRes - High resolution alarm, sleep, gettimeofday, interval
25719 gettimeofday (), usleep ( $useconds ), nanosleep ( $nanoseconds ), ualarm (
25720 $useconds [, $interval_useconds ] ), tv_interval, time (), sleep (
25721 $floating_seconds ), alarm ( $floating_seconds [,
25722 $interval_floating_seconds ] ), setitimer ( $which, $floating_seconds [,
25723 $interval_floating_seconds ] ), getitimer ( $which ), clock_gettime (
25724 $which ), clock_getres ( $which ), clock_nanosleep ( $which, $seconds,
25725 $flags = 0), clock()
25735 =item negative time not invented yet
25737 =item internal error: useconds < 0 (unsigned ... signed ...)
25747 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
25751 =head2 Time::Local - efficiently compute time from local and GMT time
25761 =item Ambiguous Local Times (DST)
25763 =item Non-Existent Local Times (DST)
25765 =item Negative Epoch Values
25769 =item IMPLEMENTATION
25779 =head2 Time::gmtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gmtime()
25794 =head2 Time::localtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in localtime()
25809 =head2 Time::tm - internal object used by Time::gmtime and Time::localtime
25821 =head2 UNIVERSAL - base class for ALL classes (blessed references)
25829 C<< $obj->isa( TYPE ) >>, C<< CLASS->isa( TYPE ) >>, C<< eval { VAL->isa(
25830 TYPE ) } >>, C<TYPE>, C<$obj>, C<CLASS>, C<VAL>, C<< $obj->can( METHOD )
25831 >>, C<< CLASS->can( METHOD ) >>, C<< eval { VAL->can( METHOD ) } >>,
25832 C<VERSION ( [ REQUIRE ] )>
25838 =head2 Unicode::Collate - Unicode Collation Algorithm
25848 =item Constructor and Tailoring
25850 UCA_Version, alternate, backwards, entry, hangul_terminator, ignoreChar,
25851 ignoreName, katakana_before_hiragana, level, normalization, overrideCJK,
25852 overrideHangul, preprocess, rearrange, table, undefChar, undefName,
25853 upper_before_lower, variable
25855 =item Methods for Collation
25857 C<@sorted = $Collator-E<gt>sort(@not_sorted)>, C<$result =
25858 $Collator-E<gt>cmp($a, $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>eq($a, $b)>,
25859 C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>ne($a, $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>lt($a,
25860 $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>le($a, $b)>, C<$result =
25861 $Collator-E<gt>gt($a, $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>ge($a, $b)>,
25862 C<$sortKey = $Collator-E<gt>getSortKey($string)>, C<$sortKeyForm =
25863 $Collator-E<gt>viewSortKey($string)>
25865 =item Methods for Searching
25867 C<$position = $Collator-E<gt>index($string, $substring[, $position])>,
25868 C<($position, $length) = $Collator-E<gt>index($string, $substring[,
25869 $position])>, C<$match_ref = $Collator-E<gt>match($string, $substring)>,
25870 C<($match) = $Collator-E<gt>match($string, $substring)>, C<@match =
25871 $Collator-E<gt>gmatch($string, $substring)>, C<$count =
25872 $Collator-E<gt>subst($string, $substring, $replacement)>, C<$count =
25873 $Collator-E<gt>gsubst($string, $substring, $replacement)>
25875 =item Other Methods
25877 C<%old_tailoring = $Collator-E<gt>change(%new_tailoring)>, C<$version =
25878 $Collator-E<gt>version()>, C<UCA_Version()>, C<Base_Unicode_Version()>
25888 Normalization, Conformance Test
25890 =item AUTHOR, COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
25894 Unicode Collation Algorithm - UTS #10, The Default Unicode Collation
25895 Element Table (DUCET), The conformance test for the UCA, Hangul Syllable
25896 Type, Unicode Normalization Forms - UAX #15
25900 =head2 Unicode::Normalize - Unicode Normalization Forms
25910 =item Normalization Forms
25912 C<$NFD_string = NFD($string)>, C<$NFC_string = NFC($string)>,
25913 C<$NFKD_string = NFKD($string)>, C<$NFKC_string = NFKC($string)>,
25914 C<$FCD_string = FCD($string)>, C<$FCC_string = FCC($string)>,
25915 C<$normalized_string = normalize($form_name, $string)>
25917 =item Decomposition and Composition
25919 C<$decomposed_string = decompose($string)>, C<$decomposed_string =
25920 decompose($string, $useCompatMapping)>, C<$reordered_string =
25921 reorder($string)>, C<$composed_string = compose($string)>
25925 C<$result = checkNFD($string)>, C<$result = checkNFC($string)>, C<$result =
25926 checkNFKD($string)>, C<$result = checkNFKC($string)>, C<$result =
25927 checkFCD($string)>, C<$result = checkFCC($string)>, C<$result =
25928 check($form_name, $string)>
25930 =item Character Data
25932 C<$canonical_decomposed = getCanon($codepoint)>,
25933 C<$compatibility_decomposed = getCompat($codepoint)>,
25934 C<$codepoint_composite = getComposite($codepoint_here, $codepoint_next)>,
25935 C<$combining_class = getCombinClass($codepoint)>, C<$is_exclusion =
25936 isExclusion($codepoint)>, C<$is_singleton = isSingleton($codepoint)>,
25937 C<$is_non_starter_decomposition = isNonStDecomp($codepoint)>,
25938 C<$may_be_composed_with_prev_char = isComp2nd($codepoint)>
25946 Perl's version vs. Unicode version, Correction of decomposition mapping,
25947 Revised definition of canonical composition
25953 http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr15/,
25954 http://www.unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/DerivedNormalizationProps.txt,
25955 http://www.unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/NormalizationCorrections.txt,
25956 http://www.unicode.org/review/pr-29.html, http://www.unicode.org/notes/tn5/
25960 =head2 Unicode::UCD - Unicode character database
26002 =item Blocks versus Scripts
26004 =item Matching Scripts and Blocks
26006 =item Code Point Arguments
26038 =item Unicode::UCD::UnicodeVersion
26044 =item Implementation Note
26056 =head2 User::grent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getgr*()
26071 =head2 User::pwent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getpw*()
26082 =item System Specifics
26096 =head2 XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code
26108 =item Migration from C<DynaLoader>
26110 =item Backward compatible boilerplate
26114 =item Order of initialization: early load()
26118 =item The most hairy case
26124 Can't find '%s' symbol in %s, Can't load '%s' for module %s: %s, Undefined
26125 symbols present after loading %s: %s, XSLoader::load('Your::Module',
26126 $Your::Module::VERSION)
26140 =head1 AUXILIARY DOCUMENTATION
26142 Here should be listed all the extra programs' documentation, but they
26143 don't all have manual pages yet:
26177 Larry Wall <F<larry@wall.org>>, with the help of oodles