4 perltoc - perl documentation table of contents
8 This page provides a brief table of contents for the rest of the Perl
9 documentation set. It is meant to be scanned quickly or grepped
10 through to locate the proper section you're looking for.
12 =head1 BASIC DOCUMENTATION
14 =head2 perl - Practical Extraction and Report Language
26 =item Reference Manual
28 =item Internals and C Language Interface
32 =item Language-Specific
34 =item Platform-Specific
58 =head2 perlintro -- a brief introduction and overview of Perl
68 =item Running Perl programs
70 =item Basic syntax overview
72 =item Perl variable types
74 Scalars, Arrays, Hashes
76 =item Variable scoping
78 =item Conditional and looping constructs
80 if, while, for, foreach
82 =item Builtin operators and functions
84 Arithmetic, Numeric comparison, String comparison, Boolean logic,
89 =item Regular expressions
91 Simple matching, Simple substitution, More complex regular expressions,
92 Parentheses for capturing, Other regexp features
94 =item Writing subroutines
98 =item Using Perl modules
106 =head2 perlfaq - frequently asked questions about Perl ($Date: 2002/03/11
115 =item perlfaq: Structural overview of the FAQ.
117 =item L<perlfaq1>: General Questions About Perl
119 =item L<perlfaq2>: Obtaining and Learning about Perl
121 =item L<perlfaq3>: Programming Tools
123 =item L<perlfaq4>: Data Manipulation
125 =item L<perlfaq5>: Files and Formats
127 =item L<perlfaq6>: Regular Expressions
129 =item L<perlfaq7>: General Perl Language Issues
131 =item L<perlfaq8>: System Interaction
133 =item L<perlfaq9>: Networking
137 =item About the perlfaq documents
141 =item Where to get the perlfaq
143 =item How to contribute to the perlfaq
145 =item What will happen if you mail your Perl programming problems to the
152 =item Author and Copyright Information
156 =item Bundled Distributions
164 1/November/2000, 23/May/99, 13/April/99, 7/January/99, 22/June/98,
165 24/April/97, 23/April/97, 25/March/97, 18/March/97, 17/March/97 Version,
166 Initial Release: 11/March/97
170 =head2 perlbook - Perl book information
178 =head2 perlsyn - Perl syntax
188 =item Simple statements
190 =item Compound statements
198 =item Basic BLOCKs and Switch Statements
202 =item PODs: Embedded Documentation
204 =item Plain Old Comments (Not!)
210 =head2 perldata - Perl data types
224 =item Scalar value constructors
226 =item List value constructors
230 =item Typeglobs and Filehandles
238 =head2 perlop - Perl operators and precedence
248 =item Terms and List Operators (Leftward)
250 =item The Arrow Operator
252 =item Auto-increment and Auto-decrement
256 =item Symbolic Unary Operators
258 =item Binding Operators
260 =item Multiplicative Operators
262 =item Additive Operators
264 =item Shift Operators
266 =item Named Unary Operators
268 =item Relational Operators
270 =item Equality Operators
274 =item Bitwise Or and Exclusive Or
276 =item C-style Logical And
278 =item C-style Logical Or
280 =item Range Operators
282 =item Conditional Operator
284 =item Assignment Operators
288 =item List Operators (Rightward)
294 =item Logical or and Exclusive Or
296 =item C Operators Missing From Perl
298 unary &, unary *, (TYPE)
300 =item Quote and Quote-like Operators
302 =item Regexp Quote-Like Operators
304 ?PATTERN?, m/PATTERN/cgimosx, /PATTERN/cgimosx, q/STRING/, C<'STRING'>,
305 qq/STRING/, "STRING", qr/STRING/imosx, qx/STRING/, `STRING`, qw/STRING/,
306 s/PATTERN/REPLACEMENT/egimosx, tr/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds,
307 y/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds, <<EOF
309 =item Gory details of parsing quoted constructs
311 Finding the end, Removal of backslashes before delimiters, Interpolation,
312 C<<<'EOF'>, C<m''>, C<s'''>, C<tr///>, C<y///>, C<''>, C<q//>, C<"">,
313 C<``>, C<qq//>, C<qx//>, C<< <file*glob> >>, C<?RE?>, C</RE/>, C<m/RE/>,
314 C<s/RE/foo/>,, Interpolation of regular expressions, Optimization of
319 =item Constant Folding
321 =item Bitwise String Operators
323 =item Integer Arithmetic
325 =item Floating-point Arithmetic
333 =head2 perlsub - Perl subroutines
343 =item Private Variables via my()
345 =item Persistent Private Variables
347 =item Temporary Values via local()
349 =item Lvalue subroutines
351 Lvalue subroutines are EXPERIMENTAL
353 =item Passing Symbol Table Entries (typeglobs)
355 =item When to Still Use local()
357 =item Pass by Reference
361 =item Constant Functions
363 =item Overriding Built-in Functions
367 =item Subroutine Attributes
375 =head2 perlfunc - Perl builtin functions
383 =item Perl Functions by Category
385 Functions for SCALARs or strings, Regular expressions and pattern matching,
386 Numeric functions, Functions for real @ARRAYs, Functions for list data,
387 Functions for real %HASHes, Input and output functions, Functions for fixed
388 length data or records, Functions for filehandles, files, or directories,
389 Keywords related to the control flow of your perl program, Keywords related
390 to scoping, Miscellaneous functions, Functions for processes and process
391 groups, Keywords related to perl modules, Keywords related to classes and
392 object-orientedness, Low-level socket functions, System V interprocess
393 communication functions, Fetching user and group info, Fetching network
394 info, Time-related functions, Functions new in perl5, Functions obsoleted
399 =item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions
401 I<-X> FILEHANDLE, I<-X> EXPR, I<-X>, abs VALUE, abs, accept
402 NEWSOCKET,GENERICSOCKET, alarm SECONDS, alarm, atan2 Y,X, bind SOCKET,NAME,
403 binmode FILEHANDLE, DISCIPLINE, binmode FILEHANDLE, bless REF,CLASSNAME,
404 bless REF, caller EXPR, caller, chdir EXPR, chmod LIST, chomp VARIABLE,
405 chomp( LIST ), chomp, chop VARIABLE, chop( LIST ), chop, chown LIST, chr
406 NUMBER, chr, chroot FILENAME, chroot, close FILEHANDLE, close, closedir
407 DIRHANDLE, connect SOCKET,NAME, continue BLOCK, cos EXPR, cos, crypt
408 PLAINTEXT,SALT, dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MASK, defined EXPR,
409 defined, delete EXPR, die LIST, do BLOCK, do SUBROUTINE(LIST), do EXPR,
410 dump LABEL, dump, each HASH, eof FILEHANDLE, eof (), eof, eval EXPR, eval
411 BLOCK, exec LIST, exec PROGRAM LIST, exists EXPR, exit EXPR, exp EXPR, exp,
412 fcntl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, fileno FILEHANDLE, flock
413 FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, fork, format, formline PICTURE,LIST, getc FILEHANDLE,
414 getc, getlogin, getpeername SOCKET, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority
415 WHICH,WHO, getpwnam NAME, getgrnam NAME, gethostbyname NAME, getnetbyname
416 NAME, getprotobyname NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getservbyname
417 NAME,PROTO, gethostbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE,
418 getprotobynumber NUMBER, getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent,
419 gethostent, getnetent, getprotoent, getservent, setpwent, setgrent,
420 sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent
421 STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent, endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent,
422 endservent, getsockname SOCKET, getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR,
423 glob, gmtime EXPR, goto LABEL, goto EXPR, goto &NAME, grep BLOCK LIST, grep
424 EXPR,LIST, hex EXPR, hex, import, index STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, index
425 STR,SUBSTR, int EXPR, int, ioctl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, join
426 EXPR,LIST, keys HASH, kill SIGNAL, LIST, last LABEL, last, lc EXPR, lc,
427 lcfirst EXPR, lcfirst, length EXPR, length, link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, listen
428 SOCKET,QUEUESIZE, local EXPR, localtime EXPR, lock THING, log EXPR, log,
429 lstat EXPR, lstat, m//, map BLOCK LIST, map EXPR,LIST, mkdir FILENAME,MASK,
430 mkdir FILENAME, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget KEY,FLAGS, msgrcv
431 ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS, my EXPR, my TYPE EXPR, my EXPR
432 : ATTRS, my TYPE EXPR : ATTRS, next LABEL, next, no Module VERSION LIST, no
433 Module VERSION, no Module LIST, no Module, oct EXPR, oct, open
434 FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR,LIST,
435 open FILEHANDLE,MODE,REFERENCE, open FILEHANDLE, opendir DIRHANDLE,EXPR,
436 ord EXPR, ord, our EXPR, our EXPR TYPE, our EXPR : ATTRS, our TYPE EXPR :
437 ATTRS, pack TEMPLATE,LIST, package NAMESPACE, package, pipe
438 READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, pop ARRAY, pop, pos SCALAR, pos, print FILEHANDLE
439 LIST, print LIST, print, printf FILEHANDLE FORMAT, LIST, printf FORMAT,
440 LIST, prototype FUNCTION, push ARRAY,LIST, q/STRING/, qq/STRING/,
441 qr/STRING/, qx/STRING/, qw/STRING/, quotemeta EXPR, quotemeta, rand EXPR,
442 rand, read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,
443 readdir DIRHANDLE, readline EXPR, readlink EXPR, readlink, readpipe EXPR,
444 recv SOCKET,SCALAR,LENGTH,FLAGS, redo LABEL, redo, ref EXPR, ref, rename
445 OLDNAME,NEWNAME, require VERSION, require EXPR, require, reset EXPR, reset,
446 return EXPR, return, reverse LIST, rewinddir DIRHANDLE, rindex
447 STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, rindex STR,SUBSTR, rmdir FILENAME, rmdir, s///, scalar
448 EXPR, seek FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, seekdir DIRHANDLE,POS, select
449 FILEHANDLE, select, select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, semctl
450 ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, send
451 SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS,TO, send SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS, setpgrp PID,PGRP, setpriority
452 WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shift ARRAY,
453 shift, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS, shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE,
454 shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, shutdown SOCKET,HOW, sin EXPR, sin, sleep
455 EXPR, sleep, socket SOCKET,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, socketpair
456 SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, sort SUBNAME LIST, sort BLOCK LIST,
457 sort LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,
458 splice ARRAY,OFFSET, splice ARRAY, split /PATTERN/,EXPR,LIMIT, split
459 /PATTERN/,EXPR, split /PATTERN/, split, sprintf FORMAT, LIST, sqrt EXPR,
460 sqrt, srand EXPR, srand, stat FILEHANDLE, stat EXPR, stat, study SCALAR,
461 study, sub NAME BLOCK, sub NAME (PROTO) BLOCK, sub NAME : ATTRS BLOCK, sub
462 NAME (PROTO) : ATTRS BLOCK, substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH,REPLACEMENT, substr
463 EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH, substr EXPR,OFFSET, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall
464 LIST, sysopen FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE, sysopen
465 FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, sysread FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET,
466 sysread FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, sysseek FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE,
467 system LIST, system PROGRAM LIST, syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET,
468 syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR, tell
469 FILEHANDLE, tell, telldir DIRHANDLE, tie VARIABLE,CLASSNAME,LIST, tied
470 VARIABLE, time, times, tr///, truncate FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate
471 EXPR,LENGTH, uc EXPR, uc, ucfirst EXPR, ucfirst, umask EXPR, umask, undef
472 EXPR, undef, unlink LIST, unlink, unpack TEMPLATE,EXPR, untie VARIABLE,
473 unshift ARRAY,LIST, use Module VERSION LIST, use Module VERSION, use Module
474 LIST, use Module, use VERSION, utime LIST, values HASH, vec
475 EXPR,OFFSET,BITS, wait, waitpid PID,FLAGS, wantarray, warn LIST, write
476 FILEHANDLE, write EXPR, write, y///
482 =head2 perlreftut - Mark's very short tutorial about references
488 =item Who Needs Complicated Data Structures?
496 =item Making References
498 =item Using References
516 =item Distribution Conditions
522 =head2 perldsc - Perl Data Structures Cookbook
528 arrays of arrays, hashes of arrays, arrays of hashes, hashes of hashes,
529 more elaborate constructs
533 =item COMMON MISTAKES
535 =item CAVEAT ON PRECEDENCE
537 =item WHY YOU SHOULD ALWAYS C<use strict>
543 =item ARRAYS OF ARRAYS
547 =item Declaration of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
549 =item Generation of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
551 =item Access and Printing of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
555 =item HASHES OF ARRAYS
559 =item Declaration of a HASH OF ARRAYS
561 =item Generation of a HASH OF ARRAYS
563 =item Access and Printing of a HASH OF ARRAYS
567 =item ARRAYS OF HASHES
571 =item Declaration of an ARRAY OF HASHES
573 =item Generation of an ARRAY OF HASHES
575 =item Access and Printing of an ARRAY OF HASHES
579 =item HASHES OF HASHES
583 =item Declaration of a HASH OF HASHES
585 =item Generation of a HASH OF HASHES
587 =item Access and Printing of a HASH OF HASHES
591 =item MORE ELABORATE RECORDS
595 =item Declaration of MORE ELABORATE RECORDS
597 =item Declaration of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS
599 =item Generation of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS
611 =head2 perlrequick - Perl regular expressions quick start
621 =item Simple word matching
623 =item Using character classes
625 =item Matching this or that
627 =item Grouping things and hierarchical matching
629 =item Extracting matches
631 =item Matching repetitions
635 =item Search and replace
637 =item The split operator
645 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
649 =item Acknowledgments
655 =head2 perlpod - the Plain Old Documentation format
663 =item Ordinary Paragraph
665 =item Verbatim Paragraph
667 =item Command Paragraph
669 C<=head1 I<Heading Text>>, C<=head2 I<Heading Text>>, C<=head3 I<Heading
670 Text>>, C<=head4 I<Heading Text>>, C<=over I<indentlevel>>, C<=item
671 I<stuff...>>, C<=back>, C<=cut>, C<=pod>, C<=begin I<formatname>>, C<=end
672 I<formatname>>, C<=for I<formatname> I<text...>>
674 =item Formatting Codes
676 C<IE<lt>textE<gt>> -- italic text, C<BE<lt>textE<gt>> -- bold text,
677 C<CE<lt>codeE<gt>> -- code text, C<LE<lt>nameE<gt>> -- a hyperlink,
678 C<EE<lt>escapeE<gt>> -- a character escape, C<FE<lt>filenameE<gt>> -- used
679 for filenames, C<SE<lt>textE<gt>> -- text contains non-breaking spaces,
680 C<XE<lt>topic nameE<gt>> -- an index entry, C<ZE<lt>E<gt>> -- a null
681 (zero-effect) formatting code
685 =item Embedding Pods in Perl Modules
687 =item Hints for Writing Pod
697 =head2 perlpodspec - Plain Old Documentation: format specification and
704 =item Pod Definitions
708 "=head1", "=head2", "=head3", "=head4", "=pod", "=cut", "=over", "=item",
709 "=back", "=begin formatname", "=end formatname", "=for formatname text..."
711 =item Pod Formatting Codes
713 C<IE<lt>textE<gt>> -- italic text, C<BE<lt>textE<gt>> -- bold text,
714 C<CE<lt>codeE<gt>> -- code text, C<FE<lt>filenameE<gt>> -- style for
715 filenames, C<XE<lt>topic nameE<gt>> -- an index entry, C<ZE<lt>E<gt>> -- a
716 null (zero-effect) formatting code, C<LE<lt>nameE<gt>> -- a hyperlink,
717 C<EE<lt>escapeE<gt>> -- a character escape, C<SE<lt>textE<gt>> -- text
718 contains non-breaking spaces
720 =item Notes on Implementing Pod Processors
722 =item About LE<lt>...E<gt> Codes
724 First:, Second:, Third:, Fourth:, Fifth:, Sixth:
726 =item About =over...=back Regions
728 =item About Data Paragraphs and "=begin/=end" Regions
736 =head2 perlstyle - Perl style guide
744 =head2 perltrap - Perl traps for the unwary
762 =item Perl4 to Perl5 Traps
764 Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps, Parsing Traps, Numerical
765 Traps, General data type traps, Context Traps - scalar, list contexts,
766 Precedence Traps, General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc,
767 Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps, OS Traps, DBM Traps, Unclassified Traps
769 =item Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps
771 Discontinuance, Deprecation, BugFix, Discontinuance, Discontinuance,
772 Discontinuance, BugFix, Discontinuance, Discontinuance, BugFix,
773 Discontinuance, Deprecation, Discontinuance, Discontinuance
777 Parsing, Parsing, Parsing, Parsing, Parsing
779 =item Numerical Traps
781 Numerical, Numerical, Numerical, Bitwise string ops
783 =item General data type traps
785 (Arrays), (Arrays), (Hashes), (Globs), (Globs), (Scalar String),
786 (Constants), (Scalars), (Variable Suicide)
788 =item Context Traps - scalar, list contexts
790 (list context), (scalar context), (scalar context), (list, builtin)
792 =item Precedence Traps
794 Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence,
797 =item General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc.
799 Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular
800 Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression,
803 =item Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps
805 (Signals), (Sort Subroutine), warn() won't let you specify a filehandle
811 =item Interpolation Traps
813 Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation,
814 Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation
820 =item Unclassified Traps
822 C<require>/C<do> trap using returned value, C<split> on empty string with
829 =head2 perlrun - how to execute the Perl interpreter
839 =item #! and quoting on non-Unix systems
841 OS/2, MS-DOS, Win95/NT, Macintosh, VMS
843 =item Location of Perl
845 =item Command Switches
847 B<-0>[I<digits>], B<-a>, B<-C>, B<-c>, B<-d>, B<-d:>I<foo[=bar,baz]>,
848 B<-D>I<letters>, B<-D>I<number>, B<-e> I<commandline>, B<-F>I<pattern>,
849 B<-h>, B<-i>[I<extension>], B<-I>I<directory>, B<-l>[I<octnum>],
850 B<-m>[B<->]I<module>, B<-M>[B<->]I<module>, B<-M>[B<->]I<'module ...'>,
851 B<-[mM]>[B<->]I<module=arg[,arg]...>, B<-n>, B<-p>, B<-P>, B<-s>, B<-S>,
852 B<-t>, B<-T>, B<-u>, B<-U>, B<-v>, B<-V>, B<-V:>I<name>, B<-w>, B<-W>,
853 B<-X>, B<-x> I<directory>
859 HOME, LOGDIR, PATH, PERL5LIB, PERL5OPT, PERLIO, :bytes, :crlf, :mmap,
860 :perlio, :raw, :stdio, :unix, :utf8, :win32, PERLIO_DEBUG, PERLLIB,
861 PERL5DB, PERL5SHELL (specific to the Win32 port), PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS,
862 PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL, PERL_ENCODING, PERL_ROOT (specific to the VMS port),
863 SYS$LOGIN (specific to the VMS port)
867 =head2 perldiag - various Perl diagnostics
875 =head2 perllexwarn - Perl Lexical Warnings
883 =item Default Warnings and Optional Warnings
885 =item What's wrong with B<-w> and C<$^W>
887 =item Controlling Warnings from the Command Line
891 =item Backward Compatibility
893 =item Category Hierarchy
897 =item Reporting Warnings from a Module
909 =head2 perldebtut - Perl debugging tutorial
917 =item Looking at data and -w and v
921 =item Stepping through code
923 =item Placeholder for a, w, t, T
925 =item REGULAR EXPRESSIONS
943 =head2 perldebug - Perl debugging
949 =item The Perl Debugger
953 =item Debugger Commands
955 h, h [command], h h, p expr, x [maxdepth] expr, V [pkg [vars]], X [vars], y
956 [level [vars]], T, s [expr], n [expr], r, <CR>, c [line|sub], l, l
957 min+incr, l min-max, l line, l subname, -, v [line], f filename, /pattern/,
958 ?pattern?, L [abw], S [[!]regex], t, t expr, b, b [line] [condition], b
959 subname [condition], b postpone subname [condition], b load filename, b
960 compile subname, B line, B *, a [line] command, A line, A *, w expr, W
961 expr, W *, o, o booloption .., o anyoption? .., o option=value .., < ?, < [
962 command ], << command, > ?, > command, >> command, { ?, { [ command ], {{
963 command, ! number, ! -number, ! pattern, !! cmd, @ file, H -number, q or
964 ^D, R, |dbcmd, ||dbcmd, command, m expr, M, man [manpage]
966 =item Configurable Options
968 C<recallCommand>, C<ShellBang>, C<pager>, C<tkRunning>, C<signalLevel>,
969 C<warnLevel>, C<dieLevel>, C<AutoTrace>, C<LineInfo>, C<inhibit_exit>,
970 C<PrintRet>, C<ornaments>, C<frame>, C<maxTraceLen>, C<windowSize>,
971 C<arrayDepth>, C<hashDepth>, C<dumpDepth>, C<compactDump>, C<veryCompact>,
972 C<globPrint>, C<DumpDBFiles>, C<DumpPackages>, C<DumpReused>, C<quote>,
973 C<HighBit>, C<undefPrint>, C<UsageOnly>, C<TTY>, C<noTTY>, C<ReadLine>,
976 =item Debugger input/output
978 Prompt, Multiline commands, Stack backtrace, Line Listing Format, Frame
981 =item Debugging compile-time statements
983 =item Debugger Customization
985 =item Readline Support
987 =item Editor Support for Debugging
989 =item The Perl Profiler
993 =item Debugging regular expressions
995 =item Debugging memory usage
1003 =head2 perlvar - Perl predefined variables
1011 =item Predefined Names
1013 $ARG, $_, $a, $b, $<I<digits>>, $MATCH, $&, $PREMATCH, $`, $POSTMATCH, $',
1014 $LAST_PAREN_MATCH, $+, $^N, @LAST_MATCH_END, @+, $MULTILINE_MATCHING, $*,
1015 HANDLE->input_line_number(EXPR), $INPUT_LINE_NUMBER, $NR, $,
1016 IO::Handle->input_record_separator(EXPR), $INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $RS, $/,
1017 HANDLE->autoflush(EXPR), $OUTPUT_AUTOFLUSH, $|,
1018 IO::Handle->output_field_separator EXPR, $OUTPUT_FIELD_SEPARATOR, $OFS, $,,
1019 IO::Handle->output_record_separator EXPR, $OUTPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $ORS,
1020 $\, $LIST_SEPARATOR, $", $SUBSCRIPT_SEPARATOR, $SUBSEP, $;, $OFMT, $#,
1021 HANDLE->format_page_number(EXPR), $FORMAT_PAGE_NUMBER, $%,
1022 HANDLE->format_lines_per_page(EXPR), $FORMAT_LINES_PER_PAGE, $=,
1023 HANDLE->format_lines_left(EXPR), $FORMAT_LINES_LEFT, $-, @LAST_MATCH_START,
1024 @-, C<$`> is the same as C<substr($var, 0, $-[0])>, C<$&> is the same as
1025 C<substr($var, $-[0], $+[0] - $-[0])>, C<$'> is the same as C<substr($var,
1026 $+[0])>, C<$1> is the same as C<substr($var, $-[1], $+[1] - $-[1])>, C<$2>
1027 is the same as C<substr($var, $-[2], $+[2] - $-[2])>, C<$3> is the same as
1028 C<substr $var, $-[3], $+[3] - $-[3])>, HANDLE->format_name(EXPR),
1029 $FORMAT_NAME, $~, HANDLE->format_top_name(EXPR), $FORMAT_TOP_NAME, $^,
1030 IO::Handle->format_line_break_characters EXPR,
1031 $FORMAT_LINE_BREAK_CHARACTERS, $:, IO::Handle->format_formfeed EXPR,
1032 $FORMAT_FORMFEED, $^L, $ACCUMULATOR, $^A, $CHILD_ERROR, $?, ${^ENCODING},
1033 $OS_ERROR, $ERRNO, $!, %!, $EXTENDED_OS_ERROR, $^E, $EVAL_ERROR, $@,
1034 $PROCESS_ID, $PID, $$, $REAL_USER_ID, $UID, $<, $EFFECTIVE_USER_ID, $EUID,
1035 $>, $REAL_GROUP_ID, $GID, $(, $EFFECTIVE_GROUP_ID, $EGID, $),
1036 $PROGRAM_NAME, $0, $[, $], $COMPILING, $^C, $DEBUGGING, $^D,
1037 $SYSTEM_FD_MAX, $^F, $^H, %^H, $INPLACE_EDIT, $^I, $^M, $OSNAME, $^O,
1038 ${^OPEN}, $PERLDB, $^P, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80,
1039 0x100, 0x200, $LAST_REGEXP_CODE_RESULT, $^R, $EXCEPTIONS_BEING_CAUGHT, $^S,
1040 $BASETIME, $^T, ${^TAINT}, $PERL_VERSION, $^V, $WARNING, $^W,
1041 ${^WARNING_BITS}, ${^WIDE_SYSTEM_CALLS}, $EXECUTABLE_NAME, $^X, ARGV,
1042 $ARGV, @ARGV, @F, @INC, @_, %INC, %ENV, $ENV{expr}, %SIG, $SIG{expr}
1044 =item Error Indicators
1046 =item Technical Note on the Syntax of Variable Names
1054 =head2 perllol - Manipulating Arrays of Arrays in Perl
1062 =item Declaration and Access of Arrays of Arrays
1064 =item Growing Your Own
1066 =item Access and Printing
1078 =head2 perlopentut - tutorial on opening things in Perl
1084 =item Open E<agrave> la shell
1092 =item The Minus File
1094 =item Mixing Reads and Writes
1100 =item Open E<agrave> la C
1104 =item Permissions E<agrave> la mode
1108 =item Obscure Open Tricks
1112 =item Re-Opening Files (dups)
1114 =item Dispelling the Dweomer
1116 =item Paths as Opens
1118 =item Single Argument Open
1120 =item Playing with STDIN and STDOUT
1124 =item Other I/O Issues
1128 =item Opening Non-File Files
1140 =item AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT
1146 =head2 perlpacktut - tutorial on C<pack> and C<unpack>
1152 =item The Basic Principle
1156 =item Packing Numbers
1162 =item Unpacking a Stack Frame
1164 =item How to Eat an Egg on a Net
1166 =item Floating point Numbers
1170 =item Exotic Templates
1182 =item Another Portable Binary Encoding
1186 =item Lengths and Widths
1190 =item String Lengths
1192 =item Dynamic Templates
1196 =item Packing and Unpacking C Structures
1200 =item The Alignment Pit
1202 =item Alignment, Take 2
1204 =item Alignment, Take 3
1206 =item Pointers for How to Use Them
1212 =item Funnies Section
1218 =head2 perlretut - Perl regular expressions tutorial
1224 =item Part 1: The basics
1228 =item Simple word matching
1230 =item Using character classes
1232 =item Matching this or that
1234 =item Grouping things and hierarchical matching
1236 =item Extracting matches
1238 =item Matching repetitions
1240 =item Building a regexp
1242 =item Using regular expressions in Perl
1246 =item Part 2: Power tools
1250 =item More on characters, strings, and character classes
1252 =item Compiling and saving regular expressions
1254 =item Embedding comments and modifiers in a regular expression
1256 =item Non-capturing groupings
1258 =item Looking ahead and looking behind
1260 =item Using independent subexpressions to prevent backtracking
1262 =item Conditional expressions
1264 =item A bit of magic: executing Perl code in a regular expression
1266 =item Pragmas and debugging
1274 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1278 =item Acknowledgments
1284 =head2 perlre - Perl regular expressions
1294 =item Regular Expressions
1296 [1], [2], [3], cntrl, graph, print, punct, xdigit
1298 =item Extended Patterns
1300 C<(?#text)>, C<(?imsx-imsx)>, C<(?:pattern)>, C<(?imsx-imsx:pattern)>,
1301 C<(?=pattern)>, C<(?!pattern)>, C<(?<=pattern)>, C<(?<!pattern)>, C<(?{
1302 code })>, C<(??{ code })>, C<< (?>pattern) >>,
1303 C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)>, C<(?(condition)yes-pattern)>
1307 =item Version 8 Regular Expressions
1309 =item Warning on \1 vs $1
1311 =item Repeated patterns matching zero-length substring
1313 =item Combining pieces together
1315 C<ST>, C<S|T>, C<S{REPEAT_COUNT}>, C<S{min,max}>, C<S{min,max}?>, C<S?>,
1316 C<S*>, C<S+>, C<S??>, C<S*?>, C<S+?>, C<< (?>S) >>, C<(?=S)>, C<(?<=S)>,
1317 C<(?!S)>, C<(?<!S)>, C<(??{ EXPR })>,
1318 C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)>
1320 =item Creating custom RE engines
1330 =head2 perlref - Perl references and nested data structures
1340 =item Making References
1342 =item Using References
1344 =item Symbolic references
1346 =item Not-so-symbolic references
1348 =item Pseudo-hashes: Using an array as a hash
1350 =item Function Templates
1360 =head2 perlform - Perl formats
1368 =item Format Variables
1378 =item Accessing Formatting Internals
1386 =head2 perlboot - Beginner's Object-Oriented Tutorial
1394 =item If we could talk to the animals...
1396 =item Introducing the method invocation arrow
1398 =item Invoking a barnyard
1400 =item The extra parameter of method invocation
1402 =item Calling a second method to simplify things
1404 =item Inheriting the windpipes
1406 =item A few notes about @ISA
1408 =item Overriding the methods
1410 =item Starting the search from a different place
1412 =item The SUPER way of doing things
1414 =item Where we're at so far...
1416 =item A horse is a horse, of course of course -- or is it?
1418 =item Invoking an instance method
1420 =item Accessing the instance data
1422 =item How to build a horse
1424 =item Inheriting the constructor
1426 =item Making a method work with either classes or instances
1428 =item Adding parameters to a method
1430 =item More interesting instances
1432 =item A horse of a different color
1444 =head2 perltoot - Tom's object-oriented tutorial for perl
1450 =item Creating a Class
1454 =item Object Representation
1456 =item Class Interface
1458 =item Constructors and Instance Methods
1460 =item Planning for the Future: Better Constructors
1464 =item Other Object Methods
1472 =item Accessing Class Data
1474 =item Debugging Methods
1476 =item Class Destructors
1478 =item Documenting the Interface
1488 =item Overridden Methods
1490 =item Multiple Inheritance
1492 =item UNIVERSAL: The Root of All Objects
1496 =item Alternate Object Representations
1500 =item Arrays as Objects
1502 =item Closures as Objects
1506 =item AUTOLOAD: Proxy Methods
1510 =item Autoloaded Data Methods
1512 =item Inherited Autoloaded Data Methods
1516 =item Metaclassical Tools
1522 =item Data Members as Variables
1530 =item Object Terminology
1536 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1542 =item Acknowledgments
1548 =head2 perltooc - Tom's OO Tutorial for Class Data in Perl
1554 =item Class Data in a Can
1556 =item Class Data as Package Variables
1560 =item Putting All Your Eggs in One Basket
1562 =item Inheritance Concerns
1564 =item The Eponymous Meta-Object
1566 =item Indirect References to Class Data
1568 =item Monadic Classes
1570 =item Translucent Attributes
1574 =item Class Data as Lexical Variables
1578 =item Privacy and Responsibility
1580 =item File-Scoped Lexicals
1582 =item More Inheritance Concerns
1584 =item Locking the Door and Throwing Away the Key
1586 =item Translucency Revisited
1594 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1596 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
1602 =head2 perlobj - Perl objects
1610 =item An Object is Simply a Reference
1612 =item A Class is Simply a Package
1614 =item A Method is Simply a Subroutine
1616 =item Method Invocation
1618 =item Indirect Object Syntax
1620 =item Default UNIVERSAL methods
1622 isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] )
1628 =item Two-Phased Garbage Collection
1636 =head2 perlbot - Bag'o Object Tricks (the BOT)
1642 =item OO SCALING TIPS
1644 =item INSTANCE VARIABLES
1646 =item SCALAR INSTANCE VARIABLES
1648 =item INSTANCE VARIABLE INHERITANCE
1650 =item OBJECT RELATIONSHIPS
1652 =item OVERRIDING SUPERCLASS METHODS
1654 =item USING RELATIONSHIP WITH SDBM
1656 =item THINKING OF CODE REUSE
1658 =item CLASS CONTEXT AND THE OBJECT
1660 =item INHERITING A CONSTRUCTOR
1666 =head2 perltie - how to hide an object class in a simple variable
1678 TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, UNTIE this,
1683 TIEARRAY classname, LIST, FETCH this, index, STORE this, index, value,
1684 FETCHSIZE this, STORESIZE this, count, EXTEND this, count, EXISTS this,
1685 key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, PUSH this, LIST, POP this, SHIFT this,
1686 UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST, UNTIE this, DESTROY
1691 USER, HOME, CLOBBER, LIST, TIEHASH classname, LIST, FETCH this, key, STORE
1692 this, key, value, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, EXISTS this, key, FIRSTKEY
1693 this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, UNTIE this, DESTROY this
1695 =item Tying FileHandles
1697 TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, WRITE this, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this,
1698 LIST, READ this, LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, CLOSE this, UNTIE this,
1703 =item The C<untie> Gotcha
1715 =head2 perlipc - Perl interprocess communication (signals, fifos, pipes,
1716 safe subprocesses, sockets, and semaphores)
1726 =item Handling the SIGHUP Signal in Daemons
1734 =item Deferred Signals
1736 Long running opcodes, Interrupting IO, Signals as "faults", Signals
1737 triggered by operating system state
1741 =item Using open() for IPC
1747 =item Background Processes
1749 =item Complete Dissociation of Child from Parent
1751 =item Safe Pipe Opens
1753 =item Bidirectional Communication with Another Process
1755 =item Bidirectional Communication with Yourself
1759 =item Sockets: Client/Server Communication
1763 =item Internet Line Terminators
1765 =item Internet TCP Clients and Servers
1767 =item Unix-Domain TCP Clients and Servers
1771 =item TCP Clients with IO::Socket
1775 =item A Simple Client
1777 C<Proto>, C<PeerAddr>, C<PeerPort>
1779 =item A Webget Client
1781 =item Interactive Client with IO::Socket
1785 =item TCP Servers with IO::Socket
1787 Proto, LocalPort, Listen, Reuse
1789 =item UDP: Message Passing
1803 =head2 perlfork - Perl's fork() emulation
1813 =item Behavior of other Perl features in forked pseudo-processes
1815 $$ or $PROCESS_ID, %ENV, chdir() and all other builtins that accept
1816 filenames, wait() and waitpid(), kill(), exec(), exit(), Open handles to
1817 files, directories and network sockets
1819 =item Resource limits
1821 =item Killing the parent process
1823 =item Lifetime of the parent process and pseudo-processes
1825 =item CAVEATS AND LIMITATIONS
1827 BEGIN blocks, Open filehandles, Forking pipe open() not yet implemented,
1828 Global state maintained by XSUBs, Interpreter embedded in larger
1829 application, Thread-safety of extensions
1841 =head2 perlnumber - semantics of numbers and numeric operations in Perl
1849 =item Storing numbers
1851 =item Numeric operators and numeric conversions
1853 =item Flavors of Perl numeric operations
1855 Arithmetic operators except, C<no integer>, Arithmetic operators except,
1856 C<use integer>, Bitwise operators, C<no integer>, Bitwise operators, C<use
1857 integer>, Operators which expect an integer, Operators which expect a
1866 =head2 perlthrtut - tutorial on threads in Perl
1874 =item What Is A Thread Anyway?
1876 =item Threaded Program Models
1888 =item Native threads
1890 =item What kind of threads are Perl threads?
1892 =item Threadsafe Modules
1898 =item Basic Thread Support
1900 =item A Note about the Examples
1902 =item Creating Threads
1904 =item Giving up control
1906 =item Waiting For A Thread To Exit
1908 =item Ignoring A Thread
1912 =item Threads And Data
1916 =item Shared And Unshared Data
1918 =item Thread Pitfalls: Races
1922 =item Synchronization and control
1926 =item Controlling access: lock()
1928 =item A Thread Pitfall: Deadlocks
1930 =item Queues: Passing Data Around
1932 =item Semaphores: Synchronizing Data Access
1934 =item Basic semaphores
1936 =item Advanced Semaphores
1938 =item cond_wait() and cond_signal()
1942 =item General Thread Utility Routines
1946 =item What Thread Am I In?
1950 =item Are These Threads The Same?
1952 =item What Threads Are Running?
1956 =item A Complete Example
1958 =item Performance considerations
1960 =item Threadsafety of System Libraries
1968 =item Introductory Texts
1970 =item OS-Related References
1972 =item Other References
1976 =item Acknowledgements
1984 =head2 perlothrtut - old tutorial on threads in Perl
1990 =item What Is A Thread Anyway?
1992 =item Threaded Program Models
2004 =item Native threads
2006 =item What kind of threads are perl threads?
2008 =item Threadsafe Modules
2014 =item Basic Thread Support
2016 =item Creating Threads
2018 =item Giving up control
2020 =item Waiting For A Thread To Exit
2022 =item Errors In Threads
2024 =item Ignoring A Thread
2028 =item Threads And Data
2032 =item Shared And Unshared Data
2034 =item Thread Pitfall: Races
2036 =item Controlling access: lock()
2038 =item Thread Pitfall: Deadlocks
2040 =item Queues: Passing Data Around
2044 =item Threads And Code
2048 =item Semaphores: Synchronizing Data Access
2050 Basic semaphores, Advanced Semaphores
2052 =item Attributes: Restricting Access To Subroutines
2054 =item Subroutine Locks
2058 =item Locking A Subroutine
2062 =item General Thread Utility Routines
2066 =item What Thread Am I In?
2070 =item Are These Threads The Same?
2072 =item What Threads Are Running?
2076 =item A Complete Example
2084 =item Introductory Texts
2086 =item OS-Related References
2088 =item Other References
2092 =item Acknowledgements
2100 =head2 perlport - Writing portable Perl
2106 Not all Perl programs have to be portable, Nearly all of Perl already I<is>
2115 =item Numbers endianness and Width
2117 =item Files and Filesystems
2119 =item System Interaction
2121 =item Command names versus file pathnames
2123 =item Interprocess Communication (IPC)
2125 =item External Subroutines (XS)
2127 =item Standard Modules
2131 =item Character sets and character encoding
2133 =item Internationalisation
2135 =item System Resources
2145 Mailing list: cpan-testers@perl.org, Testing results:
2146 http://testers.cpan.org/
2154 =item DOS and Derivatives
2162 =item EBCDIC Platforms
2170 =item FUNCTION IMPLEMENTATIONS
2174 =item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions
2176 -I<X> FILEHANDLE, -I<X> EXPR, -I<X>, alarm SECONDS, alarm, binmode
2177 FILEHANDLE, chmod LIST, chown LIST, chroot FILENAME, chroot, crypt
2178 PLAINTEXT,SALT, dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MODE, dump LABEL, exec
2179 LIST, exit EXPR, exit, fcntl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, flock
2180 FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, fork, getlogin, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority
2181 WHICH,WHO, getpwnam NAME, getgrnam NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getpwuid UID,
2182 getgrgid GID, getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER,
2183 getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent, gethostent, getnetent,
2184 getprotoent, getservent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent STAYOPEN,
2185 setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent, endhostent,
2186 endnetent, endprotoent, endservent, getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob
2187 EXPR, glob, ioctl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, kill SIGNAL, LIST, link
2188 OLDFILE,NEWFILE, lstat FILEHANDLE, lstat EXPR, lstat, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG,
2189 msgget KEY,FLAGS, msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS, msgrcv ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, open
2190 FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE, pipe READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, readlink
2191 EXPR, readlink, select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, semctl ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG,
2192 semget KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, setgrent, setpgrp PID,PGRP,
2193 setpriority WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setpwent, setsockopt
2194 SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS,
2195 shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE, shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, sockatmark SOCKET,
2196 socketpair SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, stat FILEHANDLE, stat
2197 EXPR, stat, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen
2198 FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, system LIST, times, truncate
2199 FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, umask EXPR, umask, utime LIST,
2200 wait, waitpid PID,FLAGS
2206 v1.48, 02 February 2001, v1.47, 22 March 2000, v1.46, 12 February 2000,
2207 v1.45, 20 December 1999, v1.44, 19 July 1999, v1.43, 24 May 1999, v1.42, 22
2208 May 1999, v1.41, 19 May 1999, v1.40, 11 April 1999, v1.39, 11 February
2209 1999, v1.38, 31 December 1998, v1.37, 19 December 1998, v1.36, 9 September
2210 1998, v1.35, 13 August 1998, v1.33, 06 August 1998, v1.32, 05 August 1998,
2211 v1.30, 03 August 1998, v1.23, 10 July 1998
2213 =item Supported Platforms
2217 =item AUTHORS / CONTRIBUTORS
2221 =head2 perllocale - Perl locale handling (internationalization and
2228 =item PREPARING TO USE LOCALES
2234 =item The use locale pragma
2236 =item The setlocale function
2238 =item Finding locales
2240 =item LOCALE PROBLEMS
2242 =item Temporarily fixing locale problems
2244 =item Permanently fixing locale problems
2246 =item Permanently fixing your system's locale configuration
2248 =item Fixing system locale configuration
2250 =item The localeconv function
2252 =item I18N::Langinfo
2256 =item LOCALE CATEGORIES
2260 =item Category LC_COLLATE: Collation
2262 =item Category LC_CTYPE: Character Types
2264 =item Category LC_NUMERIC: Numeric Formatting
2266 =item Category LC_MONETARY: Formatting of monetary amounts
2270 =item Other categories
2278 PERL_BADLANG, LC_ALL, LANGUAGE, LC_CTYPE, LC_COLLATE, LC_MONETARY,
2279 LC_NUMERIC, LC_TIME, LANG
2285 =item Backward compatibility
2287 =item I18N:Collate obsolete
2289 =item Sort speed and memory use impacts
2291 =item write() and LC_NUMERIC
2293 =item Freely available locale definitions
2297 =item An imperfect standard
2301 =item Unicode and UTF-8
2307 =item Broken systems
2317 =head2 perluniintro - Perl Unicode introduction
2327 =item Perl's Unicode Support
2329 =item Perl's Unicode Model
2331 =item Unicode and EBCDIC
2333 =item Creating Unicode
2335 =item Handling Unicode
2337 =item Legacy Encodings
2341 =item Displaying Unicode As Text
2345 =item Advanced Topics
2349 =item Questions With Answers
2351 =item Hexadecimal Notation
2353 =item Further Resources
2357 =item UNICODE IN OLDER PERLS
2361 =item ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
2363 =item AUTHOR, COPYRIGHT, AND LICENSE
2367 =head2 perlunicode - Unicode support in Perl
2375 =item Important Caveats
2377 Input and Output Disciplines, Regular Expressions, C<use utf8> still needed
2378 to enable UTF-8/UTF-EBCDIC in scripts
2380 =item Byte and Character Semantics
2382 =item Effects of Character Semantics
2388 =item User-Defined Character Properties
2390 =item Character Encodings for Input and Output
2392 =item Unicode Regular Expression Support Level
2394 =item Unicode Encodings
2396 =item Security Implications of Unicode
2398 =item Unicode in Perl on EBCDIC
2402 =item Using Unicode in XS
2410 =item Interaction with Locales
2412 =item Interaction with Extensions
2422 =head2 perlebcdic - Considerations for running Perl on EBCDIC platforms
2428 =item COMMON CHARACTER CODE SETS
2436 =item Latin 1 (ISO 8859-1)
2440 =item 13 variant characters
2448 =item Unicode code points versus EBCDIC code points
2450 =item Remaining Perl Unicode problems in EBCDIC
2452 =item Unicode and UTF
2458 =item SINGLE OCTET TABLES
2460 recipe 0, recipe 1, recipe 2, recipe 3, recipe 4, recipe 5, recipe 6
2462 =item IDENTIFYING CHARACTER CODE SETS
2476 =item OPERATOR DIFFERENCES
2478 =item FUNCTION DIFFERENCES
2480 chr(), ord(), pack(), print(), printf(), sort(), sprintf(), unpack()
2482 =item REGULAR EXPRESSION DIFFERENCES
2490 =item Ignore ASCII vs. EBCDIC sort differences.
2492 =item MONO CASE then sort data.
2494 =item Convert, sort data, then re convert.
2496 =item Perform sorting on one type of machine only.
2500 =item TRANSFORMATION FORMATS
2504 =item URL decoding and encoding
2506 =item uu encoding and decoding
2508 =item Quoted-Printable encoding and decoding
2510 =item Caesarian ciphers
2514 =item Hashing order and checksums
2518 =item MULTI OCTET CHARACTER SETS
2530 chcp, dataset access, OS/390, z/OS iconv, locales
2550 =head2 perlsec - Perl security
2558 =item Laundering and Detecting Tainted Data
2560 =item Switches On the "#!" Line
2562 =item Cleaning Up Your Path
2566 =item Protecting Your Programs
2576 =head2 perlmod - Perl modules (packages and symbol tables)
2588 =item Package Constructors and Destructors
2594 =item Making your module threadsafe
2602 =head2 perlmodinstall - Installing CPAN Modules
2612 B<DECOMPRESS> the file, B<UNPACK> the file into a directory, B<BUILD> the
2613 module (sometimes unnecessary), B<INSTALL> the module
2627 =head2 perlmodlib - constructing new Perl modules and finding existing ones
2633 =item THE PERL MODULE LIBRARY
2637 =item Pragmatic Modules
2639 attributes, attrs, autouse, base, bigint, bignum, bigrat, blib, bytes,
2640 charnames, constant, diagnostics, encoding, fields, filetest, if, integer,
2641 less, locale, open, ops, overload, re, sigtrap, sort, strict, subs,
2642 threads, utf8, vars, vmsish, warnings, warnings::register
2644 =item Standard Modules
2646 AnyDBM_File, Attribute::Handlers, AutoLoader, AutoSplit, B, B::Asmdata,
2647 B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Concise, B::Debug,
2648 B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex, B::Stackobj, B::Stash,
2649 B::Terse, B::Xref, Benchmark, ByteLoader, CGI, CGI::Apache, CGI::Carp,
2650 CGI::Cookie, CGI::Fast, CGI::Pretty, CGI::Push, CGI::Switch, CGI::Util,
2651 CPAN, CPAN::FirstTime, CPAN::Nox, Carp, Carp::Heavy, Class::ISA,
2652 Class::Struct, Config, Cwd, DB, DB_File, Devel::SelfStubber, Digest,
2653 DirHandle, Dumpvalue, Encode, English, Env, Errno, Exporter,
2654 Exporter::Heavy, ExtUtils::Command, ExtUtils::Command::MM,
2655 ExtUtils::Constant, ExtUtils::Embed, ExtUtils::Install,
2656 ExtUtils::Installed, ExtUtils::Liblist, ExtUtils::MM, ExtUtils::MM_Any,
2657 ExtUtils::MM_BeOS, ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin, ExtUtils::MM_DOS,
2658 ExtUtils::MM_MacOS, ExtUtils::MM_NW5, ExtUtils::MM_OS2, ExtUtils::MM_UWIN,
2659 ExtUtils::MM_Unix, ExtUtils::MM_VMS, ExtUtils::MM_Win32,
2660 ExtUtils::MM_Win95, ExtUtils::MY, ExtUtils::MakeMaker, ExtUtils::Manifest,
2661 ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap, ExtUtils::Mksymlists, ExtUtils::Packlist,
2662 ExtUtils::testlib, Fatal, Fcntl, File::Basename, File::CheckTree,
2663 File::Compare, File::Copy, File::DosGlob, File::Find, File::Path,
2664 File::Spec, File::Spec::Cygwin, File::Spec::Epoc, File::Spec::Functions,
2665 File::Spec::Mac, File::Spec::NW5, File::Spec::OS2, File::Spec::Unix,
2666 File::Spec::VMS, File::Spec::Win32, File::Temp, File::stat, FileCache,
2667 FileHandle, Filter::Simple, FindBin, Getopt::Long, Getopt::Std, Hash::Util,
2668 I18N::Collate, I18N::LangTags, I18N::LangTags::List, IO, IPC::Open2,
2669 IPC::Open3, Locale::Constants, Locale::Country, Locale::Currency,
2670 Locale::Language, Locale::Maketext, Locale::Maketext::TPJ13,
2671 Locale::Script, Math::BigFloat, Math::BigInt, Math::BigInt::Calc,
2672 Math::BigRat, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Memoize, Memoize::AnyDBM_File,
2673 Memoize::Expire, Memoize::ExpireFile, Memoize::ExpireTest,
2674 Memoize::NDBM_File, Memoize::SDBM_File, Memoize::Storable, NDBM_File, NEXT,
2675 Net::Cmd, Net::Config, Net::Domain, Net::FTP, Net::NNTP, Net::Netrc,
2676 Net::POP3, Net::Ping, Net::SMTP, Net::Time, Net::hostent, Net::libnetFAQ,
2677 Net::netent, Net::protoent, Net::servent, O, ODBM_File, Opcode, POSIX,
2678 PerlIO, Pod::Checker, Pod::Find, Pod::Functions, Pod::Html,
2679 Pod::InputObjects, Pod::LaTeX, Pod::Man, Pod::ParseLink, Pod::ParseUtils,
2680 Pod::Parser, Pod::Plainer, Pod::Select, Pod::Text, Pod::Text::Color,
2681 Pod::Text::Overstrike, Pod::Text::Termcap, Pod::Usage, SDBM_File, Safe,
2682 Search::Dict, SelectSaver, SelfLoader, Shell, Socket, Storable, Switch,
2683 Symbol, Term::ANSIColor, Term::Cap, Term::Complete, Term::ReadLine, Test,
2684 Test::Builder, Test::Harness, Test::Harness::Assert,
2685 Test::Harness::Iterator, Test::Harness::Straps, Test::More, Test::Simple,
2686 Test::Tutorial, Text::Abbrev, Text::Balanced, Text::ParseWords,
2687 Text::Soundex, Text::Tabs, Text::Wrap, Thread, Thread::Queue,
2688 Thread::Semaphore, Tie::Array, Tie::File, Tie::Handle, Tie::Hash,
2689 Tie::Memoize, Tie::RefHash, Tie::Scalar, Tie::SubstrHash, Time::Local,
2690 Time::gmtime, Time::localtime, Time::tm, UNIVERSAL, Unicode::Collate,
2691 Unicode::UCD, User::grent, User::pwent, Win32
2693 =item Extension Modules
2705 =item Central America
2717 =item Modules: Creation, Use, and Abuse
2721 =item Guidelines for Module Creation
2723 =item Guidelines for Converting Perl 4 Library Scripts into Modules
2725 =item Guidelines for Reusing Application Code
2733 =head2 perlmodstyle - Perl module style guide
2739 =item QUICK CHECKLIST
2743 =item Before you start
2751 =item Release considerations
2755 =item BEFORE YOU START WRITING A MODULE
2759 =item Has it been done before?
2761 =item Do one thing and do it well
2763 =item What's in a name?
2767 =item DESIGNING AND WRITING YOUR MODULE
2771 =item To OO or not to OO?
2773 =item Designing your API
2775 Write simple routines to do simple things, Separate functionality from
2776 output, Provide sensible shortcuts and defaults, Naming conventions,
2779 =item Strictness and warnings
2781 =item Backwards compatibility
2783 =item Error handling and messages
2787 =item DOCUMENTING YOUR MODULE
2793 =item README, INSTALL, release notes, changelogs
2797 =item RELEASE CONSIDERATIONS
2801 =item Version numbering
2803 =item Pre-requisites
2813 =item COMMON PITFALLS
2817 =item Reinventing the wheel
2819 =item Trying to do too much
2821 =item Inappropriate documentation
2827 L<perlstyle>, L<perlnewmod>, L<perlpod>, L<podchecker>, Testing tools,
2828 http://pause.perl.org/, Any good book on software engineering
2834 =head2 perlnewmod - preparing a new module for distribution
2844 =item What should I make into a module?
2846 =item Step-by-step: Preparing the ground
2848 Look around, Check it's new, Discuss the need, Choose a name, Check again
2850 =item Step-by-step: Making the module
2852 Start with F<h2xs>, Use L<strict|strict> and L<warnings|warnings>, Use
2853 L<Carp|Carp>, Use L<Exporter|Exporter> - wisely!, Use L<plain old
2854 documentation|perlpod>, Write tests, Write the README
2856 =item Step-by-step: Distributing your module
2858 Get a CPAN user ID, C<perl Makefile.PL; make test; make dist>, Upload the
2859 tarball, Announce to the modules list, Announce to clpa, Fix bugs!
2869 =head2 perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl ($Revision: 1.8 $, $Date:
2870 2002/04/07 18:46:13 $)
2880 =item Who supports Perl? Who develops it? Why is it free?
2882 =item Which version of Perl should I use?
2884 =item What are perl4 and perl5?
2886 =item What is perl6?
2888 =item How stable is Perl?
2890 =item Is Perl difficult to learn?
2892 =item How does Perl compare with other languages like Java, Python, REXX,
2895 =item Can I do [task] in Perl?
2897 =item When shouldn't I program in Perl?
2899 =item What's the difference between "perl" and "Perl"?
2901 =item Is it a Perl program or a Perl script?
2903 =item What is a JAPH?
2905 =item Where can I get a list of Larry Wall witticisms?
2907 =item How can I convince my sysadmin/supervisor/employees to use version
2908 5/5.6.1/Perl instead of some other language?
2912 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
2916 =head2 perlfaq2 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl ($Revision: 1.13 $,
2917 $Date: 2002/04/26 16:56:35 $)
2925 =item What machines support Perl? Where do I get it?
2927 =item How can I get a binary version of Perl?
2929 =item I don't have a C compiler on my system. How can I compile perl?
2931 =item I copied the Perl binary from one machine to another, but scripts
2934 =item I grabbed the sources and tried to compile but gdbm/dynamic
2935 loading/malloc/linking/... failed. How do I make it work?
2937 =item What modules and extensions are available for Perl? What is CPAN?
2938 What does CPAN/src/... mean?
2940 =item Is there an ISO or ANSI certified version of Perl?
2942 =item Where can I get information on Perl?
2944 =item What are the Perl newsgroups on Usenet? Where do I post questions?
2946 =item Where should I post source code?
2950 References, Tutorials, Task-Oriented, Special Topics
2952 =item Perl in Magazines
2954 =item Perl on the Net: FTP and WWW Access
2956 =item What mailing lists are there for Perl?
2958 =item Archives of comp.lang.perl.misc
2960 =item Where can I buy a commercial version of Perl?
2962 =item Where do I send bug reports?
2964 =item What is perl.com? Perl Mongers? pm.org? perl.org? cpan.org?
2968 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
2972 =head2 perlfaq3 - Programming Tools ($Revision: 1.22 $, $Date: 2002/05/06
2981 =item How do I do (anything)?
2983 =item How can I use Perl interactively?
2985 =item Is there a Perl shell?
2987 =item How do I debug my Perl programs?
2989 =item How do I profile my Perl programs?
2991 =item How do I cross-reference my Perl programs?
2993 =item Is there a pretty-printer (formatter) for Perl?
2995 =item Is there a ctags for Perl?
2997 =item Is there an IDE or Windows Perl Editor?
2999 Komodo, The Object System, Open Perl IDE, PerlBuilder, visiPerl+, OptiPerl,
3000 CodeMagicCD, GNU Emacs, MicroEMACS, XEmacs, Elvis, Vile, Vim, Codewright,
3001 MultiEdit, SlickEdit, Bash, Ksh, Tcsh, Zsh, BBEdit and BBEdit Lite, Alpha
3003 =item Where can I get Perl macros for vi?
3005 =item Where can I get perl-mode for emacs?
3007 =item How can I use curses with Perl?
3009 =item How can I use X or Tk with Perl?
3011 =item How can I generate simple menus without using CGI or Tk?
3013 =item How can I make my Perl program run faster?
3015 =item How can I make my Perl program take less memory?
3017 Don't slurp!, Use map and grep selectively, Avoid unnecessary quotes and
3018 stringification, Pass by reference, Tie large variables to disk
3020 =item Is it unsafe to return a pointer to local data?
3022 =item How can I free an array or hash so my program shrinks?
3024 =item How can I make my CGI script more efficient?
3026 =item How can I hide the source for my Perl program?
3028 =item How can I compile my Perl program into byte code or C?
3030 =item How can I compile Perl into Java?
3032 =item How can I get C<#!perl> to work on [MS-DOS,NT,...]?
3034 =item Can I write useful Perl programs on the command line?
3036 =item Why don't Perl one-liners work on my DOS/Mac/VMS system?
3038 =item Where can I learn about CGI or Web programming in Perl?
3040 =item Where can I learn about object-oriented Perl programming?
3042 =item Where can I learn about linking C with Perl? [h2xs, xsubpp]
3044 =item I've read perlembed, perlguts, etc., but I can't embed perl in
3045 my C program; what am I doing wrong?
3047 =item When I tried to run my script, I got this message. What does it mean?
3049 =item What's MakeMaker?
3053 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
3057 =head2 perlfaq4 - Data Manipulation ($Revision: 1.25 $, $Date: 2002/05/30
3068 =item Why am I getting long decimals (eg, 19.9499999999999) instead of the
3069 numbers I should be getting (eg, 19.95)?
3071 =item Why isn't my octal data interpreted correctly?
3073 =item Does Perl have a round() function? What about ceil() and floor()?
3076 =item How do I convert between numeric representations?
3078 How do I convert hexadecimal into decimal, How do I convert from decimal to
3079 hexadecimal, How do I convert from octal to decimal, How do I convert from
3080 decimal to octal, How do I convert from binary to decimal, How do I convert
3081 from decimal to binary
3083 =item Why doesn't & work the way I want it to?
3085 =item How do I multiply matrices?
3087 =item How do I perform an operation on a series of integers?
3089 =item How can I output Roman numerals?
3091 =item Why aren't my random numbers random?
3093 =item How do I get a random number between X and Y?
3101 =item How do I find the week-of-the-year/day-of-the-year?
3103 =item How do I find the current century or millennium?
3105 =item How can I compare two dates and find the difference?
3107 =item How can I take a string and turn it into epoch seconds?
3109 =item How can I find the Julian Day?
3111 =item How do I find yesterday's date?
3113 =item Does Perl have a Year 2000 problem? Is Perl Y2K compliant?
3121 =item How do I validate input?
3123 =item How do I unescape a string?
3125 =item How do I remove consecutive pairs of characters?
3127 =item How do I expand function calls in a string?
3129 =item How do I find matching/nesting anything?
3131 =item How do I reverse a string?
3133 =item How do I expand tabs in a string?
3135 =item How do I reformat a paragraph?
3137 =item How can I access/change the first N letters of a string?
3139 =item How do I change the Nth occurrence of something?
3141 =item How can I count the number of occurrences of a substring within a
3144 =item How do I capitalize all the words on one line?
3146 =item How can I split a [character] delimited string except when inside
3147 [character]? (Comma-separated files)
3149 =item How do I strip blank space from the beginning/end of a string?
3151 =item How do I pad a string with blanks or pad a number with zeroes?
3153 =item How do I extract selected columns from a string?
3155 =item How do I find the soundex value of a string?
3157 =item How can I expand variables in text strings?
3159 =item What's wrong with always quoting "$vars"?
3161 =item Why don't my <<HERE documents work?
3163 1. There must be no space after the << part, 2. There (probably) should be
3164 a semicolon at the end, 3. You can't (easily) have any space in front of
3173 =item What is the difference between a list and an array?
3175 =item What is the difference between $array[1] and @array[1]?
3177 =item How can I remove duplicate elements from a list or array?
3181 =item How can I tell whether a certain element is contained in a list or
3184 =item How do I compute the difference of two arrays? How do I compute the
3185 intersection of two arrays?
3187 =item How do I test whether two arrays or hashes are equal?
3189 =item How do I find the first array element for which a condition is true?
3191 =item How do I handle linked lists?
3193 =item How do I handle circular lists?
3195 =item How do I shuffle an array randomly?
3197 =item How do I process/modify each element of an array?
3199 =item How do I select a random element from an array?
3201 =item How do I permute N elements of a list?
3203 =item How do I sort an array by (anything)?
3205 =item How do I manipulate arrays of bits?
3207 =item Why does defined() return true on empty arrays and hashes?
3211 =item Data: Hashes (Associative Arrays)
3215 =item How do I process an entire hash?
3217 =item What happens if I add or remove keys from a hash while iterating over
3220 =item How do I look up a hash element by value?
3222 =item How can I know how many entries are in a hash?
3224 =item How do I sort a hash (optionally by value instead of key)?
3226 =item How can I always keep my hash sorted?
3228 =item What's the difference between "delete" and "undef" with hashes?
3230 =item Why don't my tied hashes make the defined/exists distinction?
3232 =item How do I reset an each() operation part-way through?
3234 =item How can I get the unique keys from two hashes?
3236 =item How can I store a multidimensional array in a DBM file?
3238 =item How can I make my hash remember the order I put elements into it?
3240 =item Why does passing a subroutine an undefined element in a hash create
3243 =item How can I make the Perl equivalent of a C structure/C++ class/hash or
3244 array of hashes or arrays?
3246 =item How can I use a reference as a hash key?
3254 =item How do I handle binary data correctly?
3256 =item How do I determine whether a scalar is a number/whole/integer/float?
3258 =item How do I keep persistent data across program calls?
3260 =item How do I print out or copy a recursive data structure?
3262 =item How do I define methods for every class/object?
3264 =item How do I verify a credit card checksum?
3266 =item How do I pack arrays of doubles or floats for XS code?
3270 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
3274 =head2 perlfaq5 - Files and Formats ($Revision: 1.18 $, $Date: 2002/05/30
3283 =item How do I flush/unbuffer an output filehandle? Why must I do this?
3285 =item How do I change one line in a file/delete a line in a file/insert a
3286 line in the middle of a file/append to the beginning of a file?
3288 =item How do I count the number of lines in a file?
3290 =item How do I make a temporary file name?
3292 =item How can I manipulate fixed-record-length files?
3294 =item How can I make a filehandle local to a subroutine? How do I pass
3295 filehandles between subroutines? How do I make an array of filehandles?
3297 =item How can I use a filehandle indirectly?
3299 =item How can I set up a footer format to be used with write()?
3301 =item How can I write() into a string?
3303 =item How can I output my numbers with commas added?
3305 =item How can I translate tildes (~) in a filename?
3307 =item How come when I open a file read-write it wipes it out?
3309 =item Why do I sometimes get an "Argument list too long" when I use <*>?
3311 =item Is there a leak/bug in glob()?
3313 =item How can I open a file with a leading ">" or trailing blanks?
3315 =item How can I reliably rename a file?
3317 =item How can I lock a file?
3319 =item Why can't I just open(FH, ">file.lock")?
3321 =item I still don't get locking. I just want to increment the number in
3322 the file. How can I do this?
3324 =item All I want to do is append a small amount of text to the end of a
3325 file. Do I still have to use locking?
3327 =item How do I randomly update a binary file?
3329 =item How do I get a file's timestamp in perl?
3331 =item How do I set a file's timestamp in perl?
3333 =item How do I print to more than one file at once?
3335 =item How can I read in an entire file all at once?
3337 =item How can I read in a file by paragraphs?
3339 =item How can I read a single character from a file? From the keyboard?
3341 =item How can I tell whether there's a character waiting on a filehandle?
3343 =item How do I do a C<tail -f> in perl?
3345 =item How do I dup() a filehandle in Perl?
3347 =item How do I close a file descriptor by number?
3349 =item Why can't I use "C:\temp\foo" in DOS paths? Why doesn't
3350 `C:\temp\foo.exe` work?
3352 =item Why doesn't glob("*.*") get all the files?
3354 =item Why does Perl let me delete read-only files? Why does C<-i> clobber
3355 protected files? Isn't this a bug in Perl?
3357 =item How do I select a random line from a file?
3359 =item Why do I get weird spaces when I print an array of lines?
3363 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
3367 =head2 perlfaq6 - Regular Expressions ($Revision: 1.12 $, $Date: 2002/06/01
3376 =item How can I hope to use regular expressions without creating illegible
3377 and unmaintainable code?
3379 Comments Outside the Regex, Comments Inside the Regex, Different Delimiters
3381 =item I'm having trouble matching over more than one line. What's wrong?
3383 =item How can I pull out lines between two patterns that are themselves on
3386 =item I put a regular expression into $/ but it didn't work. What's wrong?
3388 =item How do I substitute case insensitively on the LHS while preserving
3391 =item How can I make C<\w> match national character sets?
3393 =item How can I match a locale-smart version of C</[a-zA-Z]/>?
3395 =item How can I quote a variable to use in a regex?
3397 =item What is C</o> really for?
3399 =item How do I use a regular expression to strip C style comments from a
3402 =item Can I use Perl regular expressions to match balanced text?
3404 =item What does it mean that regexes are greedy? How can I get around it?
3406 =item How do I process each word on each line?
3408 =item How can I print out a word-frequency or line-frequency summary?
3410 =item How can I do approximate matching?
3412 =item How do I efficiently match many regular expressions at once?
3414 =item Why don't word-boundary searches with C<\b> work for me?
3416 =item Why does using $&, $`, or $' slow my program down?
3418 =item What good is C<\G> in a regular expression?
3420 =item Are Perl regexes DFAs or NFAs? Are they POSIX compliant?
3422 =item What's wrong with using grep or map in a void context?
3424 =item How can I match strings with multibyte characters?
3426 =item How do I match a pattern that is supplied by the user?
3430 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
3434 =head2 perlfaq7 - General Perl Language Issues ($Revision: 1.8 $, $Date:
3435 2002/03/26 15:48:32 $)
3443 =item Can I get a BNF/yacc/RE for the Perl language?
3445 =item What are all these $@%&* punctuation signs, and how do I know when to
3448 =item Do I always/never have to quote my strings or use semicolons and
3451 =item How do I skip some return values?
3453 =item How do I temporarily block warnings?
3455 =item What's an extension?
3457 =item Why do Perl operators have different precedence than C operators?
3459 =item How do I declare/create a structure?
3461 =item How do I create a module?
3463 =item How do I create a class?
3465 =item How can I tell if a variable is tainted?
3467 =item What's a closure?
3469 =item What is variable suicide and how can I prevent it?
3471 =item How can I pass/return a {Function, FileHandle, Array, Hash, Method,
3474 Passing Variables and Functions, Passing Filehandles, Passing Regexes,
3477 =item How do I create a static variable?
3479 =item What's the difference between dynamic and lexical (static) scoping?
3480 Between local() and my()?
3482 =item How can I access a dynamic variable while a similarly named lexical
3485 =item What's the difference between deep and shallow binding?
3487 =item Why doesn't "my($foo) = <FILE>;" work right?
3489 =item How do I redefine a builtin function, operator, or method?
3491 =item What's the difference between calling a function as &foo and foo()?
3493 =item How do I create a switch or case statement?
3495 =item How can I catch accesses to undefined variables/functions/methods?
3497 =item Why can't a method included in this same file be found?
3499 =item How can I find out my current package?
3501 =item How can I comment out a large block of perl code?
3503 =item How do I clear a package?
3505 =item How can I use a variable as a variable name?
3509 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
3513 =head2 perlfaq8 - System Interaction ($Revision: 1.8 $, $Date: 2002/05/16
3522 =item How do I find out which operating system I'm running under?
3524 =item How come exec() doesn't return?
3526 =item How do I do fancy stuff with the keyboard/screen/mouse?
3528 Keyboard, Screen, Mouse
3530 =item How do I print something out in color?
3532 =item How do I read just one key without waiting for a return key?
3534 =item How do I check whether input is ready on the keyboard?
3536 =item How do I clear the screen?
3538 =item How do I get the screen size?
3540 =item How do I ask the user for a password?
3542 =item How do I read and write the serial port?
3544 lockfiles, open mode, end of line, flushing output, non-blocking input
3546 =item How do I decode encrypted password files?
3548 =item How do I start a process in the background?
3550 STDIN, STDOUT, and STDERR are shared, Signals, Zombies
3552 =item How do I trap control characters/signals?
3554 =item How do I modify the shadow password file on a Unix system?
3556 =item How do I set the time and date?
3558 =item How can I sleep() or alarm() for under a second?
3560 =item How can I measure time under a second?
3562 =item How can I do an atexit() or setjmp()/longjmp()? (Exception handling)
3564 =item Why doesn't my sockets program work under System V (Solaris)? What
3565 does the error message "Protocol not supported" mean?
3567 =item How can I call my system's unique C functions from Perl?
3569 =item Where do I get the include files to do ioctl() or syscall()?
3571 =item Why do setuid perl scripts complain about kernel problems?
3573 =item How can I open a pipe both to and from a command?
3575 =item Why can't I get the output of a command with system()?
3577 =item How can I capture STDERR from an external command?
3579 =item Why doesn't open() return an error when a pipe open fails?
3581 =item What's wrong with using backticks in a void context?
3583 =item How can I call backticks without shell processing?
3585 =item Why can't my script read from STDIN after I gave it EOF (^D on Unix,
3588 =item How can I convert my shell script to perl?
3590 =item Can I use perl to run a telnet or ftp session?
3592 =item How can I write expect in Perl?
3594 =item Is there a way to hide perl's command line from programs such as
3597 =item I {changed directory, modified my environment} in a perl script. How
3598 come the change disappeared when I exited the script? How do I get my
3599 changes to be visible?
3603 =item How do I close a process's filehandle without waiting for it to
3606 =item How do I fork a daemon process?
3608 =item How do I find out if I'm running interactively or not?
3610 =item How do I timeout a slow event?
3612 =item How do I set CPU limits?
3614 =item How do I avoid zombies on a Unix system?
3616 =item How do I use an SQL database?
3618 =item How do I make a system() exit on control-C?
3620 =item How do I open a file without blocking?
3622 =item How do I install a module from CPAN?
3624 =item What's the difference between require and use?
3626 =item How do I keep my own module/library directory?
3628 =item How do I add the directory my program lives in to the module/library
3631 =item How do I add a directory to my include path at runtime?
3633 =item What is socket.ph and where do I get it?
3637 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
3641 =head2 perlfaq9 - Networking ($Revision: 1.9 $, $Date: 2002/04/07 18:46:13
3650 =item What is the correct form of response from a CGI script?
3652 =item My CGI script runs from the command line but not the browser. (500
3655 =item How can I get better error messages from a CGI program?
3657 =item How do I remove HTML from a string?
3659 =item How do I extract URLs?
3661 =item How do I download a file from the user's machine? How do I open a
3662 file on another machine?
3664 =item How do I make a pop-up menu in HTML?
3666 =item How do I fetch an HTML file?
3668 =item How do I automate an HTML form submission?
3670 =item How do I decode or create those %-encodings on the web?
3672 =item How do I redirect to another page?
3674 =item How do I put a password on my web pages?
3676 =item How do I edit my .htpasswd and .htgroup files with Perl?
3678 =item How do I make sure users can't enter values into a form that cause my
3679 CGI script to do bad things?
3681 =item How do I parse a mail header?
3683 =item How do I decode a CGI form?
3685 =item How do I check a valid mail address?
3687 =item How do I decode a MIME/BASE64 string?
3689 =item How do I return the user's mail address?
3691 =item How do I send mail?
3693 =item How do I use MIME to make an attachment to a mail message?
3695 =item How do I read mail?
3697 =item How do I find out my hostname/domainname/IP address?
3699 =item How do I fetch a news article or the active newsgroups?
3701 =item How do I fetch/put an FTP file?
3703 =item How can I do RPC in Perl?
3707 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
3711 =head2 perlcompile - Introduction to the Perl Compiler-Translator
3721 B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Lint, B::Deparse, B::Xref
3725 =item Using The Back Ends
3729 =item The Cross Referencing Back End
3733 =item The Decompiling Back End
3735 =item The Lint Back End
3737 =item The Simple C Back End
3739 =item The Bytecode Back End
3741 =item The Optimized C Back End
3745 =item Module List for the Compiler Suite
3747 B, O, B::Asmdata, B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC,
3748 B::Concise, B::Debug, B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex,
3749 B::Stackobj, B::Stash, B::Terse, B::Xref
3751 =item KNOWN PROBLEMS
3757 =head2 perlembed - how to embed perl in your C program
3767 B<Use C from Perl?>, B<Use a Unix program from Perl?>, B<Use Perl from
3768 Perl?>, B<Use C from C?>, B<Use Perl from C?>
3772 =item Compiling your C program
3774 =item Adding a Perl interpreter to your C program
3776 =item Calling a Perl subroutine from your C program
3778 =item Evaluating a Perl statement from your C program
3780 =item Performing Perl pattern matches and substitutions from your C program
3782 =item Fiddling with the Perl stack from your C program
3784 =item Maintaining a persistent interpreter
3786 =item Execution of END blocks
3788 =item Maintaining multiple interpreter instances
3790 =item Using Perl modules, which themselves use C libraries, from your C
3795 =item Embedding Perl under Win32
3805 =head2 perldebguts - Guts of Perl debugging
3811 =item Debugger Internals
3815 =item Writing Your Own Debugger
3819 =item Frame Listing Output Examples
3821 =item Debugging regular expressions
3825 =item Compile-time output
3827 C<anchored> I<STRING> C<at> I<POS>, C<floating> I<STRING> C<at>
3828 I<POS1..POS2>, C<matching floating/anchored>, C<minlen>, C<stclass>
3829 I<TYPE>, C<noscan>, C<isall>, C<GPOS>, C<plus>, C<implicit>, C<with eval>,
3832 =item Types of nodes
3834 =item Run-time output
3838 =item Debugging Perl memory usage
3842 =item Using C<$ENV{PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS}>
3844 C<buckets SMALLEST(APPROX)..GREATEST(APPROX)>, Free/Used, C<Total sbrk():
3845 SBRKed/SBRKs:CONTINUOUS>, C<pad: 0>, C<heads: 2192>, C<chain: 0>, C<tail:
3848 =item Example of using B<-DL> switch
3850 C<717>, C<002>, C<054>, C<602>, C<702>, C<704>
3852 =item B<-DL> details
3856 =item Limitations of B<-DL> statistics
3864 =head2 perlxstut, perlXStut - Tutorial for writing XSUBs
3876 =item Version caveat
3878 =item Dynamic Loading versus Static Loading
3890 =item What has gone on?
3892 =item Writing good test scripts
3896 =item What's new here?
3898 =item Input and Output Parameters
3900 =item The XSUBPP Program
3902 =item The TYPEMAP file
3904 =item Warning about Output Arguments
3908 =item What has happened here?
3910 =item Anatomy of .xs file
3912 =item Getting the fat out of XSUBs
3914 =item More about XSUB arguments
3916 =item The Argument Stack
3918 =item Extending your Extension
3920 =item Documenting your Extension
3922 =item Installing your Extension
3926 =item New Things in this Example
3930 =item New Things in this Example
3932 =item EXAMPLE 7 (Coming Soon)
3934 =item EXAMPLE 8 (Coming Soon)
3936 =item EXAMPLE 9 Passing open files to XSes
3938 =item Troubleshooting these Examples
3954 =head2 perlxs - XS language reference manual
3966 =item The Anatomy of an XSUB
3968 =item The Argument Stack
3970 =item The RETVAL Variable
3972 =item The MODULE Keyword
3974 =item The PACKAGE Keyword
3976 =item The PREFIX Keyword
3978 =item The OUTPUT: Keyword
3980 =item The NO_OUTPUT Keyword
3982 =item The CODE: Keyword
3984 =item The INIT: Keyword
3986 =item The NO_INIT Keyword
3988 =item Initializing Function Parameters
3990 =item Default Parameter Values
3992 =item The PREINIT: Keyword
3994 =item The SCOPE: Keyword
3996 =item The INPUT: Keyword
3998 =item The IN/OUTLIST/IN_OUTLIST/OUT/IN_OUT Keywords
4000 =item The C<length(NAME)> Keyword
4002 =item Variable-length Parameter Lists
4004 =item The C_ARGS: Keyword
4006 =item The PPCODE: Keyword
4008 =item Returning Undef And Empty Lists
4010 =item The REQUIRE: Keyword
4012 =item The CLEANUP: Keyword
4014 =item The POSTCALL: Keyword
4016 =item The BOOT: Keyword
4018 =item The VERSIONCHECK: Keyword
4020 =item The PROTOTYPES: Keyword
4022 =item The PROTOTYPE: Keyword
4024 =item The ALIAS: Keyword
4026 =item The OVERLOAD: Keyword
4028 =item The INTERFACE: Keyword
4030 =item The INTERFACE_MACRO: Keyword
4032 =item The INCLUDE: Keyword
4034 =item The CASE: Keyword
4036 =item The & Unary Operator
4038 =item Inserting POD, Comments and C Preprocessor Directives
4040 =item Using XS With C++
4042 =item Interface Strategy
4044 =item Perl Objects And C Structures
4048 =item Safely Storing Static Data in XS
4050 MY_CXT_KEY, typedef my_cxt_t, START_MY_CXT, MY_CXT_INIT, dMY_CXT, MY_CXT
4062 =head2 perlclib - Internal replacements for standard C library functions
4072 C<t>, C<p>, C<n>, C<s>
4074 =item File Operations
4076 =item File Input and Output
4078 =item File Positioning
4080 =item Memory Management and String Handling
4082 =item Character Class Tests
4084 =item F<stdlib.h> functions
4086 =item Miscellaneous functions
4094 =head2 perlguts - Introduction to the Perl API
4106 =item What is an "IV"?
4108 =item Working with SVs
4112 =item What's Really Stored in an SV?
4114 =item Working with AVs
4116 =item Working with HVs
4118 =item Hash API Extensions
4122 =item Blessed References and Class Objects
4124 =item Creating New Variables
4126 GV_ADDMULTI, GV_ADDWARN
4128 =item Reference Counts and Mortality
4130 =item Stashes and Globs
4132 =item Double-Typed SVs
4134 =item Magic Variables
4136 =item Assigning Magic
4138 =item Magic Virtual Tables
4142 =item Understanding the Magic of Tied Hashes and Arrays
4144 =item Localizing changes
4146 C<SAVEINT(int i)>, C<SAVEIV(IV i)>, C<SAVEI32(I32 i)>, C<SAVELONG(long i)>,
4147 C<SAVESPTR(s)>, C<SAVEPPTR(p)>, C<SAVEFREESV(SV *sv)>, C<SAVEMORTALIZESV(SV
4148 *sv)>, C<SAVEFREEOP(OP *op)>, C<SAVEFREEPV(p)>, C<SAVECLEARSV(SV *sv)>,
4149 C<SAVEDELETE(HV *hv, char *key, I32 length)>,
4150 C<SAVEDESTRUCTOR(DESTRUCTORFUNC_NOCONTEXT_t f, void *p)>,
4151 C<SAVEDESTRUCTOR_X(DESTRUCTORFUNC_t f, void *p)>, C<SAVESTACK_POS()>, C<SV*
4152 save_scalar(GV *gv)>, C<AV* save_ary(GV *gv)>, C<HV* save_hash(GV *gv)>,
4153 C<void save_item(SV *item)>, C<void save_list(SV **sarg, I32 maxsarg)>,
4154 C<SV* save_svref(SV **sptr)>, C<void save_aptr(AV **aptr)>, C<void
4155 save_hptr(HV **hptr)>
4163 =item XSUBs and the Argument Stack
4165 =item Calling Perl Routines from within C Programs
4167 =item Memory Allocation
4171 =item Putting a C value on Perl stack
4175 =item Scratchpads and recursion
4185 =item Examining the tree
4187 =item Compile pass 1: check routines
4189 =item Compile pass 1a: constant folding
4191 =item Compile pass 2: context propagation
4193 =item Compile pass 3: peephole optimization
4195 =item Pluggable runops
4199 =item Examining internal data structures with the C<dump> functions
4201 =item How multiple interpreters and concurrency are supported
4205 =item Background and PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
4207 =item So what happened to dTHR?
4209 =item How do I use all this in extensions?
4211 =item Should I do anything special if I call perl from multiple threads?
4213 =item Future Plans and PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
4217 =item Internal Functions
4219 A, p, d, s, n, r, f, M, o, j, x
4223 =item Formatted Printing of IVs, UVs, and NVs
4225 =item Pointer-To-Integer and Integer-To-Pointer
4227 =item Source Documentation
4231 =item Unicode Support
4235 =item What B<is> Unicode, anyway?
4237 =item How can I recognise a UTF8 string?
4239 =item How does UTF8 represent Unicode characters?
4241 =item How does Perl store UTF8 strings?
4243 =item How do I convert a string to UTF8?
4245 =item Is there anything else I need to know?
4249 =item Custom Operators
4257 =head2 perlcall - Perl calling conventions from C
4263 An Error Handler, An Event Driven Program
4265 =item THE CALL_ FUNCTIONS
4267 call_sv, call_pv, call_method, call_argv
4287 =item Determining the Context
4291 =item KNOWN PROBLEMS
4297 =item No Parameters, Nothing returned
4299 =item Passing Parameters
4301 =item Returning a Scalar
4303 =item Returning a list of values
4305 =item Returning a list in a scalar context
4307 =item Returning Data from Perl via the parameter list
4311 =item Using G_KEEPERR
4315 =item Using call_argv
4317 =item Using call_method
4321 =item Using Perl to dispose of temporaries
4323 =item Strategies for storing Callback Context Information
4325 1. Ignore the problem - Allow only 1 callback, 2. Create a sequence of
4326 callbacks - hard wired limit, 3. Use a parameter to map to the Perl
4329 =item Alternate Stack Manipulation
4331 =item Creating and calling an anonymous subroutine in C
4343 =head2 perlutil - utilities packaged with the Perl distribution
4353 L<perldoc|perldoc>, L<pod2man|pod2man> and L<pod2text|pod2text>,
4354 L<pod2html|pod2html> and L<pod2latex|pod2latex>, L<pod2usage|pod2usage>,
4355 L<podselect|podselect>, L<podchecker|podchecker>, L<splain|splain>,
4356 L<roffitall|roffitall>
4360 L<a2p|a2p>, L<s2p|s2p>, L<find2perl|find2perl>
4362 =item Administration
4364 L<libnetcfg|libnetcfg>
4368 L<perlbug|perlbug>, L<h2ph|h2ph>, L<c2ph|c2ph> and L<pstruct|pstruct>,
4369 L<h2xs|h2xs>, L<dprofpp|dprofpp>, L<perlcc|perlcc>
4377 =head2 perlfilter - Source Filters
4387 =item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER
4389 =item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN C
4391 B<Decryption Filters>
4393 =item CREATING A SOURCE FILTER AS A SEPARATE EXECUTABLE
4395 =item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN PERL
4397 =item USING CONTEXT: THE DEBUG FILTER
4409 =head2 perldbmfilter - Perl DBM Filters
4417 B<filter_store_key>, B<filter_store_value>, B<filter_fetch_key>,
4418 B<filter_fetch_value>
4424 =item An Example -- the NULL termination problem.
4426 =item Another Example -- Key is a C int.
4436 =head2 perlapi - autogenerated documentation for the perl public API
4442 =item "Gimme" Values
4444 GIMME, GIMME_V, G_ARRAY, G_DISCARD, G_EVAL, G_NOARGS, G_SCALAR, G_VOID
4446 =item Array Manipulation Functions
4448 AvFILL, av_clear, av_delete, av_exists, av_extend, av_fetch, av_fill,
4449 av_len, av_make, av_pop, av_push, av_shift, av_store, av_undef, av_unshift,
4450 get_av, newAV, Nullav, sortsv
4452 =item Callback Functions
4454 call_argv, call_method, call_pv, call_sv, ENTER, eval_pv, eval_sv,
4455 FREETMPS, LEAVE, SAVETMPS
4457 =item Character classes
4459 isALNUM, isALPHA, isDIGIT, isLOWER, isSPACE, isUPPER, toLOWER, toUPPER
4461 =item Cloning an interpreter
4465 =item CV Manipulation Functions
4467 CvSTASH, get_cv, Nullcv
4469 =item Embedding Functions
4471 load_module, nothreadhook, perl_alloc, perl_construct, perl_destruct,
4472 perl_free, perl_parse, perl_run, require_pv
4474 =item Functions in file pp_pack.c
4476 pack_cat, unpack_str
4478 =item Global Variables
4480 PL_modglobal, PL_na, PL_sv_no, PL_sv_undef, PL_sv_yes
4484 GvSV, gv_fetchmeth, gv_fetchmethod, gv_fetchmethod_autoload,
4485 gv_fetchmeth_autoload, gv_stashpv, gv_stashsv
4489 HEf_SVKEY, Nullch, Nullsv
4491 =item Hash Manipulation Functions
4493 get_hv, HeHASH, HeKEY, HeKLEN, HePV, HeSVKEY, HeSVKEY_force, HeSVKEY_set,
4494 HeVAL, HvNAME, hv_clear, hv_delete, hv_delete_ent, hv_exists,
4495 hv_exists_ent, hv_fetch, hv_fetch_ent, hv_iterinit, hv_iterkey,
4496 hv_iterkeysv, hv_iternext, hv_iternextsv, hv_iternext_flags, hv_iterval,
4497 hv_magic, hv_store, hv_store_ent, hv_undef, newHV, Nullhv
4499 =item Magical Functions
4501 mg_clear, mg_copy, mg_find, mg_free, mg_get, mg_length, mg_magical, mg_set,
4502 SvGETMAGIC, SvLOCK, SvSETMAGIC, SvSetMagicSV, SvSetMagicSV_nosteal,
4503 SvSetSV, SvSetSV_nosteal, SvSHARE
4505 =item Memory Management
4507 Copy, Move, New, Newc, NEWSV, Newz, Poison, Renew, Renewc, Safefree,
4508 savepv, savepvn, savesharedpv, StructCopy, Zero
4510 =item Miscellaneous Functions
4512 fbm_compile, fbm_instr, form, getcwd_sv, strEQ, strGE, strGT, strLE, strLT,
4513 strNE, strnEQ, strnNE
4515 =item Numeric functions
4517 grok_bin, grok_hex, grok_number, grok_numeric_radix, grok_oct, scan_bin,
4520 =item Optree Manipulation Functions
4522 cv_const_sv, newCONSTSUB, newXS
4524 =item Stack Manipulation Macros
4526 dMARK, dORIGMARK, dSP, EXTEND, MARK, ORIGMARK, POPi, POPl, POPn, POPp,
4527 POPpbytex, POPpx, POPs, PUSHi, PUSHMARK, PUSHn, PUSHp, PUSHs, PUSHu,
4528 PUTBACK, SP, SPAGAIN, XPUSHi, XPUSHn, XPUSHp, XPUSHs, XPUSHu, XSRETURN,
4529 XSRETURN_IV, XSRETURN_NO, XSRETURN_NV, XSRETURN_PV, XSRETURN_UNDEF,
4530 XSRETURN_YES, XST_mIV, XST_mNO, XST_mNV, XST_mPV, XST_mUNDEF, XST_mYES
4534 svtype, SVt_IV, SVt_NV, SVt_PV, SVt_PVAV, SVt_PVCV, SVt_PVHV, SVt_PVMG
4536 =item SV Manipulation Functions
4538 get_sv, looks_like_number, newRV_inc, newRV_noinc, newSV, newSViv, newSVnv,
4539 newSVpv, newSVpvf, newSVpvn, newSVpvn_share, newSVrv, newSVsv, newSVuv,
4540 new_vstring, SvCUR, SvCUR_set, SvEND, SvGROW, SvIOK, SvIOKp, SvIOK_notUV,
4541 SvIOK_off, SvIOK_on, SvIOK_only, SvIOK_only_UV, SvIOK_UV, SvIV, SvIVx,
4542 SvIVX, SvLEN, SvNIOK, SvNIOKp, SvNIOK_off, SvNOK, SvNOKp, SvNOK_off,
4543 SvNOK_on, SvNOK_only, SvNV, SvNVX, SvNVx, SvOK, SvOOK, SvPOK, SvPOKp,
4544 SvPOK_off, SvPOK_on, SvPOK_only, SvPOK_only_UTF8, SvPV, SvPVbyte,
4545 SvPVbytex, SvPVbytex_force, SvPVbyte_force, SvPVbyte_nolen, SvPVutf8,
4546 SvPVutf8x, SvPVutf8x_force, SvPVutf8_force, SvPVutf8_nolen, SvPVx, SvPVX,
4547 SvPV_force, SvPV_force_nomg, SvPV_nolen, SvREFCNT, SvREFCNT_dec,
4548 SvREFCNT_inc, SvROK, SvROK_off, SvROK_on, SvRV, SvSTASH, SvTAINT,
4549 SvTAINTED, SvTAINTED_off, SvTAINTED_on, SvTRUE, SvTYPE, SvUNLOCK, SvUOK,
4550 SvUPGRADE, SvUTF8, SvUTF8_off, SvUTF8_on, SvUV, SvUVX, SvUVx, sv_2bool,
4551 sv_2cv, sv_2io, sv_2iv, sv_2mortal, sv_2nv, sv_2pvbyte, sv_2pvbyte_nolen,
4552 sv_2pvutf8, sv_2pvutf8_nolen, sv_2pv_flags, sv_2pv_nolen, sv_2uv,
4553 sv_backoff, sv_bless, sv_catpv, sv_catpvf, sv_catpvf_mg, sv_catpvn,
4554 sv_catpvn_flags, sv_catpvn_mg, sv_catpv_mg, sv_catsv, sv_catsv_flags,
4555 sv_catsv_mg, sv_chop, sv_clear, sv_cmp, sv_cmp_locale, sv_collxfrm,
4556 sv_copypv, sv_dec, sv_derived_from, sv_eq, sv_force_normal,
4557 sv_force_normal_flags, sv_free, sv_gets, sv_grow, sv_inc, sv_insert,
4558 sv_isa, sv_isobject, sv_iv, sv_len, sv_len_utf8, sv_magic, sv_magicext,
4559 sv_mortalcopy, sv_newmortal, sv_newref, sv_nolocking, sv_nosharing,
4560 sv_nounlocking, sv_nv, sv_pos_b2u, sv_pos_u2b, sv_pv, sv_pvbyte,
4561 sv_pvbyten, sv_pvbyten_force, sv_pvn, sv_pvn_force, sv_pvn_force_flags,
4562 sv_pvutf8, sv_pvutf8n, sv_pvutf8n_force, sv_reftype, sv_replace,
4563 sv_report_used, sv_reset, sv_rvweaken, sv_setiv, sv_setiv_mg, sv_setnv,
4564 sv_setnv_mg, sv_setpv, sv_setpvf, sv_setpvf_mg, sv_setpvn, sv_setpvn_mg,
4565 sv_setpv_mg, sv_setref_iv, sv_setref_nv, sv_setref_pv, sv_setref_pvn,
4566 sv_setref_uv, sv_setsv, sv_setsv_flags, sv_setsv_mg, sv_setuv, sv_setuv_mg,
4567 sv_taint, sv_tainted, sv_true, sv_unmagic, sv_unref, sv_unref_flags,
4568 sv_untaint, sv_upgrade, sv_usepvn, sv_usepvn_mg, sv_utf8_decode,
4569 sv_utf8_downgrade, sv_utf8_encode, sv_utf8_upgrade, sv_utf8_upgrade_flags,
4570 sv_uv, sv_vcatpvfn, sv_vsetpvfn
4572 =item Unicode Support
4574 bytes_from_utf8, bytes_to_utf8, ibcmp_utf8, is_utf8_char, is_utf8_string,
4575 pv_uni_display, sv_recode_to_utf8, sv_uni_display, to_utf8_case,
4576 to_utf8_fold, to_utf8_lower, to_utf8_title, to_utf8_upper, utf8n_to_uvchr,
4577 utf8n_to_uvuni, utf8_distance, utf8_hop, utf8_length, utf8_to_bytes,
4578 utf8_to_uvchr, utf8_to_uvuni, uvchr_to_utf8, uvuni_to_utf8_flags
4580 =item Variables created by C<xsubpp> and C<xsubpp> internal functions
4582 ax, CLASS, dAX, dITEMS, dXSARGS, dXSI32, items, ix, newXSproto, RETVAL, ST,
4583 THIS, XS, XSRETURN_EMPTY, XS_VERSION, XS_VERSION_BOOTCHECK
4585 =item Warning and Dieing
4595 =head2 perlintern - autogenerated documentation of purely B<internal>
4602 =item Global Variables
4604 PL_DBsingle, PL_DBsub, PL_DBtrace, PL_dowarn, PL_last_in_gv, PL_ofs_sv,
4615 =item Pad Data Structures
4619 =item Stack Manipulation Macros
4623 =item SV Manipulation Functions
4625 report_uninit, sv_add_arena, sv_clean_all, sv_clean_objs, sv_free_arenas
4633 =head2 perliol - C API for Perl's implementation of IO in Layers.
4643 =item History and Background
4645 =item Layers vs Disciplines
4647 =item Data Structures
4649 =item Functions and Attributes
4651 =item Per-instance Data
4653 =item Layers in action.
4655 =item Per-instance flag bits
4657 PERLIO_F_EOF, PERLIO_F_CANWRITE, PERLIO_F_CANREAD, PERLIO_F_ERROR,
4658 PERLIO_F_TRUNCATE, PERLIO_F_APPEND, PERLIO_F_CRLF, PERLIO_F_UTF8,
4659 PERLIO_F_UNBUF, PERLIO_F_WRBUF, PERLIO_F_RDBUF, PERLIO_F_LINEBUF,
4660 PERLIO_F_TEMP, PERLIO_F_OPEN, PERLIO_F_FASTGETS
4662 =item Methods in Detail
4664 name, size, kind, PERLIO_K_BUFFERED, PERLIO_K_CANCRLF, PERLIO_K_FASTGETS,
4665 PERLIO_K_MULTIARG, PERLIO_K_RAW, Pushed, Popped, Open, Getarg, Fileno, Dup,
4666 Read, Write, Seek, Tell, Close, Flush, Fill, Eof, Error, Clearerr,
4667 Setlinebuf, Get_base, Get_bufsiz, Get_ptr, Get_cnt, Set_ptrcnt
4671 "unix", "perlio", "stdio", "crlf", "mmap", "pending", "raw", "utf8"
4673 =item Extension Layers
4675 ":encoding", ":Scalar", ":Via"
4683 =head2 perlapio - perl's IO abstraction interface.
4691 1. USE_STDIO, 2. USE_SFIO, 3. USE_PERLIO, B<PerlIO_stdin()>,
4692 B<PerlIO_stdout()>, B<PerlIO_stderr()>, B<PerlIO_open(path, mode)>,
4693 B<PerlIO_fdopen(fd,mode)>, B<PerlIO_reopen(path,mode,f)>,
4694 B<PerlIO_printf(f,fmt,...)>, B<PerlIO_vprintf(f,fmt,a)>,
4695 B<PerlIO_stdoutf(fmt,...)>, B<PerlIO_read(f,buf,count)>,
4696 B<PerlIO_write(f,buf,count)>, B<PerlIO_close(f)>, B<PerlIO_puts(f,s)>,
4697 B<PerlIO_putc(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_ungetc(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_getc(f)>,
4698 B<PerlIO_eof(f)>, B<PerlIO_error(f)>, B<PerlIO_fileno(f)>,
4699 B<PerlIO_clearerr(f)>, B<PerlIO_flush(f)>, B<PerlIO_seek(f,offset,whence)>,
4700 B<PerlIO_tell(f)>, B<PerlIO_getpos(f,p)>, B<PerlIO_setpos(f,p)>,
4701 B<PerlIO_rewind(f)>, B<PerlIO_tmpfile()>, B<PerlIO_setlinebuf(f)>
4705 =item Co-existence with stdio
4707 B<PerlIO_importFILE(f,mode)>, B<PerlIO_exportFILE(f,mode)>,
4708 B<PerlIO_releaseFILE(p,f)>, B<PerlIO_findFILE(f)>
4710 =item "Fast gets" Functions
4712 B<PerlIO_fast_gets(f)>, B<PerlIO_has_cntptr(f)>, B<PerlIO_get_cnt(f)>,
4713 B<PerlIO_get_ptr(f)>, B<PerlIO_set_ptrcnt(f,p,c)>, B<PerlIO_canset_cnt(f)>,
4714 B<PerlIO_set_cnt(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_has_base(f)>, B<PerlIO_get_base(f)>,
4715 B<PerlIO_get_bufsiz(f)>
4717 =item Other Functions
4719 PerlIO_apply_layers(f,mode,layers), PerlIO_binmode(f,ptype,imode,layers),
4720 'E<lt>' read, 'E<gt>' write, '+' read/write, PerlIO_debug(fmt,...)
4726 =head2 perltodo - Perl TO-DO List
4732 =item To do during 5.6.x
4736 =item Support for I/O disciplines
4738 =item Autoload bytes.pm
4740 =item Make "\u{XXXX}" et al work
4742 =item Create a char *sv_pvprintify(sv, STRLEN *lenp, UV flags)
4744 =item Overloadable regex assertions
4748 =item Work out exit/die semantics for threads
4750 =item Better support for nonpreemptive threading systems like GNU pth
4752 =item Typed lexicals for compiler
4754 =item Compiler workarounds for Win32
4756 =item AUTOLOADing in the compiler
4758 =item Fixing comppadlist when compiling
4760 =item Cleaning up exported namespace
4762 =item Complete signal handling
4764 =item Out-of-source builds
4766 =item POSIX realtime support
4768 =item UNIX98 support
4772 =item Long double conversion
4776 =item Arithmetic on non-Arabic numerals
4778 =item POSIX Unicode character classes
4780 =item Factoring out common suffices/prefices in regexps (trie optimization)
4782 =item Security audit shipped utilities
4784 =item Sort out the uid-setting mess
4786 =item Custom opcodes
4788 =item DLL Versioning
4790 =item Introduce @( and @)
4792 =item Floating point handling
4794 =item IV/UV preservation
4796 =item Replace pod2html with something using Pod::Parser
4798 =item Automate module testing on CPAN
4800 =item sendmsg and recvmsg
4802 =item Rewrite perlre documentation
4804 =item Convert example code to IO::Handle filehandles
4806 =item Document Win32 choices
4808 =item Check new modules
4810 =item Make roffitall find pods and libs itself
4814 =item To do at some point
4818 =item Remove regular expression recursion
4820 =item Memory leaks after failed eval
4822 =item bitfields in pack
4824 =item Cross compilation
4826 =item Perl preprocessor / macros
4828 =item Perl lexer in Perl
4830 =item Using POSIX calls internally
4832 =item -i rename file when changed
4834 =item All ARGV input should act like E<lt>E<gt>
4836 =item Support for rerunning debugger
4838 =item Test Suite for the Debugger
4840 =item my sub foo { }
4842 =item One-pass global destruction
4844 =item Rewrite regexp parser
4846 =item Cache recently used regexps
4848 =item Cross-compilation support
4850 =item Bit-shifting bitvectors
4852 =item debugger pragma
4854 =item use less pragma
4856 =item switch structures
4858 =item Cache eval tree
4862 =item Shrink opcode tables
4864 =item Optimize away @_
4866 =item Prototypes versus indirect objects
4870 =item Prototype method calls
4872 =item Return context prototype declarations
4876 =item Garbage collection
4880 =item Rewrite perldoc
4882 =item Install .3p manpages
4884 =item Unicode tutorial
4886 =item Update POSIX.pm for 1003.1-2
4888 =item Retargetable installation
4890 =item POSIX emulation on non-POSIX systems
4892 =item Rename Win32 headers
4894 =item Finish off lvalue functions
4896 =item Update sprintf documentation
4898 =item Use fchown/fchmod internally
4900 =item Make v-strings overloaded objects
4902 =item Allow restricted hash assignment
4904 =item Should overload be inheritable?
4914 =item ref() in list context
4916 =item Make tr/// return histogram of characters in list context
4918 =item Compile to real threaded code
4920 =item Structured types
4922 =item Modifiable $1 et al.
4924 =item Procedural interfaces for IO::*, etc.
4928 =item Attach/detach debugger from running program
4932 =item foreach(reverse ...)
4934 =item Constant function cache
4936 =item Approximate regular expression matching
4944 =item Update guts documentation
4946 =item Add more tests
4948 =item Update auxiliary tools
4950 =item Create debugging macros
4952 =item truncate to the people
4954 =item Unicode in Filenames
4958 =item Recently done things
4962 =item Alternative RE syntax module
4964 =item Safe signal handling
4970 =item setitimer and getimiter
4972 =item Testing __DIE__ hook
4974 =item CPP equivalent in Perl
4976 =item Explicit switch statements
4984 =item perlcc to produce executable
4986 =item END blocks saved in compiled output
4988 =item Secure temporary file module
4990 =item Integrate Time::HiRes
4992 =item Turn Cwd into XS
4994 =item Mmap for input
4996 =item Byte to/from UTF8 and UTF8 to/from local conversion
4998 =item Add sockatmark support
5000 =item Mailing list archives
5004 =item Integrate MacPerl
5006 =item Web "nerve center" for Perl
5008 =item Regular expression tutorial
5010 =item Debugging Tutorial
5012 =item Integrate new modules
5014 =item Integrate profiler
5016 =item Y2K error detection
5018 =item Regular expression debugger
5022 =item "Dynamic" lexicals
5024 =item Cache precompiled modules
5028 =item Deprecated Wishes
5032 =item Loop control on do{}
5034 =item Lexically scoped typeglobs
5040 =item Generalised want()/caller())
5042 =item Named prototypes
5044 =item Built-in globbing
5046 =item Regression tests for suidperl
5048 =item Cached hash values
5050 =item Add compression modules
5052 =item Reorganise documentation into tutorials/references
5054 =item Remove distinction between functions and operators
5056 =item Make XS easier to use
5058 =item Make embedding easier to use
5062 =item my $Package::variable
5064 =item "or" tests defined, not truth
5066 =item "class"-based lexicals
5070 =item Lazy evaluation / tail recursion removal
5072 =item Make "use utf8" the default
5074 =item Unicode collation and normalization
5076 =item pack/unpack tutorial
5082 =head2 perlhack - How to hack at the Perl internals
5088 Does concept match the general goals of Perl?, Where is the
5089 implementation?, Backwards compatibility, Could it be a module instead?, Is
5090 the feature generic enough?, Does it potentially introduce new bugs?, Does
5091 it preclude other desirable features?, Is the implementation robust?, Is
5092 the implementation generic enough to be portable?, Is the implementation
5093 tested?, Is there enough documentation?, Is there another way to do it?,
5094 Does it create too much work?, Patches speak louder than words
5098 =item Keeping in sync
5100 rsync'ing the source tree, Using rsync over the LAN, Using pushing over the
5101 NFS, rsync'ing the patches
5103 =item Why rsync the source tree
5105 It's easier to rsync the source tree, It's more reliable
5107 =item Why rsync the patches
5109 It's easier to rsync the patches, It's a good reference, Finding a start
5110 point, Finding how to fix a bug, Finding the source of misbehaviour
5112 =item Perlbug remote interface
5114 1 http://bugs.perl.org, 2 bugdb@perl.org, 3
5115 commands_and_bugdids@bugs.perl.org, notes, patches, tests
5117 =item Submitting patches
5119 L<perlguts>, L<perlxstut> and L<perlxs>, L<perlapi>,
5120 F<Porting/pumpkin.pod>, The perl5-porters FAQ
5122 =item Finding Your Way Around
5124 Core modules, Tests, Documentation, Configure, Interpreter
5126 =item Elements of the interpreter
5128 Startup, Parsing, Optimization, Running
5130 =item Internal Variable Types
5136 Argument stack, Mark stack, Save stack
5138 =item Millions of Macros
5140 =item Poking at Perl
5142 =item Using a source-level debugger
5144 run [args], break function_name, break source.c:xxx, step, next, continue,
5145 finish, 'enter', print
5147 =item Dumping Perl Data Structures
5151 =item Patching a core module
5153 =item Adding a new function to the core
5155 =item Writing a test
5157 F<t/base/>, F<t/cmd/>, F<t/comp/>, F<t/io/>, F<t/lib/>, F<t/op/>,
5158 F<t/pod/>, F<t/run/>, t/base t/comp, t/cmd t/run t/io t/op, t/lib ext lib
5160 =item Special Make Test Targets
5162 coretest, test.deparse, minitest, test.third check.third utest.third
5163 ucheck.third, test.torture torturetest, utest ucheck test.utf8 check.utf8
5167 =item EXTERNAL TOOLS FOR DEBUGGING PERL
5171 =item Rational Software's Purify
5173 =item Purify on Unix
5175 -Accflags=-DPURIFY, -Doptimize='-g', -Uusemymalloc, -Dusemultiplicity
5179 DEFINES, USE_MULTI = define, #PERL_MALLOC = define, CFG = Debug
5181 =item Compaq's/Digital's/HP's Third Degree
5183 =item PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL
5187 =item Gprof Profiling
5189 -a, -b, -e routine, -f routine, -s, -z
5191 =item GCC gcov Profiling
5193 =item Pixie Profiling
5195 -h, -l, -p[rocedures], -h[eavy], -i[nvocations], -l[ines], -testcoverage,
5198 =item Miscellaneous tricks
5202 I<The Road goes ever on and on, down from the door where it began.>
5210 =head2 perlhist - the Perl history records
5218 =item THE KEEPERS OF THE PUMPKIN
5230 =item SELECTED RELEASE SIZES
5232 =item SELECTED PATCH SIZES
5236 =item THE KEEPERS OF THE RECORDS
5240 =head2 perldelta - what is new for perl v5.8.0
5246 =item Highlights In 5.8.0
5248 =item Incompatible Changes
5252 =item Binary Incompatibility
5254 =item 64-bit platforms and malloc
5256 =item AIX Dynaloading
5258 =item Attributes for C<my> variables now handled at run-time.
5260 =item Socket Extension Dynamic in VMS
5262 =item IEEE-format Floating Point Default on OpenVMS Alpha
5264 =item New Unicode Properties
5266 =item REF(...) Instead Of SCALAR(...)
5268 =item pack/unpack D/F recycled
5274 =item Core Enhancements
5278 =item PerlIO is Now The Default
5280 =item Restricted Hashes
5284 =item Unicode Overhaul
5286 =item Understanding of Numbers
5288 =item Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings [561]
5290 =item Miscellaneous Changes
5294 =item Modules and Pragmata
5298 =item New Modules and Pragmata
5300 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
5304 =item Utility Changes
5306 =item New Documentation
5308 =item Performance Enhancements
5310 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
5314 =item Generic Improvements
5316 =item New Or Improved Platforms
5320 =item Selected Bug Fixes
5324 =item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
5328 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
5330 =item Changed Internals
5332 =item Security Vulnerability Closed [561]
5336 =item Known Problems
5342 =item Alpha systems with old gccs fail several tests
5348 =item Cygwin "unable to remap"
5350 =item ext/threads/t/libc
5352 =item FreeBSD built with ithreads coredumps reading large directories
5354 =item FreeBSD Failing locale Test 117 For ISO8859-15 Locales
5356 =item IRIX fails ext/List/Util/t/shuffle.t
5358 =item Modifying $_ Inside for(..)
5360 =item mod_perl 1.26 Doesn't Build With Threaded Perl
5362 =item lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
5364 =item HP-UX lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails When LP64-Configured
5366 =item Linux with glibc 2.2.5 fails t/op/int subtest #6 with -Duse64bitint
5368 =item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
5370 =item libwww-perl (LWP) fails base/date #51
5374 =item OS/2 Test Failures
5376 =item op/sprintf tests 91, 129, and 130
5380 =item Solaris x86 Fails Tests With -Duse64bitint
5382 =item SUPER-UX (NEC SX)
5384 =item PDL failing some tests
5386 =item Term::ReadKey not working on Win32
5388 =item Failure of Thread (5.005-style) tests
5390 =item Timing problems
5402 =item XML::Parser not working
5406 =item Localising Tied Arrays and Hashes Is Broken
5408 =item Self-tying Problems
5410 =item Tied/Magical Array/Hash Elements Do Not Autovivify
5412 =item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
5414 =item Unicode Support on EBCDIC Still Spotty
5416 =item The Compiler Suite Is Still Very Experimental
5418 =item The Long Double Support Is Still Experimental
5420 =item Seen In Perl 5.7 But Gone Now
5424 =item Reporting Bugs
5432 =head2 perl572delta - what's new for perl v5.7.2
5438 =item Security Vulnerability Closed
5440 =item Incompatible Changes
5444 =item 64-bit platforms and malloc
5446 =item AIX Dynaloading
5448 =item Socket Extension Dynamic in VMS
5450 =item Different Definition of the Unicode Character Classes \p{In...}
5456 =item Core Enhancements
5458 =item Modules and Pragmata
5462 =item New Modules and Distributions
5464 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
5468 =item Utility Changes
5470 =item New Documentation
5472 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
5476 =item New Or Improved Platforms
5478 =item Generic Improvements
5482 =item Selected Bug Fixes
5486 =item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
5490 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
5492 =item Source Code Enhancements
5496 =item MAGIC constants
5498 =item Better commented code
5500 =item Regex pre-/post-compilation items matched up
5508 =item Known Problems
5514 =item Amiga Perl Invoking Mystery
5516 =item lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
5518 =item Cygwin intermittent failures of lib/Memoize/t/expire_file 11 and 12
5520 =item HP-UX lib/io_multihomed Fails When LP64-Configured
5522 =item HP-UX lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails When LP64-Configured
5524 =item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
5528 =item op/sprintf tests 129 and 130
5530 =item Failure of Thread tests
5540 =item Localising a Tied Variable Leaks Memory
5542 =item Self-tying of Arrays and Hashes Is Forbidden
5544 =item Variable Attributes are not Currently Usable for Tieing
5546 =item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
5548 =item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental
5550 =item The Long Double Support is Still Experimental
5554 =item Reporting Bugs
5562 =head2 perl571delta - what's new for perl v5.7.1
5568 =item Security Vulnerability Closed
5570 =item Incompatible Changes
5572 =item Core Enhancements
5576 =item AUTOLOAD Is Now Lvaluable
5578 =item PerlIO is Now The Default
5580 =item Signals Are Now Safe
5584 =item Modules and Pragmata
5590 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
5594 =item Performance Enhancements
5596 =item Utility Changes
5598 =item New Documentation
5614 =item README.solaris
5618 =item Porting/repository.pod
5622 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
5626 =item New Or Improved Platforms
5628 =item Generic Improvements
5630 d_cmsghdr, d_fcntl_can_lock, d_fsync, d_getitimer, d_getpagsz, d_msghdr_s,
5631 need_va_copy, d_readv, d_recvmsg, d_sendmsg, sig_size, d_sockatmark,
5632 d_strtoq, d_u32align, d_ualarm, d_usleep
5636 =item Selected Bug Fixes
5640 =item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
5644 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
5646 =item Changed Internals
5650 =item Known Problems
5654 =item AIX vac 5.0.0.0 May Produce Buggy Code For Perl
5656 =item lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
5658 =item lib/io_multihomed Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
5660 =item Test lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
5664 =item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
5666 =item sigaction test 13 in VMS
5668 =item sprintf tests 129 and 130
5670 =item Failure of Thread tests
5672 =item Localising a Tied Variable Leaks Memory
5674 =item Self-tying of Arrays and Hashes Is Forbidden
5676 =item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
5678 =item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental
5682 =item Reporting Bugs
5690 =head2 perl570delta - what's new for perl v5.7.0
5696 =item Security Vulnerability Closed
5698 =item Incompatible Changes
5700 =item Core Enhancements
5702 =item Modules and Pragmata
5708 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
5712 =item Utility Changes
5714 =item New Documentation
5716 =item Performance Enhancements
5718 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
5722 =item Generic Improvements
5726 =item Selected Bug Fixes
5730 =item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
5734 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
5736 =item Changed Internals
5738 =item Known Problems
5742 =item Unicode Support Still Far From Perfect
5744 =item EBCDIC Still A Lost Platform
5746 =item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
5748 =item ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
5750 =item Test lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
5752 =item Long Doubles Still Don't Work In Solaris
5754 =item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
5756 =item Storable tests fail in some platforms
5758 =item Threads Are Still Experimental
5760 =item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental
5764 =item Reporting Bugs
5772 =head2 perl561delta - what's new for perl v5.6.x
5778 =item Summary of changes between 5.6.0 and 5.6.1
5782 =item Security Issues
5784 =item Core bug fixes
5786 C<UNIVERSAL::isa()>, Memory leaks, Numeric conversions, qw(a\\b), caller(),
5787 Bugs in regular expressions, "slurp" mode, Autovivification of symbolic
5788 references to special variables, Lexical warnings, Spurious warnings and
5789 errors, glob(), Tainting, sort(), #line directives, Subroutine prototypes,
5790 map(), Debugger, PERL5OPT, chop(), Unicode support, 64-bit support,
5791 Compiler, Lvalue subroutines, IO::Socket, File::Find, xsubpp, C<no
5796 =item Configuration issues
5800 =item Bundled modules
5802 B::Concise, File::Temp, Pod::LaTeX, Pod::Text::Overstrike, CGI, CPAN,
5803 Class::Struct, DB_File, Devel::Peek, File::Find, Getopt::Long, IO::Poll,
5804 IPC::Open3, Math::BigFloat, Math::Complex, Net::Ping, Opcode, Pod::Parser,
5805 Pod::Text, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Tie::RefHash, Tie::SubstrHash
5807 =item Platform-specific improvements
5809 NCR MP-RAS, NonStop-UX
5813 =item Core Enhancements
5817 =item Interpreter cloning, threads, and concurrency
5819 =item Lexically scoped warning categories
5821 =item Unicode and UTF-8 support
5823 =item Support for interpolating named characters
5825 =item "our" declarations
5827 =item Support for strings represented as a vector of ordinals
5829 =item Improved Perl version numbering system
5831 =item New syntax for declaring subroutine attributes
5833 =item File and directory handles can be autovivified
5835 =item open() with more than two arguments
5837 =item 64-bit support
5839 =item Large file support
5845 =item Enhanced support for sort() subroutines
5847 =item C<sort $coderef @foo> allowed
5849 =item File globbing implemented internally
5851 =item Support for CHECK blocks
5853 =item POSIX character class syntax [: :] supported
5855 =item Better pseudo-random number generator
5857 =item Improved C<qw//> operator
5859 =item Better worst-case behavior of hashes
5861 =item pack() format 'Z' supported
5863 =item pack() format modifier '!' supported
5865 =item pack() and unpack() support counted strings
5867 =item Comments in pack() templates
5869 =item Weak references
5871 =item Binary numbers supported
5873 =item Lvalue subroutines
5875 =item Some arrows may be omitted in calls through references
5877 =item Boolean assignment operators are legal lvalues
5879 =item exists() is supported on subroutine names
5881 =item exists() and delete() are supported on array elements
5883 =item Pseudo-hashes work better
5885 =item Automatic flushing of output buffers
5887 =item Better diagnostics on meaningless filehandle operations
5889 =item Where possible, buffered data discarded from duped input filehandle
5891 =item eof() has the same old magic as <>
5893 =item binmode() can be used to set :crlf and :raw modes
5895 =item C<-T> filetest recognizes UTF-8 encoded files as "text"
5897 =item system(), backticks and pipe open now reflect exec() failure
5899 =item Improved diagnostics
5901 =item Diagnostics follow STDERR
5903 =item More consistent close-on-exec behavior
5905 =item syswrite() ease-of-use
5907 =item Better syntax checks on parenthesized unary operators
5909 =item Bit operators support full native integer width
5911 =item Improved security features
5913 =item More functional bareword prototype (*)
5915 =item C<require> and C<do> may be overridden
5917 =item $^X variables may now have names longer than one character
5919 =item New variable $^C reflects C<-c> switch
5921 =item New variable $^V contains Perl version as a string
5923 =item Optional Y2K warnings
5925 =item Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings
5929 =item Modules and Pragmata
5935 attributes, B, Benchmark, ByteLoader, constant, charnames, Data::Dumper,
5936 DB, DB_File, Devel::DProf, Devel::Peek, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, English,
5937 Env, Fcntl, File::Compare, File::Find, File::Glob, File::Spec,
5938 File::Spec::Functions, Getopt::Long, IO, JPL, lib, Math::BigInt,
5939 Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Pod::Parser, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Checker,
5940 podchecker, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Find, Pod::Select, podselect, Pod::Usage,
5941 pod2usage, Pod::Text and Pod::Man, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Sys::Hostname,
5942 Term::ANSIColor, Time::Local, Win32, XSLoader, DBM Filters
5948 =item Utility Changes
5962 =item The Perl Debugger
5966 =item Improved Documentation
5968 perlapi.pod, perlboot.pod, perlcompile.pod, perldbmfilter.pod,
5969 perldebug.pod, perldebguts.pod, perlfork.pod, perlfilter.pod, perlhack.pod,
5970 perlintern.pod, perllexwarn.pod, perlnumber.pod, perlopentut.pod,
5971 perlreftut.pod, perltootc.pod, perltodo.pod, perlunicode.pod
5973 =item Performance enhancements
5977 =item Simple sort() using { $a <=> $b } and the like are optimized
5979 =item Optimized assignments to lexical variables
5981 =item Faster subroutine calls
5983 =item delete(), each(), values() and hash iteration are faster
5987 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
5991 =item -Dusethreads means something different
5993 =item New Configure flags
5995 =item Threadedness and 64-bitness now more daring
6001 =item -Duselargefiles
6003 =item installusrbinperl
6009 =item Enhanced Installation Directories
6011 =item gcc automatically tried if 'cc' does not seem to be working
6015 =item Platform specific changes
6019 =item Supported platforms
6023 =item OS390 (OpenEdition MVS)
6031 =item Significant bug fixes
6035 =item <HANDLE> on empty files
6037 =item C<eval '...'> improvements
6039 =item All compilation errors are true errors
6041 =item Implicitly closed filehandles are safer
6043 =item Behavior of list slices is more consistent
6045 =item C<(\$)> prototype and C<$foo{a}>
6047 =item C<goto &sub> and AUTOLOAD
6049 =item C<-bareword> allowed under C<use integer>
6051 =item Failures in DESTROY()
6053 =item Locale bugs fixed
6057 =item Spurious subroutine stubs after failed subroutine calls
6059 =item Taint failures under C<-U>
6061 =item END blocks and the C<-c> switch
6063 =item Potential to leak DATA filehandles
6067 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
6069 "%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same %s, "my sub" not yet
6070 implemented, "our" variable %s redeclared, '!' allowed only after types %s,
6071 / cannot take a count, / must be followed by a, A or Z, / must be followed
6072 by a*, A* or Z*, / must follow a numeric type, /%s/: Unrecognized escape
6073 \\%c passed through, /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c in character class
6074 passed through, /%s/ should probably be written as "%s", %s() called too
6075 early to check prototype, %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element, %s
6076 argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or slice, %s argument is not a
6077 subroutine name, %s package attribute may clash with future reserved word:
6078 %s, (in cleanup) %s, <> should be quotes, Attempt to join self, Bad evalled
6079 substitution pattern, Bad realloc() ignored, Bareword found in conditional,
6080 Binary number > 0b11111111111111111111111111111111 non-portable, Bit vector
6081 size > 32 non-portable, Buffer overflow in prime_env_iter: %s, Can't check
6082 filesystem of script "%s", Can't declare class for non-scalar %s in "%s",
6083 Can't declare %s in "%s", Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default,
6084 Can't modify non-lvalue subroutine call, Can't read CRTL environ, Can't
6085 remove %s: %s, skipping file, Can't return %s from lvalue subroutine, Can't
6086 weaken a nonreference, Character class [:%s:] unknown, Character class
6087 syntax [%s] belongs inside character classes, Constant is not %s reference,
6088 constant(%s): %s, CORE::%s is not a keyword, defined(@array) is deprecated,
6089 defined(%hash) is deprecated, Did not produce a valid header, (Did you mean
6090 "local" instead of "our"?), Document contains no data, entering effective
6091 %s failed, false [] range "%s" in regexp, Filehandle %s opened only for
6092 output, flock() on closed filehandle %s, Global symbol "%s" requires
6093 explicit package name, Hexadecimal number > 0xffffffff non-portable,
6094 Ill-formed CRTL environ value "%s", Ill-formed message in prime_env_iter:
6095 |%s|, Illegal binary digit %s, Illegal binary digit %s ignored, Illegal
6096 number of bits in vec, Integer overflow in %s number, Invalid %s attribute:
6097 %s, Invalid %s attributes: %s, invalid [] range "%s" in regexp, Invalid
6098 separator character %s in attribute list, Invalid separator character %s in
6099 subroutine attribute list, leaving effective %s failed, Lvalue subs
6100 returning %s not implemented yet, Method %s not permitted, Missing
6101 %sbrace%s on \N{}, Missing command in piped open, Missing name in "my sub",
6102 No %s specified for -%c, No package name allowed for variable %s in "our",
6103 No space allowed after -%c, no UTC offset information; assuming local time
6104 is UTC, Octal number > 037777777777 non-portable, panic: del_backref,
6105 panic: kid popen errno read, panic: magic_killbackrefs, Parentheses missing
6106 around "%s" list, Possible unintended interpolation of %s in string,
6107 Possible Y2K bug: %s, pragma "attrs" is deprecated, use "sub NAME : ATTRS"
6108 instead, Premature end of script headers, Repeat count in pack overflows,
6109 Repeat count in unpack overflows, realloc() of freed memory ignored,
6110 Reference is already weak, setpgrp can't take arguments, Strange *+?{} on
6111 zero-length expression, switching effective %s is not implemented, This
6112 Perl can't reset CRTL environ elements (%s), This Perl can't set CRTL
6113 environ elements (%s=%s), Too late to run %s block, Unknown open() mode
6114 '%s', Unknown process %x sent message to prime_env_iter: %s, Unrecognized
6115 escape \\%c passed through, Unterminated attribute parameter in attribute
6116 list, Unterminated attribute list, Unterminated attribute parameter in
6117 subroutine attribute list, Unterminated subroutine attribute list, Value of
6118 CLI symbol "%s" too long, Version number must be a constant number
6122 =item Incompatible Changes
6126 =item Perl Source Incompatibilities
6128 CHECK is a new keyword, Treatment of list slices of undef has changed,
6129 Format of $English::PERL_VERSION is different, Literals of the form
6130 C<1.2.3> parse differently, Possibly changed pseudo-random number
6131 generator, Hashing function for hash keys has changed, C<undef> fails on
6132 read only values, Close-on-exec bit may be set on pipe and socket handles,
6133 Writing C<"$$1"> to mean C<"${$}1"> is unsupported, delete(), each(),
6134 values() and C<\(%h)>, vec(EXPR,OFFSET,BITS) enforces powers-of-two BITS,
6135 Text of some diagnostic output has changed, C<%@> has been removed,
6136 Parenthesized not() behaves like a list operator, Semantics of bareword
6137 prototype C<(*)> have changed, Semantics of bit operators may have changed
6138 on 64-bit platforms, More builtins taint their results
6140 =item C Source Incompatibilities
6142 C<PERL_POLLUTE>, C<PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT>, C<PERL_POLLUTE_MALLOC>
6144 =item Compatible C Source API Changes
6146 C<PATCHLEVEL> is now C<PERL_VERSION>
6148 =item Binary Incompatibilities
6152 =item Known Problems
6156 =item Localizing a tied hash element may leak memory
6158 =item Known test failures
6160 =item EBCDIC platforms not fully supported
6162 =item UNICOS/mk CC failures during Configure run
6164 =item Arrow operator and arrays
6166 =item Experimental features
6168 Threads, Unicode, 64-bit support, Lvalue subroutines, Weak references, The
6169 pseudo-hash data type, The Compiler suite, Internal implementation of file
6170 globbing, The DB module, The regular expression code constructs:
6174 =item Obsolete Diagnostics
6176 Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Ill-formed
6177 logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter, In string, @%s now must be written as
6178 \@%s, Probable precedence problem on %s, regexp too big, Use of "$$<digit>"
6179 to mean "${$}<digit>" is deprecated
6181 =item Reporting Bugs
6189 =head2 perl56delta - what's new for perl v5.6.0
6195 =item Core Enhancements
6199 =item Interpreter cloning, threads, and concurrency
6201 =item Lexically scoped warning categories
6203 =item Unicode and UTF-8 support
6205 =item Support for interpolating named characters
6207 =item "our" declarations
6209 =item Support for strings represented as a vector of ordinals
6211 =item Improved Perl version numbering system
6213 =item New syntax for declaring subroutine attributes
6215 =item File and directory handles can be autovivified
6217 =item open() with more than two arguments
6219 =item 64-bit support
6221 =item Large file support
6227 =item Enhanced support for sort() subroutines
6229 =item C<sort $coderef @foo> allowed
6231 =item File globbing implemented internally
6233 =item Support for CHECK blocks
6235 =item POSIX character class syntax [: :] supported
6237 =item Better pseudo-random number generator
6239 =item Improved C<qw//> operator
6241 =item Better worst-case behavior of hashes
6243 =item pack() format 'Z' supported
6245 =item pack() format modifier '!' supported
6247 =item pack() and unpack() support counted strings
6249 =item Comments in pack() templates
6251 =item Weak references
6253 =item Binary numbers supported
6255 =item Lvalue subroutines
6257 =item Some arrows may be omitted in calls through references
6259 =item Boolean assignment operators are legal lvalues
6261 =item exists() is supported on subroutine names
6263 =item exists() and delete() are supported on array elements
6265 =item Pseudo-hashes work better
6267 =item Automatic flushing of output buffers
6269 =item Better diagnostics on meaningless filehandle operations
6271 =item Where possible, buffered data discarded from duped input filehandle
6273 =item eof() has the same old magic as <>
6275 =item binmode() can be used to set :crlf and :raw modes
6277 =item C<-T> filetest recognizes UTF-8 encoded files as "text"
6279 =item system(), backticks and pipe open now reflect exec() failure
6281 =item Improved diagnostics
6283 =item Diagnostics follow STDERR
6285 =item More consistent close-on-exec behavior
6287 =item syswrite() ease-of-use
6289 =item Better syntax checks on parenthesized unary operators
6291 =item Bit operators support full native integer width
6293 =item Improved security features
6295 =item More functional bareword prototype (*)
6297 =item C<require> and C<do> may be overridden
6299 =item $^X variables may now have names longer than one character
6301 =item New variable $^C reflects C<-c> switch
6303 =item New variable $^V contains Perl version as a string
6305 =item Optional Y2K warnings
6307 =item Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings
6311 =item Modules and Pragmata
6317 attributes, B, Benchmark, ByteLoader, constant, charnames, Data::Dumper,
6318 DB, DB_File, Devel::DProf, Devel::Peek, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, English,
6319 Env, Fcntl, File::Compare, File::Find, File::Glob, File::Spec,
6320 File::Spec::Functions, Getopt::Long, IO, JPL, lib, Math::BigInt,
6321 Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Pod::Parser, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Checker,
6322 podchecker, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Find, Pod::Select, podselect, Pod::Usage,
6323 pod2usage, Pod::Text and Pod::Man, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Sys::Hostname,
6324 Term::ANSIColor, Time::Local, Win32, XSLoader, DBM Filters
6330 =item Utility Changes
6344 =item The Perl Debugger
6348 =item Improved Documentation
6350 perlapi.pod, perlboot.pod, perlcompile.pod, perldbmfilter.pod,
6351 perldebug.pod, perldebguts.pod, perlfork.pod, perlfilter.pod, perlhack.pod,
6352 perlintern.pod, perllexwarn.pod, perlnumber.pod, perlopentut.pod,
6353 perlreftut.pod, perltootc.pod, perltodo.pod, perlunicode.pod
6355 =item Performance enhancements
6359 =item Simple sort() using { $a <=> $b } and the like are optimized
6361 =item Optimized assignments to lexical variables
6363 =item Faster subroutine calls
6365 =item delete(), each(), values() and hash iteration are faster
6369 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
6373 =item -Dusethreads means something different
6375 =item New Configure flags
6377 =item Threadedness and 64-bitness now more daring
6383 =item -Duselargefiles
6385 =item installusrbinperl
6391 =item Enhanced Installation Directories
6395 =item Platform specific changes
6399 =item Supported platforms
6403 =item OS390 (OpenEdition MVS)
6411 =item Significant bug fixes
6415 =item <HANDLE> on empty files
6417 =item C<eval '...'> improvements
6419 =item All compilation errors are true errors
6421 =item Implicitly closed filehandles are safer
6423 =item Behavior of list slices is more consistent
6425 =item C<(\$)> prototype and C<$foo{a}>
6427 =item C<goto &sub> and AUTOLOAD
6429 =item C<-bareword> allowed under C<use integer>
6431 =item Failures in DESTROY()
6433 =item Locale bugs fixed
6437 =item Spurious subroutine stubs after failed subroutine calls
6439 =item Taint failures under C<-U>
6441 =item END blocks and the C<-c> switch
6443 =item Potential to leak DATA filehandles
6447 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
6449 "%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same %s, "my sub" not yet
6450 implemented, "our" variable %s redeclared, '!' allowed only after types %s,
6451 / cannot take a count, / must be followed by a, A or Z, / must be followed
6452 by a*, A* or Z*, / must follow a numeric type, /%s/: Unrecognized escape
6453 \\%c passed through, /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c in character class
6454 passed through, /%s/ should probably be written as "%s", %s() called too
6455 early to check prototype, %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element, %s
6456 argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or slice, %s argument is not a
6457 subroutine name, %s package attribute may clash with future reserved word:
6458 %s, (in cleanup) %s, <> should be quotes, Attempt to join self, Bad evalled
6459 substitution pattern, Bad realloc() ignored, Bareword found in conditional,
6460 Binary number > 0b11111111111111111111111111111111 non-portable, Bit vector
6461 size > 32 non-portable, Buffer overflow in prime_env_iter: %s, Can't check
6462 filesystem of script "%s", Can't declare class for non-scalar %s in "%s",
6463 Can't declare %s in "%s", Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default,
6464 Can't modify non-lvalue subroutine call, Can't read CRTL environ, Can't
6465 remove %s: %s, skipping file, Can't return %s from lvalue subroutine, Can't
6466 weaken a nonreference, Character class [:%s:] unknown, Character class
6467 syntax [%s] belongs inside character classes, Constant is not %s reference,
6468 constant(%s): %s, CORE::%s is not a keyword, defined(@array) is deprecated,
6469 defined(%hash) is deprecated, Did not produce a valid header, (Did you mean
6470 "local" instead of "our"?), Document contains no data, entering effective
6471 %s failed, false [] range "%s" in regexp, Filehandle %s opened only for
6472 output, flock() on closed filehandle %s, Global symbol "%s" requires
6473 explicit package name, Hexadecimal number > 0xffffffff non-portable,
6474 Ill-formed CRTL environ value "%s", Ill-formed message in prime_env_iter:
6475 |%s|, Illegal binary digit %s, Illegal binary digit %s ignored, Illegal
6476 number of bits in vec, Integer overflow in %s number, Invalid %s attribute:
6477 %s, Invalid %s attributes: %s, invalid [] range "%s" in regexp, Invalid
6478 separator character %s in attribute list, Invalid separator character %s in
6479 subroutine attribute list, leaving effective %s failed, Lvalue subs
6480 returning %s not implemented yet, Method %s not permitted, Missing
6481 %sbrace%s on \N{}, Missing command in piped open, Missing name in "my sub",
6482 No %s specified for -%c, No package name allowed for variable %s in "our",
6483 No space allowed after -%c, no UTC offset information; assuming local time
6484 is UTC, Octal number > 037777777777 non-portable, panic: del_backref,
6485 panic: kid popen errno read, panic: magic_killbackrefs, Parentheses missing
6486 around "%s" list, Possible unintended interpolation of %s in string,
6487 Possible Y2K bug: %s, pragma "attrs" is deprecated, use "sub NAME : ATTRS"
6488 instead, Premature end of script headers, Repeat count in pack overflows,
6489 Repeat count in unpack overflows, realloc() of freed memory ignored,
6490 Reference is already weak, setpgrp can't take arguments, Strange *+?{} on
6491 zero-length expression, switching effective %s is not implemented, This
6492 Perl can't reset CRTL environ elements (%s), This Perl can't set CRTL
6493 environ elements (%s=%s), Too late to run %s block, Unknown open() mode
6494 '%s', Unknown process %x sent message to prime_env_iter: %s, Unrecognized
6495 escape \\%c passed through, Unterminated attribute parameter in attribute
6496 list, Unterminated attribute list, Unterminated attribute parameter in
6497 subroutine attribute list, Unterminated subroutine attribute list, Value of
6498 CLI symbol "%s" too long, Version number must be a constant number
6502 =item Incompatible Changes
6506 =item Perl Source Incompatibilities
6508 CHECK is a new keyword, Treatment of list slices of undef has changed,
6509 Format of $English::PERL_VERSION is different, Literals of the form
6510 C<1.2.3> parse differently, Possibly changed pseudo-random number
6511 generator, Hashing function for hash keys has changed, C<undef> fails on
6512 read only values, Close-on-exec bit may be set on pipe and socket handles,
6513 Writing C<"$$1"> to mean C<"${$}1"> is unsupported, delete(), each(),
6514 values() and C<\(%h)>, vec(EXPR,OFFSET,BITS) enforces powers-of-two BITS,
6515 Text of some diagnostic output has changed, C<%@> has been removed,
6516 Parenthesized not() behaves like a list operator, Semantics of bareword
6517 prototype C<(*)> have changed, Semantics of bit operators may have changed
6518 on 64-bit platforms, More builtins taint their results
6520 =item C Source Incompatibilities
6522 C<PERL_POLLUTE>, C<PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT>, C<PERL_POLLUTE_MALLOC>
6524 =item Compatible C Source API Changes
6526 C<PATCHLEVEL> is now C<PERL_VERSION>
6528 =item Binary Incompatibilities
6532 =item Known Problems
6536 =item Thread test failures
6538 =item EBCDIC platforms not supported
6540 =item In 64-bit HP-UX the lib/io_multihomed test may hang
6542 =item NEXTSTEP 3.3 POSIX test failure
6544 =item Tru64 (aka Digital UNIX, aka DEC OSF/1) lib/sdbm test failure with
6547 =item UNICOS/mk CC failures during Configure run
6549 =item Arrow operator and arrays
6551 =item Experimental features
6553 Threads, Unicode, 64-bit support, Lvalue subroutines, Weak references, The
6554 pseudo-hash data type, The Compiler suite, Internal implementation of file
6555 globbing, The DB module, The regular expression code constructs:
6559 =item Obsolete Diagnostics
6561 Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Ill-formed
6562 logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter, In string, @%s now must be written as
6563 \@%s, Probable precedence problem on %s, regexp too big, Use of "$$<digit>"
6564 to mean "${$}<digit>" is deprecated
6566 =item Reporting Bugs
6574 =head2 perl5005delta - what's new for perl5.005
6580 =item About the new versioning system
6582 =item Incompatible Changes
6586 =item WARNING: This version is not binary compatible with Perl 5.004.
6588 =item Default installation structure has changed
6590 =item Perl Source Compatibility
6592 =item C Source Compatibility
6594 =item Binary Compatibility
6596 =item Security fixes may affect compatibility
6598 =item Relaxed new mandatory warnings introduced in 5.004
6612 =item Regular Expressions
6614 Many new and improved optimizations, Many bug fixes, New regular expression
6615 constructs, New operator for precompiled regular expressions, Other
6616 improvements, Incompatible changes
6618 =item Improved malloc()
6620 =item Quicksort is internally implemented
6622 =item Reliable signals
6624 =item Reliable stack pointers
6626 =item More generous treatment of carriage returns
6630 =item Better support for multiple interpreters
6632 =item Behavior of local() on array and hash elements is now well-defined
6634 =item C<%!> is transparently tied to the L<Errno> module
6636 =item Pseudo-hashes are supported
6638 =item C<EXPR foreach EXPR> is supported
6640 =item Keywords can be globally overridden
6642 =item C<$^E> is meaningful on Win32
6644 =item C<foreach (1..1000000)> optimized
6646 =item C<Foo::> can be used as implicitly quoted package name
6648 =item C<exists $Foo::{Bar::}> tests existence of a package
6650 =item Better locale support
6652 =item Experimental support for 64-bit platforms
6654 =item prototype() returns useful results on builtins
6656 =item Extended support for exception handling
6658 =item Re-blessing in DESTROY() supported for chaining DESTROY() methods
6660 =item All C<printf> format conversions are handled internally
6662 =item New C<INIT> keyword
6664 =item New C<lock> keyword
6666 =item New C<qr//> operator
6668 =item C<our> is now a reserved word
6670 =item Tied arrays are now fully supported
6672 =item Tied handles support is better
6674 =item 4th argument to substr
6676 =item Negative LENGTH argument to splice
6678 =item Magic lvalues are now more magical
6680 =item <> now reads in records
6684 =item Supported Platforms
6690 =item Changes in existing support
6694 =item Modules and Pragmata
6700 B, Data::Dumper, Dumpvalue, Errno, File::Spec, ExtUtils::Installed,
6701 ExtUtils::Packlist, Fatal, IPC::SysV, Test, Tie::Array, Tie::Handle,
6702 Thread, attrs, fields, re
6704 =item Changes in existing modules
6706 Benchmark, Carp, CGI, Fcntl, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, POSIX, DB_File,
6707 MakeMaker, CPAN, Cwd
6711 =item Utility Changes
6713 =item Documentation Changes
6715 =item New Diagnostics
6717 Ambiguous call resolved as CORE::%s(), qualify as such or use &, Bad index
6718 while coercing array into hash, Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent
6719 package, Can't call method "%s" on an undefined value, Can't check
6720 filesystem of script "%s" for nosuid, Can't coerce array into hash, Can't
6721 goto subroutine from an eval-string, Can't localize pseudo-hash element,
6722 Can't use %%! because Errno.pm is not available, Cannot find an opnumber
6723 for "%s", Character class syntax [. .] is reserved for future extensions,
6724 Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Character
6725 class syntax [= =] is reserved for future extensions, %s: Eval-group in
6726 insecure regular expression, %s: Eval-group not allowed, use re 'eval', %s:
6727 Eval-group not allowed at run time, Explicit blessing to '' (assuming
6728 package main), Illegal hex digit ignored, No such array field, No such
6729 field "%s" in variable %s of type %s, Out of memory during ridiculously
6730 large request, Range iterator outside integer range, Recursive inheritance
6731 detected while looking for method '%s' %s, Reference found where even-sized
6732 list expected, Undefined value assigned to typeglob, Use of reserved word
6733 "%s" is deprecated, perl: warning: Setting locale failed
6735 =item Obsolete Diagnostics
6737 Can't mktemp(), Can't write to temp file for B<-e>: %s, Cannot open
6738 temporary file, regexp too big
6740 =item Configuration Changes
6750 =head2 perl5004delta - what's new for perl5.004
6756 =item Supported Environments
6762 =item List assignment to %ENV works
6764 =item Change to "Can't locate Foo.pm in @INC" error
6766 =item Compilation option: Binary compatibility with 5.003
6768 =item $PERL5OPT environment variable
6770 =item Limitations on B<-M>, B<-m>, and B<-T> options
6772 =item More precise warnings
6774 =item Deprecated: Inherited C<AUTOLOAD> for non-methods
6776 =item Previously deprecated %OVERLOAD is no longer usable
6778 =item Subroutine arguments created only when they're modified
6780 =item Group vector changeable with C<$)>
6782 =item Fixed parsing of $$<digit>, &$<digit>, etc.
6784 =item Fixed localization of $<digit>, $&, etc.
6786 =item No resetting of $. on implicit close
6788 =item C<wantarray> may return undef
6790 =item C<eval EXPR> determines value of EXPR in scalar context
6792 =item Changes to tainting checks
6794 No glob() or <*>, No spawning if tainted $CDPATH, $ENV, $BASH_ENV, No
6795 spawning if tainted $TERM doesn't look like a terminal name
6797 =item New Opcode module and revised Safe module
6799 =item Embedding improvements
6801 =item Internal change: FileHandle class based on IO::* classes
6803 =item Internal change: PerlIO abstraction interface
6805 =item New and changed syntax
6809 =item New and changed builtin constants
6813 =item New and changed builtin variables
6817 =item New and changed builtin functions
6819 delete on slices, flock, printf and sprintf, keys as an lvalue, my() in
6820 Control Structures, pack() and unpack(), sysseek(), use VERSION, use Module
6821 VERSION LIST, prototype(FUNCTION), srand, $_ as Default, C<m//gc> does not
6822 reset search position on failure, C<m//x> ignores whitespace before ?*+{},
6823 nested C<sub{}> closures work now, formats work right on changing lexicals
6825 =item New builtin methods
6827 isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] )
6829 =item TIEHANDLE now supported
6831 TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this, LIST, READ this
6832 LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, DESTROY this
6834 =item Malloc enhancements
6836 -DPERL_EMERGENCY_SBRK, -DPACK_MALLOC, -DTWO_POT_OPTIMIZE
6838 =item Miscellaneous efficiency enhancements
6842 =item Support for More Operating Systems
6858 use autouse MODULE => qw(sub1 sub2 sub3), use blib, use blib 'dir', use
6859 constant NAME => VALUE, use locale, use ops, use vmsish
6865 =item Required Updates
6867 =item Installation directories
6869 =item Module information summary
6883 =item Object-oriented overrides for builtin operators
6887 =item Utility Changes
6893 Sends converted HTML to standard output
6897 C<void> XSUBs now default to returning nothing
6901 =item C Language API Changes
6903 C<gv_fetchmethod> and C<perl_call_sv>, C<perl_eval_pv>, Extended API for
6906 =item Documentation Changes
6908 L<perldelta>, L<perlfaq>, L<perllocale>, L<perltoot>, L<perlapio>,
6909 L<perlmodlib>, L<perldebug>, L<perlsec>
6911 =item New Diagnostics
6913 "my" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same scope, %s argument is
6914 not a HASH element or slice, Allocation too large: %lx, Allocation too
6915 large, Applying %s to %s will act on scalar(%s), Attempt to free
6916 nonexistent shared string, Attempt to use reference as lvalue in substr,
6917 Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent package, Can't redefine active sort
6918 subroutine %s, Can't use bareword ("%s") as %s ref while "strict refs" in
6919 use, Cannot resolve method `%s' overloading `%s' in package `%s', Constant
6920 subroutine %s redefined, Constant subroutine %s undefined, Copy method did
6921 not return a reference, Died, Exiting pseudo-block via %s, Identifier too
6922 long, Illegal character %s (carriage return), Illegal switch in PERL5OPT:
6923 %s, Integer overflow in hex number, Integer overflow in octal number,
6924 internal error: glob failed, Invalid conversion in %s: "%s", Invalid type
6925 in pack: '%s', Invalid type in unpack: '%s', Name "%s::%s" used only once:
6926 possible typo, Null picture in formline, Offset outside string, Out of
6927 memory!, Out of memory during request for %s, panic: frexp, Possible
6928 attempt to put comments in qw() list, Possible attempt to separate words
6929 with commas, Scalar value @%s{%s} better written as $%s{%s}, Stub found
6930 while resolving method `%s' overloading `%s' in %s, Too late for "B<-T>"
6931 option, untie attempted while %d inner references still exist, Unrecognized
6932 character %s, Unsupported function fork, Use of "$$<digit>" to mean
6933 "${$}<digit>" is deprecated, Value of %s can be "0"; test with defined(),
6934 Variable "%s" may be unavailable, Variable "%s" will not stay shared,
6935 Warning: something's wrong, Ill-formed logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter,
6936 Got an error from DosAllocMem, Malformed PERLLIB_PREFIX, PERL_SH_DIR too
6937 long, Process terminated by SIG%s
6947 =head2 perlaix, README.aix - Perl version 5 on IBM Unix (AIX) systems
6955 =item Compiling Perl 5 on AIX
6959 =item Building Dynamic Extensions on AIX
6961 =item The IBM ANSI C Compiler
6963 =item Using GNU's gcc for building perl
6965 =item Using Large Files with Perl
6971 =item AIX 4.2 and extensions using C++ with statics
6981 =head2 perlapollo, README.apollo - Perl version 5 on Apollo DomainOS
6991 =head2 perlamiga - Perl under Amiga OS
7007 =item Prerequisites for Compiling Perl on AmigaOS
7009 B<Unix emulation for AmigaOS: ixemul.library>, B<Version of Amiga OS>
7011 =item Starting Perl programs under AmigaOS
7013 =item Shortcomings of Perl under AmigaOS
7019 =item Accessing documentation
7023 =item Manpages for Perl on AmigaOS
7025 =item Perl HTML Documentation on AmigaOS
7027 =item Perl GNU Info Files on AmigaOS
7029 =item Perl LaTeX Documentation on AmigaOS
7033 =item BUILDING PERL ON AMIGAOS
7037 =item Build Prerequisites for Perl on AmigaOS
7039 =item Getting the Perl Source for AmigaOS
7041 =item Making Perl on AmigaOS
7043 =item Testing Perl on AmigaOS
7045 =item Installing the built Perl on AmigaOS
7049 =item PERL 5.8.0 BROKEN IN AMIGAOS
7057 =head2 perlbeos, README.beos - Perl version 5 on BeOS
7065 =item General Issues with Perl on BeOS
7067 =item BeOS Release-specific Notes
7071 =item Contact Information
7073 =item Update 2002-05-30
7079 =head2 perlbs2000, README.BS2000 - building and installing Perl for BS2000.
7089 =item gzip on BS2000
7091 =item bison on BS2000
7093 =item Unpacking Perl Distribution on BS2000
7095 =item Compiling Perl on BS2000
7097 =item Testing Perl on BS2000
7099 =item Installing Perl on BS2000
7101 =item Using Perl in the Posix-Shell of BS2000
7103 =item Using Perl in "native" BS2000
7105 =item Floating point anomalies on BS2000
7139 =item Acknowledgements
7145 =head2 perlcygwin, README.cygwin - Perl for Cygwin
7151 =item PREREQUISITES FOR COMPILING PERL ON CYGWIN
7155 =item Cygwin = GNU+Cygnus+Windows (Don't leave UNIX without it)
7157 =item Cygwin Configuration
7159 C<PATH>, I<nroff>, Permissions
7163 =item CONFIGURE PERL ON CYGWIN
7167 =item Stripping Perl Binaries on Cygwin
7169 =item Optional Libraries for Perl on Cygwin
7171 C<-lcrypt>, C<-lgdbm> (C<use GDBM_File>), C<-ldb> (C<use DB_File>),
7172 C<-lcygipc> (C<use IPC::SysV>), C<-lutil>
7174 =item Configure-time Options for Perl on Cygwin
7176 C<-Uusedl>, C<-Uusemymalloc>, C<-Uuseperlio>, C<-Dusemultiplicity>,
7177 C<-Duse64bitint>, C<-Duselongdouble>, C<-Dusethreads>, C<-Duselargefiles>,
7180 =item Suspicious Warnings on Cygwin
7182 I<dlsym()>, Win9x and C<d_eofnblk>, Compiler/Preprocessor defines
7186 =item MAKE ON CYGWIN
7190 =item Warnings on Cygwin
7196 =item TEST ON CYGWIN
7200 =item File Permissions on Cygwin
7202 =item Script Portability on Cygwin
7204 Pathnames, Text/Binary, F<.exe>, chown(), Miscellaneous
7208 =item INSTALL PERL ON CYGWIN
7210 =item MANIFEST ON CYGWIN
7212 Documentation, Build, Configure, Make, Install, Tests, Compiled Perl
7213 Source, Compiled Module Source, Perl Modules/Scripts
7215 =item BUGS ON CYGWIN
7223 =head2 perldgux - Perl under DG/UX.
7235 =item BUILDING PERL ON DG/UX
7239 =item Non-threaded Perl on DG/UX
7241 =item Threaded Perl on DG/UX
7243 =item Testing Perl on DG/UX
7245 =item Installing the built perl on DG/UX
7255 =head2 perldos - Perl under DOS, W31, W95.
7265 =item Prerequisites for Compiling Perl on DOS
7269 =item Shortcomings of Perl under DOS
7271 =item Building Perl on DOS
7273 =item Testing Perl on DOS
7275 =item Installation of Perl on DOS
7279 =item BUILDING AND INSTALLING MODULES ON DOS
7283 =item Building Prerequisites for Perl on DOS
7285 =item Unpacking CPAN Modules on DOS
7287 =item Building Non-XS Modules on DOS
7289 =item Building XS Modules on DOS
7299 =head2 perlepoc, README.epoc - Perl for EPOC
7307 =item INSTALLING PERL ON EPOC
7309 =item STARTING PERL ON EPOC
7313 =item Editors on Epoc
7315 =item Features of Perl on Epoc
7317 =item Restrictions of Perl on Epoc
7319 =item Compiling Perl 5 on the EPOC cross compiling environment
7323 =item SUPPORT STATUS OF PERL ON EPOC
7331 =head2 perlfreebsd, README.freebsd - Perl version 5 on FreeBSD systems
7339 =item FreeBSD core dumps from readdir_r with ithreads
7341 =item $^X doesn't always contain a full path in FreeBSD
7343 =item Perl will no more be part of "base FreeBSD"
7351 =head2 perlhpux, README.hpux - Perl version 5 on Hewlett-Packard Unix
7360 =item Using perl as shipped with HP-UX
7362 =item Compiling Perl 5 on HP-UX
7374 =item Portability Between PA-RISC Versions
7376 =item Itanium Processor Family and HP-UX
7378 =item Building Dynamic Extensions on HP-UX
7380 =item The HP ANSI C Compiler
7382 =item The GNU C Compiler
7384 =item Using Large Files with Perl on HP-UX
7386 =item Threaded Perl on HP-UX
7388 =item 64-bit Perl on HP-UX
7390 =item Oracle on HP-UX
7392 =item GDBM and Threads on HP-UX
7394 =item NFS filesystems and utime(2) on HP-UX
7396 =item perl -P and // and HP-UX
7398 =item HP-UX Kernel Parameters (maxdsiz) for Compiling Perl
7402 =item nss_delete core dump from op/pwent or op/grent
7410 =head2 perlhurd, README.hurd - Perl version 5 on Hurd
7418 =item Known Problems with Perl on Hurd
7426 =head2 perlirix, README.irix - Perl version 5 on Irix systems
7434 =item Building 32-bit Perl in Irix
7436 =item Building 64-bit Perl in Irix
7438 =item About Compiler Versions of Irix
7440 =item Linker Problems in Irix
7442 =item Malloc in Irix
7444 =item Building with threads
7452 =head2 perlmachten, README.machten - Perl version 5 on Power MachTen
7461 =item Compiling Perl 5 on MachTen
7463 =item Failures during C<make test> on MachTen
7465 op/lexassign.t, pragma/warnings.t
7467 =item Building external modules on MachTen
7477 =head2 perlmacos, README.macos - Perl under Mac OS (Classic)
7491 =head2 perlmint, README.mint - Perl version 5 on Atari MiNT
7497 =item Known problems with Perl on MiNT
7503 =head2 perlmpeix, README.mpeix - Perl/iX for HP e3000 MPE
7511 =item Binary distribution from HP
7513 =item What's New in Perl for MPE/iX
7515 =item Welcome to Perl/iX
7517 =item System Requirements for Perl/iX
7519 =item How to Obtain Perl/iX
7521 =item Perl/iX Distribution Contents Highlights
7523 README, INSTALL, LIBSHP3K, PERL, .cpan/, lib/, man/,
7524 public_html/feedback.cgi, src/perl-5.6.0-mpe
7526 =item How to Compile Perl/iX
7530 =item Getting Started with Perl/iX
7532 =item MPE/iX Implementation Considerations
7534 =item Known Perl/iX Bugs Under Investigation
7536 =item Perl/iX To-Do List
7538 =item Perl/iX Change History
7554 SetNWBld.bat, Buildtype.bat
7566 =item Build new extensions
7568 =item Acknowledgements
7576 =head2 perlos2 - Perl under OS/2, DOS, Win0.3*, Win0.95 and WinNT.
7596 EMX, RSX, HPFS, pdksh
7598 =item Starting Perl programs under OS/2 (and DOS and...)
7600 =item Starting OS/2 (and DOS) programs under Perl
7604 =item Frequently asked questions
7608 =item "It does not work"
7610 =item I cannot run external programs
7612 =item I cannot embed perl into my program, or use F<perl.dll> from my
7615 Is your program EMX-compiled with C<-Zmt -Zcrtdll>?, Did you use
7618 =item C<``> and pipe-C<open> do not work under DOS.
7620 =item Cannot start C<find.exe "pattern" file>
7628 =item Automatic binary installation
7630 C<PERL_BADLANG>, C<PERL_BADFREE>, F<Config.pm>
7632 =item Manual binary installation
7634 Perl VIO and PM executables (dynamically linked), Perl_ VIO executable
7635 (statically linked), Executables for Perl utilities, Main Perl library,
7636 Additional Perl modules, Tools to compile Perl modules, Manpages for Perl
7637 and utilities, Manpages for Perl modules, Source for Perl documentation,
7638 Perl manual in F<.INF> format, Pdksh
7644 =item Accessing documentation
7648 =item OS/2 F<.INF> file
7656 =item GNU C<info> files
7668 =item The short story
7672 =item Getting perl source
7674 =item Application of the patches
7682 A lot of C<bad free>, Process terminated by SIGTERM/SIGINT, F<op/fs.t>,
7685 =item Installing the built perl
7687 =item C<a.out>-style build
7695 =item Some C</> became C<\> in pdksh.
7697 =item C<'errno'> - unresolved external
7699 =item Problems with tr or sed
7701 =item Some problem (forget which ;-)
7703 =item Library ... not found
7705 =item Segfault in make
7707 =item op/sprintf test failure
7711 =item Specific (mis)features of OS/2 port
7715 =item C<setpriority>, C<getpriority>
7719 =item C<extproc> on the first line
7721 =item Additional modules:
7723 =item Prebuilt methods:
7725 C<File::Copy::syscopy>, C<DynaLoader::mod2fname>, C<Cwd::current_drive()>,
7726 C<Cwd::sys_chdir(name)>, C<Cwd::change_drive(name)>,
7727 C<Cwd::sys_is_absolute(name)>, C<Cwd::sys_is_rooted(name)>,
7728 C<Cwd::sys_is_relative(name)>, C<Cwd::sys_cwd(name)>,
7729 C<Cwd::sys_abspath(name, dir)>, C<Cwd::extLibpath([type])>,
7730 C<Cwd::extLibpath_set( path [, type ] )>,
7731 C<OS2::Error(do_harderror,do_exception)>, C<OS2::Errors2Drive(drive)>,
7732 OS2::SysInfo(), OS2::BootDrive(), C<OS2::MorphPM(serve)>,
7733 C<OS2::UnMorphPM(serve)>, C<OS2::Serve_Messages(force)>,
7734 C<OS2::Process_Messages(force [, cnt])>, C<OS2::_control87(new,mask)>,
7735 OS2::get_control87(), C<OS2::set_control87_em(new=MCW_EM,mask=MCW_EM)>
7737 =item Prebuilt variables:
7739 $OS2::emx_rev, $OS2::emx_env, $OS2::os_ver
7745 C<popen>, C<tmpnam>, C<tmpfile>, C<ctermid>, C<stat>, C<mkdir>, C<rmdir>,
7748 =item Identifying DLLs
7750 =item Centralized management of resources
7766 =item F<perl___.exe>
7768 =item Why strange names?
7770 =item Why dynamic linking?
7772 =item Why chimera build?
7780 =item C<PERLLIB_PREFIX>
7782 =item C<PERL_BADLANG>
7784 =item C<PERL_BADFREE>
7786 =item C<PERL_SH_DIR>
7788 =item C<USE_PERL_FLOCK>
7790 =item C<TMP> or C<TEMP>
7800 =item DLL name mangling: pre 5.6.2
7802 =item DLL name mangling: 5.6.2 and beyond
7804 Global DLLs, specific DLLs, C<BEGINLIBPATH> and C<ENDLIBPATH>, F<.> from
7807 =item DLL forwarder generation
7811 =item Calls to external programs
7813 =item Memory allocation
7817 C<COND_WAIT>, F<os2.c>
7833 =head2 perlos390, README.os390 - building and installing Perl for OS/390
7846 =item Unpacking Perl distribution on OS/390
7848 =item Setup and utilities for Perl on OS/390
7850 =item Configure Perl on OS/390
7852 =item Build, Test, Install Perl on OS/390
7854 =item Build Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
7856 =item Testing Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
7858 =item Installation Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
7860 =item Usage Hints for Perl on OS/390
7862 =item Floating Point Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
7864 =item Modules and Extensions for Perl on OS/390
7874 =item Mailing list for Perl on OS/390
7882 =head2 perlqnx, README.qnx - Perl version 5 on QNX
7890 =item Required Software for Compiling Perl on QNX4
7892 /bin/sh, ar, nm, cpp, make
7894 =item Outstanding Issues with Perl on QNX4
7896 =item QNX auxiliary files
7900 =item Outstanding issues with perl under QNX6
7908 =head2 perlplan9 - Plan 9-specific documentation for Perl
7918 =item What's in Plan 9 Perl
7920 =item What's not in Plan 9 Perl
7922 =item Perl5 Functions not currently supported in Plan 9 Perl
7924 =item Signals in Plan 9 Perl
7928 =item COMPILING AND INSTALLING PERL ON PLAN 9
7932 =item Installing Perl Documentation on Plan 9
7944 =head2 perlsolaris, README.solaris - Perl version 5 on Solaris systems
7952 =item Solaris Version Numbers.
7958 Solaris FAQ, Precompiled Binaries, Solaris Documentation
7964 =item File Extraction Problems on Solaris.
7966 =item Compiler and Related Tools on Solaris.
7968 =item Environment for Compiling Perl on Solaris
7972 =item RUN CONFIGURE.
7976 =item 64-bit Issues with Perl on Solaris.
7978 =item Threads in Perl on Solaris.
7980 =item Malloc Issues with Perl on Solaris.
7984 =item MAKE PROBLEMS.
7986 Dynamic Loading Problems With GNU as and GNU ld, ld.so.1: ./perl: fatal:
7987 relocation error:, dlopen: stub interception failed, #error "No
7988 DATAMODEL_NATIVE specified", sh: ar: not found
7994 =item op/stat.t test 4 in Solaris
7996 =item nss_delete core dump from op/pwent or op/grent
8000 =item PREBUILT BINARIES OF PERL FOR SOLARIS.
8002 =item RUNTIME ISSUES FOR PERL ON SOLARIS.
8006 =item Limits on Numbers of Open Files on Solaris.
8010 =item SOLARIS-SPECIFIC MODULES.
8012 =item SOLARIS-SPECIFIC PROBLEMS WITH MODULES.
8016 =item Proc::ProcessTable on Solaris
8018 =item BSD::Resource on Solaris
8020 =item Net::SSLeay on Solaris
8030 =head2 perltru64, README.tru64 - Perl version 5 on Tru64 (formerly known as
8031 Digital UNIX formerly known as DEC OSF/1) systems
8039 =item Compiling Perl 5 on Tru64
8041 =item Using Large Files with Perl on Tru64
8043 =item Threaded Perl on Tru64
8045 =item Long Doubles on Tru64
8047 =item 64-bit Perl on Tru64
8049 =item Warnings about floating-point overflow when compiling Perl on Tru64
8053 =item Testing Perl on Tru64
8055 =item ext/ODBM_File/odbm Test Failing With Static Builds
8057 =item Perl Fails Because Of Unresolved Symbol sockatmark
8063 =head2 perluts - Perl under UTS
8071 =item BUILDING PERL ON UTS
8073 =item Installing the built perl on UTS
8079 =head2 perlvmesa, README.vmesa - building and installing Perl for VM/ESA.
8089 =item Unpacking Perl Distribution on VM/ESA
8091 =item Setup Perl and utilities on VM/ESA
8093 =item Configure Perl on VM/ESA
8095 =item Testing Anomalies of Perl on VM/ESA
8097 =item Usage Hints for Perl on VM/ESA
8107 =item Mailing list for Perl on VM/ESA
8113 =head2 perlvms - VMS-specific documentation for Perl
8121 =item Organization of Perl Images
8127 =item Perl Extensions
8129 =item Installing static extensions
8131 =item Installing dynamic extensions
8135 =item File specifications
8141 =item Wildcard expansion
8147 =item PERL5LIB and PERLLIB
8153 =item I/O redirection and backgrounding
8155 =item Command line switches
8161 =item Perl functions
8163 File tests, backticks, binmode FILEHANDLE, crypt PLAINTEXT, USER, dump,
8164 exec LIST, fork, getpwent, getpwnam, getpwuid, gmtime, kill, qx//, select
8165 (system call), stat EXPR, system LIST, time, times, unlink LIST, utime
8166 LIST, waitpid PID,FLAGS
8168 =item Perl variables
8170 %ENV, CRTL_ENV, CLISYM_[LOCAL], Any other string, $!, $^E, $?, $|
8172 =item Standard modules with VMS-specific differences
8186 =head2 perlvos, README.vos - Perl for Stratus VOS
8194 =item Multiple methods to build perl for VOS
8196 =item Stratus POSIX Support
8200 =item INSTALLING PERL IN VOS
8204 =item Compiling Perl 5 on VOS
8206 =item Installing Perl 5 on VOS
8210 =item USING PERL IN VOS
8214 =item Unimplemented Features of Perl on VOS
8216 =item Restrictions of Perl on VOS
8218 =item Handling of underflow and overflow
8224 =item SUPPORT STATUS
8232 =head2 perlwin32 - Perl under Windows
8242 =item Setting Up Perl on Win32
8244 Make, Command Shell, Borland C++, Microsoft Visual C++, Microsoft Platform
8245 SDK 64-bit Compiler, Mingw32 with GCC
8249 =item Testing Perl on Win32
8251 =item Installation of Perl on Win32
8253 =item Usage Hints for Perl on Win32
8255 Environment Variables, File Globbing, Using perl from the command line,
8256 Building Extensions, Command-line Wildcard Expansion, Win32 Specific
8257 Extensions, Notes on 64-bit Windows
8259 =item Running Perl Scripts
8261 Miscellaneous Things
8265 =item BUGS AND CAVEATS
8269 Gary Ng E<lt>71564.1743@CompuServe.COME<gt>, Gurusamy Sarathy
8270 E<lt>gsar@activestate.comE<gt>, Nick Ing-Simmons
8271 E<lt>nick@ing-simmons.netE<gt>
8279 =head1 PRAGMA DOCUMENTATION
8281 =head2 attrs - set/get attributes of a subroutine (deprecated)
8293 =head2 re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour
8303 =head2 threadshared::queue, threads::shared::queue - thread-safe queues
8311 =item FUNCTIONS AND METHODS
8313 new, enqueue LIST, dequeue, dequeue_nb, pending
8319 =head2 threadshared::semaphore, threads::shared::semaphore - thread-safe
8328 =item FUNCTIONS AND METHODS
8330 new, new NUMBER, down, down NUMBER, up, up NUMBER
8334 =head2 threadshared::shared, threads::shared - Perl extension for sharing
8335 data structures between threads
8347 share VARIABLE, lock VARIABLE, cond_wait VARIABLE, cond_signal VARIABLE,
8348 cond_broadcast VARIABLE
8360 =head2 threads - Perl extension allowing use of interpreter based threads
8369 $thread = threads->create(function, LIST), $thread->join, $thread->detach,
8370 threads->self, $thread->tid, threads->yield();, threads->list();, async
8375 A thread exited while %d other threads were still running
8379 Parent-Child threads, tid is I32, Returning objects, PERL_OLD_SIGNALS are
8380 not threadsafe, will not be
8382 =item AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT
8388 =head2 attributes - get/set subroutine or variable attributes
8398 =item Built-in Attributes
8400 locked, method, lvalue
8402 =item Available Subroutines
8406 =item Package-specific Attribute Handling
8408 FETCH_I<type>_ATTRIBUTES, MODIFY_I<type>_ATTRIBUTES
8410 =item Syntax of Attribute Lists
8418 =item Default exports
8420 =item Available exports
8422 =item Export tags defined
8432 =head2 attrs - set/get attributes of a subroutine (deprecated)
8444 =head2 autouse - postpone load of modules until a function is used
8460 =head2 base - Establish IS-A relationship with base class at compile time
8474 =head2 bigint - Transparent big integer support for Perl
8486 a or accuracy, p or precision, t or trace, l or lib, v or version
8490 =item INTERNAL FORMAT
8510 =head2 bignum - Transparent BigNumber support for Perl
8522 a or accuracy, p or precision, t or trace, l or lib, v or version
8526 =item INTERNAL FORMAT
8546 =head2 bigrat - Transparent BigNumber/BigRational support for Perl
8568 perl -Mbigrat -le 'print sqrt(33)'
8569 perl -Mbigrat -le 'print 2*255'
8570 perl -Mbigrat -le 'print 4.5+2*255'
8571 perl -Mbigrat -le 'print 3/7 + 5/7 + 8/3'
8572 perl -Mbigrat -le 'print 12->is_odd()';
8582 =head2 blib - Use MakeMaker's uninstalled version of a package
8596 =head2 bytes - Perl pragma to force byte semantics rather than character
8609 =head2 charnames - define character names for C<\N{named}> string literal
8618 =item CUSTOM TRANSLATORS
8620 =item charnames::viacode(code)
8622 =item charnames::vianame(name)
8626 =item ILLEGAL CHARACTERS
8632 =head2 constant - Perl pragma to declare constants
8644 =item List constants
8646 =item Defining multiple constants at once
8648 =item Magic constants
8652 =item TECHNICAL NOTES
8662 =head2 diagnostics - Perl compiler pragma to force verbose warning
8673 =item The C<diagnostics> Pragma
8675 =item The I<splain> Program
8689 =head2 encoding - allows you to write your script in non-ascii or non-utf8
8699 use encoding [I<ENCNAME>] ;, use encoding I<ENCNAME> [ STDIN =E<gt>
8700 I<ENCNAME_IN> ...] ;, no encoding;
8708 =item DO NOT MIX MULTIPLE ENCODINGS
8712 =item Non-ASCII Identifiers and Filter option
8714 use encoding I<ENCNAME> Filter=E<gt>1;
8716 =item EXAMPLE - Greekperl
8718 =item KNOWN PROBLEMS
8724 =head2 fields - compile-time class fields
8738 =head2 filetest - Perl pragma to control the filetest permission operators
8748 =item subpragma access
8754 =head2 if - C<use> a Perl module if a condition holds
8768 =head2 integer - Perl pragma to use integer arithmetic instead of floating
8779 =head2 less - perl pragma to request less of something from the compiler
8789 =head2 lib - manipulate @INC at compile time
8799 =item Adding directories to @INC
8801 =item Deleting directories from @INC
8803 =item Restoring original @INC
8817 =head2 locale - Perl pragma to use and avoid POSIX locales for built-in
8828 =head2 open - perl pragma to set default disciplines for input and output
8836 =item NONPERLIO FUNCTIONALITY
8838 =item IMPLEMENTATION DETAILS
8844 =head2 ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when compiling
8856 =head2 overload - Package for overloading perl operations
8866 =item Declaration of overloaded functions
8868 =item Calling Conventions for Binary Operations
8870 FALSE, TRUE, C<undef>
8872 =item Calling Conventions for Unary Operations
8874 =item Calling Conventions for Mutators
8876 C<++> and C<-->, C<x=> and other assignment versions
8878 =item Overloadable Operations
8880 I<Arithmetic operations>, I<Comparison operations>, I<Bit operations>,
8881 I<Increment and decrement>, I<Transcendental functions>, I<Boolean, string
8882 and numeric conversion>, I<Iteration>, I<Dereferencing>, I<Special>
8884 =item Inheritance and overloading
8886 Strings as values of C<use overload> directive, Overloading of an operation
8887 is inherited by derived classes
8891 =item SPECIAL SYMBOLS FOR C<use overload>
8899 C<undef>, TRUE, defined, but FALSE
8901 =item Copy Constructor
8907 =item MAGIC AUTOGENERATION
8909 I<Assignment forms of arithmetic operations>, I<Conversion operations>,
8910 I<Increment and decrement>, C<abs($a)>, I<Unary minus>, I<Negation>,
8911 I<Concatenation>, I<Comparison operations>, I<Iterator>, I<Dereferencing>,
8914 =item Losing overloading
8916 =item Run-time Overloading
8918 =item Public functions
8920 overload::StrVal(arg), overload::Overloaded(arg), overload::Method(obj,op)
8922 =item Overloading constants
8924 integer, float, binary, q, qr
8926 =item IMPLEMENTATION
8928 =item Metaphor clash
8934 =item Two-face scalars
8936 =item Two-face references
8938 =item Symbolic calculator
8940 =item I<Really> symbolic calculator
8948 Odd number of arguments for overload::constant, `%s' is not an overloadable
8949 type, `%s' is not a code reference
8955 =head2 re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour
8965 =head2 sigtrap - Perl pragma to enable simple signal handling
8977 =item SIGNAL HANDLERS
8979 B<stack-trace>, B<die>, B<handler> I<your-handler>
8983 B<normal-signals>, B<error-signals>, B<old-interface-signals>
8987 B<untrapped>, B<any>, I<signal>, I<number>
8995 =head2 sort - perl pragma to control sort() behaviour
9007 =head2 strict - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe constructs
9015 C<strict refs>, C<strict vars>, C<strict subs>
9019 =head2 subs - Perl pragma to predeclare sub names
9029 =head2 threads - Perl extension allowing use of interpreter based threads
9038 $thread = threads->create(function, LIST), $thread->join, $thread->detach,
9039 threads->self, $thread->tid, threads->yield();, threads->list();, async
9044 A thread exited while %d other threads were still running
9048 Parent-Child threads, tid is I32, Returning objects, PERL_OLD_SIGNALS are
9049 not threadsafe, will not be
9051 =item AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT
9057 =head2 threadshared, threads::shared - Perl extension for sharing data
9058 structures between threads
9070 share VARIABLE, lock VARIABLE, cond_wait VARIABLE, cond_signal VARIABLE,
9071 cond_broadcast VARIABLE
9083 =head2 threadshared::queue, threads::shared::queue - thread-safe queues
9091 =item FUNCTIONS AND METHODS
9093 new, enqueue LIST, dequeue, dequeue_nb, pending
9099 =head2 threadshared::semaphore, threads::shared::semaphore - thread-safe
9108 =item FUNCTIONS AND METHODS
9110 new, new NUMBER, down, down NUMBER, up, up NUMBER
9114 =head2 utf8 - Perl pragma to enable/disable UTF-8 (or UTF-EBCDIC) in source
9125 =item Utility functions
9127 $num_octets = utf8::upgrade($string);, utf8::downgrade($string[, FAIL_OK]),
9128 utf8::encode($string), $flag = utf8::decode($string), $flag =
9137 =head2 vars - Perl pragma to predeclare global variable names (obsolete)
9147 =head2 vmsish - Perl pragma to control VMS-specific language features
9155 C<vmsish status>, C<vmsish exit>, C<vmsish time>, C<vmsish hushed>
9159 =head2 warnings - Perl pragma to control optional warnings
9167 use warnings::register, warnings::enabled(), warnings::enabled($category),
9168 warnings::enabled($object), warnings::warn($message),
9169 warnings::warn($category, $message), warnings::warn($object, $message),
9170 warnings::warnif($message), warnings::warnif($category, $message),
9171 warnings::warnif($object, $message)
9175 =head2 warnings::register - warnings import function
9185 =head1 MODULE DOCUMENTATION
9187 =head2 AnyDBM_File - provide framework for multiple DBMs
9197 =item DBM Comparisons
9207 =head2 Attribute::Handlers - Simpler definition of attribute handlers
9217 [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5]
9221 =item Typed lexicals
9223 =item Type-specific attribute handlers
9225 =item Non-interpretive attribute handlers
9227 =item Phase-specific attribute handlers
9229 =item Attributes as C<tie> interfaces
9237 C<Bad attribute type: ATTR(%s)>, C<Attribute handler %s doesn't handle %s
9238 attributes>, C<Declaration of %s attribute in package %s may clash with
9239 future reserved word>, C<Can't have two ATTR specifiers on one subroutine>,
9240 C<Can't autotie a %s>, C<Internal error: %s symbol went missing>, C<Won't
9241 be able to apply END handler>
9251 =head2 AutoLoader - load subroutines only on demand
9261 =item Subroutine Stubs
9263 =item Using B<AutoLoader>'s AUTOLOAD Subroutine
9265 =item Overriding B<AutoLoader>'s AUTOLOAD Subroutine
9267 =item Package Lexicals
9269 =item Not Using AutoLoader
9271 =item B<AutoLoader> vs. B<SelfLoader>
9281 =head2 AutoSplit - split a package for autoloading
9289 $keep, $check, $modtime
9293 =item Multiple packages
9301 =head2 B - The Perl Compiler
9309 =item OVERVIEW OF CLASSES
9313 =item SV-RELATED CLASSES
9321 IV, IVX, UVX, int_value, needs64bits, packiv
9335 =item B::PVMG METHODS
9339 =item B::MAGIC METHODS
9341 MOREMAGIC, precomp, PRIVATE, TYPE, FLAGS, OBJ, PTR, REGEX
9343 =item B::PVLV METHODS
9345 TARGOFF, TARGLEN, TYPE, TARG
9349 USEFUL, PREVIOUS, RARE, TABLE
9353 is_empty, NAME, SAFENAME, STASH, SV, IO, FORM, AV, HV, EGV, CV, CVGEN,
9354 LINE, FILE, FILEGV, GvREFCNT, FLAGS
9358 LINES, PAGE, PAGE_LEN, LINES_LEFT, TOP_NAME, TOP_GV, FMT_NAME, FMT_GV,
9359 BOTTOM_NAME, BOTTOM_GV, SUBPROCESS, IoTYPE, IoFLAGS, IsSTD
9363 FILL, MAX, OFF, ARRAY, AvFLAGS
9367 STASH, START, ROOT, GV, FILE, DEPTH, PADLIST, OUTSIDE, XSUB, XSUBANY,
9372 FILL, MAX, KEYS, RITER, NAME, PMROOT, ARRAY
9374 =item OP-RELATED CLASSES
9378 next, sibling, name, ppaddr, desc, targ, type, seq, flags, private
9380 =item B::UNOP METHOD
9384 =item B::BINOP METHOD
9388 =item B::LOGOP METHOD
9392 =item B::LISTOP METHOD
9396 =item B::PMOP METHODS
9398 pmreplroot, pmreplstart, pmnext, pmregexp, pmflags, pmdynflags,
9399 pmpermflags, precomp, pmoffet
9401 =item B::SVOP METHOD
9405 =item B::PADOP METHOD
9409 =item B::PVOP METHOD
9413 =item B::LOOP METHODS
9415 redoop, nextop, lastop
9417 =item B::COP METHODS
9419 label, stash, file, cop_seq, arybase, line
9423 =item FUNCTIONS EXPORTED BY C<B>
9425 main_cv, init_av, begin_av, end_av, main_root, main_start, comppadlist,
9426 regex_padav, sv_undef, sv_yes, sv_no, amagic_generation, walkoptree(OP,
9427 METHOD), walkoptree_debug(DEBUG), walksymtable(SYMREF, METHOD, RECURSE,
9428 PREFIX), svref_2object(SV), ppname(OPNUM), hash(STR), cast_I32(I), minus_c,
9429 cstring(STR), perlstring(STR), class(OBJ), threadsv_names
9435 =head2 B::Asmdata - Autogenerated data about Perl ops, used to generate
9444 %insn_data, @insn_name, @optype, @specialsv_name
9450 =head2 B::Assembler - Assemble Perl bytecode
9462 =head2 B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks
9482 =head2 B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend
9492 B<-ofilename>, B<-afilename>, B<-->, B<-f>, B<-fcompress-nullops>,
9493 B<-fomit-sequence-numbers>, B<-fbypass-nullops>, B<-On>, B<-D>, B<-Do>,
9494 B<-Db>, B<-Da>, B<-DC>, B<-S>, B<-upackage>
9504 =head2 B::C - Perl compiler's C backend
9514 B<-ofilename>, B<-v>, B<-->, B<-uPackname>, B<-D>, B<-Do>, B<-Dc>, B<-DA>,
9515 B<-DC>, B<-DM>, B<-f>, B<-fcog>, B<-fsave-data>, B<-fppaddr>, B<-fwarn-sv>,
9516 B<-fuse-script-name>, B<-fsave-sig-hash>, B<-On>, B<-O0>, B<-O1>, B<-O2>,
9527 =head2 B::CC - Perl compiler's optimized C translation backend
9537 B<-ofilename>, B<-v>, B<-->, B<-uPackname>, B<-mModulename>, B<-D>, B<-Dr>,
9538 B<-DO>, B<-Ds>, B<-Dp>, B<-Dq>, B<-Dl>, B<-Dt>, B<-f>,
9539 B<-ffreetmps-each-bblock>, B<-ffreetmps-each-loop>, B<-fomit-taint>, B<-On>
9551 =item Context of ".."
9555 =item Deprecated features
9563 =head2 B::Concise - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing concise info about ops
9575 B<-basic>, B<-exec>, B<-tree>, B<-compact>, B<-loose>, B<-vt>, B<-ascii>,
9576 B<-main>, B<-base>I<n>, B<-bigendian>, B<-littleendian>, B<-concise>,
9577 B<-terse>, B<-linenoise>, B<-debug>, B<-env>
9579 =item FORMATTING SPECIFICATIONS
9581 B<(x(>I<exec_text>B<;>I<basic_text>B<)x)>, B<(*(>I<text>B<)*)>,
9582 B<(*(>I<text1>B<;>I<text2>B<)*)>, B<(?(>I<text1>B<#>I<var>I<Text2>B<)?)>,
9583 B<#>I<var>, B<#>I<var>I<N>, B<~>, B<#addr>, B<#arg>, B<#class>,
9584 B<#classsym>, B<#coplabel>, B<#exname>, B<#extarg>, B<#firstaddr>,
9585 B<#flags>, B<#flagval>, B<#hyphseq>, B<#label>, B<#lastaddr>, B<#name>,
9586 B<#NAME>, B<#next>, B<#nextaddr>, B<#noise>, B<#private>, B<#privval>,
9587 B<#seq>, B<#seqnum>, B<#sibaddr>, B<#svaddr>, B<#svclass>, B<#svval>,
9588 B<#targ>, B<#targarg>, B<#targarglife>, B<#typenum>
9594 =item OP flags abbreviations
9596 =item OP class abbreviations
9600 =item Using B::Concise outside of the O framework
9606 =head2 B::Debug - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing debug info about ops
9618 =head2 B::Deparse - Perl compiler backend to produce perl code
9628 B<-l>, B<-p>, B<-P>, B<-q>, B<-f>I<FILE>, B<-s>I<LETTERS>, B<C>,
9629 B<i>I<NUMBER>, B<T>, B<v>I<STRING>B<.>, B<-x>I<LEVEL>
9631 =item USING B::Deparse AS A MODULE
9641 =item ambient_pragmas
9643 strict, $[, bytes, utf8, integer, re, warnings, hint_bits, warning_bits
9655 =head2 B::Disassembler - Disassemble Perl bytecode
9667 =head2 B::Lint - Perl lint
9675 =item OPTIONS AND LINT CHECKS
9677 B<context>, B<implicit-read> and B<implicit-write>, B<dollar-underscore>,
9678 B<private-names>, B<undefined-subs>, B<regexp-variables>, B<all>, B<none>
9680 =item NON LINT-CHECK OPTIONS
9690 =head2 B::O, O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends
9700 =item IMPLEMENTATION
9708 =head2 B::Showlex - Show lexical variables used in functions or files
9720 =head2 B::Stackobj - Helper module for CC backend
9732 =head2 B::Stash - show what stashes are loaded
9734 =head2 B::Terse - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing terse info about ops
9746 =head2 B::Xref - Generates cross reference reports for Perl programs
9756 C<-oFILENAME>, C<-r>, C<-d>, C<-D[tO]>
9764 =head2 Bblock, B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks
9784 =head2 Benchmark - benchmark running times of Perl code
9798 =item Standard Exports
9800 timeit(COUNT, CODE), timethis ( COUNT, CODE, [ TITLE, [ STYLE ]] ),
9801 timethese ( COUNT, CODEHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), timediff ( T1, T2 ), timestr (
9802 TIMEDIFF, [ STYLE, [ FORMAT ] ] )
9804 =item Optional Exports
9806 clearcache ( COUNT ), clearallcache ( ), cmpthese ( COUT, CODEHASHREF, [
9807 STYLE ] ), cmpthese ( RESULTSHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), countit(TIME, CODE),
9808 disablecache ( ), enablecache ( ), timesum ( T1, T2 )
9824 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
9828 =head2 ByteLoader - load byte compiled perl code
9842 =head2 Bytecode, B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend
9852 B<-ofilename>, B<-afilename>, B<-->, B<-f>, B<-fcompress-nullops>,
9853 B<-fomit-sequence-numbers>, B<-fbypass-nullops>, B<-On>, B<-D>, B<-Do>,
9854 B<-Db>, B<-Da>, B<-DC>, B<-S>, B<-upackage>
9864 =head2 CGI - Simple Common Gateway Interface Class
9876 =item PROGRAMMING STYLE
9878 =item CALLING CGI.PM ROUTINES
9880 =item CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT (OBJECT-ORIENTED STYLE):
9882 =item CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT FROM AN INPUT FILE
9884 =item FETCHING A LIST OF KEYWORDS FROM THE QUERY:
9886 =item FETCHING THE NAMES OF ALL THE PARAMETERS PASSED TO YOUR SCRIPT:
9888 =item FETCHING THE VALUE OR VALUES OF A SINGLE NAMED PARAMETER:
9890 =item SETTING THE VALUE(S) OF A NAMED PARAMETER:
9892 =item APPENDING ADDITIONAL VALUES TO A NAMED PARAMETER:
9894 =item IMPORTING ALL PARAMETERS INTO A NAMESPACE:
9896 =item DELETING A PARAMETER COMPLETELY:
9898 =item DELETING ALL PARAMETERS:
9900 =item DIRECT ACCESS TO THE PARAMETER LIST:
9902 =item FETCHING THE PARAMETER LIST AS A HASH:
9904 =item SAVING THE STATE OF THE SCRIPT TO A FILE:
9906 =item RETRIEVING CGI ERRORS
9908 =item USING THE FUNCTION-ORIENTED INTERFACE
9910 B<:cgi>, B<:form>, B<:html2>, B<:html3>, B<:html4>, B<:netscape>, B<:html>,
9911 B<:standard>, B<:all>
9915 -any, -compile, -nosticky, -no_undef_params, -no_xhtml, -nph,
9916 -newstyle_urls, -oldstyle_urls, -autoload, -no_debug, -debug,
9919 =item SPECIAL FORMS FOR IMPORTING HTML-TAG FUNCTIONS
9921 1. start_table() (generates a <table> tag), 2. end_table() (generates a
9922 </table> tag), 3. start_ul() (generates a <ul> tag), 4. end_ul() (generates
9927 =item GENERATING DYNAMIC DOCUMENTS
9931 =item CREATING A STANDARD HTTP HEADER:
9933 =item GENERATING A REDIRECTION HEADER
9935 =item CREATING THE HTML DOCUMENT HEADER
9937 B<Parameters:>, 4, 5, 6..
9939 =item ENDING THE HTML DOCUMENT:
9941 =item CREATING A SELF-REFERENCING URL THAT PRESERVES STATE INFORMATION:
9943 =item OBTAINING THE SCRIPT'S URL
9945 B<-absolute>, B<-relative>, B<-full>, B<-path> (B<-path_info>), B<-query>
9946 (B<-query_string>), B<-base>
9948 =item MIXING POST AND URL PARAMETERS
9952 =item CREATING STANDARD HTML ELEMENTS:
9956 =item PROVIDING ARGUMENTS TO HTML SHORTCUTS
9958 =item THE DISTRIBUTIVE PROPERTY OF HTML SHORTCUTS
9960 =item HTML SHORTCUTS AND LIST INTERPOLATION
9962 =item NON-STANDARD HTML SHORTCUTS
9964 =item AUTOESCAPING HTML
9966 $escaped_string = escapeHTML("unescaped string");, $charset =
9967 charset([$charset]);, $flag = autoEscape([$flag]);
9969 =item PRETTY-PRINTING HTML
9973 =item CREATING FILL-OUT FORMS:
9977 =item CREATING AN ISINDEX TAG
9979 =item STARTING AND ENDING A FORM
9981 B<application/x-www-form-urlencoded>, B<multipart/form-data>
9983 =item CREATING A TEXT FIELD
9987 =item CREATING A BIG TEXT FIELD
9989 =item CREATING A PASSWORD FIELD
9991 =item CREATING A FILE UPLOAD FIELD
9995 =item CREATING A POPUP MENU
9997 =item CREATING A SCROLLING LIST
10001 =item CREATING A GROUP OF RELATED CHECKBOXES
10005 =item CREATING A STANDALONE CHECKBOX
10009 =item CREATING A RADIO BUTTON GROUP
10013 =item CREATING A SUBMIT BUTTON
10017 =item CREATING A RESET BUTTON
10019 =item CREATING A DEFAULT BUTTON
10021 =item CREATING A HIDDEN FIELD
10025 =item CREATING A CLICKABLE IMAGE BUTTON
10029 =item CREATING A JAVASCRIPT ACTION BUTTON
10035 1. an expiration time, 2. a domain, 3. a path, 4. a "secure" flag,
10036 B<-name>, B<-value>, B<-path>, B<-domain>, B<-expires>, B<-secure>
10038 =item WORKING WITH FRAMES
10040 1. Create a <Frameset> document, 2. Specify the destination for the
10041 document in the HTTP header, 3. Specify the destination for the document in
10044 =item LIMITED SUPPORT FOR CASCADING STYLE SHEETS
10050 =item DUMPING OUT ALL THE NAME/VALUE PAIRS
10054 =item FETCHING ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
10056 B<Accept()>, B<raw_cookie()>, B<user_agent()>, B<path_info()>,
10057 B<path_translated()>, B<remote_host()>, B<script_name()>, B<referer()>,
10058 B<auth_type ()>, B<server_name ()>, B<virtual_host ()>, B<server_port ()>,
10059 B<server_software ()>, B<remote_user ()>, B<user_name ()>,
10060 B<request_method()>, B<content_type()>, B<http()>, B<https()>
10062 =item USING NPH SCRIPTS
10064 In the B<use> statement, By calling the B<nph()> method:, By using B<-nph>
10069 multipart_init(), multipart_start(), multipart_end(), multipart_final()
10071 =item Avoiding Denial of Service Attacks
10073 B<$CGI::POST_MAX>, B<$CGI::DISABLE_UPLOADS>, B<1. On a script-by-script
10074 basis>, B<2. Globally for all scripts>
10076 =item COMPATIBILITY WITH CGI-LIB.PL
10078 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
10082 Matt Heffron (heffron@falstaff.css.beckman.com), James Taylor
10083 (james.taylor@srs.gov), Scott Anguish <sanguish@digifix.com>, Mike Jewell
10084 (mlj3u@virginia.edu), Timothy Shimmin (tes@kbs.citri.edu.au), Joergen Haegg
10085 (jh@axis.se), Laurent Delfosse (delfosse@delfosse.com), Richard Resnick
10086 (applepi1@aol.com), Craig Bishop (csb@barwonwater.vic.gov.au), Tony Curtis
10087 (tc@vcpc.univie.ac.at), Tim Bunce (Tim.Bunce@ig.co.uk), Tom Christiansen
10088 (tchrist@convex.com), Andreas Koenig (k@franz.ww.TU-Berlin.DE), Tim
10089 MacKenzie (Tim.MacKenzie@fulcrum.com.au), Kevin B. Hendricks
10090 (kbhend@dogwood.tyler.wm.edu), Stephen Dahmen (joyfire@inxpress.net), Ed
10091 Jordan (ed@fidalgo.net), David Alan Pisoni (david@cnation.com), Doug
10092 MacEachern (dougm@opengroup.org), Robin Houston (robin@oneworld.org),
10093 ...and many many more..
10095 =item A COMPLETE EXAMPLE OF A SIMPLE FORM-BASED SCRIPT
10103 =head2 CGI::Apache - Backward compatibility module for CGI.pm
10113 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
10121 =head2 CGI::Carp, B<CGI::Carp> - CGI routines for writing to the HTTPD (or
10130 =item REDIRECTING ERROR MESSAGES
10132 =item MAKING PERL ERRORS APPEAR IN THE BROWSER WINDOW
10136 =item Changing the default message
10140 =item MAKING WARNINGS APPEAR AS HTML COMMENTS
10150 =head2 CGI::Cookie - Interface to Netscape Cookies
10158 =item USING CGI::Cookie
10160 B<1. expiration date>, B<2. domain>, B<3. path>, B<4. secure flag>
10164 =item Creating New Cookies
10166 =item Sending the Cookie to the Browser
10168 =item Recovering Previous Cookies
10170 =item Manipulating Cookies
10172 B<name()>, B<value()>, B<domain()>, B<path()>, B<expires()>
10176 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
10184 =head2 CGI::Fast - CGI Interface for Fast CGI
10192 =item OTHER PIECES OF THE PUZZLE
10194 =item WRITING FASTCGI PERL SCRIPTS
10196 =item INSTALLING FASTCGI SCRIPTS
10198 =item USING FASTCGI SCRIPTS AS CGI SCRIPTS
10200 =item EXTERNAL FASTCGI SERVER INVOCATION
10202 FCGI_SOCKET_PATH, FCGI_LISTEN_QUEUE
10206 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
10214 =head2 CGI::Pretty - module to produce nicely formatted HTML code
10224 =item Tags that won't be formatted
10226 =item Customizing the Indenting
10238 =head2 CGI::Push - Simple Interface to Server Push
10246 =item USING CGI::Push
10248 -next_page, -last_page, -type, -delay, -cookie, -target, -expires, -nph
10252 =item Heterogeneous Pages
10254 =item Changing the Page Delay on the Fly
10258 =item INSTALLING CGI::Push SCRIPTS
10260 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
10268 =head2 CGI::Switch - Backward compatibility module for defunct CGI::Switch
10278 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
10286 =head2 CGI::Util - Internal utilities used by CGI module
10294 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
10300 =head2 CPAN - query, download and build perl modules from CPAN sites
10310 =item Interactive Mode
10312 Searching for authors, bundles, distribution files and modules, make, test,
10313 install, clean modules or distributions, get, readme, look module or
10314 distribution, ls author, Signals
10322 =item The four C<CPAN::*> Classes: Author, Bundle, Module, Distribution
10324 =item Programmer's interface
10326 expand($type,@things), expandany(@things), Programming Examples
10328 =item Methods in the other Classes
10330 CPAN::Author::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Author::as_string(),
10331 CPAN::Author::email(), CPAN::Author::fullname(), CPAN::Author::name(),
10332 CPAN::Bundle::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Bundle::as_string(),
10333 CPAN::Bundle::clean(), CPAN::Bundle::contains(),
10334 CPAN::Bundle::force($method,@args), CPAN::Bundle::get(),
10335 CPAN::Bundle::inst_file(), CPAN::Bundle::inst_version(),
10336 CPAN::Bundle::uptodate(), CPAN::Bundle::install(), CPAN::Bundle::make(),
10337 CPAN::Bundle::readme(), CPAN::Bundle::test(),
10338 CPAN::Distribution::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Distribution::as_string(),
10339 CPAN::Distribution::clean(), CPAN::Distribution::containsmods(),
10340 CPAN::Distribution::cvs_import(), CPAN::Distribution::dir(),
10341 CPAN::Distribution::force($method,@args), CPAN::Distribution::get(),
10342 CPAN::Distribution::install(), CPAN::Distribution::isa_perl(),
10343 CPAN::Distribution::look(), CPAN::Distribution::make(),
10344 CPAN::Distribution::prereq_pm(), CPAN::Distribution::readme(),
10345 CPAN::Distribution::test(), CPAN::Distribution::uptodate(),
10346 CPAN::Index::force_reload(), CPAN::Index::reload(), CPAN::InfoObj::dump(),
10347 CPAN::Module::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Module::as_string(),
10348 CPAN::Module::clean(), CPAN::Module::cpan_file(),
10349 CPAN::Module::cpan_version(), CPAN::Module::cvs_import(),
10350 CPAN::Module::description(), CPAN::Module::force($method,@args),
10351 CPAN::Module::get(), CPAN::Module::inst_file(),
10352 CPAN::Module::inst_version(), CPAN::Module::install(),
10353 CPAN::Module::look(), CPAN::Module::make(),
10354 CPAN::Module::manpage_headline(), CPAN::Module::readme(),
10355 CPAN::Module::test(), CPAN::Module::uptodate(), CPAN::Module::userid()
10357 =item Cache Manager
10361 =item Prerequisites
10363 =item Finding packages and VERSION
10367 =item Floppy, Zip, Offline Mode
10371 =item CONFIGURATION
10373 C<o conf E<lt>scalar optionE<gt>>, C<o conf E<lt>scalar optionE<gt>
10374 E<lt>valueE<gt>>, C<o conf E<lt>list optionE<gt>>, C<o conf E<lt>list
10375 optionE<gt> [shift|pop]>, C<o conf E<lt>list optionE<gt>
10376 [unshift|push|splice] E<lt>listE<gt>>
10380 =item Note on urllist parameter's format
10382 =item urllist parameter has CD-ROM support
10390 =item POPULATE AN INSTALLATION WITH LOTS OF MODULES
10392 =item WORKING WITH CPAN.pm BEHIND FIREWALLS
10396 =item Three basic types of firewalls
10398 http firewall, ftp firewall, One way visibility, SOCKS, IP Masquerade
10400 =item Configuring lynx or ncftp for going through a firewall
10406 1), 2), 3), 4), 5), 6), 7), 8), 9), 10)
10418 =head2 CPAN::FirstTime - Utility for CPAN::Config file Initialization
10428 =head2 CPANox, CPAN::Nox - Wrapper around CPAN.pm without using any XS
10441 =head2 Carp, carp - warn of errors (from perspective of caller)
10451 =item Forcing a Stack Trace
10459 =head2 Carp::Heavy, Carp heavy machinery - no user serviceable parts inside
10461 =head2 Class::ISA -- report the search path for a class's ISA tree
10471 the function Class::ISA::super_path($CLASS), the function
10472 Class::ISA::self_and_super_path($CLASS), the function
10473 Class::ISA::self_and_super_versions($CLASS)
10475 =item CAUTIONARY NOTES
10483 =head2 Class::Struct - declare struct-like datatypes as Perl classes
10493 =item The C<struct()> function
10495 =item Class Creation at Compile Time
10497 =item Element Types and Accessor Methods
10499 Scalar (C<'$'> or C<'*$'>), Array (C<'@'> or C<'*@'>), Hash (C<'%'> or
10500 C<'*%'>), Class (C<'Class_Name'> or C<'*Class_Name'>)
10502 =item Initializing with C<new>
10508 Example 1, Example 2, Example 3
10510 =item Author and Modification History
10514 =head2 Config - access Perl configuration information
10522 myconfig(), config_sh(), config_vars(@names)
10534 C<_a>, C<_exe>, C<_o>
10538 C<afs>, C<afsroot>, C<alignbytes>, C<ansi2knr>, C<aphostname>,
10539 C<api_revision>, C<api_subversion>, C<api_version>, C<api_versionstring>,
10540 C<ar>, C<archlib>, C<archlibexp>, C<archname64>, C<archname>, C<archobjs>,
10541 C<asctime_r_proto>, C<awk>
10545 C<baserev>, C<bash>, C<bin>, C<binexp>, C<bison>, C<byacc>, C<byteorder>
10549 C<c>, C<castflags>, C<cat>, C<cc>, C<cccdlflags>, C<ccdlflags>, C<ccflags>,
10550 C<ccflags_uselargefiles>, C<ccname>, C<ccsymbols>, C<ccversion>, C<cf_by>,
10551 C<cf_email>, C<cf_time>, C<charsize>, C<chgrp>, C<chmod>, C<chown>,
10552 C<clocktype>, C<comm>, C<compress>, C<contains>, C<cp>, C<cpio>, C<cpp>,
10553 C<cpp_stuff>, C<cppccsymbols>, C<cppflags>, C<cpplast>, C<cppminus>,
10554 C<cpprun>, C<cppstdin>, C<cppsymbols>, C<crypt_r_proto>, C<cryptlib>,
10555 C<csh>, C<ctermid_r_proto>, C<ctime_r_proto>
10559 C<d__fwalk>, C<d_access>, C<d_accessx>, C<d_alarm>, C<d_archlib>,
10560 C<d_asctime_r>, C<d_atolf>, C<d_atoll>, C<d_attribut>, C<d_bcmp>,
10561 C<d_bcopy>, C<d_bsd>, C<d_bsdgetpgrp>, C<d_bsdsetpgrp>, C<d_bzero>,
10562 C<d_casti32>, C<d_castneg>, C<d_charvspr>, C<d_chown>, C<d_chroot>,
10563 C<d_chsize>, C<d_class>, C<d_closedir>, C<d_cmsghdr_s>, C<d_const>,
10564 C<d_crypt>, C<d_crypt_r>, C<d_csh>, C<d_ctermid_r>, C<d_ctime_r>,
10565 C<d_cuserid>, C<d_dbl_dig>, C<d_dbminitproto>, C<d_difftime>, C<d_dirfd>,
10566 C<d_dirnamlen>, C<d_dlerror>, C<d_dlopen>, C<d_dlsymun>, C<d_dosuid>,
10567 C<d_drand48_r>, C<d_drand48proto>, C<d_dup2>, C<d_eaccess>, C<d_endgrent>,
10568 C<d_endgrent_r>, C<d_endhent>, C<d_endhostent_r>, C<d_endnent>,
10569 C<d_endnetent_r>, C<d_endpent>, C<d_endprotoent_r>, C<d_endpwent>,
10570 C<d_endpwent_r>, C<d_endsent>, C<d_endservent_r>, C<d_eofnblk>,
10571 C<d_eunice>, C<d_fchdir>, C<d_fchmod>, C<d_fchown>, C<d_fcntl>,
10572 C<d_fcntl_can_lock>, C<d_fd_macros>, C<d_fd_set>, C<d_fds_bits>,
10573 C<d_fgetpos>, C<d_finite>, C<d_finitel>, C<d_flexfnam>, C<d_flock>,
10574 C<d_flockproto>, C<d_fork>, C<d_fp_class>, C<d_fpathconf>, C<d_fpclass>,
10575 C<d_fpclassify>, C<d_fpclassl>, C<d_fpos64_t>, C<d_frexpl>, C<d_fs_data_s>,
10576 C<d_fseeko>, C<d_fsetpos>, C<d_fstatfs>, C<d_fstatvfs>, C<d_fsync>,
10577 C<d_ftello>, C<d_ftime>, C<d_Gconvert>, C<d_getcwd>, C<d_getespwnam>,
10578 C<d_getfsstat>, C<d_getgrent>, C<d_getgrent_r>, C<d_getgrgid_r>,
10579 C<d_getgrnam_r>, C<d_getgrps>, C<d_gethbyaddr>, C<d_gethbyname>,
10580 C<d_gethent>, C<d_gethname>, C<d_gethostbyaddr_r>, C<d_gethostbyname_r>,
10581 C<d_gethostent_r>, C<d_gethostprotos>, C<d_getitimer>, C<d_getlogin>,
10582 C<d_getlogin_r>, C<d_getmnt>, C<d_getmntent>, C<d_getnbyaddr>,
10583 C<d_getnbyname>, C<d_getnent>, C<d_getnetbyaddr_r>, C<d_getnetbyname_r>,
10584 C<d_getnetent_r>, C<d_getnetprotos>, C<d_getpagsz>, C<d_getpbyname>,
10585 C<d_getpbynumber>, C<d_getpent>, C<d_getpgid>, C<d_getpgrp2>, C<d_getpgrp>,
10586 C<d_getppid>, C<d_getprior>, C<d_getprotobyname_r>,
10587 C<d_getprotobynumber_r>, C<d_getprotoent_r>, C<d_getprotoprotos>,
10588 C<d_getprpwnam>, C<d_getpwent>, C<d_getpwent_r>, C<d_getpwnam_r>,
10589 C<d_getpwuid_r>, C<d_getsbyname>, C<d_getsbyport>, C<d_getsent>,
10590 C<d_getservbyname_r>, C<d_getservbyport_r>, C<d_getservent_r>,
10591 C<d_getservprotos>, C<d_getspnam>, C<d_getspnam_r>, C<d_gettimeod>,
10592 C<d_gmtime_r>, C<d_gnulibc>, C<d_grpasswd>, C<d_hasmntopt>, C<d_htonl>,
10593 C<d_index>, C<d_inetaton>, C<d_int64_t>, C<d_isascii>, C<d_isfinite>,
10594 C<d_isinf>, C<d_isnan>, C<d_isnanl>, C<d_killpg>, C<d_lchown>,
10595 C<d_ldbl_dig>, C<d_link>, C<d_localtime_r>, C<d_locconv>, C<d_lockf>,
10596 C<d_longdbl>, C<d_longlong>, C<d_lseekproto>, C<d_lstat>, C<d_madvise>,
10597 C<d_mblen>, C<d_mbstowcs>, C<d_mbtowc>, C<d_memchr>, C<d_memcmp>,
10598 C<d_memcpy>, C<d_memmove>, C<d_memset>, C<d_mkdir>, C<d_mkdtemp>,
10599 C<d_mkfifo>, C<d_mkstemp>, C<d_mkstemps>, C<d_mktime>, C<d_mmap>,
10600 C<d_modfl>, C<d_modfl_pow32_bug>, C<d_mprotect>, C<d_msg>, C<d_msg_ctrunc>,
10601 C<d_msg_dontroute>, C<d_msg_oob>, C<d_msg_peek>, C<d_msg_proxy>,
10602 C<d_msgctl>, C<d_msgget>, C<d_msghdr_s>, C<d_msgrcv>, C<d_msgsnd>,
10603 C<d_msync>, C<d_munmap>, C<d_mymalloc>, C<d_nice>, C<d_nl_langinfo>,
10604 C<d_nv_preserves_uv>, C<d_off64_t>, C<d_old_pthread_create_joinable>,
10605 C<d_oldpthreads>, C<d_oldsock>, C<d_open3>, C<d_pathconf>, C<d_pause>,
10606 C<d_perl_otherlibdirs>, C<d_phostname>, C<d_pipe>, C<d_poll>,
10607 C<d_portable>, C<d_PRId64>, C<d_PRIeldbl>, C<d_PRIEUldbl>, C<d_PRIfldbl>,
10608 C<d_PRIFUldbl>, C<d_PRIgldbl>, C<d_PRIGUldbl>, C<d_PRIi64>, C<d_PRIo64>,
10609 C<d_PRIu64>, C<d_PRIx64>, C<d_PRIXU64>, C<d_procselfexe>,
10610 C<d_pthread_atfork>, C<d_pthread_yield>, C<d_pwage>, C<d_pwchange>,
10611 C<d_pwclass>, C<d_pwcomment>, C<d_pwexpire>, C<d_pwgecos>, C<d_pwpasswd>,
10612 C<d_pwquota>, C<d_qgcvt>, C<d_quad>, C<d_random_r>, C<d_readdir64_r>,
10613 C<d_readdir>, C<d_readdir_r>, C<d_readlink>, C<d_readv>, C<d_recvmsg>,
10614 C<d_rename>, C<d_rewinddir>, C<d_rmdir>, C<d_safebcpy>, C<d_safemcpy>,
10615 C<d_sanemcmp>, C<d_sbrkproto>, C<d_sched_yield>, C<d_scm_rights>,
10616 C<d_SCNfldbl>, C<d_seekdir>, C<d_select>, C<d_sem>, C<d_semctl>,
10617 C<d_semctl_semid_ds>, C<d_semctl_semun>, C<d_semget>, C<d_semop>,
10618 C<d_sendmsg>, C<d_setegid>, C<d_seteuid>, C<d_setgrent>, C<d_setgrent_r>,
10619 C<d_setgrps>, C<d_sethent>, C<d_sethostent_r>, C<d_setitimer>,
10620 C<d_setlinebuf>, C<d_setlocale>, C<d_setlocale_r>, C<d_setnent>,
10621 C<d_setnetent_r>, C<d_setpent>, C<d_setpgid>, C<d_setpgrp2>, C<d_setpgrp>,
10622 C<d_setprior>, C<d_setproctitle>, C<d_setprotoent_r>, C<d_setpwent>,
10623 C<d_setpwent_r>, C<d_setregid>, C<d_setresgid>, C<d_setresuid>,
10624 C<d_setreuid>, C<d_setrgid>, C<d_setruid>, C<d_setsent>, C<d_setservent_r>,
10625 C<d_setsid>, C<d_setvbuf>, C<d_sfio>, C<d_shm>, C<d_shmat>,
10626 C<d_shmatprototype>, C<d_shmctl>, C<d_shmdt>, C<d_shmget>, C<d_sigaction>,
10627 C<d_sigprocmask>, C<d_sigsetjmp>, C<d_sockatmark>, C<d_sockatmarkproto>,
10628 C<d_socket>, C<d_socklen_t>, C<d_sockpair>, C<d_socks5_init>, C<d_sqrtl>,
10629 C<d_srand48_r>, C<d_srandom_r>, C<d_sresgproto>, C<d_sresuproto>,
10630 C<d_statblks>, C<d_statfs_f_flags>, C<d_statfs_s>, C<d_statvfs>,
10631 C<d_stdio_cnt_lval>, C<d_stdio_ptr_lval>, C<d_stdio_ptr_lval_nochange_cnt>,
10632 C<d_stdio_ptr_lval_sets_cnt>, C<d_stdio_stream_array>, C<d_stdiobase>,
10633 C<d_stdstdio>, C<d_strchr>, C<d_strcoll>, C<d_strctcpy>, C<d_strerrm>,
10634 C<d_strerror>, C<d_strerror_r>, C<d_strftime>, C<d_strtod>, C<d_strtol>,
10635 C<d_strtold>, C<d_strtoll>, C<d_strtoq>, C<d_strtoul>, C<d_strtoull>,
10636 C<d_strtouq>, C<d_strxfrm>, C<d_suidsafe>, C<d_symlink>, C<d_syscall>,
10637 C<d_syscallproto>, C<d_sysconf>, C<d_sysernlst>, C<d_syserrlst>,
10638 C<d_system>, C<d_tcgetpgrp>, C<d_tcsetpgrp>, C<d_telldir>,
10639 C<d_telldirproto>, C<d_time>, C<d_times>, C<d_tm_tm_gmtoff>,
10640 C<d_tm_tm_zone>, C<d_tmpnam_r>, C<d_truncate>, C<d_ttyname_r>, C<d_tzname>,
10641 C<d_u32align>, C<d_ualarm>, C<d_umask>, C<d_uname>, C<d_union_semun>,
10642 C<d_unordered>, C<d_usleep>, C<d_usleepproto>, C<d_ustat>, C<d_vendorarch>,
10643 C<d_vendorbin>, C<d_vendorlib>, C<d_vfork>, C<d_void_closedir>,
10644 C<d_voidsig>, C<d_voidtty>, C<d_volatile>, C<d_vprintf>, C<d_wait4>,
10645 C<d_waitpid>, C<d_wcstombs>, C<d_wctomb>, C<d_writev>, C<d_xenix>, C<date>,
10646 C<db_hashtype>, C<db_prefixtype>, C<db_version_major>, C<db_version_minor>,
10647 C<db_version_patch>, C<defvoidused>, C<direntrytype>, C<dlext>, C<dlsrc>,
10648 C<doublesize>, C<drand01>, C<drand48_r_proto>, C<dynamic_ext>
10652 C<eagain>, C<ebcdic>, C<echo>, C<egrep>, C<emacs>, C<endgrent_r_proto>,
10653 C<endhostent_r_proto>, C<endnetent_r_proto>, C<endprotoent_r_proto>,
10654 C<endpwent_r_proto>, C<endservent_r_proto>, C<eunicefix>, C<exe_ext>,
10655 C<expr>, C<extensions>, C<extras>
10659 C<fflushall>, C<fflushNULL>, C<find>, C<firstmakefile>, C<flex>,
10660 C<fpossize>, C<fpostype>, C<freetype>, C<from>, C<full_ar>, C<full_csh>,
10665 C<gccosandvers>, C<gccversion>, C<getgrent_r_proto>, C<getgrgid_r_proto>,
10666 C<getgrnam_r_proto>, C<gethostbyaddr_r_proto>, C<gethostbyname_r_proto>,
10667 C<gethostent_r_proto>, C<getlogin_r_proto>, C<getnetbyaddr_r_proto>,
10668 C<getnetbyname_r_proto>, C<getnetent_r_proto>, C<getprotobyname_r_proto>,
10669 C<getprotobynumber_r_proto>, C<getprotoent_r_proto>, C<getpwent_r_proto>,
10670 C<getpwnam_r_proto>, C<getpwuid_r_proto>, C<getservbyname_r_proto>,
10671 C<getservbyport_r_proto>, C<getservent_r_proto>, C<getspnam_r_proto>,
10672 C<gidformat>, C<gidsign>, C<gidsize>, C<gidtype>, C<glibpth>, C<gmake>,
10673 C<gmtime_r_proto>, C<gnulibc_version>, C<grep>, C<groupcat>, C<groupstype>,
10678 C<h_fcntl>, C<h_sysfile>, C<hint>, C<hostcat>
10682 C<i16size>, C<i16type>, C<i32size>, C<i32type>, C<i64size>, C<i64type>,
10683 C<i8size>, C<i8type>, C<i_arpainet>, C<i_bsdioctl>, C<i_crypt>, C<i_db>,
10684 C<i_dbm>, C<i_dirent>, C<i_dld>, C<i_dlfcn>, C<i_fcntl>, C<i_float>,
10685 C<i_fp>, C<i_fp_class>, C<i_gdbm>, C<i_grp>, C<i_ieeefp>, C<i_inttypes>,
10686 C<i_langinfo>, C<i_libutil>, C<i_limits>, C<i_locale>, C<i_machcthr>,
10687 C<i_malloc>, C<i_math>, C<i_memory>, C<i_mntent>, C<i_ndbm>, C<i_netdb>,
10688 C<i_neterrno>, C<i_netinettcp>, C<i_niin>, C<i_poll>, C<i_prot>,
10689 C<i_pthread>, C<i_pwd>, C<i_rpcsvcdbm>, C<i_sfio>, C<i_sgtty>, C<i_shadow>,
10690 C<i_socks>, C<i_stdarg>, C<i_stddef>, C<i_stdlib>, C<i_string>,
10691 C<i_sunmath>, C<i_sysaccess>, C<i_sysdir>, C<i_sysfile>, C<i_sysfilio>,
10692 C<i_sysin>, C<i_sysioctl>, C<i_syslog>, C<i_sysmman>, C<i_sysmode>,
10693 C<i_sysmount>, C<i_sysndir>, C<i_sysparam>, C<i_sysresrc>, C<i_syssecrt>,
10694 C<i_sysselct>, C<i_syssockio>, C<i_sysstat>, C<i_sysstatfs>,
10695 C<i_sysstatvfs>, C<i_systime>, C<i_systimek>, C<i_systimes>, C<i_systypes>,
10696 C<i_sysuio>, C<i_sysun>, C<i_sysutsname>, C<i_sysvfs>, C<i_syswait>,
10697 C<i_termio>, C<i_termios>, C<i_time>, C<i_unistd>, C<i_ustat>, C<i_utime>,
10698 C<i_values>, C<i_varargs>, C<i_varhdr>, C<i_vfork>,
10699 C<ignore_versioned_solibs>, C<inc_version_list>, C<inc_version_list_init>,
10700 C<incpath>, C<inews>, C<installarchlib>, C<installbin>, C<installman1dir>,
10701 C<installman3dir>, C<installprefix>, C<installprefixexp>,
10702 C<installprivlib>, C<installscript>, C<installsitearch>, C<installsitebin>,
10703 C<installsitelib>, C<installstyle>, C<installusrbinperl>,
10704 C<installvendorarch>, C<installvendorbin>, C<installvendorlib>, C<intsize>,
10705 C<issymlink>, C<ivdformat>, C<ivsize>, C<ivtype>
10709 C<known_extensions>, C<ksh>
10713 C<ld>, C<lddlflags>, C<ldflags>, C<ldflags_uselargefiles>, C<ldlibpthname>,
10714 C<less>, C<lib_ext>, C<libc>, C<libperl>, C<libpth>, C<libs>, C<libsdirs>,
10715 C<libsfiles>, C<libsfound>, C<libspath>, C<libswanted>,
10716 C<libswanted_uselargefiles>, C<line>, C<lint>, C<lkflags>, C<ln>, C<lns>,
10717 C<localtime_r_proto>, C<locincpth>, C<loclibpth>, C<longdblsize>,
10718 C<longlongsize>, C<longsize>, C<lp>, C<lpr>, C<ls>, C<lseeksize>,
10723 C<mail>, C<mailx>, C<make>, C<make_set_make>, C<mallocobj>, C<mallocsrc>,
10724 C<malloctype>, C<man1dir>, C<man1direxp>, C<man1ext>, C<man3dir>,
10725 C<man3direxp>, C<man3ext>
10729 C<Mcc>, C<mips_type>, C<mkdir>, C<mmaptype>, C<modetype>, C<more>,
10730 C<multiarch>, C<mv>, C<myarchname>, C<mydomain>, C<myhostname>, C<myuname>
10734 C<n>, C<need_va_copy>, C<netdb_hlen_type>, C<netdb_host_type>,
10735 C<netdb_name_type>, C<netdb_net_type>, C<nm>, C<nm_opt>, C<nm_so_opt>,
10736 C<nonxs_ext>, C<nroff>, C<nv_preserves_uv_bits>, C<nveformat>,
10737 C<nvEUformat>, C<nvfformat>, C<nvFUformat>, C<nvgformat>, C<nvGUformat>,
10738 C<nvsize>, C<nvtype>
10742 C<o_nonblock>, C<obj_ext>, C<old_pthread_create_joinable>, C<optimize>,
10743 C<orderlib>, C<osname>, C<osvers>, C<otherlibdirs>
10747 C<package>, C<pager>, C<passcat>, C<patchlevel>, C<path_sep>, C<perl5>,
10748 C<perl>, C<perl_patchlevel>
10752 C<PERL_REVISION>, C<PERL_SUBVERSION>, C<PERL_VERSION>, C<perladmin>,
10753 C<perllibs>, C<perlpath>, C<pg>, C<phostname>, C<pidtype>, C<plibpth>,
10754 C<pm_apiversion>, C<pmake>, C<pr>, C<prefix>, C<prefixexp>, C<privlib>,
10755 C<privlibexp>, C<procselfexe>, C<prototype>, C<ptrsize>
10759 C<quadkind>, C<quadtype>
10763 C<randbits>, C<randfunc>, C<random_r_proto>, C<randseedtype>, C<ranlib>,
10764 C<rd_nodata>, C<readdir64_r_proto>, C<readdir_r_proto>, C<revision>, C<rm>,
10765 C<rmail>, C<run>, C<runnm>
10769 C<sched_yield>, C<scriptdir>, C<scriptdirexp>, C<sed>, C<seedfunc>,
10770 C<selectminbits>, C<selecttype>, C<sendmail>, C<setgrent_r_proto>,
10771 C<sethostent_r_proto>, C<setlocale_r_proto>, C<setnetent_r_proto>,
10772 C<setprotoent_r_proto>, C<setpwent_r_proto>, C<setservent_r_proto>, C<sh>,
10773 C<shar>, C<sharpbang>, C<shmattype>, C<shortsize>, C<shrpenv>, C<shsharp>,
10774 C<sig_count>, C<sig_name>, C<sig_name_init>, C<sig_num>, C<sig_num_init>,
10775 C<sig_size>, C<signal_t>, C<sitearch>, C<sitearchexp>, C<sitebin>,
10776 C<sitebinexp>, C<sitelib>, C<sitelib_stem>, C<sitelibexp>, C<siteprefix>,
10777 C<siteprefixexp>, C<sizesize>, C<sizetype>, C<sleep>, C<smail>, C<so>,
10778 C<sockethdr>, C<socketlib>, C<socksizetype>, C<sort>, C<spackage>,
10779 C<spitshell>, C<sPRId64>, C<sPRIeldbl>, C<sPRIEUldbl>, C<sPRIfldbl>,
10780 C<sPRIFUldbl>, C<sPRIgldbl>, C<sPRIGUldbl>, C<sPRIi64>, C<sPRIo64>,
10781 C<sPRIu64>, C<sPRIx64>, C<sPRIXU64>, C<srand48_r_proto>,
10782 C<srandom_r_proto>, C<src>, C<sSCNfldbl>, C<ssizetype>, C<startperl>,
10783 C<startsh>, C<static_ext>, C<stdchar>, C<stdio_base>, C<stdio_bufsiz>,
10784 C<stdio_cnt>, C<stdio_filbuf>, C<stdio_ptr>, C<stdio_stream_array>,
10785 C<strerror_r_proto>, C<strings>, C<submit>, C<subversion>, C<sysman>
10789 C<tail>, C<tar>, C<targetarch>, C<tbl>, C<tee>, C<test>, C<timeincl>,
10790 C<timetype>, C<tmpnam_r_proto>, C<to>, C<touch>, C<tr>, C<trnl>, C<troff>,
10795 C<u16size>, C<u16type>, C<u32size>, C<u32type>, C<u64size>, C<u64type>,
10796 C<u8size>, C<u8type>, C<uidformat>, C<uidsign>, C<uidsize>, C<uidtype>,
10797 C<uname>, C<uniq>, C<uquadtype>, C<use5005threads>, C<use64bitall>,
10798 C<use64bitint>, C<usecrosscompile>, C<usedl>, C<useithreads>,
10799 C<uselargefiles>, C<uselongdouble>, C<usemorebits>, C<usemultiplicity>,
10800 C<usemymalloc>, C<usenm>, C<useopcode>, C<useperlio>, C<useposix>,
10801 C<usereentrant>, C<usesfio>, C<useshrplib>, C<usesocks>, C<usethreads>,
10802 C<usevendorprefix>, C<usevfork>, C<usrinc>, C<uuname>, C<uvoformat>,
10803 C<uvsize>, C<uvtype>, C<uvuformat>, C<uvxformat>, C<uvXUformat>
10807 C<vendorarch>, C<vendorarchexp>, C<vendorbin>, C<vendorbinexp>,
10808 C<vendorlib>, C<vendorlib_stem>, C<vendorlibexp>, C<vendorprefix>,
10809 C<vendorprefixexp>, C<version>, C<version_patchlevel_string>,
10810 C<versiononly>, C<vi>, C<voidflags>
10814 C<xlibpth>, C<xs_apiversion>
10818 C<yacc>, C<yaccflags>
10830 =head2 Cwd - get pathname of current working directory
10840 =item getcwd and friends
10842 getcwd, cwd, fastcwd, fastgetcwd
10844 =item abs_path and friends
10846 abs_path, realpath, fast_abs_path
10858 =head2 DB - programmatic interface to the Perl debugging API (draft,
10870 =item Global Variables
10872 $DB::sub, %DB::sub, $DB::single, $DB::signal, $DB::trace, @DB::args,
10873 @DB::dbline, %DB::dbline, $DB::package, $DB::filename, $DB::subname,
10878 CLIENT->register(), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->skippkg('D::hide'),
10879 CLIENT->run(), CLIENT->step(), CLIENT->next(), CLIENT->done()
10881 =item Client Callback Methods
10883 CLIENT->init(), CLIENT->prestop([STRING]), CLIENT->stop(), CLIENT->idle(),
10884 CLIENT->poststop([STRING]), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->cleanup(),
10885 CLIENT->output(LIST)
10895 =head2 DB_File - Perl5 access to Berkeley DB version 1.x
10903 B<DB_HASH>, B<DB_BTREE>, B<DB_RECNO>
10907 =item Using DB_File with Berkeley DB version 2 or greater
10909 =item Interface to Berkeley DB
10911 =item Opening a Berkeley DB Database File
10913 =item Default Parameters
10915 =item In Memory Databases
10923 =item A Simple Example
10931 =item Changing the BTREE sort order
10933 =item Handling Duplicate Keys
10935 =item The get_dup() Method
10937 =item The find_dup() Method
10939 =item The del_dup() Method
10941 =item Matching Partial Keys
10949 =item The 'bval' Option
10951 =item A Simple Example
10953 =item Extra RECNO Methods
10955 B<$X-E<gt>push(list) ;>, B<$value = $X-E<gt>pop ;>, B<$X-E<gt>shift>,
10956 B<$X-E<gt>unshift(list) ;>, B<$X-E<gt>length>, B<$X-E<gt>splice(offset,
10957 length, elements);>
10959 =item Another Example
10963 =item THE API INTERFACE
10965 B<$status = $X-E<gt>get($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status =
10966 $X-E<gt>put($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>del($key [,
10967 $flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>fd ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>seq($key,
10968 $value, $flags) ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>sync([$flags]) ;>
10972 B<filter_store_key>, B<filter_store_value>, B<filter_fetch_key>,
10973 B<filter_fetch_value>
10979 =item An Example -- the NULL termination problem.
10981 =item Another Example -- Key is a C int.
10985 =item HINTS AND TIPS
10989 =item Locking: The Trouble with fd
10991 =item Safe ways to lock a database
10993 B<Tie::DB_Lock>, B<Tie::DB_LockFile>, B<DB_File::Lock>
10995 =item Sharing Databases With C Applications
10997 =item The untie() Gotcha
11001 =item COMMON QUESTIONS
11005 =item Why is there Perl source in my database?
11007 =item How do I store complex data structures with DB_File?
11009 =item What does "Invalid Argument" mean?
11011 =item What does "Bareword 'DB_File' not allowed" mean?
11031 =head2 Data::Dumper - stringified perl data structures, suitable for both
11032 printing and C<eval>
11044 I<PACKAGE>->new(I<ARRAYREF [>, I<ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Dump I<or>
11045 I<PACKAGE>->Dump(I<ARRAYREF [>, I<ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Seen(I<[HASHREF]>),
11046 I<$OBJ>->Values(I<[ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Names(I<[ARRAYREF]>),
11053 =item Configuration Variables or Methods
11055 $Data::Dumper::Indent I<or> I<$OBJ>->Indent(I<[NEWVAL]>),
11056 $Data::Dumper::Purity I<or> I<$OBJ>->Purity(I<[NEWVAL]>),
11057 $Data::Dumper::Pad I<or> I<$OBJ>->Pad(I<[NEWVAL]>),
11058 $Data::Dumper::Varname I<or> I<$OBJ>->Varname(I<[NEWVAL]>),
11059 $Data::Dumper::Useqq I<or> I<$OBJ>->Useqq(I<[NEWVAL]>),
11060 $Data::Dumper::Terse I<or> I<$OBJ>->Terse(I<[NEWVAL]>),
11061 $Data::Dumper::Freezer I<or> $I<OBJ>->Freezer(I<[NEWVAL]>),
11062 $Data::Dumper::Toaster I<or> $I<OBJ>->Toaster(I<[NEWVAL]>),
11063 $Data::Dumper::Deepcopy I<or> $I<OBJ>->Deepcopy(I<[NEWVAL]>),
11064 $Data::Dumper::Quotekeys I<or> $I<OBJ>->Quotekeys(I<[NEWVAL]>),
11065 $Data::Dumper::Bless I<or> $I<OBJ>->Bless(I<[NEWVAL]>),
11066 $Data::Dumper::Maxdepth I<or> $I<OBJ>->Maxdepth(I<[NEWVAL]>),
11067 $Data::Dumper::Useperl I<or> $I<OBJ>->Useperl(I<[NEWVAL]>),
11068 $Data::Dumper::Sortkeys I<or> $I<OBJ>->Sortkeys(I<[NEWVAL]>),
11069 $Data::Dumper::Deparse I<or> $I<OBJ>->Deparse(I<[NEWVAL]>)
11089 =head2 Devel::DProf - a Perl code profiler
11097 =item PROFILE FORMAT
11109 =head2 Devel::PPPort, Perl/Pollution/Portability
11131 =head2 Devel::Peek - A data debugging tool for the XS programmer
11141 =item Runtime debugging
11143 =item Memory footprint debugging
11151 =item A simple scalar string
11153 =item A simple scalar number
11155 =item A simple scalar with an extra reference
11157 =item A reference to a simple scalar
11159 =item A reference to an array
11161 =item A reference to a hash
11163 =item Dumping a large array or hash
11165 =item A reference to an SV which holds a C pointer
11167 =item A reference to a subroutine
11181 =head2 Devel::SelfStubber - generate stubs for a SelfLoading module
11191 =head2 Digest:: - Modules that calculate message digests
11199 I<binary>, I<hex>, I<base64>
11203 $ctx = Digest->XXX($arg,...), $ctx = Digest->new(XXX => $arg,...), $ctx =
11204 Digest::XXX->new($arg,...), $ctx->reset, $ctx->add($data,...),
11205 $ctx->addfile($io_handle), $ctx->digest, $ctx->hexdigest, $ctx->b64digest
11213 =head2 Digest::MD5 - Perl interface to the MD5 Algorithm
11223 md5($data,...), md5_hex($data,...), md5_base64($data,...)
11227 $md5 = Digest::MD5->new, $md5->reset, $md5->add($data,...),
11228 $md5->addfile($io_handle), $md5->digest, $md5->hexdigest, $md5->b64digest
11240 =head2 DirHandle - supply object methods for directory handles
11252 =head2 Dumpvalue - provides screen dump of Perl data.
11264 C<arrayDepth>, C<hashDepth>, C<compactDump>, C<veryCompact>, C<globPrint>,
11265 C<dumpDBFiles>, C<dumpPackages>, C<dumpReused>, C<tick>, C<quoteHighBit>,
11266 C<printUndef>, C<usageOnly>, unctrl, subdump, bareStringify, quoteHighBit,
11271 dumpValue, dumpValues, stringify, dumpvars, set_quote, set_unctrl,
11272 compactDump, veryCompact, set, get
11278 =head2 DynaLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code
11286 @dl_library_path, @dl_resolve_using, @dl_require_symbols, @dl_librefs,
11287 @dl_modules, dl_error(), $dl_debug, dl_findfile(), dl_expandspec(),
11288 dl_load_file(), dl_unload_file(), dl_loadflags(), dl_find_symbol(),
11289 dl_find_symbol_anywhere(), dl_undef_symbols(), dl_install_xsub(),
11296 =head2 DynaLoader::XSLoader, XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into
11309 =head2 Encode - character encodings
11317 =item Table of Contents
11329 =item PERL ENCODING API
11331 $octets = encode(ENCODING, $string [, CHECK]), $string = decode(ENCODING,
11332 $octets [, CHECK]), [$length =] from_to($octets, FROM_ENC, TO_ENC [,
11333 CHECK]), $octets = encode_utf8($string);, $string = decode_utf8($octets [,
11338 =item Listing available encodings
11340 =item Defining Aliases
11344 =item Encoding via PerlIO
11346 =item Handling Malformed Data
11348 I<CHECK> = Encode::FB_DEFAULT ( == 0), I<CHECK> = Encode::FB_CROAK ( == 1),
11349 I<CHECK> = Encode::FB_QUIET, I<CHECK> = Encode::FB_WARN, perlqq mode
11350 (I<CHECK> = Encode::FB_PERLQQ), HTML charref mode (I<CHECK> =
11351 Encode::FB_HTMLCREF), XML charref mode (I<CHECK> = Encode::FB_XMLCREF), The
11356 =item Unimplemented fallback schemes
11360 =item Defining Encodings
11362 =item The UTF-8 flag
11364 Goal #1:, Goal #2:, Goal #3:, Goal #4:
11368 =item Messing with Perl's Internals
11370 is_utf8(STRING [, CHECK]), _utf8_on(STRING), _utf8_off(STRING)
11380 =head2 Encode::Alias - alias definitions to encodings
11388 As a simple string, As a qr// compiled regular expression, e.g.:, As a code
11393 =item Alias overloading
11401 =head2 Encode::Byte - Single Byte Encodings
11415 =head2 Encode::CJKConstants -- Internally used by Encode::??::ISO_2022_*
11417 =head2 Encode::CN - China-based Chinese Encodings
11433 =head2 Encode::CN::HZ -- internally used by Encode::CN
11435 =head2 Encode::Config -- internally used by Encode
11437 =head2 Encode::EBCDIC - EBCDIC Encodings
11451 =head2 Encode::Encoding - Encode Implementation Base Class
11461 =item Methods you should implement
11463 -E<gt>encode($string [,$check]), -E<gt>decode($octets [,$check])
11465 =item Other methods defined in Encode::Encodings
11467 -E<gt>name, -E<gt>new_sequence, -E<gt>perlio_ok(), -E<gt>needs_lines()
11469 =item Example: Encode::ROT13
11473 =item Why the heck Encode API is different?
11477 =item Compiled Encodings
11483 Scheme 1, Scheme 2, Other Schemes
11487 =head2 Encode::Guess -- Guesses encoding from data
11497 Encode::Guess->set_suspects, Encode::Guess->add_suspects,
11498 Encode::decode("Guess" ...), Encode::Guess->guess($data),
11499 guess_encoding($data, [, I<list of suspects>])
11509 =head2 Encode::JP - Japanese Encodings
11519 =item Note on ISO-2022-JP(-1)?
11527 =head2 Encode::JP::H2Z -- internally used by Encode::JP::2022_JP*
11529 =head2 Encode::JP::JIS7 -- internally used by Encode::JP
11531 =head2 Encode::KR - Korean Encodings
11545 =head2 Encode::KR::2022_KR -- internally used by Encode::KR
11547 =head2 Encode::MIME::Header -- MIME 'B' and 'Q' header encoding
11563 =head2 Encode::PerlIO -- a detailed document on Encode and PerlIO
11569 =item How does it work?
11577 =item How can I tell whether my encoding fully supports PerlIO ?
11585 =head2 Encode::Supported -- Encodings supported by Encode
11593 =item Encoding Names
11597 =item Supported Encodings
11601 =item Built-in Encodings
11603 =item Encode::Unicode -- other Unicode encodings
11605 =item Encode::Byte -- Extended ASCII
11607 ISO-8859 and corresponding vendor mappings, KOI8 - De Facto Standard for
11608 the Cyrillic world, gsm0338 - Hentai Latin 1
11610 =item CJK: Chinese, Japanese, Korean (Multibyte)
11612 Encode::CN -- Continental China, Encode::JP -- Japan, Encode::KR -- Korea,
11613 Encode::TW -- Taiwan, Encode::HanExtra -- More Chinese via CPAN,
11614 Encode::JIS2K -- JIS X 0213 encodings via CPAN
11616 =item Miscellaneous encodings
11618 Encode::EBCDIC, Encode::Symbols, Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::Guess
11622 =item Unsupported encodings
11624 ISO-2022-JP-2 [RFC1554], ISO-2022-CN [RFC1922], Various HP-UX encodings,
11625 Cyrillic encoding ISO-IR-111, ISO-8859-8-1 [Hebrew], ISIRI 3342, Iran
11626 System, ISIRI 2900 [Farsi], Thai encoding TCVN, Vietnamese encodings VPS,
11627 Various Mac encodings, (Mac) Indic encodings
11629 =item Encoding vs. Charset -- terminology
11631 =item Encoding Classification (by Anton Tagunov and Dan Kogai)
11635 =item Microsoft-related naming mess
11637 KS_C_5601-1987, GB2312, Big5, Shift_JIS
11643 character repertoire, coded character set (CCS), character encoding scheme
11644 (CES), charset (in MIME context), EUC, ISO-2022, UCS, UCS-2, Unicode, UTF,
11651 ECMA, ECMA-035 (eq C<ISO-2022>), IANA, Assigned Charset Names by IANA, ISO,
11652 RFC, UC, Unicode Glossary
11656 =item Other Notable Sites
11658 czyborra.com, CJK.inf, Jungshik Shin's Hangul FAQ, debian.org:
11659 "Introduction to i18n"
11661 =item Offline sources
11663 C<CJKV Information Processing> by Ken Lunde
11669 =head2 Encode::Symbol - Symbol Encodings
11683 =head2 Encode::TW - Taiwan-based Chinese Encodings
11699 =head2 Encode::Unicode -- Various Unicode Transformation Formats
11707 L<http://www.unicode.org/glossary/> says:, Quick Reference
11709 =item Size, Endianness, and BOM
11715 =item by endianness
11717 BOM as integer when fetched in network byte order
11721 =item Surrogate Pairs
11727 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Alias, Encode::Alias - alias definitions to
11736 As a simple string, As a qr// compiled regular expression, e.g.:, As a code
11741 =item Alias overloading
11749 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::CJKConstants, Encode::CJKConstants.pm --
11750 Internally used by Encode::??::ISO_2022_*
11752 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::CN::HZ, Encode::CN::HZ -- internally used by
11755 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Config, Encode::Config -- internally used by
11758 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Encoding, Encode::Encoding - Encode
11759 Implementation Base Class
11769 =item Methods you should implement
11771 -E<gt>encode($string [,$check]), -E<gt>decode($octets [,$check])
11773 =item Other methods defined in Encode::Encodings
11775 -E<gt>name, -E<gt>new_sequence, -E<gt>perlio_ok(), -E<gt>needs_lines()
11777 =item Example: Encode::ROT13
11781 =item Why the heck Encode API is different?
11785 =item Compiled Encodings
11791 Scheme 1, Scheme 2, Other Schemes
11795 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Guess, Encode::Guess -- Guesses encoding from
11806 Encode::Guess->set_suspects, Encode::Guess->add_suspects,
11807 Encode::decode("Guess" ...), Encode::Guess->guess($data),
11808 guess_encoding($data, [, I<list of suspects>])
11818 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::JP::H2Z, Encode::JP::H2Z -- internally used by
11819 Encode::JP::2022_JP*
11821 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::JP::JIS7, Encode::JP::JIS7 -- internally used
11824 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::KR::2022_KR, Encode::KR::2022_KR -- internally
11827 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::MIME::Header -- MIME 'B'
11828 and 'Q' header encoding
11844 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::PerlIO, Encode::PerlIO -- a detailed document
11845 on Encode and PerlIO
11851 =item How does it work?
11859 =item How can I tell whether my encoding fully supports PerlIO ?
11867 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Supported, Encode::Supported -- Encodings
11868 supported by Encode
11876 =item Encoding Names
11880 =item Supported Encodings
11884 =item Built-in Encodings
11886 =item Encode::Unicode -- other Unicode encodings
11888 =item Encode::Byte -- Extended ASCII
11890 ISO-8859 and corresponding vendor mappings, KOI8 - De Facto Standard for
11891 the Cyrillic world, gsm0338 - Hentai Latin 1
11893 =item CJK: Chinese, Japanese, Korean (Multibyte)
11895 Encode::CN -- Continental China, Encode::JP -- Japan, Encode::KR -- Korea,
11896 Encode::TW -- Taiwan, Encode::HanExtra -- More Chinese via CPAN,
11897 Encode::JIS2K -- JIS X 0213 encodings via CPAN
11899 =item Miscellaneous encodings
11901 Encode::EBCDIC, Encode::Symbols, Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::Guess
11905 =item Unsupported encodings
11907 ISO-2022-JP-2 [RFC1554], ISO-2022-CN [RFC1922], Various HP-UX encodings,
11908 Cyrillic encoding ISO-IR-111, ISO-8859-8-1 [Hebrew], ISIRI 3342, Iran
11909 System, ISIRI 2900 [Farsi], Thai encoding TCVN, Vietnamese encodings VPS,
11910 Various Mac encodings, (Mac) Indic encodings
11912 =item Encoding vs. Charset -- terminology
11914 =item Encoding Classification (by Anton Tagunov and Dan Kogai)
11918 =item Microsoft-related naming mess
11920 KS_C_5601-1987, GB2312, Big5, Shift_JIS
11926 character repertoire, coded character set (CCS), character encoding scheme
11927 (CES), charset (in MIME context), EUC, ISO-2022, UCS, UCS-2, Unicode, UTF,
11934 ECMA, ECMA-035 (eq C<ISO-2022>), IANA, Assigned Charset Names by IANA, ISO,
11935 RFC, UC, Unicode Glossary
11939 =item Other Notable Sites
11941 czyborra.com, CJK.inf, Jungshik Shin's Hangul FAQ, debian.org:
11942 "Introduction to i18n"
11944 =item Offline sources
11946 C<CJKV Information Processing> by Ken Lunde
11952 =head2 Encode::lib::Encoder, Encode::Encoder -- Object Oriented Encoder
11958 use Encode::Encoder;
11959 # Encode::encode("ISO-8859-1", $data);
11960 Encode::Encoder->new($data)->iso_8859_1; # OOP way
11962 use Encode::Encoder qw(encoder);
11963 encoder($data)->iso_8859_1;
11964 # you can stack them!
11965 encoder($data)->iso_8859_1->base64; # provided base64() is defined
11966 # you can use it as a decoder as well
11967 encoder($base64)->bytes('base64')->latin1;
11969 print encoder($data)->utf8->latin1; # prints the string in latin1
11971 encoder("\x{abcd}\x{ef}g")->utf8 == 6; # true. bytes::length($data)
11979 =item Predefined Methods
11981 $e = Encode::Encoder-E<gt>new([$data, $encoding]);, encoder(),
11982 $e-E<gt>data([$data]), $e-E<gt>encoding([$encoding]),
11983 $e-E<gt>bytes([$encoding])
11985 =item Example: base64 transcoder
11987 =item Operator Overloading
11995 =head2 Encodencoding, encoding - allows you to write your script in
11996 non-ascii or non-utf8
12006 use encoding [I<ENCNAME>] ;, use encoding I<ENCNAME> [ STDIN =E<gt>
12007 I<ENCNAME_IN> ...] ;, no encoding;
12015 =item DO NOT MIX MULTIPLE ENCODINGS
12019 =item Non-ASCII Identifiers and Filter option
12021 use encoding I<ENCNAME> Filter=E<gt>1;
12023 =item EXAMPLE - Greekperl
12025 =item KNOWN PROBLEMS
12031 =head2 Encoder, Encode::Encoder -- Object Oriented Encoder
12037 use Encode::Encoder;
12038 # Encode::encode("ISO-8859-1", $data);
12039 Encode::Encoder->new($data)->iso_8859_1; # OOP way
12041 use Encode::Encoder qw(encoder);
12042 encoder($data)->iso_8859_1;
12043 # you can stack them!
12044 encoder($data)->iso_8859_1->base64; # provided base64() is defined
12045 # you can use it as a decoder as well
12046 encoder($base64)->bytes('base64')->latin1;
12048 print encoder($data)->utf8->latin1; # prints the string in latin1
12050 encoder("\x{abcd}\x{ef}g")->utf8 == 6; # true. bytes::length($data)
12058 =item Predefined Methods
12060 $e = Encode::Encoder-E<gt>new([$data, $encoding]);, encoder(),
12061 $e-E<gt>data([$data]), $e-E<gt>encoding([$encoding]),
12062 $e-E<gt>bytes([$encoding])
12064 =item Example: base64 transcoder
12066 =item Operator Overloading
12074 =head2 English - use nice English (or awk) names for ugly punctuation
12087 =head2 Env - perl module that imports environment variables as scalars or
12102 =head2 Errno - System errno constants
12118 =head2 Exporter - Implements default import method for modules
12128 =item How to Export
12130 =item Selecting What To Export
12132 =item How to Import
12134 C<use ModuleName;>, C<use ModuleName ();>, C<use ModuleName qw(...);>
12138 =item Advanced features
12142 =item Specialised Import Lists
12144 =item Exporting without using Exporter's import method
12146 =item Module Version Checking
12148 =item Managing Unknown Symbols
12150 =item Tag Handling Utility Functions
12152 =item Generating combined tags
12154 =item C<AUTOLOAD>ed Constants
12160 =head2 Exporter::Heavy - Exporter guts
12170 =head2 ExtUtils::Command - utilities to replace common UNIX commands in
12191 mv source... destination
12193 cp source... destination
12211 =head2 ExtUtils::Command::MM - Commands for the MM's to use in Makefiles
12223 =head2 ExtUtils::Constant - generate XS code to import C header constants
12233 IV, UV, NV, PV, PVN, SV, YES, NO, UNDEF
12241 perl_stringify NAME
12245 memEQ_clause NAME, CHECKED_AT, INDENT
12247 assign INDENT, TYPE, PRE, POST, VALUE..
12251 switch_clause INDENT, NAMELEN, ITEMHASH, ITEM..
12259 C_constant, name, type, value, macro, default, pre, post, def_pre =item
12262 XS_constant PACKAGE, TYPES, SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME
12264 autoload PACKAGE, VERSION, AUTOLOADER
12266 WriteMakefileSnippet
12268 WriteConstants ATTRIBUTE =E<gt> VALUE [, ...], NAME, DEFAULT_TYPE,
12269 BREAKOUT_AT, NAMES, C_FILE, XS_FILE, SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME
12277 =head2 ExtUtils::Embed - Utilities for embedding Perl in C/C++ applications
12289 xsinit(), Examples, ldopts(), Examples, perl_inc(), ccflags(), ccdlflags(),
12290 ccopts(), xsi_header(), xsi_protos(@modules), xsi_body(@modules)
12300 =head2 ExtUtils::Install - install files from here to there
12310 =head2 ExtUtils::Installed - Inventory management of installed modules
12322 new(), modules(), files(), directories(), directory_tree(), validate(),
12323 packlist(), version()
12331 =head2 ExtUtils::Liblist - determine libraries to use and how to use them
12339 For static extensions, For dynamic extensions at build/link time, For
12340 dynamic extensions at load time
12346 =item LDLOADLIBS and LD_RUN_PATH
12356 =item VMS implementation
12358 =item Win32 implementation
12366 =head2 ExtUtils::MM - OS adjusted ExtUtils::MakeMaker subclass
12376 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Any - Platform agnostic MM methods
12384 =item Inherently Cross-Platform Methods
12388 =item File::Spec wrappers B<DEPRECATED>
12402 file_name_is_absolute
12412 =item Thought To Be Cross-Platform Methods
12426 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_BeOS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
12427 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
12439 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
12440 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
12448 canonpath, cflags, manifypods, perl_archive
12452 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_DOS - DOS specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix
12462 =item Overridden methods
12464 B<replace_manpage_separator>
12478 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_MacOS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
12479 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
12521 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_NW5 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
12522 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
12538 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_OS2 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
12539 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
12553 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_UWIN - U/WIN specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix
12563 =item Overridden methods
12565 B<replace_manpage_separator>
12579 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Unix - methods used by ExtUtils::MakeMaker
12593 =item SelfLoaded methods
12645 =item Methods to actually produce chunks of text for the Makefile
12693 maybe_command_in_dirs
12717 post_initialize (o)
12731 replace_manpage_separator
12745 test_via_harness (override)
12747 test_via_script (override)
12777 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_VMS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
12778 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
12788 =item Methods always loaded
12800 guess_name (override)
12804 find_perl (override)
12806 maybe_command (override)
12808 maybe_command_in_dirs (override)
12810 perl_script (override)
12812 replace_manpage_separator
12814 init_main (override)
12816 init_others (override)
12818 constants (override)
12822 const_cccmd (override)
12824 pm_to_blib (override)
12826 tool_autosplit (override)
12828 tool_sxubpp (override)
12830 xsubpp_version (override)
12832 tools_other (override)
12842 top_targets (override)
12846 dynamic_lib (override)
12848 dynamic_bs (override)
12850 static_lib (override)
12852 manifypods (override)
12854 processPL (override)
12856 installbin (override)
12858 subdir_x (override)
12862 realclean (override)
12864 dist_core (override)
12866 dist_test (override)
12870 perldepend (override)
12872 makefile (override)
12874 find_tests (override)
12878 makeaperl (override)
12880 nicetext (override)
12882 prefixify (override)
12884 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Win32 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
12885 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
12907 tool_autosplit (override)
12923 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Win95 - method to customize MakeMaker for Win9X
12933 =head2 ExtUtils::MY - ExtUtils::MakeMaker subclass for customization
12943 =head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker - create an extension Makefile
12953 =item How To Write A Makefile.PL
12955 =item Default Makefile Behaviour
12963 =item PREFIX and LIB attribute
12967 =item Static Linking of a new Perl Binary
12969 =item Determination of Perl Library and Installation Locations
12971 =item Which architecture dependent directory?
12973 =item Using Attributes and Parameters
12975 ABSTRACT, ABSTRACT_FROM, AUTHOR, BINARY_LOCATION, C, CCFLAGS, CONFIG,
12976 CONFIGURE, DEFINE, DIR, DISTNAME, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, EXCLUDE_EXT,
12977 EXE_FILES, FIRST_MAKEFILE, FULLPERL, FULLPERLRUN, FULLPERLRUNINST,
12978 FUNCLIST, H, IMPORTS, INC, INCLUDE_EXT, INSTALLARCHLIB, INSTALLBIN,
12979 INSTALLDIRS, INSTALLMAN1DIR, INSTALLMAN3DIR, INSTALLPRIVLIB, INSTALLSCRIPT,
12980 INSTALLSITEARCH, INSTALLSITEBIN, INSTALLSITELIB, INSTALLSITEMAN1DIR,
12981 INSTALLSITEMAN3DIR, INSTALLVENDORARCH, INSTALLVENDORBIN, INSTALLVENDORLIB,
12982 INSTALLVENDORMAN1DIR, INSTALLVENDORMAN3DIR, INST_ARCHLIB, INST_BIN,
12983 INST_LIB, INST_MAN1DIR, INST_MAN3DIR, INST_SCRIPT, LDFROM, LIB, LIBPERL_A,
12984 LIBS, LINKTYPE, MAKEAPERL, MAKEFILE, MAN1PODS, MAN3PODS, MAP_TARGET,
12985 MYEXTLIB, NAME, NEEDS_LINKING, NOECHO, NORECURS, NO_VC, OBJECT, OPTIMIZE,
12986 PERL, PERL_CORE, PERLMAINCC, PERL_ARCHLIB, PERL_LIB, PERL_MALLOC_OK,
12987 PERLRUN, PERLRUNINST, PERL_SRC, PERM_RW, PERM_RWX, PL_FILES, PM, PMLIBDIRS,
12988 PM_FILTER, POLLUTE, PPM_INSTALL_EXEC, PPM_INSTALL_SCRIPT, PREFIX,
12989 PREREQ_FATAL, PREREQ_PM, PREREQ_PRINT, PRINT_PREREQ, SITEPREFIX, SKIP,
12990 TYPEMAPS, VENDORPREFIX, VERBINST, VERSION, VERSION_FROM, XS, XSOPT,
12991 XSPROTOARG, XS_VERSION
12993 =item Additional lowercase attributes
12995 clean, depend, dist, dynamic_lib, linkext, macro, realclean, test,
12998 =item Overriding MakeMaker Methods
13000 =item Hintsfile support
13002 =item Distribution Support
13004 make distcheck, make skipcheck, make distclean, make manifest,
13005 make distdir, make disttest, make tardist, make dist, make
13006 uutardist, make shdist, make zipdist, make ci
13008 =item Disabling an extension
13014 PERL_MM_OPT, PERL_MM_USE_DEFAULT
13022 =head2 ExtUtils::Manifest - utilities to write and check a MANIFEST file
13030 =item MANIFEST.SKIP
13034 =item GLOBAL VARIABLES
13038 C<Not in MANIFEST:> I<file>, C<Skipping> I<file>, C<No such file:> I<file>,
13039 C<MANIFEST:> I<$!>, C<Added to MANIFEST:> I<file>
13043 B<PERL_MM_MANIFEST_DEBUG>
13051 =head2 ExtUtils::Miniperl, writemain - write the C code for perlmain.c
13063 =head2 ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap - make a bootstrap file for use by DynaLoader
13073 =head2 ExtUtils::Mksymlists - write linker options files for dynamic
13082 DLBASE, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, FILE, FUNCLIST, IMPORTS, NAME
13090 =head2 ExtUtils::Packlist - manage .packlist files
13102 new(), read(), write(), validate(), packlist_file()
13110 =head2 ExtUtils::testlib - add blib/* directories to @INC
13120 =head2 Fatal - replace functions with equivalents which succeed or die
13132 =head2 Fcntl - load the C Fcntl.h defines
13142 =item EXPORTED SYMBOLS
13146 =head2 File::Basename, fileparse - split a pathname into pieces
13154 fileparse_set_fstype, fileparse
13158 C<basename>, C<dirname>
13162 =head2 File::CheckTree, validate - run many filetest checks on a tree
13176 =head2 File::Compare - Compare files or filehandles
13190 =head2 File::Copy - Copy files or filehandles
13200 =item Special behaviour if C<syscopy> is defined (OS/2, VMS and Win32)
13202 rmscopy($from,$to[,$date_flag])
13214 =head2 File::DosGlob - DOS like globbing and then some
13224 =item EXPORTS (by request only)
13236 =head2 File::Find - Traverse a directory tree.
13244 B<find>, B<finddepth>
13250 C<wanted>, C<bydepth>, C<preprocess>, C<postprocess>, C<follow>,
13251 C<follow_fast>, C<follow_skip>, C<dangling_symlinks>, C<no_chdir>,
13252 C<untaint>, C<untaint_pattern>, C<untaint_skip>
13254 =item The wanted function
13256 C<$File::Find::dir> is the current directory name,, C<$_> is the current
13257 filename within that directory, C<$File::Find::name> is the complete
13258 pathname to the file
13266 $dont_use_nlink, symlinks
13274 =head2 File::Glob - Perl extension for BSD glob routine
13282 C<GLOB_ERR>, C<GLOB_LIMIT>, C<GLOB_MARK>, C<GLOB_NOCASE>, C<GLOB_NOCHECK>,
13283 C<GLOB_NOSORT>, C<GLOB_BRACE>, C<GLOB_NOMAGIC>, C<GLOB_QUOTE>,
13284 C<GLOB_TILDE>, C<GLOB_CSH>, C<GLOB_ALPHASORT>
13288 C<GLOB_NOSPACE>, C<GLOB_ABEND>
13296 =head2 File::Path - create or remove directory trees
13308 =head2 File::Spec - portably perform operations on file names
13318 canonpath, catdir, catfile, curdir, devnull, rootdir, tmpdir, updir,
13319 no_upwards, case_tolerant, file_name_is_absolute, path, join, splitpath,
13320 splitdir, catpath(), abs2rel, rel2abs()
13328 =head2 File::Spec::Cygwin - methods for Cygwin file specs
13338 =head2 File::Spec::Epoc - methods for Epoc file specs
13356 =head2 File::Spec::Functions - portably perform operations on file names
13374 =head2 File::Spec::Mac - File::Spec for Mac OS (Classic)
13402 file_name_is_absolute
13424 =head2 File::Spec::NW5 - methods for NW5 file specs
13462 =head2 File::Spec::OS2 - methods for OS/2 file specs
13472 =head2 File::Spec::Unix - File::Spec for Unix, base for other File::Spec
13505 file_name_is_absolute
13527 =head2 File::Spec::VMS - methods for VMS file specs
13543 =item Methods always loaded
13545 canonpath (override)
13563 case_tolerant (override)
13567 file_name_is_absolute (override)
13569 splitpath (override)
13571 splitdir (override)
13585 =head2 File::Spec::Win32 - methods for Win32 file specs
13615 =head2 File::Temp - return name and handle of a temporary file safely
13639 =item MKTEMP FUNCTIONS
13653 =item POSIX FUNCTIONS
13663 =item ADDITIONAL FUNCTIONS
13671 =item UTILITY FUNCTIONS
13679 =item PACKAGE VARIABLES
13681 B<safe_level>, STANDARD, MEDIUM, HIGH
13693 =item Temporary files and NFS
13705 =head2 File::stat - by-name interface to Perl's built-in stat() functions
13719 =head2 FileCache - keep more files open than the system permits
13727 cacheout EXPR, cacheout MODE, EXPR
13735 =head2 FileHandle - supply object methods for filehandles
13743 $fh->print, $fh->printf, $fh->getline, $fh->getlines
13749 =head2 Filter::Simple - Simplified source filtering
13763 =item Disabling or changing <no> behaviour
13765 =item All-in-one interface
13767 =item Filtering only specific components of source code
13769 C<"code">, C<"executable">, C<"quotelike">, C<"string">, C<"regex">,
13772 =item Filtering only the code parts of source code
13774 Most source code ceases to be grammatically correct when it is broken up
13775 into the pieces between string literals and regexes. So the C<'code'>
13776 component filter behaves slightly differently from the other partial
13778 described in the previous section.
13780 =item Using Filter::Simple with an explicit C<import> subroutine
13782 =item Using Filter::Simple and Exporter together
13794 =head2 Filter::Util::Call - Perl Source Filter Utility Module
13804 =item B<use Filter::Util::Call>
13808 =item B<filter() and anonymous sub>
13810 B<$_>, B<$status>, B<filter_read> and B<filter_read_exact>, B<filter_del>
13818 =item Example 1: A simple filter.
13820 =item Example 2: Using the context
13822 =item Example 3: Using the context within the filter
13824 =item Example 4: Using filter_del
13828 =item Filter::Simple
13836 =head2 FindBin - Locate directory of original perl script
13844 =item EXPORTABLE VARIABLES
13856 =head2 GDBM_File - Perl5 access to the gdbm library.
13872 =head2 Getopt::Long - Extended processing of command line options
13880 =item Command Line Options, an Introduction
13882 =item Getting Started with Getopt::Long
13886 =item Simple options
13888 =item A little bit less simple options
13890 =item Mixing command line option with other arguments
13892 =item Options with values
13894 =item Options with multiple values
13896 =item Options with hash values
13898 =item User-defined subroutines to handle options
13900 =item Options with multiple names
13902 =item Case and abbreviations
13904 =item Summary of Option Specifications
13906 !, +, s, i, o, f, : I<type> [ I<desttype> ], : I<number> [ I<desttype> ], :
13911 =item Advanced Possibilities
13915 =item Object oriented interface
13917 =item Documentation and help texts
13919 =item Storing options in a hash
13923 =item The lonesome dash
13925 =item Argument callback
13929 =item Configuring Getopt::Long
13931 default, posix_default, auto_abbrev, getopt_compat, gnu_compat, gnu_getopt,
13932 require_order, permute, bundling (default: disabled), bundling_override
13933 (default: disabled), ignore_case (default: enabled), ignore_case_always
13934 (default: disabled), pass_through (default: disabled), prefix,
13935 prefix_pattern, debug (default: disabled)
13937 =item Return values and Errors
13943 =item Default destinations
13945 =item Alternative option starters
13947 =item Configuration variables
13951 =item Trouble Shooting
13955 =item Warning: Ignoring '!' modifier for short option
13957 =item GetOptions does not return a false result when an option is not
13960 =item GetOptions does not split the command line correctly
13962 =item How do I put a "-?" option into a Getopt::Long?
13968 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER
13972 =head2 Getopt::Std, getopt - Process single-character switches with switch
13983 =head2 Hash::Util - A selection of general-utility hash subroutines
13993 =item Restricted hashes
13995 lock_keys, unlock_keys
14001 lock_value, unlock_value
14003 B<lock_hash>, B<unlock_hash>
14013 =head2 I18N::Collate - compare 8-bit scalar data according to the current
14024 =head2 I18N::LangTags - functions for dealing with RFC3066-style language
14035 the function is_language_tag($lang1)
14037 the function extract_language_tags($whatever)
14039 the function same_language_tag($lang1, $lang2)
14041 the function similarity_language_tag($lang1, $lang2)
14043 the function is_dialect_of($lang1, $lang2)
14045 the function super_languages($lang1)
14047 the function locale2language_tag($locale_identifier)
14049 the function encode_language_tag($lang1)
14051 the function alternate_language_tags($lang1)
14053 the function @langs = panic_languages(@accept_languages)
14057 =item ABOUT LOWERCASING
14059 =item ABOUT UNICODE PLAINTEXT LANGUAGE TAGS
14069 =head2 I18N::LangTags::List -- tags and names for human languages
14077 =item ABOUT LANGUAGE TAGS
14079 =item LIST OF LANGUAGES
14081 {ab} : Abkhazian, {ace} : Achinese, {ach} : Acoli, {ada} : Adangme, {aa} :
14082 Afar, {afh} : Afrihili, {af} : Afrikaans, [{afa} : Afro-Asiatic (Other)],
14083 {aka} : Akan, {akk} : Akkadian, {sq} : Albanian, {ale} : Aleut, [{alg} :
14084 Algonquian languages], [{tut} : Altaic (Other)], {am} : Amharic, {i-ami} :
14085 Ami, [{apa} : Apache languages], {ar} : Arabic, {arc} : Aramaic, {arp} :
14086 Arapaho, {arn} : Araucanian, {arw} : Arawak, {hy} : Armenian, [{art} :
14087 Artificial (Other)], {as} : Assamese, [{ath} : Athapascan languages],
14088 [{aus} : Australian languages], [{map} : Austronesian (Other)], {ava} :
14089 Avaric, {ae} : Avestan, {awa} : Awadhi, {ay} : Aymara, {az} : Azerbaijani,
14090 {ban} : Balinese, [{bat} : Baltic (Other)], {bal} : Baluchi, {bam} :
14091 Bambara, [{bai} : Bamileke languages], {bad} : Banda, [{bnt} : Bantu
14092 (Other)], {bas} : Basa, {ba} : Bashkir, {eu} : Basque, {btk} : Batak
14093 (Indonesia), {bej} : Beja, {be} : Belarusian, {bem} : Bemba, {bn} :
14094 Bengali, [{ber} : Berber (Other)], {bho} : Bhojpuri, {bh} : Bihari, {bik} :
14095 Bikol, {bin} : Bini, {bi} : Bislama, {bs} : Bosnian, {bra} : Braj, {br} :
14096 Breton, {bug} : Buginese, {bg} : Bulgarian, {i-bnn} : Bunun, {bua} :
14097 Buriat, {my} : Burmese, {cad} : Caddo, {car} : Carib, {ca} : Catalan,
14098 [{cau} : Caucasian (Other)], {ceb} : Cebuano, [{cel} : Celtic (Other)],
14099 [{cai} : Central American Indian (Other)], {chg} : Chagatai, [{cmc} :
14100 Chamic languages], {ch} : Chamorro, {ce} : Chechen, {chr} : Cherokee, {chy}
14101 : Cheyenne, {chb} : Chibcha, {ny} : Chichewa, {zh} : Chinese, {chn} :
14102 Chinook Jargon, {chp} : Chipewyan, {cho} : Choctaw, {cu} : Church Slavic,
14103 {chk} : Chuukese, {cv} : Chuvash, {cop} : Coptic, {kw} : Cornish, {co} :
14104 Corsican, {cre} : Cree, {mus} : Creek, [{cpe} : English-based Creoles and
14105 pidgins (Other)], [{cpf} : French-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)],
14106 [{cpp} : Portuguese-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{crp} : Creoles
14107 and pidgins (Other)], {hr} : Croatian, [{cus} : Cushitic (Other)], {cs} :
14108 Czech, {dak} : Dakota, {da} : Danish, {day} : Dayak, {i-default} : Default
14109 (Fallthru) Language, {del} : Delaware, {din} : Dinka, {div} : Divehi, {doi}
14110 : Dogri, {dgr} : Dogrib, [{dra} : Dravidian (Other)], {dua} : Duala, {nl} :
14111 Dutch, {dum} : Middle Dutch (ca.1050-1350), {dyu} : Dyula, {dz} : Dzongkha,
14112 {efi} : Efik, {egy} : Ancient Egyptian, {eka} : Ekajuk, {elx} : Elamite,
14113 {en} : English, {enm} : Old English (1100-1500), {ang} : Old English
14114 (ca.450-1100), {eo} : Esperanto, {et} : Estonian, {ewe} : Ewe, {ewo} :
14115 Ewondo, {fan} : Fang, {fat} : Fanti, {fo} : Faroese, {fj} : Fijian, {fi} :
14116 Finnish, [{fiu} : Finno-Ugrian (Other)], {fon} : Fon, {fr} : French, {frm}
14117 : Middle French (ca.1400-1600), {fro} : Old French (842-ca.1400), {fy} :
14118 Frisian, {fur} : Friulian, {ful} : Fulah, {gaa} : Ga, {gd} : Scots Gaelic,
14119 {gl} : Gallegan, {lug} : Ganda, {gay} : Gayo, {gba} : Gbaya, {gez} : Geez,
14120 {ka} : Georgian, {de} : German, {gmh} : Middle High German (ca.1050-1500),
14121 {goh} : Old High German (ca.750-1050), [{gem} : Germanic (Other)], {gil} :
14122 Gilbertese, {gon} : Gondi, {gor} : Gorontalo, {got} : Gothic, {grb} :
14123 Grebo, {grc} : Ancient Greek, {el} : Modern Greek, {gn} : Guarani, {gu} :
14124 Gujarati, {gwi} : Gwich'in, {hai} : Haida, {ha} : Hausa, {haw} : Hawaiian,
14125 {he} : Hebrew, {hz} : Herero, {hil} : Hiligaynon, {him} : Himachali, {hi} :
14126 Hindi, {ho} : Hiri Motu, {hit} : Hittite, {hmn} : Hmong, {hu} : Hungarian,
14127 {hup} : Hupa, {iba} : Iban, {is} : Icelandic, {ibo} : Igbo, {ijo} : Ijo,
14128 {ilo} : Iloko, [{inc} : Indic (Other)], [{ine} : Indo-European (Other)],
14129 {id} : Indonesian, {ia} : Interlingua (International Auxiliary Language
14130 Association), {ie} : Interlingue, {iu} : Inuktitut, {ik} : Inupiaq, [{ira}
14131 : Iranian (Other)], {ga} : Irish, {mga} : Middle Irish (900-1200), {sga} :
14132 Old Irish (to 900), [{iro} : Iroquoian languages], {it} : Italian, {ja} :
14133 Japanese, {jw} : Javanese, {jrb} : Judeo-Arabic, {jpr} : Judeo-Persian,
14134 {kab} : Kabyle, {kac} : Kachin, {kl} : Kalaallisut, {kam} : Kamba, {kn} :
14135 Kannada, {kau} : Kanuri, {kaa} : Kara-Kalpak, {kar} : Karen, {ks} :
14136 Kashmiri, {kaw} : Kawi, {kk} : Kazakh, {kha} : Khasi, {km} : Khmer, [{khi}
14137 : Khoisan (Other)], {kho} : Khotanese, {ki} : Kikuyu, {kmb} : Kimbundu,
14138 {rw} : Kinyarwanda, {ky} : Kirghiz, {i-klingon} : Klingon, {kv} : Komi,
14139 {kon} : Kongo, {kok} : Konkani, {ko} : Korean, {kos} : Kosraean, {kpe} :
14140 Kpelle, {kro} : Kru, {kj} : Kuanyama, {kum} : Kumyk, {ku} : Kurdish, {kru}
14141 : Kurukh, {kut} : Kutenai, {lad} : Ladino, {lah} : Lahnda, {lam} : Lamba,
14142 {lo} : Lao, {la} : Latin, {lv} : Latvian, {lb} : Letzeburgesch, {lez} :
14143 Lezghian, {ln} : Lingala, {lt} : Lithuanian, {nds} : Low German, {loz} :
14144 Lozi, {lub} : Luba-Katanga, {lua} : Luba-Lulua, {lui} : Luiseno, {lun} :
14145 Lunda, {luo} : Luo (Kenya and Tanzania), {lus} : Lushai, {mk} : Macedonian,
14146 {mad} : Madurese, {mag} : Magahi, {mai} : Maithili, {mak} : Makasar, {mg} :
14147 Malagasy, {ms} : Malay, {ml} : Malayalam, {mt} : Maltese, {mnc} : Manchu,
14148 {mdr} : Mandar, {man} : Mandingo, {mni} : Manipuri, [{mno} : Manobo
14149 languages], {gv} : Manx, {mi} : Maori, {mr} : Marathi, {chm} : Mari, {mh} :
14150 Marshall, {mwr} : Marwari, {mas} : Masai, [{myn} : Mayan languages], {men}
14151 : Mende, {mic} : Micmac, {min} : Minangkabau, {i-mingo} : Mingo, [{mis} :
14152 Miscellaneous languages], {moh} : Mohawk, {mo} : Moldavian, [{mkh} :
14153 Mon-Khmer (Other)], {lol} : Mongo, {mn} : Mongolian, {mos} : Mossi, [{mul}
14154 : Multiple languages], [{mun} : Munda languages], {nah} : Nahuatl, {na} :
14155 Nauru, {nv} : Navajo, {nd} : North Ndebele, {nr} : South Ndebele, {ng} :
14156 Ndonga, {ne} : Nepali, {new} : Newari, {nia} : Nias, [{nic} :
14157 Niger-Kordofanian (Other)], [{ssa} : Nilo-Saharan (Other)], {niu} : Niuean,
14158 {non} : Old Norse, [{nai} : North American Indian], {se} : Northern Sami,
14159 {no} : Norwegian, {nb} : Norwegian Bokmal, {nn} : Norwegian Nynorsk, [{nub}
14160 : Nubian languages], {nym} : Nyamwezi, {nyn} : Nyankole, {nyo} : Nyoro,
14161 {nzi} : Nzima, {oc} : Occitan (post 1500), {oji} : Ojibwa, {or} : Oriya,
14162 {om} : Oromo, {osa} : Osage, {os} : Ossetian; Ossetic, [{oto} : Otomian
14163 languages], {pal} : Pahlavi, {i-pwn} : Paiwan, {pau} : Palauan, {pi} :
14164 Pali, {pam} : Pampanga, {pag} : Pangasinan, {pa} : Panjabi, {pap} :
14165 Papiamento, [{paa} : Papuan (Other)], {fa} : Persian, {peo} : Old Persian
14166 (ca.600-400 B.C.), [{phi} : Philippine (Other)], {phn} : Phoenician, {pon}
14167 : Pohnpeian, {pl} : Polish, {pt} : Portuguese, [{pra} : Prakrit languages],
14168 {pro} : Old Provencal (to 1500), {ps} : Pushto, {qu} : Quechua, {rm} :
14169 Raeto-Romance, {raj} : Rajasthani, {rap} : Rapanui, {rar} : Rarotongan,
14170 [{qaa - qtz} : Reserved for local use.], [{roa} : Romance (Other)], {ro} :
14171 Romanian, {rom} : Romany, {rn} : Rundi, {ru} : Russian, [{sal} : Salishan
14172 languages], {sam} : Samaritan Aramaic, [{smi} : Sami languages (Other)],
14173 {sm} : Samoan, {sad} : Sandawe, {sg} : Sango, {sa} : Sanskrit, {sat} :
14174 Santali, {sc} : Sardinian, {sas} : Sasak, {sco} : Scots, {sel} : Selkup,
14175 [{sem} : Semitic (Other)], {sr} : Serbian, {srr} : Serer, {shn} : Shan,
14176 {sn} : Shona, {sid} : Sidamo, {sgn-...} : Sign Languages, {bla} : Siksika,
14177 {sd} : Sindhi, {si} : Sinhalese, [{sit} : Sino-Tibetan (Other)], [{sio} :
14178 Siouan languages], {den} : Slave (Athapascan), [{sla} : Slavic (Other)],
14179 {sk} : Slovak, {sl} : Slovenian, {sog} : Sogdian, {so} : Somali, {son} :
14180 Songhai, {snk} : Soninke, {wen} : Sorbian languages, {nso} : Northern
14181 Sotho, {st} : Southern Sotho, [{sai} : South American Indian (Other)], {es}
14182 : Spanish, {suk} : Sukuma, {sux} : Sumerian, {su} : Sundanese, {sus} :
14183 Susu, {sw} : Swahili, {ss} : Swati, {sv} : Swedish, {syr} : Syriac, {tl} :
14184 Tagalog, {ty} : Tahitian, [{tai} : Tai (Other)], {tg} : Tajik, {tmh} :
14185 Tamashek, {ta} : Tamil, {i-tao} : Tao, {tt} : Tatar, {i-tay} : Tayal, {te}
14186 : Telugu, {ter} : Tereno, {tet} : Tetum, {th} : Thai, {bo} : Tibetan, {tig}
14187 : Tigre, {ti} : Tigrinya, {tem} : Timne, {tiv} : Tiv, {tli} : Tlingit,
14188 {tpi} : Tok Pisin, {tkl} : Tokelau, {tog} : Tonga (Nyasa), {to} : Tonga
14189 (Tonga Islands), {tsi} : Tsimshian, {ts} : Tsonga, {i-tsu} : Tsou, {tn} :
14190 Tswana, {tum} : Tumbuka, {tr} : Turkish, {ota} : Ottoman Turkish
14191 (1500-1928), {tk} : Turkmen, {tvl} : Tuvalu, {tyv} : Tuvinian, {tw} : Twi,
14192 {uga} : Ugaritic, {ug} : Uighur, {uk} : Ukrainian, {umb} : Umbundu, {und} :
14193 Undetermined, {ur} : Urdu, {uz} : Uzbek, {vai} : Vai, {ven} : Venda, {vi} :
14194 Vietnamese, {vo} : Volapuk, {vot} : Votic, [{wak} : Wakashan languages],
14195 {wal} : Walamo, {war} : Waray, {was} : Washo, {cy} : Welsh, {wo} : Wolof,
14196 {x-...} : Unregistered (Semi-Private Use), {xh} : Xhosa, {sah} : Yakut,
14197 {yao} : Yao, {yap} : Yapese, {yi} : Yiddish, {yo} : Yoruba, [{ypk} : Yupik
14198 languages], {znd} : Zande, [{zap} : Zapotec], {zen} : Zenaga, {za} :
14199 Zhuang, {zu} : Zulu, {zun} : Zuni
14203 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER
14209 =head2 I18N::Langinfo - query locale information
14227 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
14231 =head2 IO - load various IO modules
14241 =head2 IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory handles
14249 new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (),
14250 rewind (), close (), tie %hash, IO::Dir, DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ]
14260 =head2 IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles
14270 new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile
14274 open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] )
14282 =head2 IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O handles
14292 new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE )
14296 $io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines,
14297 $io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ), $io->error,
14298 $io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush ( ARGS ),
14299 $io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint
14311 =head2 IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes
14321 new ( [READER, WRITER] )
14325 reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles ()
14335 =head2 IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call
14345 mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ), remove (
14346 IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] )
14356 =head2 IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for I/O objects
14364 $io->getpos, $io->setpos, $io->seek ( POS, WHENCE ), WHENCE=0 (SEEK_SET),
14365 WHENCE=1 (SEEK_CUR), WHENCE=2 (SEEK_END), $io->sysseek( POS, WHENCE ),
14374 =head2 IO::Select - OO interface to the select system call
14384 new ( [ HANDLES ] )
14388 add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read (
14389 [ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ),
14390 count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, ERROR [, TIMEOUT ] )
14400 =head2 IO::Socket - Object interface to socket communications
14414 accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), atmark, connected,
14415 protocol, sockdomain, sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), socktype, timeout([VAL])
14425 =head2 IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for AF_INET domain sockets
14441 sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost
14454 =head2 IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for AF_UNIX domain sockets
14468 hostpath(), peerpath()
14478 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Dir, IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory
14487 new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (),
14488 rewind (), close (), tie %hash, IO::Dir, DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ]
14498 =head2 IO::lib::IO::File, IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles
14508 new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile
14512 open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] )
14520 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Handle, IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O
14531 new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE )
14535 $io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines,
14536 $io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ), $io->error,
14537 $io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush ( ARGS ),
14538 $io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint
14550 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Pipe, IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes
14560 new ( [READER, WRITER] )
14564 reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles ()
14574 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Poll, IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call
14584 mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ), remove (
14585 IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] )
14595 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Seekable, IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for
14604 $io->getpos, $io->setpos, $io->seek ( POS, WHENCE ), WHENCE=0 (SEEK_SET),
14605 WHENCE=1 (SEEK_CUR), WHENCE=2 (SEEK_END), $io->sysseek( POS, WHENCE ),
14614 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Select, IO::Select - OO interface to the select system
14625 new ( [ HANDLES ] )
14629 add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read (
14630 [ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ),
14631 count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, ERROR [, TIMEOUT ] )
14641 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket, IO::Socket - Object interface to socket
14656 accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), atmark, connected,
14657 protocol, sockdomain, sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), socktype, timeout([VAL])
14667 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket::INET, IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for
14668 AF_INET domain sockets
14684 sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost
14697 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket::UNIX, IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for
14698 AF_UNIX domain sockets
14712 hostpath(), peerpath()
14722 =head2 IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class
14732 new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set
14733 ( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [,
14744 =head2 IPC::Open2, open2 - open a process for both reading and writing
14758 =head2 IPC::Open3, open3 - open a process for reading, writing, and error
14771 =head2 IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object class
14781 new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ),
14782 getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ),
14783 set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N
14794 =head2 IPC::SysV - SysV IPC constants
14812 =head2 IPC::SysV::Msg, IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class
14822 new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set
14823 ( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [,
14834 =head2 IPC::SysV::Semaphore, IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object
14845 new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ),
14846 getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ),
14847 set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N
14858 =head2 List::Util - A selection of general-utility list subroutines
14866 first BLOCK LIST, max LIST, maxstr LIST, min LIST, minstr LIST, reduce
14867 BLOCK LIST, shuffle LIST, sum LIST
14871 =item SUGGESTED ADDITIONS
14877 =head2 List::Utilib::List::Util, List::Util - A selection of
14878 general-utility list subroutines
14886 first BLOCK LIST, max LIST, maxstr LIST, min LIST, minstr LIST, reduce
14887 BLOCK LIST, shuffle LIST, sum LIST
14891 =item SUGGESTED ADDITIONS
14897 =head2 List::Utilib::Scalar::Util, Scalar::Util - A selection of
14898 general-utility scalar subroutines
14906 blessed EXPR, dualvar NUM, STRING, isweak EXPR, openhandle FH, reftype
14907 EXPR, tainted EXPR, weaken REF
14917 =head2 Locale::Constants - constants for Locale codes
14925 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
14929 Locale::Language, Locale::Country, Locale::Script, Locale::Currency
14937 =head2 Locale::Country - ISO codes for country identification (ISO 3166)
14945 B<alpha-2>, B<alpha-3>, B<numeric>
14947 =item CONVERSION ROUTINES
14949 code2country( CODE, [ CODESET ] ), country2code( STRING, [ CODESET ] ),
14950 country_code2code( CODE, CODESET, CODESET )
14952 =item QUERY ROUTINES
14954 C<all_country_codes( [ CODESET ] )>, C<all_country_names( [ CODESET ] )>
14956 =item SEMI-PRIVATE ROUTINES
14962 =item rename_country
14970 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
14974 Locale::Language, Locale::Script, Locale::Currency, Locale::SubCountry, ISO
14975 3166-1, http://www.iso.org/iso/en/prods-services/iso3166ma/index.html,
14976 http://www.egt.ie/standards/iso3166/iso3166-1-en.html,
14977 http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/docs/app-f.html
14985 =head2 Locale::Currency - ISO three letter codes for currency
14986 identification (ISO 4217)
14996 =item CONVERSION ROUTINES
14998 code2currency(), currency2code()
15000 =item QUERY ROUTINES
15002 C<all_currency_codes()>, C<all_currency_names()>
15006 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
15010 Locale::Country, Locale::Script, ISO 4217:1995,
15011 http://www.bsi-global.com/iso4217currency
15019 =head2 Locale::Language - ISO two letter codes for language identification
15028 =item CONVERSION ROUTINES
15030 code2language(), language2code()
15032 =item QUERY ROUTINES
15034 C<all_language_codes()>, C<all_language_names()>
15038 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
15042 Locale::Country, Locale::Script, Locale::Currency, ISO 639:1988 (E/F),
15043 http://lcweb.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/langhome.html
15051 =head2 Locale::Maketext -- framework for localization
15059 =item QUICK OVERVIEW
15065 =item Construction Methods
15067 =item The "maketext" Method
15069 $lh->fail_with I<or> $lh->fail_with(I<PARAM>), $lh->failure_handler_auto
15071 =item Utility Methods
15073 $language->quant($number, $singular), $language->quant($number, $singular,
15074 $plural), $language->quant($number, $singular, $plural, $negative),
15075 $language->numf($number), $language->sprintf($format, @items),
15076 $language->language_tag(), $language->encoding()
15078 =item Language Handle Attributes and Internals
15082 =item LANGUAGE CLASS HIERARCHIES
15084 =item ENTRIES IN EACH LEXICON
15086 =item BRACKET NOTATION
15088 =item AUTO LEXICONS
15090 =item CONTROLLING LOOKUP FAILURE
15092 =item HOW TO USE MAKETEXT
15096 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER
15102 =head2 Locale::Maketext::TPJ13 -- article about software localization
15110 =item Localization and Perl: gettext breaks, Maketext fixes
15114 =item A Localization Horror Story: It Could Happen To You
15116 =item The Linguistic View
15118 =item Breaking gettext
15120 =item Replacing gettext
15122 =item Buzzwords: Abstraction and Encapsulation
15124 =item Buzzword: Isomorphism
15126 =item Buzzword: Inheritance
15128 =item Buzzword: Concision
15130 =item The Devil in the Details
15132 =item The Proof in the Pudding: Localizing Web Sites
15140 =head2 Locale::Script - ISO codes for script identification (ISO 15924)
15148 B<alpha-2>, B<alpha-3>, B<numeric>
15152 =item SPECIAL CODES
15156 =item CONVERSION ROUTINES
15158 code2script( CODE, [ CODESET ] ), script2code( STRING, [ CODESET ] ),
15159 script_code2code( CODE, CODESET, CODESET )
15161 =item QUERY ROUTINES
15163 C<all_script_codes ( [ CODESET ] )>, C<all_script_names ( [ CODESET ] )>
15167 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
15171 Locale::Language, Locale::Currency, Locale::Country, ISO 15924,
15172 http://www.evertype.com/standards/iso15924/
15180 =head2 MIME::Base64 - Encoding and decoding of base64 strings
15188 encode_base64($str, [$eol]), decode_base64($str)
15192 Premature end of base64 data, Premature padding of base64 data
15200 =head2 MIME::Base64::QuotedPrint, MIME::QuotedPrint - Encoding and decoding
15201 of quoted-printable strings
15209 encode_qp($str), decode_qp($str);
15215 =head2 MIME::QuotedPrint - Encoding and decoding of quoted-printable
15224 encode_qp($str), decode_qp($str);
15230 =head2 Math::BigFloat - Arbitrary size floating point math package
15240 =item Canonical notation
15244 =item C<mantissa()>, C<exponent()> and C<parts()>
15246 =item Accuracy vs. Precision
15250 ffround ( +$scale ), ffround ( -$scale ), ffround ( 0 ), fround ( +$scale
15251 ), fround ( -$scale ) and fround ( 0 )
15259 =item Autocreating constants
15265 =item Using Math::BigInt::Lite
15273 stringify, bstr(), bdiv, Modifying and =, bpow
15281 =head2 Math::BigInt - Arbitrary size integer math package
15289 Canonical notation, Input, Output
15311 =item is_one()/is_zero()/is_nan()/is_inf()
15313 =item is_positive()/is_negative()
15315 $x->is_positive(); # true if >= 0
15316 $x->is_negative(); # true if < 0
15318 =item is_odd()/is_even()/is_int()
15404 =item ACCURACY and PRECISION
15414 =item Rounding mode R
15416 'trunc', 'even', 'odd', '+inf', '-inf', 'zero', Precision, Accuracy
15417 (significant digits), Setting/Accessing, Creating numbers, Usage,
15418 Precedence, Overriding globals, Local settings, Rounding, Default values,
15431 =item mantissa(), exponent() and parts()
15439 =item Autocreating constants
15445 =item Alternative math libraries
15451 =item Subclassing Math::BigInt
15459 bsqrt(), div(), blog()
15465 Out of Memory!, Fails to load Calc on Perl prior 5.6.0
15469 stringify, bstr(), bsstr() and 'cmp', int(), length, bdiv, infinity
15470 handling, Modifying and =, bpow, Overloading -$x, Mixing different object
15471 types, bsqrt(), brsft()
15481 =head2 Math::BigInt::Calc - Pure Perl module to support Math::BigInt
15491 =item WRAP YOUR OWN
15495 This program is free software; you may redistribute it and/or modify it
15497 the same terms as Perl itself.
15505 =head2 Math::BigRat - arbitrarily big rationals
15527 =item denominator()
15529 $d = $x->denominator();
15539 =item bround()/round()/bfround()
15553 =head2 Math::Complex - complex numbers and associated mathematical
15566 =item STRINGIFICATION
15570 =item CHANGED IN PERL 5.6
15576 =item ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO OR LOGARITHM OF ZERO
15578 =item ERRORS DUE TO INDIGESTIBLE ARGUMENTS
15586 =head2 Math::Trig - trigonometric functions
15594 =item TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS
15600 =item ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO
15602 =item SIMPLE (REAL) ARGUMENTS, COMPLEX RESULTS
15606 =item PLANE ANGLE CONVERSIONS
15608 =item RADIAL COORDINATE CONVERSIONS
15612 =item COORDINATE SYSTEMS
15614 =item 3-D ANGLE CONVERSIONS
15616 cartesian_to_cylindrical, cartesian_to_spherical, cylindrical_to_cartesian,
15617 cylindrical_to_spherical, spherical_to_cartesian, spherical_to_cylindrical
15621 =item GREAT CIRCLE DISTANCES AND DIRECTIONS
15627 =item CAVEAT FOR GREAT CIRCLE FORMULAS
15637 =head2 Memoize - Make functions faster by trading space for time
15655 =item C<SCALAR_CACHE>, C<LIST_CACHE>
15657 C<MEMORY>, C<HASH>, C<TIE>, C<FAULT>, C<MERGE>
15661 =item OTHER FACILITIES
15667 =item C<flush_cache>
15673 =item PERSISTENT CACHE SUPPORT
15675 =item EXPIRATION SUPPORT
15683 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
15689 =head2 Memoize::AnyDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for AnyDBM_File for
15698 =head2 Memoize::Expire - Plug-in module for automatic expiration of
15709 TIEHASH, EXISTS, STORE
15721 =head2 Memoize::ExpireFile - test for Memoize expiration semantics
15729 =head2 Memoize::ExpireTest - test for Memoize expiration semantics
15737 =head2 Memoize::NDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for NDBM_File for
15746 =head2 Memoize::SDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for SDBM_File for
15755 =head2 Memoize::Storable - store Memoized data in Storable database
15763 =head2 NDBM_File - Tied access to ndbm files
15771 C<O_RDONLY>, C<O_WRONLY>, C<O_RDWR>
15777 =item C<ndbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...>
15781 =item BUGS AND WARNINGS
15785 =head2 NEXT - Provide a pseudo-class NEXT that allows method redispatch
15795 =item Enforcing redispatch
15797 =item Avoiding repetitions
15803 =item BUGS AND IRRITATIONS
15809 =head2 Net::Cmd - Network Command class (as used by FTP, SMTP etc)
15819 debug ( VALUE ), message (), code (), ok (), status (), datasend ( DATA ),
15822 =item CLASS METHODS
15824 debug_print ( DIR, TEXT ), debug_text ( TEXT ), command ( CMD [, ARGS, ...
15825 ]), unsupported (), response (), parse_response ( TEXT ), getline (),
15826 ungetline ( TEXT ), read_until_dot (), tied_fh ()
15836 =head2 Net::Config - Local configuration data for libnet
15846 requires_firewall HOST
15848 =item NetConfig VALUES
15850 nntp_hosts, snpp_hosts, pop3_hosts, smtp_hosts, ph_hosts, daytime_hosts,
15851 time_hosts, inet_domain, ftp_firewall, ftp_firewall_type, ftp_ext_passive,
15852 ftp_int_pasive, local_netmask, test_hosts, test_exists
15856 =head2 Net::Domain - Attempt to evaluate the current host's internet name
15865 hostfqdn (), hostname (), hostdomain ()
15873 =head2 Net::FTP - FTP Client class
15885 new (HOST [,OPTIONS])
15889 login ([LOGIN [,PASSWORD [, ACCOUNT] ] ]), authorize ( [AUTH [, RESP]]),
15890 site (ARGS), type (TYPE [, ARGS]), ascii ([ARGS]) binary([ARGS])
15891 ebcdic([ARGS]) byte([ARGS]), rename ( OLDNAME, NEWNAME ), delete ( FILENAME
15892 ), cwd ( [ DIR ] ), cdup (), pwd (), restart ( WHERE ), rmdir ( DIR ),
15893 mkdir ( DIR [, RECURSE ]), ls ( [ DIR ] ), dir ( [ DIR ] ), get (
15894 REMOTE_FILE [, LOCAL_FILE [, WHERE]] ), put ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ]
15895 ), put_unique ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] ), append ( LOCAL_FILE [,
15896 REMOTE_FILE ] ), unique_name (), mdtm ( FILE ), size ( FILE ), supported (
15897 CMD ), hash ( [FILEHANDLE_GLOB_REF],[ BYTES_PER_HASH_MARK] ), nlst ( [ DIR
15898 ] ), list ( [ DIR ] ), retr ( FILE ), stor ( FILE ), stou ( FILE ), appe (
15899 FILE ), port ( [ PORT ] ), pasv (), pasv_xfer ( SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER [,
15900 DEST_FILE ] ), pasv_xfer_unique ( SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER [, DEST_FILE ] ),
15901 pasv_wait ( NON_PASV_SERVER ), abort (), quit ()
15905 =item Methods for the adventurous
15911 =item THE dataconn CLASS
15913 read ( BUFFER, SIZE [, TIMEOUT ] ), write ( BUFFER, SIZE [, TIMEOUT ] ),
15914 bytes_read (), abort (), close ()
15916 =item UNIMPLEMENTED
15918 B<ALLO>, B<SMNT>, B<HELP>, B<MODE>, B<SYST>, B<STAT>, B<STRU>, B<REIN>
15920 =item REPORTING BUGS
15928 http://www.csh.rit.edu/~adam/Progs/autoftp-2.0.tar.gz
15936 =head2 Net::NNTP - NNTP Client class
15946 new ( [ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ])
15950 article ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), body ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), head (
15951 [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), articlefh ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), bodyfh ( [
15952 MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), headfh ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), nntpstat ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ]
15953 ), group ( [ GROUP ] ), ihave ( MSGID [, MESSAGE ]), last (), date (),
15954 postok (), authinfo ( USER, PASS ), list (), newgroups ( SINCE [,
15955 DISTRIBUTIONS ]), newnews ( SINCE [, GROUPS [, DISTRIBUTIONS ]]), next (),
15956 post ( [ MESSAGE ] ), postfh (), slave (), quit ()
15960 =item Extension methods
15962 newsgroups ( [ PATTERN ] ), distributions (), subscriptions (),
15963 overview_fmt (), active_times (), active ( [ PATTERN ] ), xgtitle ( PATTERN
15964 ), xhdr ( HEADER, MESSAGE-SPEC ), xover ( MESSAGE-SPEC ), xpath (
15965 MESSAGE-ID ), xpat ( HEADER, PATTERN, MESSAGE-SPEC), xrover, listgroup ( [
15974 MESSAGE-SPEC, PATTERN, Examples, C<[^]-]>, C<*bdc>, C<[0-9a-zA-Z]>, C<a??d>
15984 =head2 Net::POP3 - Post Office Protocol 3 Client class (RFC1939)
15996 new ( [ HOST, ] [ OPTIONS ] )
16000 user ( USER ), pass ( PASS ), login ( [ USER [, PASS ]] ), apop ( [ USER [,
16001 PASS ]] ), top ( MSGNUM [, NUMLINES ] ), list ( [ MSGNUM ] ), get ( MSGNUM
16002 [, FH ] ), getfh ( MSGNUM ), last (), popstat (), ping ( USER ), uidl ( [
16003 MSGNUM ] ), delete ( MSGNUM ), reset (), quit ()
16015 =head2 Net::Ping - check a remote host for reachability
16027 Net::Ping->new([$proto [, $def_timeout [, $bytes]]]);, $p->source_verify( {
16028 0 | 1 } );, $p->hires( { 0 | 1 } );, $p->bind($local_addr);, $p->ping($host
16029 [, $timeout]);, $p->open($host);, $p->close();, pingecho($host [,
16044 =head2 Net::SMTP - Simple Mail Transfer Protocol Client
16056 new Net::SMTP [ HOST, ] [ OPTIONS ]
16060 banner (), domain (), hello ( DOMAIN ), etrn ( DOMAIN ), auth ( USERNAME,
16061 PASSWORD ), mail ( ADDRESS [, OPTIONS] ), send ( ADDRESS ), send_or_mail (
16062 ADDRESS ), send_and_mail ( ADDRESS ), reset (), recipient ( ADDRESS [,
16063 ADDRESS [ ...]] [, OPTIONS ] ), to ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), cc (
16064 ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), bcc ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), data ( [
16065 DATA ] ), expand ( ADDRESS ), verify ( ADDRESS ), help ( [ $subject ] ),
16078 =head2 Net::Time - time and daytime network client interface
16086 inet_time ( [HOST [, PROTOCOL [, TIMEOUT]]]), inet_daytime ( [HOST [,
16087 PROTOCOL [, TIMEOUT]]])
16095 =head2 Net::hostent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gethost*()
16112 =head2 Net::libnetFAQ, libnetFAQ - libnet Frequently Asked Questions
16120 =item Where to get this document
16122 =item How to contribute to this document
16126 =item Author and Copyright Information
16134 =item Obtaining and installing libnet
16138 =item What is libnet ?
16140 =item Which version of perl do I need ?
16142 =item What other modules do I need ?
16144 =item What machines support libnet ?
16146 =item Where can I get the latest libnet release
16150 =item Using Net::FTP
16154 =item How do I download files from an FTP server ?
16156 =item How do I transfer files in binary mode ?
16158 =item How can I get the size of a file on a remote FTP server ?
16160 =item How can I get the modification time of a file on a remote FTP server
16163 =item How can I change the permissions of a file on a remote server ?
16165 =item Can I do a reget operation like the ftp command ?
16167 =item How do I get a directory listing from an FTP server ?
16169 =item Changing directory to "" does not fail ?
16171 =item I am behind a SOCKS firewall, but the Firewall option does not work ?
16173 =item I am behind an FTP proxy firewall, but cannot access machines outside
16176 =item My ftp proxy firewall does not listen on port 21
16178 =item Is it possible to change the file permissions of a file on an FTP
16181 =item I have seen scripts call a method message, but cannot find it
16184 =item Why does Net::FTP not implement mput and mget methods
16188 =item Using Net::SMTP
16192 =item Why can't the part of an Email address after the @ be used as the
16195 =item Why does Net::SMTP not do DNS MX lookups ?
16197 =item The verify method always returns true ?
16201 =item Debugging scripts
16205 =item How can I debug my scripts that use Net::* modules ?
16209 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
16213 =head2 Net::netent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getnet*()
16230 =head2 Net::protoent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getproto*()
16245 =head2 Net::servent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getserv*()
16262 =head2 Netrc, Net::Netrc - OO interface to users netrc file
16270 =item THE .netrc FILE
16272 machine name, default, login name, password string, account string, macdef
16277 lookup ( MACHINE [, LOGIN ])
16281 login (), password (), account (), lpa ()
16291 =head2 O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends
16301 =item IMPLEMENTATION
16309 =head2 ODBM_File - Tied access to odbm files
16317 C<O_RDONLY>, C<O_WRONLY>, C<O_RDWR>
16323 =item C<odbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...>
16327 =item BUGS AND WARNINGS
16331 =head2 Opcode - Disable named opcodes when compiling perl code
16343 =item Operator Names and Operator Lists
16345 an operator name (opname), an operator tag name (optag), a negated opname
16346 or optag, an operator set (opset)
16348 =item Opcode Functions
16350 opcodes, opset (OP, ...), opset_to_ops (OPSET), opset_to_hex (OPSET),
16351 full_opset, empty_opset, invert_opset (OPSET), verify_opset (OPSET, ...),
16352 define_optag (OPTAG, OPSET), opmask_add (OPSET), opmask, opdesc (OP, ...),
16355 =item Manipulating Opsets
16357 =item TO DO (maybe)
16363 =item Predefined Opcode Tags
16365 :base_core, :base_mem, :base_loop, :base_io, :base_orig, :base_math,
16366 :base_thread, :default, :filesys_read, :sys_db, :browse, :filesys_open,
16367 :filesys_write, :subprocess, :ownprocess, :others, :still_to_be_decided,
16376 =head2 Opcode::Safe, Safe - Compile and execute code in restricted
16385 a new namespace, an operator mask
16391 =item RECENT CHANGES
16393 =item Methods in class Safe
16395 permit (OP, ...), permit_only (OP, ...), deny (OP, ...), deny_only (OP,
16396 ...), trap (OP, ...), untrap (OP, ...), share (NAME, ...), share_from
16397 (PACKAGE, ARRAYREF), varglob (VARNAME), reval (STRING), rdo (FILENAME),
16398 root (NAMESPACE), mask (MASK)
16400 =item Some Safety Issues
16402 Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes
16410 =head2 Opcode::ops, ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when
16423 =head2 POSIX - Perl interface to IEEE Std 1003.1
16437 _exit, abort, abs, access, acos, alarm, asctime, asin, assert, atan, atan2,
16438 atexit, atof, atoi, atol, bsearch, calloc, ceil, chdir, chmod, chown,
16439 clearerr, clock, close, closedir, cos, cosh, creat, ctermid, ctime,
16440 cuserid, difftime, div, dup, dup2, errno, execl, execle, execlp, execv,
16441 execve, execvp, exit, exp, fabs, fclose, fcntl, fdopen, feof, ferror,
16442 fflush, fgetc, fgetpos, fgets, fileno, floor, fmod, fopen, fork, fpathconf,
16443 fprintf, fputc, fputs, fread, free, freopen, frexp, fscanf, fseek, fsetpos,
16444 fstat, ftell, fwrite, getc, getchar, getcwd, getegid, getenv, geteuid,
16445 getgid, getgrgid, getgrnam, getgroups, getlogin, getpgrp, getpid, getppid,
16446 getpwnam, getpwuid, gets, getuid, gmtime, isalnum, isalpha, isatty,
16447 iscntrl, isdigit, isgraph, islower, isprint, ispunct, isspace, isupper,
16448 isxdigit, kill, labs, ldexp, ldiv, link, localeconv, localtime, log, log10,
16449 longjmp, lseek, malloc, mblen, mbstowcs, mbtowc, memchr, memcmp, memcpy,
16450 memmove, memset, mkdir, mkfifo, mktime, modf, nice, offsetof, open,
16451 opendir, pathconf, pause, perror, pipe, pow, printf, putc, putchar, puts,
16452 qsort, raise, rand, read, readdir, realloc, remove, rename, rewind,
16453 rewinddir, rmdir, scanf, setgid, setjmp, setlocale, setpgid, setsid,
16454 setuid, sigaction, siglongjmp, sigpending, sigprocmask, sigsetjmp,
16455 sigsuspend, sin, sinh, sleep, sprintf, sqrt, srand, sscanf, stat, strcat,
16456 strchr, strcmp, strcoll, strcpy, strcspn, strerror, strftime, strlen,
16457 strncat, strncmp, strncpy, strpbrk, strrchr, strspn, strstr, strtod,
16458 strtok, strtol, strtoul, strxfrm, sysconf, system, tan, tanh, tcdrain,
16459 tcflow, tcflush, tcgetpgrp, tcsendbreak, tcsetpgrp, time, times, tmpfile,
16460 tmpnam, tolower, toupper, ttyname, tzname, tzset, umask, uname, ungetc,
16461 unlink, utime, vfprintf, vprintf, vsprintf, wait, waitpid, wcstombs,
16468 =item POSIX::SigAction
16472 =item POSIX::SigSet
16474 new, addset, delset, emptyset, fillset, ismember
16476 =item POSIX::Termios
16478 new, getattr, getcc, getcflag, getiflag, getispeed, getlflag, getoflag,
16479 getospeed, setattr, setcc, setcflag, setiflag, setispeed, setlflag,
16480 setoflag, setospeed, Baud rate values, Terminal interface values, c_cc
16481 field values, c_cflag field values, c_iflag field values, c_lflag field
16482 values, c_oflag field values
16486 =item PATHNAME CONSTANTS
16490 =item POSIX CONSTANTS
16494 =item SYSTEM CONFIGURATION
16548 Constants, WNOHANG, WUNTRACED, Macros, WIFEXITED, WEXITSTATUS, WIFSIGNALED,
16549 WTERMSIG, WIFSTOPPED, WSTOPSIG
16553 =head2 PerlIO - On demand loader for PerlIO layers and root of PerlIO::*
16562 unix, stdio, perlio, crlf, utf8, bytes, raw
16566 =item Defaults and how to override them
16576 =head2 PerlIO::Scalar - support module for in-memory IO.
16586 =head2 PerlIO::Via - Helper class for PerlIO layers implemented in perl
16594 $class->PUSHED([$mode[,$fh]]), $obj->POPPED([$fh]),
16595 $class->OPEN($path,$mode[,$fh]), $class->FDOPEN($fd),
16596 $class->SYSOPEN($path,$imode,$perm,$fh), $obj->FILENO($fh),
16597 $obj->READ($buffer,$len,$fh), $obj->WRITE($buffer,$fh), $obj->FILL($fh),
16598 $obj->CLOSE($fh), $obj->SEEK($posn,$whence,$fh), $obj->TELL($fh),
16599 $obj->UNREAD($buffer,$fh), $obj->FLUSH($fh), $obj->SETLINEBUF($fh),
16600 $obj->CLEARERR($fh), $obj->ERROR($fh), $obj->EOF($fh)
16604 =item Example - a Hexadecimal Handle
16610 =head2 PerlIO::encoding - encoding layer
16622 =head2 Pod::Checker, podchecker() - check pod documents for syntax errors
16628 =item OPTIONS/ARGUMENTS
16634 B<-warnings> =E<gt> I<val>
16646 empty =headn, =over on line I<N> without closing =back, =item without
16647 previous =over, =back without previous =over, No argument for =begin, =end
16648 without =begin, Nested =begin's, =for without formatter specification,
16649 unresolved internal link I<NAME>, Unknown command "I<CMD>", Unknown
16650 interior-sequence "I<SEQ>", nested commands
16651 I<CMD>E<lt>...I<CMD>E<lt>...E<gt>...E<gt>, garbled entity I<STRING>, Entity
16652 number out of range, malformed link LE<lt>E<gt>, nonempty ZE<lt>E<gt>,
16653 empty XE<lt>E<gt>, Spurious text after =pod / =cut, Spurious character(s)
16658 multiple occurrence of link target I<name>, line containing nothing but
16659 whitespace in paragraph, file does not start with =head, previous =item has
16660 no contents, preceding non-item paragraph(s), =item type mismatch (I<one>
16661 vs. I<two>), I<N> unescaped C<E<lt>E<gt>> in paragraph, Unknown entity, No
16662 items in =over, No argument for =item, empty section in previous paragraph,
16663 Verbatim paragraph in NAME section
16667 ignoring leading/trailing whitespace in link, (section) in '$page'
16668 deprecated, alternative text/node '%s' contains non-escaped | or /
16680 C<Pod::Checker-E<gt>new( %options )>
16682 C<$checker-E<gt>poderror( @args )>, C<$checker-E<gt>poderror( {%opts},
16685 C<$checker-E<gt>num_errors()>
16687 C<$checker-E<gt>name()>
16689 C<$checker-E<gt>node()>
16691 C<$checker-E<gt>idx()>
16693 C<$checker-E<gt>hyperlink()>
16701 =head2 Pod::Find - find POD documents in directory trees
16713 =item C<pod_find( { %opts } , @directories )>
16715 C<-verbose =E<gt> 1>, C<-perl =E<gt> 1>, C<-script =E<gt> 1>, C<-inc =E<gt>
16722 =item C<simplify_name( $str )>
16728 =item C<pod_where( { %opts }, $pod )>
16730 C<-inc =E<gt> 1>, C<-dirs =E<gt> [ $dir1, $dir2, ... ]>, C<-verbose =E<gt>
16737 =item C<contains_pod( $file , $verbose )>
16749 =head2 Pod::Html - module to convert pod files to HTML
16759 backlink, cachedir, css, flush, header, help, htmldir, htmlroot, index,
16760 infile, libpods, netscape, outfile, podpath, podroot, quiet, recurse,
16775 =head2 Pod::InputObjects - objects representing POD input paragraphs,
16788 package B<Pod::InputSource>, package B<Pod::Paragraph>, package
16789 B<Pod::InteriorSequence>, package B<Pod::ParseTree>
16795 =item B<Pod::InputSource>
16819 =item B<was_cutting()>
16825 =item B<Pod::Paragraph>
16831 =item Pod::Paragraph-E<gt>B<new()>
16837 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<cmd_name()>
16843 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<text()>
16849 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<raw_text()>
16855 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<cmd_prefix()>
16861 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<cmd_separator()>
16867 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<parse_tree()>
16873 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<file_line()>
16879 =item B<Pod::InteriorSequence>
16885 =item Pod::InteriorSequence-E<gt>B<new()>
16891 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<cmd_name()>
16897 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<prepend()>
16903 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<append()>
16909 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<nested()>
16915 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<raw_text()>
16921 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<left_delimiter()>
16927 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<right_delimiter()>
16933 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<parse_tree()>
16939 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<file_line()>
16945 =item Pod::InteriorSequence::B<DESTROY()>
16951 =item B<Pod::ParseTree>
16957 =item Pod::ParseTree-E<gt>B<new()>
16963 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<top()>
16969 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<children()>
16975 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<prepend()>
16981 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<append()>
16987 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<raw_text()>
16993 =item Pod::ParseTree::B<DESTROY()>
17005 =head2 Pod::LaTeX - Convert Pod data to formatted Latex
17017 =item OBJECT METHODS
17025 =item Data Accessors
17041 B<ReplaceNAMEwithSection>
17043 B<StartWithNewPage>
17057 =item Subclassed methods
17071 B<interior_sequence>
17087 =item Methods for headings
17095 =item Internal methods
17101 B<_replace_special_chars>
17103 B<_replace_special_chars_late>
17109 B<_clean_latex_commands>
17111 B<_split_delimited>
17127 =head2 Pod::Man - Convert POD data to formatted *roff input
17135 center, date, fixed, fixedbold, fixeditalic, fixedbolditalic, name, quotes,
17140 roff font should be 1 or 2 chars, not "%s", Invalid link %s, Invalid quote
17141 specification "%s", %s:%d: Unknown command paragraph "%s", %s:%d: Unknown
17142 escape EE<lt>%sE<gt>, %s:%d: Unknown formatting code %s, %s:%d: Unmatched
17153 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
17157 =head2 Pod::ParseLink -- Parse an LE<lt>E<gt> formatting code in POD text
17167 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
17171 =head2 Pod::ParseUtils - helpers for POD parsing and conversion
17185 Pod::List-E<gt>new()
17193 $list-E<gt>indent()
17201 $list-E<gt>parent()
17207 =item Pod::Hyperlink
17209 Pod::Hyperlink-E<gt>new()
17213 $link-E<gt>parse($string)
17215 $link-E<gt>markup($string)
17219 $link-E<gt>warning()
17221 $link-E<gt>file(), $link-E<gt>line()
17227 $link-E<gt>alttext()
17237 Pod::Cache-E<gt>new()
17243 $cache-E<gt>find_page($name)
17247 =item Pod::Cache::Item
17249 Pod::Cache::Item-E<gt>new()
17253 $cacheitem-E<gt>page()
17255 $cacheitem-E<gt>description()
17257 $cacheitem-E<gt>path()
17259 $cacheitem-E<gt>file()
17261 $cacheitem-E<gt>nodes()
17263 $cacheitem-E<gt>find_node($name)
17265 $cacheitem-E<gt>idx()
17275 =head2 Pod::Parser - base class for creating POD filters and translators
17287 =item QUICK OVERVIEW
17289 =item PARSING OPTIONS
17291 B<-want_nonPODs> (default: unset), B<-process_cut_cmd> (default: unset),
17292 B<-warnings> (default: unset)
17298 =item RECOMMENDED SUBROUTINE/METHOD OVERRIDES
17306 C<$cmd>, C<$text>, C<$line_num>, C<$pod_para>
17312 =item B<verbatim()>
17314 C<$text>, C<$line_num>, C<$pod_para>
17320 =item B<textblock()>
17322 C<$text>, C<$line_num>, C<$pod_para>
17328 =item B<interior_sequence()>
17334 =item OPTIONAL SUBROUTINE/METHOD OVERRIDES
17346 =item B<initialize()>
17352 =item B<begin_pod()>
17358 =item B<begin_input()>
17364 =item B<end_input()>
17376 =item B<preprocess_line()>
17382 =item B<preprocess_paragraph()>
17388 =item METHODS FOR PARSING AND PROCESSING
17394 =item B<parse_text()>
17396 B<-expand_seq> =E<gt> I<code-ref>|I<method-name>, B<-expand_text> =E<gt>
17397 I<code-ref>|I<method-name>, B<-expand_ptree> =E<gt>
17398 I<code-ref>|I<method-name>
17404 =item B<interpolate()>
17410 =item B<parse_paragraph()>
17416 =item B<parse_from_filehandle()>
17422 =item B<parse_from_file()>
17428 =item ACCESSOR METHODS
17434 =item B<errorsub()>
17446 =item B<parseopts()>
17452 =item B<output_file()>
17458 =item B<output_handle()>
17464 =item B<input_file()>
17470 =item B<input_handle()>
17476 =item B<input_streams()>
17482 =item B<top_stream()>
17488 =item PRIVATE METHODS AND DATA
17494 =item B<_push_input_stream()>
17500 =item B<_pop_input_stream()>
17506 =item TREE-BASED PARSING
17514 =head2 Pod::Plainer - Perl extension for converting Pod to old style Pod.
17534 =head2 Pod::Select, podselect() - extract selected sections of POD from
17547 =item SECTION SPECIFICATIONS
17549 =item RANGE SPECIFICATIONS
17555 =item OBJECT METHODS
17561 =item B<curr_headings()>
17573 =item B<add_selection()>
17579 =item B<clear_selections()>
17585 =item B<match_section()>
17591 =item B<is_selected()>
17597 =item EXPORTED FUNCTIONS
17603 =item B<podselect()>
17605 B<-output>, B<-sections>, B<-ranges>
17611 =item PRIVATE METHODS AND DATA
17617 =item B<_compile_section_spec()>
17623 =item $self->{_SECTION_HEADINGS}
17629 =item $self->{_SELECTED_SECTIONS}
17641 =head2 Pod::Text - Convert POD data to formatted ASCII text
17649 alt, code, indent, loose, quotes, sentence, width
17653 Bizarre space in item, Item called without tag, Can't open %s for reading:
17654 %s, Invalid quote specification "%s", %s:%d: Unknown command paragraph: %s,
17655 %s:%d: Unknown escape: %s, %s:%d: Unknown formatting code: %s, %s:%d:
17666 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
17670 =head2 Pod::Text::Color - Convert POD data to formatted color ASCII text
17684 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
17688 =head2 Pod::Text::Overstrike - Convert POD data to formatted overstrike
17703 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
17707 =head2 Pod::Text::Termcap, Pod::Text::Color - Convert POD data to ASCII
17708 text with format escapes
17722 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
17726 =head2 Pod::Usage, pod2usage() - print a usage message from embedded pod
17735 C<-message>, C<-msg>, C<-exitval>, C<-verbose>, C<-output>, C<-input>,
17744 =item Recommended Use
17752 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
17756 =head2 Pod::t::basic, basic.pod - Test of various basic POD features in
17763 =item This C<is> a "level 1" heading
17767 =item ``Level'' "2 I<heading>
17771 =item This C<is> a "level 1" heading
17775 =item ``Level'' 2 I<heading>
17781 =item OVER AND ITEMS
17783 This is a test, a, b, a, b, c, d, "foo", B<bar>, C<baz>, Some longer item
17786 =item FORMATTING CODES
17788 E<amp>, E<apos>, E<lt>, E<gt>, E<quot>, E<sol>
17796 =head2 Pod::t::htmlescp, Escape Sequences Test
17804 =head2 Pod::t::htmlview, Test HTML Rendering
17812 =item METHODS =E<gt> OTHER STUFF
17818 foo, bar, baz, C<Black> Cat, Sat S<I<on> the>, MatE<lt>!E<gt>, 1 Cat, 2
17825 =item TESTING FOR AND BEGIN
17827 =item TESTING URLs hyperlinking
17833 =head2 SDBM_File - Tied access to sdbm files
17841 C<O_RDONLY>, C<O_WRONLY>, C<O_RDWR>
17847 =item C<sdbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...>
17851 =item BUGS AND WARNINGS
17855 =head2 Safe - Compile and execute code in restricted compartments
17863 a new namespace, an operator mask
17869 =item RECENT CHANGES
17871 =item Methods in class Safe
17873 permit (OP, ...), permit_only (OP, ...), deny (OP, ...), deny_only (OP,
17874 ...), trap (OP, ...), untrap (OP, ...), share (NAME, ...), share_from
17875 (PACKAGE, ARRAYREF), varglob (VARNAME), reval (STRING), rdo (FILENAME),
17876 root (NAMESPACE), mask (MASK)
17878 =item Some Safety Issues
17880 Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes
17888 =head2 Scalar::Util - A selection of general-utility scalar subroutines
17896 blessed EXPR, dualvar NUM, STRING, isweak EXPR, openhandle FH, reftype
17897 EXPR, tainted EXPR, weaken REF
17907 =head2 Search::Dict, look - search for key in dictionary file
17917 =head2 SelectSaver - save and restore selected file handle
17927 =head2 SelfLoader - load functions only on demand
17937 =item The __DATA__ token
17939 =item SelfLoader autoloading
17941 =item Autoloading and package lexicals
17943 =item SelfLoader and AutoLoader
17945 =item __DATA__, __END__, and the FOOBAR::DATA filehandle.
17947 =item Classes and inherited methods.
17951 =item Multiple packages and fully qualified subroutine names
17955 =head2 Shell - run shell commands transparently within perl
17965 =item OBJECT ORIENTED SYNTAX
17973 =head2 Socket, sockaddr_in, sockaddr_un, inet_aton, inet_ntoa - load the C
17974 socket.h defines and structure manipulators
17982 inet_aton HOSTNAME, inet_ntoa IP_ADDRESS, INADDR_ANY, INADDR_BROADCAST,
17983 INADDR_LOOPBACK, INADDR_NONE, sockaddr_family SOCKADDR, sockaddr_in PORT,
17984 ADDRESS, sockaddr_in SOCKADDR_IN, pack_sockaddr_in PORT, IP_ADDRESS,
17985 unpack_sockaddr_in SOCKADDR_IN, sockaddr_un PATHNAME, sockaddr_un
17986 SOCKADDR_UN, pack_sockaddr_un PATH, unpack_sockaddr_un SOCKADDR_UN
17990 =head2 Storable - persistence for Perl data structures
18000 =item ADVISORY LOCKING
18004 =item CANONICAL REPRESENTATION
18006 =item FORWARD COMPATIBILITY
18008 utf8 data, restricted hashes, files from future versions of Storable
18010 =item ERROR REPORTING
18018 C<STORABLE_freeze> I<obj>, I<cloning>, C<STORABLE_thaw> I<obj>, I<cloning>,
18023 C<Storable::last_op_in_netorder>, C<Storable::is_storing>,
18024 C<Storable::is_retrieving>
18032 =item Storable magic
18042 =item 64 bit data in perl 5.6.0 and 5.6.1
18054 =head2 Switch - A switch statement for Perl
18068 =item Allowing fall-through
18070 =item Automating fall-through
18072 =item Alternative syntax
18074 =item Higher-order Operations
18090 =head2 Symbol - manipulate Perl symbols and their names
18100 =head2 Sys::Hostname - Try every conceivable way to get hostname
18112 =head2 Syslog, Sys::Syslog, openlog, closelog, setlogmask, syslog - Perl
18113 interface to the UNIX syslog(3) calls
18121 openlog $ident, $logopt, $facility, syslog $priority, $format, @args,
18122 setlogmask $mask_priority, setlogsock $sock_type [$stream_location] (added
18123 in 5.004_02), closelog
18133 =head2 Syslog::Syslog, Sys::Syslog, openlog, closelog, setlogmask, syslog -
18134 Perl interface to the UNIX syslog(3) calls
18142 openlog $ident, $logopt, $facility, syslog $priority, $format, @args,
18143 setlogmask $mask_priority, setlogsock $sock_type [$stream_location] (added
18144 in 5.004_02), closelog
18154 =head2 Term::ANSIColor - Color screen output using ANSI escape sequences
18164 Bad escape sequence %s, Bareword "%s" not allowed while "strict subs" in
18165 use, Invalid attribute name %s, Name "%s" used only once: possible typo, No
18166 comma allowed after filehandle, No name for escape sequence %s
18170 ANSI_COLORS_DISABLED
18184 =head2 Term::Cap - Perl termcap interface
18200 B<Tgetent>, OSPEED, TERM
18202 B<Tpad>, B<$string>, B<$cnt>, B<$FH>
18204 B<Tputs>, B<$cap>, B<$cnt>, B<$FH>
18206 B<Tgoto>, B<$cap>, B<$col>, B<$row>, B<$FH>
18214 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
18222 =head2 Term::Complete - Perl word completion module
18230 E<lt>tabE<gt>, ^D, ^U, E<lt>delE<gt>, E<lt>bsE<gt>
18240 =head2 Term::ReadLine - Perl interface to various C<readline> packages. If
18241 no real package is found, substitutes stubs instead of basic functions.
18249 =item Minimal set of supported functions
18251 C<ReadLine>, C<new>, C<readline>, C<addhistory>, C<IN>, $C<OUT>,
18252 C<MinLine>, C<findConsole>, Attribs, C<Features>
18254 =item Additional supported functions
18256 C<tkRunning>, C<ornaments>, C<newTTY>
18266 =head2 Test - provides a simple framework for writing test scripts
18292 NORMAL TESTS, SKIPPED TESTS, TODO TESTS
18296 =item BUGS and CAVEATS
18306 =head2 Test::Builder - Backend for building test libraries
18326 =item Setting up tests
18342 =item Running tests
18348 B<is_eq>, B<is_num>
18350 B<isnt_eq>, B<isnt_num>
18376 B<no_header>, B<no_ending>
18388 B<output>, B<failure_output>, B<todo_output>
18392 =item Test Status and Info
18400 B<details> I<UNIMPLEMENTED>, B<todo>
18422 =head2 Test::Harness - run perl standard test scripts with statistics
18432 =item The test script output
18434 B<'1..M'>, B<'ok', 'not ok'. Ok?>, B<test numbers>, B<test names>,
18435 B<Skipping tests>, B<Todo tests>, B<Bail out!>, B<Comments>, B<Anything
18440 =item Configuration variables.
18442 B<$Test::Harness::verbose>, B<$Test::Harness::switches>
18446 B<Failed Test>, B<Stat>, B<Wstat>, B<Total>, B<Fail>, B<Failed>, B<List of
18473 C<All tests successful.\nFiles=%d, Tests=%d, %s>, C<FAILED tests
18474 %s\n\tFailed %d/%d tests, %.2f%% okay.>, C<Test returned status %d (wstat
18475 %d)>, C<Failed 1 test, %.2f%% okay. %s>, C<Failed %d/%d tests, %.2f%% okay.
18476 %s>, C<FAILED--Further testing stopped: %s>
18480 C<HARNESS_ACTIVE>, C<HARNESS_COLUMNS>, C<HARNESS_COMPILE_TEST>,
18481 C<HARNESS_FILELEAK_IN_DIR>, C<HARNESS_IGNORE_EXITCODE>, C<HARNESS_NOTTY>,
18482 C<HARNESS_PERL_SWITCHES>, C<HARNESS_VERBOSE>
18496 =head2 Test::Harness::Assert - simple assert
18522 =head2 Test::Harness::Iterator - Internal Test::Harness Iterator
18532 =head2 Test::Harness::Straps - detailed analysis of test results
18570 B<_restore_PERL5LIB>
18586 B<_reset_file_state>
18606 =head2 Test::More - yet another framework for writing test scripts
18616 =item I love it when a plan comes together
18626 =item I'm ok, you're not ok.
18666 =item Conditional tests
18672 B<TODO: BLOCK>, B<todo_skip>
18676 =item Comparison functions
18690 =item Extending and Embedding Test::More
18700 =item BUGS and CAVEATS
18702 Making your own ok(), The eq_* family has some caveats, Test::Harness
18715 =head2 Test::Simple - Basic utilities for writing tests.
18739 L<Test::More>, L<Test>, L<Test::Unit>, L<Test::Inline>, L<SelfTest>,
18748 =head2 Test::Tutorial - A tutorial about writing really basic tests
18756 =item Nuts and bolts of testing.
18758 =item Where to start?
18762 =item Test the manual
18764 =item Sometimes the tests are wrong
18766 =item Testing lots of values
18768 =item Informative names
18770 =item Skipping tests
18774 =item Testing with taint mode.
18786 =head2 Text::Abbrev, abbrev - create an abbreviation table from a list
18798 =head2 Text::Balanced - Extract delimited text sequences from strings.
18808 =item General behaviour in list contexts
18812 =item General behaviour in scalar and void contexts
18814 =item A note about prefixes
18816 =item C<extract_delimited>
18818 =item C<extract_bracketed>
18820 =item C<extract_tagged>
18822 C<reject =E<gt> $listref>, C<ignore =E<gt> $listref>, C<fail =E<gt> $str>,
18823 [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5]
18825 =item C<gen_extract_tagged>
18827 =item C<extract_quotelike>
18829 [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [10]
18831 =item C<extract_quotelike> and "here documents"
18833 [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7..10]
18835 =item C<extract_codeblock>
18837 =item C<extract_multiple>
18839 =item C<gen_delimited_pat>
18845 C<Did not find a suitable bracket: "%s">, C<Did not find prefix: /%s/>,
18846 C<Did not find opening bracket after prefix: "%s">, C<No quotelike
18847 operator found after prefix: "%s">, C<Unmatched closing bracket: "%c">,
18848 C<Unmatched opening bracket(s): "%s">, C<Unmatched embedded quote (%s)>,
18849 C<Did not find closing delimiter to match '%s'>, C<Mismatched closing
18850 bracket: expected "%c" but found "%s">, C<No block delimiter found after
18851 quotelike "%s">, C<Did not find leading dereferencer>, C<Bad identifier
18852 after dereferencer>, C<Did not find expected opening bracket at %s>,
18853 C<Improperly nested codeblock at %s>, C<Missing second block for quotelike
18854 "%s">, C<No match found for opening bracket>, C<Did not find opening tag:
18855 /%s/>, C<Unable to construct closing tag to match: /%s/>, C<Found invalid
18856 nested tag: %s>, C<Found unbalanced nested tag: %s>, C<Did not find closing
18861 =item BUGS AND IRRITATIONS
18867 =head2 Text::ParseWords - parse text into an array of tokens or array of
18882 =head2 Text::Soundex - Implementation of the Soundex Algorithm as Described
18899 =head2 Text::Tabs -- expand and unexpand tabs per the unix expand(1) and
18914 =head2 Text::Wrap - line wrapping to form simple paragraphs
18930 =head2 Thread - manipulate threads in Perl (for old code only)
18942 $thread = Thread->new(\&start_sub), $thread = Thread->new(\&start_sub,
18943 LIST), lock VARIABLE, async BLOCK;, Thread->self, cond_wait VARIABLE,
18944 cond_signal VARIABLE, cond_broadcast VARIABLE, yield
18948 join, eval, detach, equal, tid, flags, done
18956 =head2 Thread::Queue - thread-safe queues (for old code only)
18966 =item FUNCTIONS AND METHODS
18968 new, enqueue LIST, dequeue, dequeue_nb, pending
18974 =head2 Thread::Semaphore - thread-safe semaphores (for old code only)
18984 =item FUNCTIONS AND METHODS
18986 new, new NUMBER, down, down NUMBER, up, up NUMBER
18990 =head2 Thread::Signal - Start a thread which runs signal handlers reliably
19002 =head2 Thread::Specific - thread-specific keys
19012 =head2 Tie::Array - base class for tied arrays
19020 TIEARRAY classname, LIST, STORE this, index, value, FETCH this, index,
19021 FETCHSIZE this, STORESIZE this, count, EXTEND this, count, EXISTS this,
19022 key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, DESTROY this, PUSH this, LIST, POP this,
19023 SHIFT this, UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST
19031 =head2 Tie::File - Access the lines of a disk file via a Perl array
19051 =item Option Format
19055 =item Public Methods
19063 =item C<defer>, C<flush>, C<discard>, and C<autodefer>
19067 =item Tying to an already-opened filehandle
19069 =item Deferred Writing
19073 =item Autodeferring
19081 =item WHAT ABOUT C<DB_File>?
19095 =head2 Tie::Handle, Tie::StdHandle - base class definitions for tied
19104 TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, WRITE this, scalar, length, offset, PRINT this,
19105 LIST, PRINTF this, format, LIST, READ this, scalar, length, offset,
19106 READLINE this, GETC this, CLOSE this, OPEN this, filename, BINMODE this,
19107 EOF this, TELL this, SEEK this, offset, whence, DESTROY this
19109 =item MORE INFORMATION
19111 =item COMPATIBILITY
19115 =head2 Tie::Hash, Tie::StdHash, Tie::ExtraHash - base class definitions for
19124 TIEHASH classname, LIST, STORE this, key, value, FETCH this, key, FIRSTKEY
19125 this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, EXISTS this, key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this
19127 =item Inheriting from B<Tie::StdHash>
19129 =item Inheriting from B<Tie::ExtraHash>
19131 =item C<UNTIE> and C<DESTROY>
19133 =item MORE INFORMATION
19137 =head2 Tie::Memoize - add data to hash when needed
19145 =item Inheriting from B<Tie::Memoize>
19155 =head2 Tie::RefHash - use references as hash keys
19173 =head2 Tie::Scalar, Tie::StdScalar - base class definitions for tied
19182 TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, DESTROY this
19184 =item MORE INFORMATION
19188 =head2 Tie::SubstrHash - Fixed-table-size, fixed-key-length hashing
19200 =head2 Time::HiRes - High resolution alarm, sleep, gettimeofday, interval
19209 gettimeofday (), usleep ( $useconds ), ualarm ( $useconds [,
19210 $interval_useconds ] ), tv_interval, time (), sleep ( $floating_seconds ),
19211 alarm ( $floating_seconds [, $interval_floating_seconds ] ), setitimer,
19212 getitimer ( $which )
19228 =head2 Time::Local - efficiently compute time from local and GMT time
19236 =item IMPLEMENTATION
19242 =head2 Time::gmtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gmtime()
19257 =head2 Time::localtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in localtime()
19272 =head2 Time::tm - internal object used by Time::gmtime and Time::localtime
19284 =head2 UNIVERSAL - base class for ALL classes (blessed references)
19292 $obj->isa( TYPE ), CLASS->isa( TYPE ), isa( VAL, TYPE ), $obj->can( METHOD
19293 ), CLASS->can( METHOD ), can( VAL, METHOD ), VERSION ( [ REQUIRE ] )
19297 =head2 Unicode::Collate - Unicode Collation Algorithm
19307 =item Constructor and Tailoring
19309 alternate, backwards, entry, ignoreName, ignoreChar, level, normalization,
19310 overrideCJK, overrideHangul, preprocess, rearrange, table, undefName,
19311 undefChar, katakana_before_hiragana, upper_before_lower
19313 =item Methods for Collation
19315 C<@sorted = $Collator-E<gt>sort(@not_sorted)>, C<$result =
19316 $Collator-E<gt>cmp($a, $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>eq($a, $b)>,
19317 C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>ne($a, $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>lt($a,
19318 $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>le($a, $b)>, C<$result =
19319 $Collator-E<gt>gt($a, $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>ge($a, $b)>,
19320 C<$sortKey = $Collator-E<gt>getSortKey($string)>, C<$sortKeyForm =
19321 $Collator-E<gt>viewSortKey($string)>, C<$position =
19322 $Collator-E<gt>index($string, $substring)>, C<($position, $length) =
19323 $Collator-E<gt>index($string, $substring)>
19325 =item Other Methods
19327 UCA_Version, Base_Unicode_Version
19343 http://www.unicode.org/unicode/reports/tr10/,
19344 http://www.unicode.org/unicode/reports/tr10/allkeys.txt,
19345 http://www.unicode.org/unicode/reports/tr15/,
19346 http://www.unicode.org/unicode/reports/tr18, L<Unicode::Normalize>
19350 =head2 Unicode::Normalize - Unicode Normalization Forms
19360 =item Normalization Forms
19362 C<$NFD_string = NFD($string)>, C<$NFC_string = NFC($string)>,
19363 C<$NFKD_string = NFKD($string)>, C<$NFKC_string = NFKC($string)>,
19364 C<$normalized_string = normalize($form_name, $string)>
19366 =item Decomposition and Composition
19368 C<$decomposed_string = decompose($string)>, C<$decomposed_string =
19369 decompose($string, $useCompatMapping)>, C<$reordered_string =
19370 reorder($string)>, C<$composed_string = compose($string)>
19374 C<$result = checkNFD($string)>, C<$result = checkNFC($string)>, C<$result =
19375 checkNFKD($string)>, C<$result = checkNFKC($string)>, C<$result =
19376 check($form_name, $string)>
19378 =item Character Data
19380 C<$canonical_decomposed = getCanon($codepoint)>,
19381 C<$compatibility_decomposed = getCompat($codepoint)>,
19382 C<$codepoint_composite = getComposite($codepoint_here, $codepoint_next)>,
19383 C<$combining_class = getCombinClass($codepoint)>, C<$is_exclusion =
19384 isExclusion($codepoint)>, C<$is_singleton = isSingleton($codepoint)>,
19385 C<$is_non_startar_decomposition = isNonStDecomp($codepoint)>,
19386 C<$may_be_composed_with_prev_char = isComp2nd($codepoint)>
19396 http://www.unicode.org/unicode/reports/tr15/,
19397 http://www.unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/DerivedNormalizationProps.txt
19401 =head2 Unicode::UCD - Unicode character database
19443 =item Blocks versus Scripts
19445 =item Matching Scripts and Blocks
19447 =item Code Point Arguments
19473 =item Unicode::UCD::UnicodeVersion
19479 =item Implementation Note
19491 =head2 User::grent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getgr*()
19506 =head2 User::pwent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getpw*()
19517 =item System Specifics
19531 =head2 Win32 - Interfaces to some Win32 API Functions
19539 =item Alphabetical Listing of Win32 Functions
19541 Win32::AbortSystemShutdown(MACHINE), Win32::BuildNumber(),
19542 Win32::CopyFile(FROM, TO, OVERWRITE), Win32::DomainName(),
19543 Win32::ExpandEnvironmentStrings(STRING), Win32::FormatMessage(ERRORCODE),
19544 Win32::FsType(), Win32::FreeLibrary(HANDLE), Win32::GetArchName(),
19545 Win32::GetChipName(), Win32::GetCwd(), Win32::GetFullPathName(FILENAME),
19546 Win32::GetLastError(), Win32::GetLongPathName(PATHNAME),
19547 Win32::GetNextAvailDrive(), Win32::GetOSVersion(), Win32::GetOSName(),
19548 Win32::GetShortPathName(PATHNAME), Win32::GetProcAddress(INSTANCE,
19549 PROCNAME), Win32::GetTickCount(), Win32::InitiateSystemShutdown,
19550 Win32::IsWinNT(), Win32::IsWin95(), Win32::LoadLibrary(LIBNAME),
19551 Win32::LoginName(), Win32::LookupAccountName(SYSTEM, ACCOUNT, DOMAIN, SID,
19552 SIDTYPE), Win32::LookupAccountSID(SYSTEM, SID, ACCOUNT, DOMAIN, SIDTYPE),
19553 Win32::MsgBox(MESSAGE [, FLAGS [, TITLE]]), Win32::NodeName(),
19554 Win32::RegisterServer(LIBRARYNAME), Win32::SetChildShowWindow(SHOWWINDOW),
19555 Win32::SetCwd(NEWDIRECTORY), Win32::SetLastError(ERROR),
19556 Win32::Sleep(TIME), Win32::Spawn(COMMAND, ARGS, PID),
19557 Win32::UnregisterServer(LIBRARYNAME)
19563 =head2 XS::APItest - Test the perl C API
19577 B<print_double>, B<print_long_double>, B<have_long_double>, B<print_nv>,
19578 B<print_iv>, B<print_uv>, B<print_int>, B<print_long>, B<print_float>
19586 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
19590 =head2 XS::Typemap - module to test the XS typemaps distributed with perl
19608 =head2 XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code
19620 =head1 AUXILIARY DOCUMENTATION
19622 Here should be listed all the extra programs' documentation, but they
19623 don't all have manual pages yet:
19649 Larry Wall <F<larry@wall.org>>, with the help of oodles
projects / p5sagit/p5-mst-13.2.git / blob