4 perltoc - perl documentation table of contents
8 This page provides a brief table of contents for the rest of the Perl
9 documentation set. It is meant to be scanned quickly or grepped
10 through to locate the proper section you're looking for.
12 =head1 BASIC DOCUMENTATION
14 =head2 perl - Practical Extraction and Report Language
26 =item Reference Manual
28 =item Internals and C Language Interface
32 =item Platform-Specific
56 =head2 perlintro -- a brief introduction and overview of Perl
66 =item Running Perl programs
68 =item Basic syntax overview
70 =item Perl variable types
72 Scalars, Arrays, Hashes
74 =item Variable scoping
76 =item Conditional and looping constructs
78 if, while, for, foreach
80 =item Builtin operators and functions
82 Arithmetic, Numeric comparison, String comparison, Boolean logic,
87 =item Regular expressions
89 Simple matching, Simple substitution, More complex regular expressions,
90 Parentheses for capturing, Other regexp features
92 =item Writing subroutines
96 =item Using Perl modules
104 =head2 perlfaq - frequently asked questions about Perl ($Date: 2001/10/16
113 =item perlfaq: Structural overview of the FAQ.
115 =item L<perlfaq1>: General Questions About Perl
117 =item L<perlfaq2>: Obtaining and Learning about Perl
119 =item L<perlfaq3>: Programming Tools
121 =item L<perlfaq4>: Data Manipulation
123 =item L<perlfaq5>: Files and Formats
125 =item L<perlfaq6>: Regexps
127 =item L<perlfaq7>: General Perl Language Issues
129 =item L<perlfaq8>: System Interaction
131 =item L<perlfaq9>: Networking
135 =item About the perlfaq documents
139 =item Where to get the perlfaq
141 =item How to contribute to the perlfaq
143 =item What will happen if you mail your Perl programming problems to the
150 =item Author and Copyright Information
154 =item Bundled Distributions
162 1/November/2000, 23/May/99, 13/April/99, 7/January/99, 22/June/98,
163 24/April/97, 23/April/97, 25/March/97, 18/March/97, 17/March/97 Version,
164 Initial Release: 11/March/97
168 =head2 perlbook - Perl book information
176 =head2 perlsyn - Perl syntax
186 =item Simple statements
188 =item Compound statements
196 =item Basic BLOCKs and Switch Statements
200 =item PODs: Embedded Documentation
202 =item Plain Old Comments (Not!)
208 =head2 perldata - Perl data types
222 =item Scalar value constructors
224 =item List value constructors
228 =item Typeglobs and Filehandles
236 =head2 perlop - Perl operators and precedence
246 =item Terms and List Operators (Leftward)
248 =item The Arrow Operator
250 =item Auto-increment and Auto-decrement
254 =item Symbolic Unary Operators
256 =item Binding Operators
258 =item Multiplicative Operators
260 =item Additive Operators
262 =item Shift Operators
264 =item Named Unary Operators
266 =item Relational Operators
268 =item Equality Operators
272 =item Bitwise Or and Exclusive Or
274 =item C-style Logical And
276 =item C-style Logical Or
278 =item Range Operators
280 =item Conditional Operator
282 =item Assignment Operators
286 =item List Operators (Rightward)
292 =item Logical or and Exclusive Or
294 =item C Operators Missing From Perl
296 unary &, unary *, (TYPE)
298 =item Quote and Quote-like Operators
300 =item Regexp Quote-Like Operators
302 ?PATTERN?, m/PATTERN/cgimosx, /PATTERN/cgimosx, q/STRING/, C<'STRING'>,
303 qq/STRING/, "STRING", qr/STRING/imosx, qx/STRING/, `STRING`, qw/STRING/,
304 s/PATTERN/REPLACEMENT/egimosx, tr/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds,
305 y/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds, <<EOF
307 =item Gory details of parsing quoted constructs
309 Finding the end, Removal of backslashes before delimiters, Interpolation,
310 C<<<'EOF'>, C<m''>, C<s'''>, C<tr///>, C<y///>, C<''>, C<q//>, C<"">,
311 C<``>, C<qq//>, C<qx//>, C<< <file*glob> >>, C<?RE?>, C</RE/>, C<m/RE/>,
312 C<s/RE/foo/>,, Interpolation of regular expressions, Optimization of
317 =item Constant Folding
319 =item Bitwise String Operators
321 =item Integer Arithmetic
323 =item Floating-point Arithmetic
331 =head2 perlsub - Perl subroutines
341 =item Private Variables via my()
343 =item Persistent Private Variables
345 =item Temporary Values via local()
347 =item Lvalue subroutines
349 =item Passing Symbol Table Entries (typeglobs)
351 =item When to Still Use local()
353 =item Pass by Reference
357 =item Constant Functions
359 =item Overriding Built-in Functions
363 =item Subroutine Attributes
371 =head2 perlfunc - Perl builtin functions
379 =item Perl Functions by Category
381 Functions for SCALARs or strings, Regular expressions and pattern matching,
382 Numeric functions, Functions for real @ARRAYs, Functions for list data,
383 Functions for real %HASHes, Input and output functions, Functions for fixed
384 length data or records, Functions for filehandles, files, or directories,
385 Keywords related to the control flow of your perl program, Keywords related
386 to scoping, Miscellaneous functions, Functions for processes and process
387 groups, Keywords related to perl modules, Keywords related to classes and
388 object-orientedness, Low-level socket functions, System V interprocess
389 communication functions, Fetching user and group info, Fetching network
390 info, Time-related functions, Functions new in perl5, Functions obsoleted
395 =item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions
397 I<-X> FILEHANDLE, I<-X> EXPR, I<-X>, abs VALUE, abs, accept
398 NEWSOCKET,GENERICSOCKET, alarm SECONDS, alarm, atan2 Y,X, bind SOCKET,NAME,
399 binmode FILEHANDLE, DISCIPLINE, binmode FILEHANDLE, bless REF,CLASSNAME,
400 bless REF, caller EXPR, caller, chdir EXPR, chmod LIST, chomp VARIABLE,
401 chomp( LIST ), chomp, chop VARIABLE, chop( LIST ), chop, chown LIST, chr
402 NUMBER, chr, chroot FILENAME, chroot, close FILEHANDLE, close, closedir
403 DIRHANDLE, connect SOCKET,NAME, continue BLOCK, cos EXPR, cos, crypt
404 PLAINTEXT,SALT, dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MASK, defined EXPR,
405 defined, delete EXPR, die LIST, do BLOCK, do SUBROUTINE(LIST), do EXPR,
406 dump LABEL, dump, each HASH, eof FILEHANDLE, eof (), eof, eval EXPR, eval
407 BLOCK, exec LIST, exec PROGRAM LIST, exists EXPR, exit EXPR, exp EXPR, exp,
408 fcntl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, fileno FILEHANDLE, flock
409 FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, fork, format, formline PICTURE,LIST, getc FILEHANDLE,
410 getc, getlogin, getpeername SOCKET, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority
411 WHICH,WHO, getpwnam NAME, getgrnam NAME, gethostbyname NAME, getnetbyname
412 NAME, getprotobyname NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getservbyname
413 NAME,PROTO, gethostbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE,
414 getprotobynumber NUMBER, getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent,
415 gethostent, getnetent, getprotoent, getservent, setpwent, setgrent,
416 sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent
417 STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent, endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent,
418 endservent, getsockname SOCKET, getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR,
419 glob, gmtime EXPR, goto LABEL, goto EXPR, goto &NAME, grep BLOCK LIST, grep
420 EXPR,LIST, hex EXPR, hex, import, index STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, index
421 STR,SUBSTR, int EXPR, int, ioctl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, join
422 EXPR,LIST, keys HASH, kill SIGNAL, LIST, last LABEL, last, lc EXPR, lc,
423 lcfirst EXPR, lcfirst, length EXPR, length, link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, listen
424 SOCKET,QUEUESIZE, local EXPR, localtime EXPR, lock, log EXPR, log, lstat
425 EXPR, lstat, m//, map BLOCK LIST, map EXPR,LIST, mkdir FILENAME,MASK, mkdir
426 FILENAME, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget KEY,FLAGS, msgrcv
427 ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS, my EXPR, my EXPR : ATTRIBUTES,
428 next LABEL, next, no Module LIST, oct EXPR, oct, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open
429 FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR,LIST, open FILEHANDLE,
430 opendir DIRHANDLE,EXPR, ord EXPR, ord, our EXPR, our EXPR : ATTRIBUTES,
431 pack TEMPLATE,LIST, package NAMESPACE, package, pipe
432 READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, pop ARRAY, pop, pos SCALAR, pos, print FILEHANDLE
433 LIST, print LIST, print, printf FILEHANDLE FORMAT, LIST, printf FORMAT,
434 LIST, prototype FUNCTION, push ARRAY,LIST, q/STRING/, qq/STRING/,
435 qr/STRING/, qx/STRING/, qw/STRING/, quotemeta EXPR, quotemeta, rand EXPR,
436 rand, read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,
437 readdir DIRHANDLE, readline EXPR, readlink EXPR, readlink, readpipe EXPR,
438 recv SOCKET,SCALAR,LENGTH,FLAGS, redo LABEL, redo, ref EXPR, ref, rename
439 OLDNAME,NEWNAME, require VERSION, require EXPR, require, reset EXPR, reset,
440 return EXPR, return, reverse LIST, rewinddir DIRHANDLE, rindex
441 STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, rindex STR,SUBSTR, rmdir FILENAME, rmdir, s///, scalar
442 EXPR, seek FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, seekdir DIRHANDLE,POS, select
443 FILEHANDLE, select, select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, semctl
444 ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, send
445 SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS,TO, send SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS, setpgrp PID,PGRP, setpriority
446 WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shift ARRAY,
447 shift, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS, shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE,
448 shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, shutdown SOCKET,HOW, sin EXPR, sin, sleep
449 EXPR, sleep, sockatmark SOCKET, socket SOCKET,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL,
450 socketpair SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, sort SUBNAME LIST, sort
451 BLOCK LIST, sort LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,LIST, splice
452 ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH, splice ARRAY,OFFSET, splice ARRAY, split
453 /PATTERN/,EXPR,LIMIT, split /PATTERN/,EXPR, split /PATTERN/, split, sprintf
454 FORMAT, LIST, sqrt EXPR, sqrt, srand EXPR, srand, stat FILEHANDLE, stat
455 EXPR, stat, study SCALAR, study, sub BLOCK, sub NAME, sub NAME BLOCK,
456 substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH,REPLACEMENT, substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH, substr
457 EXPR,OFFSET, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen
458 FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE, sysopen FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, sysread
459 FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, sysread FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, sysseek
460 FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, system LIST, system PROGRAM LIST, syswrite
461 FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,
462 syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR, tell FILEHANDLE, tell, telldir DIRHANDLE, tie
463 VARIABLE,CLASSNAME,LIST, tied VARIABLE, time, times, tr///, truncate
464 FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, uc EXPR, uc, ucfirst EXPR,
465 ucfirst, umask EXPR, umask, undef EXPR, undef, unlink LIST, unlink, unpack
466 TEMPLATE,EXPR, untie VARIABLE, unshift ARRAY,LIST, use Module VERSION LIST,
467 use Module VERSION, use Module LIST, use Module, use VERSION, utime LIST,
468 values HASH, vec EXPR,OFFSET,BITS, wait, waitpid PID,FLAGS, wantarray, warn
469 LIST, write FILEHANDLE, write EXPR, write, y///
475 =head2 perlreftut - Mark's very short tutorial about references
481 =item Who Needs Complicated Data Structures?
489 =item Making References
491 =item Using References
509 =item Distribution Conditions
515 =head2 perldsc - Perl Data Structures Cookbook
521 arrays of arrays, hashes of arrays, arrays of hashes, hashes of hashes,
522 more elaborate constructs
526 =item COMMON MISTAKES
528 =item CAVEAT ON PRECEDENCE
530 =item WHY YOU SHOULD ALWAYS C<use strict>
536 =item ARRAYS OF ARRAYS
540 =item Declaration of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
542 =item Generation of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
544 =item Access and Printing of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
548 =item HASHES OF ARRAYS
552 =item Declaration of a HASH OF ARRAYS
554 =item Generation of a HASH OF ARRAYS
556 =item Access and Printing of a HASH OF ARRAYS
560 =item ARRAYS OF HASHES
564 =item Declaration of an ARRAY OF HASHES
566 =item Generation of an ARRAY OF HASHES
568 =item Access and Printing of an ARRAY OF HASHES
572 =item HASHES OF HASHES
576 =item Declaration of a HASH OF HASHES
578 =item Generation of a HASH OF HASHES
580 =item Access and Printing of a HASH OF HASHES
584 =item MORE ELABORATE RECORDS
588 =item Declaration of MORE ELABORATE RECORDS
590 =item Declaration of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS
592 =item Generation of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS
604 =head2 perlrequick - Perl regular expressions quick start
614 =item Simple word matching
616 =item Using character classes
618 =item Matching this or that
620 =item Grouping things and hierarchical matching
622 =item Extracting matches
624 =item Matching repetitions
628 =item Search and replace
630 =item The split operator
638 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
642 =item Acknowledgments
648 =head2 perlpod - the Plain Old Documentation format
656 =item Ordinary Paragraph
658 =item Verbatim Paragraph
660 =item Command Paragraph
662 C<=head1 I<Heading Text>>, C<=head2 I<Heading Text>>, C<=head3 I<Heading
663 Text>>, C<=head4 I<Heading Text>>, C<=over I<indentlevel>>, C<=item
664 I<stuff...>>, C<=back>, C<=cut>, C<=pod>, C<=begin I<formatname>>, C<=end
665 I<formatname>>, C<=for I<formatname> I<text...>>
667 =item Formatting Codes
669 C<IE<lt>textE<gt>> -- italic text, C<BE<lt>textE<gt>> -- bold text,
670 C<CE<lt>codeE<gt>> -- code text, C<LE<lt>nameE<gt>> -- a hyperlink,
671 C<EE<lt>escapeE<gt>> -- a character escape, C<FE<lt>filenameE<gt>> -- used
672 for filenames, C<SE<lt>textE<gt>> -- text contains non-breaking spaces,
673 C<XE<lt>topic nameE<gt>> -- an index entry, C<ZE<lt>E<gt>> -- a null
674 (zero-effect) formatting code
678 =item Embedding Pods in Perl Modules
680 =item Hints for Writing Pod
690 =head2 perlpodspec - Plain Old Documentation: format specification and
697 =item Pod Definitions
701 "=head1", "=head2", "=head3", "=head4", "=pod", "=cut", "=over", "=item",
702 "=back", "=begin formatname", "=end formatname", "=for formatname text..."
704 =item Pod Formatting Codes
706 C<IE<lt>textE<gt>> -- italic text, C<BE<lt>textE<gt>> -- bold text,
707 C<CE<lt>codeE<gt>> -- code text, C<FE<lt>filenameE<gt>> -- style for
708 filenames, C<XE<lt>topic nameE<gt>> -- an index entry, C<ZE<lt>E<gt>> -- a
709 null (zero-effect) formatting code, C<LE<lt>nameE<gt>> -- a hyperlink,
710 C<EE<lt>escapeE<gt>> -- a character escape, C<SE<lt>textE<gt>> -- text
711 contains non-breaking spaces
713 =item Notes on Implementing Pod Processors
715 =item About LE<lt>...E<gt> Codes
717 First:, Second:, Third:, Fourth:, Fifth:, Sixth:
719 =item About =over...=back Regions
721 =item About Data Paragraphs and "=begin/=end" Regions
729 =head2 perlstyle - Perl style guide
737 =head2 perltrap - Perl traps for the unwary
755 =item Perl4 to Perl5 Traps
757 Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps, Parsing Traps, Numerical
758 Traps, General data type traps, Context Traps - scalar, list contexts,
759 Precedence Traps, General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc,
760 Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps, OS Traps, DBM Traps, Unclassified Traps
762 =item Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps
764 Discontinuance, Deprecation, BugFix, Discontinuance, Discontinuance,
765 Discontinuance, BugFix, Discontinuance, Discontinuance, BugFix,
766 Discontinuance, Deprecation, Discontinuance, Discontinuance
770 Parsing, Parsing, Parsing, Parsing, Parsing
772 =item Numerical Traps
774 Numerical, Numerical, Numerical, Bitwise string ops
776 =item General data type traps
778 (Arrays), (Arrays), (Hashes), (Globs), (Globs), (Scalar String),
779 (Constants), (Scalars), (Variable Suicide)
781 =item Context Traps - scalar, list contexts
783 (list context), (scalar context), (scalar context), (list, builtin)
785 =item Precedence Traps
787 Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence,
790 =item General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc.
792 Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular
793 Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression,
796 =item Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps
798 (Signals), (Sort Subroutine), warn() won't let you specify a filehandle
804 =item Interpolation Traps
806 Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation,
807 Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation
813 =item Unclassified Traps
815 C<require>/C<do> trap using returned value, C<split> on empty string with
822 =head2 perlrun - how to execute the Perl interpreter
832 =item #! and quoting on non-Unix systems
834 OS/2, MS-DOS, Win95/NT, Macintosh, VMS
836 =item Location of Perl
838 =item Command Switches
840 B<-0>[I<digits>], B<-a>, B<-C>, B<-c>, B<-d>, B<-d:>I<foo[=bar,baz]>,
841 B<-D>I<letters>, B<-D>I<number>, B<-e> I<commandline>, B<-F>I<pattern>,
842 B<-h>, B<-i>[I<extension>], B<-I>I<directory>, B<-l>[I<octnum>],
843 B<-m>[B<->]I<module>, B<-M>[B<->]I<module>, B<-M>[B<->]I<'module ...'>,
844 B<-[mM]>[B<->]I<module=arg[,arg]...>, B<-n>, B<-p>, B<-P>, B<-s>, B<-S>,
845 B<-T>, B<-u>, B<-U>, B<-v>, B<-V>, B<-V:>I<name>, B<-w>, B<-W>, B<-X>,
852 HOME, LOGDIR, PATH, PERL5LIB, PERL5OPT, PERLLIB, PERL5DB, PERL5SHELL
853 (specific to the Win32 port), PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS, PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL,
854 PERL_ENCODING, PERL_ROOT (specific to the VMS port), SYS$LOGIN (specific to
859 =head2 perldiag - various Perl diagnostics
867 =head2 perllexwarn - Perl Lexical Warnings
875 =item Default Warnings and Optional Warnings
877 =item What's wrong with B<-w> and C<$^W>
879 =item Controlling Warnings from the Command Line
883 =item Backward Compatibility
885 =item Category Hierarchy
889 =item Reporting Warnings from a Module
901 =head2 perldebtut - Perl debugging tutorial
909 =item Looking at data and -w and w
913 =item Stepping through code
915 =item Placeholder for a, w, t, T
917 =item REGULAR EXPRESSIONS
935 =head2 perldebug - Perl debugging
941 =item The Perl Debugger
945 =item Debugger Commands
947 h [command], p expr, x expr, V [pkg [vars]], X [vars], T, s [expr], n
948 [expr], r, <CR>, c [line|sub], l, l min+incr, l min-max, l line, l subname,
949 -, w [line], f filename, /pattern/, ?pattern?, L, S [[!]regex], t, t expr,
950 b [line] [condition], b subname [condition], b postpone subname
951 [condition], b load filename, b compile subname, d [line], D, a [line]
952 command, a [line], A, W expr, W, O booloption .., O anyoption? .., O
953 option=value .., < ?, < [ command ], << command, > ?, > command, >>
954 command, { ?, { [ command ], {{ command, ! number, ! -number, ! pattern, !!
955 cmd, @ file, H -number, q or ^D, R, |dbcmd, ||dbcmd, command, m expr, man
958 =item Configurable Options
960 C<recallCommand>, C<ShellBang>, C<pager>, C<tkRunning>, C<signalLevel>,
961 C<warnLevel>, C<dieLevel>, C<AutoTrace>, C<LineInfo>, C<inhibit_exit>,
962 C<PrintRet>, C<ornaments>, C<frame>, C<maxTraceLen>, C<windowSize>,
963 C<arrayDepth>, C<hashDepth>, C<compactDump>, C<veryCompact>, C<globPrint>,
964 C<DumpDBFiles>, C<DumpPackages>, C<DumpReused>, C<quote>, C<HighBit>,
965 C<undefPrint>, C<UsageOnly>, C<TTY>, C<noTTY>, C<ReadLine>, C<NonStop>
967 =item Debugger input/output
969 Prompt, Multiline commands, Stack backtrace, Line Listing Format, Frame
972 =item Debugging compile-time statements
974 =item Debugger Customization
976 =item Readline Support
978 =item Editor Support for Debugging
980 =item The Perl Profiler
984 =item Debugging regular expressions
986 =item Debugging memory usage
994 =head2 perlvar - Perl predefined variables
1002 =item Predefined Names
1004 $ARG, $_, $a, $b, $<I<digits>>, $MATCH, $&, $PREMATCH, $`, $POSTMATCH, $',
1005 $LAST_PAREN_MATCH, $+, $^N, @LAST_MATCH_END, @+, $MULTILINE_MATCHING, $*,
1006 HANDLE->input_line_number(EXPR), $INPUT_LINE_NUMBER, $NR, $,
1007 IO::Handle->input_record_separator(EXPR), $INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $RS, $/,
1008 HANDLE->autoflush(EXPR), $OUTPUT_AUTOFLUSH, $|,
1009 IO::Handle->output_field_separator EXPR, $OUTPUT_FIELD_SEPARATOR, $OFS, $,,
1010 IO::Handle->output_record_separator EXPR, $OUTPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $ORS,
1011 $\, $LIST_SEPARATOR, $", $SUBSCRIPT_SEPARATOR, $SUBSEP, $;, $OFMT, $#,
1012 HANDLE->format_page_number(EXPR), $FORMAT_PAGE_NUMBER, $%,
1013 HANDLE->format_lines_per_page(EXPR), $FORMAT_LINES_PER_PAGE, $=,
1014 HANDLE->format_lines_left(EXPR), $FORMAT_LINES_LEFT, $-, @LAST_MATCH_START,
1015 @-, C<$`> is the same as C<substr($var, 0, $-[0])>, C<$&> is the same as
1016 C<substr($var, $-[0], $+[0] - $-[0])>, C<$'> is the same as C<substr($var,
1017 $+[0])>, C<$1> is the same as C<substr($var, $-[1], $+[1] - $-[1])>, C<$2>
1018 is the same as C<substr($var, $-[2], $+[2] - $-[2])>, C<$3> is the same as
1019 C<substr $var, $-[3], $+[3] - $-[3])>, HANDLE->format_name(EXPR),
1020 $FORMAT_NAME, $~, HANDLE->format_top_name(EXPR), $FORMAT_TOP_NAME, $^,
1021 IO::Handle->format_line_break_characters EXPR,
1022 $FORMAT_LINE_BREAK_CHARACTERS, $:, IO::Handle->format_formfeed EXPR,
1023 $FORMAT_FORMFEED, $^L, $ACCUMULATOR, $^A, $CHILD_ERROR, $?, ${^ENCODING},
1024 $OS_ERROR, $ERRNO, $!, $EXTENDED_OS_ERROR, $^E, $EVAL_ERROR, $@,
1025 $PROCESS_ID, $PID, $$, $REAL_USER_ID, $UID, $<, $EFFECTIVE_USER_ID, $EUID,
1026 $>, $REAL_GROUP_ID, $GID, $(, $EFFECTIVE_GROUP_ID, $EGID, $),
1027 $PROGRAM_NAME, $0, $[, $], $COMPILING, $^C, $DEBUGGING, $^D,
1028 $SYSTEM_FD_MAX, $^F, $^H, %^H, $INPLACE_EDIT, $^I, $^M, $OSNAME, $^O,
1029 $PERLDB, $^P, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80, 0x100, 0x200,
1030 $LAST_REGEXP_CODE_RESULT, $^R, $EXCEPTIONS_BEING_CAUGHT, $^S, $BASETIME,
1031 $^T, ${^TAINT}, $PERL_VERSION, $^V, $WARNING, $^W, ${^WARNING_BITS},
1032 ${^WIDE_SYSTEM_CALLS}, $EXECUTABLE_NAME, $^X, ARGV, $ARGV, @ARGV, @F, @INC,
1033 @_, %INC, %ENV, $ENV{expr}, %SIG, $SIG{expr}
1035 =item Error Indicators
1037 =item Technical Note on the Syntax of Variable Names
1045 =head2 perllol - Manipulating Arrays of Arrays in Perl
1053 =item Declaration and Access of Arrays of Arrays
1055 =item Growing Your Own
1057 =item Access and Printing
1069 =head2 perlopentut - tutorial on opening things in Perl
1075 =item Open E<agrave> la shell
1083 =item The Minus File
1085 =item Mixing Reads and Writes
1091 =item Open E<agrave> la C
1095 =item Permissions E<agrave> la mode
1099 =item Obscure Open Tricks
1103 =item Re-Opening Files (dups)
1105 =item Dispelling the Dweomer
1107 =item Paths as Opens
1109 =item Single Argument Open
1111 =item Playing with STDIN and STDOUT
1115 =item Other I/O Issues
1119 =item Opening Non-File Files
1129 =item AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT
1135 =head2 perlretut - Perl regular expressions tutorial
1141 =item Part 1: The basics
1145 =item Simple word matching
1147 =item Using character classes
1149 =item Matching this or that
1151 =item Grouping things and hierarchical matching
1153 =item Extracting matches
1155 =item Matching repetitions
1157 =item Building a regexp
1159 =item Using regular expressions in Perl
1163 =item Part 2: Power tools
1167 =item More on characters, strings, and character classes
1169 =item Compiling and saving regular expressions
1171 =item Embedding comments and modifiers in a regular expression
1173 =item Non-capturing groupings
1175 =item Looking ahead and looking behind
1177 =item Using independent subexpressions to prevent backtracking
1179 =item Conditional expressions
1181 =item A bit of magic: executing Perl code in a regular expression
1183 =item Pragmas and debugging
1191 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1195 =item Acknowledgments
1201 =head2 perlre - Perl regular expressions
1211 =item Regular Expressions
1213 cntrl, graph, print, punct, xdigit
1215 =item Extended Patterns
1217 C<(?#text)>, C<(?imsx-imsx)>, C<(?:pattern)>, C<(?imsx-imsx:pattern)>,
1218 C<(?=pattern)>, C<(?!pattern)>, C<(?<=pattern)>, C<(?<!pattern)>, C<(?{
1219 code })>, C<(??{ code })>, C<< (?>pattern) >>,
1220 C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)>, C<(?(condition)yes-pattern)>
1224 =item Version 8 Regular Expressions
1226 =item Warning on \1 vs $1
1228 =item Repeated patterns matching zero-length substring
1230 =item Combining pieces together
1232 C<ST>, C<S|T>, C<S{REPEAT_COUNT}>, C<S{min,max}>, C<S{min,max}?>, C<S?>,
1233 C<S*>, C<S+>, C<S??>, C<S*?>, C<S+?>, C<< (?>S) >>, C<(?=S)>, C<(?<=S)>,
1234 C<(?!S)>, C<(?<!S)>, C<(??{ EXPR })>,
1235 C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)>
1237 =item Creating custom RE engines
1247 =head2 perlref - Perl references and nested data structures
1257 =item Making References
1259 =item Using References
1261 =item Symbolic references
1263 =item Not-so-symbolic references
1265 =item Pseudo-hashes: Using an array as a hash
1267 =item Function Templates
1277 =head2 perlform - Perl formats
1285 =item Format Variables
1295 =item Accessing Formatting Internals
1303 =head2 perlboot - Beginner's Object-Oriented Tutorial
1311 =item If we could talk to the animals...
1313 =item Introducing the method invocation arrow
1315 =item Invoking a barnyard
1317 =item The extra parameter of method invocation
1319 =item Calling a second method to simplify things
1321 =item Inheriting the windpipes
1323 =item A few notes about @ISA
1325 =item Overriding the methods
1327 =item Starting the search from a different place
1329 =item The SUPER way of doing things
1331 =item Where we're at so far...
1333 =item A horse is a horse, of course of course -- or is it?
1335 =item Invoking an instance method
1337 =item Accessing the instance data
1339 =item How to build a horse
1341 =item Inheriting the constructor
1343 =item Making a method work with either classes or instances
1345 =item Adding parameters to a method
1347 =item More interesting instances
1349 =item A horse of a different color
1361 =head2 perltoot - Tom's object-oriented tutorial for perl
1367 =item Creating a Class
1371 =item Object Representation
1373 =item Class Interface
1375 =item Constructors and Instance Methods
1377 =item Planning for the Future: Better Constructors
1381 =item Other Object Methods
1389 =item Accessing Class Data
1391 =item Debugging Methods
1393 =item Class Destructors
1395 =item Documenting the Interface
1405 =item Overridden Methods
1407 =item Multiple Inheritance
1409 =item UNIVERSAL: The Root of All Objects
1413 =item Alternate Object Representations
1417 =item Arrays as Objects
1419 =item Closures as Objects
1423 =item AUTOLOAD: Proxy Methods
1427 =item Autoloaded Data Methods
1429 =item Inherited Autoloaded Data Methods
1433 =item Metaclassical Tools
1439 =item Data Members as Variables
1447 =item Object Terminology
1453 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1459 =item Acknowledgments
1465 =head2 perltooc - Tom's OO Tutorial for Class Data in Perl
1471 =item Class Data in a Can
1473 =item Class Data as Package Variables
1477 =item Putting All Your Eggs in One Basket
1479 =item Inheritance Concerns
1481 =item The Eponymous Meta-Object
1483 =item Indirect References to Class Data
1485 =item Monadic Classes
1487 =item Translucent Attributes
1491 =item Class Data as Lexical Variables
1495 =item Privacy and Responsibility
1497 =item File-Scoped Lexicals
1499 =item More Inheritance Concerns
1501 =item Locking the Door and Throwing Away the Key
1503 =item Translucency Revisited
1511 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1513 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
1519 =head2 perlobj - Perl objects
1527 =item An Object is Simply a Reference
1529 =item A Class is Simply a Package
1531 =item A Method is Simply a Subroutine
1533 =item Method Invocation
1535 =item Indirect Object Syntax
1537 =item Default UNIVERSAL methods
1539 isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] )
1545 =item Two-Phased Garbage Collection
1553 =head2 perlbot - Bag'o Object Tricks (the BOT)
1559 =item OO SCALING TIPS
1561 =item INSTANCE VARIABLES
1563 =item SCALAR INSTANCE VARIABLES
1565 =item INSTANCE VARIABLE INHERITANCE
1567 =item OBJECT RELATIONSHIPS
1569 =item OVERRIDING SUPERCLASS METHODS
1571 =item USING RELATIONSHIP WITH SDBM
1573 =item THINKING OF CODE REUSE
1575 =item CLASS CONTEXT AND THE OBJECT
1577 =item INHERITING A CONSTRUCTOR
1583 =head2 perltie - how to hide an object class in a simple variable
1595 TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, UNTIE this,
1600 TIEARRAY classname, LIST, FETCH this, index, STORE this, index, value,
1601 FETCHSIZE this, STORESIZE this, count, EXTEND this, count, EXISTS this,
1602 key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, PUSH this, LIST, POP this, SHIFT this,
1603 UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST, UNTIE this, DESTROY
1608 USER, HOME, CLOBBER, LIST, TIEHASH classname, LIST, FETCH this, key, STORE
1609 this, key, value, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, EXISTS this, key, FIRSTKEY
1610 this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, UNTIE this, DESTROY this
1612 =item Tying FileHandles
1614 TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, WRITE this, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this,
1615 LIST, READ this, LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, CLOSE this, UNTIE this,
1620 =item The C<untie> Gotcha
1632 =head2 perlipc - Perl interprocess communication (signals, fifos, pipes,
1633 safe subprocesses, sockets, and semaphores)
1649 =item Using open() for IPC
1655 =item Background Processes
1657 =item Complete Dissociation of Child from Parent
1659 =item Safe Pipe Opens
1661 =item Bidirectional Communication with Another Process
1663 =item Bidirectional Communication with Yourself
1667 =item Sockets: Client/Server Communication
1671 =item Internet Line Terminators
1673 =item Internet TCP Clients and Servers
1675 =item Unix-Domain TCP Clients and Servers
1679 =item TCP Clients with IO::Socket
1683 =item A Simple Client
1685 C<Proto>, C<PeerAddr>, C<PeerPort>
1687 =item A Webget Client
1689 =item Interactive Client with IO::Socket
1693 =item TCP Servers with IO::Socket
1695 Proto, LocalPort, Listen, Reuse
1697 =item UDP: Message Passing
1711 =head2 perlfork - Perl's fork() emulation (EXPERIMENTAL, subject to change)
1721 =item Behavior of other Perl features in forked pseudo-processes
1723 $$ or $PROCESS_ID, %ENV, chdir() and all other builtins that accept
1724 filenames, wait() and waitpid(), kill(), exec(), exit(), Open handles to
1725 files, directories and network sockets
1727 =item Resource limits
1729 =item Killing the parent process
1731 =item Lifetime of the parent process and pseudo-processes
1733 =item CAVEATS AND LIMITATIONS
1735 BEGIN blocks, Open filehandles, Forking pipe open() not yet implemented,
1736 Global state maintained by XSUBs, Interpreter embedded in larger
1737 application, Thread-safety of extensions
1749 =head2 perlnumber - semantics of numbers and numeric operations in Perl
1757 =item Storing numbers
1759 =item Numeric operators and numeric conversions
1761 =item Flavors of Perl numeric operations
1763 Arithmetic operators except, C<no integer>, Arithmetic operators except,
1764 C<use integer>, Bitwise operators, C<no integer>, Bitwise operators, C<use
1765 integer>, Operators which expect an integer, Operators which expect a
1774 =head2 perlthrtut - tutorial on threads in Perl
1782 =head2 perlothrtut - old tutorial on threads in Perl
1788 =item What Is A Thread Anyway?
1790 =item Threaded Program Models
1802 =item Native threads
1804 =item What kind of threads are perl threads?
1806 =item Threadsafe Modules
1812 =item Basic Thread Support
1814 =item Creating Threads
1816 =item Giving up control
1818 =item Waiting For A Thread To Exit
1820 =item Errors In Threads
1822 =item Ignoring A Thread
1826 =item Threads And Data
1830 =item Shared And Unshared Data
1832 =item Thread Pitfall: Races
1834 =item Controlling access: lock()
1836 =item Thread Pitfall: Deadlocks
1838 =item Queues: Passing Data Around
1842 =item Threads And Code
1846 =item Semaphores: Synchronizing Data Access
1848 Basic semaphores, Advanced Semaphores
1850 =item Attributes: Restricting Access To Subroutines
1852 =item Subroutine Locks
1856 =item Locking A Subroutine
1860 =item General Thread Utility Routines
1864 =item What Thread Am I In?
1868 =item Are These Threads The Same?
1870 =item What Threads Are Running?
1874 =item A Complete Example
1882 =item Introductory Texts
1884 =item OS-Related References
1886 =item Other References
1890 =item Acknowledgements
1898 =head2 perlport - Writing portable Perl
1904 Not all Perl programs have to be portable, Nearly all of Perl already I<is>
1913 =item Numbers endianness and Width
1915 =item Files and Filesystems
1917 =item System Interaction
1919 =item Interprocess Communication (IPC)
1921 =item External Subroutines (XS)
1923 =item Standard Modules
1927 =item Character sets and character encoding
1929 =item Internationalisation
1931 =item System Resources
1941 Mailing list: cpan-testers@perl.org, Testing results:
1942 http://testers.cpan.org/
1950 =item DOS and Derivatives
1958 =item EBCDIC Platforms
1966 =item FUNCTION IMPLEMENTATIONS
1970 =item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions
1972 -I<X> FILEHANDLE, -I<X> EXPR, -I<X>, alarm SECONDS, alarm, binmode
1973 FILEHANDLE, chmod LIST, chown LIST, chroot FILENAME, chroot, crypt
1974 PLAINTEXT,SALT, dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MODE, dump LABEL, exec
1975 LIST, exit EXPR, exit, fcntl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, flock
1976 FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, fork, getlogin, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority
1977 WHICH,WHO, getpwnam NAME, getgrnam NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getpwuid UID,
1978 getgrgid GID, getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER,
1979 getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent, gethostent, getnetent,
1980 getprotoent, getservent, setpwent, setgrent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent
1981 STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent,
1982 endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent, endservent, getsockopt
1983 SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, glob, ioctl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR,
1984 kill SIGNAL, LIST, link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, lstat FILEHANDLE, lstat EXPR,
1985 lstat, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget KEY,FLAGS, msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS, msgrcv
1986 ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE, pipe
1987 READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, readlink EXPR, readlink, select
1988 RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, semctl ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget
1989 KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, setgrent, setpgrp PID,PGRP,
1990 setpriority WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setpwent, setsockopt
1991 SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS,
1992 shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE, shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, sockatmark SOCKET,
1993 socketpair SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, stat FILEHANDLE, stat
1994 EXPR, stat, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen
1995 FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, system LIST, times, truncate
1996 FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, umask EXPR, umask, utime LIST,
1997 wait, waitpid PID,FLAGS
2003 v1.48, 02 February 2001, v1.47, 22 March 2000, v1.46, 12 February 2000,
2004 v1.45, 20 December 1999, v1.44, 19 July 1999, v1.43, 24 May 1999, v1.42, 22
2005 May 1999, v1.41, 19 May 1999, v1.40, 11 April 1999, v1.39, 11 February
2006 1999, v1.38, 31 December 1998, v1.37, 19 December 1998, v1.36, 9 September
2007 1998, v1.35, 13 August 1998, v1.33, 06 August 1998, v1.32, 05 August 1998,
2008 v1.30, 03 August 1998, v1.23, 10 July 1998
2010 =item Supported Platforms
2014 =item AUTHORS / CONTRIBUTORS
2020 =head2 perllocale - Perl locale handling (internationalization and
2027 =item PREPARING TO USE LOCALES
2033 =item The use locale pragma
2035 =item The setlocale function
2037 =item Finding locales
2039 =item LOCALE PROBLEMS
2041 =item Temporarily fixing locale problems
2043 =item Permanently fixing locale problems
2045 =item Permanently fixing your system's locale configuration
2047 =item Fixing system locale configuration
2049 =item The localeconv function
2051 =item I18N::Langinfo
2055 =item LOCALE CATEGORIES
2059 =item Category LC_COLLATE: Collation
2061 =item Category LC_CTYPE: Character Types
2063 =item Category LC_NUMERIC: Numeric Formatting
2065 =item Category LC_MONETARY: Formatting of monetary amounts
2069 =item Other categories
2077 PERL_BADLANG, LC_ALL, LANGUAGE, LC_CTYPE, LC_COLLATE, LC_MONETARY,
2078 LC_NUMERIC, LC_TIME, LANG
2084 =item Backward compatibility
2086 =item I18N:Collate obsolete
2088 =item Sort speed and memory use impacts
2090 =item write() and LC_NUMERIC
2092 =item Freely available locale definitions
2096 =item An imperfect standard
2104 =item Broken systems
2114 =head2 perluniintro - Perl Unicode introduction
2124 =item Perl's Unicode Support
2126 =item Perl's Unicode Model
2128 =item Creating Unicode
2130 =item Handling Unicode
2132 =item Legacy Encodings
2138 =item Advanced Topics
2142 =item Questions With Answers
2144 Will My Old Scripts Break?, How Do I Make My Scripts Work With Unicode?,
2145 How Do I Know Whether My String Is In Unicode?, How Do I Detect Invalid
2146 UTF-8?, How Do I Convert Data Into UTF-8? Or Vice Versa?, How Do I Display
2147 Unicode? How Do I Input Unicode?, How Does Unicode Work With Traditional
2150 =item Hexadecimal Notation
2152 =item Further Resources
2158 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
2160 =item AUTHOR, COPYRIGHT, AND LICENSE
2164 =head2 perlunicode - Unicode support in Perl
2172 =item Important Caveats
2174 Input and Output Disciplines, Regular Expressions, C<use utf8> still needed
2175 to enable UTF-8/UTF-EBCDIC in scripts
2177 =item Byte and Character semantics
2179 =item Effects of character semantics
2185 =item Character encodings for input and output
2191 =item UNICODE REGULAR EXPRESSION SUPPORT LEVEL
2195 =item Unicode Encodings
2197 UTF-8, UTF-16, UTF-16BE, UTF16-LE, Surrogates, and BOMs (Byte Order Marks),
2198 UTF-32, UTF-32BE, UTF32-LE, UCS-2, UCS-4, UTF-7
2200 =item Security Implications of Malformed UTF-8
2202 =item Unicode in Perl on EBCDIC
2210 =head2 perlebcdic - Considerations for running Perl on EBCDIC platforms
2216 =item COMMON CHARACTER CODE SETS
2224 =item Latin 1 (ISO 8859-1)
2228 =item 13 variant characters
2236 =item Unicode and UTF
2240 =item SINGLE OCTET TABLES
2242 recipe 0, recipe 1, recipe 2, recipe 3, recipe 4, recipe 5, recipe 6
2244 =item IDENTIFYING CHARACTER CODE SETS
2258 =item OPERATOR DIFFERENCES
2260 =item FUNCTION DIFFERENCES
2262 chr(), ord(), pack(), print(), printf(), sort(), sprintf(), unpack()
2264 =item REGULAR EXPRESSION DIFFERENCES
2272 =item Ignore ASCII vs. EBCDIC sort differences.
2274 =item MONO CASE then sort data.
2276 =item Convert, sort data, then re convert.
2278 =item Perform sorting on one type of machine only.
2282 =item TRANSFORMATION FORMATS
2286 =item URL decoding and encoding
2288 =item uu encoding and decoding
2290 =item Quoted-Printable encoding and decoding
2292 =item Caesarian ciphers
2296 =item Hashing order and checksums
2300 =item MULTI OCTET CHARACTER SETS
2312 chcp, dataset access, OS/390, z/OS iconv, locales
2332 =head2 perlsec - Perl security
2340 =item Laundering and Detecting Tainted Data
2342 =item Switches On the "#!" Line
2344 =item Cleaning Up Your Path
2348 =item Protecting Your Programs
2356 =head2 perlmod - Perl modules (packages and symbol tables)
2368 =item Package Constructors and Destructors
2374 =item Making your module threadsafe
2382 =head2 perlmodinstall - Installing CPAN Modules
2392 B<DECOMPRESS> the file, B<UNPACK> the file into a directory, B<BUILD> the
2393 module (sometimes unnecessary), B<INSTALL> the module
2407 =head2 perlmodlib - constructing new Perl modules and finding existing ones
2413 =item THE PERL MODULE LIBRARY
2417 =item Pragmatic Modules
2419 attributes, attrs, autouse, base, blib, bytes, charnames, constant,
2420 diagnostics, fields, filetest, integer, less, locale, open, ops, overload,
2421 re, sigtrap, strict, subs, threads, utf8, vars, warnings,
2424 =item Standard Modules
2426 AnyDBM_File, Attribute::Handlers, AutoLoader, AutoSplit, B, B::Asmdata,
2427 B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Concise, B::Debug,
2428 B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex, B::Stackobj, B::Stash,
2429 B::Terse, B::Xref, Benchmark, ByteLoader, CGI, CGI::Apache, CGI::Carp,
2430 CGI::Cookie, CGI::Fast, CGI::Pretty, CGI::Push, CGI::Switch, CGI::Util,
2431 CPAN, CPAN::FirstTime, CPAN::Nox, Carp, Carp::Heavy, Class::ISA,
2432 Class::Struct, Cwd, DB, DB_File, Devel::SelfStubber, Digest, DirHandle,
2433 Dumpvalue, Encode, Encode::EncodeFormat, Encode::Tcl, English, Env,
2434 Exporter, Exporter::Heavy, ExtUtils::Command, ExtUtils::Constant,
2435 ExtUtils::Embed, ExtUtils::Install, ExtUtils::Installed, ExtUtils::Liblist,
2436 ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin, ExtUtils::MM_NW5, ExtUtils::MM_OS2, ExtUtils::MM_Unix,
2437 ExtUtils::MM_VMS, ExtUtils::MM_Win32, ExtUtils::MakeMaker,
2438 ExtUtils::Manifest, ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap, ExtUtils::Mksymlists,
2439 ExtUtils::Packlist, ExtUtils::testlib, Fatal, Fcntl, File::Basename,
2440 File::CheckTree, File::Compare, File::Copy, File::DosGlob, File::Find,
2441 File::Path, File::Spec, File::Spec::Epoc, File::Spec::Functions,
2442 File::Spec::Mac, File::Spec::OS2, File::Spec::Unix, File::Spec::VMS,
2443 File::Spec::Win32, File::Temp, File::stat, FileCache, FileHandle,
2444 Filter::Simple, FindBin, Getopt::Long, Getopt::Std, I18N::Collate,
2445 I18N::LangTags, I18N::LangTags::List, IO, IPC::Open2, IPC::Open3,
2446 Lingua::KO::Hangul::Util, Locale::Constants, Locale::Country,
2447 Locale::Currency, Locale::Language, Locale::Maketext,
2448 Locale::Maketext::TPJ13, Math::BigFloat, Math::BigInt, Math::BigInt::Calc,
2449 Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Memoize, Memoize::AnyDBM_File, Memoize::Expire,
2450 Memoize::ExpireFile, Memoize::ExpireTest, Memoize::NDBM_File,
2451 Memoize::SDBM_File, Memoize::Saves, Memoize::Storable, NDBM_File, NEXT,
2452 Net::Cmd, Net::Config, Net::Domain, Net::FTP, Net::NNTP, Net::Netrc,
2453 Net::POP3, Net::Ping, Net::SMTP, Net::Time, Net::hostent, Net::libnetFAQ,
2454 Net::netent, Net::protoent, Net::servent, O, ODBM_File, Opcode, POSIX,
2455 PerlIO, Pod::Checker, Pod::Find, Pod::Html, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::LaTeX,
2456 Pod::Man, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Parser, Pod::Plainer, Pod::Select,
2457 Pod::Text, Pod::Text::Color, Pod::Text::Overstrike, Pod::Text::Termcap,
2458 Pod::Usage, SDBM_File, Safe, Search::Dict, SelectSaver, SelfLoader, Shell,
2459 Socket, Storable, Switch, Symbol, Term::ANSIColor, Term::Cap,
2460 Term::Complete, Term::ReadLine, Test, Test::Harness, Test::More,
2461 Test::Simple, Test::Tutorial, Text::Abbrev, Text::Balanced,
2462 Text::ParseWords, Text::Soundex, Text::Tabs, Text::Wrap, Tie::Array,
2463 Tie::Handle, Tie::Hash, Tie::RefHash, Tie::Scalar, Tie::SubstrHash,
2464 Time::Local, Time::gmtime, Time::localtime, Time::tm, UNIVERSAL,
2465 Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Normalize, Unicode::UCD, User::grent,
2468 =item Extension Modules
2480 =item Central America
2492 =item Modules: Creation, Use, and Abuse
2496 =item Guidelines for Module Creation
2498 Adding a Copyright Notice
2500 =item Guidelines for Converting Perl 4 Library Scripts into Modules
2502 =item Guidelines for Reusing Application Code
2510 =head2 perlmodstyle - Perl module style guide
2516 =item QUICK CHECKLIST
2520 =item Before you start
2528 =item Release considerations
2532 =item BEFORE YOU START WRITING A MODULE
2536 =item Has it been done before?
2538 =item Do one thing and do it well
2540 =item What's in a name?
2544 =item DESIGNING AND WRITING YOUR MODULE
2548 =item To OO or not to OO?
2550 =item Designing your API
2552 Write simple routines to do simple things, Separate functionality from
2553 output, Provide sensible shortcuts and defaults, Naming conventions,
2556 =item Strictness and warnings
2558 =item Backwards compatibility
2560 =item Error handling and messages
2564 =item DOCUMENTING YOUR MODULE
2570 =item README, INSTALL, release notes, changelogs
2574 =item RELEASE CONSIDERATIONS
2578 =item Version numbering
2580 =item Pre-requisites
2590 =item COMMON PITFALLS
2594 =item Reinventing the wheel
2596 =item Trying to do too much
2598 =item Inappropriate documentation
2604 L<perlstyle>, L<perlnewmod>, L<perlpod>, L<podchecker>, Testing tools,
2605 http://pause.perl.org/, Any good book on software engineering
2611 =head2 perlnewmod - preparing a new module for distribution
2621 =item What should I make into a module?
2623 =item Step-by-step: Preparing the ground
2625 Look around, Check it's new, Discuss the need, Choose a name, Check again
2627 =item Step-by-step: Making the module
2629 Start with F<h2xs>, Use L<strict|strict> and L<warnings|warnings>, Use
2630 L<Carp|Carp>, Use L<Exporter|Exporter> - wisely!, Use L<plain old
2631 documentation|perlpod>, Write tests, Write the README
2633 =item Step-by-step: Distributing your module
2635 Get a CPAN user ID, C<perl Makefile.PL; make test; make dist>, Upload the
2636 tarball, Announce to the modules list, Announce to clpa, Fix bugs!
2646 =head2 perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl ($Revision: 1.2 $, $Date:
2647 2001/11/09 08:06:04 $)
2657 =item Who supports Perl? Who develops it? Why is it free?
2659 =item Which version of Perl should I use?
2661 =item What are perl4 and perl5?
2663 =item What is perl6?
2665 =item How stable is Perl?
2667 =item Is Perl difficult to learn?
2669 =item How does Perl compare with other languages like Java, Python, REXX,
2672 =item Can I do [task] in Perl?
2674 =item When shouldn't I program in Perl?
2676 =item What's the difference between "perl" and "Perl"?
2678 =item Is it a Perl program or a Perl script?
2680 =item What is a JAPH?
2682 =item Where can I get a list of Larry Wall witticisms?
2684 =item How can I convince my sysadmin/supervisor/employees to use version
2685 5/5.005/Perl instead of some other language?
2689 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
2693 =head2 perlfaq2 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl ($Revision: 1.3 $,
2694 $Date: 2001/11/09 08:06:04 $)
2702 =item What machines support Perl? Where do I get it?
2704 =item How can I get a binary version of Perl?
2706 =item I don't have a C compiler on my system. How can I compile perl?
2708 =item I copied the Perl binary from one machine to another, but scripts
2711 =item I grabbed the sources and tried to compile but gdbm/dynamic
2712 loading/malloc/linking/... failed. How do I make it work?
2714 =item What modules and extensions are available for Perl? What is CPAN?
2715 What does CPAN/src/... mean?
2717 =item Is there an ISO or ANSI certified version of Perl?
2719 =item Where can I get information on Perl?
2721 =item What are the Perl newsgroups on Usenet? Where do I post questions?
2723 =item Where should I post source code?
2727 References, Tutorials, Task-Oriented, Special Topics
2729 =item Perl in Magazines
2731 =item Perl on the Net: FTP and WWW Access
2733 =item What mailing lists are there for Perl?
2735 =item Archives of comp.lang.perl.misc
2737 =item Where can I buy a commercial version of Perl?
2739 =item Where do I send bug reports?
2741 =item What is perl.com? Perl Mongers? pm.org? perl.org?
2745 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
2749 =head2 perlfaq3 - Programming Tools ($Revision: 1.9 $, $Date: 2001/11/09
2758 =item How do I do (anything)?
2760 =item How can I use Perl interactively?
2762 =item Is there a Perl shell?
2764 =item How do I debug my Perl programs?
2766 =item How do I profile my Perl programs?
2768 =item How do I cross-reference my Perl programs?
2770 =item Is there a pretty-printer (formatter) for Perl?
2772 =item Is there a ctags for Perl?
2774 =item Is there an IDE or Windows Perl Editor?
2776 Komodo, The Object System, Open Perl IDE, PerlBuilder, visiPerl+,
2777 CodeMagicCD, GNU Emacs, MicroEMACS, XEmacs, Elvis, Vile, Vim, Codewright,
2778 MultiEdit, SlickEdit, Bash, Ksh, Tcsh, Zsh, BBEdit and BBEdit Lite, Alpha
2780 =item Where can I get Perl macros for vi?
2782 =item Where can I get perl-mode for emacs?
2784 =item How can I use curses with Perl?
2786 =item How can I use X or Tk with Perl?
2788 =item How can I generate simple menus without using CGI or Tk?
2790 =item What is undump?
2792 =item How can I make my Perl program run faster?
2794 =item How can I make my Perl program take less memory?
2796 Don't slurp!, Use map and grep selectively, Avoid unnecessary quotes and
2797 stringification, Pass by reference, Tie large variables to disk
2799 =item Is it unsafe to return a pointer to local data?
2801 =item How can I free an array or hash so my program shrinks?
2803 =item How can I make my CGI script more efficient?
2805 =item How can I hide the source for my Perl program?
2807 =item How can I compile my Perl program into byte code or C?
2809 =item How can I compile Perl into Java?
2811 =item How can I get C<#!perl> to work on [MS-DOS,NT,...]?
2813 =item Can I write useful Perl programs on the command line?
2815 =item Why don't Perl one-liners work on my DOS/Mac/VMS system?
2817 =item Where can I learn about CGI or Web programming in Perl?
2819 =item Where can I learn about object-oriented Perl programming?
2821 =item Where can I learn about linking C with Perl? [h2xs, xsubpp]
2823 =item I've read perlembed, perlguts, etc., but I can't embed perl in
2824 my C program; what am I doing wrong?
2826 =item When I tried to run my script, I got this message. What does it
2829 =item What's MakeMaker?
2833 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
2837 =head2 perlfaq4 - Data Manipulation ($Revision: 1.8 $, $Date: 2001/11/09
2848 =item Why am I getting long decimals (eg, 19.9499999999999) instead of the
2849 numbers I should be getting (eg, 19.95)?
2851 =item Why isn't my octal data interpreted correctly?
2853 =item Does Perl have a round() function? What about ceil() and floor()?
2856 =item How do I convert between numeric representations:
2858 B<How do I convert Hexadecimal into decimal:>, B<How do I convert from
2859 decimal to hexadecimal:>, B<How do I convert from octal to decimal:>, B<How
2860 do I convert from decimal to octal:>, B<How do I convert from binary to
2861 decimal:>, B<How do I convert from decimal to binary:>
2863 =item Why doesn't & work the way I want it to?
2865 =item How do I multiply matrices?
2867 =item How do I perform an operation on a series of integers?
2869 =item How can I output Roman numerals?
2871 =item Why aren't my random numbers random?
2879 =item How do I find the week-of-the-year/day-of-the-year?
2881 =item How do I find the current century or millennium?
2883 =item How can I compare two dates and find the difference?
2885 =item How can I take a string and turn it into epoch seconds?
2887 =item How can I find the Julian Day?
2889 =item How do I find yesterday's date?
2891 =item Does Perl have a Year 2000 problem? Is Perl Y2K compliant?
2899 =item How do I validate input?
2901 =item How do I unescape a string?
2903 =item How do I remove consecutive pairs of characters?
2905 =item How do I expand function calls in a string?
2907 =item How do I find matching/nesting anything?
2909 =item How do I reverse a string?
2911 =item How do I expand tabs in a string?
2913 =item How do I reformat a paragraph?
2915 =item How can I access/change the first N letters of a string?
2917 =item How do I change the Nth occurrence of something?
2919 =item How can I count the number of occurrences of a substring within a
2922 =item How do I capitalize all the words on one line?
2924 =item How can I split a [character] delimited string except when inside
2925 [character]? (Comma-separated files)
2927 =item How do I strip blank space from the beginning/end of a string?
2929 =item How do I pad a string with blanks or pad a number with zeroes?
2931 =item How do I extract selected columns from a string?
2933 =item How do I find the soundex value of a string?
2935 =item How can I expand variables in text strings?
2937 =item What's wrong with always quoting "$vars"?
2939 =item Why don't my <<HERE documents work?
2941 1. There must be no space after the << part, 2. There (probably) should be
2942 a semicolon at the end, 3. You can't (easily) have any space in front of
2951 =item What is the difference between a list and an array?
2953 =item What is the difference between $array[1] and @array[1]?
2955 =item How can I remove duplicate elements from a list or array?
2959 =item How can I tell whether a certain element is contained in a list or
2962 =item How do I compute the difference of two arrays? How do I compute the
2963 intersection of two arrays?
2965 =item How do I test whether two arrays or hashes are equal?
2967 =item How do I find the first array element for which a condition is true?
2969 =item How do I handle linked lists?
2971 =item How do I handle circular lists?
2973 =item How do I shuffle an array randomly?
2975 =item How do I process/modify each element of an array?
2977 =item How do I select a random element from an array?
2979 =item How do I permute N elements of a list?
2981 =item How do I sort an array by (anything)?
2983 =item How do I manipulate arrays of bits?
2985 =item Why does defined() return true on empty arrays and hashes?
2989 =item Data: Hashes (Associative Arrays)
2993 =item How do I process an entire hash?
2995 =item What happens if I add or remove keys from a hash while iterating over
2998 =item How do I look up a hash element by value?
3000 =item How can I know how many entries are in a hash?
3002 =item How do I sort a hash (optionally by value instead of key)?
3004 =item How can I always keep my hash sorted?
3006 =item What's the difference between "delete" and "undef" with hashes?
3008 =item Why don't my tied hashes make the defined/exists distinction?
3010 =item How do I reset an each() operation part-way through?
3012 =item How can I get the unique keys from two hashes?
3014 =item How can I store a multidimensional array in a DBM file?
3016 =item How can I make my hash remember the order I put elements into it?
3018 =item Why does passing a subroutine an undefined element in a hash create
3021 =item How can I make the Perl equivalent of a C structure/C++ class/hash or
3022 array of hashes or arrays?
3024 =item How can I use a reference as a hash key?
3032 =item How do I handle binary data correctly?
3034 =item How do I determine whether a scalar is a number/whole/integer/float?
3036 =item How do I keep persistent data across program calls?
3038 =item How do I print out or copy a recursive data structure?
3040 =item How do I define methods for every class/object?
3042 =item How do I verify a credit card checksum?
3044 =item How do I pack arrays of doubles or floats for XS code?
3048 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
3052 =head2 perlfaq5 - Files and Formats ($Revision: 1.4 $, $Date: 2001/11/09
3061 =item How do I flush/unbuffer an output filehandle? Why must I do this?
3063 =item How do I change one line in a file/delete a line in a file/insert a
3064 line in the middle of a file/append to the beginning of a file?
3066 =item How do I count the number of lines in a file?
3068 =item How do I make a temporary file name?
3070 =item How can I manipulate fixed-record-length files?
3072 =item How can I make a filehandle local to a subroutine? How do I pass
3073 filehandles between subroutines? How do I make an array of filehandles?
3075 =item How can I use a filehandle indirectly?
3077 =item How can I set up a footer format to be used with write()?
3079 =item How can I write() into a string?
3081 =item How can I output my numbers with commas added?
3083 =item How can I translate tildes (~) in a filename?
3085 =item How come when I open a file read-write it wipes it out?
3087 =item Why do I sometimes get an "Argument list too long" when I use <*>?
3089 =item Is there a leak/bug in glob()?
3091 =item How can I open a file with a leading ">" or trailing blanks?
3093 =item How can I reliably rename a file?
3095 =item How can I lock a file?
3097 =item Why can't I just open(FH, ">file.lock")?
3099 =item I still don't get locking. I just want to increment the number in
3100 the file. How can I do this?
3102 =item All I want to do is append a small amount of text to the end of a
3103 file. Do I still have to use locking?
3105 =item How do I randomly update a binary file?
3107 =item How do I get a file's timestamp in perl?
3109 =item How do I set a file's timestamp in perl?
3111 =item How do I print to more than one file at once?
3113 =item How can I read in an entire file all at once?
3115 =item How can I read in a file by paragraphs?
3117 =item How can I read a single character from a file? From the keyboard?
3119 =item How can I tell whether there's a character waiting on a filehandle?
3121 =item How do I do a C<tail -f> in perl?
3123 =item How do I dup() a filehandle in Perl?
3125 =item How do I close a file descriptor by number?
3127 =item Why can't I use "C:\temp\foo" in DOS paths? What doesn't
3128 `C:\temp\foo.exe` work?
3130 =item Why doesn't glob("*.*") get all the files?
3132 =item Why does Perl let me delete read-only files? Why does C<-i> clobber
3133 protected files? Isn't this a bug in Perl?
3135 =item How do I select a random line from a file?
3137 =item Why do I get weird spaces when I print an array of lines?
3141 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
3145 =head2 perlfaq6 - Regexes ($Revision: 1.4 $, $Date: 2001/11/09 08:06:04 $)
3153 =item How can I hope to use regular expressions without creating illegible
3154 and unmaintainable code?
3156 Comments Outside the Regex, Comments Inside the Regex, Different Delimiters
3158 =item I'm having trouble matching over more than one line. What's wrong?
3160 =item How can I pull out lines between two patterns that are themselves on
3163 =item I put a regular expression into $/ but it didn't work. What's wrong?
3165 =item How do I substitute case insensitively on the LHS while preserving
3168 =item How can I make C<\w> match national character sets?
3170 =item How can I match a locale-smart version of C</[a-zA-Z]/>?
3172 =item How can I quote a variable to use in a regex?
3174 =item What is C</o> really for?
3176 =item How do I use a regular expression to strip C style comments from a
3179 =item Can I use Perl regular expressions to match balanced text?
3181 =item What does it mean that regexes are greedy? How can I get around it?
3183 =item How do I process each word on each line?
3185 =item How can I print out a word-frequency or line-frequency summary?
3187 =item How can I do approximate matching?
3189 =item How do I efficiently match many regular expressions at once?
3191 =item Why don't word-boundary searches with C<\b> work for me?
3193 =item Why does using $&, $`, or $' slow my program down?
3195 =item What good is C<\G> in a regular expression?
3197 =item Are Perl regexes DFAs or NFAs? Are they POSIX compliant?
3199 =item What's wrong with using grep or map in a void context?
3201 =item How can I match strings with multibyte characters?
3203 =item How do I match a pattern that is supplied by the user?
3207 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
3211 =head2 perlfaq7 - Perl Language Issues ($Revision: 1.4 $, $Date: 2001/11/07
3220 =item Can I get a BNF/yacc/RE for the Perl language?
3222 =item What are all these $@%&* punctuation signs, and how do I know when to
3225 =item Do I always/never have to quote my strings or use semicolons and
3228 =item How do I skip some return values?
3230 =item How do I temporarily block warnings?
3232 =item What's an extension?
3234 =item Why do Perl operators have different precedence than C operators?
3236 =item How do I declare/create a structure?
3238 =item How do I create a module?
3240 =item How do I create a class?
3242 =item How can I tell if a variable is tainted?
3244 =item What's a closure?
3246 =item What is variable suicide and how can I prevent it?
3248 =item How can I pass/return a {Function, FileHandle, Array, Hash, Method,
3251 Passing Variables and Functions, Passing Filehandles, Passing Regexes,
3254 =item How do I create a static variable?
3256 =item What's the difference between dynamic and lexical (static) scoping?
3257 Between local() and my()?
3259 =item How can I access a dynamic variable while a similarly named lexical
3262 =item What's the difference between deep and shallow binding?
3264 =item Why doesn't "my($foo) = <FILE>;" work right?
3266 =item How do I redefine a builtin function, operator, or method?
3268 =item What's the difference between calling a function as &foo and foo()?
3270 =item How do I create a switch or case statement?
3272 =item How can I catch accesses to undefined variables/functions/methods?
3274 =item Why can't a method included in this same file be found?
3276 =item How can I find out my current package?
3278 =item How can I comment out a large block of perl code?
3280 =item How do I clear a package?
3282 =item How can I use a variable as a variable name?
3286 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
3290 =head2 perlfaq8 - System Interaction ($Revision: 1.4 $, $Date: 2001/11/09
3299 =item How do I find out which operating system I'm running under?
3301 =item How come exec() doesn't return?
3303 =item How do I do fancy stuff with the keyboard/screen/mouse?
3305 Keyboard, Screen, Mouse
3307 =item How do I print something out in color?
3309 =item How do I read just one key without waiting for a return key?
3311 =item How do I check whether input is ready on the keyboard?
3313 =item How do I clear the screen?
3315 =item How do I get the screen size?
3317 =item How do I ask the user for a password?
3319 =item How do I read and write the serial port?
3321 lockfiles, open mode, end of line, flushing output, non-blocking input
3323 =item How do I decode encrypted password files?
3325 =item How do I start a process in the background?
3327 STDIN, STDOUT, and STDERR are shared, Signals, Zombies
3329 =item How do I trap control characters/signals?
3331 =item How do I modify the shadow password file on a Unix system?
3333 =item How do I set the time and date?
3335 =item How can I sleep() or alarm() for under a second?
3337 =item How can I measure time under a second?
3339 =item How can I do an atexit() or setjmp()/longjmp()? (Exception handling)
3341 =item Why doesn't my sockets program work under System V (Solaris)? What
3342 does the error message "Protocol not supported" mean?
3344 =item How can I call my system's unique C functions from Perl?
3346 =item Where do I get the include files to do ioctl() or syscall()?
3348 =item Why do setuid perl scripts complain about kernel problems?
3350 =item How can I open a pipe both to and from a command?
3352 =item Why can't I get the output of a command with system()?
3354 =item How can I capture STDERR from an external command?
3356 =item Why doesn't open() return an error when a pipe open fails?
3358 =item What's wrong with using backticks in a void context?
3360 =item How can I call backticks without shell processing?
3362 =item Why can't my script read from STDIN after I gave it EOF (^D on Unix,
3365 =item How can I convert my shell script to perl?
3367 =item Can I use perl to run a telnet or ftp session?
3369 =item How can I write expect in Perl?
3371 =item Is there a way to hide perl's command line from programs such as
3374 =item I {changed directory, modified my environment} in a perl script. How
3375 come the change disappeared when I exited the script? How do I get my
3376 changes to be visible?
3380 =item How do I close a process's filehandle without waiting for it to
3383 =item How do I fork a daemon process?
3385 =item How do I find out if I'm running interactively or not?
3387 =item How do I timeout a slow event?
3389 =item How do I set CPU limits?
3391 =item How do I avoid zombies on a Unix system?
3393 =item How do I use an SQL database?
3395 =item How do I make a system() exit on control-C?
3397 =item How do I open a file without blocking?
3399 =item How do I install a module from CPAN?
3401 =item What's the difference between require and use?
3403 =item How do I keep my own module/library directory?
3405 =item How do I add the directory my program lives in to the module/library
3408 =item How do I add a directory to my include path at runtime?
3410 =item What is socket.ph and where do I get it?
3414 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
3418 =head2 perlfaq9 - Networking ($Revision: 1.5 $, $Date: 2001/11/09 08:06:04
3427 =item What is the correct form of response from a CGI script?
3429 =item My CGI script runs from the command line but not the browser. (500
3432 =item How can I get better error messages from a CGI program?
3434 =item How do I remove HTML from a string?
3436 =item How do I extract URLs?
3438 =item How do I download a file from the user's machine? How do I open a
3439 file on another machine?
3441 =item How do I make a pop-up menu in HTML?
3443 =item How do I fetch an HTML file?
3445 =item How do I automate an HTML form submission?
3447 =item How do I decode or create those %-encodings on the web?
3449 =item How do I redirect to another page?
3451 =item How do I put a password on my web pages?
3453 =item How do I edit my .htpasswd and .htgroup files with Perl?
3455 =item How do I make sure users can't enter values into a form that cause my
3456 CGI script to do bad things?
3458 =item How do I parse a mail header?
3460 =item How do I decode a CGI form?
3462 =item How do I check a valid mail address?
3464 =item How do I decode a MIME/BASE64 string?
3466 =item How do I return the user's mail address?
3468 =item How do I send mail?
3470 =item How do I use MIME to make an attachment to a mail message?
3472 =item How do I read mail?
3474 =item How do I find out my hostname/domainname/IP address?
3476 =item How do I fetch a news article or the active newsgroups?
3478 =item How do I fetch/put an FTP file?
3480 =item How can I do RPC in Perl?
3484 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
3488 =head2 perlcompile - Introduction to the Perl Compiler-Translator
3498 B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Lint, B::Deparse, B::Xref
3502 =item Using The Back Ends
3506 =item The Cross Referencing Back End
3510 =item The Decompiling Back End
3512 =item The Lint Back End
3514 =item The Simple C Back End
3516 =item The Bytecode Back End
3518 =item The Optimized C Back End
3520 B, O, B::Asmdata, B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC,
3521 B::Debug, B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex, B::Stackobj,
3522 B::Stash, B::Terse, B::Xref
3526 =item KNOWN PROBLEMS
3532 =head2 perlembed - how to embed perl in your C program
3542 B<Use C from Perl?>, B<Use a Unix program from Perl?>, B<Use Perl from
3543 Perl?>, B<Use C from C?>, B<Use Perl from C?>
3547 =item Compiling your C program
3549 =item Adding a Perl interpreter to your C program
3551 =item Calling a Perl subroutine from your C program
3553 =item Evaluating a Perl statement from your C program
3555 =item Performing Perl pattern matches and substitutions from your C program
3557 =item Fiddling with the Perl stack from your C program
3559 =item Maintaining a persistent interpreter
3561 =item Execution of END blocks
3563 =item Maintaining multiple interpreter instances
3565 =item Using Perl modules, which themselves use C libraries, from your C
3570 =item Embedding Perl under Win32
3580 =head2 perldebguts - Guts of Perl debugging
3586 =item Debugger Internals
3590 =item Writing Your Own Debugger
3594 =item Frame Listing Output Examples
3596 =item Debugging regular expressions
3600 =item Compile-time output
3602 C<anchored> I<STRING> C<at> I<POS>, C<floating> I<STRING> C<at>
3603 I<POS1..POS2>, C<matching floating/anchored>, C<minlen>, C<stclass>
3604 I<TYPE>, C<noscan>, C<isall>, C<GPOS>, C<plus>, C<implicit>, C<with eval>,
3607 =item Types of nodes
3609 =item Run-time output
3613 =item Debugging Perl memory usage
3617 =item Using C<$ENV{PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS}>
3619 C<buckets SMALLEST(APPROX)..GREATEST(APPROX)>, Free/Used, C<Total sbrk():
3620 SBRKed/SBRKs:CONTINUOUS>, C<pad: 0>, C<heads: 2192>, C<chain: 0>, C<tail:
3623 =item Example of using B<-DL> switch
3625 C<717>, C<002>, C<054>, C<602>, C<702>, C<704>
3627 =item B<-DL> details
3631 =item Limitations of B<-DL> statistics
3639 =head2 perlxstut, perlXStut - Tutorial for writing XSUBs
3651 =item Version caveat
3653 =item Dynamic Loading versus Static Loading
3665 =item What has gone on?
3667 =item Writing good test scripts
3671 =item What's new here?
3673 =item Input and Output Parameters
3675 =item The XSUBPP Program
3677 =item The TYPEMAP file
3679 =item Warning about Output Arguments
3683 =item What has happened here?
3685 =item Anatomy of .xs file
3687 =item Getting the fat out of XSUBs
3689 =item More about XSUB arguments
3691 =item The Argument Stack
3693 =item Extending your Extension
3695 =item Documenting your Extension
3697 =item Installing your Extension
3701 =item New Things in this Example
3705 =item New Things in this Example
3707 =item EXAMPLE 7 (Coming Soon)
3709 =item EXAMPLE 8 (Coming Soon)
3711 =item EXAMPLE 9 (Coming Soon)
3713 =item Troubleshooting these Examples
3729 =head2 perlxs - XS language reference manual
3741 =item The Anatomy of an XSUB
3743 =item The Argument Stack
3745 =item The RETVAL Variable
3747 =item The MODULE Keyword
3749 =item The PACKAGE Keyword
3751 =item The PREFIX Keyword
3753 =item The OUTPUT: Keyword
3755 =item The NO_OUTPUT Keyword
3757 =item The CODE: Keyword
3759 =item The INIT: Keyword
3761 =item The NO_INIT Keyword
3763 =item Initializing Function Parameters
3765 =item Default Parameter Values
3767 =item The PREINIT: Keyword
3769 =item The SCOPE: Keyword
3771 =item The INPUT: Keyword
3773 =item The IN/OUTLIST/IN_OUTLIST/OUT/IN_OUT Keywords
3775 =item Variable-length Parameter Lists
3777 =item The C_ARGS: Keyword
3779 =item The PPCODE: Keyword
3781 =item Returning Undef And Empty Lists
3783 =item The REQUIRE: Keyword
3785 =item The CLEANUP: Keyword
3787 =item The POSTCALL: Keyword
3789 =item The BOOT: Keyword
3791 =item The VERSIONCHECK: Keyword
3793 =item The PROTOTYPES: Keyword
3795 =item The PROTOTYPE: Keyword
3797 =item The ALIAS: Keyword
3799 =item The INTERFACE: Keyword
3801 =item The INTERFACE_MACRO: Keyword
3803 =item The INCLUDE: Keyword
3805 =item The CASE: Keyword
3807 =item The & Unary Operator
3809 =item Inserting POD, Comments and C Preprocessor Directives
3811 =item Using XS With C++
3813 =item Interface Strategy
3815 =item Perl Objects And C Structures
3819 =item Safely Storing Static Data in XS
3821 MY_CXT_KEY, typedef my_cxt_t, START_MY_CXT, MY_CXT_INIT, dMY_CXT, MY_CXT
3833 =head2 perlclib - Internal replacements for standard C library functions
3843 C<t>, C<p>, C<n>, C<s>
3845 =item File Operations
3847 =item File Input and Output
3849 =item File Positioning
3851 =item Memory Management and String Handling
3853 =item Character Class Tests
3855 =item F<stdlib.h> functions
3857 =item Miscellaneous functions
3865 =head2 perlguts - Introduction to the Perl API
3877 =item What is an "IV"?
3879 =item Working with SVs
3883 =item What's Really Stored in an SV?
3885 =item Working with AVs
3887 =item Working with HVs
3889 =item Hash API Extensions
3893 =item Blessed References and Class Objects
3895 =item Creating New Variables
3897 =item Reference Counts and Mortality
3899 =item Stashes and Globs
3901 =item Double-Typed SVs
3903 =item Magic Variables
3905 =item Assigning Magic
3907 =item Magic Virtual Tables
3911 =item Understanding the Magic of Tied Hashes and Arrays
3913 =item Localizing changes
3915 C<SAVEINT(int i)>, C<SAVEIV(IV i)>, C<SAVEI32(I32 i)>, C<SAVELONG(long i)>,
3916 C<SAVESPTR(s)>, C<SAVEPPTR(p)>, C<SAVEFREESV(SV *sv)>, C<SAVEMORTALIZESV(SV
3917 *sv)>, C<SAVEFREEOP(OP *op)>, C<SAVEFREEPV(p)>, C<SAVECLEARSV(SV *sv)>,
3918 C<SAVEDELETE(HV *hv, char *key, I32 length)>,
3919 C<SAVEDESTRUCTOR(DESTRUCTORFUNC_NOCONTEXT_t f, void *p)>,
3920 C<SAVEDESTRUCTOR_X(DESTRUCTORFUNC_t f, void *p)>, C<SAVESTACK_POS()>, C<SV*
3921 save_scalar(GV *gv)>, C<AV* save_ary(GV *gv)>, C<HV* save_hash(GV *gv)>,
3922 C<void save_item(SV *item)>, C<void save_list(SV **sarg, I32 maxsarg)>,
3923 C<SV* save_svref(SV **sptr)>, C<void save_aptr(AV **aptr)>, C<void
3924 save_hptr(HV **hptr)>
3932 =item XSUBs and the Argument Stack
3934 =item Calling Perl Routines from within C Programs
3936 =item Memory Allocation
3940 =item Putting a C value on Perl stack
3944 =item Scratchpads and recursion
3954 =item Examining the tree
3956 =item Compile pass 1: check routines
3958 =item Compile pass 1a: constant folding
3960 =item Compile pass 2: context propagation
3962 =item Compile pass 3: peephole optimization
3964 =item Pluggable runops
3968 =item Examining internal data structures with the C<dump> functions
3970 =item How multiple interpreters and concurrency are supported
3974 =item Background and PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
3976 =item So what happened to dTHR?
3978 =item How do I use all this in extensions?
3980 =item Should I do anything special if I call perl from multiple threads?
3982 =item Future Plans and PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
3986 =item Internal Functions
3988 A, p, d, s, n, r, f, M, o, j, x
3992 =item Formatted Printing of IVs, UVs, and NVs
3994 =item Pointer-To-Integer and Integer-To-Pointer
3996 =item Source Documentation
4000 =item Unicode Support
4004 =item What B<is> Unicode, anyway?
4006 =item How can I recognise a UTF8 string?
4008 =item How does UTF8 represent Unicode characters?
4010 =item How does Perl store UTF8 strings?
4012 =item How do I convert a string to UTF8?
4014 =item Is there anything else I need to know?
4018 =item Custom Operators
4026 =head2 perlcall - Perl calling conventions from C
4032 An Error Handler, An Event Driven Program
4034 =item THE CALL_ FUNCTIONS
4036 call_sv, call_pv, call_method, call_argv
4056 =item Determining the Context
4060 =item KNOWN PROBLEMS
4066 =item No Parameters, Nothing returned
4068 =item Passing Parameters
4070 =item Returning a Scalar
4072 =item Returning a list of values
4074 =item Returning a list in a scalar context
4076 =item Returning Data from Perl via the parameter list
4080 =item Using G_KEEPERR
4084 =item Using call_argv
4086 =item Using call_method
4090 =item Using Perl to dispose of temporaries
4092 =item Strategies for storing Callback Context Information
4094 1. Ignore the problem - Allow only 1 callback, 2. Create a sequence of
4095 callbacks - hard wired limit, 3. Use a parameter to map to the Perl
4098 =item Alternate Stack Manipulation
4100 =item Creating and calling an anonymous subroutine in C
4112 =head2 perlutil - utilities packaged with the Perl distribution
4122 L<perldoc|perldoc>, L<pod2man|pod2man> and L<pod2text|pod2text>,
4123 L<pod2html|pod2html> and L<pod2latex|pod2latex>, L<pod2usage|pod2usage>,
4124 L<podselect|podselect>, L<podchecker|podchecker>, L<splain|splain>,
4125 L<roffitall|roffitall>
4129 L<a2p|a2p>, L<s2p|s2p>, L<find2perl|find2perl>
4131 =item Administration
4133 L<libnetcfg|libnetcfg>
4137 L<perlbug|perlbug>, L<h2ph|h2ph>, L<c2ph|c2ph> and L<pstruct|pstruct>,
4138 L<h2xs|h2xs>, L<dprofpp|dprofpp>, L<perlcc|perlcc>
4146 =head2 perlfilter - Source Filters
4156 =item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER
4158 =item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN C
4160 B<Decryption Filters>
4162 =item CREATING A SOURCE FILTER AS A SEPARATE EXECUTABLE
4164 =item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN PERL
4166 =item USING CONTEXT: THE DEBUG FILTER
4178 =head2 perldbmfilter - Perl DBM Filters
4186 B<filter_store_key>, B<filter_store_value>, B<filter_fetch_key>,
4187 B<filter_fetch_value>
4193 =item An Example -- the NULL termination problem.
4195 =item Another Example -- Key is a C int.
4205 =head2 perlapi - autogenerated documentation for the perl public API
4211 AvFILL, av_clear, av_delete, av_exists, av_extend, av_fetch, av_fill,
4212 av_len, av_make, av_pop, av_push, av_shift, av_store, av_undef, av_unshift,
4213 ax, bytes_from_utf8, bytes_to_utf8, call_argv, call_method, call_pv,
4214 call_sv, CLASS, Copy, croak, CvSTASH, cv_const_sv, dAX, dITEMS, dMARK,
4215 dORIGMARK, dSP, dXSARGS, dXSI32, ENTER, eval_pv, eval_sv, EXTEND,
4216 fbm_compile, fbm_instr, FREETMPS, getcwd_sv, get_av, get_cv, get_hv,
4217 get_sv, GIMME, GIMME_V, grok_bin, grok_hex, grok_number,
4218 grok_numeric_radix, grok_oct, GvSV, gv_fetchmeth, gv_fetchmethod,
4219 gv_fetchmethod_autoload, gv_stashpv, gv_stashsv, G_ARRAY, G_DISCARD,
4220 G_EVAL, G_NOARGS, G_SCALAR, G_VOID, HEf_SVKEY, HeHASH, HeKEY, HeKLEN, HePV,
4221 HeSVKEY, HeSVKEY_force, HeSVKEY_set, HeVAL, HvNAME, hv_clear, hv_delete,
4222 hv_delete_ent, hv_exists, hv_exists_ent, hv_fetch, hv_fetch_ent,
4223 hv_iterinit, hv_iterkey, hv_iterkeysv, hv_iternext, hv_iternextsv,
4224 hv_iterval, hv_magic, hv_store, hv_store_ent, hv_undef, isALNUM, isALPHA,
4225 isDIGIT, isLOWER, isSPACE, isUPPER, is_utf8_char, is_utf8_string, items,
4226 ix, LEAVE, load_module, looks_like_number, MARK, mg_clear, mg_copy,
4227 mg_find, mg_free, mg_get, mg_length, mg_magical, mg_set, Move, New, newAV,
4228 Newc, newCONSTSUB, newHV, newRV_inc, newRV_noinc, NEWSV, newSV, newSViv,
4229 newSVnv, newSVpv, newSVpvf, newSVpvn, newSVpvn_share, newSVrv, newSVsv,
4230 newSVuv, newXS, newXSproto, Newz, new_vstring, Nullav, Nullch, Nullcv,
4231 Nullhv, Nullsv, ORIGMARK, perl_alloc, perl_clone, perl_construct,
4232 perl_destruct, perl_free, perl_parse, perl_run, PL_modglobal, PL_na,
4233 PL_sv_no, PL_sv_undef, PL_sv_yes, POPi, POPl, POPn, POPp, POPpbytex, POPpx,
4234 POPs, PUSHi, PUSHMARK, PUSHn, PUSHp, PUSHs, PUSHu, PUTBACK, Renew, Renewc,
4235 require_pv, RETVAL, Safefree, savepv, savepvn, SAVETMPS, scan_bin,
4236 scan_hex, scan_oct, sharedsv_find, sharedsv_init, sharedsv_lock,
4237 sharedsv_new, sharedsv_thrcnt_dec, sharedsv_thrcnt_inc, sharedsv_unlock,
4238 sortsv, SP, SPAGAIN, ST, strEQ, strGE, strGT, strLE, strLT, strNE, strnEQ,
4239 strnNE, StructCopy, SvCUR, SvCUR_set, SvEND, SvGETMAGIC, SvGROW, SvIOK,
4240 SvIOKp, SvIOK_notUV, SvIOK_off, SvIOK_on, SvIOK_only, SvIOK_only_UV,
4241 SvIOK_UV, SvIV, SvIVX, SvIVx, SvLEN, SvNIOK, SvNIOKp, SvNIOK_off, SvNOK,
4242 SvNOKp, SvNOK_off, SvNOK_on, SvNOK_only, SvNV, SvNVx, SvNVX, SvOK, SvOOK,
4243 SvPOK, SvPOKp, SvPOK_off, SvPOK_on, SvPOK_only, SvPOK_only_UTF8, SvPV,
4244 SvPVbyte, SvPVbytex, SvPVbytex_force, SvPVbyte_force, SvPVbyte_nolen,
4245 SvPVutf8, SvPVutf8x, SvPVutf8x_force, SvPVutf8_force, SvPVutf8_nolen,
4246 SvPVX, SvPVx, SvPV_force, SvPV_force_nomg, SvPV_nolen, SvREFCNT,
4247 SvREFCNT_dec, SvREFCNT_inc, SvROK, SvROK_off, SvROK_on, SvRV, SvSETMAGIC,
4248 SvSetMagicSV, SvSetMagicSV_nosteal, SvSetSV, SvSetSV_nosteal, SvSTASH,
4249 SvTAINT, SvTAINTED, SvTAINTED_off, SvTAINTED_on, SvTRUE, svtype, SvTYPE,
4250 SVt_IV, SVt_NV, SVt_PV, SVt_PVAV, SVt_PVCV, SVt_PVHV, SVt_PVMG, SvUOK,
4251 SvUPGRADE, SvUTF8, SvUTF8_off, SvUTF8_on, SvUV, SvUVx, SvUVX, sv_2bool,
4252 sv_2cv, sv_2io, sv_2iv, sv_2mortal, sv_2nv, sv_2pvbyte, sv_2pvbyte_nolen,
4253 sv_2pvutf8, sv_2pvutf8_nolen, sv_2pv_flags, sv_2pv_nolen, sv_2uv,
4254 sv_backoff, sv_bless, sv_catpv, sv_catpvf, sv_catpvf_mg, sv_catpvn,
4255 sv_catpvn_flags, sv_catpvn_mg, sv_catpv_mg, sv_catsv, sv_catsv_flags,
4256 sv_catsv_mg, sv_chop, sv_clear, sv_cmp, sv_cmp_locale, sv_collxfrm, sv_dec,
4257 sv_derived_from, sv_eq, sv_force_normal, sv_force_normal_flags, sv_free,
4258 sv_gets, sv_grow, sv_inc, sv_insert, sv_isa, sv_isobject, sv_iv, sv_len,
4259 sv_len_utf8, sv_magic, sv_mortalcopy, sv_newmortal, sv_newref, sv_nv,
4260 sv_pos_b2u, sv_pos_u2b, sv_pv, sv_pvbyte, sv_pvbyten, sv_pvbyten_force,
4261 sv_pvn, sv_pvn_force, sv_pvn_force_flags, sv_pvutf8, sv_pvutf8n,
4262 sv_pvutf8n_force, sv_recode_to_utf8, sv_reftype, sv_replace,
4263 sv_report_used, sv_reset, sv_rvweaken, sv_setiv, sv_setiv_mg, sv_setnv,
4264 sv_setnv_mg, sv_setpv, sv_setpvf, sv_setpvf_mg, sv_setpviv, sv_setpviv_mg,
4265 sv_setpvn, sv_setpvn_mg, sv_setpv_mg, sv_setref_iv, sv_setref_nv,
4266 sv_setref_pv, sv_setref_pvn, sv_setref_uv, sv_setsv, sv_setsv_flags,
4267 sv_setsv_mg, sv_setuv, sv_setuv_mg, sv_taint, sv_tainted, sv_true,
4268 sv_unmagic, sv_unref, sv_unref_flags, sv_untaint, sv_upgrade, sv_usepvn,
4269 sv_usepvn_mg, sv_utf8_decode, sv_utf8_downgrade, sv_utf8_encode,
4270 sv_utf8_upgrade, sv_utf8_upgrade_flags, sv_uv, sv_vcatpvfn, sv_vsetpvfn,
4271 THIS, toLOWER, toUPPER, to_utf8_case, utf8n_to_uvchr, utf8n_to_uvuni,
4272 utf8_distance, utf8_hop, utf8_length, utf8_to_bytes, utf8_to_uvchr,
4273 utf8_to_uvuni, uvchr_to_utf8, uvuni_to_utf8, warn, XPUSHi, XPUSHn, XPUSHp,
4274 XPUSHs, XPUSHu, XS, XSRETURN, XSRETURN_EMPTY, XSRETURN_IV, XSRETURN_NO,
4275 XSRETURN_NV, XSRETURN_PV, XSRETURN_UNDEF, XSRETURN_YES, XST_mIV, XST_mNO,
4276 XST_mNV, XST_mPV, XST_mUNDEF, XST_mYES, XS_VERSION, XS_VERSION_BOOTCHECK,
4285 =head2 perlintern - autogenerated documentation of purely B<internal>
4292 djSP, is_gv_magical, LVRET, PL_DBsingle, PL_DBsub, PL_DBtrace, PL_dowarn,
4293 PL_last_in_gv, PL_ofs_sv, PL_rs, report_uninit, start_glob, sv_add_arena,
4294 sv_clean_all, sv_clean_objs, sv_free_arenas
4302 =head2 perliol - C API for Perl's implementation of IO in Layers.
4312 =item History and Background
4314 =item Layers vs Disciplines
4316 =item Data Structures
4318 =item Functions and Attributes
4320 =item Per-instance Data
4322 =item Layers in action.
4324 =item Per-instance flag bits
4326 PERLIO_F_EOF, PERLIO_F_CANWRITE, PERLIO_F_CANREAD, PERLIO_F_ERROR,
4327 PERLIO_F_TRUNCATE, PERLIO_F_APPEND, PERLIO_F_CRLF, PERLIO_F_UTF8,
4328 PERLIO_F_UNBUF, PERLIO_F_WRBUF, PERLIO_F_RDBUF, PERLIO_F_LINEBUF,
4329 PERLIO_F_TEMP, PERLIO_F_OPEN, PERLIO_F_FASTGETS
4331 =item Methods in Detail
4333 IV (*Pushed)(PerlIO *f,const char *mode, SV *arg);, IV
4334 (*Popped)(PerlIO *f);, PerlIO * (*Open)(...);, SV *
4335 (*Getarg)(PerlIO *f);, IV (*Fileno)(PerlIO *f);, SSize_t
4336 (*Read)(PerlIO *f, void *vbuf, Size_t count);, SSize_t (*Unread)(PerlIO
4337 *f, const void *vbuf, Size_t count);, SSize_t (*Write)(PerlIO *f, const
4338 void *vbuf, Size_t count);, IV (*Seek)(PerlIO *f, Off_t
4339 offset, int whence);, Off_t (*Tell)(PerlIO *f);, IV
4340 (*Close)(PerlIO *f);, IV (*Flush)(PerlIO *f);, IV
4341 (*Fill)(PerlIO *f);, IV (*Eof)(PerlIO *f);, IV
4342 (*Error)(PerlIO *f);, void (*Clearerr)(PerlIO *f);, void
4343 (*Setlinebuf)(PerlIO *f);, STDCHAR * (*Get_base)(PerlIO *f);,
4344 Size_t (*Get_bufsiz)(PerlIO *f);, STDCHAR *
4345 (*Get_ptr)(PerlIO *f);, SSize_t (*Get_cnt)(PerlIO *f);, void
4346 (*Set_ptrcnt)(PerlIO *f,STDCHAR *ptr,SSize_t cnt);
4350 "unix", "perlio", "stdio", "crlf", "mmap", "pending", "raw", "utf8"
4352 =item Extension Layers
4354 ":encoding", ":Scalar", ":Object" or ":Perl"
4360 =head2 perlapio - perl's IO abstraction interface.
4368 1. USE_STDIO, 2. USE_SFIO, 3. USE_PERLIO, B<PerlIO_stdin()>,
4369 B<PerlIO_stdout()>, B<PerlIO_stderr()>, B<PerlIO_open(path, mode)>,
4370 B<PerlIO_fdopen(fd,mode)>, B<PerlIO_reopen(path,mode,f)>,
4371 B<PerlIO_printf(f,fmt,...)>, B<PerlIO_vprintf(f,fmt,a)>,
4372 B<PerlIO_stdoutf(fmt,...)>, B<PerlIO_read(f,buf,count)>,
4373 B<PerlIO_write(f,buf,count)>, B<PerlIO_close(f)>, B<PerlIO_puts(f,s)>,
4374 B<PerlIO_putc(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_ungetc(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_getc(f)>,
4375 B<PerlIO_eof(f)>, B<PerlIO_error(f)>, B<PerlIO_fileno(f)>,
4376 B<PerlIO_clearerr(f)>, B<PerlIO_flush(f)>, B<PerlIO_seek(f,offset,whence)>,
4377 B<PerlIO_tell(f)>, B<PerlIO_getpos(f,p)>, B<PerlIO_setpos(f,p)>,
4378 B<PerlIO_rewind(f)>, B<PerlIO_tmpfile()>, B<PerlIO_setlinebuf(f)>
4382 =item Co-existence with stdio
4384 B<PerlIO_importFILE(f,flags)>, B<PerlIO_exportFILE(f,flags)>,
4385 B<PerlIO_findFILE(f)>, B<PerlIO_releaseFILE(p,f)>
4387 =item "Fast gets" Functions
4389 B<PerlIO_fast_gets(f)>, B<PerlIO_has_cntptr(f)>, B<PerlIO_get_cnt(f)>,
4390 B<PerlIO_get_ptr(f)>, B<PerlIO_set_ptrcnt(f,p,c)>, B<PerlIO_canset_cnt(f)>,
4391 B<PerlIO_set_cnt(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_has_base(f)>, B<PerlIO_get_base(f)>,
4392 B<PerlIO_get_bufsiz(f)>
4394 =item Other Functions
4396 PerlIO_apply_layers(f,mode,layers), PerlIO_binmode(f,ptype,imode,layers),
4397 'E<lt>' read, 'E<gt>' write, '+' read/write, PerlIO_debug(fmt,...)
4403 =head2 perltodo - Perl TO-DO List
4409 =item To do during 5.6.x
4413 =item Support for I/O disciplines
4415 =item Autoload bytes.pm
4417 =item Make "\u{XXXX}" et al work
4419 =item Create a char *sv_pvprintify(sv, STRLEN *lenp, UV flags)
4421 =item Overloadable regex assertions
4425 =item use Thread for iThreads
4427 =item make perl_clone optionally clone ops
4429 =item Work out exit/die semantics for threads
4431 =item Typed lexicals for compiler
4433 =item Compiler workarounds for Win32
4435 =item AUTOLOADing in the compiler
4437 =item Fixing comppadlist when compiling
4439 =item Cleaning up exported namespace
4441 =item Complete signal handling
4443 =item Out-of-source builds
4445 =item POSIX realtime support
4447 =item UNIX98 support
4451 =item Long double conversion
4455 =item Thread-safe regexes
4457 =item Arithmetic on non-Arabic numerals
4459 =item POSIX Unicode character classes
4461 =item Factoring out common suffices/prefices in regexps (trie optimization)
4463 =item Security audit shipped utilities
4465 =item Custom opcodes
4467 =item DLL Versioning
4469 =item Introduce @( and @)
4471 =item Floating point handling
4473 =item IV/UV preservation
4475 =item Replace pod2html with something using Pod::Parser
4477 =item Automate module testing on CPAN
4479 =item sendmsg and recvmsg
4481 =item Rewrite perlre documentation
4483 =item Convert example code to IO::Handle filehandles
4485 =item Document Win32 choices
4487 =item Check new modules
4489 =item Make roffitall find pods and libs itself
4493 =item To do at some point
4497 =item Remove regular expression recursion
4499 =item Memory leaks after failed eval
4501 =item pack "(stuff)*"
4503 =item bitfields in pack
4505 =item Cross compilation
4507 =item Perl preprocessor / macros
4509 =item Perl lexer in Perl
4511 =item Using POSIX calls internally
4513 =item -i rename file when changed
4515 =item All ARGV input should act like E<lt>E<gt>
4517 =item Support for rerunning debugger
4519 =item Test Suite for the Debugger
4521 =item my sub foo { }
4523 =item One-pass global destruction
4525 =item Rewrite regexp parser
4527 =item Cache recently used regexps
4529 =item Re-entrant functions
4531 =item Cross-compilation support
4533 =item Bit-shifting bitvectors
4535 =item debugger pragma
4537 =item use less pragma
4539 =item switch structures
4541 =item Cache eval tree
4545 =item Shrink opcode tables
4547 =item Optimize away @_
4549 =item Prototypes versus indirect objects
4553 =item Prototype method calls
4555 =item Return context prototype declarations
4559 =item Garbage collection
4563 =item pack/unpack tutorial
4565 =item Rewrite perldoc
4567 =item Install .3p manpages
4569 =item Unicode tutorial
4571 =item Update POSIX.pm for 1003.1-2
4573 =item Retargetable installation
4575 =item POSIX emulation on non-POSIX systems
4577 =item Rename Win32 headers
4579 =item Finish off lvalue functions
4581 =item Update sprintf documentation
4583 =item Use fchown/fchmod internally
4585 =item Make v-strings overloaded objects
4593 =item ref() in list context
4595 =item Make tr/// return histogram of characters in list context
4597 =item Compile to real threaded code
4599 =item Structured types
4601 =item Modifiable $1 et al.
4603 =item Procedural interfaces for IO::*, etc.
4607 =item Attach/detach debugger from running program
4609 =item Alternative RE syntax module
4613 =item foreach(reverse ...)
4615 =item Constant function cache
4617 =item Approximate regular expression matching
4625 =item Update guts documentation
4627 =item Add more tests
4629 =item Update auxiliary tools
4633 =item Recently done things
4637 =item Safe signal handling
4643 =item setitimer and getimiter
4645 =item Testing __DIE__ hook
4647 =item CPP equivalent in Perl
4649 =item Explicit switch statements
4657 =item perlcc to produce executable
4659 =item END blocks saved in compiled output
4661 =item Secure temporary file module
4663 =item Integrate Time::HiRes
4665 =item Turn Cwd into XS
4667 =item Mmap for input
4669 =item Byte to/from UTF8 and UTF8 to/from local conversion
4671 =item Add sockatmark support
4673 =item Mailing list archives
4677 =item Integrate MacPerl
4679 =item Web "nerve center" for Perl
4681 =item Regular expression tutorial
4683 =item Debugging Tutorial
4685 =item Integrate new modules
4687 =item Integrate profiler
4689 =item Y2K error detection
4691 =item Regular expression debugger
4695 =item "Dynamic" lexicals
4697 =item Cache precompiled modules
4701 =item Deprecated Wishes
4705 =item Loop control on do{}
4707 =item Lexically scoped typeglobs
4713 =item Generalised want()/caller())
4715 =item Named prototypes
4717 =item Built-in globbing
4719 =item Regression tests for suidperl
4721 =item Cached hash values
4723 =item Add compression modules
4725 =item Reorganise documentation into tutorials/references
4727 =item Remove distinction between functions and operators
4729 =item Make XS easier to use
4731 =item Make embedding easier to use
4735 =item my $Package::variable
4737 =item "or" tests defined, not truth
4739 =item "class"-based lexicals
4743 =item Lazy evaluation / tail recursion removal
4745 =item Make "use utf8" the default
4747 =item Unicode collation and normalization
4749 =item Create debugging macros
4755 =head2 perlhack - How to hack at the Perl internals
4761 Does concept match the general goals of Perl?, Where is the
4762 implementation?, Backwards compatibility, Could it be a module instead?, Is
4763 the feature generic enough?, Does it potentially introduce new bugs?, Does
4764 it preclude other desirable features?, Is the implementation robust?, Is
4765 the implementation generic enough to be portable?, Is there enough
4766 documentation?, Is there another way to do it?, Does it create too much
4767 work?, Patches speak louder than words
4771 =item Keeping in sync
4773 rsync'ing the source tree, Using rsync over the LAN, Using pushing over the
4774 NFS, rsync'ing the patches
4776 =item Why rsync the source tree
4778 It's easier to rsync the source tree, It's more recent, It's more reliable
4780 =item Why rsync the patches
4782 It's easier to rsync the patches, It's a good reference, Finding a start
4783 point, Finding how to fix a bug, Finding the source of misbehaviour
4785 =item Perlbug remote interface
4787 1 http://bugs.perl.org, 2 bugdb@perl.org, 3
4788 commands_and_bugdids@bugs.perl.org, notes, patches, tests
4790 =item Submitting patches
4792 L<perlguts>, L<perlxstut> and L<perlxs>, L<perlapi>,
4793 F<Porting/pumpkin.pod>, The perl5-porters FAQ
4795 =item Finding Your Way Around
4797 Core modules, Tests, Documentation, Configure, Interpreter
4799 =item Elements of the interpreter
4801 Startup, Parsing, Optimization, Running
4803 =item Internal Variable Types
4809 Argument stack, Mark stack, Save stack
4811 =item Millions of Macros
4813 =item Poking at Perl
4815 =item Using a source-level debugger
4817 run [args], break function_name, break source.c:xxx, step, next, continue,
4818 finish, 'enter', print
4820 =item Dumping Perl Data Structures
4824 =item Patching a core module
4826 =item Adding a new function to the core
4828 =item Writing a test
4830 F<t/base/>, F<t/cmd/>, F<t/comp/>, F<t/io/>, F<t/lib/>, F<t/op/>,
4831 F<t/pod/>, F<t/run/>, t/base t/comp, t/cmd t/run t/io t/op, t/lib ext lib
4835 =item EXTERNAL TOOLS FOR DEBUGGING PERL
4839 =item Rational Software's Purify
4841 =item Purify on Unix
4843 -Accflags=-DPURIFY, -Doptimize='-g', -Uusemymalloc, -Dusemultiplicity
4847 DEFINES, USE_MULTI = define, #PERL_MALLOC = define, CFG = Debug
4849 =item Compaq's/Digital's Third Degree
4851 =item PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL
4855 =item Gprof Profiling
4857 -a, -b, -e routine, -f routine, -s, -z
4859 =item GCC gcov Profiling
4861 =item Pixie Profiling
4863 -h, -l, -p[rocedures], -h[eavy], -i[nvocations], -l[ines], -testcoverage,
4868 I<The Road goes ever on and on, down from the door where it began.>
4876 =head2 perlhist - the Perl history records
4884 =item THE KEEPERS OF THE PUMPKIN
4896 =item SELECTED RELEASE SIZES
4898 =item SELECTED PATCH SIZES
4902 =item THE KEEPERS OF THE RECORDS
4906 =head2 perldelta - what will be new for perl v5.8.0
4912 =item Reporting Bugs
4920 =head2 perl572delta - what's new for perl v5.7.2
4926 =item Security Vulnerability Closed
4928 =item Incompatible Changes
4932 =item 64-bit platforms and malloc
4934 =item AIX Dynaloading
4936 =item Socket Extension Dynamic in VMS
4938 =item Different Definition of the Unicode Character Classes \p{In...}
4944 =item Core Enhancements
4946 =item Modules and Pragmata
4950 =item New Modules and Distributions
4952 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
4956 =item Utility Changes
4958 =item New Documentation
4960 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
4964 =item New Or Improved Platforms
4966 =item Generic Improvements
4970 =item Selected Bug Fixes
4974 =item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
4978 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
4980 =item Source Code Enhancements
4984 =item MAGIC constants
4986 =item Better commented code
4988 =item Regex pre-/post-compilation items matched up
4996 =item Known Problems
5002 =item Amiga Perl Invoking Mystery
5004 =item lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
5006 =item Cygwin intermittent failures of lib/Memoize/t/expire_file 11 and 12
5008 =item HP-UX lib/io_multihomed Fails When LP64-Configured
5010 =item HP-UX lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails When LP64-Configured
5012 =item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
5016 =item op/sprintf tests 129 and 130
5018 =item Failure of Thread tests
5028 =item Localising a Tied Variable Leaks Memory
5030 =item Self-tying of Arrays and Hashes Is Forbidden
5032 =item Variable Attributes are not Currently Usable for Tieing
5034 =item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
5036 =item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental
5038 =item The Long Double Support is Still Experimental
5042 =item Reporting Bugs
5050 =head2 perl571delta - what's new for perl v5.7.1
5056 =item Security Vulnerability Closed
5058 =item Incompatible Changes
5060 =item Core Enhancements
5064 =item AUTOLOAD Is Now Lvaluable
5066 =item PerlIO is Now The Default
5068 =item Signals Are Now Safe
5072 =item Modules and Pragmata
5078 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
5082 =item Performance Enhancements
5084 =item Utility Changes
5086 =item New Documentation
5102 =item README.solaris
5106 =item Porting/repository.pod
5110 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
5114 =item New Or Improved Platforms
5116 =item Generic Improvements
5118 d_cmsghdr, d_fcntl_can_lock, d_fsync, d_getitimer, d_getpagsz, d_msghdr_s,
5119 need_va_copy, d_readv, d_recvmsg, d_sendmsg, sig_size, d_sockatmark,
5120 d_strtoq, d_u32align, d_ualarm, d_usleep
5124 =item Selected Bug Fixes
5128 =item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
5132 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
5134 =item Changed Internals
5138 =item Known Problems
5142 =item AIX vac 5.0.0.0 May Produce Buggy Code For Perl
5144 =item lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
5146 =item lib/io_multihomed Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
5148 =item Test lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
5152 =item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
5154 =item sigaction test 13 in VMS
5156 =item sprintf tests 129 and 130
5158 =item Failure of Thread tests
5160 =item Localising a Tied Variable Leaks Memory
5162 =item Self-tying of Arrays and Hashes Is Forbidden
5164 =item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
5166 =item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental
5170 =item Reporting Bugs
5178 =head2 perl570delta - what's new for perl v5.7.0
5184 =item Security Vulnerability Closed
5186 =item Incompatible Changes
5188 =item Core Enhancements
5190 =item Modules and Pragmata
5196 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
5200 =item Utility Changes
5202 =item New Documentation
5204 =item Performance Enhancements
5206 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
5210 =item Generic Improvements
5214 =item Selected Bug Fixes
5218 =item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
5222 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
5224 =item Changed Internals
5226 =item Known Problems
5230 =item Unicode Support Still Far From Perfect
5232 =item EBCDIC Still A Lost Platform
5234 =item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
5236 =item ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
5238 =item Test lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
5240 =item Long Doubles Still Don't Work In Solaris
5242 =item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
5244 =item Storable tests fail in some platforms
5246 =item Threads Are Still Experimental
5248 =item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental
5252 =item Reporting Bugs
5260 =head2 perl56delta, perldelta - what's new for perl v5.6.0
5266 =item Core Enhancements
5270 =item Interpreter cloning, threads, and concurrency
5272 =item Lexically scoped warning categories
5274 =item Unicode and UTF-8 support
5276 =item Support for interpolating named characters
5278 =item "our" declarations
5280 =item Support for strings represented as a vector of ordinals
5282 =item Improved Perl version numbering system
5284 =item New syntax for declaring subroutine attributes
5286 =item File and directory handles can be autovivified
5288 =item open() with more than two arguments
5290 =item 64-bit support
5292 =item Large file support
5298 =item Enhanced support for sort() subroutines
5300 =item C<sort $coderef @foo> allowed
5302 =item File globbing implemented internally
5304 =item Support for CHECK blocks
5306 =item POSIX character class syntax [: :] supported
5308 =item Better pseudo-random number generator
5310 =item Improved C<qw//> operator
5312 =item Better worst-case behavior of hashes
5314 =item pack() format 'Z' supported
5316 =item pack() format modifier '!' supported
5318 =item pack() and unpack() support counted strings
5320 =item Comments in pack() templates
5322 =item Weak references
5324 =item Binary numbers supported
5326 =item Lvalue subroutines
5328 =item Some arrows may be omitted in calls through references
5330 =item Boolean assignment operators are legal lvalues
5332 =item exists() is supported on subroutine names
5334 =item exists() and delete() are supported on array elements
5336 =item Pseudo-hashes work better
5338 =item Automatic flushing of output buffers
5340 =item Better diagnostics on meaningless filehandle operations
5342 =item Where possible, buffered data discarded from duped input filehandle
5344 =item eof() has the same old magic as <>
5346 =item binmode() can be used to set :crlf and :raw modes
5348 =item C<-T> filetest recognizes UTF-8 encoded files as "text"
5350 =item system(), backticks and pipe open now reflect exec() failure
5352 =item Improved diagnostics
5354 =item Diagnostics follow STDERR
5356 =item More consistent close-on-exec behavior
5358 =item syswrite() ease-of-use
5360 =item Better syntax checks on parenthesized unary operators
5362 =item Bit operators support full native integer width
5364 =item Improved security features
5366 =item More functional bareword prototype (*)
5368 =item C<require> and C<do> may be overridden
5370 =item $^X variables may now have names longer than one character
5372 =item New variable $^C reflects C<-c> switch
5374 =item New variable $^V contains Perl version as a string
5376 =item Optional Y2K warnings
5378 =item Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings
5382 =item Modules and Pragmata
5388 attributes, B, Benchmark, ByteLoader, constant, charnames, Data::Dumper,
5389 DB, DB_File, Devel::DProf, Devel::Peek, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, English,
5390 Env, Fcntl, File::Compare, File::Find, File::Glob, File::Spec,
5391 File::Spec::Functions, Getopt::Long, IO, JPL, lib, Math::BigInt,
5392 Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Pod::Parser, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Checker,
5393 podchecker, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Find, Pod::Select, podselect, Pod::Usage,
5394 pod2usage, Pod::Text and Pod::Man, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Sys::Hostname,
5395 Term::ANSIColor, Time::Local, Win32, XSLoader, DBM Filters
5401 =item Utility Changes
5415 =item The Perl Debugger
5419 =item Improved Documentation
5421 perlapi.pod, perlboot.pod, perlcompile.pod, perldbmfilter.pod,
5422 perldebug.pod, perldebguts.pod, perlfork.pod, perlfilter.pod, perlhack.pod,
5423 perlintern.pod, perllexwarn.pod, perlnumber.pod, perlopentut.pod,
5424 perlreftut.pod, perltootc.pod, perltodo.pod, perlunicode.pod
5426 =item Performance enhancements
5430 =item Simple sort() using { $a <=> $b } and the like are optimized
5432 =item Optimized assignments to lexical variables
5434 =item Faster subroutine calls
5436 =item delete(), each(), values() and hash iteration are faster
5440 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
5444 =item -Dusethreads means something different
5446 =item New Configure flags
5448 =item Threadedness and 64-bitness now more daring
5454 =item -Duselargefiles
5456 =item installusrbinperl
5462 =item Enhanced Installation Directories
5466 =item Platform specific changes
5470 =item Supported platforms
5474 =item OS390 (OpenEdition MVS)
5482 =item Significant bug fixes
5486 =item <HANDLE> on empty files
5488 =item C<eval '...'> improvements
5490 =item All compilation errors are true errors
5492 =item Implicitly closed filehandles are safer
5494 =item Behavior of list slices is more consistent
5496 =item C<(\$)> prototype and C<$foo{a}>
5498 =item C<goto &sub> and AUTOLOAD
5500 =item C<-bareword> allowed under C<use integer>
5502 =item Failures in DESTROY()
5504 =item Locale bugs fixed
5508 =item Spurious subroutine stubs after failed subroutine calls
5510 =item Taint failures under C<-U>
5512 =item END blocks and the C<-c> switch
5514 =item Potential to leak DATA filehandles
5518 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
5520 "%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same %s, "my sub" not yet
5521 implemented, "our" variable %s redeclared, '!' allowed only after types %s,
5522 / cannot take a count, / must be followed by a, A or Z, / must be followed
5523 by a*, A* or Z*, / must follow a numeric type, /%s/: Unrecognized escape
5524 \\%c passed through, /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c in character class
5525 passed through, /%s/ should probably be written as "%s", %s() called too
5526 early to check prototype, %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element, %s
5527 argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or slice, %s argument is not a
5528 subroutine name, %s package attribute may clash with future reserved word:
5529 %s, (in cleanup) %s, <> should be quotes, Attempt to join self, Bad evalled
5530 substitution pattern, Bad realloc() ignored, Bareword found in conditional,
5531 Binary number > 0b11111111111111111111111111111111 non-portable, Bit vector
5532 size > 32 non-portable, Buffer overflow in prime_env_iter: %s, Can't check
5533 filesystem of script "%s", Can't declare class for non-scalar %s in "%s",
5534 Can't declare %s in "%s", Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default,
5535 Can't modify non-lvalue subroutine call, Can't read CRTL environ, Can't
5536 remove %s: %s, skipping file, Can't return %s from lvalue subroutine, Can't
5537 weaken a nonreference, Character class [:%s:] unknown, Character class
5538 syntax [%s] belongs inside character classes, Constant is not %s reference,
5539 constant(%s): %s, CORE::%s is not a keyword, defined(@array) is deprecated,
5540 defined(%hash) is deprecated, Did not produce a valid header, (Did you mean
5541 "local" instead of "our"?), Document contains no data, entering effective
5542 %s failed, false [] range "%s" in regexp, Filehandle %s opened only for
5543 output, flock() on closed filehandle %s, Global symbol "%s" requires
5544 explicit package name, Hexadecimal number > 0xffffffff non-portable,
5545 Ill-formed CRTL environ value "%s", Ill-formed message in prime_env_iter:
5546 |%s|, Illegal binary digit %s, Illegal binary digit %s ignored, Illegal
5547 number of bits in vec, Integer overflow in %s number, Invalid %s attribute:
5548 %s, Invalid %s attributes: %s, invalid [] range "%s" in regexp, Invalid
5549 separator character %s in attribute list, Invalid separator character %s in
5550 subroutine attribute list, leaving effective %s failed, Lvalue subs
5551 returning %s not implemented yet, Method %s not permitted, Missing
5552 %sbrace%s on \N{}, Missing command in piped open, Missing name in "my sub",
5553 No %s specified for -%c, No package name allowed for variable %s in "our",
5554 No space allowed after -%c, no UTC offset information; assuming local time
5555 is UTC, Octal number > 037777777777 non-portable, panic: del_backref,
5556 panic: kid popen errno read, panic: magic_killbackrefs, Parentheses missing
5557 around "%s" list, Possible unintended interpolation of %s in string,
5558 Possible Y2K bug: %s, pragma "attrs" is deprecated, use "sub NAME : ATTRS"
5559 instead, Premature end of script headers, Repeat count in pack overflows,
5560 Repeat count in unpack overflows, realloc() of freed memory ignored,
5561 Reference is already weak, setpgrp can't take arguments, Strange *+?{} on
5562 zero-length expression, switching effective %s is not implemented, This
5563 Perl can't reset CRTL environ elements (%s), This Perl can't set CRTL
5564 environ elements (%s=%s), Too late to run %s block, Unknown open() mode
5565 '%s', Unknown process %x sent message to prime_env_iter: %s, Unrecognized
5566 escape \\%c passed through, Unterminated attribute parameter in attribute
5567 list, Unterminated attribute list, Unterminated attribute parameter in
5568 subroutine attribute list, Unterminated subroutine attribute list, Value of
5569 CLI symbol "%s" too long, Version number must be a constant number
5573 =item Incompatible Changes
5577 =item Perl Source Incompatibilities
5579 CHECK is a new keyword, Treatment of list slices of undef has changed,
5580 Format of $English::PERL_VERSION is different, Literals of the form
5581 C<1.2.3> parse differently, Possibly changed pseudo-random number
5582 generator, Hashing function for hash keys has changed, C<undef> fails on
5583 read only values, Close-on-exec bit may be set on pipe and socket handles,
5584 Writing C<"$$1"> to mean C<"${$}1"> is unsupported, delete(), each(),
5585 values() and C<\(%h)>, vec(EXPR,OFFSET,BITS) enforces powers-of-two BITS,
5586 Text of some diagnostic output has changed, C<%@> has been removed,
5587 Parenthesized not() behaves like a list operator, Semantics of bareword
5588 prototype C<(*)> have changed, Semantics of bit operators may have changed
5589 on 64-bit platforms, More builtins taint their results
5591 =item C Source Incompatibilities
5593 C<PERL_POLLUTE>, C<PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT>, C<PERL_POLLUTE_MALLOC>
5595 =item Compatible C Source API Changes
5597 C<PATCHLEVEL> is now C<PERL_VERSION>
5599 =item Binary Incompatibilities
5603 =item Known Problems
5607 =item Thread test failures
5609 =item EBCDIC platforms not supported
5611 =item In 64-bit HP-UX the lib/io_multihomed test may hang
5613 =item NEXTSTEP 3.3 POSIX test failure
5615 =item Tru64 (aka Digital UNIX, aka DEC OSF/1) lib/sdbm test failure with
5618 =item UNICOS/mk CC failures during Configure run
5620 =item Arrow operator and arrays
5622 =item Experimental features
5624 Threads, Unicode, 64-bit support, Lvalue subroutines, Weak references, The
5625 pseudo-hash data type, The Compiler suite, Internal implementation of file
5626 globbing, The DB module, The regular expression code constructs:
5630 =item Obsolete Diagnostics
5632 Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Ill-formed
5633 logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter, In string, @%s now must be written as
5634 \@%s, Probable precedence problem on %s, regexp too big, Use of "$$<digit>"
5635 to mean "${$}<digit>" is deprecated
5637 =item Reporting Bugs
5645 =head2 perl5005delta, perldelta - what's new for perl5.005
5651 =item About the new versioning system
5653 =item Incompatible Changes
5657 =item WARNING: This version is not binary compatible with Perl 5.004.
5659 =item Default installation structure has changed
5661 =item Perl Source Compatibility
5663 =item C Source Compatibility
5665 =item Binary Compatibility
5667 =item Security fixes may affect compatibility
5669 =item Relaxed new mandatory warnings introduced in 5.004
5683 =item Regular Expressions
5685 Many new and improved optimizations, Many bug fixes, New regular expression
5686 constructs, New operator for precompiled regular expressions, Other
5687 improvements, Incompatible changes
5689 =item Improved malloc()
5691 =item Quicksort is internally implemented
5693 =item Reliable signals
5695 =item Reliable stack pointers
5697 =item More generous treatment of carriage returns
5701 =item Better support for multiple interpreters
5703 =item Behavior of local() on array and hash elements is now well-defined
5705 =item C<%!> is transparently tied to the L<Errno> module
5707 =item Pseudo-hashes are supported
5709 =item C<EXPR foreach EXPR> is supported
5711 =item Keywords can be globally overridden
5713 =item C<$^E> is meaningful on Win32
5715 =item C<foreach (1..1000000)> optimized
5717 =item C<Foo::> can be used as implicitly quoted package name
5719 =item C<exists $Foo::{Bar::}> tests existence of a package
5721 =item Better locale support
5723 =item Experimental support for 64-bit platforms
5725 =item prototype() returns useful results on builtins
5727 =item Extended support for exception handling
5729 =item Re-blessing in DESTROY() supported for chaining DESTROY() methods
5731 =item All C<printf> format conversions are handled internally
5733 =item New C<INIT> keyword
5735 =item New C<lock> keyword
5737 =item New C<qr//> operator
5739 =item C<our> is now a reserved word
5741 =item Tied arrays are now fully supported
5743 =item Tied handles support is better
5745 =item 4th argument to substr
5747 =item Negative LENGTH argument to splice
5749 =item Magic lvalues are now more magical
5751 =item <> now reads in records
5755 =item Supported Platforms
5761 =item Changes in existing support
5765 =item Modules and Pragmata
5771 B, Data::Dumper, Dumpvalue, Errno, File::Spec, ExtUtils::Installed,
5772 ExtUtils::Packlist, Fatal, IPC::SysV, Test, Tie::Array, Tie::Handle,
5773 Thread, attrs, fields, re
5775 =item Changes in existing modules
5777 Benchmark, Carp, CGI, Fcntl, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, POSIX, DB_File,
5778 MakeMaker, CPAN, Cwd
5782 =item Utility Changes
5784 =item Documentation Changes
5786 =item New Diagnostics
5788 Ambiguous call resolved as CORE::%s(), qualify as such or use &, Bad index
5789 while coercing array into hash, Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent
5790 package, Can't call method "%s" on an undefined value, Can't check
5791 filesystem of script "%s" for nosuid, Can't coerce array into hash, Can't
5792 goto subroutine from an eval-string, Can't localize pseudo-hash element,
5793 Can't use %%! because Errno.pm is not available, Cannot find an opnumber
5794 for "%s", Character class syntax [. .] is reserved for future extensions,
5795 Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Character
5796 class syntax [= =] is reserved for future extensions, %s: Eval-group in
5797 insecure regular expression, %s: Eval-group not allowed, use re 'eval', %s:
5798 Eval-group not allowed at run time, Explicit blessing to '' (assuming
5799 package main), Illegal hex digit ignored, No such array field, No such
5800 field "%s" in variable %s of type %s, Out of memory during ridiculously
5801 large request, Range iterator outside integer range, Recursive inheritance
5802 detected while looking for method '%s' %s, Reference found where even-sized
5803 list expected, Undefined value assigned to typeglob, Use of reserved word
5804 "%s" is deprecated, perl: warning: Setting locale failed
5806 =item Obsolete Diagnostics
5808 Can't mktemp(), Can't write to temp file for B<-e>: %s, Cannot open
5809 temporary file, regexp too big
5811 =item Configuration Changes
5821 =head2 perl5004delta, perldelta - what's new for perl5.004
5827 =item Supported Environments
5833 =item List assignment to %ENV works
5835 =item Change to "Can't locate Foo.pm in @INC" error
5837 =item Compilation option: Binary compatibility with 5.003
5839 =item $PERL5OPT environment variable
5841 =item Limitations on B<-M>, B<-m>, and B<-T> options
5843 =item More precise warnings
5845 =item Deprecated: Inherited C<AUTOLOAD> for non-methods
5847 =item Previously deprecated %OVERLOAD is no longer usable
5849 =item Subroutine arguments created only when they're modified
5851 =item Group vector changeable with C<$)>
5853 =item Fixed parsing of $$<digit>, &$<digit>, etc.
5855 =item Fixed localization of $<digit>, $&, etc.
5857 =item No resetting of $. on implicit close
5859 =item C<wantarray> may return undef
5861 =item C<eval EXPR> determines value of EXPR in scalar context
5863 =item Changes to tainting checks
5865 No glob() or <*>, No spawning if tainted $CDPATH, $ENV, $BASH_ENV, No
5866 spawning if tainted $TERM doesn't look like a terminal name
5868 =item New Opcode module and revised Safe module
5870 =item Embedding improvements
5872 =item Internal change: FileHandle class based on IO::* classes
5874 =item Internal change: PerlIO abstraction interface
5876 =item New and changed syntax
5880 =item New and changed builtin constants
5884 =item New and changed builtin variables
5888 =item New and changed builtin functions
5890 delete on slices, flock, printf and sprintf, keys as an lvalue, my() in
5891 Control Structures, pack() and unpack(), sysseek(), use VERSION, use Module
5892 VERSION LIST, prototype(FUNCTION), srand, $_ as Default, C<m//gc> does not
5893 reset search position on failure, C<m//x> ignores whitespace before ?*+{},
5894 nested C<sub{}> closures work now, formats work right on changing lexicals
5896 =item New builtin methods
5898 isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] )
5900 =item TIEHANDLE now supported
5902 TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this, LIST, READ this
5903 LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, DESTROY this
5905 =item Malloc enhancements
5907 -DPERL_EMERGENCY_SBRK, -DPACK_MALLOC, -DTWO_POT_OPTIMIZE
5909 =item Miscellaneous efficiency enhancements
5913 =item Support for More Operating Systems
5929 use autouse MODULE => qw(sub1 sub2 sub3), use blib, use blib 'dir', use
5930 constant NAME => VALUE, use locale, use ops, use vmsish
5936 =item Required Updates
5938 =item Installation directories
5940 =item Module information summary
5954 =item Object-oriented overrides for builtin operators
5958 =item Utility Changes
5964 Sends converted HTML to standard output
5968 C<void> XSUBs now default to returning nothing
5972 =item C Language API Changes
5974 C<gv_fetchmethod> and C<perl_call_sv>, C<perl_eval_pv>, Extended API for
5977 =item Documentation Changes
5979 L<perldelta>, L<perlfaq>, L<perllocale>, L<perltoot>, L<perlapio>,
5980 L<perlmodlib>, L<perldebug>, L<perlsec>
5982 =item New Diagnostics
5984 "my" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same scope, %s argument is
5985 not a HASH element or slice, Allocation too large: %lx, Allocation too
5986 large, Applying %s to %s will act on scalar(%s), Attempt to free
5987 nonexistent shared string, Attempt to use reference as lvalue in substr,
5988 Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent package, Can't redefine active sort
5989 subroutine %s, Can't use bareword ("%s") as %s ref while "strict refs" in
5990 use, Cannot resolve method `%s' overloading `%s' in package `%s', Constant
5991 subroutine %s redefined, Constant subroutine %s undefined, Copy method did
5992 not return a reference, Died, Exiting pseudo-block via %s, Identifier too
5993 long, Illegal character %s (carriage return), Illegal switch in PERL5OPT:
5994 %s, Integer overflow in hex number, Integer overflow in octal number,
5995 internal error: glob failed, Invalid conversion in %s: "%s", Invalid type
5996 in pack: '%s', Invalid type in unpack: '%s', Name "%s::%s" used only once:
5997 possible typo, Null picture in formline, Offset outside string, Out of
5998 memory!, Out of memory during request for %s, panic: frexp, Possible
5999 attempt to put comments in qw() list, Possible attempt to separate words
6000 with commas, Scalar value @%s{%s} better written as $%s{%s}, Stub found
6001 while resolving method `%s' overloading `%s' in %s, Too late for "B<-T>"
6002 option, untie attempted while %d inner references still exist, Unrecognized
6003 character %s, Unsupported function fork, Use of "$$<digit>" to mean
6004 "${$}<digit>" is deprecated, Value of %s can be "0"; test with defined(),
6005 Variable "%s" may be unavailable, Variable "%s" will not stay shared,
6006 Warning: something's wrong, Ill-formed logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter,
6007 Got an error from DosAllocMem, Malformed PERLLIB_PREFIX, PERL_SH_DIR too
6008 long, Process terminated by SIG%s
6018 =head2 perlaix, README.aix - Perl version 5 on IBM Unix (AIX) systems
6026 =item Compiling Perl 5 on AIX
6030 =item Building Dynamic Extensions on AIX
6032 =item The IBM ANSI C Compiler
6034 =item Using GNU's gcc for building perl
6036 =item Using Large Files with Perl
6042 =item AIX 4.2 and extensions using C++ with statics
6052 =head2 perlapollo, README.apollo - Perl version 5 on Apollo DomainOS
6062 =head2 perlamiga - Perl under Amiga OS
6076 =item Prerequisites for Compiling Perl on AmigaOS
6078 B<Unix emulation for AmigaOS: ixemul.library>, B<Version of Amiga OS>
6080 =item Starting Perl programs under AmigaOS
6082 =item Shortcomings of Perl under AmigaOS
6088 =item Accessing documentation
6092 =item Manpages for Perl on AmigaOS
6094 =item Perl HTML Documentation on AmigaOS
6096 =item Perl GNU Info Files on AmigaOS
6098 =item Perl LaTeX Documentation on AmigaOS
6102 =item BUILDING PERL ON AMIGAOS
6106 =item Build Prerequisites for Perl on AmigaOS
6108 =item Getting the Perl Source for AmigaOS
6110 =item Making Perl on AmigaOS
6112 =item Testing Perl on AmigaOS
6114 =item Installing the built Perl on AmigaOS
6124 =head2 perlbeos, README.beos - Perl version 5 on BeOS
6132 =item General Issues with Perl on BeOS
6134 =item BeOS Release-specific Notes
6138 =item Contact Information
6144 =head2 perlbs2000, README.BS2000 - building and installing Perl for BS2000.
6154 =item gzip on BS2000
6156 =item bison on BS2000
6158 =item Unpacking Perl Distribution on BS2000
6160 =item Compiling Perl on BS2000
6162 =item Testing Perl on BS2000
6164 =item Installing Perl on BS2000
6166 =item Using Perl in the Posix-Shell of BS2000
6168 =item Using Perl in "native" BS2000
6170 =item Floating point anomalies on BS2000
6204 =item Acknowledgements
6210 =head2 perlcygwin, README.cygwin - Perl for Cygwin
6216 =item PREREQUISITES FOR COMPILING PERL ON CYGWIN
6220 =item Cygwin = GNU+Cygnus+Windows (Don't leave UNIX without it)
6222 =item Cygwin Configuration
6224 C<PATH>, I<nroff>, Permissions
6228 =item CONFIGURE PERL ON CYGWIN
6232 =item Stripping Perl Binaries on Cygwin
6234 =item Optional Libraries for Perl on Cygwin
6236 C<-lcrypt>, C<-lgdbm> (C<use GDBM_File>), C<-ldb> (C<use DB_File>),
6237 C<-lcygipc> (C<use IPC::SysV>)
6239 =item Configure-time Options for Perl on Cygwin
6241 C<-Uusedl>, C<-Uusemymalloc>, C<-Dusemultiplicity>, C<-Duseperlio>,
6242 C<-Duse64bitint>, C<-Duselongdouble>, C<-Dusethreads>, C<-Duselargefiles>
6244 =item Suspicious Warnings on Cygwin
6246 I<dlsym()>, Win9x and C<d_eofnblk>, Compiler/Preprocessor defines
6250 =item MAKE ON CYGWIN
6254 =item Warnings on Cygwin
6260 =item TEST ON CYGWIN
6264 =item File Permissions on Cygwin
6266 =item Hard Links on Cygwin
6268 =item Filetime Granularity on Cygwin
6270 =item Tainting Checks on Cygwin
6272 =item /etc/group on Cygwin
6274 =item Script Portability on Cygwin
6276 Pathnames, Text/Binary, F<.exe>, chown(), Miscellaneous
6280 =item INSTALL PERL ON CYGWIN
6282 =item MANIFEST ON CYGWIN
6284 Documentation, Build, Configure, Make, Install, Tests, Compiled Perl
6285 Source, Compiled Module Source, Perl Modules/Scripts
6287 =item BUGS ON CYGWIN
6295 =head2 perldgux - Perl under DG/UX.
6307 =item BUILDING PERL ON DG/UX
6311 =item Non-threaded Perl on DG/UX
6313 =item Threaded Perl on DG/UX
6315 =item Testing Perl on DG/UX
6317 =item Installing the built perl on DG/UX
6327 =head2 perldos - Perl under DOS, W31, W95.
6337 =item Prerequisites for Compiling Perl on DOS
6341 =item Shortcomings of Perl under DOS
6343 =item Building Perl on DOS
6345 =item Testing Perl on DOS
6347 =item Installation of Perl on DOS
6351 =item BUILDING AND INSTALLING MODULES ON DOS
6355 =item Building Prerequisites for Perl on DOS
6357 =item Unpacking CPAN Modules on DOS
6359 =item Building Non-XS Modules on DOS
6361 =item Building XS Modules on DOS
6371 =head2 perlepoc, README.epoc - Perl for EPOC
6379 =item INSTALLING PERL ON EPOC
6381 =item STARTING PERL ON EPOC
6383 =item STOPPING PERL ON EPOC
6385 =item USING PERL ON EPOC
6389 =item I/O Redirection on Epoc
6391 =item PATH Names on Epoc
6393 =item Editors on Epoc
6395 =item Features of Perl on Epoc
6397 =item Restrictions of Perl on Epoc
6399 =item Compiling Perl 5 on the EPOC cross compiling environment
6403 =item SUPPORT STATUS OF PERL ON EPOC
6411 =head2 perlhpux, README.hpux - Perl version 5 on Hewlett-Packard Unix
6420 =item Using perl as shipped with HP-UX
6422 =item Compiling Perl 5 on HP-UX
6434 =item Portability Between PA-RISC Versions
6436 =item Itanium Processor Family and HP-UX
6438 =item Building Dynamic Extensions on HP-UX
6440 =item The HP ANSI C Compiler
6442 =item Using Large Files with Perl on HP-UX
6444 =item Threaded Perl on HP-UX
6446 =item 64-bit Perl on HP-UX
6448 =item GDBM and Threads on HP-UX
6450 =item NFS filesystems and utime(2) on HP-UX
6452 =item perl -P and // and HP-UX
6454 =item HP-UX Kernel Parameters (maxdsiz) for Compiling Perl
6458 =item nss_delete core dump from op/pwent or op/grent
6466 =head2 perlhurd, README.hurd - Perl version 5 on Hurd
6474 =item Known Problems with Perl on Hurd
6482 =head2 perlmachten, README.machten - Perl version 5 on Power MachTen
6491 =item Compiling Perl 5 on MachTen
6493 =item Failures during C<make test> on MachTen
6495 op/lexassign.t, pragma/warnings.t
6497 =item Building external modules on MachTen
6507 =head2 perlmacos, README.macos - Perl under Mac OS (Classic)
6521 =head2 perlmint, README.mint - Perl version 5 on Atari MiNT
6527 =item Known problems with Perl on MiNT
6533 =head2 perlmpeix, README.mpeix - Perl/iX for HP e3000 MPE
6541 =item What's New in Perl for MPE/iX
6543 =item Welcome to Perl/iX
6545 =item System Requirements for Perl/iX
6547 =item How to Obtain Perl/iX
6549 =item Perl/iX Distribution Contents Highlights
6551 README, INSTALL, LIBSHP3K, PERL, .cpan/, lib/, man/,
6552 public_html/feedback.cgi, src/perl-5.6.0-mpe
6554 =item How to Compile Perl/iX
6558 =item Getting Started with Perl/iX
6560 =item MPE/iX Implementation Considerations
6562 =item Known Perl/iX Bugs Under Investigation
6564 =item Perl/iX To-Do List
6566 =item Perl/iX Change History
6582 Buildtype.bat, SetNWBld.bat, MPKBuild.bat
6594 =item Build new extensions
6598 =item Acknowledgements
6606 =head2 perlos2 - Perl under OS/2, DOS, Win0.3*, Win0.95 and WinNT.
6626 EMX, RSX, HPFS, pdksh
6628 =item Starting Perl programs under OS/2 (and DOS and...)
6630 =item Starting OS/2 (and DOS) programs under Perl
6634 =item Frequently asked questions
6638 =item "It does not work"
6640 =item I cannot run external programs
6642 =item I cannot embed perl into my program, or use F<perl.dll> from my
6645 Is your program EMX-compiled with C<-Zmt -Zcrtdll>?, Did you use
6648 =item C<``> and pipe-C<open> do not work under DOS.
6650 =item Cannot start C<find.exe "pattern" file>
6658 =item Automatic binary installation
6660 C<PERL_BADLANG>, C<PERL_BADFREE>, F<Config.pm>
6662 =item Manual binary installation
6664 Perl VIO and PM executables (dynamically linked), Perl_ VIO executable
6665 (statically linked), Executables for Perl utilities, Main Perl library,
6666 Additional Perl modules, Tools to compile Perl modules, Manpages for Perl
6667 and utilities, Manpages for Perl modules, Source for Perl documentation,
6668 Perl manual in F<.INF> format, Pdksh
6674 =item Accessing documentation
6678 =item OS/2 F<.INF> file
6686 =item GNU C<info> files
6698 =item The short story
6702 =item Getting perl source
6704 =item Application of the patches
6712 A lot of C<bad free>, Process terminated by SIGTERM/SIGINT, F<op/fs.t>,
6715 =item Installing the built perl
6717 =item C<a.out>-style build
6725 =item Some C</> became C<\> in pdksh.
6727 =item C<'errno'> - unresolved external
6729 =item Problems with tr or sed
6731 =item Some problem (forget which ;-)
6733 =item Library ... not found
6735 =item Segfault in make
6737 =item op/sprintf test failure
6741 =item Specific (mis)features of OS/2 port
6745 =item C<setpriority>, C<getpriority>
6749 =item C<extproc> on the first line
6751 =item Additional modules:
6753 =item Prebuilt methods:
6755 C<File::Copy::syscopy>, C<DynaLoader::mod2fname>, C<Cwd::current_drive()>,
6756 C<Cwd::sys_chdir(name)>, C<Cwd::change_drive(name)>,
6757 C<Cwd::sys_is_absolute(name)>, C<Cwd::sys_is_rooted(name)>,
6758 C<Cwd::sys_is_relative(name)>, C<Cwd::sys_cwd(name)>,
6759 C<Cwd::sys_abspath(name, dir)>, C<Cwd::extLibpath([type])>,
6760 C<Cwd::extLibpath_set( path [, type ] )>,
6761 C<OS2::Error(do_harderror,do_exception)>, C<OS2::Errors2Drive(drive)>,
6762 OS2::SysInfo(), OS2::BootDrive(), C<OS2::MorphPM(serve)>,
6763 C<OS2::UnMorphPM(serve)>, C<OS2::Serve_Messages(force)>,
6764 C<OS2::Process_Messages(force [, cnt])>, C<OS2::_control87(new,mask)>,
6765 OS2::get_control87(), C<OS2::set_control87_em(new=MCW_EM,mask=MCW_EM)>
6767 =item Prebuilt variables:
6769 $OS2::emx_rev, $OS2::emx_env, $OS2::os_ver
6775 C<popen>, C<tmpnam>, C<tmpfile>, C<ctermid>, C<stat>, C<mkdir>, C<rmdir>,
6778 =item Identifying DLLs
6780 =item Centralized management of resources
6796 =item F<perl___.exe>
6798 =item Why strange names?
6800 =item Why dynamic linking?
6802 =item Why chimera build?
6810 =item C<PERLLIB_PREFIX>
6812 =item C<PERL_BADLANG>
6814 =item C<PERL_BADFREE>
6816 =item C<PERL_SH_DIR>
6818 =item C<USE_PERL_FLOCK>
6820 =item C<TMP> or C<TEMP>
6830 =item DLL name mangling: pre 5.6.2
6832 =item DLL name mangling: 5.6.2 and beyond
6834 Global DLLs, specific DLLs, C<BEGINLIBPATH> and C<ENDLIBPATH>, F<.> from
6837 =item DLL forwarder generation
6841 =item Calls to external programs
6843 =item Memory allocation
6847 C<COND_WAIT>, F<os2.c>
6863 =head2 perlos390, README.os390 - building and installing Perl for OS/390.
6873 =item Unpacking Perl distribution on OS/390
6875 =item Setup and utilities for Perl on OS/390
6877 =item Configure Perl on OS/390
6879 =item Build, Test, Install Perl on OS/390
6881 =item Build Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
6883 =item Testing Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
6885 =item Installation Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
6887 =item Usage Hints for Perl on OS/390
6889 =item Floating Point Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
6891 =item Modules and Extensions for Perl on OS/390
6901 =item Mailing list for Perl on OS/390
6909 =head2 perlqnx, README.qnx - Perl version 5 on QNX
6917 =item Required Software for Compiling Perl on QNX4
6919 /bin/sh, ar, nm, cpp, make
6921 =item Outstanding Issues with Perl on QNX4
6923 =item QNX auxiliary files
6927 =item Outstanding issues with perl under QNX6
6935 =head2 perlplan9 - Plan 9-specific documentation for Perl
6945 =item What's in Plan 9 Perl
6947 =item What's not in Plan 9 Perl
6949 =item Perl5 Functions not currently supported in Plan 9 Perl
6951 =item Signals in Plan 9 Perl
6955 =item COMPILING AND INSTALLING PERL ON PLAN 9
6959 =item Installing Perl Documentation on Plan 9
6971 =head2 perlsolaris, README.solaris - Perl version 5 on Solaris systems
6979 =item Solaris Version Numbers.
6985 Solaris FAQ, Precompiled Binaries, Solaris Documentation
6991 =item File Extraction Problems on Solaris.
6993 =item Compiler and Related Tools on Solaris.
6995 =item Environment for Compiling Perl on Solaris
6999 =item RUN CONFIGURE.
7003 =item 64-bit Issues with Perl on Solaris.
7005 =item Threads in Perl on Solaris.
7007 =item Malloc Issues with Perl on Solaris.
7011 =item MAKE PROBLEMS.
7013 Dynamic Loading Problems With GNU as and GNU ld, ld.so.1: ./perl: fatal:
7014 relocation error:, dlopen: stub interception failed, #error "No
7015 DATAMODEL_NATIVE specified", sh: ar: not found
7021 =item op/stat.t test 4 in Solaris
7023 =item nss_delete core dump from op/pwent or op/grent
7027 =item PREBUILT BINARIES OF PERL FOR SOLARIS.
7029 =item RUNTIME ISSUES FOR PERL ON SOLARIS.
7033 =item Limits on Numbers of Open Files on Solaris.
7037 =item SOLARIS-SPECIFIC MODULES.
7039 =item SOLARIS-SPECIFIC PROBLEMS WITH MODULES.
7043 =item Proc::ProcessTable on Solaris
7045 =item BSD::Resource on Solaris
7047 =item Net::SSLeay on Solaris
7057 =head2 perltru64, README.tru64 - Perl version 5 on Tru64 (formerly known as
7058 Digital UNIX formerly known as DEC OSF/1) systems
7066 =item Compiling Perl 5 on Tru64
7068 =item Using Large Files with Perl on Tru64
7070 =item Threaded Perl on Tru64
7072 =item Long Doubles on Tru64
7074 =item 64-bit Perl on Tru64
7076 =item Warnings about floating-point overflow when compiling Perl on Tru64
7080 =item Testing Perl on Tru64
7086 =head2 perluts - Perl under UTS
7094 =item BUILDING PERL ON UTS
7096 =item Installing the built perl on UTS
7102 =head2 perlvmesa, README.vmesa - building and installing Perl for VM/ESA.
7112 =item Unpacking Perl Distribution on VM/ESA
7114 =item Setup Perl and utilities on VM/ESA
7116 =item Configure Perl on VM/ESA
7118 =item Testing Anomalies of Perl on VM/ESA
7120 =item Usage Hints for Perl on VM/ESA
7130 =item Mailing list for Perl on VM/ESA
7136 =head2 perlvms - VMS-specific documentation for Perl
7144 =item Organization of Perl Images
7150 =item Perl Extensions
7152 =item Installing static extensions
7154 =item Installing dynamic extensions
7158 =item File specifications
7164 =item Wildcard expansion
7170 =item PERL5LIB and PERLLIB
7176 =item I/O redirection and backgrounding
7178 =item Command line switches
7184 =item Perl functions
7186 File tests, backticks, binmode FILEHANDLE, crypt PLAINTEXT, USER, dump,
7187 exec LIST, fork, getpwent, getpwnam, getpwuid, gmtime, kill, qx//, select
7188 (system call), stat EXPR, system LIST, time, times, unlink LIST, utime
7189 LIST, waitpid PID,FLAGS
7191 =item Perl variables
7193 %ENV, CRTL_ENV, CLISYM_[LOCAL], Any other string, $!, $^E, $?, $|
7195 =item Standard modules with VMS-specific differences
7209 =head2 perlvos, README.vos - Perl for Stratus VOS
7217 =item Stratus POSIX Support
7221 =item INSTALLING PERL IN VOS
7225 =item Compiling Perl 5 on VOS
7227 =item Installing Perl 5 on VOS
7231 =item USING PERL IN VOS
7235 =item Unimplemented Features of Perl on VOS
7237 =item Restrictions of Perl on VOS
7241 =item SUPPORT STATUS
7249 =head2 perlwin32 - Perl under Win32
7259 =item Setting Up Perl on Win32
7261 Make, Command Shell, Borland C++, Microsoft Visual C++, Mingw32 with GCC
7265 =item Testing Perl on Win32
7267 =item Installation of Perl on Win32
7269 =item Usage Hints for Perl on Win32
7271 Environment Variables, File Globbing, Using perl from the command line,
7272 Building Extensions, Command-line Wildcard Expansion, Win32 Specific
7273 Extensions, Running Perl Scripts, Miscellaneous Things
7277 =item BUGS AND CAVEATS
7281 Gary Ng E<lt>71564.1743@CompuServe.COME<gt>, Gurusamy Sarathy
7282 E<lt>gsar@activestate.comE<gt>, Nick Ing-Simmons
7283 E<lt>nick@ing-simmons.netE<gt>
7291 =head1 PRAGMA DOCUMENTATION
7293 =head2 attrs - set/get attributes of a subroutine (deprecated)
7305 =head2 re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour
7315 =head2 threadshared::shared, threads::shared - Perl extension for sharing
7316 data structures between threads
7328 share VARIABLE, lock VARIABLE, unlock VARIABLE, cond_wait VARIABLE,
7329 cond_signal VARIABLE, cond_broadcast VARIABLE
7339 =head2 threads - Perl extension allowing use of interpreter based threads
7348 $thread = new(function, LIST), $thread->join, $thread->detach,
7349 threads->self, $thread->tid
7353 Fix so the return value is returned when you join, Add join_all, Fix memory
7356 =item AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT
7360 creating a thread from within a thread is unsafe under win32,
7361 PERL_OLD_SIGNALS are not threadsafe, will not be
7367 =head2 attributes - get/set subroutine or variable attributes
7377 =item Built-in Attributes
7379 locked, method, lvalue
7381 =item Available Subroutines
7385 =item Package-specific Attribute Handling
7387 FETCH_I<type>_ATTRIBUTES, MODIFY_I<type>_ATTRIBUTES
7389 =item Syntax of Attribute Lists
7397 =item Default exports
7399 =item Available exports
7401 =item Export tags defined
7411 =head2 attrs - set/get attributes of a subroutine (deprecated)
7423 =head2 autouse - postpone load of modules until a function is used
7439 =head2 base - Establish IS-A relationship with base class at compile time
7453 =head2 blib - Use MakeMaker's uninstalled version of a package
7467 =head2 bytes - Perl pragma to force byte semantics rather than character
7480 =head2 charnames - define character names for C<\N{named}> string literal
7489 =item CUSTOM TRANSLATORS
7491 =item charnames::viacode(code)
7497 =head2 constant - Perl pragma to declare constants
7509 =item List constants
7511 =item Defining multiple constants at once
7513 =item Magic constants
7517 =item TECHNICAL NOTES
7527 =head2 diagnostics - Perl compiler pragma to force verbose warning
7538 =item The C<diagnostics> Pragma
7540 =item The I<splain> Program
7554 =head2 encoding - pragma to control the conversion of legacy data into
7563 =item KNOWN PROBLEMS
7569 =head2 fields - compile-time class fields
7583 =head2 filetest - Perl pragma to control the filetest permission operators
7593 =item subpragma access
7599 =head2 integer - Perl pragma to use integer arithmetic instead of floating
7610 =head2 less - perl pragma to request less of something from the compiler
7620 =head2 lib - manipulate @INC at compile time
7630 =item Adding directories to @INC
7632 =item Deleting directories from @INC
7634 =item Restoring original @INC
7644 =head2 locale - Perl pragma to use and avoid POSIX locales for built-in
7655 =head2 open - perl pragma to set default disciplines for input and output
7663 =item NONPERLIO FUNCTIONALITY
7665 =item IMPLEMENTATION DETAILS
7671 =head2 ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when compiling
7683 =head2 overload - Package for overloading perl operations
7693 =item Declaration of overloaded functions
7695 =item Calling Conventions for Binary Operations
7697 FALSE, TRUE, C<undef>
7699 =item Calling Conventions for Unary Operations
7701 =item Calling Conventions for Mutators
7703 C<++> and C<-->, C<x=> and other assignment versions
7705 =item Overloadable Operations
7707 I<Arithmetic operations>, I<Comparison operations>, I<Bit operations>,
7708 I<Increment and decrement>, I<Transcendental functions>, I<Boolean, string
7709 and numeric conversion>, I<Iteration>, I<Dereferencing>, I<Special>
7711 =item Inheritance and overloading
7713 Strings as values of C<use overload> directive, Overloading of an operation
7714 is inherited by derived classes
7718 =item SPECIAL SYMBOLS FOR C<use overload>
7726 C<undef>, TRUE, defined, but FALSE
7728 =item Copy Constructor
7734 =item MAGIC AUTOGENERATION
7736 I<Assignment forms of arithmetic operations>, I<Conversion operations>,
7737 I<Increment and decrement>, C<abs($a)>, I<Unary minus>, I<Negation>,
7738 I<Concatenation>, I<Comparison operations>, I<Iterator>, I<Dereferencing>,
7741 =item Losing overloading
7743 =item Run-time Overloading
7745 =item Public functions
7747 overload::StrVal(arg), overload::Overloaded(arg), overload::Method(obj,op)
7749 =item Overloading constants
7751 integer, float, binary, q, qr
7753 =item IMPLEMENTATION
7755 =item Metaphor clash
7761 =item Two-face scalars
7763 =item Two-face references
7765 =item Symbolic calculator
7767 =item I<Really> symbolic calculator
7775 Odd number of arguments for overload::constant, `%s' is not an overloadable
7776 type, `%s' is not a code reference
7782 =head2 re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour
7792 =head2 sigtrap - Perl pragma to enable simple signal handling
7804 =item SIGNAL HANDLERS
7806 B<stack-trace>, B<die>, B<handler> I<your-handler>
7810 B<normal-signals>, B<error-signals>, B<old-interface-signals>
7814 B<untrapped>, B<any>, I<signal>, I<number>
7822 =head2 strict - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe constructs
7830 C<strict refs>, C<strict vars>, C<strict subs>
7834 =head2 subs - Perl pragma to predeclare sub names
7844 =head2 threads - Perl extension allowing use of interpreter based threads
7853 $thread = new(function, LIST), $thread->join, $thread->detach,
7854 threads->self, $thread->tid
7858 Fix so the return value is returned when you join, Add join_all, Fix memory
7861 =item AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT
7865 creating a thread from within a thread is unsafe under win32,
7866 PERL_OLD_SIGNALS are not threadsafe, will not be
7872 =head2 threadshared, threads::shared - Perl extension for sharing data
7873 structures between threads
7885 share VARIABLE, lock VARIABLE, unlock VARIABLE, cond_wait VARIABLE,
7886 cond_signal VARIABLE, cond_broadcast VARIABLE
7896 =head2 utf8 - Perl pragma to enable/disable UTF-8 (or UTF-EBCDIC) in source
7907 =item Utility functions
7909 $num_octets = utf8::upgrade($string);, utf8::downgrade($string[, CHECK]),
7910 utf8::encode($string), $flag = utf8::decode($string)
7918 =head2 vars - Perl pragma to predeclare global variable names (obsolete)
7928 =head2 vmsish - Perl pragma to control VMS-specific language features
7936 C<vmsish status>, C<vmsish exit>, C<vmsish time>, C<vmsish hushed>
7940 =head2 warnings - Perl pragma to control optional warnings
7948 use warnings::register, warnings::enabled(), warnings::enabled($category),
7949 warnings::enabled($object), warnings::warn($message),
7950 warnings::warn($category, $message), warnings::warn($object, $message),
7951 warnings::warnif($message), warnings::warnif($category, $message),
7952 warnings::warnif($object, $message)
7956 =head2 warnings::register - warnings import function
7966 =head1 MODULE DOCUMENTATION
7968 =head2 AnyDBM_File - provide framework for multiple DBMs
7978 =item DBM Comparisons
7988 =head2 Attribute::Handlers - Simpler definition of attribute handlers
7998 [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5]
8002 =item Typed lexicals
8004 =item Type-specific attribute handlers
8006 =item Non-interpretive attribute handlers
8008 =item Phase-specific attribute handlers
8010 =item Attributes as C<tie> interfaces
8018 C<Bad attribute type: ATTR(%s)>, C<Attribute handler %s doesn't handle %s
8019 attributes>, C<Declaration of %s attribute in package %s may clash with
8020 future reserved word>, C<Can't have two ATTR specifiers on one subroutine>,
8021 C<Can't autotie a %s>, C<Internal error: %s symbol went missing>
8031 =head2 AutoLoader - load subroutines only on demand
8041 =item Subroutine Stubs
8043 =item Using B<AutoLoader>'s AUTOLOAD Subroutine
8045 =item Overriding B<AutoLoader>'s AUTOLOAD Subroutine
8047 =item Package Lexicals
8049 =item Not Using AutoLoader
8051 =item B<AutoLoader> vs. B<SelfLoader>
8061 =head2 AutoSplit - split a package for autoloading
8069 $keep, $check, $modtime
8073 =item Multiple packages
8081 =head2 B - The Perl Compiler
8089 =item OVERVIEW OF CLASSES
8093 =item SV-RELATED CLASSES
8101 IV, IVX, UVX, int_value, needs64bits, packiv
8115 =item B::PVMG METHODS
8119 =item B::MAGIC METHODS
8121 MOREMAGIC, PRIVATE, TYPE, FLAGS, OBJ, PTR
8123 =item B::PVLV METHODS
8125 TARGOFF, TARGLEN, TYPE, TARG
8129 USEFUL, PREVIOUS, RARE, TABLE
8133 is_empty, NAME, SAFENAME, STASH, SV, IO, FORM, AV, HV, EGV, CV, CVGEN,
8134 LINE, FILE, FILEGV, GvREFCNT, FLAGS
8138 LINES, PAGE, PAGE_LEN, LINES_LEFT, TOP_NAME, TOP_GV, FMT_NAME, FMT_GV,
8139 BOTTOM_NAME, BOTTOM_GV, SUBPROCESS, IoTYPE, IoFLAGS
8143 FILL, MAX, OFF, ARRAY, AvFLAGS
8147 STASH, START, ROOT, GV, FILE, DEPTH, PADLIST, OUTSIDE, XSUB, XSUBANY,
8152 FILL, MAX, KEYS, RITER, NAME, PMROOT, ARRAY
8154 =item OP-RELATED CLASSES
8158 next, sibling, name, ppaddr, desc, targ, type, seq, flags, private
8160 =item B::UNOP METHOD
8164 =item B::BINOP METHOD
8168 =item B::LOGOP METHOD
8172 =item B::LISTOP METHOD
8176 =item B::PMOP METHODS
8178 pmreplroot, pmreplstart, pmnext, pmregexp, pmflags, pmpermflags, precomp
8180 =item B::SVOP METHOD
8184 =item B::PADOP METHOD
8188 =item B::PVOP METHOD
8192 =item B::LOOP METHODS
8194 redoop, nextop, lastop
8196 =item B::COP METHODS
8198 label, stash, file, cop_seq, arybase, line
8202 =item FUNCTIONS EXPORTED BY C<B>
8204 main_cv, init_av, main_root, main_start, comppadlist, sv_undef, sv_yes,
8205 sv_no, amagic_generation, walkoptree(OP, METHOD), walkoptree_debug(DEBUG),
8206 walksymtable(SYMREF, METHOD, RECURSE, PREFIX), svref_2object(SV),
8207 ppname(OPNUM), hash(STR), cast_I32(I), minus_c, cstring(STR), class(OBJ),
8214 =head2 B::Asmdata - Autogenerated data about Perl ops, used to generate
8227 =head2 B::Assembler - Assemble Perl bytecode
8239 =head2 B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks
8251 =head2 B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend
8261 B<-ofilename>, B<-afilename>, B<-->, B<-f>, B<-fcompress-nullops>,
8262 B<-fomit-sequence-numbers>, B<-fbypass-nullops>, B<-On>, B<-D>, B<-Do>,
8263 B<-Db>, B<-Da>, B<-DC>, B<-S>, B<-upackage>
8273 =head2 B::C - Perl compiler's C backend
8283 B<-ofilename>, B<-v>, B<-->, B<-uPackname>, B<-D>, B<-Do>, B<-Dc>, B<-DA>,
8284 B<-DC>, B<-DM>, B<-f>, B<-fcog>, B<-fno-cog>, B<-On>, B<-llimit>
8294 =head2 B::CC - Perl compiler's optimized C translation backend
8304 B<-ofilename>, B<-v>, B<-->, B<-uPackname>, B<-mModulename>, B<-D>, B<-Dr>,
8305 B<-DO>, B<-Ds>, B<-Dp>, B<-Dq>, B<-Dl>, B<-Dt>, B<-f>,
8306 B<-ffreetmps-each-bblock>, B<-ffreetmps-each-loop>, B<-fomit-taint>, B<-On>
8318 =item Context of ".."
8322 =item Deprecated features
8330 =head2 B::Concise - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing concise info about ops
8340 B<-basic>, B<-exec>, B<-tree>, B<-compact>, B<-loose>, B<-vt>, B<-ascii>,
8341 B<-main>, B<-base>I<n>, B<-bigendian>, B<-littleendian>, B<-concise>,
8342 B<-terse>, B<-linenoise>, B<-debug>, B<-env>
8344 =item FORMATTING SPECIFICATIONS
8346 B<(x(>I<exec_text>B<;>I<basic_text>B<)x)>, B<(*(>I<text>B<)*)>,
8347 B<(*(>I<text1>B<;>I<text2>B<)*)>, B<(?(>I<text1>B<#>I<var>I<Text2>B<)?)>,
8348 B<#>I<var>, B<#>I<var>I<N>, B<~>, B<#addr>, B<#arg>, B<#class>,
8349 B<#classym>, B<#coplabel>, B<#exname>, B<#extarg>, B<#firstaddr>,
8350 B<#flags>, B<#flagval>, B<#hyphenseq>, B<#label>, B<#lastaddr>, B<#name>,
8351 B<#NAME>, B<#next>, B<#nextaddr>, B<#noise>, B<#private>, B<#privval>,
8352 B<#seq>, B<#seqnum>, B<#sibaddr>, B<#svaddr>, B<#svclass>, B<#svval>,
8353 B<#targ>, B<#targarg>, B<#targarglife>, B<#typenum>
8359 =item OP flags abbreviations
8361 =item OP class abbreviations
8365 =item Using B::Concise outside of the O framework
8371 =head2 B::Debug - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing debug info about ops
8383 =head2 B::Deparse - Perl compiler backend to produce perl code
8393 B<-l>, B<-p>, B<-q>, B<-f>I<FILE>, B<-s>I<LETTERS>, B<C>, B<i>I<NUMBER>,
8394 B<T>, B<v>I<STRING>B<.>, B<-x>I<LEVEL>
8396 =item USING B::Deparse AS A MODULE
8406 =item ambient_pragmas
8408 strict, $[, bytes, utf8, integer, re, warnings, hint_bits, warning_bits
8420 =head2 B::Disassembler - Disassemble Perl bytecode
8432 =head2 B::Lint - Perl lint
8440 =item OPTIONS AND LINT CHECKS
8442 B<context>, B<implicit-read> and B<implicit-write>, B<dollar-underscore>,
8443 B<private-names>, B<undefined-subs>, B<regexp-variables>, B<all>, B<none>
8445 =item NON LINT-CHECK OPTIONS
8455 =head2 B::O, O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends
8465 =item IMPLEMENTATION
8471 =head2 B::Showlex - Show lexical variables used in functions or files
8483 =head2 B::Stackobj - Helper module for CC backend
8495 =head2 B::Stash - show what stashes are loaded
8497 =head2 B::Terse - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing terse info about ops
8509 =head2 B::Xref - Generates cross reference reports for Perl programs
8519 C<-oFILENAME>, C<-r>, C<-D[tO]>
8527 =head2 Bblock, B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks
8539 =head2 Benchmark - benchmark running times of Perl code
8553 =item Standard Exports
8555 timeit(COUNT, CODE), timethis ( COUNT, CODE, [ TITLE, [ STYLE ]] ),
8556 timethese ( COUNT, CODEHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), timediff ( T1, T2 ), timestr (
8557 TIMEDIFF, [ STYLE, [ FORMAT ] ] )
8559 =item Optional Exports
8561 clearcache ( COUNT ), clearallcache ( ), cmpthese ( COUT, CODEHASHREF, [
8562 STYLE ] ), cmpthese ( RESULTSHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), countit(TIME, CODE),
8563 disablecache ( ), enablecache ( ), timesum ( T1, T2 )
8579 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
8583 =head2 ByteLoader - load byte compiled perl code
8597 =head2 Bytecode, B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend
8607 B<-ofilename>, B<-afilename>, B<-->, B<-f>, B<-fcompress-nullops>,
8608 B<-fomit-sequence-numbers>, B<-fbypass-nullops>, B<-On>, B<-D>, B<-Do>,
8609 B<-Db>, B<-Da>, B<-DC>, B<-S>, B<-upackage>
8619 =head2 CGI - Simple Common Gateway Interface Class
8631 =item PROGRAMMING STYLE
8633 =item CALLING CGI.PM ROUTINES
8635 =item CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT (OBJECT-ORIENTED STYLE):
8637 =item CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT FROM AN INPUT FILE
8639 =item FETCHING A LIST OF KEYWORDS FROM THE QUERY:
8641 =item FETCHING THE NAMES OF ALL THE PARAMETERS PASSED TO YOUR SCRIPT:
8643 =item FETCHING THE VALUE OR VALUES OF A SINGLE NAMED PARAMETER:
8645 =item SETTING THE VALUE(S) OF A NAMED PARAMETER:
8647 =item APPENDING ADDITIONAL VALUES TO A NAMED PARAMETER:
8649 =item IMPORTING ALL PARAMETERS INTO A NAMESPACE:
8651 =item DELETING A PARAMETER COMPLETELY:
8653 =item DELETING ALL PARAMETERS:
8655 =item DIRECT ACCESS TO THE PARAMETER LIST:
8657 =item FETCHING THE PARAMETER LIST AS A HASH:
8659 =item SAVING THE STATE OF THE SCRIPT TO A FILE:
8661 =item RETRIEVING CGI ERRORS
8663 =item USING THE FUNCTION-ORIENTED INTERFACE
8665 B<:cgi>, B<:form>, B<:html2>, B<:html3>, B<:netscape>, B<:html>,
8666 B<:standard>, B<:all>
8670 -any, -compile, -nosticky, -no_undef_params, -no_xhtml, -nph,
8671 -newstyle_urls, -oldstyle_urls, -autoload, -no_debug, -debug,
8674 =item SPECIAL FORMS FOR IMPORTING HTML-TAG FUNCTIONS
8676 1. start_table() (generates a <TABLE> tag), 2. end_table() (generates a
8677 </TABLE> tag), 3. start_ul() (generates a <UL> tag), 4. end_ul() (generates
8682 =item GENERATING DYNAMIC DOCUMENTS
8686 =item CREATING A STANDARD HTTP HEADER:
8688 =item GENERATING A REDIRECTION HEADER
8690 =item CREATING THE HTML DOCUMENT HEADER
8692 B<Parameters:>, 4, 5, 6..
8694 =item ENDING THE HTML DOCUMENT:
8696 =item CREATING A SELF-REFERENCING URL THAT PRESERVES STATE INFORMATION:
8698 =item OBTAINING THE SCRIPT'S URL
8700 B<-absolute>, B<-relative>, B<-full>, B<-path> (B<-path_info>), B<-query>
8701 (B<-query_string>), B<-base>
8703 =item MIXING POST AND URL PARAMETERS
8707 =item CREATING STANDARD HTML ELEMENTS:
8711 =item PROVIDING ARGUMENTS TO HTML SHORTCUTS
8713 =item THE DISTRIBUTIVE PROPERTY OF HTML SHORTCUTS
8715 =item HTML SHORTCUTS AND LIST INTERPOLATION
8717 =item NON-STANDARD HTML SHORTCUTS
8719 =item AUTOESCAPING HTML
8721 $escaped_string = escapeHTML("unescaped string");, $charset =
8722 charset([$charset]);, $flag = autoEscape([$flag]);
8724 =item PRETTY-PRINTING HTML
8728 =item CREATING FILL-OUT FORMS:
8732 =item CREATING AN ISINDEX TAG
8734 =item STARTING AND ENDING A FORM
8736 B<application/x-www-form-urlencoded>, B<multipart/form-data>
8738 =item CREATING A TEXT FIELD
8742 =item CREATING A BIG TEXT FIELD
8744 =item CREATING A PASSWORD FIELD
8746 =item CREATING A FILE UPLOAD FIELD
8750 =item CREATING A POPUP MENU
8752 =item CREATING A SCROLLING LIST
8756 =item CREATING A GROUP OF RELATED CHECKBOXES
8760 =item CREATING A STANDALONE CHECKBOX
8764 =item CREATING A RADIO BUTTON GROUP
8768 =item CREATING A SUBMIT BUTTON
8772 =item CREATING A RESET BUTTON
8774 =item CREATING A DEFAULT BUTTON
8776 =item CREATING A HIDDEN FIELD
8780 =item CREATING A CLICKABLE IMAGE BUTTON
8782 B<Parameters:>, 3. The third option (-align, optional) is an alignment
8783 type, and may be TOP, BOTTOM or MIDDLE
8785 =item CREATING A JAVASCRIPT ACTION BUTTON
8791 1. an expiration time, 2. a domain, 3. a path, 4. a "secure" flag,
8792 B<-name>, B<-value>, B<-path>, B<-domain>, B<-expires>, B<-secure>
8794 =item WORKING WITH FRAMES
8796 1. Create a <Frameset> document, 2. Specify the destination for the
8797 document in the HTTP header, 3. Specify the destination for the document in
8800 =item LIMITED SUPPORT FOR CASCADING STYLE SHEETS
8806 =item DUMPING OUT ALL THE NAME/VALUE PAIRS
8810 =item FETCHING ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
8812 B<Accept()>, B<raw_cookie()>, B<user_agent()>, B<path_info()>,
8813 B<path_translated()>, B<remote_host()>, B<script_name()> Return the script
8814 name as a partial URL, for self-refering scripts, B<referer()>, B<auth_type
8815 ()>, B<server_name ()>, B<virtual_host ()>, B<server_port ()>,
8816 B<server_software ()>, B<remote_user ()>, B<user_name ()>,
8817 B<request_method()>, B<content_type()>, B<http()>, B<https()>
8819 =item USING NPH SCRIPTS
8821 In the B<use> statement, By calling the B<nph()> method:, By using B<-nph>
8826 multipart_init(), multipart_start(), multipart_end(), multipart_final()
8828 =item Avoiding Denial of Service Attacks
8830 B<$CGI::POST_MAX>, B<$CGI::DISABLE_UPLOADS>, B<1. On a script-by-script
8831 basis>, B<2. Globally for all scripts>
8833 =item COMPATIBILITY WITH CGI-LIB.PL
8835 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
8839 Matt Heffron (heffron@falstaff.css.beckman.com), James Taylor
8840 (james.taylor@srs.gov), Scott Anguish <sanguish@digifix.com>, Mike Jewell
8841 (mlj3u@virginia.edu), Timothy Shimmin (tes@kbs.citri.edu.au), Joergen Haegg
8842 (jh@axis.se), Laurent Delfosse (delfosse@delfosse.com), Richard Resnick
8843 (applepi1@aol.com), Craig Bishop (csb@barwonwater.vic.gov.au), Tony Curtis
8844 (tc@vcpc.univie.ac.at), Tim Bunce (Tim.Bunce@ig.co.uk), Tom Christiansen
8845 (tchrist@convex.com), Andreas Koenig (k@franz.ww.TU-Berlin.DE), Tim
8846 MacKenzie (Tim.MacKenzie@fulcrum.com.au), Kevin B. Hendricks
8847 (kbhend@dogwood.tyler.wm.edu), Stephen Dahmen (joyfire@inxpress.net), Ed
8848 Jordan (ed@fidalgo.net), David Alan Pisoni (david@cnation.com), Doug
8849 MacEachern (dougm@opengroup.org), Robin Houston (robin@oneworld.org),
8850 ...and many many more..
8852 =item A COMPLETE EXAMPLE OF A SIMPLE FORM-BASED SCRIPT
8860 =head2 CGI::Apache - Backward compatibility module for CGI.pm
8870 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
8878 =head2 CGI::Carp, B<CGI::Carp> - CGI routines for writing to the HTTPD (or
8887 =item REDIRECTING ERROR MESSAGES
8889 =item MAKING PERL ERRORS APPEAR IN THE BROWSER WINDOW
8893 =item Changing the default message
8897 =item MAKING WARNINGS APPEAR AS HTML COMMENTS
8907 =head2 CGI::Cookie - Interface to Netscape Cookies
8915 =item USING CGI::Cookie
8917 B<1. expiration date>, B<2. domain>, B<3. path>, B<4. secure flag>
8921 =item Creating New Cookies
8923 =item Sending the Cookie to the Browser
8925 =item Recovering Previous Cookies
8927 =item Manipulating Cookies
8929 B<name()>, B<value()>, B<domain()>, B<path()>, B<expires()>
8933 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
8941 =head2 CGI::Fast - CGI Interface for Fast CGI
8949 =item OTHER PIECES OF THE PUZZLE
8951 =item WRITING FASTCGI PERL SCRIPTS
8953 =item INSTALLING FASTCGI SCRIPTS
8955 =item USING FASTCGI SCRIPTS AS CGI SCRIPTS
8957 =item EXTERNAL FASTCGI SERVER INVOCATION
8959 FCGI_SOCKET_PATH, FCGI_LISTEN_QUEUE
8963 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
8971 =head2 CGI::Pretty - module to produce nicely formatted HTML code
8981 =item Tags that won't be formatted
8983 =item Customizing the Indenting
8995 =head2 CGI::Push - Simple Interface to Server Push
9003 =item USING CGI::Push
9005 -next_page, -last_page, -type, -delay, -cookie, -target, -expires, -nph
9009 =item Heterogeneous Pages
9011 =item Changing the Page Delay on the Fly
9015 =item INSTALLING CGI::Push SCRIPTS
9017 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
9025 =head2 CGI::Switch - Backward compatibility module for defunct CGI::Switch
9035 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
9043 =head2 CGI::Util - Internal utilities used by CGI module
9051 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
9057 =head2 CPAN - query, download and build perl modules from CPAN sites
9067 =item Interactive Mode
9069 Searching for authors, bundles, distribution files and modules, make, test,
9070 install, clean modules or distributions, get, readme, look module or
9071 distribution, ls author, Signals
9079 =item The four C<CPAN::*> Classes: Author, Bundle, Module, Distribution
9081 =item Programmer's interface
9083 expand($type,@things), expandany(@things), Programming Examples
9085 =item Methods in the other Classes
9087 CPAN::Author::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Author::as_string(),
9088 CPAN::Author::email(), CPAN::Author::fullname(), CPAN::Author::name(),
9089 CPAN::Bundle::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Bundle::as_string(),
9090 CPAN::Bundle::clean(), CPAN::Bundle::contains(),
9091 CPAN::Bundle::force($method,@args), CPAN::Bundle::get(),
9092 CPAN::Bundle::inst_file(), CPAN::Bundle::inst_version(),
9093 CPAN::Bundle::uptodate(), CPAN::Bundle::install(), CPAN::Bundle::make(),
9094 CPAN::Bundle::readme(), CPAN::Bundle::test(),
9095 CPAN::Distribution::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Distribution::as_string(),
9096 CPAN::Distribution::clean(), CPAN::Distribution::containsmods(),
9097 CPAN::Distribution::cvs_import(), CPAN::Distribution::dir(),
9098 CPAN::Distribution::force($method,@args), CPAN::Distribution::get(),
9099 CPAN::Distribution::install(), CPAN::Distribution::isa_perl(),
9100 CPAN::Distribution::look(), CPAN::Distribution::make(),
9101 CPAN::Distribution::prereq_pm(), CPAN::Distribution::readme(),
9102 CPAN::Distribution::test(), CPAN::Distribution::uptodate(),
9103 CPAN::Index::force_reload(), CPAN::Index::reload(), CPAN::InfoObj::dump(),
9104 CPAN::Module::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Module::as_string(),
9105 CPAN::Module::clean(), CPAN::Module::cpan_file(),
9106 CPAN::Module::cpan_version(), CPAN::Module::cvs_import(),
9107 CPAN::Module::description(), CPAN::Module::force($method,@args),
9108 CPAN::Module::get(), CPAN::Module::inst_file(),
9109 CPAN::Module::inst_version(), CPAN::Module::install(),
9110 CPAN::Module::look(), CPAN::Module::make(),
9111 CPAN::Module::manpage_headline(), CPAN::Module::readme(),
9112 CPAN::Module::test(), CPAN::Module::uptodate(), CPAN::Module::userid()
9120 =item Finding packages and VERSION
9124 =item Floppy, Zip, Offline Mode
9130 C<o conf E<lt>scalar optionE<gt>>, C<o conf E<lt>scalar optionE<gt>
9131 E<lt>valueE<gt>>, C<o conf E<lt>list optionE<gt>>, C<o conf E<lt>list
9132 optionE<gt> [shift|pop]>, C<o conf E<lt>list optionE<gt>
9133 [unshift|push|splice] E<lt>listE<gt>>
9137 =item Note on urllist parameter's format
9139 =item urllist parameter has CD-ROM support
9147 =item POPULATE AN INSTALLATION WITH LOTS OF MODULES
9149 =item WORKING WITH CPAN.pm BEHIND FIREWALLS
9153 =item Three basic types of firewalls
9155 http firewall, ftp firewall, One way visibility, SOCKS, IP Masquerade
9157 =item Configuring lynx or ncftp for going through a firewall
9163 1), 2), 3), 4), 5), 6), 7), 8), 9), 10)
9175 =head2 CPAN::FirstTime - Utility for CPAN::Config file Initialization
9185 =head2 CPANox, CPAN::Nox - Wrapper around CPAN.pm without using any XS
9198 =head2 Carp, carp - warn of errors (from perspective of caller)
9208 =item Forcing a Stack Trace
9216 =head2 Carp::Heavy, Carp heavy machinery - no user serviceable parts inside
9218 =head2 Class::ISA -- report the search path for a class's ISA tree
9228 the function Class::ISA::super_path($CLASS), the function
9229 Class::ISA::self_and_super_path($CLASS), the function
9230 Class::ISA::self_and_super_versions($CLASS)
9232 =item CAUTIONARY NOTES
9240 =head2 Class::Struct - declare struct-like datatypes as Perl classes
9250 =item The C<struct()> function
9252 =item Class Creation at Compile Time
9254 =item Element Types and Accessor Methods
9256 Scalar (C<'$'> or C<'*$'>), Array (C<'@'> or C<'*@'>), Hash (C<'%'> or
9257 C<'*%'>), Class (C<'Class_Name'> or C<'*Class_Name'>)
9259 =item Initializing with C<new>
9265 Example 1, Example 2, Example 3
9267 =item Author and Modification History
9271 =head2 Config - access Perl configuration information
9279 myconfig(), config_sh(), config_vars(@names)
9291 C<_a>, C<_exe>, C<_o>
9295 C<afs>, C<afsroot>, C<alignbytes>, C<ansi2knr>, C<aphostname>,
9296 C<api_revision>, C<api_subversion>, C<api_version>, C<api_versionstring>,
9297 C<ar>, C<archlib>, C<archlibexp>, C<archname64>, C<archname>, C<archobjs>,
9302 C<baserev>, C<bash>, C<bin>, C<bincompat5005>, C<binexp>, C<bison>,
9303 C<byacc>, C<byteorder>
9307 C<c>, C<castflags>, C<cat>, C<cc>, C<cccdlflags>, C<ccdlflags>, C<ccflags>,
9308 C<ccflags_uselargefiles>, C<ccname>, C<ccsymbols>, C<ccversion>, C<cf_by>,
9309 C<cf_email>, C<cf_time>, C<charsize>, C<chgrp>, C<chmod>, C<chown>,
9310 C<clocktype>, C<comm>, C<compress>, C<contains>, C<cp>, C<cpio>, C<cpp>,
9311 C<cpp_stuff>, C<cppccsymbols>, C<cppflags>, C<cpplast>, C<cppminus>,
9312 C<cpprun>, C<cppstdin>, C<cppsymbols>, C<cryptlib>, C<csh>
9316 C<d__fwalk>, C<d_access>, C<d_accessx>, C<d_alarm>, C<d_archlib>,
9317 C<d_atolf>, C<d_atoll>, C<d_attribut>, C<d_bcmp>, C<d_bcopy>,
9318 C<d_bincompat5005>, C<d_bsd>, C<d_bsdgetpgrp>, C<d_bsdsetpgrp>, C<d_bzero>,
9319 C<d_casti32>, C<d_castneg>, C<d_charvspr>, C<d_chown>, C<d_chroot>,
9320 C<d_chsize>, C<d_class>, C<d_closedir>, C<d_cmsghdr_s>, C<d_const>,
9321 C<d_crypt>, C<d_csh>, C<d_cuserid>, C<d_dbl_dig>, C<d_dbminitproto>,
9322 C<d_difftime>, C<d_dirnamlen>, C<d_dlerror>, C<d_dlopen>, C<d_dlsymun>,
9323 C<d_dosuid>, C<d_drand48proto>, C<d_dup2>, C<d_eaccess>, C<d_endgrent>,
9324 C<d_endhent>, C<d_endnent>, C<d_endpent>, C<d_endpwent>, C<d_endsent>,
9325 C<d_eofnblk>, C<d_eunice>, C<d_fchdir>, C<d_fchmod>, C<d_fchown>,
9326 C<d_fcntl>, C<d_fcntl_can_lock>, C<d_fd_macros>, C<d_fd_set>,
9327 C<d_fds_bits>, C<d_fgetpos>, C<d_finite>, C<d_finitel>, C<d_flexfnam>,
9328 C<d_flock>, C<d_flockproto>, C<d_fork>, C<d_fp_class>, C<d_fpathconf>,
9329 C<d_fpclass>, C<d_fpclassify>, C<d_fpclassl>, C<d_fpos64_t>, C<d_frexpl>,
9330 C<d_fs_data_s>, C<d_fseeko>, C<d_fsetpos>, C<d_fstatfs>, C<d_fstatvfs>,
9331 C<d_fsync>, C<d_ftello>, C<d_ftime>, C<d_Gconvert>, C<d_getcwd>,
9332 C<d_getespwnam>, C<d_getfsstat>, C<d_getgrent>, C<d_getgrps>,
9333 C<d_gethbyaddr>, C<d_gethbyname>, C<d_gethent>, C<d_gethname>,
9334 C<d_gethostprotos>, C<d_getitimer>, C<d_getlogin>, C<d_getmnt>,
9335 C<d_getmntent>, C<d_getnbyaddr>, C<d_getnbyname>, C<d_getnent>,
9336 C<d_getnetprotos>, C<d_getpagsz>, C<d_getpbyname>, C<d_getpbynumber>,
9337 C<d_getpent>, C<d_getpgid>, C<d_getpgrp2>, C<d_getpgrp>, C<d_getppid>,
9338 C<d_getprior>, C<d_getprotoprotos>, C<d_getprpwnam>, C<d_getpwent>,
9339 C<d_getsbyname>, C<d_getsbyport>, C<d_getsent>, C<d_getservprotos>,
9340 C<d_getspnam>, C<d_gettimeod>, C<d_gnulibc>, C<d_grpasswd>, C<d_hasmntopt>,
9341 C<d_htonl>, C<d_index>, C<d_inetaton>, C<d_int64_t>, C<d_isascii>,
9342 C<d_isfinite>, C<d_isinf>, C<d_isnan>, C<d_isnanl>, C<d_killpg>,
9343 C<d_lchown>, C<d_ldbl_dig>, C<d_link>, C<d_locconv>, C<d_lockf>,
9344 C<d_longdbl>, C<d_longlong>, C<d_lseekproto>, C<d_lstat>, C<d_madvise>,
9345 C<d_mblen>, C<d_mbstowcs>, C<d_mbtowc>, C<d_memchr>, C<d_memcmp>,
9346 C<d_memcpy>, C<d_memmove>, C<d_memset>, C<d_mkdir>, C<d_mkdtemp>,
9347 C<d_mkfifo>, C<d_mkstemp>, C<d_mkstemps>, C<d_mktime>, C<d_mmap>,
9348 C<d_modfl>, C<d_modfl_pow32_bug>, C<d_mprotect>, C<d_msg>, C<d_msg_ctrunc>,
9349 C<d_msg_dontroute>, C<d_msg_oob>, C<d_msg_peek>, C<d_msg_proxy>,
9350 C<d_msgctl>, C<d_msgget>, C<d_msghdr_s>, C<d_msgrcv>, C<d_msgsnd>,
9351 C<d_msync>, C<d_munmap>, C<d_mymalloc>, C<d_nice>, C<d_nl_langinfo>,
9352 C<d_nv_preserves_uv>, C<d_nv_preserves_uv_bits>, C<d_off64_t>,
9353 C<d_old_pthread_create_joinable>, C<d_oldpthreads>, C<d_oldsock>,
9354 C<d_open3>, C<d_pathconf>, C<d_pause>, C<d_perl_otherlibdirs>,
9355 C<d_phostname>, C<d_pipe>, C<d_poll>, C<d_portable>, C<d_PRId64>,
9356 C<d_PRIeldbl>, C<d_PRIEUldbl>, C<d_PRIfldbl>, C<d_PRIFUldbl>,
9357 C<d_PRIgldbl>, C<d_PRIGUldbl>, C<d_PRIi64>, C<d_PRIo64>, C<d_PRIu64>,
9358 C<d_PRIx64>, C<d_PRIXU64>, C<d_pthread_atfork>, C<d_pthread_yield>,
9359 C<d_pwage>, C<d_pwchange>, C<d_pwclass>, C<d_pwcomment>, C<d_pwexpire>,
9360 C<d_pwgecos>, C<d_pwpasswd>, C<d_pwquota>, C<d_qgcvt>, C<d_quad>,
9361 C<d_readdir>, C<d_readlink>, C<d_readv>, C<d_recvmsg>, C<d_rename>,
9362 C<d_rewinddir>, C<d_rmdir>, C<d_safebcpy>, C<d_safemcpy>, C<d_sanemcmp>,
9363 C<d_sbrkproto>, C<d_sched_yield>, C<d_scm_rights>, C<d_SCNfldbl>,
9364 C<d_seekdir>, C<d_select>, C<d_sem>, C<d_semctl>, C<d_semctl_semid_ds>,
9365 C<d_semctl_semun>, C<d_semget>, C<d_semop>, C<d_sendmsg>, C<d_setegid>,
9366 C<d_seteuid>, C<d_setgrent>, C<d_setgrps>, C<d_sethent>, C<d_setitimer>,
9367 C<d_setlinebuf>, C<d_setlocale>, C<d_setnent>, C<d_setpent>, C<d_setpgid>,
9368 C<d_setpgrp2>, C<d_setpgrp>, C<d_setprior>, C<d_setproctitle>,
9369 C<d_setpwent>, C<d_setregid>, C<d_setresgid>, C<d_setresuid>,
9370 C<d_setreuid>, C<d_setrgid>, C<d_setruid>, C<d_setsent>, C<d_setsid>,
9371 C<d_setvbuf>, C<d_sfio>, C<d_shm>, C<d_shmat>, C<d_shmatprototype>,
9372 C<d_shmctl>, C<d_shmdt>, C<d_shmget>, C<d_sigaction>, C<d_sigprocmask>,
9373 C<d_sigsetjmp>, C<d_sockatmark>, C<d_sockatmarkproto>, C<d_socket>,
9374 C<d_socklen_t>, C<d_sockpair>, C<d_socks5_init>, C<d_sqrtl>,
9375 C<d_sresgproto>, C<d_sresuproto>, C<d_statblks>, C<d_statfs_f_flags>,
9376 C<d_statfs_s>, C<d_statvfs>, C<d_stdio_cnt_lval>, C<d_stdio_ptr_lval>,
9377 C<d_stdio_ptr_lval_nochange_cnt>, C<d_stdio_ptr_lval_sets_cnt>,
9378 C<d_stdio_stream_array>, C<d_stdiobase>, C<d_stdstdio>, C<d_strchr>,
9379 C<d_strcoll>, C<d_strctcpy>, C<d_strerrm>, C<d_strerror>, C<d_strftime>,
9380 C<d_strtod>, C<d_strtol>, C<d_strtold>, C<d_strtoll>, C<d_strtoq>,
9381 C<d_strtoul>, C<d_strtoull>, C<d_strtouq>, C<d_strxfrm>, C<d_suidsafe>,
9382 C<d_symlink>, C<d_syscall>, C<d_syscallproto>, C<d_sysconf>,
9383 C<d_sysernlst>, C<d_syserrlst>, C<d_system>, C<d_tcgetpgrp>,
9384 C<d_tcsetpgrp>, C<d_telldir>, C<d_telldirproto>, C<d_time>, C<d_times>,
9385 C<d_truncate>, C<d_tzname>, C<d_u32align>, C<d_ualarm>, C<d_umask>,
9386 C<d_uname>, C<d_union_semun>, C<d_unordered>, C<d_usleep>,
9387 C<d_usleepproto>, C<d_ustat>, C<d_vendorarch>, C<d_vendorbin>,
9388 C<d_vendorlib>, C<d_vfork>, C<d_void_closedir>, C<d_voidsig>, C<d_voidtty>,
9389 C<d_volatile>, C<d_vprintf>, C<d_wait4>, C<d_waitpid>, C<d_wcstombs>,
9390 C<d_wctomb>, C<d_writev>, C<d_xenix>, C<date>, C<db_hashtype>,
9391 C<db_prefixtype>, C<db_version_major>, C<db_version_minor>,
9392 C<db_version_patch>, C<defvoidused>, C<direntrytype>, C<dlext>, C<dlsrc>,
9393 C<doublesize>, C<drand01>, C<dynamic_ext>
9397 C<eagain>, C<ebcdic>, C<echo>, C<egrep>, C<emacs>, C<eunicefix>,
9398 C<exe_ext>, C<expr>, C<extensions>, C<extras>
9402 C<fflushall>, C<fflushNULL>, C<find>, C<firstmakefile>, C<flex>,
9403 C<fpossize>, C<fpostype>, C<freetype>, C<from>, C<full_ar>, C<full_csh>,
9408 C<gccosandvers>, C<gccversion>, C<gidformat>, C<gidsign>, C<gidsize>,
9409 C<gidtype>, C<glibpth>, C<grep>, C<groupcat>, C<groupstype>, C<gzip>
9413 C<h_fcntl>, C<h_sysfile>, C<hint>, C<hostcat>
9417 C<i16size>, C<i16type>, C<i32size>, C<i32type>, C<i64size>, C<i64type>,
9418 C<i8size>, C<i8type>, C<i_arpainet>, C<i_bsdioctl>, C<i_db>, C<i_dbm>,
9419 C<i_dirent>, C<i_dld>, C<i_dlfcn>, C<i_fcntl>, C<i_float>, C<i_fp>,
9420 C<i_fp_class>, C<i_gdbm>, C<i_grp>, C<i_ieeefp>, C<i_inttypes>,
9421 C<i_langinfo>, C<i_libutil>, C<i_limits>, C<i_locale>, C<i_machcthr>,
9422 C<i_malloc>, C<i_math>, C<i_memory>, C<i_mntent>, C<i_ndbm>, C<i_netdb>,
9423 C<i_neterrno>, C<i_netinettcp>, C<i_niin>, C<i_poll>, C<i_prot>,
9424 C<i_pthread>, C<i_pwd>, C<i_rpcsvcdbm>, C<i_sfio>, C<i_sgtty>, C<i_shadow>,
9425 C<i_socks>, C<i_stdarg>, C<i_stddef>, C<i_stdlib>, C<i_string>,
9426 C<i_sunmath>, C<i_sysaccess>, C<i_sysdir>, C<i_sysfile>, C<i_sysfilio>,
9427 C<i_sysin>, C<i_sysioctl>, C<i_syslog>, C<i_sysmman>, C<i_sysmode>,
9428 C<i_sysmount>, C<i_sysndir>, C<i_sysparam>, C<i_sysresrc>, C<i_syssecrt>,
9429 C<i_sysselct>, C<i_syssockio>, C<i_sysstat>, C<i_sysstatfs>,
9430 C<i_sysstatvfs>, C<i_systime>, C<i_systimek>, C<i_systimes>, C<i_systypes>,
9431 C<i_sysuio>, C<i_sysun>, C<i_sysutsname>, C<i_sysvfs>, C<i_syswait>,
9432 C<i_termio>, C<i_termios>, C<i_time>, C<i_unistd>, C<i_ustat>, C<i_utime>,
9433 C<i_values>, C<i_varargs>, C<i_varhdr>, C<i_vfork>,
9434 C<ignore_versioned_solibs>, C<inc_version_list>, C<inc_version_list_init>,
9435 C<incpath>, C<inews>, C<installarchlib>, C<installbin>, C<installman1dir>,
9436 C<installman3dir>, C<installprefix>, C<installprefixexp>,
9437 C<installprivlib>, C<installscript>, C<installsitearch>, C<installsitebin>,
9438 C<installsitelib>, C<installstyle>, C<installusrbinperl>,
9439 C<installvendorarch>, C<installvendorbin>, C<installvendorlib>, C<intsize>,
9440 C<issymlink>, C<ivdformat>, C<ivsize>, C<ivtype>
9444 C<known_extensions>, C<ksh>
9448 C<ld>, C<lddlflags>, C<ldflags>, C<ldflags_uselargefiles>, C<ldlibpthname>,
9449 C<less>, C<lib_ext>, C<libc>, C<libperl>, C<libpth>, C<libs>, C<libsdirs>,
9450 C<libsfiles>, C<libsfound>, C<libspath>, C<libswanted>,
9451 C<libswanted_uselargefiles>, C<line>, C<lint>, C<lkflags>, C<ln>, C<lns>,
9452 C<locincpth>, C<loclibpth>, C<longdblsize>, C<longlongsize>, C<longsize>,
9453 C<lp>, C<lpr>, C<ls>, C<lseeksize>, C<lseektype>
9457 C<mail>, C<mailx>, C<make>, C<make_set_make>, C<mallocobj>, C<mallocsrc>,
9458 C<malloctype>, C<man1dir>, C<man1direxp>, C<man1ext>, C<man3dir>,
9459 C<man3direxp>, C<man3ext>
9463 C<Mcc>, C<mips_type>, C<mkdir>, C<mmaptype>, C<modetype>, C<more>,
9464 C<multiarch>, C<mv>, C<myarchname>, C<mydomain>, C<myhostname>, C<myuname>
9468 C<n>, C<need_va_copy>, C<netdb_hlen_type>, C<netdb_host_type>,
9469 C<netdb_name_type>, C<netdb_net_type>, C<nm>, C<nm_opt>, C<nm_so_opt>,
9470 C<nonxs_ext>, C<nroff>, C<nveformat>, C<nvEUformat>, C<nvfformat>,
9471 C<nvFUformat>, C<nvgformat>, C<nvGUformat>, C<nvsize>, C<nvtype>
9475 C<o_nonblock>, C<obj_ext>, C<old_pthread_create_joinable>, C<optimize>,
9476 C<orderlib>, C<osname>, C<osvers>, C<otherlibdirs>
9480 C<package>, C<pager>, C<passcat>, C<patchlevel>, C<path_sep>, C<perl5>,
9481 C<perl>, C<perl_patchlevel>
9485 C<PERL_REVISION>, C<PERL_SUBVERSION>, C<PERL_VERSION>, C<perladmin>,
9486 C<perllibs>, C<perlpath>, C<pg>, C<phostname>, C<pidtype>, C<plibpth>,
9487 C<pm_apiversion>, C<pmake>, C<pr>, C<prefix>, C<prefixexp>, C<privlib>,
9488 C<privlibexp>, C<prototype>, C<ptrsize>
9492 C<quadkind>, C<quadtype>
9496 C<randbits>, C<randfunc>, C<randseedtype>, C<ranlib>, C<rd_nodata>,
9497 C<revision>, C<rm>, C<rmail>, C<run>, C<runnm>
9501 C<sched_yield>, C<scriptdir>, C<scriptdirexp>, C<sed>, C<seedfunc>,
9502 C<selectminbits>, C<selecttype>, C<sendmail>, C<sh>, C<shar>, C<sharpbang>,
9503 C<shmattype>, C<shortsize>, C<shrpenv>, C<shsharp>, C<sig_count>,
9504 C<sig_name>, C<sig_name_init>, C<sig_num>, C<sig_num_init>, C<sig_size>,
9505 C<signal_t>, C<sitearch>, C<sitearchexp>, C<sitebin>, C<sitebinexp>,
9506 C<sitelib>, C<sitelib_stem>, C<sitelibexp>, C<siteprefix>,
9507 C<siteprefixexp>, C<sizesize>, C<sizetype>, C<sleep>, C<smail>, C<so>,
9508 C<sockethdr>, C<socketlib>, C<socksizetype>, C<sort>, C<spackage>,
9509 C<spitshell>, C<sPRId64>, C<sPRIeldbl>, C<sPRIEUldbl>, C<sPRIfldbl>,
9510 C<sPRIFUldbl>, C<sPRIgldbl>, C<sPRIGUldbl>, C<sPRIi64>, C<sPRIo64>,
9511 C<sPRIu64>, C<sPRIx64>, C<sPRIXU64>, C<src>, C<sSCNfldbl>, C<ssizetype>,
9512 C<startperl>, C<startsh>, C<static_ext>, C<stdchar>, C<stdio_base>,
9513 C<stdio_bufsiz>, C<stdio_cnt>, C<stdio_filbuf>, C<stdio_ptr>,
9514 C<stdio_stream_array>, C<strings>, C<submit>, C<subversion>, C<sysman>
9518 C<tail>, C<tar>, C<targetarch>, C<tbl>, C<tee>, C<test>, C<timeincl>,
9519 C<timetype>, C<to>, C<touch>, C<tr>, C<trnl>, C<troff>
9523 C<u16size>, C<u16type>, C<u32size>, C<u32type>, C<u64size>, C<u64type>,
9524 C<u8size>, C<u8type>, C<uidformat>, C<uidsign>, C<uidsize>, C<uidtype>,
9525 C<uname>, C<uniq>, C<uquadtype>, C<use5005threads>, C<use64bitall>,
9526 C<use64bitint>, C<usecrosscompile>, C<usedl>, C<useithreads>,
9527 C<uselargefiles>, C<uselongdouble>, C<usemorebits>, C<usemultiplicity>,
9528 C<usemymalloc>, C<usenm>, C<useopcode>, C<useperlio>, C<useposix>,
9529 C<usereentrant>, C<usesfio>, C<useshrplib>, C<usesocks>, C<usethreads>,
9530 C<usevendorprefix>, C<usevfork>, C<usrinc>, C<uuname>, C<uvoformat>,
9531 C<uvsize>, C<uvtype>, C<uvuformat>, C<uvxformat>, C<uvXUformat>
9535 C<vendorarch>, C<vendorarchexp>, C<vendorbin>, C<vendorbinexp>,
9536 C<vendorlib>, C<vendorlib_stem>, C<vendorlibexp>, C<vendorprefix>,
9537 C<vendorprefixexp>, C<version>, C<version_patchlevel_string>,
9538 C<versiononly>, C<vi>, C<voidflags>
9542 C<xlibpth>, C<xs_apiversion>
9546 C<yacc>, C<yaccflags>
9558 =head2 Cwd - get pathname of current working directory
9568 =item getcwd and friends
9570 getcwd, cwd, fastcwd, fastgetcwd
9572 =item abs_path and friends
9574 abs_path, realpath, fast_abs_path
9586 =head2 DB - programmatic interface to the Perl debugging API (draft,
9598 =item Global Variables
9600 $DB::sub, %DB::sub, $DB::single, $DB::signal, $DB::trace, @DB::args,
9601 @DB::dbline, %DB::dbline, $DB::package, $DB::filename, $DB::subname,
9606 CLIENT->register(), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->skippkg('D::hide'),
9607 CLIENT->run(), CLIENT->step(), CLIENT->next(), CLIENT->done()
9609 =item Client Callback Methods
9611 CLIENT->init(), CLIENT->prestop([STRING]), CLIENT->stop(), CLIENT->idle(),
9612 CLIENT->poststop([STRING]), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->cleanup(),
9613 CLIENT->output(LIST)
9623 =head2 DB_File - Perl5 access to Berkeley DB version 1.x
9631 B<DB_HASH>, B<DB_BTREE>, B<DB_RECNO>
9635 =item Using DB_File with Berkeley DB version 2 or greater
9637 =item Interface to Berkeley DB
9639 =item Opening a Berkeley DB Database File
9641 =item Default Parameters
9643 =item In Memory Databases
9651 =item A Simple Example
9659 =item Changing the BTREE sort order
9661 =item Handling Duplicate Keys
9663 =item The get_dup() Method
9665 =item The find_dup() Method
9667 =item The del_dup() Method
9669 =item Matching Partial Keys
9677 =item The 'bval' Option
9679 =item A Simple Example
9681 =item Extra RECNO Methods
9683 B<$X-E<gt>push(list) ;>, B<$value = $X-E<gt>pop ;>, B<$X-E<gt>shift>,
9684 B<$X-E<gt>unshift(list) ;>, B<$X-E<gt>length>, B<$X-E<gt>splice(offset,
9687 =item Another Example
9691 =item THE API INTERFACE
9693 B<$status = $X-E<gt>get($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status =
9694 $X-E<gt>put($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>del($key [,
9695 $flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>fd ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>seq($key,
9696 $value, $flags) ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>sync([$flags]) ;>
9700 B<filter_store_key>, B<filter_store_value>, B<filter_fetch_key>,
9701 B<filter_fetch_value>
9707 =item An Example -- the NULL termination problem.
9709 =item Another Example -- Key is a C int.
9713 =item HINTS AND TIPS
9717 =item Locking: The Trouble with fd
9719 =item Safe ways to lock a database
9721 B<Tie::DB_Lock>, B<Tie::DB_LockFile>, B<DB_File::Lock>
9723 =item Sharing Databases With C Applications
9725 =item The untie() Gotcha
9729 =item COMMON QUESTIONS
9733 =item Why is there Perl source in my database?
9735 =item How do I store complex data structures with DB_File?
9737 =item What does "Invalid Argument" mean?
9739 =item What does "Bareword 'DB_File' not allowed" mean?
9759 =head2 Data::Dumper - stringified perl data structures, suitable for both
9760 printing and C<eval>
9772 I<PACKAGE>->new(I<ARRAYREF [>, I<ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Dump I<or>
9773 I<PACKAGE>->Dump(I<ARRAYREF [>, I<ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Seen(I<[HASHREF]>),
9774 I<$OBJ>->Values(I<[ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Names(I<[ARRAYREF]>),
9781 =item Configuration Variables or Methods
9783 $Data::Dumper::Indent I<or> I<$OBJ>->Indent(I<[NEWVAL]>),
9784 $Data::Dumper::Purity I<or> I<$OBJ>->Purity(I<[NEWVAL]>),
9785 $Data::Dumper::Pad I<or> I<$OBJ>->Pad(I<[NEWVAL]>),
9786 $Data::Dumper::Varname I<or> I<$OBJ>->Varname(I<[NEWVAL]>),
9787 $Data::Dumper::Useqq I<or> I<$OBJ>->Useqq(I<[NEWVAL]>),
9788 $Data::Dumper::Terse I<or> I<$OBJ>->Terse(I<[NEWVAL]>),
9789 $Data::Dumper::Freezer I<or> $I<OBJ>->Freezer(I<[NEWVAL]>),
9790 $Data::Dumper::Toaster I<or> $I<OBJ>->Toaster(I<[NEWVAL]>),
9791 $Data::Dumper::Deepcopy I<or> $I<OBJ>->Deepcopy(I<[NEWVAL]>),
9792 $Data::Dumper::Quotekeys I<or> $I<OBJ>->Quotekeys(I<[NEWVAL]>),
9793 $Data::Dumper::Bless I<or> $I<OBJ>->Bless(I<[NEWVAL]>),
9794 $Data::Dumper::Maxdepth I<or> $I<OBJ>->Maxdepth(I<[NEWVAL]>),
9795 $Data::Dumper::Useperl I<or> $I<OBJ>->Useperl(I<[NEWVAL]>),
9796 $Data::Dumper::Sortkeys I<or> $I<OBJ>->Sortkeys(I<[NEWVAL]>),
9797 $Data::Dumper::Deparse I<or> $I<OBJ>->Deparse(I<[NEWVAL]>)
9817 =head2 Devel::DProf - a Perl code profiler
9825 =item PROFILE FORMAT
9837 =head2 Devel::Peek - A data debugging tool for the XS programmer
9847 =item Runtime debugging
9849 =item Memory footprint debugging
9857 =item A simple scalar string
9859 =item A simple scalar number
9861 =item A simple scalar with an extra reference
9863 =item A reference to a simple scalar
9865 =item A reference to an array
9867 =item A reference to a hash
9869 =item Dumping a large array or hash
9871 =item A reference to an SV which holds a C pointer
9873 =item A reference to a subroutine
9887 =head2 Devel::SelfStubber - generate stubs for a SelfLoading module
9897 =head2 Digest:: - Modules that calculate message digests
9905 I<binary>, I<hex>, I<base64>
9909 $ctx = Digest->XXX($arg,...), $ctx = Digest->new(XXX => $arg,...), $ctx =
9910 Digest::XXX->new($arg,...), $ctx->reset, $ctx->add($data,...),
9911 $ctx->addfile($io_handle), $ctx->digest, $ctx->hexdigest, $ctx->b64digest
9919 =head2 Digest::MD5 - Perl interface to the MD5 Algorithm
9929 md5($data,...), md5_hex($data,...), md5_base64($data,...)
9933 $md5 = Digest::MD5->new, $md5->reset, $md5->add($data,...),
9934 $md5->addfile($io_handle), $md5->digest, $md5->hexdigest, $md5->b64digest
9946 =head2 DirHandle - supply object methods for directory handles
9958 =head2 Dumpvalue - provides screen dump of Perl data.
9970 C<arrayDepth>, C<hashDepth>, C<compactDump>, C<veryCompact>, C<globPrint>,
9971 C<dumpDBFiles>, C<dumpPackages>, C<dumpReused>, C<tick>, C<quoteHighBit>,
9972 C<printUndef>, C<usageOnly>, unctrl, subdump, bareStringify, quoteHighBit,
9977 dumpValue, dumpValues, dumpvars, set_quote, set_unctrl, compactDump,
9978 veryCompact, set, get
9984 =head2 DynaLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code
9992 @dl_library_path, @dl_resolve_using, @dl_require_symbols, @dl_librefs,
9993 @dl_modules, dl_error(), $dl_debug, dl_findfile(), dl_expandspec(),
9994 dl_load_file(), dl_unload_file(), dl_loadflags(), dl_find_symbol(),
9995 dl_find_symbol_anywhere(), dl_undef_symbols(), dl_install_xsub(),
10002 =head2 DynaLoader::XSLoader, XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into
10015 =head2 Encode - character encodings
10033 =item Characteristics of an Encoding
10035 =item Types of Encodings
10037 Fixed length 8-bit (or less) encodings, Fixed length 16-bit encodings,
10038 Fixed length 32-bit encodings, Multi-byte encodings, "Escape" encodings
10040 =item Specifying Encodings
10042 1. By name, 2. As an object
10044 =item Encoding Names
10046 The MIME name as defined in IETF RFCs, The name in the IANA registry, The
10047 name used by the organization that defined it
10051 =item PERL ENCODING API
10055 =item Generic Encoding Interface
10057 =item Handling Malformed Data
10059 Scheme 1, Scheme 2, Other Schemes
10063 =item Other Encodings of Unicode
10065 =item Listing available encodings
10067 =item Defining Aliases
10069 As a simple string, As a qr// compiled regular expression, e.g.:, As a code
10072 =item Defining Encodings
10076 =item Encoding and IO
10078 =item Encoding How to ...
10080 IO with mixed content (faking iso-2020-*), MIME's Content-Length:, UTF-8
10081 strings in binary data, Perl/Encode wrappers on non-Unicode XS modules
10083 =item Messing with Perl's Internals
10085 is_utf8(STRING [, CHECK]), valid_utf8(STRING)
10087 =item IMPLEMENTATION CLASSES
10089 -E<gt>name, -E<gt>new_sequence, -E<gt>encode($string,$check),
10090 -E<gt>decode($octets,$check)
10094 =item Compiled Encodings
10096 .enc, .ucm, .ucm, .c, .xs, ascii and iso-8859-*, IBM-1047 and two other
10097 variants of EBCDIC, symbol and dingbats as used by Tk on X11
10105 =head2 Encode::EncodeFormat, EncodeFormat - the format of encoding tables
10106 of the Encode extension
10112 [1] B<S>, [2] B<D>, [3] B<M>, [4] B<E>
10120 =head2 Encode::Tcl - Tcl encodings
10122 =head2 EncodeFormat - the format of encoding tables of the Encode extension
10128 [1] B<S>, [2] B<D>, [3] B<M>, [4] B<E>
10136 =head2 English - use nice English (or awk) names for ugly punctuation
10149 =head2 Env - perl module that imports environment variables as scalars or
10164 =head2 Errno - System errno constants
10180 =head2 Exporter - Implements default import method for modules
10190 =item How to Export
10192 =item Selecting What To Export
10194 =item Specialised Import Lists
10196 =item Exporting without using Export's import method
10198 =item Module Version Checking
10200 =item Managing Unknown Symbols
10202 =item Tag Handling Utility Functions
10208 =head2 Exporter::Heavy - Exporter guts
10218 =head2 ExtUtils::Command - utilities to replace common UNIX commands in
10239 mv source... destination
10241 cp source... destination
10259 =head2 ExtUtils::Constant - generate XS code to import C header constants
10269 IV, UV, NV, PV, PVN, SV, YES, NO, UNDEF
10279 memEQ_clause NAME, CHECKED_AT, INDENT
10281 assign INDENT, TYPE, PRE, POST, VALUE..
10285 switch_clause INDENT, NAMELEN, ITEMHASH, ITEM..
10293 C_constant, name, type, value, macro, default, pre, post, def_pre =item
10296 XS_constant PACKAGE, TYPES, SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME
10298 autoload PACKAGE, VERSION, AUTOLOADER
10300 WriteMakefileSnippet
10302 WriteConstants ATTRIBUTE =E<gt> VALUE [, ...], NAME, DEFAULT_TYPE,
10303 BREAKOUT_AT, NAMES, C_FILE, XS_FILE, SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME
10311 =head2 ExtUtils::Embed - Utilities for embedding Perl in C/C++ applications
10323 xsinit(), Examples, ldopts(), Examples, perl_inc(), ccflags(), ccdlflags(),
10324 ccopts(), xsi_header(), xsi_protos(@modules), xsi_body(@modules)
10334 =head2 ExtUtils::Install - install files from here to there
10344 =head2 ExtUtils::Installed - Inventory management of installed modules
10356 new(), modules(), files(), directories(), directory_tree(), validate(),
10357 packlist(), version()
10365 =head2 ExtUtils::Liblist - determine libraries to use and how to use them
10373 For static extensions, For dynamic extensions, For dynamic extensions
10379 =item LDLOADLIBS and LD_RUN_PATH
10389 =item VMS implementation
10391 =item Win32 implementation
10399 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
10400 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
10408 canonpath, cflags, manifypods, perl_archive
10412 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_NW5 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
10413 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
10439 test_via_harness (o)
10441 tool_autosplit (override)
10459 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_OS2 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
10460 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
10474 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Unix - methods used by ExtUtils::MakeMaker
10486 =item Preloaded methods
10506 =item SelfLoaded methods
10552 file_name_is_absolute
10558 =item Methods to actually produce chunks of text for the Makefile
10598 maybe_command_in_dirs
10626 post_initialize (o)
10638 replace_manpage_separator
10652 test_via_harness (o)
10654 test_via_script (o)
10684 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_VMS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
10685 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
10695 =item Methods always loaded
10707 =item SelfLoaded methods
10709 guess_name (override)
10713 find_perl (override)
10717 maybe_command (override)
10719 maybe_command_in_dirs (override)
10721 perl_script (override)
10723 file_name_is_absolute (override)
10725 replace_manpage_separator
10727 init_others (override)
10729 constants (override)
10733 const_cccmd (override)
10735 pm_to_blib (override)
10737 tool_autosplit (override)
10739 tool_sxubpp (override)
10741 xsubpp_version (override)
10743 tools_other (override)
10753 top_targets (override)
10757 dynamic_lib (override)
10759 dynamic_bs (override)
10761 static_lib (override)
10763 manifypods (override)
10765 processPL (override)
10767 installbin (override)
10769 subdir_x (override)
10773 realclean (override)
10775 dist_basics (override)
10777 dist_core (override)
10779 dist_dir (override)
10781 dist_test (override)
10785 perldepend (override)
10787 makefile (override)
10791 test_via_harness (override)
10793 test_via_script (override)
10795 makeaperl (override)
10797 nicetext (override)
10799 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Win32 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
10800 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
10826 test_via_harness (o)
10828 tool_autosplit (override)
10846 =head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker - create an extension Makefile
10856 =item How To Write A Makefile.PL
10858 =item Default Makefile Behaviour
10866 =item PREFIX and LIB attribute
10870 =item Static Linking of a new Perl Binary
10872 =item Determination of Perl Library and Installation Locations
10874 =item Which architecture dependent directory?
10876 =item Using Attributes and Parameters
10878 ABSTRACT, ABSTRACT_FROM, AUTHOR, BINARY_LOCATION, C, CCFLAGS, CONFIG,
10879 CONFIGURE, DEFINE, DIR, DISTNAME, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, EXCLUDE_EXT,
10880 EXE_FILES, FIRST_MAKEFILE, FULLPERL, FUNCLIST, H, HTMLLIBPODS,
10881 HTMLSCRIPTPODS, IMPORTS, INC, INCLUDE_EXT, INSTALLARCHLIB, INSTALLBIN,
10882 INSTALLDIRS, INSTALLHTMLPRIVLIBDIR, INSTALLHTMLSCRIPTDIR,
10883 INSTALLHTMLSITELIBDIR, INSTALLMAN1DIR, INSTALLMAN3DIR, INSTALLPRIVLIB,
10884 INSTALLSCRIPT, INSTALLSITEARCH, INSTALLSITELIB, INST_ARCHLIB, INST_BIN,
10885 INST_EXE, INST_HTMLLIBDIR, INST_HTMLSCRIPTDIR, INST_LIB, INST_MAN1DIR,
10886 INST_MAN3DIR, INST_SCRIPT, LDFROM, LIB, LIBPERL_A, LIBS, LINKTYPE,
10887 MAKEAPERL, MAKEFILE, MAN1PODS, MAN3PODS, MAP_TARGET, MYEXTLIB, NAME,
10888 NEEDS_LINKING, NOECHO, NORECURS, NO_VC, OBJECT, OPTIMIZE, PERL, PERL_CORE,
10889 PERLMAINCC, PERL_ARCHLIB, PERL_LIB, PERL_MALLOC_OK, PERLRUN, PERM_RW,
10890 PERM_RWX, PL_FILES, PM, PMLIBDIRS, PM_FILTER, POLLUTE, PPM_INSTALL_EXEC,
10891 PPM_INSTALL_SCRIPT, PREFIX, PREREQ_PM, PREREQ_FATAL, PREREQ_PRINT,
10892 PRINT_PREREQ, SKIP, TEST_LIBS, VERSION, VERSION_FROM, XS, XSOPT,
10893 XSPROTOARG, XS_VERSION
10895 =item Additional lowercase attributes
10897 clean, depend, dist, dynamic_lib, linkext, macro, realclean, test,
10900 =item Overriding MakeMaker Methods
10902 =item Hintsfile support
10904 =item Distribution Support
10906 make distcheck, make skipcheck, make distclean, make manifest,
10907 make distdir, make tardist, make dist, make uutardist, make
10908 shdist, make zipdist, make ci
10910 =item Disabling an extension
10916 PERL_MM_OPT, PERL_MM_USE_DEFAULT
10924 =head2 ExtUtils::Manifest - utilities to write and check a MANIFEST file
10932 =item MANIFEST.SKIP
10936 =item GLOBAL VARIABLES
10940 C<Not in MANIFEST:> I<file>, C<No such file:> I<file>, C<MANIFEST:> I<$!>,
10941 C<Added to MANIFEST:> I<file>
10945 B<PERL_MM_MANIFEST_DEBUG>
10953 =head2 ExtUtils::Miniperl, writemain - write the C code for perlmain.c
10965 =head2 ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap - make a bootstrap file for use by DynaLoader
10975 =head2 ExtUtils::Mksymlists - write linker options files for dynamic
10984 DLBASE, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, FILE, FUNCLIST, IMPORTS, NAME
10992 =head2 ExtUtils::Packlist - manage .packlist files
11004 new(), read(), write(), validate(), packlist_file()
11012 =head2 ExtUtils::testlib - add blib/* directories to @INC
11022 =head2 Fatal - replace functions with equivalents which succeed or die
11034 =head2 Fcntl - load the C Fcntl.h defines
11044 =item EXPORTED SYMBOLS
11048 =head2 File::Basename, fileparse - split a pathname into pieces
11056 fileparse_set_fstype, fileparse
11060 C<basename>, C<dirname>
11064 =head2 File::CheckTree, validate - run many filetest checks on a tree
11074 =head2 File::Compare - Compare files or filehandles
11088 =head2 File::Copy - Copy files or filehandles
11098 =item Special behaviour if C<syscopy> is defined (OS/2, VMS and Win32)
11100 rmscopy($from,$to[,$date_flag])
11112 =head2 File::DosGlob - DOS like globbing and then some
11122 =item EXPORTS (by request only)
11134 =head2 File::Find, find - traverse a file tree
11142 C<wanted>, C<bydepth>, C<preprocess>, C<postprocess>, C<follow>,
11143 C<follow_fast>, C<follow_skip>, C<dangling_symlinks>, C<no_chdir>,
11144 C<untaint>, C<untaint_pattern>, C<untaint_skip>
11150 $dont_use_nlink, symlinks
11158 =head2 File::Glob - Perl extension for BSD glob routine
11166 C<GLOB_ERR>, C<GLOB_LIMIT>, C<GLOB_MARK>, C<GLOB_NOCASE>, C<GLOB_NOCHECK>,
11167 C<GLOB_NOSORT>, C<GLOB_BRACE>, C<GLOB_NOMAGIC>, C<GLOB_QUOTE>,
11168 C<GLOB_TILDE>, C<GLOB_CSH>, C<GLOB_ALPHASORT>
11172 C<GLOB_NOSPACE>, C<GLOB_ABEND>
11180 =head2 File::Path - create or remove directory trees
11192 =head2 File::Spec - portably perform operations on file names
11202 canonpath, catdir, catfile, curdir, devnull, rootdir, tmpdir, updir,
11203 no_upwards, case_tolerant, file_name_is_absolute, path, join, splitpath,
11204 splitdir, catpath(), abs2rel, rel2abs()
11212 =head2 File::Spec::Epoc - methods for Epoc file specs
11246 =head2 File::Spec::Functions - portably perform operations on file names
11264 =head2 File::Spec::Mac - File::Spec for Mac OS (Classic)
11292 file_name_is_absolute
11314 =head2 File::Spec::OS2 - methods for OS/2 file specs
11324 =head2 File::Spec::Unix - File::Spec for Unix, base for other File::Spec
11357 file_name_is_absolute
11379 =head2 File::Spec::VMS - methods for VMS file specs
11395 =item Methods always loaded
11397 canonpath (override)
11415 case_tolerant (override)
11419 file_name_is_absolute (override)
11421 splitpath (override)
11423 splitdir (override)
11437 =head2 File::Spec::Win32 - methods for Win32 file specs
11467 =head2 File::Temp - return name and handle of a temporary file safely
11491 =item MKTEMP FUNCTIONS
11505 =item POSIX FUNCTIONS
11515 =item ADDITIONAL FUNCTIONS
11523 =item UTILITY FUNCTIONS
11531 =item PACKAGE VARIABLES
11533 B<safe_level>, STANDARD, MEDIUM, HIGH
11545 =item Temporary files and NFS
11557 =head2 File::stat - by-name interface to Perl's built-in stat() functions
11571 =head2 FileCache - keep more files open than the system permits
11583 =head2 FileHandle - supply object methods for filehandles
11591 $fh->print, $fh->printf, $fh->getline, $fh->getlines
11597 =head2 Filter::Simple - Simplified source filtering
11611 =item Disabling or changing <no> behaviour
11613 =item All-in-one interface
11615 =item Filtering only specific components of source code
11617 C<"code">, C<"executable">, C<"quotelike">, C<"string">, C<"regex">,
11620 =item Filtering only the code parts of source code
11622 Most source code ceases to be grammatically correct when it is broken up
11623 into the pieces between string literals and regexes. So the C<'code'>
11624 component filter behaves slightly differently from the other partial
11626 described in the previous section.
11628 =item Using Filter::Simple and Exporter together
11640 =head2 Filter::Util::Call - Perl Source Filter Utility Module
11650 =item B<use Filter::Util::Call>
11654 =item B<filter() and anonymous sub>
11656 B<$_>, B<$status>, B<filter_read> and B<filter_read_exact>, B<filter_del>
11664 =item Example 1: A simple filter.
11666 =item Example 2: Using the context
11668 =item Example 3: Using the context within the filter
11670 =item Example 4: Using filter_del
11674 =item Filter::Simple
11682 =head2 FindBin - Locate directory of original perl script
11690 =item EXPORTABLE VARIABLES
11702 =head2 GDBM_File - Perl5 access to the gdbm library.
11718 =head2 Getopt::Long - Extended processing of command line options
11726 =item Command Line Options, an Introduction
11728 =item Getting Started with Getopt::Long
11732 =item Simple options
11734 =item A little bit less simple options
11736 =item Mixing command line option with other arguments
11738 =item Options with values
11740 =item Options with multiple values
11742 =item Options with hash values
11744 =item User-defined subroutines to handle options
11746 =item Options with multiple names
11748 =item Case and abbreviations
11750 =item Summary of Option Specifications
11752 !, +, s, i, o, f, : I<type> [ I<desttype> ]
11756 =item Advanced Possibilities
11760 =item Object oriented interface
11762 =item Documentation and help texts
11764 =item Storing options in a hash
11768 =item The lonesome dash
11770 =item Argument callback
11774 =item Configuring Getopt::Long
11776 default, posix_default, auto_abbrev, getopt_compat, gnu_compat, gnu_getopt,
11777 require_order, permute, bundling (default: disabled), bundling_override
11778 (default: disabled), ignore_case (default: enabled), ignore_case_always
11779 (default: disabled), pass_through (default: disabled), prefix,
11780 prefix_pattern, debug (default: disabled)
11782 =item Return values and Errors
11788 =item Default destinations
11790 =item Alternative option starters
11792 =item Configuration variables
11796 =item Trouble Shooting
11800 =item Warning: Ignoring '!' modifier for short option
11802 =item GetOptions does not return a false result when an option is not
11805 =item GetOptions does not split the command line correctly
11807 =item How do I put a "-?" option into a Getopt::Long?
11813 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER
11817 =head2 Getopt::Std, getopt - Process single-character switches with switch
11828 =head2 I18N::Collate - compare 8-bit scalar data according to the current
11839 =head2 I18N::LangTags - functions for dealing with RFC3066-style language
11850 the function is_language_tag($lang1)
11852 the function extract_language_tags($whatever)
11854 the function same_language_tag($lang1, $lang2)
11856 the function similarity_language_tag($lang1, $lang2)
11858 the function is_dialect_of($lang1, $lang2)
11860 the function super_languages($lang1)
11862 the function locale2language_tag($locale_identifier)
11864 the function encode_language_tag($lang1)
11866 the function alternate_language_tags($lang1)
11868 the function @langs = panic_languages(@accept_languages)
11872 =item ABOUT LOWERCASING
11874 =item ABOUT UNICODE PLAINTEXT LANGUAGE TAGS
11884 =head2 I18N::LangTags::List -- tags and names for human languages
11892 =item ABOUT LANGUAGE TAGS
11894 =item LIST OF LANGUAGES
11896 {ab} : Abkhazian, {ace} : Achinese, {ach} : Acoli, {ada} : Adangme, {aa} :
11897 Afar, {afh} : Afrihili, {af} : Afrikaans, [{afa} : Afro-Asiatic (Other)],
11898 {aka} : Akan, {akk} : Akkadian, {sq} : Albanian, {ale} : Aleut, [{alg} :
11899 Algonquian languages], [{tut} : Altaic (Other)], {am} : Amharic, {i-ami} :
11900 Ami, [{apa} : Apache languages], {ar} : Arabic, {arc} : Aramaic, {arp} :
11901 Arapaho, {arn} : Araucanian, {arw} : Arawak, {hy} : Armenian, [{art} :
11902 Artificial (Other)], {as} : Assamese, [{ath} : Athapascan languages],
11903 [{aus} : Australian languages], [{map} : Austronesian (Other)], {ava} :
11904 Avaric, {ae} : Avestan, {awa} : Awadhi, {ay} : Aymara, {az} : Azerbaijani,
11905 {ban} : Balinese, [{bat} : Baltic (Other)], {bal} : Baluchi, {bam} :
11906 Bambara, [{bai} : Bamileke languages], {bad} : Banda, [{bnt} : Bantu
11907 (Other)], {bas} : Basa, {ba} : Bashkir, {eu} : Basque, {btk} : Batak
11908 (Indonesia), {bej} : Beja, {be} : Belarusian, {bem} : Bemba, {bn} :
11909 Bengali, [{ber} : Berber (Other)], {bho} : Bhojpuri, {bh} : Bihari, {bik} :
11910 Bikol, {bin} : Bini, {bi} : Bislama, {bs} : Bosnian, {bra} : Braj, {br} :
11911 Breton, {bug} : Buginese, {bg} : Bulgarian, {i-bnn} : Bunun, {bua} :
11912 Buriat, {my} : Burmese, {cad} : Caddo, {car} : Carib, {ca} : Catalan,
11913 [{cau} : Caucasian (Other)], {ceb} : Cebuano, [{cel} : Celtic (Other)],
11914 [{cai} : Central American Indian (Other)], {chg} : Chagatai, [{cmc} :
11915 Chamic languages], {ch} : Chamorro, {ce} : Chechen, {chr} : Cherokee, {chy}
11916 : Cheyenne, {chb} : Chibcha, {ny} : Chichewa, {zh} : Chinese, {chn} :
11917 Chinook Jargon, {chp} : Chipewyan, {cho} : Choctaw, {cu} : Church Slavic,
11918 {chk} : Chuukese, {cv} : Chuvash, {cop} : Coptic, {kw} : Cornish, {co} :
11919 Corsican, {cre} : Cree, {mus} : Creek, [{cpe} : English-based Creoles and
11920 pidgins (Other)], [{cpf} : French-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)],
11921 [{cpp} : Portuguese-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{crp} : Creoles
11922 and pidgins (Other)], {hr} : Croatian, [{cus} : Cushitic (Other)], {cs} :
11923 Czech, {dak} : Dakota, {da} : Danish, {day} : Dayak, {i-default} : Default
11924 (Fallthru) Language, {del} : Delaware, {din} : Dinka, {div} : Divehi, {doi}
11925 : Dogri, {dgr} : Dogrib, [{dra} : Dravidian (Other)], {dua} : Duala, {nl} :
11926 Dutch, {dum} : Middle Dutch (ca.1050-1350), {dyu} : Dyula, {dz} : Dzongkha,
11927 {efi} : Efik, {egy} : Ancient Egyptian, {eka} : Ekajuk, {elx} : Elamite,
11928 {en} : English, {enm} : Old English (1100-1500), {ang} : Old English
11929 (ca.450-1100), {eo} : Esperanto, {et} : Estonian, {ewe} : Ewe, {ewo} :
11930 Ewondo, {fan} : Fang, {fat} : Fanti, {fo} : Faroese, {fj} : Fijian, {fi} :
11931 Finnish, [{fiu} : Finno-Ugrian (Other)], {fon} : Fon, {fr} : French, {frm}
11932 : Middle French (ca.1400-1600), {fro} : Old French (842-ca.1400), {fy} :
11933 Frisian, {fur} : Friulian, {ful} : Fulah, {gaa} : Ga, {gd} : Scots Gaelic,
11934 {gl} : Gallegan, {lug} : Ganda, {gay} : Gayo, {gba} : Gbaya, {gez} : Geez,
11935 {ka} : Georgian, {de} : German, {gmh} : Middle High German (ca.1050-1500),
11936 {goh} : Old High German (ca.750-1050), [{gem} : Germanic (Other)], {gil} :
11937 Gilbertese, {gon} : Gondi, {gor} : Gorontalo, {got} : Gothic, {grb} :
11938 Grebo, {grc} : Ancient Greek, {el} : Modern Greek, {gn} : Guarani, {gu} :
11939 Gujarati, {gwi} : Gwich'in, {hai} : Haida, {ha} : Hausa, {haw} : Hawaiian,
11940 {he} : Hebrew, {hz} : Herero, {hil} : Hiligaynon, {him} : Himachali, {hi} :
11941 Hindi, {ho} : Hiri Motu, {hit} : Hittite, {hmn} : Hmong, {hu} : Hungarian,
11942 {hup} : Hupa, {iba} : Iban, {is} : Icelandic, {ibo} : Igbo, {ijo} : Ijo,
11943 {ilo} : Iloko, [{inc} : Indic (Other)], [{ine} : Indo-European (Other)],
11944 {id} : Indonesian, {ia} : Interlingua (International Auxiliary Language
11945 Association), {ie} : Interlingue, {iu} : Inuktitut, {ik} : Inupiaq, [{ira}
11946 : Iranian (Other)], {ga} : Irish, {mga} : Middle Irish (900-1200), {sga} :
11947 Old Irish (to 900), [{iro} : Iroquoian languages], {it} : Italian, {ja} :
11948 Japanese, {jw} : Javanese, {jrb} : Judeo-Arabic, {jpr} : Judeo-Persian,
11949 {kab} : Kabyle, {kac} : Kachin, {kl} : Kalaallisut, {kam} : Kamba, {kn} :
11950 Kannada, {kau} : Kanuri, {kaa} : Kara-Kalpak, {kar} : Karen, {ks} :
11951 Kashmiri, {kaw} : Kawi, {kk} : Kazakh, {kha} : Khasi, {km} : Khmer, [{khi}
11952 : Khoisan (Other)], {kho} : Khotanese, {ki} : Kikuyu, {kmb} : Kimbundu,
11953 {rw} : Kinyarwanda, {ky} : Kirghiz, {i-klingon} : Klingon, {kv} : Komi,
11954 {kon} : Kongo, {kok} : Konkani, {ko} : Korean, {kos} : Kosraean, {kpe} :
11955 Kpelle, {kro} : Kru, {kj} : Kuanyama, {kum} : Kumyk, {ku} : Kurdish, {kru}
11956 : Kurukh, {kut} : Kutenai, {lad} : Ladino, {lah} : Lahnda, {lam} : Lamba,
11957 {lo} : Lao, {la} : Latin, {lv} : Latvian, {lb} : Letzeburgesch, {lez} :
11958 Lezghian, {ln} : Lingala, {lt} : Lithuanian, {nds} : Low German, {loz} :
11959 Lozi, {lub} : Luba-Katanga, {lua} : Luba-Lulua, {lui} : Luiseno, {lun} :
11960 Lunda, {luo} : Luo (Kenya and Tanzania), {lus} : Lushai, {mk} : Macedonian,
11961 {mad} : Madurese, {mag} : Magahi, {mai} : Maithili, {mak} : Makasar, {mg} :
11962 Malagasy, {ms} : Malay, {ml} : Malayalam, {mt} : Maltese, {mnc} : Manchu,
11963 {mdr} : Mandar, {man} : Mandingo, {mni} : Manipuri, [{mno} : Manobo
11964 languages], {gv} : Manx, {mi} : Maori, {mr} : Marathi, {chm} : Mari, {mh} :
11965 Marshall, {mwr} : Marwari, {mas} : Masai, [{myn} : Mayan languages], {men}
11966 : Mende, {mic} : Micmac, {min} : Minangkabau, {i-mingo} : Mingo, [{mis} :
11967 Miscellaneous languages], {moh} : Mohawk, {mo} : Moldavian, [{mkh} :
11968 Mon-Khmer (Other)], {lol} : Mongo, {mn} : Mongolian, {mos} : Mossi, [{mul}
11969 : Multiple languages], [{mun} : Munda languages], {nah} : Nahuatl, {na} :
11970 Nauru, {nv} : Navajo, {nd} : North Ndebele, {nr} : South Ndebele, {ng} :
11971 Ndonga, {ne} : Nepali, {new} : Newari, {nia} : Nias, [{nic} :
11972 Niger-Kordofanian (Other)], [{ssa} : Nilo-Saharan (Other)], {niu} : Niuean,
11973 {non} : Old Norse, [{nai} : North American Indian], {se} : Northern Sami,
11974 {no} : Norwegian, {nb} : Norwegian Bokmal, {nn} : Norwegian Nynorsk, [{nub}
11975 : Nubian languages], {nym} : Nyamwezi, {nyn} : Nyankole, {nyo} : Nyoro,
11976 {nzi} : Nzima, {oc} : Occitan (post 1500), {oji} : Ojibwa, {or} : Oriya,
11977 {om} : Oromo, {osa} : Osage, {os} : Ossetian; Ossetic, [{oto} : Otomian
11978 languages], {pal} : Pahlavi, {i-pwn} : Paiwan, {pau} : Palauan, {pi} :
11979 Pali, {pam} : Pampanga, {pag} : Pangasinan, {pa} : Panjabi, {pap} :
11980 Papiamento, [{paa} : Papuan (Other)], {fa} : Persian, {peo} : Old Persian
11981 (ca.600-400 B.C.), [{phi} : Philippine (Other)], {phn} : Phoenician, {pon}
11982 : Pohnpeian, {pl} : Polish, {pt} : Portuguese, [{pra} : Prakrit languages],
11983 {pro} : Old Provencal (to 1500), {ps} : Pushto, {qu} : Quechua, {rm} :
11984 Raeto-Romance, {raj} : Rajasthani, {rap} : Rapanui, {rar} : Rarotongan,
11985 [{qaa - qtz} : Reserved for local use.], [{roa} : Romance (Other)], {ro} :
11986 Romanian, {rom} : Romany, {rn} : Rundi, {ru} : Russian, [{sal} : Salishan
11987 languages], {sam} : Samaritan Aramaic, [{smi} : Sami languages (Other)],
11988 {sm} : Samoan, {sad} : Sandawe, {sg} : Sango, {sa} : Sanskrit, {sat} :
11989 Santali, {sc} : Sardinian, {sas} : Sasak, {sco} : Scots, {sel} : Selkup,
11990 [{sem} : Semitic (Other)], {sr} : Serbian, {srr} : Serer, {shn} : Shan,
11991 {sn} : Shona, {sid} : Sidamo, {sgn-...} : Sign Languages, {bla} : Siksika,
11992 {sd} : Sindhi, {si} : Sinhalese, [{sit} : Sino-Tibetan (Other)], [{sio} :
11993 Siouan languages], {den} : Slave (Athapascan), [{sla} : Slavic (Other)],
11994 {sk} : Slovak, {sl} : Slovenian, {sog} : Sogdian, {so} : Somali, {son} :
11995 Songhai, {snk} : Soninke, {wen} : Sorbian languages, {nso} : Northern
11996 Sotho, {st} : Southern Sotho, [{sai} : South American Indian (Other)], {es}
11997 : Spanish, {suk} : Sukuma, {sux} : Sumerian, {su} : Sundanese, {sus} :
11998 Susu, {sw} : Swahili, {ss} : Swati, {sv} : Swedish, {syr} : Syriac, {tl} :
11999 Tagalog, {ty} : Tahitian, [{tai} : Tai (Other)], {tg} : Tajik, {tmh} :
12000 Tamashek, {ta} : Tamil, {i-tao} : Tao, {tt} : Tatar, {i-tay} : Tayal, {te}
12001 : Telugu, {ter} : Tereno, {tet} : Tetum, {th} : Thai, {bo} : Tibetan, {tig}
12002 : Tigre, {ti} : Tigrinya, {tem} : Timne, {tiv} : Tiv, {tli} : Tlingit,
12003 {tpi} : Tok Pisin, {tkl} : Tokelau, {tog} : Tonga (Nyasa), {to} : Tonga
12004 (Tonga Islands), {tsi} : Tsimshian, {ts} : Tsonga, {i-tsu} : Tsou, {tn} :
12005 Tswana, {tum} : Tumbuka, {tr} : Turkish, {ota} : Ottoman Turkish
12006 (1500-1928), {tk} : Turkmen, {tvl} : Tuvalu, {tyv} : Tuvinian, {tw} : Twi,
12007 {uga} : Ugaritic, {ug} : Uighur, {uk} : Ukrainian, {umb} : Umbundu, {und} :
12008 Undetermined, {ur} : Urdu, {uz} : Uzbek, {vai} : Vai, {ven} : Venda, {vi} :
12009 Vietnamese, {vo} : Volapuk, {vot} : Votic, [{wak} : Wakashan languages],
12010 {wal} : Walamo, {war} : Waray, {was} : Washo, {cy} : Welsh, {wo} : Wolof,
12011 {x-...} : Unregistered (Semi-Private Use), {xh} : Xhosa, {sah} : Yakut,
12012 {yao} : Yao, {yap} : Yapese, {yi} : Yiddish, {yo} : Yoruba, [{ypk} : Yupik
12013 languages], {znd} : Zande, [{zap} : Zapotec], {zen} : Zenaga, {za} :
12014 Zhuang, {zu} : Zulu, {zun} : Zuni
12018 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER
12024 =head2 I18N::Langinfo - query locale information
12042 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
12046 =head2 IO - load various IO modules
12056 =head2 IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory handles
12064 new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (),
12065 rewind (), close (), tie %hash, IO::Dir, DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ]
12075 =head2 IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles
12085 new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile
12089 open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] )
12097 =head2 IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O handles
12107 new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE )
12111 $io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines,
12112 $io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ), $io->error,
12113 $io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush ( ARGS ),
12114 $io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint
12126 =head2 IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes
12136 new ( [READER, WRITER] )
12140 reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles ()
12150 =head2 IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call
12160 mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ), remove (
12161 IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] )
12171 =head2 IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for I/O objects
12179 $io->getpos, $io->setpos, $io->seek ( POS, WHENCE ), WHENCE=0 (SEEK_SET),
12180 WHENCE=1 (SEEK_CUR), WHENCE=2 (SEEK_END), $io->sysseek( POS, WHENCE ),
12189 =head2 IO::Select - OO interface to the select system call
12199 new ( [ HANDLES ] )
12203 add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read (
12204 [ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ),
12205 count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, ERROR [, TIMEOUT ] )
12215 =head2 IO::Socket - Object interface to socket communications
12229 accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), atmark, connected,
12230 protocol, sockdomain, sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), socktype, timeout([VAL])
12240 =head2 IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for AF_INET domain sockets
12256 sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost
12269 =head2 IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for AF_UNIX domain sockets
12283 hostpath(), peerpath()
12293 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Dir, IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory
12302 new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (),
12303 rewind (), close (), tie %hash, IO::Dir, DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ]
12313 =head2 IO::lib::IO::File, IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles
12323 new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile
12327 open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] )
12335 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Handle, IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O
12346 new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE )
12350 $io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines,
12351 $io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ), $io->error,
12352 $io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush ( ARGS ),
12353 $io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint
12365 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Pipe, IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes
12375 new ( [READER, WRITER] )
12379 reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles ()
12389 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Poll, IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call
12399 mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ), remove (
12400 IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] )
12410 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Seekable, IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for
12419 $io->getpos, $io->setpos, $io->seek ( POS, WHENCE ), WHENCE=0 (SEEK_SET),
12420 WHENCE=1 (SEEK_CUR), WHENCE=2 (SEEK_END), $io->sysseek( POS, WHENCE ),
12429 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Select, IO::Select - OO interface to the select system
12440 new ( [ HANDLES ] )
12444 add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read (
12445 [ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ),
12446 count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, ERROR [, TIMEOUT ] )
12456 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket, IO::Socket - Object interface to socket
12471 accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), atmark, connected,
12472 protocol, sockdomain, sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), socktype, timeout([VAL])
12482 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket::INET, IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for
12483 AF_INET domain sockets
12499 sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost
12512 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket::UNIX, IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for
12513 AF_UNIX domain sockets
12527 hostpath(), peerpath()
12537 =head2 IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class
12547 new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set
12548 ( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [,
12559 =head2 IPC::Open2, open2 - open a process for both reading and writing
12573 =head2 IPC::Open3, open3 - open a process for reading, writing, and error
12586 =head2 IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object class
12596 new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ),
12597 getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ),
12598 set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N
12609 =head2 IPC::SysV - SysV IPC constants
12627 =head2 IPC::SysV::Msg, IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class
12637 new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set
12638 ( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [,
12649 =head2 IPC::SysV::Semaphore, IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object
12660 new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ),
12661 getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ),
12662 set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N
12673 =head2 List::Util - A selection of general-utility list subroutines
12681 first BLOCK LIST, max LIST, maxstr LIST, min LIST, minstr LIST, reduce
12682 BLOCK LIST, shuffle LIST, sum LIST
12684 =item SUGGESTED ADDITIONS
12690 =head2 List::Utilib::List::Util, List::Util - A selection of
12691 general-utility list subroutines
12699 first BLOCK LIST, max LIST, maxstr LIST, min LIST, minstr LIST, reduce
12700 BLOCK LIST, shuffle LIST, sum LIST
12702 =item SUGGESTED ADDITIONS
12708 =head2 List::Utilib::Scalar::Util, Scalar::Util - A selection of
12709 general-utility scalar subroutines
12717 blessed EXPR, dualvar NUM, STRING, isweak EXPR, readonly SCALAR, reftype
12718 EXPR, tainted EXPR, weaken REF
12726 =head2 Locale::Constants - constants for Locale codes
12734 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
12738 Locale::Language, Locale::Country, Locale::Currency
12746 =head2 Locale::Country - ISO codes for country identification (ISO 3166)
12758 B<alpha-2>, B<alpha-3>, B<numeric>
12764 =item CONVERSION ROUTINES
12766 code2country( CODE, [ CODESET ] ), country2code( STRING, [ CODESET ] ),
12767 country_code2code( CODE, CODESET, CODESET )
12773 =item QUERY ROUTINES
12775 C<all_country_codes( [ CODESET ] )>, C<all_country_names( [ CODESET ] )>
12781 =item CODE ALIASING
12791 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
12795 Locale::Language, Locale::Currency, ISO 3166,
12796 http://www.din.de/gremien/nas/nabd/iso3166ma/,
12797 http://www.egt.ie/standards/iso3166/iso3166-1-en.html,
12798 http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/docs/app-f.html
12806 =head2 Locale::Currency - ISO three letter codes for currency
12807 identification (ISO 4217)
12825 =item CONVERSION ROUTINES
12827 code2currency(), currency2code()
12833 =item QUERY ROUTINES
12835 C<all_currency_codes()>, C<all_currency_names()>
12843 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
12847 Locale::Country, ISO 4217:1995, http://www.bsi-global.com/iso4217currency
12855 =head2 Locale::Language - ISO two letter codes for language identification
12872 =item CONVERSION ROUTINES
12874 code2language(), language2code()
12880 =item QUERY ROUTINES
12882 C<all_language_codes()>, C<all_language_names()>
12890 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
12894 Locale::Country, Locale::Currency, ISO 639:1988 (E/F),
12895 http://lcweb.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/langhome.html
12903 =head2 Locale::Maketext -- framework for localization
12911 =item QUICK OVERVIEW
12917 =item Construction Methods
12919 =item The "maketext" Method
12921 $lh->fail_with I<or> $lh->fail_with(I<PARAM>), $lh->failure_handler_auto
12923 =item Utility Methods
12925 $language->quant($number, $singular), $language->quant($number, $singular,
12926 $plural), $language->quant($number, $singular, $plural, $negative),
12927 $language->numf($number), $language->sprintf($format, @items),
12928 $language->language_tag(), $language->encoding()
12930 =item Language Handle Attributes and Internals
12934 =item LANGUAGE CLASS HIERARCHIES
12936 =item ENTRIES IN EACH LEXICON
12938 =item BRACKET NOTATION
12940 =item AUTO LEXICONS
12942 =item CONTROLLING LOOKUP FAILURE
12944 =item HOW TO USE MAKETEXT
12948 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER
12954 =head2 Locale::Maketext::TPJ13 -- article about software localization
12962 =item Localization and Perl: gettext breaks, Maketext fixes
12966 =item A Localization Horror Story: It Could Happen To You
12968 =item The Linguistic View
12970 =item Breaking gettext
12972 =item Replacing gettext
12974 =item Buzzwords: Abstraction and Encapsulation
12976 =item Buzzword: Isomorphism
12978 =item Buzzword: Inheritance
12980 =item Buzzword: Concision
12982 =item The Devil in the Details
12984 =item The Proof in the Pudding: Localizing Web Sites
12992 =head2 MIME::Base64 - Encoding and decoding of base64 strings
13000 encode_base64($str, [$eol]), decode_base64($str)
13004 Premature end of base64 data, Premature padding of base64 data
13012 =head2 MIME::Base64::QuotedPrint, MIME::QuotedPrint - Encoding and decoding
13013 of quoted-printable strings
13021 encode_qp($str), decode_qp($str);
13027 =head2 MIME::QuotedPrint - Encoding and decoding of quoted-printable
13036 encode_qp($str), decode_qp($str);
13042 =head2 Math::BigFloat - Arbitrary size floating point math package
13052 =item Canonical notation
13056 =item C<mantissa()>, C<exponent()> and C<parts()>
13058 =item Accuracy vs. Precision
13062 ffround ( +$scale ), ffround ( -$scale ), ffround ( 0 ), fround ( +$scale
13063 ), fround ( -$scale ) and fround ( 0 )
13071 =item Autocreating constants
13077 stringify, bstr(), bdiv, Modifying and =, bpow
13085 =head2 Math::BigInt - Arbitrary size integer math package
13093 Canonical notation, Input, Output
13095 =item ACCURACY and PRECISION
13105 =item Rounding mode R
13107 'trunc', 'even', 'odd', '+inf', '-inf', 'zero', Precision, Accuracy
13108 (significant digits), Setting/Accessing, Creating numbers, Usage,
13109 Precedence, Overriding globals, Local settings, Rounding, Default values,
13122 =item mantissa(), exponent() and parts()
13128 use Math::BigInt qw(bstr);
13130 =item Autocreating constants
13136 =item Alternative math libraries
13142 Out of Memory!, Fails to load Calc on Perl prior 5.6.0
13146 stringify, bstr(), bsstr() and 'cmp', int(), length, bdiv, infinity
13147 handling, Modifying and =, bpow, Overloading -$x, Mixing different object
13158 =head2 Math::BigInt::Calc - Pure Perl module to support Math::BigInt
13168 =item WRAP YOUR OWN
13172 This program is free software; you may redistribute it and/or modify it
13174 the same terms as Perl itself.
13182 =head2 Math::Complex - complex numbers and associated mathematical
13195 =item STRINGIFICATION
13199 =item CHANGED IN PERL 5.6
13205 =item ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO OR LOGARITHM OF ZERO
13207 =item ERRORS DUE TO INDIGESTIBLE ARGUMENTS
13215 =head2 Math::Trig - trigonometric functions
13223 =item TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS
13229 =item ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO
13231 =item SIMPLE (REAL) ARGUMENTS, COMPLEX RESULTS
13235 =item PLANE ANGLE CONVERSIONS
13237 =item RADIAL COORDINATE CONVERSIONS
13241 =item COORDINATE SYSTEMS
13243 =item 3-D ANGLE CONVERSIONS
13245 cartesian_to_cylindrical, cartesian_to_spherical, cylindrical_to_cartesian,
13246 cylindrical_to_spherical, spherical_to_cartesian, spherical_to_cylindrical
13250 =item GREAT CIRCLE DISTANCES AND DIRECTIONS
13256 =item CAVEAT FOR GREAT CIRCLE FORMULAS
13266 =head2 Memoize - Make your functions faster by trading space for time
13284 =item C<SCALAR_CACHE>, C<LIST_CACHE>
13286 C<MEMORY>, C<HASH>, C<TIE>, C<FAULT>, C<MERGE>
13290 =item OTHER FACILITIES
13296 =item C<flush_cache>
13302 =item PERSISTENT CACHE SUPPORT
13304 =item EXPIRATION SUPPORT
13312 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
13318 =head2 Memoize::AnyDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for AnyDBM_File for
13327 =head2 Memoize::Expire - Plug-in module for automatic expiration of
13338 TIEHASH, EXISTS, STORE
13350 =head2 Memoize::ExpireFile - test for Memoize expiration semantics
13358 =head2 Memoize::ExpireTest - test for Memoize expiration semantics
13366 =head2 Memoize::NDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for NDBM_File for
13375 =head2 Memoize::SDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for SDBM_File for
13384 =head2 Memoize::Saves - Plug-in module to specify which return values
13401 =head2 Memoize::Storable - store Memoized data in Storable database
13409 =head2 NDBM_File - Tied access to ndbm files
13417 C<O_RDONLY>, C<O_WRONLY>, C<O_RDWR>
13423 =item C<ndbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...>
13427 =item BUGS AND WARNINGS
13431 =head2 NEXT - Provide a pseudo-class NEXT that allows method redispatch
13441 =item BUGS AND IRRITATIONS
13447 =head2 Net::Cmd - Network Command class (as used by FTP, SMTP etc)
13457 debug ( VALUE ), message (), code (), ok (), status (), datasend ( DATA ),
13460 =item CLASS METHODS
13462 debug_print ( DIR, TEXT ), debug_text ( TEXT ), command ( CMD [, ARGS, ...
13463 ]), unsupported (), response (), parse_response ( TEXT ), getline (),
13464 ungetline ( TEXT ), read_until_dot ()
13474 =head2 Net::Config - Local configuration data for libnet
13484 requires_firewall HOST
13486 =item NetConfig VALUES
13488 nntp_hosts, snpp_hosts, pop3_hosts, smtp_hosts, ph_hosts, daytime_hosts,
13489 time_hosts, inet_domain, ftp_firewall, ftp_firewall_type, ftp_ext_passive,
13490 ftp_int_pasive, local_netmask, test_hosts, test_exists
13494 =head2 Net::Domain - Attempt to evaluate the current host's internet name
13503 hostfqdn (), hostname (), hostdomain ()
13511 =head2 Net::FTP - FTP Client class
13523 new (HOST [,OPTIONS])
13527 login ([LOGIN [,PASSWORD [, ACCOUNT] ] ]), authorize ( [AUTH [, RESP]]),
13528 site (ARGS), type (TYPE [, ARGS]), ascii ([ARGS]) binary([ARGS])
13529 ebcdic([ARGS]) byte([ARGS]), rename ( OLDNAME, NEWNAME ), delete ( FILENAME
13530 ), cwd ( [ DIR ] ), cdup (), pwd (), restart ( WHERE ), rmdir ( DIR ),
13531 mkdir ( DIR [, RECURSE ]), ls ( [ DIR ] ), dir ( [ DIR ] ), get (
13532 REMOTE_FILE [, LOCAL_FILE [, WHERE]] ), put ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ]
13533 ), put_unique ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] ), append ( LOCAL_FILE [,
13534 REMOTE_FILE ] ), unique_name (), mdtm ( FILE ), size ( FILE ), supported (
13535 CMD ), hash ( [FILEHANDLE_GLOB_REF],[ BYTES_PER_HASH_MARK] ), nlst ( [ DIR
13536 ] ), list ( [ DIR ] ), retr ( FILE ), stor ( FILE ), stou ( FILE ), appe (
13537 FILE ), port ( [ PORT ] ), pasv (), pasv_xfer ( SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER [,
13538 DEST_FILE ] ), pasv_xfer_unique ( SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER [, DEST_FILE ] ),
13539 pasv_wait ( NON_PASV_SERVER ), abort (), quit ()
13543 =item Methods for the adventurous
13549 =item THE dataconn CLASS
13551 read ( BUFFER, SIZE [, TIMEOUT ] ), write ( BUFFER, SIZE [, TIMEOUT ] ),
13552 bytes_read (), abort (), close ()
13554 =item UNIMPLEMENTED
13556 B<ALLO>, B<SMNT>, B<HELP>, B<MODE>, B<SYST>, B<STAT>, B<STRU>, B<REIN>
13558 =item REPORTING BUGS
13566 http://www.csh.rit.edu/~adam/Progs/autoftp-2.0.tar.gz
13574 =head2 Net::NNTP - NNTP Client class
13584 new ( [ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ])
13588 article ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), body ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), head (
13589 [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), nntpstat ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), group ( [ GROUP ]
13590 ), ihave ( MSGID [, MESSAGE ]), last (), date (), postok (), authinfo (
13591 USER, PASS ), list (), newgroups ( SINCE [, DISTRIBUTIONS ]), newnews (
13592 SINCE [, GROUPS [, DISTRIBUTIONS ]]), next (), post ( [ MESSAGE ] ), slave
13597 =item Extension methods
13599 newsgroups ( [ PATTERN ] ), distributions (), subscriptions (),
13600 overview_fmt (), active_times (), active ( [ PATTERN ] ), xgtitle ( PATTERN
13601 ), xhdr ( HEADER, MESSAGE-SPEC ), xover ( MESSAGE-SPEC ), xpath (
13602 MESSAGE-ID ), xpat ( HEADER, PATTERN, MESSAGE-SPEC), xrover, listgroup ( [
13611 MESSAGE-SPEC, PATTERN, Examples, C<[^]-]>, C<*bdc>, C<[0-9a-zA-Z]>, C<a??d>
13621 =head2 Net::POP3 - Post Office Protocol 3 Client class (RFC1081)
13633 new ( [ HOST, ] [ OPTIONS ] )
13637 user ( USER ), pass ( PASS ), login ( [ USER [, PASS ]] ), apop ( USER,
13638 PASS ), top ( MSGNUM [, NUMLINES ] ), list ( [ MSGNUM ] ), get ( MSGNUM [,
13639 FH ] ), last (), popstat (), ping ( USER ), uidl ( [ MSGNUM ] ), delete (
13640 MSGNUM ), reset (), quit ()
13652 =head2 Net::Ping - check a remote host for reachability
13660 icmp, udp, tcp, stream, external
13666 Net::Ping->new([$proto [, $def_timeout [, $bytes]]]);, $p->ping($host [,
13667 $timeout]);, $p->open($host);, $p->close();, pingecho($host [, $timeout]);
13675 =head2 Net::SMTP - Simple Mail Transfer Protocol Client
13687 new Net::SMTP [ HOST, ] [ OPTIONS ]
13691 banner (), domain (), hello ( DOMAIN ), etrn ( DOMAIN ), mail ( ADDRESS [,
13692 OPTIONS] ), send ( ADDRESS ), send_or_mail ( ADDRESS ), send_and_mail (
13693 ADDRESS ), reset (), recipient ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [ ...]] [, OPTIONS ] ),
13694 to ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), cc ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), bcc (
13695 ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), data ( [ DATA ] ), expand ( ADDRESS ), verify
13696 ( ADDRESS ), help ( [ $subject ] ), quit ()
13706 =head2 Net::Time - time and daytime network client interface
13714 inet_time ( [HOST [, PROTOCOL [, TIMEOUT]]]), inet_daytime ( [HOST [,
13715 PROTOCOL [, TIMEOUT]]])
13723 =head2 Net::hostent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gethost*()
13740 =head2 Net::libnetFAQ, libnetFAQ - libnet Frequently Asked Questions
13748 =item Where to get this document
13750 =item How to contribute to this document
13754 =item Author and Copyright Information
13762 =item Obtaining and installing libnet
13766 =item What is libnet ?
13768 =item Which version of perl do I need ?
13770 =item What other modules do I need ?
13772 =item What machines support libnet ?
13774 =item Where can I get the latest libnet release
13778 =item Using Net::FTP
13782 =item How do I download files from an FTP server ?
13784 =item How do I transfer files in binary mode ?
13786 =item How can I get the size of a file on a remote FTP server ?
13788 =item How can I get the modification time of a file on a remote FTP server
13791 =item How can I change the permissions of a file on a remote server ?
13793 =item Can I do a reget operation like the ftp command ?
13795 =item How do I get a directory listing from an FTP server ?
13797 =item Changing directory to "" does not fail ?
13799 =item I am behind a SOCKS firewall, but the Firewall option does not work ?
13801 =item I am behind an FTP proxy firewall, but cannot access machines outside
13804 =item My ftp proxy firewall does not listen on port 21
13806 =item Is it possible to change the file permissions of a file on an FTP
13809 =item I have seen scripts call a method message, but cannot find it
13812 =item Why does Net::FTP not implement mput and mget methods
13816 =item Using Net::SMTP
13820 =item Why can't the part of an Email address after the @ be used as the
13823 =item Why does Net::SMTP not do DNS MX lookups ?
13825 =item The verify method always returns true ?
13829 =item Debugging scripts
13833 =item How can I debug my scripts that use Net::* modules ?
13837 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
13841 =head2 Net::netent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getnet*()
13858 =head2 Net::protoent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getproto*()
13873 =head2 Net::servent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getserv*()
13890 =head2 Netrc, Net::Netrc - OO interface to users netrc file
13898 =item THE .netrc FILE
13900 machine name, default, login name, password string, account string, macdef
13905 lookup ( MACHINE [, LOGIN ])
13909 login (), password (), account (), lpa ()
13919 =head2 O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends
13929 =item IMPLEMENTATION
13935 =head2 ODBM_File - Tied access to odbm files
13943 C<O_RDONLY>, C<O_WRONLY>, C<O_RDWR>
13949 =item C<odbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...>
13953 =item BUGS AND WARNINGS
13957 =head2 Opcode - Disable named opcodes when compiling perl code
13969 =item Operator Names and Operator Lists
13971 an operator name (opname), an operator tag name (optag), a negated opname
13972 or optag, an operator set (opset)
13974 =item Opcode Functions
13976 opcodes, opset (OP, ...), opset_to_ops (OPSET), opset_to_hex (OPSET),
13977 full_opset, empty_opset, invert_opset (OPSET), verify_opset (OPSET, ...),
13978 define_optag (OPTAG, OPSET), opmask_add (OPSET), opmask, opdesc (OP, ...),
13981 =item Manipulating Opsets
13983 =item TO DO (maybe)
13989 =item Predefined Opcode Tags
13991 :base_core, :base_mem, :base_loop, :base_io, :base_orig, :base_math,
13992 :base_thread, :default, :filesys_read, :sys_db, :browse, :filesys_open,
13993 :filesys_write, :subprocess, :ownprocess, :others, :still_to_be_decided,
14002 =head2 Opcode::Safe, Safe - Compile and execute code in restricted
14011 a new namespace, an operator mask
14017 =item RECENT CHANGES
14019 =item Methods in class Safe
14021 permit (OP, ...), permit_only (OP, ...), deny (OP, ...), deny_only (OP,
14022 ...), trap (OP, ...), untrap (OP, ...), share (NAME, ...), share_from
14023 (PACKAGE, ARRAYREF), varglob (VARNAME), reval (STRING), rdo (FILENAME),
14024 root (NAMESPACE), mask (MASK)
14026 =item Some Safety Issues
14028 Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes
14036 =head2 Opcode::ops, ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when
14049 =head2 POSIX - Perl interface to IEEE Std 1003.1
14063 _exit, abort, abs, access, acos, alarm, asctime, asin, assert, atan, atan2,
14064 atexit, atof, atoi, atol, bsearch, calloc, ceil, chdir, chmod, chown,
14065 clearerr, clock, close, closedir, cos, cosh, creat, ctermid, ctime,
14066 cuserid, difftime, div, dup, dup2, errno, execl, execle, execlp, execv,
14067 execve, execvp, exit, exp, fabs, fclose, fcntl, fdopen, feof, ferror,
14068 fflush, fgetc, fgetpos, fgets, fileno, floor, fmod, fopen, fork, fpathconf,
14069 fprintf, fputc, fputs, fread, free, freopen, frexp, fscanf, fseek, fsetpos,
14070 fstat, ftell, fwrite, getc, getchar, getcwd, getegid, getenv, geteuid,
14071 getgid, getgrgid, getgrnam, getgroups, getlogin, getpgrp, getpid, getppid,
14072 getpwnam, getpwuid, gets, getuid, gmtime, isalnum, isalpha, isatty,
14073 iscntrl, isdigit, isgraph, islower, isprint, ispunct, isspace, isupper,
14074 isxdigit, kill, labs, ldexp, ldiv, link, localeconv, localtime, log, log10,
14075 longjmp, lseek, malloc, mblen, mbstowcs, mbtowc, memchr, memcmp, memcpy,
14076 memmove, memset, mkdir, mkfifo, mktime, modf, nice, offsetof, open,
14077 opendir, pathconf, pause, perror, pipe, pow, printf, putc, putchar, puts,
14078 qsort, raise, rand, read, readdir, realloc, remove, rename, rewind,
14079 rewinddir, rmdir, scanf, setgid, setjmp, setlocale, setpgid, setsid,
14080 setuid, sigaction, siglongjmp, sigpending, sigprocmask, sigsetjmp,
14081 sigsuspend, sin, sinh, sleep, sprintf, sqrt, srand, sscanf, stat, strcat,
14082 strchr, strcmp, strcoll, strcpy, strcspn, strerror, strftime, strlen,
14083 strncat, strncmp, strncpy, strpbrk, strrchr, strspn, strstr, strtod,
14084 strtok, strtol, strtoul, strxfrm, sysconf, system, tan, tanh, tcdrain,
14085 tcflow, tcflush, tcgetpgrp, tcsendbreak, tcsetpgrp, time, times, tmpfile,
14086 tmpnam, tolower, toupper, ttyname, tzname, tzset, umask, uname, ungetc,
14087 unlink, utime, vfprintf, vprintf, vsprintf, wait, waitpid, wcstombs,
14094 =item POSIX::SigAction
14098 =item POSIX::SigSet
14100 new, addset, delset, emptyset, fillset, ismember
14102 =item POSIX::Termios
14104 new, getattr, getcc, getcflag, getiflag, getispeed, getlflag, getoflag,
14105 getospeed, setattr, setcc, setcflag, setiflag, setispeed, setlflag,
14106 setoflag, setospeed, Baud rate values, Terminal interface values, c_cc
14107 field values, c_cflag field values, c_iflag field values, c_lflag field
14108 values, c_oflag field values
14112 =item PATHNAME CONSTANTS
14116 =item POSIX CONSTANTS
14120 =item SYSTEM CONFIGURATION
14178 =head2 PerlIO - On demand loader for PerlIO layers and root of PerlIO::*
14187 unix, stdio, perlio, crlf, utf8, raw
14191 =item Defaults and how to override them
14201 =head2 PerlIO::Scalar - support module for in-memory IO.
14211 =head2 PerlIO::Via - Helper class for PerlIO layers implemented in perl
14219 $class->PUSHED([$mode][,$fh]), $obj->POPPED([$fh]),
14220 $class->OPEN($path,$mode[,$fh]), $class->FDOPEN($fd),
14221 $class->SYSOPEN($path,$imode,$perm,$fh), $obj->FILENO($fh),
14222 $obj->READ($buffer,$len,$fh), $obj->WRITE($buffer,$fh), $obj->FILL($fh),
14223 $obj->CLOSE($fh), $obj->SEEK($posn,$whence,$fh), $obj->TELL($fh),
14224 $obj->UNREAD($buffer,$fh), $obj->FLUSH($fh), $obj->SETLINEBUF($fh),
14225 $obj->CLEARERR($fh), $obj->ERROR($fh), $obj->EOF($fh)
14229 =head2 Pod::Checker, podchecker() - check pod documents for syntax errors
14235 =item OPTIONS/ARGUMENTS
14241 B<-warnings> =E<gt> I<val>
14253 empty =headn, =over on line I<N> without closing =back, =item without
14254 previous =over, =back without previous =over, No argument for =begin, =end
14255 without =begin, Nested =begin's, =for without formatter specification,
14256 unresolved internal link I<NAME>, Unknown command "I<CMD>", Unknown
14257 interior-sequence "I<SEQ>", nested commands
14258 I<CMD>E<lt>...I<CMD>E<lt>...E<gt>...E<gt>, garbled entity I<STRING>, Entity
14259 number out of range, malformed link LE<lt>E<gt>, nonempty ZE<lt>E<gt>,
14260 empty XE<lt>E<gt>, Spurious text after =pod / =cut, Spurious character(s)
14265 multiple occurence of link target I<name>, line containing nothing but
14266 whitespace in paragraph, file does not start with =head, previous =item has
14267 no contents, preceding non-item paragraph(s), =item type mismatch (I<one>
14268 vs. I<two>), I<N> unescaped C<E<lt>E<gt>> in paragraph, Unknown entity, No
14269 items in =over, No argument for =item, empty section in previous paragraph,
14270 Verbatim paragraph in NAME section
14274 ignoring leading/trailing whitespace in link, (section) in '$page'
14275 deprecated, alternative text/node '%s' contains non-escaped | or /
14287 C<Pod::Checker-E<gt>new( %options )>
14289 C<$checker-E<gt>poderror( @args )>, C<$checker-E<gt>poderror( {%opts},
14292 C<$checker-E<gt>num_errors()>
14294 C<$checker-E<gt>name()>
14296 C<$checker-E<gt>node()>
14298 C<$checker-E<gt>idx()>
14300 C<$checker-E<gt>hyperlink()>
14308 =head2 Pod::Find - find POD documents in directory trees
14320 =item C<pod_find( { %opts } , @directories )>
14322 C<-verbose =E<gt> 1>, C<-perl =E<gt> 1>, C<-script =E<gt> 1>, C<-inc =E<gt>
14329 =item C<simplify_name( $str )>
14335 =item C<pod_where( { %opts }, $pod )>
14337 C<-inc =E<gt> 1>, C<-dirs =E<gt> [ $dir1, $dir2, ... ]>, C<-verbose =E<gt>
14344 =item C<contains_pod( $file , $verbose )>
14356 =head2 Pod::Html - module to convert pod files to HTML
14366 backlink, cachedir, css, flush, header, help, htmldir, htmlroot, index,
14367 infile, libpods, netscape, outfile, podpath, podroot, quiet, recurse,
14382 =head2 Pod::InputObjects - objects representing POD input paragraphs,
14395 package B<Pod::InputSource>, package B<Pod::Paragraph>, package
14396 B<Pod::InteriorSequence>, package B<Pod::ParseTree>
14402 =item B<Pod::InputSource>
14426 =item B<was_cutting()>
14432 =item B<Pod::Paragraph>
14438 =item Pod::Paragraph-E<gt>B<new()>
14444 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<cmd_name()>
14450 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<text()>
14456 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<raw_text()>
14462 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<cmd_prefix()>
14468 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<cmd_separator()>
14474 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<parse_tree()>
14480 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<file_line()>
14486 =item B<Pod::InteriorSequence>
14492 =item Pod::InteriorSequence-E<gt>B<new()>
14498 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<cmd_name()>
14504 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<prepend()>
14510 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<append()>
14516 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<nested()>
14522 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<raw_text()>
14528 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<left_delimiter()>
14534 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<right_delimiter()>
14540 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<parse_tree()>
14546 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<file_line()>
14552 =item Pod::InteriorSequence::B<DESTROY()>
14558 =item B<Pod::ParseTree>
14564 =item Pod::ParseTree-E<gt>B<new()>
14570 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<top()>
14576 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<children()>
14582 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<prepend()>
14588 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<append()>
14594 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<raw_text()>
14600 =item Pod::ParseTree::B<DESTROY()>
14612 =head2 Pod::LaTeX - Convert Pod data to formatted Latex
14624 =item OBJECT METHODS
14632 =item Data Accessors
14648 B<ReplaceNAMEwithSection>
14650 B<StartWithNewPage>
14664 =item Subclassed methods
14678 B<interior_sequence>
14694 =item Methods for headings
14702 =item Internal methods
14708 B<_replace_special_chars>
14714 B<_clean_latex_commands>
14730 =head2 Pod::Man - Convert POD data to formatted *roff input
14738 center, date, fixed, fixedbold, fixeditalic, fixedbolditalic, name, quotes,
14743 roff font should be 1 or 2 chars, not "%s", Invalid link %s, Invalid quote
14744 specification "%s", %s:%d: Unknown command paragraph "%s", %s:%d: Unknown
14745 escape EE<lt>%sE<gt>, %s:%d: Unknown sequence %s, %s:%d: Unmatched =back
14753 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
14757 =head2 Pod::ParseLink -- Parse an L<> formatting code in POD text
14767 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
14771 =head2 Pod::ParseUtils - helpers for POD parsing and conversion
14785 Pod::List-E<gt>new()
14793 $list-E<gt>indent()
14801 $list-E<gt>parent()
14807 =item Pod::Hyperlink
14809 Pod::Hyperlink-E<gt>new()
14813 $link-E<gt>parse($string)
14815 $link-E<gt>markup($string)
14819 $link-E<gt>warning()
14821 $link-E<gt>file(), $link-E<gt>line()
14827 $link-E<gt>alttext()
14837 Pod::Cache-E<gt>new()
14843 $cache-E<gt>find_page($name)
14847 =item Pod::Cache::Item
14849 Pod::Cache::Item-E<gt>new()
14853 $cacheitem-E<gt>page()
14855 $cacheitem-E<gt>description()
14857 $cacheitem-E<gt>path()
14859 $cacheitem-E<gt>file()
14861 $cacheitem-E<gt>nodes()
14863 $cacheitem-E<gt>find_node($name)
14865 $cacheitem-E<gt>idx()
14875 =head2 Pod::Parser - base class for creating POD filters and translators
14887 =item QUICK OVERVIEW
14889 =item PARSING OPTIONS
14891 B<-want_nonPODs> (default: unset), B<-process_cut_cmd> (default: unset),
14892 B<-warnings> (default: unset)
14898 =item RECOMMENDED SUBROUTINE/METHOD OVERRIDES
14906 C<$cmd>, C<$text>, C<$line_num>, C<$pod_para>
14912 =item B<verbatim()>
14914 C<$text>, C<$line_num>, C<$pod_para>
14920 =item B<textblock()>
14922 C<$text>, C<$line_num>, C<$pod_para>
14928 =item B<interior_sequence()>
14934 =item OPTIONAL SUBROUTINE/METHOD OVERRIDES
14946 =item B<initialize()>
14952 =item B<begin_pod()>
14958 =item B<begin_input()>
14964 =item B<end_input()>
14976 =item B<preprocess_line()>
14982 =item B<preprocess_paragraph()>
14988 =item METHODS FOR PARSING AND PROCESSING
14994 =item B<parse_text()>
14996 B<-expand_seq> =E<gt> I<code-ref>|I<method-name>, B<-expand_text> =E<gt>
14997 I<code-ref>|I<method-name>, B<-expand_ptree> =E<gt>
14998 I<code-ref>|I<method-name>
15004 =item B<interpolate()>
15010 =item B<parse_paragraph()>
15016 =item B<parse_from_filehandle()>
15022 =item B<parse_from_file()>
15028 =item ACCESSOR METHODS
15034 =item B<errorsub()>
15046 =item B<parseopts()>
15052 =item B<output_file()>
15058 =item B<output_handle()>
15064 =item B<input_file()>
15070 =item B<input_handle()>
15076 =item B<input_streams()>
15082 =item B<top_stream()>
15088 =item PRIVATE METHODS AND DATA
15094 =item B<_push_input_stream()>
15100 =item B<_pop_input_stream()>
15106 =item TREE-BASED PARSING
15114 =head2 Pod::Plainer - Perl extension for converting Pod to old style Pod.
15134 =head2 Pod::Select, podselect() - extract selected sections of POD from
15147 =item SECTION SPECIFICATIONS
15149 =item RANGE SPECIFICATIONS
15155 =item OBJECT METHODS
15161 =item B<curr_headings()>
15173 =item B<add_selection()>
15179 =item B<clear_selections()>
15185 =item B<match_section()>
15191 =item B<is_selected()>
15197 =item EXPORTED FUNCTIONS
15203 =item B<podselect()>
15205 B<-output>, B<-sections>, B<-ranges>
15211 =item PRIVATE METHODS AND DATA
15217 =item B<_compile_section_spec()>
15223 =item $self->{_SECTION_HEADINGS}
15229 =item $self->{_SELECTED_SECTIONS}
15241 =head2 Pod::Text - Convert POD data to formatted ASCII text
15249 alt, code, indent, loose, quotes, sentence, width
15253 Bizarre space in item, Item called without tag, Can't open %s for reading:
15254 %s, Invalid quote specification "%s", %s:%d: Unknown command paragraph
15255 "%s", %s:%d: Unknown escape: %s, %s:%d: Unknown sequence: %s, %s:%d:
15266 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
15270 =head2 Pod::Text::Color - Convert POD data to formatted color ASCII text
15284 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
15288 =head2 Pod::Text::Overstrike - Convert POD data to formatted overstrike
15303 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
15307 =head2 Pod::Text::Termcap, Pod::Text::Color - Convert POD data to ASCII
15308 text with format escapes
15320 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
15324 =head2 Pod::Usage, pod2usage() - print a usage message from embedded pod
15333 C<-message>, C<-msg>, C<-exitval>, C<-verbose>, C<-output>, C<-input>,
15342 =item Recommended Use
15350 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
15354 =head2 SDBM_File - Tied access to sdbm files
15362 C<O_RDONLY>, C<O_WRONLY>, C<O_RDWR>
15368 =item C<sdbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...>
15372 =item BUGS AND WARNINGS
15376 =head2 Safe - Compile and execute code in restricted compartments
15384 a new namespace, an operator mask
15390 =item RECENT CHANGES
15392 =item Methods in class Safe
15394 permit (OP, ...), permit_only (OP, ...), deny (OP, ...), deny_only (OP,
15395 ...), trap (OP, ...), untrap (OP, ...), share (NAME, ...), share_from
15396 (PACKAGE, ARRAYREF), varglob (VARNAME), reval (STRING), rdo (FILENAME),
15397 root (NAMESPACE), mask (MASK)
15399 =item Some Safety Issues
15401 Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes
15409 =head2 Scalar::Util - A selection of general-utility scalar subroutines
15417 blessed EXPR, dualvar NUM, STRING, isweak EXPR, readonly SCALAR, reftype
15418 EXPR, tainted EXPR, weaken REF
15426 =head2 Search::Dict, look - search for key in dictionary file
15436 =head2 SelectSaver - save and restore selected file handle
15446 =head2 SelfLoader - load functions only on demand
15456 =item The __DATA__ token
15458 =item SelfLoader autoloading
15460 =item Autoloading and package lexicals
15462 =item SelfLoader and AutoLoader
15464 =item __DATA__, __END__, and the FOOBAR::DATA filehandle.
15466 =item Classes and inherited methods.
15470 =item Multiple packages and fully qualified subroutine names
15474 =head2 Shell - run shell commands transparently within perl
15484 =item OBJECT ORIENTED SYNTAX
15492 =head2 Socket, sockaddr_in, sockaddr_un, inet_aton, inet_ntoa - load the C
15493 socket.h defines and structure manipulators
15501 inet_aton HOSTNAME, inet_ntoa IP_ADDRESS, INADDR_ANY, INADDR_BROADCAST,
15502 INADDR_LOOPBACK, INADDR_NONE, sockaddr_in PORT, ADDRESS, sockaddr_in
15503 SOCKADDR_IN, pack_sockaddr_in PORT, IP_ADDRESS, unpack_sockaddr_in
15504 SOCKADDR_IN, sockaddr_un PATHNAME, sockaddr_un SOCKADDR_UN,
15505 pack_sockaddr_un PATH, unpack_sockaddr_un SOCKADDR_UN
15509 =head2 Storable - persistency for perl data structures
15519 =item ADVISORY LOCKING
15523 =item CANONICAL REPRESENTATION
15525 =item ERROR REPORTING
15533 C<STORABLE_freeze> I<obj>, I<cloning>, C<STORABLE_thaw> I<obj>, I<cloning>,
15538 C<Storable::last_op_in_netorder>, C<Storable::is_storing>,
15539 C<Storable::is_retrieving>
15563 =head2 Switch - A switch statement for Perl
15577 =item Allowing fall-through
15579 =item Automating fall-through
15581 =item Alternative syntax
15583 =item Higher-order Operations
15599 =head2 Symbol - manipulate Perl symbols and their names
15609 =head2 Sys::Hostname - Try every conceivable way to get hostname
15621 =head2 Syslog, Sys::Syslog, openlog, closelog, setlogmask, syslog - Perl
15622 interface to the UNIX syslog(3) calls
15630 openlog $ident, $logopt, $facility, syslog $priority, $format, @args,
15631 setlogmask $mask_priority, setlogsock $sock_type (added in 5.004_02),
15642 =head2 Syslog::Syslog, Sys::Syslog, openlog, closelog, setlogmask, syslog -
15643 Perl interface to the UNIX syslog(3) calls
15651 openlog $ident, $logopt, $facility, syslog $priority, $format, @args,
15652 setlogmask $mask_priority, setlogsock $sock_type (added in 5.004_02),
15663 =head2 Term::ANSIColor - Color screen output using ANSI escape sequences
15673 Bad escape sequence %s, Bareword "%s" not allowed while "strict subs" in
15674 use, Invalid attribute name %s, Name "%s" used only once: possible typo, No
15675 comma allowed after filehandle, No name for escape sequence %s
15679 ANSI_COLORS_DISABLED
15693 =head2 Term::Cap - Perl termcap interface
15705 =head2 Term::Complete - Perl word completion module
15713 E<lt>tabE<gt>, ^D, ^U, E<lt>delE<gt>, E<lt>bsE<gt>
15723 =head2 Term::ReadLine - Perl interface to various C<readline> packages. If
15724 no real package is found, substitutes stubs instead of basic functions.
15732 =item Minimal set of supported functions
15734 C<ReadLine>, C<new>, C<readline>, C<addhistory>, C<IN>, $C<OUT>,
15735 C<MinLine>, C<findConsole>, Attribs, C<Features>
15737 =item Additional supported functions
15739 C<tkRunning>, C<ornaments>, C<newTTY>
15749 =head2 Test - provides a simple framework for writing test scripts
15775 NORMAL TESTS, SKIPPED TESTS, TODO TESTS
15779 =item BUGS and CAVEATS
15789 =head2 Test::Builder - Backend for building test libraries
15809 =item Setting up tests
15825 =item Running tests
15831 B<is_eq>, B<is_num>
15849 B<no_header>, B<no_ending>
15861 B<output>, B<failure_output>, B<todo_output>
15865 =item Test Status and Info
15873 B<details> I<UNIMPLEMENTED>, B<todo>
15893 =head2 Test::Harness - run perl standard test scripts with statistics
15903 =item The test script output
15905 B<'1..M'>, B<'ok', 'not ok'. Ok?>, B<test numbers>,
15906 B<$Test::Harness::verbose>, B<$Test::Harness::switches>, B<Skipping tests>,
15907 B<Todo tests>, B<Bail out!>, B<Comments>, B<Anything else>
15911 B<Failed Test>, B<Stat>, B<Wstat>, B<Total>, B<Fail>, B<Failed>, B<List of
15936 C<All tests successful.\nFiles=%d, Tests=%d, %s>, C<FAILED tests
15937 %s\n\tFailed %d/%d tests, %.2f%% okay.>, C<Test returned status %d (wstat
15938 %d)>, C<Failed 1 test, %.2f%% okay. %s>, C<Failed %d/%d tests, %.2f%% okay.
15939 %s>, C<FAILED--Further testing stopped%s>
15943 C<HARNESS_IGNORE_EXITCODE>, C<HARNESS_NOTTY>, C<HARNESS_COMPILE_TEST>,
15944 C<HARNESS_FILELEAK_IN_DIR>, C<HARNESS_PERL_SWITCHES>, C<HARNESS_COLUMNS>,
15959 =head2 Test::More - yet another framework for writing test scripts
15969 =item I love it when a plan comes together
15979 =item I'm ok, you're not ok.
16007 =item Conditional tests
16017 =item Comparision functions
16033 =item BUGS and CAVEATS
16035 Making your own ok(), The eq_* family have some caveats, Test::Harness
16046 =head2 Test::Simple - Basic utilities for writing tests.
16072 L<Test::More>, L<Test>, L<Test::Unit>, L<Pod::Tests>, L<SelfTest>,
16077 =head2 Test::Tutorial - A tutorial about writing really basic tests
16085 =item Nuts and bolts of testing.
16087 =item Where to start?
16091 =item Test the manual
16093 =item Sometimes the tests are wrong
16095 =item Testing lots of values
16097 =item Informative names
16099 =item Skipping tests
16103 =item Testing with taint mode.
16111 =head2 Text::Abbrev, abbrev - create an abbreviation table from a list
16123 =head2 Text::Balanced - Extract delimited text sequences from strings.
16133 =item General behaviour in list contexts
16137 =item General behaviour in scalar and void contexts
16139 =item A note about prefixes
16141 =item C<extract_delimited>
16143 =item C<extract_bracketed>
16145 =item C<extract_tagged>
16147 C<reject =E<gt> $listref>, C<ignore =E<gt> $listref>, C<fail =E<gt> $str>,
16148 [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5]
16150 =item C<gen_extract_tagged>
16152 =item C<extract_quotelike>
16154 [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [10]
16156 =item C<extract_quotelike> and "here documents"
16158 [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7..10]
16160 =item C<extract_codeblock>
16162 =item C<extract_multiple>
16164 =item C<gen_delimited_pat>
16170 C<Did not find a suitable bracket: "%s">, C<Did not find prefix: /%s/>,
16171 C<Did not find opening bracket after prefix: "%s">, C<No quotelike
16172 operator found after prefix: "%s">, C<Unmatched closing bracket: "%c">,
16173 C<Unmatched opening bracket(s): "%s">, C<Unmatched embedded quote (%s)>,
16174 C<Did not find closing delimiter to match '%s'>, C<Mismatched closing
16175 bracket: expected "%c" but found "%s">, C<No block delimiter found after
16176 quotelike "%s">, C<Did not find leading dereferencer>, C<Bad identifier
16177 after dereferencer>, C<Did not find expected opening bracket at %s>,
16178 C<Improperly nested codeblock at %s>, C<Missing second block for quotelike
16179 "%s">, C<No match found for opening bracket>, C<Did not find opening tag:
16180 /%s/>, C<Unable to construct closing tag to match: /%s/>, C<Found invalid
16181 nested tag: %s>, C<Found unbalanced nested tag: %s>, C<Did not find closing
16186 =item BUGS AND IRRITATIONS
16192 =head2 Text::ParseWords - parse text into an array of tokens or array of
16207 =head2 Text::Soundex - Implementation of the Soundex Algorithm as Described
16224 =head2 Text::Tabs -- expand and unexpand tabs per the unix expand(1) and
16239 =head2 Text::Wrap - line wrapping to form simple paragraphs
16255 =head2 Thread - manipulate threads in Perl
16267 $thread = Thread->new(\&start_sub), $thread = Thread->new(\&start_sub,
16268 LIST), lock VARIABLE, async BLOCK;, Thread->self, cond_wait VARIABLE,
16269 cond_signal VARIABLE, cond_broadcast VARIABLE, yield
16273 join, eval, detach, equal, tid, flags, done
16281 =head2 Thread::Queue - thread-safe queues
16289 =item FUNCTIONS AND METHODS
16291 new, enqueue LIST, dequeue, dequeue_nb, pending
16297 =head2 Thread::Semaphore - thread-safe semaphores
16305 =item FUNCTIONS AND METHODS
16307 new, new NUMBER, down, down NUMBER, up, up NUMBER
16311 =head2 Thread::Signal - Start a thread which runs signal handlers reliably
16323 =head2 Thread::Specific - thread-specific keys
16333 =head2 Tie::Array - base class for tied arrays
16341 TIEARRAY classname, LIST, STORE this, index, value, FETCH this, index,
16342 FETCHSIZE this, STORESIZE this, count, EXTEND this, count, EXISTS this,
16343 key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, DESTROY this, PUSH this, LIST, POP this,
16344 SHIFT this, UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST
16352 =head2 Tie::Handle, Tie::StdHandle - base class definitions for tied
16361 TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, WRITE this, scalar, length, offset, PRINT this,
16362 LIST, PRINTF this, format, LIST, READ this, scalar, length, offset,
16363 READLINE this, GETC this, CLOSE this, OPEN this, filename, BINMODE this,
16364 EOF this, TELL this, SEEK this, offset, whence, DESTROY this
16366 =item MORE INFORMATION
16368 =item COMPATIBILITY
16372 =head2 Tie::Hash, Tie::StdHash - base class definitions for tied hashes
16380 TIEHASH classname, LIST, STORE this, key, value, FETCH this, key, FIRSTKEY
16381 this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, EXISTS this, key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this
16385 =item MORE INFORMATION
16389 =head2 Tie::RefHash - use references as hash keys
16407 =head2 Tie::Scalar, Tie::StdScalar - base class definitions for tied
16416 TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, DESTROY this
16418 =item MORE INFORMATION
16422 =head2 Tie::SubstrHash - Fixed-table-size, fixed-key-length hashing
16434 =head2 Time::HiRes - High resolution alarm, sleep, gettimeofday, interval
16443 gettimeofday (), usleep ( $useconds ), ualarm ( $useconds [,
16444 $interval_useconds ] ), tv_interval, time (), sleep ( $floating_seconds ),
16445 alarm ( $floating_seconds [, $interval_floating_seconds ] ), setitimer,
16446 getitimer ( $which )
16462 =head2 Time::Local - efficiently compute time from local and GMT time
16470 =item IMPLEMENTATION
16476 =head2 Time::gmtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gmtime()
16491 =head2 Time::localtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in localtime()
16506 =head2 Time::tm - internal object used by Time::gmtime and Time::localtime
16518 =head2 UNIVERSAL - base class for ALL classes (blessed references)
16526 $obj->isa( TYPE ), CLASS->isa( TYPE ), isa( VAL, TYPE ), $obj->can( METHOD
16527 ), CLASS->can( METHOD ), can( VAL, METHOD ), VERSION ( [ REQUIRE ] )
16531 =head2 Unicode::Collate - use UCA (Unicode Collation Algorithm)
16541 =item Constructor and Tailoring
16543 alternate, backwards, entry, ignoreName, ignoreChar, level, normalization,
16544 overrideCJK, overrideHangul, preprocess, rearrange, table, undefName,
16545 undefChar, katakana_before_hiragana, upper_before_lower
16547 =item Other methods
16549 C<@sorted = $Collator-E<gt>sort(@not_sorted)>, C<$result =
16550 $Collator-E<gt>cmp($a, $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>eq($a, $b)>,
16551 C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>ne($a, $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>lt($a,
16552 $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>le($a, $b)>, C<$result =
16553 $Collator-E<gt>gt($a, $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>ge($a, $b)>,
16554 C<$sortKey = $Collator-E<gt>getSortKey($string)>, C<$position =
16555 $Collator-E<gt>index($string, $substring)>, C<($position, $length) =
16556 $Collator-E<gt>index($string, $substring)>
16568 Unicode Collation Algorithm - Unicode TR #10, L<Unicode::Normalize>
16572 =head2 Unicode::Normalize - normalized forms of Unicode text
16580 C<$string_NFD = NFD($raw_string)>, C<$string_NFC = NFC($raw_string)>,
16581 C<$string_NFKD = NFKD($raw_string)>, C<$string_NFKC = NFKC($raw_string)>,
16582 C<$normalized_string = normalize($form_name, $raw_string)>
16594 L<Lingua::KO::Hangul::Util>, http://www.unicode.org/unicode/reports/tr15/
16598 =head2 Unicode::UCD - Unicode character database
16640 =item Blocks versus Scripts
16642 =item Matching Scripts and Blocks
16644 =item Code Point Arguments
16670 =item Unicode::UCD::UnicodeVersion
16676 =item Implementation Note
16688 =head2 User::grent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getgr*()
16703 =head2 User::pwent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getpw*()
16714 =item System Specifics
16728 =head2 Win32 - Interfaces to some Win32 API Functions
16736 =item Alphabetical Listing of Win32 Functions
16738 Win32::AbortSystemShutdown(MACHINE), Win32::BuildNumber(),
16739 Win32::CopyFile(FROM, TO, OVERWRITE), Win32::DomainName(),
16740 Win32::ExpandEnvironmentStrings(STRING), Win32::FormatMessage(ERRORCODE),
16741 Win32::FsType(), Win32::FreeLibrary(HANDLE), Win32::GetArchName(),
16742 Win32::GetChipName(), Win32::GetCwd(), Win32::GetFullPathName(FILENAME),
16743 Win32::GetLastError(), Win32::GetLongPathName(PATHNAME),
16744 Win32::GetNextAvailDrive(), Win32::GetOSVersion(),
16745 Win32::GetShortPathName(PATHNAME), Win32::GetProcAddress(INSTANCE,
16746 PROCNAME), Win32::GetTickCount(), Win32::InitiateSystemShutdown,
16747 Win32::IsWinNT(), Win32::IsWin95(), Win32::LoadLibrary(LIBNAME),
16748 Win32::LoginName(), Win32::LookupAccountName(SYSTEM, ACCOUNT, DOMAIN, SID,
16749 SIDTYPE), Win32::LookupAccountSID(SYSTEM, SID, ACCOUNT, DOMAIN, SIDTYPE),
16750 Win32::MsgBox(MESSAGE [, FLAGS [, TITLE]]), Win32::NodeName(),
16751 Win32::RegisterServer(LIBRARYNAME), Win32::SetCwd(NEWDIRECTORY),
16752 Win32::SetLastError(ERROR), Win32::Sleep(TIME), Win32::Spawn(COMMAND, ARGS,
16753 PID), Win32::UnregisterServer(LIBRARYNAME)
16759 =head2 XS::Typemap - module to test the XS typemaps distributed with perl
16777 =head2 XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code
16789 =head1 AUXILIARY DOCUMENTATION
16791 Here should be listed all the extra programs' documentation, but they
16792 don't all have manual pages yet:
16818 Larry Wall <F<larry@wall.org>>, with the help of oodles