4 perltoc - perl documentation table of contents
8 This page provides a brief table of contents for the rest of the Perl
9 documentation set. It is meant to be scanned quickly or grepped
10 through to locate the proper section you're looking for.
12 =head1 BASIC DOCUMENTATION
14 =head2 perl - Practical Extraction and Report Language
26 =item Reference Manual
28 =item Internals and C Language Interface
32 =item Platform-Specific
56 =head2 perlintro -- a brief introduction and overview of Perl
66 =item Running Perl programs
68 =item Basic syntax overview
70 =item Perl variable types
72 Scalars, Arrays, Hashes
74 =item Variable scoping
76 =item Conditional and looping constructs
78 if, while, for, foreach
80 =item Builtin operators and functions
82 Arithmetic, Numeric comparison, String comparison, Boolean logic,
87 =item Regular expressions
89 Simple matching, Simple substitution, More complex regular expressions,
90 Parentheses for capturing, Other regexp features
92 =item Writing subroutines
96 =item Using Perl modules
104 =head2 perlfaq - frequently asked questions about Perl ($Date: 2001/11/19
113 =item perlfaq: Structural overview of the FAQ.
115 =item L<perlfaq1>: General Questions About Perl
117 =item L<perlfaq2>: Obtaining and Learning about Perl
119 =item L<perlfaq3>: Programming Tools
121 =item L<perlfaq4>: Data Manipulation
123 =item L<perlfaq5>: Files and Formats
125 =item L<perlfaq6>: Regexps
127 =item L<perlfaq7>: General Perl Language Issues
129 =item L<perlfaq8>: System Interaction
131 =item L<perlfaq9>: Networking
135 =item About the perlfaq documents
139 =item Where to get the perlfaq
141 =item How to contribute to the perlfaq
143 =item What will happen if you mail your Perl programming problems to the
150 =item Author and Copyright Information
154 =item Bundled Distributions
162 1/November/2000, 23/May/99, 13/April/99, 7/January/99, 22/June/98,
163 24/April/97, 23/April/97, 25/March/97, 18/March/97, 17/March/97 Version,
164 Initial Release: 11/March/97
168 =head2 perlbook - Perl book information
176 =head2 perlsyn - Perl syntax
186 =item Simple statements
188 =item Compound statements
196 =item Basic BLOCKs and Switch Statements
200 =item PODs: Embedded Documentation
202 =item Plain Old Comments (Not!)
208 =head2 perldata - Perl data types
222 =item Scalar value constructors
224 =item List value constructors
228 =item Typeglobs and Filehandles
236 =head2 perlop - Perl operators and precedence
246 =item Terms and List Operators (Leftward)
248 =item The Arrow Operator
250 =item Auto-increment and Auto-decrement
254 =item Symbolic Unary Operators
256 =item Binding Operators
258 =item Multiplicative Operators
260 =item Additive Operators
262 =item Shift Operators
264 =item Named Unary Operators
266 =item Relational Operators
268 =item Equality Operators
272 =item Bitwise Or and Exclusive Or
274 =item C-style Logical And
276 =item C-style Logical Or
278 =item Range Operators
280 =item Conditional Operator
282 =item Assignment Operators
286 =item List Operators (Rightward)
292 =item Logical or and Exclusive Or
294 =item C Operators Missing From Perl
296 unary &, unary *, (TYPE)
298 =item Quote and Quote-like Operators
300 =item Regexp Quote-Like Operators
302 ?PATTERN?, m/PATTERN/cgimosx, /PATTERN/cgimosx, q/STRING/, C<'STRING'>,
303 qq/STRING/, "STRING", qr/STRING/imosx, qx/STRING/, `STRING`, qw/STRING/,
304 s/PATTERN/REPLACEMENT/egimosx, tr/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds,
305 y/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds, <<EOF
307 =item Gory details of parsing quoted constructs
309 Finding the end, Removal of backslashes before delimiters, Interpolation,
310 C<<<'EOF'>, C<m''>, C<s'''>, C<tr///>, C<y///>, C<''>, C<q//>, C<"">,
311 C<``>, C<qq//>, C<qx//>, C<< <file*glob> >>, C<?RE?>, C</RE/>, C<m/RE/>,
312 C<s/RE/foo/>,, Interpolation of regular expressions, Optimization of
317 =item Constant Folding
319 =item Bitwise String Operators
321 =item Integer Arithmetic
323 =item Floating-point Arithmetic
331 =head2 perlsub - Perl subroutines
341 =item Private Variables via my()
343 =item Persistent Private Variables
345 =item Temporary Values via local()
347 =item Lvalue subroutines
349 =item Passing Symbol Table Entries (typeglobs)
351 =item When to Still Use local()
353 =item Pass by Reference
357 =item Constant Functions
359 =item Overriding Built-in Functions
363 =item Subroutine Attributes
371 =head2 perlfunc - Perl builtin functions
379 =item Perl Functions by Category
381 Functions for SCALARs or strings, Regular expressions and pattern matching,
382 Numeric functions, Functions for real @ARRAYs, Functions for list data,
383 Functions for real %HASHes, Input and output functions, Functions for fixed
384 length data or records, Functions for filehandles, files, or directories,
385 Keywords related to the control flow of your perl program, Keywords related
386 to scoping, Miscellaneous functions, Functions for processes and process
387 groups, Keywords related to perl modules, Keywords related to classes and
388 object-orientedness, Low-level socket functions, System V interprocess
389 communication functions, Fetching user and group info, Fetching network
390 info, Time-related functions, Functions new in perl5, Functions obsoleted
395 =item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions
397 I<-X> FILEHANDLE, I<-X> EXPR, I<-X>, abs VALUE, abs, accept
398 NEWSOCKET,GENERICSOCKET, alarm SECONDS, alarm, atan2 Y,X, bind SOCKET,NAME,
399 binmode FILEHANDLE, DISCIPLINE, binmode FILEHANDLE, bless REF,CLASSNAME,
400 bless REF, caller EXPR, caller, chdir EXPR, chmod LIST, chomp VARIABLE,
401 chomp( LIST ), chomp, chop VARIABLE, chop( LIST ), chop, chown LIST, chr
402 NUMBER, chr, chroot FILENAME, chroot, close FILEHANDLE, close, closedir
403 DIRHANDLE, connect SOCKET,NAME, continue BLOCK, cos EXPR, cos, crypt
404 PLAINTEXT,SALT, dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MASK, defined EXPR,
405 defined, delete EXPR, die LIST, do BLOCK, do SUBROUTINE(LIST), do EXPR,
406 dump LABEL, dump, each HASH, eof FILEHANDLE, eof (), eof, eval EXPR, eval
407 BLOCK, exec LIST, exec PROGRAM LIST, exists EXPR, exit EXPR, exp EXPR, exp,
408 fcntl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, fileno FILEHANDLE, flock
409 FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, fork, format, formline PICTURE,LIST, getc FILEHANDLE,
410 getc, getlogin, getpeername SOCKET, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority
411 WHICH,WHO, getpwnam NAME, getgrnam NAME, gethostbyname NAME, getnetbyname
412 NAME, getprotobyname NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getservbyname
413 NAME,PROTO, gethostbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE,
414 getprotobynumber NUMBER, getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent,
415 gethostent, getnetent, getprotoent, getservent, setpwent, setgrent,
416 sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent
417 STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent, endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent,
418 endservent, getsockname SOCKET, getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR,
419 glob, gmtime EXPR, goto LABEL, goto EXPR, goto &NAME, grep BLOCK LIST, grep
420 EXPR,LIST, hex EXPR, hex, import, index STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, index
421 STR,SUBSTR, int EXPR, int, ioctl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, join
422 EXPR,LIST, keys HASH, kill SIGNAL, LIST, last LABEL, last, lc EXPR, lc,
423 lcfirst EXPR, lcfirst, length EXPR, length, link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, listen
424 SOCKET,QUEUESIZE, local EXPR, localtime EXPR, lock THING, log EXPR, log,
425 lstat EXPR, lstat, m//, map BLOCK LIST, map EXPR,LIST, mkdir FILENAME,MASK,
426 mkdir FILENAME, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget KEY,FLAGS, msgrcv
427 ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS, my EXPR, my EXPR : ATTRIBUTES,
428 next LABEL, next, no Module LIST, oct EXPR, oct, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open
429 FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR,LIST, open
430 FILEHANDLE,MODE,REFERENCE, open FILEHANDLE, opendir DIRHANDLE,EXPR, ord
431 EXPR, ord, our EXPR, our EXPR : ATTRIBUTES, pack TEMPLATE,LIST, package
432 NAMESPACE, package, pipe READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, pop ARRAY, pop, pos
433 SCALAR, pos, print FILEHANDLE LIST, print LIST, print, printf FILEHANDLE
434 FORMAT, LIST, printf FORMAT, LIST, prototype FUNCTION, push ARRAY,LIST,
435 q/STRING/, qq/STRING/, qr/STRING/, qx/STRING/, qw/STRING/, quotemeta EXPR,
436 quotemeta, rand EXPR, rand, read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, read
437 FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, readdir DIRHANDLE, readline EXPR, readlink EXPR,
438 readlink, readpipe EXPR, recv SOCKET,SCALAR,LENGTH,FLAGS, redo LABEL, redo,
439 ref EXPR, ref, rename OLDNAME,NEWNAME, require VERSION, require EXPR,
440 require, reset EXPR, reset, return EXPR, return, reverse LIST, rewinddir
441 DIRHANDLE, rindex STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, rindex STR,SUBSTR, rmdir FILENAME,
442 rmdir, s///, scalar EXPR, seek FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, seekdir
443 DIRHANDLE,POS, select FILEHANDLE, select, select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT,
444 semctl ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, send
445 SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS,TO, send SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS, setpgrp PID,PGRP, setpriority
446 WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shift ARRAY,
447 shift, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS, shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE,
448 shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, shutdown SOCKET,HOW, sin EXPR, sin, sleep
449 EXPR, sleep, sockatmark SOCKET, socket SOCKET,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL,
450 socketpair SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, sort SUBNAME LIST, sort
451 BLOCK LIST, sort LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,LIST, splice
452 ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH, splice ARRAY,OFFSET, splice ARRAY, split
453 /PATTERN/,EXPR,LIMIT, split /PATTERN/,EXPR, split /PATTERN/, split, sprintf
454 FORMAT, LIST, sqrt EXPR, sqrt, srand EXPR, srand, stat FILEHANDLE, stat
455 EXPR, stat, study SCALAR, study, sub BLOCK, sub NAME, sub NAME BLOCK,
456 substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH,REPLACEMENT, substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH, substr
457 EXPR,OFFSET, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen
458 FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE, sysopen FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, sysread
459 FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, sysread FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, sysseek
460 FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, system LIST, system PROGRAM LIST, syswrite
461 FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,
462 syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR, tell FILEHANDLE, tell, telldir DIRHANDLE, tie
463 VARIABLE,CLASSNAME,LIST, tied VARIABLE, time, times, tr///, truncate
464 FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, uc EXPR, uc, ucfirst EXPR,
465 ucfirst, umask EXPR, umask, undef EXPR, undef, unlink LIST, unlink, unpack
466 TEMPLATE,EXPR, untie VARIABLE, unshift ARRAY,LIST, use Module VERSION LIST,
467 use Module VERSION, use Module LIST, use Module, use VERSION, utime LIST,
468 values HASH, vec EXPR,OFFSET,BITS, wait, waitpid PID,FLAGS, wantarray, warn
469 LIST, write FILEHANDLE, write EXPR, write, y///
475 =head2 perlreftut - Mark's very short tutorial about references
481 =item Who Needs Complicated Data Structures?
489 =item Making References
491 =item Using References
509 =item Distribution Conditions
515 =head2 perldsc - Perl Data Structures Cookbook
521 arrays of arrays, hashes of arrays, arrays of hashes, hashes of hashes,
522 more elaborate constructs
526 =item COMMON MISTAKES
528 =item CAVEAT ON PRECEDENCE
530 =item WHY YOU SHOULD ALWAYS C<use strict>
536 =item ARRAYS OF ARRAYS
540 =item Declaration of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
542 =item Generation of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
544 =item Access and Printing of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
548 =item HASHES OF ARRAYS
552 =item Declaration of a HASH OF ARRAYS
554 =item Generation of a HASH OF ARRAYS
556 =item Access and Printing of a HASH OF ARRAYS
560 =item ARRAYS OF HASHES
564 =item Declaration of an ARRAY OF HASHES
566 =item Generation of an ARRAY OF HASHES
568 =item Access and Printing of an ARRAY OF HASHES
572 =item HASHES OF HASHES
576 =item Declaration of a HASH OF HASHES
578 =item Generation of a HASH OF HASHES
580 =item Access and Printing of a HASH OF HASHES
584 =item MORE ELABORATE RECORDS
588 =item Declaration of MORE ELABORATE RECORDS
590 =item Declaration of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS
592 =item Generation of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS
604 =head2 perlrequick - Perl regular expressions quick start
614 =item Simple word matching
616 =item Using character classes
618 =item Matching this or that
620 =item Grouping things and hierarchical matching
622 =item Extracting matches
624 =item Matching repetitions
628 =item Search and replace
630 =item The split operator
638 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
642 =item Acknowledgments
648 =head2 perlpod - the Plain Old Documentation format
656 =item Ordinary Paragraph
658 =item Verbatim Paragraph
660 =item Command Paragraph
662 C<=head1 I<Heading Text>>, C<=head2 I<Heading Text>>, C<=head3 I<Heading
663 Text>>, C<=head4 I<Heading Text>>, C<=over I<indentlevel>>, C<=item
664 I<stuff...>>, C<=back>, C<=cut>, C<=pod>, C<=begin I<formatname>>, C<=end
665 I<formatname>>, C<=for I<formatname> I<text...>>
667 =item Formatting Codes
669 C<IE<lt>textE<gt>> -- italic text, C<BE<lt>textE<gt>> -- bold text,
670 C<CE<lt>codeE<gt>> -- code text, C<LE<lt>nameE<gt>> -- a hyperlink,
671 C<EE<lt>escapeE<gt>> -- a character escape, C<FE<lt>filenameE<gt>> -- used
672 for filenames, C<SE<lt>textE<gt>> -- text contains non-breaking spaces,
673 C<XE<lt>topic nameE<gt>> -- an index entry, C<ZE<lt>E<gt>> -- a null
674 (zero-effect) formatting code
678 =item Embedding Pods in Perl Modules
680 =item Hints for Writing Pod
690 =head2 perlpodspec - Plain Old Documentation: format specification and
697 =item Pod Definitions
701 "=head1", "=head2", "=head3", "=head4", "=pod", "=cut", "=over", "=item",
702 "=back", "=begin formatname", "=end formatname", "=for formatname text..."
704 =item Pod Formatting Codes
706 C<IE<lt>textE<gt>> -- italic text, C<BE<lt>textE<gt>> -- bold text,
707 C<CE<lt>codeE<gt>> -- code text, C<FE<lt>filenameE<gt>> -- style for
708 filenames, C<XE<lt>topic nameE<gt>> -- an index entry, C<ZE<lt>E<gt>> -- a
709 null (zero-effect) formatting code, C<LE<lt>nameE<gt>> -- a hyperlink,
710 C<EE<lt>escapeE<gt>> -- a character escape, C<SE<lt>textE<gt>> -- text
711 contains non-breaking spaces
713 =item Notes on Implementing Pod Processors
715 =item About LE<lt>...E<gt> Codes
717 First:, Second:, Third:, Fourth:, Fifth:, Sixth:
719 =item About =over...=back Regions
721 =item About Data Paragraphs and "=begin/=end" Regions
729 =head2 perlstyle - Perl style guide
737 =head2 perltrap - Perl traps for the unwary
755 =item Perl4 to Perl5 Traps
757 Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps, Parsing Traps, Numerical
758 Traps, General data type traps, Context Traps - scalar, list contexts,
759 Precedence Traps, General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc,
760 Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps, OS Traps, DBM Traps, Unclassified Traps
762 =item Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps
764 Discontinuance, Deprecation, BugFix, Discontinuance, Discontinuance,
765 Discontinuance, BugFix, Discontinuance, Discontinuance, BugFix,
766 Discontinuance, Deprecation, Discontinuance, Discontinuance
770 Parsing, Parsing, Parsing, Parsing, Parsing
772 =item Numerical Traps
774 Numerical, Numerical, Numerical, Bitwise string ops
776 =item General data type traps
778 (Arrays), (Arrays), (Hashes), (Globs), (Globs), (Scalar String),
779 (Constants), (Scalars), (Variable Suicide)
781 =item Context Traps - scalar, list contexts
783 (list context), (scalar context), (scalar context), (list, builtin)
785 =item Precedence Traps
787 Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence,
790 =item General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc.
792 Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular
793 Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression,
796 =item Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps
798 (Signals), (Sort Subroutine), warn() won't let you specify a filehandle
804 =item Interpolation Traps
806 Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation,
807 Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation
813 =item Unclassified Traps
815 C<require>/C<do> trap using returned value, C<split> on empty string with
822 =head2 perlrun - how to execute the Perl interpreter
832 =item #! and quoting on non-Unix systems
834 OS/2, MS-DOS, Win95/NT, Macintosh, VMS
836 =item Location of Perl
838 =item Command Switches
840 B<-0>[I<digits>], B<-a>, B<-C>, B<-c>, B<-d>, B<-d:>I<foo[=bar,baz]>,
841 B<-D>I<letters>, B<-D>I<number>, B<-e> I<commandline>, B<-F>I<pattern>,
842 B<-h>, B<-i>[I<extension>], B<-I>I<directory>, B<-l>[I<octnum>],
843 B<-m>[B<->]I<module>, B<-M>[B<->]I<module>, B<-M>[B<->]I<'module ...'>,
844 B<-[mM]>[B<->]I<module=arg[,arg]...>, B<-n>, B<-p>, B<-P>, B<-s>, B<-S>,
845 B<-t>, B<-T>, B<-u>, B<-U>, B<-v>, B<-V>, B<-V:>I<name>, B<-w>, B<-W>,
846 B<-X>, B<-x> I<directory>
852 HOME, LOGDIR, PATH, PERL5LIB, PERL5OPT, PERLLIB, PERL5DB, PERL5SHELL
853 (specific to the Win32 port), PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS, PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL,
854 PERL_ENCODING, PERL_ROOT (specific to the VMS port), SYS$LOGIN (specific to
859 =head2 perldiag - various Perl diagnostics
867 =head2 perllexwarn - Perl Lexical Warnings
875 =item Default Warnings and Optional Warnings
877 =item What's wrong with B<-w> and C<$^W>
879 =item Controlling Warnings from the Command Line
883 =item Backward Compatibility
885 =item Category Hierarchy
889 =item Reporting Warnings from a Module
901 =head2 perldebtut - Perl debugging tutorial
909 =item Looking at data and -w and w
913 =item Stepping through code
915 =item Placeholder for a, w, t, T
917 =item REGULAR EXPRESSIONS
935 =head2 perldebug - Perl debugging
941 =item The Perl Debugger
945 =item Debugger Commands
947 h [command], p expr, x expr, V [pkg [vars]], X [vars], T, s [expr], n
948 [expr], r, <CR>, c [line|sub], l, l min+incr, l min-max, l line, l subname,
949 -, w [line], f filename, /pattern/, ?pattern?, L, S [[!]regex], t, t expr,
950 b [line] [condition], b subname [condition], b postpone subname
951 [condition], b load filename, b compile subname, d [line], D, a [line]
952 command, a [line], A, W expr, W, O booloption .., O anyoption? .., O
953 option=value .., < ?, < [ command ], << command, > ?, > command, >>
954 command, { ?, { [ command ], {{ command, ! number, ! -number, ! pattern, !!
955 cmd, @ file, H -number, q or ^D, R, |dbcmd, ||dbcmd, command, m expr, man
958 =item Configurable Options
960 C<recallCommand>, C<ShellBang>, C<pager>, C<tkRunning>, C<signalLevel>,
961 C<warnLevel>, C<dieLevel>, C<AutoTrace>, C<LineInfo>, C<inhibit_exit>,
962 C<PrintRet>, C<ornaments>, C<frame>, C<maxTraceLen>, C<windowSize>,
963 C<arrayDepth>, C<hashDepth>, C<compactDump>, C<veryCompact>, C<globPrint>,
964 C<DumpDBFiles>, C<DumpPackages>, C<DumpReused>, C<quote>, C<HighBit>,
965 C<undefPrint>, C<UsageOnly>, C<TTY>, C<noTTY>, C<ReadLine>, C<NonStop>
967 =item Debugger input/output
969 Prompt, Multiline commands, Stack backtrace, Line Listing Format, Frame
972 =item Debugging compile-time statements
974 =item Debugger Customization
976 =item Readline Support
978 =item Editor Support for Debugging
980 =item The Perl Profiler
984 =item Debugging regular expressions
986 =item Debugging memory usage
994 =head2 perlvar - Perl predefined variables
1002 =item Predefined Names
1004 $ARG, $_, $a, $b, $<I<digits>>, $MATCH, $&, $PREMATCH, $`, $POSTMATCH, $',
1005 $LAST_PAREN_MATCH, $+, $^N, @LAST_MATCH_END, @+, $MULTILINE_MATCHING, $*,
1006 HANDLE->input_line_number(EXPR), $INPUT_LINE_NUMBER, $NR, $,
1007 IO::Handle->input_record_separator(EXPR), $INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $RS, $/,
1008 HANDLE->autoflush(EXPR), $OUTPUT_AUTOFLUSH, $|,
1009 IO::Handle->output_field_separator EXPR, $OUTPUT_FIELD_SEPARATOR, $OFS, $,,
1010 IO::Handle->output_record_separator EXPR, $OUTPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $ORS,
1011 $\, $LIST_SEPARATOR, $", $SUBSCRIPT_SEPARATOR, $SUBSEP, $;, $OFMT, $#,
1012 HANDLE->format_page_number(EXPR), $FORMAT_PAGE_NUMBER, $%,
1013 HANDLE->format_lines_per_page(EXPR), $FORMAT_LINES_PER_PAGE, $=,
1014 HANDLE->format_lines_left(EXPR), $FORMAT_LINES_LEFT, $-, @LAST_MATCH_START,
1015 @-, C<$`> is the same as C<substr($var, 0, $-[0])>, C<$&> is the same as
1016 C<substr($var, $-[0], $+[0] - $-[0])>, C<$'> is the same as C<substr($var,
1017 $+[0])>, C<$1> is the same as C<substr($var, $-[1], $+[1] - $-[1])>, C<$2>
1018 is the same as C<substr($var, $-[2], $+[2] - $-[2])>, C<$3> is the same as
1019 C<substr $var, $-[3], $+[3] - $-[3])>, HANDLE->format_name(EXPR),
1020 $FORMAT_NAME, $~, HANDLE->format_top_name(EXPR), $FORMAT_TOP_NAME, $^,
1021 IO::Handle->format_line_break_characters EXPR,
1022 $FORMAT_LINE_BREAK_CHARACTERS, $:, IO::Handle->format_formfeed EXPR,
1023 $FORMAT_FORMFEED, $^L, $ACCUMULATOR, $^A, $CHILD_ERROR, $?, ${^ENCODING},
1024 $OS_ERROR, $ERRNO, $!, $EXTENDED_OS_ERROR, $^E, $EVAL_ERROR, $@,
1025 $PROCESS_ID, $PID, $$, $REAL_USER_ID, $UID, $<, $EFFECTIVE_USER_ID, $EUID,
1026 $>, $REAL_GROUP_ID, $GID, $(, $EFFECTIVE_GROUP_ID, $EGID, $),
1027 $PROGRAM_NAME, $0, $[, $], $COMPILING, $^C, $DEBUGGING, $^D,
1028 $SYSTEM_FD_MAX, $^F, $^H, %^H, $INPLACE_EDIT, $^I, $^M, $OSNAME, $^O,
1029 ${^OPEN}, $PERLDB, $^P, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80,
1030 0x100, 0x200, $LAST_REGEXP_CODE_RESULT, $^R, $EXCEPTIONS_BEING_CAUGHT, $^S,
1031 $BASETIME, $^T, ${^TAINT}, $PERL_VERSION, $^V, $WARNING, $^W,
1032 ${^WARNING_BITS}, ${^WIDE_SYSTEM_CALLS}, $EXECUTABLE_NAME, $^X, ARGV,
1033 $ARGV, @ARGV, @F, @INC, @_, %INC, %ENV, $ENV{expr}, %SIG, $SIG{expr}
1035 =item Error Indicators
1037 =item Technical Note on the Syntax of Variable Names
1045 =head2 perllol - Manipulating Arrays of Arrays in Perl
1053 =item Declaration and Access of Arrays of Arrays
1055 =item Growing Your Own
1057 =item Access and Printing
1069 =head2 perlopentut - tutorial on opening things in Perl
1075 =item Open E<agrave> la shell
1083 =item The Minus File
1085 =item Mixing Reads and Writes
1091 =item Open E<agrave> la C
1095 =item Permissions E<agrave> la mode
1099 =item Obscure Open Tricks
1103 =item Re-Opening Files (dups)
1105 =item Dispelling the Dweomer
1107 =item Paths as Opens
1109 =item Single Argument Open
1111 =item Playing with STDIN and STDOUT
1115 =item Other I/O Issues
1119 =item Opening Non-File Files
1129 =item AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT
1135 =head2 perlpacktut - tutorial on C<pack> and C<unpack>
1141 =item The Basic Principle
1145 =item Packing Numbers
1151 =item Unpacking a Stack Frame
1153 =item How to Eat an Egg on a Net
1155 =item Floating point Numbers
1159 =item Exotic Templates
1171 =item Another Portable Binary Encoding
1175 =item Lengths and Widths
1179 =item String Lengths
1181 =item Dynamic Templates
1185 =item Packing and Unpacking C Structures
1189 =item The Alignment Pit
1191 =item Alignment, Take 2
1193 =item Alignment, Take 3
1195 =item Pointers for How to Use Them
1201 =item Funnies Section
1207 =head2 perlretut - Perl regular expressions tutorial
1213 =item Part 1: The basics
1217 =item Simple word matching
1219 =item Using character classes
1221 =item Matching this or that
1223 =item Grouping things and hierarchical matching
1225 =item Extracting matches
1227 =item Matching repetitions
1229 =item Building a regexp
1231 =item Using regular expressions in Perl
1235 =item Part 2: Power tools
1239 =item More on characters, strings, and character classes
1241 =item Compiling and saving regular expressions
1243 =item Embedding comments and modifiers in a regular expression
1245 =item Non-capturing groupings
1247 =item Looking ahead and looking behind
1249 =item Using independent subexpressions to prevent backtracking
1251 =item Conditional expressions
1253 =item A bit of magic: executing Perl code in a regular expression
1255 =item Pragmas and debugging
1263 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1267 =item Acknowledgments
1273 =head2 perlre - Perl regular expressions
1283 =item Regular Expressions
1285 [1], [2], [3], cntrl, graph, print, punct, xdigit
1287 =item Extended Patterns
1289 C<(?#text)>, C<(?imsx-imsx)>, C<(?:pattern)>, C<(?imsx-imsx:pattern)>,
1290 C<(?=pattern)>, C<(?!pattern)>, C<(?<=pattern)>, C<(?<!pattern)>, C<(?{
1291 code })>, C<(??{ code })>, C<< (?>pattern) >>,
1292 C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)>, C<(?(condition)yes-pattern)>
1296 =item Version 8 Regular Expressions
1298 =item Warning on \1 vs $1
1300 =item Repeated patterns matching zero-length substring
1302 =item Combining pieces together
1304 C<ST>, C<S|T>, C<S{REPEAT_COUNT}>, C<S{min,max}>, C<S{min,max}?>, C<S?>,
1305 C<S*>, C<S+>, C<S??>, C<S*?>, C<S+?>, C<< (?>S) >>, C<(?=S)>, C<(?<=S)>,
1306 C<(?!S)>, C<(?<!S)>, C<(??{ EXPR })>,
1307 C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)>
1309 =item Creating custom RE engines
1319 =head2 perlref - Perl references and nested data structures
1329 =item Making References
1331 =item Using References
1333 =item Symbolic references
1335 =item Not-so-symbolic references
1337 =item Pseudo-hashes: Using an array as a hash
1339 =item Function Templates
1349 =head2 perlform - Perl formats
1357 =item Format Variables
1367 =item Accessing Formatting Internals
1375 =head2 perlboot - Beginner's Object-Oriented Tutorial
1383 =item If we could talk to the animals...
1385 =item Introducing the method invocation arrow
1387 =item Invoking a barnyard
1389 =item The extra parameter of method invocation
1391 =item Calling a second method to simplify things
1393 =item Inheriting the windpipes
1395 =item A few notes about @ISA
1397 =item Overriding the methods
1399 =item Starting the search from a different place
1401 =item The SUPER way of doing things
1403 =item Where we're at so far...
1405 =item A horse is a horse, of course of course -- or is it?
1407 =item Invoking an instance method
1409 =item Accessing the instance data
1411 =item How to build a horse
1413 =item Inheriting the constructor
1415 =item Making a method work with either classes or instances
1417 =item Adding parameters to a method
1419 =item More interesting instances
1421 =item A horse of a different color
1433 =head2 perltoot - Tom's object-oriented tutorial for perl
1439 =item Creating a Class
1443 =item Object Representation
1445 =item Class Interface
1447 =item Constructors and Instance Methods
1449 =item Planning for the Future: Better Constructors
1453 =item Other Object Methods
1461 =item Accessing Class Data
1463 =item Debugging Methods
1465 =item Class Destructors
1467 =item Documenting the Interface
1477 =item Overridden Methods
1479 =item Multiple Inheritance
1481 =item UNIVERSAL: The Root of All Objects
1485 =item Alternate Object Representations
1489 =item Arrays as Objects
1491 =item Closures as Objects
1495 =item AUTOLOAD: Proxy Methods
1499 =item Autoloaded Data Methods
1501 =item Inherited Autoloaded Data Methods
1505 =item Metaclassical Tools
1511 =item Data Members as Variables
1519 =item Object Terminology
1525 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1531 =item Acknowledgments
1537 =head2 perltooc - Tom's OO Tutorial for Class Data in Perl
1543 =item Class Data in a Can
1545 =item Class Data as Package Variables
1549 =item Putting All Your Eggs in One Basket
1551 =item Inheritance Concerns
1553 =item The Eponymous Meta-Object
1555 =item Indirect References to Class Data
1557 =item Monadic Classes
1559 =item Translucent Attributes
1563 =item Class Data as Lexical Variables
1567 =item Privacy and Responsibility
1569 =item File-Scoped Lexicals
1571 =item More Inheritance Concerns
1573 =item Locking the Door and Throwing Away the Key
1575 =item Translucency Revisited
1583 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1585 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
1591 =head2 perlobj - Perl objects
1599 =item An Object is Simply a Reference
1601 =item A Class is Simply a Package
1603 =item A Method is Simply a Subroutine
1605 =item Method Invocation
1607 =item Indirect Object Syntax
1609 =item Default UNIVERSAL methods
1611 isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] )
1617 =item Two-Phased Garbage Collection
1625 =head2 perlbot - Bag'o Object Tricks (the BOT)
1631 =item OO SCALING TIPS
1633 =item INSTANCE VARIABLES
1635 =item SCALAR INSTANCE VARIABLES
1637 =item INSTANCE VARIABLE INHERITANCE
1639 =item OBJECT RELATIONSHIPS
1641 =item OVERRIDING SUPERCLASS METHODS
1643 =item USING RELATIONSHIP WITH SDBM
1645 =item THINKING OF CODE REUSE
1647 =item CLASS CONTEXT AND THE OBJECT
1649 =item INHERITING A CONSTRUCTOR
1655 =head2 perltie - how to hide an object class in a simple variable
1667 TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, UNTIE this,
1672 TIEARRAY classname, LIST, FETCH this, index, STORE this, index, value,
1673 FETCHSIZE this, STORESIZE this, count, EXTEND this, count, EXISTS this,
1674 key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, PUSH this, LIST, POP this, SHIFT this,
1675 UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST, UNTIE this, DESTROY
1680 USER, HOME, CLOBBER, LIST, TIEHASH classname, LIST, FETCH this, key, STORE
1681 this, key, value, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, EXISTS this, key, FIRSTKEY
1682 this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, UNTIE this, DESTROY this
1684 =item Tying FileHandles
1686 TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, WRITE this, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this,
1687 LIST, READ this, LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, CLOSE this, UNTIE this,
1692 =item The C<untie> Gotcha
1704 =head2 perlipc - Perl interprocess communication (signals, fifos, pipes,
1705 safe subprocesses, sockets, and semaphores)
1721 =item Using open() for IPC
1727 =item Background Processes
1729 =item Complete Dissociation of Child from Parent
1731 =item Safe Pipe Opens
1733 =item Bidirectional Communication with Another Process
1735 =item Bidirectional Communication with Yourself
1739 =item Sockets: Client/Server Communication
1743 =item Internet Line Terminators
1745 =item Internet TCP Clients and Servers
1747 =item Unix-Domain TCP Clients and Servers
1751 =item TCP Clients with IO::Socket
1755 =item A Simple Client
1757 C<Proto>, C<PeerAddr>, C<PeerPort>
1759 =item A Webget Client
1761 =item Interactive Client with IO::Socket
1765 =item TCP Servers with IO::Socket
1767 Proto, LocalPort, Listen, Reuse
1769 =item UDP: Message Passing
1783 =head2 perlfork - Perl's fork() emulation (EXPERIMENTAL, subject to change)
1793 =item Behavior of other Perl features in forked pseudo-processes
1795 $$ or $PROCESS_ID, %ENV, chdir() and all other builtins that accept
1796 filenames, wait() and waitpid(), kill(), exec(), exit(), Open handles to
1797 files, directories and network sockets
1799 =item Resource limits
1801 =item Killing the parent process
1803 =item Lifetime of the parent process and pseudo-processes
1805 =item CAVEATS AND LIMITATIONS
1807 BEGIN blocks, Open filehandles, Forking pipe open() not yet implemented,
1808 Global state maintained by XSUBs, Interpreter embedded in larger
1809 application, Thread-safety of extensions
1821 =head2 perlnumber - semantics of numbers and numeric operations in Perl
1829 =item Storing numbers
1831 =item Numeric operators and numeric conversions
1833 =item Flavors of Perl numeric operations
1835 Arithmetic operators except, C<no integer>, Arithmetic operators except,
1836 C<use integer>, Bitwise operators, C<no integer>, Bitwise operators, C<use
1837 integer>, Operators which expect an integer, Operators which expect a
1846 =head2 perlthrtut - tutorial on threads in Perl
1854 =head2 perlothrtut - old tutorial on threads in Perl
1860 =item What Is A Thread Anyway?
1862 =item Threaded Program Models
1874 =item Native threads
1876 =item What kind of threads are perl threads?
1878 =item Threadsafe Modules
1884 =item Basic Thread Support
1886 =item Creating Threads
1888 =item Giving up control
1890 =item Waiting For A Thread To Exit
1892 =item Errors In Threads
1894 =item Ignoring A Thread
1898 =item Threads And Data
1902 =item Shared And Unshared Data
1904 =item Thread Pitfall: Races
1906 =item Controlling access: lock()
1908 =item Thread Pitfall: Deadlocks
1910 =item Queues: Passing Data Around
1914 =item Threads And Code
1918 =item Semaphores: Synchronizing Data Access
1920 Basic semaphores, Advanced Semaphores
1922 =item Attributes: Restricting Access To Subroutines
1924 =item Subroutine Locks
1928 =item Locking A Subroutine
1932 =item General Thread Utility Routines
1936 =item What Thread Am I In?
1940 =item Are These Threads The Same?
1942 =item What Threads Are Running?
1946 =item A Complete Example
1954 =item Introductory Texts
1956 =item OS-Related References
1958 =item Other References
1962 =item Acknowledgements
1970 =head2 perlport - Writing portable Perl
1976 Not all Perl programs have to be portable, Nearly all of Perl already I<is>
1985 =item Numbers endianness and Width
1987 =item Files and Filesystems
1989 =item System Interaction
1991 =item Interprocess Communication (IPC)
1993 =item External Subroutines (XS)
1995 =item Standard Modules
1999 =item Character sets and character encoding
2001 =item Internationalisation
2003 =item System Resources
2013 Mailing list: cpan-testers@perl.org, Testing results:
2014 http://testers.cpan.org/
2022 =item DOS and Derivatives
2030 =item EBCDIC Platforms
2038 =item FUNCTION IMPLEMENTATIONS
2042 =item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions
2044 -I<X> FILEHANDLE, -I<X> EXPR, -I<X>, alarm SECONDS, alarm, binmode
2045 FILEHANDLE, chmod LIST, chown LIST, chroot FILENAME, chroot, crypt
2046 PLAINTEXT,SALT, dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MODE, dump LABEL, exec
2047 LIST, exit EXPR, exit, fcntl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, flock
2048 FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, fork, getlogin, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority
2049 WHICH,WHO, getpwnam NAME, getgrnam NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getpwuid UID,
2050 getgrgid GID, getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER,
2051 getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent, gethostent, getnetent,
2052 getprotoent, getservent, setpwent, setgrent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent
2053 STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent,
2054 endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent, endservent, getsockopt
2055 SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, glob, ioctl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR,
2056 kill SIGNAL, LIST, link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, lstat FILEHANDLE, lstat EXPR,
2057 lstat, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget KEY,FLAGS, msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS, msgrcv
2058 ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE, pipe
2059 READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, readlink EXPR, readlink, select
2060 RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, semctl ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget
2061 KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, setgrent, setpgrp PID,PGRP,
2062 setpriority WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setpwent, setsockopt
2063 SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS,
2064 shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE, shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, sockatmark SOCKET,
2065 socketpair SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, stat FILEHANDLE, stat
2066 EXPR, stat, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen
2067 FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, system LIST, times, truncate
2068 FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, umask EXPR, umask, utime LIST,
2069 wait, waitpid PID,FLAGS
2075 v1.48, 02 February 2001, v1.47, 22 March 2000, v1.46, 12 February 2000,
2076 v1.45, 20 December 1999, v1.44, 19 July 1999, v1.43, 24 May 1999, v1.42, 22
2077 May 1999, v1.41, 19 May 1999, v1.40, 11 April 1999, v1.39, 11 February
2078 1999, v1.38, 31 December 1998, v1.37, 19 December 1998, v1.36, 9 September
2079 1998, v1.35, 13 August 1998, v1.33, 06 August 1998, v1.32, 05 August 1998,
2080 v1.30, 03 August 1998, v1.23, 10 July 1998
2082 =item Supported Platforms
2086 =item AUTHORS / CONTRIBUTORS
2092 =head2 perllocale - Perl locale handling (internationalization and
2099 =item PREPARING TO USE LOCALES
2105 =item The use locale pragma
2107 =item The setlocale function
2109 =item Finding locales
2111 =item LOCALE PROBLEMS
2113 =item Temporarily fixing locale problems
2115 =item Permanently fixing locale problems
2117 =item Permanently fixing your system's locale configuration
2119 =item Fixing system locale configuration
2121 =item The localeconv function
2123 =item I18N::Langinfo
2127 =item LOCALE CATEGORIES
2131 =item Category LC_COLLATE: Collation
2133 =item Category LC_CTYPE: Character Types
2135 =item Category LC_NUMERIC: Numeric Formatting
2137 =item Category LC_MONETARY: Formatting of monetary amounts
2141 =item Other categories
2149 PERL_BADLANG, LC_ALL, LANGUAGE, LC_CTYPE, LC_COLLATE, LC_MONETARY,
2150 LC_NUMERIC, LC_TIME, LANG
2156 =item Backward compatibility
2158 =item I18N:Collate obsolete
2160 =item Sort speed and memory use impacts
2162 =item write() and LC_NUMERIC
2164 =item Freely available locale definitions
2168 =item An imperfect standard
2176 =item Broken systems
2186 =head2 perluniintro - Perl Unicode introduction
2196 =item Perl's Unicode Support
2198 =item Perl's Unicode Model
2200 =item Creating Unicode
2202 =item Handling Unicode
2204 =item Legacy Encodings
2208 =item Displaying Unicode As Text
2212 =item Advanced Topics
2216 =item Questions With Answers
2218 Will My Old Scripts Break?, How Do I Make My Scripts Work With Unicode?,
2219 How Do I Know Whether My String Is In Unicode?, How Do I Detect Data That's
2220 Not Valid In a Particular Encoding, How Do I Convert Binary Data Into a
2221 Particular Encoding, Or Vice Versa?, How Do I Display Unicode? How Do I
2222 Input Unicode?, How Does Unicode Work With Traditional Locales?
2224 =item Hexadecimal Notation
2226 =item Further Resources
2230 =item UNICODE IN OLDER PERLS
2234 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
2236 =item AUTHOR, COPYRIGHT, AND LICENSE
2240 =head2 perlunicode - Unicode support in Perl
2248 =item Important Caveats
2250 Input and Output Disciplines, Regular Expressions, C<use utf8> still needed
2251 to enable UTF-8/UTF-EBCDIC in scripts
2253 =item Byte and Character semantics
2255 =item Effects of character semantics
2261 =item Character encodings for input and output
2267 =item UNICODE REGULAR EXPRESSION SUPPORT LEVEL
2271 =item Unicode Encodings
2273 UTF-8, UTF-EBCDIC, UTF-16, UTF-16BE, UTF16-LE, Surrogates, and BOMs (Byte
2274 Order Marks), UTF-32, UTF-32BE, UTF32-LE, UCS-2, UCS-4, UTF-7
2276 =item Security Implications of Malformed UTF-8
2278 =item Unicode in Perl on EBCDIC
2280 =item Using Unicode in XS
2288 =head2 perlebcdic - Considerations for running Perl on EBCDIC platforms
2294 =item COMMON CHARACTER CODE SETS
2302 =item Latin 1 (ISO 8859-1)
2306 =item 13 variant characters
2314 =item Unicode and UTF
2318 =item SINGLE OCTET TABLES
2320 recipe 0, recipe 1, recipe 2, recipe 3, recipe 4, recipe 5, recipe 6
2322 =item IDENTIFYING CHARACTER CODE SETS
2336 =item OPERATOR DIFFERENCES
2338 =item FUNCTION DIFFERENCES
2340 chr(), ord(), pack(), print(), printf(), sort(), sprintf(), unpack()
2342 =item REGULAR EXPRESSION DIFFERENCES
2350 =item Ignore ASCII vs. EBCDIC sort differences.
2352 =item MONO CASE then sort data.
2354 =item Convert, sort data, then re convert.
2356 =item Perform sorting on one type of machine only.
2360 =item TRANSFORMATION FORMATS
2364 =item URL decoding and encoding
2366 =item uu encoding and decoding
2368 =item Quoted-Printable encoding and decoding
2370 =item Caesarian ciphers
2374 =item Hashing order and checksums
2378 =item MULTI OCTET CHARACTER SETS
2390 chcp, dataset access, OS/390, z/OS iconv, locales
2410 =head2 perlsec - Perl security
2418 =item Laundering and Detecting Tainted Data
2420 =item Switches On the "#!" Line
2422 =item Cleaning Up Your Path
2426 =item Protecting Your Programs
2434 =head2 perlmod - Perl modules (packages and symbol tables)
2446 =item Package Constructors and Destructors
2452 =item Making your module threadsafe
2460 =head2 perlmodinstall - Installing CPAN Modules
2470 B<DECOMPRESS> the file, B<UNPACK> the file into a directory, B<BUILD> the
2471 module (sometimes unnecessary), B<INSTALL> the module
2485 =head2 perlmodlib - constructing new Perl modules and finding existing ones
2491 =item THE PERL MODULE LIBRARY
2495 =item Pragmatic Modules
2497 attributes, autouse, base, blib, bytes, charnames, constant, diagnostics,
2498 encoding, fields, filetest, integer, less, locale, open, overload, sigtrap,
2499 sort, strict, subs, utf8, vars, vmsish, warnings, warnings::register
2501 =item Standard Modules
2503 AnyDBM_File, Attribute::Handlers, AutoLoader, AutoSplit, Benchmark, CGI,
2504 CGI::Apache, CGI::Carp, CGI::Cookie, CGI::Fast, CGI::Pretty, CGI::Push,
2505 CGI::Switch, CGI::Util, CPAN, CPAN::FirstTime, CPAN::Nox, Carp,
2506 Carp::Heavy, Class::ISA, Class::Struct, Cwd, DB, Devel::SelfStubber,
2507 Digest, DirHandle, Dumpvalue, English, Env, Exporter, Exporter::Heavy,
2508 ExtUtils::Command, ExtUtils::Constant, ExtUtils::Embed, ExtUtils::Install,
2509 ExtUtils::Installed, ExtUtils::Liblist, ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin,
2510 ExtUtils::MM_NW5, ExtUtils::MM_OS2, ExtUtils::MM_Unix, ExtUtils::MM_VMS,
2511 ExtUtils::MM_Win32, ExtUtils::MakeMaker, ExtUtils::Manifest,
2512 ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap, ExtUtils::Mksymlists, ExtUtils::Packlist,
2513 ExtUtils::testlib, Fatal, File::Basename, File::CheckTree, File::Compare,
2514 File::Copy, File::DosGlob, File::Find, File::Path, File::Spec,
2515 File::Spec::Cygwin, File::Spec::Epoc, File::Spec::Functions,
2516 File::Spec::Mac, File::Spec::OS2, File::Spec::Unix, File::Spec::VMS,
2517 File::Spec::Win32, File::Temp, File::stat, FileCache, FileHandle,
2518 Filter::Simple, FindBin, Getopt::Long, Getopt::Std, I18N::Collate,
2519 I18N::LangTags, I18N::LangTags::List, IPC::Open2, IPC::Open3,
2520 Locale::Constants, Locale::Country, Locale::Currency, Locale::Language,
2521 Locale::Maketext, Locale::Maketext::TPJ13, Math::BigFloat, Math::BigInt,
2522 Math::BigInt::Calc, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Memoize,
2523 Memoize::AnyDBM_File, Memoize::Expire, Memoize::ExpireFile,
2524 Memoize::ExpireTest, Memoize::NDBM_File, Memoize::SDBM_File,
2525 Memoize::Storable, NEXT, Net::Cmd, Net::Config, Net::Domain, Net::FTP,
2526 Net::NNTP, Net::Netrc, Net::POP3, Net::Ping, Net::SMTP, Net::Time,
2527 Net::hostent, Net::libnetFAQ, Net::netent, Net::protoent, Net::servent,
2528 PerlIO, Pod::Checker, Pod::Find, Pod::Functions, Pod::Html,
2529 Pod::InputObjects, Pod::LaTeX, Pod::Man, Pod::ParseLink, Pod::ParseUtils,
2530 Pod::Parser, Pod::Plainer, Pod::Select, Pod::Text, Pod::Text::Color,
2531 Pod::Text::Overstrike, Pod::Text::Termcap, Pod::Usage, Pod::t::basic,
2532 Search::Dict, SelectSaver, SelfLoader, Shell, Switch, Symbol,
2533 Term::ANSIColor, Term::Cap, Term::Complete, Term::ReadLine, Test,
2534 Test::Builder, Test::Harness, Test::More, Test::Simple, Test::Tutorial,
2535 Text::Abbrev, Text::Balanced, Text::ParseWords, Text::Soundex, Text::Tabs,
2536 Text::Wrap, Thread, Tie::Array, Tie::Handle, Tie::Hash, Tie::RefHash,
2537 Tie::Scalar, Tie::SubstrHash, Time::Local, Time::gmtime, Time::localtime,
2538 Time::tm, UNIVERSAL, Unicode::Collate, Unicode::UCD, User::grent,
2541 =item Extension Modules
2553 =item Central America
2565 =item Modules: Creation, Use, and Abuse
2569 =item Guidelines for Module Creation
2571 =item Guidelines for Converting Perl 4 Library Scripts into Modules
2573 =item Guidelines for Reusing Application Code
2581 =head2 perlmodstyle - Perl module style guide
2587 =item QUICK CHECKLIST
2591 =item Before you start
2599 =item Release considerations
2603 =item BEFORE YOU START WRITING A MODULE
2607 =item Has it been done before?
2609 =item Do one thing and do it well
2611 =item What's in a name?
2615 =item DESIGNING AND WRITING YOUR MODULE
2619 =item To OO or not to OO?
2621 =item Designing your API
2623 Write simple routines to do simple things, Separate functionality from
2624 output, Provide sensible shortcuts and defaults, Naming conventions,
2627 =item Strictness and warnings
2629 =item Backwards compatibility
2631 =item Error handling and messages
2635 =item DOCUMENTING YOUR MODULE
2641 =item README, INSTALL, release notes, changelogs
2645 =item RELEASE CONSIDERATIONS
2649 =item Version numbering
2651 =item Pre-requisites
2661 =item COMMON PITFALLS
2665 =item Reinventing the wheel
2667 =item Trying to do too much
2669 =item Inappropriate documentation
2675 L<perlstyle>, L<perlnewmod>, L<perlpod>, L<podchecker>, Testing tools,
2676 http://pause.perl.org/, Any good book on software engineering
2682 =head2 perlnewmod - preparing a new module for distribution
2692 =item What should I make into a module?
2694 =item Step-by-step: Preparing the ground
2696 Look around, Check it's new, Discuss the need, Choose a name, Check again
2698 =item Step-by-step: Making the module
2700 Start with F<h2xs>, Use L<strict|strict> and L<warnings|warnings>, Use
2701 L<Carp|Carp>, Use L<Exporter|Exporter> - wisely!, Use L<plain old
2702 documentation|perlpod>, Write tests, Write the README
2704 =item Step-by-step: Distributing your module
2706 Get a CPAN user ID, C<perl Makefile.PL; make test; make dist>, Upload the
2707 tarball, Announce to the modules list, Announce to clpa, Fix bugs!
2717 =head2 perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl ($Revision: 1.2 $, $Date:
2718 2001/11/09 08:06:04 $)
2728 =item Who supports Perl? Who develops it? Why is it free?
2730 =item Which version of Perl should I use?
2732 =item What are perl4 and perl5?
2734 =item What is perl6?
2736 =item How stable is Perl?
2738 =item Is Perl difficult to learn?
2740 =item How does Perl compare with other languages like Java, Python, REXX,
2743 =item Can I do [task] in Perl?
2745 =item When shouldn't I program in Perl?
2747 =item What's the difference between "perl" and "Perl"?
2749 =item Is it a Perl program or a Perl script?
2751 =item What is a JAPH?
2753 =item Where can I get a list of Larry Wall witticisms?
2755 =item How can I convince my sysadmin/supervisor/employees to use version
2756 5/5.005/Perl instead of some other language?
2760 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
2764 =head2 perlfaq2 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl ($Revision: 1.3 $,
2765 $Date: 2001/11/09 08:06:04 $)
2773 =item What machines support Perl? Where do I get it?
2775 =item How can I get a binary version of Perl?
2777 =item I don't have a C compiler on my system. How can I compile perl?
2779 =item I copied the Perl binary from one machine to another, but scripts
2782 =item I grabbed the sources and tried to compile but gdbm/dynamic
2783 loading/malloc/linking/... failed. How do I make it work?
2785 =item What modules and extensions are available for Perl? What is CPAN?
2786 What does CPAN/src/... mean?
2788 =item Is there an ISO or ANSI certified version of Perl?
2790 =item Where can I get information on Perl?
2792 =item What are the Perl newsgroups on Usenet? Where do I post questions?
2794 =item Where should I post source code?
2798 References, Tutorials, Task-Oriented, Special Topics
2800 =item Perl in Magazines
2802 =item Perl on the Net: FTP and WWW Access
2804 =item What mailing lists are there for Perl?
2806 =item Archives of comp.lang.perl.misc
2808 =item Where can I buy a commercial version of Perl?
2810 =item Where do I send bug reports?
2812 =item What is perl.com? Perl Mongers? pm.org? perl.org? cpan.org?
2816 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
2820 =head2 perlfaq3 - Programming Tools ($Revision: 1.10 $, $Date: 2001/11/19
2829 =item How do I do (anything)?
2831 =item How can I use Perl interactively?
2833 =item Is there a Perl shell?
2835 =item How do I debug my Perl programs?
2837 =item How do I profile my Perl programs?
2839 =item How do I cross-reference my Perl programs?
2841 =item Is there a pretty-printer (formatter) for Perl?
2843 =item Is there a ctags for Perl?
2845 =item Is there an IDE or Windows Perl Editor?
2847 Komodo, The Object System, Open Perl IDE, PerlBuilder, visiPerl+,
2848 CodeMagicCD, GNU Emacs, MicroEMACS, XEmacs, Elvis, Vile, Vim, Codewright,
2849 MultiEdit, SlickEdit, Bash, Ksh, Tcsh, Zsh, BBEdit and BBEdit Lite, Alpha
2851 =item Where can I get Perl macros for vi?
2853 =item Where can I get perl-mode for emacs?
2855 =item How can I use curses with Perl?
2857 =item How can I use X or Tk with Perl?
2859 =item How can I generate simple menus without using CGI or Tk?
2861 =item How can I make my Perl program run faster?
2863 =item How can I make my Perl program take less memory?
2865 Don't slurp!, Use map and grep selectively, Avoid unnecessary quotes and
2866 stringification, Pass by reference, Tie large variables to disk
2868 =item Is it unsafe to return a pointer to local data?
2870 =item How can I free an array or hash so my program shrinks?
2872 =item How can I make my CGI script more efficient?
2874 =item How can I hide the source for my Perl program?
2876 =item How can I compile my Perl program into byte code or C?
2878 =item How can I compile Perl into Java?
2880 =item How can I get C<#!perl> to work on [MS-DOS,NT,...]?
2882 =item Can I write useful Perl programs on the command line?
2884 =item Why don't Perl one-liners work on my DOS/Mac/VMS system?
2886 =item Where can I learn about CGI or Web programming in Perl?
2888 =item Where can I learn about object-oriented Perl programming?
2890 =item Where can I learn about linking C with Perl? [h2xs, xsubpp]
2892 =item I've read perlembed, perlguts, etc., but I can't embed perl in
2893 my C program; what am I doing wrong?
2895 =item When I tried to run my script, I got this message. What does it
2898 =item What's MakeMaker?
2902 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
2906 =head2 perlfaq4 - Data Manipulation ($Revision: 1.10 $, $Date: 2002/01/01
2917 =item Why am I getting long decimals (eg, 19.9499999999999) instead of the
2918 numbers I should be getting (eg, 19.95)?
2920 =item Why isn't my octal data interpreted correctly?
2922 =item Does Perl have a round() function? What about ceil() and floor()?
2925 =item How do I convert between numeric representations:
2927 B<How do I convert Hexadecimal into decimal:>, B<How do I convert from
2928 decimal to hexadecimal:>, B<How do I convert from octal to decimal:>, B<How
2929 do I convert from decimal to octal:>, B<How do I convert from binary to
2930 decimal:>, B<How do I convert from decimal to binary:>
2932 =item Why doesn't & work the way I want it to?
2934 =item How do I multiply matrices?
2936 =item How do I perform an operation on a series of integers?
2938 =item How can I output Roman numerals?
2940 =item Why aren't my random numbers random?
2948 =item How do I find the week-of-the-year/day-of-the-year?
2950 =item How do I find the current century or millennium?
2952 =item How can I compare two dates and find the difference?
2954 =item How can I take a string and turn it into epoch seconds?
2956 =item How can I find the Julian Day?
2958 =item How do I find yesterday's date?
2960 =item Does Perl have a Year 2000 problem? Is Perl Y2K compliant?
2968 =item How do I validate input?
2970 =item How do I unescape a string?
2972 =item How do I remove consecutive pairs of characters?
2974 =item How do I expand function calls in a string?
2976 =item How do I find matching/nesting anything?
2978 =item How do I reverse a string?
2980 =item How do I expand tabs in a string?
2982 =item How do I reformat a paragraph?
2984 =item How can I access/change the first N letters of a string?
2986 =item How do I change the Nth occurrence of something?
2988 =item How can I count the number of occurrences of a substring within a
2991 =item How do I capitalize all the words on one line?
2993 =item How can I split a [character] delimited string except when inside
2994 [character]? (Comma-separated files)
2996 =item How do I strip blank space from the beginning/end of a string?
2998 =item How do I pad a string with blanks or pad a number with zeroes?
3000 =item How do I extract selected columns from a string?
3002 =item How do I find the soundex value of a string?
3004 =item How can I expand variables in text strings?
3006 =item What's wrong with always quoting "$vars"?
3008 =item Why don't my <<HERE documents work?
3010 1. There must be no space after the << part, 2. There (probably) should be
3011 a semicolon at the end, 3. You can't (easily) have any space in front of
3020 =item What is the difference between a list and an array?
3022 =item What is the difference between $array[1] and @array[1]?
3024 =item How can I remove duplicate elements from a list or array?
3028 =item How can I tell whether a certain element is contained in a list or
3031 =item How do I compute the difference of two arrays? How do I compute the
3032 intersection of two arrays?
3034 =item How do I test whether two arrays or hashes are equal?
3036 =item How do I find the first array element for which a condition is true?
3038 =item How do I handle linked lists?
3040 =item How do I handle circular lists?
3042 =item How do I shuffle an array randomly?
3044 =item How do I process/modify each element of an array?
3046 =item How do I select a random element from an array?
3048 =item How do I permute N elements of a list?
3050 =item How do I sort an array by (anything)?
3052 =item How do I manipulate arrays of bits?
3054 =item Why does defined() return true on empty arrays and hashes?
3058 =item Data: Hashes (Associative Arrays)
3062 =item How do I process an entire hash?
3064 =item What happens if I add or remove keys from a hash while iterating over
3067 =item How do I look up a hash element by value?
3069 =item How can I know how many entries are in a hash?
3071 =item How do I sort a hash (optionally by value instead of key)?
3073 =item How can I always keep my hash sorted?
3075 =item What's the difference between "delete" and "undef" with hashes?
3077 =item Why don't my tied hashes make the defined/exists distinction?
3079 =item How do I reset an each() operation part-way through?
3081 =item How can I get the unique keys from two hashes?
3083 =item How can I store a multidimensional array in a DBM file?
3085 =item How can I make my hash remember the order I put elements into it?
3087 =item Why does passing a subroutine an undefined element in a hash create
3090 =item How can I make the Perl equivalent of a C structure/C++ class/hash or
3091 array of hashes or arrays?
3093 =item How can I use a reference as a hash key?
3101 =item How do I handle binary data correctly?
3103 =item How do I determine whether a scalar is a number/whole/integer/float?
3105 =item How do I keep persistent data across program calls?
3107 =item How do I print out or copy a recursive data structure?
3109 =item How do I define methods for every class/object?
3111 =item How do I verify a credit card checksum?
3113 =item How do I pack arrays of doubles or floats for XS code?
3117 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
3121 =head2 perlfaq5 - Files and Formats ($Revision: 1.6 $, $Date: 2001/12/19
3130 =item How do I flush/unbuffer an output filehandle? Why must I do this?
3132 =item How do I change one line in a file/delete a line in a file/insert a
3133 line in the middle of a file/append to the beginning of a file?
3135 =item How do I count the number of lines in a file?
3137 =item How do I make a temporary file name?
3139 =item How can I manipulate fixed-record-length files?
3141 =item How can I make a filehandle local to a subroutine? How do I pass
3142 filehandles between subroutines? How do I make an array of filehandles?
3144 =item How can I use a filehandle indirectly?
3146 =item How can I set up a footer format to be used with write()?
3148 =item How can I write() into a string?
3150 =item How can I output my numbers with commas added?
3152 =item How can I translate tildes (~) in a filename?
3154 =item How come when I open a file read-write it wipes it out?
3156 =item Why do I sometimes get an "Argument list too long" when I use <*>?
3158 =item Is there a leak/bug in glob()?
3160 =item How can I open a file with a leading ">" or trailing blanks?
3162 =item How can I reliably rename a file?
3164 =item How can I lock a file?
3166 =item Why can't I just open(FH, ">file.lock")?
3168 =item I still don't get locking. I just want to increment the number in
3169 the file. How can I do this?
3171 =item All I want to do is append a small amount of text to the end of a
3172 file. Do I still have to use locking?
3174 =item How do I randomly update a binary file?
3176 =item How do I get a file's timestamp in perl?
3178 =item How do I set a file's timestamp in perl?
3180 =item How do I print to more than one file at once?
3182 =item How can I read in an entire file all at once?
3184 =item How can I read in a file by paragraphs?
3186 =item How can I read a single character from a file? From the keyboard?
3188 =item How can I tell whether there's a character waiting on a filehandle?
3190 =item How do I do a C<tail -f> in perl?
3192 =item How do I dup() a filehandle in Perl?
3194 =item How do I close a file descriptor by number?
3196 =item Why can't I use "C:\temp\foo" in DOS paths? What doesn't
3197 `C:\temp\foo.exe` work?
3199 =item Why doesn't glob("*.*") get all the files?
3201 =item Why does Perl let me delete read-only files? Why does C<-i> clobber
3202 protected files? Isn't this a bug in Perl?
3204 =item How do I select a random line from a file?
3206 =item Why do I get weird spaces when I print an array of lines?
3210 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
3214 =head2 perlfaq6 - Regexes ($Revision: 1.6 $, $Date: 2002/01/01 22:26:45 $)
3222 =item How can I hope to use regular expressions without creating illegible
3223 and unmaintainable code?
3225 Comments Outside the Regex, Comments Inside the Regex, Different Delimiters
3227 =item I'm having trouble matching over more than one line. What's wrong?
3229 =item How can I pull out lines between two patterns that are themselves on
3232 =item I put a regular expression into $/ but it didn't work. What's wrong?
3234 =item How do I substitute case insensitively on the LHS while preserving
3237 =item How can I make C<\w> match national character sets?
3239 =item How can I match a locale-smart version of C</[a-zA-Z]/>?
3241 =item How can I quote a variable to use in a regex?
3243 =item What is C</o> really for?
3245 =item How do I use a regular expression to strip C style comments from a
3248 =item Can I use Perl regular expressions to match balanced text?
3250 =item What does it mean that regexes are greedy? How can I get around it?
3252 =item How do I process each word on each line?
3254 =item How can I print out a word-frequency or line-frequency summary?
3256 =item How can I do approximate matching?
3258 =item How do I efficiently match many regular expressions at once?
3260 =item Why don't word-boundary searches with C<\b> work for me?
3262 =item Why does using $&, $`, or $' slow my program down?
3264 =item What good is C<\G> in a regular expression?
3266 =item Are Perl regexes DFAs or NFAs? Are they POSIX compliant?
3268 =item What's wrong with using grep or map in a void context?
3270 =item How can I match strings with multibyte characters?
3272 =item How do I match a pattern that is supplied by the user?
3276 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
3280 =head2 perlfaq7 - Perl Language Issues ($Revision: 1.5 $, $Date: 2002/01/01
3289 =item Can I get a BNF/yacc/RE for the Perl language?
3291 =item What are all these $@%&* punctuation signs, and how do I know when to
3294 =item Do I always/never have to quote my strings or use semicolons and
3297 =item How do I skip some return values?
3299 =item How do I temporarily block warnings?
3301 =item What's an extension?
3303 =item Why do Perl operators have different precedence than C operators?
3305 =item How do I declare/create a structure?
3307 =item How do I create a module?
3309 =item How do I create a class?
3311 =item How can I tell if a variable is tainted?
3313 =item What's a closure?
3315 =item What is variable suicide and how can I prevent it?
3317 =item How can I pass/return a {Function, FileHandle, Array, Hash, Method,
3320 Passing Variables and Functions, Passing Filehandles, Passing Regexes,
3323 =item How do I create a static variable?
3325 =item What's the difference between dynamic and lexical (static) scoping?
3326 Between local() and my()?
3328 =item How can I access a dynamic variable while a similarly named lexical
3331 =item What's the difference between deep and shallow binding?
3333 =item Why doesn't "my($foo) = <FILE>;" work right?
3335 =item How do I redefine a builtin function, operator, or method?
3337 =item What's the difference between calling a function as &foo and foo()?
3339 =item How do I create a switch or case statement?
3341 =item How can I catch accesses to undefined variables/functions/methods?
3343 =item Why can't a method included in this same file be found?
3345 =item How can I find out my current package?
3347 =item How can I comment out a large block of perl code?
3349 =item How do I clear a package?
3351 =item How can I use a variable as a variable name?
3355 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
3359 =head2 perlfaq8 - System Interaction ($Revision: 1.4 $, $Date: 2001/11/09
3368 =item How do I find out which operating system I'm running under?
3370 =item How come exec() doesn't return?
3372 =item How do I do fancy stuff with the keyboard/screen/mouse?
3374 Keyboard, Screen, Mouse
3376 =item How do I print something out in color?
3378 =item How do I read just one key without waiting for a return key?
3380 =item How do I check whether input is ready on the keyboard?
3382 =item How do I clear the screen?
3384 =item How do I get the screen size?
3386 =item How do I ask the user for a password?
3388 =item How do I read and write the serial port?
3390 lockfiles, open mode, end of line, flushing output, non-blocking input
3392 =item How do I decode encrypted password files?
3394 =item How do I start a process in the background?
3396 STDIN, STDOUT, and STDERR are shared, Signals, Zombies
3398 =item How do I trap control characters/signals?
3400 =item How do I modify the shadow password file on a Unix system?
3402 =item How do I set the time and date?
3404 =item How can I sleep() or alarm() for under a second?
3406 =item How can I measure time under a second?
3408 =item How can I do an atexit() or setjmp()/longjmp()? (Exception handling)
3410 =item Why doesn't my sockets program work under System V (Solaris)? What
3411 does the error message "Protocol not supported" mean?
3413 =item How can I call my system's unique C functions from Perl?
3415 =item Where do I get the include files to do ioctl() or syscall()?
3417 =item Why do setuid perl scripts complain about kernel problems?
3419 =item How can I open a pipe both to and from a command?
3421 =item Why can't I get the output of a command with system()?
3423 =item How can I capture STDERR from an external command?
3425 =item Why doesn't open() return an error when a pipe open fails?
3427 =item What's wrong with using backticks in a void context?
3429 =item How can I call backticks without shell processing?
3431 =item Why can't my script read from STDIN after I gave it EOF (^D on Unix,
3434 =item How can I convert my shell script to perl?
3436 =item Can I use perl to run a telnet or ftp session?
3438 =item How can I write expect in Perl?
3440 =item Is there a way to hide perl's command line from programs such as
3443 =item I {changed directory, modified my environment} in a perl script. How
3444 come the change disappeared when I exited the script? How do I get my
3445 changes to be visible?
3449 =item How do I close a process's filehandle without waiting for it to
3452 =item How do I fork a daemon process?
3454 =item How do I find out if I'm running interactively or not?
3456 =item How do I timeout a slow event?
3458 =item How do I set CPU limits?
3460 =item How do I avoid zombies on a Unix system?
3462 =item How do I use an SQL database?
3464 =item How do I make a system() exit on control-C?
3466 =item How do I open a file without blocking?
3468 =item How do I install a module from CPAN?
3470 =item What's the difference between require and use?
3472 =item How do I keep my own module/library directory?
3474 =item How do I add the directory my program lives in to the module/library
3477 =item How do I add a directory to my include path at runtime?
3479 =item What is socket.ph and where do I get it?
3483 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
3487 =head2 perlfaq9 - Networking ($Revision: 1.5 $, $Date: 2001/11/09 08:06:04
3496 =item What is the correct form of response from a CGI script?
3498 =item My CGI script runs from the command line but not the browser. (500
3501 =item How can I get better error messages from a CGI program?
3503 =item How do I remove HTML from a string?
3505 =item How do I extract URLs?
3507 =item How do I download a file from the user's machine? How do I open a
3508 file on another machine?
3510 =item How do I make a pop-up menu in HTML?
3512 =item How do I fetch an HTML file?
3514 =item How do I automate an HTML form submission?
3516 =item How do I decode or create those %-encodings on the web?
3518 =item How do I redirect to another page?
3520 =item How do I put a password on my web pages?
3522 =item How do I edit my .htpasswd and .htgroup files with Perl?
3524 =item How do I make sure users can't enter values into a form that cause my
3525 CGI script to do bad things?
3527 =item How do I parse a mail header?
3529 =item How do I decode a CGI form?
3531 =item How do I check a valid mail address?
3533 =item How do I decode a MIME/BASE64 string?
3535 =item How do I return the user's mail address?
3537 =item How do I send mail?
3539 =item How do I use MIME to make an attachment to a mail message?
3541 =item How do I read mail?
3543 =item How do I find out my hostname/domainname/IP address?
3545 =item How do I fetch a news article or the active newsgroups?
3547 =item How do I fetch/put an FTP file?
3549 =item How can I do RPC in Perl?
3553 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
3557 =head2 perlcompile - Introduction to the Perl Compiler-Translator
3567 B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Lint, B::Deparse, B::Xref
3571 =item Using The Back Ends
3575 =item The Cross Referencing Back End
3579 =item The Decompiling Back End
3581 =item The Lint Back End
3583 =item The Simple C Back End
3585 =item The Bytecode Back End
3587 =item The Optimized C Back End
3589 B, O, B::Asmdata, B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC,
3590 B::Debug, B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex, B::Stackobj,
3591 B::Stash, B::Terse, B::Xref
3595 =item KNOWN PROBLEMS
3601 =head2 perlembed - how to embed perl in your C program
3611 B<Use C from Perl?>, B<Use a Unix program from Perl?>, B<Use Perl from
3612 Perl?>, B<Use C from C?>, B<Use Perl from C?>
3616 =item Compiling your C program
3618 =item Adding a Perl interpreter to your C program
3620 =item Calling a Perl subroutine from your C program
3622 =item Evaluating a Perl statement from your C program
3624 =item Performing Perl pattern matches and substitutions from your C program
3626 =item Fiddling with the Perl stack from your C program
3628 =item Maintaining a persistent interpreter
3630 =item Execution of END blocks
3632 =item Maintaining multiple interpreter instances
3634 =item Using Perl modules, which themselves use C libraries, from your C
3639 =item Embedding Perl under Win32
3649 =head2 perldebguts - Guts of Perl debugging
3655 =item Debugger Internals
3659 =item Writing Your Own Debugger
3663 =item Frame Listing Output Examples
3665 =item Debugging regular expressions
3669 =item Compile-time output
3671 C<anchored> I<STRING> C<at> I<POS>, C<floating> I<STRING> C<at>
3672 I<POS1..POS2>, C<matching floating/anchored>, C<minlen>, C<stclass>
3673 I<TYPE>, C<noscan>, C<isall>, C<GPOS>, C<plus>, C<implicit>, C<with eval>,
3676 =item Types of nodes
3678 =item Run-time output
3682 =item Debugging Perl memory usage
3686 =item Using C<$ENV{PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS}>
3688 C<buckets SMALLEST(APPROX)..GREATEST(APPROX)>, Free/Used, C<Total sbrk():
3689 SBRKed/SBRKs:CONTINUOUS>, C<pad: 0>, C<heads: 2192>, C<chain: 0>, C<tail:
3692 =item Example of using B<-DL> switch
3694 C<717>, C<002>, C<054>, C<602>, C<702>, C<704>
3696 =item B<-DL> details
3700 =item Limitations of B<-DL> statistics
3708 =head2 perlxstut, perlXStut - Tutorial for writing XSUBs
3720 =item Version caveat
3722 =item Dynamic Loading versus Static Loading
3734 =item What has gone on?
3736 =item Writing good test scripts
3740 =item What's new here?
3742 =item Input and Output Parameters
3744 =item The XSUBPP Program
3746 =item The TYPEMAP file
3748 =item Warning about Output Arguments
3752 =item What has happened here?
3754 =item Anatomy of .xs file
3756 =item Getting the fat out of XSUBs
3758 =item More about XSUB arguments
3760 =item The Argument Stack
3762 =item Extending your Extension
3764 =item Documenting your Extension
3766 =item Installing your Extension
3770 =item New Things in this Example
3774 =item New Things in this Example
3776 =item EXAMPLE 7 (Coming Soon)
3778 =item EXAMPLE 8 (Coming Soon)
3780 =item EXAMPLE 9 (Coming Soon)
3782 =item Troubleshooting these Examples
3798 =head2 perlxs - XS language reference manual
3810 =item The Anatomy of an XSUB
3812 =item The Argument Stack
3814 =item The RETVAL Variable
3816 =item The MODULE Keyword
3818 =item The PACKAGE Keyword
3820 =item The PREFIX Keyword
3822 =item The OUTPUT: Keyword
3824 =item The NO_OUTPUT Keyword
3826 =item The CODE: Keyword
3828 =item The INIT: Keyword
3830 =item The NO_INIT Keyword
3832 =item Initializing Function Parameters
3834 =item Default Parameter Values
3836 =item The PREINIT: Keyword
3838 =item The SCOPE: Keyword
3840 =item The INPUT: Keyword
3842 =item The IN/OUTLIST/IN_OUTLIST/OUT/IN_OUT Keywords
3844 =item Variable-length Parameter Lists
3846 =item The C_ARGS: Keyword
3848 =item The PPCODE: Keyword
3850 =item Returning Undef And Empty Lists
3852 =item The REQUIRE: Keyword
3854 =item The CLEANUP: Keyword
3856 =item The POSTCALL: Keyword
3858 =item The BOOT: Keyword
3860 =item The VERSIONCHECK: Keyword
3862 =item The PROTOTYPES: Keyword
3864 =item The PROTOTYPE: Keyword
3866 =item The ALIAS: Keyword
3868 =item The INTERFACE: Keyword
3870 =item The INTERFACE_MACRO: Keyword
3872 =item The INCLUDE: Keyword
3874 =item The CASE: Keyword
3876 =item The & Unary Operator
3878 =item Inserting POD, Comments and C Preprocessor Directives
3880 =item Using XS With C++
3882 =item Interface Strategy
3884 =item Perl Objects And C Structures
3888 =item Safely Storing Static Data in XS
3890 MY_CXT_KEY, typedef my_cxt_t, START_MY_CXT, MY_CXT_INIT, dMY_CXT, MY_CXT
3902 =head2 perlclib - Internal replacements for standard C library functions
3912 C<t>, C<p>, C<n>, C<s>
3914 =item File Operations
3916 =item File Input and Output
3918 =item File Positioning
3920 =item Memory Management and String Handling
3922 =item Character Class Tests
3924 =item F<stdlib.h> functions
3926 =item Miscellaneous functions
3934 =head2 perlguts - Introduction to the Perl API
3946 =item What is an "IV"?
3948 =item Working with SVs
3952 =item What's Really Stored in an SV?
3954 =item Working with AVs
3956 =item Working with HVs
3958 =item Hash API Extensions
3962 =item Blessed References and Class Objects
3964 =item Creating New Variables
3966 =item Reference Counts and Mortality
3968 =item Stashes and Globs
3970 =item Double-Typed SVs
3972 =item Magic Variables
3974 =item Assigning Magic
3976 =item Magic Virtual Tables
3980 =item Understanding the Magic of Tied Hashes and Arrays
3982 =item Localizing changes
3984 C<SAVEINT(int i)>, C<SAVEIV(IV i)>, C<SAVEI32(I32 i)>, C<SAVELONG(long i)>,
3985 C<SAVESPTR(s)>, C<SAVEPPTR(p)>, C<SAVEFREESV(SV *sv)>, C<SAVEMORTALIZESV(SV
3986 *sv)>, C<SAVEFREEOP(OP *op)>, C<SAVEFREEPV(p)>, C<SAVECLEARSV(SV *sv)>,
3987 C<SAVEDELETE(HV *hv, char *key, I32 length)>,
3988 C<SAVEDESTRUCTOR(DESTRUCTORFUNC_NOCONTEXT_t f, void *p)>,
3989 C<SAVEDESTRUCTOR_X(DESTRUCTORFUNC_t f, void *p)>, C<SAVESTACK_POS()>, C<SV*
3990 save_scalar(GV *gv)>, C<AV* save_ary(GV *gv)>, C<HV* save_hash(GV *gv)>,
3991 C<void save_item(SV *item)>, C<void save_list(SV **sarg, I32 maxsarg)>,
3992 C<SV* save_svref(SV **sptr)>, C<void save_aptr(AV **aptr)>, C<void
3993 save_hptr(HV **hptr)>
4001 =item XSUBs and the Argument Stack
4003 =item Calling Perl Routines from within C Programs
4005 =item Memory Allocation
4009 =item Putting a C value on Perl stack
4013 =item Scratchpads and recursion
4023 =item Examining the tree
4025 =item Compile pass 1: check routines
4027 =item Compile pass 1a: constant folding
4029 =item Compile pass 2: context propagation
4031 =item Compile pass 3: peephole optimization
4033 =item Pluggable runops
4037 =item Examining internal data structures with the C<dump> functions
4039 =item How multiple interpreters and concurrency are supported
4043 =item Background and PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
4045 =item So what happened to dTHR?
4047 =item How do I use all this in extensions?
4049 =item Should I do anything special if I call perl from multiple threads?
4051 =item Future Plans and PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
4055 =item Internal Functions
4057 A, p, d, s, n, r, f, M, o, j, x
4061 =item Formatted Printing of IVs, UVs, and NVs
4063 =item Pointer-To-Integer and Integer-To-Pointer
4065 =item Source Documentation
4069 =item Unicode Support
4073 =item What B<is> Unicode, anyway?
4075 =item How can I recognise a UTF8 string?
4077 =item How does UTF8 represent Unicode characters?
4079 =item How does Perl store UTF8 strings?
4081 =item How do I convert a string to UTF8?
4083 =item Is there anything else I need to know?
4087 =item Custom Operators
4095 =head2 perlcall - Perl calling conventions from C
4101 An Error Handler, An Event Driven Program
4103 =item THE CALL_ FUNCTIONS
4105 call_sv, call_pv, call_method, call_argv
4125 =item Determining the Context
4129 =item KNOWN PROBLEMS
4135 =item No Parameters, Nothing returned
4137 =item Passing Parameters
4139 =item Returning a Scalar
4141 =item Returning a list of values
4143 =item Returning a list in a scalar context
4145 =item Returning Data from Perl via the parameter list
4149 =item Using G_KEEPERR
4153 =item Using call_argv
4155 =item Using call_method
4159 =item Using Perl to dispose of temporaries
4161 =item Strategies for storing Callback Context Information
4163 1. Ignore the problem - Allow only 1 callback, 2. Create a sequence of
4164 callbacks - hard wired limit, 3. Use a parameter to map to the Perl
4167 =item Alternate Stack Manipulation
4169 =item Creating and calling an anonymous subroutine in C
4181 =head2 perlutil - utilities packaged with the Perl distribution
4191 L<perldoc|perldoc>, L<pod2man|pod2man> and L<pod2text|pod2text>,
4192 L<pod2html|pod2html> and L<pod2latex|pod2latex>, L<pod2usage|pod2usage>,
4193 L<podselect|podselect>, L<podchecker|podchecker>, L<splain|splain>,
4194 L<roffitall|roffitall>
4198 L<a2p|a2p>, L<s2p|s2p>, L<find2perl|find2perl>
4200 =item Administration
4202 L<libnetcfg|libnetcfg>
4206 L<perlbug|perlbug>, L<h2ph|h2ph>, L<c2ph|c2ph> and L<pstruct|pstruct>,
4207 L<h2xs|h2xs>, L<dprofpp|dprofpp>, L<perlcc|perlcc>
4215 =head2 perlfilter - Source Filters
4225 =item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER
4227 =item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN C
4229 B<Decryption Filters>
4231 =item CREATING A SOURCE FILTER AS A SEPARATE EXECUTABLE
4233 =item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN PERL
4235 =item USING CONTEXT: THE DEBUG FILTER
4247 =head2 perldbmfilter - Perl DBM Filters
4255 B<filter_store_key>, B<filter_store_value>, B<filter_fetch_key>,
4256 B<filter_fetch_value>
4262 =item An Example -- the NULL termination problem.
4264 =item Another Example -- Key is a C int.
4274 =head2 perlapi - autogenerated documentation for the perl public API
4280 =item "Gimme" Values
4282 GIMME, GIMME_V, G_ARRAY, G_DISCARD, G_EVAL, G_NOARGS, G_SCALAR, G_VOID
4284 =item Array Manipulation Functions
4286 AvFILL, av_clear, av_delete, av_exists, av_extend, av_fetch, av_fill,
4287 av_len, av_make, av_pop, av_push, av_shift, av_store, av_undef, av_unshift,
4288 get_av, newAV, Nullav, sortsv
4290 =item Callback Functions
4292 call_argv, call_method, call_pv, call_sv, ENTER, eval_pv, eval_sv,
4293 FREETMPS, LEAVE, SAVETMPS
4295 =item Character classes
4297 isALNUM, isALPHA, isDIGIT, isLOWER, isSPACE, isUPPER, toLOWER, toUPPER
4299 =item Cloning an interpreter
4303 =item CV Manipulation Functions
4305 CvSTASH, get_cv, Nullcv
4307 =item Embedding Functions
4309 load_module, perl_alloc, perl_construct, perl_destruct, perl_free,
4310 perl_parse, perl_run, require_pv
4312 =item Global Variables
4314 PL_modglobal, PL_na, PL_sv_no, PL_sv_undef, PL_sv_yes
4318 GvSV, gv_fetchmeth, gv_fetchmethod, gv_fetchmethod_autoload, gv_stashpv,
4323 HEf_SVKEY, Nullch, Nullsv
4325 =item Hash Manipulation Functions
4327 get_hv, HeHASH, HeKEY, HeKLEN, HePV, HeSVKEY, HeSVKEY_force, HeSVKEY_set,
4328 HeVAL, HvNAME, hv_clear, hv_delete, hv_delete_ent, hv_exists,
4329 hv_exists_ent, hv_fetch, hv_fetch_ent, hv_iterinit, hv_iterkey,
4330 hv_iterkeysv, hv_iternext, hv_iternextsv, hv_iterval, hv_magic, hv_store,
4331 hv_store_ent, hv_undef, newHV, Nullhv
4333 =item Magical Functions
4335 mg_clear, mg_copy, mg_find, mg_free, mg_get, mg_length, mg_magical, mg_set,
4336 SvGETMAGIC, SvSETMAGIC, SvSetMagicSV, SvSetSV, SvSetSV_nosteal
4338 =item Memory Management
4340 Copy, Move, New, Newc, NEWSV, Newz, Renew, Renewc, Safefree, savepv,
4341 savepvn, StructCopy, Zero
4343 =item Miscellaneous Functions
4345 fbm_compile, fbm_instr, form, getcwd_sv, strEQ, strGE, strGT, strLE, strLT,
4346 strNE, strnEQ, strnNE
4348 =item Numeric functions
4350 grok_bin, grok_hex, grok_number, grok_numeric_radix, grok_oct, scan_bin,
4353 =item Optree Manipulation Functions
4355 cv_const_sv, newCONSTSUB, newXS
4357 =item Shared SV Functions
4359 sharedsv_find, sharedsv_init, sharedsv_lock, sharedsv_new,
4360 sharedsv_thrcnt_dec, sharedsv_thrcnt_inc, sharedsv_unlock
4362 =item Stack Manipulation Macros
4364 dMARK, dORIGMARK, dSP, EXTEND, MARK, ORIGMARK, POPi, POPl, POPn, POPp,
4365 POPpbytex, POPpx, POPs, PUSHi, PUSHMARK, PUSHn, PUSHp, PUSHs, PUSHu,
4366 PUTBACK, SP, SPAGAIN, XPUSHi, XPUSHn, XPUSHp, XPUSHs, XPUSHu, XSRETURN,
4367 XSRETURN_IV, XSRETURN_NO, XSRETURN_NV, XSRETURN_PV, XSRETURN_UNDEF,
4368 XSRETURN_YES, XST_mIV, XST_mNO, XST_mNV, XST_mPV, XST_mUNDEF, XST_mYES
4372 svtype, SVt_IV, SVt_NV, SVt_PV, SVt_PVAV, SVt_PVCV, SVt_PVHV, SVt_PVMG
4374 =item SV Manipulation Functions
4376 get_sv, looks_like_number, newRV_inc, newRV_noinc, newSV, newSViv, newSVnv,
4377 newSVpv, newSVpvf, newSVpvn, newSVpvn_share, newSVrv, newSVsv, newSVuv,
4378 new_vstring, SvCUR, SvCUR_set, SvEND, SvGROW, SvIOK, SvIOKp, SvIOK_notUV,
4379 SvIOK_off, SvIOK_on, SvIOK_only, SvIOK_only_UV, SvIOK_UV, SvIV, SvIVx,
4380 SvIVX, SvLEN, SvNIOK, SvNIOKp, SvNIOK_off, SvNOK, SvNOKp, SvNOK_off,
4381 SvNOK_on, SvNOK_only, SvNV, SvNVX, SvNVx, SvOK, SvOOK, SvPOK, SvPOKp,
4382 SvPOK_off, SvPOK_on, SvPOK_only, SvPOK_only_UTF8, SvPV, SvPVbyte,
4383 SvPVbytex, SvPVbytex_force, SvPVbyte_force, SvPVbyte_nolen, SvPVutf8,
4384 SvPVutf8x, SvPVutf8x_force, SvPVutf8_force, SvPVutf8_nolen, SvPVX, SvPVx,
4385 SvPV_force, SvPV_force_nomg, SvPV_nolen, SvREFCNT, SvREFCNT_dec,
4386 SvREFCNT_inc, SvROK, SvROK_off, SvROK_on, SvRV, SvSetMagicSV_nosteal,
4387 SvSTASH, SvTAINT, SvTAINTED, SvTAINTED_off, SvTAINTED_on, SvTRUE, SvTYPE,
4388 SvUOK, SvUPGRADE, SvUTF8, SvUTF8_off, SvUTF8_on, SvUV, SvUVx, SvUVX,
4389 sv_2bool, sv_2cv, sv_2io, sv_2iv, sv_2mortal, sv_2nv, sv_2pvbyte,
4390 sv_2pvbyte_nolen, sv_2pvutf8, sv_2pvutf8_nolen, sv_2pv_flags, sv_2pv_nolen,
4391 sv_2uv, sv_backoff, sv_bless, sv_catpv, sv_catpvf, sv_catpvf_mg, sv_catpvn,
4392 sv_catpvn_flags, sv_catpvn_mg, sv_catpv_mg, sv_catsv, sv_catsv_flags,
4393 sv_catsv_mg, sv_chop, sv_clear, sv_cmp, sv_cmp_locale, sv_collxfrm, sv_dec,
4394 sv_derived_from, sv_eq, sv_force_normal, sv_force_normal_flags, sv_free,
4395 sv_gets, sv_grow, sv_inc, sv_insert, sv_isa, sv_isobject, sv_iv, sv_len,
4396 sv_len_utf8, sv_magic, sv_mortalcopy, sv_newmortal, sv_newref, sv_nv,
4397 sv_pos_b2u, sv_pos_u2b, sv_pv, sv_pvbyte, sv_pvbyten, sv_pvbyten_force,
4398 sv_pvn, sv_pvn_force, sv_pvn_force_flags, sv_pvutf8, sv_pvutf8n,
4399 sv_pvutf8n_force, sv_reftype, sv_replace, sv_report_used, sv_reset,
4400 sv_rvweaken, sv_setiv, sv_setiv_mg, sv_setnv, sv_setnv_mg, sv_setpv,
4401 sv_setpvf, sv_setpvf_mg, sv_setpviv, sv_setpviv_mg, sv_setpvn,
4402 sv_setpvn_mg, sv_setpv_mg, sv_setref_iv, sv_setref_nv, sv_setref_pv,
4403 sv_setref_pvn, sv_setref_uv, sv_setsv, sv_setsv_flags, sv_setsv_mg,
4404 sv_setuv, sv_setuv_mg, sv_taint, sv_tainted, sv_true, sv_unmagic, sv_unref,
4405 sv_unref_flags, sv_untaint, sv_upgrade, sv_usepvn, sv_usepvn_mg,
4406 sv_utf8_decode, sv_utf8_downgrade, sv_utf8_encode, sv_utf8_upgrade,
4407 sv_utf8_upgrade_flags, sv_uv, sv_vcatpvfn, sv_vsetpvfn
4409 =item Unicode Support
4411 bytes_from_utf8, bytes_to_utf8, ibcmp_utf8, is_utf8_char, is_utf8_string,
4412 pv_uni_display, sv_recode_to_utf8, sv_uni_display, to_utf8_case,
4413 to_utf8_fold, to_utf8_lower, to_utf8_title, to_utf8_upper, utf8n_to_uvchr,
4414 utf8n_to_uvuni, utf8_distance, utf8_hop, utf8_length, utf8_to_bytes,
4415 utf8_to_uvchr, utf8_to_uvuni, uvchr_to_utf8, uvuni_to_utf8_flags
4417 =item Variables created by C<xsubpp> and C<xsubpp> internal functions
4419 ax, CLASS, dAX, dITEMS, dXSARGS, dXSI32, items, ix, newXSproto, RETVAL, ST,
4420 THIS, XS, XSRETURN_EMPTY, XS_VERSION, XS_VERSION_BOOTCHECK
4422 =item Warning and Dieing
4432 =head2 perlintern - autogenerated documentation of purely B<internal>
4439 =item Global Variables
4441 PL_DBsingle, PL_DBsub, PL_DBtrace, PL_dowarn, PL_last_in_gv, PL_ofs_sv,
4452 =item Stack Manipulation Macros
4456 =item SV Manipulation Functions
4458 report_uninit, sv_add_arena, sv_clean_all, sv_clean_objs, sv_free_arenas
4466 =head2 perliol - C API for Perl's implementation of IO in Layers.
4476 =item History and Background
4478 =item Layers vs Disciplines
4480 =item Data Structures
4482 =item Functions and Attributes
4484 =item Per-instance Data
4486 =item Layers in action.
4488 =item Per-instance flag bits
4490 PERLIO_F_EOF, PERLIO_F_CANWRITE, PERLIO_F_CANREAD, PERLIO_F_ERROR,
4491 PERLIO_F_TRUNCATE, PERLIO_F_APPEND, PERLIO_F_CRLF, PERLIO_F_UTF8,
4492 PERLIO_F_UNBUF, PERLIO_F_WRBUF, PERLIO_F_RDBUF, PERLIO_F_LINEBUF,
4493 PERLIO_F_TEMP, PERLIO_F_OPEN, PERLIO_F_FASTGETS
4495 =item Methods in Detail
4497 char * name;, Size_t size;, IV kind;, PERLIO_K_BUFFERED, PERLIO_K_CANCRLF,
4498 PERLIO_K_FASTGETS, PERLIO_K_MULTIARG, PERLIO_K_RAW, IV
4499 (*Pushed)(pTHX_ PerlIO *f,const char *mode, SV *arg);, IV
4500 (*Popped)(pTHX_ PerlIO *f);, PerlIO * (*Open)(...);, SV *
4501 (*Getarg)(pTHX_ PerlIO *f, CLONE_PARAMS *param, int flags), IV
4502 (*Fileno)(pTHX_ PerlIO *f);, PerlIO * (*Dup)(pTHX_ PerlIO *f, PerlIO *o,
4503 CLONE_PARAMS *param, int flags), SSize_t (*Read)(pTHX_ PerlIO *f,
4504 void *vbuf, Size_t count);, SSize_t (*Unread)(pTHX_ PerlIO *f, const
4505 void *vbuf, Size_t count);, SSize_t (*Write)(PerlIO *f, const void
4506 *vbuf, Size_t count);, IV (*Seek)(pTHX_ PerlIO *f, Off_t
4507 offset, int whence);, Off_t (*Tell)(pTHX_ PerlIO *f);, IV
4508 (*Close)(pTHX_ PerlIO *f);, IV (*Flush)(pTHX_ PerlIO *f);,
4509 IV (*Fill)(pTHX_ PerlIO *f);, IV (*Eof)(pTHX_ PerlIO
4510 *f);, IV (*Error)(pTHX_ PerlIO *f);, void
4511 (*Clearerr)(pTHX_ PerlIO *f);, void (*Setlinebuf)(pTHX_ PerlIO
4512 *f);, STDCHAR * (*Get_base)(pTHX_ PerlIO *f);, Size_t
4513 (*Get_bufsiz)(pTHX_ PerlIO *f);, STDCHAR * (*Get_ptr)(pTHX_ PerlIO
4514 *f);, SSize_t (*Get_cnt)(pTHX_ PerlIO *f);, void
4515 (*Set_ptrcnt)(pTHX_ PerlIO *f,STDCHAR *ptr,SSize_t cnt);
4519 "unix", "perlio", "stdio", "crlf", "mmap", "pending", "raw", "utf8"
4521 =item Extension Layers
4523 ":encoding", ":Scalar", ":Object" or ":Perl"
4531 =head2 perlapio - perl's IO abstraction interface.
4539 1. USE_STDIO, 2. USE_SFIO, 3. USE_PERLIO, B<PerlIO_stdin()>,
4540 B<PerlIO_stdout()>, B<PerlIO_stderr()>, B<PerlIO_open(path, mode)>,
4541 B<PerlIO_fdopen(fd,mode)>, B<PerlIO_reopen(path,mode,f)>,
4542 B<PerlIO_printf(f,fmt,...)>, B<PerlIO_vprintf(f,fmt,a)>,
4543 B<PerlIO_stdoutf(fmt,...)>, B<PerlIO_read(f,buf,count)>,
4544 B<PerlIO_write(f,buf,count)>, B<PerlIO_close(f)>, B<PerlIO_puts(f,s)>,
4545 B<PerlIO_putc(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_ungetc(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_getc(f)>,
4546 B<PerlIO_eof(f)>, B<PerlIO_error(f)>, B<PerlIO_fileno(f)>,
4547 B<PerlIO_clearerr(f)>, B<PerlIO_flush(f)>, B<PerlIO_seek(f,offset,whence)>,
4548 B<PerlIO_tell(f)>, B<PerlIO_getpos(f,p)>, B<PerlIO_setpos(f,p)>,
4549 B<PerlIO_rewind(f)>, B<PerlIO_tmpfile()>, B<PerlIO_setlinebuf(f)>
4553 =item Co-existence with stdio
4555 B<PerlIO_importFILE(f,flags)>, B<PerlIO_exportFILE(f,flags)>,
4556 B<PerlIO_findFILE(f)>, B<PerlIO_releaseFILE(p,f)>
4558 =item "Fast gets" Functions
4560 B<PerlIO_fast_gets(f)>, B<PerlIO_has_cntptr(f)>, B<PerlIO_get_cnt(f)>,
4561 B<PerlIO_get_ptr(f)>, B<PerlIO_set_ptrcnt(f,p,c)>, B<PerlIO_canset_cnt(f)>,
4562 B<PerlIO_set_cnt(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_has_base(f)>, B<PerlIO_get_base(f)>,
4563 B<PerlIO_get_bufsiz(f)>
4565 =item Other Functions
4567 PerlIO_apply_layers(f,mode,layers), PerlIO_binmode(f,ptype,imode,layers),
4568 'E<lt>' read, 'E<gt>' write, '+' read/write, PerlIO_debug(fmt,...)
4574 =head2 perltodo - Perl TO-DO List
4580 =item To do during 5.6.x
4584 =item Support for I/O disciplines
4586 =item Autoload bytes.pm
4588 =item Make "\u{XXXX}" et al work
4590 =item Create a char *sv_pvprintify(sv, STRLEN *lenp, UV flags)
4592 =item Overloadable regex assertions
4596 =item use Thread for iThreads
4598 =item make perl_clone optionally clone ops
4600 =item Work out exit/die semantics for threads
4602 =item Typed lexicals for compiler
4604 =item Compiler workarounds for Win32
4606 =item AUTOLOADing in the compiler
4608 =item Fixing comppadlist when compiling
4610 =item Cleaning up exported namespace
4612 =item Complete signal handling
4614 =item Out-of-source builds
4616 =item POSIX realtime support
4618 =item UNIX98 support
4622 =item Long double conversion
4626 =item Thread-safe regexes
4628 =item Arithmetic on non-Arabic numerals
4630 =item POSIX Unicode character classes
4632 =item Factoring out common suffices/prefices in regexps (trie optimization)
4634 =item Security audit shipped utilities
4636 =item Custom opcodes
4638 =item DLL Versioning
4640 =item Introduce @( and @)
4642 =item Floating point handling
4644 =item IV/UV preservation
4646 =item Replace pod2html with something using Pod::Parser
4648 =item Automate module testing on CPAN
4650 =item sendmsg and recvmsg
4652 =item Rewrite perlre documentation
4654 =item Convert example code to IO::Handle filehandles
4656 =item Document Win32 choices
4658 =item Check new modules
4660 =item Make roffitall find pods and libs itself
4664 =item To do at some point
4668 =item Remove regular expression recursion
4670 =item Memory leaks after failed eval
4672 =item pack "(stuff)*"
4674 =item bitfields in pack
4676 =item Cross compilation
4678 =item Perl preprocessor / macros
4680 =item Perl lexer in Perl
4682 =item Using POSIX calls internally
4684 =item -i rename file when changed
4686 =item All ARGV input should act like E<lt>E<gt>
4688 =item Support for rerunning debugger
4690 =item Test Suite for the Debugger
4692 =item my sub foo { }
4694 =item One-pass global destruction
4696 =item Rewrite regexp parser
4698 =item Cache recently used regexps
4700 =item Re-entrant functions
4702 =item Cross-compilation support
4704 =item Bit-shifting bitvectors
4706 =item debugger pragma
4708 =item use less pragma
4710 =item switch structures
4712 =item Cache eval tree
4716 =item Shrink opcode tables
4718 =item Optimize away @_
4720 =item Prototypes versus indirect objects
4724 =item Prototype method calls
4726 =item Return context prototype declarations
4730 =item Garbage collection
4734 =item pack/unpack tutorial
4736 =item Rewrite perldoc
4738 =item Install .3p manpages
4740 =item Unicode tutorial
4742 =item Update POSIX.pm for 1003.1-2
4744 =item Retargetable installation
4746 =item POSIX emulation on non-POSIX systems
4748 =item Rename Win32 headers
4750 =item Finish off lvalue functions
4752 =item Update sprintf documentation
4754 =item Use fchown/fchmod internally
4756 =item Make v-strings overloaded objects
4764 =item ref() in list context
4766 =item Make tr/// return histogram of characters in list context
4768 =item Compile to real threaded code
4770 =item Structured types
4772 =item Modifiable $1 et al.
4774 =item Procedural interfaces for IO::*, etc.
4778 =item Attach/detach debugger from running program
4780 =item Alternative RE syntax module
4784 =item foreach(reverse ...)
4786 =item Constant function cache
4788 =item Approximate regular expression matching
4796 =item Update guts documentation
4798 =item Add more tests
4800 =item Update auxiliary tools
4804 =item Recently done things
4808 =item Safe signal handling
4814 =item setitimer and getimiter
4816 =item Testing __DIE__ hook
4818 =item CPP equivalent in Perl
4820 =item Explicit switch statements
4828 =item perlcc to produce executable
4830 =item END blocks saved in compiled output
4832 =item Secure temporary file module
4834 =item Integrate Time::HiRes
4836 =item Turn Cwd into XS
4838 =item Mmap for input
4840 =item Byte to/from UTF8 and UTF8 to/from local conversion
4842 =item Add sockatmark support
4844 =item Mailing list archives
4848 =item Integrate MacPerl
4850 =item Web "nerve center" for Perl
4852 =item Regular expression tutorial
4854 =item Debugging Tutorial
4856 =item Integrate new modules
4858 =item Integrate profiler
4860 =item Y2K error detection
4862 =item Regular expression debugger
4866 =item "Dynamic" lexicals
4868 =item Cache precompiled modules
4872 =item Deprecated Wishes
4876 =item Loop control on do{}
4878 =item Lexically scoped typeglobs
4884 =item Generalised want()/caller())
4886 =item Named prototypes
4888 =item Built-in globbing
4890 =item Regression tests for suidperl
4892 =item Cached hash values
4894 =item Add compression modules
4896 =item Reorganise documentation into tutorials/references
4898 =item Remove distinction between functions and operators
4900 =item Make XS easier to use
4902 =item Make embedding easier to use
4906 =item my $Package::variable
4908 =item "or" tests defined, not truth
4910 =item "class"-based lexicals
4914 =item Lazy evaluation / tail recursion removal
4916 =item Make "use utf8" the default
4918 =item Unicode collation and normalization
4920 =item Create debugging macros
4922 =item truncate to the people
4928 =head2 perlhack - How to hack at the Perl internals
4934 Does concept match the general goals of Perl?, Where is the
4935 implementation?, Backwards compatibility, Could it be a module instead?, Is
4936 the feature generic enough?, Does it potentially introduce new bugs?, Does
4937 it preclude other desirable features?, Is the implementation robust?, Is
4938 the implementation generic enough to be portable?, Is the implementation
4939 tested?, Is there enough documentation?, Is there another way to do it?,
4940 Does it create too much work?, Patches speak louder than words
4944 =item Keeping in sync
4946 rsync'ing the source tree, Using rsync over the LAN, Using pushing over the
4947 NFS, rsync'ing the patches
4949 =item Why rsync the source tree
4951 It's easier to rsync the source tree, It's more recent, It's more reliable
4953 =item Why rsync the patches
4955 It's easier to rsync the patches, It's a good reference, Finding a start
4956 point, Finding how to fix a bug, Finding the source of misbehaviour
4958 =item Perlbug remote interface
4960 1 http://bugs.perl.org, 2 bugdb@perl.org, 3
4961 commands_and_bugdids@bugs.perl.org, notes, patches, tests
4963 =item Submitting patches
4965 L<perlguts>, L<perlxstut> and L<perlxs>, L<perlapi>,
4966 F<Porting/pumpkin.pod>, The perl5-porters FAQ
4968 =item Finding Your Way Around
4970 Core modules, Tests, Documentation, Configure, Interpreter
4972 =item Elements of the interpreter
4974 Startup, Parsing, Optimization, Running
4976 =item Internal Variable Types
4982 Argument stack, Mark stack, Save stack
4984 =item Millions of Macros
4986 =item Poking at Perl
4988 =item Using a source-level debugger
4990 run [args], break function_name, break source.c:xxx, step, next, continue,
4991 finish, 'enter', print
4993 =item Dumping Perl Data Structures
4997 =item Patching a core module
4999 =item Adding a new function to the core
5001 =item Writing a test
5003 F<t/base/>, F<t/cmd/>, F<t/comp/>, F<t/io/>, F<t/lib/>, F<t/op/>,
5004 F<t/pod/>, F<t/run/>, t/base t/comp, t/cmd t/run t/io t/op, t/lib ext lib
5008 =item EXTERNAL TOOLS FOR DEBUGGING PERL
5012 =item Rational Software's Purify
5014 =item Purify on Unix
5016 -Accflags=-DPURIFY, -Doptimize='-g', -Uusemymalloc, -Dusemultiplicity
5020 DEFINES, USE_MULTI = define, #PERL_MALLOC = define, CFG = Debug
5022 =item Compaq's/Digital's Third Degree
5024 =item PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL
5028 =item Gprof Profiling
5030 -a, -b, -e routine, -f routine, -s, -z
5032 =item GCC gcov Profiling
5034 =item Pixie Profiling
5036 -h, -l, -p[rocedures], -h[eavy], -i[nvocations], -l[ines], -testcoverage,
5041 I<The Road goes ever on and on, down from the door where it began.>
5049 =head2 perlhist - the Perl history records
5057 =item THE KEEPERS OF THE PUMPKIN
5069 =item SELECTED RELEASE SIZES
5071 =item SELECTED PATCH SIZES
5075 =item THE KEEPERS OF THE RECORDS
5079 =head2 perldelta - what is new for perl v5.8.0
5085 =item Highlights In 5.8.0
5087 =item Incompatible Changes
5091 =item 64-bit platforms and malloc
5093 =item AIX Dynaloading
5095 =item Attributes for C<my> variables now handled at run-time.
5097 =item Socket Extension Dynamic in VMS
5099 =item IEEE-format Floating Point Default on OpenVMS Alpha
5101 =item Different Definition of the Unicode Character Classes \p{In...}
5103 =item Perl Parser Stress Tested
5105 =item REF(...) Instead Of SCALAR(...)
5111 =item Core Enhancements
5115 =item PerlIO is Now The Default
5119 =item Unicode Overhaul
5121 =item Understanding of Numbers
5123 =item Miscellaneous Enhancements
5127 =item Modules and Pragmata
5131 =item New Modules and Pragmata
5133 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
5137 =item Utility Changes
5139 =item New Documentation
5141 =item Performance Enhancements
5143 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
5147 =item Generic Improvements
5149 =item New Or Improved Platforms
5153 =item Selected Bug Fixes
5157 =item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
5161 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
5163 =item Changed Internals
5165 =item Security Vulnerability Closed
5169 =item Known Problems
5175 =item Amiga Perl Invoking Mystery
5177 =item lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
5179 =item Cygwin intermittent failures of lib/Memoize/t/expire_file 11 and 12
5181 =item HP-UX lib/io_multihomed Fails When LP64-Configured
5183 =item HP-UX lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails When LP64-Configured
5185 =item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
5191 =item op/sprintf tests 129 and 130
5193 =item Failure of Thread tests
5203 =item Localising a Tied Variable Leaks Memory
5205 =item Localising Tied Arrays and Hashes Is Broken
5207 =item Self-tying of Arrays and Hashes Is Forbidden
5209 =item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
5211 =item Unicode Support on EBCDIC Still Spotty
5213 =item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental
5215 =item The Long Double Support Is Still Experimental
5217 =item Seen In Perl 5.7 But Gone Now
5221 =item Reporting Bugs
5229 =head2 perl572delta - what's new for perl v5.7.2
5235 =item Security Vulnerability Closed
5237 =item Incompatible Changes
5241 =item 64-bit platforms and malloc
5243 =item AIX Dynaloading
5245 =item Socket Extension Dynamic in VMS
5247 =item Different Definition of the Unicode Character Classes \p{In...}
5253 =item Core Enhancements
5255 =item Modules and Pragmata
5259 =item New Modules and Distributions
5261 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
5265 =item Utility Changes
5267 =item New Documentation
5269 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
5273 =item New Or Improved Platforms
5275 =item Generic Improvements
5279 =item Selected Bug Fixes
5283 =item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
5287 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
5289 =item Source Code Enhancements
5293 =item MAGIC constants
5295 =item Better commented code
5297 =item Regex pre-/post-compilation items matched up
5305 =item Known Problems
5311 =item Amiga Perl Invoking Mystery
5313 =item lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
5315 =item Cygwin intermittent failures of lib/Memoize/t/expire_file 11 and 12
5317 =item HP-UX lib/io_multihomed Fails When LP64-Configured
5319 =item HP-UX lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails When LP64-Configured
5321 =item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
5325 =item op/sprintf tests 129 and 130
5327 =item Failure of Thread tests
5337 =item Localising a Tied Variable Leaks Memory
5339 =item Self-tying of Arrays and Hashes Is Forbidden
5341 =item Variable Attributes are not Currently Usable for Tieing
5343 =item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
5345 =item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental
5347 =item The Long Double Support is Still Experimental
5351 =item Reporting Bugs
5359 =head2 perl571delta - what's new for perl v5.7.1
5365 =item Security Vulnerability Closed
5367 =item Incompatible Changes
5369 =item Core Enhancements
5373 =item AUTOLOAD Is Now Lvaluable
5375 =item PerlIO is Now The Default
5377 =item Signals Are Now Safe
5381 =item Modules and Pragmata
5387 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
5391 =item Performance Enhancements
5393 =item Utility Changes
5395 =item New Documentation
5411 =item README.solaris
5415 =item Porting/repository.pod
5419 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
5423 =item New Or Improved Platforms
5425 =item Generic Improvements
5427 d_cmsghdr, d_fcntl_can_lock, d_fsync, d_getitimer, d_getpagsz, d_msghdr_s,
5428 need_va_copy, d_readv, d_recvmsg, d_sendmsg, sig_size, d_sockatmark,
5429 d_strtoq, d_u32align, d_ualarm, d_usleep
5433 =item Selected Bug Fixes
5437 =item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
5441 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
5443 =item Changed Internals
5447 =item Known Problems
5451 =item AIX vac 5.0.0.0 May Produce Buggy Code For Perl
5453 =item lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
5455 =item lib/io_multihomed Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
5457 =item Test lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
5461 =item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
5463 =item sigaction test 13 in VMS
5465 =item sprintf tests 129 and 130
5467 =item Failure of Thread tests
5469 =item Localising a Tied Variable Leaks Memory
5471 =item Self-tying of Arrays and Hashes Is Forbidden
5473 =item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
5475 =item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental
5479 =item Reporting Bugs
5487 =head2 perl570delta - what's new for perl v5.7.0
5493 =item Security Vulnerability Closed
5495 =item Incompatible Changes
5497 =item Core Enhancements
5499 =item Modules and Pragmata
5505 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
5509 =item Utility Changes
5511 =item New Documentation
5513 =item Performance Enhancements
5515 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
5519 =item Generic Improvements
5523 =item Selected Bug Fixes
5527 =item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
5531 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
5533 =item Changed Internals
5535 =item Known Problems
5539 =item Unicode Support Still Far From Perfect
5541 =item EBCDIC Still A Lost Platform
5543 =item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
5545 =item ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
5547 =item Test lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
5549 =item Long Doubles Still Don't Work In Solaris
5551 =item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
5553 =item Storable tests fail in some platforms
5555 =item Threads Are Still Experimental
5557 =item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental
5561 =item Reporting Bugs
5569 =head2 perl561delta, perldelta - what's new for perl v5.6.x
5575 =item Summary of changes between 5.6.0 and 5.6.1
5579 =item Security Issues
5581 =item Core bug fixes
5583 C<UNIVERSAL::isa()>, Memory leaks, Numeric conversions, qw(a\\b), caller(),
5584 Bugs in regular expressions, "slurp" mode, Autovivification of symbolic
5585 references to special variables, Lexical warnings, Spurious warnings and
5586 errors, glob(), Tainting, sort(), #line directives, Subroutine prototypes,
5587 map(), Debugger, PERL5OPT, chop(), Unicode support, 64-bit support,
5588 Compiler, Lvalue subroutines, IO::Socket, File::Find, xsubpp, C<no
5593 =item Configuration issues
5597 =item Bundled modules
5599 B::Concise, File::Temp, Pod::LaTeX, Pod::Text::Overstrike, CGI, CPAN,
5600 Class::Struct, DB_File, Devel::Peek, File::Find, Getopt::Long, IO::Poll,
5601 IPC::Open3, Math::BigFloat, Math::Complex, Net::Ping, Opcode, Pod::Parser,
5602 Pod::Text, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Tie::RefHash, Tie::SubstrHash
5604 =item Platform-specific improvements
5606 NCR MP-RAS, NonStop-UX
5610 =item Core Enhancements
5614 =item Interpreter cloning, threads, and concurrency
5616 =item Lexically scoped warning categories
5618 =item Unicode and UTF-8 support
5620 =item Support for interpolating named characters
5622 =item "our" declarations
5624 =item Support for strings represented as a vector of ordinals
5626 =item Improved Perl version numbering system
5628 =item New syntax for declaring subroutine attributes
5630 =item File and directory handles can be autovivified
5632 =item open() with more than two arguments
5634 =item 64-bit support
5636 =item Large file support
5642 =item Enhanced support for sort() subroutines
5644 =item C<sort $coderef @foo> allowed
5646 =item File globbing implemented internally
5648 =item Support for CHECK blocks
5650 =item POSIX character class syntax [: :] supported
5652 =item Better pseudo-random number generator
5654 =item Improved C<qw//> operator
5656 =item Better worst-case behavior of hashes
5658 =item pack() format 'Z' supported
5660 =item pack() format modifier '!' supported
5662 =item pack() and unpack() support counted strings
5664 =item Comments in pack() templates
5666 =item Weak references
5668 =item Binary numbers supported
5670 =item Lvalue subroutines
5672 =item Some arrows may be omitted in calls through references
5674 =item Boolean assignment operators are legal lvalues
5676 =item exists() is supported on subroutine names
5678 =item exists() and delete() are supported on array elements
5680 =item Pseudo-hashes work better
5682 =item Automatic flushing of output buffers
5684 =item Better diagnostics on meaningless filehandle operations
5686 =item Where possible, buffered data discarded from duped input filehandle
5688 =item eof() has the same old magic as <>
5690 =item binmode() can be used to set :crlf and :raw modes
5692 =item C<-T> filetest recognizes UTF-8 encoded files as "text"
5694 =item system(), backticks and pipe open now reflect exec() failure
5696 =item Improved diagnostics
5698 =item Diagnostics follow STDERR
5700 =item More consistent close-on-exec behavior
5702 =item syswrite() ease-of-use
5704 =item Better syntax checks on parenthesized unary operators
5706 =item Bit operators support full native integer width
5708 =item Improved security features
5710 =item More functional bareword prototype (*)
5712 =item C<require> and C<do> may be overridden
5714 =item $^X variables may now have names longer than one character
5716 =item New variable $^C reflects C<-c> switch
5718 =item New variable $^V contains Perl version as a string
5720 =item Optional Y2K warnings
5722 =item Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings
5726 =item Modules and Pragmata
5732 attributes, B, Benchmark, ByteLoader, constant, charnames, Data::Dumper,
5733 DB, DB_File, Devel::DProf, Devel::Peek, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, English,
5734 Env, Fcntl, File::Compare, File::Find, File::Glob, File::Spec,
5735 File::Spec::Functions, Getopt::Long, IO, JPL, lib, Math::BigInt,
5736 Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Pod::Parser, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Checker,
5737 podchecker, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Find, Pod::Select, podselect, Pod::Usage,
5738 pod2usage, Pod::Text and Pod::Man, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Sys::Hostname,
5739 Term::ANSIColor, Time::Local, Win32, XSLoader, DBM Filters
5745 =item Utility Changes
5759 =item The Perl Debugger
5763 =item Improved Documentation
5765 perlapi.pod, perlboot.pod, perlcompile.pod, perldbmfilter.pod,
5766 perldebug.pod, perldebguts.pod, perlfork.pod, perlfilter.pod, perlhack.pod,
5767 perlintern.pod, perllexwarn.pod, perlnumber.pod, perlopentut.pod,
5768 perlreftut.pod, perltootc.pod, perltodo.pod, perlunicode.pod
5770 =item Performance enhancements
5774 =item Simple sort() using { $a <=> $b } and the like are optimized
5776 =item Optimized assignments to lexical variables
5778 =item Faster subroutine calls
5780 =item delete(), each(), values() and hash iteration are faster
5784 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
5788 =item -Dusethreads means something different
5790 =item New Configure flags
5792 =item Threadedness and 64-bitness now more daring
5798 =item -Duselargefiles
5800 =item installusrbinperl
5806 =item Enhanced Installation Directories
5808 =item gcc automatically tried if 'cc' does not seem to be working
5812 =item Platform specific changes
5816 =item Supported platforms
5820 =item OS390 (OpenEdition MVS)
5828 =item Significant bug fixes
5832 =item <HANDLE> on empty files
5834 =item C<eval '...'> improvements
5836 =item All compilation errors are true errors
5838 =item Implicitly closed filehandles are safer
5840 =item Behavior of list slices is more consistent
5842 =item C<(\$)> prototype and C<$foo{a}>
5844 =item C<goto &sub> and AUTOLOAD
5846 =item C<-bareword> allowed under C<use integer>
5848 =item Failures in DESTROY()
5850 =item Locale bugs fixed
5854 =item Spurious subroutine stubs after failed subroutine calls
5856 =item Taint failures under C<-U>
5858 =item END blocks and the C<-c> switch
5860 =item Potential to leak DATA filehandles
5864 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
5866 "%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same %s, "my sub" not yet
5867 implemented, "our" variable %s redeclared, '!' allowed only after types %s,
5868 / cannot take a count, / must be followed by a, A or Z, / must be followed
5869 by a*, A* or Z*, / must follow a numeric type, /%s/: Unrecognized escape
5870 \\%c passed through, /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c in character class
5871 passed through, /%s/ should probably be written as "%s", %s() called too
5872 early to check prototype, %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element, %s
5873 argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or slice, %s argument is not a
5874 subroutine name, %s package attribute may clash with future reserved word:
5875 %s, (in cleanup) %s, <> should be quotes, Attempt to join self, Bad evalled
5876 substitution pattern, Bad realloc() ignored, Bareword found in conditional,
5877 Binary number > 0b11111111111111111111111111111111 non-portable, Bit vector
5878 size > 32 non-portable, Buffer overflow in prime_env_iter: %s, Can't check
5879 filesystem of script "%s", Can't declare class for non-scalar %s in "%s",
5880 Can't declare %s in "%s", Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default,
5881 Can't modify non-lvalue subroutine call, Can't read CRTL environ, Can't
5882 remove %s: %s, skipping file, Can't return %s from lvalue subroutine, Can't
5883 weaken a nonreference, Character class [:%s:] unknown, Character class
5884 syntax [%s] belongs inside character classes, Constant is not %s reference,
5885 constant(%s): %s, CORE::%s is not a keyword, defined(@array) is deprecated,
5886 defined(%hash) is deprecated, Did not produce a valid header, (Did you mean
5887 "local" instead of "our"?), Document contains no data, entering effective
5888 %s failed, false [] range "%s" in regexp, Filehandle %s opened only for
5889 output, flock() on closed filehandle %s, Global symbol "%s" requires
5890 explicit package name, Hexadecimal number > 0xffffffff non-portable,
5891 Ill-formed CRTL environ value "%s", Ill-formed message in prime_env_iter:
5892 |%s|, Illegal binary digit %s, Illegal binary digit %s ignored, Illegal
5893 number of bits in vec, Integer overflow in %s number, Invalid %s attribute:
5894 %s, Invalid %s attributes: %s, invalid [] range "%s" in regexp, Invalid
5895 separator character %s in attribute list, Invalid separator character %s in
5896 subroutine attribute list, leaving effective %s failed, Lvalue subs
5897 returning %s not implemented yet, Method %s not permitted, Missing
5898 %sbrace%s on \N{}, Missing command in piped open, Missing name in "my sub",
5899 No %s specified for -%c, No package name allowed for variable %s in "our",
5900 No space allowed after -%c, no UTC offset information; assuming local time
5901 is UTC, Octal number > 037777777777 non-portable, panic: del_backref,
5902 panic: kid popen errno read, panic: magic_killbackrefs, Parentheses missing
5903 around "%s" list, Possible unintended interpolation of %s in string,
5904 Possible Y2K bug: %s, pragma "attrs" is deprecated, use "sub NAME : ATTRS"
5905 instead, Premature end of script headers, Repeat count in pack overflows,
5906 Repeat count in unpack overflows, realloc() of freed memory ignored,
5907 Reference is already weak, setpgrp can't take arguments, Strange *+?{} on
5908 zero-length expression, switching effective %s is not implemented, This
5909 Perl can't reset CRTL environ elements (%s), This Perl can't set CRTL
5910 environ elements (%s=%s), Too late to run %s block, Unknown open() mode
5911 '%s', Unknown process %x sent message to prime_env_iter: %s, Unrecognized
5912 escape \\%c passed through, Unterminated attribute parameter in attribute
5913 list, Unterminated attribute list, Unterminated attribute parameter in
5914 subroutine attribute list, Unterminated subroutine attribute list, Value of
5915 CLI symbol "%s" too long, Version number must be a constant number
5919 =item Incompatible Changes
5923 =item Perl Source Incompatibilities
5925 CHECK is a new keyword, Treatment of list slices of undef has changed,
5926 Format of $English::PERL_VERSION is different, Literals of the form
5927 C<1.2.3> parse differently, Possibly changed pseudo-random number
5928 generator, Hashing function for hash keys has changed, C<undef> fails on
5929 read only values, Close-on-exec bit may be set on pipe and socket handles,
5930 Writing C<"$$1"> to mean C<"${$}1"> is unsupported, delete(), each(),
5931 values() and C<\(%h)>, vec(EXPR,OFFSET,BITS) enforces powers-of-two BITS,
5932 Text of some diagnostic output has changed, C<%@> has been removed,
5933 Parenthesized not() behaves like a list operator, Semantics of bareword
5934 prototype C<(*)> have changed, Semantics of bit operators may have changed
5935 on 64-bit platforms, More builtins taint their results
5937 =item C Source Incompatibilities
5939 C<PERL_POLLUTE>, C<PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT>, C<PERL_POLLUTE_MALLOC>
5941 =item Compatible C Source API Changes
5943 C<PATCHLEVEL> is now C<PERL_VERSION>
5945 =item Binary Incompatibilities
5949 =item Known Problems
5953 =item Localizing a tied hash element may leak memory
5955 =item Known test failures
5957 64-bit builds, Failure of Thread tests, NEXTSTEP 3.3 POSIX test failure,
5958 Tru64 (aka Digital UNIX, aka DEC OSF/1) lib/sdbm test failure with gcc
5960 =item EBCDIC platforms not fully supported
5962 =item UNICOS/mk CC failures during Configure run
5964 =item Arrow operator and arrays
5966 =item Experimental features
5968 Threads, Unicode, 64-bit support, Lvalue subroutines, Weak references, The
5969 pseudo-hash data type, The Compiler suite, Internal implementation of file
5970 globbing, The DB module, The regular expression code constructs:
5974 =item Obsolete Diagnostics
5976 Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Ill-formed
5977 logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter, In string, @%s now must be written as
5978 \@%s, Probable precedence problem on %s, regexp too big, Use of "$$<digit>"
5979 to mean "${$}<digit>" is deprecated
5981 =item Reporting Bugs
5989 =head2 perl56delta, perldelta - what's new for perl v5.6.0
5995 =item Core Enhancements
5999 =item Interpreter cloning, threads, and concurrency
6001 =item Lexically scoped warning categories
6003 =item Unicode and UTF-8 support
6005 =item Support for interpolating named characters
6007 =item "our" declarations
6009 =item Support for strings represented as a vector of ordinals
6011 =item Improved Perl version numbering system
6013 =item New syntax for declaring subroutine attributes
6015 =item File and directory handles can be autovivified
6017 =item open() with more than two arguments
6019 =item 64-bit support
6021 =item Large file support
6027 =item Enhanced support for sort() subroutines
6029 =item C<sort $coderef @foo> allowed
6031 =item File globbing implemented internally
6033 =item Support for CHECK blocks
6035 =item POSIX character class syntax [: :] supported
6037 =item Better pseudo-random number generator
6039 =item Improved C<qw//> operator
6041 =item Better worst-case behavior of hashes
6043 =item pack() format 'Z' supported
6045 =item pack() format modifier '!' supported
6047 =item pack() and unpack() support counted strings
6049 =item Comments in pack() templates
6051 =item Weak references
6053 =item Binary numbers supported
6055 =item Lvalue subroutines
6057 =item Some arrows may be omitted in calls through references
6059 =item Boolean assignment operators are legal lvalues
6061 =item exists() is supported on subroutine names
6063 =item exists() and delete() are supported on array elements
6065 =item Pseudo-hashes work better
6067 =item Automatic flushing of output buffers
6069 =item Better diagnostics on meaningless filehandle operations
6071 =item Where possible, buffered data discarded from duped input filehandle
6073 =item eof() has the same old magic as <>
6075 =item binmode() can be used to set :crlf and :raw modes
6077 =item C<-T> filetest recognizes UTF-8 encoded files as "text"
6079 =item system(), backticks and pipe open now reflect exec() failure
6081 =item Improved diagnostics
6083 =item Diagnostics follow STDERR
6085 =item More consistent close-on-exec behavior
6087 =item syswrite() ease-of-use
6089 =item Better syntax checks on parenthesized unary operators
6091 =item Bit operators support full native integer width
6093 =item Improved security features
6095 =item More functional bareword prototype (*)
6097 =item C<require> and C<do> may be overridden
6099 =item $^X variables may now have names longer than one character
6101 =item New variable $^C reflects C<-c> switch
6103 =item New variable $^V contains Perl version as a string
6105 =item Optional Y2K warnings
6107 =item Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings
6111 =item Modules and Pragmata
6117 attributes, B, Benchmark, ByteLoader, constant, charnames, Data::Dumper,
6118 DB, DB_File, Devel::DProf, Devel::Peek, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, English,
6119 Env, Fcntl, File::Compare, File::Find, File::Glob, File::Spec,
6120 File::Spec::Functions, Getopt::Long, IO, JPL, lib, Math::BigInt,
6121 Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Pod::Parser, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Checker,
6122 podchecker, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Find, Pod::Select, podselect, Pod::Usage,
6123 pod2usage, Pod::Text and Pod::Man, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Sys::Hostname,
6124 Term::ANSIColor, Time::Local, Win32, XSLoader, DBM Filters
6130 =item Utility Changes
6144 =item The Perl Debugger
6148 =item Improved Documentation
6150 perlapi.pod, perlboot.pod, perlcompile.pod, perldbmfilter.pod,
6151 perldebug.pod, perldebguts.pod, perlfork.pod, perlfilter.pod, perlhack.pod,
6152 perlintern.pod, perllexwarn.pod, perlnumber.pod, perlopentut.pod,
6153 perlreftut.pod, perltootc.pod, perltodo.pod, perlunicode.pod
6155 =item Performance enhancements
6159 =item Simple sort() using { $a <=> $b } and the like are optimized
6161 =item Optimized assignments to lexical variables
6163 =item Faster subroutine calls
6165 =item delete(), each(), values() and hash iteration are faster
6169 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
6173 =item -Dusethreads means something different
6175 =item New Configure flags
6177 =item Threadedness and 64-bitness now more daring
6183 =item -Duselargefiles
6185 =item installusrbinperl
6191 =item Enhanced Installation Directories
6195 =item Platform specific changes
6199 =item Supported platforms
6203 =item OS390 (OpenEdition MVS)
6211 =item Significant bug fixes
6215 =item <HANDLE> on empty files
6217 =item C<eval '...'> improvements
6219 =item All compilation errors are true errors
6221 =item Implicitly closed filehandles are safer
6223 =item Behavior of list slices is more consistent
6225 =item C<(\$)> prototype and C<$foo{a}>
6227 =item C<goto &sub> and AUTOLOAD
6229 =item C<-bareword> allowed under C<use integer>
6231 =item Failures in DESTROY()
6233 =item Locale bugs fixed
6237 =item Spurious subroutine stubs after failed subroutine calls
6239 =item Taint failures under C<-U>
6241 =item END blocks and the C<-c> switch
6243 =item Potential to leak DATA filehandles
6247 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
6249 "%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same %s, "my sub" not yet
6250 implemented, "our" variable %s redeclared, '!' allowed only after types %s,
6251 / cannot take a count, / must be followed by a, A or Z, / must be followed
6252 by a*, A* or Z*, / must follow a numeric type, /%s/: Unrecognized escape
6253 \\%c passed through, /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c in character class
6254 passed through, /%s/ should probably be written as "%s", %s() called too
6255 early to check prototype, %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element, %s
6256 argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or slice, %s argument is not a
6257 subroutine name, %s package attribute may clash with future reserved word:
6258 %s, (in cleanup) %s, <> should be quotes, Attempt to join self, Bad evalled
6259 substitution pattern, Bad realloc() ignored, Bareword found in conditional,
6260 Binary number > 0b11111111111111111111111111111111 non-portable, Bit vector
6261 size > 32 non-portable, Buffer overflow in prime_env_iter: %s, Can't check
6262 filesystem of script "%s", Can't declare class for non-scalar %s in "%s",
6263 Can't declare %s in "%s", Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default,
6264 Can't modify non-lvalue subroutine call, Can't read CRTL environ, Can't
6265 remove %s: %s, skipping file, Can't return %s from lvalue subroutine, Can't
6266 weaken a nonreference, Character class [:%s:] unknown, Character class
6267 syntax [%s] belongs inside character classes, Constant is not %s reference,
6268 constant(%s): %s, CORE::%s is not a keyword, defined(@array) is deprecated,
6269 defined(%hash) is deprecated, Did not produce a valid header, (Did you mean
6270 "local" instead of "our"?), Document contains no data, entering effective
6271 %s failed, false [] range "%s" in regexp, Filehandle %s opened only for
6272 output, flock() on closed filehandle %s, Global symbol "%s" requires
6273 explicit package name, Hexadecimal number > 0xffffffff non-portable,
6274 Ill-formed CRTL environ value "%s", Ill-formed message in prime_env_iter:
6275 |%s|, Illegal binary digit %s, Illegal binary digit %s ignored, Illegal
6276 number of bits in vec, Integer overflow in %s number, Invalid %s attribute:
6277 %s, Invalid %s attributes: %s, invalid [] range "%s" in regexp, Invalid
6278 separator character %s in attribute list, Invalid separator character %s in
6279 subroutine attribute list, leaving effective %s failed, Lvalue subs
6280 returning %s not implemented yet, Method %s not permitted, Missing
6281 %sbrace%s on \N{}, Missing command in piped open, Missing name in "my sub",
6282 No %s specified for -%c, No package name allowed for variable %s in "our",
6283 No space allowed after -%c, no UTC offset information; assuming local time
6284 is UTC, Octal number > 037777777777 non-portable, panic: del_backref,
6285 panic: kid popen errno read, panic: magic_killbackrefs, Parentheses missing
6286 around "%s" list, Possible unintended interpolation of %s in string,
6287 Possible Y2K bug: %s, pragma "attrs" is deprecated, use "sub NAME : ATTRS"
6288 instead, Premature end of script headers, Repeat count in pack overflows,
6289 Repeat count in unpack overflows, realloc() of freed memory ignored,
6290 Reference is already weak, setpgrp can't take arguments, Strange *+?{} on
6291 zero-length expression, switching effective %s is not implemented, This
6292 Perl can't reset CRTL environ elements (%s), This Perl can't set CRTL
6293 environ elements (%s=%s), Too late to run %s block, Unknown open() mode
6294 '%s', Unknown process %x sent message to prime_env_iter: %s, Unrecognized
6295 escape \\%c passed through, Unterminated attribute parameter in attribute
6296 list, Unterminated attribute list, Unterminated attribute parameter in
6297 subroutine attribute list, Unterminated subroutine attribute list, Value of
6298 CLI symbol "%s" too long, Version number must be a constant number
6302 =item Incompatible Changes
6306 =item Perl Source Incompatibilities
6308 CHECK is a new keyword, Treatment of list slices of undef has changed,
6309 Format of $English::PERL_VERSION is different, Literals of the form
6310 C<1.2.3> parse differently, Possibly changed pseudo-random number
6311 generator, Hashing function for hash keys has changed, C<undef> fails on
6312 read only values, Close-on-exec bit may be set on pipe and socket handles,
6313 Writing C<"$$1"> to mean C<"${$}1"> is unsupported, delete(), each(),
6314 values() and C<\(%h)>, vec(EXPR,OFFSET,BITS) enforces powers-of-two BITS,
6315 Text of some diagnostic output has changed, C<%@> has been removed,
6316 Parenthesized not() behaves like a list operator, Semantics of bareword
6317 prototype C<(*)> have changed, Semantics of bit operators may have changed
6318 on 64-bit platforms, More builtins taint their results
6320 =item C Source Incompatibilities
6322 C<PERL_POLLUTE>, C<PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT>, C<PERL_POLLUTE_MALLOC>
6324 =item Compatible C Source API Changes
6326 C<PATCHLEVEL> is now C<PERL_VERSION>
6328 =item Binary Incompatibilities
6332 =item Known Problems
6336 =item Thread test failures
6338 =item EBCDIC platforms not supported
6340 =item In 64-bit HP-UX the lib/io_multihomed test may hang
6342 =item NEXTSTEP 3.3 POSIX test failure
6344 =item Tru64 (aka Digital UNIX, aka DEC OSF/1) lib/sdbm test failure with
6347 =item UNICOS/mk CC failures during Configure run
6349 =item Arrow operator and arrays
6351 =item Experimental features
6353 Threads, Unicode, 64-bit support, Lvalue subroutines, Weak references, The
6354 pseudo-hash data type, The Compiler suite, Internal implementation of file
6355 globbing, The DB module, The regular expression code constructs:
6359 =item Obsolete Diagnostics
6361 Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Ill-formed
6362 logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter, In string, @%s now must be written as
6363 \@%s, Probable precedence problem on %s, regexp too big, Use of "$$<digit>"
6364 to mean "${$}<digit>" is deprecated
6366 =item Reporting Bugs
6374 =head2 perl5005delta, perldelta - what's new for perl5.005
6380 =item About the new versioning system
6382 =item Incompatible Changes
6386 =item WARNING: This version is not binary compatible with Perl 5.004.
6388 =item Default installation structure has changed
6390 =item Perl Source Compatibility
6392 =item C Source Compatibility
6394 =item Binary Compatibility
6396 =item Security fixes may affect compatibility
6398 =item Relaxed new mandatory warnings introduced in 5.004
6412 =item Regular Expressions
6414 Many new and improved optimizations, Many bug fixes, New regular expression
6415 constructs, New operator for precompiled regular expressions, Other
6416 improvements, Incompatible changes
6418 =item Improved malloc()
6420 =item Quicksort is internally implemented
6422 =item Reliable signals
6424 =item Reliable stack pointers
6426 =item More generous treatment of carriage returns
6430 =item Better support for multiple interpreters
6432 =item Behavior of local() on array and hash elements is now well-defined
6434 =item C<%!> is transparently tied to the L<Errno> module
6436 =item Pseudo-hashes are supported
6438 =item C<EXPR foreach EXPR> is supported
6440 =item Keywords can be globally overridden
6442 =item C<$^E> is meaningful on Win32
6444 =item C<foreach (1..1000000)> optimized
6446 =item C<Foo::> can be used as implicitly quoted package name
6448 =item C<exists $Foo::{Bar::}> tests existence of a package
6450 =item Better locale support
6452 =item Experimental support for 64-bit platforms
6454 =item prototype() returns useful results on builtins
6456 =item Extended support for exception handling
6458 =item Re-blessing in DESTROY() supported for chaining DESTROY() methods
6460 =item All C<printf> format conversions are handled internally
6462 =item New C<INIT> keyword
6464 =item New C<lock> keyword
6466 =item New C<qr//> operator
6468 =item C<our> is now a reserved word
6470 =item Tied arrays are now fully supported
6472 =item Tied handles support is better
6474 =item 4th argument to substr
6476 =item Negative LENGTH argument to splice
6478 =item Magic lvalues are now more magical
6480 =item <> now reads in records
6484 =item Supported Platforms
6490 =item Changes in existing support
6494 =item Modules and Pragmata
6500 B, Data::Dumper, Dumpvalue, Errno, File::Spec, ExtUtils::Installed,
6501 ExtUtils::Packlist, Fatal, IPC::SysV, Test, Tie::Array, Tie::Handle,
6502 Thread, attrs, fields, re
6504 =item Changes in existing modules
6506 Benchmark, Carp, CGI, Fcntl, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, POSIX, DB_File,
6507 MakeMaker, CPAN, Cwd
6511 =item Utility Changes
6513 =item Documentation Changes
6515 =item New Diagnostics
6517 Ambiguous call resolved as CORE::%s(), qualify as such or use &, Bad index
6518 while coercing array into hash, Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent
6519 package, Can't call method "%s" on an undefined value, Can't check
6520 filesystem of script "%s" for nosuid, Can't coerce array into hash, Can't
6521 goto subroutine from an eval-string, Can't localize pseudo-hash element,
6522 Can't use %%! because Errno.pm is not available, Cannot find an opnumber
6523 for "%s", Character class syntax [. .] is reserved for future extensions,
6524 Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Character
6525 class syntax [= =] is reserved for future extensions, %s: Eval-group in
6526 insecure regular expression, %s: Eval-group not allowed, use re 'eval', %s:
6527 Eval-group not allowed at run time, Explicit blessing to '' (assuming
6528 package main), Illegal hex digit ignored, No such array field, No such
6529 field "%s" in variable %s of type %s, Out of memory during ridiculously
6530 large request, Range iterator outside integer range, Recursive inheritance
6531 detected while looking for method '%s' %s, Reference found where even-sized
6532 list expected, Undefined value assigned to typeglob, Use of reserved word
6533 "%s" is deprecated, perl: warning: Setting locale failed
6535 =item Obsolete Diagnostics
6537 Can't mktemp(), Can't write to temp file for B<-e>: %s, Cannot open
6538 temporary file, regexp too big
6540 =item Configuration Changes
6550 =head2 perl5004delta, perldelta - what's new for perl5.004
6556 =item Supported Environments
6562 =item List assignment to %ENV works
6564 =item Change to "Can't locate Foo.pm in @INC" error
6566 =item Compilation option: Binary compatibility with 5.003
6568 =item $PERL5OPT environment variable
6570 =item Limitations on B<-M>, B<-m>, and B<-T> options
6572 =item More precise warnings
6574 =item Deprecated: Inherited C<AUTOLOAD> for non-methods
6576 =item Previously deprecated %OVERLOAD is no longer usable
6578 =item Subroutine arguments created only when they're modified
6580 =item Group vector changeable with C<$)>
6582 =item Fixed parsing of $$<digit>, &$<digit>, etc.
6584 =item Fixed localization of $<digit>, $&, etc.
6586 =item No resetting of $. on implicit close
6588 =item C<wantarray> may return undef
6590 =item C<eval EXPR> determines value of EXPR in scalar context
6592 =item Changes to tainting checks
6594 No glob() or <*>, No spawning if tainted $CDPATH, $ENV, $BASH_ENV, No
6595 spawning if tainted $TERM doesn't look like a terminal name
6597 =item New Opcode module and revised Safe module
6599 =item Embedding improvements
6601 =item Internal change: FileHandle class based on IO::* classes
6603 =item Internal change: PerlIO abstraction interface
6605 =item New and changed syntax
6609 =item New and changed builtin constants
6613 =item New and changed builtin variables
6617 =item New and changed builtin functions
6619 delete on slices, flock, printf and sprintf, keys as an lvalue, my() in
6620 Control Structures, pack() and unpack(), sysseek(), use VERSION, use Module
6621 VERSION LIST, prototype(FUNCTION), srand, $_ as Default, C<m//gc> does not
6622 reset search position on failure, C<m//x> ignores whitespace before ?*+{},
6623 nested C<sub{}> closures work now, formats work right on changing lexicals
6625 =item New builtin methods
6627 isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] )
6629 =item TIEHANDLE now supported
6631 TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this, LIST, READ this
6632 LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, DESTROY this
6634 =item Malloc enhancements
6636 -DPERL_EMERGENCY_SBRK, -DPACK_MALLOC, -DTWO_POT_OPTIMIZE
6638 =item Miscellaneous efficiency enhancements
6642 =item Support for More Operating Systems
6658 use autouse MODULE => qw(sub1 sub2 sub3), use blib, use blib 'dir', use
6659 constant NAME => VALUE, use locale, use ops, use vmsish
6665 =item Required Updates
6667 =item Installation directories
6669 =item Module information summary
6683 =item Object-oriented overrides for builtin operators
6687 =item Utility Changes
6693 Sends converted HTML to standard output
6697 C<void> XSUBs now default to returning nothing
6701 =item C Language API Changes
6703 C<gv_fetchmethod> and C<perl_call_sv>, C<perl_eval_pv>, Extended API for
6706 =item Documentation Changes
6708 L<perldelta>, L<perlfaq>, L<perllocale>, L<perltoot>, L<perlapio>,
6709 L<perlmodlib>, L<perldebug>, L<perlsec>
6711 =item New Diagnostics
6713 "my" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same scope, %s argument is
6714 not a HASH element or slice, Allocation too large: %lx, Allocation too
6715 large, Applying %s to %s will act on scalar(%s), Attempt to free
6716 nonexistent shared string, Attempt to use reference as lvalue in substr,
6717 Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent package, Can't redefine active sort
6718 subroutine %s, Can't use bareword ("%s") as %s ref while "strict refs" in
6719 use, Cannot resolve method `%s' overloading `%s' in package `%s', Constant
6720 subroutine %s redefined, Constant subroutine %s undefined, Copy method did
6721 not return a reference, Died, Exiting pseudo-block via %s, Identifier too
6722 long, Illegal character %s (carriage return), Illegal switch in PERL5OPT:
6723 %s, Integer overflow in hex number, Integer overflow in octal number,
6724 internal error: glob failed, Invalid conversion in %s: "%s", Invalid type
6725 in pack: '%s', Invalid type in unpack: '%s', Name "%s::%s" used only once:
6726 possible typo, Null picture in formline, Offset outside string, Out of
6727 memory!, Out of memory during request for %s, panic: frexp, Possible
6728 attempt to put comments in qw() list, Possible attempt to separate words
6729 with commas, Scalar value @%s{%s} better written as $%s{%s}, Stub found
6730 while resolving method `%s' overloading `%s' in %s, Too late for "B<-T>"
6731 option, untie attempted while %d inner references still exist, Unrecognized
6732 character %s, Unsupported function fork, Use of "$$<digit>" to mean
6733 "${$}<digit>" is deprecated, Value of %s can be "0"; test with defined(),
6734 Variable "%s" may be unavailable, Variable "%s" will not stay shared,
6735 Warning: something's wrong, Ill-formed logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter,
6736 Got an error from DosAllocMem, Malformed PERLLIB_PREFIX, PERL_SH_DIR too
6737 long, Process terminated by SIG%s
6747 =head2 perlaix, README.aix - Perl version 5 on IBM Unix (AIX) systems
6755 =item Compiling Perl 5 on AIX
6759 =item Building Dynamic Extensions on AIX
6761 =item The IBM ANSI C Compiler
6763 =item Using GNU's gcc for building perl
6765 =item Using Large Files with Perl
6771 =item AIX 4.2 and extensions using C++ with statics
6781 =head2 perlapollo, README.apollo - Perl version 5 on Apollo DomainOS
6791 =head2 perlamiga - Perl under Amiga OS
6805 =item Prerequisites for Compiling Perl on AmigaOS
6807 B<Unix emulation for AmigaOS: ixemul.library>, B<Version of Amiga OS>
6809 =item Starting Perl programs under AmigaOS
6811 =item Shortcomings of Perl under AmigaOS
6817 =item Accessing documentation
6821 =item Manpages for Perl on AmigaOS
6823 =item Perl HTML Documentation on AmigaOS
6825 =item Perl GNU Info Files on AmigaOS
6827 =item Perl LaTeX Documentation on AmigaOS
6831 =item BUILDING PERL ON AMIGAOS
6835 =item Build Prerequisites for Perl on AmigaOS
6837 =item Getting the Perl Source for AmigaOS
6839 =item Making Perl on AmigaOS
6841 =item Testing Perl on AmigaOS
6843 =item Installing the built Perl on AmigaOS
6853 =head2 perlbeos, README.beos - Perl version 5 on BeOS
6861 =item General Issues with Perl on BeOS
6863 =item BeOS Release-specific Notes
6867 =item Contact Information
6869 =item Update 2001-12-26
6875 =head2 perlbs2000, README.BS2000 - building and installing Perl for BS2000.
6885 =item gzip on BS2000
6887 =item bison on BS2000
6889 =item Unpacking Perl Distribution on BS2000
6891 =item Compiling Perl on BS2000
6893 =item Testing Perl on BS2000
6895 =item Installing Perl on BS2000
6897 =item Using Perl in the Posix-Shell of BS2000
6899 =item Using Perl in "native" BS2000
6901 =item Floating point anomalies on BS2000
6935 =item Acknowledgements
6941 =head2 perlcygwin, README.cygwin - Perl for Cygwin
6947 =item PREREQUISITES FOR COMPILING PERL ON CYGWIN
6951 =item Cygwin = GNU+Cygnus+Windows (Don't leave UNIX without it)
6953 =item Cygwin Configuration
6955 C<PATH>, I<nroff>, Permissions
6959 =item CONFIGURE PERL ON CYGWIN
6963 =item Stripping Perl Binaries on Cygwin
6965 =item Optional Libraries for Perl on Cygwin
6967 C<-lcrypt>, C<-lgdbm> (C<use GDBM_File>), C<-ldb> (C<use DB_File>),
6968 C<-lcygipc> (C<use IPC::SysV>)
6970 =item Configure-time Options for Perl on Cygwin
6972 C<-Uusedl>, C<-Uusemymalloc>, C<-Uuseperlio>, C<-Dusemultiplicity>,
6973 C<-Duse64bitint>, C<-Duselongdouble>, C<-Dusethreads>, C<-Duselargefiles>
6975 =item Suspicious Warnings on Cygwin
6977 I<dlsym()>, Win9x and C<d_eofnblk>, Compiler/Preprocessor defines
6981 =item MAKE ON CYGWIN
6985 =item Warnings on Cygwin
6991 =item TEST ON CYGWIN
6995 =item File Permissions on Cygwin
6997 =item Script Portability on Cygwin
6999 Pathnames, Text/Binary, F<.exe>, chown(), Miscellaneous
7003 =item INSTALL PERL ON CYGWIN
7005 =item MANIFEST ON CYGWIN
7007 Documentation, Build, Configure, Make, Install, Tests, Compiled Perl
7008 Source, Compiled Module Source, Perl Modules/Scripts
7010 =item BUGS ON CYGWIN
7018 =head2 perldgux - Perl under DG/UX.
7030 =item BUILDING PERL ON DG/UX
7034 =item Non-threaded Perl on DG/UX
7036 =item Threaded Perl on DG/UX
7038 =item Testing Perl on DG/UX
7040 =item Installing the built perl on DG/UX
7050 =head2 perldos - Perl under DOS, W31, W95.
7060 =item Prerequisites for Compiling Perl on DOS
7064 =item Shortcomings of Perl under DOS
7066 =item Building Perl on DOS
7068 =item Testing Perl on DOS
7070 =item Installation of Perl on DOS
7074 =item BUILDING AND INSTALLING MODULES ON DOS
7078 =item Building Prerequisites for Perl on DOS
7080 =item Unpacking CPAN Modules on DOS
7082 =item Building Non-XS Modules on DOS
7084 =item Building XS Modules on DOS
7094 =head2 perlepoc, README.epoc - Perl for EPOC
7102 =item INSTALLING PERL ON EPOC
7104 =item STARTING PERL ON EPOC
7106 =item STOPPING PERL ON EPOC
7108 =item USING PERL ON EPOC
7112 =item I/O Redirection on Epoc
7114 =item PATH Names on Epoc
7116 =item Editors on Epoc
7118 =item Features of Perl on Epoc
7120 =item Restrictions of Perl on Epoc
7122 =item Compiling Perl 5 on the EPOC cross compiling environment
7126 =item SUPPORT STATUS OF PERL ON EPOC
7134 =head2 perlhpux, README.hpux - Perl version 5 on Hewlett-Packard Unix
7143 =item Using perl as shipped with HP-UX
7145 =item Compiling Perl 5 on HP-UX
7157 =item Portability Between PA-RISC Versions
7159 =item Itanium Processor Family and HP-UX
7161 =item Building Dynamic Extensions on HP-UX
7163 =item The HP ANSI C Compiler
7165 =item Using Large Files with Perl on HP-UX
7167 =item Threaded Perl on HP-UX
7169 =item 64-bit Perl on HP-UX
7171 =item GDBM and Threads on HP-UX
7173 =item NFS filesystems and utime(2) on HP-UX
7175 =item perl -P and // and HP-UX
7177 =item HP-UX Kernel Parameters (maxdsiz) for Compiling Perl
7181 =item nss_delete core dump from op/pwent or op/grent
7189 =head2 perlhurd, README.hurd - Perl version 5 on Hurd
7197 =item Known Problems with Perl on Hurd
7205 =head2 perlmachten, README.machten - Perl version 5 on Power MachTen
7214 =item Compiling Perl 5 on MachTen
7216 =item Failures during C<make test> on MachTen
7218 op/lexassign.t, pragma/warnings.t
7220 =item Building external modules on MachTen
7230 =head2 perlmacos, README.macos - Perl under Mac OS (Classic)
7244 =head2 perlmint, README.mint - Perl version 5 on Atari MiNT
7250 =item Known problems with Perl on MiNT
7256 =head2 perlmpeix, README.mpeix - Perl/iX for HP e3000 MPE
7264 =item Binary distribution from HP
7266 =item What's New in Perl for MPE/iX
7268 =item Welcome to Perl/iX
7270 =item System Requirements for Perl/iX
7272 =item How to Obtain Perl/iX
7274 =item Perl/iX Distribution Contents Highlights
7276 README, INSTALL, LIBSHP3K, PERL, .cpan/, lib/, man/,
7277 public_html/feedback.cgi, src/perl-5.6.0-mpe
7279 =item How to Compile Perl/iX
7283 =item Getting Started with Perl/iX
7285 =item MPE/iX Implementation Considerations
7287 =item Known Perl/iX Bugs Under Investigation
7289 =item Perl/iX To-Do List
7291 =item Perl/iX Change History
7307 Buildtype.bat, SetNWBld.bat, MPKBuild.bat
7319 =item Build new extensions
7323 =item Acknowledgements
7331 =head2 perlos2 - Perl under OS/2, DOS, Win0.3*, Win0.95 and WinNT.
7351 EMX, RSX, HPFS, pdksh
7353 =item Starting Perl programs under OS/2 (and DOS and...)
7355 =item Starting OS/2 (and DOS) programs under Perl
7359 =item Frequently asked questions
7363 =item "It does not work"
7365 =item I cannot run external programs
7367 =item I cannot embed perl into my program, or use F<perl.dll> from my
7370 Is your program EMX-compiled with C<-Zmt -Zcrtdll>?, Did you use
7373 =item C<``> and pipe-C<open> do not work under DOS.
7375 =item Cannot start C<find.exe "pattern" file>
7383 =item Automatic binary installation
7385 C<PERL_BADLANG>, C<PERL_BADFREE>, F<Config.pm>
7387 =item Manual binary installation
7389 Perl VIO and PM executables (dynamically linked), Perl_ VIO executable
7390 (statically linked), Executables for Perl utilities, Main Perl library,
7391 Additional Perl modules, Tools to compile Perl modules, Manpages for Perl
7392 and utilities, Manpages for Perl modules, Source for Perl documentation,
7393 Perl manual in F<.INF> format, Pdksh
7399 =item Accessing documentation
7403 =item OS/2 F<.INF> file
7411 =item GNU C<info> files
7423 =item The short story
7427 =item Getting perl source
7429 =item Application of the patches
7437 A lot of C<bad free>, Process terminated by SIGTERM/SIGINT, F<op/fs.t>,
7440 =item Installing the built perl
7442 =item C<a.out>-style build
7450 =item Some C</> became C<\> in pdksh.
7452 =item C<'errno'> - unresolved external
7454 =item Problems with tr or sed
7456 =item Some problem (forget which ;-)
7458 =item Library ... not found
7460 =item Segfault in make
7462 =item op/sprintf test failure
7466 =item Specific (mis)features of OS/2 port
7470 =item C<setpriority>, C<getpriority>
7474 =item C<extproc> on the first line
7476 =item Additional modules:
7478 =item Prebuilt methods:
7480 C<File::Copy::syscopy>, C<DynaLoader::mod2fname>, C<Cwd::current_drive()>,
7481 C<Cwd::sys_chdir(name)>, C<Cwd::change_drive(name)>,
7482 C<Cwd::sys_is_absolute(name)>, C<Cwd::sys_is_rooted(name)>,
7483 C<Cwd::sys_is_relative(name)>, C<Cwd::sys_cwd(name)>,
7484 C<Cwd::sys_abspath(name, dir)>, C<Cwd::extLibpath([type])>,
7485 C<Cwd::extLibpath_set( path [, type ] )>,
7486 C<OS2::Error(do_harderror,do_exception)>, C<OS2::Errors2Drive(drive)>,
7487 OS2::SysInfo(), OS2::BootDrive(), C<OS2::MorphPM(serve)>,
7488 C<OS2::UnMorphPM(serve)>, C<OS2::Serve_Messages(force)>,
7489 C<OS2::Process_Messages(force [, cnt])>, C<OS2::_control87(new,mask)>,
7490 OS2::get_control87(), C<OS2::set_control87_em(new=MCW_EM,mask=MCW_EM)>
7492 =item Prebuilt variables:
7494 $OS2::emx_rev, $OS2::emx_env, $OS2::os_ver
7500 C<popen>, C<tmpnam>, C<tmpfile>, C<ctermid>, C<stat>, C<mkdir>, C<rmdir>,
7503 =item Identifying DLLs
7505 =item Centralized management of resources
7521 =item F<perl___.exe>
7523 =item Why strange names?
7525 =item Why dynamic linking?
7527 =item Why chimera build?
7535 =item C<PERLLIB_PREFIX>
7537 =item C<PERL_BADLANG>
7539 =item C<PERL_BADFREE>
7541 =item C<PERL_SH_DIR>
7543 =item C<USE_PERL_FLOCK>
7545 =item C<TMP> or C<TEMP>
7555 =item DLL name mangling: pre 5.6.2
7557 =item DLL name mangling: 5.6.2 and beyond
7559 Global DLLs, specific DLLs, C<BEGINLIBPATH> and C<ENDLIBPATH>, F<.> from
7562 =item DLL forwarder generation
7566 =item Calls to external programs
7568 =item Memory allocation
7572 C<COND_WAIT>, F<os2.c>
7588 =head2 perlos390, README.os390 - building and installing Perl for OS/390
7601 =item Unpacking Perl distribution on OS/390
7603 =item Setup and utilities for Perl on OS/390
7605 =item Configure Perl on OS/390
7607 =item Build, Test, Install Perl on OS/390
7609 =item Build Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
7611 =item Testing Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
7613 =item Installation Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
7615 =item Usage Hints for Perl on OS/390
7617 =item Floating Point Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
7619 =item Modules and Extensions for Perl on OS/390
7629 =item Mailing list for Perl on OS/390
7637 =head2 perlqnx, README.qnx - Perl version 5 on QNX
7645 =item Required Software for Compiling Perl on QNX4
7647 /bin/sh, ar, nm, cpp, make
7649 =item Outstanding Issues with Perl on QNX4
7651 =item QNX auxiliary files
7655 =item Outstanding issues with perl under QNX6
7663 =head2 perlplan9 - Plan 9-specific documentation for Perl
7673 =item What's in Plan 9 Perl
7675 =item What's not in Plan 9 Perl
7677 =item Perl5 Functions not currently supported in Plan 9 Perl
7679 =item Signals in Plan 9 Perl
7683 =item COMPILING AND INSTALLING PERL ON PLAN 9
7687 =item Installing Perl Documentation on Plan 9
7699 =head2 perlsolaris, README.solaris - Perl version 5 on Solaris systems
7707 =item Solaris Version Numbers.
7713 Solaris FAQ, Precompiled Binaries, Solaris Documentation
7719 =item File Extraction Problems on Solaris.
7721 =item Compiler and Related Tools on Solaris.
7723 =item Environment for Compiling Perl on Solaris
7727 =item RUN CONFIGURE.
7731 =item 64-bit Issues with Perl on Solaris.
7733 =item Threads in Perl on Solaris.
7735 =item Malloc Issues with Perl on Solaris.
7739 =item MAKE PROBLEMS.
7741 Dynamic Loading Problems With GNU as and GNU ld, ld.so.1: ./perl: fatal:
7742 relocation error:, dlopen: stub interception failed, #error "No
7743 DATAMODEL_NATIVE specified", sh: ar: not found
7749 =item op/stat.t test 4 in Solaris
7751 =item nss_delete core dump from op/pwent or op/grent
7755 =item PREBUILT BINARIES OF PERL FOR SOLARIS.
7757 =item RUNTIME ISSUES FOR PERL ON SOLARIS.
7761 =item Limits on Numbers of Open Files on Solaris.
7765 =item SOLARIS-SPECIFIC MODULES.
7767 =item SOLARIS-SPECIFIC PROBLEMS WITH MODULES.
7771 =item Proc::ProcessTable on Solaris
7773 =item BSD::Resource on Solaris
7775 =item Net::SSLeay on Solaris
7785 =head2 perltru64, README.tru64 - Perl version 5 on Tru64 (formerly known as
7786 Digital UNIX formerly known as DEC OSF/1) systems
7794 =item Compiling Perl 5 on Tru64
7796 =item Using Large Files with Perl on Tru64
7798 =item Threaded Perl on Tru64
7800 =item Long Doubles on Tru64
7802 =item 64-bit Perl on Tru64
7804 =item Warnings about floating-point overflow when compiling Perl on Tru64
7808 =item Testing Perl on Tru64
7814 =head2 perluts - Perl under UTS
7822 =item BUILDING PERL ON UTS
7824 =item Installing the built perl on UTS
7830 =head2 perlvmesa, README.vmesa - building and installing Perl for VM/ESA.
7840 =item Unpacking Perl Distribution on VM/ESA
7842 =item Setup Perl and utilities on VM/ESA
7844 =item Configure Perl on VM/ESA
7846 =item Testing Anomalies of Perl on VM/ESA
7848 =item Usage Hints for Perl on VM/ESA
7858 =item Mailing list for Perl on VM/ESA
7864 =head2 perlvms - VMS-specific documentation for Perl
7872 =item Organization of Perl Images
7878 =item Perl Extensions
7880 =item Installing static extensions
7882 =item Installing dynamic extensions
7886 =item File specifications
7892 =item Wildcard expansion
7898 =item PERL5LIB and PERLLIB
7904 =item I/O redirection and backgrounding
7906 =item Command line switches
7912 =item Perl functions
7914 File tests, backticks, binmode FILEHANDLE, crypt PLAINTEXT, USER, dump,
7915 exec LIST, fork, getpwent, getpwnam, getpwuid, gmtime, kill, qx//, select
7916 (system call), stat EXPR, system LIST, time, times, unlink LIST, utime
7917 LIST, waitpid PID,FLAGS
7919 =item Perl variables
7921 %ENV, CRTL_ENV, CLISYM_[LOCAL], Any other string, $!, $^E, $?, $|
7923 =item Standard modules with VMS-specific differences
7937 =head2 perlvos, README.vos - Perl for Stratus VOS
7945 =item Stratus POSIX Support
7949 =item INSTALLING PERL IN VOS
7953 =item Compiling Perl 5 on VOS
7955 =item Installing Perl 5 on VOS
7959 =item USING PERL IN VOS
7963 =item Unimplemented Features of Perl on VOS
7965 =item Restrictions of Perl on VOS
7969 =item SUPPORT STATUS
7977 =head2 perlwin32 - Perl under Win32
7987 =item Setting Up Perl on Win32
7989 Make, Command Shell, Borland C++, Microsoft Visual C++, Mingw32 with GCC
7993 =item Testing Perl on Win32
7995 =item Installation of Perl on Win32
7997 =item Usage Hints for Perl on Win32
7999 Environment Variables, File Globbing, Using perl from the command line,
8000 Building Extensions, Command-line Wildcard Expansion, Win32 Specific
8001 Extensions, Running Perl Scripts, Miscellaneous Things
8005 =item BUGS AND CAVEATS
8009 Gary Ng E<lt>71564.1743@CompuServe.COME<gt>, Gurusamy Sarathy
8010 E<lt>gsar@activestate.comE<gt>, Nick Ing-Simmons
8011 E<lt>nick@ing-simmons.netE<gt>
8019 =head1 PRAGMA DOCUMENTATION
8021 =head2 attrs - set/get attributes of a subroutine (deprecated)
8033 =head2 re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour
8043 =head2 threadshared::shared, threads::shared - Perl extension for sharing
8044 data structures between threads
8056 share VARIABLE, lock VARIABLE, unlock VARIABLE, cond_wait VARIABLE,
8057 cond_signal VARIABLE, cond_broadcast VARIABLE
8069 =head2 threads - Perl extension allowing use of interpreter based threads
8078 $thread = new(function, LIST), $thread->join, $thread->detach,
8079 threads->self, $thread->tid
8083 Fix so the return value is returned when you join, Add join_all, Fix memory
8086 =item AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT
8090 creating a thread from within a thread is unsafe under win32,
8091 PERL_OLD_SIGNALS are not threadsafe, will not be
8097 =head2 attributes - get/set subroutine or variable attributes
8107 =item Built-in Attributes
8109 locked, method, lvalue
8111 =item Available Subroutines
8115 =item Package-specific Attribute Handling
8117 FETCH_I<type>_ATTRIBUTES, MODIFY_I<type>_ATTRIBUTES
8119 =item Syntax of Attribute Lists
8127 =item Default exports
8129 =item Available exports
8131 =item Export tags defined
8141 =head2 attrs - set/get attributes of a subroutine (deprecated)
8153 =head2 autouse - postpone load of modules until a function is used
8169 =head2 base - Establish IS-A relationship with base class at compile time
8183 =head2 blib - Use MakeMaker's uninstalled version of a package
8197 =head2 bytes - Perl pragma to force byte semantics rather than character
8210 =head2 charnames - define character names for C<\N{named}> string literal
8219 =item CUSTOM TRANSLATORS
8221 =item charnames::viacode(code)
8223 =item charnames::vianame(code)
8225 =item ILLEGAL CHARACTERS
8231 =head2 constant - Perl pragma to declare constants
8243 =item List constants
8245 =item Defining multiple constants at once
8247 =item Magic constants
8251 =item TECHNICAL NOTES
8261 =head2 diagnostics - Perl compiler pragma to force verbose warning
8272 =item The C<diagnostics> Pragma
8274 =item The I<splain> Program
8288 =head2 encoding - pragma to control the conversion of legacy data into
8297 =item KNOWN PROBLEMS
8303 =head2 fields - compile-time class fields
8317 =head2 filetest - Perl pragma to control the filetest permission operators
8327 =item subpragma access
8333 =head2 integer - Perl pragma to use integer arithmetic instead of floating
8344 =head2 less - perl pragma to request less of something from the compiler
8354 =head2 lib - manipulate @INC at compile time
8364 =item Adding directories to @INC
8366 =item Deleting directories from @INC
8368 =item Restoring original @INC
8380 =head2 locale - Perl pragma to use and avoid POSIX locales for built-in
8391 =head2 open - perl pragma to set default disciplines for input and output
8399 =item NONPERLIO FUNCTIONALITY
8401 =item IMPLEMENTATION DETAILS
8407 =head2 ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when compiling
8419 =head2 overload - Package for overloading perl operations
8429 =item Declaration of overloaded functions
8431 =item Calling Conventions for Binary Operations
8433 FALSE, TRUE, C<undef>
8435 =item Calling Conventions for Unary Operations
8437 =item Calling Conventions for Mutators
8439 C<++> and C<-->, C<x=> and other assignment versions
8441 =item Overloadable Operations
8443 I<Arithmetic operations>, I<Comparison operations>, I<Bit operations>,
8444 I<Increment and decrement>, I<Transcendental functions>, I<Boolean, string
8445 and numeric conversion>, I<Iteration>, I<Dereferencing>, I<Special>
8447 =item Inheritance and overloading
8449 Strings as values of C<use overload> directive, Overloading of an operation
8450 is inherited by derived classes
8454 =item SPECIAL SYMBOLS FOR C<use overload>
8462 C<undef>, TRUE, defined, but FALSE
8464 =item Copy Constructor
8470 =item MAGIC AUTOGENERATION
8472 I<Assignment forms of arithmetic operations>, I<Conversion operations>,
8473 I<Increment and decrement>, C<abs($a)>, I<Unary minus>, I<Negation>,
8474 I<Concatenation>, I<Comparison operations>, I<Iterator>, I<Dereferencing>,
8477 =item Losing overloading
8479 =item Run-time Overloading
8481 =item Public functions
8483 overload::StrVal(arg), overload::Overloaded(arg), overload::Method(obj,op)
8485 =item Overloading constants
8487 integer, float, binary, q, qr
8489 =item IMPLEMENTATION
8491 =item Metaphor clash
8497 =item Two-face scalars
8499 =item Two-face references
8501 =item Symbolic calculator
8503 =item I<Really> symbolic calculator
8511 Odd number of arguments for overload::constant, `%s' is not an overloadable
8512 type, `%s' is not a code reference
8518 =head2 re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour
8528 =head2 sigtrap - Perl pragma to enable simple signal handling
8540 =item SIGNAL HANDLERS
8542 B<stack-trace>, B<die>, B<handler> I<your-handler>
8546 B<normal-signals>, B<error-signals>, B<old-interface-signals>
8550 B<untrapped>, B<any>, I<signal>, I<number>
8558 =head2 sort - perl pragma to control sort() behaviour
8568 =head2 strict - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe constructs
8576 C<strict refs>, C<strict vars>, C<strict subs>
8580 =head2 subs - Perl pragma to predeclare sub names
8590 =head2 threads - Perl extension allowing use of interpreter based threads
8599 $thread = new(function, LIST), $thread->join, $thread->detach,
8600 threads->self, $thread->tid
8604 Fix so the return value is returned when you join, Add join_all, Fix memory
8607 =item AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT
8611 creating a thread from within a thread is unsafe under win32,
8612 PERL_OLD_SIGNALS are not threadsafe, will not be
8618 =head2 threadshared, threads::shared - Perl extension for sharing data
8619 structures between threads
8631 share VARIABLE, lock VARIABLE, unlock VARIABLE, cond_wait VARIABLE,
8632 cond_signal VARIABLE, cond_broadcast VARIABLE
8644 =head2 utf8 - Perl pragma to enable/disable UTF-8 (or UTF-EBCDIC) in source
8655 =item Utility functions
8657 $num_octets = utf8::upgrade($string);, utf8::downgrade($string[, CHECK]),
8658 utf8::encode($string), $flag = utf8::decode($string)
8666 =head2 vars - Perl pragma to predeclare global variable names (obsolete)
8676 =head2 vmsish - Perl pragma to control VMS-specific language features
8684 C<vmsish status>, C<vmsish exit>, C<vmsish time>, C<vmsish hushed>
8688 =head2 warnings - Perl pragma to control optional warnings
8696 use warnings::register, warnings::enabled(), warnings::enabled($category),
8697 warnings::enabled($object), warnings::warn($message),
8698 warnings::warn($category, $message), warnings::warn($object, $message),
8699 warnings::warnif($message), warnings::warnif($category, $message),
8700 warnings::warnif($object, $message)
8704 =head2 warnings::register - warnings import function
8714 =head1 MODULE DOCUMENTATION
8716 =head2 AnyDBM_File - provide framework for multiple DBMs
8726 =item DBM Comparisons
8736 =head2 Attribute::Handlers - Simpler definition of attribute handlers
8746 [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5]
8750 =item Typed lexicals
8752 =item Type-specific attribute handlers
8754 =item Non-interpretive attribute handlers
8756 =item Phase-specific attribute handlers
8758 =item Attributes as C<tie> interfaces
8766 C<Bad attribute type: ATTR(%s)>, C<Attribute handler %s doesn't handle %s
8767 attributes>, C<Declaration of %s attribute in package %s may clash with
8768 future reserved word>, C<Can't have two ATTR specifiers on one subroutine>,
8769 C<Can't autotie a %s>, C<Internal error: %s symbol went missing>
8779 =head2 AutoLoader - load subroutines only on demand
8789 =item Subroutine Stubs
8791 =item Using B<AutoLoader>'s AUTOLOAD Subroutine
8793 =item Overriding B<AutoLoader>'s AUTOLOAD Subroutine
8795 =item Package Lexicals
8797 =item Not Using AutoLoader
8799 =item B<AutoLoader> vs. B<SelfLoader>
8809 =head2 AutoSplit - split a package for autoloading
8817 $keep, $check, $modtime
8821 =item Multiple packages
8829 =head2 B - The Perl Compiler
8837 =item OVERVIEW OF CLASSES
8841 =item SV-RELATED CLASSES
8849 IV, IVX, UVX, int_value, needs64bits, packiv
8863 =item B::PVMG METHODS
8867 =item B::MAGIC METHODS
8869 MOREMAGIC, PRIVATE, TYPE, FLAGS, OBJ, PTR
8871 =item B::PVLV METHODS
8873 TARGOFF, TARGLEN, TYPE, TARG
8877 USEFUL, PREVIOUS, RARE, TABLE
8881 is_empty, NAME, SAFENAME, STASH, SV, IO, FORM, AV, HV, EGV, CV, CVGEN,
8882 LINE, FILE, FILEGV, GvREFCNT, FLAGS
8886 LINES, PAGE, PAGE_LEN, LINES_LEFT, TOP_NAME, TOP_GV, FMT_NAME, FMT_GV,
8887 BOTTOM_NAME, BOTTOM_GV, SUBPROCESS, IoTYPE, IoFLAGS
8891 FILL, MAX, OFF, ARRAY, AvFLAGS
8895 STASH, START, ROOT, GV, FILE, DEPTH, PADLIST, OUTSIDE, XSUB, XSUBANY,
8900 FILL, MAX, KEYS, RITER, NAME, PMROOT, ARRAY
8902 =item OP-RELATED CLASSES
8906 next, sibling, name, ppaddr, desc, targ, type, seq, flags, private
8908 =item B::UNOP METHOD
8912 =item B::BINOP METHOD
8916 =item B::LOGOP METHOD
8920 =item B::LISTOP METHOD
8924 =item B::PMOP METHODS
8926 pmreplroot, pmreplstart, pmnext, pmregexp, pmflags, pmpermflags, precomp
8928 =item B::SVOP METHOD
8932 =item B::PADOP METHOD
8936 =item B::PVOP METHOD
8940 =item B::LOOP METHODS
8942 redoop, nextop, lastop
8944 =item B::COP METHODS
8946 label, stash, file, cop_seq, arybase, line
8950 =item FUNCTIONS EXPORTED BY C<B>
8952 main_cv, init_av, main_root, main_start, comppadlist, sv_undef, sv_yes,
8953 sv_no, amagic_generation, walkoptree(OP, METHOD), walkoptree_debug(DEBUG),
8954 walksymtable(SYMREF, METHOD, RECURSE, PREFIX), svref_2object(SV),
8955 ppname(OPNUM), hash(STR), cast_I32(I), minus_c, cstring(STR), class(OBJ),
8962 =head2 B::Asmdata - Autogenerated data about Perl ops, used to generate
8971 %insn_data, @insn_name, @optype, @specialsv_name
8977 =head2 B::Assembler - Assemble Perl bytecode
8989 =head2 B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks
9009 =head2 B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend
9019 B<-ofilename>, B<-afilename>, B<-->, B<-f>, B<-fcompress-nullops>,
9020 B<-fomit-sequence-numbers>, B<-fbypass-nullops>, B<-On>, B<-D>, B<-Do>,
9021 B<-Db>, B<-Da>, B<-DC>, B<-S>, B<-upackage>
9031 =head2 B::C - Perl compiler's C backend
9041 B<-ofilename>, B<-v>, B<-->, B<-uPackname>, B<-D>, B<-Do>, B<-Dc>, B<-DA>,
9042 B<-DC>, B<-DM>, B<-f>, B<-fcog>, B<-fsave-data>, B<-fppaddr>, B<-fwarn-sv>,
9043 B<-fuse-script-name>, B<-fsave-sig-hash>, B<-On>, B<-llimit>
9053 =head2 B::CC - Perl compiler's optimized C translation backend
9063 B<-ofilename>, B<-v>, B<-->, B<-uPackname>, B<-mModulename>, B<-D>, B<-Dr>,
9064 B<-DO>, B<-Ds>, B<-Dp>, B<-Dq>, B<-Dl>, B<-Dt>, B<-f>,
9065 B<-ffreetmps-each-bblock>, B<-ffreetmps-each-loop>, B<-fomit-taint>, B<-On>
9077 =item Context of ".."
9081 =item Deprecated features
9089 =head2 B::Concise - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing concise info about ops
9099 B<-basic>, B<-exec>, B<-tree>, B<-compact>, B<-loose>, B<-vt>, B<-ascii>,
9100 B<-main>, B<-base>I<n>, B<-bigendian>, B<-littleendian>, B<-concise>,
9101 B<-terse>, B<-linenoise>, B<-debug>, B<-env>
9103 =item FORMATTING SPECIFICATIONS
9105 B<(x(>I<exec_text>B<;>I<basic_text>B<)x)>, B<(*(>I<text>B<)*)>,
9106 B<(*(>I<text1>B<;>I<text2>B<)*)>, B<(?(>I<text1>B<#>I<var>I<Text2>B<)?)>,
9107 B<#>I<var>, B<#>I<var>I<N>, B<~>, B<#addr>, B<#arg>, B<#class>,
9108 B<#classym>, B<#coplabel>, B<#exname>, B<#extarg>, B<#firstaddr>,
9109 B<#flags>, B<#flagval>, B<#hyphenseq>, B<#label>, B<#lastaddr>, B<#name>,
9110 B<#NAME>, B<#next>, B<#nextaddr>, B<#noise>, B<#private>, B<#privval>,
9111 B<#seq>, B<#seqnum>, B<#sibaddr>, B<#svaddr>, B<#svclass>, B<#svval>,
9112 B<#targ>, B<#targarg>, B<#targarglife>, B<#typenum>
9118 =item OP flags abbreviations
9120 =item OP class abbreviations
9124 =item Using B::Concise outside of the O framework
9130 =head2 B::Debug - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing debug info about ops
9142 =head2 B::Deparse - Perl compiler backend to produce perl code
9152 B<-l>, B<-p>, B<-q>, B<-f>I<FILE>, B<-s>I<LETTERS>, B<C>, B<i>I<NUMBER>,
9153 B<T>, B<v>I<STRING>B<.>, B<-x>I<LEVEL>
9155 =item USING B::Deparse AS A MODULE
9165 =item ambient_pragmas
9167 strict, $[, bytes, utf8, integer, re, warnings, hint_bits, warning_bits
9179 =head2 B::Disassembler - Disassemble Perl bytecode
9191 =head2 B::Lint - Perl lint
9199 =item OPTIONS AND LINT CHECKS
9201 B<context>, B<implicit-read> and B<implicit-write>, B<dollar-underscore>,
9202 B<private-names>, B<undefined-subs>, B<regexp-variables>, B<all>, B<none>
9204 =item NON LINT-CHECK OPTIONS
9214 =head2 B::O, O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends
9224 =item IMPLEMENTATION
9230 =head2 B::Showlex - Show lexical variables used in functions or files
9242 =head2 B::Stackobj - Helper module for CC backend
9254 =head2 B::Stash - show what stashes are loaded
9256 =head2 B::Terse - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing terse info about ops
9268 =head2 B::Xref - Generates cross reference reports for Perl programs
9278 C<-oFILENAME>, C<-r>, C<-D[tO]>
9286 =head2 Bblock, B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks
9306 =head2 Benchmark - benchmark running times of Perl code
9320 =item Standard Exports
9322 timeit(COUNT, CODE), timethis ( COUNT, CODE, [ TITLE, [ STYLE ]] ),
9323 timethese ( COUNT, CODEHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), timediff ( T1, T2 ), timestr (
9324 TIMEDIFF, [ STYLE, [ FORMAT ] ] )
9326 =item Optional Exports
9328 clearcache ( COUNT ), clearallcache ( ), cmpthese ( COUT, CODEHASHREF, [
9329 STYLE ] ), cmpthese ( RESULTSHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), countit(TIME, CODE),
9330 disablecache ( ), enablecache ( ), timesum ( T1, T2 )
9346 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
9350 =head2 ByteLoader - load byte compiled perl code
9364 =head2 Bytecode, B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend
9374 B<-ofilename>, B<-afilename>, B<-->, B<-f>, B<-fcompress-nullops>,
9375 B<-fomit-sequence-numbers>, B<-fbypass-nullops>, B<-On>, B<-D>, B<-Do>,
9376 B<-Db>, B<-Da>, B<-DC>, B<-S>, B<-upackage>
9386 =head2 CGI - Simple Common Gateway Interface Class
9398 =item PROGRAMMING STYLE
9400 =item CALLING CGI.PM ROUTINES
9402 =item CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT (OBJECT-ORIENTED STYLE):
9404 =item CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT FROM AN INPUT FILE
9406 =item FETCHING A LIST OF KEYWORDS FROM THE QUERY:
9408 =item FETCHING THE NAMES OF ALL THE PARAMETERS PASSED TO YOUR SCRIPT:
9410 =item FETCHING THE VALUE OR VALUES OF A SINGLE NAMED PARAMETER:
9412 =item SETTING THE VALUE(S) OF A NAMED PARAMETER:
9414 =item APPENDING ADDITIONAL VALUES TO A NAMED PARAMETER:
9416 =item IMPORTING ALL PARAMETERS INTO A NAMESPACE:
9418 =item DELETING A PARAMETER COMPLETELY:
9420 =item DELETING ALL PARAMETERS:
9422 =item DIRECT ACCESS TO THE PARAMETER LIST:
9424 =item FETCHING THE PARAMETER LIST AS A HASH:
9426 =item SAVING THE STATE OF THE SCRIPT TO A FILE:
9428 =item RETRIEVING CGI ERRORS
9430 =item USING THE FUNCTION-ORIENTED INTERFACE
9432 B<:cgi>, B<:form>, B<:html2>, B<:html3>, B<:netscape>, B<:html>,
9433 B<:standard>, B<:all>
9437 -any, -compile, -nosticky, -no_undef_params, -no_xhtml, -nph,
9438 -newstyle_urls, -oldstyle_urls, -autoload, -no_debug, -debug,
9441 =item SPECIAL FORMS FOR IMPORTING HTML-TAG FUNCTIONS
9443 1. start_table() (generates a <TABLE> tag), 2. end_table() (generates a
9444 </TABLE> tag), 3. start_ul() (generates a <UL> tag), 4. end_ul() (generates
9449 =item GENERATING DYNAMIC DOCUMENTS
9453 =item CREATING A STANDARD HTTP HEADER:
9455 =item GENERATING A REDIRECTION HEADER
9457 =item CREATING THE HTML DOCUMENT HEADER
9459 B<Parameters:>, 4, 5, 6..
9461 =item ENDING THE HTML DOCUMENT:
9463 =item CREATING A SELF-REFERENCING URL THAT PRESERVES STATE INFORMATION:
9465 =item OBTAINING THE SCRIPT'S URL
9467 B<-absolute>, B<-relative>, B<-full>, B<-path> (B<-path_info>), B<-query>
9468 (B<-query_string>), B<-base>
9470 =item MIXING POST AND URL PARAMETERS
9474 =item CREATING STANDARD HTML ELEMENTS:
9478 =item PROVIDING ARGUMENTS TO HTML SHORTCUTS
9480 =item THE DISTRIBUTIVE PROPERTY OF HTML SHORTCUTS
9482 =item HTML SHORTCUTS AND LIST INTERPOLATION
9484 =item NON-STANDARD HTML SHORTCUTS
9486 =item AUTOESCAPING HTML
9488 $escaped_string = escapeHTML("unescaped string");, $charset =
9489 charset([$charset]);, $flag = autoEscape([$flag]);
9491 =item PRETTY-PRINTING HTML
9495 =item CREATING FILL-OUT FORMS:
9499 =item CREATING AN ISINDEX TAG
9501 =item STARTING AND ENDING A FORM
9503 B<application/x-www-form-urlencoded>, B<multipart/form-data>
9505 =item CREATING A TEXT FIELD
9509 =item CREATING A BIG TEXT FIELD
9511 =item CREATING A PASSWORD FIELD
9513 =item CREATING A FILE UPLOAD FIELD
9517 =item CREATING A POPUP MENU
9519 =item CREATING A SCROLLING LIST
9523 =item CREATING A GROUP OF RELATED CHECKBOXES
9527 =item CREATING A STANDALONE CHECKBOX
9531 =item CREATING A RADIO BUTTON GROUP
9535 =item CREATING A SUBMIT BUTTON
9539 =item CREATING A RESET BUTTON
9541 =item CREATING A DEFAULT BUTTON
9543 =item CREATING A HIDDEN FIELD
9547 =item CREATING A CLICKABLE IMAGE BUTTON
9549 B<Parameters:>, 3. The third option (-align, optional) is an alignment
9550 type, and may be TOP, BOTTOM or MIDDLE
9552 =item CREATING A JAVASCRIPT ACTION BUTTON
9558 1. an expiration time, 2. a domain, 3. a path, 4. a "secure" flag,
9559 B<-name>, B<-value>, B<-path>, B<-domain>, B<-expires>, B<-secure>
9561 =item WORKING WITH FRAMES
9563 1. Create a <Frameset> document, 2. Specify the destination for the
9564 document in the HTTP header, 3. Specify the destination for the document in
9567 =item LIMITED SUPPORT FOR CASCADING STYLE SHEETS
9573 =item DUMPING OUT ALL THE NAME/VALUE PAIRS
9577 =item FETCHING ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
9579 B<Accept()>, B<raw_cookie()>, B<user_agent()>, B<path_info()>,
9580 B<path_translated()>, B<remote_host()>, B<script_name()> Return the script
9581 name as a partial URL, for self-refering scripts, B<referer()>, B<auth_type
9582 ()>, B<server_name ()>, B<virtual_host ()>, B<server_port ()>,
9583 B<server_software ()>, B<remote_user ()>, B<user_name ()>,
9584 B<request_method()>, B<content_type()>, B<http()>, B<https()>
9586 =item USING NPH SCRIPTS
9588 In the B<use> statement, By calling the B<nph()> method:, By using B<-nph>
9593 multipart_init(), multipart_start(), multipart_end(), multipart_final()
9595 =item Avoiding Denial of Service Attacks
9597 B<$CGI::POST_MAX>, B<$CGI::DISABLE_UPLOADS>, B<1. On a script-by-script
9598 basis>, B<2. Globally for all scripts>
9600 =item COMPATIBILITY WITH CGI-LIB.PL
9602 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
9606 Matt Heffron (heffron@falstaff.css.beckman.com), James Taylor
9607 (james.taylor@srs.gov), Scott Anguish <sanguish@digifix.com>, Mike Jewell
9608 (mlj3u@virginia.edu), Timothy Shimmin (tes@kbs.citri.edu.au), Joergen Haegg
9609 (jh@axis.se), Laurent Delfosse (delfosse@delfosse.com), Richard Resnick
9610 (applepi1@aol.com), Craig Bishop (csb@barwonwater.vic.gov.au), Tony Curtis
9611 (tc@vcpc.univie.ac.at), Tim Bunce (Tim.Bunce@ig.co.uk), Tom Christiansen
9612 (tchrist@convex.com), Andreas Koenig (k@franz.ww.TU-Berlin.DE), Tim
9613 MacKenzie (Tim.MacKenzie@fulcrum.com.au), Kevin B. Hendricks
9614 (kbhend@dogwood.tyler.wm.edu), Stephen Dahmen (joyfire@inxpress.net), Ed
9615 Jordan (ed@fidalgo.net), David Alan Pisoni (david@cnation.com), Doug
9616 MacEachern (dougm@opengroup.org), Robin Houston (robin@oneworld.org),
9617 ...and many many more..
9619 =item A COMPLETE EXAMPLE OF A SIMPLE FORM-BASED SCRIPT
9627 =head2 CGI::Apache - Backward compatibility module for CGI.pm
9637 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
9645 =head2 CGI::Carp, B<CGI::Carp> - CGI routines for writing to the HTTPD (or
9654 =item REDIRECTING ERROR MESSAGES
9656 =item MAKING PERL ERRORS APPEAR IN THE BROWSER WINDOW
9660 =item Changing the default message
9664 =item MAKING WARNINGS APPEAR AS HTML COMMENTS
9674 =head2 CGI::Cookie - Interface to Netscape Cookies
9682 =item USING CGI::Cookie
9684 B<1. expiration date>, B<2. domain>, B<3. path>, B<4. secure flag>
9688 =item Creating New Cookies
9690 =item Sending the Cookie to the Browser
9692 =item Recovering Previous Cookies
9694 =item Manipulating Cookies
9696 B<name()>, B<value()>, B<domain()>, B<path()>, B<expires()>
9700 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
9708 =head2 CGI::Fast - CGI Interface for Fast CGI
9716 =item OTHER PIECES OF THE PUZZLE
9718 =item WRITING FASTCGI PERL SCRIPTS
9720 =item INSTALLING FASTCGI SCRIPTS
9722 =item USING FASTCGI SCRIPTS AS CGI SCRIPTS
9724 =item EXTERNAL FASTCGI SERVER INVOCATION
9726 FCGI_SOCKET_PATH, FCGI_LISTEN_QUEUE
9730 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
9738 =head2 CGI::Pretty - module to produce nicely formatted HTML code
9748 =item Tags that won't be formatted
9750 =item Customizing the Indenting
9762 =head2 CGI::Push - Simple Interface to Server Push
9770 =item USING CGI::Push
9772 -next_page, -last_page, -type, -delay, -cookie, -target, -expires, -nph
9776 =item Heterogeneous Pages
9778 =item Changing the Page Delay on the Fly
9782 =item INSTALLING CGI::Push SCRIPTS
9784 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
9792 =head2 CGI::Switch - Backward compatibility module for defunct CGI::Switch
9802 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
9810 =head2 CGI::Util - Internal utilities used by CGI module
9818 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
9824 =head2 CPAN - query, download and build perl modules from CPAN sites
9834 =item Interactive Mode
9836 Searching for authors, bundles, distribution files and modules, make, test,
9837 install, clean modules or distributions, get, readme, look module or
9838 distribution, ls author, Signals
9846 =item The four C<CPAN::*> Classes: Author, Bundle, Module, Distribution
9848 =item Programmer's interface
9850 expand($type,@things), expandany(@things), Programming Examples
9852 =item Methods in the other Classes
9854 CPAN::Author::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Author::as_string(),
9855 CPAN::Author::email(), CPAN::Author::fullname(), CPAN::Author::name(),
9856 CPAN::Bundle::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Bundle::as_string(),
9857 CPAN::Bundle::clean(), CPAN::Bundle::contains(),
9858 CPAN::Bundle::force($method,@args), CPAN::Bundle::get(),
9859 CPAN::Bundle::inst_file(), CPAN::Bundle::inst_version(),
9860 CPAN::Bundle::uptodate(), CPAN::Bundle::install(), CPAN::Bundle::make(),
9861 CPAN::Bundle::readme(), CPAN::Bundle::test(),
9862 CPAN::Distribution::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Distribution::as_string(),
9863 CPAN::Distribution::clean(), CPAN::Distribution::containsmods(),
9864 CPAN::Distribution::cvs_import(), CPAN::Distribution::dir(),
9865 CPAN::Distribution::force($method,@args), CPAN::Distribution::get(),
9866 CPAN::Distribution::install(), CPAN::Distribution::isa_perl(),
9867 CPAN::Distribution::look(), CPAN::Distribution::make(),
9868 CPAN::Distribution::prereq_pm(), CPAN::Distribution::readme(),
9869 CPAN::Distribution::test(), CPAN::Distribution::uptodate(),
9870 CPAN::Index::force_reload(), CPAN::Index::reload(), CPAN::InfoObj::dump(),
9871 CPAN::Module::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Module::as_string(),
9872 CPAN::Module::clean(), CPAN::Module::cpan_file(),
9873 CPAN::Module::cpan_version(), CPAN::Module::cvs_import(),
9874 CPAN::Module::description(), CPAN::Module::force($method,@args),
9875 CPAN::Module::get(), CPAN::Module::inst_file(),
9876 CPAN::Module::inst_version(), CPAN::Module::install(),
9877 CPAN::Module::look(), CPAN::Module::make(),
9878 CPAN::Module::manpage_headline(), CPAN::Module::readme(),
9879 CPAN::Module::test(), CPAN::Module::uptodate(), CPAN::Module::userid()
9887 =item Finding packages and VERSION
9891 =item Floppy, Zip, Offline Mode
9897 C<o conf E<lt>scalar optionE<gt>>, C<o conf E<lt>scalar optionE<gt>
9898 E<lt>valueE<gt>>, C<o conf E<lt>list optionE<gt>>, C<o conf E<lt>list
9899 optionE<gt> [shift|pop]>, C<o conf E<lt>list optionE<gt>
9900 [unshift|push|splice] E<lt>listE<gt>>
9904 =item Note on urllist parameter's format
9906 =item urllist parameter has CD-ROM support
9914 =item POPULATE AN INSTALLATION WITH LOTS OF MODULES
9916 =item WORKING WITH CPAN.pm BEHIND FIREWALLS
9920 =item Three basic types of firewalls
9922 http firewall, ftp firewall, One way visibility, SOCKS, IP Masquerade
9924 =item Configuring lynx or ncftp for going through a firewall
9930 1), 2), 3), 4), 5), 6), 7), 8), 9), 10)
9942 =head2 CPAN::FirstTime - Utility for CPAN::Config file Initialization
9952 =head2 CPANox, CPAN::Nox - Wrapper around CPAN.pm without using any XS
9965 =head2 Carp, carp - warn of errors (from perspective of caller)
9975 =item Forcing a Stack Trace
9983 =head2 Carp::Heavy, Carp heavy machinery - no user serviceable parts inside
9985 =head2 Class::ISA -- report the search path for a class's ISA tree
9995 the function Class::ISA::super_path($CLASS), the function
9996 Class::ISA::self_and_super_path($CLASS), the function
9997 Class::ISA::self_and_super_versions($CLASS)
9999 =item CAUTIONARY NOTES
10007 =head2 Class::Struct - declare struct-like datatypes as Perl classes
10017 =item The C<struct()> function
10019 =item Class Creation at Compile Time
10021 =item Element Types and Accessor Methods
10023 Scalar (C<'$'> or C<'*$'>), Array (C<'@'> or C<'*@'>), Hash (C<'%'> or
10024 C<'*%'>), Class (C<'Class_Name'> or C<'*Class_Name'>)
10026 =item Initializing with C<new>
10032 Example 1, Example 2, Example 3
10034 =item Author and Modification History
10038 =head2 Config - access Perl configuration information
10046 myconfig(), config_sh(), config_vars(@names)
10058 C<_a>, C<_exe>, C<_o>
10062 C<afs>, C<afsroot>, C<alignbytes>, C<ansi2knr>, C<aphostname>,
10063 C<api_revision>, C<api_subversion>, C<api_version>, C<api_versionstring>,
10064 C<ar>, C<archlib>, C<archlibexp>, C<archname64>, C<archname>, C<archobjs>,
10069 C<baserev>, C<bash>, C<bin>, C<bincompat5005>, C<binexp>, C<bison>,
10070 C<byacc>, C<byteorder>
10074 C<c>, C<castflags>, C<cat>, C<cc>, C<cccdlflags>, C<ccdlflags>, C<ccflags>,
10075 C<ccflags_uselargefiles>, C<ccname>, C<ccsymbols>, C<ccversion>, C<cf_by>,
10076 C<cf_email>, C<cf_time>, C<charsize>, C<chgrp>, C<chmod>, C<chown>,
10077 C<clocktype>, C<comm>, C<compress>, C<contains>, C<cp>, C<cpio>, C<cpp>,
10078 C<cpp_stuff>, C<cppccsymbols>, C<cppflags>, C<cpplast>, C<cppminus>,
10079 C<cpprun>, C<cppstdin>, C<cppsymbols>, C<cryptlib>, C<csh>
10083 C<d__fwalk>, C<d_access>, C<d_accessx>, C<d_alarm>, C<d_archlib>,
10084 C<d_atolf>, C<d_atoll>, C<d_attribut>, C<d_bcmp>, C<d_bcopy>,
10085 C<d_bincompat5005>, C<d_bsd>, C<d_bsdgetpgrp>, C<d_bsdsetpgrp>, C<d_bzero>,
10086 C<d_casti32>, C<d_castneg>, C<d_charvspr>, C<d_chown>, C<d_chroot>,
10087 C<d_chsize>, C<d_class>, C<d_closedir>, C<d_cmsghdr_s>, C<d_const>,
10088 C<d_crypt>, C<d_csh>, C<d_cuserid>, C<d_dbl_dig>, C<d_dbminitproto>,
10089 C<d_difftime>, C<d_dirfd>, C<d_dirnamlen>, C<d_dlerror>, C<d_dlopen>,
10090 C<d_dlsymun>, C<d_dosuid>, C<d_drand48proto>, C<d_dup2>, C<d_eaccess>,
10091 C<d_endgrent>, C<d_endhent>, C<d_endnent>, C<d_endpent>, C<d_endpwent>,
10092 C<d_endsent>, C<d_eofnblk>, C<d_eunice>, C<d_fchdir>, C<d_fchmod>,
10093 C<d_fchown>, C<d_fcntl>, C<d_fcntl_can_lock>, C<d_fd_macros>, C<d_fd_set>,
10094 C<d_fds_bits>, C<d_fgetpos>, C<d_finite>, C<d_finitel>, C<d_flexfnam>,
10095 C<d_flock>, C<d_flockproto>, C<d_fork>, C<d_fp_class>, C<d_fpathconf>,
10096 C<d_fpclass>, C<d_fpclassify>, C<d_fpclassl>, C<d_fpos64_t>, C<d_frexpl>,
10097 C<d_fs_data_s>, C<d_fseeko>, C<d_fsetpos>, C<d_fstatfs>, C<d_fstatvfs>,
10098 C<d_fsync>, C<d_ftello>, C<d_ftime>, C<d_Gconvert>, C<d_getcwd>,
10099 C<d_getespwnam>, C<d_getfsstat>, C<d_getgrent>, C<d_getgrps>,
10100 C<d_gethbyaddr>, C<d_gethbyname>, C<d_gethent>, C<d_gethname>,
10101 C<d_gethostprotos>, C<d_getitimer>, C<d_getlogin>, C<d_getmnt>,
10102 C<d_getmntent>, C<d_getnbyaddr>, C<d_getnbyname>, C<d_getnent>,
10103 C<d_getnetprotos>, C<d_getpagsz>, C<d_getpbyname>, C<d_getpbynumber>,
10104 C<d_getpent>, C<d_getpgid>, C<d_getpgrp2>, C<d_getpgrp>, C<d_getppid>,
10105 C<d_getprior>, C<d_getprotoprotos>, C<d_getprpwnam>, C<d_getpwent>,
10106 C<d_getsbyname>, C<d_getsbyport>, C<d_getsent>, C<d_getservprotos>,
10107 C<d_getspnam>, C<d_gettimeod>, C<d_gnulibc>, C<d_grpasswd>, C<d_hasmntopt>,
10108 C<d_htonl>, C<d_index>, C<d_inetaton>, C<d_int64_t>, C<d_isascii>,
10109 C<d_isfinite>, C<d_isinf>, C<d_isnan>, C<d_isnanl>, C<d_killpg>,
10110 C<d_lchown>, C<d_ldbl_dig>, C<d_link>, C<d_locconv>, C<d_lockf>,
10111 C<d_longdbl>, C<d_longlong>, C<d_lseekproto>, C<d_lstat>, C<d_madvise>,
10112 C<d_mblen>, C<d_mbstowcs>, C<d_mbtowc>, C<d_memchr>, C<d_memcmp>,
10113 C<d_memcpy>, C<d_memmove>, C<d_memset>, C<d_mkdir>, C<d_mkdtemp>,
10114 C<d_mkfifo>, C<d_mkstemp>, C<d_mkstemps>, C<d_mktime>, C<d_mmap>,
10115 C<d_modfl>, C<d_modfl_pow32_bug>, C<d_mprotect>, C<d_msg>, C<d_msg_ctrunc>,
10116 C<d_msg_dontroute>, C<d_msg_oob>, C<d_msg_peek>, C<d_msg_proxy>,
10117 C<d_msgctl>, C<d_msgget>, C<d_msghdr_s>, C<d_msgrcv>, C<d_msgsnd>,
10118 C<d_msync>, C<d_munmap>, C<d_mymalloc>, C<d_nice>, C<d_nl_langinfo>,
10119 C<d_nv_preserves_uv>, C<d_nv_preserves_uv_bits>, C<d_off64_t>,
10120 C<d_old_pthread_create_joinable>, C<d_oldpthreads>, C<d_oldsock>,
10121 C<d_open3>, C<d_pathconf>, C<d_pause>, C<d_perl_otherlibdirs>,
10122 C<d_phostname>, C<d_pipe>, C<d_poll>, C<d_portable>, C<d_PRId64>,
10123 C<d_PRIeldbl>, C<d_PRIEUldbl>, C<d_PRIfldbl>, C<d_PRIFUldbl>,
10124 C<d_PRIgldbl>, C<d_PRIGUldbl>, C<d_PRIi64>, C<d_PRIo64>, C<d_PRIu64>,
10125 C<d_PRIx64>, C<d_PRIXU64>, C<d_procselfexe>, C<d_pthread_atfork>,
10126 C<d_pthread_yield>, C<d_pwage>, C<d_pwchange>, C<d_pwclass>,
10127 C<d_pwcomment>, C<d_pwexpire>, C<d_pwgecos>, C<d_pwpasswd>, C<d_pwquota>,
10128 C<d_qgcvt>, C<d_quad>, C<d_readdir>, C<d_readlink>, C<d_readv>,
10129 C<d_recvmsg>, C<d_rename>, C<d_rewinddir>, C<d_rmdir>, C<d_safebcpy>,
10130 C<d_safemcpy>, C<d_sanemcmp>, C<d_sbrkproto>, C<d_sched_yield>,
10131 C<d_scm_rights>, C<d_SCNfldbl>, C<d_seekdir>, C<d_select>, C<d_sem>,
10132 C<d_semctl>, C<d_semctl_semid_ds>, C<d_semctl_semun>, C<d_semget>,
10133 C<d_semop>, C<d_sendmsg>, C<d_setegid>, C<d_seteuid>, C<d_setgrent>,
10134 C<d_setgrps>, C<d_sethent>, C<d_setitimer>, C<d_setlinebuf>,
10135 C<d_setlocale>, C<d_setnent>, C<d_setpent>, C<d_setpgid>, C<d_setpgrp2>,
10136 C<d_setpgrp>, C<d_setprior>, C<d_setproctitle>, C<d_setpwent>,
10137 C<d_setregid>, C<d_setresgid>, C<d_setresuid>, C<d_setreuid>, C<d_setrgid>,
10138 C<d_setruid>, C<d_setsent>, C<d_setsid>, C<d_setvbuf>, C<d_sfio>, C<d_shm>,
10139 C<d_shmat>, C<d_shmatprototype>, C<d_shmctl>, C<d_shmdt>, C<d_shmget>,
10140 C<d_sigaction>, C<d_sigprocmask>, C<d_sigsetjmp>, C<d_sockatmark>,
10141 C<d_sockatmarkproto>, C<d_socket>, C<d_socklen_t>, C<d_sockpair>,
10142 C<d_socks5_init>, C<d_sqrtl>, C<d_sresgproto>, C<d_sresuproto>,
10143 C<d_statblks>, C<d_statfs_f_flags>, C<d_statfs_s>, C<d_statvfs>,
10144 C<d_stdio_cnt_lval>, C<d_stdio_ptr_lval>, C<d_stdio_ptr_lval_nochange_cnt>,
10145 C<d_stdio_ptr_lval_sets_cnt>, C<d_stdio_stream_array>, C<d_stdiobase>,
10146 C<d_stdstdio>, C<d_strchr>, C<d_strcoll>, C<d_strctcpy>, C<d_strerrm>,
10147 C<d_strerror>, C<d_strftime>, C<d_strtod>, C<d_strtol>, C<d_strtold>,
10148 C<d_strtoll>, C<d_strtoq>, C<d_strtoul>, C<d_strtoull>, C<d_strtouq>,
10149 C<d_strxfrm>, C<d_suidsafe>, C<d_symlink>, C<d_syscall>, C<d_syscallproto>,
10150 C<d_sysconf>, C<d_sysernlst>, C<d_syserrlst>, C<d_system>, C<d_tcgetpgrp>,
10151 C<d_tcsetpgrp>, C<d_telldir>, C<d_telldirproto>, C<d_time>, C<d_times>,
10152 C<d_truncate>, C<d_tzname>, C<d_u32align>, C<d_ualarm>, C<d_umask>,
10153 C<d_uname>, C<d_union_semun>, C<d_unordered>, C<d_usleep>,
10154 C<d_usleepproto>, C<d_ustat>, C<d_vendorarch>, C<d_vendorbin>,
10155 C<d_vendorlib>, C<d_vfork>, C<d_void_closedir>, C<d_voidsig>, C<d_voidtty>,
10156 C<d_volatile>, C<d_vprintf>, C<d_wait4>, C<d_waitpid>, C<d_wcstombs>,
10157 C<d_wctomb>, C<d_writev>, C<d_xenix>, C<date>, C<db_hashtype>,
10158 C<db_prefixtype>, C<db_version_major>, C<db_version_minor>,
10159 C<db_version_patch>, C<defvoidused>, C<direntrytype>, C<dlext>, C<dlsrc>,
10160 C<doublesize>, C<drand01>, C<dynamic_ext>
10164 C<eagain>, C<ebcdic>, C<echo>, C<egrep>, C<emacs>, C<eunicefix>,
10165 C<exe_ext>, C<expr>, C<extensions>, C<extras>
10169 C<fflushall>, C<fflushNULL>, C<find>, C<firstmakefile>, C<flex>,
10170 C<fpossize>, C<fpostype>, C<freetype>, C<from>, C<full_ar>, C<full_csh>,
10175 C<gccosandvers>, C<gccversion>, C<gidformat>, C<gidsign>, C<gidsize>,
10176 C<gidtype>, C<glibpth>, C<grep>, C<groupcat>, C<groupstype>, C<gzip>
10180 C<h_fcntl>, C<h_sysfile>, C<hint>, C<hostcat>
10184 C<i16size>, C<i16type>, C<i32size>, C<i32type>, C<i64size>, C<i64type>,
10185 C<i8size>, C<i8type>, C<i_arpainet>, C<i_bsdioctl>, C<i_db>, C<i_dbm>,
10186 C<i_dirent>, C<i_dld>, C<i_dlfcn>, C<i_fcntl>, C<i_float>, C<i_fp>,
10187 C<i_fp_class>, C<i_gdbm>, C<i_grp>, C<i_ieeefp>, C<i_inttypes>,
10188 C<i_langinfo>, C<i_libutil>, C<i_limits>, C<i_locale>, C<i_machcthr>,
10189 C<i_malloc>, C<i_math>, C<i_memory>, C<i_mntent>, C<i_ndbm>, C<i_netdb>,
10190 C<i_neterrno>, C<i_netinettcp>, C<i_niin>, C<i_poll>, C<i_prot>,
10191 C<i_pthread>, C<i_pwd>, C<i_rpcsvcdbm>, C<i_sfio>, C<i_sgtty>, C<i_shadow>,
10192 C<i_socks>, C<i_stdarg>, C<i_stddef>, C<i_stdlib>, C<i_string>,
10193 C<i_sunmath>, C<i_sysaccess>, C<i_sysdir>, C<i_sysfile>, C<i_sysfilio>,
10194 C<i_sysin>, C<i_sysioctl>, C<i_syslog>, C<i_sysmman>, C<i_sysmode>,
10195 C<i_sysmount>, C<i_sysndir>, C<i_sysparam>, C<i_sysresrc>, C<i_syssecrt>,
10196 C<i_sysselct>, C<i_syssockio>, C<i_sysstat>, C<i_sysstatfs>,
10197 C<i_sysstatvfs>, C<i_systime>, C<i_systimek>, C<i_systimes>, C<i_systypes>,
10198 C<i_sysuio>, C<i_sysun>, C<i_sysutsname>, C<i_sysvfs>, C<i_syswait>,
10199 C<i_termio>, C<i_termios>, C<i_time>, C<i_unistd>, C<i_ustat>, C<i_utime>,
10200 C<i_values>, C<i_varargs>, C<i_varhdr>, C<i_vfork>,
10201 C<ignore_versioned_solibs>, C<inc_version_list>, C<inc_version_list_init>,
10202 C<incpath>, C<inews>, C<installarchlib>, C<installbin>, C<installman1dir>,
10203 C<installman3dir>, C<installprefix>, C<installprefixexp>,
10204 C<installprivlib>, C<installscript>, C<installsitearch>, C<installsitebin>,
10205 C<installsitelib>, C<installstyle>, C<installusrbinperl>,
10206 C<installvendorarch>, C<installvendorbin>, C<installvendorlib>, C<intsize>,
10207 C<issymlink>, C<ivdformat>, C<ivsize>, C<ivtype>
10211 C<known_extensions>, C<ksh>
10215 C<ld>, C<lddlflags>, C<ldflags>, C<ldflags_uselargefiles>, C<ldlibpthname>,
10216 C<less>, C<lib_ext>, C<libc>, C<libperl>, C<libpth>, C<libs>, C<libsdirs>,
10217 C<libsfiles>, C<libsfound>, C<libspath>, C<libswanted>,
10218 C<libswanted_uselargefiles>, C<line>, C<lint>, C<lkflags>, C<ln>, C<lns>,
10219 C<locincpth>, C<loclibpth>, C<longdblsize>, C<longlongsize>, C<longsize>,
10220 C<lp>, C<lpr>, C<ls>, C<lseeksize>, C<lseektype>
10224 C<mail>, C<mailx>, C<make>, C<make_set_make>, C<mallocobj>, C<mallocsrc>,
10225 C<malloctype>, C<man1dir>, C<man1direxp>, C<man1ext>, C<man3dir>,
10226 C<man3direxp>, C<man3ext>
10230 C<Mcc>, C<mips_type>, C<mkdir>, C<mmaptype>, C<modetype>, C<more>,
10231 C<multiarch>, C<mv>, C<myarchname>, C<mydomain>, C<myhostname>, C<myuname>
10235 C<n>, C<need_va_copy>, C<netdb_hlen_type>, C<netdb_host_type>,
10236 C<netdb_name_type>, C<netdb_net_type>, C<nm>, C<nm_opt>, C<nm_so_opt>,
10237 C<nonxs_ext>, C<nroff>, C<nveformat>, C<nvEUformat>, C<nvfformat>,
10238 C<nvFUformat>, C<nvgformat>, C<nvGUformat>, C<nvsize>, C<nvtype>
10242 C<o_nonblock>, C<obj_ext>, C<old_pthread_create_joinable>, C<optimize>,
10243 C<orderlib>, C<osname>, C<osvers>, C<otherlibdirs>
10247 C<package>, C<pager>, C<passcat>, C<patchlevel>, C<path_sep>, C<perl5>,
10248 C<perl>, C<perl_patchlevel>
10252 C<PERL_REVISION>, C<PERL_SUBVERSION>, C<PERL_VERSION>, C<perladmin>,
10253 C<perllibs>, C<perlpath>, C<pg>, C<phostname>, C<pidtype>, C<plibpth>,
10254 C<pm_apiversion>, C<pmake>, C<pr>, C<prefix>, C<prefixexp>, C<privlib>,
10255 C<privlibexp>, C<procselfexe>, C<prototype>, C<ptrsize>
10259 C<quadkind>, C<quadtype>
10263 C<randbits>, C<randfunc>, C<randseedtype>, C<ranlib>, C<rd_nodata>,
10264 C<revision>, C<rm>, C<rmail>, C<run>, C<runnm>
10268 C<sched_yield>, C<scriptdir>, C<scriptdirexp>, C<sed>, C<seedfunc>,
10269 C<selectminbits>, C<selecttype>, C<sendmail>, C<sh>, C<shar>, C<sharpbang>,
10270 C<shmattype>, C<shortsize>, C<shrpenv>, C<shsharp>, C<sig_count>,
10271 C<sig_name>, C<sig_name_init>, C<sig_num>, C<sig_num_init>, C<sig_size>,
10272 C<signal_t>, C<sitearch>, C<sitearchexp>, C<sitebin>, C<sitebinexp>,
10273 C<sitelib>, C<sitelib_stem>, C<sitelibexp>, C<siteprefix>,
10274 C<siteprefixexp>, C<sizesize>, C<sizetype>, C<sleep>, C<smail>, C<so>,
10275 C<sockethdr>, C<socketlib>, C<socksizetype>, C<sort>, C<spackage>,
10276 C<spitshell>, C<sPRId64>, C<sPRIeldbl>, C<sPRIEUldbl>, C<sPRIfldbl>,
10277 C<sPRIFUldbl>, C<sPRIgldbl>, C<sPRIGUldbl>, C<sPRIi64>, C<sPRIo64>,
10278 C<sPRIu64>, C<sPRIx64>, C<sPRIXU64>, C<src>, C<sSCNfldbl>, C<ssizetype>,
10279 C<startperl>, C<startsh>, C<static_ext>, C<stdchar>, C<stdio_base>,
10280 C<stdio_bufsiz>, C<stdio_cnt>, C<stdio_filbuf>, C<stdio_ptr>,
10281 C<stdio_stream_array>, C<strings>, C<submit>, C<subversion>, C<sysman>
10285 C<tail>, C<tar>, C<targetarch>, C<tbl>, C<tee>, C<test>, C<timeincl>,
10286 C<timetype>, C<to>, C<touch>, C<tr>, C<trnl>, C<troff>
10290 C<u16size>, C<u16type>, C<u32size>, C<u32type>, C<u64size>, C<u64type>,
10291 C<u8size>, C<u8type>, C<uidformat>, C<uidsign>, C<uidsize>, C<uidtype>,
10292 C<uname>, C<uniq>, C<uquadtype>, C<use5005threads>, C<use64bitall>,
10293 C<use64bitint>, C<usecrosscompile>, C<usedl>, C<useithreads>,
10294 C<uselargefiles>, C<uselongdouble>, C<usemorebits>, C<usemultiplicity>,
10295 C<usemymalloc>, C<usenm>, C<useopcode>, C<useperlio>, C<useposix>,
10296 C<usereentrant>, C<usesfio>, C<useshrplib>, C<usesocks>, C<usethreads>,
10297 C<usevendorprefix>, C<usevfork>, C<usrinc>, C<uuname>, C<uvoformat>,
10298 C<uvsize>, C<uvtype>, C<uvuformat>, C<uvxformat>, C<uvXUformat>
10302 C<vendorarch>, C<vendorarchexp>, C<vendorbin>, C<vendorbinexp>,
10303 C<vendorlib>, C<vendorlib_stem>, C<vendorlibexp>, C<vendorprefix>,
10304 C<vendorprefixexp>, C<version>, C<version_patchlevel_string>,
10305 C<versiononly>, C<vi>, C<voidflags>
10309 C<xlibpth>, C<xs_apiversion>
10313 C<yacc>, C<yaccflags>
10325 =head2 Cwd - get pathname of current working directory
10335 =item getcwd and friends
10337 getcwd, cwd, fastcwd, fastgetcwd
10339 =item abs_path and friends
10341 abs_path, realpath, fast_abs_path
10353 =head2 DB - programmatic interface to the Perl debugging API (draft,
10365 =item Global Variables
10367 $DB::sub, %DB::sub, $DB::single, $DB::signal, $DB::trace, @DB::args,
10368 @DB::dbline, %DB::dbline, $DB::package, $DB::filename, $DB::subname,
10373 CLIENT->register(), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->skippkg('D::hide'),
10374 CLIENT->run(), CLIENT->step(), CLIENT->next(), CLIENT->done()
10376 =item Client Callback Methods
10378 CLIENT->init(), CLIENT->prestop([STRING]), CLIENT->stop(), CLIENT->idle(),
10379 CLIENT->poststop([STRING]), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->cleanup(),
10380 CLIENT->output(LIST)
10390 =head2 DB_File - Perl5 access to Berkeley DB version 1.x
10398 B<DB_HASH>, B<DB_BTREE>, B<DB_RECNO>
10402 =item Using DB_File with Berkeley DB version 2 or greater
10404 =item Interface to Berkeley DB
10406 =item Opening a Berkeley DB Database File
10408 =item Default Parameters
10410 =item In Memory Databases
10418 =item A Simple Example
10426 =item Changing the BTREE sort order
10428 =item Handling Duplicate Keys
10430 =item The get_dup() Method
10432 =item The find_dup() Method
10434 =item The del_dup() Method
10436 =item Matching Partial Keys
10444 =item The 'bval' Option
10446 =item A Simple Example
10448 =item Extra RECNO Methods
10450 B<$X-E<gt>push(list) ;>, B<$value = $X-E<gt>pop ;>, B<$X-E<gt>shift>,
10451 B<$X-E<gt>unshift(list) ;>, B<$X-E<gt>length>, B<$X-E<gt>splice(offset,
10452 length, elements);>
10454 =item Another Example
10458 =item THE API INTERFACE
10460 B<$status = $X-E<gt>get($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status =
10461 $X-E<gt>put($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>del($key [,
10462 $flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>fd ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>seq($key,
10463 $value, $flags) ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>sync([$flags]) ;>
10467 B<filter_store_key>, B<filter_store_value>, B<filter_fetch_key>,
10468 B<filter_fetch_value>
10474 =item An Example -- the NULL termination problem.
10476 =item Another Example -- Key is a C int.
10480 =item HINTS AND TIPS
10484 =item Locking: The Trouble with fd
10486 =item Safe ways to lock a database
10488 B<Tie::DB_Lock>, B<Tie::DB_LockFile>, B<DB_File::Lock>
10490 =item Sharing Databases With C Applications
10492 =item The untie() Gotcha
10496 =item COMMON QUESTIONS
10500 =item Why is there Perl source in my database?
10502 =item How do I store complex data structures with DB_File?
10504 =item What does "Invalid Argument" mean?
10506 =item What does "Bareword 'DB_File' not allowed" mean?
10526 =head2 Data::Dumper - stringified perl data structures, suitable for both
10527 printing and C<eval>
10539 I<PACKAGE>->new(I<ARRAYREF [>, I<ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Dump I<or>
10540 I<PACKAGE>->Dump(I<ARRAYREF [>, I<ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Seen(I<[HASHREF]>),
10541 I<$OBJ>->Values(I<[ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Names(I<[ARRAYREF]>),
10548 =item Configuration Variables or Methods
10550 $Data::Dumper::Indent I<or> I<$OBJ>->Indent(I<[NEWVAL]>),
10551 $Data::Dumper::Purity I<or> I<$OBJ>->Purity(I<[NEWVAL]>),
10552 $Data::Dumper::Pad I<or> I<$OBJ>->Pad(I<[NEWVAL]>),
10553 $Data::Dumper::Varname I<or> I<$OBJ>->Varname(I<[NEWVAL]>),
10554 $Data::Dumper::Useqq I<or> I<$OBJ>->Useqq(I<[NEWVAL]>),
10555 $Data::Dumper::Terse I<or> I<$OBJ>->Terse(I<[NEWVAL]>),
10556 $Data::Dumper::Freezer I<or> $I<OBJ>->Freezer(I<[NEWVAL]>),
10557 $Data::Dumper::Toaster I<or> $I<OBJ>->Toaster(I<[NEWVAL]>),
10558 $Data::Dumper::Deepcopy I<or> $I<OBJ>->Deepcopy(I<[NEWVAL]>),
10559 $Data::Dumper::Quotekeys I<or> $I<OBJ>->Quotekeys(I<[NEWVAL]>),
10560 $Data::Dumper::Bless I<or> $I<OBJ>->Bless(I<[NEWVAL]>),
10561 $Data::Dumper::Maxdepth I<or> $I<OBJ>->Maxdepth(I<[NEWVAL]>),
10562 $Data::Dumper::Useperl I<or> $I<OBJ>->Useperl(I<[NEWVAL]>),
10563 $Data::Dumper::Sortkeys I<or> $I<OBJ>->Sortkeys(I<[NEWVAL]>),
10564 $Data::Dumper::Deparse I<or> $I<OBJ>->Deparse(I<[NEWVAL]>)
10584 =head2 Devel::DProf - a Perl code profiler
10592 =item PROFILE FORMAT
10604 =head2 Devel::PPPort, Perl/Pollution/Portability
10626 =head2 Devel::Peek - A data debugging tool for the XS programmer
10636 =item Runtime debugging
10638 =item Memory footprint debugging
10646 =item A simple scalar string
10648 =item A simple scalar number
10650 =item A simple scalar with an extra reference
10652 =item A reference to a simple scalar
10654 =item A reference to an array
10656 =item A reference to a hash
10658 =item Dumping a large array or hash
10660 =item A reference to an SV which holds a C pointer
10662 =item A reference to a subroutine
10676 =head2 Devel::SelfStubber - generate stubs for a SelfLoading module
10686 =head2 Digest:: - Modules that calculate message digests
10694 I<binary>, I<hex>, I<base64>
10698 $ctx = Digest->XXX($arg,...), $ctx = Digest->new(XXX => $arg,...), $ctx =
10699 Digest::XXX->new($arg,...), $ctx->reset, $ctx->add($data,...),
10700 $ctx->addfile($io_handle), $ctx->digest, $ctx->hexdigest, $ctx->b64digest
10708 =head2 Digest::MD5 - Perl interface to the MD5 Algorithm
10718 md5($data,...), md5_hex($data,...), md5_base64($data,...)
10722 $md5 = Digest::MD5->new, $md5->reset, $md5->add($data,...),
10723 $md5->addfile($io_handle), $md5->digest, $md5->hexdigest, $md5->b64digest
10735 =head2 DirHandle - supply object methods for directory handles
10747 =head2 Dumpvalue - provides screen dump of Perl data.
10759 C<arrayDepth>, C<hashDepth>, C<compactDump>, C<veryCompact>, C<globPrint>,
10760 C<dumpDBFiles>, C<dumpPackages>, C<dumpReused>, C<tick>, C<quoteHighBit>,
10761 C<printUndef>, C<usageOnly>, unctrl, subdump, bareStringify, quoteHighBit,
10766 dumpValue, dumpValues, dumpvars, set_quote, set_unctrl, compactDump,
10767 veryCompact, set, get
10773 =head2 DynaLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code
10781 @dl_library_path, @dl_resolve_using, @dl_require_symbols, @dl_librefs,
10782 @dl_modules, dl_error(), $dl_debug, dl_findfile(), dl_expandspec(),
10783 dl_load_file(), dl_unload_file(), dl_loadflags(), dl_find_symbol(),
10784 dl_find_symbol_anywhere(), dl_undef_symbols(), dl_install_xsub(),
10791 =head2 DynaLoader::XSLoader, XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into
10804 =head2 Encode - character encodings
10822 =item Characteristics of an Encoding
10824 =item Types of Encodings
10826 Fixed length 8-bit (or less) encodings, Fixed length 16-bit encodings,
10827 Fixed length 32-bit encodings, Multi-byte encodings, "Escape" encodings
10829 =item Specifying Encodings
10831 1. By name, 2. As an object
10833 =item Encoding Names
10835 The MIME name as defined in IETF RFCs, The name in the IANA registry, The
10836 name used by the organization that defined it
10840 =item PERL ENCODING API
10844 =item Generic Encoding Interface
10846 =item Handling Malformed Data
10848 Scheme 1, Scheme 2, Other Schemes
10852 =item Other Encodings of Unicode
10854 =item Listing available encodings
10856 =item Defining Aliases
10858 As a simple string, As a qr// compiled regular expression, e.g.:, As a code
10861 =item Defining Encodings
10865 =item Encoding and IO
10867 =item Encoding How to ...
10869 IO with mixed content (faking iso-2020-*), MIME's Content-Length:, UTF-8
10870 strings in binary data, Perl/Encode wrappers on non-Unicode XS modules
10872 =item Messing with Perl's Internals
10874 is_utf8(STRING [, CHECK]), valid_utf8(STRING)
10876 =item IMPLEMENTATION CLASSES
10878 -E<gt>name, -E<gt>new_sequence, -E<gt>encode($string,$check),
10879 -E<gt>decode($octets,$check)
10883 =item Compiled Encodings
10885 .enc, .ucm, .ucm, .c, .xs, ascii and iso-8859-*, IBM-1047 and two other
10886 variants of EBCDIC, symbol and dingbats as used by Tk on X11
10894 =head2 Encode::EncodeFormat, EncodeFormat - the format of encoding tables
10895 of the Encode extension
10901 [1] B<S>, [2] B<D>, [3] B<M>, [4] B<E>
10909 =head2 Encode::Tcl - Tcl encodings
10911 =head2 EncodeFormat - the format of encoding tables of the Encode extension
10917 [1] B<S>, [2] B<D>, [3] B<M>, [4] B<E>
10925 =head2 English - use nice English (or awk) names for ugly punctuation
10938 =head2 Env - perl module that imports environment variables as scalars or
10953 =head2 Errno - System errno constants
10969 =head2 Exporter - Implements default import method for modules
10979 =item How to Export
10981 =item Selecting What To Export
10983 =item Specialised Import Lists
10985 =item Exporting without using Export's import method
10987 =item Module Version Checking
10989 =item Managing Unknown Symbols
10991 =item Tag Handling Utility Functions
10993 =item Generating combined tags
10995 =item C<AUTOLOAD>ed Constants
11001 =head2 Exporter::Heavy - Exporter guts
11011 =head2 ExtUtils::Command - utilities to replace common UNIX commands in
11032 mv source... destination
11034 cp source... destination
11052 =head2 ExtUtils::Constant - generate XS code to import C header constants
11062 IV, UV, NV, PV, PVN, SV, YES, NO, UNDEF
11072 memEQ_clause NAME, CHECKED_AT, INDENT
11074 assign INDENT, TYPE, PRE, POST, VALUE..
11078 switch_clause INDENT, NAMELEN, ITEMHASH, ITEM..
11086 C_constant, name, type, value, macro, default, pre, post, def_pre =item
11089 XS_constant PACKAGE, TYPES, SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME
11091 autoload PACKAGE, VERSION, AUTOLOADER
11093 WriteMakefileSnippet
11095 WriteConstants ATTRIBUTE =E<gt> VALUE [, ...], NAME, DEFAULT_TYPE,
11096 BREAKOUT_AT, NAMES, C_FILE, XS_FILE, SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME
11104 =head2 ExtUtils::Embed - Utilities for embedding Perl in C/C++ applications
11116 xsinit(), Examples, ldopts(), Examples, perl_inc(), ccflags(), ccdlflags(),
11117 ccopts(), xsi_header(), xsi_protos(@modules), xsi_body(@modules)
11127 =head2 ExtUtils::Install - install files from here to there
11137 =head2 ExtUtils::Installed - Inventory management of installed modules
11149 new(), modules(), files(), directories(), directory_tree(), validate(),
11150 packlist(), version()
11158 =head2 ExtUtils::Liblist - determine libraries to use and how to use them
11166 For static extensions, For dynamic extensions, For dynamic extensions
11172 =item LDLOADLIBS and LD_RUN_PATH
11182 =item VMS implementation
11184 =item Win32 implementation
11192 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
11193 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
11201 canonpath, cflags, manifypods, perl_archive
11205 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_NW5 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
11206 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
11232 test_via_harness (o)
11234 tool_autosplit (override)
11252 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_OS2 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
11253 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
11267 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Unix - methods used by ExtUtils::MakeMaker
11279 =item Preloaded methods
11299 =item SelfLoaded methods
11345 file_name_is_absolute
11351 =item Methods to actually produce chunks of text for the Makefile
11391 maybe_command_in_dirs
11419 post_initialize (o)
11431 replace_manpage_separator
11445 test_via_harness (o)
11447 test_via_script (o)
11477 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_VMS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
11478 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
11488 =item Methods always loaded
11500 =item SelfLoaded methods
11502 guess_name (override)
11506 find_perl (override)
11510 maybe_command (override)
11512 maybe_command_in_dirs (override)
11514 perl_script (override)
11516 file_name_is_absolute (override)
11518 replace_manpage_separator
11520 init_others (override)
11522 constants (override)
11526 const_cccmd (override)
11528 pm_to_blib (override)
11530 tool_autosplit (override)
11532 tool_sxubpp (override)
11534 xsubpp_version (override)
11536 tools_other (override)
11546 top_targets (override)
11550 dynamic_lib (override)
11552 dynamic_bs (override)
11554 static_lib (override)
11556 manifypods (override)
11558 processPL (override)
11560 installbin (override)
11562 subdir_x (override)
11566 realclean (override)
11568 dist_basics (override)
11570 dist_core (override)
11572 dist_dir (override)
11574 dist_test (override)
11578 perldepend (override)
11580 makefile (override)
11584 test_via_harness (override)
11586 test_via_script (override)
11588 makeaperl (override)
11590 nicetext (override)
11592 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Win32 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
11593 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
11619 test_via_harness (o)
11621 tool_autosplit (override)
11639 =head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker - create an extension Makefile
11649 =item How To Write A Makefile.PL
11651 =item Default Makefile Behaviour
11659 =item PREFIX and LIB attribute
11663 =item Static Linking of a new Perl Binary
11665 =item Determination of Perl Library and Installation Locations
11667 =item Which architecture dependent directory?
11669 =item Using Attributes and Parameters
11671 ABSTRACT, ABSTRACT_FROM, AUTHOR, BINARY_LOCATION, C, CCFLAGS, CONFIG,
11672 CONFIGURE, DEFINE, DIR, DISTNAME, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, EXCLUDE_EXT,
11673 EXE_FILES, FIRST_MAKEFILE, FULLPERL, FUNCLIST, H, HTMLLIBPODS,
11674 HTMLSCRIPTPODS, IMPORTS, INC, INCLUDE_EXT, INSTALLARCHLIB, INSTALLBIN,
11675 INSTALLDIRS, INSTALLHTMLPRIVLIBDIR, INSTALLHTMLSCRIPTDIR,
11676 INSTALLHTMLSITELIBDIR, INSTALLMAN1DIR, INSTALLMAN3DIR, INSTALLPRIVLIB,
11677 INSTALLSCRIPT, INSTALLSITEARCH, INSTALLSITELIB, INST_ARCHLIB, INST_BIN,
11678 INST_EXE, INST_HTMLLIBDIR, INST_HTMLSCRIPTDIR, INST_LIB, INST_MAN1DIR,
11679 INST_MAN3DIR, INST_SCRIPT, LDFROM, LIB, LIBPERL_A, LIBS, LINKTYPE,
11680 MAKEAPERL, MAKEFILE, MAN1PODS, MAN3PODS, MAP_TARGET, MYEXTLIB, NAME,
11681 NEEDS_LINKING, NOECHO, NORECURS, NO_VC, OBJECT, OPTIMIZE, PERL, PERL_CORE,
11682 PERLMAINCC, PERL_ARCHLIB, PERL_LIB, PERL_MALLOC_OK, PERLRUN, PERM_RW,
11683 PERM_RWX, PL_FILES, PM, PMLIBDIRS, PM_FILTER, POLLUTE, PPM_INSTALL_EXEC,
11684 PPM_INSTALL_SCRIPT, PREFIX, PREREQ_PM, PREREQ_FATAL, PREREQ_PRINT,
11685 PRINT_PREREQ, SKIP, TEST_LIBS, VERSION, VERSION_FROM, XS, XSOPT,
11686 XSPROTOARG, XS_VERSION
11688 =item Additional lowercase attributes
11690 clean, depend, dist, dynamic_lib, linkext, macro, realclean, test,
11693 =item Overriding MakeMaker Methods
11695 =item Hintsfile support
11697 =item Distribution Support
11699 make distcheck, make skipcheck, make distclean, make manifest,
11700 make distdir, make tardist, make dist, make uutardist, make
11701 shdist, make zipdist, make ci
11703 =item Disabling an extension
11709 PERL_MM_OPT, PERL_MM_USE_DEFAULT
11717 =head2 ExtUtils::Manifest - utilities to write and check a MANIFEST file
11725 =item MANIFEST.SKIP
11729 =item GLOBAL VARIABLES
11733 C<Not in MANIFEST:> I<file>, C<No such file:> I<file>, C<MANIFEST:> I<$!>,
11734 C<Added to MANIFEST:> I<file>
11738 B<PERL_MM_MANIFEST_DEBUG>
11746 =head2 ExtUtils::Miniperl, writemain - write the C code for perlmain.c
11758 =head2 ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap - make a bootstrap file for use by DynaLoader
11768 =head2 ExtUtils::Mksymlists - write linker options files for dynamic
11777 DLBASE, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, FILE, FUNCLIST, IMPORTS, NAME
11785 =head2 ExtUtils::Packlist - manage .packlist files
11797 new(), read(), write(), validate(), packlist_file()
11805 =head2 ExtUtils::testlib - add blib/* directories to @INC
11815 =head2 Fatal - replace functions with equivalents which succeed or die
11827 =head2 Fcntl - load the C Fcntl.h defines
11837 =item EXPORTED SYMBOLS
11841 =head2 File::Basename, fileparse - split a pathname into pieces
11849 fileparse_set_fstype, fileparse
11853 C<basename>, C<dirname>
11857 =head2 File::CheckTree, validate - run many filetest checks on a tree
11867 =head2 File::Compare - Compare files or filehandles
11881 =head2 File::Copy - Copy files or filehandles
11891 =item Special behaviour if C<syscopy> is defined (OS/2, VMS and Win32)
11893 rmscopy($from,$to[,$date_flag])
11905 =head2 File::DosGlob - DOS like globbing and then some
11915 =item EXPORTS (by request only)
11927 =head2 File::Find, find - traverse a file tree
11935 C<wanted>, C<bydepth>, C<preprocess>, C<postprocess>, C<follow>,
11936 C<follow_fast>, C<follow_skip>, C<dangling_symlinks>, C<no_chdir>,
11937 C<untaint>, C<untaint_pattern>, C<untaint_skip>
11943 $dont_use_nlink, symlinks
11951 =head2 File::Glob - Perl extension for BSD glob routine
11959 C<GLOB_ERR>, C<GLOB_LIMIT>, C<GLOB_MARK>, C<GLOB_NOCASE>, C<GLOB_NOCHECK>,
11960 C<GLOB_NOSORT>, C<GLOB_BRACE>, C<GLOB_NOMAGIC>, C<GLOB_QUOTE>,
11961 C<GLOB_TILDE>, C<GLOB_CSH>, C<GLOB_ALPHASORT>
11965 C<GLOB_NOSPACE>, C<GLOB_ABEND>
11973 =head2 File::Path - create or remove directory trees
11985 =head2 File::Spec - portably perform operations on file names
11995 canonpath, catdir, catfile, curdir, devnull, rootdir, tmpdir, updir,
11996 no_upwards, case_tolerant, file_name_is_absolute, path, join, splitpath,
11997 splitdir, catpath(), abs2rel, rel2abs()
12005 =head2 File::Spec::Cygwin - methods for Cygwin file specs
12015 =head2 File::Spec::Epoc - methods for Epoc file specs
12049 =head2 File::Spec::Functions - portably perform operations on file names
12067 =head2 File::Spec::Mac - File::Spec for Mac OS (Classic)
12095 file_name_is_absolute
12125 =head2 File::Spec::OS2 - methods for OS/2 file specs
12135 =head2 File::Spec::Unix - File::Spec for Unix, base for other File::Spec
12168 file_name_is_absolute
12190 =head2 File::Spec::VMS - methods for VMS file specs
12206 =item Methods always loaded
12208 canonpath (override)
12226 case_tolerant (override)
12230 file_name_is_absolute (override)
12232 splitpath (override)
12234 splitdir (override)
12248 =head2 File::Spec::Win32 - methods for Win32 file specs
12278 =head2 File::Temp - return name and handle of a temporary file safely
12302 =item MKTEMP FUNCTIONS
12316 =item POSIX FUNCTIONS
12326 =item ADDITIONAL FUNCTIONS
12334 =item UTILITY FUNCTIONS
12342 =item PACKAGE VARIABLES
12344 B<safe_level>, STANDARD, MEDIUM, HIGH
12356 =item Temporary files and NFS
12368 =head2 File::stat - by-name interface to Perl's built-in stat() functions
12382 =head2 FileCache - keep more files open than the system permits
12394 =head2 FileHandle - supply object methods for filehandles
12402 $fh->print, $fh->printf, $fh->getline, $fh->getlines
12408 =head2 Filter::Simple - Simplified source filtering
12422 =item Disabling or changing <no> behaviour
12424 =item All-in-one interface
12426 =item Filtering only specific components of source code
12428 C<"code">, C<"executable">, C<"quotelike">, C<"string">, C<"regex">,
12431 =item Filtering only the code parts of source code
12433 Most source code ceases to be grammatically correct when it is broken up
12434 into the pieces between string literals and regexes. So the C<'code'>
12435 component filter behaves slightly differently from the other partial
12437 described in the previous section.
12439 =item Using Filter::Simple with an explicit C<import> subroutine
12441 =item Using Filter::Simple and Exporter together
12453 =head2 Filter::Util::Call - Perl Source Filter Utility Module
12463 =item B<use Filter::Util::Call>
12467 =item B<filter() and anonymous sub>
12469 B<$_>, B<$status>, B<filter_read> and B<filter_read_exact>, B<filter_del>
12477 =item Example 1: A simple filter.
12479 =item Example 2: Using the context
12481 =item Example 3: Using the context within the filter
12483 =item Example 4: Using filter_del
12487 =item Filter::Simple
12495 =head2 FindBin - Locate directory of original perl script
12503 =item EXPORTABLE VARIABLES
12515 =head2 GDBM_File - Perl5 access to the gdbm library.
12531 =head2 Getopt::Long - Extended processing of command line options
12539 =item Command Line Options, an Introduction
12541 =item Getting Started with Getopt::Long
12545 =item Simple options
12547 =item A little bit less simple options
12549 =item Mixing command line option with other arguments
12551 =item Options with values
12553 =item Options with multiple values
12555 =item Options with hash values
12557 =item User-defined subroutines to handle options
12559 =item Options with multiple names
12561 =item Case and abbreviations
12563 =item Summary of Option Specifications
12565 !, +, s, i, o, f, : I<type> [ I<desttype> ]
12569 =item Advanced Possibilities
12573 =item Object oriented interface
12575 =item Documentation and help texts
12577 =item Storing options in a hash
12581 =item The lonesome dash
12583 =item Argument callback
12587 =item Configuring Getopt::Long
12589 default, posix_default, auto_abbrev, getopt_compat, gnu_compat, gnu_getopt,
12590 require_order, permute, bundling (default: disabled), bundling_override
12591 (default: disabled), ignore_case (default: enabled), ignore_case_always
12592 (default: disabled), pass_through (default: disabled), prefix,
12593 prefix_pattern, debug (default: disabled)
12595 =item Return values and Errors
12601 =item Default destinations
12603 =item Alternative option starters
12605 =item Configuration variables
12609 =item Trouble Shooting
12613 =item Warning: Ignoring '!' modifier for short option
12615 =item GetOptions does not return a false result when an option is not
12618 =item GetOptions does not split the command line correctly
12620 =item How do I put a "-?" option into a Getopt::Long?
12626 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER
12630 =head2 Getopt::Std, getopt - Process single-character switches with switch
12641 =head2 I18N::Collate - compare 8-bit scalar data according to the current
12652 =head2 I18N::LangTags - functions for dealing with RFC3066-style language
12663 the function is_language_tag($lang1)
12665 the function extract_language_tags($whatever)
12667 the function same_language_tag($lang1, $lang2)
12669 the function similarity_language_tag($lang1, $lang2)
12671 the function is_dialect_of($lang1, $lang2)
12673 the function super_languages($lang1)
12675 the function locale2language_tag($locale_identifier)
12677 the function encode_language_tag($lang1)
12679 the function alternate_language_tags($lang1)
12681 the function @langs = panic_languages(@accept_languages)
12685 =item ABOUT LOWERCASING
12687 =item ABOUT UNICODE PLAINTEXT LANGUAGE TAGS
12697 =head2 I18N::LangTags::List -- tags and names for human languages
12705 =item ABOUT LANGUAGE TAGS
12707 =item LIST OF LANGUAGES
12709 {ab} : Abkhazian, {ace} : Achinese, {ach} : Acoli, {ada} : Adangme, {aa} :
12710 Afar, {afh} : Afrihili, {af} : Afrikaans, [{afa} : Afro-Asiatic (Other)],
12711 {aka} : Akan, {akk} : Akkadian, {sq} : Albanian, {ale} : Aleut, [{alg} :
12712 Algonquian languages], [{tut} : Altaic (Other)], {am} : Amharic, {i-ami} :
12713 Ami, [{apa} : Apache languages], {ar} : Arabic, {arc} : Aramaic, {arp} :
12714 Arapaho, {arn} : Araucanian, {arw} : Arawak, {hy} : Armenian, [{art} :
12715 Artificial (Other)], {as} : Assamese, [{ath} : Athapascan languages],
12716 [{aus} : Australian languages], [{map} : Austronesian (Other)], {ava} :
12717 Avaric, {ae} : Avestan, {awa} : Awadhi, {ay} : Aymara, {az} : Azerbaijani,
12718 {ban} : Balinese, [{bat} : Baltic (Other)], {bal} : Baluchi, {bam} :
12719 Bambara, [{bai} : Bamileke languages], {bad} : Banda, [{bnt} : Bantu
12720 (Other)], {bas} : Basa, {ba} : Bashkir, {eu} : Basque, {btk} : Batak
12721 (Indonesia), {bej} : Beja, {be} : Belarusian, {bem} : Bemba, {bn} :
12722 Bengali, [{ber} : Berber (Other)], {bho} : Bhojpuri, {bh} : Bihari, {bik} :
12723 Bikol, {bin} : Bini, {bi} : Bislama, {bs} : Bosnian, {bra} : Braj, {br} :
12724 Breton, {bug} : Buginese, {bg} : Bulgarian, {i-bnn} : Bunun, {bua} :
12725 Buriat, {my} : Burmese, {cad} : Caddo, {car} : Carib, {ca} : Catalan,
12726 [{cau} : Caucasian (Other)], {ceb} : Cebuano, [{cel} : Celtic (Other)],
12727 [{cai} : Central American Indian (Other)], {chg} : Chagatai, [{cmc} :
12728 Chamic languages], {ch} : Chamorro, {ce} : Chechen, {chr} : Cherokee, {chy}
12729 : Cheyenne, {chb} : Chibcha, {ny} : Chichewa, {zh} : Chinese, {chn} :
12730 Chinook Jargon, {chp} : Chipewyan, {cho} : Choctaw, {cu} : Church Slavic,
12731 {chk} : Chuukese, {cv} : Chuvash, {cop} : Coptic, {kw} : Cornish, {co} :
12732 Corsican, {cre} : Cree, {mus} : Creek, [{cpe} : English-based Creoles and
12733 pidgins (Other)], [{cpf} : French-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)],
12734 [{cpp} : Portuguese-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{crp} : Creoles
12735 and pidgins (Other)], {hr} : Croatian, [{cus} : Cushitic (Other)], {cs} :
12736 Czech, {dak} : Dakota, {da} : Danish, {day} : Dayak, {i-default} : Default
12737 (Fallthru) Language, {del} : Delaware, {din} : Dinka, {div} : Divehi, {doi}
12738 : Dogri, {dgr} : Dogrib, [{dra} : Dravidian (Other)], {dua} : Duala, {nl} :
12739 Dutch, {dum} : Middle Dutch (ca.1050-1350), {dyu} : Dyula, {dz} : Dzongkha,
12740 {efi} : Efik, {egy} : Ancient Egyptian, {eka} : Ekajuk, {elx} : Elamite,
12741 {en} : English, {enm} : Old English (1100-1500), {ang} : Old English
12742 (ca.450-1100), {eo} : Esperanto, {et} : Estonian, {ewe} : Ewe, {ewo} :
12743 Ewondo, {fan} : Fang, {fat} : Fanti, {fo} : Faroese, {fj} : Fijian, {fi} :
12744 Finnish, [{fiu} : Finno-Ugrian (Other)], {fon} : Fon, {fr} : French, {frm}
12745 : Middle French (ca.1400-1600), {fro} : Old French (842-ca.1400), {fy} :
12746 Frisian, {fur} : Friulian, {ful} : Fulah, {gaa} : Ga, {gd} : Scots Gaelic,
12747 {gl} : Gallegan, {lug} : Ganda, {gay} : Gayo, {gba} : Gbaya, {gez} : Geez,
12748 {ka} : Georgian, {de} : German, {gmh} : Middle High German (ca.1050-1500),
12749 {goh} : Old High German (ca.750-1050), [{gem} : Germanic (Other)], {gil} :
12750 Gilbertese, {gon} : Gondi, {gor} : Gorontalo, {got} : Gothic, {grb} :
12751 Grebo, {grc} : Ancient Greek, {el} : Modern Greek, {gn} : Guarani, {gu} :
12752 Gujarati, {gwi} : Gwich'in, {hai} : Haida, {ha} : Hausa, {haw} : Hawaiian,
12753 {he} : Hebrew, {hz} : Herero, {hil} : Hiligaynon, {him} : Himachali, {hi} :
12754 Hindi, {ho} : Hiri Motu, {hit} : Hittite, {hmn} : Hmong, {hu} : Hungarian,
12755 {hup} : Hupa, {iba} : Iban, {is} : Icelandic, {ibo} : Igbo, {ijo} : Ijo,
12756 {ilo} : Iloko, [{inc} : Indic (Other)], [{ine} : Indo-European (Other)],
12757 {id} : Indonesian, {ia} : Interlingua (International Auxiliary Language
12758 Association), {ie} : Interlingue, {iu} : Inuktitut, {ik} : Inupiaq, [{ira}
12759 : Iranian (Other)], {ga} : Irish, {mga} : Middle Irish (900-1200), {sga} :
12760 Old Irish (to 900), [{iro} : Iroquoian languages], {it} : Italian, {ja} :
12761 Japanese, {jw} : Javanese, {jrb} : Judeo-Arabic, {jpr} : Judeo-Persian,
12762 {kab} : Kabyle, {kac} : Kachin, {kl} : Kalaallisut, {kam} : Kamba, {kn} :
12763 Kannada, {kau} : Kanuri, {kaa} : Kara-Kalpak, {kar} : Karen, {ks} :
12764 Kashmiri, {kaw} : Kawi, {kk} : Kazakh, {kha} : Khasi, {km} : Khmer, [{khi}
12765 : Khoisan (Other)], {kho} : Khotanese, {ki} : Kikuyu, {kmb} : Kimbundu,
12766 {rw} : Kinyarwanda, {ky} : Kirghiz, {i-klingon} : Klingon, {kv} : Komi,
12767 {kon} : Kongo, {kok} : Konkani, {ko} : Korean, {kos} : Kosraean, {kpe} :
12768 Kpelle, {kro} : Kru, {kj} : Kuanyama, {kum} : Kumyk, {ku} : Kurdish, {kru}
12769 : Kurukh, {kut} : Kutenai, {lad} : Ladino, {lah} : Lahnda, {lam} : Lamba,
12770 {lo} : Lao, {la} : Latin, {lv} : Latvian, {lb} : Letzeburgesch, {lez} :
12771 Lezghian, {ln} : Lingala, {lt} : Lithuanian, {nds} : Low German, {loz} :
12772 Lozi, {lub} : Luba-Katanga, {lua} : Luba-Lulua, {lui} : Luiseno, {lun} :
12773 Lunda, {luo} : Luo (Kenya and Tanzania), {lus} : Lushai, {mk} : Macedonian,
12774 {mad} : Madurese, {mag} : Magahi, {mai} : Maithili, {mak} : Makasar, {mg} :
12775 Malagasy, {ms} : Malay, {ml} : Malayalam, {mt} : Maltese, {mnc} : Manchu,
12776 {mdr} : Mandar, {man} : Mandingo, {mni} : Manipuri, [{mno} : Manobo
12777 languages], {gv} : Manx, {mi} : Maori, {mr} : Marathi, {chm} : Mari, {mh} :
12778 Marshall, {mwr} : Marwari, {mas} : Masai, [{myn} : Mayan languages], {men}
12779 : Mende, {mic} : Micmac, {min} : Minangkabau, {i-mingo} : Mingo, [{mis} :
12780 Miscellaneous languages], {moh} : Mohawk, {mo} : Moldavian, [{mkh} :
12781 Mon-Khmer (Other)], {lol} : Mongo, {mn} : Mongolian, {mos} : Mossi, [{mul}
12782 : Multiple languages], [{mun} : Munda languages], {nah} : Nahuatl, {na} :
12783 Nauru, {nv} : Navajo, {nd} : North Ndebele, {nr} : South Ndebele, {ng} :
12784 Ndonga, {ne} : Nepali, {new} : Newari, {nia} : Nias, [{nic} :
12785 Niger-Kordofanian (Other)], [{ssa} : Nilo-Saharan (Other)], {niu} : Niuean,
12786 {non} : Old Norse, [{nai} : North American Indian], {se} : Northern Sami,
12787 {no} : Norwegian, {nb} : Norwegian Bokmal, {nn} : Norwegian Nynorsk, [{nub}
12788 : Nubian languages], {nym} : Nyamwezi, {nyn} : Nyankole, {nyo} : Nyoro,
12789 {nzi} : Nzima, {oc} : Occitan (post 1500), {oji} : Ojibwa, {or} : Oriya,
12790 {om} : Oromo, {osa} : Osage, {os} : Ossetian; Ossetic, [{oto} : Otomian
12791 languages], {pal} : Pahlavi, {i-pwn} : Paiwan, {pau} : Palauan, {pi} :
12792 Pali, {pam} : Pampanga, {pag} : Pangasinan, {pa} : Panjabi, {pap} :
12793 Papiamento, [{paa} : Papuan (Other)], {fa} : Persian, {peo} : Old Persian
12794 (ca.600-400 B.C.), [{phi} : Philippine (Other)], {phn} : Phoenician, {pon}
12795 : Pohnpeian, {pl} : Polish, {pt} : Portuguese, [{pra} : Prakrit languages],
12796 {pro} : Old Provencal (to 1500), {ps} : Pushto, {qu} : Quechua, {rm} :
12797 Raeto-Romance, {raj} : Rajasthani, {rap} : Rapanui, {rar} : Rarotongan,
12798 [{qaa - qtz} : Reserved for local use.], [{roa} : Romance (Other)], {ro} :
12799 Romanian, {rom} : Romany, {rn} : Rundi, {ru} : Russian, [{sal} : Salishan
12800 languages], {sam} : Samaritan Aramaic, [{smi} : Sami languages (Other)],
12801 {sm} : Samoan, {sad} : Sandawe, {sg} : Sango, {sa} : Sanskrit, {sat} :
12802 Santali, {sc} : Sardinian, {sas} : Sasak, {sco} : Scots, {sel} : Selkup,
12803 [{sem} : Semitic (Other)], {sr} : Serbian, {srr} : Serer, {shn} : Shan,
12804 {sn} : Shona, {sid} : Sidamo, {sgn-...} : Sign Languages, {bla} : Siksika,
12805 {sd} : Sindhi, {si} : Sinhalese, [{sit} : Sino-Tibetan (Other)], [{sio} :
12806 Siouan languages], {den} : Slave (Athapascan), [{sla} : Slavic (Other)],
12807 {sk} : Slovak, {sl} : Slovenian, {sog} : Sogdian, {so} : Somali, {son} :
12808 Songhai, {snk} : Soninke, {wen} : Sorbian languages, {nso} : Northern
12809 Sotho, {st} : Southern Sotho, [{sai} : South American Indian (Other)], {es}
12810 : Spanish, {suk} : Sukuma, {sux} : Sumerian, {su} : Sundanese, {sus} :
12811 Susu, {sw} : Swahili, {ss} : Swati, {sv} : Swedish, {syr} : Syriac, {tl} :
12812 Tagalog, {ty} : Tahitian, [{tai} : Tai (Other)], {tg} : Tajik, {tmh} :
12813 Tamashek, {ta} : Tamil, {i-tao} : Tao, {tt} : Tatar, {i-tay} : Tayal, {te}
12814 : Telugu, {ter} : Tereno, {tet} : Tetum, {th} : Thai, {bo} : Tibetan, {tig}
12815 : Tigre, {ti} : Tigrinya, {tem} : Timne, {tiv} : Tiv, {tli} : Tlingit,
12816 {tpi} : Tok Pisin, {tkl} : Tokelau, {tog} : Tonga (Nyasa), {to} : Tonga
12817 (Tonga Islands), {tsi} : Tsimshian, {ts} : Tsonga, {i-tsu} : Tsou, {tn} :
12818 Tswana, {tum} : Tumbuka, {tr} : Turkish, {ota} : Ottoman Turkish
12819 (1500-1928), {tk} : Turkmen, {tvl} : Tuvalu, {tyv} : Tuvinian, {tw} : Twi,
12820 {uga} : Ugaritic, {ug} : Uighur, {uk} : Ukrainian, {umb} : Umbundu, {und} :
12821 Undetermined, {ur} : Urdu, {uz} : Uzbek, {vai} : Vai, {ven} : Venda, {vi} :
12822 Vietnamese, {vo} : Volapuk, {vot} : Votic, [{wak} : Wakashan languages],
12823 {wal} : Walamo, {war} : Waray, {was} : Washo, {cy} : Welsh, {wo} : Wolof,
12824 {x-...} : Unregistered (Semi-Private Use), {xh} : Xhosa, {sah} : Yakut,
12825 {yao} : Yao, {yap} : Yapese, {yi} : Yiddish, {yo} : Yoruba, [{ypk} : Yupik
12826 languages], {znd} : Zande, [{zap} : Zapotec], {zen} : Zenaga, {za} :
12827 Zhuang, {zu} : Zulu, {zun} : Zuni
12831 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER
12837 =head2 I18N::Langinfo - query locale information
12855 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
12859 =head2 IO - load various IO modules
12869 =head2 IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory handles
12877 new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (),
12878 rewind (), close (), tie %hash, IO::Dir, DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ]
12888 =head2 IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles
12898 new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile
12902 open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] )
12910 =head2 IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O handles
12920 new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE )
12924 $io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines,
12925 $io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ), $io->error,
12926 $io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush ( ARGS ),
12927 $io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint
12939 =head2 IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes
12949 new ( [READER, WRITER] )
12953 reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles ()
12963 =head2 IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call
12973 mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ), remove (
12974 IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] )
12984 =head2 IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for I/O objects
12992 $io->getpos, $io->setpos, $io->seek ( POS, WHENCE ), WHENCE=0 (SEEK_SET),
12993 WHENCE=1 (SEEK_CUR), WHENCE=2 (SEEK_END), $io->sysseek( POS, WHENCE ),
13002 =head2 IO::Select - OO interface to the select system call
13012 new ( [ HANDLES ] )
13016 add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read (
13017 [ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ),
13018 count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, ERROR [, TIMEOUT ] )
13028 =head2 IO::Socket - Object interface to socket communications
13042 accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), atmark, connected,
13043 protocol, sockdomain, sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), socktype, timeout([VAL])
13053 =head2 IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for AF_INET domain sockets
13069 sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost
13082 =head2 IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for AF_UNIX domain sockets
13096 hostpath(), peerpath()
13106 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Dir, IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory
13115 new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (),
13116 rewind (), close (), tie %hash, IO::Dir, DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ]
13126 =head2 IO::lib::IO::File, IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles
13136 new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile
13140 open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] )
13148 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Handle, IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O
13159 new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE )
13163 $io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines,
13164 $io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ), $io->error,
13165 $io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush ( ARGS ),
13166 $io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint
13178 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Pipe, IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes
13188 new ( [READER, WRITER] )
13192 reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles ()
13202 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Poll, IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call
13212 mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ), remove (
13213 IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] )
13223 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Seekable, IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for
13232 $io->getpos, $io->setpos, $io->seek ( POS, WHENCE ), WHENCE=0 (SEEK_SET),
13233 WHENCE=1 (SEEK_CUR), WHENCE=2 (SEEK_END), $io->sysseek( POS, WHENCE ),
13242 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Select, IO::Select - OO interface to the select system
13253 new ( [ HANDLES ] )
13257 add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read (
13258 [ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ),
13259 count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, ERROR [, TIMEOUT ] )
13269 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket, IO::Socket - Object interface to socket
13284 accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), atmark, connected,
13285 protocol, sockdomain, sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), socktype, timeout([VAL])
13295 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket::INET, IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for
13296 AF_INET domain sockets
13312 sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost
13325 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket::UNIX, IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for
13326 AF_UNIX domain sockets
13340 hostpath(), peerpath()
13350 =head2 IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class
13360 new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set
13361 ( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [,
13372 =head2 IPC::Open2, open2 - open a process for both reading and writing
13386 =head2 IPC::Open3, open3 - open a process for reading, writing, and error
13399 =head2 IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object class
13409 new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ),
13410 getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ),
13411 set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N
13422 =head2 IPC::SysV - SysV IPC constants
13440 =head2 IPC::SysV::Msg, IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class
13450 new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set
13451 ( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [,
13462 =head2 IPC::SysV::Semaphore, IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object
13473 new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ),
13474 getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ),
13475 set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N
13486 =head2 List::Util - A selection of general-utility list subroutines
13494 first BLOCK LIST, max LIST, maxstr LIST, min LIST, minstr LIST, reduce
13495 BLOCK LIST, shuffle LIST, sum LIST
13497 =item SUGGESTED ADDITIONS
13503 =head2 List::Utilib::List::Util, List::Util - A selection of
13504 general-utility list subroutines
13512 first BLOCK LIST, max LIST, maxstr LIST, min LIST, minstr LIST, reduce
13513 BLOCK LIST, shuffle LIST, sum LIST
13515 =item SUGGESTED ADDITIONS
13521 =head2 List::Utilib::Scalar::Util, Scalar::Util - A selection of
13522 general-utility scalar subroutines
13530 blessed EXPR, dualvar NUM, STRING, isweak EXPR, readonly SCALAR, reftype
13531 EXPR, tainted EXPR, weaken REF
13539 =head2 Locale::Constants - constants for Locale codes
13547 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
13551 Locale::Language, Locale::Country, Locale::Currency
13559 =head2 Locale::Country - ISO codes for country identification (ISO 3166)
13571 B<alpha-2>, B<alpha-3>, B<numeric>
13577 =item CONVERSION ROUTINES
13579 code2country( CODE, [ CODESET ] ), country2code( STRING, [ CODESET ] ),
13580 country_code2code( CODE, CODESET, CODESET )
13586 =item QUERY ROUTINES
13588 C<all_country_codes( [ CODESET ] )>, C<all_country_names( [ CODESET ] )>
13594 =item CODE ALIASING
13604 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
13608 Locale::Language, Locale::Currency, ISO 3166,
13609 http://www.din.de/gremien/nas/nabd/iso3166ma/,
13610 http://www.egt.ie/standards/iso3166/iso3166-1-en.html,
13611 http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/docs/app-f.html
13619 =head2 Locale::Currency - ISO three letter codes for currency
13620 identification (ISO 4217)
13638 =item CONVERSION ROUTINES
13640 code2currency(), currency2code()
13646 =item QUERY ROUTINES
13648 C<all_currency_codes()>, C<all_currency_names()>
13656 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
13660 Locale::Country, ISO 4217:1995, http://www.bsi-global.com/iso4217currency
13668 =head2 Locale::Language - ISO two letter codes for language identification
13685 =item CONVERSION ROUTINES
13687 code2language(), language2code()
13693 =item QUERY ROUTINES
13695 C<all_language_codes()>, C<all_language_names()>
13703 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
13707 Locale::Country, Locale::Currency, ISO 639:1988 (E/F),
13708 http://lcweb.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/langhome.html
13716 =head2 Locale::Maketext -- framework for localization
13724 =item QUICK OVERVIEW
13730 =item Construction Methods
13732 =item The "maketext" Method
13734 $lh->fail_with I<or> $lh->fail_with(I<PARAM>), $lh->failure_handler_auto
13736 =item Utility Methods
13738 $language->quant($number, $singular), $language->quant($number, $singular,
13739 $plural), $language->quant($number, $singular, $plural, $negative),
13740 $language->numf($number), $language->sprintf($format, @items),
13741 $language->language_tag(), $language->encoding()
13743 =item Language Handle Attributes and Internals
13747 =item LANGUAGE CLASS HIERARCHIES
13749 =item ENTRIES IN EACH LEXICON
13751 =item BRACKET NOTATION
13753 =item AUTO LEXICONS
13755 =item CONTROLLING LOOKUP FAILURE
13757 =item HOW TO USE MAKETEXT
13761 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER
13767 =head2 Locale::Maketext::TPJ13 -- article about software localization
13775 =item Localization and Perl: gettext breaks, Maketext fixes
13779 =item A Localization Horror Story: It Could Happen To You
13781 =item The Linguistic View
13783 =item Breaking gettext
13785 =item Replacing gettext
13787 =item Buzzwords: Abstraction and Encapsulation
13789 =item Buzzword: Isomorphism
13791 =item Buzzword: Inheritance
13793 =item Buzzword: Concision
13795 =item The Devil in the Details
13797 =item The Proof in the Pudding: Localizing Web Sites
13805 =head2 MIME::Base64 - Encoding and decoding of base64 strings
13813 encode_base64($str, [$eol]), decode_base64($str)
13817 Premature end of base64 data, Premature padding of base64 data
13825 =head2 MIME::Base64::QuotedPrint, MIME::QuotedPrint - Encoding and decoding
13826 of quoted-printable strings
13834 encode_qp($str), decode_qp($str);
13840 =head2 MIME::QuotedPrint - Encoding and decoding of quoted-printable
13849 encode_qp($str), decode_qp($str);
13855 =head2 Math::BigFloat - Arbitrary size floating point math package
13865 =item Canonical notation
13869 =item C<mantissa()>, C<exponent()> and C<parts()>
13871 =item Accuracy vs. Precision
13875 ffround ( +$scale ), ffround ( -$scale ), ffround ( 0 ), fround ( +$scale
13876 ), fround ( -$scale ) and fround ( 0 )
13884 =item Autocreating constants
13890 stringify, bstr(), bdiv, Modifying and =, bpow
13898 =head2 Math::BigInt - Arbitrary size integer math package
13906 Canonical notation, Input, Output
13908 =item ACCURACY and PRECISION
13918 =item Rounding mode R
13920 'trunc', 'even', 'odd', '+inf', '-inf', 'zero', Precision, Accuracy
13921 (significant digits), Setting/Accessing, Creating numbers, Usage,
13922 Precedence, Overriding globals, Local settings, Rounding, Default values,
13935 =item mantissa(), exponent() and parts()
13943 =item Autocreating constants
13949 =item Alternative math libraries
13955 Out of Memory!, Fails to load Calc on Perl prior 5.6.0
13959 stringify, bstr(), bsstr() and 'cmp', int(), length, bdiv, infinity
13960 handling, Modifying and =, bpow, Overloading -$x, Mixing different object
13971 =head2 Math::BigInt::Calc - Pure Perl module to support Math::BigInt
13981 =item WRAP YOUR OWN
13985 This program is free software; you may redistribute it and/or modify it
13987 the same terms as Perl itself.
13995 =head2 Math::Complex - complex numbers and associated mathematical
14008 =item STRINGIFICATION
14012 =item CHANGED IN PERL 5.6
14018 =item ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO OR LOGARITHM OF ZERO
14020 =item ERRORS DUE TO INDIGESTIBLE ARGUMENTS
14028 =head2 Math::Trig - trigonometric functions
14036 =item TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS
14042 =item ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO
14044 =item SIMPLE (REAL) ARGUMENTS, COMPLEX RESULTS
14048 =item PLANE ANGLE CONVERSIONS
14050 =item RADIAL COORDINATE CONVERSIONS
14054 =item COORDINATE SYSTEMS
14056 =item 3-D ANGLE CONVERSIONS
14058 cartesian_to_cylindrical, cartesian_to_spherical, cylindrical_to_cartesian,
14059 cylindrical_to_spherical, spherical_to_cartesian, spherical_to_cylindrical
14063 =item GREAT CIRCLE DISTANCES AND DIRECTIONS
14069 =item CAVEAT FOR GREAT CIRCLE FORMULAS
14079 =head2 Memoize - Make your functions faster by trading space for time
14097 =item C<SCALAR_CACHE>, C<LIST_CACHE>
14099 C<MEMORY>, C<HASH>, C<TIE>, C<FAULT>, C<MERGE>
14103 =item OTHER FACILITIES
14109 =item C<flush_cache>
14115 =item PERSISTENT CACHE SUPPORT
14117 =item EXPIRATION SUPPORT
14125 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
14131 =head2 Memoize::AnyDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for AnyDBM_File for
14140 =head2 Memoize::Expire - Plug-in module for automatic expiration of
14151 TIEHASH, EXISTS, STORE
14163 =head2 Memoize::ExpireFile - test for Memoize expiration semantics
14171 =head2 Memoize::ExpireTest - test for Memoize expiration semantics
14179 =head2 Memoize::NDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for NDBM_File for
14188 =head2 Memoize::SDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for SDBM_File for
14197 =head2 Memoize::Storable - store Memoized data in Storable database
14205 =head2 NDBM_File - Tied access to ndbm files
14213 C<O_RDONLY>, C<O_WRONLY>, C<O_RDWR>
14219 =item C<ndbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...>
14223 =item BUGS AND WARNINGS
14227 =head2 NEXT - Provide a pseudo-class NEXT that allows method redispatch
14237 =item Enforcing redispatch
14239 =item Avoiding repetitions
14245 =item BUGS AND IRRITATIONS
14251 =head2 Net::Cmd - Network Command class (as used by FTP, SMTP etc)
14261 debug ( VALUE ), message (), code (), ok (), status (), datasend ( DATA ),
14264 =item CLASS METHODS
14266 debug_print ( DIR, TEXT ), debug_text ( TEXT ), command ( CMD [, ARGS, ...
14267 ]), unsupported (), response (), parse_response ( TEXT ), getline (),
14268 ungetline ( TEXT ), read_until_dot ()
14278 =head2 Net::Config - Local configuration data for libnet
14288 requires_firewall HOST
14290 =item NetConfig VALUES
14292 nntp_hosts, snpp_hosts, pop3_hosts, smtp_hosts, ph_hosts, daytime_hosts,
14293 time_hosts, inet_domain, ftp_firewall, ftp_firewall_type, ftp_ext_passive,
14294 ftp_int_pasive, local_netmask, test_hosts, test_exists
14298 =head2 Net::Domain - Attempt to evaluate the current host's internet name
14307 hostfqdn (), hostname (), hostdomain ()
14315 =head2 Net::FTP - FTP Client class
14327 new (HOST [,OPTIONS])
14331 login ([LOGIN [,PASSWORD [, ACCOUNT] ] ]), authorize ( [AUTH [, RESP]]),
14332 site (ARGS), type (TYPE [, ARGS]), ascii ([ARGS]) binary([ARGS])
14333 ebcdic([ARGS]) byte([ARGS]), rename ( OLDNAME, NEWNAME ), delete ( FILENAME
14334 ), cwd ( [ DIR ] ), cdup (), pwd (), restart ( WHERE ), rmdir ( DIR ),
14335 mkdir ( DIR [, RECURSE ]), ls ( [ DIR ] ), dir ( [ DIR ] ), get (
14336 REMOTE_FILE [, LOCAL_FILE [, WHERE]] ), put ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ]
14337 ), put_unique ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] ), append ( LOCAL_FILE [,
14338 REMOTE_FILE ] ), unique_name (), mdtm ( FILE ), size ( FILE ), supported (
14339 CMD ), hash ( [FILEHANDLE_GLOB_REF],[ BYTES_PER_HASH_MARK] ), nlst ( [ DIR
14340 ] ), list ( [ DIR ] ), retr ( FILE ), stor ( FILE ), stou ( FILE ), appe (
14341 FILE ), port ( [ PORT ] ), pasv (), pasv_xfer ( SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER [,
14342 DEST_FILE ] ), pasv_xfer_unique ( SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER [, DEST_FILE ] ),
14343 pasv_wait ( NON_PASV_SERVER ), abort (), quit ()
14347 =item Methods for the adventurous
14353 =item THE dataconn CLASS
14355 read ( BUFFER, SIZE [, TIMEOUT ] ), write ( BUFFER, SIZE [, TIMEOUT ] ),
14356 bytes_read (), abort (), close ()
14358 =item UNIMPLEMENTED
14360 B<ALLO>, B<SMNT>, B<HELP>, B<MODE>, B<SYST>, B<STAT>, B<STRU>, B<REIN>
14362 =item REPORTING BUGS
14370 http://www.csh.rit.edu/~adam/Progs/autoftp-2.0.tar.gz
14378 =head2 Net::NNTP - NNTP Client class
14388 new ( [ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ])
14392 article ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), body ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), head (
14393 [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), nntpstat ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), group ( [ GROUP ]
14394 ), ihave ( MSGID [, MESSAGE ]), last (), date (), postok (), authinfo (
14395 USER, PASS ), list (), newgroups ( SINCE [, DISTRIBUTIONS ]), newnews (
14396 SINCE [, GROUPS [, DISTRIBUTIONS ]]), next (), post ( [ MESSAGE ] ), slave
14401 =item Extension methods
14403 newsgroups ( [ PATTERN ] ), distributions (), subscriptions (),
14404 overview_fmt (), active_times (), active ( [ PATTERN ] ), xgtitle ( PATTERN
14405 ), xhdr ( HEADER, MESSAGE-SPEC ), xover ( MESSAGE-SPEC ), xpath (
14406 MESSAGE-ID ), xpat ( HEADER, PATTERN, MESSAGE-SPEC), xrover, listgroup ( [
14415 MESSAGE-SPEC, PATTERN, Examples, C<[^]-]>, C<*bdc>, C<[0-9a-zA-Z]>, C<a??d>
14425 =head2 Net::POP3 - Post Office Protocol 3 Client class (RFC1081)
14437 new ( [ HOST, ] [ OPTIONS ] )
14441 user ( USER ), pass ( PASS ), login ( [ USER [, PASS ]] ), apop ( USER,
14442 PASS ), top ( MSGNUM [, NUMLINES ] ), list ( [ MSGNUM ] ), get ( MSGNUM [,
14443 FH ] ), last (), popstat (), ping ( USER ), uidl ( [ MSGNUM ] ), delete (
14444 MSGNUM ), reset (), quit ()
14456 =head2 Net::Ping - check a remote host for reachability
14468 Net::Ping->new([$proto [, $def_timeout [, $bytes]]]);,
14469 $p->bind($local_addr);, $p->ping($host [, $timeout]);, $p->open($host);,
14470 $p->open($host);, $p->close();, pingecho($host [, $timeout]);
14484 =head2 Net::SMTP - Simple Mail Transfer Protocol Client
14496 new Net::SMTP [ HOST, ] [ OPTIONS ]
14500 banner (), domain (), hello ( DOMAIN ), etrn ( DOMAIN ), auth ( USERNAME,
14501 PASSWORD ), mail ( ADDRESS [, OPTIONS] ), send ( ADDRESS ), send_or_mail (
14502 ADDRESS ), send_and_mail ( ADDRESS ), reset (), recipient ( ADDRESS [,
14503 ADDRESS [ ...]] [, OPTIONS ] ), to ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), cc (
14504 ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), bcc ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), data ( [
14505 DATA ] ), expand ( ADDRESS ), verify ( ADDRESS ), help ( [ $subject ] ),
14516 =head2 Net::Time - time and daytime network client interface
14524 inet_time ( [HOST [, PROTOCOL [, TIMEOUT]]]), inet_daytime ( [HOST [,
14525 PROTOCOL [, TIMEOUT]]])
14533 =head2 Net::hostent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gethost*()
14550 =head2 Net::libnetFAQ, libnetFAQ - libnet Frequently Asked Questions
14558 =item Where to get this document
14560 =item How to contribute to this document
14564 =item Author and Copyright Information
14572 =item Obtaining and installing libnet
14576 =item What is libnet ?
14578 =item Which version of perl do I need ?
14580 =item What other modules do I need ?
14582 =item What machines support libnet ?
14584 =item Where can I get the latest libnet release
14588 =item Using Net::FTP
14592 =item How do I download files from an FTP server ?
14594 =item How do I transfer files in binary mode ?
14596 =item How can I get the size of a file on a remote FTP server ?
14598 =item How can I get the modification time of a file on a remote FTP server
14601 =item How can I change the permissions of a file on a remote server ?
14603 =item Can I do a reget operation like the ftp command ?
14605 =item How do I get a directory listing from an FTP server ?
14607 =item Changing directory to "" does not fail ?
14609 =item I am behind a SOCKS firewall, but the Firewall option does not work ?
14611 =item I am behind an FTP proxy firewall, but cannot access machines outside
14614 =item My ftp proxy firewall does not listen on port 21
14616 =item Is it possible to change the file permissions of a file on an FTP
14619 =item I have seen scripts call a method message, but cannot find it
14622 =item Why does Net::FTP not implement mput and mget methods
14626 =item Using Net::SMTP
14630 =item Why can't the part of an Email address after the @ be used as the
14633 =item Why does Net::SMTP not do DNS MX lookups ?
14635 =item The verify method always returns true ?
14639 =item Debugging scripts
14643 =item How can I debug my scripts that use Net::* modules ?
14647 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
14651 =head2 Net::netent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getnet*()
14668 =head2 Net::protoent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getproto*()
14683 =head2 Net::servent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getserv*()
14700 =head2 Netrc, Net::Netrc - OO interface to users netrc file
14708 =item THE .netrc FILE
14710 machine name, default, login name, password string, account string, macdef
14715 lookup ( MACHINE [, LOGIN ])
14719 login (), password (), account (), lpa ()
14729 =head2 O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends
14739 =item IMPLEMENTATION
14745 =head2 ODBM_File - Tied access to odbm files
14753 C<O_RDONLY>, C<O_WRONLY>, C<O_RDWR>
14759 =item C<odbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...>
14763 =item BUGS AND WARNINGS
14767 =head2 Opcode - Disable named opcodes when compiling perl code
14779 =item Operator Names and Operator Lists
14781 an operator name (opname), an operator tag name (optag), a negated opname
14782 or optag, an operator set (opset)
14784 =item Opcode Functions
14786 opcodes, opset (OP, ...), opset_to_ops (OPSET), opset_to_hex (OPSET),
14787 full_opset, empty_opset, invert_opset (OPSET), verify_opset (OPSET, ...),
14788 define_optag (OPTAG, OPSET), opmask_add (OPSET), opmask, opdesc (OP, ...),
14791 =item Manipulating Opsets
14793 =item TO DO (maybe)
14799 =item Predefined Opcode Tags
14801 :base_core, :base_mem, :base_loop, :base_io, :base_orig, :base_math,
14802 :base_thread, :default, :filesys_read, :sys_db, :browse, :filesys_open,
14803 :filesys_write, :subprocess, :ownprocess, :others, :still_to_be_decided,
14812 =head2 Opcode::Safe, Safe - Compile and execute code in restricted
14821 a new namespace, an operator mask
14827 =item RECENT CHANGES
14829 =item Methods in class Safe
14831 permit (OP, ...), permit_only (OP, ...), deny (OP, ...), deny_only (OP,
14832 ...), trap (OP, ...), untrap (OP, ...), share (NAME, ...), share_from
14833 (PACKAGE, ARRAYREF), varglob (VARNAME), reval (STRING), rdo (FILENAME),
14834 root (NAMESPACE), mask (MASK)
14836 =item Some Safety Issues
14838 Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes
14846 =head2 Opcode::ops, ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when
14859 =head2 POSIX - Perl interface to IEEE Std 1003.1
14873 _exit, abort, abs, access, acos, alarm, asctime, asin, assert, atan, atan2,
14874 atexit, atof, atoi, atol, bsearch, calloc, ceil, chdir, chmod, chown,
14875 clearerr, clock, close, closedir, cos, cosh, creat, ctermid, ctime,
14876 cuserid, difftime, div, dup, dup2, errno, execl, execle, execlp, execv,
14877 execve, execvp, exit, exp, fabs, fclose, fcntl, fdopen, feof, ferror,
14878 fflush, fgetc, fgetpos, fgets, fileno, floor, fmod, fopen, fork, fpathconf,
14879 fprintf, fputc, fputs, fread, free, freopen, frexp, fscanf, fseek, fsetpos,
14880 fstat, ftell, fwrite, getc, getchar, getcwd, getegid, getenv, geteuid,
14881 getgid, getgrgid, getgrnam, getgroups, getlogin, getpgrp, getpid, getppid,
14882 getpwnam, getpwuid, gets, getuid, gmtime, isalnum, isalpha, isatty,
14883 iscntrl, isdigit, isgraph, islower, isprint, ispunct, isspace, isupper,
14884 isxdigit, kill, labs, ldexp, ldiv, link, localeconv, localtime, log, log10,
14885 longjmp, lseek, malloc, mblen, mbstowcs, mbtowc, memchr, memcmp, memcpy,
14886 memmove, memset, mkdir, mkfifo, mktime, modf, nice, offsetof, open,
14887 opendir, pathconf, pause, perror, pipe, pow, printf, putc, putchar, puts,
14888 qsort, raise, rand, read, readdir, realloc, remove, rename, rewind,
14889 rewinddir, rmdir, scanf, setgid, setjmp, setlocale, setpgid, setsid,
14890 setuid, sigaction, siglongjmp, sigpending, sigprocmask, sigsetjmp,
14891 sigsuspend, sin, sinh, sleep, sprintf, sqrt, srand, sscanf, stat, strcat,
14892 strchr, strcmp, strcoll, strcpy, strcspn, strerror, strftime, strlen,
14893 strncat, strncmp, strncpy, strpbrk, strrchr, strspn, strstr, strtod,
14894 strtok, strtol, strtoul, strxfrm, sysconf, system, tan, tanh, tcdrain,
14895 tcflow, tcflush, tcgetpgrp, tcsendbreak, tcsetpgrp, time, times, tmpfile,
14896 tmpnam, tolower, toupper, ttyname, tzname, tzset, umask, uname, ungetc,
14897 unlink, utime, vfprintf, vprintf, vsprintf, wait, waitpid, wcstombs,
14904 =item POSIX::SigAction
14908 =item POSIX::SigSet
14910 new, addset, delset, emptyset, fillset, ismember
14912 =item POSIX::Termios
14914 new, getattr, getcc, getcflag, getiflag, getispeed, getlflag, getoflag,
14915 getospeed, setattr, setcc, setcflag, setiflag, setispeed, setlflag,
14916 setoflag, setospeed, Baud rate values, Terminal interface values, c_cc
14917 field values, c_cflag field values, c_iflag field values, c_lflag field
14918 values, c_oflag field values
14922 =item PATHNAME CONSTANTS
14926 =item POSIX CONSTANTS
14930 =item SYSTEM CONFIGURATION
14984 Constants, WNOHANG, WUNTRACED, Macros, WIFEXITED, WEXITSTATUS, WIFSIGNALED,
14985 WTERMSIG, WIFSTOPPED, WSTOPSIG
14989 =head2 PerlIO - On demand loader for PerlIO layers and root of PerlIO::*
14998 unix, stdio, perlio, crlf, utf8, raw
15002 =item Defaults and how to override them
15012 =head2 PerlIO::Scalar - support module for in-memory IO.
15022 =head2 PerlIO::Via - Helper class for PerlIO layers implemented in perl
15030 $class->PUSHED([$mode[,$fh]]), $obj->POPPED([$fh]),
15031 $class->OPEN($path,$mode[,$fh]), $class->FDOPEN($fd),
15032 $class->SYSOPEN($path,$imode,$perm,$fh), $obj->FILENO($fh),
15033 $obj->READ($buffer,$len,$fh), $obj->WRITE($buffer,$fh), $obj->FILL($fh),
15034 $obj->CLOSE($fh), $obj->SEEK($posn,$whence,$fh), $obj->TELL($fh),
15035 $obj->UNREAD($buffer,$fh), $obj->FLUSH($fh), $obj->SETLINEBUF($fh),
15036 $obj->CLEARERR($fh), $obj->ERROR($fh), $obj->EOF($fh)
15040 =item Example - a Hexadecimal Handle
15046 =head2 Pod::Checker, podchecker() - check pod documents for syntax errors
15052 =item OPTIONS/ARGUMENTS
15058 B<-warnings> =E<gt> I<val>
15070 empty =headn, =over on line I<N> without closing =back, =item without
15071 previous =over, =back without previous =over, No argument for =begin, =end
15072 without =begin, Nested =begin's, =for without formatter specification,
15073 unresolved internal link I<NAME>, Unknown command "I<CMD>", Unknown
15074 interior-sequence "I<SEQ>", nested commands
15075 I<CMD>E<lt>...I<CMD>E<lt>...E<gt>...E<gt>, garbled entity I<STRING>, Entity
15076 number out of range, malformed link LE<lt>E<gt>, nonempty ZE<lt>E<gt>,
15077 empty XE<lt>E<gt>, Spurious text after =pod / =cut, Spurious character(s)
15082 multiple occurence of link target I<name>, line containing nothing but
15083 whitespace in paragraph, file does not start with =head, previous =item has
15084 no contents, preceding non-item paragraph(s), =item type mismatch (I<one>
15085 vs. I<two>), I<N> unescaped C<E<lt>E<gt>> in paragraph, Unknown entity, No
15086 items in =over, No argument for =item, empty section in previous paragraph,
15087 Verbatim paragraph in NAME section
15091 ignoring leading/trailing whitespace in link, (section) in '$page'
15092 deprecated, alternative text/node '%s' contains non-escaped | or /
15104 C<Pod::Checker-E<gt>new( %options )>
15106 C<$checker-E<gt>poderror( @args )>, C<$checker-E<gt>poderror( {%opts},
15109 C<$checker-E<gt>num_errors()>
15111 C<$checker-E<gt>name()>
15113 C<$checker-E<gt>node()>
15115 C<$checker-E<gt>idx()>
15117 C<$checker-E<gt>hyperlink()>
15125 =head2 Pod::Find - find POD documents in directory trees
15137 =item C<pod_find( { %opts } , @directories )>
15139 C<-verbose =E<gt> 1>, C<-perl =E<gt> 1>, C<-script =E<gt> 1>, C<-inc =E<gt>
15146 =item C<simplify_name( $str )>
15152 =item C<pod_where( { %opts }, $pod )>
15154 C<-inc =E<gt> 1>, C<-dirs =E<gt> [ $dir1, $dir2, ... ]>, C<-verbose =E<gt>
15161 =item C<contains_pod( $file , $verbose )>
15173 =head2 Pod::Html - module to convert pod files to HTML
15183 backlink, cachedir, css, flush, header, help, htmldir, htmlroot, index,
15184 infile, libpods, netscape, outfile, podpath, podroot, quiet, recurse,
15199 =head2 Pod::InputObjects - objects representing POD input paragraphs,
15212 package B<Pod::InputSource>, package B<Pod::Paragraph>, package
15213 B<Pod::InteriorSequence>, package B<Pod::ParseTree>
15219 =item B<Pod::InputSource>
15243 =item B<was_cutting()>
15249 =item B<Pod::Paragraph>
15255 =item Pod::Paragraph-E<gt>B<new()>
15261 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<cmd_name()>
15267 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<text()>
15273 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<raw_text()>
15279 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<cmd_prefix()>
15285 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<cmd_separator()>
15291 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<parse_tree()>
15297 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<file_line()>
15303 =item B<Pod::InteriorSequence>
15309 =item Pod::InteriorSequence-E<gt>B<new()>
15315 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<cmd_name()>
15321 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<prepend()>
15327 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<append()>
15333 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<nested()>
15339 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<raw_text()>
15345 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<left_delimiter()>
15351 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<right_delimiter()>
15357 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<parse_tree()>
15363 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<file_line()>
15369 =item Pod::InteriorSequence::B<DESTROY()>
15375 =item B<Pod::ParseTree>
15381 =item Pod::ParseTree-E<gt>B<new()>
15387 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<top()>
15393 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<children()>
15399 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<prepend()>
15405 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<append()>
15411 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<raw_text()>
15417 =item Pod::ParseTree::B<DESTROY()>
15429 =head2 Pod::LaTeX - Convert Pod data to formatted Latex
15441 =item OBJECT METHODS
15449 =item Data Accessors
15465 B<ReplaceNAMEwithSection>
15467 B<StartWithNewPage>
15481 =item Subclassed methods
15495 B<interior_sequence>
15511 =item Methods for headings
15519 =item Internal methods
15525 B<_replace_special_chars>
15527 B<_replace_special_chars_late>
15533 B<_clean_latex_commands>
15535 B<_split_delimited>
15551 =head2 Pod::Man - Convert POD data to formatted *roff input
15559 center, date, fixed, fixedbold, fixeditalic, fixedbolditalic, name, quotes,
15564 roff font should be 1 or 2 chars, not "%s", Invalid link %s, Invalid quote
15565 specification "%s", %s:%d: Unknown command paragraph "%s", %s:%d: Unknown
15566 escape EE<lt>%sE<gt>, %s:%d: Unknown formatting code %s, %s:%d: Unmatched
15577 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
15581 =head2 Pod::ParseLink -- Parse an LE<lt>E<gt> formatting code in POD text
15591 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
15595 =head2 Pod::ParseUtils - helpers for POD parsing and conversion
15609 Pod::List-E<gt>new()
15617 $list-E<gt>indent()
15625 $list-E<gt>parent()
15631 =item Pod::Hyperlink
15633 Pod::Hyperlink-E<gt>new()
15637 $link-E<gt>parse($string)
15639 $link-E<gt>markup($string)
15643 $link-E<gt>warning()
15645 $link-E<gt>file(), $link-E<gt>line()
15651 $link-E<gt>alttext()
15661 Pod::Cache-E<gt>new()
15667 $cache-E<gt>find_page($name)
15671 =item Pod::Cache::Item
15673 Pod::Cache::Item-E<gt>new()
15677 $cacheitem-E<gt>page()
15679 $cacheitem-E<gt>description()
15681 $cacheitem-E<gt>path()
15683 $cacheitem-E<gt>file()
15685 $cacheitem-E<gt>nodes()
15687 $cacheitem-E<gt>find_node($name)
15689 $cacheitem-E<gt>idx()
15699 =head2 Pod::Parser - base class for creating POD filters and translators
15711 =item QUICK OVERVIEW
15713 =item PARSING OPTIONS
15715 B<-want_nonPODs> (default: unset), B<-process_cut_cmd> (default: unset),
15716 B<-warnings> (default: unset)
15722 =item RECOMMENDED SUBROUTINE/METHOD OVERRIDES
15730 C<$cmd>, C<$text>, C<$line_num>, C<$pod_para>
15736 =item B<verbatim()>
15738 C<$text>, C<$line_num>, C<$pod_para>
15744 =item B<textblock()>
15746 C<$text>, C<$line_num>, C<$pod_para>
15752 =item B<interior_sequence()>
15758 =item OPTIONAL SUBROUTINE/METHOD OVERRIDES
15770 =item B<initialize()>
15776 =item B<begin_pod()>
15782 =item B<begin_input()>
15788 =item B<end_input()>
15800 =item B<preprocess_line()>
15806 =item B<preprocess_paragraph()>
15812 =item METHODS FOR PARSING AND PROCESSING
15818 =item B<parse_text()>
15820 B<-expand_seq> =E<gt> I<code-ref>|I<method-name>, B<-expand_text> =E<gt>
15821 I<code-ref>|I<method-name>, B<-expand_ptree> =E<gt>
15822 I<code-ref>|I<method-name>
15828 =item B<interpolate()>
15834 =item B<parse_paragraph()>
15840 =item B<parse_from_filehandle()>
15846 =item B<parse_from_file()>
15852 =item ACCESSOR METHODS
15858 =item B<errorsub()>
15870 =item B<parseopts()>
15876 =item B<output_file()>
15882 =item B<output_handle()>
15888 =item B<input_file()>
15894 =item B<input_handle()>
15900 =item B<input_streams()>
15906 =item B<top_stream()>
15912 =item PRIVATE METHODS AND DATA
15918 =item B<_push_input_stream()>
15924 =item B<_pop_input_stream()>
15930 =item TREE-BASED PARSING
15938 =head2 Pod::Plainer - Perl extension for converting Pod to old style Pod.
15958 =head2 Pod::Select, podselect() - extract selected sections of POD from
15971 =item SECTION SPECIFICATIONS
15973 =item RANGE SPECIFICATIONS
15979 =item OBJECT METHODS
15985 =item B<curr_headings()>
15997 =item B<add_selection()>
16003 =item B<clear_selections()>
16009 =item B<match_section()>
16015 =item B<is_selected()>
16021 =item EXPORTED FUNCTIONS
16027 =item B<podselect()>
16029 B<-output>, B<-sections>, B<-ranges>
16035 =item PRIVATE METHODS AND DATA
16041 =item B<_compile_section_spec()>
16047 =item $self->{_SECTION_HEADINGS}
16053 =item $self->{_SELECTED_SECTIONS}
16065 =head2 Pod::Text - Convert POD data to formatted ASCII text
16073 alt, code, indent, loose, quotes, sentence, width
16077 Bizarre space in item, Item called without tag, Can't open %s for reading:
16078 %s, Invalid quote specification "%s", %s:%d: Unknown command paragraph: %s,
16079 %s:%d: Unknown escape: %s, %s:%d: Unknown formatting code: %s, %s:%d:
16090 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
16094 =head2 Pod::Text::Color - Convert POD data to formatted color ASCII text
16108 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
16112 =head2 Pod::Text::Overstrike - Convert POD data to formatted overstrike
16127 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
16131 =head2 Pod::Text::Termcap, Pod::Text::Color - Convert POD data to ASCII
16132 text with format escapes
16146 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
16150 =head2 Pod::Usage, pod2usage() - print a usage message from embedded pod
16159 C<-message>, C<-msg>, C<-exitval>, C<-verbose>, C<-output>, C<-input>,
16168 =item Recommended Use
16176 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
16180 =head2 Pod::t::basic, basic.pod - Test of various basic POD features in
16187 =item This C<is> a "level 1" heading
16191 =item ``Level'' "2 I<heading>
16195 =item This C<is> a "level 1" heading
16199 =item ``Level'' 2 I<heading>
16205 =item OVER AND ITEMS
16207 This is a test, a, b, a, b, c, d, "foo", B<bar>, C<baz>, Some longer item
16210 =item FORMATTING CODES
16212 E<amp>, E<apos>, E<lt>, E<gt>, E<quot>, E<sol>
16220 =head2 SDBM_File - Tied access to sdbm files
16228 C<O_RDONLY>, C<O_WRONLY>, C<O_RDWR>
16234 =item C<sdbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...>
16238 =item BUGS AND WARNINGS
16242 =head2 Safe - Compile and execute code in restricted compartments
16250 a new namespace, an operator mask
16256 =item RECENT CHANGES
16258 =item Methods in class Safe
16260 permit (OP, ...), permit_only (OP, ...), deny (OP, ...), deny_only (OP,
16261 ...), trap (OP, ...), untrap (OP, ...), share (NAME, ...), share_from
16262 (PACKAGE, ARRAYREF), varglob (VARNAME), reval (STRING), rdo (FILENAME),
16263 root (NAMESPACE), mask (MASK)
16265 =item Some Safety Issues
16267 Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes
16275 =head2 Scalar::Util - A selection of general-utility scalar subroutines
16283 blessed EXPR, dualvar NUM, STRING, isweak EXPR, readonly SCALAR, reftype
16284 EXPR, tainted EXPR, weaken REF
16292 =head2 Search::Dict, look - search for key in dictionary file
16302 =head2 SelectSaver - save and restore selected file handle
16312 =head2 SelfLoader - load functions only on demand
16322 =item The __DATA__ token
16324 =item SelfLoader autoloading
16326 =item Autoloading and package lexicals
16328 =item SelfLoader and AutoLoader
16330 =item __DATA__, __END__, and the FOOBAR::DATA filehandle.
16332 =item Classes and inherited methods.
16336 =item Multiple packages and fully qualified subroutine names
16340 =head2 Shell - run shell commands transparently within perl
16350 =item OBJECT ORIENTED SYNTAX
16358 =head2 Socket, sockaddr_in, sockaddr_un, inet_aton, inet_ntoa - load the C
16359 socket.h defines and structure manipulators
16367 inet_aton HOSTNAME, inet_ntoa IP_ADDRESS, INADDR_ANY, INADDR_BROADCAST,
16368 INADDR_LOOPBACK, INADDR_NONE, sockaddr_in PORT, ADDRESS, sockaddr_in
16369 SOCKADDR_IN, pack_sockaddr_in PORT, IP_ADDRESS, unpack_sockaddr_in
16370 SOCKADDR_IN, sockaddr_un PATHNAME, sockaddr_un SOCKADDR_UN,
16371 pack_sockaddr_un PATH, unpack_sockaddr_un SOCKADDR_UN
16375 =head2 Storable - persistency for perl data structures
16385 =item ADVISORY LOCKING
16389 =item CANONICAL REPRESENTATION
16391 =item ERROR REPORTING
16399 C<STORABLE_freeze> I<obj>, I<cloning>, C<STORABLE_thaw> I<obj>, I<cloning>,
16404 C<Storable::last_op_in_netorder>, C<Storable::is_storing>,
16405 C<Storable::is_retrieving>
16429 =head2 Switch - A switch statement for Perl
16443 =item Allowing fall-through
16445 =item Automating fall-through
16447 =item Alternative syntax
16449 =item Higher-order Operations
16465 =head2 Symbol - manipulate Perl symbols and their names
16475 =head2 Sys::Hostname - Try every conceivable way to get hostname
16487 =head2 Syslog, Sys::Syslog, openlog, closelog, setlogmask, syslog - Perl
16488 interface to the UNIX syslog(3) calls
16496 openlog $ident, $logopt, $facility, syslog $priority, $format, @args,
16497 setlogmask $mask_priority, setlogsock $sock_type (added in 5.004_02),
16508 =head2 Syslog::Syslog, Sys::Syslog, openlog, closelog, setlogmask, syslog -
16509 Perl interface to the UNIX syslog(3) calls
16517 openlog $ident, $logopt, $facility, syslog $priority, $format, @args,
16518 setlogmask $mask_priority, setlogsock $sock_type (added in 5.004_02),
16529 =head2 Term::ANSIColor - Color screen output using ANSI escape sequences
16539 Bad escape sequence %s, Bareword "%s" not allowed while "strict subs" in
16540 use, Invalid attribute name %s, Name "%s" used only once: possible typo, No
16541 comma allowed after filehandle, No name for escape sequence %s
16545 ANSI_COLORS_DISABLED
16559 =head2 Term::Cap - Perl termcap interface
16575 B<Tgetent>, OSPEED, TERM
16577 B<Tpad>, B<$string>, B<$cnt>, B<$FH>
16579 B<Tputs>, B<$cap>, B<$cnt>, B<$FH>
16581 B<Tgoto>, B<$cap>, B<$col>, B<$row>, B<$FH>
16589 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
16597 =head2 Term::Complete - Perl word completion module
16605 E<lt>tabE<gt>, ^D, ^U, E<lt>delE<gt>, E<lt>bsE<gt>
16615 =head2 Term::ReadLine - Perl interface to various C<readline> packages. If
16616 no real package is found, substitutes stubs instead of basic functions.
16624 =item Minimal set of supported functions
16626 C<ReadLine>, C<new>, C<readline>, C<addhistory>, C<IN>, $C<OUT>,
16627 C<MinLine>, C<findConsole>, Attribs, C<Features>
16629 =item Additional supported functions
16631 C<tkRunning>, C<ornaments>, C<newTTY>
16641 =head2 Test - provides a simple framework for writing test scripts
16667 NORMAL TESTS, SKIPPED TESTS, TODO TESTS
16671 =item BUGS and CAVEATS
16681 =head2 Test::Builder - Backend for building test libraries
16701 =item Setting up tests
16717 =item Running tests
16723 B<is_eq>, B<is_num>
16741 B<no_header>, B<no_ending>
16753 B<output>, B<failure_output>, B<todo_output>
16757 =item Test Status and Info
16765 B<details> I<UNIMPLEMENTED>, B<todo>
16787 =head2 Test::Harness - run perl standard test scripts with statistics
16797 =item The test script output
16799 B<'1..M'>, B<'ok', 'not ok'. Ok?>, B<test numbers>,
16800 B<$Test::Harness::verbose>, B<$Test::Harness::switches>, B<Skipping tests>,
16801 B<Todo tests>, B<Bail out!>, B<Comments>, B<Anything else>
16805 B<Failed Test>, B<Stat>, B<Wstat>, B<Total>, B<Fail>, B<Failed>, B<List of
16830 C<All tests successful.\nFiles=%d, Tests=%d, %s>, C<FAILED tests
16831 %s\n\tFailed %d/%d tests, %.2f%% okay.>, C<Test returned status %d (wstat
16832 %d)>, C<Failed 1 test, %.2f%% okay. %s>, C<Failed %d/%d tests, %.2f%% okay.
16833 %s>, C<FAILED--Further testing stopped%s>
16837 C<HARNESS_IGNORE_EXITCODE>, C<HARNESS_NOTTY>, C<HARNESS_COMPILE_TEST>,
16838 C<HARNESS_FILELEAK_IN_DIR>, C<HARNESS_PERL_SWITCHES>, C<HARNESS_COLUMNS>,
16853 =head2 Test::More - yet another framework for writing test scripts
16863 =item I love it when a plan comes together
16873 =item I'm ok, you're not ok.
16901 =item Conditional tests
16911 =item Comparison functions
16927 =item BUGS and CAVEATS
16929 Making your own ok(), The eq_* family have some caveats, Test::Harness
16942 =head2 Test::Simple - Basic utilities for writing tests.
16966 L<Test::More>, L<Test>, L<Test::Unit>, L<Test::Inline>, L<SelfTest>,
16975 =head2 Test::Tutorial - A tutorial about writing really basic tests
16983 =item Nuts and bolts of testing.
16985 =item Where to start?
16989 =item Test the manual
16991 =item Sometimes the tests are wrong
16993 =item Testing lots of values
16995 =item Informative names
16997 =item Skipping tests
17001 =item Testing with taint mode.
17013 =head2 Text::Abbrev, abbrev - create an abbreviation table from a list
17025 =head2 Text::Balanced - Extract delimited text sequences from strings.
17035 =item General behaviour in list contexts
17039 =item General behaviour in scalar and void contexts
17041 =item A note about prefixes
17043 =item C<extract_delimited>
17045 =item C<extract_bracketed>
17047 =item C<extract_tagged>
17049 C<reject =E<gt> $listref>, C<ignore =E<gt> $listref>, C<fail =E<gt> $str>,
17050 [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5]
17052 =item C<gen_extract_tagged>
17054 =item C<extract_quotelike>
17056 [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [10]
17058 =item C<extract_quotelike> and "here documents"
17060 [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7..10]
17062 =item C<extract_codeblock>
17064 =item C<extract_multiple>
17066 =item C<gen_delimited_pat>
17072 C<Did not find a suitable bracket: "%s">, C<Did not find prefix: /%s/>,
17073 C<Did not find opening bracket after prefix: "%s">, C<No quotelike
17074 operator found after prefix: "%s">, C<Unmatched closing bracket: "%c">,
17075 C<Unmatched opening bracket(s): "%s">, C<Unmatched embedded quote (%s)>,
17076 C<Did not find closing delimiter to match '%s'>, C<Mismatched closing
17077 bracket: expected "%c" but found "%s">, C<No block delimiter found after
17078 quotelike "%s">, C<Did not find leading dereferencer>, C<Bad identifier
17079 after dereferencer>, C<Did not find expected opening bracket at %s>,
17080 C<Improperly nested codeblock at %s>, C<Missing second block for quotelike
17081 "%s">, C<No match found for opening bracket>, C<Did not find opening tag:
17082 /%s/>, C<Unable to construct closing tag to match: /%s/>, C<Found invalid
17083 nested tag: %s>, C<Found unbalanced nested tag: %s>, C<Did not find closing
17088 =item BUGS AND IRRITATIONS
17094 =head2 Text::ParseWords - parse text into an array of tokens or array of
17109 =head2 Text::Soundex - Implementation of the Soundex Algorithm as Described
17126 =head2 Text::Tabs -- expand and unexpand tabs per the unix expand(1) and
17141 =head2 Text::Wrap - line wrapping to form simple paragraphs
17157 =head2 Thread - manipulate threads in Perl
17169 $thread = Thread->new(\&start_sub), $thread = Thread->new(\&start_sub,
17170 LIST), lock VARIABLE, async BLOCK;, Thread->self, cond_wait VARIABLE,
17171 cond_signal VARIABLE, cond_broadcast VARIABLE, yield
17175 join, eval, detach, equal, tid, flags, done
17183 =head2 Thread::Queue - thread-safe queues
17191 =item FUNCTIONS AND METHODS
17193 new, enqueue LIST, dequeue, dequeue_nb, pending
17199 =head2 Thread::Semaphore - thread-safe semaphores
17207 =item FUNCTIONS AND METHODS
17209 new, new NUMBER, down, down NUMBER, up, up NUMBER
17213 =head2 Thread::Signal - Start a thread which runs signal handlers reliably
17225 =head2 Thread::Specific - thread-specific keys
17235 =head2 Tie::Array - base class for tied arrays
17243 TIEARRAY classname, LIST, STORE this, index, value, FETCH this, index,
17244 FETCHSIZE this, STORESIZE this, count, EXTEND this, count, EXISTS this,
17245 key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, DESTROY this, PUSH this, LIST, POP this,
17246 SHIFT this, UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST
17254 =head2 Tie::Handle, Tie::StdHandle - base class definitions for tied
17263 TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, WRITE this, scalar, length, offset, PRINT this,
17264 LIST, PRINTF this, format, LIST, READ this, scalar, length, offset,
17265 READLINE this, GETC this, CLOSE this, OPEN this, filename, BINMODE this,
17266 EOF this, TELL this, SEEK this, offset, whence, DESTROY this
17268 =item MORE INFORMATION
17270 =item COMPATIBILITY
17274 =head2 Tie::Hash, Tie::StdHash - base class definitions for tied hashes
17282 TIEHASH classname, LIST, STORE this, key, value, FETCH this, key, FIRSTKEY
17283 this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, EXISTS this, key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this
17287 =item MORE INFORMATION
17291 =head2 Tie::RefHash - use references as hash keys
17309 =head2 Tie::Scalar, Tie::StdScalar - base class definitions for tied
17318 TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, DESTROY this
17320 =item MORE INFORMATION
17324 =head2 Tie::SubstrHash - Fixed-table-size, fixed-key-length hashing
17336 =head2 Time::HiRes - High resolution alarm, sleep, gettimeofday, interval
17345 gettimeofday (), usleep ( $useconds ), ualarm ( $useconds [,
17346 $interval_useconds ] ), tv_interval, time (), sleep ( $floating_seconds ),
17347 alarm ( $floating_seconds [, $interval_floating_seconds ] ), setitimer,
17348 getitimer ( $which )
17364 =head2 Time::Local - efficiently compute time from local and GMT time
17372 =item IMPLEMENTATION
17378 =head2 Time::gmtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gmtime()
17393 =head2 Time::localtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in localtime()
17408 =head2 Time::tm - internal object used by Time::gmtime and Time::localtime
17420 =head2 UNIVERSAL - base class for ALL classes (blessed references)
17428 $obj->isa( TYPE ), CLASS->isa( TYPE ), isa( VAL, TYPE ), $obj->can( METHOD
17429 ), CLASS->can( METHOD ), can( VAL, METHOD ), VERSION ( [ REQUIRE ] )
17433 =head2 Unicode::Collate - use UCA (Unicode Collation Algorithm)
17443 =item Constructor and Tailoring
17445 alternate, backwards, entry, ignoreName, ignoreChar, level, normalization,
17446 overrideCJK, overrideHangul, preprocess, rearrange, table, undefName,
17447 undefChar, katakana_before_hiragana, upper_before_lower
17449 =item Other methods
17451 C<@sorted = $Collator-E<gt>sort(@not_sorted)>, C<$result =
17452 $Collator-E<gt>cmp($a, $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>eq($a, $b)>,
17453 C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>ne($a, $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>lt($a,
17454 $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>le($a, $b)>, C<$result =
17455 $Collator-E<gt>gt($a, $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>ge($a, $b)>,
17456 C<$sortKey = $Collator-E<gt>getSortKey($string)>, C<$position =
17457 $Collator-E<gt>index($string, $substring)>, C<($position, $length) =
17458 $Collator-E<gt>index($string, $substring)>
17470 Unicode Collation Algorithm - Unicode TR #10, L<Unicode::Normalize>
17474 =head2 Unicode::Normalize - normalized forms of Unicode text
17482 C<$string_NFD = NFD($raw_string)>, C<$string_NFC = NFC($raw_string)>,
17483 C<$string_NFKD = NFKD($raw_string)>, C<$string_NFKC = NFKC($raw_string)>,
17484 C<$normalized_string = normalize($form_name, $raw_string)>
17496 L<Lingua::KO::Hangul::Util>, http://www.unicode.org/unicode/reports/tr15/
17500 =head2 Unicode::UCD - Unicode character database
17542 =item Blocks versus Scripts
17544 =item Matching Scripts and Blocks
17546 =item Code Point Arguments
17572 =item Unicode::UCD::UnicodeVersion
17578 =item Implementation Note
17590 =head2 User::grent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getgr*()
17605 =head2 User::pwent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getpw*()
17616 =item System Specifics
17630 =head2 Win32 - Interfaces to some Win32 API Functions
17638 =item Alphabetical Listing of Win32 Functions
17640 Win32::AbortSystemShutdown(MACHINE), Win32::BuildNumber(),
17641 Win32::CopyFile(FROM, TO, OVERWRITE), Win32::DomainName(),
17642 Win32::ExpandEnvironmentStrings(STRING), Win32::FormatMessage(ERRORCODE),
17643 Win32::FsType(), Win32::FreeLibrary(HANDLE), Win32::GetArchName(),
17644 Win32::GetChipName(), Win32::GetCwd(), Win32::GetFullPathName(FILENAME),
17645 Win32::GetLastError(), Win32::GetLongPathName(PATHNAME),
17646 Win32::GetNextAvailDrive(), Win32::GetOSVersion(),
17647 Win32::GetShortPathName(PATHNAME), Win32::GetProcAddress(INSTANCE,
17648 PROCNAME), Win32::GetTickCount(), Win32::InitiateSystemShutdown,
17649 Win32::IsWinNT(), Win32::IsWin95(), Win32::LoadLibrary(LIBNAME),
17650 Win32::LoginName(), Win32::LookupAccountName(SYSTEM, ACCOUNT, DOMAIN, SID,
17651 SIDTYPE), Win32::LookupAccountSID(SYSTEM, SID, ACCOUNT, DOMAIN, SIDTYPE),
17652 Win32::MsgBox(MESSAGE [, FLAGS [, TITLE]]), Win32::NodeName(),
17653 Win32::RegisterServer(LIBRARYNAME), Win32::SetCwd(NEWDIRECTORY),
17654 Win32::SetLastError(ERROR), Win32::Sleep(TIME), Win32::Spawn(COMMAND, ARGS,
17655 PID), Win32::UnregisterServer(LIBRARYNAME)
17661 =head2 XS::Typemap - module to test the XS typemaps distributed with perl
17679 =head2 XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code
17691 =head1 AUXILIARY DOCUMENTATION
17693 Here should be listed all the extra programs' documentation, but they
17694 don't all have manual pages yet:
17720 Larry Wall <F<larry@wall.org>>, with the help of oodles