4 perltoc - perl documentation table of contents
8 This page provides a brief table of contents for the rest of the Perl
9 documentation set. It is meant to be scanned quickly or grepped
10 through to locate the proper section you're looking for.
12 =head1 BASIC DOCUMENTATION
14 =head2 perl - Practical Extraction and Report Language
40 =head2 perlfaq - frequently asked questions about Perl ($Date: 1999/05/23
49 =item perlfaq: Structural overview of the FAQ.
51 =item L<perlfaq1>: General Questions About Perl
53 =item L<perlfaq2>: Obtaining and Learning about Perl
55 =item L<perlfaq3>: Programming Tools
57 =item L<perlfaq4>: Data Manipulation
59 =item L<perlfaq5>: Files and Formats
61 =item L<perlfaq6>: Regexps
63 =item L<perlfaq7>: General Perl Language Issues
65 =item L<perlfaq8>: System Interaction
67 =item L<perlfaq9>: Networking
71 =item About the perlfaq documents
75 =item Where to get the perlfaq
77 =item How to contribute to the perlfaq
79 =item What will happen if you mail your Perl programming problems to the
86 =item Author and Copyright Information
90 =item Bundled Distributions
98 1/November/2000, 23/May/99, 13/April/99, 7/January/99, 22/June/98,
99 24/April/97, 23/April/97, 25/March/97, 18/March/97, 17/March/97 Version,
100 Initial Release: 11/March/97
104 =head2 perlbook - Perl book information
112 =head2 perlsyn - Perl syntax
122 =item Simple statements
124 =item Compound statements
132 =item Basic BLOCKs and Switch Statements
136 =item PODs: Embedded Documentation
138 =item Plain Old Comments (Not!)
144 =head2 perldata - Perl data types
158 =item Scalar value constructors
160 =item List value constructors
164 =item Typeglobs and Filehandles
172 =head2 perlop - Perl operators and precedence
182 =item Terms and List Operators (Leftward)
184 =item The Arrow Operator
186 =item Auto-increment and Auto-decrement
190 =item Symbolic Unary Operators
192 =item Binding Operators
194 =item Multiplicative Operators
196 =item Additive Operators
198 =item Shift Operators
200 =item Named Unary Operators
202 =item Relational Operators
204 =item Equality Operators
208 =item Bitwise Or and Exclusive Or
210 =item C-style Logical And
212 =item C-style Logical Or
214 =item Range Operators
216 =item Conditional Operator
218 =item Assignment Operators
222 =item List Operators (Rightward)
228 =item Logical or and Exclusive Or
230 =item C Operators Missing From Perl
232 unary &, unary *, (TYPE)
234 =item Quote and Quote-like Operators
236 =item Regexp Quote-Like Operators
238 ?PATTERN?, m/PATTERN/cgimosx, /PATTERN/cgimosx, q/STRING/, C<'STRING'>,
239 qq/STRING/, "STRING", qr/STRING/imosx, qw/STRING/, qu/STRING/, qx/STRING/,
240 `STRING`, s/PATTERN/REPLACEMENT/egimosx, tr/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds,
241 y/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds
243 =item Gory details of parsing quoted constructs
245 Finding the end, Removal of backslashes before delimiters, Interpolation,
246 C<<<'EOF'>, C<m''>, C<s'''>, C<tr///>, C<y///>, C<''>, C<q//>, C<"">,
247 C<``>, C<qq//>, C<qx//>, C<< <file*glob> >>, C<?RE?>, C</RE/>, C<m/RE/>,
248 C<s/RE/foo/>,, Interpolation of regular expressions, Optimization of
253 =item Constant Folding
255 =item Bitwise String Operators
257 =item Integer Arithmetic
259 =item Floating-point Arithmetic
267 =head2 perlsub - Perl subroutines
277 =item Private Variables via my()
279 =item Persistent Private Variables
281 =item Temporary Values via local()
283 =item Lvalue subroutines
285 =item Passing Symbol Table Entries (typeglobs)
287 =item When to Still Use local()
289 =item Pass by Reference
293 =item Constant Functions
295 =item Overriding Built-in Functions
299 =item Subroutine Attributes
307 =head2 perlfunc - Perl builtin functions
315 =item Perl Functions by Category
317 Functions for SCALARs or strings, Regular expressions and pattern matching,
318 Numeric functions, Functions for real @ARRAYs, Functions for list data,
319 Functions for real %HASHes, Input and output functions, Functions for fixed
320 length data or records, Functions for filehandles, files, or directories,
321 Keywords related to the control flow of your perl program, Keywords related
322 to scoping, Miscellaneous functions, Functions for processes and process
323 groups, Keywords related to perl modules, Keywords related to classes and
324 object-orientedness, Low-level socket functions, System V interprocess
325 communication functions, Fetching user and group info, Fetching network
326 info, Time-related functions, Functions new in perl5, Functions obsoleted
331 =item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions
333 I<-X> FILEHANDLE, I<-X> EXPR, I<-X>, abs VALUE, abs, accept
334 NEWSOCKET,GENERICSOCKET, alarm SECONDS, alarm, atan2 Y,X, bind SOCKET,NAME,
335 binmode FILEHANDLE, DISCIPLINE, binmode FILEHANDLE, bless REF,CLASSNAME,
336 bless REF, caller EXPR, caller, chdir EXPR, chmod LIST, chomp VARIABLE,
337 chomp LIST, chomp, chop VARIABLE, chop LIST, chop, chown LIST, chr NUMBER,
338 chr, chroot FILENAME, chroot, close FILEHANDLE, close, closedir DIRHANDLE,
339 connect SOCKET,NAME, continue BLOCK, cos EXPR, cos, crypt PLAINTEXT,SALT,
340 dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MASK, defined EXPR, defined, delete
341 EXPR, die LIST, do BLOCK, do SUBROUTINE(LIST), do EXPR, dump LABEL, dump,
342 each HASH, eof FILEHANDLE, eof (), eof, eval EXPR, eval BLOCK, exec LIST,
343 exec PROGRAM LIST, exists EXPR, exit EXPR, exp EXPR, exp, fcntl
344 FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, fileno FILEHANDLE, flock FILEHANDLE,OPERATION,
345 fork, format, formline PICTURE,LIST, getc FILEHANDLE, getc, getlogin,
346 getpeername SOCKET, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority WHICH,WHO, getpwnam
347 NAME, getgrnam NAME, gethostbyname NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getprotobyname
348 NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getservbyname NAME,PROTO, gethostbyaddr
349 ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER,
350 getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent, gethostent, getnetent,
351 getprotoent, getservent, setpwent, setgrent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent
352 STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent,
353 endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent, endservent, getsockname SOCKET,
354 getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, glob, gmtime EXPR, goto LABEL,
355 goto EXPR, goto &NAME, grep BLOCK LIST, grep EXPR,LIST, hex EXPR, hex,
356 import, index STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, index STR,SUBSTR, int EXPR, int, ioctl
357 FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, join EXPR,LIST, keys HASH, kill SIGNAL, LIST,
358 last LABEL, last, lc EXPR, lc, lcfirst EXPR, lcfirst, length EXPR, length,
359 link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, listen SOCKET,QUEUESIZE, local EXPR, localtime EXPR,
360 lock, log EXPR, log, lstat EXPR, lstat, m//, map BLOCK LIST, map EXPR,LIST,
361 mkdir FILENAME,MASK, mkdir FILENAME, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget KEY,FLAGS,
362 msgrcv ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS, my EXPR, my EXPR :
363 ATTRIBUTES, next LABEL, next, no Module LIST, oct EXPR, oct, open
364 FILEHANDLE,MODE,LIST, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE, opendir
365 DIRHANDLE,EXPR, ord EXPR, ord, our EXPR, pack TEMPLATE,LIST, package
366 NAMESPACE, package, pipe READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, pop ARRAY, pop, pos
367 SCALAR, pos, print FILEHANDLE LIST, print LIST, print, printf FILEHANDLE
368 FORMAT, LIST, printf FORMAT, LIST, prototype FUNCTION, push ARRAY,LIST,
369 q/STRING/, qq/STRING/, qr/STRING/, qu/STRING/, qw/STRING/, qx/STRING/,
370 quotemeta EXPR, quotemeta, rand EXPR, rand, read
371 FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, readdir
372 DIRHANDLE, readline EXPR, readlink EXPR, readlink, readpipe EXPR, recv
373 SOCKET,SCALAR,LENGTH,FLAGS, redo LABEL, redo, ref EXPR, ref, rename
374 OLDNAME,NEWNAME, require VERSION, require EXPR, require, reset EXPR, reset,
375 return EXPR, return, reverse LIST, rewinddir DIRHANDLE, rindex
376 STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, rindex STR,SUBSTR, rmdir FILENAME, rmdir, s///, scalar
377 EXPR, seek FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, seekdir DIRHANDLE,POS, select
378 FILEHANDLE, select, select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, semctl
379 ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, send
380 SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS,TO, send SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS, setpgrp PID,PGRP, setpriority
381 WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shift ARRAY,
382 shift, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS, shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE,
383 shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, shutdown SOCKET,HOW, sin EXPR, sin, sleep
384 EXPR, sleep, socket SOCKET,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, socketpair
385 SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, sort SUBNAME LIST, sort BLOCK LIST,
386 sort LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,
387 splice ARRAY,OFFSET, splice ARRAY, split /PATTERN/,EXPR,LIMIT, split
388 /PATTERN/,EXPR, split /PATTERN/, split, sprintf FORMAT, LIST, sqrt EXPR,
389 sqrt, srand EXPR, srand, stat FILEHANDLE, stat EXPR, stat, study SCALAR,
390 study, sub BLOCK, sub NAME, sub NAME BLOCK, substr
391 EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH,REPLACEMENT, substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH, substr
392 EXPR,OFFSET, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen
393 FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE, sysopen FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, sysread
394 FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, sysread FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, sysseek
395 FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, system LIST, system PROGRAM LIST, syswrite
396 FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,
397 syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR, tell FILEHANDLE, tell, telldir DIRHANDLE, tie
398 VARIABLE,CLASSNAME,LIST, tied VARIABLE, time, times, tr///, truncate
399 FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, uc EXPR, uc, ucfirst EXPR,
400 ucfirst, umask EXPR, umask, undef EXPR, undef, unlink LIST, unlink, unpack
401 TEMPLATE,EXPR, untie VARIABLE, unshift ARRAY,LIST, use Module VERSION LIST,
402 use Module VERSION, use Module LIST, use Module, use VERSION, utime LIST,
403 values HASH, vec EXPR,OFFSET,BITS, wait, waitpid PID,FLAGS, wantarray, warn
404 LIST, write FILEHANDLE, write EXPR, write, y///
410 =head2 perlreftut - Mark's very short tutorial about references
416 =item Who Needs Complicated Data Structures?
424 =item Making References
426 =item Using References
444 =item Distribution Conditions
450 =head2 perldsc - Perl Data Structures Cookbook
456 arrays of arrays, hashes of arrays, arrays of hashes, hashes of hashes,
457 more elaborate constructs
461 =item COMMON MISTAKES
463 =item CAVEAT ON PRECEDENCE
465 =item WHY YOU SHOULD ALWAYS C<use strict>
471 =item ARRAYS OF ARRAYS
475 =item Declaration of a ARRAY OF ARRAYS
477 =item Generation of a ARRAY OF ARRAYS
479 =item Access and Printing of a ARRAY OF ARRAYS
483 =item HASHES OF ARRAYS
487 =item Declaration of a HASH OF ARRAYS
489 =item Generation of a HASH OF ARRAYS
491 =item Access and Printing of a HASH OF ARRAYS
495 =item ARRAYS OF HASHES
499 =item Declaration of a ARRAY OF HASHES
501 =item Generation of a ARRAY OF HASHES
503 =item Access and Printing of a ARRAY OF HASHES
507 =item HASHES OF HASHES
511 =item Declaration of a HASH OF HASHES
513 =item Generation of a HASH OF HASHES
515 =item Access and Printing of a HASH OF HASHES
519 =item MORE ELABORATE RECORDS
523 =item Declaration of MORE ELABORATE RECORDS
525 =item Declaration of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS
527 =item Generation of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS
539 =head2 perlrequick - Perl regular expressions quick start
549 =item Simple word matching
551 =item Using character classes
553 =item Matching this or that
555 =item Grouping things and hierarchical matching
557 =item Extracting matches
559 =item Matching repetitions
563 =item Search and replace
565 =item The split operator
573 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
577 =item Acknowledgments
583 =head2 perlpod - plain old documentation
591 =item Verbatim Paragraph
593 =item Command Paragraph
595 =item Ordinary Block of Text
599 =item Embedding Pods in Perl Modules
601 =item Common Pod Pitfalls
611 =head2 perlstyle - Perl style guide
619 =head2 perltrap - Perl traps for the unwary
637 =item Perl4 to Perl5 Traps
639 Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps, Parsing Traps, Numerical
640 Traps, General data type traps, Context Traps - scalar, list contexts,
641 Precedence Traps, General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc,
642 Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps, OS Traps, DBM Traps, Unclassified Traps
644 =item Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps
646 Discontinuance, Deprecation, BugFix, Discontinuance, Discontinuance,
647 Discontinuance, BugFix, Discontinuance, Discontinuance, BugFix,
648 Discontinuance, Deprecation, Discontinuance, Discontinuance
652 Parsing, Parsing, Parsing, Parsing
654 =item Numerical Traps
656 Numerical, Numerical, Numerical, Bitwise string ops
658 =item General data type traps
660 (Arrays), (Arrays), (Hashes), (Globs), (Globs), (Scalar String),
661 (Constants), (Scalars), (Variable Suicide)
663 =item Context Traps - scalar, list contexts
665 (list context), (scalar context), (scalar context), (list, builtin)
667 =item Precedence Traps
669 Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence,
672 =item General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc.
674 Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular
675 Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression,
678 =item Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps
680 (Signals), (Sort Subroutine), warn() won't let you specify a filehandle
686 =item Interpolation Traps
688 Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation,
689 Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation
695 =item Unclassified Traps
697 C<require>/C<do> trap using returned value, C<split> on empty string with
704 =head2 perlrun - how to execute the Perl interpreter
714 =item #! and quoting on non-Unix systems
716 OS/2, MS-DOS, Win95/NT, Macintosh, VMS
718 =item Location of Perl
720 =item Command Switches
722 B<-0>[I<digits>], B<-a>, B<-C>, B<-c>, B<-d>, B<-d:>I<foo[=bar,baz]>,
723 B<-D>I<letters>, B<-D>I<number>, B<-e> I<commandline>, B<-F>I<pattern>,
724 B<-h>, B<-i>[I<extension>], B<-I>I<directory>, B<-l>[I<octnum>],
725 B<-m>[B<->]I<module>, B<-M>[B<->]I<module>, B<-M>[B<->]I<'module ...'>,
726 B<-[mM]>[B<->]I<module=arg[,arg]...>, B<-n>, B<-p>, B<-P>, B<-s>, B<-S>,
727 B<-T>, B<-u>, B<-U>, B<-v>, B<-V>, B<-V:>I<name>, B<-w>, B<-W>, B<-X>,
734 HOME, LOGDIR, PATH, PERL5LIB, PERL5OPT, PERLLIB, PERL5DB, PERL5SHELL
735 (specific to the Win32 port), PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS, PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL,
736 PERL_ROOT (specific to the VMS port), SYS$LOGIN (specific to the VMS port)
740 =head2 perldiag - various Perl diagnostics
748 =head2 perllexwarn - Perl Lexical Warnings
756 =item Default Warnings and Optional Warnings
758 =item What's wrong with B<-w> and C<$^W>
760 =item Controlling Warnings from the Command Line
764 =item Backward Compatibility
766 =item Category Hierarchy
770 =item Reporting Warnings from a Module
782 =head2 perldebtut - Perl debugging tutorial
790 =item Looking at data and -w and w
794 =item Stepping through code
796 =item Placeholder for a, w, t, T
798 =item REGULAR EXPRESSIONS
816 =head2 perldebug - Perl debugging
822 =item The Perl Debugger
826 =item Debugger Commands
828 h [command], p expr, x expr, V [pkg [vars]], X [vars], T, s [expr], n
829 [expr], r, <CR>, c [line|sub], l, l min+incr, l min-max, l line, l subname,
830 -, w [line], f filename, /pattern/, ?pattern?, L, S [[!]regex], t, t expr,
831 b [line] [condition], b subname [condition], b postpone subname
832 [condition], b load filename, b compile subname, d [line], D, a [line]
833 command, a [line], A, W expr, W, O booloption .., O anyoption? .., O
834 option=value .., < ?, < [ command ], << command, > ?, > command, >>
835 command, { ?, { [ command ], {{ command, ! number, ! -number, ! pattern, !!
836 cmd, H -number, q or ^D, R, |dbcmd, ||dbcmd, command, m expr, man [manpage]
838 =item Configurable Options
840 C<recallCommand>, C<ShellBang>, C<pager>, C<tkRunning>, C<signalLevel>,
841 C<warnLevel>, C<dieLevel>, C<AutoTrace>, C<LineInfo>, C<inhibit_exit>,
842 C<PrintRet>, C<ornaments>, C<frame>, C<maxTraceLen>, C<arrayDepth>,
843 C<hashDepth>, C<compactDump>, C<veryCompact>, C<globPrint>, C<DumpDBFiles>,
844 C<DumpPackages>, C<DumpReused>, C<quote>, C<HighBit>, C<undefPrint>,
845 C<UsageOnly>, C<TTY>, C<noTTY>, C<ReadLine>, C<NonStop>
847 =item Debugger input/output
849 Prompt, Multiline commands, Stack backtrace, Line Listing Format, Frame
852 =item Debugging compile-time statements
854 =item Debugger Customization
856 =item Readline Support
858 =item Editor Support for Debugging
860 =item The Perl Profiler
864 =item Debugging regular expressions
866 =item Debugging memory usage
874 =head2 perlvar - Perl predefined variables
882 =item Predefined Names
884 $ARG, $_, $<I<digits>>, $MATCH, $&, $PREMATCH, $`, $POSTMATCH, $',
885 $LAST_PAREN_MATCH, $+, @LAST_MATCH_END, @+, $MULTILINE_MATCHING, $*,
886 input_line_number HANDLE EXPR, $INPUT_LINE_NUMBER, $NR, $,
887 input_record_separator HANDLE EXPR, $INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $RS, $/,
888 autoflush HANDLE EXPR, $OUTPUT_AUTOFLUSH, $|, output_field_separator HANDLE
889 EXPR, $OUTPUT_FIELD_SEPARATOR, $OFS, $,, output_record_separator HANDLE
890 EXPR, $OUTPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $ORS, $\, $LIST_SEPARATOR, $",
891 $SUBSCRIPT_SEPARATOR, $SUBSEP, $;, $OFMT, $#, format_page_number HANDLE
892 EXPR, $FORMAT_PAGE_NUMBER, $%, format_lines_per_page HANDLE EXPR,
893 $FORMAT_LINES_PER_PAGE, $=, format_lines_left HANDLE EXPR,
894 $FORMAT_LINES_LEFT, $-, @LAST_MATCH_START, @-, C<$`> is the same as
895 C<substr($var, 0, $-[0])>, C<$&> is the same as C<substr($var, $-[0], $+[0]
896 - $-[0])>, C<$'> is the same as C<substr($var, $+[0])>, C<$1> is the same
897 as C<substr($var, $-[1], $+[1] - $-[1])>, C<$2> is the same as
898 C<substr($var, $-[2], $+[2] - $-[2])>, C<$3> is the same as C<substr $var,
899 $-[3], $+[3] - $-[3])>, format_name HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_NAME, $~,
900 format_top_name HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_TOP_NAME, $^,
901 format_line_break_characters HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_LINE_BREAK_CHARACTERS,
902 $:, format_formfeed HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_FORMFEED, $^L, $ACCUMULATOR, $^A,
903 $CHILD_ERROR, $?, $OS_ERROR, $ERRNO, $!, $EXTENDED_OS_ERROR, $^E,
904 $EVAL_ERROR, $@, $PROCESS_ID, $PID, $$, $REAL_USER_ID, $UID, $<,
905 $EFFECTIVE_USER_ID, $EUID, $>, $REAL_GROUP_ID, $GID, $(,
906 $EFFECTIVE_GROUP_ID, $EGID, $), $PROGRAM_NAME, $0, $[, $], $COMPILING, $^C,
907 $DEBUGGING, $^D, $SYSTEM_FD_MAX, $^F, $^H, %^H, $INPLACE_EDIT, $^I, $^M,
908 $OSNAME, $^O, $PERLDB, $^P, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80,
909 0x100, 0x200, $LAST_REGEXP_CODE_RESULT, $^R, $EXCEPTIONS_BEING_CAUGHT, $^S,
910 $BASETIME, $^T, $PERL_VERSION, $^V, $WARNING, $^W, ${^WARNING_BITS},
911 ${^WIDE_SYSTEM_CALLS}, $EXECUTABLE_NAME, $^X, $ARGV, @ARGV, @INC, @_, %INC,
912 %ENV, $ENV{expr}, %SIG, $SIG{expr}
914 =item Error Indicators
916 =item Technical Note on the Syntax of Variable Names
924 =head2 perllol - Manipulating Arrays of Arrays in Perl
930 =item Declaration and Access of Arrays of Arrays
932 =item Growing Your Own
934 =item Access and Printing
944 =head2 perlopentut - tutorial on opening things in Perl
950 =item Open E<agrave> la shell
960 =item Mixing Reads and Writes
966 =item Open E<agrave> la C
970 =item Permissions E<agrave> la mode
974 =item Obscure Open Tricks
978 =item Re-Opening Files (dups)
980 =item Dispelling the Dweomer
984 =item Single Argument Open
986 =item Playing with STDIN and STDOUT
990 =item Other I/O Issues
994 =item Opening Non-File Files
1004 =item AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT
1010 =head2 perlretut - Perl regular expressions tutorial
1016 =item Part 1: The basics
1020 =item Simple word matching
1022 =item Using character classes
1024 =item Matching this or that
1026 =item Grouping things and hierarchical matching
1028 =item Extracting matches
1030 =item Matching repetitions
1032 =item Building a regexp
1034 =item Using regular expressions in Perl
1038 =item Part 2: Power tools
1042 =item More on characters, strings, and character classes
1044 =item Compiling and saving regular expressions
1046 =item Embedding comments and modifiers in a regular expression
1048 =item Non-capturing groupings
1050 =item Looking ahead and looking behind
1052 =item Using independent subexpressions to prevent backtracking
1054 =item Conditional expressions
1056 =item A bit of magic: executing Perl code in a regular expression
1058 =item Pragmas and debugging
1066 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1070 =item Acknowledgments
1076 =head2 perlre - Perl regular expressions
1086 =item Regular Expressions
1088 cntrl, graph, print, punct, xdigit
1090 =item Extended Patterns
1092 C<(?#text)>, C<(?imsx-imsx)>, C<(?:pattern)>, C<(?imsx-imsx:pattern)>,
1093 C<(?=pattern)>, C<(?!pattern)>, C<(?<=pattern)>, C<(?<!pattern)>, C<(?{
1094 code })>, C<(??{ code })>, C<< (?>pattern) >>,
1095 C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)>, C<(?(condition)yes-pattern)>
1099 =item Version 8 Regular Expressions
1101 =item Warning on \1 vs $1
1103 =item Repeated patterns matching zero-length substring
1105 =item Combining pieces together
1107 C<ST>, C<S|T>, C<S{REPEAT_COUNT}>, C<S{min,max}>, C<S{min,max}?>, C<S?>,
1108 C<S*>, C<S+>, C<S??>, C<S*?>, C<S+?>, C<< (?>S) >>, C<(?=S)>, C<(?<=S)>,
1109 C<(?!S)>, C<(?<!S)>, C<(??{ EXPR })>,
1110 C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)>
1112 =item Creating custom RE engines
1122 =head2 perlref - Perl references and nested data structures
1132 =item Making References
1134 =item Using References
1136 =item Symbolic references
1138 =item Not-so-symbolic references
1140 =item Pseudo-hashes: Using an array as a hash
1142 =item Function Templates
1152 =head2 perlform - Perl formats
1160 =item Format Variables
1170 =item Accessing Formatting Internals
1178 =head2 perlboot - Beginner's Object-Oriented Tutorial
1186 =item If we could talk to the animals...
1188 =item Introducing the method invocation arrow
1190 =item Invoking a barnyard
1192 =item The extra parameter of method invocation
1194 =item Calling a second method to simplify things
1196 =item Inheriting the windpipes
1198 =item A few notes about @ISA
1200 =item Overriding the methods
1202 =item Starting the search from a different place
1204 =item The SUPER way of doing things
1206 =item Where we're at so far...
1208 =item A horse is a horse, of course of course -- or is it?
1210 =item Invoking an instance method
1212 =item Accessing the instance data
1214 =item How to build a horse
1216 =item Inheriting the constructor
1218 =item Making a method work with either classes or instances
1220 =item Adding parameters to a method
1222 =item More interesting instances
1224 =item A horse of a different color
1236 =head2 perltoot - Tom's object-oriented tutorial for perl
1242 =item Creating a Class
1246 =item Object Representation
1248 =item Class Interface
1250 =item Constructors and Instance Methods
1252 =item Planning for the Future: Better Constructors
1256 =item Other Object Methods
1264 =item Accessing Class Data
1266 =item Debugging Methods
1268 =item Class Destructors
1270 =item Documenting the Interface
1280 =item Overridden Methods
1282 =item Multiple Inheritance
1284 =item UNIVERSAL: The Root of All Objects
1288 =item Alternate Object Representations
1292 =item Arrays as Objects
1294 =item Closures as Objects
1298 =item AUTOLOAD: Proxy Methods
1302 =item Autoloaded Data Methods
1304 =item Inherited Autoloaded Data Methods
1308 =item Metaclassical Tools
1314 =item Data Members as Variables
1322 =item Object Terminology
1328 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1334 =item Acknowledgments
1340 =head2 perltootc - Tom's OO Tutorial for Class Data in Perl
1346 =item Class Data in a Can
1348 =item Class Data as Package Variables
1352 =item Putting All Your Eggs in One Basket
1354 =item Inheritance Concerns
1356 =item The Eponymous Meta-Object
1358 =item Indirect References to Class Data
1360 =item Monadic Classes
1362 =item Translucent Attributes
1366 =item Class Data as Lexical Variables
1370 =item Privacy and Responsibility
1372 =item File-Scoped Lexicals
1374 =item More Inheritance Concerns
1376 =item Locking the Door and Throwing Away the Key
1378 =item Translucency Revisited
1386 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1388 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
1394 =head2 perlobj - Perl objects
1402 =item An Object is Simply a Reference
1404 =item A Class is Simply a Package
1406 =item A Method is Simply a Subroutine
1408 =item Method Invocation
1412 =item Default UNIVERSAL methods
1414 isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] )
1420 =item Two-Phased Garbage Collection
1428 =head2 perlbot - Bag'o Object Tricks (the BOT)
1434 =item OO SCALING TIPS
1436 =item INSTANCE VARIABLES
1438 =item SCALAR INSTANCE VARIABLES
1440 =item INSTANCE VARIABLE INHERITANCE
1442 =item OBJECT RELATIONSHIPS
1444 =item OVERRIDING SUPERCLASS METHODS
1446 =item USING RELATIONSHIP WITH SDBM
1448 =item THINKING OF CODE REUSE
1450 =item CLASS CONTEXT AND THE OBJECT
1452 =item INHERITING A CONSTRUCTOR
1458 =head2 perltie - how to hide an object class in a simple variable
1470 TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, UNTIE this,
1475 TIEARRAY classname, LIST, FETCH this, index, STORE this, index, value,
1476 FETCHSIZE this, STORESIZE this, count, EXTEND this, count, EXISTS this,
1477 key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, PUSH this, LIST, POP this, SHIFT this,
1478 UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST, UNTIE this, DESTROY
1483 USER, HOME, CLOBBER, LIST, TIEHASH classname, LIST, FETCH this, key, STORE
1484 this, key, value, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, EXISTS this, key, FIRSTKEY
1485 this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, UNTIE this, DESTROY this
1487 =item Tying FileHandles
1489 TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, WRITE this, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this,
1490 LIST, READ this, LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, CLOSE this, UNTIE this,
1495 =item The C<untie> Gotcha
1507 =head2 perlipc - Perl interprocess communication (signals, fifos, pipes,
1508 safe subprocesses, sockets, and semaphores)
1524 =item Using open() for IPC
1530 =item Background Processes
1532 =item Complete Dissociation of Child from Parent
1534 =item Safe Pipe Opens
1536 =item Bidirectional Communication with Another Process
1538 =item Bidirectional Communication with Yourself
1542 =item Sockets: Client/Server Communication
1546 =item Internet Line Terminators
1548 =item Internet TCP Clients and Servers
1550 =item Unix-Domain TCP Clients and Servers
1554 =item TCP Clients with IO::Socket
1558 =item A Simple Client
1560 C<Proto>, C<PeerAddr>, C<PeerPort>
1562 =item A Webget Client
1564 =item Interactive Client with IO::Socket
1568 =item TCP Servers with IO::Socket
1570 Proto, LocalPort, Listen, Reuse
1572 =item UDP: Message Passing
1586 =head2 perlfork - Perl's fork() emulation
1596 =item Behavior of other Perl features in forked pseudo-processes
1598 $$ or $PROCESS_ID, %ENV, chdir() and all other builtins that accept
1599 filenames, wait() and waitpid(), kill(), exec(), exit(), Open handles to
1600 files, directories and network sockets
1602 =item Resource limits
1604 =item Killing the parent process
1606 =item Lifetime of the parent process and pseudo-processes
1608 =item CAVEATS AND LIMITATIONS
1610 BEGIN blocks, Open filehandles, Forking pipe open() not yet implemented,
1611 Global state maintained by XSUBs, Interpreter embedded in larger
1612 application, Thread-safety of extensions
1624 =head2 perlnumber - semantics of numbers and numeric operations in Perl
1632 =item Storing numbers
1634 =item Numeric operators and numeric conversions
1636 =item Flavors of Perl numeric operations
1638 Arithmetic operators except, C<no integer>, Arithmetic operators except,
1639 C<use integer>, Bitwise operators, C<no integer>, Bitwise operators, C<use
1640 integer>, Operators which expect an integer, Operators which expect a
1649 =head2 perlthrtut - tutorial on threads in Perl
1655 =item What Is A Thread Anyway?
1657 =item Threaded Program Models
1669 =item Native threads
1671 =item What kind of threads are perl threads?
1673 =item Threadsafe Modules
1679 =item Basic Thread Support
1681 =item Creating Threads
1683 =item Giving up control
1685 =item Waiting For A Thread To Exit
1687 =item Errors In Threads
1689 =item Ignoring A Thread
1693 =item Threads And Data
1697 =item Shared And Unshared Data
1699 =item Thread Pitfall: Races
1701 =item Controlling access: lock()
1703 =item Thread Pitfall: Deadlocks
1705 =item Queues: Passing Data Around
1709 =item Threads And Code
1713 =item Semaphores: Synchronizing Data Access
1715 Basic semaphores, Advanced Semaphores
1717 =item Attributes: Restricting Access To Subroutines
1719 =item Subroutine Locks
1723 =item Locking A Subroutine
1727 =item General Thread Utility Routines
1731 =item What Thread Am I In?
1735 =item Are These Threads The Same?
1737 =item What Threads Are Running?
1741 =item A Complete Example
1749 =item Introductory Texts
1751 =item OS-Related References
1753 =item Other References
1757 =item Acknowledgements
1765 =head2 perlport - Writing portable Perl
1771 Not all Perl programs have to be portable, Nearly all of Perl already I<is>
1780 =item Numbers endianness and Width
1782 =item Files and Filesystems
1784 =item System Interaction
1786 =item Interprocess Communication (IPC)
1788 =item External Subroutines (XS)
1790 =item Standard Modules
1794 =item Character sets and character encoding
1796 =item Internationalisation
1798 =item System Resources
1808 Mailing list: cpan-testers@perl.org, Testing results:
1809 http://testers.cpan.org/
1817 =item DOS and Derivatives
1819 Build instructions for OS/2, L<perlos2>
1827 =item EBCDIC Platforms
1835 =item FUNCTION IMPLEMENTATIONS
1839 =item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions
1841 -I<X> FILEHANDLE, -I<X> EXPR, -I<X>, alarm SECONDS, alarm, binmode
1842 FILEHANDLE, chmod LIST, chown LIST, chroot FILENAME, chroot, crypt
1843 PLAINTEXT,SALT, dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MODE, dump LABEL, exec
1844 LIST, fcntl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, flock FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, fork,
1845 getlogin, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority WHICH,WHO, getpwnam NAME,
1846 getgrnam NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getnetbyaddr
1847 ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER, getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent,
1848 getgrent, gethostent, getnetent, getprotoent, getservent, setpwent,
1849 setgrent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN,
1850 setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent, endhostent, endnetent,
1851 endprotoent, endservent, getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, glob,
1852 ioctl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, kill SIGNAL, LIST, link OLDFILE,NEWFILE,
1853 lstat FILEHANDLE, lstat EXPR, lstat, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget KEY,FLAGS,
1854 msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS, msgrcv ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR,
1855 open FILEHANDLE, pipe READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, readlink EXPR, readlink,
1856 select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, semctl ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget
1857 KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, setgrent, setpgrp PID,PGRP,
1858 setpriority WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setpwent, setsockopt
1859 SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS,
1860 shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE, shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, socketpair
1861 SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, stat FILEHANDLE, stat EXPR, stat,
1862 symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen
1863 FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, system LIST, times, truncate
1864 FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, umask EXPR, umask, utime LIST,
1865 wait, waitpid PID,FLAGS
1871 v1.47, 22 March 2000, v1.46, 12 February 2000, v1.45, 20 December 1999,
1872 v1.44, 19 July 1999, v1.43, 24 May 1999, v1.42, 22 May 1999, v1.41, 19 May
1873 1999, v1.40, 11 April 1999, v1.39, 11 February 1999, v1.38, 31 December
1874 1998, v1.37, 19 December 1998, v1.36, 9 September 1998, v1.35, 13 August
1875 1998, v1.33, 06 August 1998, v1.32, 05 August 1998, v1.30, 03 August 1998,
1878 =item Supported Platforms
1882 =item AUTHORS / CONTRIBUTORS
1888 =head2 perllocale - Perl locale handling (internationalization and
1895 =item PREPARING TO USE LOCALES
1901 =item The use locale pragma
1903 =item The setlocale function
1905 =item Finding locales
1907 =item LOCALE PROBLEMS
1909 =item Temporarily fixing locale problems
1911 =item Permanently fixing locale problems
1913 =item Permanently fixing your system's locale configuration
1915 =item Fixing system locale configuration
1917 =item The localeconv function
1921 =item LOCALE CATEGORIES
1925 =item Category LC_COLLATE: Collation
1927 =item Category LC_CTYPE: Character Types
1929 =item Category LC_NUMERIC: Numeric Formatting
1931 =item Category LC_MONETARY: Formatting of monetary amounts
1935 =item Other categories
1943 PERL_BADLANG, LC_ALL, LANGUAGE, LC_CTYPE, LC_COLLATE, LC_MONETARY,
1944 LC_NUMERIC, LC_TIME, LANG
1950 =item Backward compatibility
1952 =item I18N:Collate obsolete
1954 =item Sort speed and memory use impacts
1956 =item write() and LC_NUMERIC
1958 =item Freely available locale definitions
1962 =item An imperfect standard
1970 =item Broken systems
1980 =head2 perlunicode - Unicode support in Perl
1988 =item Important Caveat
1990 Input and Output Disciplines, Regular Expressions, C<use utf8> still needed
1991 to enable a few features
1993 =item Byte and Character semantics
1995 =item Effects of character semantics
1997 =item Character encodings for input and output
2007 =head2 perlebcdic - Considerations for running Perl on EBCDIC platforms
2013 =item COMMON CHARACTER CODE SETS
2021 =item Latin 1 (ISO 8859-1)
2025 =item 13 variant characters
2035 =item SINGLE OCTET TABLES
2037 recipe 0, recipe 1, recipe 2, recipe 3, recipe 4
2039 =item IDENTIFYING CHARACTER CODE SETS
2053 =item OPERATOR DIFFERENCES
2055 =item FUNCTION DIFFERENCES
2057 chr(), ord(), pack(), print(), printf(), sort(), sprintf(), unpack()
2059 =item REGULAR EXPRESSION DIFFERENCES
2067 =item Ignore ASCII vs. EBCDIC sort differences.
2069 =item MONO CASE then sort data.
2071 =item Convert, sort data, then re convert.
2073 =item Perform sorting on one type of machine only.
2077 =item TRANFORMATION FORMATS
2081 =item URL decoding and encoding
2083 =item uu encoding and decoding
2085 =item Quoted-Printable encoding and decoding
2087 =item Caesarian cyphers
2091 =item Hashing order and checksums
2095 =item MULTI OCTET CHARACTER SETS
2107 chcp, dataset access, OS/390 iconv, locales
2125 =head2 perlsec - Perl security
2133 =item Laundering and Detecting Tainted Data
2135 =item Switches On the "#!" Line
2137 =item Cleaning Up Your Path
2141 =item Protecting Your Programs
2149 =head2 perlmod - Perl modules (packages and symbol tables)
2161 =item Package Constructors and Destructors
2173 =head2 perlmodlib - constructing new Perl modules and finding existing ones
2179 =item THE PERL MODULE LIBRARY
2183 =item Pragmatic Modules
2185 attributes, attrs, autouse, base, blib, bytes, charnames, constant,
2186 diagnostics, fields, filetest, integer, less, locale, open, ops, overload,
2187 perlio, re, sigtrap, strict, subs, utf8, vars, warnings, warnings::register
2189 =item Standard Modules
2191 AnyDBM_File, AutoLoader, AutoSplit, B, B::Asmdata, B::Assembler, B::Bblock,
2192 B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Debug, B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint,
2193 B::Showlex, B::Stackobj, B::Stash, B::Terse, B::Xref, Benchmark,
2194 ByteLoader, CGI, CGI::Apache, CGI::Carp, CGI::Cookie, CGI::Fast,
2195 CGI::Pretty, CGI::Push, CGI::Switch, CPAN, CPAN::FirstTime, CPAN::Nox,
2196 Carp, Class::Struct, Cwd, DB, DB_File, Devel::SelfStubber, DirHandle,
2197 Dumpvalue, Encode, English, Env, Exporter, Exporter::Heavy,
2198 ExtUtils::Command, ExtUtils::Embed, ExtUtils::Install, ExtUtils::Installed,
2199 ExtUtils::Liblist, ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin, ExtUtils::MM_OS2,
2200 ExtUtils::MM_Unix, ExtUtils::MM_VMS, ExtUtils::MM_Win32,
2201 ExtUtils::MakeMaker, ExtUtils::Manifest, ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap,
2202 ExtUtils::Mksymlists, ExtUtils::Packlist, ExtUtils::testlib, Fatal, Fcntl,
2203 File::Basename, File::CheckTree, File::Compare, File::Copy, File::DosGlob,
2204 File::Find, File::Path, File::Spec, File::Spec::Epoc,
2205 File::Spec::Functions, File::Spec::Mac, File::Spec::OS2, File::Spec::Unix,
2206 File::Spec::VMS, File::Spec::Win32, File::Temp, File::stat, FileCache,
2207 FileHandle, Filter::Simple, FindBin, Getopt::Long, Getopt::Std,
2208 I18N::Collate, IO, IPC::Open2, IPC::Open3, Math::BigFloat, Math::BigInt,
2209 Math::Complex, Math::Trig, NDBM_File, Net::Ping, Net::hostent, Net::netent,
2210 Net::protoent, Net::servent, O, ODBM_File, Opcode, Pod::Checker, Pod::Find,
2211 Pod::Html, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::LaTeX, Pod::Man, Pod::ParseUtils,
2212 Pod::Parser, Pod::Plainer, Pod::Select, Pod::Text, Pod::Text::Color,
2213 Pod::Text::Termcap, Pod::Usage, SDBM_File, Safe, Search::Dict, SelectSaver,
2214 SelfLoader, Shell, Socket, Storable, Symbol, Term::ANSIColor, Term::Cap,
2215 Term::Complete, Term::ReadLine, Test, Test::Harness, Text::Abbrev,
2216 Text::ParseWords, Text::Soundex, Text::Wrap, Tie::Array, Tie::Handle,
2217 Tie::Hash, Tie::RefHash, Tie::Scalar, Tie::SubstrHash, Time::Local,
2218 Time::gmtime, Time::localtime, Time::tm, UNIVERSAL, User::grent,
2221 =item Extension Modules
2227 Africa, Asia, Australasia, Central America, Europe, North America, South
2230 =item Modules: Creation, Use, and Abuse
2234 =item Guidelines for Module Creation
2236 Do similar modules already exist in some form?, Try to design the new
2237 module to be easy to extend and reuse, Some simple style guidelines, Select
2238 what to export, Select a name for the module, Have you got it right?,
2239 README and other Additional Files, A description of the
2240 module/package/extension etc, A copyright notice - see below, Prerequisites
2241 - what else you may need to have, How to build it - possible changes to
2242 Makefile.PL etc, How to install it, Recent changes in this release,
2243 especially incompatibilities, Changes / enhancements you plan to make in
2244 the future, Adding a Copyright Notice, Give the module a
2245 version/issue/release number, How to release and distribute a module, Take
2246 care when changing a released module
2248 =item Guidelines for Converting Perl 4 Library Scripts into Modules
2250 There is no requirement to convert anything, Consider the implications,
2251 Make the most of the opportunity, The pl2pm utility will get you started,
2252 Adds the standard Module prologue lines, Converts package specifiers from '
2253 to ::, Converts die(...) to croak(...), Several other minor changes
2255 =item Guidelines for Reusing Application Code
2263 =head2 perlmodinstall - Installing CPAN Modules
2273 B<DECOMPRESS> the file, B<UNPACK> the file into a directory, B<BUILD> the
2274 module (sometimes unnecessary), B<INSTALL> the module
2288 =head2 perlnewmod - preparing a new module for distribution
2298 =item What should I make into a module?
2300 =item Step-by-step: Preparing the ground
2302 Look around, Check it's new, Discuss the need, Choose a name, Check again
2304 =item Step-by-step: Making the module
2306 Start with F<h2xs>, Use L<strict|strict> and L<warnings|warnings>, Use
2307 L<Carp|Carp>, Use L<Exporter|Exporter> - wisely!, Use L<plain old
2308 documentation|perlpod>, Write tests, Write the README
2310 =item Step-by-step: Distributing your module
2312 Get a CPAN user ID, C<perl Makefile.PL; make test; make dist>, Upload the
2313 tarball, Announce to the modules list, Announce to clpa, Fix bugs!
2323 =head2 perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl ($Revision: 1.23 $, $Date:
2324 1999/05/23 16:08:30 $)
2334 =item Who supports Perl? Who develops it? Why is it free?
2336 =item Which version of Perl should I use?
2338 =item What are perl4 and perl5?
2340 =item What is perl6?
2342 =item How stable is Perl?
2344 =item Is Perl difficult to learn?
2346 =item How does Perl compare with other languages like Java, Python, REXX,
2349 =item Can I do [task] in Perl?
2351 =item When shouldn't I program in Perl?
2353 =item What's the difference between "perl" and "Perl"?
2355 =item Is it a Perl program or a Perl script?
2357 =item What is a JAPH?
2359 =item Where can I get a list of Larry Wall witticisms?
2361 =item How can I convince my sysadmin/supervisor/employees to use version
2362 5/5.005/Perl instead of some other language?
2366 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
2370 =head2 perlfaq2 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl ($Revision: 1.32 $,
2371 $Date: 1999/10/14 18:46:09 $)
2379 =item What machines support Perl? Where do I get it?
2381 =item How can I get a binary version of Perl?
2383 =item I don't have a C compiler on my system. How can I compile perl?
2385 =item I copied the Perl binary from one machine to another, but scripts
2388 =item I grabbed the sources and tried to compile but gdbm/dynamic
2389 loading/malloc/linking/... failed. How do I make it work?
2391 =item What modules and extensions are available for Perl? What is CPAN?
2392 What does CPAN/src/... mean?
2394 =item Is there an ISO or ANSI certified version of Perl?
2396 =item Where can I get information on Perl?
2398 =item What are the Perl newsgroups on Usenet? Where do I post questions?
2400 =item Where should I post source code?
2404 References, Tutorials, Task-Oriented, Special Topics
2406 =item Perl in Magazines
2408 =item Perl on the Net: FTP and WWW Access
2410 =item What mailing lists are there for Perl?
2412 =item Archives of comp.lang.perl.misc
2414 =item Where can I buy a commercial version of Perl?
2416 =item Where do I send bug reports?
2418 =item What is perl.com? Perl Mongers? pm.org? perl.org?
2422 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
2426 =head2 perlfaq3 - Programming Tools ($Revision: 1.38 $, $Date: 1999/05/23
2435 =item How do I do (anything)?
2437 =item How can I use Perl interactively?
2439 =item Is there a Perl shell?
2441 =item How do I debug my Perl programs?
2443 =item How do I profile my Perl programs?
2445 =item How do I cross-reference my Perl programs?
2447 =item Is there a pretty-printer (formatter) for Perl?
2449 =item Is there a ctags for Perl?
2451 =item Is there an IDE or Windows Perl Editor?
2453 =item Where can I get Perl macros for vi?
2455 =item Where can I get perl-mode for emacs?
2457 =item How can I use curses with Perl?
2459 =item How can I use X or Tk with Perl?
2461 =item How can I generate simple menus without using CGI or Tk?
2463 =item What is undump?
2465 =item How can I make my Perl program run faster?
2467 =item How can I make my Perl program take less memory?
2469 =item Is it unsafe to return a pointer to local data?
2471 =item How can I free an array or hash so my program shrinks?
2473 =item How can I make my CGI script more efficient?
2475 =item How can I hide the source for my Perl program?
2477 =item How can I compile my Perl program into byte code or C?
2479 =item How can I compile Perl into Java?
2481 =item How can I get C<#!perl> to work on [MS-DOS,NT,...]?
2483 =item Can I write useful Perl programs on the command line?
2485 =item Why don't Perl one-liners work on my DOS/Mac/VMS system?
2487 =item Where can I learn about CGI or Web programming in Perl?
2489 =item Where can I learn about object-oriented Perl programming?
2491 =item Where can I learn about linking C with Perl? [h2xs, xsubpp]
2493 =item I've read perlembed, perlguts, etc., but I can't embed perl in
2494 my C program; what am I doing wrong?
2496 =item When I tried to run my script, I got this message. What does it
2499 =item What's MakeMaker?
2503 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
2507 =head2 perlfaq4 - Data Manipulation ($Revision: 1.49 $, $Date: 1999/05/23
2518 =item Why am I getting long decimals (eg, 19.9499999999999) instead of the
2519 numbers I should be getting (eg, 19.95)?
2521 =item Why isn't my octal data interpreted correctly?
2523 =item Does Perl have a round() function? What about ceil() and floor()?
2526 =item How do I convert bits into ints?
2528 =item Why doesn't & work the way I want it to?
2530 =item How do I multiply matrices?
2532 =item How do I perform an operation on a series of integers?
2534 =item How can I output Roman numerals?
2536 =item Why aren't my random numbers random?
2544 =item How do I find the week-of-the-year/day-of-the-year?
2546 =item How do I find the current century or millennium?
2548 =item How can I compare two dates and find the difference?
2550 =item How can I take a string and turn it into epoch seconds?
2552 =item How can I find the Julian Day?
2554 =item How do I find yesterday's date?
2556 =item Does Perl have a Year 2000 problem? Is Perl Y2K compliant?
2564 =item How do I validate input?
2566 =item How do I unescape a string?
2568 =item How do I remove consecutive pairs of characters?
2570 =item How do I expand function calls in a string?
2572 =item How do I find matching/nesting anything?
2574 =item How do I reverse a string?
2576 =item How do I expand tabs in a string?
2578 =item How do I reformat a paragraph?
2580 =item How can I access/change the first N letters of a string?
2582 =item How do I change the Nth occurrence of something?
2584 =item How can I count the number of occurrences of a substring within a
2587 =item How do I capitalize all the words on one line?
2589 =item How can I split a [character] delimited string except when inside
2590 [character]? (Comma-separated files)
2592 =item How do I strip blank space from the beginning/end of a string?
2594 =item How do I pad a string with blanks or pad a number with zeroes?
2596 =item How do I extract selected columns from a string?
2598 =item How do I find the soundex value of a string?
2600 =item How can I expand variables in text strings?
2602 =item What's wrong with always quoting "$vars"?
2604 =item Why don't my <<HERE documents work?
2606 1. There must be no space after the << part, 2. There (probably) should be
2607 a semicolon at the end, 3. You can't (easily) have any space in front of
2616 =item What is the difference between a list and an array?
2618 =item What is the difference between $array[1] and @array[1]?
2620 =item How can I remove duplicate elements from a list or array?
2624 =item How can I tell whether a list or array contains a certain element?
2626 =item How do I compute the difference of two arrays? How do I compute the
2627 intersection of two arrays?
2629 =item How do I test whether two arrays or hashes are equal?
2631 =item How do I find the first array element for which a condition is true?
2633 =item How do I handle linked lists?
2635 =item How do I handle circular lists?
2637 =item How do I shuffle an array randomly?
2639 =item How do I process/modify each element of an array?
2641 =item How do I select a random element from an array?
2643 =item How do I permute N elements of a list?
2645 =item How do I sort an array by (anything)?
2647 =item How do I manipulate arrays of bits?
2649 =item Why does defined() return true on empty arrays and hashes?
2653 =item Data: Hashes (Associative Arrays)
2657 =item How do I process an entire hash?
2659 =item What happens if I add or remove keys from a hash while iterating over
2662 =item How do I look up a hash element by value?
2664 =item How can I know how many entries are in a hash?
2666 =item How do I sort a hash (optionally by value instead of key)?
2668 =item How can I always keep my hash sorted?
2670 =item What's the difference between "delete" and "undef" with hashes?
2672 =item Why don't my tied hashes make the defined/exists distinction?
2674 =item How do I reset an each() operation part-way through?
2676 =item How can I get the unique keys from two hashes?
2678 =item How can I store a multidimensional array in a DBM file?
2680 =item How can I make my hash remember the order I put elements into it?
2682 =item Why does passing a subroutine an undefined element in a hash create
2685 =item How can I make the Perl equivalent of a C structure/C++ class/hash or
2686 array of hashes or arrays?
2688 =item How can I use a reference as a hash key?
2696 =item How do I handle binary data correctly?
2698 =item How do I determine whether a scalar is a number/whole/integer/float?
2700 =item How do I keep persistent data across program calls?
2702 =item How do I print out or copy a recursive data structure?
2704 =item How do I define methods for every class/object?
2706 =item How do I verify a credit card checksum?
2708 =item How do I pack arrays of doubles or floats for XS code?
2712 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
2716 =head2 perlfaq5 - Files and Formats ($Revision: 1.38 $, $Date: 1999/05/23
2725 =item How do I flush/unbuffer an output filehandle? Why must I do this?
2727 =item How do I change one line in a file/delete a line in a file/insert a
2728 line in the middle of a file/append to the beginning of a file?
2730 =item How do I count the number of lines in a file?
2732 =item How do I make a temporary file name?
2734 =item How can I manipulate fixed-record-length files?
2736 =item How can I make a filehandle local to a subroutine? How do I pass
2737 filehandles between subroutines? How do I make an array of filehandles?
2739 =item How can I use a filehandle indirectly?
2741 =item How can I set up a footer format to be used with write()?
2743 =item How can I write() into a string?
2745 =item How can I output my numbers with commas added?
2747 =item How can I translate tildes (~) in a filename?
2749 =item How come when I open a file read-write it wipes it out?
2751 =item Why do I sometimes get an "Argument list too long" when I use <*>?
2753 =item Is there a leak/bug in glob()?
2755 =item How can I open a file with a leading ">" or trailing blanks?
2757 =item How can I reliably rename a file?
2759 =item How can I lock a file?
2761 =item Why can't I just open(FH, ">file.lock")?
2763 =item I still don't get locking. I just want to increment the number in
2764 the file. How can I do this?
2766 =item How do I randomly update a binary file?
2768 =item How do I get a file's timestamp in perl?
2770 =item How do I set a file's timestamp in perl?
2772 =item How do I print to more than one file at once?
2774 =item How can I read in an entire file all at once?
2776 =item How can I read in a file by paragraphs?
2778 =item How can I read a single character from a file? From the keyboard?
2780 =item How can I tell whether there's a character waiting on a filehandle?
2782 =item How do I do a C<tail -f> in perl?
2784 =item How do I dup() a filehandle in Perl?
2786 =item How do I close a file descriptor by number?
2788 =item Why can't I use "C:\temp\foo" in DOS paths? What doesn't
2789 `C:\temp\foo.exe` work?
2791 =item Why doesn't glob("*.*") get all the files?
2793 =item Why does Perl let me delete read-only files? Why does C<-i> clobber
2794 protected files? Isn't this a bug in Perl?
2796 =item How do I select a random line from a file?
2798 =item Why do I get weird spaces when I print an array of lines?
2802 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
2806 =head2 perlfaq6 - Regexes ($Revision: 1.27 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 16:08:30 $)
2814 =item How can I hope to use regular expressions without creating illegible
2815 and unmaintainable code?
2817 Comments Outside the Regex, Comments Inside the Regex, Different Delimiters
2819 =item I'm having trouble matching over more than one line. What's wrong?
2821 =item How can I pull out lines between two patterns that are themselves on
2824 =item I put a regular expression into $/ but it didn't work. What's wrong?
2826 =item How do I substitute case insensitively on the LHS while preserving
2829 =item How can I make C<\w> match national character sets?
2831 =item How can I match a locale-smart version of C</[a-zA-Z]/>?
2833 =item How can I quote a variable to use in a regex?
2835 =item What is C</o> really for?
2837 =item How do I use a regular expression to strip C style comments from a
2840 =item Can I use Perl regular expressions to match balanced text?
2842 =item What does it mean that regexes are greedy? How can I get around it?
2844 =item How do I process each word on each line?
2846 =item How can I print out a word-frequency or line-frequency summary?
2848 =item How can I do approximate matching?
2850 =item How do I efficiently match many regular expressions at once?
2852 =item Why don't word-boundary searches with C<\b> work for me?
2854 =item Why does using $&, $`, or $' slow my program down?
2856 =item What good is C<\G> in a regular expression?
2858 =item Are Perl regexes DFAs or NFAs? Are they POSIX compliant?
2860 =item What's wrong with using grep or map in a void context?
2862 =item How can I match strings with multibyte characters?
2864 =item How do I match a pattern that is supplied by the user?
2868 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
2872 =head2 perlfaq7 - Perl Language Issues ($Revision: 1.28 $, $Date:
2873 1999/05/23 20:36:18 $)
2881 =item Can I get a BNF/yacc/RE for the Perl language?
2883 =item What are all these $@%&* punctuation signs, and how do I know when to
2886 =item Do I always/never have to quote my strings or use semicolons and
2889 =item How do I skip some return values?
2891 =item How do I temporarily block warnings?
2893 =item What's an extension?
2895 =item Why do Perl operators have different precedence than C operators?
2897 =item How do I declare/create a structure?
2899 =item How do I create a module?
2901 =item How do I create a class?
2903 =item How can I tell if a variable is tainted?
2905 =item What's a closure?
2907 =item What is variable suicide and how can I prevent it?
2909 =item How can I pass/return a {Function, FileHandle, Array, Hash, Method,
2912 Passing Variables and Functions, Passing Filehandles, Passing Regexes,
2915 =item How do I create a static variable?
2917 =item What's the difference between dynamic and lexical (static) scoping?
2918 Between local() and my()?
2920 =item How can I access a dynamic variable while a similarly named lexical
2923 =item What's the difference between deep and shallow binding?
2925 =item Why doesn't "my($foo) = <FILE>;" work right?
2927 =item How do I redefine a builtin function, operator, or method?
2929 =item What's the difference between calling a function as &foo and foo()?
2931 =item How do I create a switch or case statement?
2933 =item How can I catch accesses to undefined variables/functions/methods?
2935 =item Why can't a method included in this same file be found?
2937 =item How can I find out my current package?
2939 =item How can I comment out a large block of perl code?
2941 =item How do I clear a package?
2943 =item How can I use a variable as a variable name?
2947 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
2951 =head2 perlfaq8 - System Interaction ($Revision: 1.39 $, $Date: 1999/05/23
2960 =item How do I find out which operating system I'm running under?
2962 =item How come exec() doesn't return?
2964 =item How do I do fancy stuff with the keyboard/screen/mouse?
2966 Keyboard, Screen, Mouse
2968 =item How do I print something out in color?
2970 =item How do I read just one key without waiting for a return key?
2972 =item How do I check whether input is ready on the keyboard?
2974 =item How do I clear the screen?
2976 =item How do I get the screen size?
2978 =item How do I ask the user for a password?
2980 =item How do I read and write the serial port?
2982 lockfiles, open mode, end of line, flushing output, non-blocking input
2984 =item How do I decode encrypted password files?
2986 =item How do I start a process in the background?
2988 STDIN, STDOUT, and STDERR are shared, Signals, Zombies
2990 =item How do I trap control characters/signals?
2992 =item How do I modify the shadow password file on a Unix system?
2994 =item How do I set the time and date?
2996 =item How can I sleep() or alarm() for under a second?
2998 =item How can I measure time under a second?
3000 =item How can I do an atexit() or setjmp()/longjmp()? (Exception handling)
3002 =item Why doesn't my sockets program work under System V (Solaris)? What
3003 does the error message "Protocol not supported" mean?
3005 =item How can I call my system's unique C functions from Perl?
3007 =item Where do I get the include files to do ioctl() or syscall()?
3009 =item Why do setuid perl scripts complain about kernel problems?
3011 =item How can I open a pipe both to and from a command?
3013 =item Why can't I get the output of a command with system()?
3015 =item How can I capture STDERR from an external command?
3017 =item Why doesn't open() return an error when a pipe open fails?
3019 =item What's wrong with using backticks in a void context?
3021 =item How can I call backticks without shell processing?
3023 =item Why can't my script read from STDIN after I gave it EOF (^D on Unix,
3026 =item How can I convert my shell script to perl?
3028 =item Can I use perl to run a telnet or ftp session?
3030 =item How can I write expect in Perl?
3032 =item Is there a way to hide perl's command line from programs such as
3035 =item I {changed directory, modified my environment} in a perl script. How
3036 come the change disappeared when I exited the script? How do I get my
3037 changes to be visible?
3041 =item How do I close a process's filehandle without waiting for it to
3044 =item How do I fork a daemon process?
3046 =item How do I find out if I'm running interactively or not?
3048 =item How do I timeout a slow event?
3050 =item How do I set CPU limits?
3052 =item How do I avoid zombies on a Unix system?
3054 =item How do I use an SQL database?
3056 =item How do I make a system() exit on control-C?
3058 =item How do I open a file without blocking?
3060 =item How do I install a module from CPAN?
3062 =item What's the difference between require and use?
3064 =item How do I keep my own module/library directory?
3066 =item How do I add the directory my program lives in to the module/library
3069 =item How do I add a directory to my include path at runtime?
3071 =item What is socket.ph and where do I get it?
3075 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
3079 =head2 perlfaq9 - Networking ($Revision: 1.26 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 16:08:30
3088 =item My CGI script runs from the command line but not the browser. (500
3091 =item How can I get better error messages from a CGI program?
3093 =item How do I remove HTML from a string?
3095 =item How do I extract URLs?
3097 =item How do I download a file from the user's machine? How do I open a
3098 file on another machine?
3100 =item How do I make a pop-up menu in HTML?
3102 =item How do I fetch an HTML file?
3104 =item How do I automate an HTML form submission?
3106 =item How do I decode or create those %-encodings on the web?
3108 =item How do I redirect to another page?
3110 =item How do I put a password on my web pages?
3112 =item How do I edit my .htpasswd and .htgroup files with Perl?
3114 =item How do I make sure users can't enter values into a form that cause my
3115 CGI script to do bad things?
3117 =item How do I parse a mail header?
3119 =item How do I decode a CGI form?
3121 =item How do I check a valid mail address?
3123 =item How do I decode a MIME/BASE64 string?
3125 =item How do I return the user's mail address?
3127 =item How do I send mail?
3129 =item How do I read mail?
3131 =item How do I find out my hostname/domainname/IP address?
3133 =item How do I fetch a news article or the active newsgroups?
3135 =item How do I fetch/put an FTP file?
3137 =item How can I do RPC in Perl?
3141 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
3145 =head2 perlcompile - Introduction to the Perl Compiler-Translator
3155 B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Lint, B::Deparse, B::Xref
3159 =item Using The Back Ends
3163 =item The Cross Referencing Back End
3167 =item The Decompiling Back End
3169 =item The Lint Back End
3171 =item The Simple C Back End
3173 =item The Bytecode Back End
3175 =item The Optimized C Back End
3177 B, O, B::Asmdata, B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC,
3178 B::Debug, B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex, B::Stackobj,
3179 B::Stash, B::Terse, B::Xref
3183 =item KNOWN PROBLEMS
3189 =head2 perlembed - how to embed perl in your C program
3199 B<Use C from Perl?>, B<Use a Unix program from Perl?>, B<Use Perl from
3200 Perl?>, B<Use C from C?>, B<Use Perl from C?>
3204 =item Compiling your C program
3206 =item Adding a Perl interpreter to your C program
3208 =item Calling a Perl subroutine from your C program
3210 =item Evaluating a Perl statement from your C program
3212 =item Performing Perl pattern matches and substitutions from your C program
3214 =item Fiddling with the Perl stack from your C program
3216 =item Maintaining a persistent interpreter
3218 =item Maintaining multiple interpreter instances
3220 =item Using Perl modules, which themselves use C libraries, from your C
3225 =item Embedding Perl under Win32
3235 =head2 perldebguts - Guts of Perl debugging
3241 =item Debugger Internals
3245 =item Writing Your Own Debugger
3249 =item Frame Listing Output Examples
3251 =item Debugging regular expressions
3255 =item Compile-time output
3257 C<anchored> I<STRING> C<at> I<POS>, C<floating> I<STRING> C<at>
3258 I<POS1..POS2>, C<matching floating/anchored>, C<minlen>, C<stclass>
3259 I<TYPE>, C<noscan>, C<isall>, C<GPOS>, C<plus>, C<implicit>, C<with eval>,
3262 =item Types of nodes
3264 =item Run-time output
3268 =item Debugging Perl memory usage
3272 =item Using C<$ENV{PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS}>
3274 C<buckets SMALLEST(APPROX)..GREATEST(APPROX)>, Free/Used, C<Total sbrk():
3275 SBRKed/SBRKs:CONTINUOUS>, C<pad: 0>, C<heads: 2192>, C<chain: 0>, C<tail:
3278 =item Example of using B<-DL> switch
3280 C<717>, C<002>, C<054>, C<602>, C<702>, C<704>
3282 =item B<-DL> details
3286 =item Limitations of B<-DL> statistics
3294 =head2 perlxstut, perlXStut - Tutorial for writing XSUBs
3306 =item Version caveat
3308 =item Dynamic Loading versus Static Loading
3320 =item What has gone on?
3322 =item Writing good test scripts
3326 =item What's new here?
3328 =item Input and Output Parameters
3330 =item The XSUBPP Program
3332 =item The TYPEMAP file
3334 =item Warning about Output Arguments
3338 =item What has happened here?
3340 =item Anatomy of .xs file
3342 =item Getting the fat out of XSUBs
3344 =item More about XSUB arguments
3346 =item The Argument Stack
3348 =item Extending your Extension
3350 =item Documenting your Extension
3352 =item Installing your Extension
3356 =item New Things in this Example
3360 =item New Things in this Example
3362 =item EXAMPLE 7 (Coming Soon)
3364 =item EXAMPLE 8 (Coming Soon)
3366 =item EXAMPLE 9 (Coming Soon)
3368 =item Troubleshooting these Examples
3384 =head2 perlxs - XS language reference manual
3396 =item The Anatomy of an XSUB
3398 =item The Argument Stack
3400 =item The RETVAL Variable
3402 =item The MODULE Keyword
3404 =item The PACKAGE Keyword
3406 =item The PREFIX Keyword
3408 =item The OUTPUT: Keyword
3410 =item The NO_OUTPUT Keyword
3412 =item The CODE: Keyword
3414 =item The INIT: Keyword
3416 =item The NO_INIT Keyword
3418 =item Initializing Function Parameters
3420 =item Default Parameter Values
3422 =item The PREINIT: Keyword
3424 =item The SCOPE: Keyword
3426 =item The INPUT: Keyword
3428 =item The IN/OUTLIST/IN_OUTLIST/OUT/IN_OUT Keywords
3430 =item Variable-length Parameter Lists
3432 =item The C_ARGS: Keyword
3434 =item The PPCODE: Keyword
3436 =item Returning Undef And Empty Lists
3438 =item The REQUIRE: Keyword
3440 =item The CLEANUP: Keyword
3442 =item The POST_CALL: Keyword
3444 =item The BOOT: Keyword
3446 =item The VERSIONCHECK: Keyword
3448 =item The PROTOTYPES: Keyword
3450 =item The PROTOTYPE: Keyword
3452 =item The ALIAS: Keyword
3454 =item The INTERFACE: Keyword
3456 =item The INTERFACE_MACRO: Keyword
3458 =item The INCLUDE: Keyword
3460 =item The CASE: Keyword
3462 =item The & Unary Operator
3464 =item Inserting POD, Comments and C Preprocessor Directives
3466 =item Using XS With C++
3468 =item Interface Strategy
3470 =item Perl Objects And C Structures
3484 =head2 perlguts - Introduction to the Perl API
3496 =item What is an "IV"?
3498 =item Working with SVs
3502 =item What's Really Stored in an SV?
3504 =item Working with AVs
3506 =item Working with HVs
3508 =item Hash API Extensions
3512 =item Blessed References and Class Objects
3514 =item Creating New Variables
3516 =item Reference Counts and Mortality
3518 =item Stashes and Globs
3520 =item Double-Typed SVs
3522 =item Magic Variables
3524 =item Assigning Magic
3526 =item Magic Virtual Tables
3530 =item Understanding the Magic of Tied Hashes and Arrays
3532 =item Localizing changes
3534 C<SAVEINT(int i)>, C<SAVEIV(IV i)>, C<SAVEI32(I32 i)>, C<SAVELONG(long i)>,
3535 C<SAVESPTR(s)>, C<SAVEPPTR(p)>, C<SAVEFREESV(SV *sv)>, C<SAVEFREEOP(OP
3536 *op)>, C<SAVEFREEPV(p)>, C<SAVECLEARSV(SV *sv)>, C<SAVEDELETE(HV *hv, char
3537 *key, I32 length)>, C<SAVEDESTRUCTOR(DESTRUCTORFUNC_NOCONTEXT_t f, void
3538 *p)>, C<SAVEDESTRUCTOR_X(DESTRUCTORFUNC_t f, void *p)>, C<SAVESTACK_POS()>,
3539 C<SV* save_scalar(GV *gv)>, C<AV* save_ary(GV *gv)>, C<HV* save_hash(GV
3540 *gv)>, C<void save_item(SV *item)>, C<void save_list(SV **sarg, I32
3541 maxsarg)>, C<SV* save_svref(SV **sptr)>, C<void save_aptr(AV **aptr)>,
3542 C<void save_hptr(HV **hptr)>
3550 =item XSUBs and the Argument Stack
3552 =item Calling Perl Routines from within C Programs
3554 =item Memory Allocation
3558 =item Putting a C value on Perl stack
3562 =item Scratchpads and recursion
3572 =item Examining the tree
3574 =item Compile pass 1: check routines
3576 =item Compile pass 1a: constant folding
3578 =item Compile pass 2: context propagation
3580 =item Compile pass 3: peephole optimization
3584 =item Examining internal data structures with the C<dump> functions
3586 =item How multiple interpreters and concurrency are supported
3590 =item Background and PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
3592 =item How do I use all this in extensions?
3594 =item Future Plans and PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
3598 =item Internal Functions
3600 A, p, d, s, n, r, f, m, o, j, x
3604 =item Formatted Printing of IVs, UVs, and NVs
3606 =item Pointer-To-Integer and Integer-To-Pointer
3608 =item Source Documentation
3612 =item Unicode Support
3616 =item What B<is> Unicode, anyway?
3618 =item How can I recognise a UTF8 string?
3620 =item How does UTF8 represent Unicode characters?
3622 =item How does Perl store UTF8 strings?
3624 =item How do I convert a string to UTF8?
3626 =item Is there anything else I need to know?
3636 =head2 perlcall - Perl calling conventions from C
3642 An Error Handler, An Event Driven Program
3644 =item THE CALL_ FUNCTIONS
3646 call_sv, call_pv, call_method, call_argv
3666 =item Determining the Context
3670 =item KNOWN PROBLEMS
3676 =item No Parameters, Nothing returned
3678 =item Passing Parameters
3680 =item Returning a Scalar
3682 =item Returning a list of values
3684 =item Returning a list in a scalar context
3686 =item Returning Data from Perl via the parameter list
3690 =item Using G_KEEPERR
3694 =item Using call_argv
3696 =item Using call_method
3700 =item Using Perl to dispose of temporaries
3702 =item Strategies for storing Callback Context Information
3704 1. Ignore the problem - Allow only 1 callback, 2. Create a sequence of
3705 callbacks - hard wired limit, 3. Use a parameter to map to the Perl
3708 =item Alternate Stack Manipulation
3710 =item Creating and calling an anonymous subroutine in C
3722 =head2 perlutil - utilities packaged with the Perl distribution
3732 L<perldoc|perldoc>, L<pod2man|pod2man> and L<pod2text|pod2text>,
3733 L<pod2html|pod2html> and L<pod2latex|pod2latex>, L<pod2usage|pod2usage>,
3734 L<podselect|podselect>, L<podchecker|podchecker>, L<splain|splain>,
3735 L<roffitall|roffitall>
3739 L<a2p|a2p>, L<s2p|s2p>, L<find2perl|find2perl>
3743 L<perlbug|perlbug>, L<h2ph|h2ph>, L<c2ph|c2ph> and L<pstruct|pstruct>,
3744 L<h2xs|h2xs>, L<dprofpp|dprofpp>, L<perlcc|perlcc>
3752 =head2 perlfilter - Source Filters
3762 =item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER
3764 =item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN C
3766 B<Decryption Filters>
3768 =item CREATING A SOURCE FILTER AS A SEPARATE EXECUTABLE
3770 =item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN PERL
3772 =item USING CONTEXT: THE DEBUG FILTER
3784 =head2 perldbmfilter - Perl DBM Filters
3792 B<filter_store_key>, B<filter_store_value>, B<filter_fetch_key>,
3793 B<filter_fetch_value>
3799 =item An Example -- the NULL termination problem.
3801 =item Another Example -- Key is a C int.
3811 =head2 perlapi - autogenerated documentation for the perl public API
3817 AvFILL, av_clear, av_delete, av_exists, av_extend, av_fetch, av_fill,
3818 av_len, av_make, av_pop, av_push, av_shift, av_store, av_undef, av_unshift,
3819 bytes_from_utf8, bytes_to_utf8, call_argv, call_method, call_pv, call_sv,
3820 CLASS, Copy, croak, CvSTASH, cv_const_sv, dMARK, dORIGMARK, dSP, dXSARGS,
3821 dXSI32, ENTER, eval_pv, eval_sv, EXTEND, fbm_compile, fbm_instr, FREETMPS,
3822 get_av, get_cv, get_hv, get_sv, GIMME, GIMME_V, GvSV, gv_fetchmeth,
3823 gv_fetchmethod, gv_fetchmethod_autoload, gv_stashpv, gv_stashsv, G_ARRAY,
3824 G_DISCARD, G_EVAL, G_NOARGS, G_SCALAR, G_VOID, HEf_SVKEY, HeHASH, HeKEY,
3825 HeKLEN, HePV, HeSVKEY, HeSVKEY_force, HeSVKEY_set, HeVAL, HvNAME, hv_clear,
3826 hv_delete, hv_delete_ent, hv_exists, hv_exists_ent, hv_fetch, hv_fetch_ent,
3827 hv_iterinit, hv_iterkey, hv_iterkeysv, hv_iternext, hv_iternextsv,
3828 hv_iterval, hv_magic, hv_store, hv_store_ent, hv_undef, isALNUM, isALPHA,
3829 isDIGIT, isLOWER, isSPACE, isUPPER, is_utf8_char, is_utf8_string, items,
3830 ix, LEAVE, looks_like_number, MARK, mg_clear, mg_copy, mg_find, mg_free,
3831 mg_get, mg_length, mg_magical, mg_set, Move, New, newAV, Newc, newCONSTSUB,
3832 newHV, newRV_inc, newRV_noinc, NEWSV, newSViv, newSVnv, newSVpv, newSVpvf,
3833 newSVpvn, newSVpvn_share, newSVrv, newSVsv, newSVuv, newXS, newXSproto,
3834 Newz, Nullav, Nullch, Nullcv, Nullhv, Nullsv, ORIGMARK, perl_alloc,
3835 perl_construct, perl_destruct, perl_free, perl_parse, perl_run,
3836 PL_modglobal, PL_na, PL_sv_no, PL_sv_undef, PL_sv_yes, POPi, POPl, POPn,
3837 POPp, POPs, PUSHi, PUSHMARK, PUSHn, PUSHp, PUSHs, PUSHu, PUTBACK, Renew,
3838 Renewc, require_pv, RETVAL, Safefree, savepv, savepvn, SAVETMPS, SP,
3839 SPAGAIN, ST, strEQ, strGE, strGT, strLE, strLT, strNE, strnEQ, strnNE,
3840 StructCopy, SvCUR, SvCUR_set, SvEND, SvGETMAGIC, SvGROW, SvIOK, SvIOKp,
3841 SvIOK_notUV, SvIOK_off, SvIOK_on, SvIOK_only, SvIOK_only_UV, SvIOK_UV,
3842 SvIV, SvIVX, SvLEN, SvNIOK, SvNIOKp, SvNIOK_off, SvNOK, SvNOKp, SvNOK_off,
3843 SvNOK_on, SvNOK_only, SvNV, SvNVX, SvOK, SvOOK, SvPOK, SvPOKp, SvPOK_off,
3844 SvPOK_on, SvPOK_only, SvPOK_only_UTF8, SvPV, SvPVX, SvPV_force, SvPV_nolen,
3845 SvREFCNT, SvREFCNT_dec, SvREFCNT_inc, SvROK, SvROK_off, SvROK_on, SvRV,
3846 SvSETMAGIC, SvSetSV, SvSetSV_nosteal, SvSTASH, SvTAINT, SvTAINTED,
3847 SvTAINTED_off, SvTAINTED_on, SvTRUE, svtype, SvTYPE, SVt_IV, SVt_NV,
3848 SVt_PV, SVt_PVAV, SVt_PVCV, SVt_PVHV, SVt_PVMG, SvUOK, SvUPGRADE, SvUTF8,
3849 SvUTF8_off, SvUTF8_on, SvUV, SvUVX, sv_2mortal, sv_bless, sv_catpv,
3850 sv_catpvf, sv_catpvf_mg, sv_catpvn, sv_catpvn_mg, sv_catpv_mg, sv_catsv,
3851 sv_catsv_mg, sv_chop, sv_clear, sv_cmp, sv_cmp_locale, sv_dec,
3852 sv_derived_from, sv_eq, sv_free, sv_gets, sv_grow, sv_inc, sv_insert,
3853 sv_isa, sv_isobject, sv_len, sv_len_utf8, sv_magic, sv_mortalcopy,
3854 sv_newmortal, sv_pvn_force, sv_pvutf8n_force, sv_reftype, sv_replace,
3855 sv_rvweaken, sv_setiv, sv_setiv_mg, sv_setnv, sv_setnv_mg, sv_setpv,
3856 sv_setpvf, sv_setpvf_mg, sv_setpviv, sv_setpviv_mg, sv_setpvn,
3857 sv_setpvn_mg, sv_setpv_mg, sv_setref_iv, sv_setref_nv, sv_setref_pv,
3858 sv_setref_pvn, sv_setsv, sv_setsv_mg, sv_setuv, sv_setuv_mg, sv_true,
3859 sv_unmagic, sv_unref, sv_unref_flags, sv_upgrade, sv_usepvn, sv_usepvn_mg,
3860 sv_utf8_downgrade, sv_utf8_encode, sv_utf8_upgrade, sv_vcatpvfn,
3861 sv_vsetpvfn, THIS, toLOWER, toUPPER, utf8_distance, utf8_hop, utf8_length,
3862 utf8_to_bytes, utf8_to_uv, utf8_to_uv_simple, uv_to_utf8, warn, XPUSHi,
3863 XPUSHn, XPUSHp, XPUSHs, XPUSHu, XS, XSRETURN, XSRETURN_EMPTY, XSRETURN_IV,
3864 XSRETURN_NO, XSRETURN_NV, XSRETURN_PV, XSRETURN_UNDEF, XSRETURN_YES,
3865 XST_mIV, XST_mNO, XST_mNV, XST_mPV, XST_mUNDEF, XST_mYES, XS_VERSION,
3866 XS_VERSION_BOOTCHECK, Zero
3874 =head2 perlintern - autogenerated documentation of purely B<internal>
3881 djSP, is_gv_magical, LVRET, PL_DBsingle, PL_DBsub, PL_DBtrace, PL_dowarn,
3882 PL_last_in_gv, PL_ofs_sv, PL_rs, start_glob
3890 =head2 perliol - C API for Perl's implementation of IO in Layers.
3900 =item History and Background
3902 =item Layers vs Disciplines
3904 =item Data Structures
3906 1. The functions and attributes of the "layer class", 2. The per-instance
3907 data for a particular handle
3909 =item Functions and Attributes
3911 1. Opening and setup functions, 2. Basic IO operations, 3. Stdio class
3912 buffering options, 4. Functions to support Perl's traditional "fast" access
3915 =item Per-instance Data
3917 =item Layers in action.
3919 =item Per-instance flag bits
3921 PERLIO_F_EOF, PERLIO_F_CANWRITE, PERLIO_F_CANREAD, PERLIO_F_ERROR,
3922 PERLIO_F_TRUNCATE, PERLIO_F_APPEND, PERLIO_F_CRLF, PERLIO_F_UTF8,
3923 PERLIO_F_UNBUF, PERLIO_F_WRBUF, PERLIO_F_RDBUF, PERLIO_F_LINEBUF,
3924 PERLIO_F_TEMP, PERLIO_F_OPEN, PERLIO_F_FASTGETS
3926 =item Methods in Detail
3928 IV (*Fileno)(PerlIO *f);, PerlIO * (*Fdopen)(PerlIO_funcs
3929 *tab, int fd, const char *mode);, PerlIO * (*Open)(PerlIO_funcs *tab,
3930 const char *path, const char *mode);, int (*Reopen)(const char
3931 *path, const char *mode, PerlIO *f);, IV (*Pushed)(PerlIO
3932 *f,const char *mode,const char *arg,STRLEN len);, IV
3933 (*Popped)(PerlIO *f);, SSize_t (*Read)(PerlIO *f, void *vbuf, Size_t
3934 count);, SSize_t (*Unread)(PerlIO *f, const void *vbuf, Size_t count);,
3935 SSize_t (*Write)(PerlIO *f, const void *vbuf, Size_t count);, IV
3936 (*Seek)(PerlIO *f, Off_t offset, int whence);, Off_t
3937 (*Tell)(PerlIO *f);, IV (*Close)(PerlIO *f);, IV
3938 (*Flush)(PerlIO *f);, IV (*Fill)(PerlIO *f);, IV
3939 (*Eof)(PerlIO *f);, IV (*Error)(PerlIO *f);, void
3940 (*Clearerr)(PerlIO *f);, void (*Setlinebuf)(PerlIO *f);,
3941 STDCHAR * (*Get_base)(PerlIO *f);, Size_t
3942 (*Get_bufsiz)(PerlIO *f);, STDCHAR * (*Get_ptr)(PerlIO *f);, SSize_t
3943 (*Get_cnt)(PerlIO *f);, void (*Set_ptrcnt)(PerlIO *f,STDCHAR
3948 "unix", "perlio", "stdio", "crlf", "mmap", "pending", "raw", "utf8"
3950 =item Extension Layers
3958 =head2 perlapio - perl's IO abstraction interface.
3966 1. USE_STDIO, 2. USE_SFIO, 3. USE_PERLIO, B<PerlIO_stdin()>,
3967 B<PerlIO_stdout()>, B<PerlIO_stderr()>, B<PerlIO_open(path, mode)>,
3968 B<PerlIO_fdopen(fd,mode)>, B<PerlIO_reopen(path,mode,f)>,
3969 B<PerlIO_printf(f,fmt,...)>, B<PerlIO_vprintf(f,fmt,a)>,
3970 B<PerlIO_stdoutf(fmt,...)>, B<PerlIO_read(f,buf,count)>,
3971 B<PerlIO_write(f,buf,count)>, B<PerlIO_close(f)>, B<PerlIO_puts(f,s)>,
3972 B<PerlIO_putc(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_ungetc(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_getc(f)>,
3973 B<PerlIO_eof(f)>, B<PerlIO_error(f)>, B<PerlIO_fileno(f)>,
3974 B<PerlIO_clearerr(f)>, B<PerlIO_flush(f)>, B<PerlIO_seek(f,offset,whence)>,
3975 B<PerlIO_tell(f)>, B<PerlIO_getpos(f,p)>, B<PerlIO_setpos(f,p)>,
3976 B<PerlIO_rewind(f)>, B<PerlIO_tmpfile()>, B<PerlIO_setlinebuf(f)>
3980 =item Co-existence with stdio
3982 B<PerlIO_importFILE(f,flags)>, B<PerlIO_exportFILE(f,flags)>,
3983 B<PerlIO_findFILE(f)>, B<PerlIO_releaseFILE(p,f)>
3985 =item "Fast gets" Functions
3987 B<PerlIO_fast_gets(f)>, B<PerlIO_has_cntptr(f)>, B<PerlIO_get_cnt(f)>,
3988 B<PerlIO_get_ptr(f)>, B<PerlIO_set_ptrcnt(f,p,c)>, B<PerlIO_canset_cnt(f)>,
3989 B<PerlIO_set_cnt(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_has_base(f)>, B<PerlIO_get_base(f)>,
3990 B<PerlIO_get_bufsiz(f)>
3992 =item Other Functions
3994 PerlIO_apply_layers(f,mode,layers), PerlIO_binmode(f,ptype,imode,layers),
3995 'E<lt>' read, 'E<gt>' write, '+' read/write, PerlIO_debug(fmt,...)
4001 =head2 perltodo - Perl TO-DO List
4007 =item Infrastructure
4011 =item Mailing list archives
4013 =item Bug tracking system
4015 =item Regression Tests
4017 Coverage, Regression, __DIE__, suidperl, The 25% slowdown from perl4 to
4038 Named prototypes, Indirect objects, Method calls, Context, Scoped subs
4042 =item Perl Internals
4048 =item Garbage Collection
4050 =item Reliable signals
4052 Alternate runops() for signal despatch, Figure out how to die() in delayed
4053 sighandler, Add tests for Thread::Signal, Automatic tests against CPAN
4055 =item Interpolated regex performance bugs
4057 =item Memory leaks from failed eval/regcomp
4059 =item Make XS easier to use
4061 =item Make embedded Perl easier to use
4063 =item Namespace cleanup
4075 =item A clear division into tutorial and reference
4077 =item Remove the artificial distinction between operators and functions
4079 =item More tutorials
4081 Regular expressions, I/O, pack/unpack, Debugging
4083 =item Include a search tool
4085 =item Include a locate tool
4087 =item Separate function manpages by default
4089 =item Users can't find the manpages
4091 =item Install ALL Documentation
4093 =item Outstanding issues to be documented
4095 =item Adapt www.linuxhq.com for Perl
4097 =item Replace man with a perl program
4099 =item Unicode tutorial
4107 =item Update the POSIX extension to conform with the POSIX 1003.1 Edition 2
4109 =item Module versions
4117 VecArray, SubstrArray, VirtualArray, ShiftSplice
4119 =item Procedural options
4123 =item y2k localtime/gmtime
4125 =item Export File::Find variables
4129 =item Debugger attach/detach
4131 =item Regular Expression debugger
4133 =item Alternative RE Syntax
4135 =item Bundled modules
4141 =item Update semibroken auxiliary tools; h2ph, a2p, etc.
4157 =item POSIX on non-POSIX
4159 =item Portable installations
4167 =item Rename new headers to be consistent with the rest
4169 =item Sort out the spawnvp() mess
4171 =item Work out DLL versioning
4177 =item Would be nice to have
4179 C<pack "(stuff)*">, Contiguous bitfields in pack/unpack, lexperl, Bundled
4180 perl preprocessor, Use posix calls internally where possible, format
4181 BOTTOM, -i rename file only when successfully changed, All ARGV input
4182 should act like <>, report HANDLE [formats], support in perlmain to rerun
4183 debugger, lvalue functions
4185 =item Possible pragmas
4197 =item constant function cache
4199 =item foreach(reverse...)
4201 =item Cache eval tree
4205 =item Shrink opcode tables
4207 =item Cache hash value
4209 =item Optimize away @_ where possible
4211 =item Optimize sort by { $a <=> $b }
4213 =item Rewrite regexp parser for better integrated optimization
4217 =item Vague possibilities
4219 ref function in list context, make tr/// return histogram in list context?,
4220 Loop control on do{} et al, Explicit switch statements, compile to real
4221 threaded code, structured types, Modifiable $1 et al
4223 =item To Do Or Not To Do
4227 =item Making my() work on "package" variables
4229 =item "or" testing defined not truth
4231 =item "dynamic" lexicals
4233 =item "class"-based, rather than package-based "lexicals"
4249 =item External threads
4255 =item Per-thread GVs
4267 =item Precompiled modules
4271 =item Typed lexicals
4281 =item Cached compilation
4285 =item Recently Finished Tasks
4289 =item Figure a way out of $^(capital letter)
4295 =item Namespace cleanup
4307 =head2 perlhack - How to hack at the Perl internals
4313 Does concept match the general goals of Perl?, Where is the
4314 implementation?, Backwards compatibility, Could it be a module instead?, Is
4315 the feature generic enough?, Does it potentially introduce new bugs?, Does
4316 it preclude other desirable features?, Is the implementation robust?, Is
4317 the implementation generic enough to be portable?, Is there enough
4318 documentation?, Is there another way to do it?, Does it create too much
4319 work?, Patches speak louder than words
4323 =item Keeping in sync
4325 rsync'ing the source tree, Using rsync over the LAN, Using pushing over the
4326 NFS, rsync'ing the patches, It's easier, It's more recent, It's more
4327 reliable, It's easier, It's a good reference, Finding a start point,
4328 Finding how to fix a bug, Finding the source of misbehaviour
4330 =item Submitting patches
4332 L<perlguts>, L<perlxstut> and L<perlxs>, L<perlapi>,
4333 F<Porting/pumpkin.pod>, The perl5-porters FAQ
4335 =item Finding Your Way Around
4337 Core modules, Documentation, Configure, Interpreter
4339 =item Elements of the interpreter
4341 Startup, Parsing, Optimization, Running
4343 =item Internal Variable Types
4349 Argument stack, Mark stack, Save stack
4351 =item Millions of Macros
4353 =item Poking at Perl
4355 =item Using a source-level debugger
4357 run [args], break function_name, break source.c:xxx, step, next, continue,
4358 finish, 'enter', print
4360 =item Dumping Perl Data Structures
4366 =item EXTERNAL TOOLS FOR DEBUGGING PERL
4370 =item Rational Software's Purify
4372 =item Purify on Unix
4374 -Accflags=-DPURIFY, -Doptimize='-g', -Uusemymalloc, -Dusemultiplicity
4378 DEFINES, USE_MULTI = define, #PERL_MALLOC = define, CFG = Debug
4382 I<The Road goes ever on and on, down from the door where it began.>
4390 =head2 perlhist - the Perl history records
4398 =item THE KEEPERS OF THE PUMPKIN
4410 =item SELECTED RELEASE SIZES
4412 =item SELECTED PATCH SIZES
4416 =item THE KEEPERS OF THE RECORDS
4420 =head2 perldelta - what's new for perl v5.7.0
4426 =item Security Vulnerability Closed
4428 =item Incompatible Changes
4430 =item Core Enhancements
4432 =item Modules and Pragmata
4438 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
4442 =item Utility Changes
4444 =item New Documentation
4446 =item Performance Enhancements
4448 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
4452 =item Generic Improvements
4456 =item Selected Bug Fixes
4460 =item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
4464 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
4466 =item Changed Internals
4468 =item Known Problems
4472 =item Unicode Support Still Far From Perfect
4474 =item EBCDIC Still A Lost Platform
4476 =item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
4478 =item ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
4480 =item Test lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
4482 =item Long Doubles Still Don't Work In Solaris
4484 =item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
4486 =item sprintf tests 129 and 130
4488 =item Storable tests fail in some platforms
4490 =item Threads Are Still Experimental
4492 =item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental
4496 =item Reporting Bugs
4504 =head2 perl56delta, perldelta - what's new for perl v5.6.0
4510 =item Core Enhancements
4514 =item Interpreter cloning, threads, and concurrency
4516 =item Lexically scoped warning categories
4518 =item Unicode and UTF-8 support
4520 =item Support for interpolating named characters
4522 =item "our" declarations
4524 =item Support for strings represented as a vector of ordinals
4526 =item Improved Perl version numbering system
4528 =item New syntax for declaring subroutine attributes
4530 =item File and directory handles can be autovivified
4532 =item open() with more than two arguments
4534 =item 64-bit support
4536 =item Large file support
4542 =item Enhanced support for sort() subroutines
4544 =item C<sort $coderef @foo> allowed
4546 =item File globbing implemented internally
4548 =item Support for CHECK blocks
4550 =item POSIX character class syntax [: :] supported
4552 =item Better pseudo-random number generator
4554 =item Improved C<qw//> operator
4556 =item Better worst-case behavior of hashes
4558 =item pack() format 'Z' supported
4560 =item pack() format modifier '!' supported
4562 =item pack() and unpack() support counted strings
4564 =item Comments in pack() templates
4566 =item Weak references
4568 =item Binary numbers supported
4570 =item Lvalue subroutines
4572 =item Some arrows may be omitted in calls through references
4574 =item Boolean assignment operators are legal lvalues
4576 =item exists() is supported on subroutine names
4578 =item exists() and delete() are supported on array elements
4580 =item Pseudo-hashes work better
4582 =item Automatic flushing of output buffers
4584 =item Better diagnostics on meaningless filehandle operations
4586 =item Where possible, buffered data discarded from duped input filehandle
4588 =item eof() has the same old magic as <>
4590 =item binmode() can be used to set :crlf and :raw modes
4592 =item C<-T> filetest recognizes UTF-8 encoded files as "text"
4594 =item system(), backticks and pipe open now reflect exec() failure
4596 =item Improved diagnostics
4598 =item Diagnostics follow STDERR
4600 =item More consistent close-on-exec behavior
4602 =item syswrite() ease-of-use
4604 =item Better syntax checks on parenthesized unary operators
4606 =item Bit operators support full native integer width
4608 =item Improved security features
4610 =item More functional bareword prototype (*)
4612 =item C<require> and C<do> may be overridden
4614 =item $^X variables may now have names longer than one character
4616 =item New variable $^C reflects C<-c> switch
4618 =item New variable $^V contains Perl version as a string
4620 =item Optional Y2K warnings
4622 =item Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings
4626 =item Modules and Pragmata
4632 attributes, B, Benchmark, ByteLoader, constant, charnames, Data::Dumper,
4633 DB, DB_File, Devel::DProf, Devel::Peek, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, English,
4634 Env, Fcntl, File::Compare, File::Find, File::Glob, File::Spec,
4635 File::Spec::Functions, Getopt::Long, IO, JPL, lib, Math::BigInt,
4636 Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Pod::Parser, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Checker,
4637 podchecker, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Find, Pod::Select, podselect, Pod::Usage,
4638 pod2usage, Pod::Text and Pod::Man, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Sys::Hostname,
4639 Term::ANSIColor, Time::Local, Win32, XSLoader, DBM Filters
4645 =item Utility Changes
4659 =item The Perl Debugger
4663 =item Improved Documentation
4665 perlapi.pod, perlboot.pod, perlcompile.pod, perldbmfilter.pod,
4666 perldebug.pod, perldebguts.pod, perlfork.pod, perlfilter.pod, perlhack.pod,
4667 perlintern.pod, perllexwarn.pod, perlnumber.pod, perlopentut.pod,
4668 perlreftut.pod, perltootc.pod, perltodo.pod, perlunicode.pod
4670 =item Performance enhancements
4674 =item Simple sort() using { $a <=> $b } and the like are optimized
4676 =item Optimized assignments to lexical variables
4678 =item Faster subroutine calls
4680 =item delete(), each(), values() and hash iteration are faster
4684 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
4688 =item -Dusethreads means something different
4690 =item New Configure flags
4692 =item Threadedness and 64-bitness now more daring
4698 =item -Duselargefiles
4700 =item installusrbinperl
4706 =item Enhanced Installation Directories
4710 =item Platform specific changes
4714 =item Supported platforms
4718 =item OS390 (OpenEdition MVS)
4726 =item Significant bug fixes
4730 =item <HANDLE> on empty files
4732 =item C<eval '...'> improvements
4734 =item All compilation errors are true errors
4736 =item Implicitly closed filehandles are safer
4738 =item Behavior of list slices is more consistent
4740 =item C<(\$)> prototype and C<$foo{a}>
4742 =item C<goto &sub> and AUTOLOAD
4744 =item C<-bareword> allowed under C<use integer>
4746 =item Failures in DESTROY()
4748 =item Locale bugs fixed
4752 =item Spurious subroutine stubs after failed subroutine calls
4754 =item Taint failures under C<-U>
4756 =item END blocks and the C<-c> switch
4758 =item Potential to leak DATA filehandles
4762 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
4764 "%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same %s, "my sub" not yet
4765 implemented, "our" variable %s redeclared, '!' allowed only after types %s,
4766 / cannot take a count, / must be followed by a, A or Z, / must be followed
4767 by a*, A* or Z*, / must follow a numeric type, /%s/: Unrecognized escape
4768 \\%c passed through, /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c in character class
4769 passed through, /%s/ should probably be written as "%s", %s() called too
4770 early to check prototype, %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element, %s
4771 argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or slice, %s argument is not a
4772 subroutine name, %s package attribute may clash with future reserved word:
4773 %s, (in cleanup) %s, <> should be quotes, Attempt to join self, Bad evalled
4774 substitution pattern, Bad realloc() ignored, Bareword found in conditional,
4775 Binary number > 0b11111111111111111111111111111111 non-portable, Bit vector
4776 size > 32 non-portable, Buffer overflow in prime_env_iter: %s, Can't check
4777 filesystem of script "%s", Can't declare class for non-scalar %s in "%s",
4778 Can't declare %s in "%s", Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default,
4779 Can't modify non-lvalue subroutine call, Can't read CRTL environ, Can't
4780 remove %s: %s, skipping file, Can't return %s from lvalue subroutine, Can't
4781 weaken a nonreference, Character class [:%s:] unknown, Character class
4782 syntax [%s] belongs inside character classes, Constant is not %s reference,
4783 constant(%s): %s, CORE::%s is not a keyword, defined(@array) is deprecated,
4784 defined(%hash) is deprecated, Did not produce a valid header, (Did you mean
4785 "local" instead of "our"?), Document contains no data, entering effective
4786 %s failed, false [] range "%s" in regexp, Filehandle %s opened only for
4787 output, flock() on closed filehandle %s, Global symbol "%s" requires
4788 explicit package name, Hexadecimal number > 0xffffffff non-portable,
4789 Ill-formed CRTL environ value "%s", Ill-formed message in prime_env_iter:
4790 |%s|, Illegal binary digit %s, Illegal binary digit %s ignored, Illegal
4791 number of bits in vec, Integer overflow in %s number, Invalid %s attribute:
4792 %s, Invalid %s attributes: %s, invalid [] range "%s" in regexp, Invalid
4793 separator character %s in attribute list, Invalid separator character %s in
4794 subroutine attribute list, leaving effective %s failed, Lvalue subs
4795 returning %s not implemented yet, Method %s not permitted, Missing
4796 %sbrace%s on \N{}, Missing command in piped open, Missing name in "my sub",
4797 No %s specified for -%c, No package name allowed for variable %s in "our",
4798 No space allowed after -%c, no UTC offset information; assuming local time
4799 is UTC, Octal number > 037777777777 non-portable, panic: del_backref,
4800 panic: kid popen errno read, panic: magic_killbackrefs, Parentheses missing
4801 around "%s" list, Possible unintended interpolation of %s in string,
4802 Possible Y2K bug: %s, pragma "attrs" is deprecated, use "sub NAME : ATTRS"
4803 instead, Premature end of script headers, Repeat count in pack overflows,
4804 Repeat count in unpack overflows, realloc() of freed memory ignored,
4805 Reference is already weak, setpgrp can't take arguments, Strange *+?{} on
4806 zero-length expression, switching effective %s is not implemented, This
4807 Perl can't reset CRTL environ elements (%s), This Perl can't set CRTL
4808 environ elements (%s=%s), Too late to run %s block, Unknown open() mode
4809 '%s', Unknown process %x sent message to prime_env_iter: %s, Unrecognized
4810 escape \\%c passed through, Unterminated attribute parameter in attribute
4811 list, Unterminated attribute list, Unterminated attribute parameter in
4812 subroutine attribute list, Unterminated subroutine attribute list, Value of
4813 CLI symbol "%s" too long, Version number must be a constant number
4817 =item Incompatible Changes
4821 =item Perl Source Incompatibilities
4823 CHECK is a new keyword, Treatment of list slices of undef has changed,
4824 Format of $English::PERL_VERSION is different, Literals of the form
4825 C<1.2.3> parse differently, Possibly changed pseudo-random number
4826 generator, Hashing function for hash keys has changed, C<undef> fails on
4827 read only values, Close-on-exec bit may be set on pipe and socket handles,
4828 Writing C<"$$1"> to mean C<"${$}1"> is unsupported, delete(), each(),
4829 values() and C<\(%h)>, vec(EXPR,OFFSET,BITS) enforces powers-of-two BITS,
4830 Text of some diagnostic output has changed, C<%@> has been removed,
4831 Parenthesized not() behaves like a list operator, Semantics of bareword
4832 prototype C<(*)> have changed, Semantics of bit operators may have changed
4833 on 64-bit platforms, More builtins taint their results
4835 =item C Source Incompatibilities
4837 C<PERL_POLLUTE>, C<PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT>, C<PERL_POLLUTE_MALLOC>
4839 =item Compatible C Source API Changes
4841 C<PATCHLEVEL> is now C<PERL_VERSION>
4843 =item Binary Incompatibilities
4847 =item Known Problems
4851 =item Thread test failures
4853 =item EBCDIC platforms not supported
4855 =item In 64-bit HP-UX the lib/io_multihomed test may hang
4857 =item NEXTSTEP 3.3 POSIX test failure
4859 =item Tru64 (aka Digital UNIX, aka DEC OSF/1) lib/sdbm test failure with
4862 =item UNICOS/mk CC failures during Configure run
4864 =item Arrow operator and arrays
4866 =item Experimental features
4868 Threads, Unicode, 64-bit support, Lvalue subroutines, Weak references, The
4869 pseudo-hash data type, The Compiler suite, Internal implementation of file
4870 globbing, The DB module, The regular expression code constructs:
4874 =item Obsolete Diagnostics
4876 Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Ill-formed
4877 logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter, In string, @%s now must be written as
4878 \@%s, Probable precedence problem on %s, regexp too big, Use of "$$<digit>"
4879 to mean "${$}<digit>" is deprecated
4881 =item Reporting Bugs
4889 =head2 perl5005delta, perldelta - what's new for perl5.005
4895 =item About the new versioning system
4897 =item Incompatible Changes
4901 =item WARNING: This version is not binary compatible with Perl 5.004.
4903 =item Default installation structure has changed
4905 =item Perl Source Compatibility
4907 =item C Source Compatibility
4909 =item Binary Compatibility
4911 =item Security fixes may affect compatibility
4913 =item Relaxed new mandatory warnings introduced in 5.004
4927 =item Regular Expressions
4929 Many new and improved optimizations, Many bug fixes, New regular expression
4930 constructs, New operator for precompiled regular expressions, Other
4931 improvements, Incompatible changes
4933 =item Improved malloc()
4935 =item Quicksort is internally implemented
4937 =item Reliable signals
4939 =item Reliable stack pointers
4941 =item More generous treatment of carriage returns
4945 =item Better support for multiple interpreters
4947 =item Behavior of local() on array and hash elements is now well-defined
4949 =item C<%!> is transparently tied to the L<Errno> module
4951 =item Pseudo-hashes are supported
4953 =item C<EXPR foreach EXPR> is supported
4955 =item Keywords can be globally overridden
4957 =item C<$^E> is meaningful on Win32
4959 =item C<foreach (1..1000000)> optimized
4961 =item C<Foo::> can be used as implicitly quoted package name
4963 =item C<exists $Foo::{Bar::}> tests existence of a package
4965 =item Better locale support
4967 =item Experimental support for 64-bit platforms
4969 =item prototype() returns useful results on builtins
4971 =item Extended support for exception handling
4973 =item Re-blessing in DESTROY() supported for chaining DESTROY() methods
4975 =item All C<printf> format conversions are handled internally
4977 =item New C<INIT> keyword
4979 =item New C<lock> keyword
4981 =item New C<qr//> operator
4983 =item C<our> is now a reserved word
4985 =item Tied arrays are now fully supported
4987 =item Tied handles support is better
4989 =item 4th argument to substr
4991 =item Negative LENGTH argument to splice
4993 =item Magic lvalues are now more magical
4995 =item <> now reads in records
4999 =item Supported Platforms
5005 =item Changes in existing support
5009 =item Modules and Pragmata
5015 B, Data::Dumper, Dumpvalue, Errno, File::Spec, ExtUtils::Installed,
5016 ExtUtils::Packlist, Fatal, IPC::SysV, Test, Tie::Array, Tie::Handle,
5017 Thread, attrs, fields, re
5019 =item Changes in existing modules
5021 Benchmark, Carp, CGI, Fcntl, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, POSIX, DB_File,
5022 MakeMaker, CPAN, Cwd, Benchmark
5026 =item Utility Changes
5028 =item Documentation Changes
5030 =item New Diagnostics
5032 Ambiguous call resolved as CORE::%s(), qualify as such or use &, Bad index
5033 while coercing array into hash, Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent
5034 package, Can't call method "%s" on an undefined value, Can't check
5035 filesystem of script "%s" for nosuid, Can't coerce array into hash, Can't
5036 goto subroutine from an eval-string, Can't localize pseudo-hash element,
5037 Can't use %%! because Errno.pm is not available, Cannot find an opnumber
5038 for "%s", Character class syntax [. .] is reserved for future extensions,
5039 Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Character
5040 class syntax [= =] is reserved for future extensions, %s: Eval-group in
5041 insecure regular expression, %s: Eval-group not allowed, use re 'eval', %s:
5042 Eval-group not allowed at run time, Explicit blessing to '' (assuming
5043 package main), Illegal hex digit ignored, No such array field, No such
5044 field "%s" in variable %s of type %s, Out of memory during ridiculously
5045 large request, Range iterator outside integer range, Recursive inheritance
5046 detected while looking for method '%s' %s, Reference found where even-sized
5047 list expected, Undefined value assigned to typeglob, Use of reserved word
5048 "%s" is deprecated, perl: warning: Setting locale failed
5050 =item Obsolete Diagnostics
5052 Can't mktemp(), Can't write to temp file for B<-e>: %s, Cannot open
5053 temporary file, regexp too big
5055 =item Configuration Changes
5065 =head2 perl5004delta, perldelta - what's new for perl5.004
5071 =item Supported Environments
5077 =item List assignment to %ENV works
5079 =item Change to "Can't locate Foo.pm in @INC" error
5081 =item Compilation option: Binary compatibility with 5.003
5083 =item $PERL5OPT environment variable
5085 =item Limitations on B<-M>, B<-m>, and B<-T> options
5087 =item More precise warnings
5089 =item Deprecated: Inherited C<AUTOLOAD> for non-methods
5091 =item Previously deprecated %OVERLOAD is no longer usable
5093 =item Subroutine arguments created only when they're modified
5095 =item Group vector changeable with C<$)>
5097 =item Fixed parsing of $$<digit>, &$<digit>, etc.
5099 =item Fixed localization of $<digit>, $&, etc.
5101 =item No resetting of $. on implicit close
5103 =item C<wantarray> may return undef
5105 =item C<eval EXPR> determines value of EXPR in scalar context
5107 =item Changes to tainting checks
5109 No glob() or <*>, No spawning if tainted $CDPATH, $ENV, $BASH_ENV, No
5110 spawning if tainted $TERM doesn't look like a terminal name
5112 =item New Opcode module and revised Safe module
5114 =item Embedding improvements
5116 =item Internal change: FileHandle class based on IO::* classes
5118 =item Internal change: PerlIO abstraction interface
5120 =item New and changed syntax
5124 =item New and changed builtin constants
5128 =item New and changed builtin variables
5132 =item New and changed builtin functions
5134 delete on slices, flock, printf and sprintf, keys as an lvalue, my() in
5135 Control Structures, pack() and unpack(), sysseek(), use VERSION, use Module
5136 VERSION LIST, prototype(FUNCTION), srand, $_ as Default, C<m//gc> does not
5137 reset search position on failure, C<m//x> ignores whitespace before ?*+{},
5138 nested C<sub{}> closures work now, formats work right on changing lexicals
5140 =item New builtin methods
5142 isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] )
5144 =item TIEHANDLE now supported
5146 TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this, LIST, READ this
5147 LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, DESTROY this
5149 =item Malloc enhancements
5151 -DPERL_EMERGENCY_SBRK, -DPACK_MALLOC, -DTWO_POT_OPTIMIZE
5153 =item Miscellaneous efficiency enhancements
5157 =item Support for More Operating Systems
5173 use autouse MODULE => qw(sub1 sub2 sub3), use blib, use blib 'dir', use
5174 constant NAME => VALUE, use locale, use ops, use vmsish
5180 =item Required Updates
5182 =item Installation directories
5184 =item Module information summary
5198 =item Object-oriented overrides for builtin operators
5202 =item Utility Changes
5208 Sends converted HTML to standard output
5212 C<void> XSUBs now default to returning nothing
5216 =item C Language API Changes
5218 C<gv_fetchmethod> and C<perl_call_sv>, C<perl_eval_pv>, Extended API for
5221 =item Documentation Changes
5223 L<perldelta>, L<perlfaq>, L<perllocale>, L<perltoot>, L<perlapio>,
5224 L<perlmodlib>, L<perldebug>, L<perlsec>
5226 =item New Diagnostics
5228 "my" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same scope, %s argument is
5229 not a HASH element or slice, Allocation too large: %lx, Allocation too
5230 large, Applying %s to %s will act on scalar(%s), Attempt to free
5231 nonexistent shared string, Attempt to use reference as lvalue in substr,
5232 Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent package, Can't redefine active sort
5233 subroutine %s, Can't use bareword ("%s") as %s ref while "strict refs" in
5234 use, Cannot resolve method `%s' overloading `%s' in package `%s', Constant
5235 subroutine %s redefined, Constant subroutine %s undefined, Copy method did
5236 not return a reference, Died, Exiting pseudo-block via %s, Identifier too
5237 long, Illegal character %s (carriage return), Illegal switch in PERL5OPT:
5238 %s, Integer overflow in hex number, Integer overflow in octal number,
5239 internal error: glob failed, Invalid conversion in %s: "%s", Invalid type
5240 in pack: '%s', Invalid type in unpack: '%s', Name "%s::%s" used only once:
5241 possible typo, Null picture in formline, Offset outside string, Out of
5242 memory!, Out of memory during request for %s, panic: frexp, Possible
5243 attempt to put comments in qw() list, Possible attempt to separate words
5244 with commas, Scalar value @%s{%s} better written as $%s{%s}, Stub found
5245 while resolving method `%s' overloading `%s' in %s, Too late for "B<-T>"
5246 option, untie attempted while %d inner references still exist, Unrecognized
5247 character %s, Unsupported function fork, Use of "$$<digit>" to mean
5248 "${$}<digit>" is deprecated, Value of %s can be "0"; test with defined(),
5249 Variable "%s" may be unavailable, Variable "%s" will not stay shared,
5250 Warning: something's wrong, Ill-formed logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter,
5251 Got an error from DosAllocMem, Malformed PERLLIB_PREFIX, PERL_SH_DIR too
5252 long, Process terminated by SIG%s
5262 =head2 perlaix, README.aix - Perl version 5 on IBM Unix (AIX) systems
5270 =item Compiling Perl 5 on AIX
5274 =item Building Dynamic Extensions on AIX
5276 =item The IBM ANSI C Compiler
5278 =item Using GNU's gcc for building perl
5280 =item Using Large Files with Perl
5286 =item GDBM and Threads
5288 =item NFS filesystems and utime(2)
5298 =head2 perlamiga - Perl under Amiga OS
5314 B<Unix emulation for AmigaOS: ixemul.library>, B<Version of Amiga OS>
5316 =item Starting Perl programs under AmigaOS
5318 =item Shortcomings of Perl under AmigaOS
5324 =item Accessing documentation
5332 =item B<GNU> C<info> files
5344 =item Getting the perl source
5348 sh Configure -Dprefix=/ade -Dloclibpth=/ade/lib
5352 =item Installing the built perl
5362 =head2 perlbs2000, README.posix-bc - building and installing Perl for
5387 =item Floating point anomalies
5405 =head2 perlcygwin, README.cygwin - Perl for Cygwin
5415 =item Cygwin = GNU+Cygnus+Windows (Don't leave UNIX without it)
5417 =item Cygwin Configuration
5419 C<PATH>, I<nroff>, Permissions
5427 =item Strip Binaries
5429 =item Optional Libraries
5431 C<-lcrypt>, C<-lgdbm> (C<use GDBM_File>), C<-ldb> (C<use DB_File>),
5432 C<-lcygipc> (C<use IPC::SysV>)
5434 =item Configure-time Options
5436 C<-Uusedl>, C<-Uusemymalloc>, C<-Dusemultiplicity>, C<-Duseperlio>,
5437 C<-Duse64bitint>, C<-Duselongdouble>, C<-Dusethreads>, C<-Duselargefiles>
5439 =item Suspicious Warnings
5441 I<dlsym()>, Win9x and C<d_eofnblk>, Compiler/Preprocessor defines
5459 =item File Permissions
5463 =item Filetime Granularity
5465 =item Tainting Checks
5469 =item Script Portability
5471 Pathnames, Text/Binary, F<.exe>, chown(), Miscellaneous
5479 Documentation, Build, Configure, Make, Install, Tests, Compiled Perl
5480 Source, Compiled Module Source, Perl Modules/Scripts
5490 =head2 perldos - Perl under DOS, W31, W95.
5504 =item Shortcomings of Perl under DOS
5514 =item BUILDING AND INSTALLING MODULES
5520 =item Unpacking CPAN Modules
5522 =item Building Non-XS Modules
5524 =item Building XS Modules
5534 =head2 perlepoc, README.epoc - Perl for EPOC
5542 =item INSTALLING PERL ON EPOC
5544 =item USING PERL ON EPOC
5548 =item IO Redirection
5558 =item Compiling Perl 5 on the EPOC cross compiling environment
5562 =item SUPPORT STATUS
5570 =head2 perlhpux, README.hpux - Perl version 5 on Hewlett-Packard Unix
5579 =item Compiling Perl 5 on HP-UX
5589 =item Portability Between PA-RISC Versions
5591 =item Building Dynamic Extensions on HP-UX
5593 =item The HP ANSI C Compiler
5595 =item Using Large Files with Perl
5601 =item GDBM and Threads
5603 =item NFS filesystems and utime(2)
5605 =item perl -P and //
5615 =head2 perlmachten, README.machten - Perl version 5 on Power MachTen
5624 =item Compiling Perl 5 on MachTen
5626 =item Failures during C<make test>
5628 op/lexassign.t, pragma/warnings.t
5630 =item Building external modules
5640 =head2 perlmpeix, README.mpeix - Perl/iX for HP e3000 MPE
5648 =item System Requirements
5650 =item How to Obtain Perl/iX
5652 =item Distribution Contents Highlights
5654 README, public_html/feedback.cgi, 4, 6
5656 =item Getting Started with Perl/iX
5658 =item MPE/iX Implementation Considerations
5660 =item Change History
5664 =head2 perlos2 - Perl under OS/2, DOS, Win0.3*, Win0.95 and WinNT.
5684 EMX, RSX, HPFS, pdksh
5686 =item Starting Perl programs under OS/2 (and DOS and...)
5688 =item Starting OS/2 (and DOS) programs under Perl
5692 =item Frequently asked questions
5696 =item I cannot run external programs
5698 =item I cannot embed perl into my program, or use F<perl.dll> from my
5701 Is your program EMX-compiled with C<-Zmt -Zcrtdll>?, Did you use
5704 =item C<``> and pipe-C<open> do not work under DOS.
5706 =item Cannot start C<find.exe "pattern" file>
5714 =item Automatic binary installation
5716 C<PERL_BADLANG>, C<PERL_BADFREE>, F<Config.pm>
5718 =item Manual binary installation
5720 Perl VIO and PM executables (dynamically linked), Perl_ VIO executable
5721 (statically linked), Executables for Perl utilities, Main Perl library,
5722 Additional Perl modules, Tools to compile Perl modules, Manpages for Perl
5723 and utilities, Manpages for Perl modules, Source for Perl documentation,
5724 Perl manual in F<.INF> format, Pdksh
5730 =item Accessing documentation
5734 =item OS/2 F<.INF> file
5742 =item GNU C<info> files
5756 =item Getting perl source
5758 =item Application of the patches
5766 A lot of C<bad free>, Process terminated by SIGTERM/SIGINT, F<op/fs.t>,
5767 F<lib/io_pipe.t>, F<lib/io_sock.t>, F<op/stat.t>, F<lib/io_udp.t>
5769 =item Installing the built perl
5771 =item C<a.out>-style build
5779 =item Some C</> became C<\> in pdksh.
5781 =item C<'errno'> - unresolved external
5783 =item Problems with tr or sed
5785 =item Some problem (forget which ;-)
5787 =item Library ... not found
5789 =item Segfault in make
5791 =item op/sprintf test failure
5795 =item Specific (mis)features of OS/2 port
5799 =item C<setpriority>, C<getpriority>
5803 =item C<extproc> on the first line
5805 =item Additional modules:
5807 =item Prebuilt methods:
5809 C<File::Copy::syscopy>, C<DynaLoader::mod2fname>, C<Cwd::current_drive()>,
5810 C<Cwd::sys_chdir(name)>, C<Cwd::change_drive(name)>,
5811 C<Cwd::sys_is_absolute(name)>, C<Cwd::sys_is_rooted(name)>,
5812 C<Cwd::sys_is_relative(name)>, C<Cwd::sys_cwd(name)>,
5813 C<Cwd::sys_abspath(name, dir)>, C<Cwd::extLibpath([type])>,
5814 C<Cwd::extLibpath_set( path [, type ] )>
5820 C<popen>, C<tmpnam>, C<tmpfile>, C<ctermid>, C<stat>, C<flock>
5834 =item F<perl___.exe>
5836 =item Why strange names?
5838 =item Why dynamic linking?
5840 =item Why chimera build?
5842 explicit fork(), open FH, "|-", open FH, "-|"
5850 =item C<PERLLIB_PREFIX>
5852 =item C<PERL_BADLANG>
5854 =item C<PERL_BADFREE>
5856 =item C<PERL_SH_DIR>
5858 =item C<USE_PERL_FLOCK>
5860 =item C<TMP> or C<TEMP>
5870 =item DLL name mangling
5874 =item Calls to external programs
5876 =item Memory allocation
5880 C<COND_WAIT>, F<os2.c>
5894 =head2 perlos390, README.os390 - building and installing Perl for OS/390.
5906 =item Setup and utilities
5910 =item Build, test, install
5912 =item build anomalies
5914 =item testing anomalies
5916 =item installation anomalies
5920 =item Floating point anomalies
5922 =item Modules and Extensions
5940 =head2 perlsolaris, README.solaris - Perl version 5 on Solaris systems
5948 =item Solaris Version Numbers.
5954 Solaris FAQ, Precompiled Binaries, Solaris Documentation
5960 =item File Extraction Problems.
5962 =item Compiler and Related Tools.
5968 =item RUN CONFIGURE.
5972 =item 64-bit Issues.
5976 =item Malloc Issues.
5980 =item MAKE PROBLEMS.
5982 Dynamic Loading Problems With GNU as and GNU ld, ld.so.1: ./perl: fatal:
5983 relocation error:, dlopen: stub interception failed, #error "No
5984 DATAMODEL_NATIVE specified", sh: ar: not found
5990 =item op/stat.t test 4
5994 =item PREBUILT BINARIES.
5996 =item RUNTIME ISSUES.
6000 =item Limits on Numbers of Open Files.
6004 =item SOLARIS-SPECIFIC MODULES.
6006 =item SOLARIS-SPECIFIC PROBLEMS WITH MODULES.
6010 =item Proc::ProcessTable
6024 =head2 perlvmesa, README.vmesa - building and installing Perl for VM/ESA.
6036 =item Setup and utilities
6040 - Don't turn on the compiler optimization flag "-O". There's a bug in
6041 the compiler (APAR PQ18812) that generates some bad code the
6042 optimizer is on, - As VM/ESA doesn't fully support the fork() API programs
6043 relying on this call will not work. I've replaced fork()/exec() with
6044 spawn() and the standalone exec() with spawn(). This has a side
6045 effect when opening unnamed pipes in a shell script: there is no child
6046 process generated under
6048 =item testing anomalies
6052 When using perl on VM/ESA please keep in mind that the EBCDIC and ASCII
6053 character sets are different. Perl builtin functions that may behave
6054 differently under EBCDIC are mentioned in the perlport.pod document.
6070 =head2 perlvms - VMS-specific documentation for Perl
6078 =item Organization of Perl Images
6084 =item Perl Extensions
6086 =item Installing static extensions
6088 =item Installing dynamic extensions
6092 =item File specifications
6098 =item Wildcard expansion
6104 =item PERL5LIB and PERLLIB
6110 =item I/O redirection and backgrounding
6112 =item Command line switches
6118 =item Perl functions
6120 File tests, backticks, binmode FILEHANDLE, crypt PLAINTEXT, USER, dump,
6121 exec LIST, fork, getpwent, getpwnam, getpwuid, gmtime, kill, qx//, select
6122 (system call), stat EXPR, system LIST, time, times, unlink LIST, utime
6123 LIST, waitpid PID,FLAGS
6125 =item Perl variables
6127 %ENV, CRTL_ENV, CLISYM_[LOCAL], Any other string, $!, $^E, $?, $^S, $|
6129 =item Standard modules with VMS-specific differences
6143 =head2 perlvos, README.vos - Perl for Stratus VOS
6151 =item Stratus POSIX Support
6155 =item INSTALLING PERL IN VOS
6159 =item Compiling Perl 5 on VOS
6161 =item Installing Perl 5 on VOS
6165 =item USING PERL IN VOS
6169 =item Unimplemented Features
6175 =item SUPPORT STATUS
6183 =head2 perlwin32 - Perl under Win32
6195 Make, Command Shell, Borland C++, Microsoft Visual C++, Mingw32 with GCC
6205 Environment Variables, File Globbing, Using perl from the command line,
6206 Building Extensions, Command-line Wildcard Expansion, Win32 Specific
6207 Extensions, Running Perl Scripts, Miscellaneous Things
6211 =item BUGS AND CAVEATS
6215 Gary Ng E<lt>71564.1743@CompuServe.COME<gt>, Gurusamy Sarathy
6216 E<lt>gsar@activestate.comE<gt>, Nick Ing-Simmons
6217 E<lt>nick@ing-simmons.netE<gt>
6225 =head1 PRAGMA DOCUMENTATION
6227 =head2 attrs - set/get attributes of a subroutine (deprecated)
6239 =head2 re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour
6249 =head2 attributes - get/set subroutine or variable attributes
6259 =item Built-in Attributes
6261 locked, method, lvalue
6263 =item Available Subroutines
6267 =item Package-specific Attribute Handling
6269 FETCH_I<type>_ATTRIBUTES, MODIFY_I<type>_ATTRIBUTES
6271 =item Syntax of Attribute Lists
6279 =item Default exports
6281 =item Available exports
6283 =item Export tags defined
6293 =head2 attrs - set/get attributes of a subroutine (deprecated)
6305 =head2 autouse - postpone load of modules until a function is used
6321 =head2 base - Establish IS-A relationship with base class at compile time
6335 =head2 blib - Use MakeMaker's uninstalled version of a package
6349 =head2 bytes - Perl pragma to force byte semantics rather than character
6362 =head2 charnames - define character names for C<\N{named}> string literal
6371 =item CUSTOM TRANSLATORS
6377 =head2 constant - Perl pragma to declare constants
6387 =item TECHNICAL NOTE
6397 =head2 diagnostics - Perl compiler pragma to force verbose warning
6408 =item The C<diagnostics> Pragma
6410 =item The I<splain> Program
6424 =head2 fields - compile-time class fields
6438 =head2 filetest - Perl pragma to control the filetest permission operators
6448 =item subpragma access
6454 =head2 integer - Perl pragma to compute arithmetic in integer instead of
6465 =head2 less - perl pragma to request less of something from the compiler
6475 =head2 lib - manipulate @INC at compile time
6485 =item Adding directories to @INC
6487 =item Deleting directories from @INC
6489 =item Restoring original @INC
6499 =head2 locale - Perl pragma to use and avoid POSIX locales for built-in
6510 =head2 open - perl pragma to set default disciplines for input and output
6518 =item UNIMPLEMENTED FUNCTIONALITY
6524 =head2 ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when compiling
6536 =head2 overload - Package for overloading perl operations
6546 =item Declaration of overloaded functions
6548 =item Calling Conventions for Binary Operations
6550 FALSE, TRUE, C<undef>
6552 =item Calling Conventions for Unary Operations
6554 =item Calling Conventions for Mutators
6556 C<++> and C<-->, C<x=> and other assignment versions
6558 =item Overloadable Operations
6560 I<Arithmetic operations>, I<Comparison operations>, I<Bit operations>,
6561 I<Increment and decrement>, I<Transcendental functions>, I<Boolean, string
6562 and numeric conversion>, I<Iteration>, I<Dereferencing>, I<Special>
6564 =item Inheritance and overloading
6566 Strings as values of C<use overload> directive, Overloading of an operation
6567 is inherited by derived classes
6571 =item SPECIAL SYMBOLS FOR C<use overload>
6579 C<undef>, TRUE, defined, but FALSE
6581 =item Copy Constructor
6587 =item MAGIC AUTOGENERATION
6589 I<Assignment forms of arithmetic operations>, I<Conversion operations>,
6590 I<Increment and decrement>, C<abs($a)>, I<Unary minus>, I<Negation>,
6591 I<Concatenation>, I<Comparison operations>, I<Iterator>, I<Dereferencing>,
6594 =item Losing overloading
6596 =item Run-time Overloading
6598 =item Public functions
6600 overload::StrVal(arg), overload::Overloaded(arg), overload::Method(obj,op)
6602 =item Overloading constants
6604 integer, float, binary, q, qr
6606 =item IMPLEMENTATION
6608 =item Metaphor clash
6614 =item Two-face scalars
6616 =item Two-face references
6618 =item Symbolic calculator
6620 =item I<Really> symbolic calculator
6628 Odd number of arguments for overload::constant, `%s' is not an overloadable
6629 type, `%s' is not a code reference
6635 =head2 perlio - perl pragma to configure C level IO
6647 =item Defaults and how to override them
6655 =head2 re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour
6665 =head2 sigtrap - Perl pragma to enable simple signal handling
6677 =item SIGNAL HANDLERS
6679 B<stack-trace>, B<die>, B<handler> I<your-handler>
6683 B<normal-signals>, B<error-signals>, B<old-interface-signals>
6687 B<untrapped>, B<any>, I<signal>, I<number>
6695 =head2 strict - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe constructs
6703 C<strict refs>, C<strict vars>, C<strict subs>
6707 =head2 subs - Perl pragma to predeclare sub names
6717 =head2 unicode::distinct - Perl pragma to strictly distinguish UTF8 data
6730 =head2 utf8 - Perl pragma to enable/disable UTF-8 in source code
6742 =head2 vars - Perl pragma to predeclare global variable names (obsolete)
6752 =head2 warnings - Perl pragma to control optional warnings
6760 use warnings::register, warnings::enabled(), warnings::enabled($category),
6761 warnings::enabled($object), warnings::warn($message),
6762 warnings::warn($category, $message), warnings::warn($object, $message),
6763 warnings::warnif($message), warnings::warnif($category, $message),
6764 warnings::warnif($object, $message)
6768 =head2 warnings::register - warnings import function
6770 =head1 MODULE DOCUMENTATION
6772 =head2 AnyDBM_File - provide framework for multiple DBMs
6782 =item DBM Comparisons
6792 =head2 AutoLoader - load subroutines only on demand
6802 =item Subroutine Stubs
6804 =item Using B<AutoLoader>'s AUTOLOAD Subroutine
6806 =item Overriding B<AutoLoader>'s AUTOLOAD Subroutine
6808 =item Package Lexicals
6810 =item Not Using AutoLoader
6812 =item B<AutoLoader> vs. B<SelfLoader>
6822 =head2 AutoSplit - split a package for autoloading
6830 $keep, $check, $modtime
6834 =item Multiple packages
6842 =head2 B - The Perl Compiler
6850 =item OVERVIEW OF CLASSES
6854 =item SV-RELATED CLASSES
6862 IV, IVX, needs64bits, packiv
6876 =item B::PVMG METHODS
6880 =item B::MAGIC METHODS
6882 MOREMAGIC, PRIVATE, TYPE, FLAGS, OBJ, PTR
6884 =item B::PVLV METHODS
6886 TARGOFF, TARGLEN, TYPE, TARG
6890 USEFUL, PREVIOUS, RARE, TABLE
6894 is_empty, NAME, STASH, SV, IO, FORM, AV, HV, EGV, CV, CVGEN, LINE, FILE,
6895 FILEGV, GvREFCNT, FLAGS
6899 LINES, PAGE, PAGE_LEN, LINES_LEFT, TOP_NAME, TOP_GV, FMT_NAME, FMT_GV,
6900 BOTTOM_NAME, BOTTOM_GV, SUBPROCESS, IoTYPE, IoFLAGS
6904 FILL, MAX, OFF, ARRAY, AvFLAGS
6908 STASH, START, ROOT, GV, FILE, DEPTH, PADLIST, OUTSIDE, XSUB, XSUBANY,
6913 FILL, MAX, KEYS, RITER, NAME, PMROOT, ARRAY
6915 =item OP-RELATED CLASSES
6919 next, sibling, name, ppaddr, desc, targ, type, seq, flags, private
6921 =item B::UNOP METHOD
6925 =item B::BINOP METHOD
6929 =item B::LOGOP METHOD
6933 =item B::LISTOP METHOD
6937 =item B::PMOP METHODS
6939 pmreplroot, pmreplstart, pmnext, pmregexp, pmflags, pmpermflags, precomp
6941 =item B::SVOP METHOD
6945 =item B::PADOP METHOD
6949 =item B::PVOP METHOD
6953 =item B::LOOP METHODS
6955 redoop, nextop, lastop
6957 =item B::COP METHODS
6959 label, stash, file, cop_seq, arybase, line
6963 =item FUNCTIONS EXPORTED BY C<B>
6965 main_cv, init_av, main_root, main_start, comppadlist, sv_undef, sv_yes,
6966 sv_no, amagic_generation, walkoptree(OP, METHOD), walkoptree_debug(DEBUG),
6967 walksymtable(SYMREF, METHOD, RECURSE), svref_2object(SV), ppname(OPNUM),
6968 hash(STR), cast_I32(I), minus_c, cstring(STR), class(OBJ), threadsv_names
6974 =head2 B::Asmdata - Autogenerated data about Perl ops, used to generate
6987 =head2 B::Assembler - Assemble Perl bytecode
6999 =head2 B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks
7011 =head2 B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend
7021 B<-ofilename>, B<-afilename>, B<-->, B<-f>, B<-fcompress-nullops>,
7022 B<-fomit-sequence-numbers>, B<-fbypass-nullops>, B<-On>, B<-D>, B<-Do>,
7023 B<-Db>, B<-Da>, B<-DC>, B<-S>, B<-upackage> Stores package in the
7034 =head2 B::C - Perl compiler's C backend
7044 B<-ofilename>, B<-v>, B<-->, B<-uPackname>, B<-D>, B<-Do>, B<-Dc>, B<-DA>,
7045 B<-DC>, B<-DM>, B<-f>, B<-fcog>, B<-fno-cog>, B<-On>, B<-llimit>
7055 =head2 B::CC - Perl compiler's optimized C translation backend
7065 B<-ofilename>, B<-v>, B<-->, B<-uPackname>, B<-mModulename>, B<-D>, B<-Dr>,
7066 B<-DO>, B<-Ds>, B<-Dp>, B<-Dq>, B<-Dl>, B<-Dt>, B<-f>,
7067 B<-ffreetmps-each-bblock>, B<-ffreetmps-each-loop>, B<-fomit-taint>, B<-On>
7079 =item Context of ".."
7083 =item Deprecated features
7091 =head2 B::Concise - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing concise info about ops
7101 B<-basic>, B<-exec>, B<-tree>, B<-compact>, B<-loose>, B<-vt>, B<-ascii>,
7102 B<-main>, B<-base>I<n>, B<-bigendian>, B<-littleendian>, B<-concise>,
7103 B<-terse>, B<-linenoise>, B<-debug>, B<-env>
7105 =item FORMATTING SPECIFICATIONS
7107 B<(x(>I<exec_text>B<;>I<basic_text>B<)x)>, B<(*(>I<text>B<)*)>,
7108 B<(*(>I<text1>B<;>I<text2>B<)*)>, B<(?(>I<text1>B<#>I<var>I<Text2>B<)?)>,
7109 B<#>I<var>, B<#>I<var>I<N>, B<~>, B<#addr>, B<#arg>, B<#class>,
7110 B<#classym>, B<#coplabel>, B<#exname>, B<#extarg>, B<#firstaddr>,
7111 B<#flags>, B<#flagval>, B<#hyphenseq>, B<#label>, B<#lastaddr>, B<#name>,
7112 B<#NAME>, B<#next>, B<#nextaddr>, B<#noise>, B<#private>, B<#privval>,
7113 B<#seq>, B<#seqnum>, B<#sibaddr>, B<#svaddr>, B<#svclass>, B<#svval>,
7114 B<#targ>, B<#targarg>, B<#targarglife>, B<#typenum>
7120 =item OP flags abbreviations
7122 =item OP class abbreviations
7130 =head2 B::Debug - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing debug info about ops
7142 =head2 B::Deparse - Perl compiler backend to produce perl code
7152 B<-l>, B<-p>, B<-q>, B<-u>I<PACKAGE>, B<-s>I<LETTERS>, B<C>, B<i>I<NUMBER>,
7153 B<T>, B<v>I<STRING>B<.>, B<-x>I<LEVEL>
7155 =item USING B::Deparse AS A MODULE
7175 =head2 B::Disassembler - Disassemble Perl bytecode
7187 =head2 B::Lint - Perl lint
7195 =item OPTIONS AND LINT CHECKS
7197 B<context>, B<implicit-read> and B<implicit-write>, B<dollar-underscore>,
7198 B<private-names>, B<undefined-subs>, B<regexp-variables>, B<all>, B<none>
7200 =item NON LINT-CHECK OPTIONS
7210 =head2 B::O, O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends
7220 =item IMPLEMENTATION
7226 =head2 B::Showlex - Show lexical variables used in functions or files
7238 =head2 B::Stackobj - Helper module for CC backend
7250 =head2 B::Stash - show what stashes are loaded
7252 =head2 B::Terse - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing terse info about ops
7264 =head2 B::Xref - Generates cross reference reports for Perl programs
7274 C<-oFILENAME>, C<-r>, C<-D[tO]>
7282 =head2 Bblock, B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks
7294 =head2 Benchmark - benchmark running times of Perl code
7308 =item Standard Exports
7310 timeit(COUNT, CODE), timethis ( COUNT, CODE, [ TITLE, [ STYLE ]] ),
7311 timethese ( COUNT, CODEHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), timediff ( T1, T2 ), timestr (
7312 TIMEDIFF, [ STYLE, [ FORMAT ] ] )
7314 =item Optional Exports
7316 clearcache ( COUNT ), clearallcache ( ), cmpthese ( COUT, CODEHASHREF, [
7317 STYLE ] ), cmpthese ( RESULTSHASHREF ), countit(TIME, CODE), disablecache (
7318 ), enablecache ( ), timesum ( T1, T2 )
7334 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
7338 =head2 ByteLoader - load byte compiled perl code
7352 =head2 Bytecode, B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend
7362 B<-ofilename>, B<-afilename>, B<-->, B<-f>, B<-fcompress-nullops>,
7363 B<-fomit-sequence-numbers>, B<-fbypass-nullops>, B<-On>, B<-D>, B<-Do>,
7364 B<-Db>, B<-Da>, B<-DC>, B<-S>, B<-upackage> Stores package in the
7375 =head2 CGI - Simple Common Gateway Interface Class
7387 =item PROGRAMMING STYLE
7389 =item CALLING CGI.PM ROUTINES
7391 =item CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT (OBJECT-ORIENTED STYLE):
7393 =item CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT FROM AN INPUT FILE
7395 =item FETCHING A LIST OF KEYWORDS FROM THE QUERY:
7397 =item FETCHING THE NAMES OF ALL THE PARAMETERS PASSED TO YOUR SCRIPT:
7399 =item FETCHING THE VALUE OR VALUES OF A SINGLE NAMED PARAMETER:
7401 =item SETTING THE VALUE(S) OF A NAMED PARAMETER:
7403 =item APPENDING ADDITIONAL VALUES TO A NAMED PARAMETER:
7405 =item IMPORTING ALL PARAMETERS INTO A NAMESPACE:
7407 =item DELETING A PARAMETER COMPLETELY:
7409 =item DELETING ALL PARAMETERS:
7411 =item DIRECT ACCESS TO THE PARAMETER LIST:
7413 =item FETCHING THE PARAMETER LIST AS A HASH:
7415 =item SAVING THE STATE OF THE SCRIPT TO A FILE:
7417 =item RETRIEVING CGI ERRORS
7419 =item USING THE FUNCTION-ORIENTED INTERFACE
7421 B<:cgi>, B<:form>, B<:html2>, B<:html3>, B<:netscape>, B<:html>,
7422 B<:standard>, B<:all>
7426 -any, -compile, -nosticky, -no_xhtml, -nph, -newstyle_urls, -oldstyle_urls,
7427 -autoload, -no_debug, -debug, -private_tempfiles
7429 =item SPECIAL FORMS FOR IMPORTING HTML-TAG FUNCTIONS
7431 1. start_table() (generates a <TABLE> tag), 2. end_table() (generates a
7432 </TABLE> tag), 3. start_ul() (generates a <UL> tag), 4. end_ul() (generates
7437 =item GENERATING DYNAMIC DOCUMENTS
7441 =item CREATING A STANDARD HTTP HEADER:
7443 =item GENERATING A REDIRECTION HEADER
7445 =item CREATING THE HTML DOCUMENT HEADER
7447 B<Parameters:>, 4, 5, 6..
7449 =item ENDING THE HTML DOCUMENT:
7451 =item CREATING A SELF-REFERENCING URL THAT PRESERVES STATE INFORMATION:
7453 =item OBTAINING THE SCRIPT'S URL
7455 B<-absolute>, B<-relative>, B<-full>, B<-path> (B<-path_info>), B<-query>
7456 (B<-query_string>), B<-base>
7458 =item MIXING POST AND URL PARAMETERS
7462 =item CREATING STANDARD HTML ELEMENTS:
7466 =item PROVIDING ARGUMENTS TO HTML SHORTCUTS
7468 =item THE DISTRIBUTIVE PROPERTY OF HTML SHORTCUTS
7470 =item HTML SHORTCUTS AND LIST INTERPOLATION
7472 =item NON-STANDARD HTML SHORTCUTS
7474 =item AUTOESCAPING HTML
7476 $escaped_string = escapeHTML("unescaped string");, $charset =
7477 charset([$charset]);, $flag = autoEscape([$flag]);
7479 =item PRETTY-PRINTING HTML
7483 =item CREATING FILL-OUT FORMS:
7487 =item CREATING AN ISINDEX TAG
7489 =item STARTING AND ENDING A FORM
7491 B<application/x-www-form-urlencoded>, B<multipart/form-data>
7493 =item CREATING A TEXT FIELD
7497 =item CREATING A BIG TEXT FIELD
7499 =item CREATING A PASSWORD FIELD
7501 =item CREATING A FILE UPLOAD FIELD
7505 =item CREATING A POPUP MENU
7507 =item CREATING A SCROLLING LIST
7511 =item CREATING A GROUP OF RELATED CHECKBOXES
7515 =item CREATING A STANDALONE CHECKBOX
7519 =item CREATING A RADIO BUTTON GROUP
7523 =item CREATING A SUBMIT BUTTON
7527 =item CREATING A RESET BUTTON
7529 =item CREATING A DEFAULT BUTTON
7531 =item CREATING A HIDDEN FIELD
7535 =item CREATING A CLICKABLE IMAGE BUTTON
7539 =item CREATING A JAVASCRIPT ACTION BUTTON
7545 1. an expiration time, 2. a domain, 3. a path, 4. a "secure" flag,
7546 B<-name>, B<-value>, B<-path>, B<-domain>, B<-expires>, B<-secure>
7548 =item WORKING WITH FRAMES
7550 1. Create a <Frameset> document, 2. Specify the destination for the
7551 document in the HTTP header, 3. Specify the destination for the document in
7554 =item LIMITED SUPPORT FOR CASCADING STYLE SHEETS
7560 =item DUMPING OUT ALL THE NAME/VALUE PAIRS
7564 =item FETCHING ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
7566 B<Accept()>, B<raw_cookie()>, B<user_agent()>, B<path_info()>,
7567 B<path_translated()>, B<remote_host()>, B<script_name()>, B<referer()>,
7568 B<auth_type ()>, B<server_name ()>, B<virtual_host ()>, B<server_port ()>,
7569 B<server_software ()>, B<remote_user ()>, B<user_name ()>,
7570 B<request_method()>, B<content_type()>, B<http()>, B<https()>
7572 =item USING NPH SCRIPTS
7574 In the B<use> statement, By calling the B<nph()> method:, By using B<-nph>
7579 multipart_init(), multipart_start(), multipart_end()
7581 =item Avoiding Denial of Service Attacks
7583 B<$CGI::POST_MAX>, B<$CGI::DISABLE_UPLOADS>, B<1. On a script-by-script
7584 basis>, B<2. Globally for all scripts>
7586 =item COMPATIBILITY WITH CGI-LIB.PL
7588 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
7592 Matt Heffron (heffron@falstaff.css.beckman.com), James Taylor
7593 (james.taylor@srs.gov), Scott Anguish <sanguish@digifix.com>, Mike Jewell
7594 (mlj3u@virginia.edu), Timothy Shimmin (tes@kbs.citri.edu.au), Joergen Haegg
7595 (jh@axis.se), Laurent Delfosse (delfosse@delfosse.com), Richard Resnick
7596 (applepi1@aol.com), Craig Bishop (csb@barwonwater.vic.gov.au), Tony Curtis
7597 (tc@vcpc.univie.ac.at), Tim Bunce (Tim.Bunce@ig.co.uk), Tom Christiansen
7598 (tchrist@convex.com), Andreas Koenig (k@franz.ww.TU-Berlin.DE), Tim
7599 MacKenzie (Tim.MacKenzie@fulcrum.com.au), Kevin B. Hendricks
7600 (kbhend@dogwood.tyler.wm.edu), Stephen Dahmen (joyfire@inxpress.net), Ed
7601 Jordan (ed@fidalgo.net), David Alan Pisoni (david@cnation.com), Doug
7602 MacEachern (dougm@opengroup.org), Robin Houston (robin@oneworld.org),
7603 ...and many many more..
7605 =item A COMPLETE EXAMPLE OF A SIMPLE FORM-BASED SCRIPT
7613 =head2 CGI::Apache - Backward compatibility module for CGI.pm
7623 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
7631 =head2 CGI::Carp, B<CGI::Carp> - CGI routines for writing to the HTTPD (or
7640 =item REDIRECTING ERROR MESSAGES
7642 =item MAKING PERL ERRORS APPEAR IN THE BROWSER WINDOW
7646 =item Changing the default message
7650 =item MAKING WARNINGS APPEAR AS HTML COMMENTS
7660 =head2 CGI::Cookie - Interface to Netscape Cookies
7668 =item USING CGI::Cookie
7670 B<1. expiration date>, B<2. domain>, B<3. path>, B<4. secure flag>
7674 =item Creating New Cookies
7676 =item Sending the Cookie to the Browser
7678 =item Recovering Previous Cookies
7680 =item Manipulating Cookies
7682 B<name()>, B<value()>, B<domain()>, B<path()>, B<expires()>
7686 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
7694 =head2 CGI::Fast - CGI Interface for Fast CGI
7702 =item OTHER PIECES OF THE PUZZLE
7704 =item WRITING FASTCGI PERL SCRIPTS
7706 =item INSTALLING FASTCGI SCRIPTS
7708 =item USING FASTCGI SCRIPTS AS CGI SCRIPTS
7712 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
7720 =head2 CGI::Pretty - module to produce nicely formatted HTML code
7730 =item Tags that won't be formatted
7732 =item Customizing the Indenting
7744 =head2 CGI::Push - Simple Interface to Server Push
7752 =item USING CGI::Push
7754 -next_page, -last_page, -type, -delay, -cookie, -target, -expires
7758 =item Heterogeneous Pages
7760 =item Changing the Page Delay on the Fly
7764 =item INSTALLING CGI::Push SCRIPTS
7766 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
7774 =head2 CGI::Switch - Backward compatibility module for defunct CGI::Switch
7784 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
7792 =head2 CPAN - query, download and build perl modules from CPAN sites
7802 =item Interactive Mode
7804 Searching for authors, bundles, distribution files and modules, make, test,
7805 install, clean modules or distributions, get, readme, look module or
7806 distribution, Signals
7814 =item The four C<CPAN::*> Classes: Author, Bundle, Module, Distribution
7816 =item Programmer's interface
7818 expand($type,@things), expandany(@things), Programming Examples
7820 =item Methods in the other Classes
7822 CPAN::Author::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Author::as_string(),
7823 CPAN::Author::email(), CPAN::Author::fullname(), CPAN::Author::name(),
7824 CPAN::Bundle::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Bundle::as_string(),
7825 CPAN::Bundle::clean(), CPAN::Bundle::contains(),
7826 CPAN::Bundle::force($method,@args), CPAN::Bundle::get(),
7827 CPAN::Bundle::inst_file(), CPAN::Bundle::inst_version(),
7828 CPAN::Bundle::uptodate(), CPAN::Bundle::install(), CPAN::Bundle::make(),
7829 CPAN::Bundle::readme(), CPAN::Bundle::test(),
7830 CPAN::Distribution::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Distribution::as_string(),
7831 CPAN::Distribution::clean(), CPAN::Distribution::containsmods(),
7832 CPAN::Distribution::cvs_import(), CPAN::Distribution::dir(),
7833 CPAN::Distribution::force($method,@args), CPAN::Distribution::get(),
7834 CPAN::Distribution::install(), CPAN::Distribution::isa_perl(),
7835 CPAN::Distribution::look(), CPAN::Distribution::make(),
7836 CPAN::Distribution::prereq_pm(), CPAN::Distribution::readme(),
7837 CPAN::Distribution::test(), CPAN::Distribution::uptodate(),
7838 CPAN::Index::force_reload(), CPAN::Index::reload(), CPAN::InfoObj::dump(),
7839 CPAN::Module::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Module::as_string(),
7840 CPAN::Module::clean(), CPAN::Module::cpan_file(),
7841 CPAN::Module::cpan_version(), CPAN::Module::cvs_import(),
7842 CPAN::Module::description(), CPAN::Module::force($method,@args),
7843 CPAN::Module::get(), CPAN::Module::inst_file(),
7844 CPAN::Module::inst_version(), CPAN::Module::install(),
7845 CPAN::Module::look(), CPAN::Module::make(),
7846 CPAN::Module::manpage_headline(), CPAN::Module::readme(),
7847 CPAN::Module::test(), CPAN::Module::uptodate(), CPAN::Module::userid()
7855 =item Finding packages and VERSION
7859 =item Floppy, Zip, Offline Mode
7865 C<o conf E<lt>scalar optionE<gt>>, C<o conf E<lt>scalar optionE<gt>
7866 E<lt>valueE<gt>>, C<o conf E<lt>list optionE<gt>>, C<o conf E<lt>list
7867 optionE<gt> [shift|pop]>, C<o conf E<lt>list optionE<gt>
7868 [unshift|push|splice] E<lt>listE<gt>>
7872 =item Note on urllist parameter's format
7874 =item urllist parameter has CD-ROM support
7882 =item POPULATE AN INSTALLATION WITH LOTS OF MODULES
7884 =item WORKING WITH CPAN.pm BEHIND FIREWALLS
7888 =item Three basic types of firewalls
7890 http firewall, ftp firewall, One way visibility, SOCKS, IP Masquerade
7892 =item Configuring lynx or ncftp for going through a firewall
7898 1), 2), 3), 4), 5), 6), 7), 8), 9), 10)
7908 =head2 CPAN::FirstTime - Utility for CPAN::Config file Initialization
7918 =head2 CPANox, CPAN::Nox - Wrapper around CPAN.pm without using any XS
7931 =head2 Carp, carp - warn of errors (from perspective of caller)
7941 =item Forcing a Stack Trace
7949 =head2 Carp::Heavy, Carp heavy machinery - no user serviceable parts inside
7951 =head2 Class::Struct - declare struct-like datatypes as Perl classes
7961 =item The C<struct()> function
7963 =item Class Creation at Compile Time
7965 =item Element Types and Accessor Methods
7967 Scalar (C<'$'> or C<'*$'>), Array (C<'@'> or C<'*@'>), Hash (C<'%'> or
7968 C<'*%'>), Class (C<'Class_Name'> or C<'*Class_Name'>)
7970 =item Initializing with C<new>
7976 Example 1, Example 2, Example 3
7978 =item Author and Modification History
7982 =head2 Config - access Perl configuration information
7990 myconfig(), config_sh(), config_vars(@names)
8002 C<_a>, C<_exe>, C<_o>
8006 C<afs>, C<alignbytes>, C<ansi2knr>, C<aphostname>, C<api_revision>,
8007 C<api_subversion>, C<api_version>, C<api_versionstring>, C<ar>, C<archlib>,
8008 C<archlibexp>, C<archname64>, C<archname>, C<archobjs>, C<awk>
8012 C<baserev>, C<bash>, C<bin>, C<bincompat5005>, C<binexp>, C<bison>,
8013 C<byacc>, C<byteorder>
8017 C<c>, C<castflags>, C<cat>, C<cc>, C<cccdlflags>, C<ccdlflags>, C<ccflags>,
8018 C<ccflags_uselargefiles>, C<ccname>, C<ccsymbols>, C<ccversion>, C<cf_by>,
8019 C<cf_email>, C<cf_time>, C<charsize>, C<chgrp>, C<chmod>, C<chown>,
8020 C<clocktype>, C<comm>, C<compress>
8024 C<CONFIGDOTSH>, C<contains>, C<cp>, C<cpio>, C<cpp>, C<cpp_stuff>,
8025 C<cppccsymbols>, C<cppflags>, C<cpplast>, C<cppminus>, C<cpprun>,
8026 C<cppstdin>, C<cppsymbols>, C<crosscompile>, C<cryptlib>, C<csh>
8030 C<d__fwalk>, C<d_access>, C<d_accessx>, C<d_alarm>, C<d_archlib>,
8031 C<d_atolf>, C<d_atoll>, C<d_attribut>, C<d_bcmp>, C<d_bcopy>,
8032 C<d_bincompat5005>, C<d_bsd>, C<d_bsdgetpgrp>, C<d_bsdsetpgrp>, C<d_bzero>,
8033 C<d_casti32>, C<d_castneg>, C<d_charvspr>, C<d_chown>, C<d_chroot>,
8034 C<d_chsize>, C<d_closedir>, C<d_const>, C<d_crypt>, C<d_csh>, C<d_cuserid>,
8035 C<d_dbl_dig>, C<d_difftime>, C<d_dirnamlen>, C<d_dlerror>, C<d_dlopen>,
8036 C<d_dlsymun>, C<d_dosuid>, C<d_drand48proto>, C<d_dup2>, C<d_eaccess>,
8037 C<d_endgrent>, C<d_endhent>, C<d_endnent>, C<d_endpent>, C<d_endpwent>,
8038 C<d_endsent>, C<d_eofnblk>, C<d_eunice>, C<d_fchmod>, C<d_fchown>,
8039 C<d_fcntl>, C<d_fcntl_can_lock>, C<d_fd_macros>, C<d_fd_set>,
8040 C<d_fds_bits>, C<d_fgetpos>, C<d_flexfnam>, C<d_flock>, C<d_fork>,
8041 C<d_fpathconf>, C<d_fpos64_t>, C<d_frexpl>, C<d_fs_data_s>, C<d_fseeko>,
8042 C<d_fsetpos>, C<d_fstatfs>, C<d_fstatvfs>, C<d_fsync>, C<d_ftello>,
8043 C<d_ftime>, C<d_Gconvert>, C<d_getcwd>, C<d_getespwnam>, C<d_getfsstat>,
8044 C<d_getgrent>, C<d_getgrps>, C<d_gethbyaddr>, C<d_gethbyname>,
8045 C<d_gethent>, C<d_gethname>, C<d_gethostprotos>, C<d_getlogin>,
8046 C<d_getmnt>, C<d_getmntent>, C<d_getnbyaddr>, C<d_getnbyname>,
8047 C<d_getnent>, C<d_getnetprotos>, C<d_getpagsz>, C<d_getpbyname>,
8048 C<d_getpbynumber>, C<d_getpent>, C<d_getpgid>, C<d_getpgrp2>, C<d_getpgrp>,
8049 C<d_getppid>, C<d_getprior>, C<d_getprotoprotos>, C<d_getprpwnam>,
8050 C<d_getpwent>, C<d_getsbyname>, C<d_getsbyport>, C<d_getsent>,
8051 C<d_getservprotos>, C<d_getspnam>, C<d_gettimeod>, C<d_gnulibc>,
8052 C<d_grpasswd>, C<d_hasmntopt>, C<d_htonl>, C<d_iconv>, C<d_index>,
8053 C<d_inetaton>, C<d_int64_t>, C<d_isascii>, C<d_isnan>, C<d_isnanl>,
8054 C<d_killpg>, C<d_lchown>, C<d_ldbl_dig>, C<d_link>, C<d_locconv>,
8055 C<d_lockf>, C<d_longdbl>, C<d_longlong>, C<d_lseekproto>, C<d_lstat>,
8056 C<d_madvise>, C<d_mblen>, C<d_mbstowcs>, C<d_mbtowc>, C<d_memchr>,
8057 C<d_memcmp>, C<d_memcpy>, C<d_memmove>, C<d_memset>, C<d_mkdir>,
8058 C<d_mkdtemp>, C<d_mkfifo>, C<d_mkstemp>, C<d_mkstemps>, C<d_mktime>,
8059 C<d_mmap>, C<d_modfl>, C<d_mprotect>, C<d_msg>, C<d_msg_ctrunc>,
8060 C<d_msg_dontroute>, C<d_msg_oob>, C<d_msg_peek>, C<d_msg_proxy>,
8061 C<d_msgctl>, C<d_msgget>, C<d_msgrcv>, C<d_msgsnd>, C<d_msync>,
8062 C<d_munmap>, C<d_mymalloc>, C<d_nice>, C<d_nv_preserves_uv>,
8063 C<d_nv_preserves_uv_bits>, C<d_off64_t>, C<d_old_pthread_create_joinable>,
8064 C<d_oldpthreads>, C<d_oldsock>, C<d_open3>, C<d_pathconf>, C<d_pause>,
8065 C<d_perl_otherlibdirs>, C<d_phostname>, C<d_pipe>, C<d_poll>,
8066 C<d_portable>, C<d_PRId64>, C<d_PRIeldbl>, C<d_PRIEUldbl>, C<d_PRIfldbl>,
8067 C<d_PRIFUldbl>, C<d_PRIgldbl>, C<d_PRIGUldbl>, C<d_PRIi64>, C<d_PRIo64>,
8068 C<d_PRIu64>, C<d_PRIx64>, C<d_PRIXU64>, C<d_pthread_yield>, C<d_pwage>,
8069 C<d_pwchange>, C<d_pwclass>, C<d_pwcomment>, C<d_pwexpire>, C<d_pwgecos>,
8070 C<d_pwpasswd>, C<d_pwquota>, C<d_qgcvt>, C<d_quad>, C<d_readdir>,
8071 C<d_readlink>, C<d_rename>, C<d_rewinddir>, C<d_rmdir>, C<d_safebcpy>,
8072 C<d_safemcpy>, C<d_sanemcmp>, C<d_sbrkproto>, C<d_sched_yield>,
8073 C<d_scm_rights>, C<d_SCNfldbl>, C<d_seekdir>, C<d_select>, C<d_sem>,
8074 C<d_semctl>, C<d_semctl_semid_ds>, C<d_semctl_semun>, C<d_semget>,
8075 C<d_semop>, C<d_setegid>, C<d_seteuid>, C<d_setgrent>, C<d_setgrps>,
8076 C<d_sethent>, C<d_setlinebuf>, C<d_setlocale>, C<d_setnent>, C<d_setpent>,
8077 C<d_setpgid>, C<d_setpgrp2>, C<d_setpgrp>, C<d_setprior>,
8078 C<d_setproctitle>, C<d_setpwent>, C<d_setregid>, C<d_setresgid>,
8079 C<d_setresuid>, C<d_setreuid>, C<d_setrgid>, C<d_setruid>, C<d_setsent>,
8080 C<d_setsid>, C<d_setvbuf>, C<d_sfio>, C<d_shm>, C<d_shmat>,
8081 C<d_shmatprototype>, C<d_shmctl>, C<d_shmdt>, C<d_shmget>, C<d_sigaction>,
8082 C<d_sigprocmask>, C<d_sigsetjmp>, C<d_socket>, C<d_socklen_t>,
8083 C<d_sockpair>, C<d_socks5_init>, C<d_sqrtl>, C<d_statblks>,
8084 C<d_statfs_f_flags>, C<d_statfs_s>, C<d_statvfs>, C<d_stdio_cnt_lval>,
8085 C<d_stdio_ptr_lval>, C<d_stdio_ptr_lval_nochange_cnt>,
8086 C<d_stdio_ptr_lval_sets_cnt>, C<d_stdio_stream_array>, C<d_stdiobase>,
8087 C<d_stdstdio>, C<d_strchr>, C<d_strcoll>, C<d_strctcpy>, C<d_strerrm>,
8088 C<d_strerror>, C<d_strtod>, C<d_strtol>, C<d_strtold>, C<d_strtoll>,
8089 C<d_strtoq>, C<d_strtoul>, C<d_strtoull>, C<d_strtouq>, C<d_strxfrm>,
8090 C<d_suidsafe>, C<d_symlink>, C<d_syscall>, C<d_sysconf>, C<d_sysernlst>,
8091 C<d_syserrlst>, C<d_system>, C<d_tcgetpgrp>, C<d_tcsetpgrp>, C<d_telldir>,
8092 C<d_telldirproto>, C<d_time>, C<d_times>, C<d_truncate>, C<d_tzname>,
8093 C<d_umask>, C<d_uname>, C<d_union_semun>, C<d_ustat>, C<d_vendorarch>,
8094 C<d_vendorbin>, C<d_vendorlib>, C<d_vfork>, C<d_void_closedir>,
8095 C<d_voidsig>, C<d_voidtty>, C<d_volatile>, C<d_vprintf>, C<d_wait4>,
8096 C<d_waitpid>, C<d_wcstombs>, C<d_wctomb>, C<d_xenix>, C<date>,
8097 C<db_hashtype>, C<db_prefixtype>, C<defvoidused>, C<direntrytype>,
8098 C<dlext>, C<dlsrc>, C<doublesize>, C<drand01>, C<dynamic_ext>
8102 C<eagain>, C<ebcdic>, C<echo>, C<egrep>, C<emacs>, C<eunicefix>,
8103 C<exe_ext>, C<expr>, C<extensions>
8107 C<fflushall>, C<fflushNULL>, C<find>, C<firstmakefile>, C<flex>,
8108 C<fpossize>, C<fpostype>, C<freetype>, C<full_ar>, C<full_csh>, C<full_sed>
8112 C<gccosandvers>, C<gccversion>, C<gidformat>, C<gidsign>, C<gidsize>,
8113 C<gidtype>, C<glibpth>, C<grep>, C<groupcat>, C<groupstype>, C<gzip>
8117 C<h_fcntl>, C<h_sysfile>, C<hint>, C<hostcat>
8121 C<i16size>, C<i16type>, C<i32size>, C<i32type>, C<i64size>, C<i64type>,
8122 C<i8size>, C<i8type>, C<i_arpainet>, C<i_bsdioctl>, C<i_db>, C<i_dbm>,
8123 C<i_dirent>, C<i_dld>, C<i_dlfcn>, C<i_fcntl>, C<i_float>, C<i_gdbm>,
8124 C<i_grp>, C<i_iconv>, C<i_ieeefp>, C<i_inttypes>, C<i_libutil>,
8125 C<i_limits>, C<i_locale>, C<i_machcthr>, C<i_malloc>, C<i_math>,
8126 C<i_memory>, C<i_mntent>, C<i_ndbm>, C<i_netdb>, C<i_neterrno>,
8127 C<i_netinettcp>, C<i_niin>, C<i_poll>, C<i_prot>, C<i_pthread>, C<i_pwd>,
8128 C<i_rpcsvcdbm>, C<i_sfio>, C<i_sgtty>, C<i_shadow>, C<i_socks>,
8129 C<i_stdarg>, C<i_stddef>, C<i_stdlib>, C<i_string>, C<i_sunmath>,
8130 C<i_sysaccess>, C<i_sysdir>, C<i_sysfile>, C<i_sysfilio>, C<i_sysin>,
8131 C<i_sysioctl>, C<i_syslog>, C<i_sysmman>, C<i_sysmode>, C<i_sysmount>,
8132 C<i_sysndir>, C<i_sysparam>, C<i_sysresrc>, C<i_syssecrt>, C<i_sysselct>,
8133 C<i_syssockio>, C<i_sysstat>, C<i_sysstatfs>, C<i_sysstatvfs>,
8134 C<i_systime>, C<i_systimek>, C<i_systimes>, C<i_systypes>, C<i_sysuio>,
8135 C<i_sysun>, C<i_sysutsname>, C<i_sysvfs>, C<i_syswait>, C<i_termio>,
8136 C<i_termios>, C<i_time>, C<i_unistd>, C<i_ustat>, C<i_utime>, C<i_values>,
8137 C<i_varargs>, C<i_varhdr>, C<i_vfork>, C<ignore_versioned_solibs>,
8138 C<inc_version_list>, C<inc_version_list_init>, C<incpath>, C<inews>,
8139 C<installarchlib>, C<installbin>, C<installman1dir>, C<installman3dir>,
8140 C<installprefix>, C<installprefixexp>, C<installprivlib>, C<installscript>,
8141 C<installsitearch>, C<installsitebin>, C<installsitelib>, C<installstyle>,
8142 C<installusrbinperl>, C<installvendorarch>, C<installvendorbin>,
8143 C<installvendorlib>, C<intsize>, C<issymlink>, C<ivdformat>, C<ivsize>,
8148 C<known_extensions>, C<ksh>
8152 C<ld>, C<lddlflags>, C<ldflags>, C<ldflags_uselargefiles>, C<ldlibpthname>,
8153 C<less>, C<lib_ext>, C<libc>, C<libperl>, C<libpth>, C<libs>, C<libsdirs>,
8154 C<libsfiles>, C<libsfound>, C<libspath>, C<libswanted>,
8155 C<libswanted_uselargefiles>, C<line>, C<lint>, C<lkflags>, C<ln>, C<lns>,
8156 C<locincpth>, C<loclibpth>, C<longdblsize>, C<longlongsize>, C<longsize>,
8157 C<lp>, C<lpr>, C<ls>, C<lseeksize>, C<lseektype>
8161 C<mail>, C<mailx>, C<make>, C<make_set_make>, C<mallocobj>, C<mallocsrc>,
8162 C<malloctype>, C<man1dir>, C<man1direxp>, C<man1ext>, C<man3dir>,
8163 C<man3direxp>, C<man3ext>
8167 C<Mcc>, C<mips_type>, C<mkdir>, C<mmaptype>, C<modetype>, C<more>,
8168 C<multiarch>, C<mv>, C<myarchname>, C<mydomain>, C<myhostname>, C<myuname>
8172 C<n>, C<need_va_copy>, C<netdb_hlen_type>, C<netdb_host_type>,
8173 C<netdb_name_type>, C<netdb_net_type>, C<nm>, C<nm_opt>, C<nm_so_opt>,
8174 C<nonxs_ext>, C<nroff>, C<nveformat>, C<nvEUformat>, C<nvfformat>,
8175 C<nvFUformat>, C<nvgformat>, C<nvGUformat>, C<nvsize>, C<nvtype>
8179 C<o_nonblock>, C<obj_ext>, C<old_pthread_create_joinable>, C<optimize>,
8180 C<orderlib>, C<osname>, C<osvers>, C<otherlibdirs>
8184 C<package>, C<pager>, C<passcat>, C<patchlevel>, C<path_sep>, C<perl5>,
8189 C<PERL_REVISION>, C<PERL_SUBVERSION>, C<PERL_VERSION>, C<perladmin>,
8190 C<perllibs>, C<perlpath>, C<pg>, C<phostname>, C<pidtype>, C<plibpth>,
8191 C<pm_apiversion>, C<pmake>, C<pr>, C<prefix>, C<prefixexp>, C<privlib>,
8192 C<privlibexp>, C<prototype>, C<ptrsize>
8196 C<quadkind>, C<quadtype>
8200 C<randbits>, C<randfunc>, C<randseedtype>, C<ranlib>, C<rd_nodata>,
8201 C<revision>, C<rm>, C<rmail>, C<runnm>
8205 C<sched_yield>, C<scriptdir>, C<scriptdirexp>, C<sed>, C<seedfunc>,
8206 C<selectminbits>, C<selecttype>, C<sendmail>, C<sh>, C<shar>, C<sharpbang>,
8207 C<shmattype>, C<shortsize>, C<shrpenv>, C<shsharp>, C<sig_count>,
8208 C<sig_name>, C<sig_name_init>, C<sig_num>, C<sig_num_init>, C<sig_size>,
8209 C<signal_t>, C<sitearch>, C<sitearchexp>, C<sitebin>, C<sitebinexp>,
8210 C<sitelib>, C<sitelib_stem>, C<sitelibexp>, C<siteprefix>,
8211 C<siteprefixexp>, C<sizesize>, C<sizetype>, C<sleep>, C<smail>, C<so>,
8212 C<sockethdr>, C<socketlib>, C<socksizetype>, C<sort>, C<spackage>,
8213 C<spitshell>, C<sPRId64>, C<sPRIeldbl>, C<sPRIEUldbl>, C<sPRIfldbl>,
8214 C<sPRIFUldbl>, C<sPRIgldbl>, C<sPRIGUldbl>, C<sPRIi64>, C<sPRIo64>,
8215 C<sPRIu64>, C<sPRIx64>, C<sPRIXU64>, C<src>, C<sSCNfldbl>, C<ssizetype>,
8216 C<startperl>, C<startsh>, C<static_ext>, C<stdchar>, C<stdio_base>,
8217 C<stdio_bufsiz>, C<stdio_cnt>, C<stdio_filbuf>, C<stdio_ptr>,
8218 C<stdio_stream_array>, C<strings>, C<submit>, C<subversion>, C<sysman>
8222 C<tail>, C<tar>, C<tbl>, C<tee>, C<test>, C<timeincl>, C<timetype>,
8223 C<touch>, C<tr>, C<trnl>, C<troff>
8227 C<u16size>, C<u16type>, C<u32size>, C<u32type>, C<u64size>, C<u64type>,
8228 C<u8size>, C<u8type>, C<uidformat>, C<uidsign>, C<uidsize>, C<uidtype>,
8229 C<uname>, C<uniq>, C<uquadtype>, C<use5005threads>, C<use64bitall>,
8230 C<use64bitint>, C<usedl>, C<useithreads>, C<uselargefiles>,
8231 C<uselongdouble>, C<usemorebits>, C<usemultiplicity>, C<usemymalloc>,
8232 C<usenm>, C<useopcode>, C<useperlio>, C<useposix>, C<usesfio>,
8233 C<useshrplib>, C<usesocks>, C<usethreads>, C<usevendorprefix>, C<usevfork>,
8234 C<usrinc>, C<uuname>, C<uvoformat>, C<uvsize>, C<uvtype>, C<uvuformat>,
8235 C<uvxformat>, C<uvXUformat>
8239 C<vendorarch>, C<vendorarchexp>, C<vendorbin>, C<vendorbinexp>,
8240 C<vendorlib>, C<vendorlib_stem>, C<vendorlibexp>, C<vendorprefix>,
8241 C<vendorprefixexp>, C<version>, C<versiononly>, C<vi>, C<voidflags>
8245 C<xlibpth>, C<xs_apiversion>
8257 =head2 Cwd, getcwd - get pathname of current working directory
8267 =head2 DB - programmatic interface to the Perl debugging API (draft,
8279 =item Global Variables
8281 $DB::sub, %DB::sub, $DB::single, $DB::signal, $DB::trace, @DB::args,
8282 @DB::dbline, %DB::dbline, $DB::package, $DB::filename, $DB::subname,
8287 CLIENT->register(), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->skippkg('D::hide'),
8288 CLIENT->run(), CLIENT->step(), CLIENT->next(), CLIENT->done()
8290 =item Client Callback Methods
8292 CLIENT->init(), CLIENT->prestop([STRING]), CLIENT->stop(), CLIENT->idle(),
8293 CLIENT->poststop([STRING]), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->cleanup(),
8294 CLIENT->output(LIST)
8304 =head2 DB_File - Perl5 access to Berkeley DB version 1.x
8312 B<DB_HASH>, B<DB_BTREE>, B<DB_RECNO>
8316 =item Using DB_File with Berkeley DB version 2 or 3
8318 =item Interface to Berkeley DB
8320 =item Opening a Berkeley DB Database File
8322 =item Default Parameters
8324 =item In Memory Databases
8332 =item A Simple Example
8340 =item Changing the BTREE sort order
8342 =item Handling Duplicate Keys
8344 =item The get_dup() Method
8346 =item The find_dup() Method
8348 =item The del_dup() Method
8350 =item Matching Partial Keys
8358 =item The 'bval' Option
8360 =item A Simple Example
8362 =item Extra RECNO Methods
8364 B<$X-E<gt>push(list) ;>, B<$value = $X-E<gt>pop ;>, B<$X-E<gt>shift>,
8365 B<$X-E<gt>unshift(list) ;>, B<$X-E<gt>length>
8367 =item Another Example
8371 =item THE API INTERFACE
8373 B<$status = $X-E<gt>get($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status =
8374 $X-E<gt>put($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>del($key [,
8375 $flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>fd ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>seq($key,
8376 $value, $flags) ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>sync([$flags]) ;>
8380 B<filter_store_key>, B<filter_store_value>, B<filter_fetch_key>,
8381 B<filter_fetch_value>
8387 =item An Example -- the NULL termination problem.
8389 =item Another Example -- Key is a C int.
8393 =item HINTS AND TIPS
8397 =item Locking: The Trouble with fd
8399 =item Safe ways to lock a database
8401 B<Tie::DB_Lock>, B<Tie::DB_LockFile>, B<DB_File::Lock>
8403 =item Sharing Databases With C Applications
8405 =item The untie() Gotcha
8409 =item COMMON QUESTIONS
8413 =item Why is there Perl source in my database?
8415 =item How do I store complex data structures with DB_File?
8417 =item What does "Invalid Argument" mean?
8419 =item What does "Bareword 'DB_File' not allowed" mean?
8439 =head2 Data::Dumper - stringified perl data structures, suitable for both
8440 printing and C<eval>
8452 I<PACKAGE>->new(I<ARRAYREF [>, I<ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Dump I<or>
8453 I<PACKAGE>->Dump(I<ARRAYREF [>, I<ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Seen(I<[HASHREF]>),
8454 I<$OBJ>->Values(I<[ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Names(I<[ARRAYREF]>),
8461 =item Configuration Variables or Methods
8463 $Data::Dumper::Indent I<or> I<$OBJ>->Indent(I<[NEWVAL]>),
8464 $Data::Dumper::Purity I<or> I<$OBJ>->Purity(I<[NEWVAL]>),
8465 $Data::Dumper::Pad I<or> I<$OBJ>->Pad(I<[NEWVAL]>),
8466 $Data::Dumper::Varname I<or> I<$OBJ>->Varname(I<[NEWVAL]>),
8467 $Data::Dumper::Useqq I<or> I<$OBJ>->Useqq(I<[NEWVAL]>),
8468 $Data::Dumper::Terse I<or> I<$OBJ>->Terse(I<[NEWVAL]>),
8469 $Data::Dumper::Freezer I<or> $I<OBJ>->Freezer(I<[NEWVAL]>),
8470 $Data::Dumper::Toaster I<or> $I<OBJ>->Toaster(I<[NEWVAL]>),
8471 $Data::Dumper::Deepcopy I<or> $I<OBJ>->Deepcopy(I<[NEWVAL]>),
8472 $Data::Dumper::Quotekeys I<or> $I<OBJ>->Quotekeys(I<[NEWVAL]>),
8473 $Data::Dumper::Bless I<or> $I<OBJ>->Bless(I<[NEWVAL]>),
8474 $Data::Dumper::Maxdepth I<or> $I<OBJ>->Maxdepth(I<[NEWVAL]>)
8494 =head2 Devel::DProf - a Perl code profiler
8502 =item PROFILE FORMAT
8514 =head2 Devel::Peek - A data debugging tool for the XS programmer
8524 =item Memory footprint debugging
8532 =item A simple scalar string
8534 =item A simple scalar number
8536 =item A simple scalar with an extra reference
8538 =item A reference to a simple scalar
8540 =item A reference to an array
8542 =item A reference to a hash
8544 =item Dumping a large array or hash
8546 =item A reference to an SV which holds a C pointer
8548 =item A reference to a subroutine
8562 =head2 Devel::SelfStubber - generate stubs for a SelfLoading module
8572 =head2 DirHandle - supply object methods for directory handles
8582 =head2 Dumpvalue - provides screen dump of Perl data.
8594 C<arrayDepth>, C<hashDepth>, C<compactDump>, C<veryCompact>, C<globPrint>,
8595 C<DumpDBFiles>, C<DumpPackages>, C<DumpReused>, C<tick>, C<HighBit>,
8596 C<printUndef>, C<UsageOnly>, unctrl, subdump, bareStringify, quoteHighBit,
8601 dumpValue, dumpValues, dumpvars, set_quote, set_unctrl, compactDump,
8602 veryCompact, set, get
8608 =head2 DynaLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code
8616 @dl_library_path, @dl_resolve_using, @dl_require_symbols, @dl_librefs,
8617 @dl_modules, dl_error(), $dl_debug, dl_findfile(), dl_expandspec(),
8618 dl_load_file(), dl_unload_file(), dl_loadflags(), dl_find_symbol(),
8619 dl_find_symbol_anywhere(), dl_undef_symbols(), dl_install_xsub(),
8626 =head2 DynaLoader::XSLoader, XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into
8639 =head2 Encode - character encodings
8649 =item chars With Encoding
8651 =item Testing For UTF-8
8653 =item Toggling UTF-8-ness
8655 =item UTF-16 and UTF-32 Encodings
8657 =item Handling Malformed Data
8661 =head2 Encode::EncodeFormat, EncodeFormat - the format of encoding tables
8662 of the Encode extension
8668 [1] B<S>, [2] B<D>, [3] B<M>, [4] B<E>
8676 =head2 EncodeFormat - the format of encoding tables of the Encode extension
8682 [1] B<S>, [2] B<D>, [3] B<M>, [4] B<E>
8690 =head2 English - use nice English (or awk) names for ugly punctuation
8703 =head2 Env - perl module that imports environment variables as scalars or
8718 =head2 Errno - System errno constants
8734 =head2 Exporter - Implements default import method for modules
8746 =item Selecting What To Export
8748 =item Specialised Import Lists
8750 =item Exporting without using Export's import method
8752 =item Module Version Checking
8754 =item Managing Unknown Symbols
8756 =item Tag Handling Utility Functions
8762 =head2 Exporter::Heavy - Exporter guts
8772 =head2 ExtUtils::Command - utilities to replace common UNIX commands in
8793 mv source... destination
8795 cp source... destination
8813 =head2 ExtUtils::Embed - Utilities for embedding Perl in C/C++ applications
8825 xsinit(), Examples, ldopts(), Examples, perl_inc(), ccflags(), ccdlflags(),
8826 ccopts(), xsi_header(), xsi_protos(@modules), xsi_body(@modules)
8836 =head2 ExtUtils::Install - install files from here to there
8846 =head2 ExtUtils::Installed - Inventory management of installed modules
8858 new(), modules(), files(), directories(), directory_tree(), validate(),
8859 packlist(), version()
8867 =head2 ExtUtils::Liblist - determine libraries to use and how to use them
8875 For static extensions, For dynamic extensions, For dynamic extensions
8881 =item LDLOADLIBS and LD_RUN_PATH
8891 =item VMS implementation
8893 =item Win32 implementation
8901 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
8910 canonpath, cflags, manifypods, perl_archive
8914 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_OS2 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
8925 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Unix - methods used by ExtUtils::MakeMaker
8937 =item Preloaded methods
8957 =item SelfLoaded methods
9003 file_name_is_absolute
9009 =item Methods to actually produce chunks of text for the Makefile
9049 maybe_command_in_dirs
9087 replace_manpage_separator
9101 test_via_harness (o)
9131 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_VMS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
9142 =item Methods always loaded
9154 =item SelfLoaded methods
9156 guess_name (override)
9160 find_perl (override)
9164 maybe_command (override)
9166 maybe_command_in_dirs (override)
9168 perl_script (override)
9170 file_name_is_absolute (override)
9172 replace_manpage_separator
9174 init_others (override)
9176 constants (override)
9180 const_cccmd (override)
9182 pm_to_blib (override)
9184 tool_autosplit (override)
9186 tool_sxubpp (override)
9188 xsubpp_version (override)
9190 tools_other (override)
9200 top_targets (override)
9204 dynamic_lib (override)
9206 dynamic_bs (override)
9208 static_lib (override)
9210 manifypods (override)
9212 processPL (override)
9214 installbin (override)
9220 realclean (override)
9222 dist_basics (override)
9224 dist_core (override)
9228 dist_test (override)
9232 perldepend (override)
9238 test_via_harness (override)
9240 test_via_script (override)
9242 makeaperl (override)
9246 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Win32 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
9273 test_via_harness (o)
9275 tool_autosplit (override)
9293 =head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker - create an extension Makefile
9303 =item How To Write A Makefile.PL
9305 =item Default Makefile Behaviour
9313 =item PREFIX and LIB attribute
9317 =item Static Linking of a new Perl Binary
9319 =item Determination of Perl Library and Installation Locations
9321 =item Which architecture dependent directory?
9323 =item Using Attributes and Parameters
9325 ABSTRACT, ABSTRACT_FROM, AUTHOR, BINARY_LOCATION, C, CAPI, CCFLAGS, CONFIG,
9326 CONFIGURE, DEFINE, DIR, DISTNAME, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, EXCLUDE_EXT,
9327 EXE_FILES, FIRST_MAKEFILE, FULLPERL, FUNCLIST, H, HTMLLIBPODS,
9328 HTMLSCRIPTPODS, IMPORTS, INC, INCLUDE_EXT, INSTALLARCHLIB, INSTALLBIN,
9329 INSTALLDIRS, INSTALLHTMLPRIVLIBDIR, INSTALLHTMLSCRIPTDIR,
9330 INSTALLHTMLSITELIBDIR, INSTALLMAN1DIR, INSTALLMAN3DIR, INSTALLPRIVLIB,
9331 INSTALLSCRIPT, INSTALLSITEARCH, INSTALLSITELIB, INST_ARCHLIB, INST_BIN,
9332 INST_EXE, INST_HTMLLIBDIR, INST_HTMLSCRIPTDIR, INST_LIB, INST_MAN1DIR,
9333 INST_MAN3DIR, INST_SCRIPT, LDFROM, LIB, LIBPERL_A, LIBS, LINKTYPE,
9334 MAKEAPERL, MAKEFILE, MAN1PODS, MAN3PODS, MAP_TARGET, MYEXTLIB, NAME,
9335 NEEDS_LINKING, NOECHO, NORECURS, NO_VC, OBJECT, OPTIMIZE, PERL, PERLMAINCC,
9336 PERL_ARCHLIB, PERL_LIB, PERL_MALLOC_OK, PERL_SRC, PERM_RW, PERM_RWX,
9337 PL_FILES, PM, PMLIBDIRS, PM_FILTER, POLLUTE, PPM_INSTALL_EXEC,
9338 PPM_INSTALL_SCRIPT, PREFIX, PREREQ_PM, SKIP, TYPEMAPS, VERSION,
9339 VERSION_FROM, XS, XSOPT, XSPROTOARG, XS_VERSION
9341 =item Additional lowercase attributes
9343 clean, depend, dist, dynamic_lib, linkext, macro, realclean, test,
9346 =item Overriding MakeMaker Methods
9348 =item Hintsfile support
9350 =item Distribution Support
9352 make distcheck, make skipcheck, make distclean, make manifest,
9353 make distdir, make tardist, make dist, make uutardist, make
9354 shdist, make zipdist, make ci
9356 =item Disabling an extension
9370 =head2 ExtUtils::Manifest - utilities to write and check a MANIFEST file
9382 =item GLOBAL VARIABLES
9386 C<Not in MANIFEST:> I<file>, C<No such file:> I<file>, C<MANIFEST:> I<$!>,
9387 C<Added to MANIFEST:> I<file>
9391 B<PERL_MM_MANIFEST_DEBUG>
9399 =head2 ExtUtils::Miniperl, writemain - write the C code for perlmain.c
9411 =head2 ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap - make a bootstrap file for use by DynaLoader
9421 =head2 ExtUtils::Mksymlists - write linker options files for dynamic
9430 DLBASE, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, FILE, FUNCLIST, IMPORTS, NAME
9438 =head2 ExtUtils::Packlist - manage .packlist files
9450 new(), read(), write(), validate(), packlist_file()
9458 =head2 ExtUtils::testlib - add blib/* directories to @INC
9468 =head2 Fatal - replace functions with equivalents which succeed or die
9480 =head2 Fcntl - load the C Fcntl.h defines
9490 =item EXPORTED SYMBOLS
9494 =head2 File::Basename, fileparse - split a pathname into pieces
9502 fileparse_set_fstype, fileparse
9506 C<basename>, C<dirname>
9510 =head2 File::CheckTree, validate - run many filetest checks on a tree
9520 =head2 File::Compare - Compare files or filehandles
9534 =head2 File::Copy - Copy files or filehandles
9544 =item Special behaviour if C<syscopy> is defined (OS/2, VMS and Win32)
9546 rmscopy($from,$to[,$date_flag])
9556 =head2 File::DosGlob - DOS like globbing and then some
9564 =item EXPORTS (by request only)
9576 =head2 File::Find, find - traverse a file tree
9584 C<wanted>, C<bydepth>, C<preprocess>, C<postprocess>, C<follow>,
9585 C<follow_fast>, C<follow_skip>, C<no_chdir>, C<untaint>,
9586 C<untaint_pattern>, C<untaint_skip>
9592 =head2 File::Glob - Perl extension for BSD glob routine
9600 C<GLOB_ERR>, C<GLOB_MARK>, C<GLOB_NOCASE>, C<GLOB_NOCHECK>, C<GLOB_NOSORT>,
9601 C<GLOB_BRACE>, C<GLOB_NOMAGIC>, C<GLOB_QUOTE>, C<GLOB_TILDE>, C<GLOB_CSH>
9605 C<GLOB_NOSPACE>, C<GLOB_ABEND>
9613 =head2 File::Path - create or remove directory trees
9625 =head2 File::Spec - portably perform operations on file names
9639 =head2 File::Spec::Epoc - methods for Epoc file specs
9673 =head2 File::Spec::Functions - portably perform operations on file names
9691 =head2 File::Spec::Mac - File::Spec for MacOS
9719 file_name_is_absolute
9739 =head2 File::Spec::OS2 - methods for OS/2 file specs
9749 =head2 File::Spec::Unix - methods used by File::Spec
9781 file_name_is_absolute
9803 =head2 File::Spec::VMS - methods for VMS file specs
9819 =item Methods always loaded
9821 canonpath (override)
9839 case_tolerant (override)
9843 file_name_is_absolute (override)
9845 splitpath (override)
9861 =head2 File::Spec::Win32 - methods for Win32 file specs
9891 =head2 File::Temp - return name and handle of a temporary file safely
9915 =item MKTEMP FUNCTIONS
9929 =item POSIX FUNCTIONS
9939 =item ADDITIONAL FUNCTIONS
9947 =item UTILITY FUNCTIONS
9955 =item PACKAGE VARIABLES
9957 B<safe_level>, STANDARD, MEDIUM, HIGH
9969 =item Temporary files and NFS
9981 =head2 File::stat - by-name interface to Perl's built-in stat() functions
9995 =head2 FileCache - keep more files open than the system permits
10007 =head2 FileHandle - supply object methods for filehandles
10015 $fh->print, $fh->printf, $fh->getline, $fh->getlines
10021 =head2 Filter::Simple - Simplified source filtering
10045 =head2 Filter::Util::Call - Perl Source Filter Utility Module
10051 use Filter::Util::Call ;
10057 =item B<use Filter::Util::Call>
10061 =item B<filter() and anonymous sub>
10063 B<$_>, B<$status>, B<filter_read> and B<filter_read_exact>, B<filter_del>
10071 =item Example 1: A simple filter.
10073 =item Example 2: Using the context
10075 =item Example 3: Using the context within the filter
10077 =item Example 4: Using filter_del
10087 =head2 FindBin - Locate directory of original perl script
10095 =item EXPORTABLE VARIABLES
10105 =head2 GDBM_File - Perl5 access to the gdbm library.
10121 =head2 Getopt::Long - Extended processing of command line options
10129 =item Command Line Options, an Introduction
10131 =item Getting Started with Getopt::Long
10135 =item Simple options
10137 =item A little bit less simple options
10139 =item Mixing command line option with other arguments
10141 =item Options with values
10143 =item Options with multiple values
10145 =item Options with hash values
10147 =item User-defined subroutines to handle options
10149 =item Options with multiple names
10151 =item Case and abbreviations
10153 =item Summary of Option Specifications
10155 !, +, s, i, f, : I<type> [ I<desttype> ]
10159 =item Advanced Possibilities
10163 =item Object oriented interface
10165 =item Documentation and help texts
10167 =item Storing options in a hash
10171 =item The lonesome dash
10173 =item Argument call-back
10177 =item Configuring Getopt::Long
10179 default, posix_default, auto_abbrev, getopt_compat, gnu_compat, gnu_getopt,
10180 require_order, permute, bundling (default: disabled), bundling_override
10181 (default: disabled), ignore_case (default: enabled), ignore_case_always
10182 (default: disabled), pass_through (default: disabled), prefix,
10183 prefix_pattern, debug (default: disabled)
10185 =item Return values and Errors
10191 =item Default destinations
10193 =item Alternative option starters
10195 =item Configuration variables
10199 =item Trouble Shooting
10203 =item Warning: Ignoring '!' modifier for short option
10205 =item GetOptions does not return a false result when an option is not
10212 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER
10216 =head2 Getopt::Std, getopt - Process single-character switches with switch
10227 =head2 I18N::Collate - compare 8-bit scalar data according to the current
10238 =head2 IO - load various IO modules
10248 =head2 IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory handles
10256 new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (),
10257 rewind (), close (), tie %hash, IO::Dir, DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ]
10267 =head2 IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles
10277 new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile
10281 open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] )
10289 =head2 IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O handles
10299 new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE )
10303 $io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines,
10304 $io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ), $io->error,
10305 $io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush ( ARGS ),
10306 $io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint
10318 =head2 IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes
10328 new ( [READER, WRITER] )
10332 reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles ()
10342 =head2 IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call
10352 mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ), remove (
10353 IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] )
10363 =head2 IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for I/O objects
10371 $io->getpos, $io->setpos, $io->setpos ( POS, WHENCE ), WHENCE=0 (SEEK_SET),
10372 WHENCE=1 (SEEK_CUR), WHENCE=1 (SEEK_END), $io->sysseek( POS, WHENCE ),
10379 =head2 IO::Select - OO interface to the select system call
10389 new ( [ HANDLES ] )
10393 add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read (
10394 [ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ),
10395 count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, ERROR [, TIMEOUT ] )
10405 =head2 IO::Socket - Object interface to socket communications
10419 accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), timeout([VAL]),
10420 sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), sockdomain, socktype, protocol, connected
10430 =head2 IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for AF_INET domain sockets
10446 sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost
10459 =head2 IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for AF_UNIX domain sockets
10473 hostpath(), peerpath()
10483 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Dir, IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory
10492 new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (),
10493 rewind (), close (), tie %hash, IO::Dir, DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ]
10503 =head2 IO::lib::IO::File, IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles
10513 new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile
10517 open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] )
10525 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Handle, IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O
10536 new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE )
10540 $io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines,
10541 $io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ), $io->error,
10542 $io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush ( ARGS ),
10543 $io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint
10555 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Pipe, IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes
10565 new ( [READER, WRITER] )
10569 reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles ()
10579 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Poll, IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call
10589 mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ), remove (
10590 IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] )
10600 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Seekable, IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for
10609 $io->getpos, $io->setpos, $io->setpos ( POS, WHENCE ), WHENCE=0 (SEEK_SET),
10610 WHENCE=1 (SEEK_CUR), WHENCE=1 (SEEK_END), $io->sysseek( POS, WHENCE ),
10617 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Select, IO::Select - OO interface to the select system
10628 new ( [ HANDLES ] )
10632 add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read (
10633 [ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ),
10634 count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, ERROR [, TIMEOUT ] )
10644 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket, IO::Socket - Object interface to socket
10659 accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), timeout([VAL]),
10660 sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), sockdomain, socktype, protocol, connected
10670 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket::INET, IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for
10671 AF_INET domain sockets
10687 sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost
10700 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket::UNIX, IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for
10701 AF_UNIX domain sockets
10715 hostpath(), peerpath()
10725 =head2 IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class
10735 new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set
10736 ( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [,
10747 =head2 IPC::Open2, open2 - open a process for both reading and writing
10761 =head2 IPC::Open3, open3 - open a process for reading, writing, and error
10774 =head2 IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object class
10784 new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ),
10785 getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ),
10786 set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N
10797 =head2 IPC::SysV - SysV IPC constants
10815 =head2 IPC::SysV::Msg, IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class
10825 new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set
10826 ( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [,
10837 =head2 IPC::SysV::Semaphore, IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object
10848 new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ),
10849 getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ),
10850 set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N
10861 =head2 Math::BigFloat - Arbitrary length float math package
10869 number format, Error returns 'NaN', Division is computed to, Rounding is
10878 =head2 Math::BigInt - Arbitrary size integer math package
10886 Canonical notation, Input, Output
10890 =item Autocreating constants
10898 =head2 Math::Complex - complex numbers and associated mathematical
10911 =item STRINGIFICATION
10915 =item CHANGED IN PERL 5.6
10921 =item ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO OR LOGARITHM OF ZERO
10923 =item ERRORS DUE TO INDIGESTIBLE ARGUMENTS
10931 =head2 Math::Trig - trigonometric functions
10939 =item TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS
10945 =item ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO
10947 =item SIMPLE (REAL) ARGUMENTS, COMPLEX RESULTS
10951 =item PLANE ANGLE CONVERSIONS
10953 =item RADIAL COORDINATE CONVERSIONS
10957 =item COORDINATE SYSTEMS
10959 =item 3-D ANGLE CONVERSIONS
10961 cartesian_to_cylindrical, cartesian_to_spherical, cylindrical_to_cartesian,
10962 cylindrical_to_spherical, spherical_to_cartesian, spherical_to_cylindrical
10966 =item GREAT CIRCLE DISTANCES
10976 =head2 NDBM_File - Tied access to ndbm files
10982 C<O_RDONLY>, C<O_WRONLY>, C<O_RDWR>
10988 =item C<ndbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...>
10992 =item BUGS AND WARNINGS
10996 =head2 Net::Ping - check a remote host for reachability
11008 Net::Ping->new([$proto [, $def_timeout [, $bytes]]]);, $p->ping($host [,
11009 $timeout]);, $p->close();, pingecho($host [, $timeout]);
11019 =head2 Net::hostent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gethost*()
11036 =head2 Net::netent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getnet*()
11053 =head2 Net::protoent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getproto*()
11068 =head2 Net::servent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getserv*()
11085 =head2 O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends
11095 =item IMPLEMENTATION
11101 =head2 ODBM_File - Tied access to odbm files
11107 C<O_RDONLY>, C<O_WRONLY>, C<O_RDWR>
11113 =item C<odbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...>
11117 =item BUGS AND WARNINGS
11121 =head2 Opcode - Disable named opcodes when compiling perl code
11133 =item Operator Names and Operator Lists
11135 an operator name (opname), an operator tag name (optag), a negated opname
11136 or optag, an operator set (opset)
11138 =item Opcode Functions
11140 opcodes, opset (OP, ...), opset_to_ops (OPSET), opset_to_hex (OPSET),
11141 full_opset, empty_opset, invert_opset (OPSET), verify_opset (OPSET, ...),
11142 define_optag (OPTAG, OPSET), opmask_add (OPSET), opmask, opdesc (OP, ...),
11145 =item Manipulating Opsets
11147 =item TO DO (maybe)
11153 =item Predefined Opcode Tags
11155 :base_core, :base_mem, :base_loop, :base_io, :base_orig, :base_math,
11156 :base_thread, :default, :filesys_read, :sys_db, :browse, :filesys_open,
11157 :filesys_write, :subprocess, :ownprocess, :others, :still_to_be_decided,
11166 =head2 Opcode::Safe, Safe - Compile and execute code in restricted
11175 a new namespace, an operator mask
11181 =item RECENT CHANGES
11183 =item Methods in class Safe
11185 permit (OP, ...), permit_only (OP, ...), deny (OP, ...), deny_only (OP,
11186 ...), trap (OP, ...), untrap (OP, ...), share (NAME, ...), share_from
11187 (PACKAGE, ARRAYREF), varglob (VARNAME), reval (STRING), rdo (FILENAME),
11188 root (NAMESPACE), mask (MASK)
11190 =item Some Safety Issues
11192 Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes
11200 =head2 Opcode::ops, ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when
11213 =head2 POSIX - Perl interface to IEEE Std 1003.1
11227 _exit, abort, abs, access, acos, alarm, asctime, asin, assert, atan, atan2,
11228 atexit, atof, atoi, atol, bsearch, calloc, ceil, chdir, chmod, chown,
11229 clearerr, clock, close, closedir, cos, cosh, creat, ctermid, ctime,
11230 cuserid, difftime, div, dup, dup2, errno, execl, execle, execlp, execv,
11231 execve, execvp, exit, exp, fabs, fclose, fcntl, fdopen, feof, ferror,
11232 fflush, fgetc, fgetpos, fgets, fileno, floor, fmod, fopen, fork, fpathconf,
11233 fprintf, fputc, fputs, fread, free, freopen, frexp, fscanf, fseek, fsetpos,
11234 fstat, ftell, fwrite, getc, getchar, getcwd, getegid, getenv, geteuid,
11235 getgid, getgrgid, getgrnam, getgroups, getlogin, getpgrp, getpid, getppid,
11236 getpwnam, getpwuid, gets, getuid, gmtime, isalnum, isalpha, isatty,
11237 iscntrl, isdigit, isgraph, islower, isprint, ispunct, isspace, isupper,
11238 isxdigit, kill, labs, ldexp, ldiv, link, localeconv, localtime, log, log10,
11239 longjmp, lseek, malloc, mblen, mbstowcs, mbtowc, memchr, memcmp, memcpy,
11240 memmove, memset, mkdir, mkfifo, mktime, modf, nice, offsetof, open,
11241 opendir, pathconf, pause, perror, pipe, pow, printf, putc, putchar, puts,
11242 qsort, raise, rand, read, readdir, realloc, remove, rename, rewind,
11243 rewinddir, rmdir, scanf, setgid, setjmp, setlocale, setpgid, setsid,
11244 setuid, sigaction, siglongjmp, sigpending, sigprocmask, sigsetjmp,
11245 sigsuspend, sin, sinh, sleep, sprintf, sqrt, srand, sscanf, stat, strcat,
11246 strchr, strcmp, strcoll, strcpy, strcspn, strerror, strftime, strlen,
11247 strncat, strncmp, strncpy, strpbrk, strrchr, strspn, strstr, strtod,
11248 strtok, strtol, strtoul, strxfrm, sysconf, system, tan, tanh, tcdrain,
11249 tcflow, tcflush, tcgetpgrp, tcsendbreak, tcsetpgrp, time, times, tmpfile,
11250 tmpnam, tolower, toupper, ttyname, tzname, tzset, umask, uname, ungetc,
11251 unlink, utime, vfprintf, vprintf, vsprintf, wait, waitpid, wcstombs,
11258 =item POSIX::SigAction
11262 =item POSIX::SigSet
11264 new, addset, delset, emptyset, fillset, ismember
11266 =item POSIX::Termios
11268 new, getattr, getcc, getcflag, getiflag, getispeed, getlflag, getoflag,
11269 getospeed, setattr, setcc, setcflag, setiflag, setispeed, setlflag,
11270 setoflag, setospeed, Baud rate values, Terminal interface values, c_cc
11271 field values, c_cflag field values, c_iflag field values, c_lflag field
11272 values, c_oflag field values
11276 =item PATHNAME CONSTANTS
11280 =item POSIX CONSTANTS
11284 =item SYSTEM CONFIGURATION
11342 =head2 Pod::Checker, podchecker() - check pod documents for syntax errors
11348 =item OPTIONS/ARGUMENTS
11354 B<-warnings> =E<gt> I<val>
11366 empty =headn, =over on line I<N> without closing =back, =item without
11367 previous =over, =back without previous =over, No argument for =begin, =end
11368 without =begin, Nested =begin's, =for without formatter specification,
11369 unresolved internal link I<NAME>, Unknown command "I<CMD>", Unknown
11370 interior-sequence "I<SEQ>", nested commands
11371 I<CMD>E<lt>...I<CMD>E<lt>...E<gt>...E<gt>, garbled entity I<STRING>, Entity
11372 number out of range, malformed link LE<lt>E<gt>, nonempty ZE<lt>E<gt>,
11373 empty XE<lt>E<gt>, Spurious text after =pod / =cut, Spurious character(s)
11378 multiple occurence of link target I<name>, line containing nothing but
11379 whitespace in paragraph, file does not start with =head, No numeric
11380 argument for =over, previous =item has no contents, preceding non-item
11381 paragraph(s), =item type mismatch (I<one> vs. I<two>), I<N> unescaped
11382 C<E<lt>E<gt>> in paragraph, Unknown entity, No items in =over, No argument
11383 for =item, empty section in previous paragraph, Verbatim paragraph in NAME
11388 collapsing newlines to blanks, ignoring leading/trailing whitespace in
11389 link, (section) in '$page' deprecated, alternative text/node '%s' contains
11402 C<Pod::Checker-E<gt>new( %options )>
11404 C<$checker-E<gt>poderror( @args )>, C<$checker-E<gt>poderror( {%opts},
11407 C<$checker-E<gt>num_errors()>
11409 C<$checker-E<gt>name()>
11411 C<$checker-E<gt>node()>
11413 C<$checker-E<gt>idx()>
11415 C<$checker-E<gt>hyperlink()>
11423 =head2 Pod::Find - find POD documents in directory trees
11435 =item C<pod_find( { %opts } , @directories )>
11437 C<-verbose =E<gt> 1>, C<-perl =E<gt> 1>, C<-script =E<gt> 1>, C<-inc =E<gt>
11444 =item C<simplify_name( $str )>
11450 =item C<pod_where( { %opts }, $pod )>
11452 C<-inc =E<gt> 1>, C<-dirs =E<gt> [ $dir1, $dir2, ... ]>, C<-verbose =E<gt>
11459 =item C<contains_pod( $file , $verbose )>
11471 =head2 Pod::Html - module to convert pod files to HTML
11481 backlink, css, flush, header, help, htmldir, htmlroot, index, infile,
11482 libpods, netscape, outfile, podpath, podroot, quiet, recurse, title,
11497 =head2 Pod::InputObjects - objects representing POD input paragraphs,
11510 package B<Pod::InputSource>, package B<Pod::Paragraph>, package
11511 B<Pod::InteriorSequence>, package B<Pod::ParseTree>
11517 =item B<Pod::InputSource>
11541 =item B<was_cutting()>
11547 =item B<Pod::Paragraph>
11553 =item Pod::Paragraph-E<gt>B<new()>
11559 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<cmd_name()>
11565 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<text()>
11571 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<raw_text()>
11577 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<cmd_prefix()>
11583 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<cmd_separator()>
11589 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<parse_tree()>
11595 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<file_line()>
11601 =item B<Pod::InteriorSequence>
11607 =item Pod::InteriorSequence-E<gt>B<new()>
11613 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<cmd_name()>
11619 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<prepend()>
11625 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<append()>
11631 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<nested()>
11637 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<raw_text()>
11643 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<left_delimiter()>
11649 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<right_delimiter()>
11655 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<parse_tree()>
11661 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<file_line()>
11667 =item Pod::InteriorSequence::B<DESTROY()>
11673 =item B<Pod::ParseTree>
11679 =item Pod::ParseTree-E<gt>B<new()>
11685 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<top()>
11691 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<children()>
11697 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<prepend()>
11703 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<append()>
11709 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<raw_text()>
11715 =item Pod::ParseTree::B<DESTROY()>
11727 =head2 Pod::LaTeX - Convert Pod data to formatted Latex
11739 =item OBJECT METHODS
11747 =item Data Accessors
11763 B<ReplaceNAMEwithSection>
11765 B<StartWithNewPage>
11779 =item Subclassed methods
11793 B<interior_sequence>
11809 =item Methods for headings
11817 =item Internal methods
11823 B<_replace_special_chars>
11829 B<_clean_latex_commands>
11845 =head2 Pod::Man - Convert POD data to formatted *roff input
11853 center, date, fixed, fixedbold, fixeditalic, fixedbolditalic, quotes,
11858 roff font should be 1 or 2 chars, not "%s", Invalid link %s, Invalid quote
11859 specification "%s", %s:%d: Unknown command paragraph "%s", Unknown escape
11860 EE<lt>%sE<gt>, Unknown sequence %s, %s: Unknown command paragraph "%s" on
11861 line %d, Unmatched =back
11871 =head2 Pod::ParseUtils - helpers for POD parsing and conversion
11885 Pod::List-E<gt>new()
11893 $list-E<gt>indent()
11901 $list-E<gt>parent()
11907 =item Pod::Hyperlink
11909 Pod::Hyperlink-E<gt>new()
11913 $link-E<gt>parse($string)
11915 $link-E<gt>markup($string)
11919 $link-E<gt>warning()
11921 $link-E<gt>file(), $link-E<gt>line()
11927 $link-E<gt>alttext()
11937 Pod::Cache-E<gt>new()
11943 $cache-E<gt>find_page($name)
11947 =item Pod::Cache::Item
11949 Pod::Cache::Item-E<gt>new()
11953 $cacheitem-E<gt>page()
11955 $cacheitem-E<gt>description()
11957 $cacheitem-E<gt>path()
11959 $cacheitem-E<gt>file()
11961 $cacheitem-E<gt>nodes()
11963 $cacheitem-E<gt>find_node($name)
11965 $cacheitem-E<gt>idx()
11975 =head2 Pod::Parser - base class for creating POD filters and translators
11987 =item QUICK OVERVIEW
11989 =item PARSING OPTIONS
11991 B<-want_nonPODs> (default: unset), B<-process_cut_cmd> (default: unset),
11992 B<-warnings> (default: unset)
11998 =item RECOMMENDED SUBROUTINE/METHOD OVERRIDES
12006 C<$cmd>, C<$text>, C<$line_num>, C<$pod_para>
12012 =item B<verbatim()>
12014 C<$text>, C<$line_num>, C<$pod_para>
12020 =item B<textblock()>
12022 C<$text>, C<$line_num>, C<$pod_para>
12028 =item B<interior_sequence()>
12034 =item OPTIONAL SUBROUTINE/METHOD OVERRIDES
12046 =item B<initialize()>
12052 =item B<begin_pod()>
12058 =item B<begin_input()>
12064 =item B<end_input()>
12076 =item B<preprocess_line()>
12082 =item B<preprocess_paragraph()>
12088 =item METHODS FOR PARSING AND PROCESSING
12094 =item B<parse_text()>
12096 B<-expand_seq> =E<gt> I<code-ref>|I<method-name>, B<-expand_text> =E<gt>
12097 I<code-ref>|I<method-name>, B<-expand_ptree> =E<gt>
12098 I<code-ref>|I<method-name>
12104 =item B<interpolate()>
12110 =item B<parse_paragraph()>
12116 =item B<parse_from_filehandle()>
12122 =item B<parse_from_file()>
12128 =item ACCESSOR METHODS
12134 =item B<errorsub()>
12146 =item B<parseopts()>
12152 =item B<output_file()>
12158 =item B<output_handle()>
12164 =item B<input_file()>
12170 =item B<input_handle()>
12176 =item B<input_streams()>
12182 =item B<top_stream()>
12188 =item PRIVATE METHODS AND DATA
12194 =item B<_push_input_stream()>
12200 =item B<_pop_input_stream()>
12206 =item TREE-BASED PARSING
12214 =head2 Pod::Plainer - Perl extension for converting Pod to old style Pod.
12234 =head2 Pod::Select, podselect() - extract selected sections of POD from
12247 =item SECTION SPECIFICATIONS
12249 =item RANGE SPECIFICATIONS
12255 =item OBJECT METHODS
12261 =item B<curr_headings()>
12273 =item B<add_selection()>
12279 =item B<clear_selections()>
12285 =item B<match_section()>
12291 =item B<is_selected()>
12297 =item EXPORTED FUNCTIONS
12303 =item B<podselect()>
12305 B<-output>, B<-sections>, B<-ranges>
12311 =item PRIVATE METHODS AND DATA
12317 =item B<_compile_section_spec()>
12323 =item $self->{_SECTION_HEADINGS}
12329 =item $self->{_SELECTED_SECTIONS}
12341 =head2 Pod::Text - Convert POD data to formatted ASCII text
12349 alt, indent, loose, quotes, sentence, width
12353 Bizarre space in item, Can't open %s for reading: %s, Invalid quote
12354 specification "%s", %s:%d: Unknown command paragraph "%s", Unknown escape:
12355 %s, Unknown sequence: %s, Unmatched =back
12367 =head2 Pod::Text::Color - Convert POD data to formatted color ASCII text
12383 =head2 Pod::Text::Overstrike - Convert POD data to formatted overstrike
12400 =head2 Pod::Text::Termcap, Pod::Text::Color - Convert POD data to ASCII
12401 text with format escapes
12415 =head2 Pod::Usage, pod2usage() - print a usage message from embedded pod
12424 C<-message>, C<-msg>, C<-exitval>, C<-verbose>, C<-output>, C<-input>,
12433 =item Recommended Use
12441 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
12445 =head2 SDBM_File - Tied access to sdbm files
12453 C<O_RDONLY>, C<O_WRONLY>, C<O_RDWR>
12459 =item C<sdbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...>
12463 =item BUGS AND WARNINGS
12467 =head2 Safe - Compile and execute code in restricted compartments
12475 a new namespace, an operator mask
12481 =item RECENT CHANGES
12483 =item Methods in class Safe
12485 permit (OP, ...), permit_only (OP, ...), deny (OP, ...), deny_only (OP,
12486 ...), trap (OP, ...), untrap (OP, ...), share (NAME, ...), share_from
12487 (PACKAGE, ARRAYREF), varglob (VARNAME), reval (STRING), rdo (FILENAME),
12488 root (NAMESPACE), mask (MASK)
12490 =item Some Safety Issues
12492 Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes
12500 =head2 Search::Dict, look - search for key in dictionary file
12510 =head2 SelectSaver - save and restore selected file handle
12520 =head2 SelfLoader - load functions only on demand
12530 =item The __DATA__ token
12532 =item SelfLoader autoloading
12534 =item Autoloading and package lexicals
12536 =item SelfLoader and AutoLoader
12538 =item __DATA__, __END__, and the FOOBAR::DATA filehandle.
12540 =item Classes and inherited methods.
12544 =item Multiple packages and fully qualified subroutine names
12548 =head2 Shell - run shell commands transparently within perl
12558 =item OBJECT ORIENTED SYNTAX
12566 =head2 Socket, sockaddr_in, sockaddr_un, inet_aton, inet_ntoa - load the C
12567 socket.h defines and structure manipulators
12575 inet_aton HOSTNAME, inet_ntoa IP_ADDRESS, INADDR_ANY, INADDR_BROADCAST,
12576 INADDR_LOOPBACK, INADDR_NONE, sockaddr_in PORT, ADDRESS, sockaddr_in
12577 SOCKADDR_IN, pack_sockaddr_in PORT, IP_ADDRESS, unpack_sockaddr_in
12578 SOCKADDR_IN, sockaddr_un PATHNAME, sockaddr_un SOCKADDR_UN,
12579 pack_sockaddr_un PATH, unpack_sockaddr_un SOCKADDR_UN
12583 =head2 Storable - persistency for perl data structures
12593 =item ADVISORY LOCKING
12597 =item CANONICAL REPRESENTATION
12599 =item ERROR REPORTING
12607 C<STORABLE_freeze> I<obj>, I<cloning>, C<STORABLE_thaw> I<obj>, I<cloning>,
12612 C<Storable::last_op_in_netorder>, C<Storable::is_storing>,
12613 C<Storable::is_retrieving>
12637 =head2 Symbol - manipulate Perl symbols and their names
12647 =head2 Sys::Hostname - Try every conceivable way to get hostname
12659 =head2 Syslog, Sys::Syslog, openlog, closelog, setlogmask, syslog - Perl
12660 interface to the UNIX syslog(3) calls
12668 openlog $ident, $logopt, $facility, syslog $priority, $format, @args,
12669 setlogmask $mask_priority, setlogsock $sock_type (added in 5.004_02),
12680 =head2 Syslog::Syslog, Sys::Syslog, openlog, closelog, setlogmask, syslog -
12681 Perl interface to the UNIX syslog(3) calls
12689 openlog $ident, $logopt, $facility, syslog $priority, $format, @args,
12690 setlogmask $mask_priority, setlogsock $sock_type (added in 5.004_02),
12701 =head2 Term::ANSIColor - Color screen output using ANSI escape sequences
12711 Invalid attribute name %s, Name "%s" used only once: possible typo, No
12712 comma allowed after filehandle, Bareword "%s" not allowed while "strict
12723 =head2 Term::Cap - Perl termcap interface
12735 =head2 Term::Complete - Perl word completion module
12743 E<lt>tabE<gt>, ^D, ^U, E<lt>delE<gt>, E<lt>bsE<gt>
12753 =head2 Term::ReadLine - Perl interface to various C<readline> packages. If
12754 no real package is found, substitutes stubs instead of basic functions.
12762 =item Minimal set of supported functions
12764 C<ReadLine>, C<new>, C<readline>, C<addhistory>, C<IN>, $C<OUT>,
12765 C<MinLine>, C<findConsole>, Attribs, C<Features>
12767 =item Additional supported functions
12769 C<tkRunning>, C<ornaments>, C<newTTY>
12777 =head2 Test - provides a simple framework for writing test scripts
12787 NORMAL TESTS, SKIPPED TESTS, TODO TESTS
12799 =head2 Test::Harness - run perl standard test scripts with statistics
12809 =item The test script output
12811 B<1..M>, B<'ok', 'not ok'. Ok?>, B<test numbers>,
12812 B<$Test::Harness::verbose>, B<$Test::Harness::switches>, B<Skipping tests>,
12813 B<Bail out!>, B<Comments>
12821 C<All tests successful.\nFiles=%d, Tests=%d, %s>, C<FAILED tests
12822 %s\n\tFailed %d/%d tests, %.2f%% okay.>, C<Test returned status %d (wstat
12823 %d)>, C<Failed 1 test, %.2f%% okay. %s>, C<Failed %d/%d tests, %.2f%% okay.
12824 %s>, C<FAILED--Further testing stopped%s>
12836 =head2 Text::Abbrev, abbrev - create an abbreviation table from a list
12848 =head2 Text::ParseWords - parse text into an array of tokens or array of
12863 =head2 Text::Soundex - Implementation of the Soundex Algorithm as Described
12880 =head2 Text::Tabs -- expand and unexpand tabs per the unix expand(1) and
12895 =head2 Text::Wrap - line wrapping to form simple paragraphs
12909 =head2 Thread - manipulate threads in Perl (EXPERIMENTAL, subject to
12920 new \&start_sub, new \&start_sub, LIST, lock VARIABLE, async BLOCK;,
12921 Thread->self, Thread->list, cond_wait VARIABLE, cond_signal VARIABLE,
12922 cond_broadcast VARIABLE, yield
12926 join, eval, detach, equal, tid, flags, done
12934 =head2 Thread::Queue - thread-safe queues
12942 =item FUNCTIONS AND METHODS
12944 new, enqueue LIST, dequeue, dequeue_nb, pending
12950 =head2 Thread::Semaphore - thread-safe semaphores
12958 =item FUNCTIONS AND METHODS
12960 new, new NUMBER, down, down NUMBER, up, up NUMBER
12964 =head2 Thread::Signal - Start a thread which runs signal handlers reliably
12976 =head2 Thread::Specific - thread-specific keys
12986 =head2 Tie::Array - base class for tied arrays
12994 TIEARRAY classname, LIST, STORE this, index, value, FETCH this, index,
12995 FETCHSIZE this, STORESIZE this, count, EXTEND this, count, EXISTS this,
12996 key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, DESTROY this, PUSH this, LIST, POP this,
12997 SHIFT this, UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST
13005 =head2 Tie::Handle, Tie::StdHandle - base class definitions for tied
13014 TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, WRITE this, scalar, length, offset, PRINT this,
13015 LIST, PRINTF this, format, LIST, READ this, scalar, length, offset,
13016 READLINE this, GETC this, CLOSE this, OPEN this, filename, BINMODE this,
13017 EOF this, TELL this, SEEK this, offset, whence, DESTROY this
13019 =item MORE INFORMATION
13021 =item COMPATIBILITY
13025 =head2 Tie::Hash, Tie::StdHash - base class definitions for tied hashes
13033 TIEHASH classname, LIST, STORE this, key, value, FETCH this, key, FIRSTKEY
13034 this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, EXISTS this, key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this
13038 =item MORE INFORMATION
13042 =head2 Tie::RefHash - use references as hash keys
13060 =head2 Tie::Scalar, Tie::StdScalar - base class definitions for tied
13069 TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, DESTROY this
13071 =item MORE INFORMATION
13075 =head2 Tie::SubstrHash - Fixed-table-size, fixed-key-length hashing
13087 =head2 Time::Local - efficiently compute time from local and GMT time
13095 =item IMPLEMENTATION
13101 =head2 Time::gmtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gmtime()
13116 =head2 Time::localtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in localtime()
13131 =head2 Time::tm - internal object used by Time::gmtime and Time::localtime
13143 =head2 UNIVERSAL - base class for ALL classes (blessed references)
13151 isa ( TYPE ), can ( METHOD ), VERSION ( [ REQUIRE ] ), UNIVERSAL::isa (
13152 VAL, TYPE ), UNIVERSAL::can ( VAL, METHOD )
13156 =head2 User::grent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getgr*()
13171 =head2 User::pwent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getpw*()
13182 =item System Specifics
13196 =head2 Win32 - Interfaces to some Win32 API Functions
13204 =item Alphabetical Listing of Win32 Functions
13206 Win32::AbortSystemShutdown(MACHINE), Win32::BuildNumber(),
13207 Win32::CopyFile(FROM, TO, OVERWRITE), Win32::DomainName(),
13208 Win32::ExpandEnvironmentStrings(STRING), Win32::FormatMessage(ERRORCODE),
13209 Win32::FsType(), Win32::FreeLibrary(HANDLE), Win32::GetArchName(),
13210 Win32::GetChipName(), Win32::GetCwd(), Win32::GetFullPathName(FILENAME),
13211 Win32::GetLastError(), Win32::GetLongPathName(PATHNAME),
13212 Win32::GetNextAvailDrive(), Win32::GetOSVersion(),
13213 Win32::GetShortPathName(PATHNAME), Win32::GetProcAddress(INSTANCE,
13214 PROCNAME), Win32::GetTickCount(), Win32::InitiateSystemShutdown,
13215 Win32::IsWinNT(), Win32::IsWin95(), Win32::LoadLibrary(LIBNAME),
13216 Win32::LoginName(), Win32::LookupAccountName(SYSTEM, ACCOUNT, DOMAIN, SID,
13217 SIDTYPE), Win32::LookupAccountSID(SYSTEM, SID, ACCOUNT, DOMAIN, SIDTYPE),
13218 Win32::MsgBox(MESSAGE [, FLAGS [, TITLE]]), Win32::NodeName(),
13219 Win32::RegisterServer(LIBRARYNAME), Win32::SetCwd(NEWDIRECTORY),
13220 Win32::SetLastError(ERROR), Win32::Sleep(TIME), Win32::Spawn(COMMAND, ARGS,
13221 PID), Win32::UnregisterServer(LIBRARYNAME)
13227 =head2 XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code
13239 =head1 AUXILIARY DOCUMENTATION
13241 Here should be listed all the extra programs' documentation, but they
13242 don't all have manual pages yet:
13268 Larry Wall <F<larry@wall.org>>, with the help of oodles