2 # !!!!!!! DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE !!!!!!!
3 # This file is autogenerated by buildtoc from all the other pods.
4 # Edit those files and run buildtoc --build-toc to effect changes.
8 perltoc - perl documentation table of contents
12 This page provides a brief table of contents for the rest of the Perl
13 documentation set. It is meant to be scanned quickly or grepped
14 through to locate the proper section you're looking for.
16 =head1 BASIC DOCUMENTATION
18 =head2 perl - Practical Extraction and Report Language
30 =item Reference Manual
32 =item Internals and C Language Interface
36 =item Language-Specific
38 =item Platform-Specific
62 =head2 perlintro -- a brief introduction and overview of Perl
72 =item Running Perl programs
76 =item Basic syntax overview
78 =item Perl variable types
80 Scalars, Arrays, Hashes
82 =item Variable scoping
84 =item Conditional and looping constructs
86 if, while, for, foreach
88 =item Builtin operators and functions
90 Arithmetic, Numeric comparison, String comparison, Boolean logic,
95 =item Regular expressions
97 Simple matching, Simple substitution, More complex regular expressions,
98 Parentheses for capturing, Other regexp features
100 =item Writing subroutines
104 =item Using Perl modules
112 =head2 perlreftut - Mark's very short tutorial about references
118 =item Who Needs Complicated Data Structures?
126 =item Making References
128 =item Using References
146 =item Distribution Conditions
152 =head2 perldsc - Perl Data Structures Cookbook
158 arrays of arrays, hashes of arrays, arrays of hashes, hashes of hashes,
159 more elaborate constructs
162 X<reference> X<dereference> X<dereferencing> X<pointer>
164 =item COMMON MISTAKES
166 =item CAVEAT ON PRECEDENCE
167 X<dereference, precedence> X<dereferencing, precedence>
169 =item WHY YOU SHOULD ALWAYS C<use strict>
172 X<data structure, debugging> X<complex data structure, debugging>
173 X<AoA, debugging> X<HoA, debugging> X<AoH, debugging> X<HoH, debugging>
174 X<array of arrays, debugging> X<hash of arrays, debugging>
175 X<array of hashes, debugging> X<hash of hashes, debugging>
179 =item ARRAYS OF ARRAYS
180 X<array of arrays> X<AoA>
184 =item Declaration of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
186 =item Generation of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
188 =item Access and Printing of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
192 =item HASHES OF ARRAYS
193 X<hash of arrays> X<HoA>
197 =item Declaration of a HASH OF ARRAYS
199 =item Generation of a HASH OF ARRAYS
201 =item Access and Printing of a HASH OF ARRAYS
205 =item ARRAYS OF HASHES
206 X<array of hashes> X<AoH>
210 =item Declaration of an ARRAY OF HASHES
212 =item Generation of an ARRAY OF HASHES
214 =item Access and Printing of an ARRAY OF HASHES
218 =item HASHES OF HASHES
219 X<hass of hashes> X<HoH>
223 =item Declaration of a HASH OF HASHES
225 =item Generation of a HASH OF HASHES
227 =item Access and Printing of a HASH OF HASHES
231 =item MORE ELABORATE RECORDS
232 X<record> X<structure> X<struct>
236 =item Declaration of MORE ELABORATE RECORDS
238 =item Declaration of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS
240 =item Generation of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS
252 =head2 perllol - Manipulating Arrays of Arrays in Perl
260 =item Declaration and Access of Arrays of Arrays
262 =item Growing Your Own
264 =item Access and Printing
276 =head2 perlrequick - Perl regular expressions quick start
286 =item Simple word matching
288 =item Using character classes
290 =item Matching this or that
292 =item Grouping things and hierarchical matching
294 =item Extracting matches
296 =item Matching repetitions
300 =item Search and replace
302 =item The split operator
310 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
314 =item Acknowledgments
320 =head2 perlretut - Perl regular expressions tutorial
326 =item Part 1: The basics
330 =item Simple word matching
332 =item Using character classes
334 =item Matching this or that
336 =item Grouping things and hierarchical matching
338 =item Extracting matches
342 =item Relative backreferences
344 =item Named backreferences
346 =item Alternative capture group numbering
348 =item Position information
350 =item Non-capturing groupings
352 =item Matching repetitions
354 =item Possessive quantifiers
356 =item Building a regexp
358 =item Using regular expressions in Perl
362 =item Part 2: Power tools
366 =item More on characters, strings, and character classes
368 =item Compiling and saving regular expressions
370 =item Composing regular expressions at runtime
372 =item Embedding comments and modifiers in a regular expression
374 =item Looking ahead and looking behind
376 =item Using independent subexpressions to prevent backtracking
378 =item Conditional expressions
380 =item Defining named patterns
382 =item Recursive patterns
384 =item A bit of magic: executing Perl code in a regular expression
386 =item Backtracking control verbs
388 =item Pragmas and debugging
396 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
400 =item Acknowledgments
406 =head2 perlboot - Beginner's Object-Oriented Tutorial
414 =item If we could talk to the animals...
416 =item Introducing the method invocation arrow
418 =item Invoking a barnyard
420 =item The extra parameter of method invocation
422 =item Calling a second method to simplify things
424 =item Inheriting the windpipes
426 =item A few notes about @ISA
428 =item Overriding the methods
430 =item Starting the search from a different place
432 =item The SUPER way of doing things
434 =item Where we're at so far...
436 =item A horse is a horse, of course of course -- or is it?
438 =item Invoking an instance method
440 =item Accessing the instance data
442 =item How to build a horse
444 =item Inheriting the constructor
446 =item Making a method work with either classes or instances
448 =item Adding parameters to a method
450 =item More interesting instances
452 =item A horse of a different color
464 =head2 perltoot - Tom's object-oriented tutorial for perl
470 =item Creating a Class
474 =item Object Representation
476 =item Class Interface
478 =item Constructors and Instance Methods
480 =item Planning for the Future: Better Constructors
484 =item Other Object Methods
492 =item Accessing Class Data
494 =item Debugging Methods
496 =item Class Destructors
498 =item Documenting the Interface
508 =item Overridden Methods
510 =item Multiple Inheritance
512 =item UNIVERSAL: The Root of All Objects
514 =item Deeper UNIVERSAL details
518 =item Alternate Object Representations
522 =item Arrays as Objects
524 =item Closures as Objects
528 =item AUTOLOAD: Proxy Methods
532 =item Autoloaded Data Methods
534 =item Inherited Autoloaded Data Methods
538 =item Metaclassical Tools
544 =item Data Members as Variables
552 =item Object Terminology
558 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
564 =item Acknowledgments
570 =head2 perltooc - Tom's OO Tutorial for Class Data in Perl
576 =item Class Data in a Can
578 =item Class Data as Package Variables
582 =item Putting All Your Eggs in One Basket
584 =item Inheritance Concerns
586 =item The Eponymous Meta-Object
588 =item Indirect References to Class Data
590 =item Monadic Classes
592 =item Translucent Attributes
596 =item Class Data as Lexical Variables
600 =item Privacy and Responsibility
602 =item File-Scoped Lexicals
604 =item More Inheritance Concerns
606 =item Locking the Door and Throwing Away the Key
608 =item Translucency Revisited
616 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
618 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
624 =head2 perlbot - Bag'o Object Tricks (the BOT)
630 =item OO SCALING TIPS
632 =item INSTANCE VARIABLES
634 =item SCALAR INSTANCE VARIABLES
636 =item INSTANCE VARIABLE INHERITANCE
638 =item OBJECT RELATIONSHIPS
640 =item OVERRIDING SUPERCLASS METHODS
642 =item USING RELATIONSHIP WITH SDBM
644 =item THINKING OF CODE REUSE
646 =item CLASS CONTEXT AND THE OBJECT
648 =item INHERITING A CONSTRUCTOR
656 =head2 perlstyle - Perl style guide
664 =head2 perlcheat - Perl 5 Cheat Sheet
676 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
684 =head2 perltrap - Perl traps for the unwary
702 =item Perl4 to Perl5 Traps
704 Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps, Parsing Traps, Numerical
705 Traps, General data type traps, Context Traps - scalar, list contexts,
706 Precedence Traps, General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc,
707 Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps, OS Traps, DBM Traps, Unclassified Traps
709 =item Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps
711 Symbols starting with "_" no longer forced into main, Double-colon valid
712 package separator in variable name, 2nd and 3rd args to C<splice()> are now
713 in scalar context, Can't do C<goto> into a block that is optimized away,
714 Can't use whitespace as variable name or quote delimiter, C<while/if BLOCK
715 BLOCK> gone, C<**> binds tighter than unary minus, C<foreach> changed when
716 iterating over a list, C<split> with no args behavior changed, B<-e>
717 behavior fixed, C<push> returns number of elements in resulting list, Some
718 error messages differ, C<split()> honors subroutine args, Bugs removed
722 Space between . and = triggers syntax error, Better parsing in perl 5,
723 Function parsing, String interpolation of C<$#array> differs, Perl guesses
724 on C<map>, C<grep> followed by C<{> if it starts BLOCK or hash ref
726 =item Numerical Traps
728 Formatted output and significant digits, Auto-increment operator over
729 signed int limit deleted, Assignment of return values from numeric equality
730 tests doesn't work, Bitwise string ops
732 =item General data type traps
734 Negative array subscripts now count from the end of array, Setting
735 C<$#array> lower now discards array elements, Hashes get defined before
736 use, Glob assignment from localized variable to variable, Assigning
737 C<undef> to glob, Changes in unary negation (of strings), Modifying of
738 constants prohibited, C<defined $var> behavior changed, Variable Suicide
740 =item Context Traps - scalar, list contexts
742 Elements of argument lists for formats evaluated in list context,
743 C<caller()> returns false value in scalar context if no caller present,
744 Comma operator in scalar context gives scalar context to args, C<sprintf()>
745 prototyped as C<($;@)>
747 =item Precedence Traps
749 LHS vs. RHS of any assignment operator, Semantic errors introduced due to
750 precedence, Precedence of assignment operators same as the precedence of
751 assignment, C<open> requires parentheses around filehandle, C<$:>
752 precedence over C<$::> gone, Precedence of file test operators documented,
753 C<keys>, C<each>, C<values> are regular named unary operators
755 =item General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc.
757 C<s'$lhs'$rhs'> interpolates on either side, C<m//g> attaches its state to
758 the searched string, C<m//o> used within an anonymous sub, C<$+> isn't set
759 to whole match, Substitution now returns null string if it fails,
760 C<s`lhs`rhs`> is now a normal substitution, Stricter parsing of variables
761 in regular expressions, C<m?x?> matches only once, Failed matches don't
762 reset the match variables
764 =item Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps
766 Barewords that used to look like strings look like subroutine calls,
767 Reverse is no longer allowed as the name of a sort subroutine, C<warn()>
768 won't let you specify a filehandle
772 SysV resets signal handler correctly, SysV C<seek()> appends correctly
774 =item Interpolation Traps
776 C<@> always interpolates an array in double-quotish strings, Double-quoted
777 strings may no longer end with an unescaped $, Arbitrary expressions are
778 evaluated inside braces within double quotes, C<$$x> now tries to
779 dereference $x, Creation of hashes on the fly with C<eval "EXPR"> requires
780 protection, Bugs in earlier perl versions, Array and hash brackets during
781 interpolation, Interpolation of C<\$$foo{bar}>, C<qq()> string passed to
782 C<eval> will not find string terminator
786 Perl5 must have been linked with same dbm/ndbm as the default for
787 C<dbmopen()>, DBM exceeding limit on the key/value size will cause perl5 to
790 =item Unclassified Traps
792 C<require>/C<do> trap using returned value, C<split> on empty string with
799 =head2 perldebtut - Perl debugging tutorial
807 =item Looking at data and -w and v
811 =item Stepping through code
813 =item Placeholder for a, w, t, T
815 =item REGULAR EXPRESSIONS
833 =head2 perlfaq - frequently asked questions about Perl
841 =item Where to get the perlfaq
843 =item How to contribute to the perlfaq
845 =item What will happen if you mail your Perl programming problems to the
852 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
854 =item Table of Contents
856 perlfaq - this document, perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl, perlfaq2
857 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl, perlfaq3 - Programming Tools, perlfaq4
858 - Data Manipulation, perlfaq5 - Files and Formats, perlfaq6 - Regular
859 Expressions, perlfaq7 - General Perl Language Issues, perlfaq8 - System
860 Interaction, perlfaq9 - Networking
866 =item L<perlfaq1>: General Questions About Perl
868 =item L<perlfaq2>: Obtaining and Learning about Perl
870 =item L<perlfaq3>: Programming Tools
872 =item L<perlfaq4>: Data Manipulation
874 =item L<perlfaq5>: Files and Formats
876 =item L<perlfaq6>: Regular Expressions
878 =item L<perlfaq7>: General Perl Language Issues
880 =item L<perlfaq8>: System Interaction
882 =item L<perlfaq9>: Networking
888 =head2 perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl
898 =item Who supports Perl? Who develops it? Why is it free?
900 =item Which version of Perl should I use?
902 =item What are Perl 4, Perl 5, or Perl 6?
904 =item What was Ponie?
906 =item What is Perl 6?
908 =item How stable is Perl?
910 =item Is Perl difficult to learn?
912 =item How does Perl compare with other languages like Java, Python, REXX,
915 =item Can I do [task] in Perl?
917 =item When shouldn't I program in Perl?
919 =item What's the difference between "perl" and "Perl"?
921 =item Is it a Perl program or a Perl script?
923 =item What is a JAPH?
925 =item Where can I get a list of Larry Wall witticisms?
927 =item How can I convince others to use Perl?
929 http://perltraining.com.au/whyperl.html,
930 http://www.perl.org/advocacy/whyperl.html
936 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
940 =head2 perlfaq2 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl
948 =item What machines support perl? Where do I get it?
950 =item How can I get a binary version of perl?
952 =item I don't have a C compiler. How can I build my own Perl interpreter?
954 =item I copied the perl binary from one machine to another, but scripts
957 =item I grabbed the sources and tried to compile but gdbm/dynamic
958 loading/malloc/linking/... failed. How do I make it work?
960 =item What modules and extensions are available for Perl? What is CPAN?
961 What does CPAN/src/... mean?
963 =item Is there an ISO or ANSI certified version of Perl?
965 =item Where can I get information on Perl?
967 =item What are the Perl newsgroups on Usenet? Where do I post questions?
969 =item Where should I post source code?
973 References, Tutorials, Task-Oriented, Special Topics
975 =item Which magazines have Perl content?
977 =item What mailing lists are there for Perl?
979 =item Where are the archives for comp.lang.perl.misc?
981 =item Where can I buy a commercial version of perl?
983 =item Where do I send bug reports?
985 =item What is perl.com? Perl Mongers? pm.org? perl.org? cpan.org?
991 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
995 =head2 perlfaq3 - Programming Tools
1003 =item How do I do (anything)?
1005 =item How can I use Perl interactively?
1007 =item Is there a Perl shell?
1009 =item How do I find which modules are installed on my system?
1011 =item How do I debug my Perl programs?
1013 =item How do I profile my Perl programs?
1015 =item How do I cross-reference my Perl programs?
1017 =item Is there a pretty-printer (formatter) for Perl?
1019 =item Is there a ctags for Perl?
1021 =item Is there an IDE or Windows Perl Editor?
1023 Eclipse, Enginsite, Komodo, Open Perl IDE, OptiPerl, PerlBuilder,
1024 visiPerl+, Visual Perl, Zeus, GNU Emacs, MicroEMACS, XEmacs, Jed, Elvis,
1025 Vile, Vim, Codewright, MultiEdit, SlickEdit, Bash, Ksh, Tcsh, Zsh, Affrus,
1026 Alpha, BBEdit and BBEdit Lite
1028 =item Where can I get Perl macros for vi?
1030 =item Where can I get perl-mode for emacs?
1032 =item How can I use curses with Perl?
1034 =item How can I write a GUI (X, Tk, Gtk, etc.) in Perl?
1035 X<GUI> X<Tk> X<Wx> X<WxWidgets> X<Gtk> X<Gtk2> X<CamelBones> X<Qt>
1037 Tk, Wx, Gtk and Gtk2, Win32::GUI, CamelBones, Qt, Athena
1039 =item How can I make my Perl program run faster?
1041 =item How can I make my Perl program take less memory?
1043 Don't slurp!, Use map and grep selectively, Avoid unnecessary quotes and
1044 stringification, Pass by reference, Tie large variables to disk
1046 =item Is it safe to return a reference to local or lexical data?
1048 =item How can I free an array or hash so my program shrinks?
1050 =item How can I make my CGI script more efficient?
1052 =item How can I hide the source for my Perl program?
1054 =item How can I compile my Perl program into byte code or C?
1056 =item How can I get C<#!perl> to work on [MS-DOS,NT,...]?
1058 =item Can I write useful Perl programs on the command line?
1060 =item Why don't Perl one-liners work on my DOS/Mac/VMS system?
1062 =item Where can I learn about CGI or Web programming in Perl?
1064 =item Where can I learn about object-oriented Perl programming?
1066 =item Where can I learn about linking C with Perl?
1068 =item I've read perlembed, perlguts, etc., but I can't embed perl in my C
1069 program; what am I doing wrong?
1071 =item When I tried to run my script, I got this message. What does it mean?
1073 =item What's MakeMaker?
1079 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1083 =head2 perlfaq4 - Data Manipulation
1093 =item Why am I getting long decimals (eg, 19.9499999999999) instead of the
1094 numbers I should be getting (eg, 19.95)?
1096 =item Why is int() broken?
1098 =item Why isn't my octal data interpreted correctly?
1100 =item Does Perl have a round() function? What about ceil() and floor()?
1103 =item How do I convert between numeric representations/bases/radixes?
1105 How do I convert hexadecimal into decimal, How do I convert from decimal to
1106 hexadecimal, How do I convert from octal to decimal, How do I convert from
1107 decimal to octal, How do I convert from binary to decimal, How do I convert
1108 from decimal to binary
1110 =item Why doesn't & work the way I want it to?
1112 =item How do I multiply matrices?
1114 =item How do I perform an operation on a series of integers?
1116 =item How can I output Roman numerals?
1118 =item Why aren't my random numbers random?
1120 =item How do I get a random number between X and Y?
1128 =item How do I find the day or week of the year?
1130 =item How do I find the current century or millennium?
1132 =item How can I compare two dates and find the difference?
1134 =item How can I take a string and turn it into epoch seconds?
1136 =item How can I find the Julian Day?
1138 =item How do I find yesterday's date?
1140 =item Does Perl have a Year 2000 problem? Is Perl Y2K compliant?
1148 =item How do I validate input?
1150 =item How do I unescape a string?
1152 =item How do I remove consecutive pairs of characters?
1154 =item How do I expand function calls in a string?
1156 =item How do I find matching/nesting anything?
1158 =item How do I reverse a string?
1160 =item How do I expand tabs in a string?
1162 =item How do I reformat a paragraph?
1164 =item How can I access or change N characters of a string?
1166 =item How do I change the Nth occurrence of something?
1168 =item How can I count the number of occurrences of a substring within a
1171 =item How do I capitalize all the words on one line?
1173 =item How can I split a [character] delimited string except when inside
1176 =item How do I strip blank space from the beginning/end of a string?
1178 =item How do I pad a string with blanks or pad a number with zeroes?
1180 =item How do I extract selected columns from a string?
1182 =item How do I find the soundex value of a string?
1184 =item How can I expand variables in text strings?
1186 =item What's wrong with always quoting "$vars"?
1188 =item Why don't my E<lt>E<lt>HERE documents work?
1190 There must be no space after the E<lt>E<lt> part, There (probably) should
1191 be a semicolon at the end, You can't (easily) have any space in front of
1200 =item What is the difference between a list and an array?
1202 =item What is the difference between $array[1] and @array[1]?
1204 =item How can I remove duplicate elements from a list or array?
1206 =item How can I tell whether a certain element is contained in a list or
1209 =item How do I compute the difference of two arrays? How do I compute the
1210 intersection of two arrays?
1212 =item How do I test whether two arrays or hashes are equal?
1214 =item How do I find the first array element for which a condition is true?
1216 =item How do I handle linked lists?
1218 =item How do I handle circular lists?
1220 =item How do I shuffle an array randomly?
1222 =item How do I process/modify each element of an array?
1224 =item How do I select a random element from an array?
1226 =item How do I permute N elements of a list?
1227 X<List::Permuter> X<permute> X<Algorithm::Loops> X<Knuth>
1228 X<The Art of Computer Programming> X<Fischer-Krause>
1230 =item How do I sort an array by (anything)?
1232 =item How do I manipulate arrays of bits?
1234 =item Why does defined() return true on empty arrays and hashes?
1238 =item Data: Hashes (Associative Arrays)
1242 =item How do I process an entire hash?
1244 =item What happens if I add or remove keys from a hash while iterating over
1247 =item How do I look up a hash element by value?
1249 =item How can I know how many entries are in a hash?
1251 =item How do I sort a hash (optionally by value instead of key)?
1253 =item How can I always keep my hash sorted?
1254 X<hash tie sort DB_File Tie::IxHash>
1256 =item What's the difference between "delete" and "undef" with hashes?
1258 =item Why don't my tied hashes make the defined/exists distinction?
1260 =item How do I reset an each() operation part-way through?
1262 =item How can I get the unique keys from two hashes?
1264 =item How can I store a multidimensional array in a DBM file?
1266 =item How can I make my hash remember the order I put elements into it?
1268 =item Why does passing a subroutine an undefined element in a hash create
1271 =item How can I make the Perl equivalent of a C structure/C++ class/hash or
1272 array of hashes or arrays?
1274 =item How can I use a reference as a hash key?
1282 =item How do I handle binary data correctly?
1284 =item How do I determine whether a scalar is a number/whole/integer/float?
1286 =item How do I keep persistent data across program calls?
1288 =item How do I print out or copy a recursive data structure?
1290 =item How do I define methods for every class/object?
1292 =item How do I verify a credit card checksum?
1294 =item How do I pack arrays of doubles or floats for XS code?
1300 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1304 =head2 perlfaq5 - Files and Formats
1312 =item How do I flush/unbuffer an output filehandle? Why must I do this?
1313 X<flush> X<buffer> X<unbuffer> X<autoflush>
1315 =item How do I count the number of lines in a file?
1316 X<file, counting lines> X<lines> X<line>
1318 =item How can I use Perl's C<-i> option from within a program?
1321 =item How can I copy a file?
1322 X<copy> X<file, copy>
1324 =item How do I make a temporary file name?
1327 =item How can I manipulate fixed-record-length files?
1328 X<fixed-length> X<file, fixed-length records>
1330 =item How can I make a filehandle local to a subroutine? How do I pass
1331 filehandles between subroutines? How do I make an array of filehandles?
1332 X<filehandle, local> X<filehandle, passing> X<filehandle, reference>
1334 =item How can I use a filehandle indirectly?
1335 X<filehandle, indirect>
1337 =item How can I set up a footer format to be used with write()?
1340 =item How can I write() into a string?
1341 X<write, into a string>
1343 =item How can I open a filehandle to a string?
1344 X<string>, X<open>, X<IO::Scalar>, X<filehandle>
1346 =item How can I translate tildes (~) in a filename?
1347 X<tilde> X<tilde expansion>
1349 =item How come when I open a file read-write it wipes it out?
1350 X<clobber> X<read-write> X<clobbering> X<truncate> X<truncating>
1352 =item Why do I sometimes get an "Argument list too long" when I use
1354 X<argument list too long>
1356 =item Is there a leak/bug in glob()?
1359 =item How can I open a file with a leading ">" or trailing blanks?
1360 X<filename, special characters>
1362 =item How can I reliably rename a file?
1363 X<rename> X<mv> X<move> X<file, rename> X<ren>
1365 =item How can I lock a file?
1366 X<lock> X<file, lock> X<flock>
1368 =item Why can't I just open(FH, "E<gt>file.lock")?
1369 X<lock, lockfile race condition>
1371 =item I still don't get locking. I just want to increment the number in
1372 the file. How can I do this?
1373 X<counter> X<file, counter>
1375 =item All I want to do is append a small amount of text to the end of a
1376 file. Do I still have to use locking?
1377 X<append> X<file, append>
1379 =item How do I randomly update a binary file?
1380 X<file, binary patch>
1382 =item How do I get a file's timestamp in perl?
1383 X<timestamp> X<file, timestamp>
1385 =item How do I set a file's timestamp in perl?
1386 X<timestamp> X<file, timestamp>
1388 =item How do I print to more than one file at once?
1389 X<print, to multiple files>
1391 =item How can I read in an entire file all at once?
1392 X<slurp> X<file, slurping>
1394 =item How can I read in a file by paragraphs?
1395 X<file, reading by paragraphs>
1397 =item How can I read a single character from a file? From the keyboard?
1398 X<getc> X<file, reading one character at a time>
1400 =item How can I tell whether there's a character waiting on a filehandle?
1402 =item How do I do a C<tail -f> in perl?
1403 X<tail> X<IO::Handle> X<File::Tail> X<clearerr>
1405 =item How do I dup() a filehandle in Perl?
1408 =item How do I close a file descriptor by number?
1409 X<file, closing file descriptors> X<POSIX> X<close>
1411 =item Why can't I use "C:\temp\foo" in DOS paths? Why doesn't
1412 `C:\temp\foo.exe` work?
1413 X<filename, DOS issues>
1415 =item Why doesn't glob("*.*") get all the files?
1418 =item Why does Perl let me delete read-only files? Why does C<-i> clobber
1419 protected files? Isn't this a bug in Perl?
1421 =item How do I select a random line from a file?
1422 X<file, selecting a random line>
1424 =item Why do I get weird spaces when I print an array of lines?
1430 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1434 =head2 perlfaq6 - Regular Expressions
1442 =item How can I hope to use regular expressions without creating illegible
1443 and unmaintainable code?
1444 X<regex, legibility> X<regexp, legibility>
1445 X<regular expression, legibility> X</x>
1447 Comments Outside the Regex, Comments Inside the Regex, Different Delimiters
1449 =item I'm having trouble matching over more than one line. What's wrong?
1450 X<regex, multiline> X<regexp, multiline> X<regular expression, multiline>
1452 =item How can I pull out lines between two patterns that are themselves on
1456 =item I put a regular expression into $/ but it didn't work. What's wrong?
1457 X<$/, regexes in> X<$INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, regexes in>
1460 =item How do I substitute case insensitively on the LHS while preserving
1462 X<replace, case preserving> X<substitute, case preserving>
1463 X<substitution, case preserving> X<s, case preserving>
1465 =item How can I make C<\w> match national character sets?
1468 =item How can I match a locale-smart version of C</[a-zA-Z]/>?
1471 =item How can I quote a variable to use in a regex?
1472 X<regex, escaping> X<regexp, escaping> X<regular expression, escaping>
1474 =item What is C</o> really for?
1475 X</o, regular expressions> X<compile, regular expressions>
1477 =item How do I use a regular expression to strip C style comments from a
1480 =item Can I use Perl regular expressions to match balanced text?
1481 X<regex, matching balanced test> X<regexp, matching balanced test>
1482 X<regular expression, matching balanced test>
1484 =item What does it mean that regexes are greedy? How can I get around it?
1485 X<greedy> X<greediness>
1487 =item How do I process each word on each line?
1490 =item How can I print out a word-frequency or line-frequency summary?
1492 =item How can I do approximate matching?
1493 X<match, approximate> X<matching, approximate>
1495 =item How do I efficiently match many regular expressions at once?
1496 X<regex, efficiency> X<regexp, efficiency>
1497 X<regular expression, efficiency>
1499 =item Why don't word-boundary searches with C<\b> work for me?
1502 =item Why does using $&, $`, or $' slow my program down?
1503 X<$MATCH> X<$&> X<$POSTMATCH> X<$'> X<$PREMATCH> X<$`>
1505 =item What good is C<\G> in a regular expression?
1508 =item Are Perl regexes DFAs or NFAs? Are they POSIX compliant?
1509 X<DFA> X<NFA> X<POSIX>
1511 =item What's wrong with using grep in a void context?
1514 =item How can I match strings with multibyte characters?
1515 X<regex, and multibyte characters> X<regexp, and multibyte characters>
1516 X<regular expression, and multibyte characters> X<martian> X<encoding,
1519 =item How do I match a regular expression that's in a variable?
1520 X<regex, in variable> X<eval> X<regex> X<quotemeta> X<\Q, regex>
1521 X<\E, regex>, X<qr//>
1527 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1531 =head2 perlfaq7 - General Perl Language Issues
1539 =item Can I get a BNF/yacc/RE for the Perl language?
1541 =item What are all these $@%&* punctuation signs, and how do I know when to
1544 =item Do I always/never have to quote my strings or use semicolons and
1547 =item How do I skip some return values?
1549 =item How do I temporarily block warnings?
1551 =item What's an extension?
1553 =item Why do Perl operators have different precedence than C operators?
1555 =item How do I declare/create a structure?
1557 =item How do I create a module?
1559 =item How do I adopt or take over a module already on CPAN?
1561 =item How do I create a class?
1563 =item How can I tell if a variable is tainted?
1565 =item What's a closure?
1567 =item What is variable suicide and how can I prevent it?
1569 =item How can I pass/return a {Function, FileHandle, Array, Hash, Method,
1572 Passing Variables and Functions, Passing Filehandles, Passing Regexes,
1575 =item How do I create a static variable?
1577 =item What's the difference between dynamic and lexical (static) scoping?
1578 Between local() and my()?
1580 =item How can I access a dynamic variable while a similarly named lexical
1583 =item What's the difference between deep and shallow binding?
1585 =item Why doesn't "my($foo) = E<lt>FILEE<gt>;" work right?
1587 =item How do I redefine a builtin function, operator, or method?
1589 =item What's the difference between calling a function as &foo and foo()?
1591 =item How do I create a switch or case statement?
1593 =item How can I catch accesses to undefined variables, functions, or
1596 =item Why can't a method included in this same file be found?
1598 =item How can I find out my current package?
1600 =item How can I comment out a large block of perl code?
1602 =item How do I clear a package?
1604 =item How can I use a variable as a variable name?
1606 =item What does "bad interpreter" mean?
1612 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1616 =head2 perlfaq8 - System Interaction
1624 =item How do I find out which operating system I'm running under?
1626 =item How come exec() doesn't return?
1628 =item How do I do fancy stuff with the keyboard/screen/mouse?
1630 Keyboard, Screen, Mouse
1632 =item How do I print something out in color?
1634 =item How do I read just one key without waiting for a return key?
1636 =item How do I check whether input is ready on the keyboard?
1638 =item How do I clear the screen?
1640 =item How do I get the screen size?
1642 =item How do I ask the user for a password?
1644 =item How do I read and write the serial port?
1646 lockfiles, open mode, end of line, flushing output, non-blocking input
1648 =item How do I decode encrypted password files?
1650 =item How do I start a process in the background?
1652 STDIN, STDOUT, and STDERR are shared, Signals, Zombies
1654 =item How do I trap control characters/signals?
1656 =item How do I modify the shadow password file on a Unix system?
1658 =item How do I set the time and date?
1660 =item How can I sleep() or alarm() for under a second?
1661 X<Time::HiRes> X<BSD::Itimer> X<sleep> X<select>
1663 =item How can I measure time under a second?
1664 X<Time::HiRes> X<BSD::Itimer> X<sleep> X<select>
1666 =item How can I do an atexit() or setjmp()/longjmp()? (Exception handling)
1668 =item Why doesn't my sockets program work under System V (Solaris)? What
1669 does the error message "Protocol not supported" mean?
1671 =item How can I call my system's unique C functions from Perl?
1673 =item Where do I get the include files to do ioctl() or syscall()?
1675 =item Why do setuid perl scripts complain about kernel problems?
1677 =item How can I open a pipe both to and from a command?
1679 =item Why can't I get the output of a command with system()?
1681 =item How can I capture STDERR from an external command?
1683 =item Why doesn't open() return an error when a pipe open fails?
1685 =item What's wrong with using backticks in a void context?
1687 =item How can I call backticks without shell processing?
1689 =item Why can't my script read from STDIN after I gave it EOF (^D on Unix,
1692 =item How can I convert my shell script to perl?
1694 =item Can I use perl to run a telnet or ftp session?
1696 =item How can I write expect in Perl?
1698 =item Is there a way to hide perl's command line from programs such as
1701 =item I {changed directory, modified my environment} in a perl script. How
1702 come the change disappeared when I exited the script? How do I get my
1703 changes to be visible?
1707 =item How do I close a process's filehandle without waiting for it to
1710 =item How do I fork a daemon process?
1712 =item How do I find out if I'm running interactively or not?
1714 =item How do I timeout a slow event?
1716 =item How do I set CPU limits?
1717 X<BSD::Resource> X<limit> X<CPU>
1719 =item How do I avoid zombies on a Unix system?
1721 =item How do I use an SQL database?
1723 =item How do I make a system() exit on control-C?
1725 =item How do I open a file without blocking?
1727 =item How do I tell the difference between errors from the shell and perl?
1729 =item How do I install a module from CPAN?
1731 =item What's the difference between require and use?
1733 =item How do I keep my own module/library directory?
1735 =item How do I add the directory my program lives in to the module/library
1738 =item How do I add a directory to my include path (@INC) at runtime?
1740 the PERLLIB environment variable, the PERL5LIB environment variable, the
1741 perl -Idir command line flag, the use lib pragma:
1743 =item What is socket.ph and where do I get it?
1749 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1753 =head2 perlfaq9 - Networking
1761 =item What is the correct form of response from a CGI script?
1763 =item My CGI script runs from the command line but not the browser. (500
1766 =item How can I get better error messages from a CGI program?
1768 =item How do I remove HTML from a string?
1770 =item How do I extract URLs?
1772 =item How do I download a file from the user's machine? How do I open a
1773 file on another machine?
1775 =item How do I make an HTML pop-up menu with Perl?
1777 =item How do I fetch an HTML file?
1779 =item How do I automate an HTML form submission?
1781 =item How do I decode or create those %-encodings on the web?
1783 =item How do I redirect to another page?
1785 =item How do I put a password on my web pages?
1787 =item How do I edit my .htpasswd and .htgroup files with Perl?
1789 =item How do I make sure users can't enter values into a form that cause my
1790 CGI script to do bad things?
1792 =item How do I parse a mail header?
1794 =item How do I decode a CGI form?
1796 =item How do I check a valid mail address?
1798 =item How do I decode a MIME/BASE64 string?
1800 =item How do I return the user's mail address?
1802 =item How do I send mail?
1804 =item How do I use MIME to make an attachment to a mail message?
1806 =item How do I read mail?
1808 =item How do I find out my hostname, domainname, or IP address?
1809 X<hostname, domainname, IP address, host, domain, hostfqdn, inet_ntoa,
1810 gethostbyname, Socket, Net::Domain, Sys::Hostname>
1812 =item How do I fetch a news article or the active newsgroups?
1814 =item How do I fetch/put an FTP file?
1816 =item How can I do RPC in Perl?
1822 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1826 =head2 perlsyn - Perl syntax
1835 X<declaration> X<undef> X<undefined> X<uninitialized>
1840 =item Simple Statements
1841 X<statement> X<semicolon> X<expression> X<;>
1843 =item Truth and Falsehood
1844 X<truth> X<falsehood> X<true> X<false> X<!> X<not> X<negation> X<0>
1846 =item Statement Modifiers
1847 X<statement modifier> X<modifier> X<if> X<unless> X<while>
1848 X<until> X<foreach> X<for>
1850 =item Compound Statements
1851 X<statement, compound> X<block> X<bracket, curly> X<curly bracket> X<brace>
1852 X<{> X<}> X<if> X<unless> X<while> X<until> X<foreach> X<for> X<continue>
1855 X<loop control> X<loop, control> X<next> X<last> X<redo> X<continue>
1866 =item Switch statements
1867 X<switch> X<case> X<given> X<when> X<default>
1874 =item PODs: Embedded Documentation
1875 X<POD> X<documentation>
1877 =item Plain Old Comments (Not!)
1878 X<comment> X<line> X<#> X<preprocessor> X<eval>
1884 =head2 perldata - Perl data types
1892 =item Variable names
1893 X<variable, name> X<variable name> X<data type> X<type>
1896 X<context> X<scalar context> X<list context>
1899 X<scalar> X<number> X<string> X<reference>
1901 =item Scalar value constructors
1902 X<scalar, literal> X<scalar, constant>
1904 =item List value constructors
1910 X<slice> X<array, slice> X<hash, slice>
1912 =item Typeglobs and Filehandles
1913 X<typeglob> X<filehandle> X<*>
1921 =head2 perlop - Perl operators and precedence
1929 =item Operator Precedence and Associativity
1930 X<operator, precedence> X<precedence> X<associativity>
1932 =item Terms and List Operators (Leftward)
1933 X<list operator> X<operator, list> X<term>
1935 =item The Arrow Operator
1936 X<arrow> X<dereference> X<< -> >>
1938 =item Auto-increment and Auto-decrement
1939 X<increment> X<auto-increment> X<++> X<decrement> X<auto-decrement> X<-->
1941 =item Exponentiation
1942 X<**> X<exponentiation> X<power>
1944 =item Symbolic Unary Operators
1945 X<unary operator> X<operator, unary>
1947 =item Binding Operators
1948 X<binding> X<operator, binding> X<=~> X<!~>
1950 =item Multiplicative Operators
1951 X<operator, multiplicative>
1953 =item Additive Operators
1954 X<operator, additive>
1956 =item Shift Operators
1957 X<shift operator> X<operator, shift> X<<< << >>>
1958 X<<< >> >>> X<right shift> X<left shift> X<bitwise shift>
1959 X<shl> X<shr> X<shift, right> X<shift, left>
1961 =item Named Unary Operators
1962 X<operator, named unary>
1964 =item Relational Operators
1965 X<relational operator> X<operator, relational>
1967 =item Equality Operators
1968 X<equality> X<equal> X<equals> X<operator, equality>
1971 X<operator, bitwise, and> X<bitwise and> X<&>
1973 =item Bitwise Or and Exclusive Or
1974 X<operator, bitwise, or> X<bitwise or> X<|> X<operator, bitwise, xor>
1977 =item C-style Logical And
1978 X<&&> X<logical and> X<operator, logical, and>
1980 =item C-style Logical Or
1981 X<||> X<operator, logical, or>
1983 =item C-style Logical Defined-Or
1984 X<//> X<operator, logical, defined-or>
1986 =item Range Operators
1987 X<operator, range> X<range> X<..> X<...>
1989 =item Conditional Operator
1990 X<operator, conditional> X<operator, ternary> X<ternary> X<?:>
1992 =item Assignment Operators
1993 X<assignment> X<operator, assignment> X<=> X<**=> X<+=> X<*=> X<&=>
1994 X<<< <<= >>> X<&&=> X<-=> X</=> X<|=> X<<< >>= >>> X<||=> X<//=> X<.=>
1997 =item Comma Operator
1998 X<comma> X<operator, comma> X<,>
2000 =item List Operators (Rightward)
2001 X<operator, list, rightward> X<list operator>
2004 X<operator, logical, not> X<not>
2007 X<operator, logical, and> X<and>
2009 =item Logical or, Defined or, and Exclusive Or
2010 X<operator, logical, or> X<operator, logical, xor>
2011 X<operator, logical, defined or> X<operator, logical, exclusive or>
2014 =item C Operators Missing From Perl
2015 X<operator, missing from perl> X<&> X<*>
2016 X<typecasting> X<(TYPE)>
2018 unary &, unary *, (TYPE)
2020 =item Quote and Quote-like Operators
2021 X<operator, quote> X<operator, quote-like> X<q> X<qq> X<qx> X<qw> X<m>
2022 X<qr> X<s> X<tr> X<'> X<''> X<"> X<""> X<//> X<`> X<``> X<<< << >>>
2023 X<escape sequence> X<escape>
2025 =item Regexp Quote-Like Operators
2028 qr/STRING/msixpo X<qr> X</i> X</m> X</o> X</s> X</x> X</p>,
2029 m/PATTERN/msixpogc X<m> X<operator, match> X<regexp, options> X<regexp>
2030 X<regex, options> X<regex> X</m> X</s> X</i> X</x> X</p> X</o> X</g> X</c>,
2031 /PATTERN/msixpogc, ?PATTERN? X<?>, s/PATTERN/REPLACEMENT/msixpogce
2032 X<substitute> X<substitution> X<replace> X<regexp, replace> X<regexp,
2033 substitute> X</m> X</s> X</i> X</x> X</p> X</o> X</g> X</c> X</e>
2035 =item Quote-Like Operators
2036 X<operator, quote-like>
2038 q/STRING/ X<q> X<quote, single> X<'> X<''>, 'STRING', qq/STRING/ X<qq>
2039 X<quote, double> X<"> X<"">, "STRING", qx/STRING/ X<qx> X<`> X<``>
2040 X<backtick>, `STRING`, qw/STRING/ X<qw> X<quote, list> X<quote, words>,
2041 tr/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds X<tr> X<y> X<transliterate> X</c> X</d>
2042 X</s>, y/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds, <<EOF X<here-doc> X<heredoc>
2043 X<here-document> X<<< << >>>, Double Quotes, Single Quotes, Backticks
2045 =item Gory details of parsing quoted constructs
2046 X<quote, gory details>
2048 Finding the end, Interpolation X<interpolation>, C<<<'EOF'>, C<m''>, the
2049 pattern of C<s'''>, C<''>, C<q//>, C<tr'''>, C<y'''>, the replacement of
2050 C<s'''>, C<tr///>, C<y///>, C<"">, C<``>, C<qq//>, C<qx//>, C<< <file*glob>
2051 >>, C<<<"EOF">, the replacement of C<s///>, C<RE> in C<?RE?>, C</RE/>,
2052 C<m/RE/>, C<s/RE/foo/>,, parsing regular expressions X<regexp, parse>,
2053 Optimization of regular expressions X<regexp, optimization>
2056 X<operator, i/o> X<operator, io> X<io> X<while> X<filehandle>
2059 =item Constant Folding
2060 X<constant folding> X<folding>
2065 =item Bitwise String Operators
2066 X<operator, bitwise, string>
2068 =item Integer Arithmetic
2071 =item Floating-point Arithmetic
2072 X<floating-point> X<floating point> X<float> X<real>
2074 =item Bigger Numbers
2075 X<number, arbitrary precision>
2081 =head2 perlsub - Perl subroutines
2091 =item Private Variables via my()
2092 X<my> X<variable, lexical> X<lexical> X<lexical variable> X<scope, lexical>
2093 X<lexical scope> X<attributes, my>
2095 =item Persistent Private Variables
2096 X<state> X<state variable> X<static> X<variable, persistent> X<variable,
2099 =item Temporary Values via local()
2100 X<local> X<scope, dynamic> X<dynamic scope> X<variable, local>
2101 X<variable, temporary>
2103 =item Lvalue subroutines
2104 X<lvalue> X<subroutine, lvalue>
2106 Lvalue subroutines are EXPERIMENTAL
2108 =item Passing Symbol Table Entries (typeglobs)
2111 =item When to Still Use local()
2112 X<local> X<variable, local>
2114 =item Pass by Reference
2115 X<pass by reference> X<pass-by-reference> X<reference>
2118 X<prototype> X<subroutine, prototype>
2120 =item Constant Functions
2123 =item Overriding Built-in Functions
2124 X<built-in> X<override> X<CORE> X<CORE::GLOBAL>
2127 X<autoloading> X<AUTOLOAD>
2129 =item Subroutine Attributes
2130 X<attribute> X<subroutine, attribute> X<attrs>
2138 =head2 perlfunc - Perl builtin functions
2146 =item Perl Functions by Category
2149 Functions for SCALARs or strings X<scalar> X<string> X<character>, Regular
2150 expressions and pattern matching X<regular expression> X<regex> X<regexp>,
2151 Numeric functions X<numeric> X<number> X<trigonometric> X<trigonometry>,
2152 Functions for real @ARRAYs X<array>, Functions for list data X<list>,
2153 Functions for real %HASHes X<hash>, Input and output functions X<I/O>
2154 X<input> X<output> X<dbm>, Functions for fixed length data or records,
2155 Functions for filehandles, files, or directories X<file> X<filehandle>
2156 X<directory> X<pipe> X<link> X<symlink>, Keywords related to the control
2157 flow of your Perl program X<control flow>, Keywords related to switch,
2158 Keywords related to scoping, Miscellaneous functions, Functions for
2159 processes and process groups X<process> X<pid> X<process id>, Keywords
2160 related to perl modules X<module>, Keywords related to classes and
2161 object-orientation X<object> X<class> X<package>, Low-level socket
2162 functions X<socket> X<sock>, System V interprocess communication functions
2163 X<IPC> X<System V> X<semaphore> X<shared memory> X<memory> X<message>,
2164 Fetching user and group info X<user> X<group> X<password> X<uid> X<gid>
2165 X<passwd> X</etc/passwd>, Fetching network info X<network> X<protocol>
2166 X<host> X<hostname> X<IP> X<address> X<service>, Time-related functions
2167 X<time> X<date>, Functions new in perl5 X<perl5>, Functions obsoleted in
2171 X<portability> X<Unix> X<portable>
2173 =item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions
2176 X<-r>X<-w>X<-x>X<-o>X<-R>X<-W>X<-X>X<-O>X<-e>X<-z>X<-s>X<-f>X<-d>X<-l>X<-p>
2177 X<-S>X<-b>X<-c>X<-t>X<-u>X<-g>X<-k>X<-T>X<-B>X<-M>X<-A>X<-C>, -I<X> EXPR,
2178 -I<X> DIRHANDLE, -I<X>, abs VALUE X<abs> X<absolute>, abs, accept
2179 NEWSOCKET,GENERICSOCKET X<accept>, alarm SECONDS X<alarm> X<SIGALRM>
2180 X<timer>, alarm, atan2 Y,X X<atan2> X<arctangent> X<tan> X<tangent>, bind
2181 SOCKET,NAME X<bind>, binmode FILEHANDLE, LAYER X<binmode> X<binary> X<text>
2182 X<DOS> X<Windows>, binmode FILEHANDLE, bless REF,CLASSNAME X<bless>, bless
2183 REF, break, caller EXPR X<caller> X<call stack> X<stack> X<stack trace>,
2184 caller, chdir EXPR X<chdir> X<cd> X<directory, change>, chdir FILEHANDLE,
2185 chdir DIRHANDLE, chdir, chmod LIST X<chmod> X<permission> X<mode>, chomp
2186 VARIABLE X<chomp> X<INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR> X<$/> X<newline> X<eol>, chomp(
2187 LIST ), chomp, chop VARIABLE X<chop>, chop( LIST ), chop, chown LIST
2188 X<chown> X<owner> X<user> X<group>, chr NUMBER X<chr> X<character> X<ASCII>
2189 X<Unicode>, chr, chroot FILENAME X<chroot> X<root>, chroot, close
2190 FILEHANDLE X<close>, close, closedir DIRHANDLE X<closedir>, connect
2191 SOCKET,NAME X<connect>, continue BLOCK X<continue>, continue, cos EXPR
2192 X<cos> X<cosine> X<acos> X<arccosine>, cos, crypt PLAINTEXT,SALT X<crypt>
2193 X<digest> X<hash> X<salt> X<plaintext> X<password> X<decrypt>
2194 X<cryptography> X<passwd> X<encrypt>, dbmclose HASH X<dbmclose>, dbmopen
2195 HASH,DBNAME,MASK X<dbmopen> X<dbm> X<ndbm> X<sdbm> X<gdbm>, defined EXPR
2196 X<defined> X<undef> X<undefined>, defined, delete EXPR X<delete>, die LIST
2197 X<die> X<throw> X<exception> X<raise> X<$@> X<abort>, do BLOCK X<do>
2198 X<block>, do SUBROUTINE(LIST) X<do>, do EXPR X<do>, dump LABEL X<dump>
2199 X<core> X<undump>, dump, each HASH X<each> X<hash, iterator>, eof
2200 FILEHANDLE X<eof> X<end of file> X<end-of-file>, eof (), eof, eval EXPR
2201 X<eval> X<try> X<catch> X<evaluate> X<parse> X<execute> X<error, handling>
2202 X<exception, handling>, eval BLOCK, eval, exec LIST X<exec> X<execute>,
2203 exec PROGRAM LIST, exists EXPR X<exists> X<autovivification>, exit EXPR
2204 X<exit> X<terminate> X<abort>, exit, exp EXPR X<exp> X<exponential>
2205 X<antilog> X<antilogarithm> X<e>, exp, fcntl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR
2206 X<fcntl>, fileno FILEHANDLE X<fileno>, flock FILEHANDLE,OPERATION X<flock>
2207 X<lock> X<locking>, fork X<fork> X<child> X<parent>, format X<format>,
2208 formline PICTURE,LIST X<formline>, getc FILEHANDLE X<getc> X<getchar>
2209 X<character> X<file, read>, getc, getlogin X<getlogin> X<login>,
2210 getpeername SOCKET X<getpeername> X<peer>, getpgrp PID X<getpgrp> X<group>,
2211 getppid X<getppid> X<parent> X<pid>, getpriority WHICH,WHO X<getpriority>
2212 X<priority> X<nice>, getpwnam NAME X<getpwnam> X<getgrnam> X<gethostbyname>
2213 X<getnetbyname> X<getprotobyname> X<getpwuid> X<getgrgid> X<getservbyname>
2214 X<gethostbyaddr> X<getnetbyaddr> X<getprotobynumber> X<getservbyport>
2215 X<getpwent> X<getgrent> X<gethostent> X<getnetent> X<getprotoent>
2216 X<getservent> X<setpwent> X<setgrent> X<sethostent> X<setnetent>
2217 X<setprotoent> X<setservent> X<endpwent> X<endgrent> X<endhostent>
2218 X<endnetent> X<endprotoent> X<endservent>, getgrnam NAME, gethostbyname
2219 NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getprotobyname NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID,
2220 getservbyname NAME,PROTO, gethostbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getnetbyaddr
2221 ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER, getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent,
2222 getgrent, gethostent, getnetent, getprotoent, getservent, setpwent,
2223 setgrent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN,
2224 setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent, endhostent, endnetent,
2225 endprotoent, endservent, getsockname SOCKET X<getsockname>, getsockopt
2226 SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME X<getsockopt>, glob EXPR X<glob> X<wildcard>
2227 X<filename, expansion> X<expand>, glob, gmtime EXPR X<gmtime> X<UTC>
2228 X<Greenwich>, gmtime, goto LABEL X<goto> X<jump> X<jmp>, goto EXPR, goto
2229 &NAME, grep BLOCK LIST X<grep>, grep EXPR,LIST, hex EXPR X<hex>
2230 X<hexadecimal>, hex, import LIST X<import>, index STR,SUBSTR,POSITION
2231 X<index> X<indexOf> X<InStr>, index STR,SUBSTR, int EXPR X<int> X<integer>
2232 X<truncate> X<trunc> X<floor>, int, ioctl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR
2233 X<ioctl>, join EXPR,LIST X<join>, keys HASH X<keys> X<key>, kill SIGNAL,
2234 LIST X<kill> X<signal>, last LABEL X<last> X<break>, last, lc EXPR X<lc>
2235 X<lowercase>, lc, lcfirst EXPR X<lcfirst> X<lowercase>, lcfirst, length
2236 EXPR X<length> X<size>, length, link OLDFILE,NEWFILE X<link>, listen
2237 SOCKET,QUEUESIZE X<listen>, local EXPR X<local>, localtime EXPR
2238 X<localtime> X<ctime>, localtime, lock THING X<lock>, log EXPR X<log>
2239 X<logarithm> X<e> X<ln> X<base>, log, lstat EXPR X<lstat>, lstat, m//, map
2240 BLOCK LIST X<map>, map EXPR,LIST, mkdir FILENAME,MASK X<mkdir> X<md>
2241 X<directory, create>, mkdir FILENAME, mkdir, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG X<msgctl>,
2242 msgget KEY,FLAGS X<msgget>, msgrcv ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS X<msgrcv>, msgsnd
2243 ID,MSG,FLAGS X<msgsnd>, my EXPR X<my>, my TYPE EXPR, my EXPR : ATTRS, my
2244 TYPE EXPR : ATTRS, next LABEL X<next> X<continue>, next, no Module VERSION
2245 LIST X<no>, no Module VERSION, no Module LIST, no Module, no VERSION, oct
2246 EXPR X<oct> X<octal> X<hex> X<hexadecimal> X<binary> X<bin>, oct, open
2247 FILEHANDLE,EXPR X<open> X<pipe> X<file, open> X<fopen>, open
2248 FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR,LIST, open
2249 FILEHANDLE,MODE,REFERENCE, open FILEHANDLE, opendir DIRHANDLE,EXPR
2250 X<opendir>, ord EXPR X<ord> X<encoding>, ord, our EXPR X<our> X<global>,
2251 our TYPE EXPR, our EXPR : ATTRS, our TYPE EXPR : ATTRS, pack TEMPLATE,LIST
2252 X<pack>, package NAMESPACE X<package> X<module> X<namespace>, package, pipe
2253 READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE X<pipe>, pop ARRAY X<pop> X<stack>, pop, pos SCALAR
2254 X<pos> X<match, position>, pos, print FILEHANDLE LIST X<print>, print LIST,
2255 print, printf FILEHANDLE FORMAT, LIST X<printf>, printf FORMAT, LIST,
2256 prototype FUNCTION X<prototype>, push ARRAY,LIST X<push> X<stack>,
2257 q/STRING/, qq/STRING/, qr/STRING/, qx/STRING/, qw/STRING/, quotemeta EXPR
2258 X<quotemeta> X<metacharacter>, quotemeta, rand EXPR X<rand> X<random>,
2259 rand, read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET X<read> X<file, read>, read
2260 FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, readdir DIRHANDLE X<readdir>, readline EXPR,
2261 readline X<readline> X<gets> X<fgets>, readlink EXPR X<readlink>, readlink,
2262 readpipe EXPR, readpipe X<readpipe>, recv SOCKET,SCALAR,LENGTH,FLAGS
2263 X<recv>, redo LABEL X<redo>, redo, ref EXPR X<ref> X<reference>, ref,
2264 rename OLDNAME,NEWNAME X<rename> X<move> X<mv> X<ren>, require VERSION
2265 X<require>, require EXPR, require, reset EXPR X<reset>, reset, return EXPR
2266 X<return>, return, reverse LIST X<reverse> X<rev> X<invert>, rewinddir
2267 DIRHANDLE X<rewinddir>, rindex STR,SUBSTR,POSITION X<rindex>, rindex
2268 STR,SUBSTR, rmdir FILENAME X<rmdir> X<rd> X<directory, remove>, rmdir,
2269 s///, say FILEHANDLE LIST X<say>, say LIST, say, scalar EXPR X<scalar>
2270 X<context>, seek FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE X<seek> X<fseek> X<filehandle,
2271 position>, seekdir DIRHANDLE,POS X<seekdir>, select FILEHANDLE X<select>
2272 X<filehandle, default>, select, select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT X<select>,
2273 semctl ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG X<semctl>, semget KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS X<semget>, semop
2274 KEY,OPSTRING X<semop>, send SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS,TO X<send>, send
2275 SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS, setpgrp PID,PGRP X<setpgrp> X<group>, setpriority
2276 WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY X<setpriority> X<priority> X<nice> X<renice>, setsockopt
2277 SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL X<setsockopt>, shift ARRAY X<shift>, shift,
2278 shmctl ID,CMD,ARG X<shmctl>, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS X<shmget>, shmread
2279 ID,VAR,POS,SIZE X<shmread> X<shmwrite>, shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE,
2280 shutdown SOCKET,HOW X<shutdown>, sin EXPR X<sin> X<sine> X<asin>
2281 X<arcsine>, sin, sleep EXPR X<sleep> X<pause>, sleep, socket
2282 SOCKET,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL X<socket>, socketpair
2283 SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL X<socketpair>, sort SUBNAME LIST
2284 X<sort> X<qsort> X<quicksort> X<mergesort>, sort BLOCK LIST, sort LIST,
2285 splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,LIST X<splice>, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,
2286 splice ARRAY,OFFSET, splice ARRAY, split /PATTERN/,EXPR,LIMIT X<split>,
2287 split /PATTERN/,EXPR, split /PATTERN/, split, sprintf FORMAT, LIST
2288 X<sprintf>, format parameter index, flags, vector flag, (minimum) width,
2289 precision, or maximum width X<precision>, size, order of arguments, sqrt
2290 EXPR X<sqrt> X<root> X<square root>, sqrt, srand EXPR X<srand> X<seed>
2291 X<randseed>, srand, stat FILEHANDLE X<stat> X<file, status> X<ctime>, stat
2292 EXPR, stat DIRHANDLE, stat, state EXPR X<state>, state TYPE EXPR, state
2293 EXPR : ATTRS, state TYPE EXPR : ATTRS, study SCALAR X<study>, study, sub
2294 NAME BLOCK X<sub>, sub NAME (PROTO) BLOCK, sub NAME : ATTRS BLOCK, sub NAME
2295 (PROTO) : ATTRS BLOCK, substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH,REPLACEMENT X<substr>
2296 X<substring> X<mid> X<left> X<right>, substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH, substr
2297 EXPR,OFFSET, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE X<symlink> X<link> X<symbolic link>
2298 X<link, symbolic>, syscall NUMBER, LIST X<syscall> X<system call>, sysopen
2299 FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE X<sysopen>, sysopen
2300 FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, sysread FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET
2301 X<sysread>, sysread FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, sysseek
2302 FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE X<sysseek> X<lseek>, system LIST X<system>
2303 X<shell>, system PROGRAM LIST, syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET
2304 X<syswrite>, syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,
2305 tell FILEHANDLE X<tell>, tell, telldir DIRHANDLE X<telldir>, tie
2306 VARIABLE,CLASSNAME,LIST X<tie>, tied VARIABLE X<tied>, time X<time>
2307 X<epoch>, times X<times>, tr///, truncate FILEHANDLE,LENGTH X<truncate>,
2308 truncate EXPR,LENGTH, uc EXPR X<uc> X<uppercase> X<toupper>, uc, ucfirst
2309 EXPR X<ucfirst> X<uppercase>, ucfirst, umask EXPR X<umask>, umask, undef
2310 EXPR X<undef> X<undefine>, undef, unlink LIST X<unlink> X<delete> X<remove>
2311 X<rm> X<del>, unlink, unpack TEMPLATE,EXPR X<unpack>, unpack TEMPLATE,
2312 untie VARIABLE X<untie>, unshift ARRAY,LIST X<unshift>, use Module VERSION
2313 LIST X<use> X<module> X<import>, use Module VERSION, use Module LIST, use
2314 Module, use VERSION, utime LIST X<utime>, values HASH X<values>, vec
2315 EXPR,OFFSET,BITS X<vec> X<bit> X<bit vector>, wait X<wait>, waitpid
2316 PID,FLAGS X<waitpid>, wantarray X<wantarray> X<context>, warn LIST X<warn>
2317 X<warning> X<STDERR>, write FILEHANDLE X<write>, write EXPR, write, y///
2323 =head2 perlopentut - tutorial on opening things in Perl
2329 =item Open E<agrave> la shell
2335 =item Indirect Filehandles
2339 =item The Minus File
2341 =item Mixing Reads and Writes
2347 =item Open E<agrave> la C
2351 =item Permissions E<agrave> la mode
2355 =item Obscure Open Tricks
2359 =item Re-Opening Files (dups)
2361 =item Dispelling the Dweomer
2363 =item Paths as Opens
2365 =item Single Argument Open
2367 =item Playing with STDIN and STDOUT
2371 =item Other I/O Issues
2375 =item Opening Non-File Files
2377 =item Opening Named Pipes
2379 =item Opening Sockets
2391 =item AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT
2397 =head2 perlpacktut - tutorial on C<pack> and C<unpack>
2403 =item The Basic Principle
2407 =item Packing Numbers
2413 =item Unpacking a Stack Frame
2415 =item How to Eat an Egg on a Net
2417 =item Byte-order modifiers
2419 =item Floating point Numbers
2423 =item Exotic Templates
2435 =item Another Portable Binary Encoding
2439 =item Template Grouping
2441 =item Lengths and Widths
2445 =item String Lengths
2447 =item Dynamic Templates
2449 =item Counting Repetitions
2453 =item Packing and Unpacking C Structures
2457 =item The Alignment Pit
2459 =item Dealing with Endian-ness
2461 =item Alignment, Take 2
2463 =item Alignment, Take 3
2465 =item Pointers for How to Use Them
2471 =item Funnies Section
2477 =head2 perlpod - the Plain Old Documentation format
2485 =item Ordinary Paragraph
2486 X<POD, ordinary paragraph>
2488 =item Verbatim Paragraph
2489 X<POD, verbatim paragraph> X<verbatim>
2491 =item Command Paragraph
2494 C<=head1 I<Heading Text>> X<=head1> X<=head2> X<=head3> X<=head4> X<head1>
2495 X<head2> X<head3> X<head4>, C<=head2 I<Heading Text>>, C<=head3 I<Heading
2496 Text>>, C<=head4 I<Heading Text>>, C<=over I<indentlevel>> X<=over>
2497 X<=item> X<=back> X<over> X<item> X<back>, C<=item I<stuff...>>, C<=back>,
2498 C<=cut> X<=cut> X<cut>, C<=pod> X<=pod> X<pod>, C<=begin I<formatname>>
2499 X<=begin> X<=end> X<=for> X<begin> X<end> X<for>, C<=end I<formatname>>,
2500 C<=for I<formatname> I<text...>>, C<=encoding I<encodingname>> X<=encoding>
2503 =item Formatting Codes
2504 X<POD, formatting code> X<formatting code>
2505 X<POD, interior sequence> X<interior sequence>
2507 C<IE<lt>textE<gt>> -- italic text X<I> X<< IZ<><> >> X<POD, formatting
2508 code, italic> X<italic>, C<BE<lt>textE<gt>> -- bold text X<B> X<< BZ<><> >>
2509 X<POD, formatting code, bold> X<bold>, C<CE<lt>codeE<gt>> -- code text X<C>
2510 X<< CZ<><> >> X<POD, formatting code, code> X<code>, C<LE<lt>nameE<gt>> --
2511 a hyperlink X<L> X<< LZ<><> >> X<POD, formatting code, hyperlink>
2512 X<hyperlink>, C<EE<lt>escapeE<gt>> -- a character escape X<E> X<< EZ<><> >>
2513 X<POD, formatting code, escape> X<escape>, C<FE<lt>filenameE<gt>> -- used
2514 for filenames X<F> X<< FZ<><> >> X<POD, formatting code, filename>
2515 X<filename>, C<SE<lt>textE<gt>> -- text contains non-breaking spaces X<S>
2516 X<< SZ<><> >> X<POD, formatting code, non-breaking space> X<non-breaking
2517 space>, C<XE<lt>topic nameE<gt>> -- an index entry X<X> X<< XZ<><> >>
2518 X<POD, formatting code, index entry> X<index entry>, C<ZE<lt>E<gt>> -- a
2519 null (zero-effect) formatting code X<Z> X<< ZZ<><> >> X<POD, formatting
2525 =item Embedding Pods in Perl Modules
2528 =item Hints for Writing Pod
2530 X<podchecker> X<POD, validating>
2540 =head2 perlpodspec - Plain Old Documentation: format specification and
2547 =item Pod Definitions
2551 "=head1", "=head2", "=head3", "=head4", "=pod", "=cut", "=over", "=item",
2552 "=back", "=begin formatname", "=end formatname", "=for formatname text...",
2553 "=encoding encodingname"
2555 =item Pod Formatting Codes
2557 C<IE<lt>textE<gt>> -- italic text, C<BE<lt>textE<gt>> -- bold text,
2558 C<CE<lt>codeE<gt>> -- code text, C<FE<lt>filenameE<gt>> -- style for
2559 filenames, C<XE<lt>topic nameE<gt>> -- an index entry, C<ZE<lt>E<gt>> -- a
2560 null (zero-effect) formatting code, C<LE<lt>nameE<gt>> -- a hyperlink,
2561 C<EE<lt>escapeE<gt>> -- a character escape, C<SE<lt>textE<gt>> -- text
2562 contains non-breaking spaces
2564 =item Notes on Implementing Pod Processors
2566 =item About LE<lt>...E<gt> Codes
2568 First:, Second:, Third:, Fourth:, Fifth:, Sixth:
2570 =item About =over...=back Regions
2572 =item About Data Paragraphs and "=begin/=end" Regions
2580 =head2 perlrun - how to execute the Perl interpreter
2590 =item #! and quoting on non-Unix systems
2593 OS/2, MS-DOS, Win95/NT, Macintosh, VMS
2595 =item Location of Perl
2596 X<perl, location of interpreter>
2598 =item Command Switches
2599 X<perl, command switches> X<command switches>
2601 B<-0>[I<octal/hexadecimal>] X<-0> X<$/>, B<-a> X<-a> X<autosplit>, B<-C
2602 [I<number/list>]> X<-C>, B<-c> X<-c>, B<-d> X<-d> X<-dt>, B<-dt>,
2603 B<-d:>I<foo[=bar,baz]> X<-d> X<-dt>, B<-dt:>I<foo[=bar,baz]>,
2604 B<-D>I<letters> X<-D> X<DEBUGGING> X<-DDEBUGGING>, B<-D>I<number>, B<-e>
2605 I<commandline> X<-e>, B<-E> I<commandline> X<-E>, B<-f> X<-f>,
2606 B<-F>I<pattern> X<-F>, B<-h> X<-h>, B<-i>[I<extension>] X<-i> X<in-place>,
2607 B<-I>I<directory> X<-I> X<@INC>, B<-l>[I<octnum>] X<-l> X<$/> X<$\>,
2608 B<-m>[B<->]I<module> X<-m> X<-M>, B<-M>[B<->]I<module>,
2609 B<-M>[B<->]I<'module ...'>, B<-[mM]>[B<->]I<module=arg[,arg]...>, B<-n>
2610 X<-n>, B<-p> X<-p>, B<-P> X<-P>, B<-s> X<-s>, B<-S> X<-S>, B<-t> X<-t>,
2611 B<-T> X<-T>, B<-u> X<-u>, B<-U> X<-U>, B<-v> X<-v>, B<-V> X<-V>,
2612 B<-V:>I<configvar>, B<-w> X<-w>, B<-W> X<-W>, B<-X> X<-X>, B<-x> X<-x>,
2618 X<perl, environment variables>
2620 HOME X<HOME>, LOGDIR X<LOGDIR>, PATH X<PATH>, PERL5LIB X<PERL5LIB>,
2621 PERL5OPT X<PERL5OPT>, PERLIO X<PERLIO>, :bytes X<:bytes>, :crlf X<:crlf>,
2622 :mmap X<:mmap>, :perlio X<:perlio>, :pop X<:pop>, :raw X<:raw>, :stdio
2623 X<:stdio>, :unix X<:unix>, :utf8 X<:utf8>, :win32 X<:win32>, PERLIO_DEBUG
2624 X<PERLIO_DEBUG>, PERLLIB X<PERLLIB>, PERL5DB X<PERL5DB>, PERL5DB_THREADED
2625 X<PERL5DB_THREADED>, PERL5SHELL (specific to the Win32 port) X<PERL5SHELL>,
2626 PERL_ALLOW_NON_IFS_LSP (specific to the Win32 port)
2627 X<PERL_ALLOW_NON_IFS_LSP>, PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS X<PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS>,
2628 PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL X<PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL>, PERL_DL_NONLAZY
2629 X<PERL_DL_NONLAZY>, PERL_ENCODING X<PERL_ENCODING>, PERL_HASH_SEED
2630 X<PERL_HASH_SEED>, PERL_HASH_SEED_DEBUG X<PERL_HASH_SEED_DEBUG>, PERL_ROOT
2631 (specific to the VMS port) X<PERL_ROOT>, PERL_SIGNALS X<PERL_SIGNALS>,
2632 PERL_UNICODE X<PERL_UNICODE>, SYS$LOGIN (specific to the VMS port)
2637 =head2 perldiag - various Perl diagnostics
2647 =head2 perllexwarn - Perl Lexical Warnings
2655 =item Default Warnings and Optional Warnings
2657 =item What's wrong with B<-w> and C<$^W>
2659 =item Controlling Warnings from the Command Line
2661 B<-w> X<-w>, B<-W> X<-W>, B<-X> X<-X>
2663 =item Backward Compatibility
2665 =item Category Hierarchy
2666 X<warning, categories>
2668 =item Fatal Warnings
2671 =item Reporting Warnings from a Module
2672 X<warning, reporting> X<warning, registering>
2682 =head2 perldebug - Perl debugging
2688 =item The Perl Debugger
2692 =item Calling the debugger
2694 perl -d program_name, perl -d -e 0, perl -d:Ptkdb program_name, perl -dt
2695 threaded_program_name
2697 =item Debugger Commands
2699 h X<debugger command, h>, h [command], h h, p expr X<debugger command, p>,
2700 x [maxdepth] expr X<debugger command, x>, V [pkg [vars]] X<debugger
2701 command, V>, X [vars] X<debugger command, X>, y [level [vars]] X<debugger
2702 command, y>, T X<debugger command, T> X<backtrace> X<stack, backtrace>, s
2703 [expr] X<debugger command, s> X<step>, n [expr] X<debugger command, n>, r
2704 X<debugger command, r>, <CR>, c [line|sub] X<debugger command, c>, l
2705 X<debugger command, l>, l min+incr, l min-max, l line, l subname, -
2706 X<debugger command, ->, v [line] X<debugger command, v>, . X<debugger
2707 command, .>, f filename X<debugger command, f>, /pattern/, ?pattern?, L
2708 [abw] X<debugger command, L>, S [[!]regex] X<debugger command, S>, t
2709 X<debugger command, t>, t expr X<debugger command, t>, b X<breakpoint>
2710 X<debugger command, b>, b [line] [condition] X<breakpoint> X<debugger
2711 command, b>, b subname [condition] X<breakpoint> X<debugger command, b>, b
2712 postpone subname [condition] X<breakpoint> X<debugger command, b>, b load
2713 filename X<breakpoint> X<debugger command, b>, b compile subname
2714 X<breakpoint> X<debugger command, b>, B line X<breakpoint> X<debugger
2715 command, B>, B * X<breakpoint> X<debugger command, B>, a [line] command
2716 X<debugger command, a>, A line X<debugger command, A>, A * X<debugger
2717 command, A>, w expr X<debugger command, w>, W expr X<debugger command, W>,
2718 W * X<debugger command, W>, o X<debugger command, o>, o booloption ...
2719 X<debugger command, o>, o anyoption? ... X<debugger command, o>, o
2720 option=value ... X<debugger command, o>, < ? X<< debugger command, < >>, <
2721 [ command ] X<< debugger command, < >>, < * X<< debugger command, < >>, <<
2722 command X<< debugger command, << >>, > ? X<< debugger command, > >>, >
2723 command X<< debugger command, > >>, > * X<< debugger command, > >>, >>
2724 command X<<< debugger command, >> >>>, { ? X<debugger command, {>, { [
2725 command ], { * X<debugger command, {>, {{ command X<debugger command, {{>,
2726 ! number X<debugger command, !>, ! -number X<debugger command, !>, !
2727 pattern X<debugger command, !>, !! cmd X<debugger command, !!>, source file
2728 X<debugger command, source>, H -number X<debugger command, H>, q or ^D
2729 X<debugger command, q> X<debugger command, ^D>, R X<debugger command, R>,
2730 |dbcmd X<debugger command, |>, ||dbcmd X<debugger command, ||>, command, m
2731 expr X<debugger command, m>, M X<debugger command, M>, man [manpage]
2732 X<debugger command, man>
2734 =item Configurable Options
2736 C<recallCommand>, C<ShellBang> X<debugger option, recallCommand> X<debugger
2737 option, ShellBang>, C<pager> X<debugger option, pager>, C<tkRunning>
2738 X<debugger option, tkRunning>, C<signalLevel>, C<warnLevel>, C<dieLevel>
2739 X<debugger option, signalLevel> X<debugger option, warnLevel> X<debugger
2740 option, dieLevel>, C<AutoTrace> X<debugger option, AutoTrace>, C<LineInfo>
2741 X<debugger option, LineInfo>, C<inhibit_exit> X<debugger option,
2742 inhibit_exit>, C<PrintRet> X<debugger option, PrintRet>, C<ornaments>
2743 X<debugger option, ornaments>, C<frame> X<debugger option, frame>,
2744 C<maxTraceLen> X<debugger option, maxTraceLen>, C<windowSize> X<debugger
2745 option, windowSize>, C<arrayDepth>, C<hashDepth> X<debugger option,
2746 arrayDepth> X<debugger option, hashDepth>, C<dumpDepth> X<debugger option,
2747 dumpDepth>, C<compactDump>, C<veryCompact> X<debugger option, compactDump>
2748 X<debugger option, veryCompact>, C<globPrint> X<debugger option,
2749 globPrint>, C<DumpDBFiles> X<debugger option, DumpDBFiles>, C<DumpPackages>
2750 X<debugger option, DumpPackages>, C<DumpReused> X<debugger option,
2751 DumpReused>, C<quote>, C<HighBit>, C<undefPrint> X<debugger option, quote>
2752 X<debugger option, HighBit> X<debugger option, undefPrint>, C<UsageOnly>
2753 X<debugger option, UsageOnly>, C<TTY> X<debugger option, TTY>, C<noTTY>
2754 X<debugger option, noTTY>, C<ReadLine> X<debugger option, ReadLine>,
2755 C<NonStop> X<debugger option, NonStop>
2757 =item Debugger input/output
2759 Prompt, Multiline commands, Stack backtrace X<backtrace> X<stack,
2760 backtrace>, Line Listing Format, Frame listing
2762 =item Debugging compile-time statements
2764 =item Debugger Customization
2766 =item Readline Support
2768 =item Editor Support for Debugging
2770 =item The Perl Profiler
2771 X<profile> X<profiling> X<profiler>
2775 =item Debugging regular expressions
2776 X<regular expression, debugging>
2777 X<regex, debugging> X<regexp, debugging>
2779 =item Debugging memory usage
2788 =head2 perlvar - Perl predefined variables
2796 =item Predefined Names
2798 $ARG, $_ X<$_> X<$ARG>, $a, $b X<$a> X<$b>, $<I<digits>> X<$1> X<$2> X<$3>,
2799 $MATCH, $& X<$&> X<$MATCH>, ${^MATCH} X<${^MATCH}>, $PREMATCH, $` X<$`>
2800 X<$PREMATCH>, ${^PREMATCH} X<${^PREMATCH}>, $POSTMATCH, $' X<$'>
2801 X<$POSTMATCH>, ${^POSTMATCH} X<${^POSTMATCH}>, $LAST_PAREN_MATCH, $+ X<$+>
2802 X<$LAST_PAREN_MATCH>, $LAST_SUBMATCH_RESULT, $^N X<$^N>, @LAST_MATCH_END,
2803 @+ X<@+> X<@LAST_MATCH_END>, %+ X<%+>, HANDLE->input_line_number(EXPR),
2804 $INPUT_LINE_NUMBER, $NR, $. X<$.> X<$NR> X<$INPUT_LINE_NUMBER> X<line
2805 number>, IO::Handle->input_record_separator(EXPR), $INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR,
2806 $RS, $/ X<$/> X<$RS> X<$INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR>, HANDLE->autoflush(EXPR),
2807 $OUTPUT_AUTOFLUSH, $| X<$|> X<autoflush> X<flush> X<$OUTPUT_AUTOFLUSH>,
2808 IO::Handle->output_field_separator EXPR, $OUTPUT_FIELD_SEPARATOR, $OFS, $,
2809 X<$,> X<$OFS> X<$OUTPUT_FIELD_SEPARATOR>,
2810 IO::Handle->output_record_separator EXPR, $OUTPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $ORS,
2811 $\ X<$\> X<$ORS> X<$OUTPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR>, $LIST_SEPARATOR, $" X<$">
2812 X<$LIST_SEPARATOR>, $SUBSCRIPT_SEPARATOR, $SUBSEP, $; X<$;> X<$SUBSEP>
2813 X<SUBSCRIPT_SEPARATOR>, HANDLE->format_page_number(EXPR),
2814 $FORMAT_PAGE_NUMBER, $% X<$%> X<$FORMAT_PAGE_NUMBER>,
2815 HANDLE->format_lines_per_page(EXPR), $FORMAT_LINES_PER_PAGE, $= X<$=>
2816 X<$FORMAT_LINES_PER_PAGE>, HANDLE->format_lines_left(EXPR),
2817 $FORMAT_LINES_LEFT, $- X<$-> X<$FORMAT_LINES_LEFT>, @LAST_MATCH_START, @-
2818 X<@-> X<@LAST_MATCH_START>, C<$`> is the same as C<substr($var, 0, $-[0])>,
2819 C<$&> is the same as C<substr($var, $-[0], $+[0] - $-[0])>, C<$'> is the
2820 same as C<substr($var, $+[0])>, C<$1> is the same as C<substr($var, $-[1],
2821 $+[1] - $-[1])>, C<$2> is the same as C<substr($var, $-[2], $+[2] -
2822 $-[2])>, C<$3> is the same as C<substr($var, $-[3], $+[3] - $-[3])>, %-
2823 X<%->, HANDLE->format_name(EXPR), $FORMAT_NAME, $~ X<$~> X<$FORMAT_NAME>,
2824 HANDLE->format_top_name(EXPR), $FORMAT_TOP_NAME, $^ X<$^>
2825 X<$FORMAT_TOP_NAME>, IO::Handle->format_line_break_characters EXPR,
2826 $FORMAT_LINE_BREAK_CHARACTERS, $: X<$:> X<FORMAT_LINE_BREAK_CHARACTERS>,
2827 IO::Handle->format_formfeed EXPR, $FORMAT_FORMFEED, $^L X<$^L>
2828 X<$FORMAT_FORMFEED>, $ACCUMULATOR, $^A X<$^A> X<$ACCUMULATOR>,
2829 $CHILD_ERROR, $? X<$?> X<$CHILD_ERROR>, ${^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE}
2830 X<$^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE>, ${^ENCODING} X<$^ENCODING>, $OS_ERROR, $ERRNO, $!
2831 X<$!> X<$ERRNO> X<$OS_ERROR>, %OS_ERROR, %ERRNO, %! X<%!>,
2832 $EXTENDED_OS_ERROR, $^E X<$^E> X<$EXTENDED_OS_ERROR>, $EVAL_ERROR, $@ X<$@>
2833 X<$EVAL_ERROR>, $PROCESS_ID, $PID, $$ X<$$> X<$PID> X<$PROCESS_ID>,
2834 $REAL_USER_ID, $UID, $< X<< $< >> X<$UID> X<$REAL_USER_ID>,
2835 $EFFECTIVE_USER_ID, $EUID, $> X<< $> >> X<$EUID> X<$EFFECTIVE_USER_ID>,
2836 $REAL_GROUP_ID, $GID, $( X<$(> X<$GID> X<$REAL_GROUP_ID>,
2837 $EFFECTIVE_GROUP_ID, $EGID, $) X<$)> X<$EGID> X<$EFFECTIVE_GROUP_ID>,
2838 $PROGRAM_NAME, $0 X<$0> X<$PROGRAM_NAME>, $[ X<$[>, $] X<$]>, $COMPILING,
2839 $^C X<$^C> X<$COMPILING>, $DEBUGGING, $^D X<$^D> X<$DEBUGGING>,
2840 ${^RE_DEBUG_FLAGS}, ${^RE_TRIE_MAXBUF}, $SYSTEM_FD_MAX, $^F X<$^F>
2841 X<$SYSTEM_FD_MAX>, $^H, %^H, $INPLACE_EDIT, $^I X<$^I> X<$INPLACE_EDIT>,
2842 $^M X<$^M>, $OSNAME, $^O X<$^O> X<$OSNAME>, ${^OPEN}, $PERLDB, $^P X<$^P>
2843 X<$PERLDB>, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80, 0x100, 0x200,
2844 0x400, $LAST_REGEXP_CODE_RESULT, $^R X<$^R> X<$LAST_REGEXP_CODE_RESULT>,
2845 $EXCEPTIONS_BEING_CAUGHT, $^S X<$^S> X<$EXCEPTIONS_BEING_CAUGHT>,
2846 $BASETIME, $^T X<$^T> X<$BASETIME>, ${^TAINT}, ${^UNICODE}, ${^UTF8CACHE},
2847 ${^UTF8LOCALE}, $PERL_VERSION, $^V X<$^V> X<$PERL_VERSION>, $WARNING, $^W
2848 X<$^W> X<$WARNING>, ${^WARNING_BITS}, ${^WIN32_SLOPPY_STAT},
2849 $EXECUTABLE_NAME, $^X X<$^X> X<$EXECUTABLE_NAME>, ARGV X<ARGV>, $ARGV
2850 X<$ARGV>, @ARGV X<@ARGV>, ARGVOUT X<ARGVOUT>, @F X<@F>, @INC X<@INC>, @ARG,
2851 @_ X<@_> X<@ARG>, %INC X<%INC>, %ENV, $ENV{expr} X<%ENV>, %SIG, $SIG{expr}
2854 =item Error Indicators
2855 X<error> X<exception>
2857 =item Technical Note on the Syntax of Variable Names
2865 =head2 perlre - Perl regular expressions
2875 m X</m> X<regex, multiline> X<regexp, multiline> X<regular expression,
2876 multiline>, s X</s> X<regex, single-line> X<regexp, single-line> X<regular
2877 expression, single-line>, i X</i> X<regex, case-insensitive> X<regexp,
2878 case-insensitive> X<regular expression, case-insensitive>, x X</x>, p X</p>
2879 X<regex, preserve> X<regexp, preserve>, g and c X</g> X</c>
2881 =item Regular Expressions
2883 [1], [2], [3], cntrl X<cntrl>, graph X<graph>, print X<print>, punct
2884 X<punct>, xdigit X<xdigit>
2886 =item Extended Patterns
2888 C<(?#text)> X<(?#)>, C<(?pimsx-imsx)> X<(?)>, C<(?:pattern)> X<(?:)>,
2889 C<(?imsx-imsx:pattern)>, C<(?|pattern)> X<(?|)> X<Branch reset>,
2890 Look-Around Assertions X<look-around assertion> X<lookaround assertion>
2891 X<look-around> X<lookaround>, C<(?=pattern)> X<(?=)> X<look-ahead,
2892 positive> X<lookahead, positive>, C<(?!pattern)> X<(?!)> X<look-ahead,
2893 negative> X<lookahead, negative>, C<(?<=pattern)> C<\K> X<(?<=)>
2894 X<look-behind, positive> X<lookbehind, positive> X<\K>, C<(?<!pattern)>
2895 X<(?<!)> X<look-behind, negative> X<lookbehind, negative>,
2896 C<(?'NAME'pattern)>, C<< (?<NAME>pattern) >> X<< (?<NAME>) >> X<(?'NAME')>
2897 X<named capture> X<capture>, C<< \k<NAME> >>, C<< \k'NAME' >>, C<(?{ code
2898 })> X<(?{})> X<regex, code in> X<regexp, code in> X<regular expression,
2899 code in>, C<(??{ code })> X<(??{})> X<regex, postponed> X<regexp,
2900 postponed> X<regular expression, postponed>, C<(?PARNO)> C<(?-PARNO)>
2901 C<(?+PARNO)> C<(?R)> C<(?0)> X<(?PARNO)> X<(?1)> X<(?R)> X<(?0)> X<(?-1)>
2902 X<(?+1)> X<(?-PARNO)> X<(?+PARNO)> X<regex, recursive> X<regexp, recursive>
2903 X<regular expression, recursive> X<regex, relative recursion>, C<(?&NAME)>
2904 X<(?&NAME)>, C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)> X<(?()>,
2905 C<(?(condition)yes-pattern)>, (1) (2) .., (<NAME>) ('NAME'), (?{ CODE }),
2906 (R), (R1) (R2) .., (R&NAME), (DEFINE), C<< (?>pattern) >> X<backtrack>
2907 X<backtracking> X<atomic> X<possessive>
2909 =item Special Backtracking Control Verbs
2911 Verbs that take an argument, C<(*PRUNE)> C<(*PRUNE:NAME)> X<(*PRUNE)>
2912 X<(*PRUNE:NAME)>, C<(*SKIP)> C<(*SKIP:NAME)> X<(*SKIP)>, C<(*MARK:NAME)>
2913 C<(*:NAME)> X<(*MARK)> C<(*MARK:NAME)> C<(*:NAME)>, C<(*THEN)>
2914 C<(*THEN:NAME)>, C<(*COMMIT)> X<(*COMMIT)>, Verbs without an argument,
2915 C<(*FAIL)> C<(*F)> X<(*FAIL)> X<(*F)>, C<(*ACCEPT)> X<(*ACCEPT)>
2918 X<backtrack> X<backtracking>
2920 =item Version 8 Regular Expressions
2921 X<regular expression, version 8> X<regex, version 8> X<regexp, version 8>
2923 =item Warning on \1 Instead of $1
2925 =item Repeated Patterns Matching a Zero-length Substring
2927 =item Combining RE Pieces
2929 C<ST>, C<S|T>, C<S{REPEAT_COUNT}>, C<S{min,max}>, C<S{min,max}?>, C<S?>,
2930 C<S*>, C<S+>, C<S??>, C<S*?>, C<S+?>, C<< (?>S) >>, C<(?=S)>, C<(?<=S)>,
2931 C<(?!S)>, C<(?<!S)>, C<(??{ EXPR })>, C<(?PARNO)>,
2932 C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)>
2934 =item Creating Custom RE Engines
2938 =item PCRE/Python Support
2940 C<< (?PE<lt>NAMEE<gt>pattern) >>, C<< (?P=NAME) >>, C<< (?P>NAME) >>
2948 =head2 perlrebackslash - Perl Regular Expression Backslash Sequences and
2961 =item All the sequences and escapes
2963 =item Character Escapes
2969 =item Character classes
2975 \A, \z, \Z, \G, \b, \B
2985 =head2 perlrecharclass - Perl Regular Expression Character Classes
2995 =item Backslashed sequences
2999 =item Bracketed Character Classes
3001 cntrl, graph, print, punct
3003 =item Locale, Unicode and UTF-8
3009 =head2 perlreref - Perl Regular Expressions Reference
3021 =item ESCAPE SEQUENCES
3023 =item CHARACTER CLASSES
3029 =item EXTENDED CONSTRUCTS
3047 =head2 perlref - Perl references and nested data structures
3057 =item Making References
3058 X<reference, creation> X<referencing>
3060 1. X<\> X<backslash>, 2. X<array, anonymous> X<[> X<[]> X<square bracket>
3061 X<bracket, square> X<arrayref> X<array reference> X<reference, array>, 3.
3062 X<hash, anonymous> X<{> X<{}> X<curly bracket> X<bracket, curly> X<brace>
3063 X<hashref> X<hash reference> X<reference, hash>, 4. X<subroutine,
3064 anonymous> X<subroutine, reference> X<reference, subroutine> X<scope,
3065 lexical> X<closure> X<lexical> X<lexical scope>, 5. X<constructor> X<new>,
3066 6. X<autovivification>, 7. X<*foo{THING}> X<*>
3068 =item Using References
3069 X<reference, use> X<dereferencing> X<dereference>
3071 =item Symbolic references
3072 X<reference, symbolic> X<reference, soft>
3073 X<symbolic reference> X<soft reference>
3075 =item Not-so-symbolic references
3077 =item Pseudo-hashes: Using an array as a hash
3078 X<pseudo-hash> X<pseudo hash> X<pseudohash>
3080 =item Function Templates
3081 X<scope, lexical> X<closure> X<lexical> X<lexical scope>
3082 X<subroutine, nested> X<sub, nested> X<subroutine, local> X<sub, local>
3087 X<reference, string context> X<reference, use as hash key>
3093 =head2 perlform - Perl formats
3102 X<format, text field>
3104 =item Numeric Fields
3105 X<#> X<format, numeric field>
3107 =item The Field @* for Variable Width Multi-Line Text
3110 =item The Field ^* for Variable Width One-line-at-a-time Text
3113 =item Specifying Values
3114 X<format, specifying values>
3116 =item Using Fill Mode
3117 X<format, fill mode>
3119 =item Suppressing Lines Where All Fields Are Void
3120 X<format, suppressing lines>
3122 =item Repeating Format Lines
3123 X<format, repeating lines>
3125 =item Top of Form Processing
3126 X<format, top of form> X<top> X<header>
3128 =item Format Variables
3130 X<format, variables>
3139 X<format, footer> X<footer>
3141 =item Accessing Formatting Internals
3142 X<format, internals>
3150 =head2 perlobj - Perl objects
3158 =item An Object is Simply a Reference
3159 X<object> X<bless> X<constructor> X<new>
3161 =item A Class is Simply a Package
3162 X<class> X<package> X<@ISA> X<inheritance>
3164 =item A Method is Simply a Subroutine
3167 =item Method Invocation
3168 X<invocation> X<method> X<arrow> X<< -> >>
3170 =item Indirect Object Syntax
3171 X<indirect object syntax> X<invocation, indirect> X<indirect>
3173 =item Default UNIVERSAL methods
3176 isa(CLASS) X<isa>, can(METHOD) X<can>, VERSION( [NEED] ) X<VERSION>
3179 X<destructor> X<DESTROY>
3183 =item Two-Phased Garbage Collection
3184 X<garbage collection> X<GC> X<circular reference>
3185 X<reference, circular> X<DESTROY> X<destructor>
3193 =head2 perltie - how to hide an object class in a simple variable
3206 TIESCALAR classname, LIST X<TIESCALAR>, FETCH this X<FETCH>, STORE this,
3207 value X<STORE>, UNTIE this X<UNTIE>, DESTROY this X<DESTROY>
3212 TIEARRAY classname, LIST X<TIEARRAY>, FETCH this, index X<FETCH>, STORE
3213 this, index, value X<STORE>, FETCHSIZE this X<FETCHSIZE>, STORESIZE this,
3214 count X<STORESIZE>, EXTEND this, count X<EXTEND>, EXISTS this, key
3215 X<EXISTS>, DELETE this, key X<DELETE>, CLEAR this X<CLEAR>, PUSH this, LIST
3216 X<PUSH>, POP this X<POP>, SHIFT this X<SHIFT>, UNSHIFT this, LIST
3217 X<UNSHIFT>, SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST X<SPLICE>, UNTIE this
3218 X<UNTIE>, DESTROY this X<DESTROY>
3223 USER, HOME, CLOBBER, LIST, TIEHASH classname, LIST X<TIEHASH>, FETCH this,
3224 key X<FETCH>, STORE this, key, value X<STORE>, DELETE this, key X<DELETE>,
3225 CLEAR this X<CLEAR>, EXISTS this, key X<EXISTS>, FIRSTKEY this X<FIRSTKEY>,
3226 NEXTKEY this, lastkey X<NEXTKEY>, SCALAR this X<SCALAR>, UNTIE this
3227 X<UNTIE>, DESTROY this X<DESTROY>
3229 =item Tying FileHandles
3230 X<filehandle, tying>
3232 TIEHANDLE classname, LIST X<TIEHANDLE>, WRITE this, LIST X<WRITE>, PRINT
3233 this, LIST X<PRINT>, PRINTF this, LIST X<PRINTF>, READ this, LIST X<READ>,
3234 READLINE this X<READLINE>, GETC this X<GETC>, CLOSE this X<CLOSE>, UNTIE
3235 this X<UNTIE>, DESTROY this X<DESTROY>
3240 =item The C<untie> Gotcha
3253 =head2 perldbmfilter - Perl DBM Filters
3261 B<filter_store_key>, B<filter_store_value>, B<filter_fetch_key>,
3262 B<filter_fetch_value>
3268 =item An Example -- the NULL termination problem.
3270 =item Another Example -- Key is a C int.
3280 =head2 perlipc - Perl interprocess communication (signals, fifos, pipes,
3281 safe subprocesses, sockets, and semaphores)
3291 =item Handling the SIGHUP Signal in Daemons
3299 =item Deferred Signals (Safe Signals)
3301 Long-running opcodes, Interrupting IO, Restartable system calls, Signals as
3302 "faults", Signals triggered by operating system state
3306 =item Using open() for IPC
3312 =item Background Processes
3314 =item Complete Dissociation of Child from Parent
3316 =item Safe Pipe Opens
3318 =item Bidirectional Communication with Another Process
3320 =item Bidirectional Communication with Yourself
3324 =item Sockets: Client/Server Communication
3328 =item Internet Line Terminators
3330 =item Internet TCP Clients and Servers
3332 =item Unix-Domain TCP Clients and Servers
3336 =item TCP Clients with IO::Socket
3340 =item A Simple Client
3342 C<Proto>, C<PeerAddr>, C<PeerPort>
3344 =item A Webget Client
3346 =item Interactive Client with IO::Socket
3350 =item TCP Servers with IO::Socket
3352 Proto, LocalPort, Listen, Reuse
3354 =item UDP: Message Passing
3368 =head2 perlfork - Perl's fork() emulation
3378 =item Behavior of other Perl features in forked pseudo-processes
3380 $$ or $PROCESS_ID, %ENV, chdir() and all other builtins that accept
3381 filenames, wait() and waitpid(), kill(), exec(), exit(), Open handles to
3382 files, directories and network sockets
3384 =item Resource limits
3386 =item Killing the parent process
3388 =item Lifetime of the parent process and pseudo-processes
3390 =item CAVEATS AND LIMITATIONS
3392 BEGIN blocks, Open filehandles, Forking pipe open() not yet implemented,
3393 Global state maintained by XSUBs, Interpreter embedded in larger
3394 application, Thread-safety of extensions
3406 =head2 perlnumber - semantics of numbers and numeric operations in Perl
3414 =item Storing numbers
3416 =item Numeric operators and numeric conversions
3418 =item Flavors of Perl numeric operations
3420 Arithmetic operators, ++, Arithmetic operators during C<use integer>, Other
3421 mathematical operators, Bitwise operators, Bitwise operators during C<use
3422 integer>, Operators which expect an integer, Operators which expect a
3431 =head2 perlthrtut - Tutorial on threads in Perl
3437 =item What Is A Thread Anyway?
3439 =item Threaded Program Models
3451 =item What kind of threads are Perl threads?
3453 =item Thread-Safe Modules
3459 =item Basic Thread Support
3461 =item A Note about the Examples
3463 =item Creating Threads
3465 =item Waiting For A Thread To Exit
3467 =item Ignoring A Thread
3469 =item Process and Thread Termination
3473 =item Threads And Data
3477 =item Shared And Unshared Data
3479 =item Thread Pitfalls: Races
3483 =item Synchronization and control
3487 =item Controlling access: lock()
3489 =item A Thread Pitfall: Deadlocks
3491 =item Queues: Passing Data Around
3493 =item Semaphores: Synchronizing Data Access
3495 =item Basic semaphores
3497 =item Advanced Semaphores
3499 =item Waiting for a Condition
3501 =item Giving up control
3505 =item General Thread Utility Routines
3509 =item What Thread Am I In?
3513 =item Are These Threads The Same?
3515 =item What Threads Are Running?
3519 =item A Complete Example
3521 =item Different implementations of threads
3523 =item Performance considerations
3525 =item Process-scope Changes
3527 =item Thread-Safety of System Libraries
3537 =item Introductory Texts
3539 =item OS-Related References
3541 =item Other References
3545 =item Acknowledgements
3553 =head2 perlothrtut - old tutorial on threads in Perl
3559 =item What Is A Thread Anyway?
3561 =item Threaded Program Models
3573 =item Native threads
3575 =item What kind of threads are perl threads?
3577 =item Threadsafe Modules
3583 =item Basic Thread Support
3585 =item Creating Threads
3587 =item Giving up control
3589 =item Waiting For A Thread To Exit
3591 =item Errors In Threads
3593 =item Ignoring A Thread
3597 =item Threads And Data
3601 =item Shared And Unshared Data
3603 =item Thread Pitfall: Races
3605 =item Controlling access: lock()
3607 =item Thread Pitfall: Deadlocks
3609 =item Queues: Passing Data Around
3613 =item Threads And Code
3617 =item Semaphores: Synchronizing Data Access
3619 Basic semaphores, Advanced Semaphores
3621 =item Attributes: Restricting Access To Subroutines
3623 =item Subroutine Locks
3627 =item Locking A Subroutine
3631 =item General Thread Utility Routines
3635 =item What Thread Am I In?
3639 =item Are These Threads The Same?
3641 =item What Threads Are Running?
3645 =item A Complete Example
3653 =item Introductory Texts
3655 =item OS-Related References
3657 =item Other References
3661 =item Acknowledgements
3669 =head2 perlport - Writing portable Perl
3675 Not all Perl programs have to be portable, Nearly all of Perl already I<is>
3684 =item Numbers endianness and Width
3686 =item Files and Filesystems
3688 =item System Interaction
3690 =item Command names versus file pathnames
3694 =item Interprocess Communication (IPC)
3696 =item External Subroutines (XS)
3698 =item Standard Modules
3702 =item Character sets and character encoding
3704 =item Internationalisation
3706 =item System Resources
3722 =item DOS and Derivatives
3730 =item EBCDIC Platforms
3738 =item FUNCTION IMPLEMENTATIONS
3742 =item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions
3744 -I<X>, atan2, binmode, chmod, chown, chroot, crypt, dbmclose, dbmopen,
3745 dump, exec, exit, fcntl, flock, fork, getlogin, getpgrp, getppid,
3746 getpriority, getpwnam, getgrnam, getnetbyname, getpwuid, getgrgid,
3747 getnetbyaddr, getprotobynumber, getservbyport, getpwent, getgrent,
3748 gethostbyname, gethostent, getnetent, getprotoent, getservent, sethostent,
3749 setnetent, setprotoent, setservent, endpwent, endgrent, endhostent,
3750 endnetent, endprotoent, endservent, getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob,
3751 gmtime, ioctl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, kill, link, localtime, lstat,
3752 msgctl, msgget, msgsnd, msgrcv, open, pipe, readlink, rename, select,
3753 semctl, semget, semop, setgrent, setpgrp, setpriority, setpwent,
3754 setsockopt, shmctl, shmget, shmread, shmwrite, sockatmark, socketpair,
3755 stat, symlink, syscall, sysopen, system, times, truncate, umask, utime,
3760 =item Supported Platforms
3764 =item AUTHORS / CONTRIBUTORS
3768 =head2 perllocale - Perl locale handling (internationalization and
3775 =item PREPARING TO USE LOCALES
3781 =item The use locale pragma
3783 =item The setlocale function
3785 =item Finding locales
3787 =item LOCALE PROBLEMS
3789 =item Temporarily fixing locale problems
3791 =item Permanently fixing locale problems
3793 =item Permanently fixing your system's locale configuration
3795 =item Fixing system locale configuration
3797 =item The localeconv function
3799 =item I18N::Langinfo
3803 =item LOCALE CATEGORIES
3807 =item Category LC_COLLATE: Collation
3809 =item Category LC_CTYPE: Character Types
3811 =item Category LC_NUMERIC: Numeric Formatting
3813 =item Category LC_MONETARY: Formatting of monetary amounts
3817 =item Other categories
3825 PERL_BADLANG, LC_ALL, LANGUAGE, LC_CTYPE, LC_COLLATE, LC_MONETARY,
3826 LC_NUMERIC, LC_TIME, LANG
3838 =item Backward compatibility
3840 =item I18N:Collate obsolete
3842 =item Sort speed and memory use impacts
3844 =item write() and LC_NUMERIC
3846 =item Freely available locale definitions
3850 =item An imperfect standard
3854 =item Unicode and UTF-8
3860 =item Broken systems
3870 =head2 perluniintro - Perl Unicode introduction
3880 =item Perl's Unicode Support
3882 =item Perl's Unicode Model
3884 =item Unicode and EBCDIC
3886 =item Creating Unicode
3888 =item Handling Unicode
3890 =item Legacy Encodings
3894 =item Displaying Unicode As Text
3898 =item Advanced Topics
3902 =item Questions With Answers
3904 =item Hexadecimal Notation
3906 =item Further Resources
3910 =item UNICODE IN OLDER PERLS
3914 =item ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
3916 =item AUTHOR, COPYRIGHT, AND LICENSE
3920 =head2 perlunicode - Unicode support in Perl
3928 =item Important Caveats
3930 Input and Output Layers, Regular Expressions, C<use utf8> still needed to
3931 enable UTF-8/UTF-EBCDIC in scripts, BOM-marked scripts and UTF-16 scripts
3932 autodetected, C<use encoding> needed to upgrade non-Latin-1 byte strings
3934 =item Byte and Character Semantics
3936 =item Effects of Character Semantics
3938 =item Unicode Character Properties
3940 General Category, Bidirectional Character Types, Scripts, Extended property
3941 classes, Use of "Is" Prefix, Blocks
3943 =item User-Defined Character Properties
3945 =item User-Defined Case Mappings
3947 =item Character Encodings for Input and Output
3949 =item Unicode Regular Expression Support Level
3951 =item Unicode Encodings
3953 =item Security Implications of Unicode
3955 =item Unicode in Perl on EBCDIC
3959 =item When Unicode Does Not Happen
3961 =item Forcing Unicode in Perl (Or Unforcing Unicode in Perl)
3963 =item Using Unicode in XS
3971 =item Interaction with Locales
3973 =item Interaction with Extensions
3977 =item Porting code from perl-5.6.X
3985 =head2 perlunifaq - Perl Unicode FAQ
3993 =item perlunitut isn't really a Unicode tutorial, is it?
3995 =item What character encodings does Perl support?
3997 =item Which version of perl should I use?
3999 =item What about binary data, like images?
4001 =item When should I decode or encode?
4003 =item What if I don't decode?
4005 =item What if I don't encode?
4007 =item Is there a way to automatically decode or encode?
4009 =item What if I don't know which encoding was used?
4011 =item Can I use Unicode in my Perl sources?
4013 =item Data::Dumper doesn't restore the UTF8 flag; is it broken?
4015 =item Why do regex character classes sometimes match only in the ASCII
4018 =item Why do some characters not uppercase or lowercase correctly?
4020 =item How can I determine if a string is a text string or a binary string?
4022 =item How do I convert from encoding FOO to encoding BAR?
4024 =item What are C<decode_utf8> and C<encode_utf8>?
4026 =item What is a "wide character"?
4034 =item What is "the UTF8 flag"?
4036 =item What about the C<use bytes> pragma?
4038 =item What about the C<use encoding> pragma?
4040 =item What is the difference between C<:encoding> and C<:utf8>?
4042 =item What's the difference between C<UTF-8> and C<utf8>?
4044 =item I lost track; what encoding is the internal format really?
4054 =head2 perlunitut - Perl Unicode Tutorial
4064 =item Your new toolkit
4066 =item I/O flow (the actual 5 minute tutorial)
4072 =item Q and A (or FAQ)
4074 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
4082 =head2 perlebcdic - Considerations for running Perl on EBCDIC platforms
4088 =item COMMON CHARACTER CODE SETS
4096 =item Latin 1 (ISO 8859-1)
4100 =item 13 variant characters
4108 =item Unicode code points versus EBCDIC code points
4110 =item Remaining Perl Unicode problems in EBCDIC
4112 =item Unicode and UTF
4118 =item SINGLE OCTET TABLES
4120 recipe 0, recipe 1, recipe 2, recipe 3, recipe 4, recipe 5, recipe 6
4122 =item IDENTIFYING CHARACTER CODE SETS
4136 =item OPERATOR DIFFERENCES
4138 =item FUNCTION DIFFERENCES
4140 chr(), ord(), pack(), print(), printf(), sort(), sprintf(), unpack()
4142 =item REGULAR EXPRESSION DIFFERENCES
4150 =item Ignore ASCII vs. EBCDIC sort differences.
4152 =item MONO CASE then sort data.
4154 =item Convert, sort data, then re convert.
4156 =item Perform sorting on one type of machine only.
4160 =item TRANSFORMATION FORMATS
4164 =item URL decoding and encoding
4166 =item uu encoding and decoding
4168 =item Quoted-Printable encoding and decoding
4170 =item Caesarian ciphers
4174 =item Hashing order and checksums
4178 =item MULTI OCTET CHARACTER SETS
4190 chcp, dataset access, OS/390, z/OS iconv, locales
4210 =head2 perlsec - Perl security
4218 =item Laundering and Detecting Tainted Data
4220 =item Switches On the "#!" Line
4222 =item Taint mode and @INC
4224 =item Cleaning Up Your Path
4228 =item Protecting Your Programs
4232 =item Algorithmic Complexity Attacks
4240 =head2 perlmod - Perl modules (packages and symbol tables)
4249 X<package> X<namespace> X<variable, global> X<global variable> X<global>
4252 X<symbol table> X<stash> X<%::> X<%main::> X<typeglob> X<glob> X<alias>
4254 =item BEGIN, UNITCHECK, CHECK, INIT and END
4255 X<BEGIN> X<UNITCHECK> X<CHECK> X<INIT> X<END>
4263 =item Making your module threadsafe
4264 X<threadsafe> X<thread safe>
4265 X<module, threadsafe> X<module, thread safe>
4266 X<CLONE> X<CLONE_SKIP> X<thread> X<threads> X<ithread>
4274 =head2 perlmodlib - constructing new Perl modules and finding existing ones
4278 =item THE PERL MODULE LIBRARY
4282 =item Pragmatic Modules
4284 attributes, attrs, autouse, base, bigint, bignum, bigrat, blib, bytes,
4285 charnames, constant, diagnostics, encoding, encoding::warnings, feature,
4286 fields, filetest, if, integer, less, lib, locale, mro, open, ops, overload,
4287 re, sigtrap, sort, strict, subs, threads, threads::shared, utf8, vars,
4288 version, vmsish, warnings, warnings::register
4290 =item Standard Modules
4292 AnyDBM_File, Archive::Extract, Archive::Tar, Archive::Tar::File,
4293 Attribute::Handlers, AutoLoader, AutoSplit, B, B::Concise, B::Debug,
4294 B::Deparse, B::Lint, B::Showlex, B::Terse, B::Xref, Benchmark, CGI,
4295 CGI::Apache, CGI::Carp, CGI::Cookie, CGI::Fast, CGI::Pretty, CGI::Push,
4296 CGI::Switch, CGI::Util, CORE, CPAN, CPAN::API::HOWTO, CPAN::FirstTime,
4297 CPAN::Kwalify, CPAN::Nox, CPAN::Version, CPANPLUS, CPANPLUS::Dist::Base,
4298 CPANPLUS::Dist::Sample, CPANPLUS::Shell::Classic,
4299 CPANPLUS::Shell::Default::Plugins::HOWTO, Carp, Carp::Heavy, Class::ISA,
4300 Class::Struct, Compress::Raw::Zlib, Compress::Zlib, Config, Cwd, DB,
4301 DBM_Filter, DBM_Filter::compress, DBM_Filter::encode, DBM_Filter::int32,
4302 DBM_Filter::null, DBM_Filter::utf8, DB_File, Data::Dumper, Devel::DProf,
4303 Devel::InnerPackage, Devel::Peek, Devel::SelfStubber, Digest, Digest::MD5,
4304 Digest::SHA, Digest::base, Digest::file, DirHandle, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader,
4305 Encode, Encode::Alias, Encode::Byte, Encode::CJKConstants, Encode::CN,
4306 Encode::CN::HZ, Encode::Config, Encode::EBCDIC, Encode::Encoder,
4307 Encode::Encoding, Encode::GSM0338, Encode::Guess, Encode::JP,
4308 Encode::JP::H2Z, Encode::JP::JIS7, Encode::KR, Encode::KR::2022_KR,
4309 Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::MIME::Name, Encode::PerlIO,
4310 Encode::Supported, Encode::Symbol, Encode::TW, Encode::Unicode,
4311 Encode::Unicode::UTF7, English, Env, Errno, Exporter, Exporter::Heavy,
4312 ExtUtils::CBuilder, ExtUtils::CBuilder::Platform::Windows,
4313 ExtUtils::Command, ExtUtils::Command::MM, ExtUtils::Constant,
4314 ExtUtils::Constant::Base, ExtUtils::Constant::Utils,
4315 ExtUtils::Constant::XS, ExtUtils::Embed, ExtUtils::Install,
4316 ExtUtils::Installed, ExtUtils::Liblist, ExtUtils::MM, ExtUtils::MM_AIX,
4317 ExtUtils::MM_Any, ExtUtils::MM_BeOS, ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin, ExtUtils::MM_DOS,
4318 ExtUtils::MM_MacOS, ExtUtils::MM_NW5, ExtUtils::MM_OS2, ExtUtils::MM_QNX,
4319 ExtUtils::MM_UWIN, ExtUtils::MM_Unix, ExtUtils::MM_VMS, ExtUtils::MM_VOS,
4320 ExtUtils::MM_Win32, ExtUtils::MM_Win95, ExtUtils::MY, ExtUtils::MakeMaker,
4321 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Config, ExtUtils::MakeMaker::FAQ,
4322 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Tutorial, ExtUtils::MakeMaker::bytes,
4323 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::vmsish, ExtUtils::Manifest, ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap,
4324 ExtUtils::Mksymlists, ExtUtils::Packlist, ExtUtils::ParseXS,
4325 ExtUtils::testlib, Fatal, Fcntl, File::Basename, File::CheckTree,
4326 File::Compare, File::Copy, File::DosGlob, File::Fetch, File::Find,
4327 File::Glob, File::GlobMapper, File::Path, File::Spec, File::Spec::Cygwin,
4328 File::Spec::Epoc, File::Spec::Functions, File::Spec::Mac, File::Spec::OS2,
4329 File::Spec::Unix, File::Spec::VMS, File::Spec::Win32, File::Temp,
4330 File::stat, FileCache, FileHandle, Filter::Simple, Filter::Util::Call,
4331 FindBin, GDBM_File, Getopt::Long, Getopt::Std, Hash::Util,
4332 Hash::Util::FieldHash, I18N::Collate, I18N::LangTags,
4333 I18N::LangTags::Detect, I18N::LangTags::List, I18N::Langinfo, IO,
4334 IO::Compress::Base, IO::Compress::Deflate, IO::Compress::Gzip,
4335 IO::Compress::RawDeflate, IO::Compress::Zip, IO::Dir, IO::File, IO::Handle,
4336 IO::Pipe, IO::Poll, IO::Seekable, IO::Select, IO::Socket, IO::Socket::INET,
4337 IO::Socket::UNIX, IO::Uncompress::AnyInflate,
4338 IO::Uncompress::AnyUncompress, IO::Uncompress::Base,
4339 IO::Uncompress::Gunzip, IO::Uncompress::Inflate,
4340 IO::Uncompress::RawInflate, IO::Uncompress::Unzip, IO::Zlib, IPC::Cmd,
4341 IPC::Open2, IPC::Open3, IPC::SysV, IPC::SysV::Msg, IPC::SysV::Semaphore,
4342 List::Util, Locale::Constants, Locale::Country, Locale::Currency,
4343 Locale::Language, Locale::Maketext, Locale::Maketext::Simple,
4344 Locale::Maketext::TPJ13, Locale::Script, Log::Message,
4345 Log::Message::Config, Log::Message::Handlers, Log::Message::Item,
4346 MIME::Base64, MIME::QuotedPrint, Math::BigFloat, Math::BigInt,
4347 Math::BigInt::Calc, Math::BigInt::CalcEmu, Math::BigInt::FastCalc,
4348 Math::BigRat, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Memoize, Memoize::AnyDBM_File,
4349 Memoize::Expire, Memoize::ExpireFile, Memoize::ExpireTest,
4350 Memoize::NDBM_File, Memoize::SDBM_File, Memoize::Storable, Module::Build,
4351 Module::Build::API, Module::Build::Authoring, Module::Build::Base,
4352 Module::Build::Compat, Module::Build::ConfigData, Module::Build::Cookbook,
4353 Module::Build::ModuleInfo, Module::Build::Notes, Module::Build::PPMMaker,
4354 Module::Build::Platform::Amiga, Module::Build::Platform::Default,
4355 Module::Build::Platform::EBCDIC, Module::Build::Platform::MPEiX,
4356 Module::Build::Platform::MacOS, Module::Build::Platform::RiscOS,
4357 Module::Build::Platform::Unix, Module::Build::Platform::VMS,
4358 Module::Build::Platform::VOS, Module::Build::Platform::Windows,
4359 Module::Build::Platform::aix, Module::Build::Platform::cygwin,
4360 Module::Build::Platform::darwin, Module::Build::Platform::os2,
4361 Module::Build::YAML, Module::CoreList, Module::Load,
4362 Module::Load::Conditional, Module::Loaded, Module::Pluggable,
4363 Module::Pluggable::Object, NDBM_File, NEXT, Net::Cmd, Net::Config,
4364 Net::Domain, Net::FTP, Net::NNTP, Net::Netrc, Net::POP3, Net::Ping,
4365 Net::SMTP, Net::Time, Net::hostent, Net::libnetFAQ, Net::netent,
4366 Net::protoent, Net::servent, O, ODBM_File, Opcode, POSIX,
4367 Package::Constants, Params::Check, PerlIO, PerlIO::encoding,
4368 PerlIO::scalar, PerlIO::via, PerlIO::via::QuotedPrint, Pod::Checker,
4369 Pod::Escapes, Pod::Find, Pod::Functions, Pod::Html, Pod::InputObjects,
4370 Pod::LaTeX, Pod::Man, Pod::ParseLink, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Parser,
4371 Pod::Perldoc::ToChecker, Pod::Perldoc::ToMan, Pod::Perldoc::ToNroff,
4372 Pod::Perldoc::ToPod, Pod::Perldoc::ToRtf, Pod::Perldoc::ToText,
4373 Pod::Perldoc::ToTk, Pod::Perldoc::ToXml, Pod::PlainText, Pod::Plainer,
4374 Pod::Select, Pod::Simple, Pod::Simple::Checker, Pod::Simple::Debug,
4375 Pod::Simple::DumpAsText, Pod::Simple::DumpAsXML, Pod::Simple::HTML,
4376 Pod::Simple::HTMLBatch, Pod::Simple::LinkSection, Pod::Simple::Methody,
4377 Pod::Simple::PullParser, Pod::Simple::PullParserEndToken,
4378 Pod::Simple::PullParserStartToken, Pod::Simple::PullParserTextToken,
4379 Pod::Simple::PullParserToken, Pod::Simple::RTF, Pod::Simple::Search,
4380 Pod::Simple::SimpleTree, Pod::Simple::Subclassing, Pod::Simple::Text,
4381 Pod::Simple::TextContent, Pod::Simple::XMLOutStream, Pod::Text,
4382 Pod::Text::Color, Pod::Text::Overstrike, Pod::Text::Termcap, Pod::Usage,
4383 SDBM_File, Safe, Scalar::Util, Search::Dict, SelectSaver, SelfLoader,
4384 Shell, Socket, Storable, Switch, Symbol, Sys::Hostname, Sys::Syslog,
4385 Sys::Syslog::win32::Win32, Term::ANSIColor, Term::Cap, Term::Complete,
4386 Term::ReadLine, Term::UI, Test, Test::Builder, Test::Builder::Module,
4387 Test::Builder::Tester, Test::Builder::Tester::Color, Test::Harness,
4388 Test::Harness::Assert, Test::Harness::Iterator, Test::Harness::Point,
4389 Test::Harness::Results, Test::Harness::Straps, Test::Harness::TAP,
4390 Test::Harness::Util, Test::More, Test::Simple, Test::Tutorial,
4391 Text::Abbrev, Text::Balanced, Text::ParseWords, Text::Soundex, Text::Tabs,
4392 Text::Wrap, Thread, Thread::Queue, Thread::Semaphore, Tie::Array,
4393 Tie::File, Tie::Handle, Tie::Hash, Tie::Hash::NamedCapture, Tie::Memoize,
4394 Tie::RefHash, Tie::Scalar, Tie::SubstrHash, Time::HiRes, Time::Local,
4395 Time::Piece, Time::Piece::Seconds, Time::gmtime, Time::localtime, Time::tm,
4396 UNIVERSAL, Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Normalize, Unicode::UCD, User::grent,
4397 User::pwent, Win32, Win32API::File, Win32CORE, XS::APItest, XS::Typemap,
4400 =item Extension Modules
4414 China, Indonesia, Israel, Japan, Malaysia, Russian Federation, Saudi
4415 Arabia, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand
4417 =item Central America
4423 Austria, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech
4424 Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary,
4425 Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
4426 Portugal, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
4427 Turkey, Ukraine, United Kingdom
4431 Canada, Alberta, Manitoba, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Mexico, United States,
4432 Alabama, California, Colorado, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida,
4433 Indiana, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Michigan, Nevada, New Jersey, New York,
4434 North Carolina, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Texas, Utah,
4435 Virginia, Washington, Wisconsin
4439 Australia, New Zealand, United States
4443 Argentina, Brazil, Chile
4449 =item Modules: Creation, Use, and Abuse
4453 =item Guidelines for Module Creation
4455 =item Guidelines for Converting Perl 4 Library Scripts into Modules
4457 =item Guidelines for Reusing Application Code
4465 =head2 perlmodstyle - Perl module style guide
4471 =item QUICK CHECKLIST
4475 =item Before you start
4483 =item Release considerations
4487 =item BEFORE YOU START WRITING A MODULE
4491 =item Has it been done before?
4493 =item Do one thing and do it well
4495 =item What's in a name?
4499 =item DESIGNING AND WRITING YOUR MODULE
4503 =item To OO or not to OO?
4505 =item Designing your API
4507 Write simple routines to do simple things, Separate functionality from
4508 output, Provide sensible shortcuts and defaults, Naming conventions,
4511 =item Strictness and warnings
4513 =item Backwards compatibility
4515 =item Error handling and messages
4519 =item DOCUMENTING YOUR MODULE
4525 =item README, INSTALL, release notes, changelogs
4527 perl Makefile.PL, make, make test, make install, perl Build.PL, perl Build,
4528 perl Build test, perl Build install
4532 =item RELEASE CONSIDERATIONS
4536 =item Version numbering
4538 =item Pre-requisites
4548 =item COMMON PITFALLS
4552 =item Reinventing the wheel
4554 =item Trying to do too much
4556 =item Inappropriate documentation
4562 L<perlstyle>, L<perlnewmod>, L<perlpod>, L<podchecker>, Packaging Tools,
4563 Testing tools, http://pause.perl.org/, Any good book on software
4570 =head2 perlmodinstall - Installing CPAN Modules
4580 B<DECOMPRESS> the file, B<UNPACK> the file into a directory, B<BUILD> the
4581 module (sometimes unnecessary), B<INSTALL> the module
4595 =head2 perlnewmod - preparing a new module for distribution
4605 =item What should I make into a module?
4607 =item Step-by-step: Preparing the ground
4609 Look around, Check it's new, Discuss the need, Choose a name, Check again
4611 =item Step-by-step: Making the module
4613 Start with F<module-starter> or F<h2xs>, Use L<strict|strict> and
4614 L<warnings|warnings>, Use L<Carp|Carp>, Use L<Exporter|Exporter> - wisely!,
4615 Use L<plain old documentation|perlpod>, Write tests, Write the README
4617 =item Step-by-step: Distributing your module
4619 Get a CPAN user ID, C<perl Makefile.PL; make test; make dist>, Upload the
4620 tarball, Announce to the modules list, Announce to clpa, Fix bugs!
4630 =head2 perlpragma - how to write a user pragma
4636 =item A basic example
4638 =item Implementation details
4642 =head2 perlutil - utilities packaged with the Perl distribution
4648 =item LIST OF UTILITIES
4654 L<perldoc|perldoc>, L<pod2man|pod2man> and L<pod2text|pod2text>,
4655 L<pod2html|pod2html> and L<pod2latex|pod2latex>, L<pod2usage|pod2usage>,
4656 L<podselect|podselect>, L<podchecker|podchecker>, L<splain|splain>,
4657 L<roffitall|roffitall>
4661 L<a2p|a2p>, L<s2p|s2p> and L<psed>, L<find2perl|find2perl>
4663 =item Administration
4665 L<config_data|config_data>, L<libnetcfg|libnetcfg>, L<perlivp>
4669 L<perlbug|perlbug>, L<h2ph|h2ph>, L<c2ph|c2ph> and L<pstruct|pstruct>,
4670 L<h2xs|h2xs>, L<enc2xs>, L<xsubpp>, L<dprofpp|dprofpp>, L<prove>,
4675 L<piconv>, L<ptar>, L<ptardiff>, L<shasum>
4679 L<cpan>, L<cpanp>, L<cpan2dist>, L<instmodsh>
4687 =head2 perlcompile - Introduction to the Perl Compiler-Translator
4697 B::Lint, B::Deparse, B::Xref
4701 =item Using The Back Ends
4705 =item The Cross Referencing Back End
4709 =item The Decompiling Back End
4711 =item The Lint Back End
4715 =item Module List for the Compiler Suite
4717 B, O, B::Concise, B::Debug, B::Deparse, B::Lint, B::Showlex, B::Terse,
4720 =item KNOWN PROBLEMS
4726 =head2 perlfilter - Source Filters
4736 =item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER
4738 =item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN C
4740 B<Decryption Filters>
4742 =item CREATING A SOURCE FILTER AS A SEPARATE EXECUTABLE
4744 =item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN PERL
4746 =item USING CONTEXT: THE DEBUG FILTER
4750 =item THINGS TO LOOK OUT FOR
4752 Some Filters Clobber the C<DATA> Handle
4762 =head2 perlglossary - Perl Glossary
4772 accessor methods, actual arguments, address operator, algorithm, alias,
4773 alternatives, anonymous, architecture, argument, ARGV, arithmetical
4774 operator, array, array context, ASCII, assertion, assignment, assignment
4775 operator, associative array, associativity, asynchronous, atom, atomic
4776 operation, attribute, autogeneration, autoincrement, autoload, autosplit,
4777 autovivification, AV, awk
4781 backreference, backtracking, backward compatibility, bareword, base class,
4782 big-endian, binary, binary operator, bind, bit, bit shift, bit string,
4783 bless, block, BLOCK, block buffering, Boolean, Boolean context, breakpoint,
4784 broadcast, BSD, bucket, buffer, built-in, bundle, byte, bytecode
4788 C, C preprocessor, call by reference, call by value, callback, canonical,
4789 capturing, character, character class, character property, circumfix
4790 operator, class, class method, client, cloister, closure, cluster, CODE,
4791 code generator, code subpattern, collating sequence, command, command
4792 buffering, command name, command-line arguments, comment, compilation unit,
4793 compile phase, compile time, compiler, composer, concatenation,
4794 conditional, connection, construct, constructor, context, continuation,
4795 core dump, CPAN, cracker, current package, current working directory,
4796 currently selected output channel, CV
4800 dangling statement, data structure, data type, datagram, DBM, declaration,
4801 decrement, default, defined, delimiter, deprecated modules and features,
4802 dereference, derived class, descriptor, destroy, destructor, device,
4803 directive, directory, directory handle, dispatch, distribution, (to be)
4804 dropped modules, dweomer, dwimmer, dynamic scoping
4808 eclectic, element, embedding, empty subclass test, en passant,
4809 encapsulation, endian, environment, environment variable, EOF, errno,
4810 error, escape sequence, exception, exception handling, exec, executable
4811 file, execute, execute bit, exit status, export, expression, extension
4815 false, FAQ, fatal error, field, FIFO, file, file descriptor, file test
4816 operator, fileglob, filehandle, filename, filesystem, filter, flag,
4817 floating point, flush, FMTEYEWTK, fork, formal arguments, format, freely
4818 available, freely redistributable, freeware, function, funny character,
4823 GID, glob, global, global destruction, glue language, granularity, greedy,
4828 hacker, handler, hard reference, hash, hash table, header file, here
4829 document, hexadecimal, home directory, host, hubris, HV
4833 identifier, impatience, implementation, import, increment, indexing,
4834 indirect filehandle, indirect object, indirect object slot, indirection,
4835 infix, inheritance, instance, instance variable, integer, interface,
4836 interpolation, interpreter, invocant, invocation, I/O, IO, IP, IPC, is-a,
4837 iteration, iterator, IV
4849 label, laziness, left shift, leftmost longest, lexeme, lexer, lexical
4850 analysis, lexical scoping, lexical variable, library, LIFO, line, line
4851 buffering, line number, link, LIST, list, list context, list operator, list
4852 value, literal, little-endian, local, logical operator, lookahead,
4853 lookbehind, loop, loop control statement, loop label, lvaluable, lvalue,
4858 magic, magical increment, magical variables, Makefile, man, manpage,
4859 matching, member data, memory, metacharacter, metasymbol, method,
4860 minimalism, mode, modifier, module, modulus, monger, mortal,
4861 multidimensional array, multiple inheritance
4865 named pipe, namespace, network address, newline, NFS, null character, null
4866 list, null string, numeric context, NV, nybble
4870 object, octal, offset, one-liner, open source software, operand, operating
4871 system, operator, operator overloading, options, overloading, overriding,
4876 package, pad, parameter, parent class, parse tree, parsing, patch, PATH,
4877 pathname, pattern, pattern matching, permission bits, Pern, pipe, pipeline,
4878 platform, pod, pointer, polymorphism, port, portable, porter, POSIX,
4879 postfix, pp, pragma, precedence, prefix, preprocessing, procedure, process,
4880 program generator, progressive matching, property, protocol, prototype,
4881 pseudofunction, pseudohash, pseudoliteral, public domain, pumpkin,
4886 qualified, quantifier
4890 readable, reaping, record, recursion, reference, referent, regex, regular
4891 expression, regular expression modifier, regular file, relational operator,
4892 reserved words, return value, RFC, right shift, root, RTFM, run phase, run
4893 time, run-time pattern, RV, rvalue
4897 scalar, scalar context, scalar literal, scalar value, scalar variable,
4898 scope, scratchpad, script, script kiddie, sed, semaphore, separator,
4899 serialization, server, service, setgid, setuid, shared memory, shebang,
4900 shell, side effects, signal, signal handler, single inheritance, slice,
4901 slurp, socket, soft reference, source filter, stack, standard, standard
4902 error, standard I/O, standard input, standard output, stat structure,
4903 statement, statement modifier, static, static method, static scoping,
4904 static variable, status, STDERR, STDIN, STDIO, STDOUT, stream, string,
4905 string context, stringification, struct, structure, subclass, subpattern,
4906 subroutine, subscript, substitution, substring, superclass, superuser, SV,
4907 switch, switch cluster, switch statement, symbol, symbol table, symbolic
4908 debugger, symbolic link, symbolic reference, synchronous, syntactic sugar,
4909 syntax, syntax tree, syscall
4913 tainted, TCP, term, terminator, ternary, text, thread, tie, TMTOWTDI,
4914 token, tokener, tokenizing, toolbox approach, transliterate, trigger,
4915 trinary, troff, true, truncating, type, type casting, typed lexical,
4916 typedef, typeglob, typemap
4920 UDP, UID, umask, unary operator, Unicode, Unix
4924 value, variable, variable interpolation, variadic, vector, virtual, void
4929 warning, watch expression, whitespace, word, working directory, wrapper,
4946 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
4950 =head2 perlembed - how to embed perl in your C program
4960 B<Use C from Perl?>, B<Use a Unix program from Perl?>, B<Use Perl from
4961 Perl?>, B<Use C from C?>, B<Use Perl from C?>
4965 =item Compiling your C program
4967 =item Adding a Perl interpreter to your C program
4969 =item Calling a Perl subroutine from your C program
4971 =item Evaluating a Perl statement from your C program
4973 =item Performing Perl pattern matches and substitutions from your C program
4975 =item Fiddling with the Perl stack from your C program
4977 =item Maintaining a persistent interpreter
4979 =item Execution of END blocks
4981 =item $0 assignments
4983 =item Maintaining multiple interpreter instances
4985 =item Using Perl modules, which themselves use C libraries, from your C
4990 =item Embedding Perl under Win32
5002 =head2 perldebguts - Guts of Perl debugging
5008 =item Debugger Internals
5012 =item Writing Your Own Debugger
5016 =item Frame Listing Output Examples
5018 =item Debugging regular expressions
5022 =item Compile-time output
5024 C<anchored> I<STRING> C<at> I<POS>, C<floating> I<STRING> C<at>
5025 I<POS1..POS2>, C<matching floating/anchored>, C<minlen>, C<stclass>
5026 I<TYPE>, C<noscan>, C<isall>, C<GPOS>, C<plus>, C<implicit>, C<with eval>,
5029 =item Types of nodes
5031 =item Run-time output
5035 =item Debugging Perl memory usage
5039 =item Using C<$ENV{PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS}>
5041 C<buckets SMALLEST(APPROX)..GREATEST(APPROX)>, Free/Used, C<Total sbrk():
5042 SBRKed/SBRKs:CONTINUOUS>, C<pad: 0>, C<heads: 2192>, C<chain: 0>, C<tail:
5051 =head2 perlxstut, perlXStut - Tutorial for writing XSUBs
5063 =item Version caveat
5065 =item Dynamic Loading versus Static Loading
5077 =item What has gone on?
5079 =item Writing good test scripts
5083 =item What's new here?
5085 =item Input and Output Parameters
5087 =item The XSUBPP Program
5089 =item The TYPEMAP file
5091 =item Warning about Output Arguments
5095 =item What has happened here?
5097 =item Anatomy of .xs file
5099 =item Getting the fat out of XSUBs
5101 =item More about XSUB arguments
5103 =item The Argument Stack
5105 =item Extending your Extension
5107 =item Documenting your Extension
5109 =item Installing your Extension
5113 =item New Things in this Example
5117 =item New Things in this Example
5119 =item EXAMPLE 7 (Coming Soon)
5121 =item EXAMPLE 8 (Coming Soon)
5123 =item EXAMPLE 9 Passing open files to XSes
5125 =item Troubleshooting these Examples
5141 =head2 perlxs - XS language reference manual
5153 =item The Anatomy of an XSUB
5155 =item The Argument Stack
5157 =item The RETVAL Variable
5159 =item Returning SVs, AVs and HVs through RETVAL
5161 =item The MODULE Keyword
5163 =item The PACKAGE Keyword
5165 =item The PREFIX Keyword
5167 =item The OUTPUT: Keyword
5169 =item The NO_OUTPUT Keyword
5171 =item The CODE: Keyword
5173 =item The INIT: Keyword
5175 =item The NO_INIT Keyword
5177 =item Initializing Function Parameters
5179 =item Default Parameter Values
5181 =item The PREINIT: Keyword
5183 =item The SCOPE: Keyword
5185 =item The INPUT: Keyword
5187 =item The IN/OUTLIST/IN_OUTLIST/OUT/IN_OUT Keywords
5189 =item The C<length(NAME)> Keyword
5191 =item Variable-length Parameter Lists
5193 =item The C_ARGS: Keyword
5195 =item The PPCODE: Keyword
5197 =item Returning Undef And Empty Lists
5199 =item The REQUIRE: Keyword
5201 =item The CLEANUP: Keyword
5203 =item The POSTCALL: Keyword
5205 =item The BOOT: Keyword
5207 =item The VERSIONCHECK: Keyword
5209 =item The PROTOTYPES: Keyword
5211 =item The PROTOTYPE: Keyword
5213 =item The ALIAS: Keyword
5215 =item The OVERLOAD: Keyword
5217 =item The FALLBACK: Keyword
5219 =item The INTERFACE: Keyword
5221 =item The INTERFACE_MACRO: Keyword
5223 =item The INCLUDE: Keyword
5225 =item The CASE: Keyword
5227 =item The & Unary Operator
5229 =item Inserting POD, Comments and C Preprocessor Directives
5231 =item Using XS With C++
5233 =item Interface Strategy
5235 =item Perl Objects And C Structures
5239 =item Safely Storing Static Data in XS
5241 MY_CXT_KEY, typedef my_cxt_t, START_MY_CXT, MY_CXT_INIT, dMY_CXT, MY_CXT,
5242 aMY_CXT/pMY_CXT, MY_CXT_CLONE, MY_CXT_INIT_INTERP(my_perl),
5243 dMY_CXT_INTERP(my_perl)
5245 =item Thread-aware system interfaces
5257 =head2 perlclib - Internal replacements for standard C library functions
5267 C<t>, C<p>, C<n>, C<s>
5269 =item File Operations
5271 =item File Input and Output
5273 =item File Positioning
5275 =item Memory Management and String Handling
5277 =item Character Class Tests
5279 =item F<stdlib.h> functions
5281 =item Miscellaneous functions
5289 =head2 perlguts - Introduction to the Perl API
5301 =item What is an "IV"?
5303 =item Working with SVs
5307 =item What's Really Stored in an SV?
5309 =item Working with AVs
5311 =item Working with HVs
5313 =item Hash API Extensions
5315 =item AVs, HVs and undefined values
5319 =item Blessed References and Class Objects
5321 =item Creating New Variables
5323 GV_ADDMULTI, GV_ADDWARN
5325 =item Reference Counts and Mortality
5327 =item Stashes and Globs
5329 =item Double-Typed SVs
5331 =item Magic Variables
5333 =item Assigning Magic
5335 =item Magic Virtual Tables
5339 =item Understanding the Magic of Tied Hashes and Arrays
5341 =item Localizing changes
5343 C<SAVEINT(int i)>, C<SAVEIV(IV i)>, C<SAVEI32(I32 i)>, C<SAVELONG(long i)>,
5344 C<SAVESPTR(s)>, C<SAVEPPTR(p)>, C<SAVEFREESV(SV *sv)>, C<SAVEMORTALIZESV(SV
5345 *sv)>, C<SAVEFREEOP(OP *op)>, C<SAVEFREEPV(p)>, C<SAVECLEARSV(SV *sv)>,
5346 C<SAVEDELETE(HV *hv, char *key, I32 length)>,
5347 C<SAVEDESTRUCTOR(DESTRUCTORFUNC_NOCONTEXT_t f, void *p)>,
5348 C<SAVEDESTRUCTOR_X(DESTRUCTORFUNC_t f, void *p)>, C<SAVESTACK_POS()>, C<SV*
5349 save_scalar(GV *gv)>, C<AV* save_ary(GV *gv)>, C<HV* save_hash(GV *gv)>,
5350 C<void save_item(SV *item)>, C<void save_list(SV **sarg, I32 maxsarg)>,
5351 C<SV* save_svref(SV **sptr)>, C<void save_aptr(AV **aptr)>, C<void
5352 save_hptr(HV **hptr)>
5360 =item XSUBs and the Argument Stack
5362 =item Calling Perl Routines from within C Programs
5364 =item Memory Allocation
5368 =item Putting a C value on Perl stack
5372 =item Scratchpads and recursion
5382 =item Examining the tree
5384 =item Compile pass 1: check routines
5386 =item Compile pass 1a: constant folding
5388 =item Compile pass 2: context propagation
5390 =item Compile pass 3: peephole optimization
5392 =item Pluggable runops
5396 =item Examining internal data structures with the C<dump> functions
5398 =item How multiple interpreters and concurrency are supported
5402 =item Background and PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
5404 =item So what happened to dTHR?
5406 =item How do I use all this in extensions?
5408 =item Should I do anything special if I call perl from multiple threads?
5410 =item Future Plans and PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
5414 =item Internal Functions
5416 A, p, d, s, n, r, f, M, o, x, m, X, E, b, others
5420 =item Formatted Printing of IVs, UVs, and NVs
5422 =item Pointer-To-Integer and Integer-To-Pointer
5424 =item Exception Handling
5426 =item Source Documentation
5428 =item Backwards compatibility
5432 =item Unicode Support
5436 =item What B<is> Unicode, anyway?
5438 =item How can I recognise a UTF-8 string?
5440 =item How does UTF-8 represent Unicode characters?
5442 =item How does Perl store UTF-8 strings?
5444 =item How do I convert a string to UTF-8?
5446 =item Is there anything else I need to know?
5450 =item Custom Operators
5458 =head2 perlcall - Perl calling conventions from C
5464 An Error Handler, An Event Driven Program
5466 =item THE CALL_ FUNCTIONS
5468 call_sv, call_pv, call_method, call_argv
5488 =item Determining the Context
5496 =item No Parameters, Nothing returned
5498 =item Passing Parameters
5500 =item Returning a Scalar
5502 =item Returning a list of values
5504 =item Returning a list in a scalar context
5506 =item Returning Data from Perl via the parameter list
5510 =item Using G_KEEPERR
5514 =item Using call_argv
5516 =item Using call_method
5520 =item Using Perl to dispose of temporaries
5522 =item Strategies for storing Callback Context Information
5524 1. Ignore the problem - Allow only 1 callback, 2. Create a sequence of
5525 callbacks - hard wired limit, 3. Use a parameter to map to the Perl
5528 =item Alternate Stack Manipulation
5530 =item Creating and calling an anonymous subroutine in C
5534 =item LIGHTWEIGHT CALLBACKS
5544 =head2 perlreapi - perl regular expression plugin interface
5556 C</m> - RXf_PMf_MULTILINE, C</s> - RXf_PMf_SINGLELINE, C</i> -
5557 RXf_PMf_FOLD, C</x> - RXf_PMf_EXTENDED, C</p> - RXf_PMf_KEEPCOPY,
5558 RXf_PMf_LOCALE, RXf_UTF8, RXf_SPLIT, RXf_SKIPWHITE, RXf_START_ONLY,
5569 =item Numbered capture callbacks
5571 =item Named capture callbacks
5579 =item The REGEXP structure
5589 =item C<minlen> C<minlenret>
5595 =item C<nparens>, C<lasparen>, and C<lastcloseparen>
5605 =item C<precomp> C<prelen>
5607 =item C<paren_names>
5611 =item C<subbeg> C<sublen> C<saved_copy>
5613 =item C<wrapped> C<wraplen>
5629 =head2 perlreguts - Description of the Perl regular expression engine.
5639 =item A quick note on terms
5641 =item What is a regular expression engine?
5643 =item Structure of a Regexp Program
5645 C<regnode_1>, C<regnode_2>, C<regnode_string>, C<regnode_charclass>,
5646 C<regnode_charclass_class>
5650 =item Process Overview
5652 A. Compilation, 1. Parsing for size, 2. Parsing for construction, 3.
5653 Peep-hole optimisation and analysis, B. Execution, 4. Start position and
5654 no-match optimisations, 5. Program execution
5660 anchored fixed strings, floating fixed strings, minimum and maximum length
5661 requirements, start class, Beginning/End of line positions
5671 =item Unicode and Localisation Support
5673 =item Base Structures
5675 C<swap>, C<offsets>, C<regstclass>, C<data>, C<program>
5689 =head2 perlapi - autogenerated documentation for the perl public API
5694 X<Perl API> X<API> X<api>
5696 =item "Gimme" Values
5698 GIMME X<GIMME>, GIMME_V X<GIMME_V>, G_ARRAY X<G_ARRAY>, G_DISCARD
5699 X<G_DISCARD>, G_EVAL X<G_EVAL>, G_NOARGS X<G_NOARGS>, G_SCALAR X<G_SCALAR>,
5702 =item Array Manipulation Functions
5704 AvFILL X<AvFILL>, av_clear X<av_clear>, av_create_and_push
5705 X<av_create_and_push>, av_create_and_unshift_one
5706 X<av_create_and_unshift_one>, av_delete X<av_delete>, av_exists
5707 X<av_exists>, av_extend X<av_extend>, av_fetch X<av_fetch>, av_fill
5708 X<av_fill>, av_len X<av_len>, av_make X<av_make>, av_pop X<av_pop>, av_push
5709 X<av_push>, av_shift X<av_shift>, av_store X<av_store>, av_undef
5710 X<av_undef>, av_unshift X<av_unshift>, get_av X<get_av>, newAV X<newAV>,
5711 sortsv X<sortsv>, sortsv_flags X<sortsv_flags>
5713 =item Callback Functions
5715 call_argv X<call_argv>, call_method X<call_method>, call_pv X<call_pv>,
5716 call_sv X<call_sv>, ENTER X<ENTER>, eval_pv X<eval_pv>, eval_sv X<eval_sv>,
5717 FREETMPS X<FREETMPS>, LEAVE X<LEAVE>, SAVETMPS X<SAVETMPS>
5719 =item Character classes
5721 isALNUM X<isALNUM>, isALPHA X<isALPHA>, isDIGIT X<isDIGIT>, isLOWER
5722 X<isLOWER>, isSPACE X<isSPACE>, isUPPER X<isUPPER>, toLOWER X<toLOWER>,
5725 =item Cloning an interpreter
5727 perl_clone X<perl_clone>
5729 =item CV Manipulation Functions
5731 CvSTASH X<CvSTASH>, get_cv X<get_cv>, get_cvn_flags X<get_cvn_flags>
5733 =item Embedding Functions
5735 cv_undef X<cv_undef>, load_module X<load_module>, nothreadhook
5736 X<nothreadhook>, perl_alloc X<perl_alloc>, perl_construct
5737 X<perl_construct>, perl_destruct X<perl_destruct>, perl_free X<perl_free>,
5738 perl_parse X<perl_parse>, perl_run X<perl_run>, require_pv X<require_pv>
5740 =item Functions in file dump.c
5742 pv_display X<pv_display>, pv_escape X<pv_escape>, pv_pretty X<pv_pretty>
5744 =item Functions in file mathoms.c
5746 gv_fetchmethod X<gv_fetchmethod>, pack_cat X<pack_cat>, sv_2pvbyte_nolen
5747 X<sv_2pvbyte_nolen>, sv_2pvutf8_nolen X<sv_2pvutf8_nolen>, sv_2pv_nolen
5748 X<sv_2pv_nolen>, sv_catpvn_mg X<sv_catpvn_mg>, sv_catsv_mg X<sv_catsv_mg>,
5749 sv_force_normal X<sv_force_normal>, sv_iv X<sv_iv>, sv_nolocking
5750 X<sv_nolocking>, sv_nounlocking X<sv_nounlocking>, sv_nv X<sv_nv>, sv_pv
5751 X<sv_pv>, sv_pvbyte X<sv_pvbyte>, sv_pvbyten X<sv_pvbyten>, sv_pvn
5752 X<sv_pvn>, sv_pvutf8 X<sv_pvutf8>, sv_pvutf8n X<sv_pvutf8n>, sv_taint
5753 X<sv_taint>, sv_unref X<sv_unref>, sv_usepvn X<sv_usepvn>, sv_usepvn_mg
5754 X<sv_usepvn_mg>, sv_uv X<sv_uv>, unpack_str X<unpack_str>
5756 =item Functions in file pp_ctl.c
5758 find_runcv X<find_runcv>
5760 =item Functions in file pp_pack.c
5762 packlist X<packlist>, unpackstring X<unpackstring>
5766 GvSV X<GvSV>, gv_const_sv X<gv_const_sv>, gv_fetchmeth X<gv_fetchmeth>,
5767 gv_fetchmethod_autoload X<gv_fetchmethod_autoload>, gv_fetchmeth_autoload
5768 X<gv_fetchmeth_autoload>, gv_stashpv X<gv_stashpv>, gv_stashpvn
5769 X<gv_stashpvn>, gv_stashpvs X<gv_stashpvs>, gv_stashsv X<gv_stashsv>
5773 Nullav X<Nullav>, Nullch X<Nullch>, Nullcv X<Nullcv>, Nullhv X<Nullhv>,
5776 =item Hash Manipulation Functions
5778 get_hv X<get_hv>, HEf_SVKEY X<HEf_SVKEY>, HeHASH X<HeHASH>, HeKEY X<HeKEY>,
5779 HeKLEN X<HeKLEN>, HePV X<HePV>, HeSVKEY X<HeSVKEY>, HeSVKEY_force
5780 X<HeSVKEY_force>, HeSVKEY_set X<HeSVKEY_set>, HeVAL X<HeVAL>, HvNAME
5781 X<HvNAME>, hv_assert X<hv_assert>, hv_clear X<hv_clear>,
5782 hv_clear_placeholders X<hv_clear_placeholders>, hv_delete X<hv_delete>,
5783 hv_delete_ent X<hv_delete_ent>, hv_exists X<hv_exists>, hv_exists_ent
5784 X<hv_exists_ent>, hv_fetch X<hv_fetch>, hv_fetchs X<hv_fetchs>,
5785 hv_fetch_ent X<hv_fetch_ent>, hv_iterinit X<hv_iterinit>, hv_iterkey
5786 X<hv_iterkey>, hv_iterkeysv X<hv_iterkeysv>, hv_iternext X<hv_iternext>,
5787 hv_iternextsv X<hv_iternextsv>, hv_iternext_flags X<hv_iternext_flags>,
5788 hv_iterval X<hv_iterval>, hv_magic X<hv_magic>, hv_scalar X<hv_scalar>,
5789 hv_store X<hv_store>, hv_stores X<hv_stores>, hv_store_ent X<hv_store_ent>,
5790 hv_undef X<hv_undef>, newHV X<newHV>
5792 =item Magical Functions
5794 mg_clear X<mg_clear>, mg_copy X<mg_copy>, mg_find X<mg_find>, mg_free
5795 X<mg_free>, mg_get X<mg_get>, mg_length X<mg_length>, mg_magical
5796 X<mg_magical>, mg_set X<mg_set>, SvGETMAGIC X<SvGETMAGIC>, SvLOCK
5797 X<SvLOCK>, SvSETMAGIC X<SvSETMAGIC>, SvSetMagicSV X<SvSetMagicSV>,
5798 SvSetMagicSV_nosteal X<SvSetMagicSV_nosteal>, SvSetSV X<SvSetSV>,
5799 SvSetSV_nosteal X<SvSetSV_nosteal>, SvSHARE X<SvSHARE>, SvUNLOCK
5802 =item Memory Management
5804 Copy X<Copy>, CopyD X<CopyD>, Move X<Move>, MoveD X<MoveD>, Newx X<Newx>,
5805 Newxc X<Newxc>, Newxz X<Newxz>, Poison X<Poison>, PoisonFree X<PoisonFree>,
5806 PoisonNew X<PoisonNew>, PoisonWith X<PoisonWith>, Renew X<Renew>, Renewc
5807 X<Renewc>, Safefree X<Safefree>, savepv X<savepv>, savepvn X<savepvn>,
5808 savepvs X<savepvs>, savesharedpv X<savesharedpv>, savesharedpvn
5809 X<savesharedpvn>, savesvpv X<savesvpv>, StructCopy X<StructCopy>, Zero
5810 X<Zero>, ZeroD X<ZeroD>
5812 =item Miscellaneous Functions
5814 fbm_compile X<fbm_compile>, fbm_instr X<fbm_instr>, form X<form>, getcwd_sv
5815 X<getcwd_sv>, my_snprintf X<my_snprintf>, my_sprintf X<my_sprintf>,
5816 my_vsnprintf X<my_vsnprintf>, new_version X<new_version>, scan_version
5817 X<scan_version>, strEQ X<strEQ>, strGE X<strGE>, strGT X<strGT>, strLE
5818 X<strLE>, strLT X<strLT>, strNE X<strNE>, strnEQ X<strnEQ>, strnNE
5819 X<strnNE>, sv_destroyable X<sv_destroyable>, sv_nosharing X<sv_nosharing>,
5820 upg_version X<upg_version>, vcmp X<vcmp>, vnormal X<vnormal>, vnumify
5821 X<vnumify>, vstringify X<vstringify>, vverify X<vverify>
5825 mro_get_linear_isa X<mro_get_linear_isa>, mro_method_changed_in
5826 X<mro_method_changed_in>
5828 =item Multicall Functions
5830 dMULTICALL X<dMULTICALL>, MULTICALL X<MULTICALL>, POP_MULTICALL
5831 X<POP_MULTICALL>, PUSH_MULTICALL X<PUSH_MULTICALL>
5833 =item Numeric functions
5835 grok_bin X<grok_bin>, grok_hex X<grok_hex>, grok_number X<grok_number>,
5836 grok_numeric_radix X<grok_numeric_radix>, grok_oct X<grok_oct>,
5837 Perl_signbit X<Perl_signbit>, scan_bin X<scan_bin>, scan_hex X<scan_hex>,
5838 scan_oct X<scan_oct>
5840 =item Optree Manipulation Functions
5842 cv_const_sv X<cv_const_sv>, newCONSTSUB X<newCONSTSUB>, newXS X<newXS>
5844 =item Pad Data Structures
5848 =item Per-Interpreter Variables
5850 PL_modglobal X<PL_modglobal>, PL_na X<PL_na>, PL_sv_no X<PL_sv_no>,
5851 PL_sv_undef X<PL_sv_undef>, PL_sv_yes X<PL_sv_yes>
5853 =item REGEXP Functions
5855 SvRX X<SvRX>, SvRXOK X<SvRXOK>
5857 =item Simple Exception Handling Macros
5859 dXCPT X<dXCPT>, XCPT_CATCH X<XCPT_CATCH>, XCPT_RETHROW X<XCPT_RETHROW>,
5860 XCPT_TRY_END X<XCPT_TRY_END>, XCPT_TRY_START X<XCPT_TRY_START>
5862 =item Stack Manipulation Macros
5864 dMARK X<dMARK>, dORIGMARK X<dORIGMARK>, dSP X<dSP>, EXTEND X<EXTEND>, MARK
5865 X<MARK>, mPUSHi X<mPUSHi>, mPUSHn X<mPUSHn>, mPUSHp X<mPUSHp>, mPUSHu
5866 X<mPUSHu>, mXPUSHi X<mXPUSHi>, mXPUSHn X<mXPUSHn>, mXPUSHp X<mXPUSHp>,
5867 mXPUSHu X<mXPUSHu>, ORIGMARK X<ORIGMARK>, POPi X<POPi>, POPl X<POPl>, POPn
5868 X<POPn>, POPp X<POPp>, POPpbytex X<POPpbytex>, POPpx X<POPpx>, POPs
5869 X<POPs>, PUSHi X<PUSHi>, PUSHMARK X<PUSHMARK>, PUSHmortal X<PUSHmortal>,
5870 PUSHn X<PUSHn>, PUSHp X<PUSHp>, PUSHs X<PUSHs>, PUSHu X<PUSHu>, PUTBACK
5871 X<PUTBACK>, SP X<SP>, SPAGAIN X<SPAGAIN>, XPUSHi X<XPUSHi>, XPUSHmortal
5872 X<XPUSHmortal>, XPUSHn X<XPUSHn>, XPUSHp X<XPUSHp>, XPUSHs X<XPUSHs>,
5873 XPUSHu X<XPUSHu>, XSRETURN X<XSRETURN>, XSRETURN_EMPTY X<XSRETURN_EMPTY>,
5874 XSRETURN_IV X<XSRETURN_IV>, XSRETURN_NO X<XSRETURN_NO>, XSRETURN_NV
5875 X<XSRETURN_NV>, XSRETURN_PV X<XSRETURN_PV>, XSRETURN_UNDEF
5876 X<XSRETURN_UNDEF>, XSRETURN_UV X<XSRETURN_UV>, XSRETURN_YES
5877 X<XSRETURN_YES>, XST_mIV X<XST_mIV>, XST_mNO X<XST_mNO>, XST_mNV
5878 X<XST_mNV>, XST_mPV X<XST_mPV>, XST_mUNDEF X<XST_mUNDEF>, XST_mYES
5883 svtype X<svtype>, SVt_IV X<SVt_IV>, SVt_NV X<SVt_NV>, SVt_PV X<SVt_PV>,
5884 SVt_PVAV X<SVt_PVAV>, SVt_PVCV X<SVt_PVCV>, SVt_PVHV X<SVt_PVHV>, SVt_PVMG
5887 =item SV Manipulation Functions
5889 get_sv X<get_sv>, newRV_inc X<newRV_inc>, SvCUR X<SvCUR>, SvCUR_set
5890 X<SvCUR_set>, SvEND X<SvEND>, SvGAMAGIC X<SvGAMAGIC>, SvGROW X<SvGROW>,
5891 SvIOK X<SvIOK>, SvIOKp X<SvIOKp>, SvIOK_notUV X<SvIOK_notUV>, SvIOK_off
5892 X<SvIOK_off>, SvIOK_on X<SvIOK_on>, SvIOK_only X<SvIOK_only>, SvIOK_only_UV
5893 X<SvIOK_only_UV>, SvIOK_UV X<SvIOK_UV>, SvIsCOW X<SvIsCOW>,
5894 SvIsCOW_shared_hash X<SvIsCOW_shared_hash>, SvIV X<SvIV>, SvIVX X<SvIVX>,
5895 SvIVx X<SvIVx>, SvIV_nomg X<SvIV_nomg>, SvIV_set X<SvIV_set>, SvLEN
5896 X<SvLEN>, SvLEN_set X<SvLEN_set>, SvMAGIC_set X<SvMAGIC_set>, SvNIOK
5897 X<SvNIOK>, SvNIOKp X<SvNIOKp>, SvNIOK_off X<SvNIOK_off>, SvNOK X<SvNOK>,
5898 SvNOKp X<SvNOKp>, SvNOK_off X<SvNOK_off>, SvNOK_on X<SvNOK_on>, SvNOK_only
5899 X<SvNOK_only>, SvNV X<SvNV>, SvNVX X<SvNVX>, SvNVx X<SvNVx>, SvNV_set
5900 X<SvNV_set>, SvOK X<SvOK>, SvOOK X<SvOOK>, SvPOK X<SvPOK>, SvPOKp
5901 X<SvPOKp>, SvPOK_off X<SvPOK_off>, SvPOK_on X<SvPOK_on>, SvPOK_only
5902 X<SvPOK_only>, SvPOK_only_UTF8 X<SvPOK_only_UTF8>, SvPV X<SvPV>, SvPVbyte
5903 X<SvPVbyte>, SvPVbytex X<SvPVbytex>, SvPVbytex_force X<SvPVbytex_force>,
5904 SvPVbyte_force X<SvPVbyte_force>, SvPVbyte_nolen X<SvPVbyte_nolen>,
5905 SvPVutf8 X<SvPVutf8>, SvPVutf8x X<SvPVutf8x>, SvPVutf8x_force
5906 X<SvPVutf8x_force>, SvPVutf8_force X<SvPVutf8_force>, SvPVutf8_nolen
5907 X<SvPVutf8_nolen>, SvPVX X<SvPVX>, SvPVx X<SvPVx>, SvPV_force
5908 X<SvPV_force>, SvPV_force_nomg X<SvPV_force_nomg>, SvPV_nolen
5909 X<SvPV_nolen>, SvPV_nomg X<SvPV_nomg>, SvPV_set X<SvPV_set>, SvREFCNT
5910 X<SvREFCNT>, SvREFCNT_dec X<SvREFCNT_dec>, SvREFCNT_inc X<SvREFCNT_inc>,
5911 SvREFCNT_inc_NN X<SvREFCNT_inc_NN>, SvREFCNT_inc_simple
5912 X<SvREFCNT_inc_simple>, SvREFCNT_inc_simple_NN X<SvREFCNT_inc_simple_NN>,
5913 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void X<SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void>,
5914 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN X<SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN>,
5915 SvREFCNT_inc_void X<SvREFCNT_inc_void>, SvREFCNT_inc_void_NN
5916 X<SvREFCNT_inc_void_NN>, SvROK X<SvROK>, SvROK_off X<SvROK_off>, SvROK_on
5917 X<SvROK_on>, SvRV X<SvRV>, SvRV_set X<SvRV_set>, SvSTASH X<SvSTASH>,
5918 SvSTASH_set X<SvSTASH_set>, SvTAINT X<SvTAINT>, SvTAINTED X<SvTAINTED>,
5919 SvTAINTED_off X<SvTAINTED_off>, SvTAINTED_on X<SvTAINTED_on>, SvTRUE
5920 X<SvTRUE>, SvTYPE X<SvTYPE>, SvUOK X<SvUOK>, SvUPGRADE X<SvUPGRADE>, SvUTF8
5921 X<SvUTF8>, SvUTF8_off X<SvUTF8_off>, SvUTF8_on X<SvUTF8_on>, SvUV X<SvUV>,
5922 SvUVX X<SvUVX>, SvUVx X<SvUVx>, SvUV_nomg X<SvUV_nomg>, SvUV_set
5923 X<SvUV_set>, SvVOK X<SvVOK>, sv_catpvn_nomg X<sv_catpvn_nomg>,
5924 sv_catsv_nomg X<sv_catsv_nomg>, sv_derived_from X<sv_derived_from>, sv_does
5925 X<sv_does>, sv_report_used X<sv_report_used>, sv_setsv_nomg
5928 =item SV-Body Allocation
5930 looks_like_number X<looks_like_number>, newRV_noinc X<newRV_noinc>, newSV
5931 X<newSV>, newSVhek X<newSVhek>, newSViv X<newSViv>, newSVnv X<newSVnv>,
5932 newSVpv X<newSVpv>, newSVpvf X<newSVpvf>, newSVpvn X<newSVpvn>,
5933 newSVpvn_share X<newSVpvn_share>, newSVpvs X<newSVpvs>, newSVpvs_share
5934 X<newSVpvs_share>, newSVrv X<newSVrv>, newSVsv X<newSVsv>, newSVuv
5935 X<newSVuv>, newSV_type X<newSV_type>, sv_2bool X<sv_2bool>, sv_2cv
5936 X<sv_2cv>, sv_2io X<sv_2io>, sv_2iv_flags X<sv_2iv_flags>, sv_2mortal
5937 X<sv_2mortal>, sv_2nv X<sv_2nv>, sv_2pvbyte X<sv_2pvbyte>, sv_2pvutf8
5938 X<sv_2pvutf8>, sv_2pv_flags X<sv_2pv_flags>, sv_2uv_flags X<sv_2uv_flags>,
5939 sv_backoff X<sv_backoff>, sv_bless X<sv_bless>, sv_catpv X<sv_catpv>,
5940 sv_catpvf X<sv_catpvf>, sv_catpvf_mg X<sv_catpvf_mg>, sv_catpvn
5941 X<sv_catpvn>, sv_catpvn_flags X<sv_catpvn_flags>, sv_catpvs X<sv_catpvs>,
5942 sv_catpv_mg X<sv_catpv_mg>, sv_catsv X<sv_catsv>, sv_catsv_flags
5943 X<sv_catsv_flags>, sv_chop X<sv_chop>, sv_clear X<sv_clear>, sv_cmp
5944 X<sv_cmp>, sv_cmp_locale X<sv_cmp_locale>, sv_collxfrm X<sv_collxfrm>,
5945 sv_copypv X<sv_copypv>, sv_dec X<sv_dec>, sv_eq X<sv_eq>,
5946 sv_force_normal_flags X<sv_force_normal_flags>, sv_free X<sv_free>, sv_gets
5947 X<sv_gets>, sv_grow X<sv_grow>, sv_inc X<sv_inc>, sv_insert X<sv_insert>,
5948 sv_isa X<sv_isa>, sv_isobject X<sv_isobject>, sv_len X<sv_len>, sv_len_utf8
5949 X<sv_len_utf8>, sv_magic X<sv_magic>, sv_magicext X<sv_magicext>,
5950 sv_mortalcopy X<sv_mortalcopy>, sv_newmortal X<sv_newmortal>, sv_newref
5951 X<sv_newref>, sv_pos_b2u X<sv_pos_b2u>, sv_pos_u2b X<sv_pos_u2b>,
5952 sv_pvbyten_force X<sv_pvbyten_force>, sv_pvn_force X<sv_pvn_force>,
5953 sv_pvn_force_flags X<sv_pvn_force_flags>, sv_pvutf8n_force
5954 X<sv_pvutf8n_force>, sv_reftype X<sv_reftype>, sv_replace X<sv_replace>,
5955 sv_reset X<sv_reset>, sv_rvweaken X<sv_rvweaken>, sv_setiv X<sv_setiv>,
5956 sv_setiv_mg X<sv_setiv_mg>, sv_setnv X<sv_setnv>, sv_setnv_mg
5957 X<sv_setnv_mg>, sv_setpv X<sv_setpv>, sv_setpvf X<sv_setpvf>, sv_setpvf_mg
5958 X<sv_setpvf_mg>, sv_setpviv X<sv_setpviv>, sv_setpviv_mg X<sv_setpviv_mg>,
5959 sv_setpvn X<sv_setpvn>, sv_setpvn_mg X<sv_setpvn_mg>, sv_setpvs
5960 X<sv_setpvs>, sv_setpv_mg X<sv_setpv_mg>, sv_setref_iv X<sv_setref_iv>,
5961 sv_setref_nv X<sv_setref_nv>, sv_setref_pv X<sv_setref_pv>, sv_setref_pvn
5962 X<sv_setref_pvn>, sv_setref_uv X<sv_setref_uv>, sv_setsv X<sv_setsv>,
5963 sv_setsv_flags X<sv_setsv_flags>, sv_setsv_mg X<sv_setsv_mg>, sv_setuv
5964 X<sv_setuv>, sv_setuv_mg X<sv_setuv_mg>, sv_tainted X<sv_tainted>, sv_true
5965 X<sv_true>, sv_unmagic X<sv_unmagic>, sv_unref_flags X<sv_unref_flags>,
5966 sv_untaint X<sv_untaint>, sv_upgrade X<sv_upgrade>, sv_usepvn_flags
5967 X<sv_usepvn_flags>, sv_utf8_decode X<sv_utf8_decode>, sv_utf8_downgrade
5968 X<sv_utf8_downgrade>, sv_utf8_encode X<sv_utf8_encode>, sv_utf8_upgrade
5969 X<sv_utf8_upgrade>, sv_utf8_upgrade_flags X<sv_utf8_upgrade_flags>,
5970 sv_vcatpvf X<sv_vcatpvf>, sv_vcatpvfn X<sv_vcatpvfn>, sv_vcatpvf_mg
5971 X<sv_vcatpvf_mg>, sv_vsetpvf X<sv_vsetpvf>, sv_vsetpvfn X<sv_vsetpvfn>,
5972 sv_vsetpvf_mg X<sv_vsetpvf_mg>
5974 =item Unicode Support
5976 bytes_from_utf8 X<bytes_from_utf8>, bytes_to_utf8 X<bytes_to_utf8>,
5977 ibcmp_utf8 X<ibcmp_utf8>, is_utf8_char X<is_utf8_char>, is_utf8_string
5978 X<is_utf8_string>, is_utf8_string_loc X<is_utf8_string_loc>,
5979 is_utf8_string_loclen X<is_utf8_string_loclen>, pv_uni_display
5980 X<pv_uni_display>, sv_cat_decode X<sv_cat_decode>, sv_recode_to_utf8
5981 X<sv_recode_to_utf8>, sv_uni_display X<sv_uni_display>, to_utf8_case
5982 X<to_utf8_case>, to_utf8_fold X<to_utf8_fold>, to_utf8_lower
5983 X<to_utf8_lower>, to_utf8_title X<to_utf8_title>, to_utf8_upper
5984 X<to_utf8_upper>, utf8n_to_uvchr X<utf8n_to_uvchr>, utf8n_to_uvuni
5985 X<utf8n_to_uvuni>, utf8_distance X<utf8_distance>, utf8_hop X<utf8_hop>,
5986 utf8_length X<utf8_length>, utf8_to_bytes X<utf8_to_bytes>, utf8_to_uvchr
5987 X<utf8_to_uvchr>, utf8_to_uvuni X<utf8_to_uvuni>, uvchr_to_utf8
5988 X<uvchr_to_utf8>, uvuni_to_utf8_flags X<uvuni_to_utf8_flags>
5990 =item Variables created by C<xsubpp> and C<xsubpp> internal functions
5992 ax X<ax>, CLASS X<CLASS>, dAX X<dAX>, dAXMARK X<dAXMARK>, dITEMS X<dITEMS>,
5993 dUNDERBAR X<dUNDERBAR>, dXSARGS X<dXSARGS>, dXSI32 X<dXSI32>, items
5994 X<items>, ix X<ix>, newXSproto X<newXSproto>, RETVAL X<RETVAL>, ST X<ST>,
5995 THIS X<THIS>, UNDERBAR X<UNDERBAR>, XS X<XS>, XS_VERSION X<XS_VERSION>,
5996 XS_VERSION_BOOTCHECK X<XS_VERSION_BOOTCHECK>
5998 =item Warning and Dieing
6000 croak X<croak>, warn X<warn>
6008 =head2 perlintern - autogenerated documentation of purely B<internal>
6014 X<internal Perl functions> X<interpreter functions>
6016 =item CV reference counts and CvOUTSIDE
6018 CvWEAKOUTSIDE X<CvWEAKOUTSIDE>
6020 =item Functions in file pad.h
6022 CX_CURPAD_SAVE X<CX_CURPAD_SAVE>, CX_CURPAD_SV X<CX_CURPAD_SV>, PAD_BASE_SV
6023 X<PAD_BASE_SV>, PAD_CLONE_VARS X<PAD_CLONE_VARS>, PAD_COMPNAME_FLAGS
6024 X<PAD_COMPNAME_FLAGS>, PAD_COMPNAME_GEN X<PAD_COMPNAME_GEN>,
6025 PAD_COMPNAME_GEN_set X<PAD_COMPNAME_GEN_set>, PAD_COMPNAME_OURSTASH
6026 X<PAD_COMPNAME_OURSTASH>, PAD_COMPNAME_PV X<PAD_COMPNAME_PV>,
6027 PAD_COMPNAME_TYPE X<PAD_COMPNAME_TYPE>, PAD_DUP X<PAD_DUP>,
6028 PAD_RESTORE_LOCAL X<PAD_RESTORE_LOCAL>, PAD_SAVE_LOCAL X<PAD_SAVE_LOCAL>,
6029 PAD_SAVE_SETNULLPAD X<PAD_SAVE_SETNULLPAD>, PAD_SETSV X<PAD_SETSV>,
6030 PAD_SET_CUR X<PAD_SET_CUR>, PAD_SET_CUR_NOSAVE X<PAD_SET_CUR_NOSAVE>,
6031 PAD_SV X<PAD_SV>, PAD_SVl X<PAD_SVl>, SAVECLEARSV X<SAVECLEARSV>,
6032 SAVECOMPPAD X<SAVECOMPPAD>, SAVEPADSV X<SAVEPADSV>
6036 is_gv_magical X<is_gv_magical>, is_gv_magical_sv X<is_gv_magical_sv>
6038 =item Hash Manipulation Functions
6040 refcounted_he_chain_2hv X<refcounted_he_chain_2hv>, refcounted_he_free
6041 X<refcounted_he_free>, refcounted_he_new X<refcounted_he_new>
6045 start_glob X<start_glob>
6047 =item Magical Functions
6049 magic_sethint X<magic_sethint>, mg_localize X<mg_localize>
6053 mro_get_linear_isa_c3 X<mro_get_linear_isa_c3>, mro_get_linear_isa_dfs
6054 X<mro_get_linear_isa_dfs>, mro_isa_changed_in X<mro_isa_changed_in>
6056 =item Pad Data Structures
6058 CvPADLIST X<CvPADLIST>, cv_clone X<cv_clone>, cv_dump X<cv_dump>,
6059 do_dump_pad X<do_dump_pad>, intro_my X<intro_my>, pad_add_anon
6060 X<pad_add_anon>, pad_add_name X<pad_add_name>, pad_alloc X<pad_alloc>,
6061 pad_block_start X<pad_block_start>, pad_check_dup X<pad_check_dup>,
6062 pad_findlex X<pad_findlex>, pad_findmy X<pad_findmy>, pad_fixup_inner_anons
6063 X<pad_fixup_inner_anons>, pad_free X<pad_free>, pad_leavemy X<pad_leavemy>,
6064 pad_new X<pad_new>, pad_push X<pad_push>, pad_reset X<pad_reset>, pad_setsv
6065 X<pad_setsv>, pad_swipe X<pad_swipe>, pad_tidy X<pad_tidy>, pad_undef
6068 =item Per-Interpreter Variables
6070 PL_DBsingle X<PL_DBsingle>, PL_DBsub X<PL_DBsub>, PL_DBtrace X<PL_DBtrace>,
6071 PL_dowarn X<PL_dowarn>, PL_last_in_gv X<PL_last_in_gv>, PL_ofs_sv
6072 X<PL_ofs_sv>, PL_rs X<PL_rs>
6074 =item Stack Manipulation Macros
6076 djSP X<djSP>, LVRET X<LVRET>
6078 =item SV Manipulation Functions
6080 sv_add_arena X<sv_add_arena>, sv_clean_all X<sv_clean_all>, sv_clean_objs
6081 X<sv_clean_objs>, sv_free_arenas X<sv_free_arenas>
6083 =item SV-Body Allocation
6087 =item Unicode Support
6089 find_uninit_var X<find_uninit_var>, report_uninit X<report_uninit>
6097 =head2 perliol - C API for Perl's implementation of IO in Layers.
6107 =item History and Background
6109 =item Basic Structure
6111 =item Layers vs Disciplines
6113 =item Data Structures
6115 =item Functions and Attributes
6117 =item Per-instance Data
6119 =item Layers in action.
6121 =item Per-instance flag bits
6123 PERLIO_F_EOF, PERLIO_F_CANWRITE, PERLIO_F_CANREAD, PERLIO_F_ERROR,
6124 PERLIO_F_TRUNCATE, PERLIO_F_APPEND, PERLIO_F_CRLF, PERLIO_F_UTF8,
6125 PERLIO_F_UNBUF, PERLIO_F_WRBUF, PERLIO_F_RDBUF, PERLIO_F_LINEBUF,
6126 PERLIO_F_TEMP, PERLIO_F_OPEN, PERLIO_F_FASTGETS
6128 =item Methods in Detail
6130 fsize, name, size, kind, PERLIO_K_BUFFERED, PERLIO_K_RAW, PERLIO_K_CANCRLF,
6131 PERLIO_K_FASTGETS, PERLIO_K_MULTIARG, Pushed, Popped, Open, Binmode,
6132 Getarg, Fileno, Dup, Read, Write, Seek, Tell, Close, Flush, Fill, Eof,
6133 Error, Clearerr, Setlinebuf, Get_base, Get_bufsiz, Get_ptr, Get_cnt,
6138 =item Implementing PerlIO Layers
6140 C implementations, Perl implementations
6144 "unix", "perlio", "stdio", "crlf", "mmap", "pending", "raw", "utf8"
6146 =item Extension Layers
6148 ":encoding", ":scalar", ":via"
6156 =head2 perlapio - perl's IO abstraction interface.
6164 1. USE_STDIO, 2. USE_SFIO, 3. USE_PERLIO, B<PerlIO_stdin()>,
6165 B<PerlIO_stdout()>, B<PerlIO_stderr()>, B<PerlIO_open(path, mode)>,
6166 B<PerlIO_fdopen(fd,mode)>, B<PerlIO_reopen(path,mode,f)>,
6167 B<PerlIO_printf(f,fmt,...)>, B<PerlIO_vprintf(f,fmt,a)>,
6168 B<PerlIO_stdoutf(fmt,...)>, B<PerlIO_read(f,buf,count)>,
6169 B<PerlIO_write(f,buf,count)>, B<PerlIO_close(f)>, B<PerlIO_puts(f,s)>,
6170 B<PerlIO_putc(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_ungetc(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_getc(f)>,
6171 B<PerlIO_eof(f)>, B<PerlIO_error(f)>, B<PerlIO_fileno(f)>,
6172 B<PerlIO_clearerr(f)>, B<PerlIO_flush(f)>, B<PerlIO_seek(f,offset,whence)>,
6173 B<PerlIO_tell(f)>, B<PerlIO_getpos(f,p)>, B<PerlIO_setpos(f,p)>,
6174 B<PerlIO_rewind(f)>, B<PerlIO_tmpfile()>, B<PerlIO_setlinebuf(f)>
6178 =item Co-existence with stdio
6180 B<PerlIO_importFILE(f,mode)>, B<PerlIO_exportFILE(f,mode)>,
6181 B<PerlIO_releaseFILE(p,f)>, B<PerlIO_findFILE(f)>
6183 =item "Fast gets" Functions
6185 B<PerlIO_fast_gets(f)>, B<PerlIO_has_cntptr(f)>, B<PerlIO_get_cnt(f)>,
6186 B<PerlIO_get_ptr(f)>, B<PerlIO_set_ptrcnt(f,p,c)>, B<PerlIO_canset_cnt(f)>,
6187 B<PerlIO_set_cnt(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_has_base(f)>, B<PerlIO_get_base(f)>,
6188 B<PerlIO_get_bufsiz(f)>
6190 =item Other Functions
6192 PerlIO_apply_layers(f,mode,layers), PerlIO_binmode(f,ptype,imode,layers),
6193 'E<lt>' read, 'E<gt>' write, '+' read/write, PerlIO_debug(fmt,...)
6199 =head2 perlhack - How to hack at the Perl internals
6205 Does concept match the general goals of Perl?, Where is the
6206 implementation?, Backwards compatibility, Could it be a module instead?, Is
6207 the feature generic enough?, Does it potentially introduce new bugs?, Does
6208 it preclude other desirable features?, Is the implementation robust?, Is
6209 the implementation generic enough to be portable?, Is the implementation
6210 tested?, Is there enough documentation?, Is there another way to do it?,
6211 Does it create too much work?, Patches speak louder than words
6215 =item Keeping in sync
6217 rsync'ing the source tree, Using rsync over the LAN, Using pushing over the
6218 NFS, rsync'ing the patches
6220 =item Why rsync the source tree
6222 It's easier to rsync the source tree, It's more reliable
6224 =item Why rsync the patches
6226 It's easier to rsync the patches, It's a good reference, Finding a start
6227 point, Finding how to fix a bug, Finding the source of misbehaviour
6229 =item Working with the source
6231 =item Perlbug administration
6233 =item Submitting patches
6235 L<perlguts>, L<perlxstut> and L<perlxs>, L<perlapi>,
6236 F<Porting/pumpkin.pod>, The perl5-porters FAQ
6238 =item Finding Your Way Around
6240 Core modules, Tests, Documentation, Configure, Interpreter
6242 =item Elements of the interpreter
6244 Startup, Parsing, Optimization, Running, Exception handing
6246 =item Internal Variable Types
6252 Argument stack, Mark stack, Save stack
6254 =item Millions of Macros
6256 =item The .i Targets
6260 =item SOURCE CODE STATIC ANALYSIS
6268 =item cpd (cut-and-paste detector)
6272 =item Warnings of other C compilers
6276 =item Poking at Perl
6278 =item Using a source-level debugger
6280 run [args], break function_name, break source.c:xxx, step, next, continue,
6281 finish, 'enter', print
6283 =item gdb macro support
6285 =item Dumping Perl Data Structures
6289 =item Patching a core module
6291 =item Adding a new function to the core
6293 =item Writing a test
6295 F<t/base/>, F<t/cmd/>, F<t/comp/>, F<t/io/>, F<t/lib/>, F<t/mro/>,
6296 F<t/op/>, F<t/pod/>, F<t/run/>, F<t/uni/>, F<t/win32/>, F<t/x2p>, t/base
6297 t/comp, t/cmd t/run t/io t/op, t/lib ext lib
6299 =item Special Make Test Targets
6301 coretest, test.deparse, test.taintwarn, minitest, test.valgrind
6302 check.valgrind utest.valgrind ucheck.valgrind, test.third check.third
6303 utest.third ucheck.third, test.torture torturetest, utest ucheck test.utf8
6304 check.utf8, minitest.utf16 test.utf16, test_harness, test-notty test_notty
6306 =item Running tests by hand
6308 -v, -torture, -re=PATTERN, -re LIST OF PATTERNS, PERL_CORE=1,
6309 PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL=2, PERL, PERL_SKIP_TTY_TEST, PERL_TEST_Net_Ping,
6310 PERL_TEST_NOVREXX, PERL_TEST_NUMCONVERTS
6312 =item Common problems when patching Perl source code
6314 =item Perl environment problems
6316 =item Portability problems
6318 =item Problematic System Interfaces
6320 =item Security problems
6324 =item EXTERNAL TOOLS FOR DEBUGGING PERL
6328 =item Rational Software's Purify
6330 =item Purify on Unix
6332 -Accflags=-DPURIFY, -Doptimize='-g', -Uusemymalloc, -Dusemultiplicity
6336 DEFINES, USE_MULTI = define, #PERL_MALLOC = define, CFG = Debug
6340 =item Compaq's/Digital's/HP's Third Degree
6342 =item PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL
6348 =item Gprof Profiling
6350 -a, -b, -e routine, -f routine, -s, -z
6352 =item GCC gcov Profiling
6354 =item Pixie Profiling
6356 -h, -l, -p[rocedures], -h[eavy], -i[nvocations], -l[ines], -testcoverage,
6359 =item Miscellaneous tricks
6365 I<The Road goes ever on and on, down from the door where it began.>
6371 =head2 perlbook - Perl book information
6379 =head2 perlcommunity - a brief overview of the Perl community
6387 =item Where to find the community
6389 =item Mailing lists and Newsgroups
6395 L<http://perl.com/>, L<http://use.perl.org/>, L<http://www.perlmonks.org/>
6405 =item Calendar of Perl Events
6413 =head2 perltodo - Perl TO-DO List
6419 =item Tasks that only need Perl knowledge
6423 =item Remove duplication of test setup.
6425 =item merge common code in installperl and installman
6427 =item common test code for timed bail out
6429 =item POD -E<gt> HTML conversion in the core still sucks
6431 =item merge checkpods and podchecker
6433 =item perlmodlib.PL rewrite
6435 =item Parallel testing
6437 =item Make Schwern poorer
6439 =item Improve the coverage of the core tests
6443 =item Deparse inlined constants
6445 =item A decent benchmark
6447 =item fix tainting bugs
6449 =item Dual life everything
6451 =item Improving C<threads::shared>
6453 =item POSIX memory footprint
6455 =item embed.pl/makedef.pl
6457 =item use strict; and AutoLoad
6461 =item Tasks that need a little sysadmin-type knowledge
6465 =item make HTML install work
6467 =item compressed man pages
6469 =item Add a code coverage target to the Makefile
6471 =item Make Config.pm cope with differences between built and installed perl
6473 =item linker specification files
6475 =item Cross-compile support
6481 =item Tasks that need a little C knowledge
6485 =item Exterminate PL_na!
6487 =item Modernize the order of directories in @INC
6491 =item Make it clear from -v if this is the exact official release
6493 =item Profile Perl - am I hot or not?
6495 =item Allocate OPs from arenas
6497 =item Improve win32/wince.c
6499 =item Use secure CRT functions when building with VC8 on Win32
6501 =item strcat(), strcpy(), strncat(), strncpy(), sprintf(), vsprintf()
6503 =item -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2, -fstack-protector
6507 =item Tasks that need a knowledge of XS
6511 =item autovivification
6513 =item Unicode in Filenames
6515 =item Unicode in %ENV
6517 =item Unicode and glob()
6519 =item Unicode and lc/uc operators
6521 =item use less 'memory'
6523 =item Re-implement C<:unique> in a way that is actually thread-safe
6525 =item Make tainting consistent
6527 =item readpipe(LIST)
6529 =item Audit the code for destruction ordering assumptions
6531 =item Extend PerlIO and PerlIO::Scalar
6533 =item -C on the #! line
6535 =item Propagate const outwards from Perl_moreswitches()
6537 =item Duplicate logic in S_method_common() and
6538 Perl_gv_fetchmethod_autoload()
6540 =item Organize error messages
6544 =item Tasks that need a knowledge of the interpreter
6550 =item Properly Unicode safe tokeniser and pads.
6552 =item state variable initialization in list context
6554 =item Implement $value ~~ 0 .. $range
6556 =item A does() built-in
6558 =item Tied filehandles and write() don't mix
6560 =item Attach/detach debugger from running program
6562 =item Optimize away empty destructors
6564 =item LVALUE functions for lists
6566 =item LVALUE functions in the debugger
6568 =item regexp optimiser optional
6570 =item delete &function
6572 =item C</w> regex modifier
6574 =item optional optimizer
6576 =item You WANT *how* many
6578 =item lexical aliases
6580 =item entersub XS vs Perl
6584 =item Optimize away @_
6586 =item The yada yada yada operators
6588 =item Virtualize operating system access
6590 =item Investigate PADTMP hash pessimisation
6598 =item make ithreads more robust
6602 =item (?{...}) closures in regexps
6604 =item A re-entrant regexp engine
6606 =item Add class set operations to regexp engine
6612 =head2 perldoc - Look up Perl documentation in Pod format.
6622 B<-h>, B<-v>, B<-t>, B<-u>, B<-m> I<module>, B<-l>, B<-F>, B<-f>
6623 I<perlfunc>, B<-q> I<perlfaq-search-regexp>, B<-T>, B<-d>
6624 I<destination-filename>, B<-o> I<output-formatname>, B<-M> I<module-name>,
6625 B<-w> I<option:value> or B<-w> I<option>, B<-X>, B<-L> I<language_code>,
6626 B<PageName|ModuleName|ProgramName>, B<-n> I<some-formatter>, B<-r>, B<-i>,
6637 =head2 perlhist - the Perl history records
6645 =item THE KEEPERS OF THE PUMPKIN
6657 =item SELECTED RELEASE SIZES
6659 =item SELECTED PATCH SIZES
6663 =item THE KEEPERS OF THE RECORDS
6667 =head2 perldelta, perl5100delta - what is new for perl 5.10.0
6673 =item Core Enhancements
6677 =item The C<feature> pragma
6679 =item New B<-E> command-line switch
6681 =item Defined-or operator
6683 =item Switch and Smart Match operator
6685 =item Regular expressions
6687 Recursive Patterns, Named Capture Buffers, Possessive Quantifiers,
6688 Backtracking control verbs, Relative backreferences, C<\K> escape, Vertical
6689 and horizontal whitespace, and linebreak
6695 =item The C<_> prototype
6697 =item UNITCHECK blocks
6699 =item New Pragma, C<mro>
6701 =item readdir() may return a "short filename" on Windows
6703 =item readpipe() is now overridable
6705 =item Default argument for readline()
6707 =item state() variables
6709 =item Stacked filetest operators
6711 =item UNIVERSAL::DOES()
6715 =item Byte-order modifiers for pack() and unpack()
6719 =item C<chdir>, C<chmod> and C<chown> on filehandles
6723 =item Recursive sort subs
6725 =item Exceptions in constant folding
6727 =item Source filters in @INC
6729 =item New internal variables
6731 C<${^RE_DEBUG_FLAGS}>, C<${^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE}>, C<${^RE_TRIE_MAXBUF}>,
6732 C<${^WIN32_SLOPPY_STAT}>
6740 =item kill() on Windows
6744 =item Incompatible Changes
6748 =item Packing and UTF-8 strings
6750 =item Byte/character count feature in unpack()
6752 =item The C<$*> and C<$#> variables have been removed
6754 =item substr() lvalues are no longer fixed-length
6756 =item Parsing of C<-f _>
6760 =item Effect of pragmas in eval
6764 =item Handling of .pmc files
6766 =item $^V is now a C<version> object instead of a v-string
6768 =item @- and @+ in patterns
6770 =item $AUTOLOAD can now be tainted
6772 =item Tainting and printf
6774 =item undef and signal handlers
6776 =item strictures and dereferencing in defined()
6778 =item C<(?p{})> has been removed
6780 =item Pseudo-hashes have been removed
6782 =item Removal of the bytecode compiler and of perlcc
6784 =item Removal of the JPL
6786 =item Recursive inheritance detected earlier
6790 =item Modules and Pragmata
6794 =item Upgrading individual core modules
6796 =item Pragmata Changes
6798 C<feature>, C<mro>, Scoping of the C<sort> pragma, Scoping of C<bignum>,
6799 C<bigint>, C<bigrat>, C<base>, C<strict> and C<warnings>, C<version>,
6800 C<warnings>, C<less>
6804 =item Selected Changes to Core Modules
6806 C<Attribute::Handlers>, C<B::Lint>, C<B>, C<Thread>
6810 =item Utility Changes
6812 perl -d, ptar, ptardiff, shasum, corelist, h2ph and h2xs, perlivp,
6813 find2perl, config_data, cpanp, cpan2dist, pod2html
6815 =item New Documentation
6817 =item Performance Enhancements
6821 =item In-place sorting
6823 =item Lexical array access
6825 =item XS-assisted SWASHGET
6827 =item Constant subroutines
6829 =item C<PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV>
6831 =item Weak references are cheaper
6833 =item sort() enhancements
6835 =item Memory optimisations
6837 =item UTF-8 cache optimisation
6839 =item Sloppy stat on Windows
6841 =item Regular expressions optimisations
6843 Engine de-recursivised, Single char char-classes treated as literals, Trie
6844 optimisation of literal string alternations, Aho-Corasick start-point
6849 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
6853 =item Configuration improvements
6855 C<-Dusesitecustomize>, Relocatable installations, strlcat() and strlcpy(),
6856 C<d_pseudofork> and C<d_printf_format_null>, Configure help
6858 =item Compilation improvements
6860 Parallel build, Borland's compilers support, Static build on Windows,
6861 ppport.h files, C++ compatibility, Support for Microsoft 64-bit compiler,
6862 Visual C++, Win32 builds
6864 =item Installation improvements
6866 Module auxiliary files
6868 =item New Or Improved Platforms
6872 =item Selected Bug Fixes
6874 strictures in regexp-eval blocks, Calling CORE::require(), Subscripts of
6875 slices, C<no warnings 'category'> works correctly with -w, threads
6876 improvements, chr() and negative values, PERL5SHELL and tainting, Using
6877 *FILE{IO}, Overloading and reblessing, Overloading and UTF-8, eval memory
6878 leaks fixed, Random device on Windows, PERLIO_DEBUG, PerlIO::scalar and
6879 read-only scalars, study() and UTF-8, Critical signals, @INC-hook fix,
6880 C<-t> switch fix, Duping UTF-8 filehandles, Localisation of hash elements
6882 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
6884 Use of uninitialized value, Deprecated use of my() in false conditional,
6885 !=~ should be !~, Newline in left-justified string, Too late for "-T"
6886 option, "%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration,
6887 readdir()/closedir()/etc. attempted on invalid dirhandle, Opening
6888 dirhandle/filehandle %s also as a file/directory, Use of -P is deprecated,
6889 v-string in use/require is non-portable, perl -V
6891 =item Changed Internals
6895 =item Reordering of SVt_* constants
6897 =item Elimination of SVt_PVBM
6899 =item New type SVt_BIND
6901 =item Removal of CPP symbols
6903 =item Less space is used by ops
6907 =item Use of C<const>
6911 =item C<AvFLAGS> has been removed
6913 =item C<av_*> changes
6917 =item B:: modules inheritance changed
6919 =item Anonymous hash and array constructors
6923 =item Known Problems
6927 =item UTF-8 problems
6931 =item Platform Specific Problems
6933 =item Reporting Bugs
6939 =head2 perl5110delta, perldelta - what is new for perl v5.11.0
6945 =item Incompatible Changes
6947 =item Core Enhancements
6949 =item Modules and Pragmata
6951 =item Utility Changes
6955 =item Performance Enhancements
6957 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
6959 =item Selected Bug Fixes
6961 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
6963 =item Changed Internals
6965 =item Known Problems
6969 =item Platform Specific Problems
6973 =item Reporting Bugs
6979 =head2 perl5100delta - what is new for perl 5.10.0
6985 =item Core Enhancements
6989 =item The C<feature> pragma
6991 =item New B<-E> command-line switch
6993 =item Defined-or operator
6995 =item Switch and Smart Match operator
6997 =item Regular expressions
6999 Recursive Patterns, Named Capture Buffers, Possessive Quantifiers,
7000 Backtracking control verbs, Relative backreferences, C<\K> escape, Vertical
7001 and horizontal whitespace, and linebreak
7007 =item The C<_> prototype
7009 =item UNITCHECK blocks
7011 =item New Pragma, C<mro>
7013 =item readdir() may return a "short filename" on Windows
7015 =item readpipe() is now overridable
7017 =item Default argument for readline()
7019 =item state() variables
7021 =item Stacked filetest operators
7023 =item UNIVERSAL::DOES()
7027 =item Byte-order modifiers for pack() and unpack()
7031 =item C<chdir>, C<chmod> and C<chown> on filehandles
7035 =item Recursive sort subs
7037 =item Exceptions in constant folding
7039 =item Source filters in @INC
7041 =item New internal variables
7043 C<${^RE_DEBUG_FLAGS}>, C<${^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE}>, C<${^RE_TRIE_MAXBUF}>,
7044 C<${^WIN32_SLOPPY_STAT}>
7052 =item kill() on Windows
7056 =item Incompatible Changes
7060 =item Packing and UTF-8 strings
7062 =item Byte/character count feature in unpack()
7064 =item The C<$*> and C<$#> variables have been removed
7066 =item substr() lvalues are no longer fixed-length
7068 =item Parsing of C<-f _>
7072 =item Effect of pragmas in eval
7076 =item Handling of .pmc files
7078 =item $^V is now a C<version> object instead of a v-string
7080 =item @- and @+ in patterns
7082 =item $AUTOLOAD can now be tainted
7084 =item Tainting and printf
7086 =item undef and signal handlers
7088 =item strictures and dereferencing in defined()
7090 =item C<(?p{})> has been removed
7092 =item Pseudo-hashes have been removed
7094 =item Removal of the bytecode compiler and of perlcc
7096 =item Removal of the JPL
7098 =item Recursive inheritance detected earlier
7102 =item Modules and Pragmata
7106 =item Upgrading individual core modules
7108 =item Pragmata Changes
7110 C<feature>, C<mro>, Scoping of the C<sort> pragma, Scoping of C<bignum>,
7111 C<bigint>, C<bigrat>, C<base>, C<strict> and C<warnings>, C<version>,
7112 C<warnings>, C<less>
7116 =item Selected Changes to Core Modules
7118 C<Attribute::Handlers>, C<B::Lint>, C<B>, C<Thread>
7122 =item Utility Changes
7124 perl -d, ptar, ptardiff, shasum, corelist, h2ph and h2xs, perlivp,
7125 find2perl, config_data, cpanp, cpan2dist, pod2html
7127 =item New Documentation
7129 =item Performance Enhancements
7133 =item In-place sorting
7135 =item Lexical array access
7137 =item XS-assisted SWASHGET
7139 =item Constant subroutines
7141 =item C<PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV>
7143 =item Weak references are cheaper
7145 =item sort() enhancements
7147 =item Memory optimisations
7149 =item UTF-8 cache optimisation
7151 =item Sloppy stat on Windows
7153 =item Regular expressions optimisations
7155 Engine de-recursivised, Single char char-classes treated as literals, Trie
7156 optimisation of literal string alternations, Aho-Corasick start-point
7161 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
7165 =item Configuration improvements
7167 C<-Dusesitecustomize>, Relocatable installations, strlcat() and strlcpy(),
7168 C<d_pseudofork> and C<d_printf_format_null>, Configure help
7170 =item Compilation improvements
7172 Parallel build, Borland's compilers support, Static build on Windows,
7173 ppport.h files, C++ compatibility, Support for Microsoft 64-bit compiler,
7174 Visual C++, Win32 builds
7176 =item Installation improvements
7178 Module auxiliary files
7180 =item New Or Improved Platforms
7184 =item Selected Bug Fixes
7186 strictures in regexp-eval blocks, Calling CORE::require(), Subscripts of
7187 slices, C<no warnings 'category'> works correctly with -w, threads
7188 improvements, chr() and negative values, PERL5SHELL and tainting, Using
7189 *FILE{IO}, Overloading and reblessing, Overloading and UTF-8, eval memory
7190 leaks fixed, Random device on Windows, PERLIO_DEBUG, PerlIO::scalar and
7191 read-only scalars, study() and UTF-8, Critical signals, @INC-hook fix,
7192 C<-t> switch fix, Duping UTF-8 filehandles, Localisation of hash elements
7194 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
7196 Use of uninitialized value, Deprecated use of my() in false conditional,
7197 !=~ should be !~, Newline in left-justified string, Too late for "-T"
7198 option, "%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration,
7199 readdir()/closedir()/etc. attempted on invalid dirhandle, Opening
7200 dirhandle/filehandle %s also as a file/directory, Use of -P is deprecated,
7201 v-string in use/require is non-portable, perl -V
7203 =item Changed Internals
7207 =item Reordering of SVt_* constants
7209 =item Elimination of SVt_PVBM
7211 =item New type SVt_BIND
7213 =item Removal of CPP symbols
7215 =item Less space is used by ops
7219 =item Use of C<const>
7223 =item C<AvFLAGS> has been removed
7225 =item C<av_*> changes
7229 =item B:: modules inheritance changed
7231 =item Anonymous hash and array constructors
7235 =item Known Problems
7239 =item UTF-8 problems
7243 =item Platform Specific Problems
7245 =item Reporting Bugs
7251 =head2 perl595delta - what is new for perl v5.9.5
7257 =item Incompatible Changes
7261 =item Tainting and printf
7263 =item undef and signal handlers
7265 =item strictures and array/hash dereferencing in defined()
7267 =item C<(?p{})> has been removed
7269 =item Pseudo-hashes have been removed
7271 =item Removal of the bytecode compiler and of perlcc
7273 =item Removal of the JPL
7275 =item Recursive inheritance detected earlier
7279 =item Core Enhancements
7283 =item Regular expressions
7285 Recursive Patterns, Named Capture Buffers, Possessive Quantifiers,
7286 Backtracking control verbs, Relative backreferences, C<\K> escape, Vertical
7287 and horizontal whitespace, and linebreak
7289 =item The C<_> prototype
7291 =item UNITCHECK blocks
7293 =item readpipe() is now overridable
7295 =item default argument for readline()
7301 =item Implicit loading of C<feature>
7305 =item Modules and Pragmas
7309 =item New Pragma, C<mro>
7311 =item bignum, bigint, bigrat
7313 =item Math::BigInt/Math::BigFloat
7315 config(), import(), roundmode common, bpi(), bcos(), bsin(), batan(),
7316 batan2(), bmuladd(), bexp(), bnok(), from_hex(), from_oct(), and
7317 from_bin(), as_oct()
7319 =item New Core Modules
7321 =item Module changes
7323 C<assertions>, C<base>, C<strict> and C<warnings>, C<warnings>, C<less>,
7324 C<Attribute::Handlers>, C<B::Lint>, C<B>, C<Thread>
7328 =item Utility Changes
7344 =item New manpage, perlunifaq
7348 =item Performance Enhancements
7350 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
7354 =item C++ compatibility
7358 =item Static build on Win32
7362 =item C<d_pseudofork> and C<d_printf_format_null>
7372 =item Selected Bug Fixes
7374 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
7382 =item Changed Internals
7384 =item Known Problems
7388 =item Platform Specific Problems
7392 =item Reporting Bugs
7398 =head2 perl594delta - what is new for perl v5.9.4
7404 =item Incompatible Changes
7410 =item Handling of pmc files
7412 =item @- and @+ in patterns
7414 =item $AUTOLOAD can now be tainted
7418 =item Core Enhancements
7422 =item state() variables
7424 =item UNIVERSAL::DOES()
7426 =item Exceptions in constant folding
7428 =item Source filters in @INC
7434 =item Modules and Pragmas
7438 =item New Core Modules
7442 =item Utility Changes
7454 =item New manpage, perlpragma
7456 =item New manpage, perlreguts
7458 =item New manpage, perlunitut
7462 =item Performance Enhancements
7466 =item Memory optimisations
7468 =item UTF-8 cache optimisation
7470 =item Regular expressions
7472 Engine de-recursivised, Single char char-classes treated as literals, Trie
7473 optimisation of literal string alternations, Aho-Corasick start-point
7476 =item Sloppy stat on Windows
7480 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
7484 =item Relocatable installations
7488 =item Compilation improvements
7492 =item Windows build improvements
7494 Building XS extensions, Support for 64-bit compiler
7498 =item Selected Bug Fixes
7502 =item PERL5SHELL and tainting
7504 =item Using *FILE{IO}
7506 =item Overloading and reblessing
7508 =item Overloading and UTF-8
7510 =item eval memory leaks fixed
7512 =item Random device on Windows
7516 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
7518 State variable %s will be reinitialized
7520 =item Changed Internals
7522 =item Known Problems
7524 =item Reporting Bugs
7530 =head2 perl593delta - what is new for perl v5.9.3
7536 =item Incompatible Changes
7540 =item Parsing of C<-f _>
7544 =item Magic goto and eval
7546 =item C<$#> has been removed
7550 =item Scoping of the C<sort> pragma
7554 =item Core Enhancements
7558 =item The C<feature> pragma
7560 =item Switch and Smart Match operator
7564 =item C<CLONE_SKIP()>
7566 =item C<${^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE}>
7570 =item Unicode Character Database 4.1.0
7574 =item Recursive sort subs
7576 =item Effect of pragmas in eval
7578 =item New B<-E> command-line switch
7580 =item C<chdir>, C<chmod> and C<chown> on filehandles
7586 =item Modules and Pragmata
7590 =item New Core Modules
7594 =item Utility Changes
7604 =item C<h2xs> enhancements
7606 =item C<perlivp> enhancements
7618 =item Performance Enhancements
7622 =item XS-assisted SWASHGET
7624 =item Constant subroutines
7626 =item C<PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV>
7628 =item Weak references are cheaper
7630 =item sort() enhancements
7634 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
7638 =item Compilation improvements
7640 =item New Or Improved Platforms
7644 =item Module auxiliary files
7648 =item Selected Bug Fixes
7652 =item C<defined $$x>
7654 =item Calling CORE::require()
7656 =item Subscripts of slices
7658 =item Remove over-optimisation
7660 =item sprintf() fixes
7662 =item no warnings 'category' works correctly with -w
7666 =item More Unicode Fixes
7670 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
7674 =item Attempt to set length of freed array
7676 =item Non-string passed as bitmask
7678 =item Search pattern not terminated or ternary operator parsed as search
7681 =item "%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration
7683 =item readdir()/closedir()/etc. attempted on invalid dirhandle
7687 =item Changed Internals
7691 =item B:: modules inheritance changed
7695 =item Reporting Bugs
7701 =head2 perl592delta - what is new for perl v5.9.2
7707 =item Incompatible Changes
7711 =item Packing and UTF-8 strings
7717 =item Core Enhancements
7721 =item Malloc wrapping
7723 =item Unicode Character Database 4.0.1
7725 =item suidperl less insecure
7731 =item Unicode Character Classes
7733 =item Byte-order modifiers for pack() and unpack()
7735 =item Byte count feature in pack()
7741 =item Modules and Pragmata
7747 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
7749 B::Concise, Socket, Sys::Syslog, threads
7753 =item Utility Changes
7755 =item Performance Enhancements
7757 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
7759 =item Selected Bug Fixes
7761 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
7763 =item Changed Internals
7765 =item Known Problems
7767 =item Plans for the next release
7769 =item Reporting Bugs
7775 =head2 perl591delta - what is new for perl v5.9.1
7781 =item Incompatible Changes
7785 =item substr() lvalues are no longer fixed-length
7787 =item The C<:unique> attribute is only meaningful for globals
7791 =item Core Enhancements
7797 =item Tied hashes in scalar context
7801 =item Stacked filetest operators
7805 =item Modules and Pragmata
7807 Benchmark, Carp, Exporter, FindBin, List::Util, threads::shared
7809 =item Utility Changes
7813 =item Performance Enhancements
7815 =item Selected Bug Fixes
7821 =item Threading bugs
7827 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
7829 =item Changed Internals
7833 =item Reordering of SVt_* constants
7835 =item Removal of CPP symbols
7837 =item Less space is used by ops
7843 =item Configuration and Building
7845 =item Known Problems
7849 =item Platform Specific Problems
7853 =item To-do for perl 5.10.0
7855 =item Reporting Bugs
7861 =head2 perl590delta - what is new for perl v5.9.0
7867 =item Incompatible Changes
7871 =item Hash Randomisation
7873 =item UTF-8 On Filehandles No Longer Activated By Locale
7875 =item Single-number v-strings are no longer v-strings before "=>"
7877 =item (Win32) The -C Switch Has Been Repurposed
7879 =item (Win32) The /d Switch Of cmd.exe
7881 =item The C<$*> variable has been removed
7885 =item Core Enhancements
7891 =item Defined-or operators
7893 =item UTF-8 no longer default under UTF-8 locales
7895 =item Unsafe signals again available
7897 =item Tied Arrays with Negative Array Indices
7901 =item Unicode Character Database 4.0.0
7903 =item Miscellaneous Enhancements
7907 =item Modules and Pragmata
7911 =item Updated Modules And Pragmata
7913 base, B::Bytecode, B::Concise, B::Deparse, Benchmark, ByteLoader, bytes,
7914 CGI, charnames, CPAN, Data::Dumper, DB_File, Devel::PPPort, Digest::MD5,
7915 Encode, fields, libnet, Math::BigInt, MIME::Base64, NEXT, Net::Ping,
7916 PerlIO::scalar, podlators, Pod::LaTeX, PodParsers, Pod::Perldoc,
7917 Scalar::Util, Storable, strict, Term::ANSIcolor, Test::Harness, Test::More,
7918 Test::Simple, Text::Balanced, Time::HiRes, threads, threads::shared,
7919 Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Normalize, Win32::GetFolderPath,
7924 =item Utility Changes
7926 =item New Documentation
7928 =item Performance Enhancements
7930 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
7934 =item Platform-specific enhancements
7938 =item Selected Bug Fixes
7942 =item Closures, eval and lexicals
7946 =item Platform-specific fixes
7950 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
7954 =item Changed "A thread exited while %d threads were running"
7956 =item Removed "Attempt to clear a restricted hash"
7958 =item New "Illegal declaration of anonymous subroutine"
7960 =item Changed "Invalid range "%s" in transliteration operator"
7962 =item New "Missing control char name in \c"
7964 =item New "Newline in left-justified string for %s"
7966 =item New "Possible precedence problem on bitwise %c operator"
7968 =item New "read() on %s filehandle %s"
7970 =item New "Tied variable freed while still in use"
7972 =item New "To%s: illegal mapping '%s'"
7974 =item New "Use of freed value in iteration"
7978 =item Changed Internals
7982 =item Known Problems
7986 =item Tied hashes in scalar context
7988 =item Net::Ping 450_service and 510_ping_udp failures
7994 =item Platform Specific Problems
7998 =item EBCDIC Platforms
8000 =item Cygwin 1.5 problems
8002 =item HP-UX: HP cc warnings about sendfile and sendpath
8004 =item IRIX: t/uni/tr_7jis.t falsely failing
8006 =item Mac OS X: no usemymalloc
8008 =item Tru64: No threaded builds with GNU cc (gcc)
8010 =item Win32: sysopen, sysread, syswrite
8016 =item Reporting Bugs
8022 =head2 perl588delta - what is new for perl v5.8.8
8028 =item Incompatible Changes
8030 =item Core Enhancements
8032 =item Modules and Pragmata
8034 =item Utility Changes
8038 =item C<h2xs> enhancements
8040 =item C<perlivp> enhancements
8044 =item New Documentation
8046 =item Performance Enhancements
8048 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
8050 =item Selected Bug Fixes
8054 =item no warnings 'category' works correctly with -w
8056 =item Remove over-optimisation
8058 =item sprintf() fixes
8060 =item Debugger and Unicode slowdown
8066 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
8070 =item Attempt to set length of freed array
8072 =item Non-string passed as bitmask
8074 =item Search pattern not terminated or ternary operator parsed as search
8079 =item Changed Internals
8081 =item Platform Specific Problems
8083 =item Reporting Bugs
8089 =head2 perl587delta - what is new for perl v5.8.7
8095 =item Incompatible Changes
8097 =item Core Enhancements
8101 =item Unicode Character Database 4.1.0
8103 =item suidperl less insecure
8105 =item Optional site customization script
8107 =item C<Config.pm> is now much smaller.
8111 =item Modules and Pragmata
8113 =item Utility Changes
8117 =item find2perl enhancements
8121 =item Performance Enhancements
8123 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
8125 =item Selected Bug Fixes
8127 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
8129 =item Changed Internals
8131 =item Known Problems
8133 =item Platform Specific Problems
8135 =item Reporting Bugs
8141 =head2 perl586delta - what is new for perl v5.8.6
8147 =item Incompatible Changes
8149 =item Core Enhancements
8151 =item Modules and Pragmata
8153 =item Utility Changes
8155 =item Performance Enhancements
8157 =item Selected Bug Fixes
8159 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
8161 =item Changed Internals
8165 =item Reporting Bugs
8171 =head2 perl585delta - what is new for perl v5.8.5
8177 =item Incompatible Changes
8179 =item Core Enhancements
8181 =item Modules and Pragmata
8183 =item Utility Changes
8187 =item Perl's debugger
8193 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
8195 =item Selected Bug Fixes
8197 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
8199 =item Changed Internals
8201 =item Known Problems
8203 =item Platform Specific Problems
8205 =item Reporting Bugs
8211 =head2 perl584delta - what is new for perl v5.8.4
8217 =item Incompatible Changes
8219 =item Core Enhancements
8223 =item Malloc wrapping
8225 =item Unicode Character Database 4.0.1
8227 =item suidperl less insecure
8233 =item Modules and Pragmata
8237 =item Updated modules
8239 Attribute::Handlers, B, Benchmark, CGI, Carp, Cwd, Exporter, File::Find,
8240 IO, IPC::Open3, Local::Maketext, Math::BigFloat, Math::BigInt,
8241 Math::BigRat, MIME::Base64, ODBM_File, POSIX, Shell, Socket, Storable,
8242 Switch, Sys::Syslog, Term::ANSIColor, Time::HiRes, Unicode::UCD, Win32,
8243 base, open, threads, utf8
8247 =item Performance Enhancements
8249 =item Utility Changes
8251 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
8253 =item Selected Bug Fixes
8255 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
8257 =item Changed Internals
8259 =item Future Directions
8261 =item Platform Specific Problems
8263 =item Reporting Bugs
8269 =head2 perl583delta - what is new for perl v5.8.3
8275 =item Incompatible Changes
8277 =item Core Enhancements
8279 =item Modules and Pragmata
8281 CGI, Cwd, Digest, Digest::MD5, Encode, File::Spec, FindBin, List::Util,
8282 Math::BigInt, PodParser, Pod::Perldoc, POSIX, Unicode::Collate,
8283 Unicode::Normalize, Test::Harness, threads::shared
8285 =item Utility Changes
8287 =item New Documentation
8289 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
8291 =item Selected Bug Fixes
8293 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
8295 =item Changed Internals
8297 =item Configuration and Building
8299 =item Platform Specific Problems
8301 =item Known Problems
8303 =item Future Directions
8307 =item Reporting Bugs
8313 =head2 perl582delta - what is new for perl v5.8.2
8319 =item Incompatible Changes
8321 =item Core Enhancements
8325 =item Hash Randomisation
8331 =item Modules and Pragmata
8335 =item Updated Modules And Pragmata
8337 Devel::PPPort, Digest::MD5, I18N::LangTags, libnet, MIME::Base64,
8338 Pod::Perldoc, strict, Tie::Hash, Time::HiRes, Unicode::Collate,
8339 Unicode::Normalize, UNIVERSAL
8343 =item Selected Bug Fixes
8345 =item Changed Internals
8347 =item Platform Specific Problems
8349 =item Future Directions
8351 =item Reporting Bugs
8357 =head2 perl581delta - what is new for perl v5.8.1
8363 =item Incompatible Changes
8367 =item Hash Randomisation
8369 =item UTF-8 On Filehandles No Longer Activated By Locale
8371 =item Single-number v-strings are no longer v-strings before "=>"
8373 =item (Win32) The -C Switch Has Been Repurposed
8375 =item (Win32) The /d Switch Of cmd.exe
8379 =item Core Enhancements
8383 =item UTF-8 no longer default under UTF-8 locales
8385 =item Unsafe signals again available
8387 =item Tied Arrays with Negative Array Indices
8391 =item Unicode Character Database 4.0.0
8393 =item Deprecation Warnings
8395 =item Miscellaneous Enhancements
8399 =item Modules and Pragmata
8403 =item Updated Modules And Pragmata
8405 base, B::Bytecode, B::Concise, B::Deparse, Benchmark, ByteLoader, bytes,
8406 CGI, charnames, CPAN, Data::Dumper, DB_File, Devel::PPPort, Digest::MD5,
8407 Encode, fields, libnet, Math::BigInt, MIME::Base64, NEXT, Net::Ping,
8408 PerlIO::scalar, podlators, Pod::LaTeX, PodParsers, Pod::Perldoc,
8409 Scalar::Util, Storable, strict, Term::ANSIcolor, Test::Harness, Test::More,
8410 Test::Simple, Text::Balanced, Time::HiRes, threads, threads::shared,
8411 Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Normalize, Win32::GetFolderPath,
8416 =item Utility Changes
8418 =item New Documentation
8420 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
8424 =item Platform-specific enhancements
8428 =item Selected Bug Fixes
8432 =item Closures, eval and lexicals
8436 =item Platform-specific fixes
8440 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
8444 =item Changed "A thread exited while %d threads were running"
8446 =item Removed "Attempt to clear a restricted hash"
8448 =item New "Illegal declaration of anonymous subroutine"
8450 =item Changed "Invalid range "%s" in transliteration operator"
8452 =item New "Missing control char name in \c"
8454 =item New "Newline in left-justified string for %s"
8456 =item New "Possible precedence problem on bitwise %c operator"
8458 =item New "Pseudo-hashes are deprecated"
8460 =item New "read() on %s filehandle %s"
8462 =item New "5.005 threads are deprecated"
8464 =item New "Tied variable freed while still in use"
8466 =item New "To%s: illegal mapping '%s'"
8468 =item New "Use of freed value in iteration"
8472 =item Changed Internals
8476 =item Known Problems
8480 =item Tied hashes in scalar context
8482 =item Net::Ping 450_service and 510_ping_udp failures
8488 =item Platform Specific Problems
8492 =item EBCDIC Platforms
8494 =item Cygwin 1.5 problems
8496 =item HP-UX: HP cc warnings about sendfile and sendpath
8498 =item IRIX: t/uni/tr_7jis.t falsely failing
8500 =item Mac OS X: no usemymalloc
8502 =item Tru64: No threaded builds with GNU cc (gcc)
8504 =item Win32: sysopen, sysread, syswrite
8508 =item Future Directions
8510 =item Reporting Bugs
8516 =head2 perl58delta - what is new for perl v5.8.0
8522 =item Highlights In 5.8.0
8524 =item Incompatible Changes
8528 =item Binary Incompatibility
8530 =item 64-bit platforms and malloc
8532 =item AIX Dynaloading
8534 =item Attributes for C<my> variables now handled at run-time
8536 =item Socket Extension Dynamic in VMS
8538 =item IEEE-format Floating Point Default on OpenVMS Alpha
8540 =item New Unicode Semantics (no more C<use utf8>, almost)
8542 =item New Unicode Properties
8544 =item REF(...) Instead Of SCALAR(...)
8546 =item pack/unpack D/F recycled
8548 =item glob() now returns filenames in alphabetical order
8554 =item Core Enhancements
8558 =item Unicode Overhaul
8560 =item PerlIO is Now The Default
8564 =item Restricted Hashes
8568 =item Understanding of Numbers
8570 =item Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings [561]
8572 =item Miscellaneous Changes
8576 =item Modules and Pragmata
8580 =item New Modules and Pragmata
8582 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
8586 =item Utility Changes
8588 =item New Documentation
8590 =item Performance Enhancements
8592 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
8596 =item Generic Improvements
8598 =item New Or Improved Platforms
8602 =item Selected Bug Fixes
8606 =item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
8610 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
8612 =item Changed Internals
8614 =item Security Vulnerability Closed [561]
8618 =item Known Problems
8622 =item The Compiler Suite Is Still Very Experimental
8624 =item Localising Tied Arrays and Hashes Is Broken
8626 =item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
8628 =item Modifying $_ Inside for(..)
8630 =item mod_perl 1.26 Doesn't Build With Threaded Perl
8632 =item lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
8634 =item libwww-perl (LWP) fails base/date #51
8636 =item PDL failing some tests
8640 =item Self-tying Problems
8642 =item ext/threads/t/libc
8644 =item Failure of Thread (5.005-style) tests
8646 =item Timing problems
8648 =item Tied/Magical Array/Hash Elements Do Not Autovivify
8650 =item Unicode in package/class and subroutine names does not work
8654 =item Platform Specific Problems
8660 =item Alpha systems with old gccs fail several tests
8666 =item Cygwin "unable to remap"
8668 =item Cygwin ndbm tests fail on FAT
8670 =item DJGPP Failures
8672 =item FreeBSD built with ithreads coredumps reading large directories
8674 =item FreeBSD Failing locale Test 117 For ISO 8859-15 Locales
8676 =item IRIX fails ext/List/Util/t/shuffle.t or Digest::MD5
8678 =item HP-UX lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails When LP64-Configured
8680 =item Linux with glibc 2.2.5 fails t/op/int subtest #6 with -Duse64bitint
8682 =item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
8686 =item Mac OS X dyld undefined symbols
8688 =item OS/2 Test Failures
8690 =item op/sprintf tests 91, 129, and 130
8696 =item Solaris x86 Fails Tests With -Duse64bitint
8698 =item SUPER-UX (NEC SX)
8700 =item Term::ReadKey not working on Win32
8712 =item XML::Parser not working
8716 =item Unicode Support on EBCDIC Still Spotty
8718 =item Seen In Perl 5.7 But Gone Now
8722 =item Reporting Bugs
8730 =head2 perl573delta - what's new for perl v5.7.3
8738 =item Reporting Bugs
8746 =head2 perl572delta - what's new for perl v5.7.2
8752 =item Security Vulnerability Closed
8754 =item Incompatible Changes
8758 =item 64-bit platforms and malloc
8760 =item AIX Dynaloading
8762 =item Socket Extension Dynamic in VMS
8764 =item Different Definition of the Unicode Character Classes \p{In...}
8770 =item Core Enhancements
8772 =item Modules and Pragmata
8776 =item New Modules and Distributions
8778 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
8782 =item Utility Changes
8784 =item New Documentation
8786 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
8790 =item New Or Improved Platforms
8792 =item Generic Improvements
8796 =item Selected Bug Fixes
8800 =item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
8804 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
8806 =item Source Code Enhancements
8810 =item MAGIC constants
8812 =item Better commented code
8814 =item Regex pre-/post-compilation items matched up
8822 =item Known Problems
8828 =item Amiga Perl Invoking Mystery
8830 =item lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
8832 =item Cygwin intermittent failures of lib/Memoize/t/expire_file 11 and 12
8834 =item HP-UX lib/io_multihomed Fails When LP64-Configured
8836 =item HP-UX lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails When LP64-Configured
8838 =item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
8842 =item op/sprintf tests 129 and 130
8844 =item Failure of Thread tests
8854 =item Localising a Tied Variable Leaks Memory
8856 =item Self-tying of Arrays and Hashes Is Forbidden
8858 =item Variable Attributes are not Currently Usable for Tieing
8860 =item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
8862 =item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental
8864 =item The Long Double Support is Still Experimental
8868 =item Reporting Bugs
8876 =head2 perl571delta - what's new for perl v5.7.1
8882 =item Security Vulnerability Closed
8884 =item Incompatible Changes
8886 =item Core Enhancements
8890 =item AUTOLOAD Is Now Lvaluable
8892 =item PerlIO is Now The Default
8894 =item Signals Are Now Safe
8898 =item Modules and Pragmata
8904 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
8908 =item Performance Enhancements
8910 =item Utility Changes
8912 =item New Documentation
8928 =item README.solaris
8932 =item Porting/repository.pod
8936 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
8940 =item New Or Improved Platforms
8942 =item Generic Improvements
8944 d_cmsghdr, d_fcntl_can_lock, d_fsync, d_getitimer, d_getpagsz, d_msghdr_s,
8945 need_va_copy, d_readv, d_recvmsg, d_sendmsg, sig_size, d_sockatmark,
8946 d_strtoq, d_u32align, d_ualarm, d_usleep
8950 =item Selected Bug Fixes
8954 =item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
8958 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
8960 =item Changed Internals
8964 =item Known Problems
8968 =item AIX vac 5.0.0.0 May Produce Buggy Code For Perl
8970 =item lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
8972 =item lib/io_multihomed Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
8974 =item Test lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
8978 =item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
8980 =item sigaction test 13 in VMS
8982 =item sprintf tests 129 and 130
8984 =item Failure of Thread tests
8986 =item Localising a Tied Variable Leaks Memory
8988 =item Self-tying of Arrays and Hashes Is Forbidden
8990 =item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
8992 =item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental
8996 =item Reporting Bugs
9004 =head2 perl570delta - what's new for perl v5.7.0
9010 =item Security Vulnerability Closed
9012 =item Incompatible Changes
9014 =item Core Enhancements
9016 =item Modules and Pragmata
9022 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
9026 =item Utility Changes
9028 =item New Documentation
9030 =item Performance Enhancements
9032 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
9036 =item Generic Improvements
9040 =item Selected Bug Fixes
9044 =item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
9048 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
9050 =item Changed Internals
9052 =item Known Problems
9056 =item Unicode Support Still Far From Perfect
9058 =item EBCDIC Still A Lost Platform
9060 =item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
9062 =item ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
9064 =item Test lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
9066 =item Long Doubles Still Don't Work In Solaris
9068 =item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
9070 =item Storable tests fail in some platforms
9072 =item Threads Are Still Experimental
9074 =item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental
9078 =item Reporting Bugs
9086 =head2 perl561delta - what's new for perl v5.6.x
9092 =item Summary of changes between 5.6.0 and 5.6.1
9096 =item Security Issues
9098 =item Core bug fixes
9100 C<UNIVERSAL::isa()>, Memory leaks, Numeric conversions, qw(a\\b), caller(),
9101 Bugs in regular expressions, "slurp" mode, Autovivification of symbolic
9102 references to special variables, Lexical warnings, Spurious warnings and
9103 errors, glob(), Tainting, sort(), #line directives, Subroutine prototypes,
9104 map(), Debugger, PERL5OPT, chop(), Unicode support, 64-bit support,
9105 Compiler, Lvalue subroutines, IO::Socket, File::Find, xsubpp, C<no
9110 =item Configuration issues
9114 =item Bundled modules
9116 B::Concise, File::Temp, Pod::LaTeX, Pod::Text::Overstrike, CGI, CPAN,
9117 Class::Struct, DB_File, Devel::Peek, File::Find, Getopt::Long, IO::Poll,
9118 IPC::Open3, Math::BigFloat, Math::Complex, Net::Ping, Opcode, Pod::Parser,
9119 Pod::Text, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Tie::RefHash, Tie::SubstrHash
9121 =item Platform-specific improvements
9123 NCR MP-RAS, NonStop-UX
9127 =item Core Enhancements
9131 =item Interpreter cloning, threads, and concurrency
9133 =item Lexically scoped warning categories
9135 =item Unicode and UTF-8 support
9137 =item Support for interpolating named characters
9139 =item "our" declarations
9141 =item Support for strings represented as a vector of ordinals
9143 =item Improved Perl version numbering system
9145 =item New syntax for declaring subroutine attributes
9147 =item File and directory handles can be autovivified
9149 =item open() with more than two arguments
9151 =item 64-bit support
9153 =item Large file support
9159 =item Enhanced support for sort() subroutines
9161 =item C<sort $coderef @foo> allowed
9163 =item File globbing implemented internally
9165 =item Support for CHECK blocks
9167 =item POSIX character class syntax [: :] supported
9169 =item Better pseudo-random number generator
9171 =item Improved C<qw//> operator
9173 =item Better worst-case behavior of hashes
9175 =item pack() format 'Z' supported
9177 =item pack() format modifier '!' supported
9179 =item pack() and unpack() support counted strings
9181 =item Comments in pack() templates
9183 =item Weak references
9185 =item Binary numbers supported
9187 =item Lvalue subroutines
9189 =item Some arrows may be omitted in calls through references
9191 =item Boolean assignment operators are legal lvalues
9193 =item exists() is supported on subroutine names
9195 =item exists() and delete() are supported on array elements
9197 =item Pseudo-hashes work better
9199 =item Automatic flushing of output buffers
9201 =item Better diagnostics on meaningless filehandle operations
9203 =item Where possible, buffered data discarded from duped input filehandle
9205 =item eof() has the same old magic as <>
9207 =item binmode() can be used to set :crlf and :raw modes
9209 =item C<-T> filetest recognizes UTF-8 encoded files as "text"
9211 =item system(), backticks and pipe open now reflect exec() failure
9213 =item Improved diagnostics
9215 =item Diagnostics follow STDERR
9217 =item More consistent close-on-exec behavior
9219 =item syswrite() ease-of-use
9221 =item Better syntax checks on parenthesized unary operators
9223 =item Bit operators support full native integer width
9225 =item Improved security features
9227 =item More functional bareword prototype (*)
9229 =item C<require> and C<do> may be overridden
9231 =item $^X variables may now have names longer than one character
9233 =item New variable $^C reflects C<-c> switch
9235 =item New variable $^V contains Perl version as a string
9237 =item Optional Y2K warnings
9239 =item Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings
9241 =item @- and @+ provide starting/ending offsets of regex submatches
9245 =item Modules and Pragmata
9251 attributes, B, Benchmark, ByteLoader, constant, charnames, Data::Dumper,
9252 DB, DB_File, Devel::DProf, Devel::Peek, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, English,
9253 Env, Fcntl, File::Compare, File::Find, File::Glob, File::Spec,
9254 File::Spec::Functions, Getopt::Long, IO, JPL, lib, Math::BigInt,
9255 Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Pod::Parser, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Checker,
9256 podchecker, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Find, Pod::Select, podselect, Pod::Usage,
9257 pod2usage, Pod::Text and Pod::Man, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Sys::Hostname,
9258 Term::ANSIColor, Time::Local, Win32, XSLoader, DBM Filters
9264 =item Utility Changes
9278 =item The Perl Debugger
9282 =item Improved Documentation
9284 perlapi.pod, perlboot.pod, perlcompile.pod, perldbmfilter.pod,
9285 perldebug.pod, perldebguts.pod, perlfork.pod, perlfilter.pod, perlhack.pod,
9286 perlintern.pod, perllexwarn.pod, perlnumber.pod, perlopentut.pod,
9287 perlreftut.pod, perltootc.pod, perltodo.pod, perlunicode.pod
9289 =item Performance enhancements
9293 =item Simple sort() using { $a <=> $b } and the like are optimized
9295 =item Optimized assignments to lexical variables
9297 =item Faster subroutine calls
9299 =item delete(), each(), values() and hash iteration are faster
9303 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
9307 =item -Dusethreads means something different
9309 =item New Configure flags
9311 =item Threadedness and 64-bitness now more daring
9317 =item -Duselargefiles
9319 =item installusrbinperl
9325 =item Enhanced Installation Directories
9327 =item gcc automatically tried if 'cc' does not seem to be working
9331 =item Platform specific changes
9335 =item Supported platforms
9339 =item OS390 (OpenEdition MVS)
9347 =item Significant bug fixes
9351 =item <HANDLE> on empty files
9353 =item C<eval '...'> improvements
9355 =item All compilation errors are true errors
9357 =item Implicitly closed filehandles are safer
9359 =item Behavior of list slices is more consistent
9361 =item C<(\$)> prototype and C<$foo{a}>
9363 =item C<goto &sub> and AUTOLOAD
9365 =item C<-bareword> allowed under C<use integer>
9367 =item Failures in DESTROY()
9369 =item Locale bugs fixed
9373 =item Spurious subroutine stubs after failed subroutine calls
9375 =item Taint failures under C<-U>
9377 =item END blocks and the C<-c> switch
9379 =item Potential to leak DATA filehandles
9383 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
9385 "%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same %s, "my sub" not yet
9386 implemented, "our" variable %s redeclared, '!' allowed only after types %s,
9387 / cannot take a count, / must be followed by a, A or Z, / must be followed
9388 by a*, A* or Z*, / must follow a numeric type, /%s/: Unrecognized escape
9389 \\%c passed through, /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c in character class
9390 passed through, /%s/ should probably be written as "%s", %s() called too
9391 early to check prototype, %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element, %s
9392 argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or slice, %s argument is not a
9393 subroutine name, %s package attribute may clash with future reserved word:
9394 %s, (in cleanup) %s, <> should be quotes, Attempt to join self, Bad evalled
9395 substitution pattern, Bad realloc() ignored, Bareword found in conditional,
9396 Binary number > 0b11111111111111111111111111111111 non-portable, Bit vector
9397 size > 32 non-portable, Buffer overflow in prime_env_iter: %s, Can't check
9398 filesystem of script "%s", Can't declare class for non-scalar %s in "%s",
9399 Can't declare %s in "%s", Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default,
9400 Can't modify non-lvalue subroutine call, Can't read CRTL environ, Can't
9401 remove %s: %s, skipping file, Can't return %s from lvalue subroutine, Can't
9402 weaken a nonreference, Character class [:%s:] unknown, Character class
9403 syntax [%s] belongs inside character classes, Constant is not %s reference,
9404 constant(%s): %s, CORE::%s is not a keyword, defined(@array) is deprecated,
9405 defined(%hash) is deprecated, Did not produce a valid header, (Did you mean
9406 "local" instead of "our"?), Document contains no data, entering effective
9407 %s failed, false [] range "%s" in regexp, Filehandle %s opened only for
9408 output, flock() on closed filehandle %s, Global symbol "%s" requires
9409 explicit package name, Hexadecimal number > 0xffffffff non-portable,
9410 Ill-formed CRTL environ value "%s", Ill-formed message in prime_env_iter:
9411 |%s|, Illegal binary digit %s, Illegal binary digit %s ignored, Illegal
9412 number of bits in vec, Integer overflow in %s number, Invalid %s attribute:
9413 %s, Invalid %s attributes: %s, invalid [] range "%s" in regexp, Invalid
9414 separator character %s in attribute list, Invalid separator character %s in
9415 subroutine attribute list, leaving effective %s failed, Lvalue subs
9416 returning %s not implemented yet, Method %s not permitted, Missing
9417 %sbrace%s on \N{}, Missing command in piped open, Missing name in "my sub",
9418 No %s specified for -%c, No package name allowed for variable %s in "our",
9419 No space allowed after -%c, no UTC offset information; assuming local time
9420 is UTC, Octal number > 037777777777 non-portable, panic: del_backref,
9421 panic: kid popen errno read, panic: magic_killbackrefs, Parentheses missing
9422 around "%s" list, Possible unintended interpolation of %s in string,
9423 Possible Y2K bug: %s, pragma "attrs" is deprecated, use "sub NAME : ATTRS"
9424 instead, Premature end of script headers, Repeat count in pack overflows,
9425 Repeat count in unpack overflows, realloc() of freed memory ignored,
9426 Reference is already weak, setpgrp can't take arguments, Strange *+?{} on
9427 zero-length expression, switching effective %s is not implemented, This
9428 Perl can't reset CRTL environ elements (%s), This Perl can't set CRTL
9429 environ elements (%s=%s), Too late to run %s block, Unknown open() mode
9430 '%s', Unknown process %x sent message to prime_env_iter: %s, Unrecognized
9431 escape \\%c passed through, Unterminated attribute parameter in attribute
9432 list, Unterminated attribute list, Unterminated attribute parameter in
9433 subroutine attribute list, Unterminated subroutine attribute list, Value of
9434 CLI symbol "%s" too long, Version number must be a constant number
9438 =item Incompatible Changes
9442 =item Perl Source Incompatibilities
9444 CHECK is a new keyword, Treatment of list slices of undef has changed,
9445 Format of $English::PERL_VERSION is different, Literals of the form
9446 C<1.2.3> parse differently, Possibly changed pseudo-random number
9447 generator, Hashing function for hash keys has changed, C<undef> fails on
9448 read only values, Close-on-exec bit may be set on pipe and socket handles,
9449 Writing C<"$$1"> to mean C<"${$}1"> is unsupported, delete(), each(),
9450 values() and C<\(%h)>, vec(EXPR,OFFSET,BITS) enforces powers-of-two BITS,
9451 Text of some diagnostic output has changed, C<%@> has been removed,
9452 Parenthesized not() behaves like a list operator, Semantics of bareword
9453 prototype C<(*)> have changed, Semantics of bit operators may have changed
9454 on 64-bit platforms, More builtins taint their results
9456 =item C Source Incompatibilities
9458 C<PERL_POLLUTE>, C<PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT>, C<PERL_POLLUTE_MALLOC>
9460 =item Compatible C Source API Changes
9462 C<PATCHLEVEL> is now C<PERL_VERSION>
9464 =item Binary Incompatibilities
9468 =item Known Problems
9472 =item Localizing a tied hash element may leak memory
9474 =item Known test failures
9476 =item EBCDIC platforms not fully supported
9478 =item UNICOS/mk CC failures during Configure run
9480 =item Arrow operator and arrays
9482 =item Experimental features
9484 Threads, Unicode, 64-bit support, Lvalue subroutines, Weak references, The
9485 pseudo-hash data type, The Compiler suite, Internal implementation of file
9486 globbing, The DB module, The regular expression code constructs:
9490 =item Obsolete Diagnostics
9492 Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Ill-formed
9493 logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter, In string, @%s now must be written as
9494 \@%s, Probable precedence problem on %s, regexp too big, Use of "$$<digit>"
9495 to mean "${$}<digit>" is deprecated
9497 =item Reporting Bugs
9505 =head2 perl56delta - what's new for perl v5.6.0
9511 =item Core Enhancements
9515 =item Interpreter cloning, threads, and concurrency
9517 =item Lexically scoped warning categories
9519 =item Unicode and UTF-8 support
9521 =item Support for interpolating named characters
9523 =item "our" declarations
9525 =item Support for strings represented as a vector of ordinals
9527 =item Improved Perl version numbering system
9529 =item New syntax for declaring subroutine attributes
9531 =item File and directory handles can be autovivified
9533 =item open() with more than two arguments
9535 =item 64-bit support
9537 =item Large file support
9543 =item Enhanced support for sort() subroutines
9545 =item C<sort $coderef @foo> allowed
9547 =item File globbing implemented internally
9549 =item Support for CHECK blocks
9551 =item POSIX character class syntax [: :] supported
9553 =item Better pseudo-random number generator
9555 =item Improved C<qw//> operator
9557 =item Better worst-case behavior of hashes
9559 =item pack() format 'Z' supported
9561 =item pack() format modifier '!' supported
9563 =item pack() and unpack() support counted strings
9565 =item Comments in pack() templates
9567 =item Weak references
9569 =item Binary numbers supported
9571 =item Lvalue subroutines
9573 =item Some arrows may be omitted in calls through references
9575 =item Boolean assignment operators are legal lvalues
9577 =item exists() is supported on subroutine names
9579 =item exists() and delete() are supported on array elements
9581 =item Pseudo-hashes work better
9583 =item Automatic flushing of output buffers
9585 =item Better diagnostics on meaningless filehandle operations
9587 =item Where possible, buffered data discarded from duped input filehandle
9589 =item eof() has the same old magic as <>
9591 =item binmode() can be used to set :crlf and :raw modes
9593 =item C<-T> filetest recognizes UTF-8 encoded files as "text"
9595 =item system(), backticks and pipe open now reflect exec() failure
9597 =item Improved diagnostics
9599 =item Diagnostics follow STDERR
9601 =item More consistent close-on-exec behavior
9603 =item syswrite() ease-of-use
9605 =item Better syntax checks on parenthesized unary operators
9607 =item Bit operators support full native integer width
9609 =item Improved security features
9611 =item More functional bareword prototype (*)
9613 =item C<require> and C<do> may be overridden
9615 =item $^X variables may now have names longer than one character
9617 =item New variable $^C reflects C<-c> switch
9619 =item New variable $^V contains Perl version as a string
9621 =item Optional Y2K warnings
9623 =item Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings
9625 =item @- and @+ provide starting/ending offsets of regex matches
9629 =item Modules and Pragmata
9635 attributes, B, Benchmark, ByteLoader, constant, charnames, Data::Dumper,
9636 DB, DB_File, Devel::DProf, Devel::Peek, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, English,
9637 Env, Fcntl, File::Compare, File::Find, File::Glob, File::Spec,
9638 File::Spec::Functions, Getopt::Long, IO, JPL, lib, Math::BigInt,
9639 Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Pod::Parser, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Checker,
9640 podchecker, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Find, Pod::Select, podselect, Pod::Usage,
9641 pod2usage, Pod::Text and Pod::Man, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Sys::Hostname,
9642 Term::ANSIColor, Time::Local, Win32, XSLoader, DBM Filters
9648 =item Utility Changes
9662 =item The Perl Debugger
9666 =item Improved Documentation
9668 perlapi.pod, perlboot.pod, perlcompile.pod, perldbmfilter.pod,
9669 perldebug.pod, perldebguts.pod, perlfork.pod, perlfilter.pod, perlhack.pod,
9670 perlintern.pod, perllexwarn.pod, perlnumber.pod, perlopentut.pod,
9671 perlreftut.pod, perltootc.pod, perltodo.pod, perlunicode.pod
9673 =item Performance enhancements
9677 =item Simple sort() using { $a <=> $b } and the like are optimized
9679 =item Optimized assignments to lexical variables
9681 =item Faster subroutine calls
9683 =item delete(), each(), values() and hash iteration are faster
9687 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
9691 =item -Dusethreads means something different
9693 =item New Configure flags
9695 =item Threadedness and 64-bitness now more daring
9701 =item -Duselargefiles
9703 =item installusrbinperl
9709 =item Enhanced Installation Directories
9713 =item Platform specific changes
9717 =item Supported platforms
9721 =item OS390 (OpenEdition MVS)
9729 =item Significant bug fixes
9733 =item <HANDLE> on empty files
9735 =item C<eval '...'> improvements
9737 =item All compilation errors are true errors
9739 =item Implicitly closed filehandles are safer
9741 =item Behavior of list slices is more consistent
9743 =item C<(\$)> prototype and C<$foo{a}>
9745 =item C<goto &sub> and AUTOLOAD
9747 =item C<-bareword> allowed under C<use integer>
9749 =item Failures in DESTROY()
9751 =item Locale bugs fixed
9755 =item Spurious subroutine stubs after failed subroutine calls
9757 =item Taint failures under C<-U>
9759 =item END blocks and the C<-c> switch
9761 =item Potential to leak DATA filehandles
9765 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
9767 "%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same %s, "my sub" not yet
9768 implemented, "our" variable %s redeclared, '!' allowed only after types %s,
9769 / cannot take a count, / must be followed by a, A or Z, / must be followed
9770 by a*, A* or Z*, / must follow a numeric type, /%s/: Unrecognized escape
9771 \\%c passed through, /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c in character class
9772 passed through, /%s/ should probably be written as "%s", %s() called too
9773 early to check prototype, %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element, %s
9774 argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or slice, %s argument is not a
9775 subroutine name, %s package attribute may clash with future reserved word:
9776 %s, (in cleanup) %s, <> should be quotes, Attempt to join self, Bad evalled
9777 substitution pattern, Bad realloc() ignored, Bareword found in conditional,
9778 Binary number > 0b11111111111111111111111111111111 non-portable, Bit vector
9779 size > 32 non-portable, Buffer overflow in prime_env_iter: %s, Can't check
9780 filesystem of script "%s", Can't declare class for non-scalar %s in "%s",
9781 Can't declare %s in "%s", Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default,
9782 Can't modify non-lvalue subroutine call, Can't read CRTL environ, Can't
9783 remove %s: %s, skipping file, Can't return %s from lvalue subroutine, Can't
9784 weaken a nonreference, Character class [:%s:] unknown, Character class
9785 syntax [%s] belongs inside character classes, Constant is not %s reference,
9786 constant(%s): %s, CORE::%s is not a keyword, defined(@array) is deprecated,
9787 defined(%hash) is deprecated, Did not produce a valid header, (Did you mean
9788 "local" instead of "our"?), Document contains no data, entering effective
9789 %s failed, false [] range "%s" in regexp, Filehandle %s opened only for
9790 output, flock() on closed filehandle %s, Global symbol "%s" requires
9791 explicit package name, Hexadecimal number > 0xffffffff non-portable,
9792 Ill-formed CRTL environ value "%s", Ill-formed message in prime_env_iter:
9793 |%s|, Illegal binary digit %s, Illegal binary digit %s ignored, Illegal
9794 number of bits in vec, Integer overflow in %s number, Invalid %s attribute:
9795 %s, Invalid %s attributes: %s, invalid [] range "%s" in regexp, Invalid
9796 separator character %s in attribute list, Invalid separator character %s in
9797 subroutine attribute list, leaving effective %s failed, Lvalue subs
9798 returning %s not implemented yet, Method %s not permitted, Missing
9799 %sbrace%s on \N{}, Missing command in piped open, Missing name in "my sub",
9800 No %s specified for -%c, No package name allowed for variable %s in "our",
9801 No space allowed after -%c, no UTC offset information; assuming local time
9802 is UTC, Octal number > 037777777777 non-portable, panic: del_backref,
9803 panic: kid popen errno read, panic: magic_killbackrefs, Parentheses missing
9804 around "%s" list, Possible unintended interpolation of %s in string,
9805 Possible Y2K bug: %s, pragma "attrs" is deprecated, use "sub NAME : ATTRS"
9806 instead, Premature end of script headers, Repeat count in pack overflows,
9807 Repeat count in unpack overflows, realloc() of freed memory ignored,
9808 Reference is already weak, setpgrp can't take arguments, Strange *+?{} on
9809 zero-length expression, switching effective %s is not implemented, This
9810 Perl can't reset CRTL environ elements (%s), This Perl can't set CRTL
9811 environ elements (%s=%s), Too late to run %s block, Unknown open() mode
9812 '%s', Unknown process %x sent message to prime_env_iter: %s, Unrecognized
9813 escape \\%c passed through, Unterminated attribute parameter in attribute
9814 list, Unterminated attribute list, Unterminated attribute parameter in
9815 subroutine attribute list, Unterminated subroutine attribute list, Value of
9816 CLI symbol "%s" too long, Version number must be a constant number
9820 =item Incompatible Changes
9824 =item Perl Source Incompatibilities
9826 CHECK is a new keyword, Treatment of list slices of undef has changed,
9827 Format of $English::PERL_VERSION is different, Literals of the form
9828 C<1.2.3> parse differently, Possibly changed pseudo-random number
9829 generator, Hashing function for hash keys has changed, C<undef> fails on
9830 read only values, Close-on-exec bit may be set on pipe and socket handles,
9831 Writing C<"$$1"> to mean C<"${$}1"> is unsupported, delete(), each(),
9832 values() and C<\(%h)>, vec(EXPR,OFFSET,BITS) enforces powers-of-two BITS,
9833 Text of some diagnostic output has changed, C<%@> has been removed,
9834 Parenthesized not() behaves like a list operator, Semantics of bareword
9835 prototype C<(*)> have changed, Semantics of bit operators may have changed
9836 on 64-bit platforms, More builtins taint their results
9838 =item C Source Incompatibilities
9840 C<PERL_POLLUTE>, C<PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT>, C<PERL_POLLUTE_MALLOC>
9842 =item Compatible C Source API Changes
9844 C<PATCHLEVEL> is now C<PERL_VERSION>
9846 =item Binary Incompatibilities
9850 =item Known Problems
9854 =item Thread test failures
9856 =item EBCDIC platforms not supported
9858 =item In 64-bit HP-UX the lib/io_multihomed test may hang
9860 =item NEXTSTEP 3.3 POSIX test failure
9862 =item Tru64 (aka Digital UNIX, aka DEC OSF/1) lib/sdbm test failure with
9865 =item UNICOS/mk CC failures during Configure run
9867 =item Arrow operator and arrays
9869 =item Experimental features
9871 Threads, Unicode, 64-bit support, Lvalue subroutines, Weak references, The
9872 pseudo-hash data type, The Compiler suite, Internal implementation of file
9873 globbing, The DB module, The regular expression code constructs:
9877 =item Obsolete Diagnostics
9879 Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Ill-formed
9880 logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter, In string, @%s now must be written as
9881 \@%s, Probable precedence problem on %s, regexp too big, Use of "$$<digit>"
9882 to mean "${$}<digit>" is deprecated
9884 =item Reporting Bugs
9892 =head2 perl5005delta - what's new for perl5.005
9898 =item About the new versioning system
9900 =item Incompatible Changes
9904 =item WARNING: This version is not binary compatible with Perl 5.004.
9906 =item Default installation structure has changed
9908 =item Perl Source Compatibility
9910 =item C Source Compatibility
9912 =item Binary Compatibility
9914 =item Security fixes may affect compatibility
9916 =item Relaxed new mandatory warnings introduced in 5.004
9930 =item Regular Expressions
9932 Many new and improved optimizations, Many bug fixes, New regular expression
9933 constructs, New operator for precompiled regular expressions, Other
9934 improvements, Incompatible changes
9936 =item Improved malloc()
9938 =item Quicksort is internally implemented
9940 =item Reliable signals
9942 =item Reliable stack pointers
9944 =item More generous treatment of carriage returns
9948 =item Better support for multiple interpreters
9950 =item Behavior of local() on array and hash elements is now well-defined
9952 =item C<%!> is transparently tied to the L<Errno> module
9954 =item Pseudo-hashes are supported
9956 =item C<EXPR foreach EXPR> is supported
9958 =item Keywords can be globally overridden
9960 =item C<$^E> is meaningful on Win32
9962 =item C<foreach (1..1000000)> optimized
9964 =item C<Foo::> can be used as implicitly quoted package name
9966 =item C<exists $Foo::{Bar::}> tests existence of a package
9968 =item Better locale support
9970 =item Experimental support for 64-bit platforms
9972 =item prototype() returns useful results on builtins
9974 =item Extended support for exception handling
9976 =item Re-blessing in DESTROY() supported for chaining DESTROY() methods
9978 =item All C<printf> format conversions are handled internally
9980 =item New C<INIT> keyword
9982 =item New C<lock> keyword
9984 =item New C<qr//> operator
9986 =item C<our> is now a reserved word
9988 =item Tied arrays are now fully supported
9990 =item Tied handles support is better
9992 =item 4th argument to substr
9994 =item Negative LENGTH argument to splice
9996 =item Magic lvalues are now more magical
9998 =item <> now reads in records
10002 =item Supported Platforms
10006 =item New Platforms
10008 =item Changes in existing support
10012 =item Modules and Pragmata
10018 B, Data::Dumper, Dumpvalue, Errno, File::Spec, ExtUtils::Installed,
10019 ExtUtils::Packlist, Fatal, IPC::SysV, Test, Tie::Array, Tie::Handle,
10020 Thread, attrs, fields, re
10022 =item Changes in existing modules
10024 Benchmark, Carp, CGI, Fcntl, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, POSIX, DB_File,
10025 MakeMaker, CPAN, Cwd
10029 =item Utility Changes
10031 =item Documentation Changes
10033 =item New Diagnostics
10035 Ambiguous call resolved as CORE::%s(), qualify as such or use &, Bad index
10036 while coercing array into hash, Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent
10037 package, Can't call method "%s" on an undefined value, Can't check
10038 filesystem of script "%s" for nosuid, Can't coerce array into hash, Can't
10039 goto subroutine from an eval-string, Can't localize pseudo-hash element,
10040 Can't use %%! because Errno.pm is not available, Cannot find an opnumber
10041 for "%s", Character class syntax [. .] is reserved for future extensions,
10042 Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Character
10043 class syntax [= =] is reserved for future extensions, %s: Eval-group in
10044 insecure regular expression, %s: Eval-group not allowed, use re 'eval', %s:
10045 Eval-group not allowed at run time, Explicit blessing to '' (assuming
10046 package main), Illegal hex digit ignored, No such array field, No such
10047 field "%s" in variable %s of type %s, Out of memory during ridiculously
10048 large request, Range iterator outside integer range, Recursive inheritance
10049 detected while looking for method '%s' %s, Reference found where even-sized
10050 list expected, Undefined value assigned to typeglob, Use of reserved word
10051 "%s" is deprecated, perl: warning: Setting locale failed
10053 =item Obsolete Diagnostics
10055 Can't mktemp(), Can't write to temp file for B<-e>: %s, Cannot open
10056 temporary file, regexp too big
10058 =item Configuration Changes
10068 =head2 perl5004delta - what's new for perl5.004
10074 =item Supported Environments
10080 =item List assignment to %ENV works
10082 =item Change to "Can't locate Foo.pm in @INC" error
10084 =item Compilation option: Binary compatibility with 5.003
10086 =item $PERL5OPT environment variable
10088 =item Limitations on B<-M>, B<-m>, and B<-T> options
10090 =item More precise warnings
10092 =item Deprecated: Inherited C<AUTOLOAD> for non-methods
10094 =item Previously deprecated %OVERLOAD is no longer usable
10096 =item Subroutine arguments created only when they're modified
10098 =item Group vector changeable with C<$)>
10100 =item Fixed parsing of $$<digit>, &$<digit>, etc.
10102 =item Fixed localization of $<digit>, $&, etc.
10104 =item No resetting of $. on implicit close
10106 =item C<wantarray> may return undef
10108 =item C<eval EXPR> determines value of EXPR in scalar context
10110 =item Changes to tainting checks
10112 No glob() or <*>, No spawning if tainted $CDPATH, $ENV, $BASH_ENV, No
10113 spawning if tainted $TERM doesn't look like a terminal name
10115 =item New Opcode module and revised Safe module
10117 =item Embedding improvements
10119 =item Internal change: FileHandle class based on IO::* classes
10121 =item Internal change: PerlIO abstraction interface
10123 =item New and changed syntax
10127 =item New and changed builtin constants
10131 =item New and changed builtin variables
10135 =item New and changed builtin functions
10137 delete on slices, flock, printf and sprintf, keys as an lvalue, my() in
10138 Control Structures, pack() and unpack(), sysseek(), use VERSION, use Module
10139 VERSION LIST, prototype(FUNCTION), srand, $_ as Default, C<m//gc> does not
10140 reset search position on failure, C<m//x> ignores whitespace before ?*+{},
10141 nested C<sub{}> closures work now, formats work right on changing lexicals
10143 =item New builtin methods
10145 isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] )
10147 =item TIEHANDLE now supported
10149 TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this, LIST, READ this
10150 LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, DESTROY this
10152 =item Malloc enhancements
10154 -DPERL_EMERGENCY_SBRK, -DPACK_MALLOC, -DTWO_POT_OPTIMIZE
10156 =item Miscellaneous efficiency enhancements
10160 =item Support for More Operating Systems
10176 use autouse MODULE => qw(sub1 sub2 sub3), use blib, use blib 'dir', use
10177 constant NAME => VALUE, use locale, use ops, use vmsish
10183 =item Required Updates
10185 =item Installation directories
10187 =item Module information summary
10193 =item Math::Complex
10201 =item Object-oriented overrides for builtin operators
10205 =item Utility Changes
10211 Sends converted HTML to standard output
10215 C<void> XSUBs now default to returning nothing
10219 =item C Language API Changes
10221 C<gv_fetchmethod> and C<perl_call_sv>, C<perl_eval_pv>, Extended API for
10222 manipulating hashes
10224 =item Documentation Changes
10226 L<perldelta>, L<perlfaq>, L<perllocale>, L<perltoot>, L<perlapio>,
10227 L<perlmodlib>, L<perldebug>, L<perlsec>
10229 =item New Diagnostics
10231 "my" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same scope, %s argument is
10232 not a HASH element or slice, Allocation too large: %lx, Allocation too
10233 large, Applying %s to %s will act on scalar(%s), Attempt to free
10234 nonexistent shared string, Attempt to use reference as lvalue in substr,
10235 Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent package, Can't redefine active sort
10236 subroutine %s, Can't use bareword ("%s") as %s ref while "strict refs" in
10237 use, Cannot resolve method `%s' overloading `%s' in package `%s', Constant
10238 subroutine %s redefined, Constant subroutine %s undefined, Copy method did
10239 not return a reference, Died, Exiting pseudo-block via %s, Identifier too
10240 long, Illegal character %s (carriage return), Illegal switch in PERL5OPT:
10241 %s, Integer overflow in hex number, Integer overflow in octal number,
10242 internal error: glob failed, Invalid conversion in %s: "%s", Invalid type
10243 in pack: '%s', Invalid type in unpack: '%s', Name "%s::%s" used only once:
10244 possible typo, Null picture in formline, Offset outside string, Out of
10245 memory!, Out of memory during request for %s, panic: frexp, Possible
10246 attempt to put comments in qw() list, Possible attempt to separate words
10247 with commas, Scalar value @%s{%s} better written as $%s{%s}, Stub found
10248 while resolving method `%s' overloading `%s' in %s, Too late for "B<-T>"
10249 option, untie attempted while %d inner references still exist, Unrecognized
10250 character %s, Unsupported function fork, Use of "$$<digit>" to mean
10251 "${$}<digit>" is deprecated, Value of %s can be "0"; test with defined(),
10252 Variable "%s" may be unavailable, Variable "%s" will not stay shared,
10253 Warning: something's wrong, Ill-formed logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter,
10254 Got an error from DosAllocMem, Malformed PERLLIB_PREFIX, PERL_SH_DIR too
10255 long, Process terminated by SIG%s
10265 =head2 perlartistic - the Perl Artistic License
10273 =item The "Artistic License"
10281 "Package", "Standard Version", "Copyright Holder", "You", "Reasonable
10282 copying fee", "Freely Available"
10286 a), b), c), d), a), b), c), d)
10292 =head2 perlgpl - the GNU General Public License, version 2
10304 =item GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
10308 =head2 perlaix, README.aix - Perl version 5 on IBM Unix (AIX) systems
10316 =item Compiling Perl 5 on AIX
10320 =item Building Dynamic Extensions on AIX
10322 =item The IBM ANSI C Compiler
10324 =item The usenm option
10326 =item Using GNU's gcc for building perl
10328 =item Using Large Files with Perl
10330 =item Threaded Perl
10334 =item AIX 4.2 and extensions using C++ with statics
10344 =head2 perlamiga - Perl under Amiga OS
10360 =item Prerequisites for Compiling Perl on AmigaOS
10362 B<Unix emulation for AmigaOS: ixemul.library>, B<Version of Amiga OS>
10364 =item Starting Perl programs under AmigaOS
10366 =item Shortcomings of Perl under AmigaOS
10372 =item Accessing documentation
10376 =item Manpages for Perl on AmigaOS
10378 =item Perl HTML Documentation on AmigaOS
10380 =item Perl GNU Info Files on AmigaOS
10382 =item Perl LaTeX Documentation on AmigaOS
10386 =item BUILDING PERL ON AMIGAOS
10390 =item Build Prerequisites for Perl on AmigaOS
10392 =item Getting the Perl Source for AmigaOS
10394 =item Making Perl on AmigaOS
10396 =item Testing Perl on AmigaOS
10398 =item Installing the built Perl on AmigaOS
10402 =item PERL 5.8.0 BROKEN IN AMIGAOS
10410 =head2 perlapollo, README.apollo - Perl version 5 on Apollo DomainOS
10420 =head2 perlbeos, README.beos - Perl version 5.8+ on BeOS
10426 =item BUILD AND INSTALL
10440 =item KNOWN PROBLEMS
10446 =head2 perlbs2000, README.BS2000 - building and installing Perl for BS2000.
10456 =item gzip on BS2000
10458 =item bison on BS2000
10460 =item Unpacking Perl Distribution on BS2000
10462 =item Compiling Perl on BS2000
10464 =item Testing Perl on BS2000
10466 =item Installing Perl on BS2000
10468 =item Using Perl in the Posix-Shell of BS2000
10470 =item Using Perl in "native" BS2000
10472 =item Floating point anomalies on BS2000
10474 =item Using PerlIO and different encodings on ASCII and EBCDIC partitions
10492 =head2 perlce - Perl for WinCE
10496 =item Building Perl for WinCE
10502 =item General explanations on cross-compiling WinCE
10506 Microsoft Embedded Visual Tools, Microsoft Visual C++, Rainer Keuchel's
10507 celib-sources, Rainer Keuchel's console-sources, go to C<./win32>
10508 subdirectory, edit file C<./win32/ce-helpers/compile.bat>, run
10509 compile.bat, run compile.bat dist
10513 =item Using Perl on WinCE
10523 PERL5LIB, PATH, TMP, UNIXROOTPATH, ROWS/COLS, HOME, CONSOLEFONTSIZE
10535 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
10537 =item History of WinCE port
10541 Rainer Keuchel <coyxc@rainer-keuchel.de>, Vadim Konovalov
10545 =head2 perlcygwin, README.cygwin - Perl for Cygwin
10551 =item PREREQUISITES FOR COMPILING PERL ON CYGWIN
10555 =item Cygwin = GNU+Cygnus+Windows (Don't leave UNIX without it)
10557 =item Cygwin Configuration
10559 C<PATH>, I<nroff>, Permissions
10563 =item CONFIGURE PERL ON CYGWIN
10567 =item Stripping Perl Binaries on Cygwin
10569 =item Optional Libraries for Perl on Cygwin
10571 C<-lcrypt>, C<-lgdbm_compat> (C<use GDBM_File>), C<-ldb> (C<use DB_File>),
10572 C<cygserver> (C<use IPC::SysV>), C<-lutil>
10574 =item Configure-time Options for Perl on Cygwin
10576 C<-Uusedl>, C<-Uusemymalloc>, C<-Uuseperlio>, C<-Dusemultiplicity>,
10577 C<-Duse64bitint>, C<-Duselongdouble>, C<-Dusethreads>, C<-Duselargefiles>,
10580 =item Suspicious Warnings on Cygwin
10582 Win9x and C<d_eofnblk>, Compiler/Preprocessor defines
10586 =item MAKE ON CYGWIN
10588 =item TEST ON CYGWIN
10592 =item File Permissions on Cygwin
10594 =item NDBM_File and ODBM_File do not work on FAT filesystems
10596 =item C<fork()> failures in io_* tests
10600 =item Specific features of the Cygwin port
10604 =item Script Portability on Cygwin
10606 Pathnames, Text/Binary, PerlIO, F<.exe>, Cygwin vs. Windows process ids,
10607 Cygwin vs. Windows errors, C<chown()>, Miscellaneous
10609 =item Prebuilt methods:
10611 C<Cwd::cwd>, C<Cygwin::pid_to_winpid>, C<Cygwin::winpid_to_pid>,
10612 C<Cygwin::win_to_posix_path>, C<Cygwin::posix_to_win_path>,
10613 C<Cygwin::mount_table()>, C<Cygwin::mount_flags>, C<Cygwin::is_binmount>
10617 =item INSTALL PERL ON CYGWIN
10619 =item MANIFEST ON CYGWIN
10621 Documentation, Build, Configure, Make, Install, Tests, Compiled Perl
10622 Source, Compiled Module Source, Perl Modules/Scripts, Perl Module Tests
10624 =item BUGS ON CYGWIN
10632 =head2 perldgux - Perl under DG/UX.
10644 =item BUILDING PERL ON DG/UX
10648 =item Non-threaded Perl on DG/UX
10650 =item Threaded Perl on DG/UX
10652 =item Testing Perl on DG/UX
10654 =item Installing the built perl on DG/UX
10664 =head2 perldos - Perl under DOS, W31, W95.
10674 =item Prerequisites for Compiling Perl on DOS
10678 =item Shortcomings of Perl under DOS
10680 =item Building Perl on DOS
10682 =item Testing Perl on DOS
10684 =item Installation of Perl on DOS
10688 =item BUILDING AND INSTALLING MODULES ON DOS
10692 =item Building Prerequisites for Perl on DOS
10694 =item Unpacking CPAN Modules on DOS
10696 =item Building Non-XS Modules on DOS
10698 =item Building XS Modules on DOS
10708 =head2 perlepoc, README.epoc - Perl for EPOC
10716 =item INSTALLING PERL ON EPOC
10718 =item STARTING PERL ON EPOC
10722 =item Editors on Epoc
10724 =item Features of Perl on Epoc
10726 =item Restrictions of Perl on Epoc
10728 =item Compiling Perl 5 on the EPOC cross compiling environment
10732 =item SUPPORT STATUS OF PERL ON EPOC
10740 =head2 perlfreebsd, README.freebsd - Perl version 5 on FreeBSD systems
10748 =item FreeBSD core dumps from readdir_r with ithreads
10750 =item $^X doesn't always contain a full path in FreeBSD
10752 =item Perl will no longer be part of "base FreeBSD"
10760 =head2 perlhpux, README.hpux - Perl version 5 on Hewlett-Packard Unix
10769 =item Using perl as shipped with HP-UX
10771 =item Using perl from HP's porting centre
10773 =item Compiling Perl 5 on HP-UX
10777 =item Portability Between PA-RISC Versions
10785 =item Itanium Processor Family (IPF) and HP-UX
10787 =item Itanium, Itanium 2 & Madison 6
10789 =item Building Dynamic Extensions on HP-UX
10791 =item The HP ANSI C Compiler
10793 =item The GNU C Compiler
10795 =item Using Large Files with Perl on HP-UX
10797 =item Threaded Perl on HP-UX
10799 =item 64-bit Perl on HP-UX
10801 =item Oracle on HP-UX
10803 =item GDBM and Threads on HP-UX
10805 =item NFS filesystems and utime(2) on HP-UX
10807 =item perl -P and // and HP-UX
10809 =item HP-UX Kernel Parameters (maxdsiz) for Compiling Perl
10813 =item nss_delete core dump from op/pwent or op/grent
10815 =item Miscellaneous
10823 =head2 perlhurd, README.hurd - Perl version 5 on Hurd
10831 =item Known Problems with Perl on Hurd
10839 =head2 perlirix, README.irix - Perl version 5 on Irix systems
10847 =item Building 32-bit Perl in Irix
10849 =item Building 64-bit Perl in Irix
10851 =item About Compiler Versions of Irix
10853 =item Linker Problems in Irix
10855 =item Malloc in Irix
10857 =item Building with threads in Irix
10867 =head2 perllinux, README.linux - Perl version 5 on Linux systems
10875 =item Experimental Support for Sun Studio Compilers for Linux OS
10883 =head2 perlmachten, README.machten - Perl version 5 on Power MachTen
10892 =item Perl version 5.8.x and greater not supported
10894 =item Compiling Perl 5.6.x on MachTen
10896 =item Failures during C<make test> on MachTen
10898 op/lexassign.t, pragma/warnings.t
10900 =item Building external modules on MachTen
10910 =head2 perlmacos, README.macos - Perl under Mac OS (Classic)
10924 =head2 perlmacosx, README.macosx - Perl under Mac OS X
10934 =item Installation Prefix
10938 =item Universal Binary support
10940 =item 64-bit PPC support
10942 =item libperl and Prebinding
10944 =item Updating Apple's Perl
10946 =item Known problems
10956 =item Starting From Scratch
10964 =head2 perlmint, README.mint - Perl version 5 on Atari MiNT
10970 =item Known problems with Perl on MiNT
10976 =head2 perlmpeix, README.mpeix - Perl/iX for HP e3000 MPE
10984 =item Binary distribution from HP
10986 =item What's New in Perl for MPE/iX
10988 =item Welcome to Perl/iX
10990 =item System Requirements for Perl/iX
10992 =item How to Obtain Perl/iX
10994 =item Perl/iX Distribution Contents Highlights
10996 README, INSTALL, LIBSHP3K, PERL, .cpan/, lib/, man/,
10997 public_html/feedback.cgi, src/perl-5.6.0-mpe
10999 =item How to Compile Perl/iX
11003 =item Getting Started with Perl/iX
11005 =item MPE/iX Implementation Considerations
11007 =item Known Perl/iX Bugs Under Investigation
11009 =item Perl/iX To-Do List
11011 =item Perl/iX Change History
11017 =head2 perlnetware - Perl for NetWare
11031 SetNWBld.bat, Buildtype.bat
11043 =item BUILD NEW EXTENSIONS
11045 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
11053 =head2 perlopenbsd, README.openbsd - Perl version 5 on OpenBSD systems
11061 =item OpenBSD core dumps from getprotobyname_r and getservbyname_r with
11070 =head2 perlos2 - Perl under OS/2, DOS, Win0.3*, Win0.95 and WinNT.
11088 =item Prerequisites
11090 EMX, RSX, HPFS, pdksh
11092 =item Starting Perl programs under OS/2 (and DOS and...)
11094 =item Starting OS/2 (and DOS) programs under Perl
11098 =item Frequently asked questions
11102 =item "It does not work"
11104 =item I cannot run external programs
11106 =item I cannot embed perl into my program, or use F<perl.dll> from my
11109 Is your program EMX-compiled with C<-Zmt -Zcrtdll>?, Did you use
11110 L<ExtUtils::Embed>?
11112 =item C<``> and pipe-C<open> do not work under DOS.
11114 =item Cannot start C<find.exe "pattern" file>
11122 =item Automatic binary installation
11124 C<PERL_BADLANG>, C<PERL_BADFREE>, F<Config.pm>
11126 =item Manual binary installation
11128 Perl VIO and PM executables (dynamically linked), Perl_ VIO executable
11129 (statically linked), Executables for Perl utilities, Main Perl library,
11130 Additional Perl modules, Tools to compile Perl modules, Manpages for Perl
11131 and utilities, Manpages for Perl modules, Source for Perl documentation,
11132 Perl manual in F<.INF> format, Pdksh
11138 =item Accessing documentation
11142 =item OS/2 F<.INF> file
11150 =item GNU C<info> files
11154 =item C<LaTeX> docs
11162 =item The short story
11164 =item Prerequisites
11166 =item Getting perl source
11168 =item Application of the patches
11176 A lot of C<bad free>, Process terminated by SIGTERM/SIGINT, F<op/fs.t>,
11179 =item Installing the built perl
11181 =item C<a.out>-style build
11185 =item Building a binary distribution
11187 =item Building custom F<.EXE> files
11191 =item Making executables with a custom collection of statically loaded
11194 =item Making executables with a custom search-paths
11202 =item Some C</> became C<\> in pdksh.
11204 =item C<'errno'> - unresolved external
11206 =item Problems with tr or sed
11208 =item Some problem (forget which ;-)
11210 =item Library ... not found
11212 =item Segfault in make
11214 =item op/sprintf test failure
11218 =item Specific (mis)features of OS/2 port
11222 =item C<setpriority>, C<getpriority>
11226 =item C<extproc> on the first line
11228 =item Additional modules:
11230 =item Prebuilt methods:
11232 C<File::Copy::syscopy>, C<DynaLoader::mod2fname>, C<Cwd::current_drive()>,
11233 C<Cwd::sys_chdir(name)>, C<Cwd::change_drive(name)>,
11234 C<Cwd::sys_is_absolute(name)>, C<Cwd::sys_is_rooted(name)>,
11235 C<Cwd::sys_is_relative(name)>, C<Cwd::sys_cwd(name)>,
11236 C<Cwd::sys_abspath(name, dir)>, C<Cwd::extLibpath([type])>,
11237 C<Cwd::extLibpath_set( path [, type ] )>,
11238 C<OS2::Error(do_harderror,do_exception)>, C<OS2::Errors2Drive(drive)>,
11239 OS2::SysInfo(), OS2::BootDrive(), C<OS2::MorphPM(serve)>,
11240 C<OS2::UnMorphPM(serve)>, C<OS2::Serve_Messages(force)>,
11241 C<OS2::Process_Messages(force [, cnt])>, C<OS2::_control87(new,mask)>,
11242 OS2::get_control87(), C<OS2::set_control87_em(new=MCW_EM,mask=MCW_EM)>,
11243 C<OS2::DLLname([how [, \&xsub]])>
11245 =item Prebuilt variables:
11247 $OS2::emx_rev, $OS2::emx_env, $OS2::os_ver, $OS2::is_aout, $OS2::can_fork,
11252 =item Modifications
11254 C<popen>, C<tmpnam>, C<tmpfile>, C<ctermid>, C<stat>, C<mkdir>, C<rmdir>,
11257 =item Identifying DLLs
11259 =item Centralized management of resources
11261 C<HAB>, C<HMQ>, Treating errors reported by OS/2 API,
11262 C<CheckOSError(expr)>, C<CheckWinError(expr)>, C<SaveWinError(expr)>,
11263 C<SaveCroakWinError(expr,die,name1,name2)>, C<WinError_2_Perl_rc>,
11264 C<FillWinError>, C<FillOSError(rc)>, Loading DLLs and ordinals in DLLs
11276 =item F<perl__.exe>
11278 =item F<perl___.exe>
11280 =item Why strange names?
11282 =item Why dynamic linking?
11284 =item Why chimera build?
11292 =item C<PERLLIB_PREFIX>
11294 =item C<PERL_BADLANG>
11296 =item C<PERL_BADFREE>
11298 =item C<PERL_SH_DIR>
11300 =item C<USE_PERL_FLOCK>
11302 =item C<TMP> or C<TEMP>
11310 =item Text-mode filehandles
11314 =item DLL name mangling: pre 5.6.2
11316 =item DLL name mangling: 5.6.2 and beyond
11318 Global DLLs, specific DLLs, C<BEGINLIBPATH> and C<ENDLIBPATH>, F<.> from
11321 =item DLL forwarder generation
11325 =item Calls to external programs
11327 =item Memory allocation
11331 C<COND_WAIT>, F<os2.c>
11347 =head2 perlos390, README.os390 - building and installing Perl for OS/390
11360 =item Unpacking Perl distribution on OS/390
11362 =item Setup and utilities for Perl on OS/390
11364 =item Configure Perl on OS/390
11366 =item Build, Test, Install Perl on OS/390
11368 =item Build Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
11370 =item Testing Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
11372 =item Installation Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
11374 =item Usage Hints for Perl on OS/390
11376 =item Floating Point Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
11378 =item Modules and Extensions for Perl on OS/390
11388 =item Mailing list for Perl on OS/390
11396 =head2 perlos400, README.os400 - Perl version 5 on OS/400
11404 =item Compiling Perl for OS/400 PASE
11406 =item Installing Perl in OS/400 PASE
11408 =item Using Perl in OS/400 PASE
11410 =item Known Problems
11420 =head2 perlplan9 - Plan 9-specific documentation for Perl
11428 =item Invoking Perl
11430 =item What's in Plan 9 Perl
11432 =item What's not in Plan 9 Perl
11434 =item Perl5 Functions not currently supported in Plan 9 Perl
11436 =item Signals in Plan 9 Perl
11440 =item COMPILING AND INSTALLING PERL ON PLAN 9
11444 =item Installing Perl Documentation on Plan 9
11450 =item Revision date
11456 =head2 perlqnx, README.qnx - Perl version 5 on QNX
11464 =item Required Software for Compiling Perl on QNX4
11466 /bin/sh, ar, nm, cpp, make
11468 =item Outstanding Issues with Perl on QNX4
11470 =item QNX auxiliary files
11474 =item Outstanding issues with perl under QNX6
11482 =head2 perlriscos, README.riscos - Perl version 5 for RISC OS
11494 =head2 perlsolaris, README.solaris - Perl version 5 on Solaris systems
11502 =item Solaris Version Numbers.
11508 Solaris FAQ, Precompiled Binaries, Solaris Documentation
11514 =item File Extraction Problems on Solaris.
11516 =item Compiler and Related Tools on Solaris.
11518 =item Environment for Compiling perl on Solaris
11522 =item RUN CONFIGURE.
11526 =item 64-bit perl on Solaris.
11528 =item Threads in perl on Solaris.
11530 =item Malloc Issues with perl on Solaris.
11534 =item MAKE PROBLEMS.
11536 Dynamic Loading Problems With GNU as and GNU ld, ld.so.1: ./perl: fatal:
11537 relocation error:, dlopen: stub interception failed, #error "No
11538 DATAMODEL_NATIVE specified", sh: ar: not found
11544 =item op/stat.t test 4 in Solaris
11546 =item nss_delete core dump from op/pwent or op/grent
11550 =item PREBUILT BINARIES OF PERL FOR SOLARIS.
11552 =item RUNTIME ISSUES FOR PERL ON SOLARIS.
11556 =item Limits on Numbers of Open Files on Solaris.
11560 =item SOLARIS-SPECIFIC MODULES.
11562 =item SOLARIS-SPECIFIC PROBLEMS WITH MODULES.
11566 =item Proc::ProcessTable on Solaris
11568 =item BSD::Resource on Solaris
11570 =item Net::SSLeay on Solaris
11580 =head2 perlsymbian, README.symbian - Perl version 5 on Symbian OS
11588 =item Compiling Perl on Symbian
11590 =item Compilation problems
11596 =item Using Perl in Symbian
11616 =head2 perltru64, README.tru64 - Perl version 5 on Tru64 (formerly known as
11617 Digital UNIX formerly known as DEC OSF/1) systems
11625 =item Compiling Perl 5 on Tru64
11627 =item Using Large Files with Perl on Tru64
11629 =item Threaded Perl on Tru64
11631 =item Long Doubles on Tru64
11633 =item DB_File tests failing on Tru64
11635 =item 64-bit Perl on Tru64
11637 =item Warnings about floating-point overflow when compiling Perl on Tru64
11641 =item Testing Perl on Tru64
11643 =item ext/ODBM_File/odbm Test Failing With Static Builds
11645 =item Perl Fails Because Of Unresolved Symbol sockatmark
11651 =head2 perluts - Perl under UTS
11659 =item BUILDING PERL ON UTS
11661 =item Installing the built perl on UTS
11667 =head2 perlvmesa, README.vmesa - building and installing Perl for VM/ESA.
11677 =item Unpacking Perl Distribution on VM/ESA
11679 =item Setup Perl and utilities on VM/ESA
11681 =item Configure Perl on VM/ESA
11683 =item Testing Anomalies of Perl on VM/ESA
11685 =item Usage Hints for Perl on VM/ESA
11695 =item Mailing list for Perl on VM/ESA
11701 =head2 perlvms - VMS-specific documentation for Perl
11709 =item Organization of Perl Images
11715 =item Perl Extensions
11717 =item Installing static extensions
11719 =item Installing dynamic extensions
11723 =item File specifications
11729 =item Filename Case
11731 =item Symbolic Links
11733 =item Wildcard expansion
11739 =item PERL5LIB and PERLLIB
11741 =item The Perl Forked Debugger
11743 =item PERL_VMS_EXCEPTION_DEBUG
11749 =item I/O redirection and backgrounding
11751 =item Command line switches
11757 =item Perl functions
11759 File tests, backticks, binmode FILEHANDLE, crypt PLAINTEXT, USER, die,
11760 dump, exec LIST, fork, getpwent, getpwnam, getpwuid, gmtime, kill, qx//,
11761 select (system call), stat EXPR, system LIST, time, times, unlink LIST,
11762 utime LIST, waitpid PID,FLAGS
11764 =item Perl variables
11766 %ENV, CRTL_ENV, CLISYM_[LOCAL], Any other string, $!, $^E, $?, $|
11768 =item Standard modules with VMS-specific differences
11776 =item Revision date
11782 =head2 perlvos, README.vos - Perl for Stratus VOS
11788 =item BUILDING PERL FOR VOS
11790 =item INSTALLING PERL IN VOS
11792 =item USING PERL IN VOS
11796 =item Restrictions of Perl on VOS
11798 =item Handling of underflow and overflow
11804 =item SUPPORT STATUS
11812 =head2 perlwin32 - Perl under Windows
11822 =item Setting Up Perl on Win32
11824 Make, Command Shell, Borland C++, Microsoft Visual C++, Microsoft Visual
11825 C++ 2008 Express Edition Beta 2, Microsoft Visual C++ 2005 Express Edition,
11826 Microsoft Visual C++ Toolkit 2003, Microsoft Platform SDK 64-bit Compiler,
11827 MinGW release 3 with gcc, MinGW release 1 with gcc
11831 =item Testing Perl on Win32
11833 =item Installation of Perl on Win32
11835 =item Usage Hints for Perl on Win32
11837 Environment Variables, File Globbing, Using perl from the command line,
11838 Building Extensions, Command-line Wildcard Expansion, Win32 Specific
11839 Extensions, Notes on 64-bit Windows
11841 =item Running Perl Scripts
11843 =item Miscellaneous Things
11847 =item BUGS AND CAVEATS
11849 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
11853 Gary Ng E<lt>71564.1743@CompuServe.COME<gt>, Gurusamy Sarathy
11854 E<lt>gsar@activestate.comE<gt>, Nick Ing-Simmons
11855 E<lt>nick@ing-simmons.netE<gt>, Jan Dubois E<lt>jand@activestate.comE<gt>,
11856 Steve Hay E<lt>steve.hay@uk.radan.comE<gt>
11864 =head1 PRAGMA DOCUMENTATION
11866 =head2 attrs - set/get attributes of a subroutine (deprecated)
11878 =head2 re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour
11896 Compile related options, COMPILE, PARSE, OPTIMISE, TRIEC, DUMP, Execute
11897 related options, EXECUTE, MATCH, TRIEE, INTUIT, Extra debugging options,
11898 EXTRA, BUFFERS, TRIEM, STATE, STACK, OPTIMISEM, OFFSETS, OFFSETSDBG, Other
11899 useful flags, ALL, All, MORE, More
11901 =item Exportable Functions
11903 is_regexp($ref), regexp_pattern($ref), regmust($ref), regname($name,$all),
11904 regnames($all), regnames_count()
11912 =head2 threadshared::shared, threads::shared - Perl extension for sharing
11913 data structures between threads
11927 share VARIABLE, is_shared VARIABLE, lock VARIABLE, cond_wait VARIABLE,
11928 cond_wait CONDVAR, LOCKVAR, cond_timedwait VARIABLE, ABS_TIMEOUT,
11929 cond_timedwait CONDVAR, ABS_TIMEOUT, LOCKVAR, cond_signal VARIABLE,
11930 cond_broadcast VARIABLE
11936 =item BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
11944 =head2 threads - Perl interpreter-based threads
11954 $thr = threads->create(FUNCTION, ARGS), $thr->join(), $thr->detach(),
11955 threads->detach(), threads->self(), $thr->tid(), threads->tid(), "$thr",
11956 threads->object($tid), threads->yield(), threads->list(),
11957 threads->list(threads::all), threads->list(threads::running),
11958 threads->list(threads::joinable), $thr1->equal($thr2), async BLOCK;,
11959 $thr->error(), $thr->_handle(), threads->_handle()
11961 =item EXITING A THREAD
11963 threads->exit(), threads->exit(status), die(), exit(status), use threads
11964 'exit' => 'threads_only', threads->create({'exit' => 'thread_only'}, ...),
11965 $thr->set_thread_exit_only(boolean), threads->set_thread_exit_only(boolean)
11969 $thr->is_running(), $thr->is_joinable(), $thr->is_detached(),
11970 threads->is_detached()
11972 =item THREAD CONTEXT
11976 =item Explicit context
11978 =item Implicit context
11980 =item $thr->wantarray()
11982 =item threads->wantarray()
11986 =item THREAD STACK SIZE
11988 threads->get_stack_size();, $size = $thr->get_stack_size();, $old_size =
11989 threads->set_stack_size($new_size);, use threads ('stack_size' => VALUE);,
11990 $ENV{'PERL5_ITHREADS_STACK_SIZE'}, threads->create({'stack_size' => VALUE},
11991 FUNCTION, ARGS), $thr2 = $thr1->create(FUNCTION, ARGS)
11993 =item THREAD SIGNALLING
11995 $thr->kill('SIG...');
11999 Perl exited with active threads:, Thread creation failed: pthread_create
12000 returned #, Thread # terminated abnormally: .., Using minimum thread stack
12001 size of #, Thread creation failed: pthread_attr_setstacksize(I<SIZE>)
12006 This Perl not built to support threads, Cannot change stack size of an
12007 existing thread, Cannot signal threads without safe signals, Unrecognized
12010 =item BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
12012 Thread-safe modules, Using non-thread-safe modules, Current working
12013 directory, Environment variables, Parent-child threads, Creating threads
12014 inside special blocks, Unsafe signals, Perl has been built with
12015 C<PERL_OLD_SIGNALS> (see C<perl -V>), The environment variable
12016 C<PERL_SIGNALS> is set to C<unsafe> (see L<perlrun/"PERL_SIGNALS">), The
12017 module L<Perl::Unsafe::Signals> is used, Returning closures from threads,
12018 Returning objects from threads, Perl Bugs and the CPAN Version of
12027 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
12031 =head2 attributes - get/set subroutine or variable attributes
12041 =item Built-in Attributes
12043 locked, method, lvalue
12045 =item Available Subroutines
12049 =item Package-specific Attribute Handling
12051 FETCH_I<type>_ATTRIBUTES, MODIFY_I<type>_ATTRIBUTES
12053 =item Syntax of Attribute Lists
12061 =item Default exports
12063 =item Available exports
12065 =item Export tags defined
12075 =head2 autouse - postpone load of modules until a function is used
12091 =head2 base - Establish an ISA relationship with base classes at compile
12102 Base class package "%s" is empty, Class 'Foo' tried to inherit from itself
12112 =head2 bigint - Transparent BigInteger support for Perl
12122 =item use integer vs. use bigint
12126 a or accuracy, p or precision, t or trace, hex, oct, l, lib, try or only, v
12131 =item Internal Format
12137 inf(), NaN(), e, PI, bexp(), bpi(), upgrade(), in_effect()
12147 in_effect(), hex()/oct()
12161 =head2 bignum - Transparent BigNumber support for Perl
12173 a or accuracy, p or precision, t or trace, l or lib, hex, oct, v or version
12179 inf(), NaN(), e, PI(), bexp(), bpi(), upgrade(), in_effect()
12183 =item INTERNAL FORMAT
12191 in_effect(), hex()/oct()
12205 =head2 bigrat - Transparent BigNumber/BigRational support for Perl
12223 inf(), NaN(), e, PI, bexp(), bpi(), upgrade(), in_effect()
12231 a or accuracy, p or precision, t or trace, l or lib, hex, oct, v or version
12237 in_effect(), hex()/oct()
12241 perl -Mbigrat -le 'print sqrt(33)'
12242 perl -Mbigrat -le 'print 2*255'
12243 perl -Mbigrat -le 'print 4.5+2*255'
12244 perl -Mbigrat -le 'print 3/7 + 5/7 + 8/3'
12245 perl -Mbigrat -le 'print 12->is_odd()';
12246 perl -Mbignum=l,GMP -le 'print 7 ** 7777'
12256 =head2 blib - Use MakeMaker's uninstalled version of a package
12270 =head2 bytes - Perl pragma to force byte semantics rather than character
12285 =head2 charnames - define character names for C<\N{named}> string literal
12296 =item CUSTOM ALIASES
12300 =item Anonymous hashes
12304 =item Alias shortcut
12308 =item charnames::viacode(code)
12310 =item charnames::vianame(name)
12312 =item CUSTOM TRANSLATORS
12314 =item ILLEGAL CHARACTERS
12320 =head2 constant - Perl pragma to declare constants
12332 =item List constants
12334 =item Defining multiple constants at once
12336 =item Magic constants
12340 =item TECHNICAL NOTES
12352 =head2 diagnostics, splain - produce verbose warning diagnostics
12362 =item The C<diagnostics> Pragma
12364 =item The I<splain> Program
12378 =head2 encoding - allows you to write your script in non-ascii or non-utf8
12388 =item Literal Conversions
12390 =item PerlIO layers for C<STD(IN|OUT)>
12392 =item Implicit upgrading for byte strings
12402 =item FEATURES THAT REQUIRE 5.8.1
12404 "NON-EUC" doublebyte encodings, tr//, DATA pseudo-filehandle
12408 use encoding [I<ENCNAME>] ;, use encoding I<ENCNAME> [ STDIN =E<gt>
12409 I<ENCNAME_IN> ...] ;, use encoding I<ENCNAME> Filter=E<gt>1;, no encoding;
12411 =item The Filter Option
12415 =item Filter-related changes at Encode version 1.87
12425 =item DO NOT MIX MULTIPLE ENCODINGS
12427 =item tr/// with ranges
12429 Legend of characters above
12433 =item EXAMPLE - Greekperl
12435 =item KNOWN PROBLEMS
12437 literals in regex that are longer than 127 bytes, EBCDIC, format, Thread
12442 =item The Logic of :locale
12452 =head2 encoding::warnings - Warn on implicit encoding conversions
12464 =item Overview of the problem
12466 =item Detecting the problem
12468 =item Solving the problem
12470 Upgrade both sides to unicode-strings, Downgrade both sides to
12471 byte-strings, Specify the encoding for implicit byte-string upgrading,
12472 PerlIO layers for B<STDIN> and B<STDOUT>, Literal conversions, Implicit
12473 upgrading for byte-strings
12491 =head2 feature - Perl pragma to enable new syntactic features
12501 =item Lexical effect
12503 =item C<no feature>
12505 =item The 'switch' feature
12507 =item The 'say' feature
12509 =item the 'state' feature
12513 =item FEATURE BUNDLES
12515 =item IMPLICIT LOADING
12519 =head2 fields - compile-time class fields
12533 =head2 filetest - Perl pragma to control the filetest permission operators
12543 =item Consider this carefully
12545 =item The "access" sub-pragma
12547 =item Limitation with regard to C<_>
12553 =head2 if - C<use> a Perl module if a condition holds
12567 =head2 integer - Perl pragma to use integer arithmetic instead of floating
12578 =head2 less - perl pragma to request less of something
12586 =item FOR MODULE AUTHORS
12590 =item C<< BOOLEAN = less->of( FEATURE ) >>
12592 =item C<< FEATURES = less->of() >>
12598 This probably does nothing, This works only on 5.10+
12602 =head2 lib - manipulate @INC at compile time
12612 =item Adding directories to @INC
12614 =item Deleting directories from @INC
12616 =item Restoring original @INC
12630 =head2 locale - Perl pragma to use and avoid POSIX locales for built-in
12641 =head2 mro - Method Resolution Order
12657 =item How does C3 work
12665 =item mro::get_linear_isa($classname[, $type])
12667 =item mro::set_mro($classname, $type)
12669 =item mro::get_mro($classname)
12671 =item mro::get_isarev($classname)
12673 =item mro::is_universal($classname)
12675 =item mro::invalidate_all_method_caches()
12677 =item mro::method_changed_in($classname)
12679 =item mro::get_pkg_gen($classname)
12685 =item maybe::next::method
12693 =item The original Dylan paper
12695 L<http://www.webcom.com/haahr/dylan/linearization-oopsla96.html>
12697 =item The prototype Perl 6 Object Model uses C3
12699 L<http://svn.openfoundry.org/pugs/perl5/Perl6-MetaModel/>
12701 =item Parrot now uses C3
12703 L<http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Mail/Message/perl6-internals/2746631>,
12704 L<http://use.perl.org/~autrijus/journal/25768>
12706 =item Python 2.3 MRO related links
12708 L<http://www.python.org/2.3/mro.html>,
12709 L<http://www.python.org/2.2.2/descrintro.html#mro>
12711 =item C3 for TinyCLOS
12713 L<http://www.call-with-current-continuation.org/eggs/c3.html>
12725 =head2 open - perl pragma to set default PerlIO layers for input and output
12733 =item NONPERLIO FUNCTIONALITY
12735 =item IMPLEMENTATION DETAILS
12741 =head2 ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when compiling
12753 =head2 overload - Package for overloading Perl operations
12763 =item Declaration of overloaded functions
12765 =item Calling Conventions for Binary Operations
12767 FALSE, TRUE, C<undef>
12769 =item Calling Conventions for Unary Operations
12771 =item Calling Conventions for Mutators
12773 C<++> and C<-->, C<x=> and other assignment versions
12775 =item Overloadable Operations
12777 I<Arithmetic operations>, I<Comparison operations>, I<Bit operations>,
12778 I<Increment and decrement>, I<Transcendental functions>, I<Boolean, string
12779 and numeric conversion>, I<Iteration>, I<Dereferencing>, I<Special>
12781 =item Inheritance and overloading
12783 Strings as values of C<use overload> directive, Overloading of an operation
12784 is inherited by derived classes
12788 =item SPECIAL SYMBOLS FOR C<use overload>
12796 C<undef>, TRUE, defined, but FALSE
12800 =item Copy Constructor
12806 =item MAGIC AUTOGENERATION
12808 I<Assignment forms of arithmetic operations>, I<Conversion operations>,
12809 I<Increment and decrement>, C<abs($a)>, I<Unary minus>, I<Negation>,
12810 I<Concatenation>, I<Comparison operations>, I<Iterator>, I<Dereferencing>,
12813 =item Minimal set of overloaded operations
12815 =item Losing overloading
12817 =item Run-time Overloading
12819 =item Public functions
12821 overload::StrVal(arg), overload::Overloaded(arg), overload::Method(obj,op)
12823 =item Overloading constants
12825 integer, float, binary, q, qr
12827 =item IMPLEMENTATION
12829 =item Metaphor clash
12835 =item Two-face scalars
12837 =item Two-face references
12839 =item Symbolic calculator
12841 =item I<Really> symbolic calculator
12849 Odd number of arguments for overload::constant, `%s' is not an overloadable
12850 type, `%s' is not a code reference
12856 =head2 sigtrap - Perl pragma to enable simple signal handling
12868 =item SIGNAL HANDLERS
12870 B<stack-trace>, B<die>, B<handler> I<your-handler>
12874 B<normal-signals>, B<error-signals>, B<old-interface-signals>
12878 B<untrapped>, B<any>, I<signal>, I<number>
12886 =head2 sort - perl pragma to control sort() behaviour
12898 =head2 strict - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe constructs
12906 C<strict refs>, C<strict vars>, C<strict subs>
12912 =head2 subs - Perl pragma to predeclare sub names
12922 =head2 threadshared, threads::shared - Perl extension for sharing data
12923 structures between threads
12937 share VARIABLE, is_shared VARIABLE, lock VARIABLE, cond_wait VARIABLE,
12938 cond_wait CONDVAR, LOCKVAR, cond_timedwait VARIABLE, ABS_TIMEOUT,
12939 cond_timedwait CONDVAR, ABS_TIMEOUT, LOCKVAR, cond_signal VARIABLE,
12940 cond_broadcast VARIABLE
12946 =item BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
12954 =head2 utf8 - Perl pragma to enable/disable UTF-8 (or UTF-EBCDIC) in source
12965 =item Utility functions
12967 $num_octets = utf8::upgrade($string), $success = utf8::downgrade($string[,
12968 FAIL_OK]), utf8::encode($string), $success = utf8::decode($string), $flag =
12969 utf8::is_utf8(STRING), $flag = utf8::valid(STRING)
12979 =head2 vars - Perl pragma to predeclare global variable names (obsolete)
12989 =head2 version - Perl extension for Version Objects
12999 =item BEST PRACTICES
13001 Be consistent, Be careful
13003 =item Using modules that use version.pm
13005 Numeric versions always work, Extended version work sometimes
13007 =item What IS a version
13009 Numeric Versions, Extended Versions
13011 =item Numeric Versions
13013 =item Extended Versions
13015 =item Numeric Alpha Versions
13017 =item Object Methods
13019 New Operator, qv(), Normal Form, Numification, Stringification, Comparison
13020 operators, Logical Operators
13024 =item What about v-strings?
13026 =item Types of Versions Objects
13028 Ordinary versions, Alpha Versions
13030 =item Replacement UNIVERSAL::VERSION
13044 =head2 vmsish - Perl pragma to control VMS-specific language features
13052 C<vmsish status>, C<vmsish exit>, C<vmsish time>, C<vmsish hushed>
13056 =head2 warnings - Perl pragma to control optional warnings
13064 use warnings::register, warnings::enabled(), warnings::enabled($category),
13065 warnings::enabled($object), warnings::warn($message),
13066 warnings::warn($category, $message), warnings::warn($object, $message),
13067 warnings::warnif($message), warnings::warnif($category, $message),
13068 warnings::warnif($object, $message)
13072 =head2 warnings::register - warnings import function
13082 =head1 MODULE DOCUMENTATION
13084 =head2 AnyDBM_File - provide framework for multiple DBMs
13094 =item DBM Comparisons
13104 =head2 Archive::Extract - A generic archive extracting mechanism
13120 =item $ae = Archive::Extract->new(archive => '/path/to/archive',[type =>
13123 tar, tgz, gz, Z, zip, bz2, tbz
13131 =item $ae->extract( [to => '/output/path'] )
13133 $ae->extract_path, $ae->files
13143 =item $ae->error([BOOL])
13145 =item $ae->extract_path
13177 =item $ae->bin_gzip
13179 =item $ae->bin_unzip
13191 =item File Extensions
13193 =item Supporting Very Large Files
13195 =item Bunzip2 support of arbitrary extensions.
13199 =item GLOBAL VARIABLES
13203 =item $Archive::Extract::DEBUG
13205 =item $Archive::Extract::WARN
13207 =item $Archive::Extract::PREFER_BIN
13223 =head2 Archive::Tar - module for manipulations of tar archives
13231 =item Object Methods
13235 =item Archive::Tar->new( [$file, $compressed] )
13243 =item $tar->read ( $filename|$handle, $compressed, {opt => 'val'} )
13251 =item $tar->contains_file( $filename )
13257 =item $tar->extract( [@filenames] )
13263 =item $tar->extract_file( $file, [$extract_path] )
13269 =item $tar->list_files( [\@properties] )
13275 =item $tar->get_files( [@filenames] )
13281 =item $tar->get_content( $file )
13287 =item $tar->replace_content( $file, $content )
13293 =item $tar->rename( $file, $new_name )
13299 =item $tar->remove (@filenamelist)
13311 =item $tar->write ( [$file, $compressed, $prefix] )
13317 =item $tar->add_files( @filenamelist )
13323 =item $tar->add_data ( $filename, $data, [$opthashref] )
13325 FILE, HARDLINK, SYMLINK, CHARDEV, BLOCKDEV, DIR, FIFO, SOCKET
13331 =item $tar->error( [$BOOL] )
13337 =item $tar->setcwd( $cwd );
13343 =item $bool = $tar->has_io_string
13349 =item $bool = $tar->has_perlio
13355 =item Class Methods
13359 =item Archive::Tar->create_archive($file, $compression, @filelist)
13367 =item Archive::Tar->list_archive ($file, $compressed, [\@properties])
13373 =item Archive::Tar->extract_archive ($file, $gzip)
13379 =item Archive::Tar->can_handle_compressed_files
13385 =item GLOBAL VARIABLES
13389 =item $Archive::Tar::FOLLOW_SYMLINK
13391 =item $Archive::Tar::CHOWN
13393 =item $Archive::Tar::CHMOD
13395 =item $Archive::Tar::DO_NOT_USE_PREFIX
13397 =item $Archive::Tar::DEBUG
13399 =item $Archive::Tar::WARN
13401 =item $Archive::Tar::error
13403 =item $Archive::Tar::INSECURE_EXTRACT_MODE
13405 =item $Archive::Tar::HAS_PERLIO
13407 =item $Archive::Tar::HAS_IO_STRING
13413 What's the minimum perl version required to run Archive::Tar?, Isn't
13414 Archive::Tar slow?, Isn't Archive::Tar heavier on memory than /bin/tar?,
13415 Can't you lazy-load data instead?, How much memory will an X kb tar file
13416 need?, What do you do with unsupported filetypes in an archive?, I'm using
13417 WinZip, or some other non-POSIX client, and files are not being extracted
13418 properly!, How do I extract only files that have property X from an
13419 archive?, How do I access .tar.Z files?, How do I handle Unicode strings?
13423 Check if passed in handles are open for read/write, Allow archives to be
13424 passed in as string, Facilitate processing an opened filehandle of a
13429 The GNU tar specification, The PAX format specication, A comparison of GNU
13430 and POSIX tar standards;
13431 C<http://www.delorie.com/gnu/docs/tar/tar_114.html>, GNU tar intends to
13432 switch to POSIX compatibility, A Comparison between various tar
13437 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
13443 =head2 Archive::Tar::File - a subclass for in-memory extracted file from
13456 name, mode, uid, gid, size, mtime, chksum, type, linkname, magic, version,
13457 uname, gname, devmajor, devminor, prefix, raw
13465 =item new( file => $path )
13467 =item new( data => $path, $data, $opt )
13469 =item new( chunk => $chunk )
13501 =item get_content_by_ref
13507 =item replace_content( $content )
13513 =item rename( $new_name )
13519 =item Convenience methods
13521 is_file, is_dir, is_hardlink, is_symlink, is_chardev, is_blockdev, is_fifo,
13522 is_socket, is_longlink, is_label, is_unknown
13526 =head2 Attribute::Handlers - Simpler definition of attribute handlers
13536 [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7]
13540 =item Typed lexicals
13542 =item Type-specific attribute handlers
13544 =item Non-interpretive attribute handlers
13546 =item Phase-specific attribute handlers
13548 =item Attributes as C<tie> interfaces
13556 C<Bad attribute type: ATTR(%s)>, C<Attribute handler %s doesn't handle %s
13557 attributes>, C<Declaration of %s attribute in package %s may clash with
13558 future reserved word>, C<Can't have two ATTR specifiers on one subroutine>,
13559 C<Can't autotie a %s>, C<Internal error: %s symbol went missing>, C<Won't
13560 be able to apply END handler>
13570 =head2 AutoLoader - load subroutines only on demand
13580 =item Subroutine Stubs
13582 =item Using B<AutoLoader>'s AUTOLOAD Subroutine
13584 =item Overriding B<AutoLoader>'s AUTOLOAD Subroutine
13586 =item Package Lexicals
13588 =item Not Using AutoLoader
13590 =item B<AutoLoader> vs. B<SelfLoader>
13600 =head2 AutoSplit - split a package for autoloading
13608 $keep, $check, $modtime
13612 =item Multiple packages
13620 =head2 B - The Perl Compiler
13630 =item Utility Functions
13634 =item Functions Returning C<B::SV>, C<B::AV>, C<B::HV>, and C<B::CV>
13637 sv_undef, sv_yes, sv_no, svref_2object(SVREF), amagic_generation, init_av,
13638 check_av, unitcheck_av, begin_av, end_av, comppadlist, regex_padav, main_cv
13640 =item Functions for Examining the Symbol Table
13642 walksymtable(SYMREF, METHOD, RECURSE, PREFIX)
13644 =item Functions Returning C<B::OP> objects or for walking op trees
13646 main_root, main_start, walkoptree(OP, METHOD), walkoptree_debug(DEBUG)
13648 =item Miscellaneous Utility Functions
13650 ppname(OPNUM), hash(STR), cast_I32(I), minus_c, cstring(STR),
13651 perlstring(STR), class(OBJ), threadsv_names
13653 =item Exported utility variabiles
13655 @optype, @specialsv_name
13659 =item OVERVIEW OF CLASSES
13663 =item SV-RELATED CLASSES
13665 =item B::SV Methods
13667 REFCNT, FLAGS, object_2svref
13669 =item B::IV Methods
13671 IV, IVX, UVX, int_value, needs64bits, packiv
13673 =item B::NV Methods
13677 =item B::RV Methods
13681 =item B::PV Methods
13685 =item B::PVMG Methods
13689 =item B::MAGIC Methods
13691 MOREMAGIC, precomp, PRIVATE, TYPE, FLAGS, OBJ, PTR, REGEX
13693 =item B::PVLV Methods
13695 TARGOFF, TARGLEN, TYPE, TARG
13697 =item B::BM Methods
13699 USEFUL, PREVIOUS, RARE, TABLE
13701 =item B::GV Methods
13703 is_empty, NAME, SAFENAME, STASH, SV, IO, FORM, AV, HV, EGV, CV, CVGEN,
13704 LINE, FILE, FILEGV, GvREFCNT, FLAGS
13706 =item B::IO Methods
13708 LINES, PAGE, PAGE_LEN, LINES_LEFT, TOP_NAME, TOP_GV, FMT_NAME, FMT_GV,
13709 BOTTOM_NAME, BOTTOM_GV, SUBPROCESS, IoTYPE, IoFLAGS, IsSTD
13711 =item B::AV Methods
13713 FILL, MAX, ARRAY, ARRAYelt, OFF, AvFLAGS
13715 =item B::CV Methods
13717 STASH, START, ROOT, GV, FILE, DEPTH, PADLIST, OUTSIDE, OUTSIDE_SEQ, XSUB,
13718 XSUBANY, CvFLAGS, const_sv
13720 =item B::HV Methods
13722 FILL, MAX, KEYS, RITER, NAME, ARRAY, PMROOT
13724 =item OP-RELATED CLASSES
13726 =item B::OP Methods
13728 next, sibling, name, ppaddr, desc, targ, type, opt, flags, private, spare
13730 =item B::UNOP METHOD
13734 =item B::BINOP METHOD
13738 =item B::LOGOP METHOD
13742 =item B::LISTOP METHOD
13746 =item B::PMOP Methods
13748 pmreplroot, pmreplstart, pmnext, pmregexp, pmflags, extflags, precomp,
13751 =item B::SVOP METHOD
13755 =item B::PADOP METHOD
13759 =item B::PVOP METHOD
13763 =item B::LOOP Methods
13765 redoop, nextop, lastop
13767 =item B::COP Methods
13769 label, stash, stashpv, file, cop_seq, arybase, line, warnings, io, hints,
13778 =head2 B::Concise - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing concise info about ops
13792 =item Options for Opcode Ordering
13794 B<-basic>, B<-exec>, B<-tree>
13796 =item Options for Line-Style
13798 B<-concise>, B<-terse>, B<-linenoise>, B<-debug>, B<-env>
13800 =item Options for tree-specific formatting
13802 B<-compact>, B<-loose>, B<-vt>, B<-ascii>
13804 =item Options controlling sequence numbering
13806 B<-base>I<n>, B<-bigendian>, B<-littleendian>
13808 =item Other options
13810 B<-src>, B<-stash="somepackage">, B<-main>, B<-nomain>, B<-nobanner>,
13811 B<-banner>, B<-banneris> => subref
13813 =item Option Stickiness
13817 =item ABBREVIATIONS
13821 =item OP class abbreviations
13823 =item OP flags abbreviations
13827 =item FORMATTING SPECIFICATIONS
13831 =item Special Patterns
13833 B<(x(>I<exec_text>B<;>I<basic_text>B<)x)>, B<(*(>I<text>B<)*)>,
13834 B<(*(>I<text1>B<;>I<text2>B<)*)>, B<(?(>I<text1>B<#>I<var>I<Text2>B<)?)>,
13839 B<#>I<var>, B<#>I<var>I<N>, B<#>I<Var>, B<#addr>, B<#arg>, B<#class>,
13840 B<#classsym>, B<#coplabel>, B<#exname>, B<#extarg>, B<#firstaddr>,
13841 B<#flags>, B<#flagval>, B<#hints>, B<#hintsval>, B<#hyphseq>, B<#label>,
13842 B<#lastaddr>, B<#name>, B<#NAME>, B<#next>, B<#nextaddr>, B<#noise>,
13843 B<#private>, B<#privval>, B<#seq>, B<#seqnum>, B<#opt>, B<#sibaddr>,
13844 B<#svaddr>, B<#svclass>, B<#svval>, B<#targ>, B<#targarg>, B<#targarglife>,
13849 =item One-Liner Command tips
13851 perl -MO=Concise,bar foo.pl, perl -MDigest::MD5=md5 -MO=Concise,md5 -e1,
13852 perl -MPOSIX -MO=Concise,_POSIX_ARG_MAX -e1, perl -MPOSIX -MO=Concise,a -e
13853 'print _POSIX_SAVED_IDS', perl -MPOSIX -MO=Concise,a -e 'sub
13854 a{_POSIX_SAVED_IDS}', perl -MB::Concise -e
13855 'B::Concise::compile("-exec","-src", \%B::Concise::)->()'
13857 =item Using B::Concise outside of the O framework
13861 =item Example: Altering Concise Renderings
13865 =item set_style_standard($name)
13869 =item add_callback()
13871 =item Running B::Concise::compile()
13873 =item B::Concise::reset_sequence()
13883 =head2 B::Debug - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing debug info about ops
13895 =head2 B::Deparse - Perl compiler backend to produce perl code
13905 B<-d>, B<-f>I<FILE>, B<-l>, B<-p>, B<-P>, B<-q>, B<-s>I<LETTERS>, B<C>,
13906 B<i>I<NUMBER>, B<T>, B<v>I<STRING>B<.>, B<-x>I<LEVEL>
13908 =item USING B::Deparse AS A MODULE
13918 =item ambient_pragmas
13920 strict, $[, bytes, utf8, integer, re, warnings, hint_bits, warning_bits,
13933 =head2 B::Lint - Perl lint
13941 =item OPTIONS AND LINT CHECKS
13943 B<magic-diamond>, B<context>, B<implicit-read> and B<implicit-write>,
13944 B<bare-subs>, B<dollar-underscore>, B<private-names>, B<undefined-subs>,
13945 B<regexp-variables>, B<all>, B<none>
13947 =item NON LINT-CHECK OPTIONS
13951 =item EXTENDING LINT
13955 while(<FH>) stomps $_, strict oo, unchecked system calls, more tests,
13956 validate against older perls
13964 =head2 B::O, O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends
13974 =item IMPLEMENTATION
13982 =head2 B::Showlex - Show lexical variables used in functions or files
14006 =head2 B::Terse - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing terse info about ops
14018 =head2 B::Xref - Generates cross reference reports for Perl programs
14028 C<-oFILENAME>, C<-r>, C<-d>, C<-D[tO]>
14036 =head2 Benchmark - benchmark running times of Perl code
14050 =item Standard Exports
14052 timeit(COUNT, CODE), timethis ( COUNT, CODE, [ TITLE, [ STYLE ]] ),
14053 timethese ( COUNT, CODEHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), timediff ( T1, T2 ), timestr (
14054 TIMEDIFF, [ STYLE, [ FORMAT ] ] )
14056 =item Optional Exports
14058 clearcache ( COUNT ), clearallcache ( ), cmpthese ( COUNT, CODEHASHREF, [
14059 STYLE ] ), cmpthese ( RESULTSHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), countit(TIME, CODE),
14060 disablecache ( ), enablecache ( ), timesum ( T1, T2 )
14062 =item :hireswallclock
14078 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
14082 =head2 CGI - Simple Common Gateway Interface Class
14094 =item PROGRAMMING STYLE
14096 =item CALLING CGI.PM ROUTINES
14098 =item CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT (OBJECT-ORIENTED STYLE):
14100 =item CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT FROM AN INPUT FILE
14102 =item FETCHING A LIST OF KEYWORDS FROM THE QUERY:
14104 =item FETCHING THE NAMES OF ALL THE PARAMETERS PASSED TO YOUR SCRIPT:
14106 =item FETCHING THE VALUE OR VALUES OF A SINGLE NAMED PARAMETER:
14108 =item SETTING THE VALUE(S) OF A NAMED PARAMETER:
14110 =item APPENDING ADDITIONAL VALUES TO A NAMED PARAMETER:
14112 =item IMPORTING ALL PARAMETERS INTO A NAMESPACE:
14114 =item DELETING A PARAMETER COMPLETELY:
14116 =item DELETING ALL PARAMETERS:
14118 =item HANDLING NON-URLENCODED ARGUMENTS
14120 =item DIRECT ACCESS TO THE PARAMETER LIST:
14122 =item FETCHING THE PARAMETER LIST AS A HASH:
14124 =item SAVING THE STATE OF THE SCRIPT TO A FILE:
14126 =item RETRIEVING CGI ERRORS
14128 =item USING THE FUNCTION-ORIENTED INTERFACE
14130 B<:cgi>, B<:form>, B<:html2>, B<:html3>, B<:html4>, B<:netscape>, B<:html>,
14131 B<:standard>, B<:all>
14135 -any, -compile, -nosticky, -tabindex, -no_undef_params, -no_xhtml, -nph,
14136 -newstyle_urls, -oldstyle_urls, -autoload, -no_debug, -debug,
14139 =item SPECIAL FORMS FOR IMPORTING HTML-TAG FUNCTIONS
14141 1. start_table() (generates a <table> tag), 2. end_table() (generates a
14142 </table> tag), 3. start_ul() (generates a <ul> tag), 4. end_ul() (generates
14147 =item GENERATING DYNAMIC DOCUMENTS
14151 =item CREATING A STANDARD HTTP HEADER:
14153 =item GENERATING A REDIRECTION HEADER
14155 =item CREATING THE HTML DOCUMENT HEADER
14157 B<Parameters:>, 4, 5, 6..
14159 =item ENDING THE HTML DOCUMENT:
14161 =item CREATING A SELF-REFERENCING URL THAT PRESERVES STATE INFORMATION:
14163 =item OBTAINING THE SCRIPT'S URL
14165 B<-absolute>, B<-relative>, B<-full>, B<-path> (B<-path_info>), B<-query>
14166 (B<-query_string>), B<-base>, B<-rewrite>
14168 =item MIXING POST AND URL PARAMETERS
14172 =item CREATING STANDARD HTML ELEMENTS:
14176 =item PROVIDING ARGUMENTS TO HTML SHORTCUTS
14178 =item THE DISTRIBUTIVE PROPERTY OF HTML SHORTCUTS
14180 =item HTML SHORTCUTS AND LIST INTERPOLATION
14182 =item NON-STANDARD HTML SHORTCUTS
14184 =item AUTOESCAPING HTML
14186 $escaped_string = escapeHTML("unescaped string");, $charset =
14187 charset([$charset]);, $flag = autoEscape([$flag]);
14189 =item PRETTY-PRINTING HTML
14193 =item CREATING FILL-OUT FORMS:
14197 =item CREATING AN ISINDEX TAG
14199 =item STARTING AND ENDING A FORM
14201 B<application/x-www-form-urlencoded>, B<multipart/form-data>
14203 =item FORM ELEMENTS
14205 B<-name>, B<-value>, B<-values>, B<-tabindex>, B<-id>, B<-override>,
14206 B<-onChange>, B<-onFocus>, B<-onBlur>, B<-onMouseOver>, B<-onMouseOut>,
14209 =item CREATING A TEXT FIELD
14213 =item CREATING A BIG TEXT FIELD
14215 =item CREATING A PASSWORD FIELD
14217 =item CREATING A FILE UPLOAD FIELD
14221 =item CREATING A POPUP MENU
14223 =item CREATING AN OPTION GROUP
14225 =item CREATING A SCROLLING LIST
14229 =item CREATING A GROUP OF RELATED CHECKBOXES
14233 =item CREATING A STANDALONE CHECKBOX
14237 =item CREATING A RADIO BUTTON GROUP
14241 =item CREATING A SUBMIT BUTTON
14245 =item CREATING A RESET BUTTON
14247 =item CREATING A DEFAULT BUTTON
14249 =item CREATING A HIDDEN FIELD
14253 =item CREATING A CLICKABLE IMAGE BUTTON
14255 B<Parameters:>, 3. The third option (-align, optional) is an alignment
14256 type, and may be TOP, BOTTOM or MIDDLE
14258 =item CREATING A JAVASCRIPT ACTION BUTTON
14264 1. an expiration time, 2. a domain, 3. a path, 4. a "secure" flag,
14265 B<-name>, B<-value>, B<-path>, B<-domain>, B<-expires>, B<-secure>
14267 =item WORKING WITH FRAMES
14269 1. Create a <Frameset> document, 2. Specify the destination for the
14270 document in the HTTP header, 3. Specify the destination for the document in
14273 =item SUPPORT FOR JAVASCRIPT
14275 B<onLoad>, B<onUnload>, B<onSubmit>, B<onClick>, B<onChange>, B<onFocus>,
14276 B<onBlur>, B<onSelect>, B<onMouseOver>, B<onMouseOut>
14278 =item LIMITED SUPPORT FOR CASCADING STYLE SHEETS
14284 =item DUMPING OUT ALL THE NAME/VALUE PAIRS
14288 =item FETCHING ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
14290 B<Accept()>, B<raw_cookie()>, B<user_agent()>, B<path_info()>,
14291 B<path_translated()>, B<remote_host()>, B<script_name()> Return the script
14292 name as a partial URL, for self-refering scripts, B<referer()>, B<auth_type
14293 ()>, B<server_name ()>, B<virtual_host ()>, B<server_port ()>,
14294 B<virtual_port ()>, B<server_software ()>, B<remote_user ()>, B<user_name
14295 ()>, B<request_method()>, B<content_type()>, B<http()>, B<https()>
14297 =item USING NPH SCRIPTS
14299 In the B<use> statement, By calling the B<nph()> method:, By using B<-nph>
14304 multipart_init(), multipart_start(), multipart_end(), multipart_final()
14306 =item Avoiding Denial of Service Attacks
14308 B<$CGI::POST_MAX>, B<$CGI::DISABLE_UPLOADS>, B<1. On a script-by-script
14309 basis>, B<2. Globally for all scripts>
14311 =item COMPATIBILITY WITH CGI-LIB.PL
14313 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
14317 Matt Heffron (heffron@falstaff.css.beckman.com), James Taylor
14318 (james.taylor@srs.gov), Scott Anguish <sanguish@digifix.com>, Mike Jewell
14319 (mlj3u@virginia.edu), Timothy Shimmin (tes@kbs.citri.edu.au), Joergen Haegg
14320 (jh@axis.se), Laurent Delfosse (delfosse@delfosse.com), Richard Resnick
14321 (applepi1@aol.com), Craig Bishop (csb@barwonwater.vic.gov.au), Tony Curtis
14322 (tc@vcpc.univie.ac.at), Tim Bunce (Tim.Bunce@ig.co.uk), Tom Christiansen
14323 (tchrist@convex.com), Andreas Koenig (k@franz.ww.TU-Berlin.DE), Tim
14324 MacKenzie (Tim.MacKenzie@fulcrum.com.au), Kevin B. Hendricks
14325 (kbhend@dogwood.tyler.wm.edu), Stephen Dahmen (joyfire@inxpress.net), Ed
14326 Jordan (ed@fidalgo.net), David Alan Pisoni (david@cnation.com), Doug
14327 MacEachern (dougm@opengroup.org), Robin Houston (robin@oneworld.org),
14328 ...and many many more..
14330 =item A COMPLETE EXAMPLE OF A SIMPLE FORM-BASED SCRIPT
14338 =head2 CGI::Apache - Backward compatibility module for CGI.pm
14348 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
14356 =head2 CGI::Carp, B<CGI::Carp> - CGI routines for writing to the HTTPD (or
14365 =item REDIRECTING ERROR MESSAGES
14367 =item MAKING PERL ERRORS APPEAR IN THE BROWSER WINDOW
14371 =item Changing the default message
14375 =item DOING MORE THAN PRINTING A MESSAGE IN THE EVENT OF PERL ERRORS
14377 =item MAKING WARNINGS APPEAR AS HTML COMMENTS
14379 =item OVERRIDING THE NAME OF THE PROGRAM
14387 =head2 CGI::Cookie - Interface to Netscape Cookies
14395 =item USING CGI::Cookie
14397 B<1. expiration date>, B<2. domain>, B<3. path>, B<4. secure flag>, B<4.
14402 =item Creating New Cookies
14404 =item Sending the Cookie to the Browser
14406 =item Recovering Previous Cookies
14408 =item Manipulating Cookies
14410 B<name()>, B<value()>, B<domain()>, B<path()>, B<expires()>
14414 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
14422 =head2 CGI::Fast - CGI Interface for Fast CGI
14430 =item OTHER PIECES OF THE PUZZLE
14432 =item WRITING FASTCGI PERL SCRIPTS
14434 =item INSTALLING FASTCGI SCRIPTS
14436 =item USING FASTCGI SCRIPTS AS CGI SCRIPTS
14438 =item EXTERNAL FASTCGI SERVER INVOCATION
14440 FCGI_SOCKET_PATH, FCGI_LISTEN_QUEUE
14444 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
14452 =head2 CGI::Pretty - module to produce nicely formatted HTML code
14462 =item Tags that won't be formatted
14464 =item Customizing the Indenting
14476 =head2 CGI::Push - Simple Interface to Server Push
14484 =item USING CGI::Push
14486 -next_page, -last_page, -type, -delay, -cookie, -target, -expires, -nph
14490 =item Heterogeneous Pages
14492 =item Changing the Page Delay on the Fly
14496 =item INSTALLING CGI::Push SCRIPTS
14498 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
14506 =head2 CGI::Switch - Backward compatibility module for defunct CGI::Switch
14516 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
14524 =head2 CGI::Util - Internal utilities used by CGI module
14532 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
14538 =head2 CORE - Pseudo-namespace for Perl's core routines
14546 =item OVERRIDING CORE FUNCTIONS
14554 =head2 CPAN - query, download and build perl modules from CPAN sites
14564 =item CPAN::shell([$prompt, $command]) Starting Interactive Mode
14566 Searching for authors, bundles, distribution files and modules, C<get>,
14567 C<make>, C<test>, C<install>, C<clean> modules or distributions, C<readme>,
14568 C<perldoc>, C<look> module or distribution, C<ls> author, C<ls>
14569 globbing_expression, C<failed>, Persistence between sessions, The C<force>
14570 and the C<fforce> pragma, Lockfile, Signals
14580 =item recent ***EXPERIMENTAL COMMAND***
14584 =item report Bundle|Distribution|Module
14586 =item smoke ***EXPERIMENTAL COMMAND***
14588 =item upgrade [Module|/Regex/]...
14590 =item The four C<CPAN::*> Classes: Author, Bundle, Module, Distribution
14592 =item Integrating local directories
14596 =item CONFIGURATION
14598 completion support, displaying some help: o conf help, displaying current
14599 values: o conf [KEY], changing of scalar values: o conf KEY VALUE, changing
14600 of list values: o conf KEY SHIFT|UNSHIFT|PUSH|POP|SPLICE|LIST, reverting to
14601 saved: o conf defaults, saving the config: o conf commit
14605 =item Config Variables
14607 C<o conf E<lt>scalar optionE<gt>>, C<o conf E<lt>scalar optionE<gt>
14608 E<lt>valueE<gt>>, C<o conf E<lt>list optionE<gt>>, C<o conf E<lt>list
14609 optionE<gt> [shift|pop]>, C<o conf E<lt>list optionE<gt>
14610 [unshift|push|splice] E<lt>listE<gt>>, interactive editing: o conf init
14613 =item CPAN::anycwd($path): Note on config variable getcwd
14615 cwd, getcwd, fastcwd, backtickcwd
14617 =item Note on the format of the urllist parameter
14619 =item The urllist parameter has CD-ROM support
14621 =item Maintaining the urllist parameter
14623 =item The C<requires> and C<build_requires> dependency declarations
14625 =item Configuration for individual distributions (I<Distroprefs>)
14629 =item Fallback Data::Dumper and Storable
14633 =item Language Specs
14635 comment [scalar], cpanconfig [hash], depends [hash] *** EXPERIMENTAL
14636 FEATURE ***, disabled [boolean], goto [string], install [hash], make
14637 [hash], match [hash], patches [array], pl [hash], test [hash]
14639 =item Processing Instructions
14641 args [array], commandline, eexpect [hash], env [hash], expect [array]
14643 =item Schema verification with C<Kwalify>
14645 =item Example Distroprefs Files
14649 =item PROGRAMMER'S INTERFACE
14651 expand($type,@things), expandany(@things), Programming Examples
14655 =item Methods in the other Classes
14657 CPAN::Author::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Author::as_string(),
14658 CPAN::Author::email(), CPAN::Author::fullname(), CPAN::Author::name(),
14659 CPAN::Bundle::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Bundle::as_string(),
14660 CPAN::Bundle::clean(), CPAN::Bundle::contains(),
14661 CPAN::Bundle::force($method,@args), CPAN::Bundle::get(),
14662 CPAN::Bundle::inst_file(), CPAN::Bundle::inst_version(),
14663 CPAN::Bundle::uptodate(), CPAN::Bundle::install(), CPAN::Bundle::make(),
14664 CPAN::Bundle::readme(), CPAN::Bundle::test(),
14665 CPAN::Distribution::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Distribution::as_string(),
14666 CPAN::Distribution::author, CPAN::Distribution::pretty_id(),
14667 CPAN::Distribution::base_id(), CPAN::Distribution::clean(),
14668 CPAN::Distribution::containsmods(), CPAN::Distribution::cvs_import(),
14669 CPAN::Distribution::dir(), CPAN::Distribution::force($method,@args),
14670 CPAN::Distribution::get(), CPAN::Distribution::install(),
14671 CPAN::Distribution::install_tested(), CPAN::Distribution::isa_perl(),
14672 CPAN::Distribution::is_tested(), CPAN::Distribution::look(),
14673 CPAN::Distribution::make(), CPAN::Distribution::perldoc(),
14674 CPAN::Distribution::prefs(), CPAN::Distribution::prereq_pm(),
14675 CPAN::Distribution::readme(), CPAN::Distribution::reports(),
14676 CPAN::Distribution::read_yaml(), CPAN::Distribution::test(),
14677 CPAN::Distribution::uptodate(), CPAN::Index::force_reload(),
14678 CPAN::Index::reload(), CPAN::InfoObj::dump(), CPAN::Module::as_glimpse(),
14679 CPAN::Module::as_string(), CPAN::Module::clean(),
14680 CPAN::Module::cpan_file(), CPAN::Module::cpan_version(),
14681 CPAN::Module::cvs_import(), CPAN::Module::description(),
14682 CPAN::Module::distribution(), CPAN::Module::dslip_status(),
14683 CPAN::Module::force($method,@args), CPAN::Module::get(),
14684 CPAN::Module::inst_file(), CPAN::Module::available_file(),
14685 CPAN::Module::inst_version(), CPAN::Module::available_version(),
14686 CPAN::Module::install(), CPAN::Module::look(), CPAN::Module::make(),
14687 CPAN::Module::manpage_headline(), CPAN::Module::perldoc(),
14688 CPAN::Module::readme(), CPAN::Module::reports(), CPAN::Module::test(),
14689 CPAN::Module::uptodate(), CPAN::Module::userid()
14691 =item Cache Manager
14697 =item PREREQUISITES
14703 =item Finding packages and VERSION
14707 o debug package.., o debug -package.., o debug all, o debug number
14709 =item Floppy, Zip, Offline Mode
14711 =item Basic Utilities for Programmers
14713 has_inst($module), has_usable($module), instance($module)
14721 =item Cryptographically signed modules
14729 =item POPULATE AN INSTALLATION WITH LOTS OF MODULES
14731 =item WORKING WITH CPAN.pm BEHIND FIREWALLS
14735 =item Three basic types of firewalls
14737 http firewall, ftp firewall, One way visibility, SOCKS, IP Masquerade
14739 =item Configuring lynx or ncftp for going through a firewall
14745 1), 2), 3), 4), 5), 6), 7), 8), 9), 10), 11), 12), 13), 14), 15), 16)
14747 =item COMPATIBILITY
14751 =item OLD PERL VERSIONS
14757 =item SECURITY ADVICE
14771 =head2 CPAN::API::HOWTO - a recipe book for programming with CPAN.pm
14779 =item What distribution contains a particular module?
14781 =item What modules does a particular distribution contain?
14793 =head2 CPAN::FirstTime - Utility for CPAN::Config file Initialization
14803 auto_commit, build_cache, build_dir, build_dir_reuse,
14804 build_requires_install_policy, cache_metadata, check_sigs, colorize_output,
14805 colorize_print, colorize_warn, colorize_debug, commandnumber_in_prompt,
14806 ftp_passive, getcwd, histfile, histsize, inactivity_timeout, index_expire,
14807 inhibit_startup_message, keep_source_where, load_module_verbosity,
14808 makepl_arg, make_arg, make_install_arg, make_install_make_command,
14809 mbuildpl_arg, mbuild_arg, mbuild_install_arg, mbuild_install_build_command,
14810 pager, prefer_installer, prefs_dir, prerequisites_policy,
14811 randomize_urllist, scan_cache, shell, show_unparsable_versions,
14812 show_upload_date, show_zero_versions, tar_verbosity, term_is_latin,
14813 term_ornaments, test_report, use_sqlite, yaml_load_code, yaml_module
14821 =head2 CPAN::Kwalify - Interface between CPAN.pm and Kwalify.pm
14829 _validate($schema_name, $data, $file, $doc), yaml($schema_name)
14837 =head2 CPAN::Version - utility functions to compare CPAN versions
14849 =head2 CPANPLUS - API & CLI access to the CPAN mirrors
14855 =item GUIDE TO DOCUMENTATION
14859 =item GENERAL USAGE
14861 =item API REFERENCE
14869 =item COMMANDLINE TOOLS
14873 =item STARTING AN INTERACTIVE SHELL
14875 =item BUILDING PACKAGES
14877 =item $bool = install( Module::Name | /A/AU/AUTHOR/Module-Name-1.tgz )
14879 =item $where = fetch( Module::Name | /A/AU/AUTHOR/Module-Name-1.tgz )
14881 =item $where = get( Module::Name | /A/AU/AUTHOR/Module-Name-1.tgz )
14897 =item CONTACT INFORMATION
14899 Bug reporting: I<bug-cpanplus@rt.cpan.org>, Questions & suggestions:
14900 I<cpanplus-devel@lists.sourceforge.net>
14904 =head2 CPANPLUS::Backend
14918 =item $cb = CPANPLUS::Backend->new( [CONFIGURE_OBJ] )
14920 Provide a valid C<CPANPLUS::Configure> object, No arguments
14928 =item $href = $cb->module_tree( [@modules_names_list] )
14934 =item $href = $cb->author_tree( [@author_names_list] )
14940 =item $conf = $cb->configure_object;
14946 =item $su = $cb->selfupdate_object;
14952 =item @mods = $cb->search( type => TYPE, allow => AREF, [data => AREF,
14959 =item $backend_rv = $cb->fetch( modules => \@mods )
14961 =item $backend_rv = $cb->extract( modules => \@mods )
14963 =item $backend_rv = $cb->install( modules => \@mods )
14965 =item $backend_rv = $cb->readme( modules => \@mods )
14967 =item $backend_rv = $cb->files( modules => \@mods )
14969 =item $backend_rv = $cb->distributions( modules => \@mods )
14975 =item $mod_obj = $cb->parse_module( module =>
14976 $modname|$distname|$modobj|URI )
14978 Text::Bastardize, Text-Bastardize, Text-Bastardize-1.06,
14979 AYRNIEU/Text-Bastardize, AYRNIEU/Text-Bastardize-1.06,
14980 AYRNIEU/Text-Bastardize-1.06.tar.gz,
14981 http://example.com/Text-Bastardize-1.06.tar.gz,
14982 file:///tmp/Text-Bastardize-1.06.tar.gz
14988 =item $bool = $cb->reload_indices( [update_source => BOOL, verbose => BOOL]
14995 =item $bool = $cb->flush(CACHE_NAME)
14997 C<methods>, C<hosts>, C<modules>, C<lib>, C<load>, C<all>
15003 =item @mods = $cb->installed()
15009 =item $bool = $cb->local_mirror([path => '/dir/to/save/to', index_files =>
15010 BOOL, force => BOOL, verbose => BOOL] )
15012 path, index_files, force, verbose
15018 =item $file = $cb->autobundle([path => OUTPUT_PATH, force => BOOL, verbose
15025 =item CUSTOM MODULE SOURCES
15029 =item %files = $cb->list_custom_sources
15037 =item $local_index = $cb->add_custom_source( uri => URI, [verbose => BOOL]
15044 =item $local_index = $cb->remove_custom_source( uri => URI, [verbose =>
15051 =item $bool = $cb->update_custom_source( [remote => URI] );
15057 =item $file = $cb->write_custom_source_index( path =>
15058 /path/to/package/root, [to => /path/to/index/file, verbose => BOOL] );
15074 =head2 CPANPLUS::Backend::RV
15086 =item new( ok => BOOL, args => DATA, rv => DATA, [function => $method_name]
15089 ok, args, rv, function
15105 =head2 CPANPLUS::Config
15111 =item CONFIGURATION
15117 =item Section 'conf'
15203 =head2 CPANPLUS::Configure
15215 =item $Configure = CPANPLUS::Configure->new( load_configs => BOOL )
15223 =item $bool = $Configure->init( [rescan => BOOL])
15229 =item can_save( [$config_location] )
15235 =item $file = $conf->save( [$package_name] )
15241 =item options( type => TYPE )
15251 =item get_SOMETHING( ITEM, [ITEM, ITEM, ... ] );
15253 =item set_SOMETHING( ITEM => VAL, [ITEM => VAL, ITEM => VAL, ... ] );
15255 =item add_SOMETHING( ITEM => VAL, [ITEM => VAL, ITEM => VAL, ... ] );
15257 set|get_conf, set|get_program, _set|_get_build, _set|_get_source,
15258 _set|_get_mirror, _set|_get_fetch
15276 =head2 CPANPLUS::Dist
15288 =item STATUS ACCESSORS
15290 created(), installed(), uninstalled(), dist()
15296 =item $dist = CPANPLUS::Dist->new( module => MODOBJ, [format => DIST_TYPE]
15303 =item @dists = CPANPLUS::Dist->dist_types;
15309 =item prereq_satisfied( modobj => $modobj, version => $version_spec )
15315 =item _resolve_prereqs
15319 =head2 CPANPLUS::Dist::Base - Base class for custom distribution classes
15335 =item $bool = $Class->format_available
15341 =item $bool = $dist->init
15347 =item $bool = $dist->prepare
15353 =item $bool = $dist->create
15359 =item $bool = $dist->install
15365 =item $bool = $dist->uninstall
15369 =head2 CPANPLUS::Dist::Build
15381 =item STATUS ACCESSORS
15383 build_pl (), build (), test (), prepared (), distdir (), created (),
15384 installed (), uninstalled (), _create_args (), _install_args (), _mb_object
15395 =item $bool = CPANPLUS::Dist::Build->format_available();
15403 =item $bool = $dist->init();
15409 =item $bool = $dist->prepare([perl => '/path/to/perl', buildflags =>
15410 'EXTRA=FLAGS', force => BOOL, verbose => BOOL])
15416 =item $dist->create([perl => '/path/to/perl', buildflags => 'EXTRA=FLAGS',
15417 prereq_target => TARGET, force => BOOL, verbose => BOOL, skiptest => BOOL])
15423 =item $dist->install([verbose => BOOL, perl => /path/to/perl])
15431 Module::Build can not be upgraded using its own API (#13169), Module::Build
15432 does not provide access to install history (#9793)
15440 =head2 CPANPLUS::Dist::MM
15450 =item STATUS ACCESSORS
15452 makefile (), make (), test (), prepared (), distdir (), created (),
15453 installed (), uninstalled (), _create_args (), _install_args ()
15463 =item $bool = $dist->format_available();
15471 =item $href = $dist->_find_prereqs( file => '/path/to/Makefile', [verbose
15478 =item $bool = $dist->create([perl => '/path/to/perl', make =>
15479 '/path/to/make', makeflags => 'EXTRA=FLAGS', prereq_target => TARGET,
15480 skiptest => BOOL, force => BOOL, verbose => BOOL])
15486 =item $bool = $dist->install([make => '/path/to/make', makemakerflags =>
15487 'EXTRA=FLAGS', force => BOOL, verbose => BOOL])
15493 =item $bool = $dist->write_makefile_pl([force => BOOL, verbose => BOOL])
15497 =head2 CPANPLUS::Dist::Sample -- Sample code to create your own Dist::*
15506 =head2 CPANPLUS::Error
15518 =item cp_msg("message string" [,VERBOSE])
15522 =item cp_error("error string" [,VERBOSE])
15528 =item CLASS METHODS
15532 =item CPANPLUS::Error->stack()
15534 =item CPANPLUS::Error->stack_as_string([TRACE])
15536 =item CPANPLUS::Error->flush()
15544 =item GLOBAL VARIABLES
15550 =head2 CPANPLUS::FAQ
15564 =head2 CPANPLUS::Hacking
15570 =item OBTAINING CPANPLUS
15572 =item INSTALLING CPANPLUS
15574 =item CONFIGURING CPANPLUS
15576 =item RUNNING CPANPLUS FROM DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENT
15578 =item RUNNING CPANPLUS TESTS
15582 Problem description, Program demonstrating the bug, [OPTIONAL] A patch to
15583 the test suite to test for the bug, [OPTIONAL] A patch to the code + tests
15586 =item SUPPLYING PATCHES
15588 In C<diff -u> or C<diff -c> format, From the root of the snapshot,
15589 Including patches for code + tests + docs, Sent per mail to
15590 cpanplus-devel@lists.sourceforge.net, With subject containing C<[PATCH]> +
15591 description of the patch
15595 =head2 CPANPLUS::Internals
15605 _conf, _id, _lib, _perl5lib
15615 =item $internals = CPANPLUS::Internals->_init( _conf => CONFIG_OBJ )
15623 =item $bool = $internals->_flush( list => \@caches )
15629 =item $bool = $internals->_register_callback( name => CALLBACK_NAME, code
15632 install_prerequisite, send_test_report, munge_test_report,
15633 edit_test_report, proceed_on_test_failure, munge_dist_metafile
15639 =item $bool = $internals->_add_to_includepath( directories => \@dirs )
15645 =item $id = CPANPLUS::Internals->_last_id
15647 =item $id = CPANPLUS::Internals->_store_id( $internals )
15649 =item $obj = CPANPLUS::Internals->_retrieve_id( $ID )
15651 =item CPANPLUS::Internals->_remove_id( $ID )
15653 =item @objs = CPANPLUS::Internals->_return_all_objects
15657 =head2 CPANPLUS::Internals::Extract
15667 =item $dir = _extract( module => $modobj, [perl => '/path/to/perl',
15668 extractdir => '/path/to/extract/to', prefer_bin => BOOL, verbose => BOOL,
15671 module, extractdir, prefer_bin, perl, verbose, force
15677 =head2 CPANPLUS::Internals::Fetch
15691 =item $path = _fetch( module => $modobj, [fetchdir => '/path/to/save/to',
15692 fetch_from => 'scheme://path/to/fetch/from', verbose => BOOL, force =>
15693 BOOL, prefer_bin => BOOL] )
15699 =item _add_fail_host( host => $host_hashref )
15701 =item _host_ok( host => $host_hashref )
15705 =head2 CPANPLUS::Internals::Report
15717 =item $bool = $cb->_have_query_report_modules
15719 =item $bool = $cb->_have_send_report_modules
15727 =item @list = $cb->_query_report( module => $modobj, [all_versions => BOOL,
15734 =item $bool = $cb->_send_report( module => $modobj, buffer => $make_output,
15735 failed => BOOL, [save => BOOL, address => $email_to, dontcc => BOOL,
15736 verbose => BOOL, force => BOOL]);
15738 module, buffer, failed, save, address, dontcc, verbose, force
15742 =head2 CPANPLUS::Internals::Search
15754 =item _search_module_tree( type => TYPE, allow => \@regexex, [data =>
15755 \@previous_results ] )
15765 =item _search_author_tree( type => TYPE, allow => \@regexex, [data =>
15766 \@previous_results ] )
15774 =item _all_installed()
15778 =head2 CPANPLUS::Internals::Source
15792 =item $cb->_check_trees( [update_source => BOOL, path => PATH, verbose =>
15795 update_source, path, verbose
15801 =item $cb->__check_uptodate( file => $file, name => $name, [update_source
15802 => BOOL, verbose => BOOL] )
15804 file, name, update_source, verbose
15810 =item $cb->_update_source( name => $name, [path => $path, verbose => BOOL]
15813 name, path, verbose
15819 =item $cb->_build_trees( uptodate => BOOL, [use_stored => BOOL, path =>
15820 $path, verbose => BOOL] )
15822 uptodate, path, verbose, use_stored
15828 =item $cb->__retrieve_source(name => $name, [path => $path, uptodate =>
15829 BOOL, verbose => BOOL])
15831 name, uptodate, path, verbose
15837 =item $cb->_save_source([verbose => BOOL, path => $path])
15845 =item $cb->__create_author_tree([path => $path, uptodate => BOOL, verbose
15848 uptodate, path, verbose
15854 =item $cb->_create_mod_tree([path => $path, uptodate => BOOL, verbose =>
15857 uptodate, path, verbose
15863 =item $cb->__create_dslip_tree([path => $path, uptodate => BOOL, verbose =>
15866 uptodate, path, verbose
15872 =item $cb->_dslip_defs ()
15878 =item $file = $cb->_add_custom_module_source( uri => URI, [verbose => BOOL]
15885 =item $index = $cb->__custom_module_source_index_file( uri => $uri );
15891 =item $file = $cb->_remove_custom_module_source( uri => URI, [verbose =>
15898 =item %files = $cb->__list_custom_module_sources
15904 =item $bool = $cb->__update_custom_module_sources( [verbose => BOOL] );
15910 =item $ok = $cb->__update_custom_module_source
15916 =item $bool = $cb->__write_custom_module_index( path => /path/to/packages,
15917 [to => /path/to/index/file, verbose => BOOL] )
15923 =item $bool = $cb->__create_custom_module_entries( [verbose => BOOL] )
15927 =head2 CPANPLUS::Internals::Utils
15939 =item $cb->_mkdir( dir => '/some/dir' )
15947 =item $cb->_chdir( dir => '/some/dir' )
15953 =item $cb->_rmdir( dir => '/some/dir' );
15959 =item $cb->_perl_version ( perl => 'some/perl/binary' );
15965 =item $cb->_version_to_number( version => $version );
15977 =item _get_file_contents( file => $file );
15983 =item $cb->_mode_plus_w( file => '/path/to/file' );
15989 =item $uri = $cb->_host_to_uri( scheme => SCHEME, host => HOST, path =>
15996 =item $cb->_vcmp( VERSION, VERSION );
16002 =item $cb->_home_dir
16008 =item $path = $cb->_safe_path( path => $path );
16014 =item ($pkg, $version, $ext) = $cb->_split_package_string( package =>
16019 =head2 CPANPLUS::Module
16031 =item CLASS METHODS
16045 name, module, version, path, comment, package, description, dslip
16049 status, author, parent
16053 =item STATUS ACCESSORS
16055 installer_type, dist_cpan, dist, prereqs, signature, extract, fetch,
16056 readme, uninstall, created, installed, checksums, checksum_ok,
16063 =item $self = CPANPLUS::Module::new( OPTIONS )
16071 =item $mod->package_name
16073 =item $mod->package_version
16075 =item $mod->package_extension
16077 =item $mod->package_is_perl_core
16079 =item $mod->module_is_supplied_with_perl_core( [version => $]] )
16081 =item $mod->is_bundle
16083 =item $mod->is_third_party
16085 =item $mod->third_party_information
16091 =item $clone = $self->clone
16097 =item $where = $self->fetch
16103 =item $path = $self->extract
16109 =item $type = $self->get_installer_type([prefer_makefile => BOOL])
16115 =item $dist = $self->dist([target => 'prepare|create', format =>
16116 DISTRIBUTION_TYPE, args => {key => val}]);
16122 =item $bool = $mod->prepare( )
16124 Convenience method around C<install()> that prepares a module
16125 without actually building it. This is equivalent to invoking C<install>
16126 with C<target> set to C<prepare>
16132 =item $bool = $mod->create( )
16138 =item $bool = $mod->test( )
16144 =item $bool = $self->install([ target => 'prepare|create|install', format
16145 => FORMAT_TYPE, extractdir => DIRECTORY, fetchdir => DIRECTORY, prefer_bin
16146 => BOOL, force => BOOL, verbose => BOOL, ..... ]);
16152 =item $text = $self->readme
16158 =item $version = $self->installed_version()
16160 =item $where = $self->installed_file()
16162 =item $bool = $self->is_uptodate([version => VERSION_NUMBER])
16168 =item $href = $self->details()
16174 =item @list = $self->contains()
16180 =item @list_of_hrefs = $self->fetch_report()
16186 =item $bool = $self->uninstall([type => [all|man|prog])
16192 =item @modobj = $self->distributions()
16198 =item @list = $self->files ()
16204 =item @list = $self->directory_tree ()
16210 =item @list = $self->packlist ()
16216 =item @list = $self->validate ()
16222 =item $bool = $self->add_to_includepath;
16224 =item $path = $self->best_path_to_module_build();
16238 =head2 CPANPLUS::Module::Author
16248 author, cpanid, email, parent
16258 =item $auth = CPANPLUS::Module::Author->new( author => AUTHOR_NAME, cpanid
16259 => CPAN_ID, _id => INTERNALS_ID [, email => AUTHOR_EMAIL] )
16267 =item @mod_objs = $auth->modules()
16273 =item @dists = $auth->distributions()
16279 =item CLASS METHODS
16289 =head2 CPANPLUS::Module::Author::Fake
16301 =item new( _id => DIGIT )
16307 =head2 CPANPLUS::Module::Checksums
16319 =item $mod->checksums
16325 =head2 CPANPLUS::Module::Fake
16337 =item new( module => $mod, path => $path, package => $pkg, [_id => DIGIT] )
16343 =head2 CPANPLUS::inc
16351 =head2 CPANPLUS::inc - runtime inclusion of privately bundled modules
16359 Put a coderef at the beginning of C<@INC>, Add the full path to the
16360 C<CPANPLUS/inc> directory to C<$ENV{PERL5LIB>
16366 =item CPANPLUS::inc->inc_path()
16368 =item CPANPLUS::inc->my_path()
16370 =item CPANPLUS::inc->installer_path()
16378 =item CPANPLUS::inc->original_perl5lib
16380 =item CPANPLUS::inc->original_perl5opt
16382 =item CPANPLUS::inc->original_inc
16384 =item CPANPLUS::inc->limited_perl5opt(@modules);
16390 =item CPANPLUS::inc->interesting_modules()
16396 =item INTERESTING MODULES
16398 Loop over your @INC, Check the version on every suitable module found in
16409 On multiple C<use lib> calls, our coderef may not be the first in @INC,
16410 Non-directories in @INC
16414 =head2 CPANPLUSelfupdate, CPANPLUS::Selfupdate
16428 =item $self = CPANPLUS::Selfupdate->new( $backend_object );
16436 =item %list = $self->list_modules_to_update( update =>
16437 "core|dependencies|enabled_features|features|all", [latest => BOOL] )
16439 List which modules C<selfupdate> would upgrade. You can update either
16440 the core (CPANPLUS itself), the core dependencies, all features you have
16441 currently turned on, or all features available, or everything.
16447 =item @features = $self->list_features
16453 =item @features = $self->list_enabled_features
16459 =item @mods = $self->modules_for_feature( FEATURE [,AS_HASH] )
16465 =item @mods = $self->list_core_dependencies( [AS_HASH] )
16471 =item @mods = $self->list_core_modules( [AS_HASH] )
16477 =item CPANPLUS::Selfupdate::Module
16483 =item $version = $mod->version_required
16489 =item $bool = $mod->is_installed_version_sufficient
16503 =head2 CPANPLUShell, CPANPLUS::Shell
16525 =head2 CPANPLUShell::Classic, CPANPLUS::Shell::Classic - CPAN.pm emulation
16548 =head2 CPANPLUShell::Default, CPANPLUS::Shell::Default
16570 =head2 CPANPLUShell::Default::Plugins::CustomSource,
16571 CPANPLUS::Shell::Default::Plugins::CustomSource
16577 ### elaborate help text
16578 CPAN Terminal> /? cs
16584 =head2 CPANPLUShell::Default::Plugins::HOWTO,
16585 CPANPLUS::Shell::Default::Plugins::HOWTO -- documentation on how to write
16596 =item Registering Plugin Modules
16598 =item Registering Plugin Commands
16600 =item Registering Plugin Help
16602 =item Arguments to Plugin Commands
16604 Classname -- The name of your plugin class, Shell -- The
16605 CPANPLUS::Shell::Default object, Backend -- The CPANPLUS::Backend object,
16606 Command -- The command issued by the user, Input -- The input string
16607 from the user, Options -- A hashref of options provided by the user
16621 =head2 CPANPLUShell::Default::Plugins::Remote,
16622 CPANPLUS::Shell::Default::Plugins::Remote
16644 =head2 CPANPLUShell::Default::Plugins::Source,
16645 CPANPLUS::Shell::Default::Plugins::Source
16667 =head2 CPANox, CPAN::Nox - Wrapper around CPAN.pm without using any XS
16682 =head2 Carp, carp - warn of errors (from perspective of caller)
16692 =item Forcing a Stack Trace
16696 =item GLOBAL VARIABLES
16700 =item $Carp::MaxEvalLen
16702 =item $Carp::MaxArgLen
16704 =item $Carp::MaxArgNums
16706 =item $Carp::Verbose
16708 =item %Carp::Internal
16710 =item %Carp::CarpInternal
16712 =item $Carp::CarpLevel
16720 =head2 Carp::Heavy - heavy machinery, no user serviceable parts inside
16722 =head2 Class::ISA -- report the search path for a class's ISA tree
16732 the function Class::ISA::super_path($CLASS), the function
16733 Class::ISA::self_and_super_path($CLASS), the function
16734 Class::ISA::self_and_super_versions($CLASS)
16736 =item CAUTIONARY NOTES
16744 =head2 Class::Struct - declare struct-like datatypes as Perl classes
16754 =item The C<struct()> function
16756 =item Class Creation at Compile Time
16758 =item Element Types and Accessor Methods
16760 Scalar (C<'$'> or C<'*$'>), Array (C<'@'> or C<'*@'>), Hash (C<'%'> or
16761 C<'*%'>), Class (C<'Class_Name'> or C<'*Class_Name'>)
16763 =item Initializing with C<new>
16769 Example 1, Example 2, Example 3
16771 =item Author and Modification History
16775 =head2 Compress::Raw::Zlib - Low-Level Interface to zlib compression
16784 =item Compress::Raw::Zlib::Deflate
16788 =item B<($d, $status) = new Compress::Raw::Zlib::Deflate( [OPT] ) >
16790 B<-Level>, B<-Method>, B<-WindowBits>, B<-MemLevel>, B<-Strategy>,
16791 B<-Dictionary>, B<-Bufsize>, B<-AppendOutput>, B<-CRC32>, B<-ADLER32>
16793 =item B<$status = $d-E<gt>deflate($input, $output)>
16795 =item B<$status = $d-E<gt>flush($output [, $flush_type]) >
16797 =item B<$status = $d-E<gt>deflateParams([OPT])>
16799 B<-Level>, B<-Strategy>, B<-BufSize>
16801 =item B<$status = $d-E<gt>deflateTune($good_length, $max_lazy,
16802 $nice_length, $max_chain)>
16804 =item B<$d-E<gt>dict_adler()>
16806 =item B<$d-E<gt>crc32()>
16808 =item B<$d-E<gt>adler32()>
16810 =item B<$d-E<gt>msg()>
16812 =item B<$d-E<gt>total_in()>
16814 =item B<$d-E<gt>total_out()>
16816 =item B<$d-E<gt>get_Strategy()>
16818 =item B<$d-E<gt>get_Level()>
16820 =item B<$d-E<gt>get_BufSize()>
16826 =item Compress::Raw::Zlib::Inflate
16830 =item B< ($i, $status) = new Compress::Raw::Zlib::Inflate( [OPT] ) >
16832 B<-WindowBits>, B<-Bufsize>, B<-Dictionary>, B<-AppendOutput>, B<-CRC32>,
16833 B<-ADLER32>, B<-ConsumeInput>
16835 =item B< $status = $i-E<gt>inflate($input, $output [,$eof]) >
16837 =item B<$status = $i-E<gt>inflateSync($input)>
16839 =item B<$i-E<gt>dict_adler()>
16841 =item B<$i-E<gt>crc32()>
16843 =item B<$i-E<gt>adler32()>
16845 =item B<$i-E<gt>msg()>
16847 =item B<$i-E<gt>total_in()>
16849 =item B<$i-E<gt>total_out()>
16851 =item B<$d-E<gt>get_BufSize()>
16857 =item CHECKSUM FUNCTIONS
16859 =item ACCESSING ZIP FILES
16867 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
16869 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
16873 =head2 Compress::Raw::Zlib::Compress::Raw::Zlib, Compress::Raw::Zlib -
16874 Low-Level Interface to zlib compression library
16882 =item Compress::Raw::Zlib::Deflate
16886 =item B<($d, $status) = new Compress::Raw::Zlib::Deflate( [OPT] ) >
16888 B<-Level>, B<-Method>, B<-WindowBits>, B<-MemLevel>, B<-Strategy>,
16889 B<-Dictionary>, B<-Bufsize>, B<-AppendOutput>, B<-CRC32>, B<-ADLER32>
16891 =item B<$status = $d-E<gt>deflate($input, $output)>
16893 =item B<$status = $d-E<gt>flush($output [, $flush_type]) >
16895 =item B<$status = $d-E<gt>deflateParams([OPT])>
16897 B<-Level>, B<-Strategy>, B<-BufSize>
16899 =item B<$status = $d-E<gt>deflateTune($good_length, $max_lazy,
16900 $nice_length, $max_chain)>
16902 =item B<$d-E<gt>dict_adler()>
16904 =item B<$d-E<gt>crc32()>
16906 =item B<$d-E<gt>adler32()>
16908 =item B<$d-E<gt>msg()>
16910 =item B<$d-E<gt>total_in()>
16912 =item B<$d-E<gt>total_out()>
16914 =item B<$d-E<gt>get_Strategy()>
16916 =item B<$d-E<gt>get_Level()>
16918 =item B<$d-E<gt>get_BufSize()>
16924 =item Compress::Raw::Zlib::Inflate
16928 =item B< ($i, $status) = new Compress::Raw::Zlib::Inflate( [OPT] ) >
16930 B<-WindowBits>, B<-Bufsize>, B<-Dictionary>, B<-AppendOutput>, B<-CRC32>,
16931 B<-ADLER32>, B<-ConsumeInput>
16933 =item B< $status = $i-E<gt>inflate($input, $output [,$eof]) >
16935 =item B<$status = $i-E<gt>inflateSync($input)>
16937 =item B<$i-E<gt>dict_adler()>
16939 =item B<$i-E<gt>crc32()>
16941 =item B<$i-E<gt>adler32()>
16943 =item B<$i-E<gt>msg()>
16945 =item B<$i-E<gt>total_in()>
16947 =item B<$i-E<gt>total_out()>
16949 =item B<$d-E<gt>get_BufSize()>
16955 =item CHECKSUM FUNCTIONS
16957 =item ACCESSING ZIP FILES
16965 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
16967 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
16971 =head2 Compress::Zlib - Interface to zlib compression library
16981 =item Notes for users of Compress::Zlib version 1
16985 =item GZIP INTERFACE
16987 B<$gz = gzopen($filename, $mode)>, B<$gz = gzopen($filehandle, $mode)>,
16988 B<$bytesread = $gz-E<gt>gzread($buffer [, $size]) ;>, B<$bytesread =
16989 $gz-E<gt>gzreadline($line) ;>, B<$byteswritten = $gz-E<gt>gzwrite($buffer)
16990 ;>, B<$status = $gz-E<gt>gzflush($flush_type) ;>, B<$offset =
16991 $gz-E<gt>gztell() ;>, B<$status = $gz-E<gt>gzseek($offset, $whence) ;>,
16992 B<$gz-E<gt>gzclose>, B<$gz-E<gt>gzsetparams($level, $strategy>, B<$level>,
16993 B<$strategy>, B<$gz-E<gt>gzerror>, B<$gzerrno>
16999 =item Compress::Zlib::memGzip
17001 =item Compress::Zlib::memGunzip
17005 =item COMPRESS/UNCOMPRESS
17007 B<$dest = compress($source [, $level] ) ;>, B<$dest = uncompress($source)
17010 =item Deflate Interface
17014 =item B<($d, $status) = deflateInit( [OPT] )>
17016 B<-Level>, B<-Method>, B<-WindowBits>, B<-MemLevel>, B<-Strategy>,
17017 B<-Dictionary>, B<-Bufsize>
17019 =item B<($out, $status) = $d-E<gt>deflate($buffer)>
17021 =item B<($out, $status) = $d-E<gt>flush([flush_type])>
17023 =item B<$status = $d-E<gt>deflateParams([OPT])>
17025 B<-Level>, B<-Strategy>
17027 =item B<$d-E<gt>dict_adler()>
17029 =item B<$d-E<gt>msg()>
17031 =item B<$d-E<gt>total_in()>
17033 =item B<$d-E<gt>total_out()>
17039 =item Inflate Interface
17043 =item B<($i, $status) = inflateInit()>
17045 B<-WindowBits>, B<-Bufsize>, B<-Dictionary>
17047 =item B<($out, $status) = $i-E<gt>inflate($buffer)>
17049 =item B<$status = $i-E<gt>inflateSync($buffer)>
17051 =item B<$i-E<gt>dict_adler()>
17053 =item B<$i-E<gt>msg()>
17055 =item B<$i-E<gt>total_in()>
17057 =item B<$i-E<gt>total_out()>
17063 =item CHECKSUM FUNCTIONS
17071 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
17073 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
17077 =head2 Compress::Zlib::Compress::Zlib, Compress::Zlib - Interface to zlib
17078 compression library
17088 =item Notes for users of Compress::Zlib version 1
17092 =item GZIP INTERFACE
17094 B<$gz = gzopen($filename, $mode)>, B<$gz = gzopen($filehandle, $mode)>,
17095 B<$bytesread = $gz-E<gt>gzread($buffer [, $size]) ;>, B<$bytesread =
17096 $gz-E<gt>gzreadline($line) ;>, B<$byteswritten = $gz-E<gt>gzwrite($buffer)
17097 ;>, B<$status = $gz-E<gt>gzflush($flush_type) ;>, B<$offset =
17098 $gz-E<gt>gztell() ;>, B<$status = $gz-E<gt>gzseek($offset, $whence) ;>,
17099 B<$gz-E<gt>gzclose>, B<$gz-E<gt>gzsetparams($level, $strategy>, B<$level>,
17100 B<$strategy>, B<$gz-E<gt>gzerror>, B<$gzerrno>
17106 =item Compress::Zlib::memGzip
17108 =item Compress::Zlib::memGunzip
17112 =item COMPRESS/UNCOMPRESS
17114 B<$dest = compress($source [, $level] ) ;>, B<$dest = uncompress($source)
17117 =item Deflate Interface
17121 =item B<($d, $status) = deflateInit( [OPT] )>
17123 B<-Level>, B<-Method>, B<-WindowBits>, B<-MemLevel>, B<-Strategy>,
17124 B<-Dictionary>, B<-Bufsize>
17126 =item B<($out, $status) = $d-E<gt>deflate($buffer)>
17128 =item B<($out, $status) = $d-E<gt>flush([flush_type])>
17130 =item B<$status = $d-E<gt>deflateParams([OPT])>
17132 B<-Level>, B<-Strategy>
17134 =item B<$d-E<gt>dict_adler()>
17136 =item B<$d-E<gt>msg()>
17138 =item B<$d-E<gt>total_in()>
17140 =item B<$d-E<gt>total_out()>
17146 =item Inflate Interface
17150 =item B<($i, $status) = inflateInit()>
17152 B<-WindowBits>, B<-Bufsize>, B<-Dictionary>
17154 =item B<($out, $status) = $i-E<gt>inflate($buffer)>
17156 =item B<$status = $i-E<gt>inflateSync($buffer)>
17158 =item B<$i-E<gt>dict_adler()>
17160 =item B<$i-E<gt>msg()>
17162 =item B<$i-E<gt>total_in()>
17164 =item B<$i-E<gt>total_out()>
17170 =item CHECKSUM FUNCTIONS
17178 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
17180 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
17184 =head2 Config - access Perl configuration information
17192 myconfig(), config_sh(), config_re($regex), config_vars(@names)
17204 C<_a>, C<_exe>, C<_o>
17208 C<afs>, C<afsroot>, C<alignbytes>, C<ansi2knr>, C<aphostname>,
17209 C<api_revision>, C<api_subversion>, C<api_version>, C<api_versionstring>,
17210 C<ar>, C<archlib>, C<archlibexp>, C<archname>, C<archname64>, C<archobjs>,
17211 C<asctime_r_proto>, C<awk>
17215 C<baserev>, C<bash>, C<bin>, C<binexp>, C<bison>, C<byacc>, C<byteorder>
17219 C<c>, C<castflags>, C<cat>, C<cc>, C<cccdlflags>, C<ccdlflags>, C<ccflags>,
17220 C<ccflags_uselargefiles>, C<ccname>, C<ccsymbols>, C<ccversion>, C<cf_by>,
17221 C<cf_email>, C<cf_time>, C<chgrp>, C<chmod>, C<chown>, C<clocktype>,
17222 C<comm>, C<compress>, C<contains>, C<cp>, C<cpio>, C<cpp>, C<cpp_stuff>,
17223 C<cppccsymbols>, C<cppflags>, C<cpplast>, C<cppminus>, C<cpprun>,
17224 C<cppstdin>, C<cppsymbols>, C<crypt_r_proto>, C<cryptlib>, C<csh>,
17225 C<ctermid_r_proto>, C<ctime_r_proto>
17229 C<d__fwalk>, C<d_access>, C<d_accessx>, C<d_aintl>, C<d_alarm>,
17230 C<d_archlib>, C<d_asctime_r>, C<d_atolf>, C<d_atoll>,
17231 C<d_attribute_format>, C<d_attribute_malloc>, C<d_attribute_nonnull>,
17232 C<d_attribute_noreturn>, C<d_attribute_pure>, C<d_attribute_unused>,
17233 C<d_attribute_warn_unused_result>, C<d_bcmp>, C<d_bcopy>, C<d_bsd>,
17234 C<d_bsdgetpgrp>, C<d_bsdsetpgrp>, C<d_builtin_choose_expr>,
17235 C<d_builtin_expect>, C<d_bzero>, C<d_c99_variadic_macros>, C<d_casti32>,
17236 C<d_castneg>, C<d_charvspr>, C<d_chown>, C<d_chroot>, C<d_chsize>,
17237 C<d_class>, C<d_clearenv>, C<d_closedir>, C<d_cmsghdr_s>, C<d_const>,
17238 C<d_copysignl>, C<d_cplusplus>, C<d_crypt>, C<d_crypt_r>, C<d_csh>,
17239 C<d_ctermid>, C<d_ctermid_r>, C<d_ctime_r>, C<d_cuserid>, C<d_dbl_dig>,
17240 C<d_dbminitproto>, C<d_difftime>, C<d_dir_dd_fd>, C<d_dirfd>,
17241 C<d_dirnamlen>, C<d_dlerror>, C<d_dlopen>, C<d_dlsymun>, C<d_dosuid>,
17242 C<d_drand48_r>, C<d_drand48proto>, C<d_dup2>, C<d_eaccess>, C<d_endgrent>,
17243 C<d_endgrent_r>, C<d_endhent>, C<d_endhostent_r>, C<d_endnent>,
17244 C<d_endnetent_r>, C<d_endpent>, C<d_endprotoent_r>, C<d_endpwent>,
17245 C<d_endpwent_r>, C<d_endsent>, C<d_endservent_r>, C<d_eofnblk>,
17246 C<d_eunice>, C<d_faststdio>, C<d_fchdir>, C<d_fchmod>, C<d_fchown>,
17247 C<d_fcntl>, C<d_fcntl_can_lock>, C<d_fd_macros>, C<d_fd_set>,
17248 C<d_fds_bits>, C<d_fgetpos>, C<d_finite>, C<d_finitel>, C<d_flexfnam>,
17249 C<d_flock>, C<d_flockproto>, C<d_fork>, C<d_fp_class>, C<d_fpathconf>,
17250 C<d_fpclass>, C<d_fpclassify>, C<d_fpclassl>, C<d_fpos64_t>, C<d_frexpl>,
17251 C<d_fs_data_s>, C<d_fseeko>, C<d_fsetpos>, C<d_fstatfs>, C<d_fstatvfs>,
17252 C<d_fsync>, C<d_ftello>, C<d_ftime>, C<d_futimes>, C<d_Gconvert>,
17253 C<d_getcwd>, C<d_getespwnam>, C<d_getfsstat>, C<d_getgrent>,
17254 C<d_getgrent_r>, C<d_getgrgid_r>, C<d_getgrnam_r>, C<d_getgrps>,
17255 C<d_gethbyaddr>, C<d_gethbyname>, C<d_gethent>, C<d_gethname>,
17256 C<d_gethostbyaddr_r>, C<d_gethostbyname_r>, C<d_gethostent_r>,
17257 C<d_gethostprotos>, C<d_getitimer>, C<d_getlogin>, C<d_getlogin_r>,
17258 C<d_getmnt>, C<d_getmntent>, C<d_getnbyaddr>, C<d_getnbyname>,
17259 C<d_getnent>, C<d_getnetbyaddr_r>, C<d_getnetbyname_r>, C<d_getnetent_r>,
17260 C<d_getnetprotos>, C<d_getpagsz>, C<d_getpbyname>, C<d_getpbynumber>,
17261 C<d_getpent>, C<d_getpgid>, C<d_getpgrp>, C<d_getpgrp2>, C<d_getppid>,
17262 C<d_getprior>, C<d_getprotobyname_r>, C<d_getprotobynumber_r>,
17263 C<d_getprotoent_r>, C<d_getprotoprotos>, C<d_getprpwnam>, C<d_getpwent>,
17264 C<d_getpwent_r>, C<d_getpwnam_r>, C<d_getpwuid_r>, C<d_getsbyname>,
17265 C<d_getsbyport>, C<d_getsent>, C<d_getservbyname_r>, C<d_getservbyport_r>,
17266 C<d_getservent_r>, C<d_getservprotos>, C<d_getspnam>, C<d_getspnam_r>,
17267 C<d_gettimeod>, C<d_gmtime_r>, C<d_gnulibc>, C<d_grpasswd>, C<d_hasmntopt>,
17268 C<d_htonl>, C<d_ilogbl>, C<d_inc_version_list>, C<d_index>, C<d_inetaton>,
17269 C<d_int64_t>, C<d_isascii>, C<d_isfinite>, C<d_isinf>, C<d_isnan>,
17270 C<d_isnanl>, C<d_killpg>, C<d_lchown>, C<d_ldbl_dig>,
17271 C<d_libm_lib_version>, C<d_link>, C<d_localtime_r>,
17272 C<d_localtime_r_needs_tzset>, C<d_locconv>, C<d_lockf>, C<d_longdbl>,
17273 C<d_longlong>, C<d_lseekproto>, C<d_lstat>, C<d_madvise>,
17274 C<d_malloc_good_size>, C<d_malloc_size>, C<d_mblen>, C<d_mbstowcs>,
17275 C<d_mbtowc>, C<d_memchr>, C<d_memcmp>, C<d_memcpy>, C<d_memmove>,
17276 C<d_memset>, C<d_mkdir>, C<d_mkdtemp>, C<d_mkfifo>, C<d_mkstemp>,
17277 C<d_mkstemps>, C<d_mktime>, C<d_mmap>, C<d_modfl>, C<d_modfl_pow32_bug>,
17278 C<d_modflproto>, C<d_mprotect>, C<d_msg>, C<d_msg_ctrunc>,
17279 C<d_msg_dontroute>, C<d_msg_oob>, C<d_msg_peek>, C<d_msg_proxy>,
17280 C<d_msgctl>, C<d_msgget>, C<d_msghdr_s>, C<d_msgrcv>, C<d_msgsnd>,
17281 C<d_msync>, C<d_munmap>, C<d_mymalloc>, C<d_nice>, C<d_nl_langinfo>,
17282 C<d_nv_preserves_uv>, C<d_nv_zero_is_allbits_zero>, C<d_off64_t>,
17283 C<d_old_pthread_create_joinable>, C<d_oldpthreads>, C<d_oldsock>,
17284 C<d_open3>, C<d_pathconf>, C<d_pause>, C<d_perl_otherlibdirs>,
17285 C<d_phostname>, C<d_pipe>, C<d_poll>, C<d_portable>, C<d_PRId64>,
17286 C<d_PRIeldbl>, C<d_PRIEUldbl>, C<d_PRIfldbl>, C<d_PRIFUldbl>,
17287 C<d_PRIgldbl>, C<d_PRIGUldbl>, C<d_PRIi64>, C<d_printf_format_null>,
17288 C<d_PRIo64>, C<d_PRIu64>, C<d_PRIx64>, C<d_PRIXU64>, C<d_procselfexe>,
17289 C<d_pseudofork>, C<d_pthread_atfork>, C<d_pthread_attr_setscope>,
17290 C<d_pthread_yield>, C<d_pwage>, C<d_pwchange>, C<d_pwclass>,
17291 C<d_pwcomment>, C<d_pwexpire>, C<d_pwgecos>, C<d_pwpasswd>, C<d_pwquota>,
17292 C<d_qgcvt>, C<d_quad>, C<d_random_r>, C<d_readdir>, C<d_readdir64_r>,
17293 C<d_readdir_r>, C<d_readlink>, C<d_readv>, C<d_recvmsg>, C<d_rename>,
17294 C<d_rewinddir>, C<d_rmdir>, C<d_safebcpy>, C<d_safemcpy>, C<d_sanemcmp>,
17295 C<d_sbrkproto>, C<d_scalbnl>, C<d_sched_yield>, C<d_scm_rights>,
17296 C<d_SCNfldbl>, C<d_seekdir>, C<d_select>, C<d_sem>, C<d_semctl>,
17297 C<d_semctl_semid_ds>, C<d_semctl_semun>, C<d_semget>, C<d_semop>,
17298 C<d_sendmsg>, C<d_setegid>, C<d_seteuid>, C<d_setgrent>, C<d_setgrent_r>,
17299 C<d_setgrps>, C<d_sethent>, C<d_sethostent_r>, C<d_setitimer>,
17300 C<d_setlinebuf>, C<d_setlocale>, C<d_setlocale_r>, C<d_setnent>,
17301 C<d_setnetent_r>, C<d_setpent>, C<d_setpgid>, C<d_setpgrp>, C<d_setpgrp2>,
17302 C<d_setprior>, C<d_setproctitle>, C<d_setprotoent_r>, C<d_setpwent>,
17303 C<d_setpwent_r>, C<d_setregid>, C<d_setresgid>, C<d_setresuid>,
17304 C<d_setreuid>, C<d_setrgid>, C<d_setruid>, C<d_setsent>, C<d_setservent_r>,
17305 C<d_setsid>, C<d_setvbuf>, C<d_sfio>, C<d_shm>, C<d_shmat>,
17306 C<d_shmatprototype>, C<d_shmctl>, C<d_shmdt>, C<d_shmget>, C<d_sigaction>,
17307 C<d_signbit>, C<d_sigprocmask>, C<d_sigsetjmp>, C<d_sitearch>,
17308 C<d_snprintf>, C<d_sockatmark>, C<d_sockatmarkproto>, C<d_socket>,
17309 C<d_socklen_t>, C<d_sockpair>, C<d_socks5_init>,
17310 C<d_sprintf_returns_strlen>, C<d_sqrtl>, C<d_srand48_r>, C<d_srandom_r>,
17311 C<d_sresgproto>, C<d_sresuproto>, C<d_statblks>, C<d_statfs_f_flags>,
17312 C<d_statfs_s>, C<d_statvfs>, C<d_stdio_cnt_lval>, C<d_stdio_ptr_lval>,
17313 C<d_stdio_ptr_lval_nochange_cnt>, C<d_stdio_ptr_lval_sets_cnt>,
17314 C<d_stdio_stream_array>, C<d_stdiobase>, C<d_stdstdio>, C<d_strchr>,
17315 C<d_strcoll>, C<d_strctcpy>, C<d_strerrm>, C<d_strerror>, C<d_strerror_r>,
17316 C<d_strftime>, C<d_strlcat>, C<d_strlcpy>, C<d_strtod>, C<d_strtol>,
17317 C<d_strtold>, C<d_strtoll>, C<d_strtoq>, C<d_strtoul>, C<d_strtoull>,
17318 C<d_strtouq>, C<d_strxfrm>, C<d_suidsafe>, C<d_symlink>, C<d_syscall>,
17319 C<d_syscallproto>, C<d_sysconf>, C<d_sysernlst>, C<d_syserrlst>,
17320 C<d_system>, C<d_tcgetpgrp>, C<d_tcsetpgrp>, C<d_telldir>,
17321 C<d_telldirproto>, C<d_time>, C<d_times>, C<d_tm_tm_gmtoff>,
17322 C<d_tm_tm_zone>, C<d_tmpnam_r>, C<d_truncate>, C<d_ttyname_r>, C<d_tzname>,
17323 C<d_u32align>, C<d_ualarm>, C<d_umask>, C<d_uname>, C<d_union_semun>,
17324 C<d_unordered>, C<d_unsetenv>, C<d_usleep>, C<d_usleepproto>, C<d_ustat>,
17325 C<d_vendorarch>, C<d_vendorbin>, C<d_vendorlib>, C<d_vendorscript>,
17326 C<d_vfork>, C<d_void_closedir>, C<d_voidsig>, C<d_voidtty>, C<d_volatile>,
17327 C<d_vprintf>, C<d_vsnprintf>, C<d_wait4>, C<d_waitpid>, C<d_wcstombs>,
17328 C<d_wctomb>, C<d_writev>, C<d_xenix>, C<date>, C<db_hashtype>,
17329 C<db_prefixtype>, C<db_version_major>, C<db_version_minor>,
17330 C<db_version_patch>, C<defvoidused>, C<direntrytype>, C<dlext>, C<dlsrc>,
17331 C<doublesize>, C<drand01>, C<drand48_r_proto>, C<dynamic_ext>
17335 C<eagain>, C<ebcdic>, C<echo>, C<egrep>, C<emacs>, C<endgrent_r_proto>,
17336 C<endhostent_r_proto>, C<endnetent_r_proto>, C<endprotoent_r_proto>,
17337 C<endpwent_r_proto>, C<endservent_r_proto>, C<eunicefix>, C<exe_ext>,
17338 C<expr>, C<extensions>, C<extras>
17342 C<fflushall>, C<fflushNULL>, C<find>, C<firstmakefile>, C<flex>,
17343 C<fpossize>, C<fpostype>, C<freetype>, C<from>, C<full_ar>, C<full_csh>,
17348 C<gccansipedantic>, C<gccosandvers>, C<gccversion>, C<getgrent_r_proto>,
17349 C<getgrgid_r_proto>, C<getgrnam_r_proto>, C<gethostbyaddr_r_proto>,
17350 C<gethostbyname_r_proto>, C<gethostent_r_proto>, C<getlogin_r_proto>,
17351 C<getnetbyaddr_r_proto>, C<getnetbyname_r_proto>, C<getnetent_r_proto>,
17352 C<getprotobyname_r_proto>, C<getprotobynumber_r_proto>,
17353 C<getprotoent_r_proto>, C<getpwent_r_proto>, C<getpwnam_r_proto>,
17354 C<getpwuid_r_proto>, C<getservbyname_r_proto>, C<getservbyport_r_proto>,
17355 C<getservent_r_proto>, C<getspnam_r_proto>, C<gidformat>, C<gidsign>,
17356 C<gidsize>, C<gidtype>, C<glibpth>, C<gmake>, C<gmtime_r_proto>,
17357 C<gnulibc_version>, C<grep>, C<groupcat>, C<groupstype>, C<gzip>
17361 C<h_fcntl>, C<h_sysfile>, C<hint>, C<hostcat>, C<html1dir>, C<html1direxp>,
17362 C<html3dir>, C<html3direxp>
17366 C<i16size>, C<i16type>, C<i32size>, C<i32type>, C<i64size>, C<i64type>,
17367 C<i8size>, C<i8type>, C<i_arpainet>, C<i_bsdioctl>, C<i_crypt>, C<i_db>,
17368 C<i_dbm>, C<i_dirent>, C<i_dld>, C<i_dlfcn>, C<i_fcntl>, C<i_float>,
17369 C<i_fp>, C<i_fp_class>, C<i_gdbm>, C<i_grp>, C<i_ieeefp>, C<i_inttypes>,
17370 C<i_langinfo>, C<i_libutil>, C<i_limits>, C<i_locale>, C<i_machcthr>,
17371 C<i_malloc>, C<i_math>, C<i_memory>, C<i_mntent>, C<i_ndbm>, C<i_netdb>,
17372 C<i_neterrno>, C<i_netinettcp>, C<i_niin>, C<i_poll>, C<i_prot>,
17373 C<i_pthread>, C<i_pwd>, C<i_rpcsvcdbm>, C<i_sfio>, C<i_sgtty>, C<i_shadow>,
17374 C<i_socks>, C<i_stdarg>, C<i_stddef>, C<i_stdlib>, C<i_string>,
17375 C<i_sunmath>, C<i_sysaccess>, C<i_sysdir>, C<i_sysfile>, C<i_sysfilio>,
17376 C<i_sysin>, C<i_sysioctl>, C<i_syslog>, C<i_sysmman>, C<i_sysmode>,
17377 C<i_sysmount>, C<i_sysndir>, C<i_sysparam>, C<i_sysresrc>, C<i_syssecrt>,
17378 C<i_sysselct>, C<i_syssockio>, C<i_sysstat>, C<i_sysstatfs>,
17379 C<i_sysstatvfs>, C<i_systime>, C<i_systimek>, C<i_systimes>, C<i_systypes>,
17380 C<i_sysuio>, C<i_sysun>, C<i_sysutsname>, C<i_sysvfs>, C<i_syswait>,
17381 C<i_termio>, C<i_termios>, C<i_time>, C<i_unistd>, C<i_ustat>, C<i_utime>,
17382 C<i_values>, C<i_varargs>, C<i_varhdr>, C<i_vfork>,
17383 C<ignore_versioned_solibs>, C<inc_version_list>, C<inc_version_list_init>,
17384 C<incpath>, C<inews>, C<initialinstalllocation>, C<installarchlib>,
17385 C<installbin>, C<installhtml1dir>, C<installhtml3dir>, C<installman1dir>,
17386 C<installman3dir>, C<installprefix>, C<installprefixexp>,
17387 C<installprivlib>, C<installscript>, C<installsitearch>, C<installsitebin>,
17388 C<installsitehtml1dir>, C<installsitehtml3dir>, C<installsitelib>,
17389 C<installsiteman1dir>, C<installsiteman3dir>, C<installsitescript>,
17390 C<installstyle>, C<installusrbinperl>, C<installvendorarch>,
17391 C<installvendorbin>, C<installvendorhtml1dir>, C<installvendorhtml3dir>,
17392 C<installvendorlib>, C<installvendorman1dir>, C<installvendorman3dir>,
17393 C<installvendorscript>, C<intsize>, C<issymlink>, C<ivdformat>, C<ivsize>,
17398 C<known_extensions>, C<ksh>
17402 C<ld>, C<lddlflags>, C<ldflags>, C<ldflags_uselargefiles>, C<ldlibpthname>,
17403 C<less>, C<lib_ext>, C<libc>, C<libperl>, C<libpth>, C<libs>, C<libsdirs>,
17404 C<libsfiles>, C<libsfound>, C<libspath>, C<libswanted>,
17405 C<libswanted_uselargefiles>, C<line>, C<lint>, C<lkflags>, C<ln>, C<lns>,
17406 C<localtime_r_proto>, C<locincpth>, C<loclibpth>, C<longdblsize>,
17407 C<longlongsize>, C<longsize>, C<lp>, C<lpr>, C<ls>, C<lseeksize>,
17412 C<mad>, C<madlyh>, C<madlyobj>, C<madlysrc>, C<mail>, C<mailx>, C<make>,
17413 C<make_set_make>, C<mallocobj>, C<mallocsrc>, C<malloctype>, C<man1dir>,
17414 C<man1direxp>, C<man1ext>, C<man3dir>, C<man3direxp>, C<man3ext>
17418 C<Mcc>, C<mips_type>, C<mistrustnm>, C<mkdir>, C<mmaptype>, C<modetype>,
17419 C<more>, C<multiarch>, C<mv>, C<myarchname>, C<mydomain>, C<myhostname>,
17424 C<n>, C<need_va_copy>, C<netdb_hlen_type>, C<netdb_host_type>,
17425 C<netdb_name_type>, C<netdb_net_type>, C<nm>, C<nm_opt>, C<nm_so_opt>,
17426 C<nonxs_ext>, C<nroff>, C<nv_preserves_uv_bits>, C<nveformat>,
17427 C<nvEUformat>, C<nvfformat>, C<nvFUformat>, C<nvgformat>, C<nvGUformat>,
17428 C<nvsize>, C<nvtype>
17432 C<o_nonblock>, C<obj_ext>, C<old_pthread_create_joinable>, C<optimize>,
17433 C<orderlib>, C<osname>, C<osvers>, C<otherlibdirs>
17437 C<package>, C<pager>, C<passcat>, C<patchlevel>, C<path_sep>, C<perl>,
17442 C<PERL_API_REVISION>, C<PERL_API_SUBVERSION>, C<PERL_API_VERSION>,
17443 C<PERL_CONFIG_SH>, C<PERL_PATCHLEVEL>, C<perl_patchlevel>,
17444 C<PERL_REVISION>, C<PERL_SUBVERSION>, C<PERL_VERSION>, C<perladmin>,
17445 C<perllibs>, C<perlpath>, C<pg>, C<phostname>, C<pidtype>, C<plibpth>,
17446 C<pmake>, C<pr>, C<prefix>, C<prefixexp>, C<privlib>, C<privlibexp>,
17447 C<procselfexe>, C<prototype>, C<ptrsize>
17451 C<quadkind>, C<quadtype>
17455 C<randbits>, C<randfunc>, C<random_r_proto>, C<randseedtype>, C<ranlib>,
17456 C<rd_nodata>, C<readdir64_r_proto>, C<readdir_r_proto>, C<revision>, C<rm>,
17457 C<rm_try>, C<rmail>, C<run>, C<runnm>
17461 C<sched_yield>, C<scriptdir>, C<scriptdirexp>, C<sed>, C<seedfunc>,
17462 C<selectminbits>, C<selecttype>, C<sendmail>, C<setgrent_r_proto>,
17463 C<sethostent_r_proto>, C<setlocale_r_proto>, C<setnetent_r_proto>,
17464 C<setprotoent_r_proto>, C<setpwent_r_proto>, C<setservent_r_proto>, C<sh>,
17465 C<shar>, C<sharpbang>, C<shmattype>, C<shortsize>, C<shrpenv>, C<shsharp>,
17466 C<sig_count>, C<sig_name>, C<sig_name_init>, C<sig_num>, C<sig_num_init>,
17467 C<sig_size>, C<signal_t>, C<sitearch>, C<sitearchexp>, C<sitebin>,
17468 C<sitebinexp>, C<sitehtml1dir>, C<sitehtml1direxp>, C<sitehtml3dir>,
17469 C<sitehtml3direxp>, C<sitelib>, C<sitelib_stem>, C<sitelibexp>,
17470 C<siteman1dir>, C<siteman1direxp>, C<siteman3dir>, C<siteman3direxp>,
17471 C<siteprefix>, C<siteprefixexp>, C<sitescript>, C<sitescriptexp>,
17472 C<sizesize>, C<sizetype>, C<sleep>, C<smail>, C<so>, C<sockethdr>,
17473 C<socketlib>, C<socksizetype>, C<sort>, C<spackage>, C<spitshell>,
17474 C<sPRId64>, C<sPRIeldbl>, C<sPRIEUldbl>, C<sPRIfldbl>, C<sPRIFUldbl>,
17475 C<sPRIgldbl>, C<sPRIGUldbl>, C<sPRIi64>, C<sPRIo64>, C<sPRIu64>,
17476 C<sPRIx64>, C<sPRIXU64>, C<srand48_r_proto>, C<srandom_r_proto>, C<src>,
17477 C<sSCNfldbl>, C<ssizetype>, C<startperl>, C<startsh>, C<static_ext>,
17478 C<stdchar>, C<stdio_base>, C<stdio_bufsiz>, C<stdio_cnt>, C<stdio_filbuf>,
17479 C<stdio_ptr>, C<stdio_stream_array>, C<strerror_r_proto>, C<strings>,
17480 C<submit>, C<subversion>, C<sysman>
17484 C<tail>, C<tar>, C<targetarch>, C<tbl>, C<tee>, C<test>, C<timeincl>,
17485 C<timetype>, C<tmpnam_r_proto>, C<to>, C<touch>, C<tr>, C<trnl>, C<troff>,
17490 C<u16size>, C<u16type>, C<u32size>, C<u32type>, C<u64size>, C<u64type>,
17491 C<u8size>, C<u8type>, C<uidformat>, C<uidsign>, C<uidsize>, C<uidtype>,
17492 C<uname>, C<uniq>, C<uquadtype>, C<use5005threads>, C<use64bitall>,
17493 C<use64bitint>, C<usecrosscompile>, C<usedl>, C<usefaststdio>,
17494 C<useithreads>, C<uselargefiles>, C<uselongdouble>, C<usemallocwrap>,
17495 C<usemorebits>, C<usemultiplicity>, C<usemymalloc>, C<usenm>, C<useopcode>,
17496 C<useperlio>, C<useposix>, C<usereentrant>, C<userelocatableinc>,
17497 C<usesfio>, C<useshrplib>, C<usesitecustomize>, C<usesocks>, C<usethreads>,
17498 C<usevendorprefix>, C<usevfork>, C<usrinc>, C<uuname>, C<uvoformat>,
17499 C<uvsize>, C<uvtype>, C<uvuformat>, C<uvxformat>, C<uvXUformat>
17503 C<vendorarch>, C<vendorarchexp>, C<vendorbin>, C<vendorbinexp>,
17504 C<vendorhtml1dir>, C<vendorhtml1direxp>, C<vendorhtml3dir>,
17505 C<vendorhtml3direxp>, C<vendorlib>, C<vendorlib_stem>, C<vendorlibexp>,
17506 C<vendorman1dir>, C<vendorman1direxp>, C<vendorman3dir>,
17507 C<vendorman3direxp>, C<vendorprefix>, C<vendorprefixexp>, C<vendorscript>,
17508 C<vendorscriptexp>, C<version>, C<version_patchlevel_string>,
17509 C<versiononly>, C<vi>, C<voidflags>
17517 C<yacc>, C<yaccflags>
17535 dynamic, nonxs, static
17541 =head2 Cwd - get pathname of current working directory
17551 =item getcwd and friends
17553 getcwd, cwd, fastcwd, fastgetcwd, getdcwd
17555 =item abs_path and friends
17557 abs_path, realpath, fast_abs_path
17573 =head2 DB - programmatic interface to the Perl debugging API
17583 =item Global Variables
17585 $DB::sub, %DB::sub, $DB::single, $DB::signal, $DB::trace, @DB::args,
17586 @DB::dbline, %DB::dbline, $DB::package, $DB::filename, $DB::subname,
17591 CLIENT->register(), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->skippkg('D::hide'),
17592 CLIENT->run(), CLIENT->step(), CLIENT->next(), CLIENT->done()
17594 =item Client Callback Methods
17596 CLIENT->init(), CLIENT->prestop([STRING]), CLIENT->stop(), CLIENT->idle(),
17597 CLIENT->poststop([STRING]), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->cleanup(),
17598 CLIENT->output(LIST)
17608 =head2 DBM_Filter -- Filter DBM keys/values
17616 =item What is a DBM Filter?
17620 =item So what's new?
17628 =item $db->Filter_Push()
17630 =item $db->Filter_Key_Push()
17632 =item $db->Filter_Value_Push()
17634 Filter_Push, Filter_Key_Push, Filter_Value_Push
17636 =item $db->Filter_Pop()
17638 =item $db->Filtered()
17642 =item Writing a Filter
17646 =item Immediate Filters
17648 =item Canned Filters
17654 =item Filters Included
17656 utf8, encode, compress, int32, null
17662 =item Maintain Round Trip Integrity
17664 =item Don't mix filtered & non-filtered data in the same database file.
17676 =head2 DBM_Filter::compress - filter for DBM_Filter
17690 =head2 DBM_Filter::encode - filter for DBM_Filter
17704 =head2 DBM_Filter::int32 - filter for DBM_Filter
17718 =head2 DBM_Filter::null - filter for DBM_Filter
17732 =head2 DBM_Filter::utf8 - filter for DBM_Filter
17746 =head2 DB_File - Perl5 access to Berkeley DB version 1.x
17754 B<DB_HASH>, B<DB_BTREE>, B<DB_RECNO>
17758 =item Using DB_File with Berkeley DB version 2 or greater
17760 =item Interface to Berkeley DB
17762 =item Opening a Berkeley DB Database File
17764 =item Default Parameters
17766 =item In Memory Databases
17774 =item A Simple Example
17782 =item Changing the BTREE sort order
17784 =item Handling Duplicate Keys
17786 =item The get_dup() Method
17788 =item The find_dup() Method
17790 =item The del_dup() Method
17792 =item Matching Partial Keys
17800 =item The 'bval' Option
17802 =item A Simple Example
17804 =item Extra RECNO Methods
17806 B<$X-E<gt>push(list) ;>, B<$value = $X-E<gt>pop ;>, B<$X-E<gt>shift>,
17807 B<$X-E<gt>unshift(list) ;>, B<$X-E<gt>length>, B<$X-E<gt>splice(offset,
17808 length, elements);>
17810 =item Another Example
17814 =item THE API INTERFACE
17816 B<$status = $X-E<gt>get($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status =
17817 $X-E<gt>put($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>del($key [,
17818 $flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>fd ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>seq($key,
17819 $value, $flags) ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>sync([$flags]) ;>
17823 B<filter_store_key>, B<filter_store_value>, B<filter_fetch_key>,
17824 B<filter_fetch_value>
17830 =item An Example -- the NULL termination problem.
17832 =item Another Example -- Key is a C int.
17836 =item HINTS AND TIPS
17840 =item Locking: The Trouble with fd
17842 =item Safe ways to lock a database
17844 B<Tie::DB_Lock>, B<Tie::DB_LockFile>, B<DB_File::Lock>
17846 =item Sharing Databases With C Applications
17848 =item The untie() Gotcha
17852 =item COMMON QUESTIONS
17856 =item Why is there Perl source in my database?
17858 =item How do I store complex data structures with DB_File?
17860 =item What does "Invalid Argument" mean?
17862 =item What does "Bareword 'DB_File' not allowed" mean?
17882 =head2 Data::Dumper - stringified perl data structures, suitable for both
17883 printing and C<eval>
17895 I<PACKAGE>->new(I<ARRAYREF [>, I<ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Dump I<or>
17896 I<PACKAGE>->Dump(I<ARRAYREF [>, I<ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Seen(I<[HASHREF]>),
17897 I<$OBJ>->Values(I<[ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Names(I<[ARRAYREF]>),
17904 =item Configuration Variables or Methods
17930 =head2 Devel::Arena - Perl extension for inspecting the core's arena
17943 sv_stats [DONT_SHARE], shared_string_table, sizes, HEK_size STRING,
17944 shared_string_table_effectiveness, write_stats_at_END
17952 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
17956 =head2 Devel::DProf - a Perl code profiler
17964 =item PROFILE FORMAT
17976 =head2 Devel::InnerPackage - find all the inner packages of a package
17988 =item list_packages <package name>
18004 =head2 Devel::PPPort - Perl/Pollution/Portability
18014 =item Why use ppport.h?
18016 =item How to use ppport.h
18018 =item Running ppport.h
18030 =item COMPATIBILITY
18034 =item Provided Perl compatibility API
18036 =item Perl API not supported by ppport.h
18038 perl 5.9.5, perl 5.9.4, perl 5.9.3, perl 5.9.2, perl 5.9.1, perl 5.9.0,
18039 perl 5.8.3, perl 5.8.1, perl 5.8.0, perl 5.7.3, perl 5.7.2, perl 5.7.1,
18040 perl 5.6.1, perl 5.6.0, perl 5.005_03, perl 5.005, perl 5.004_05, perl
18055 =head2 Devel::Peek - A data debugging tool for the XS programmer
18065 =item Runtime debugging
18067 =item Memory footprint debugging
18075 =item A simple scalar string
18077 =item A simple scalar number
18079 =item A simple scalar with an extra reference
18081 =item A reference to a simple scalar
18083 =item A reference to an array
18085 =item A reference to a hash
18087 =item Dumping a large array or hash
18089 =item A reference to an SV which holds a C pointer
18091 =item A reference to a subroutine
18105 =head2 Devel::SelfStubber - generate stubs for a SelfLoading module
18115 =head2 Devel::Size - Perl extension for finding the memory usage of Perl
18130 =item total_size($ref)
18136 =item UNDERSTANDING MEMORY ALLOCATION
18140 =item The C library
18148 =item Messages: texts originating from this module.
18168 =head2 Digest - Modules that calculate message digests
18176 I<binary>, I<hex>, I<base64>
18180 $ctx = Digest->XXX($arg,...), $ctx = Digest->new(XXX => $arg,...), $ctx =
18181 Digest::XXX->new($arg,...), $other_ctx = $ctx->clone, $ctx->reset,
18182 $ctx->add( $data ), $ctx->add( $chunk1, $chunk2, ... ), $ctx->addfile(
18183 $io_handle ), $ctx->add_bits( $data, $nbits ), $ctx->add_bits( $bitstring
18184 ), $ctx->digest, $ctx->hexdigest, $ctx->b64digest
18194 =head2 Digest::MD5 - Perl interface to the MD5 Algorithm
18204 md5($data,...), md5_hex($data,...), md5_base64($data,...)
18208 $md5 = Digest::MD5->new, $md5->reset, $md5->clone, $md5->add($data,...),
18209 $md5->addfile($io_handle), $md5->add_bits($data, $nbits),
18210 $md5->add_bits($bitstring), $md5->digest, $md5->hexdigest, $md5->b64digest
18222 =head2 Digest::SHA - Perl extension for SHA-1/224/256/384/512
18228 =item SYNOPSIS (HMAC-SHA)
18234 =item NIST STATEMENT ON SHA-1
18236 =item PADDING OF BASE64 DIGESTS
18240 =item EXPORTABLE FUNCTIONS
18242 B<sha1($data, ...)>, B<sha224($data, ...)>, B<sha256($data, ...)>,
18243 B<sha384($data, ...)>, B<sha512($data, ...)>, B<sha1_hex($data, ...)>,
18244 B<sha224_hex($data, ...)>, B<sha256_hex($data, ...)>, B<sha384_hex($data,
18245 ...)>, B<sha512_hex($data, ...)>, B<sha1_base64($data, ...)>,
18246 B<sha224_base64($data, ...)>, B<sha256_base64($data, ...)>,
18247 B<sha384_base64($data, ...)>, B<sha512_base64($data, ...)>, B<new($alg)>,
18248 B<reset($alg)>, B<hashsize>, B<algorithm>, B<clone>, B<add($data, ...)>,
18249 B<add_bits($data, $nbits)>, B<add_bits($bits)>, B<addfile(*FILE)>,
18250 B<addfile($filename [, $mode])>, B<dump($filename)>, B<load($filename)>,
18251 B<digest>, B<hexdigest>, B<b64digest>, B<hmac_sha1($data, $key)>,
18252 B<hmac_sha224($data, $key)>, B<hmac_sha256($data, $key)>,
18253 B<hmac_sha384($data, $key)>, B<hmac_sha512($data, $key)>,
18254 B<hmac_sha1_hex($data, $key)>, B<hmac_sha224_hex($data, $key)>,
18255 B<hmac_sha256_hex($data, $key)>, B<hmac_sha384_hex($data, $key)>,
18256 B<hmac_sha512_hex($data, $key)>, B<hmac_sha1_base64($data, $key)>,
18257 B<hmac_sha224_base64($data, $key)>, B<hmac_sha256_base64($data, $key)>,
18258 B<hmac_sha384_base64($data, $key)>, B<hmac_sha512_base64($data, $key)>
18264 =item ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
18266 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
18270 =head2 Digest::base - Digest base class
18282 =head2 Digest::file - Calculate digests of files
18290 digest_file( $file, $algorithm, [$arg,...] ), digest_file_hex( $file,
18291 $algorithm, [$arg,...] ), digest_file_base64( $file, $algorithm, [$arg,...]
18298 =head2 DirHandle - supply object methods for directory handles
18310 =head2 Dumpvalue - provides screen dump of Perl data.
18322 C<arrayDepth>, C<hashDepth>, C<compactDump>, C<veryCompact>, C<globPrint>,
18323 C<dumpDBFiles>, C<dumpPackages>, C<dumpReused>, C<tick>, C<quoteHighBit>,
18324 C<printUndef>, C<usageOnly>, unctrl, subdump, bareStringify, quoteHighBit,
18329 dumpValue, dumpValues, stringify, dumpvars, set_quote, set_unctrl,
18330 compactDump, veryCompact, set, get
18336 =head2 DynaLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code
18344 @dl_library_path, @dl_resolve_using, @dl_require_symbols, @dl_librefs,
18345 @dl_modules, @dl_shared_objects, dl_error(), $dl_debug, dl_findfile(),
18346 dl_expandspec(), dl_load_file(), dl_unload_file(), dl_load_flags(),
18347 dl_find_symbol(), dl_find_symbol_anywhere(), dl_undef_symbols(),
18348 dl_install_xsub(), bootstrap()
18354 =head2 DynaLoader::XSLoader, XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into
18367 =item Migration from C<DynaLoader>
18369 =item Backward compatible boilerplate
18373 =item Order of initialization: early load()
18377 =item The most hairy case
18383 C<Can't find '%s' symbol in %s>, C<Can't load '%s' for module %s: %s>,
18384 C<Undefined symbols present after loading %s: %s>,
18385 C<XSLoader::load('Your::Module', $Your::Module::VERSION)>
18399 =head2 Encode - character encodings
18407 =item Table of Contents
18419 =item PERL ENCODING API
18421 $octets = encode(ENCODING, $string [, CHECK]), $string = decode(ENCODING,
18422 $octets [, CHECK]), [$obj =] find_encoding(ENCODING), [$length =]
18423 from_to($octets, FROM_ENC, TO_ENC [, CHECK]), $octets =
18424 encode_utf8($string);, $string = decode_utf8($octets [, CHECK]);
18428 =item Listing available encodings
18430 =item Defining Aliases
18432 =item Finding IANA Character Set Registry names
18436 =item Encoding via PerlIO
18438 =item Handling Malformed Data
18440 B<NOTE:> Not all encoding support this feature, I<CHECK> =
18441 Encode::FB_DEFAULT ( == 0), I<CHECK> = Encode::FB_CROAK ( == 1), I<CHECK> =
18442 Encode::FB_QUIET, I<CHECK> = Encode::FB_WARN, perlqq mode (I<CHECK> =
18443 Encode::FB_PERLQQ), HTML charref mode (I<CHECK> = Encode::FB_HTMLCREF), XML
18444 charref mode (I<CHECK> = Encode::FB_XMLCREF), The bitmask,
18447 =item Defining Encodings
18449 =item The UTF8 flag
18451 Goal #1:, Goal #2:, Goal #3:, Goal #4:
18455 =item Messing with Perl's Internals
18457 is_utf8(STRING [, CHECK]), _utf8_on(STRING), _utf8_off(STRING)
18461 =item UTF-8 vs. utf8 vs. UTF8
18471 =head2 Encode::Alias - alias definitions to encodings
18479 As a simple string, As a qr// compiled regular expression, e.g.:, As a code
18484 =item Alias overloading
18492 =head2 Encode::Byte - Single Byte Encodings
18506 =head2 Encode::CJKConstants -- Internally used by Encode::??::ISO_2022_*
18508 =head2 Encode::CN - China-based Chinese Encodings
18524 =head2 Encode::CN::HZ -- internally used by Encode::CN
18526 =head2 Encode::Config -- internally used by Encode
18528 =head2 Encode::EBCDIC - EBCDIC Encodings
18542 =head2 Encode::Encoding - Encode Implementation Base Class
18552 =item Methods you should implement
18554 -E<gt>encode($string [,$check]), -E<gt>decode($octets [,$check]),
18555 -E<gt>cat_decode($destination, $octets, $offset, $terminator [,$check])
18557 =item Other methods defined in Encode::Encodings
18559 -E<gt>name, -E<gt>mime_name, -E<gt>renew, -E<gt>renewed, -E<gt>perlio_ok(),
18560 -E<gt>needs_lines()
18562 =item Example: Encode::ROT13
18566 =item Why the heck Encode API is different?
18570 =item Compiled Encodings
18576 Scheme 1, Scheme 2, Other Schemes
18580 =head2 Encode::GSM0338 -- ESTI GSM 03.38 Encoding
18596 =head2 Encode::Guess -- Guesses encoding from data
18606 Encode::Guess->set_suspects, Encode::Guess->add_suspects,
18607 Encode::decode("Guess" ...), Encode::Guess->guess($data),
18608 guess_encoding($data, [, I<list of suspects>])
18618 =head2 Encode::JP - Japanese Encodings
18628 =item Note on ISO-2022-JP(-1)?
18636 =head2 Encode::JP::H2Z -- internally used by Encode::JP::2022_JP*
18638 =head2 Encode::JP::JIS7 -- internally used by Encode::JP
18640 =head2 Encode::KR - Korean Encodings
18654 =head2 Encode::KR::2022_KR -- internally used by Encode::KR
18656 =head2 Encode::MIME::Header -- MIME 'B' and 'Q' header encoding
18672 =head2 Encode::MIME::Name, Encode::MIME::NAME -- internally used by Encode
18680 =head2 Encode::PerlIO -- a detailed document on Encode and PerlIO
18686 =item How does it work?
18688 =item Line Buffering
18692 =item How can I tell whether my encoding fully supports PerlIO ?
18700 =head2 Encode::Supported -- Encodings supported by Encode
18708 =item Encoding Names
18712 =item Supported Encodings
18716 =item Built-in Encodings
18718 =item Encode::Unicode -- other Unicode encodings
18720 =item Encode::Byte -- Extended ASCII
18722 ISO-8859 and corresponding vendor mappings, KOI8 - De Facto Standard for
18725 =item gsm0338 - Hentai Latin 1
18727 gsm0338 support before 2.19
18729 =item CJK: Chinese, Japanese, Korean (Multibyte)
18731 Encode::CN -- Continental China, Encode::JP -- Japan, Encode::KR -- Korea,
18732 Encode::TW -- Taiwan, Encode::HanExtra -- More Chinese via CPAN,
18733 Encode::JIS2K -- JIS X 0213 encodings via CPAN
18735 =item Miscellaneous encodings
18737 Encode::EBCDIC, Encode::Symbols, Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::Guess
18741 =item Unsupported encodings
18743 ISO-2022-JP-2 [RFC1554], ISO-2022-CN [RFC1922], Various HP-UX encodings,
18744 Cyrillic encoding ISO-IR-111, ISO-8859-8-1 [Hebrew], ISIRI 3342, Iran
18745 System, ISIRI 2900 [Farsi], Thai encoding TCVN, Vietnamese encodings VPS,
18746 Various Mac encodings, (Mac) Indic encodings
18748 =item Encoding vs. Charset -- terminology
18750 =item Encoding Classification (by Anton Tagunov and Dan Kogai)
18754 =item Microsoft-related naming mess
18756 KS_C_5601-1987, GB2312, Big5, Shift_JIS
18762 character repertoire, coded character set (CCS), character encoding scheme
18763 (CES), charset (in MIME context), EUC, ISO-2022, UCS, UCS-2, Unicode, UTF,
18770 ECMA, ECMA-035 (eq C<ISO-2022>), IANA, Assigned Charset Names by IANA, ISO,
18771 RFC, UC, Unicode Glossary
18775 =item Other Notable Sites
18777 czyborra.com, CJK.inf, Jungshik Shin's Hangul FAQ, debian.org:
18778 "Introduction to i18n"
18780 =item Offline sources
18782 C<CJKV Information Processing> by Ken Lunde
18788 =head2 Encode::Symbol - Symbol Encodings
18802 =head2 Encode::TW - Taiwan-based Chinese Encodings
18818 =head2 Encode::Unicode -- Various Unicode Transformation Formats
18826 L<http://www.unicode.org/glossary/> says:, Quick Reference
18828 =item Size, Endianness, and BOM
18834 =item by endianness
18836 BOM as integer when fetched in network byte order
18840 =item Surrogate Pairs
18842 =item Error Checking
18848 =head2 Encode::Unicode::UTF7 -- UTF-7 encoding
18862 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Alias, Encode::Alias - alias definitions to
18871 As a simple string, As a qr// compiled regular expression, e.g.:, As a code
18876 =item Alias overloading
18884 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::CJKConstants, Encode::CJKConstants.pm --
18885 Internally used by Encode::??::ISO_2022_*
18887 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::CN::HZ, Encode::CN::HZ -- internally used by
18890 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Config, Encode::Config -- internally used by
18893 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Encoding, Encode::Encoding - Encode
18894 Implementation Base Class
18904 =item Methods you should implement
18906 -E<gt>encode($string [,$check]), -E<gt>decode($octets [,$check]),
18907 -E<gt>cat_decode($destination, $octets, $offset, $terminator [,$check])
18909 =item Other methods defined in Encode::Encodings
18911 -E<gt>name, -E<gt>mime_name, -E<gt>renew, -E<gt>renewed, -E<gt>perlio_ok(),
18912 -E<gt>needs_lines()
18914 =item Example: Encode::ROT13
18918 =item Why the heck Encode API is different?
18922 =item Compiled Encodings
18928 Scheme 1, Scheme 2, Other Schemes
18932 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::GSM0338, Encode::GSM0338 -- ESTI GSM 03.38
18949 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Guess, Encode::Guess -- Guesses encoding from
18960 Encode::Guess->set_suspects, Encode::Guess->add_suspects,
18961 Encode::decode("Guess" ...), Encode::Guess->guess($data),
18962 guess_encoding($data, [, I<list of suspects>])
18972 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::JP::H2Z, Encode::JP::H2Z -- internally used by
18973 Encode::JP::2022_JP*
18975 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::JP::JIS7, Encode::JP::JIS7 -- internally used
18978 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::KR::2022_KR, Encode::KR::2022_KR -- internally
18981 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::MIME::Header -- MIME 'B'
18982 and 'Q' header encoding
18998 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::MIME::Name, Encode::MIME::NAME -- internally
19007 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::PerlIO, Encode::PerlIO -- a detailed document
19008 on Encode and PerlIO
19014 =item How does it work?
19016 =item Line Buffering
19020 =item How can I tell whether my encoding fully supports PerlIO ?
19028 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Supported, Encode::Supported -- Encodings
19029 supported by Encode
19037 =item Encoding Names
19041 =item Supported Encodings
19045 =item Built-in Encodings
19047 =item Encode::Unicode -- other Unicode encodings
19049 =item Encode::Byte -- Extended ASCII
19051 ISO-8859 and corresponding vendor mappings, KOI8 - De Facto Standard for
19054 =item gsm0338 - Hentai Latin 1
19056 gsm0338 support before 2.19
19058 =item CJK: Chinese, Japanese, Korean (Multibyte)
19060 Encode::CN -- Continental China, Encode::JP -- Japan, Encode::KR -- Korea,
19061 Encode::TW -- Taiwan, Encode::HanExtra -- More Chinese via CPAN,
19062 Encode::JIS2K -- JIS X 0213 encodings via CPAN
19064 =item Miscellaneous encodings
19066 Encode::EBCDIC, Encode::Symbols, Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::Guess
19070 =item Unsupported encodings
19072 ISO-2022-JP-2 [RFC1554], ISO-2022-CN [RFC1922], Various HP-UX encodings,
19073 Cyrillic encoding ISO-IR-111, ISO-8859-8-1 [Hebrew], ISIRI 3342, Iran
19074 System, ISIRI 2900 [Farsi], Thai encoding TCVN, Vietnamese encodings VPS,
19075 Various Mac encodings, (Mac) Indic encodings
19077 =item Encoding vs. Charset -- terminology
19079 =item Encoding Classification (by Anton Tagunov and Dan Kogai)
19083 =item Microsoft-related naming mess
19085 KS_C_5601-1987, GB2312, Big5, Shift_JIS
19091 character repertoire, coded character set (CCS), character encoding scheme
19092 (CES), charset (in MIME context), EUC, ISO-2022, UCS, UCS-2, Unicode, UTF,
19099 ECMA, ECMA-035 (eq C<ISO-2022>), IANA, Assigned Charset Names by IANA, ISO,
19100 RFC, UC, Unicode Glossary
19104 =item Other Notable Sites
19106 czyborra.com, CJK.inf, Jungshik Shin's Hangul FAQ, debian.org:
19107 "Introduction to i18n"
19109 =item Offline sources
19111 C<CJKV Information Processing> by Ken Lunde
19117 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Unicode::UTF7, Encode::Unicode::UTF7 -- UTF-7
19132 =head2 Encode::lib::Encoder, Encode::Encoder -- Object Oriented Encoder
19144 =item Predefined Methods
19146 $e = Encode::Encoder-E<gt>new([$data, $encoding]);, encoder(),
19147 $e-E<gt>data([$data]), $e-E<gt>encoding([$encoding]),
19148 $e-E<gt>bytes([$encoding])
19150 =item Example: base64 transcoder
19152 =item Operator Overloading
19160 =head2 Encodencoding, encoding - allows you to write your script in
19161 non-ascii or non-utf8
19171 =item Literal Conversions
19173 =item PerlIO layers for C<STD(IN|OUT)>
19175 =item Implicit upgrading for byte strings
19185 =item FEATURES THAT REQUIRE 5.8.1
19187 "NON-EUC" doublebyte encodings, tr//, DATA pseudo-filehandle
19191 use encoding [I<ENCNAME>] ;, use encoding I<ENCNAME> [ STDIN =E<gt>
19192 I<ENCNAME_IN> ...] ;, use encoding I<ENCNAME> Filter=E<gt>1;, no encoding;
19194 =item The Filter Option
19198 =item Filter-related changes at Encode version 1.87
19208 =item DO NOT MIX MULTIPLE ENCODINGS
19210 =item tr/// with ranges
19212 Legend of characters above
19216 =item EXAMPLE - Greekperl
19218 =item KNOWN PROBLEMS
19220 literals in regex that are longer than 127 bytes, EBCDIC, format, Thread
19225 =item The Logic of :locale
19235 =head2 Encoder, Encode::Encoder -- Object Oriented Encoder
19247 =item Predefined Methods
19249 $e = Encode::Encoder-E<gt>new([$data, $encoding]);, encoder(),
19250 $e-E<gt>data([$data]), $e-E<gt>encoding([$encoding]),
19251 $e-E<gt>bytes([$encoding])
19253 =item Example: base64 transcoder
19255 =item Operator Overloading
19263 =head2 English - use nice English (or awk) names for ugly punctuation
19276 =head2 Env - perl module that imports environment variables as scalars or
19291 =head2 Errno - System errno constants
19307 =head2 Exporter - Implements default import method for modules
19317 =item How to Export
19319 =item Selecting What To Export
19321 =item How to Import
19323 C<use ModuleName;>, C<use ModuleName ();>, C<use ModuleName qw(...);>
19327 =item Advanced features
19331 =item Specialised Import Lists
19333 =item Exporting without using Exporter's import method
19335 =item Exporting without inheriting from Exporter
19337 =item Module Version Checking
19339 =item Managing Unknown Symbols
19341 =item Tag Handling Utility Functions
19343 =item Generating combined tags
19345 =item C<AUTOLOAD>ed Constants
19349 =item Good Practices
19353 =item Declaring C<@EXPORT_OK> and Friends
19357 =item What not to Export
19367 =head2 Exporter::Heavy - Exporter guts
19377 =head2 ExtUtils::CBuilder - Compile and link C code for Perl modules
19387 new, have_compiler, compile, C<object_file>, C<include_dirs>,
19388 C<extra_compiler_flags>, link, lib_file, module_name, extra_linker_flags,
19389 link_executable, exe_file, object_file, lib_file, exe_file, prelink,
19390 need_prelink, extra_link_args_after_prelink
19404 =head2 ExtUtils::CBuilder::Platform::Windows - Builder class for Windows
19417 =head2 ExtUtils::Command - utilities to replace common UNIX commands in
19466 =head2 ExtUtils::Command::MM - Commands for the MM's to use in Makefiles
19480 B<warn_if_old_packlist>
19482 B<perllocal_install>
19486 =head2 ExtUtils::Constant - generate XS code to import C header constants
19496 IV, UV, NV, PV, PVN, SV, YES, NO, UNDEF
19504 XS_constant PACKAGE, TYPES, SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME
19506 autoload PACKAGE, VERSION, AUTOLOADER
19508 WriteMakefileSnippet
19510 WriteConstants ATTRIBUTE =E<gt> VALUE [, ...], NAME, DEFAULT_TYPE,
19511 BREAKOUT_AT, NAMES, C_FH, C_FILE, XS_FH, XS_FILE, SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME
19519 =head2 ExtUtils::Constant::Base - base class for ExtUtils::Constant objects
19533 memEQ_clause args_hashref
19535 dump_names arg_hashref, ITEM..
19537 assign arg_hashref, VALUE..
19539 return_clause arg_hashref, ITEM
19541 switch_clause arg_hashref, NAMELEN, ITEMHASH, ITEM..
19545 dogfood arg_hashref, ITEM..
19547 normalise_items args, default_type, seen_types, seen_items, ITEM..
19549 C_constant arg_hashref, ITEM.., name, type, value, macro, default, pre,
19550 post, def_pre, def_post, utf8, weight
19560 =head2 ExtUtils::Constant::Utils - helper functions for ExtUtils::Constant
19574 perl_stringify NAME
19582 =head2 ExtUtils::Constant::XS, ExtUtils::Constant::Base - base class for
19583 ExtUtils::Constant objects
19597 =head2 ExtUtils::Embed - Utilities for embedding Perl in C/C++ applications
19609 xsinit(), Examples, ldopts(), Examples, perl_inc(), ccflags(), ccdlflags(),
19610 ccopts(), xsi_header(), xsi_protos(@modules), xsi_body(@modules)
19620 =head2 ExtUtils::Install - install files from here to there
19628 _chmod($$;$), _warnonce(@), _choke(@)
19632 _move_file_at_boot( $file, $target, $moan )
19634 _unlink_or_rename( $file, $tryhard, $installing )
19648 _can_write_dir(C<$dir>)
19650 _mkpath($dir,$show,$mode,$verbose,$fake)
19652 _copy($from,$to,$verbose,$fake)
19658 install_rooted_file( $file ), install_rooted_dir( $dir )
19660 forceunlink( $file, $tryhard )
19662 directory_not_empty( $dir )
19664 B<install_default> I<DISCOURAGED>
19668 inc_uninstall($filepath,$libdir,$verbose,$nonono,$ignore)
19670 run_filter($cmd,$src,$dest)
19682 B<PERL_INSTALL_ROOT>, B<EU_INSTALL_IGNORE_SKIP>,
19683 B<EU_INSTALL_SITE_SKIPFILE>
19691 =head2 ExtUtils::Installed - Inventory management of installed modules
19703 new(), modules(), files(), directories(), directory_tree(), validate(),
19704 packlist(), version()
19712 =head2 ExtUtils::Liblist - determine libraries to use and how to use them
19720 For static extensions, For dynamic extensions at build/link time, For
19721 dynamic extensions at load time
19727 =item LDLOADLIBS and LD_RUN_PATH
19737 =item VMS implementation
19739 =item Win32 implementation
19747 =head2 ExtUtils::MM - OS adjusted ExtUtils::MakeMaker subclass
19757 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_AIX - AIX specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix
19767 =item Overridden methods
19781 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Any - Platform-agnostic MM methods
19793 =item Cross-platform helper methods
19819 =item File::Spec wrappers
19835 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_BeOS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
19836 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
19850 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
19851 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
19865 replace_manpage_separator
19869 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_DOS - DOS specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix
19879 =item Overridden methods
19887 B<replace_manpage_separator>
19897 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_MacOS - once produced Makefiles for MacOS Classic
19907 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_NW5 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
19908 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
19920 init_platform, platform_constants
19928 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_OS2 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
19929 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
19947 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_QNX - QNX specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix
19957 =item Overridden methods
19971 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_UWIN - U/WIN specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix
19981 =item Overridden methods
19989 B<replace_manpage_separator>
19999 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Unix - methods used by ExtUtils::MakeMaker
20101 init_platform, platform_constants
20143 post_initialize (o)
20155 replace_manpage_separator
20179 test_via_harness (override)
20181 test_via_script (override)
20205 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_VMS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
20206 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
20216 =item Methods always loaded
20228 guess_name (override)
20232 find_perl (override)
20234 maybe_command (override)
20238 pm_to_blib (override)
20240 perl_script (override)
20242 replace_manpage_separator
20248 init_main (override)
20250 init_others (override)
20252 init_platform (override)
20256 init_VERSION (override)
20258 constants (override)
20264 const_cccmd (override)
20266 tools_other (override)
20268 init_dist (override)
20278 dynamic_lib (override)
20280 static_lib (override)
20284 zipfile_target, tarfile_target, shdist_target
20288 perldepend (override)
20290 makeaperl (override)
20292 maketext_filter (override)
20294 prefixify (override)
20322 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_VOS - VOS specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix
20332 =item Overridden methods
20346 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Win32 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
20347 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
20359 =item Overridden methods
20365 replace_manpage_separator
20373 init_platform, platform_constants
20401 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Win95 - method to customize MakeMaker for Win9X
20411 =item Overridden methods
20433 =head2 ExtUtils::MY - ExtUtils::MakeMaker subclass for customization
20443 =head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker - Create a module Makefile
20453 =item How To Write A Makefile.PL
20455 =item Default Makefile Behaviour
20465 =item PREFIX and LIB attribute
20469 =item Static Linking of a new Perl Binary
20471 =item Determination of Perl Library and Installation Locations
20473 =item Which architecture dependent directory?
20475 =item Using Attributes and Parameters
20477 ABSTRACT, ABSTRACT_FROM, AUTHOR, BINARY_LOCATION, C, CCFLAGS, CONFIG,
20478 CONFIGURE, DEFINE, DESTDIR, DIR, DISTNAME, DISTVNAME, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS,
20479 EXCLUDE_EXT, EXE_FILES, FIRST_MAKEFILE, FULLPERL, FULLPERLRUN,
20480 FULLPERLRUNINST, FUNCLIST, H, IMPORTS, INC, INCLUDE_EXT, INSTALLARCHLIB,
20481 INSTALLBIN, INSTALLDIRS, INSTALLMAN1DIR, INSTALLMAN3DIR, INSTALLPRIVLIB,
20482 INSTALLSCRIPT, INSTALLSITEARCH, INSTALLSITEBIN, INSTALLSITELIB,
20483 INSTALLSITEMAN1DIR, INSTALLSITEMAN3DIR, INSTALLSITESCRIPT,
20484 INSTALLVENDORARCH, INSTALLVENDORBIN, INSTALLVENDORLIB,
20485 INSTALLVENDORMAN1DIR, INSTALLVENDORMAN3DIR, INSTALLVENDORSCRIPT,
20486 INST_ARCHLIB, INST_BIN, INST_LIB, INST_MAN1DIR, INST_MAN3DIR, INST_SCRIPT,
20487 LD, LDDLFLAGS, LDFROM, LIB, LIBPERL_A, LIBS, LICENSE, LINKTYPE, MAKE,
20488 MAKEAPERL, MAKEFILE_OLD, MAN1PODS, MAN3PODS, MAP_TARGET, MYEXTLIB, NAME,
20489 NEEDS_LINKING, NOECHO, NORECURS, NO_META, NO_VC, OBJECT, OPTIMIZE, PERL,
20490 PERL_CORE, PERLMAINCC, PERL_ARCHLIB, PERL_LIB, PERL_MALLOC_OK, PERLPREFIX,
20491 PERLRUN, PERLRUNINST, PERL_SRC, PERM_RW, PERM_RWX, PL_FILES, PM, PMLIBDIRS,
20492 PM_FILTER, POLLUTE, PPM_INSTALL_EXEC, PPM_INSTALL_SCRIPT, PREFIX,
20493 PREREQ_FATAL, PREREQ_PM, PREREQ_PRINT, PRINT_PREREQ, SITEPREFIX, SIGN,
20494 SKIP, TYPEMAPS, VENDORPREFIX, VERBINST, VERSION, VERSION_FROM, VERSION_SYM,
20495 XS, XSOPT, XSPROTOARG, XS_VERSION
20497 =item Additional lowercase attributes
20499 clean, depend, dist, dynamic_lib, linkext, macro, postamble, realclean,
20500 test, tool_autosplit
20502 =item Overriding MakeMaker Methods
20504 =item The End Of Cargo Cult Programming
20506 C<< MAN3PODS => ' ' >>
20508 =item Hintsfile support
20510 =item Distribution Support
20512 make distcheck, make skipcheck, make distclean, make manifest,
20513 make distdir, make disttest, make tardist, make dist, make
20514 uutardist, make shdist, make zipdist, make ci
20516 =item Module Meta-Data
20518 =item Disabling an extension
20520 =item Other Handy Functions
20528 PERL_MM_OPT, PERL_MM_USE_DEFAULT, PERL_CORE
20538 =head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Config - Wrapper around Config.pm
20548 =head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::FAQ - Frequently Asked Questions About
20557 =item Module Installation
20559 How do I install a module into my home directory?, How do I get MakeMaker
20560 and Module::Build to install to the same place?, How do I keep from
20561 installing man pages?, How do I use a module without installing it?, PREFIX
20562 vs INSTALL_BASE from Module::Build::Cookbook
20564 =item Philosophy and History
20566 Why not just use <insert other build config tool here>?, What is
20567 Module::Build and how does it relate to MakeMaker?, pure perl. no make, no
20568 shell commands, easier to customize, cleaner internals, less cruft
20570 =item Module Writing
20572 How do I keep my $VERSION up to date without resetting it manually?, What's
20573 this F<META.yml> thing and how did it get in my F<MANIFEST>?!, How do I
20574 delete everything not in my F<MANIFEST>?
20578 How to I prevent "object version X.XX does not match bootstrap parameter
20579 Y.YY" errors?, How do I make two or more XS files coexist in the same
20592 =head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Tutorial - Writing a module with MakeMaker
20606 Makefile.PL, MANIFEST, lib/, t/, Changes, README, INSTALL, MANIFEST.SKIP,
20615 =head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::bytes - Version-agnostic bytes.pm
20625 =head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::vmsish - Platform-agnostic vmsish.pm
20635 =head2 ExtUtils::Manifest - utilities to write and check a MANIFEST file
20673 =item MANIFEST.SKIP
20675 #!include_default, #!include /Path/to/another/manifest.skip
20679 =item GLOBAL VARIABLES
20687 C<Not in MANIFEST:> I<file>, C<Skipping> I<file>, C<No such file:> I<file>,
20688 C<MANIFEST:> I<$!>, C<Added to MANIFEST:> I<file>
20692 B<PERL_MM_MANIFEST_DEBUG>
20700 =head2 ExtUtils::Miniperl, writemain - write the C code for perlmain.c
20712 =head2 ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap - make a bootstrap file for use by DynaLoader
20722 =head2 ExtUtils::Mksymlists - write linker options files for dynamic
20731 DLBASE, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, FILE, FUNCLIST, IMPORTS, NAME
20743 =head2 ExtUtils::Packlist - manage .packlist files
20755 new(), read(), write(), validate(), packlist_file()
20763 =head2 ExtUtils::ParseXS - converts Perl XS code into C code
20773 process_xs(), B<C++>, B<hiertype>, B<except>, B<typemap>, B<prototypes>,
20774 B<versioncheck>, B<linenumbers>, B<optimize>, B<inout>, B<argtypes>, B<s>,
20785 =head2 ExtUtils::testlib - add blib/* directories to @INC
20795 =head2 Fatal - replace functions with equivalents which succeed or die
20809 =head2 Fcntl - load the C Fcntl.h defines
20819 =item EXPORTED SYMBOLS
20823 =head2 File::Basename - Parse file paths into directory, filename and
20834 C<fileparse> X<fileparse>
20836 C<basename> X<basename> X<filename>
20838 C<dirname> X<dirname>
20840 C<fileparse_set_fstype> X<filesystem>
20848 =head2 File::CheckTree - run many filetest checks on a tree
20862 =head2 File::Compare - Compare files or filehandles
20876 =head2 File::Copy - Copy files or filehandles
20884 copy X<copy> X<cp>, move X<move> X<mv> X<rename>, syscopy X<syscopy>,
20885 rmscopy($from,$to[,$date_flag]) X<rmscopy>
20895 =head2 File::DosGlob - DOS like globbing and then some
20905 =item EXPORTS (by request only)
20917 =head2 File::Fetch - A generic file fetching mechanism
20927 $ff->uri, $ff->scheme, $ff->host, $ff->vol, $ff->share, $ff->path,
20940 =item $ff = File::Fetch->new( uri => 'http://some.where.com/dir/file.txt'
20949 =item $ff->fetch( [to => /my/output/dir/] )
20955 =item $ff->error([BOOL])
20963 =item GLOBAL VARIABLES
20967 =item $File::Fetch::FROM_EMAIL
20969 =item $File::Fetch::USER_AGENT
20971 =item $File::Fetch::FTP_PASSIVE
20973 =item $File::Fetch::TIMEOUT
20975 =item $File::Fetch::WARN
20977 =item $File::Fetch::DEBUG
20979 =item $File::Fetch::BLACKLIST
20981 =item $File::Fetch::METHOD_FAIL
20987 =item FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
20991 =item So how do I use a proxy with File::Fetch?
20993 =item I used 'lynx' to fetch a file, but its contents is all wrong!
20995 =item Files I'm trying to fetch have reserved characters or non-ASCII
20996 characters in them. What do I do?
21002 Implement $PREFER_BIN
21012 =head2 File::Find - Traverse a directory tree.
21020 B<find>, B<finddepth>
21026 C<wanted>, C<bydepth>, C<preprocess>, C<postprocess>, C<follow>,
21027 C<follow_fast>, C<follow_skip>, C<dangling_symlinks>, C<no_chdir>,
21028 C<untaint>, C<untaint_pattern>, C<untaint_skip>
21030 =item The wanted function
21032 C<$File::Find::dir> is the current directory name,, C<$_> is the current
21033 filename within that directory, C<$File::Find::name> is the complete
21034 pathname to the file
21042 $dont_use_nlink, symlinks
21046 =item BUGS AND CAVEATS
21052 =head2 File::Glob - Perl extension for BSD glob routine
21062 =item META CHARACTERS
21066 C<GLOB_ERR>, C<GLOB_LIMIT>, C<GLOB_MARK>, C<GLOB_NOCASE>, C<GLOB_NOCHECK>,
21067 C<GLOB_NOSORT>, C<GLOB_BRACE>, C<GLOB_NOMAGIC>, C<GLOB_QUOTE>,
21068 C<GLOB_TILDE>, C<GLOB_CSH>, C<GLOB_ALPHASORT>
21074 C<GLOB_NOSPACE>, C<GLOB_ABEND>
21084 =head2 File::GlobMapper - Extend File Glob to Allow Input and Output Files
21092 This code is a work in progress, There are known bugs, The interface
21093 defined here is tentative, There are portability issues, Do not use in
21094 production code, Consider yourself warned!
21098 =item Behind The Scenes
21102 =item Input File Glob
21104 B<~>, B<~user>, B<.>, B<*>, B<?>, B<\>, B<[]>, B<{,}>, B<()>
21106 =item Output File Glob
21110 =item Returned Data
21118 =item A Rename script
21120 =item A few example globmaps
21128 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
21132 =head2 File::Path - Create or remove directory trees
21146 mode, verbose, error, verbose, safe, keep_root, result, error
21148 =item TRADITIONAL INTERFACE
21150 =item ERROR HANDLING
21158 mkdir [path]: [errmsg] (SEVERE), No root path(s) specified, No such file or
21159 directory, cannot fetch initial working directory: [errmsg], cannot stat
21160 initial working directory: [errmsg], cannot chdir to [dir]: [errmsg],
21161 directory [dir] changed before chdir, expected dev=[n] inode=[n], actual
21162 dev=[n] ino=[n], aborting. (FATAL), cannot make directory [dir]
21163 read+writeable: [errmsg], cannot read [dir]: [errmsg], cannot reset chmod
21164 [dir]: [errmsg], cannot chdir to [parent-dir] from [child-dir]: [errmsg],
21165 aborting. (FATAL), cannot stat prior working directory [dir]: [errmsg],
21166 aborting. (FATAL), previous directory [parent-dir] changed before entering
21167 [child-dir], expected dev=[n] inode=[n], actual dev=[n] ino=[n], aborting.
21168 (FATAL), cannot make directory [dir] writeable: [errmsg], cannot remove
21169 directory [dir]: [errmsg], cannot restore permissions of [dir] to [0nnn]:
21170 [errmsg], cannot make file [file] writeable: [errmsg], cannot unlink file
21171 [file]: [errmsg], cannot restore permissions of [file] to [0nnn]: [errmsg]
21177 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
21187 =head2 File::Spec - portably perform operations on file names
21197 canonpath X<canonpath>, catdir X<catdir>, catfile X<catfile>, curdir
21198 X<curdir>, devnull X<devnull>, rootdir X<rootdir>, tmpdir X<tmpdir>, updir
21199 X<updir>, no_upwards, case_tolerant, file_name_is_absolute, path X<path>,
21200 join X<join, path>, splitpath X<splitpath> X<split, path>, splitdir
21201 X<splitdir> X<split, dir>, catpath(), abs2rel X<abs2rel> X<absolute, path>
21202 X<relative, path>, rel2abs() X<rel2abs> X<absolute, path> X<relative, path>
21212 =head2 File::Spec::Cygwin - methods for Cygwin file specs
21224 file_name_is_absolute
21236 =head2 File::Spec::Epoc - methods for Epoc file specs
21258 =head2 File::Spec::Functions - portably perform operations on file names
21278 =head2 File::Spec::Mac - File::Spec for Mac OS (Classic)
21306 file_name_is_absolute
21330 =head2 File::Spec::OS2 - methods for OS/2 file specs
21344 =head2 File::Spec::Unix - File::Spec for Unix, base for other File::Spec
21377 file_name_is_absolute
21401 =head2 File::Spec::VMS - methods for VMS file specs
21409 canonpath (override)
21427 case_tolerant (override)
21431 file_name_is_absolute (override)
21433 splitpath (override)
21435 splitdir (override)
21451 =head2 File::Spec::Win32 - methods for Win32 file specs
21467 file_name_is_absolute
21481 =item Note For File::Spec::Win32 Maintainers
21493 =head2 File::Temp - return name and handle of a temporary file safely
21507 =item OBJECT-ORIENTED INTERFACE
21515 B<unlink_on_destroy>
21531 =item MKTEMP FUNCTIONS
21545 =item POSIX FUNCTIONS
21555 =item ADDITIONAL FUNCTIONS
21563 =item UTILITY FUNCTIONS
21577 =item PACKAGE VARIABLES
21579 B<safe_level>, STANDARD, MEDIUM, HIGH
21585 B<$KEEP_ALL>, B<$DEBUG>
21593 =item Temporary files and NFS
21609 =head2 File::stat - by-name interface to Perl's built-in stat() functions
21625 =head2 FileCache - keep more files open than the system permits
21633 cacheout EXPR, cacheout MODE, EXPR
21641 =head2 FileHandle - supply object methods for filehandles
21649 $fh->print, $fh->printf, $fh->getline, $fh->getlines
21655 =head2 Filter::Simple - Simplified source filtering
21669 =item Disabling or changing <no> behaviour
21671 =item All-in-one interface
21673 =item Filtering only specific components of source code
21675 C<"code">, C<"code_no_comments">, C<"executable">,
21676 C<"executable_no_comments">, C<"quotelike">, C<"string">, C<"regex">,
21679 =item Filtering only the code parts of source code
21681 Most source code ceases to be grammatically correct when it is broken up
21682 into the pieces between string literals and regexes. So the C<'code'>
21683 and C<'code_no_comments'> component filter behave slightly differently
21684 from the other partial filters described in the previous section.
21686 =item Using Filter::Simple with an explicit C<import> subroutine
21688 =item Using Filter::Simple and Exporter together
21700 =head2 Filter::Util::Call - Perl Source Filter Utility Module
21710 =item B<use Filter::Util::Call>
21714 =item B<filter() and anonymous sub>
21716 B<$_>, B<$status>, B<filter_read> and B<filter_read_exact>, B<filter_del>
21724 =item Example 1: A simple filter.
21726 =item Example 2: Using the context
21728 =item Example 3: Using the context within the filter
21730 =item Example 4: Using filter_del
21734 =item Filter::Simple
21742 =head2 FindBin - Locate directory of original perl script
21750 =item EXPORTABLE VARIABLES
21762 =head2 GDBM_File - Perl5 access to the gdbm library.
21778 =head2 Getopt::Long - Extended processing of command line options
21786 =item Command Line Options, an Introduction
21788 =item Getting Started with Getopt::Long
21792 =item Simple options
21794 =item A little bit less simple options
21796 =item Mixing command line option with other arguments
21798 =item Options with values
21800 =item Options with multiple values
21802 =item Options with hash values
21804 =item User-defined subroutines to handle options
21806 =item Options with multiple names
21808 =item Case and abbreviations
21810 =item Summary of Option Specifications
21812 !, +, s, i, o, f, : I<type> [ I<desttype> ], : I<number> [ I<desttype> ], :
21817 =item Advanced Possibilities
21821 =item Object oriented interface
21823 =item Thread Safety
21825 =item Documentation and help texts
21827 =item Parsing options from an arbitrary array
21829 =item Parsing options from an arbitrary string
21831 =item Storing options values in a hash
21835 =item The lonesome dash
21837 =item Argument callback
21841 =item Configuring Getopt::Long
21843 default, posix_default, auto_abbrev, getopt_compat, gnu_compat, gnu_getopt,
21844 require_order, permute, bundling (default: disabled), bundling_override
21845 (default: disabled), ignore_case (default: enabled), ignore_case_always
21846 (default: disabled), auto_version (default:disabled), auto_help
21847 (default:disabled), pass_through (default: disabled), prefix,
21848 prefix_pattern, long_prefix_pattern, debug (default: disabled)
21850 =item Exportable Methods
21852 VersionMessage, C<-message>, C<-msg>, C<-exitval>, C<-output>, HelpMessage
21854 =item Return values and Errors
21860 =item Default destinations
21862 =item Alternative option starters
21864 =item Configuration variables
21868 =item Tips and Techniques
21872 =item Pushing multiple values in a hash option
21876 =item Trouble Shooting
21880 =item GetOptions does not return a false result when an option is not
21883 =item GetOptions does not split the command line correctly
21885 =item Undefined subroutine &main::GetOptions called
21887 =item How do I put a "-?" option into a Getopt::Long?
21893 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER
21897 =head2 Getopt::Std, getopt, getopts - Process single-character switches
21898 with switch clustering
21906 =item C<--help> and C<--version>
21910 =head2 Hash::Util - A selection of general-utility hash subroutines
21920 =item Restricted hashes
21922 B<lock_keys>, B<unlock_keys>
21930 B<lock_value>, B<unlock_value>
21932 B<lock_hash>, B<unlock_hash>
21934 B<lock_hash_recurse>, B<unlock_hash_recurse>
21938 B<legal_keys>, B<hidden_keys>, B<all_keys>, B<hash_seed>
21944 =item Operating on references to hashes.
21946 lock_ref_keys, unlock_ref_keys, lock_ref_keys_plus, lock_ref_value,
21947 unlock_ref_value, lock_hashref, unlock_hashref, lock_hashref_recurse,
21948 unlock_hashref_recurse, hash_ref_unlocked, legal_ref_keys, hidden_ref_keys
21964 =head2 Hash::Util::FieldHash - Support for Inside-Out Classes
21972 id, id_2obj, register, idhash, idhashes, fieldhash, fieldhashes
21978 =item The Inside-out Technique
21980 =item Problems of Inside-out
21984 =item More Problems
21986 =item The Generic Object
21988 =item How to use Field Hashes
21990 =item Garbage-Collected Hashes
21996 C<init()>, C<first()>, C<last()>, C<name()>, C<Name_hash>, C<Name_id>,
21997 C<Name_idhash>, C<Name_id_reg>, C<Name_idhash_reg>, C<Name_fieldhash>
22011 =item The C<PERL_MAGIC_uvar> interface for hashes
22013 =item Weakrefs call uvar magic
22015 =item How field hashes work
22017 =item Internal function Hash::Util::FieldHash::_fieldhash
22023 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
22027 =head2 Hash::Util::FieldHash::lib::Hash::Util::FieldHash,
22028 Hash::Util::FieldHash - Support for Inside-Out Classes
22036 id, id_2obj, register, idhash, idhashes, fieldhash, fieldhashes
22042 =item The Inside-out Technique
22044 =item Problems of Inside-out
22048 =item More Problems
22050 =item The Generic Object
22052 =item How to use Field Hashes
22054 =item Garbage-Collected Hashes
22060 C<init()>, C<first()>, C<last()>, C<name()>, C<Name_hash>, C<Name_id>,
22061 C<Name_idhash>, C<Name_id_reg>, C<Name_idhash_reg>, C<Name_fieldhash>
22075 =item The C<PERL_MAGIC_uvar> interface for hashes
22077 =item Weakrefs call uvar magic
22079 =item How field hashes work
22081 =item Internal function Hash::Util::FieldHash::_fieldhash
22087 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
22091 =head2 Hash::Utilib::Hash::Util, Hash::Util - A selection of
22092 general-utility hash subroutines
22102 =item Restricted hashes
22104 B<lock_keys>, B<unlock_keys>
22112 B<lock_value>, B<unlock_value>
22114 B<lock_hash>, B<unlock_hash>
22116 B<lock_hash_recurse>, B<unlock_hash_recurse>
22120 B<legal_keys>, B<hidden_keys>, B<all_keys>, B<hash_seed>
22126 =item Operating on references to hashes.
22128 lock_ref_keys, unlock_ref_keys, lock_ref_keys_plus, lock_ref_value,
22129 unlock_ref_value, lock_hashref, unlock_hashref, lock_hashref_recurse,
22130 unlock_hashref_recurse, hash_ref_unlocked, legal_ref_keys, hidden_ref_keys
22146 =head2 I18N::Collate - compare 8-bit scalar data according to the current
22157 =head2 I18N::LangTags - functions for dealing with RFC3066-style language
22168 the function is_language_tag($lang1)
22170 the function extract_language_tags($whatever)
22172 the function same_language_tag($lang1, $lang2)
22174 the function similarity_language_tag($lang1, $lang2)
22176 the function is_dialect_of($lang1, $lang2)
22178 the function super_languages($lang1)
22180 the function locale2language_tag($locale_identifier)
22182 the function encode_language_tag($lang1)
22184 the function alternate_language_tags($lang1)
22186 the function @langs = panic_languages(@accept_languages)
22188 the function implicate_supers( ...languages... ), the function
22189 implicate_supers_strictly( ...languages... )
22193 =item ABOUT LOWERCASING
22195 =item ABOUT UNICODE PLAINTEXT LANGUAGE TAGS
22205 =head2 I18N::LangTags::Detect - detect the user's language preferences
22225 =head2 I18N::LangTags::List -- tags and names for human languages
22233 =item ABOUT LANGUAGE TAGS
22235 =item LIST OF LANGUAGES
22237 {ab} : Abkhazian, {ace} : Achinese, {ach} : Acoli, {ada} : Adangme, {ady} :
22238 Adyghe, {aa} : Afar, {afh} : Afrihili, {af} : Afrikaans, [{afa} :
22239 Afro-Asiatic (Other)], {ak} : Akan, {akk} : Akkadian, {sq} : Albanian,
22240 {ale} : Aleut, [{alg} : Algonquian languages], [{tut} : Altaic (Other)],
22241 {am} : Amharic, {i-ami} : Ami, [{apa} : Apache languages], {ar} : Arabic,
22242 {arc} : Aramaic, {arp} : Arapaho, {arn} : Araucanian, {arw} : Arawak, {hy}
22243 : Armenian, {an} : Aragonese, [{art} : Artificial (Other)], {ast} :
22244 Asturian, {as} : Assamese, [{ath} : Athapascan languages], [{aus} :
22245 Australian languages], [{map} : Austronesian (Other)], {av} : Avaric, {ae}
22246 : Avestan, {awa} : Awadhi, {ay} : Aymara, {az} : Azerbaijani, {ban} :
22247 Balinese, [{bat} : Baltic (Other)], {bal} : Baluchi, {bm} : Bambara, [{bai}
22248 : Bamileke languages], {bad} : Banda, [{bnt} : Bantu (Other)], {bas} :
22249 Basa, {ba} : Bashkir, {eu} : Basque, {btk} : Batak (Indonesia), {bej} :
22250 Beja, {be} : Belarusian, {bem} : Bemba, {bn} : Bengali, [{ber} : Berber
22251 (Other)], {bho} : Bhojpuri, {bh} : Bihari, {bik} : Bikol, {bin} : Bini,
22252 {bi} : Bislama, {bs} : Bosnian, {bra} : Braj, {br} : Breton, {bug} :
22253 Buginese, {bg} : Bulgarian, {i-bnn} : Bunun, {bua} : Buriat, {my} :
22254 Burmese, {cad} : Caddo, {car} : Carib, {ca} : Catalan, [{cau} : Caucasian
22255 (Other)], {ceb} : Cebuano, [{cel} : Celtic (Other)], [{cai} : Central
22256 American Indian (Other)], {chg} : Chagatai, [{cmc} : Chamic languages],
22257 {ch} : Chamorro, {ce} : Chechen, {chr} : Cherokee, {chy} : Cheyenne, {chb}
22258 : Chibcha, {ny} : Chichewa, {zh} : Chinese, {chn} : Chinook Jargon, {chp} :
22259 Chipewyan, {cho} : Choctaw, {cu} : Church Slavic, {chk} : Chuukese, {cv} :
22260 Chuvash, {cop} : Coptic, {kw} : Cornish, {co} : Corsican, {cr} : Cree,
22261 {mus} : Creek, [{cpe} : English-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{cpf}
22262 : French-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{cpp} : Portuguese-based
22263 Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{crp} : Creoles and pidgins (Other)], {hr} :
22264 Croatian, [{cus} : Cushitic (Other)], {cs} : Czech, {dak} : Dakota, {da} :
22265 Danish, {dar} : Dargwa, {day} : Dayak, {i-default} : Default (Fallthru)
22266 Language, {del} : Delaware, {din} : Dinka, {dv} : Divehi, {doi} : Dogri,
22267 {dgr} : Dogrib, [{dra} : Dravidian (Other)], {dua} : Duala, {nl} : Dutch,
22268 {dum} : Middle Dutch (ca.1050-1350), {dyu} : Dyula, {dz} : Dzongkha, {efi}
22269 : Efik, {egy} : Ancient Egyptian, {eka} : Ekajuk, {elx} : Elamite, {en} :
22270 English, {enm} : Old English (1100-1500), {ang} : Old English
22271 (ca.450-1100), {i-enochian} : Enochian (Artificial), {myv} : Erzya, {eo} :
22272 Esperanto, {et} : Estonian, {ee} : Ewe, {ewo} : Ewondo, {fan} : Fang, {fat}
22273 : Fanti, {fo} : Faroese, {fj} : Fijian, {fi} : Finnish, [{fiu} :
22274 Finno-Ugrian (Other)], {fon} : Fon, {fr} : French, {frm} : Middle French
22275 (ca.1400-1600), {fro} : Old French (842-ca.1400), {fy} : Frisian, {fur} :
22276 Friulian, {ff} : Fulah, {gaa} : Ga, {gd} : Scots Gaelic, {gl} : Gallegan,
22277 {lg} : Ganda, {gay} : Gayo, {gba} : Gbaya, {gez} : Geez, {ka} : Georgian,
22278 {de} : German, {gmh} : Middle High German (ca.1050-1500), {goh} : Old High
22279 German (ca.750-1050), [{gem} : Germanic (Other)], {gil} : Gilbertese, {gon}
22280 : Gondi, {gor} : Gorontalo, {got} : Gothic, {grb} : Grebo, {grc} : Ancient
22281 Greek, {el} : Modern Greek, {gn} : Guarani, {gu} : Gujarati, {gwi} :
22282 Gwich'in, {hai} : Haida, {ht} : Haitian, {ha} : Hausa, {haw} : Hawaiian,
22283 {he} : Hebrew, {hz} : Herero, {hil} : Hiligaynon, {him} : Himachali, {hi} :
22284 Hindi, {ho} : Hiri Motu, {hit} : Hittite, {hmn} : Hmong, {hu} : Hungarian,
22285 {hup} : Hupa, {iba} : Iban, {is} : Icelandic, {io} : Ido, {ig} : Igbo,
22286 {ijo} : Ijo, {ilo} : Iloko, [{inc} : Indic (Other)], [{ine} : Indo-European
22287 (Other)], {id} : Indonesian, {inh} : Ingush, {ia} : Interlingua
22288 (International Auxiliary Language Association), {ie} : Interlingue, {iu} :
22289 Inuktitut, {ik} : Inupiaq, [{ira} : Iranian (Other)], {ga} : Irish, {mga} :
22290 Middle Irish (900-1200), {sga} : Old Irish (to 900), [{iro} : Iroquoian
22291 languages], {it} : Italian, {ja} : Japanese, {jv} : Javanese, {jrb} :
22292 Judeo-Arabic, {jpr} : Judeo-Persian, {kbd} : Kabardian, {kab} : Kabyle,
22293 {kac} : Kachin, {kl} : Kalaallisut, {xal} : Kalmyk, {kam} : Kamba, {kn} :
22294 Kannada, {kr} : Kanuri, {krc} : Karachay-Balkar, {kaa} : Kara-Kalpak, {kar}
22295 : Karen, {ks} : Kashmiri, {csb} : Kashubian, {kaw} : Kawi, {kk} : Kazakh,
22296 {kha} : Khasi, {km} : Khmer, [{khi} : Khoisan (Other)], {kho} : Khotanese,
22297 {ki} : Kikuyu, {kmb} : Kimbundu, {rw} : Kinyarwanda, {ky} : Kirghiz,
22298 {i-klingon} : Klingon, {kv} : Komi, {kg} : Kongo, {kok} : Konkani, {ko} :
22299 Korean, {kos} : Kosraean, {kpe} : Kpelle, {kro} : Kru, {kj} : Kuanyama,
22300 {kum} : Kumyk, {ku} : Kurdish, {kru} : Kurukh, {kut} : Kutenai, {lad} :
22301 Ladino, {lah} : Lahnda, {lam} : Lamba, {lo} : Lao, {la} : Latin, {lv} :
22302 Latvian, {lb} : Letzeburgesch, {lez} : Lezghian, {li} : Limburgish, {ln} :
22303 Lingala, {lt} : Lithuanian, {nds} : Low German, {art-lojban} : Lojban
22304 (Artificial), {loz} : Lozi, {lu} : Luba-Katanga, {lua} : Luba-Lulua, {lui}
22305 : Luiseno, {lun} : Lunda, {luo} : Luo (Kenya and Tanzania), {lus} : Lushai,
22306 {mk} : Macedonian, {mad} : Madurese, {mag} : Magahi, {mai} : Maithili,
22307 {mak} : Makasar, {mg} : Malagasy, {ms} : Malay, {ml} : Malayalam, {mt} :
22308 Maltese, {mnc} : Manchu, {mdr} : Mandar, {man} : Mandingo, {mni} :
22309 Manipuri, [{mno} : Manobo languages], {gv} : Manx, {mi} : Maori, {mr} :
22310 Marathi, {chm} : Mari, {mh} : Marshall, {mwr} : Marwari, {mas} : Masai,
22311 [{myn} : Mayan languages], {men} : Mende, {mic} : Micmac, {min} :
22312 Minangkabau, {i-mingo} : Mingo, [{mis} : Miscellaneous languages], {moh} :
22313 Mohawk, {mdf} : Moksha, {mo} : Moldavian, [{mkh} : Mon-Khmer (Other)],
22314 {lol} : Mongo, {mn} : Mongolian, {mos} : Mossi, [{mul} : Multiple
22315 languages], [{mun} : Munda languages], {nah} : Nahuatl, {nap} : Neapolitan,
22316 {na} : Nauru, {nv} : Navajo, {nd} : North Ndebele, {nr} : South Ndebele,
22317 {ng} : Ndonga, {ne} : Nepali, {new} : Newari, {nia} : Nias, [{nic} :
22318 Niger-Kordofanian (Other)], [{ssa} : Nilo-Saharan (Other)], {niu} : Niuean,
22319 {nog} : Nogai, {non} : Old Norse, [{nai} : North American Indian], {no} :
22320 Norwegian, {nb} : Norwegian Bokmal, {nn} : Norwegian Nynorsk, [{nub} :
22321 Nubian languages], {nym} : Nyamwezi, {nyn} : Nyankole, {nyo} : Nyoro, {nzi}
22322 : Nzima, {oc} : Occitan (post 1500), {oj} : Ojibwa, {or} : Oriya, {om} :
22323 Oromo, {osa} : Osage, {os} : Ossetian; Ossetic, [{oto} : Otomian
22324 languages], {pal} : Pahlavi, {i-pwn} : Paiwan, {pau} : Palauan, {pi} :
22325 Pali, {pam} : Pampanga, {pag} : Pangasinan, {pa} : Panjabi, {pap} :
22326 Papiamento, [{paa} : Papuan (Other)], {fa} : Persian, {peo} : Old Persian
22327 (ca.600-400 B.C.), [{phi} : Philippine (Other)], {phn} : Phoenician, {pon}
22328 : Pohnpeian, {pl} : Polish, {pt} : Portuguese, [{pra} : Prakrit languages],
22329 {pro} : Old Provencal (to 1500), {ps} : Pushto, {qu} : Quechua, {rm} :
22330 Raeto-Romance, {raj} : Rajasthani, {rap} : Rapanui, {rar} : Rarotongan,
22331 [{qaa - qtz} : Reserved for local use.], [{roa} : Romance (Other)], {ro} :
22332 Romanian, {rom} : Romany, {rn} : Rundi, {ru} : Russian, [{sal} : Salishan
22333 languages], {sam} : Samaritan Aramaic, {se} : Northern Sami, {sma} :
22334 Southern Sami, {smn} : Inari Sami, {smj} : Lule Sami, {sms} : Skolt Sami,
22335 [{smi} : Sami languages (Other)], {sm} : Samoan, {sad} : Sandawe, {sg} :
22336 Sango, {sa} : Sanskrit, {sat} : Santali, {sc} : Sardinian, {sas} : Sasak,
22337 {sco} : Scots, {sel} : Selkup, [{sem} : Semitic (Other)], {sr} : Serbian,
22338 {srr} : Serer, {shn} : Shan, {sn} : Shona, {sid} : Sidamo, {sgn-...} : Sign
22339 Languages, {bla} : Siksika, {sd} : Sindhi, {si} : Sinhalese, [{sit} :
22340 Sino-Tibetan (Other)], [{sio} : Siouan languages], {den} : Slave
22341 (Athapascan), [{sla} : Slavic (Other)], {sk} : Slovak, {sl} : Slovenian,
22342 {sog} : Sogdian, {so} : Somali, {son} : Songhai, {snk} : Soninke, {wen} :
22343 Sorbian languages, {nso} : Northern Sotho, {st} : Southern Sotho, [{sai} :
22344 South American Indian (Other)], {es} : Spanish, {suk} : Sukuma, {sux} :
22345 Sumerian, {su} : Sundanese, {sus} : Susu, {sw} : Swahili, {ss} : Swati,
22346 {sv} : Swedish, {syr} : Syriac, {tl} : Tagalog, {ty} : Tahitian, [{tai} :
22347 Tai (Other)], {tg} : Tajik, {tmh} : Tamashek, {ta} : Tamil, {i-tao} : Tao,
22348 {tt} : Tatar, {i-tay} : Tayal, {te} : Telugu, {ter} : Tereno, {tet} :
22349 Tetum, {th} : Thai, {bo} : Tibetan, {tig} : Tigre, {ti} : Tigrinya, {tem} :
22350 Timne, {tiv} : Tiv, {tli} : Tlingit, {tpi} : Tok Pisin, {tkl} : Tokelau,
22351 {tog} : Tonga (Nyasa), {to} : Tonga (Tonga Islands), {tsi} : Tsimshian,
22352 {ts} : Tsonga, {i-tsu} : Tsou, {tn} : Tswana, {tum} : Tumbuka, [{tup} :
22353 Tupi languages], {tr} : Turkish, {ota} : Ottoman Turkish (1500-1928), {crh}
22354 : Crimean Turkish, {tk} : Turkmen, {tvl} : Tuvalu, {tyv} : Tuvinian, {tw} :
22355 Twi, {udm} : Udmurt, {uga} : Ugaritic, {ug} : Uighur, {uk} : Ukrainian,
22356 {umb} : Umbundu, {und} : Undetermined, {ur} : Urdu, {uz} : Uzbek, {vai} :
22357 Vai, {ve} : Venda, {vi} : Vietnamese, {vo} : Volapuk, {vot} : Votic, [{wak}
22358 : Wakashan languages], {wa} : Walloon, {wal} : Walamo, {war} : Waray, {was}
22359 : Washo, {cy} : Welsh, {wo} : Wolof, {x-...} : Unregistered (Semi-Private
22360 Use), {xh} : Xhosa, {sah} : Yakut, {yao} : Yao, {yap} : Yapese, {ii} :
22361 Sichuan Yi, {yi} : Yiddish, {yo} : Yoruba, [{ypk} : Yupik languages], {znd}
22362 : Zande, [{zap} : Zapotec], {zen} : Zenaga, {za} : Zhuang, {zu} : Zulu,
22367 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER
22373 =head2 I18N::Langinfo - query locale information
22391 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
22395 =head2 IO - load various IO modules
22407 =head2 IO::Compress::Base - Base Class for IO::Compress modules
22419 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
22421 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
22425 =head2 IO::Compress::Deflate - Write RFC 1950 files/buffers
22433 =item Functional Interface
22437 =item deflate $input => $output [, OPTS]
22439 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
22440 FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array
22441 Reference, An Output FileGlob
22445 =item Optional Parameters
22447 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< BinModeIn => 0|1 >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>
22459 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
22461 =item Constructor Options
22463 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>, A Buffer, A Filename, A
22464 Filehandle, C<< Merge => 0|1 >>, -Level, -Strategy, C<< Strict => 0|1 >>
22496 =item input_line_number
22502 =item newStream([OPTS])
22504 =item deflateParams
22510 :all, :constants, :flush, :level, :strategy
22518 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
22520 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
22524 =head2 IO::Compress::Gzip - Write RFC 1952 files/buffers
22532 =item Functional Interface
22536 =item gzip $input => $output [, OPTS]
22538 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
22539 FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array
22540 Reference, An Output FileGlob
22544 =item Optional Parameters
22546 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< BinModeIn => 0|1 >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>
22558 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
22560 =item Constructor Options
22562 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>, A Buffer, A Filename, A
22563 Filehandle, C<< Merge => 0|1 >>, -Level, -Strategy, C<< Minimal => 0|1 >>,
22564 C<< Comment => $comment >>, C<< Name => $string >>, C<< Time => $number >>,
22565 C<< TextFlag => 0|1 >>, C<< HeaderCRC => 0|1 >>, C<< OS_Code => $value >>,
22566 C<< ExtraField => $data >>, C<< ExtraFlags => $value >>, C<< Strict => 0|1
22599 =item input_line_number
22605 =item newStream([OPTS])
22607 =item deflateParams
22613 :all, :constants, :flush, :level, :strategy
22621 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
22623 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
22627 =head2 IO::Compress::RawDeflate - Write RFC 1951 files/buffers
22635 =item Functional Interface
22639 =item rawdeflate $input => $output [, OPTS]
22641 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
22642 FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array
22643 Reference, An Output FileGlob
22647 =item Optional Parameters
22649 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< BinModeIn => 0|1 >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>
22661 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
22663 =item Constructor Options
22665 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>, A Buffer, A Filename, A
22666 Filehandle, C<< Merge => 0|1 >>, -Level, -Strategy, C<< Strict => 0|1 >>
22698 =item input_line_number
22704 =item newStream([OPTS])
22706 =item deflateParams
22712 :all, :constants, :flush, :level, :strategy
22720 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
22722 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
22726 =head2 IO::Compress::Zip - Write zip files/buffers
22734 =item Functional Interface
22738 =item zip $input => $output [, OPTS]
22740 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
22741 FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array
22742 Reference, An Output FileGlob
22746 =item Optional Parameters
22748 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< BinModeIn => 0|1 >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>
22760 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
22762 =item Constructor Options
22764 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>, A Buffer, A Filename, A
22765 Filehandle, C<< Name => $string >>, C<< Time => $number >>, C<< ExtAttr =>
22766 $attr >>, C<< exTime => [$atime, $mtime, $ctime] >>, C<< Comment =>
22767 $comment >>, C<< ZipComment => $comment >>, C<< Method => $method >>, C<<
22768 Stream => 0|1 >>, C<< Zip64 => 0|1 >>, C<< TextFlag => 0|1 >>, C<<
22769 ExtraFieldLocal => $data >> =item C<< ExtraFieldCentral => $data >>, C<<
22770 Minimal => 1|0 >>, C<< BlockSize100K => number >>, C<< WorkFactor => number
22771 >>, -Level, -Strategy, C<< Strict => 0|1 >>
22803 =item input_line_number
22809 =item newStream([OPTS])
22811 =item deflateParams
22817 :all, :constants, :flush, :level, :strategy, :zip_method
22825 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
22827 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
22831 =head2 IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory handles
22839 new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (),
22840 rewind (), close (), tie %hash, 'IO::Dir', DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ]
22850 =head2 IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles
22860 new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile
22864 open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), open( FILENAME, IOLAYERS ), binmode(
22875 =head2 IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O handles
22885 new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE )
22889 $io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines,
22890 $io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ), $io->error,
22891 $io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush ( ARGS ),
22892 $io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint
22904 =head2 IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes
22914 new ( [READER, WRITER] )
22918 reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles ()
22928 =head2 IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call
22938 mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ), remove (
22939 IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] )
22949 =head2 IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for I/O objects
22957 $io->getpos, $io->setpos, $io->seek ( POS, WHENCE ), WHENCE=0 (SEEK_SET),
22958 WHENCE=1 (SEEK_CUR), WHENCE=2 (SEEK_END), $io->sysseek( POS, WHENCE ),
22967 =head2 IO::Select - OO interface to the select system call
22977 new ( [ HANDLES ] )
22981 add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read (
22982 [ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ),
22983 count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, EXCEPTION [, TIMEOUT ] )
22993 =head2 IO::Socket - Object interface to socket communications
23007 accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), atmark, connected,
23008 protocol, sockdomain, sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), socktype, timeout([VAL])
23018 =head2 IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for AF_INET domain sockets
23034 sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost
23047 =head2 IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for AF_UNIX domain sockets
23061 hostpath(), peerpath()
23071 =head2 IO::Uncompress::AnyInflate - Uncompress zlib-based (zip, gzip)
23080 RFC 1950, RFC 1951 (optionally), gzip (RFC 1952), zip
23082 =item Functional Interface
23086 =item anyinflate $input => $output [, OPTS]
23088 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
23089 FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array
23090 Reference, An Output FileGlob
23094 =item Optional Parameters
23096 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< BinModeOut => 0|1 >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>,
23097 C<< MultiStream => 0|1 >>, C<< TrailingData => $scalar >>
23109 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
23111 =item Constructor Options
23113 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< MultiStream => 0|1 >>, C<< Prime => $string
23114 >>, C<< Transparent => 0|1 >>, C<< BlockSize => $num >>, C<< InputLength =>
23115 $size >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>, C<< Strict => 0|1 >>, C<< RawInflate => 0|1
23116 >>, C<< ParseExtra => 0|1 >> If the gzip FEXTRA header field is present and
23117 this option is set, it will force the module to check that it conforms to
23118 the sub-field structure as defined in RFC 1952
23140 =item getHeaderInfo
23154 =item input_line_number
23176 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
23178 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
23182 =head2 IO::Uncompress::AnyUncompress - Uncompress gzip, zip, bzip2 or lzop
23191 RFC 1950, RFC 1951 (optionally), gzip (RFC 1952), zip, bzip2, lzop, lzf
23193 =item Functional Interface
23197 =item anyuncompress $input => $output [, OPTS]
23199 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
23200 FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array
23201 Reference, An Output FileGlob
23205 =item Optional Parameters
23207 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< BinModeOut => 0|1 >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>,
23208 C<< MultiStream => 0|1 >>, C<< TrailingData => $scalar >>
23220 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
23222 =item Constructor Options
23224 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< MultiStream => 0|1 >>, C<< Prime => $string
23225 >>, C<< Transparent => 0|1 >>, C<< BlockSize => $num >>, C<< InputLength =>
23226 $size >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>, C<< Strict => 0|1 >>, C<< RawInflate => 0|1
23247 =item getHeaderInfo
23261 =item input_line_number
23283 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
23285 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
23289 =head2 IO::Uncompress::Base - Base Class for IO::Uncompress modules
23301 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
23303 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
23307 =head2 IO::Uncompress::Gunzip - Read RFC 1952 files/buffers
23315 =item Functional Interface
23319 =item gunzip $input => $output [, OPTS]
23321 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
23322 FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array
23323 Reference, An Output FileGlob
23327 =item Optional Parameters
23329 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< BinModeOut => 0|1 >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>,
23330 C<< MultiStream => 0|1 >>, C<< TrailingData => $scalar >>
23342 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
23344 =item Constructor Options
23346 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< MultiStream => 0|1 >>, C<< Prime => $string
23347 >>, C<< Transparent => 0|1 >>, C<< BlockSize => $num >>, C<< InputLength =>
23348 $size >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>, C<< Strict => 0|1 >>, C<< ParseExtra => 0|1
23349 >> If the gzip FEXTRA header field is present and this option is set, it
23350 will force the module to check that it conforms to the sub-field structure
23351 as defined in RFC 1952
23373 =item getHeaderInfo
23389 =item input_line_number
23411 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
23413 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
23417 =head2 IO::Uncompress::Inflate - Read RFC 1950 files/buffers
23425 =item Functional Interface
23429 =item inflate $input => $output [, OPTS]
23431 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
23432 FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array
23433 Reference, An Output FileGlob
23437 =item Optional Parameters
23439 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< BinModeOut => 0|1 >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>,
23440 C<< MultiStream => 0|1 >>, C<< TrailingData => $scalar >>
23452 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
23454 =item Constructor Options
23456 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< MultiStream => 0|1 >>, C<< Prime => $string
23457 >>, C<< Transparent => 0|1 >>, C<< BlockSize => $num >>, C<< InputLength =>
23458 $size >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>, C<< Strict => 0|1 >>
23480 =item getHeaderInfo
23494 =item input_line_number
23516 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
23518 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
23522 =head2 IO::Uncompress::RawInflate - Read RFC 1951 files/buffers
23530 =item Functional Interface
23534 =item rawinflate $input => $output [, OPTS]
23536 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
23537 FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array
23538 Reference, An Output FileGlob
23542 =item Optional Parameters
23544 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< BinModeOut => 0|1 >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>,
23545 C<< MultiStream => 0|1 >>, C<< TrailingData => $scalar >>
23557 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
23559 =item Constructor Options
23561 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< MultiStream => 0|1 >>, C<< Prime => $string
23562 >>, C<< Transparent => 0|1 >>, C<< BlockSize => $num >>, C<< InputLength =>
23563 $size >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>, C<< Strict => 0|1 >>
23585 =item getHeaderInfo
23599 =item input_line_number
23621 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
23623 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
23627 =head2 IO::Uncompress::Unzip - Read zip files/buffers
23635 =item Functional Interface
23639 =item unzip $input => $output [, OPTS]
23641 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
23642 FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array
23643 Reference, An Output FileGlob
23647 =item Optional Parameters
23649 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< BinModeOut => 0|1 >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>,
23650 C<< MultiStream => 0|1 >>, C<< TrailingData => $scalar >>
23662 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
23664 =item Constructor Options
23666 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< MultiStream => 0|1 >>, C<< Prime => $string
23667 >>, C<< Transparent => 0|1 >>, C<< BlockSize => $num >>, C<< InputLength =>
23668 $size >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>, C<< Strict => 0|1 >>
23690 =item getHeaderInfo
23704 =item input_line_number
23726 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
23728 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
23732 =head2 IO::Zlib - IO:: style interface to L<Compress::Zlib>
23744 =item OBJECT METHODS
23746 open ( FILENAME, MODE ), opened, close, getc, getline, getlines, print (
23747 ARGS... ), read ( BUF, NBYTES, [OFFSET] ), eof, seek ( OFFSET, WHENCE ),
23748 tell, setpos ( POS ), getpos ( POS )
23750 =item USING THE EXTERNAL GZIP
23752 =item CLASS METHODS
23754 has_Compress_Zlib, gzip_external, gzip_used, gzip_read_open,
23759 IO::Zlib::getlines: must be called in list context,
23760 IO::Zlib::gzopen_external: mode '...' is illegal, IO::Zlib::import: '...'
23761 is illegal, IO::Zlib::import: ':gzip_external' requires an argument,
23762 IO::Zlib::import: 'gzip_read_open' requires an argument, IO::Zlib::import:
23763 'gzip_read' '...' is illegal, IO::Zlib::import: 'gzip_write_open' requires
23764 an argument, IO::Zlib::import: 'gzip_write_open' '...' is illegal,
23765 IO::Zlib::import: no Compress::Zlib and no external gzip, IO::Zlib::open:
23766 needs a filename, IO::Zlib::READ: NBYTES must be specified,
23767 IO::Zlib::WRITE: too long LENGTH, IO::Zlib::WRITE: OFFSET is not supported
23777 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Dir, IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory
23786 new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (),
23787 rewind (), close (), tie %hash, 'IO::Dir', DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ]
23797 =head2 IO::lib::IO::File, IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles
23807 new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile
23811 open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), open( FILENAME, IOLAYERS ), binmode(
23822 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Handle, IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O
23833 new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE )
23837 $io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines,
23838 $io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ), $io->error,
23839 $io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush ( ARGS ),
23840 $io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint
23852 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Pipe, IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes
23862 new ( [READER, WRITER] )
23866 reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles ()
23876 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Poll, IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call
23886 mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ), remove (
23887 IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] )
23897 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Seekable, IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for
23906 $io->getpos, $io->setpos, $io->seek ( POS, WHENCE ), WHENCE=0 (SEEK_SET),
23907 WHENCE=1 (SEEK_CUR), WHENCE=2 (SEEK_END), $io->sysseek( POS, WHENCE ),
23916 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Select, IO::Select - OO interface to the select system
23927 new ( [ HANDLES ] )
23931 add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read (
23932 [ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ),
23933 count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, EXCEPTION [, TIMEOUT ] )
23943 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket, IO::Socket - Object interface to socket
23958 accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), atmark, connected,
23959 protocol, sockdomain, sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), socktype, timeout([VAL])
23969 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket::INET, IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for
23970 AF_INET domain sockets
23986 sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost
23999 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket::UNIX, IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for
24000 AF_UNIX domain sockets
24014 hostpath(), peerpath()
24024 =head2 IO_Compress_Base::lib::File::GlobMapper, File::GlobMapper - Extend
24025 File Glob to Allow Input and Output Files
24033 This code is a work in progress, There are known bugs, The interface
24034 defined here is tentative, There are portability issues, Do not use in
24035 production code, Consider yourself warned!
24039 =item Behind The Scenes
24043 =item Input File Glob
24045 B<~>, B<~user>, B<.>, B<*>, B<?>, B<\>, B<[]>, B<{,}>, B<()>
24047 =item Output File Glob
24051 =item Returned Data
24059 =item A Rename script
24061 =item A few example globmaps
24069 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
24073 =head2 IO_Compress_Base::lib::IO::Compress::Base, IO::Compress::Base - Base
24074 Class for IO::Compress modules
24086 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
24088 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
24092 =head2 IO_Compress_Base::lib::IO::Uncompress::AnyUncompress,
24093 IO::Uncompress::AnyUncompress - Uncompress gzip, zip, bzip2 or lzop
24102 RFC 1950, RFC 1951 (optionally), gzip (RFC 1952), zip, bzip2, lzop, lzf
24104 =item Functional Interface
24108 =item anyuncompress $input => $output [, OPTS]
24110 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
24111 FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array
24112 Reference, An Output FileGlob
24116 =item Optional Parameters
24118 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< BinModeOut => 0|1 >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>,
24119 C<< MultiStream => 0|1 >>, C<< TrailingData => $scalar >>
24131 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
24133 =item Constructor Options
24135 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< MultiStream => 0|1 >>, C<< Prime => $string
24136 >>, C<< Transparent => 0|1 >>, C<< BlockSize => $num >>, C<< InputLength =>
24137 $size >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>, C<< Strict => 0|1 >>, C<< RawInflate => 0|1
24158 =item getHeaderInfo
24172 =item input_line_number
24194 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
24196 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
24200 =head2 IO_Compress_Base::lib::IO::Uncompress::Base, IO::Uncompress::Base -
24201 Base Class for IO::Uncompress modules
24213 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
24215 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
24219 =head2 IO_Compress_Zlib::IO::Compress::Deflate, IO::Compress::Deflate -
24220 Write RFC 1950 files/buffers
24228 =item Functional Interface
24232 =item deflate $input => $output [, OPTS]
24234 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
24235 FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array
24236 Reference, An Output FileGlob
24240 =item Optional Parameters
24242 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< BinModeIn => 0|1 >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>
24254 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
24256 =item Constructor Options
24258 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>, A Buffer, A Filename, A
24259 Filehandle, C<< Merge => 0|1 >>, -Level, -Strategy, C<< Strict => 0|1 >>
24291 =item input_line_number
24297 =item newStream([OPTS])
24299 =item deflateParams
24305 :all, :constants, :flush, :level, :strategy
24313 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
24315 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
24319 =head2 IO_Compress_Zlib::IO::Compress::Gzip, IO::Compress::Gzip - Write RFC
24328 =item Functional Interface
24332 =item gzip $input => $output [, OPTS]
24334 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
24335 FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array
24336 Reference, An Output FileGlob
24340 =item Optional Parameters
24342 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< BinModeIn => 0|1 >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>
24354 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
24356 =item Constructor Options
24358 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>, A Buffer, A Filename, A
24359 Filehandle, C<< Merge => 0|1 >>, -Level, -Strategy, C<< Minimal => 0|1 >>,
24360 C<< Comment => $comment >>, C<< Name => $string >>, C<< Time => $number >>,
24361 C<< TextFlag => 0|1 >>, C<< HeaderCRC => 0|1 >>, C<< OS_Code => $value >>,
24362 C<< ExtraField => $data >>, C<< ExtraFlags => $value >>, C<< Strict => 0|1
24395 =item input_line_number
24401 =item newStream([OPTS])
24403 =item deflateParams
24409 :all, :constants, :flush, :level, :strategy
24417 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
24419 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
24423 =head2 IO_Compress_Zlib::IO::Compress::RawDeflate, IO::Compress::RawDeflate
24424 - Write RFC 1951 files/buffers
24432 =item Functional Interface
24436 =item rawdeflate $input => $output [, OPTS]
24438 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
24439 FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array
24440 Reference, An Output FileGlob
24444 =item Optional Parameters
24446 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< BinModeIn => 0|1 >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>
24458 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
24460 =item Constructor Options
24462 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>, A Buffer, A Filename, A
24463 Filehandle, C<< Merge => 0|1 >>, -Level, -Strategy, C<< Strict => 0|1 >>
24495 =item input_line_number
24501 =item newStream([OPTS])
24503 =item deflateParams
24509 :all, :constants, :flush, :level, :strategy
24517 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
24519 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
24523 =head2 IO_Compress_Zlib::IO::Compress::Zip, IO::Compress::Zip - Write zip
24532 =item Functional Interface
24536 =item zip $input => $output [, OPTS]
24538 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
24539 FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array
24540 Reference, An Output FileGlob
24544 =item Optional Parameters
24546 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< BinModeIn => 0|1 >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>
24558 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
24560 =item Constructor Options
24562 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>, A Buffer, A Filename, A
24563 Filehandle, C<< Name => $string >>, C<< Time => $number >>, C<< ExtAttr =>
24564 $attr >>, C<< exTime => [$atime, $mtime, $ctime] >>, C<< Comment =>
24565 $comment >>, C<< ZipComment => $comment >>, C<< Method => $method >>, C<<
24566 Stream => 0|1 >>, C<< Zip64 => 0|1 >>, C<< TextFlag => 0|1 >>, C<<
24567 ExtraFieldLocal => $data >> =item C<< ExtraFieldCentral => $data >>, C<<
24568 Minimal => 1|0 >>, C<< BlockSize100K => number >>, C<< WorkFactor => number
24569 >>, -Level, -Strategy, C<< Strict => 0|1 >>
24601 =item input_line_number
24607 =item newStream([OPTS])
24609 =item deflateParams
24615 :all, :constants, :flush, :level, :strategy, :zip_method
24623 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
24625 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
24629 =head2 IO_Compress_Zlib::IO::Uncompress::AnyInflate,
24630 IO::Uncompress::AnyInflate - Uncompress zlib-based (zip, gzip) file/buffer
24638 RFC 1950, RFC 1951 (optionally), gzip (RFC 1952), zip
24640 =item Functional Interface
24644 =item anyinflate $input => $output [, OPTS]
24646 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
24647 FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array
24648 Reference, An Output FileGlob
24652 =item Optional Parameters
24654 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< BinModeOut => 0|1 >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>,
24655 C<< MultiStream => 0|1 >>, C<< TrailingData => $scalar >>
24667 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
24669 =item Constructor Options
24671 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< MultiStream => 0|1 >>, C<< Prime => $string
24672 >>, C<< Transparent => 0|1 >>, C<< BlockSize => $num >>, C<< InputLength =>
24673 $size >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>, C<< Strict => 0|1 >>, C<< RawInflate => 0|1
24674 >>, C<< ParseExtra => 0|1 >> If the gzip FEXTRA header field is present and
24675 this option is set, it will force the module to check that it conforms to
24676 the sub-field structure as defined in RFC 1952
24698 =item getHeaderInfo
24712 =item input_line_number
24734 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
24736 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
24740 =head2 IO_Compress_Zlib::IO::Uncompress::Gunzip, IO::Uncompress::Gunzip -
24741 Read RFC 1952 files/buffers
24749 =item Functional Interface
24753 =item gunzip $input => $output [, OPTS]
24755 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
24756 FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array
24757 Reference, An Output FileGlob
24761 =item Optional Parameters
24763 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< BinModeOut => 0|1 >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>,
24764 C<< MultiStream => 0|1 >>, C<< TrailingData => $scalar >>
24776 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
24778 =item Constructor Options
24780 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< MultiStream => 0|1 >>, C<< Prime => $string
24781 >>, C<< Transparent => 0|1 >>, C<< BlockSize => $num >>, C<< InputLength =>
24782 $size >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>, C<< Strict => 0|1 >>, C<< ParseExtra => 0|1
24783 >> If the gzip FEXTRA header field is present and this option is set, it
24784 will force the module to check that it conforms to the sub-field structure
24785 as defined in RFC 1952
24807 =item getHeaderInfo
24823 =item input_line_number
24845 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
24847 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
24851 =head2 IO_Compress_Zlib::IO::Uncompress::Inflate, IO::Uncompress::Inflate -
24852 Read RFC 1950 files/buffers
24860 =item Functional Interface
24864 =item inflate $input => $output [, OPTS]
24866 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
24867 FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array
24868 Reference, An Output FileGlob
24872 =item Optional Parameters
24874 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< BinModeOut => 0|1 >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>,
24875 C<< MultiStream => 0|1 >>, C<< TrailingData => $scalar >>
24887 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
24889 =item Constructor Options
24891 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< MultiStream => 0|1 >>, C<< Prime => $string
24892 >>, C<< Transparent => 0|1 >>, C<< BlockSize => $num >>, C<< InputLength =>
24893 $size >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>, C<< Strict => 0|1 >>
24915 =item getHeaderInfo
24929 =item input_line_number
24951 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
24953 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
24957 =head2 IO_Compress_Zlib::IO::Uncompress::RawInflate,
24958 IO::Uncompress::RawInflate - Read RFC 1951 files/buffers
24966 =item Functional Interface
24970 =item rawinflate $input => $output [, OPTS]
24972 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
24973 FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array
24974 Reference, An Output FileGlob
24978 =item Optional Parameters
24980 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< BinModeOut => 0|1 >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>,
24981 C<< MultiStream => 0|1 >>, C<< TrailingData => $scalar >>
24993 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
24995 =item Constructor Options
24997 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< MultiStream => 0|1 >>, C<< Prime => $string
24998 >>, C<< Transparent => 0|1 >>, C<< BlockSize => $num >>, C<< InputLength =>
24999 $size >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>, C<< Strict => 0|1 >>
25021 =item getHeaderInfo
25035 =item input_line_number
25057 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
25059 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
25063 =head2 IO_Compress_Zlib::IO::Uncompress::Unzip, IO::Uncompress::Unzip -
25064 Read zip files/buffers
25072 =item Functional Interface
25076 =item unzip $input => $output [, OPTS]
25078 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
25079 FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array
25080 Reference, An Output FileGlob
25084 =item Optional Parameters
25086 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< BinModeOut => 0|1 >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>,
25087 C<< MultiStream => 0|1 >>, C<< TrailingData => $scalar >>
25099 A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
25101 =item Constructor Options
25103 C<< AutoClose => 0|1 >>, C<< MultiStream => 0|1 >>, C<< Prime => $string
25104 >>, C<< Transparent => 0|1 >>, C<< BlockSize => $num >>, C<< InputLength =>
25105 $size >>, C<< Append => 0|1 >>, C<< Strict => 0|1 >>
25127 =item getHeaderInfo
25141 =item input_line_number
25163 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
25165 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
25169 =head2 IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class
25179 new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set
25180 ( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [,
25191 =head2 IPC::Open2, open2 - open a process for both reading and writing
25205 =head2 IPC::Open3, open3 - open a process for reading, writing, and error
25216 L<IPC::Open2>, L<IPC::Run>
25222 =head2 IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object class
25232 new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ),
25233 getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ),
25234 set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N
25245 =head2 IPC::SysV - SysV IPC constants
25263 =head2 IPC::SysV::Msg, IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class
25273 new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set
25274 ( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [,
25285 =head2 IPC::SysV::Semaphore, IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object
25296 new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ),
25297 getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ),
25298 set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N
25309 =head2 IPCmd, IPC::Cmd - finding and running system commands made easy
25317 =item CLASS METHODS
25321 =item $bool = IPC::Cmd->can_use_ipc_run( [VERBOSE] )
25329 =item $bool = IPC::Cmd->can_use_ipc_open3( [VERBOSE] )
25335 =item $bool = IPC::Cmd->can_capture_buffer
25345 =item $path = can_run( PROGRAM );
25353 =item $ok | ($ok, $err, $full_buf, $stdout_buff, $stderr_buff) = run(
25354 command => COMMAND, [verbose => BOOL, buffer => \$SCALAR] );
25356 command, verbose, buffer, success, errorcode, full_buffer, out_buffer,
25365 =item Global Variables
25369 =item $IPC::Cmd::VERBOSE
25371 =item $IPC::Cmd::USE_IPC_RUN
25373 =item $IPC::Cmd::USE_IPC_OPEN3
25375 =item $IPC::Cmd::WARN
25381 Whitespace, IO Redirect
25385 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
25395 =head2 List::Util - A selection of general-utility list subroutines
25403 first BLOCK LIST, max LIST, maxstr LIST, min LIST, minstr LIST, reduce
25404 BLOCK LIST, shuffle LIST, sum LIST
25408 =item SUGGESTED ADDITIONS
25416 =head2 List::Utilib::List::Util, List::Util - A selection of
25417 general-utility list subroutines
25425 first BLOCK LIST, max LIST, maxstr LIST, min LIST, minstr LIST, reduce
25426 BLOCK LIST, shuffle LIST, sum LIST
25430 =item SUGGESTED ADDITIONS
25438 =head2 List::Utilib::Scalar::Util, Scalar::Util - A selection of
25439 general-utility scalar subroutines
25447 blessed EXPR, dualvar NUM, STRING, isvstring EXPR, isweak EXPR,
25448 looks_like_number EXPR, openhandle FH, refaddr EXPR, reftype EXPR,
25449 set_prototype CODEREF, PROTOTYPE, tainted EXPR, weaken REF
25461 =head2 Locale::Constants - constants for Locale codes
25469 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
25473 Locale::Language, Locale::Country, Locale::Script, Locale::Currency
25481 =head2 Locale::Country - ISO codes for country identification (ISO 3166)
25489 B<alpha-2>, B<alpha-3>, B<numeric>
25491 =item CONVERSION ROUTINES
25493 code2country( CODE, [ CODESET ] ), country2code( STRING, [ CODESET ] ),
25494 country_code2code( CODE, CODESET, CODESET )
25496 =item QUERY ROUTINES
25498 C<all_country_codes( [ CODESET ] )>, C<all_country_names( [ CODESET ] )>
25500 =item SEMI-PRIVATE ROUTINES
25506 =item rename_country
25514 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
25518 Locale::Language, Locale::Script, Locale::Currency, Locale::SubCountry, ISO
25519 3166-1, http://www.iso.org/iso/en/prods-services/iso3166ma/index.html,
25520 http://www.egt.ie/standards/iso3166/iso3166-1-en.html,
25521 http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/docs/app-d-1.html
25529 =head2 Locale::Currency - ISO three letter codes for currency
25530 identification (ISO 4217)
25540 =item CONVERSION ROUTINES
25542 code2currency(), currency2code()
25544 =item QUERY ROUTINES
25546 C<all_currency_codes()>, C<all_currency_names()>
25550 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
25554 Locale::Country, Locale::Script, ISO 4217:1995,
25555 http://www.bsi-global.com/iso4217currency
25563 =head2 Locale::Language - ISO two letter codes for language identification
25572 =item CONVERSION ROUTINES
25574 code2language(), language2code()
25576 =item QUERY ROUTINES
25578 C<all_language_codes()>, C<all_language_names()>
25582 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
25586 Locale::Country, Locale::Script, Locale::Currency, ISO 639:1988 (E/F),
25587 http://lcweb.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/langhome.html
25595 =head2 Locale::Maketext - framework for localization
25603 =item QUICK OVERVIEW
25609 =item Construction Methods
25611 =item The "maketext" Method
25613 $lh->fail_with I<or> $lh->fail_with(I<PARAM>), $lh->failure_handler_auto
25615 =item Utility Methods
25617 $language->quant($number, $singular), $language->quant($number, $singular,
25618 $plural), $language->quant($number, $singular, $plural, $negative),
25619 $language->numf($number), $language->sprintf($format, @items),
25620 $language->language_tag(), $language->encoding()
25622 =item Language Handle Attributes and Internals
25626 =item LANGUAGE CLASS HIERARCHIES
25628 =item ENTRIES IN EACH LEXICON
25630 =item BRACKET NOTATION
25632 =item AUTO LEXICONS
25634 =item CONTROLLING LOOKUP FAILURE
25636 =item HOW TO USE MAKETEXT
25640 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER
25646 =head2 Locale::Maketext::Simple - Simple interface to
25647 Locale::Maketext::Lexicon
25681 =item ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
25691 =item The "MIT" License
25697 =head2 Locale::Maketext::TPJ13 -- article about software localization
25705 =item Localization and Perl: gettext breaks, Maketext fixes
25709 =item A Localization Horror Story: It Could Happen To You
25711 =item The Linguistic View
25713 =item Breaking gettext
25715 =item Replacing gettext
25717 =item Buzzwords: Abstraction and Encapsulation
25719 =item Buzzword: Isomorphism
25721 =item Buzzword: Inheritance
25723 =item Buzzword: Concision
25725 =item The Devil in the Details
25727 =item The Proof in the Pudding: Localizing Web Sites
25735 =head2 Locale::Script - ISO codes for script identification (ISO 15924)
25743 B<alpha-2>, B<alpha-3>, B<numeric>
25747 =item SPECIAL CODES
25751 =item CONVERSION ROUTINES
25753 code2script( CODE, [ CODESET ] ), script2code( STRING, [ CODESET ] ),
25754 script_code2code( CODE, CODESET, CODESET )
25756 =item QUERY ROUTINES
25758 C<all_script_codes ( [ CODESET ] )>, C<all_script_names ( [ CODESET ] )>
25762 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
25766 Locale::Language, Locale::Currency, Locale::Country, ISO 15924,
25767 http://www.evertype.com/standards/iso15924/
25775 =head2 Log::Message - A generic message storing mechanism;
25785 Log::Message, Log::Message::Item, Log::Message::Handlers,
25786 Log::Message::Config
25790 config, private, verbose, tag, level, remove, chrono
25810 message, tag, level, extra
25818 tag, level, message, amount, chrono, remove
25846 =item Acknowledgements
25852 =head2 Log::Message::Config - Configuration options for Log::Message
25864 =item Acknowledgements
25870 =head2 Log::Message::Handlers - Message handlers for Log::Message
25878 =item Default Handlers
25932 =item Custom Handlers
25938 =item Acknowledgements
25944 =head2 Log::Message::Item - Message objects for Log::Message
25952 =item Methods and Accessors
25980 =item Acknowledgements
25986 =head2 Log::Message::Simple
25998 =item msg("message string" [,VERBOSE])
26000 =item debug("message string" [,VERBOSE])
26002 =item error("error string" [,VERBOSE])
26022 =item CLASS METHODS
26026 =item Log::Message::Simple->stack()
26028 =item Log::Message::Simple->stack_as_string([TRACE])
26030 =item Log::Message::Simple->flush()
26038 =item GLOBAL VARIABLES
26040 $ERROR_FH, $MSG_FH, $DEBUG_FH, $STACKTRACE_ON_ERROR
26044 =head2 MIME::Base64 - Encoding and decoding of base64 strings
26052 encode_base64($str), encode_base64($str, $eol);, decode_base64($str)
26056 Premature end of base64 data, Premature padding of base64 data, Wide
26057 character in subroutine entry
26067 =head2 MIME::Base64::QuotedPrint, MIME::QuotedPrint - Encoding and decoding
26068 of quoted-printable strings
26076 encode_qp($str), encode_qp($str, $eol), encode_qp($str, $eol, $binmode),
26085 =head2 MIME::QuotedPrint - Encoding and decoding of quoted-printable
26094 encode_qp($str), encode_qp($str, $eol), encode_qp($str, $eol, $binmode),
26103 =head2 Math::BigFloat - Arbitrary size floating point math package
26113 =item Canonical notation
26117 =item C<mantissa()>, C<exponent()> and C<parts()>
26119 =item Accuracy vs. Precision
26123 ffround ( +$scale ), ffround ( -$scale ), ffround ( 0 ), fround ( +$scale
26124 ), fround ( -$scale ) and fround ( 0 )
26154 =item Autocreating constants
26160 =item Using Math::BigInt::Lite
26170 stringify, bstr(), bdiv, brsft, Modifying and =, bpow, precision() vs.
26181 =head2 Math::BigInt - Arbitrary size integer/float math package
26219 =item is_one()/is_zero()/is_nan()/is_inf()
26221 =item is_pos()/is_neg()/is_positive()/is_negative()
26223 $x->is_pos(); # true if > 0
26224 $x->is_neg(); # true if < 0
26226 =item is_odd()/is_even()/is_int()
26322 =item as_int()/as_number()
26336 =item upgrade()/downgrade()
26344 =item ACCURACY and PRECISION
26354 =item Rounding mode R
26356 'trunc', 'even', 'odd', '+inf', '-inf', 'zero', 'common', Precision,
26357 Accuracy (significant digits), Setting/Accessing, Creating numbers, Usage,
26358 Precedence, Overriding globals, Local settings, Rounding, Default values,
26363 =item Infinity and Not a Number
26365 oct()/hex(), log(-inf), exp(), cos(), sin(), atan2()
26375 =item mantissa(), exponent() and parts()
26383 =item Autocreating constants
26389 =item Alternative math libraries
26395 =item Subclassing Math::BigInt
26403 bsqrt(), div(), blog(), bexp()
26411 bstr(), bsstr() and 'cmp', int(), length, bdiv, infinity handling,
26412 Modifying and =, bpow, Overloading -$x, Mixing different object types,
26423 =head2 Math::BigInt::Calc - Pure Perl module to support Math::BigInt
26435 =item WRAP YOUR OWN
26439 This program is free software; you may redistribute it and/or modify it
26441 the same terms as Perl itself.
26449 =head2 Math::BigInt::CalcEmu - Emulate low-level math with BigInt code
26471 This program is free software; you may redistribute it and/or modify it
26473 the same terms as Perl itself.
26481 =head2 Math::BigInt::FastCalc - Math::BigInt::Calc with some XS for more
26496 This program is free software; you may redistribute it and/or modify it
26498 the same terms as Perl itself.
26506 =head2 Math::BigRat - Arbitrary big rational numbers
26528 =item denominator()
26530 $d = $x->denominator();
26536 =item as_int()/as_number()
26544 =item from_hex()/from_bin()/from_oct()
26554 =item bround()/round()/bfround()
26564 =item is_pos()/is_positive()
26566 =item is_neg()/is_negative()
26588 =item badd()/bmul()/bsub()/bdiv()/bdec()/binc()
26592 =item bstr()/bsstr()
26594 =item bacmp()/bcmp()
26596 =item blsft()/brsft()
26610 inf handling (partial), NaN handling (partial), rounding (not implemented
26611 except for bceil/bfloor), $x ** $y where $y is not an integer, bmod(),
26612 blog(), bmodinv() and bmodpow() (partial)
26622 =head2 Math::Complex - complex numbers and associated mathematical
26639 =item CHANGED IN PERL 5.6
26651 =item ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO OR LOGARITHM OF ZERO
26653 =item ERRORS DUE TO INDIGESTIBLE ARGUMENTS
26661 =head2 Math::Trig - trigonometric functions
26669 =item TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS
26675 =item ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO
26677 =item SIMPLE (REAL) ARGUMENTS, COMPLEX RESULTS
26681 =item PLANE ANGLE CONVERSIONS
26683 deg2rad, grad2rad, rad2deg, grad2deg, deg2grad, rad2grad, rad2rad, deg2deg,
26686 =item RADIAL COORDINATE CONVERSIONS
26690 =item COORDINATE SYSTEMS
26692 =item 3-D ANGLE CONVERSIONS
26694 cartesian_to_cylindrical, cartesian_to_spherical, cylindrical_to_cartesian,
26695 cylindrical_to_spherical, spherical_to_cartesian, spherical_to_cylindrical
26699 =item GREAT CIRCLE DISTANCES AND DIRECTIONS
26703 =item great_circle_distance
26705 =item great_circle_direction
26707 =item great_circle_bearing
26709 =item great_circle_destination
26711 =item great_circle_midpoint
26713 =item great_circle_waypoint
26721 =item CAVEAT FOR GREAT CIRCLE FORMULAS
26731 =head2 Memoize - Make functions faster by trading space for time
26749 =item C<SCALAR_CACHE>, C<LIST_CACHE>
26751 C<MEMORY>, C<HASH>, C<TIE>, C<FAULT>, C<MERGE>
26755 =item OTHER FACILITIES
26761 =item C<flush_cache>
26767 =item PERSISTENT CACHE SUPPORT
26769 =item EXPIRATION SUPPORT
26777 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
26783 =head2 Memoize::AnyDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for AnyDBM_File for
26792 =head2 Memoize::Expire - Plug-in module for automatic expiration of
26803 TIEHASH, EXISTS, STORE
26815 =head2 Memoize::ExpireFile - test for Memoize expiration semantics
26823 =head2 Memoize::ExpireTest - test for Memoize expiration semantics
26831 =head2 Memoize::NDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for NDBM_File for
26840 =head2 Memoize::SDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for SDBM_File for
26849 =head2 Memoize::Storable - store Memoized data in Storable database
26857 =head2 Module::Build - Build and install Perl modules
26865 =item GUIDE TO DOCUMENTATION
26867 General Usage (L<Module::Build>), Authoring Reference
26868 (L<Module::Build::Authoring>), API Reference (L<Module::Build::API>),
26869 Cookbook (L<Module::Build::Cookbook>)
26873 build, clean, code, config_data, diff, dist, distcheck, distclean, distdir,
26874 distmeta, distsign, disttest, docs, fakeinstall, help, html, install,
26875 manifest, manpages, pardist, ppd, ppmdist, prereq_report, pure_install,
26876 realclean, retest, skipcheck, test, testall, testcover, testdb, testpod,
26877 testpodcoverage, versioninstall
26883 =item Command Line Options
26885 quiet, use_rcfile, verbose, allow_mb_mismatch
26887 =item Default Options File (F<.modulebuildrc>)
26891 =item INSTALL PATHS
26893 lib, arch, script, bin, bindoc, libdoc, binhtml, libhtml, installdirs,
26894 install_path, install_base, destdir, prefix
26910 =head2 Module::Build::API - API Reference for Module Authors
26920 current(), new(), add_to_cleanup, auto_features, autosplit, build_class,
26921 build_requires, create_packlist, c_source, conflicts, create_makefile_pl,
26922 create_readme, dist_abstract, dist_author, dist_name, dist_version,
26923 dist_version_from, dynamic_config, extra_compiler_flags,
26924 extra_linker_flags, get_options, type, store, default, include_dirs,
26925 install_path, installdirs, license, apache, artistic, artistic_2, bsd, gpl,
26926 lgpl, mit, mozilla, open_source, perl, restrictive, unrestricted, meta_add,
26927 meta_merge, module_name, PL_files, pm_files, pod_files, recommends,
26928 recursive_test_files, requires, script_files, sign, test_files, xs_files,
26929 new_from_context(%args), resume(), subclass()
26933 add_build_element($type), add_to_cleanup(@files), args(),
26934 autosplit_file($from, $to), base_dir(), build_requires(),
26935 check_installed_status($module, $version), check_installed_version($module,
26936 $version), compare_versions($v1, $op, $v2), config($key), config($key,
26937 $value), config() [deprecated], config_data($name), config_data($name =>
26938 $value), conflicts(), contains_pod($file), copy_if_modified(%parameters),
26939 create_build_script(), current_action(), depends_on(@actions),
26940 dir_contains($first_dir, $second_dir), dispatch($action, %args),
26941 dist_dir(), dist_name(), dist_version(), do_system($cmd, @args),
26942 feature($name), feature($name => $value), have_c_compiler(),
26943 install_base_relpaths(), install_base_relpaths($type),
26944 install_base_relpaths($type => $path), install_destination($type),
26945 install_path(), install_path($type), install_path($type => $path),
26946 install_types(), invoked_action(), notes(), notes($key), notes($key =>
26947 $value), orig_dir(), os_type(), is_vmsish(), is_windowsish(), is_unixish(),
26948 prefix_relpaths(), prefix_relpaths($installdirs),
26949 prefix_relpaths($installdirs, $type), prefix_relpaths($installdirs, $type
26950 => $path), prepare_metadata(), prereq_failures(), prereq_report(),
26951 prompt($message, $default), recommends(), requires(), rscan_dir($dir,
26952 $pattern), runtime_params(), runtime_params($key), script_files(),
26953 up_to_date($source_file, $derived_file), up_to_date(\@source_files,
26954 \@derived_files), y_n($message, $default)
26956 =item Autogenerated Accessors
26958 PL_files(), allow_mb_mismatch(), autosplit(), base_dir(), bindoc_dirs(),
26959 blib(), build_bat(), build_class(), build_elements(), build_requires(),
26960 build_script(), c_source(), config_dir(), configure_requires(),
26961 conflicts(), create_makefile_pl(), create_packlist(), create_readme(),
26962 debugger(), destdir(), get_options(), html_css(), include_dirs(),
26963 install_base(), install_sets(), installdirs(), libdoc_dirs(), license(),
26964 magic_number(), mb_version(), meta_add(), meta_merge(), metafile(),
26965 module_name(), orig_dir(), original_prefix(), perl(), pm_files(),
26966 pod_files(), pollute(), prefix(), prereq_action_types(), quiet(),
26967 recommends(), recurse_into(), recursive_test_files(), requires(),
26968 scripts(), use_rcfile(), verbose(), xs_files()
26972 =item MODULE METADATA
26974 keywords, resources
26984 =head2 Module::Build::Authoring - Authoring Module::Build modules
26994 =item PREREQUISITES
26998 =item Types of prerequisites
27000 configure_requires, build_requires, requires, recommends, conflicts
27002 =item Format of prerequisites
27004 =item XS Extensions
27008 =item SAVING CONFIGURATION INFORMATION
27010 =item STARTING MODULE DEVELOPMENT
27022 =head2 Module::Build::Base - Default methods for Module::Build
27038 =head2 Module::Build::Compat - Compatibility with ExtUtils::MakeMaker
27048 create_makefile_pl($style, $build), small, passthrough, traditional,
27049 run_build_pl(args => \@ARGV), args, script, write_makefile(), makefile
27061 =head2 Module::Build::ConfigData - Configuration for Module::Build
27071 config($name), feature($name), set_config($name, $value),
27072 set_feature($name, $value), config_names(), feature_names(),
27073 auto_feature_names(), write()
27079 =head2 Module::Build::Cookbook - Examples of Module::Build Usage
27085 =item BASIC RECIPES
27089 =item Installing modules that use Module::Build
27091 =item Modifying Config.pm values
27093 =item Installing modules using the programmatic interface
27095 =item Installing to a temporary directory
27097 =item Installing to a non-standard directory
27099 =item Installing in the same location as ExtUtils::MakeMaker
27101 =item Running a single test file
27105 =item ADVANCED RECIPES
27109 =item Making a CPAN.pm-compatible distribution
27111 =item Changing the order of the build process
27113 =item Adding new file types to the build process
27115 =item Adding new elements to the install process
27119 =item EXAMPLES ON CPAN
27123 =item SVN-Notify-Mirror
27125 1. Using C<auto_features>, I check to see whether two optional modules are
27126 available - SVN::Notify::Config and Net::SSH;, 2. If the S::N::Config
27127 module is loaded, I automatically generate testfiles for it during Build
27128 (using the C<PL_files> property), 3. If the C<ssh_feature> is available, I
27129 ask if the user wishes to perform the ssh tests (since it requires a little
27130 preliminary setup);, 4. Only if the user has C<ssh_feature> and answers yes
27131 to the testing, do I generate a test file
27133 =item Modifying an action
27145 =head2 Module::Build::ModuleInfo, ModuleInfo - Gather package and POD
27146 information from a perl module files
27152 new_from_file($filename, collect_pod => 1), new_from_module($module,
27153 collect_pod => 1, inc => \@dirs), name(), version($package), filename(),
27154 packages_inside(), pod_inside(), contains_pod(), pod($section),
27155 find_module_by_name($module, \@dirs), find_module_dir_by_name($module,
27166 =head2 Module::Build::Notes, $notes_name - Configuration for $module_name
27176 config(\$name), feature(\$name), set_config(\$name, \$value),
27177 set_feature(\$name, \$value), config_names(), feature_names(),
27178 auto_feature_names(), write()
27184 =head2 Module::Build::PPMMaker - Perl Package Manager file creation
27200 =head2 Module::Build::Platform::Amiga - Builder class for Amiga platforms
27212 =head2 Module::Build::Platform::Default - Stub class for unknown platforms
27224 =head2 Module::Build::Platform::EBCDIC - Builder class for EBCDIC platforms
27236 =head2 Module::Build::Platform::MPEiX - Builder class for MPEiX platforms
27248 =head2 Module::Build::Platform::MacOS - Builder class for MacOS platforms
27256 =item Overriden Methods
27258 new(), make_executable(), dispatch(), ACTION_realclean()
27268 =head2 Module::Build::Platform::RiscOS - Builder class for RiscOS platforms
27280 =head2 Module::Build::Platform::Unix - Builder class for Unix platforms
27292 =head2 Module::Build::Platform::VMS - Builder class for VMS platforms
27300 =item Overridden Methods
27334 find_perl_interpreter
27344 =head2 Module::Build::Platform::VOS - Builder class for VOS platforms
27356 =head2 Module::Build::Platform::Windows - Builder class for Windows
27369 =head2 Module::Build::Platform::aix - Builder class for AIX platform
27381 =head2 Module::Build::Platform::cygwin - Builder class for Cygwin platform
27393 =head2 Module::Build::Platform::darwin - Builder class for Mac OS X
27406 =head2 Module::Build::Platform::os2 - Builder class for OS/2 platform
27418 =head2 Module::Build::YAML - Provides just enough YAML support so that
27419 Module::Build works even if YAML.pm is not installed
27433 =head2 Module::CoreList - what modules shipped with versions of perl
27453 =head2 Module::Load - runtime require of both modules and files
27465 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
27475 =head2 Module::Load::Conditional - Looking up module information / loading
27486 =item $href = check_install( module => NAME [, version => VERSION, verbose
27489 module, version, verbose, file, version, uptodate
27495 =item $bool = can_load( modules => { NAME => VERSION [,NAME => VERSION] },
27496 [verbose => BOOL, nocache => BOOL] )
27498 modules, verbose, nocache
27504 =item @list = requires( MODULE );
27510 =item Global Variables
27514 =item $Module::Load::Conditional::VERBOSE
27516 =item $Module::Load::Conditional::FIND_VERSION
27518 =item $Module::Load::Conditional::CHECK_INC_HASH
27520 =item $Module::Load::Conditional::CACHE
27522 =item $Module::Load::Conditional::ERROR
27536 =head2 Module::Loaded - mark modules as loaded or unloaded
27548 =item $bool = mark_as_loaded( PACKAGE );
27556 =item $bool = mark_as_unloaded( PACKAGE );
27562 =item $loc = is_loaded( PACKAGE );
27574 =head2 Module::Pluggable - automatically give your module the ability to
27585 =item ADVANCED USAGE
27587 =item INNER PACKAGES
27635 =head2 Module::Pluggable::Object - automatically give your module the
27636 ability to have plugins
27654 =head2 NDBM_File - Tied access to ndbm files
27662 C<O_RDONLY>, C<O_WRONLY>, C<O_RDWR>
27668 =item C<ndbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...>
27672 =item BUGS AND WARNINGS
27676 =head2 NEXT - Provide a pseudo-class NEXT (et al) that allows method
27687 =item Enforcing redispatch
27689 =item Avoiding repetitions
27691 =item Invoking all versions of a method with a single call
27693 =item Using C<EVERY> methods
27699 =item BUGS AND IRRITATIONS
27705 =head2 Net::Cmd - Network Command class (as used by FTP, SMTP etc)
27715 debug ( VALUE ), message (), code (), ok (), status (), datasend ( DATA ),
27718 =item CLASS METHODS
27720 debug_print ( DIR, TEXT ), debug_text ( TEXT ), command ( CMD [, ARGS, ...
27721 ]), unsupported (), response (), parse_response ( TEXT ), getline (),
27722 ungetline ( TEXT ), rawdatasend ( DATA ), read_until_dot (), tied_fh ()
27732 =head2 Net::Config - Local configuration data for libnet
27742 requires_firewall HOST
27744 =item NetConfig VALUES
27746 nntp_hosts, snpp_hosts, pop3_hosts, smtp_hosts, ph_hosts, daytime_hosts,
27747 time_hosts, inet_domain, ftp_firewall, ftp_firewall_type, ftp_ext_passive,
27748 ftp_int_passive, local_netmask, test_hosts, test_exists
27752 =head2 Net::Domain - Attempt to evaluate the current host's internet name
27761 hostfqdn (), domainname (), hostname (), hostdomain ()
27769 =head2 Net::FTP - FTP Client class
27781 new ([ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ])
27785 login ([LOGIN [,PASSWORD [, ACCOUNT] ] ]), authorize ( [AUTH [, RESP]]),
27786 site (ARGS), ascii, binary, rename ( OLDNAME, NEWNAME ), delete ( FILENAME
27787 ), cwd ( [ DIR ] ), cdup (), pwd (), restart ( WHERE ), rmdir ( DIR [,
27788 RECURSE ]), mkdir ( DIR [, RECURSE ]), alloc ( SIZE [, RECORD_SIZE] ), ls (
27789 [ DIR ] ), dir ( [ DIR ] ), get ( REMOTE_FILE [, LOCAL_FILE [, WHERE]] ),
27790 put ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] ), put_unique ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE
27791 ] ), append ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] ), unique_name (), mdtm ( FILE ),
27792 size ( FILE ), supported ( CMD ), hash ( [FILEHANDLE_GLOB_REF],[
27793 BYTES_PER_HASH_MARK] ), feature ( NAME ), nlst ( [ DIR ] ), list ( [ DIR ]
27794 ), retr ( FILE ), stor ( FILE ), stou ( FILE ), appe ( FILE ), port ( [
27795 PORT ] ), pasv (), pasv_xfer ( SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER [, DEST_FILE ] ),
27796 pasv_xfer_unique ( SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER [, DEST_FILE ] ), pasv_wait (
27797 NON_PASV_SERVER ), abort (), quit ()
27801 =item Methods for the adventurous
27807 =item THE dataconn CLASS
27809 read ( BUFFER, SIZE [, TIMEOUT ] ), write ( BUFFER, SIZE [, TIMEOUT ] ),
27810 bytes_read (), abort (), close ()
27812 =item UNIMPLEMENTED
27814 B<SMNT>, B<HELP>, B<MODE>, B<SYST>, B<STAT>, B<STRU>, B<REIN>
27816 =item REPORTING BUGS
27824 http://www.csh.rit.edu/~adam/Progs/
27832 =head2 Net::NNTP - NNTP Client class
27842 new ( [ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ])
27846 article ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), body ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), head (
27847 [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), articlefh ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), bodyfh ( [
27848 MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), headfh ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), nntpstat ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ]
27849 ), group ( [ GROUP ] ), ihave ( MSGID [, MESSAGE ]), last (), date (),
27850 postok (), authinfo ( USER, PASS ), list (), newgroups ( SINCE [,
27851 DISTRIBUTIONS ]), newnews ( SINCE [, GROUPS [, DISTRIBUTIONS ]]), next (),
27852 post ( [ MESSAGE ] ), postfh (), slave (), quit ()
27856 =item Extension methods
27858 newsgroups ( [ PATTERN ] ), distributions (), subscriptions (),
27859 overview_fmt (), active_times (), active ( [ PATTERN ] ), xgtitle ( PATTERN
27860 ), xhdr ( HEADER, MESSAGE-SPEC ), xover ( MESSAGE-SPEC ), xpath (
27861 MESSAGE-ID ), xpat ( HEADER, PATTERN, MESSAGE-SPEC), xrover, listgroup ( [
27870 MESSAGE-SPEC, PATTERN, Examples, C<[^]-]>, C<*bdc>, C<[0-9a-zA-Z]>, C<a??d>
27880 =head2 Net::POP3 - Post Office Protocol 3 Client class (RFC1939)
27890 new ( [ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ] 0
27894 auth ( USERNAME, PASSWORD ), user ( USER ), pass ( PASS ), login ( [ USER
27895 [, PASS ]] ), apop ( [ USER [, PASS ]] ), banner (), capa (), capabilities
27896 (), top ( MSGNUM [, NUMLINES ] ), list ( [ MSGNUM ] ), get ( MSGNUM [, FH ]
27897 ), getfh ( MSGNUM ), last (), popstat (), ping ( USER ), uidl ( [ MSGNUM ]
27898 ), delete ( MSGNUM ), reset (), quit ()
27910 =head2 Net::Ping - check a remote host for reachability
27922 Net::Ping->new([$proto [, $def_timeout [, $bytes [, $device [, $tos
27923 ]]]]]);, $p->ping($host [, $timeout]);, $p->source_verify( { 0 | 1 } );,
27924 $p->service_check( { 0 | 1 } );, $p->tcp_service_check( { 0 | 1 } );,
27925 $p->hires( { 0 | 1 } );, $p->bind($local_addr);, $p->open($host);, $p->ack(
27926 [ $host ] );, $p->nack( $failed_ack_host );, $p->close();,
27927 $p->port_number([$port_number]), pingecho($host [, $timeout]);
27943 =head2 Net::SMTP - Simple Mail Transfer Protocol Client
27955 new ( [ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ] )
27959 banner (), domain (), hello ( DOMAIN ), host (), etrn ( DOMAIN ), auth (
27960 USERNAME, PASSWORD ), mail ( ADDRESS [, OPTIONS] ), send ( ADDRESS ),
27961 send_or_mail ( ADDRESS ), send_and_mail ( ADDRESS ), reset (), recipient (
27962 ADDRESS [, ADDRESS, [...]] [, OPTIONS ] ), to ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]]
27963 ), cc ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), bcc ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ),
27964 data ( [ DATA ] ), expand ( ADDRESS ), verify ( ADDRESS ), help ( [
27965 $subject ] ), quit ()
27977 =head2 Net::Time - time and daytime network client interface
27985 inet_time ( [HOST [, PROTOCOL [, TIMEOUT]]]), inet_daytime ( [HOST [,
27986 PROTOCOL [, TIMEOUT]]])
27994 =head2 Net::hostent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gethost*()
28011 =head2 Net::libnetFAQ, libnetFAQ - libnet Frequently Asked Questions
28019 =item Where to get this document
28021 =item How to contribute to this document
28025 =item Author and Copyright Information
28033 =item Obtaining and installing libnet
28037 =item What is libnet ?
28039 =item Which version of perl do I need ?
28041 =item What other modules do I need ?
28043 =item What machines support libnet ?
28045 =item Where can I get the latest libnet release
28049 =item Using Net::FTP
28053 =item How do I download files from an FTP server ?
28055 =item How do I transfer files in binary mode ?
28057 =item How can I get the size of a file on a remote FTP server ?
28059 =item How can I get the modification time of a file on a remote FTP server
28062 =item How can I change the permissions of a file on a remote server ?
28064 =item Can I do a reget operation like the ftp command ?
28066 =item How do I get a directory listing from an FTP server ?
28068 =item Changing directory to "" does not fail ?
28070 =item I am behind a SOCKS firewall, but the Firewall option does not work ?
28072 =item I am behind an FTP proxy firewall, but cannot access machines outside
28075 =item My ftp proxy firewall does not listen on port 21
28077 =item Is it possible to change the file permissions of a file on an FTP
28080 =item I have seen scripts call a method message, but cannot find it
28083 =item Why does Net::FTP not implement mput and mget methods
28087 =item Using Net::SMTP
28091 =item Why can't the part of an Email address after the @ be used as the
28094 =item Why does Net::SMTP not do DNS MX lookups ?
28096 =item The verify method always returns true ?
28100 =item Debugging scripts
28104 =item How can I debug my scripts that use Net::* modules ?
28108 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
28112 =head2 Net::netent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getnet*()
28129 =head2 Net::protoent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getproto*()
28144 =head2 Net::servent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getserv*()
28161 =head2 Netrc, Net::Netrc - OO interface to users netrc file
28169 =item THE .netrc FILE
28171 machine name, default, login name, password string, account string, macdef
28176 lookup ( MACHINE [, LOGIN ])
28180 login (), password (), account (), lpa ()
28190 =head2 O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends
28200 =item IMPLEMENTATION
28208 =head2 ODBM_File - Tied access to odbm files
28216 C<O_RDONLY>, C<O_WRONLY>, C<O_RDWR>
28222 =item C<odbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...>
28226 =item BUGS AND WARNINGS
28230 =head2 Object::Accessor
28242 =item $object = Object::Accessor->new( [ARGS] );
28250 =item $bool = $object->mk_accessors( @ACCESSORS | \%ACCESSOR_MAP );
28256 =item @list = $self->ls_accessors;
28262 =item $ref = $self->ls_allow(KEY)
28268 =item $clone = $self->mk_clone;
28274 =item $bool = $self->mk_flush;
28280 =item $bool = $self->mk_verify;
28286 =item $bool = $self->register_callback( sub { ... } );
28292 =item $bool = $self->can( METHOD_NAME )
28298 =item $val = $self->___get( METHOD_NAME );
28304 =item $bool = $self->___set( METHOD_NAME => VALUE );
28310 =item LVALUE ACCESSORS
28316 Allow handlers, Callbacks
28324 =item GLOBAL VARIABLES
28328 =item $Object::Accessor::FATAL
28330 =item $Object::Accessor::DEBUG
28338 =item Create read-only accessors
28350 =head2 Opcode - Disable named opcodes when compiling perl code
28362 =item Operator Names and Operator Lists
28364 an operator name (opname), an operator tag name (optag), a negated opname
28365 or optag, an operator set (opset)
28367 =item Opcode Functions
28369 opcodes, opset (OP, ...), opset_to_ops (OPSET), opset_to_hex (OPSET),
28370 full_opset, empty_opset, invert_opset (OPSET), verify_opset (OPSET, ...),
28371 define_optag (OPTAG, OPSET), opmask_add (OPSET), opmask, opdesc (OP, ...),
28374 =item Manipulating Opsets
28376 =item TO DO (maybe)
28382 =item Predefined Opcode Tags
28384 :base_core, :base_mem, :base_loop, :base_io, :base_orig, :base_math,
28385 :base_thread, :default, :filesys_read, :sys_db, :browse, :filesys_open,
28386 :filesys_write, :subprocess, :ownprocess, :others, :load,
28387 :still_to_be_decided, :dangerous
28395 =head2 Opcode::Safe, Safe - Compile and execute code in restricted
28404 a new namespace, an operator mask
28410 =item RECENT CHANGES
28412 =item Methods in class Safe
28414 permit (OP, ...), permit_only (OP, ...), deny (OP, ...), deny_only (OP,
28415 ...), trap (OP, ...), untrap (OP, ...), share (NAME, ...), share_from
28416 (PACKAGE, ARRAYREF), varglob (VARNAME), reval (STRING), rdo (FILENAME),
28417 root (NAMESPACE), mask (MASK)
28419 =item Some Safety Issues
28421 Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes
28429 =head2 Opcode::ops, ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when
28442 =head2 POSIX - Perl interface to IEEE Std 1003.1
28456 _exit, abort, abs, access, acos, alarm, asctime, asin, assert, atan, atan2,
28457 atexit, atof, atoi, atol, bsearch, calloc, ceil, chdir, chmod, chown,
28458 clearerr, clock, close, closedir, cos, cosh, creat, ctermid, ctime,
28459 cuserid, difftime, div, dup, dup2, errno, execl, execle, execlp, execv,
28460 execve, execvp, exit, exp, fabs, fclose, fcntl, fdopen, feof, ferror,
28461 fflush, fgetc, fgetpos, fgets, fileno, floor, fmod, fopen, fork, fpathconf,
28462 fprintf, fputc, fputs, fread, free, freopen, frexp, fscanf, fseek, fsetpos,
28463 fstat, fsync, ftell, fwrite, getc, getchar, getcwd, getegid, getenv,
28464 geteuid, getgid, getgrgid, getgrnam, getgroups, getlogin, getpgrp, getpid,
28465 getppid, getpwnam, getpwuid, gets, getuid, gmtime, isalnum, isalpha,
28466 isatty, iscntrl, isdigit, isgraph, islower, isprint, ispunct, isspace,
28467 isupper, isxdigit, kill, labs, ldexp, ldiv, link, localeconv, localtime,
28468 log, log10, longjmp, lseek, malloc, mblen, mbstowcs, mbtowc, memchr,
28469 memcmp, memcpy, memmove, memset, mkdir, mkfifo, mktime, modf, nice,
28470 offsetof, open, opendir, pathconf, pause, perror, pipe, pow, printf, putc,
28471 putchar, puts, qsort, raise, rand, read, readdir, realloc, remove, rename,
28472 rewind, rewinddir, rmdir, scanf, setgid, setjmp, setlocale, setpgid,
28473 setsid, setuid, sigaction, siglongjmp, sigpending, sigprocmask, sigsetjmp,
28474 sigsuspend, sin, sinh, sleep, sprintf, sqrt, srand, sscanf, stat, strcat,
28475 strchr, strcmp, strcoll, strcpy, strcspn, strerror, strftime, strlen,
28476 strncat, strncmp, strncpy, strpbrk, strrchr, strspn, strstr, strtod,
28477 strtok, strtol, strtoul, strxfrm, sysconf, system, tan, tanh, tcdrain,
28478 tcflow, tcflush, tcgetpgrp, tcsendbreak, tcsetpgrp, time, times, tmpfile,
28479 tmpnam, tolower, toupper, ttyname, tzname, tzset, umask, uname, ungetc,
28480 unlink, utime, vfprintf, vprintf, vsprintf, wait, waitpid, wcstombs,
28487 =item POSIX::SigAction
28489 new, handler, mask, flags, safe
28493 %SIGRT, SIGRTMIN, SIGRTMAX
28495 =item POSIX::SigSet
28497 new, addset, delset, emptyset, fillset, ismember
28499 =item POSIX::Termios
28501 new, getattr, getcc, getcflag, getiflag, getispeed, getlflag, getoflag,
28502 getospeed, setattr, setcc, setcflag, setiflag, setispeed, setlflag,
28503 setoflag, setospeed, Baud rate values, Terminal interface values, c_cc
28504 field values, c_cflag field values, c_iflag field values, c_lflag field
28505 values, c_oflag field values
28509 =item PATHNAME CONSTANTS
28513 =item POSIX CONSTANTS
28517 =item SYSTEM CONFIGURATION
28571 Constants, WNOHANG, WUNTRACED, Macros, WIFEXITED, WEXITSTATUS, WIFSIGNALED,
28572 WTERMSIG, WIFSTOPPED, WSTOPSIG
28576 =head2 Package::Constants - List all constants declared in a package
28584 =item CLASS METHODS
28588 =item @const = Package::Constants->list( PACKAGE_NAME );
28596 =item GLOBAL VARIABLES
28600 =item $Package::Constants::DEBUG
28614 =head2 Params::Check - A generic input parsing/checking mechanism.
28624 default, required, strict_type, defined, no_override, store, allow
28630 =item check( \%tmpl, \%args, [$verbose] );
28632 Template, Arguments, Verbose
28640 =item allow( $test_me, \@criteria );
28642 string, regexp, subroutine, array ref
28654 =item Global Variables
28658 =item $Params::Check::VERBOSE
28660 =item $Params::Check::STRICT_TYPE
28662 =item $Params::Check::ALLOW_UNKNOWN
28664 =item $Params::Check::STRIP_LEADING_DASHES
28666 =item $Params::Check::NO_DUPLICATES
28668 =item $Params::Check::PRESERVE_CASE
28670 =item $Params::Check::ONLY_ALLOW_DEFINED
28672 =item $Params::Check::SANITY_CHECK_TEMPLATE
28674 =item $Params::Check::WARNINGS_FATAL
28676 =item $Params::Check::CALLER_DEPTH
28682 =item Acknowledgements
28688 =head2 PerlIO - On demand loader for PerlIO layers and root of PerlIO::*
28697 :unix, :stdio, :perlio, :crlf, :mmap, :utf8, :bytes, :raw, :pop, :win32
28701 =item Custom Layers
28705 =item Alternatives to raw
28707 =item Defaults and how to override them
28709 =item Querying the layers of filehandles
28719 =head2 PerlIO::encoding - encoding layer
28731 =head2 PerlIO::scalar - in-memory IO, scalar IO
28739 =item IMPLEMENTATION NOTE
28743 =head2 PerlIO::via - Helper class for PerlIO layers implemented in perl
28751 =item EXPECTED METHODS
28753 $class->PUSHED([$mode[,$fh]]), $obj->POPPED([$fh]),
28754 $obj->UTF8($bellowFlag,[$fh]), $obj->OPEN($path,$mode[,$fh]),
28755 $obj->BINMODE([,$fh]), $obj->FDOPEN($fd[,$fh]),
28756 $obj->SYSOPEN($path,$imode,$perm,[,$fh]), $obj->FILENO($fh),
28757 $obj->READ($buffer,$len,$fh), $obj->WRITE($buffer,$fh), $obj->FILL($fh),
28758 $obj->CLOSE($fh), $obj->SEEK($posn,$whence,$fh), $obj->TELL($fh),
28759 $obj->UNREAD($buffer,$fh), $obj->FLUSH($fh), $obj->SETLINEBUF($fh),
28760 $obj->CLEARERR($fh), $obj->ERROR($fh), $obj->EOF($fh)
28766 =item Example - a Hexadecimal Handle
28772 =head2 PerlIO::via::QuotedPrint - PerlIO layer for quoted-printable strings
28780 =item REQUIRED MODULES
28784 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
28790 =head2 Pod::Checker, podchecker() - check pod documents for syntax errors
28796 =item OPTIONS/ARGUMENTS
28802 B<-warnings> =E<gt> I<val>
28814 empty =headn, =over on line I<N> without closing =back, =item without
28815 previous =over, =back without previous =over, No argument for =begin, =end
28816 without =begin, Nested =begin's, =for without formatter specification,
28817 unresolved internal link I<NAME>, Unknown command "I<CMD>", Unknown
28818 interior-sequence "I<SEQ>", nested commands
28819 I<CMD>E<lt>...I<CMD>E<lt>...E<gt>...E<gt>, garbled entity I<STRING>, Entity
28820 number out of range, malformed link LE<lt>E<gt>, nonempty ZE<lt>E<gt>,
28821 empty XE<lt>E<gt>, Spurious text after =pod / =cut, Spurious character(s)
28826 multiple occurrence of link target I<name>, line containing nothing but
28827 whitespace in paragraph, file does not start with =head, previous =item has
28828 no contents, preceding non-item paragraph(s), =item type mismatch (I<one>
28829 vs. I<two>), I<N> unescaped C<E<lt>E<gt>> in paragraph, Unknown entity, No
28830 items in =over, No argument for =item, empty section in previous paragraph,
28831 Verbatim paragraph in NAME section, =headI<n> without preceding higher
28836 ignoring leading/trailing whitespace in link, (section) in '$page'
28837 deprecated, alternative text/node '%s' contains non-escaped | or /
28849 C<Pod::Checker-E<gt>new( %options )>
28851 C<$checker-E<gt>poderror( @args )>, C<$checker-E<gt>poderror( {%opts},
28854 C<$checker-E<gt>num_errors()>
28856 C<$checker-E<gt>num_warnings()>
28858 C<$checker-E<gt>name()>
28860 C<$checker-E<gt>node()>
28862 C<$checker-E<gt>idx()>
28864 C<$checker-E<gt>hyperlink()>
28872 =head2 Pod::Escapes -- for resolving Pod EE<lt>...E<gt> sequences
28882 e2char($e_content), e2charnum($e_content), $Name2character{I<name>},
28883 $Name2character_number{I<name>}, $Latin1Code_to_fallback{I<integer>},
28884 $Latin1Char_to_fallback{I<character>}, $Code2USASCII{I<integer>}
28890 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
28896 =head2 Pod::Find - find POD documents in directory trees
28908 =item C<pod_find( { %opts } , @directories )>
28910 C<-verbose =E<gt> 1>, C<-perl =E<gt> 1>, C<-script =E<gt> 1>, C<-inc =E<gt>
28917 =item C<simplify_name( $str )>
28923 =item C<pod_where( { %opts }, $pod )>
28925 C<-inc =E<gt> 1>, C<-dirs =E<gt> [ $dir1, $dir2, ... ]>, C<-verbose =E<gt>
28932 =item C<contains_pod( $file , $verbose )>
28944 =head2 Pod::Html - module to convert pod files to HTML
28958 backlink, cachedir, css, flush, header, help, hiddendirs, htmldir,
28959 htmlroot, index, infile, libpods, netscape, outfile, podpath, podroot,
28960 quiet, recurse, title, verbose
28978 =head2 Pod::InputObjects - objects representing POD input paragraphs,
28991 package B<Pod::InputSource>, package B<Pod::Paragraph>, package
28992 B<Pod::InteriorSequence>, package B<Pod::ParseTree>
28998 =item B<Pod::InputSource>
29022 =item B<was_cutting()>
29028 =item B<Pod::Paragraph>
29034 =item Pod::Paragraph-E<gt>B<new()>
29040 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<cmd_name()>
29046 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<text()>
29052 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<raw_text()>
29058 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<cmd_prefix()>
29064 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<cmd_separator()>
29070 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<parse_tree()>
29076 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<file_line()>
29082 =item B<Pod::InteriorSequence>
29088 =item Pod::InteriorSequence-E<gt>B<new()>
29094 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<cmd_name()>
29100 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<prepend()>
29106 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<append()>
29112 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<nested()>
29118 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<raw_text()>
29124 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<left_delimiter()>
29130 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<right_delimiter()>
29136 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<parse_tree()>
29142 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<file_line()>
29148 =item Pod::InteriorSequence::B<DESTROY()>
29154 =item B<Pod::ParseTree>
29160 =item Pod::ParseTree-E<gt>B<new()>
29166 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<top()>
29172 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<children()>
29178 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<prepend()>
29184 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<append()>
29190 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<raw_text()>
29196 =item Pod::ParseTree::B<DESTROY()>
29208 =head2 Pod::LaTeX - Convert Pod data to formatted Latex
29220 =item OBJECT METHODS
29228 =item Data Accessors
29244 B<ReplaceNAMEwithSection>
29246 B<StartWithNewPage>
29260 =item Subclassed methods
29274 B<interior_sequence>
29290 =item Methods for headings
29298 =item Internal methods
29304 B<_replace_special_chars>
29306 B<_replace_special_chars_late>
29312 B<_clean_latex_commands>
29314 B<_split_delimited>
29330 =head2 Pod::Man - Convert POD data to formatted *roff input
29338 center, date, fixed, fixedbold, fixeditalic, fixedbolditalic, name, quotes,
29343 roff font should be 1 or 2 chars, not "%s", Invalid quote specification
29352 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
29358 =head2 Pod::ParseLink - Parse an LE<lt>E<gt> formatting code in POD text
29370 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
29374 =head2 Pod::ParseUtils - helpers for POD parsing and conversion
29388 Pod::List-E<gt>new()
29396 $list-E<gt>indent()
29404 $list-E<gt>parent()
29410 =item Pod::Hyperlink
29412 Pod::Hyperlink-E<gt>new()
29416 $link-E<gt>parse($string)
29418 $link-E<gt>markup($string)
29422 $link-E<gt>warning()
29424 $link-E<gt>file(), $link-E<gt>line()
29430 $link-E<gt>alttext()
29440 Pod::Cache-E<gt>new()
29446 $cache-E<gt>find_page($name)
29450 =item Pod::Cache::Item
29452 Pod::Cache::Item-E<gt>new()
29456 $cacheitem-E<gt>page()
29458 $cacheitem-E<gt>description()
29460 $cacheitem-E<gt>path()
29462 $cacheitem-E<gt>file()
29464 $cacheitem-E<gt>nodes()
29466 $cacheitem-E<gt>find_node($name)
29468 $cacheitem-E<gt>idx()
29478 =head2 Pod::Parser - base class for creating POD filters and translators
29490 =item QUICK OVERVIEW
29492 =item PARSING OPTIONS
29494 B<-want_nonPODs> (default: unset), B<-process_cut_cmd> (default: unset),
29495 B<-warnings> (default: unset)
29501 =item RECOMMENDED SUBROUTINE/METHOD OVERRIDES
29509 C<$cmd>, C<$text>, C<$line_num>, C<$pod_para>
29515 =item B<verbatim()>
29517 C<$text>, C<$line_num>, C<$pod_para>
29523 =item B<textblock()>
29525 C<$text>, C<$line_num>, C<$pod_para>
29531 =item B<interior_sequence()>
29537 =item OPTIONAL SUBROUTINE/METHOD OVERRIDES
29549 =item B<initialize()>
29555 =item B<begin_pod()>
29561 =item B<begin_input()>
29567 =item B<end_input()>
29579 =item B<preprocess_line()>
29585 =item B<preprocess_paragraph()>
29591 =item METHODS FOR PARSING AND PROCESSING
29597 =item B<parse_text()>
29599 B<-expand_seq> =E<gt> I<code-ref>|I<method-name>, B<-expand_text> =E<gt>
29600 I<code-ref>|I<method-name>, B<-expand_ptree> =E<gt>
29601 I<code-ref>|I<method-name>
29607 =item B<interpolate()>
29613 =item B<parse_paragraph()>
29619 =item B<parse_from_filehandle()>
29625 =item B<parse_from_file()>
29631 =item ACCESSOR METHODS
29637 =item B<errorsub()>
29649 =item B<parseopts()>
29655 =item B<output_file()>
29661 =item B<output_handle()>
29667 =item B<input_file()>
29673 =item B<input_handle()>
29679 =item B<input_streams()>
29685 =item B<top_stream()>
29691 =item PRIVATE METHODS AND DATA
29697 =item B<_push_input_stream()>
29703 =item B<_pop_input_stream()>
29709 =item TREE-BASED PARSING
29719 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToChecker - let Perldoc check Pod for errors
29729 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
29735 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToMan - let Perldoc render Pod as man pages
29747 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
29753 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToNroff - let Perldoc convert Pod to nroff
29765 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
29771 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToPod - let Perldoc render Pod as ... Pod!
29781 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
29787 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToRtf - let Perldoc render Pod as RTF
29797 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
29803 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToText - let Perldoc render Pod as plaintext
29815 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
29821 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToTk - let Perldoc use Tk::Pod to render Pod
29835 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToXml - let Perldoc render Pod as XML
29845 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
29851 =head2 Pod::PlainText - Convert POD data to formatted ASCII text
29859 alt, indent, loose, sentence, width
29863 Bizarre space in item, Can't open %s for reading: %s, Unknown escape: %s,
29864 Unknown sequence: %s, Unmatched =back
29876 =head2 Pod::Plainer - Perl extension for converting Pod to old style Pod.
29896 =head2 Pod::Select, podselect() - extract selected sections of POD from
29909 =item SECTION SPECIFICATIONS
29911 =item RANGE SPECIFICATIONS
29917 =item OBJECT METHODS
29923 =item B<curr_headings()>
29935 =item B<add_selection()>
29941 =item B<clear_selections()>
29947 =item B<match_section()>
29953 =item B<is_selected()>
29959 =item EXPORTED FUNCTIONS
29965 =item B<podselect()>
29967 B<-output>, B<-sections>, B<-ranges>
29973 =item PRIVATE METHODS AND DATA
29979 =item B<_compile_section_spec()>
29985 =item $self->{_SECTION_HEADINGS}
29991 =item $self->{_SELECTED_SECTIONS}
30003 =head2 Pod::Simple - framework for parsing Pod
30013 C<< $parser = I<SomeClass>->new(); >>, C<< $parser->output_fh( *OUT ); >>,
30014 C<< $parser->output_string( \$somestring ); >>, C<< $parser->parse_file(
30015 I<$some_filename> ); >>, C<< $parser->parse_file( *INPUT_FH ); >>, C<<
30016 $parser->parse_string_document( I<$all_content> ); >>, C<<
30017 $parser->parse_lines( I<...@lines...>, undef ); >>, C<<
30018 $parser->content_seen >>, C<< I<SomeClass>->filter( I<$filename> ); >>, C<<
30019 I<SomeClass>->filter( I<*INPUT_FH> ); >>, C<< I<SomeClass>->filter(
30020 I<\$document_content> ); >>
30022 =item SECONDARY METHODS
30024 C<< $parser->no_whining( I<SOMEVALUE> ) >>, C<< $parser->no_errata_section(
30025 I<SOMEVALUE> ) >>, C<< $parser->complain_stderr( I<SOMEVALUE> ) >>, C<<
30026 $parser->source_filename >>, C<< $parser->doc_has_started >>, C<<
30027 $parser->source_dead >>
30033 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
30039 =head2 Pod::Simple::Checker -- check the Pod syntax of a document
30049 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
30055 =head2 Pod::Simple::Debug -- put Pod::Simple into trace/debug mode
30069 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
30075 =head2 Pod::Simple::DumpAsText -- dump Pod-parsing events as text
30085 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
30091 =head2 Pod::Simple::DumpAsXML -- turn Pod into XML
30101 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
30107 =head2 Pod::Simple::HTML - convert Pod to HTML
30115 =item CALLING FROM THE COMMAND LINE
30117 =item CALLING FROM PERL
30125 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
30131 =head2 Pod::Simple::HTMLBatch - convert several Pod files to several HTML
30142 =item FROM THE COMMAND LINE
30148 $batchconv = Pod::Simple::HTMLBatch->new;, $batchconv->batch_convert(
30149 I<indirs>, I<outdir> );, $batchconv->batch_convert( undef , ...);,
30150 $batchconv->batch_convert( q{@INC}, ...);, $batchconv->batch_convert(
30151 \@dirs , ...);, $batchconv->batch_convert( "somedir" , ...);,
30152 $batchconv->batch_convert( 'somedir:someother:also' , ...);,
30153 $batchconv->batch_convert( ... , undef );, $batchconv->batch_convert( ... ,
30158 =item ACCESSOR METHODS
30160 $batchconv->verbose( I<nonnegative_integer> );, $batchconv->index(
30161 I<true-or-false> );, $batchconv->contents_file( I<filename> );,
30162 $batchconv->contents_page_start( I<HTML_string> );,
30163 $batchconv->contents_page_end( I<HTML_string> );, $batchconv->add_css( $url
30164 );, $batchconv->add_javascript( $url );, $batchconv->css_flurry(
30165 I<true-or-false> );, $batchconv->javascript_flurry( I<true-or-false> );,
30166 $batchconv->no_contents_links( I<true-or-false> );,
30167 $batchconv->html_render_class( I<classname> );
30171 =item NOTES ON CUSTOMIZATION
30177 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
30183 =head2 Pod::Simple::LinkSection -- represent "section" attributes of L
30194 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
30200 =head2 Pod::Simple::Methody -- turn Pod::Simple events into method calls
30208 =item METHOD CALLING
30212 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
30218 =head2 Pod::Simple::PullParser -- a pull-parser interface to parsing Pod
30228 my $token = $parser->get_token, $parser->unget_token( $token ),
30229 $parser->unget_token( $token1, $token2, ... ), $parser->set_source(
30230 $filename ), $parser->set_source( $filehandle_object ),
30231 $parser->set_source( \$document_source ), $parser->set_source(
30232 \@document_lines ), $parser->parse_file(...),
30233 $parser->parse_string_document(...), $parser->filter(...),
30234 $parser->parse_from_file(...), my $title_string = $parser->get_title, my
30235 $title_string = $parser->get_short_title, $author_name =
30236 $parser->get_author, $description_name = $parser->get_description,
30237 $version_block = $parser->get_version
30243 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
30249 =head2 Pod::Simple::PullParserEndToken -- end-tokens from
30250 Pod::Simple::PullParser
30258 $token->tagname, $token->tagname(I<somestring>), $token->tag(...),
30259 $token->is_tag(I<somestring>) or $token->is_tagname(I<somestring>)
30263 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
30269 =head2 Pod::Simple::PullParserStartToken -- start-tokens from
30270 Pod::Simple::PullParser
30278 $token->tagname, $token->tagname(I<somestring>), $token->tag(...),
30279 $token->is_tag(I<somestring>) or $token->is_tagname(I<somestring>),
30280 $token->attr(I<attrname>), $token->attr(I<attrname>, I<newvalue>),
30285 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
30291 =head2 Pod::Simple::PullParserTextToken -- text-tokens from
30292 Pod::Simple::PullParser
30300 $token->text, $token->text(I<somestring>), $token->text_r()
30304 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
30310 =head2 Pod::Simple::PullParserToken -- tokens from Pod::Simple::PullParser
30318 $token->type, $token->is_start, $token->is_text, $token->is_end,
30323 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
30329 =head2 Pod::Simple::RTF -- format Pod as RTF
30337 =item FORMAT CONTROL ATTRIBUTES
30339 $parser->head1_halfpoint_size( I<halfpoint_integer> );,
30340 $parser->head2_halfpoint_size( I<halfpoint_integer> );,
30341 $parser->head3_halfpoint_size( I<halfpoint_integer> );,
30342 $parser->head4_halfpoint_size( I<halfpoint_integer> );,
30343 $parser->codeblock_halfpoint_size( I<halfpoint_integer> );,
30344 $parser->header_halfpoint_size( I<halfpoint_integer> );,
30345 $parser->normal_halfpoint_size( I<halfpoint_integer> );,
30346 $parser->no_proofing_exemptions( I<true_or_false> );, $parser->doc_lang(
30347 I<microsoft_decimal_language_code> )
30351 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
30357 =head2 Pod::Simple::Search - find POD documents in directory trees
30369 $search->inc( I<true-or-false> );, $search->verbose( I<nonnegative-number>
30370 );, $search->limit_glob( I<some-glob-string> );, $search->callback(
30371 I<\&some_routine> );, $search->laborious( I<true-or-false> );,
30372 $search->shadows( I<true-or-false> );, $search->limit_re( I<some-regxp> );,
30373 $search->dir_prefix( I<some-string-value> );, $search->progress(
30374 I<some-progress-object> );, $name2path = $self->name2path;, $path2name =
30377 =item MAIN SEARCH METHODS
30381 =item C<< $search->survey( @directories ) >>
30383 C<name2path>, C<path2name>
30385 =item C<< $search->simplify_name( $str ) >>
30387 =item C<< $search->find( $pod ) >>
30389 =item C<< $search->find( $pod, @search_dirs ) >>
30391 =item C<< $self->contains_pod( $file ) >>
30401 =head2 Pod::Simple::Subclassing -- write a formatter as a Pod::Simple
30412 C<< $parser->_handle_element_start( I<element_name>, I<attr_hashref> ) >>,
30413 C<< $parser->_handle_element_end( I<element_name> ) >>, C<<
30414 $parser->_handle_text( I<text_string> ) >>, events with an element_name
30415 of Document, events with an element_name of Para, events with an
30416 element_name of B, C, F, or I, events with an element_name of S, events
30417 with an element_name of X, events with an element_name of L, events with an
30418 element_name of E or Z, events with an element_name of Verbatim, events
30419 with an element_name of head1 .. head4, events with an element_name of
30420 over-bullet, events with an element_name of over-number, events with an
30421 element_name of over-text, events with an element_name of over-block,
30422 events with an element_name of item-bullet, events with an element_name of
30423 item-number, events with an element_name of item-text, events with an
30424 element_name of for, events with an element_name of Data
30426 =item More Pod::Simple Methods
30428 C<< $parser->accept_targets( I<SOMEVALUE> ) >>, C<<
30429 $parser->accept_targets_as_text( I<SOMEVALUE> ) >>, C<<
30430 $parser->accept_codes( I<Codename>, I<Codename>... ) >>, C<<
30431 $parser->accept_directive_as_data( I<directive_name> ) >>, C<<
30432 $parser->accept_directive_as_verbatim( I<directive_name> ) >>, C<<
30433 $parser->accept_directive_as_processed( I<directive_name> ) >>, C<<
30434 $parser->nbsp_for_S( I<BOOLEAN> ); >>, C<< $parser->version_report() >>,
30435 C<< $parser->pod_para_count() >>, C<< $parser->line_count() >>, C<<
30436 $parser->nix_X_codes( I<SOMEVALUE> ) >>, C<< $parser->merge_text(
30437 I<SOMEVALUE> ) >>, C<< $parser->code_handler( I<CODE_REF> ) >>, C<<
30438 $parser->cut_handler( I<CODE_REF> ) >>, C<< $parser->whine(
30439 I<linenumber>, I<complaint string> ) >>, C<< $parser->scream(
30440 I<linenumber>, I<complaint string> ) >>, C<< $parser->source_dead(1) >>,
30441 C<< $parser->hide_line_numbers( I<SOMEVALUE> ) >>, C<< $parser->no_whining(
30442 I<SOMEVALUE> ) >>, C<< $parser->no_errata_section( I<SOMEVALUE> ) >>, C<<
30443 $parser->complain_stderr( I<SOMEVALUE> ) >>, C<< $parser->bare_output(
30444 I<SOMEVALUE> ) >>, C<< $parser->preserve_whitespace( I<SOMEVALUE> ) >>
30448 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
30454 =head2 Pod::Simple::Text -- format Pod as plaintext
30464 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
30470 =head2 Pod::Simple::TextContent -- get the text content of Pod
30480 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
30486 =head2 Pod::Simple::XMLOutStream -- turn Pod into XML
30496 =item ABOUT EXTENDING POD
30500 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
30506 =head2 Pod::SimpleTree, Pod::Simple::SimpleTree -- parse Pod into a simple
30517 =item Tree Contents
30521 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
30527 =head2 Pod::Text - Convert POD data to formatted ASCII text
30535 alt, code, indent, loose, margin, quotes, sentence, width
30539 Bizarre space in item, Item called without tag, Can't open %s for reading:
30540 %s, Invalid quote specification "%s"
30548 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
30552 =head2 Pod::Text::Color - Convert POD data to formatted color ASCII text
30566 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
30570 =head2 Pod::Text::Overstrike - Convert POD data to formatted overstrike
30585 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
30589 =head2 Pod::Text::Termcap - Convert POD data to ASCII text with format
30604 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
30608 =head2 Pod::Usage, pod2usage() - print a usage message from embedded pod
30617 C<-message>, C<-msg>, C<-exitval>, C<-verbose>, C<-sections>, C<-output>,
30618 C<-input>, C<-pathlist>, C<-noperldoc>
30626 =item Recommended Use
30634 =item ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
30638 =head2 SDBM_File - Tied access to sdbm files
30646 C<O_RDONLY>, C<O_WRONLY>, C<O_RDWR>
30652 =item C<sdbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...>
30656 =item BUGS AND WARNINGS
30660 =head2 Safe - Compile and execute code in restricted compartments
30668 a new namespace, an operator mask
30674 =item RECENT CHANGES
30676 =item Methods in class Safe
30678 permit (OP, ...), permit_only (OP, ...), deny (OP, ...), deny_only (OP,
30679 ...), trap (OP, ...), untrap (OP, ...), share (NAME, ...), share_from
30680 (PACKAGE, ARRAYREF), varglob (VARNAME), reval (STRING), rdo (FILENAME),
30681 root (NAMESPACE), mask (MASK)
30683 =item Some Safety Issues
30685 Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes
30693 =head2 Scalar::Util - A selection of general-utility scalar subroutines
30701 blessed EXPR, dualvar NUM, STRING, isvstring EXPR, isweak EXPR,
30702 looks_like_number EXPR, openhandle FH, refaddr EXPR, reftype EXPR,
30703 set_prototype CODEREF, PROTOTYPE, tainted EXPR, weaken REF
30715 =head2 Search::Dict, look - search for key in dictionary file
30725 =head2 SelectSaver - save and restore selected file handle
30735 =head2 SelfLoader - load functions only on demand
30745 =item The __DATA__ token
30747 =item SelfLoader autoloading
30749 =item Autoloading and package lexicals
30751 =item SelfLoader and AutoLoader
30753 =item __DATA__, __END__, and the FOOBAR::DATA filehandle.
30755 =item Classes and inherited methods.
30759 =item Multiple packages and fully qualified subroutine names
30765 =head2 Shell - run shell commands transparently within perl
30777 =item Escaping Magic Characters
30779 =item Configuration
30789 =head2 Socket, sockaddr_in, sockaddr_un, inet_aton, inet_ntoa - load the C
30790 socket.h defines and structure manipulators
30798 inet_aton HOSTNAME, inet_ntoa IP_ADDRESS, INADDR_ANY, INADDR_BROADCAST,
30799 INADDR_LOOPBACK, INADDR_NONE, sockaddr_family SOCKADDR, sockaddr_in PORT,
30800 ADDRESS, sockaddr_in SOCKADDR_IN, pack_sockaddr_in PORT, IP_ADDRESS,
30801 unpack_sockaddr_in SOCKADDR_IN, sockaddr_un PATHNAME, sockaddr_un
30802 SOCKADDR_UN, pack_sockaddr_un PATH, unpack_sockaddr_un SOCKADDR_UN
30806 =head2 Storable - persistence for Perl data structures
30816 =item ADVISORY LOCKING
30820 =item CANONICAL REPRESENTATION
30822 =item CODE REFERENCES
30824 =item FORWARD COMPATIBILITY
30826 utf8 data, restricted hashes, files from future versions of Storable
30828 =item ERROR REPORTING
30836 C<STORABLE_freeze> I<obj>, I<cloning>, C<STORABLE_thaw> I<obj>, I<cloning>,
30837 I<serialized>, .., C<STORABLE_attach> I<class>, I<cloning>, I<serialized>
30841 C<Storable::last_op_in_netorder>, C<Storable::is_storing>,
30842 C<Storable::is_retrieving>
30850 =item Storable magic
30852 $info = Storable::file_magic( $filename ), C<version>, C<version_nv>,
30853 C<major>, C<minor>, C<hdrsize>, C<netorder>, C<byteorder>, C<intsize>,
30854 C<longsize>, C<ptrsize>, C<nvsize>, C<file>, $info = Storable::read_magic(
30855 $buffer ), $info = Storable::read_magic( $buffer, $must_be_file )
30865 =item 64 bit data in perl 5.6.0 and 5.6.1
30877 =head2 Switch - A switch statement for Perl
30891 =item Allowing fall-through
30893 =item Automating fall-through
30895 =item Alternative syntax
30897 =item Higher-order Operations
30913 =head2 Symbol - manipulate Perl symbols and their names
30925 =head2 Sys::Hostname - Try every conceivable way to get hostname
30937 =head2 Syslog, Sys::Syslog - Perl interface to the UNIX syslog(3) calls
30951 B<openlog($ident, $logopt, $facility)>, B<syslog($priority, $message)>,
30952 B<syslog($priority, $format, @args)>, B<Note>,
30953 B<setlogmask($mask_priority)>, B<setlogsock($sock_type)>,
30954 B<setlogsock($sock_type, $stream_location)> (added in Perl 5.004_02),
30955 B<Note>, B<closelog()>
30957 =item THE RULES OF SYS::SYSLOG
30973 C<Invalid argument passed to setlogsock>, C<eventlog passed to setlogsock,
30974 but no Win32 API available>, C<no connection to syslog available>, C<stream
30975 passed to setlogsock, but %s is not writable>, C<stream passed to
30976 setlogsock, but could not find any device>, C<tcp passed to setlogsock, but
30977 tcp service unavailable>, C<syslog: expecting argument %s>, C<syslog:
30978 invalid level/facility: %s>, C<syslog: too many levels given: %s>,
30979 C<syslog: too many facilities given: %s>, C<syslog: level must be given>,
30980 C<udp passed to setlogsock, but udp service unavailable>, C<unix passed to
30981 setlogsock, but path not available>
30997 =item AUTHORS & ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
31003 AnnoCPAN: Annotated CPAN documentation, CPAN Ratings, RT: CPAN's request
31004 tracker, Search CPAN, Kobes' CPAN Search, Perl Documentation
31012 =head2 Syslog::Syslog, Sys::Syslog - Perl interface to the UNIX syslog(3)
31027 B<openlog($ident, $logopt, $facility)>, B<syslog($priority, $message)>,
31028 B<syslog($priority, $format, @args)>, B<Note>,
31029 B<setlogmask($mask_priority)>, B<setlogsock($sock_type)>,
31030 B<setlogsock($sock_type, $stream_location)> (added in Perl 5.004_02),
31031 B<Note>, B<closelog()>
31033 =item THE RULES OF SYS::SYSLOG
31049 C<Invalid argument passed to setlogsock>, C<eventlog passed to setlogsock,
31050 but no Win32 API available>, C<no connection to syslog available>, C<stream
31051 passed to setlogsock, but %s is not writable>, C<stream passed to
31052 setlogsock, but could not find any device>, C<tcp passed to setlogsock, but
31053 tcp service unavailable>, C<syslog: expecting argument %s>, C<syslog:
31054 invalid level/facility: %s>, C<syslog: too many levels given: %s>,
31055 C<syslog: too many facilities given: %s>, C<syslog: level must be given>,
31056 C<udp passed to setlogsock, but udp service unavailable>, C<unix passed to
31057 setlogsock, but path not available>
31073 =item AUTHORS & ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
31079 AnnoCPAN: Annotated CPAN documentation, CPAN Ratings, RT: CPAN's request
31080 tracker, Search CPAN, Kobes' CPAN Search, Perl Documentation
31088 =head2 Syslog::win32::Win32, Sys::Syslog::Win32 - Win32 support for
31103 =head2 Term::ANSIColor - Color screen output using ANSI escape sequences
31113 Bad escape sequence %s, Bareword "%s" not allowed while "strict subs" in
31114 use, Invalid attribute name %s, Name "%s" used only once: possible typo, No
31115 comma allowed after filehandle, No name for escape sequence %s
31119 ANSI_COLORS_DISABLED
31129 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
31133 =head2 Term::Cap - Perl termcap interface
31149 B<Tgetent>, OSPEED, TERM
31151 B<Tpad>, B<$string>, B<$cnt>, B<$FH>
31153 B<Tputs>, B<$cap>, B<$cnt>, B<$FH>
31155 B<Tgoto>, B<$cap>, B<$col>, B<$row>, B<$FH>
31163 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
31171 =head2 Term::Complete - Perl word completion module
31179 E<lt>tabE<gt>, ^D, ^U, E<lt>delE<gt>, E<lt>bsE<gt>
31189 =head2 Term::ReadLine - Perl interface to various C<readline> packages.
31190 If no real package is found, substitutes stubs instead of basic functions.
31198 =item Minimal set of supported functions
31200 C<ReadLine>, C<new>, C<readline>, C<addhistory>, C<IN>, C<OUT>, C<MinLine>,
31201 C<findConsole>, Attribs, C<Features>
31203 =item Additional supported functions
31205 C<tkRunning>, C<ornaments>, C<newTTY>
31215 =head2 Term::UI - Term::ReadLine UI made easy
31229 =item $reply = $term->get_reply( prompt => 'question?', [choices => \@list,
31230 default => $list[0], multi => BOOL, print_me => "extra text to print &
31231 record", allow => $ref] );
31239 =item $bool = $term->ask_yn( prompt => "your question", [default =>
31240 (y|1,n|0), print_me => "extra text to print & record"] )
31246 =item ($opts, $munged) = $term->parse_options( STRING );
31252 =item $str = $term->history_as_string
31258 =item GLOBAL VARIABLES
31262 =item $Term::UI::VERBOSE
31264 =item $Term::UI::AUTOREPLY
31266 =item $Term::UI::INVALID
31268 =item $Term::UI::History::HISTORY_FH
31276 =item Basic get_reply sample
31278 =item get_reply with choices
31280 =item get_reply with choices and default
31282 =item get_reply using print_me & multi
31284 =item get_reply & allow
31286 =item an elaborate ask_yn sample
31300 =head2 Term::UI::History
31312 =item history("message string" [,VERBOSE])
31320 =item GLOBAL VARIABLES
31332 =head2 Test - provides a simple framework for writing test scripts
31340 =item QUICK START GUIDE
31346 C<plan(...)>, C<tests =E<gt> I<number>>, C<todo =E<gt> [I<1,5,14>]>,
31347 C<onfail =E<gt> sub { ... }>, C<onfail =E<gt> \&some_sub>
31357 C<skip(I<skip_if_true>, I<args...>)>
31363 NORMAL TESTS, SKIPPED TESTS, TODO TESTS
31367 =item BUGS and CAVEATS
31379 =head2 Test::Builder - Backend for building test libraries
31403 =item Setting up tests
31421 =item Running tests
31427 B<is_eq>, B<is_num>
31429 B<isnt_eq>, B<isnt_num>
31437 =item Other Testing Methods
31451 =item Test building utility methods
31471 B<no_diag>, B<no_ending>, B<no_header>
31485 B<output>, B<failure_output>, B<todo_output>
31491 =item Test Status and Info
31527 =head2 Test::Builder::Module - Base class for test modules
31549 =head2 Test::Builder::Tester - test testsuites that have been built with
31572 test_test, title (synonym 'name', 'label'), skip_out, skip_err
31590 =head2 Test::Builder::Tester::Color - turn on colour in
31591 Test::Builder::Tester
31611 =head2 Test::Harness - Run Perl standard test scripts with statistics
31629 =item Configuration variables.
31631 C<$Test::Harness::Verbose>, C<$Test::Harness::switches>,
31632 C<$Test::Harness::Timer>
31636 B<Failed Test>, B<Stat>, B<Wstat>, B<Total>, B<Fail>, B<List of Failed>
31644 =item runtests( @test_files )
31652 =item execute_tests( tests => \@test_files, out => \*FH )
31662 C<All tests successful.\nFiles=%d, Tests=%d, %s>, C<FAILED tests
31663 %s\n\tFailed %d/%d tests, %.2f%% okay.>, C<Test returned status %d (wstat
31664 %d)>, C<Failed 1 test, %.2f%% okay. %s>, C<Failed %d/%d tests, %.2f%% okay.
31665 %s>, C<FAILED--Further testing stopped: %s>
31667 =item ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES THAT TEST::HARNESS SETS
31669 C<HARNESS_ACTIVE>, C<HARNESS_VERSION>
31671 =item ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES THAT AFFECT TEST::HARNESS
31673 C<HARNESS_COLUMNS>, C<HARNESS_COMPILE_TEST>, C<HARNESS_DEBUG>,
31674 C<HARNESS_FILELEAK_IN_DIR>, C<HARNESS_NOTTY>, C<HARNESS_PERL>,
31675 C<HARNESS_PERL_SWITCHES>, C<HARNESS_TIMER>, C<HARNESS_VERBOSE>,
31676 C<HARNESS_STRAP_CLASS>
31688 AnnoCPAN: Annotated CPAN documentation, CPAN Ratings, RT: CPAN's request
31689 tracker, Search CPAN
31699 =head2 Test::Harness::Assert - simple assert
31725 =head2 Test::Harness::Iterator - Internal Test::Harness Iterator
31743 =head2 Test::Harness::Point - object for tracking a single test point
31761 =item from_test_line( $line )
31773 =head2 Test::Harness::Results - object for tracking results from a single
31798 =head2 Test::Harness::Straps - detailed analysis of test results
31822 =item $strap->analyze( $name, \@output_lines )
31830 =item $strap->analyze_file( $test_file )
31850 =head2 Test::Harness::TAP - Documentation for the TAP format
31858 =item THE TAP FORMAT
31860 =item HARNESS BEHAVIOR
31862 =item TESTS LINES AND THE PLAN
31868 =item The test line
31870 C<ok> or C<not ok>, Test number, Description, Directive, ok/not ok
31871 (required), Test number (recommended), Description (recommended), Directive
31872 (only when necessary)
31882 =item Skipping tests
31894 =item Anything else
31902 =item Common with explanation
31904 =item Unknown amount and failures
31908 =item Skipping a few
31910 =item Skipping everything
31912 =item Got spare tuits?
31914 =item Creative liberties
31924 Specify a test plan, Run tests, Skip tests in certain situations, Have TODO
31925 tests, Produce TAP compatible diagnostics
31933 phpt, PHPUnit, SimpleTest, Apache-Test
31939 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
31945 =head2 Test::Harness::Util - Utility functions for Test::Harness::*
31951 =item PUBLIC FUNCTIONS
31955 =item all_in( {parm => value, parm => value} )
31965 =item shuffle( @list )
31975 =head2 Test::More - yet another framework for writing test scripts
31985 =item I love it when a plan comes together
31995 =item I'm ok, you're not ok.
32027 =item Complex data structures
32043 =item Conditional tests
32049 B<TODO: BLOCK>, B<todo_skip>
32051 When do I use SKIP vs. TODO?
32063 =item Discouraged comparison functions
32075 =item Extending and Embedding Test::More
32085 =item CAVEATS and NOTES
32087 Backwards compatibility, Overloaded objects, Threads, Test::Harness upgrade
32101 =head2 Test::Simple - Basic utilities for writing tests.
32125 L<Test::More>, L<Test>, L<Test::Unit>, L<Test::Inline>, L<SelfTest>,
32134 =head2 Test::Tutorial - A tutorial about writing really basic tests
32142 =item Nuts and bolts of testing.
32144 =item Where to start?
32148 =item Test the manual
32150 =item Sometimes the tests are wrong
32152 =item Testing lots of values
32154 =item Informative names
32156 =item Skipping tests
32160 =item Testing with taint mode.
32172 =head2 Text::Abbrev, abbrev - create an abbreviation table from a list
32184 =head2 Text::Balanced - Extract delimited text sequences from strings.
32194 =item General behaviour in list contexts
32198 =item General behaviour in scalar and void contexts
32200 =item A note about prefixes
32202 =item C<extract_delimited>
32204 =item C<extract_bracketed>
32206 =item C<extract_variable>
32210 =item C<extract_tagged>
32212 C<reject =E<gt> $listref>, C<ignore =E<gt> $listref>, C<fail =E<gt> $str>,
32213 [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5]
32215 =item C<gen_extract_tagged>
32217 =item C<extract_quotelike>
32219 [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [10]
32221 =item C<extract_quotelike> and "here documents"
32223 [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7..10]
32225 =item C<extract_codeblock>
32227 =item C<extract_multiple>
32229 =item C<gen_delimited_pat>
32231 =item C<delimited_pat>
32237 C<Did not find a suitable bracket: "%s">, C<Did not find prefix: /%s/>,
32238 C<Did not find opening bracket after prefix: "%s">, C<No quotelike
32239 operator found after prefix: "%s">, C<Unmatched closing bracket: "%c">,
32240 C<Unmatched opening bracket(s): "%s">, C<Unmatched embedded quote (%s)>,
32241 C<Did not find closing delimiter to match '%s'>, C<Mismatched closing
32242 bracket: expected "%c" but found "%s">, C<No block delimiter found after
32243 quotelike "%s">, C<Did not find leading dereferencer>, C<Bad identifier
32244 after dereferencer>, C<Did not find expected opening bracket at %s>,
32245 C<Improperly nested codeblock at %s>, C<Missing second block for quotelike
32246 "%s">, C<No match found for opening bracket>, C<Did not find opening tag:
32247 /%s/>, C<Unable to construct closing tag to match: /%s/>, C<Found invalid
32248 nested tag: %s>, C<Found unbalanced nested tag: %s>, C<Did not find closing
32253 =item BUGS AND IRRITATIONS
32259 =head2 Text::ParseWords - parse text into an array of tokens or array of
32274 =head2 Text::Soundex - Implementation of the soundex algorithm.
32292 =head2 Text::Tabs -- expand and unexpand tabs per the unix expand(1) and
32307 =head2 Text::Wrap - line wrapping to form simple paragraphs
32323 =head2 Thread - Manipulate threads in Perl (for old code only)
32337 $thread = Thread->new(\&start_sub), $thread = Thread->new(\&start_sub,
32338 LIST), lock VARIABLE, async BLOCK;, Thread->self, Thread->list, cond_wait
32339 VARIABLE, cond_signal VARIABLE, cond_broadcast VARIABLE, yield
32343 join, detach, equal, tid, done
32347 lock(\&sub), eval, flags
32353 =head2 Thread::Queue - thread-safe queues
32361 =item FUNCTIONS AND METHODS
32363 new, enqueue LIST, dequeue, dequeue_nb, pending
32369 =head2 Thread::Semaphore - thread-safe semaphores
32377 =item FUNCTIONS AND METHODS
32379 new, new NUMBER, down, down NUMBER, up, up NUMBER
32383 =head2 Tie::Array - base class for tied arrays
32391 TIEARRAY classname, LIST, STORE this, index, value, FETCH this, index,
32392 FETCHSIZE this, STORESIZE this, count, EXTEND this, count, EXISTS this,
32393 key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, DESTROY this, PUSH this, LIST, POP this,
32394 SHIFT this, UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST
32402 =head2 Tie::File - Access the lines of a disk file via a Perl array
32422 =item Option Format
32426 =item Public Methods
32434 =item C<defer>, C<flush>, C<discard>, and C<autodefer>
32440 =item Tying to an already-opened filehandle
32442 =item Deferred Writing
32446 =item Autodeferring
32450 =item CONCURRENT ACCESS TO FILES
32456 =item WHAT ABOUT C<DB_File>?
32470 =head2 Tie::Handle - base class definitions for tied handles
32478 TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, WRITE this, scalar, length, offset, PRINT this,
32479 LIST, PRINTF this, format, LIST, READ this, scalar, length, offset,
32480 READLINE this, GETC this, CLOSE this, OPEN this, filename, BINMODE this,
32481 EOF this, TELL this, SEEK this, offset, whence, DESTROY this
32483 =item MORE INFORMATION
32485 =item COMPATIBILITY
32489 =head2 Tie::Hash, Tie::StdHash, Tie::ExtraHash - base class definitions for
32498 TIEHASH classname, LIST, STORE this, key, value, FETCH this, key, FIRSTKEY
32499 this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, EXISTS this, key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR
32502 =item Inheriting from B<Tie::StdHash>
32504 =item Inheriting from B<Tie::ExtraHash>
32506 =item C<SCALAR>, C<UNTIE> and C<DESTROY>
32508 =item MORE INFORMATION
32512 =head2 Tie::Hash::NamedCapture - Named regexp capture buffers
32524 =head2 Tie::Memoize - add data to hash when needed
32532 =item Inheriting from B<Tie::Memoize>
32542 =head2 Tie::RefHash - use references as hash keys
32552 =item THREAD SUPPORT
32554 =item STORABLE SUPPORT
32556 =item RELIC SUPPORT
32566 =head2 Tie::Scalar, Tie::StdScalar - base class definitions for tied
32575 TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, DESTROY this
32577 =item MORE INFORMATION
32581 =head2 Tie::SubstrHash - Fixed-table-size, fixed-key-length hashing
32593 =head2 Time::HiRes - High resolution alarm, sleep, gettimeofday, interval
32602 gettimeofday (), usleep ( $useconds ), nanosleep ( $nanoseconds ), ualarm (
32603 $useconds [, $interval_useconds ] ), tv_interval, time (), sleep (
32604 $floating_seconds ), alarm ( $floating_seconds [,
32605 $interval_floating_seconds ] ), setitimer ( $which, $floating_seconds [,
32606 $interval_floating_seconds ] ), getitimer ( $which ), clock_gettime (
32607 $which ), clock_getres ( $which ), clock_nanosleep ( $which, $nanoseconds,
32608 $flags = 0), clock(), stat, stat FH, stat EXPR
32618 =item useconds or interval more than ...
32620 =item negative time not invented yet
32622 =item internal error: useconds < 0 (unsigned ... signed ...)
32632 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
32636 =head2 Time::Local - efficiently compute time from local and GMT time
32648 =item C<timelocal()> and C<timegm()>
32650 =item C<timelocal_nocheck()> and C<timegm_nocheck()>
32652 =item Year Value Interpretation
32654 =item Limits of time_t
32656 =item Ambiguous Local Times (DST)
32658 =item Non-Existent Local Times (DST)
32660 =item Negative Epoch Values
32664 =item IMPLEMENTATION
32676 =head2 Time::Piece - Object Oriented time objects
32688 =item Local Locales
32690 =item Date Calculations
32692 =item Date Comparisons
32696 =item YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ss
32700 =item Global Overriding
32714 =head2 Time::Piece::Seconds, Time::Seconds - a simple API to convert
32715 seconds to other date values
32733 =head2 Time::Seconds - a simple API to convert seconds to other date values
32751 =head2 Time::gmtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gmtime()
32766 =head2 Time::localtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in localtime()
32781 =head2 Time::tm - internal object used by Time::gmtime and Time::localtime
32793 =head2 UNIVERSAL - base class for ALL classes (blessed references)
32801 C<< $obj->isa( TYPE ) >>, C<< CLASS->isa( TYPE ) >>, C<< eval { VAL->isa(
32802 TYPE ) } >>, C<TYPE>, C<$obj>, C<CLASS>, C<VAL>, C<< $obj->DOES( ROLE ) >>,
32803 C<< CLASS->DOES( ROLE ) >>, C<< $obj->can( METHOD ) >>, C<< CLASS->can(
32804 METHOD ) >>, C<< eval { VAL->can( METHOD ) } >>, C<VERSION ( [ REQUIRE ] )>
32810 =head2 Unicode::Collate - Unicode Collation Algorithm
32820 =item Constructor and Tailoring
32822 UCA_Version, alternate, backwards, entry, hangul_terminator, ignoreChar,
32823 ignoreName, katakana_before_hiragana, level, normalization, overrideCJK,
32824 overrideHangul, preprocess, rearrange, table, undefChar, undefName,
32825 upper_before_lower, variable
32827 =item Methods for Collation
32829 C<@sorted = $Collator-E<gt>sort(@not_sorted)>, C<$result =
32830 $Collator-E<gt>cmp($a, $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>eq($a, $b)>,
32831 C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>ne($a, $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>lt($a,
32832 $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>le($a, $b)>, C<$result =
32833 $Collator-E<gt>gt($a, $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>ge($a, $b)>,
32834 C<$sortKey = $Collator-E<gt>getSortKey($string)>, C<$sortKeyForm =
32835 $Collator-E<gt>viewSortKey($string)>
32837 =item Methods for Searching
32839 C<$position = $Collator-E<gt>index($string, $substring[, $position])>,
32840 C<($position, $length) = $Collator-E<gt>index($string, $substring[,
32841 $position])>, C<$match_ref = $Collator-E<gt>match($string, $substring)>,
32842 C<($match) = $Collator-E<gt>match($string, $substring)>, C<@match =
32843 $Collator-E<gt>gmatch($string, $substring)>, C<$count =
32844 $Collator-E<gt>subst($string, $substring, $replacement)>, C<$count =
32845 $Collator-E<gt>gsubst($string, $substring, $replacement)>
32847 =item Other Methods
32849 C<%old_tailoring = $Collator-E<gt>change(%new_tailoring)>, C<$version =
32850 $Collator-E<gt>version()>, C<UCA_Version()>, C<Base_Unicode_Version()>
32860 Normalization, Conformance Test
32862 =item AUTHOR, COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
32866 Unicode Collation Algorithm - UTS #10, The Default Unicode Collation
32867 Element Table (DUCET), The conformance test for the UCA, Hangul Syllable
32868 Type, Unicode Normalization Forms - UAX #15
32872 =head2 Unicode::Normalize - Unicode Normalization Forms
32882 =item Normalization Forms
32884 C<$NFD_string = NFD($string)>, C<$NFC_string = NFC($string)>,
32885 C<$NFKD_string = NFKD($string)>, C<$NFKC_string = NFKC($string)>,
32886 C<$FCD_string = FCD($string)>, C<$FCC_string = FCC($string)>,
32887 C<$normalized_string = normalize($form_name, $string)>
32889 =item Decomposition and Composition
32891 C<$decomposed_string = decompose($string [, $useCompatMapping])>,
32892 C<$reordered_string = reorder($string)>, C<$composed_string =
32897 C<$result = checkNFD($string)>, C<$result = checkNFC($string)>, C<$result =
32898 checkNFKD($string)>, C<$result = checkNFKC($string)>, C<$result =
32899 checkFCD($string)>, C<$result = checkFCC($string)>, C<$result =
32900 check($form_name, $string)>
32902 =item Character Data
32904 C<$canonical_decomposition = getCanon($code_point)>,
32905 C<$compatibility_decomposition = getCompat($code_point)>,
32906 C<$code_point_composite = getComposite($code_point_here,
32907 $code_point_next)>, C<$combining_class = getCombinClass($code_point)>,
32908 C<$may_be_composed_with_prev_char = isComp2nd($code_point)>,
32909 C<$is_exclusion = isExclusion($code_point)>, C<$is_singleton =
32910 isSingleton($code_point)>, C<$is_non_starter_decomposition =
32911 isNonStDecomp($code_point)>, C<$is_Full_Composition_Exclusion =
32912 isComp_Ex($code_point)>, C<$NFD_is_NO = isNFD_NO($code_point)>,
32913 C<$NFC_is_NO = isNFC_NO($code_point)>, C<$NFC_is_MAYBE =
32914 isNFC_MAYBE($code_point)>, C<$NFKD_is_NO = isNFKD_NO($code_point)>,
32915 C<$NFKC_is_NO = isNFKC_NO($code_point)>, C<$NFKC_is_MAYBE =
32916 isNFKC_MAYBE($code_point)>
32924 Perl's version vs. Unicode version, Correction of decomposition mapping,
32925 Revised definition of canonical composition
32931 http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr15/,
32932 http://www.unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/CompositionExclusions.txt,
32933 http://www.unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/DerivedNormalizationProps.txt,
32934 http://www.unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/NormalizationCorrections.txt,
32935 http://www.unicode.org/review/pr-29.html, http://www.unicode.org/notes/tn5/
32939 =head2 Unicode::UCD - Unicode character database
32981 =item Blocks versus Scripts
32983 =item Matching Scripts and Blocks
32985 =item Code Point Arguments
32993 =item general_categories
33029 =item Unicode::UCD::UnicodeVersion
33035 =item Implementation Note
33047 =head2 User::grent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getgr*()
33062 =head2 User::pwent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getpw*()
33073 =item System Specifics
33087 =head2 Win32 - Interfaces to some Win32 API Functions
33095 =item Alphabetical Listing of Win32 Functions
33097 Win32::AbortSystemShutdown(MACHINE), Win32::BuildNumber(),
33098 Win32::CopyFile(FROM, TO, OVERWRITE), Win32::CreateDirectory(DIRECTORY),
33099 Win32::CreateFile(FILE), Win32::DomainName(),
33100 Win32::ExpandEnvironmentStrings(STRING), Win32::FormatMessage(ERRORCODE),
33101 Win32::FsType(), Win32::FreeLibrary(HANDLE),
33102 Win32::GetANSIPathName(FILENAME), Win32::GetArchName(),
33103 Win32::GetChipName(), Win32::GetCwd(), Win32::GetCurrentThreadId(),
33104 Win32::GetFileVersion(FILENAME), Win32::GetFolderPath(FOLDER [, CREATE]),
33105 Win32::GetFullPathName(FILENAME), Win32::GetLastError(),
33106 Win32::GetLongPathName(PATHNAME), Win32::GetNextAvailDrive(),
33107 Win32::GetOSVersion(), Win32::GetOSName(),
33108 Win32::GetShortPathName(PATHNAME), Win32::GetProcAddress(INSTANCE,
33109 PROCNAME), Win32::GetTickCount(), Win32::GuidGen(), Win32::IsAdminUser(),
33110 Win32::IsWinNT(), Win32::IsWin95(), Win32::LoadLibrary(LIBNAME),
33111 Win32::LoginName(), Win32::LookupAccountName(SYSTEM, ACCOUNT, DOMAIN, SID,
33112 SIDTYPE), Win32::LookupAccountSID(SYSTEM, SID, ACCOUNT, DOMAIN, SIDTYPE),
33113 Win32::MsgBox(MESSAGE [, FLAGS [, TITLE]]), Win32::NodeName(),
33114 Win32::OutputDebugString(STRING), Win32::RegisterServer(LIBRARYNAME),
33115 Win32::SetChildShowWindow(SHOWWINDOW), Win32::SetCwd(NEWDIRECTORY),
33116 Win32::SetLastError(ERROR), Win32::Sleep(TIME), Win32::Spawn(COMMAND, ARGS,
33117 PID), Win32::UnregisterServer(LIBRARYNAME)
33123 =head2 Win32API::File - Low-level access to Win32 system API calls for
33134 =item Object Oriented/Tied Handle Interface
33138 C<":Func">, attrLetsToBits, C<$uBits= attrLetsToBits( $sAttributeLetters
33139 )>, C<"a">, C<"c">, C<"h">, C<"o">, C<"r">, C<"s">, C<"t">, createFile,
33140 C<$hObject= createFile( $sPath )>, C<$hObject= createFile( $sPath,
33141 $rvhvOptions )>, C<$hObject= createFile( $sPath, $svAccess )>, C<$hObject=
33142 createFile( $sPath, $svAccess, $rvhvOptions )>, C<$hObject= createFile(
33143 $sPath, $svAccess, $svShare )>, C<$hObject= createFile( $sPath, $svAccess,
33144 $svShare, $rvhvOptions )>, C<"q">, C<"r">, C<"w">, C<"k">, C<"t">, C<"n">,
33145 C<"c">, C<"e">, C<"kc">, C<"ke">, C<"tc">, C<"te">, C<"nc">, C<"ne">, Flags
33146 => $uFlags, Attributes => $sAttributes, Security => $pSecurityAttributes,
33147 Model => $hModelFile, Access => $sAccess, Access => $uAccess, Create =>
33148 $sCreate, Create => $uCreate, Share => $sShare, Share => $uShare,
33149 getLogicalDrives, C<@roots= getLogicalDrives()>, CloseHandle,
33150 C<CloseHandle( $hObject )>, CopyFile, C<CopyFile( $sOldFileName,
33151 $sNewFileName, $bFailIfExists )>, CreateFile, C<$hObject= CreateFile(
33152 $sPath, $uAccess, $uShare, $pSecAttr, $uCreate, $uFlags, $hModel )>,
33153 C<"//./PhysicalDrive0">, C<"//./C:">, C<"//./A:">, C<"//./PIPE/PipeName">,
33154 DefineDosDevice, C<DefineDosDevice( $uFlags, $sDosDeviceName, $sTargetPath
33155 )>, C<DDD_RAW_TARGET_PATH>, C<DDD_REMOVE_DEFINITION>,
33156 C<DDD_EXACT_MATCH_ON_REMOVE>, DeleteFile, C<DeleteFile( $sFileName )>,
33157 DeviceIoControl, C<DeviceIoControl( $hDevice, $uIoControlCode, $pInBuf,
33158 $lInBuf, $opOutBuf, $lOutBuf, $olRetBytes, $pOverlapped )>, FdGetOsFHandle,
33159 C<$hNativeHandle= FdGetOsFHandle( $ivFd )>, fileConstant, C<$value=
33160 fileConstant( $sConstantName )>, fileLastError, C<$svError=
33161 fileLastError();>, C<fileLastError( $uError );>, GetDriveType,
33162 C<$uDriveType= GetDriveType( $sRootPath )>, C<DRIVE_UNKNOWN>,
33163 C<DRIVE_NO_ROOT_DIR>, C<DRIVE_REMOVABLE>, C<DRIVE_FIXED>, C<DRIVE_REMOTE>,
33164 C<DRIVE_CDROM>, C<DRIVE_RAMDISK>, GetFileAttributes, C<$uAttrs =
33165 GetFileAttributes( $sPath )>, C<FILE_ATTRIBUTE_ARCHIVE>,
33166 C<FILE_ATTRIBUTE_COMPRESSED>, C<FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DEVICE>,
33167 C<FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY>, C<FILE_ATTRIBUTE_ENCRYPTED>,
33168 C<FILE_ATTRIBUTE_HIDDEN>, C<FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL>,
33169 C<FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NOT_CONTENT_INDEXED>, C<FILE_ATTRIBUTE_OFFLINE>,
33170 C<FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY>, C<FILE_ATTRIBUTE_REPARSE_POINT>,
33171 C<FILE_ATTRIBUTE_SPARSE_FILE>, C<FILE_ATTRIBUTE_SYSTEM>,
33172 C<FILE_ATTRIBUTE_TEMPORARY>, GetFileType, C<$uFileType= GetFileType( $hFile
33173 )>, C<FILE_TYPE_UNKNOWN>, C<FILE_TYPE_DISK>, C<FILE_TYPE_CHAR>,
33174 C<FILE_TYPE_PIPE>, getFileSize, C<$size= getFileSize( $hFile )>,
33175 GetFileSize, C<$iSizeLow= GetFileSize($win32Handle, $iSizeHigh)>,
33176 GetOverlappedResult, C<$bRetval= GetOverlappedResult( $win32Handle,
33177 $pOverlapped, $numBytesTransferred, $bWait )>, GetLogicalDrives,
33178 C<$uDriveBits= GetLogicalDrives()>, GetLogicalDriveStrings, C<$olOutLength=
33179 GetLogicalDriveStrings( $lBufSize, $osBuffer )>, GetHandleInformation,
33180 C<GetHandleInformation( $hObject, $ouFlags )>, GetOsFHandle,
33181 C<$hNativeHandle= GetOsFHandle( FILE )>, GetVolumeInformation,
33182 C<GetVolumeInformation( $sRootPath, $osVolName, $lVolName, $ouSerialNum,
33183 $ouMaxNameLen, $ouFsFlags, $osFsType, $lFsType )>, C<FS_CASE_IS_PRESERVED>,
33184 C<FS_CASE_SENSITIVE>, C<FS_UNICODE_STORED_ON_DISK>, C<FS_PERSISTENT_ACLS>,
33185 C<FS_FILE_COMPRESSION>, C<FS_VOL_IS_COMPRESSED>, IsRecognizedPartition,
33186 C<IsRecognizedPartition( $ivPartitionType )>, IsContainerPartition,
33187 C<IsContainerPartition( $ivPartitionType )>, MoveFile, C<MoveFile(
33188 $sOldName, $sNewName )>, MoveFileEx, C<MoveFileEx( $sOldName, $sNewName,
33189 $uFlags )>, C<MOVEFILE_REPLACE_EXISTING>, C<MOVEFILE_COPY_ALLOWED>,
33190 C<MOVEFILE_DELAY_UNTIL_REBOOT>, C<MOVEFILE_WRITE_THROUGH>, OsFHandleOpen,
33191 C<OsFHandleOpen( FILE, $hNativeHandle, $sMode )>, OsFHandleOpenFd, C<$ivFD=
33192 OsFHandleOpenFd( $hNativeHandle, $uMode )>, QueryDosDevice, C<$olTargetLen=
33193 QueryDosDevice( $sDosDeviceName, $osTargetPath, $lTargetBuf )>, ReadFile,
33194 C<ReadFile( $hFile, $opBuffer, $lBytes, $olBytesRead, $pOverlapped )>,
33195 SetErrorMode, C<$uOldMode= SetErrorMode( $uNewMode )>,
33196 C<SEM_FAILCRITICALERRORS>, C<SEM_NOALIGNMENTFAULTEXCEPT>,
33197 C<SEM_NOGPFAULTERRORBOX>, C<SEM_NOOPENFILEERRORBOX>, setFilePointer,
33198 C<$uNewPos = setFilePointer( $hFile, $ivOffset, $uFromWhere )>,
33199 SetFilePointer, C<$uNewPos = SetFilePointer( $hFile, $ivOffset,
33200 $ioivOffsetHigh, $uFromWhere )>, SetHandleInformation,
33201 C<SetHandleInformation( $hObject, $uMask, $uFlags )>, WriteFile,
33202 C<WriteFile( $hFile, $pBuffer, $lBytes, $ouBytesWritten, $pOverlapped )>,
33203 C<":FuncA">, C<":FuncW">, CopyFileW, C<CopyFileW( $swOldFileName,
33204 $swNewFileName, $bFailIfExists )>, CreateFileW, C<$hObject= CreateFileW(
33205 $swPath, $uAccess, $uShare, $pSecAttr, $uCreate, $uFlags, $hModel )>,
33206 DefineDosDeviceW, C<DefineDosDeviceW( $uFlags, $swDosDeviceName,
33207 $swTargetPath )>, DeleteFileW, C<DeleteFileW( $swFileName )>,
33208 GetDriveTypeW, C<$uDriveType= GetDriveTypeW( $swRootPath )>,
33209 GetFileAttributesW, C<$uAttrs= GetFileAttributesW( $swPath )>,
33210 GetLogicalDriveStringsW, C<$olwOutLength= GetLogicalDriveStringsW(
33211 $lwBufSize, $oswBuffer )>, GetVolumeInformationW, C<GetVolumeInformationW(
33212 $swRootPath, $oswVolName, $lwVolName, $ouSerialNum, $ouMaxNameLen,
33213 $ouFsFlags, $oswFsType, $lwFsType )>, MoveFileW, C<MoveFileW( $swOldName,
33214 $swNewName )>, MoveFileExW, C<MoveFileExW( $swOldName, $swNewName, $uFlags
33215 )>, QueryDosDeviceW, C<$olwTargetLen= QueryDosDeviceW( $swDeviceName,
33216 $oswTargetPath, $lwTargetBuf )>, C<":Misc">, C<":DDD_">, C<":DRIVE_">,
33217 C<":FILE_">, C<":FILE_ATTRIBUTE_">, C<":FILE_FLAG_">, C<":FILE_SHARE_">,
33218 C<":FILE_TYPE_">, C<":FS_">, C<":HANDLE_FLAG_">, HANDLE_FLAG_INHERIT,
33219 HANDLE_FLAG_PROTECT_FROM_CLOSE, C<":IOCTL_STORAGE_">,
33220 C<IOCTL_STORAGE_CHECK_VERIFY>, C<IOCTL_STORAGE_MEDIA_REMOVAL>,
33221 C<IOCTL_STORAGE_EJECT_MEDIA>, C<IOCTL_STORAGE_LOAD_MEDIA>,
33222 C<IOCTL_STORAGE_RESERVE>, C<IOCTL_STORAGE_RELEASE>,
33223 C<IOCTL_STORAGE_FIND_NEW_DEVICES>, C<IOCTL_STORAGE_GET_MEDIA_TYPES>,
33224 C<$ucCylsLow[$i]>, C<$ivcCylsHigh[$i]>, C<$uMediaType[$i]>,
33225 C<$uTracksPerCyl[$i]>, C<$uSectsPerTrack[$i]>, C<$uBytesPerSect[$i]>,
33226 C<":IOCTL_DISK_">, C<IOCTL_DISK_GET_DRIVE_GEOMETRY>, C<$ucCylsLow>,
33227 C<$ivcCylsHigh>, C<$uMediaType>, C<$uTracksPerCyl>, C<$uSectsPerTrack>,
33228 C<$uBytesPerSect>, C<IOCTL_DISK_GET_PARTITION_INFO>, C<$uStartLow> and
33229 C<$ivStartHigh>, C<$ucHiddenSects>, C<$uPartitionSeqNumber>,
33230 C<$uPartitionType>, C<$bActive>, C<$bRecognized>, C<$bToRewrite>,
33231 C<IOCTL_DISK_SET_PARTITION_INFO>, C<IOCTL_DISK_GET_DRIVE_LAYOUT>,
33232 C<$cPartitions>, C<$uDiskSignature>, C<IOCTL_DISK_GET_MEDIA_TYPES>,
33233 C<IOCTL_DISK_SET_DRIVE_LAYOUT>, C<IOCTL_DISK_VERIFY>, C<$uStartOffsetLow>
33234 and C<$ivStartOffsetHigh>, C<$uLength>, C<IOCTL_DISK_FORMAT_TRACKS>,
33235 C<IOCTL_DISK_REASSIGN_BLOCKS>, C<IOCTL_DISK_PERFORMANCE>,
33236 C<IOCTL_DISK_IS_WRITABLE>, C<IOCTL_DISK_LOGGING>, DISK_LOGGING_START,
33237 DISK_LOGGING_STOP, DISK_LOGGING_DUMP, DISK_LOGGING_BINNING,
33238 C<IOCTL_DISK_FORMAT_TRACKS_EX>, C<IOCTL_DISK_HISTOGRAM_STRUCTURE>,
33239 C<IOCTL_DISK_HISTOGRAM_DATA>, C<IOCTL_DISK_HISTOGRAM_RESET>,
33240 C<IOCTL_DISK_REQUEST_STRUCTURE>, C<IOCTL_DISK_REQUEST_DATA>, C<":FSCTL_">,
33241 C<FSCTL_SET_REPARSE_POINT>, C<FSCTL_GET_REPARSE_POINT>,
33242 C<FSCTL_DELETE_REPARSE_POINT>, C<":GENERIC_">, C<":MEDIA_TYPE">,
33243 C<Unknown>, C<F5_1Pt2_512>, C<F3_1Pt44_512>, C<F3_2Pt88_512>,
33244 C<F3_20Pt8_512>, C<F3_720_512>, C<F5_360_512>, C<F5_320_512>,
33245 C<F5_320_1024>, C<F5_180_512>, C<F5_160_512>, C<RemovableMedia>,
33246 C<FixedMedia>, C<F3_120M_512>, C<":MOVEFILE_">, C<":SECURITY_">,
33247 C<":SEM_">, C<":PARTITION_">, C<":ALL">
33259 =head2 Win32CORE - Win32 CORE function stubs
33269 =head2 XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code
33281 =item Migration from C<DynaLoader>
33283 =item Backward compatible boilerplate
33287 =item Order of initialization: early load()
33291 =item The most hairy case
33297 C<Can't find '%s' symbol in %s>, C<Can't load '%s' for module %s: %s>,
33298 C<Undefined symbols present after loading %s: %s>,
33299 C<XSLoader::load('Your::Module', $Your::Module::VERSION)>
33313 =head1 AUXILIARY DOCUMENTATION
33315 Here should be listed all the extra programs' documentation, but they
33316 don't all have manual pages yet:
33350 Larry Wall <F<larry@wall.org>>, with the help of oodles