2 # !!!!!!! DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE !!!!!!!
3 # This file is autogenerated by buildtoc from all the other pods.
4 # Edit those files and run buildtoc --build-toc to effect changes.
8 perltoc - perl documentation table of contents
12 This page provides a brief table of contents for the rest of the Perl
13 documentation set. It is meant to be scanned quickly or grepped
14 through to locate the proper section you're looking for.
16 =head1 BASIC DOCUMENTATION
18 =head2 perl - Practical Extraction and Report Language
30 =item Reference Manual
32 =item Internals and C Language Interface
36 =item Language-Specific
38 =item Platform-Specific
62 =head2 perlintro -- a brief introduction and overview of Perl
72 =item Running Perl programs
74 =item Basic syntax overview
76 =item Perl variable types
78 Scalars, Arrays, Hashes
80 =item Variable scoping
82 =item Conditional and looping constructs
84 if, while, for, foreach
86 =item Builtin operators and functions
88 Arithmetic, Numeric comparison, String comparison, Boolean logic,
93 =item Regular expressions
95 Simple matching, Simple substitution, More complex regular expressions,
96 Parentheses for capturing, Other regexp features
98 =item Writing subroutines
102 =item Using Perl modules
110 =head2 perlreftut - Mark's very short tutorial about references
116 =item Who Needs Complicated Data Structures?
124 =item Making References
126 =item Using References
144 =item Distribution Conditions
150 =head2 perldsc - Perl Data Structures Cookbook
156 arrays of arrays, hashes of arrays, arrays of hashes, hashes of hashes,
157 more elaborate constructs
161 =item COMMON MISTAKES
163 =item CAVEAT ON PRECEDENCE
165 =item WHY YOU SHOULD ALWAYS C<use strict>
171 =item ARRAYS OF ARRAYS
175 =item Declaration of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
177 =item Generation of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
179 =item Access and Printing of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
183 =item HASHES OF ARRAYS
187 =item Declaration of a HASH OF ARRAYS
189 =item Generation of a HASH OF ARRAYS
191 =item Access and Printing of a HASH OF ARRAYS
195 =item ARRAYS OF HASHES
199 =item Declaration of an ARRAY OF HASHES
201 =item Generation of an ARRAY OF HASHES
203 =item Access and Printing of an ARRAY OF HASHES
207 =item HASHES OF HASHES
211 =item Declaration of a HASH OF HASHES
213 =item Generation of a HASH OF HASHES
215 =item Access and Printing of a HASH OF HASHES
219 =item MORE ELABORATE RECORDS
223 =item Declaration of MORE ELABORATE RECORDS
225 =item Declaration of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS
227 =item Generation of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS
239 =head2 perllol - Manipulating Arrays of Arrays in Perl
247 =item Declaration and Access of Arrays of Arrays
249 =item Growing Your Own
251 =item Access and Printing
263 =head2 perlrequick - Perl regular expressions quick start
273 =item Simple word matching
275 =item Using character classes
277 =item Matching this or that
279 =item Grouping things and hierarchical matching
281 =item Extracting matches
283 =item Matching repetitions
287 =item Search and replace
289 =item The split operator
297 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
301 =item Acknowledgments
307 =head2 perlretut - Perl regular expressions tutorial
313 =item Part 1: The basics
317 =item Simple word matching
319 =item Using character classes
321 =item Matching this or that
323 =item Grouping things and hierarchical matching
325 =item Extracting matches
327 =item Matching repetitions
329 =item Building a regexp
331 =item Using regular expressions in Perl
335 =item Part 2: Power tools
339 =item More on characters, strings, and character classes
341 =item Compiling and saving regular expressions
343 =item Embedding comments and modifiers in a regular expression
345 =item Non-capturing groupings
347 =item Looking ahead and looking behind
349 =item Using independent subexpressions to prevent backtracking
351 =item Conditional expressions
353 =item A bit of magic: executing Perl code in a regular expression
355 =item Pragmas and debugging
363 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
367 =item Acknowledgments
373 =head2 perlboot - Beginner's Object-Oriented Tutorial
381 =item If we could talk to the animals...
383 =item Introducing the method invocation arrow
385 =item Invoking a barnyard
387 =item The extra parameter of method invocation
389 =item Calling a second method to simplify things
391 =item Inheriting the windpipes
393 =item A few notes about @ISA
395 =item Overriding the methods
397 =item Starting the search from a different place
399 =item The SUPER way of doing things
401 =item Where we're at so far...
403 =item A horse is a horse, of course of course -- or is it?
405 =item Invoking an instance method
407 =item Accessing the instance data
409 =item How to build a horse
411 =item Inheriting the constructor
413 =item Making a method work with either classes or instances
415 =item Adding parameters to a method
417 =item More interesting instances
419 =item A horse of a different color
431 =head2 perltoot - Tom's object-oriented tutorial for perl
437 =item Creating a Class
441 =item Object Representation
443 =item Class Interface
445 =item Constructors and Instance Methods
447 =item Planning for the Future: Better Constructors
451 =item Other Object Methods
459 =item Accessing Class Data
461 =item Debugging Methods
463 =item Class Destructors
465 =item Documenting the Interface
475 =item Overridden Methods
477 =item Multiple Inheritance
479 =item UNIVERSAL: The Root of All Objects
483 =item Alternate Object Representations
487 =item Arrays as Objects
489 =item Closures as Objects
493 =item AUTOLOAD: Proxy Methods
497 =item Autoloaded Data Methods
499 =item Inherited Autoloaded Data Methods
503 =item Metaclassical Tools
509 =item Data Members as Variables
517 =item Object Terminology
523 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
529 =item Acknowledgments
535 =head2 perltooc - Tom's OO Tutorial for Class Data in Perl
541 =item Class Data in a Can
543 =item Class Data as Package Variables
547 =item Putting All Your Eggs in One Basket
549 =item Inheritance Concerns
551 =item The Eponymous Meta-Object
553 =item Indirect References to Class Data
555 =item Monadic Classes
557 =item Translucent Attributes
561 =item Class Data as Lexical Variables
565 =item Privacy and Responsibility
567 =item File-Scoped Lexicals
569 =item More Inheritance Concerns
571 =item Locking the Door and Throwing Away the Key
573 =item Translucency Revisited
581 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
583 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
589 =head2 perlbot - Bag'o Object Tricks (the BOT)
595 =item OO SCALING TIPS
597 =item INSTANCE VARIABLES
599 =item SCALAR INSTANCE VARIABLES
601 =item INSTANCE VARIABLE INHERITANCE
603 =item OBJECT RELATIONSHIPS
605 =item OVERRIDING SUPERCLASS METHODS
607 =item USING RELATIONSHIP WITH SDBM
609 =item THINKING OF CODE REUSE
611 =item CLASS CONTEXT AND THE OBJECT
613 =item INHERITING A CONSTRUCTOR
621 =head2 perlstyle - Perl style guide
629 =head2 perlcheat - Perl 5 Cheat Sheet
641 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
649 =head2 perltrap - Perl traps for the unwary
667 =item Perl4 to Perl5 Traps
669 Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps, Parsing Traps, Numerical
670 Traps, General data type traps, Context Traps - scalar, list contexts,
671 Precedence Traps, General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc,
672 Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps, OS Traps, DBM Traps, Unclassified Traps
674 =item Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps
676 Discontinuance, Deprecation, BugFix, Discontinuance, Discontinuance,
677 Discontinuance, BugFix, Discontinuance, Discontinuance, BugFix,
678 Discontinuance, Deprecation, Discontinuance, Discontinuance
682 Parsing, Parsing, Parsing, Parsing, Parsing
684 =item Numerical Traps
686 Numerical, Numerical, Numerical, Bitwise string ops
688 =item General data type traps
690 (Arrays), (Arrays), (Hashes), (Globs), (Globs), (Scalar String),
691 (Constants), (Scalars), (Variable Suicide)
693 =item Context Traps - scalar, list contexts
695 (list context), (scalar context), (scalar context), (list, builtin)
697 =item Precedence Traps
699 Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence,
702 =item General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc.
704 Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular
705 Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression,
706 Regular Expression, Regular Expression
708 =item Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps
710 (Signals), (Sort Subroutine), warn() won't let you specify a filehandle
716 =item Interpolation Traps
718 Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation,
719 Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation
725 =item Unclassified Traps
727 C<require>/C<do> trap using returned value, C<split> on empty string with
734 =head2 perldebtut - Perl debugging tutorial
742 =item Looking at data and -w and v
746 =item Stepping through code
748 =item Placeholder for a, w, t, T
750 =item REGULAR EXPRESSIONS
768 =head2 perlfaq - frequently asked questions about Perl ($Date: 2003/01/31
777 =item Where to get the perlfaq
779 =item How to contribute to the perlfaq
781 =item What will happen if you mail your Perl programming problems to the
788 =item Author and Copyright Information
792 =item Bundled Distributions
798 =item Table of Contents
800 perlfaq - this document, perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl, perlfaq2
801 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl, perlfaq3 - Programming Tools, perlfaq4
802 - Data Manipulation, perlfaq5 - Files and Formats, perlfaq6 - Regular
803 Expressions, perlfaq7 - General Perl Language Issues, perlfaq8 - System
804 Interaction, perlfaq9 - Networking
810 =item L<perlfaq1>: General Questions About Perl
812 =item L<perlfaq2>: Obtaining and Learning about Perl
814 =item L<perlfaq3>: Programming Tools
816 =item L<perlfaq4>: Data Manipulation
818 =item L<perlfaq5>: Files and Formats
820 =item L<perlfaq6>: Regular Expressions
822 =item L<perlfaq7>: General Perl Language Issues
824 =item L<perlfaq8>: System Interaction
826 =item L<perlfaq9>: Networking
832 =head2 perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl ($Revision: 1.12 $, $Date:
833 2003/07/09 15:47:28 $)
843 =item Who supports Perl? Who develops it? Why is it free?
845 =item Which version of Perl should I use?
847 =item What are perl4 and perl5?
853 =item How stable is Perl?
855 =item Is Perl difficult to learn?
857 =item How does Perl compare with other languages like Java, Python, REXX,
860 =item Can I do [task] in Perl?
862 =item When shouldn't I program in Perl?
864 =item What's the difference between "perl" and "Perl"?
866 =item Is it a Perl program or a Perl script?
868 =item What is a JAPH?
870 =item Where can I get a list of Larry Wall witticisms?
872 =item How can I convince my sysadmin/supervisor/employees to use version
873 5/5.6.1/Perl instead of some other language?
877 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
881 =head2 perlfaq2 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl ($Revision: 1.20 $,
882 $Date: 2003/01/26 17:50:56 $)
890 =item What machines support Perl? Where do I get it?
892 =item How can I get a binary version of Perl?
894 =item I don't have a C compiler on my system. How can I compile perl?
896 =item I copied the Perl binary from one machine to another, but scripts
899 =item I grabbed the sources and tried to compile but gdbm/dynamic
900 loading/malloc/linking/... failed. How do I make it work?
902 =item What modules and extensions are available for Perl? What is CPAN?
903 What does CPAN/src/... mean?
905 =item Is there an ISO or ANSI certified version of Perl?
907 =item Where can I get information on Perl?
909 =item What are the Perl newsgroups on Usenet? Where do I post questions?
911 =item Where should I post source code?
915 References, Tutorials, Task-Oriented, Special Topics
917 =item Perl in Magazines
919 =item Perl on the Net: FTP and WWW Access
921 =item What mailing lists are there for Perl?
923 =item Archives of comp.lang.perl.misc
925 =item Where can I buy a commercial version of Perl?
927 =item Where do I send bug reports?
929 =item What is perl.com? Perl Mongers? pm.org? perl.org? cpan.org?
933 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
937 =head2 perlfaq3 - Programming Tools ($Revision: 1.33 $, $Date: 2003/01/31
946 =item How do I do (anything)?
948 =item How can I use Perl interactively?
950 =item Is there a Perl shell?
952 =item How do I find which modules are installed on my system?
954 =item How do I debug my Perl programs?
956 =item How do I profile my Perl programs?
958 =item How do I cross-reference my Perl programs?
960 =item Is there a pretty-printer (formatter) for Perl?
962 =item Is there a ctags for Perl?
964 =item Is there an IDE or Windows Perl Editor?
966 Komodo, The Object System, Open Perl IDE, PerlBuilder, visiPerl+, OptiPerl,
967 GNU Emacs, MicroEMACS, XEmacs, Jed, Elvis, Vile, Vim, Codewright,
968 MultiEdit, SlickEdit, Bash, Ksh, Tcsh, Zsh, BBEdit and BBEdit Lite, Alpha
970 =item Where can I get Perl macros for vi?
972 =item Where can I get perl-mode for emacs?
974 =item How can I use curses with Perl?
976 =item How can I use X or Tk with Perl?
978 =item How can I generate simple menus without using CGI or Tk?
980 =item How can I make my Perl program run faster?
982 =item How can I make my Perl program take less memory?
984 Don't slurp!, Use map and grep selectively, Avoid unnecessary quotes and
985 stringification, Pass by reference, Tie large variables to disk
987 =item Is it safe to return a reference to local or lexical data?
989 =item How can I free an array or hash so my program shrinks?
991 =item How can I make my CGI script more efficient?
993 =item How can I hide the source for my Perl program?
995 =item How can I compile my Perl program into byte code or C?
997 =item How can I compile Perl into Java?
999 =item How can I get C<#!perl> to work on [MS-DOS,NT,...]?
1001 =item Can I write useful Perl programs on the command line?
1003 =item Why don't Perl one-liners work on my DOS/Mac/VMS system?
1005 =item Where can I learn about CGI or Web programming in Perl?
1007 =item Where can I learn about object-oriented Perl programming?
1009 =item Where can I learn about linking C with Perl? [h2xs, xsubpp]
1011 =item I've read perlembed, perlguts, etc., but I can't embed perl in
1012 my C program; what am I doing wrong?
1014 =item When I tried to run my script, I got this message. What does it mean?
1016 =item What's MakeMaker?
1020 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1024 =head2 perlfaq4 - Data Manipulation ($Revision: 1.44 $, $Date: 2003/07/28
1035 =item Why am I getting long decimals (eg, 19.9499999999999) instead of the
1036 numbers I should be getting (eg, 19.95)?
1038 =item Why isn't my octal data interpreted correctly?
1040 =item Does Perl have a round() function? What about ceil() and floor()?
1043 =item How do I convert between numeric representations?
1045 How do I convert hexadecimal into decimal, How do I convert from decimal to
1046 hexadecimal, How do I convert from octal to decimal, How do I convert from
1047 decimal to octal, How do I convert from binary to decimal, How do I convert
1048 from decimal to binary
1050 =item Why doesn't & work the way I want it to?
1052 =item How do I multiply matrices?
1054 =item How do I perform an operation on a series of integers?
1056 =item How can I output Roman numerals?
1058 =item Why aren't my random numbers random?
1060 =item How do I get a random number between X and Y?
1068 =item How do I find the day or week of the year?
1070 =item How do I find the current century or millennium?
1072 =item How can I compare two dates and find the difference?
1074 =item How can I take a string and turn it into epoch seconds?
1076 =item How can I find the Julian Day?
1078 =item How do I find yesterday's date?
1080 =item Does Perl have a Year 2000 problem? Is Perl Y2K compliant?
1088 =item How do I validate input?
1090 =item How do I unescape a string?
1092 =item How do I remove consecutive pairs of characters?
1094 =item How do I expand function calls in a string?
1096 =item How do I find matching/nesting anything?
1098 =item How do I reverse a string?
1100 =item How do I expand tabs in a string?
1102 =item How do I reformat a paragraph?
1104 =item How can I access or change N characters of a string?
1106 =item How do I change the Nth occurrence of something?
1108 =item How can I count the number of occurrences of a substring within a
1111 =item How do I capitalize all the words on one line?
1113 =item How can I split a [character] delimited string except when inside
1116 =item How do I strip blank space from the beginning/end of a string?
1118 =item How do I pad a string with blanks or pad a number with zeroes?
1120 =item How do I extract selected columns from a string?
1122 =item How do I find the soundex value of a string?
1124 =item How can I expand variables in text strings?
1126 =item What's wrong with always quoting "$vars"?
1128 =item Why don't my E<lt>E<lt>HERE documents work?
1130 There must be no space after the E<lt>E<lt> part, There (probably) should
1131 be a semicolon at the end, You can't (easily) have any space in front of
1140 =item What is the difference between a list and an array?
1142 =item What is the difference between $array[1] and @array[1]?
1144 =item How can I remove duplicate elements from a list or array?
1148 =item How can I tell whether a certain element is contained in a list or
1151 =item How do I compute the difference of two arrays? How do I compute the
1152 intersection of two arrays?
1154 =item How do I test whether two arrays or hashes are equal?
1156 =item How do I find the first array element for which a condition is true?
1158 =item How do I handle linked lists?
1160 =item How do I handle circular lists?
1162 =item How do I shuffle an array randomly?
1164 =item How do I process/modify each element of an array?
1166 =item How do I select a random element from an array?
1168 =item How do I permute N elements of a list?
1170 =item How do I sort an array by (anything)?
1172 =item How do I manipulate arrays of bits?
1174 =item Why does defined() return true on empty arrays and hashes?
1178 =item Data: Hashes (Associative Arrays)
1182 =item How do I process an entire hash?
1184 =item What happens if I add or remove keys from a hash while iterating over
1187 =item How do I look up a hash element by value?
1189 =item How can I know how many entries are in a hash?
1191 =item How do I sort a hash (optionally by value instead of key)?
1193 =item How can I always keep my hash sorted?
1195 =item What's the difference between "delete" and "undef" with hashes?
1197 =item Why don't my tied hashes make the defined/exists distinction?
1199 =item How do I reset an each() operation part-way through?
1201 =item How can I get the unique keys from two hashes?
1203 =item How can I store a multidimensional array in a DBM file?
1205 =item How can I make my hash remember the order I put elements into it?
1207 =item Why does passing a subroutine an undefined element in a hash create
1210 =item How can I make the Perl equivalent of a C structure/C++ class/hash or
1211 array of hashes or arrays?
1213 =item How can I use a reference as a hash key?
1221 =item How do I handle binary data correctly?
1223 =item How do I determine whether a scalar is a number/whole/integer/float?
1225 =item How do I keep persistent data across program calls?
1227 =item How do I print out or copy a recursive data structure?
1229 =item How do I define methods for every class/object?
1231 =item How do I verify a credit card checksum?
1233 =item How do I pack arrays of doubles or floats for XS code?
1237 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1241 =head2 perlfaq5 - Files and Formats ($Revision: 1.28 $, $Date: 2003/01/26
1250 =item How do I flush/unbuffer an output filehandle? Why must I do this?
1252 =item How do I change one line in a file/delete a line in a file/insert a
1253 line in the middle of a file/append to the beginning of a file?
1255 =item How do I count the number of lines in a file?
1257 =item How can I use Perl's C<-i> option from within a program?
1259 =item How do I make a temporary file name?
1261 =item How can I manipulate fixed-record-length files?
1263 =item How can I make a filehandle local to a subroutine? How do I pass
1264 filehandles between subroutines? How do I make an array of filehandles?
1266 =item How can I use a filehandle indirectly?
1268 =item How can I set up a footer format to be used with write()?
1270 =item How can I write() into a string?
1272 =item How can I output my numbers with commas added?
1274 =item How can I translate tildes (~) in a filename?
1276 =item How come when I open a file read-write it wipes it out?
1278 =item Why do I sometimes get an "Argument list too long" when I use
1281 =item Is there a leak/bug in glob()?
1283 =item How can I open a file with a leading ">" or trailing blanks?
1285 =item How can I reliably rename a file?
1287 =item How can I lock a file?
1289 =item Why can't I just open(FH, "E<gt>file.lock")?
1291 =item I still don't get locking. I just want to increment the number in
1292 the file. How can I do this?
1294 =item All I want to do is append a small amount of text to the end of a
1295 file. Do I still have to use locking?
1297 =item How do I randomly update a binary file?
1299 =item How do I get a file's timestamp in perl?
1301 =item How do I set a file's timestamp in perl?
1303 =item How do I print to more than one file at once?
1305 =item How can I read in an entire file all at once?
1307 =item How can I read in a file by paragraphs?
1309 =item How can I read a single character from a file? From the keyboard?
1311 =item How can I tell whether there's a character waiting on a filehandle?
1313 =item How do I do a C<tail -f> in perl?
1315 =item How do I dup() a filehandle in Perl?
1317 =item How do I close a file descriptor by number?
1319 =item Why can't I use "C:\temp\foo" in DOS paths? Why doesn't
1320 `C:\temp\foo.exe` work?
1322 =item Why doesn't glob("*.*") get all the files?
1324 =item Why does Perl let me delete read-only files? Why does C<-i> clobber
1325 protected files? Isn't this a bug in Perl?
1327 =item How do I select a random line from a file?
1329 =item Why do I get weird spaces when I print an array of lines?
1333 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1337 =head2 perlfaq6 - Regular Expressions ($Revision: 1.20 $, $Date: 2003/01/03
1346 =item How can I hope to use regular expressions without creating illegible
1347 and unmaintainable code?
1349 Comments Outside the Regex, Comments Inside the Regex, Different Delimiters
1351 =item I'm having trouble matching over more than one line. What's wrong?
1353 =item How can I pull out lines between two patterns that are themselves on
1356 =item I put a regular expression into $/ but it didn't work. What's wrong?
1358 =item How do I substitute case insensitively on the LHS while preserving
1361 =item How can I make C<\w> match national character sets?
1363 =item How can I match a locale-smart version of C</[a-zA-Z]/>?
1365 =item How can I quote a variable to use in a regex?
1367 =item What is C</o> really for?
1369 =item How do I use a regular expression to strip C style comments from a
1372 =item Can I use Perl regular expressions to match balanced text?
1374 =item What does it mean that regexes are greedy? How can I get around it?
1376 =item How do I process each word on each line?
1378 =item How can I print out a word-frequency or line-frequency summary?
1380 =item How can I do approximate matching?
1382 =item How do I efficiently match many regular expressions at once?
1384 =item Why don't word-boundary searches with C<\b> work for me?
1386 =item Why does using $&, $`, or $' slow my program down?
1388 =item What good is C<\G> in a regular expression?
1390 =item Are Perl regexes DFAs or NFAs? Are they POSIX compliant?
1392 =item What's wrong with using grep in a void context?
1394 =item How can I match strings with multibyte characters?
1396 =item How do I match a pattern that is supplied by the user?
1400 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1404 =head2 perlfaq7 - General Perl Language Issues ($Revision: 1.15 $, $Date:
1405 2003/07/24 02:17:21 $)
1413 =item Can I get a BNF/yacc/RE for the Perl language?
1415 =item What are all these $@%&* punctuation signs, and how do I know when to
1418 =item Do I always/never have to quote my strings or use semicolons and
1421 =item How do I skip some return values?
1423 =item How do I temporarily block warnings?
1425 =item What's an extension?
1427 =item Why do Perl operators have different precedence than C operators?
1429 =item How do I declare/create a structure?
1431 =item How do I create a module?
1433 =item How do I create a class?
1435 =item How can I tell if a variable is tainted?
1437 =item What's a closure?
1439 =item What is variable suicide and how can I prevent it?
1441 =item How can I pass/return a {Function, FileHandle, Array, Hash, Method,
1444 Passing Variables and Functions, Passing Filehandles, Passing Regexes,
1447 =item How do I create a static variable?
1449 =item What's the difference between dynamic and lexical (static) scoping?
1450 Between local() and my()?
1452 =item How can I access a dynamic variable while a similarly named lexical
1455 =item What's the difference between deep and shallow binding?
1457 =item Why doesn't "my($foo) = E<lt>FILEE<gt>;" work right?
1459 =item How do I redefine a builtin function, operator, or method?
1461 =item What's the difference between calling a function as &foo and foo()?
1463 =item How do I create a switch or case statement?
1465 =item How can I catch accesses to undefined variables, functions, or
1468 =item Why can't a method included in this same file be found?
1470 =item How can I find out my current package?
1472 =item How can I comment out a large block of perl code?
1474 =item How do I clear a package?
1476 =item How can I use a variable as a variable name?
1478 =item What does "bad interpreter" mean?
1482 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1486 =head2 perlfaq8 - System Interaction ($Revision: 1.17 $, $Date: 2003/01/26
1495 =item How do I find out which operating system I'm running under?
1497 =item How come exec() doesn't return?
1499 =item How do I do fancy stuff with the keyboard/screen/mouse?
1501 Keyboard, Screen, Mouse
1503 =item How do I print something out in color?
1505 =item How do I read just one key without waiting for a return key?
1507 =item How do I check whether input is ready on the keyboard?
1509 =item How do I clear the screen?
1511 =item How do I get the screen size?
1513 =item How do I ask the user for a password?
1515 =item How do I read and write the serial port?
1517 lockfiles, open mode, end of line, flushing output, non-blocking input
1519 =item How do I decode encrypted password files?
1521 =item How do I start a process in the background?
1523 STDIN, STDOUT, and STDERR are shared, Signals, Zombies
1525 =item How do I trap control characters/signals?
1527 =item How do I modify the shadow password file on a Unix system?
1529 =item How do I set the time and date?
1531 =item How can I sleep() or alarm() for under a second?
1533 =item How can I measure time under a second?
1535 =item How can I do an atexit() or setjmp()/longjmp()? (Exception handling)
1537 =item Why doesn't my sockets program work under System V (Solaris)? What
1538 does the error message "Protocol not supported" mean?
1540 =item How can I call my system's unique C functions from Perl?
1542 =item Where do I get the include files to do ioctl() or syscall()?
1544 =item Why do setuid perl scripts complain about kernel problems?
1546 =item How can I open a pipe both to and from a command?
1548 =item Why can't I get the output of a command with system()?
1550 =item How can I capture STDERR from an external command?
1552 =item Why doesn't open() return an error when a pipe open fails?
1554 =item What's wrong with using backticks in a void context?
1556 =item How can I call backticks without shell processing?
1558 =item Why can't my script read from STDIN after I gave it EOF (^D on Unix,
1561 =item How can I convert my shell script to perl?
1563 =item Can I use perl to run a telnet or ftp session?
1565 =item How can I write expect in Perl?
1567 =item Is there a way to hide perl's command line from programs such as
1570 =item I {changed directory, modified my environment} in a perl script. How
1571 come the change disappeared when I exited the script? How do I get my
1572 changes to be visible?
1576 =item How do I close a process's filehandle without waiting for it to
1579 =item How do I fork a daemon process?
1581 =item How do I find out if I'm running interactively or not?
1583 =item How do I timeout a slow event?
1585 =item How do I set CPU limits?
1587 =item How do I avoid zombies on a Unix system?
1589 =item How do I use an SQL database?
1591 =item How do I make a system() exit on control-C?
1593 =item How do I open a file without blocking?
1595 =item How do I install a module from CPAN?
1597 =item What's the difference between require and use?
1599 =item How do I keep my own module/library directory?
1601 =item How do I add the directory my program lives in to the module/library
1604 =item How do I add a directory to my include path at runtime?
1606 =item What is socket.ph and where do I get it?
1610 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1614 =head2 perlfaq9 - Networking ($Revision: 1.15 $, $Date: 2003/01/31 17:36:57
1623 =item What is the correct form of response from a CGI script?
1625 =item My CGI script runs from the command line but not the browser. (500
1628 =item How can I get better error messages from a CGI program?
1630 =item How do I remove HTML from a string?
1632 =item How do I extract URLs?
1634 =item How do I download a file from the user's machine? How do I open a
1635 file on another machine?
1637 =item How do I make a pop-up menu in HTML?
1639 =item How do I fetch an HTML file?
1641 =item How do I automate an HTML form submission?
1643 =item How do I decode or create those %-encodings on the web?
1645 =item How do I redirect to another page?
1647 =item How do I put a password on my web pages?
1649 =item How do I edit my .htpasswd and .htgroup files with Perl?
1651 =item How do I make sure users can't enter values into a form that cause my
1652 CGI script to do bad things?
1654 =item How do I parse a mail header?
1656 =item How do I decode a CGI form?
1658 =item How do I check a valid mail address?
1660 =item How do I decode a MIME/BASE64 string?
1662 =item How do I return the user's mail address?
1664 =item How do I send mail?
1666 =item How do I use MIME to make an attachment to a mail message?
1668 =item How do I read mail?
1670 =item How do I find out my hostname/domainname/IP address?
1672 =item How do I fetch a news article or the active newsgroups?
1674 =item How do I fetch/put an FTP file?
1676 =item How can I do RPC in Perl?
1680 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1684 =head2 perlsyn - Perl syntax
1696 =item Simple Statements
1698 =item Compound Statements
1706 =item Basic BLOCKs and Switch Statements
1710 =item PODs: Embedded Documentation
1712 =item Plain Old Comments (Not!)
1718 =head2 perldata - Perl data types
1726 =item Variable names
1732 =item Scalar value constructors
1734 =item List value constructors
1740 =item Typeglobs and Filehandles
1748 =head2 perlop - Perl operators and precedence
1758 =item Terms and List Operators (Leftward)
1760 =item The Arrow Operator
1762 =item Auto-increment and Auto-decrement
1764 =item Exponentiation
1766 =item Symbolic Unary Operators
1768 =item Binding Operators
1770 =item Multiplicative Operators
1772 =item Additive Operators
1774 =item Shift Operators
1776 =item Named Unary Operators
1778 =item Relational Operators
1780 =item Equality Operators
1784 =item Bitwise Or and Exclusive Or
1786 =item C-style Logical And
1788 =item C-style Logical Or
1790 =item C-style Logical Defined-Or
1792 =item Range Operators
1794 =item Conditional Operator
1796 =item Assignment Operators
1798 =item Comma Operator
1800 =item List Operators (Rightward)
1806 =item Logical or, Defined or, and Exclusive Or
1808 =item C Operators Missing From Perl
1810 unary &, unary *, (TYPE)
1812 =item Quote and Quote-like Operators
1814 =item Regexp Quote-Like Operators
1816 ?PATTERN?, m/PATTERN/cgimosx, /PATTERN/cgimosx, q/STRING/, C<'STRING'>,
1817 qq/STRING/, "STRING", qr/STRING/imosx, qx/STRING/, `STRING`, qw/STRING/,
1818 s/PATTERN/REPLACEMENT/egimosx, tr/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds,
1819 y/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds, <<EOF
1821 =item Gory details of parsing quoted constructs
1823 Finding the end, Removal of backslashes before delimiters, Interpolation,
1824 C<<<'EOF'>, C<m''>, C<s'''>, C<tr///>, C<y///>, C<''>, C<q//>, C<"">,
1825 C<``>, C<qq//>, C<qx//>, C<< <file*glob> >>, C<?RE?>, C</RE/>, C<m/RE/>,
1826 C<s/RE/foo/>,, Interpolation of regular expressions, Optimization of
1831 =item Constant Folding
1833 =item Bitwise String Operators
1835 =item Integer Arithmetic
1837 =item Floating-point Arithmetic
1839 =item Bigger Numbers
1845 =head2 perlsub - Perl subroutines
1855 =item Private Variables via my()
1857 =item Persistent Private Variables
1859 =item Temporary Values via local()
1861 =item Lvalue subroutines
1863 Lvalue subroutines are EXPERIMENTAL
1865 =item Passing Symbol Table Entries (typeglobs)
1867 =item When to Still Use local()
1869 =item Pass by Reference
1873 =item Constant Functions
1875 =item Overriding Built-in Functions
1879 =item Subroutine Attributes
1887 =head2 perlfunc - Perl builtin functions
1895 =item Perl Functions by Category
1897 Functions for SCALARs or strings, Regular expressions and pattern matching,
1898 Numeric functions, Functions for real @ARRAYs, Functions for list data,
1899 Functions for real %HASHes, Input and output functions, Functions for fixed
1900 length data or records, Functions for filehandles, files, or directories,
1901 Keywords related to the control flow of your perl program, Keywords related
1902 to scoping, Miscellaneous functions, Functions for processes and process
1903 groups, Keywords related to perl modules, Keywords related to classes and
1904 object-orientedness, Low-level socket functions, System V interprocess
1905 communication functions, Fetching user and group info, Fetching network
1906 info, Time-related functions, Functions new in perl5, Functions obsoleted
1911 =item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions
1913 -I<X> FILEHANDLE, -I<X> EXPR, -I<X>, abs VALUE, abs, accept
1914 NEWSOCKET,GENERICSOCKET, alarm SECONDS, alarm, atan2 Y,X, bind SOCKET,NAME,
1915 binmode FILEHANDLE, LAYER, binmode FILEHANDLE, bless REF,CLASSNAME, bless
1916 REF, caller EXPR, caller, chdir EXPR, chmod LIST, chomp VARIABLE, chomp(
1917 LIST ), chomp, chop VARIABLE, chop( LIST ), chop, chown LIST, chr NUMBER,
1918 chr, chroot FILENAME, chroot, close FILEHANDLE, close, closedir DIRHANDLE,
1919 connect SOCKET,NAME, continue BLOCK, cos EXPR, cos, crypt PLAINTEXT,SALT,
1920 dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MASK, defined EXPR, defined, delete
1921 EXPR, die LIST, do BLOCK, do SUBROUTINE(LIST), do EXPR, dump LABEL, dump,
1922 each HASH, eof FILEHANDLE, eof (), eof, eval EXPR, eval BLOCK, exec LIST,
1923 exec PROGRAM LIST, exists EXPR, exit EXPR, exp EXPR, exp, fcntl
1924 FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, fileno FILEHANDLE, flock FILEHANDLE,OPERATION,
1925 fork, format, formline PICTURE,LIST, getc FILEHANDLE, getc, getlogin,
1926 getpeername SOCKET, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority WHICH,WHO, getpwnam
1927 NAME, getgrnam NAME, gethostbyname NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getprotobyname
1928 NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getservbyname NAME,PROTO, gethostbyaddr
1929 ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER,
1930 getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent, gethostent, getnetent,
1931 getprotoent, getservent, setpwent, setgrent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent
1932 STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent,
1933 endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent, endservent, getsockname SOCKET,
1934 getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, glob, gmtime EXPR, goto LABEL,
1935 goto EXPR, goto &NAME, grep BLOCK LIST, grep EXPR,LIST, hex EXPR, hex,
1936 import, index STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, index STR,SUBSTR, int EXPR, int, ioctl
1937 FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, join EXPR,LIST, keys HASH, kill SIGNAL, LIST,
1938 last LABEL, last, lc EXPR, lc, lcfirst EXPR, lcfirst, length EXPR, length,
1939 link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, listen SOCKET,QUEUESIZE, local EXPR, localtime EXPR,
1940 lock THING, log EXPR, log, lstat EXPR, lstat, m//, map BLOCK LIST, map
1941 EXPR,LIST, mkdir FILENAME,MASK, mkdir FILENAME, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget
1942 KEY,FLAGS, msgrcv ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS, my EXPR, my
1943 TYPE EXPR, my EXPR : ATTRS, my TYPE EXPR : ATTRS, next LABEL, next, no
1944 Module VERSION LIST, no Module VERSION, no Module LIST, no Module, oct
1945 EXPR, oct, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR, open
1946 FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR,LIST, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,REFERENCE, open FILEHANDLE,
1947 opendir DIRHANDLE,EXPR, ord EXPR, ord, our EXPR, our EXPR TYPE, our EXPR :
1948 ATTRS, our TYPE EXPR : ATTRS, pack TEMPLATE,LIST, package NAMESPACE,
1949 package, pipe READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, pop ARRAY, pop, pos SCALAR, pos,
1950 print FILEHANDLE LIST, print LIST, print, printf FILEHANDLE FORMAT, LIST,
1951 printf FORMAT, LIST, prototype FUNCTION, push ARRAY,LIST, q/STRING/,
1952 qq/STRING/, qr/STRING/, qx/STRING/, qw/STRING/, quotemeta EXPR, quotemeta,
1953 rand EXPR, rand, read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, read
1954 FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, readdir DIRHANDLE, readline EXPR, readlink EXPR,
1955 readlink, readpipe EXPR, recv SOCKET,SCALAR,LENGTH,FLAGS, redo LABEL, redo,
1956 ref EXPR, ref, rename OLDNAME,NEWNAME, require VERSION, require EXPR,
1957 require, reset EXPR, reset, return EXPR, return, reverse LIST, rewinddir
1958 DIRHANDLE, rindex STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, rindex STR,SUBSTR, rmdir FILENAME,
1959 rmdir, s///, scalar EXPR, seek FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, seekdir
1960 DIRHANDLE,POS, select FILEHANDLE, select, select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT,
1961 semctl ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, send
1962 SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS,TO, send SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS, setpgrp PID,PGRP, setpriority
1963 WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shift ARRAY,
1964 shift, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS, shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE,
1965 shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, shutdown SOCKET,HOW, sin EXPR, sin, sleep
1966 EXPR, sleep, socket SOCKET,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, socketpair
1967 SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, sort SUBNAME LIST, sort BLOCK LIST,
1968 sort LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,
1969 splice ARRAY,OFFSET, splice ARRAY, split /PATTERN/,EXPR,LIMIT, split
1970 /PATTERN/,EXPR, split /PATTERN/, split, sprintf FORMAT, LIST, format
1971 parameter index, flags, vector flag, (minimum) width, precision, or maximum
1972 width, size, order of arguments, sqrt EXPR, sqrt, srand EXPR, srand, stat
1973 FILEHANDLE, stat EXPR, stat, study SCALAR, study, sub NAME BLOCK, sub NAME
1974 (PROTO) BLOCK, sub NAME : ATTRS BLOCK, sub NAME (PROTO) : ATTRS BLOCK,
1975 substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH,REPLACEMENT, substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH, substr
1976 EXPR,OFFSET, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall NUMBER, LIST, sysopen
1977 FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE, sysopen FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, sysread
1978 FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, sysread FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, sysseek
1979 FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, system LIST, system PROGRAM LIST, syswrite
1980 FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,
1981 syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR, tell FILEHANDLE, tell, telldir DIRHANDLE, tie
1982 VARIABLE,CLASSNAME,LIST, tied VARIABLE, time, times, tr///, truncate
1983 FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, uc EXPR, uc, ucfirst EXPR,
1984 ucfirst, umask EXPR, umask, undef EXPR, undef, unlink LIST, unlink, unpack
1985 TEMPLATE,EXPR, unpack TEMPLATE, untie VARIABLE, unshift ARRAY,LIST, use
1986 Module VERSION LIST, use Module VERSION, use Module LIST, use Module, use
1987 VERSION, utime LIST, values HASH, vec EXPR,OFFSET,BITS, wait, waitpid
1988 PID,FLAGS, wantarray, warn LIST, write FILEHANDLE, write EXPR, write, y///
1994 =head2 perlopentut - tutorial on opening things in Perl
2000 =item Open E<agrave> la shell
2006 =item Indirect Filehandles
2010 =item The Minus File
2012 =item Mixing Reads and Writes
2018 =item Open E<agrave> la C
2022 =item Permissions E<agrave> la mode
2026 =item Obscure Open Tricks
2030 =item Re-Opening Files (dups)
2032 =item Dispelling the Dweomer
2034 =item Paths as Opens
2036 =item Single Argument Open
2038 =item Playing with STDIN and STDOUT
2042 =item Other I/O Issues
2046 =item Opening Non-File Files
2048 =item Opening Named Pipes
2050 =item Opening Sockets
2062 =item AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT
2068 =head2 perlpacktut - tutorial on C<pack> and C<unpack>
2074 =item The Basic Principle
2078 =item Packing Numbers
2084 =item Unpacking a Stack Frame
2086 =item How to Eat an Egg on a Net
2088 =item Floating point Numbers
2092 =item Exotic Templates
2104 =item Another Portable Binary Encoding
2108 =item Template Grouping
2110 =item Lengths and Widths
2114 =item String Lengths
2116 =item Dynamic Templates
2118 =item Counting Repetitions
2122 =item Packing and Unpacking C Structures
2126 =item The Alignment Pit
2128 =item Alignment, Take 2
2130 =item Alignment, Take 3
2132 =item Pointers for How to Use Them
2138 =item Funnies Section
2144 =head2 perlpod - the Plain Old Documentation format
2152 =item Ordinary Paragraph
2154 =item Verbatim Paragraph
2156 =item Command Paragraph
2158 C<=head1 I<Heading Text>>, C<=head2 I<Heading Text>>, C<=head3 I<Heading
2159 Text>>, C<=head4 I<Heading Text>>, C<=over I<indentlevel>>, C<=item
2160 I<stuff...>>, C<=back>, C<=cut>, C<=pod>, C<=begin I<formatname>>, C<=end
2161 I<formatname>>, C<=for I<formatname> I<text...>>, C<=encoding
2164 =item Formatting Codes
2166 C<IE<lt>textE<gt>> -- italic text, C<BE<lt>textE<gt>> -- bold text,
2167 C<CE<lt>codeE<gt>> -- code text, C<LE<lt>nameE<gt>> -- a hyperlink,
2168 C<EE<lt>escapeE<gt>> -- a character escape, C<FE<lt>filenameE<gt>> -- used
2169 for filenames, C<SE<lt>textE<gt>> -- text contains non-breaking spaces,
2170 C<XE<lt>topic nameE<gt>> -- an index entry, C<ZE<lt>E<gt>> -- a null
2171 (zero-effect) formatting code
2175 =item Embedding Pods in Perl Modules
2177 =item Hints for Writing Pod
2187 =head2 perlpodspec - Plain Old Documentation: format specification and
2194 =item Pod Definitions
2198 "=head1", "=head2", "=head3", "=head4", "=pod", "=cut", "=over", "=item",
2199 "=back", "=begin formatname", "=end formatname", "=for formatname text...",
2200 "=encoding encodingname"
2202 =item Pod Formatting Codes
2204 C<IE<lt>textE<gt>> -- italic text, C<BE<lt>textE<gt>> -- bold text,
2205 C<CE<lt>codeE<gt>> -- code text, C<FE<lt>filenameE<gt>> -- style for
2206 filenames, C<XE<lt>topic nameE<gt>> -- an index entry, C<ZE<lt>E<gt>> -- a
2207 null (zero-effect) formatting code, C<LE<lt>nameE<gt>> -- a hyperlink,
2208 C<EE<lt>escapeE<gt>> -- a character escape, C<SE<lt>textE<gt>> -- text
2209 contains non-breaking spaces
2211 =item Notes on Implementing Pod Processors
2213 =item About LE<lt>...E<gt> Codes
2215 First:, Second:, Third:, Fourth:, Fifth:, Sixth:
2217 =item About =over...=back Regions
2219 =item About Data Paragraphs and "=begin/=end" Regions
2227 =head2 perlrun - how to execute the Perl interpreter
2237 =item #! and quoting on non-Unix systems
2239 OS/2, MS-DOS, Win95/NT, Macintosh, VMS
2241 =item Location of Perl
2243 =item Command Switches
2245 B<-0>[I<octal/hexadecimal>], B<-A [I<assertions>]>, B<-a>, B<-C
2246 [I<number/list>]>, B<-c>, B<-d>, B<-d:>I<foo[=bar,baz]>, B<-D>I<letters>,
2247 B<-D>I<number>, B<-e> I<commandline>, B<-F>I<pattern>, B<-h>,
2248 B<-i>[I<extension>], B<-I>I<directory>, B<-l>[I<octnum>],
2249 B<-m>[B<->]I<module>, B<-M>[B<->]I<module>, B<-M>[B<->]I<'module ...'>,
2250 B<-[mM]>[B<->]I<module=arg[,arg]...>, B<-n>, B<-p>, B<-P>, B<-s>, B<-S>,
2251 B<-t>, B<-T>, B<-u>, B<-U>, B<-v>, B<-V>, B<-V:>I<name>, B<-w>, B<-W>,
2252 B<-X>, B<-x> I<directory>
2258 HOME, LOGDIR, PATH, PERL5LIB, PERL5OPT, PERLIO, :bytes, :crlf, :mmap,
2259 :perlio, :pop, :raw, :stdio, :unix, :utf8, :win32, PERLIO_DEBUG, PERLLIB,
2260 PERL5DB, PERL5SHELL (specific to the Win32 port), PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS,
2261 PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL, PERL_ENCODING, PERL_HASH_SEED, PERL_HASH_SEED_DEBUG,
2262 PERL_ROOT (specific to the VMS port), PERL_SIGNALS, PERL_UNICODE, SYS$LOGIN
2263 (specific to the VMS port)
2267 =head2 perldiag - various Perl diagnostics
2275 =head2 perllexwarn - Perl Lexical Warnings
2283 =item Default Warnings and Optional Warnings
2285 =item What's wrong with B<-w> and C<$^W>
2287 =item Controlling Warnings from the Command Line
2291 =item Backward Compatibility
2293 =item Category Hierarchy
2295 =item Fatal Warnings
2297 =item Reporting Warnings from a Module
2309 =head2 perldebug - Perl debugging
2315 =item The Perl Debugger
2319 =item Debugger Commands
2321 h, h [command], h h, p expr, x [maxdepth] expr, V [pkg [vars]], X [vars], y
2322 [level [vars]], T, s [expr], n [expr], r, <CR>, c [line|sub], l, l
2323 min+incr, l min-max, l line, l subname, -, v [line], f filename, /pattern/,
2324 ?pattern?, L [abw], S [[!]regex], t, t expr, b, b [line] [condition], b
2325 subname [condition], b postpone subname [condition], b load filename, b
2326 compile subname, B line, B *, a [line] command, A line, A *, w expr, W
2327 expr, W *, o, o booloption .., o anyoption? .., o option=value .., < ?, < [
2328 command ], < *, << command, > ?, > command, > *, >> command, { ?, { [
2329 command ], { *, {{ command, ! number, ! -number, ! pattern, !! cmd, source
2330 file, H -number, q or ^D, R, |dbcmd, ||dbcmd, command, m expr, M, man
2333 =item Configurable Options
2335 C<recallCommand>, C<ShellBang>, C<pager>, C<tkRunning>, C<signalLevel>,
2336 C<warnLevel>, C<dieLevel>, C<AutoTrace>, C<LineInfo>, C<inhibit_exit>,
2337 C<PrintRet>, C<ornaments>, C<frame>, C<maxTraceLen>, C<windowSize>,
2338 C<arrayDepth>, C<hashDepth>, C<dumpDepth>, C<compactDump>, C<veryCompact>,
2339 C<globPrint>, C<DumpDBFiles>, C<DumpPackages>, C<DumpReused>, C<quote>,
2340 C<HighBit>, C<undefPrint>, C<UsageOnly>, C<TTY>, C<noTTY>, C<ReadLine>,
2343 =item Debugger input/output
2345 Prompt, Multiline commands, Stack backtrace, Line Listing Format, Frame
2348 =item Debugging compile-time statements
2350 =item Debugger Customization
2352 =item Readline Support
2354 =item Editor Support for Debugging
2356 =item The Perl Profiler
2360 =item Debugging regular expressions
2362 =item Debugging memory usage
2370 =head2 perlvar - Perl predefined variables
2378 =item Predefined Names
2380 $ARG, $_, $a, $b, $<I<digits>>, $MATCH, $&, $PREMATCH, $`, $POSTMATCH, $',
2381 $LAST_PAREN_MATCH, $+, $^N, @LAST_MATCH_END, @+,
2382 HANDLE->input_line_number(EXPR), $INPUT_LINE_NUMBER, $NR, $,
2383 IO::Handle->input_record_separator(EXPR), $INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $RS, $/,
2384 HANDLE->autoflush(EXPR), $OUTPUT_AUTOFLUSH, $|,
2385 IO::Handle->output_field_separator EXPR, $OUTPUT_FIELD_SEPARATOR, $OFS, $,,
2386 IO::Handle->output_record_separator EXPR, $OUTPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $ORS,
2387 $\, $LIST_SEPARATOR, $", $SUBSCRIPT_SEPARATOR, $SUBSEP, $;, $#,
2388 HANDLE->format_page_number(EXPR), $FORMAT_PAGE_NUMBER, $%,
2389 HANDLE->format_lines_per_page(EXPR), $FORMAT_LINES_PER_PAGE, $=,
2390 HANDLE->format_lines_left(EXPR), $FORMAT_LINES_LEFT, $-, @LAST_MATCH_START,
2391 @-, C<$`> is the same as C<substr($var, 0, $-[0])>, C<$&> is the same as
2392 C<substr($var, $-[0], $+[0] - $-[0])>, C<$'> is the same as C<substr($var,
2393 $+[0])>, C<$1> is the same as C<substr($var, $-[1], $+[1] - $-[1])>, C<$2>
2394 is the same as C<substr($var, $-[2], $+[2] - $-[2])>, C<$3> is the same as
2395 C<substr $var, $-[3], $+[3] - $-[3])>, HANDLE->format_name(EXPR),
2396 $FORMAT_NAME, $~, HANDLE->format_top_name(EXPR), $FORMAT_TOP_NAME, $^,
2397 IO::Handle->format_line_break_characters EXPR,
2398 $FORMAT_LINE_BREAK_CHARACTERS, $:, IO::Handle->format_formfeed EXPR,
2399 $FORMAT_FORMFEED, $^L, $ACCUMULATOR, $^A, $CHILD_ERROR, $?, ${^ENCODING},
2400 $OS_ERROR, $ERRNO, $!, %!, $EXTENDED_OS_ERROR, $^E, $EVAL_ERROR, $@,
2401 $PROCESS_ID, $PID, $$, $REAL_USER_ID, $UID, $<, $EFFECTIVE_USER_ID, $EUID,
2402 $>, $REAL_GROUP_ID, $GID, $(, $EFFECTIVE_GROUP_ID, $EGID, $),
2403 $PROGRAM_NAME, $0, $[, $], $COMPILING, $^C, $DEBUGGING, $^D,
2404 $SYSTEM_FD_MAX, $^F, $^H, %^H, $INPLACE_EDIT, $^I, $^M, $OSNAME, $^O,
2405 ${^OPEN}, $PERLDB, $^P, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80,
2406 0x100, 0x200, 0x400, $LAST_REGEXP_CODE_RESULT, $^R,
2407 $EXCEPTIONS_BEING_CAUGHT, $^S, $BASETIME, $^T, ${^TAINT}, ${^UNICODE},
2408 $PERL_VERSION, $^V, $WARNING, $^W, ${^WARNING_BITS}, $EXECUTABLE_NAME, $^X,
2409 ARGV, $ARGV, @ARGV, ARGVOUT, @F, @INC, @_, %INC, %ENV, $ENV{expr}, %SIG,
2412 =item Error Indicators
2414 =item Technical Note on the Syntax of Variable Names
2422 =head2 perlre - Perl regular expressions
2432 =item Regular Expressions
2434 [1], [2], [3], cntrl, graph, print, punct, xdigit
2436 =item Extended Patterns
2438 C<(?#text)>, C<(?imsx-imsx)>, C<(?:pattern)>, C<(?imsx-imsx:pattern)>,
2439 C<(?=pattern)>, C<(?!pattern)>, C<(?<=pattern)>, C<(?<!pattern)>, C<(?{
2440 code })>, C<(??{ code })>, C<< (?>pattern) >>,
2441 C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)>, C<(?(condition)yes-pattern)>
2445 =item Version 8 Regular Expressions
2447 =item Warning on \1 vs $1
2449 =item Repeated patterns matching zero-length substring
2451 =item Combining pieces together
2453 C<ST>, C<S|T>, C<S{REPEAT_COUNT}>, C<S{min,max}>, C<S{min,max}?>, C<S?>,
2454 C<S*>, C<S+>, C<S??>, C<S*?>, C<S+?>, C<< (?>S) >>, C<(?=S)>, C<(?<=S)>,
2455 C<(?!S)>, C<(?<!S)>, C<(??{ EXPR })>,
2456 C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)>
2458 =item Creating custom RE engines
2468 =head2 perlreref - Perl Regular Expressions Reference
2480 =item ESCAPE SEQUENCES
2482 =item CHARACTER CLASSES
2488 =item EXTENDED CONSTRUCTS
2506 =head2 perlref - Perl references and nested data structures
2516 =item Making References
2518 =item Using References
2520 =item Symbolic references
2522 =item Not-so-symbolic references
2524 =item Pseudo-hashes: Using an array as a hash
2526 =item Function Templates
2536 =head2 perlform - Perl formats
2544 =item Format Variables
2554 =item Accessing Formatting Internals
2562 =head2 perlobj - Perl objects
2570 =item An Object is Simply a Reference
2572 =item A Class is Simply a Package
2574 =item A Method is Simply a Subroutine
2576 =item Method Invocation
2578 =item Indirect Object Syntax
2580 =item Default UNIVERSAL methods
2582 isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] )
2588 =item Two-Phased Garbage Collection
2596 =head2 perltie - how to hide an object class in a simple variable
2608 TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, UNTIE this,
2613 TIEARRAY classname, LIST, FETCH this, index, STORE this, index, value,
2614 FETCHSIZE this, STORESIZE this, count, EXTEND this, count, EXISTS this,
2615 key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, PUSH this, LIST, POP this, SHIFT this,
2616 UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST, UNTIE this, DESTROY
2621 USER, HOME, CLOBBER, LIST, TIEHASH classname, LIST, FETCH this, key, STORE
2622 this, key, value, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, EXISTS this, key, FIRSTKEY
2623 this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, UNTIE this, DESTROY this
2625 =item Tying FileHandles
2627 TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, WRITE this, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this,
2628 LIST, READ this, LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, CLOSE this, UNTIE this,
2633 =item The C<untie> Gotcha
2645 =head2 perldbmfilter - Perl DBM Filters
2653 B<filter_store_key>, B<filter_store_value>, B<filter_fetch_key>,
2654 B<filter_fetch_value>
2660 =item An Example -- the NULL termination problem.
2662 =item Another Example -- Key is a C int.
2672 =head2 perlipc - Perl interprocess communication (signals, fifos, pipes,
2673 safe subprocesses, sockets, and semaphores)
2683 =item Handling the SIGHUP Signal in Daemons
2691 =item Deferred Signals (Safe Signals)
2693 Long running opcodes, Interrupting IO, Restartable system calls, Signals as
2694 "faults", Signals triggered by operating system state
2698 =item Using open() for IPC
2704 =item Background Processes
2706 =item Complete Dissociation of Child from Parent
2708 =item Safe Pipe Opens
2710 =item Bidirectional Communication with Another Process
2712 =item Bidirectional Communication with Yourself
2716 =item Sockets: Client/Server Communication
2720 =item Internet Line Terminators
2722 =item Internet TCP Clients and Servers
2724 =item Unix-Domain TCP Clients and Servers
2728 =item TCP Clients with IO::Socket
2732 =item A Simple Client
2734 C<Proto>, C<PeerAddr>, C<PeerPort>
2736 =item A Webget Client
2738 =item Interactive Client with IO::Socket
2742 =item TCP Servers with IO::Socket
2744 Proto, LocalPort, Listen, Reuse
2746 =item UDP: Message Passing
2760 =head2 perlfork - Perl's fork() emulation
2770 =item Behavior of other Perl features in forked pseudo-processes
2772 $$ or $PROCESS_ID, %ENV, chdir() and all other builtins that accept
2773 filenames, wait() and waitpid(), kill(), exec(), exit(), Open handles to
2774 files, directories and network sockets
2776 =item Resource limits
2778 =item Killing the parent process
2780 =item Lifetime of the parent process and pseudo-processes
2782 =item CAVEATS AND LIMITATIONS
2784 BEGIN blocks, Open filehandles, Forking pipe open() not yet implemented,
2785 Global state maintained by XSUBs, Interpreter embedded in larger
2786 application, Thread-safety of extensions
2798 =head2 perlnumber - semantics of numbers and numeric operations in Perl
2806 =item Storing numbers
2808 =item Numeric operators and numeric conversions
2810 =item Flavors of Perl numeric operations
2812 Arithmetic operators, ++, Arithmetic operators during C<use integer>, Other
2813 mathematical operators, Bitwise operators, Bitwise operators during C<use
2814 integer>, Operators which expect an integer, Operators which expect a
2823 =head2 perlthrtut - tutorial on threads in Perl
2831 =item What Is A Thread Anyway?
2833 =item Threaded Program Models
2845 =item What kind of threads are Perl threads?
2847 =item Thread-Safe Modules
2853 =item Basic Thread Support
2855 =item A Note about the Examples
2857 =item Creating Threads
2859 =item Waiting For A Thread To Exit
2861 =item Ignoring A Thread
2865 =item Threads And Data
2869 =item Shared And Unshared Data
2871 =item Thread Pitfalls: Races
2875 =item Synchronization and control
2879 =item Controlling access: lock()
2881 =item A Thread Pitfall: Deadlocks
2883 =item Queues: Passing Data Around
2885 =item Semaphores: Synchronizing Data Access
2887 =item Basic semaphores
2889 =item Advanced Semaphores
2891 =item cond_wait() and cond_signal()
2893 =item Giving up control
2897 =item General Thread Utility Routines
2901 =item What Thread Am I In?
2905 =item Are These Threads The Same?
2907 =item What Threads Are Running?
2911 =item A Complete Example
2913 =item Different implementations of threads
2915 =item Performance considerations
2917 =item Process-scope Changes
2919 =item Thread-Safety of System Libraries
2927 =item Introductory Texts
2929 =item OS-Related References
2931 =item Other References
2935 =item Acknowledgements
2943 =head2 perlothrtut - old tutorial on threads in Perl
2949 =item What Is A Thread Anyway?
2951 =item Threaded Program Models
2963 =item Native threads
2965 =item What kind of threads are perl threads?
2967 =item Threadsafe Modules
2973 =item Basic Thread Support
2975 =item Creating Threads
2977 =item Giving up control
2979 =item Waiting For A Thread To Exit
2981 =item Errors In Threads
2983 =item Ignoring A Thread
2987 =item Threads And Data
2991 =item Shared And Unshared Data
2993 =item Thread Pitfall: Races
2995 =item Controlling access: lock()
2997 =item Thread Pitfall: Deadlocks
2999 =item Queues: Passing Data Around
3003 =item Threads And Code
3007 =item Semaphores: Synchronizing Data Access
3009 Basic semaphores, Advanced Semaphores
3011 =item Attributes: Restricting Access To Subroutines
3013 =item Subroutine Locks
3017 =item Locking A Subroutine
3021 =item General Thread Utility Routines
3025 =item What Thread Am I In?
3029 =item Are These Threads The Same?
3031 =item What Threads Are Running?
3035 =item A Complete Example
3043 =item Introductory Texts
3045 =item OS-Related References
3047 =item Other References
3051 =item Acknowledgements
3059 =head2 perlport - Writing portable Perl
3065 Not all Perl programs have to be portable, Nearly all of Perl already I<is>
3074 =item Numbers endianness and Width
3076 =item Files and Filesystems
3078 =item System Interaction
3080 =item Command names versus file pathnames
3084 =item Interprocess Communication (IPC)
3086 =item External Subroutines (XS)
3088 =item Standard Modules
3092 =item Character sets and character encoding
3094 =item Internationalisation
3096 =item System Resources
3106 Mailing list: cpan-testers@perl.org, Testing results:
3107 http://testers.cpan.org/
3115 =item DOS and Derivatives
3123 =item EBCDIC Platforms
3131 =item FUNCTION IMPLEMENTATIONS
3135 =item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions
3137 -I<X> FILEHANDLE, -I<X> EXPR, -I<X>, alarm SECONDS, alarm, binmode
3138 FILEHANDLE, chmod LIST, chown LIST, chroot FILENAME, chroot, crypt
3139 PLAINTEXT,SALT, dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MODE, dump LABEL, exec
3140 LIST, exit EXPR, exit, fcntl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, flock
3141 FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, fork, getlogin, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority
3142 WHICH,WHO, getpwnam NAME, getgrnam NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getpwuid UID,
3143 getgrgid GID, getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER,
3144 getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent, gethostbyname, gethostent,
3145 getnetent, getprotoent, getservent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent
3146 STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent,
3147 endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent, endservent, getsockopt
3148 SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, glob, ioctl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR,
3149 kill SIGNAL, LIST, link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, lstat FILEHANDLE, lstat EXPR,
3150 lstat, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget KEY,FLAGS, msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS, msgrcv
3151 ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE, pipe
3152 READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, readlink EXPR, readlink, select
3153 RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, semctl ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget
3154 KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, setgrent, setpgrp PID,PGRP,
3155 setpriority WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setpwent, setsockopt
3156 SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS,
3157 shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE, shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, sockatmark SOCKET,
3158 socketpair SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, stat FILEHANDLE, stat
3159 EXPR, stat, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen
3160 FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, system LIST, times, truncate
3161 FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, umask EXPR, umask, utime LIST,
3162 wait, waitpid PID,FLAGS
3168 v1.49, 12 August 2002, v1.48, 02 February 2001, v1.47, 22 March 2000,
3169 v1.46, 12 February 2000, v1.45, 20 December 1999, v1.44, 19 July 1999,
3170 v1.43, 24 May 1999, v1.42, 22 May 1999, v1.41, 19 May 1999, v1.40, 11 April
3171 1999, v1.39, 11 February 1999, v1.38, 31 December 1998, v1.37, 19 December
3172 1998, v1.36, 9 September 1998, v1.35, 13 August 1998, v1.33, 06 August
3173 1998, v1.32, 05 August 1998, v1.30, 03 August 1998, v1.23, 10 July 1998
3175 =item Supported Platforms
3179 =item AUTHORS / CONTRIBUTORS
3183 =head2 perllocale - Perl locale handling (internationalization and
3190 =item PREPARING TO USE LOCALES
3196 =item The use locale pragma
3198 =item The setlocale function
3200 =item Finding locales
3202 =item LOCALE PROBLEMS
3204 =item Temporarily fixing locale problems
3206 =item Permanently fixing locale problems
3208 =item Permanently fixing your system's locale configuration
3210 =item Fixing system locale configuration
3212 =item The localeconv function
3214 =item I18N::Langinfo
3218 =item LOCALE CATEGORIES
3222 =item Category LC_COLLATE: Collation
3224 =item Category LC_CTYPE: Character Types
3226 =item Category LC_NUMERIC: Numeric Formatting
3228 =item Category LC_MONETARY: Formatting of monetary amounts
3232 =item Other categories
3240 PERL_BADLANG, LC_ALL, LANGUAGE, LC_CTYPE, LC_COLLATE, LC_MONETARY,
3241 LC_NUMERIC, LC_TIME, LANG
3247 =item Backward compatibility
3249 =item I18N:Collate obsolete
3251 =item Sort speed and memory use impacts
3253 =item write() and LC_NUMERIC
3255 =item Freely available locale definitions
3259 =item An imperfect standard
3263 =item Unicode and UTF-8
3269 =item Broken systems
3279 =head2 perluniintro - Perl Unicode introduction
3289 =item Perl's Unicode Support
3291 =item Perl's Unicode Model
3293 =item Unicode and EBCDIC
3295 =item Creating Unicode
3297 =item Handling Unicode
3299 =item Legacy Encodings
3303 =item Displaying Unicode As Text
3307 =item Advanced Topics
3311 =item Questions With Answers
3313 =item Hexadecimal Notation
3315 =item Further Resources
3319 =item UNICODE IN OLDER PERLS
3323 =item ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
3325 =item AUTHOR, COPYRIGHT, AND LICENSE
3329 =head2 perlunicode - Unicode support in Perl
3337 =item Important Caveats
3339 Input and Output Layers, Regular Expressions, C<use utf8> still needed to
3340 enable UTF-8/UTF-EBCDIC in scripts
3342 =item Byte and Character Semantics
3344 =item Effects of Character Semantics
3350 =item User-Defined Character Properties
3352 =item Character Encodings for Input and Output
3354 =item Unicode Regular Expression Support Level
3356 =item Unicode Encodings
3358 =item Security Implications of Unicode
3360 =item Unicode in Perl on EBCDIC
3364 =item When Unicode Does Not Happen
3366 =item Forcing Unicode in Perl (Or Unforcing Unicode in Perl)
3368 =item Using Unicode in XS
3376 =item Interaction with Locales
3378 =item Interaction with Extensions
3382 =item Porting code from perl-5.6.X
3390 =head2 perlebcdic - Considerations for running Perl on EBCDIC platforms
3396 =item COMMON CHARACTER CODE SETS
3404 =item Latin 1 (ISO 8859-1)
3408 =item 13 variant characters
3416 =item Unicode code points versus EBCDIC code points
3418 =item Remaining Perl Unicode problems in EBCDIC
3420 =item Unicode and UTF
3426 =item SINGLE OCTET TABLES
3428 recipe 0, recipe 1, recipe 2, recipe 3, recipe 4, recipe 5, recipe 6
3430 =item IDENTIFYING CHARACTER CODE SETS
3444 =item OPERATOR DIFFERENCES
3446 =item FUNCTION DIFFERENCES
3448 chr(), ord(), pack(), print(), printf(), sort(), sprintf(), unpack()
3450 =item REGULAR EXPRESSION DIFFERENCES
3458 =item Ignore ASCII vs. EBCDIC sort differences.
3460 =item MONO CASE then sort data.
3462 =item Convert, sort data, then re convert.
3464 =item Perform sorting on one type of machine only.
3468 =item TRANSFORMATION FORMATS
3472 =item URL decoding and encoding
3474 =item uu encoding and decoding
3476 =item Quoted-Printable encoding and decoding
3478 =item Caesarian ciphers
3482 =item Hashing order and checksums
3486 =item MULTI OCTET CHARACTER SETS
3498 chcp, dataset access, OS/390, z/OS iconv, locales
3518 =head2 perlsec - Perl security
3526 =item Laundering and Detecting Tainted Data
3528 =item Switches On the "#!" Line
3530 =item Cleaning Up Your Path
3534 =item Protecting Your Programs
3538 =item Algorithmic Complexity Attacks
3546 =head2 perlmod - Perl modules (packages and symbol tables)
3558 =item Package Constructors and Destructors
3564 =item Making your module threadsafe
3572 =head2 perlmodlib - constructing new Perl modules and finding existing ones
3576 =item THE PERL MODULE LIBRARY
3580 =item Pragmatic Modules
3582 assertions, assertions::activate, attributes, attrs, autouse, base, bigint,
3583 bignum, bigrat, blib, bytes, charnames, constant, diagnostics, encoding,
3584 fields, filetest, if, integer, less, lib, locale, open, ops, overload, re,
3585 sigtrap, sort, strict, subs, threads, threads::shared, utf8, vars, version,
3586 vmsish, warnings, warnings::register
3588 =item Standard Modules
3590 AnyDBM_File, Attribute::Handlers, AutoLoader, AutoSplit, B, B::Asmdata,
3591 B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Concise, B::Debug,
3592 B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex, B::Stackobj, B::Stash,
3593 B::Terse, B::Xref, Benchmark, ByteLoader, CGI, CGI::Apache, CGI::Carp,
3594 CGI::Cookie, CGI::Fast, CGI::Pretty, CGI::Push, CGI::Switch, CGI::Util,
3595 CPAN, CPAN::FirstTime, CPAN::Nox, Carp, Carp::Heavy, Class::ISA,
3596 Class::Struct, Config, Cwd, DB, DB_File, Data::Dumper, Devel::DProf,
3597 Devel::PPPort, Devel::Peek, Devel::SelfStubber, Digest, Digest::MD5,
3598 DirHandle, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, Encode, Encode::Alias, Encode::Byte,
3599 Encode::CJKConstants, Encode::CN, Encode::CN::HZ, Encode::Config,
3600 Encode::EBCDIC, Encode::Encoder, Encode::Encoding, Encode::Guess,
3601 Encode::JP, Encode::JP::H2Z, Encode::JP::JIS7, Encode::KR,
3602 Encode::KR::2022_KR, Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::PerlIO,
3603 Encode::Supported, Encode::Symbol, Encode::TW, Encode::Unicode,
3604 Encode::Unicode::UTF7, English, Env, Errno, Exporter, Exporter::Heavy,
3605 ExtUtils::Command, ExtUtils::Command::MM, ExtUtils::Constant,
3606 ExtUtils::Embed, ExtUtils::Install, ExtUtils::Installed, ExtUtils::Liblist,
3607 ExtUtils::MM, ExtUtils::MM_Any, ExtUtils::MM_BeOS, ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin,
3608 ExtUtils::MM_DOS, ExtUtils::MM_MacOS, ExtUtils::MM_NW5, ExtUtils::MM_OS2,
3609 ExtUtils::MM_UWIN, ExtUtils::MM_Unix, ExtUtils::MM_VMS, ExtUtils::MM_Win32,
3610 ExtUtils::MM_Win95, ExtUtils::MY, ExtUtils::MakeMaker,
3611 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::FAQ, ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Tutorial,
3612 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::bytes, ExtUtils::MakeMaker::vmsish,
3613 ExtUtils::Manifest, ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap, ExtUtils::Mksymlists,
3614 ExtUtils::Packlist, ExtUtils::testlib, Fatal, Fcntl, File::Basename,
3615 File::CheckTree, File::Compare, File::Copy, File::DosGlob, File::Find,
3616 File::Glob, File::Path, File::Spec, File::Spec::Cygwin, File::Spec::Epoc,
3617 File::Spec::Functions, File::Spec::Mac, File::Spec::OS2, File::Spec::Unix,
3618 File::Spec::VMS, File::Spec::Win32, File::Temp, File::stat, FileCache,
3619 FileHandle, Filter::Simple, Filter::Util::Call, FindBin, GDBM_File,
3620 Getopt::Long, Getopt::Std, Hash::Util, I18N::Collate, I18N::LangTags,
3621 I18N::LangTags::List, I18N::Langinfo, IO, IO::Dir, IO::File, IO::Handle,
3622 IO::Pipe, IO::Poll, IO::Seekable, IO::Select, IO::Socket, IO::Socket::INET,
3623 IO::Socket::UNIX, IPC::Open2, IPC::Open3, IPC::SysV, IPC::SysV::Msg,
3624 IPC::SysV::Semaphore, List::Util, Locale::Constants, Locale::Country,
3625 Locale::Currency, Locale::Language, Locale::Maketext,
3626 Locale::Maketext::TPJ13, Locale::Script, MIME::Base64,
3627 MIME::Base64::QuotedPrint, Math::BigFloat, Math::BigInt,
3628 Math::BigInt::Calc, Math::BigInt::Scalar, Math::BigRat, Math::Complex,
3629 Math::Trig, Memoize, Memoize::AnyDBM_File, Memoize::Expire,
3630 Memoize::ExpireFile, Memoize::ExpireTest, Memoize::NDBM_File,
3631 Memoize::SDBM_File, Memoize::Storable, NDBM_File, NEXT, Net::Cmd,
3632 Net::Config, Net::Domain, Net::FTP, Net::NNTP, Net::Netrc, Net::POP3,
3633 Net::Ping, Net::SMTP, Net::Time, Net::hostent, Net::libnetFAQ, Net::netent,
3634 Net::protoent, Net::servent, O, ODBM_File, Opcode, POSIX, PerlIO,
3635 PerlIO::encoding, PerlIO::scalar, PerlIO::via, PerlIO::via::QuotedPrint,
3636 Pod::Checker, Pod::Find, Pod::Functions, Pod::Html, Pod::InputObjects,
3637 Pod::LaTeX, Pod::Man, Pod::ParseLink, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Parser,
3638 Pod::Perldoc::ToChecker, Pod::Perldoc::ToMan, Pod::Perldoc::ToNroff,
3639 Pod::Perldoc::ToPod, Pod::Perldoc::ToRtf, Pod::Perldoc::ToText,
3640 Pod::Perldoc::ToTk, Pod::Perldoc::ToXml, Pod::PlainText, Pod::Plainer,
3641 Pod::Select, Pod::Text, Pod::Text::Color, Pod::Text::Overstrike,
3642 Pod::Text::Termcap, Pod::Usage, SDBM_File, Safe, Scalar::Util,
3643 Search::Dict, SelectSaver, SelfLoader, Shell, Socket, Storable, Switch,
3644 Symbol, Sys::Hostname, Sys::Syslog, Term::ANSIColor, Term::Cap,
3645 Term::Complete, Term::ReadLine, Test, Test::Builder, Test::Harness,
3646 Test::Harness::Assert, Test::Harness::Iterator, Test::Harness::Straps,
3647 Test::More, Test::Simple, Test::Tutorial, Text::Abbrev, Text::Balanced,
3648 Text::ParseWords, Text::Soundex, Text::Tabs, Text::Wrap, Thread,
3649 Thread::Queue, Thread::Semaphore, Thread::Signal, Thread::Specific,
3650 Tie::Array, Tie::File, Tie::Handle, Tie::Hash, Tie::Memoize, Tie::RefHash,
3651 Tie::Scalar, Tie::SubstrHash, Time::HiRes, Time::Local, Time::gmtime,
3652 Time::localtime, Time::tm, UNIVERSAL, Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Normalize,
3653 Unicode::UCD, User::grent, User::pwent, Win32, XS::APItest, XS::Typemap,
3656 =item Extension Modules
3670 China, Indonesia, Israel, Japan, Malaysia, Russian Federation, Saudi
3671 Arabia, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand
3673 =item Central America
3679 Austria, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech
3680 Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary,
3681 Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
3682 Portugal, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
3683 Turkey, Ukraine, United Kingdom
3687 Canada, Alberta, Manitoba, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Mexico, United States,
3688 Alabama, California, Colorado, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida,
3689 Indiana, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Michigan, Nevada, New Jersey, New York,
3690 North Carolina, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Texas, Utah,
3691 Virginia, Washington, Wisconsin
3695 Australia, New Zealand, United States
3699 Argentina, Brazil, Chile
3705 =item Modules: Creation, Use, and Abuse
3709 =item Guidelines for Module Creation
3711 =item Guidelines for Converting Perl 4 Library Scripts into Modules
3713 =item Guidelines for Reusing Application Code
3721 =head2 perlmodstyle - Perl module style guide
3727 =item QUICK CHECKLIST
3731 =item Before you start
3739 =item Release considerations
3743 =item BEFORE YOU START WRITING A MODULE
3747 =item Has it been done before?
3749 =item Do one thing and do it well
3751 =item What's in a name?
3755 =item DESIGNING AND WRITING YOUR MODULE
3759 =item To OO or not to OO?
3761 =item Designing your API
3763 Write simple routines to do simple things, Separate functionality from
3764 output, Provide sensible shortcuts and defaults, Naming conventions,
3767 =item Strictness and warnings
3769 =item Backwards compatibility
3771 =item Error handling and messages
3775 =item DOCUMENTING YOUR MODULE
3781 =item README, INSTALL, release notes, changelogs
3783 perl Makefile.PL, make, make test, make install, perl Build.PL, perl Build,
3784 perl Build test, perl Build install
3788 =item RELEASE CONSIDERATIONS
3792 =item Version numbering
3794 =item Pre-requisites
3804 =item COMMON PITFALLS
3808 =item Reinventing the wheel
3810 =item Trying to do too much
3812 =item Inappropriate documentation
3818 L<perlstyle>, L<perlnewmod>, L<perlpod>, L<podchecker>, Packaging Tools,
3819 Testing tools, http://pause.perl.org/, Any good book on software
3826 =head2 perlmodinstall - Installing CPAN Modules
3836 B<DECOMPRESS> the file, B<UNPACK> the file into a directory, B<BUILD> the
3837 module (sometimes unnecessary), B<INSTALL> the module
3851 =head2 perlnewmod - preparing a new module for distribution
3861 =item What should I make into a module?
3863 =item Step-by-step: Preparing the ground
3865 Look around, Check it's new, Discuss the need, Choose a name, Check again
3867 =item Step-by-step: Making the module
3869 Start with F<h2xs>, Use L<strict|strict> and L<warnings|warnings>, Use
3870 L<Carp|Carp>, Use L<Exporter|Exporter> - wisely!, Use L<plain old
3871 documentation|perlpod>, Write tests, Write the README
3873 =item Step-by-step: Distributing your module
3875 Get a CPAN user ID, C<perl Makefile.PL; make test; make dist>, Upload the
3876 tarball, Announce to the modules list, Announce to clpa, Fix bugs!
3886 =head2 perlutil - utilities packaged with the Perl distribution
3896 L<perldoc|perldoc>, L<pod2man|pod2man> and L<pod2text|pod2text>,
3897 L<pod2html|pod2html> and L<pod2latex|pod2latex>, L<pod2usage|pod2usage>,
3898 L<podselect|podselect>, L<podchecker|podchecker>, L<splain|splain>,
3899 L<roffitall|roffitall>
3903 L<a2p|a2p>, L<s2p|s2p>, L<find2perl|find2perl>
3905 =item Administration
3907 L<libnetcfg|libnetcfg>
3911 L<perlbug|perlbug>, L<h2ph|h2ph>, L<c2ph|c2ph> and L<pstruct|pstruct>,
3912 L<h2xs|h2xs>, L<dprofpp|dprofpp>, L<perlcc|perlcc>
3920 =head2 perlcompile - Introduction to the Perl Compiler-Translator
3930 B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Lint, B::Deparse, B::Xref
3934 =item Using The Back Ends
3938 =item The Cross Referencing Back End
3942 =item The Decompiling Back End
3944 =item The Lint Back End
3946 =item The Simple C Back End
3948 =item The Bytecode Back End
3950 =item The Optimized C Back End
3954 =item Module List for the Compiler Suite
3956 B, O, B::Asmdata, B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC,
3957 B::Concise, B::Debug, B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex,
3958 B::Stackobj, B::Stash, B::Terse, B::Xref
3960 =item KNOWN PROBLEMS
3966 =head2 perlfilter - Source Filters
3976 =item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER
3978 =item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN C
3980 B<Decryption Filters>
3982 =item CREATING A SOURCE FILTER AS A SEPARATE EXECUTABLE
3984 =item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN PERL
3986 =item USING CONTEXT: THE DEBUG FILTER
3990 =item THINGS TO LOOK OUT FOR
3992 Some Filters Clobber the C<DATA> Handle
4002 =head2 perlembed - how to embed perl in your C program
4012 B<Use C from Perl?>, B<Use a Unix program from Perl?>, B<Use Perl from
4013 Perl?>, B<Use C from C?>, B<Use Perl from C?>
4017 =item Compiling your C program
4019 =item Adding a Perl interpreter to your C program
4021 =item Calling a Perl subroutine from your C program
4023 =item Evaluating a Perl statement from your C program
4025 =item Performing Perl pattern matches and substitutions from your C program
4027 =item Fiddling with the Perl stack from your C program
4029 =item Maintaining a persistent interpreter
4031 =item Execution of END blocks
4033 =item Maintaining multiple interpreter instances
4035 =item Using Perl modules, which themselves use C libraries, from your C
4040 =item Embedding Perl under Win32
4052 =head2 perldebguts - Guts of Perl debugging
4058 =item Debugger Internals
4062 =item Writing Your Own Debugger
4066 =item Frame Listing Output Examples
4068 =item Debugging regular expressions
4072 =item Compile-time output
4074 C<anchored> I<STRING> C<at> I<POS>, C<floating> I<STRING> C<at>
4075 I<POS1..POS2>, C<matching floating/anchored>, C<minlen>, C<stclass>
4076 I<TYPE>, C<noscan>, C<isall>, C<GPOS>, C<plus>, C<implicit>, C<with eval>,
4079 =item Types of nodes
4081 =item Run-time output
4085 =item Debugging Perl memory usage
4089 =item Using C<$ENV{PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS}>
4091 C<buckets SMALLEST(APPROX)..GREATEST(APPROX)>, Free/Used, C<Total sbrk():
4092 SBRKed/SBRKs:CONTINUOUS>, C<pad: 0>, C<heads: 2192>, C<chain: 0>, C<tail:
4095 =item Example of using B<-DL> switch
4097 C<717>, C<002>, C<054>, C<602>, C<702>, C<704>
4099 =item B<-DL> details
4103 =item Limitations of B<-DL> statistics
4111 =head2 perlxstut, perlXStut - Tutorial for writing XSUBs
4123 =item Version caveat
4125 =item Dynamic Loading versus Static Loading
4137 =item What has gone on?
4139 =item Writing good test scripts
4143 =item What's new here?
4145 =item Input and Output Parameters
4147 =item The XSUBPP Program
4149 =item The TYPEMAP file
4151 =item Warning about Output Arguments
4155 =item What has happened here?
4157 =item Anatomy of .xs file
4159 =item Getting the fat out of XSUBs
4161 =item More about XSUB arguments
4163 =item The Argument Stack
4165 =item Extending your Extension
4167 =item Documenting your Extension
4169 =item Installing your Extension
4173 =item New Things in this Example
4177 =item New Things in this Example
4179 =item EXAMPLE 7 (Coming Soon)
4181 =item EXAMPLE 8 (Coming Soon)
4183 =item EXAMPLE 9 Passing open files to XSes
4185 =item Troubleshooting these Examples
4201 =head2 perlxs - XS language reference manual
4213 =item The Anatomy of an XSUB
4215 =item The Argument Stack
4217 =item The RETVAL Variable
4219 =item The MODULE Keyword
4221 =item The PACKAGE Keyword
4223 =item The PREFIX Keyword
4225 =item The OUTPUT: Keyword
4227 =item The NO_OUTPUT Keyword
4229 =item The CODE: Keyword
4231 =item The INIT: Keyword
4233 =item The NO_INIT Keyword
4235 =item Initializing Function Parameters
4237 =item Default Parameter Values
4239 =item The PREINIT: Keyword
4241 =item The SCOPE: Keyword
4243 =item The INPUT: Keyword
4245 =item The IN/OUTLIST/IN_OUTLIST/OUT/IN_OUT Keywords
4247 =item The C<length(NAME)> Keyword
4249 =item Variable-length Parameter Lists
4251 =item The C_ARGS: Keyword
4253 =item The PPCODE: Keyword
4255 =item Returning Undef And Empty Lists
4257 =item The REQUIRE: Keyword
4259 =item The CLEANUP: Keyword
4261 =item The POSTCALL: Keyword
4263 =item The BOOT: Keyword
4265 =item The VERSIONCHECK: Keyword
4267 =item The PROTOTYPES: Keyword
4269 =item The PROTOTYPE: Keyword
4271 =item The ALIAS: Keyword
4273 =item The OVERLOAD: Keyword
4275 =item The FALLBACK: Keyword
4277 =item The INTERFACE: Keyword
4279 =item The INTERFACE_MACRO: Keyword
4281 =item The INCLUDE: Keyword
4283 =item The CASE: Keyword
4285 =item The & Unary Operator
4287 =item Inserting POD, Comments and C Preprocessor Directives
4289 =item Using XS With C++
4291 =item Interface Strategy
4293 =item Perl Objects And C Structures
4297 =item Safely Storing Static Data in XS
4299 MY_CXT_KEY, typedef my_cxt_t, START_MY_CXT, MY_CXT_INIT, dMY_CXT, MY_CXT
4311 =head2 perlclib - Internal replacements for standard C library functions
4321 C<t>, C<p>, C<n>, C<s>
4323 =item File Operations
4325 =item File Input and Output
4327 =item File Positioning
4329 =item Memory Management and String Handling
4331 =item Character Class Tests
4333 =item F<stdlib.h> functions
4335 =item Miscellaneous functions
4343 =head2 perlguts - Introduction to the Perl API
4355 =item What is an "IV"?
4357 =item Working with SVs
4361 =item What's Really Stored in an SV?
4363 =item Working with AVs
4365 =item Working with HVs
4367 =item Hash API Extensions
4369 =item AVs, HVs and undefined values
4373 =item Blessed References and Class Objects
4375 =item Creating New Variables
4377 GV_ADDMULTI, GV_ADDWARN
4379 =item Reference Counts and Mortality
4381 =item Stashes and Globs
4383 =item Double-Typed SVs
4385 =item Magic Variables
4387 =item Assigning Magic
4389 =item Magic Virtual Tables
4393 =item Understanding the Magic of Tied Hashes and Arrays
4395 =item Localizing changes
4397 C<SAVEINT(int i)>, C<SAVEIV(IV i)>, C<SAVEI32(I32 i)>, C<SAVELONG(long i)>,
4398 C<SAVESPTR(s)>, C<SAVEPPTR(p)>, C<SAVEFREESV(SV *sv)>, C<SAVEMORTALIZESV(SV
4399 *sv)>, C<SAVEFREEOP(OP *op)>, C<SAVEFREEPV(p)>, C<SAVECLEARSV(SV *sv)>,
4400 C<SAVEDELETE(HV *hv, char *key, I32 length)>,
4401 C<SAVEDESTRUCTOR(DESTRUCTORFUNC_NOCONTEXT_t f, void *p)>,
4402 C<SAVEDESTRUCTOR_X(DESTRUCTORFUNC_t f, void *p)>, C<SAVESTACK_POS()>, C<SV*
4403 save_scalar(GV *gv)>, C<AV* save_ary(GV *gv)>, C<HV* save_hash(GV *gv)>,
4404 C<void save_item(SV *item)>, C<void save_list(SV **sarg, I32 maxsarg)>,
4405 C<SV* save_svref(SV **sptr)>, C<void save_aptr(AV **aptr)>, C<void
4406 save_hptr(HV **hptr)>
4414 =item XSUBs and the Argument Stack
4416 =item Calling Perl Routines from within C Programs
4418 =item Memory Allocation
4422 =item Putting a C value on Perl stack
4426 =item Scratchpads and recursion
4436 =item Examining the tree
4438 =item Compile pass 1: check routines
4440 =item Compile pass 1a: constant folding
4442 =item Compile pass 2: context propagation
4444 =item Compile pass 3: peephole optimization
4446 =item Pluggable runops
4450 =item Examining internal data structures with the C<dump> functions
4452 =item How multiple interpreters and concurrency are supported
4456 =item Background and PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
4458 =item So what happened to dTHR?
4460 =item How do I use all this in extensions?
4462 =item Should I do anything special if I call perl from multiple threads?
4464 =item Future Plans and PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
4468 =item Internal Functions
4470 A, p, d, s, n, r, f, M, o, j, x
4474 =item Formatted Printing of IVs, UVs, and NVs
4476 =item Pointer-To-Integer and Integer-To-Pointer
4478 =item Source Documentation
4482 =item Unicode Support
4486 =item What B<is> Unicode, anyway?
4488 =item How can I recognise a UTF-8 string?
4490 =item How does UTF-8 represent Unicode characters?
4492 =item How does Perl store UTF-8 strings?
4494 =item How do I convert a string to UTF-8?
4496 =item Is there anything else I need to know?
4500 =item Custom Operators
4508 =head2 perlcall - Perl calling conventions from C
4514 An Error Handler, An Event Driven Program
4516 =item THE CALL_ FUNCTIONS
4518 call_sv, call_pv, call_method, call_argv
4538 =item Determining the Context
4542 =item KNOWN PROBLEMS
4548 =item No Parameters, Nothing returned
4550 =item Passing Parameters
4552 =item Returning a Scalar
4554 =item Returning a list of values
4556 =item Returning a list in a scalar context
4558 =item Returning Data from Perl via the parameter list
4562 =item Using G_KEEPERR
4566 =item Using call_argv
4568 =item Using call_method
4572 =item Using Perl to dispose of temporaries
4574 =item Strategies for storing Callback Context Information
4576 1. Ignore the problem - Allow only 1 callback, 2. Create a sequence of
4577 callbacks - hard wired limit, 3. Use a parameter to map to the Perl
4580 =item Alternate Stack Manipulation
4582 =item Creating and calling an anonymous subroutine in C
4594 =head2 perlapi - autogenerated documentation for the perl public API
4600 =item "Gimme" Values
4602 GIMME, GIMME_V, G_ARRAY, G_DISCARD, G_EVAL, G_NOARGS, G_SCALAR, G_VOID
4604 =item Array Manipulation Functions
4606 AvFILL, av_clear, av_delete, av_exists, av_extend, av_fetch, av_fill,
4607 av_len, av_make, av_pop, av_push, av_shift, av_store, av_undef, av_unshift,
4608 get_av, newAV, Nullav, sortsv
4610 =item Callback Functions
4612 call_argv, call_method, call_pv, call_sv, ENTER, eval_pv, eval_sv,
4613 FREETMPS, LEAVE, SAVETMPS
4615 =item Character classes
4617 isALNUM, isALPHA, isDIGIT, isLOWER, isSPACE, isUPPER, toLOWER, toUPPER
4619 =item Cloning an interpreter
4623 =item CV Manipulation Functions
4625 CvSTASH, get_cv, Nullcv
4627 =item Embedding Functions
4629 cv_undef, load_module, nothreadhook, perl_alloc, perl_construct,
4630 perl_destruct, perl_free, perl_parse, perl_run, require_pv
4632 =item Functions in file pp_pack.c
4634 packlist, pack_cat, unpackstring, unpack_str
4636 =item Global Variables
4638 PL_modglobal, PL_na, PL_sv_no, PL_sv_undef, PL_sv_yes
4642 GvSV, gv_fetchmeth, gv_fetchmethod, gv_fetchmethod_autoload,
4643 gv_fetchmeth_autoload, gv_stashpv, gv_stashsv
4647 HEf_SVKEY, Nullch, Nullsv
4649 =item Hash Manipulation Functions
4651 get_hv, HeHASH, HeKEY, HeKLEN, HePV, HeSVKEY, HeSVKEY_force, HeSVKEY_set,
4652 HeVAL, HvNAME, hv_clear, hv_delete, hv_delete_ent, hv_exists,
4653 hv_exists_ent, hv_fetch, hv_fetch_ent, hv_iterinit, hv_iterkey,
4654 hv_iterkeysv, hv_iternext, hv_iternextsv, hv_iternext_flags, hv_iterval,
4655 hv_magic, hv_store, hv_store_ent, hv_undef, newHV, Nullhv
4657 =item Magical Functions
4659 mg_clear, mg_copy, mg_find, mg_free, mg_get, mg_length, mg_magical, mg_set,
4660 SvGETMAGIC, SvLOCK, SvSETMAGIC, SvSetMagicSV, SvSetMagicSV_nosteal,
4661 SvSetSV, SvSetSV_nosteal, SvSHARE
4663 =item Memory Management
4665 Copy, Move, New, Newc, NEWSV, Newz, Poison, Renew, Renewc, Safefree,
4666 savepv, savepvn, savesharedpv, StructCopy, Zero
4668 =item Miscellaneous Functions
4670 fbm_compile, fbm_instr, form, getcwd_sv, new_version, scan_version, strEQ,
4671 strGE, strGT, strLE, strLT, strNE, strnEQ, strnNE, sv_nolocking,
4672 sv_nosharing, sv_nounlocking, upg_version, vcmp, vnumify, vstringify
4674 =item Numeric functions
4676 grok_bin, grok_hex, grok_number, grok_numeric_radix, grok_oct, scan_bin,
4679 =item Optree Manipulation Functions
4681 cv_const_sv, newCONSTSUB, newXS
4683 =item Pad Data Structures
4687 =item Stack Manipulation Macros
4689 dMARK, dORIGMARK, dSP, EXTEND, MARK, ORIGMARK, POPi, POPl, POPn, POPp,
4690 POPpbytex, POPpx, POPs, PUSHi, PUSHMARK, PUSHn, PUSHp, PUSHs, PUSHu,
4691 PUTBACK, SP, SPAGAIN, XPUSHi, XPUSHn, XPUSHp, XPUSHs, XPUSHu, XSRETURN,
4692 XSRETURN_IV, XSRETURN_NO, XSRETURN_NV, XSRETURN_PV, XSRETURN_UNDEF,
4693 XSRETURN_UV, XSRETURN_YES, XST_mIV, XST_mNO, XST_mNV, XST_mPV, XST_mUNDEF,
4698 svtype, SVt_IV, SVt_NV, SVt_PV, SVt_PVAV, SVt_PVCV, SVt_PVHV, SVt_PVMG
4700 =item SV Manipulation Functions
4702 get_sv, looks_like_number, newRV_inc, newRV_noinc, newSV, newSViv, newSVnv,
4703 newSVpv, newSVpvf, newSVpvn, newSVpvn_share, newSVrv, newSVsv, newSVuv,
4704 SvCUR, SvCUR_set, SvEND, SvGROW, SvIOK, SvIOKp, SvIOK_notUV, SvIOK_off,
4705 SvIOK_on, SvIOK_only, SvIOK_only_UV, SvIOK_UV, SvIsCOW,
4706 SvIsCOW_shared_hash, SvIV, SvIVX, SvIVx, SvLEN, SvNIOK, SvNIOKp,
4707 SvNIOK_off, SvNOK, SvNOKp, SvNOK_off, SvNOK_on, SvNOK_only, SvNV, SvNVx,
4708 SvNVX, SvOK, SvOOK, SvPOK, SvPOKp, SvPOK_off, SvPOK_on, SvPOK_only,
4709 SvPOK_only_UTF8, SvPV, SvPVbyte, SvPVbytex, SvPVbytex_force,
4710 SvPVbyte_force, SvPVbyte_nolen, SvPVutf8, SvPVutf8x, SvPVutf8x_force,
4711 SvPVutf8_force, SvPVutf8_nolen, SvPVX, SvPVx, SvPV_force, SvPV_force_nomg,
4712 SvPV_nolen, SvREFCNT, SvREFCNT_dec, SvREFCNT_inc, SvROK, SvROK_off,
4713 SvROK_on, SvRV, SvSTASH, SvTAINT, SvTAINTED, SvTAINTED_off, SvTAINTED_on,
4714 SvTRUE, SvTYPE, SvUNLOCK, SvUOK, SvUPGRADE, SvUTF8, SvUTF8_off, SvUTF8_on,
4715 SvUV, SvUVX, SvUVx, SvVOK, sv_2bool, sv_2cv, sv_2io, sv_2iv, sv_2mortal,
4716 sv_2nv, sv_2pvbyte, sv_2pvbyte_nolen, sv_2pvutf8, sv_2pvutf8_nolen,
4717 sv_2pv_flags, sv_2pv_nolen, sv_2uv, sv_backoff, sv_bless, sv_catpv,
4718 sv_catpvf, sv_catpvf_mg, sv_catpvn, sv_catpvn_flags, sv_catpvn_mg,
4719 sv_catpv_mg, sv_catsv, sv_catsv_flags, sv_catsv_mg, sv_chop, sv_clear,
4720 sv_cmp, sv_cmp_locale, sv_collxfrm, sv_copypv, sv_dec, sv_derived_from,
4721 sv_eq, sv_force_normal, sv_force_normal_flags, sv_free, sv_gets, sv_grow,
4722 sv_inc, sv_insert, sv_isa, sv_isobject, sv_iv, sv_len, sv_len_utf8,
4723 sv_magic, sv_magicext, sv_mortalcopy, sv_newmortal, sv_newref, sv_nv,
4724 sv_pos_b2u, sv_pos_u2b, sv_pv, sv_pvbyte, sv_pvbyten, sv_pvbyten_force,
4725 sv_pvn, sv_pvn_force, sv_pvn_force_flags, sv_pvutf8, sv_pvutf8n,
4726 sv_pvutf8n_force, sv_reftype, sv_replace, sv_report_used, sv_reset,
4727 sv_rvweaken, sv_setiv, sv_setiv_mg, sv_setnv, sv_setnv_mg, sv_setpv,
4728 sv_setpvf, sv_setpvf_mg, sv_setpviv, sv_setpviv_mg, sv_setpvn,
4729 sv_setpvn_mg, sv_setpv_mg, sv_setref_iv, sv_setref_nv, sv_setref_pv,
4730 sv_setref_pvn, sv_setref_uv, sv_setsv, sv_setsv_flags, sv_setsv_mg,
4731 sv_setuv, sv_setuv_mg, sv_taint, sv_tainted, sv_true, sv_unmagic, sv_unref,
4732 sv_unref_flags, sv_untaint, sv_upgrade, sv_usepvn, sv_usepvn_mg,
4733 sv_utf8_decode, sv_utf8_downgrade, sv_utf8_encode, sv_utf8_upgrade,
4734 sv_utf8_upgrade_flags, sv_uv, sv_vcatpvfn, sv_vsetpvfn
4736 =item Unicode Support
4738 bytes_from_utf8, bytes_to_utf8, ibcmp_utf8, is_utf8_char, is_utf8_string,
4739 is_utf8_string_loc, pv_uni_display, sv_cat_decode, sv_recode_to_utf8,
4740 sv_uni_display, to_utf8_case, to_utf8_fold, to_utf8_lower, to_utf8_title,
4741 to_utf8_upper, utf8n_to_uvchr, utf8n_to_uvuni, utf8_distance, utf8_hop,
4742 utf8_length, utf8_to_bytes, utf8_to_uvchr, utf8_to_uvuni, uvchr_to_utf8,
4745 =item Variables created by C<xsubpp> and C<xsubpp> internal functions
4747 ax, CLASS, dAX, dITEMS, dXSARGS, dXSI32, items, ix, newXSproto, RETVAL, ST,
4748 THIS, XS, XSRETURN_EMPTY, XS_VERSION, XS_VERSION_BOOTCHECK
4750 =item Warning and Dieing
4760 =head2 perlintern - autogenerated documentation of purely B<internal>
4767 =item CV reference counts and CvOUTSIDE
4771 =item Functions in file pad.h
4773 CX_CURPAD_SAVE, CX_CURPAD_SV, PAD_BASE_SV, PAD_CLONE_VARS,
4774 PAD_COMPNAME_FLAGS, PAD_COMPNAME_GEN, PAD_COMPNAME_OURSTASH,
4775 PAD_COMPNAME_PV, PAD_COMPNAME_TYPE, PAD_DUP, PAD_RESTORE_LOCAL,
4776 PAD_SAVE_LOCAL, PAD_SAVE_SETNULLPAD, PAD_SETSV, PAD_SET_CUR, PAD_SV,
4777 PAD_SVl, SAVECLEARSV, SAVECOMPPAD, SAVEPADSV
4779 =item Functions in file pp_ctl.c
4783 =item Global Variables
4785 PL_DBsingle, PL_DBsub, PL_DBtrace, PL_dowarn, PL_last_in_gv, PL_ofs_sv,
4796 =item Pad Data Structures
4798 CvPADLIST, cv_clone, cv_dump, do_dump_pad, intro_my, pad_add_anon,
4799 pad_add_name, pad_alloc, pad_block_start, pad_check_dup, pad_findlex,
4800 pad_findmy, pad_fixup_inner_anons, pad_free, pad_leavemy, pad_new,
4801 pad_push, pad_reset, pad_setsv, pad_swipe, pad_tidy, pad_undef
4803 =item Stack Manipulation Macros
4807 =item SV Manipulation Functions
4809 report_uninit, sv_add_arena, sv_clean_all, sv_clean_objs, sv_free_arenas
4817 =head2 perliol - C API for Perl's implementation of IO in Layers.
4827 =item History and Background
4829 =item Layers vs Disciplines
4831 =item Data Structures
4833 =item Functions and Attributes
4835 =item Per-instance Data
4837 =item Layers in action.
4839 =item Per-instance flag bits
4841 PERLIO_F_EOF, PERLIO_F_CANWRITE, PERLIO_F_CANREAD, PERLIO_F_ERROR,
4842 PERLIO_F_TRUNCATE, PERLIO_F_APPEND, PERLIO_F_CRLF, PERLIO_F_UTF8,
4843 PERLIO_F_UNBUF, PERLIO_F_WRBUF, PERLIO_F_RDBUF, PERLIO_F_LINEBUF,
4844 PERLIO_F_TEMP, PERLIO_F_OPEN, PERLIO_F_FASTGETS
4846 =item Methods in Detail
4848 fsize, name, size, kind, PERLIO_K_BUFFERED, PERLIO_K_RAW, PERLIO_K_CANCRLF,
4849 PERLIO_K_FASTGETS, PERLIO_K_MULTIARG, Pushed, Popped, Open, Binmode,
4850 Getarg, Fileno, Dup, Read, Write, Seek, Tell, Close, Flush, Fill, Eof,
4851 Error, Clearerr, Setlinebuf, Get_base, Get_bufsiz, Get_ptr, Get_cnt,
4854 =item Implementing PerlIO Layers
4856 C implementations, Perl implementations
4860 "unix", "perlio", "stdio", "crlf", "mmap", "pending", "raw", "utf8"
4862 =item Extension Layers
4864 ":encoding", ":scalar", ":via"
4872 =head2 perlapio - perl's IO abstraction interface.
4880 1. USE_STDIO, 2. USE_SFIO, 3. USE_PERLIO, B<PerlIO_stdin()>,
4881 B<PerlIO_stdout()>, B<PerlIO_stderr()>, B<PerlIO_open(path, mode)>,
4882 B<PerlIO_fdopen(fd,mode)>, B<PerlIO_reopen(path,mode,f)>,
4883 B<PerlIO_printf(f,fmt,...)>, B<PerlIO_vprintf(f,fmt,a)>,
4884 B<PerlIO_stdoutf(fmt,...)>, B<PerlIO_read(f,buf,count)>,
4885 B<PerlIO_write(f,buf,count)>, B<PerlIO_close(f)>, B<PerlIO_puts(f,s)>,
4886 B<PerlIO_putc(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_ungetc(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_getc(f)>,
4887 B<PerlIO_eof(f)>, B<PerlIO_error(f)>, B<PerlIO_fileno(f)>,
4888 B<PerlIO_clearerr(f)>, B<PerlIO_flush(f)>, B<PerlIO_seek(f,offset,whence)>,
4889 B<PerlIO_tell(f)>, B<PerlIO_getpos(f,p)>, B<PerlIO_setpos(f,p)>,
4890 B<PerlIO_rewind(f)>, B<PerlIO_tmpfile()>, B<PerlIO_setlinebuf(f)>
4894 =item Co-existence with stdio
4896 B<PerlIO_importFILE(f,mode)>, B<PerlIO_exportFILE(f,mode)>,
4897 B<PerlIO_releaseFILE(p,f)>, B<PerlIO_findFILE(f)>
4899 =item "Fast gets" Functions
4901 B<PerlIO_fast_gets(f)>, B<PerlIO_has_cntptr(f)>, B<PerlIO_get_cnt(f)>,
4902 B<PerlIO_get_ptr(f)>, B<PerlIO_set_ptrcnt(f,p,c)>, B<PerlIO_canset_cnt(f)>,
4903 B<PerlIO_set_cnt(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_has_base(f)>, B<PerlIO_get_base(f)>,
4904 B<PerlIO_get_bufsiz(f)>
4906 =item Other Functions
4908 PerlIO_apply_layers(f,mode,layers), PerlIO_binmode(f,ptype,imode,layers),
4909 'E<lt>' read, 'E<gt>' write, '+' read/write, PerlIO_debug(fmt,...)
4915 =head2 perlhack - How to hack at the Perl internals
4921 Does concept match the general goals of Perl?, Where is the
4922 implementation?, Backwards compatibility, Could it be a module instead?, Is
4923 the feature generic enough?, Does it potentially introduce new bugs?, Does
4924 it preclude other desirable features?, Is the implementation robust?, Is
4925 the implementation generic enough to be portable?, Is the implementation
4926 tested?, Is there enough documentation?, Is there another way to do it?,
4927 Does it create too much work?, Patches speak louder than words
4931 =item Keeping in sync
4933 rsync'ing the source tree, Using rsync over the LAN, Using pushing over the
4934 NFS, rsync'ing the patches
4936 =item Why rsync the source tree
4938 It's easier to rsync the source tree, It's more reliable
4940 =item Why rsync the patches
4942 It's easier to rsync the patches, It's a good reference, Finding a start
4943 point, Finding how to fix a bug, Finding the source of misbehaviour
4945 =item Perlbug administration
4947 =item Submitting patches
4949 L<perlguts>, L<perlxstut> and L<perlxs>, L<perlapi>,
4950 F<Porting/pumpkin.pod>, The perl5-porters FAQ
4952 =item Finding Your Way Around
4954 Core modules, Tests, Documentation, Configure, Interpreter
4956 =item Elements of the interpreter
4958 Startup, Parsing, Optimization, Running
4960 =item Internal Variable Types
4966 Argument stack, Mark stack, Save stack
4968 =item Millions of Macros
4970 =item The .i Targets
4972 =item Poking at Perl
4974 =item Using a source-level debugger
4976 run [args], break function_name, break source.c:xxx, step, next, continue,
4977 finish, 'enter', print
4979 =item gdb macro support
4981 =item Dumping Perl Data Structures
4985 =item Patching a core module
4987 =item Adding a new function to the core
4989 =item Writing a test
4991 F<t/base/>, F<t/cmd/>, F<t/comp/>, F<t/io/>, F<t/lib/>, F<t/op/>,
4992 F<t/pod/>, F<t/run/>, F<t/uni/>, F<t/win32/>, F<t/x2p>, t/base t/comp,
4993 t/cmd t/run t/io t/op, t/lib ext lib
4995 =item Special Make Test Targets
4997 coretest, test.deparse, minitest, test.valgrind check.valgrind
4998 utest.valgrind ucheck.valgrind, test.third check.third utest.third
4999 ucheck.third, test.torture torturetest, utest ucheck test.utf8 check.utf8,
5002 =item Running tests by hand
5004 PERL_CORE=1, PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL=2, PERL, PERL_SKIP_TTY_TEST
5008 =item EXTERNAL TOOLS FOR DEBUGGING PERL
5012 =item Rational Software's Purify
5014 =item Purify on Unix
5016 -Accflags=-DPURIFY, -Doptimize='-g', -Uusemymalloc, -Dusemultiplicity
5020 DEFINES, USE_MULTI = define, #PERL_MALLOC = define, CFG = Debug
5024 =item Compaq's/Digital's/HP's Third Degree
5026 =item PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL
5030 =item Gprof Profiling
5032 -a, -b, -e routine, -f routine, -s, -z
5034 =item GCC gcov Profiling
5036 =item Pixie Profiling
5038 -h, -l, -p[rocedures], -h[eavy], -i[nvocations], -l[ines], -testcoverage,
5041 =item Miscellaneous tricks
5045 I<The Road goes ever on and on, down from the door where it began.>
5053 =head2 perlbook - Perl book information
5061 =head2 perltodo - Perl TO-DO List
5067 =item To do during 5.6.x
5071 =item Support for I/O disciplines
5073 =item Autoload bytes.pm
5075 =item Make "\u{XXXX}" et al work
5077 =item Create a char *sv_pvprintify(sv, STRLEN *lenp, UV flags)
5079 =item Overloadable regex assertions
5083 =item Work out exit/die semantics for threads
5085 =item Better support for nonpreemptive threading systems like GNU pth
5087 =item Typed lexicals for compiler
5089 =item Compiler workarounds for Win32
5091 =item AUTOLOADing in the compiler
5093 =item Fixing comppadlist when compiling
5095 =item Cleaning up exported namespace
5097 =item Complete signal handling
5099 =item Out-of-source builds
5101 =item POSIX realtime support
5103 =item UNIX98 support
5107 =item Long double conversion
5111 =item Arithmetic on non-Arabic numerals
5113 =item POSIX Unicode character classes
5115 =item Factoring out common suffices/prefices in regexps (trie optimization)
5117 =item Security audit shipped utilities
5119 =item Sort out the uid-setting mess
5121 =item Custom opcodes
5123 =item DLL Versioning
5125 =item Introduce @( and @)
5127 =item Floating point handling
5129 =item IV/UV preservation
5131 =item Replace pod2html with something using Pod::Parser
5133 =item Automate module testing on CPAN
5135 =item sendmsg and recvmsg
5137 =item Rewrite perlre documentation
5139 =item Convert example code to IO::Handle filehandles
5141 =item Document Win32 choices
5143 =item Check new modules
5145 =item Make roffitall find pods and libs itself
5149 =item To do at some point
5153 =item Remove regular expression recursion
5155 =item Memory leaks after failed eval
5157 =item bitfields in pack
5159 =item Cross compilation
5161 =item Perl preprocessor / macros
5163 =item Perl lexer in Perl
5165 =item Using POSIX calls internally
5167 =item -i rename file when changed
5169 =item All ARGV input should act like E<lt>E<gt>
5171 =item Support for rerunning debugger
5173 =item Test Suite for the Debugger
5175 =item my sub foo { }
5177 =item One-pass global destruction
5179 =item Rewrite regexp parser
5181 =item Cache recently used regexps
5183 =item Cross-compilation support
5185 =item Bit-shifting bitvectors
5187 =item debugger pragma
5189 =item use less pragma
5191 =item switch structures
5193 =item Cache eval tree
5197 =item Shrink opcode tables
5199 =item Optimize away @_
5201 =item Prototypes versus indirect objects
5205 =item Prototype method calls
5207 =item Return context prototype declarations
5211 =item Garbage collection
5215 =item Rewrite perldoc
5217 =item Install .3p manpages
5219 =item Unicode tutorial
5221 =item Update POSIX.pm for 1003.1-2
5223 =item Retargetable installation
5225 =item POSIX emulation on non-POSIX systems
5227 =item Rename Win32 headers
5229 =item Finish off lvalue functions
5231 =item Update sprintf documentation
5233 =item Use fchown/fchmod internally
5235 =item Make v-strings overloaded objects
5237 =item Allow restricted hash assignment
5239 =item Should overload be inheritable?
5243 =item Perform correctly when XSUBs call subroutines that exit via
5244 goto(LABEL) and friends
5252 =item ref() in list context
5254 =item Make tr/// return histogram of characters in list context
5256 =item Compile to real threaded code
5258 =item Structured types
5260 =item Modifiable $1 et al.
5262 =item Procedural interfaces for IO::*, etc.
5266 =item Attach/detach debugger from running program
5270 =item foreach(reverse ...)
5272 =item Constant function cache
5274 =item Approximate regular expression matching
5282 =item Update guts documentation
5284 =item Add more tests
5286 =item Update auxiliary tools
5288 =item Create debugging macros
5290 =item truncate to the people
5292 =item Unicode in Filenames
5296 =item Unicode in %ENV
5298 =item Recently done things
5302 =item Alternative RE syntax module
5304 =item Safe signal handling
5310 =item setitimer and getimiter
5312 =item Testing __DIE__ hook
5314 =item CPP equivalent in Perl
5316 =item Explicit switch statements
5324 =item perlcc to produce executable
5326 =item END blocks saved in compiled output
5328 =item Secure temporary file module
5330 =item Integrate Time::HiRes
5332 =item Turn Cwd into XS
5334 =item Mmap for input
5336 =item Byte to/from UTF-8 and UTF-8 to/from local conversion
5338 =item Add sockatmark support
5340 =item Mailing list archives
5344 =item Integrate MacPerl
5346 =item Web "nerve center" for Perl
5348 =item Regular expression tutorial
5350 =item Debugging Tutorial
5352 =item Integrate new modules
5354 =item Integrate profiler
5356 =item Y2K error detection
5358 =item Regular expression debugger
5362 =item "Dynamic" lexicals
5364 =item Cache precompiled modules
5368 =item Deprecated Wishes
5372 =item Loop control on do{}
5374 =item Lexically scoped typeglobs
5380 =item Generalised want()/caller())
5382 =item Named prototypes
5384 =item Built-in globbing
5386 =item Regression tests for suidperl
5388 =item Cached hash values
5390 =item Add compression modules
5392 =item Reorganise documentation into tutorials/references
5394 =item Remove distinction between functions and operators
5396 =item Make XS easier to use
5398 =item Make embedding easier to use
5402 =item my $Package::variable
5404 =item "or" tests defined, not truth
5406 =item "class"-based lexicals
5410 =item Lazy evaluation / tail recursion removal
5412 =item Make "use utf8" the default
5414 =item Unicode collation and normalization
5416 =item pack/unpack tutorial
5422 =head2 perldoc - Look up Perl documentation in Pod format.
5432 B<-h>, B<-v>, B<-t>, B<-u>, B<-m> I<module>, B<-l>, B<-F>, B<-f>
5433 I<perlfunc>, B<-q> I<perlfaq-search-regexp>, B<-T>, B<-d>
5434 I<destination-filename>, B<-o> I<output-formatname>, B<-M> I<module-name>,
5435 B<-w> I<option:value> or B<-w> I<option>, B<-X>,
5436 B<PageName|ModuleName|ProgramName>, B<-n> I<some-formatter>, B<-r>, B<-i>,
5447 =head2 perlhist - the Perl history records
5455 =item THE KEEPERS OF THE PUMPKIN
5467 =item SELECTED RELEASE SIZES
5469 =item SELECTED PATCH SIZES
5473 =item THE KEEPERS OF THE RECORDS
5477 =head2 perldelta - what is new for perl v5.9.0
5483 =item Incompatible Changes
5487 =item The C<$*> variable has been removed
5491 =item Core Enhancements
5495 =item Tied Arrays with Negative Array Indices
5499 =item Modules and Pragmata
5501 =item Utility Changes
5503 =item New Documentation
5505 =item Performance Enhancements
5507 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
5509 =item Selected Bug Fixes
5511 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
5513 =item Changed Internals
5517 =item Known Problems
5519 =item Platform Specific Problems
5521 =item Reporting Bugs
5527 =head2 perl58delta, perldelta - what is new for perl v5.8.0
5533 =item Highlights In 5.8.0
5535 =item Incompatible Changes
5539 =item Binary Incompatibility
5541 =item 64-bit platforms and malloc
5543 =item AIX Dynaloading
5545 =item Attributes for C<my> variables now handled at run-time
5547 =item Socket Extension Dynamic in VMS
5549 =item IEEE-format Floating Point Default on OpenVMS Alpha
5551 =item New Unicode Semantics (no more C<use utf8>, almost)
5553 =item New Unicode Properties
5555 =item REF(...) Instead Of SCALAR(...)
5557 =item pack/unpack D/F recycled
5559 =item glob() now returns filenames in alphabetical order
5565 =item Core Enhancements
5569 =item Unicode Overhaul
5571 =item PerlIO is Now The Default
5575 =item Restricted Hashes
5579 =item Understanding of Numbers
5581 =item Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings [561]
5583 =item Miscellaneous Changes
5587 =item Modules and Pragmata
5591 =item New Modules and Pragmata
5593 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
5597 =item Utility Changes
5599 =item New Documentation
5601 =item Performance Enhancements
5603 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
5607 =item Generic Improvements
5609 =item New Or Improved Platforms
5613 =item Selected Bug Fixes
5617 =item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
5621 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
5623 =item Changed Internals
5625 =item Security Vulnerability Closed [561]
5629 =item Known Problems
5633 =item The Compiler Suite Is Still Very Experimental
5635 =item Localising Tied Arrays and Hashes Is Broken
5637 =item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
5639 =item Modifying $_ Inside for(..)
5641 =item mod_perl 1.26 Doesn't Build With Threaded Perl
5643 =item lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
5645 =item libwww-perl (LWP) fails base/date #51
5647 =item PDL failing some tests
5651 =item Self-tying Problems
5653 =item ext/threads/t/libc
5655 =item Failure of Thread (5.005-style) tests
5657 =item Timing problems
5659 =item Tied/Magical Array/Hash Elements Do Not Autovivify
5661 =item Unicode in package/class and subroutine names does not work
5665 =item Platform Specific Problems
5671 =item Alpha systems with old gccs fail several tests
5677 =item Cygwin "unable to remap"
5679 =item Cygwin ndbm tests fail on FAT
5681 =item DJGPP Failures
5683 =item FreeBSD built with ithreads coredumps reading large directories
5685 =item FreeBSD Failing locale Test 117 For ISO 8859-15 Locales
5687 =item IRIX fails ext/List/Util/t/shuffle.t or Digest::MD5
5689 =item HP-UX lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails When LP64-Configured
5691 =item Linux with glibc 2.2.5 fails t/op/int subtest #6 with -Duse64bitint
5693 =item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
5697 =item Mac OS X dyld undefined symbols
5699 =item OS/2 Test Failures
5701 =item op/sprintf tests 91, 129, and 130
5707 =item Solaris x86 Fails Tests With -Duse64bitint
5709 =item SUPER-UX (NEC SX)
5711 =item Term::ReadKey not working on Win32
5723 =item XML::Parser not working
5727 =item Unicode Support on EBCDIC Still Spotty
5729 =item Seen In Perl 5.7 But Gone Now
5733 =item Reporting Bugs
5741 =head2 perl573delta - what's new for perl v5.7.3
5749 =item Reporting Bugs
5757 =head2 perl572delta - what's new for perl v5.7.2
5763 =item Security Vulnerability Closed
5765 =item Incompatible Changes
5769 =item 64-bit platforms and malloc
5771 =item AIX Dynaloading
5773 =item Socket Extension Dynamic in VMS
5775 =item Different Definition of the Unicode Character Classes \p{In...}
5781 =item Core Enhancements
5783 =item Modules and Pragmata
5787 =item New Modules and Distributions
5789 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
5793 =item Utility Changes
5795 =item New Documentation
5797 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
5801 =item New Or Improved Platforms
5803 =item Generic Improvements
5807 =item Selected Bug Fixes
5811 =item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
5815 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
5817 =item Source Code Enhancements
5821 =item MAGIC constants
5823 =item Better commented code
5825 =item Regex pre-/post-compilation items matched up
5833 =item Known Problems
5839 =item Amiga Perl Invoking Mystery
5841 =item lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
5843 =item Cygwin intermittent failures of lib/Memoize/t/expire_file 11 and 12
5845 =item HP-UX lib/io_multihomed Fails When LP64-Configured
5847 =item HP-UX lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails When LP64-Configured
5849 =item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
5853 =item op/sprintf tests 129 and 130
5855 =item Failure of Thread tests
5865 =item Localising a Tied Variable Leaks Memory
5867 =item Self-tying of Arrays and Hashes Is Forbidden
5869 =item Variable Attributes are not Currently Usable for Tieing
5871 =item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
5873 =item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental
5875 =item The Long Double Support is Still Experimental
5879 =item Reporting Bugs
5887 =head2 perl571delta - what's new for perl v5.7.1
5893 =item Security Vulnerability Closed
5895 =item Incompatible Changes
5897 =item Core Enhancements
5901 =item AUTOLOAD Is Now Lvaluable
5903 =item PerlIO is Now The Default
5905 =item Signals Are Now Safe
5909 =item Modules and Pragmata
5915 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
5919 =item Performance Enhancements
5921 =item Utility Changes
5923 =item New Documentation
5939 =item README.solaris
5943 =item Porting/repository.pod
5947 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
5951 =item New Or Improved Platforms
5953 =item Generic Improvements
5955 d_cmsghdr, d_fcntl_can_lock, d_fsync, d_getitimer, d_getpagsz, d_msghdr_s,
5956 need_va_copy, d_readv, d_recvmsg, d_sendmsg, sig_size, d_sockatmark,
5957 d_strtoq, d_u32align, d_ualarm, d_usleep
5961 =item Selected Bug Fixes
5965 =item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
5969 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
5971 =item Changed Internals
5975 =item Known Problems
5979 =item AIX vac 5.0.0.0 May Produce Buggy Code For Perl
5981 =item lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
5983 =item lib/io_multihomed Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
5985 =item Test lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
5989 =item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
5991 =item sigaction test 13 in VMS
5993 =item sprintf tests 129 and 130
5995 =item Failure of Thread tests
5997 =item Localising a Tied Variable Leaks Memory
5999 =item Self-tying of Arrays and Hashes Is Forbidden
6001 =item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
6003 =item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental
6007 =item Reporting Bugs
6015 =head2 perl570delta - what's new for perl v5.7.0
6021 =item Security Vulnerability Closed
6023 =item Incompatible Changes
6025 =item Core Enhancements
6027 =item Modules and Pragmata
6033 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
6037 =item Utility Changes
6039 =item New Documentation
6041 =item Performance Enhancements
6043 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
6047 =item Generic Improvements
6051 =item Selected Bug Fixes
6055 =item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
6059 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
6061 =item Changed Internals
6063 =item Known Problems
6067 =item Unicode Support Still Far From Perfect
6069 =item EBCDIC Still A Lost Platform
6071 =item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
6073 =item ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
6075 =item Test lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
6077 =item Long Doubles Still Don't Work In Solaris
6079 =item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
6081 =item Storable tests fail in some platforms
6083 =item Threads Are Still Experimental
6085 =item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental
6089 =item Reporting Bugs
6097 =head2 perl561delta - what's new for perl v5.6.x
6103 =item Summary of changes between 5.6.0 and 5.6.1
6107 =item Security Issues
6109 =item Core bug fixes
6111 C<UNIVERSAL::isa()>, Memory leaks, Numeric conversions, qw(a\\b), caller(),
6112 Bugs in regular expressions, "slurp" mode, Autovivification of symbolic
6113 references to special variables, Lexical warnings, Spurious warnings and
6114 errors, glob(), Tainting, sort(), #line directives, Subroutine prototypes,
6115 map(), Debugger, PERL5OPT, chop(), Unicode support, 64-bit support,
6116 Compiler, Lvalue subroutines, IO::Socket, File::Find, xsubpp, C<no
6121 =item Configuration issues
6125 =item Bundled modules
6127 B::Concise, File::Temp, Pod::LaTeX, Pod::Text::Overstrike, CGI, CPAN,
6128 Class::Struct, DB_File, Devel::Peek, File::Find, Getopt::Long, IO::Poll,
6129 IPC::Open3, Math::BigFloat, Math::Complex, Net::Ping, Opcode, Pod::Parser,
6130 Pod::Text, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Tie::RefHash, Tie::SubstrHash
6132 =item Platform-specific improvements
6134 NCR MP-RAS, NonStop-UX
6138 =item Core Enhancements
6142 =item Interpreter cloning, threads, and concurrency
6144 =item Lexically scoped warning categories
6146 =item Unicode and UTF-8 support
6148 =item Support for interpolating named characters
6150 =item "our" declarations
6152 =item Support for strings represented as a vector of ordinals
6154 =item Improved Perl version numbering system
6156 =item New syntax for declaring subroutine attributes
6158 =item File and directory handles can be autovivified
6160 =item open() with more than two arguments
6162 =item 64-bit support
6164 =item Large file support
6170 =item Enhanced support for sort() subroutines
6172 =item C<sort $coderef @foo> allowed
6174 =item File globbing implemented internally
6176 =item Support for CHECK blocks
6178 =item POSIX character class syntax [: :] supported
6180 =item Better pseudo-random number generator
6182 =item Improved C<qw//> operator
6184 =item Better worst-case behavior of hashes
6186 =item pack() format 'Z' supported
6188 =item pack() format modifier '!' supported
6190 =item pack() and unpack() support counted strings
6192 =item Comments in pack() templates
6194 =item Weak references
6196 =item Binary numbers supported
6198 =item Lvalue subroutines
6200 =item Some arrows may be omitted in calls through references
6202 =item Boolean assignment operators are legal lvalues
6204 =item exists() is supported on subroutine names
6206 =item exists() and delete() are supported on array elements
6208 =item Pseudo-hashes work better
6210 =item Automatic flushing of output buffers
6212 =item Better diagnostics on meaningless filehandle operations
6214 =item Where possible, buffered data discarded from duped input filehandle
6216 =item eof() has the same old magic as <>
6218 =item binmode() can be used to set :crlf and :raw modes
6220 =item C<-T> filetest recognizes UTF-8 encoded files as "text"
6222 =item system(), backticks and pipe open now reflect exec() failure
6224 =item Improved diagnostics
6226 =item Diagnostics follow STDERR
6228 =item More consistent close-on-exec behavior
6230 =item syswrite() ease-of-use
6232 =item Better syntax checks on parenthesized unary operators
6234 =item Bit operators support full native integer width
6236 =item Improved security features
6238 =item More functional bareword prototype (*)
6240 =item C<require> and C<do> may be overridden
6242 =item $^X variables may now have names longer than one character
6244 =item New variable $^C reflects C<-c> switch
6246 =item New variable $^V contains Perl version as a string
6248 =item Optional Y2K warnings
6250 =item Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings
6254 =item Modules and Pragmata
6260 attributes, B, Benchmark, ByteLoader, constant, charnames, Data::Dumper,
6261 DB, DB_File, Devel::DProf, Devel::Peek, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, English,
6262 Env, Fcntl, File::Compare, File::Find, File::Glob, File::Spec,
6263 File::Spec::Functions, Getopt::Long, IO, JPL, lib, Math::BigInt,
6264 Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Pod::Parser, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Checker,
6265 podchecker, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Find, Pod::Select, podselect, Pod::Usage,
6266 pod2usage, Pod::Text and Pod::Man, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Sys::Hostname,
6267 Term::ANSIColor, Time::Local, Win32, XSLoader, DBM Filters
6273 =item Utility Changes
6287 =item The Perl Debugger
6291 =item Improved Documentation
6293 perlapi.pod, perlboot.pod, perlcompile.pod, perldbmfilter.pod,
6294 perldebug.pod, perldebguts.pod, perlfork.pod, perlfilter.pod, perlhack.pod,
6295 perlintern.pod, perllexwarn.pod, perlnumber.pod, perlopentut.pod,
6296 perlreftut.pod, perltootc.pod, perltodo.pod, perlunicode.pod
6298 =item Performance enhancements
6302 =item Simple sort() using { $a <=> $b } and the like are optimized
6304 =item Optimized assignments to lexical variables
6306 =item Faster subroutine calls
6308 =item delete(), each(), values() and hash iteration are faster
6312 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
6316 =item -Dusethreads means something different
6318 =item New Configure flags
6320 =item Threadedness and 64-bitness now more daring
6326 =item -Duselargefiles
6328 =item installusrbinperl
6334 =item Enhanced Installation Directories
6336 =item gcc automatically tried if 'cc' does not seem to be working
6340 =item Platform specific changes
6344 =item Supported platforms
6348 =item OS390 (OpenEdition MVS)
6356 =item Significant bug fixes
6360 =item <HANDLE> on empty files
6362 =item C<eval '...'> improvements
6364 =item All compilation errors are true errors
6366 =item Implicitly closed filehandles are safer
6368 =item Behavior of list slices is more consistent
6370 =item C<(\$)> prototype and C<$foo{a}>
6372 =item C<goto &sub> and AUTOLOAD
6374 =item C<-bareword> allowed under C<use integer>
6376 =item Failures in DESTROY()
6378 =item Locale bugs fixed
6382 =item Spurious subroutine stubs after failed subroutine calls
6384 =item Taint failures under C<-U>
6386 =item END blocks and the C<-c> switch
6388 =item Potential to leak DATA filehandles
6392 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
6394 "%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same %s, "my sub" not yet
6395 implemented, "our" variable %s redeclared, '!' allowed only after types %s,
6396 / cannot take a count, / must be followed by a, A or Z, / must be followed
6397 by a*, A* or Z*, / must follow a numeric type, /%s/: Unrecognized escape
6398 \\%c passed through, /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c in character class
6399 passed through, /%s/ should probably be written as "%s", %s() called too
6400 early to check prototype, %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element, %s
6401 argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or slice, %s argument is not a
6402 subroutine name, %s package attribute may clash with future reserved word:
6403 %s, (in cleanup) %s, <> should be quotes, Attempt to join self, Bad evalled
6404 substitution pattern, Bad realloc() ignored, Bareword found in conditional,
6405 Binary number > 0b11111111111111111111111111111111 non-portable, Bit vector
6406 size > 32 non-portable, Buffer overflow in prime_env_iter: %s, Can't check
6407 filesystem of script "%s", Can't declare class for non-scalar %s in "%s",
6408 Can't declare %s in "%s", Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default,
6409 Can't modify non-lvalue subroutine call, Can't read CRTL environ, Can't
6410 remove %s: %s, skipping file, Can't return %s from lvalue subroutine, Can't
6411 weaken a nonreference, Character class [:%s:] unknown, Character class
6412 syntax [%s] belongs inside character classes, Constant is not %s reference,
6413 constant(%s): %s, CORE::%s is not a keyword, defined(@array) is deprecated,
6414 defined(%hash) is deprecated, Did not produce a valid header, (Did you mean
6415 "local" instead of "our"?), Document contains no data, entering effective
6416 %s failed, false [] range "%s" in regexp, Filehandle %s opened only for
6417 output, flock() on closed filehandle %s, Global symbol "%s" requires
6418 explicit package name, Hexadecimal number > 0xffffffff non-portable,
6419 Ill-formed CRTL environ value "%s", Ill-formed message in prime_env_iter:
6420 |%s|, Illegal binary digit %s, Illegal binary digit %s ignored, Illegal
6421 number of bits in vec, Integer overflow in %s number, Invalid %s attribute:
6422 %s, Invalid %s attributes: %s, invalid [] range "%s" in regexp, Invalid
6423 separator character %s in attribute list, Invalid separator character %s in
6424 subroutine attribute list, leaving effective %s failed, Lvalue subs
6425 returning %s not implemented yet, Method %s not permitted, Missing
6426 %sbrace%s on \N{}, Missing command in piped open, Missing name in "my sub",
6427 No %s specified for -%c, No package name allowed for variable %s in "our",
6428 No space allowed after -%c, no UTC offset information; assuming local time
6429 is UTC, Octal number > 037777777777 non-portable, panic: del_backref,
6430 panic: kid popen errno read, panic: magic_killbackrefs, Parentheses missing
6431 around "%s" list, Possible unintended interpolation of %s in string,
6432 Possible Y2K bug: %s, pragma "attrs" is deprecated, use "sub NAME : ATTRS"
6433 instead, Premature end of script headers, Repeat count in pack overflows,
6434 Repeat count in unpack overflows, realloc() of freed memory ignored,
6435 Reference is already weak, setpgrp can't take arguments, Strange *+?{} on
6436 zero-length expression, switching effective %s is not implemented, This
6437 Perl can't reset CRTL environ elements (%s), This Perl can't set CRTL
6438 environ elements (%s=%s), Too late to run %s block, Unknown open() mode
6439 '%s', Unknown process %x sent message to prime_env_iter: %s, Unrecognized
6440 escape \\%c passed through, Unterminated attribute parameter in attribute
6441 list, Unterminated attribute list, Unterminated attribute parameter in
6442 subroutine attribute list, Unterminated subroutine attribute list, Value of
6443 CLI symbol "%s" too long, Version number must be a constant number
6447 =item Incompatible Changes
6451 =item Perl Source Incompatibilities
6453 CHECK is a new keyword, Treatment of list slices of undef has changed,
6454 Format of $English::PERL_VERSION is different, Literals of the form
6455 C<1.2.3> parse differently, Possibly changed pseudo-random number
6456 generator, Hashing function for hash keys has changed, C<undef> fails on
6457 read only values, Close-on-exec bit may be set on pipe and socket handles,
6458 Writing C<"$$1"> to mean C<"${$}1"> is unsupported, delete(), each(),
6459 values() and C<\(%h)>, vec(EXPR,OFFSET,BITS) enforces powers-of-two BITS,
6460 Text of some diagnostic output has changed, C<%@> has been removed,
6461 Parenthesized not() behaves like a list operator, Semantics of bareword
6462 prototype C<(*)> have changed, Semantics of bit operators may have changed
6463 on 64-bit platforms, More builtins taint their results
6465 =item C Source Incompatibilities
6467 C<PERL_POLLUTE>, C<PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT>, C<PERL_POLLUTE_MALLOC>
6469 =item Compatible C Source API Changes
6471 C<PATCHLEVEL> is now C<PERL_VERSION>
6473 =item Binary Incompatibilities
6477 =item Known Problems
6481 =item Localizing a tied hash element may leak memory
6483 =item Known test failures
6485 =item EBCDIC platforms not fully supported
6487 =item UNICOS/mk CC failures during Configure run
6489 =item Arrow operator and arrays
6491 =item Experimental features
6493 Threads, Unicode, 64-bit support, Lvalue subroutines, Weak references, The
6494 pseudo-hash data type, The Compiler suite, Internal implementation of file
6495 globbing, The DB module, The regular expression code constructs:
6499 =item Obsolete Diagnostics
6501 Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Ill-formed
6502 logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter, In string, @%s now must be written as
6503 \@%s, Probable precedence problem on %s, regexp too big, Use of "$$<digit>"
6504 to mean "${$}<digit>" is deprecated
6506 =item Reporting Bugs
6514 =head2 perl56delta - what's new for perl v5.6.0
6520 =item Core Enhancements
6524 =item Interpreter cloning, threads, and concurrency
6526 =item Lexically scoped warning categories
6528 =item Unicode and UTF-8 support
6530 =item Support for interpolating named characters
6532 =item "our" declarations
6534 =item Support for strings represented as a vector of ordinals
6536 =item Improved Perl version numbering system
6538 =item New syntax for declaring subroutine attributes
6540 =item File and directory handles can be autovivified
6542 =item open() with more than two arguments
6544 =item 64-bit support
6546 =item Large file support
6552 =item Enhanced support for sort() subroutines
6554 =item C<sort $coderef @foo> allowed
6556 =item File globbing implemented internally
6558 =item Support for CHECK blocks
6560 =item POSIX character class syntax [: :] supported
6562 =item Better pseudo-random number generator
6564 =item Improved C<qw//> operator
6566 =item Better worst-case behavior of hashes
6568 =item pack() format 'Z' supported
6570 =item pack() format modifier '!' supported
6572 =item pack() and unpack() support counted strings
6574 =item Comments in pack() templates
6576 =item Weak references
6578 =item Binary numbers supported
6580 =item Lvalue subroutines
6582 =item Some arrows may be omitted in calls through references
6584 =item Boolean assignment operators are legal lvalues
6586 =item exists() is supported on subroutine names
6588 =item exists() and delete() are supported on array elements
6590 =item Pseudo-hashes work better
6592 =item Automatic flushing of output buffers
6594 =item Better diagnostics on meaningless filehandle operations
6596 =item Where possible, buffered data discarded from duped input filehandle
6598 =item eof() has the same old magic as <>
6600 =item binmode() can be used to set :crlf and :raw modes
6602 =item C<-T> filetest recognizes UTF-8 encoded files as "text"
6604 =item system(), backticks and pipe open now reflect exec() failure
6606 =item Improved diagnostics
6608 =item Diagnostics follow STDERR
6610 =item More consistent close-on-exec behavior
6612 =item syswrite() ease-of-use
6614 =item Better syntax checks on parenthesized unary operators
6616 =item Bit operators support full native integer width
6618 =item Improved security features
6620 =item More functional bareword prototype (*)
6622 =item C<require> and C<do> may be overridden
6624 =item $^X variables may now have names longer than one character
6626 =item New variable $^C reflects C<-c> switch
6628 =item New variable $^V contains Perl version as a string
6630 =item Optional Y2K warnings
6632 =item Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings
6636 =item Modules and Pragmata
6642 attributes, B, Benchmark, ByteLoader, constant, charnames, Data::Dumper,
6643 DB, DB_File, Devel::DProf, Devel::Peek, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, English,
6644 Env, Fcntl, File::Compare, File::Find, File::Glob, File::Spec,
6645 File::Spec::Functions, Getopt::Long, IO, JPL, lib, Math::BigInt,
6646 Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Pod::Parser, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Checker,
6647 podchecker, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Find, Pod::Select, podselect, Pod::Usage,
6648 pod2usage, Pod::Text and Pod::Man, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Sys::Hostname,
6649 Term::ANSIColor, Time::Local, Win32, XSLoader, DBM Filters
6655 =item Utility Changes
6669 =item The Perl Debugger
6673 =item Improved Documentation
6675 perlapi.pod, perlboot.pod, perlcompile.pod, perldbmfilter.pod,
6676 perldebug.pod, perldebguts.pod, perlfork.pod, perlfilter.pod, perlhack.pod,
6677 perlintern.pod, perllexwarn.pod, perlnumber.pod, perlopentut.pod,
6678 perlreftut.pod, perltootc.pod, perltodo.pod, perlunicode.pod
6680 =item Performance enhancements
6684 =item Simple sort() using { $a <=> $b } and the like are optimized
6686 =item Optimized assignments to lexical variables
6688 =item Faster subroutine calls
6690 =item delete(), each(), values() and hash iteration are faster
6694 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
6698 =item -Dusethreads means something different
6700 =item New Configure flags
6702 =item Threadedness and 64-bitness now more daring
6708 =item -Duselargefiles
6710 =item installusrbinperl
6716 =item Enhanced Installation Directories
6720 =item Platform specific changes
6724 =item Supported platforms
6728 =item OS390 (OpenEdition MVS)
6736 =item Significant bug fixes
6740 =item <HANDLE> on empty files
6742 =item C<eval '...'> improvements
6744 =item All compilation errors are true errors
6746 =item Implicitly closed filehandles are safer
6748 =item Behavior of list slices is more consistent
6750 =item C<(\$)> prototype and C<$foo{a}>
6752 =item C<goto &sub> and AUTOLOAD
6754 =item C<-bareword> allowed under C<use integer>
6756 =item Failures in DESTROY()
6758 =item Locale bugs fixed
6762 =item Spurious subroutine stubs after failed subroutine calls
6764 =item Taint failures under C<-U>
6766 =item END blocks and the C<-c> switch
6768 =item Potential to leak DATA filehandles
6772 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
6774 "%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same %s, "my sub" not yet
6775 implemented, "our" variable %s redeclared, '!' allowed only after types %s,
6776 / cannot take a count, / must be followed by a, A or Z, / must be followed
6777 by a*, A* or Z*, / must follow a numeric type, /%s/: Unrecognized escape
6778 \\%c passed through, /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c in character class
6779 passed through, /%s/ should probably be written as "%s", %s() called too
6780 early to check prototype, %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element, %s
6781 argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or slice, %s argument is not a
6782 subroutine name, %s package attribute may clash with future reserved word:
6783 %s, (in cleanup) %s, <> should be quotes, Attempt to join self, Bad evalled
6784 substitution pattern, Bad realloc() ignored, Bareword found in conditional,
6785 Binary number > 0b11111111111111111111111111111111 non-portable, Bit vector
6786 size > 32 non-portable, Buffer overflow in prime_env_iter: %s, Can't check
6787 filesystem of script "%s", Can't declare class for non-scalar %s in "%s",
6788 Can't declare %s in "%s", Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default,
6789 Can't modify non-lvalue subroutine call, Can't read CRTL environ, Can't
6790 remove %s: %s, skipping file, Can't return %s from lvalue subroutine, Can't
6791 weaken a nonreference, Character class [:%s:] unknown, Character class
6792 syntax [%s] belongs inside character classes, Constant is not %s reference,
6793 constant(%s): %s, CORE::%s is not a keyword, defined(@array) is deprecated,
6794 defined(%hash) is deprecated, Did not produce a valid header, (Did you mean
6795 "local" instead of "our"?), Document contains no data, entering effective
6796 %s failed, false [] range "%s" in regexp, Filehandle %s opened only for
6797 output, flock() on closed filehandle %s, Global symbol "%s" requires
6798 explicit package name, Hexadecimal number > 0xffffffff non-portable,
6799 Ill-formed CRTL environ value "%s", Ill-formed message in prime_env_iter:
6800 |%s|, Illegal binary digit %s, Illegal binary digit %s ignored, Illegal
6801 number of bits in vec, Integer overflow in %s number, Invalid %s attribute:
6802 %s, Invalid %s attributes: %s, invalid [] range "%s" in regexp, Invalid
6803 separator character %s in attribute list, Invalid separator character %s in
6804 subroutine attribute list, leaving effective %s failed, Lvalue subs
6805 returning %s not implemented yet, Method %s not permitted, Missing
6806 %sbrace%s on \N{}, Missing command in piped open, Missing name in "my sub",
6807 No %s specified for -%c, No package name allowed for variable %s in "our",
6808 No space allowed after -%c, no UTC offset information; assuming local time
6809 is UTC, Octal number > 037777777777 non-portable, panic: del_backref,
6810 panic: kid popen errno read, panic: magic_killbackrefs, Parentheses missing
6811 around "%s" list, Possible unintended interpolation of %s in string,
6812 Possible Y2K bug: %s, pragma "attrs" is deprecated, use "sub NAME : ATTRS"
6813 instead, Premature end of script headers, Repeat count in pack overflows,
6814 Repeat count in unpack overflows, realloc() of freed memory ignored,
6815 Reference is already weak, setpgrp can't take arguments, Strange *+?{} on
6816 zero-length expression, switching effective %s is not implemented, This
6817 Perl can't reset CRTL environ elements (%s), This Perl can't set CRTL
6818 environ elements (%s=%s), Too late to run %s block, Unknown open() mode
6819 '%s', Unknown process %x sent message to prime_env_iter: %s, Unrecognized
6820 escape \\%c passed through, Unterminated attribute parameter in attribute
6821 list, Unterminated attribute list, Unterminated attribute parameter in
6822 subroutine attribute list, Unterminated subroutine attribute list, Value of
6823 CLI symbol "%s" too long, Version number must be a constant number
6827 =item Incompatible Changes
6831 =item Perl Source Incompatibilities
6833 CHECK is a new keyword, Treatment of list slices of undef has changed,
6834 Format of $English::PERL_VERSION is different, Literals of the form
6835 C<1.2.3> parse differently, Possibly changed pseudo-random number
6836 generator, Hashing function for hash keys has changed, C<undef> fails on
6837 read only values, Close-on-exec bit may be set on pipe and socket handles,
6838 Writing C<"$$1"> to mean C<"${$}1"> is unsupported, delete(), each(),
6839 values() and C<\(%h)>, vec(EXPR,OFFSET,BITS) enforces powers-of-two BITS,
6840 Text of some diagnostic output has changed, C<%@> has been removed,
6841 Parenthesized not() behaves like a list operator, Semantics of bareword
6842 prototype C<(*)> have changed, Semantics of bit operators may have changed
6843 on 64-bit platforms, More builtins taint their results
6845 =item C Source Incompatibilities
6847 C<PERL_POLLUTE>, C<PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT>, C<PERL_POLLUTE_MALLOC>
6849 =item Compatible C Source API Changes
6851 C<PATCHLEVEL> is now C<PERL_VERSION>
6853 =item Binary Incompatibilities
6857 =item Known Problems
6861 =item Thread test failures
6863 =item EBCDIC platforms not supported
6865 =item In 64-bit HP-UX the lib/io_multihomed test may hang
6867 =item NEXTSTEP 3.3 POSIX test failure
6869 =item Tru64 (aka Digital UNIX, aka DEC OSF/1) lib/sdbm test failure with
6872 =item UNICOS/mk CC failures during Configure run
6874 =item Arrow operator and arrays
6876 =item Experimental features
6878 Threads, Unicode, 64-bit support, Lvalue subroutines, Weak references, The
6879 pseudo-hash data type, The Compiler suite, Internal implementation of file
6880 globbing, The DB module, The regular expression code constructs:
6884 =item Obsolete Diagnostics
6886 Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Ill-formed
6887 logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter, In string, @%s now must be written as
6888 \@%s, Probable precedence problem on %s, regexp too big, Use of "$$<digit>"
6889 to mean "${$}<digit>" is deprecated
6891 =item Reporting Bugs
6899 =head2 perl5005delta - what's new for perl5.005
6905 =item About the new versioning system
6907 =item Incompatible Changes
6911 =item WARNING: This version is not binary compatible with Perl 5.004.
6913 =item Default installation structure has changed
6915 =item Perl Source Compatibility
6917 =item C Source Compatibility
6919 =item Binary Compatibility
6921 =item Security fixes may affect compatibility
6923 =item Relaxed new mandatory warnings introduced in 5.004
6937 =item Regular Expressions
6939 Many new and improved optimizations, Many bug fixes, New regular expression
6940 constructs, New operator for precompiled regular expressions, Other
6941 improvements, Incompatible changes
6943 =item Improved malloc()
6945 =item Quicksort is internally implemented
6947 =item Reliable signals
6949 =item Reliable stack pointers
6951 =item More generous treatment of carriage returns
6955 =item Better support for multiple interpreters
6957 =item Behavior of local() on array and hash elements is now well-defined
6959 =item C<%!> is transparently tied to the L<Errno> module
6961 =item Pseudo-hashes are supported
6963 =item C<EXPR foreach EXPR> is supported
6965 =item Keywords can be globally overridden
6967 =item C<$^E> is meaningful on Win32
6969 =item C<foreach (1..1000000)> optimized
6971 =item C<Foo::> can be used as implicitly quoted package name
6973 =item C<exists $Foo::{Bar::}> tests existence of a package
6975 =item Better locale support
6977 =item Experimental support for 64-bit platforms
6979 =item prototype() returns useful results on builtins
6981 =item Extended support for exception handling
6983 =item Re-blessing in DESTROY() supported for chaining DESTROY() methods
6985 =item All C<printf> format conversions are handled internally
6987 =item New C<INIT> keyword
6989 =item New C<lock> keyword
6991 =item New C<qr//> operator
6993 =item C<our> is now a reserved word
6995 =item Tied arrays are now fully supported
6997 =item Tied handles support is better
6999 =item 4th argument to substr
7001 =item Negative LENGTH argument to splice
7003 =item Magic lvalues are now more magical
7005 =item <> now reads in records
7009 =item Supported Platforms
7015 =item Changes in existing support
7019 =item Modules and Pragmata
7025 B, Data::Dumper, Dumpvalue, Errno, File::Spec, ExtUtils::Installed,
7026 ExtUtils::Packlist, Fatal, IPC::SysV, Test, Tie::Array, Tie::Handle,
7027 Thread, attrs, fields, re
7029 =item Changes in existing modules
7031 Benchmark, Carp, CGI, Fcntl, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, POSIX, DB_File,
7032 MakeMaker, CPAN, Cwd
7036 =item Utility Changes
7038 =item Documentation Changes
7040 =item New Diagnostics
7042 Ambiguous call resolved as CORE::%s(), qualify as such or use &, Bad index
7043 while coercing array into hash, Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent
7044 package, Can't call method "%s" on an undefined value, Can't check
7045 filesystem of script "%s" for nosuid, Can't coerce array into hash, Can't
7046 goto subroutine from an eval-string, Can't localize pseudo-hash element,
7047 Can't use %%! because Errno.pm is not available, Cannot find an opnumber
7048 for "%s", Character class syntax [. .] is reserved for future extensions,
7049 Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Character
7050 class syntax [= =] is reserved for future extensions, %s: Eval-group in
7051 insecure regular expression, %s: Eval-group not allowed, use re 'eval', %s:
7052 Eval-group not allowed at run time, Explicit blessing to '' (assuming
7053 package main), Illegal hex digit ignored, No such array field, No such
7054 field "%s" in variable %s of type %s, Out of memory during ridiculously
7055 large request, Range iterator outside integer range, Recursive inheritance
7056 detected while looking for method '%s' %s, Reference found where even-sized
7057 list expected, Undefined value assigned to typeglob, Use of reserved word
7058 "%s" is deprecated, perl: warning: Setting locale failed
7060 =item Obsolete Diagnostics
7062 Can't mktemp(), Can't write to temp file for B<-e>: %s, Cannot open
7063 temporary file, regexp too big
7065 =item Configuration Changes
7075 =head2 perl5004delta - what's new for perl5.004
7081 =item Supported Environments
7087 =item List assignment to %ENV works
7089 =item Change to "Can't locate Foo.pm in @INC" error
7091 =item Compilation option: Binary compatibility with 5.003
7093 =item $PERL5OPT environment variable
7095 =item Limitations on B<-M>, B<-m>, and B<-T> options
7097 =item More precise warnings
7099 =item Deprecated: Inherited C<AUTOLOAD> for non-methods
7101 =item Previously deprecated %OVERLOAD is no longer usable
7103 =item Subroutine arguments created only when they're modified
7105 =item Group vector changeable with C<$)>
7107 =item Fixed parsing of $$<digit>, &$<digit>, etc.
7109 =item Fixed localization of $<digit>, $&, etc.
7111 =item No resetting of $. on implicit close
7113 =item C<wantarray> may return undef
7115 =item C<eval EXPR> determines value of EXPR in scalar context
7117 =item Changes to tainting checks
7119 No glob() or <*>, No spawning if tainted $CDPATH, $ENV, $BASH_ENV, No
7120 spawning if tainted $TERM doesn't look like a terminal name
7122 =item New Opcode module and revised Safe module
7124 =item Embedding improvements
7126 =item Internal change: FileHandle class based on IO::* classes
7128 =item Internal change: PerlIO abstraction interface
7130 =item New and changed syntax
7134 =item New and changed builtin constants
7138 =item New and changed builtin variables
7142 =item New and changed builtin functions
7144 delete on slices, flock, printf and sprintf, keys as an lvalue, my() in
7145 Control Structures, pack() and unpack(), sysseek(), use VERSION, use Module
7146 VERSION LIST, prototype(FUNCTION), srand, $_ as Default, C<m//gc> does not
7147 reset search position on failure, C<m//x> ignores whitespace before ?*+{},
7148 nested C<sub{}> closures work now, formats work right on changing lexicals
7150 =item New builtin methods
7152 isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] )
7154 =item TIEHANDLE now supported
7156 TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this, LIST, READ this
7157 LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, DESTROY this
7159 =item Malloc enhancements
7161 -DPERL_EMERGENCY_SBRK, -DPACK_MALLOC, -DTWO_POT_OPTIMIZE
7163 =item Miscellaneous efficiency enhancements
7167 =item Support for More Operating Systems
7183 use autouse MODULE => qw(sub1 sub2 sub3), use blib, use blib 'dir', use
7184 constant NAME => VALUE, use locale, use ops, use vmsish
7190 =item Required Updates
7192 =item Installation directories
7194 =item Module information summary
7208 =item Object-oriented overrides for builtin operators
7212 =item Utility Changes
7218 Sends converted HTML to standard output
7222 C<void> XSUBs now default to returning nothing
7226 =item C Language API Changes
7228 C<gv_fetchmethod> and C<perl_call_sv>, C<perl_eval_pv>, Extended API for
7231 =item Documentation Changes
7233 L<perldelta>, L<perlfaq>, L<perllocale>, L<perltoot>, L<perlapio>,
7234 L<perlmodlib>, L<perldebug>, L<perlsec>
7236 =item New Diagnostics
7238 "my" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same scope, %s argument is
7239 not a HASH element or slice, Allocation too large: %lx, Allocation too
7240 large, Applying %s to %s will act on scalar(%s), Attempt to free
7241 nonexistent shared string, Attempt to use reference as lvalue in substr,
7242 Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent package, Can't redefine active sort
7243 subroutine %s, Can't use bareword ("%s") as %s ref while "strict refs" in
7244 use, Cannot resolve method `%s' overloading `%s' in package `%s', Constant
7245 subroutine %s redefined, Constant subroutine %s undefined, Copy method did
7246 not return a reference, Died, Exiting pseudo-block via %s, Identifier too
7247 long, Illegal character %s (carriage return), Illegal switch in PERL5OPT:
7248 %s, Integer overflow in hex number, Integer overflow in octal number,
7249 internal error: glob failed, Invalid conversion in %s: "%s", Invalid type
7250 in pack: '%s', Invalid type in unpack: '%s', Name "%s::%s" used only once:
7251 possible typo, Null picture in formline, Offset outside string, Out of
7252 memory!, Out of memory during request for %s, panic: frexp, Possible
7253 attempt to put comments in qw() list, Possible attempt to separate words
7254 with commas, Scalar value @%s{%s} better written as $%s{%s}, Stub found
7255 while resolving method `%s' overloading `%s' in %s, Too late for "B<-T>"
7256 option, untie attempted while %d inner references still exist, Unrecognized
7257 character %s, Unsupported function fork, Use of "$$<digit>" to mean
7258 "${$}<digit>" is deprecated, Value of %s can be "0"; test with defined(),
7259 Variable "%s" may be unavailable, Variable "%s" will not stay shared,
7260 Warning: something's wrong, Ill-formed logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter,
7261 Got an error from DosAllocMem, Malformed PERLLIB_PREFIX, PERL_SH_DIR too
7262 long, Process terminated by SIG%s
7272 =head2 perlartistic - the Perl Artistic License
7280 =item The "Artistic License"
7288 "Package", "Standard Version", "Copyright Holder", "You", "Reasonable
7289 copying fee", "Freely Available"
7293 a), b), c), d), a), b), c), d)
7299 =head2 perlgpl - the GNU General Public License, version 2
7311 =item GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
7315 =head2 perlaix, README.aix - Perl version 5 on IBM Unix (AIX) systems
7323 =item Compiling Perl 5 on AIX
7327 =item Building Dynamic Extensions on AIX
7329 =item The IBM ANSI C Compiler
7331 =item The usenm option
7333 =item Using GNU's gcc for building perl
7335 =item Using Large Files with Perl
7341 =item AIX 4.2 and extensions using C++ with statics
7351 =head2 perlamiga - Perl under Amiga OS
7367 =item Prerequisites for Compiling Perl on AmigaOS
7369 B<Unix emulation for AmigaOS: ixemul.library>, B<Version of Amiga OS>
7371 =item Starting Perl programs under AmigaOS
7373 =item Shortcomings of Perl under AmigaOS
7379 =item Accessing documentation
7383 =item Manpages for Perl on AmigaOS
7385 =item Perl HTML Documentation on AmigaOS
7387 =item Perl GNU Info Files on AmigaOS
7389 =item Perl LaTeX Documentation on AmigaOS
7393 =item BUILDING PERL ON AMIGAOS
7397 =item Build Prerequisites for Perl on AmigaOS
7399 =item Getting the Perl Source for AmigaOS
7401 =item Making Perl on AmigaOS
7403 =item Testing Perl on AmigaOS
7405 =item Installing the built Perl on AmigaOS
7409 =item PERL 5.8.0 BROKEN IN AMIGAOS
7417 =head2 perlapollo, README.apollo - Perl version 5 on Apollo DomainOS
7427 =head2 perlbeos, README.beos - Perl version 5 on BeOS
7435 =item General Issues with Perl on BeOS
7437 =item BeOS Release-specific Notes
7441 =item Contact Information
7443 =item Update 2002-05-30
7449 =head2 perlbs2000, README.BS2000 - building and installing Perl for BS2000.
7459 =item gzip on BS2000
7461 =item bison on BS2000
7463 =item Unpacking Perl Distribution on BS2000
7465 =item Compiling Perl on BS2000
7467 =item Testing Perl on BS2000
7469 =item Installing Perl on BS2000
7471 =item Using Perl in the Posix-Shell of BS2000
7473 =item Using Perl in "native" BS2000
7475 =item Floating point anomalies on BS2000
7477 =item Using PerlIO and different encodings on ASCII and EBCDIC partitions
7507 Microsoft Embedded Visual Tools, Microsoft Visual C++, Rainer Keuchel's
7508 celib-sources, Rainer Keuchel's console-sources
7512 go to ./wince subdirectory, edit file compile.bat, run compile.bat, run
7517 =item Acknowledgements
7523 =head2 perlcygwin, README.cygwin - Perl for Cygwin
7529 =item PREREQUISITES FOR COMPILING PERL ON CYGWIN
7533 =item Cygwin = GNU+Cygnus+Windows (Don't leave UNIX without it)
7535 =item Cygwin Configuration
7537 C<PATH>, I<nroff>, Permissions
7541 =item CONFIGURE PERL ON CYGWIN
7545 =item Stripping Perl Binaries on Cygwin
7547 =item Optional Libraries for Perl on Cygwin
7549 C<-lcrypt>, C<-lgdbm> (C<use GDBM_File>), C<-ldb> (C<use DB_File>),
7550 C<-lcygipc> (C<use IPC::SysV>), C<-lutil>
7552 =item Configure-time Options for Perl on Cygwin
7554 C<-Uusedl>, C<-Uusemymalloc>, C<-Uuseperlio>, C<-Dusemultiplicity>,
7555 C<-Duse64bitint>, C<-Duselongdouble>, C<-Dusethreads>, C<-Duselargefiles>,
7558 =item Suspicious Warnings on Cygwin
7560 I<dlsym()>, Win9x and C<d_eofnblk>, Compiler/Preprocessor defines
7564 =item MAKE ON CYGWIN
7568 =item Errors on Cygwin
7574 =item TEST ON CYGWIN
7578 =item File Permissions on Cygwin
7580 =item NDBM_File and ODBM_File do not work on FAT filesystems
7582 =item C<fork()> failures in io_* tests
7584 =item Script Portability on Cygwin
7586 Pathnames, Text/Binary, PerlIO, F<.exe>, C<chown()>, Miscellaneous
7590 =item INSTALL PERL ON CYGWIN
7592 =item MANIFEST ON CYGWIN
7594 Documentation, Build, Configure, Make, Install, Tests, Compiled Perl
7595 Source, Compiled Module Source, Perl Modules/Scripts
7597 =item BUGS ON CYGWIN
7605 =head2 perldgux - Perl under DG/UX.
7617 =item BUILDING PERL ON DG/UX
7621 =item Non-threaded Perl on DG/UX
7623 =item Threaded Perl on DG/UX
7625 =item Testing Perl on DG/UX
7627 =item Installing the built perl on DG/UX
7637 =head2 perldos - Perl under DOS, W31, W95.
7647 =item Prerequisites for Compiling Perl on DOS
7651 =item Shortcomings of Perl under DOS
7653 =item Building Perl on DOS
7655 =item Testing Perl on DOS
7657 =item Installation of Perl on DOS
7661 =item BUILDING AND INSTALLING MODULES ON DOS
7665 =item Building Prerequisites for Perl on DOS
7667 =item Unpacking CPAN Modules on DOS
7669 =item Building Non-XS Modules on DOS
7671 =item Building XS Modules on DOS
7681 =head2 perlepoc, README.epoc - Perl for EPOC
7689 =item INSTALLING PERL ON EPOC
7691 =item STARTING PERL ON EPOC
7695 =item Editors on Epoc
7697 =item Features of Perl on Epoc
7699 =item Restrictions of Perl on Epoc
7701 =item Compiling Perl 5 on the EPOC cross compiling environment
7705 =item SUPPORT STATUS OF PERL ON EPOC
7713 =head2 perlfreebsd, README.freebsd - Perl version 5 on FreeBSD systems
7721 =item FreeBSD core dumps from readdir_r with ithreads
7723 =item $^X doesn't always contain a full path in FreeBSD
7725 =item Perl will no longer be part of "base FreeBSD"
7733 =head2 perlhpux, README.hpux - Perl version 5 on Hewlett-Packard Unix
7742 =item Using perl as shipped with HP-UX
7744 =item Using perl from HP's porting centre
7746 =item Compiling Perl 5 on HP-UX
7758 =item Portability Between PA-RISC Versions
7760 =item Itanium Processor Family and HP-UX
7762 =item Building Dynamic Extensions on HP-UX
7764 =item The HP ANSI C Compiler
7766 =item The GNU C Compiler
7768 =item Using Large Files with Perl on HP-UX
7770 =item Threaded Perl on HP-UX
7772 =item 64-bit Perl on HP-UX
7774 =item Oracle on HP-UX
7776 =item GDBM and Threads on HP-UX
7778 =item NFS filesystems and utime(2) on HP-UX
7780 =item perl -P and // and HP-UX
7782 =item HP-UX Kernel Parameters (maxdsiz) for Compiling Perl
7786 =item nss_delete core dump from op/pwent or op/grent
7794 =head2 perlhurd, README.hurd - Perl version 5 on Hurd
7802 =item Known Problems with Perl on Hurd
7810 =head2 perlirix, README.irix - Perl version 5 on Irix systems
7818 =item Building 32-bit Perl in Irix
7820 =item Building 64-bit Perl in Irix
7822 =item About Compiler Versions of Irix
7824 =item Linker Problems in Irix
7826 =item Malloc in Irix
7828 =item Building with threads in Irix
7838 =head2 perlmachten, README.machten - Perl version 5 on Power MachTen
7847 =item Compiling Perl 5 on MachTen
7849 =item Failures during C<make test> on MachTen
7851 op/lexassign.t, pragma/warnings.t
7853 =item Building external modules on MachTen
7863 =head2 perlmacos, README.macos - Perl under Mac OS (Classic)
7877 =head2 perlmacosx, README.macosx - Perl under Mac OS X
7887 =item Installation Prefix
7889 =item libperl and Prebinding
7891 =item Updating Panther
7893 =item Known problems
7903 =item Starting From Scratch
7911 =head2 perlmint, README.mint - Perl version 5 on Atari MiNT
7917 =item Known problems with Perl on MiNT
7923 =head2 perlmpeix, README.mpeix - Perl/iX for HP e3000 MPE
7931 =item Binary distribution from HP
7933 =item What's New in Perl for MPE/iX
7935 =item Welcome to Perl/iX
7937 =item System Requirements for Perl/iX
7939 =item How to Obtain Perl/iX
7941 =item Perl/iX Distribution Contents Highlights
7943 README, INSTALL, LIBSHP3K, PERL, .cpan/, lib/, man/,
7944 public_html/feedback.cgi, src/perl-5.6.0-mpe
7946 =item How to Compile Perl/iX
7950 =item Getting Started with Perl/iX
7952 =item MPE/iX Implementation Considerations
7954 =item Known Perl/iX Bugs Under Investigation
7956 =item Perl/iX To-Do List
7958 =item Perl/iX Change History
7974 SetNWBld.bat, Buildtype.bat
7986 =item Build new extensions
7988 =item Acknowledgements
7996 =head2 perlos2 - Perl under OS/2, DOS, Win0.3*, Win0.95 and WinNT.
8016 EMX, RSX, HPFS, pdksh
8018 =item Starting Perl programs under OS/2 (and DOS and...)
8020 =item Starting OS/2 (and DOS) programs under Perl
8024 =item Frequently asked questions
8028 =item "It does not work"
8030 =item I cannot run external programs
8032 =item I cannot embed perl into my program, or use F<perl.dll> from my
8035 Is your program EMX-compiled with C<-Zmt -Zcrtdll>?, Did you use
8038 =item C<``> and pipe-C<open> do not work under DOS.
8040 =item Cannot start C<find.exe "pattern" file>
8048 =item Automatic binary installation
8050 C<PERL_BADLANG>, C<PERL_BADFREE>, F<Config.pm>
8052 =item Manual binary installation
8054 Perl VIO and PM executables (dynamically linked), Perl_ VIO executable
8055 (statically linked), Executables for Perl utilities, Main Perl library,
8056 Additional Perl modules, Tools to compile Perl modules, Manpages for Perl
8057 and utilities, Manpages for Perl modules, Source for Perl documentation,
8058 Perl manual in F<.INF> format, Pdksh
8064 =item Accessing documentation
8068 =item OS/2 F<.INF> file
8076 =item GNU C<info> files
8088 =item The short story
8092 =item Getting perl source
8094 =item Application of the patches
8102 A lot of C<bad free>, Process terminated by SIGTERM/SIGINT, F<op/fs.t>,
8105 =item Installing the built perl
8107 =item C<a.out>-style build
8115 =item Some C</> became C<\> in pdksh.
8117 =item C<'errno'> - unresolved external
8119 =item Problems with tr or sed
8121 =item Some problem (forget which ;-)
8123 =item Library ... not found
8125 =item Segfault in make
8127 =item op/sprintf test failure
8131 =item Specific (mis)features of OS/2 port
8135 =item C<setpriority>, C<getpriority>
8139 =item C<extproc> on the first line
8141 =item Additional modules:
8143 =item Prebuilt methods:
8145 C<File::Copy::syscopy>, C<DynaLoader::mod2fname>, C<Cwd::current_drive()>,
8146 C<Cwd::sys_chdir(name)>, C<Cwd::change_drive(name)>,
8147 C<Cwd::sys_is_absolute(name)>, C<Cwd::sys_is_rooted(name)>,
8148 C<Cwd::sys_is_relative(name)>, C<Cwd::sys_cwd(name)>,
8149 C<Cwd::sys_abspath(name, dir)>, C<Cwd::extLibpath([type])>,
8150 C<Cwd::extLibpath_set( path [, type ] )>,
8151 C<OS2::Error(do_harderror,do_exception)>, C<OS2::Errors2Drive(drive)>,
8152 OS2::SysInfo(), OS2::BootDrive(), C<OS2::MorphPM(serve)>,
8153 C<OS2::UnMorphPM(serve)>, C<OS2::Serve_Messages(force)>,
8154 C<OS2::Process_Messages(force [, cnt])>, C<OS2::_control87(new,mask)>,
8155 OS2::get_control87(), C<OS2::set_control87_em(new=MCW_EM,mask=MCW_EM)>,
8156 C<OS2::DLLname([how [, \&xsub]])>
8158 =item Prebuilt variables:
8160 $OS2::emx_rev, $OS2::emx_env, $OS2::os_ver, $OS2::is_aout, $OS2::can_fork,
8167 C<popen>, C<tmpnam>, C<tmpfile>, C<ctermid>, C<stat>, C<mkdir>, C<rmdir>,
8170 =item Identifying DLLs
8172 =item Centralized management of resources
8174 C<HAB>, C<HMQ>, Treating errors reported by OS/2 API,
8175 C<CheckOSError(expr)>, C<CheckWinError(expr)>, C<SaveWinError(expr)>,
8176 C<SaveCroakWinError(expr,die,name1,name2)>, C<WinError_2_Perl_rc>,
8177 C<FillWinError>, C<FillOSError(rc)>, Loading DLLs and ordinals in DLLs
8191 =item F<perl___.exe>
8193 =item Why strange names?
8195 =item Why dynamic linking?
8197 =item Why chimera build?
8205 =item C<PERLLIB_PREFIX>
8207 =item C<PERL_BADLANG>
8209 =item C<PERL_BADFREE>
8211 =item C<PERL_SH_DIR>
8213 =item C<USE_PERL_FLOCK>
8215 =item C<TMP> or C<TEMP>
8223 =item Text-mode filehandles
8227 =item DLL name mangling: pre 5.6.2
8229 =item DLL name mangling: 5.6.2 and beyond
8231 Global DLLs, specific DLLs, C<BEGINLIBPATH> and C<ENDLIBPATH>, F<.> from
8234 =item DLL forwarder generation
8238 =item Calls to external programs
8240 =item Memory allocation
8244 C<COND_WAIT>, F<os2.c>
8260 =head2 perlos390, README.os390 - building and installing Perl for OS/390
8273 =item Unpacking Perl distribution on OS/390
8275 =item Setup and utilities for Perl on OS/390
8277 =item Configure Perl on OS/390
8279 =item Build, Test, Install Perl on OS/390
8281 =item Build Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
8283 =item Testing Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
8285 =item Installation Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
8287 =item Usage Hints for Perl on OS/390
8289 =item Floating Point Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
8291 =item Modules and Extensions for Perl on OS/390
8301 =item Mailing list for Perl on OS/390
8309 =head2 perlos400, README.os400 - Perl version 5 on OS/400
8317 =item Compiling Perl for OS/400 PASE
8319 =item Installing Perl in OS/400 PASE
8321 =item Using Perl in OS/400 PASE
8323 =item Known Problems
8333 =head2 perlplan9 - Plan 9-specific documentation for Perl
8343 =item What's in Plan 9 Perl
8345 =item What's not in Plan 9 Perl
8347 =item Perl5 Functions not currently supported in Plan 9 Perl
8349 =item Signals in Plan 9 Perl
8353 =item COMPILING AND INSTALLING PERL ON PLAN 9
8357 =item Installing Perl Documentation on Plan 9
8369 =head2 perlqnx, README.qnx - Perl version 5 on QNX
8377 =item Required Software for Compiling Perl on QNX4
8379 /bin/sh, ar, nm, cpp, make
8381 =item Outstanding Issues with Perl on QNX4
8383 =item QNX auxiliary files
8387 =item Outstanding issues with perl under QNX6
8395 =head2 perlsolaris, README.solaris - Perl version 5 on Solaris systems
8403 =item Solaris Version Numbers.
8409 Solaris FAQ, Precompiled Binaries, Solaris Documentation
8415 =item File Extraction Problems on Solaris.
8417 =item Compiler and Related Tools on Solaris.
8419 =item Environment for Compiling perl on Solaris
8423 =item RUN CONFIGURE.
8427 =item 64-bit perl on Solaris.
8429 =item Threads in perl on Solaris.
8431 =item Malloc Issues with perl on Solaris.
8435 =item MAKE PROBLEMS.
8437 Dynamic Loading Problems With GNU as and GNU ld, ld.so.1: ./perl: fatal:
8438 relocation error:, dlopen: stub interception failed, #error "No
8439 DATAMODEL_NATIVE specified", sh: ar: not found
8445 =item op/stat.t test 4 in Solaris
8447 =item nss_delete core dump from op/pwent or op/grent
8451 =item PREBUILT BINARIES OF PERL FOR SOLARIS.
8453 =item RUNTIME ISSUES FOR PERL ON SOLARIS.
8457 =item Limits on Numbers of Open Files on Solaris.
8461 =item SOLARIS-SPECIFIC MODULES.
8463 =item SOLARIS-SPECIFIC PROBLEMS WITH MODULES.
8467 =item Proc::ProcessTable on Solaris
8469 =item BSD::Resource on Solaris
8471 =item Net::SSLeay on Solaris
8483 =head2 perltru64, README.tru64 - Perl version 5 on Tru64 (formerly known as
8484 Digital UNIX formerly known as DEC OSF/1) systems
8492 =item Compiling Perl 5 on Tru64
8494 =item Using Large Files with Perl on Tru64
8496 =item Threaded Perl on Tru64
8498 =item Long Doubles on Tru64
8500 =item DB_File tests failing on Tru64
8502 =item 64-bit Perl on Tru64
8504 =item Warnings about floating-point overflow when compiling Perl on Tru64
8508 =item Testing Perl on Tru64
8510 =item ext/ODBM_File/odbm Test Failing With Static Builds
8512 =item Perl Fails Because Of Unresolved Symbol sockatmark
8518 =head2 perluts - Perl under UTS
8526 =item BUILDING PERL ON UTS
8528 =item Installing the built perl on UTS
8534 =head2 perlvmesa, README.vmesa - building and installing Perl for VM/ESA.
8544 =item Unpacking Perl Distribution on VM/ESA
8546 =item Setup Perl and utilities on VM/ESA
8548 =item Configure Perl on VM/ESA
8550 =item Testing Anomalies of Perl on VM/ESA
8552 =item Usage Hints for Perl on VM/ESA
8562 =item Mailing list for Perl on VM/ESA
8568 =head2 perlvms - VMS-specific documentation for Perl
8576 =item Organization of Perl Images
8582 =item Perl Extensions
8584 =item Installing static extensions
8586 =item Installing dynamic extensions
8590 =item File specifications
8596 =item Wildcard expansion
8602 =item PERL5LIB and PERLLIB
8608 =item I/O redirection and backgrounding
8610 =item Command line switches
8616 =item Perl functions
8618 File tests, backticks, binmode FILEHANDLE, crypt PLAINTEXT, USER, dump,
8619 exec LIST, fork, getpwent, getpwnam, getpwuid, gmtime, kill, qx//, select
8620 (system call), stat EXPR, system LIST, time, times, unlink LIST, utime
8621 LIST, waitpid PID,FLAGS
8623 =item Perl variables
8625 %ENV, CRTL_ENV, CLISYM_[LOCAL], Any other string, $!, $^E, $?, $|
8627 =item Standard modules with VMS-specific differences
8641 =head2 perlvos, README.vos - Perl for Stratus VOS
8647 =item BUILDING PERL FOR VOS
8649 =item INSTALLING PERL IN VOS
8651 =item USING PERL IN VOS
8655 =item Restrictions of Perl on VOS
8657 =item Handling of underflow and overflow
8663 =item SUPPORT STATUS
8671 =head2 perlwin32 - Perl under Windows
8681 =item Setting Up Perl on Win32
8683 Make, Command Shell, Borland C++, Microsoft Visual C++, Microsoft Platform
8684 SDK 64-bit Compiler, MinGW32 with gcc, MinGW release 1
8688 =item Testing Perl on Win32
8690 =item Installation of Perl on Win32
8692 =item Usage Hints for Perl on Win32
8694 Environment Variables, File Globbing, Using perl from the command line,
8695 Building Extensions, Command-line Wildcard Expansion, Win32 Specific
8696 Extensions, Notes on 64-bit Windows
8698 =item Running Perl Scripts
8700 Miscellaneous Things
8704 =item BUGS AND CAVEATS
8708 Gary Ng E<lt>71564.1743@CompuServe.COME<gt>, Gurusamy Sarathy
8709 E<lt>gsar@activestate.comE<gt>, Nick Ing-Simmons
8710 E<lt>nick@ing-simmons.netE<gt>
8718 =head1 PRAGMA DOCUMENTATION
8720 =head2 attrs - set/get attributes of a subroutine (deprecated)
8732 =head2 re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour
8742 =head2 threadshared::shared, threads::shared - Perl extension for sharing
8743 data structures between threads
8755 share VARIABLE, lock VARIABLE, cond_wait VARIABLE, cond_signal VARIABLE,
8756 cond_broadcast VARIABLE
8768 =head2 threads - Perl extension allowing use of interpreter based threads
8777 $thread = threads->create(function, LIST), $thread->join, $thread->detach,
8778 threads->self, $thread->tid, threads->object( tid ), threads->yield();,
8779 threads->list();, async BLOCK;
8783 A thread exited while %d other threads were still running
8789 Parent-Child threads, Returning objects, Creating threads inside BEGIN
8790 blocks, PERL_OLD_SIGNALS are not threadsafe, will not be
8792 =item AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT
8798 =head2 assertions - select assertions in blocks of code
8810 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
8814 =head2 assertions::activate - activate assertions
8826 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
8830 =head2 attributes - get/set subroutine or variable attributes
8840 =item Built-in Attributes
8842 locked, method, lvalue
8844 =item Available Subroutines
8848 =item Package-specific Attribute Handling
8850 FETCH_I<type>_ATTRIBUTES, MODIFY_I<type>_ATTRIBUTES
8852 =item Syntax of Attribute Lists
8860 =item Default exports
8862 =item Available exports
8864 =item Export tags defined
8874 =head2 autouse - postpone load of modules until a function is used
8890 =head2 base - Establish IS-A relationship with base class at compile time
8906 =head2 bigint - Transparent BigInteger support for Perl
8918 a or accuracy, p or precision, t or trace, l or lib, v or version
8922 =item INTERNAL FORMAT
8944 =head2 bignum - Transparent BigNumber support for Perl
8956 a or accuracy, p or precision, t or trace, l or lib, v or version
8962 inf(), NaN(), upgrade()
8966 =item INTERNAL FORMAT
8984 =head2 bigrat - Transparent BigNumber/BigRational support for Perl
9008 perl -Mbigrat -le 'print sqrt(33)'
9009 perl -Mbigrat -le 'print 2*255'
9010 perl -Mbigrat -le 'print 4.5+2*255'
9011 perl -Mbigrat -le 'print 3/7 + 5/7 + 8/3'
9012 perl -Mbigrat -le 'print 12->is_odd()';
9022 =head2 blib - Use MakeMaker's uninstalled version of a package
9036 =head2 bytes - Perl pragma to force byte semantics rather than character
9051 =head2 charnames - define character names for C<\N{named}> string literal
9060 =item CUSTOM TRANSLATORS
9062 =item CUSTOM ALIASES
9066 =item Anonymous hashes
9070 =item Alias shortcut
9074 =item charnames::viacode(code)
9076 =item charnames::vianame(name)
9080 =item ILLEGAL CHARACTERS
9086 =head2 constant - Perl pragma to declare constants
9098 =item List constants
9100 =item Defining multiple constants at once
9102 =item Magic constants
9106 =item TECHNICAL NOTES
9116 =head2 diagnostics - Perl compiler pragma to force verbose warning
9127 =item The C<diagnostics> Pragma
9129 =item The I<splain> Program
9143 =head2 encoding - allows you to write your script in non-ascii or non-utf8
9153 =item Literal Conversions
9155 =item PerlIO layers for C<STD(IN|OUT)>
9159 =item FEATURES THAT REQUIRE 5.8.1
9161 "NON-EUC" doublebyte encodings, tr//, DATA pseudo-filehandle
9165 use encoding [I<ENCNAME>] ;, use encoding I<ENCNAME> [ STDIN =E<gt>
9166 I<ENCNAME_IN> ...] ;, use encoding I<ENCNAME> Filter=E<gt>1;, no encoding;
9168 =item The Filter Option
9172 =item Filter-related changes at Encode version 1.87
9182 =item DO NOT MIX MULTIPLE ENCODINGS
9184 =item tr/// with ranges
9186 Legend of characters above
9190 =item EXAMPLE - Greekperl
9192 =item KNOWN PROBLEMS
9194 literals in regex that are longer than 127 bytes, EBCDIC, format
9202 =head2 fields - compile-time class fields
9216 =head2 filetest - Perl pragma to control the filetest permission operators
9226 =item subpragma access
9232 =head2 if - C<use> a Perl module if a condition holds
9246 =head2 integer - Perl pragma to use integer arithmetic instead of floating
9257 =head2 less - perl pragma to request less of something from the compiler
9267 =head2 lib - manipulate @INC at compile time
9277 =item Adding directories to @INC
9279 =item Deleting directories from @INC
9281 =item Restoring original @INC
9295 =head2 locale - Perl pragma to use and avoid POSIX locales for built-in
9306 =head2 open - perl pragma to set default PerlIO layers for input and output
9314 =item NONPERLIO FUNCTIONALITY
9316 =item IMPLEMENTATION DETAILS
9322 =head2 ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when compiling
9334 =head2 overload - Package for overloading perl operations
9344 =item Declaration of overloaded functions
9346 =item Calling Conventions for Binary Operations
9348 FALSE, TRUE, C<undef>
9350 =item Calling Conventions for Unary Operations
9352 =item Calling Conventions for Mutators
9354 C<++> and C<-->, C<x=> and other assignment versions
9356 =item Overloadable Operations
9358 I<Arithmetic operations>, I<Comparison operations>, I<Bit operations>,
9359 I<Increment and decrement>, I<Transcendental functions>, I<Boolean, string
9360 and numeric conversion>, I<Iteration>, I<Dereferencing>, I<Special>
9362 =item Inheritance and overloading
9364 Strings as values of C<use overload> directive, Overloading of an operation
9365 is inherited by derived classes
9369 =item SPECIAL SYMBOLS FOR C<use overload>
9377 C<undef>, TRUE, defined, but FALSE
9379 =item Copy Constructor
9385 =item MAGIC AUTOGENERATION
9387 I<Assignment forms of arithmetic operations>, I<Conversion operations>,
9388 I<Increment and decrement>, C<abs($a)>, I<Unary minus>, I<Negation>,
9389 I<Concatenation>, I<Comparison operations>, I<Iterator>, I<Dereferencing>,
9392 =item Losing overloading
9394 =item Run-time Overloading
9396 =item Public functions
9398 overload::StrVal(arg), overload::Overloaded(arg), overload::Method(obj,op)
9400 =item Overloading constants
9402 integer, float, binary, q, qr
9404 =item IMPLEMENTATION
9406 =item Metaphor clash
9412 =item Two-face scalars
9414 =item Two-face references
9416 =item Symbolic calculator
9418 =item I<Really> symbolic calculator
9426 Odd number of arguments for overload::constant, `%s' is not an overloadable
9427 type, `%s' is not a code reference
9433 =head2 sigtrap - Perl pragma to enable simple signal handling
9445 =item SIGNAL HANDLERS
9447 B<stack-trace>, B<die>, B<handler> I<your-handler>
9451 B<normal-signals>, B<error-signals>, B<old-interface-signals>
9455 B<untrapped>, B<any>, I<signal>, I<number>
9463 =head2 sort - perl pragma to control sort() behaviour
9475 =head2 strict - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe constructs
9483 C<strict refs>, C<strict vars>, C<strict subs>
9489 =head2 subs - Perl pragma to predeclare sub names
9499 =head2 threadshared, threads::shared - Perl extension for sharing data
9500 structures between threads
9512 share VARIABLE, lock VARIABLE, cond_wait VARIABLE, cond_signal VARIABLE,
9513 cond_broadcast VARIABLE
9525 =head2 utf8 - Perl pragma to enable/disable UTF-8 (or UTF-EBCDIC) in source
9536 =item Utility functions
9538 $num_octets = utf8::upgrade($string), $success = utf8::downgrade($string[,
9539 FAIL_OK]), utf8::encode($string), utf8::decode($string), $flag =
9540 utf8::is_utf8(STRING), $flag = utf8::valid(STRING)
9550 =head2 vars - Perl pragma to predeclare global variable names (obsolete)
9560 =head2 version - Perl extension for Version Objects
9570 =item What IS a version
9572 Numeric Versions, V-String Versions
9574 =item Numeric Versions
9576 =item V-String Versions
9578 =item Object Methods
9580 New Operator, Stringification, Numification, Comparison operators, Logical
9585 =item Types of Versions Objects
9587 Ordinary versions, alpha versions
9589 =item Replacement UNIVERSAL::VERSION
9601 =head2 vmsish - Perl pragma to control VMS-specific language features
9609 C<vmsish status>, C<vmsish exit>, C<vmsish time>, C<vmsish hushed>
9613 =head2 warnings - Perl pragma to control optional warnings
9621 use warnings::register, warnings::enabled(), warnings::enabled($category),
9622 warnings::enabled($object), warnings::warn($message),
9623 warnings::warn($category, $message), warnings::warn($object, $message),
9624 warnings::warnif($message), warnings::warnif($category, $message),
9625 warnings::warnif($object, $message)
9629 =head2 warnings::register - warnings import function
9639 =head1 MODULE DOCUMENTATION
9641 =head2 AnyDBM_File - provide framework for multiple DBMs
9651 =item DBM Comparisons
9661 =head2 Attribute::Handlers - Simpler definition of attribute handlers
9671 [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5]
9675 =item Typed lexicals
9677 =item Type-specific attribute handlers
9679 =item Non-interpretive attribute handlers
9681 =item Phase-specific attribute handlers
9683 =item Attributes as C<tie> interfaces
9691 C<Bad attribute type: ATTR(%s)>, C<Attribute handler %s doesn't handle %s
9692 attributes>, C<Declaration of %s attribute in package %s may clash with
9693 future reserved word>, C<Can't have two ATTR specifiers on one subroutine>,
9694 C<Can't autotie a %s>, C<Internal error: %s symbol went missing>, C<Won't
9695 be able to apply END handler>
9705 =head2 AutoLoader - load subroutines only on demand
9715 =item Subroutine Stubs
9717 =item Using B<AutoLoader>'s AUTOLOAD Subroutine
9719 =item Overriding B<AutoLoader>'s AUTOLOAD Subroutine
9721 =item Package Lexicals
9723 =item Not Using AutoLoader
9725 =item B<AutoLoader> vs. B<SelfLoader>
9735 =head2 AutoSplit - split a package for autoloading
9743 $keep, $check, $modtime
9747 =item Multiple packages
9755 =head2 B - The Perl Compiler
9765 =item Utility Functions
9769 =item Functions Returning C<B::SV>, C<B::AV>, C<B::HV>, and C<B::CV>
9772 sv_undef, sv_yes, sv_no, svref_2object(SVREF), amagic_generation, init_av,
9773 check_av, begin_av, end_av, comppadlist, regex_padav, main_cv
9775 =item Functions for Examining the Symbol Table
9777 walksymtable(SYMREF, METHOD, RECURSE, PREFIX)
9779 =item Functions Returning C<B::OP> objects or for walking op trees
9781 main_root, main_start, walkoptree(OP, METHOD), walkoptree_debug(DEBUG)
9783 =item Miscellaneous Utility Functions
9785 ppname(OPNUM), hash(STR), cast_I32(I), minus_c, cstring(STR),
9786 perlstring(STR), class(OBJ), threadsv_names
9790 =item OVERVIEW OF CLASSES
9794 =item SV-RELATED CLASSES
9798 REFCNT, FLAGS, object_2svref
9802 IV, IVX, UVX, int_value, needs64bits, packiv
9816 =item B::PVMG Methods
9820 =item B::MAGIC Methods
9822 MOREMAGIC, precomp, PRIVATE, TYPE, FLAGS, OBJ, PTR, REGEX
9824 =item B::PVLV Methods
9826 TARGOFF, TARGLEN, TYPE, TARG
9830 USEFUL, PREVIOUS, RARE, TABLE
9834 is_empty, NAME, SAFENAME, STASH, SV, IO, FORM, AV, HV, EGV, CV, CVGEN,
9835 LINE, FILE, FILEGV, GvREFCNT, FLAGS
9839 LINES, PAGE, PAGE_LEN, LINES_LEFT, TOP_NAME, TOP_GV, FMT_NAME, FMT_GV,
9840 BOTTOM_NAME, BOTTOM_GV, SUBPROCESS, IoTYPE, IoFLAGS, IsSTD
9844 FILL, MAX, OFF, ARRAY, ARRAYelt, AvFLAGS
9848 STASH, START, ROOT, GV, FILE, DEPTH, PADLIST, OUTSIDE, OUTSIDE_SEQ, XSUB,
9849 XSUBANY, CvFLAGS, const_sv
9853 FILL, MAX, KEYS, RITER, NAME, PMROOT, ARRAY
9855 =item OP-RELATED CLASSES
9859 next, sibling, name, ppaddr, desc, targ, type, seq, flags, private
9861 =item B::UNOP METHOD
9865 =item B::BINOP METHOD
9869 =item B::LOGOP METHOD
9873 =item B::LISTOP METHOD
9877 =item B::PMOP Methods
9879 pmreplroot, pmreplstart, pmnext, pmregexp, pmflags, pmdynflags,
9880 pmpermflags, precomp, pmoffset
9882 =item B::SVOP METHOD
9886 =item B::PADOP METHOD
9890 =item B::PVOP METHOD
9894 =item B::LOOP Methods
9896 redoop, nextop, lastop
9898 =item B::COP Methods
9900 label, stash, stashpv, file, cop_seq, arybase, line, warnings, io
9908 =head2 B::Asmdata - Autogenerated data about Perl ops, used to generate
9917 %insn_data, @insn_name, @optype, @specialsv_name
9923 =head2 B::Assembler - Assemble Perl bytecode
9935 =head2 B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks
9955 =head2 B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend
9967 B<-b>, B<-H>, B<-k>, B<-o>I<outfile>, B<-s>
9977 =head2 B::C - Perl compiler's C backend
9987 B<-ofilename>, B<-v>, B<-->, B<-uPackname>, B<-D>, B<-Do>, B<-Dc>, B<-DA>,
9988 B<-DC>, B<-DM>, B<-f>, B<-fcog>, B<-fsave-data>, B<-fppaddr>, B<-fwarn-sv>,
9989 B<-fuse-script-name>, B<-fsave-sig-hash>, B<-On>, B<-O0>, B<-O1>, B<-O2>,
10000 =head2 B::CC - Perl compiler's optimized C translation backend
10010 B<-ofilename>, B<-v>, B<-->, B<-uPackname>, B<-mModulename>, B<-D>, B<-Dr>,
10011 B<-DO>, B<-Ds>, B<-Dp>, B<-Dq>, B<-Dl>, B<-Dt>, B<-f>,
10012 B<-ffreetmps-each-bblock>, B<-ffreetmps-each-loop>, B<-fomit-taint>, B<-On>
10024 =item Context of ".."
10028 =item Deprecated features
10036 =head2 B::Concise - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing concise info about ops
10048 B<-basic>, B<-exec>, B<-tree>, B<-compact>, B<-loose>, B<-vt>, B<-ascii>,
10049 B<-main>, B<-base>I<n>, B<-bigendian>, B<-littleendian>, B<-concise>,
10050 B<-terse>, B<-linenoise>, B<-debug>, B<-env>
10052 =item FORMATTING SPECIFICATIONS
10054 B<(x(>I<exec_text>B<;>I<basic_text>B<)x)>, B<(*(>I<text>B<)*)>,
10055 B<(*(>I<text1>B<;>I<text2>B<)*)>, B<(?(>I<text1>B<#>I<var>I<Text2>B<)?)>,
10056 B<#>I<var>, B<#>I<var>I<N>, B<~>, B<#addr>, B<#arg>, B<#class>,
10057 B<#classsym>, B<#coplabel>, B<#exname>, B<#extarg>, B<#firstaddr>,
10058 B<#flags>, B<#flagval>, B<#hyphseq>, B<#label>, B<#lastaddr>, B<#name>,
10059 B<#NAME>, B<#next>, B<#nextaddr>, B<#noise>, B<#private>, B<#privval>,
10060 B<#seq>, B<#seqnum>, B<#sibaddr>, B<#svaddr>, B<#svclass>, B<#svval>,
10061 B<#targ>, B<#targarg>, B<#targarglife>, B<#typenum>
10063 =item ABBREVIATIONS
10067 =item OP flags abbreviations
10069 =item OP class abbreviations
10073 =item Using B::Concise outside of the O framework
10079 =head2 B::Debug - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing debug info about ops
10091 =head2 B::Deparse - Perl compiler backend to produce perl code
10101 B<-d>, B<-f>I<FILE>, B<-l>, B<-p>, B<-P>, B<-q>, B<-s>I<LETTERS>, B<C>,
10102 B<i>I<NUMBER>, B<T>, B<v>I<STRING>B<.>, B<-x>I<LEVEL>
10104 =item USING B::Deparse AS A MODULE
10114 =item ambient_pragmas
10116 strict, $[, bytes, utf8, integer, re, warnings, hint_bits, warning_bits
10128 =head2 B::Disassembler - Disassemble Perl bytecode
10140 =head2 B::Lint - Perl lint
10148 =item OPTIONS AND LINT CHECKS
10150 B<context>, B<implicit-read> and B<implicit-write>, B<bare-subs>,
10151 B<dollar-underscore>, B<private-names>, B<undefined-subs>,
10152 B<regexp-variables>, B<all>, B<none>
10154 =item NON LINT-CHECK OPTIONS
10164 =head2 B::O, O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends
10174 =item IMPLEMENTATION
10182 =head2 B::Showlex - Show lexical variables used in functions or files
10194 =head2 B::Stackobj - Helper module for CC backend
10206 =head2 B::Stash - show what stashes are loaded
10208 =head2 B::Terse - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing terse info about ops
10220 =head2 B::Xref - Generates cross reference reports for Perl programs
10230 C<-oFILENAME>, C<-r>, C<-d>, C<-D[tO]>
10238 =head2 Bblock, B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks
10258 =head2 Benchmark - benchmark running times of Perl code
10272 =item Standard Exports
10274 timeit(COUNT, CODE), timethis ( COUNT, CODE, [ TITLE, [ STYLE ]] ),
10275 timethese ( COUNT, CODEHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), timediff ( T1, T2 ), timestr (
10276 TIMEDIFF, [ STYLE, [ FORMAT ] ] )
10278 =item Optional Exports
10280 clearcache ( COUNT ), clearallcache ( ), cmpthese ( COUNT, CODEHASHREF, [
10281 STYLE ] ), cmpthese ( RESULTSHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), countit(TIME, CODE),
10282 disablecache ( ), enablecache ( ), timesum ( T1, T2 )
10284 =item :hireswallclock
10300 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
10304 =head2 ByteLoader - load byte compiled perl code
10318 =head2 Bytecode, B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend
10330 B<-b>, B<-H>, B<-k>, B<-o>I<outfile>, B<-s>
10340 =head2 CGI - Simple Common Gateway Interface Class
10352 =item PROGRAMMING STYLE
10354 =item CALLING CGI.PM ROUTINES
10356 =item CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT (OBJECT-ORIENTED STYLE):
10358 =item CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT FROM AN INPUT FILE
10360 =item FETCHING A LIST OF KEYWORDS FROM THE QUERY:
10362 =item FETCHING THE NAMES OF ALL THE PARAMETERS PASSED TO YOUR SCRIPT:
10364 =item FETCHING THE VALUE OR VALUES OF A SINGLE NAMED PARAMETER:
10366 =item SETTING THE VALUE(S) OF A NAMED PARAMETER:
10368 =item APPENDING ADDITIONAL VALUES TO A NAMED PARAMETER:
10370 =item IMPORTING ALL PARAMETERS INTO A NAMESPACE:
10372 =item DELETING A PARAMETER COMPLETELY:
10374 =item DELETING ALL PARAMETERS:
10376 =item DIRECT ACCESS TO THE PARAMETER LIST:
10378 =item FETCHING THE PARAMETER LIST AS A HASH:
10380 =item SAVING THE STATE OF THE SCRIPT TO A FILE:
10382 =item RETRIEVING CGI ERRORS
10384 =item USING THE FUNCTION-ORIENTED INTERFACE
10386 B<:cgi>, B<:form>, B<:html2>, B<:html3>, B<:html4>, B<:netscape>, B<:html>,
10387 B<:standard>, B<:all>
10391 -any, -compile, -nosticky, -no_undef_params, -no_xhtml, -nph,
10392 -newstyle_urls, -oldstyle_urls, -autoload, -no_debug, -debug,
10395 =item SPECIAL FORMS FOR IMPORTING HTML-TAG FUNCTIONS
10397 1. start_table() (generates a <table> tag), 2. end_table() (generates a
10398 </table> tag), 3. start_ul() (generates a <ul> tag), 4. end_ul() (generates
10403 =item GENERATING DYNAMIC DOCUMENTS
10407 =item CREATING A STANDARD HTTP HEADER:
10409 =item GENERATING A REDIRECTION HEADER
10411 =item CREATING THE HTML DOCUMENT HEADER
10413 B<Parameters:>, 4, 5, 6..
10415 =item ENDING THE HTML DOCUMENT:
10417 =item CREATING A SELF-REFERENCING URL THAT PRESERVES STATE INFORMATION:
10419 =item OBTAINING THE SCRIPT'S URL
10421 B<-absolute>, B<-relative>, B<-full>, B<-path> (B<-path_info>), B<-query>
10422 (B<-query_string>), B<-base>
10424 =item MIXING POST AND URL PARAMETERS
10428 =item CREATING STANDARD HTML ELEMENTS:
10432 =item PROVIDING ARGUMENTS TO HTML SHORTCUTS
10434 =item THE DISTRIBUTIVE PROPERTY OF HTML SHORTCUTS
10436 =item HTML SHORTCUTS AND LIST INTERPOLATION
10438 =item NON-STANDARD HTML SHORTCUTS
10440 =item AUTOESCAPING HTML
10442 $escaped_string = escapeHTML("unescaped string");, $charset =
10443 charset([$charset]);, $flag = autoEscape([$flag]);
10445 =item PRETTY-PRINTING HTML
10449 =item CREATING FILL-OUT FORMS:
10453 =item CREATING AN ISINDEX TAG
10455 =item STARTING AND ENDING A FORM
10457 B<application/x-www-form-urlencoded>, B<multipart/form-data>
10459 =item CREATING A TEXT FIELD
10463 =item CREATING A BIG TEXT FIELD
10465 =item CREATING A PASSWORD FIELD
10467 =item CREATING A FILE UPLOAD FIELD
10471 =item CREATING A POPUP MENU
10473 =item CREATING AN OPTION GROUP
10475 =item CREATING A SCROLLING LIST
10479 =item CREATING A GROUP OF RELATED CHECKBOXES
10483 =item CREATING A STANDALONE CHECKBOX
10487 =item CREATING A RADIO BUTTON GROUP
10491 =item CREATING A SUBMIT BUTTON
10495 =item CREATING A RESET BUTTON
10497 =item CREATING A DEFAULT BUTTON
10499 =item CREATING A HIDDEN FIELD
10503 =item CREATING A CLICKABLE IMAGE BUTTON
10505 B<Parameters:>, 3. The third option (-align, optional) is an alignment
10506 type, and may be TOP, BOTTOM or MIDDLE
10508 =item CREATING A JAVASCRIPT ACTION BUTTON
10514 1. an expiration time, 2. a domain, 3. a path, 4. a "secure" flag,
10515 B<-name>, B<-value>, B<-path>, B<-domain>, B<-expires>, B<-secure>
10517 =item WORKING WITH FRAMES
10519 1. Create a <Frameset> document, 2. Specify the destination for the
10520 document in the HTTP header, 3. Specify the destination for the document in
10523 =item LIMITED SUPPORT FOR CASCADING STYLE SHEETS
10529 =item DUMPING OUT ALL THE NAME/VALUE PAIRS
10533 =item FETCHING ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
10535 B<Accept()>, B<raw_cookie()>, B<user_agent()>, B<path_info()>,
10536 B<path_translated()>, B<remote_host()>, B<script_name()> Return the script
10537 name as a partial URL, for self-refering scripts, B<referer()>, B<auth_type
10538 ()>, B<server_name ()>, B<virtual_host ()>, B<server_port ()>,
10539 B<server_software ()>, B<remote_user ()>, B<user_name ()>,
10540 B<request_method()>, B<content_type()>, B<http()>, B<https()>
10542 =item USING NPH SCRIPTS
10544 In the B<use> statement, By calling the B<nph()> method:, By using B<-nph>
10549 multipart_init(), multipart_start(), multipart_end(), multipart_final()
10551 =item Avoiding Denial of Service Attacks
10553 B<$CGI::POST_MAX>, B<$CGI::DISABLE_UPLOADS>, B<1. On a script-by-script
10554 basis>, B<2. Globally for all scripts>
10556 =item COMPATIBILITY WITH CGI-LIB.PL
10558 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
10562 Matt Heffron (heffron@falstaff.css.beckman.com), James Taylor
10563 (james.taylor@srs.gov), Scott Anguish <sanguish@digifix.com>, Mike Jewell
10564 (mlj3u@virginia.edu), Timothy Shimmin (tes@kbs.citri.edu.au), Joergen Haegg
10565 (jh@axis.se), Laurent Delfosse (delfosse@delfosse.com), Richard Resnick
10566 (applepi1@aol.com), Craig Bishop (csb@barwonwater.vic.gov.au), Tony Curtis
10567 (tc@vcpc.univie.ac.at), Tim Bunce (Tim.Bunce@ig.co.uk), Tom Christiansen
10568 (tchrist@convex.com), Andreas Koenig (k@franz.ww.TU-Berlin.DE), Tim
10569 MacKenzie (Tim.MacKenzie@fulcrum.com.au), Kevin B. Hendricks
10570 (kbhend@dogwood.tyler.wm.edu), Stephen Dahmen (joyfire@inxpress.net), Ed
10571 Jordan (ed@fidalgo.net), David Alan Pisoni (david@cnation.com), Doug
10572 MacEachern (dougm@opengroup.org), Robin Houston (robin@oneworld.org),
10573 ...and many many more..
10575 =item A COMPLETE EXAMPLE OF A SIMPLE FORM-BASED SCRIPT
10583 =head2 CGI::Apache - Backward compatibility module for CGI.pm
10593 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
10601 =head2 CGI::Carp, B<CGI::Carp> - CGI routines for writing to the HTTPD (or
10610 =item REDIRECTING ERROR MESSAGES
10612 =item MAKING PERL ERRORS APPEAR IN THE BROWSER WINDOW
10616 =item Changing the default message
10620 =item MAKING WARNINGS APPEAR AS HTML COMMENTS
10622 =item OVERRIDING THE NAME OF THE PROGRAM
10630 =head2 CGI::Cookie - Interface to Netscape Cookies
10638 =item USING CGI::Cookie
10640 B<1. expiration date>, B<2. domain>, B<3. path>, B<4. secure flag>
10644 =item Creating New Cookies
10646 =item Sending the Cookie to the Browser
10648 =item Recovering Previous Cookies
10650 =item Manipulating Cookies
10652 B<name()>, B<value()>, B<domain()>, B<path()>, B<expires()>
10656 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
10664 =head2 CGI::Fast - CGI Interface for Fast CGI
10672 =item OTHER PIECES OF THE PUZZLE
10674 =item WRITING FASTCGI PERL SCRIPTS
10676 =item INSTALLING FASTCGI SCRIPTS
10678 =item USING FASTCGI SCRIPTS AS CGI SCRIPTS
10680 =item EXTERNAL FASTCGI SERVER INVOCATION
10682 FCGI_SOCKET_PATH, FCGI_LISTEN_QUEUE
10686 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
10694 =head2 CGI::Pretty - module to produce nicely formatted HTML code
10704 =item Tags that won't be formatted
10706 =item Customizing the Indenting
10718 =head2 CGI::Push - Simple Interface to Server Push
10726 =item USING CGI::Push
10728 -next_page, -last_page, -type, -delay, -cookie, -target, -expires, -nph
10732 =item Heterogeneous Pages
10734 =item Changing the Page Delay on the Fly
10738 =item INSTALLING CGI::Push SCRIPTS
10740 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
10748 =head2 CGI::Switch - Backward compatibility module for defunct CGI::Switch
10758 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
10766 =head2 CGI::Util - Internal utilities used by CGI module
10774 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
10780 =head2 CPAN - query, download and build perl modules from CPAN sites
10792 =item Interactive Mode
10794 Searching for authors, bundles, distribution files and modules, make, test,
10795 install, clean modules or distributions, get, readme, look module or
10796 distribution, ls author, Signals
10804 =item The four C<CPAN::*> Classes: Author, Bundle, Module, Distribution
10806 =item Programmer's interface
10808 expand($type,@things), expandany(@things), Programming Examples
10810 =item Methods in the other Classes
10812 CPAN::Author::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Author::as_string(),
10813 CPAN::Author::email(), CPAN::Author::fullname(), CPAN::Author::name(),
10814 CPAN::Bundle::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Bundle::as_string(),
10815 CPAN::Bundle::clean(), CPAN::Bundle::contains(),
10816 CPAN::Bundle::force($method,@args), CPAN::Bundle::get(),
10817 CPAN::Bundle::inst_file(), CPAN::Bundle::inst_version(),
10818 CPAN::Bundle::uptodate(), CPAN::Bundle::install(), CPAN::Bundle::make(),
10819 CPAN::Bundle::readme(), CPAN::Bundle::test(),
10820 CPAN::Distribution::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Distribution::as_string(),
10821 CPAN::Distribution::clean(), CPAN::Distribution::containsmods(),
10822 CPAN::Distribution::cvs_import(), CPAN::Distribution::dir(),
10823 CPAN::Distribution::force($method,@args), CPAN::Distribution::get(),
10824 CPAN::Distribution::install(), CPAN::Distribution::isa_perl(),
10825 CPAN::Distribution::look(), CPAN::Distribution::make(),
10826 CPAN::Distribution::prereq_pm(), CPAN::Distribution::readme(),
10827 CPAN::Distribution::test(), CPAN::Distribution::uptodate(),
10828 CPAN::Index::force_reload(), CPAN::Index::reload(), CPAN::InfoObj::dump(),
10829 CPAN::Module::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Module::as_string(),
10830 CPAN::Module::clean(), CPAN::Module::cpan_file(),
10831 CPAN::Module::cpan_version(), CPAN::Module::cvs_import(),
10832 CPAN::Module::description(), CPAN::Module::force($method,@args),
10833 CPAN::Module::get(), CPAN::Module::inst_file(),
10834 CPAN::Module::inst_version(), CPAN::Module::install(),
10835 CPAN::Module::look(), CPAN::Module::make(),
10836 CPAN::Module::manpage_headline(), CPAN::Module::readme(),
10837 CPAN::Module::test(), CPAN::Module::uptodate(), CPAN::Module::userid()
10839 =item Cache Manager
10843 =item Prerequisites
10845 =item Finding packages and VERSION
10849 =item Floppy, Zip, Offline Mode
10853 =item CONFIGURATION
10855 C<o conf E<lt>scalar optionE<gt>>, C<o conf E<lt>scalar optionE<gt>
10856 E<lt>valueE<gt>>, C<o conf E<lt>list optionE<gt>>, C<o conf E<lt>list
10857 optionE<gt> [shift|pop]>, C<o conf E<lt>list optionE<gt>
10858 [unshift|push|splice] E<lt>listE<gt>>
10862 =item Note on urllist parameter's format
10864 =item urllist parameter has CD-ROM support
10872 =item POPULATE AN INSTALLATION WITH LOTS OF MODULES
10874 =item WORKING WITH CPAN.pm BEHIND FIREWALLS
10878 =item Three basic types of firewalls
10880 http firewall, ftp firewall, One way visibility, SOCKS, IP Masquerade
10882 =item Configuring lynx or ncftp for going through a firewall
10888 1), 2), 3), 4), 5), 6), 7), 8), 9), 10)
10900 =head2 CPAN::FirstTime - Utility for CPAN::Config file Initialization
10910 =head2 CPANox, CPAN::Nox - Wrapper around CPAN.pm without using any XS
10923 =head2 Carp, carp - warn of errors (from perspective of caller)
10933 =item Forcing a Stack Trace
10941 =head2 Carp::Heavy, Carp heavy machinery - no user serviceable parts inside
10943 =head2 Class::ISA -- report the search path for a class's ISA tree
10953 the function Class::ISA::super_path($CLASS), the function
10954 Class::ISA::self_and_super_path($CLASS), the function
10955 Class::ISA::self_and_super_versions($CLASS)
10957 =item CAUTIONARY NOTES
10965 =head2 Class::Struct - declare struct-like datatypes as Perl classes
10975 =item The C<struct()> function
10977 =item Class Creation at Compile Time
10979 =item Element Types and Accessor Methods
10981 Scalar (C<'$'> or C<'*$'>), Array (C<'@'> or C<'*@'>), Hash (C<'%'> or
10982 C<'*%'>), Class (C<'Class_Name'> or C<'*Class_Name'>)
10984 =item Initializing with C<new>
10990 Example 1, Example 2, Example 3
10992 =item Author and Modification History
10996 =head2 Config - access Perl configuration information
11004 myconfig(), config_sh(), config_re($regex), config_vars(@names)
11016 C<_a>, C<_exe>, C<_o>
11020 C<afs>, C<afsroot>, C<alignbytes>, C<ansi2knr>, C<aphostname>,
11021 C<api_revision>, C<api_subversion>, C<api_version>, C<api_versionstring>,
11022 C<ar>, C<archlib>, C<archlibexp>, C<archname64>, C<archname>, C<archobjs>,
11023 C<asctime_r_proto>, C<awk>
11027 C<baserev>, C<bash>, C<bin>, C<binexp>, C<bison>, C<byacc>, C<byteorder>
11031 C<c>, C<castflags>, C<cat>, C<cc>, C<cccdlflags>, C<ccdlflags>, C<ccflags>,
11032 C<ccflags_uselargefiles>, C<ccname>, C<ccsymbols>, C<ccversion>, C<cf_by>,
11033 C<cf_email>, C<cf_time>, C<charsize>, C<chgrp>, C<chmod>, C<chown>,
11034 C<clocktype>, C<comm>, C<compress>, C<contains>, C<cp>, C<cpio>, C<cpp>,
11035 C<cpp_stuff>, C<cppccsymbols>, C<cppflags>, C<cpplast>, C<cppminus>,
11036 C<cpprun>, C<cppstdin>, C<cppsymbols>, C<crypt_r_proto>, C<cryptlib>,
11037 C<csh>, C<ctermid_r_proto>, C<ctime_r_proto>
11041 C<d__fwalk>, C<d_access>, C<d_accessx>, C<d_aintl>, C<d_alarm>,
11042 C<d_archlib>, C<d_asctime_r>, C<d_atolf>, C<d_atoll>, C<d_attribut>,
11043 C<d_bcmp>, C<d_bcopy>, C<d_bsd>, C<d_bsdgetpgrp>, C<d_bsdsetpgrp>,
11044 C<d_bzero>, C<d_casti32>, C<d_castneg>, C<d_charvspr>, C<d_chown>,
11045 C<d_chroot>, C<d_chsize>, C<d_class>, C<d_closedir>, C<d_cmsghdr_s>,
11046 C<d_const>, C<d_copysignl>, C<d_crypt>, C<d_crypt_r>, C<d_csh>,
11047 C<d_ctermid_r>, C<d_ctime_r>, C<d_cuserid>, C<d_dbl_dig>,
11048 C<d_dbminitproto>, C<d_difftime>, C<d_dirfd>, C<d_dirnamlen>, C<d_dlerror>,
11049 C<d_dlopen>, C<d_dlsymun>, C<d_dosuid>, C<d_drand48_r>, C<d_drand48proto>,
11050 C<d_dup2>, C<d_eaccess>, C<d_endgrent>, C<d_endgrent_r>, C<d_endhent>,
11051 C<d_endhostent_r>, C<d_endnent>, C<d_endnetent_r>, C<d_endpent>,
11052 C<d_endprotoent_r>, C<d_endpwent>, C<d_endpwent_r>, C<d_endsent>,
11053 C<d_endservent_r>, C<d_eofnblk>, C<d_eunice>, C<d_faststdio>, C<d_fchdir>,
11054 C<d_fchmod>, C<d_fchown>, C<d_fcntl>, C<d_fcntl_can_lock>, C<d_fd_macros>,
11055 C<d_fd_set>, C<d_fds_bits>, C<d_fgetpos>, C<d_finite>, C<d_finitel>,
11056 C<d_flexfnam>, C<d_flock>, C<d_flockproto>, C<d_fork>, C<d_fp_class>,
11057 C<d_fpathconf>, C<d_fpclass>, C<d_fpclassify>, C<d_fpclassl>,
11058 C<d_fpos64_t>, C<d_frexpl>, C<d_fs_data_s>, C<d_fseeko>, C<d_fsetpos>,
11059 C<d_fstatfs>, C<d_fstatvfs>, C<d_fsync>, C<d_ftello>, C<d_ftime>,
11060 C<d_Gconvert>, C<d_getcwd>, C<d_getespwnam>, C<d_getfsstat>, C<d_getgrent>,
11061 C<d_getgrent_r>, C<d_getgrgid_r>, C<d_getgrnam_r>, C<d_getgrps>,
11062 C<d_gethbyaddr>, C<d_gethbyname>, C<d_gethent>, C<d_gethname>,
11063 C<d_gethostbyaddr_r>, C<d_gethostbyname_r>, C<d_gethostent_r>,
11064 C<d_gethostprotos>, C<d_getitimer>, C<d_getlogin>, C<d_getlogin_r>,
11065 C<d_getmnt>, C<d_getmntent>, C<d_getnbyaddr>, C<d_getnbyname>,
11066 C<d_getnent>, C<d_getnetbyaddr_r>, C<d_getnetbyname_r>, C<d_getnetent_r>,
11067 C<d_getnetprotos>, C<d_getpagsz>, C<d_getpbyname>, C<d_getpbynumber>,
11068 C<d_getpent>, C<d_getpgid>, C<d_getpgrp2>, C<d_getpgrp>, C<d_getppid>,
11069 C<d_getprior>, C<d_getprotobyname_r>, C<d_getprotobynumber_r>,
11070 C<d_getprotoent_r>, C<d_getprotoprotos>, C<d_getprpwnam>, C<d_getpwent>,
11071 C<d_getpwent_r>, C<d_getpwnam_r>, C<d_getpwuid_r>, C<d_getsbyname>,
11072 C<d_getsbyport>, C<d_getsent>, C<d_getservbyname_r>, C<d_getservbyport_r>,
11073 C<d_getservent_r>, C<d_getservprotos>, C<d_getspnam>, C<d_getspnam_r>,
11074 C<d_gettimeod>, C<d_gmtime_r>, C<d_gnulibc>, C<d_grpasswd>, C<d_hasmntopt>,
11075 C<d_htonl>, C<d_ilogbl>, C<d_index>, C<d_inetaton>, C<d_int64_t>,
11076 C<d_isascii>, C<d_isfinite>, C<d_isinf>, C<d_isnan>, C<d_isnanl>,
11077 C<d_killpg>, C<d_lchown>, C<d_ldbl_dig>, C<d_link>, C<d_localtime_r>,
11078 C<d_locconv>, C<d_lockf>, C<d_longdbl>, C<d_longlong>, C<d_lseekproto>,
11079 C<d_lstat>, C<d_madvise>, C<d_mblen>, C<d_mbstowcs>, C<d_mbtowc>,
11080 C<d_memchr>, C<d_memcmp>, C<d_memcpy>, C<d_memmove>, C<d_memset>,
11081 C<d_mkdir>, C<d_mkdtemp>, C<d_mkfifo>, C<d_mkstemp>, C<d_mkstemps>,
11082 C<d_mktime>, C<d_mmap>, C<d_modfl>, C<d_modfl_pow32_bug>, C<d_modflproto>,
11083 C<d_mprotect>, C<d_msg>, C<d_msg_ctrunc>, C<d_msg_dontroute>, C<d_msg_oob>,
11084 C<d_msg_peek>, C<d_msg_proxy>, C<d_msgctl>, C<d_msgget>, C<d_msghdr_s>,
11085 C<d_msgrcv>, C<d_msgsnd>, C<d_msync>, C<d_munmap>, C<d_mymalloc>,
11086 C<d_nice>, C<d_nl_langinfo>, C<d_nv_preserves_uv>, C<d_off64_t>,
11087 C<d_old_pthread_create_joinable>, C<d_oldpthreads>, C<d_oldsock>,
11088 C<d_open3>, C<d_pathconf>, C<d_pause>, C<d_perl_otherlibdirs>,
11089 C<d_phostname>, C<d_pipe>, C<d_poll>, C<d_portable>, C<d_PRId64>,
11090 C<d_PRIeldbl>, C<d_PRIEUldbl>, C<d_PRIfldbl>, C<d_PRIFUldbl>,
11091 C<d_PRIgldbl>, C<d_PRIGUldbl>, C<d_PRIi64>, C<d_PRIo64>, C<d_PRIu64>,
11092 C<d_PRIx64>, C<d_PRIXU64>, C<d_procselfexe>, C<d_pthread_atfork>,
11093 C<d_pthread_attr_setscope>, C<d_pthread_yield>, C<d_pwage>, C<d_pwchange>,
11094 C<d_pwclass>, C<d_pwcomment>, C<d_pwexpire>, C<d_pwgecos>, C<d_pwpasswd>,
11095 C<d_pwquota>, C<d_qgcvt>, C<d_quad>, C<d_random_r>, C<d_readdir64_r>,
11096 C<d_readdir>, C<d_readdir_r>, C<d_readlink>, C<d_readv>, C<d_recvmsg>,
11097 C<d_rename>, C<d_rewinddir>, C<d_rmdir>, C<d_safebcpy>, C<d_safemcpy>,
11098 C<d_sanemcmp>, C<d_sbrkproto>, C<d_scalbnl>, C<d_sched_yield>,
11099 C<d_scm_rights>, C<d_SCNfldbl>, C<d_seekdir>, C<d_select>, C<d_sem>,
11100 C<d_semctl>, C<d_semctl_semid_ds>, C<d_semctl_semun>, C<d_semget>,
11101 C<d_semop>, C<d_sendmsg>, C<d_setegid>, C<d_seteuid>, C<d_setgrent>,
11102 C<d_setgrent_r>, C<d_setgrps>, C<d_sethent>, C<d_sethostent_r>,
11103 C<d_setitimer>, C<d_setlinebuf>, C<d_setlocale>, C<d_setlocale_r>,
11104 C<d_setnent>, C<d_setnetent_r>, C<d_setpent>, C<d_setpgid>, C<d_setpgrp2>,
11105 C<d_setpgrp>, C<d_setprior>, C<d_setproctitle>, C<d_setprotoent_r>,
11106 C<d_setpwent>, C<d_setpwent_r>, C<d_setregid>, C<d_setresgid>,
11107 C<d_setresuid>, C<d_setreuid>, C<d_setrgid>, C<d_setruid>, C<d_setsent>,
11108 C<d_setservent_r>, C<d_setsid>, C<d_setvbuf>, C<d_sfio>, C<d_shm>,
11109 C<d_shmat>, C<d_shmatprototype>, C<d_shmctl>, C<d_shmdt>, C<d_shmget>,
11110 C<d_sigaction>, C<d_sigprocmask>, C<d_sigsetjmp>, C<d_sockatmark>,
11111 C<d_sockatmarkproto>, C<d_socket>, C<d_socklen_t>, C<d_sockpair>,
11112 C<d_socks5_init>, C<d_sqrtl>, C<d_srand48_r>, C<d_srandom_r>,
11113 C<d_sresgproto>, C<d_sresuproto>, C<d_statblks>, C<d_statfs_f_flags>,
11114 C<d_statfs_s>, C<d_statvfs>, C<d_stdio_cnt_lval>, C<d_stdio_ptr_lval>,
11115 C<d_stdio_ptr_lval_nochange_cnt>, C<d_stdio_ptr_lval_sets_cnt>,
11116 C<d_stdio_stream_array>, C<d_stdiobase>, C<d_stdstdio>, C<d_strchr>,
11117 C<d_strcoll>, C<d_strctcpy>, C<d_strerrm>, C<d_strerror>, C<d_strerror_r>,
11118 C<d_strftime>, C<d_strtod>, C<d_strtol>, C<d_strtold>, C<d_strtoll>,
11119 C<d_strtoq>, C<d_strtoul>, C<d_strtoull>, C<d_strtouq>, C<d_strxfrm>,
11120 C<d_suidsafe>, C<d_symlink>, C<d_syscall>, C<d_syscallproto>, C<d_sysconf>,
11121 C<d_sysernlst>, C<d_syserrlst>, C<d_system>, C<d_tcgetpgrp>,
11122 C<d_tcsetpgrp>, C<d_telldir>, C<d_telldirproto>, C<d_time>, C<d_times>,
11123 C<d_tm_tm_gmtoff>, C<d_tm_tm_zone>, C<d_tmpnam_r>, C<d_truncate>,
11124 C<d_ttyname_r>, C<d_tzname>, C<d_u32align>, C<d_ualarm>, C<d_umask>,
11125 C<d_uname>, C<d_union_semun>, C<d_unordered>, C<d_usleep>,
11126 C<d_usleepproto>, C<d_ustat>, C<d_vendorarch>, C<d_vendorbin>,
11127 C<d_vendorlib>, C<d_vendorscript>, C<d_vfork>, C<d_void_closedir>,
11128 C<d_voidsig>, C<d_voidtty>, C<d_volatile>, C<d_vprintf>, C<d_wait4>,
11129 C<d_waitpid>, C<d_wcstombs>, C<d_wctomb>, C<d_writev>, C<d_xenix>, C<date>,
11130 C<db_hashtype>, C<db_prefixtype>, C<db_version_major>, C<db_version_minor>,
11131 C<db_version_patch>, C<defvoidused>, C<direntrytype>, C<dlext>, C<dlsrc>,
11132 C<doublesize>, C<drand01>, C<drand48_r_proto>, C<dynamic_ext>
11136 C<eagain>, C<ebcdic>, C<echo>, C<egrep>, C<emacs>, C<endgrent_r_proto>,
11137 C<endhostent_r_proto>, C<endnetent_r_proto>, C<endprotoent_r_proto>,
11138 C<endpwent_r_proto>, C<endservent_r_proto>, C<eunicefix>, C<exe_ext>,
11139 C<expr>, C<extensions>, C<extras>
11143 C<fflushall>, C<fflushNULL>, C<find>, C<firstmakefile>, C<flex>,
11144 C<fpossize>, C<fpostype>, C<freetype>, C<from>, C<full_ar>, C<full_csh>,
11149 C<gccansipedantic>, C<gccosandvers>, C<gccversion>, C<getgrent_r_proto>,
11150 C<getgrgid_r_proto>, C<getgrnam_r_proto>, C<gethostbyaddr_r_proto>,
11151 C<gethostbyname_r_proto>, C<gethostent_r_proto>, C<getlogin_r_proto>,
11152 C<getnetbyaddr_r_proto>, C<getnetbyname_r_proto>, C<getnetent_r_proto>,
11153 C<getprotobyname_r_proto>, C<getprotobynumber_r_proto>,
11154 C<getprotoent_r_proto>, C<getpwent_r_proto>, C<getpwnam_r_proto>,
11155 C<getpwuid_r_proto>, C<getservbyname_r_proto>, C<getservbyport_r_proto>,
11156 C<getservent_r_proto>, C<getspnam_r_proto>, C<gidformat>, C<gidsign>,
11157 C<gidsize>, C<gidtype>, C<glibpth>, C<gmake>, C<gmtime_r_proto>,
11158 C<gnulibc_version>, C<grep>, C<groupcat>, C<groupstype>, C<gzip>
11162 C<h_fcntl>, C<h_sysfile>, C<hint>, C<hostcat>, C<html1dir>, C<html1direxp>,
11163 C<html3dir>, C<html3direxp>
11167 C<i16size>, C<i16type>, C<i32size>, C<i32type>, C<i64size>, C<i64type>,
11168 C<i8size>, C<i8type>, C<i_arpainet>, C<i_bsdioctl>, C<i_crypt>, C<i_db>,
11169 C<i_dbm>, C<i_dirent>, C<i_dld>, C<i_dlfcn>, C<i_fcntl>, C<i_float>,
11170 C<i_fp>, C<i_fp_class>, C<i_gdbm>, C<i_grp>, C<i_ieeefp>, C<i_inttypes>,
11171 C<i_langinfo>, C<i_libutil>, C<i_limits>, C<i_locale>, C<i_machcthr>,
11172 C<i_malloc>, C<i_math>, C<i_memory>, C<i_mntent>, C<i_ndbm>, C<i_netdb>,
11173 C<i_neterrno>, C<i_netinettcp>, C<i_niin>, C<i_poll>, C<i_prot>,
11174 C<i_pthread>, C<i_pwd>, C<i_rpcsvcdbm>, C<i_sfio>, C<i_sgtty>, C<i_shadow>,
11175 C<i_socks>, C<i_stdarg>, C<i_stddef>, C<i_stdlib>, C<i_string>,
11176 C<i_sunmath>, C<i_sysaccess>, C<i_sysdir>, C<i_sysfile>, C<i_sysfilio>,
11177 C<i_sysin>, C<i_sysioctl>, C<i_syslog>, C<i_sysmman>, C<i_sysmode>,
11178 C<i_sysmount>, C<i_sysndir>, C<i_sysparam>, C<i_sysresrc>, C<i_syssecrt>,
11179 C<i_sysselct>, C<i_syssockio>, C<i_sysstat>, C<i_sysstatfs>,
11180 C<i_sysstatvfs>, C<i_systime>, C<i_systimek>, C<i_systimes>, C<i_systypes>,
11181 C<i_sysuio>, C<i_sysun>, C<i_sysutsname>, C<i_sysvfs>, C<i_syswait>,
11182 C<i_termio>, C<i_termios>, C<i_time>, C<i_unistd>, C<i_ustat>, C<i_utime>,
11183 C<i_values>, C<i_varargs>, C<i_varhdr>, C<i_vfork>,
11184 C<ignore_versioned_solibs>, C<inc_version_list>, C<inc_version_list_init>,
11185 C<incpath>, C<inews>, C<installarchlib>, C<installbin>, C<installhtml1dir>,
11186 C<installhtml3dir>, C<installman1dir>, C<installman3dir>, C<installprefix>,
11187 C<installprefixexp>, C<installprivlib>, C<installscript>,
11188 C<installsitearch>, C<installsitebin>, C<installsitehtml1dir>,
11189 C<installsitehtml3dir>, C<installsitelib>, C<installsiteman1dir>,
11190 C<installsiteman3dir>, C<installsitescript>, C<installstyle>,
11191 C<installusrbinperl>, C<installvendorarch>, C<installvendorbin>,
11192 C<installvendorhtml1dir>, C<installvendorhtml3dir>, C<installvendorlib>,
11193 C<installvendorman1dir>, C<installvendorman3dir>, C<installvendorscript>,
11194 C<intsize>, C<issymlink>, C<ivdformat>, C<ivsize>, C<ivtype>
11198 C<known_extensions>, C<ksh>
11202 C<ld>, C<lddlflags>, C<ldflags>, C<ldflags_uselargefiles>, C<ldlibpthname>,
11203 C<less>, C<lib_ext>, C<libc>, C<libperl>, C<libpth>, C<libs>, C<libsdirs>,
11204 C<libsfiles>, C<libsfound>, C<libspath>, C<libswanted>,
11205 C<libswanted_uselargefiles>, C<line>, C<lint>, C<lkflags>, C<ln>, C<lns>,
11206 C<localtime_r_proto>, C<locincpth>, C<loclibpth>, C<longdblsize>,
11207 C<longlongsize>, C<longsize>, C<lp>, C<lpr>, C<ls>, C<lseeksize>,
11212 C<mail>, C<mailx>, C<make>, C<make_set_make>, C<mallocobj>, C<mallocsrc>,
11213 C<malloctype>, C<man1dir>, C<man1direxp>, C<man1ext>, C<man3dir>,
11214 C<man3direxp>, C<man3ext>
11218 C<Mcc>, C<mips_type>, C<mistrustnm>, C<mkdir>, C<mmaptype>, C<modetype>,
11219 C<more>, C<multiarch>, C<mv>, C<myarchname>, C<mydomain>, C<myhostname>,
11224 C<n>, C<need_va_copy>, C<netdb_hlen_type>, C<netdb_host_type>,
11225 C<netdb_name_type>, C<netdb_net_type>, C<nm>, C<nm_opt>, C<nm_so_opt>,
11226 C<nonxs_ext>, C<nroff>, C<nv_preserves_uv_bits>, C<nveformat>,
11227 C<nvEUformat>, C<nvfformat>, C<nvFUformat>, C<nvgformat>, C<nvGUformat>,
11228 C<nvsize>, C<nvtype>
11232 C<o_nonblock>, C<obj_ext>, C<old_pthread_create_joinable>, C<optimize>,
11233 C<orderlib>, C<osname>, C<osvers>, C<otherlibdirs>
11237 C<package>, C<pager>, C<passcat>, C<patchlevel>, C<path_sep>, C<perl5>,
11238 C<perl>, C<perl_patchlevel>
11242 C<PERL_REVISION>, C<PERL_SUBVERSION>, C<PERL_VERSION>, C<perladmin>,
11243 C<perllibs>, C<perlpath>, C<pg>, C<phostname>, C<pidtype>, C<plibpth>,
11244 C<pm_apiversion>, C<pmake>, C<pr>, C<prefix>, C<prefixexp>, C<privlib>,
11245 C<privlibexp>, C<procselfexe>, C<prototype>, C<ptrsize>
11249 C<quadkind>, C<quadtype>
11253 C<randbits>, C<randfunc>, C<random_r_proto>, C<randseedtype>, C<ranlib>,
11254 C<rd_nodata>, C<readdir64_r_proto>, C<readdir_r_proto>, C<revision>, C<rm>,
11255 C<rmail>, C<run>, C<runnm>
11259 C<sched_yield>, C<scriptdir>, C<scriptdirexp>, C<sed>, C<seedfunc>,
11260 C<selectminbits>, C<selecttype>, C<sendmail>, C<setgrent_r_proto>,
11261 C<sethostent_r_proto>, C<setlocale_r_proto>, C<setnetent_r_proto>,
11262 C<setprotoent_r_proto>, C<setpwent_r_proto>, C<setservent_r_proto>, C<sh>,
11263 C<shar>, C<sharpbang>, C<shmattype>, C<shortsize>, C<shrpenv>, C<shsharp>,
11264 C<sig_count>, C<sig_name>, C<sig_name_init>, C<sig_num>, C<sig_num_init>,
11265 C<sig_size>, C<signal_t>, C<sitearch>, C<sitearchexp>, C<sitebin>,
11266 C<sitebinexp>, C<sitehtml1dir>, C<sitehtml1direxp>, C<sitehtml3dir>,
11267 C<sitehtml3direxp>, C<sitelib>, C<sitelib_stem>, C<sitelibexp>,
11268 C<siteman1dir>, C<siteman1direxp>, C<siteman3dir>, C<siteman3direxp>,
11269 C<siteprefix>, C<siteprefixexp>, C<sitescript>, C<sitescriptexp>,
11270 C<sizesize>, C<sizetype>, C<sleep>, C<smail>, C<so>, C<sockethdr>,
11271 C<socketlib>, C<socksizetype>, C<sort>, C<spackage>, C<spitshell>,
11272 C<sPRId64>, C<sPRIeldbl>, C<sPRIEUldbl>, C<sPRIfldbl>, C<sPRIFUldbl>,
11273 C<sPRIgldbl>, C<sPRIGUldbl>, C<sPRIi64>, C<sPRIo64>, C<sPRIu64>,
11274 C<sPRIx64>, C<sPRIXU64>, C<srand48_r_proto>, C<srandom_r_proto>, C<src>,
11275 C<sSCNfldbl>, C<ssizetype>, C<startperl>, C<startsh>, C<static_ext>,
11276 C<stdchar>, C<stdio_base>, C<stdio_bufsiz>, C<stdio_cnt>, C<stdio_filbuf>,
11277 C<stdio_ptr>, C<stdio_stream_array>, C<strerror_r_proto>, C<strings>,
11278 C<submit>, C<subversion>, C<sysman>
11282 C<tail>, C<tar>, C<targetarch>, C<tbl>, C<tee>, C<test>, C<timeincl>,
11283 C<timetype>, C<tmpnam_r_proto>, C<to>, C<touch>, C<tr>, C<trnl>, C<troff>,
11288 C<u16size>, C<u16type>, C<u32size>, C<u32type>, C<u64size>, C<u64type>,
11289 C<u8size>, C<u8type>, C<uidformat>, C<uidsign>, C<uidsize>, C<uidtype>,
11290 C<uname>, C<uniq>, C<uquadtype>, C<use5005threads>, C<use64bitall>,
11291 C<use64bitint>, C<usecrosscompile>, C<usedl>, C<usefaststdio>,
11292 C<useithreads>, C<uselargefiles>, C<uselongdouble>, C<usemorebits>,
11293 C<usemultiplicity>, C<usemymalloc>, C<usenm>, C<useopcode>, C<useperlio>,
11294 C<useposix>, C<usereentrant>, C<usesfio>, C<useshrplib>, C<usesocks>,
11295 C<usethreads>, C<usevendorprefix>, C<usevfork>, C<usrinc>, C<uuname>,
11296 C<uvoformat>, C<uvsize>, C<uvtype>, C<uvuformat>, C<uvxformat>,
11301 C<vendorarch>, C<vendorarchexp>, C<vendorbin>, C<vendorbinexp>,
11302 C<vendorhtml1dir>, C<vendorhtml1direxp>, C<vendorhtml3dir>,
11303 C<vendorhtml3direxp>, C<vendorlib>, C<vendorlib_stem>, C<vendorlibexp>,
11304 C<vendorman1dir>, C<vendorman1direxp>, C<vendorman3dir>,
11305 C<vendorman3direxp>, C<vendorprefix>, C<vendorprefixexp>, C<vendorscript>,
11306 C<vendorscriptexp>, C<version>, C<version_patchlevel_string>,
11307 C<versiononly>, C<vi>, C<voidflags>
11311 C<xlibpth>, C<xs_apiversion>
11315 C<yacc>, C<yaccflags>
11327 =head2 Cwd - get pathname of current working directory
11337 =item getcwd and friends
11339 getcwd, cwd, fastcwd, fastgetcwd
11341 =item abs_path and friends
11343 abs_path, realpath, fast_abs_path
11355 =head2 DB - programmatic interface to the Perl debugging API (draft,
11367 =item Global Variables
11369 $DB::sub, %DB::sub, $DB::single, $DB::signal, $DB::trace, @DB::args,
11370 @DB::dbline, %DB::dbline, $DB::package, $DB::filename, $DB::subname,
11375 CLIENT->register(), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->skippkg('D::hide'),
11376 CLIENT->run(), CLIENT->step(), CLIENT->next(), CLIENT->done()
11378 =item Client Callback Methods
11380 CLIENT->init(), CLIENT->prestop([STRING]), CLIENT->stop(), CLIENT->idle(),
11381 CLIENT->poststop([STRING]), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->cleanup(),
11382 CLIENT->output(LIST)
11392 =head2 DB_File - Perl5 access to Berkeley DB version 1.x
11400 B<DB_HASH>, B<DB_BTREE>, B<DB_RECNO>
11404 =item Using DB_File with Berkeley DB version 2 or greater
11406 =item Interface to Berkeley DB
11408 =item Opening a Berkeley DB Database File
11410 =item Default Parameters
11412 =item In Memory Databases
11420 =item A Simple Example
11428 =item Changing the BTREE sort order
11430 =item Handling Duplicate Keys
11432 =item The get_dup() Method
11434 =item The find_dup() Method
11436 =item The del_dup() Method
11438 =item Matching Partial Keys
11446 =item The 'bval' Option
11448 =item A Simple Example
11450 =item Extra RECNO Methods
11452 B<$X-E<gt>push(list) ;>, B<$value = $X-E<gt>pop ;>, B<$X-E<gt>shift>,
11453 B<$X-E<gt>unshift(list) ;>, B<$X-E<gt>length>, B<$X-E<gt>splice(offset,
11454 length, elements);>
11456 =item Another Example
11460 =item THE API INTERFACE
11462 B<$status = $X-E<gt>get($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status =
11463 $X-E<gt>put($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>del($key [,
11464 $flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>fd ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>seq($key,
11465 $value, $flags) ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>sync([$flags]) ;>
11469 B<filter_store_key>, B<filter_store_value>, B<filter_fetch_key>,
11470 B<filter_fetch_value>
11476 =item An Example -- the NULL termination problem.
11478 =item Another Example -- Key is a C int.
11482 =item HINTS AND TIPS
11486 =item Locking: The Trouble with fd
11488 =item Safe ways to lock a database
11490 B<Tie::DB_Lock>, B<Tie::DB_LockFile>, B<DB_File::Lock>
11492 =item Sharing Databases With C Applications
11494 =item The untie() Gotcha
11498 =item COMMON QUESTIONS
11502 =item Why is there Perl source in my database?
11504 =item How do I store complex data structures with DB_File?
11506 =item What does "Invalid Argument" mean?
11508 =item What does "Bareword 'DB_File' not allowed" mean?
11528 =head2 Data::Dumper - stringified perl data structures, suitable for both
11529 printing and C<eval>
11541 I<PACKAGE>->new(I<ARRAYREF [>, I<ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Dump I<or>
11542 I<PACKAGE>->Dump(I<ARRAYREF [>, I<ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Seen(I<[HASHREF]>),
11543 I<$OBJ>->Values(I<[ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Names(I<[ARRAYREF]>),
11550 =item Configuration Variables or Methods
11576 =head2 Devel::DProf - a Perl code profiler
11584 =item PROFILE FORMAT
11596 =head2 Devel::PPPort - Perl/Pollution/Portability
11618 =head2 Devel::Peek - A data debugging tool for the XS programmer
11628 =item Runtime debugging
11630 =item Memory footprint debugging
11638 =item A simple scalar string
11640 =item A simple scalar number
11642 =item A simple scalar with an extra reference
11644 =item A reference to a simple scalar
11646 =item A reference to an array
11648 =item A reference to a hash
11650 =item Dumping a large array or hash
11652 =item A reference to an SV which holds a C pointer
11654 =item A reference to a subroutine
11668 =head2 Devel::SelfStubber - generate stubs for a SelfLoading module
11678 =head2 Digest:: - Modules that calculate message digests
11686 I<binary>, I<hex>, I<base64>
11690 $ctx = Digest->XXX($arg,...), $ctx = Digest->new(XXX => $arg,...), $ctx =
11691 Digest::XXX->new($arg,...), $other_ctx = $ctx->clone, $ctx->reset,
11692 $ctx->add($data,...), $ctx->addfile($io_handle), $ctx->digest,
11693 $ctx->hexdigest, $ctx->b64digest
11701 =head2 Digest::MD5 - Perl interface to the MD5 Algorithm
11711 md5($data,...), md5_hex($data,...), md5_base64($data,...)
11715 $md5 = Digest::MD5->new, $md5->reset, $md5->clone, $md5->add($data,...),
11716 $md5->addfile($io_handle), $md5->digest, $md5->hexdigest, $md5->b64digest
11728 =head2 DirHandle - supply object methods for directory handles
11740 =head2 Dumpvalue - provides screen dump of Perl data.
11752 C<arrayDepth>, C<hashDepth>, C<compactDump>, C<veryCompact>, C<globPrint>,
11753 C<dumpDBFiles>, C<dumpPackages>, C<dumpReused>, C<tick>, C<quoteHighBit>,
11754 C<printUndef>, C<usageOnly>, unctrl, subdump, bareStringify, quoteHighBit,
11759 dumpValue, dumpValues, stringify, dumpvars, set_quote, set_unctrl,
11760 compactDump, veryCompact, set, get
11766 =head2 DynaLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code
11774 @dl_library_path, @dl_resolve_using, @dl_require_symbols, @dl_librefs,
11775 @dl_modules, dl_error(), $dl_debug, dl_findfile(), dl_expandspec(),
11776 dl_load_file(), dl_unload_file(), dl_load_flags(), dl_find_symbol(),
11777 dl_find_symbol_anywhere(), dl_undef_symbols(), dl_install_xsub(),
11784 =head2 DynaLoader::XSLoader, XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into
11795 =item Migration from C<DynaLoader>
11797 =item Backward compatible boilerplate
11801 =item Order of initialization: early load()
11805 =item The most hairy case
11815 =head2 Encode - character encodings
11823 =item Table of Contents
11835 =item PERL ENCODING API
11837 $octets = encode(ENCODING, $string [, CHECK]), $string = decode(ENCODING,
11838 $octets [, CHECK]), [$length =] from_to($octets, FROM_ENC, TO_ENC [,
11839 CHECK]), $octets = encode_utf8($string);, $string = decode_utf8($octets [,
11844 =item Listing available encodings
11846 =item Defining Aliases
11850 =item Encoding via PerlIO
11852 =item Handling Malformed Data
11854 I<CHECK> = Encode::FB_DEFAULT ( == 0), I<CHECK> = Encode::FB_CROAK ( == 1),
11855 I<CHECK> = Encode::FB_QUIET, I<CHECK> = Encode::FB_WARN, perlqq mode
11856 (I<CHECK> = Encode::FB_PERLQQ), HTML charref mode (I<CHECK> =
11857 Encode::FB_HTMLCREF), XML charref mode (I<CHECK> = Encode::FB_XMLCREF), The
11862 =item Unimplemented fallback schemes
11866 =item Defining Encodings
11868 =item The UTF-8 flag
11870 Goal #1:, Goal #2:, Goal #3:, Goal #4:
11874 =item Messing with Perl's Internals
11876 is_utf8(STRING [, CHECK]), _utf8_on(STRING), _utf8_off(STRING)
11886 =head2 Encode::Alias - alias definitions to encodings
11894 As a simple string, As a qr// compiled regular expression, e.g.:, As a code
11899 =item Alias overloading
11907 =head2 Encode::Byte - Single Byte Encodings
11921 =head2 Encode::CJKConstants -- Internally used by Encode::??::ISO_2022_*
11923 =head2 Encode::CN - China-based Chinese Encodings
11939 =head2 Encode::CN::HZ -- internally used by Encode::CN
11941 =head2 Encode::Config -- internally used by Encode
11943 =head2 Encode::EBCDIC - EBCDIC Encodings
11957 =head2 Encode::Encoding - Encode Implementation Base Class
11967 =item Methods you should implement
11969 -E<gt>encode($string [,$check]), -E<gt>decode($octets [,$check]),
11970 -E<gt>cat_decode($destination, $octets, $offset, $terminator [,$check])
11972 =item Other methods defined in Encode::Encodings
11974 -E<gt>name, -E<gt>renew, -E<gt>perlio_ok(), -E<gt>needs_lines()
11976 =item Example: Encode::ROT13
11980 =item Why the heck Encode API is different?
11984 =item Compiled Encodings
11990 Scheme 1, Scheme 2, Other Schemes
11994 =head2 Encode::Guess -- Guesses encoding from data
12004 Encode::Guess->set_suspects, Encode::Guess->add_suspects,
12005 Encode::decode("Guess" ...), Encode::Guess->guess($data),
12006 guess_encoding($data, [, I<list of suspects>])
12016 =head2 Encode::JP - Japanese Encodings
12026 =item Note on ISO-2022-JP(-1)?
12034 =head2 Encode::JP::H2Z -- internally used by Encode::JP::2022_JP*
12036 =head2 Encode::JP::JIS7 -- internally used by Encode::JP
12038 =head2 Encode::KR - Korean Encodings
12052 =head2 Encode::KR::2022_KR -- internally used by Encode::KR
12054 =head2 Encode::MIME::Header -- MIME 'B' and 'Q' header encoding
12070 =head2 Encode::PerlIO -- a detailed document on Encode and PerlIO
12076 =item How does it work?
12078 =item Line Buffering
12082 =item How can I tell whether my encoding fully supports PerlIO ?
12090 =head2 Encode::Supported -- Encodings supported by Encode
12098 =item Encoding Names
12102 =item Supported Encodings
12106 =item Built-in Encodings
12108 =item Encode::Unicode -- other Unicode encodings
12110 =item Encode::Byte -- Extended ASCII
12112 ISO-8859 and corresponding vendor mappings, KOI8 - De Facto Standard for
12113 the Cyrillic world, gsm0338 - Hentai Latin 1
12115 =item CJK: Chinese, Japanese, Korean (Multibyte)
12117 Encode::CN -- Continental China, Encode::JP -- Japan, Encode::KR -- Korea,
12118 Encode::TW -- Taiwan, Encode::HanExtra -- More Chinese via CPAN,
12119 Encode::JIS2K -- JIS X 0213 encodings via CPAN
12121 =item Miscellaneous encodings
12123 Encode::EBCDIC, Encode::Symbols, Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::Guess
12127 =item Unsupported encodings
12129 ISO-2022-JP-2 [RFC1554], ISO-2022-CN [RFC1922], Various HP-UX encodings,
12130 Cyrillic encoding ISO-IR-111, ISO-8859-8-1 [Hebrew], ISIRI 3342, Iran
12131 System, ISIRI 2900 [Farsi], Thai encoding TCVN, Vietnamese encodings VPS,
12132 Various Mac encodings, (Mac) Indic encodings
12134 =item Encoding vs. Charset -- terminology
12136 =item Encoding Classification (by Anton Tagunov and Dan Kogai)
12140 =item Microsoft-related naming mess
12142 KS_C_5601-1987, GB2312, Big5, Shift_JIS
12148 character repertoire, coded character set (CCS), character encoding scheme
12149 (CES), charset (in MIME context), EUC, ISO-2022, UCS, UCS-2, Unicode, UTF,
12156 ECMA, ECMA-035 (eq C<ISO-2022>), IANA, Assigned Charset Names by IANA, ISO,
12157 RFC, UC, Unicode Glossary
12161 =item Other Notable Sites
12163 czyborra.com, CJK.inf, Jungshik Shin's Hangul FAQ, debian.org:
12164 "Introduction to i18n"
12166 =item Offline sources
12168 C<CJKV Information Processing> by Ken Lunde
12174 =head2 Encode::Symbol - Symbol Encodings
12188 =head2 Encode::TW - Taiwan-based Chinese Encodings
12204 =head2 Encode::Unicode -- Various Unicode Transformation Formats
12212 L<http://www.unicode.org/glossary/> says:, Quick Reference
12214 =item Size, Endianness, and BOM
12220 =item by endianness
12222 BOM as integer when fetched in network byte order
12226 =item Surrogate Pairs
12232 =head2 Encode::Unicode::UTF7 -- UTF-7 encoding
12246 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Alias, Encode::Alias - alias definitions to
12255 As a simple string, As a qr// compiled regular expression, e.g.:, As a code
12260 =item Alias overloading
12268 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::CJKConstants, Encode::CJKConstants.pm --
12269 Internally used by Encode::??::ISO_2022_*
12271 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::CN::HZ, Encode::CN::HZ -- internally used by
12274 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Config, Encode::Config -- internally used by
12277 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Encoding, Encode::Encoding - Encode
12278 Implementation Base Class
12288 =item Methods you should implement
12290 -E<gt>encode($string [,$check]), -E<gt>decode($octets [,$check]),
12291 -E<gt>cat_decode($destination, $octets, $offset, $terminator [,$check])
12293 =item Other methods defined in Encode::Encodings
12295 -E<gt>name, -E<gt>renew, -E<gt>perlio_ok(), -E<gt>needs_lines()
12297 =item Example: Encode::ROT13
12301 =item Why the heck Encode API is different?
12305 =item Compiled Encodings
12311 Scheme 1, Scheme 2, Other Schemes
12315 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Guess, Encode::Guess -- Guesses encoding from
12326 Encode::Guess->set_suspects, Encode::Guess->add_suspects,
12327 Encode::decode("Guess" ...), Encode::Guess->guess($data),
12328 guess_encoding($data, [, I<list of suspects>])
12338 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::JP::H2Z, Encode::JP::H2Z -- internally used by
12339 Encode::JP::2022_JP*
12341 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::JP::JIS7, Encode::JP::JIS7 -- internally used
12344 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::KR::2022_KR, Encode::KR::2022_KR -- internally
12347 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::MIME::Header -- MIME 'B'
12348 and 'Q' header encoding
12364 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::PerlIO, Encode::PerlIO -- a detailed document
12365 on Encode and PerlIO
12371 =item How does it work?
12373 =item Line Buffering
12377 =item How can I tell whether my encoding fully supports PerlIO ?
12385 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Supported, Encode::Supported -- Encodings
12386 supported by Encode
12394 =item Encoding Names
12398 =item Supported Encodings
12402 =item Built-in Encodings
12404 =item Encode::Unicode -- other Unicode encodings
12406 =item Encode::Byte -- Extended ASCII
12408 ISO-8859 and corresponding vendor mappings, KOI8 - De Facto Standard for
12409 the Cyrillic world, gsm0338 - Hentai Latin 1
12411 =item CJK: Chinese, Japanese, Korean (Multibyte)
12413 Encode::CN -- Continental China, Encode::JP -- Japan, Encode::KR -- Korea,
12414 Encode::TW -- Taiwan, Encode::HanExtra -- More Chinese via CPAN,
12415 Encode::JIS2K -- JIS X 0213 encodings via CPAN
12417 =item Miscellaneous encodings
12419 Encode::EBCDIC, Encode::Symbols, Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::Guess
12423 =item Unsupported encodings
12425 ISO-2022-JP-2 [RFC1554], ISO-2022-CN [RFC1922], Various HP-UX encodings,
12426 Cyrillic encoding ISO-IR-111, ISO-8859-8-1 [Hebrew], ISIRI 3342, Iran
12427 System, ISIRI 2900 [Farsi], Thai encoding TCVN, Vietnamese encodings VPS,
12428 Various Mac encodings, (Mac) Indic encodings
12430 =item Encoding vs. Charset -- terminology
12432 =item Encoding Classification (by Anton Tagunov and Dan Kogai)
12436 =item Microsoft-related naming mess
12438 KS_C_5601-1987, GB2312, Big5, Shift_JIS
12444 character repertoire, coded character set (CCS), character encoding scheme
12445 (CES), charset (in MIME context), EUC, ISO-2022, UCS, UCS-2, Unicode, UTF,
12452 ECMA, ECMA-035 (eq C<ISO-2022>), IANA, Assigned Charset Names by IANA, ISO,
12453 RFC, UC, Unicode Glossary
12457 =item Other Notable Sites
12459 czyborra.com, CJK.inf, Jungshik Shin's Hangul FAQ, debian.org:
12460 "Introduction to i18n"
12462 =item Offline sources
12464 C<CJKV Information Processing> by Ken Lunde
12470 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Unicode::UTF7, Encode::Unicode::UTF7 -- UTF-7
12485 =head2 Encode::lib::Encoder, Encode::Encoder -- Object Oriented Encoder
12497 =item Predefined Methods
12499 $e = Encode::Encoder-E<gt>new([$data, $encoding]);, encoder(),
12500 $e-E<gt>data([$data]), $e-E<gt>encoding([$encoding]),
12501 $e-E<gt>bytes([$encoding])
12503 =item Example: base64 transcoder
12505 =item Operator Overloading
12513 =head2 Encodencoding, encoding - allows you to write your script in
12514 non-ascii or non-utf8
12524 =item Literal Conversions
12526 =item PerlIO layers for C<STD(IN|OUT)>
12530 =item FEATURES THAT REQUIRE 5.8.1
12532 "NON-EUC" doublebyte encodings, tr//, DATA pseudo-filehandle
12536 use encoding [I<ENCNAME>] ;, use encoding I<ENCNAME> [ STDIN =E<gt>
12537 I<ENCNAME_IN> ...] ;, use encoding I<ENCNAME> Filter=E<gt>1;, no encoding;
12539 =item The Filter Option
12543 =item Filter-related changes at Encode version 1.87
12553 =item DO NOT MIX MULTIPLE ENCODINGS
12555 =item tr/// with ranges
12557 Legend of characters above
12561 =item EXAMPLE - Greekperl
12563 =item KNOWN PROBLEMS
12565 literals in regex that are longer than 127 bytes, EBCDIC, format
12573 =head2 Encoder, Encode::Encoder -- Object Oriented Encoder
12585 =item Predefined Methods
12587 $e = Encode::Encoder-E<gt>new([$data, $encoding]);, encoder(),
12588 $e-E<gt>data([$data]), $e-E<gt>encoding([$encoding]),
12589 $e-E<gt>bytes([$encoding])
12591 =item Example: base64 transcoder
12593 =item Operator Overloading
12601 =head2 English - use nice English (or awk) names for ugly punctuation
12614 =head2 Env - perl module that imports environment variables as scalars or
12629 =head2 Errno - System errno constants
12645 =head2 Exporter - Implements default import method for modules
12655 =item How to Export
12657 =item Selecting What To Export
12659 =item How to Import
12661 C<use ModuleName;>, C<use ModuleName ();>, C<use ModuleName qw(...);>
12665 =item Advanced features
12669 =item Specialised Import Lists
12671 =item Exporting without using Exporter's import method
12673 =item Module Version Checking
12675 =item Managing Unknown Symbols
12677 =item Tag Handling Utility Functions
12679 =item Generating combined tags
12681 =item C<AUTOLOAD>ed Constants
12687 =head2 Exporter::Heavy - Exporter guts
12697 =head2 ExtUtils::Command - utilities to replace common UNIX commands in
12718 mv source... destination
12720 cp source... destination
12738 =head2 ExtUtils::Command::MM - Commands for the MM's to use in Makefiles
12752 B<warn_if_old_packlist>
12754 B<perllocal_install>
12758 =head2 ExtUtils::Constant - generate XS code to import C header constants
12768 IV, UV, NV, PV, PVN, SV, YES, NO, UNDEF
12776 perl_stringify NAME
12780 memEQ_clause NAME, CHECKED_AT, INDENT
12782 assign INDENT, TYPE, PRE, POST, VALUE..
12786 switch_clause INDENT, NAMELEN, ITEMHASH, ITEM..
12794 C_constant, name, type, value, macro, default, pre, post, def_pre =item
12797 XS_constant PACKAGE, TYPES, SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME
12799 autoload PACKAGE, VERSION, AUTOLOADER
12801 WriteMakefileSnippet
12803 WriteConstants ATTRIBUTE =E<gt> VALUE [, ...], NAME, DEFAULT_TYPE,
12804 BREAKOUT_AT, NAMES, C_FILE, XS_FILE, SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME
12812 =head2 ExtUtils::Embed - Utilities for embedding Perl in C/C++ applications
12824 xsinit(), Examples, ldopts(), Examples, perl_inc(), ccflags(), ccdlflags(),
12825 ccopts(), xsi_header(), xsi_protos(@modules), xsi_body(@modules)
12835 =head2 ExtUtils::Install - install files from here to there
12853 B<install_default> I<DISCOURAGED>
12865 B<PERL_INSTALL_ROOT>
12873 =head2 ExtUtils::Installed - Inventory management of installed modules
12885 new(), modules(), files(), directories(), directory_tree(), validate(),
12886 packlist(), version()
12894 =head2 ExtUtils::Liblist - determine libraries to use and how to use them
12902 For static extensions, For dynamic extensions at build/link time, For
12903 dynamic extensions at load time
12909 =item LDLOADLIBS and LD_RUN_PATH
12919 =item VMS implementation
12921 =item Win32 implementation
12929 =head2 ExtUtils::MM - OS adjusted ExtUtils::MakeMaker subclass
12939 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Any - Platform agnostic MM methods
12947 =item Inherently Cross-Platform Methods
12957 =item File::Spec wrappers
12965 =item Thought To Be Cross-Platform Methods
12981 makemakerdflt_target
12999 metafile_addtomanifest_target
13003 =item Abstract methods
13005 oneliner, B<quote_literal>, B<escape_newlines>, max_exec_len,
13006 B<init_others>, init_DIRFILESEP, init_linker, init_platform,
13019 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_BeOS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
13020 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
13034 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
13035 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
13049 replace_manpage_separator (o)
13053 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_DOS - DOS specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix
13063 =item Overridden methods
13071 B<replace_manpage_separator>
13081 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_MacOS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
13082 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
13104 init_platform, platform_constants
13110 special_targets (o)
13120 clean_subdirs_target
13124 realclean_subdirs_target
13132 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_NW5 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
13133 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
13145 init_platform (o), platform_constants
13153 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_OS2 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
13154 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
13172 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_UWIN - U/WIN specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix
13182 =item Overridden methods
13190 B<replace_manpage_separator>
13200 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Unix - methods used by ExtUtils::MakeMaker
13226 clean_subdirs_target
13288 =item Methods to actually produce chunks of text for the Makefile
13318 init_platform (o), platform_constants (o)
13362 post_initialize (o)
13376 realclean_subdirs_target
13378 replace_manpage_separator
13400 test_via_harness (override)
13402 test_via_script (override)
13426 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_VMS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
13427 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
13437 =item Methods always loaded
13449 guess_name (override)
13453 find_perl (override)
13455 maybe_command (override)
13457 perl_script (override)
13459 replace_manpage_separator
13465 init_main (override)
13467 init_others (override)
13469 init_platform (override)
13473 init_VERSION (override)
13475 constants (override)
13481 const_cccmd (override)
13483 tool_sxubpp (override)
13485 tools_other (override)
13487 init_dist (override)
13497 dynamic_lib (override)
13499 dynamic_bs (override)
13501 static_lib (override)
13503 processPL (override)
13505 installbin (override)
13507 subdir_x (override)
13511 clean_subdirs_target
13513 realclean (override)
13515 zipfile_target (o), tarfile_target (o), shdist_target (o)
13517 dist_test (override)
13521 perldepend (override)
13523 makefile (override)
13525 find_tests (override)
13529 makeaperl (override)
13531 nicetext (override)
13533 prefixify (override)
13553 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Win32 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
13554 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
13566 =item Overridden methods
13572 replace_manpage_separator
13582 init_platform (o), platform_constants (o)
13584 special_targets (o)
13606 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Win95 - method to customize MakeMaker for Win9X
13616 =item Overriden methods
13632 clean_subdirs_target
13634 realclean_subdirs_target
13644 =head2 ExtUtils::MY - ExtUtils::MakeMaker subclass for customization
13654 =head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker - Create a module Makefile
13664 =item How To Write A Makefile.PL
13666 =item Default Makefile Behaviour
13674 =item PREFIX and LIB attribute
13678 =item Static Linking of a new Perl Binary
13680 =item Determination of Perl Library and Installation Locations
13682 =item Which architecture dependent directory?
13684 =item Using Attributes and Parameters
13686 ABSTRACT, ABSTRACT_FROM, AUTHOR, BINARY_LOCATION, C, CCFLAGS, CONFIG,
13687 CONFIGURE, DEFINE, DESTDIR, DIR, DISTNAME, DISTVNAME, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS,
13688 EXCLUDE_EXT, EXE_FILES, FIRST_MAKEFILE, FULLPERL, FULLPERLRUN,
13689 FULLPERLRUNINST, FUNCLIST, H, IMPORTS, INC, INCLUDE_EXT, INSTALLARCHLIB,
13690 INSTALLBIN, INSTALLDIRS, INSTALLMAN1DIR, INSTALLMAN3DIR, INSTALLPRIVLIB,
13691 INSTALLSCRIPT, INSTALLSITEARCH, INSTALLSITEBIN, INSTALLSITELIB,
13692 INSTALLSITEMAN1DIR, INSTALLSITEMAN3DIR, INSTALLVENDORARCH,
13693 INSTALLVENDORBIN, INSTALLVENDORLIB, INSTALLVENDORMAN1DIR,
13694 INSTALLVENDORMAN3DIR, INST_ARCHLIB, INST_BIN, INST_LIB, INST_MAN1DIR,
13695 INST_MAN3DIR, INST_SCRIPT, LD, LDDLFLAGS, LDFROM, LIB, LIBPERL_A, LIBS,
13696 LINKTYPE, MAKEAPERL, MAKEFILE_OLD, MAN1PODS, MAN3PODS, MAP_TARGET,
13697 MYEXTLIB, NAME, NEEDS_LINKING, NOECHO, NORECURS, NO_META, NO_VC, OBJECT,
13698 OPTIMIZE, PERL, PERL_CORE, PERLMAINCC, PERL_ARCHLIB, PERL_LIB,
13699 PERL_MALLOC_OK, PERLPREFIX, PERLRUN, PERLRUNINST, PERL_SRC, PERM_RW,
13700 PERM_RWX, PL_FILES, PM, PMLIBDIRS, PM_FILTER, POLLUTE, PPM_INSTALL_EXEC,
13701 PPM_INSTALL_SCRIPT, PREFIX, PREREQ_FATAL, PREREQ_PM, PREREQ_PRINT,
13702 PRINT_PREREQ, SITEPREFIX, SKIP, TYPEMAPS, VENDORPREFIX, VERBINST, VERSION,
13703 VERSION_FROM, VERSION_SYM, XS, XSOPT, XSPROTOARG, XS_VERSION
13705 =item Additional lowercase attributes
13707 clean, depend, dist, dynamic_lib, linkext, macro, postamble, realclean,
13708 test, tool_autosplit
13710 =item Overriding MakeMaker Methods
13712 =item The End Of Cargo Cult Programming
13714 C<<MAN3PODS => ' '>>
13716 =item Hintsfile support
13718 =item Distribution Support
13720 make distcheck, make skipcheck, make distclean, make manifest,
13721 make distdir, make disttest, make tardist, make dist, make
13722 uutardist, make shdist, make zipdist, make ci
13724 =item Module Meta-Data
13726 =item Disabling an extension
13728 =item Other Handy Functions
13736 PERL_MM_OPT, PERL_MM_USE_DEFAULT
13746 =head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::FAQ - Frequently Asked Questions About
13755 =item Philosophy and History
13757 Why not just use <insert other build config tool here>?, What's
13758 Module::Build and how does it relate to MakeMaker?, pure perl. no make, no
13759 shell commands, easier to customize, cleaner internals, less cruft
13761 =item Module Writing
13763 How do I keep my $VERSION up to date without resetting it manually?, What's
13764 this F<META.yml> thing and how did it get in my F<MANIFEST>?!
13768 How to I prevent "object version X.XX does not match bootstrap parameter
13769 Y.YY" errors?, How do I make two or more XS files coexist in the same
13782 =head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Tutorial - Writing a module with MakeMaker
13796 Makefile.PL, MANIFEST, lib/, t/, Changes, README, INSTALL, MANIFEST.SKIP,
13805 =head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::bytes - Version agnostic bytes.pm
13815 =head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::vmsish - Platform agnostic vmsish.pm
13825 =head2 ExtUtils::Manifest - utilities to write and check a MANIFEST file
13863 =item MANIFEST.SKIP
13867 =item GLOBAL VARIABLES
13875 C<Not in MANIFEST:> I<file>, C<Skipping> I<file>, C<No such file:> I<file>,
13876 C<MANIFEST:> I<$!>, C<Added to MANIFEST:> I<file>
13880 B<PERL_MM_MANIFEST_DEBUG>
13888 =head2 ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap - make a bootstrap file for use by DynaLoader
13898 =head2 ExtUtils::Mksymlists - write linker options files for dynamic
13907 DLBASE, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, FILE, FUNCLIST, IMPORTS, NAME
13915 =head2 ExtUtils::Packlist - manage .packlist files
13927 new(), read(), write(), validate(), packlist_file()
13935 =head2 ExtUtils::testlib - add blib/* directories to @INC
13945 =head2 Fatal - replace functions with equivalents which succeed or die
13957 =head2 Fcntl - load the C Fcntl.h defines
13967 =item EXPORTED SYMBOLS
13971 =head2 File::Basename, fileparse - split a pathname into pieces
13979 fileparse_set_fstype, fileparse
13983 C<basename>, C<dirname>
13987 =head2 File::CheckTree, validate - run many filetest checks on a tree
14001 =head2 File::Compare - Compare files or filehandles
14015 =head2 File::Copy - Copy files or filehandles
14025 =item Special behaviour if C<syscopy> is defined (OS/2, VMS and Win32)
14027 rmscopy($from,$to[,$date_flag])
14039 =head2 File::DosGlob - DOS like globbing and then some
14049 =item EXPORTS (by request only)
14061 =head2 File::Find - Traverse a directory tree.
14069 B<find>, B<finddepth>
14075 C<wanted>, C<bydepth>, C<preprocess>, C<postprocess>, C<follow>,
14076 C<follow_fast>, C<follow_skip>, C<dangling_symlinks>, C<no_chdir>,
14077 C<untaint>, C<untaint_pattern>, C<untaint_skip>
14079 =item The wanted function
14081 C<$File::Find::dir> is the current directory name,, C<$_> is the current
14082 filename within that directory, C<$File::Find::name> is the complete
14083 pathname to the file
14091 $dont_use_nlink, symlinks
14099 =head2 File::Glob - Perl extension for BSD glob routine
14107 C<GLOB_ERR>, C<GLOB_LIMIT>, C<GLOB_MARK>, C<GLOB_NOCASE>, C<GLOB_NOCHECK>,
14108 C<GLOB_NOSORT>, C<GLOB_BRACE>, C<GLOB_NOMAGIC>, C<GLOB_QUOTE>,
14109 C<GLOB_TILDE>, C<GLOB_CSH>, C<GLOB_ALPHASORT>
14113 C<GLOB_NOSPACE>, C<GLOB_ABEND>
14121 =head2 File::Path - create or remove directory trees
14135 =head2 File::Spec - portably perform operations on file names
14145 canonpath, catdir, catfile, curdir, devnull, rootdir, tmpdir, updir,
14146 no_upwards, case_tolerant, file_name_is_absolute, path, join, splitpath,
14147 splitdir, catpath(), abs2rel, rel2abs()
14155 =head2 File::Spec::Cygwin - methods for Cygwin file specs
14167 file_name_is_absolute
14171 =head2 File::Spec::Epoc - methods for Epoc file specs
14191 =head2 File::Spec::Functions - portably perform operations on file names
14209 =head2 File::Spec::Mac - File::Spec for Mac OS (Classic)
14237 file_name_is_absolute
14259 =head2 File::Spec::OS2 - methods for OS/2 file specs
14271 =head2 File::Spec::Unix - File::Spec for Unix, base for other File::Spec
14304 file_name_is_absolute
14326 =head2 File::Spec::VMS - methods for VMS file specs
14342 =item Methods always loaded
14344 canonpath (override)
14362 case_tolerant (override)
14366 file_name_is_absolute (override)
14368 splitpath (override)
14370 splitdir (override)
14384 =head2 File::Spec::Win32 - methods for Win32 file specs
14410 =item Note For File::Spec::Win32 Maintainers
14420 =head2 File::Temp - return name and handle of a temporary file safely
14456 =item MKTEMP FUNCTIONS
14470 =item POSIX FUNCTIONS
14480 =item ADDITIONAL FUNCTIONS
14488 =item UTILITY FUNCTIONS
14500 =item PACKAGE VARIABLES
14502 B<safe_level>, STANDARD, MEDIUM, HIGH
14514 =item Temporary files and NFS
14526 =head2 File::stat - by-name interface to Perl's built-in stat() functions
14542 =head2 FileCache - keep more files open than the system permits
14550 cacheout EXPR, cacheout MODE, EXPR
14560 =head2 FileHandle - supply object methods for filehandles
14568 $fh->print, $fh->printf, $fh->getline, $fh->getlines
14574 =head2 Filter::Simple - Simplified source filtering
14588 =item Disabling or changing <no> behaviour
14590 =item All-in-one interface
14592 =item Filtering only specific components of source code
14594 C<"code">, C<"executable">, C<"quotelike">, C<"string">, C<"regex">,
14597 =item Filtering only the code parts of source code
14599 Most source code ceases to be grammatically correct when it is broken up
14600 into the pieces between string literals and regexes. So the C<'code'>
14601 component filter behaves slightly differently from the other partial
14603 described in the previous section.
14605 =item Using Filter::Simple with an explicit C<import> subroutine
14607 =item Using Filter::Simple and Exporter together
14619 =head2 Filter::Util::Call - Perl Source Filter Utility Module
14629 =item B<use Filter::Util::Call>
14633 =item B<filter() and anonymous sub>
14635 B<$_>, B<$status>, B<filter_read> and B<filter_read_exact>, B<filter_del>
14643 =item Example 1: A simple filter.
14645 =item Example 2: Using the context
14647 =item Example 3: Using the context within the filter
14649 =item Example 4: Using filter_del
14653 =item Filter::Simple
14661 =head2 FindBin - Locate directory of original perl script
14669 =item EXPORTABLE VARIABLES
14681 =head2 GDBM_File - Perl5 access to the gdbm library.
14697 =head2 Getopt::Long - Extended processing of command line options
14705 =item Command Line Options, an Introduction
14707 =item Getting Started with Getopt::Long
14711 =item Simple options
14713 =item A little bit less simple options
14715 =item Mixing command line option with other arguments
14717 =item Options with values
14719 =item Options with multiple values
14721 =item Options with hash values
14723 =item User-defined subroutines to handle options
14725 =item Options with multiple names
14727 =item Case and abbreviations
14729 =item Summary of Option Specifications
14731 !, +, s, i, o, f, : I<type> [ I<desttype> ], : I<number> [ I<desttype> ], :
14736 =item Advanced Possibilities
14740 =item Object oriented interface
14742 =item Thread Safety
14744 =item Documentation and help texts
14746 =item Storing options in a hash
14750 =item The lonesome dash
14752 =item Argument callback
14756 =item Configuring Getopt::Long
14758 default, posix_default, auto_abbrev, getopt_compat, gnu_compat, gnu_getopt,
14759 require_order, permute, bundling (default: disabled), bundling_override
14760 (default: disabled), ignore_case (default: enabled), ignore_case_always
14761 (default: disabled), auto_version (default:disabled), auto_help
14762 (default:disabled), pass_through (default: disabled), prefix,
14763 prefix_pattern, debug (default: disabled)
14765 =item Exportable Methods
14767 VersionMessage, C<-message>, C<-msg>, C<-exitval>, C<-output>, HelpMessage
14769 =item Return values and Errors
14775 =item Default destinations
14777 =item Alternative option starters
14779 =item Configuration variables
14783 =item Trouble Shooting
14787 =item Warning: Ignoring '!' modifier for short option
14789 =item GetOptions does not return a false result when an option is not
14792 =item GetOptions does not split the command line correctly
14794 =item Undefined subroutine &main::GetOptions called
14796 =item How do I put a "-?" option into a Getopt::Long?
14802 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER
14806 =head2 Getopt::Std, getopt - Process single-character switches with switch
14815 =item C<--help> and C<--version>
14819 =head2 Hash::Util - A selection of general-utility hash subroutines
14829 =item Restricted hashes
14831 lock_keys, unlock_keys
14837 lock_value, unlock_value
14839 B<lock_hash>, B<unlock_hash>
14853 =head2 I18N::Collate - compare 8-bit scalar data according to the current
14864 =head2 I18N::LangTags - functions for dealing with RFC3066-style language
14875 the function is_language_tag($lang1)
14877 the function extract_language_tags($whatever)
14879 the function same_language_tag($lang1, $lang2)
14881 the function similarity_language_tag($lang1, $lang2)
14883 the function is_dialect_of($lang1, $lang2)
14885 the function super_languages($lang1)
14887 the function locale2language_tag($locale_identifier)
14889 the function encode_language_tag($lang1)
14891 the function alternate_language_tags($lang1)
14893 the function @langs = panic_languages(@accept_languages)
14897 =item ABOUT LOWERCASING
14899 =item ABOUT UNICODE PLAINTEXT LANGUAGE TAGS
14909 =head2 I18N::LangTags::List -- tags and names for human languages
14917 =item ABOUT LANGUAGE TAGS
14919 =item LIST OF LANGUAGES
14921 {ab} : Abkhazian, {ace} : Achinese, {ach} : Acoli, {ada} : Adangme, {ady} :
14922 Adyghe, {aa} : Afar, {afh} : Afrihili, {af} : Afrikaans, [{afa} :
14923 Afro-Asiatic (Other)], {ak} : Akan, {akk} : Akkadian, {sq} : Albanian,
14924 {ale} : Aleut, [{alg} : Algonquian languages], [{tut} : Altaic (Other)],
14925 {am} : Amharic, {i-ami} : Ami, [{apa} : Apache languages], {ar} : Arabic,
14926 {arc} : Aramaic, {arp} : Arapaho, {arn} : Araucanian, {arw} : Arawak, {hy}
14927 : Armenian, {an} : Aragonese, [{art} : Artificial (Other)], {ast} :
14928 Asturian, {as} : Assamese, [{ath} : Athapascan languages], [{aus} :
14929 Australian languages], [{map} : Austronesian (Other)], {av} : Avaric, {ae}
14930 : Avestan, {awa} : Awadhi, {ay} : Aymara, {az} : Azerbaijani, {ban} :
14931 Balinese, [{bat} : Baltic (Other)], {bal} : Baluchi, {bm} : Bambara, [{bai}
14932 : Bamileke languages], {bad} : Banda, [{bnt} : Bantu (Other)], {bas} :
14933 Basa, {ba} : Bashkir, {eu} : Basque, {btk} : Batak (Indonesia), {bej} :
14934 Beja, {be} : Belarusian, {bem} : Bemba, {bn} : Bengali, [{ber} : Berber
14935 (Other)], {bho} : Bhojpuri, {bh} : Bihari, {bik} : Bikol, {bin} : Bini,
14936 {bi} : Bislama, {bs} : Bosnian, {bra} : Braj, {br} : Breton, {bug} :
14937 Buginese, {bg} : Bulgarian, {i-bnn} : Bunun, {bua} : Buriat, {my} :
14938 Burmese, {cad} : Caddo, {car} : Carib, {ca} : Catalan, [{cau} : Caucasian
14939 (Other)], {ceb} : Cebuano, [{cel} : Celtic (Other)], [{cai} : Central
14940 American Indian (Other)], {chg} : Chagatai, [{cmc} : Chamic languages],
14941 {ch} : Chamorro, {ce} : Chechen, {chr} : Cherokee, {chy} : Cheyenne, {chb}
14942 : Chibcha, {ny} : Chichewa, {zh} : Chinese, {chn} : Chinook Jargon, {chp} :
14943 Chipewyan, {cho} : Choctaw, {cu} : Church Slavic, {chk} : Chuukese, {cv} :
14944 Chuvash, {cop} : Coptic, {kw} : Cornish, {co} : Corsican, {cr} : Cree,
14945 {mus} : Creek, [{cpe} : English-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{cpf}
14946 : French-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{cpp} : Portuguese-based
14947 Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{crp} : Creoles and pidgins (Other)], {hr} :
14948 Croatian, [{cus} : Cushitic (Other)], {cs} : Czech, {dak} : Dakota, {da} :
14949 Danish, {dar} : Dargwa, {day} : Dayak, {i-default} : Default (Fallthru)
14950 Language, {del} : Delaware, {din} : Dinka, {dv} : Divehi, {doi} : Dogri,
14951 {dgr} : Dogrib, [{dra} : Dravidian (Other)], {dua} : Duala, {nl} : Dutch,
14952 {dum} : Middle Dutch (ca.1050-1350), {dyu} : Dyula, {dz} : Dzongkha, {efi}
14953 : Efik, {egy} : Ancient Egyptian, {eka} : Ekajuk, {elx} : Elamite, {en} :
14954 English, {enm} : Old English (1100-1500), {ang} : Old English
14955 (ca.450-1100), {i-enochian} : Enochian (Artificial), {myv} : Erzya, {eo} :
14956 Esperanto, {et} : Estonian, {ee} : Ewe, {ewo} : Ewondo, {fan} : Fang, {fat}
14957 : Fanti, {fo} : Faroese, {fj} : Fijian, {fi} : Finnish, [{fiu} :
14958 Finno-Ugrian (Other)], {fon} : Fon, {fr} : French, {frm} : Middle French
14959 (ca.1400-1600), {fro} : Old French (842-ca.1400), {fy} : Frisian, {fur} :
14960 Friulian, {ff} : Fulah, {gaa} : Ga, {gd} : Scots Gaelic, {gl} : Gallegan,
14961 {lg} : Ganda, {gay} : Gayo, {gba} : Gbaya, {gez} : Geez, {ka} : Georgian,
14962 {de} : German, {gmh} : Middle High German (ca.1050-1500), {goh} : Old High
14963 German (ca.750-1050), [{gem} : Germanic (Other)], {gil} : Gilbertese, {gon}
14964 : Gondi, {gor} : Gorontalo, {got} : Gothic, {grb} : Grebo, {grc} : Ancient
14965 Greek, {el} : Modern Greek, {gn} : Guarani, {gu} : Gujarati, {gwi} :
14966 Gwich'in, {hai} : Haida, {ht} : Haitian, {ha} : Hausa, {haw} : Hawaiian,
14967 {he} : Hebrew, {hz} : Herero, {hil} : Hiligaynon, {him} : Himachali, {hi} :
14968 Hindi, {ho} : Hiri Motu, {hit} : Hittite, {hmn} : Hmong, {hu} : Hungarian,
14969 {hup} : Hupa, {iba} : Iban, {is} : Icelandic, {io} : Ido, {ig} : Igbo,
14970 {ijo} : Ijo, {ilo} : Iloko, [{inc} : Indic (Other)], [{ine} : Indo-European
14971 (Other)], {id} : Indonesian, {inh} : Ingush, {ia} : Interlingua
14972 (International Auxiliary Language Association), {ie} : Interlingue, {iu} :
14973 Inuktitut, {ik} : Inupiaq, [{ira} : Iranian (Other)], {ga} : Irish, {mga} :
14974 Middle Irish (900-1200), {sga} : Old Irish (to 900), [{iro} : Iroquoian
14975 languages], {it} : Italian, {ja} : Japanese, {jv} : Javanese, {jrb} :
14976 Judeo-Arabic, {jpr} : Judeo-Persian, {kbd} : Kabardian, {kab} : Kabyle,
14977 {kac} : Kachin, {kl} : Kalaallisut, {xal} : Kalmyk, {kam} : Kamba, {kn} :
14978 Kannada, {kr} : Kanuri, {krc} : Karachay-Balkar, {kaa} : Kara-Kalpak, {kar}
14979 : Karen, {ks} : Kashmiri, {csb} : Kashubian, {kaw} : Kawi, {kk} : Kazakh,
14980 {kha} : Khasi, {km} : Khmer, [{khi} : Khoisan (Other)], {kho} : Khotanese,
14981 {ki} : Kikuyu, {kmb} : Kimbundu, {rw} : Kinyarwanda, {ky} : Kirghiz,
14982 {i-klingon} : Klingon, {kv} : Komi, {kg} : Kongo, {kok} : Konkani, {ko} :
14983 Korean, {kos} : Kosraean, {kpe} : Kpelle, {kro} : Kru, {kj} : Kuanyama,
14984 {kum} : Kumyk, {ku} : Kurdish, {kru} : Kurukh, {kut} : Kutenai, {lad} :
14985 Ladino, {lah} : Lahnda, {lam} : Lamba, {lo} : Lao, {la} : Latin, {lv} :
14986 Latvian, {lb} : Letzeburgesch, {lez} : Lezghian, {li} : Limburgish, {ln} :
14987 Lingala, {lt} : Lithuanian, {nds} : Low German, {art-lojban} : Lojban
14988 (Artificial), {loz} : Lozi, {lu} : Luba-Katanga, {lua} : Luba-Lulua, {lui}
14989 : Luiseno, {lun} : Lunda, {luo} : Luo (Kenya and Tanzania), {lus} : Lushai,
14990 {mk} : Macedonian, {mad} : Madurese, {mag} : Magahi, {mai} : Maithili,
14991 {mak} : Makasar, {mg} : Malagasy, {ms} : Malay, {ml} : Malayalam, {mt} :
14992 Maltese, {mnc} : Manchu, {mdr} : Mandar, {man} : Mandingo, {mni} :
14993 Manipuri, [{mno} : Manobo languages], {gv} : Manx, {mi} : Maori, {mr} :
14994 Marathi, {chm} : Mari, {mh} : Marshall, {mwr} : Marwari, {mas} : Masai,
14995 [{myn} : Mayan languages], {men} : Mende, {mic} : Micmac, {min} :
14996 Minangkabau, {i-mingo} : Mingo, [{mis} : Miscellaneous languages], {moh} :
14997 Mohawk, {mdf} : Moksha, {mo} : Moldavian, [{mkh} : Mon-Khmer (Other)],
14998 {lol} : Mongo, {mn} : Mongolian, {mos} : Mossi, [{mul} : Multiple
14999 languages], [{mun} : Munda languages], {nah} : Nahuatl, {nap} : Neapolitan,
15000 {na} : Nauru, {nv} : Navajo, {nd} : North Ndebele, {nr} : South Ndebele,
15001 {ng} : Ndonga, {ne} : Nepali, {new} : Newari, {nia} : Nias, [{nic} :
15002 Niger-Kordofanian (Other)], [{ssa} : Nilo-Saharan (Other)], {niu} : Niuean,
15003 {nog} : Nogai, {non} : Old Norse, [{nai} : North American Indian], {no} :
15004 Norwegian, {nb} : Norwegian Bokmal, {nn} : Norwegian Nynorsk, [{nub} :
15005 Nubian languages], {nym} : Nyamwezi, {nyn} : Nyankole, {nyo} : Nyoro, {nzi}
15006 : Nzima, {oc} : Occitan (post 1500), {oj} : Ojibwa, {or} : Oriya, {om} :
15007 Oromo, {osa} : Osage, {os} : Ossetian; Ossetic, [{oto} : Otomian
15008 languages], {pal} : Pahlavi, {i-pwn} : Paiwan, {pau} : Palauan, {pi} :
15009 Pali, {pam} : Pampanga, {pag} : Pangasinan, {pa} : Panjabi, {pap} :
15010 Papiamento, [{paa} : Papuan (Other)], {fa} : Persian, {peo} : Old Persian
15011 (ca.600-400 B.C.), [{phi} : Philippine (Other)], {phn} : Phoenician, {pon}
15012 : Pohnpeian, {pl} : Polish, {pt} : Portuguese, [{pra} : Prakrit languages],
15013 {pro} : Old Provencal (to 1500), {ps} : Pushto, {qu} : Quechua, {rm} :
15014 Raeto-Romance, {raj} : Rajasthani, {rap} : Rapanui, {rar} : Rarotongan,
15015 [{qaa - qtz} : Reserved for local use.], [{roa} : Romance (Other)], {ro} :
15016 Romanian, {rom} : Romany, {rn} : Rundi, {ru} : Russian, [{sal} : Salishan
15017 languages], {sam} : Samaritan Aramaic, {se} : Northern Sami, {sma} :
15018 Southern Sami, {smn} : Inari Sami, {smj} : Lule Sami, {sms} : Skolt Sami,
15019 [{smi} : Sami languages (Other)], {sm} : Samoan, {sad} : Sandawe, {sg} :
15020 Sango, {sa} : Sanskrit, {sat} : Santali, {sc} : Sardinian, {sas} : Sasak,
15021 {sco} : Scots, {sel} : Selkup, [{sem} : Semitic (Other)], {sr} : Serbian,
15022 {srr} : Serer, {shn} : Shan, {sn} : Shona, {sid} : Sidamo, {sgn-...} : Sign
15023 Languages, {bla} : Siksika, {sd} : Sindhi, {si} : Sinhalese, [{sit} :
15024 Sino-Tibetan (Other)], [{sio} : Siouan languages], {den} : Slave
15025 (Athapascan), [{sla} : Slavic (Other)], {sk} : Slovak, {sl} : Slovenian,
15026 {sog} : Sogdian, {so} : Somali, {son} : Songhai, {snk} : Soninke, {wen} :
15027 Sorbian languages, {nso} : Northern Sotho, {st} : Southern Sotho, [{sai} :
15028 South American Indian (Other)], {es} : Spanish, {suk} : Sukuma, {sux} :
15029 Sumerian, {su} : Sundanese, {sus} : Susu, {sw} : Swahili, {ss} : Swati,
15030 {sv} : Swedish, {syr} : Syriac, {tl} : Tagalog, {ty} : Tahitian, [{tai} :
15031 Tai (Other)], {tg} : Tajik, {tmh} : Tamashek, {ta} : Tamil, {i-tao} : Tao,
15032 {tt} : Tatar, {i-tay} : Tayal, {te} : Telugu, {ter} : Tereno, {tet} :
15033 Tetum, {th} : Thai, {bo} : Tibetan, {tig} : Tigre, {ti} : Tigrinya, {tem} :
15034 Timne, {tiv} : Tiv, {tli} : Tlingit, {tpi} : Tok Pisin, {tkl} : Tokelau,
15035 {tog} : Tonga (Nyasa), {to} : Tonga (Tonga Islands), {tsi} : Tsimshian,
15036 {ts} : Tsonga, {i-tsu} : Tsou, {tn} : Tswana, {tum} : Tumbuka, [{tup} :
15037 Tupi languages], {tr} : Turkish, {ota} : Ottoman Turkish (1500-1928), {crh}
15038 : Crimean Turkish, {tk} : Turkmen, {tvl} : Tuvalu, {tyv} : Tuvinian, {tw} :
15039 Twi, {udm} : Udmurt, {uga} : Ugaritic, {ug} : Uighur, {uk} : Ukrainian,
15040 {umb} : Umbundu, {und} : Undetermined, {ur} : Urdu, {uz} : Uzbek, {vai} :
15041 Vai, {ve} : Venda, {vi} : Vietnamese, {vo} : Volapuk, {vot} : Votic, [{wak}
15042 : Wakashan languages], {wa} : Walloon, {wal} : Walamo, {war} : Waray, {was}
15043 : Washo, {cy} : Welsh, {wo} : Wolof, {x-...} : Unregistered (Semi-Private
15044 Use), {xh} : Xhosa, {sah} : Yakut, {yao} : Yao, {yap} : Yapese, {ii} :
15045 Sichuan Yi, {yi} : Yiddish, {yo} : Yoruba, [{ypk} : Yupik languages], {znd}
15046 : Zande, [{zap} : Zapotec], {zen} : Zenaga, {za} : Zhuang, {zu} : Zulu,
15051 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER
15057 =head2 I18N::Langinfo - query locale information
15075 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
15079 =head2 IO - load various IO modules
15091 =head2 IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory handles
15099 new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (),
15100 rewind (), close (), tie %hash, 'IO::Dir', DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ]
15110 =head2 IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles
15120 new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile
15124 open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), open( FILENAME, IOLAYERS )
15132 =head2 IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O handles
15142 new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE )
15146 $io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines,
15147 $io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ), $io->error,
15148 $io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush ( ARGS ),
15149 $io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint
15161 =head2 IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes
15171 new ( [READER, WRITER] )
15175 reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles ()
15185 =head2 IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call
15195 mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ), remove (
15196 IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] )
15206 =head2 IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for I/O objects
15214 $io->getpos, $io->setpos, $io->seek ( POS, WHENCE ), WHENCE=0 (SEEK_SET),
15215 WHENCE=1 (SEEK_CUR), WHENCE=2 (SEEK_END), $io->sysseek( POS, WHENCE ),
15224 =head2 IO::Select - OO interface to the select system call
15234 new ( [ HANDLES ] )
15238 add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read (
15239 [ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ),
15240 count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, EXCEPTION [, TIMEOUT ] )
15250 =head2 IO::Socket - Object interface to socket communications
15264 accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), atmark, connected,
15265 protocol, sockdomain, sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), socktype, timeout([VAL])
15275 =head2 IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for AF_INET domain sockets
15291 sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost
15304 =head2 IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for AF_UNIX domain sockets
15318 hostpath(), peerpath()
15328 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Dir, IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory
15337 new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (),
15338 rewind (), close (), tie %hash, 'IO::Dir', DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ]
15348 =head2 IO::lib::IO::File, IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles
15358 new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile
15362 open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), open( FILENAME, IOLAYERS )
15370 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Handle, IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O
15381 new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE )
15385 $io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines,
15386 $io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ), $io->error,
15387 $io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush ( ARGS ),
15388 $io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint
15400 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Pipe, IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes
15410 new ( [READER, WRITER] )
15414 reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles ()
15424 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Poll, IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call
15434 mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ), remove (
15435 IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] )
15445 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Seekable, IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for
15454 $io->getpos, $io->setpos, $io->seek ( POS, WHENCE ), WHENCE=0 (SEEK_SET),
15455 WHENCE=1 (SEEK_CUR), WHENCE=2 (SEEK_END), $io->sysseek( POS, WHENCE ),
15464 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Select, IO::Select - OO interface to the select system
15475 new ( [ HANDLES ] )
15479 add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read (
15480 [ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ),
15481 count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, EXCEPTION [, TIMEOUT ] )
15491 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket, IO::Socket - Object interface to socket
15506 accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), atmark, connected,
15507 protocol, sockdomain, sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), socktype, timeout([VAL])
15517 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket::INET, IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for
15518 AF_INET domain sockets
15534 sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost
15547 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket::UNIX, IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for
15548 AF_UNIX domain sockets
15562 hostpath(), peerpath()
15572 =head2 IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class
15582 new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set
15583 ( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [,
15594 =head2 IPC::Open2, open2 - open a process for both reading and writing
15608 =head2 IPC::Open3, open3 - open a process for reading, writing, and error
15621 =head2 IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object class
15631 new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ),
15632 getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ),
15633 set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N
15644 =head2 IPC::SysV - SysV IPC constants
15662 =head2 IPC::SysV::Msg, IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class
15672 new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set
15673 ( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [,
15684 =head2 IPC::SysV::Semaphore, IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object
15695 new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ),
15696 getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ),
15697 set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N
15708 =head2 List::Util - A selection of general-utility list subroutines
15716 first BLOCK LIST, max LIST, maxstr LIST, min LIST, minstr LIST, reduce
15717 BLOCK LIST, shuffle LIST, sum LIST
15721 =item SUGGESTED ADDITIONS
15727 =head2 List::Utilib::List::Util, List::Util - A selection of
15728 general-utility list subroutines
15736 first BLOCK LIST, max LIST, maxstr LIST, min LIST, minstr LIST, reduce
15737 BLOCK LIST, shuffle LIST, sum LIST
15741 =item SUGGESTED ADDITIONS
15747 =head2 List::Utilib::Scalar::Util, Scalar::Util - A selection of
15748 general-utility scalar subroutines
15756 blessed EXPR, dualvar NUM, STRING, isvstring EXPR, isweak EXPR,
15757 looks_like_number EXPR, openhandle FH, refaddr EXPR, reftype EXPR,
15758 set_prototype CODEREF, PROTOTYPE, tainted EXPR, weaken REF
15768 =head2 Locale::Constants - constants for Locale codes
15776 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
15780 Locale::Language, Locale::Country, Locale::Script, Locale::Currency
15788 =head2 Locale::Country - ISO codes for country identification (ISO 3166)
15796 B<alpha-2>, B<alpha-3>, B<numeric>
15798 =item CONVERSION ROUTINES
15800 code2country( CODE, [ CODESET ] ), country2code( STRING, [ CODESET ] ),
15801 country_code2code( CODE, CODESET, CODESET )
15803 =item QUERY ROUTINES
15805 C<all_country_codes( [ CODESET ] )>, C<all_country_names( [ CODESET ] )>
15807 =item SEMI-PRIVATE ROUTINES
15813 =item rename_country
15821 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
15825 Locale::Language, Locale::Script, Locale::Currency, Locale::SubCountry, ISO
15826 3166-1, http://www.iso.org/iso/en/prods-services/iso3166ma/index.html,
15827 http://www.egt.ie/standards/iso3166/iso3166-1-en.html,
15828 http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/docs/app-d-1.html
15836 =head2 Locale::Currency - ISO three letter codes for currency
15837 identification (ISO 4217)
15847 =item CONVERSION ROUTINES
15849 code2currency(), currency2code()
15851 =item QUERY ROUTINES
15853 C<all_currency_codes()>, C<all_currency_names()>
15857 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
15861 Locale::Country, Locale::Script, ISO 4217:1995,
15862 http://www.bsi-global.com/iso4217currency
15870 =head2 Locale::Language - ISO two letter codes for language identification
15879 =item CONVERSION ROUTINES
15881 code2language(), language2code()
15883 =item QUERY ROUTINES
15885 C<all_language_codes()>, C<all_language_names()>
15889 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
15893 Locale::Country, Locale::Script, Locale::Currency, ISO 639:1988 (E/F),
15894 http://lcweb.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/langhome.html
15902 =head2 Locale::Maketext - framework for localization
15910 =item QUICK OVERVIEW
15916 =item Construction Methods
15918 =item The "maketext" Method
15920 $lh->fail_with I<or> $lh->fail_with(I<PARAM>), $lh->failure_handler_auto
15922 =item Utility Methods
15924 $language->quant($number, $singular), $language->quant($number, $singular,
15925 $plural), $language->quant($number, $singular, $plural, $negative),
15926 $language->numf($number), $language->sprintf($format, @items),
15927 $language->language_tag(), $language->encoding()
15929 =item Language Handle Attributes and Internals
15933 =item LANGUAGE CLASS HIERARCHIES
15935 =item ENTRIES IN EACH LEXICON
15937 =item BRACKET NOTATION
15939 =item AUTO LEXICONS
15941 =item CONTROLLING LOOKUP FAILURE
15943 =item HOW TO USE MAKETEXT
15947 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER
15953 =head2 Locale::Maketext::TPJ13 -- article about software localization
15961 =item Localization and Perl: gettext breaks, Maketext fixes
15965 =item A Localization Horror Story: It Could Happen To You
15967 =item The Linguistic View
15969 =item Breaking gettext
15971 =item Replacing gettext
15973 =item Buzzwords: Abstraction and Encapsulation
15975 =item Buzzword: Isomorphism
15977 =item Buzzword: Inheritance
15979 =item Buzzword: Concision
15981 =item The Devil in the Details
15983 =item The Proof in the Pudding: Localizing Web Sites
15991 =head2 Locale::Script - ISO codes for script identification (ISO 15924)
15999 B<alpha-2>, B<alpha-3>, B<numeric>
16003 =item SPECIAL CODES
16007 =item CONVERSION ROUTINES
16009 code2script( CODE, [ CODESET ] ), script2code( STRING, [ CODESET ] ),
16010 script_code2code( CODE, CODESET, CODESET )
16012 =item QUERY ROUTINES
16014 C<all_script_codes ( [ CODESET ] )>, C<all_script_names ( [ CODESET ] )>
16018 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
16022 Locale::Language, Locale::Currency, Locale::Country, ISO 15924,
16023 http://www.evertype.com/standards/iso15924/
16031 =head2 MIME::Base64 - Encoding and decoding of base64 strings
16039 encode_base64($str), encode_base64($str, $eol);, decode_base64($str)
16043 Premature end of base64 data, Premature padding of base64 data
16051 =head2 MIME::Base64::QuotedPrint, MIME::QuotedPrint - Encoding and decoding
16052 of quoted-printable strings
16060 encode_qp($str), encode_qp($str, $eol), decode_qp($str);
16066 =head2 MIME::QuotedPrint - Encoding and decoding of quoted-printable
16075 encode_qp($str), encode_qp($str, $eol), decode_qp($str);
16081 =head2 Math::BigFloat - Arbitrary size floating point math package
16091 =item Canonical notation
16095 =item C<mantissa()>, C<exponent()> and C<parts()>
16097 =item Accuracy vs. Precision
16101 ffround ( +$scale ), ffround ( -$scale ), ffround ( 0 ), fround ( +$scale
16102 ), fround ( -$scale ) and fround ( 0 )
16110 =item Autocreating constants
16116 =item Using Math::BigInt::Lite
16124 stringify, bstr(), bdiv, Modifying and =, bpow
16134 =head2 Math::BigInt - Arbitrary size integer math package
16166 =item is_one()/is_zero()/is_nan()/is_inf()
16168 =item is_positive()/is_negative()
16170 $x->is_positive(); # true if >= 0
16171 $x->is_negative(); # true if < 0
16173 =item is_odd()/is_even()/is_int()
16259 =item ACCURACY and PRECISION
16269 =item Rounding mode R
16271 'trunc', 'even', 'odd', '+inf', '-inf', 'zero', Precision, Accuracy
16272 (significant digits), Setting/Accessing, Creating numbers, Usage,
16273 Precedence, Overriding globals, Local settings, Rounding, Default values,
16286 =item mantissa(), exponent() and parts()
16294 =item Autocreating constants
16300 =item Alternative math libraries
16306 =item Subclassing Math::BigInt
16314 bsqrt(), div(), blog()
16320 broot() does not work, Out of Memory!, Fails to load Calc on Perl prior
16325 stringify, bstr(), bsstr() and 'cmp', int(), length, bdiv, infinity
16326 handling, Modifying and =, bpow, Overloading -$x, Mixing different object
16327 types, bsqrt(), brsft()
16337 =head2 Math::BigInt::Calc - Pure Perl module to support Math::BigInt
16349 =item WRAP YOUR OWN
16353 This program is free software; you may redistribute it and/or modify it
16355 the same terms as Perl itself.
16363 =head2 Math::BigInt::Scalar - Pure Perl module to test Math::BigInt with
16374 This program is free software; you may redistribute it and/or modify it
16376 the same terms as Perl itself.
16384 =head2 Math::BigRat - arbitrarily big rationals
16406 =item denominator()
16408 $d = $x->denominator();
16418 =item bround()/round()/bfround()
16426 =item is_positive()
16428 =item is_negative()
16448 inf handling (partial), NaN handling (partial), rounding (not implemented
16449 except for bceil/bfloor), $x ** $y where $y is not an integer
16459 =head2 Math::Complex - complex numbers and associated mathematical
16472 =item STRINGIFICATION
16476 =item CHANGED IN PERL 5.6
16482 =item ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO OR LOGARITHM OF ZERO
16484 =item ERRORS DUE TO INDIGESTIBLE ARGUMENTS
16492 =head2 Math::Trig - trigonometric functions
16500 =item TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS
16506 =item ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO
16508 =item SIMPLE (REAL) ARGUMENTS, COMPLEX RESULTS
16512 =item PLANE ANGLE CONVERSIONS
16514 =item RADIAL COORDINATE CONVERSIONS
16518 =item COORDINATE SYSTEMS
16520 =item 3-D ANGLE CONVERSIONS
16522 cartesian_to_cylindrical, cartesian_to_spherical, cylindrical_to_cartesian,
16523 cylindrical_to_spherical, spherical_to_cartesian, spherical_to_cylindrical
16527 =item GREAT CIRCLE DISTANCES AND DIRECTIONS
16533 =item CAVEAT FOR GREAT CIRCLE FORMULAS
16543 =head2 Memoize - Make functions faster by trading space for time
16561 =item C<SCALAR_CACHE>, C<LIST_CACHE>
16563 C<MEMORY>, C<HASH>, C<TIE>, C<FAULT>, C<MERGE>
16567 =item OTHER FACILITIES
16573 =item C<flush_cache>
16579 =item PERSISTENT CACHE SUPPORT
16581 =item EXPIRATION SUPPORT
16589 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
16595 =head2 Memoize::AnyDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for AnyDBM_File for
16604 =head2 Memoize::Expire - Plug-in module for automatic expiration of
16615 TIEHASH, EXISTS, STORE
16627 =head2 Memoize::ExpireFile - test for Memoize expiration semantics
16635 =head2 Memoize::ExpireTest - test for Memoize expiration semantics
16643 =head2 Memoize::NDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for NDBM_File for
16652 =head2 Memoize::SDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for SDBM_File for
16661 =head2 Memoize::Storable - store Memoized data in Storable database
16669 =head2 NDBM_File - Tied access to ndbm files
16677 C<O_RDONLY>, C<O_WRONLY>, C<O_RDWR>
16683 =item C<ndbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...>
16687 =item BUGS AND WARNINGS
16691 =head2 NEXT - Provide a pseudo-class NEXT (et al) that allows method
16702 =item Enforcing redispatch
16704 =item Avoiding repetitions
16706 =item Invoking all versions of a method with a single call
16708 =item Using C<EVERY> methods
16714 =item BUGS AND IRRITATIONS
16720 =head2 Net::Cmd - Network Command class (as used by FTP, SMTP etc)
16730 debug ( VALUE ), message (), code (), ok (), status (), datasend ( DATA ),
16733 =item CLASS METHODS
16735 debug_print ( DIR, TEXT ), debug_text ( TEXT ), command ( CMD [, ARGS, ...
16736 ]), unsupported (), response (), parse_response ( TEXT ), getline (),
16737 ungetline ( TEXT ), rawdatasend ( DATA ), read_until_dot (), tied_fh ()
16747 =head2 Net::Config - Local configuration data for libnet
16757 requires_firewall HOST
16759 =item NetConfig VALUES
16761 nntp_hosts, snpp_hosts, pop3_hosts, smtp_hosts, ph_hosts, daytime_hosts,
16762 time_hosts, inet_domain, ftp_firewall, ftp_firewall_type, ftp_ext_passive,
16763 ftp_int_pasive, local_netmask, test_hosts, test_exists
16767 =head2 Net::Domain - Attempt to evaluate the current host's internet name
16776 hostfqdn (), hostname (), hostdomain ()
16784 =head2 Net::FTP - FTP Client class
16796 new (HOST [,OPTIONS])
16800 login ([LOGIN [,PASSWORD [, ACCOUNT] ] ]), authorize ( [AUTH [, RESP]]),
16801 site (ARGS), type (TYPE [, ARGS]), ascii ([ARGS]) binary([ARGS])
16802 ebcdic([ARGS]) byte([ARGS]), rename ( OLDNAME, NEWNAME ), delete ( FILENAME
16803 ), cwd ( [ DIR ] ), cdup (), pwd (), restart ( WHERE ), rmdir ( DIR ),
16804 mkdir ( DIR [, RECURSE ]), ls ( [ DIR ] ), alloc ( SIZE [, RECORD_SIZE] ),
16805 dir ( [ DIR ] ), get ( REMOTE_FILE [, LOCAL_FILE [, WHERE]] ), put (
16806 LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] ), put_unique ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] ),
16807 append ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] ), unique_name (), mdtm ( FILE ), size
16808 ( FILE ), supported ( CMD ), hash ( [FILEHANDLE_GLOB_REF],[
16809 BYTES_PER_HASH_MARK] ), nlst ( [ DIR ] ), list ( [ DIR ] ), retr ( FILE ),
16810 stor ( FILE ), stou ( FILE ), appe ( FILE ), port ( [ PORT ] ), pasv (),
16811 pasv_xfer ( SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER [, DEST_FILE ] ), pasv_xfer_unique (
16812 SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER [, DEST_FILE ] ), pasv_wait ( NON_PASV_SERVER ),
16817 =item Methods for the adventurous
16823 =item THE dataconn CLASS
16825 read ( BUFFER, SIZE [, TIMEOUT ] ), write ( BUFFER, SIZE [, TIMEOUT ] ),
16826 bytes_read (), abort (), close ()
16828 =item UNIMPLEMENTED
16830 B<SMNT>, B<HELP>, B<MODE>, B<SYST>, B<STAT>, B<STRU>, B<REIN>
16832 =item REPORTING BUGS
16840 http://www.csh.rit.edu/~adam/Progs/autoftp-2.0.tar.gz
16848 =head2 Net::NNTP - NNTP Client class
16858 new ( [ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ])
16862 article ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), body ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), head (
16863 [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), articlefh ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), bodyfh ( [
16864 MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), headfh ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), nntpstat ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ]
16865 ), group ( [ GROUP ] ), ihave ( MSGID [, MESSAGE ]), last (), date (),
16866 postok (), authinfo ( USER, PASS ), list (), newgroups ( SINCE [,
16867 DISTRIBUTIONS ]), newnews ( SINCE [, GROUPS [, DISTRIBUTIONS ]]), next (),
16868 post ( [ MESSAGE ] ), postfh (), slave (), quit ()
16872 =item Extension methods
16874 newsgroups ( [ PATTERN ] ), distributions (), subscriptions (),
16875 overview_fmt (), active_times (), active ( [ PATTERN ] ), xgtitle ( PATTERN
16876 ), xhdr ( HEADER, MESSAGE-SPEC ), xover ( MESSAGE-SPEC ), xpath (
16877 MESSAGE-ID ), xpat ( HEADER, PATTERN, MESSAGE-SPEC), xrover, listgroup ( [
16886 MESSAGE-SPEC, PATTERN, Examples, C<[^]-]>, C<*bdc>, C<[0-9a-zA-Z]>, C<a??d>
16896 =head2 Net::POP3 - Post Office Protocol 3 Client class (RFC1939)
16906 new ( [ HOST, ] [ OPTIONS ] )
16910 user ( USER ), pass ( PASS ), login ( [ USER [, PASS ]] ), apop ( [ USER [,
16911 PASS ]] ), top ( MSGNUM [, NUMLINES ] ), list ( [ MSGNUM ] ), get ( MSGNUM
16912 [, FH ] ), getfh ( MSGNUM ), last (), popstat (), ping ( USER ), uidl ( [
16913 MSGNUM ] ), delete ( MSGNUM ), reset (), quit ()
16925 =head2 Net::Ping - check a remote host for reachability
16937 Net::Ping->new([$proto [, $def_timeout [, $bytes [, $device [, $tos
16938 ]]]]]);, $p->ping($host [, $timeout]);, $p->source_verify( { 0 | 1 } );,
16939 $p->service_check( { 0 | 1 } );, $p->tcp_service_check( { 0 | 1 } );,
16940 $p->hires( { 0 | 1 } );, $p->bind($local_addr);, $p->open($host);, $p->ack(
16941 [ $host ] );, $p->nack( $failed_ack_host );, $p->close();, pingecho($host
16958 =head2 Net::SMTP - Simple Mail Transfer Protocol Client
16970 new Net::SMTP [ HOST, ] [ OPTIONS ]
16974 banner (), domain (), hello ( DOMAIN ), etrn ( DOMAIN ), auth ( USERNAME,
16975 PASSWORD ), mail ( ADDRESS [, OPTIONS] ), send ( ADDRESS ), send_or_mail (
16976 ADDRESS ), send_and_mail ( ADDRESS ), reset (), recipient ( ADDRESS [,
16977 ADDRESS [ ...]] [, OPTIONS ] ), to ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), cc (
16978 ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), bcc ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), data ( [
16979 DATA ] ), expand ( ADDRESS ), verify ( ADDRESS ), help ( [ $subject ] ),
16992 =head2 Net::Time - time and daytime network client interface
17000 inet_time ( [HOST [, PROTOCOL [, TIMEOUT]]]), inet_daytime ( [HOST [,
17001 PROTOCOL [, TIMEOUT]]])
17009 =head2 Net::hostent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gethost*()
17026 =head2 Net::libnetFAQ, libnetFAQ - libnet Frequently Asked Questions
17034 =item Where to get this document
17036 =item How to contribute to this document
17040 =item Author and Copyright Information
17048 =item Obtaining and installing libnet
17052 =item What is libnet ?
17054 =item Which version of perl do I need ?
17056 =item What other modules do I need ?
17058 =item What machines support libnet ?
17060 =item Where can I get the latest libnet release
17064 =item Using Net::FTP
17068 =item How do I download files from an FTP server ?
17070 =item How do I transfer files in binary mode ?
17072 =item How can I get the size of a file on a remote FTP server ?
17074 =item How can I get the modification time of a file on a remote FTP server
17077 =item How can I change the permissions of a file on a remote server ?
17079 =item Can I do a reget operation like the ftp command ?
17081 =item How do I get a directory listing from an FTP server ?
17083 =item Changing directory to "" does not fail ?
17085 =item I am behind a SOCKS firewall, but the Firewall option does not work ?
17087 =item I am behind an FTP proxy firewall, but cannot access machines outside
17090 =item My ftp proxy firewall does not listen on port 21
17092 =item Is it possible to change the file permissions of a file on an FTP
17095 =item I have seen scripts call a method message, but cannot find it
17098 =item Why does Net::FTP not implement mput and mget methods
17102 =item Using Net::SMTP
17106 =item Why can't the part of an Email address after the @ be used as the
17109 =item Why does Net::SMTP not do DNS MX lookups ?
17111 =item The verify method always returns true ?
17115 =item Debugging scripts
17119 =item How can I debug my scripts that use Net::* modules ?
17123 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
17127 =head2 Net::netent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getnet*()
17144 =head2 Net::protoent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getproto*()
17159 =head2 Net::servent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getserv*()
17176 =head2 Netrc, Net::Netrc - OO interface to users netrc file
17184 =item THE .netrc FILE
17186 machine name, default, login name, password string, account string, macdef
17191 lookup ( MACHINE [, LOGIN ])
17195 login (), password (), account (), lpa ()
17205 =head2 O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends
17215 =item IMPLEMENTATION
17223 =head2 ODBM_File - Tied access to odbm files
17231 C<O_RDONLY>, C<O_WRONLY>, C<O_RDWR>
17237 =item C<odbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...>
17241 =item BUGS AND WARNINGS
17245 =head2 Opcode - Disable named opcodes when compiling perl code
17257 =item Operator Names and Operator Lists
17259 an operator name (opname), an operator tag name (optag), a negated opname
17260 or optag, an operator set (opset)
17262 =item Opcode Functions
17264 opcodes, opset (OP, ...), opset_to_ops (OPSET), opset_to_hex (OPSET),
17265 full_opset, empty_opset, invert_opset (OPSET), verify_opset (OPSET, ...),
17266 define_optag (OPTAG, OPSET), opmask_add (OPSET), opmask, opdesc (OP, ...),
17269 =item Manipulating Opsets
17271 =item TO DO (maybe)
17277 =item Predefined Opcode Tags
17279 :base_core, :base_mem, :base_loop, :base_io, :base_orig, :base_math,
17280 :base_thread, :default, :filesys_read, :sys_db, :browse, :filesys_open,
17281 :filesys_write, :subprocess, :ownprocess, :others, :still_to_be_decided,
17290 =head2 Opcode::Safe, Safe - Compile and execute code in restricted
17299 a new namespace, an operator mask
17305 =item RECENT CHANGES
17307 =item Methods in class Safe
17309 permit (OP, ...), permit_only (OP, ...), deny (OP, ...), deny_only (OP,
17310 ...), trap (OP, ...), untrap (OP, ...), share (NAME, ...), share_from
17311 (PACKAGE, ARRAYREF), varglob (VARNAME), reval (STRING), rdo (FILENAME),
17312 root (NAMESPACE), mask (MASK)
17314 =item Some Safety Issues
17316 Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes
17324 =head2 Opcode::ops, ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when
17337 =head2 POSIX - Perl interface to IEEE Std 1003.1
17351 _exit, abort, abs, access, acos, alarm, asctime, asin, assert, atan, atan2,
17352 atexit, atof, atoi, atol, bsearch, calloc, ceil, chdir, chmod, chown,
17353 clearerr, clock, close, closedir, cos, cosh, creat, ctermid, ctime,
17354 cuserid, difftime, div, dup, dup2, errno, execl, execle, execlp, execv,
17355 execve, execvp, exit, exp, fabs, fclose, fcntl, fdopen, feof, ferror,
17356 fflush, fgetc, fgetpos, fgets, fileno, floor, fmod, fopen, fork, fpathconf,
17357 fprintf, fputc, fputs, fread, free, freopen, frexp, fscanf, fseek, fsetpos,
17358 fstat, fsync, ftell, fwrite, getc, getchar, getcwd, getegid, getenv,
17359 geteuid, getgid, getgrgid, getgrnam, getgroups, getlogin, getpgrp, getpid,
17360 getppid, getpwnam, getpwuid, gets, getuid, gmtime, isalnum, isalpha,
17361 isatty, iscntrl, isdigit, isgraph, islower, isprint, ispunct, isspace,
17362 isupper, isxdigit, kill, labs, ldexp, ldiv, link, localeconv, localtime,
17363 log, log10, longjmp, lseek, malloc, mblen, mbstowcs, mbtowc, memchr,
17364 memcmp, memcpy, memmove, memset, mkdir, mkfifo, mktime, modf, nice,
17365 offsetof, open, opendir, pathconf, pause, perror, pipe, pow, printf, putc,
17366 putchar, puts, qsort, raise, rand, read, readdir, realloc, remove, rename,
17367 rewind, rewinddir, rmdir, scanf, setgid, setjmp, setlocale, setpgid,
17368 setsid, setuid, sigaction, siglongjmp, sigpending, sigprocmask, sigsetjmp,
17369 sigsuspend, sin, sinh, sleep, sprintf, sqrt, srand, sscanf, stat, strcat,
17370 strchr, strcmp, strcoll, strcpy, strcspn, strerror, strftime, strlen,
17371 strncat, strncmp, strncpy, strpbrk, strrchr, strspn, strstr, strtod,
17372 strtok, strtol, strtoul, strxfrm, sysconf, system, tan, tanh, tcdrain,
17373 tcflow, tcflush, tcgetpgrp, tcsendbreak, tcsetpgrp, time, times, tmpfile,
17374 tmpnam, tolower, toupper, ttyname, tzname, tzset, umask, uname, ungetc,
17375 unlink, utime, vfprintf, vprintf, vsprintf, wait, waitpid, wcstombs,
17382 =item POSIX::SigAction
17384 new, handler, mask, flags, safe
17386 =item POSIX::SigSet
17388 new, addset, delset, emptyset, fillset, ismember
17390 =item POSIX::Termios
17392 new, getattr, getcc, getcflag, getiflag, getispeed, getlflag, getoflag,
17393 getospeed, setattr, setcc, setcflag, setiflag, setispeed, setlflag,
17394 setoflag, setospeed, Baud rate values, Terminal interface values, c_cc
17395 field values, c_cflag field values, c_iflag field values, c_lflag field
17396 values, c_oflag field values
17400 =item PATHNAME CONSTANTS
17404 =item POSIX CONSTANTS
17408 =item SYSTEM CONFIGURATION
17462 Constants, WNOHANG, WUNTRACED, Macros, WIFEXITED, WEXITSTATUS, WIFSIGNALED,
17463 WTERMSIG, WIFSTOPPED, WSTOPSIG
17467 =head2 PerlIO - On demand loader for PerlIO layers and root of PerlIO::*
17476 unix, stdio, perlio, crlf, utf8, bytes, raw, pop
17480 =item Custom Layers
17484 =item Alternatives to raw
17486 =item Defaults and how to override them
17488 =item Querying the layers of filehandle
17498 =head2 PerlIO::encoding - encoding layer
17510 =head2 PerlIO::scalar - in-memory IO, scalar IO
17518 =item IMPLEMENTATION NOTE
17522 =head2 PerlIO::via - Helper class for PerlIO layers implemented in perl
17530 =item EXPECTED METHODS
17532 $class->PUSHED([$mode[,$fh]]), $obj->POPPED([$fh]),
17533 $obj->UTF8($bellowFlag,[$fh]), $obj->OPEN($path,$mode[,$fh]),
17534 $obj->BINMODE([,$fh]), $obj->FDOPEN($fd[,$fh]),
17535 $obj->SYSOPEN($path,$imode,$perm,[,$fh]), $obj->FILENO($fh),
17536 $obj->READ($buffer,$len,$fh), $obj->WRITE($buffer,$fh), $obj->FILL($fh),
17537 $obj->CLOSE($fh), $obj->SEEK($posn,$whence,$fh), $obj->TELL($fh),
17538 $obj->UNREAD($buffer,$fh), $obj->FLUSH($fh), $obj->SETLINEBUF($fh),
17539 $obj->CLEARERR($fh), $obj->ERROR($fh), $obj->EOF($fh)
17545 =item Example - a Hexadecimal Handle
17551 =head2 PerlIO::via::QuotedPrint - PerlIO layer for quoted-printable strings
17561 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
17567 =head2 Pod::Checker, podchecker() - check pod documents for syntax errors
17573 =item OPTIONS/ARGUMENTS
17579 B<-warnings> =E<gt> I<val>
17591 empty =headn, =over on line I<N> without closing =back, =item without
17592 previous =over, =back without previous =over, No argument for =begin, =end
17593 without =begin, Nested =begin's, =for without formatter specification,
17594 unresolved internal link I<NAME>, Unknown command "I<CMD>", Unknown
17595 interior-sequence "I<SEQ>", nested commands
17596 I<CMD>E<lt>...I<CMD>E<lt>...E<gt>...E<gt>, garbled entity I<STRING>, Entity
17597 number out of range, malformed link LE<lt>E<gt>, nonempty ZE<lt>E<gt>,
17598 empty XE<lt>E<gt>, Spurious text after =pod / =cut, Spurious character(s)
17603 multiple occurrence of link target I<name>, line containing nothing but
17604 whitespace in paragraph, file does not start with =head, previous =item has
17605 no contents, preceding non-item paragraph(s), =item type mismatch (I<one>
17606 vs. I<two>), I<N> unescaped C<E<lt>E<gt>> in paragraph, Unknown entity, No
17607 items in =over, No argument for =item, empty section in previous paragraph,
17608 Verbatim paragraph in NAME section, =headI<n> without preceding higher
17613 ignoring leading/trailing whitespace in link, (section) in '$page'
17614 deprecated, alternative text/node '%s' contains non-escaped | or /
17626 C<Pod::Checker-E<gt>new( %options )>
17628 C<$checker-E<gt>poderror( @args )>, C<$checker-E<gt>poderror( {%opts},
17631 C<$checker-E<gt>num_errors()>
17633 C<$checker-E<gt>num_warnings()>
17635 C<$checker-E<gt>name()>
17637 C<$checker-E<gt>node()>
17639 C<$checker-E<gt>idx()>
17641 C<$checker-E<gt>hyperlink()>
17649 =head2 Pod::Find - find POD documents in directory trees
17661 =item C<pod_find( { %opts } , @directories )>
17663 C<-verbose =E<gt> 1>, C<-perl =E<gt> 1>, C<-script =E<gt> 1>, C<-inc =E<gt>
17670 =item C<simplify_name( $str )>
17676 =item C<pod_where( { %opts }, $pod )>
17678 C<-inc =E<gt> 1>, C<-dirs =E<gt> [ $dir1, $dir2, ... ]>, C<-verbose =E<gt>
17685 =item C<contains_pod( $file , $verbose )>
17697 =head2 Pod::Html - module to convert pod files to HTML
17707 backlink, cachedir, css, flush, header, help, htmldir, htmlroot, index,
17708 infile, libpods, netscape, outfile, podpath, podroot, quiet, recurse,
17723 =head2 Pod::InputObjects - objects representing POD input paragraphs,
17736 package B<Pod::InputSource>, package B<Pod::Paragraph>, package
17737 B<Pod::InteriorSequence>, package B<Pod::ParseTree>
17743 =item B<Pod::InputSource>
17767 =item B<was_cutting()>
17773 =item B<Pod::Paragraph>
17779 =item Pod::Paragraph-E<gt>B<new()>
17785 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<cmd_name()>
17791 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<text()>
17797 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<raw_text()>
17803 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<cmd_prefix()>
17809 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<cmd_separator()>
17815 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<parse_tree()>
17821 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<file_line()>
17827 =item B<Pod::InteriorSequence>
17833 =item Pod::InteriorSequence-E<gt>B<new()>
17839 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<cmd_name()>
17845 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<prepend()>
17851 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<append()>
17857 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<nested()>
17863 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<raw_text()>
17869 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<left_delimiter()>
17875 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<right_delimiter()>
17881 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<parse_tree()>
17887 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<file_line()>
17893 =item Pod::InteriorSequence::B<DESTROY()>
17899 =item B<Pod::ParseTree>
17905 =item Pod::ParseTree-E<gt>B<new()>
17911 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<top()>
17917 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<children()>
17923 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<prepend()>
17929 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<append()>
17935 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<raw_text()>
17941 =item Pod::ParseTree::B<DESTROY()>
17953 =head2 Pod::LaTeX - Convert Pod data to formatted Latex
17965 =item OBJECT METHODS
17973 =item Data Accessors
17989 B<ReplaceNAMEwithSection>
17991 B<StartWithNewPage>
18005 =item Subclassed methods
18019 B<interior_sequence>
18035 =item Methods for headings
18043 =item Internal methods
18049 B<_replace_special_chars>
18051 B<_replace_special_chars_late>
18057 B<_clean_latex_commands>
18059 B<_split_delimited>
18075 =head2 Pod::Man - Convert POD data to formatted *roff input
18083 center, date, fixed, fixedbold, fixeditalic, fixedbolditalic, name, quotes,
18088 roff font should be 1 or 2 chars, not "%s", Invalid link %s, Invalid quote
18089 specification "%s", %s:%d: Unknown command paragraph "%s", %s:%d: Unknown
18090 escape EE<lt>%sE<gt>, %s:%d: Unknown formatting code %s, %s:%d: Unmatched
18101 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
18105 =head2 Pod::ParseLink - Parse an LE<lt>E<gt> formatting code in POD text
18117 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
18121 =head2 Pod::ParseUtils - helpers for POD parsing and conversion
18135 Pod::List-E<gt>new()
18143 $list-E<gt>indent()
18151 $list-E<gt>parent()
18157 =item Pod::Hyperlink
18159 Pod::Hyperlink-E<gt>new()
18163 $link-E<gt>parse($string)
18165 $link-E<gt>markup($string)
18169 $link-E<gt>warning()
18171 $link-E<gt>file(), $link-E<gt>line()
18177 $link-E<gt>alttext()
18187 Pod::Cache-E<gt>new()
18193 $cache-E<gt>find_page($name)
18197 =item Pod::Cache::Item
18199 Pod::Cache::Item-E<gt>new()
18203 $cacheitem-E<gt>page()
18205 $cacheitem-E<gt>description()
18207 $cacheitem-E<gt>path()
18209 $cacheitem-E<gt>file()
18211 $cacheitem-E<gt>nodes()
18213 $cacheitem-E<gt>find_node($name)
18215 $cacheitem-E<gt>idx()
18225 =head2 Pod::Parser - base class for creating POD filters and translators
18237 =item QUICK OVERVIEW
18239 =item PARSING OPTIONS
18241 B<-want_nonPODs> (default: unset), B<-process_cut_cmd> (default: unset),
18242 B<-warnings> (default: unset)
18248 =item RECOMMENDED SUBROUTINE/METHOD OVERRIDES
18256 C<$cmd>, C<$text>, C<$line_num>, C<$pod_para>
18262 =item B<verbatim()>
18264 C<$text>, C<$line_num>, C<$pod_para>
18270 =item B<textblock()>
18272 C<$text>, C<$line_num>, C<$pod_para>
18278 =item B<interior_sequence()>
18284 =item OPTIONAL SUBROUTINE/METHOD OVERRIDES
18296 =item B<initialize()>
18302 =item B<begin_pod()>
18308 =item B<begin_input()>
18314 =item B<end_input()>
18326 =item B<preprocess_line()>
18332 =item B<preprocess_paragraph()>
18338 =item METHODS FOR PARSING AND PROCESSING
18344 =item B<parse_text()>
18346 B<-expand_seq> =E<gt> I<code-ref>|I<method-name>, B<-expand_text> =E<gt>
18347 I<code-ref>|I<method-name>, B<-expand_ptree> =E<gt>
18348 I<code-ref>|I<method-name>
18354 =item B<interpolate()>
18360 =item B<parse_paragraph()>
18366 =item B<parse_from_filehandle()>
18372 =item B<parse_from_file()>
18378 =item ACCESSOR METHODS
18384 =item B<errorsub()>
18396 =item B<parseopts()>
18402 =item B<output_file()>
18408 =item B<output_handle()>
18414 =item B<input_file()>
18420 =item B<input_handle()>
18426 =item B<input_streams()>
18432 =item B<top_stream()>
18438 =item PRIVATE METHODS AND DATA
18444 =item B<_push_input_stream()>
18450 =item B<_pop_input_stream()>
18456 =item TREE-BASED PARSING
18464 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToChecker - let Perldoc check Pod for errors
18474 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
18480 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToMan - let Perldoc render Pod as man pages
18492 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
18498 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToNroff - let Perldoc convert Pod to nroff
18510 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
18516 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToPod - let Perldoc render Pod as ... Pod!
18526 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
18532 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToRtf - let Perldoc render Pod as RTF
18542 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
18548 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToText - let Perldoc render Pod as plaintext
18560 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
18566 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToTk - let Perldoc use Tk::Pod to render Pod
18580 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToXml - let Perldoc render Pod as XML
18590 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
18596 =head2 Pod::PlainText - Convert POD data to formatted ASCII text
18604 alt, indent, loose, sentence, width
18608 Bizarre space in item, Can't open %s for reading: %s, Unknown escape: %s,
18609 Unknown sequence: %s, Unmatched =back
18621 =head2 Pod::Plainer - Perl extension for converting Pod to old style Pod.
18641 =head2 Pod::Select, podselect() - extract selected sections of POD from
18654 =item SECTION SPECIFICATIONS
18656 =item RANGE SPECIFICATIONS
18662 =item OBJECT METHODS
18668 =item B<curr_headings()>
18680 =item B<add_selection()>
18686 =item B<clear_selections()>
18692 =item B<match_section()>
18698 =item B<is_selected()>
18704 =item EXPORTED FUNCTIONS
18710 =item B<podselect()>
18712 B<-output>, B<-sections>, B<-ranges>
18718 =item PRIVATE METHODS AND DATA
18724 =item B<_compile_section_spec()>
18730 =item $self->{_SECTION_HEADINGS}
18736 =item $self->{_SELECTED_SECTIONS}
18748 =head2 Pod::Text - Convert POD data to formatted ASCII text
18756 alt, code, indent, loose, margin, quotes, sentence, width
18760 Bizarre space in item, Item called without tag, Can't open %s for reading:
18761 %s, Invalid quote specification "%s", %s:%d: Unknown command paragraph: %s,
18762 %s:%d: Unknown escape: %s, %s:%d: Unknown formatting code: %s, %s:%d:
18773 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
18777 =head2 Pod::Text::Color - Convert POD data to formatted color ASCII text
18791 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
18795 =head2 Pod::Text::Overstrike - Convert POD data to formatted overstrike
18810 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
18814 =head2 Pod::Text::Termcap - Convert POD data to ASCII text with format
18829 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
18833 =head2 Pod::Usage, pod2usage() - print a usage message from embedded pod
18842 C<-message>, C<-msg>, C<-exitval>, C<-verbose>, C<-output>, C<-input>,
18851 =item Recommended Use
18859 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
18863 =head2 SDBM_File - Tied access to sdbm files
18871 C<O_RDONLY>, C<O_WRONLY>, C<O_RDWR>
18877 =item C<sdbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...>
18881 =item BUGS AND WARNINGS
18885 =head2 Safe - Compile and execute code in restricted compartments
18893 a new namespace, an operator mask
18899 =item RECENT CHANGES
18901 =item Methods in class Safe
18903 permit (OP, ...), permit_only (OP, ...), deny (OP, ...), deny_only (OP,
18904 ...), trap (OP, ...), untrap (OP, ...), share (NAME, ...), share_from
18905 (PACKAGE, ARRAYREF), varglob (VARNAME), reval (STRING), rdo (FILENAME),
18906 root (NAMESPACE), mask (MASK)
18908 =item Some Safety Issues
18910 Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes
18918 =head2 Scalar::Util - A selection of general-utility scalar subroutines
18926 blessed EXPR, dualvar NUM, STRING, isvstring EXPR, isweak EXPR,
18927 looks_like_number EXPR, openhandle FH, refaddr EXPR, reftype EXPR,
18928 set_prototype CODEREF, PROTOTYPE, tainted EXPR, weaken REF
18938 =head2 Search::Dict, look - search for key in dictionary file
18948 =head2 SelectSaver - save and restore selected file handle
18958 =head2 SelfLoader - load functions only on demand
18968 =item The __DATA__ token
18970 =item SelfLoader autoloading
18972 =item Autoloading and package lexicals
18974 =item SelfLoader and AutoLoader
18976 =item __DATA__, __END__, and the FOOBAR::DATA filehandle.
18978 =item Classes and inherited methods.
18982 =item Multiple packages and fully qualified subroutine names
18986 =head2 Shell - run shell commands transparently within perl
18996 =item OBJECT ORIENTED SYNTAX
19004 =head2 Socket, sockaddr_in, sockaddr_un, inet_aton, inet_ntoa - load the C
19005 socket.h defines and structure manipulators
19013 inet_aton HOSTNAME, inet_ntoa IP_ADDRESS, INADDR_ANY, INADDR_BROADCAST,
19014 INADDR_LOOPBACK, INADDR_NONE, sockaddr_family SOCKADDR, sockaddr_in PORT,
19015 ADDRESS, sockaddr_in SOCKADDR_IN, pack_sockaddr_in PORT, IP_ADDRESS,
19016 unpack_sockaddr_in SOCKADDR_IN, sockaddr_un PATHNAME, sockaddr_un
19017 SOCKADDR_UN, pack_sockaddr_un PATH, unpack_sockaddr_un SOCKADDR_UN
19021 =head2 Storable - persistence for Perl data structures
19031 =item ADVISORY LOCKING
19035 =item CANONICAL REPRESENTATION
19037 =item CODE REFERENCES
19039 =item FORWARD COMPATIBILITY
19041 utf8 data, restricted hashes, files from future versions of Storable
19043 =item ERROR REPORTING
19051 C<STORABLE_freeze> I<obj>, I<cloning>, C<STORABLE_thaw> I<obj>, I<cloning>,
19056 C<Storable::last_op_in_netorder>, C<Storable::is_storing>,
19057 C<Storable::is_retrieving>
19065 =item Storable magic
19075 =item 64 bit data in perl 5.6.0 and 5.6.1
19087 =head2 Switch - A switch statement for Perl
19101 =item Allowing fall-through
19103 =item Automating fall-through
19105 =item Alternative syntax
19107 =item Higher-order Operations
19123 =head2 Symbol - manipulate Perl symbols and their names
19135 =head2 Sys::Hostname - Try every conceivable way to get hostname
19147 =head2 Syslog, Sys::Syslog, openlog, closelog, setlogmask, syslog - Perl
19148 interface to the UNIX syslog(3) calls
19156 openlog $ident, $logopt, $facility, syslog $priority, $format, @args,
19157 setlogmask $mask_priority, setlogsock $sock_type [$stream_location] (added
19158 in 5.004_02), closelog
19168 =head2 Syslog::Syslog, Sys::Syslog, openlog, closelog, setlogmask, syslog -
19169 Perl interface to the UNIX syslog(3) calls
19177 openlog $ident, $logopt, $facility, syslog $priority, $format, @args,
19178 setlogmask $mask_priority, setlogsock $sock_type [$stream_location] (added
19179 in 5.004_02), closelog
19189 =head2 Term::ANSIColor - Color screen output using ANSI escape sequences
19199 Bad escape sequence %s, Bareword "%s" not allowed while "strict subs" in
19200 use, Invalid attribute name %s, Name "%s" used only once: possible typo, No
19201 comma allowed after filehandle, No name for escape sequence %s
19205 ANSI_COLORS_DISABLED
19215 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
19219 =head2 Term::Cap - Perl termcap interface
19235 B<Tgetent>, OSPEED, TERM
19237 B<Tpad>, B<$string>, B<$cnt>, B<$FH>
19239 B<Tputs>, B<$cap>, B<$cnt>, B<$FH>
19241 B<Tgoto>, B<$cap>, B<$col>, B<$row>, B<$FH>
19249 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
19257 =head2 Term::Complete - Perl word completion module
19265 E<lt>tabE<gt>, ^D, ^U, E<lt>delE<gt>, E<lt>bsE<gt>
19275 =head2 Term::ReadLine - Perl interface to various C<readline> packages.
19276 If no real package is found, substitutes stubs instead of basic functions.
19284 =item Minimal set of supported functions
19286 C<ReadLine>, C<new>, C<readline>, C<addhistory>, C<IN>, C<OUT>, C<MinLine>,
19287 C<findConsole>, Attribs, C<Features>
19289 =item Additional supported functions
19291 C<tkRunning>, C<ornaments>, C<newTTY>
19301 =head2 Test - provides a simple framework for writing test scripts
19309 =item QUICK START GUIDE
19315 C<plan(...)>, C<tests =E<gt> I<number>>, C<todo =E<gt> [I<1,5,14>]>,
19316 C<onfail =E<gt> sub { ... }>, C<onfail =E<gt> \&some_sub>
19326 C<skip(I<skip_if_true>, I<args...>)>
19332 NORMAL TESTS, SKIPPED TESTS, TODO TESTS
19336 =item BUGS and CAVEATS
19346 =head2 Test::Builder - Backend for building test libraries
19366 =item Setting up tests
19384 =item Running tests
19390 B<is_eq>, B<is_num>
19392 B<isnt_eq>, B<isnt_num>
19418 B<no_header>, B<no_ending>
19430 B<output>, B<failure_output>, B<todo_output>
19434 =item Test Status and Info
19468 =head2 Test::Harness - run perl standard test scripts with statistics
19478 =item The test script output
19480 B<'1..M'>, B<'ok', 'not ok'. Ok?>, B<test numbers>, B<test names>,
19481 B<Skipping tests>, B<Todo tests>, B<Bail out!>, B<Comments>, B<Anything
19486 =item Configuration variables.
19488 B<$Test::Harness::verbose>, B<$Test::Harness::switches>
19492 B<Failed Test>, B<Stat>, B<Wstat>, B<Total>, B<Fail>, B<Failed>, B<List of
19519 C<All tests successful.\nFiles=%d, Tests=%d, %s>, C<FAILED tests
19520 %s\n\tFailed %d/%d tests, %.2f%% okay.>, C<Test returned status %d (wstat
19521 %d)>, C<Failed 1 test, %.2f%% okay. %s>, C<Failed %d/%d tests, %.2f%% okay.
19522 %s>, C<FAILED--Further testing stopped: %s>
19526 C<HARNESS_ACTIVE>, C<HARNESS_COLUMNS>, C<HARNESS_COMPILE_TEST>,
19527 C<HARNESS_FILELEAK_IN_DIR>, C<HARNESS_IGNORE_EXITCODE>, C<HARNESS_NOTTY>,
19528 C<HARNESS_OK_SLOW>, C<HARNESS_PERL_SWITCHES>, C<HARNESS_VERBOSE>
19544 =head2 Test::Harness::Assert - simple assert
19570 =head2 Test::Harness::Iterator - Internal Test::Harness Iterator
19580 =head2 Test::Harness::Straps - detailed analysis of test results
19618 =item C<analyze_fh>
19624 =item C<analyze_file>
19636 =item C<_INC2PERL5LIB>
19642 =item C<_filtered_INC>
19648 =item C<_restore_PERL5LIB>
19658 =item C<_is_comment>
19666 =item C<_is_header>
19678 =item C<_is_bail_out>
19684 =item C<_reset_file_state>
19694 =item C<_detailize>
19710 =head2 Test::More - yet another framework for writing test scripts
19720 =item I love it when a plan comes together
19730 =item I'm ok, you're not ok.
19770 =item Conditional tests
19776 B<TODO: BLOCK>, B<todo_skip>
19778 When do I use SKIP vs. TODO?
19782 =item Comparison functions
19796 =item Extending and Embedding Test::More
19806 =item BUGS and CAVEATS
19808 Making your own ok(), The eq_* family has some caveats, Test::Harness
19821 =head2 Test::Simple - Basic utilities for writing tests.
19845 L<Test::More>, L<Test>, L<Test::Unit>, L<Test::Inline>, L<SelfTest>,
19854 =head2 Test::Tutorial - A tutorial about writing really basic tests
19862 =item Nuts and bolts of testing.
19864 =item Where to start?
19868 =item Test the manual
19870 =item Sometimes the tests are wrong
19872 =item Testing lots of values
19874 =item Informative names
19876 =item Skipping tests
19880 =item Testing with taint mode.
19892 =head2 Text::Abbrev, abbrev - create an abbreviation table from a list
19904 =head2 Text::Balanced - Extract delimited text sequences from strings.
19914 =item General behaviour in list contexts
19918 =item General behaviour in scalar and void contexts
19920 =item A note about prefixes
19922 =item C<extract_delimited>
19924 =item C<extract_bracketed>
19926 =item C<extract_variable>
19930 =item C<extract_tagged>
19932 C<reject =E<gt> $listref>, C<ignore =E<gt> $listref>, C<fail =E<gt> $str>,
19933 [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5]
19935 =item C<gen_extract_tagged>
19937 =item C<extract_quotelike>
19939 [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [10]
19941 =item C<extract_quotelike> and "here documents"
19943 [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7..10]
19945 =item C<extract_codeblock>
19947 =item C<extract_multiple>
19949 =item C<gen_delimited_pat>
19955 C<Did not find a suitable bracket: "%s">, C<Did not find prefix: /%s/>,
19956 C<Did not find opening bracket after prefix: "%s">, C<No quotelike
19957 operator found after prefix: "%s">, C<Unmatched closing bracket: "%c">,
19958 C<Unmatched opening bracket(s): "%s">, C<Unmatched embedded quote (%s)>,
19959 C<Did not find closing delimiter to match '%s'>, C<Mismatched closing
19960 bracket: expected "%c" but found "%s">, C<No block delimiter found after
19961 quotelike "%s">, C<Did not find leading dereferencer>, C<Bad identifier
19962 after dereferencer>, C<Did not find expected opening bracket at %s>,
19963 C<Improperly nested codeblock at %s>, C<Missing second block for quotelike
19964 "%s">, C<No match found for opening bracket>, C<Did not find opening tag:
19965 /%s/>, C<Unable to construct closing tag to match: /%s/>, C<Found invalid
19966 nested tag: %s>, C<Found unbalanced nested tag: %s>, C<Did not find closing
19971 =item BUGS AND IRRITATIONS
19977 =head2 Text::ParseWords - parse text into an array of tokens or array of
19992 =head2 Text::Soundex - Implementation of the Soundex Algorithm as Described
20009 =head2 Text::Tabs -- expand and unexpand tabs per the unix expand(1) and
20024 =head2 Text::Wrap - line wrapping to form simple paragraphs
20040 =head2 Thread - manipulate threads in Perl (for old code only)
20052 $thread = Thread->new(\&start_sub), $thread = Thread->new(\&start_sub,
20053 LIST), lock VARIABLE, async BLOCK;, Thread->self, cond_wait VARIABLE,
20054 cond_signal VARIABLE, cond_broadcast VARIABLE, yield
20058 join, eval, detach, equal, tid, flags, done
20066 =head2 Thread::Queue - thread-safe queues
20074 =item FUNCTIONS AND METHODS
20076 new, enqueue LIST, dequeue, dequeue_nb, pending
20082 =head2 Thread::Semaphore - thread-safe semaphores
20090 =item FUNCTIONS AND METHODS
20092 new, new NUMBER, down, down NUMBER, up, up NUMBER
20096 =head2 Thread::Signal - Start a thread which runs signal handlers reliably
20111 =head2 Thread::Specific - thread-specific keys
20121 =head2 Tie::Array - base class for tied arrays
20129 TIEARRAY classname, LIST, STORE this, index, value, FETCH this, index,
20130 FETCHSIZE this, STORESIZE this, count, EXTEND this, count, EXISTS this,
20131 key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, DESTROY this, PUSH this, LIST, POP this,
20132 SHIFT this, UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST
20140 =head2 Tie::File - Access the lines of a disk file via a Perl array
20160 =item Option Format
20164 =item Public Methods
20172 =item C<defer>, C<flush>, C<discard>, and C<autodefer>
20178 =item Tying to an already-opened filehandle
20180 =item Deferred Writing
20184 =item Autodeferring
20188 =item CONCURRENT ACCESS TO FILES
20194 =item WHAT ABOUT C<DB_File>?
20208 =head2 Tie::Handle, Tie::StdHandle - base class definitions for tied
20217 TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, WRITE this, scalar, length, offset, PRINT this,
20218 LIST, PRINTF this, format, LIST, READ this, scalar, length, offset,
20219 READLINE this, GETC this, CLOSE this, OPEN this, filename, BINMODE this,
20220 EOF this, TELL this, SEEK this, offset, whence, DESTROY this
20222 =item MORE INFORMATION
20224 =item COMPATIBILITY
20228 =head2 Tie::Hash, Tie::StdHash, Tie::ExtraHash - base class definitions for
20237 TIEHASH classname, LIST, STORE this, key, value, FETCH this, key, FIRSTKEY
20238 this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, EXISTS this, key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this
20240 =item Inheriting from B<Tie::StdHash>
20242 =item Inheriting from B<Tie::ExtraHash>
20244 =item C<UNTIE> and C<DESTROY>
20246 =item MORE INFORMATION
20250 =head2 Tie::Memoize - add data to hash when needed
20258 =item Inheriting from B<Tie::Memoize>
20268 =head2 Tie::RefHash - use references as hash keys
20286 =head2 Tie::Scalar, Tie::StdScalar - base class definitions for tied
20295 TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, DESTROY this
20297 =item MORE INFORMATION
20301 =head2 Tie::SubstrHash - Fixed-table-size, fixed-key-length hashing
20313 =head2 Time::HiRes - High resolution alarm, sleep, gettimeofday, interval
20322 gettimeofday (), usleep ( $useconds ), ualarm ( $useconds [,
20323 $interval_useconds ] ), tv_interval, time (), sleep ( $floating_seconds ),
20324 alarm ( $floating_seconds [, $interval_floating_seconds ] ), setitimer (
20325 $which, $floating_seconds [, $interval_floating_seconds ] ), getitimer (
20336 =item negative time not invented yet
20338 =item internal error: useconds < 0 (unsigned ... signed ...)
20346 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
20350 =head2 Time::Local - efficiently compute time from local and GMT time
20358 =item IMPLEMENTATION
20368 =head2 Time::gmtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gmtime()
20383 =head2 Time::localtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in localtime()
20398 =head2 Time::tm - internal object used by Time::gmtime and Time::localtime
20410 =head2 UNIVERSAL - base class for ALL classes (blessed references)
20418 C<< $obj->isa( TYPE ) >>, C<< CLASS->isa( TYPE ) >>, C<isa( VAL, TYPE )>,
20419 C<TYPE>, C<$obj>, C<CLASS>, C<VAL>, C<< $obj->can( METHOD ) >>, C<<
20420 CLASS->can( METHOD ) >>, C<can( VAL, METHOD )>, C<VERSION ( [ REQUIRE ] )>
20426 =head2 Unicode::Collate - Unicode Collation Algorithm
20436 =item Constructor and Tailoring
20438 UCA_Version, alternate, backwards, entry, ignoreName, ignoreChar, level,
20439 normalization, overrideCJK, overrideHangul, preprocess, rearrange, table,
20440 undefName, undefChar, katakana_before_hiragana, upper_before_lower
20442 =item Methods for Collation
20444 C<@sorted = $Collator-E<gt>sort(@not_sorted)>, C<$result =
20445 $Collator-E<gt>cmp($a, $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>eq($a, $b)>,
20446 C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>ne($a, $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>lt($a,
20447 $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>le($a, $b)>, C<$result =
20448 $Collator-E<gt>gt($a, $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>ge($a, $b)>,
20449 C<$sortKey = $Collator-E<gt>getSortKey($string)>, C<$sortKeyForm =
20450 $Collator-E<gt>viewSortKey($string)>
20452 =item Methods for Searching
20454 C<$position = $Collator-E<gt>index($string, $substring[, $position])>,
20455 C<($position, $length) = $Collator-E<gt>index($string, $substring[,
20456 $position])>, C<$match_ref = $Collator-E<gt>match($string, $substring)>,
20457 C<($match) = $Collator-E<gt>match($string, $substring)>, C<@match =
20458 $Collator-E<gt>gmatch($string, $substring)>, C<$count =
20459 $Collator-E<gt>subst($string, $substring, $replacement)>, C<$count =
20460 $Collator-E<gt>gsubst($string, $substring, $replacement)>
20462 =item Other Methods
20464 C<%old_tailoring = $Collator-E<gt>change(%new_tailoring)>, UCA_Version,
20465 Base_Unicode_Version
20471 =item Conformance Test
20479 http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr10/,
20480 http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr10/allkeys.txt,
20481 http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr10/CollationTest.html
20482 http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr10/CollationTest.zip,
20483 http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr15/, L<Unicode::Normalize>
20487 =head2 Unicode::Normalize - Unicode Normalization Forms
20497 =item Normalization Forms
20499 C<$NFD_string = NFD($string)>, C<$NFC_string = NFC($string)>,
20500 C<$NFKD_string = NFKD($string)>, C<$NFKC_string = NFKC($string)>,
20501 C<$normalized_string = normalize($form_name, $string)>
20503 =item Decomposition and Composition
20505 C<$decomposed_string = decompose($string)>, C<$decomposed_string =
20506 decompose($string, $useCompatMapping)>, C<$reordered_string =
20507 reorder($string)>, C<$composed_string = compose($string)>
20511 C<$result = checkNFD($string)>, C<$result = checkNFC($string)>, C<$result =
20512 checkNFKD($string)>, C<$result = checkNFKC($string)>, C<$result =
20513 check($form_name, $string)>
20515 =item Character Data
20517 C<$canonical_decomposed = getCanon($codepoint)>,
20518 C<$compatibility_decomposed = getCompat($codepoint)>,
20519 C<$codepoint_composite = getComposite($codepoint_here, $codepoint_next)>,
20520 C<$combining_class = getCombinClass($codepoint)>, C<$is_exclusion =
20521 isExclusion($codepoint)>, C<$is_singleton = isSingleton($codepoint)>,
20522 C<$is_non_starter_decomposition = isNonStDecomp($codepoint)>,
20523 C<$may_be_composed_with_prev_char = isComp2nd($codepoint)>
20533 http://www.unicode.org/unicode/reports/tr15/,
20534 http://www.unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/DerivedNormalizationProps.txt
20538 =head2 Unicode::UCD - Unicode character database
20580 =item Blocks versus Scripts
20582 =item Matching Scripts and Blocks
20584 =item Code Point Arguments
20610 =item Unicode::UCD::UnicodeVersion
20616 =item Implementation Note
20628 =head2 User::grent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getgr*()
20643 =head2 User::pwent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getpw*()
20654 =item System Specifics
20668 =head2 Win32 - Interfaces to some Win32 API Functions
20676 =item Alphabetical Listing of Win32 Functions
20678 Win32::AbortSystemShutdown(MACHINE), Win32::BuildNumber(),
20679 Win32::CopyFile(FROM, TO, OVERWRITE), Win32::DomainName(),
20680 Win32::ExpandEnvironmentStrings(STRING), Win32::FormatMessage(ERRORCODE),
20681 Win32::FsType(), Win32::FreeLibrary(HANDLE), Win32::GetArchName(),
20682 Win32::GetChipName(), Win32::GetCwd(), Win32::GetFolderPath(FOLDER [,
20683 CREATE]), Win32::GetFullPathName(FILENAME), Win32::GetLastError(),
20684 Win32::GetLongPathName(PATHNAME), Win32::GetNextAvailDrive(),
20685 Win32::GetOSVersion(), Win32::GetOSName(),
20686 Win32::GetShortPathName(PATHNAME), Win32::GetProcAddress(INSTANCE,
20687 PROCNAME), Win32::GetTickCount(), Win32::InitiateSystemShutdown,
20688 Win32::IsWinNT(), Win32::IsWin95(), Win32::LoadLibrary(LIBNAME),
20689 Win32::LoginName(), Win32::LookupAccountName(SYSTEM, ACCOUNT, DOMAIN, SID,
20690 SIDTYPE), Win32::LookupAccountSID(SYSTEM, SID, ACCOUNT, DOMAIN, SIDTYPE),
20691 Win32::MsgBox(MESSAGE [, FLAGS [, TITLE]]), Win32::NodeName(),
20692 Win32::RegisterServer(LIBRARYNAME), Win32::SetChildShowWindow(SHOWWINDOW),
20693 Win32::SetCwd(NEWDIRECTORY), Win32::SetLastError(ERROR),
20694 Win32::Sleep(TIME), Win32::Spawn(COMMAND, ARGS, PID),
20695 Win32::UnregisterServer(LIBRARYNAME)
20701 =head2 XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code
20711 =item Migration from C<DynaLoader>
20713 =item Backward compatible boilerplate
20717 =item Order of initialization: early load()
20721 =item The most hairy case
20731 =head1 AUXILIARY DOCUMENTATION
20733 Here should be listed all the extra programs' documentation, but they
20734 don't all have manual pages yet:
20768 Larry Wall <F<larry@wall.org>>, with the help of oodles
projects / p5sagit/p5-mst-13.2.git / blob