2 Generated by perlmodlib.PL -- DO NOT EDIT!
6 perlmodlib - constructing new Perl modules and finding existing ones
8 =head1 THE PERL MODULE LIBRARY
10 Many modules are included in the Perl distribution. These are described
11 below, and all end in F<.pm>. You may discover compiled library
12 files (usually ending in F<.so>) or small pieces of modules to be
13 autoloaded (ending in F<.al>); these were automatically generated
14 by the installation process. You may also discover files in the
15 library directory that end in either F<.pl> or F<.ph>. These are
16 old libraries supplied so that old programs that use them still
17 run. The F<.pl> files will all eventually be converted into standard
18 modules, and the F<.ph> files made by B<h2ph> will probably end up
19 as extension modules made by B<h2xs>. (Some F<.ph> values may
20 already be available through the POSIX, Errno, or Fcntl modules.)
21 The B<pl2pm> file in the distribution may help in your conversion,
22 but it's just a mechanical process and therefore far from bulletproof.
24 =head2 Pragmatic Modules
26 They work somewhat like compiler directives (pragmata) in that they
27 tend to affect the compilation of your program, and thus will usually
28 work well only when used within a C<use>, or C<no>. Most of these
29 are lexically scoped, so an inner BLOCK may countermand them
36 which lasts until the end of that BLOCK.
38 Some pragmas are lexically scoped--typically those that affect the
39 C<$^H> hints variable. Others affect the current package instead,
40 like C<use vars> and C<use subs>, which allow you to predeclare a
41 variables or subroutines within a particular I<file> rather than
42 just a block. Such declarations are effective for the entire file
43 for which they were declared. You cannot rescind them with C<no
46 The following pragmas are defined (and have their own documentation).
52 Get/set subroutine or variable attributes
56 Set/get attributes of a subroutine (deprecated)
60 Postpone load of modules until a function is used
64 Establish an ISA relationship with base classes at compile time
68 Transparent BigInteger support for Perl
72 Transparent BigNumber support for Perl
76 Transparent BigNumber/BigRational support for Perl
80 Use MakeMaker's uninstalled version of a package
84 Force byte semantics rather than character semantics
88 Define character names for C<\N{named}> string literal escapes
96 Produce verbose warning diagnostics
100 Allows you to write your script in non-ascii or non-utf8
102 =item encoding::warnings
104 Warn on implicit encoding conversions
108 Enable new syntactic features
112 Compile-time class fields
116 Control the filetest permission operators
120 C<use> a Perl module if a condition holds
124 Use integer arithmetic instead of floating point
128 Request less of something
132 Manipulate @INC at compile time
136 Use and avoid POSIX locales for built-in operations
140 Method Resolution Order
144 Set default PerlIO layers for input and output
148 Restrict unsafe operations when compiling
152 Package for overloading Perl operations
156 Alter regular expression behaviour
160 Enable simple signal handling
164 Control sort() behaviour
168 Restrict unsafe constructs
176 Perl interpreter-based threads
178 =item threads::shared
180 Perl extension for sharing data structures between threads
184 Enable/disable UTF-8 (or UTF-EBCDIC) in source code
188 Predeclare global variable names (obsolete)
192 Perl extension for Version Objects
196 Control VMS-specific language features
200 Control optional warnings
202 =item warnings::register
204 Warnings import function
208 =head2 Standard Modules
210 Standard, bundled modules are all expected to behave in a well-defined
211 manner with respect to namespace pollution because they use the
212 Exporter module. See their own documentation for details.
214 It's possible that not all modules listed below are installed on your
215 system. For example, the GDBM_File module will not be installed if you
216 don't have the gdbm library.
222 Provide framework for multiple DBMs
224 =item Archive::Extract
226 A generic archive extracting mechanism
230 Module for manipulations of tar archives
232 =item Archive::Tar::File
234 A subclass for in-memory extracted file from Archive::Tar
236 =item Attribute::Handlers
238 Simpler definition of attribute handlers
242 Load subroutines only on demand
246 Split a package for autoloading
254 Walk Perl syntax tree, printing concise info about ops
258 Walk Perl syntax tree, printing debug info about ops
262 Perl compiler backend to produce perl code
270 Show lexical variables used in functions or files
274 Walk Perl syntax tree, printing terse info about ops
278 Generates cross reference reports for Perl programs
282 Benchmark running times of Perl code
286 Simple Common Gateway Interface Class
290 Backward compatibility module for CGI.pm
294 CGI routines for writing to the HTTPD (or other) error log
298 Interface to Netscape Cookies
302 CGI Interface for Fast CGI
306 Module to produce nicely formatted HTML code
310 Simple Interface to Server Push
314 Backward compatibility module for defunct CGI::Switch
318 Internal utilities used by CGI module
322 Query, download and build perl modules from CPAN sites
324 =item CPAN::FirstTime
326 Utility for CPAN::Config file Initialization
330 Interface between CPAN.pm and Kwalify.pm
334 Wrapper around CPAN.pm without using any XS module
338 Utility functions to compare CPAN versions
342 API & CLI access to the CPAN mirrors
344 =item CPANPLUS::Dist::Base
346 Base class for custom distribution classes
348 =item CPANPLUS::Dist::Sample
350 Sample code to create your own Dist::* plugin
352 =item CPANPLUS::Shell::Classic
354 CPAN.pm emulation for CPANPLUS
356 =item CPANPLUS::Shell::Default::Plugins::HOWTO
358 Documentation on how to write your own plugins
362 Warn of errors (from perspective of caller)
366 Heavy machinery, no user serviceable parts inside
370 Report the search path for a class's ISA tree
374 Declare struct-like datatypes as Perl classes
376 =item Compress::Raw::Zlib
378 Low-Level Interface to zlib compression library
382 Interface to zlib compression library
386 Access Perl configuration information
390 Get pathname of current working directory
394 Programmatic interface to the Perl debugging API (draft, subject to
398 Filter DBM keys/values
400 =item DBM_Filter::compress
402 Filter for DBM_Filter
404 =item DBM_Filter::encode
406 Filter for DBM_Filter
408 =item DBM_Filter::int32
410 Filter for DBM_Filter
412 =item DBM_Filter::null
414 Filter for DBM_Filter
416 =item DBM_Filter::utf8
418 Filter for DBM_Filter
422 Perl5 access to Berkeley DB version 1.x
426 Stringified perl data structures, suitable for both printing and C<eval>
432 =item Devel::InnerPackage
434 Find all the inner packages of a package
438 A data debugging tool for the XS programmer
440 =item Devel::SelfStubber
442 Generate stubs for a SelfLoading module
446 Modules that calculate message digests
450 Perl interface to the MD5 Algorithm
454 Perl extension for SHA-1/224/256/384/512
462 Calculate digests of files
466 Supply object methods for directory handles
470 Provides screen dump of Perl data.
474 Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code
482 Alias definitions to encodings
486 Single Byte Encodings
488 =item Encode::CJKConstants
490 Internally used by Encode::??::ISO_2022_*
494 China-based Chinese Encodings
498 Internally used by Encode::CN
502 Internally used by Encode
508 =item Encode::Encoder
510 Object Oriented Encoder
512 =item Encode::Encoding
514 Encode Implementation Base Class
516 =item Encode::GSM0338
518 ESTI GSM 03.38 Encoding
522 Guesses encoding from data
528 =item Encode::JP::H2Z
530 Internally used by Encode::JP::2022_JP*
532 =item Encode::JP::JIS7
534 Internally used by Encode::JP
540 =item Encode::KR::2022_KR
542 Internally used by Encode::KR
544 =item Encode::MIME::Header
546 MIME 'B' and 'Q' header encoding
548 =item Encode::MIME::Name
550 Internally used by Encode
554 A detailed document on Encode and PerlIO
556 =item Encode::Supported
558 Encodings supported by Encode
566 Taiwan-based Chinese Encodings
568 =item Encode::Unicode
570 Various Unicode Transformation Formats
572 =item Encode::Unicode::UTF7
578 Use nice English (or awk) names for ugly punctuation variables
582 Perl module that imports environment variables as scalars or arrays
586 System errno constants
590 Implements default import method for modules
592 =item Exporter::Heavy
596 =item ExtUtils::CBuilder
598 Compile and link C code for Perl modules
600 =item ExtUtils::CBuilder::Platform::Windows
602 Builder class for Windows platforms
604 =item ExtUtils::Command
606 Utilities to replace common UNIX commands in Makefiles etc.
608 =item ExtUtils::Command::MM
610 Commands for the MM's to use in Makefiles
612 =item ExtUtils::Constant
614 Generate XS code to import C header constants
616 =item ExtUtils::Constant::Base
618 Base class for ExtUtils::Constant objects
620 =item ExtUtils::Constant::Utils
622 Helper functions for ExtUtils::Constant
624 =item ExtUtils::Constant::XS
626 Base class for ExtUtils::Constant objects
628 =item ExtUtils::Embed
630 Utilities for embedding Perl in C/C++ applications
632 =item ExtUtils::Install
634 Install files from here to there
636 =item ExtUtils::Installed
638 Inventory management of installed modules
640 =item ExtUtils::Liblist
642 Determine libraries to use and how to use them
646 OS adjusted ExtUtils::MakeMaker subclass
648 =item ExtUtils::MM_AIX
650 AIX specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix
652 =item ExtUtils::MM_Any
654 Platform-agnostic MM methods
656 =item ExtUtils::MM_BeOS
658 Methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtUtils::MakeMaker
660 =item ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin
662 Methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtUtils::MakeMaker
664 =item ExtUtils::MM_DOS
666 DOS specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix
668 =item ExtUtils::MM_MacOS
670 Once produced Makefiles for MacOS Classic
672 =item ExtUtils::MM_NW5
674 Methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtUtils::MakeMaker
676 =item ExtUtils::MM_OS2
678 Methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtUtils::MakeMaker
680 =item ExtUtils::MM_QNX
682 QNX specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix
684 =item ExtUtils::MM_UWIN
686 U/WIN specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix
688 =item ExtUtils::MM_Unix
690 Methods used by ExtUtils::MakeMaker
692 =item ExtUtils::MM_VMS
694 Methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtUtils::MakeMaker
696 =item ExtUtils::MM_VOS
698 VOS specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix
700 =item ExtUtils::MM_Win32
702 Methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtUtils::MakeMaker
704 =item ExtUtils::MM_Win95
706 Method to customize MakeMaker for Win9X
710 ExtUtils::MakeMaker subclass for customization
712 =item ExtUtils::MakeMaker
714 Create a module Makefile
716 =item ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Config
718 Wrapper around Config.pm
720 =item ExtUtils::MakeMaker::FAQ
722 Frequently Asked Questions About MakeMaker
724 =item ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Tutorial
726 Writing a module with MakeMaker
728 =item ExtUtils::MakeMaker::bytes
730 Version-agnostic bytes.pm
732 =item ExtUtils::MakeMaker::vmsish
734 Platform-agnostic vmsish.pm
736 =item ExtUtils::Manifest
738 Utilities to write and check a MANIFEST file
740 =item ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap
742 Make a bootstrap file for use by DynaLoader
744 =item ExtUtils::Mksymlists
746 Write linker options files for dynamic extension
748 =item ExtUtils::Packlist
750 Manage .packlist files
752 =item ExtUtils::ParseXS
754 Converts Perl XS code into C code
756 =item ExtUtils::testlib
758 Add blib/* directories to @INC
762 Replace functions with equivalents which succeed or die
766 Load the C Fcntl.h defines
770 Parse file paths into directory, filename and suffix.
772 =item File::CheckTree
774 Run many filetest checks on a tree
778 Compare files or filehandles
782 Copy files or filehandles
786 DOS like globbing and then some
790 A generic file fetching mechanism
794 Traverse a directory tree.
798 Perl extension for BSD glob routine
800 =item File::GlobMapper
802 Extend File Glob to Allow Input and Output Files
806 Create or remove directory trees
810 Portably perform operations on file names
812 =item File::Spec::Cygwin
814 Methods for Cygwin file specs
816 =item File::Spec::Epoc
818 Methods for Epoc file specs
820 =item File::Spec::Functions
822 Portably perform operations on file names
824 =item File::Spec::Mac
826 File::Spec for Mac OS (Classic)
828 =item File::Spec::OS2
830 Methods for OS/2 file specs
832 =item File::Spec::Unix
834 File::Spec for Unix, base for other File::Spec modules
836 =item File::Spec::VMS
838 Methods for VMS file specs
840 =item File::Spec::Win32
842 Methods for Win32 file specs
846 Return name and handle of a temporary file safely
850 By-name interface to Perl's built-in stat() functions
854 Keep more files open than the system permits
858 Supply object methods for filehandles
862 Simplified source filtering
864 =item Filter::Util::Call
866 Perl Source Filter Utility Module
870 Locate directory of original perl script
874 Perl5 access to the gdbm library.
878 Extended processing of command line options
882 Process single-character switches with switch clustering
886 A selection of general-utility hash subroutines
888 =item Hash::Util::FieldHash
890 Support for Inside-Out Classes
894 Compare 8-bit scalar data according to the current locale
898 Functions for dealing with RFC3066-style language tags
900 =item I18N::LangTags::Detect
902 Detect the user's language preferences
904 =item I18N::LangTags::List
906 Tags and names for human languages
910 Query locale information
914 Load various IO modules
916 =item IO::Compress::Base
918 Base Class for IO::Compress modules
920 =item IO::Compress::Deflate
922 Write RFC 1950 files/buffers
924 =item IO::Compress::Gzip
926 Write RFC 1952 files/buffers
928 =item IO::Compress::RawDeflate
930 Write RFC 1951 files/buffers
932 =item IO::Compress::Zip
934 Write zip files/buffers
938 Supply object methods for directory handles
942 Supply object methods for filehandles
946 Supply object methods for I/O handles
950 Supply object methods for pipes
954 Object interface to system poll call
958 Supply seek based methods for I/O objects
962 OO interface to the select system call
966 Object interface to socket communications
968 =item IO::Socket::INET
970 Object interface for AF_INET domain sockets
972 =item IO::Socket::UNIX
974 Object interface for AF_UNIX domain sockets
976 =item IO::Uncompress::AnyInflate
978 Uncompress zlib-based (zip, gzip) file/buffer
980 =item IO::Uncompress::AnyUncompress
982 Uncompress gzip, zip, bzip2 or lzop file/buffer
984 =item IO::Uncompress::Base
986 Base Class for IO::Uncompress modules
988 =item IO::Uncompress::Gunzip
990 Read RFC 1952 files/buffers
992 =item IO::Uncompress::Inflate
994 Read RFC 1950 files/buffers
996 =item IO::Uncompress::RawInflate
998 Read RFC 1951 files/buffers
1000 =item IO::Uncompress::Unzip
1002 Read zip files/buffers
1006 IO:: style interface to L<Compress::Zlib>
1010 Finding and running system commands made easy
1014 Open a process for both reading and writing
1018 Open a process for reading, writing, and error handling
1024 =item IPC::SysV::Msg
1026 SysV Msg IPC object class
1028 =item IPC::SysV::Semaphore
1030 SysV Semaphore IPC object class
1034 A selection of general-utility list subroutines
1036 =item Locale::Constants
1038 Constants for Locale codes
1040 =item Locale::Country
1042 ISO codes for country identification (ISO 3166)
1044 =item Locale::Currency
1046 ISO three letter codes for currency identification (ISO 4217)
1048 =item Locale::Language
1050 ISO two letter codes for language identification (ISO 639)
1052 =item Locale::Maketext
1054 Framework for localization
1056 =item Locale::Maketext::Simple
1058 Simple interface to Locale::Maketext::Lexicon
1060 =item Locale::Maketext::TPJ13
1062 Article about software localization
1064 =item Locale::Script
1066 ISO codes for script identification (ISO 15924)
1070 A generic message storing mechanism;
1072 =item Log::Message::Config
1074 Configuration options for Log::Message
1076 =item Log::Message::Handlers
1078 Message handlers for Log::Message
1080 =item Log::Message::Item
1082 Message objects for Log::Message
1086 Encoding and decoding of base64 strings
1088 =item MIME::Base64::QuotedPrint
1090 Encoding and decoding of quoted-printable strings
1092 =item Math::BigFloat
1094 Arbitrary size floating point math package
1098 Arbitrary size integer/float math package
1100 =item Math::BigInt::Calc
1102 Pure Perl module to support Math::BigInt
1104 =item Math::BigInt::CalcEmu
1106 Emulate low-level math with BigInt code
1108 =item Math::BigInt::FastCalc
1110 Math::BigInt::Calc with some XS for more speed
1114 Arbitrary big rational numbers
1118 Complex numbers and associated mathematical functions
1122 Trigonometric functions
1126 Make functions faster by trading space for time
1128 =item Memoize::AnyDBM_File
1130 Glue to provide EXISTS for AnyDBM_File for Storable use
1132 =item Memoize::Expire
1134 Plug-in module for automatic expiration of memoized values
1136 =item Memoize::ExpireFile
1138 Test for Memoize expiration semantics
1140 =item Memoize::ExpireTest
1142 Test for Memoize expiration semantics
1144 =item Memoize::NDBM_File
1146 Glue to provide EXISTS for NDBM_File for Storable use
1148 =item Memoize::SDBM_File
1150 Glue to provide EXISTS for SDBM_File for Storable use
1152 =item Memoize::Storable
1154 Store Memoized data in Storable database
1158 Build and install Perl modules
1160 =item Module::Build::API
1162 API Reference for Module Authors
1164 =item Module::Build::Authoring
1166 Authoring Module::Build modules
1168 =item Module::Build::Base
1170 Default methods for Module::Build
1172 =item Module::Build::Compat
1174 Compatibility with ExtUtils::MakeMaker
1176 =item Module::Build::ConfigData
1178 Configuration for Module::Build
1180 =item Module::Build::Cookbook
1182 Examples of Module::Build Usage
1184 =item Module::Build::ModuleInfo
1186 Gather package and POD information from a perl module files
1188 =item Module::Build::Notes
1190 Configuration for $module_name
1192 =item Module::Build::PPMMaker
1194 Perl Package Manager file creation
1196 =item Module::Build::Platform::Amiga
1198 Builder class for Amiga platforms
1200 =item Module::Build::Platform::Default
1202 Stub class for unknown platforms
1204 =item Module::Build::Platform::EBCDIC
1206 Builder class for EBCDIC platforms
1208 =item Module::Build::Platform::MPEiX
1210 Builder class for MPEiX platforms
1212 =item Module::Build::Platform::MacOS
1214 Builder class for MacOS platforms
1216 =item Module::Build::Platform::RiscOS
1218 Builder class for RiscOS platforms
1220 =item Module::Build::Platform::Unix
1222 Builder class for Unix platforms
1224 =item Module::Build::Platform::VMS
1226 Builder class for VMS platforms
1228 =item Module::Build::Platform::VOS
1230 Builder class for VOS platforms
1232 =item Module::Build::Platform::Windows
1234 Builder class for Windows platforms
1236 =item Module::Build::Platform::aix
1238 Builder class for AIX platform
1240 =item Module::Build::Platform::cygwin
1242 Builder class for Cygwin platform
1244 =item Module::Build::Platform::darwin
1246 Builder class for Mac OS X platform
1248 =item Module::Build::Platform::os2
1250 Builder class for OS/2 platform
1252 =item Module::Build::YAML
1254 Provides just enough YAML support so that Module::Build works even if YAML.pm is not installed
1256 =item Module::CoreList
1258 What modules shipped with versions of perl
1262 Runtime require of both modules and files
1264 =item Module::Load::Conditional
1266 Looking up module information / loading at runtime
1268 =item Module::Loaded
1270 Mark modules as loaded or unloaded
1272 =item Module::Pluggable
1274 Automatically give your module the ability to have plugins
1276 =item Module::Pluggable::Object
1278 Automatically give your module the ability to have plugins
1282 Tied access to ndbm files
1286 Provide a pseudo-class NEXT (et al) that allows method redispatch
1290 Network Command class (as used by FTP, SMTP etc)
1294 Local configuration data for libnet
1298 Attempt to evaluate the current host's internet name and domain
1310 OO interface to users netrc file
1314 Post Office Protocol 3 Client class (RFC1939)
1318 Check a remote host for reachability
1322 Simple Mail Transfer Protocol Client
1326 Time and daytime network client interface
1330 By-name interface to Perl's built-in gethost*() functions
1332 =item Net::libnetFAQ
1334 Libnet Frequently Asked Questions
1338 By-name interface to Perl's built-in getnet*() functions
1342 By-name interface to Perl's built-in getproto*() functions
1346 By-name interface to Perl's built-in getserv*() functions
1350 Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends
1354 Tied access to odbm files
1358 Disable named opcodes when compiling perl code
1362 Perl interface to IEEE Std 1003.1
1364 =item Package::Constants
1366 List all constants declared in a package
1370 A generic input parsing/checking mechanism.
1374 On demand loader for PerlIO layers and root of PerlIO::* name space
1376 =item PerlIO::encoding
1380 =item PerlIO::scalar
1382 In-memory IO, scalar IO
1386 Helper class for PerlIO layers implemented in perl
1388 =item PerlIO::via::QuotedPrint
1390 PerlIO layer for quoted-printable strings
1394 Check pod documents for syntax errors
1398 For resolving Pod EE<lt>...E<gt> sequences
1402 Find POD documents in directory trees
1404 =item Pod::Functions
1406 Group Perl's functions a la perlfunc.pod
1410 Module to convert pod files to HTML
1412 =item Pod::InputObjects
1414 Objects representing POD input paragraphs, commands, etc.
1418 Convert Pod data to formatted Latex
1422 Convert POD data to formatted *roff input
1424 =item Pod::ParseLink
1426 Parse an LE<lt>E<gt> formatting code in POD text
1428 =item Pod::ParseUtils
1430 Helpers for POD parsing and conversion
1434 Base class for creating POD filters and translators
1436 =item Pod::Perldoc::ToChecker
1438 Let Perldoc check Pod for errors
1440 =item Pod::Perldoc::ToMan
1442 Let Perldoc render Pod as man pages
1444 =item Pod::Perldoc::ToNroff
1446 Let Perldoc convert Pod to nroff
1448 =item Pod::Perldoc::ToPod
1450 Let Perldoc render Pod as ... Pod!
1452 =item Pod::Perldoc::ToRtf
1454 Let Perldoc render Pod as RTF
1456 =item Pod::Perldoc::ToText
1458 Let Perldoc render Pod as plaintext
1460 =item Pod::Perldoc::ToTk
1462 Let Perldoc use Tk::Pod to render Pod
1464 =item Pod::Perldoc::ToXml
1466 Let Perldoc render Pod as XML
1468 =item Pod::PlainText
1470 Convert POD data to formatted ASCII text
1474 Perl extension for converting Pod to old style Pod.
1478 Extract selected sections of POD from input
1482 Framework for parsing Pod
1484 =item Pod::Simple::Checker
1486 Check the Pod syntax of a document
1488 =item Pod::Simple::Debug
1490 Put Pod::Simple into trace/debug mode
1492 =item Pod::Simple::DumpAsText
1494 Dump Pod-parsing events as text
1496 =item Pod::Simple::DumpAsXML
1500 =item Pod::Simple::HTML
1504 =item Pod::Simple::HTMLBatch
1506 Convert several Pod files to several HTML files
1508 =item Pod::Simple::LinkSection
1510 Represent "section" attributes of L codes
1512 =item Pod::Simple::Methody
1514 Turn Pod::Simple events into method calls
1516 =item Pod::Simple::PullParser
1518 A pull-parser interface to parsing Pod
1520 =item Pod::Simple::PullParserEndToken
1522 End-tokens from Pod::Simple::PullParser
1524 =item Pod::Simple::PullParserStartToken
1526 Start-tokens from Pod::Simple::PullParser
1528 =item Pod::Simple::PullParserTextToken
1530 Text-tokens from Pod::Simple::PullParser
1532 =item Pod::Simple::PullParserToken
1534 Tokens from Pod::Simple::PullParser
1536 =item Pod::Simple::RTF
1540 =item Pod::Simple::Search
1542 Find POD documents in directory trees
1544 =item Pod::Simple::SimpleTree
1546 Parse Pod into a simple parse tree
1548 =item Pod::Simple::Subclassing
1550 Write a formatter as a Pod::Simple subclass
1552 =item Pod::Simple::Text
1554 Format Pod as plaintext
1556 =item Pod::Simple::TextContent
1558 Get the text content of Pod
1560 =item Pod::Simple::XMLOutStream
1566 Convert POD data to formatted ASCII text
1568 =item Pod::Text::Color
1570 Convert POD data to formatted color ASCII text
1572 =item Pod::Text::Overstrike
1574 Convert POD data to formatted overstrike text
1576 =item Pod::Text::Termcap
1578 Convert POD data to ASCII text with format escapes
1582 Print a usage message from embedded pod documentation
1586 Tied access to sdbm files
1590 Compile and execute code in restricted compartments
1594 A selection of general-utility scalar subroutines
1598 Search for key in dictionary file
1602 Save and restore selected file handle
1606 Load functions only on demand
1610 Run shell commands transparently within perl
1614 Load the C socket.h defines and structure manipulators
1618 Persistence for Perl data structures
1622 A switch statement for Perl
1626 Manipulate Perl symbols and their names
1630 Try every conceivable way to get hostname
1634 Perl interface to the UNIX syslog(3) calls
1636 =item Term::ANSIColor
1638 Color screen output using ANSI escape sequences
1642 Perl termcap interface
1644 =item Term::Complete
1646 Perl word completion module
1648 =item Term::ReadLine
1650 Perl interface to various C<readline> packages.
1654 Term::ReadLine UI made easy
1658 Provides a simple framework for writing test scripts
1662 Backend for building test libraries
1664 =item Test::Builder::Module
1666 Base class for test modules
1668 =item Test::Builder::Tester
1670 Test testsuites that have been built with
1672 =item Test::Builder::Tester::Color
1674 Turn on colour in Test::Builder::Tester
1678 Run Perl standard test scripts with statistics
1680 =item Test::Harness::Assert
1684 =item Test::Harness::Iterator
1686 Internal Test::Harness Iterator
1688 =item Test::Harness::Point
1690 Object for tracking a single test point
1692 =item Test::Harness::Results
1694 Object for tracking results from a single test file
1696 =item Test::Harness::Straps
1698 Detailed analysis of test results
1700 =item Test::Harness::TAP
1702 Documentation for the TAP format
1704 =item Test::Harness::Util
1706 Utility functions for Test::Harness::*
1710 Yet another framework for writing test scripts
1714 Basic utilities for writing tests.
1716 =item Test::Tutorial
1718 A tutorial about writing really basic tests
1722 Create an abbreviation table from a list
1724 =item Text::Balanced
1726 Extract delimited text sequences from strings.
1728 =item Text::ParseWords
1730 Parse text into an array of tokens or array of arrays
1734 Implementation of the Soundex Algorithm as Described by Knuth
1738 Expand and unexpand tabs per the unix expand(1) and unexpand(1)
1742 Line wrapping to form simple paragraphs
1746 Manipulate threads in Perl (for old code only)
1752 =item Thread::Semaphore
1754 Thread-safe semaphores
1758 Base class for tied arrays
1762 Access the lines of a disk file via a Perl array
1766 Base class definitions for tied handles
1770 Base class definitions for tied hashes
1772 =item Tie::Hash::NamedCapture
1774 Named regexp capture buffers
1778 Add data to hash when needed
1782 Use references as hash keys
1786 Base class definitions for tied scalars
1788 =item Tie::SubstrHash
1790 Fixed-table-size, fixed-key-length hashing
1794 High resolution alarm, sleep, gettimeofday, interval timers
1798 Efficiently compute time from local and GMT time
1802 Object Oriented time objects
1804 =item Time::Piece::Seconds
1806 A simple API to convert seconds to other date values
1810 By-name interface to Perl's built-in gmtime() function
1812 =item Time::localtime
1814 By-name interface to Perl's built-in localtime() function
1818 Internal object used by Time::gmtime and Time::localtime
1822 Base class for ALL classes (blessed references)
1824 =item Unicode::Collate
1826 Unicode Collation Algorithm
1828 =item Unicode::Normalize
1830 Unicode Normalization Forms
1834 Unicode character database
1838 By-name interface to Perl's built-in getgr*() functions
1842 By-name interface to Perl's built-in getpw*() functions
1846 Interfaces to some Win32 API Functions
1848 =item Win32API::File
1850 Low-level access to Win32 system API calls for files/dirs.
1854 Win32 CORE function stubs
1862 Module to test the XS typemaps distributed with perl
1866 Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code
1870 To find out I<all> modules installed on your system, including
1871 those without documentation or outside the standard release,
1872 just use the following command (under the default win32 shell,
1873 double quotes should be used instead of single quotes).
1875 % perl -MFile::Find=find -MFile::Spec::Functions -Tlwe \
1876 'find { wanted => sub { print canonpath $_ if /\.pm\z/ },
1877 no_chdir => 1 }, @INC'
1879 (The -T is here to prevent '.' from being listed in @INC.)
1880 They should all have their own documentation installed and accessible
1881 via your system man(1) command. If you do not have a B<find>
1882 program, you can use the Perl B<find2perl> program instead, which
1883 generates Perl code as output you can run through perl. If you
1884 have a B<man> program but it doesn't find your modules, you'll have
1885 to fix your manpath. See L<perl> for details. If you have no
1886 system B<man> command, you might try the B<perldoc> program.
1888 Note also that the command C<perldoc perllocal> gives you a (possibly
1889 incomplete) list of the modules that have been further installed on
1890 your system. (The perllocal.pod file is updated by the standard MakeMaker
1893 =head2 Extension Modules
1895 Extension modules are written in C (or a mix of Perl and C). They
1896 are usually dynamically loaded into Perl if and when you need them,
1897 but may also be linked in statically. Supported extension modules
1898 include Socket, Fcntl, and POSIX.
1900 Many popular C extension modules do not come bundled (at least, not
1901 completely) due to their sizes, volatility, or simply lack of time
1902 for adequate testing and configuration across the multitude of
1903 platforms on which Perl was beta-tested. You are encouraged to
1904 look for them on CPAN (described below), or using web search engines
1905 like Alta Vista or Google.
1909 CPAN stands for Comprehensive Perl Archive Network; it's a globally
1910 replicated trove of Perl materials, including documentation, style
1911 guides, tricks and traps, alternate ports to non-Unix systems and
1912 occasional binary distributions for these. Search engines for
1913 CPAN can be found at http://www.cpan.org/
1915 Most importantly, CPAN includes around a thousand unbundled modules,
1916 some of which require a C compiler to build. Major categories of
1923 Language Extensions and Documentation Tools
1931 Operating System Interfaces
1935 Networking, Device Control (modems) and InterProcess Communication
1939 Data Types and Data Type Utilities
1951 Interfaces to / Emulations of Other Programming Languages
1955 File Names, File Systems and File Locking (see also File Handles)
1959 String Processing, Language Text Processing, Parsing, and Searching
1963 Option, Argument, Parameter, and Configuration File Processing
1967 Internationalization and Locale
1971 Authentication, Security, and Encryption
1975 World Wide Web, HTML, HTTP, CGI, MIME
1979 Server and Daemon Utilities
1983 Archiving and Compression
1987 Images, Pixmap and Bitmap Manipulation, Drawing, and Graphing
1991 Mail and Usenet News
1995 Control Flow Utilities (callbacks and exceptions etc)
1999 File Handle and Input/Output Stream Utilities
2003 Miscellaneous Modules
2007 The list of the registered CPAN sites as of this writing follows.
2008 Please note that the sorting order is alphabetical on fields:
2014 |-->[state/province]
2020 and thus the North American servers happen to be listed between the
2021 European and the South American sites.
2023 You should try to choose one close to you.
2031 http://ftp.rucus.ru.ac.za/pub/perl/CPAN/
2032 ftp://ftp.rucus.ru.ac.za/pub/perl/CPAN/
2033 ftp://ftp.is.co.za/programming/perl/CPAN/
2034 ftp://ftp.saix.net/pub/CPAN/
2035 ftp://ftp.sun.ac.za/CPAN/CPAN/
2045 http://cpan.linuxforum.net/
2046 http://cpan.shellhung.org/
2047 ftp://ftp.shellhung.org/pub/CPAN
2048 ftp://mirrors.hknet.com/CPAN
2052 http://mirrors.tf.itb.ac.id/cpan/
2053 http://cpan.cbn.net.id/
2054 ftp://ftp.cbn.net.id/mirror/CPAN
2058 ftp://ftp.iglu.org.il/pub/CPAN/
2059 http://cpan.lerner.co.il/
2060 http://bioinfo.weizmann.ac.il/pub/software/perl/CPAN/
2061 ftp://bioinfo.weizmann.ac.il/pub/software/perl/CPAN/
2065 ftp://ftp.u-aizu.ac.jp/pub/CPAN
2066 ftp://ftp.kddlabs.co.jp/CPAN/
2067 ftp://ftp.ayamura.org/pub/CPAN/
2068 ftp://ftp.jaist.ac.jp/pub/lang/perl/CPAN/
2070 ftp://ftp.cpan.jp/CPAN/
2071 ftp://ftp.dti.ad.jp/pub/lang/CPAN/
2072 ftp://ftp.ring.gr.jp/pub/lang/perl/CPAN/
2076 http://cpan.MyBSD.org.my
2077 http://mirror.leafbug.org/pub/CPAN
2078 http://ossig.mncc.com.my/mirror/pub/CPAN
2080 =item Russian Federation
2082 http://cpan.tomsk.ru
2083 ftp://cpan.tomsk.ru/
2087 ftp://ftp.isu.net.sa/pub/CPAN/
2091 http://CPAN.en.com.sg/
2092 ftp://cpan.en.com.sg/
2093 http://mirror.averse.net/pub/CPAN
2094 ftp://mirror.averse.net/pub/CPAN
2095 http://cpan.oss.eznetsols.org
2096 ftp://ftp.oss.eznetsols.org/cpan
2100 http://CPAN.bora.net/
2101 ftp://ftp.bora.net/pub/CPAN/
2102 http://mirror.kr.FreeBSD.org/CPAN
2103 ftp://ftp.kr.FreeBSD.org/pub/CPAN
2107 ftp://ftp.nctu.edu.tw/UNIX/perl/CPAN
2108 http://cpan.cdpa.nsysu.edu.tw/
2109 ftp://cpan.cdpa.nsysu.edu.tw/pub/CPAN
2110 http://ftp.isu.edu.tw/pub/CPAN
2111 ftp://ftp.isu.edu.tw/pub/CPAN
2112 ftp://ftp1.sinica.edu.tw/pub1/perl/CPAN/
2113 http://ftp.tku.edu.tw/pub/CPAN/
2114 ftp://ftp.tku.edu.tw/pub/CPAN/
2118 ftp://ftp.loxinfo.co.th/pub/cpan/
2119 ftp://ftp.cs.riubon.ac.th/pub/mirrors/CPAN/
2123 =head2 Central America
2129 http://ftp.ucr.ac.cr/Unix/CPAN/
2130 ftp://ftp.ucr.ac.cr/pub/Unix/CPAN/
2140 http://cpan.inode.at/
2142 ftp://ftp.tuwien.ac.at/pub/CPAN/
2146 http://ftp.easynet.be/pub/CPAN/
2147 ftp://ftp.easynet.be/pub/CPAN/
2148 http://cpan.skynet.be
2149 ftp://ftp.cpan.skynet.be/pub/CPAN
2150 ftp://ftp.kulnet.kuleuven.ac.be/pub/mirror/CPAN/
2152 =item Bosnia and Herzegovina
2154 http://cpan.blic.net/
2158 http://cpan.online.bg
2159 ftp://cpan.online.bg/cpan
2160 http://cpan.zadnik.org
2161 ftp://ftp.zadnik.org/mirrors/CPAN/
2162 http://cpan.lirex.net/
2163 ftp://ftp.lirex.net/pub/mirrors/CPAN
2167 http://ftp.linux.hr/pub/CPAN/
2168 ftp://ftp.linux.hr/pub/CPAN/
2170 =item Czech Republic
2172 ftp://ftp.fi.muni.cz/pub/CPAN/
2173 ftp://sunsite.mff.cuni.cz/MIRRORS/ftp.funet.fi/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/
2177 http://mirrors.sunsite.dk/cpan/
2178 ftp://sunsite.dk/mirrors/cpan/
2179 http://cpan.cybercity.dk
2180 http://www.cpan.dk/CPAN/
2181 ftp://www.cpan.dk/ftp.cpan.org/CPAN/
2185 ftp://ftp.ut.ee/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/
2189 ftp://ftp.funet.fi/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/
2190 http://mirror.eunet.fi/CPAN
2194 http://www.enstimac.fr/Perl/CPAN
2195 http://ftp.u-paris10.fr/perl/CPAN
2196 ftp://ftp.u-paris10.fr/perl/CPAN
2197 http://cpan.mirrors.easynet.fr/
2198 ftp://cpan.mirrors.easynet.fr/pub/ftp.cpan.org/
2199 ftp://ftp.club-internet.fr/pub/perl/CPAN/
2201 ftp://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/perl/CPAN/
2202 ftp://ftp.oleane.net/pub/mirrors/CPAN/
2203 ftp://ftp.pasteur.fr/pub/computing/CPAN/
2204 http://mir2.ovh.net/ftp.cpan.org
2205 ftp://mir1.ovh.net/ftp.cpan.org
2206 http://ftp.crihan.fr/mirrors/ftp.cpan.org/
2207 ftp://ftp.crihan.fr/mirrors/ftp.cpan.org/
2208 http://ftp.u-strasbg.fr/CPAN
2209 ftp://ftp.u-strasbg.fr/CPAN
2210 ftp://cpan.cict.fr/pub/CPAN/
2211 ftp://ftp.uvsq.fr/pub/perl/CPAN/
2215 ftp://ftp.rub.de/pub/CPAN/
2216 ftp://ftp.freenet.de/pub/ftp.cpan.org/pub/CPAN/
2217 ftp://ftp.uni-erlangen.de/pub/source/CPAN/
2218 ftp://ftp-stud.fht-esslingen.de/pub/Mirrors/CPAN
2219 http://pandemonium.tiscali.de/pub/CPAN/
2220 ftp://pandemonium.tiscali.de/pub/CPAN/
2221 http://ftp.gwdg.de/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/
2222 ftp://ftp.gwdg.de/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/
2223 ftp://ftp.uni-hamburg.de/pub/soft/lang/perl/CPAN/
2224 ftp://ftp.leo.org/pub/CPAN/
2225 http://cpan.noris.de/
2226 ftp://cpan.noris.de/pub/CPAN/
2227 ftp://ftp.mpi-sb.mpg.de/pub/perl/CPAN/
2228 ftp://ftp.gmd.de/mirrors/CPAN/
2232 ftp://ftp.acn.gr/pub/lang/perl
2233 ftp://ftp.forthnet.gr/pub/languages/perl/CPAN
2234 ftp://ftp.ntua.gr/pub/lang/perl/
2238 http://ftp.kfki.hu/packages/perl/CPAN/
2239 ftp://ftp.kfki.hu/pub/packages/perl/CPAN/
2243 http://ftp.rhnet.is/pub/CPAN/
2244 ftp://ftp.rhnet.is/pub/CPAN/
2248 http://cpan.indigo.ie/
2249 ftp://cpan.indigo.ie/pub/CPAN/
2250 http://ftp.heanet.ie/mirrors/ftp.perl.org/pub/CPAN
2251 ftp://ftp.heanet.ie/mirrors/ftp.perl.org/pub/CPAN
2252 http://sunsite.compapp.dcu.ie/pub/perl/
2253 ftp://sunsite.compapp.dcu.ie/pub/perl/
2257 http://cpan.nettuno.it/
2258 http://gusp.dyndns.org/CPAN/
2259 ftp://gusp.dyndns.org/pub/CPAN
2260 http://softcity.iol.it/cpan
2261 ftp://softcity.iol.it/pub/cpan
2262 ftp://ftp.unina.it/pub/Other/CPAN/CPAN/
2263 ftp://ftp.unipi.it/pub/mirror/perl/CPAN/
2264 ftp://cis.uniRoma2.it/CPAN/
2265 ftp://ftp.edisontel.it/pub/CPAN_Mirror/
2266 http://cpan.flashnet.it/
2267 ftp://ftp.flashnet.it/pub/CPAN/
2271 http://kvin.lv/pub/CPAN/
2275 ftp://ftp.unix.lt/pub/CPAN/
2279 ftp://download.xs4all.nl/pub/mirror/CPAN/
2280 ftp://ftp.nl.uu.net/pub/CPAN/
2281 ftp://ftp.nluug.nl/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/
2282 http://cpan.cybercomm.nl/
2283 ftp://mirror.cybercomm.nl/pub/CPAN
2284 ftp://mirror.vuurwerk.nl/pub/CPAN/
2285 ftp://ftp.cpan.nl/pub/CPAN/
2286 http://ftp.easynet.nl/mirror/CPAN
2287 ftp://ftp.easynet.nl/mirror/CPAN
2288 http://archive.cs.uu.nl/mirror/CPAN/
2289 ftp://ftp.cs.uu.nl/mirror/CPAN/
2293 ftp://ftp.uninett.no/pub/languages/perl/CPAN
2294 ftp://ftp.uit.no/pub/languages/perl/cpan/
2298 ftp://ftp.mega.net.pl/CPAN
2299 ftp://ftp.man.torun.pl/pub/doc/CPAN/
2300 ftp://sunsite.icm.edu.pl/pub/CPAN/
2304 ftp://ftp.ua.pt/pub/CPAN/
2305 ftp://perl.di.uminho.pt/pub/CPAN/
2306 http://cpan.dei.uc.pt/
2307 ftp://ftp.dei.uc.pt/pub/CPAN
2308 ftp://ftp.nfsi.pt/pub/CPAN
2309 http://ftp.linux.pt/pub/mirrors/CPAN
2310 ftp://ftp.linux.pt/pub/mirrors/CPAN
2312 ftp://cpan.ip.pt/pub/cpan/
2313 http://cpan.telepac.pt/
2314 ftp://ftp.telepac.pt/pub/cpan/
2318 ftp://ftp.bio-net.ro/pub/CPAN
2319 ftp://ftp.kappa.ro/pub/mirrors/ftp.perl.org/pub/CPAN/
2320 ftp://ftp.lug.ro/CPAN
2321 ftp://ftp.roedu.net/pub/CPAN/
2322 ftp://ftp.dntis.ro/pub/cpan/
2323 ftp://ftp.iasi.roedu.net/pub/mirrors/ftp.cpan.org/
2324 http://cpan.ambra.ro/
2325 ftp://ftp.ambra.ro/pub/CPAN
2326 ftp://ftp.dnttm.ro/pub/CPAN/
2327 ftp://ftp.lasting.ro/pub/CPAN
2328 ftp://ftp.timisoara.roedu.net/mirrors/CPAN/
2332 ftp://ftp.chg.ru/pub/lang/perl/CPAN/
2333 http://cpan.rinet.ru/
2334 ftp://cpan.rinet.ru/pub/mirror/CPAN/
2335 ftp://ftp.aha.ru/pub/CPAN/
2336 ftp://ftp.corbina.ru/pub/CPAN/
2337 http://cpan.sai.msu.ru/
2338 ftp://ftp.sai.msu.su/pub/lang/perl/CPAN/
2342 ftp://ftp.cvt.stuba.sk/pub/CPAN/
2346 ftp://ftp.arnes.si/software/perl/CPAN/
2350 http://cpan.imasd.elmundo.es/
2351 ftp://ftp.rediris.es/mirror/CPAN/
2352 ftp://ftp.ri.telefonica-data.net/CPAN
2353 ftp://ftp.etse.urv.es/pub/perl/
2357 http://ftp.du.se/CPAN/
2358 ftp://ftp.du.se/pub/CPAN/
2359 http://mirror.dataphone.se/CPAN
2360 ftp://mirror.dataphone.se/pub/CPAN
2361 ftp://ftp.sunet.se/pub/lang/perl/CPAN/
2365 http://cpan.mirror.solnet.ch/
2366 ftp://ftp.solnet.ch/mirror/CPAN/
2367 ftp://ftp.danyk.ch/CPAN/
2368 ftp://sunsite.cnlab-switch.ch/mirror/CPAN/
2372 http://ftp.ulak.net.tr/perl/CPAN/
2373 ftp://ftp.ulak.net.tr/perl/CPAN
2374 ftp://sunsite.bilkent.edu.tr/pub/languages/CPAN/
2380 ftp://ftp.perl.org.ua/pub/CPAN/
2381 http://no-more.kiev.ua/CPAN/
2382 ftp://no-more.kiev.ua/pub/CPAN/
2384 =item United Kingdom
2386 http://www.mirror.ac.uk/sites/ftp.funet.fi/pub/languages/perl/CPAN
2387 ftp://ftp.mirror.ac.uk/sites/ftp.funet.fi/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/
2388 http://cpan.teleglobe.net/
2389 ftp://cpan.teleglobe.net/pub/CPAN
2390 http://cpan.mirror.anlx.net/
2391 ftp://ftp.mirror.anlx.net/CPAN/
2392 http://cpan.etla.org/
2393 ftp://cpan.etla.org/pub/CPAN
2394 ftp://ftp.demon.co.uk/pub/CPAN/
2395 http://cpan.m.flirble.org/
2396 ftp://ftp.flirble.org/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/
2397 ftp://ftp.plig.org/pub/CPAN/
2398 http://cpan.hambule.co.uk/
2399 http://cpan.mirrors.clockerz.net/
2400 ftp://ftp.clockerz.net/pub/CPAN/
2401 ftp://usit.shef.ac.uk/pub/packages/CPAN/
2405 =head2 North America
2415 http://cpan.sunsite.ualberta.ca/
2416 ftp://cpan.sunsite.ualberta.ca/pub/CPAN/
2420 http://theoryx5.uwinnipeg.ca/pub/CPAN/
2421 ftp://theoryx5.uwinnipeg.ca/pub/CPAN/
2425 ftp://cpan.chebucto.ns.ca/pub/CPAN/
2429 ftp://ftp.nrc.ca/pub/CPAN/
2435 http://cpan.azc.uam.mx
2436 ftp://cpan.azc.uam.mx/mirrors/CPAN
2437 http://www.cpan.unam.mx/
2438 ftp://ftp.unam.mx/pub/CPAN
2439 http://www.msg.com.mx/CPAN/
2440 ftp://ftp.msg.com.mx/pub/CPAN/
2448 http://mirror.hiwaay.net/CPAN/
2449 ftp://mirror.hiwaay.net/CPAN/
2453 http://cpan.develooper.com/
2454 http://www.cpan.org/
2455 ftp://cpan.valueclick.com/pub/CPAN/
2456 http://www.mednor.net/ftp/pub/mirrors/CPAN/
2457 ftp://ftp.mednor.net/pub/mirrors/CPAN/
2458 http://mirrors.gossamer-threads.com/CPAN
2459 ftp://cpan.nas.nasa.gov/pub/perl/CPAN/
2460 http://mirrors.kernel.org/cpan/
2461 ftp://mirrors.kernel.org/pub/CPAN
2462 http://cpan-sj.viaverio.com/
2463 ftp://cpan-sj.viaverio.com/pub/CPAN/
2464 http://cpan.digisle.net/
2465 ftp://cpan.digisle.net/pub/CPAN
2466 http://www.perl.com/CPAN/
2467 http://www.uberlan.net/CPAN
2471 ftp://ftp.cs.colorado.edu/pub/perl/CPAN/
2472 http://cpan.four10.com
2476 http://ftp.lug.udel.edu/pub/CPAN
2477 ftp://ftp.lug.udel.edu/pub/CPAN
2479 =item District of Columbia
2481 ftp://ftp.dc.aleron.net/pub/CPAN/
2485 ftp://ftp.cise.ufl.edu/pub/mirrors/CPAN/
2486 http://mirror.csit.fsu.edu/pub/CPAN/
2487 ftp://mirror.csit.fsu.edu/pub/CPAN/
2488 http://cpan.mirrors.nks.net/
2492 ftp://ftp.uwsg.iu.edu/pub/perl/CPAN/
2493 http://cpan.netnitco.net/
2494 ftp://cpan.netnitco.net/pub/mirrors/CPAN/
2495 http://archive.progeny.com/CPAN/
2496 ftp://archive.progeny.com/CPAN/
2497 http://fx.saintjoe.edu/pub/CPAN
2498 ftp://ftp.saintjoe.edu/pub/CPAN
2499 http://csociety-ftp.ecn.purdue.edu/pub/CPAN
2500 ftp://csociety-ftp.ecn.purdue.edu/pub/CPAN
2504 http://cpan.uky.edu/
2505 ftp://cpan.uky.edu/pub/CPAN/
2506 http://slugsite.louisville.edu/cpan
2507 ftp://slugsite.louisville.edu/CPAN
2511 http://mirrors.towardex.com/CPAN
2512 ftp://mirrors.towardex.com/pub/CPAN
2513 ftp://ftp.ccs.neu.edu/net/mirrors/ftp.funet.fi/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/
2517 ftp://cpan.cse.msu.edu/
2518 http://cpan.calvin.edu/pub/CPAN
2519 ftp://cpan.calvin.edu/pub/CPAN
2523 http://www.oss.redundant.com/pub/CPAN
2524 ftp://www.oss.redundant.com/pub/CPAN
2528 http://ftp.cpanel.net/pub/CPAN/
2529 ftp://ftp.cpanel.net/pub/CPAN/
2530 http://cpan.teleglobe.net/
2531 ftp://cpan.teleglobe.net/pub/CPAN
2535 http://cpan.belfry.net/
2536 http://cpan.erlbaum.net/
2537 ftp://cpan.erlbaum.net/
2538 http://cpan.thepirtgroup.com/
2539 ftp://cpan.thepirtgroup.com/
2540 ftp://ftp.stealth.net/pub/CPAN/
2541 http://www.rge.com/pub/languages/perl/
2542 ftp://ftp.rge.com/pub/languages/perl/
2544 =item North Carolina
2546 http://www.ibiblio.org/pub/languages/perl/CPAN
2547 ftp://ftp.ibiblio.org/pub/languages/perl/CPAN
2548 ftp://ftp.duke.edu/pub/perl/
2549 ftp://ftp.ncsu.edu/pub/mirror/CPAN/
2553 ftp://ftp.ou.edu/mirrors/CPAN/
2557 ftp://ftp.orst.edu/pub/CPAN
2561 http://ftp.epix.net/CPAN/
2562 ftp://ftp.epix.net/pub/languages/perl/
2563 http://mirrors.phenominet.com/pub/CPAN/
2564 ftp://mirrors.phenominet.com/pub/CPAN/
2565 http://cpan.pair.com/
2566 ftp://cpan.pair.com/pub/CPAN/
2567 ftp://carroll.cac.psu.edu/pub/CPAN/
2571 ftp://ftp.sunsite.utk.edu/pub/CPAN/
2575 http://ftp.sedl.org/pub/mirrors/CPAN/
2576 http://www.binarycode.org/cpan
2577 ftp://mirror.telentente.com/pub/CPAN
2578 http://mirrors.theonlinerecordstore.com/CPAN
2582 ftp://mirror.xmission.com/CPAN/
2586 http://cpan-du.viaverio.com/
2587 ftp://cpan-du.viaverio.com/pub/CPAN/
2588 http://mirrors.rcn.net/pub/lang/CPAN/
2589 ftp://mirrors.rcn.net/pub/lang/CPAN/
2590 http://perl.secsup.org/
2591 ftp://perl.secsup.org/pub/perl/
2592 http://noc.cvaix.com/mirrors/CPAN/
2596 http://cpan.llarian.net/
2597 ftp://cpan.llarian.net/pub/CPAN/
2598 http://cpan.mirrorcentral.com/
2599 ftp://ftp.mirrorcentral.com/pub/CPAN/
2600 ftp://ftp-mirror.internap.com/pub/CPAN/
2604 http://mirror.sit.wisc.edu/pub/CPAN/
2605 ftp://mirror.sit.wisc.edu/pub/CPAN/
2606 http://mirror.aphix.com/CPAN
2607 ftp://mirror.aphix.com/pub/CPAN
2619 http://ftp.planetmirror.com/pub/CPAN/
2620 ftp://ftp.planetmirror.com/pub/CPAN/
2621 ftp://mirror.aarnet.edu.au/pub/perl/CPAN/
2622 ftp://cpan.topend.com.au/pub/CPAN/
2623 http://cpan.mirrors.ilisys.com.au
2627 ftp://ftp.auckland.ac.nz/pub/perl/CPAN/
2631 http://aniani.ifa.hawaii.edu/CPAN/
2632 ftp://aniani.ifa.hawaii.edu/CPAN/
2636 =head2 South America
2642 ftp://mirrors.bannerlandia.com.ar/mirrors/CPAN/
2643 http://www.linux.org.ar/mirrors/cpan
2644 ftp://ftp.linux.org.ar/mirrors/cpan
2648 ftp://cpan.pop-mg.com.br/pub/CPAN/
2649 ftp://ftp.matrix.com.br/pub/perl/CPAN/
2650 http://cpan.hostsul.com.br/
2651 ftp://cpan.hostsul.com.br/
2655 http://cpan.netglobalis.net/
2656 ftp://cpan.netglobalis.net/pub/CPAN/
2660 =head2 RSYNC Mirrors
2662 www.linux.org.ar::cpan
2663 theoryx5.uwinnipeg.ca::CPAN
2664 ftp.shellhung.org::CPAN
2665 rsync.nic.funet.fi::CPAN
2666 ftp.u-paris10.fr::CPAN
2668 rsync://ftp.crihan.fr::CPAN
2669 ftp.gwdg.de::FTP/languages/perl/CPAN/
2671 ftp.cbn.net.id::CPAN
2672 rsync://ftp.heanet.ie/mirrors/ftp.perl.org/pub/CPAN
2673 ftp.iglu.org.il::CPAN
2674 gusp.dyndns.org::cpan
2675 ftp.kddlabs.co.jp::cpan
2676 ftp.ayamura.org::pub/CPAN/
2677 mirror.leafbug.org::CPAN
2678 rsync.en.com.sg::CPAN
2679 mirror.averse.net::cpan
2680 rsync.oss.eznetsols.org
2681 ftp.kr.FreeBSD.org::CPAN
2683 cpan.cdpa.nsysu.edu.tw::CPAN
2684 cpan.teleglobe.net::CPAN
2685 rsync://rsync.mirror.anlx.net::CPAN
2688 cpan-du.viaverio.com::CPAN
2689 aniani.ifa.hawaii.edu::CPAN
2690 archive.progeny.com::CPAN
2691 rsync://slugsite.louisville.edu::CPAN
2692 mirror.aphix.com::CPAN
2693 cpan.teleglobe.net::CPAN
2694 ftp.lug.udel.edu::cpan
2695 mirrors.kernel.org::mirrors/CPAN
2696 mirrors.phenominet.com::CPAN
2698 cpan-sj.viaverio.com::CPAN
2699 mirror.csit.fsu.edu::CPAN
2700 csociety-ftp.ecn.purdue.edu::CPAN
2702 For an up-to-date listing of CPAN sites,
2703 see http://www.cpan.org/SITES or ftp://www.cpan.org/SITES .
2705 =head1 Modules: Creation, Use, and Abuse
2707 (The following section is borrowed directly from Tim Bunce's modules
2708 file, available at your nearest CPAN site.)
2710 Perl implements a class using a package, but the presence of a
2711 package doesn't imply the presence of a class. A package is just a
2712 namespace. A class is a package that provides subroutines that can be
2713 used as methods. A method is just a subroutine that expects, as its
2714 first argument, either the name of a package (for "static" methods),
2715 or a reference to something (for "virtual" methods).
2717 A module is a file that (by convention) provides a class of the same
2718 name (sans the .pm), plus an import method in that class that can be
2719 called to fetch exported symbols. This module may implement some of
2720 its methods by loading dynamic C or C++ objects, but that should be
2721 totally transparent to the user of the module. Likewise, the module
2722 might set up an AUTOLOAD function to slurp in subroutine definitions on
2723 demand, but this is also transparent. Only the F<.pm> file is required to
2724 exist. See L<perlsub>, L<perltoot>, and L<AutoLoader> for details about
2725 the AUTOLOAD mechanism.
2727 =head2 Guidelines for Module Creation
2733 Do similar modules already exist in some form?
2735 If so, please try to reuse the existing modules either in whole or
2736 by inheriting useful features into a new class. If this is not
2737 practical try to get together with the module authors to work on
2738 extending or enhancing the functionality of the existing modules.
2739 A perfect example is the plethora of packages in perl4 for dealing
2740 with command line options.
2742 If you are writing a module to expand an already existing set of
2743 modules, please coordinate with the author of the package. It
2744 helps if you follow the same naming scheme and module interaction
2745 scheme as the original author.
2749 Try to design the new module to be easy to extend and reuse.
2751 Try to C<use warnings;> (or C<use warnings qw(...);>).
2752 Remember that you can add C<no warnings qw(...);> to individual blocks
2753 of code that need less warnings.
2755 Use blessed references. Use the two argument form of bless to bless
2756 into the class name given as the first parameter of the constructor,
2761 return bless {}, $class;
2764 or even this if you'd like it to be used as either a static
2765 or a virtual method.
2769 my $class = ref($self) || $self;
2770 return bless {}, $class;
2773 Pass arrays as references so more parameters can be added later
2774 (it's also faster). Convert functions into methods where
2775 appropriate. Split large methods into smaller more flexible ones.
2776 Inherit methods from other modules if appropriate.
2778 Avoid class name tests like: C<die "Invalid" unless ref $ref eq 'FOO'>.
2779 Generally you can delete the C<eq 'FOO'> part with no harm at all.
2780 Let the objects look after themselves! Generally, avoid hard-wired
2781 class names as far as possible.
2783 Avoid C<< $r->Class::func() >> where using C<@ISA=qw(... Class ...)> and
2784 C<< $r->func() >> would work (see L<perlbot> for more details).
2786 Use autosplit so little used or newly added functions won't be a
2787 burden to programs that don't use them. Add test functions to
2788 the module after __END__ either using AutoSplit or by saying:
2790 eval join('',<main::DATA>) || die $@ unless caller();
2792 Does your module pass the 'empty subclass' test? If you say
2793 C<@SUBCLASS::ISA = qw(YOURCLASS);> your applications should be able
2794 to use SUBCLASS in exactly the same way as YOURCLASS. For example,
2795 does your application still work if you change: C<< $obj = YOURCLASS->new(); >>
2796 into: C<< $obj = SUBCLASS->new(); >> ?
2798 Avoid keeping any state information in your packages. It makes it
2799 difficult for multiple other packages to use yours. Keep state
2800 information in objects.
2804 Try to C<use strict;> (or C<use strict qw(...);>).
2805 Remember that you can add C<no strict qw(...);> to individual blocks
2806 of code that need less strictness.
2810 Follow the guidelines in the perlstyle(1) manual.
2816 Some simple style guidelines
2818 The perlstyle manual supplied with Perl has many helpful points.
2820 Coding style is a matter of personal taste. Many people evolve their
2821 style over several years as they learn what helps them write and
2822 maintain good code. Here's one set of assorted suggestions that
2823 seem to be widely used by experienced developers:
2825 Use underscores to separate words. It is generally easier to read
2826 $var_names_like_this than $VarNamesLikeThis, especially for
2827 non-native speakers of English. It's also a simple rule that works
2828 consistently with VAR_NAMES_LIKE_THIS.
2830 Package/Module names are an exception to this rule. Perl informally
2831 reserves lowercase module names for 'pragma' modules like integer
2832 and strict. Other modules normally begin with a capital letter and
2833 use mixed case with no underscores (need to be short and portable).
2835 You may find it helpful to use letter case to indicate the scope
2836 or nature of a variable. For example:
2838 $ALL_CAPS_HERE constants only (beware clashes with Perl vars)
2839 $Some_Caps_Here package-wide global/static
2840 $no_caps_here function scope my() or local() variables
2842 Function and method names seem to work best as all lowercase.
2843 e.g., C<< $obj->as_string() >>.
2845 You can use a leading underscore to indicate that a variable or
2846 function should not be used outside the package that defined it.
2850 Select what to export.
2852 Do NOT export method names!
2854 Do NOT export anything else by default without a good reason!
2856 Exports pollute the namespace of the module user. If you must
2857 export try to use @EXPORT_OK in preference to @EXPORT and avoid
2858 short or common names to reduce the risk of name clashes.
2860 Generally anything not exported is still accessible from outside the
2861 module using the ModuleName::item_name (or C<< $blessed_ref->method >>)
2862 syntax. By convention you can use a leading underscore on names to
2863 indicate informally that they are 'internal' and not for public use.
2865 (It is actually possible to get private functions by saying:
2866 C<my $subref = sub { ... }; &$subref;>. But there's no way to call that
2867 directly as a method, because a method must have a name in the symbol
2870 As a general rule, if the module is trying to be object oriented
2871 then export nothing. If it's just a collection of functions then
2872 @EXPORT_OK anything but use @EXPORT with caution.
2876 Select a name for the module.
2878 This name should be as descriptive, accurate, and complete as
2879 possible. Avoid any risk of ambiguity. Always try to use two or
2880 more whole words. Generally the name should reflect what is special
2881 about what the module does rather than how it does it. Please use
2882 nested module names to group informally or categorize a module.
2883 There should be a very good reason for a module not to have a nested name.
2884 Module names should begin with a capital letter.
2886 Having 57 modules all called Sort will not make life easy for anyone
2887 (though having 23 called Sort::Quick is only marginally better :-).
2888 Imagine someone trying to install your module alongside many others.
2889 If in any doubt ask for suggestions in comp.lang.perl.misc.
2891 If you are developing a suite of related modules/classes it's good
2892 practice to use nested classes with a common prefix as this will
2893 avoid namespace clashes. For example: Xyz::Control, Xyz::View,
2894 Xyz::Model etc. Use the modules in this list as a naming guide.
2896 If adding a new module to a set, follow the original author's
2897 standards for naming modules and the interface to methods in
2900 If developing modules for private internal or project specific use,
2901 that will never be released to the public, then you should ensure
2902 that their names will not clash with any future public module. You
2903 can do this either by using the reserved Local::* category or by
2904 using a category name that includes an underscore like Foo_Corp::*.
2906 To be portable each component of a module name should be limited to
2907 11 characters. If it might be used on MS-DOS then try to ensure each is
2908 unique in the first 8 characters. Nested modules make this easier.
2912 Have you got it right?
2914 How do you know that you've made the right decisions? Have you
2915 picked an interface design that will cause problems later? Have
2916 you picked the most appropriate name? Do you have any questions?
2918 The best way to know for sure, and pick up many helpful suggestions,
2919 is to ask someone who knows. Comp.lang.perl.misc is read by just about
2920 all the people who develop modules and it's the best place to ask.
2922 All you need to do is post a short summary of the module, its
2923 purpose and interfaces. A few lines on each of the main methods is
2924 probably enough. (If you post the whole module it might be ignored
2925 by busy people - generally the very people you want to read it!)
2927 Don't worry about posting if you can't say when the module will be
2928 ready - just say so in the message. It might be worth inviting
2929 others to help you, they may be able to complete it for you!
2933 README and other Additional Files.
2935 It's well known that software developers usually fully document the
2936 software they write. If, however, the world is in urgent need of
2937 your software and there is not enough time to write the full
2938 documentation please at least provide a README file containing:
2944 A description of the module/package/extension etc.
2948 A copyright notice - see below.
2952 Prerequisites - what else you may need to have.
2956 How to build it - possible changes to Makefile.PL etc.
2964 Recent changes in this release, especially incompatibilities
2968 Changes / enhancements you plan to make in the future.
2972 If the README file seems to be getting too large you may wish to
2973 split out some of the sections into separate files: INSTALL,
2980 Adding a Copyright Notice.
2982 How you choose to license your work is a personal decision.
2983 The general mechanism is to assert your Copyright and then make
2984 a declaration of how others may copy/use/modify your work.
2986 Perl, for example, is supplied with two types of licence: The GNU GPL
2987 and The Artistic Licence (see the files README, Copying, and Artistic,
2988 or L<perlgpl> and L<perlartistic>). Larry has good reasons for NOT
2989 just using the GNU GPL.
2991 My personal recommendation, out of respect for Larry, Perl, and the
2992 Perl community at large is to state something simply like:
2994 Copyright (c) 1995 Your Name. All rights reserved.
2995 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
2996 modify it under the same terms as Perl itself.
2998 This statement should at least appear in the README file. You may
2999 also wish to include it in a Copying file and your source files.
3000 Remember to include the other words in addition to the Copyright.
3004 Give the module a version/issue/release number.
3006 To be fully compatible with the Exporter and MakeMaker modules you
3007 should store your module's version number in a non-my package
3008 variable called $VERSION. This should be a floating point
3009 number with at least two digits after the decimal (i.e., hundredths,
3010 e.g, C<$VERSION = "0.01">). Don't use a "1.3.2" style version.
3011 See L<Exporter> for details.
3013 It may be handy to add a function or method to retrieve the number.
3014 Use the number in announcements and archive file names when
3015 releasing the module (ModuleName-1.02.tar.Z).
3016 See perldoc ExtUtils::MakeMaker.pm for details.
3020 How to release and distribute a module.
3022 It's good idea to post an announcement of the availability of your
3023 module (or the module itself if small) to the comp.lang.perl.announce
3024 Usenet newsgroup. This will at least ensure very wide once-off
3027 If possible, register the module with CPAN. You should
3028 include details of its location in your announcement.
3030 Some notes about ftp archives: Please use a long descriptive file
3031 name that includes the version number. Most incoming directories
3032 will not be readable/listable, i.e., you won't be able to see your
3033 file after uploading it. Remember to send your email notification
3034 message as soon as possible after uploading else your file may get
3035 deleted automatically. Allow time for the file to be processed
3036 and/or check the file has been processed before announcing its
3039 FTP Archives for Perl Modules:
3041 Follow the instructions and links on:
3043 http://www.cpan.org/modules/00modlist.long.html
3044 http://www.cpan.org/modules/04pause.html
3046 or upload to one of these sites:
3048 https://pause.kbx.de/pause/
3049 http://pause.perl.org/pause/
3051 and notify <modules@perl.org>.
3053 By using the WWW interface you can ask the Upload Server to mirror
3054 your modules from your ftp or WWW site into your own directory on
3057 Please remember to send me an updated entry for the Module list!
3061 Take care when changing a released module.
3063 Always strive to remain compatible with previous released versions.
3064 Otherwise try to add a mechanism to revert to the
3065 old behavior if people rely on it. Document incompatible changes.
3071 =head2 Guidelines for Converting Perl 4 Library Scripts into Modules
3077 There is no requirement to convert anything.
3079 If it ain't broke, don't fix it! Perl 4 library scripts should
3080 continue to work with no problems. You may need to make some minor
3081 changes (like escaping non-array @'s in double quoted strings) but
3082 there is no need to convert a .pl file into a Module for just that.
3086 Consider the implications.
3088 All Perl applications that make use of the script will need to
3089 be changed (slightly) if the script is converted into a module. Is
3090 it worth it unless you plan to make other changes at the same time?
3094 Make the most of the opportunity.
3096 If you are going to convert the script to a module you can use the
3097 opportunity to redesign the interface. The guidelines for module
3098 creation above include many of the issues you should consider.
3102 The pl2pm utility will get you started.
3104 This utility will read *.pl files (given as parameters) and write
3105 corresponding *.pm files. The pl2pm utilities does the following:
3111 Adds the standard Module prologue lines
3115 Converts package specifiers from ' to ::
3119 Converts die(...) to croak(...)
3123 Several other minor changes
3127 Being a mechanical process pl2pm is not bullet proof. The converted
3128 code will need careful checking, especially any package statements.
3129 Don't delete the original .pl file till the new .pm one works!
3133 =head2 Guidelines for Reusing Application Code
3139 Complete applications rarely belong in the Perl Module Library.
3143 Many applications contain some Perl code that could be reused.
3145 Help save the world! Share your code in a form that makes it easy
3150 Break-out the reusable code into one or more separate module files.
3154 Take the opportunity to reconsider and redesign the interfaces.
3158 In some cases the 'application' can then be reduced to a small
3160 fragment of code built on top of the reusable modules. In these cases
3161 the application could invoked as:
3163 % perl -e 'use Module::Name; method(@ARGV)' ...
3165 % perl -mModule::Name ... (in perl5.002 or higher)
3171 Perl does not enforce private and public parts of its modules as you may
3172 have been used to in other languages like C++, Ada, or Modula-17. Perl
3173 doesn't have an infatuation with enforced privacy. It would prefer
3174 that you stayed out of its living room because you weren't invited, not
3175 because it has a shotgun.
3177 The module and its user have a contract, part of which is common law,
3178 and part of which is "written". Part of the common law contract is
3179 that a module doesn't pollute any namespace it wasn't asked to. The
3180 written contract for the module (A.K.A. documentation) may make other
3181 provisions. But then you know when you C<use RedefineTheWorld> that
3182 you're redefining the world and willing to take the consequences.