3 perldiag - various Perl diagnostics
7 These messages are classified as follows (listed in increasing order of
10 (W) A warning (optional).
11 (D) A deprecation (optional).
12 (S) A severe warning (mandatory).
13 (F) A fatal error (trappable).
14 (P) An internal error you should never see (trappable).
15 (X) A very fatal error (nontrappable).
16 (A) An alien error message (not generated by Perl).
18 Optional warnings are enabled by using the B<-w> switch. Warnings may
19 be captured by setting C<$SIG{__WARN__}> to a reference to a routine that
20 will be called on each warning instead of printing it. See L<perlvar>.
21 Trappable errors may be trapped using the eval operator. See
24 Some of these messages are generic. Spots that vary are denoted with a %s,
25 just as in a printf format. Note that some messages start with a %s!
26 The symbols C<"%(-?@> sort before the letters, while C<[> and C<\> sort after.
30 =item "my" variable %s can't be in a package
32 (F) Lexically scoped variables aren't in a package, so it doesn't make sense
33 to try to declare one with a package qualifier on the front. Use local()
34 if you want to localize a package variable.
36 =item "my" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same scope
38 (W) A lexical variable has been redeclared in the same scope, effectively
39 eliminating all access to the previous instance. This is almost always
40 a typographical error. Note that the earlier variable will still exist
41 until the end of the scope or until all closure referents to it are
44 =item "no" not allowed in expression
46 (F) The "no" keyword is recognized and executed at compile time, and returns
47 no useful value. See L<perlmod>.
49 =item "use" not allowed in expression
51 (F) The "use" keyword is recognized and executed at compile time, and returns
52 no useful value. See L<perlmod>.
54 =item % may only be used in unpack
56 (F) You can't pack a string by supplying a checksum, because the
57 checksumming process loses information, and you can't go the other
58 way. See L<perlfunc/unpack>.
60 =item %s (...) interpreted as function
62 (W) You've run afoul of the rule that says that any list operator followed
63 by parentheses turns into a function, with all the list operators arguments
64 found inside the parentheses. See L<perlop/Terms and List Operators (Leftward)>.
66 =item %s argument is not a HASH element
68 (F) The argument to exists() must be a hash element, such as
73 =item %s argument is not a HASH element or slice
75 (F) The argument to delete() must be either a hash element, such as
80 or a hash slice, such as
82 @foo{$bar, $baz, $xyzzy}
83 @{$ref->[12]}{"susie", "queue"}
85 =item %s did not return a true value
87 (F) A required (or used) file must return a true value to indicate that
88 it compiled correctly and ran its initialization code correctly. It's
89 traditional to end such a file with a "1;", though any true value would
90 do. See L<perlfunc/require>.
92 =item %s found where operator expected
94 (S) The Perl lexer knows whether to expect a term or an operator. If it
95 sees what it knows to be a term when it was expecting to see an operator,
96 it gives you this warning. Usually it indicates that an operator or
97 delimiter was omitted, such as a semicolon.
99 =item %s had compilation errors
101 (F) The final summary message when a C<perl -c> fails.
103 =item %s has too many errors
105 (F) The parser has given up trying to parse the program after 10 errors.
106 Further error messages would likely be uninformative.
108 =item %s matches null string many times
110 (W) The pattern you've specified would be an infinite loop if the
111 regular expression engine didn't specifically check for that. See L<perlre>.
113 =item %s never introduced
115 (S) The symbol in question was declared but somehow went out of scope
116 before it could possibly have been used.
120 (F) The final summary message when a C<perl -c> succeeds.
122 =item %s: Command not found
124 (A) You've accidentally run your script through B<csh> instead
125 of Perl. Check the #! line, or manually feed your script into
128 =item %s: Expression syntax
130 (A) You've accidentally run your script through B<csh> instead
131 of Perl. Check the #! line, or manually feed your script into
134 =item %s: Undefined variable
136 (A) You've accidentally run your script through B<csh> instead
137 of Perl. Check the #! line, or manually feed your script into
142 (A) You've accidentally run your script through the Bourne shell
143 instead of Perl. Check the #! line, or manually feed your script
146 =item (Missing semicolon on previous line?)
148 (S) This is an educated guess made in conjunction with the message "%s
149 found where operator expected". Don't automatically put a semicolon on
150 the previous line just because you saw this message.
152 =item B<-P> not allowed for setuid/setgid script
154 (F) The script would have to be opened by the C preprocessor by name,
155 which provides a race condition that breaks security.
157 =item C<-T> and C<-B> not implemented on filehandles
159 (F) Perl can't peek at the stdio buffer of filehandles when it doesn't
160 know about your kind of stdio. You'll have to use a filename instead.
162 =item C<-p> destination: %s
164 (F) An error occurred during the implicit output invoked by the C<-p>
165 command-line switch. (This output goes to STDOUT unless you've
166 redirected it with select().)
168 =item 500 Server error
172 =item ?+* follows nothing in regexp
174 (F) You started a regular expression with a quantifier. Backslash it
175 if you meant it literally. See L<perlre>.
177 =item @ outside of string
179 (F) You had a pack template that specified an absolute position outside
180 the string being unpacked. See L<perlfunc/pack>.
182 =item accept() on closed fd
184 (W) You tried to do an accept on a closed socket. Did you forget to check
185 the return value of your socket() call? See L<perlfunc/accept>.
187 =item Allocation too large: %lx
189 (X) You can't allocate more than 64K on an MS-DOS machine.
191 =item Applying %s to %s will act on scalar(%s)
193 (W) The pattern match (//), substitution (s///), and transliteration (tr///)
194 operators work on scalar values. If you apply one of them to an array
195 or a hash, it will convert the array or hash to a scalar value -- the
196 length of an array, or the population info of a hash -- and then work on
197 that scalar value. This is probably not what you meant to do. See
198 L<perlfunc/grep> and L<perlfunc/map> for alternatives.
200 =item Arg too short for msgsnd
202 (F) msgsnd() requires a string at least as long as sizeof(long).
204 =item Ambiguous use of %s resolved as %s
206 (W)(S) You said something that may not be interpreted the way
207 you thought. Normally it's pretty easy to disambiguate it by supplying
208 a missing quote, operator, parenthesis pair or declaration.
210 =item Ambiguous call resolved as CORE::%s(), qualify as such or use &
212 (W) A subroutine you have declared has the same name as a Perl keyword,
213 and you have used the name without qualification for calling one or the
214 other. Perl decided to call the builtin because the subroutine is
217 To force interpretation as a subroutine call, either put an ampersand
218 before the subroutine name, or qualify the name with its package.
219 Alternatively, you can import the subroutine (or pretend that it's
220 imported with the C<use subs> pragma).
222 To silently interpret it as the Perl operator, use the C<CORE::> prefix
223 on the operator (e.g. C<CORE::log($x)>) or by declaring the subroutine
224 to be an object method (see L<attrs>).
226 =item Args must match #! line
228 (F) The setuid emulator requires that the arguments Perl was invoked
229 with match the arguments specified on the #! line. Since some systems
230 impose a one-argument limit on the #! line, try combining switches;
231 for example, turn C<-w -U> into C<-wU>.
233 =item Argument "%s" isn't numeric%s
235 (W) The indicated string was fed as an argument to an operator that
236 expected a numeric value instead. If you're fortunate the message
237 will identify which operator was so unfortunate.
239 =item Array @%s missing the @ in argument %d of %s()
241 (D) Really old Perl let you omit the @ on array names in some spots. This
242 is now heavily deprecated.
244 =item assertion botched: %s
246 (P) The malloc package that comes with Perl had an internal failure.
248 =item Assertion failed: file "%s"
250 (P) A general assertion failed. The file in question must be examined.
252 =item Assignment to both a list and a scalar
254 (F) If you assign to a conditional operator, the 2nd and 3rd arguments
255 must either both be scalars or both be lists. Otherwise Perl won't
256 know which context to supply to the right side.
258 =item Attempt to free non-arena SV: 0x%lx
260 (P) All SV objects are supposed to be allocated from arenas that will
261 be garbage collected on exit. An SV was discovered to be outside any
264 =item Attempt to free nonexistent shared string
266 (P) Perl maintains a reference counted internal table of strings to
267 optimize the storage and access of hash keys and other strings. This
268 indicates someone tried to decrement the reference count of a string
269 that can no longer be found in the table.
271 =item Attempt to free temp prematurely
273 (W) Mortalized values are supposed to be freed by the free_tmps()
274 routine. This indicates that something else is freeing the SV before
275 the free_tmps() routine gets a chance, which means that the free_tmps()
276 routine will be freeing an unreferenced scalar when it does try to free
279 =item Attempt to free unreferenced glob pointers
281 (P) The reference counts got screwed up on symbol aliases.
283 =item Attempt to free unreferenced scalar
285 (W) Perl went to decrement the reference count of a scalar to see if it
286 would go to 0, and discovered that it had already gone to 0 earlier,
287 and should have been freed, and in fact, probably was freed. This
288 could indicate that SvREFCNT_dec() was called too many times, or that
289 SvREFCNT_inc() was called too few times, or that the SV was mortalized
290 when it shouldn't have been, or that memory has been corrupted.
292 =item Attempt to pack pointer to temporary value
294 (W) You tried to pass a temporary value (like the result of a
295 function, or a computed expression) to the "p" pack() template. This
296 means the result contains a pointer to a location that could become
297 invalid anytime, even before the end of the current statement. Use
298 literals or global values as arguments to the "p" pack() template to
301 =item Attempt to use reference as lvalue in substr
303 (W) You supplied a reference as the first argument to substr() used
304 as an lvalue, which is pretty strange. Perhaps you forgot to
305 dereference it first. See L<perlfunc/substr>.
307 =item Bad arg length for %s, is %d, should be %d
309 (F) You passed a buffer of the wrong size to one of msgctl(), semctl() or
310 shmctl(). In C parlance, the correct sizes are, respectively,
311 S<sizeof(struct msqid_ds *)>, S<sizeof(struct semid_ds *)>, and
312 S<sizeof(struct shmid_ds *)>.
314 =item Bad filehandle: %s
316 (F) A symbol was passed to something wanting a filehandle, but the symbol
317 has no filehandle associated with it. Perhaps you didn't do an open(), or
318 did it in another package.
320 =item Bad free() ignored
322 (S) An internal routine called free() on something that had never been
323 malloc()ed in the first place. Mandatory, but can be disabled by
324 setting environment variable C<PERL_BADFREE> to 1.
326 This message can be quite often seen with DB_File on systems with
327 "hard" dynamic linking, like C<AIX> and C<OS/2>. It is a bug of
328 C<Berkeley DB> which is left unnoticed if C<DB> uses I<forgiving>
333 (P) One of the internal hash routines was passed a null HV pointer.
335 =item Bad index while coercing array into hash
337 (F) The index looked up in the hash found as the 0'th element of a
338 pseudo-hash is not legal. Index values must be at 1 or greater.
341 =item Bad name after %s::
343 (F) You started to name a symbol by using a package prefix, and then didn't
344 finish the symbol. In particular, you can't interpolate outside of quotes,
353 $sym = "mypack::$var";
355 =item Bad symbol for array
357 (P) An internal request asked to add an array entry to something that
358 wasn't a symbol table entry.
360 =item Bad symbol for filehandle
362 (P) An internal request asked to add a filehandle entry to something that
363 wasn't a symbol table entry.
365 =item Bad symbol for hash
367 (P) An internal request asked to add a hash entry to something that
368 wasn't a symbol table entry.
370 =item Badly placed ()'s
372 (A) You've accidentally run your script through B<csh> instead
373 of Perl. Check the #! line, or manually feed your script into
376 =item Bareword "%s" not allowed while "strict subs" in use
378 (F) With "strict subs" in use, a bareword is only allowed as a
379 subroutine identifier, in curly braces or to the left of the "=>" symbol.
380 Perhaps you need to predeclare a subroutine?
382 =item Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent package
384 (W) You used a qualified bareword of the form C<Foo::>, but
385 the compiler saw no other uses of that namespace before that point.
386 Perhaps you need to predeclare a package?
388 =item BEGIN failed--compilation aborted
390 (F) An untrapped exception was raised while executing a BEGIN subroutine.
391 Compilation stops immediately and the interpreter is exited.
393 =item BEGIN not safe after errors--compilation aborted
395 (F) Perl found a C<BEGIN {}> subroutine (or a C<use> directive, which
396 implies a C<BEGIN {}>) after one or more compilation errors had
397 already occurred. Since the intended environment for the C<BEGIN {}>
398 could not be guaranteed (due to the errors), and since subsequent code
399 likely depends on its correct operation, Perl just gave up.
401 =item bind() on closed fd
403 (W) You tried to do a bind on a closed socket. Did you forget to check
404 the return value of your socket() call? See L<perlfunc/bind>.
406 =item Bizarre copy of %s in %s
408 (P) Perl detected an attempt to copy an internal value that is not copiable.
410 =item Callback called exit
412 (F) A subroutine invoked from an external package via perl_call_sv()
413 exited by calling exit.
415 =item Can't "goto" outside a block
417 (F) A "goto" statement was executed to jump out of what might look
418 like a block, except that it isn't a proper block. This usually
419 occurs if you tried to jump out of a sort() block or subroutine, which
420 is a no-no. See L<perlfunc/goto>.
422 =item Can't "goto" into the middle of a foreach loop
424 (F) A "goto" statement was executed to jump into the middle of a
425 foreach loop. You can't get there from here. See L<perlfunc/goto>.
427 =item Can't "last" outside a block
429 (F) A "last" statement was executed to break out of the current block,
430 except that there's this itty bitty problem called there isn't a
431 current block. Note that an "if" or "else" block doesn't count as a
432 "loopish" block, as doesn't a block given to sort(). You can usually double
433 the curlies to get the same effect though, because the inner curlies
434 will be considered a block that loops once. See L<perlfunc/last>.
436 =item Can't "next" outside a block
438 (F) A "next" statement was executed to reiterate the current block, but
439 there isn't a current block. Note that an "if" or "else" block doesn't
440 count as a "loopish" block, as doesn't a block given to sort(). You can
441 usually double the curlies to get the same effect though, because the inner
442 curlies will be considered a block that loops once. See L<perlfunc/next>.
444 =item Can't "redo" outside a block
446 (F) A "redo" statement was executed to restart the current block, but
447 there isn't a current block. Note that an "if" or "else" block doesn't
448 count as a "loopish" block, as doesn't a block given to sort(). You can
449 usually double the curlies to get the same effect though, because the inner
450 curlies will be considered a block that loops once. See L<perlfunc/redo>.
452 =item Can't bless non-reference value
454 (F) Only hard references may be blessed. This is how Perl "enforces"
455 encapsulation of objects. See L<perlobj>.
457 =item Can't break at that line
459 (S) A warning intended to only be printed while running within the debugger, indicating
460 the line number specified wasn't the location of a statement that could
463 =item Can't call method "%s" in empty package "%s"
465 (F) You called a method correctly, and it correctly indicated a package
466 functioning as a class, but that package doesn't have ANYTHING defined
467 in it, let alone methods. See L<perlobj>.
469 =item Can't call method "%s" on unblessed reference
471 (F) A method call must know in what package it's supposed to run. It
472 ordinarily finds this out from the object reference you supply, but
473 you didn't supply an object reference in this case. A reference isn't
474 an object reference until it has been blessed. See L<perlobj>.
476 =item Can't call method "%s" without a package or object reference
478 (F) You used the syntax of a method call, but the slot filled by the
479 object reference or package name contains an expression that returns
480 neither an object reference nor a package name. (Perhaps it's null?)
481 Something like this will reproduce the error:
484 process $BADREF 1,2,3;
485 $BADREF->process(1,2,3);
487 =item Can't chdir to %s
489 (F) You called C<perl -x/foo/bar>, but C</foo/bar> is not a directory
490 that you can chdir to, possibly because it doesn't exist.
492 =item Can't coerce %s to integer in %s
494 (F) Certain types of SVs, in particular real symbol table entries
495 (typeglobs), can't be forced to stop being what they are. So you can't
505 but then $foo no longer contains a glob.
507 =item Can't coerce %s to number in %s
509 (F) Certain types of SVs, in particular real symbol table entries
510 (typeglobs), can't be forced to stop being what they are.
512 =item Can't coerce %s to string in %s
514 (F) Certain types of SVs, in particular real symbol table entries
515 (typeglobs), can't be forced to stop being what they are.
517 =item Can't coerce array into hash
519 (F) You used an array where a hash was expected, but the array has no
520 information on how to map from keys to array indices. You can do that
521 only with arrays that have a hash reference at index 0.
523 =item Can't create pipe mailbox
525 (P) An error peculiar to VMS. The process is suffering from exhausted quotas
526 or other plumbing problems.
528 =item Can't declare %s in my
530 (F) Only scalar, array, and hash variables may be declared as lexical variables.
531 They must have ordinary identifiers as names.
533 =item Can't do inplace edit on %s: %s
535 (S) The creation of the new file failed for the indicated reason.
537 =item Can't do inplace edit without backup
539 (F) You're on a system such as MS-DOS that gets confused if you try reading
540 from a deleted (but still opened) file. You have to say C<-i.bak>, or some
543 =item Can't do inplace edit: %s E<gt> 14 characters
545 (S) There isn't enough room in the filename to make a backup name for the file.
547 =item Can't do inplace edit: %s is not a regular file
549 (S) You tried to use the B<-i> switch on a special file, such as a file in
550 /dev, or a FIFO. The file was ignored.
552 =item Can't do setegid!
554 (P) The setegid() call failed for some reason in the setuid emulator
557 =item Can't do seteuid!
559 (P) The setuid emulator of suidperl failed for some reason.
561 =item Can't do setuid
563 (F) This typically means that ordinary perl tried to exec suidperl to
564 do setuid emulation, but couldn't exec it. It looks for a name of the
565 form sperl5.000 in the same directory that the perl executable resides
566 under the name perl5.000, typically /usr/local/bin on Unix machines.
567 If the file is there, check the execute permissions. If it isn't, ask
568 your sysadmin why he and/or she removed it.
570 =item Can't do waitpid with flags
572 (F) This machine doesn't have either waitpid() or wait4(), so only waitpid()
573 without flags is emulated.
575 =item Can't do {n,m} with n E<gt> m
577 (F) Minima must be less than or equal to maxima. If you really want
578 your regexp to match something 0 times, just put {0}. See L<perlre>.
580 =item Can't emulate -%s on #! line
582 (F) The #! line specifies a switch that doesn't make sense at this point.
583 For example, it'd be kind of silly to put a B<-x> on the #! line.
585 =item Can't exec "%s": %s
587 (W) An system(), exec(), or piped open call could not execute the named
588 program for the indicated reason. Typical reasons include: the permissions
589 were wrong on the file, the file wasn't found in C<$ENV{PATH}>, the
590 executable in question was compiled for another architecture, or the
591 #! line in a script points to an interpreter that can't be run for
592 similar reasons. (Or maybe your system doesn't support #! at all.)
596 (F) Perl was trying to execute the indicated program for you because that's
597 what the #! line said. If that's not what you wanted, you may need to
598 mention "perl" on the #! line somewhere.
600 =item Can't execute %s
602 (F) You used the B<-S> switch, but the copies of the script to execute found
603 in the PATH did not have correct permissions.
605 =item Can't find %s on PATH, '.' not in PATH
607 (F) You used the B<-S> switch, but the script to execute could not be found
608 in the PATH, or at least not with the correct permissions. The script
609 exists in the current directory, but PATH prohibits running it.
611 =item Can't find %s on PATH
613 (F) You used the B<-S> switch, but the script to execute could not be found
616 =item Can't find label %s
618 (F) You said to goto a label that isn't mentioned anywhere that it's possible
619 for us to go to. See L<perlfunc/goto>.
621 =item Can't find string terminator %s anywhere before EOF
623 (F) Perl strings can stretch over multiple lines. This message means that
624 the closing delimiter was omitted. Because bracketed quotes count nesting
625 levels, the following is missing its final parenthesis:
627 print q(The character '(' starts a side comment.);
629 If you're getting this error from a here-document, you may have
630 included unseen whitespace before or after your closing tag. A good
631 programmer's editor will have a way to help you find these characters.
635 (F) A fatal error occurred while trying to fork while opening a pipeline.
637 =item Can't get filespec - stale stat buffer?
639 (S) A warning peculiar to VMS. This arises because of the difference between
640 access checks under VMS and under the Unix model Perl assumes. Under VMS,
641 access checks are done by filename, rather than by bits in the stat buffer, so
642 that ACLs and other protections can be taken into account. Unfortunately, Perl
643 assumes that the stat buffer contains all the necessary information, and passes
644 it, instead of the filespec, to the access checking routine. It will try to
645 retrieve the filespec using the device name and FID present in the stat buffer,
646 but this works only if you haven't made a subsequent call to the CRTL stat()
647 routine, because the device name is overwritten with each call. If this warning
648 appears, the name lookup failed, and the access checking routine gave up and
649 returned FALSE, just to be conservative. (Note: The access checking routine
650 knows about the Perl C<stat> operator and file tests, so you shouldn't ever
651 see this warning in response to a Perl command; it arises only if some internal
652 code takes stat buffers lightly.)
654 =item Can't get pipe mailbox device name
656 (P) An error peculiar to VMS. After creating a mailbox to act as a pipe, Perl
657 can't retrieve its name for later use.
659 =item Can't get SYSGEN parameter value for MAXBUF
661 (P) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl asked $GETSYI how big you want your
662 mailbox buffers to be, and didn't get an answer.
664 =item Can't goto subroutine outside a subroutine
666 (F) The deeply magical "goto subroutine" call can only replace one subroutine
667 call for another. It can't manufacture one out of whole cloth. In general
668 you should be calling it out of only an AUTOLOAD routine anyway. See
671 =item Can't goto subroutine from an eval-string
673 (F) The "goto subroutine" call can't be used to jump out of an eval "string".
674 (You can use it to jump out of an eval {BLOCK}, but you probably don't want to.)
676 =item Can't localize through a reference
678 (F) You said something like C<local $$ref>, which Perl can't currently
679 handle, because when it goes to restore the old value of whatever $ref
680 pointed to after the scope of the local() is finished, it can't be
681 sure that $ref will still be a reference.
683 =item Can't localize lexical variable %s
685 (F) You used local on a variable name that was previously declared as a
686 lexical variable using "my". This is not allowed. If you want to
687 localize a package variable of the same name, qualify it with the
690 =item Can't locate auto/%s.al in @INC
692 (F) A function (or method) was called in a package which allows autoload,
693 but there is no function to autoload. Most probable causes are a misprint
694 in a function/method name or a failure to C<AutoSplit> the file, say, by
695 doing C<make install>.
697 =item Can't locate %s in @INC
699 (F) You said to do (or require, or use) a file that couldn't be found
700 in any of the libraries mentioned in @INC. Perhaps you need to set the
701 PERL5LIB or PERL5OPT environment variable to say where the extra library
702 is, or maybe the script needs to add the library name to @INC. Or maybe
703 you just misspelled the name of the file. See L<perlfunc/require>.
705 =item Can't locate object method "%s" via package "%s"
707 (F) You called a method correctly, and it correctly indicated a package
708 functioning as a class, but that package doesn't define that particular
709 method, nor does any of its base classes. See L<perlobj>.
711 =item Can't locate package %s for @%s::ISA
713 (W) The @ISA array contained the name of another package that doesn't seem
716 =item Can't make list assignment to \%ENV on this system
718 (F) List assignment to %ENV is not supported on some systems, notably VMS.
720 =item Can't modify %s in %s
722 (F) You aren't allowed to assign to the item indicated, or otherwise try to
723 change it, such as with an auto-increment.
725 =item Can't modify nonexistent substring
727 (P) The internal routine that does assignment to a substr() was handed
730 =item Can't msgrcv to read-only var
732 (F) The target of a msgrcv must be modifiable to be used as a receive
735 =item Can't open %s: %s
737 (S) The implicit opening of a file through use of the C<E<lt>E<gt>>
738 filehandle, either implicitly under the C<-n> or C<-p> command-line
739 switches, or explicitly, failed for the indicated reason. Usually this
740 is because you don't have read permission for a file which you named
743 =item Can't open bidirectional pipe
745 (W) You tried to say C<open(CMD, "|cmd|")>, which is not supported. You can
746 try any of several modules in the Perl library to do this, such as
747 IPC::Open2. Alternately, direct the pipe's output to a file using "E<gt>",
748 and then read it in under a different file handle.
750 =item Can't open error file %s as stderr
752 (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl does its own command line redirection, and
753 couldn't open the file specified after '2E<gt>' or '2E<gt>E<gt>' on the
754 command line for writing.
756 =item Can't open input file %s as stdin
758 (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl does its own command line redirection, and
759 couldn't open the file specified after 'E<lt>' on the command line for reading.
761 =item Can't open output file %s as stdout
763 (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl does its own command line redirection, and
764 couldn't open the file specified after 'E<gt>' or 'E<gt>E<gt>' on the command
767 =item Can't open output pipe (name: %s)
769 (P) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl does its own command line redirection, and
770 couldn't open the pipe into which to send data destined for stdout.
772 =item Can't open perl script "%s": %s
774 (F) The script you specified can't be opened for the indicated reason.
776 =item Can't redefine active sort subroutine %s
778 (F) Perl optimizes the internal handling of sort subroutines and keeps
779 pointers into them. You tried to redefine one such sort subroutine when it
780 was currently active, which is not allowed. If you really want to do
781 this, you should write C<sort { &func } @x> instead of C<sort func @x>.
783 =item Can't rename %s to %s: %s, skipping file
785 (S) The rename done by the B<-i> switch failed for some reason, probably because
786 you don't have write permission to the directory.
788 =item Can't reopen input pipe (name: %s) in binary mode
790 (P) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl thought stdin was a pipe, and tried to
791 reopen it to accept binary data. Alas, it failed.
793 =item Can't reswap uid and euid
795 (P) The setreuid() call failed for some reason in the setuid emulator
798 =item Can't return outside a subroutine
800 (F) The return statement was executed in mainline code, that is, where
801 there was no subroutine call to return out of. See L<perlsub>.
803 =item Can't stat script "%s"
805 (P) For some reason you can't fstat() the script even though you have
806 it open already. Bizarre.
808 =item Can't swap uid and euid
810 (P) The setreuid() call failed for some reason in the setuid emulator
813 =item Can't take log of %g
815 (F) For ordinary real numbers, you can't take the logarithm of a
816 negative number or zero. There's a Math::Complex package that comes
817 standard with Perl, though, if you really want to do that for
818 the negative numbers.
820 =item Can't take sqrt of %g
822 (F) For ordinary real numbers, you can't take the square root of a
823 negative number. There's a Math::Complex package that comes standard
824 with Perl, though, if you really want to do that.
826 =item Can't undef active subroutine
828 (F) You can't undefine a routine that's currently running. You can,
829 however, redefine it while it's running, and you can even undef the
830 redefined subroutine while the old routine is running. Go figure.
834 (F) You tried to unshift an "unreal" array that can't be unshifted, such
835 as the main Perl stack.
837 =item Can't upgrade that kind of scalar
839 (P) The internal sv_upgrade routine adds "members" to an SV, making
840 it into a more specialized kind of SV. The top several SV types are
841 so specialized, however, that they cannot be interconverted. This
842 message indicates that such a conversion was attempted.
844 =item Can't upgrade to undef
846 (P) The undefined SV is the bottom of the totem pole, in the scheme
847 of upgradability. Upgrading to undef indicates an error in the
848 code calling sv_upgrade.
850 =item Can't use %%! because Errno.pm is not available
852 (F) The first time the %! hash is used, perl automatically loads the
853 Errno.pm module. The Errno module is expected to tie the %! hash to
854 provide symbolic names for C<$!> errno values.
856 =item Can't use "my %s" in sort comparison
858 (F) The global variables $a and $b are reserved for sort comparisons.
859 You mentioned $a or $b in the same line as the E<lt>=E<gt> or cmp operator,
860 and the variable had earlier been declared as a lexical variable.
861 Either qualify the sort variable with the package name, or rename the
864 =item Can't use %s for loop variable
866 (F) Only a simple scalar variable may be used as a loop variable on a foreach.
868 =item Can't use %s ref as %s ref
870 (F) You've mixed up your reference types. You have to dereference a
871 reference of the type needed. You can use the ref() function to
872 test the type of the reference, if need be.
874 =item Can't use \1 to mean $1 in expression
876 (W) In an ordinary expression, backslash is a unary operator that creates
877 a reference to its argument. The use of backslash to indicate a backreference
878 to a matched substring is valid only as part of a regular expression pattern.
879 Trying to do this in ordinary Perl code produces a value that prints
880 out looking like SCALAR(0xdecaf). Use the $1 form instead.
882 =item Can't use bareword ("%s") as %s ref while \"strict refs\" in use
884 (F) Only hard references are allowed by "strict refs". Symbolic references
885 are disallowed. See L<perlref>.
887 =item Can't use string ("%s") as %s ref while "strict refs" in use
889 (F) Only hard references are allowed by "strict refs". Symbolic references
890 are disallowed. See L<perlref>.
892 =item Can't use an undefined value as %s reference
894 (F) A value used as either a hard reference or a symbolic reference must
895 be a defined value. This helps to delurk some insidious errors.
897 =item Can't use global %s in "my"
899 (F) You tried to declare a magical variable as a lexical variable. This is
900 not allowed, because the magic can be tied to only one location (namely
901 the global variable) and it would be incredibly confusing to have
902 variables in your program that looked like magical variables but
905 =item Can't use subscript on %s
907 (F) The compiler tried to interpret a bracketed expression as a
908 subscript. But to the left of the brackets was an expression that
909 didn't look like an array reference, or anything else subscriptable.
911 =item Can't x= to read-only value
913 (F) You tried to repeat a constant value (often the undefined value) with
914 an assignment operator, which implies modifying the value itself.
915 Perhaps you need to copy the value to a temporary, and repeat that.
917 =item Cannot find an opnumber for "%s"
919 (F) A string of a form C<CORE::word> was given to prototype(), but
920 there is no builtin with the name C<word>.
922 =item Cannot resolve method `%s' overloading `%s' in package `%s'
924 (F|P) Error resolving overloading specified by a method name (as
925 opposed to a subroutine reference): no such method callable via the
926 package. If method name is C<???>, this is an internal error.
928 =item Character class syntax [. .] is reserved for future extensions
930 (W) Within regular expression character classes ([]) the syntax beginning
931 with "[." and ending with ".]" is reserved for future extensions.
932 If you need to represent those character sequences inside a regular
933 expression character class, just quote the square brackets with the
934 backslash: "\[." and ".\]".
936 =item Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions
938 (W) Within regular expression character classes ([]) the syntax beginning
939 with "[:" and ending with ":]" is reserved for future extensions.
940 If you need to represent those character sequences inside a regular
941 expression character class, just quote the square brackets with the
942 backslash: "\[:" and ":\]".
944 =item Character class syntax [= =] is reserved for future extensions
946 (W) Within regular expression character classes ([]) the syntax
947 beginning with "[=" and ending with "=]" is reserved for future extensions.
948 If you need to represent those character sequences inside a regular
949 expression character class, just quote the square brackets with the
950 backslash: "\[=" and "=\]".
952 =item chmod: mode argument is missing initial 0
954 (W) A novice will sometimes say
958 not realizing that 777 will be interpreted as a decimal number, equivalent
959 to 01411. Octal constants are introduced with a leading 0 in Perl, as in C.
961 =item Close on unopened file E<lt>%sE<gt>
963 (W) You tried to close a filehandle that was never opened.
965 =item Compilation failed in require
967 (F) Perl could not compile a file specified in a C<require> statement.
968 Perl uses this generic message when none of the errors that it encountered
969 were severe enough to halt compilation immediately.
971 =item connect() on closed fd
973 (W) You tried to do a connect on a closed socket. Did you forget to check
974 the return value of your socket() call? See L<perlfunc/connect>.
976 =item Constant subroutine %s redefined
978 (S) You redefined a subroutine which had previously been eligible for
979 inlining. See L<perlsub/"Constant Functions"> for commentary and
982 =item Constant subroutine %s undefined
984 (S) You undefined a subroutine which had previously been eligible for
985 inlining. See L<perlsub/"Constant Functions"> for commentary and
988 =item Copy method did not return a reference
990 (F) The method which overloads "=" is buggy. See L<overload/Copy Constructor>.
992 =item Corrupt malloc ptr 0x%lx at 0x%lx
994 (P) The malloc package that comes with Perl had an internal failure.
996 =item corrupted regexp pointers
998 (P) The regular expression engine got confused by what the regular
999 expression compiler gave it.
1001 =item corrupted regexp program
1003 (P) The regular expression engine got passed a regexp program without
1004 a valid magic number.
1006 =item Deep recursion on subroutine "%s"
1008 (W) This subroutine has called itself (directly or indirectly) 100
1009 times more than it has returned. This probably indicates an infinite
1010 recursion, unless you're writing strange benchmark programs, in which
1011 case it indicates something else.
1013 =item Delimiter for here document is too long
1015 (F) In a here document construct like C<E<lt>E<lt>FOO>, the label
1016 C<FOO> is too long for Perl to handle. You have to be seriously
1017 twisted to write code that triggers this error.
1019 =item Did you mean &%s instead?
1021 (W) You probably referred to an imported subroutine &FOO as $FOO or some such.
1023 =item Did you mean $ or @ instead of %?
1025 (W) You probably said %hash{$key} when you meant $hash{$key} or @hash{@keys}.
1026 On the other hand, maybe you just meant %hash and got carried away.
1030 (F) You passed die() an empty string (the equivalent of C<die "">) or
1031 you called it with no args and both C<$@> and C<$_> were empty.
1033 =item Do you need to predeclare %s?
1035 (S) This is an educated guess made in conjunction with the message "%s
1036 found where operator expected". It often means a subroutine or module
1037 name is being referenced that hasn't been declared yet. This may be
1038 because of ordering problems in your file, or because of a missing
1039 "sub", "package", "require", or "use" statement. If you're
1040 referencing something that isn't defined yet, you don't actually have
1041 to define the subroutine or package before the current location. You
1042 can use an empty "sub foo;" or "package FOO;" to enter a "forward"
1045 =item Don't know how to handle magic of type '%s'
1047 (P) The internal handling of magical variables has been cursed.
1049 =item do_study: out of memory
1051 (P) This should have been caught by safemalloc() instead.
1053 =item Duplicate free() ignored
1055 (S) An internal routine called free() on something that had already
1058 =item elseif should be elsif
1060 (S) There is no keyword "elseif" in Perl because Larry thinks it's
1061 ugly. Your code will be interpreted as an attempt to call a method
1062 named "elseif" for the class returned by the following block. This is
1063 unlikely to be what you want.
1065 =item END failed--cleanup aborted
1067 (F) An untrapped exception was raised while executing an END subroutine.
1068 The interpreter is immediately exited.
1070 =item Error converting file specification %s
1072 (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Because Perl may have to deal with file
1073 specifications in either VMS or Unix syntax, it converts them to a
1074 single form when it must operate on them directly. Either you've
1075 passed an invalid file specification to Perl, or you've found a
1076 case the conversion routines don't handle. Drat.
1078 =item %s: Eval-group in insecure regular expression
1080 (F) Perl detected tainted data when trying to compile a regular expression
1081 that contains the C<(?{ ... })> zero-width assertion, which is unsafe.
1082 See L<perlre/(?{ code })>, and L<perlsec>.
1084 =item %s: Eval-group not allowed, use re 'eval'
1086 (F) A regular expression contained the C<(?{ ... })> zero-width assertion,
1087 but that construct is only allowed when the C<use re 'eval'> pragma is
1088 in effect. See L<perlre/(?{ code })>.
1090 =item %s: Eval-group not allowed at run time
1092 (F) Perl tried to compile a regular expression containing the C<(?{ ... })>
1093 zero-width assertion at run time, as it would when the pattern contains
1094 interpolated values. Since that is a security risk, it is not allowed.
1095 If you insist, you may still do this by explicitly building the pattern
1096 from an interpolated string at run time and using that in an eval().
1097 See L<perlre/(?{ code })>.
1099 =item Excessively long <> operator
1101 (F) The contents of a <> operator may not exceed the maximum size of a
1102 Perl identifier. If you're just trying to glob a long list of
1103 filenames, try using the glob() operator, or put the filenames into a
1104 variable and glob that.
1106 =item Execution of %s aborted due to compilation errors
1108 (F) The final summary message when a Perl compilation fails.
1110 =item Exiting eval via %s
1112 (W) You are exiting an eval by unconventional means, such as
1113 a goto, or a loop control statement.
1115 =item Exiting pseudo-block via %s
1117 (W) You are exiting a rather special block construct (like a sort block or
1118 subroutine) by unconventional means, such as a goto, or a loop control
1119 statement. See L<perlfunc/sort>.
1121 =item Exiting subroutine via %s
1123 (W) You are exiting a subroutine by unconventional means, such as
1124 a goto, or a loop control statement.
1126 =item Exiting substitution via %s
1128 (W) You are exiting a substitution by unconventional means, such as
1129 a return, a goto, or a loop control statement.
1131 =item Explicit blessing to '' (assuming package main)
1133 (W) You are blessing a reference to a zero length string. This has
1134 the effect of blessing the reference into the package main. This is
1135 usually not what you want. Consider providing a default target
1136 package, e.g. bless($ref, $p or 'MyPackage');
1138 =item Fatal VMS error at %s, line %d
1140 (P) An error peculiar to VMS. Something untoward happened in a VMS system
1141 service or RTL routine; Perl's exit status should provide more details. The
1142 filename in "at %s" and the line number in "line %d" tell you which section of
1143 the Perl source code is distressed.
1145 =item fcntl is not implemented
1147 (F) Your machine apparently doesn't implement fcntl(). What is this, a
1148 PDP-11 or something?
1150 =item Filehandle %s never opened
1152 (W) An I/O operation was attempted on a filehandle that was never initialized.
1153 You need to do an open() or a socket() call, or call a constructor from
1154 the FileHandle package.
1156 =item Filehandle %s opened for only input
1158 (W) You tried to write on a read-only filehandle. If you
1159 intended it to be a read-write filehandle, you needed to open it with
1160 "+E<lt>" or "+E<gt>" or "+E<gt>E<gt>" instead of with "E<lt>" or nothing. If
1161 you intended only to write the file, use "E<gt>" or "E<gt>E<gt>". See
1164 =item Filehandle opened for only input
1166 (W) You tried to write on a read-only filehandle. If you
1167 intended it to be a read-write filehandle, you needed to open it with
1168 "+E<lt>" or "+E<gt>" or "+E<gt>E<gt>" instead of with "E<lt>" or nothing. If
1169 you intended only to write the file, use "E<gt>" or "E<gt>E<gt>". See
1172 =item Final $ should be \$ or $name
1174 (F) You must now decide whether the final $ in a string was meant to be
1175 a literal dollar sign, or was meant to introduce a variable name
1176 that happens to be missing. So you have to put either the backslash or
1179 =item Final @ should be \@ or @name
1181 (F) You must now decide whether the final @ in a string was meant to be
1182 a literal "at" sign, or was meant to introduce a variable name
1183 that happens to be missing. So you have to put either the backslash or
1186 =item Format %s redefined
1188 (W) You redefined a format. To suppress this warning, say
1192 eval "format NAME =...";
1195 =item Format not terminated
1197 (F) A format must be terminated by a line with a solitary dot. Perl got
1198 to the end of your file without finding such a line.
1200 =item Found = in conditional, should be ==
1210 (or something like that).
1212 =item gdbm store returned %d, errno %d, key "%s"
1214 (S) A warning from the GDBM_File extension that a store failed.
1216 =item gethostent not implemented
1218 (F) Your C library apparently doesn't implement gethostent(), probably
1219 because if it did, it'd feel morally obligated to return every hostname
1222 =item get{sock,peer}name() on closed fd
1224 (W) You tried to get a socket or peer socket name on a closed socket.
1225 Did you forget to check the return value of your socket() call?
1227 =item getpwnam returned invalid UIC %#o for user "%s"
1229 (S) A warning peculiar to VMS. The call to C<sys$getuai> underlying the
1230 C<getpwnam> operator returned an invalid UIC.
1233 =item Glob not terminated
1235 (F) The lexer saw a left angle bracket in a place where it was expecting
1236 a term, so it's looking for the corresponding right angle bracket, and not
1237 finding it. Chances are you left some needed parentheses out earlier in
1238 the line, and you really meant a "less than".
1240 =item Global symbol "%s" requires explicit package name
1242 (F) You've said "use strict vars", which indicates that all variables
1243 must either be lexically scoped (using "my"), or explicitly qualified to
1244 say which package the global variable is in (using "::").
1246 =item goto must have label
1248 (F) Unlike with "next" or "last", you're not allowed to goto an
1249 unspecified destination. See L<perlfunc/goto>.
1251 =item Had to create %s unexpectedly
1253 (S) A routine asked for a symbol from a symbol table that ought to have
1254 existed already, but for some reason it didn't, and had to be created on
1255 an emergency basis to prevent a core dump.
1257 =item Hash %%s missing the % in argument %d of %s()
1259 (D) Really old Perl let you omit the % on hash names in some spots. This
1260 is now heavily deprecated.
1262 =item Identifier too long
1264 (F) Perl limits identifiers (names for variables, functions, etc.) to
1265 about 250 characters for simple names, and somewhat more for compound
1266 names (like C<$A::B>). You've exceeded Perl's limits. Future
1267 versions of Perl are likely to eliminate these arbitrary limitations.
1269 =item Ill-formed logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter
1271 (W) A warning peculiar to VMS. A logical name was encountered when preparing
1272 to iterate over %ENV which violates the syntactic rules governing logical
1273 names. Because it cannot be translated normally, it is skipped, and will not
1274 appear in %ENV. This may be a benign occurrence, as some software packages
1275 might directly modify logical name tables and introduce nonstandard names,
1276 or it may indicate that a logical name table has been corrupted.
1278 =item Illegal character %s (carriage return)
1280 (F) A carriage return character was found in the input. This is an
1281 error, and not a warning, because carriage return characters can break
1282 multi-line strings, including here documents (e.g., C<print E<lt>E<lt>EOF;>).
1284 Under Unix, this error is usually caused by executing Perl code --
1285 either the main program, a module, or an eval'd string -- that was
1286 transferred over a network connection from a non-Unix system without
1287 properly converting the text file format.
1289 Under systems that use something other than '\n' to delimit lines of
1290 text, this error can also be caused by reading Perl code from a file
1291 handle that is in binary mode (as set by the C<binmode> operator).
1293 In either case, the Perl code in question will probably need to be
1294 converted with something like C<s/\x0D\x0A?/\n/g> before it can be
1297 =item Illegal division by zero
1299 (F) You tried to divide a number by 0. Either something was wrong in your
1300 logic, or you need to put a conditional in to guard against meaningless input.
1302 =item Illegal modulus zero
1304 (F) You tried to divide a number by 0 to get the remainder. Most numbers
1305 don't take to this kindly.
1307 =item Illegal octal digit
1309 (F) You used an 8 or 9 in a octal number.
1311 =item Illegal octal digit ignored
1313 (W) You may have tried to use an 8 or 9 in a octal number. Interpretation
1314 of the octal number stopped before the 8 or 9.
1316 =item Illegal hex digit ignored
1318 (W) You may have tried to use a character other than 0 - 9 or A - F in a
1319 hexadecimal number. Interpretation of the hexadecimal number stopped
1320 before the illegal character.
1322 =item Illegal switch in PERL5OPT: %s
1324 (X) The PERL5OPT environment variable may only be used to set the
1325 following switches: B<-[DIMUdmw]>.
1327 =item In string, @%s now must be written as \@%s
1329 (F) It used to be that Perl would try to guess whether you wanted an
1330 array interpolated or a literal @. It did this when the string was first
1331 used at runtime. Now strings are parsed at compile time, and ambiguous
1332 instances of @ must be disambiguated, either by prepending a backslash to
1333 indicate a literal, or by declaring (or using) the array within the
1334 program before the string (lexically). (Someday it will simply assume
1335 that an unbackslashed @ interpolates an array.)
1337 =item Insecure dependency in %s
1339 (F) You tried to do something that the tainting mechanism didn't like.
1340 The tainting mechanism is turned on when you're running setuid or setgid,
1341 or when you specify B<-T> to turn it on explicitly. The tainting mechanism
1342 labels all data that's derived directly or indirectly from the user,
1343 who is considered to be unworthy of your trust. If any such data is
1344 used in a "dangerous" operation, you get this error. See L<perlsec>
1345 for more information.
1347 =item Insecure directory in %s
1349 (F) You can't use system(), exec(), or a piped open in a setuid or setgid
1350 script if C<$ENV{PATH}> contains a directory that is writable by the world.
1353 =item Insecure $ENV{%s} while running %s
1355 (F) You can't use system(), exec(), or a piped open in a setuid or
1356 setgid script if any of C<$ENV{PATH}>, C<$ENV{IFS}>, C<$ENV{CDPATH}>,
1357 C<$ENV{ENV}> or C<$ENV{BASH_ENV}> are derived from data supplied (or
1358 potentially supplied) by the user. The script must set the path to a
1359 known value, using trustworthy data. See L<perlsec>.
1361 =item Integer overflow in hex number
1363 (S) The literal hex number you have specified is too big for your
1364 architecture. On a 32-bit architecture the largest hex literal is
1367 =item Integer overflow in octal number
1369 (S) The literal octal number you have specified is too big for your
1370 architecture. On a 32-bit architecture the largest octal literal is
1373 =item Internal inconsistency in tracking vforks
1375 (S) A warning peculiar to VMS. Perl keeps track of the number
1376 of times you've called C<fork> and C<exec>, to determine
1377 whether the current call to C<exec> should affect the current
1378 script or a subprocess (see L<perlvms/exec>). Somehow, this count
1379 has become scrambled, so Perl is making a guess and treating
1380 this C<exec> as a request to terminate the Perl script
1381 and execute the specified command.
1383 =item internal disaster in regexp
1385 (P) Something went badly wrong in the regular expression parser.
1387 =item internal error: glob failed
1389 (P) Something went wrong with the external program(s) used for C<glob>
1390 and C<E<lt>*.cE<gt>>. This may mean that your csh (C shell) is
1391 broken. If so, you should change all of the csh-related variables in
1392 config.sh: If you have tcsh, make the variables refer to it as if it
1393 were csh (e.g. C<full_csh='/usr/bin/tcsh'>); otherwise, make them all
1394 empty (except that C<d_csh> should be C<'undef'>) so that Perl will
1395 think csh is missing. In either case, after editing config.sh, run
1396 C<./Configure -S> and rebuild Perl.
1398 =item internal urp in regexp at /%s/
1400 (P) Something went badly awry in the regular expression parser.
1402 =item invalid [] range in regexp
1404 (F) The range specified in a character class had a minimum character
1405 greater than the maximum character. See L<perlre>.
1407 =item Invalid conversion in %s: "%s"
1409 (W) Perl does not understand the given format conversion.
1410 See L<perlfunc/sprintf>.
1412 =item Invalid type in pack: '%s'
1414 (F) The given character is not a valid pack type. See L<perlfunc/pack>.
1415 (W) The given character is not a valid pack type but used to be silently
1418 =item Invalid type in unpack: '%s'
1420 (F) The given character is not a valid unpack type. See L<perlfunc/unpack>.
1421 (W) The given character is not a valid unpack type but used to be silently
1424 =item ioctl is not implemented
1426 (F) Your machine apparently doesn't implement ioctl(), which is pretty
1427 strange for a machine that supports C.
1429 =item junk on end of regexp
1431 (P) The regular expression parser is confused.
1433 =item Label not found for "last %s"
1435 (F) You named a loop to break out of, but you're not currently in a
1436 loop of that name, not even if you count where you were called from.
1437 See L<perlfunc/last>.
1439 =item Label not found for "next %s"
1441 (F) You named a loop to continue, but you're not currently in a loop of
1442 that name, not even if you count where you were called from. See
1445 =item Label not found for "redo %s"
1447 (F) You named a loop to restart, but you're not currently in a loop of
1448 that name, not even if you count where you were called from. See
1451 =item listen() on closed fd
1453 (W) You tried to do a listen on a closed socket. Did you forget to check
1454 the return value of your socket() call? See L<perlfunc/listen>.
1456 =item Method for operation %s not found in package %s during blessing
1458 (F) An attempt was made to specify an entry in an overloading table that
1459 doesn't resolve to a valid subroutine. See L<overload>.
1461 =item Might be a runaway multi-line %s string starting on line %d
1463 (S) An advisory indicating that the previous error may have been caused
1464 by a missing delimiter on a string or pattern, because it eventually
1465 ended earlier on the current line.
1467 =item Misplaced _ in number
1469 (W) An underline in a decimal constant wasn't on a 3-digit boundary.
1471 =item Missing $ on loop variable
1473 (F) Apparently you've been programming in B<csh> too much. Variables are always
1474 mentioned with the $ in Perl, unlike in the shells, where it can vary from
1475 one line to the next.
1477 =item Missing comma after first argument to %s function
1479 (F) While certain functions allow you to specify a filehandle or an
1480 "indirect object" before the argument list, this ain't one of them.
1482 =item Missing operator before %s?
1484 (S) This is an educated guess made in conjunction with the message "%s
1485 found where operator expected". Often the missing operator is a comma.
1487 =item Missing right bracket
1489 (F) The lexer counted more opening curly brackets (braces) than closing ones.
1490 As a general rule, you'll find it's missing near the place you were last
1493 =item Modification of a read-only value attempted
1495 (F) You tried, directly or indirectly, to change the value of a
1496 constant. You didn't, of course, try "2 = 1", because the compiler
1497 catches that. But an easy way to do the same thing is:
1499 sub mod { $_[0] = 1 }
1502 Another way is to assign to a substr() that's off the end of the string.
1504 =item Modification of noncreatable array value attempted, subscript %d
1506 (F) You tried to make an array value spring into existence, and the
1507 subscript was probably negative, even counting from end of the array
1510 =item Modification of noncreatable hash value attempted, subscript "%s"
1512 (F) You tried to make a hash value spring into existence, and it couldn't
1513 be created for some peculiar reason.
1515 =item Module name must be constant
1517 (F) Only a bare module name is allowed as the first argument to a "use".
1519 =item msg%s not implemented
1521 (F) You don't have System V message IPC on your system.
1523 =item Multidimensional syntax %s not supported
1525 (W) Multidimensional arrays aren't written like C<$foo[1,2,3]>. They're written
1526 like C<$foo[1][2][3]>, as in C.
1528 =item Name "%s::%s" used only once: possible typo
1530 (W) Typographical errors often show up as unique variable names.
1531 If you had a good reason for having a unique name, then just mention
1532 it again somehow to suppress the message. The C<use vars> pragma is
1533 provided for just this purpose.
1535 =item Negative length
1537 (F) You tried to do a read/write/send/recv operation with a buffer length
1538 that is less than 0. This is difficult to imagine.
1540 =item nested *?+ in regexp
1542 (F) You can't quantify a quantifier without intervening parentheses. So
1543 things like ** or +* or ?* are illegal.
1545 Note, however, that the minimal matching quantifiers, C<*?>, C<+?>, and C<??> appear
1546 to be nested quantifiers, but aren't. See L<perlre>.
1550 (F) The setuid emulator requires that scripts have a well-formed #! line
1551 even on machines that don't support the #! construct.
1553 =item No %s allowed while running setuid
1555 (F) Certain operations are deemed to be too insecure for a setuid or setgid
1556 script to even be allowed to attempt. Generally speaking there will be
1557 another way to do what you want that is, if not secure, at least securable.
1560 =item No B<-e> allowed in setuid scripts
1562 (F) A setuid script can't be specified by the user.
1564 =item No comma allowed after %s
1566 (F) A list operator that has a filehandle or "indirect object" is not
1567 allowed to have a comma between that and the following arguments.
1568 Otherwise it'd be just another one of the arguments.
1570 One possible cause for this is that you expected to have imported a
1571 constant to your name space with B<use> or B<import> while no such
1572 importing took place, it may for example be that your operating system
1573 does not support that particular constant. Hopefully you did use an
1574 explicit import list for the constants you expect to see, please see
1575 L<perlfunc/use> and L<perlfunc/import>. While an explicit import list
1576 would probably have caught this error earlier it naturally does not
1577 remedy the fact that your operating system still does not support that
1578 constant. Maybe you have a typo in the constants of the symbol import
1579 list of B<use> or B<import> or in the constant name at the line where
1580 this error was triggered?
1582 =item No command into which to pipe on command line
1584 (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl handles its own command line redirection,
1585 and found a '|' at the end of the command line, so it doesn't know where you
1586 want to pipe the output from this command.
1588 =item No DB::DB routine defined
1590 (F) The currently executing code was compiled with the B<-d> switch,
1591 but for some reason the perl5db.pl file (or some facsimile thereof)
1592 didn't define a routine to be called at the beginning of each
1593 statement. Which is odd, because the file should have been required
1594 automatically, and should have blown up the require if it didn't parse
1597 =item No dbm on this machine
1599 (P) This is counted as an internal error, because every machine should
1600 supply dbm nowadays, because Perl comes with SDBM. See L<SDBM_File>.
1602 =item No DBsub routine
1604 (F) The currently executing code was compiled with the B<-d> switch,
1605 but for some reason the perl5db.pl file (or some facsimile thereof)
1606 didn't define a DB::sub routine to be called at the beginning of each
1607 ordinary subroutine call.
1609 =item No error file after 2E<gt> or 2E<gt>E<gt> on command line
1611 (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl handles its own command line redirection,
1612 and found a '2E<gt>' or a '2E<gt>E<gt>' on the command line, but can't find
1613 the name of the file to which to write data destined for stderr.
1615 =item No input file after E<lt> on command line
1617 (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl handles its own command line redirection,
1618 and found a 'E<lt>' on the command line, but can't find the name of the file
1619 from which to read data for stdin.
1621 =item No output file after E<gt> on command line
1623 (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl handles its own command line redirection,
1624 and found a lone 'E<gt>' at the end of the command line, so it doesn't know
1625 where you wanted to redirect stdout.
1627 =item No output file after E<gt> or E<gt>E<gt> on command line
1629 (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl handles its own command line redirection,
1630 and found a 'E<gt>' or a 'E<gt>E<gt>' on the command line, but can't find the
1631 name of the file to which to write data destined for stdout.
1633 =item No Perl script found in input
1635 (F) You called C<perl -x>, but no line was found in the file beginning
1636 with #! and containing the word "perl".
1638 =item No setregid available
1640 (F) Configure didn't find anything resembling the setregid() call for
1643 =item No setreuid available
1645 (F) Configure didn't find anything resembling the setreuid() call for
1648 =item No space allowed after B<-I>
1650 (F) The argument to B<-I> must follow the B<-I> immediately with no
1653 =item No such array field
1655 (F) You tried to access an array as a hash, but the field name used is
1656 not defined. The hash at index 0 should map all valid field names to
1657 array indices for that to work.
1659 =item No such field "%s" in variable %s of type %s
1661 (F) You tried to access a field of a typed variable where the type
1662 does not know about the field name. The field names are looked up in
1663 the %FIELDS hash in the type package at compile time. The %FIELDS hash
1664 is usually set up with the 'fields' pragma.
1666 =item No such pipe open
1668 (P) An error peculiar to VMS. The internal routine my_pclose() tried to
1669 close a pipe which hadn't been opened. This should have been caught earlier as
1670 an attempt to close an unopened filehandle.
1672 =item No such signal: SIG%s
1674 (W) You specified a signal name as a subscript to %SIG that was not recognized.
1675 Say C<kill -l> in your shell to see the valid signal names on your system.
1677 =item Not a CODE reference
1679 (F) Perl was trying to evaluate a reference to a code value (that is, a
1680 subroutine), but found a reference to something else instead. You can
1681 use the ref() function to find out what kind of ref it really was.
1682 See also L<perlref>.
1684 =item Not a format reference
1686 (F) I'm not sure how you managed to generate a reference to an anonymous
1687 format, but this indicates you did, and that it didn't exist.
1689 =item Not a GLOB reference
1691 (F) Perl was trying to evaluate a reference to a "typeglob" (that is,
1692 a symbol table entry that looks like C<*foo>), but found a reference to
1693 something else instead. You can use the ref() function to find out
1694 what kind of ref it really was. See L<perlref>.
1696 =item Not a HASH reference
1698 (F) Perl was trying to evaluate a reference to a hash value, but
1699 found a reference to something else instead. You can use the ref()
1700 function to find out what kind of ref it really was. See L<perlref>.
1702 =item Not a perl script
1704 (F) The setuid emulator requires that scripts have a well-formed #! line
1705 even on machines that don't support the #! construct. The line must
1708 =item Not a SCALAR reference
1710 (F) Perl was trying to evaluate a reference to a scalar value, but
1711 found a reference to something else instead. You can use the ref()
1712 function to find out what kind of ref it really was. See L<perlref>.
1714 =item Not a subroutine reference
1716 (F) Perl was trying to evaluate a reference to a code value (that is, a
1717 subroutine), but found a reference to something else instead. You can
1718 use the ref() function to find out what kind of ref it really was.
1719 See also L<perlref>.
1721 =item Not a subroutine reference in overload table
1723 (F) An attempt was made to specify an entry in an overloading table that
1724 doesn't somehow point to a valid subroutine. See L<overload>.
1726 =item Not an ARRAY reference
1728 (F) Perl was trying to evaluate a reference to an array value, but
1729 found a reference to something else instead. You can use the ref()
1730 function to find out what kind of ref it really was. See L<perlref>.
1732 =item Not enough arguments for %s
1734 (F) The function requires more arguments than you specified.
1736 =item Not enough format arguments
1738 (W) A format specified more picture fields than the next line supplied.
1741 =item Null filename used
1743 (F) You can't require the null filename, especially because on many machines
1744 that means the current directory! See L<perlfunc/require>.
1746 =item Null picture in formline
1748 (F) The first argument to formline must be a valid format picture
1749 specification. It was found to be empty, which probably means you
1750 supplied it an uninitialized value. See L<perlform>.
1752 =item NULL OP IN RUN
1754 (P) Some internal routine called run() with a null opcode pointer.
1758 (P) An attempt was made to realloc NULL.
1760 =item NULL regexp argument
1762 (P) The internal pattern matching routines blew it big time.
1764 =item NULL regexp parameter
1766 (P) The internal pattern matching routines are out of their gourd.
1768 =item Number too long
1770 (F) Perl limits the representation of decimal numbers in programs to about
1771 about 250 characters. You've exceeded that length. Future versions of
1772 Perl are likely to eliminate this arbitrary limitation. In the meantime,
1773 try using scientific notation (e.g. "1e6" instead of "1_000_000").
1775 =item Odd number of elements in hash assignment
1777 (S) You specified an odd number of elements to initialize a hash, which
1778 is odd, because hashes come in key/value pairs.
1780 =item Offset outside string
1782 (F) You tried to do a read/write/send/recv operation with an offset
1783 pointing outside the buffer. This is difficult to imagine.
1784 The sole exception to this is that C<sysread()>ing past the buffer
1785 will extend the buffer and zero pad the new area.
1789 (S) An internal warning that the grammar is screwed up.
1793 (S) An internal warning that the grammar is screwed up.
1795 =item Operation `%s': no method found, %s
1797 (F) An attempt was made to perform an overloaded operation for which
1798 no handler was defined. While some handlers can be autogenerated in
1799 terms of other handlers, there is no default handler for any
1800 operation, unless C<fallback> overloading key is specified to be
1801 true. See L<overload>.
1803 =item Operator or semicolon missing before %s
1805 (S) You used a variable or subroutine call where the parser was
1806 expecting an operator. The parser has assumed you really meant
1807 to use an operator, but this is highly likely to be incorrect.
1808 For example, if you say "*foo *foo" it will be interpreted as
1809 if you said "*foo * 'foo'".
1811 =item Out of memory for yacc stack
1813 (F) The yacc parser wanted to grow its stack so it could continue parsing,
1814 but realloc() wouldn't give it more memory, virtual or otherwise.
1816 =item Out of memory during request for %s
1818 (X|F) The malloc() function returned 0, indicating there was insufficient
1819 remaining memory (or virtual memory) to satisfy the request.
1821 The request was judged to be small, so the possibility to trap it
1822 depends on the way perl was compiled. By default it is not trappable.
1823 However, if compiled for this, Perl may use the contents of C<$^M> as
1824 an emergency pool after die()ing with this message. In this case the
1825 error is trappable I<once>.
1827 =item Out of memory during "large" request for %s
1829 (F) The malloc() function returned 0, indicating there was insufficient
1830 remaining memory (or virtual memory) to satisfy the request. However,
1831 the request was judged large enough (compile-time default is 64K), so
1832 a possibility to shut down by trapping this error is granted.
1834 =item Out of memory during ridiculously large request
1836 (F) You can't allocate more than 2^31+"small amount" bytes. This error
1837 is most likely to be caused by a typo in the Perl program. e.g., C<$arr[time]>
1838 instead of C<$arr[$time]>.
1842 (W) A single call to write() produced more lines than can fit on a page.
1845 =item panic: ck_grep
1847 (P) Failed an internal consistency check trying to compile a grep.
1849 =item panic: ck_split
1851 (P) Failed an internal consistency check trying to compile a split.
1853 =item panic: corrupt saved stack index
1855 (P) The savestack was requested to restore more localized values than there
1856 are in the savestack.
1860 (P) We popped the context stack to an eval context, and then discovered
1861 it wasn't an eval context.
1863 =item panic: do_match
1865 (P) The internal pp_match() routine was called with invalid operational data.
1867 =item panic: do_split
1869 (P) Something terrible went wrong in setting up for the split.
1871 =item panic: do_subst
1873 (P) The internal pp_subst() routine was called with invalid operational data.
1875 =item panic: do_trans
1877 (P) The internal do_trans() routine was called with invalid operational data.
1881 (P) The library function frexp() failed, making printf("%f") impossible.
1885 (P) We popped the context stack to a context with the specified label,
1886 and then discovered it wasn't a context we know how to do a goto in.
1888 =item panic: INTERPCASEMOD
1890 (P) The lexer got into a bad state at a case modifier.
1892 =item panic: INTERPCONCAT
1894 (P) The lexer got into a bad state parsing a string with brackets.
1898 (P) We popped the context stack to a block context, and then discovered
1899 it wasn't a block context.
1901 =item panic: leave_scope clearsv
1903 (P) A writable lexical variable became read-only somehow within the scope.
1905 =item panic: leave_scope inconsistency
1907 (P) The savestack probably got out of sync. At least, there was an
1908 invalid enum on the top of it.
1912 (P) Something requested a negative number of bytes of malloc.
1914 =item panic: mapstart
1916 (P) The compiler is screwed up with respect to the map() function.
1918 =item panic: null array
1920 (P) One of the internal array routines was passed a null AV pointer.
1922 =item panic: pad_alloc
1924 (P) The compiler got confused about which scratch pad it was allocating
1925 and freeing temporaries and lexicals from.
1927 =item panic: pad_free curpad
1929 (P) The compiler got confused about which scratch pad it was allocating
1930 and freeing temporaries and lexicals from.
1932 =item panic: pad_free po
1934 (P) An invalid scratch pad offset was detected internally.
1936 =item panic: pad_reset curpad
1938 (P) The compiler got confused about which scratch pad it was allocating
1939 and freeing temporaries and lexicals from.
1941 =item panic: pad_sv po
1943 (P) An invalid scratch pad offset was detected internally.
1945 =item panic: pad_swipe curpad
1947 (P) The compiler got confused about which scratch pad it was allocating
1948 and freeing temporaries and lexicals from.
1950 =item panic: pad_swipe po
1952 (P) An invalid scratch pad offset was detected internally.
1954 =item panic: pp_iter
1956 (P) The foreach iterator got called in a non-loop context frame.
1958 =item panic: realloc
1960 (P) Something requested a negative number of bytes of realloc.
1962 =item panic: restartop
1964 (P) Some internal routine requested a goto (or something like it), and
1965 didn't supply the destination.
1969 (P) We popped the context stack to a subroutine or eval context, and
1970 then discovered it wasn't a subroutine or eval context.
1972 =item panic: scan_num
1974 (P) scan_num() got called on something that wasn't a number.
1976 =item panic: sv_insert
1978 (P) The sv_insert() routine was told to remove more string than there
1981 =item panic: top_env
1983 (P) The compiler attempted to do a goto, or something weird like that.
1987 (P) The lexer got into a bad state while processing a case modifier.
1989 =item Parentheses missing around "%s" list
1991 (W) You said something like
1997 my ($foo, $bar) = @_;
1999 Remember that "my" and "local" bind closer than comma.
2001 =item Perl %3.3f required--this is only version %s, stopped
2003 (F) The module in question uses features of a version of Perl more recent
2004 than the currently running version. How long has it been since you upgraded,
2005 anyway? See L<perlfunc/require>.
2007 =item Permission denied
2009 (F) The setuid emulator in suidperl decided you were up to no good.
2011 =item pid %d not a child
2013 (W) A warning peculiar to VMS. Waitpid() was asked to wait for a process which
2014 isn't a subprocess of the current process. While this is fine from VMS'
2015 perspective, it's probably not what you intended.
2017 =item POSIX getpgrp can't take an argument
2019 (F) Your C compiler uses POSIX getpgrp(), which takes no argument, unlike
2020 the BSD version, which takes a pid.
2022 =item Possible attempt to put comments in qw() list
2024 (W) qw() lists contain items separated by whitespace; as with literal
2025 strings, comment characters are not ignored, but are instead treated
2026 as literal data. (You may have used different delimiters than the
2027 parentheses shown here; braces are also frequently used.)
2029 You probably wrote something like this:
2036 when you should have written this:
2043 If you really want comments, build your list the
2044 old-fashioned way, with quotes and commas:
2048 'b', # another comment
2051 =item Possible attempt to separate words with commas
2053 (W) qw() lists contain items separated by whitespace; therefore commas
2054 aren't needed to separate the items. (You may have used different
2055 delimiters than the parentheses shown here; braces are also frequently
2058 You probably wrote something like this:
2062 which puts literal commas into some of the list items. Write it without
2063 commas if you don't want them to appear in your data:
2067 =item Possible memory corruption: %s overflowed 3rd argument
2069 (F) An ioctl() or fcntl() returned more than Perl was bargaining for.
2070 Perl guesses a reasonable buffer size, but puts a sentinel byte at the
2071 end of the buffer just in case. This sentinel byte got clobbered, and
2072 Perl assumes that memory is now corrupted. See L<perlfunc/ioctl>.
2074 =item Precedence problem: open %s should be open(%s)
2076 (S) The old irregular construct
2080 is now misinterpreted as
2084 because of the strict regularization of Perl 5's grammar into unary
2085 and list operators. (The old open was a little of both.) You must
2086 put parentheses around the filehandle, or use the new "or" operator
2089 =item print on closed filehandle %s
2091 (W) The filehandle you're printing on got itself closed sometime before now.
2092 Check your logic flow.
2094 =item printf on closed filehandle %s
2096 (W) The filehandle you're writing to got itself closed sometime before now.
2097 Check your logic flow.
2099 =item Probable precedence problem on %s
2101 (W) The compiler found a bareword where it expected a conditional,
2102 which often indicates that an || or && was parsed as part of the
2103 last argument of the previous construct, for example:
2107 =item Prototype mismatch: %s vs %s
2109 (S) The subroutine being declared or defined had previously been declared
2110 or defined with a different function prototype.
2112 =item Range iterator outside integer range
2114 (F) One (or both) of the numeric arguments to the range operator ".."
2115 are outside the range which can be represented by integers internally.
2116 One possible workaround is to force Perl to use magical string
2117 increment by prepending "0" to your numbers.
2119 =item Read on closed filehandle E<lt>%sE<gt>
2121 (W) The filehandle you're reading from got itself closed sometime before now.
2122 Check your logic flow.
2124 =item Reallocation too large: %lx
2126 (F) You can't allocate more than 64K on an MS-DOS machine.
2128 =item Recompile perl with B<-D>DEBUGGING to use B<-D> switch
2130 (F) You can't use the B<-D> option unless the code to produce the
2131 desired output is compiled into Perl, which entails some overhead,
2132 which is why it's currently left out of your copy.
2134 =item Recursive inheritance detected in package '%s'
2136 (F) More than 100 levels of inheritance were used. Probably indicates
2137 an unintended loop in your inheritance hierarchy.
2139 =item Recursive inheritance detected while looking for method '%s' in package '%s'
2141 (F) More than 100 levels of inheritance were encountered while invoking a
2142 method. Probably indicates an unintended loop in your inheritance hierarchy.
2144 =item Reference found where even-sized list expected
2146 (W) You gave a single reference where Perl was expecting a list with
2147 an even number of elements (for assignment to a hash). This
2148 usually means that you used the anon hash constructor when you meant
2149 to use parens. In any case, a hash requires key/value B<pairs>.
2151 %hash = { one => 1, two => 2, }; # WRONG
2152 %hash = [ qw/ an anon array / ]; # WRONG
2153 %hash = ( one => 1, two => 2, ); # right
2154 %hash = qw( one 1 two 2 ); # also fine
2156 =item Reference miscount in sv_replace()
2158 (W) The internal sv_replace() function was handed a new SV with a
2159 reference count of other than 1.
2161 =item regexp *+ operand could be empty
2163 (F) The part of the regexp subject to either the * or + quantifier
2164 could match an empty string.
2166 =item regexp memory corruption
2168 (P) The regular expression engine got confused by what the regular
2169 expression compiler gave it.
2171 =item regexp out of space
2173 (P) A "can't happen" error, because safemalloc() should have caught it earlier.
2175 =item regexp too big
2177 (F) The current implementation of regular expressions uses shorts as
2178 address offsets within a string. Unfortunately this means that if
2179 the regular expression compiles to longer than 32767, it'll blow up.
2180 Usually when you want a regular expression this big, there is a better
2181 way to do it with multiple statements. See L<perlre>.
2183 =item Reversed %s= operator
2185 (W) You wrote your assignment operator backwards. The = must always
2186 comes last, to avoid ambiguity with subsequent unary operators.
2188 =item Runaway format
2190 (F) Your format contained the ~~ repeat-until-blank sequence, but it
2191 produced 200 lines at once, and the 200th line looked exactly like the
2192 199th line. Apparently you didn't arrange for the arguments to exhaust
2193 themselves, either by using ^ instead of @ (for scalar variables), or by
2194 shifting or popping (for array variables). See L<perlform>.
2196 =item Scalar value @%s[%s] better written as $%s[%s]
2198 (W) You've used an array slice (indicated by @) to select a single element of
2199 an array. Generally it's better to ask for a scalar value (indicated by $).
2200 The difference is that C<$foo[&bar]> always behaves like a scalar, both when
2201 assigning to it and when evaluating its argument, while C<@foo[&bar]> behaves
2202 like a list when you assign to it, and provides a list context to its
2203 subscript, which can do weird things if you're expecting only one subscript.
2205 On the other hand, if you were actually hoping to treat the array
2206 element as a list, you need to look into how references work, because
2207 Perl will not magically convert between scalars and lists for you. See
2210 =item Scalar value @%s{%s} better written as $%s{%s}
2212 (W) You've used a hash slice (indicated by @) to select a single element of
2213 a hash. Generally it's better to ask for a scalar value (indicated by $).
2214 The difference is that C<$foo{&bar}> always behaves like a scalar, both when
2215 assigning to it and when evaluating its argument, while C<@foo{&bar}> behaves
2216 like a list when you assign to it, and provides a list context to its
2217 subscript, which can do weird things if you're expecting only one subscript.
2219 On the other hand, if you were actually hoping to treat the hash
2220 element as a list, you need to look into how references work, because
2221 Perl will not magically convert between scalars and lists for you. See
2224 =item Script is not setuid/setgid in suidperl
2226 (F) Oddly, the suidperl program was invoked on a script without a setuid
2227 or setgid bit set. This doesn't make much sense.
2229 =item Search pattern not terminated
2231 (F) The lexer couldn't find the final delimiter of a // or m{}
2232 construct. Remember that bracketing delimiters count nesting level.
2233 Missing the leading C<$> from a variable C<$m> may cause this error.
2235 =item %sseek() on unopened file
2237 (W) You tried to use the seek() or sysseek() function on a filehandle that
2238 was either never opened or has since been closed.
2240 =item select not implemented
2242 (F) This machine doesn't implement the select() system call.
2244 =item sem%s not implemented
2246 (F) You don't have System V semaphore IPC on your system.
2248 =item semi-panic: attempt to dup freed string
2250 (S) The internal newSVsv() routine was called to duplicate a scalar
2251 that had previously been marked as free.
2253 =item Semicolon seems to be missing
2255 (W) A nearby syntax error was probably caused by a missing semicolon,
2256 or possibly some other missing operator, such as a comma.
2258 =item Send on closed socket
2260 (W) The filehandle you're sending to got itself closed sometime before now.
2261 Check your logic flow.
2263 =item Sequence (? incomplete
2265 (F) A regular expression ended with an incomplete extension (?.
2268 =item Sequence (?#... not terminated
2270 (F) A regular expression comment must be terminated by a closing
2271 parenthesis. Embedded parentheses aren't allowed. See L<perlre>.
2273 =item Sequence (?%s...) not implemented
2275 (F) A proposed regular expression extension has the character reserved
2276 but has not yet been written. See L<perlre>.
2278 =item Sequence (?%s...) not recognized
2280 (F) You used a regular expression extension that doesn't make sense.
2285 Also known as "500 Server error".
2287 B<This is a CGI error, not a Perl error>.
2289 You need to make sure your script is executable, is accessible by the user
2290 CGI is running the script under (which is probably not the user account you
2291 tested it under), does not rely on any environment variables (like PATH)
2292 from the user it isn't running under, and isn't in a location where the CGI
2293 server can't find it, basically, more or less. Please see the following
2294 for more information:
2296 http://www.perl.com/perl/faq/idiots-guide.html
2297 http://www.perl.com/perl/faq/perl-cgi-faq.html
2298 ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/news.answers/www/cgi-faq
2299 http://hoohoo.ncsa.uiuc.edu/cgi/interface.html
2300 http://www-genome.wi.mit.edu/WWW/faqs/www-security-faq.html
2302 =item setegid() not implemented
2304 (F) You tried to assign to C<$)>, and your operating system doesn't support
2305 the setegid() system call (or equivalent), or at least Configure didn't
2308 =item seteuid() not implemented
2310 (F) You tried to assign to C<$E<gt>>, and your operating system doesn't support
2311 the seteuid() system call (or equivalent), or at least Configure didn't
2314 =item setrgid() not implemented
2316 (F) You tried to assign to C<$(>, and your operating system doesn't support
2317 the setrgid() system call (or equivalent), or at least Configure didn't
2320 =item setruid() not implemented
2322 (F) You tried to assign to C<$E<lt>>, and your operating system doesn't support
2323 the setruid() system call (or equivalent), or at least Configure didn't
2326 =item Setuid/gid script is writable by world
2328 (F) The setuid emulator won't run a script that is writable by the world,
2329 because the world might have written on it already.
2331 =item shm%s not implemented
2333 (F) You don't have System V shared memory IPC on your system.
2335 =item shutdown() on closed fd
2337 (W) You tried to do a shutdown on a closed socket. Seems a bit superfluous.
2339 =item SIG%s handler "%s" not defined
2341 (W) The signal handler named in %SIG doesn't, in fact, exist. Perhaps you
2342 put it into the wrong package?
2344 =item sort is now a reserved word
2346 (F) An ancient error message that almost nobody ever runs into anymore.
2347 But before sort was a keyword, people sometimes used it as a filehandle.
2349 =item Sort subroutine didn't return a numeric value
2351 (F) A sort comparison routine must return a number. You probably blew
2352 it by not using C<E<lt>=E<gt>> or C<cmp>, or by not using them correctly.
2353 See L<perlfunc/sort>.
2355 =item Sort subroutine didn't return single value
2357 (F) A sort comparison subroutine may not return a list value with more
2358 or less than one element. See L<perlfunc/sort>.
2362 (P) The split was looping infinitely. (Obviously, a split shouldn't iterate
2363 more times than there are characters of input, which is what happened.)
2364 See L<perlfunc/split>.
2366 =item Stat on unopened file E<lt>%sE<gt>
2368 (W) You tried to use the stat() function (or an equivalent file test)
2369 on a filehandle that was either never opened or has since been closed.
2371 =item Statement unlikely to be reached
2373 (W) You did an exec() with some statement after it other than a die().
2374 This is almost always an error, because exec() never returns unless
2375 there was a failure. You probably wanted to use system() instead,
2376 which does return. To suppress this warning, put the exec() in a block
2379 =item Stub found while resolving method `%s' overloading `%s' in package `%s'
2381 (P) Overloading resolution over @ISA tree may be broken by importation stubs.
2382 Stubs should never be implicitely created, but explicit calls to C<can>
2385 =item Subroutine %s redefined
2387 (W) You redefined a subroutine. To suppress this warning, say
2391 eval "sub name { ... }";
2394 =item Substitution loop
2396 (P) The substitution was looping infinitely. (Obviously, a
2397 substitution shouldn't iterate more times than there are characters of
2398 input, which is what happened.) See the discussion of substitution in
2399 L<perlop/"Quote and Quote-like Operators">.
2401 =item Substitution pattern not terminated
2403 (F) The lexer couldn't find the interior delimiter of a s/// or s{}{}
2404 construct. Remember that bracketing delimiters count nesting level.
2405 Missing the leading C<$> from variable C<$s> may cause this error.
2407 =item Substitution replacement not terminated
2409 (F) The lexer couldn't find the final delimiter of a s/// or s{}{}
2410 construct. Remember that bracketing delimiters count nesting level.
2411 Missing the leading C<$> from variable C<$s> may cause this error.
2413 =item substr outside of string
2415 (S),(W) You tried to reference a substr() that pointed outside of a
2416 string. That is, the absolute value of the offset was larger than the
2417 length of the string. See L<perlfunc/substr>. This warning is
2418 mandatory if substr is used in an lvalue context (as the left hand side
2419 of an assignment or as a subroutine argument for example).
2421 =item suidperl is no longer needed since %s
2423 (F) Your Perl was compiled with B<-D>SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW, but a
2424 version of the setuid emulator somehow got run anyway.
2428 (F) Probably means you had a syntax error. Common reasons include:
2430 A keyword is misspelled.
2431 A semicolon is missing.
2433 An opening or closing parenthesis is missing.
2434 An opening or closing brace is missing.
2435 A closing quote is missing.
2437 Often there will be another error message associated with the syntax
2438 error giving more information. (Sometimes it helps to turn on B<-w>.)
2439 The error message itself often tells you where it was in the line when
2440 it decided to give up. Sometimes the actual error is several tokens
2441 before this, because Perl is good at understanding random input.
2442 Occasionally the line number may be misleading, and once in a blue moon
2443 the only way to figure out what's triggering the error is to call
2444 C<perl -c> repeatedly, chopping away half the program each time to see
2445 if the error went away. Sort of the cybernetic version of S<20 questions>.
2447 =item syntax error at line %d: `%s' unexpected
2449 (A) You've accidentally run your script through the Bourne shell
2450 instead of Perl. Check the #! line, or manually feed your script
2453 =item System V IPC is not implemented on this machine
2455 (F) You tried to do something with a function beginning with "sem", "shm",
2456 or "msg". See L<perlfunc/semctl>, for example.
2458 =item Syswrite on closed filehandle
2460 (W) The filehandle you're writing to got itself closed sometime before now.
2461 Check your logic flow.
2463 =item Target of goto is too deeply nested
2465 (F) You tried to use C<goto> to reach a label that was too deeply
2466 nested for Perl to reach. Perl is doing you a favor by refusing.
2468 =item tell() on unopened file
2470 (W) You tried to use the tell() function on a filehandle that was either
2471 never opened or has since been closed.
2473 =item Test on unopened file E<lt>%sE<gt>
2475 (W) You tried to invoke a file test operator on a filehandle that isn't
2476 open. Check your logic. See also L<perlfunc/-X>.
2478 =item That use of $[ is unsupported
2480 (F) Assignment to C<$[> is now strictly circumscribed, and interpreted as
2481 a compiler directive. You may say only one of
2490 This is to prevent the problem of one module changing the array base
2491 out from under another module inadvertently. See L<perlvar/$[>.
2493 =item The %s function is unimplemented
2495 The function indicated isn't implemented on this architecture, according
2496 to the probings of Configure.
2498 =item The crypt() function is unimplemented due to excessive paranoia
2500 (F) Configure couldn't find the crypt() function on your machine,
2501 probably because your vendor didn't supply it, probably because they
2502 think the U.S. Government thinks it's a secret, or at least that they
2503 will continue to pretend that it is. And if you quote me on that, I
2506 =item The stat preceding C<-l _> wasn't an lstat
2508 (F) It makes no sense to test the current stat buffer for symbolic linkhood
2509 if the last stat that wrote to the stat buffer already went past
2510 the symlink to get to the real file. Use an actual filename instead.
2512 =item times not implemented
2514 (F) Your version of the C library apparently doesn't do times(). I suspect
2515 you're not running on Unix.
2517 =item Too few args to syscall
2519 (F) There has to be at least one argument to syscall() to specify the
2520 system call to call, silly dilly.
2522 =item Too late for "B<-T>" option
2524 (X) The #! line (or local equivalent) in a Perl script contains the
2525 B<-T> option, but Perl was not invoked with B<-T> in its command line.
2526 This is an error because, by the time Perl discovers a B<-T> in a
2527 script, it's too late to properly taint everything from the environment.
2530 If the Perl script is being executed as a command using the #!
2531 mechanism (or its local equivalent), this error can usually be fixed
2532 by editing the #! line so that the B<-T> option is a part of Perl's
2533 first argument: e.g. change C<perl -n -T> to C<perl -T -n>.
2535 If the Perl script is being executed as C<perl scriptname>, then the
2536 B<-T> option must appear on the command line: C<perl -T scriptname>.
2538 =item Too late for "-%s" option
2540 (X) The #! line (or local equivalent) in a Perl script contains the
2541 B<-M> or B<-m> option. This is an error because B<-M> and B<-m> options
2542 are not intended for use inside scripts. Use the C<use> pragma instead.
2548 (A) You've accidentally run your script through B<csh> instead
2549 of Perl. Check the #! line, or manually feed your script into
2552 =item Too many args to syscall
2554 (F) Perl supports a maximum of only 14 args to syscall().
2556 =item Too many arguments for %s
2558 (F) The function requires fewer arguments than you specified.
2560 =item trailing \ in regexp
2562 (F) The regular expression ends with an unbackslashed backslash. Backslash
2565 =item Transliteration pattern not terminated
2567 (F) The lexer couldn't find the interior delimiter of a tr/// or tr[][]
2568 or y/// or y[][] construct. Missing the leading C<$> from variables
2569 C<$tr> or C<$y> may cause this error.
2571 =item Transliteration replacement not terminated
2573 (F) The lexer couldn't find the final delimiter of a tr/// or tr[][]
2576 =item truncate not implemented
2578 (F) Your machine doesn't implement a file truncation mechanism that
2579 Configure knows about.
2581 =item Type of arg %d to %s must be %s (not %s)
2583 (F) This function requires the argument in that position to be of a
2584 certain type. Arrays must be @NAME or C<@{EXPR}>. Hashes must be
2585 %NAME or C<%{EXPR}>. No implicit dereferencing is allowed--use the
2586 {EXPR} forms as an explicit dereference. See L<perlref>.
2588 =item umask: argument is missing initial 0
2590 (W) A umask of 222 is incorrect. It should be 0222, because octal literals
2591 always start with 0 in Perl, as in C.
2593 =item Unable to create sub named "%s"
2595 (F) You attempted to create or access a subroutine with an illegal name.
2597 =item Unbalanced context: %d more PUSHes than POPs
2599 (W) The exit code detected an internal inconsistency in how many execution
2600 contexts were entered and left.
2602 =item Unbalanced saves: %d more saves than restores
2604 (W) The exit code detected an internal inconsistency in how many
2605 values were temporarily localized.
2607 =item Unbalanced scopes: %d more ENTERs than LEAVEs
2609 (W) The exit code detected an internal inconsistency in how many blocks
2610 were entered and left.
2612 =item Unbalanced tmps: %d more allocs than frees
2614 (W) The exit code detected an internal inconsistency in how many mortal
2615 scalars were allocated and freed.
2617 =item Undefined format "%s" called
2619 (F) The format indicated doesn't seem to exist. Perhaps it's really in
2620 another package? See L<perlform>.
2622 =item Undefined sort subroutine "%s" called
2624 (F) The sort comparison routine specified doesn't seem to exist. Perhaps
2625 it's in a different package? See L<perlfunc/sort>.
2627 =item Undefined subroutine &%s called
2629 (F) The subroutine indicated hasn't been defined, or if it was, it
2630 has since been undefined.
2632 =item Undefined subroutine called
2634 (F) The anonymous subroutine you're trying to call hasn't been defined,
2635 or if it was, it has since been undefined.
2637 =item Undefined subroutine in sort
2639 (F) The sort comparison routine specified is declared but doesn't seem to
2640 have been defined yet. See L<perlfunc/sort>.
2642 =item Undefined top format "%s" called
2644 (F) The format indicated doesn't seem to exist. Perhaps it's really in
2645 another package? See L<perlform>.
2647 =item Undefined value assigned to typeglob
2649 (W) An undefined value was assigned to a typeglob, a la C<*foo = undef>.
2650 This does nothing. It's possible that you really mean C<undef *foo>.
2652 =item unexec of %s into %s failed!
2654 (F) The unexec() routine failed for some reason. See your local FSF
2655 representative, who probably put it there in the first place.
2657 =item Unknown BYTEORDER
2659 (F) There are no byte-swapping functions for a machine with this byte order.
2661 =item unmatched () in regexp
2663 (F) Unbackslashed parentheses must always be balanced in regular
2664 expressions. If you're a vi user, the % key is valuable for finding
2665 the matching parenthesis. See L<perlre>.
2667 =item Unmatched right bracket
2669 (F) The lexer counted more closing curly brackets (braces) than opening
2670 ones, so you're probably missing an opening bracket. As a general
2671 rule, you'll find the missing one (so to speak) near the place you were
2674 =item unmatched [] in regexp
2676 (F) The brackets around a character class must match. If you wish to
2677 include a closing bracket in a character class, backslash it or put it first.
2680 =item Unquoted string "%s" may clash with future reserved word
2682 (W) You used a bareword that might someday be claimed as a reserved word.
2683 It's best to put such a word in quotes, or capitalize it somehow, or insert
2684 an underbar into it. You might also declare it as a subroutine.
2686 =item Unrecognized character %s
2688 (F) The Perl parser has no idea what to do with the specified character
2689 in your Perl script (or eval). Perhaps you tried to run a compressed
2690 script, a binary program, or a directory as a Perl program.
2692 =item Unrecognized signal name "%s"
2694 (F) You specified a signal name to the kill() function that was not recognized.
2695 Say C<kill -l> in your shell to see the valid signal names on your system.
2697 =item Unrecognized switch: -%s (-h will show valid options)
2699 (F) You specified an illegal option to Perl. Don't do that.
2700 (If you think you didn't do that, check the #! line to see if it's
2701 supplying the bad switch on your behalf.)
2703 =item Unsuccessful %s on filename containing newline
2705 (W) A file operation was attempted on a filename, and that operation
2706 failed, PROBABLY because the filename contained a newline, PROBABLY
2707 because you forgot to chop() or chomp() it off. See L<perlfunc/chomp>.
2709 =item Unsupported directory function "%s" called
2711 (F) Your machine doesn't support opendir() and readdir().
2713 =item Unsupported function fork
2715 (F) Your version of executable does not support forking.
2717 Note that under some systems, like OS/2, there may be different flavors of
2718 Perl executables, some of which may support fork, some not. Try changing
2719 the name you call Perl by to C<perl_>, C<perl__>, and so on.
2721 =item Unsupported function %s
2723 (F) This machine doesn't implement the indicated function, apparently.
2724 At least, Configure doesn't think so.
2726 =item Unsupported socket function "%s" called
2728 (F) Your machine doesn't support the Berkeley socket mechanism, or at
2729 least that's what Configure thought.
2731 =item Unterminated E<lt>E<gt> operator
2733 (F) The lexer saw a left angle bracket in a place where it was expecting
2734 a term, so it's looking for the corresponding right angle bracket, and not
2735 finding it. Chances are you left some needed parentheses out earlier in
2736 the line, and you really meant a "less than".
2738 =item Use of "$$<digit>" to mean "${$}<digit>" is deprecated
2740 (D) Perl versions before 5.004 misinterpreted any type marker followed
2741 by "$" and a digit. For example, "$$0" was incorrectly taken to mean
2742 "${$}0" instead of "${$0}". This bug is (mostly) fixed in Perl 5.004.
2744 However, the developers of Perl 5.004 could not fix this bug completely,
2745 because at least two widely-used modules depend on the old meaning of
2746 "$$0" in a string. So Perl 5.004 still interprets "$$<digit>" in the
2747 old (broken) way inside strings; but it generates this message as a
2748 warning. And in Perl 5.005, this special treatment will cease.
2750 =item Use of $# is deprecated
2752 (D) This was an ill-advised attempt to emulate a poorly defined B<awk> feature.
2753 Use an explicit printf() or sprintf() instead.
2755 =item Use of $* is deprecated
2757 (D) This variable magically turned on multi-line pattern matching, both for
2758 you and for any luckless subroutine that you happen to call. You should
2759 use the new C<//m> and C<//s> modifiers now to do that without the dangerous
2760 action-at-a-distance effects of C<$*>.
2762 =item Use of %s in printf format not supported
2764 (F) You attempted to use a feature of printf that is accessible from
2765 only C. This usually means there's a better way to do it in Perl.
2767 =item Use of bare E<lt>E<lt> to mean E<lt>E<lt>"" is deprecated
2769 (D) You are now encouraged to use the explicitly quoted form if you
2770 wish to use an empty line as the terminator of the here-document.
2772 =item Use of implicit split to @_ is deprecated
2774 (D) It makes a lot of work for the compiler when you clobber a
2775 subroutine's argument list, so it's better if you assign the results of
2776 a split() explicitly to an array (or list).
2778 =item Use of inherited AUTOLOAD for non-method %s() is deprecated
2780 (D) As an (ahem) accidental feature, C<AUTOLOAD> subroutines are looked
2781 up as methods (using the C<@ISA> hierarchy) even when the subroutines to
2782 be autoloaded were called as plain functions (e.g. C<Foo::bar()>), not
2783 as methods (e.g. C<Foo-E<gt>bar()> or C<$obj-E<gt>bar()>).
2785 This bug will be rectified in Perl 5.005, which will use method lookup
2786 only for methods' C<AUTOLOAD>s. However, there is a significant base
2787 of existing code that may be using the old behavior. So, as an
2788 interim step, Perl 5.004 issues an optional warning when non-methods
2789 use inherited C<AUTOLOAD>s.
2791 The simple rule is: Inheritance will not work when autoloading
2792 non-methods. The simple fix for old code is: In any module that used to
2793 depend on inheriting C<AUTOLOAD> for non-methods from a base class named
2794 C<BaseClass>, execute C<*AUTOLOAD = \&BaseClass::AUTOLOAD> during startup.
2796 In code that currently says C<use AutoLoader; @ISA = qw(AutoLoader);> you
2797 should remove AutoLoader from @ISA and change C<use AutoLoader;> to
2798 C<use AutoLoader 'AUTOLOAD';>.
2800 =item Use of reserved word "%s" is deprecated
2802 (D) The indicated bareword is a reserved word. Future versions of perl
2803 may use it as a keyword, so you're better off either explicitly quoting
2804 the word in a manner appropriate for its context of use, or using a
2805 different name altogether. The warning can be suppressed for subroutine
2806 names by either adding a C<&> prefix, or using a package qualifier,
2807 e.g. C<&our()>, or C<Foo::our()>.
2809 =item Use of %s is deprecated
2811 (D) The construct indicated is no longer recommended for use, generally
2812 because there's a better way to do it, and also because the old way has
2815 =item Use of uninitialized value
2817 (W) An undefined value was used as if it were already defined. It was
2818 interpreted as a "" or a 0, but maybe it was a mistake. To suppress this
2819 warning assign an initial value to your variables.
2821 =item Useless use of %s in void context
2823 (W) You did something without a side effect in a context that does nothing
2824 with the return value, such as a statement that doesn't return a value
2825 from a block, or the left side of a scalar comma operator. Very often
2826 this points not to stupidity on your part, but a failure of Perl to parse
2827 your program the way you thought it would. For example, you'd get this
2828 if you mixed up your C precedence with Python precedence and said
2832 when you meant to say
2834 ($one, $two) = (1, 2);
2836 Another common error is to use ordinary parentheses to construct a list
2837 reference when you should be using square or curly brackets, for
2842 when you should have said
2846 The square brackets explicitly turn a list value into a scalar value,
2847 while parentheses do not. So when a parenthesized list is evaluated in
2848 a scalar context, the comma is treated like C's comma operator, which
2849 throws away the left argument, which is not what you want. See
2850 L<perlref> for more on this.
2852 =item untie attempted while %d inner references still exist
2854 (W) A copy of the object returned from C<tie> (or C<tied>) was still
2855 valid when C<untie> was called.
2857 =item Value of %s can be "0"; test with defined()
2859 (W) In a conditional expression, you used <HANDLE>, <*> (glob), C<each()>,
2860 or C<readdir()> as a boolean value. Each of these constructs can return a
2861 value of "0"; that would make the conditional expression false, which is
2862 probably not what you intended. When using these constructs in conditional
2863 expressions, test their values with the C<defined> operator.
2865 =item Variable "%s" is not imported%s
2867 (F) While "use strict" in effect, you referred to a global variable
2868 that you apparently thought was imported from another module, because
2869 something else of the same name (usually a subroutine) is exported
2870 by that module. It usually means you put the wrong funny character
2871 on the front of your variable.
2873 =item Variable "%s" may be unavailable
2875 (W) An inner (nested) I<anonymous> subroutine is inside a I<named>
2876 subroutine, and outside that is another subroutine; and the anonymous
2877 (innermost) subroutine is referencing a lexical variable defined in
2878 the outermost subroutine. For example:
2880 sub outermost { my $a; sub middle { sub { $a } } }
2882 If the anonymous subroutine is called or referenced (directly or
2883 indirectly) from the outermost subroutine, it will share the variable
2884 as you would expect. But if the anonymous subroutine is called or
2885 referenced when the outermost subroutine is not active, it will see
2886 the value of the shared variable as it was before and during the
2887 *first* call to the outermost subroutine, which is probably not what
2890 In these circumstances, it is usually best to make the middle
2891 subroutine anonymous, using the C<sub {}> syntax. Perl has specific
2892 support for shared variables in nested anonymous subroutines; a named
2893 subroutine in between interferes with this feature.
2895 =item Variable "%s" will not stay shared
2897 (W) An inner (nested) I<named> subroutine is referencing a lexical
2898 variable defined in an outer subroutine.
2900 When the inner subroutine is called, it will probably see the value of
2901 the outer subroutine's variable as it was before and during the
2902 *first* call to the outer subroutine; in this case, after the first
2903 call to the outer subroutine is complete, the inner and outer
2904 subroutines will no longer share a common value for the variable. In
2905 other words, the variable will no longer be shared.
2907 Furthermore, if the outer subroutine is anonymous and references a
2908 lexical variable outside itself, then the outer and inner subroutines
2909 will I<never> share the given variable.
2911 This problem can usually be solved by making the inner subroutine
2912 anonymous, using the C<sub {}> syntax. When inner anonymous subs that
2913 reference variables in outer subroutines are called or referenced,
2914 they are automatically rebound to the current values of such
2917 =item Variable syntax
2919 (A) You've accidentally run your script through B<csh> instead
2920 of Perl. Check the #! line, or manually feed your script into
2923 =item perl: warning: Setting locale failed.
2925 (S) The whole warning message will look something like:
2927 perl: warning: Setting locale failed.
2928 perl: warning: Please check that your locale settings:
2931 are supported and installed on your system.
2932 perl: warning: Falling back to the standard locale ("C").
2934 Exactly what were the failed locale settings varies. In the above the
2935 settings were that the LC_ALL was "En_US" and the LANG had no value.
2936 This error means that Perl detected that you and/or your system
2937 administrator have set up the so-called variable system but Perl could
2938 not use those settings. This was not dead serious, fortunately: there
2939 is a "default locale" called "C" that Perl can and will use, the
2940 script will be run. Before you really fix the problem, however, you
2941 will get the same error message each time you run Perl. How to really
2942 fix the problem can be found in L<perllocale> section B<LOCALE PROBLEMS>.
2944 =item Warning: something's wrong
2946 (W) You passed warn() an empty string (the equivalent of C<warn "">) or
2947 you called it with no args and C<$_> was empty.
2949 =item Warning: unable to close filehandle %s properly
2951 (S) The implicit close() done by an open() got an error indication on the
2952 close(). This usually indicates your file system ran out of disk space.
2954 =item Warning: Use of "%s" without parentheses is ambiguous
2956 (S) You wrote a unary operator followed by something that looks like a
2957 binary operator that could also have been interpreted as a term or
2958 unary operator. For instance, if you know that the rand function
2959 has a default argument of 1.0, and you write
2963 you may THINK you wrote the same thing as
2967 but in actual fact, you got
2971 So put in parentheses to say what you really mean.
2973 =item Write on closed filehandle
2975 (W) The filehandle you're writing to got itself closed sometime before now.
2976 Check your logic flow.
2978 =item X outside of string
2980 (F) You had a pack template that specified a relative position before
2981 the beginning of the string being unpacked. See L<perlfunc/pack>.
2983 =item x outside of string
2985 (F) You had a pack template that specified a relative position after
2986 the end of the string being unpacked. See L<perlfunc/pack>.
2988 =item Xsub "%s" called in sort
2990 (F) The use of an external subroutine as a sort comparison is not yet supported.
2992 =item Xsub called in sort
2994 (F) The use of an external subroutine as a sort comparison is not yet supported.
2996 =item You can't use C<-l> on a filehandle
2998 (F) A filehandle represents an opened file, and when you opened the file it
2999 already went past any symlink you are presumably trying to look for.
3000 Use a filename instead.
3002 =item YOU HAVEN'T DISABLED SET-ID SCRIPTS IN THE KERNEL YET!
3004 (F) And you probably never will, because you probably don't have the
3005 sources to your kernel, and your vendor probably doesn't give a rip
3006 about what you want. Your best bet is to use the wrapsuid script in
3007 the eg directory to put a setuid C wrapper around your script.
3009 =item You need to quote "%s"
3011 (W) You assigned a bareword as a signal handler name. Unfortunately, you
3012 already have a subroutine of that name declared, which means that Perl 5
3013 will try to call the subroutine when the assignment is executed, which is
3014 probably not what you want. (If it IS what you want, put an & in front.)
3016 =item [gs]etsockopt() on closed fd
3018 (W) You tried to get or set a socket option on a closed socket.
3019 Did you forget to check the return value of your socket() call?
3020 See L<perlfunc/getsockopt>.
3022 =item \1 better written as $1
3024 (W) Outside of patterns, backreferences live on as variables. The use
3025 of backslashes is grandfathered on the right-hand side of a
3026 substitution, but stylistically it's better to use the variable form
3027 because other Perl programmers will expect it, and it works better
3028 if there are more than 9 backreferences.
3030 =item '|' and 'E<lt>' may not both be specified on command line
3032 (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl does its own command line redirection, and
3033 found that STDIN was a pipe, and that you also tried to redirect STDIN using
3034 'E<lt>'. Only one STDIN stream to a customer, please.
3036 =item '|' and 'E<gt>' may not both be specified on command line
3038 (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl does its own command line redirection, and
3039 thinks you tried to redirect stdout both to a file and into a pipe to another
3040 command. You need to choose one or the other, though nothing's stopping you
3041 from piping into a program or Perl script which 'splits' output into two
3044 open(OUT,">$ARGV[0]") or die "Can't write to $ARGV[0]: $!";
3051 =item Got an error from DosAllocMem
3053 (P) An error peculiar to OS/2. Most probably you're using an obsolete
3054 version of Perl, and this should not happen anyway.
3056 =item Malformed PERLLIB_PREFIX
3058 (F) An error peculiar to OS/2. PERLLIB_PREFIX should be of the form
3066 with nonempty prefix1 and prefix2. If C<prefix1> is indeed a prefix
3067 of a builtin library search path, prefix2 is substituted. The error
3068 may appear if components are not found, or are too long. See
3069 "PERLLIB_PREFIX" in F<README.os2>.
3071 =item PERL_SH_DIR too long
3073 (F) An error peculiar to OS/2. PERL_SH_DIR is the directory to find the
3074 C<sh>-shell in. See "PERL_SH_DIR" in F<README.os2>.
3076 =item Process terminated by SIG%s
3078 (W) This is a standard message issued by OS/2 applications, while *nix
3079 applications die in silence. It is considered a feature of the OS/2
3080 port. One can easily disable this by appropriate sighandlers, see
3081 L<perlipc/"Signals">. See also "Process terminated by SIGTERM/SIGINT"