[Encode] 1.77 Released
[p5sagit/p5-mst-13.2.git] / perly.y
1 /*    perly.y
2  *
3  *    Copyright (c) 1991-2002, Larry Wall
4  *
5  *    You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
6  *    License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
7  *
8  */
9
10 /*
11  * 'I see,' laughed Strider.  'I look foul and feel fair.  Is that it?
12  * All that is gold does not glitter, not all those who wander are lost.'
13  */
14
15 %{
16 #include "EXTERN.h"
17 #define PERL_IN_PERLY_C
18 #include "perl.h"
19 #ifdef EBCDIC
20 #undef YYDEBUG
21 #endif
22 #define dep() deprecate("\"do\" to call subroutines")
23
24 /* stuff included here to make perly_c.diff apply better */
25
26 #define yydebug     PL_yydebug
27 #define yynerrs     PL_yynerrs
28 #define yyerrflag   PL_yyerrflag
29 #define yychar      PL_yychar
30 #define yyval       PL_yyval
31 #define yylval      PL_yylval
32
33 struct ysv {
34     short* yyss;
35     YYSTYPE* yyvs;
36     int oldyydebug;
37     int oldyynerrs;
38     int oldyyerrflag;
39     int oldyychar;
40     YYSTYPE oldyyval;
41     YYSTYPE oldyylval;
42 };
43
44 static void yydestruct(pTHX_ void *ptr);
45
46 %}
47
48 %start prog
49
50 %{
51 #if 0 /* get this from perly.h instead */
52 %}
53
54 %union {
55     I32 ival;
56     char *pval;
57     OP *opval;
58     GV *gvval;
59 }
60
61 %{
62 #endif /* 0 */
63
64 #ifdef USE_PURE_BISON
65 #define YYLEX_PARAM (&yychar)
66 #define yylex yylex_r
67 #endif
68
69 %}
70
71 %token <ival> '{'
72
73 %token <opval> WORD METHOD FUNCMETH THING PMFUNC PRIVATEREF
74 %token <opval> FUNC0SUB UNIOPSUB LSTOPSUB
75 %token <pval> LABEL
76 %token <ival> FORMAT SUB ANONSUB PACKAGE USE
77 %token <ival> WHILE UNTIL IF UNLESS ELSE ELSIF CONTINUE FOR
78 %token <ival> LOOPEX DOTDOT
79 %token <ival> FUNC0 FUNC1 FUNC UNIOP LSTOP
80 %token <ival> RELOP EQOP MULOP ADDOP
81 %token <ival> DOLSHARP DO HASHBRACK NOAMP
82 %token <ival> LOCAL MY MYSUB
83 %token COLONATTR
84
85 %type <ival> prog decl format startsub startanonsub startformsub
86 %type <ival> progstart remember mremember '&'
87 %type <opval> block mblock lineseq line loop cond else
88 %type <opval> expr term subscripted scalar ary hsh arylen star amper sideff
89 %type <opval> argexpr nexpr texpr iexpr mexpr mnexpr mtexpr miexpr
90 %type <opval> listexpr listexprcom indirob listop method
91 %type <opval> formname subname proto subbody cont my_scalar
92 %type <opval> subattrlist myattrlist mysubrout myattrterm myterm
93 %type <opval> termbinop termunop anonymous termdo
94 %type <pval> label
95
96 %nonassoc PREC_LOW
97 %nonassoc LOOPEX
98
99 %left <ival> OROP DOROP
100 %left ANDOP
101 %right NOTOP
102 %nonassoc LSTOP LSTOPSUB
103 %left ','
104 %right <ival> ASSIGNOP
105 %right '?' ':'
106 %nonassoc DOTDOT
107 %left OROR DORDOR
108 %left ANDAND
109 %left <ival> BITOROP
110 %left <ival> BITANDOP
111 %nonassoc EQOP
112 %nonassoc RELOP
113 %nonassoc UNIOP UNIOPSUB
114 %left <ival> SHIFTOP
115 %left ADDOP
116 %left MULOP
117 %left <ival> MATCHOP
118 %right '!' '~' UMINUS REFGEN
119 %right <ival> POWOP
120 %nonassoc PREINC PREDEC POSTINC POSTDEC
121 %left ARROW
122 %nonassoc <ival> ')'
123 %left '('
124 %left '[' '{'
125
126 %% /* RULES */
127
128 /* The whole program */
129 prog    :       progstart
130         /*CONTINUED*/   lineseq
131                         { $$ = $1; newPROG(block_end($1,$2)); }
132         ;
133
134 /* An ordinary block */
135 block   :       '{' remember lineseq '}'
136                         { if (PL_copline > (line_t)$1)
137                               PL_copline = (line_t)$1;
138                           $$ = block_end($2, $3); }
139         ;
140
141 remember:       /* NULL */      /* start a full lexical scope */
142                         { $$ = block_start(TRUE); }
143         ;
144
145 progstart:
146                 {
147 #if defined(YYDEBUG) && defined(DEBUGGING)
148                     yydebug = (DEBUG_p_TEST);
149 #endif
150                     PL_expect = XSTATE; $$ = block_start(TRUE);
151                 }
152         ;
153
154
155 mblock  :       '{' mremember lineseq '}'
156                         { if (PL_copline > (line_t)$1)
157                               PL_copline = (line_t)$1;
158                           $$ = block_end($2, $3); }
159         ;
160
161 mremember:      /* NULL */      /* start a partial lexical scope */
162                         { $$ = block_start(FALSE); }
163         ;
164
165 /* A collection of "lines" in the program */
166 lineseq :       /* NULL */
167                         { $$ = Nullop; }
168         |       lineseq decl
169                         { $$ = $1; }
170         |       lineseq line
171                         {   $$ = append_list(OP_LINESEQ,
172                                 (LISTOP*)$1, (LISTOP*)$2);
173                             PL_pad_reset_pending = TRUE;
174                             if ($1 && $2) PL_hints |= HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE; }
175         ;
176
177 /* A "line" in the program */
178 line    :       label cond
179                         { $$ = newSTATEOP(0, $1, $2); }
180         |       loop    /* loops add their own labels */
181         |       label ';'
182                         { if ($1 != Nullch) {
183                               $$ = newSTATEOP(0, $1, newOP(OP_NULL, 0));
184                             }
185                             else {
186                               $$ = Nullop;
187                               PL_copline = NOLINE;
188                             }
189                             PL_expect = XSTATE; }
190         |       label sideff ';'
191                         { $$ = newSTATEOP(0, $1, $2);
192                           PL_expect = XSTATE; }
193         ;
194
195 /* An expression which may have a side-effect */
196 sideff  :       error
197                         { $$ = Nullop; }
198         |       expr
199                         { $$ = $1; }
200         |       expr IF expr
201                         { $$ = newLOGOP(OP_AND, 0, $3, $1); }
202         |       expr UNLESS expr
203                         { $$ = newLOGOP(OP_OR, 0, $3, $1); }
204         |       expr WHILE expr
205                         { $$ = newLOOPOP(OPf_PARENS, 1, scalar($3), $1); }
206         |       expr UNTIL iexpr
207                         { $$ = newLOOPOP(OPf_PARENS, 1, $3, $1);}
208         |       expr FOR expr
209                         { $$ = newFOROP(0, Nullch, (line_t)$2,
210                                         Nullop, $3, $1, Nullop); }
211         ;
212
213 /* else and elsif blocks */
214 else    :       /* NULL */
215                         { $$ = Nullop; }
216         |       ELSE mblock
217                         { ($2)->op_flags |= OPf_PARENS; $$ = scope($2); }
218         |       ELSIF '(' mexpr ')' mblock else
219                         { PL_copline = (line_t)$1;
220                             $$ = newCONDOP(0, $3, scope($5), $6);
221                             PL_hints |= HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE; }
222         ;
223
224 /* Real conditional expressions */
225 cond    :       IF '(' remember mexpr ')' mblock else
226                         { PL_copline = (line_t)$1;
227                             $$ = block_end($3,
228                                    newCONDOP(0, $4, scope($6), $7)); }
229         |       UNLESS '(' remember miexpr ')' mblock else
230                         { PL_copline = (line_t)$1;
231                             $$ = block_end($3,
232                                    newCONDOP(0, $4, scope($6), $7)); }
233         ;
234
235 /* Continue blocks */
236 cont    :       /* NULL */
237                         { $$ = Nullop; }
238         |       CONTINUE block
239                         { $$ = scope($2); }
240         ;
241
242 /* Loops: while, until, for, and a bare block */
243 loop    :       label WHILE '(' remember mtexpr ')' mblock cont
244                         { PL_copline = (line_t)$2;
245                             $$ = block_end($4,
246                                    newSTATEOP(0, $1,
247                                      newWHILEOP(0, 1, (LOOP*)Nullop,
248                                                 $2, $5, $7, $8))); }
249         |       label UNTIL '(' remember miexpr ')' mblock cont
250                         { PL_copline = (line_t)$2;
251                             $$ = block_end($4,
252                                    newSTATEOP(0, $1,
253                                      newWHILEOP(0, 1, (LOOP*)Nullop,
254                                                 $2, $5, $7, $8))); }
255         |       label FOR MY remember my_scalar '(' mexpr ')' mblock cont
256                         { $$ = block_end($4,
257                                  newFOROP(0, $1, (line_t)$2, $5, $7, $9, $10)); }
258         |       label FOR scalar '(' remember mexpr ')' mblock cont
259                         { $$ = block_end($5,
260                                  newFOROP(0, $1, (line_t)$2, mod($3, OP_ENTERLOOP),
261                                           $6, $8, $9)); }
262         |       label FOR '(' remember mexpr ')' mblock cont
263                         { $$ = block_end($4,
264                                  newFOROP(0, $1, (line_t)$2, Nullop, $5, $7, $8)); }
265         |       label FOR '(' remember mnexpr ';' mtexpr ';' mnexpr ')' mblock
266                         /* basically fake up an initialize-while lineseq */
267                         { OP *forop;
268                           PL_copline = (line_t)$2;
269                           forop = newSTATEOP(0, $1,
270                                             newWHILEOP(0, 1, (LOOP*)Nullop,
271                                                 $2, scalar($7),
272                                                 $11, $9));
273                           if ($5) {
274                                 forop = append_elem(OP_LINESEQ,
275                                         newSTATEOP(0, ($1?savepv($1):Nullch),
276                                                    $5),
277                                         forop);
278                           }
279
280                           $$ = block_end($4, forop); }
281         |       label block cont  /* a block is a loop that happens once */
282                         { $$ = newSTATEOP(0, $1,
283                                  newWHILEOP(0, 1, (LOOP*)Nullop,
284                                             NOLINE, Nullop, $2, $3)); }
285         ;
286
287 /* Normal expression */
288 nexpr   :       /* NULL */
289                         { $$ = Nullop; }
290         |       sideff
291         ;
292
293 /* Boolean expression */
294 texpr   :       /* NULL means true */
295                         { (void)scan_num("1", &yylval); $$ = yylval.opval; }
296         |       expr
297         ;
298
299 /* Inverted boolean expression */
300 iexpr   :       expr
301                         { $$ = invert(scalar($1)); }
302         ;
303
304 /* Expression with its own lexical scope */
305 mexpr   :       expr
306                         { $$ = $1; intro_my(); }
307         ;
308
309 mnexpr  :       nexpr
310                         { $$ = $1; intro_my(); }
311         ;
312
313 mtexpr  :       texpr
314                         { $$ = $1; intro_my(); }
315         ;
316
317 miexpr  :       iexpr
318                         { $$ = $1; intro_my(); }
319         ;
320
321 /* Optional "MAIN:"-style loop labels */
322 label   :       /* empty */
323                         { $$ = Nullch; }
324         |       LABEL
325         ;
326
327 /* Some kind of declaration - does not take part in the parse tree */
328 decl    :       format
329                         { $$ = 0; }
330         |       subrout
331                         { $$ = 0; }
332         |       mysubrout
333                         { $$ = 0; }
334         |       package
335                         { $$ = 0; }
336         |       use
337                         { $$ = 0; }
338         ;
339
340 format  :       FORMAT startformsub formname block
341                         { newFORM($2, $3, $4); }
342         ;
343
344 formname:       WORD            { $$ = $1; }
345         |       /* NULL */      { $$ = Nullop; }
346         ;
347
348 /* Unimplemented "my sub foo { }" */
349 mysubrout:      MYSUB startsub subname proto subattrlist subbody
350                         { newMYSUB($2, $3, $4, $5, $6); }
351         ;
352
353 /* Subroutine definition */
354 subrout :       SUB startsub subname proto subattrlist subbody
355                         { newATTRSUB($2, $3, $4, $5, $6); }
356         ;
357
358 startsub:       /* NULL */      /* start a regular subroutine scope */
359                         { $$ = start_subparse(FALSE, 0); }
360         ;
361
362 startanonsub:   /* NULL */      /* start an anonymous subroutine scope */
363                         { $$ = start_subparse(FALSE, CVf_ANON); }
364         ;
365
366 startformsub:   /* NULL */      /* start a format subroutine scope */
367                         { $$ = start_subparse(TRUE, 0); }
368         ;
369
370 /* Name of a subroutine - must be a bareword, could be special */
371 subname :       WORD    { STRLEN n_a; char *name = SvPV(((SVOP*)$1)->op_sv,n_a);
372                           if (strEQ(name, "BEGIN") || strEQ(name, "END")
373                               || strEQ(name, "INIT") || strEQ(name, "CHECK"))
374                               CvSPECIAL_on(PL_compcv);
375                           $$ = $1; }
376         ;
377
378 /* Subroutine prototype */
379 proto   :       /* NULL */
380                         { $$ = Nullop; }
381         |       THING
382         ;
383
384 /* Optional list of subroutine attributes */
385 subattrlist:    /* NULL */
386                         { $$ = Nullop; }
387         |       COLONATTR THING
388                         { $$ = $2; }
389         |       COLONATTR
390                         { $$ = Nullop; }
391         ;
392
393 /* List of attributes for a "my" variable declaration */
394 myattrlist:     COLONATTR THING
395                         { $$ = $2; }
396         |       COLONATTR
397                         { $$ = Nullop; }
398         ;
399
400 /* Subroutine body - either null or a block */
401 subbody :       block   { $$ = $1; }
402         |       ';'     { $$ = Nullop; PL_expect = XSTATE; }
403         ;
404
405 package :       PACKAGE WORD ';'
406                         { package($2); }
407         ;
408
409 use     :       USE startsub
410                         { CvSPECIAL_on(PL_compcv); /* It's a BEGIN {} */ }
411                     WORD WORD listexpr ';'
412                         { utilize($1, $2, $4, $5, $6); }
413         ;
414
415 /* Ordinary expressions; logical combinations */
416 expr    :       expr ANDOP expr
417                         { $$ = newLOGOP(OP_AND, 0, $1, $3); }
418         |       expr OROP expr
419                         { $$ = newLOGOP($2, 0, $1, $3); }
420         |       expr DOROP expr
421                         { $$ = newLOGOP(OP_DOR, 0, $1, $3); }
422         |       argexpr %prec PREC_LOW
423         ;
424
425 /* Expressions are a list of terms joined by commas */
426 argexpr :       argexpr ','
427                         { $$ = $1; }
428         |       argexpr ',' term
429                         { $$ = append_elem(OP_LIST, $1, $3); }
430         |       term %prec PREC_LOW
431         ;
432
433 /* List operators */
434 listop  :       LSTOP indirob argexpr          /* print $fh @args */
435                         { $$ = convert($1, OPf_STACKED,
436                                 prepend_elem(OP_LIST, newGVREF($1,$2), $3) ); }
437         |       FUNC '(' indirob expr ')'      /* print ($fh @args */
438                         { $$ = convert($1, OPf_STACKED,
439                                 prepend_elem(OP_LIST, newGVREF($1,$3), $4) ); }
440         |       term ARROW method '(' listexprcom ')' /* $foo->bar(list) */
441                         { $$ = convert(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
442                                 append_elem(OP_LIST,
443                                     prepend_elem(OP_LIST, scalar($1), $5),
444                                     newUNOP(OP_METHOD, 0, $3))); }
445         |       term ARROW method                     /* $foo->bar */
446                         { $$ = convert(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
447                                 append_elem(OP_LIST, scalar($1),
448                                     newUNOP(OP_METHOD, 0, $3))); }
449         |       METHOD indirob listexpr              /* new Class @args */
450                         { $$ = convert(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
451                                 append_elem(OP_LIST,
452                                     prepend_elem(OP_LIST, $2, $3),
453                                     newUNOP(OP_METHOD, 0, $1))); }
454         |       FUNCMETH indirob '(' listexprcom ')' /* method $object (@args) */
455                         { $$ = convert(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
456                                 append_elem(OP_LIST,
457                                     prepend_elem(OP_LIST, $2, $4),
458                                     newUNOP(OP_METHOD, 0, $1))); }
459         |       LSTOP listexpr                       /* print @args */
460                         { $$ = convert($1, 0, $2); }
461         |       FUNC '(' listexprcom ')'             /* print (@args) */
462                         { $$ = convert($1, 0, $3); }
463         |       LSTOPSUB startanonsub block          /* map { foo } ... */
464                         { $3 = newANONATTRSUB($2, 0, Nullop, $3); }
465                     listexpr            %prec LSTOP  /* ... @bar */
466                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
467                                  append_elem(OP_LIST,
468                                    prepend_elem(OP_LIST, $3, $5), $1)); }
469         ;
470
471 /* Names of methods. May use $object->$methodname */
472 method  :       METHOD
473         |       scalar
474         ;
475
476 /* Some kind of subscripted expression */
477 subscripted:    star '{' expr ';' '}'        /* *main::{something} */
478                         /* In this and all the hash accessors, ';' is
479                          * provided by the tokeniser */
480                         { $$ = newBINOP(OP_GELEM, 0, $1, scalar($3)); }
481         |       scalar '[' expr ']'          /* $array[$element] */
482                         { $$ = newBINOP(OP_AELEM, 0, oopsAV($1), scalar($3)); }
483         |       term ARROW '[' expr ']'      /* somearef->[$element] */
484                         { $$ = newBINOP(OP_AELEM, 0,
485                                         ref(newAVREF($1),OP_RV2AV),
486                                         scalar($4));}
487         |       subscripted '[' expr ']'    /* $foo->[$bar]->[$baz] */
488                         { $$ = newBINOP(OP_AELEM, 0,
489                                         ref(newAVREF($1),OP_RV2AV),
490                                         scalar($3));}
491         |       scalar '{' expr ';' '}'    /* $foo->{bar();} */
492                         { $$ = newBINOP(OP_HELEM, 0, oopsHV($1), jmaybe($3));
493                             PL_expect = XOPERATOR; }
494         |       term ARROW '{' expr ';' '}' /* somehref->{bar();} */
495                         { $$ = newBINOP(OP_HELEM, 0,
496                                         ref(newHVREF($1),OP_RV2HV),
497                                         jmaybe($4));
498                             PL_expect = XOPERATOR; }
499         |       subscripted '{' expr ';' '}' /* $foo->[bar]->{baz;} */
500                         { $$ = newBINOP(OP_HELEM, 0,
501                                         ref(newHVREF($1),OP_RV2HV),
502                                         jmaybe($3));
503                             PL_expect = XOPERATOR; }
504         |       term ARROW '(' ')'          /* $subref->() */
505                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
506                                    newCVREF(0, scalar($1))); }
507         |       term ARROW '(' expr ')'     /* $subref->(@args) */
508                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
509                                    append_elem(OP_LIST, $4,
510                                        newCVREF(0, scalar($1)))); }
511
512         |       subscripted '(' expr ')'   /* $foo->{bar}->(@args) */
513                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
514                                    append_elem(OP_LIST, $3,
515                                                newCVREF(0, scalar($1)))); }
516         |       subscripted '(' ')'        /* $foo->{bar}->() */
517                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
518                                    newCVREF(0, scalar($1))); }
519     ;
520
521 /* Binary operators between terms */
522 termbinop       :       term ASSIGNOP term             /* $x = $y */
523                         { $$ = newASSIGNOP(OPf_STACKED, $1, $2, $3); }
524         |       term POWOP term                        /* $x ** $y */
525                         { $$ = newBINOP($2, 0, scalar($1), scalar($3)); }
526         |       term MULOP term                        /* $x * $y, $x x $y */
527                         {   if ($2 != OP_REPEAT)
528                                 scalar($1);
529                             $$ = newBINOP($2, 0, $1, scalar($3)); }
530         |       term ADDOP term                        /* $x + $y */
531                         { $$ = newBINOP($2, 0, scalar($1), scalar($3)); }
532         |       term SHIFTOP term                      /* $x >> $y, $x << $y */
533                         { $$ = newBINOP($2, 0, scalar($1), scalar($3)); }
534         |       term RELOP term                        /* $x > $y, etc. */
535                         { $$ = newBINOP($2, 0, scalar($1), scalar($3)); }
536         |       term EQOP term                         /* $x == $y, $x eq $y */
537                         { $$ = newBINOP($2, 0, scalar($1), scalar($3)); }
538         |       term BITANDOP term                     /* $x & $y */
539                         { $$ = newBINOP($2, 0, scalar($1), scalar($3)); }
540         |       term BITOROP term                      /* $x | $y */
541                         { $$ = newBINOP($2, 0, scalar($1), scalar($3)); }
542         |       term DOTDOT term                       /* $x..$y, $x...$y */
543                         { $$ = newRANGE($2, scalar($1), scalar($3));}
544         |       term ANDAND term                       /* $x && $y */
545                         { $$ = newLOGOP(OP_AND, 0, $1, $3); }
546         |       term OROR term                         /* $x || $y */
547                         { $$ = newLOGOP(OP_OR, 0, $1, $3); }
548         |       term DORDOR term                       /* $x // $y */
549                         { $$ = newLOGOP(OP_DOR, 0, $1, $3); }
550         |       term MATCHOP term                      /* $x =~ /$y/ */
551                         { $$ = bind_match($2, $1, $3); }
552     ;
553
554 /* Unary operators and terms */
555 termunop : '-' term %prec UMINUS                       /* -$x */
556                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_NEGATE, 0, scalar($2)); }
557         |       '+' term %prec UMINUS                  /* +$x */
558                         { $$ = $2; }
559         |       '!' term                               /* !$x */
560                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_NOT, 0, scalar($2)); }
561         |       '~' term                               /* ~$x */
562                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_COMPLEMENT, 0, scalar($2));}
563         |       term POSTINC                           /* $x++ */
564                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_POSTINC, 0,
565                                         mod(scalar($1), OP_POSTINC)); }
566         |       term POSTDEC                           /* $x-- */
567                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_POSTDEC, 0,
568                                         mod(scalar($1), OP_POSTDEC)); }
569         |       PREINC term                            /* ++$x */
570                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_PREINC, 0,
571                                         mod(scalar($2), OP_PREINC)); }
572         |       PREDEC term                            /* --$x */
573                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_PREDEC, 0,
574                                         mod(scalar($2), OP_PREDEC)); }
575
576     ;
577
578 /* Constructors for anonymous data */
579 anonymous:      '[' expr ']'
580                         { $$ = newANONLIST($2); }
581         |       '[' ']'
582                         { $$ = newANONLIST(Nullop); }
583         |       HASHBRACK expr ';' '}'  %prec '(' /* { foo => "Bar" } */
584                         { $$ = newANONHASH($2); }
585         |       HASHBRACK ';' '}'       %prec '(' /* { } (';' by tokener) */
586                         { $$ = newANONHASH(Nullop); }
587         |       ANONSUB startanonsub proto subattrlist block    %prec '('
588                         { $$ = newANONATTRSUB($2, $3, $4, $5); }
589
590     ;
591
592 /* Things called with "do" */
593 termdo  :       DO term %prec UNIOP                     /* do $filename */
594                         { $$ = dofile($2); }
595         |       DO block        %prec '('               /* do { code */
596                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_NULL, OPf_SPECIAL, scope($2)); }
597         |       DO WORD '(' ')'                         /* do somesub() */
598                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB,
599                             OPf_SPECIAL|OPf_STACKED,
600                             prepend_elem(OP_LIST,
601                                 scalar(newCVREF(
602                                     (OPpENTERSUB_AMPER<<8),
603                                     scalar($2)
604                                 )),Nullop)); dep();}
605         |       DO WORD '(' expr ')'                    /* do somesub(@args) */
606                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB,
607                             OPf_SPECIAL|OPf_STACKED,
608                             append_elem(OP_LIST,
609                                 $4,
610                                 scalar(newCVREF(
611                                     (OPpENTERSUB_AMPER<<8),
612                                     scalar($2)
613                                 )))); dep();}
614         |       DO scalar '(' ')'                      /* do $subref () */
615                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_SPECIAL|OPf_STACKED,
616                             prepend_elem(OP_LIST,
617                                 scalar(newCVREF(0,scalar($2))), Nullop)); dep();}
618         |       DO scalar '(' expr ')'                 /* do $subref (@args) */
619                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_SPECIAL|OPf_STACKED,
620                             prepend_elem(OP_LIST,
621                                 $4,
622                                 scalar(newCVREF(0,scalar($2))))); dep();}
623
624         ;
625
626 term    :       termbinop
627         |       termunop
628         |       anonymous
629         |       termdo
630         |       term '?' term ':' term
631                         { $$ = newCONDOP(0, $1, $3, $5); }
632         |       REFGEN term                          /* \$x, \@y, \%z */
633                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_REFGEN, 0, mod($2,OP_REFGEN)); }
634         |       myattrterm      %prec UNIOP
635                         { $$ = $1; }
636         |       LOCAL term      %prec UNIOP
637                         { $$ = localize($2,$1); }
638         |       '(' expr ')'
639                         { $$ = sawparens($2); }
640         |       '(' ')'
641                         { $$ = sawparens(newNULLLIST()); }
642         |       scalar  %prec '('
643                         { $$ = $1; }
644         |       star    %prec '('
645                         { $$ = $1; }
646         |       hsh     %prec '('
647                         { $$ = $1; }
648         |       ary     %prec '('
649                         { $$ = $1; }
650         |       arylen  %prec '('                    /* $#x, $#{ something } */
651                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_AV2ARYLEN, 0, ref($1, OP_AV2ARYLEN));}
652         |       subscripted
653                         { $$ = $1; }
654         |       '(' expr ')' '[' expr ']'            /* list slice */
655                         { $$ = newSLICEOP(0, $5, $2); }
656         |       '(' ')' '[' expr ']'                 /* empty list slice! */
657                         { $$ = newSLICEOP(0, $4, Nullop); }
658         |       ary '[' expr ']'                     /* array slice */
659                         { $$ = prepend_elem(OP_ASLICE,
660                                 newOP(OP_PUSHMARK, 0),
661                                     newLISTOP(OP_ASLICE, 0,
662                                         list($3),
663                                         ref($1, OP_ASLICE))); }
664         |       ary '{' expr ';' '}'                 /* @hash{@keys} */
665                         { $$ = prepend_elem(OP_HSLICE,
666                                 newOP(OP_PUSHMARK, 0),
667                                     newLISTOP(OP_HSLICE, 0,
668                                         list($3),
669                                         ref(oopsHV($1), OP_HSLICE)));
670                             PL_expect = XOPERATOR; }
671         |       THING   %prec '('
672                         { $$ = $1; }
673         |       amper                                /* &foo; */
674                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, 0, scalar($1)); }
675         |       amper '(' ')'                        /* &foo() */
676                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED, scalar($1)); }
677         |       amper '(' expr ')'                   /* &foo(@args) */
678                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
679                             append_elem(OP_LIST, $3, scalar($1))); }
680         |       NOAMP WORD listexpr                  /* foo(@args) */
681                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
682                             append_elem(OP_LIST, $3, scalar($2))); }
683         |       LOOPEX  /* loop exiting command (goto, last, dump, etc) */
684                         { $$ = newOP($1, OPf_SPECIAL);
685                             PL_hints |= HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE; }
686         |       LOOPEX term
687                         { $$ = newLOOPEX($1,$2); }
688         |       NOTOP argexpr                        /* not $foo */
689                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_NOT, 0, scalar($2)); }
690         |       UNIOP                                /* Unary op, $_ implied */
691                         { $$ = newOP($1, 0); }
692         |       UNIOP block                          /* eval { foo }, I *think* */
693                         { $$ = newUNOP($1, 0, $2); }
694         |       UNIOP term                           /* Unary op */
695                         { $$ = newUNOP($1, 0, $2); }
696         |       UNIOPSUB term                        /* Sub treated as unop */
697                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
698                             append_elem(OP_LIST, $2, scalar($1))); }
699         |       FUNC0                                /* Nullary operator */
700                         { $$ = newOP($1, 0); }
701         |       FUNC0 '(' ')'
702                         { $$ = newOP($1, 0); }
703         |       FUNC0SUB                             /* Sub treated as nullop */
704                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
705                                 scalar($1)); }
706         |       FUNC1 '(' ')'                        /* not () */
707                         { $$ = newOP($1, OPf_SPECIAL); }
708         |       FUNC1 '(' expr ')'                   /* not($foo) */
709                         { $$ = newUNOP($1, 0, $3); }
710         |       PMFUNC '(' term ')'                  /* split (/foo/) */
711                         { $$ = pmruntime($1, $3, Nullop); }
712         |       PMFUNC '(' term ',' term ')'         /* split (/foo/,$bar) */
713                         { $$ = pmruntime($1, $3, $5); }
714         |       WORD
715         |       listop
716         ;
717
718 /* "my" declarations, with optional attributes */
719 myattrterm:     MY myterm myattrlist
720                         { $$ = my_attrs($2,$3); }
721         |       MY myterm
722                         { $$ = localize($2,$1); }
723         ;
724
725 /* Things that can be "my"'d */
726 myterm  :       '(' expr ')'
727                         { $$ = sawparens($2); }
728         |       '(' ')'
729                         { $$ = sawparens(newNULLLIST()); }
730         |       scalar  %prec '('
731                         { $$ = $1; }
732         |       hsh     %prec '('
733                         { $$ = $1; }
734         |       ary     %prec '('
735                         { $$ = $1; }
736         ;
737
738 /* Basic list expressions */
739 listexpr:       /* NULL */ %prec PREC_LOW
740                         { $$ = Nullop; }
741         |       argexpr    %prec PREC_LOW
742                         { $$ = $1; }
743         ;
744
745 listexprcom:    /* NULL */
746                         { $$ = Nullop; }
747         |       expr
748                         { $$ = $1; }
749         |       expr ','
750                         { $$ = $1; }
751         ;
752
753 /* A little bit of trickery to make "for my $foo (@bar)" actually be
754    lexical */
755 my_scalar:      scalar
756                         { PL_in_my = 0; $$ = my($1); }
757         ;
758
759 amper   :       '&' indirob
760                         { $$ = newCVREF($1,$2); }
761         ;
762
763 scalar  :       '$' indirob
764                         { $$ = newSVREF($2); }
765         ;
766
767 ary     :       '@' indirob
768                         { $$ = newAVREF($2); }
769         ;
770
771 hsh     :       '%' indirob
772                         { $$ = newHVREF($2); }
773         ;
774
775 arylen  :       DOLSHARP indirob
776                         { $$ = newAVREF($2); }
777         ;
778
779 star    :       '*' indirob
780                         { $$ = newGVREF(0,$2); }
781         ;
782
783 /* Indirect objects */
784 indirob :       WORD
785                         { $$ = scalar($1); }
786         |       scalar %prec PREC_LOW
787                         { $$ = scalar($1);  }
788         |       block
789                         { $$ = scope($1); }
790
791         |       PRIVATEREF
792                         { $$ = $1; }
793         ;
794
795 %% /* PROGRAM */
796
797 /* more stuff added to make perly_c.diff easier to apply */
798
799 #ifdef yyparse
800 #undef yyparse
801 #endif
802 #define yyparse() Perl_yyparse(pTHX)
803