3 * Copyright (C) 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
4 * 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * "A ship then new they built for him/of mithril and of elven glass" --Bilbo
15 /* This file contains the top-level functions that are used to create, use
16 * and destroy a perl interpreter, plus the functions used by XS code to
17 * call back into perl. Note that it does not contain the actual main()
18 * function of the interpreter; that can be found in perlmain.c
23 * Be proud that perl(1) may proclaim:
24 * Setuid Perl scripts are safer than C programs ...
25 * Do not abandon (deprecate) suidperl. Do not advocate C wrappers.
27 * The flow was: perl starts, notices script is suid, execs suidperl with same
28 * arguments; suidperl opens script, checks many things, sets itself with
29 * right UID, execs perl with similar arguments but with script pre-opened on
30 * /dev/fd/xxx; perl checks script is as should be and does work. This was
31 * insecure: see perlsec(1) for many problems with this approach.
33 * The "correct" flow should be: perl starts, opens script and notices it is
34 * suid, checks many things, execs suidperl with similar arguments but with
35 * script on /dev/fd/xxx; suidperl checks script and /dev/fd/xxx object are
36 * same, checks arguments match #! line, sets itself with right UID, execs
37 * perl with same arguments; perl checks many things and does work.
39 * (Opening the script in perl instead of suidperl, we "lose" scripts that
40 * are readable to the target UID but not to the invoker. Where did
41 * unreadable scripts work anyway?)
43 * For now, suidperl and perl are pretty much the same large and cumbersome
44 * program, so suidperl can check its argument list (see comments elsewhere).
47 * Original bug report:
48 * http://bugs.perl.org/index.html?req=bug_id&bug_id=20010322.218
49 * http://rt.perl.org/rt2/Ticket/Display.html?id=6511
50 * Comments and discussion with Debian:
51 * http://bugs.debian.org/203426
52 * http://bugs.debian.org/220486
53 * Debian Security Advisory DSA 431-1 (does not fully fix problem):
54 * http://www.debian.org/security/2004/dsa-431
56 * http://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CAN-2003-0618
57 * Previous versions of this patch sent to perl5-porters:
58 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg71953.html
59 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75245.html
60 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75563.html
61 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75635.html
63 Paul Szabo - psz@maths.usyd.edu.au http://www.maths.usyd.edu.au:8000/u/psz/
64 School of Mathematics and Statistics University of Sydney 2006 Australia
68 * Use truthful, neat, specific error messages.
69 * Cannot always hide the truth; security must not depend on doing so.
73 * Use global(?), thread-local fdscript for easier checks.
74 * (I do not understand how we could possibly get a thread race:
75 * do not all threads go through the same initialization? Or in
76 * fact, are not threads started only after we get the script and
77 * so know what to do? Oh well, make things super-safe...)
81 #define PERL_IN_PERL_C
83 #include "patchlevel.h" /* for local_patches */
87 char *nw_get_sitelib(const char *pl);
90 /* XXX If this causes problems, set i_unistd=undef in the hint file. */
95 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
97 # include <sys/wait.h>
100 # include <sys/uio.h>
105 char control[CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(int))];
122 #if !defined(STANDARD_C) && !defined(HAS_GETENV_PROTOTYPE) && !defined(PERL_MICRO)
123 char *getenv (char *); /* Usually in <stdlib.h> */
126 static I32 read_e_script(pTHX_ int idx, SV *buf_sv, int maxlen);
134 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
141 /* This reference ensures that the mathoms are linked with perl */
142 extern void Perl_mathoms(void);
143 void Perl_mathoms_ref(void);
144 void Perl_mathoms_ref(void) {
150 S_init_tls_and_interp(PerlInterpreter *my_perl)
154 PERL_SET_INTERP(my_perl);
155 #if defined(USE_ITHREADS)
158 PERL_SET_THX(my_perl);
160 MUTEX_INIT(&PL_dollarzero_mutex);
162 #ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
163 MUTEX_INIT(&PL_my_ctx_mutex);
167 PERL_SET_THX(my_perl);
171 #ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
173 perl_alloc_using(struct IPerlMem* ipM, struct IPerlMem* ipMS,
174 struct IPerlMem* ipMP, struct IPerlEnv* ipE,
175 struct IPerlStdIO* ipStd, struct IPerlLIO* ipLIO,
176 struct IPerlDir* ipD, struct IPerlSock* ipS,
177 struct IPerlProc* ipP)
179 PerlInterpreter *my_perl;
180 /* Newx() needs interpreter, so call malloc() instead */
181 my_perl = (PerlInterpreter*)(*ipM->pMalloc)(ipM, sizeof(PerlInterpreter));
182 S_init_tls_and_interp(my_perl);
183 Zero(my_perl, 1, PerlInterpreter);
199 =head1 Embedding Functions
201 =for apidoc perl_alloc
203 Allocates a new Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
211 PerlInterpreter *my_perl;
213 /* Newx() needs interpreter, so call malloc() instead */
214 my_perl = (PerlInterpreter*)PerlMem_malloc(sizeof(PerlInterpreter));
216 S_init_tls_and_interp(my_perl);
217 return (PerlInterpreter *) ZeroD(my_perl, 1, PerlInterpreter);
219 #endif /* PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS */
222 =for apidoc perl_construct
224 Initializes a new Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
230 perl_construct(pTHXx)
233 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(my_perl);
236 PL_perl_destruct_level = 1;
238 if (PL_perl_destruct_level > 0)
241 /* Init the real globals (and main thread)? */
243 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling; /* needed by ckWARN, right away */
245 PL_linestr = NEWSV(65,79);
246 sv_upgrade(PL_linestr,SVt_PVIV);
248 if (!SvREADONLY(&PL_sv_undef)) {
249 /* set read-only and try to insure than we wont see REFCNT==0
252 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_undef);
253 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_undef) = (~(U32)0)/2;
255 sv_setpv(&PL_sv_no,PL_No);
256 /* value lookup in void context - happens to have the side effect
257 of caching the numeric forms. */
260 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_no);
261 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_no) = (~(U32)0)/2;
263 sv_setpv(&PL_sv_yes,PL_Yes);
266 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_yes);
267 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_yes) = (~(U32)0)/2;
269 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_placeholder);
270 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_placeholder) = (~(U32)0)/2;
273 PL_sighandlerp = (Sighandler_t) Perl_sighandler;
274 #ifdef PERL_USES_PL_PIDSTATUS
275 PL_pidstatus = newHV();
279 PL_rs = newSVpvs("\n");
284 PL_lex_state = LEX_NOTPARSING;
290 SET_NUMERIC_STANDARD();
292 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
293 PL_localpatches = local_patches; /* For possible -v */
296 #ifdef HAVE_INTERP_INTERN
300 PerlIO_init(aTHX); /* Hook to IO system */
302 PL_fdpid = newAV(); /* for remembering popen pids by fd */
303 PL_modglobal = newHV(); /* pointers to per-interpreter module globals */
304 PL_errors = newSVpvs("");
305 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(0), "", 0); /* For regex debugging. */
306 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(1), "", 0); /* ext/re needs these */
307 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(2), "", 0); /* even without DEBUGGING. */
309 PL_regex_padav = newAV();
310 av_push(PL_regex_padav,(SV*)newAV()); /* First entry is an array of empty elements */
311 PL_regex_pad = AvARRAY(PL_regex_padav);
313 #ifdef USE_REENTRANT_API
314 Perl_reentrant_init(aTHX);
317 /* Note that strtab is a rather special HV. Assumptions are made
318 about not iterating on it, and not adding tie magic to it.
319 It is properly deallocated in perl_destruct() */
322 HvSHAREKEYS_off(PL_strtab); /* mandatory */
323 hv_ksplit(PL_strtab, 512);
325 #if defined(__DYNAMIC__) && (defined(NeXT) || defined(__NeXT__))
326 _dyld_lookup_and_bind
327 ("__environ", (unsigned long *) &environ_pointer, NULL);
331 # ifdef USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY
332 PL_origenviron = environ;
336 /* Use sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK) if available, if not
337 * available or if the sysconf() fails, use the HZ.
338 * BeOS has those, but returns the wrong value.
339 * The HZ if not originally defined has been by now
340 * been defined as CLK_TCK, if available. */
341 #if defined(HAS_SYSCONF) && defined(_SC_CLK_TCK) && !defined(__BEOS__)
342 PL_clocktick = sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK);
343 if (PL_clocktick <= 0)
347 PL_stashcache = newHV();
349 PL_patchlevel = Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "%d.%d.%d", (int)PERL_REVISION,
350 (int)PERL_VERSION, (int)PERL_SUBVERSION);
353 if (!PL_mmap_page_size) {
354 #if defined(HAS_SYSCONF) && (defined(_SC_PAGESIZE) || defined(_SC_MMAP_PAGE_SIZE))
356 SETERRNO(0, SS_NORMAL);
358 PL_mmap_page_size = sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE);
360 PL_mmap_page_size = sysconf(_SC_MMAP_PAGE_SIZE);
362 if ((long) PL_mmap_page_size < 0) {
364 SV * const error = ERRSV;
365 (void) SvUPGRADE(error, SVt_PV);
366 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: sysconf: %s", SvPV_nolen_const(error));
369 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: sysconf: pagesize unknown");
373 # ifdef HAS_GETPAGESIZE
374 PL_mmap_page_size = getpagesize();
376 # if defined(I_SYS_PARAM) && defined(PAGESIZE)
377 PL_mmap_page_size = PAGESIZE; /* compiletime, bad */
381 if (PL_mmap_page_size <= 0)
382 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: bad pagesize %" IVdf,
383 (IV) PL_mmap_page_size);
385 #endif /* HAS_MMAP */
387 #if defined(HAS_TIMES) && defined(PERL_NEED_TIMESBASE)
388 PL_timesbase.tms_utime = 0;
389 PL_timesbase.tms_stime = 0;
390 PL_timesbase.tms_cutime = 0;
391 PL_timesbase.tms_cstime = 0;
398 =for apidoc nothreadhook
400 Stub that provides thread hook for perl_destruct when there are
407 Perl_nothreadhook(pTHX)
412 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
414 Perl_dump_sv_child(pTHX_ SV *sv)
417 const int sock = PL_dumper_fd;
418 const int debug_fd = PerlIO_fileno(Perl_debug_log);
419 union control_un control;
422 struct cmsghdr *cmptr;
424 unsigned char buffer[256];
426 if(sock == -1 || debug_fd == -1)
429 PerlIO_flush(Perl_debug_log);
431 /* All these shenanigans are to pass a file descriptor over to our child for
432 it to dump out to. We can't let it hold open the file descriptor when it
433 forks, as the file descriptor it will dump to can turn out to be one end
434 of pipe that some other process will wait on for EOF. (So as it would
435 be open, the wait would be forever. */
437 msg.msg_control = control.control;
438 msg.msg_controllen = sizeof(control.control);
439 /* We're a connected socket so we don't need a destination */
445 cmptr = CMSG_FIRSTHDR(&msg);
446 cmptr->cmsg_len = CMSG_LEN(sizeof(int));
447 cmptr->cmsg_level = SOL_SOCKET;
448 cmptr->cmsg_type = SCM_RIGHTS;
449 *((int *)CMSG_DATA(cmptr)) = 1;
451 vec[0].iov_base = (void*)&sv;
452 vec[0].iov_len = sizeof(sv);
453 got = sendmsg(sock, &msg, 0);
456 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent sendmsg failed");
459 if(got < sizeof(sv)) {
460 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent short sendmsg");
464 /* Return protocol is
466 unsigned char: length of location string (0 for empty)
467 unsigned char*: string (not terminated)
469 vec[0].iov_base = (void*)&returned_errno;
470 vec[0].iov_len = sizeof(returned_errno);
471 vec[1].iov_base = buffer;
474 got = readv(sock, vec, 2);
477 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent read failed");
478 PerlIO_flush(PerlIO_stderr());
481 if(got < sizeof(returned_errno) + 1) {
482 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent short read");
483 PerlIO_flush(PerlIO_stderr());
488 got = read(sock, buffer + 1, *buffer);
490 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent read 2 failed");
491 PerlIO_flush(PerlIO_stderr());
496 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent short read 2");
497 PerlIO_flush(PerlIO_stderr());
502 if (returned_errno || *buffer) {
503 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "Debug leaking scalars child failed%s%.*s with errno"
504 " %d: %s", (*buffer ? " at " : ""), (int) *buffer, buffer + 1,
505 returned_errno, strerror(returned_errno));
511 =for apidoc perl_destruct
513 Shuts down a Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
522 volatile int destruct_level; /* 0=none, 1=full, 2=full with checks */
524 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
528 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(my_perl);
530 /* wait for all pseudo-forked children to finish */
531 PERL_WAIT_FOR_CHILDREN;
533 destruct_level = PL_perl_destruct_level;
536 const char * const s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL");
538 const int i = atoi(s);
539 if (destruct_level < i)
545 if (PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_DESTRUCT_END) {
551 if (PL_endav && !PL_minus_c)
552 call_list(PL_scopestack_ix, PL_endav);
558 /* Need to flush since END blocks can produce output */
561 if (CALL_FPTR(PL_threadhook)(aTHX)) {
562 /* Threads hook has vetoed further cleanup */
566 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
567 if (destruct_level != 0) {
568 /* Fork here to create a child. Our child's job is to preserve the
569 state of scalars prior to destruction, so that we can instruct it
570 to dump any scalars that we later find have leaked.
571 There's no subtlety in this code - it assumes POSIX, and it doesn't
575 if(socketpair(AF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, 0, fd)) {
576 perror("Debug leaking scalars socketpair failed");
582 perror("Debug leaking scalars fork failed");
586 /* We are the child */
587 const int sock = fd[1];
588 const int debug_fd = PerlIO_fileno(Perl_debug_log);
591 /* Our success message is an integer 0, and a char 0 */
592 static const char success[sizeof(int) + 1];
596 /* We need to close all other file descriptors otherwise we end up
597 with interesting hangs, where the parent closes its end of a
598 pipe, and sits waiting for (another) child to terminate. Only
599 that child never terminates, because it never gets EOF, because
600 we also have the far end of the pipe open. We even need to
601 close the debugging fd, because sometimes it happens to be one
602 end of a pipe, and a process is waiting on the other end for
603 EOF. Normally it would be closed at some point earlier in
604 destruction, but if we happen to cause the pipe to remain open,
605 EOF never occurs, and we get an infinite hang. Hence all the
606 games to pass in a file descriptor if it's actually needed. */
608 f = sysconf(_SC_OPEN_MAX);
610 where = "sysconf failed";
621 union control_un control;
624 struct cmsghdr *cmptr;
628 msg.msg_control = control.control;
629 msg.msg_controllen = sizeof(control.control);
630 /* We're a connected socket so we don't need a source */
634 msg.msg_iovlen = sizeof(vec)/sizeof(vec[0]);
636 vec[0].iov_base = (void*)⌖
637 vec[0].iov_len = sizeof(target);
639 got = recvmsg(sock, &msg, 0);
644 where = "recv failed";
647 if(got < sizeof(target)) {
648 where = "short recv";
652 if(!(cmptr = CMSG_FIRSTHDR(&msg))) {
656 if(cmptr->cmsg_len != CMSG_LEN(sizeof(int))) {
657 where = "wrong cmsg_len";
660 if(cmptr->cmsg_level != SOL_SOCKET) {
661 where = "wrong cmsg_level";
664 if(cmptr->cmsg_type != SCM_RIGHTS) {
665 where = "wrong cmsg_type";
669 got_fd = *(int*)CMSG_DATA(cmptr);
670 /* For our last little bit of trickery, put the file descriptor
671 back into Perl_debug_log, as if we never actually closed it
673 if(got_fd != debug_fd) {
674 if (dup2(got_fd, debug_fd) == -1) {
681 PerlIO_flush(Perl_debug_log);
683 got = write(sock, &success, sizeof(success));
686 where = "write failed";
689 if(got < sizeof(success)) {
690 where = "short write";
697 int send_errno = errno;
698 unsigned char length = (unsigned char) strlen(where);
699 struct iovec failure[3] = {
700 {(void*)&send_errno, sizeof(send_errno)},
702 {(void*)where, length}
704 int got = writev(sock, failure, 3);
705 /* Bad news travels fast. Faster than data. We'll get a SIGPIPE
706 in the parent if we try to read from the socketpair after the
707 child has exited, even if there was data to read.
708 So sleep a bit to give the parent a fighting chance of
711 _exit((got == -1) ? errno : 0);
715 PL_dumper_fd = fd[0];
720 /* We must account for everything. */
722 /* Destroy the main CV and syntax tree */
723 /* Do this now, because destroying ops can cause new SVs to be generated
724 in Perl_pad_swipe, and when running with -DDEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS they
725 PL_curcop to point to a valid op from which the filename structure
727 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
729 /* ensure comppad/curpad to refer to main's pad */
730 if (CvPADLIST(PL_main_cv)) {
731 PAD_SET_CUR_NOSAVE(CvPADLIST(PL_main_cv), 1);
733 op_free(PL_main_root);
734 PL_main_root = Nullop;
736 PL_main_start = Nullop;
737 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_main_cv);
741 /* Tell PerlIO we are about to tear things apart in case
742 we have layers which are using resources that should
746 PerlIO_destruct(aTHX);
748 if (PL_sv_objcount) {
750 * Try to destruct global references. We do this first so that the
751 * destructors and destructees still exist. Some sv's might remain.
752 * Non-referenced objects are on their own.
756 if (PL_defoutgv && !SvREFCNT(PL_defoutgv))
757 PL_defoutgv = Nullgv; /* may have been freed */
760 /* unhook hooks which will soon be, or use, destroyed data */
761 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_warnhook);
762 PL_warnhook = Nullsv;
763 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_diehook);
766 /* call exit list functions */
767 while (PL_exitlistlen-- > 0)
768 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].fn(aTHX_ PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].ptr);
770 Safefree(PL_exitlist);
775 if (destruct_level == 0){
777 DEBUG_P(debprofdump());
779 #if defined(PERLIO_LAYERS)
780 /* No more IO - including error messages ! */
781 PerlIO_cleanup(aTHX);
784 /* The exit() function will do everything that needs doing. */
788 /* jettison our possibly duplicated environment */
789 /* if PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV is defined environ will not have been copied
790 * so we certainly shouldn't free it here
793 #if defined(USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY) && !defined(PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV)
794 if (environ != PL_origenviron && !PL_use_safe_putenv
796 /* only main thread can free environ[0] contents */
797 && PL_curinterp == aTHX
803 for (i = 0; environ[i]; i++)
804 safesysfree(environ[i]);
806 /* Must use safesysfree() when working with environ. */
807 safesysfree(environ);
809 environ = PL_origenviron;
812 #endif /* !PERL_MICRO */
814 /* reset so print() ends up where we expect */
818 /* the syntax tree is shared between clones
819 * so op_free(PL_main_root) only ReREFCNT_dec's
820 * REGEXPs in the parent interpreter
821 * we need to manually ReREFCNT_dec for the clones
824 I32 i = AvFILLp(PL_regex_padav) + 1;
825 SV * const * const ary = AvARRAY(PL_regex_padav);
828 SV * const resv = ary[--i];
830 if (SvFLAGS(resv) & SVf_BREAK) {
831 /* this is PL_reg_curpm, already freed
832 * flag is set in regexec.c:S_regtry
834 SvFLAGS(resv) &= ~SVf_BREAK;
836 else if(SvREPADTMP(resv)) {
837 SvREPADTMP_off(resv);
839 else if(SvIOKp(resv)) {
840 REGEXP *re = INT2PTR(REGEXP *,SvIVX(resv));
845 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_regex_padav);
846 PL_regex_padav = NULL;
850 SvREFCNT_dec((SV*) PL_stashcache);
851 PL_stashcache = NULL;
853 /* loosen bonds of global variables */
856 (void)PerlIO_close(PL_rsfp);
860 /* Filters for program text */
861 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rsfp_filters);
862 PL_rsfp_filters = NULL;
865 PL_preprocess = FALSE;
871 PL_doswitches = FALSE;
872 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_OFF;
873 PL_doextract = FALSE;
874 PL_sawampersand = FALSE; /* must save all match strings */
877 Safefree(PL_inplace);
879 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_patchlevel);
882 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
883 PL_e_script = Nullsv;
888 /* magical thingies */
890 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ofs_sv); /* $, */
893 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ors_sv); /* $\ */
896 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rs); /* $/ */
899 PL_multiline = 0; /* $* */
900 Safefree(PL_osname); /* $^O */
903 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_statname);
904 PL_statname = Nullsv;
907 /* defgv, aka *_ should be taken care of elsewhere */
909 /* clean up after study() */
910 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_lastscream);
911 PL_lastscream = Nullsv;
912 Safefree(PL_screamfirst);
914 Safefree(PL_screamnext);
918 Safefree(PL_efloatbuf);
919 PL_efloatbuf = Nullch;
922 /* startup and shutdown function lists */
923 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_beginav);
924 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_beginav_save);
925 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_endav);
926 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_checkav);
927 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_checkav_save);
928 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_initav);
930 PL_beginav_save = NULL;
933 PL_checkav_save = NULL;
936 /* shortcuts just get cleared */
942 PL_argvoutgv = Nullgv;
944 PL_stderrgv = Nullgv;
945 PL_last_in_gv = Nullgv;
950 PL_DBsingle = Nullsv;
952 PL_DBsignal = Nullsv;
953 PL_DBassertion = Nullsv;
958 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_argvout_stack);
959 PL_argvout_stack = NULL;
961 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_modglobal);
963 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_preambleav);
964 PL_preambleav = NULL;
965 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_subname);
967 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_linestr);
969 #ifdef PERL_USES_PL_PIDSTATUS
970 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_pidstatus);
973 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_toptarget);
974 PL_toptarget = Nullsv;
975 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_bodytarget);
976 PL_bodytarget = Nullsv;
977 PL_formtarget = Nullsv;
979 /* free locale stuff */
980 #ifdef USE_LOCALE_COLLATE
981 Safefree(PL_collation_name);
982 PL_collation_name = Nullch;
985 #ifdef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC
986 Safefree(PL_numeric_name);
987 PL_numeric_name = Nullch;
988 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_numeric_radix_sv);
989 PL_numeric_radix_sv = Nullsv;
992 /* clear utf8 character classes */
993 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alnum);
994 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alnumc);
995 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_ascii);
996 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alpha);
997 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_space);
998 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_cntrl);
999 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_graph);
1000 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_digit);
1001 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_upper);
1002 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_lower);
1003 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_print);
1004 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_punct);
1005 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_xdigit);
1006 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_mark);
1007 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_toupper);
1008 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_totitle);
1009 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_tolower);
1010 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_tofold);
1011 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_idstart);
1012 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_idcont);
1013 PL_utf8_alnum = Nullsv;
1014 PL_utf8_alnumc = Nullsv;
1015 PL_utf8_ascii = Nullsv;
1016 PL_utf8_alpha = Nullsv;
1017 PL_utf8_space = Nullsv;
1018 PL_utf8_cntrl = Nullsv;
1019 PL_utf8_graph = Nullsv;
1020 PL_utf8_digit = Nullsv;
1021 PL_utf8_upper = Nullsv;
1022 PL_utf8_lower = Nullsv;
1023 PL_utf8_print = Nullsv;
1024 PL_utf8_punct = Nullsv;
1025 PL_utf8_xdigit = Nullsv;
1026 PL_utf8_mark = Nullsv;
1027 PL_utf8_toupper = Nullsv;
1028 PL_utf8_totitle = Nullsv;
1029 PL_utf8_tolower = Nullsv;
1030 PL_utf8_tofold = Nullsv;
1031 PL_utf8_idstart = Nullsv;
1032 PL_utf8_idcont = Nullsv;
1034 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
1035 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
1036 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = Nullsv;
1037 if (!specialCopIO(PL_compiling.cop_io))
1038 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_io);
1039 PL_compiling.cop_io = Nullsv;
1040 CopFILE_free(&PL_compiling);
1041 CopSTASH_free(&PL_compiling);
1043 /* Prepare to destruct main symbol table. */
1048 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_curstname);
1049 PL_curstname = Nullsv;
1051 /* clear queued errors */
1052 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_errors);
1056 if (destruct_level >= 2 && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL)) {
1057 if (PL_scopestack_ix != 0)
1058 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
1059 "Unbalanced scopes: %ld more ENTERs than LEAVEs\n",
1060 (long)PL_scopestack_ix);
1061 if (PL_savestack_ix != 0)
1062 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
1063 "Unbalanced saves: %ld more saves than restores\n",
1064 (long)PL_savestack_ix);
1065 if (PL_tmps_floor != -1)
1066 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Unbalanced tmps: %ld more allocs than frees\n",
1067 (long)PL_tmps_floor + 1);
1068 if (cxstack_ix != -1)
1069 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Unbalanced context: %ld more PUSHes than POPs\n",
1070 (long)cxstack_ix + 1);
1073 /* Now absolutely destruct everything, somehow or other, loops or no. */
1074 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) |= SVTYPEMASK; /* don't clean out pid table now */
1075 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) |= SVTYPEMASK; /* don't clean out strtab now */
1077 /* the 2 is for PL_fdpid and PL_strtab */
1078 while (PL_sv_count > 2 && sv_clean_all())
1081 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) &= ~SVTYPEMASK;
1082 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) |= SVt_PVAV;
1083 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) &= ~SVTYPEMASK;
1084 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) |= SVt_PVHV;
1086 AvREAL_off(PL_fdpid); /* no surviving entries */
1087 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_fdpid); /* needed in io_close() */
1090 #ifdef HAVE_INTERP_INTERN
1094 /* Destruct the global string table. */
1096 /* Yell and reset the HeVAL() slots that are still holding refcounts,
1097 * so that sv_free() won't fail on them.
1098 * Now that the global string table is using a single hunk of memory
1099 * for both HE and HEK, we either need to explicitly unshare it the
1100 * correct way, or actually free things here.
1103 const I32 max = HvMAX(PL_strtab);
1104 HE * const * const array = HvARRAY(PL_strtab);
1105 HE *hent = array[0];
1108 if (hent && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL)) {
1109 HE * const next = HeNEXT(hent);
1110 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
1111 "Unbalanced string table refcount: (%ld) for \"%s\"",
1112 (long)(HeVAL(hent) - Nullsv), HeKEY(hent));
1119 hent = array[riter];
1124 HvARRAY(PL_strtab) = 0;
1125 HvTOTALKEYS(PL_strtab) = 0;
1126 HvFILL(PL_strtab) = 0;
1128 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_strtab);
1131 /* free the pointer tables used for cloning */
1132 ptr_table_free(PL_ptr_table);
1133 PL_ptr_table = (PTR_TBL_t*)NULL;
1136 /* free special SVs */
1138 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_yes) = 0;
1139 sv_clear(&PL_sv_yes);
1140 SvANY(&PL_sv_yes) = NULL;
1141 SvFLAGS(&PL_sv_yes) = 0;
1143 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_no) = 0;
1144 sv_clear(&PL_sv_no);
1145 SvANY(&PL_sv_no) = NULL;
1146 SvFLAGS(&PL_sv_no) = 0;
1150 for (i=0; i<=2; i++) {
1151 SvREFCNT(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = 0;
1152 sv_clear(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i));
1153 SvANY(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = NULL;
1154 SvFLAGS(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = 0;
1158 if (PL_sv_count != 0 && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
1159 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Scalars leaked: %ld\n", (long)PL_sv_count);
1161 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS
1162 if (PL_sv_count != 0) {
1167 for (sva = PL_sv_arenaroot; sva; sva = (SV*)SvANY(sva)) {
1168 svend = &sva[SvREFCNT(sva)];
1169 for (sv = sva + 1; sv < svend; ++sv) {
1170 if (SvTYPE(sv) != SVTYPEMASK) {
1171 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "leaked: sv=0x%p"
1173 " refcnt=%"UVuf pTHX__FORMAT "\n"
1174 "\tallocated at %s:%d %s %s%s\n",
1175 sv, sv->sv_flags, sv->sv_refcnt pTHX__VALUE,
1176 sv->sv_debug_file ? sv->sv_debug_file : "(unknown)",
1178 sv->sv_debug_inpad ? "for" : "by",
1179 sv->sv_debug_optype ?
1180 PL_op_name[sv->sv_debug_optype]: "(none)",
1181 sv->sv_debug_cloned ? " (cloned)" : ""
1183 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
1184 Perl_dump_sv_child(aTHX_ sv);
1190 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
1194 /* Wait for up to 4 seconds for child to terminate.
1195 This seems to be the least effort way of timing out on reaping
1197 struct timeval waitfor = {4, 0};
1198 int sock = PL_dumper_fd;
1202 FD_SET(sock, &rset);
1203 select(sock + 1, &rset, NULL, NULL, &waitfor);
1204 waitpid(child, &status, WNOHANG);
1212 #if defined(PERLIO_LAYERS)
1213 /* No more IO - including error messages ! */
1214 PerlIO_cleanup(aTHX);
1217 /* sv_undef needs to stay immortal until after PerlIO_cleanup
1218 as currently layers use it rather than Nullsv as a marker
1219 for no arg - and will try and SvREFCNT_dec it.
1221 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_undef) = 0;
1222 SvREADONLY_off(&PL_sv_undef);
1224 Safefree(PL_origfilename);
1225 PL_origfilename = Nullch;
1226 Safefree(PL_reg_start_tmp);
1227 PL_reg_start_tmp = (char**)NULL;
1228 PL_reg_start_tmpl = 0;
1229 Safefree(PL_reg_curpm);
1230 Safefree(PL_reg_poscache);
1231 free_tied_hv_pool();
1232 Safefree(PL_op_mask);
1233 Safefree(PL_psig_ptr);
1234 PL_psig_ptr = (SV**)NULL;
1235 Safefree(PL_psig_name);
1236 PL_psig_name = (SV**)NULL;
1237 Safefree(PL_bitcount);
1238 PL_bitcount = Nullch;
1239 Safefree(PL_psig_pend);
1240 PL_psig_pend = (int*)NULL;
1241 PL_formfeed = Nullsv;
1243 PL_tainting = FALSE;
1244 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
1245 PL_hints = 0; /* Reset hints. Should hints be per-interpreter ? */
1248 DEBUG_P(debprofdump());
1250 #ifdef USE_REENTRANT_API
1251 Perl_reentrant_free(aTHX);
1256 /* As the absolutely last thing, free the non-arena SV for mess() */
1259 /* we know that type == SVt_PVMG */
1261 /* it could have accumulated taint magic */
1264 for (mg = SvMAGIC(PL_mess_sv); mg; mg = moremagic) {
1265 moremagic = mg->mg_moremagic;
1266 if (mg->mg_ptr && mg->mg_type != PERL_MAGIC_regex_global
1268 Safefree(mg->mg_ptr);
1272 /* we know that type >= SVt_PV */
1273 SvPV_free(PL_mess_sv);
1274 Safefree(SvANY(PL_mess_sv));
1275 Safefree(PL_mess_sv);
1276 PL_mess_sv = Nullsv;
1282 =for apidoc perl_free
1284 Releases a Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
1292 #if defined(WIN32) || defined(NETWARE)
1293 # if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS)
1295 void *host = nw_internal_host;
1297 void *host = w32_internal_host;
1299 PerlMem_free(aTHXx);
1301 nw_delete_internal_host(host);
1303 win32_delete_internal_host(host);
1306 PerlMem_free(aTHXx);
1309 PerlMem_free(aTHXx);
1313 #if defined(USE_5005THREADS) || defined(USE_ITHREADS)
1314 /* provide destructors to clean up the thread key when libperl is unloaded */
1315 #ifndef WIN32 /* handled during DLL_PROCESS_DETACH in win32/perllib.c */
1317 #if defined(__hpux) && __ux_version > 1020 && !defined(__GNUC__)
1318 #pragma fini "perl_fini"
1322 #if defined(__GNUC__)
1323 __attribute__((destructor))
1333 #endif /* THREADS */
1336 Perl_call_atexit(pTHX_ ATEXIT_t fn, void *ptr)
1338 Renew(PL_exitlist, PL_exitlistlen+1, PerlExitListEntry);
1339 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].fn = fn;
1340 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].ptr = ptr;
1344 #ifdef HAS_PROCSELFEXE
1345 /* This is a function so that we don't hold on to MAXPATHLEN
1346 bytes of stack longer than necessary
1349 S_procself_val(pTHX_ SV *sv, const char *arg0)
1351 char buf[MAXPATHLEN];
1352 int len = readlink(PROCSELFEXE_PATH, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);
1354 /* On Playstation2 Linux V1.0 (kernel 2.2.1) readlink(/proc/self/exe)
1355 includes a spurious NUL which will cause $^X to fail in system
1356 or backticks (this will prevent extensions from being built and
1357 many tests from working). readlink is not meant to add a NUL.
1358 Normal readlink works fine.
1360 if (len > 0 && buf[len-1] == '\0') {
1364 /* FreeBSD's implementation is acknowledged to be imperfect, sometimes
1365 returning the text "unknown" from the readlink rather than the path
1366 to the executable (or returning an error from the readlink). Any valid
1367 path has a '/' in it somewhere, so use that to validate the result.
1368 See http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/query-pr.cgi?pr=35703
1370 if (len > 0 && memchr(buf, '/', len)) {
1371 sv_setpvn(sv,buf,len);
1377 #endif /* HAS_PROCSELFEXE */
1380 S_set_caret_X(pTHX) {
1381 GV* tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("\030",TRUE, SVt_PV); /* $^X */
1383 #ifdef HAS_PROCSELFEXE
1384 S_procself_val(aTHX_ GvSV(tmpgv), PL_origargv[0]);
1387 sv_setpv(GvSVn(tmpgv), os2_execname(aTHX));
1389 sv_setpv(GvSVn(tmpgv),PL_origargv[0]);
1396 =for apidoc perl_parse
1398 Tells a Perl interpreter to parse a Perl script. See L<perlembed>.
1404 perl_parse(pTHXx_ XSINIT_t xsinit, int argc, char **argv, char **env)
1411 PERL_UNUSED_VAR(my_perl);
1413 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
1416 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "suidperl is no longer needed since the kernel can now execute\n\
1417 setuid perl scripts securely.\n");
1418 #endif /* IAMSUID */
1421 #if defined(USE_HASH_SEED) || defined(USE_HASH_SEED_EXPLICIT)
1422 /* [perl #22371] Algorimic Complexity Attack on Perl 5.6.1, 5.8.0
1423 * This MUST be done before any hash stores or fetches take place.
1424 * If you set PL_rehash_seed (and assumedly also PL_rehash_seed_set)
1425 * yourself, it is your responsibility to provide a good random seed!
1426 * You can also define PERL_HASH_SEED in compile time, see hv.h. */
1427 if (!PL_rehash_seed_set)
1428 PL_rehash_seed = get_hash_seed();
1430 const char * const s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_HASH_SEED_DEBUG");
1432 if (s && (atoi(s) == 1))
1433 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "HASH_SEED = %"UVuf"\n", PL_rehash_seed);
1435 #endif /* #if defined(USE_HASH_SEED) || defined(USE_HASH_SEED_EXPLICIT) */
1441 /* Set PL_origalen be the sum of the contiguous argv[]
1442 * elements plus the size of the env in case that it is
1443 * contiguous with the argv[]. This is used in mg.c:Perl_magic_set()
1444 * as the maximum modifiable length of $0. In the worst case
1445 * the area we are able to modify is limited to the size of
1446 * the original argv[0]. (See below for 'contiguous', though.)
1448 const char *s = NULL;
1451 ~(UV)(PTRSIZE == 4 ? 3 : PTRSIZE == 8 ? 7 : PTRSIZE == 16 ? 15 : 0);
1452 /* Do the mask check only if the args seem like aligned. */
1454 (mask < ~(UV)0) && ((PTR2UV(argv[0]) & mask) == PTR2UV(argv[0]));
1456 /* See if all the arguments are contiguous in memory. Note
1457 * that 'contiguous' is a loose term because some platforms
1458 * align the argv[] and the envp[]. If the arguments look
1459 * like non-aligned, assume that they are 'strictly' or
1460 * 'traditionally' contiguous. If the arguments look like
1461 * aligned, we just check that they are within aligned
1462 * PTRSIZE bytes. As long as no system has something bizarre
1463 * like the argv[] interleaved with some other data, we are
1464 * fine. (Did I just evoke Murphy's Law?) --jhi */
1465 if (PL_origargv && PL_origargc >= 1 && (s = PL_origargv[0])) {
1467 for (i = 1; i < PL_origargc; i++) {
1468 if ((PL_origargv[i] == s + 1
1470 || PL_origargv[i] == s + 2
1475 (PL_origargv[i] > s &&
1477 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1487 /* Can we grab env area too to be used as the area for $0? */
1488 if (PL_origenviron) {
1489 if ((PL_origenviron[0] == s + 1
1491 || (PL_origenviron[0] == s + 9 && (s += 8))
1496 (PL_origenviron[0] > s &&
1497 PL_origenviron[0] <=
1498 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1502 s = PL_origenviron[0];
1505 my_setenv("NoNe SuCh", Nullch);
1506 /* Force copy of environment. */
1507 for (i = 1; PL_origenviron[i]; i++) {
1508 if (PL_origenviron[i] == s + 1
1511 (PL_origenviron[i] > s &&
1512 PL_origenviron[i] <=
1513 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1516 s = PL_origenviron[i];
1524 PL_origalen = s - PL_origargv[0] + 1;
1529 /* Come here if running an undumped a.out. */
1531 PL_origfilename = savepv(argv[0]);
1532 PL_do_undump = FALSE;
1533 cxstack_ix = -1; /* start label stack again */
1535 assert (!PL_tainted);
1537 S_set_caret_X(aTHX);
1539 init_postdump_symbols(argc,argv,env);
1544 op_free(PL_main_root);
1545 PL_main_root = Nullop;
1547 PL_main_start = Nullop;
1548 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_main_cv);
1549 PL_main_cv = Nullcv;
1552 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
1553 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_OFF;
1558 parse_body(env,xsinit);
1560 call_list(oldscope, PL_checkav);
1567 /* my_exit() was called */
1568 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
1571 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
1573 call_list(oldscope, PL_checkav);
1577 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: top_env\n");
1586 S_parse_body(pTHX_ char **env, XSINIT_t xsinit)
1589 int argc = PL_origargc;
1590 char **argv = PL_origargv;
1591 const char *scriptname = NULL;
1592 VOL bool dosearch = FALSE;
1593 const char *validarg = "";
1596 const char *cddir = Nullch;
1597 #ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
1598 bool minus_f = FALSE;
1603 sv_setpvn(PL_linestr,"",0);
1604 sv = newSVpvs(""); /* first used for -I flags */
1608 for (argc--,argv++; argc > 0; argc--,argv++) {
1609 if (argv[0][0] != '-' || !argv[0][1])
1613 validarg = " PHOOEY ";
1617 * Can we rely on the kernel to start scripts with argv[1] set to
1618 * contain all #! line switches (the whole line)? (argv[0] is set to
1619 * the interpreter name, argv[2] to the script name; argv[3] and
1620 * above may contain other arguments.)
1627 #ifndef PERL_STRICT_CR
1652 if ((s = moreswitches(s)))
1657 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('t');
1658 if( !PL_tainting ) {
1659 PL_taint_warn = TRUE;
1665 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('T');
1667 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
1675 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1676 /* ignore -e for Dev:Pseudo argument */
1677 if (argv[1] && !strcmp(argv[1], "Dev:Pseudo"))
1682 PL_e_script = newSVpvs("");
1683 filter_add(read_e_script, NULL);
1686 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, s);
1688 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, argv[1]);
1692 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No code specified for -%c", *s);
1693 sv_catpvs(PL_e_script, "\n");
1697 #ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
1703 case 'I': /* -I handled both here and in moreswitches() */
1705 if (!*++s && (s=argv[1]) != Nullch) {
1709 STRLEN len = strlen(s);
1710 const char * const p = savepvn(s, len);
1711 incpush(p, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE, FALSE);
1712 sv_catpvs(sv, "-I");
1713 sv_catpvn(sv, p, len);
1718 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No directory specified for -I");
1722 PL_preprocess = TRUE;
1735 PL_preambleav = newAV();
1736 av_push(PL_preambleav,
1737 newSVpvs("use Config;"));
1741 opts_prog = newSVpvs("print Config::myconfig(),");
1743 sv_catpvs(opts_prog,"\"\\nCharacteristics of this PERLSHR image: \\n\",");
1745 sv_catpvs(opts_prog,"\"\\nCharacteristics of this binary (from libperl): \\n\",");
1747 opts = SvCUR(opts_prog);
1749 Perl_sv_catpv(aTHX_ opts_prog,"\" Compile-time options:"
1753 # ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS
1754 " DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS"
1756 # ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
1757 " DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP"
1759 # ifdef FAKE_THREADS
1762 # ifdef MULTIPLICITY
1771 # ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
1772 " PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV"
1774 # ifdef PERL_GLOBAL_STRUCT
1775 " PERL_GLOBAL_STRUCT"
1777 # ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
1778 " PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT"
1780 # ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
1781 " PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS"
1783 # ifdef PERL_MALLOC_WRAP
1786 # ifdef PERL_NEED_APPCTX
1789 # ifdef PERL_NEED_TIMESBASE
1790 " PERL_NEED_TIMESBASE"
1792 # ifdef PERL_OLD_COPY_ON_WRITE
1793 " PERL_OLD_COPY_ON_WRITE"
1795 # ifdef PERL_TRACK_MEMPOOL
1796 " PERL_TRACK_MEMPOOL"
1798 # ifdef PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV
1799 " PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV"
1801 #ifdef PERL_USES_PL_PIDSTATUS
1802 " PERL_USES_PL_PIDSTATUS"
1804 # ifdef PL_OP_SLAB_ALLOC
1807 # ifdef SPRINTF_RETURNS_STRLEN
1808 " SPRINTF_RETURNS_STRLEN"
1810 # ifdef THREADS_HAVE_PIDS
1811 " THREADS_HAVE_PIDS"
1813 # ifdef USE_5005THREADS
1816 # ifdef USE_64_BIT_ALL
1819 # ifdef USE_64_BIT_INT
1822 # ifdef USE_ITHREADS
1825 # ifdef USE_LARGE_FILES
1828 # ifdef USE_LONG_DOUBLE
1834 # ifdef USE_REENTRANT_API
1835 " USE_REENTRANT_API"
1840 # ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
1841 " USE_SITECUSTOMIZE"
1848 while (SvCUR(opts_prog) > opts+76) {
1849 /* find last space after "options: " and before col 76
1853 char * const pv = SvPV_nolen(opts_prog);
1854 const char c = pv[opts+76];
1856 space = strrchr(pv+opts+26, ' ');
1858 if (!space) break; /* "Can't happen" */
1860 /* break the line before that space */
1863 Perl_sv_insert(aTHX_ opts_prog, opts, 0,
1864 STR_WITH_LEN("\\n "));
1867 sv_catpvs(opts_prog,"\\n\",");
1869 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
1870 if (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT > 0) {
1872 sv_catpvs(opts_prog,
1873 "\" Locally applied patches:\\n\",");
1874 for (i = 1; i <= LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT; i++) {
1875 if (PL_localpatches[i])
1876 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ opts_prog,"q%c\t%s\n%c,",
1877 0, PL_localpatches[i], 0);
1881 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ opts_prog,
1882 "\" Built under %s\\n\"",OSNAME);
1885 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ opts_prog,
1886 ",\" Compiled at %s %s\\n\"",__DATE__,
1889 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ opts_prog,",\" Compiled on %s\\n\"",
1893 sv_catpvs(opts_prog, "; $\"=\"\\n \"; "
1894 "@env = map { \"$_=\\\"$ENV{$_}\\\"\" } "
1895 "sort grep {/^PERL/} keys %ENV; ");
1897 sv_catpvs(opts_prog,
1898 "push @env, \"CYGWIN=\\\"$ENV{CYGWIN}\\\"\";");
1900 sv_catpvs(opts_prog,
1901 "print \" \\%ENV:\\n @env\\n\" if @env;"
1902 "print \" \\@INC:\\n @INC\\n\";");
1906 opts_prog = Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_
1907 "Config::config_vars(qw%c%s%c)",
1911 av_push(PL_preambleav, opts_prog);
1912 /* don't look for script or read stdin */
1913 scriptname = BIT_BUCKET;
1917 PL_doextract = TRUE;
1925 if (!*++s || isSPACE(*s)) {
1929 /* catch use of gnu style long options */
1930 if (strEQ(s, "version")) {
1934 if (strEQ(s, "help")) {
1941 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Unrecognized switch: -%s (-h will show valid options)",s);
1947 #ifndef SECURE_INTERNAL_GETENV
1950 (s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL5OPT")))
1952 const char *popt = s;
1955 if (*s == '-' && *(s+1) == 'T') {
1956 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('T');
1958 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
1961 char *popt_copy = Nullch;
1974 if (!strchr("CDIMUdmtwA", *s))
1975 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Illegal switch in PERL5OPT: -%c", *s);
1979 popt_copy = SvPVX(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(popt,0)));
1980 s = popt_copy + (s - popt);
1981 d = popt_copy + (d - popt);
1988 if( !PL_tainting ) {
1989 PL_taint_warn = TRUE;
1999 #ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
2002 PL_preambleav = newAV();
2003 av_unshift(PL_preambleav, 1);
2004 (void)av_store(PL_preambleav, 0, Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "BEGIN { do '%s/sitecustomize.pl' }", SITELIB_EXP));
2008 if (PL_taint_warn && PL_dowarn != G_WARN_ALL_OFF) {
2009 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = newSVpvn(WARN_TAINTstring, WARNsize);
2013 scriptname = argv[0];
2016 scriptname = BIT_BUCKET; /* don't look for script or read stdin */
2018 else if (scriptname == Nullch) {
2020 if ( PerlLIO_isatty(PerlIO_fileno(PerlIO_stdin())) )
2026 /* Set $^X early so that it can be used for relocatable paths in @INC */
2027 assert (!PL_tainted);
2029 S_set_caret_X(aTHX);
2033 open_script(scriptname,dosearch,sv);
2035 validate_suid(validarg, scriptname);
2038 #if defined(SIGCHLD) || defined(SIGCLD)
2041 # define SIGCHLD SIGCLD
2043 Sighandler_t sigstate = rsignal_state(SIGCHLD);
2044 if (sigstate == (Sighandler_t) SIG_IGN) {
2045 if (ckWARN(WARN_SIGNAL))
2046 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_SIGNAL),
2047 "Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default");
2048 (void)rsignal(SIGCHLD, (Sighandler_t)SIG_DFL);
2054 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2055 if (PL_doextract || gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
2060 if (cddir && PerlDir_chdir( (char *)cddir ) < 0)
2061 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't chdir to %s",cddir);
2065 PL_main_cv = PL_compcv = (CV*)NEWSV(1104,0);
2066 sv_upgrade((SV *)PL_compcv, SVt_PVCV);
2067 CvUNIQUE_on(PL_compcv);
2069 CvPADLIST(PL_compcv) = pad_new(0);
2070 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
2071 CvOWNER(PL_compcv) = 0;
2072 Newx(CvMUTEXP(PL_compcv), 1, perl_mutex);
2073 MUTEX_INIT(CvMUTEXP(PL_compcv));
2074 #endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
2077 boot_core_UNIVERSAL();
2078 boot_core_xsutils();
2081 (*xsinit)(aTHX); /* in case linked C routines want magical variables */
2083 #if defined(VMS) || defined(WIN32) || defined(DJGPP) || defined(__CYGWIN__) || defined(EPOC) || defined(SYMBIAN)
2089 # ifdef HAS_SOCKS5_INIT
2090 socks5_init(argv[0]);
2096 init_predump_symbols();
2097 /* init_postdump_symbols not currently designed to be called */
2098 /* more than once (ENV isn't cleared first, for example) */
2099 /* But running with -u leaves %ENV & @ARGV undefined! XXX */
2101 init_postdump_symbols(argc,argv,env);
2103 /* PL_unicode is turned on by -C, or by $ENV{PERL_UNICODE},
2104 * or explicitly in some platforms.
2105 * locale.c:Perl_init_i18nl10n() if the environment
2106 * look like the user wants to use UTF-8. */
2107 #if defined(__SYMBIAN32__)
2108 PL_unicode = PERL_UNICODE_STD_FLAG; /* See PERL_SYMBIAN_CONSOLE_UTF8. */
2111 /* Requires init_predump_symbols(). */
2112 if (!(PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_LOCALE_FLAG) || PL_utf8locale) {
2117 /* Turn on UTF-8-ness on STDIN, STDOUT, STDERR
2118 * and the default open disciplines. */
2119 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDIN_FLAG) &&
2120 PL_stdingv && (io = GvIO(PL_stdingv)) &&
2122 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
2123 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDOUT_FLAG) &&
2124 PL_defoutgv && (io = GvIO(PL_defoutgv)) &&
2126 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
2127 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDERR_FLAG) &&
2128 PL_stderrgv && (io = GvIO(PL_stderrgv)) &&
2130 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
2131 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_INOUT_FLAG) &&
2132 (sv = GvSV(gv_fetchpv("\017PEN", TRUE, SVt_PV)))) {
2133 U32 in = PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_IN_FLAG;
2134 U32 out = PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_OUT_FLAG;
2137 sv_setpvn(sv, ":utf8\0:utf8", 11);
2139 sv_setpvn(sv, ":utf8\0", 6);
2142 sv_setpvn(sv, "\0:utf8", 6);
2148 if ((s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_SIGNALS"))) {
2149 if (strEQ(s, "unsafe"))
2150 PL_signals |= PERL_SIGNALS_UNSAFE_FLAG;
2151 else if (strEQ(s, "safe"))
2152 PL_signals &= ~PERL_SIGNALS_UNSAFE_FLAG;
2154 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "PERL_SIGNALS illegal: \"%s\"", s);
2159 /* now parse the script */
2161 SETERRNO(0,SS_NORMAL);
2163 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2164 if (gMacPerl_SyntaxError = (yyparse() || PL_error_count)) {
2166 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s had compilation errors.\n", MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
2168 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Execution of %s aborted due to compilation errors.\n",
2169 MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
2173 if (yyparse() || PL_error_count) {
2175 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s had compilation errors.\n", PL_origfilename);
2177 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Execution of %s aborted due to compilation errors.\n",
2182 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, 0);
2183 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2184 PL_preprocess = FALSE;
2186 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
2187 PL_e_script = Nullsv;
2194 SAVECOPFILE(PL_curcop);
2195 SAVECOPLINE(PL_curcop);
2196 gv_check(PL_defstash);
2203 if ((s=PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS")) && atoi(s) >= 2)
2204 dump_mstats("after compilation:");
2213 =for apidoc perl_run
2215 Tells a Perl interpreter to run. See L<perlembed>.
2227 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(my_perl);
2229 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
2237 cxstack_ix = -1; /* start context stack again */
2239 case 0: /* normal completion */
2243 case 2: /* my_exit() */
2244 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
2247 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2248 if (!(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_DESTRUCT_END) &&
2249 PL_endav && !PL_minus_c)
2250 call_list(oldscope, PL_endav);
2252 if (PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS"))
2253 dump_mstats("after execution: ");
2259 POPSTACK_TO(PL_mainstack);
2262 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: restartop\n");
2274 S_run_body(pTHX_ I32 oldscope)
2276 DEBUG_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "%s $` $& $' support.\n",
2277 PL_sawampersand ? "Enabling" : "Omitting"));
2279 if (!PL_restartop) {
2280 DEBUG_x(dump_all());
2283 PERL_DEBUG(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "\nEXECUTING...\n\n"));
2285 DEBUG_S(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "main thread is 0x%"UVxf"\n",
2289 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2290 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "%s%s syntax OK\n",
2291 (gMacPerl_ErrorFormat ? "# " : ""),
2292 MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
2294 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "%s syntax OK\n", PL_origfilename);
2298 if (PERLDB_SINGLE && PL_DBsingle)
2299 sv_setiv(PL_DBsingle, 1);
2301 call_list(oldscope, PL_initav);
2307 PL_op = PL_restartop;
2311 else if (PL_main_start) {
2312 CvDEPTH(PL_main_cv) = 1;
2313 PL_op = PL_main_start;
2321 =head1 SV Manipulation Functions
2323 =for apidoc p||get_sv
2325 Returns the SV of the specified Perl scalar. If C<create> is set and the
2326 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
2327 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
2333 Perl_get_sv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
2336 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
2337 if (name[1] == '\0' && !isALPHA(name[0])) {
2338 PADOFFSET tmp = find_threadsv(name);
2339 if (tmp != NOT_IN_PAD)
2340 return THREADSV(tmp);
2342 #endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
2343 gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PV);
2350 =head1 Array Manipulation Functions
2352 =for apidoc p||get_av
2354 Returns the AV of the specified Perl array. If C<create> is set and the
2355 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
2356 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
2362 Perl_get_av(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
2364 GV* const gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVAV);
2373 =head1 Hash Manipulation Functions
2375 =for apidoc p||get_hv
2377 Returns the HV of the specified Perl hash. If C<create> is set and the
2378 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
2379 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
2385 Perl_get_hv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
2387 GV* const gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVHV);
2396 =head1 CV Manipulation Functions
2398 =for apidoc p||get_cv
2400 Returns the CV of the specified Perl subroutine. If C<create> is set and
2401 the Perl subroutine does not exist then it will be declared (which has the
2402 same effect as saying C<sub name;>). If C<create> is not set and the
2403 subroutine does not exist then NULL is returned.
2409 Perl_get_cv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
2411 GV* const gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVCV);
2412 /* XXX unsafe for threads if eval_owner isn't held */
2413 /* XXX this is probably not what they think they're getting.
2414 * It has the same effect as "sub name;", i.e. just a forward
2416 if (create && !GvCVu(gv))
2417 return newSUB(start_subparse(FALSE, 0),
2418 newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSVpv(name,0)),
2426 /* Be sure to refetch the stack pointer after calling these routines. */
2430 =head1 Callback Functions
2432 =for apidoc p||call_argv
2434 Performs a callback to the specified Perl sub. See L<perlcall>.
2440 Perl_call_argv(pTHX_ const char *sub_name, I32 flags, register char **argv)
2442 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2443 /* null terminated arg list */
2450 XPUSHs(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(*argv,0)));
2455 return call_pv(sub_name, flags);
2459 =for apidoc p||call_pv
2461 Performs a callback to the specified Perl sub. See L<perlcall>.
2467 Perl_call_pv(pTHX_ const char *sub_name, I32 flags)
2468 /* name of the subroutine */
2469 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2471 return call_sv((SV*)get_cv(sub_name, TRUE), flags);
2475 =for apidoc p||call_method
2477 Performs a callback to the specified Perl method. The blessed object must
2478 be on the stack. See L<perlcall>.
2484 Perl_call_method(pTHX_ const char *methname, I32 flags)
2485 /* name of the subroutine */
2486 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2488 return call_sv(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(methname,0)), flags | G_METHOD);
2491 /* May be called with any of a CV, a GV, or an SV containing the name. */
2493 =for apidoc p||call_sv
2495 Performs a callback to the Perl sub whose name is in the SV. See
2502 Perl_call_sv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
2503 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2506 LOGOP myop; /* fake syntax tree node */
2509 volatile I32 retval = 0;
2511 bool oldcatch = CATCH_GET;
2513 OP* const oldop = PL_op;
2516 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2521 Zero(&myop, 1, LOGOP);
2522 myop.op_next = Nullop;
2523 if (!(flags & G_NOARGS))
2524 myop.op_flags |= OPf_STACKED;
2525 myop.op_flags |= ((flags & G_VOID) ? OPf_WANT_VOID :
2526 (flags & G_ARRAY) ? OPf_WANT_LIST :
2531 EXTEND(PL_stack_sp, 1);
2532 *++PL_stack_sp = sv;
2534 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
2536 if (PERLDB_SUB && PL_curstash != PL_debstash
2537 /* Handle first BEGIN of -d. */
2538 && (PL_DBcv || (PL_DBcv = GvCV(PL_DBsub)))
2539 /* Try harder, since this may have been a sighandler, thus
2540 * curstash may be meaningless. */
2541 && (SvTYPE(sv) != SVt_PVCV || CvSTASH((CV*)sv) != PL_debstash)
2542 && !(flags & G_NODEBUG))
2543 PL_op->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_DB;
2545 if (flags & G_METHOD) {
2546 Zero(&method_op, 1, UNOP);
2547 method_op.op_next = PL_op;
2548 method_op.op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_METHOD];
2549 myop.op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_ENTERSUB];
2550 PL_op = (OP*)&method_op;
2553 if (!(flags & G_EVAL)) {
2555 call_body((OP*)&myop, FALSE);
2556 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2557 CATCH_SET(oldcatch);
2560 myop.op_other = (OP*)&myop;
2562 /* we're trying to emulate pp_entertry() here */
2564 register PERL_CONTEXT *cx;
2565 const I32 gimme = GIMME_V;
2570 PUSHBLOCK(cx, (CXt_EVAL|CXp_TRYBLOCK), PL_stack_sp);
2572 PL_eval_root = PL_op; /* Only needed so that goto works right. */
2574 PL_in_eval = EVAL_INEVAL;
2575 if (flags & G_KEEPERR)
2576 PL_in_eval |= EVAL_KEEPERR;
2578 sv_setpvn(ERRSV,"",0);
2586 call_body((OP*)&myop, FALSE);
2587 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2588 if (!(flags & G_KEEPERR))
2589 sv_setpvn(ERRSV,"",0);
2595 /* my_exit() was called */
2596 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2599 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED))
2600 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Callback called exit");
2605 PL_op = PL_restartop;
2609 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2610 if (flags & G_ARRAY)
2614 *++PL_stack_sp = &PL_sv_undef;
2619 if (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope) {
2623 register PERL_CONTEXT *cx;
2630 PERL_UNUSED_VAR(newsp);
2631 PERL_UNUSED_VAR(gimme);
2632 PERL_UNUSED_VAR(optype);
2637 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2638 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2648 S_call_body(pTHX_ const OP *myop, bool is_eval)
2650 if (PL_op == myop) {
2652 PL_op = Perl_pp_entereval(aTHX); /* this doesn't do a POPMARK */
2654 PL_op = Perl_pp_entersub(aTHX); /* this does */
2660 /* Eval a string. The G_EVAL flag is always assumed. */
2663 =for apidoc p||eval_sv
2665 Tells Perl to C<eval> the string in the SV.
2671 Perl_eval_sv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
2673 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2676 UNOP myop; /* fake syntax tree node */
2677 volatile I32 oldmark = SP - PL_stack_base;
2678 volatile I32 retval = 0;
2680 OP* const oldop = PL_op;
2683 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2690 Zero(PL_op, 1, UNOP);
2691 EXTEND(PL_stack_sp, 1);
2692 *++PL_stack_sp = sv;
2694 if (!(flags & G_NOARGS))
2695 myop.op_flags = OPf_STACKED;
2696 myop.op_next = Nullop;
2697 myop.op_type = OP_ENTEREVAL;
2698 myop.op_flags |= ((flags & G_VOID) ? OPf_WANT_VOID :
2699 (flags & G_ARRAY) ? OPf_WANT_LIST :
2701 if (flags & G_KEEPERR)
2702 myop.op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL;
2704 /* fail now; otherwise we could fail after the JMPENV_PUSH but
2705 * before a PUSHEVAL, which corrupts the stack after a croak */
2706 TAINT_PROPER("eval_sv()");
2712 call_body((OP*)&myop,TRUE);
2713 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2714 if (!(flags & G_KEEPERR))
2715 sv_setpvn(ERRSV,"",0);
2721 /* my_exit() was called */
2722 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2725 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED))
2726 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Callback called exit");
2731 PL_op = PL_restartop;
2735 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2736 if (flags & G_ARRAY)
2740 *++PL_stack_sp = &PL_sv_undef;
2746 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2747 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2757 =for apidoc p||eval_pv
2759 Tells Perl to C<eval> the given string and return an SV* result.
2765 Perl_eval_pv(pTHX_ const char *p, I32 croak_on_error)
2768 SV* sv = newSVpv(p, 0);
2770 eval_sv(sv, G_SCALAR);
2777 if (croak_on_error && SvTRUE(ERRSV)) {
2778 Perl_croak(aTHX_ SvPVx_nolen_const(ERRSV));
2784 /* Require a module. */
2787 =head1 Embedding Functions
2789 =for apidoc p||require_pv
2791 Tells Perl to C<require> the file named by the string argument. It is
2792 analogous to the Perl code C<eval "require '$file'">. It's even
2793 implemented that way; consider using load_module instead.
2798 Perl_require_pv(pTHX_ const char *pv)
2802 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_REQUIRE);
2804 sv = Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "require q%c%s%c", 0, pv, 0);
2805 eval_sv(sv_2mortal(sv), G_DISCARD);
2811 Perl_magicname(pTHX_ const char *sym, const char *name, I32 namlen)
2813 register GV * const gv = gv_fetchpv(sym,TRUE, SVt_PV);
2816 sv_magic(GvSV(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, namlen);
2820 S_usage(pTHX_ const char *name) /* XXX move this out into a module ? */
2822 /* This message really ought to be max 23 lines.
2823 * Removed -h because the user already knows that option. Others? */
2825 static const char * const usage_msg[] = {
2826 "-0[octal] specify record separator (\\0, if no argument)",
2827 "-A[mod][=pattern] activate all/given assertions",
2828 "-a autosplit mode with -n or -p (splits $_ into @F)",
2829 "-C[number/list] enables the listed Unicode features",
2830 "-c check syntax only (runs BEGIN and CHECK blocks)",
2831 "-d[:debugger] run program under debugger",
2832 "-D[number/list] set debugging flags (argument is a bit mask or alphabets)",
2833 "-e program one line of program (several -e's allowed, omit programfile)",
2834 "-E program like -e, but enables all optional features",
2835 "-f don't do $sitelib/sitecustomize.pl at startup",
2836 "-F/pattern/ split() pattern for -a switch (//'s are optional)",
2837 "-i[extension] edit <> files in place (makes backup if extension supplied)",
2838 "-Idirectory specify @INC/#include directory (several -I's allowed)",
2839 "-l[octal] enable line ending processing, specifies line terminator",
2840 "-[mM][-]module execute \"use/no module...\" before executing program",
2841 "-n assume \"while (<>) { ... }\" loop around program",
2842 "-p assume loop like -n but print line also, like sed",
2843 "-P run program through C preprocessor before compilation",
2844 "-s enable rudimentary parsing for switches after programfile",
2845 "-S look for programfile using PATH environment variable",
2846 "-t enable tainting warnings",
2847 "-T enable tainting checks",
2848 "-u dump core after parsing program",
2849 "-U allow unsafe operations",
2850 "-v print version, subversion (includes VERY IMPORTANT perl info)",
2851 "-V[:variable] print configuration summary (or a single Config.pm variable)",
2852 "-w enable many useful warnings (RECOMMENDED)",
2853 "-W enable all warnings",
2854 "-x[directory] strip off text before #!perl line and perhaps cd to directory",
2855 "-X disable all warnings",
2859 const char * const *p = usage_msg;
2861 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2862 "\nUsage: %s [switches] [--] [programfile] [arguments]",
2865 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(), "\n %s", *p++);
2868 /* convert a string of -D options (or digits) into an int.
2869 * sets *s to point to the char after the options */
2873 Perl_get_debug_opts(pTHX_ const char **s, bool givehelp)
2875 static const char * const usage_msgd[] = {
2876 " Debugging flag values: (see also -d)",
2877 " p Tokenizing and parsing (with v, displays parse stack)",
2878 " s Stack snapshots (with v, displays all stacks)",
2879 " l Context (loop) stack processing",
2880 " t Trace execution",
2881 " o Method and overloading resolution",
2882 " c String/numeric conversions",
2883 " P Print profiling info, preprocessor command for -P, source file input state",
2884 " m Memory allocation",
2885 " f Format processing",
2886 " r Regular expression parsing and execution",
2887 " x Syntax tree dump",
2888 " u Tainting checks",
2889 " H Hash dump -- usurps values()",
2890 " X Scratchpad allocation",
2892 " S Thread synchronization",
2894 " R Include reference counts of dumped variables (eg when using -Ds)",
2895 " J Do not s,t,P-debug (Jump over) opcodes within package DB",
2896 " v Verbose: use in conjunction with other flags",
2898 " A Consistency checks on internal structures",
2899 " q quiet - currently only suppresses the 'EXECUTING' message",
2904 /* if adding extra options, remember to update DEBUG_MASK */
2905 static const char debopts[] = "psltocPmfrxu HXDSTRJvCAq";
2907 for (; isALNUM(**s); (*s)++) {
2908 const char * const d = strchr(debopts,**s);
2910 i |= 1 << (d - debopts);
2911 else if (ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
2912 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
2913 "invalid option -D%c, use -D'' to see choices\n", **s);
2916 else if (isDIGIT(**s)) {
2918 for (; isALNUM(**s); (*s)++) ;
2920 else if (givehelp) {
2921 const char *const *p = usage_msgd;
2922 while (*p) PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(), "%s\n", *p++);
2925 if ((i & DEBUG_p_FLAG) && ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
2926 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
2927 "-Dp not implemented on this platform\n");
2933 /* This routine handles any switches that can be given during run */
2936 Perl_moreswitches(pTHX_ char *s)
2947 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rs);
2948 if (s[1] == 'x' && s[2]) {
2949 const char *e = s+=2;
2955 flags = PERL_SCAN_SILENT_ILLDIGIT;
2956 rschar = (U32)grok_hex(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
2957 if (s + numlen < e) {
2958 rschar = 0; /* Grandfather -0xFOO as -0 -xFOO. */
2962 PL_rs = newSVpvs("");
2963 SvGROW(PL_rs, (STRLEN)(UNISKIP(rschar) + 1));
2964 tmps = (U8*)SvPVX(PL_rs);
2965 uvchr_to_utf8(tmps, rschar);
2966 SvCUR_set(PL_rs, UNISKIP(rschar));
2971 rschar = (U32)grok_oct(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
2972 if (rschar & ~((U8)~0))
2973 PL_rs = &PL_sv_undef;
2974 else if (!rschar && numlen >= 2)
2975 PL_rs = newSVpvs("");
2977 char ch = (char)rschar;
2978 PL_rs = newSVpvn(&ch, 1);
2981 sv_setsv(get_sv("/", TRUE), PL_rs);
2986 PL_unicode = parse_unicode_opts( (const char **)&s );
2991 while (*s && !isSPACE(*s)) ++s;
2993 PL_splitstr = savepv(PL_splitstr);
3007 /* -dt indicates to the debugger that threads will be used */
3008 if (*s == 't' && !isALNUM(s[1])) {
3010 my_setenv("PERL5DB_THREADED", "1");
3013 /* The following permits -d:Mod to accepts arguments following an =
3014 in the fashion that -MSome::Mod does. */
3015 if (*s == ':' || *s == '=') {
3017 SV * const sv = newSVpvs("use Devel::");
3019 /* We now allow -d:Module=Foo,Bar */
3020 while(isALNUM(*s) || *s==':') ++s;
3022 sv_catpv(sv, start);
3024 sv_catpvn(sv, start, s-start);
3025 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ sv, " split(/,/,q%c%s%c)", 0, ++s, 0);
3028 my_setenv("PERL5DB", SvPV_nolen_const(sv));
3031 PL_perldb = PERLDB_ALL;
3040 PL_debug = get_debug_opts( (const char **)&s, 1) | DEBUG_TOP_FLAG;
3041 #else /* !DEBUGGING */
3042 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
3043 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
3044 "Recompile perl with -DDEBUGGING to use -D switch (did you mean -d ?)\n");
3045 for (s++; isALNUM(*s); s++) ;
3050 usage(PL_origargv[0]);
3053 Safefree(PL_inplace);
3054 #if defined(__CYGWIN__) /* do backup extension automagically */
3055 if (*(s+1) == '\0') {
3056 PL_inplace = savepvs(".bak");
3059 #endif /* __CYGWIN__ */
3060 PL_inplace = savepv(s+1);
3061 for (s = PL_inplace; *s && !isSPACE(*s); s++)
3065 if (*s == '-') /* Additional switches on #! line. */
3069 case 'I': /* -I handled both here and in parse_body() */
3072 while (*s && isSPACE(*s))
3077 /* ignore trailing spaces (possibly followed by other switches) */
3079 for (e = p; *e && !isSPACE(*e); e++) ;
3083 } while (*p && *p != '-');
3084 e = savepvn(s, e-s);
3085 incpush(e, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE, FALSE);
3092 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No directory specified for -I");
3098 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ors_sv);
3104 PL_ors_sv = newSVpvs("\n");
3105 numlen = 3 + (*s == '0');
3106 *SvPVX(PL_ors_sv) = (char)grok_oct(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
3110 if (RsPARA(PL_rs)) {
3111 PL_ors_sv = newSVpvs("\n\n");
3114 PL_ors_sv = newSVsv(PL_rs);
3121 PL_preambleav = newAV();
3124 char * const start = s;
3125 SV * const sv = newSVpvs("use assertions::activate");
3126 while(isALNUM(*s) || *s == ':') ++s;
3128 sv_catpvs(sv, "::");
3129 sv_catpvn(sv, start, s-start);
3132 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ sv, " split(/,/,q%c%s%c)", 0, ++s, 0);
3135 else if (*s != '\0') {
3136 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use '%c' after -A%.*s", *s, (int)(s-start), start);
3138 av_push(PL_preambleav, sv);
3142 forbid_setid("-M"); /* XXX ? */
3145 forbid_setid("-m"); /* XXX ? */
3149 const char *use = "use ";
3150 /* -M-foo == 'no foo' */
3151 /* Leading space on " no " is deliberate, to make both
3152 possibilities the same length. */
3153 if (*s == '-') { use = " no "; ++s; }
3154 sv = newSVpvn(use,4);
3156 /* We allow -M'Module qw(Foo Bar)' */
3157 while(isALNUM(*s) || *s==':') ++s;
3159 sv_catpv(sv, start);
3160 if (*(start-1) == 'm') {
3162 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use '%c' after -mname", *s);
3163 sv_catpvs( sv, " ()");
3167 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Module name required with -%c option",
3169 sv_catpvn(sv, start, s-start);
3170 sv_catpvs(sv, " split(/,/,q");
3171 sv_catpvs(sv, "\0"); /* Use NUL as q//-delimiter. */
3173 sv_catpvs(sv, "\0)");
3177 PL_preambleav = newAV();
3178 av_push(PL_preambleav, sv);
3181 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Missing argument to -%c", *(s-1));
3193 PL_doswitches = TRUE;
3207 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3208 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Believe me, you don't want to use \"-u\" on a Macintosh");
3210 PL_do_undump = TRUE;
3218 if (!sv_derived_from(PL_patchlevel, "version"))
3219 upg_version(PL_patchlevel);
3221 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3222 Perl_form(aTHX_ "\nThis is perl, %"SVf
3223 #ifdef PERL_PATCHNUM
3224 " DEVEL" STRINGIFY(PERL_PATCHNUM)
3227 vstringify(PL_patchlevel),
3230 /* Adjust verbose output as in the perl that ships with the DG/UX OS from EMC */
3231 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3232 Perl_form(aTHX_ "\nThis is perl, %"SVf"\n",
3233 vstringify(PL_patchlevel)));
3234 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3235 Perl_form(aTHX_ " built under %s at %s %s\n",
3236 OSNAME, __DATE__, __TIME__));
3237 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3238 Perl_form(aTHX_ " OS Specific Release: %s\n",
3242 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
3243 if (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT > 0)
3244 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3245 "\n(with %d registered patch%s, "
3246 "see perl -V for more detail)",
3247 (int)LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT,
3248 (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT!=1) ? "es" : "");
3251 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3252 "\n\nCopyright 1987-2006, Larry Wall\n");
3253 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3254 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3255 "\nMac OS port Copyright 1991-2002, Matthias Neeracher;\n"
3256 "maintained by Chris Nandor\n");
3259 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3260 "\nMS-DOS port Copyright (c) 1989, 1990, Diomidis Spinellis\n");
3263 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3264 "djgpp v2 port (jpl5003c) by Hirofumi Watanabe, 1996\n"
3265 "djgpp v2 port (perl5004+) by Laszlo Molnar, 1997-1999\n");
3268 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3269 "\n\nOS/2 port Copyright (c) 1990, 1991, Raymond Chen, Kai Uwe Rommel\n"
3270 "Version 5 port Copyright (c) 1994-2002, Andreas Kaiser, Ilya Zakharevich\n");
3273 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3274 "atariST series port, ++jrb bammi@cadence.com\n");
3277 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3278 "BeOS port Copyright Tom Spindler, 1997-1999\n");
3281 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3282 "MPE/iX port Copyright by Mark Klein and Mark Bixby, 1996-2003\n");
3285 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3286 "MVS (OS390) port by Mortice Kern Systems, 1997-1999\n");
3289 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3290 "Stratus VOS port by Paul.Green@stratus.com, 1997-2002\n");
3293 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3294 "VM/ESA port by Neale Ferguson, 1998-1999\n");
3297 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3298 "BS2000 (POSIX) port by Start Amadeus GmbH, 1998-1999\n");
3301 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3302 "MiNT port by Guido Flohr, 1997-1999\n");
3305 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3306 "EPOC port by Olaf Flebbe, 1999-2002\n");
3309 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),"WINCE port by Rainer Keuchel, 2001-2002\n");
3310 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),"Built on " __DATE__ " " __TIME__ "\n\n");
3313 #ifdef __SYMBIAN32__
3314 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3315 "Symbian port by Nokia, 2004-2005\n");
3317 #ifdef BINARY_BUILD_NOTICE
3318 BINARY_BUILD_NOTICE;
3320 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3322 Perl may be copied only under the terms of either the Artistic License or the\n\
3323 GNU General Public License, which may be found in the Perl 5 source kit.\n\n\
3324 Complete documentation for Perl, including FAQ lists, should be found on\n\
3325 this system using \"man perl\" or \"perldoc perl\". If you have access to the\n\
3326 Internet, point your browser at http://www.perl.org/, the Perl Home Page.\n\n");
3329 if (! (PL_dowarn & G_WARN_ALL_MASK))
3330 PL_dowarn |= G_WARN_ON;
3334 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_ALL_ON|G_WARN_ON;
3335 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
3336 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
3337 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = pWARN_ALL ;
3341 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_ALL_OFF;
3342 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
3343 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
3344 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = pWARN_NONE ;
3349 if (s[1] == '-') /* Additional switches on #! line. */
3354 #if defined(WIN32) || !defined(PERL_STRICT_CR)
3360 #ifdef ALTERNATE_SHEBANG
3361 case 'S': /* OS/2 needs -S on "extproc" line. */
3369 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't emulate -%.1s on #! line",s);
3374 /* compliments of Tom Christiansen */
3376 /* unexec() can be found in the Gnu emacs distribution */
3377 /* Known to work with -DUNEXEC and using unexelf.c from GNU emacs-20.2 */
3380 Perl_my_unexec(pTHX)
3388 prog = newSVpv(BIN_EXP, 0);
3389 sv_catpvs(prog, "/perl");
3390 file = newSVpv(PL_origfilename, 0);
3391 sv_catpvs(file, ".perldump");
3393 unexec(SvPVX(file), SvPVX(prog), &etext, sbrk(0), 0);
3394 /* unexec prints msg to stderr in case of failure */
3395 PerlProc_exit(status);
3398 # include <lib$routines.h>
3399 lib$signal(SS$_DEBUG); /* ssdef.h #included from vmsish.h */
3401 ABORT(); /* for use with undump */
3406 /* initialize curinterp */
3412 # define PERLVAR(var,type)
3413 # define PERLVARA(var,n,type)
3414 # if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
3415 # if defined(USE_5005THREADS)
3416 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
3417 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
3418 # else /* !USE_5005THREADS */
3419 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) aTHX->var = init;
3420 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) aTHX->var = init;
3421 # endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
3423 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
3424 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
3426 # include "intrpvar.h"
3427 # ifndef USE_5005THREADS
3428 # include "thrdvar.h"
3435 # define PERLVAR(var,type)
3436 # define PERLVARA(var,n,type)
3437 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PL_##var = init;
3438 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PL_##var = init;
3439 # include "intrpvar.h"
3440 # ifndef USE_5005THREADS
3441 # include "thrdvar.h"
3452 S_init_main_stash(pTHX)
3456 PL_curstash = PL_defstash = newHV();
3457 /* We know that the string "main" will be in the global shared string
3458 table, so it's a small saving to use it rather than allocate another
3460 PL_curstname = newSVpvs_share("main");
3461 gv = gv_fetchpv("main::",TRUE, SVt_PVHV);
3462 /* If we hadn't caused another reference to "main" to be in the shared
3463 string table above, then it would be worth reordering these two,
3464 because otherwise all we do is delete "main" from it as a consequence
3465 of the SvREFCNT_dec, only to add it again with hv_name_set */
3466 SvREFCNT_dec(GvHV(gv));
3467 hv_name_set(PL_defstash, "main", 4, 0);
3468 GvHV(gv) = (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(PL_defstash);
3470 PL_incgv = gv_HVadd(gv_AVadd(gv_fetchpv("INC",TRUE, SVt_PVAV)));
3471 SvREFCNT_inc(PL_incgv); /* Don't allow it to be freed */
3472 GvMULTI_on(PL_incgv);
3473 PL_hintgv = gv_fetchpv("\010",TRUE, SVt_PV); /* ^H */
3474 GvMULTI_on(PL_hintgv);
3475 PL_defgv = gv_fetchpv("_",TRUE, SVt_PVAV);
3476 SvREFCNT_inc(PL_defgv);
3477 PL_errgv = gv_HVadd(gv_fetchpv("@", TRUE, SVt_PV));
3478 SvREFCNT_inc(PL_errgv);
3479 GvMULTI_on(PL_errgv);
3480 PL_replgv = gv_fetchpv("\022", TRUE, SVt_PV); /* ^R */
3481 GvMULTI_on(PL_replgv);
3482 (void)Perl_form(aTHX_ "%240s",""); /* Preallocate temp - for immediate signals. */
3483 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
3486 sv_grow(ERRSV, 240); /* Preallocate - for immediate signals. */
3487 sv_setpvn(ERRSV, "", 0);
3488 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
3489 CopSTASH_set(&PL_compiling, PL_defstash);
3490 PL_debstash = GvHV(gv_fetchpv("DB::", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
3491 PL_globalstash = GvHV(gv_fetchpv("CORE::GLOBAL::", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
3492 /* We must init $/ before switches are processed. */
3493 sv_setpvn(get_sv("/", TRUE), "\n", 1);
3496 /* PSz 18 Nov 03 fdscript now global but do not change prototype */
3498 S_open_script(pTHX_ const char *scriptname, bool dosearch, SV *sv)
3503 const char *cpp_discard_flag;
3512 PL_origfilename = savepvs("-e");
3515 /* if find_script() returns, it returns a malloc()-ed value */
3516 scriptname = PL_origfilename = find_script(scriptname, dosearch, NULL, 1);
3518 if (strnEQ(scriptname, "/dev/fd/", 8) && isDIGIT(scriptname[8]) ) {
3519 const char *s = scriptname + 8;
3520 PL_fdscript = atoi(s);
3525 * Tell apart "normal" usage of fdscript, e.g.
3526 * with bash on FreeBSD:
3527 * perl <( echo '#!perl -DA'; echo 'print "$0\n"')
3528 * from usage in suidperl.
3529 * Does any "normal" usage leave garbage after the number???
3530 * Is it a mistake to use a similar /dev/fd/ construct for
3535 * Be supersafe and do some sanity-checks.
3536 * Still, can we be sure we got the right thing?
3539 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Wrong syntax (suid) fd script name \"%s\"\n", s);
3542 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Missing (suid) fd script name\n");
3544 scriptname = savepv(s + 1);
3545 Safefree(PL_origfilename);
3546 PL_origfilename = (char *)scriptname;
3551 CopFILE_free(PL_curcop);
3552 CopFILE_set(PL_curcop, PL_origfilename);
3553 if (*PL_origfilename == '-' && PL_origfilename[1] == '\0')
3554 scriptname = (char *)"";
3555 if (PL_fdscript >= 0) {
3556 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_fdopen(PL_fdscript,PERL_SCRIPT_MODE);
3557 # if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3559 /* ensure close-on-exec */
3560 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,1);
3565 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "sperl needs fd script\n"
3566 "You should not call sperl directly; do you need to "
3567 "change a #! line\nfrom sperl to perl?\n");
3570 * Do not open (or do other fancy stuff) while setuid.
3571 * Perl does the open, and hands script to suidperl on a fd;
3572 * suidperl only does some checks, sets up UIDs and re-execs
3573 * perl with that fd as it has always done.
3576 if (PL_suidscript != 1) {
3577 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "suidperl needs (suid) fd script\n");
3580 else if (PL_preprocess) {
3581 const char * const cpp_cfg = CPPSTDIN;
3582 SV * const cpp = newSVpvs("");
3583 SV * const cmd = NEWSV(0,0);
3585 if (cpp_cfg[0] == 0) /* PERL_MICRO? */
3586 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't run with cpp -P with CPPSTDIN undefined");
3587 if (strEQ(cpp_cfg, "cppstdin"))
3588 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ cpp, "%s/", BIN_EXP);
3589 sv_catpv(cpp, cpp_cfg);
3592 sv_catpvs(sv, "-I");
3593 sv_catpv(sv,PRIVLIB_EXP);
3596 DEBUG_P(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3597 "PL_preprocess: scriptname=\"%s\", cpp=\"%s\", sv=\"%s\", CPPMINUS=\"%s\"\n",
3598 scriptname, SvPVX_const (cpp), SvPVX_const (sv),
3601 # if defined(MSDOS) || defined(WIN32) || defined(VMS)
3608 cpp_discard_flag = "";
3610 cpp_discard_flag = "-C";
3614 perl = os2_execname(aTHX);
3616 perl = PL_origargv[0];
3620 /* This strips off Perl comments which might interfere with
3621 the C pre-processor, including #!. #line directives are
3622 deliberately stripped to avoid confusion with Perl's version
3623 of #line. FWP played some golf with it so it will fit
3624 into VMS's 255 character buffer.
3627 code = "(1../^#!.*perl/i)|/^\\s*#(?!\\s*((ifn?|un)def|(el|end)?if|define|include|else|error|pragma)\\b)/||!($|=1)||print";
3629 code = "/^\\s*#(?!\\s*((ifn?|un)def|(el|end)?if|define|include|else|error|pragma)\\b)/||!($|=1)||print";
3631 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ cmd, "\
3632 %s -ne%s%s%s %s | %"SVf" %s %"SVf" %s",
3633 perl, quote, code, quote, scriptname, cpp,
3634 cpp_discard_flag, sv, CPPMINUS);
3636 PL_doextract = FALSE;
3638 DEBUG_P(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3639 "PL_preprocess: cmd=\"%s\"\n",
3642 PL_rsfp = PerlProc_popen((char *)SvPVX_const(cmd), (char *)"r");
3646 else if (!*scriptname) {
3647 forbid_setid("program input from stdin");
3648 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_stdin();
3651 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_open(scriptname,PERL_SCRIPT_MODE);
3652 # if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3654 /* ensure close-on-exec */
3655 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,1);
3658 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3660 /* PSz 16 Sep 03 Keep neat error message */
3662 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't open "BIT_BUCKET": %s\n", Strerror(errno));
3664 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't open perl script \"%s\": %s\n",
3665 CopFILE(PL_curcop), Strerror(errno));
3670 * I_SYSSTATVFS HAS_FSTATVFS
3672 * I_STATFS HAS_FSTATFS HAS_GETFSSTAT
3673 * I_MNTENT HAS_GETMNTENT HAS_HASMNTOPT
3674 * here so that metaconfig picks them up. */
3678 S_fd_on_nosuid_fs(pTHX_ int fd)
3681 * We used to do this as "plain" user (after swapping UIDs with setreuid);
3682 * but is needed also on machines without setreuid.
3683 * Seems safe enough to run as root.
3685 int check_okay = 0; /* able to do all the required sys/libcalls */
3686 int on_nosuid = 0; /* the fd is on a nosuid fs */
3688 * Need to check noexec also: nosuid might not be set, the average
3689 * sysadmin would say that nosuid is irrelevant once he sets noexec.
3691 int on_noexec = 0; /* the fd is on a noexec fs */
3694 * Preferred order: fstatvfs(), fstatfs(), ustat()+getmnt(), getmntent().
3695 * fstatvfs() is UNIX98.
3696 * fstatfs() is 4.3 BSD.
3697 * ustat()+getmnt() is pre-4.3 BSD.
3698 * getmntent() is O(number-of-mounted-filesystems) and can hang on
3699 * an irrelevant filesystem while trying to reach the right one.
3702 #undef FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY /* found the syscalls to do the check? */
3704 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3705 defined(HAS_FSTATVFS)
3706 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3707 struct statvfs stfs;
3709 check_okay = fstatvfs(fd, &stfs) == 0;
3710 on_nosuid = check_okay && (stfs.f_flag & ST_NOSUID);
3712 /* ST_NOEXEC certainly absent on AIX 5.1, and doesn't seem to be documented
3713 on platforms where it is present. */
3714 on_noexec = check_okay && (stfs.f_flag & ST_NOEXEC);
3716 # endif /* fstatvfs */
3718 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3719 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID) && \
3720 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC) && \
3721 defined(HAS_FSTATFS) && \
3722 defined(HAS_STRUCT_STATFS) && \
3723 defined(HAS_STRUCT_STATFS_F_FLAGS)
3724 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3727 check_okay = fstatfs(fd, &stfs) == 0;
3728 on_nosuid = check_okay && (stfs.f_flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID);
3729 on_noexec = check_okay && (stfs.f_flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC);
3730 # endif /* fstatfs */
3732 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3733 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID) && \
3734 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC) && \
3735 defined(HAS_FSTAT) && \
3736 defined(HAS_USTAT) && \
3737 defined(HAS_GETMNT) && \
3738 defined(HAS_STRUCT_FS_DATA) && \
3740 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3743 if (fstat(fd, &fdst) == 0) {
3745 if (ustat(fdst.st_dev, &us) == 0) {
3747 /* NOSTAT_ONE here because we're not examining fields which
3748 * vary between that case and STAT_ONE. */
3749 if (getmnt((int*)0, &fsd, (int)0, NOSTAT_ONE, us.f_fname) == 0) {
3750 size_t cmplen = sizeof(us.f_fname);
3751 if (sizeof(fsd.fd_req.path) < cmplen)
3752 cmplen = sizeof(fsd.fd_req.path);
3753 if (strnEQ(fsd.fd_req.path, us.f_fname, cmplen) &&
3754 fdst.st_dev == fsd.fd_req.dev) {
3756 on_nosuid = fsd.fd_req.flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID;
3757 on_noexec = fsd.fd_req.flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC;
3762 # endif /* fstat+ustat+getmnt */
3764 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3765 defined(HAS_GETMNTENT) && \
3766 defined(HAS_HASMNTOPT) && \
3767 defined(MNTOPT_NOSUID) && \
3768 defined(MNTOPT_NOEXEC)
3769 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3770 FILE *mtab = fopen("/etc/mtab", "r");
3771 struct mntent *entry;
3774 if (mtab && (fstat(fd, &stb) == 0)) {
3775 while (entry = getmntent(mtab)) {
3776 if (stat(entry->mnt_dir, &fsb) == 0
3777 && fsb.st_dev == stb.st_dev)
3779 /* found the filesystem */
3781 if (hasmntopt(entry, MNTOPT_NOSUID))
3783 if (hasmntopt(entry, MNTOPT_NOEXEC))
3786 } /* A single fs may well fail its stat(). */
3791 # endif /* getmntent+hasmntopt */
3794 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't check filesystem of script \"%s\" for nosuid/noexec", PL_origfilename);
3796 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script \"%s\" on nosuid filesystem", PL_origfilename);
3798 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script \"%s\" on noexec filesystem", PL_origfilename);
3799 return ((!check_okay) || on_nosuid || on_noexec);
3801 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3804 S_validate_suid(pTHX_ const char *validarg, const char *scriptname)
3809 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3811 /* do we need to emulate setuid on scripts? */
3813 /* This code is for those BSD systems that have setuid #! scripts disabled
3814 * in the kernel because of a security problem. Merely defining DOSUID
3815 * in perl will not fix that problem, but if you have disabled setuid
3816 * scripts in the kernel, this will attempt to emulate setuid and setgid
3817 * on scripts that have those now-otherwise-useless bits set. The setuid
3818 * root version must be called suidperl or sperlN.NNN. If regular perl
3819 * discovers that it has opened a setuid script, it calls suidperl with
3820 * the same argv that it had. If suidperl finds that the script it has
3821 * just opened is NOT setuid root, it sets the effective uid back to the
3822 * uid. We don't just make perl setuid root because that loses the
3823 * effective uid we had before invoking perl, if it was different from the
3826 * Description/comments above do not match current workings:
3827 * suidperl must be hardlinked to sperlN.NNN (that is what we exec);
3828 * suidperl called with script open and name changed to /dev/fd/N/X;
3829 * suidperl croaks if script is not setuid;
3830 * making perl setuid would be a huge security risk (and yes, that
3831 * would lose any euid we might have had).
3833 * DOSUID must be defined in both perl and suidperl, and IAMSUID must
3834 * be defined in suidperl only. suidperl must be setuid root. The
3835 * Configure script will set this up for you if you want it.
3841 if (PerlLIO_fstat(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),&PL_statbuf) < 0) /* normal stat is insecure */
3842 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't stat script \"%s\"",PL_origfilename);
3843 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & (S_ISUID|S_ISGID)) {
3845 const char *linestr;
3849 if (PL_fdscript < 0 || PL_suidscript != 1)
3850 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Need (suid) fdscript in suidperl\n"); /* We already checked this */
3852 * Since the script is opened by perl, not suidperl, some of these
3853 * checks are superfluous. Leaving them in probably does not lower
3857 * Do checks even for systems with no HAS_SETREUID.
3858 * We used to swap, then re-swap UIDs with
3860 if (setreuid(PL_euid,PL_uid) < 0
3861 || PerlProc_getuid() != PL_euid || PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_uid)
3862 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't swap uid and euid");
3865 if (setreuid(PL_uid,PL_euid) < 0
3866 || PerlProc_getuid() != PL_uid || PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_euid)
3867 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't reswap uid and euid");
3871 /* On this access check to make sure the directories are readable,
3872 * there is actually a small window that the user could use to make
3873 * filename point to an accessible directory. So there is a faint
3874 * chance that someone could execute a setuid script down in a
3875 * non-accessible directory. I don't know what to do about that.
3876 * But I don't think it's too important. The manual lies when
3877 * it says access() is useful in setuid programs.
3879 * So, access() is pretty useless... but not harmful... do anyway.
3881 if (PerlLIO_access(CopFILE(PL_curcop),1)) { /*double check*/
3882 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't access() script\n");
3885 /* If we can swap euid and uid, then we can determine access rights
3886 * with a simple stat of the file, and then compare device and
3887 * inode to make sure we did stat() on the same file we opened.
3888 * Then we just have to make sure he or she can execute it.
3891 * As the script is opened by perl, not suidperl, we do not need to
3892 * care much about access rights.
3894 * The 'script changed' check is needed, or we can get lied to
3895 * about $0 with e.g.
3896 * suidperl /dev/fd/4//bin/x 4<setuidscript
3897 * Without HAS_SETREUID, is it safe to stat() as root?
3899 * Are there any operating systems that pass /dev/fd/xxx for setuid
3900 * scripts, as suggested/described in perlsec(1)? Surely they do not
3901 * pass the script name as we do, so the "script changed" test would
3902 * fail for them... but we never get here with
3903 * SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW defined.
3905 * This is one place where we must "lie" about return status: not
3906 * say if the stat() failed. We are doing this as root, and could
3907 * be tricked into reporting existence or not of files that the
3908 * "plain" user cannot even see.
3912 if (PerlLIO_stat(CopFILE(PL_curcop),&tmpstatbuf) < 0 ||
3913 tmpstatbuf.st_dev != PL_statbuf.st_dev ||
3914 tmpstatbuf.st_ino != PL_statbuf.st_ino) {
3915 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script changed\n");
3919 if (!cando(S_IXUSR,FALSE,&PL_statbuf)) /* can real uid exec? */
3920 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Real UID cannot exec script\n");
3923 * We used to do this check as the "plain" user (after swapping
3924 * UIDs). But the check for nosuid and noexec filesystem is needed,
3925 * and should be done even without HAS_SETREUID. (Maybe those
3926 * operating systems do not have such mount options anyway...)
3927 * Seems safe enough to do as root.
3929 #if !defined(NO_NOSUID_CHECK)
3930 if (fd_on_nosuid_fs(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp))) {
3931 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script on nosuid or noexec filesystem\n");
3934 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3936 if (!S_ISREG(PL_statbuf.st_mode)) {
3937 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script not plain file\n");
3939 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_IWOTH)
3940 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid/gid script is writable by world");
3941 PL_doswitches = FALSE; /* -s is insecure in suid */
3942 /* PSz 13 Nov 03 But -s was caught elsewhere ... so unsetting it here is useless(?!) */
3943 CopLINE_inc(PL_curcop);
3944 linestr = SvPV_nolen_const(PL_linestr);
3945 if (sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0) == Nullch ||
3946 strnNE(linestr,"#!",2) ) /* required even on Sys V */
3947 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No #! line");
3951 /* Sanity check on line length */
3952 s_end = s + strlen(s);
3953 if (s_end == s || (s_end - s) > 4000)
3954 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Very long #! line");
3955 /* Allow more than a single space after #! */
3956 while (isSPACE(*s)) s++;
3957 /* Sanity check on buffer end */
3958 while ((*s) && !isSPACE(*s)) s++;
3959 for (s2 = s; (s2 > linestr &&
3960 (isDIGIT(s2[-1]) || s2[-1] == '.' || s2[-1] == '_'
3961 || s2[-1] == '-')); s2--) ;
3962 /* Sanity check on buffer start */
3963 if ( (s2-4 < linestr || strnNE(s2-4,"perl",4)) &&
3964 (s-9 < linestr || strnNE(s-9,"perl",4)) )
3965 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Not a perl script");
3966 while (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t') s++;
3968 * #! arg must be what we saw above. They can invoke it by
3969 * mentioning suidperl explicitly, but they may not add any strange
3970 * arguments beyond what #! says if they do invoke suidperl that way.
3973 * The way validarg was set up, we rely on the kernel to start
3974 * scripts with argv[1] set to contain all #! line switches (the
3978 * Check that we got all the arguments listed in the #! line (not
3979 * just that there are no extraneous arguments). Might not matter
3980 * much, as switches from #! line seem to be acted upon (also), and
3981 * so may be checked and trapped in perl. But, security checks must
3982 * be done in suidperl and not deferred to perl. Note that suidperl
3983 * does not get around to parsing (and checking) the switches on
3984 * the #! line (but execs perl sooner).
3985 * Allow (require) a trailing newline (which may be of two
3986 * characters on some architectures?) (but no other trailing
3989 len = strlen(validarg);
3990 if (strEQ(validarg," PHOOEY ") ||
3991 strnNE(s,validarg,len) || !isSPACE(s[len]) ||
3992 !((s_end - s) == len+1
3993 || ((s_end - s) == len+2 && isSPACE(s[len+1]))))
3994 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Args must match #! line");
3997 if (PL_fdscript < 0 &&
3998 PL_euid != PL_uid && (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID) &&
3999 PL_euid == PL_statbuf.st_uid)
4001 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "YOU HAVEN'T DISABLED SET-ID SCRIPTS IN THE KERNEL YET!\n\
4002 FIX YOUR KERNEL, OR PUT A C WRAPPER AROUND THIS SCRIPT!\n");
4003 #endif /* IAMSUID */
4005 if (PL_fdscript < 0 &&
4006 PL_euid) { /* oops, we're not the setuid root perl */
4008 * When root runs a setuid script, we do not go through the same
4009 * steps of execing sperl and then perl with fd scripts, but
4010 * simply set up UIDs within the same perl invocation; so do
4011 * not have the same checks (on options, whatever) that we have
4012 * for plain users. No problem really: would have to be a script
4013 * that does not actually work for plain users; and if root is
4014 * foolish and can be persuaded to run such an unsafe script, he
4015 * might run also non-setuid ones, and deserves what he gets.
4017 * Or, we might drop the PL_euid check above (and rely just on
4018 * PL_fdscript to avoid loops), and do the execs
4024 * Pass fd script to suidperl.
4025 * Exec suidperl, substituting fd script for scriptname.
4026 * Pass script name as "subdir" of fd, which perl will grok;
4027 * in fact will use that to distinguish this from "normal"
4028 * usage, see comments above.
4030 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
4031 PerlLIO_lseek(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),(Off_t)0,0); /* just in case rewind didn't */
4032 /* PSz 27 Feb 04 Sanity checks on scriptname */
4033 if ((!scriptname) || (!*scriptname) ) {
4034 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No setuid script name\n");
4036 if (*scriptname == '-') {
4037 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script name may not begin with dash\n");
4038 /* Or we might confuse it with an option when replacing
4039 * name in argument list, below (though we do pointer, not
4040 * string, comparisons).
4043 for (which = 1; PL_origargv[which] && PL_origargv[which] != scriptname; which++) ;
4044 if (!PL_origargv[which]) {
4045 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't change argv to have fd script\n");
4047 PL_origargv[which] = savepv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "/dev/fd/%d/%s",
4048 PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp), PL_origargv[which]));
4049 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
4050 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,0); /* ensure no close-on-exec */
4053 PerlProc_execv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s/sperl"PERL_FS_VER_FMT, BIN_EXP,
4054 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
4055 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION), PL_origargv);
4057 #endif /* IAMSUID */
4058 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setuid (cannot exec sperl)\n");
4061 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISGID && PL_statbuf.st_gid != PL_egid) {
4063 * This seems back to front: we try HAS_SETEGID first; if not available
4064 * then try HAS_SETREGID; as a last chance we try HAS_SETRESGID. May be OK
4065 * in the sense that we only want to set EGID; but are there any machines
4066 * with either of the latter, but not the former? Same with UID, later.
4069 (void)setegid(PL_statbuf.st_gid);
4072 (void)setregid((Gid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_gid);
4074 #ifdef HAS_SETRESGID
4075 (void)setresgid((Gid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_gid,(Gid_t)-1);
4077 PerlProc_setgid(PL_statbuf.st_gid);
4081 if (PerlProc_getegid() != PL_statbuf.st_gid)
4082 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setegid!\n");
4084 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID) {
4085 if (PL_statbuf.st_uid != PL_euid)
4087 (void)seteuid(PL_statbuf.st_uid); /* all that for this */
4090 (void)setreuid((Uid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_uid);
4092 #ifdef HAS_SETRESUID
4093 (void)setresuid((Uid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_uid,(Uid_t)-1);
4095 PerlProc_setuid(PL_statbuf.st_uid);
4099 if (PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_statbuf.st_uid)
4100 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do seteuid!\n");
4102 else if (PL_uid) { /* oops, mustn't run as root */
4104 (void)seteuid((Uid_t)PL_uid);
4107 (void)setreuid((Uid_t)-1,(Uid_t)PL_uid);
4109 #ifdef HAS_SETRESUID
4110 (void)setresuid((Uid_t)-1,(Uid_t)PL_uid,(Uid_t)-1);
4112 PerlProc_setuid((Uid_t)PL_uid);
4116 if (PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_uid)
4117 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do seteuid!\n");
4120 if (!cando(S_IXUSR,TRUE,&PL_statbuf))
4121 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Effective UID cannot exec script\n"); /* they can't do this */
4124 else if (PL_preprocess) /* PSz 13 Nov 03 Caught elsewhere, useless(?!) here */
4125 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "-P not allowed for setuid/setgid script\n");
4126 else if (PL_fdscript < 0 || PL_suidscript != 1)
4127 /* PSz 13 Nov 03 Caught elsewhere, useless(?!) here */
4128 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "(suid) fdscript needed in suidperl\n");
4130 /* PSz 16 Sep 03 Keep neat error message */
4131 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Script is not setuid/setgid in suidperl\n");
4134 /* We absolutely must clear out any saved ids here, so we */
4135 /* exec the real perl, substituting fd script for scriptname. */
4136 /* (We pass script name as "subdir" of fd, which perl will grok.) */
4138 * It might be thought that using setresgid and/or setresuid (changed to
4139 * set the saved IDs) above might obviate the need to exec, and we could
4140 * go on to "do the perl thing".
4142 * Is there such a thing as "saved GID", and is that set for setuid (but
4143 * not setgid) execution like suidperl? Without exec, it would not be
4144 * cleared for setuid (but not setgid) scripts (or might need a dummy
4147 * We need suidperl to do the exact same argument checking that perl
4148 * does. Thus it cannot be very small; while it could be significantly
4149 * smaller, it is safer (simpler?) to make it essentially the same
4150 * binary as perl (but they are not identical). - Maybe could defer that
4151 * check to the invoked perl, and suidperl be a tiny wrapper instead;
4152 * but prefer to do thorough checks in suidperl itself. Such deferral
4153 * would make suidperl security rely on perl, a design no-no.
4155 * Setuid things should be short and simple, thus easy to understand and
4156 * verify. They should do their "own thing", without influence by
4157 * attackers. It may help if their internal execution flow is fixed,
4158 * regardless of platform: it may be best to exec anyway.
4160 * Suidperl should at least be conceptually simple: a wrapper only,
4161 * never to do any real perl. Maybe we should put
4163 * Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Suidperl should never do real perl\n");
4165 * into the perly bits.
4167 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
4168 PerlLIO_lseek(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),(Off_t)0,0); /* just in case rewind didn't */
4170 * Keep original arguments: suidperl already has fd script.
4172 /* for (which = 1; PL_origargv[which] && PL_origargv[which] != scriptname; which++) ; */
4173 /* if (!PL_origargv[which]) { */
4174 /* errno = EPERM; */
4175 /* Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Permission denied\n"); */
4177 /* PL_origargv[which] = savepv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "/dev/fd/%d/%s", */
4178 /* PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp), PL_origargv[which])); */
4179 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
4180 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,0); /* ensure no close-on-exec */
4183 PerlProc_execv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s/perl"PERL_FS_VER_FMT, BIN_EXP,
4184 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
4185 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION), PL_origargv);/* try again */
4187 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setuid (suidperl cannot exec perl)\n");
4188 #endif /* IAMSUID */
4190 if (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid) { /* (suidperl doesn't exist, in fact) */
4191 #ifndef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
4192 PerlLIO_fstat(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),&PL_statbuf); /* may be either wrapped or real suid */
4193 if ((PL_euid != PL_uid && PL_euid == PL_statbuf.st_uid && PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID)
4195 (PL_egid != PL_gid && PL_egid == PL_statbuf.st_gid && PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISGID)
4198 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "YOU HAVEN'T DISABLED SET-ID SCRIPTS IN THE KERNEL YET!\n\
4199 FIX YOUR KERNEL, PUT A C WRAPPER AROUND THIS SCRIPT, OR USE -u AND UNDUMP!\n");
4200 #endif /* SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW */
4201 /* not set-id, must be wrapped */
4209 S_find_beginning(pTHX)
4212 register const char *s2;
4213 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4217 /* skip forward in input to the real script? */
4220 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4221 /* Since the Mac OS does not honor #! arguments for us, we do it ourselves */
4223 while (PL_doextract || gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
4224 if ((s = sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0)) == Nullch) {
4225 if (!gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract)
4226 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No Perl script found in input\n");
4228 if (PL_doextract) /* require explicit override ? */
4229 if (!OverrideExtract(PL_origfilename))
4230 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "User aborted script\n");
4232 PL_doextract = FALSE;
4234 /* Pater peccavi, file does not have #! */
4235 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
4240 while (PL_doextract) {
4241 if ((s = sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0)) == Nullch)
4242 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No Perl script found in input\n");
4245 if (*s == '#' && s[1] == '!' && ((s = instr(s,"perl")) || (s = instr(s2,"PERL")))) {
4246 PerlIO_ungetc(PL_rsfp, '\n'); /* to keep line count right */
4247 PL_doextract = FALSE;
4248 while (*s && !(isSPACE (*s) || *s == '#')) s++;
4250 while (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t') s++;
4252 while (isDIGIT(s2[-1]) || s2[-1] == '-' || s2[-1] == '.'
4253 || s2[-1] == '_') s2--;
4254 if (strnEQ(s2-4,"perl",4))
4255 while ((s = moreswitches(s)))
4258 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4259 /* We are always searching for the #!perl line in MacPerl,
4260 * so if we find it, still keep the line count correct
4261 * by counting lines we already skipped over
4263 for (; maclines > 0 ; maclines--)
4264 PerlIO_ungetc(PL_rsfp, '\n');
4268 /* gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract is false in MPW tool */
4269 } else if (gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
4280 PL_uid = PerlProc_getuid();
4281 PL_euid = PerlProc_geteuid();
4282 PL_gid = PerlProc_getgid();
4283 PL_egid = PerlProc_getegid();
4285 PL_uid |= PL_gid << 16;
4286 PL_euid |= PL_egid << 16;
4288 /* Should not happen: */
4289 CHECK_MALLOC_TAINT(PL_uid && (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid));
4290 PL_tainting |= (PL_uid && (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid));
4293 * Should go by suidscript, not uid!=euid: why disallow
4294 * system("ls") in scripts run from setuid things?
4295 * Or, is this run before we check arguments and set suidscript?
4296 * What about SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW: could we use fdscript then?
4297 * (We never have suidscript, can we be sure to have fdscript?)
4298 * Or must then go by UID checks? See comments in forbid_setid also.
4302 /* This is used very early in the lifetime of the program,
4303 * before even the options are parsed, so PL_tainting has
4304 * not been initialized properly. */
4306 Perl_doing_taint(int argc, char *argv[], char *envp[])
4308 #ifndef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
4309 /* If we have PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS we can't call getuid() et alia
4310 * before we have an interpreter-- and the whole point of this
4311 * function is to be called at such an early stage. If you are on
4312 * a system with PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS but you do have a concept of
4313 * "tainted because running with altered effective ids', you'll
4314 * have to add your own checks somewhere in here. The two most
4315 * known samples of 'implicitness' are Win32 and NetWare, neither
4316 * of which has much of concept of 'uids'. */
4317 int uid = PerlProc_getuid();
4318 int euid = PerlProc_geteuid();
4319 int gid = PerlProc_getgid();
4320 int egid = PerlProc_getegid();
4327 if (uid && (euid != uid || egid != gid))
4329 #endif /* !PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS */
4330 /* This is a really primitive check; environment gets ignored only
4331 * if -T are the first chars together; otherwise one gets
4332 * "Too late" message. */
4333 if ( argc > 1 && argv[1][0] == '-'
4334 && (argv[1][1] == 't' || argv[1][1] == 'T') )
4340 S_forbid_setid(pTHX_ const char *s)
4342 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
4343 if (PL_euid != PL_uid)
4344 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed while running setuid", s);
4345 if (PL_egid != PL_gid)
4346 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed while running setgid", s);
4347 #endif /* SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW */
4349 * Checks for UID/GID above "wrong": why disallow
4350 * perl -e 'print "Hello\n"'
4351 * from within setuid things?? Simply drop them: replaced by
4352 * fdscript/suidscript and #ifdef IAMSUID checks below.
4354 * This may be too late for command-line switches. Will catch those on
4355 * the #! line, after finding the script name and setting up
4356 * fdscript/suidscript. Note that suidperl does not get around to
4357 * parsing (and checking) the switches on the #! line, but checks that
4358 * the two sets are identical.
4360 * With SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW, could we use fdscript, also or
4361 * instead, or would that be "too late"? (We never have suidscript, can
4362 * we be sure to have fdscript?)
4364 * Catch things with suidscript (in descendant of suidperl), even with
4365 * right UID/GID. Was already checked in suidperl, with #ifdef IAMSUID,
4366 * below; but I am paranoid.
4368 * Also see comments about root running a setuid script, elsewhere.
4370 if (PL_suidscript >= 0)
4371 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed with (suid) fdscript", s);
4373 /* PSz 11 Nov 03 Catch it in suidperl, always! */
4374 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed in suidperl", s);
4375 #endif /* IAMSUID */
4379 Perl_init_debugger(pTHX)
4381 HV * const ostash = PL_curstash;
4383 PL_curstash = PL_debstash;
4384 PL_dbargs = GvAV(gv_AVadd((gv_fetchpv("DB::args", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVAV))));
4385 AvREAL_off(PL_dbargs);
4386 PL_DBgv = gv_fetchpv("DB::DB", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVGV);
4387 PL_DBline = gv_fetchpv("DB::dbline", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVAV);
4388 PL_DBsub = gv_HVadd(gv_fetchpv("DB::sub", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
4389 PL_DBsingle = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("DB::single", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
4390 sv_setiv(PL_DBsingle, 0);
4391 PL_DBtrace = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("DB::trace", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
4392 sv_setiv(PL_DBtrace, 0);
4393 PL_DBsignal = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("DB::signal", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
4394 sv_setiv(PL_DBsignal, 0);
4395 PL_DBassertion = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("DB::assertion", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
4396 sv_setiv(PL_DBassertion, 0);
4397 PL_curstash = ostash;
4400 #ifndef STRESS_REALLOC
4401 #define REASONABLE(size) (size)
4403 #define REASONABLE(size) (1) /* unreasonable */
4407 Perl_init_stacks(pTHX)
4409 /* start with 128-item stack and 8K cxstack */
4410 PL_curstackinfo = new_stackinfo(REASONABLE(128),
4411 REASONABLE(8192/sizeof(PERL_CONTEXT) - 1));
4412 PL_curstackinfo->si_type = PERLSI_MAIN;
4413 PL_curstack = PL_curstackinfo->si_stack;
4414 PL_mainstack = PL_curstack; /* remember in case we switch stacks */
4416 PL_stack_base = AvARRAY(PL_curstack);
4417 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base;
4418 PL_stack_max = PL_stack_base + AvMAX(PL_curstack);
4420 Newx(PL_tmps_stack,REASONABLE(128),SV*);
4423 PL_tmps_max = REASONABLE(128);
4425 Newx(PL_markstack,REASONABLE(32),I32);
4426 PL_markstack_ptr = PL_markstack;
4427 PL_markstack_max = PL_markstack + REASONABLE(32);
4431 Newx(PL_scopestack,REASONABLE(32),I32);
4432 PL_scopestack_ix = 0;
4433 PL_scopestack_max = REASONABLE(32);
4435 Newx(PL_savestack,REASONABLE(128),ANY);
4436 PL_savestack_ix = 0;
4437 PL_savestack_max = REASONABLE(128);
4445 while (PL_curstackinfo->si_next)
4446 PL_curstackinfo = PL_curstackinfo->si_next;
4447 while (PL_curstackinfo) {
4448 PERL_SI *p = PL_curstackinfo->si_prev;
4449 /* curstackinfo->si_stack got nuked by sv_free_arenas() */
4450 Safefree(PL_curstackinfo->si_cxstack);
4451 Safefree(PL_curstackinfo);
4452 PL_curstackinfo = p;
4454 Safefree(PL_tmps_stack);
4455 Safefree(PL_markstack);
4456 Safefree(PL_scopestack);
4457 Safefree(PL_savestack);
4466 lex_start(PL_linestr);
4468 PL_subname = newSVpvs("main");
4472 S_init_predump_symbols(pTHX)
4477 sv_setpvn(get_sv("\"", TRUE), " ", 1);
4478 PL_stdingv = gv_fetchpv("STDIN",TRUE, SVt_PVIO);
4479 GvMULTI_on(PL_stdingv);
4480 io = GvIOp(PL_stdingv);
4481 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_RDONLY;
4482 IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stdin();
4483 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("stdin",TRUE, SVt_PV);
4485 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc(io);
4487 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("STDOUT",TRUE, SVt_PVIO);
4490 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_WRONLY;
4491 IoOFP(io) = IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stdout();
4493 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("stdout",TRUE, SVt_PV);
4495 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc(io);
4497 PL_stderrgv = gv_fetchpv("STDERR",TRUE, SVt_PVIO);
4498 GvMULTI_on(PL_stderrgv);
4499 io = GvIOp(PL_stderrgv);
4500 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_WRONLY;
4501 IoOFP(io) = IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stderr();
4502 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("stderr",TRUE, SVt_PV);
4504 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc(io);
4506 PL_statname = NEWSV(66,0); /* last filename we did stat on */
4508 Safefree(PL_osname);
4509 PL_osname = savepv(OSNAME);
4513 Perl_init_argv_symbols(pTHX_ register int argc, register char **argv)
4515 argc--,argv++; /* skip name of script */
4516 if (PL_doswitches) {
4517 for (; argc > 0 && **argv == '-'; argc--,argv++) {
4521 if (argv[0][1] == '-' && !argv[0][2]) {
4525 if ((s = strchr(argv[0], '='))) {
4527 sv_setpv(GvSV(gv_fetchpv(argv[0] + 1, TRUE, SVt_PV)), s + 1);
4531 sv_setiv(GvSV(gv_fetchpv(argv[0]+1,TRUE, SVt_PV)),1);
4534 if ((PL_argvgv = gv_fetchpv("ARGV",TRUE, SVt_PVAV))) {
4535 GvMULTI_on(PL_argvgv);
4536 (void)gv_AVadd(PL_argvgv);
4537 av_clear(GvAVn(PL_argvgv));
4538 for (; argc > 0; argc--,argv++) {
4539 SV * const sv = newSVpv(argv[0],0);
4540 av_push(GvAVn(PL_argvgv),sv);
4541 if (!(PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_LOCALE_FLAG) || PL_utf8locale) {
4542 if (PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_ARGV_FLAG)
4545 if (PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_WIDESYSCALLS_FLAG) /* Sarathy? */
4546 (void)sv_utf8_decode(sv);
4552 S_init_postdump_symbols(pTHX_ register int argc, register char **argv, register char **env)
4557 PL_toptarget = NEWSV(0,0);
4558 sv_upgrade(PL_toptarget, SVt_PVFM);
4559 sv_setpvn(PL_toptarget, "", 0);
4560 PL_bodytarget = NEWSV(0,0);
4561 sv_upgrade(PL_bodytarget, SVt_PVFM);
4562 sv_setpvn(PL_bodytarget, "", 0);
4563 PL_formtarget = PL_bodytarget;
4567 init_argv_symbols(argc,argv);
4569 if ((tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("0",TRUE, SVt_PV))) {
4570 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4571 /* $0 is not majick on a Mac */
4572 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv),MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
4574 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv),PL_origfilename);
4575 magicname("0", "0", 1);
4578 if ((PL_envgv = gv_fetchpv("ENV",TRUE, SVt_PVHV))) {
4580 GvMULTI_on(PL_envgv);
4581 hv = GvHVn(PL_envgv);
4582 hv_magic(hv, Nullgv, PERL_MAGIC_env);
4584 #ifdef USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY
4585 /* Note that if the supplied env parameter is actually a copy
4586 of the global environ then it may now point to free'd memory
4587 if the environment has been modified since. To avoid this
4588 problem we treat env==NULL as meaning 'use the default'
4593 # ifdef USE_ITHREADS
4594 && PL_curinterp == aTHX
4598 environ[0] = Nullch;
4601 char** origenv = environ;
4604 for (; *env; env++) {
4605 if (!(s = strchr(*env,'=')) || s == *env)
4607 #if defined(MSDOS) && !defined(DJGPP)
4612 sv = newSVpv(s+1, 0);
4613 (void)hv_store(hv, *env, s - *env, sv, 0);
4616 if (origenv != environ) {
4617 /* realloc has shifted us */
4618 env = (env - origenv) + environ;
4623 #endif /* USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY */
4624 #endif /* !PERL_MICRO */
4627 if ((tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("$",TRUE, SVt_PV))) {
4628 SvREADONLY_off(GvSV(tmpgv));
4629 sv_setiv(GvSV(tmpgv), (IV)PerlProc_getpid());
4630 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(tmpgv));
4632 #ifdef THREADS_HAVE_PIDS
4633 PL_ppid = (IV)getppid();
4636 /* touch @F array to prevent spurious warnings 20020415 MJD */
4638 (void) get_av("main::F", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4640 /* touch @- and @+ arrays to prevent spurious warnings 20020415 MJD */
4641 (void) get_av("main::-", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4642 (void) get_av("main::+", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4646 S_init_perllib(pTHX)
4651 s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL5LIB");
4653 * It isn't possible to delete an environment variable with
4654 * PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV set unless unsetenv() is also available, so in that
4655 * case we treat PERL5LIB as undefined if it has a zero-length value.
4657 #if defined(PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV) && ! defined(HAS_UNSETENV)
4658 if (s && *s != '\0')
4662 incpush(s, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE);
4664 incpush(PerlEnv_getenv("PERLLIB"), FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4666 /* Treat PERL5?LIB as a possible search list logical name -- the
4667 * "natural" VMS idiom for a Unix path string. We allow each
4668 * element to be a set of |-separated directories for compatibility.
4672 if (my_trnlnm("PERL5LIB",buf,0))
4673 do { incpush(buf,TRUE,TRUE,TRUE,FALSE); } while (my_trnlnm("PERL5LIB",buf,++idx));
4675 while (my_trnlnm("PERLLIB",buf,idx++)) incpush(buf,FALSE,FALSE,TRUE,FALSE);
4679 /* Use the ~-expanded versions of APPLLIB (undocumented),
4680 ARCHLIB PRIVLIB SITEARCH SITELIB VENDORARCH and VENDORLIB
4683 incpush(APPLLIB_EXP, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4687 incpush(ARCHLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4689 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4692 SV * privdir = NEWSV(55, 0);
4693 char * macperl = PerlEnv_getenv("MACPERL");
4698 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ privdir, "%slib:", macperl);
4699 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(privdir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 && S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode))
4700 incpush(SvPVX(privdir), TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4701 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ privdir, "%ssite_perl:", macperl);
4702 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(privdir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 && S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode))
4703 incpush(SvPVX(privdir), TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4705 SvREFCNT_dec(privdir);
4708 incpush(":", FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4711 # define PRIVLIB_EXP "/usr/local/lib/perl5:/usr/local/lib/perl"
4714 incpush(PRIVLIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4716 incpush(PRIVLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4720 /* sitearch is always relative to sitelib on Windows for
4721 * DLL-based path intuition to work correctly */
4722 # if !defined(WIN32)
4723 incpush(SITEARCH_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4729 /* this picks up sitearch as well */
4730 incpush(SITELIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4732 incpush(SITELIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4736 #ifdef SITELIB_STEM /* Search for version-specific dirs below here */
4737 incpush(SITELIB_STEM, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4740 #ifdef PERL_VENDORARCH_EXP
4741 /* vendorarch is always relative to vendorlib on Windows for
4742 * DLL-based path intuition to work correctly */
4743 # if !defined(WIN32)
4744 incpush(PERL_VENDORARCH_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4748 #ifdef PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP
4750 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE); /* this picks up vendorarch as well */
4752 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4756 #ifdef PERL_VENDORLIB_STEM /* Search for version-specific dirs below here */
4757 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_STEM, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4760 #ifdef PERL_OTHERLIBDIRS
4761 incpush(PERL_OTHERLIBDIRS, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4765 incpush(".", FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4766 #endif /* MACOS_TRADITIONAL */
4769 #if defined(DOSISH) || defined(EPOC) || defined(__SYMBIAN32__)
4770 # define PERLLIB_SEP ';'
4773 # define PERLLIB_SEP '|'
4775 # if defined(MACOS_TRADITIONAL)
4776 # define PERLLIB_SEP ','
4778 # define PERLLIB_SEP ':'
4782 #ifndef PERLLIB_MANGLE
4783 # define PERLLIB_MANGLE(s,n) (s)
4786 /* Push a directory onto @INC if it exists.
4787 Generate a new SV if we do this, to save needing to copy the SV we push
4790 S_incpush_if_exists(pTHX_ SV *dir)
4793 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX_const(dir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 &&
4794 S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode)) {
4795 av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), dir);
4802 S_incpush(pTHX_ const char *dir, bool addsubdirs, bool addoldvers, bool usesep,
4805 SV *subdir = Nullsv;
4806 const char *p = dir;
4811 if (addsubdirs || addoldvers) {
4812 subdir = NEWSV(0,0);
4815 /* Break at all separators */
4817 SV *libdir = NEWSV(55,0);
4820 /* skip any consecutive separators */
4822 while ( *p == PERLLIB_SEP ) {
4823 /* Uncomment the next line for PATH semantics */
4824 /* av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), newSVpvs(".")); */
4829 if ( usesep && (s = strchr(p, PERLLIB_SEP)) != Nullch ) {
4830 sv_setpvn(libdir, PERLLIB_MANGLE(p, (STRLEN)(s - p)),
4835 sv_setpv(libdir, PERLLIB_MANGLE(p, 0));
4836 p = Nullch; /* break out */
4838 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4839 if (!strchr(SvPVX(libdir), ':')) {
4842 sv_setpv(libdir, MacPerl_CanonDir(SvPVX(libdir), buf, 0));
4844 if (SvPVX(libdir)[SvCUR(libdir)-1] != ':')
4845 sv_catpvs(libdir, ":");
4848 /* Do the if() outside the #ifdef to avoid warnings about an unused
4851 #ifdef PERL_RELOCATABLE_INC
4853 * Relocatable include entries are marked with a leading .../
4856 * 0: Remove that leading ".../"
4857 * 1: Remove trailing executable name (anything after the last '/')
4858 * from the perl path to give a perl prefix
4860 * While the @INC element starts "../" and the prefix ends with a real
4861 * directory (ie not . or ..) chop that real directory off the prefix
4862 * and the leading "../" from the @INC element. ie a logical "../"
4864 * Finally concatenate the prefix and the remainder of the @INC element
4865 * The intent is that /usr/local/bin/perl and .../../lib/perl5
4866 * generates /usr/local/lib/perl5
4868 const char *libpath = SvPVX(libdir);
4869 STRLEN libpath_len = SvCUR(libdir);
4870 if (libpath_len >= 4 && memEQ (libpath, ".../", 4)) {
4872 SV * const caret_X = get_sv("\030", 0);
4873 /* Going to use the SV just as a scratch buffer holding a C
4879 /* $^X is *the* source of taint if tainting is on, hence
4880 SvPOK() won't be true. */
4882 assert(SvPOKp(caret_X));
4883 prefix_sv = newSVpvn(SvPVX(caret_X), SvCUR(caret_X));
4884 /* Firstly take off the leading .../
4885 If all else fail we'll do the paths relative to the current
4887 sv_chop(libdir, libpath + 4);
4888 /* Don't use SvPV as we're intentionally bypassing taining,
4889 mortal copies that the mg_get of tainting creates, and
4890 corruption that seems to come via the save stack.
4891 I guess that the save stack isn't correctly set up yet. */
4892 libpath = SvPVX(libdir);
4893 libpath_len = SvCUR(libdir);
4895 /* This would work more efficiently with memrchr, but as it's
4896 only a GNU extension we'd need to probe for it and
4897 implement our own. Not hard, but maybe not worth it? */
4899 prefix = SvPVX(prefix_sv);
4900 lastslash = strrchr(prefix, '/');
4902 /* First time in with the *lastslash = '\0' we just wipe off
4903 the trailing /perl from (say) /usr/foo/bin/perl
4907 while ((*lastslash = '\0'), /* Do that, come what may. */
4908 (libpath_len >= 3 && memEQ(libpath, "../", 3)
4909 && (lastslash = strrchr(prefix, '/')))) {
4910 if (lastslash[1] == '\0'
4911 || (lastslash[1] == '.'
4912 && (lastslash[2] == '/' /* ends "/." */
4913 || (lastslash[2] == '/'
4914 && lastslash[3] == '/' /* or "/.." */
4916 /* Prefix ends "/" or "/." or "/..", any of which
4917 are fishy, so don't do any more logical cleanup.
4921 /* Remove leading "../" from path */
4924 /* Next iteration round the loop removes the last
4925 directory name from prefix by writing a '\0' in
4926 the while clause. */
4928 /* prefix has been terminated with a '\0' to the correct
4929 length. libpath points somewhere into the libdir SV.
4930 We need to join the 2 with '/' and drop the result into
4932 tempsv = Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "%s/%s", prefix, libpath);
4933 SvREFCNT_dec(libdir);
4934 /* And this is the new libdir. */
4937 (PL_uid != PL_euid || PL_gid != PL_egid)) {
4938 /* Need to taint reloccated paths if running set ID */
4939 SvTAINTED_on(libdir);
4942 SvREFCNT_dec(prefix_sv);
4947 * BEFORE pushing libdir onto @INC we may first push version- and
4948 * archname-specific sub-directories.
4950 if (addsubdirs || addoldvers) {
4951 #ifdef PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST
4952 /* Configure terminates PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST with a NULL */
4953 const char * const incverlist[] = { PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST };
4954 const char * const *incver;
4960 if ((unix = tounixspec_ts(SvPV(libdir,len),Nullch)) != Nullch) {
4962 while (unix[len-1] == '/') len--; /* Cosmetic */
4963 sv_usepvn(libdir,unix,len);
4966 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log,
4967 "Failed to unixify @INC element \"%s\"\n",
4971 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4972 #define PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT ""
4973 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT "%s:"
4974 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_FS_VER_FMT PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT
4976 #define PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT "/"
4977 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT "/%s"
4978 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT PERL_FS_VER_FMT
4980 /* .../version/archname if -d .../version/archname */
4981 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_ARCH_FMT,
4983 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
4984 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION, ARCHNAME);
4985 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
4987 /* .../version if -d .../version */
4988 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH, libdir,
4989 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
4990 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION);
4991 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
4993 /* .../archname if -d .../archname */
4994 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT, libdir, ARCHNAME);
4995 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
4999 #ifdef PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST
5001 for (incver = incverlist; *incver; incver++) {
5002 /* .../xxx if -d .../xxx */
5003 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT, libdir, *incver);
5004 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
5010 /* finally push this lib directory on the end of @INC */
5011 av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), libdir);
5014 assert (SvREFCNT(subdir) == 1);
5015 SvREFCNT_dec(subdir);
5019 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
5020 STATIC struct perl_thread *
5021 S_init_main_thread(pTHX)
5023 #if !defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
5024 struct perl_thread *thr;
5028 Newxz(thr, 1, struct perl_thread);
5029 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
5030 thr->interp = PERL_GET_INTERP;
5031 thr->cvcache = newHV();
5032 thr->threadsv = newAV();
5033 /* thr->threadsvp is set when find_threadsv is called */
5034 thr->specific = newAV();
5035 thr->flags = THRf_R_JOINABLE;
5036 MUTEX_INIT(&thr->mutex);
5037 /* Handcraft thrsv similarly to mess_sv */
5038 Newx(PL_thrsv, 1, SV);
5040 SvFLAGS(PL_thrsv) = SVt_PV;
5041 SvANY(PL_thrsv) = (void*)xpv;
5042 SvREFCNT(PL_thrsv) = 1 << 30; /* practically infinite */
5043 SvPV_set(PL_thrsvr, (char*)thr);
5044 SvCUR_set(PL_thrsv, sizeof(thr));
5045 SvLEN_set(PL_thrsv, sizeof(thr));
5046 *SvEND(PL_thrsv) = '\0'; /* in the trailing_nul field */
5047 thr->oursv = PL_thrsv;
5048 PL_chopset = " \n-";
5051 MUTEX_LOCK(&PL_threads_mutex);
5057 MUTEX_UNLOCK(&PL_threads_mutex);
5059 #ifdef HAVE_THREAD_INTERN
5060 Perl_init_thread_intern(thr);
5063 #ifdef SET_THREAD_SELF
5064 SET_THREAD_SELF(thr);
5066 thr->self = pthread_self();
5067 #endif /* SET_THREAD_SELF */
5071 * These must come after the thread self setting
5072 * because sv_setpvn does SvTAINT and the taint
5073 * fields thread selfness being set.
5075 PL_toptarget = NEWSV(0,0);
5076 sv_upgrade(PL_toptarget, SVt_PVFM);
5077 sv_setpvn(PL_toptarget, "", 0);
5078 PL_bodytarget = NEWSV(0,0);
5079 sv_upgrade(PL_bodytarget, SVt_PVFM);
5080 sv_setpvn(PL_bodytarget, "", 0);
5081 PL_formtarget = PL_bodytarget;
5082 thr->errsv = newSVpvs("");
5083 (void) find_threadsv("@"); /* Ensure $@ is initialised early */
5086 PL_peepp = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_peep);
5087 PL_regcompp = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_pregcomp);
5088 PL_regexecp = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_regexec_flags);
5089 PL_regint_start = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_re_intuit_start);
5090 PL_regint_string = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_re_intuit_string);
5091 PL_regfree = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_pregfree);
5093 PL_reginterp_cnt = 0;
5097 #endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
5100 Perl_call_list(pTHX_ I32 oldscope, AV *paramList)
5104 const line_t oldline = CopLINE(PL_curcop);
5110 while (av_len(paramList) >= 0) {
5111 cv = (CV*)av_shift(paramList);
5113 if (paramList == PL_beginav) {
5114 /* save PL_beginav for compiler */
5115 if (! PL_beginav_save)
5116 PL_beginav_save = newAV();
5117 av_push(PL_beginav_save, (SV*)cv);
5119 else if (paramList == PL_checkav) {
5120 /* save PL_checkav for compiler */
5121 if (! PL_checkav_save)
5122 PL_checkav_save = newAV();
5123 av_push(PL_checkav_save, (SV*)cv);
5133 (void)SvPV_const(atsv, len);
5135 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
5136 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
5137 if (paramList == PL_beginav)
5138 sv_catpvs(atsv, "BEGIN failed--compilation aborted");
5140 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ atsv,
5141 "%s failed--call queue aborted",
5142 paramList == PL_checkav ? "CHECK"
5143 : paramList == PL_initav ? "INIT"
5145 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
5148 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%"SVf"", atsv);
5155 /* my_exit() was called */
5156 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
5159 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
5160 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
5161 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
5163 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED)) {
5164 if (paramList == PL_beginav)
5165 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "BEGIN failed--compilation aborted");
5167 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s failed--call queue aborted",
5168 paramList == PL_checkav ? "CHECK"
5169 : paramList == PL_initav ? "INIT"
5176 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
5177 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
5180 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: restartop\n");
5189 S_call_list_body(pTHX_ CV *cv)
5191 PUSHMARK(PL_stack_sp);
5192 call_sv((SV*)cv, G_EVAL|G_DISCARD);
5197 Perl_my_exit(pTHX_ U32 status)
5199 DEBUG_S(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "my_exit: thread %p, status %lu\n",
5200 thr, (unsigned long) status));
5209 STATUS_EXIT_SET(status);
5216 Perl_my_failure_exit(pTHX)
5219 /* We have been called to fall on our sword. The desired exit code
5220 * should be already set in STATUS_UNIX, but could be shifted over
5221 * by 8 bits. STATUS_UNIX_EXIT_SET will handle the cases where a
5224 * If an error code has not been set, then force the issue.
5226 if (MY_POSIX_EXIT) {
5228 /* In POSIX_EXIT mode follow Perl documentations and use 255 for
5229 * the exit code when there isn't an error.
5232 if (STATUS_UNIX == 0)
5233 STATUS_UNIX_EXIT_SET(255);
5235 STATUS_UNIX_EXIT_SET(STATUS_UNIX);
5237 /* The exit code could have been set by $? or vmsish which
5238 * means that it may not be fatal. So convert
5239 * success/warning codes to fatal.
5241 if ((STATUS_NATIVE & (STS$K_SEVERE|STS$K_ERROR)) == 0)
5242 STATUS_UNIX_EXIT_SET(255);
5246 /* Traditionally Perl on VMS always expects a Fatal Error. */
5247 if (vaxc$errno & 1) {
5249 /* So force success status to failure */
5250 if (STATUS_NATIVE & 1)
5255 STATUS_UNIX = EINTR; /* In case something cares */
5260 STATUS_NATIVE = vaxc$errno; /* Should already be this */
5262 /* Encode the severity code */
5263 severity = STATUS_NATIVE & STS$M_SEVERITY;
5264 STATUS_UNIX = (severity ? severity : 1) << 8;
5266 /* Perl expects this to be a fatal error */
5267 if (severity != STS$K_SEVERE)
5276 STATUS_UNIX_SET(errno);
5278 exitstatus = STATUS_UNIX >> 8;
5279 if (exitstatus & 255)
5280 STATUS_UNIX_SET(exitstatus);
5282 STATUS_UNIX_SET(255);
5289 S_my_exit_jump(pTHX)
5292 register PERL_CONTEXT *cx;
5297 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
5298 PL_e_script = Nullsv;
5301 POPSTACK_TO(PL_mainstack);
5302 if (cxstack_ix >= 0) {
5305 POPBLOCK(cx,PL_curpm);
5310 PERL_UNUSED_VAR(gimme);
5311 PERL_UNUSED_VAR(newsp);
5315 read_e_script(pTHX_ int idx, SV *buf_sv, int maxlen)
5317 const char * const p = SvPVX_const(PL_e_script);
5318 const char *nl = strchr(p, '\n');
5320 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(idx);
5321 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(maxlen);
5323 nl = (nl) ? nl+1 : SvEND(PL_e_script);
5325 filter_del(read_e_script);
5328 sv_catpvn(buf_sv, p, nl-p);
5329 sv_chop(PL_e_script, nl);
5335 * c-indentation-style: bsd
5337 * indent-tabs-mode: t
5340 * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 noet: