3 * Copyright (C) 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
4 * 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * "A ship then new they built for him/of mithril and of elven glass" --Bilbo
15 /* This file contains the top-level functions that are used to create, use
16 * and destroy a perl interpreter, plus the functions used by XS code to
17 * call back into perl. Note that it does not contain the actual main()
18 * function of the interpreter; that can be found in perlmain.c
23 * Be proud that perl(1) may proclaim:
24 * Setuid Perl scripts are safer than C programs ...
25 * Do not abandon (deprecate) suidperl. Do not advocate C wrappers.
27 * The flow was: perl starts, notices script is suid, execs suidperl with same
28 * arguments; suidperl opens script, checks many things, sets itself with
29 * right UID, execs perl with similar arguments but with script pre-opened on
30 * /dev/fd/xxx; perl checks script is as should be and does work. This was
31 * insecure: see perlsec(1) for many problems with this approach.
33 * The "correct" flow should be: perl starts, opens script and notices it is
34 * suid, checks many things, execs suidperl with similar arguments but with
35 * script on /dev/fd/xxx; suidperl checks script and /dev/fd/xxx object are
36 * same, checks arguments match #! line, sets itself with right UID, execs
37 * perl with same arguments; perl checks many things and does work.
39 * (Opening the script in perl instead of suidperl, we "lose" scripts that
40 * are readable to the target UID but not to the invoker. Where did
41 * unreadable scripts work anyway?)
43 * For now, suidperl and perl are pretty much the same large and cumbersome
44 * program, so suidperl can check its argument list (see comments elsewhere).
47 * Original bug report:
48 * http://bugs.perl.org/index.html?req=bug_id&bug_id=20010322.218
49 * http://rt.perl.org/rt2/Ticket/Display.html?id=6511
50 * Comments and discussion with Debian:
51 * http://bugs.debian.org/203426
52 * http://bugs.debian.org/220486
53 * Debian Security Advisory DSA 431-1 (does not fully fix problem):
54 * http://www.debian.org/security/2004/dsa-431
56 * http://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CAN-2003-0618
57 * Previous versions of this patch sent to perl5-porters:
58 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg71953.html
59 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75245.html
60 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75563.html
61 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75635.html
63 Paul Szabo - psz@maths.usyd.edu.au http://www.maths.usyd.edu.au:8000/u/psz/
64 School of Mathematics and Statistics University of Sydney 2006 Australia
68 * Use truthful, neat, specific error messages.
69 * Cannot always hide the truth; security must not depend on doing so.
73 * Use global(?), thread-local fdscript for easier checks.
74 * (I do not understand how we could possibly get a thread race:
75 * do not all threads go through the same initialization? Or in
76 * fact, are not threads started only after we get the script and
77 * so know what to do? Oh well, make things super-safe...)
81 #define PERL_IN_PERL_C
83 #include "patchlevel.h" /* for local_patches */
87 char *nw_get_sitelib(const char *pl);
90 /* XXX If this causes problems, set i_unistd=undef in the hint file. */
95 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
97 # include <sys/wait.h>
100 # include <sys/uio.h>
105 char control[CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(int))];
122 #if !defined(STANDARD_C) && !defined(HAS_GETENV_PROTOTYPE) && !defined(PERL_MICRO)
123 char *getenv (char *); /* Usually in <stdlib.h> */
126 static I32 read_e_script(pTHX_ int idx, SV *buf_sv, int maxlen);
134 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
141 S_init_tls_and_interp(PerlInterpreter *my_perl)
145 PERL_SET_INTERP(my_perl);
146 #if defined(USE_ITHREADS)
149 PERL_SET_THX(my_perl);
151 MUTEX_INIT(&PL_dollarzero_mutex);
153 #ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
154 MUTEX_INIT(&PL_my_ctx_mutex);
158 PERL_SET_THX(my_perl);
162 #ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
164 perl_alloc_using(struct IPerlMem* ipM, struct IPerlMem* ipMS,
165 struct IPerlMem* ipMP, struct IPerlEnv* ipE,
166 struct IPerlStdIO* ipStd, struct IPerlLIO* ipLIO,
167 struct IPerlDir* ipD, struct IPerlSock* ipS,
168 struct IPerlProc* ipP)
170 PerlInterpreter *my_perl;
171 /* Newx() needs interpreter, so call malloc() instead */
172 my_perl = (PerlInterpreter*)(*ipM->pMalloc)(ipM, sizeof(PerlInterpreter));
173 S_init_tls_and_interp(my_perl);
174 Zero(my_perl, 1, PerlInterpreter);
184 INIT_TRACK_MEMPOOL(PL_memory_debug_header, my_perl);
191 =head1 Embedding Functions
193 =for apidoc perl_alloc
195 Allocates a new Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
203 PerlInterpreter *my_perl;
205 /* Newx() needs interpreter, so call malloc() instead */
206 my_perl = (PerlInterpreter*)PerlMem_malloc(sizeof(PerlInterpreter));
208 S_init_tls_and_interp(my_perl);
209 #ifndef PERL_TRACK_MEMPOOL
210 return (PerlInterpreter *) ZeroD(my_perl, 1, PerlInterpreter);
212 Zero(my_perl, 1, PerlInterpreter);
213 INIT_TRACK_MEMPOOL(PL_memory_debug_header, my_perl);
217 #endif /* PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS */
220 =for apidoc perl_construct
222 Initializes a new Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
228 perl_construct(pTHXx)
234 PL_perl_destruct_level = 1;
236 if (PL_perl_destruct_level > 0)
239 /* Init the real globals (and main thread)? */
241 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling; /* needed by ckWARN, right away */
243 PL_linestr = newSV(79);
244 sv_upgrade(PL_linestr,SVt_PVIV);
246 if (!SvREADONLY(&PL_sv_undef)) {
247 /* set read-only and try to insure than we wont see REFCNT==0
250 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_undef);
251 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_undef) = (~(U32)0)/2;
253 sv_setpv(&PL_sv_no,PL_No);
254 /* value lookup in void context - happens to have the side effect
255 of caching the numeric forms. */
258 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_no);
259 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_no) = (~(U32)0)/2;
261 sv_setpv(&PL_sv_yes,PL_Yes);
264 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_yes);
265 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_yes) = (~(U32)0)/2;
267 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_placeholder);
268 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_placeholder) = (~(U32)0)/2;
271 PL_sighandlerp = (Sighandler_t) Perl_sighandler;
272 #ifdef PERL_USES_PL_PIDSTATUS
273 PL_pidstatus = newHV();
277 PL_rs = newSVpvs("\n");
282 PL_lex_state = LEX_NOTPARSING;
288 SET_NUMERIC_STANDARD();
290 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
291 PL_localpatches = local_patches; /* For possible -v */
294 #ifdef HAVE_INTERP_INTERN
298 PerlIO_init(aTHX); /* Hook to IO system */
300 PL_fdpid = newAV(); /* for remembering popen pids by fd */
301 PL_modglobal = newHV(); /* pointers to per-interpreter module globals */
302 PL_errors = newSVpvs("");
303 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(0), "", 0); /* For regex debugging. */
304 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(1), "", 0); /* ext/re needs these */
305 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(2), "", 0); /* even without DEBUGGING. */
307 PL_regex_padav = newAV();
308 av_push(PL_regex_padav,(SV*)newAV()); /* First entry is an array of empty elements */
309 PL_regex_pad = AvARRAY(PL_regex_padav);
311 #ifdef USE_REENTRANT_API
312 Perl_reentrant_init(aTHX);
315 /* Note that strtab is a rather special HV. Assumptions are made
316 about not iterating on it, and not adding tie magic to it.
317 It is properly deallocated in perl_destruct() */
320 HvSHAREKEYS_off(PL_strtab); /* mandatory */
321 hv_ksplit(PL_strtab, 512);
323 #if defined(__DYNAMIC__) && (defined(NeXT) || defined(__NeXT__))
324 _dyld_lookup_and_bind
325 ("__environ", (unsigned long *) &environ_pointer, NULL);
329 # ifdef USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY
330 PL_origenviron = environ;
334 /* Use sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK) if available, if not
335 * available or if the sysconf() fails, use the HZ.
336 * BeOS has those, but returns the wrong value.
337 * The HZ if not originally defined has been by now
338 * been defined as CLK_TCK, if available. */
339 #if defined(HAS_SYSCONF) && defined(_SC_CLK_TCK) && !defined(__BEOS__)
340 PL_clocktick = sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK);
341 if (PL_clocktick <= 0)
345 PL_stashcache = newHV();
347 PL_patchlevel = Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "%d.%d.%d", (int)PERL_REVISION,
348 (int)PERL_VERSION, (int)PERL_SUBVERSION);
351 if (!PL_mmap_page_size) {
352 #if defined(HAS_SYSCONF) && (defined(_SC_PAGESIZE) || defined(_SC_MMAP_PAGE_SIZE))
354 SETERRNO(0, SS_NORMAL);
356 PL_mmap_page_size = sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE);
358 PL_mmap_page_size = sysconf(_SC_MMAP_PAGE_SIZE);
360 if ((long) PL_mmap_page_size < 0) {
362 SV * const error = ERRSV;
363 SvUPGRADE(error, SVt_PV);
364 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: sysconf: %s", SvPV_nolen_const(error));
367 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: sysconf: pagesize unknown");
371 # ifdef HAS_GETPAGESIZE
372 PL_mmap_page_size = getpagesize();
374 # if defined(I_SYS_PARAM) && defined(PAGESIZE)
375 PL_mmap_page_size = PAGESIZE; /* compiletime, bad */
379 if (PL_mmap_page_size <= 0)
380 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: bad pagesize %" IVdf,
381 (IV) PL_mmap_page_size);
383 #endif /* HAS_MMAP */
385 #if defined(HAS_TIMES) && defined(PERL_NEED_TIMESBASE)
386 PL_timesbase.tms_utime = 0;
387 PL_timesbase.tms_stime = 0;
388 PL_timesbase.tms_cutime = 0;
389 PL_timesbase.tms_cstime = 0;
400 =for apidoc nothreadhook
402 Stub that provides thread hook for perl_destruct when there are
409 Perl_nothreadhook(pTHX)
415 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
417 Perl_dump_sv_child(pTHX_ SV *sv)
420 const int sock = PL_dumper_fd;
421 const int debug_fd = PerlIO_fileno(Perl_debug_log);
422 union control_un control;
425 struct cmsghdr *cmptr;
427 unsigned char buffer[256];
429 if(sock == -1 || debug_fd == -1)
432 PerlIO_flush(Perl_debug_log);
434 /* All these shenanigans are to pass a file descriptor over to our child for
435 it to dump out to. We can't let it hold open the file descriptor when it
436 forks, as the file descriptor it will dump to can turn out to be one end
437 of pipe that some other process will wait on for EOF. (So as it would
438 be open, the wait would be forever. */
440 msg.msg_control = control.control;
441 msg.msg_controllen = sizeof(control.control);
442 /* We're a connected socket so we don't need a destination */
448 cmptr = CMSG_FIRSTHDR(&msg);
449 cmptr->cmsg_len = CMSG_LEN(sizeof(int));
450 cmptr->cmsg_level = SOL_SOCKET;
451 cmptr->cmsg_type = SCM_RIGHTS;
452 *((int *)CMSG_DATA(cmptr)) = 1;
454 vec[0].iov_base = (void*)&sv;
455 vec[0].iov_len = sizeof(sv);
456 got = sendmsg(sock, &msg, 0);
459 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent sendmsg failed");
462 if(got < sizeof(sv)) {
463 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent short sendmsg");
467 /* Return protocol is
469 unsigned char: length of location string (0 for empty)
470 unsigned char*: string (not terminated)
472 vec[0].iov_base = (void*)&returned_errno;
473 vec[0].iov_len = sizeof(returned_errno);
474 vec[1].iov_base = buffer;
477 got = readv(sock, vec, 2);
480 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent read failed");
481 PerlIO_flush(PerlIO_stderr());
484 if(got < sizeof(returned_errno) + 1) {
485 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent short read");
486 PerlIO_flush(PerlIO_stderr());
491 got = read(sock, buffer + 1, *buffer);
493 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent read 2 failed");
494 PerlIO_flush(PerlIO_stderr());
499 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent short read 2");
500 PerlIO_flush(PerlIO_stderr());
505 if (returned_errno || *buffer) {
506 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "Debug leaking scalars child failed%s%.*s with errno"
507 " %d: %s", (*buffer ? " at " : ""), (int) *buffer, buffer + 1,
508 returned_errno, strerror(returned_errno));
514 =for apidoc perl_destruct
516 Shuts down a Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
525 volatile int destruct_level; /* 0=none, 1=full, 2=full with checks */
527 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
533 /* wait for all pseudo-forked children to finish */
534 PERL_WAIT_FOR_CHILDREN;
536 destruct_level = PL_perl_destruct_level;
539 const char * const s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL");
541 const int i = atoi(s);
542 if (destruct_level < i)
548 if (PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_DESTRUCT_END) {
554 if (PL_endav && !PL_minus_c)
555 call_list(PL_scopestack_ix, PL_endav);
561 /* Need to flush since END blocks can produce output */
564 if (CALL_FPTR(PL_threadhook)(aTHX)) {
565 /* Threads hook has vetoed further cleanup */
569 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
570 if (destruct_level != 0) {
571 /* Fork here to create a child. Our child's job is to preserve the
572 state of scalars prior to destruction, so that we can instruct it
573 to dump any scalars that we later find have leaked.
574 There's no subtlety in this code - it assumes POSIX, and it doesn't
578 if(socketpair(AF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, 0, fd)) {
579 perror("Debug leaking scalars socketpair failed");
585 perror("Debug leaking scalars fork failed");
589 /* We are the child */
590 const int sock = fd[1];
591 const int debug_fd = PerlIO_fileno(Perl_debug_log);
594 /* Our success message is an integer 0, and a char 0 */
595 static const char success[sizeof(int) + 1];
599 /* We need to close all other file descriptors otherwise we end up
600 with interesting hangs, where the parent closes its end of a
601 pipe, and sits waiting for (another) child to terminate. Only
602 that child never terminates, because it never gets EOF, because
603 we also have the far end of the pipe open. We even need to
604 close the debugging fd, because sometimes it happens to be one
605 end of a pipe, and a process is waiting on the other end for
606 EOF. Normally it would be closed at some point earlier in
607 destruction, but if we happen to cause the pipe to remain open,
608 EOF never occurs, and we get an infinite hang. Hence all the
609 games to pass in a file descriptor if it's actually needed. */
611 f = sysconf(_SC_OPEN_MAX);
613 where = "sysconf failed";
624 union control_un control;
627 struct cmsghdr *cmptr;
631 msg.msg_control = control.control;
632 msg.msg_controllen = sizeof(control.control);
633 /* We're a connected socket so we don't need a source */
637 msg.msg_iovlen = sizeof(vec)/sizeof(vec[0]);
639 vec[0].iov_base = (void*)⌖
640 vec[0].iov_len = sizeof(target);
642 got = recvmsg(sock, &msg, 0);
647 where = "recv failed";
650 if(got < sizeof(target)) {
651 where = "short recv";
655 if(!(cmptr = CMSG_FIRSTHDR(&msg))) {
659 if(cmptr->cmsg_len != CMSG_LEN(sizeof(int))) {
660 where = "wrong cmsg_len";
663 if(cmptr->cmsg_level != SOL_SOCKET) {
664 where = "wrong cmsg_level";
667 if(cmptr->cmsg_type != SCM_RIGHTS) {
668 where = "wrong cmsg_type";
672 got_fd = *(int*)CMSG_DATA(cmptr);
673 /* For our last little bit of trickery, put the file descriptor
674 back into Perl_debug_log, as if we never actually closed it
676 if(got_fd != debug_fd) {
677 if (dup2(got_fd, debug_fd) == -1) {
684 PerlIO_flush(Perl_debug_log);
686 got = write(sock, &success, sizeof(success));
689 where = "write failed";
692 if(got < sizeof(success)) {
693 where = "short write";
700 int send_errno = errno;
701 unsigned char length = (unsigned char) strlen(where);
702 struct iovec failure[3] = {
703 {(void*)&send_errno, sizeof(send_errno)},
705 {(void*)where, length}
707 int got = writev(sock, failure, 3);
708 /* Bad news travels fast. Faster than data. We'll get a SIGPIPE
709 in the parent if we try to read from the socketpair after the
710 child has exited, even if there was data to read.
711 So sleep a bit to give the parent a fighting chance of
714 _exit((got == -1) ? errno : 0);
718 PL_dumper_fd = fd[0];
723 /* We must account for everything. */
725 /* Destroy the main CV and syntax tree */
726 /* Do this now, because destroying ops can cause new SVs to be generated
727 in Perl_pad_swipe, and when running with -DDEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS they
728 PL_curcop to point to a valid op from which the filename structure
730 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
732 /* ensure comppad/curpad to refer to main's pad */
733 if (CvPADLIST(PL_main_cv)) {
734 PAD_SET_CUR_NOSAVE(CvPADLIST(PL_main_cv), 1);
736 op_free(PL_main_root);
739 PL_main_start = NULL;
740 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_main_cv);
744 /* Tell PerlIO we are about to tear things apart in case
745 we have layers which are using resources that should
749 PerlIO_destruct(aTHX);
751 if (PL_sv_objcount) {
753 * Try to destruct global references. We do this first so that the
754 * destructors and destructees still exist. Some sv's might remain.
755 * Non-referenced objects are on their own.
759 if (PL_defoutgv && !SvREFCNT(PL_defoutgv))
760 PL_defoutgv = NULL; /* may have been freed */
763 /* unhook hooks which will soon be, or use, destroyed data */
764 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_warnhook);
766 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_diehook);
769 /* call exit list functions */
770 while (PL_exitlistlen-- > 0)
771 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].fn(aTHX_ PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].ptr);
773 Safefree(PL_exitlist);
778 if (destruct_level == 0){
780 DEBUG_P(debprofdump());
782 #if defined(PERLIO_LAYERS)
783 /* No more IO - including error messages ! */
784 PerlIO_cleanup(aTHX);
787 /* The exit() function will do everything that needs doing. */
791 /* jettison our possibly duplicated environment */
792 /* if PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV is defined environ will not have been copied
793 * so we certainly shouldn't free it here
796 #if defined(USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY) && !defined(PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV)
797 if (environ != PL_origenviron && !PL_use_safe_putenv
799 /* only main thread can free environ[0] contents */
800 && PL_curinterp == aTHX
806 for (i = 0; environ[i]; i++)
807 safesysfree(environ[i]);
809 /* Must use safesysfree() when working with environ. */
810 safesysfree(environ);
812 environ = PL_origenviron;
815 #endif /* !PERL_MICRO */
817 /* reset so print() ends up where we expect */
821 /* the syntax tree is shared between clones
822 * so op_free(PL_main_root) only ReREFCNT_dec's
823 * REGEXPs in the parent interpreter
824 * we need to manually ReREFCNT_dec for the clones
827 I32 i = AvFILLp(PL_regex_padav) + 1;
828 SV * const * const ary = AvARRAY(PL_regex_padav);
831 SV * const resv = ary[--i];
833 if (SvFLAGS(resv) & SVf_BREAK) {
834 /* this is PL_reg_curpm, already freed
835 * flag is set in regexec.c:S_regtry
837 SvFLAGS(resv) &= ~SVf_BREAK;
839 else if(SvREPADTMP(resv)) {
840 SvREPADTMP_off(resv);
842 else if(SvIOKp(resv)) {
843 REGEXP *re = INT2PTR(REGEXP *,SvIVX(resv));
848 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_regex_padav);
849 PL_regex_padav = NULL;
853 SvREFCNT_dec((SV*) PL_stashcache);
854 PL_stashcache = NULL;
856 /* loosen bonds of global variables */
859 (void)PerlIO_close(PL_rsfp);
863 /* Filters for program text */
864 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rsfp_filters);
865 PL_rsfp_filters = NULL;
868 PL_preprocess = FALSE;
874 PL_doswitches = FALSE;
875 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_OFF;
876 PL_doextract = FALSE;
877 PL_sawampersand = FALSE; /* must save all match strings */
880 Safefree(PL_inplace);
882 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_patchlevel);
885 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
891 /* magical thingies */
893 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ofs_sv); /* $, */
896 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ors_sv); /* $\ */
899 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rs); /* $/ */
902 Safefree(PL_osname); /* $^O */
905 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_statname);
909 /* defgv, aka *_ should be taken care of elsewhere */
911 /* clean up after study() */
912 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_lastscream);
913 PL_lastscream = NULL;
914 Safefree(PL_screamfirst);
916 Safefree(PL_screamnext);
920 Safefree(PL_efloatbuf);
924 /* startup and shutdown function lists */
925 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_beginav);
926 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_beginav_save);
927 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_endav);
928 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_checkav);
929 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_checkav_save);
930 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_initav);
932 PL_beginav_save = NULL;
935 PL_checkav_save = NULL;
938 /* shortcuts just get cleared */
947 PL_last_in_gv = NULL;
955 PL_DBassertion = NULL;
960 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_argvout_stack);
961 PL_argvout_stack = NULL;
963 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_modglobal);
965 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_preambleav);
966 PL_preambleav = NULL;
967 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_subname);
969 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_linestr);
971 #ifdef PERL_USES_PL_PIDSTATUS
972 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_pidstatus);
975 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_toptarget);
977 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_bodytarget);
978 PL_bodytarget = NULL;
979 PL_formtarget = NULL;
981 /* free locale stuff */
982 #ifdef USE_LOCALE_COLLATE
983 Safefree(PL_collation_name);
984 PL_collation_name = NULL;
987 #ifdef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC
988 Safefree(PL_numeric_name);
989 PL_numeric_name = NULL;
990 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_numeric_radix_sv);
991 PL_numeric_radix_sv = NULL;
994 /* clear utf8 character classes */
995 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alnum);
996 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alnumc);
997 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_ascii);
998 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alpha);
999 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_space);
1000 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_cntrl);
1001 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_graph);
1002 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_digit);
1003 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_upper);
1004 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_lower);
1005 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_print);
1006 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_punct);
1007 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_xdigit);
1008 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_mark);
1009 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_toupper);
1010 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_totitle);
1011 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_tolower);
1012 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_tofold);
1013 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_idstart);
1014 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_idcont);
1015 PL_utf8_alnum = NULL;
1016 PL_utf8_alnumc = NULL;
1017 PL_utf8_ascii = NULL;
1018 PL_utf8_alpha = NULL;
1019 PL_utf8_space = NULL;
1020 PL_utf8_cntrl = NULL;
1021 PL_utf8_graph = NULL;
1022 PL_utf8_digit = NULL;
1023 PL_utf8_upper = NULL;
1024 PL_utf8_lower = NULL;
1025 PL_utf8_print = NULL;
1026 PL_utf8_punct = NULL;
1027 PL_utf8_xdigit = NULL;
1028 PL_utf8_mark = NULL;
1029 PL_utf8_toupper = NULL;
1030 PL_utf8_totitle = NULL;
1031 PL_utf8_tolower = NULL;
1032 PL_utf8_tofold = NULL;
1033 PL_utf8_idstart = NULL;
1034 PL_utf8_idcont = NULL;
1036 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
1037 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
1038 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = NULL;
1039 if (!specialCopIO(PL_compiling.cop_io))
1040 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_io);
1041 PL_compiling.cop_io = NULL;
1042 Perl_refcounted_he_free(aTHX_ PL_compiling.cop_hints);
1043 PL_compiling.cop_hints = NULL;
1044 CopFILE_free(&PL_compiling);
1045 CopSTASH_free(&PL_compiling);
1047 /* Prepare to destruct main symbol table. */
1052 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_curstname);
1053 PL_curstname = NULL;
1055 /* clear queued errors */
1056 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_errors);
1060 if (destruct_level >= 2 && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL)) {
1061 if (PL_scopestack_ix != 0)
1062 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
1063 "Unbalanced scopes: %ld more ENTERs than LEAVEs\n",
1064 (long)PL_scopestack_ix);
1065 if (PL_savestack_ix != 0)
1066 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
1067 "Unbalanced saves: %ld more saves than restores\n",
1068 (long)PL_savestack_ix);
1069 if (PL_tmps_floor != -1)
1070 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Unbalanced tmps: %ld more allocs than frees\n",
1071 (long)PL_tmps_floor + 1);
1072 if (cxstack_ix != -1)
1073 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Unbalanced context: %ld more PUSHes than POPs\n",
1074 (long)cxstack_ix + 1);
1077 /* Now absolutely destruct everything, somehow or other, loops or no. */
1078 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) |= SVTYPEMASK; /* don't clean out pid table now */
1079 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) |= SVTYPEMASK; /* don't clean out strtab now */
1081 /* the 2 is for PL_fdpid and PL_strtab */
1082 while (PL_sv_count > 2 && sv_clean_all())
1085 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) &= ~SVTYPEMASK;
1086 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) |= SVt_PVAV;
1087 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) &= ~SVTYPEMASK;
1088 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) |= SVt_PVHV;
1090 AvREAL_off(PL_fdpid); /* no surviving entries */
1091 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_fdpid); /* needed in io_close() */
1094 #ifdef HAVE_INTERP_INTERN
1098 /* Destruct the global string table. */
1100 /* Yell and reset the HeVAL() slots that are still holding refcounts,
1101 * so that sv_free() won't fail on them.
1102 * Now that the global string table is using a single hunk of memory
1103 * for both HE and HEK, we either need to explicitly unshare it the
1104 * correct way, or actually free things here.
1107 const I32 max = HvMAX(PL_strtab);
1108 HE * const * const array = HvARRAY(PL_strtab);
1109 HE *hent = array[0];
1112 if (hent && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL)) {
1113 HE * const next = HeNEXT(hent);
1114 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
1115 "Unbalanced string table refcount: (%ld) for \"%s\"",
1116 (long)hent->he_valu.hent_refcount, HeKEY(hent));
1123 hent = array[riter];
1128 HvARRAY(PL_strtab) = 0;
1129 HvTOTALKEYS(PL_strtab) = 0;
1130 HvFILL(PL_strtab) = 0;
1132 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_strtab);
1135 /* free the pointer tables used for cloning */
1136 ptr_table_free(PL_ptr_table);
1137 PL_ptr_table = (PTR_TBL_t*)NULL;
1140 /* free special SVs */
1142 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_yes) = 0;
1143 sv_clear(&PL_sv_yes);
1144 SvANY(&PL_sv_yes) = NULL;
1145 SvFLAGS(&PL_sv_yes) = 0;
1147 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_no) = 0;
1148 sv_clear(&PL_sv_no);
1149 SvANY(&PL_sv_no) = NULL;
1150 SvFLAGS(&PL_sv_no) = 0;
1154 for (i=0; i<=2; i++) {
1155 SvREFCNT(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = 0;
1156 sv_clear(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i));
1157 SvANY(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = NULL;
1158 SvFLAGS(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = 0;
1162 if (PL_sv_count != 0 && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
1163 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Scalars leaked: %ld\n", (long)PL_sv_count);
1165 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS
1166 if (PL_sv_count != 0) {
1171 for (sva = PL_sv_arenaroot; sva; sva = (SV*)SvANY(sva)) {
1172 svend = &sva[SvREFCNT(sva)];
1173 for (sv = sva + 1; sv < svend; ++sv) {
1174 if (SvTYPE(sv) != SVTYPEMASK) {
1175 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "leaked: sv=0x%p"
1177 " refcnt=%"UVuf pTHX__FORMAT "\n"
1178 "\tallocated at %s:%d %s %s%s\n",
1179 sv, sv->sv_flags, sv->sv_refcnt pTHX__VALUE,
1180 sv->sv_debug_file ? sv->sv_debug_file : "(unknown)",
1182 sv->sv_debug_inpad ? "for" : "by",
1183 sv->sv_debug_optype ?
1184 PL_op_name[sv->sv_debug_optype]: "(none)",
1185 sv->sv_debug_cloned ? " (cloned)" : ""
1187 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
1188 Perl_dump_sv_child(aTHX_ sv);
1194 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
1198 /* Wait for up to 4 seconds for child to terminate.
1199 This seems to be the least effort way of timing out on reaping
1201 struct timeval waitfor = {4, 0};
1202 int sock = PL_dumper_fd;
1206 FD_SET(sock, &rset);
1207 select(sock + 1, &rset, NULL, NULL, &waitfor);
1208 waitpid(child, &status, WNOHANG);
1216 #if defined(PERLIO_LAYERS)
1217 /* No more IO - including error messages ! */
1218 PerlIO_cleanup(aTHX);
1221 /* sv_undef needs to stay immortal until after PerlIO_cleanup
1222 as currently layers use it rather than NULL as a marker
1223 for no arg - and will try and SvREFCNT_dec it.
1225 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_undef) = 0;
1226 SvREADONLY_off(&PL_sv_undef);
1228 Safefree(PL_origfilename);
1229 PL_origfilename = NULL;
1230 Safefree(PL_reg_start_tmp);
1231 PL_reg_start_tmp = (char**)NULL;
1232 PL_reg_start_tmpl = 0;
1233 Safefree(PL_reg_curpm);
1234 Safefree(PL_reg_poscache);
1235 free_tied_hv_pool();
1236 Safefree(PL_op_mask);
1237 Safefree(PL_psig_ptr);
1238 PL_psig_ptr = (SV**)NULL;
1239 Safefree(PL_psig_name);
1240 PL_psig_name = (SV**)NULL;
1241 Safefree(PL_bitcount);
1243 Safefree(PL_psig_pend);
1244 PL_psig_pend = (int*)NULL;
1247 PL_tainting = FALSE;
1248 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
1249 PL_hints = 0; /* Reset hints. Should hints be per-interpreter ? */
1252 DEBUG_P(debprofdump());
1254 #ifdef USE_REENTRANT_API
1255 Perl_reentrant_free(aTHX);
1260 while (PL_regmatch_slab) {
1261 regmatch_slab *s = PL_regmatch_slab;
1262 PL_regmatch_slab = PL_regmatch_slab->next;
1266 /* As the absolutely last thing, free the non-arena SV for mess() */
1269 /* we know that type == SVt_PVMG */
1271 /* it could have accumulated taint magic */
1274 for (mg = SvMAGIC(PL_mess_sv); mg; mg = moremagic) {
1275 moremagic = mg->mg_moremagic;
1276 if (mg->mg_ptr && mg->mg_type != PERL_MAGIC_regex_global
1278 Safefree(mg->mg_ptr);
1282 /* we know that type >= SVt_PV */
1283 SvPV_free(PL_mess_sv);
1284 Safefree(SvANY(PL_mess_sv));
1285 Safefree(PL_mess_sv);
1292 =for apidoc perl_free
1294 Releases a Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
1302 #ifdef PERL_TRACK_MEMPOOL
1305 * Don't free thread memory if PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL is set to a non-zero
1306 * value as we're probably hunting memory leaks then
1308 const char * const s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL");
1309 if (!s || atoi(s) == 0) {
1310 /* Emulate the PerlHost behaviour of free()ing all memory allocated in this
1311 thread at thread exit. */
1312 while(aTHXx->Imemory_debug_header.next != &(aTHXx->Imemory_debug_header))
1313 safesysfree(sTHX + (char *)(aTHXx->Imemory_debug_header.next));
1318 #if defined(WIN32) || defined(NETWARE)
1319 # if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS)
1322 void *host = nw_internal_host;
1324 void *host = w32_internal_host;
1326 PerlMem_free(aTHXx);
1328 nw_delete_internal_host(host);
1330 win32_delete_internal_host(host);
1334 PerlMem_free(aTHXx);
1337 PerlMem_free(aTHXx);
1341 #if defined(USE_ITHREADS)
1342 /* provide destructors to clean up the thread key when libperl is unloaded */
1343 #ifndef WIN32 /* handled during DLL_PROCESS_DETACH in win32/perllib.c */
1345 #if defined(__hpux) && !(defined(__ux_version) && __ux_version <= 1020) && !defined(__GNUC__)
1346 #pragma fini "perl_fini"
1347 #elif defined(__sun) && !defined(__GNUC__)
1348 #pragma fini (perl_fini)
1352 #if defined(__GNUC__)
1353 __attribute__((destructor))
1363 #endif /* THREADS */
1366 Perl_call_atexit(pTHX_ ATEXIT_t fn, void *ptr)
1369 Renew(PL_exitlist, PL_exitlistlen+1, PerlExitListEntry);
1370 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].fn = fn;
1371 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].ptr = ptr;
1375 #ifdef HAS_PROCSELFEXE
1376 /* This is a function so that we don't hold on to MAXPATHLEN
1377 bytes of stack longer than necessary
1380 S_procself_val(pTHX_ SV *sv, const char *arg0)
1382 char buf[MAXPATHLEN];
1383 int len = readlink(PROCSELFEXE_PATH, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);
1385 /* On Playstation2 Linux V1.0 (kernel 2.2.1) readlink(/proc/self/exe)
1386 includes a spurious NUL which will cause $^X to fail in system
1387 or backticks (this will prevent extensions from being built and
1388 many tests from working). readlink is not meant to add a NUL.
1389 Normal readlink works fine.
1391 if (len > 0 && buf[len-1] == '\0') {
1395 /* FreeBSD's implementation is acknowledged to be imperfect, sometimes
1396 returning the text "unknown" from the readlink rather than the path
1397 to the executable (or returning an error from the readlink). Any valid
1398 path has a '/' in it somewhere, so use that to validate the result.
1399 See http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/query-pr.cgi?pr=35703
1401 if (len > 0 && memchr(buf, '/', len)) {
1402 sv_setpvn(sv,buf,len);
1408 #endif /* HAS_PROCSELFEXE */
1411 S_set_caret_X(pTHX) {
1413 GV* tmpgv = gv_fetchpvs("\030", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV); /* $^X */
1415 #ifdef HAS_PROCSELFEXE
1416 S_procself_val(aTHX_ GvSV(tmpgv), PL_origargv[0]);
1419 sv_setpv(GvSVn(tmpgv), os2_execname(aTHX));
1421 sv_setpv(GvSVn(tmpgv),PL_origargv[0]);
1428 =for apidoc perl_parse
1430 Tells a Perl interpreter to parse a Perl script. See L<perlembed>.
1436 perl_parse(pTHXx_ XSINIT_t xsinit, int argc, char **argv, char **env)
1443 PERL_UNUSED_VAR(my_perl);
1445 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
1448 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "suidperl is no longer needed since the kernel can now execute\n\
1449 setuid perl scripts securely.\n");
1450 #endif /* IAMSUID */
1453 #if defined(USE_HASH_SEED) || defined(USE_HASH_SEED_EXPLICIT)
1454 /* [perl #22371] Algorimic Complexity Attack on Perl 5.6.1, 5.8.0
1455 * This MUST be done before any hash stores or fetches take place.
1456 * If you set PL_rehash_seed (and assumedly also PL_rehash_seed_set)
1457 * yourself, it is your responsibility to provide a good random seed!
1458 * You can also define PERL_HASH_SEED in compile time, see hv.h. */
1459 if (!PL_rehash_seed_set)
1460 PL_rehash_seed = get_hash_seed();
1462 const char * const s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_HASH_SEED_DEBUG");
1464 if (s && (atoi(s) == 1))
1465 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "HASH_SEED = %"UVuf"\n", PL_rehash_seed);
1467 #endif /* #if defined(USE_HASH_SEED) || defined(USE_HASH_SEED_EXPLICIT) */
1472 if (PL_origalen != 0) {
1473 PL_origalen = 1; /* don't use old PL_origalen if perl_parse() is called again */
1476 /* Set PL_origalen be the sum of the contiguous argv[]
1477 * elements plus the size of the env in case that it is
1478 * contiguous with the argv[]. This is used in mg.c:Perl_magic_set()
1479 * as the maximum modifiable length of $0. In the worst case
1480 * the area we are able to modify is limited to the size of
1481 * the original argv[0]. (See below for 'contiguous', though.)
1483 const char *s = NULL;
1486 ~(UV)(PTRSIZE == 4 ? 3 : PTRSIZE == 8 ? 7 : PTRSIZE == 16 ? 15 : 0);
1487 /* Do the mask check only if the args seem like aligned. */
1489 (mask < ~(UV)0) && ((PTR2UV(argv[0]) & mask) == PTR2UV(argv[0]));
1491 /* See if all the arguments are contiguous in memory. Note
1492 * that 'contiguous' is a loose term because some platforms
1493 * align the argv[] and the envp[]. If the arguments look
1494 * like non-aligned, assume that they are 'strictly' or
1495 * 'traditionally' contiguous. If the arguments look like
1496 * aligned, we just check that they are within aligned
1497 * PTRSIZE bytes. As long as no system has something bizarre
1498 * like the argv[] interleaved with some other data, we are
1499 * fine. (Did I just evoke Murphy's Law?) --jhi */
1500 if (PL_origargv && PL_origargc >= 1 && (s = PL_origargv[0])) {
1502 for (i = 1; i < PL_origargc; i++) {
1503 if ((PL_origargv[i] == s + 1
1505 || PL_origargv[i] == s + 2
1510 (PL_origargv[i] > s &&
1512 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1522 /* Can we grab env area too to be used as the area for $0? */
1523 if (s && PL_origenviron) {
1524 if ((PL_origenviron[0] == s + 1
1526 || (PL_origenviron[0] == s + 9 && (s += 8))
1531 (PL_origenviron[0] > s &&
1532 PL_origenviron[0] <=
1533 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1537 s = PL_origenviron[0];
1540 my_setenv("NoNe SuCh", NULL);
1541 /* Force copy of environment. */
1542 for (i = 1; PL_origenviron[i]; i++) {
1543 if (PL_origenviron[i] == s + 1
1546 (PL_origenviron[i] > s &&
1547 PL_origenviron[i] <=
1548 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1551 s = PL_origenviron[i];
1559 PL_origalen = s ? s - PL_origargv[0] + 1 : 0;
1564 /* Come here if running an undumped a.out. */
1566 PL_origfilename = savepv(argv[0]);
1567 PL_do_undump = FALSE;
1568 cxstack_ix = -1; /* start label stack again */
1570 assert (!PL_tainted);
1572 S_set_caret_X(aTHX);
1574 init_postdump_symbols(argc,argv,env);
1579 op_free(PL_main_root);
1580 PL_main_root = NULL;
1582 PL_main_start = NULL;
1583 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_main_cv);
1587 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
1588 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_OFF;
1593 parse_body(env,xsinit);
1595 call_list(oldscope, PL_checkav);
1602 /* my_exit() was called */
1603 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
1606 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
1608 call_list(oldscope, PL_checkav);
1612 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: top_env\n");
1621 S_parse_body(pTHX_ char **env, XSINIT_t xsinit)
1624 int argc = PL_origargc;
1625 char **argv = PL_origargv;
1626 const char *scriptname = NULL;
1627 VOL bool dosearch = FALSE;
1628 const char *validarg = "";
1631 const char *cddir = NULL;
1632 #ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
1633 bool minus_f = FALSE;
1636 sv_setpvn(PL_linestr,"",0);
1637 sv = newSVpvs(""); /* first used for -I flags */
1641 for (argc--,argv++; argc > 0; argc--,argv++) {
1642 if (argv[0][0] != '-' || !argv[0][1])
1646 validarg = " PHOOEY ";
1650 * Can we rely on the kernel to start scripts with argv[1] set to
1651 * contain all #! line switches (the whole line)? (argv[0] is set to
1652 * the interpreter name, argv[2] to the script name; argv[3] and
1653 * above may contain other arguments.)
1660 #ifndef PERL_STRICT_CR
1685 if ((s = moreswitches(s)))
1690 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('t');
1691 if( !PL_tainting ) {
1692 PL_taint_warn = TRUE;
1698 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('T');
1700 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
1708 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1709 /* ignore -e for Dev:Pseudo argument */
1710 if (argv[1] && !strcmp(argv[1], "Dev:Pseudo"))
1713 forbid_setid('e', -1);
1715 PL_e_script = newSVpvs("");
1716 filter_add(read_e_script, NULL);
1719 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, s);
1721 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, argv[1]);
1725 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No code specified for -%c", *s);
1726 sv_catpvs(PL_e_script, "\n");
1730 #ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
1736 case 'I': /* -I handled both here and in moreswitches() */
1737 forbid_setid('I', -1);
1738 if (!*++s && (s=argv[1]) != NULL) {
1742 STRLEN len = strlen(s);
1743 const char * const p = savepvn(s, len);
1744 incpush(p, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE, FALSE);
1745 sv_catpvs(sv, "-I");
1746 sv_catpvn(sv, p, len);
1751 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No directory specified for -I");
1754 forbid_setid('P', -1);
1755 PL_preprocess = TRUE;
1759 forbid_setid('S', -1);
1768 PL_preambleav = newAV();
1769 av_push(PL_preambleav,
1770 newSVpvs("use Config;"));
1774 opts_prog = newSVpvs("print Config::myconfig(),");
1776 sv_catpvs(opts_prog,"\"\\nCharacteristics of this PERLSHR image: \\n\",");
1778 sv_catpvs(opts_prog,"\"\\nCharacteristics of this binary (from libperl): \\n\",");
1780 opts = SvCUR(opts_prog);
1782 Perl_sv_catpv(aTHX_ opts_prog,"\" Compile-time options:"
1786 # ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS
1787 " DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS"
1789 # ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
1790 " DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP"
1792 # ifdef FAKE_THREADS
1795 # ifdef MULTIPLICITY
1804 # ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
1805 " PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV"
1807 # ifdef PERL_GLOBAL_STRUCT
1808 " PERL_GLOBAL_STRUCT"
1810 # ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
1811 " PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT"
1813 # ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
1814 " PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS"
1819 # ifdef PERL_MALLOC_WRAP
1822 # ifdef PERL_NEED_APPCTX
1825 # ifdef PERL_NEED_TIMESBASE
1826 " PERL_NEED_TIMESBASE"
1828 # ifdef PERL_OLD_COPY_ON_WRITE
1829 " PERL_OLD_COPY_ON_WRITE"
1831 # ifdef PERL_TRACK_MEMPOOL
1832 " PERL_TRACK_MEMPOOL"
1834 # ifdef PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV
1835 " PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV"
1837 #ifdef PERL_USES_PL_PIDSTATUS
1838 " PERL_USES_PL_PIDSTATUS"
1840 # ifdef PL_OP_SLAB_ALLOC
1843 # ifdef THREADS_HAVE_PIDS
1844 " THREADS_HAVE_PIDS"
1846 # ifdef USE_64_BIT_ALL
1849 # ifdef USE_64_BIT_INT
1852 # ifdef USE_ITHREADS
1855 # ifdef USE_LARGE_FILES
1858 # ifdef USE_LONG_DOUBLE
1864 # ifdef USE_REENTRANT_API
1865 " USE_REENTRANT_API"
1870 # ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
1871 " USE_SITECUSTOMIZE"
1878 while (SvCUR(opts_prog) > opts+76) {
1879 /* find last space after "options: " and before col 76
1883 char * const pv = SvPV_nolen(opts_prog);
1884 const char c = pv[opts+76];
1886 space = strrchr(pv+opts+26, ' ');
1888 if (!space) break; /* "Can't happen" */
1890 /* break the line before that space */
1893 Perl_sv_insert(aTHX_ opts_prog, opts, 0,
1894 STR_WITH_LEN("\\n "));
1897 sv_catpvs(opts_prog,"\\n\",");
1899 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
1900 if (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT > 0) {
1902 sv_catpvs(opts_prog,
1903 "\" Locally applied patches:\\n\",");
1904 for (i = 1; i <= LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT; i++) {
1905 if (PL_localpatches[i])
1906 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ opts_prog,"q%c\t%s\n%c,",
1907 0, PL_localpatches[i], 0);
1911 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ opts_prog,
1912 "\" Built under %s\\n\"",OSNAME);
1915 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ opts_prog,
1916 ",\" Compiled at %s %s\\n\"",__DATE__,
1919 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ opts_prog,",\" Compiled on %s\\n\"",
1923 sv_catpvs(opts_prog, "; $\"=\"\\n \"; "
1924 "@env = map { \"$_=\\\"$ENV{$_}\\\"\" } "
1925 "sort grep {/^PERL/} keys %ENV; ");
1927 sv_catpvs(opts_prog,
1928 "push @env, \"CYGWIN=\\\"$ENV{CYGWIN}\\\"\";");
1930 sv_catpvs(opts_prog,
1931 "print \" \\%ENV:\\n @env\\n\" if @env;"
1932 "print \" \\@INC:\\n @INC\\n\";");
1936 opts_prog = Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_
1937 "Config::config_vars(qw%c%s%c)",
1941 av_push(PL_preambleav, opts_prog);
1942 /* don't look for script or read stdin */
1943 scriptname = BIT_BUCKET;
1947 PL_doextract = TRUE;
1955 if (!*++s || isSPACE(*s)) {
1959 /* catch use of gnu style long options */
1960 if (strEQ(s, "version")) {
1964 if (strEQ(s, "help")) {
1971 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Unrecognized switch: -%s (-h will show valid options)",s);
1977 #ifndef SECURE_INTERNAL_GETENV
1980 (s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL5OPT")))
1982 const char *popt = s;
1985 if (*s == '-' && *(s+1) == 'T') {
1986 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('T');
1988 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
1991 char *popt_copy = NULL;
2004 if (!strchr("CDIMUdmtwA", *s))
2005 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Illegal switch in PERL5OPT: -%c", *s);
2009 popt_copy = SvPVX(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(popt,0)));
2010 s = popt_copy + (s - popt);
2011 d = popt_copy + (d - popt);
2018 if( !PL_tainting ) {
2019 PL_taint_warn = TRUE;
2029 #ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
2032 PL_preambleav = newAV();
2033 av_unshift(PL_preambleav, 1);
2034 (void)av_store(PL_preambleav, 0, Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "BEGIN { do '%s/sitecustomize.pl' }", SITELIB_EXP));
2038 if (PL_taint_warn && PL_dowarn != G_WARN_ALL_OFF) {
2039 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = newSVpvn(WARN_TAINTstring, WARNsize);
2043 scriptname = argv[0];
2046 scriptname = BIT_BUCKET; /* don't look for script or read stdin */
2048 else if (scriptname == NULL) {
2050 if ( PerlLIO_isatty(PerlIO_fileno(PerlIO_stdin())) )
2056 /* Set $^X early so that it can be used for relocatable paths in @INC */
2057 assert (!PL_tainted);
2059 S_set_caret_X(aTHX);
2066 = open_script(scriptname, dosearch, sv, &suidscript);
2068 validate_suid(validarg, scriptname, fdscript, suidscript);
2071 # if defined(SIGCHLD) || defined(SIGCLD)
2074 # define SIGCHLD SIGCLD
2076 Sighandler_t sigstate = rsignal_state(SIGCHLD);
2077 if (sigstate == (Sighandler_t) SIG_IGN) {
2078 if (ckWARN(WARN_SIGNAL))
2079 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_SIGNAL),
2080 "Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default");
2081 (void)rsignal(SIGCHLD, (Sighandler_t)SIG_DFL);
2088 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2089 || gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract
2093 /* This will croak if suidscript is >= 0, as -x cannot be used with
2095 forbid_setid('x', suidscript);
2096 /* Hence you can't get here if suidscript >= 0 */
2099 if (cddir && PerlDir_chdir( (char *)cddir ) < 0)
2100 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't chdir to %s",cddir);
2104 PL_main_cv = PL_compcv = (CV*)newSV(0);
2105 sv_upgrade((SV *)PL_compcv, SVt_PVCV);
2106 CvUNIQUE_on(PL_compcv);
2108 CvPADLIST(PL_compcv) = pad_new(0);
2111 boot_core_UNIVERSAL();
2112 boot_core_xsutils();
2115 (*xsinit)(aTHX); /* in case linked C routines want magical variables */
2117 #if defined(VMS) || defined(WIN32) || defined(DJGPP) || defined(__CYGWIN__) || defined(EPOC) || defined(SYMBIAN)
2123 # ifdef HAS_SOCKS5_INIT
2124 socks5_init(argv[0]);
2130 init_predump_symbols();
2131 /* init_postdump_symbols not currently designed to be called */
2132 /* more than once (ENV isn't cleared first, for example) */
2133 /* But running with -u leaves %ENV & @ARGV undefined! XXX */
2135 init_postdump_symbols(argc,argv,env);
2137 /* PL_unicode is turned on by -C, or by $ENV{PERL_UNICODE},
2138 * or explicitly in some platforms.
2139 * locale.c:Perl_init_i18nl10n() if the environment
2140 * look like the user wants to use UTF-8. */
2141 #if defined(__SYMBIAN32__)
2142 PL_unicode = PERL_UNICODE_STD_FLAG; /* See PERL_SYMBIAN_CONSOLE_UTF8. */
2145 /* Requires init_predump_symbols(). */
2146 if (!(PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_LOCALE_FLAG) || PL_utf8locale) {
2151 /* Turn on UTF-8-ness on STDIN, STDOUT, STDERR
2152 * and the default open disciplines. */
2153 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDIN_FLAG) &&
2154 PL_stdingv && (io = GvIO(PL_stdingv)) &&
2156 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
2157 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDOUT_FLAG) &&
2158 PL_defoutgv && (io = GvIO(PL_defoutgv)) &&
2160 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
2161 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDERR_FLAG) &&
2162 PL_stderrgv && (io = GvIO(PL_stderrgv)) &&
2164 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
2165 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_INOUT_FLAG) &&
2166 (sv = GvSV(gv_fetchpvs("\017PEN", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL,
2168 U32 in = PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_IN_FLAG;
2169 U32 out = PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_OUT_FLAG;
2172 sv_setpvn(sv, ":utf8\0:utf8", 11);
2174 sv_setpvn(sv, ":utf8\0", 6);
2177 sv_setpvn(sv, "\0:utf8", 6);
2183 if ((s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_SIGNALS"))) {
2184 if (strEQ(s, "unsafe"))
2185 PL_signals |= PERL_SIGNALS_UNSAFE_FLAG;
2186 else if (strEQ(s, "safe"))
2187 PL_signals &= ~PERL_SIGNALS_UNSAFE_FLAG;
2189 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "PERL_SIGNALS illegal: \"%s\"", s);
2193 if ((s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_XMLDUMP"))) {
2197 PL_xmlfp = PerlIO_stdout();
2199 PL_xmlfp = PerlIO_open(s, "w");
2201 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't open %s", s);
2203 my_setenv("PERL_XMLDUMP", Nullch); /* hide from subprocs */
2205 if ((s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_MADSKILLS"))) {
2206 PL_madskills = atoi(s);
2207 my_setenv("PERL_MADSKILLS", Nullch); /* hide from subprocs */
2213 /* now parse the script */
2215 SETERRNO(0,SS_NORMAL);
2217 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2218 if (gMacPerl_SyntaxError = (yyparse() || PL_error_count)) {
2220 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s had compilation errors.\n", MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
2222 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Execution of %s aborted due to compilation errors.\n",
2223 MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
2227 if (yyparse() || PL_error_count) {
2229 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s had compilation errors.\n", PL_origfilename);
2231 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Execution of %s aborted due to compilation errors.\n",
2236 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, 0);
2237 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2238 PL_preprocess = FALSE;
2240 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
2248 SAVECOPFILE(PL_curcop);
2249 SAVECOPLINE(PL_curcop);
2250 gv_check(PL_defstash);
2257 if ((s=PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS")) && atoi(s) >= 2)
2258 dump_mstats("after compilation:");
2267 =for apidoc perl_run
2269 Tells a Perl interpreter to run. See L<perlembed>.
2282 PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
2284 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
2292 cxstack_ix = -1; /* start context stack again */
2294 case 0: /* normal completion */
2298 case 2: /* my_exit() */
2299 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
2302 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2303 if (!(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_DESTRUCT_END) &&
2304 PL_endav && !PL_minus_c)
2305 call_list(oldscope, PL_endav);
2307 if (PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS"))
2308 dump_mstats("after execution: ");
2314 POPSTACK_TO(PL_mainstack);
2317 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: restartop\n");
2329 S_run_body(pTHX_ I32 oldscope)
2332 DEBUG_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "%s $` $& $' support.\n",
2333 PL_sawampersand ? "Enabling" : "Omitting"));
2335 if (!PL_restartop) {
2339 exit(0); /* less likely to core dump than my_exit(0) */
2342 DEBUG_x(dump_all());
2345 PERL_DEBUG(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "\nEXECUTING...\n\n"));
2347 DEBUG_S(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "main thread is 0x%"UVxf"\n",
2351 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2352 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "%s%s syntax OK\n",
2353 (gMacPerl_ErrorFormat ? "# " : ""),
2354 MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
2356 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "%s syntax OK\n", PL_origfilename);
2360 if (PERLDB_SINGLE && PL_DBsingle)
2361 sv_setiv(PL_DBsingle, 1);
2363 call_list(oldscope, PL_initav);
2369 PL_op = PL_restartop;
2373 else if (PL_main_start) {
2374 CvDEPTH(PL_main_cv) = 1;
2375 PL_op = PL_main_start;
2383 =head1 SV Manipulation Functions
2385 =for apidoc p||get_sv
2387 Returns the SV of the specified Perl scalar. If C<create> is set and the
2388 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
2389 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
2395 Perl_get_sv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
2398 gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PV);
2405 =head1 Array Manipulation Functions
2407 =for apidoc p||get_av
2409 Returns the AV of the specified Perl array. If C<create> is set and the
2410 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
2411 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
2417 Perl_get_av(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
2419 GV* const gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVAV);
2428 =head1 Hash Manipulation Functions
2430 =for apidoc p||get_hv
2432 Returns the HV of the specified Perl hash. If C<create> is set and the
2433 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
2434 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
2440 Perl_get_hv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
2442 GV* const gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVHV);
2451 =head1 CV Manipulation Functions
2453 =for apidoc p||get_cv
2455 Returns the CV of the specified Perl subroutine. If C<create> is set and
2456 the Perl subroutine does not exist then it will be declared (which has the
2457 same effect as saying C<sub name;>). If C<create> is not set and the
2458 subroutine does not exist then NULL is returned.
2464 Perl_get_cv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
2466 GV* const gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVCV);
2467 /* XXX unsafe for threads if eval_owner isn't held */
2468 /* XXX this is probably not what they think they're getting.
2469 * It has the same effect as "sub name;", i.e. just a forward
2471 if (create && !GvCVu(gv))
2472 return newSUB(start_subparse(FALSE, 0),
2473 newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSVpv(name,0)),
2480 /* Be sure to refetch the stack pointer after calling these routines. */
2484 =head1 Callback Functions
2486 =for apidoc p||call_argv
2488 Performs a callback to the specified Perl sub. See L<perlcall>.
2494 Perl_call_argv(pTHX_ const char *sub_name, I32 flags, register char **argv)
2496 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2497 /* null terminated arg list */
2505 XPUSHs(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(*argv,0)));
2510 return call_pv(sub_name, flags);
2514 =for apidoc p||call_pv
2516 Performs a callback to the specified Perl sub. See L<perlcall>.
2522 Perl_call_pv(pTHX_ const char *sub_name, I32 flags)
2523 /* name of the subroutine */
2524 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2526 return call_sv((SV*)get_cv(sub_name, TRUE), flags);
2530 =for apidoc p||call_method
2532 Performs a callback to the specified Perl method. The blessed object must
2533 be on the stack. See L<perlcall>.
2539 Perl_call_method(pTHX_ const char *methname, I32 flags)
2540 /* name of the subroutine */
2541 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2543 return call_sv(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(methname,0)), flags | G_METHOD);
2546 /* May be called with any of a CV, a GV, or an SV containing the name. */
2548 =for apidoc p||call_sv
2550 Performs a callback to the Perl sub whose name is in the SV. See
2557 Perl_call_sv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
2558 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2561 LOGOP myop; /* fake syntax tree node */
2564 volatile I32 retval = 0;
2566 bool oldcatch = CATCH_GET;
2568 OP* const oldop = PL_op;
2571 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2576 Zero(&myop, 1, LOGOP);
2577 myop.op_next = NULL;
2578 if (!(flags & G_NOARGS))
2579 myop.op_flags |= OPf_STACKED;
2580 myop.op_flags |= ((flags & G_VOID) ? OPf_WANT_VOID :
2581 (flags & G_ARRAY) ? OPf_WANT_LIST :
2586 EXTEND(PL_stack_sp, 1);
2587 *++PL_stack_sp = sv;
2589 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
2591 if (PERLDB_SUB && PL_curstash != PL_debstash
2592 /* Handle first BEGIN of -d. */
2593 && (PL_DBcv || (PL_DBcv = GvCV(PL_DBsub)))
2594 /* Try harder, since this may have been a sighandler, thus
2595 * curstash may be meaningless. */
2596 && (SvTYPE(sv) != SVt_PVCV || CvSTASH((CV*)sv) != PL_debstash)
2597 && !(flags & G_NODEBUG))
2598 PL_op->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_DB;
2600 if (flags & G_METHOD) {
2601 Zero(&method_op, 1, UNOP);
2602 method_op.op_next = PL_op;
2603 method_op.op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_METHOD];
2604 myop.op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_ENTERSUB];
2605 PL_op = (OP*)&method_op;
2608 if (!(flags & G_EVAL)) {
2610 call_body((OP*)&myop, FALSE);
2611 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2612 CATCH_SET(oldcatch);
2615 myop.op_other = (OP*)&myop;
2617 create_eval_scope(flags|G_FAKINGEVAL);
2625 call_body((OP*)&myop, FALSE);
2626 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2627 if (!(flags & G_KEEPERR))
2628 sv_setpvn(ERRSV,"",0);
2634 /* my_exit() was called */
2635 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2638 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED))
2639 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Callback called exit");
2644 PL_op = PL_restartop;
2648 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2649 if (flags & G_ARRAY)
2653 *++PL_stack_sp = &PL_sv_undef;
2658 if (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
2659 delete_eval_scope();
2663 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2664 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2674 S_call_body(pTHX_ const OP *myop, bool is_eval)
2677 if (PL_op == myop) {
2679 PL_op = Perl_pp_entereval(aTHX); /* this doesn't do a POPMARK */
2681 PL_op = Perl_pp_entersub(aTHX); /* this does */
2687 /* Eval a string. The G_EVAL flag is always assumed. */
2690 =for apidoc p||eval_sv
2692 Tells Perl to C<eval> the string in the SV.
2698 Perl_eval_sv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
2700 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2704 UNOP myop; /* fake syntax tree node */
2705 volatile I32 oldmark = SP - PL_stack_base;
2706 volatile I32 retval = 0;
2708 OP* const oldop = PL_op;
2711 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2718 Zero(PL_op, 1, UNOP);
2719 EXTEND(PL_stack_sp, 1);
2720 *++PL_stack_sp = sv;
2722 if (!(flags & G_NOARGS))
2723 myop.op_flags = OPf_STACKED;
2724 myop.op_next = NULL;
2725 myop.op_type = OP_ENTEREVAL;
2726 myop.op_flags |= ((flags & G_VOID) ? OPf_WANT_VOID :
2727 (flags & G_ARRAY) ? OPf_WANT_LIST :
2729 if (flags & G_KEEPERR)
2730 myop.op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL;
2732 /* fail now; otherwise we could fail after the JMPENV_PUSH but
2733 * before a PUSHEVAL, which corrupts the stack after a croak */
2734 TAINT_PROPER("eval_sv()");
2740 call_body((OP*)&myop,TRUE);
2741 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2742 if (!(flags & G_KEEPERR))
2743 sv_setpvn(ERRSV,"",0);
2749 /* my_exit() was called */
2750 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2753 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED))
2754 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Callback called exit");
2759 PL_op = PL_restartop;
2763 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2764 if (flags & G_ARRAY)
2768 *++PL_stack_sp = &PL_sv_undef;
2774 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2775 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2785 =for apidoc p||eval_pv
2787 Tells Perl to C<eval> the given string and return an SV* result.
2793 Perl_eval_pv(pTHX_ const char *p, I32 croak_on_error)
2797 SV* sv = newSVpv(p, 0);
2799 eval_sv(sv, G_SCALAR);
2806 if (croak_on_error && SvTRUE(ERRSV)) {
2807 Perl_croak(aTHX_ SvPVx_nolen_const(ERRSV));
2813 /* Require a module. */
2816 =head1 Embedding Functions
2818 =for apidoc p||require_pv
2820 Tells Perl to C<require> the file named by the string argument. It is
2821 analogous to the Perl code C<eval "require '$file'">. It's even
2822 implemented that way; consider using load_module instead.
2827 Perl_require_pv(pTHX_ const char *pv)
2832 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_REQUIRE);
2834 sv = Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "require q%c%s%c", 0, pv, 0);
2835 eval_sv(sv_2mortal(sv), G_DISCARD);
2841 Perl_magicname(pTHX_ const char *sym, const char *name, I32 namlen)
2843 register GV * const gv = gv_fetchpv(sym, GV_ADD, SVt_PV);
2846 sv_magic(GvSV(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, namlen);
2850 S_usage(pTHX_ const char *name) /* XXX move this out into a module ? */
2852 /* This message really ought to be max 23 lines.
2853 * Removed -h because the user already knows that option. Others? */
2855 static const char * const usage_msg[] = {
2856 "-0[octal] specify record separator (\\0, if no argument)",
2857 "-A[mod][=pattern] activate all/given assertions",
2858 "-a autosplit mode with -n or -p (splits $_ into @F)",
2859 "-C[number/list] enables the listed Unicode features",
2860 "-c check syntax only (runs BEGIN and CHECK blocks)",
2861 "-d[:debugger] run program under debugger",
2862 "-D[number/list] set debugging flags (argument is a bit mask or alphabets)",
2863 "-e program one line of program (several -e's allowed, omit programfile)",
2864 "-E program like -e, but enables all optional features",
2865 "-f don't do $sitelib/sitecustomize.pl at startup",
2866 "-F/pattern/ split() pattern for -a switch (//'s are optional)",
2867 "-i[extension] edit <> files in place (makes backup if extension supplied)",
2868 "-Idirectory specify @INC/#include directory (several -I's allowed)",
2869 "-l[octal] enable line ending processing, specifies line terminator",
2870 "-[mM][-]module execute \"use/no module...\" before executing program",
2871 "-n assume \"while (<>) { ... }\" loop around program",
2872 "-p assume loop like -n but print line also, like sed",
2873 "-P run program through C preprocessor before compilation",
2874 "-s enable rudimentary parsing for switches after programfile",
2875 "-S look for programfile using PATH environment variable",
2876 "-t enable tainting warnings",
2877 "-T enable tainting checks",
2878 "-u dump core after parsing program",
2879 "-U allow unsafe operations",
2880 "-v print version, subversion (includes VERY IMPORTANT perl info)",
2881 "-V[:variable] print configuration summary (or a single Config.pm variable)",
2882 "-w enable many useful warnings (RECOMMENDED)",
2883 "-W enable all warnings",
2884 "-x[directory] strip off text before #!perl line and perhaps cd to directory",
2885 "-X disable all warnings",
2889 const char * const *p = usage_msg;
2891 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2892 "\nUsage: %s [switches] [--] [programfile] [arguments]",
2895 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(), "\n %s", *p++);
2898 /* convert a string of -D options (or digits) into an int.
2899 * sets *s to point to the char after the options */
2903 Perl_get_debug_opts(pTHX_ const char **s, bool givehelp)
2905 static const char * const usage_msgd[] = {
2906 " Debugging flag values: (see also -d)",
2907 " p Tokenizing and parsing (with v, displays parse stack)",
2908 " s Stack snapshots (with v, displays all stacks)",
2909 " l Context (loop) stack processing",
2910 " t Trace execution",
2911 " o Method and overloading resolution",
2912 " c String/numeric conversions",
2913 " P Print profiling info, preprocessor command for -P, source file input state",
2914 " m Memory allocation",
2915 " f Format processing",
2916 " r Regular expression parsing and execution",
2917 " x Syntax tree dump",
2918 " u Tainting checks",
2919 " H Hash dump -- usurps values()",
2920 " X Scratchpad allocation",
2922 " S Thread synchronization",
2924 " R Include reference counts of dumped variables (eg when using -Ds)",
2925 " J Do not s,t,P-debug (Jump over) opcodes within package DB",
2926 " v Verbose: use in conjunction with other flags",
2928 " A Consistency checks on internal structures",
2929 " q quiet - currently only suppresses the 'EXECUTING' message",
2934 /* if adding extra options, remember to update DEBUG_MASK */
2935 static const char debopts[] = "psltocPmfrxu HXDSTRJvCAq";
2937 for (; isALNUM(**s); (*s)++) {
2938 const char * const d = strchr(debopts,**s);
2940 i |= 1 << (d - debopts);
2941 else if (ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
2942 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
2943 "invalid option -D%c, use -D'' to see choices\n", **s);
2946 else if (isDIGIT(**s)) {
2948 for (; isALNUM(**s); (*s)++) ;
2950 else if (givehelp) {
2951 const char *const *p = usage_msgd;
2952 while (*p) PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(), "%s\n", *p++);
2955 if ((i & DEBUG_p_FLAG) && ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
2956 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
2957 "-Dp not implemented on this platform\n");
2963 /* This routine handles any switches that can be given during run */
2966 Perl_moreswitches(pTHX_ char *s)
2977 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rs);
2978 if (s[1] == 'x' && s[2]) {
2979 const char *e = s+=2;
2985 flags = PERL_SCAN_SILENT_ILLDIGIT;
2986 rschar = (U32)grok_hex(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
2987 if (s + numlen < e) {
2988 rschar = 0; /* Grandfather -0xFOO as -0 -xFOO. */
2992 PL_rs = newSVpvs("");
2993 SvGROW(PL_rs, (STRLEN)(UNISKIP(rschar) + 1));
2994 tmps = (U8*)SvPVX(PL_rs);
2995 uvchr_to_utf8(tmps, rschar);
2996 SvCUR_set(PL_rs, UNISKIP(rschar));
3001 rschar = (U32)grok_oct(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
3002 if (rschar & ~((U8)~0))
3003 PL_rs = &PL_sv_undef;
3004 else if (!rschar && numlen >= 2)
3005 PL_rs = newSVpvs("");
3007 char ch = (char)rschar;
3008 PL_rs = newSVpvn(&ch, 1);
3011 sv_setsv(get_sv("/", TRUE), PL_rs);
3016 PL_unicode = parse_unicode_opts( (const char **)&s );
3021 while (*s && !isSPACE(*s)) ++s;
3022 PL_splitstr = savepvn(PL_splitstr, s - PL_splitstr);
3033 forbid_setid('d', -1);
3036 /* -dt indicates to the debugger that threads will be used */
3037 if (*s == 't' && !isALNUM(s[1])) {
3039 my_setenv("PERL5DB_THREADED", "1");
3042 /* The following permits -d:Mod to accepts arguments following an =
3043 in the fashion that -MSome::Mod does. */
3044 if (*s == ':' || *s == '=') {
3046 SV * const sv = newSVpvs("use Devel::");
3048 /* We now allow -d:Module=Foo,Bar */
3049 while(isALNUM(*s) || *s==':') ++s;
3051 sv_catpv(sv, start);
3053 sv_catpvn(sv, start, s-start);
3054 /* Don't use NUL as q// delimiter here, this string goes in the
3056 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ sv, " split(/,/,q{%s});", ++s);
3059 my_setenv("PERL5DB", SvPV_nolen_const(sv));
3062 PL_perldb = PERLDB_ALL;
3069 forbid_setid('D', -1);
3071 PL_debug = get_debug_opts( (const char **)&s, 1) | DEBUG_TOP_FLAG;
3072 #else /* !DEBUGGING */
3073 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
3074 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
3075 "Recompile perl with -DDEBUGGING to use -D switch (did you mean -d ?)\n");
3076 for (s++; isALNUM(*s); s++) ;
3081 usage(PL_origargv[0]);
3084 Safefree(PL_inplace);
3085 #if defined(__CYGWIN__) /* do backup extension automagically */
3086 if (*(s+1) == '\0') {
3087 PL_inplace = savepvs(".bak");
3090 #endif /* __CYGWIN__ */
3092 const char * const start = ++s;
3093 while (*s && !isSPACE(*s))
3096 PL_inplace = savepvn(start, s - start);
3100 if (*s == '-') /* Additional switches on #! line. */
3104 case 'I': /* -I handled both here and in parse_body() */
3105 forbid_setid('I', -1);
3107 while (*s && isSPACE(*s))
3112 /* ignore trailing spaces (possibly followed by other switches) */
3114 for (e = p; *e && !isSPACE(*e); e++) ;
3118 } while (*p && *p != '-');
3119 e = savepvn(s, e-s);
3120 incpush(e, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE, FALSE);
3127 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No directory specified for -I");
3133 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ors_sv);
3139 PL_ors_sv = newSVpvs("\n");
3140 numlen = 3 + (*s == '0');
3141 *SvPVX(PL_ors_sv) = (char)grok_oct(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
3145 if (RsPARA(PL_rs)) {
3146 PL_ors_sv = newSVpvs("\n\n");
3149 PL_ors_sv = newSVsv(PL_rs);
3154 forbid_setid('A', -1);
3156 PL_preambleav = newAV();
3159 char * const start = s;
3160 SV * const sv = newSVpvs("use assertions::activate");
3161 while(isALNUM(*s) || *s == ':') ++s;
3163 sv_catpvs(sv, "::");
3164 sv_catpvn(sv, start, s-start);
3167 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ sv, " split(/,/,q%c%s%c)", 0, ++s, 0);
3170 else if (*s != '\0') {
3171 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use '%c' after -A%.*s", *s, (int)(s-start), start);
3173 av_push(PL_preambleav, sv);
3177 forbid_setid('M', -1); /* XXX ? */
3180 forbid_setid('m', -1); /* XXX ? */
3184 const char *use = "use ";
3185 /* -M-foo == 'no foo' */
3186 /* Leading space on " no " is deliberate, to make both
3187 possibilities the same length. */
3188 if (*s == '-') { use = " no "; ++s; }
3189 sv = newSVpvn(use,4);
3191 /* We allow -M'Module qw(Foo Bar)' */
3192 while(isALNUM(*s) || *s==':') ++s;
3194 sv_catpv(sv, start);
3195 if (*(start-1) == 'm') {
3197 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use '%c' after -mname", *s);
3198 sv_catpvs( sv, " ()");
3202 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Module name required with -%c option",
3204 sv_catpvn(sv, start, s-start);
3205 sv_catpvs(sv, " split(/,/,q");
3206 sv_catpvs(sv, "\0"); /* Use NUL as q//-delimiter. */
3208 sv_catpvs(sv, "\0)");
3212 PL_preambleav = newAV();
3213 av_push(PL_preambleav, sv);
3216 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Missing argument to -%c", *(s-1));
3227 forbid_setid('s', -1);
3228 PL_doswitches = TRUE;
3242 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3243 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Believe me, you don't want to use \"-u\" on a Macintosh");
3245 PL_do_undump = TRUE;
3253 if (!sv_derived_from(PL_patchlevel, "version"))
3254 upg_version(PL_patchlevel);
3256 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3257 Perl_form(aTHX_ "\nThis is perl, %"SVf
3258 #ifdef PERL_PATCHNUM
3259 " DEVEL" STRINGIFY(PERL_PATCHNUM)
3262 vstringify(PL_patchlevel),
3265 /* Adjust verbose output as in the perl that ships with the DG/UX OS from EMC */
3266 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3267 Perl_form(aTHX_ "\nThis is perl, %"SVf"\n",
3268 vstringify(PL_patchlevel)));
3269 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3270 Perl_form(aTHX_ " built under %s at %s %s\n",
3271 OSNAME, __DATE__, __TIME__));
3272 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3273 Perl_form(aTHX_ " OS Specific Release: %s\n",
3277 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
3278 if (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT > 0)
3279 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3280 "\n(with %d registered patch%s, "
3281 "see perl -V for more detail)",
3282 (int)LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT,
3283 (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT!=1) ? "es" : "");
3286 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3287 "\n\nCopyright 1987-2006, Larry Wall\n");
3288 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3289 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3290 "\nMac OS port Copyright 1991-2002, Matthias Neeracher;\n"
3291 "maintained by Chris Nandor\n");
3294 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3295 "\nMS-DOS port Copyright (c) 1989, 1990, Diomidis Spinellis\n");
3298 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3299 "djgpp v2 port (jpl5003c) by Hirofumi Watanabe, 1996\n"
3300 "djgpp v2 port (perl5004+) by Laszlo Molnar, 1997-1999\n");
3303 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3304 "\n\nOS/2 port Copyright (c) 1990, 1991, Raymond Chen, Kai Uwe Rommel\n"
3305 "Version 5 port Copyright (c) 1994-2002, Andreas Kaiser, Ilya Zakharevich\n");
3308 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3309 "atariST series port, ++jrb bammi@cadence.com\n");
3312 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3313 "BeOS port Copyright Tom Spindler, 1997-1999\n");
3316 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3317 "MPE/iX port Copyright by Mark Klein and Mark Bixby, 1996-2003\n");
3320 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3321 "MVS (OS390) port by Mortice Kern Systems, 1997-1999\n");
3324 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3325 "Stratus VOS port by Paul.Green@stratus.com, 1997-2002\n");
3328 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3329 "VM/ESA port by Neale Ferguson, 1998-1999\n");
3332 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3333 "BS2000 (POSIX) port by Start Amadeus GmbH, 1998-1999\n");
3336 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3337 "MiNT port by Guido Flohr, 1997-1999\n");
3340 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3341 "EPOC port by Olaf Flebbe, 1999-2002\n");
3344 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),"WINCE port by Rainer Keuchel, 2001-2002\n");
3345 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),"Built on " __DATE__ " " __TIME__ "\n\n");
3348 #ifdef __SYMBIAN32__
3349 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3350 "Symbian port by Nokia, 2004-2005\n");
3352 #ifdef BINARY_BUILD_NOTICE
3353 BINARY_BUILD_NOTICE;
3355 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3357 Perl may be copied only under the terms of either the Artistic License or the\n\
3358 GNU General Public License, which may be found in the Perl 5 source kit.\n\n\
3359 Complete documentation for Perl, including FAQ lists, should be found on\n\
3360 this system using \"man perl\" or \"perldoc perl\". If you have access to the\n\
3361 Internet, point your browser at http://www.perl.org/, the Perl Home Page.\n\n");
3364 if (! (PL_dowarn & G_WARN_ALL_MASK))
3365 PL_dowarn |= G_WARN_ON;
3369 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_ALL_ON|G_WARN_ON;
3370 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
3371 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
3372 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = pWARN_ALL ;
3376 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_ALL_OFF;
3377 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
3378 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
3379 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = pWARN_NONE ;
3384 if (s[1] == '-') /* Additional switches on #! line. */
3389 #if defined(WIN32) || !defined(PERL_STRICT_CR)
3395 #ifdef ALTERNATE_SHEBANG
3396 case 'S': /* OS/2 needs -S on "extproc" line. */
3404 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't emulate -%.1s on #! line",s);
3409 /* compliments of Tom Christiansen */
3411 /* unexec() can be found in the Gnu emacs distribution */
3412 /* Known to work with -DUNEXEC and using unexelf.c from GNU emacs-20.2 */
3415 Perl_my_unexec(pTHX)
3417 PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
3419 SV * prog = newSVpv(BIN_EXP, 0);
3420 SV * file = newSVpv(PL_origfilename, 0);
3424 sv_catpvs(prog, "/perl");
3425 sv_catpvs(file, ".perldump");
3427 unexec(SvPVX(file), SvPVX(prog), &etext, sbrk(0), 0);
3428 /* unexec prints msg to stderr in case of failure */
3429 PerlProc_exit(status);
3432 # include <lib$routines.h>
3433 lib$signal(SS$_DEBUG); /* ssdef.h #included from vmsish.h */
3434 # elif defined(WIN32) || defined(__CYGWIN__)
3435 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "dump is not supported");
3437 ABORT(); /* for use with undump */
3442 /* initialize curinterp */
3448 # define PERLVAR(var,type)
3449 # define PERLVARA(var,n,type)
3450 # if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
3451 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) aTHX->var = init;
3452 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) aTHX->var = init;
3454 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
3455 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
3457 # include "intrpvar.h"
3458 # include "thrdvar.h"
3464 # define PERLVAR(var,type)
3465 # define PERLVARA(var,n,type)
3466 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PL_##var = init;
3467 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PL_##var = init;
3468 # include "intrpvar.h"
3469 # include "thrdvar.h"
3476 /* As these are inside a structure, PERLVARI isn't capable of initialising
3479 PL_reg_oldcurpm = PL_reg_curpm = NULL;
3480 PL_reg_poscache = PL_reg_starttry = NULL;
3484 S_init_main_stash(pTHX)
3489 PL_curstash = PL_defstash = newHV();
3490 /* We know that the string "main" will be in the global shared string
3491 table, so it's a small saving to use it rather than allocate another
3493 PL_curstname = newSVpvs_share("main");
3494 gv = gv_fetchpvs("main::", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVHV);
3495 /* If we hadn't caused another reference to "main" to be in the shared
3496 string table above, then it would be worth reordering these two,
3497 because otherwise all we do is delete "main" from it as a consequence
3498 of the SvREFCNT_dec, only to add it again with hv_name_set */
3499 SvREFCNT_dec(GvHV(gv));
3500 hv_name_set(PL_defstash, "main", 4, 0);
3501 GvHV(gv) = (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc_simple(PL_defstash);
3503 PL_incgv = gv_HVadd(gv_AVadd(gv_fetchpvs("INC", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL,
3505 SvREFCNT_inc_simple(PL_incgv); /* Don't allow it to be freed */
3506 GvMULTI_on(PL_incgv);
3507 PL_hintgv = gv_fetchpvs("\010", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV); /* ^H */
3508 GvMULTI_on(PL_hintgv);
3509 PL_defgv = gv_fetchpvs("_", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVAV);
3510 SvREFCNT_inc_simple(PL_defgv);
3511 PL_errgv = gv_HVadd(gv_fetchpvs("@", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV));
3512 SvREFCNT_inc_simple(PL_errgv);
3513 GvMULTI_on(PL_errgv);
3514 PL_replgv = gv_fetchpvs("\022", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV); /* ^R */
3515 GvMULTI_on(PL_replgv);
3516 (void)Perl_form(aTHX_ "%240s",""); /* Preallocate temp - for immediate signals. */
3517 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
3520 sv_grow(ERRSV, 240); /* Preallocate - for immediate signals. */
3521 sv_setpvn(ERRSV, "", 0);
3522 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
3523 CopSTASH_set(&PL_compiling, PL_defstash);
3524 PL_debstash = GvHV(gv_fetchpvs("DB::", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
3525 PL_globalstash = GvHV(gv_fetchpvs("CORE::GLOBAL::", GV_ADDMULTI,
3527 /* We must init $/ before switches are processed. */
3528 sv_setpvn(get_sv("/", TRUE), "\n", 1);
3532 S_open_script(pTHX_ const char *scriptname, bool dosearch, SV *sv,
3538 const char *cpp_discard_flag;
3547 PL_origfilename = savepvs("-e");
3550 /* if find_script() returns, it returns a malloc()-ed value */
3551 scriptname = PL_origfilename = find_script(scriptname, dosearch, NULL, 1);
3553 if (strnEQ(scriptname, "/dev/fd/", 8) && isDIGIT(scriptname[8]) ) {
3554 const char *s = scriptname + 8;
3560 * Tell apart "normal" usage of fdscript, e.g.
3561 * with bash on FreeBSD:
3562 * perl <( echo '#!perl -DA'; echo 'print "$0\n"')
3563 * from usage in suidperl.
3564 * Does any "normal" usage leave garbage after the number???
3565 * Is it a mistake to use a similar /dev/fd/ construct for
3570 * Be supersafe and do some sanity-checks.
3571 * Still, can we be sure we got the right thing?
3574 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Wrong syntax (suid) fd script name \"%s\"\n", s);
3577 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Missing (suid) fd script name\n");
3579 scriptname = savepv(s + 1);
3580 Safefree(PL_origfilename);
3581 PL_origfilename = (char *)scriptname;
3586 CopFILE_free(PL_curcop);
3587 CopFILE_set(PL_curcop, PL_origfilename);
3588 if (*PL_origfilename == '-' && PL_origfilename[1] == '\0')
3589 scriptname = (char *)"";
3590 if (fdscript >= 0) {
3591 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_fdopen(fdscript,PERL_SCRIPT_MODE);
3592 # if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3594 /* ensure close-on-exec */
3595 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,1);
3600 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "sperl needs fd script\n"
3601 "You should not call sperl directly; do you need to "
3602 "change a #! line\nfrom sperl to perl?\n");
3605 * Do not open (or do other fancy stuff) while setuid.
3606 * Perl does the open, and hands script to suidperl on a fd;
3607 * suidperl only does some checks, sets up UIDs and re-execs
3608 * perl with that fd as it has always done.
3611 if (*suidscript != 1) {
3612 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "suidperl needs (suid) fd script\n");
3615 else if (PL_preprocess) {
3616 const char * const cpp_cfg = CPPSTDIN;
3617 SV * const cpp = newSVpvs("");
3618 SV * const cmd = newSV(0);
3620 if (cpp_cfg[0] == 0) /* PERL_MICRO? */
3621 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't run with cpp -P with CPPSTDIN undefined");
3622 if (strEQ(cpp_cfg, "cppstdin"))
3623 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ cpp, "%s/", BIN_EXP);
3624 sv_catpv(cpp, cpp_cfg);
3627 sv_catpvs(sv, "-I");
3628 sv_catpv(sv,PRIVLIB_EXP);
3631 DEBUG_P(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3632 "PL_preprocess: scriptname=\"%s\", cpp=\"%s\", sv=\"%s\", CPPMINUS=\"%s\"\n",
3633 scriptname, SvPVX_const (cpp), SvPVX_const (sv),
3636 # if defined(MSDOS) || defined(WIN32) || defined(VMS)
3643 cpp_discard_flag = "";
3645 cpp_discard_flag = "-C";
3649 perl = os2_execname(aTHX);
3651 perl = PL_origargv[0];
3655 /* This strips off Perl comments which might interfere with
3656 the C pre-processor, including #!. #line directives are
3657 deliberately stripped to avoid confusion with Perl's version
3658 of #line. FWP played some golf with it so it will fit
3659 into VMS's 255 character buffer.
3662 code = "(1../^#!.*perl/i)|/^\\s*#(?!\\s*((ifn?|un)def|(el|end)?if|define|include|else|error|pragma)\\b)/||!($|=1)||print";
3664 code = "/^\\s*#(?!\\s*((ifn?|un)def|(el|end)?if|define|include|else|error|pragma)\\b)/||!($|=1)||print";
3666 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ cmd, "\
3667 %s -ne%s%s%s %s | %"SVf" %s %"SVf" %s",
3668 perl, quote, code, quote, scriptname, cpp,
3669 cpp_discard_flag, sv, CPPMINUS);
3671 PL_doextract = FALSE;
3673 DEBUG_P(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3674 "PL_preprocess: cmd=\"%s\"\n",
3677 PL_rsfp = PerlProc_popen((char *)SvPVX_const(cmd), (char *)"r");
3681 else if (!*scriptname) {
3682 forbid_setid(0, *suidscript);
3683 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_stdin();
3686 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_open(scriptname,PERL_SCRIPT_MODE);
3687 # if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3689 /* ensure close-on-exec */
3690 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,1);
3693 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3695 /* PSz 16 Sep 03 Keep neat error message */
3697 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't open "BIT_BUCKET": %s\n", Strerror(errno));
3699 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't open perl script \"%s\": %s\n",
3700 CopFILE(PL_curcop), Strerror(errno));
3706 * I_SYSSTATVFS HAS_FSTATVFS
3708 * I_STATFS HAS_FSTATFS HAS_GETFSSTAT
3709 * I_MNTENT HAS_GETMNTENT HAS_HASMNTOPT
3710 * here so that metaconfig picks them up. */
3714 S_fd_on_nosuid_fs(pTHX_ int fd)
3717 * We used to do this as "plain" user (after swapping UIDs with setreuid);
3718 * but is needed also on machines without setreuid.
3719 * Seems safe enough to run as root.
3721 int check_okay = 0; /* able to do all the required sys/libcalls */
3722 int on_nosuid = 0; /* the fd is on a nosuid fs */
3724 * Need to check noexec also: nosuid might not be set, the average
3725 * sysadmin would say that nosuid is irrelevant once he sets noexec.
3727 int on_noexec = 0; /* the fd is on a noexec fs */
3730 * Preferred order: fstatvfs(), fstatfs(), ustat()+getmnt(), getmntent().
3731 * fstatvfs() is UNIX98.
3732 * fstatfs() is 4.3 BSD.
3733 * ustat()+getmnt() is pre-4.3 BSD.
3734 * getmntent() is O(number-of-mounted-filesystems) and can hang on
3735 * an irrelevant filesystem while trying to reach the right one.
3738 #undef FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY /* found the syscalls to do the check? */
3740 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3741 defined(HAS_FSTATVFS)
3742 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3743 struct statvfs stfs;
3745 check_okay = fstatvfs(fd, &stfs) == 0;
3746 on_nosuid = check_okay && (stfs.f_flag & ST_NOSUID);
3748 /* ST_NOEXEC certainly absent on AIX 5.1, and doesn't seem to be documented
3749 on platforms where it is present. */
3750 on_noexec = check_okay && (stfs.f_flag & ST_NOEXEC);
3752 # endif /* fstatvfs */
3754 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3755 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID) && \
3756 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC) && \
3757 defined(HAS_FSTATFS) && \
3758 defined(HAS_STRUCT_STATFS) && \
3759 defined(HAS_STRUCT_STATFS_F_FLAGS)
3760 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3763 check_okay = fstatfs(fd, &stfs) == 0;
3764 on_nosuid = check_okay && (stfs.f_flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID);
3765 on_noexec = check_okay && (stfs.f_flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC);
3766 # endif /* fstatfs */
3768 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3769 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID) && \
3770 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC) && \
3771 defined(HAS_FSTAT) && \
3772 defined(HAS_USTAT) && \
3773 defined(HAS_GETMNT) && \
3774 defined(HAS_STRUCT_FS_DATA) && \
3776 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3779 if (fstat(fd, &fdst) == 0) {
3781 if (ustat(fdst.st_dev, &us) == 0) {
3783 /* NOSTAT_ONE here because we're not examining fields which
3784 * vary between that case and STAT_ONE. */
3785 if (getmnt((int*)0, &fsd, (int)0, NOSTAT_ONE, us.f_fname) == 0) {
3786 size_t cmplen = sizeof(us.f_fname);
3787 if (sizeof(fsd.fd_req.path) < cmplen)
3788 cmplen = sizeof(fsd.fd_req.path);
3789 if (strnEQ(fsd.fd_req.path, us.f_fname, cmplen) &&
3790 fdst.st_dev == fsd.fd_req.dev) {
3792 on_nosuid = fsd.fd_req.flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID;
3793 on_noexec = fsd.fd_req.flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC;
3798 # endif /* fstat+ustat+getmnt */
3800 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3801 defined(HAS_GETMNTENT) && \
3802 defined(HAS_HASMNTOPT) && \
3803 defined(MNTOPT_NOSUID) && \
3804 defined(MNTOPT_NOEXEC)
3805 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3806 FILE *mtab = fopen("/etc/mtab", "r");
3807 struct mntent *entry;
3810 if (mtab && (fstat(fd, &stb) == 0)) {
3811 while (entry = getmntent(mtab)) {
3812 if (stat(entry->mnt_dir, &fsb) == 0
3813 && fsb.st_dev == stb.st_dev)
3815 /* found the filesystem */
3817 if (hasmntopt(entry, MNTOPT_NOSUID))
3819 if (hasmntopt(entry, MNTOPT_NOEXEC))
3822 } /* A single fs may well fail its stat(). */
3827 # endif /* getmntent+hasmntopt */
3830 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't check filesystem of script \"%s\" for nosuid/noexec", PL_origfilename);
3832 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script \"%s\" on nosuid filesystem", PL_origfilename);
3834 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script \"%s\" on noexec filesystem", PL_origfilename);
3835 return ((!check_okay) || on_nosuid || on_noexec);
3837 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3840 S_validate_suid(pTHX_ const char *validarg, const char *scriptname,
3841 int fdscript, int suidscript)
3846 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3848 /* do we need to emulate setuid on scripts? */
3850 /* This code is for those BSD systems that have setuid #! scripts disabled
3851 * in the kernel because of a security problem. Merely defining DOSUID
3852 * in perl will not fix that problem, but if you have disabled setuid
3853 * scripts in the kernel, this will attempt to emulate setuid and setgid
3854 * on scripts that have those now-otherwise-useless bits set. The setuid
3855 * root version must be called suidperl or sperlN.NNN. If regular perl
3856 * discovers that it has opened a setuid script, it calls suidperl with
3857 * the same argv that it had. If suidperl finds that the script it has
3858 * just opened is NOT setuid root, it sets the effective uid back to the
3859 * uid. We don't just make perl setuid root because that loses the
3860 * effective uid we had before invoking perl, if it was different from the
3863 * Description/comments above do not match current workings:
3864 * suidperl must be hardlinked to sperlN.NNN (that is what we exec);
3865 * suidperl called with script open and name changed to /dev/fd/N/X;
3866 * suidperl croaks if script is not setuid;
3867 * making perl setuid would be a huge security risk (and yes, that
3868 * would lose any euid we might have had).
3870 * DOSUID must be defined in both perl and suidperl, and IAMSUID must
3871 * be defined in suidperl only. suidperl must be setuid root. The
3872 * Configure script will set this up for you if you want it.
3878 if (PerlLIO_fstat(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),&PL_statbuf) < 0) /* normal stat is insecure */
3879 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't stat script \"%s\"",PL_origfilename);
3880 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & (S_ISUID|S_ISGID)) {
3882 const char *linestr;
3886 if (fdscript < 0 || suidscript != 1)
3887 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Need (suid) fdscript in suidperl\n"); /* We already checked this */
3889 * Since the script is opened by perl, not suidperl, some of these
3890 * checks are superfluous. Leaving them in probably does not lower
3894 * Do checks even for systems with no HAS_SETREUID.
3895 * We used to swap, then re-swap UIDs with
3897 if (setreuid(PL_euid,PL_uid) < 0
3898 || PerlProc_getuid() != PL_euid || PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_uid)
3899 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't swap uid and euid");
3902 if (setreuid(PL_uid,PL_euid) < 0
3903 || PerlProc_getuid() != PL_uid || PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_euid)
3904 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't reswap uid and euid");
3908 /* On this access check to make sure the directories are readable,
3909 * there is actually a small window that the user could use to make
3910 * filename point to an accessible directory. So there is a faint
3911 * chance that someone could execute a setuid script down in a
3912 * non-accessible directory. I don't know what to do about that.
3913 * But I don't think it's too important. The manual lies when
3914 * it says access() is useful in setuid programs.
3916 * So, access() is pretty useless... but not harmful... do anyway.
3918 if (PerlLIO_access(CopFILE(PL_curcop),1)) { /*double check*/
3919 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't access() script\n");
3922 /* If we can swap euid and uid, then we can determine access rights
3923 * with a simple stat of the file, and then compare device and
3924 * inode to make sure we did stat() on the same file we opened.
3925 * Then we just have to make sure he or she can execute it.
3928 * As the script is opened by perl, not suidperl, we do not need to
3929 * care much about access rights.
3931 * The 'script changed' check is needed, or we can get lied to
3932 * about $0 with e.g.
3933 * suidperl /dev/fd/4//bin/x 4<setuidscript
3934 * Without HAS_SETREUID, is it safe to stat() as root?
3936 * Are there any operating systems that pass /dev/fd/xxx for setuid
3937 * scripts, as suggested/described in perlsec(1)? Surely they do not
3938 * pass the script name as we do, so the "script changed" test would
3939 * fail for them... but we never get here with
3940 * SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW defined.
3942 * This is one place where we must "lie" about return status: not
3943 * say if the stat() failed. We are doing this as root, and could
3944 * be tricked into reporting existence or not of files that the
3945 * "plain" user cannot even see.
3949 if (PerlLIO_stat(CopFILE(PL_curcop),&tmpstatbuf) < 0 ||
3950 tmpstatbuf.st_dev != PL_statbuf.st_dev ||
3951 tmpstatbuf.st_ino != PL_statbuf.st_ino) {
3952 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script changed\n");
3956 if (!cando(S_IXUSR,FALSE,&PL_statbuf)) /* can real uid exec? */
3957 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Real UID cannot exec script\n");
3960 * We used to do this check as the "plain" user (after swapping
3961 * UIDs). But the check for nosuid and noexec filesystem is needed,
3962 * and should be done even without HAS_SETREUID. (Maybe those
3963 * operating systems do not have such mount options anyway...)
3964 * Seems safe enough to do as root.
3966 #if !defined(NO_NOSUID_CHECK)
3967 if (fd_on_nosuid_fs(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp))) {
3968 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script on nosuid or noexec filesystem\n");
3971 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3973 if (!S_ISREG(PL_statbuf.st_mode)) {
3974 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script not plain file\n");
3976 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_IWOTH)
3977 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid/gid script is writable by world");
3978 PL_doswitches = FALSE; /* -s is insecure in suid */
3979 /* PSz 13 Nov 03 But -s was caught elsewhere ... so unsetting it here is useless(?!) */
3980 CopLINE_inc(PL_curcop);
3981 if (sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0) == NULL)
3982 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No #! line");
3983 linestr = SvPV_nolen_const(PL_linestr);
3984 /* required even on Sys V */
3985 if (!*linestr || !linestr[1] || strnNE(linestr,"#!",2))
3986 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No #! line");
3990 /* Sanity check on line length */
3991 s_end = s + strlen(s);
3992 if (s_end == s || (s_end - s) > 4000)
3993 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Very long #! line");
3994 /* Allow more than a single space after #! */
3995 while (isSPACE(*s)) s++;
3996 /* Sanity check on buffer end */
3997 while ((*s) && !isSPACE(*s)) s++;
3998 for (s2 = s; (s2 > linestr &&
3999 (isDIGIT(s2[-1]) || s2[-1] == '.' || s2[-1] == '_'
4000 || s2[-1] == '-')); s2--) ;
4001 /* Sanity check on buffer start */
4002 if ( (s2-4 < linestr || strnNE(s2-4,"perl",4)) &&
4003 (s-9 < linestr || strnNE(s-9,"perl",4)) )
4004 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Not a perl script");
4005 while (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t') s++;
4007 * #! arg must be what we saw above. They can invoke it by
4008 * mentioning suidperl explicitly, but they may not add any strange
4009 * arguments beyond what #! says if they do invoke suidperl that way.
4012 * The way validarg was set up, we rely on the kernel to start
4013 * scripts with argv[1] set to contain all #! line switches (the
4017 * Check that we got all the arguments listed in the #! line (not
4018 * just that there are no extraneous arguments). Might not matter
4019 * much, as switches from #! line seem to be acted upon (also), and
4020 * so may be checked and trapped in perl. But, security checks must
4021 * be done in suidperl and not deferred to perl. Note that suidperl
4022 * does not get around to parsing (and checking) the switches on
4023 * the #! line (but execs perl sooner).
4024 * Allow (require) a trailing newline (which may be of two
4025 * characters on some architectures?) (but no other trailing
4028 len = strlen(validarg);
4029 if (strEQ(validarg," PHOOEY ") ||
4030 strnNE(s,validarg,len) || !isSPACE(s[len]) ||
4031 !((s_end - s) == len+1
4032 || ((s_end - s) == len+2 && isSPACE(s[len+1]))))
4033 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Args must match #! line");
4037 PL_euid != PL_uid && (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID) &&
4038 PL_euid == PL_statbuf.st_uid)
4040 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "YOU HAVEN'T DISABLED SET-ID SCRIPTS IN THE KERNEL YET!\n\
4041 FIX YOUR KERNEL, OR PUT A C WRAPPER AROUND THIS SCRIPT!\n");
4042 #endif /* IAMSUID */
4045 PL_euid) { /* oops, we're not the setuid root perl */
4047 * When root runs a setuid script, we do not go through the same
4048 * steps of execing sperl and then perl with fd scripts, but
4049 * simply set up UIDs within the same perl invocation; so do
4050 * not have the same checks (on options, whatever) that we have
4051 * for plain users. No problem really: would have to be a script
4052 * that does not actually work for plain users; and if root is
4053 * foolish and can be persuaded to run such an unsafe script, he
4054 * might run also non-setuid ones, and deserves what he gets.
4056 * Or, we might drop the PL_euid check above (and rely just on
4057 * fdscript to avoid loops), and do the execs
4063 * Pass fd script to suidperl.
4064 * Exec suidperl, substituting fd script for scriptname.
4065 * Pass script name as "subdir" of fd, which perl will grok;
4066 * in fact will use that to distinguish this from "normal"
4067 * usage, see comments above.
4069 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
4070 PerlLIO_lseek(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),(Off_t)0,0); /* just in case rewind didn't */
4071 /* PSz 27 Feb 04 Sanity checks on scriptname */
4072 if ((!scriptname) || (!*scriptname) ) {
4073 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No setuid script name\n");
4075 if (*scriptname == '-') {
4076 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script name may not begin with dash\n");
4077 /* Or we might confuse it with an option when replacing
4078 * name in argument list, below (though we do pointer, not
4079 * string, comparisons).
4082 for (which = 1; PL_origargv[which] && PL_origargv[which] != scriptname; which++) ;
4083 if (!PL_origargv[which]) {
4084 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't change argv to have fd script\n");
4086 PL_origargv[which] = savepv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "/dev/fd/%d/%s",
4087 PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp), PL_origargv[which]));
4088 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
4089 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,0); /* ensure no close-on-exec */
4092 PerlProc_execv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s/sperl"PERL_FS_VER_FMT, BIN_EXP,
4093 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
4094 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION), PL_origargv);
4096 #endif /* IAMSUID */
4097 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setuid (cannot exec sperl)\n");
4100 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISGID && PL_statbuf.st_gid != PL_egid) {
4102 * This seems back to front: we try HAS_SETEGID first; if not available
4103 * then try HAS_SETREGID; as a last chance we try HAS_SETRESGID. May be OK
4104 * in the sense that we only want to set EGID; but are there any machines
4105 * with either of the latter, but not the former? Same with UID, later.
4108 (void)setegid(PL_statbuf.st_gid);
4111 (void)setregid((Gid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_gid);
4113 #ifdef HAS_SETRESGID
4114 (void)setresgid((Gid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_gid,(Gid_t)-1);
4116 PerlProc_setgid(PL_statbuf.st_gid);
4120 if (PerlProc_getegid() != PL_statbuf.st_gid)
4121 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setegid!\n");
4123 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID) {
4124 if (PL_statbuf.st_uid != PL_euid)
4126 (void)seteuid(PL_statbuf.st_uid); /* all that for this */
4129 (void)setreuid((Uid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_uid);
4131 #ifdef HAS_SETRESUID
4132 (void)setresuid((Uid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_uid,(Uid_t)-1);
4134 PerlProc_setuid(PL_statbuf.st_uid);
4138 if (PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_statbuf.st_uid)
4139 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do seteuid!\n");
4141 else if (PL_uid) { /* oops, mustn't run as root */
4143 (void)seteuid((Uid_t)PL_uid);
4146 (void)setreuid((Uid_t)-1,(Uid_t)PL_uid);
4148 #ifdef HAS_SETRESUID
4149 (void)setresuid((Uid_t)-1,(Uid_t)PL_uid,(Uid_t)-1);
4151 PerlProc_setuid((Uid_t)PL_uid);
4155 if (PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_uid)
4156 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do seteuid!\n");
4159 if (!cando(S_IXUSR,TRUE,&PL_statbuf))
4160 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Effective UID cannot exec script\n"); /* they can't do this */
4163 else if (PL_preprocess) /* PSz 13 Nov 03 Caught elsewhere, useless(?!) here */
4164 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "-P not allowed for setuid/setgid script\n");
4165 else if (fdscript < 0 || suidscript != 1)
4166 /* PSz 13 Nov 03 Caught elsewhere, useless(?!) here */
4167 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "(suid) fdscript needed in suidperl\n");
4169 /* PSz 16 Sep 03 Keep neat error message */
4170 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Script is not setuid/setgid in suidperl\n");
4173 /* We absolutely must clear out any saved ids here, so we */
4174 /* exec the real perl, substituting fd script for scriptname. */
4175 /* (We pass script name as "subdir" of fd, which perl will grok.) */
4177 * It might be thought that using setresgid and/or setresuid (changed to
4178 * set the saved IDs) above might obviate the need to exec, and we could
4179 * go on to "do the perl thing".
4181 * Is there such a thing as "saved GID", and is that set for setuid (but
4182 * not setgid) execution like suidperl? Without exec, it would not be
4183 * cleared for setuid (but not setgid) scripts (or might need a dummy
4186 * We need suidperl to do the exact same argument checking that perl
4187 * does. Thus it cannot be very small; while it could be significantly
4188 * smaller, it is safer (simpler?) to make it essentially the same
4189 * binary as perl (but they are not identical). - Maybe could defer that
4190 * check to the invoked perl, and suidperl be a tiny wrapper instead;
4191 * but prefer to do thorough checks in suidperl itself. Such deferral
4192 * would make suidperl security rely on perl, a design no-no.
4194 * Setuid things should be short and simple, thus easy to understand and
4195 * verify. They should do their "own thing", without influence by
4196 * attackers. It may help if their internal execution flow is fixed,
4197 * regardless of platform: it may be best to exec anyway.
4199 * Suidperl should at least be conceptually simple: a wrapper only,
4200 * never to do any real perl. Maybe we should put
4202 * Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Suidperl should never do real perl\n");
4204 * into the perly bits.
4206 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
4207 PerlLIO_lseek(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),(Off_t)0,0); /* just in case rewind didn't */
4209 * Keep original arguments: suidperl already has fd script.
4211 /* for (which = 1; PL_origargv[which] && PL_origargv[which] != scriptname; which++) ; */
4212 /* if (!PL_origargv[which]) { */
4213 /* errno = EPERM; */
4214 /* Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Permission denied\n"); */
4216 /* PL_origargv[which] = savepv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "/dev/fd/%d/%s", */
4217 /* PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp), PL_origargv[which])); */
4218 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
4219 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,0); /* ensure no close-on-exec */
4222 PerlProc_execv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s/perl"PERL_FS_VER_FMT, BIN_EXP,
4223 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
4224 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION), PL_origargv);/* try again */
4226 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setuid (suidperl cannot exec perl)\n");
4227 #endif /* IAMSUID */
4229 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(fdscript);
4230 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(suidscript);
4231 if (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid) { /* (suidperl doesn't exist, in fact) */
4232 #ifndef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
4233 PerlLIO_fstat(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),&PL_statbuf); /* may be either wrapped or real suid */
4234 if ((PL_euid != PL_uid && PL_euid == PL_statbuf.st_uid && PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID)
4236 (PL_egid != PL_gid && PL_egid == PL_statbuf.st_gid && PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISGID)
4239 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "YOU HAVEN'T DISABLED SET-ID SCRIPTS IN THE KERNEL YET!\n\
4240 FIX YOUR KERNEL, PUT A C WRAPPER AROUND THIS SCRIPT, OR USE -u AND UNDUMP!\n");
4241 #endif /* SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW */
4242 /* not set-id, must be wrapped */
4245 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(validarg);
4246 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(scriptname);
4250 S_find_beginning(pTHX)
4254 register const char *s2;
4255 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4259 /* skip forward in input to the real script? */
4261 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4262 /* Since the Mac OS does not honor #! arguments for us, we do it ourselves */
4264 while (PL_doextract || gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
4265 if ((s = sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0)) == NULL) {
4266 if (!gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract)
4267 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No Perl script found in input\n");
4269 if (PL_doextract) /* require explicit override ? */
4270 if (!OverrideExtract(PL_origfilename))
4271 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "User aborted script\n");
4273 PL_doextract = FALSE;
4275 /* Pater peccavi, file does not have #! */
4276 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
4281 while (PL_doextract) {
4282 if ((s = sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0)) == NULL)
4283 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No Perl script found in input\n");
4286 if (*s == '#' && s[1] == '!' && ((s = instr(s,"perl")) || (s = instr(s2,"PERL")))) {
4287 PerlIO_ungetc(PL_rsfp, '\n'); /* to keep line count right */
4288 PL_doextract = FALSE;
4289 while (*s && !(isSPACE (*s) || *s == '#')) s++;
4291 while (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t') s++;
4293 while (isDIGIT(s2[-1]) || s2[-1] == '-' || s2[-1] == '.'
4294 || s2[-1] == '_') s2--;
4295 if (strnEQ(s2-4,"perl",4))
4296 while ((s = moreswitches(s)))
4299 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4300 /* We are always searching for the #!perl line in MacPerl,
4301 * so if we find it, still keep the line count correct
4302 * by counting lines we already skipped over
4304 for (; maclines > 0 ; maclines--)
4305 PerlIO_ungetc(PL_rsfp, '\n');
4309 /* gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract is false in MPW tool */
4310 } else if (gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
4322 PL_uid = PerlProc_getuid();
4323 PL_euid = PerlProc_geteuid();
4324 PL_gid = PerlProc_getgid();
4325 PL_egid = PerlProc_getegid();
4327 PL_uid |= PL_gid << 16;
4328 PL_euid |= PL_egid << 16;
4330 /* Should not happen: */
4331 CHECK_MALLOC_TAINT(PL_uid && (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid));
4332 PL_tainting |= (PL_uid && (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid));
4335 * Should go by suidscript, not uid!=euid: why disallow
4336 * system("ls") in scripts run from setuid things?
4337 * Or, is this run before we check arguments and set suidscript?
4338 * What about SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW: could we use fdscript then?
4339 * (We never have suidscript, can we be sure to have fdscript?)
4340 * Or must then go by UID checks? See comments in forbid_setid also.
4344 /* This is used very early in the lifetime of the program,
4345 * before even the options are parsed, so PL_tainting has
4346 * not been initialized properly. */
4348 Perl_doing_taint(int argc, char *argv[], char *envp[])
4350 #ifndef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
4351 /* If we have PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS we can't call getuid() et alia
4352 * before we have an interpreter-- and the whole point of this
4353 * function is to be called at such an early stage. If you are on
4354 * a system with PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS but you do have a concept of
4355 * "tainted because running with altered effective ids', you'll
4356 * have to add your own checks somewhere in here. The two most
4357 * known samples of 'implicitness' are Win32 and NetWare, neither
4358 * of which has much of concept of 'uids'. */
4359 int uid = PerlProc_getuid();
4360 int euid = PerlProc_geteuid();
4361 int gid = PerlProc_getgid();
4362 int egid = PerlProc_getegid();
4369 if (uid && (euid != uid || egid != gid))
4371 #endif /* !PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS */
4372 /* This is a really primitive check; environment gets ignored only
4373 * if -T are the first chars together; otherwise one gets
4374 * "Too late" message. */
4375 if ( argc > 1 && argv[1][0] == '-'
4376 && (argv[1][1] == 't' || argv[1][1] == 'T') )
4381 /* Passing the flag as a single char rather than a string is a slight space
4382 optimisation. The only message that isn't /^-.$/ is
4383 "program input from stdin", which is substituted in place of '\0', which
4384 could never be a command line flag. */
4386 S_forbid_setid(pTHX_ const char flag, const int suidscript)
4389 char string[3] = "-x";
4390 const char *message = "program input from stdin";
4397 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
4398 if (PL_euid != PL_uid)
4399 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed while running setuid", message);
4400 if (PL_egid != PL_gid)
4401 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed while running setgid", message);
4402 #endif /* SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW */
4404 * Checks for UID/GID above "wrong": why disallow
4405 * perl -e 'print "Hello\n"'
4406 * from within setuid things?? Simply drop them: replaced by
4407 * fdscript/suidscript and #ifdef IAMSUID checks below.
4409 * This may be too late for command-line switches. Will catch those on
4410 * the #! line, after finding the script name and setting up
4411 * fdscript/suidscript. Note that suidperl does not get around to
4412 * parsing (and checking) the switches on the #! line, but checks that
4413 * the two sets are identical.
4415 * With SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW, could we use fdscript, also or
4416 * instead, or would that be "too late"? (We never have suidscript, can
4417 * we be sure to have fdscript?)
4419 * Catch things with suidscript (in descendant of suidperl), even with
4420 * right UID/GID. Was already checked in suidperl, with #ifdef IAMSUID,
4421 * below; but I am paranoid.
4423 * Also see comments about root running a setuid script, elsewhere.
4425 if (suidscript >= 0)
4426 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed with (suid) fdscript", message);
4428 /* PSz 11 Nov 03 Catch it in suidperl, always! */
4429 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed in suidperl", message);
4430 #endif /* IAMSUID */
4434 Perl_init_debugger(pTHX)
4437 HV * const ostash = PL_curstash;
4439 PL_curstash = PL_debstash;
4440 PL_dbargs = GvAV(gv_AVadd((gv_fetchpvs("DB::args", GV_ADDMULTI,
4442 AvREAL_off(PL_dbargs);
4443 PL_DBgv = gv_fetchpvs("DB::DB", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVGV);
4444 PL_DBline = gv_fetchpvs("DB::dbline", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVAV);
4445 PL_DBsub = gv_HVadd(gv_fetchpvs("DB::sub", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
4446 PL_DBsingle = GvSV((gv_fetchpvs("DB::single", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
4447 sv_setiv(PL_DBsingle, 0);
4448 PL_DBtrace = GvSV((gv_fetchpvs("DB::trace", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
4449 sv_setiv(PL_DBtrace, 0);
4450 PL_DBsignal = GvSV((gv_fetchpvs("DB::signal", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
4451 sv_setiv(PL_DBsignal, 0);
4452 PL_DBassertion = GvSV((gv_fetchpvs("DB::assertion", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
4453 sv_setiv(PL_DBassertion, 0);
4454 PL_curstash = ostash;
4457 #ifndef STRESS_REALLOC
4458 #define REASONABLE(size) (size)
4460 #define REASONABLE(size) (1) /* unreasonable */
4464 Perl_init_stacks(pTHX)
4467 /* start with 128-item stack and 8K cxstack */
4468 PL_curstackinfo = new_stackinfo(REASONABLE(128),
4469 REASONABLE(8192/sizeof(PERL_CONTEXT) - 1));
4470 PL_curstackinfo->si_type = PERLSI_MAIN;
4471 PL_curstack = PL_curstackinfo->si_stack;
4472 PL_mainstack = PL_curstack; /* remember in case we switch stacks */
4474 PL_stack_base = AvARRAY(PL_curstack);
4475 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base;
4476 PL_stack_max = PL_stack_base + AvMAX(PL_curstack);
4478 Newx(PL_tmps_stack,REASONABLE(128),SV*);
4481 PL_tmps_max = REASONABLE(128);
4483 Newx(PL_markstack,REASONABLE(32),I32);
4484 PL_markstack_ptr = PL_markstack;
4485 PL_markstack_max = PL_markstack + REASONABLE(32);
4489 Newx(PL_scopestack,REASONABLE(32),I32);
4490 PL_scopestack_ix = 0;
4491 PL_scopestack_max = REASONABLE(32);
4493 Newx(PL_savestack,REASONABLE(128),ANY);
4494 PL_savestack_ix = 0;
4495 PL_savestack_max = REASONABLE(128);
4504 while (PL_curstackinfo->si_next)
4505 PL_curstackinfo = PL_curstackinfo->si_next;
4506 while (PL_curstackinfo) {
4507 PERL_SI *p = PL_curstackinfo->si_prev;
4508 /* curstackinfo->si_stack got nuked by sv_free_arenas() */
4509 Safefree(PL_curstackinfo->si_cxstack);
4510 Safefree(PL_curstackinfo);
4511 PL_curstackinfo = p;
4513 Safefree(PL_tmps_stack);
4514 Safefree(PL_markstack);
4515 Safefree(PL_scopestack);
4516 Safefree(PL_savestack);
4526 lex_start(PL_linestr);
4528 PL_subname = newSVpvs("main");
4532 S_init_predump_symbols(pTHX)
4538 sv_setpvn(get_sv("\"", TRUE), " ", 1);
4539 PL_stdingv = gv_fetchpvs("STDIN", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVIO);
4540 GvMULTI_on(PL_stdingv);
4541 io = GvIOp(PL_stdingv);
4542 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_RDONLY;
4543 IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stdin();
4544 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvs("stdin", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV);
4546 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc_simple(io);
4548 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvs("STDOUT", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVIO);
4551 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_WRONLY;
4552 IoOFP(io) = IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stdout();
4554 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvs("stdout", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV);
4556 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc_simple(io);
4558 PL_stderrgv = gv_fetchpvs("STDERR", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVIO);
4559 GvMULTI_on(PL_stderrgv);
4560 io = GvIOp(PL_stderrgv);
4561 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_WRONLY;
4562 IoOFP(io) = IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stderr();
4563 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvs("stderr", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV);
4565 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc_simple(io);
4567 PL_statname = newSV(0); /* last filename we did stat on */
4569 Safefree(PL_osname);
4570 PL_osname = savepv(OSNAME);
4574 Perl_init_argv_symbols(pTHX_ register int argc, register char **argv)
4577 argc--,argv++; /* skip name of script */
4578 if (PL_doswitches) {
4579 for (; argc > 0 && **argv == '-'; argc--,argv++) {
4583 if (argv[0][1] == '-' && !argv[0][2]) {
4587 if ((s = strchr(argv[0], '='))) {
4588 const char *const start_name = argv[0] + 1;
4589 sv_setpv(GvSV(gv_fetchpvn_flags(start_name, s - start_name,
4590 TRUE, SVt_PV)), s + 1);
4593 sv_setiv(GvSV(gv_fetchpv(argv[0]+1, GV_ADD, SVt_PV)),1);
4596 if ((PL_argvgv = gv_fetchpvs("ARGV", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVAV))) {
4597 GvMULTI_on(PL_argvgv);
4598 (void)gv_AVadd(PL_argvgv);
4599 av_clear(GvAVn(PL_argvgv));
4600 for (; argc > 0; argc--,argv++) {
4601 SV * const sv = newSVpv(argv[0],0);
4602 av_push(GvAVn(PL_argvgv),sv);
4603 if (!(PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_LOCALE_FLAG) || PL_utf8locale) {
4604 if (PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_ARGV_FLAG)
4607 if (PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_WIDESYSCALLS_FLAG) /* Sarathy? */
4608 (void)sv_utf8_decode(sv);
4614 S_init_postdump_symbols(pTHX_ register int argc, register char **argv, register char **env)
4619 PL_toptarget = newSV(0);
4620 sv_upgrade(PL_toptarget, SVt_PVFM);
4621 sv_setpvn(PL_toptarget, "", 0);
4622 PL_bodytarget = newSV(0);
4623 sv_upgrade(PL_bodytarget, SVt_PVFM);
4624 sv_setpvn(PL_bodytarget, "", 0);
4625 PL_formtarget = PL_bodytarget;
4629 init_argv_symbols(argc,argv);
4631 if ((tmpgv = gv_fetchpvs("0", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV))) {
4632 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4633 /* $0 is not majick on a Mac */
4634 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv),MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
4636 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv),PL_origfilename);
4637 magicname("0", "0", 1);
4640 if ((PL_envgv = gv_fetchpvs("ENV", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVHV))) {
4642 GvMULTI_on(PL_envgv);
4643 hv = GvHVn(PL_envgv);
4644 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_env);
4646 #ifdef USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY
4647 /* Note that if the supplied env parameter is actually a copy
4648 of the global environ then it may now point to free'd memory
4649 if the environment has been modified since. To avoid this
4650 problem we treat env==NULL as meaning 'use the default'
4655 # ifdef USE_ITHREADS
4656 && PL_curinterp == aTHX
4663 char** origenv = environ;
4666 for (; *env; env++) {
4667 if (!(s = strchr(*env,'=')) || s == *env)
4669 #if defined(MSDOS) && !defined(DJGPP)
4674 sv = newSVpv(s+1, 0);
4675 (void)hv_store(hv, *env, s - *env, sv, 0);
4678 if (origenv != environ) {
4679 /* realloc has shifted us */
4680 env = (env - origenv) + environ;
4685 #endif /* USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY */
4686 #endif /* !PERL_MICRO */
4689 if ((tmpgv = gv_fetchpvs("$", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV))) {
4690 SvREADONLY_off(GvSV(tmpgv));
4691 sv_setiv(GvSV(tmpgv), (IV)PerlProc_getpid());
4692 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(tmpgv));
4694 #ifdef THREADS_HAVE_PIDS
4695 PL_ppid = (IV)getppid();
4698 /* touch @F array to prevent spurious warnings 20020415 MJD */
4700 (void) get_av("main::F", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4702 /* touch @- and @+ arrays to prevent spurious warnings 20020415 MJD */
4703 (void) get_av("main::-", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4704 (void) get_av("main::+", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4708 S_init_perllib(pTHX)
4714 s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL5LIB");
4716 * It isn't possible to delete an environment variable with
4717 * PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV set unless unsetenv() is also available, so in that
4718 * case we treat PERL5LIB as undefined if it has a zero-length value.
4720 #if defined(PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV) && ! defined(HAS_UNSETENV)
4721 if (s && *s != '\0')
4725 incpush(s, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE);
4727 incpush(PerlEnv_getenv("PERLLIB"), FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4729 /* Treat PERL5?LIB as a possible search list logical name -- the
4730 * "natural" VMS idiom for a Unix path string. We allow each
4731 * element to be a set of |-separated directories for compatibility.
4735 if (my_trnlnm("PERL5LIB",buf,0))
4736 do { incpush(buf,TRUE,TRUE,TRUE,FALSE); } while (my_trnlnm("PERL5LIB",buf,++idx));
4738 while (my_trnlnm("PERLLIB",buf,idx++)) incpush(buf,FALSE,FALSE,TRUE,FALSE);
4742 /* Use the ~-expanded versions of APPLLIB (undocumented),
4743 ARCHLIB PRIVLIB SITEARCH SITELIB VENDORARCH and VENDORLIB
4746 incpush(APPLLIB_EXP, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4750 incpush(ARCHLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4752 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4755 SV * privdir = newSV(0);
4756 char * macperl = PerlEnv_getenv("MACPERL");
4761 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ privdir, "%slib:", macperl);
4762 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(privdir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 && S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode))
4763 incpush(SvPVX(privdir), TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4764 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ privdir, "%ssite_perl:", macperl);
4765 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(privdir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 && S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode))
4766 incpush(SvPVX(privdir), TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4768 SvREFCNT_dec(privdir);
4771 incpush(":", FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4774 # define PRIVLIB_EXP "/usr/local/lib/perl5:/usr/local/lib/perl"
4777 incpush(PRIVLIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4779 incpush(PRIVLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4783 /* sitearch is always relative to sitelib on Windows for
4784 * DLL-based path intuition to work correctly */
4785 # if !defined(WIN32)
4786 incpush(SITEARCH_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4792 /* this picks up sitearch as well */
4793 incpush(SITELIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4795 incpush(SITELIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4799 #if defined(SITELIB_STEM) && defined(PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST)
4800 /* Search for version-specific dirs below here */
4801 incpush(SITELIB_STEM, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4804 #ifdef PERL_VENDORARCH_EXP
4805 /* vendorarch is always relative to vendorlib on Windows for
4806 * DLL-based path intuition to work correctly */
4807 # if !defined(WIN32)
4808 incpush(PERL_VENDORARCH_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4812 #ifdef PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP
4814 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE); /* this picks up vendorarch as well */
4816 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4820 #ifdef PERL_VENDORLIB_STEM /* Search for version-specific dirs below here */
4821 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_STEM, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4824 #ifdef PERL_OTHERLIBDIRS
4825 incpush(PERL_OTHERLIBDIRS, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4829 incpush(".", FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4830 #endif /* MACOS_TRADITIONAL */
4833 #if defined(DOSISH) || defined(EPOC) || defined(__SYMBIAN32__)
4834 # define PERLLIB_SEP ';'
4837 # define PERLLIB_SEP '|'
4839 # if defined(MACOS_TRADITIONAL)
4840 # define PERLLIB_SEP ','
4842 # define PERLLIB_SEP ':'
4846 #ifndef PERLLIB_MANGLE
4847 # define PERLLIB_MANGLE(s,n) (s)
4850 /* Push a directory onto @INC if it exists.
4851 Generate a new SV if we do this, to save needing to copy the SV we push
4854 S_incpush_if_exists(pTHX_ SV *dir)
4858 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX_const(dir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 &&
4859 S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode)) {
4860 av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), dir);
4867 S_incpush(pTHX_ const char *dir, bool addsubdirs, bool addoldvers, bool usesep,
4872 const char *p = dir;
4877 if (addsubdirs || addoldvers) {
4881 /* Break at all separators */
4883 SV *libdir = newSV(0);
4886 /* skip any consecutive separators */
4888 while ( *p == PERLLIB_SEP ) {
4889 /* Uncomment the next line for PATH semantics */
4890 /* av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), newSVpvs(".")); */
4895 if ( usesep && (s = strchr(p, PERLLIB_SEP)) != NULL ) {
4896 sv_setpvn(libdir, PERLLIB_MANGLE(p, (STRLEN)(s - p)),
4901 sv_setpv(libdir, PERLLIB_MANGLE(p, 0));
4902 p = NULL; /* break out */
4904 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4905 if (!strchr(SvPVX(libdir), ':')) {
4908 sv_setpv(libdir, MacPerl_CanonDir(SvPVX(libdir), buf, 0));
4910 if (SvPVX(libdir)[SvCUR(libdir)-1] != ':')
4911 sv_catpvs(libdir, ":");
4914 /* Do the if() outside the #ifdef to avoid warnings about an unused
4917 #ifdef PERL_RELOCATABLE_INC
4919 * Relocatable include entries are marked with a leading .../
4922 * 0: Remove that leading ".../"
4923 * 1: Remove trailing executable name (anything after the last '/')
4924 * from the perl path to give a perl prefix
4926 * While the @INC element starts "../" and the prefix ends with a real
4927 * directory (ie not . or ..) chop that real directory off the prefix
4928 * and the leading "../" from the @INC element. ie a logical "../"
4930 * Finally concatenate the prefix and the remainder of the @INC element
4931 * The intent is that /usr/local/bin/perl and .../../lib/perl5
4932 * generates /usr/local/lib/perl5
4934 const char *libpath = SvPVX(libdir);
4935 STRLEN libpath_len = SvCUR(libdir);
4936 if (libpath_len >= 4 && memEQ (libpath, ".../", 4)) {
4938 SV * const caret_X = get_sv("\030", 0);
4939 /* Going to use the SV just as a scratch buffer holding a C
4945 /* $^X is *the* source of taint if tainting is on, hence
4946 SvPOK() won't be true. */
4948 assert(SvPOKp(caret_X));
4949 prefix_sv = newSVpvn(SvPVX(caret_X), SvCUR(caret_X));
4950 /* Firstly take off the leading .../
4951 If all else fail we'll do the paths relative to the current
4953 sv_chop(libdir, libpath + 4);
4954 /* Don't use SvPV as we're intentionally bypassing taining,
4955 mortal copies that the mg_get of tainting creates, and
4956 corruption that seems to come via the save stack.
4957 I guess that the save stack isn't correctly set up yet. */
4958 libpath = SvPVX(libdir);
4959 libpath_len = SvCUR(libdir);
4961 /* This would work more efficiently with memrchr, but as it's
4962 only a GNU extension we'd need to probe for it and
4963 implement our own. Not hard, but maybe not worth it? */
4965 prefix = SvPVX(prefix_sv);
4966 lastslash = strrchr(prefix, '/');
4968 /* First time in with the *lastslash = '\0' we just wipe off
4969 the trailing /perl from (say) /usr/foo/bin/perl
4973 while ((*lastslash = '\0'), /* Do that, come what may. */
4974 (libpath_len >= 3 && memEQ(libpath, "../", 3)
4975 && (lastslash = strrchr(prefix, '/')))) {
4976 if (lastslash[1] == '\0'
4977 || (lastslash[1] == '.'
4978 && (lastslash[2] == '/' /* ends "/." */
4979 || (lastslash[2] == '/'
4980 && lastslash[3] == '/' /* or "/.." */
4982 /* Prefix ends "/" or "/." or "/..", any of which
4983 are fishy, so don't do any more logical cleanup.
4987 /* Remove leading "../" from path */
4990 /* Next iteration round the loop removes the last
4991 directory name from prefix by writing a '\0' in
4992 the while clause. */
4994 /* prefix has been terminated with a '\0' to the correct
4995 length. libpath points somewhere into the libdir SV.
4996 We need to join the 2 with '/' and drop the result into
4998 tempsv = Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "%s/%s", prefix, libpath);
4999 SvREFCNT_dec(libdir);
5000 /* And this is the new libdir. */
5003 (PL_uid != PL_euid || PL_gid != PL_egid)) {
5004 /* Need to taint reloccated paths if running set ID */
5005 SvTAINTED_on(libdir);
5008 SvREFCNT_dec(prefix_sv);
5013 * BEFORE pushing libdir onto @INC we may first push version- and
5014 * archname-specific sub-directories.
5016 if (addsubdirs || addoldvers) {
5017 #ifdef PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST
5018 /* Configure terminates PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST with a NULL */
5019 const char * const incverlist[] = { PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST };
5020 const char * const *incver;
5026 if ((unix = tounixspec_ts(SvPV(libdir,len),NULL)) != NULL) {
5028 while (unix[len-1] == '/') len--; /* Cosmetic */
5029 sv_usepvn(libdir,unix,len);
5032 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log,
5033 "Failed to unixify @INC element \"%s\"\n",
5037 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
5038 #define PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT ""
5039 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT "%s:"
5040 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_FS_VER_FMT PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT
5042 #define PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT "/"
5043 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT "/%s"
5044 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT PERL_FS_VER_FMT
5046 /* .../version/archname if -d .../version/archname */
5047 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_ARCH_FMT,
5049 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
5050 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION, ARCHNAME);
5051 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
5053 /* .../version if -d .../version */
5054 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH, libdir,
5055 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
5056 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION);
5057 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
5059 /* .../archname if -d .../archname */
5060 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT, libdir, ARCHNAME);
5061 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
5065 #ifdef PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST
5067 for (incver = incverlist; *incver; incver++) {
5068 /* .../xxx if -d .../xxx */
5069 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT, libdir, *incver);
5070 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
5076 /* finally push this lib directory on the end of @INC */
5077 av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), libdir);
5080 assert (SvREFCNT(subdir) == 1);
5081 SvREFCNT_dec(subdir);
5087 Perl_call_list(pTHX_ I32 oldscope, AV *paramList)
5091 const line_t oldline = CopLINE(PL_curcop);
5097 while (av_len(paramList) >= 0) {
5098 cv = (CV*)av_shift(paramList);
5100 if (paramList == PL_beginav) {
5101 /* save PL_beginav for compiler */
5102 if (! PL_beginav_save)
5103 PL_beginav_save = newAV();
5104 av_push(PL_beginav_save, (SV*)cv);
5106 else if (paramList == PL_checkav) {
5107 /* save PL_checkav for compiler */
5108 if (! PL_checkav_save)
5109 PL_checkav_save = newAV();
5110 av_push(PL_checkav_save, (SV*)cv);
5121 PL_madskills |= 16384;
5126 PL_madskills &= ~16384;
5129 (void)SvPV_const(atsv, len);
5130 if (PL_madskills && PL_minus_c && paramList == PL_beginav)
5131 break; /* not really trying to run, so just wing it */
5133 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
5134 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
5135 if (paramList == PL_beginav)
5136 sv_catpvs(atsv, "BEGIN failed--compilation aborted");
5138 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ atsv,
5139 "%s failed--call queue aborted",
5140 paramList == PL_checkav ? "CHECK"
5141 : paramList == PL_initav ? "INIT"
5143 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
5146 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%"SVf"", atsv);
5153 /* my_exit() was called */
5154 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
5157 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
5158 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
5159 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
5161 if (PL_madskills && PL_minus_c && paramList == PL_beginav)
5162 return; /* not really trying to run, so just wing it */
5163 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED)) {
5164 if (paramList == PL_beginav)
5165 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "BEGIN failed--compilation aborted");
5167 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s failed--call queue aborted",
5168 paramList == PL_checkav ? "CHECK"
5169 : paramList == PL_initav ? "INIT"
5176 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
5177 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
5180 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: restartop\n");
5189 S_call_list_body(pTHX_ CV *cv)
5192 PUSHMARK(PL_stack_sp);
5193 call_sv((SV*)cv, G_EVAL|G_DISCARD);
5198 Perl_my_exit(pTHX_ U32 status)
5201 DEBUG_S(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "my_exit: thread %p, status %lu\n",
5202 thr, (unsigned long) status));
5211 STATUS_EXIT_SET(status);
5218 Perl_my_failure_exit(pTHX)
5222 /* We have been called to fall on our sword. The desired exit code
5223 * should be already set in STATUS_UNIX, but could be shifted over
5224 * by 8 bits. STATUS_UNIX_EXIT_SET will handle the cases where a
5227 * If an error code has not been set, then force the issue.
5229 if (MY_POSIX_EXIT) {
5231 /* In POSIX_EXIT mode follow Perl documentations and use 255 for
5232 * the exit code when there isn't an error.
5235 if (STATUS_UNIX == 0)
5236 STATUS_UNIX_EXIT_SET(255);
5238 STATUS_UNIX_EXIT_SET(STATUS_UNIX);
5240 /* The exit code could have been set by $? or vmsish which
5241 * means that it may not be fatal. So convert
5242 * success/warning codes to fatal.
5244 if ((STATUS_NATIVE & (STS$K_SEVERE|STS$K_ERROR)) == 0)
5245 STATUS_UNIX_EXIT_SET(255);
5249 /* Traditionally Perl on VMS always expects a Fatal Error. */
5250 if (vaxc$errno & 1) {
5252 /* So force success status to failure */
5253 if (STATUS_NATIVE & 1)
5258 STATUS_UNIX = EINTR; /* In case something cares */
5263 STATUS_NATIVE = vaxc$errno; /* Should already be this */
5265 /* Encode the severity code */
5266 severity = STATUS_NATIVE & STS$M_SEVERITY;
5267 STATUS_UNIX = (severity ? severity : 1) << 8;
5269 /* Perl expects this to be a fatal error */
5270 if (severity != STS$K_SEVERE)
5279 STATUS_UNIX_SET(errno);
5281 exitstatus = STATUS_UNIX >> 8;
5282 if (exitstatus & 255)
5283 STATUS_UNIX_SET(exitstatus);
5285 STATUS_UNIX_SET(255);
5292 S_my_exit_jump(pTHX)
5297 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
5301 POPSTACK_TO(PL_mainstack);
5309 read_e_script(pTHX_ int idx, SV *buf_sv, int maxlen)
5312 const char * const p = SvPVX_const(PL_e_script);
5313 const char *nl = strchr(p, '\n');
5315 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(idx);
5316 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(maxlen);
5318 nl = (nl) ? nl+1 : SvEND(PL_e_script);
5320 filter_del(read_e_script);
5323 sv_catpvn(buf_sv, p, nl-p);
5324 sv_chop(PL_e_script, nl);
5330 * c-indentation-style: bsd
5332 * indent-tabs-mode: t
5335 * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 noet: