3 * Copyright (C) 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
4 * 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * "A ship then new they built for him/of mithril and of elven glass" --Bilbo
15 /* This file contains the top-level functions that are used to create, use
16 * and destroy a perl interpreter, plus the functions used by XS code to
17 * call back into perl. Note that it does not contain the actual main()
18 * function of the interpreter; that can be found in perlmain.c
23 * Be proud that perl(1) may proclaim:
24 * Setuid Perl scripts are safer than C programs ...
25 * Do not abandon (deprecate) suidperl. Do not advocate C wrappers.
27 * The flow was: perl starts, notices script is suid, execs suidperl with same
28 * arguments; suidperl opens script, checks many things, sets itself with
29 * right UID, execs perl with similar arguments but with script pre-opened on
30 * /dev/fd/xxx; perl checks script is as should be and does work. This was
31 * insecure: see perlsec(1) for many problems with this approach.
33 * The "correct" flow should be: perl starts, opens script and notices it is
34 * suid, checks many things, execs suidperl with similar arguments but with
35 * script on /dev/fd/xxx; suidperl checks script and /dev/fd/xxx object are
36 * same, checks arguments match #! line, sets itself with right UID, execs
37 * perl with same arguments; perl checks many things and does work.
39 * (Opening the script in perl instead of suidperl, we "lose" scripts that
40 * are readable to the target UID but not to the invoker. Where did
41 * unreadable scripts work anyway?)
43 * For now, suidperl and perl are pretty much the same large and cumbersome
44 * program, so suidperl can check its argument list (see comments elsewhere).
47 * Original bug report:
48 * http://bugs.perl.org/index.html?req=bug_id&bug_id=20010322.218
49 * http://rt.perl.org/rt2/Ticket/Display.html?id=6511
50 * Comments and discussion with Debian:
51 * http://bugs.debian.org/203426
52 * http://bugs.debian.org/220486
53 * Debian Security Advisory DSA 431-1 (does not fully fix problem):
54 * http://www.debian.org/security/2004/dsa-431
56 * http://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CAN-2003-0618
57 * Previous versions of this patch sent to perl5-porters:
58 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg71953.html
59 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75245.html
60 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75563.html
61 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75635.html
63 Paul Szabo - psz@maths.usyd.edu.au http://www.maths.usyd.edu.au:8000/u/psz/
64 School of Mathematics and Statistics University of Sydney 2006 Australia
68 * Use truthful, neat, specific error messages.
69 * Cannot always hide the truth; security must not depend on doing so.
73 * Use global(?), thread-local fdscript for easier checks.
74 * (I do not understand how we could possibly get a thread race:
75 * do not all threads go through the same initialization? Or in
76 * fact, are not threads started only after we get the script and
77 * so know what to do? Oh well, make things super-safe...)
81 #define PERL_IN_PERL_C
83 #include "patchlevel.h" /* for local_patches */
87 char *nw_get_sitelib(const char *pl);
90 /* XXX If this causes problems, set i_unistd=undef in the hint file. */
107 #if !defined(STANDARD_C) && !defined(HAS_GETENV_PROTOTYPE) && !defined(PERL_MICRO)
108 char *getenv (char *); /* Usually in <stdlib.h> */
111 static I32 read_e_script(pTHX_ int idx, SV *buf_sv, int maxlen);
119 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
126 S_init_tls_and_interp(PerlInterpreter *my_perl)
130 PERL_SET_INTERP(my_perl);
131 #if defined(USE_ITHREADS)
134 PERL_SET_THX(my_perl);
136 MUTEX_INIT(&PL_dollarzero_mutex);
140 PERL_SET_THX(my_perl);
144 #ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
146 perl_alloc_using(struct IPerlMem* ipM, struct IPerlMem* ipMS,
147 struct IPerlMem* ipMP, struct IPerlEnv* ipE,
148 struct IPerlStdIO* ipStd, struct IPerlLIO* ipLIO,
149 struct IPerlDir* ipD, struct IPerlSock* ipS,
150 struct IPerlProc* ipP)
152 PerlInterpreter *my_perl;
153 /* New() needs interpreter, so call malloc() instead */
154 my_perl = (PerlInterpreter*)(*ipM->pMalloc)(ipM, sizeof(PerlInterpreter));
155 S_init_tls_and_interp(my_perl);
156 Zero(my_perl, 1, PerlInterpreter);
172 =head1 Embedding Functions
174 =for apidoc perl_alloc
176 Allocates a new Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
184 PerlInterpreter *my_perl;
186 /* New() needs interpreter, so call malloc() instead */
187 my_perl = (PerlInterpreter*)PerlMem_malloc(sizeof(PerlInterpreter));
189 S_init_tls_and_interp(my_perl);
190 return (PerlInterpreter *) ZeroD(my_perl, 1, PerlInterpreter);
192 #endif /* PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS */
195 =for apidoc perl_construct
197 Initializes a new Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
203 perl_construct(pTHXx)
208 PL_perl_destruct_level = 1;
210 if (PL_perl_destruct_level > 0)
213 /* Init the real globals (and main thread)? */
215 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling; /* needed by ckWARN, right away */
217 PL_linestr = NEWSV(65,79);
218 sv_upgrade(PL_linestr,SVt_PVIV);
220 if (!SvREADONLY(&PL_sv_undef)) {
221 /* set read-only and try to insure than we wont see REFCNT==0
224 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_undef);
225 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_undef) = (~(U32)0)/2;
227 sv_setpv(&PL_sv_no,PL_No);
228 /* value lookup in void context - happens to have the side effect
229 of caching the numeric forms. */
232 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_no);
233 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_no) = (~(U32)0)/2;
235 sv_setpv(&PL_sv_yes,PL_Yes);
238 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_yes);
239 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_yes) = (~(U32)0)/2;
241 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_placeholder);
242 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_placeholder) = (~(U32)0)/2;
245 PL_sighandlerp = Perl_sighandler;
246 PL_pidstatus = newHV();
249 PL_rs = newSVpvn("\n", 1);
254 PL_lex_state = LEX_NOTPARSING;
260 SET_NUMERIC_STANDARD();
262 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
263 PL_localpatches = local_patches; /* For possible -v */
266 #ifdef HAVE_INTERP_INTERN
270 PerlIO_init(aTHX); /* Hook to IO system */
272 PL_fdpid = newAV(); /* for remembering popen pids by fd */
273 PL_modglobal = newHV(); /* pointers to per-interpreter module globals */
274 PL_errors = newSVpvn("",0);
275 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(0), "", 0); /* For regex debugging. */
276 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(1), "", 0); /* ext/re needs these */
277 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(2), "", 0); /* even without DEBUGGING. */
279 PL_regex_padav = newAV();
280 av_push(PL_regex_padav,(SV*)newAV()); /* First entry is an array of empty elements */
281 PL_regex_pad = AvARRAY(PL_regex_padav);
283 #ifdef USE_REENTRANT_API
284 Perl_reentrant_init(aTHX);
287 /* Note that strtab is a rather special HV. Assumptions are made
288 about not iterating on it, and not adding tie magic to it.
289 It is properly deallocated in perl_destruct() */
292 HvSHAREKEYS_off(PL_strtab); /* mandatory */
293 hv_ksplit(PL_strtab, 512);
295 #if defined(__DYNAMIC__) && (defined(NeXT) || defined(__NeXT__))
296 _dyld_lookup_and_bind
297 ("__environ", (unsigned long *) &environ_pointer, NULL);
301 # ifdef USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY
302 PL_origenviron = environ;
306 /* Use sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK) if available, if not
307 * available or if the sysconf() fails, use the HZ.
308 * BeOS has those, but returns the wrong value.
309 * The HZ if not originally defined has been by now
310 * been defined as CLK_TCK, if available. */
311 #if defined(HAS_SYSCONF) && defined(_SC_CLK_TCK) && !defined(__BEOS__)
312 PL_clocktick = sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK);
313 if (PL_clocktick <= 0)
317 PL_stashcache = newHV();
319 PL_patchlevel = newSVpv(
320 Perl_form(aTHX_ "%d.%d.%d",
323 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION ), 0
327 if (!PL_mmap_page_size) {
328 #if defined(HAS_SYSCONF) && (defined(_SC_PAGESIZE) || defined(_SC_MMAP_PAGE_SIZE))
330 SETERRNO(0, SS_NORMAL);
332 PL_mmap_page_size = sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE);
334 PL_mmap_page_size = sysconf(_SC_MMAP_PAGE_SIZE);
336 if ((long) PL_mmap_page_size < 0) {
341 (void) SvUPGRADE(error, SVt_PV);
342 msg = SvPVx(error, n_a);
343 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: sysconf: %s", msg);
346 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: sysconf: pagesize unknown");
350 # ifdef HAS_GETPAGESIZE
351 PL_mmap_page_size = getpagesize();
353 # if defined(I_SYS_PARAM) && defined(PAGESIZE)
354 PL_mmap_page_size = PAGESIZE; /* compiletime, bad */
358 if (PL_mmap_page_size <= 0)
359 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: bad pagesize %" IVdf,
360 (IV) PL_mmap_page_size);
362 #endif /* HAS_MMAP */
364 #if defined(HAS_TIMES) && defined(PERL_NEED_TIMESBASE)
365 PL_timesbase.tms_utime = 0;
366 PL_timesbase.tms_stime = 0;
367 PL_timesbase.tms_cutime = 0;
368 PL_timesbase.tms_cstime = 0;
375 =for apidoc nothreadhook
377 Stub that provides thread hook for perl_destruct when there are
384 Perl_nothreadhook(pTHX)
390 =for apidoc perl_destruct
392 Shuts down a Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
401 volatile int destruct_level; /* 0=none, 1=full, 2=full with checks */
404 /* wait for all pseudo-forked children to finish */
405 PERL_WAIT_FOR_CHILDREN;
407 destruct_level = PL_perl_destruct_level;
411 if ((s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL"))) {
412 const int i = atoi(s);
413 if (destruct_level < i)
419 if (PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_DESTRUCT_END) {
424 if (PL_endav && !PL_minus_c)
425 call_list(PL_scopestack_ix, PL_endav);
431 /* Need to flush since END blocks can produce output */
434 if (CALL_FPTR(PL_threadhook)(aTHX)) {
435 /* Threads hook has vetoed further cleanup */
436 return STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
439 /* We must account for everything. */
441 /* Destroy the main CV and syntax tree */
443 /* ensure comppad/curpad to refer to main's pad */
444 if (CvPADLIST(PL_main_cv)) {
445 PAD_SET_CUR_NOSAVE(CvPADLIST(PL_main_cv), 1);
447 op_free(PL_main_root);
448 PL_main_root = Nullop;
450 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
451 PL_main_start = Nullop;
452 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_main_cv);
456 /* Tell PerlIO we are about to tear things apart in case
457 we have layers which are using resources that should
461 PerlIO_destruct(aTHX);
463 if (PL_sv_objcount) {
465 * Try to destruct global references. We do this first so that the
466 * destructors and destructees still exist. Some sv's might remain.
467 * Non-referenced objects are on their own.
473 /* unhook hooks which will soon be, or use, destroyed data */
474 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_warnhook);
475 PL_warnhook = Nullsv;
476 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_diehook);
479 /* call exit list functions */
480 while (PL_exitlistlen-- > 0)
481 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].fn(aTHX_ PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].ptr);
483 Safefree(PL_exitlist);
488 if (destruct_level == 0){
490 DEBUG_P(debprofdump());
492 #if defined(PERLIO_LAYERS)
493 /* No more IO - including error messages ! */
494 PerlIO_cleanup(aTHX);
497 /* The exit() function will do everything that needs doing. */
498 return STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
501 /* jettison our possibly duplicated environment */
502 /* if PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV is defined environ will not have been copied
503 * so we certainly shouldn't free it here
506 #if defined(USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY) && !defined(PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV)
507 if (environ != PL_origenviron && !PL_use_safe_putenv
509 /* only main thread can free environ[0] contents */
510 && PL_curinterp == aTHX
516 for (i = 0; environ[i]; i++)
517 safesysfree(environ[i]);
519 /* Must use safesysfree() when working with environ. */
520 safesysfree(environ);
522 environ = PL_origenviron;
525 #endif /* !PERL_MICRO */
527 /* reset so print() ends up where we expect */
531 /* the syntax tree is shared between clones
532 * so op_free(PL_main_root) only ReREFCNT_dec's
533 * REGEXPs in the parent interpreter
534 * we need to manually ReREFCNT_dec for the clones
537 I32 i = AvFILLp(PL_regex_padav) + 1;
538 SV **ary = AvARRAY(PL_regex_padav);
542 REGEXP *re = INT2PTR(REGEXP *,SvIVX(resv));
544 if (SvFLAGS(resv) & SVf_BREAK) {
545 /* this is PL_reg_curpm, already freed
546 * flag is set in regexec.c:S_regtry
548 SvFLAGS(resv) &= ~SVf_BREAK;
550 else if(SvREPADTMP(resv)) {
551 SvREPADTMP_off(resv);
558 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_regex_padav);
559 PL_regex_padav = Nullav;
563 SvREFCNT_dec((SV*) PL_stashcache);
564 PL_stashcache = NULL;
566 /* loosen bonds of global variables */
569 (void)PerlIO_close(PL_rsfp);
573 /* Filters for program text */
574 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rsfp_filters);
575 PL_rsfp_filters = Nullav;
578 PL_preprocess = FALSE;
584 PL_doswitches = FALSE;
585 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_OFF;
586 PL_doextract = FALSE;
587 PL_sawampersand = FALSE; /* must save all match strings */
590 Safefree(PL_inplace);
592 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_patchlevel);
595 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
596 PL_e_script = Nullsv;
601 /* magical thingies */
603 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ofs_sv); /* $, */
606 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ors_sv); /* $\ */
609 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rs); /* $/ */
612 PL_multiline = 0; /* $* */
613 Safefree(PL_osname); /* $^O */
616 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_statname);
617 PL_statname = Nullsv;
620 /* defgv, aka *_ should be taken care of elsewhere */
622 /* clean up after study() */
623 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_lastscream);
624 PL_lastscream = Nullsv;
625 Safefree(PL_screamfirst);
627 Safefree(PL_screamnext);
631 Safefree(PL_efloatbuf);
632 PL_efloatbuf = Nullch;
635 /* startup and shutdown function lists */
636 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_beginav);
637 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_beginav_save);
638 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_endav);
639 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_checkav);
640 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_checkav_save);
641 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_initav);
643 PL_beginav_save = Nullav;
646 PL_checkav_save = Nullav;
649 /* shortcuts just get cleared */
655 PL_argvoutgv = Nullgv;
657 PL_stderrgv = Nullgv;
658 PL_last_in_gv = Nullgv;
663 PL_DBsingle = Nullsv;
665 PL_DBsignal = Nullsv;
666 PL_DBassertion = Nullsv;
669 PL_debstash = Nullhv;
671 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_argvout_stack);
672 PL_argvout_stack = Nullav;
674 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_modglobal);
675 PL_modglobal = Nullhv;
676 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_preambleav);
677 PL_preambleav = Nullav;
678 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_subname);
680 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_linestr);
682 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_pidstatus);
683 PL_pidstatus = Nullhv;
684 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_toptarget);
685 PL_toptarget = Nullsv;
686 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_bodytarget);
687 PL_bodytarget = Nullsv;
688 PL_formtarget = Nullsv;
690 /* free locale stuff */
691 #ifdef USE_LOCALE_COLLATE
692 Safefree(PL_collation_name);
693 PL_collation_name = Nullch;
696 #ifdef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC
697 Safefree(PL_numeric_name);
698 PL_numeric_name = Nullch;
699 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_numeric_radix_sv);
700 PL_numeric_radix_sv = Nullsv;
703 /* clear utf8 character classes */
704 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alnum);
705 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alnumc);
706 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_ascii);
707 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alpha);
708 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_space);
709 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_cntrl);
710 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_graph);
711 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_digit);
712 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_upper);
713 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_lower);
714 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_print);
715 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_punct);
716 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_xdigit);
717 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_mark);
718 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_toupper);
719 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_totitle);
720 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_tolower);
721 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_tofold);
722 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_idstart);
723 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_idcont);
724 PL_utf8_alnum = Nullsv;
725 PL_utf8_alnumc = Nullsv;
726 PL_utf8_ascii = Nullsv;
727 PL_utf8_alpha = Nullsv;
728 PL_utf8_space = Nullsv;
729 PL_utf8_cntrl = Nullsv;
730 PL_utf8_graph = Nullsv;
731 PL_utf8_digit = Nullsv;
732 PL_utf8_upper = Nullsv;
733 PL_utf8_lower = Nullsv;
734 PL_utf8_print = Nullsv;
735 PL_utf8_punct = Nullsv;
736 PL_utf8_xdigit = Nullsv;
737 PL_utf8_mark = Nullsv;
738 PL_utf8_toupper = Nullsv;
739 PL_utf8_totitle = Nullsv;
740 PL_utf8_tolower = Nullsv;
741 PL_utf8_tofold = Nullsv;
742 PL_utf8_idstart = Nullsv;
743 PL_utf8_idcont = Nullsv;
745 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
746 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
747 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = Nullsv;
748 if (!specialCopIO(PL_compiling.cop_io))
749 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_io);
750 PL_compiling.cop_io = Nullsv;
751 CopFILE_free(&PL_compiling);
752 CopSTASH_free(&PL_compiling);
754 /* Prepare to destruct main symbol table. */
759 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_curstname);
760 PL_curstname = Nullsv;
762 /* clear queued errors */
763 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_errors);
767 if (destruct_level >= 2 && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL)) {
768 if (PL_scopestack_ix != 0)
769 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
770 "Unbalanced scopes: %ld more ENTERs than LEAVEs\n",
771 (long)PL_scopestack_ix);
772 if (PL_savestack_ix != 0)
773 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
774 "Unbalanced saves: %ld more saves than restores\n",
775 (long)PL_savestack_ix);
776 if (PL_tmps_floor != -1)
777 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Unbalanced tmps: %ld more allocs than frees\n",
778 (long)PL_tmps_floor + 1);
779 if (cxstack_ix != -1)
780 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Unbalanced context: %ld more PUSHes than POPs\n",
781 (long)cxstack_ix + 1);
784 /* Now absolutely destruct everything, somehow or other, loops or no. */
785 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) |= SVTYPEMASK; /* don't clean out pid table now */
786 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) |= SVTYPEMASK; /* don't clean out strtab now */
788 /* the 2 is for PL_fdpid and PL_strtab */
789 while (PL_sv_count > 2 && sv_clean_all())
792 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) &= ~SVTYPEMASK;
793 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) |= SVt_PVAV;
794 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) &= ~SVTYPEMASK;
795 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) |= SVt_PVHV;
797 AvREAL_off(PL_fdpid); /* no surviving entries */
798 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_fdpid); /* needed in io_close() */
801 #ifdef HAVE_INTERP_INTERN
805 /* Destruct the global string table. */
807 /* Yell and reset the HeVAL() slots that are still holding refcounts,
808 * so that sv_free() won't fail on them.
816 max = HvMAX(PL_strtab);
817 array = HvARRAY(PL_strtab);
820 if (hent && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL)) {
821 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
822 "Unbalanced string table refcount: (%d) for \"%s\"",
823 HeVAL(hent) - Nullsv, HeKEY(hent));
824 HeVAL(hent) = Nullsv;
834 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_strtab);
837 /* free the pointer table used for cloning */
838 ptr_table_free(PL_ptr_table);
839 PL_ptr_table = (PTR_TBL_t*)NULL;
842 /* free special SVs */
844 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_yes) = 0;
845 sv_clear(&PL_sv_yes);
846 SvANY(&PL_sv_yes) = NULL;
847 SvFLAGS(&PL_sv_yes) = 0;
849 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_no) = 0;
851 SvANY(&PL_sv_no) = NULL;
852 SvFLAGS(&PL_sv_no) = 0;
856 for (i=0; i<=2; i++) {
857 SvREFCNT(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = 0;
858 sv_clear(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i));
859 SvANY(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = NULL;
860 SvFLAGS(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = 0;
864 if (PL_sv_count != 0 && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
865 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Scalars leaked: %ld\n", (long)PL_sv_count);
867 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS
868 if (PL_sv_count != 0) {
873 for (sva = PL_sv_arenaroot; sva; sva = (SV*)SvANY(sva)) {
874 svend = &sva[SvREFCNT(sva)];
875 for (sv = sva + 1; sv < svend; ++sv) {
876 if (SvTYPE(sv) != SVTYPEMASK) {
877 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "leaked: sv=0x%p"
879 " refcnt=%"UVuf pTHX__FORMAT "\n"
880 "\tallocated at %s:%d %s %s%s\n",
881 sv, sv->sv_flags, sv->sv_refcnt pTHX__VALUE,
882 sv->sv_debug_file ? sv->sv_debug_file : "(unknown)",
884 sv->sv_debug_inpad ? "for" : "by",
885 sv->sv_debug_optype ?
886 PL_op_name[sv->sv_debug_optype]: "(none)",
887 sv->sv_debug_cloned ? " (cloned)" : ""
897 #if defined(PERLIO_LAYERS)
898 /* No more IO - including error messages ! */
899 PerlIO_cleanup(aTHX);
902 /* sv_undef needs to stay immortal until after PerlIO_cleanup
903 as currently layers use it rather than Nullsv as a marker
904 for no arg - and will try and SvREFCNT_dec it.
906 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_undef) = 0;
907 SvREADONLY_off(&PL_sv_undef);
909 Safefree(PL_origfilename);
910 PL_origfilename = Nullch;
911 Safefree(PL_reg_start_tmp);
912 PL_reg_start_tmp = (char**)NULL;
913 PL_reg_start_tmpl = 0;
915 Safefree(PL_reg_curpm);
916 Safefree(PL_reg_poscache);
918 Safefree(PL_op_mask);
919 Safefree(PL_psig_ptr);
920 PL_psig_ptr = (SV**)NULL;
921 Safefree(PL_psig_name);
922 PL_psig_name = (SV**)NULL;
923 Safefree(PL_bitcount);
924 PL_bitcount = Nullch;
925 Safefree(PL_psig_pend);
926 PL_psig_pend = (int*)NULL;
927 PL_formfeed = Nullsv;
932 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
933 PL_hints = 0; /* Reset hints. Should hints be per-interpreter ? */
936 DEBUG_P(debprofdump());
938 #ifdef USE_REENTRANT_API
939 Perl_reentrant_free(aTHX);
944 /* As the absolutely last thing, free the non-arena SV for mess() */
947 /* it could have accumulated taint magic */
948 if (SvTYPE(PL_mess_sv) >= SVt_PVMG) {
951 for (mg = SvMAGIC(PL_mess_sv); mg; mg = moremagic) {
952 moremagic = mg->mg_moremagic;
953 if (mg->mg_ptr && mg->mg_type != PERL_MAGIC_regex_global
955 Safefree(mg->mg_ptr);
959 /* we know that type >= SVt_PV */
960 SvOOK_off(PL_mess_sv);
961 Safefree(SvPVX(PL_mess_sv));
962 Safefree(SvANY(PL_mess_sv));
963 Safefree(PL_mess_sv);
966 return STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
970 =for apidoc perl_free
972 Releases a Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
980 #if defined(WIN32) || defined(NETWARE)
981 # if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS)
983 void *host = nw_internal_host;
985 void *host = w32_internal_host;
989 nw_delete_internal_host(host);
991 win32_delete_internal_host(host);
1001 #if defined(USE_5005THREADS) || defined(USE_ITHREADS)
1002 /* provide destructors to clean up the thread key when libperl is unloaded */
1003 #ifndef WIN32 /* handled during DLL_PROCESS_DETACH in win32/perllib.c */
1005 #if defined(__hpux) && !defined(__GNUC__)
1006 #pragma fini "perl_fini"
1009 #if defined(__GNUC__) && defined(__attribute__)
1010 /* want to make sure __attribute__ works here even
1011 * for -Dd_attribut=undef builds.
1013 #undef __attribute__
1016 static void __attribute__((destructor))
1025 #endif /* THREADS */
1028 Perl_call_atexit(pTHX_ ATEXIT_t fn, void *ptr)
1030 Renew(PL_exitlist, PL_exitlistlen+1, PerlExitListEntry);
1031 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].fn = fn;
1032 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].ptr = ptr;
1036 #ifdef HAS_PROCSELFEXE
1037 /* This is a function so that we don't hold on to MAXPATHLEN
1038 bytes of stack longer than necessary
1041 S_procself_val(pTHX_ SV *sv, const char *arg0)
1043 char buf[MAXPATHLEN];
1044 int len = readlink(PROCSELFEXE_PATH, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);
1046 /* On Playstation2 Linux V1.0 (kernel 2.2.1) readlink(/proc/self/exe)
1047 includes a spurious NUL which will cause $^X to fail in system
1048 or backticks (this will prevent extensions from being built and
1049 many tests from working). readlink is not meant to add a NUL.
1050 Normal readlink works fine.
1052 if (len > 0 && buf[len-1] == '\0') {
1056 /* FreeBSD's implementation is acknowledged to be imperfect, sometimes
1057 returning the text "unknown" from the readlink rather than the path
1058 to the executable (or returning an error from the readlink). Any valid
1059 path has a '/' in it somewhere, so use that to validate the result.
1060 See http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/query-pr.cgi?pr=35703
1062 if (len > 0 && memchr(buf, '/', len)) {
1063 sv_setpvn(sv,buf,len);
1069 #endif /* HAS_PROCSELFEXE */
1072 S_set_caret_X(pTHX) {
1073 GV* tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("\030",TRUE, SVt_PV); /* $^X */
1075 #ifdef HAS_PROCSELFEXE
1076 S_procself_val(aTHX_ GvSV(tmpgv), PL_origargv[0]);
1079 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv), os2_execname(aTHX));
1081 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv),PL_origargv[0]);
1088 =for apidoc perl_parse
1090 Tells a Perl interpreter to parse a Perl script. See L<perlembed>.
1096 perl_parse(pTHXx_ XSINIT_t xsinit, int argc, char **argv, char **env)
1103 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
1106 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "suidperl is no longer needed since the kernel can now execute\n\
1107 setuid perl scripts securely.\n");
1108 #endif /* IAMSUID */
1111 #if defined(USE_HASH_SEED) || defined(USE_HASH_SEED_EXPLICIT)
1112 /* [perl #22371] Algorimic Complexity Attack on Perl 5.6.1, 5.8.0
1113 * This MUST be done before any hash stores or fetches take place.
1114 * If you set PL_rehash_seed (and assumedly also PL_rehash_seed_set)
1115 * yourself, it is your responsibility to provide a good random seed!
1116 * You can also define PERL_HASH_SEED in compile time, see hv.h. */
1117 if (!PL_rehash_seed_set)
1118 PL_rehash_seed = get_hash_seed();
1120 char *s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_HASH_SEED_DEBUG");
1126 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "HASH_SEED = %"UVuf"\n",
1130 #endif /* #if defined(USE_HASH_SEED) || defined(USE_HASH_SEED_EXPLICIT) */
1136 /* Set PL_origalen be the sum of the contiguous argv[]
1137 * elements plus the size of the env in case that it is
1138 * contiguous with the argv[]. This is used in mg.c:Perl_magic_set()
1139 * as the maximum modifiable length of $0. In the worst case
1140 * the area we are able to modify is limited to the size of
1141 * the original argv[0]. (See below for 'contiguous', though.)
1143 const char *s = NULL;
1146 ~(UV)(PTRSIZE == 4 ? 3 : PTRSIZE == 8 ? 7 : PTRSIZE == 16 ? 15 : 0);
1147 /* Do the mask check only if the args seem like aligned. */
1149 (mask < ~(UV)0) && ((PTR2UV(argv[0]) & mask) == PTR2UV(argv[0]));
1151 /* See if all the arguments are contiguous in memory. Note
1152 * that 'contiguous' is a loose term because some platforms
1153 * align the argv[] and the envp[]. If the arguments look
1154 * like non-aligned, assume that they are 'strictly' or
1155 * 'traditionally' contiguous. If the arguments look like
1156 * aligned, we just check that they are within aligned
1157 * PTRSIZE bytes. As long as no system has something bizarre
1158 * like the argv[] interleaved with some other data, we are
1159 * fine. (Did I just evoke Murphy's Law?) --jhi */
1160 if (PL_origargv && PL_origargc >= 1 && (s = PL_origargv[0])) {
1162 for (i = 1; i < PL_origargc; i++) {
1163 if ((PL_origargv[i] == s + 1
1165 || PL_origargv[i] == s + 2
1170 (PL_origargv[i] > s &&
1172 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1182 /* Can we grab env area too to be used as the area for $0? */
1183 if (PL_origenviron) {
1184 if ((PL_origenviron[0] == s + 1
1186 || (PL_origenviron[0] == s + 9 && (s += 8))
1191 (PL_origenviron[0] > s &&
1192 PL_origenviron[0] <=
1193 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1197 s = PL_origenviron[0];
1200 my_setenv("NoNe SuCh", Nullch);
1201 /* Force copy of environment. */
1202 for (i = 1; PL_origenviron[i]; i++) {
1203 if (PL_origenviron[i] == s + 1
1206 (PL_origenviron[i] > s &&
1207 PL_origenviron[i] <=
1208 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1211 s = PL_origenviron[i];
1219 PL_origalen = s - PL_origargv[0] + 1;
1224 /* Come here if running an undumped a.out. */
1226 PL_origfilename = savepv(argv[0]);
1227 PL_do_undump = FALSE;
1228 cxstack_ix = -1; /* start label stack again */
1230 assert (!PL_tainted);
1232 S_set_caret_X(aTHX);
1234 init_postdump_symbols(argc,argv,env);
1239 op_free(PL_main_root);
1240 PL_main_root = Nullop;
1242 PL_main_start = Nullop;
1243 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_main_cv);
1244 PL_main_cv = Nullcv;
1247 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
1248 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_OFF;
1253 parse_body(env,xsinit);
1255 call_list(oldscope, PL_checkav);
1262 /* my_exit() was called */
1263 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
1266 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
1268 call_list(oldscope, PL_checkav);
1269 ret = STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
1272 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: top_env\n");
1281 S_parse_body(pTHX_ char **env, XSINIT_t xsinit)
1284 int argc = PL_origargc;
1285 char **argv = PL_origargv;
1286 const char *scriptname = NULL;
1287 VOL bool dosearch = FALSE;
1288 const char *validarg = "";
1291 const char *cddir = Nullch;
1292 bool minus_f = FALSE;
1296 sv_setpvn(PL_linestr,"",0);
1297 sv = newSVpvn("",0); /* first used for -I flags */
1301 for (argc--,argv++; argc > 0; argc--,argv++) {
1302 if (argv[0][0] != '-' || !argv[0][1])
1306 validarg = " PHOOEY ";
1310 * Can we rely on the kernel to start scripts with argv[1] set to
1311 * contain all #! line switches (the whole line)? (argv[0] is set to
1312 * the interpreter name, argv[2] to the script name; argv[3] and
1313 * above may contain other arguments.)
1320 #ifndef PERL_STRICT_CR
1345 if ((s = moreswitches(s)))
1350 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('t');
1351 if( !PL_tainting ) {
1352 PL_taint_warn = TRUE;
1358 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('T');
1360 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
1365 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1366 /* ignore -e for Dev:Pseudo argument */
1367 if (argv[1] && !strcmp(argv[1], "Dev:Pseudo"))
1372 PL_e_script = newSVpvn("",0);
1373 filter_add(read_e_script, NULL);
1376 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, s);
1378 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, argv[1]);
1382 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No code specified for -e");
1383 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, "\n");
1391 case 'I': /* -I handled both here and in moreswitches() */
1393 if (!*++s && (s=argv[1]) != Nullch) {
1398 STRLEN len = strlen(s);
1399 p = savepvn(s, len);
1400 incpush(p, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE, FALSE);
1401 sv_catpvn(sv, "-I", 2);
1402 sv_catpvn(sv, p, len);
1403 sv_catpvn(sv, " ", 1);
1407 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No directory specified for -I");
1411 PL_preprocess = TRUE;
1421 PL_preambleav = newAV();
1422 av_push(PL_preambleav, newSVpv("use Config qw(myconfig config_vars)",0));
1426 PL_Sv = newSVpv("print myconfig();",0);
1428 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"print \"\\nCharacteristics of this PERLSHR image: \\n\",");
1430 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"print \"\\nCharacteristics of this binary (from libperl): \\n\",");
1432 opts = SvCUR(PL_Sv);
1434 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"\" Compile-time options:");
1436 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," DEBUGGING");
1438 # ifdef MULTIPLICITY
1439 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," MULTIPLICITY");
1441 # ifdef USE_5005THREADS
1442 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_5005THREADS");
1444 # ifdef USE_ITHREADS
1445 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_ITHREADS");
1447 # ifdef USE_64_BIT_INT
1448 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_64_BIT_INT");
1450 # ifdef USE_64_BIT_ALL
1451 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_64_BIT_ALL");
1453 # ifdef USE_LONG_DOUBLE
1454 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_LONG_DOUBLE");
1456 # ifdef USE_LARGE_FILES
1457 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_LARGE_FILES");
1460 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_SOCKS");
1462 # ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
1463 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_SITECUSTOMIZE");
1465 # ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
1466 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT");
1468 # ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
1469 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS");
1472 while (SvCUR(PL_Sv) > opts+76) {
1473 /* find last space after "options: " and before col 76 */
1476 char *pv = SvPV_nolen(PL_Sv);
1477 const char c = pv[opts+76];
1479 space = strrchr(pv+opts+26, ' ');
1481 if (!space) break; /* "Can't happen" */
1483 /* break the line before that space */
1486 sv_insert(PL_Sv, opts, 0,
1490 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"\\n\",");
1492 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
1493 if (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT > 0) {
1495 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"\" Locally applied patches:\\n\",");
1496 for (i = 1; i <= LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT; i++) {
1497 if (PL_localpatches[i])
1498 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ PL_Sv,"q%c\t%s\n%c,",
1499 0, PL_localpatches[i], 0);
1503 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ PL_Sv,"\" Built under %s\\n\"",OSNAME);
1506 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ PL_Sv,",\" Compiled at %s %s\\n\"",__DATE__,__TIME__);
1508 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ PL_Sv,",\" Compiled on %s\\n\"",__DATE__);
1511 sv_catpv(PL_Sv, "; \
1513 @env = map { \"$_=\\\"$ENV{$_}\\\"\" } sort grep {/^PERL/} keys %ENV; ");
1516 push @env, \"CYGWIN=\\\"$ENV{CYGWIN}\\\"\";");
1519 print \" \\%ENV:\\n @env\\n\" if @env; \
1520 print \" \\@INC:\\n @INC\\n\";");
1523 PL_Sv = newSVpv("config_vars(qw(",0);
1524 sv_catpv(PL_Sv, ++s);
1525 sv_catpv(PL_Sv, "))");
1528 av_push(PL_preambleav, PL_Sv);
1529 scriptname = BIT_BUCKET; /* don't look for script or read stdin */
1532 PL_doextract = TRUE;
1540 if (!*++s || isSPACE(*s)) {
1544 /* catch use of gnu style long options */
1545 if (strEQ(s, "version")) {
1549 if (strEQ(s, "help")) {
1556 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Unrecognized switch: -%s (-h will show valid options)",s);
1562 #ifndef SECURE_INTERNAL_GETENV
1565 (s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL5OPT")))
1567 const char *popt = s;
1570 if (*s == '-' && *(s+1) == 'T') {
1571 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('T');
1573 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
1576 char *popt_copy = Nullch;
1589 if (!strchr("DIMUdmtwA", *s))
1590 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Illegal switch in PERL5OPT: -%c", *s);
1594 popt_copy = SvPVX(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(popt,0)));
1595 s = popt_copy + (s - popt);
1596 d = popt_copy + (d - popt);
1603 if( !PL_tainting ) {
1604 PL_taint_warn = TRUE;
1614 #ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
1617 PL_preambleav = newAV();
1618 av_unshift(PL_preambleav, 1);
1619 (void)av_store(PL_preambleav, 0, Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "BEGIN { do '%s/sitecustomize.pl' }", SITELIB_EXP));
1623 if (PL_taint_warn && PL_dowarn != G_WARN_ALL_OFF) {
1624 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = newSVpvn(WARN_TAINTstring, WARNsize);
1628 scriptname = argv[0];
1631 scriptname = BIT_BUCKET; /* don't look for script or read stdin */
1633 else if (scriptname == Nullch) {
1635 if ( PerlLIO_isatty(PerlIO_fileno(PerlIO_stdin())) )
1641 /* Set $^X early so that it can be used for relocatable paths in @INC */
1642 assert (!PL_tainted);
1644 S_set_caret_X(aTHX);
1648 open_script(scriptname,dosearch,sv);
1650 validate_suid(validarg, scriptname);
1653 #if defined(SIGCHLD) || defined(SIGCLD)
1656 # define SIGCHLD SIGCLD
1658 Sighandler_t sigstate = rsignal_state(SIGCHLD);
1659 if (sigstate == SIG_IGN) {
1660 if (ckWARN(WARN_SIGNAL))
1661 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_SIGNAL),
1662 "Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default");
1663 (void)rsignal(SIGCHLD, (Sighandler_t)SIG_DFL);
1669 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1670 if (PL_doextract || gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
1675 if (cddir && PerlDir_chdir( (char *)cddir ) < 0)
1676 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't chdir to %s",cddir);
1680 PL_main_cv = PL_compcv = (CV*)NEWSV(1104,0);
1681 sv_upgrade((SV *)PL_compcv, SVt_PVCV);
1682 CvUNIQUE_on(PL_compcv);
1684 CvPADLIST(PL_compcv) = pad_new(0);
1685 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
1686 CvOWNER(PL_compcv) = 0;
1687 New(666, CvMUTEXP(PL_compcv), 1, perl_mutex);
1688 MUTEX_INIT(CvMUTEXP(PL_compcv));
1689 #endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
1692 boot_core_UNIVERSAL();
1693 boot_core_xsutils();
1696 (*xsinit)(aTHX); /* in case linked C routines want magical variables */
1698 #if defined(VMS) || defined(WIN32) || defined(DJGPP) || defined(__CYGWIN__) || defined(EPOC)
1704 # ifdef HAS_SOCKS5_INIT
1705 socks5_init(argv[0]);
1711 init_predump_symbols();
1712 /* init_postdump_symbols not currently designed to be called */
1713 /* more than once (ENV isn't cleared first, for example) */
1714 /* But running with -u leaves %ENV & @ARGV undefined! XXX */
1716 init_postdump_symbols(argc,argv,env);
1718 /* PL_unicode is turned on by -C, or by $ENV{PERL_UNICODE},
1719 * or explicitly in some platforms.
1720 * locale.c:Perl_init_i18nl10n() if the environment
1721 * look like the user wants to use UTF-8. */
1722 #if defined(SYMBIAN)
1723 PL_unicode = PERL_UNICODE_STD_FLAG; /* See PERL_SYMBIAN_CONSOLE_UTF8. */
1726 /* Requires init_predump_symbols(). */
1727 if (!(PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_LOCALE_FLAG) || PL_utf8locale) {
1732 /* Turn on UTF-8-ness on STDIN, STDOUT, STDERR
1733 * and the default open disciplines. */
1734 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDIN_FLAG) &&
1735 PL_stdingv && (io = GvIO(PL_stdingv)) &&
1737 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
1738 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDOUT_FLAG) &&
1739 PL_defoutgv && (io = GvIO(PL_defoutgv)) &&
1741 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
1742 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDERR_FLAG) &&
1743 PL_stderrgv && (io = GvIO(PL_stderrgv)) &&
1745 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
1746 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_INOUT_FLAG) &&
1747 (sv = GvSV(gv_fetchpv("\017PEN", TRUE, SVt_PV)))) {
1748 U32 in = PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_IN_FLAG;
1749 U32 out = PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_OUT_FLAG;
1752 sv_setpvn(sv, ":utf8\0:utf8", 11);
1754 sv_setpvn(sv, ":utf8\0", 6);
1757 sv_setpvn(sv, "\0:utf8", 6);
1763 if ((s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_SIGNALS"))) {
1764 if (strEQ(s, "unsafe"))
1765 PL_signals |= PERL_SIGNALS_UNSAFE_FLAG;
1766 else if (strEQ(s, "safe"))
1767 PL_signals &= ~PERL_SIGNALS_UNSAFE_FLAG;
1769 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "PERL_SIGNALS illegal: \"%s\"", s);
1774 /* now parse the script */
1776 SETERRNO(0,SS_NORMAL);
1778 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1779 if (gMacPerl_SyntaxError = (yyparse() || PL_error_count)) {
1781 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s had compilation errors.\n", MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
1783 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Execution of %s aborted due to compilation errors.\n",
1784 MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
1788 if (yyparse() || PL_error_count) {
1790 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s had compilation errors.\n", PL_origfilename);
1792 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Execution of %s aborted due to compilation errors.\n",
1797 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, 0);
1798 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
1799 PL_preprocess = FALSE;
1801 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
1802 PL_e_script = Nullsv;
1809 SAVECOPFILE(PL_curcop);
1810 SAVECOPLINE(PL_curcop);
1811 gv_check(PL_defstash);
1818 if ((s=PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS")) && atoi(s) >= 2)
1819 dump_mstats("after compilation:");
1828 =for apidoc perl_run
1830 Tells a Perl interpreter to run. See L<perlembed>.
1842 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
1850 cxstack_ix = -1; /* start context stack again */
1852 case 0: /* normal completion */
1856 case 2: /* my_exit() */
1857 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
1860 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
1861 if (!(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_DESTRUCT_END) &&
1862 PL_endav && !PL_minus_c)
1863 call_list(oldscope, PL_endav);
1865 if (PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS"))
1866 dump_mstats("after execution: ");
1868 ret = STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
1872 POPSTACK_TO(PL_mainstack);
1875 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: restartop\n");
1887 S_run_body(pTHX_ I32 oldscope)
1889 DEBUG_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "%s $` $& $' support.\n",
1890 PL_sawampersand ? "Enabling" : "Omitting"));
1892 if (!PL_restartop) {
1893 DEBUG_x(dump_all());
1895 PERL_DEBUG(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "\nEXECUTING...\n\n"));
1896 DEBUG_S(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "main thread is 0x%"UVxf"\n",
1900 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1901 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "%s%s syntax OK\n",
1902 (gMacPerl_ErrorFormat ? "# " : ""),
1903 MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
1905 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "%s syntax OK\n", PL_origfilename);
1909 if (PERLDB_SINGLE && PL_DBsingle)
1910 sv_setiv(PL_DBsingle, 1);
1912 call_list(oldscope, PL_initav);
1918 PL_op = PL_restartop;
1922 else if (PL_main_start) {
1923 CvDEPTH(PL_main_cv) = 1;
1924 PL_op = PL_main_start;
1932 =head1 SV Manipulation Functions
1934 =for apidoc p||get_sv
1936 Returns the SV of the specified Perl scalar. If C<create> is set and the
1937 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
1938 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
1944 Perl_get_sv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
1947 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
1948 if (name[1] == '\0' && !isALPHA(name[0])) {
1949 PADOFFSET tmp = find_threadsv(name);
1950 if (tmp != NOT_IN_PAD)
1951 return THREADSV(tmp);
1953 #endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
1954 gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PV);
1961 =head1 Array Manipulation Functions
1963 =for apidoc p||get_av
1965 Returns the AV of the specified Perl array. If C<create> is set and the
1966 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
1967 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
1973 Perl_get_av(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
1975 GV* gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVAV);
1984 =head1 Hash Manipulation Functions
1986 =for apidoc p||get_hv
1988 Returns the HV of the specified Perl hash. If C<create> is set and the
1989 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
1990 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
1996 Perl_get_hv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
1998 GV* gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVHV);
2007 =head1 CV Manipulation Functions
2009 =for apidoc p||get_cv
2011 Returns the CV of the specified Perl subroutine. If C<create> is set and
2012 the Perl subroutine does not exist then it will be declared (which has the
2013 same effect as saying C<sub name;>). If C<create> is not set and the
2014 subroutine does not exist then NULL is returned.
2020 Perl_get_cv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
2022 GV* gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVCV);
2023 /* XXX unsafe for threads if eval_owner isn't held */
2024 /* XXX this is probably not what they think they're getting.
2025 * It has the same effect as "sub name;", i.e. just a forward
2027 if (create && !GvCVu(gv))
2028 return newSUB(start_subparse(FALSE, 0),
2029 newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSVpv(name,0)),
2037 /* Be sure to refetch the stack pointer after calling these routines. */
2041 =head1 Callback Functions
2043 =for apidoc p||call_argv
2045 Performs a callback to the specified Perl sub. See L<perlcall>.
2051 Perl_call_argv(pTHX_ const char *sub_name, I32 flags, register char **argv)
2053 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2054 /* null terminated arg list */
2061 XPUSHs(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(*argv,0)));
2066 return call_pv(sub_name, flags);
2070 =for apidoc p||call_pv
2072 Performs a callback to the specified Perl sub. See L<perlcall>.
2078 Perl_call_pv(pTHX_ const char *sub_name, I32 flags)
2079 /* name of the subroutine */
2080 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2082 return call_sv((SV*)get_cv(sub_name, TRUE), flags);
2086 =for apidoc p||call_method
2088 Performs a callback to the specified Perl method. The blessed object must
2089 be on the stack. See L<perlcall>.
2095 Perl_call_method(pTHX_ const char *methname, I32 flags)
2096 /* name of the subroutine */
2097 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2099 return call_sv(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(methname,0)), flags | G_METHOD);
2102 /* May be called with any of a CV, a GV, or an SV containing the name. */
2104 =for apidoc p||call_sv
2106 Performs a callback to the Perl sub whose name is in the SV. See
2113 Perl_call_sv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
2114 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2117 LOGOP myop; /* fake syntax tree node */
2120 volatile I32 retval = 0;
2122 bool oldcatch = CATCH_GET;
2127 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2132 Zero(&myop, 1, LOGOP);
2133 myop.op_next = Nullop;
2134 if (!(flags & G_NOARGS))
2135 myop.op_flags |= OPf_STACKED;
2136 myop.op_flags |= ((flags & G_VOID) ? OPf_WANT_VOID :
2137 (flags & G_ARRAY) ? OPf_WANT_LIST :
2142 EXTEND(PL_stack_sp, 1);
2143 *++PL_stack_sp = sv;
2145 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
2147 if (PERLDB_SUB && PL_curstash != PL_debstash
2148 /* Handle first BEGIN of -d. */
2149 && (PL_DBcv || (PL_DBcv = GvCV(PL_DBsub)))
2150 /* Try harder, since this may have been a sighandler, thus
2151 * curstash may be meaningless. */
2152 && (SvTYPE(sv) != SVt_PVCV || CvSTASH((CV*)sv) != PL_debstash)
2153 && !(flags & G_NODEBUG))
2154 PL_op->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_DB;
2156 if (flags & G_METHOD) {
2157 Zero(&method_op, 1, UNOP);
2158 method_op.op_next = PL_op;
2159 method_op.op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_METHOD];
2160 myop.op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_ENTERSUB];
2161 PL_op = (OP*)&method_op;
2164 if (!(flags & G_EVAL)) {
2166 call_body((OP*)&myop, FALSE);
2167 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2168 CATCH_SET(oldcatch);
2171 myop.op_other = (OP*)&myop;
2173 /* we're trying to emulate pp_entertry() here */
2175 register PERL_CONTEXT *cx;
2176 I32 gimme = GIMME_V;
2181 PUSHBLOCK(cx, (CXt_EVAL|CXp_TRYBLOCK), PL_stack_sp);
2183 PL_eval_root = PL_op; /* Only needed so that goto works right. */
2185 PL_in_eval = EVAL_INEVAL;
2186 if (flags & G_KEEPERR)
2187 PL_in_eval |= EVAL_KEEPERR;
2197 call_body((OP*)&myop, FALSE);
2198 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2199 if (!(flags & G_KEEPERR))
2206 /* my_exit() was called */
2207 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2210 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED))
2211 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Callback called exit");
2216 PL_op = PL_restartop;
2220 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2221 if (flags & G_ARRAY)
2225 *++PL_stack_sp = &PL_sv_undef;
2230 if (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope) {
2234 register PERL_CONTEXT *cx;
2245 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2246 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2256 S_call_body(pTHX_ const OP *myop, bool is_eval)
2258 if (PL_op == myop) {
2260 PL_op = Perl_pp_entereval(aTHX); /* this doesn't do a POPMARK */
2262 PL_op = Perl_pp_entersub(aTHX); /* this does */
2268 /* Eval a string. The G_EVAL flag is always assumed. */
2271 =for apidoc p||eval_sv
2273 Tells Perl to C<eval> the string in the SV.
2279 Perl_eval_sv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
2281 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2284 UNOP myop; /* fake syntax tree node */
2285 volatile I32 oldmark = SP - PL_stack_base;
2286 volatile I32 retval = 0;
2292 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2299 Zero(PL_op, 1, UNOP);
2300 EXTEND(PL_stack_sp, 1);
2301 *++PL_stack_sp = sv;
2302 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
2304 if (!(flags & G_NOARGS))
2305 myop.op_flags = OPf_STACKED;
2306 myop.op_next = Nullop;
2307 myop.op_type = OP_ENTEREVAL;
2308 myop.op_flags |= ((flags & G_VOID) ? OPf_WANT_VOID :
2309 (flags & G_ARRAY) ? OPf_WANT_LIST :
2311 if (flags & G_KEEPERR)
2312 myop.op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL;
2314 /* fail now; otherwise we could fail after the JMPENV_PUSH but
2315 * before a PUSHEVAL, which corrupts the stack after a croak */
2316 TAINT_PROPER("eval_sv()");
2322 call_body((OP*)&myop,TRUE);
2323 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2324 if (!(flags & G_KEEPERR))
2331 /* my_exit() was called */
2332 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2335 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED))
2336 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Callback called exit");
2341 PL_op = PL_restartop;
2345 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2346 if (flags & G_ARRAY)
2350 *++PL_stack_sp = &PL_sv_undef;
2356 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2357 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2367 =for apidoc p||eval_pv
2369 Tells Perl to C<eval> the given string and return an SV* result.
2375 Perl_eval_pv(pTHX_ const char *p, I32 croak_on_error)
2378 SV* sv = newSVpv(p, 0);
2380 eval_sv(sv, G_SCALAR);
2387 if (croak_on_error && SvTRUE(ERRSV)) {
2389 Perl_croak(aTHX_ SvPVx(ERRSV, n_a));
2395 /* Require a module. */
2398 =head1 Embedding Functions
2400 =for apidoc p||require_pv
2402 Tells Perl to C<require> the file named by the string argument. It is
2403 analogous to the Perl code C<eval "require '$file'">. It's even
2404 implemented that way; consider using load_module instead.
2409 Perl_require_pv(pTHX_ const char *pv)
2413 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_REQUIRE);
2415 sv = sv_newmortal();
2416 sv_setpv(sv, "require '");
2419 eval_sv(sv, G_DISCARD);
2425 Perl_magicname(pTHX_ const char *sym, const char *name, I32 namlen)
2429 if ((gv = gv_fetchpv(sym,TRUE, SVt_PV)))
2430 sv_magic(GvSV(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, namlen);
2434 S_usage(pTHX_ const char *name) /* XXX move this out into a module ? */
2436 /* This message really ought to be max 23 lines.
2437 * Removed -h because the user already knows that option. Others? */
2439 static const char * const usage_msg[] = {
2440 "-0[octal] specify record separator (\\0, if no argument)",
2441 "-a autosplit mode with -n or -p (splits $_ into @F)",
2442 "-C[number/list] enables the listed Unicode features",
2443 "-c check syntax only (runs BEGIN and CHECK blocks)",
2444 "-d[:debugger] run program under debugger",
2445 "-D[number/list] set debugging flags (argument is a bit mask or alphabets)",
2446 "-e program one line of program (several -e's allowed, omit programfile)",
2447 "-f don't do $sitelib/sitecustomize.pl at startup",
2448 "-F/pattern/ split() pattern for -a switch (//'s are optional)",
2449 "-i[extension] edit <> files in place (makes backup if extension supplied)",
2450 "-Idirectory specify @INC/#include directory (several -I's allowed)",
2451 "-l[octal] enable line ending processing, specifies line terminator",
2452 "-[mM][-]module execute `use/no module...' before executing program",
2453 "-n assume 'while (<>) { ... }' loop around program",
2454 "-p assume loop like -n but print line also, like sed",
2455 "-P run program through C preprocessor before compilation",
2456 "-s enable rudimentary parsing for switches after programfile",
2457 "-S look for programfile using PATH environment variable",
2458 "-t enable tainting warnings",
2459 "-T enable tainting checks",
2460 "-u dump core after parsing program",
2461 "-U allow unsafe operations",
2462 "-v print version, subversion (includes VERY IMPORTANT perl info)",
2463 "-V[:variable] print configuration summary (or a single Config.pm variable)",
2464 "-w enable many useful warnings (RECOMMENDED)",
2465 "-W enable all warnings",
2466 "-x[directory] strip off text before #!perl line and perhaps cd to directory",
2467 "-X disable all warnings",
2471 const char * const *p = usage_msg;
2473 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2474 "\nUsage: %s [switches] [--] [programfile] [arguments]",
2477 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(), "\n %s", *p++);
2480 /* convert a string of -D options (or digits) into an int.
2481 * sets *s to point to the char after the options */
2485 Perl_get_debug_opts(pTHX_ const char **s, bool givehelp)
2487 static const char * const usage_msgd[] = {
2488 " Debugging flag values: (see also -d)",
2489 " p Tokenizing and parsing (with v, displays parse stack)",
2490 " s Stack snapshots (with v, displays all stacks)",
2491 " l Context (loop) stack processing",
2492 " t Trace execution",
2493 " o Method and overloading resolution",
2494 " c String/numeric conversions",
2495 " P Print profiling info, preprocessor command for -P, source file input state",
2496 " m Memory allocation",
2497 " f Format processing",
2498 " r Regular expression parsing and execution",
2499 " x Syntax tree dump",
2500 " u Tainting checks",
2501 " H Hash dump -- usurps values()",
2502 " X Scratchpad allocation",
2504 " S Thread synchronization",
2506 " R Include reference counts of dumped variables (eg when using -Ds)",
2507 " J Do not s,t,P-debug (Jump over) opcodes within package DB",
2508 " v Verbose: use in conjunction with other flags",
2510 " A Consistency checks on internal structures",
2511 " q quiet - currently only suppresses the 'EXECUTING' message",
2516 /* if adding extra options, remember to update DEBUG_MASK */
2517 static const char debopts[] = "psltocPmfrxu HXDSTRJvCAq";
2519 for (; isALNUM(**s); (*s)++) {
2520 const char *d = strchr(debopts,**s);
2522 i |= 1 << (d - debopts);
2523 else if (ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
2524 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
2525 "invalid option -D%c, use -D'' to see choices\n", **s);
2528 else if (isDIGIT(**s)) {
2530 for (; isALNUM(**s); (*s)++) ;
2532 else if (givehelp) {
2533 const char **p = usage_msgd;
2534 while (*p) PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(), "%s\n", *p++);
2537 if ((i & DEBUG_p_FLAG) && ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
2538 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
2539 "-Dp not implemented on this platform\n");
2545 /* This routine handles any switches that can be given during run */
2548 Perl_moreswitches(pTHX_ char *s)
2559 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rs);
2560 if (s[1] == 'x' && s[2]) {
2564 for (s += 2, e = s; *e; e++);
2566 flags = PERL_SCAN_SILENT_ILLDIGIT;
2567 rschar = (U32)grok_hex(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
2568 if (s + numlen < e) {
2569 rschar = 0; /* Grandfather -0xFOO as -0 -xFOO. */
2573 PL_rs = newSVpvn("", 0);
2574 SvGROW(PL_rs, (STRLEN)(UNISKIP(rschar) + 1));
2575 tmps = (U8*)SvPVX(PL_rs);
2576 uvchr_to_utf8(tmps, rschar);
2577 SvCUR_set(PL_rs, UNISKIP(rschar));
2582 rschar = (U32)grok_oct(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
2583 if (rschar & ~((U8)~0))
2584 PL_rs = &PL_sv_undef;
2585 else if (!rschar && numlen >= 2)
2586 PL_rs = newSVpvn("", 0);
2588 char ch = (char)rschar;
2589 PL_rs = newSVpvn(&ch, 1);
2592 sv_setsv(get_sv("/", TRUE), PL_rs);
2597 PL_unicode = parse_unicode_opts( (const char **)&s );
2602 while (*s && !isSPACE(*s)) ++s;
2604 PL_splitstr = savepv(PL_splitstr);
2618 /* -dt indicates to the debugger that threads will be used */
2619 if (*s == 't' && !isALNUM(s[1])) {
2621 my_setenv("PERL5DB_THREADED", "1");
2624 /* The following permits -d:Mod to accepts arguments following an =
2625 in the fashion that -MSome::Mod does. */
2626 if (*s == ':' || *s == '=') {
2629 sv = newSVpv("use Devel::", 0);
2631 /* We now allow -d:Module=Foo,Bar */
2632 while(isALNUM(*s) || *s==':') ++s;
2634 sv_catpv(sv, start);
2636 sv_catpvn(sv, start, s-start);
2637 sv_catpv(sv, " split(/,/,q{");
2642 my_setenv("PERL5DB", SvPV(sv, PL_na));
2645 PL_perldb = PERLDB_ALL;
2654 PL_debug = get_debug_opts( (const char **)&s, 1) | DEBUG_TOP_FLAG;
2655 #else /* !DEBUGGING */
2656 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
2657 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
2658 "Recompile perl with -DDEBUGGING to use -D switch (did you mean -d ?)\n");
2659 for (s++; isALNUM(*s); s++) ;
2665 usage(PL_origargv[0]);
2669 Safefree(PL_inplace);
2670 #if defined(__CYGWIN__) /* do backup extension automagically */
2671 if (*(s+1) == '\0') {
2672 PL_inplace = savepv(".bak");
2675 #endif /* __CYGWIN__ */
2676 PL_inplace = savepv(s+1);
2678 for (s = PL_inplace; *s && !isSPACE(*s); s++) ;
2681 if (*s == '-') /* Additional switches on #! line. */
2685 case 'I': /* -I handled both here and in parse_body() */
2688 while (*s && isSPACE(*s))
2693 /* ignore trailing spaces (possibly followed by other switches) */
2695 for (e = p; *e && !isSPACE(*e); e++) ;
2699 } while (*p && *p != '-');
2700 e = savepvn(s, e-s);
2701 incpush(e, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE, FALSE);
2708 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No directory specified for -I");
2714 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ors_sv);
2719 PL_ors_sv = newSVpvn("\n",1);
2720 numlen = 3 + (*s == '0');
2721 *SvPVX(PL_ors_sv) = (char)grok_oct(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
2725 if (RsPARA(PL_rs)) {
2726 PL_ors_sv = newSVpvn("\n\n",2);
2729 PL_ors_sv = newSVsv(PL_rs);
2736 PL_preambleav = newAV();
2738 SV *sv = newSVpv("use assertions::activate split(/,/,q", 0);
2739 sv_catpvn(sv, "\0", 1); /* Use NUL as q//-delimiter. */
2741 sv_catpvn(sv, "\0)", 2);
2743 av_push(PL_preambleav, sv);
2746 av_push(PL_preambleav, newSVpvn("use assertions::activate",24));
2749 forbid_setid("-M"); /* XXX ? */
2752 forbid_setid("-m"); /* XXX ? */
2756 const char *use = "use ";
2757 /* -M-foo == 'no foo' */
2758 if (*s == '-') { use = "no "; ++s; }
2759 sv = newSVpv(use,0);
2761 /* We allow -M'Module qw(Foo Bar)' */
2762 while(isALNUM(*s) || *s==':') ++s;
2764 sv_catpv(sv, start);
2765 if (*(start-1) == 'm') {
2767 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use '%c' after -mname", *s);
2768 sv_catpv( sv, " ()");
2772 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Module name required with -%c option",
2774 sv_catpvn(sv, start, s-start);
2775 sv_catpv(sv, " split(/,/,q");
2776 sv_catpvn(sv, "\0)", 1); /* Use NUL as q//-delimiter. */
2778 sv_catpvn(sv, "\0)", 2);
2782 PL_preambleav = newAV();
2783 av_push(PL_preambleav, sv);
2786 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Missing argument to -%c", *(s-1));
2798 PL_doswitches = TRUE;
2812 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2813 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Believe me, you don't want to use \"-u\" on a Macintosh");
2815 PL_do_undump = TRUE;
2823 if (!sv_derived_from(PL_patchlevel, "version"))
2824 (void *)upg_version(PL_patchlevel);
2826 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2827 Perl_form(aTHX_ "\nThis is perl, v%"SVf" built for %s",
2828 vstringify(PL_patchlevel),
2831 /* Adjust verbose output as in the perl that ships with the DG/UX OS from EMC */
2832 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2833 Perl_form(aTHX_ "\nThis is perl, v%"SVf"\n",
2834 vstringify(PL_patchlevel)));
2835 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2836 Perl_form(aTHX_ " built under %s at %s %s\n",
2837 OSNAME, __DATE__, __TIME__));
2838 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2839 Perl_form(aTHX_ " OS Specific Release: %s\n",
2843 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
2844 if (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT > 0)
2845 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2846 "\n(with %d registered patch%s, "
2847 "see perl -V for more detail)",
2848 (int)LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT,
2849 (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT!=1) ? "es" : "");
2852 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2853 "\n\nCopyright 1987-2005, Larry Wall\n");
2854 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2855 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2856 "\nMac OS port Copyright 1991-2002, Matthias Neeracher;\n"
2857 "maintained by Chris Nandor\n");
2860 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2861 "\nMS-DOS port Copyright (c) 1989, 1990, Diomidis Spinellis\n");
2864 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2865 "djgpp v2 port (jpl5003c) by Hirofumi Watanabe, 1996\n"
2866 "djgpp v2 port (perl5004+) by Laszlo Molnar, 1997-1999\n");
2869 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2870 "\n\nOS/2 port Copyright (c) 1990, 1991, Raymond Chen, Kai Uwe Rommel\n"
2871 "Version 5 port Copyright (c) 1994-2002, Andreas Kaiser, Ilya Zakharevich\n");
2874 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2875 "atariST series port, ++jrb bammi@cadence.com\n");
2878 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2879 "BeOS port Copyright Tom Spindler, 1997-1999\n");
2882 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2883 "MPE/iX port Copyright by Mark Klein and Mark Bixby, 1996-2003\n");
2886 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2887 "MVS (OS390) port by Mortice Kern Systems, 1997-1999\n");
2890 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2891 "Stratus VOS port by Paul.Green@stratus.com, 1997-2002\n");
2894 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2895 "VM/ESA port by Neale Ferguson, 1998-1999\n");
2898 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2899 "BS2000 (POSIX) port by Start Amadeus GmbH, 1998-1999\n");
2902 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2903 "MiNT port by Guido Flohr, 1997-1999\n");
2906 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2907 "EPOC port by Olaf Flebbe, 1999-2002\n");
2910 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),"WINCE port by Rainer Keuchel, 2001-2002\n");
2911 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),"Built on " __DATE__ " " __TIME__ "\n\n");
2915 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2916 "Symbian port by Nokia, 2004-2005\n");
2918 #ifdef BINARY_BUILD_NOTICE
2919 BINARY_BUILD_NOTICE;
2921 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2923 Perl may be copied only under the terms of either the Artistic License or the\n\
2924 GNU General Public License, which may be found in the Perl 5 source kit.\n\n\
2925 Complete documentation for Perl, including FAQ lists, should be found on\n\
2926 this system using `man perl' or `perldoc perl'. If you have access to the\n\
2927 Internet, point your browser at http://www.perl.org/, the Perl Home Page.\n\n");
2930 if (! (PL_dowarn & G_WARN_ALL_MASK))
2931 PL_dowarn |= G_WARN_ON;
2935 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_ALL_ON|G_WARN_ON;
2936 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
2937 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
2938 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = pWARN_ALL ;
2942 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_ALL_OFF;
2943 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
2944 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
2945 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = pWARN_NONE ;
2950 if (s[1] == '-') /* Additional switches on #! line. */
2955 #if defined(WIN32) || !defined(PERL_STRICT_CR)
2961 #ifdef ALTERNATE_SHEBANG
2962 case 'S': /* OS/2 needs -S on "extproc" line. */
2970 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't emulate -%.1s on #! line",s);
2975 /* compliments of Tom Christiansen */
2977 /* unexec() can be found in the Gnu emacs distribution */
2978 /* Known to work with -DUNEXEC and using unexelf.c from GNU emacs-20.2 */
2981 Perl_my_unexec(pTHX)
2989 prog = newSVpv(BIN_EXP, 0);
2990 sv_catpv(prog, "/perl");
2991 file = newSVpv(PL_origfilename, 0);
2992 sv_catpv(file, ".perldump");
2994 unexec(SvPVX(file), SvPVX(prog), &etext, sbrk(0), 0);
2995 /* unexec prints msg to stderr in case of failure */
2996 PerlProc_exit(status);
2999 # include <lib$routines.h>
3000 lib$signal(SS$_DEBUG); /* ssdef.h #included from vmsish.h */
3002 ABORT(); /* for use with undump */
3007 /* initialize curinterp */
3013 # define PERLVAR(var,type)
3014 # define PERLVARA(var,n,type)
3015 # if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
3016 # if defined(USE_5005THREADS)
3017 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
3018 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
3019 # else /* !USE_5005THREADS */
3020 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) aTHX->var = init;
3021 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) aTHX->var = init;
3022 # endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
3024 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
3025 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
3027 # include "intrpvar.h"
3028 # ifndef USE_5005THREADS
3029 # include "thrdvar.h"
3036 # define PERLVAR(var,type)
3037 # define PERLVARA(var,n,type)
3038 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PL_##var = init;
3039 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PL_##var = init;
3040 # include "intrpvar.h"
3041 # ifndef USE_5005THREADS
3042 # include "thrdvar.h"
3053 S_init_main_stash(pTHX)
3057 PL_curstash = PL_defstash = newHV();
3058 PL_curstname = newSVpvn("main",4);
3059 gv = gv_fetchpv("main::",TRUE, SVt_PVHV);
3060 SvREFCNT_dec(GvHV(gv));
3061 GvHV(gv) = (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(PL_defstash);
3063 HvNAME(PL_defstash) = savepvn("main", 4);
3064 PL_incgv = gv_HVadd(gv_AVadd(gv_fetchpv("INC",TRUE, SVt_PVAV)));
3065 GvMULTI_on(PL_incgv);
3066 PL_hintgv = gv_fetchpv("\010",TRUE, SVt_PV); /* ^H */
3067 GvMULTI_on(PL_hintgv);
3068 PL_defgv = gv_fetchpv("_",TRUE, SVt_PVAV);
3069 PL_errgv = gv_HVadd(gv_fetchpv("@", TRUE, SVt_PV));
3070 GvMULTI_on(PL_errgv);
3071 PL_replgv = gv_fetchpv("\022", TRUE, SVt_PV); /* ^R */
3072 GvMULTI_on(PL_replgv);
3073 (void)Perl_form(aTHX_ "%240s",""); /* Preallocate temp - for immediate signals. */
3074 sv_grow(ERRSV, 240); /* Preallocate - for immediate signals. */
3075 sv_setpvn(ERRSV, "", 0);
3076 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
3077 CopSTASH_set(&PL_compiling, PL_defstash);
3078 PL_debstash = GvHV(gv_fetchpv("DB::", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
3079 PL_globalstash = GvHV(gv_fetchpv("CORE::GLOBAL::", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
3080 /* We must init $/ before switches are processed. */
3081 sv_setpvn(get_sv("/", TRUE), "\n", 1);
3084 /* PSz 18 Nov 03 fdscript now global but do not change prototype */
3086 S_open_script(pTHX_ const char *scriptname, bool dosearch, SV *sv)
3091 const char *cpp_discard_flag;
3100 PL_origfilename = savepvn("-e", 2);
3103 /* if find_script() returns, it returns a malloc()-ed value */
3104 scriptname = PL_origfilename = find_script(scriptname, dosearch, NULL, 1);
3106 if (strnEQ(scriptname, "/dev/fd/", 8) && isDIGIT(scriptname[8]) ) {
3107 const char *s = scriptname + 8;
3108 PL_fdscript = atoi(s);
3113 * Tell apart "normal" usage of fdscript, e.g.
3114 * with bash on FreeBSD:
3115 * perl <( echo '#!perl -DA'; echo 'print "$0\n"')
3116 * from usage in suidperl.
3117 * Does any "normal" usage leave garbage after the number???
3118 * Is it a mistake to use a similar /dev/fd/ construct for
3123 * Be supersafe and do some sanity-checks.
3124 * Still, can we be sure we got the right thing?
3127 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Wrong syntax (suid) fd script name \"%s\"\n", s);
3130 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Missing (suid) fd script name\n");
3132 scriptname = savepv(s + 1);
3133 Safefree(PL_origfilename);
3134 PL_origfilename = (char *)scriptname;
3139 CopFILE_free(PL_curcop);
3140 CopFILE_set(PL_curcop, PL_origfilename);
3141 if (*PL_origfilename == '-' && PL_origfilename[1] == '\0')
3142 scriptname = (char *)"";
3143 if (PL_fdscript >= 0) {
3144 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_fdopen(PL_fdscript,PERL_SCRIPT_MODE);
3145 # if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3147 /* ensure close-on-exec */
3148 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,1);
3153 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "sperl needs fd script\n"
3154 "You should not call sperl directly; do you need to "
3155 "change a #! line\nfrom sperl to perl?\n");
3158 * Do not open (or do other fancy stuff) while setuid.
3159 * Perl does the open, and hands script to suidperl on a fd;
3160 * suidperl only does some checks, sets up UIDs and re-execs
3161 * perl with that fd as it has always done.
3164 if (PL_suidscript != 1) {
3165 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "suidperl needs (suid) fd script\n");
3168 else if (PL_preprocess) {
3169 const char *cpp_cfg = CPPSTDIN;
3170 SV *cpp = newSVpvn("",0);
3171 SV *cmd = NEWSV(0,0);
3173 if (cpp_cfg[0] == 0) /* PERL_MICRO? */
3174 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't run with cpp -P with CPPSTDIN undefined");
3175 if (strEQ(cpp_cfg, "cppstdin"))
3176 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ cpp, "%s/", BIN_EXP);
3177 sv_catpv(cpp, cpp_cfg);
3180 sv_catpvn(sv, "-I", 2);
3181 sv_catpv(sv,PRIVLIB_EXP);
3184 DEBUG_P(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3185 "PL_preprocess: scriptname=\"%s\", cpp=\"%s\", sv=\"%s\", CPPMINUS=\"%s\"\n",
3186 scriptname, SvPVX (cpp), SvPVX (sv), CPPMINUS));
3188 # if defined(MSDOS) || defined(WIN32) || defined(VMS)
3195 cpp_discard_flag = "";
3197 cpp_discard_flag = "-C";
3201 perl = os2_execname(aTHX);
3203 perl = PL_origargv[0];
3207 /* This strips off Perl comments which might interfere with
3208 the C pre-processor, including #!. #line directives are
3209 deliberately stripped to avoid confusion with Perl's version
3210 of #line. FWP played some golf with it so it will fit
3211 into VMS's 255 character buffer.
3214 code = "(1../^#!.*perl/i)|/^\\s*#(?!\\s*((ifn?|un)def|(el|end)?if|define|include|else|error|pragma)\\b)/||!($|=1)||print";
3216 code = "/^\\s*#(?!\\s*((ifn?|un)def|(el|end)?if|define|include|else|error|pragma)\\b)/||!($|=1)||print";
3218 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ cmd, "\
3219 %s -ne%s%s%s %s | %"SVf" %s %"SVf" %s",
3220 perl, quote, code, quote, scriptname, cpp,
3221 cpp_discard_flag, sv, CPPMINUS);
3223 PL_doextract = FALSE;
3225 DEBUG_P(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3226 "PL_preprocess: cmd=\"%s\"\n",
3229 PL_rsfp = PerlProc_popen(SvPVX(cmd), (char *)"r");
3233 else if (!*scriptname) {
3234 forbid_setid("program input from stdin");
3235 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_stdin();
3238 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_open(scriptname,PERL_SCRIPT_MODE);
3239 # if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3241 /* ensure close-on-exec */
3242 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,1);
3245 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3247 /* PSz 16 Sep 03 Keep neat error message */
3248 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't open perl script \"%s\": %s\n",
3249 CopFILE(PL_curcop), Strerror(errno));
3254 * I_SYSSTATVFS HAS_FSTATVFS
3256 * I_STATFS HAS_FSTATFS HAS_GETFSSTAT
3257 * I_MNTENT HAS_GETMNTENT HAS_HASMNTOPT
3258 * here so that metaconfig picks them up. */
3262 S_fd_on_nosuid_fs(pTHX_ int fd)
3265 * We used to do this as "plain" user (after swapping UIDs with setreuid);
3266 * but is needed also on machines without setreuid.
3267 * Seems safe enough to run as root.
3269 int check_okay = 0; /* able to do all the required sys/libcalls */
3270 int on_nosuid = 0; /* the fd is on a nosuid fs */
3272 * Need to check noexec also: nosuid might not be set, the average
3273 * sysadmin would say that nosuid is irrelevant once he sets noexec.
3275 int on_noexec = 0; /* the fd is on a noexec fs */
3278 * Preferred order: fstatvfs(), fstatfs(), ustat()+getmnt(), getmntent().
3279 * fstatvfs() is UNIX98.
3280 * fstatfs() is 4.3 BSD.
3281 * ustat()+getmnt() is pre-4.3 BSD.
3282 * getmntent() is O(number-of-mounted-filesystems) and can hang on
3283 * an irrelevant filesystem while trying to reach the right one.
3286 #undef FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY /* found the syscalls to do the check? */
3288 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3289 defined(HAS_FSTATVFS)
3290 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3291 struct statvfs stfs;
3293 check_okay = fstatvfs(fd, &stfs) == 0;
3294 on_nosuid = check_okay && (stfs.f_flag & ST_NOSUID);
3296 /* ST_NOEXEC certainly absent on AIX 5.1, and doesn't seem to be documented
3297 on platforms where it is present. */
3298 on_noexec = check_okay && (stfs.f_flag & ST_NOEXEC);
3300 # endif /* fstatvfs */
3302 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3303 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID) && \
3304 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC) && \
3305 defined(HAS_FSTATFS) && \
3306 defined(HAS_STRUCT_STATFS) && \
3307 defined(HAS_STRUCT_STATFS_F_FLAGS)
3308 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3311 check_okay = fstatfs(fd, &stfs) == 0;
3312 on_nosuid = check_okay && (stfs.f_flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID);
3313 on_noexec = check_okay && (stfs.f_flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC);
3314 # endif /* fstatfs */
3316 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3317 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID) && \
3318 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC) && \
3319 defined(HAS_FSTAT) && \
3320 defined(HAS_USTAT) && \
3321 defined(HAS_GETMNT) && \
3322 defined(HAS_STRUCT_FS_DATA) && \
3324 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3327 if (fstat(fd, &fdst) == 0) {
3329 if (ustat(fdst.st_dev, &us) == 0) {
3331 /* NOSTAT_ONE here because we're not examining fields which
3332 * vary between that case and STAT_ONE. */
3333 if (getmnt((int*)0, &fsd, (int)0, NOSTAT_ONE, us.f_fname) == 0) {
3334 size_t cmplen = sizeof(us.f_fname);
3335 if (sizeof(fsd.fd_req.path) < cmplen)
3336 cmplen = sizeof(fsd.fd_req.path);
3337 if (strnEQ(fsd.fd_req.path, us.f_fname, cmplen) &&
3338 fdst.st_dev == fsd.fd_req.dev) {
3340 on_nosuid = fsd.fd_req.flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID;
3341 on_noexec = fsd.fd_req.flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC;
3347 # endif /* fstat+ustat+getmnt */
3349 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3350 defined(HAS_GETMNTENT) && \
3351 defined(HAS_HASMNTOPT) && \
3352 defined(MNTOPT_NOSUID) && \
3353 defined(MNTOPT_NOEXEC)
3354 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3355 FILE *mtab = fopen("/etc/mtab", "r");
3356 struct mntent *entry;
3359 if (mtab && (fstat(fd, &stb) == 0)) {
3360 while (entry = getmntent(mtab)) {
3361 if (stat(entry->mnt_dir, &fsb) == 0
3362 && fsb.st_dev == stb.st_dev)
3364 /* found the filesystem */
3366 if (hasmntopt(entry, MNTOPT_NOSUID))
3368 if (hasmntopt(entry, MNTOPT_NOEXEC))
3371 } /* A single fs may well fail its stat(). */
3376 # endif /* getmntent+hasmntopt */
3379 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't check filesystem of script \"%s\" for nosuid/noexec", PL_origfilename);
3381 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script \"%s\" on nosuid filesystem", PL_origfilename);
3383 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script \"%s\" on noexec filesystem", PL_origfilename);
3384 return ((!check_okay) || on_nosuid || on_noexec);
3386 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3389 S_validate_suid(pTHX_ const char *validarg, const char *scriptname)
3394 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3396 /* do we need to emulate setuid on scripts? */
3398 /* This code is for those BSD systems that have setuid #! scripts disabled
3399 * in the kernel because of a security problem. Merely defining DOSUID
3400 * in perl will not fix that problem, but if you have disabled setuid
3401 * scripts in the kernel, this will attempt to emulate setuid and setgid
3402 * on scripts that have those now-otherwise-useless bits set. The setuid
3403 * root version must be called suidperl or sperlN.NNN. If regular perl
3404 * discovers that it has opened a setuid script, it calls suidperl with
3405 * the same argv that it had. If suidperl finds that the script it has
3406 * just opened is NOT setuid root, it sets the effective uid back to the
3407 * uid. We don't just make perl setuid root because that loses the
3408 * effective uid we had before invoking perl, if it was different from the
3411 * Description/comments above do not match current workings:
3412 * suidperl must be hardlinked to sperlN.NNN (that is what we exec);
3413 * suidperl called with script open and name changed to /dev/fd/N/X;
3414 * suidperl croaks if script is not setuid;
3415 * making perl setuid would be a huge security risk (and yes, that
3416 * would lose any euid we might have had).
3418 * DOSUID must be defined in both perl and suidperl, and IAMSUID must
3419 * be defined in suidperl only. suidperl must be setuid root. The
3420 * Configure script will set this up for you if you want it.
3426 if (PerlLIO_fstat(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),&PL_statbuf) < 0) /* normal stat is insecure */
3427 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't stat script \"%s\"",PL_origfilename);
3428 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & (S_ISUID|S_ISGID)) {
3433 if (PL_fdscript < 0 || PL_suidscript != 1)
3434 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Need (suid) fdscript in suidperl\n"); /* We already checked this */
3436 * Since the script is opened by perl, not suidperl, some of these
3437 * checks are superfluous. Leaving them in probably does not lower
3441 * Do checks even for systems with no HAS_SETREUID.
3442 * We used to swap, then re-swap UIDs with
3444 if (setreuid(PL_euid,PL_uid) < 0
3445 || PerlProc_getuid() != PL_euid || PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_uid)
3446 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't swap uid and euid");
3449 if (setreuid(PL_uid,PL_euid) < 0
3450 || PerlProc_getuid() != PL_uid || PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_euid)
3451 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't reswap uid and euid");
3455 /* On this access check to make sure the directories are readable,
3456 * there is actually a small window that the user could use to make
3457 * filename point to an accessible directory. So there is a faint
3458 * chance that someone could execute a setuid script down in a
3459 * non-accessible directory. I don't know what to do about that.
3460 * But I don't think it's too important. The manual lies when
3461 * it says access() is useful in setuid programs.
3463 * So, access() is pretty useless... but not harmful... do anyway.
3465 if (PerlLIO_access(CopFILE(PL_curcop),1)) { /*double check*/
3466 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't access() script\n");
3469 /* If we can swap euid and uid, then we can determine access rights
3470 * with a simple stat of the file, and then compare device and
3471 * inode to make sure we did stat() on the same file we opened.
3472 * Then we just have to make sure he or she can execute it.
3475 * As the script is opened by perl, not suidperl, we do not need to
3476 * care much about access rights.
3478 * The 'script changed' check is needed, or we can get lied to
3479 * about $0 with e.g.
3480 * suidperl /dev/fd/4//bin/x 4<setuidscript
3481 * Without HAS_SETREUID, is it safe to stat() as root?
3483 * Are there any operating systems that pass /dev/fd/xxx for setuid
3484 * scripts, as suggested/described in perlsec(1)? Surely they do not
3485 * pass the script name as we do, so the "script changed" test would
3486 * fail for them... but we never get here with
3487 * SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW defined.
3489 * This is one place where we must "lie" about return status: not
3490 * say if the stat() failed. We are doing this as root, and could
3491 * be tricked into reporting existence or not of files that the
3492 * "plain" user cannot even see.
3496 if (PerlLIO_stat(CopFILE(PL_curcop),&tmpstatbuf) < 0 ||
3497 tmpstatbuf.st_dev != PL_statbuf.st_dev ||
3498 tmpstatbuf.st_ino != PL_statbuf.st_ino) {
3499 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script changed\n");
3503 if (!cando(S_IXUSR,FALSE,&PL_statbuf)) /* can real uid exec? */
3504 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Real UID cannot exec script\n");
3507 * We used to do this check as the "plain" user (after swapping
3508 * UIDs). But the check for nosuid and noexec filesystem is needed,
3509 * and should be done even without HAS_SETREUID. (Maybe those
3510 * operating systems do not have such mount options anyway...)
3511 * Seems safe enough to do as root.
3513 #if !defined(NO_NOSUID_CHECK)
3514 if (fd_on_nosuid_fs(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp))) {
3515 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script on nosuid or noexec filesystem\n");
3518 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3520 if (!S_ISREG(PL_statbuf.st_mode)) {
3521 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script not plain file\n");
3523 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_IWOTH)
3524 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid/gid script is writable by world");
3525 PL_doswitches = FALSE; /* -s is insecure in suid */
3526 /* PSz 13 Nov 03 But -s was caught elsewhere ... so unsetting it here is useless(?!) */
3527 CopLINE_inc(PL_curcop);
3528 if (sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0) == Nullch ||
3529 strnNE(SvPV(PL_linestr,n_a),"#!",2) ) /* required even on Sys V */
3530 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No #! line");
3531 s = SvPV(PL_linestr,n_a)+2;
3533 /* Sanity check on line length */
3534 if (strlen(s) < 1 || strlen(s) > 4000)
3535 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Very long #! line");
3536 /* Allow more than a single space after #! */
3537 while (isSPACE(*s)) s++;
3538 /* Sanity check on buffer end */
3539 while ((*s) && !isSPACE(*s)) s++;
3540 for (s2 = s; (s2 > SvPV(PL_linestr,n_a)+2 &&
3541 (isDIGIT(s2[-1]) || s2[-1] == '.' || s2[-1] == '_'
3542 || s2[-1] == '-')); s2--) ;
3543 /* Sanity check on buffer start */
3544 if ( (s2-4 < SvPV(PL_linestr,n_a)+2 || strnNE(s2-4,"perl",4)) &&
3545 (s-9 < SvPV(PL_linestr,n_a)+2 || strnNE(s-9,"perl",4)) )
3546 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Not a perl script");
3547 while (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t') s++;
3549 * #! arg must be what we saw above. They can invoke it by
3550 * mentioning suidperl explicitly, but they may not add any strange
3551 * arguments beyond what #! says if they do invoke suidperl that way.
3554 * The way validarg was set up, we rely on the kernel to start
3555 * scripts with argv[1] set to contain all #! line switches (the
3559 * Check that we got all the arguments listed in the #! line (not
3560 * just that there are no extraneous arguments). Might not matter
3561 * much, as switches from #! line seem to be acted upon (also), and
3562 * so may be checked and trapped in perl. But, security checks must
3563 * be done in suidperl and not deferred to perl. Note that suidperl
3564 * does not get around to parsing (and checking) the switches on
3565 * the #! line (but execs perl sooner).
3566 * Allow (require) a trailing newline (which may be of two
3567 * characters on some architectures?) (but no other trailing
3570 len = strlen(validarg);
3571 if (strEQ(validarg," PHOOEY ") ||
3572 strnNE(s,validarg,len) || !isSPACE(s[len]) ||
3573 !(strlen(s) == len+1 || (strlen(s) == len+2 && isSPACE(s[len+1]))))
3574 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Args must match #! line");
3577 if (PL_fdscript < 0 &&
3578 PL_euid != PL_uid && (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID) &&
3579 PL_euid == PL_statbuf.st_uid)
3581 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "YOU HAVEN'T DISABLED SET-ID SCRIPTS IN THE KERNEL YET!\n\
3582 FIX YOUR KERNEL, OR PUT A C WRAPPER AROUND THIS SCRIPT!\n");
3583 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3585 if (PL_fdscript < 0 &&
3586 PL_euid) { /* oops, we're not the setuid root perl */
3588 * When root runs a setuid script, we do not go through the same
3589 * steps of execing sperl and then perl with fd scripts, but
3590 * simply set up UIDs within the same perl invocation; so do
3591 * not have the same checks (on options, whatever) that we have
3592 * for plain users. No problem really: would have to be a script
3593 * that does not actually work for plain users; and if root is
3594 * foolish and can be persuaded to run such an unsafe script, he
3595 * might run also non-setuid ones, and deserves what he gets.
3597 * Or, we might drop the PL_euid check above (and rely just on
3598 * PL_fdscript to avoid loops), and do the execs
3604 * Pass fd script to suidperl.
3605 * Exec suidperl, substituting fd script for scriptname.
3606 * Pass script name as "subdir" of fd, which perl will grok;
3607 * in fact will use that to distinguish this from "normal"
3608 * usage, see comments above.
3610 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
3611 PerlLIO_lseek(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),(Off_t)0,0); /* just in case rewind didn't */
3612 /* PSz 27 Feb 04 Sanity checks on scriptname */
3613 if ((!scriptname) || (!*scriptname) ) {
3614 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No setuid script name\n");
3616 if (*scriptname == '-') {
3617 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script name may not begin with dash\n");
3618 /* Or we might confuse it with an option when replacing
3619 * name in argument list, below (though we do pointer, not
3620 * string, comparisons).
3623 for (which = 1; PL_origargv[which] && PL_origargv[which] != scriptname; which++) ;
3624 if (!PL_origargv[which]) {
3625 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't change argv to have fd script\n");
3627 PL_origargv[which] = savepv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "/dev/fd/%d/%s",
3628 PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp), PL_origargv[which]));
3629 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3630 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,0); /* ensure no close-on-exec */
3633 PerlProc_execv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s/sperl"PERL_FS_VER_FMT, BIN_EXP,
3634 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
3635 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION), PL_origargv);
3637 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3638 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setuid (cannot exec sperl)\n");
3641 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISGID && PL_statbuf.st_gid != PL_egid) {
3643 * This seems back to front: we try HAS_SETEGID first; if not available
3644 * then try HAS_SETREGID; as a last chance we try HAS_SETRESGID. May be OK
3645 * in the sense that we only want to set EGID; but are there any machines
3646 * with either of the latter, but not the former? Same with UID, later.
3649 (void)setegid(PL_statbuf.st_gid);
3652 (void)setregid((Gid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_gid);
3654 #ifdef HAS_SETRESGID
3655 (void)setresgid((Gid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_gid,(Gid_t)-1);
3657 PerlProc_setgid(PL_statbuf.st_gid);
3661 if (PerlProc_getegid() != PL_statbuf.st_gid)
3662 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setegid!\n");
3664 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID) {
3665 if (PL_statbuf.st_uid != PL_euid)
3667 (void)seteuid(PL_statbuf.st_uid); /* all that for this */
3670 (void)setreuid((Uid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_uid);
3672 #ifdef HAS_SETRESUID
3673 (void)setresuid((Uid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_uid,(Uid_t)-1);
3675 PerlProc_setuid(PL_statbuf.st_uid);
3679 if (PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_statbuf.st_uid)
3680 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do seteuid!\n");
3682 else if (PL_uid) { /* oops, mustn't run as root */
3684 (void)seteuid((Uid_t)PL_uid);
3687 (void)setreuid((Uid_t)-1,(Uid_t)PL_uid);
3689 #ifdef HAS_SETRESUID
3690 (void)setresuid((Uid_t)-1,(Uid_t)PL_uid,(Uid_t)-1);
3692 PerlProc_setuid((Uid_t)PL_uid);
3696 if (PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_uid)
3697 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do seteuid!\n");
3700 if (!cando(S_IXUSR,TRUE,&PL_statbuf))
3701 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Effective UID cannot exec script\n"); /* they can't do this */
3704 else if (PL_preprocess) /* PSz 13 Nov 03 Caught elsewhere, useless(?!) here */
3705 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "-P not allowed for setuid/setgid script\n");
3706 else if (PL_fdscript < 0 || PL_suidscript != 1)
3707 /* PSz 13 Nov 03 Caught elsewhere, useless(?!) here */
3708 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "(suid) fdscript needed in suidperl\n");
3710 /* PSz 16 Sep 03 Keep neat error message */
3711 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Script is not setuid/setgid in suidperl\n");
3714 /* We absolutely must clear out any saved ids here, so we */
3715 /* exec the real perl, substituting fd script for scriptname. */
3716 /* (We pass script name as "subdir" of fd, which perl will grok.) */
3718 * It might be thought that using setresgid and/or setresuid (changed to
3719 * set the saved IDs) above might obviate the need to exec, and we could
3720 * go on to "do the perl thing".
3722 * Is there such a thing as "saved GID", and is that set for setuid (but
3723 * not setgid) execution like suidperl? Without exec, it would not be
3724 * cleared for setuid (but not setgid) scripts (or might need a dummy
3727 * We need suidperl to do the exact same argument checking that perl
3728 * does. Thus it cannot be very small; while it could be significantly
3729 * smaller, it is safer (simpler?) to make it essentially the same
3730 * binary as perl (but they are not identical). - Maybe could defer that
3731 * check to the invoked perl, and suidperl be a tiny wrapper instead;
3732 * but prefer to do thorough checks in suidperl itself. Such deferral
3733 * would make suidperl security rely on perl, a design no-no.
3735 * Setuid things should be short and simple, thus easy to understand and
3736 * verify. They should do their "own thing", without influence by
3737 * attackers. It may help if their internal execution flow is fixed,
3738 * regardless of platform: it may be best to exec anyway.
3740 * Suidperl should at least be conceptually simple: a wrapper only,
3741 * never to do any real perl. Maybe we should put
3743 * Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Suidperl should never do real perl\n");
3745 * into the perly bits.
3747 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
3748 PerlLIO_lseek(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),(Off_t)0,0); /* just in case rewind didn't */
3750 * Keep original arguments: suidperl already has fd script.
3752 /* for (which = 1; PL_origargv[which] && PL_origargv[which] != scriptname; which++) ; */
3753 /* if (!PL_origargv[which]) { */
3754 /* errno = EPERM; */
3755 /* Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Permission denied\n"); */
3757 /* PL_origargv[which] = savepv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "/dev/fd/%d/%s", */
3758 /* PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp), PL_origargv[which])); */
3759 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3760 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,0); /* ensure no close-on-exec */
3763 PerlProc_execv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s/perl"PERL_FS_VER_FMT, BIN_EXP,
3764 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
3765 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION), PL_origargv);/* try again */
3767 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setuid (suidperl cannot exec perl)\n");
3768 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3770 if (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid) { /* (suidperl doesn't exist, in fact) */
3771 #ifndef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
3772 PerlLIO_fstat(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),&PL_statbuf); /* may be either wrapped or real suid */
3773 if ((PL_euid != PL_uid && PL_euid == PL_statbuf.st_uid && PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID)
3775 (PL_egid != PL_gid && PL_egid == PL_statbuf.st_gid && PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISGID)
3778 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "YOU HAVEN'T DISABLED SET-ID SCRIPTS IN THE KERNEL YET!\n\
3779 FIX YOUR KERNEL, PUT A C WRAPPER AROUND THIS SCRIPT, OR USE -u AND UNDUMP!\n");
3780 #endif /* SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW */
3781 /* not set-id, must be wrapped */
3789 S_find_beginning(pTHX)
3792 register const char *s2;
3793 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3797 /* skip forward in input to the real script? */
3800 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3801 /* Since the Mac OS does not honor #! arguments for us, we do it ourselves */
3803 while (PL_doextract || gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
3804 if ((s = sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0)) == Nullch) {
3805 if (!gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract)
3806 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No Perl script found in input\n");
3808 if (PL_doextract) /* require explicit override ? */
3809 if (!OverrideExtract(PL_origfilename))
3810 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "User aborted script\n");
3812 PL_doextract = FALSE;
3814 /* Pater peccavi, file does not have #! */
3815 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
3820 while (PL_doextract) {
3821 if ((s = sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0)) == Nullch)
3822 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No Perl script found in input\n");
3825 if (*s == '#' && s[1] == '!' && ((s = instr(s,"perl")) || (s = instr(s2,"PERL")))) {
3826 PerlIO_ungetc(PL_rsfp, '\n'); /* to keep line count right */
3827 PL_doextract = FALSE;
3828 while (*s && !(isSPACE (*s) || *s == '#')) s++;
3830 while (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t') s++;
3832 while (isDIGIT(s2[-1]) || s2[-1] == '-' || s2[-1] == '.'
3833 || s2[-1] == '_') s2--;
3834 if (strnEQ(s2-4,"perl",4))
3836 while ((s = moreswitches(s)))
3839 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3840 /* We are always searching for the #!perl line in MacPerl,
3841 * so if we find it, still keep the line count correct
3842 * by counting lines we already skipped over
3844 for (; maclines > 0 ; maclines--)
3845 PerlIO_ungetc(PL_rsfp, '\n');
3849 /* gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract is false in MPW tool */
3850 } else if (gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
3861 PL_uid = PerlProc_getuid();
3862 PL_euid = PerlProc_geteuid();
3863 PL_gid = PerlProc_getgid();
3864 PL_egid = PerlProc_getegid();
3866 PL_uid |= PL_gid << 16;
3867 PL_euid |= PL_egid << 16;
3869 /* Should not happen: */
3870 CHECK_MALLOC_TAINT(PL_uid && (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid));
3871 PL_tainting |= (PL_uid && (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid));
3874 * Should go by suidscript, not uid!=euid: why disallow
3875 * system("ls") in scripts run from setuid things?
3876 * Or, is this run before we check arguments and set suidscript?
3877 * What about SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW: could we use fdscript then?
3878 * (We never have suidscript, can we be sure to have fdscript?)
3879 * Or must then go by UID checks? See comments in forbid_setid also.
3883 /* This is used very early in the lifetime of the program,
3884 * before even the options are parsed, so PL_tainting has
3885 * not been initialized properly. */
3887 Perl_doing_taint(int argc, char *argv[], char *envp[])
3889 #ifndef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
3890 /* If we have PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS we can't call getuid() et alia
3891 * before we have an interpreter-- and the whole point of this
3892 * function is to be called at such an early stage. If you are on
3893 * a system with PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS but you do have a concept of
3894 * "tainted because running with altered effective ids', you'll
3895 * have to add your own checks somewhere in here. The two most
3896 * known samples of 'implicitness' are Win32 and NetWare, neither
3897 * of which has much of concept of 'uids'. */
3898 int uid = PerlProc_getuid();
3899 int euid = PerlProc_geteuid();
3900 int gid = PerlProc_getgid();
3901 int egid = PerlProc_getegid();
3908 if (uid && (euid != uid || egid != gid))
3910 #endif /* !PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS */
3911 /* This is a really primitive check; environment gets ignored only
3912 * if -T are the first chars together; otherwise one gets
3913 * "Too late" message. */
3914 if ( argc > 1 && argv[1][0] == '-'
3915 && (argv[1][1] == 't' || argv[1][1] == 'T') )
3921 S_forbid_setid(pTHX_ const char *s)
3923 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
3924 if (PL_euid != PL_uid)
3925 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed while running setuid", s);
3926 if (PL_egid != PL_gid)
3927 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed while running setgid", s);
3928 #endif /* SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW */
3930 * Checks for UID/GID above "wrong": why disallow
3931 * perl -e 'print "Hello\n"'
3932 * from within setuid things?? Simply drop them: replaced by
3933 * fdscript/suidscript and #ifdef IAMSUID checks below.
3935 * This may be too late for command-line switches. Will catch those on
3936 * the #! line, after finding the script name and setting up
3937 * fdscript/suidscript. Note that suidperl does not get around to
3938 * parsing (and checking) the switches on the #! line, but checks that
3939 * the two sets are identical.
3941 * With SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW, could we use fdscript, also or
3942 * instead, or would that be "too late"? (We never have suidscript, can
3943 * we be sure to have fdscript?)
3945 * Catch things with suidscript (in descendant of suidperl), even with
3946 * right UID/GID. Was already checked in suidperl, with #ifdef IAMSUID,
3947 * below; but I am paranoid.
3949 * Also see comments about root running a setuid script, elsewhere.
3951 if (PL_suidscript >= 0)
3952 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed with (suid) fdscript", s);
3954 /* PSz 11 Nov 03 Catch it in suidperl, always! */
3955 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed in suidperl", s);
3956 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3960 Perl_init_debugger(pTHX)
3962 HV *ostash = PL_curstash;
3964 PL_curstash = PL_debstash;
3965 PL_dbargs = GvAV(gv_AVadd((gv_fetchpv("DB::args", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVAV))));
3966 AvREAL_off(PL_dbargs);
3967 PL_DBgv = gv_fetchpv("DB::DB", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVGV);
3968 PL_DBline = gv_fetchpv("DB::dbline", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVAV);
3969 PL_DBsub = gv_HVadd(gv_fetchpv("DB::sub", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
3970 PL_DBsingle = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("DB::single", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
3971 sv_setiv(PL_DBsingle, 0);
3972 PL_DBtrace = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("DB::trace", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
3973 sv_setiv(PL_DBtrace, 0);
3974 PL_DBsignal = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("DB::signal", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
3975 sv_setiv(PL_DBsignal, 0);
3976 PL_DBassertion = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("DB::assertion", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
3977 sv_setiv(PL_DBassertion, 0);
3978 PL_curstash = ostash;
3981 #ifndef STRESS_REALLOC
3982 #define REASONABLE(size) (size)
3984 #define REASONABLE(size) (1) /* unreasonable */
3988 Perl_init_stacks(pTHX)
3990 /* start with 128-item stack and 8K cxstack */
3991 PL_curstackinfo = new_stackinfo(REASONABLE(128),
3992 REASONABLE(8192/sizeof(PERL_CONTEXT) - 1));
3993 PL_curstackinfo->si_type = PERLSI_MAIN;
3994 PL_curstack = PL_curstackinfo->si_stack;
3995 PL_mainstack = PL_curstack; /* remember in case we switch stacks */
3997 PL_stack_base = AvARRAY(PL_curstack);
3998 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base;
3999 PL_stack_max = PL_stack_base + AvMAX(PL_curstack);
4001 New(50,PL_tmps_stack,REASONABLE(128),SV*);
4004 PL_tmps_max = REASONABLE(128);
4006 New(54,PL_markstack,REASONABLE(32),I32);
4007 PL_markstack_ptr = PL_markstack;
4008 PL_markstack_max = PL_markstack + REASONABLE(32);
4012 New(54,PL_scopestack,REASONABLE(32),I32);
4013 PL_scopestack_ix = 0;
4014 PL_scopestack_max = REASONABLE(32);
4016 New(54,PL_savestack,REASONABLE(128),ANY);
4017 PL_savestack_ix = 0;
4018 PL_savestack_max = REASONABLE(128);
4026 while (PL_curstackinfo->si_next)
4027 PL_curstackinfo = PL_curstackinfo->si_next;
4028 while (PL_curstackinfo) {
4029 PERL_SI *p = PL_curstackinfo->si_prev;
4030 /* curstackinfo->si_stack got nuked by sv_free_arenas() */
4031 Safefree(PL_curstackinfo->si_cxstack);
4032 Safefree(PL_curstackinfo);
4033 PL_curstackinfo = p;
4035 Safefree(PL_tmps_stack);
4036 Safefree(PL_markstack);
4037 Safefree(PL_scopestack);
4038 Safefree(PL_savestack);
4047 lex_start(PL_linestr);
4049 PL_subname = newSVpvn("main",4);
4053 S_init_predump_symbols(pTHX)
4058 sv_setpvn(get_sv("\"", TRUE), " ", 1);
4059 PL_stdingv = gv_fetchpv("STDIN",TRUE, SVt_PVIO);
4060 GvMULTI_on(PL_stdingv);
4061 io = GvIOp(PL_stdingv);
4062 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_RDONLY;
4063 IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stdin();
4064 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("stdin",TRUE, SVt_PV);
4066 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc(io);
4068 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("STDOUT",TRUE, SVt_PVIO);
4071 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_WRONLY;
4072 IoOFP(io) = IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stdout();
4074 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("stdout",TRUE, SVt_PV);
4076 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc(io);
4078 PL_stderrgv = gv_fetchpv("STDERR",TRUE, SVt_PVIO);
4079 GvMULTI_on(PL_stderrgv);
4080 io = GvIOp(PL_stderrgv);
4081 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_WRONLY;
4082 IoOFP(io) = IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stderr();
4083 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("stderr",TRUE, SVt_PV);
4085 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc(io);
4087 PL_statname = NEWSV(66,0); /* last filename we did stat on */
4090 Safefree(PL_osname);
4091 PL_osname = savepv(OSNAME);
4095 Perl_init_argv_symbols(pTHX_ register int argc, register char **argv)
4098 argc--,argv++; /* skip name of script */
4099 if (PL_doswitches) {
4100 for (; argc > 0 && **argv == '-'; argc--,argv++) {
4103 if (argv[0][1] == '-' && !argv[0][2]) {
4107 if ((s = strchr(argv[0], '='))) {
4109 sv_setpv(GvSV(gv_fetchpv(argv[0]+1,TRUE, SVt_PV)),s);
4112 sv_setiv(GvSV(gv_fetchpv(argv[0]+1,TRUE, SVt_PV)),1);
4115 if ((PL_argvgv = gv_fetchpv("ARGV",TRUE, SVt_PVAV))) {
4116 GvMULTI_on(PL_argvgv);
4117 (void)gv_AVadd(PL_argvgv);
4118 av_clear(GvAVn(PL_argvgv));
4119 for (; argc > 0; argc--,argv++) {
4120 SV *sv = newSVpv(argv[0],0);
4121 av_push(GvAVn(PL_argvgv),sv);
4122 if (!(PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_LOCALE_FLAG) || PL_utf8locale) {
4123 if (PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_ARGV_FLAG)
4126 if (PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_WIDESYSCALLS_FLAG) /* Sarathy? */
4127 (void)sv_utf8_decode(sv);
4133 S_init_postdump_symbols(pTHX_ register int argc, register char **argv, register char **env)
4138 PL_toptarget = NEWSV(0,0);
4139 sv_upgrade(PL_toptarget, SVt_PVFM);
4140 sv_setpvn(PL_toptarget, "", 0);
4141 PL_bodytarget = NEWSV(0,0);
4142 sv_upgrade(PL_bodytarget, SVt_PVFM);
4143 sv_setpvn(PL_bodytarget, "", 0);
4144 PL_formtarget = PL_bodytarget;
4148 init_argv_symbols(argc,argv);
4150 if ((tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("0",TRUE, SVt_PV))) {
4151 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4152 /* $0 is not majick on a Mac */
4153 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv),MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
4155 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv),PL_origfilename);
4156 magicname("0", "0", 1);
4159 if ((PL_envgv = gv_fetchpv("ENV",TRUE, SVt_PVHV))) {
4161 GvMULTI_on(PL_envgv);
4162 hv = GvHVn(PL_envgv);
4163 hv_magic(hv, Nullgv, PERL_MAGIC_env);
4165 #ifdef USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY
4166 /* Note that if the supplied env parameter is actually a copy
4167 of the global environ then it may now point to free'd memory
4168 if the environment has been modified since. To avoid this
4169 problem we treat env==NULL as meaning 'use the default'
4174 # ifdef USE_ITHREADS
4175 && PL_curinterp == aTHX
4179 environ[0] = Nullch;
4182 char** origenv = environ;
4185 for (; *env; env++) {
4186 if (!(s = strchr(*env,'=')) || s == *env)
4188 #if defined(MSDOS) && !defined(DJGPP)
4193 sv = newSVpv(s+1, 0);
4194 (void)hv_store(hv, *env, s - *env, sv, 0);
4197 if (origenv != environ) {
4198 /* realloc has shifted us */
4199 env = (env - origenv) + environ;
4204 #endif /* USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY */
4205 #endif /* !PERL_MICRO */
4208 if ((tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("$",TRUE, SVt_PV))) {
4209 SvREADONLY_off(GvSV(tmpgv));
4210 sv_setiv(GvSV(tmpgv), (IV)PerlProc_getpid());
4211 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(tmpgv));
4213 #ifdef THREADS_HAVE_PIDS
4214 PL_ppid = (IV)getppid();
4217 /* touch @F array to prevent spurious warnings 20020415 MJD */
4219 (void) get_av("main::F", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4221 /* touch @- and @+ arrays to prevent spurious warnings 20020415 MJD */
4222 (void) get_av("main::-", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4223 (void) get_av("main::+", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4227 S_init_perllib(pTHX)
4232 s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL5LIB");
4234 incpush(s, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE);
4236 incpush(PerlEnv_getenv("PERLLIB"), FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4238 /* Treat PERL5?LIB as a possible search list logical name -- the
4239 * "natural" VMS idiom for a Unix path string. We allow each
4240 * element to be a set of |-separated directories for compatibility.
4244 if (my_trnlnm("PERL5LIB",buf,0))
4245 do { incpush(buf,TRUE,TRUE,TRUE,FALSE); } while (my_trnlnm("PERL5LIB",buf,++idx));
4247 while (my_trnlnm("PERLLIB",buf,idx++)) incpush(buf,FALSE,FALSE,TRUE,FALSE);
4251 /* Use the ~-expanded versions of APPLLIB (undocumented),
4252 ARCHLIB PRIVLIB SITEARCH SITELIB VENDORARCH and VENDORLIB
4255 incpush(APPLLIB_EXP, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4259 incpush(ARCHLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4261 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4264 SV * privdir = NEWSV(55, 0);
4265 char * macperl = PerlEnv_getenv("MACPERL");
4270 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ privdir, "%slib:", macperl);
4271 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(privdir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 && S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode))
4272 incpush(SvPVX(privdir), TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4273 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ privdir, "%ssite_perl:", macperl);
4274 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(privdir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 && S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode))
4275 incpush(SvPVX(privdir), TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4277 SvREFCNT_dec(privdir);
4280 incpush(":", FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4283 # define PRIVLIB_EXP "/usr/local/lib/perl5:/usr/local/lib/perl"
4286 incpush(PRIVLIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4288 incpush(PRIVLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4292 /* sitearch is always relative to sitelib on Windows for
4293 * DLL-based path intuition to work correctly */
4294 # if !defined(WIN32)
4295 incpush(SITEARCH_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4301 /* this picks up sitearch as well */
4302 incpush(SITELIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4304 incpush(SITELIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4308 #ifdef SITELIB_STEM /* Search for version-specific dirs below here */
4309 incpush(SITELIB_STEM, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4312 #ifdef PERL_VENDORARCH_EXP
4313 /* vendorarch is always relative to vendorlib on Windows for
4314 * DLL-based path intuition to work correctly */
4315 # if !defined(WIN32)
4316 incpush(PERL_VENDORARCH_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4320 #ifdef PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP
4322 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE); /* this picks up vendorarch as well */
4324 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4328 #ifdef PERL_VENDORLIB_STEM /* Search for version-specific dirs below here */
4329 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_STEM, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4332 #ifdef PERL_OTHERLIBDIRS
4333 incpush(PERL_OTHERLIBDIRS, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4337 incpush(".", FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4338 #endif /* MACOS_TRADITIONAL */
4341 #if defined(DOSISH) || defined(EPOC) || defined(SYMBIAN)
4342 # define PERLLIB_SEP ';'
4345 # define PERLLIB_SEP '|'
4347 # if defined(MACOS_TRADITIONAL)
4348 # define PERLLIB_SEP ','
4350 # define PERLLIB_SEP ':'
4354 #ifndef PERLLIB_MANGLE
4355 # define PERLLIB_MANGLE(s,n) (s)
4358 /* Push a directory onto @INC if it exists.
4359 Generate a new SV if we do this, to save needing to copy the SV we push
4362 S_incpush_if_exists(pTHX_ SV *dir)
4365 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(dir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 &&
4366 S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode)) {
4367 av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), dir);
4374 S_incpush(pTHX_ const char *dir, bool addsubdirs, bool addoldvers, bool usesep,
4377 SV *subdir = Nullsv;
4378 const char *p = dir;
4383 if (addsubdirs || addoldvers) {
4384 subdir = NEWSV(0,0);
4387 /* Break at all separators */
4389 SV *libdir = NEWSV(55,0);
4392 /* skip any consecutive separators */
4394 while ( *p == PERLLIB_SEP ) {
4395 /* Uncomment the next line for PATH semantics */
4396 /* av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), newSVpvn(".", 1)); */
4401 if ( usesep && (s = strchr(p, PERLLIB_SEP)) != Nullch ) {
4402 sv_setpvn(libdir, PERLLIB_MANGLE(p, (STRLEN)(s - p)),
4407 sv_setpv(libdir, PERLLIB_MANGLE(p, 0));
4408 p = Nullch; /* break out */
4410 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4411 if (!strchr(SvPVX(libdir), ':')) {
4414 sv_setpv(libdir, MacPerl_CanonDir(SvPVX(libdir), buf, 0));
4416 if (SvPVX(libdir)[SvCUR(libdir)-1] != ':')
4417 sv_catpv(libdir, ":");
4420 /* Do the if() outside the #ifdef to avoid warnings about an unused
4423 #ifdef PERL_RELOCATABLE_INC
4425 * Relocatable include entries are marked with a leading .../
4428 * 0: Remove that leading ".../"
4429 * 1: Remove trailing executable name (anything after the last '/')
4430 * from the perl path to give a perl prefix
4432 * While the @INC element starts "../" and the prefix ends with a real
4433 * directory (ie not . or ..) chop that real directory off the prefix
4434 * and the leading "../" from the @INC element. ie a logical "../"
4436 * Finally concatenate the prefix and the remainder of the @INC element
4437 * The intent is that /usr/local/bin/perl and .../../lib/perl5
4438 * generates /usr/local/lib/perl5
4440 char *libpath = SvPVX(libdir);
4441 STRLEN libpath_len = SvCUR(libdir);
4442 if (libpath_len >= 4 && memEQ (libpath, ".../", 4)) {
4444 SV *caret_X = get_sv("\030", 0);
4445 /* Going to use the SV just as a scratch buffer holding a C
4451 /* $^X is *the* source of taint if tainting is on, hence
4452 SvPOK() won't be true. */
4454 assert(SvPOKp(caret_X));
4455 prefix_sv = newSVpvn(SvPVX(caret_X), SvCUR(caret_X));
4456 /* Firstly take off the leading .../
4457 If all else fail we'll do the paths relative to the current
4459 sv_chop(libdir, libpath + 4);
4460 /* Don't use SvPV as we're intentionally bypassing taining,
4461 mortal copies that the mg_get of tainting creates, and
4462 corruption that seems to come via the save stack.
4463 I guess that the save stack isn't correctly set up yet. */
4464 libpath = SvPVX(libdir);
4465 libpath_len = SvCUR(libdir);
4467 /* This would work more efficiently with memrchr, but as it's
4468 only a GNU extension we'd need to probe for it and
4469 implement our own. Not hard, but maybe not worth it? */
4471 prefix = SvPVX(prefix_sv);
4472 lastslash = strrchr(prefix, '/');
4474 /* First time in with the *lastslash = '\0' we just wipe off
4475 the trailing /perl from (say) /usr/foo/bin/perl
4479 while ((*lastslash = '\0'), /* Do that, come what may. */
4480 (libpath_len >= 3 && memEQ(libpath, "../", 3)
4481 && (lastslash = strrchr(prefix, '/')))) {
4482 if (lastslash[1] == '\0'
4483 || (lastslash[1] == '.'
4484 && (lastslash[2] == '/' /* ends "/." */
4485 || (lastslash[2] == '/'
4486 && lastslash[3] == '/' /* or "/.." */
4488 /* Prefix ends "/" or "/." or "/..", any of which
4489 are fishy, so don't do any more logical cleanup.
4493 /* Remove leading "../" from path */
4496 /* Next iteration round the loop removes the last
4497 directory name from prefix by writing a '\0' in
4498 the while clause. */
4500 /* prefix has been terminated with a '\0' to the correct
4501 length. libpath points somewhere into the libdir SV.
4502 We need to join the 2 with '/' and drop the result into
4504 tempsv = Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "%s/%s", prefix, libpath);
4505 SvREFCNT_dec(libdir);
4506 /* And this is the new libdir. */
4509 (PL_uid != PL_euid || PL_gid != PL_egid)) {
4510 /* Need to taint reloccated paths if running set ID */
4511 SvTAINTED_on(libdir);
4514 SvREFCNT_dec(prefix_sv);
4519 * BEFORE pushing libdir onto @INC we may first push version- and
4520 * archname-specific sub-directories.
4522 if (addsubdirs || addoldvers) {
4523 #ifdef PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST
4524 /* Configure terminates PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST with a NULL */
4525 const char *incverlist[] = { PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST };
4526 const char **incver;
4532 if ((unix = tounixspec_ts(SvPV(libdir,len),Nullch)) != Nullch) {
4534 while (unix[len-1] == '/') len--; /* Cosmetic */
4535 sv_usepvn(libdir,unix,len);
4538 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log,
4539 "Failed to unixify @INC element \"%s\"\n",
4543 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4544 #define PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT ""
4545 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT "%s:"
4546 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_FS_VER_FMT PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT
4548 #define PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT "/"
4549 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT "/%s"
4550 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT PERL_FS_VER_FMT
4552 /* .../version/archname if -d .../version/archname */
4553 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_ARCH_FMT,
4555 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
4556 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION, ARCHNAME);
4557 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
4559 /* .../version if -d .../version */
4560 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH, libdir,
4561 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
4562 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION);
4563 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
4565 /* .../archname if -d .../archname */
4566 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT, libdir, ARCHNAME);
4567 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
4571 #ifdef PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST
4573 for (incver = incverlist; *incver; incver++) {
4574 /* .../xxx if -d .../xxx */
4575 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT, libdir, *incver);
4576 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
4582 /* finally push this lib directory on the end of @INC */
4583 av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), libdir);
4586 assert (SvREFCNT(subdir) == 1);
4587 SvREFCNT_dec(subdir);
4591 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
4592 STATIC struct perl_thread *
4593 S_init_main_thread(pTHX)
4595 #if !defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
4596 struct perl_thread *thr;
4600 Newz(53, thr, 1, struct perl_thread);
4601 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
4602 thr->interp = PERL_GET_INTERP;
4603 thr->cvcache = newHV();
4604 thr->threadsv = newAV();
4605 /* thr->threadsvp is set when find_threadsv is called */
4606 thr->specific = newAV();
4607 thr->flags = THRf_R_JOINABLE;
4608 MUTEX_INIT(&thr->mutex);
4609 /* Handcraft thrsv similarly to mess_sv */
4610 New(53, PL_thrsv, 1, SV);
4611 Newz(53, xpv, 1, XPV);
4612 SvFLAGS(PL_thrsv) = SVt_PV;
4613 SvANY(PL_thrsv) = (void*)xpv;
4614 SvREFCNT(PL_thrsv) = 1 << 30; /* practically infinite */
4615 SvPV_set(PL_thrsvr, (char*)thr);
4616 SvCUR_set(PL_thrsv, sizeof(thr));
4617 SvLEN_set(PL_thrsv, sizeof(thr));
4618 *SvEND(PL_thrsv) = '\0'; /* in the trailing_nul field */
4619 thr->oursv = PL_thrsv;
4620 PL_chopset = " \n-";
4623 MUTEX_LOCK(&PL_threads_mutex);
4629 MUTEX_UNLOCK(&PL_threads_mutex);
4631 #ifdef HAVE_THREAD_INTERN
4632 Perl_init_thread_intern(thr);
4635 #ifdef SET_THREAD_SELF
4636 SET_THREAD_SELF(thr);
4638 thr->self = pthread_self();
4639 #endif /* SET_THREAD_SELF */
4643 * These must come after the thread self setting
4644 * because sv_setpvn does SvTAINT and the taint
4645 * fields thread selfness being set.
4647 PL_toptarget = NEWSV(0,0);
4648 sv_upgrade(PL_toptarget, SVt_PVFM);
4649 sv_setpvn(PL_toptarget, "", 0);
4650 PL_bodytarget = NEWSV(0,0);
4651 sv_upgrade(PL_bodytarget, SVt_PVFM);
4652 sv_setpvn(PL_bodytarget, "", 0);
4653 PL_formtarget = PL_bodytarget;
4654 thr->errsv = newSVpvn("", 0);
4655 (void) find_threadsv("@"); /* Ensure $@ is initialised early */
4658 PL_peepp = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_peep);
4659 PL_regcompp = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_pregcomp);
4660 PL_regexecp = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_regexec_flags);
4661 PL_regint_start = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_re_intuit_start);
4662 PL_regint_string = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_re_intuit_string);
4663 PL_regfree = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_pregfree);
4665 PL_reginterp_cnt = 0;
4669 #endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
4672 Perl_call_list(pTHX_ I32 oldscope, AV *paramList)
4676 const line_t oldline = CopLINE(PL_curcop);
4682 while (av_len(paramList) >= 0) {
4683 cv = (CV*)av_shift(paramList);
4685 if (paramList == PL_beginav) {
4686 /* save PL_beginav for compiler */
4687 if (! PL_beginav_save)
4688 PL_beginav_save = newAV();
4689 av_push(PL_beginav_save, (SV*)cv);
4691 else if (paramList == PL_checkav) {
4692 /* save PL_checkav for compiler */
4693 if (! PL_checkav_save)
4694 PL_checkav_save = newAV();
4695 av_push(PL_checkav_save, (SV*)cv);
4705 (void)SvPV(atsv, len);
4707 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
4708 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
4709 if (paramList == PL_beginav)
4710 sv_catpv(atsv, "BEGIN failed--compilation aborted");
4712 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ atsv,
4713 "%s failed--call queue aborted",
4714 paramList == PL_checkav ? "CHECK"
4715 : paramList == PL_initav ? "INIT"
4717 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
4720 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%"SVf"", atsv);
4727 /* my_exit() was called */
4728 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
4731 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
4732 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
4733 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
4735 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED)) {
4736 if (paramList == PL_beginav)
4737 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "BEGIN failed--compilation aborted");
4739 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s failed--call queue aborted",
4740 paramList == PL_checkav ? "CHECK"
4741 : paramList == PL_initav ? "INIT"
4748 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
4749 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
4752 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: restartop\n");
4761 S_call_list_body(pTHX_ CV *cv)
4763 PUSHMARK(PL_stack_sp);
4764 call_sv((SV*)cv, G_EVAL|G_DISCARD);
4769 Perl_my_exit(pTHX_ U32 status)
4771 DEBUG_S(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "my_exit: thread %p, status %lu\n",
4772 thr, (unsigned long) status));
4781 STATUS_NATIVE_SET(status);
4788 Perl_my_failure_exit(pTHX)
4791 if (vaxc$errno & 1) {
4792 if (STATUS_NATIVE & 1) /* fortuitiously includes "-1" */
4793 STATUS_NATIVE_SET(44);
4796 if (!vaxc$errno) /* unlikely */
4797 STATUS_NATIVE_SET(44);
4799 STATUS_NATIVE_SET(vaxc$errno);
4804 STATUS_POSIX_SET(errno);
4806 exitstatus = STATUS_POSIX >> 8;
4807 if (exitstatus & 255)
4808 STATUS_POSIX_SET(exitstatus);
4810 STATUS_POSIX_SET(255);
4817 S_my_exit_jump(pTHX)
4820 register PERL_CONTEXT *cx;
4825 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
4826 PL_e_script = Nullsv;
4829 POPSTACK_TO(PL_mainstack);
4830 if (cxstack_ix >= 0) {
4833 POPBLOCK(cx,PL_curpm);
4841 read_e_script(pTHX_ int idx, SV *buf_sv, int maxlen)
4847 p = SvPVX(PL_e_script);
4848 nl = strchr(p, '\n');
4849 nl = (nl) ? nl+1 : SvEND(PL_e_script);
4851 filter_del(read_e_script);
4854 sv_catpvn(buf_sv, p, nl-p);
4855 sv_chop(PL_e_script, nl);