3 * Copyright (C) 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
4 * 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * "A ship then new they built for him/of mithril and of elven glass" --Bilbo
15 /* This file contains the top-level functions that are used to create, use
16 * and destroy a perl interpreter, plus the functions used by XS code to
17 * call back into perl. Note that it does not contain the actual main()
18 * function of the interpreter; that can be found in perlmain.c
23 * Be proud that perl(1) may proclaim:
24 * Setuid Perl scripts are safer than C programs ...
25 * Do not abandon (deprecate) suidperl. Do not advocate C wrappers.
27 * The flow was: perl starts, notices script is suid, execs suidperl with same
28 * arguments; suidperl opens script, checks many things, sets itself with
29 * right UID, execs perl with similar arguments but with script pre-opened on
30 * /dev/fd/xxx; perl checks script is as should be and does work. This was
31 * insecure: see perlsec(1) for many problems with this approach.
33 * The "correct" flow should be: perl starts, opens script and notices it is
34 * suid, checks many things, execs suidperl with similar arguments but with
35 * script on /dev/fd/xxx; suidperl checks script and /dev/fd/xxx object are
36 * same, checks arguments match #! line, sets itself with right UID, execs
37 * perl with same arguments; perl checks many things and does work.
39 * (Opening the script in perl instead of suidperl, we "lose" scripts that
40 * are readable to the target UID but not to the invoker. Where did
41 * unreadable scripts work anyway?)
43 * For now, suidperl and perl are pretty much the same large and cumbersome
44 * program, so suidperl can check its argument list (see comments elsewhere).
47 * Original bug report:
48 * http://bugs.perl.org/index.html?req=bug_id&bug_id=20010322.218
49 * http://rt.perl.org/rt2/Ticket/Display.html?id=6511
50 * Comments and discussion with Debian:
51 * http://bugs.debian.org/203426
52 * http://bugs.debian.org/220486
53 * Debian Security Advisory DSA 431-1 (does not fully fix problem):
54 * http://www.debian.org/security/2004/dsa-431
56 * http://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CAN-2003-0618
57 * Previous versions of this patch sent to perl5-porters:
58 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg71953.html
59 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75245.html
60 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75563.html
61 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75635.html
63 Paul Szabo - psz@maths.usyd.edu.au http://www.maths.usyd.edu.au:8000/u/psz/
64 School of Mathematics and Statistics University of Sydney 2006 Australia
68 * Use truthful, neat, specific error messages.
69 * Cannot always hide the truth; security must not depend on doing so.
73 * Use global(?), thread-local fdscript for easier checks.
74 * (I do not understand how we could possibly get a thread race:
75 * do not all threads go through the same initialization? Or in
76 * fact, are not threads started only after we get the script and
77 * so know what to do? Oh well, make things super-safe...)
81 #define PERL_IN_PERL_C
83 #include "patchlevel.h" /* for local_patches */
87 char *nw_get_sitelib(const char *pl);
90 /* XXX If this causes problems, set i_unistd=undef in the hint file. */
107 #if !defined(STANDARD_C) && !defined(HAS_GETENV_PROTOTYPE) && !defined(PERL_MICRO)
108 char *getenv (char *); /* Usually in <stdlib.h> */
111 static I32 read_e_script(pTHX_ int idx, SV *buf_sv, int maxlen);
119 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
126 S_init_tls_and_interp(PerlInterpreter *my_perl)
130 PERL_SET_INTERP(my_perl);
131 #if defined(USE_ITHREADS)
134 PERL_SET_THX(my_perl);
136 MUTEX_INIT(&PL_dollarzero_mutex);
140 PERL_SET_THX(my_perl);
144 #ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
146 perl_alloc_using(struct IPerlMem* ipM, struct IPerlMem* ipMS,
147 struct IPerlMem* ipMP, struct IPerlEnv* ipE,
148 struct IPerlStdIO* ipStd, struct IPerlLIO* ipLIO,
149 struct IPerlDir* ipD, struct IPerlSock* ipS,
150 struct IPerlProc* ipP)
152 PerlInterpreter *my_perl;
153 /* New() needs interpreter, so call malloc() instead */
154 my_perl = (PerlInterpreter*)(*ipM->pMalloc)(ipM, sizeof(PerlInterpreter));
155 S_init_tls_and_interp(my_perl);
156 Zero(my_perl, 1, PerlInterpreter);
172 =head1 Embedding Functions
174 =for apidoc perl_alloc
176 Allocates a new Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
184 PerlInterpreter *my_perl;
186 /* New() needs interpreter, so call malloc() instead */
187 my_perl = (PerlInterpreter*)PerlMem_malloc(sizeof(PerlInterpreter));
189 S_init_tls_and_interp(my_perl);
190 return (PerlInterpreter *) ZeroD(my_perl, 1, PerlInterpreter);
192 #endif /* PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS */
195 =for apidoc perl_construct
197 Initializes a new Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
203 perl_construct(pTHXx)
208 PL_perl_destruct_level = 1;
210 if (PL_perl_destruct_level > 0)
213 /* Init the real globals (and main thread)? */
215 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling; /* needed by ckWARN, right away */
217 PL_linestr = NEWSV(65,79);
218 sv_upgrade(PL_linestr,SVt_PVIV);
220 if (!SvREADONLY(&PL_sv_undef)) {
221 /* set read-only and try to insure than we wont see REFCNT==0
224 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_undef);
225 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_undef) = (~(U32)0)/2;
227 sv_setpv(&PL_sv_no,PL_No);
228 /* value lookup in void context - happens to have the side effect
229 of caching the numeric forms. */
232 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_no);
233 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_no) = (~(U32)0)/2;
235 sv_setpv(&PL_sv_yes,PL_Yes);
238 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_yes);
239 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_yes) = (~(U32)0)/2;
241 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_placeholder);
242 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_placeholder) = (~(U32)0)/2;
245 PL_sighandlerp = Perl_sighandler;
246 PL_pidstatus = newHV();
249 PL_rs = newSVpvn("\n", 1);
254 PL_lex_state = LEX_NOTPARSING;
260 SET_NUMERIC_STANDARD();
262 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
263 PL_localpatches = local_patches; /* For possible -v */
266 #ifdef HAVE_INTERP_INTERN
270 PerlIO_init(aTHX); /* Hook to IO system */
272 PL_fdpid = newAV(); /* for remembering popen pids by fd */
273 PL_modglobal = newHV(); /* pointers to per-interpreter module globals */
274 PL_errors = newSVpvn("",0);
275 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(0), "", 0); /* For regex debugging. */
276 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(1), "", 0); /* ext/re needs these */
277 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(2), "", 0); /* even without DEBUGGING. */
279 PL_regex_padav = newAV();
280 av_push(PL_regex_padav,(SV*)newAV()); /* First entry is an array of empty elements */
281 PL_regex_pad = AvARRAY(PL_regex_padav);
283 #ifdef USE_REENTRANT_API
284 Perl_reentrant_init(aTHX);
287 /* Note that strtab is a rather special HV. Assumptions are made
288 about not iterating on it, and not adding tie magic to it.
289 It is properly deallocated in perl_destruct() */
292 HvSHAREKEYS_off(PL_strtab); /* mandatory */
293 hv_ksplit(PL_strtab, 512);
295 #if defined(__DYNAMIC__) && (defined(NeXT) || defined(__NeXT__))
296 _dyld_lookup_and_bind
297 ("__environ", (unsigned long *) &environ_pointer, NULL);
301 # ifdef USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY
302 PL_origenviron = environ;
306 /* Use sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK) if available, if not
307 * available or if the sysconf() fails, use the HZ.
308 * BeOS has those, but returns the wrong value.
309 * The HZ if not originally defined has been by now
310 * been defined as CLK_TCK, if available. */
311 #if defined(HAS_SYSCONF) && defined(_SC_CLK_TCK) && !defined(__BEOS__)
312 PL_clocktick = sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK);
313 if (PL_clocktick <= 0)
317 PL_stashcache = newHV();
319 PL_patchlevel = newSVpv(
320 Perl_form(aTHX_ "%d.%d.%d",
323 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION ), 0
327 if (!PL_mmap_page_size) {
328 #if defined(HAS_SYSCONF) && (defined(_SC_PAGESIZE) || defined(_SC_MMAP_PAGE_SIZE))
330 SETERRNO(0, SS_NORMAL);
332 PL_mmap_page_size = sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE);
334 PL_mmap_page_size = sysconf(_SC_MMAP_PAGE_SIZE);
336 if ((long) PL_mmap_page_size < 0) {
341 (void) SvUPGRADE(error, SVt_PV);
342 msg = SvPVx(error, n_a);
343 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: sysconf: %s", msg);
346 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: sysconf: pagesize unknown");
350 # ifdef HAS_GETPAGESIZE
351 PL_mmap_page_size = getpagesize();
353 # if defined(I_SYS_PARAM) && defined(PAGESIZE)
354 PL_mmap_page_size = PAGESIZE; /* compiletime, bad */
358 if (PL_mmap_page_size <= 0)
359 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: bad pagesize %" IVdf,
360 (IV) PL_mmap_page_size);
362 #endif /* HAS_MMAP */
364 #if defined(HAS_TIMES) && defined(PERL_NEED_TIMESBASE)
365 PL_timesbase.tms_utime = 0;
366 PL_timesbase.tms_stime = 0;
367 PL_timesbase.tms_cutime = 0;
368 PL_timesbase.tms_cstime = 0;
375 =for apidoc nothreadhook
377 Stub that provides thread hook for perl_destruct when there are
384 Perl_nothreadhook(pTHX)
390 =for apidoc perl_destruct
392 Shuts down a Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
401 volatile int destruct_level; /* 0=none, 1=full, 2=full with checks */
404 /* wait for all pseudo-forked children to finish */
405 PERL_WAIT_FOR_CHILDREN;
407 destruct_level = PL_perl_destruct_level;
411 if ((s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL"))) {
412 const int i = atoi(s);
413 if (destruct_level < i)
419 if (PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_DESTRUCT_END) {
424 if (PL_endav && !PL_minus_c)
425 call_list(PL_scopestack_ix, PL_endav);
431 /* Need to flush since END blocks can produce output */
434 if (CALL_FPTR(PL_threadhook)(aTHX)) {
435 /* Threads hook has vetoed further cleanup */
436 return STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
439 /* We must account for everything. */
441 /* Destroy the main CV and syntax tree */
443 /* ensure comppad/curpad to refer to main's pad */
444 if (CvPADLIST(PL_main_cv)) {
445 PAD_SET_CUR_NOSAVE(CvPADLIST(PL_main_cv), 1);
447 op_free(PL_main_root);
448 PL_main_root = Nullop;
450 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
451 PL_main_start = Nullop;
452 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_main_cv);
456 /* Tell PerlIO we are about to tear things apart in case
457 we have layers which are using resources that should
461 PerlIO_destruct(aTHX);
463 if (PL_sv_objcount) {
465 * Try to destruct global references. We do this first so that the
466 * destructors and destructees still exist. Some sv's might remain.
467 * Non-referenced objects are on their own.
473 /* unhook hooks which will soon be, or use, destroyed data */
474 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_warnhook);
475 PL_warnhook = Nullsv;
476 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_diehook);
479 /* call exit list functions */
480 while (PL_exitlistlen-- > 0)
481 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].fn(aTHX_ PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].ptr);
483 Safefree(PL_exitlist);
488 if (destruct_level == 0){
490 DEBUG_P(debprofdump());
492 #if defined(PERLIO_LAYERS)
493 /* No more IO - including error messages ! */
494 PerlIO_cleanup(aTHX);
497 /* The exit() function will do everything that needs doing. */
498 return STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
501 /* jettison our possibly duplicated environment */
502 /* if PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV is defined environ will not have been copied
503 * so we certainly shouldn't free it here
506 #if defined(USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY) && !defined(PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV)
507 if (environ != PL_origenviron && !PL_use_safe_putenv
509 /* only main thread can free environ[0] contents */
510 && PL_curinterp == aTHX
516 for (i = 0; environ[i]; i++)
517 safesysfree(environ[i]);
519 /* Must use safesysfree() when working with environ. */
520 safesysfree(environ);
522 environ = PL_origenviron;
525 #endif /* !PERL_MICRO */
527 /* reset so print() ends up where we expect */
531 /* the syntax tree is shared between clones
532 * so op_free(PL_main_root) only ReREFCNT_dec's
533 * REGEXPs in the parent interpreter
534 * we need to manually ReREFCNT_dec for the clones
537 I32 i = AvFILLp(PL_regex_padav) + 1;
538 SV **ary = AvARRAY(PL_regex_padav);
542 REGEXP *re = INT2PTR(REGEXP *,SvIVX(resv));
544 if (SvFLAGS(resv) & SVf_BREAK) {
545 /* this is PL_reg_curpm, already freed
546 * flag is set in regexec.c:S_regtry
548 SvFLAGS(resv) &= ~SVf_BREAK;
550 else if(SvREPADTMP(resv)) {
551 SvREPADTMP_off(resv);
558 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_regex_padav);
559 PL_regex_padav = Nullav;
563 SvREFCNT_dec((SV*) PL_stashcache);
564 PL_stashcache = NULL;
566 /* loosen bonds of global variables */
569 (void)PerlIO_close(PL_rsfp);
573 /* Filters for program text */
574 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rsfp_filters);
575 PL_rsfp_filters = Nullav;
578 PL_preprocess = FALSE;
584 PL_doswitches = FALSE;
585 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_OFF;
586 PL_doextract = FALSE;
587 PL_sawampersand = FALSE; /* must save all match strings */
590 Safefree(PL_inplace);
592 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_patchlevel);
595 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
596 PL_e_script = Nullsv;
601 /* magical thingies */
603 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ofs_sv); /* $, */
606 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ors_sv); /* $\ */
609 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rs); /* $/ */
612 PL_multiline = 0; /* $* */
613 Safefree(PL_osname); /* $^O */
616 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_statname);
617 PL_statname = Nullsv;
620 /* defgv, aka *_ should be taken care of elsewhere */
622 /* clean up after study() */
623 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_lastscream);
624 PL_lastscream = Nullsv;
625 Safefree(PL_screamfirst);
627 Safefree(PL_screamnext);
631 Safefree(PL_efloatbuf);
632 PL_efloatbuf = Nullch;
635 /* startup and shutdown function lists */
636 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_beginav);
637 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_beginav_save);
638 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_endav);
639 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_checkav);
640 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_checkav_save);
641 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_initav);
643 PL_beginav_save = Nullav;
646 PL_checkav_save = Nullav;
649 /* shortcuts just get cleared */
655 PL_argvoutgv = Nullgv;
657 PL_stderrgv = Nullgv;
658 PL_last_in_gv = Nullgv;
663 PL_DBsingle = Nullsv;
665 PL_DBsignal = Nullsv;
666 PL_DBassertion = Nullsv;
669 PL_debstash = Nullhv;
671 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_argvout_stack);
672 PL_argvout_stack = Nullav;
674 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_modglobal);
675 PL_modglobal = Nullhv;
676 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_preambleav);
677 PL_preambleav = Nullav;
678 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_subname);
680 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_linestr);
682 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_pidstatus);
683 PL_pidstatus = Nullhv;
684 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_toptarget);
685 PL_toptarget = Nullsv;
686 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_bodytarget);
687 PL_bodytarget = Nullsv;
688 PL_formtarget = Nullsv;
690 /* free locale stuff */
691 #ifdef USE_LOCALE_COLLATE
692 Safefree(PL_collation_name);
693 PL_collation_name = Nullch;
696 #ifdef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC
697 Safefree(PL_numeric_name);
698 PL_numeric_name = Nullch;
699 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_numeric_radix_sv);
700 PL_numeric_radix_sv = Nullsv;
703 /* clear utf8 character classes */
704 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alnum);
705 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alnumc);
706 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_ascii);
707 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alpha);
708 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_space);
709 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_cntrl);
710 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_graph);
711 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_digit);
712 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_upper);
713 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_lower);
714 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_print);
715 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_punct);
716 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_xdigit);
717 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_mark);
718 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_toupper);
719 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_totitle);
720 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_tolower);
721 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_tofold);
722 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_idstart);
723 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_idcont);
724 PL_utf8_alnum = Nullsv;
725 PL_utf8_alnumc = Nullsv;
726 PL_utf8_ascii = Nullsv;
727 PL_utf8_alpha = Nullsv;
728 PL_utf8_space = Nullsv;
729 PL_utf8_cntrl = Nullsv;
730 PL_utf8_graph = Nullsv;
731 PL_utf8_digit = Nullsv;
732 PL_utf8_upper = Nullsv;
733 PL_utf8_lower = Nullsv;
734 PL_utf8_print = Nullsv;
735 PL_utf8_punct = Nullsv;
736 PL_utf8_xdigit = Nullsv;
737 PL_utf8_mark = Nullsv;
738 PL_utf8_toupper = Nullsv;
739 PL_utf8_totitle = Nullsv;
740 PL_utf8_tolower = Nullsv;
741 PL_utf8_tofold = Nullsv;
742 PL_utf8_idstart = Nullsv;
743 PL_utf8_idcont = Nullsv;
745 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
746 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
747 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = Nullsv;
748 if (!specialCopIO(PL_compiling.cop_io))
749 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_io);
750 PL_compiling.cop_io = Nullsv;
751 CopFILE_free(&PL_compiling);
752 CopSTASH_free(&PL_compiling);
754 /* Prepare to destruct main symbol table. */
759 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_curstname);
760 PL_curstname = Nullsv;
762 /* clear queued errors */
763 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_errors);
767 if (destruct_level >= 2 && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL)) {
768 if (PL_scopestack_ix != 0)
769 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
770 "Unbalanced scopes: %ld more ENTERs than LEAVEs\n",
771 (long)PL_scopestack_ix);
772 if (PL_savestack_ix != 0)
773 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
774 "Unbalanced saves: %ld more saves than restores\n",
775 (long)PL_savestack_ix);
776 if (PL_tmps_floor != -1)
777 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Unbalanced tmps: %ld more allocs than frees\n",
778 (long)PL_tmps_floor + 1);
779 if (cxstack_ix != -1)
780 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Unbalanced context: %ld more PUSHes than POPs\n",
781 (long)cxstack_ix + 1);
784 /* Now absolutely destruct everything, somehow or other, loops or no. */
785 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) |= SVTYPEMASK; /* don't clean out pid table now */
786 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) |= SVTYPEMASK; /* don't clean out strtab now */
788 /* the 2 is for PL_fdpid and PL_strtab */
789 while (PL_sv_count > 2 && sv_clean_all())
792 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) &= ~SVTYPEMASK;
793 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) |= SVt_PVAV;
794 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) &= ~SVTYPEMASK;
795 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) |= SVt_PVHV;
797 AvREAL_off(PL_fdpid); /* no surviving entries */
798 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_fdpid); /* needed in io_close() */
801 #ifdef HAVE_INTERP_INTERN
805 /* Destruct the global string table. */
807 /* Yell and reset the HeVAL() slots that are still holding refcounts,
808 * so that sv_free() won't fail on them.
816 max = HvMAX(PL_strtab);
817 array = HvARRAY(PL_strtab);
820 if (hent && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL)) {
821 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
822 "Unbalanced string table refcount: (%d) for \"%s\"",
823 HeVAL(hent) - Nullsv, HeKEY(hent));
824 HeVAL(hent) = Nullsv;
834 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_strtab);
837 /* free the pointer table used for cloning */
838 ptr_table_free(PL_ptr_table);
839 PL_ptr_table = (PTR_TBL_t*)NULL;
842 /* free special SVs */
844 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_yes) = 0;
845 sv_clear(&PL_sv_yes);
846 SvANY(&PL_sv_yes) = NULL;
847 SvFLAGS(&PL_sv_yes) = 0;
849 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_no) = 0;
851 SvANY(&PL_sv_no) = NULL;
852 SvFLAGS(&PL_sv_no) = 0;
856 for (i=0; i<=2; i++) {
857 SvREFCNT(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = 0;
858 sv_clear(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i));
859 SvANY(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = NULL;
860 SvFLAGS(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = 0;
864 if (PL_sv_count != 0 && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
865 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Scalars leaked: %ld\n", (long)PL_sv_count);
867 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS
868 if (PL_sv_count != 0) {
873 for (sva = PL_sv_arenaroot; sva; sva = (SV*)SvANY(sva)) {
874 svend = &sva[SvREFCNT(sva)];
875 for (sv = sva + 1; sv < svend; ++sv) {
876 if (SvTYPE(sv) != SVTYPEMASK) {
877 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "leaked: sv=0x%p"
879 " refcnt=%"UVuf pTHX__FORMAT "\n"
880 "\tallocated at %s:%d %s %s%s\n",
881 sv, sv->sv_flags, sv->sv_refcnt pTHX__VALUE,
882 sv->sv_debug_file ? sv->sv_debug_file : "(unknown)",
884 sv->sv_debug_inpad ? "for" : "by",
885 sv->sv_debug_optype ?
886 PL_op_name[sv->sv_debug_optype]: "(none)",
887 sv->sv_debug_cloned ? " (cloned)" : ""
897 #if defined(PERLIO_LAYERS)
898 /* No more IO - including error messages ! */
899 PerlIO_cleanup(aTHX);
902 /* sv_undef needs to stay immortal until after PerlIO_cleanup
903 as currently layers use it rather than Nullsv as a marker
904 for no arg - and will try and SvREFCNT_dec it.
906 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_undef) = 0;
907 SvREADONLY_off(&PL_sv_undef);
909 Safefree(PL_origfilename);
910 PL_origfilename = Nullch;
911 Safefree(PL_reg_start_tmp);
912 PL_reg_start_tmp = (char**)NULL;
913 PL_reg_start_tmpl = 0;
915 Safefree(PL_reg_curpm);
916 Safefree(PL_reg_poscache);
918 Safefree(PL_op_mask);
919 Safefree(PL_psig_ptr);
920 PL_psig_ptr = (SV**)NULL;
921 Safefree(PL_psig_name);
922 PL_psig_name = (SV**)NULL;
923 Safefree(PL_bitcount);
924 PL_bitcount = Nullch;
925 Safefree(PL_psig_pend);
926 PL_psig_pend = (int*)NULL;
927 PL_formfeed = Nullsv;
932 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
933 PL_hints = 0; /* Reset hints. Should hints be per-interpreter ? */
936 DEBUG_P(debprofdump());
938 #ifdef USE_REENTRANT_API
939 Perl_reentrant_free(aTHX);
944 /* As the absolutely last thing, free the non-arena SV for mess() */
947 /* it could have accumulated taint magic */
948 if (SvTYPE(PL_mess_sv) >= SVt_PVMG) {
951 for (mg = SvMAGIC(PL_mess_sv); mg; mg = moremagic) {
952 moremagic = mg->mg_moremagic;
953 if (mg->mg_ptr && mg->mg_type != PERL_MAGIC_regex_global
955 Safefree(mg->mg_ptr);
959 /* we know that type >= SVt_PV */
960 SvOOK_off(PL_mess_sv);
961 Safefree(SvPVX(PL_mess_sv));
962 Safefree(SvANY(PL_mess_sv));
963 Safefree(PL_mess_sv);
966 return STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
970 =for apidoc perl_free
972 Releases a Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
980 #if defined(WIN32) || defined(NETWARE)
981 # if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS)
983 void *host = nw_internal_host;
985 void *host = w32_internal_host;
989 nw_delete_internal_host(host);
991 win32_delete_internal_host(host);
1001 #if defined(USE_5005THREADS) || defined(USE_ITHREADS)
1002 /* provide destructors to clean up the thread key when libperl is unloaded */
1003 #ifndef WIN32 /* handled during DLL_PROCESS_DETACH in win32/perllib.c */
1005 #if defined(__hpux) && !defined(__GNUC__)
1006 #pragma fini "perl_fini"
1009 #if defined(__GNUC__) && defined(__attribute__)
1010 /* want to make sure __attribute__ works here even
1011 * for -Dd_attribut=undef builds.
1013 #undef __attribute__
1016 static void __attribute__((destructor))
1025 #endif /* THREADS */
1028 Perl_call_atexit(pTHX_ ATEXIT_t fn, void *ptr)
1030 Renew(PL_exitlist, PL_exitlistlen+1, PerlExitListEntry);
1031 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].fn = fn;
1032 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].ptr = ptr;
1036 #ifdef HAS_PROCSELFEXE
1037 /* This is a function so that we don't hold on to MAXPATHLEN
1038 bytes of stack longer than necessary
1041 S_procself_val(pTHX_ SV *sv, const char *arg0)
1043 char buf[MAXPATHLEN];
1044 int len = readlink(PROCSELFEXE_PATH, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);
1046 /* On Playstation2 Linux V1.0 (kernel 2.2.1) readlink(/proc/self/exe)
1047 includes a spurious NUL which will cause $^X to fail in system
1048 or backticks (this will prevent extensions from being built and
1049 many tests from working). readlink is not meant to add a NUL.
1050 Normal readlink works fine.
1052 if (len > 0 && buf[len-1] == '\0') {
1056 /* FreeBSD's implementation is acknowledged to be imperfect, sometimes
1057 returning the text "unknown" from the readlink rather than the path
1058 to the executable (or returning an error from the readlink). Any valid
1059 path has a '/' in it somewhere, so use that to validate the result.
1060 See http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/query-pr.cgi?pr=35703
1062 if (len > 0 && memchr(buf, '/', len)) {
1063 sv_setpvn(sv,buf,len);
1069 #endif /* HAS_PROCSELFEXE */
1072 S_set_caret_X(pTHX) {
1073 GV* tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("\030",TRUE, SVt_PV); /* $^X */
1075 #ifdef HAS_PROCSELFEXE
1076 S_procself_val(aTHX_ GvSV(tmpgv), PL_origargv[0]);
1079 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv), os2_execname(aTHX));
1081 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv),PL_origargv[0]);
1088 =for apidoc perl_parse
1090 Tells a Perl interpreter to parse a Perl script. See L<perlembed>.
1096 perl_parse(pTHXx_ XSINIT_t xsinit, int argc, char **argv, char **env)
1103 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
1106 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "suidperl is no longer needed since the kernel can now execute\n\
1107 setuid perl scripts securely.\n");
1108 #endif /* IAMSUID */
1111 #if defined(USE_HASH_SEED) || defined(USE_HASH_SEED_EXPLICIT)
1112 /* [perl #22371] Algorimic Complexity Attack on Perl 5.6.1, 5.8.0
1113 * This MUST be done before any hash stores or fetches take place.
1114 * If you set PL_rehash_seed (and assumedly also PL_rehash_seed_set)
1115 * yourself, it is your responsibility to provide a good random seed!
1116 * You can also define PERL_HASH_SEED in compile time, see hv.h. */
1117 if (!PL_rehash_seed_set)
1118 PL_rehash_seed = get_hash_seed();
1120 char *s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_HASH_SEED_DEBUG");
1126 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "HASH_SEED = %"UVuf"\n",
1130 #endif /* #if defined(USE_HASH_SEED) || defined(USE_HASH_SEED_EXPLICIT) */
1136 /* Set PL_origalen be the sum of the contiguous argv[]
1137 * elements plus the size of the env in case that it is
1138 * contiguous with the argv[]. This is used in mg.c:Perl_magic_set()
1139 * as the maximum modifiable length of $0. In the worst case
1140 * the area we are able to modify is limited to the size of
1141 * the original argv[0]. (See below for 'contiguous', though.)
1143 const char *s = NULL;
1146 ~(UV)(PTRSIZE == 4 ? 3 : PTRSIZE == 8 ? 7 : PTRSIZE == 16 ? 15 : 0);
1147 /* Do the mask check only if the args seem like aligned. */
1149 (mask < ~(UV)0) && ((PTR2UV(argv[0]) & mask) == PTR2UV(argv[0]));
1151 /* See if all the arguments are contiguous in memory. Note
1152 * that 'contiguous' is a loose term because some platforms
1153 * align the argv[] and the envp[]. If the arguments look
1154 * like non-aligned, assume that they are 'strictly' or
1155 * 'traditionally' contiguous. If the arguments look like
1156 * aligned, we just check that they are within aligned
1157 * PTRSIZE bytes. As long as no system has something bizarre
1158 * like the argv[] interleaved with some other data, we are
1159 * fine. (Did I just evoke Murphy's Law?) --jhi */
1160 if (PL_origargv && PL_origargc >= 1 && (s = PL_origargv[0])) {
1162 for (i = 1; i < PL_origargc; i++) {
1163 if ((PL_origargv[i] == s + 1
1165 || PL_origargv[i] == s + 2
1170 (PL_origargv[i] > s &&
1172 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1182 /* Can we grab env area too to be used as the area for $0? */
1183 if (PL_origenviron) {
1184 if ((PL_origenviron[0] == s + 1
1186 || (PL_origenviron[0] == s + 9 && (s += 8))
1191 (PL_origenviron[0] > s &&
1192 PL_origenviron[0] <=
1193 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1197 s = PL_origenviron[0];
1200 my_setenv("NoNe SuCh", Nullch);
1201 /* Force copy of environment. */
1202 for (i = 1; PL_origenviron[i]; i++) {
1203 if (PL_origenviron[i] == s + 1
1206 (PL_origenviron[i] > s &&
1207 PL_origenviron[i] <=
1208 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1211 s = PL_origenviron[i];
1219 PL_origalen = s - PL_origargv[0] + 1;
1224 /* Come here if running an undumped a.out. */
1226 PL_origfilename = savepv(argv[0]);
1227 PL_do_undump = FALSE;
1228 cxstack_ix = -1; /* start label stack again */
1230 assert (!PL_tainted);
1232 S_set_caret_X(aTHX);
1234 init_postdump_symbols(argc,argv,env);
1239 op_free(PL_main_root);
1240 PL_main_root = Nullop;
1242 PL_main_start = Nullop;
1243 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_main_cv);
1244 PL_main_cv = Nullcv;
1247 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
1248 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_OFF;
1253 parse_body(env,xsinit);
1255 call_list(oldscope, PL_checkav);
1262 /* my_exit() was called */
1263 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
1266 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
1268 call_list(oldscope, PL_checkav);
1269 ret = STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
1272 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: top_env\n");
1281 S_parse_body(pTHX_ char **env, XSINIT_t xsinit)
1284 int argc = PL_origargc;
1285 char **argv = PL_origargv;
1286 const char *scriptname = NULL;
1287 VOL bool dosearch = FALSE;
1288 const char *validarg = "";
1291 const char *cddir = Nullch;
1292 bool minus_f = FALSE;
1296 sv_setpvn(PL_linestr,"",0);
1297 sv = newSVpvn("",0); /* first used for -I flags */
1301 for (argc--,argv++; argc > 0; argc--,argv++) {
1302 if (argv[0][0] != '-' || !argv[0][1])
1306 validarg = " PHOOEY ";
1310 * Can we rely on the kernel to start scripts with argv[1] set to
1311 * contain all #! line switches (the whole line)? (argv[0] is set to
1312 * the interpreter name, argv[2] to the script name; argv[3] and
1313 * above may contain other arguments.)
1320 #ifndef PERL_STRICT_CR
1345 if ((s = moreswitches(s)))
1350 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('t');
1351 if( !PL_tainting ) {
1352 PL_taint_warn = TRUE;
1358 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('T');
1360 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
1365 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1366 /* ignore -e for Dev:Pseudo argument */
1367 if (argv[1] && !strcmp(argv[1], "Dev:Pseudo"))
1372 PL_e_script = newSVpvn("",0);
1373 filter_add(read_e_script, NULL);
1376 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, s);
1378 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, argv[1]);
1382 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No code specified for -e");
1383 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, "\n");
1391 case 'I': /* -I handled both here and in moreswitches() */
1393 if (!*++s && (s=argv[1]) != Nullch) {
1398 STRLEN len = strlen(s);
1399 p = savepvn(s, len);
1400 incpush(p, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE, FALSE);
1401 sv_catpvn(sv, "-I", 2);
1402 sv_catpvn(sv, p, len);
1403 sv_catpvn(sv, " ", 1);
1407 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No directory specified for -I");
1411 PL_preprocess = TRUE;
1421 PL_preambleav = newAV();
1422 av_push(PL_preambleav, newSVpv("use Config qw(myconfig config_vars)",0));
1426 PL_Sv = newSVpv("print myconfig();",0);
1428 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"print \"\\nCharacteristics of this PERLSHR image: \\n\",");
1430 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"print \"\\nCharacteristics of this binary (from libperl): \\n\",");
1432 opts = SvCUR(PL_Sv);
1434 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"\" Compile-time options:");
1436 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," DEBUGGING");
1438 # ifdef MULTIPLICITY
1439 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," MULTIPLICITY");
1441 # ifdef USE_5005THREADS
1442 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_5005THREADS");
1444 # ifdef USE_ITHREADS
1445 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_ITHREADS");
1447 # ifdef USE_64_BIT_INT
1448 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_64_BIT_INT");
1450 # ifdef USE_64_BIT_ALL
1451 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_64_BIT_ALL");
1453 # ifdef USE_LONG_DOUBLE
1454 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_LONG_DOUBLE");
1456 # ifdef USE_LARGE_FILES
1457 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_LARGE_FILES");
1460 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_SOCKS");
1462 # ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
1463 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_SITECUSTOMIZE");
1465 # ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
1466 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT");
1468 # ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
1469 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS");
1472 while (SvCUR(PL_Sv) > opts+76) {
1473 /* find last space after "options: " and before col 76 */
1476 char *pv = SvPV_nolen(PL_Sv);
1477 const char c = pv[opts+76];
1479 space = strrchr(pv+opts+26, ' ');
1481 if (!space) break; /* "Can't happen" */
1483 /* break the line before that space */
1486 sv_insert(PL_Sv, opts, 0,
1490 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"\\n\",");
1492 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
1493 if (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT > 0) {
1495 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"\" Locally applied patches:\\n\",");
1496 for (i = 1; i <= LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT; i++) {
1497 if (PL_localpatches[i])
1498 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ PL_Sv,"q%c\t%s\n%c,",
1499 0, PL_localpatches[i], 0);
1503 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ PL_Sv,"\" Built under %s\\n\"",OSNAME);
1506 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ PL_Sv,",\" Compiled at %s %s\\n\"",__DATE__,__TIME__);
1508 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ PL_Sv,",\" Compiled on %s\\n\"",__DATE__);
1511 sv_catpv(PL_Sv, "; \
1513 @env = map { \"$_=\\\"$ENV{$_}\\\"\" } sort grep {/^PERL/} keys %ENV; ");
1516 push @env, \"CYGWIN=\\\"$ENV{CYGWIN}\\\"\";");
1519 print \" \\%ENV:\\n @env\\n\" if @env; \
1520 print \" \\@INC:\\n @INC\\n\";");
1523 PL_Sv = newSVpv("config_vars(qw(",0);
1524 sv_catpv(PL_Sv, ++s);
1525 sv_catpv(PL_Sv, "))");
1528 av_push(PL_preambleav, PL_Sv);
1529 scriptname = BIT_BUCKET; /* don't look for script or read stdin */
1532 PL_doextract = TRUE;
1540 if (!*++s || isSPACE(*s)) {
1544 /* catch use of gnu style long options */
1545 if (strEQ(s, "version")) {
1549 if (strEQ(s, "help")) {
1556 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Unrecognized switch: -%s (-h will show valid options)",s);
1562 #ifndef SECURE_INTERNAL_GETENV
1565 (s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL5OPT")))
1567 const char *popt = s;
1570 if (*s == '-' && *(s+1) == 'T') {
1571 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('T');
1573 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
1576 char *popt_copy = Nullch;
1589 if (!strchr("DIMUdmtwA", *s))
1590 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Illegal switch in PERL5OPT: -%c", *s);
1594 popt_copy = SvPVX(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(popt,0)));
1595 s = popt_copy + (s - popt);
1596 d = popt_copy + (d - popt);
1603 if( !PL_tainting ) {
1604 PL_taint_warn = TRUE;
1614 #ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
1617 PL_preambleav = newAV();
1618 av_unshift(PL_preambleav, 1);
1619 (void)av_store(PL_preambleav, 0, Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "BEGIN { do '%s/sitecustomize.pl' }", SITELIB_EXP));
1623 if (PL_taint_warn && PL_dowarn != G_WARN_ALL_OFF) {
1624 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = newSVpvn(WARN_TAINTstring, WARNsize);
1628 scriptname = argv[0];
1631 scriptname = BIT_BUCKET; /* don't look for script or read stdin */
1633 else if (scriptname == Nullch) {
1635 if ( PerlLIO_isatty(PerlIO_fileno(PerlIO_stdin())) )
1641 /* Set $^X early so that it can be used for relocatable paths in @INC */
1642 assert (!PL_tainted);
1644 S_set_caret_X(aTHX);
1648 open_script(scriptname,dosearch,sv);
1650 validate_suid(validarg, scriptname);
1653 #if defined(SIGCHLD) || defined(SIGCLD)
1656 # define SIGCHLD SIGCLD
1658 Sighandler_t sigstate = rsignal_state(SIGCHLD);
1659 if (sigstate == SIG_IGN) {
1660 if (ckWARN(WARN_SIGNAL))
1661 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_SIGNAL),
1662 "Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default");
1663 (void)rsignal(SIGCHLD, (Sighandler_t)SIG_DFL);
1669 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1670 if (PL_doextract || gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
1675 if (cddir && PerlDir_chdir( (char *)cddir ) < 0)
1676 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't chdir to %s",cddir);
1680 PL_main_cv = PL_compcv = (CV*)NEWSV(1104,0);
1681 sv_upgrade((SV *)PL_compcv, SVt_PVCV);
1682 CvUNIQUE_on(PL_compcv);
1684 CvPADLIST(PL_compcv) = pad_new(0);
1685 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
1686 CvOWNER(PL_compcv) = 0;
1687 New(666, CvMUTEXP(PL_compcv), 1, perl_mutex);
1688 MUTEX_INIT(CvMUTEXP(PL_compcv));
1689 #endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
1692 boot_core_UNIVERSAL();
1693 boot_core_xsutils();
1696 (*xsinit)(aTHX); /* in case linked C routines want magical variables */
1698 #if defined(VMS) || defined(WIN32) || defined(DJGPP) || defined(__CYGWIN__) || defined(EPOC)
1704 # ifdef HAS_SOCKS5_INIT
1705 socks5_init(argv[0]);
1711 init_predump_symbols();
1712 /* init_postdump_symbols not currently designed to be called */
1713 /* more than once (ENV isn't cleared first, for example) */
1714 /* But running with -u leaves %ENV & @ARGV undefined! XXX */
1716 init_postdump_symbols(argc,argv,env);
1718 /* PL_unicode is turned on by -C, or by $ENV{PERL_UNICODE},
1719 * or explicitly in some platforms.
1720 * locale.c:Perl_init_i18nl10n() if the environment
1721 * look like the user wants to use UTF-8. */
1722 #if defined(SYMBIAN)
1723 PL_unicode = PERL_UNICODE_STD_FLAG; /* See PERL_SYMBIAN_CONSOLE_UTF8. */
1726 /* Requires init_predump_symbols(). */
1727 if (!(PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_LOCALE_FLAG) || PL_utf8locale) {
1732 /* Turn on UTF-8-ness on STDIN, STDOUT, STDERR
1733 * and the default open disciplines. */
1734 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDIN_FLAG) &&
1735 PL_stdingv && (io = GvIO(PL_stdingv)) &&
1737 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
1738 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDOUT_FLAG) &&
1739 PL_defoutgv && (io = GvIO(PL_defoutgv)) &&
1741 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
1742 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDERR_FLAG) &&
1743 PL_stderrgv && (io = GvIO(PL_stderrgv)) &&
1745 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
1746 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_INOUT_FLAG) &&
1747 (sv = GvSV(gv_fetchpv("\017PEN", TRUE, SVt_PV)))) {
1748 U32 in = PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_IN_FLAG;
1749 U32 out = PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_OUT_FLAG;
1752 sv_setpvn(sv, ":utf8\0:utf8", 11);
1754 sv_setpvn(sv, ":utf8\0", 6);
1757 sv_setpvn(sv, "\0:utf8", 6);
1763 if ((s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_SIGNALS"))) {
1764 if (strEQ(s, "unsafe"))
1765 PL_signals |= PERL_SIGNALS_UNSAFE_FLAG;
1766 else if (strEQ(s, "safe"))
1767 PL_signals &= ~PERL_SIGNALS_UNSAFE_FLAG;
1769 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "PERL_SIGNALS illegal: \"%s\"", s);
1774 /* now parse the script */
1776 SETERRNO(0,SS_NORMAL);
1778 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1779 if (gMacPerl_SyntaxError = (yyparse() || PL_error_count)) {
1781 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s had compilation errors.\n", MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
1783 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Execution of %s aborted due to compilation errors.\n",
1784 MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
1788 if (yyparse() || PL_error_count) {
1790 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s had compilation errors.\n", PL_origfilename);
1792 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Execution of %s aborted due to compilation errors.\n",
1797 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, 0);
1798 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
1799 PL_preprocess = FALSE;
1801 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
1802 PL_e_script = Nullsv;
1809 SAVECOPFILE(PL_curcop);
1810 SAVECOPLINE(PL_curcop);
1811 gv_check(PL_defstash);
1818 if ((s=PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS")) && atoi(s) >= 2)
1819 dump_mstats("after compilation:");
1828 =for apidoc perl_run
1830 Tells a Perl interpreter to run. See L<perlembed>.
1842 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
1850 cxstack_ix = -1; /* start context stack again */
1852 case 0: /* normal completion */
1856 case 2: /* my_exit() */
1857 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
1860 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
1861 if (!(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_DESTRUCT_END) &&
1862 PL_endav && !PL_minus_c)
1863 call_list(oldscope, PL_endav);
1865 if (PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS"))
1866 dump_mstats("after execution: ");
1868 ret = STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
1872 POPSTACK_TO(PL_mainstack);
1875 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: restartop\n");
1887 S_run_body(pTHX_ I32 oldscope)
1889 DEBUG_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "%s $` $& $' support.\n",
1890 PL_sawampersand ? "Enabling" : "Omitting"));
1892 if (!PL_restartop) {
1893 DEBUG_x(dump_all());
1895 PERL_DEBUG(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "\nEXECUTING...\n\n"));
1896 DEBUG_S(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "main thread is 0x%"UVxf"\n",
1900 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1901 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "%s%s syntax OK\n",
1902 (gMacPerl_ErrorFormat ? "# " : ""),
1903 MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
1905 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "%s syntax OK\n", PL_origfilename);
1909 if (PERLDB_SINGLE && PL_DBsingle)
1910 sv_setiv(PL_DBsingle, 1);
1912 call_list(oldscope, PL_initav);
1918 PL_op = PL_restartop;
1922 else if (PL_main_start) {
1923 CvDEPTH(PL_main_cv) = 1;
1924 PL_op = PL_main_start;
1932 =head1 SV Manipulation Functions
1934 =for apidoc p||get_sv
1936 Returns the SV of the specified Perl scalar. If C<create> is set and the
1937 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
1938 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
1944 Perl_get_sv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
1947 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
1948 if (name[1] == '\0' && !isALPHA(name[0])) {
1949 PADOFFSET tmp = find_threadsv(name);
1950 if (tmp != NOT_IN_PAD)
1951 return THREADSV(tmp);
1953 #endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
1954 gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PV);
1961 =head1 Array Manipulation Functions
1963 =for apidoc p||get_av
1965 Returns the AV of the specified Perl array. If C<create> is set and the
1966 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
1967 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
1973 Perl_get_av(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
1975 GV* gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVAV);
1984 =head1 Hash Manipulation Functions
1986 =for apidoc p||get_hv
1988 Returns the HV of the specified Perl hash. If C<create> is set and the
1989 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
1990 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
1996 Perl_get_hv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
1998 GV* gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVHV);
2007 =head1 CV Manipulation Functions
2009 =for apidoc p||get_cv
2011 Returns the CV of the specified Perl subroutine. If C<create> is set and
2012 the Perl subroutine does not exist then it will be declared (which has the
2013 same effect as saying C<sub name;>). If C<create> is not set and the
2014 subroutine does not exist then NULL is returned.
2020 Perl_get_cv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
2022 GV* gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVCV);
2023 /* XXX unsafe for threads if eval_owner isn't held */
2024 /* XXX this is probably not what they think they're getting.
2025 * It has the same effect as "sub name;", i.e. just a forward
2027 if (create && !GvCVu(gv))
2028 return newSUB(start_subparse(FALSE, 0),
2029 newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSVpv(name,0)),
2037 /* Be sure to refetch the stack pointer after calling these routines. */
2041 =head1 Callback Functions
2043 =for apidoc p||call_argv
2045 Performs a callback to the specified Perl sub. See L<perlcall>.
2051 Perl_call_argv(pTHX_ const char *sub_name, I32 flags, register char **argv)
2053 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2054 /* null terminated arg list */
2061 XPUSHs(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(*argv,0)));
2066 return call_pv(sub_name, flags);
2070 =for apidoc p||call_pv
2072 Performs a callback to the specified Perl sub. See L<perlcall>.
2078 Perl_call_pv(pTHX_ const char *sub_name, I32 flags)
2079 /* name of the subroutine */
2080 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2082 return call_sv((SV*)get_cv(sub_name, TRUE), flags);
2086 =for apidoc p||call_method
2088 Performs a callback to the specified Perl method. The blessed object must
2089 be on the stack. See L<perlcall>.
2095 Perl_call_method(pTHX_ const char *methname, I32 flags)
2096 /* name of the subroutine */
2097 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2099 return call_sv(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(methname,0)), flags | G_METHOD);
2102 /* May be called with any of a CV, a GV, or an SV containing the name. */
2104 =for apidoc p||call_sv
2106 Performs a callback to the Perl sub whose name is in the SV. See
2113 Perl_call_sv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
2114 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2117 LOGOP myop; /* fake syntax tree node */
2120 volatile I32 retval = 0;
2122 bool oldcatch = CATCH_GET;
2127 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2132 Zero(&myop, 1, LOGOP);
2133 myop.op_next = Nullop;
2134 if (!(flags & G_NOARGS))
2135 myop.op_flags |= OPf_STACKED;
2136 myop.op_flags |= ((flags & G_VOID) ? OPf_WANT_VOID :
2137 (flags & G_ARRAY) ? OPf_WANT_LIST :
2142 EXTEND(PL_stack_sp, 1);
2143 *++PL_stack_sp = sv;
2145 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
2147 if (PERLDB_SUB && PL_curstash != PL_debstash
2148 /* Handle first BEGIN of -d. */
2149 && (PL_DBcv || (PL_DBcv = GvCV(PL_DBsub)))
2150 /* Try harder, since this may have been a sighandler, thus
2151 * curstash may be meaningless. */
2152 && (SvTYPE(sv) != SVt_PVCV || CvSTASH((CV*)sv) != PL_debstash)
2153 && !(flags & G_NODEBUG))
2154 PL_op->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_DB;
2156 if (flags & G_METHOD) {
2157 Zero(&method_op, 1, UNOP);
2158 method_op.op_next = PL_op;
2159 method_op.op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_METHOD];
2160 myop.op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_ENTERSUB];
2161 PL_op = (OP*)&method_op;
2164 if (!(flags & G_EVAL)) {
2166 call_body((OP*)&myop, FALSE);
2167 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2168 CATCH_SET(oldcatch);
2171 myop.op_other = (OP*)&myop;
2173 /* we're trying to emulate pp_entertry() here */
2175 register PERL_CONTEXT *cx;
2176 I32 gimme = GIMME_V;
2181 PUSHBLOCK(cx, (CXt_EVAL|CXp_TRYBLOCK), PL_stack_sp);
2183 PL_eval_root = PL_op; /* Only needed so that goto works right. */
2185 PL_in_eval = EVAL_INEVAL;
2186 if (flags & G_KEEPERR)
2187 PL_in_eval |= EVAL_KEEPERR;
2197 call_body((OP*)&myop, FALSE);
2198 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2199 if (!(flags & G_KEEPERR))
2206 /* my_exit() was called */
2207 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2210 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED))
2211 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Callback called exit");
2216 PL_op = PL_restartop;
2220 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2221 if (flags & G_ARRAY)
2225 *++PL_stack_sp = &PL_sv_undef;
2230 if (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope) {
2234 register PERL_CONTEXT *cx;
2245 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2246 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2256 S_call_body(pTHX_ const OP *myop, bool is_eval)
2258 if (PL_op == myop) {
2260 PL_op = Perl_pp_entereval(aTHX); /* this doesn't do a POPMARK */
2262 PL_op = Perl_pp_entersub(aTHX); /* this does */
2268 /* Eval a string. The G_EVAL flag is always assumed. */
2271 =for apidoc p||eval_sv
2273 Tells Perl to C<eval> the string in the SV.
2279 Perl_eval_sv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
2281 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2284 UNOP myop; /* fake syntax tree node */
2285 volatile I32 oldmark = SP - PL_stack_base;
2286 volatile I32 retval = 0;
2292 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2299 Zero(PL_op, 1, UNOP);
2300 EXTEND(PL_stack_sp, 1);
2301 *++PL_stack_sp = sv;
2302 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
2304 if (!(flags & G_NOARGS))
2305 myop.op_flags = OPf_STACKED;
2306 myop.op_next = Nullop;
2307 myop.op_type = OP_ENTEREVAL;
2308 myop.op_flags |= ((flags & G_VOID) ? OPf_WANT_VOID :
2309 (flags & G_ARRAY) ? OPf_WANT_LIST :
2311 if (flags & G_KEEPERR)
2312 myop.op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL;
2314 /* fail now; otherwise we could fail after the JMPENV_PUSH but
2315 * before a PUSHEVAL, which corrupts the stack after a croak */
2316 TAINT_PROPER("eval_sv()");
2322 call_body((OP*)&myop,TRUE);
2323 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2324 if (!(flags & G_KEEPERR))
2331 /* my_exit() was called */
2332 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2335 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED))
2336 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Callback called exit");
2341 PL_op = PL_restartop;
2345 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2346 if (flags & G_ARRAY)
2350 *++PL_stack_sp = &PL_sv_undef;
2356 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2357 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2367 =for apidoc p||eval_pv
2369 Tells Perl to C<eval> the given string and return an SV* result.
2375 Perl_eval_pv(pTHX_ const char *p, I32 croak_on_error)
2378 SV* sv = newSVpv(p, 0);
2380 eval_sv(sv, G_SCALAR);
2387 if (croak_on_error && SvTRUE(ERRSV)) {
2389 Perl_croak(aTHX_ SvPVx(ERRSV, n_a));
2395 /* Require a module. */
2398 =head1 Embedding Functions
2400 =for apidoc p||require_pv
2402 Tells Perl to C<require> the file named by the string argument. It is
2403 analogous to the Perl code C<eval "require '$file'">. It's even
2404 implemented that way; consider using load_module instead.
2409 Perl_require_pv(pTHX_ const char *pv)
2413 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_REQUIRE);
2415 sv = sv_newmortal();
2416 sv_setpv(sv, "require '");
2419 eval_sv(sv, G_DISCARD);
2425 Perl_magicname(pTHX_ const char *sym, const char *name, I32 namlen)
2429 if ((gv = gv_fetchpv(sym,TRUE, SVt_PV)))
2430 sv_magic(GvSV(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, namlen);
2434 S_usage(pTHX_ const char *name) /* XXX move this out into a module ? */
2436 /* This message really ought to be max 23 lines.
2437 * Removed -h because the user already knows that option. Others? */
2439 static const char * const usage_msg[] = {
2440 "-0[octal] specify record separator (\\0, if no argument)",
2441 "-A[name] activate all/given assertions",
2442 "-a autosplit mode with -n or -p (splits $_ into @F)",
2443 "-C[number/list] enables the listed Unicode features",
2444 "-c check syntax only (runs BEGIN and CHECK blocks)",
2445 "-d[:debugger] run program under debugger",
2446 "-D[number/list] set debugging flags (argument is a bit mask or alphabets)",
2447 "-e program one line of program (several -e's allowed, omit programfile)",
2448 #ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
2449 "-f don't do $sitelib/sitecustomize.pl at startup",
2451 "-F/pattern/ split() pattern for -a switch (//'s are optional)",
2452 "-i[extension] edit <> files in place (makes backup if extension supplied)",
2453 "-Idirectory specify @INC/#include directory (several -I's allowed)",
2454 "-l[octal] enable line ending processing, specifies line terminator",
2455 "-[mM][-]module execute `use/no module...' before executing program",
2456 "-n assume 'while (<>) { ... }' loop around program",
2457 "-p assume loop like -n but print line also, like sed",
2458 "-P run program through C preprocessor before compilation",
2459 "-s enable rudimentary parsing for switches after programfile",
2460 "-S look for programfile using PATH environment variable",
2461 "-t enable tainting warnings",
2462 "-T enable tainting checks",
2463 "-u dump core after parsing program",
2464 "-U allow unsafe operations",
2465 "-v print version, subversion (includes VERY IMPORTANT perl info)",
2466 "-V[:variable] print configuration summary (or a single Config.pm variable)",
2467 "-w enable many useful warnings (RECOMMENDED)",
2468 "-W enable all warnings",
2469 "-x[directory] strip off text before #!perl line and perhaps cd to directory",
2470 "-X disable all warnings",
2474 const char * const *p = usage_msg;
2476 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2477 "\nUsage: %s [switches] [--] [programfile] [arguments]",
2480 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(), "\n %s", *p++);
2483 /* convert a string of -D options (or digits) into an int.
2484 * sets *s to point to the char after the options */
2488 Perl_get_debug_opts(pTHX_ const char **s, bool givehelp)
2490 static const char * const usage_msgd[] = {
2491 " Debugging flag values: (see also -d)",
2492 " p Tokenizing and parsing (with v, displays parse stack)",
2493 " s Stack snapshots (with v, displays all stacks)",
2494 " l Context (loop) stack processing",
2495 " t Trace execution",
2496 " o Method and overloading resolution",
2497 " c String/numeric conversions",
2498 " P Print profiling info, preprocessor command for -P, source file input state",
2499 " m Memory allocation",
2500 " f Format processing",
2501 " r Regular expression parsing and execution",
2502 " x Syntax tree dump",
2503 " u Tainting checks",
2504 " H Hash dump -- usurps values()",
2505 " X Scratchpad allocation",
2507 " S Thread synchronization",
2509 " R Include reference counts of dumped variables (eg when using -Ds)",
2510 " J Do not s,t,P-debug (Jump over) opcodes within package DB",
2511 " v Verbose: use in conjunction with other flags",
2513 " A Consistency checks on internal structures",
2514 " q quiet - currently only suppresses the 'EXECUTING' message",
2519 /* if adding extra options, remember to update DEBUG_MASK */
2520 static const char debopts[] = "psltocPmfrxu HXDSTRJvCAq";
2522 for (; isALNUM(**s); (*s)++) {
2523 const char *d = strchr(debopts,**s);
2525 i |= 1 << (d - debopts);
2526 else if (ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
2527 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
2528 "invalid option -D%c, use -D'' to see choices\n", **s);
2531 else if (isDIGIT(**s)) {
2533 for (; isALNUM(**s); (*s)++) ;
2535 else if (givehelp) {
2536 char **p = (char **)usage_msgd;
2537 while (*p) PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(), "%s\n", *p++);
2540 if ((i & DEBUG_p_FLAG) && ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
2541 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
2542 "-Dp not implemented on this platform\n");
2548 /* This routine handles any switches that can be given during run */
2551 Perl_moreswitches(pTHX_ char *s)
2562 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rs);
2563 if (s[1] == 'x' && s[2]) {
2567 for (s += 2, e = s; *e; e++);
2569 flags = PERL_SCAN_SILENT_ILLDIGIT;
2570 rschar = (U32)grok_hex(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
2571 if (s + numlen < e) {
2572 rschar = 0; /* Grandfather -0xFOO as -0 -xFOO. */
2576 PL_rs = newSVpvn("", 0);
2577 SvGROW(PL_rs, (STRLEN)(UNISKIP(rschar) + 1));
2578 tmps = (U8*)SvPVX(PL_rs);
2579 uvchr_to_utf8(tmps, rschar);
2580 SvCUR_set(PL_rs, UNISKIP(rschar));
2585 rschar = (U32)grok_oct(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
2586 if (rschar & ~((U8)~0))
2587 PL_rs = &PL_sv_undef;
2588 else if (!rschar && numlen >= 2)
2589 PL_rs = newSVpvn("", 0);
2591 char ch = (char)rschar;
2592 PL_rs = newSVpvn(&ch, 1);
2595 sv_setsv(get_sv("/", TRUE), PL_rs);
2600 PL_unicode = parse_unicode_opts( (const char **)&s );
2605 while (*s && !isSPACE(*s)) ++s;
2607 PL_splitstr = savepv(PL_splitstr);
2621 /* -dt indicates to the debugger that threads will be used */
2622 if (*s == 't' && !isALNUM(s[1])) {
2624 my_setenv("PERL5DB_THREADED", "1");
2627 /* The following permits -d:Mod to accepts arguments following an =
2628 in the fashion that -MSome::Mod does. */
2629 if (*s == ':' || *s == '=') {
2632 sv = newSVpv("use Devel::", 0);
2634 /* We now allow -d:Module=Foo,Bar */
2635 while(isALNUM(*s) || *s==':') ++s;
2637 sv_catpv(sv, start);
2639 sv_catpvn(sv, start, s-start);
2640 sv_catpv(sv, " split(/,/,q{");
2645 my_setenv("PERL5DB", SvPV(sv, PL_na));
2648 PL_perldb = PERLDB_ALL;
2657 PL_debug = get_debug_opts( (const char **)&s, 1) | DEBUG_TOP_FLAG;
2658 #else /* !DEBUGGING */
2659 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
2660 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
2661 "Recompile perl with -DDEBUGGING to use -D switch (did you mean -d ?)\n");
2662 for (s++; isALNUM(*s); s++) ;
2668 usage(PL_origargv[0]);
2672 Safefree(PL_inplace);
2673 #if defined(__CYGWIN__) /* do backup extension automagically */
2674 if (*(s+1) == '\0') {
2675 PL_inplace = savepv(".bak");
2678 #endif /* __CYGWIN__ */
2679 PL_inplace = savepv(s+1);
2681 for (s = PL_inplace; *s && !isSPACE(*s); s++) ;
2684 if (*s == '-') /* Additional switches on #! line. */
2688 case 'I': /* -I handled both here and in parse_body() */
2691 while (*s && isSPACE(*s))
2696 /* ignore trailing spaces (possibly followed by other switches) */
2698 for (e = p; *e && !isSPACE(*e); e++) ;
2702 } while (*p && *p != '-');
2703 e = savepvn(s, e-s);
2704 incpush(e, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE, FALSE);
2711 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No directory specified for -I");
2717 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ors_sv);
2722 PL_ors_sv = newSVpvn("\n",1);
2723 numlen = 3 + (*s == '0');
2724 *SvPVX(PL_ors_sv) = (char)grok_oct(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
2728 if (RsPARA(PL_rs)) {
2729 PL_ors_sv = newSVpvn("\n\n",2);
2732 PL_ors_sv = newSVsv(PL_rs);
2739 PL_preambleav = newAV();
2741 SV *sv = newSVpv("use assertions::activate split(/,/,q", 0);
2742 sv_catpvn(sv, "\0", 1); /* Use NUL as q//-delimiter. */
2744 sv_catpvn(sv, "\0)", 2);
2746 av_push(PL_preambleav, sv);
2749 av_push(PL_preambleav, newSVpvn("use assertions::activate",24));
2752 forbid_setid("-M"); /* XXX ? */
2755 forbid_setid("-m"); /* XXX ? */
2759 const char *use = "use ";
2760 /* -M-foo == 'no foo' */
2761 if (*s == '-') { use = "no "; ++s; }
2762 sv = newSVpv(use,0);
2764 /* We allow -M'Module qw(Foo Bar)' */
2765 while(isALNUM(*s) || *s==':') ++s;
2767 sv_catpv(sv, start);
2768 if (*(start-1) == 'm') {
2770 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use '%c' after -mname", *s);
2771 sv_catpv( sv, " ()");
2775 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Module name required with -%c option",
2777 sv_catpvn(sv, start, s-start);
2778 sv_catpv(sv, " split(/,/,q");
2779 sv_catpvn(sv, "\0)", 1); /* Use NUL as q//-delimiter. */
2781 sv_catpvn(sv, "\0)", 2);
2785 PL_preambleav = newAV();
2786 av_push(PL_preambleav, sv);
2789 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Missing argument to -%c", *(s-1));
2801 PL_doswitches = TRUE;
2815 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2816 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Believe me, you don't want to use \"-u\" on a Macintosh");
2818 PL_do_undump = TRUE;
2826 if (!sv_derived_from(PL_patchlevel, "version"))
2827 (void *)upg_version(PL_patchlevel);
2829 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2830 Perl_form(aTHX_ "\nThis is perl, v%"SVf" built for %s",
2831 vstringify(PL_patchlevel),
2834 /* Adjust verbose output as in the perl that ships with the DG/UX OS from EMC */
2835 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2836 Perl_form(aTHX_ "\nThis is perl, v%"SVf"\n",
2837 vstringify(PL_patchlevel)));
2838 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2839 Perl_form(aTHX_ " built under %s at %s %s\n",
2840 OSNAME, __DATE__, __TIME__));
2841 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2842 Perl_form(aTHX_ " OS Specific Release: %s\n",
2846 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
2847 if (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT > 0)
2848 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2849 "\n(with %d registered patch%s, "
2850 "see perl -V for more detail)",
2851 (int)LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT,
2852 (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT!=1) ? "es" : "");
2855 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2856 "\n\nCopyright 1987-2005, Larry Wall\n");
2857 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2858 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2859 "\nMac OS port Copyright 1991-2002, Matthias Neeracher;\n"
2860 "maintained by Chris Nandor\n");
2863 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2864 "\nMS-DOS port Copyright (c) 1989, 1990, Diomidis Spinellis\n");
2867 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2868 "djgpp v2 port (jpl5003c) by Hirofumi Watanabe, 1996\n"
2869 "djgpp v2 port (perl5004+) by Laszlo Molnar, 1997-1999\n");
2872 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2873 "\n\nOS/2 port Copyright (c) 1990, 1991, Raymond Chen, Kai Uwe Rommel\n"
2874 "Version 5 port Copyright (c) 1994-2002, Andreas Kaiser, Ilya Zakharevich\n");
2877 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2878 "atariST series port, ++jrb bammi@cadence.com\n");
2881 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2882 "BeOS port Copyright Tom Spindler, 1997-1999\n");
2885 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2886 "MPE/iX port Copyright by Mark Klein and Mark Bixby, 1996-2003\n");
2889 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2890 "MVS (OS390) port by Mortice Kern Systems, 1997-1999\n");
2893 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2894 "Stratus VOS port by Paul.Green@stratus.com, 1997-2002\n");
2897 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2898 "VM/ESA port by Neale Ferguson, 1998-1999\n");
2901 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2902 "BS2000 (POSIX) port by Start Amadeus GmbH, 1998-1999\n");
2905 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2906 "MiNT port by Guido Flohr, 1997-1999\n");
2909 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2910 "EPOC port by Olaf Flebbe, 1999-2002\n");
2913 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),"WINCE port by Rainer Keuchel, 2001-2002\n");
2914 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),"Built on " __DATE__ " " __TIME__ "\n\n");
2918 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2919 "Symbian port by Nokia, 2004-2005\n");
2921 #ifdef BINARY_BUILD_NOTICE
2922 BINARY_BUILD_NOTICE;
2924 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2926 Perl may be copied only under the terms of either the Artistic License or the\n\
2927 GNU General Public License, which may be found in the Perl 5 source kit.\n\n\
2928 Complete documentation for Perl, including FAQ lists, should be found on\n\
2929 this system using `man perl' or `perldoc perl'. If you have access to the\n\
2930 Internet, point your browser at http://www.perl.org/, the Perl Home Page.\n\n");
2933 if (! (PL_dowarn & G_WARN_ALL_MASK))
2934 PL_dowarn |= G_WARN_ON;
2938 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_ALL_ON|G_WARN_ON;
2939 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
2940 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
2941 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = pWARN_ALL ;
2945 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_ALL_OFF;
2946 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
2947 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
2948 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = pWARN_NONE ;
2953 if (s[1] == '-') /* Additional switches on #! line. */
2958 #if defined(WIN32) || !defined(PERL_STRICT_CR)
2964 #ifdef ALTERNATE_SHEBANG
2965 case 'S': /* OS/2 needs -S on "extproc" line. */
2973 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't emulate -%.1s on #! line",s);
2978 /* compliments of Tom Christiansen */
2980 /* unexec() can be found in the Gnu emacs distribution */
2981 /* Known to work with -DUNEXEC and using unexelf.c from GNU emacs-20.2 */
2984 Perl_my_unexec(pTHX)
2992 prog = newSVpv(BIN_EXP, 0);
2993 sv_catpv(prog, "/perl");
2994 file = newSVpv(PL_origfilename, 0);
2995 sv_catpv(file, ".perldump");
2997 unexec(SvPVX(file), SvPVX(prog), &etext, sbrk(0), 0);
2998 /* unexec prints msg to stderr in case of failure */
2999 PerlProc_exit(status);
3002 # include <lib$routines.h>
3003 lib$signal(SS$_DEBUG); /* ssdef.h #included from vmsish.h */
3005 ABORT(); /* for use with undump */
3010 /* initialize curinterp */
3016 # define PERLVAR(var,type)
3017 # define PERLVARA(var,n,type)
3018 # if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
3019 # if defined(USE_5005THREADS)
3020 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
3021 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
3022 # else /* !USE_5005THREADS */
3023 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) aTHX->var = init;
3024 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) aTHX->var = init;
3025 # endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
3027 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
3028 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
3030 # include "intrpvar.h"
3031 # ifndef USE_5005THREADS
3032 # include "thrdvar.h"
3039 # define PERLVAR(var,type)
3040 # define PERLVARA(var,n,type)
3041 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PL_##var = init;
3042 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PL_##var = init;
3043 # include "intrpvar.h"
3044 # ifndef USE_5005THREADS
3045 # include "thrdvar.h"
3056 S_init_main_stash(pTHX)
3060 PL_curstash = PL_defstash = newHV();
3061 PL_curstname = newSVpvn("main",4);
3062 gv = gv_fetchpv("main::",TRUE, SVt_PVHV);
3063 SvREFCNT_dec(GvHV(gv));
3064 GvHV(gv) = (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(PL_defstash);
3066 HvNAME(PL_defstash) = savepvn("main", 4);
3067 PL_incgv = gv_HVadd(gv_AVadd(gv_fetchpv("INC",TRUE, SVt_PVAV)));
3068 GvMULTI_on(PL_incgv);
3069 PL_hintgv = gv_fetchpv("\010",TRUE, SVt_PV); /* ^H */
3070 GvMULTI_on(PL_hintgv);
3071 PL_defgv = gv_fetchpv("_",TRUE, SVt_PVAV);
3072 PL_errgv = gv_HVadd(gv_fetchpv("@", TRUE, SVt_PV));
3073 GvMULTI_on(PL_errgv);
3074 PL_replgv = gv_fetchpv("\022", TRUE, SVt_PV); /* ^R */
3075 GvMULTI_on(PL_replgv);
3076 (void)Perl_form(aTHX_ "%240s",""); /* Preallocate temp - for immediate signals. */
3077 sv_grow(ERRSV, 240); /* Preallocate - for immediate signals. */
3078 sv_setpvn(ERRSV, "", 0);
3079 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
3080 CopSTASH_set(&PL_compiling, PL_defstash);
3081 PL_debstash = GvHV(gv_fetchpv("DB::", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
3082 PL_globalstash = GvHV(gv_fetchpv("CORE::GLOBAL::", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
3083 /* We must init $/ before switches are processed. */
3084 sv_setpvn(get_sv("/", TRUE), "\n", 1);
3087 /* PSz 18 Nov 03 fdscript now global but do not change prototype */
3089 S_open_script(pTHX_ const char *scriptname, bool dosearch, SV *sv)
3094 const char *cpp_discard_flag;
3103 PL_origfilename = savepvn("-e", 2);
3106 /* if find_script() returns, it returns a malloc()-ed value */
3107 scriptname = PL_origfilename = find_script(scriptname, dosearch, NULL, 1);
3109 if (strnEQ(scriptname, "/dev/fd/", 8) && isDIGIT(scriptname[8]) ) {
3110 const char *s = scriptname + 8;
3111 PL_fdscript = atoi(s);
3116 * Tell apart "normal" usage of fdscript, e.g.
3117 * with bash on FreeBSD:
3118 * perl <( echo '#!perl -DA'; echo 'print "$0\n"')
3119 * from usage in suidperl.
3120 * Does any "normal" usage leave garbage after the number???
3121 * Is it a mistake to use a similar /dev/fd/ construct for
3126 * Be supersafe and do some sanity-checks.
3127 * Still, can we be sure we got the right thing?
3130 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Wrong syntax (suid) fd script name \"%s\"\n", s);
3133 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Missing (suid) fd script name\n");
3135 scriptname = savepv(s + 1);
3136 Safefree(PL_origfilename);
3137 PL_origfilename = (char *)scriptname;
3142 CopFILE_free(PL_curcop);
3143 CopFILE_set(PL_curcop, PL_origfilename);
3144 if (*PL_origfilename == '-' && PL_origfilename[1] == '\0')
3145 scriptname = (char *)"";
3146 if (PL_fdscript >= 0) {
3147 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_fdopen(PL_fdscript,PERL_SCRIPT_MODE);
3148 # if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3150 /* ensure close-on-exec */
3151 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,1);
3156 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "sperl needs fd script\n"
3157 "You should not call sperl directly; do you need to "
3158 "change a #! line\nfrom sperl to perl?\n");
3161 * Do not open (or do other fancy stuff) while setuid.
3162 * Perl does the open, and hands script to suidperl on a fd;
3163 * suidperl only does some checks, sets up UIDs and re-execs
3164 * perl with that fd as it has always done.
3167 if (PL_suidscript != 1) {
3168 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "suidperl needs (suid) fd script\n");
3171 else if (PL_preprocess) {
3172 const char *cpp_cfg = CPPSTDIN;
3173 SV *cpp = newSVpvn("",0);
3174 SV *cmd = NEWSV(0,0);
3176 if (cpp_cfg[0] == 0) /* PERL_MICRO? */
3177 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't run with cpp -P with CPPSTDIN undefined");
3178 if (strEQ(cpp_cfg, "cppstdin"))
3179 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ cpp, "%s/", BIN_EXP);
3180 sv_catpv(cpp, cpp_cfg);
3183 sv_catpvn(sv, "-I", 2);
3184 sv_catpv(sv,PRIVLIB_EXP);
3187 DEBUG_P(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3188 "PL_preprocess: scriptname=\"%s\", cpp=\"%s\", sv=\"%s\", CPPMINUS=\"%s\"\n",
3189 scriptname, SvPVX (cpp), SvPVX (sv), CPPMINUS));
3191 # if defined(MSDOS) || defined(WIN32) || defined(VMS)
3198 cpp_discard_flag = "";
3200 cpp_discard_flag = "-C";
3204 perl = os2_execname(aTHX);
3206 perl = PL_origargv[0];
3210 /* This strips off Perl comments which might interfere with
3211 the C pre-processor, including #!. #line directives are
3212 deliberately stripped to avoid confusion with Perl's version
3213 of #line. FWP played some golf with it so it will fit
3214 into VMS's 255 character buffer.
3217 code = "(1../^#!.*perl/i)|/^\\s*#(?!\\s*((ifn?|un)def|(el|end)?if|define|include|else|error|pragma)\\b)/||!($|=1)||print";
3219 code = "/^\\s*#(?!\\s*((ifn?|un)def|(el|end)?if|define|include|else|error|pragma)\\b)/||!($|=1)||print";
3221 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ cmd, "\
3222 %s -ne%s%s%s %s | %"SVf" %s %"SVf" %s",
3223 perl, quote, code, quote, scriptname, cpp,
3224 cpp_discard_flag, sv, CPPMINUS);
3226 PL_doextract = FALSE;
3228 DEBUG_P(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3229 "PL_preprocess: cmd=\"%s\"\n",
3232 PL_rsfp = PerlProc_popen(SvPVX(cmd), (char *)"r");
3236 else if (!*scriptname) {
3237 forbid_setid("program input from stdin");
3238 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_stdin();
3241 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_open(scriptname,PERL_SCRIPT_MODE);
3242 # if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3244 /* ensure close-on-exec */
3245 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,1);
3248 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3250 /* PSz 16 Sep 03 Keep neat error message */
3251 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't open perl script \"%s\": %s\n",
3252 CopFILE(PL_curcop), Strerror(errno));
3257 * I_SYSSTATVFS HAS_FSTATVFS
3259 * I_STATFS HAS_FSTATFS HAS_GETFSSTAT
3260 * I_MNTENT HAS_GETMNTENT HAS_HASMNTOPT
3261 * here so that metaconfig picks them up. */
3265 S_fd_on_nosuid_fs(pTHX_ int fd)
3268 * We used to do this as "plain" user (after swapping UIDs with setreuid);
3269 * but is needed also on machines without setreuid.
3270 * Seems safe enough to run as root.
3272 int check_okay = 0; /* able to do all the required sys/libcalls */
3273 int on_nosuid = 0; /* the fd is on a nosuid fs */
3275 * Need to check noexec also: nosuid might not be set, the average
3276 * sysadmin would say that nosuid is irrelevant once he sets noexec.
3278 int on_noexec = 0; /* the fd is on a noexec fs */
3281 * Preferred order: fstatvfs(), fstatfs(), ustat()+getmnt(), getmntent().
3282 * fstatvfs() is UNIX98.
3283 * fstatfs() is 4.3 BSD.
3284 * ustat()+getmnt() is pre-4.3 BSD.
3285 * getmntent() is O(number-of-mounted-filesystems) and can hang on
3286 * an irrelevant filesystem while trying to reach the right one.
3289 #undef FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY /* found the syscalls to do the check? */
3291 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3292 defined(HAS_FSTATVFS)
3293 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3294 struct statvfs stfs;
3296 check_okay = fstatvfs(fd, &stfs) == 0;
3297 on_nosuid = check_okay && (stfs.f_flag & ST_NOSUID);
3299 /* ST_NOEXEC certainly absent on AIX 5.1, and doesn't seem to be documented
3300 on platforms where it is present. */
3301 on_noexec = check_okay && (stfs.f_flag & ST_NOEXEC);
3303 # endif /* fstatvfs */
3305 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3306 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID) && \
3307 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC) && \
3308 defined(HAS_FSTATFS) && \
3309 defined(HAS_STRUCT_STATFS) && \
3310 defined(HAS_STRUCT_STATFS_F_FLAGS)
3311 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3314 check_okay = fstatfs(fd, &stfs) == 0;
3315 on_nosuid = check_okay && (stfs.f_flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID);
3316 on_noexec = check_okay && (stfs.f_flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC);
3317 # endif /* fstatfs */
3319 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3320 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID) && \
3321 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC) && \
3322 defined(HAS_FSTAT) && \
3323 defined(HAS_USTAT) && \
3324 defined(HAS_GETMNT) && \
3325 defined(HAS_STRUCT_FS_DATA) && \
3327 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3330 if (fstat(fd, &fdst) == 0) {
3332 if (ustat(fdst.st_dev, &us) == 0) {
3334 /* NOSTAT_ONE here because we're not examining fields which
3335 * vary between that case and STAT_ONE. */
3336 if (getmnt((int*)0, &fsd, (int)0, NOSTAT_ONE, us.f_fname) == 0) {
3337 size_t cmplen = sizeof(us.f_fname);
3338 if (sizeof(fsd.fd_req.path) < cmplen)
3339 cmplen = sizeof(fsd.fd_req.path);
3340 if (strnEQ(fsd.fd_req.path, us.f_fname, cmplen) &&
3341 fdst.st_dev == fsd.fd_req.dev) {
3343 on_nosuid = fsd.fd_req.flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID;
3344 on_noexec = fsd.fd_req.flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC;
3350 # endif /* fstat+ustat+getmnt */
3352 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3353 defined(HAS_GETMNTENT) && \
3354 defined(HAS_HASMNTOPT) && \
3355 defined(MNTOPT_NOSUID) && \
3356 defined(MNTOPT_NOEXEC)
3357 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3358 FILE *mtab = fopen("/etc/mtab", "r");
3359 struct mntent *entry;
3362 if (mtab && (fstat(fd, &stb) == 0)) {
3363 while (entry = getmntent(mtab)) {
3364 if (stat(entry->mnt_dir, &fsb) == 0
3365 && fsb.st_dev == stb.st_dev)
3367 /* found the filesystem */
3369 if (hasmntopt(entry, MNTOPT_NOSUID))
3371 if (hasmntopt(entry, MNTOPT_NOEXEC))
3374 } /* A single fs may well fail its stat(). */
3379 # endif /* getmntent+hasmntopt */
3382 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't check filesystem of script \"%s\" for nosuid/noexec", PL_origfilename);
3384 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script \"%s\" on nosuid filesystem", PL_origfilename);
3386 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script \"%s\" on noexec filesystem", PL_origfilename);
3387 return ((!check_okay) || on_nosuid || on_noexec);
3389 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3392 S_validate_suid(pTHX_ const char *validarg, const char *scriptname)
3397 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3399 /* do we need to emulate setuid on scripts? */
3401 /* This code is for those BSD systems that have setuid #! scripts disabled
3402 * in the kernel because of a security problem. Merely defining DOSUID
3403 * in perl will not fix that problem, but if you have disabled setuid
3404 * scripts in the kernel, this will attempt to emulate setuid and setgid
3405 * on scripts that have those now-otherwise-useless bits set. The setuid
3406 * root version must be called suidperl or sperlN.NNN. If regular perl
3407 * discovers that it has opened a setuid script, it calls suidperl with
3408 * the same argv that it had. If suidperl finds that the script it has
3409 * just opened is NOT setuid root, it sets the effective uid back to the
3410 * uid. We don't just make perl setuid root because that loses the
3411 * effective uid we had before invoking perl, if it was different from the
3414 * Description/comments above do not match current workings:
3415 * suidperl must be hardlinked to sperlN.NNN (that is what we exec);
3416 * suidperl called with script open and name changed to /dev/fd/N/X;
3417 * suidperl croaks if script is not setuid;
3418 * making perl setuid would be a huge security risk (and yes, that
3419 * would lose any euid we might have had).
3421 * DOSUID must be defined in both perl and suidperl, and IAMSUID must
3422 * be defined in suidperl only. suidperl must be setuid root. The
3423 * Configure script will set this up for you if you want it.
3429 if (PerlLIO_fstat(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),&PL_statbuf) < 0) /* normal stat is insecure */
3430 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't stat script \"%s\"",PL_origfilename);
3431 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & (S_ISUID|S_ISGID)) {
3436 if (PL_fdscript < 0 || PL_suidscript != 1)
3437 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Need (suid) fdscript in suidperl\n"); /* We already checked this */
3439 * Since the script is opened by perl, not suidperl, some of these
3440 * checks are superfluous. Leaving them in probably does not lower
3444 * Do checks even for systems with no HAS_SETREUID.
3445 * We used to swap, then re-swap UIDs with
3447 if (setreuid(PL_euid,PL_uid) < 0
3448 || PerlProc_getuid() != PL_euid || PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_uid)
3449 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't swap uid and euid");
3452 if (setreuid(PL_uid,PL_euid) < 0
3453 || PerlProc_getuid() != PL_uid || PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_euid)
3454 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't reswap uid and euid");
3458 /* On this access check to make sure the directories are readable,
3459 * there is actually a small window that the user could use to make
3460 * filename point to an accessible directory. So there is a faint
3461 * chance that someone could execute a setuid script down in a
3462 * non-accessible directory. I don't know what to do about that.
3463 * But I don't think it's too important. The manual lies when
3464 * it says access() is useful in setuid programs.
3466 * So, access() is pretty useless... but not harmful... do anyway.
3468 if (PerlLIO_access(CopFILE(PL_curcop),1)) { /*double check*/
3469 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't access() script\n");
3472 /* If we can swap euid and uid, then we can determine access rights
3473 * with a simple stat of the file, and then compare device and
3474 * inode to make sure we did stat() on the same file we opened.
3475 * Then we just have to make sure he or she can execute it.
3478 * As the script is opened by perl, not suidperl, we do not need to
3479 * care much about access rights.
3481 * The 'script changed' check is needed, or we can get lied to
3482 * about $0 with e.g.
3483 * suidperl /dev/fd/4//bin/x 4<setuidscript
3484 * Without HAS_SETREUID, is it safe to stat() as root?
3486 * Are there any operating systems that pass /dev/fd/xxx for setuid
3487 * scripts, as suggested/described in perlsec(1)? Surely they do not
3488 * pass the script name as we do, so the "script changed" test would
3489 * fail for them... but we never get here with
3490 * SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW defined.
3492 * This is one place where we must "lie" about return status: not
3493 * say if the stat() failed. We are doing this as root, and could
3494 * be tricked into reporting existence or not of files that the
3495 * "plain" user cannot even see.
3499 if (PerlLIO_stat(CopFILE(PL_curcop),&tmpstatbuf) < 0 ||
3500 tmpstatbuf.st_dev != PL_statbuf.st_dev ||
3501 tmpstatbuf.st_ino != PL_statbuf.st_ino) {
3502 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script changed\n");
3506 if (!cando(S_IXUSR,FALSE,&PL_statbuf)) /* can real uid exec? */
3507 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Real UID cannot exec script\n");
3510 * We used to do this check as the "plain" user (after swapping
3511 * UIDs). But the check for nosuid and noexec filesystem is needed,
3512 * and should be done even without HAS_SETREUID. (Maybe those
3513 * operating systems do not have such mount options anyway...)
3514 * Seems safe enough to do as root.
3516 #if !defined(NO_NOSUID_CHECK)
3517 if (fd_on_nosuid_fs(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp))) {
3518 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script on nosuid or noexec filesystem\n");
3521 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3523 if (!S_ISREG(PL_statbuf.st_mode)) {
3524 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script not plain file\n");
3526 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_IWOTH)
3527 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid/gid script is writable by world");
3528 PL_doswitches = FALSE; /* -s is insecure in suid */
3529 /* PSz 13 Nov 03 But -s was caught elsewhere ... so unsetting it here is useless(?!) */
3530 CopLINE_inc(PL_curcop);
3531 if (sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0) == Nullch ||
3532 strnNE(SvPV(PL_linestr,n_a),"#!",2) ) /* required even on Sys V */
3533 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No #! line");
3534 s = SvPV(PL_linestr,n_a)+2;
3536 /* Sanity check on line length */
3537 if (strlen(s) < 1 || strlen(s) > 4000)
3538 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Very long #! line");
3539 /* Allow more than a single space after #! */
3540 while (isSPACE(*s)) s++;
3541 /* Sanity check on buffer end */
3542 while ((*s) && !isSPACE(*s)) s++;
3543 for (s2 = s; (s2 > SvPV(PL_linestr,n_a)+2 &&
3544 (isDIGIT(s2[-1]) || s2[-1] == '.' || s2[-1] == '_'
3545 || s2[-1] == '-')); s2--) ;
3546 /* Sanity check on buffer start */
3547 if ( (s2-4 < SvPV(PL_linestr,n_a)+2 || strnNE(s2-4,"perl",4)) &&
3548 (s-9 < SvPV(PL_linestr,n_a)+2 || strnNE(s-9,"perl",4)) )
3549 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Not a perl script");
3550 while (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t') s++;
3552 * #! arg must be what we saw above. They can invoke it by
3553 * mentioning suidperl explicitly, but they may not add any strange
3554 * arguments beyond what #! says if they do invoke suidperl that way.
3557 * The way validarg was set up, we rely on the kernel to start
3558 * scripts with argv[1] set to contain all #! line switches (the
3562 * Check that we got all the arguments listed in the #! line (not
3563 * just that there are no extraneous arguments). Might not matter
3564 * much, as switches from #! line seem to be acted upon (also), and
3565 * so may be checked and trapped in perl. But, security checks must
3566 * be done in suidperl and not deferred to perl. Note that suidperl
3567 * does not get around to parsing (and checking) the switches on
3568 * the #! line (but execs perl sooner).
3569 * Allow (require) a trailing newline (which may be of two
3570 * characters on some architectures?) (but no other trailing
3573 len = strlen(validarg);
3574 if (strEQ(validarg," PHOOEY ") ||
3575 strnNE(s,validarg,len) || !isSPACE(s[len]) ||
3576 !(strlen(s) == len+1 || (strlen(s) == len+2 && isSPACE(s[len+1]))))
3577 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Args must match #! line");
3580 if (PL_fdscript < 0 &&
3581 PL_euid != PL_uid && (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID) &&
3582 PL_euid == PL_statbuf.st_uid)
3584 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "YOU HAVEN'T DISABLED SET-ID SCRIPTS IN THE KERNEL YET!\n\
3585 FIX YOUR KERNEL, OR PUT A C WRAPPER AROUND THIS SCRIPT!\n");
3586 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3588 if (PL_fdscript < 0 &&
3589 PL_euid) { /* oops, we're not the setuid root perl */
3591 * When root runs a setuid script, we do not go through the same
3592 * steps of execing sperl and then perl with fd scripts, but
3593 * simply set up UIDs within the same perl invocation; so do
3594 * not have the same checks (on options, whatever) that we have
3595 * for plain users. No problem really: would have to be a script
3596 * that does not actually work for plain users; and if root is
3597 * foolish and can be persuaded to run such an unsafe script, he
3598 * might run also non-setuid ones, and deserves what he gets.
3600 * Or, we might drop the PL_euid check above (and rely just on
3601 * PL_fdscript to avoid loops), and do the execs
3607 * Pass fd script to suidperl.
3608 * Exec suidperl, substituting fd script for scriptname.
3609 * Pass script name as "subdir" of fd, which perl will grok;
3610 * in fact will use that to distinguish this from "normal"
3611 * usage, see comments above.
3613 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
3614 PerlLIO_lseek(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),(Off_t)0,0); /* just in case rewind didn't */
3615 /* PSz 27 Feb 04 Sanity checks on scriptname */
3616 if ((!scriptname) || (!*scriptname) ) {
3617 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No setuid script name\n");
3619 if (*scriptname == '-') {
3620 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script name may not begin with dash\n");
3621 /* Or we might confuse it with an option when replacing
3622 * name in argument list, below (though we do pointer, not
3623 * string, comparisons).
3626 for (which = 1; PL_origargv[which] && PL_origargv[which] != scriptname; which++) ;
3627 if (!PL_origargv[which]) {
3628 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't change argv to have fd script\n");
3630 PL_origargv[which] = savepv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "/dev/fd/%d/%s",
3631 PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp), PL_origargv[which]));
3632 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3633 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,0); /* ensure no close-on-exec */
3636 PerlProc_execv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s/sperl"PERL_FS_VER_FMT, BIN_EXP,
3637 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
3638 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION), PL_origargv);
3640 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3641 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setuid (cannot exec sperl)\n");
3644 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISGID && PL_statbuf.st_gid != PL_egid) {
3646 * This seems back to front: we try HAS_SETEGID first; if not available
3647 * then try HAS_SETREGID; as a last chance we try HAS_SETRESGID. May be OK
3648 * in the sense that we only want to set EGID; but are there any machines
3649 * with either of the latter, but not the former? Same with UID, later.
3652 (void)setegid(PL_statbuf.st_gid);
3655 (void)setregid((Gid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_gid);
3657 #ifdef HAS_SETRESGID
3658 (void)setresgid((Gid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_gid,(Gid_t)-1);
3660 PerlProc_setgid(PL_statbuf.st_gid);
3664 if (PerlProc_getegid() != PL_statbuf.st_gid)
3665 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setegid!\n");
3667 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID) {
3668 if (PL_statbuf.st_uid != PL_euid)
3670 (void)seteuid(PL_statbuf.st_uid); /* all that for this */
3673 (void)setreuid((Uid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_uid);
3675 #ifdef HAS_SETRESUID
3676 (void)setresuid((Uid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_uid,(Uid_t)-1);
3678 PerlProc_setuid(PL_statbuf.st_uid);
3682 if (PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_statbuf.st_uid)
3683 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do seteuid!\n");
3685 else if (PL_uid) { /* oops, mustn't run as root */
3687 (void)seteuid((Uid_t)PL_uid);
3690 (void)setreuid((Uid_t)-1,(Uid_t)PL_uid);
3692 #ifdef HAS_SETRESUID
3693 (void)setresuid((Uid_t)-1,(Uid_t)PL_uid,(Uid_t)-1);
3695 PerlProc_setuid((Uid_t)PL_uid);
3699 if (PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_uid)
3700 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do seteuid!\n");
3703 if (!cando(S_IXUSR,TRUE,&PL_statbuf))
3704 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Effective UID cannot exec script\n"); /* they can't do this */
3707 else if (PL_preprocess) /* PSz 13 Nov 03 Caught elsewhere, useless(?!) here */
3708 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "-P not allowed for setuid/setgid script\n");
3709 else if (PL_fdscript < 0 || PL_suidscript != 1)
3710 /* PSz 13 Nov 03 Caught elsewhere, useless(?!) here */
3711 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "(suid) fdscript needed in suidperl\n");
3713 /* PSz 16 Sep 03 Keep neat error message */
3714 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Script is not setuid/setgid in suidperl\n");
3717 /* We absolutely must clear out any saved ids here, so we */
3718 /* exec the real perl, substituting fd script for scriptname. */
3719 /* (We pass script name as "subdir" of fd, which perl will grok.) */
3721 * It might be thought that using setresgid and/or setresuid (changed to
3722 * set the saved IDs) above might obviate the need to exec, and we could
3723 * go on to "do the perl thing".
3725 * Is there such a thing as "saved GID", and is that set for setuid (but
3726 * not setgid) execution like suidperl? Without exec, it would not be
3727 * cleared for setuid (but not setgid) scripts (or might need a dummy
3730 * We need suidperl to do the exact same argument checking that perl
3731 * does. Thus it cannot be very small; while it could be significantly
3732 * smaller, it is safer (simpler?) to make it essentially the same
3733 * binary as perl (but they are not identical). - Maybe could defer that
3734 * check to the invoked perl, and suidperl be a tiny wrapper instead;
3735 * but prefer to do thorough checks in suidperl itself. Such deferral
3736 * would make suidperl security rely on perl, a design no-no.
3738 * Setuid things should be short and simple, thus easy to understand and
3739 * verify. They should do their "own thing", without influence by
3740 * attackers. It may help if their internal execution flow is fixed,
3741 * regardless of platform: it may be best to exec anyway.
3743 * Suidperl should at least be conceptually simple: a wrapper only,
3744 * never to do any real perl. Maybe we should put
3746 * Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Suidperl should never do real perl\n");
3748 * into the perly bits.
3750 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
3751 PerlLIO_lseek(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),(Off_t)0,0); /* just in case rewind didn't */
3753 * Keep original arguments: suidperl already has fd script.
3755 /* for (which = 1; PL_origargv[which] && PL_origargv[which] != scriptname; which++) ; */
3756 /* if (!PL_origargv[which]) { */
3757 /* errno = EPERM; */
3758 /* Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Permission denied\n"); */
3760 /* PL_origargv[which] = savepv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "/dev/fd/%d/%s", */
3761 /* PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp), PL_origargv[which])); */
3762 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3763 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,0); /* ensure no close-on-exec */
3766 PerlProc_execv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s/perl"PERL_FS_VER_FMT, BIN_EXP,
3767 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
3768 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION), PL_origargv);/* try again */
3770 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setuid (suidperl cannot exec perl)\n");
3771 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3773 if (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid) { /* (suidperl doesn't exist, in fact) */
3774 #ifndef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
3775 PerlLIO_fstat(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),&PL_statbuf); /* may be either wrapped or real suid */
3776 if ((PL_euid != PL_uid && PL_euid == PL_statbuf.st_uid && PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID)
3778 (PL_egid != PL_gid && PL_egid == PL_statbuf.st_gid && PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISGID)
3781 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "YOU HAVEN'T DISABLED SET-ID SCRIPTS IN THE KERNEL YET!\n\
3782 FIX YOUR KERNEL, PUT A C WRAPPER AROUND THIS SCRIPT, OR USE -u AND UNDUMP!\n");
3783 #endif /* SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW */
3784 /* not set-id, must be wrapped */
3792 S_find_beginning(pTHX)
3795 register const char *s2;
3796 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3800 /* skip forward in input to the real script? */
3803 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3804 /* Since the Mac OS does not honor #! arguments for us, we do it ourselves */
3806 while (PL_doextract || gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
3807 if ((s = sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0)) == Nullch) {
3808 if (!gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract)
3809 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No Perl script found in input\n");
3811 if (PL_doextract) /* require explicit override ? */
3812 if (!OverrideExtract(PL_origfilename))
3813 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "User aborted script\n");
3815 PL_doextract = FALSE;
3817 /* Pater peccavi, file does not have #! */
3818 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
3823 while (PL_doextract) {
3824 if ((s = sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0)) == Nullch)
3825 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No Perl script found in input\n");
3828 if (*s == '#' && s[1] == '!' && ((s = instr(s,"perl")) || (s = instr(s2,"PERL")))) {
3829 PerlIO_ungetc(PL_rsfp, '\n'); /* to keep line count right */
3830 PL_doextract = FALSE;
3831 while (*s && !(isSPACE (*s) || *s == '#')) s++;
3833 while (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t') s++;
3835 while (isDIGIT(s2[-1]) || s2[-1] == '-' || s2[-1] == '.'
3836 || s2[-1] == '_') s2--;
3837 if (strnEQ(s2-4,"perl",4))
3839 while ((s = moreswitches(s)))
3842 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3843 /* We are always searching for the #!perl line in MacPerl,
3844 * so if we find it, still keep the line count correct
3845 * by counting lines we already skipped over
3847 for (; maclines > 0 ; maclines--)
3848 PerlIO_ungetc(PL_rsfp, '\n');
3852 /* gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract is false in MPW tool */
3853 } else if (gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
3864 PL_uid = PerlProc_getuid();
3865 PL_euid = PerlProc_geteuid();
3866 PL_gid = PerlProc_getgid();
3867 PL_egid = PerlProc_getegid();
3869 PL_uid |= PL_gid << 16;
3870 PL_euid |= PL_egid << 16;
3872 /* Should not happen: */
3873 CHECK_MALLOC_TAINT(PL_uid && (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid));
3874 PL_tainting |= (PL_uid && (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid));
3877 * Should go by suidscript, not uid!=euid: why disallow
3878 * system("ls") in scripts run from setuid things?
3879 * Or, is this run before we check arguments and set suidscript?
3880 * What about SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW: could we use fdscript then?
3881 * (We never have suidscript, can we be sure to have fdscript?)
3882 * Or must then go by UID checks? See comments in forbid_setid also.
3886 /* This is used very early in the lifetime of the program,
3887 * before even the options are parsed, so PL_tainting has
3888 * not been initialized properly. */
3890 Perl_doing_taint(int argc, char *argv[], char *envp[])
3892 #ifndef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
3893 /* If we have PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS we can't call getuid() et alia
3894 * before we have an interpreter-- and the whole point of this
3895 * function is to be called at such an early stage. If you are on
3896 * a system with PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS but you do have a concept of
3897 * "tainted because running with altered effective ids', you'll
3898 * have to add your own checks somewhere in here. The two most
3899 * known samples of 'implicitness' are Win32 and NetWare, neither
3900 * of which has much of concept of 'uids'. */
3901 int uid = PerlProc_getuid();
3902 int euid = PerlProc_geteuid();
3903 int gid = PerlProc_getgid();
3904 int egid = PerlProc_getegid();
3911 if (uid && (euid != uid || egid != gid))
3913 #endif /* !PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS */
3914 /* This is a really primitive check; environment gets ignored only
3915 * if -T are the first chars together; otherwise one gets
3916 * "Too late" message. */
3917 if ( argc > 1 && argv[1][0] == '-'
3918 && (argv[1][1] == 't' || argv[1][1] == 'T') )
3924 S_forbid_setid(pTHX_ const char *s)
3926 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
3927 if (PL_euid != PL_uid)
3928 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed while running setuid", s);
3929 if (PL_egid != PL_gid)
3930 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed while running setgid", s);
3931 #endif /* SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW */
3933 * Checks for UID/GID above "wrong": why disallow
3934 * perl -e 'print "Hello\n"'
3935 * from within setuid things?? Simply drop them: replaced by
3936 * fdscript/suidscript and #ifdef IAMSUID checks below.
3938 * This may be too late for command-line switches. Will catch those on
3939 * the #! line, after finding the script name and setting up
3940 * fdscript/suidscript. Note that suidperl does not get around to
3941 * parsing (and checking) the switches on the #! line, but checks that
3942 * the two sets are identical.
3944 * With SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW, could we use fdscript, also or
3945 * instead, or would that be "too late"? (We never have suidscript, can
3946 * we be sure to have fdscript?)
3948 * Catch things with suidscript (in descendant of suidperl), even with
3949 * right UID/GID. Was already checked in suidperl, with #ifdef IAMSUID,
3950 * below; but I am paranoid.
3952 * Also see comments about root running a setuid script, elsewhere.
3954 if (PL_suidscript >= 0)
3955 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed with (suid) fdscript", s);
3957 /* PSz 11 Nov 03 Catch it in suidperl, always! */
3958 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed in suidperl", s);
3959 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3963 Perl_init_debugger(pTHX)
3965 HV *ostash = PL_curstash;
3967 PL_curstash = PL_debstash;
3968 PL_dbargs = GvAV(gv_AVadd((gv_fetchpv("DB::args", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVAV))));
3969 AvREAL_off(PL_dbargs);
3970 PL_DBgv = gv_fetchpv("DB::DB", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVGV);
3971 PL_DBline = gv_fetchpv("DB::dbline", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVAV);
3972 PL_DBsub = gv_HVadd(gv_fetchpv("DB::sub", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
3973 PL_DBsingle = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("DB::single", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
3974 sv_setiv(PL_DBsingle, 0);
3975 PL_DBtrace = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("DB::trace", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
3976 sv_setiv(PL_DBtrace, 0);
3977 PL_DBsignal = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("DB::signal", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
3978 sv_setiv(PL_DBsignal, 0);
3979 PL_DBassertion = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("DB::assertion", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
3980 sv_setiv(PL_DBassertion, 0);
3981 PL_curstash = ostash;
3984 #ifndef STRESS_REALLOC
3985 #define REASONABLE(size) (size)
3987 #define REASONABLE(size) (1) /* unreasonable */
3991 Perl_init_stacks(pTHX)
3993 /* start with 128-item stack and 8K cxstack */
3994 PL_curstackinfo = new_stackinfo(REASONABLE(128),
3995 REASONABLE(8192/sizeof(PERL_CONTEXT) - 1));
3996 PL_curstackinfo->si_type = PERLSI_MAIN;
3997 PL_curstack = PL_curstackinfo->si_stack;
3998 PL_mainstack = PL_curstack; /* remember in case we switch stacks */
4000 PL_stack_base = AvARRAY(PL_curstack);
4001 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base;
4002 PL_stack_max = PL_stack_base + AvMAX(PL_curstack);
4004 New(50,PL_tmps_stack,REASONABLE(128),SV*);
4007 PL_tmps_max = REASONABLE(128);
4009 New(54,PL_markstack,REASONABLE(32),I32);
4010 PL_markstack_ptr = PL_markstack;
4011 PL_markstack_max = PL_markstack + REASONABLE(32);
4015 New(54,PL_scopestack,REASONABLE(32),I32);
4016 PL_scopestack_ix = 0;
4017 PL_scopestack_max = REASONABLE(32);
4019 New(54,PL_savestack,REASONABLE(128),ANY);
4020 PL_savestack_ix = 0;
4021 PL_savestack_max = REASONABLE(128);
4029 while (PL_curstackinfo->si_next)
4030 PL_curstackinfo = PL_curstackinfo->si_next;
4031 while (PL_curstackinfo) {
4032 PERL_SI *p = PL_curstackinfo->si_prev;
4033 /* curstackinfo->si_stack got nuked by sv_free_arenas() */
4034 Safefree(PL_curstackinfo->si_cxstack);
4035 Safefree(PL_curstackinfo);
4036 PL_curstackinfo = p;
4038 Safefree(PL_tmps_stack);
4039 Safefree(PL_markstack);
4040 Safefree(PL_scopestack);
4041 Safefree(PL_savestack);
4050 lex_start(PL_linestr);
4052 PL_subname = newSVpvn("main",4);
4056 S_init_predump_symbols(pTHX)
4061 sv_setpvn(get_sv("\"", TRUE), " ", 1);
4062 PL_stdingv = gv_fetchpv("STDIN",TRUE, SVt_PVIO);
4063 GvMULTI_on(PL_stdingv);
4064 io = GvIOp(PL_stdingv);
4065 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_RDONLY;
4066 IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stdin();
4067 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("stdin",TRUE, SVt_PV);
4069 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc(io);
4071 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("STDOUT",TRUE, SVt_PVIO);
4074 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_WRONLY;
4075 IoOFP(io) = IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stdout();
4077 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("stdout",TRUE, SVt_PV);
4079 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc(io);
4081 PL_stderrgv = gv_fetchpv("STDERR",TRUE, SVt_PVIO);
4082 GvMULTI_on(PL_stderrgv);
4083 io = GvIOp(PL_stderrgv);
4084 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_WRONLY;
4085 IoOFP(io) = IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stderr();
4086 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("stderr",TRUE, SVt_PV);
4088 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc(io);
4090 PL_statname = NEWSV(66,0); /* last filename we did stat on */
4093 Safefree(PL_osname);
4094 PL_osname = savepv(OSNAME);
4098 Perl_init_argv_symbols(pTHX_ register int argc, register char **argv)
4101 argc--,argv++; /* skip name of script */
4102 if (PL_doswitches) {
4103 for (; argc > 0 && **argv == '-'; argc--,argv++) {
4106 if (argv[0][1] == '-' && !argv[0][2]) {
4110 if ((s = strchr(argv[0], '='))) {
4112 sv_setpv(GvSV(gv_fetchpv(argv[0]+1,TRUE, SVt_PV)),s);
4115 sv_setiv(GvSV(gv_fetchpv(argv[0]+1,TRUE, SVt_PV)),1);
4118 if ((PL_argvgv = gv_fetchpv("ARGV",TRUE, SVt_PVAV))) {
4119 GvMULTI_on(PL_argvgv);
4120 (void)gv_AVadd(PL_argvgv);
4121 av_clear(GvAVn(PL_argvgv));
4122 for (; argc > 0; argc--,argv++) {
4123 SV *sv = newSVpv(argv[0],0);
4124 av_push(GvAVn(PL_argvgv),sv);
4125 if (!(PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_LOCALE_FLAG) || PL_utf8locale) {
4126 if (PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_ARGV_FLAG)
4129 if (PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_WIDESYSCALLS_FLAG) /* Sarathy? */
4130 (void)sv_utf8_decode(sv);
4136 S_init_postdump_symbols(pTHX_ register int argc, register char **argv, register char **env)
4141 PL_toptarget = NEWSV(0,0);
4142 sv_upgrade(PL_toptarget, SVt_PVFM);
4143 sv_setpvn(PL_toptarget, "", 0);
4144 PL_bodytarget = NEWSV(0,0);
4145 sv_upgrade(PL_bodytarget, SVt_PVFM);
4146 sv_setpvn(PL_bodytarget, "", 0);
4147 PL_formtarget = PL_bodytarget;
4151 init_argv_symbols(argc,argv);
4153 if ((tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("0",TRUE, SVt_PV))) {
4154 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4155 /* $0 is not majick on a Mac */
4156 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv),MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
4158 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv),PL_origfilename);
4159 magicname("0", "0", 1);
4162 if ((PL_envgv = gv_fetchpv("ENV",TRUE, SVt_PVHV))) {
4164 GvMULTI_on(PL_envgv);
4165 hv = GvHVn(PL_envgv);
4166 hv_magic(hv, Nullgv, PERL_MAGIC_env);
4168 #ifdef USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY
4169 /* Note that if the supplied env parameter is actually a copy
4170 of the global environ then it may now point to free'd memory
4171 if the environment has been modified since. To avoid this
4172 problem we treat env==NULL as meaning 'use the default'
4177 # ifdef USE_ITHREADS
4178 && PL_curinterp == aTHX
4182 environ[0] = Nullch;
4185 char** origenv = environ;
4188 for (; *env; env++) {
4189 if (!(s = strchr(*env,'=')) || s == *env)
4191 #if defined(MSDOS) && !defined(DJGPP)
4196 sv = newSVpv(s+1, 0);
4197 (void)hv_store(hv, *env, s - *env, sv, 0);
4200 if (origenv != environ) {
4201 /* realloc has shifted us */
4202 env = (env - origenv) + environ;
4207 #endif /* USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY */
4208 #endif /* !PERL_MICRO */
4211 if ((tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("$",TRUE, SVt_PV))) {
4212 SvREADONLY_off(GvSV(tmpgv));
4213 sv_setiv(GvSV(tmpgv), (IV)PerlProc_getpid());
4214 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(tmpgv));
4216 #ifdef THREADS_HAVE_PIDS
4217 PL_ppid = (IV)getppid();
4220 /* touch @F array to prevent spurious warnings 20020415 MJD */
4222 (void) get_av("main::F", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4224 /* touch @- and @+ arrays to prevent spurious warnings 20020415 MJD */
4225 (void) get_av("main::-", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4226 (void) get_av("main::+", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4230 S_init_perllib(pTHX)
4235 s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL5LIB");
4237 incpush(s, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE);
4239 incpush(PerlEnv_getenv("PERLLIB"), FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4241 /* Treat PERL5?LIB as a possible search list logical name -- the
4242 * "natural" VMS idiom for a Unix path string. We allow each
4243 * element to be a set of |-separated directories for compatibility.
4247 if (my_trnlnm("PERL5LIB",buf,0))
4248 do { incpush(buf,TRUE,TRUE,TRUE,FALSE); } while (my_trnlnm("PERL5LIB",buf,++idx));
4250 while (my_trnlnm("PERLLIB",buf,idx++)) incpush(buf,FALSE,FALSE,TRUE,FALSE);
4254 /* Use the ~-expanded versions of APPLLIB (undocumented),
4255 ARCHLIB PRIVLIB SITEARCH SITELIB VENDORARCH and VENDORLIB
4258 incpush(APPLLIB_EXP, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4262 incpush(ARCHLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4264 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4267 SV * privdir = NEWSV(55, 0);
4268 char * macperl = PerlEnv_getenv("MACPERL");
4273 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ privdir, "%slib:", macperl);
4274 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(privdir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 && S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode))
4275 incpush(SvPVX(privdir), TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4276 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ privdir, "%ssite_perl:", macperl);
4277 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(privdir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 && S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode))
4278 incpush(SvPVX(privdir), TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4280 SvREFCNT_dec(privdir);
4283 incpush(":", FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4286 # define PRIVLIB_EXP "/usr/local/lib/perl5:/usr/local/lib/perl"
4289 incpush(PRIVLIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4291 incpush(PRIVLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4295 /* sitearch is always relative to sitelib on Windows for
4296 * DLL-based path intuition to work correctly */
4297 # if !defined(WIN32)
4298 incpush(SITEARCH_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4304 /* this picks up sitearch as well */
4305 incpush(SITELIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4307 incpush(SITELIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4311 #ifdef SITELIB_STEM /* Search for version-specific dirs below here */
4312 incpush(SITELIB_STEM, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4315 #ifdef PERL_VENDORARCH_EXP
4316 /* vendorarch is always relative to vendorlib on Windows for
4317 * DLL-based path intuition to work correctly */
4318 # if !defined(WIN32)
4319 incpush(PERL_VENDORARCH_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4323 #ifdef PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP
4325 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE); /* this picks up vendorarch as well */
4327 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4331 #ifdef PERL_VENDORLIB_STEM /* Search for version-specific dirs below here */
4332 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_STEM, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4335 #ifdef PERL_OTHERLIBDIRS
4336 incpush(PERL_OTHERLIBDIRS, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4340 incpush(".", FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4341 #endif /* MACOS_TRADITIONAL */
4344 #if defined(DOSISH) || defined(EPOC) || defined(SYMBIAN)
4345 # define PERLLIB_SEP ';'
4348 # define PERLLIB_SEP '|'
4350 # if defined(MACOS_TRADITIONAL)
4351 # define PERLLIB_SEP ','
4353 # define PERLLIB_SEP ':'
4357 #ifndef PERLLIB_MANGLE
4358 # define PERLLIB_MANGLE(s,n) (s)
4361 /* Push a directory onto @INC if it exists.
4362 Generate a new SV if we do this, to save needing to copy the SV we push
4365 S_incpush_if_exists(pTHX_ SV *dir)
4368 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(dir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 &&
4369 S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode)) {
4370 av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), dir);
4377 S_incpush(pTHX_ const char *dir, bool addsubdirs, bool addoldvers, bool usesep,
4380 SV *subdir = Nullsv;
4381 const char *p = dir;
4386 if (addsubdirs || addoldvers) {
4387 subdir = NEWSV(0,0);
4390 /* Break at all separators */
4392 SV *libdir = NEWSV(55,0);
4395 /* skip any consecutive separators */
4397 while ( *p == PERLLIB_SEP ) {
4398 /* Uncomment the next line for PATH semantics */
4399 /* av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), newSVpvn(".", 1)); */
4404 if ( usesep && (s = strchr(p, PERLLIB_SEP)) != Nullch ) {
4405 sv_setpvn(libdir, PERLLIB_MANGLE(p, (STRLEN)(s - p)),
4410 sv_setpv(libdir, PERLLIB_MANGLE(p, 0));
4411 p = Nullch; /* break out */
4413 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4414 if (!strchr(SvPVX(libdir), ':')) {
4417 sv_setpv(libdir, MacPerl_CanonDir(SvPVX(libdir), buf, 0));
4419 if (SvPVX(libdir)[SvCUR(libdir)-1] != ':')
4420 sv_catpv(libdir, ":");
4423 /* Do the if() outside the #ifdef to avoid warnings about an unused
4426 #ifdef PERL_RELOCATABLE_INC
4428 * Relocatable include entries are marked with a leading .../
4431 * 0: Remove that leading ".../"
4432 * 1: Remove trailing executable name (anything after the last '/')
4433 * from the perl path to give a perl prefix
4435 * While the @INC element starts "../" and the prefix ends with a real
4436 * directory (ie not . or ..) chop that real directory off the prefix
4437 * and the leading "../" from the @INC element. ie a logical "../"
4439 * Finally concatenate the prefix and the remainder of the @INC element
4440 * The intent is that /usr/local/bin/perl and .../../lib/perl5
4441 * generates /usr/local/lib/perl5
4443 char *libpath = SvPVX(libdir);
4444 STRLEN libpath_len = SvCUR(libdir);
4445 if (libpath_len >= 4 && memEQ (libpath, ".../", 4)) {
4447 SV *caret_X = get_sv("\030", 0);
4448 /* Going to use the SV just as a scratch buffer holding a C
4454 /* $^X is *the* source of taint if tainting is on, hence
4455 SvPOK() won't be true. */
4457 assert(SvPOKp(caret_X));
4458 prefix_sv = newSVpvn(SvPVX(caret_X), SvCUR(caret_X));
4459 /* Firstly take off the leading .../
4460 If all else fail we'll do the paths relative to the current
4462 sv_chop(libdir, libpath + 4);
4463 /* Don't use SvPV as we're intentionally bypassing taining,
4464 mortal copies that the mg_get of tainting creates, and
4465 corruption that seems to come via the save stack.
4466 I guess that the save stack isn't correctly set up yet. */
4467 libpath = SvPVX(libdir);
4468 libpath_len = SvCUR(libdir);
4470 /* This would work more efficiently with memrchr, but as it's
4471 only a GNU extension we'd need to probe for it and
4472 implement our own. Not hard, but maybe not worth it? */
4474 prefix = SvPVX(prefix_sv);
4475 lastslash = strrchr(prefix, '/');
4477 /* First time in with the *lastslash = '\0' we just wipe off
4478 the trailing /perl from (say) /usr/foo/bin/perl
4482 while ((*lastslash = '\0'), /* Do that, come what may. */
4483 (libpath_len >= 3 && memEQ(libpath, "../", 3)
4484 && (lastslash = strrchr(prefix, '/')))) {
4485 if (lastslash[1] == '\0'
4486 || (lastslash[1] == '.'
4487 && (lastslash[2] == '/' /* ends "/." */
4488 || (lastslash[2] == '/'
4489 && lastslash[3] == '/' /* or "/.." */
4491 /* Prefix ends "/" or "/." or "/..", any of which
4492 are fishy, so don't do any more logical cleanup.
4496 /* Remove leading "../" from path */
4499 /* Next iteration round the loop removes the last
4500 directory name from prefix by writing a '\0' in
4501 the while clause. */
4503 /* prefix has been terminated with a '\0' to the correct
4504 length. libpath points somewhere into the libdir SV.
4505 We need to join the 2 with '/' and drop the result into
4507 tempsv = Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "%s/%s", prefix, libpath);
4508 SvREFCNT_dec(libdir);
4509 /* And this is the new libdir. */
4512 (PL_uid != PL_euid || PL_gid != PL_egid)) {
4513 /* Need to taint reloccated paths if running set ID */
4514 SvTAINTED_on(libdir);
4517 SvREFCNT_dec(prefix_sv);
4522 * BEFORE pushing libdir onto @INC we may first push version- and
4523 * archname-specific sub-directories.
4525 if (addsubdirs || addoldvers) {
4526 #ifdef PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST
4527 /* Configure terminates PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST with a NULL */
4528 const char *incverlist[] = { PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST };
4529 const char **incver;
4535 if ((unix = tounixspec_ts(SvPV(libdir,len),Nullch)) != Nullch) {
4537 while (unix[len-1] == '/') len--; /* Cosmetic */
4538 sv_usepvn(libdir,unix,len);
4541 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log,
4542 "Failed to unixify @INC element \"%s\"\n",
4546 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4547 #define PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT ""
4548 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT "%s:"
4549 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_FS_VER_FMT PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT
4551 #define PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT "/"
4552 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT "/%s"
4553 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT PERL_FS_VER_FMT
4555 /* .../version/archname if -d .../version/archname */
4556 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_ARCH_FMT,
4558 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
4559 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION, ARCHNAME);
4560 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
4562 /* .../version if -d .../version */
4563 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH, libdir,
4564 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
4565 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION);
4566 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
4568 /* .../archname if -d .../archname */
4569 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT, libdir, ARCHNAME);
4570 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
4574 #ifdef PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST
4576 for (incver = incverlist; *incver; incver++) {
4577 /* .../xxx if -d .../xxx */
4578 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT, libdir, *incver);
4579 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
4585 /* finally push this lib directory on the end of @INC */
4586 av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), libdir);
4589 assert (SvREFCNT(subdir) == 1);
4590 SvREFCNT_dec(subdir);
4594 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
4595 STATIC struct perl_thread *
4596 S_init_main_thread(pTHX)
4598 #if !defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
4599 struct perl_thread *thr;
4603 Newz(53, thr, 1, struct perl_thread);
4604 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
4605 thr->interp = PERL_GET_INTERP;
4606 thr->cvcache = newHV();
4607 thr->threadsv = newAV();
4608 /* thr->threadsvp is set when find_threadsv is called */
4609 thr->specific = newAV();
4610 thr->flags = THRf_R_JOINABLE;
4611 MUTEX_INIT(&thr->mutex);
4612 /* Handcraft thrsv similarly to mess_sv */
4613 New(53, PL_thrsv, 1, SV);
4614 Newz(53, xpv, 1, XPV);
4615 SvFLAGS(PL_thrsv) = SVt_PV;
4616 SvANY(PL_thrsv) = (void*)xpv;
4617 SvREFCNT(PL_thrsv) = 1 << 30; /* practically infinite */
4618 SvPV_set(PL_thrsvr, (char*)thr);
4619 SvCUR_set(PL_thrsv, sizeof(thr));
4620 SvLEN_set(PL_thrsv, sizeof(thr));
4621 *SvEND(PL_thrsv) = '\0'; /* in the trailing_nul field */
4622 thr->oursv = PL_thrsv;
4623 PL_chopset = " \n-";
4626 MUTEX_LOCK(&PL_threads_mutex);
4632 MUTEX_UNLOCK(&PL_threads_mutex);
4634 #ifdef HAVE_THREAD_INTERN
4635 Perl_init_thread_intern(thr);
4638 #ifdef SET_THREAD_SELF
4639 SET_THREAD_SELF(thr);
4641 thr->self = pthread_self();
4642 #endif /* SET_THREAD_SELF */
4646 * These must come after the thread self setting
4647 * because sv_setpvn does SvTAINT and the taint
4648 * fields thread selfness being set.
4650 PL_toptarget = NEWSV(0,0);
4651 sv_upgrade(PL_toptarget, SVt_PVFM);
4652 sv_setpvn(PL_toptarget, "", 0);
4653 PL_bodytarget = NEWSV(0,0);
4654 sv_upgrade(PL_bodytarget, SVt_PVFM);
4655 sv_setpvn(PL_bodytarget, "", 0);
4656 PL_formtarget = PL_bodytarget;
4657 thr->errsv = newSVpvn("", 0);
4658 (void) find_threadsv("@"); /* Ensure $@ is initialised early */
4661 PL_peepp = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_peep);
4662 PL_regcompp = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_pregcomp);
4663 PL_regexecp = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_regexec_flags);
4664 PL_regint_start = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_re_intuit_start);
4665 PL_regint_string = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_re_intuit_string);
4666 PL_regfree = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_pregfree);
4668 PL_reginterp_cnt = 0;
4672 #endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
4675 Perl_call_list(pTHX_ I32 oldscope, AV *paramList)
4679 const line_t oldline = CopLINE(PL_curcop);
4685 while (av_len(paramList) >= 0) {
4686 cv = (CV*)av_shift(paramList);
4688 if (paramList == PL_beginav) {
4689 /* save PL_beginav for compiler */
4690 if (! PL_beginav_save)
4691 PL_beginav_save = newAV();
4692 av_push(PL_beginav_save, (SV*)cv);
4694 else if (paramList == PL_checkav) {
4695 /* save PL_checkav for compiler */
4696 if (! PL_checkav_save)
4697 PL_checkav_save = newAV();
4698 av_push(PL_checkav_save, (SV*)cv);
4708 (void)SvPV(atsv, len);
4710 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
4711 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
4712 if (paramList == PL_beginav)
4713 sv_catpv(atsv, "BEGIN failed--compilation aborted");
4715 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ atsv,
4716 "%s failed--call queue aborted",
4717 paramList == PL_checkav ? "CHECK"
4718 : paramList == PL_initav ? "INIT"
4720 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
4723 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%"SVf"", atsv);
4730 /* my_exit() was called */
4731 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
4734 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
4735 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
4736 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
4738 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED)) {
4739 if (paramList == PL_beginav)
4740 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "BEGIN failed--compilation aborted");
4742 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s failed--call queue aborted",
4743 paramList == PL_checkav ? "CHECK"
4744 : paramList == PL_initav ? "INIT"
4751 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
4752 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
4755 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: restartop\n");
4764 S_call_list_body(pTHX_ CV *cv)
4766 PUSHMARK(PL_stack_sp);
4767 call_sv((SV*)cv, G_EVAL|G_DISCARD);
4772 Perl_my_exit(pTHX_ U32 status)
4774 DEBUG_S(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "my_exit: thread %p, status %lu\n",
4775 thr, (unsigned long) status));
4784 STATUS_NATIVE_SET(status);
4791 Perl_my_failure_exit(pTHX)
4794 if (vaxc$errno & 1) {
4795 if (STATUS_NATIVE & 1) /* fortuitiously includes "-1" */
4796 STATUS_NATIVE_SET(44);
4799 if (!vaxc$errno) /* unlikely */
4800 STATUS_NATIVE_SET(44);
4802 STATUS_NATIVE_SET(vaxc$errno);
4807 STATUS_POSIX_SET(errno);
4809 exitstatus = STATUS_POSIX >> 8;
4810 if (exitstatus & 255)
4811 STATUS_POSIX_SET(exitstatus);
4813 STATUS_POSIX_SET(255);
4820 S_my_exit_jump(pTHX)
4823 register PERL_CONTEXT *cx;
4828 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
4829 PL_e_script = Nullsv;
4832 POPSTACK_TO(PL_mainstack);
4833 if (cxstack_ix >= 0) {
4836 POPBLOCK(cx,PL_curpm);
4844 read_e_script(pTHX_ int idx, SV *buf_sv, int maxlen)
4850 p = SvPVX(PL_e_script);
4851 nl = strchr(p, '\n');
4852 nl = (nl) ? nl+1 : SvEND(PL_e_script);
4854 filter_del(read_e_script);
4857 sv_catpvn(buf_sv, p, nl-p);
4858 sv_chop(PL_e_script, nl);