3 * Copyright (C) 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
4 * 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * "A ship then new they built for him/of mithril and of elven glass" --Bilbo
15 /* This file contains the top-level functions that are used to create, use
16 * and destroy a perl interpreter, plus the functions used by XS code to
17 * call back into perl. Note that it does not contain the actual main()
18 * function of the interpreter; that can be found in perlmain.c
23 * Be proud that perl(1) may proclaim:
24 * Setuid Perl scripts are safer than C programs ...
25 * Do not abandon (deprecate) suidperl. Do not advocate C wrappers.
27 * The flow was: perl starts, notices script is suid, execs suidperl with same
28 * arguments; suidperl opens script, checks many things, sets itself with
29 * right UID, execs perl with similar arguments but with script pre-opened on
30 * /dev/fd/xxx; perl checks script is as should be and does work. This was
31 * insecure: see perlsec(1) for many problems with this approach.
33 * The "correct" flow should be: perl starts, opens script and notices it is
34 * suid, checks many things, execs suidperl with similar arguments but with
35 * script on /dev/fd/xxx; suidperl checks script and /dev/fd/xxx object are
36 * same, checks arguments match #! line, sets itself with right UID, execs
37 * perl with same arguments; perl checks many things and does work.
39 * (Opening the script in perl instead of suidperl, we "lose" scripts that
40 * are readable to the target UID but not to the invoker. Where did
41 * unreadable scripts work anyway?)
43 * For now, suidperl and perl are pretty much the same large and cumbersome
44 * program, so suidperl can check its argument list (see comments elsewhere).
47 * Original bug report:
48 * http://bugs.perl.org/index.html?req=bug_id&bug_id=20010322.218
49 * http://rt.perl.org/rt2/Ticket/Display.html?id=6511
50 * Comments and discussion with Debian:
51 * http://bugs.debian.org/203426
52 * http://bugs.debian.org/220486
53 * Debian Security Advisory DSA 431-1 (does not fully fix problem):
54 * http://www.debian.org/security/2004/dsa-431
56 * http://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CAN-2003-0618
57 * Previous versions of this patch sent to perl5-porters:
58 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg71953.html
59 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75245.html
60 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75563.html
61 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75635.html
63 Paul Szabo - psz@maths.usyd.edu.au http://www.maths.usyd.edu.au:8000/u/psz/
64 School of Mathematics and Statistics University of Sydney 2006 Australia
68 * Use truthful, neat, specific error messages.
69 * Cannot always hide the truth; security must not depend on doing so.
73 * Use global(?), thread-local fdscript for easier checks.
74 * (I do not understand how we could possibly get a thread race:
75 * do not all threads go through the same initialization? Or in
76 * fact, are not threads started only after we get the script and
77 * so know what to do? Oh well, make things super-safe...)
81 #define PERL_IN_PERL_C
83 #include "patchlevel.h" /* for local_patches */
87 char *nw_get_sitelib(const char *pl);
90 /* XXX If this causes problems, set i_unistd=undef in the hint file. */
95 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
97 # include <sys/wait.h>
100 # include <sys/uio.h>
105 char control[CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(int))];
122 #if !defined(STANDARD_C) && !defined(HAS_GETENV_PROTOTYPE) && !defined(PERL_MICRO)
123 char *getenv (char *); /* Usually in <stdlib.h> */
126 static I32 read_e_script(pTHX_ int idx, SV *buf_sv, int maxlen);
134 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
140 #define CALL_BODY_EVAL(myop) \
141 if (PL_op == (myop)) \
142 PL_op = Perl_pp_entereval(aTHX); \
146 #define CALL_BODY_SUB(myop) \
147 if (PL_op == (myop)) \
148 PL_op = Perl_pp_entersub(aTHX); \
152 #define CALL_LIST_BODY(cv) \
153 PUSHMARK(PL_stack_sp); \
154 call_sv((SV*)(cv), G_EVAL|G_DISCARD);
157 S_init_tls_and_interp(PerlInterpreter *my_perl)
161 PERL_SET_INTERP(my_perl);
162 #if defined(USE_ITHREADS)
165 PERL_SET_THX(my_perl);
168 MUTEX_INIT(&PL_dollarzero_mutex);
170 #ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
171 MUTEX_INIT(&PL_my_ctx_mutex);
174 #if defined(USE_ITHREADS)
177 /* This always happens for non-ithreads */
180 PERL_SET_THX(my_perl);
185 /* these implement the PERL_SYS_INIT, PERL_SYS_INIT3, PERL_SYS_TERM macros */
188 Perl_sys_init(int* argc, char*** argv)
191 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(argc); /* may not be used depending on _BODY macro */
192 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(argv);
193 PERL_SYS_INIT_BODY(argc, argv);
197 Perl_sys_init3(int* argc, char*** argv, char*** env)
200 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(argc); /* may not be used depending on _BODY macro */
201 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(argv);
202 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(env);
203 PERL_SYS_INIT3_BODY(argc, argv, env);
210 if (!PL_veto_cleanup) {
211 PERL_SYS_TERM_BODY();
216 #ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
218 perl_alloc_using(struct IPerlMem* ipM, struct IPerlMem* ipMS,
219 struct IPerlMem* ipMP, struct IPerlEnv* ipE,
220 struct IPerlStdIO* ipStd, struct IPerlLIO* ipLIO,
221 struct IPerlDir* ipD, struct IPerlSock* ipS,
222 struct IPerlProc* ipP)
224 PerlInterpreter *my_perl;
225 /* Newx() needs interpreter, so call malloc() instead */
226 my_perl = (PerlInterpreter*)(*ipM->pMalloc)(ipM, sizeof(PerlInterpreter));
227 S_init_tls_and_interp(my_perl);
228 Zero(my_perl, 1, PerlInterpreter);
238 INIT_TRACK_MEMPOOL(PL_memory_debug_header, my_perl);
245 =head1 Embedding Functions
247 =for apidoc perl_alloc
249 Allocates a new Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
257 PerlInterpreter *my_perl;
259 /* Newx() needs interpreter, so call malloc() instead */
260 my_perl = (PerlInterpreter*)PerlMem_malloc(sizeof(PerlInterpreter));
262 S_init_tls_and_interp(my_perl);
263 #ifndef PERL_TRACK_MEMPOOL
264 return (PerlInterpreter *) ZeroD(my_perl, 1, PerlInterpreter);
266 Zero(my_perl, 1, PerlInterpreter);
267 INIT_TRACK_MEMPOOL(PL_memory_debug_header, my_perl);
271 #endif /* PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS */
274 =for apidoc perl_construct
276 Initializes a new Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
282 perl_construct(pTHXx)
285 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(my_perl);
288 PL_perl_destruct_level = 1;
290 if (PL_perl_destruct_level > 0)
293 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling; /* needed by ckWARN, right away */
295 /* set read-only and try to insure than we wont see REFCNT==0
298 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_undef);
299 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_undef) = (~(U32)0)/2;
301 sv_setpv(&PL_sv_no,PL_No);
302 /* value lookup in void context - happens to have the side effect
303 of caching the numeric forms. However, as &PL_sv_no doesn't contain
304 a string that is a valid numer, we have to turn the public flags by
310 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_no);
311 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_no) = (~(U32)0)/2;
313 sv_setpv(&PL_sv_yes,PL_Yes);
316 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_yes);
317 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_yes) = (~(U32)0)/2;
319 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_placeholder);
320 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_placeholder) = (~(U32)0)/2;
322 PL_sighandlerp = (Sighandler_t) Perl_sighandler;
323 #ifdef PERL_USES_PL_PIDSTATUS
324 PL_pidstatus = newHV();
327 PL_rs = newSVpvs("\n");
337 SET_NUMERIC_STANDARD();
339 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
340 PL_localpatches = local_patches; /* For possible -v */
343 #ifdef HAVE_INTERP_INTERN
347 PerlIO_init(aTHX); /* Hook to IO system */
349 PL_fdpid = newAV(); /* for remembering popen pids by fd */
350 PL_modglobal = newHV(); /* pointers to per-interpreter module globals */
351 PL_errors = newSVpvs("");
352 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(0), "", 0); /* For regex debugging. */
353 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(1), "", 0); /* ext/re needs these */
354 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(2), "", 0); /* even without DEBUGGING. */
356 /* First entry is a list of empty elements. It needs to be initialised
357 else all hell breaks loose in S_find_uninit_var(). */
358 Perl_av_create_and_push(aTHX_ &PL_regex_padav, newSVpvs(""));
359 PL_regex_pad = AvARRAY(PL_regex_padav);
361 #ifdef USE_REENTRANT_API
362 Perl_reentrant_init(aTHX);
365 /* Note that strtab is a rather special HV. Assumptions are made
366 about not iterating on it, and not adding tie magic to it.
367 It is properly deallocated in perl_destruct() */
370 HvSHAREKEYS_off(PL_strtab); /* mandatory */
371 hv_ksplit(PL_strtab, 512);
373 #if defined(__DYNAMIC__) && (defined(NeXT) || defined(__NeXT__))
374 _dyld_lookup_and_bind
375 ("__environ", (unsigned long *) &environ_pointer, NULL);
379 # ifdef USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY
380 PL_origenviron = environ;
384 /* Use sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK) if available, if not
385 * available or if the sysconf() fails, use the HZ.
386 * BeOS has those, but returns the wrong value.
387 * The HZ if not originally defined has been by now
388 * been defined as CLK_TCK, if available. */
389 #if defined(HAS_SYSCONF) && defined(_SC_CLK_TCK) && !defined(__BEOS__)
390 PL_clocktick = sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK);
391 if (PL_clocktick <= 0)
395 PL_stashcache = newHV();
397 PL_patchlevel = Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "v%d.%d.%d", (int)PERL_REVISION,
398 (int)PERL_VERSION, (int)PERL_SUBVERSION);
401 if (!PL_mmap_page_size) {
402 #if defined(HAS_SYSCONF) && (defined(_SC_PAGESIZE) || defined(_SC_MMAP_PAGE_SIZE))
404 SETERRNO(0, SS_NORMAL);
406 PL_mmap_page_size = sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE);
408 PL_mmap_page_size = sysconf(_SC_MMAP_PAGE_SIZE);
410 if ((long) PL_mmap_page_size < 0) {
412 SV * const error = ERRSV;
413 SvUPGRADE(error, SVt_PV);
414 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: sysconf: %s", SvPV_nolen_const(error));
417 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: sysconf: pagesize unknown");
421 # ifdef HAS_GETPAGESIZE
422 PL_mmap_page_size = getpagesize();
424 # if defined(I_SYS_PARAM) && defined(PAGESIZE)
425 PL_mmap_page_size = PAGESIZE; /* compiletime, bad */
429 if (PL_mmap_page_size <= 0)
430 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: bad pagesize %" IVdf,
431 (IV) PL_mmap_page_size);
433 #endif /* HAS_MMAP */
435 #if defined(HAS_TIMES) && defined(PERL_NEED_TIMESBASE)
436 PL_timesbase.tms_utime = 0;
437 PL_timesbase.tms_stime = 0;
438 PL_timesbase.tms_cutime = 0;
439 PL_timesbase.tms_cstime = 0;
446 =for apidoc nothreadhook
448 Stub that provides thread hook for perl_destruct when there are
455 Perl_nothreadhook(pTHX)
461 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
463 Perl_dump_sv_child(pTHX_ SV *sv)
466 const int sock = PL_dumper_fd;
467 const int debug_fd = PerlIO_fileno(Perl_debug_log);
468 union control_un control;
471 struct cmsghdr *cmptr;
473 unsigned char buffer[256];
475 if(sock == -1 || debug_fd == -1)
478 PerlIO_flush(Perl_debug_log);
480 /* All these shenanigans are to pass a file descriptor over to our child for
481 it to dump out to. We can't let it hold open the file descriptor when it
482 forks, as the file descriptor it will dump to can turn out to be one end
483 of pipe that some other process will wait on for EOF. (So as it would
484 be open, the wait would be forever.) */
486 msg.msg_control = control.control;
487 msg.msg_controllen = sizeof(control.control);
488 /* We're a connected socket so we don't need a destination */
494 cmptr = CMSG_FIRSTHDR(&msg);
495 cmptr->cmsg_len = CMSG_LEN(sizeof(int));
496 cmptr->cmsg_level = SOL_SOCKET;
497 cmptr->cmsg_type = SCM_RIGHTS;
498 *((int *)CMSG_DATA(cmptr)) = 1;
500 vec[0].iov_base = (void*)&sv;
501 vec[0].iov_len = sizeof(sv);
502 got = sendmsg(sock, &msg, 0);
505 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent sendmsg failed");
508 if(got < sizeof(sv)) {
509 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent short sendmsg");
513 /* Return protocol is
515 unsigned char: length of location string (0 for empty)
516 unsigned char*: string (not terminated)
518 vec[0].iov_base = (void*)&returned_errno;
519 vec[0].iov_len = sizeof(returned_errno);
520 vec[1].iov_base = buffer;
523 got = readv(sock, vec, 2);
526 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent read failed");
527 PerlIO_flush(PerlIO_stderr());
530 if(got < sizeof(returned_errno) + 1) {
531 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent short read");
532 PerlIO_flush(PerlIO_stderr());
537 got = read(sock, buffer + 1, *buffer);
539 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent read 2 failed");
540 PerlIO_flush(PerlIO_stderr());
545 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent short read 2");
546 PerlIO_flush(PerlIO_stderr());
551 if (returned_errno || *buffer) {
552 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "Debug leaking scalars child failed%s%.*s with errno"
553 " %d: %s", (*buffer ? " at " : ""), (int) *buffer, buffer + 1,
554 returned_errno, strerror(returned_errno));
560 =for apidoc perl_destruct
562 Shuts down a Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
571 VOL signed char destruct_level; /* see possible values in intrpvar.h */
573 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
577 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(my_perl);
579 /* wait for all pseudo-forked children to finish */
580 PERL_WAIT_FOR_CHILDREN;
582 destruct_level = PL_perl_destruct_level;
585 const char * const s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL");
587 const int i = atoi(s);
588 if (destruct_level < i)
594 if (PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_DESTRUCT_END) {
600 if (PL_endav && !PL_minus_c)
601 call_list(PL_scopestack_ix, PL_endav);
607 /* Need to flush since END blocks can produce output */
610 if (CALL_FPTR(PL_threadhook)(aTHX)) {
611 /* Threads hook has vetoed further cleanup */
612 PL_veto_cleanup = TRUE;
616 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
617 if (destruct_level != 0) {
618 /* Fork here to create a child. Our child's job is to preserve the
619 state of scalars prior to destruction, so that we can instruct it
620 to dump any scalars that we later find have leaked.
621 There's no subtlety in this code - it assumes POSIX, and it doesn't
625 if(socketpair(AF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, 0, fd)) {
626 perror("Debug leaking scalars socketpair failed");
632 perror("Debug leaking scalars fork failed");
636 /* We are the child */
637 const int sock = fd[1];
638 const int debug_fd = PerlIO_fileno(Perl_debug_log);
641 /* Our success message is an integer 0, and a char 0 */
642 static const char success[sizeof(int) + 1];
646 /* We need to close all other file descriptors otherwise we end up
647 with interesting hangs, where the parent closes its end of a
648 pipe, and sits waiting for (another) child to terminate. Only
649 that child never terminates, because it never gets EOF, because
650 we also have the far end of the pipe open. We even need to
651 close the debugging fd, because sometimes it happens to be one
652 end of a pipe, and a process is waiting on the other end for
653 EOF. Normally it would be closed at some point earlier in
654 destruction, but if we happen to cause the pipe to remain open,
655 EOF never occurs, and we get an infinite hang. Hence all the
656 games to pass in a file descriptor if it's actually needed. */
658 f = sysconf(_SC_OPEN_MAX);
660 where = "sysconf failed";
671 union control_un control;
674 struct cmsghdr *cmptr;
678 msg.msg_control = control.control;
679 msg.msg_controllen = sizeof(control.control);
680 /* We're a connected socket so we don't need a source */
684 msg.msg_iovlen = sizeof(vec)/sizeof(vec[0]);
686 vec[0].iov_base = (void*)⌖
687 vec[0].iov_len = sizeof(target);
689 got = recvmsg(sock, &msg, 0);
694 where = "recv failed";
697 if(got < sizeof(target)) {
698 where = "short recv";
702 if(!(cmptr = CMSG_FIRSTHDR(&msg))) {
706 if(cmptr->cmsg_len != CMSG_LEN(sizeof(int))) {
707 where = "wrong cmsg_len";
710 if(cmptr->cmsg_level != SOL_SOCKET) {
711 where = "wrong cmsg_level";
714 if(cmptr->cmsg_type != SCM_RIGHTS) {
715 where = "wrong cmsg_type";
719 got_fd = *(int*)CMSG_DATA(cmptr);
720 /* For our last little bit of trickery, put the file descriptor
721 back into Perl_debug_log, as if we never actually closed it
723 if(got_fd != debug_fd) {
724 if (dup2(got_fd, debug_fd) == -1) {
731 PerlIO_flush(Perl_debug_log);
733 got = write(sock, &success, sizeof(success));
736 where = "write failed";
739 if(got < sizeof(success)) {
740 where = "short write";
747 int send_errno = errno;
748 unsigned char length = (unsigned char) strlen(where);
749 struct iovec failure[3] = {
750 {(void*)&send_errno, sizeof(send_errno)},
752 {(void*)where, length}
754 int got = writev(sock, failure, 3);
755 /* Bad news travels fast. Faster than data. We'll get a SIGPIPE
756 in the parent if we try to read from the socketpair after the
757 child has exited, even if there was data to read.
758 So sleep a bit to give the parent a fighting chance of
761 _exit((got == -1) ? errno : 0);
765 PL_dumper_fd = fd[0];
770 /* We must account for everything. */
772 /* Destroy the main CV and syntax tree */
773 /* Do this now, because destroying ops can cause new SVs to be generated
774 in Perl_pad_swipe, and when running with -DDEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS they
775 PL_curcop to point to a valid op from which the filename structure
777 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
779 /* ensure comppad/curpad to refer to main's pad */
780 if (CvPADLIST(PL_main_cv)) {
781 PAD_SET_CUR_NOSAVE(CvPADLIST(PL_main_cv), 1);
783 op_free(PL_main_root);
786 PL_main_start = NULL;
787 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_main_cv);
791 /* Tell PerlIO we are about to tear things apart in case
792 we have layers which are using resources that should
796 PerlIO_destruct(aTHX);
798 if (PL_sv_objcount) {
800 * Try to destruct global references. We do this first so that the
801 * destructors and destructees still exist. Some sv's might remain.
802 * Non-referenced objects are on their own.
806 if (PL_defoutgv && !SvREFCNT(PL_defoutgv))
807 PL_defoutgv = NULL; /* may have been freed */
810 /* unhook hooks which will soon be, or use, destroyed data */
811 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_warnhook);
813 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_diehook);
816 /* call exit list functions */
817 while (PL_exitlistlen-- > 0)
818 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].fn(aTHX_ PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].ptr);
820 Safefree(PL_exitlist);
825 /* jettison our possibly duplicated environment */
826 /* if PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV is defined environ will not have been copied
827 * so we certainly shouldn't free it here
830 #if defined(USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY) && !defined(PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV)
831 if (environ != PL_origenviron && !PL_use_safe_putenv
833 /* only main thread can free environ[0] contents */
834 && PL_curinterp == aTHX
840 for (i = 0; environ[i]; i++)
841 safesysfree(environ[i]);
843 /* Must use safesysfree() when working with environ. */
844 safesysfree(environ);
846 environ = PL_origenviron;
849 #endif /* !PERL_MICRO */
851 if (destruct_level == 0) {
853 DEBUG_P(debprofdump());
855 #if defined(PERLIO_LAYERS)
856 /* No more IO - including error messages ! */
857 PerlIO_cleanup(aTHX);
860 CopFILE_free(&PL_compiling);
861 CopSTASH_free(&PL_compiling);
863 /* The exit() function will do everything that needs doing. */
867 /* reset so print() ends up where we expect */
871 /* the syntax tree is shared between clones
872 * so op_free(PL_main_root) only ReREFCNT_dec's
873 * REGEXPs in the parent interpreter
874 * we need to manually ReREFCNT_dec for the clones
876 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_regex_padav);
877 PL_regex_padav = NULL;
881 SvREFCNT_dec((SV*) PL_stashcache);
882 PL_stashcache = NULL;
884 /* loosen bonds of global variables */
886 /* XXX can PL_parser still be non-null here? */
887 if(PL_parser && PL_parser->rsfp) {
888 (void)PerlIO_close(PL_parser->rsfp);
889 PL_parser->rsfp = NULL;
893 Safefree(PL_splitstr);
903 PL_doswitches = FALSE;
904 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_OFF;
905 PL_doextract = FALSE;
906 PL_sawampersand = FALSE; /* must save all match strings */
909 Safefree(PL_inplace);
911 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_patchlevel);
914 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
920 /* magical thingies */
922 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ofs_sv); /* $, */
925 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ors_sv); /* $\ */
928 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rs); /* $/ */
931 Safefree(PL_osname); /* $^O */
934 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_statname);
938 /* defgv, aka *_ should be taken care of elsewhere */
940 /* clean up after study() */
941 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_lastscream);
942 PL_lastscream = NULL;
943 Safefree(PL_screamfirst);
945 Safefree(PL_screamnext);
949 Safefree(PL_efloatbuf);
953 /* startup and shutdown function lists */
954 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_beginav);
955 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_beginav_save);
956 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_endav);
957 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_checkav);
958 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_checkav_save);
959 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_unitcheckav);
960 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_unitcheckav_save);
961 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_initav);
963 PL_beginav_save = NULL;
966 PL_checkav_save = NULL;
967 PL_unitcheckav = NULL;
968 PL_unitcheckav_save = NULL;
971 /* shortcuts just get cleared */
980 PL_last_in_gv = NULL;
992 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_argvout_stack);
993 PL_argvout_stack = NULL;
995 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_modglobal);
997 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_preambleav);
998 PL_preambleav = NULL;
999 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_subname);
1001 #ifdef PERL_USES_PL_PIDSTATUS
1002 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_pidstatus);
1003 PL_pidstatus = NULL;
1005 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_toptarget);
1006 PL_toptarget = NULL;
1007 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_bodytarget);
1008 PL_bodytarget = NULL;
1009 PL_formtarget = NULL;
1011 /* free locale stuff */
1012 #ifdef USE_LOCALE_COLLATE
1013 Safefree(PL_collation_name);
1014 PL_collation_name = NULL;
1017 #ifdef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC
1018 Safefree(PL_numeric_name);
1019 PL_numeric_name = NULL;
1020 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_numeric_radix_sv);
1021 PL_numeric_radix_sv = NULL;
1024 /* clear utf8 character classes */
1025 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alnum);
1026 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alnumc);
1027 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_ascii);
1028 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alpha);
1029 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_space);
1030 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_cntrl);
1031 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_graph);
1032 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_digit);
1033 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_upper);
1034 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_lower);
1035 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_print);
1036 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_punct);
1037 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_xdigit);
1038 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_mark);
1039 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_toupper);
1040 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_totitle);
1041 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_tolower);
1042 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_tofold);
1043 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_idstart);
1044 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_idcont);
1045 PL_utf8_alnum = NULL;
1046 PL_utf8_alnumc = NULL;
1047 PL_utf8_ascii = NULL;
1048 PL_utf8_alpha = NULL;
1049 PL_utf8_space = NULL;
1050 PL_utf8_cntrl = NULL;
1051 PL_utf8_graph = NULL;
1052 PL_utf8_digit = NULL;
1053 PL_utf8_upper = NULL;
1054 PL_utf8_lower = NULL;
1055 PL_utf8_print = NULL;
1056 PL_utf8_punct = NULL;
1057 PL_utf8_xdigit = NULL;
1058 PL_utf8_mark = NULL;
1059 PL_utf8_toupper = NULL;
1060 PL_utf8_totitle = NULL;
1061 PL_utf8_tolower = NULL;
1062 PL_utf8_tofold = NULL;
1063 PL_utf8_idstart = NULL;
1064 PL_utf8_idcont = NULL;
1066 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
1067 PerlMemShared_free(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
1068 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = NULL;
1069 Perl_refcounted_he_free(aTHX_ PL_compiling.cop_hints_hash);
1070 PL_compiling.cop_hints_hash = NULL;
1071 CopFILE_free(&PL_compiling);
1072 CopSTASH_free(&PL_compiling);
1074 /* Prepare to destruct main symbol table. */
1079 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_curstname);
1080 PL_curstname = NULL;
1082 /* clear queued errors */
1083 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_errors);
1086 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_isarev);
1089 if (destruct_level >= 2 && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL)) {
1090 if (PL_scopestack_ix != 0)
1091 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
1092 "Unbalanced scopes: %ld more ENTERs than LEAVEs\n",
1093 (long)PL_scopestack_ix);
1094 if (PL_savestack_ix != 0)
1095 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
1096 "Unbalanced saves: %ld more saves than restores\n",
1097 (long)PL_savestack_ix);
1098 if (PL_tmps_floor != -1)
1099 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Unbalanced tmps: %ld more allocs than frees\n",
1100 (long)PL_tmps_floor + 1);
1101 if (cxstack_ix != -1)
1102 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Unbalanced context: %ld more PUSHes than POPs\n",
1103 (long)cxstack_ix + 1);
1106 /* Now absolutely destruct everything, somehow or other, loops or no. */
1107 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) |= SVTYPEMASK; /* don't clean out pid table now */
1108 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) |= SVTYPEMASK; /* don't clean out strtab now */
1110 /* the 2 is for PL_fdpid and PL_strtab */
1111 while (PL_sv_count > 2 && sv_clean_all())
1114 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) &= ~SVTYPEMASK;
1115 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) |= SVt_PVAV;
1116 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) &= ~SVTYPEMASK;
1117 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) |= SVt_PVHV;
1119 AvREAL_off(PL_fdpid); /* no surviving entries */
1120 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_fdpid); /* needed in io_close() */
1123 #ifdef HAVE_INTERP_INTERN
1127 /* Destruct the global string table. */
1129 /* Yell and reset the HeVAL() slots that are still holding refcounts,
1130 * so that sv_free() won't fail on them.
1131 * Now that the global string table is using a single hunk of memory
1132 * for both HE and HEK, we either need to explicitly unshare it the
1133 * correct way, or actually free things here.
1136 const I32 max = HvMAX(PL_strtab);
1137 HE * const * const array = HvARRAY(PL_strtab);
1138 HE *hent = array[0];
1141 if (hent && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL)) {
1142 HE * const next = HeNEXT(hent);
1143 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
1144 "Unbalanced string table refcount: (%ld) for \"%s\"",
1145 (long)hent->he_valu.hent_refcount, HeKEY(hent));
1152 hent = array[riter];
1157 HvARRAY(PL_strtab) = 0;
1158 HvTOTALKEYS(PL_strtab) = 0;
1159 HvFILL(PL_strtab) = 0;
1161 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_strtab);
1164 /* free the pointer tables used for cloning */
1165 ptr_table_free(PL_ptr_table);
1166 PL_ptr_table = (PTR_TBL_t*)NULL;
1169 /* free special SVs */
1171 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_yes) = 0;
1172 sv_clear(&PL_sv_yes);
1173 SvANY(&PL_sv_yes) = NULL;
1174 SvFLAGS(&PL_sv_yes) = 0;
1176 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_no) = 0;
1177 sv_clear(&PL_sv_no);
1178 SvANY(&PL_sv_no) = NULL;
1179 SvFLAGS(&PL_sv_no) = 0;
1183 for (i=0; i<=2; i++) {
1184 SvREFCNT(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = 0;
1185 sv_clear(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i));
1186 SvANY(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = NULL;
1187 SvFLAGS(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = 0;
1191 if (PL_sv_count != 0 && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
1192 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Scalars leaked: %ld\n", (long)PL_sv_count);
1194 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS
1195 if (PL_sv_count != 0) {
1200 for (sva = PL_sv_arenaroot; sva; sva = (SV*)SvANY(sva)) {
1201 svend = &sva[SvREFCNT(sva)];
1202 for (sv = sva + 1; sv < svend; ++sv) {
1203 if (SvTYPE(sv) != SVTYPEMASK) {
1204 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "leaked: sv=0x%p"
1206 " refcnt=%"UVuf pTHX__FORMAT "\n"
1207 "\tallocated at %s:%d %s %s%s\n",
1208 (void*)sv, (UV)sv->sv_flags, (UV)sv->sv_refcnt
1210 sv->sv_debug_file ? sv->sv_debug_file : "(unknown)",
1212 sv->sv_debug_inpad ? "for" : "by",
1213 sv->sv_debug_optype ?
1214 PL_op_name[sv->sv_debug_optype]: "(none)",
1215 sv->sv_debug_cloned ? " (cloned)" : ""
1217 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
1218 Perl_dump_sv_child(aTHX_ sv);
1224 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
1228 /* Wait for up to 4 seconds for child to terminate.
1229 This seems to be the least effort way of timing out on reaping
1231 struct timeval waitfor = {4, 0};
1232 int sock = PL_dumper_fd;
1236 FD_SET(sock, &rset);
1237 select(sock + 1, &rset, NULL, NULL, &waitfor);
1238 waitpid(child, &status, WNOHANG);
1243 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_ABORT
1249 #ifdef PERL_DEBUG_READONLY_OPS
1255 #if defined(PERLIO_LAYERS)
1256 /* No more IO - including error messages ! */
1257 PerlIO_cleanup(aTHX);
1260 /* sv_undef needs to stay immortal until after PerlIO_cleanup
1261 as currently layers use it rather than NULL as a marker
1262 for no arg - and will try and SvREFCNT_dec it.
1264 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_undef) = 0;
1265 SvREADONLY_off(&PL_sv_undef);
1267 Safefree(PL_origfilename);
1268 PL_origfilename = NULL;
1269 Safefree(PL_reg_start_tmp);
1270 PL_reg_start_tmp = (char**)NULL;
1271 PL_reg_start_tmpl = 0;
1272 Safefree(PL_reg_curpm);
1273 Safefree(PL_reg_poscache);
1274 free_tied_hv_pool();
1275 Safefree(PL_op_mask);
1276 Safefree(PL_psig_ptr);
1277 PL_psig_ptr = (SV**)NULL;
1278 Safefree(PL_psig_name);
1279 PL_psig_name = (SV**)NULL;
1280 Safefree(PL_bitcount);
1282 Safefree(PL_psig_pend);
1283 PL_psig_pend = (int*)NULL;
1286 PL_tainting = FALSE;
1287 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
1288 PL_hints = 0; /* Reset hints. Should hints be per-interpreter ? */
1291 DEBUG_P(debprofdump());
1293 #ifdef USE_REENTRANT_API
1294 Perl_reentrant_free(aTHX);
1299 while (PL_regmatch_slab) {
1300 regmatch_slab *s = PL_regmatch_slab;
1301 PL_regmatch_slab = PL_regmatch_slab->next;
1305 /* As the absolutely last thing, free the non-arena SV for mess() */
1308 /* we know that type == SVt_PVMG */
1310 /* it could have accumulated taint magic */
1313 for (mg = SvMAGIC(PL_mess_sv); mg; mg = moremagic) {
1314 moremagic = mg->mg_moremagic;
1315 if (mg->mg_ptr && mg->mg_type != PERL_MAGIC_regex_global
1317 Safefree(mg->mg_ptr);
1321 /* we know that type >= SVt_PV */
1322 SvPV_free(PL_mess_sv);
1323 Safefree(SvANY(PL_mess_sv));
1324 Safefree(PL_mess_sv);
1331 =for apidoc perl_free
1333 Releases a Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
1343 if (PL_veto_cleanup)
1346 #ifdef PERL_TRACK_MEMPOOL
1349 * Don't free thread memory if PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL is set to a non-zero
1350 * value as we're probably hunting memory leaks then
1352 const char * const s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL");
1353 if (!s || atoi(s) == 0) {
1354 /* Emulate the PerlHost behaviour of free()ing all memory allocated in this
1355 thread at thread exit. */
1356 while(aTHXx->Imemory_debug_header.next != &(aTHXx->Imemory_debug_header))
1357 safesysfree(sTHX + (char *)(aTHXx->Imemory_debug_header.next));
1362 #if defined(WIN32) || defined(NETWARE)
1363 # if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS)
1366 void *host = nw_internal_host;
1368 void *host = w32_internal_host;
1370 PerlMem_free(aTHXx);
1372 nw_delete_internal_host(host);
1374 win32_delete_internal_host(host);
1378 PerlMem_free(aTHXx);
1381 PerlMem_free(aTHXx);
1385 #if defined(USE_ITHREADS)
1386 /* provide destructors to clean up the thread key when libperl is unloaded */
1387 #ifndef WIN32 /* handled during DLL_PROCESS_DETACH in win32/perllib.c */
1389 #if defined(__hpux) && !(defined(__ux_version) && __ux_version <= 1020) && !defined(__GNUC__)
1390 #pragma fini "perl_fini"
1391 #elif defined(__sun) && !defined(__GNUC__)
1392 #pragma fini (perl_fini)
1396 #if defined(__GNUC__)
1397 __attribute__((destructor))
1402 if (PL_curinterp && !PL_veto_cleanup)
1407 #endif /* THREADS */
1410 Perl_call_atexit(pTHX_ ATEXIT_t fn, void *ptr)
1413 Renew(PL_exitlist, PL_exitlistlen+1, PerlExitListEntry);
1414 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].fn = fn;
1415 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].ptr = ptr;
1419 #ifdef HAS_PROCSELFEXE
1420 /* This is a function so that we don't hold on to MAXPATHLEN
1421 bytes of stack longer than necessary
1424 S_procself_val(pTHX_ SV *sv, const char *arg0)
1426 char buf[MAXPATHLEN];
1427 int len = readlink(PROCSELFEXE_PATH, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);
1429 /* On Playstation2 Linux V1.0 (kernel 2.2.1) readlink(/proc/self/exe)
1430 includes a spurious NUL which will cause $^X to fail in system
1431 or backticks (this will prevent extensions from being built and
1432 many tests from working). readlink is not meant to add a NUL.
1433 Normal readlink works fine.
1435 if (len > 0 && buf[len-1] == '\0') {
1439 /* FreeBSD's implementation is acknowledged to be imperfect, sometimes
1440 returning the text "unknown" from the readlink rather than the path
1441 to the executable (or returning an error from the readlink). Any valid
1442 path has a '/' in it somewhere, so use that to validate the result.
1443 See http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/query-pr.cgi?pr=35703
1445 if (len > 0 && memchr(buf, '/', len)) {
1446 sv_setpvn(sv,buf,len);
1452 #endif /* HAS_PROCSELFEXE */
1455 S_set_caret_X(pTHX) {
1457 GV* tmpgv = gv_fetchpvs("\030", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV); /* $^X */
1459 #ifdef HAS_PROCSELFEXE
1460 S_procself_val(aTHX_ GvSV(tmpgv), PL_origargv[0]);
1463 sv_setpv(GvSVn(tmpgv), os2_execname(aTHX));
1465 sv_setpv(GvSVn(tmpgv),PL_origargv[0]);
1472 =for apidoc perl_parse
1474 Tells a Perl interpreter to parse a Perl script. See L<perlembed>.
1480 perl_parse(pTHXx_ XSINIT_t xsinit, int argc, char **argv, char **env)
1487 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(my_perl);
1489 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
1492 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "suidperl is no longer needed since the kernel can now execute\n\
1493 setuid perl scripts securely.\n");
1494 #endif /* IAMSUID */
1497 #if defined(USE_HASH_SEED) || defined(USE_HASH_SEED_EXPLICIT)
1498 /* [perl #22371] Algorimic Complexity Attack on Perl 5.6.1, 5.8.0
1499 * This MUST be done before any hash stores or fetches take place.
1500 * If you set PL_rehash_seed (and assumedly also PL_rehash_seed_set)
1501 * yourself, it is your responsibility to provide a good random seed!
1502 * You can also define PERL_HASH_SEED in compile time, see hv.h. */
1503 if (!PL_rehash_seed_set)
1504 PL_rehash_seed = get_hash_seed();
1506 const char * const s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_HASH_SEED_DEBUG");
1508 if (s && (atoi(s) == 1))
1509 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "HASH_SEED = %"UVuf"\n", PL_rehash_seed);
1511 #endif /* #if defined(USE_HASH_SEED) || defined(USE_HASH_SEED_EXPLICIT) */
1516 if (PL_origalen != 0) {
1517 PL_origalen = 1; /* don't use old PL_origalen if perl_parse() is called again */
1520 /* Set PL_origalen be the sum of the contiguous argv[]
1521 * elements plus the size of the env in case that it is
1522 * contiguous with the argv[]. This is used in mg.c:Perl_magic_set()
1523 * as the maximum modifiable length of $0. In the worst case
1524 * the area we are able to modify is limited to the size of
1525 * the original argv[0]. (See below for 'contiguous', though.)
1527 const char *s = NULL;
1530 ~(UV)(PTRSIZE == 4 ? 3 : PTRSIZE == 8 ? 7 : PTRSIZE == 16 ? 15 : 0);
1531 /* Do the mask check only if the args seem like aligned. */
1533 (mask < ~(UV)0) && ((PTR2UV(argv[0]) & mask) == PTR2UV(argv[0]));
1535 /* See if all the arguments are contiguous in memory. Note
1536 * that 'contiguous' is a loose term because some platforms
1537 * align the argv[] and the envp[]. If the arguments look
1538 * like non-aligned, assume that they are 'strictly' or
1539 * 'traditionally' contiguous. If the arguments look like
1540 * aligned, we just check that they are within aligned
1541 * PTRSIZE bytes. As long as no system has something bizarre
1542 * like the argv[] interleaved with some other data, we are
1543 * fine. (Did I just evoke Murphy's Law?) --jhi */
1544 if (PL_origargv && PL_origargc >= 1 && (s = PL_origargv[0])) {
1546 for (i = 1; i < PL_origargc; i++) {
1547 if ((PL_origargv[i] == s + 1
1549 || PL_origargv[i] == s + 2
1554 (PL_origargv[i] > s &&
1556 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1567 #ifndef PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV
1568 /* Can we grab env area too to be used as the area for $0? */
1569 if (s && PL_origenviron && !PL_use_safe_putenv) {
1570 if ((PL_origenviron[0] == s + 1)
1573 (PL_origenviron[0] > s &&
1574 PL_origenviron[0] <=
1575 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1578 #ifndef OS2 /* ENVIRON is read by the kernel too. */
1579 s = PL_origenviron[0];
1582 my_setenv("NoNe SuCh", NULL);
1583 /* Force copy of environment. */
1584 for (i = 1; PL_origenviron[i]; i++) {
1585 if (PL_origenviron[i] == s + 1
1588 (PL_origenviron[i] > s &&
1589 PL_origenviron[i] <=
1590 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1593 s = PL_origenviron[i];
1601 #endif /* !defined(PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV) */
1603 PL_origalen = s ? s - PL_origargv[0] + 1 : 0;
1608 /* Come here if running an undumped a.out. */
1610 PL_origfilename = savepv(argv[0]);
1611 PL_do_undump = FALSE;
1612 cxstack_ix = -1; /* start label stack again */
1614 assert (!PL_tainted);
1616 S_set_caret_X(aTHX);
1618 init_postdump_symbols(argc,argv,env);
1623 op_free(PL_main_root);
1624 PL_main_root = NULL;
1626 PL_main_start = NULL;
1627 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_main_cv);
1631 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
1632 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_OFF;
1637 parse_body(env,xsinit);
1639 call_list(oldscope, PL_unitcheckav);
1641 call_list(oldscope, PL_checkav);
1648 /* my_exit() was called */
1649 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
1652 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
1654 call_list(oldscope, PL_unitcheckav);
1656 call_list(oldscope, PL_checkav);
1660 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: top_env\n");
1669 S_parse_body(pTHX_ char **env, XSINIT_t xsinit)
1673 int argc = PL_origargc;
1674 char **argv = PL_origargv;
1675 const char *scriptname = NULL;
1676 VOL bool dosearch = FALSE;
1677 const char *validarg = "";
1680 const char *cddir = NULL;
1681 #ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
1682 bool minus_f = FALSE;
1684 SV *linestr_sv = newSV_type(SVt_PVIV);
1685 bool add_read_e_script = FALSE;
1687 SvGROW(linestr_sv, 80);
1688 sv_setpvn(linestr_sv,"",0);
1690 sv = newSVpvs(""); /* first used for -I flags */
1696 for (argc--,argv++; argc > 0; argc--,argv++) {
1697 if (argv[0][0] != '-' || !argv[0][1])
1701 validarg = " PHOOEY ";
1705 * Can we rely on the kernel to start scripts with argv[1] set to
1706 * contain all #! line switches (the whole line)? (argv[0] is set to
1707 * the interpreter name, argv[2] to the script name; argv[3] and
1708 * above may contain other arguments.)
1715 #ifndef PERL_STRICT_CR
1739 if ((s = moreswitches(s)))
1744 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('t');
1745 if( !PL_tainting ) {
1746 PL_taint_warn = TRUE;
1752 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('T');
1754 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
1762 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1763 /* ignore -e for Dev:Pseudo argument */
1764 if (argv[1] && !strcmp(argv[1], "Dev:Pseudo"))
1767 forbid_setid('e', -1);
1769 PL_e_script = newSVpvs("");
1770 add_read_e_script = TRUE;
1773 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, s);
1775 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, argv[1]);
1779 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No code specified for -%c", c);
1780 sv_catpvs(PL_e_script, "\n");
1784 #ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
1790 case 'I': /* -I handled both here and in moreswitches() */
1791 forbid_setid('I', -1);
1792 if (!*++s && (s=argv[1]) != NULL) {
1796 STRLEN len = strlen(s);
1797 const char * const p = savepvn(s, len);
1798 incpush(p, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE, FALSE);
1799 sv_catpvs(sv, "-I");
1800 sv_catpvn(sv, p, len);
1805 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No directory specified for -I");
1808 forbid_setid('S', -1);
1816 Perl_av_create_and_push(aTHX_ &PL_preambleav, newSVpvs("use Config;"));
1818 /* Can't do newSVpvs() as that would involve pre-processor
1819 condititionals inside a macro expansion. */
1820 opts_prog = Perl_newSVpv(aTHX_ "$_ = join ' ', sort qw("
1827 # ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
1828 " PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV"
1830 # ifdef PERL_MALLOC_WRAP
1833 # ifdef PERL_MEM_LOG
1836 # ifdef PERL_MEM_LOG_ENV
1839 # ifdef PERL_MEM_LOG_ENV_FD
1840 " PERL_MEM_LOG_ENV_FD"
1842 # ifdef PERL_MEM_LOG_STDERR
1843 " PERL_MEM_LOG_STDERR"
1845 # ifdef PERL_MEM_LOG_TIMESTAMP
1846 " PERL_MEM_LOG_TIMESTAMP"
1848 # ifdef PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV
1849 " PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV"
1851 # ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
1852 " USE_SITECUSTOMIZE"
1856 sv_catpv(opts_prog, PL_bincompat_options);
1857 /* Terminate the qw(, and then wrap at 76 columns. */
1858 sv_catpvs(opts_prog, "); s/(?=.{53})(.{1,53}) /$1\\n /mg;print Config::myconfig(),");
1860 sv_catpvs(opts_prog,"\"\\nCharacteristics of this PERLSHR image: \\n");
1862 sv_catpvs(opts_prog,"\"\\nCharacteristics of this binary (from libperl): \\n");
1865 sv_catpvs(opts_prog," Compile-time options: $_\\n\",");
1867 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
1868 if (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT > 0) {
1870 sv_catpvs(opts_prog,
1871 "\" Locally applied patches:\\n\",");
1872 for (i = 1; i <= LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT; i++) {
1873 if (PL_localpatches[i])
1874 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ opts_prog,"q%c\t%s\n%c,",
1875 0, PL_localpatches[i], 0);
1879 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ opts_prog,
1880 "\" Built under %s\\n",OSNAME);
1883 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ opts_prog,
1884 " Compiled at %s %s\\n\"",__DATE__,
1887 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ opts_prog," Compiled on %s\\n\"",
1891 sv_catpvs(opts_prog, "; $\"=\"\\n \"; "
1892 "@env = map { \"$_=\\\"$ENV{$_}\\\"\" } "
1893 "sort grep {/^PERL/} keys %ENV; ");
1895 sv_catpvs(opts_prog,
1896 "push @env, \"CYGWIN=\\\"$ENV{CYGWIN}\\\"\";");
1898 sv_catpvs(opts_prog,
1899 "print \" \\%ENV:\\n @env\\n\" if @env;"
1900 "print \" \\@INC:\\n @INC\\n\";");
1904 opts_prog = Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_
1905 "Config::config_vars(qw%c%s%c)",
1909 av_push(PL_preambleav, opts_prog);
1910 /* don't look for script or read stdin */
1911 scriptname = BIT_BUCKET;
1915 PL_doextract = TRUE;
1923 if (!*++s || isSPACE(*s)) {
1927 /* catch use of gnu style long options */
1928 if (strEQ(s, "version")) {
1932 if (strEQ(s, "help")) {
1939 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Unrecognized switch: -%s (-h will show valid options)",s);
1950 #ifndef SECURE_INTERNAL_GETENV
1953 (s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL5OPT")))
1955 const char *popt = s;
1958 if (*s == '-' && *(s+1) == 'T') {
1959 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('T');
1961 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
1964 char *popt_copy = NULL;
1977 if (!strchr("CDIMUdmtw", *s))
1978 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Illegal switch in PERL5OPT: -%c", *s);
1982 popt_copy = SvPVX(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(popt,0)));
1983 s = popt_copy + (s - popt);
1984 d = popt_copy + (d - popt);
1991 if( !PL_tainting ) {
1992 PL_taint_warn = TRUE;
2003 #ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
2005 (void)Perl_av_create_and_unshift_one(aTHX_ &PL_preambleav,
2006 Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "BEGIN { do '%s/sitecustomize.pl' }", SITELIB_EXP));
2011 scriptname = argv[0];
2014 scriptname = BIT_BUCKET; /* don't look for script or read stdin */
2016 else if (scriptname == NULL) {
2018 if ( PerlLIO_isatty(PerlIO_fileno(PerlIO_stdin())) )
2024 /* Set $^X early so that it can be used for relocatable paths in @INC */
2025 assert (!PL_tainted);
2027 S_set_caret_X(aTHX);
2034 = open_script(scriptname, dosearch, &suidscript, &rsfp);
2036 validate_suid(validarg, scriptname, fdscript, suidscript,
2040 # if defined(SIGCHLD) || defined(SIGCLD)
2043 # define SIGCHLD SIGCLD
2045 Sighandler_t sigstate = rsignal_state(SIGCHLD);
2046 if (sigstate == (Sighandler_t) SIG_IGN) {
2047 if (ckWARN(WARN_SIGNAL))
2048 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_SIGNAL),
2049 "Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default");
2050 (void)rsignal(SIGCHLD, (Sighandler_t)SIG_DFL);
2057 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2058 || gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract
2062 /* This will croak if suidscript is >= 0, as -x cannot be used with
2064 forbid_setid('x', suidscript);
2065 /* Hence you can't get here if suidscript >= 0 */
2067 find_beginning(linestr_sv, rsfp);
2068 if (cddir && PerlDir_chdir( (char *)cddir ) < 0)
2069 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't chdir to %s",cddir);
2073 PL_main_cv = PL_compcv = (CV*)newSV_type(SVt_PVCV);
2074 CvUNIQUE_on(PL_compcv);
2076 CvPADLIST(PL_compcv) = pad_new(0);
2078 PL_isarev = newHV();
2081 boot_core_UNIVERSAL();
2082 boot_core_xsutils();
2086 (*xsinit)(aTHX); /* in case linked C routines want magical variables */
2088 #if defined(VMS) || defined(WIN32) || defined(DJGPP) || defined(__CYGWIN__) || defined(EPOC) || defined(SYMBIAN)
2094 # ifdef HAS_SOCKS5_INIT
2095 socks5_init(argv[0]);
2101 init_predump_symbols();
2102 /* init_postdump_symbols not currently designed to be called */
2103 /* more than once (ENV isn't cleared first, for example) */
2104 /* But running with -u leaves %ENV & @ARGV undefined! XXX */
2106 init_postdump_symbols(argc,argv,env);
2108 /* PL_unicode is turned on by -C, or by $ENV{PERL_UNICODE},
2109 * or explicitly in some platforms.
2110 * locale.c:Perl_init_i18nl10n() if the environment
2111 * look like the user wants to use UTF-8. */
2112 #if defined(__SYMBIAN32__)
2113 PL_unicode = PERL_UNICODE_STD_FLAG; /* See PERL_SYMBIAN_CONSOLE_UTF8. */
2116 /* Requires init_predump_symbols(). */
2117 if (!(PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_LOCALE_FLAG) || PL_utf8locale) {
2122 /* Turn on UTF-8-ness on STDIN, STDOUT, STDERR
2123 * and the default open disciplines. */
2124 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDIN_FLAG) &&
2125 PL_stdingv && (io = GvIO(PL_stdingv)) &&
2127 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
2128 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDOUT_FLAG) &&
2129 PL_defoutgv && (io = GvIO(PL_defoutgv)) &&
2131 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
2132 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDERR_FLAG) &&
2133 PL_stderrgv && (io = GvIO(PL_stderrgv)) &&
2135 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
2136 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_INOUT_FLAG) &&
2137 (sv = GvSV(gv_fetchpvs("\017PEN", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL,
2139 U32 in = PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_IN_FLAG;
2140 U32 out = PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_OUT_FLAG;
2143 sv_setpvn(sv, ":utf8\0:utf8", 11);
2145 sv_setpvn(sv, ":utf8\0", 6);
2148 sv_setpvn(sv, "\0:utf8", 6);
2156 if ((s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_SIGNALS"))) {
2157 if (strEQ(s, "unsafe"))
2158 PL_signals |= PERL_SIGNALS_UNSAFE_FLAG;
2159 else if (strEQ(s, "safe"))
2160 PL_signals &= ~PERL_SIGNALS_UNSAFE_FLAG;
2162 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "PERL_SIGNALS illegal: \"%s\"", s);
2169 if ((s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_XMLDUMP"))) {
2173 PL_xmlfp = PerlIO_stdout();
2175 PL_xmlfp = PerlIO_open(s, "w");
2177 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't open %s", s);
2179 my_setenv("PERL_XMLDUMP", NULL); /* hide from subprocs */
2185 if ((s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_MADSKILLS"))) {
2186 PL_madskills = atoi(s);
2187 my_setenv("PERL_MADSKILLS", NULL); /* hide from subprocs */
2192 lex_start(linestr_sv, rsfp, TRUE);
2193 PL_subname = newSVpvs("main");
2195 if (add_read_e_script)
2196 filter_add(read_e_script, NULL);
2198 /* now parse the script */
2200 SETERRNO(0,SS_NORMAL);
2201 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2202 if (gMacPerl_SyntaxError = (yyparse() || PL_parser->error_count)) {
2204 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s had compilation errors.\n", MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
2206 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Execution of %s aborted due to compilation errors.\n",
2207 MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
2211 if (yyparse() || PL_parser->error_count) {
2213 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s had compilation errors.\n", PL_origfilename);
2215 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Execution of %s aborted due to compilation errors.\n",
2220 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, 0);
2221 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2223 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
2231 SAVECOPFILE(PL_curcop);
2232 SAVECOPLINE(PL_curcop);
2233 gv_check(PL_defstash);
2242 if ((s=PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS")) && atoi(s) >= 2)
2243 dump_mstats("after compilation:");
2253 =for apidoc perl_run
2255 Tells a Perl interpreter to run. See L<perlembed>.
2268 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(my_perl);
2270 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
2278 cxstack_ix = -1; /* start context stack again */
2280 case 0: /* normal completion */
2284 case 2: /* my_exit() */
2285 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
2288 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2289 if (!(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_DESTRUCT_END) &&
2290 PL_endav && !PL_minus_c)
2291 call_list(oldscope, PL_endav);
2293 if (PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS"))
2294 dump_mstats("after execution: ");
2300 POPSTACK_TO(PL_mainstack);
2303 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: restartop\n");
2314 S_run_body(pTHX_ I32 oldscope)
2317 DEBUG_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "%s $` $& $' support.\n",
2318 PL_sawampersand ? "Enabling" : "Omitting"));
2320 if (!PL_restartop) {
2324 exit(0); /* less likely to core dump than my_exit(0) */
2327 DEBUG_x(dump_all());
2330 PERL_DEBUG(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "\nEXECUTING...\n\n"));
2332 DEBUG_S(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "main thread is 0x%"UVxf"\n",
2336 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2337 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "%s%s syntax OK\n",
2338 (gMacPerl_ErrorFormat ? "# " : ""),
2339 MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
2341 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "%s syntax OK\n", PL_origfilename);
2345 if (PERLDB_SINGLE && PL_DBsingle)
2346 sv_setiv(PL_DBsingle, 1);
2348 call_list(oldscope, PL_initav);
2349 #ifdef PERL_DEBUG_READONLY_OPS
2350 Perl_pending_Slabs_to_ro(aTHX);
2357 PL_op = PL_restartop;
2361 else if (PL_main_start) {
2362 CvDEPTH(PL_main_cv) = 1;
2363 PL_op = PL_main_start;
2371 =head1 SV Manipulation Functions
2373 =for apidoc p||get_sv
2375 Returns the SV of the specified Perl scalar. If C<create> is set and the
2376 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
2377 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
2383 Perl_get_sv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
2386 gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PV);
2393 =head1 Array Manipulation Functions
2395 =for apidoc p||get_av
2397 Returns the AV of the specified Perl array. If C<create> is set and the
2398 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
2399 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
2405 Perl_get_av(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
2407 GV* const gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVAV);
2416 =head1 Hash Manipulation Functions
2418 =for apidoc p||get_hv
2420 Returns the HV of the specified Perl hash. If C<create> is set and the
2421 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
2422 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
2428 Perl_get_hv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
2430 GV* const gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVHV);
2439 =head1 CV Manipulation Functions
2441 =for apidoc p||get_cvn_flags
2443 Returns the CV of the specified Perl subroutine. C<flags> are passed to
2444 C<gv_fetchpvn_flags>. If C<GV_ADD> is set and the Perl subroutine does not
2445 exist then it will be declared (which has the same effect as saying
2446 C<sub name;>). If C<GV_ADD> is not set and the subroutine does not exist
2447 then NULL is returned.
2449 =for apidoc p||get_cv
2451 Uses C<strlen> to get the length of C<name>, then calls C<get_cvn_flags>.
2457 Perl_get_cvn_flags(pTHX_ const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 flags)
2459 GV* const gv = gv_fetchpvn_flags(name, len, flags, SVt_PVCV);
2460 /* XXX this is probably not what they think they're getting.
2461 * It has the same effect as "sub name;", i.e. just a forward
2463 if ((flags & ~GV_NOADD_MASK) && !GvCVu(gv)) {
2464 SV *const sv = newSVpvn_flags(name, len, flags & SVf_UTF8);
2465 return newSUB(start_subparse(FALSE, 0),
2466 newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, sv),
2475 Perl_get_cv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 flags)
2477 return get_cvn_flags(name, strlen(name), flags);
2480 /* Be sure to refetch the stack pointer after calling these routines. */
2484 =head1 Callback Functions
2486 =for apidoc p||call_argv
2488 Performs a callback to the specified Perl sub. See L<perlcall>.
2494 Perl_call_argv(pTHX_ const char *sub_name, I32 flags, register char **argv)
2496 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2497 /* null terminated arg list */
2505 mXPUSHs(newSVpv(*argv,0));
2510 return call_pv(sub_name, flags);
2514 =for apidoc p||call_pv
2516 Performs a callback to the specified Perl sub. See L<perlcall>.
2522 Perl_call_pv(pTHX_ const char *sub_name, I32 flags)
2523 /* name of the subroutine */
2524 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2526 return call_sv((SV*)get_cv(sub_name, TRUE), flags);
2530 =for apidoc p||call_method
2532 Performs a callback to the specified Perl method. The blessed object must
2533 be on the stack. See L<perlcall>.
2539 Perl_call_method(pTHX_ const char *methname, I32 flags)
2540 /* name of the subroutine */
2541 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2543 return call_sv(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(methname,0)), flags | G_METHOD);
2546 /* May be called with any of a CV, a GV, or an SV containing the name. */
2548 =for apidoc p||call_sv
2550 Performs a callback to the Perl sub whose name is in the SV. See
2557 Perl_call_sv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
2558 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2561 LOGOP myop; /* fake syntax tree node */
2566 bool oldcatch = CATCH_GET;
2568 OP* const oldop = PL_op;
2571 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2576 Zero(&myop, 1, LOGOP);
2577 myop.op_next = NULL;
2578 if (!(flags & G_NOARGS))
2579 myop.op_flags |= OPf_STACKED;
2580 myop.op_flags |= ((flags & G_VOID) ? OPf_WANT_VOID :
2581 (flags & G_ARRAY) ? OPf_WANT_LIST :
2586 EXTEND(PL_stack_sp, 1);
2587 *++PL_stack_sp = sv;
2589 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
2591 if (PERLDB_SUB && PL_curstash != PL_debstash
2592 /* Handle first BEGIN of -d. */
2593 && (PL_DBcv || (PL_DBcv = GvCV(PL_DBsub)))
2594 /* Try harder, since this may have been a sighandler, thus
2595 * curstash may be meaningless. */
2596 && (SvTYPE(sv) != SVt_PVCV || CvSTASH((CV*)sv) != PL_debstash)
2597 && !(flags & G_NODEBUG))
2598 PL_op->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_DB;
2600 if (flags & G_METHOD) {
2601 Zero(&method_op, 1, UNOP);
2602 method_op.op_next = PL_op;
2603 method_op.op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_METHOD];
2604 myop.op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_ENTERSUB];
2605 PL_op = (OP*)&method_op;
2608 if (!(flags & G_EVAL)) {
2610 CALL_BODY_SUB((OP*)&myop);
2611 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2612 CATCH_SET(oldcatch);
2615 myop.op_other = (OP*)&myop;
2617 create_eval_scope(flags|G_FAKINGEVAL);
2625 CALL_BODY_SUB((OP*)&myop);
2626 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2627 if (!(flags & G_KEEPERR))
2628 sv_setpvn(ERRSV,"",0);
2634 /* my_exit() was called */
2635 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2638 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED))
2639 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Callback called exit");
2644 PL_op = PL_restartop;
2648 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2649 if (flags & G_ARRAY)
2653 *++PL_stack_sp = &PL_sv_undef;
2658 if (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
2659 delete_eval_scope();
2663 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2664 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2673 /* Eval a string. The G_EVAL flag is always assumed. */
2676 =for apidoc p||eval_sv
2678 Tells Perl to C<eval> the string in the SV.
2684 Perl_eval_sv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
2686 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2690 UNOP myop; /* fake syntax tree node */
2691 VOL I32 oldmark = SP - PL_stack_base;
2694 OP* const oldop = PL_op;
2697 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2704 Zero(PL_op, 1, UNOP);
2705 EXTEND(PL_stack_sp, 1);
2706 *++PL_stack_sp = sv;
2708 if (!(flags & G_NOARGS))
2709 myop.op_flags = OPf_STACKED;
2710 myop.op_next = NULL;
2711 myop.op_type = OP_ENTEREVAL;
2712 myop.op_flags |= ((flags & G_VOID) ? OPf_WANT_VOID :
2713 (flags & G_ARRAY) ? OPf_WANT_LIST :
2715 if (flags & G_KEEPERR)
2716 myop.op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL;
2718 /* fail now; otherwise we could fail after the JMPENV_PUSH but
2719 * before a PUSHEVAL, which corrupts the stack after a croak */
2720 TAINT_PROPER("eval_sv()");
2726 CALL_BODY_EVAL((OP*)&myop);
2727 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2728 if (!(flags & G_KEEPERR))
2729 sv_setpvn(ERRSV,"",0);
2735 /* my_exit() was called */
2736 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2739 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED))
2740 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Callback called exit");
2745 PL_op = PL_restartop;
2749 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2750 if (flags & G_ARRAY)
2754 *++PL_stack_sp = &PL_sv_undef;
2760 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2761 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2771 =for apidoc p||eval_pv
2773 Tells Perl to C<eval> the given string and return an SV* result.
2779 Perl_eval_pv(pTHX_ const char *p, I32 croak_on_error)
2783 SV* sv = newSVpv(p, 0);
2785 eval_sv(sv, G_SCALAR);
2792 if (croak_on_error && SvTRUE(ERRSV)) {
2793 Perl_croak(aTHX_ SvPVx_nolen_const(ERRSV));
2799 /* Require a module. */
2802 =head1 Embedding Functions
2804 =for apidoc p||require_pv
2806 Tells Perl to C<require> the file named by the string argument. It is
2807 analogous to the Perl code C<eval "require '$file'">. It's even
2808 implemented that way; consider using load_module instead.
2813 Perl_require_pv(pTHX_ const char *pv)
2818 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_REQUIRE);
2820 sv = Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "require q%c%s%c", 0, pv, 0);
2821 eval_sv(sv_2mortal(sv), G_DISCARD);
2827 Perl_magicname(pTHX_ const char *sym, const char *name, I32 namlen)
2829 register GV * const gv = gv_fetchpv(sym, GV_ADD, SVt_PV);
2832 sv_magic(GvSV(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, namlen);
2836 S_usage(pTHX_ const char *name) /* XXX move this out into a module ? */
2838 /* This message really ought to be max 23 lines.
2839 * Removed -h because the user already knows that option. Others? */
2841 static const char * const usage_msg[] = {
2842 "-0[octal] specify record separator (\\0, if no argument)",
2843 "-a autosplit mode with -n or -p (splits $_ into @F)",
2844 "-C[number/list] enables the listed Unicode features",
2845 "-c check syntax only (runs BEGIN and CHECK blocks)",
2846 "-d[:debugger] run program under debugger",
2847 "-D[number/list] set debugging flags (argument is a bit mask or alphabets)",
2848 "-e program one line of program (several -e's allowed, omit programfile)",
2849 "-E program like -e, but enables all optional features",
2850 "-f don't do $sitelib/sitecustomize.pl at startup",
2851 "-F/pattern/ split() pattern for -a switch (//'s are optional)",
2852 "-i[extension] edit <> files in place (makes backup if extension supplied)",
2853 "-Idirectory specify @INC/#include directory (several -I's allowed)",
2854 "-l[octal] enable line ending processing, specifies line terminator",
2855 "-[mM][-]module execute \"use/no module...\" before executing program",
2856 "-n assume \"while (<>) { ... }\" loop around program",
2857 "-p assume loop like -n but print line also, like sed",
2858 "-s enable rudimentary parsing for switches after programfile",
2859 "-S look for programfile using PATH environment variable",
2860 "-t enable tainting warnings",
2861 "-T enable tainting checks",
2862 "-u dump core after parsing program",
2863 "-U allow unsafe operations",
2864 "-v print version, subversion (includes VERY IMPORTANT perl info)",
2865 "-V[:variable] print configuration summary (or a single Config.pm variable)",
2866 "-w enable many useful warnings (RECOMMENDED)",
2867 "-W enable all warnings",
2868 "-x[directory] strip off text before #!perl line and perhaps cd to directory",
2869 "-X disable all warnings",
2873 const char * const *p = usage_msg;
2875 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2876 "\nUsage: %s [switches] [--] [programfile] [arguments]",
2879 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(), "\n %s", *p++);
2882 /* convert a string of -D options (or digits) into an int.
2883 * sets *s to point to the char after the options */
2887 Perl_get_debug_opts(pTHX_ const char **s, bool givehelp)
2889 static const char * const usage_msgd[] = {
2890 " Debugging flag values: (see also -d)",
2891 " p Tokenizing and parsing (with v, displays parse stack)",
2892 " s Stack snapshots (with v, displays all stacks)",
2893 " l Context (loop) stack processing",
2894 " t Trace execution",
2895 " o Method and overloading resolution",
2896 " c String/numeric conversions",
2897 " P Print profiling info, source file input state",
2898 " m Memory allocation",
2899 " f Format processing",
2900 " r Regular expression parsing and execution",
2901 " x Syntax tree dump",
2902 " u Tainting checks",
2903 " H Hash dump -- usurps values()",
2904 " X Scratchpad allocation",
2906 " S Thread synchronization",
2908 " R Include reference counts of dumped variables (eg when using -Ds)",
2909 " J Do not s,t,P-debug (Jump over) opcodes within package DB",
2910 " v Verbose: use in conjunction with other flags",
2912 " A Consistency checks on internal structures",
2913 " q quiet - currently only suppresses the 'EXECUTING' message",
2918 /* if adding extra options, remember to update DEBUG_MASK */
2919 static const char debopts[] = "psltocPmfrxuUHXDSTRJvCAq";
2921 for (; isALNUM(**s); (*s)++) {
2922 const char * const d = strchr(debopts,**s);
2924 i |= 1 << (d - debopts);
2925 else if (ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
2926 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
2927 "invalid option -D%c, use -D'' to see choices\n", **s);
2930 else if (isDIGIT(**s)) {
2932 for (; isALNUM(**s); (*s)++) ;
2934 else if (givehelp) {
2935 const char *const *p = usage_msgd;
2936 while (*p) PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(), "%s\n", *p++);
2939 if ((i & DEBUG_p_FLAG) && ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
2940 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
2941 "-Dp not implemented on this platform\n");
2947 /* This routine handles any switches that can be given during run */
2950 Perl_moreswitches(pTHX_ const char *s)
2961 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rs);
2962 if (s[1] == 'x' && s[2]) {
2963 const char *e = s+=2;
2969 flags = PERL_SCAN_SILENT_ILLDIGIT;
2970 rschar = (U32)grok_hex(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
2971 if (s + numlen < e) {
2972 rschar = 0; /* Grandfather -0xFOO as -0 -xFOO. */
2976 PL_rs = newSVpvs("");
2977 SvGROW(PL_rs, (STRLEN)(UNISKIP(rschar) + 1));
2978 tmps = (U8*)SvPVX(PL_rs);
2979 uvchr_to_utf8(tmps, rschar);
2980 SvCUR_set(PL_rs, UNISKIP(rschar));
2985 rschar = (U32)grok_oct(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
2986 if (rschar & ~((U8)~0))
2987 PL_rs = &PL_sv_undef;
2988 else if (!rschar && numlen >= 2)
2989 PL_rs = newSVpvs("");
2991 char ch = (char)rschar;
2992 PL_rs = newSVpvn(&ch, 1);
2995 sv_setsv(get_sv("/", TRUE), PL_rs);
3000 PL_unicode = parse_unicode_opts( (const char **)&s );
3001 if (PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_UTF8CACHEASSERT_FLAG)
3007 while (*s && !isSPACE(*s)) ++s;
3008 PL_splitstr = savepvn(PL_splitstr, s - PL_splitstr);
3019 forbid_setid('d', -1);
3022 /* -dt indicates to the debugger that threads will be used */
3023 if (*s == 't' && !isALNUM(s[1])) {
3025 my_setenv("PERL5DB_THREADED", "1");
3028 /* The following permits -d:Mod to accepts arguments following an =
3029 in the fashion that -MSome::Mod does. */
3030 if (*s == ':' || *s == '=') {
3031 const char *start = ++s;
3032 const char *const end = s + strlen(s);
3033 SV * const sv = newSVpvs("use Devel::");
3035 /* We now allow -d:Module=Foo,Bar */
3036 while(isALNUM(*s) || *s==':') ++s;
3038 sv_catpvn(sv, start, end - start);
3040 sv_catpvn(sv, start, s-start);
3041 /* Don't use NUL as q// delimiter here, this string goes in the
3043 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ sv, " split(/,/,q{%s});", ++s);
3046 my_setenv("PERL5DB", SvPV_nolen_const(sv));
3050 PL_perldb = PERLDB_ALL;
3057 forbid_setid('D', -1);
3059 PL_debug = get_debug_opts( (const char **)&s, 1) | DEBUG_TOP_FLAG;
3060 #else /* !DEBUGGING */
3061 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
3062 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
3063 "Recompile perl with -DDEBUGGING to use -D switch (did you mean -d ?)\n");
3064 for (s++; isALNUM(*s); s++) ;
3069 usage(PL_origargv[0]);
3072 Safefree(PL_inplace);
3073 #if defined(__CYGWIN__) /* do backup extension automagically */
3074 if (*(s+1) == '\0') {
3075 PL_inplace = savepvs(".bak");
3078 #endif /* __CYGWIN__ */
3080 const char * const start = ++s;
3081 while (*s && !isSPACE(*s))
3084 PL_inplace = savepvn(start, s - start);
3088 if (*s == '-') /* Additional switches on #! line. */
3092 case 'I': /* -I handled both here and in parse_body() */
3093 forbid_setid('I', -1);
3095 while (*s && isSPACE(*s))
3100 /* ignore trailing spaces (possibly followed by other switches) */
3102 for (e = p; *e && !isSPACE(*e); e++) ;
3106 } while (*p && *p != '-');
3107 e = savepvn(s, e-s);
3108 incpush(e, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE, FALSE);
3115 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No directory specified for -I");
3121 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ors_sv);
3127 PL_ors_sv = newSVpvs("\n");
3128 numlen = 3 + (*s == '0');
3129 *SvPVX(PL_ors_sv) = (char)grok_oct(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
3133 if (RsPARA(PL_rs)) {
3134 PL_ors_sv = newSVpvs("\n\n");
3137 PL_ors_sv = newSVsv(PL_rs);
3142 forbid_setid('M', -1); /* XXX ? */
3145 forbid_setid('m', -1); /* XXX ? */
3150 const char *use = "use ";
3151 /* -M-foo == 'no foo' */
3152 /* Leading space on " no " is deliberate, to make both
3153 possibilities the same length. */
3154 if (*s == '-') { use = " no "; ++s; }
3155 sv = newSVpvn(use,4);
3157 /* We allow -M'Module qw(Foo Bar)' */
3158 while(isALNUM(*s) || *s==':') ++s;
3159 end = s + strlen(s);
3161 sv_catpvn(sv, start, end - start);
3162 if (*(start-1) == 'm') {
3164 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use '%c' after -mname", *s);
3165 sv_catpvs( sv, " ()");
3169 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Module name required with -%c option",
3171 sv_catpvn(sv, start, s-start);
3172 /* Use NUL as q''-delimiter. */
3173 sv_catpvs(sv, " split(/,/,q\0");
3175 sv_catpvn(sv, s, end - s);
3176 sv_catpvs(sv, "\0)");
3179 Perl_av_create_and_push(aTHX_ &PL_preambleav, sv);
3182 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Missing argument to -%c", *(s-1));
3193 forbid_setid('s', -1);
3194 PL_doswitches = TRUE;
3208 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3209 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Believe me, you don't want to use \"-u\" on a Macintosh");
3211 PL_do_undump = TRUE;
3219 if (!sv_derived_from(PL_patchlevel, "version"))
3220 upg_version(PL_patchlevel, TRUE);
3222 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3223 Perl_form(aTHX_ "\nThis is perl, %"SVf
3224 #ifdef PERL_PATCHNUM
3225 " DEVEL" STRINGIFY(PERL_PATCHNUM)
3228 SVfARG(vstringify(PL_patchlevel)),
3231 /* Adjust verbose output as in the perl that ships with the DG/UX OS from EMC */
3232 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3233 Perl_form(aTHX_ "\nThis is perl, %"SVf"\n",
3234 SVfARG(vstringify(PL_patchlevel))));
3235 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3236 Perl_form(aTHX_ " built under %s at %s %s\n",
3237 OSNAME, __DATE__, __TIME__));
3238 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3239 Perl_form(aTHX_ " OS Specific Release: %s\n",
3243 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
3244 if (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT > 0)
3245 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3246 "\n(with %d registered patch%s, "
3247 "see perl -V for more detail)",
3249 (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT!=1) ? "es" : "");
3252 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3253 "\n\nCopyright 1987-2007, Larry Wall\n");
3254 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3255 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3256 "\nMac OS port Copyright 1991-2002, Matthias Neeracher;\n"
3257 "maintained by Chris Nandor\n");
3260 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3261 "\nMS-DOS port Copyright (c) 1989, 1990, Diomidis Spinellis\n");
3264 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3265 "djgpp v2 port (jpl5003c) by Hirofumi Watanabe, 1996\n"
3266 "djgpp v2 port (perl5004+) by Laszlo Molnar, 1997-1999\n");
3269 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3270 "\n\nOS/2 port Copyright (c) 1990, 1991, Raymond Chen, Kai Uwe Rommel\n"
3271 "Version 5 port Copyright (c) 1994-2002, Andreas Kaiser, Ilya Zakharevich\n");
3274 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3275 "atariST series port, ++jrb bammi@cadence.com\n");
3278 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3279 "BeOS port Copyright Tom Spindler, 1997-1999\n");
3282 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3283 "MPE/iX port Copyright by Mark Klein and Mark Bixby, 1996-2003\n");
3286 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3287 "MVS (OS390) port by Mortice Kern Systems, 1997-1999\n");
3290 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3291 "Stratus VOS port by Paul.Green@stratus.com, 1997-2002\n");
3294 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3295 "VM/ESA port by Neale Ferguson, 1998-1999\n");
3298 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3299 "BS2000 (POSIX) port by Start Amadeus GmbH, 1998-1999\n");
3302 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3303 "MiNT port by Guido Flohr, 1997-1999\n");
3306 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3307 "EPOC port by Olaf Flebbe, 1999-2002\n");
3310 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),"WINCE port by Rainer Keuchel, 2001-2002\n");
3311 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),"Built on " __DATE__ " " __TIME__ "\n\n");
3314 #ifdef __SYMBIAN32__
3315 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3316 "Symbian port by Nokia, 2004-2005\n");
3318 #ifdef BINARY_BUILD_NOTICE
3319 BINARY_BUILD_NOTICE;
3321 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3323 Perl may be copied only under the terms of either the Artistic License or the\n\
3324 GNU General Public License, which may be found in the Perl 5 source kit.\n\n\
3325 Complete documentation for Perl, including FAQ lists, should be found on\n\
3326 this system using \"man perl\" or \"perldoc perl\". If you have access to the\n\
3327 Internet, point your browser at http://www.perl.org/, the Perl Home Page.\n\n");
3330 if (! (PL_dowarn & G_WARN_ALL_MASK)) {
3331 PL_dowarn |= G_WARN_ON;
3336 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_ALL_ON|G_WARN_ON;
3337 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
3338 PerlMemShared_free(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
3339 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = pWARN_ALL ;
3343 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_ALL_OFF;
3344 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
3345 PerlMemShared_free(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
3346 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = pWARN_NONE ;
3351 if (s[1] == '-') /* Additional switches on #! line. */
3356 #if defined(WIN32) || !defined(PERL_STRICT_CR)
3362 #ifdef ALTERNATE_SHEBANG
3363 case 'S': /* OS/2 needs -S on "extproc" line. */
3367 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't emulate -%.1s on #! line",s);
3372 /* compliments of Tom Christiansen */
3374 /* unexec() can be found in the Gnu emacs distribution */
3375 /* Known to work with -DUNEXEC and using unexelf.c from GNU emacs-20.2 */
3378 Perl_my_unexec(pTHX)
3380 PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
3382 SV * prog = newSVpv(BIN_EXP, 0);
3383 SV * file = newSVpv(PL_origfilename, 0);
3387 sv_catpvs(prog, "/perl");
3388 sv_catpvs(file, ".perldump");
3390 unexec(SvPVX(file), SvPVX(prog), &etext, sbrk(0), 0);
3391 /* unexec prints msg to stderr in case of failure */
3392 PerlProc_exit(status);
3395 # include <lib$routines.h>
3396 lib$signal(SS$_DEBUG); /* ssdef.h #included from vmsish.h */
3397 # elif defined(WIN32) || defined(__CYGWIN__)
3398 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "dump is not supported");
3400 ABORT(); /* for use with undump */
3405 /* initialize curinterp */
3411 # define PERLVAR(var,type)
3412 # define PERLVARA(var,n,type)
3413 # if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
3414 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) aTHX->var = init;
3415 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) aTHX->var = init;
3417 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
3418 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
3420 # include "intrpvar.h"
3426 # define PERLVAR(var,type)
3427 # define PERLVARA(var,n,type)
3428 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PL_##var = init;
3429 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PL_##var = init;
3430 # include "intrpvar.h"
3437 /* As these are inside a structure, PERLVARI isn't capable of initialising
3439 PL_reg_oldcurpm = PL_reg_curpm = NULL;
3440 PL_reg_poscache = PL_reg_starttry = NULL;
3444 S_init_main_stash(pTHX)
3449 PL_curstash = PL_defstash = newHV();
3450 /* We know that the string "main" will be in the global shared string
3451 table, so it's a small saving to use it rather than allocate another
3453 PL_curstname = newSVpvs_share("main");
3454 gv = gv_fetchpvs("main::", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVHV);
3455 /* If we hadn't caused another reference to "main" to be in the shared
3456 string table above, then it would be worth reordering these two,
3457 because otherwise all we do is delete "main" from it as a consequence
3458 of the SvREFCNT_dec, only to add it again with hv_name_set */
3459 SvREFCNT_dec(GvHV(gv));
3460 hv_name_set(PL_defstash, "main", 4, 0);
3461 GvHV(gv) = (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc_simple(PL_defstash);
3463 PL_incgv = gv_HVadd(gv_AVadd(gv_fetchpvs("INC", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL,
3465 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void(PL_incgv); /* Don't allow it to be freed */
3466 GvMULTI_on(PL_incgv);
3467 PL_hintgv = gv_fetchpvs("\010", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV); /* ^H */
3468 GvMULTI_on(PL_hintgv);
3469 PL_defgv = gv_fetchpvs("_", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVAV);
3470 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void(PL_defgv);
3471 PL_errgv = gv_HVadd(gv_fetchpvs("@", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV));
3472 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void(PL_errgv);
3473 GvMULTI_on(PL_errgv);
3474 PL_replgv = gv_fetchpvs("\022", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV); /* ^R */
3475 GvMULTI_on(PL_replgv);
3476 (void)Perl_form(aTHX_ "%240s",""); /* Preallocate temp - for immediate signals. */
3477 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
3480 sv_grow(ERRSV, 240); /* Preallocate - for immediate signals. */
3481 sv_setpvn(ERRSV, "", 0);
3482 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
3483 CopSTASH_set(&PL_compiling, PL_defstash);
3484 PL_debstash = GvHV(gv_fetchpvs("DB::", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
3485 PL_globalstash = GvHV(gv_fetchpvs("CORE::GLOBAL::", GV_ADDMULTI,
3487 /* We must init $/ before switches are processed. */
3488 sv_setpvn(get_sv("/", TRUE), "\n", 1);
3492 S_open_script(pTHX_ const char *scriptname, bool dosearch,
3493 int *suidscript, PerlIO **rsfpp)
3501 PL_origfilename = savepvs("-e");
3504 /* if find_script() returns, it returns a malloc()-ed value */
3505 scriptname = PL_origfilename = find_script(scriptname, dosearch, NULL, 1);
3507 if (strnEQ(scriptname, "/dev/fd/", 8) && isDIGIT(scriptname[8]) ) {
3508 const char *s = scriptname + 8;
3514 * Tell apart "normal" usage of fdscript, e.g.
3515 * with bash on FreeBSD:
3516 * perl <( echo '#!perl -DA'; echo 'print "$0\n"')
3517 * from usage in suidperl.
3518 * Does any "normal" usage leave garbage after the number???
3519 * Is it a mistake to use a similar /dev/fd/ construct for
3524 * Be supersafe and do some sanity-checks.
3525 * Still, can we be sure we got the right thing?
3528 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Wrong syntax (suid) fd script name \"%s\"\n", s);
3531 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Missing (suid) fd script name\n");
3533 scriptname = savepv(s + 1);
3534 Safefree(PL_origfilename);
3535 PL_origfilename = (char *)scriptname;
3540 CopFILE_free(PL_curcop);
3541 CopFILE_set(PL_curcop, PL_origfilename);
3542 if (*PL_origfilename == '-' && PL_origfilename[1] == '\0')
3543 scriptname = (char *)"";
3544 if (fdscript >= 0) {
3545 *rsfpp = PerlIO_fdopen(fdscript,PERL_SCRIPT_MODE);
3546 # if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3548 /* ensure close-on-exec */
3549 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(*rsfpp),F_SETFD,1);
3554 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "sperl needs fd script\n"
3555 "You should not call sperl directly; do you need to "
3556 "change a #! line\nfrom sperl to perl?\n");
3559 * Do not open (or do other fancy stuff) while setuid.
3560 * Perl does the open, and hands script to suidperl on a fd;
3561 * suidperl only does some checks, sets up UIDs and re-execs
3562 * perl with that fd as it has always done.
3565 if (*suidscript != 1) {
3566 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "suidperl needs (suid) fd script\n");
3569 else if (!*scriptname) {
3570 forbid_setid(0, *suidscript);
3571 *rsfpp = PerlIO_stdin();
3574 #ifdef FAKE_BIT_BUCKET
3575 /* This hack allows one not to have /dev/null (or BIT_BUCKET as it
3576 * is called) and still have the "-e" work. (Believe it or not,
3577 * a /dev/null is required for the "-e" to work because source
3578 * filter magic is used to implement it. ) This is *not* a general
3579 * replacement for a /dev/null. What we do here is create a temp
3580 * file (an empty file), open up that as the script, and then
3581 * immediately close and unlink it. Close enough for jazz. */
3582 #define FAKE_BIT_BUCKET_PREFIX "/tmp/perlnull-"
3583 #define FAKE_BIT_BUCKET_SUFFIX "XXXXXXXX"
3584 #define FAKE_BIT_BUCKET_TEMPLATE FAKE_BIT_BUCKET_PREFIX FAKE_BIT_BUCKET_SUFFIX
3585 char tmpname[sizeof(FAKE_BIT_BUCKET_TEMPLATE)] = {
3586 FAKE_BIT_BUCKET_TEMPLATE
3588 const char * const err = "Failed to create a fake bit bucket";
3589 if (strEQ(scriptname, BIT_BUCKET)) {
3590 #ifdef HAS_MKSTEMP /* Hopefully mkstemp() is safe here. */
3591 int tmpfd = mkstemp(tmpname);
3593 scriptname = tmpname;
3596 Perl_croak(aTHX_ err);
3599 scriptname = mktemp(tmpname);
3601 Perl_croak(aTHX_ err);
3606 *rsfpp = PerlIO_open(scriptname,PERL_SCRIPT_MODE);
3607 #ifdef FAKE_BIT_BUCKET
3608 if (memEQ(scriptname, FAKE_BIT_BUCKET_PREFIX,
3609 sizeof(FAKE_BIT_BUCKET_PREFIX) - 1)
3610 && strlen(scriptname) == sizeof(tmpname) - 1) {
3613 scriptname = BIT_BUCKET;
3615 # if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3617 /* ensure close-on-exec */
3618 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(*rsfpp),F_SETFD,1);
3621 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3623 /* PSz 16 Sep 03 Keep neat error message */
3625 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't open "BIT_BUCKET": %s\n", Strerror(errno));
3627 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't open perl script \"%s\": %s\n",
3628 CopFILE(PL_curcop), Strerror(errno));
3634 * I_SYSSTATVFS HAS_FSTATVFS
3636 * I_STATFS HAS_FSTATFS HAS_GETFSSTAT
3637 * I_MNTENT HAS_GETMNTENT HAS_HASMNTOPT
3638 * here so that metaconfig picks them up. */
3642 S_fd_on_nosuid_fs(pTHX_ int fd)
3645 * We used to do this as "plain" user (after swapping UIDs with setreuid);
3646 * but is needed also on machines without setreuid.
3647 * Seems safe enough to run as root.
3649 int check_okay = 0; /* able to do all the required sys/libcalls */
3650 int on_nosuid = 0; /* the fd is on a nosuid fs */
3652 * Need to check noexec also: nosuid might not be set, the average
3653 * sysadmin would say that nosuid is irrelevant once he sets noexec.
3655 int on_noexec = 0; /* the fd is on a noexec fs */
3658 * Preferred order: fstatvfs(), fstatfs(), ustat()+getmnt(), getmntent().
3659 * fstatvfs() is UNIX98.
3660 * fstatfs() is 4.3 BSD.
3661 * ustat()+getmnt() is pre-4.3 BSD.
3662 * getmntent() is O(number-of-mounted-filesystems) and can hang on
3663 * an irrelevant filesystem while trying to reach the right one.
3666 #undef FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY /* found the syscalls to do the check? */
3668 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3669 defined(HAS_FSTATVFS)
3670 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3671 struct statvfs stfs;
3673 check_okay = fstatvfs(fd, &stfs) == 0;
3674 on_nosuid = check_okay && (stfs.f_flag & ST_NOSUID);
3676 /* ST_NOEXEC certainly absent on AIX 5.1, and doesn't seem to be documented
3677 on platforms where it is present. */
3678 on_noexec = check_okay && (stfs.f_flag & ST_NOEXEC);
3680 # endif /* fstatvfs */
3682 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3683 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID) && \
3684 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC) && \
3685 defined(HAS_FSTATFS) && \
3686 defined(HAS_STRUCT_STATFS) && \
3687 defined(HAS_STRUCT_STATFS_F_FLAGS)
3688 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3691 check_okay = fstatfs(fd, &stfs) == 0;
3692 on_nosuid = check_okay && (stfs.f_flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID);
3693 on_noexec = check_okay && (stfs.f_flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC);
3694 # endif /* fstatfs */
3696 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3697 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID) && \
3698 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC) && \
3699 defined(HAS_FSTAT) && \
3700 defined(HAS_USTAT) && \
3701 defined(HAS_GETMNT) && \
3702 defined(HAS_STRUCT_FS_DATA) && \
3704 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3707 if (fstat(fd, &fdst) == 0) {
3709 if (ustat(fdst.st_dev, &us) == 0) {
3711 /* NOSTAT_ONE here because we're not examining fields which
3712 * vary between that case and STAT_ONE. */
3713 if (getmnt((int*)0, &fsd, (int)0, NOSTAT_ONE, us.f_fname) == 0) {
3714 size_t cmplen = sizeof(us.f_fname);
3715 if (sizeof(fsd.fd_req.path) < cmplen)
3716 cmplen = sizeof(fsd.fd_req.path);
3717 if (strnEQ(fsd.fd_req.path, us.f_fname, cmplen) &&
3718 fdst.st_dev == fsd.fd_req.dev) {
3720 on_nosuid = fsd.fd_req.flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID;
3721 on_noexec = fsd.fd_req.flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC;
3726 # endif /* fstat+ustat+getmnt */
3728 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3729 defined(HAS_GETMNTENT) && \
3730 defined(HAS_HASMNTOPT) && \
3731 defined(MNTOPT_NOSUID) && \
3732 defined(MNTOPT_NOEXEC)
3733 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3734 FILE *mtab = fopen("/etc/mtab", "r");
3735 struct mntent *entry;
3738 if (mtab && (fstat(fd, &stb) == 0)) {
3739 while (entry = getmntent(mtab)) {
3740 if (stat(entry->mnt_dir, &fsb) == 0
3741 && fsb.st_dev == stb.st_dev)
3743 /* found the filesystem */
3745 if (hasmntopt(entry, MNTOPT_NOSUID))
3747 if (hasmntopt(entry, MNTOPT_NOEXEC))
3750 } /* A single fs may well fail its stat(). */
3755 # endif /* getmntent+hasmntopt */
3758 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't check filesystem of script \"%s\" for nosuid/noexec", PL_origfilename);
3760 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script \"%s\" on nosuid filesystem", PL_origfilename);
3762 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script \"%s\" on noexec filesystem", PL_origfilename);
3763 return ((!check_okay) || on_nosuid || on_noexec);
3765 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3768 S_validate_suid(pTHX_ const char *validarg, const char *scriptname,
3769 int fdscript, int suidscript, SV *linestr_sv, PerlIO *rsfp)
3774 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3776 /* do we need to emulate setuid on scripts? */
3778 /* This code is for those BSD systems that have setuid #! scripts disabled
3779 * in the kernel because of a security problem. Merely defining DOSUID
3780 * in perl will not fix that problem, but if you have disabled setuid
3781 * scripts in the kernel, this will attempt to emulate setuid and setgid
3782 * on scripts that have those now-otherwise-useless bits set. The setuid
3783 * root version must be called suidperl or sperlN.NNN. If regular perl
3784 * discovers that it has opened a setuid script, it calls suidperl with
3785 * the same argv that it had. If suidperl finds that the script it has
3786 * just opened is NOT setuid root, it sets the effective uid back to the
3787 * uid. We don't just make perl setuid root because that loses the
3788 * effective uid we had before invoking perl, if it was different from the
3791 * Description/comments above do not match current workings:
3792 * suidperl must be hardlinked to sperlN.NNN (that is what we exec);
3793 * suidperl called with script open and name changed to /dev/fd/N/X;
3794 * suidperl croaks if script is not setuid;
3795 * making perl setuid would be a huge security risk (and yes, that
3796 * would lose any euid we might have had).
3798 * DOSUID must be defined in both perl and suidperl, and IAMSUID must
3799 * be defined in suidperl only. suidperl must be setuid root. The
3800 * Configure script will set this up for you if you want it.
3806 if (PerlLIO_fstat(PerlIO_fileno(rsfp),&PL_statbuf) < 0) /* normal stat is insecure */
3807 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't stat script \"%s\"",PL_origfilename);
3808 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & (S_ISUID|S_ISGID)) {
3810 const char *linestr;
3814 if (fdscript < 0 || suidscript != 1)
3815 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Need (suid) fdscript in suidperl\n"); /* We already checked this */
3817 * Since the script is opened by perl, not suidperl, some of these
3818 * checks are superfluous. Leaving them in probably does not lower
3822 * Do checks even for systems with no HAS_SETREUID.
3823 * We used to swap, then re-swap UIDs with
3824 # ifdef HAS_SETREUID
3825 if (setreuid(PL_euid,PL_uid) < 0
3826 || PerlProc_getuid() != PL_euid || PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_uid)
3827 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't swap uid and euid");
3829 # ifdef HAS_SETREUID
3830 if (setreuid(PL_uid,PL_euid) < 0
3831 || PerlProc_getuid() != PL_uid || PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_euid)
3832 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't reswap uid and euid");
3836 /* On this access check to make sure the directories are readable,
3837 * there is actually a small window that the user could use to make
3838 * filename point to an accessible directory. So there is a faint
3839 * chance that someone could execute a setuid script down in a
3840 * non-accessible directory. I don't know what to do about that.
3841 * But I don't think it's too important. The manual lies when
3842 * it says access() is useful in setuid programs.
3844 * So, access() is pretty useless... but not harmful... do anyway.
3846 if (PerlLIO_access(CopFILE(PL_curcop),1)) { /*double check*/
3847 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't access() script\n");
3850 /* If we can swap euid and uid, then we can determine access rights
3851 * with a simple stat of the file, and then compare device and
3852 * inode to make sure we did stat() on the same file we opened.
3853 * Then we just have to make sure he or she can execute it.
3856 * As the script is opened by perl, not suidperl, we do not need to
3857 * care much about access rights.
3859 * The 'script changed' check is needed, or we can get lied to
3860 * about $0 with e.g.
3861 * suidperl /dev/fd/4//bin/x 4<setuidscript
3862 * Without HAS_SETREUID, is it safe to stat() as root?
3864 * Are there any operating systems that pass /dev/fd/xxx for setuid
3865 * scripts, as suggested/described in perlsec(1)? Surely they do not
3866 * pass the script name as we do, so the "script changed" test would
3867 * fail for them... but we never get here with
3868 * SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW defined.
3870 * This is one place where we must "lie" about return status: not
3871 * say if the stat() failed. We are doing this as root, and could
3872 * be tricked into reporting existence or not of files that the
3873 * "plain" user cannot even see.
3877 if (PerlLIO_stat(CopFILE(PL_curcop),&tmpstatbuf) < 0 ||
3878 tmpstatbuf.st_dev != PL_statbuf.st_dev ||
3879 tmpstatbuf.st_ino != PL_statbuf.st_ino) {
3880 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script changed\n");
3884 if (!cando(S_IXUSR,FALSE,&PL_statbuf)) /* can real uid exec? */
3885 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Real UID cannot exec script\n");
3888 * We used to do this check as the "plain" user (after swapping
3889 * UIDs). But the check for nosuid and noexec filesystem is needed,
3890 * and should be done even without HAS_SETREUID. (Maybe those
3891 * operating systems do not have such mount options anyway...)
3892 * Seems safe enough to do as root.
3894 # if !defined(NO_NOSUID_CHECK)
3895 if (fd_on_nosuid_fs(PerlIO_fileno(rsfp))) {
3896 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script on nosuid or noexec filesystem\n");
3899 # endif /* IAMSUID */
3901 if (!S_ISREG(PL_statbuf.st_mode)) {
3902 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script not plain file\n");
3904 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_IWOTH)
3905 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid/gid script is writable by world");
3906 PL_doswitches = FALSE; /* -s is insecure in suid */
3907 /* PSz 13 Nov 03 But -s was caught elsewhere ... so unsetting it here is useless(?!) */
3908 CopLINE_inc(PL_curcop);
3909 if (sv_gets(linestr_sv, rsfp, 0) == NULL)
3910 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No #! line");
3911 linestr = SvPV_nolen_const(linestr_sv);
3912 /* required even on Sys V */
3913 if (!*linestr || !linestr[1] || strnNE(linestr,"#!",2))
3914 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No #! line");
3918 /* Sanity check on line length */
3919 s_end = s + strlen(s);
3920 if (s_end == s || (s_end - s) > 4000)
3921 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Very long #! line");
3922 /* Allow more than a single space after #! */
3923 while (isSPACE(*s)) s++;
3924 /* Sanity check on buffer end */
3925 while ((*s) && !isSPACE(*s)) s++;
3926 for (s2 = s; (s2 > linestr &&
3927 (isDIGIT(s2[-1]) || s2[-1] == '.' || s2[-1] == '_'
3928 || s2[-1] == '-')); s2--) ;
3929 /* Sanity check on buffer start */
3930 if ( (s2-4 < linestr || strnNE(s2-4,"perl",4)) &&
3931 (s-9 < linestr || strnNE(s-9,"perl",4)) )
3932 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Not a perl script");
3933 while (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t') s++;
3935 * #! arg must be what we saw above. They can invoke it by
3936 * mentioning suidperl explicitly, but they may not add any strange
3937 * arguments beyond what #! says if they do invoke suidperl that way.
3940 * The way validarg was set up, we rely on the kernel to start
3941 * scripts with argv[1] set to contain all #! line switches (the
3945 * Check that we got all the arguments listed in the #! line (not
3946 * just that there are no extraneous arguments). Might not matter
3947 * much, as switches from #! line seem to be acted upon (also), and
3948 * so may be checked and trapped in perl. But, security checks must
3949 * be done in suidperl and not deferred to perl. Note that suidperl
3950 * does not get around to parsing (and checking) the switches on
3951 * the #! line (but execs perl sooner).
3952 * Allow (require) a trailing newline (which may be of two
3953 * characters on some architectures?) (but no other trailing
3956 len = strlen(validarg);
3957 if (strEQ(validarg," PHOOEY ") ||
3958 strnNE(s,validarg,len) || !isSPACE(s[len]) ||
3959 !((s_end - s) == len+1
3960 || ((s_end - s) == len+2 && isSPACE(s[len+1]))))
3961 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Args must match #! line");
3965 PL_euid != PL_uid && (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID) &&
3966 PL_euid == PL_statbuf.st_uid)
3968 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "YOU HAVEN'T DISABLED SET-ID SCRIPTS IN THE KERNEL YET!\n\
3969 FIX YOUR KERNEL, OR PUT A C WRAPPER AROUND THIS SCRIPT!\n");
3970 # endif /* IAMSUID */
3973 PL_euid) { /* oops, we're not the setuid root perl */
3975 * When root runs a setuid script, we do not go through the same
3976 * steps of execing sperl and then perl with fd scripts, but
3977 * simply set up UIDs within the same perl invocation; so do
3978 * not have the same checks (on options, whatever) that we have
3979 * for plain users. No problem really: would have to be a script
3980 * that does not actually work for plain users; and if root is
3981 * foolish and can be persuaded to run such an unsafe script, he
3982 * might run also non-setuid ones, and deserves what he gets.
3984 * Or, we might drop the PL_euid check above (and rely just on
3985 * fdscript to avoid loops), and do the execs
3991 * Pass fd script to suidperl.
3992 * Exec suidperl, substituting fd script for scriptname.
3993 * Pass script name as "subdir" of fd, which perl will grok;
3994 * in fact will use that to distinguish this from "normal"
3995 * usage, see comments above.
3997 PerlIO_rewind(rsfp);
3998 PerlLIO_lseek(PerlIO_fileno(rsfp),(Off_t)0,0); /* just in case rewind didn't */
3999 /* PSz 27 Feb 04 Sanity checks on scriptname */
4000 if ((!scriptname) || (!*scriptname) ) {
4001 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No setuid script name\n");
4003 if (*scriptname == '-') {
4004 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script name may not begin with dash\n");
4005 /* Or we might confuse it with an option when replacing
4006 * name in argument list, below (though we do pointer, not
4007 * string, comparisons).
4010 for (which = 1; PL_origargv[which] && PL_origargv[which] != scriptname; which++) ;
4011 if (!PL_origargv[which]) {
4012 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't change argv to have fd script\n");
4014 PL_origargv[which] = savepv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "/dev/fd/%d/%s",
4015 PerlIO_fileno(rsfp), PL_origargv[which]));
4016 # if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
4017 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(rsfp),F_SETFD,0); /* ensure no close-on-exec */
4020 PerlProc_execv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s/sperl"PERL_FS_VER_FMT, BIN_EXP,
4021 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
4022 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION), PL_origargv);
4024 # endif /* IAMSUID */
4025 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setuid (cannot exec sperl)\n");
4028 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISGID && PL_statbuf.st_gid != PL_egid) {
4030 * This seems back to front: we try HAS_SETEGID first; if not available
4031 * then try HAS_SETREGID; as a last chance we try HAS_SETRESGID. May be OK
4032 * in the sense that we only want to set EGID; but are there any machines
4033 * with either of the latter, but not the former? Same with UID, later.
4036 (void)setegid(PL_statbuf.st_gid);
4038 # ifdef HAS_SETREGID
4039 (void)setregid((Gid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_gid);
4041 # ifdef HAS_SETRESGID
4042 (void)setresgid((Gid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_gid,(Gid_t)-1);
4044 PerlProc_setgid(PL_statbuf.st_gid);
4048 if (PerlProc_getegid() != PL_statbuf.st_gid)
4049 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setegid!\n");
4051 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID) {
4052 if (PL_statbuf.st_uid != PL_euid)
4054 (void)seteuid(PL_statbuf.st_uid); /* all that for this */
4056 # ifdef HAS_SETREUID
4057 (void)setreuid((Uid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_uid);
4059 # ifdef HAS_SETRESUID
4060 (void)setresuid((Uid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_uid,(Uid_t)-1);
4062 PerlProc_setuid(PL_statbuf.st_uid);
4066 if (PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_statbuf.st_uid)
4067 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do seteuid!\n");
4069 else if (PL_uid) { /* oops, mustn't run as root */
4071 (void)seteuid((Uid_t)PL_uid);
4073 # ifdef HAS_SETREUID
4074 (void)setreuid((Uid_t)-1,(Uid_t)PL_uid);
4076 # ifdef HAS_SETRESUID
4077 (void)setresuid((Uid_t)-1,(Uid_t)PL_uid,(Uid_t)-1);
4079 PerlProc_setuid((Uid_t)PL_uid);
4083 if (PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_uid)
4084 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do seteuid!\n");
4087 if (!cando(S_IXUSR,TRUE,&PL_statbuf))
4088 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Effective UID cannot exec script\n"); /* they can't do this */
4091 else if (fdscript < 0 || suidscript != 1)
4092 /* PSz 13 Nov 03 Caught elsewhere, useless(?!) here */
4093 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "(suid) fdscript needed in suidperl\n");
4095 /* PSz 16 Sep 03 Keep neat error message */
4096 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Script is not setuid/setgid in suidperl\n");
4099 /* We absolutely must clear out any saved ids here, so we */
4100 /* exec the real perl, substituting fd script for scriptname. */
4101 /* (We pass script name as "subdir" of fd, which perl will grok.) */
4103 * It might be thought that using setresgid and/or setresuid (changed to
4104 * set the saved IDs) above might obviate the need to exec, and we could
4105 * go on to "do the perl thing".
4107 * Is there such a thing as "saved GID", and is that set for setuid (but
4108 * not setgid) execution like suidperl? Without exec, it would not be
4109 * cleared for setuid (but not setgid) scripts (or might need a dummy
4112 * We need suidperl to do the exact same argument checking that perl
4113 * does. Thus it cannot be very small; while it could be significantly
4114 * smaller, it is safer (simpler?) to make it essentially the same
4115 * binary as perl (but they are not identical). - Maybe could defer that
4116 * check to the invoked perl, and suidperl be a tiny wrapper instead;
4117 * but prefer to do thorough checks in suidperl itself. Such deferral
4118 * would make suidperl security rely on perl, a design no-no.
4120 * Setuid things should be short and simple, thus easy to understand and
4121 * verify. They should do their "own thing", without influence by
4122 * attackers. It may help if their internal execution flow is fixed,
4123 * regardless of platform: it may be best to exec anyway.
4125 * Suidperl should at least be conceptually simple: a wrapper only,
4126 * never to do any real perl. Maybe we should put
4128 * Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Suidperl should never do real perl\n");
4130 * into the perly bits.
4132 PerlIO_rewind(rsfp);
4133 PerlLIO_lseek(PerlIO_fileno(rsfp),(Off_t)0,0); /* just in case rewind didn't */
4135 * Keep original arguments: suidperl already has fd script.
4137 /* for (which = 1; PL_origargv[which] && PL_origargv[which] != scriptname; which++) ; */
4138 /* if (!PL_origargv[which]) { */
4139 /* errno = EPERM; */
4140 /* Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Permission denied\n"); */
4142 /* PL_origargv[which] = savepv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "/dev/fd/%d/%s", */
4143 /* PerlIO_fileno(rsfp), PL_origargv[which])); */
4144 # if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
4145 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(rsfp),F_SETFD,0); /* ensure no close-on-exec */
4148 PerlProc_execv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s/perl"PERL_FS_VER_FMT, BIN_EXP,
4149 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
4150 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION), PL_origargv);/* try again */
4152 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setuid (suidperl cannot exec perl)\n");
4153 # endif /* IAMSUID */
4155 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(fdscript);
4156 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(suidscript);
4157 if (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid) { /* (suidperl doesn't exist, in fact) */
4158 # ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
4159 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(rsfp);
4161 PerlLIO_fstat(PerlIO_fileno(rsfp),&PL_statbuf); /* may be either wrapped or real suid */
4162 if ((PL_euid != PL_uid && PL_euid == PL_statbuf.st_uid && PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID)
4164 (PL_egid != PL_gid && PL_egid == PL_statbuf.st_gid && PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISGID)
4167 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "YOU HAVEN'T DISABLED SET-ID SCRIPTS IN THE KERNEL YET!\n\
4168 FIX YOUR KERNEL, PUT A C WRAPPER AROUND THIS SCRIPT, OR USE -u AND UNDUMP!\n");
4169 # endif /* SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW */
4170 /* not set-id, must be wrapped */
4173 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(validarg);
4174 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(scriptname);
4175 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(linestr_sv);
4179 S_find_beginning(pTHX_ SV* linestr_sv, PerlIO *rsfp)
4183 register const char *s2;
4184 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4188 /* skip forward in input to the real script? */
4190 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4191 /* Since the Mac OS does not honor #! arguments for us, we do it ourselves */
4193 while (PL_doextract || gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
4194 if ((s = sv_gets(linestr_sv, rsfp, 0)) == NULL) {
4195 if (!gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract)
4196 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No Perl script found in input\n");
4198 if (PL_doextract) /* require explicit override ? */
4199 if (!OverrideExtract(PL_origfilename))
4200 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "User aborted script\n");
4202 PL_doextract = FALSE;
4204 /* Pater peccavi, file does not have #! */
4205 PerlIO_rewind(rsfp);
4210 while (PL_doextract) {
4211 if ((s = sv_gets(linestr_sv, rsfp, 0)) == NULL)
4212 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No Perl script found in input\n");
4215 if (*s == '#' && s[1] == '!' && ((s = instr(s,"perl")) || (s = instr(s2,"PERL")))) {
4216 PerlIO_ungetc(rsfp, '\n'); /* to keep line count right */
4217 PL_doextract = FALSE;
4218 while (*s && !(isSPACE (*s) || *s == '#')) s++;
4220 while (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t') s++;
4222 while (isDIGIT(s2[-1]) || s2[-1] == '-' || s2[-1] == '.'
4223 || s2[-1] == '_') s2--;
4224 if (strnEQ(s2-4,"perl",4))
4225 while ((s = moreswitches(s)))
4228 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4229 /* We are always searching for the #!perl line in MacPerl,
4230 * so if we find it, still keep the line count correct
4231 * by counting lines we already skipped over
4233 for (; maclines > 0 ; maclines--)
4234 PerlIO_ungetc(rsfp, '\n');
4238 /* gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract is false in MPW tool */
4239 } else if (gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
4251 PL_uid = PerlProc_getuid();
4252 PL_euid = PerlProc_geteuid();
4253 PL_gid = PerlProc_getgid();
4254 PL_egid = PerlProc_getegid();
4256 PL_uid |= PL_gid << 16;
4257 PL_euid |= PL_egid << 16;
4259 /* Should not happen: */
4260 CHECK_MALLOC_TAINT(PL_uid && (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid));
4261 PL_tainting |= (PL_uid && (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid));
4264 * Should go by suidscript, not uid!=euid: why disallow
4265 * system("ls") in scripts run from setuid things?
4266 * Or, is this run before we check arguments and set suidscript?
4267 * What about SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW: could we use fdscript then?
4268 * (We never have suidscript, can we be sure to have fdscript?)
4269 * Or must then go by UID checks? See comments in forbid_setid also.
4273 /* This is used very early in the lifetime of the program,
4274 * before even the options are parsed, so PL_tainting has
4275 * not been initialized properly. */
4277 Perl_doing_taint(int argc, char *argv[], char *envp[])
4279 #ifndef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
4280 /* If we have PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS we can't call getuid() et alia
4281 * before we have an interpreter-- and the whole point of this
4282 * function is to be called at such an early stage. If you are on
4283 * a system with PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS but you do have a concept of
4284 * "tainted because running with altered effective ids', you'll
4285 * have to add your own checks somewhere in here. The two most
4286 * known samples of 'implicitness' are Win32 and NetWare, neither
4287 * of which has much of concept of 'uids'. */
4288 int uid = PerlProc_getuid();
4289 int euid = PerlProc_geteuid();
4290 int gid = PerlProc_getgid();
4291 int egid = PerlProc_getegid();
4298 if (uid && (euid != uid || egid != gid))
4300 #endif /* !PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS */
4301 /* This is a really primitive check; environment gets ignored only
4302 * if -T are the first chars together; otherwise one gets
4303 * "Too late" message. */
4304 if ( argc > 1 && argv[1][0] == '-'
4305 && (argv[1][1] == 't' || argv[1][1] == 'T') )
4310 /* Passing the flag as a single char rather than a string is a slight space
4311 optimisation. The only message that isn't /^-.$/ is
4312 "program input from stdin", which is substituted in place of '\0', which
4313 could never be a command line flag. */
4315 S_forbid_setid(pTHX_ const char flag, const int suidscript)
4318 char string[3] = "-x";
4319 const char *message = "program input from stdin";
4326 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
4327 if (PL_euid != PL_uid)
4328 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed while running setuid", message);
4329 if (PL_egid != PL_gid)
4330 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed while running setgid", message);
4331 #endif /* SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW */
4333 * Checks for UID/GID above "wrong": why disallow
4334 * perl -e 'print "Hello\n"'
4335 * from within setuid things?? Simply drop them: replaced by
4336 * fdscript/suidscript and #ifdef IAMSUID checks below.
4338 * This may be too late for command-line switches. Will catch those on
4339 * the #! line, after finding the script name and setting up
4340 * fdscript/suidscript. Note that suidperl does not get around to
4341 * parsing (and checking) the switches on the #! line, but checks that
4342 * the two sets are identical.
4344 * With SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW, could we use fdscript, also or
4345 * instead, or would that be "too late"? (We never have suidscript, can
4346 * we be sure to have fdscript?)
4348 * Catch things with suidscript (in descendant of suidperl), even with
4349 * right UID/GID. Was already checked in suidperl, with #ifdef IAMSUID,
4350 * below; but I am paranoid.
4352 * Also see comments about root running a setuid script, elsewhere.
4354 if (suidscript >= 0)
4355 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed with (suid) fdscript", message);
4357 /* PSz 11 Nov 03 Catch it in suidperl, always! */
4358 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed in suidperl", message);
4359 #endif /* IAMSUID */
4363 Perl_init_debugger(pTHX)
4366 HV * const ostash = PL_curstash;
4368 PL_curstash = PL_debstash;
4369 PL_dbargs = GvAV(gv_AVadd((gv_fetchpvs("DB::args", GV_ADDMULTI,
4371 AvREAL_off(PL_dbargs);
4372 PL_DBgv = gv_fetchpvs("DB::DB", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVGV);
4373 PL_DBline = gv_fetchpvs("DB::dbline", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVAV);
4374 PL_DBsub = gv_HVadd(gv_fetchpvs("DB::sub", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
4375 PL_DBsingle = GvSV((gv_fetchpvs("DB::single", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
4376 sv_setiv(PL_DBsingle, 0);
4377 PL_DBtrace = GvSV((gv_fetchpvs("DB::trace", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
4378 sv_setiv(PL_DBtrace, 0);
4379 PL_DBsignal = GvSV((gv_fetchpvs("DB::signal", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
4380 sv_setiv(PL_DBsignal, 0);
4381 PL_curstash = ostash;
4384 #ifndef STRESS_REALLOC
4385 #define REASONABLE(size) (size)
4387 #define REASONABLE(size) (1) /* unreasonable */
4391 Perl_init_stacks(pTHX)
4394 /* start with 128-item stack and 8K cxstack */
4395 PL_curstackinfo = new_stackinfo(REASONABLE(128),
4396 REASONABLE(8192/sizeof(PERL_CONTEXT) - 1));
4397 PL_curstackinfo->si_type = PERLSI_MAIN;
4398 PL_curstack = PL_curstackinfo->si_stack;
4399 PL_mainstack = PL_curstack; /* remember in case we switch stacks */
4401 PL_stack_base = AvARRAY(PL_curstack);
4402 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base;
4403 PL_stack_max = PL_stack_base + AvMAX(PL_curstack);
4405 Newx(PL_tmps_stack,REASONABLE(128),SV*);
4408 PL_tmps_max = REASONABLE(128);
4410 Newx(PL_markstack,REASONABLE(32),I32);
4411 PL_markstack_ptr = PL_markstack;
4412 PL_markstack_max = PL_markstack + REASONABLE(32);
4416 Newx(PL_scopestack,REASONABLE(32),I32);
4417 PL_scopestack_ix = 0;
4418 PL_scopestack_max = REASONABLE(32);
4420 Newx(PL_savestack,REASONABLE(128),ANY);
4421 PL_savestack_ix = 0;
4422 PL_savestack_max = REASONABLE(128);
4431 while (PL_curstackinfo->si_next)
4432 PL_curstackinfo = PL_curstackinfo->si_next;
4433 while (PL_curstackinfo) {
4434 PERL_SI *p = PL_curstackinfo->si_prev;
4435 /* curstackinfo->si_stack got nuked by sv_free_arenas() */
4436 Safefree(PL_curstackinfo->si_cxstack);
4437 Safefree(PL_curstackinfo);
4438 PL_curstackinfo = p;
4440 Safefree(PL_tmps_stack);
4441 Safefree(PL_markstack);
4442 Safefree(PL_scopestack);
4443 Safefree(PL_savestack);
4448 S_init_predump_symbols(pTHX)
4454 sv_setpvn(get_sv("\"", TRUE), " ", 1);
4455 PL_stdingv = gv_fetchpvs("STDIN", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVIO);
4456 GvMULTI_on(PL_stdingv);
4457 io = GvIOp(PL_stdingv);
4458 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_RDONLY;
4459 IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stdin();
4460 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvs("stdin", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV);
4462 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc_simple(io);
4464 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvs("STDOUT", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVIO);
4467 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_WRONLY;
4468 IoOFP(io) = IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stdout();
4470 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvs("stdout", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV);
4472 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc_simple(io);
4474 PL_stderrgv = gv_fetchpvs("STDERR", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVIO);
4475 GvMULTI_on(PL_stderrgv);
4476 io = GvIOp(PL_stderrgv);
4477 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_WRONLY;
4478 IoOFP(io) = IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stderr();
4479 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvs("stderr", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV);
4481 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc_simple(io);
4483 PL_statname = newSV(0); /* last filename we did stat on */
4485 Safefree(PL_osname);
4486 PL_osname = savepv(OSNAME);
4490 Perl_init_argv_symbols(pTHX_ register int argc, register char **argv)
4493 argc--,argv++; /* skip name of script */
4494 if (PL_doswitches) {
4495 for (; argc > 0 && **argv == '-'; argc--,argv++) {
4499 if (argv[0][1] == '-' && !argv[0][2]) {
4503 if ((s = strchr(argv[0], '='))) {
4504 const char *const start_name = argv[0] + 1;
4505 sv_setpv(GvSV(gv_fetchpvn_flags(start_name, s - start_name,
4506 TRUE, SVt_PV)), s + 1);
4509 sv_setiv(GvSV(gv_fetchpv(argv[0]+1, GV_ADD, SVt_PV)),1);
4512 if ((PL_argvgv = gv_fetchpvs("ARGV", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVAV))) {
4513 GvMULTI_on(PL_argvgv);
4514 (void)gv_AVadd(PL_argvgv);
4515 av_clear(GvAVn(PL_argvgv));
4516 for (; argc > 0; argc--,argv++) {
4517 SV * const sv = newSVpv(argv[0],0);
4518 av_push(GvAVn(PL_argvgv),sv);
4519 if (!(PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_LOCALE_FLAG) || PL_utf8locale) {
4520 if (PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_ARGV_FLAG)
4523 if (PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_WIDESYSCALLS_FLAG) /* Sarathy? */
4524 (void)sv_utf8_decode(sv);
4530 S_init_postdump_symbols(pTHX_ register int argc, register char **argv, register char **env)
4535 PL_toptarget = newSV_type(SVt_PVFM);
4536 sv_setpvn(PL_toptarget, "", 0);
4537 PL_bodytarget = newSV_type(SVt_PVFM);
4538 sv_setpvn(PL_bodytarget, "", 0);
4539 PL_formtarget = PL_bodytarget;
4543 init_argv_symbols(argc,argv);
4545 if ((tmpgv = gv_fetchpvs("0", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV))) {
4546 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4547 /* $0 is not majick on a Mac */
4548 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv),MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
4550 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv),PL_origfilename);
4551 magicname("0", "0", 1);
4554 if ((PL_envgv = gv_fetchpvs("ENV", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVHV))) {
4556 bool env_is_not_environ;
4557 GvMULTI_on(PL_envgv);
4558 hv = GvHVn(PL_envgv);
4559 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_env);
4561 #ifdef USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY
4562 /* Note that if the supplied env parameter is actually a copy
4563 of the global environ then it may now point to free'd memory
4564 if the environment has been modified since. To avoid this
4565 problem we treat env==NULL as meaning 'use the default'
4569 env_is_not_environ = env != environ;
4570 if (env_is_not_environ
4571 # ifdef USE_ITHREADS
4572 && PL_curinterp == aTHX
4581 for (; *env; env++) {
4582 if (!(s = strchr(*env,'=')) || s == *env)
4584 #if defined(MSDOS) && !defined(DJGPP)
4589 sv = newSVpv(s+1, 0);
4590 (void)hv_store(hv, *env, s - *env, sv, 0);
4591 if (env_is_not_environ)
4595 #endif /* USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY */
4596 #endif /* !PERL_MICRO */
4599 if ((tmpgv = gv_fetchpvs("$", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV))) {
4600 SvREADONLY_off(GvSV(tmpgv));
4601 sv_setiv(GvSV(tmpgv), (IV)PerlProc_getpid());
4602 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(tmpgv));
4604 #ifdef THREADS_HAVE_PIDS
4605 PL_ppid = (IV)getppid();
4608 /* touch @F array to prevent spurious warnings 20020415 MJD */
4610 (void) get_av("main::F", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4615 S_init_perllib(pTHX)
4621 s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL5LIB");
4623 * It isn't possible to delete an environment variable with
4624 * PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV set unless unsetenv() is also available, so in that
4625 * case we treat PERL5LIB as undefined if it has a zero-length value.
4627 #if defined(PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV) && ! defined(HAS_UNSETENV)
4628 if (s && *s != '\0')
4632 incpush(s, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE);
4634 incpush(PerlEnv_getenv("PERLLIB"), FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4636 /* Treat PERL5?LIB as a possible search list logical name -- the
4637 * "natural" VMS idiom for a Unix path string. We allow each
4638 * element to be a set of |-separated directories for compatibility.
4642 if (my_trnlnm("PERL5LIB",buf,0))
4643 do { incpush(buf,TRUE,TRUE,TRUE,FALSE); } while (my_trnlnm("PERL5LIB",buf,++idx));
4645 while (my_trnlnm("PERLLIB",buf,idx++)) incpush(buf,FALSE,FALSE,TRUE,FALSE);
4649 /* Use the ~-expanded versions of APPLLIB (undocumented),
4650 ARCHLIB PRIVLIB SITEARCH SITELIB VENDORARCH and VENDORLIB
4653 incpush(APPLLIB_EXP, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4657 incpush(ARCHLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4659 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4662 SV * privdir = newSV(0);
4663 char * macperl = PerlEnv_getenv("MACPERL");
4668 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ privdir, "%slib:", macperl);
4669 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(privdir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 && S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode))
4670 incpush(SvPVX(privdir), TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4671 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ privdir, "%ssite_perl:", macperl);
4672 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(privdir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 && S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode))
4673 incpush(SvPVX(privdir), TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4675 SvREFCNT_dec(privdir);
4678 incpush(":", FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4681 # define PRIVLIB_EXP "/usr/local/lib/perl5:/usr/local/lib/perl"
4684 incpush(PRIVLIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4686 incpush(PRIVLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4690 /* sitearch is always relative to sitelib on Windows for
4691 * DLL-based path intuition to work correctly */
4692 # if !defined(WIN32)
4693 incpush(SITEARCH_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4699 /* this picks up sitearch as well */
4700 incpush(SITELIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4702 incpush(SITELIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4706 #if defined(SITELIB_STEM) && defined(PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST)
4707 /* Search for version-specific dirs below here */
4708 incpush(SITELIB_STEM, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4711 #ifdef PERL_VENDORARCH_EXP
4712 /* vendorarch is always relative to vendorlib on Windows for
4713 * DLL-based path intuition to work correctly */
4714 # if !defined(WIN32)
4715 incpush(PERL_VENDORARCH_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4719 #ifdef PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP
4721 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE); /* this picks up vendorarch as well */
4723 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4727 #ifdef PERL_VENDORLIB_STEM /* Search for version-specific dirs below here */
4728 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_STEM, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4731 #ifdef PERL_OTHERLIBDIRS
4732 incpush(PERL_OTHERLIBDIRS, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4736 incpush(".", FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4737 #endif /* MACOS_TRADITIONAL */
4740 #if defined(DOSISH) || defined(EPOC) || defined(__SYMBIAN32__)
4741 # define PERLLIB_SEP ';'
4744 # define PERLLIB_SEP '|'
4746 # if defined(MACOS_TRADITIONAL)
4747 # define PERLLIB_SEP ','
4749 # define PERLLIB_SEP ':'
4753 #ifndef PERLLIB_MANGLE
4754 # define PERLLIB_MANGLE(s,n) (s)
4757 /* Push a directory onto @INC if it exists.
4758 Generate a new SV if we do this, to save needing to copy the SV we push
4761 S_incpush_if_exists(pTHX_ SV *dir)
4765 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX_const(dir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 &&
4766 S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode)) {
4767 av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), dir);
4774 S_incpush(pTHX_ const char *dir, bool addsubdirs, bool addoldvers, bool usesep,
4779 const char *p = dir;
4784 if (addsubdirs || addoldvers) {
4788 /* Break at all separators */
4790 SV *libdir = newSV(0);
4793 /* skip any consecutive separators */
4795 while ( *p == PERLLIB_SEP ) {
4796 /* Uncomment the next line for PATH semantics */
4797 /* av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), newSVpvs(".")); */
4802 if ( usesep && (s = strchr(p, PERLLIB_SEP)) != NULL ) {
4803 sv_setpvn(libdir, PERLLIB_MANGLE(p, (STRLEN)(s - p)),
4808 sv_setpv(libdir, PERLLIB_MANGLE(p, 0));
4809 p = NULL; /* break out */
4811 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4812 if (!strchr(SvPVX(libdir), ':')) {
4815 sv_setpv(libdir, MacPerl_CanonDir(SvPVX(libdir), buf, 0));
4817 if (SvPVX(libdir)[SvCUR(libdir)-1] != ':')
4818 sv_catpvs(libdir, ":");
4821 /* Do the if() outside the #ifdef to avoid warnings about an unused
4824 #ifdef PERL_RELOCATABLE_INC
4826 * Relocatable include entries are marked with a leading .../
4829 * 0: Remove that leading ".../"
4830 * 1: Remove trailing executable name (anything after the last '/')
4831 * from the perl path to give a perl prefix
4833 * While the @INC element starts "../" and the prefix ends with a real
4834 * directory (ie not . or ..) chop that real directory off the prefix
4835 * and the leading "../" from the @INC element. ie a logical "../"
4837 * Finally concatenate the prefix and the remainder of the @INC element
4838 * The intent is that /usr/local/bin/perl and .../../lib/perl5
4839 * generates /usr/local/lib/perl5
4841 const char *libpath = SvPVX(libdir);
4842 STRLEN libpath_len = SvCUR(libdir);
4843 if (libpath_len >= 4 && memEQ (libpath, ".../", 4)) {
4845 SV * const caret_X = get_sv("\030", 0);
4846 /* Going to use the SV just as a scratch buffer holding a C
4852 /* $^X is *the* source of taint if tainting is on, hence
4853 SvPOK() won't be true. */
4855 assert(SvPOKp(caret_X));
4856 prefix_sv = newSVpvn_flags(SvPVX(caret_X), SvCUR(caret_X),
4858 /* Firstly take off the leading .../
4859 If all else fail we'll do the paths relative to the current
4861 sv_chop(libdir, libpath + 4);
4862 /* Don't use SvPV as we're intentionally bypassing taining,
4863 mortal copies that the mg_get of tainting creates, and
4864 corruption that seems to come via the save stack.
4865 I guess that the save stack isn't correctly set up yet. */
4866 libpath = SvPVX(libdir);
4867 libpath_len = SvCUR(libdir);
4869 /* This would work more efficiently with memrchr, but as it's
4870 only a GNU extension we'd need to probe for it and
4871 implement our own. Not hard, but maybe not worth it? */
4873 prefix = SvPVX(prefix_sv);
4874 lastslash = strrchr(prefix, '/');
4876 /* First time in with the *lastslash = '\0' we just wipe off
4877 the trailing /perl from (say) /usr/foo/bin/perl
4881 while ((*lastslash = '\0'), /* Do that, come what may. */
4882 (libpath_len >= 3 && memEQ(libpath, "../", 3)
4883 && (lastslash = strrchr(prefix, '/')))) {
4884 if (lastslash[1] == '\0'
4885 || (lastslash[1] == '.'
4886 && (lastslash[2] == '/' /* ends "/." */
4887 || (lastslash[2] == '/'
4888 && lastslash[3] == '/' /* or "/.." */
4890 /* Prefix ends "/" or "/." or "/..", any of which
4891 are fishy, so don't do any more logical cleanup.
4895 /* Remove leading "../" from path */
4898 /* Next iteration round the loop removes the last
4899 directory name from prefix by writing a '\0' in
4900 the while clause. */
4902 /* prefix has been terminated with a '\0' to the correct
4903 length. libpath points somewhere into the libdir SV.
4904 We need to join the 2 with '/' and drop the result into
4906 tempsv = Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "%s/%s", prefix, libpath);
4907 SvREFCNT_dec(libdir);
4908 /* And this is the new libdir. */
4911 (PL_uid != PL_euid || PL_gid != PL_egid)) {
4912 /* Need to taint reloccated paths if running set ID */
4913 SvTAINTED_on(libdir);
4916 SvREFCNT_dec(prefix_sv);
4921 * BEFORE pushing libdir onto @INC we may first push version- and
4922 * archname-specific sub-directories.
4924 if (addsubdirs || addoldvers) {
4925 #ifdef PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST
4926 /* Configure terminates PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST with a NULL */
4927 const char * const incverlist[] = { PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST };
4928 const char * const *incver;
4934 if ((unix = tounixspec_ts(SvPV(libdir,len),NULL)) != NULL) {
4936 while (unix[len-1] == '/') len--; /* Cosmetic */
4937 sv_usepvn(libdir,unix,len);
4940 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log,
4941 "Failed to unixify @INC element \"%s\"\n",
4945 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4946 #define PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT ""
4947 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT "%s:"
4948 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_FS_VER_FMT PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT
4950 #define PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT "/"
4951 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT "/%s"
4952 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT PERL_FS_VER_FMT
4954 /* .../version/archname if -d .../version/archname */
4955 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_ARCH_FMT,
4957 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
4958 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION, ARCHNAME);
4959 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
4961 /* .../version if -d .../version */
4962 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH,
4964 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
4965 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION);
4966 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
4968 /* .../archname if -d .../archname */
4969 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT,
4970 SVfARG(libdir), ARCHNAME);
4971 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
4975 #ifdef PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST
4977 for (incver = incverlist; *incver; incver++) {
4978 /* .../xxx if -d .../xxx */
4979 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT,
4980 SVfARG(libdir), *incver);
4981 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
4987 /* finally push this lib directory on the end of @INC */
4988 av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), libdir);
4991 assert (SvREFCNT(subdir) == 1);
4992 SvREFCNT_dec(subdir);
4998 Perl_call_list(pTHX_ I32 oldscope, AV *paramList)
5002 volatile const line_t oldline = PL_curcop ? CopLINE(PL_curcop) : 0;
5008 while (av_len(paramList) >= 0) {
5009 cv = (CV*)av_shift(paramList);
5011 if (paramList == PL_beginav) {
5012 /* save PL_beginav for compiler */
5013 Perl_av_create_and_push(aTHX_ &PL_beginav_save, (SV*)cv);
5015 else if (paramList == PL_checkav) {
5016 /* save PL_checkav for compiler */
5017 Perl_av_create_and_push(aTHX_ &PL_checkav_save, (SV*)cv);
5019 else if (paramList == PL_unitcheckav) {
5020 /* save PL_unitcheckav for compiler */
5021 Perl_av_create_and_push(aTHX_ &PL_unitcheckav_save, (SV*)cv);
5032 PL_madskills |= 16384;
5037 PL_madskills &= ~16384;
5040 (void)SvPV_const(atsv, len);
5042 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
5043 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
5044 if (paramList == PL_beginav)
5045 sv_catpvs(atsv, "BEGIN failed--compilation aborted");
5047 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ atsv,
5048 "%s failed--call queue aborted",
5049 paramList == PL_checkav ? "CHECK"
5050 : paramList == PL_initav ? "INIT"
5051 : paramList == PL_unitcheckav ? "UNITCHECK"
5053 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
5056 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%"SVf"", SVfARG(atsv));
5063 /* my_exit() was called */
5064 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
5067 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
5068 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
5069 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
5071 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED)) {
5072 if (paramList == PL_beginav)
5073 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "BEGIN failed--compilation aborted");
5075 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s failed--call queue aborted",
5076 paramList == PL_checkav ? "CHECK"
5077 : paramList == PL_initav ? "INIT"
5078 : paramList == PL_unitcheckav ? "UNITCHECK"
5085 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
5086 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
5089 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: restartop\n");
5098 Perl_my_exit(pTHX_ U32 status)
5101 DEBUG_S(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "my_exit: thread %p, status %lu\n",
5102 (void*)thr, (unsigned long) status));
5111 STATUS_EXIT_SET(status);
5118 Perl_my_failure_exit(pTHX)
5122 /* We have been called to fall on our sword. The desired exit code
5123 * should be already set in STATUS_UNIX, but could be shifted over
5124 * by 8 bits. STATUS_UNIX_EXIT_SET will handle the cases where a
5127 * If an error code has not been set, then force the issue.
5129 if (MY_POSIX_EXIT) {
5131 /* In POSIX_EXIT mode follow Perl documentations and use 255 for
5132 * the exit code when there isn't an error.
5135 if (STATUS_UNIX == 0)
5136 STATUS_UNIX_EXIT_SET(255);
5138 STATUS_UNIX_EXIT_SET(STATUS_UNIX);
5140 /* The exit code could have been set by $? or vmsish which
5141 * means that it may not be fatal. So convert
5142 * success/warning codes to fatal.
5144 if ((STATUS_NATIVE & (STS$K_SEVERE|STS$K_ERROR)) == 0)
5145 STATUS_UNIX_EXIT_SET(255);
5149 /* Traditionally Perl on VMS always expects a Fatal Error. */
5150 if (vaxc$errno & 1) {
5152 /* So force success status to failure */
5153 if (STATUS_NATIVE & 1)
5158 STATUS_UNIX = EINTR; /* In case something cares */
5163 STATUS_NATIVE = vaxc$errno; /* Should already be this */
5165 /* Encode the severity code */
5166 severity = STATUS_NATIVE & STS$M_SEVERITY;
5167 STATUS_UNIX = (severity ? severity : 1) << 8;
5169 /* Perl expects this to be a fatal error */
5170 if (severity != STS$K_SEVERE)
5179 STATUS_UNIX_SET(errno);
5181 exitstatus = STATUS_UNIX >> 8;
5182 if (exitstatus & 255)
5183 STATUS_UNIX_SET(exitstatus);
5185 STATUS_UNIX_SET(255);
5192 S_my_exit_jump(pTHX)
5197 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
5201 POPSTACK_TO(PL_mainstack);
5209 read_e_script(pTHX_ int idx, SV *buf_sv, int maxlen)
5212 const char * const p = SvPVX_const(PL_e_script);
5213 const char *nl = strchr(p, '\n');
5215 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(idx);
5216 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(maxlen);
5218 nl = (nl) ? nl+1 : SvEND(PL_e_script);
5220 filter_del(read_e_script);
5223 sv_catpvn(buf_sv, p, nl-p);
5224 sv_chop(PL_e_script, nl);
5230 * c-indentation-style: bsd
5232 * indent-tabs-mode: t
5235 * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 noet: