3 * Copyright (C) 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
4 * 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * "A ship then new they built for him/of mithril and of elven glass" --Bilbo
17 * Be proud that perl(1) may proclaim:
18 * Setuid Perl scripts are safer than C programs ...
19 * Do not abandon (deprecate) suidperl. Do not advocate C wrappers.
21 * The flow was: perl starts, notices script is suid, execs suidperl with same
22 * arguments; suidperl opens script, checks many things, sets itself with
23 * right UID, execs perl with similar arguments but with script pre-opened on
24 * /dev/fd/xxx; perl checks script is as should be and does work. This was
25 * insecure: see perlsec(1) for many problems with this approach.
27 * The "correct" flow should be: perl starts, opens script and notices it is
28 * suid, checks many things, execs suidperl with similar arguments but with
29 * script on /dev/fd/xxx; suidperl checks script and /dev/fd/xxx object are
30 * same, checks arguments match #! line, sets itself with right UID, execs
31 * perl with same arguments; perl checks many things and does work.
33 * (Opening the script in perl instead of suidperl, we "lose" scripts that
34 * are readable to the target UID but not to the invoker. Where did
35 * unreadable scripts work anyway?)
37 * For now, suidperl and perl are pretty much the same large and cumbersome
38 * program, so suidperl can check its argument list (see comments elsewhere).
41 * Original bug report:
42 * http://bugs.perl.org/index.html?req=bug_id&bug_id=20010322.218
43 * http://rt.perl.org/rt2/Ticket/Display.html?id=6511
44 * Comments and discussion with Debian:
45 * http://bugs.debian.org/203426
46 * http://bugs.debian.org/220486
47 * Debian Security Advisory DSA 431-1 (does not fully fix problem):
48 * http://www.debian.org/security/2004/dsa-431
50 * http://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CAN-2003-0618
51 * Previous versions of this patch sent to perl5-porters:
52 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg71953.html
53 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75245.html
54 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75563.html
55 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75635.html
57 Paul Szabo - psz@maths.usyd.edu.au http://www.maths.usyd.edu.au:8000/u/psz/
58 School of Mathematics and Statistics University of Sydney 2006 Australia
62 * Use truthful, neat, specific error messages.
63 * Cannot always hide the truth; security must not depend on doing so.
67 * Use global(?), thread-local fdscript for easier checks.
68 * (I do not understand how we could possibly get a thread race:
69 * do not all threads go through the same initialization? Or in
70 * fact, are not threads started only after we get the script and
71 * so know what to do? Oh well, make things super-safe...)
75 #define PERL_IN_PERL_C
77 #include "patchlevel.h" /* for local_patches */
81 char *nw_get_sitelib(const char *pl);
84 /* XXX If this causes problems, set i_unistd=undef in the hint file. */
101 #if !defined(STANDARD_C) && !defined(HAS_GETENV_PROTOTYPE) && !defined(PERL_MICRO)
102 char *getenv (char *); /* Usually in <stdlib.h> */
105 static I32 read_e_script(pTHX_ int idx, SV *buf_sv, int maxlen);
113 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
119 #if defined(USE_ITHREADS)
120 # define INIT_TLS_AND_INTERP \
122 if (!PL_curinterp) { \
123 PERL_SET_INTERP(my_perl); \
126 PERL_SET_THX(my_perl); \
128 MUTEX_INIT(&PL_dollarzero_mutex); \
131 PERL_SET_THX(my_perl); \
135 # define INIT_TLS_AND_INTERP \
137 if (!PL_curinterp) { \
138 PERL_SET_INTERP(my_perl); \
140 PERL_SET_THX(my_perl); \
144 #ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
146 perl_alloc_using(struct IPerlMem* ipM, struct IPerlMem* ipMS,
147 struct IPerlMem* ipMP, struct IPerlEnv* ipE,
148 struct IPerlStdIO* ipStd, struct IPerlLIO* ipLIO,
149 struct IPerlDir* ipD, struct IPerlSock* ipS,
150 struct IPerlProc* ipP)
152 PerlInterpreter *my_perl;
153 /* New() needs interpreter, so call malloc() instead */
154 my_perl = (PerlInterpreter*)(*ipM->pMalloc)(ipM, sizeof(PerlInterpreter));
156 Zero(my_perl, 1, PerlInterpreter);
172 =head1 Embedding Functions
174 =for apidoc perl_alloc
176 Allocates a new Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
184 PerlInterpreter *my_perl;
185 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
189 /* New() needs interpreter, so call malloc() instead */
190 my_perl = (PerlInterpreter*)PerlMem_malloc(sizeof(PerlInterpreter));
193 return ZeroD(my_perl, 1, PerlInterpreter);
195 #endif /* PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS */
198 =for apidoc perl_construct
200 Initializes a new Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
206 perl_construct(pTHXx)
210 PL_perl_destruct_level = 1;
212 if (PL_perl_destruct_level > 0)
215 /* Init the real globals (and main thread)? */
217 #ifdef PERL_FLEXIBLE_EXCEPTIONS
218 PL_protect = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_default_protect); /* for exceptions */
221 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling; /* needed by ckWARN, right away */
223 PL_linestr = NEWSV(65,79);
224 sv_upgrade(PL_linestr,SVt_PVIV);
226 if (!SvREADONLY(&PL_sv_undef)) {
227 /* set read-only and try to insure than we wont see REFCNT==0
230 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_undef);
231 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_undef) = (~(U32)0)/2;
233 sv_setpv(&PL_sv_no,PL_No);
235 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_no);
236 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_no) = (~(U32)0)/2;
238 sv_setpv(&PL_sv_yes,PL_Yes);
240 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_yes);
241 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_yes) = (~(U32)0)/2;
243 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_placeholder);
244 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_placeholder) = (~(U32)0)/2;
247 PL_sighandlerp = Perl_sighandler;
248 PL_pidstatus = newHV();
251 PL_rs = newSVpvn("\n", 1);
256 PL_lex_state = LEX_NOTPARSING;
262 SET_NUMERIC_STANDARD();
266 PL_patchlevel = NEWSV(0,4);
267 (void)SvUPGRADE(PL_patchlevel, SVt_PVNV);
268 if (PERL_REVISION > 127 || PERL_VERSION > 127 || PERL_SUBVERSION > 127)
269 SvGROW(PL_patchlevel, UTF8_MAXLEN*3+1);
270 s = (U8*)SvPVX(PL_patchlevel);
271 /* Build version strings using "native" characters */
272 s = uvchr_to_utf8(s, (UV)PERL_REVISION);
273 s = uvchr_to_utf8(s, (UV)PERL_VERSION);
274 s = uvchr_to_utf8(s, (UV)PERL_SUBVERSION);
276 SvCUR_set(PL_patchlevel, s - (U8*)SvPVX(PL_patchlevel));
277 SvPOK_on(PL_patchlevel);
278 SvNVX(PL_patchlevel) = (NV)PERL_REVISION +
279 ((NV)PERL_VERSION / (NV)1000) +
280 ((NV)PERL_SUBVERSION / (NV)1000000);
281 SvNOK_on(PL_patchlevel); /* dual valued */
282 SvUTF8_on(PL_patchlevel);
283 SvREADONLY_on(PL_patchlevel);
286 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
287 PL_localpatches = local_patches; /* For possible -v */
290 #ifdef HAVE_INTERP_INTERN
294 PerlIO_init(aTHX); /* Hook to IO system */
296 PL_fdpid = newAV(); /* for remembering popen pids by fd */
297 PL_modglobal = newHV(); /* pointers to per-interpreter module globals */
298 PL_errors = newSVpvn("",0);
299 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(0), "", 0); /* For regex debugging. */
300 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(1), "", 0); /* ext/re needs these */
301 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(2), "", 0); /* even without DEBUGGING. */
303 PL_regex_padav = newAV();
304 av_push(PL_regex_padav,(SV*)newAV()); /* First entry is an array of empty elements */
305 PL_regex_pad = AvARRAY(PL_regex_padav);
307 #ifdef USE_REENTRANT_API
308 Perl_reentrant_init(aTHX);
311 /* Note that strtab is a rather special HV. Assumptions are made
312 about not iterating on it, and not adding tie magic to it.
313 It is properly deallocated in perl_destruct() */
316 HvSHAREKEYS_off(PL_strtab); /* mandatory */
317 hv_ksplit(PL_strtab, 512);
319 #if defined(__DYNAMIC__) && (defined(NeXT) || defined(__NeXT__))
320 _dyld_lookup_and_bind
321 ("__environ", (unsigned long *) &environ_pointer, NULL);
325 # ifdef USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY
326 PL_origenviron = environ;
330 /* Use sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK) if available, if not
331 * available or if the sysconf() fails, use the HZ. */
332 #if defined(HAS_SYSCONF) && defined(_SC_CLK_TCK)
333 PL_clocktick = sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK);
334 if (PL_clocktick <= 0)
338 PL_stashcache = newHV();
344 =for apidoc nothreadhook
346 Stub that provides thread hook for perl_destruct when there are
353 Perl_nothreadhook(pTHX)
359 =for apidoc perl_destruct
361 Shuts down a Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
369 volatile int destruct_level; /* 0=none, 1=full, 2=full with checks */
371 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
373 #endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
375 /* wait for all pseudo-forked children to finish */
376 PERL_WAIT_FOR_CHILDREN;
378 destruct_level = PL_perl_destruct_level;
382 if ((s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL"))) {
384 if (destruct_level < i)
391 if(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_DESTRUCT_END) {
396 if (PL_endav && !PL_minus_c)
397 call_list(PL_scopestack_ix, PL_endav);
403 /* Need to flush since END blocks can produce output */
406 if (CALL_FPTR(PL_threadhook)(aTHX)) {
407 /* Threads hook has vetoed further cleanup */
408 return STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
411 /* We must account for everything. */
413 /* Destroy the main CV and syntax tree */
415 /* ensure comppad/curpad to refer to main's pad */
416 if (CvPADLIST(PL_main_cv)) {
417 PAD_SET_CUR_NOSAVE(CvPADLIST(PL_main_cv), 1);
419 op_free(PL_main_root);
420 PL_main_root = Nullop;
422 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
423 PL_main_start = Nullop;
424 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_main_cv);
428 /* Tell PerlIO we are about to tear things apart in case
429 we have layers which are using resources that should
433 PerlIO_destruct(aTHX);
435 if (PL_sv_objcount) {
437 * Try to destruct global references. We do this first so that the
438 * destructors and destructees still exist. Some sv's might remain.
439 * Non-referenced objects are on their own.
445 /* unhook hooks which will soon be, or use, destroyed data */
446 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_warnhook);
447 PL_warnhook = Nullsv;
448 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_diehook);
451 /* call exit list functions */
452 while (PL_exitlistlen-- > 0)
453 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].fn(aTHX_ PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].ptr);
455 Safefree(PL_exitlist);
460 if (destruct_level == 0){
462 DEBUG_P(debprofdump());
464 #if defined(PERLIO_LAYERS)
465 /* No more IO - including error messages ! */
466 PerlIO_cleanup(aTHX);
469 /* The exit() function will do everything that needs doing. */
470 return STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
473 /* jettison our possibly duplicated environment */
474 /* if PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV is defined environ will not have been copied
475 * so we certainly shouldn't free it here
478 #if defined(USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY) && !defined(PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV)
479 if (environ != PL_origenviron
481 /* only main thread can free environ[0] contents */
482 && PL_curinterp == aTHX
488 for (i = 0; environ[i]; i++)
489 safesysfree(environ[i]);
491 /* Must use safesysfree() when working with environ. */
492 safesysfree(environ);
494 environ = PL_origenviron;
497 #endif /* !PERL_MICRO */
500 /* the syntax tree is shared between clones
501 * so op_free(PL_main_root) only ReREFCNT_dec's
502 * REGEXPs in the parent interpreter
503 * we need to manually ReREFCNT_dec for the clones
506 I32 i = AvFILLp(PL_regex_padav) + 1;
507 SV **ary = AvARRAY(PL_regex_padav);
511 REGEXP *re = INT2PTR(REGEXP *,SvIVX(resv));
513 if (SvFLAGS(resv) & SVf_BREAK) {
514 /* this is PL_reg_curpm, already freed
515 * flag is set in regexec.c:S_regtry
517 SvFLAGS(resv) &= ~SVf_BREAK;
519 else if(SvREPADTMP(resv)) {
520 SvREPADTMP_off(resv);
527 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_regex_padav);
528 PL_regex_padav = Nullav;
532 SvREFCNT_dec((SV*) PL_stashcache);
533 PL_stashcache = NULL;
535 /* loosen bonds of global variables */
538 (void)PerlIO_close(PL_rsfp);
542 /* Filters for program text */
543 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rsfp_filters);
544 PL_rsfp_filters = Nullav;
547 PL_preprocess = FALSE;
553 PL_doswitches = FALSE;
554 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_OFF;
555 PL_doextract = FALSE;
556 PL_sawampersand = FALSE; /* must save all match strings */
559 Safefree(PL_inplace);
561 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_patchlevel);
564 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
565 PL_e_script = Nullsv;
570 /* magical thingies */
572 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ofs_sv); /* $, */
575 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ors_sv); /* $\ */
578 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rs); /* $/ */
581 PL_multiline = 0; /* $* */
582 Safefree(PL_osname); /* $^O */
585 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_statname);
586 PL_statname = Nullsv;
589 /* defgv, aka *_ should be taken care of elsewhere */
591 /* clean up after study() */
592 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_lastscream);
593 PL_lastscream = Nullsv;
594 Safefree(PL_screamfirst);
596 Safefree(PL_screamnext);
600 Safefree(PL_efloatbuf);
601 PL_efloatbuf = Nullch;
604 /* startup and shutdown function lists */
605 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_beginav);
606 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_beginav_save);
607 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_endav);
608 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_checkav);
609 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_checkav_save);
610 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_initav);
612 PL_beginav_save = Nullav;
615 PL_checkav_save = Nullav;
618 /* shortcuts just get cleared */
624 PL_argvoutgv = Nullgv;
626 PL_stderrgv = Nullgv;
627 PL_last_in_gv = Nullgv;
632 PL_DBsingle = Nullsv;
634 PL_DBsignal = Nullsv;
635 PL_DBassertion = Nullsv;
638 PL_debstash = Nullhv;
640 /* reset so print() ends up where we expect */
643 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_argvout_stack);
644 PL_argvout_stack = Nullav;
646 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_modglobal);
647 PL_modglobal = Nullhv;
648 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_preambleav);
649 PL_preambleav = Nullav;
650 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_subname);
652 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_linestr);
654 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_pidstatus);
655 PL_pidstatus = Nullhv;
656 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_toptarget);
657 PL_toptarget = Nullsv;
658 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_bodytarget);
659 PL_bodytarget = Nullsv;
660 PL_formtarget = Nullsv;
662 /* free locale stuff */
663 #ifdef USE_LOCALE_COLLATE
664 Safefree(PL_collation_name);
665 PL_collation_name = Nullch;
668 #ifdef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC
669 Safefree(PL_numeric_name);
670 PL_numeric_name = Nullch;
671 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_numeric_radix_sv);
672 PL_numeric_radix_sv = Nullsv;
675 /* clear utf8 character classes */
676 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alnum);
677 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alnumc);
678 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_ascii);
679 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alpha);
680 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_space);
681 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_cntrl);
682 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_graph);
683 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_digit);
684 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_upper);
685 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_lower);
686 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_print);
687 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_punct);
688 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_xdigit);
689 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_mark);
690 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_toupper);
691 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_totitle);
692 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_tolower);
693 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_tofold);
694 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_idstart);
695 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_idcont);
696 PL_utf8_alnum = Nullsv;
697 PL_utf8_alnumc = Nullsv;
698 PL_utf8_ascii = Nullsv;
699 PL_utf8_alpha = Nullsv;
700 PL_utf8_space = Nullsv;
701 PL_utf8_cntrl = Nullsv;
702 PL_utf8_graph = Nullsv;
703 PL_utf8_digit = Nullsv;
704 PL_utf8_upper = Nullsv;
705 PL_utf8_lower = Nullsv;
706 PL_utf8_print = Nullsv;
707 PL_utf8_punct = Nullsv;
708 PL_utf8_xdigit = Nullsv;
709 PL_utf8_mark = Nullsv;
710 PL_utf8_toupper = Nullsv;
711 PL_utf8_totitle = Nullsv;
712 PL_utf8_tolower = Nullsv;
713 PL_utf8_tofold = Nullsv;
714 PL_utf8_idstart = Nullsv;
715 PL_utf8_idcont = Nullsv;
717 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
718 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
719 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = Nullsv;
720 if (!specialCopIO(PL_compiling.cop_io))
721 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_io);
722 PL_compiling.cop_io = Nullsv;
723 CopFILE_free(&PL_compiling);
724 CopSTASH_free(&PL_compiling);
726 /* Prepare to destruct main symbol table. */
731 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_curstname);
732 PL_curstname = Nullsv;
734 /* clear queued errors */
735 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_errors);
739 if (destruct_level >= 2 && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL)) {
740 if (PL_scopestack_ix != 0)
741 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
742 "Unbalanced scopes: %ld more ENTERs than LEAVEs\n",
743 (long)PL_scopestack_ix);
744 if (PL_savestack_ix != 0)
745 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
746 "Unbalanced saves: %ld more saves than restores\n",
747 (long)PL_savestack_ix);
748 if (PL_tmps_floor != -1)
749 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Unbalanced tmps: %ld more allocs than frees\n",
750 (long)PL_tmps_floor + 1);
751 if (cxstack_ix != -1)
752 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Unbalanced context: %ld more PUSHes than POPs\n",
753 (long)cxstack_ix + 1);
756 /* Now absolutely destruct everything, somehow or other, loops or no. */
757 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) |= SVTYPEMASK; /* don't clean out pid table now */
758 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) |= SVTYPEMASK; /* don't clean out strtab now */
760 /* the 2 is for PL_fdpid and PL_strtab */
761 while (PL_sv_count > 2 && sv_clean_all())
764 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) &= ~SVTYPEMASK;
765 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) |= SVt_PVAV;
766 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) &= ~SVTYPEMASK;
767 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) |= SVt_PVHV;
769 AvREAL_off(PL_fdpid); /* no surviving entries */
770 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_fdpid); /* needed in io_close() */
773 #ifdef HAVE_INTERP_INTERN
777 /* Destruct the global string table. */
779 /* Yell and reset the HeVAL() slots that are still holding refcounts,
780 * so that sv_free() won't fail on them.
788 max = HvMAX(PL_strtab);
789 array = HvARRAY(PL_strtab);
792 if (hent && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL)) {
793 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
794 "Unbalanced string table refcount: (%d) for \"%s\"",
795 HeVAL(hent) - Nullsv, HeKEY(hent));
796 HeVAL(hent) = Nullsv;
806 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_strtab);
809 /* free the pointer table used for cloning */
810 ptr_table_free(PL_ptr_table);
811 PL_ptr_table = (PTR_TBL_t*)NULL;
814 /* free special SVs */
816 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_yes) = 0;
817 sv_clear(&PL_sv_yes);
818 SvANY(&PL_sv_yes) = NULL;
819 SvFLAGS(&PL_sv_yes) = 0;
821 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_no) = 0;
823 SvANY(&PL_sv_no) = NULL;
824 SvFLAGS(&PL_sv_no) = 0;
828 for (i=0; i<=2; i++) {
829 SvREFCNT(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = 0;
830 sv_clear(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i));
831 SvANY(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = NULL;
832 SvFLAGS(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = 0;
836 if (PL_sv_count != 0 && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
837 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Scalars leaked: %ld\n", (long)PL_sv_count);
839 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS
840 if (PL_sv_count != 0) {
845 for (sva = PL_sv_arenaroot; sva; sva = (SV*)SvANY(sva)) {
846 svend = &sva[SvREFCNT(sva)];
847 for (sv = sva + 1; sv < svend; ++sv) {
848 if (SvTYPE(sv) != SVTYPEMASK) {
849 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "leaked: 0x%p"
860 #if defined(PERLIO_LAYERS)
861 /* No more IO - including error messages ! */
862 PerlIO_cleanup(aTHX);
865 /* sv_undef needs to stay immortal until after PerlIO_cleanup
866 as currently layers use it rather than Nullsv as a marker
867 for no arg - and will try and SvREFCNT_dec it.
869 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_undef) = 0;
870 SvREADONLY_off(&PL_sv_undef);
872 Safefree(PL_origfilename);
873 PL_origfilename = Nullch;
874 Safefree(PL_reg_start_tmp);
875 PL_reg_start_tmp = (char**)NULL;
876 PL_reg_start_tmpl = 0;
878 Safefree(PL_reg_curpm);
879 Safefree(PL_reg_poscache);
881 Safefree(PL_op_mask);
882 Safefree(PL_psig_ptr);
883 PL_psig_ptr = (SV**)NULL;
884 Safefree(PL_psig_name);
885 PL_psig_name = (SV**)NULL;
886 Safefree(PL_bitcount);
887 PL_bitcount = Nullch;
888 Safefree(PL_psig_pend);
889 PL_psig_pend = (int*)NULL;
890 PL_formfeed = Nullsv;
895 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
896 PL_hints = 0; /* Reset hints. Should hints be per-interpreter ? */
899 DEBUG_P(debprofdump());
901 #ifdef USE_REENTRANT_API
902 Perl_reentrant_free(aTHX);
907 /* As the absolutely last thing, free the non-arena SV for mess() */
910 /* it could have accumulated taint magic */
911 if (SvTYPE(PL_mess_sv) >= SVt_PVMG) {
914 for (mg = SvMAGIC(PL_mess_sv); mg; mg = moremagic) {
915 moremagic = mg->mg_moremagic;
916 if (mg->mg_ptr && mg->mg_type != PERL_MAGIC_regex_global
918 Safefree(mg->mg_ptr);
922 /* we know that type >= SVt_PV */
923 (void)SvOOK_off(PL_mess_sv);
924 Safefree(SvPVX(PL_mess_sv));
925 Safefree(SvANY(PL_mess_sv));
926 Safefree(PL_mess_sv);
929 return STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
933 =for apidoc perl_free
935 Releases a Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
943 #if defined(WIN32) || defined(NETWARE)
944 # if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS)
946 void *host = nw_internal_host;
948 void *host = w32_internal_host;
952 nw_delete_internal_host(host);
954 win32_delete_internal_host(host);
965 Perl_call_atexit(pTHX_ ATEXIT_t fn, void *ptr)
967 Renew(PL_exitlist, PL_exitlistlen+1, PerlExitListEntry);
968 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].fn = fn;
969 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].ptr = ptr;
974 =for apidoc perl_parse
976 Tells a Perl interpreter to parse a Perl script. See L<perlembed>.
982 perl_parse(pTHXx_ XSINIT_t xsinit, int argc, char **argv, char **env)
987 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
991 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
994 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "suidperl is no longer needed since the kernel can now execute\n\
995 setuid perl scripts securely.\n");
999 #if defined(USE_HASH_SEED) || defined(USE_HASH_SEED_EXPLICIT)
1000 /* [perl #22371] Algorimic Complexity Attack on Perl 5.6.1, 5.8.0
1001 * This MUST be done before any hash stores or fetches take place.
1002 * If you set PL_rehash_seed (and assumedly also PL_rehash_seed_set)
1003 * yourself, it is your responsibility to provide a good random seed!
1004 * You can also define PERL_HASH_SEED in compile time, see hv.h. */
1005 if (!PL_rehash_seed_set)
1006 PL_rehash_seed = get_hash_seed();
1008 char *s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_HASH_SEED_DEBUG");
1014 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "HASH_SEED = %"UVuf"\n",
1018 #endif /* #if defined(USE_HASH_SEED) || defined(USE_HASH_SEED_EXPLICIT) */
1024 /* Set PL_origalen be the sum of the contiguous argv[]
1025 * elements plus the size of the env in case that it is
1026 * contiguous with the argv[]. This is used in mg.c:Perl_magic_set()
1027 * as the maximum modifiable length of $0. In the worst case
1028 * the area we are able to modify is limited to the size of
1029 * the original argv[0]. (See below for 'contiguous', though.)
1034 ~(UV)(PTRSIZE == 4 ? 3 : PTRSIZE == 8 ? 7 : PTRSIZE == 16 ? 15 : 0);
1035 /* Do the mask check only if the args seem like aligned. */
1037 (mask < ~(UV)0) && ((PTR2UV(argv[0]) & mask) == PTR2UV(argv[0]));
1039 /* See if all the arguments are contiguous in memory. Note
1040 * that 'contiguous' is a loose term because some platforms
1041 * align the argv[] and the envp[]. If the arguments look
1042 * like non-aligned, assume that they are 'strictly' or
1043 * 'traditionally' contiguous. If the arguments look like
1044 * aligned, we just check that they are within aligned
1045 * PTRSIZE bytes. As long as no system has something bizarre
1046 * like the argv[] interleaved with some other data, we are
1047 * fine. (Did I just evoke Murphy's Law?) --jhi */
1048 if (PL_origargv && PL_origargc >= 1 && (s = PL_origargv[0])) {
1050 for (i = 1; i < PL_origargc; i++) {
1051 if ((PL_origargv[i] == s + 1
1053 || PL_origargv[i] == s + 2
1058 (PL_origargv[i] > s &&
1060 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1070 /* Can we grab env area too to be used as the area for $0? */
1071 if (PL_origenviron) {
1072 if ((PL_origenviron[0] == s + 1
1074 || (PL_origenviron[0] == s + 9 && (s += 8))
1079 (PL_origenviron[0] > s &&
1080 PL_origenviron[0] <=
1081 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1085 s = PL_origenviron[0];
1088 my_setenv("NoNe SuCh", Nullch);
1089 /* Force copy of environment. */
1090 for (i = 1; PL_origenviron[i]; i++) {
1091 if (PL_origenviron[i] == s + 1
1094 (PL_origenviron[i] > s &&
1095 PL_origenviron[i] <=
1096 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1099 s = PL_origenviron[i];
1107 PL_origalen = s - PL_origargv[0] + 1;
1112 /* Come here if running an undumped a.out. */
1114 PL_origfilename = savepv(argv[0]);
1115 PL_do_undump = FALSE;
1116 cxstack_ix = -1; /* start label stack again */
1118 init_postdump_symbols(argc,argv,env);
1123 op_free(PL_main_root);
1124 PL_main_root = Nullop;
1126 PL_main_start = Nullop;
1127 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_main_cv);
1128 PL_main_cv = Nullcv;
1131 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
1132 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_OFF;
1134 #ifdef PERL_FLEXIBLE_EXCEPTIONS
1135 CALLPROTECT(aTHX_ pcur_env, &ret, MEMBER_TO_FPTR(S_vparse_body), env, xsinit);
1141 #ifndef PERL_FLEXIBLE_EXCEPTIONS
1142 parse_body(env,xsinit);
1145 call_list(oldscope, PL_checkav);
1152 /* my_exit() was called */
1153 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
1156 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
1158 call_list(oldscope, PL_checkav);
1159 ret = STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
1162 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: top_env\n");
1170 #ifdef PERL_FLEXIBLE_EXCEPTIONS
1172 S_vparse_body(pTHX_ va_list args)
1174 char **env = va_arg(args, char**);
1175 XSINIT_t xsinit = va_arg(args, XSINIT_t);
1177 return parse_body(env, xsinit);
1182 S_parse_body(pTHX_ char **env, XSINIT_t xsinit)
1184 int argc = PL_origargc;
1185 char **argv = PL_origargv;
1186 char *scriptname = NULL;
1187 VOL bool dosearch = FALSE;
1188 char *validarg = "";
1191 char *cddir = Nullch;
1195 sv_setpvn(PL_linestr,"",0);
1196 sv = newSVpvn("",0); /* first used for -I flags */
1200 for (argc--,argv++; argc > 0; argc--,argv++) {
1201 if (argv[0][0] != '-' || !argv[0][1])
1205 validarg = " PHOOEY ";
1209 * Can we rely on the kernel to start scripts with argv[1] set to
1210 * contain all #! line switches (the whole line)? (argv[0] is set to
1211 * the interpreter name, argv[2] to the script name; argv[3] and
1212 * above may contain other arguments.)
1219 #ifndef PERL_STRICT_CR
1244 if ((s = moreswitches(s)))
1249 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('t');
1250 if( !PL_tainting ) {
1251 PL_taint_warn = TRUE;
1257 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('T');
1259 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
1264 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1265 /* ignore -e for Dev:Pseudo argument */
1266 if (argv[1] && !strcmp(argv[1], "Dev:Pseudo"))
1271 PL_e_script = newSVpvn("",0);
1272 filter_add(read_e_script, NULL);
1275 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, s);
1277 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, argv[1]);
1281 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No code specified for -e");
1282 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, "\n");
1285 case 'I': /* -I handled both here and in moreswitches() */
1287 if (!*++s && (s=argv[1]) != Nullch) {
1292 STRLEN len = strlen(s);
1293 p = savepvn(s, len);
1294 incpush(p, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE);
1295 sv_catpvn(sv, "-I", 2);
1296 sv_catpvn(sv, p, len);
1297 sv_catpvn(sv, " ", 1);
1301 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No directory specified for -I");
1305 PL_preprocess = TRUE;
1315 PL_preambleav = newAV();
1316 av_push(PL_preambleav, newSVpv("use Config qw(myconfig config_vars)",0));
1318 PL_Sv = newSVpv("print myconfig();",0);
1320 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"print \"\\nCharacteristics of this PERLSHR image: \\n\",");
1322 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"print \"\\nCharacteristics of this binary (from libperl): \\n\",");
1324 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"\" Compile-time options:");
1326 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," DEBUGGING");
1328 # ifdef MULTIPLICITY
1329 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," MULTIPLICITY");
1331 # ifdef USE_5005THREADS
1332 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_5005THREADS");
1334 # ifdef USE_ITHREADS
1335 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_ITHREADS");
1337 # ifdef USE_64_BIT_INT
1338 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_64_BIT_INT");
1340 # ifdef USE_64_BIT_ALL
1341 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_64_BIT_ALL");
1343 # ifdef USE_LONG_DOUBLE
1344 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_LONG_DOUBLE");
1346 # ifdef USE_LARGE_FILES
1347 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_LARGE_FILES");
1350 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_SOCKS");
1352 # ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
1353 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT");
1355 # ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
1356 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS");
1358 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"\\n\",");
1360 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
1361 if (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT > 0) {
1363 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"\" Locally applied patches:\\n\",");
1364 for (i = 1; i <= LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT; i++) {
1365 if (PL_localpatches[i])
1366 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ PL_Sv,"q%c\t%s\n%c,",
1367 0, PL_localpatches[i], 0);
1371 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ PL_Sv,"\" Built under %s\\n\"",OSNAME);
1374 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ PL_Sv,",\" Compiled at %s %s\\n\"",__DATE__,__TIME__);
1376 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ PL_Sv,",\" Compiled on %s\\n\"",__DATE__);
1379 sv_catpv(PL_Sv, "; \
1381 @env = map { \"$_=\\\"$ENV{$_}\\\"\" } sort grep {/^PERL/} keys %ENV; ");
1384 push @env, \"CYGWIN=\\\"$ENV{CYGWIN}\\\"\";");
1387 print \" \\%ENV:\\n @env\\n\" if @env; \
1388 print \" \\@INC:\\n @INC\\n\";");
1391 PL_Sv = newSVpv("config_vars(qw(",0);
1392 sv_catpv(PL_Sv, ++s);
1393 sv_catpv(PL_Sv, "))");
1396 av_push(PL_preambleav, PL_Sv);
1397 scriptname = BIT_BUCKET; /* don't look for script or read stdin */
1400 PL_doextract = TRUE;
1408 if (!*++s || isSPACE(*s)) {
1412 /* catch use of gnu style long options */
1413 if (strEQ(s, "version")) {
1417 if (strEQ(s, "help")) {
1424 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Unrecognized switch: -%s (-h will show valid options)",s);
1430 #ifndef SECURE_INTERNAL_GETENV
1433 (s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL5OPT")))
1438 if (*s == '-' && *(s+1) == 'T') {
1439 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('T');
1441 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
1444 char *popt_copy = Nullch;
1457 if (!strchr("DIMUdmtwA", *s))
1458 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Illegal switch in PERL5OPT: -%c", *s);
1462 popt_copy = SvPVX(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(popt,0)));
1463 s = popt_copy + (s - popt);
1464 d = popt_copy + (d - popt);
1471 if( !PL_tainting ) {
1472 PL_taint_warn = TRUE;
1482 if (PL_taint_warn && PL_dowarn != G_WARN_ALL_OFF) {
1483 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = newSVpvn(WARN_TAINTstring, WARNsize);
1487 scriptname = argv[0];
1490 scriptname = BIT_BUCKET; /* don't look for script or read stdin */
1492 else if (scriptname == Nullch) {
1494 if ( PerlLIO_isatty(PerlIO_fileno(PerlIO_stdin())) )
1502 open_script(scriptname,dosearch,sv);
1504 validate_suid(validarg, scriptname);
1507 #if defined(SIGCHLD) || defined(SIGCLD)
1510 # define SIGCHLD SIGCLD
1512 Sighandler_t sigstate = rsignal_state(SIGCHLD);
1513 if (sigstate == SIG_IGN) {
1514 if (ckWARN(WARN_SIGNAL))
1515 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_SIGNAL),
1516 "Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default");
1517 (void)rsignal(SIGCHLD, (Sighandler_t)SIG_DFL);
1523 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1524 if (PL_doextract || gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
1529 if (cddir && PerlDir_chdir(cddir) < 0)
1530 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't chdir to %s",cddir);
1534 PL_main_cv = PL_compcv = (CV*)NEWSV(1104,0);
1535 sv_upgrade((SV *)PL_compcv, SVt_PVCV);
1536 CvUNIQUE_on(PL_compcv);
1538 CvPADLIST(PL_compcv) = pad_new(0);
1539 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
1540 CvOWNER(PL_compcv) = 0;
1541 New(666, CvMUTEXP(PL_compcv), 1, perl_mutex);
1542 MUTEX_INIT(CvMUTEXP(PL_compcv));
1543 #endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
1546 boot_core_UNIVERSAL();
1547 boot_core_xsutils();
1550 (*xsinit)(aTHX); /* in case linked C routines want magical variables */
1552 #if defined(VMS) || defined(WIN32) || defined(DJGPP) || defined(__CYGWIN__) || defined(EPOC)
1558 # ifdef HAS_SOCKS5_INIT
1559 socks5_init(argv[0]);
1565 init_predump_symbols();
1566 /* init_postdump_symbols not currently designed to be called */
1567 /* more than once (ENV isn't cleared first, for example) */
1568 /* But running with -u leaves %ENV & @ARGV undefined! XXX */
1570 init_postdump_symbols(argc,argv,env);
1572 /* PL_unicode is turned on by -C or by $ENV{PERL_UNICODE}.
1573 * PL_utf8locale is conditionally turned on by
1574 * locale.c:Perl_init_i18nl10n() if the environment
1575 * look like the user wants to use UTF-8. */
1577 /* Requires init_predump_symbols(). */
1578 if (!(PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_LOCALE_FLAG) || PL_utf8locale) {
1583 /* Turn on UTF-8-ness on STDIN, STDOUT, STDERR
1584 * and the default open disciplines. */
1585 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDIN_FLAG) &&
1586 PL_stdingv && (io = GvIO(PL_stdingv)) &&
1588 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
1589 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDOUT_FLAG) &&
1590 PL_defoutgv && (io = GvIO(PL_defoutgv)) &&
1592 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
1593 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDERR_FLAG) &&
1594 PL_stderrgv && (io = GvIO(PL_stderrgv)) &&
1596 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
1597 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_INOUT_FLAG) &&
1598 (sv = GvSV(gv_fetchpv("\017PEN", TRUE, SVt_PV)))) {
1599 U32 in = PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_IN_FLAG;
1600 U32 out = PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_OUT_FLAG;
1603 sv_setpvn(sv, ":utf8\0:utf8", 11);
1605 sv_setpvn(sv, ":utf8\0", 6);
1608 sv_setpvn(sv, "\0:utf8", 6);
1614 if ((s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_SIGNALS"))) {
1615 if (strEQ(s, "unsafe"))
1616 PL_signals |= PERL_SIGNALS_UNSAFE_FLAG;
1617 else if (strEQ(s, "safe"))
1618 PL_signals &= ~PERL_SIGNALS_UNSAFE_FLAG;
1620 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "PERL_SIGNALS illegal: \"%s\"", s);
1625 /* now parse the script */
1627 SETERRNO(0,SS_NORMAL);
1629 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1630 if (gMacPerl_SyntaxError = (yyparse() || PL_error_count)) {
1632 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s had compilation errors.\n", MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
1634 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Execution of %s aborted due to compilation errors.\n",
1635 MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
1639 if (yyparse() || PL_error_count) {
1641 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s had compilation errors.\n", PL_origfilename);
1643 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Execution of %s aborted due to compilation errors.\n",
1648 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, 0);
1649 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
1650 PL_preprocess = FALSE;
1652 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
1653 PL_e_script = Nullsv;
1660 SAVECOPFILE(PL_curcop);
1661 SAVECOPLINE(PL_curcop);
1662 gv_check(PL_defstash);
1669 if ((s=PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS")) && atoi(s) >= 2)
1670 dump_mstats("after compilation:");
1679 =for apidoc perl_run
1681 Tells a Perl interpreter to run. See L<perlembed>.
1692 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
1696 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
1701 #ifdef PERL_FLEXIBLE_EXCEPTIONS
1703 CALLPROTECT(aTHX_ pcur_env, &ret, MEMBER_TO_FPTR(S_vrun_body), oldscope);
1709 cxstack_ix = -1; /* start context stack again */
1711 case 0: /* normal completion */
1712 #ifndef PERL_FLEXIBLE_EXCEPTIONS
1717 case 2: /* my_exit() */
1718 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
1721 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
1722 if (!(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_DESTRUCT_END) &&
1723 PL_endav && !PL_minus_c)
1724 call_list(oldscope, PL_endav);
1726 if (PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS"))
1727 dump_mstats("after execution: ");
1729 ret = STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
1733 POPSTACK_TO(PL_mainstack);
1736 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: restartop\n");
1746 #ifdef PERL_FLEXIBLE_EXCEPTIONS
1748 S_vrun_body(pTHX_ va_list args)
1750 I32 oldscope = va_arg(args, I32);
1752 return run_body(oldscope);
1758 S_run_body(pTHX_ I32 oldscope)
1760 DEBUG_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "%s $` $& $' support.\n",
1761 PL_sawampersand ? "Enabling" : "Omitting"));
1763 if (!PL_restartop) {
1764 DEBUG_x(dump_all());
1766 PERL_DEBUG(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "\nEXECUTING...\n\n"));
1767 DEBUG_S(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "main thread is 0x%"UVxf"\n",
1771 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1772 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "%s%s syntax OK\n",
1773 (gMacPerl_ErrorFormat ? "# " : ""),
1774 MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
1776 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "%s syntax OK\n", PL_origfilename);
1780 if (PERLDB_SINGLE && PL_DBsingle)
1781 sv_setiv(PL_DBsingle, 1);
1783 call_list(oldscope, PL_initav);
1789 PL_op = PL_restartop;
1793 else if (PL_main_start) {
1794 CvDEPTH(PL_main_cv) = 1;
1795 PL_op = PL_main_start;
1805 =head1 SV Manipulation Functions
1807 =for apidoc p||get_sv
1809 Returns the SV of the specified Perl scalar. If C<create> is set and the
1810 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
1811 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
1817 Perl_get_sv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
1820 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
1821 if (name[1] == '\0' && !isALPHA(name[0])) {
1822 PADOFFSET tmp = find_threadsv(name);
1823 if (tmp != NOT_IN_PAD)
1824 return THREADSV(tmp);
1826 #endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
1827 gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PV);
1834 =head1 Array Manipulation Functions
1836 =for apidoc p||get_av
1838 Returns the AV of the specified Perl array. If C<create> is set and the
1839 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
1840 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
1846 Perl_get_av(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
1848 GV* gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVAV);
1857 =head1 Hash Manipulation Functions
1859 =for apidoc p||get_hv
1861 Returns the HV of the specified Perl hash. If C<create> is set and the
1862 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
1863 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
1869 Perl_get_hv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
1871 GV* gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVHV);
1880 =head1 CV Manipulation Functions
1882 =for apidoc p||get_cv
1884 Returns the CV of the specified Perl subroutine. If C<create> is set and
1885 the Perl subroutine does not exist then it will be declared (which has the
1886 same effect as saying C<sub name;>). If C<create> is not set and the
1887 subroutine does not exist then NULL is returned.
1893 Perl_get_cv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
1895 GV* gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVCV);
1896 /* XXX unsafe for threads if eval_owner isn't held */
1897 /* XXX this is probably not what they think they're getting.
1898 * It has the same effect as "sub name;", i.e. just a forward
1900 if (create && !GvCVu(gv))
1901 return newSUB(start_subparse(FALSE, 0),
1902 newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSVpv(name,0)),
1910 /* Be sure to refetch the stack pointer after calling these routines. */
1914 =head1 Callback Functions
1916 =for apidoc p||call_argv
1918 Performs a callback to the specified Perl sub. See L<perlcall>.
1924 Perl_call_argv(pTHX_ const char *sub_name, I32 flags, register char **argv)
1926 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
1927 /* null terminated arg list */
1934 XPUSHs(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(*argv,0)));
1939 return call_pv(sub_name, flags);
1943 =for apidoc p||call_pv
1945 Performs a callback to the specified Perl sub. See L<perlcall>.
1951 Perl_call_pv(pTHX_ const char *sub_name, I32 flags)
1952 /* name of the subroutine */
1953 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
1955 return call_sv((SV*)get_cv(sub_name, TRUE), flags);
1959 =for apidoc p||call_method
1961 Performs a callback to the specified Perl method. The blessed object must
1962 be on the stack. See L<perlcall>.
1968 Perl_call_method(pTHX_ const char *methname, I32 flags)
1969 /* name of the subroutine */
1970 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
1972 return call_sv(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(methname,0)), flags | G_METHOD);
1975 /* May be called with any of a CV, a GV, or an SV containing the name. */
1977 =for apidoc p||call_sv
1979 Performs a callback to the Perl sub whose name is in the SV. See
1986 Perl_call_sv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
1987 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
1990 LOGOP myop; /* fake syntax tree node */
1993 volatile I32 retval = 0;
1995 bool oldcatch = CATCH_GET;
2000 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2005 Zero(&myop, 1, LOGOP);
2006 myop.op_next = Nullop;
2007 if (!(flags & G_NOARGS))
2008 myop.op_flags |= OPf_STACKED;
2009 myop.op_flags |= ((flags & G_VOID) ? OPf_WANT_VOID :
2010 (flags & G_ARRAY) ? OPf_WANT_LIST :
2015 EXTEND(PL_stack_sp, 1);
2016 *++PL_stack_sp = sv;
2018 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
2020 if (PERLDB_SUB && PL_curstash != PL_debstash
2021 /* Handle first BEGIN of -d. */
2022 && (PL_DBcv || (PL_DBcv = GvCV(PL_DBsub)))
2023 /* Try harder, since this may have been a sighandler, thus
2024 * curstash may be meaningless. */
2025 && (SvTYPE(sv) != SVt_PVCV || CvSTASH((CV*)sv) != PL_debstash)
2026 && !(flags & G_NODEBUG))
2027 PL_op->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_DB;
2029 if (flags & G_METHOD) {
2030 Zero(&method_op, 1, UNOP);
2031 method_op.op_next = PL_op;
2032 method_op.op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_METHOD];
2033 myop.op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_ENTERSUB];
2034 PL_op = (OP*)&method_op;
2037 if (!(flags & G_EVAL)) {
2039 call_body((OP*)&myop, FALSE);
2040 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2041 CATCH_SET(oldcatch);
2044 myop.op_other = (OP*)&myop;
2046 /* we're trying to emulate pp_entertry() here */
2048 register PERL_CONTEXT *cx;
2049 I32 gimme = GIMME_V;
2054 push_return(Nullop);
2055 PUSHBLOCK(cx, (CXt_EVAL|CXp_TRYBLOCK), PL_stack_sp);
2057 PL_eval_root = PL_op; /* Only needed so that goto works right. */
2059 PL_in_eval = EVAL_INEVAL;
2060 if (flags & G_KEEPERR)
2061 PL_in_eval |= EVAL_KEEPERR;
2067 #ifdef PERL_FLEXIBLE_EXCEPTIONS
2069 CALLPROTECT(aTHX_ pcur_env, &ret, MEMBER_TO_FPTR(S_vcall_body),
2076 #ifndef PERL_FLEXIBLE_EXCEPTIONS
2078 call_body((OP*)&myop, FALSE);
2080 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2081 if (!(flags & G_KEEPERR))
2088 /* my_exit() was called */
2089 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2092 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED))
2093 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Callback called exit");
2098 PL_op = PL_restartop;
2102 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2103 if (flags & G_ARRAY)
2107 *++PL_stack_sp = &PL_sv_undef;
2112 if (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope) {
2116 register PERL_CONTEXT *cx;
2128 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2129 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2138 #ifdef PERL_FLEXIBLE_EXCEPTIONS
2140 S_vcall_body(pTHX_ va_list args)
2142 OP *myop = va_arg(args, OP*);
2143 int is_eval = va_arg(args, int);
2145 call_body(myop, is_eval);
2151 S_call_body(pTHX_ OP *myop, int is_eval)
2153 if (PL_op == myop) {
2155 PL_op = Perl_pp_entereval(aTHX); /* this doesn't do a POPMARK */
2157 PL_op = Perl_pp_entersub(aTHX); /* this does */
2163 /* Eval a string. The G_EVAL flag is always assumed. */
2166 =for apidoc p||eval_sv
2168 Tells Perl to C<eval> the string in the SV.
2174 Perl_eval_sv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
2176 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2179 UNOP myop; /* fake syntax tree node */
2180 volatile I32 oldmark = SP - PL_stack_base;
2181 volatile I32 retval = 0;
2187 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2194 Zero(PL_op, 1, UNOP);
2195 EXTEND(PL_stack_sp, 1);
2196 *++PL_stack_sp = sv;
2197 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
2199 if (!(flags & G_NOARGS))
2200 myop.op_flags = OPf_STACKED;
2201 myop.op_next = Nullop;
2202 myop.op_type = OP_ENTEREVAL;
2203 myop.op_flags |= ((flags & G_VOID) ? OPf_WANT_VOID :
2204 (flags & G_ARRAY) ? OPf_WANT_LIST :
2206 if (flags & G_KEEPERR)
2207 myop.op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL;
2209 #ifdef PERL_FLEXIBLE_EXCEPTIONS
2211 CALLPROTECT(aTHX_ pcur_env, &ret, MEMBER_TO_FPTR(S_vcall_body),
2218 #ifndef PERL_FLEXIBLE_EXCEPTIONS
2220 call_body((OP*)&myop,TRUE);
2222 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2223 if (!(flags & G_KEEPERR))
2230 /* my_exit() was called */
2231 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2234 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED))
2235 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Callback called exit");
2240 PL_op = PL_restartop;
2244 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2245 if (flags & G_ARRAY)
2249 *++PL_stack_sp = &PL_sv_undef;
2255 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2256 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2266 =for apidoc p||eval_pv
2268 Tells Perl to C<eval> the given string and return an SV* result.
2274 Perl_eval_pv(pTHX_ const char *p, I32 croak_on_error)
2277 SV* sv = newSVpv(p, 0);
2279 eval_sv(sv, G_SCALAR);
2286 if (croak_on_error && SvTRUE(ERRSV)) {
2288 Perl_croak(aTHX_ SvPVx(ERRSV, n_a));
2294 /* Require a module. */
2297 =head1 Embedding Functions
2299 =for apidoc p||require_pv
2301 Tells Perl to C<require> the file named by the string argument. It is
2302 analogous to the Perl code C<eval "require '$file'">. It's even
2303 implemented that way; consider using load_module instead.
2308 Perl_require_pv(pTHX_ const char *pv)
2312 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_REQUIRE);
2314 sv = sv_newmortal();
2315 sv_setpv(sv, "require '");
2318 eval_sv(sv, G_DISCARD);
2324 Perl_magicname(pTHX_ char *sym, char *name, I32 namlen)
2328 if ((gv = gv_fetchpv(sym,TRUE, SVt_PV)))
2329 sv_magic(GvSV(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, namlen);
2333 S_usage(pTHX_ char *name) /* XXX move this out into a module ? */
2335 /* This message really ought to be max 23 lines.
2336 * Removed -h because the user already knows that option. Others? */
2338 static char *usage_msg[] = {
2339 "-0[octal] specify record separator (\\0, if no argument)",
2340 "-a autosplit mode with -n or -p (splits $_ into @F)",
2341 "-C[number/list] enables the listed Unicode features",
2342 "-c check syntax only (runs BEGIN and CHECK blocks)",
2343 "-d[:debugger] run program under debugger",
2344 "-D[number/list] set debugging flags (argument is a bit mask or alphabets)",
2345 "-e program one line of program (several -e's allowed, omit programfile)",
2346 "-F/pattern/ split() pattern for -a switch (//'s are optional)",
2347 "-i[extension] edit <> files in place (makes backup if extension supplied)",
2348 "-Idirectory specify @INC/#include directory (several -I's allowed)",
2349 "-l[octal] enable line ending processing, specifies line terminator",
2350 "-[mM][-]module execute `use/no module...' before executing program",
2351 "-n assume 'while (<>) { ... }' loop around program",
2352 "-p assume loop like -n but print line also, like sed",
2353 "-P run program through C preprocessor before compilation",
2354 "-s enable rudimentary parsing for switches after programfile",
2355 "-S look for programfile using PATH environment variable",
2356 "-t enable tainting warnings",
2357 "-T enable tainting checks",
2358 "-u dump core after parsing program",
2359 "-U allow unsafe operations",
2360 "-v print version, subversion (includes VERY IMPORTANT perl info)",
2361 "-V[:variable] print configuration summary (or a single Config.pm variable)",
2362 "-w enable many useful warnings (RECOMMENDED)",
2363 "-W enable all warnings",
2364 "-x[directory] strip off text before #!perl line and perhaps cd to directory",
2365 "-X disable all warnings",
2369 char **p = usage_msg;
2371 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2372 "\nUsage: %s [switches] [--] [programfile] [arguments]",
2375 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(), "\n %s", *p++);
2378 /* convert a string of -D options (or digits) into an int.
2379 * sets *s to point to the char after the options */
2383 Perl_get_debug_opts(pTHX_ char **s)
2385 static char *usage_msgd[] = {
2386 " Debugging flag values: (see also -d)",
2387 " p Tokenizing and parsing (with v, displays parse stack)",
2388 " s Stack snapshots. with v, displays all stacks",
2389 " l Context (loop) stack processing",
2390 " t Trace execution",
2391 " o Method and overloading resolution",
2392 " c String/numeric conversions",
2393 " P Print profiling info, preprocessor command for -P, source file input state",
2394 " m Memory allocation",
2395 " f Format processing",
2396 " r Regular expression parsing and execution",
2397 " x Syntax tree dump",
2398 " u Tainting checks (Obsolete, previously used for LEAKTEST)",
2399 " H Hash dump -- usurps values()",
2400 " X Scratchpad allocation",
2402 " S Thread synchronization",
2404 " R Include reference counts of dumped variables (eg when using -Ds)",
2405 " J Do not s,t,P-debug (Jump over) opcodes within package DB",
2406 " v Verbose: use in conjunction with other flags",
2408 " A Consistency checks on internal structures",
2409 " q quiet - currently only suppressed the 'EXECUTING' message",
2414 /* if adding extra options, remember to update DEBUG_MASK */
2415 static char debopts[] = "psltocPmfrxu HXDSTRJvCAq";
2417 for (; isALNUM(**s); (*s)++) {
2418 char *d = strchr(debopts,**s);
2420 i |= 1 << (d - debopts);
2421 else if (ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
2422 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
2423 "invalid option -D%c, use -D'' to see choices\n", **s);
2426 else if (isDIGIT(**s)) {
2428 for (; isALNUM(**s); (*s)++) ;
2431 char **p = usage_msgd;
2432 while (*p) PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(), "%s\n", *p++);
2435 if ((i & DEBUG_p_FLAG) && ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
2436 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
2437 "-Dp not implemented on this platform\n");
2443 /* This routine handles any switches that can be given during run */
2446 Perl_moreswitches(pTHX_ char *s)
2456 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rs);
2457 if (s[1] == 'x' && s[2]) {
2461 for (s += 2, e = s; *e; e++);
2463 flags = PERL_SCAN_SILENT_ILLDIGIT;
2464 rschar = (U32)grok_hex(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
2465 if (s + numlen < e) {
2466 rschar = 0; /* Grandfather -0xFOO as -0 -xFOO. */
2470 PL_rs = newSVpvn("", 0);
2471 SvGROW(PL_rs, (STRLEN)(UNISKIP(rschar) + 1));
2472 tmps = (U8*)SvPVX(PL_rs);
2473 uvchr_to_utf8(tmps, rschar);
2474 SvCUR_set(PL_rs, UNISKIP(rschar));
2479 rschar = (U32)grok_oct(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
2480 if (rschar & ~((U8)~0))
2481 PL_rs = &PL_sv_undef;
2482 else if (!rschar && numlen >= 2)
2483 PL_rs = newSVpvn("", 0);
2485 char ch = (char)rschar;
2486 PL_rs = newSVpvn(&ch, 1);
2489 sv_setsv(get_sv("/", TRUE), PL_rs);
2494 PL_unicode = parse_unicode_opts(&s);
2499 while (*s && !isSPACE(*s)) ++s;
2501 PL_splitstr = savepv(PL_splitstr);
2514 /* The following permits -d:Mod to accepts arguments following an =
2515 in the fashion that -MSome::Mod does. */
2516 if (*s == ':' || *s == '=') {
2519 sv = newSVpv("use Devel::", 0);
2521 /* We now allow -d:Module=Foo,Bar */
2522 while(isALNUM(*s) || *s==':') ++s;
2524 sv_catpv(sv, start);
2526 sv_catpvn(sv, start, s-start);
2527 sv_catpv(sv, " split(/,/,q{");
2532 my_setenv("PERL5DB", SvPV(sv, PL_na));
2535 PL_perldb = PERLDB_ALL;
2544 PL_debug = get_debug_opts(&s) | DEBUG_TOP_FLAG;
2545 #else /* !DEBUGGING */
2546 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
2547 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
2548 "Recompile perl with -DDEBUGGING to use -D switch (did you mean -d ?)\n");
2549 for (s++; isALNUM(*s); s++) ;
2555 usage(PL_origargv[0]);
2559 Safefree(PL_inplace);
2560 #if defined(__CYGWIN__) /* do backup extension automagically */
2561 if (*(s+1) == '\0') {
2562 PL_inplace = savepv(".bak");
2565 #endif /* __CYGWIN__ */
2566 PL_inplace = savepv(s+1);
2568 for (s = PL_inplace; *s && !isSPACE(*s); s++) ;
2571 if (*s == '-') /* Additional switches on #! line. */
2575 case 'I': /* -I handled both here and in parse_body() */
2578 while (*s && isSPACE(*s))
2583 /* ignore trailing spaces (possibly followed by other switches) */
2585 for (e = p; *e && !isSPACE(*e); e++) ;
2589 } while (*p && *p != '-');
2590 e = savepvn(s, e-s);
2591 incpush(e, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE);
2598 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No directory specified for -I");
2604 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ors_sv);
2609 PL_ors_sv = newSVpvn("\n",1);
2610 numlen = 3 + (*s == '0');
2611 *SvPVX(PL_ors_sv) = (char)grok_oct(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
2615 if (RsPARA(PL_rs)) {
2616 PL_ors_sv = newSVpvn("\n\n",2);
2619 PL_ors_sv = newSVsv(PL_rs);
2626 PL_preambleav = newAV();
2628 SV *sv = newSVpv("use assertions::activate split(/,/,q", 0);
2629 sv_catpvn(sv, "\0", 1); /* Use NUL as q//-delimiter. */
2631 sv_catpvn(sv, "\0)", 2);
2633 av_push(PL_preambleav, sv);
2636 av_push(PL_preambleav, newSVpvn("use assertions::activate",24));
2639 forbid_setid("-M"); /* XXX ? */
2642 forbid_setid("-m"); /* XXX ? */
2647 /* -M-foo == 'no foo' */
2648 if (*s == '-') { use = "no "; ++s; }
2649 sv = newSVpv(use,0);
2651 /* We allow -M'Module qw(Foo Bar)' */
2652 while(isALNUM(*s) || *s==':') ++s;
2654 sv_catpv(sv, start);
2655 if (*(start-1) == 'm') {
2657 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use '%c' after -mname", *s);
2658 sv_catpv( sv, " ()");
2662 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Module name required with -%c option",
2664 sv_catpvn(sv, start, s-start);
2665 sv_catpv(sv, " split(/,/,q");
2666 sv_catpvn(sv, "\0)", 1); /* Use NUL as q//-delimiter. */
2668 sv_catpvn(sv, "\0)", 2);
2672 PL_preambleav = newAV();
2673 av_push(PL_preambleav, sv);
2676 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No space allowed after -%c", *(s-1));
2688 PL_doswitches = TRUE;
2702 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2703 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Believe me, you don't want to use \"-u\" on a Macintosh");
2705 PL_do_undump = TRUE;
2714 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2715 Perl_form(aTHX_ "\nThis is perl, v%"VDf" built for %s",
2716 PL_patchlevel, ARCHNAME));
2718 /* Adjust verbose output as in the perl that ships with the DG/UX OS from EMC */
2719 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2720 Perl_form(aTHX_ "\nThis is perl, version %vd\n", PL_patchlevel));
2721 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2722 Perl_form(aTHX_ " built under %s at %s %s\n",
2723 OSNAME, __DATE__, __TIME__));
2724 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2725 Perl_form(aTHX_ " OS Specific Release: %s\n",
2729 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
2730 if (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT > 0)
2731 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2732 "\n(with %d registered patch%s, "
2733 "see perl -V for more detail)",
2734 (int)LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT,
2735 (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT!=1) ? "es" : "");
2738 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2739 "\n\nCopyright 1987-2004, Larry Wall\n");
2740 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2741 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2742 "\nMac OS port Copyright 1991-2002, Matthias Neeracher;\n"
2743 "maintained by Chris Nandor\n");
2746 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2747 "\nMS-DOS port Copyright (c) 1989, 1990, Diomidis Spinellis\n");
2750 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2751 "djgpp v2 port (jpl5003c) by Hirofumi Watanabe, 1996\n"
2752 "djgpp v2 port (perl5004+) by Laszlo Molnar, 1997-1999\n");
2755 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2756 "\n\nOS/2 port Copyright (c) 1990, 1991, Raymond Chen, Kai Uwe Rommel\n"
2757 "Version 5 port Copyright (c) 1994-2002, Andreas Kaiser, Ilya Zakharevich\n");
2760 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2761 "atariST series port, ++jrb bammi@cadence.com\n");
2764 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2765 "BeOS port Copyright Tom Spindler, 1997-1999\n");
2768 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2769 "MPE/iX port Copyright by Mark Klein and Mark Bixby, 1996-2003\n");
2772 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2773 "MVS (OS390) port by Mortice Kern Systems, 1997-1999\n");
2776 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2777 "Stratus VOS port by Paul.Green@stratus.com, 1997-2002\n");
2780 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2781 "VM/ESA port by Neale Ferguson, 1998-1999\n");
2784 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2785 "BS2000 (POSIX) port by Start Amadeus GmbH, 1998-1999\n");
2788 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2789 "MiNT port by Guido Flohr, 1997-1999\n");
2792 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2793 "EPOC port by Olaf Flebbe, 1999-2002\n");
2796 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),"WINCE port by Rainer Keuchel, 2001-2002\n");
2797 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),"Built on " __DATE__ " " __TIME__ "\n\n");
2800 #ifdef BINARY_BUILD_NOTICE
2801 BINARY_BUILD_NOTICE;
2803 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2805 Perl may be copied only under the terms of either the Artistic License or the\n\
2806 GNU General Public License, which may be found in the Perl 5 source kit.\n\n\
2807 Complete documentation for Perl, including FAQ lists, should be found on\n\
2808 this system using `man perl' or `perldoc perl'. If you have access to the\n\
2809 Internet, point your browser at http://www.perl.com/, the Perl Home Page.\n\n");
2812 if (! (PL_dowarn & G_WARN_ALL_MASK))
2813 PL_dowarn |= G_WARN_ON;
2817 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_ALL_ON|G_WARN_ON;
2818 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
2819 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
2820 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = pWARN_ALL ;
2824 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_ALL_OFF;
2825 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
2826 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
2827 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = pWARN_NONE ;
2832 if (s[1] == '-') /* Additional switches on #! line. */
2837 #if defined(WIN32) || !defined(PERL_STRICT_CR)
2843 #ifdef ALTERNATE_SHEBANG
2844 case 'S': /* OS/2 needs -S on "extproc" line. */
2852 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't emulate -%.1s on #! line",s);
2857 /* compliments of Tom Christiansen */
2859 /* unexec() can be found in the Gnu emacs distribution */
2860 /* Known to work with -DUNEXEC and using unexelf.c from GNU emacs-20.2 */
2863 Perl_my_unexec(pTHX)
2871 prog = newSVpv(BIN_EXP, 0);
2872 sv_catpv(prog, "/perl");
2873 file = newSVpv(PL_origfilename, 0);
2874 sv_catpv(file, ".perldump");
2876 unexec(SvPVX(file), SvPVX(prog), &etext, sbrk(0), 0);
2877 /* unexec prints msg to stderr in case of failure */
2878 PerlProc_exit(status);
2881 # include <lib$routines.h>
2882 lib$signal(SS$_DEBUG); /* ssdef.h #included from vmsish.h */
2884 ABORT(); /* for use with undump */
2889 /* initialize curinterp */
2895 # define PERLVAR(var,type)
2896 # define PERLVARA(var,n,type)
2897 # if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
2898 # if defined(USE_5005THREADS)
2899 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
2900 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
2901 # else /* !USE_5005THREADS */
2902 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) aTHX->var = init;
2903 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) aTHX->var = init;
2904 # endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
2906 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
2907 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
2909 # include "intrpvar.h"
2910 # ifndef USE_5005THREADS
2911 # include "thrdvar.h"
2918 # define PERLVAR(var,type)
2919 # define PERLVARA(var,n,type)
2920 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PL_##var = init;
2921 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PL_##var = init;
2922 # include "intrpvar.h"
2923 # ifndef USE_5005THREADS
2924 # include "thrdvar.h"
2935 S_init_main_stash(pTHX)
2939 PL_curstash = PL_defstash = newHV();
2940 PL_curstname = newSVpvn("main",4);
2941 gv = gv_fetchpv("main::",TRUE, SVt_PVHV);
2942 SvREFCNT_dec(GvHV(gv));
2943 GvHV(gv) = (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(PL_defstash);
2945 HvNAME(PL_defstash) = savepv("main");
2946 PL_incgv = gv_HVadd(gv_AVadd(gv_fetchpv("INC",TRUE, SVt_PVAV)));
2947 GvMULTI_on(PL_incgv);
2948 PL_hintgv = gv_fetchpv("\010",TRUE, SVt_PV); /* ^H */
2949 GvMULTI_on(PL_hintgv);
2950 PL_defgv = gv_fetchpv("_",TRUE, SVt_PVAV);
2951 PL_errgv = gv_HVadd(gv_fetchpv("@", TRUE, SVt_PV));
2952 GvMULTI_on(PL_errgv);
2953 PL_replgv = gv_fetchpv("\022", TRUE, SVt_PV); /* ^R */
2954 GvMULTI_on(PL_replgv);
2955 (void)Perl_form(aTHX_ "%240s",""); /* Preallocate temp - for immediate signals. */
2956 sv_grow(ERRSV, 240); /* Preallocate - for immediate signals. */
2957 sv_setpvn(ERRSV, "", 0);
2958 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2959 CopSTASH_set(&PL_compiling, PL_defstash);
2960 PL_debstash = GvHV(gv_fetchpv("DB::", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
2961 PL_globalstash = GvHV(gv_fetchpv("CORE::GLOBAL::", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
2962 /* We must init $/ before switches are processed. */
2963 sv_setpvn(get_sv("/", TRUE), "\n", 1);
2966 /* PSz 18 Nov 03 fdscript now global but do not change prototype */
2968 S_open_script(pTHX_ char *scriptname, bool dosearch, SV *sv)
2973 char *cpp_discard_flag;
2981 PL_origfilename = savepv("-e");
2984 /* if find_script() returns, it returns a malloc()-ed value */
2985 PL_origfilename = scriptname = find_script(scriptname, dosearch, NULL, 1);
2987 if (strnEQ(scriptname, "/dev/fd/", 8) && isDIGIT(scriptname[8]) ) {
2988 char *s = scriptname + 8;
2989 PL_fdscript = atoi(s);
2994 * Tell apart "normal" usage of fdscript, e.g.
2995 * with bash on FreeBSD:
2996 * perl <( echo '#!perl -DA'; echo 'print "$0\n"')
2997 * from usage in suidperl.
2998 * Does any "normal" usage leave garbage after the number???
2999 * Is it a mistake to use a similar /dev/fd/ construct for
3004 * Be supersafe and do some sanity-checks.
3005 * Still, can we be sure we got the right thing?
3008 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Wrong syntax (suid) fd script name \"%s\"\n", s);
3011 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Missing (suid) fd script name\n");
3013 scriptname = savepv(s + 1);
3014 Safefree(PL_origfilename);
3015 PL_origfilename = scriptname;
3020 CopFILE_free(PL_curcop);
3021 CopFILE_set(PL_curcop, PL_origfilename);
3022 if (strEQ(PL_origfilename,"-"))
3024 if (PL_fdscript >= 0) {
3025 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_fdopen(PL_fdscript,PERL_SCRIPT_MODE);
3026 # if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3028 /* ensure close-on-exec */
3029 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,1);
3034 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "sperl needs fd script\n"
3035 "You should not call sperl directly; do you need to "
3036 "change a #! line\nfrom sperl to perl?\n");
3039 * Do not open (or do other fancy stuff) while setuid.
3040 * Perl does the open, and hands script to suidperl on a fd;
3041 * suidperl only does some checks, sets up UIDs and re-execs
3042 * perl with that fd as it has always done.
3045 if (PL_suidscript != 1) {
3046 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "suidperl needs (suid) fd script\n");
3049 else if (PL_preprocess) {
3050 char *cpp_cfg = CPPSTDIN;
3051 SV *cpp = newSVpvn("",0);
3052 SV *cmd = NEWSV(0,0);
3054 if (cpp_cfg[0] == 0) /* PERL_MICRO? */
3055 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't run with cpp -P with CPPSTDIN undefined");
3056 if (strEQ(cpp_cfg, "cppstdin"))
3057 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ cpp, "%s/", BIN_EXP);
3058 sv_catpv(cpp, cpp_cfg);
3061 sv_catpvn(sv, "-I", 2);
3062 sv_catpv(sv,PRIVLIB_EXP);
3065 DEBUG_P(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3066 "PL_preprocess: scriptname=\"%s\", cpp=\"%s\", sv=\"%s\", CPPMINUS=\"%s\"\n",
3067 scriptname, SvPVX (cpp), SvPVX (sv), CPPMINUS));
3069 # if defined(MSDOS) || defined(WIN32) || defined(VMS)
3076 cpp_discard_flag = "";
3078 cpp_discard_flag = "-C";
3082 perl = os2_execname(aTHX);
3084 perl = PL_origargv[0];
3088 /* This strips off Perl comments which might interfere with
3089 the C pre-processor, including #!. #line directives are
3090 deliberately stripped to avoid confusion with Perl's version
3091 of #line. FWP played some golf with it so it will fit
3092 into VMS's 255 character buffer.
3095 code = "(1../^#!.*perl/i)|/^\\s*#(?!\\s*((ifn?|un)def|(el|end)?if|define|include|else|error|pragma)\\b)/||!($|=1)||print";
3097 code = "/^\\s*#(?!\\s*((ifn?|un)def|(el|end)?if|define|include|else|error|pragma)\\b)/||!($|=1)||print";
3099 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ cmd, "\
3100 %s -ne%s%s%s %s | %"SVf" %s %"SVf" %s",
3101 perl, quote, code, quote, scriptname, cpp,
3102 cpp_discard_flag, sv, CPPMINUS);
3104 PL_doextract = FALSE;
3106 DEBUG_P(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3107 "PL_preprocess: cmd=\"%s\"\n",
3110 PL_rsfp = PerlProc_popen(SvPVX(cmd), "r");
3114 else if (!*scriptname) {
3115 forbid_setid("program input from stdin");
3116 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_stdin();
3119 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_open(scriptname,PERL_SCRIPT_MODE);
3120 # if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3122 /* ensure close-on-exec */
3123 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,1);
3126 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3128 /* PSz 16 Sep 03 Keep neat error message */
3129 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't open perl script \"%s\": %s\n",
3130 CopFILE(PL_curcop), Strerror(errno));
3135 * I_SYSSTATVFS HAS_FSTATVFS
3137 * I_STATFS HAS_FSTATFS HAS_GETFSSTAT
3138 * I_MNTENT HAS_GETMNTENT HAS_HASMNTOPT
3139 * here so that metaconfig picks them up. */
3143 S_fd_on_nosuid_fs(pTHX_ int fd)
3146 * We used to do this as "plain" user (after swapping UIDs with setreuid);
3147 * but is needed also on machines without setreuid.
3148 * Seems safe enough to run as root.
3150 int check_okay = 0; /* able to do all the required sys/libcalls */
3151 int on_nosuid = 0; /* the fd is on a nosuid fs */
3153 * Need to check noexec also: nosuid might not be set, the average
3154 * sysadmin would say that nosuid is irrelevant once he sets noexec.
3156 int on_noexec = 0; /* the fd is on a noexec fs */
3159 * Preferred order: fstatvfs(), fstatfs(), ustat()+getmnt(), getmntent().
3160 * fstatvfs() is UNIX98.
3161 * fstatfs() is 4.3 BSD.
3162 * ustat()+getmnt() is pre-4.3 BSD.
3163 * getmntent() is O(number-of-mounted-filesystems) and can hang on
3164 * an irrelevant filesystem while trying to reach the right one.
3167 #undef FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY /* found the syscalls to do the check? */
3169 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3170 defined(HAS_FSTATVFS)
3171 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3172 struct statvfs stfs;
3174 check_okay = fstatvfs(fd, &stfs) == 0;
3175 on_nosuid = check_okay && (stfs.f_flag & ST_NOSUID);
3177 /* ST_NOEXEC certainly absent on AIX 5.1, and doesn't seem to be documented
3178 on platforms where it is present. */
3179 on_noexec = check_okay && (stfs.f_flag & ST_NOEXEC);
3181 # endif /* fstatvfs */
3183 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3184 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID) && \
3185 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC) && \
3186 defined(HAS_FSTATFS) && \
3187 defined(HAS_STRUCT_STATFS) && \
3188 defined(HAS_STRUCT_STATFS_F_FLAGS)
3189 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3192 check_okay = fstatfs(fd, &stfs) == 0;
3193 on_nosuid = check_okay && (stfs.f_flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID);
3194 on_noexec = check_okay && (stfs.f_flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC);
3195 # endif /* fstatfs */
3197 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3198 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID) && \
3199 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC) && \
3200 defined(HAS_FSTAT) && \
3201 defined(HAS_USTAT) && \
3202 defined(HAS_GETMNT) && \
3203 defined(HAS_STRUCT_FS_DATA) && \
3205 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3208 if (fstat(fd, &fdst) == 0) {
3210 if (ustat(fdst.st_dev, &us) == 0) {
3212 /* NOSTAT_ONE here because we're not examining fields which
3213 * vary between that case and STAT_ONE. */
3214 if (getmnt((int*)0, &fsd, (int)0, NOSTAT_ONE, us.f_fname) == 0) {
3215 size_t cmplen = sizeof(us.f_fname);
3216 if (sizeof(fsd.fd_req.path) < cmplen)
3217 cmplen = sizeof(fsd.fd_req.path);
3218 if (strnEQ(fsd.fd_req.path, us.f_fname, cmplen) &&
3219 fdst.st_dev == fsd.fd_req.dev) {
3221 on_nosuid = fsd.fd_req.flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID;
3222 on_noexec = fsd.fd_req.flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC;
3228 # endif /* fstat+ustat+getmnt */
3230 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3231 defined(HAS_GETMNTENT) && \
3232 defined(HAS_HASMNTOPT) && \
3233 defined(MNTOPT_NOSUID) && \
3234 defined(MNTOPT_NOEXEC)
3235 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3236 FILE *mtab = fopen("/etc/mtab", "r");
3237 struct mntent *entry;
3240 if (mtab && (fstat(fd, &stb) == 0)) {
3241 while (entry = getmntent(mtab)) {
3242 if (stat(entry->mnt_dir, &fsb) == 0
3243 && fsb.st_dev == stb.st_dev)
3245 /* found the filesystem */
3247 if (hasmntopt(entry, MNTOPT_NOSUID))
3249 if (hasmntopt(entry, MNTOPT_NOEXEC))
3252 } /* A single fs may well fail its stat(). */
3257 # endif /* getmntent+hasmntopt */
3260 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't check filesystem of script \"%s\" for nosuid/noexec", PL_origfilename);
3262 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script \"%s\" on nosuid filesystem", PL_origfilename);
3264 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script \"%s\" on noexec filesystem", PL_origfilename);
3265 return ((!check_okay) || on_nosuid || on_noexec);
3267 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3270 S_validate_suid(pTHX_ char *validarg, char *scriptname)
3274 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3276 /* do we need to emulate setuid on scripts? */
3278 /* This code is for those BSD systems that have setuid #! scripts disabled
3279 * in the kernel because of a security problem. Merely defining DOSUID
3280 * in perl will not fix that problem, but if you have disabled setuid
3281 * scripts in the kernel, this will attempt to emulate setuid and setgid
3282 * on scripts that have those now-otherwise-useless bits set. The setuid
3283 * root version must be called suidperl or sperlN.NNN. If regular perl
3284 * discovers that it has opened a setuid script, it calls suidperl with
3285 * the same argv that it had. If suidperl finds that the script it has
3286 * just opened is NOT setuid root, it sets the effective uid back to the
3287 * uid. We don't just make perl setuid root because that loses the
3288 * effective uid we had before invoking perl, if it was different from the
3291 * Description/comments above do not match current workings:
3292 * suidperl must be hardlinked to sperlN.NNN (that is what we exec);
3293 * suidperl called with script open and name changed to /dev/fd/N/X;
3294 * suidperl croaks if script is not setuid;
3295 * making perl setuid would be a huge security risk (and yes, that
3296 * would lose any euid we might have had).
3298 * DOSUID must be defined in both perl and suidperl, and IAMSUID must
3299 * be defined in suidperl only. suidperl must be setuid root. The
3300 * Configure script will set this up for you if you want it.
3306 if (PerlLIO_fstat(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),&PL_statbuf) < 0) /* normal stat is insecure */
3307 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't stat script \"%s\"",PL_origfilename);
3308 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & (S_ISUID|S_ISGID)) {
3313 if (PL_fdscript < 0 || PL_suidscript != 1)
3314 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Need (suid) fdscript in suidperl\n"); /* We already checked this */
3316 * Since the script is opened by perl, not suidperl, some of these
3317 * checks are superfluous. Leaving them in probably does not lower
3321 * Do checks even for systems with no HAS_SETREUID.
3322 * We used to swap, then re-swap UIDs with
3324 if (setreuid(PL_euid,PL_uid) < 0
3325 || PerlProc_getuid() != PL_euid || PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_uid)
3326 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't swap uid and euid");
3329 if (setreuid(PL_uid,PL_euid) < 0
3330 || PerlProc_getuid() != PL_uid || PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_euid)
3331 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't reswap uid and euid");
3335 /* On this access check to make sure the directories are readable,
3336 * there is actually a small window that the user could use to make
3337 * filename point to an accessible directory. So there is a faint
3338 * chance that someone could execute a setuid script down in a
3339 * non-accessible directory. I don't know what to do about that.
3340 * But I don't think it's too important. The manual lies when
3341 * it says access() is useful in setuid programs.
3343 * So, access() is pretty useless... but not harmful... do anyway.
3345 if (PerlLIO_access(CopFILE(PL_curcop),1)) { /*double check*/
3346 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't access() script\n");
3349 /* If we can swap euid and uid, then we can determine access rights
3350 * with a simple stat of the file, and then compare device and
3351 * inode to make sure we did stat() on the same file we opened.
3352 * Then we just have to make sure he or she can execute it.
3355 * As the script is opened by perl, not suidperl, we do not need to
3356 * care much about access rights.
3358 * The 'script changed' check is needed, or we can get lied to
3359 * about $0 with e.g.
3360 * suidperl /dev/fd/4//bin/x 4<setuidscript
3361 * Without HAS_SETREUID, is it safe to stat() as root?
3363 * Are there any operating systems that pass /dev/fd/xxx for setuid
3364 * scripts, as suggested/described in perlsec(1)? Surely they do not
3365 * pass the script name as we do, so the "script changed" test would
3366 * fail for them... but we never get here with
3367 * SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW defined.
3369 * This is one place where we must "lie" about return status: not
3370 * say if the stat() failed. We are doing this as root, and could
3371 * be tricked into reporting existence or not of files that the
3372 * "plain" user cannot even see.
3376 if (PerlLIO_stat(CopFILE(PL_curcop),&tmpstatbuf) < 0 ||
3377 tmpstatbuf.st_dev != PL_statbuf.st_dev ||
3378 tmpstatbuf.st_ino != PL_statbuf.st_ino) {
3379 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script changed\n");
3383 if (!cando(S_IXUSR,FALSE,&PL_statbuf)) /* can real uid exec? */
3384 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Real UID cannot exec script\n");
3387 * We used to do this check as the "plain" user (after swapping
3388 * UIDs). But the check for nosuid and noexec filesystem is needed,
3389 * and should be done even without HAS_SETREUID. (Maybe those
3390 * operating systems do not have such mount options anyway...)
3391 * Seems safe enough to do as root.
3393 #if !defined(NO_NOSUID_CHECK)
3394 if (fd_on_nosuid_fs(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp))) {
3395 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script on nosuid or noexec filesystem\n");
3398 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3400 if (!S_ISREG(PL_statbuf.st_mode)) {
3401 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script not plain file\n");
3403 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_IWOTH)
3404 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid/gid script is writable by world");
3405 PL_doswitches = FALSE; /* -s is insecure in suid */
3406 /* PSz 13 Nov 03 But -s was caught elsewhere ... so unsetting it here is useless(?!) */
3407 CopLINE_inc(PL_curcop);
3408 if (sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0) == Nullch ||
3409 strnNE(SvPV(PL_linestr,n_a),"#!",2) ) /* required even on Sys V */
3410 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No #! line");
3411 s = SvPV(PL_linestr,n_a)+2;
3413 /* Sanity check on line length */
3414 if (strlen(s) < 1 || strlen(s) > 4000)
3415 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Very long #! line");
3416 /* Allow more than a single space after #! */
3417 while (isSPACE(*s)) s++;
3418 /* Sanity check on buffer end */
3419 while ((*s) && !isSPACE(*s)) s++;
3420 for (s2 = s; (s2 > SvPV(PL_linestr,n_a)+2 &&
3421 (isDIGIT(s2[-1]) || strchr("._-", s2[-1]))); s2--) ;
3422 /* Sanity check on buffer start */
3423 if ( (s2-4 < SvPV(PL_linestr,n_a)+2 || strnNE(s2-4,"perl",4)) &&
3424 (s-9 < SvPV(PL_linestr,n_a)+2 || strnNE(s-9,"perl",4)) )
3425 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Not a perl script");
3426 while (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t') s++;
3428 * #! arg must be what we saw above. They can invoke it by
3429 * mentioning suidperl explicitly, but they may not add any strange
3430 * arguments beyond what #! says if they do invoke suidperl that way.
3433 * The way validarg was set up, we rely on the kernel to start
3434 * scripts with argv[1] set to contain all #! line switches (the
3438 * Check that we got all the arguments listed in the #! line (not
3439 * just that there are no extraneous arguments). Might not matter
3440 * much, as switches from #! line seem to be acted upon (also), and
3441 * so may be checked and trapped in perl. But, security checks must
3442 * be done in suidperl and not deferred to perl. Note that suidperl
3443 * does not get around to parsing (and checking) the switches on
3444 * the #! line (but execs perl sooner).
3445 * Allow (require) a trailing newline (which may be of two
3446 * characters on some architectures?) (but no other trailing
3449 len = strlen(validarg);
3450 if (strEQ(validarg," PHOOEY ") ||
3451 strnNE(s,validarg,len) || !isSPACE(s[len]) ||
3452 !(strlen(s) == len+1 || (strlen(s) == len+2 && isSPACE(s[len+1]))))
3453 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Args must match #! line");
3456 if (PL_fdscript < 0 &&
3457 PL_euid != PL_uid && (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID) &&
3458 PL_euid == PL_statbuf.st_uid)
3460 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "YOU HAVEN'T DISABLED SET-ID SCRIPTS IN THE KERNEL YET!\n\
3461 FIX YOUR KERNEL, OR PUT A C WRAPPER AROUND THIS SCRIPT!\n");
3462 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3464 if (PL_fdscript < 0 &&
3465 PL_euid) { /* oops, we're not the setuid root perl */
3467 * When root runs a setuid script, we do not go through the same
3468 * steps of execing sperl and then perl with fd scripts, but
3469 * simply set up UIDs within the same perl invocation; so do
3470 * not have the same checks (on options, whatever) that we have
3471 * for plain users. No problem really: would have to be a script
3472 * that does not actually work for plain users; and if root is
3473 * foolish and can be persuaded to run such an unsafe script, he
3474 * might run also non-setuid ones, and deserves what he gets.
3476 * Or, we might drop the PL_euid check above (and rely just on
3477 * PL_fdscript to avoid loops), and do the execs
3483 * Pass fd script to suidperl.
3484 * Exec suidperl, substituting fd script for scriptname.
3485 * Pass script name as "subdir" of fd, which perl will grok;
3486 * in fact will use that to distinguish this from "normal"
3487 * usage, see comments above.
3489 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
3490 PerlLIO_lseek(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),(Off_t)0,0); /* just in case rewind didn't */
3491 /* PSz 27 Feb 04 Sanity checks on scriptname */
3492 if ((!scriptname) || (!*scriptname) ) {
3493 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No setuid script name\n");
3495 if (*scriptname == '-') {
3496 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script name may not begin with dash\n");
3497 /* Or we might confuse it with an option when replacing
3498 * name in argument list, below (though we do pointer, not
3499 * string, comparisons).
3502 for (which = 1; PL_origargv[which] && PL_origargv[which] != scriptname; which++) ;
3503 if (!PL_origargv[which]) {
3504 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't change argv to have fd script\n");
3506 PL_origargv[which] = savepv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "/dev/fd/%d/%s",
3507 PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp), PL_origargv[which]));
3508 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3509 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,0); /* ensure no close-on-exec */
3512 PerlProc_execv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s/sperl"PERL_FS_VER_FMT, BIN_EXP,
3513 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
3514 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION), PL_origargv);
3516 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3517 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setuid (cannot exec sperl)\n");
3520 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISGID && PL_statbuf.st_gid != PL_egid) {
3522 * This seems back to front: we try HAS_SETEGID first; if not available
3523 * then try HAS_SETREGID; as a last chance we try HAS_SETRESGID. May be OK
3524 * in the sense that we only want to set EGID; but are there any machines
3525 * with either of the latter, but not the former? Same with UID, later.
3528 (void)setegid(PL_statbuf.st_gid);
3531 (void)setregid((Gid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_gid);
3533 #ifdef HAS_SETRESGID
3534 (void)setresgid((Gid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_gid,(Gid_t)-1);
3536 PerlProc_setgid(PL_statbuf.st_gid);
3540 if (PerlProc_getegid() != PL_statbuf.st_gid)
3541 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setegid!\n");
3543 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID) {
3544 if (PL_statbuf.st_uid != PL_euid)
3546 (void)seteuid(PL_statbuf.st_uid); /* all that for this */
3549 (void)setreuid((Uid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_uid);
3551 #ifdef HAS_SETRESUID
3552 (void)setresuid((Uid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_uid,(Uid_t)-1);
3554 PerlProc_setuid(PL_statbuf.st_uid);
3558 if (PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_statbuf.st_uid)
3559 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do seteuid!\n");
3561 else if (PL_uid) { /* oops, mustn't run as root */
3563 (void)seteuid((Uid_t)PL_uid);
3566 (void)setreuid((Uid_t)-1,(Uid_t)PL_uid);
3568 #ifdef HAS_SETRESUID
3569 (void)setresuid((Uid_t)-1,(Uid_t)PL_uid,(Uid_t)-1);
3571 PerlProc_setuid((Uid_t)PL_uid);
3575 if (PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_uid)
3576 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do seteuid!\n");
3579 if (!cando(S_IXUSR,TRUE,&PL_statbuf))
3580 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Effective UID cannot exec script\n"); /* they can't do this */
3583 else if (PL_preprocess) /* PSz 13 Nov 03 Caught elsewhere, useless(?!) here */
3584 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "-P not allowed for setuid/setgid script\n");
3585 else if (PL_fdscript < 0 || PL_suidscript != 1)
3586 /* PSz 13 Nov 03 Caught elsewhere, useless(?!) here */
3587 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "(suid) fdscript needed in suidperl\n");
3589 /* PSz 16 Sep 03 Keep neat error message */
3590 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Script is not setuid/setgid in suidperl\n");
3593 /* We absolutely must clear out any saved ids here, so we */
3594 /* exec the real perl, substituting fd script for scriptname. */
3595 /* (We pass script name as "subdir" of fd, which perl will grok.) */
3597 * It might be thought that using setresgid and/or setresuid (changed to
3598 * set the saved IDs) above might obviate the need to exec, and we could
3599 * go on to "do the perl thing".
3601 * Is there such a thing as "saved GID", and is that set for setuid (but
3602 * not setgid) execution like suidperl? Without exec, it would not be
3603 * cleared for setuid (but not setgid) scripts (or might need a dummy
3606 * We need suidperl to do the exact same argument checking that perl
3607 * does. Thus it cannot be very small; while it could be significantly
3608 * smaller, it is safer (simpler?) to make it essentially the same
3609 * binary as perl (but they are not identical). - Maybe could defer that
3610 * check to the invoked perl, and suidperl be a tiny wrapper instead;
3611 * but prefer to do thorough checks in suidperl itself. Such deferral
3612 * would make suidperl security rely on perl, a design no-no.
3614 * Setuid things should be short and simple, thus easy to understand and
3615 * verify. They should do their "own thing", without influence by
3616 * attackers. It may help if their internal execution flow is fixed,
3617 * regardless of platform: it may be best to exec anyway.
3619 * Suidperl should at least be conceptually simple: a wrapper only,
3620 * never to do any real perl. Maybe we should put
3622 * Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Suidperl should never do real perl\n");
3624 * into the perly bits.
3626 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
3627 PerlLIO_lseek(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),(Off_t)0,0); /* just in case rewind didn't */
3629 * Keep original arguments: suidperl already has fd script.
3631 /* for (which = 1; PL_origargv[which] && PL_origargv[which] != scriptname; which++) ; */
3632 /* if (!PL_origargv[which]) { */
3633 /* errno = EPERM; */
3634 /* Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Permission denied\n"); */
3636 /* PL_origargv[which] = savepv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "/dev/fd/%d/%s", */
3637 /* PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp), PL_origargv[which])); */
3638 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3639 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,0); /* ensure no close-on-exec */
3642 PerlProc_execv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s/perl"PERL_FS_VER_FMT, BIN_EXP,
3643 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
3644 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION), PL_origargv);/* try again */
3646 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setuid (suidperl cannot exec perl)\n");
3647 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3649 if (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid) { /* (suidperl doesn't exist, in fact) */
3650 #ifndef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
3651 PerlLIO_fstat(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),&PL_statbuf); /* may be either wrapped or real suid */
3652 if ((PL_euid != PL_uid && PL_euid == PL_statbuf.st_uid && PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID)
3654 (PL_egid != PL_gid && PL_egid == PL_statbuf.st_gid && PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISGID)
3657 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "YOU HAVEN'T DISABLED SET-ID SCRIPTS IN THE KERNEL YET!\n\
3658 FIX YOUR KERNEL, PUT A C WRAPPER AROUND THIS SCRIPT, OR USE -u AND UNDUMP!\n");
3659 #endif /* SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW */
3660 /* not set-id, must be wrapped */
3666 S_find_beginning(pTHX)
3668 register char *s, *s2;
3669 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3673 /* skip forward in input to the real script? */
3676 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3677 /* Since the Mac OS does not honor #! arguments for us, we do it ourselves */
3679 while (PL_doextract || gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
3680 if ((s = sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0)) == Nullch) {
3681 if (!gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract)
3682 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No Perl script found in input\n");
3684 if (PL_doextract) /* require explicit override ? */
3685 if (!OverrideExtract(PL_origfilename))
3686 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "User aborted script\n");
3688 PL_doextract = FALSE;
3690 /* Pater peccavi, file does not have #! */
3691 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
3696 while (PL_doextract) {
3697 if ((s = sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0)) == Nullch)
3698 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No Perl script found in input\n");
3701 if (*s == '#' && s[1] == '!' && ((s = instr(s,"perl")) || (s = instr(s2,"PERL")))) {
3702 PerlIO_ungetc(PL_rsfp, '\n'); /* to keep line count right */
3703 PL_doextract = FALSE;
3704 while (*s && !(isSPACE (*s) || *s == '#')) s++;
3706 while (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t') s++;
3708 while (isDIGIT(s2[-1]) || strchr("-._", s2[-1])) s2--;
3709 if (strnEQ(s2-4,"perl",4))
3711 while ((s = moreswitches(s)))
3714 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3715 /* We are always searching for the #!perl line in MacPerl,
3716 * so if we find it, still keep the line count correct
3717 * by counting lines we already skipped over
3719 for (; maclines > 0 ; maclines--)
3720 PerlIO_ungetc(PL_rsfp, '\n');
3724 /* gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract is false in MPW tool */
3725 } else if (gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
3736 PL_uid = PerlProc_getuid();
3737 PL_euid = PerlProc_geteuid();
3738 PL_gid = PerlProc_getgid();
3739 PL_egid = PerlProc_getegid();
3741 PL_uid |= PL_gid << 16;
3742 PL_euid |= PL_egid << 16;
3744 /* Should not happen: */
3745 CHECK_MALLOC_TAINT(PL_uid && (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid));
3746 PL_tainting |= (PL_uid && (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid));
3749 * Should go by suidscript, not uid!=euid: why disallow
3750 * system("ls") in scripts run from setuid things?
3751 * Or, is this run before we check arguments and set suidscript?
3752 * What about SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW: could we use fdscript then?
3753 * (We never have suidscript, can we be sure to have fdscript?)
3754 * Or must then go by UID checks? See comments in forbid_setid also.
3758 /* This is used very early in the lifetime of the program,
3759 * before even the options are parsed, so PL_tainting has
3760 * not been initialized properly. */
3762 Perl_doing_taint(int argc, char *argv[], char *envp[])
3764 #ifndef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
3765 /* If we have PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS we can't call getuid() et alia
3766 * before we have an interpreter-- and the whole point of this
3767 * function is to be called at such an early stage. If you are on
3768 * a system with PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS but you do have a concept of
3769 * "tainted because running with altered effective ids', you'll
3770 * have to add your own checks somewhere in here. The two most
3771 * known samples of 'implicitness' are Win32 and NetWare, neither
3772 * of which has much of concept of 'uids'. */
3773 int uid = PerlProc_getuid();
3774 int euid = PerlProc_geteuid();
3775 int gid = PerlProc_getgid();
3776 int egid = PerlProc_getegid();
3782 if (uid && (euid != uid || egid != gid))
3784 #endif /* !PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS */
3785 /* This is a really primitive check; environment gets ignored only
3786 * if -T are the first chars together; otherwise one gets
3787 * "Too late" message. */
3788 if ( argc > 1 && argv[1][0] == '-'
3789 && (argv[1][1] == 't' || argv[1][1] == 'T') )
3795 S_forbid_setid(pTHX_ char *s)
3797 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
3798 if (PL_euid != PL_uid)
3799 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed while running setuid", s);
3800 if (PL_egid != PL_gid)
3801 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed while running setgid", s);
3802 #endif /* SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW */
3804 * Checks for UID/GID above "wrong": why disallow
3805 * perl -e 'print "Hello\n"'
3806 * from within setuid things?? Simply drop them: replaced by
3807 * fdscript/suidscript and #ifdef IAMSUID checks below.
3809 * This may be too late for command-line switches. Will catch those on
3810 * the #! line, after finding the script name and setting up
3811 * fdscript/suidscript. Note that suidperl does not get around to
3812 * parsing (and checking) the switches on the #! line, but checks that
3813 * the two sets are identical.
3815 * With SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW, could we use fdscript, also or
3816 * instead, or would that be "too late"? (We never have suidscript, can
3817 * we be sure to have fdscript?)
3819 * Catch things with suidscript (in descendant of suidperl), even with
3820 * right UID/GID. Was already checked in suidperl, with #ifdef IAMSUID,
3821 * below; but I am paranoid.
3823 * Also see comments about root running a setuid script, elsewhere.
3825 if (PL_suidscript >= 0)
3826 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed with (suid) fdscript", s);
3828 /* PSz 11 Nov 03 Catch it in suidperl, always! */
3829 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed in suidperl", s);
3830 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3834 Perl_init_debugger(pTHX)
3836 HV *ostash = PL_curstash;
3838 PL_curstash = PL_debstash;
3839 PL_dbargs = GvAV(gv_AVadd((gv_fetchpv("DB::args", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVAV))));
3840 AvREAL_off(PL_dbargs);
3841 PL_DBgv = gv_fetchpv("DB::DB", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVGV);
3842 PL_DBline = gv_fetchpv("DB::dbline", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVAV);
3843 PL_DBsub = gv_HVadd(gv_fetchpv("DB::sub", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
3844 sv_upgrade(GvSV(PL_DBsub), SVt_IV); /* IVX accessed if PERLDB_SUB_NN */
3845 PL_DBsingle = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("DB::single", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
3846 sv_setiv(PL_DBsingle, 0);
3847 PL_DBtrace = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("DB::trace", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
3848 sv_setiv(PL_DBtrace, 0);
3849 PL_DBsignal = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("DB::signal", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
3850 sv_setiv(PL_DBsignal, 0);
3851 PL_DBassertion = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("DB::assertion", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
3852 sv_setiv(PL_DBassertion, 0);
3853 PL_curstash = ostash;
3856 #ifndef STRESS_REALLOC
3857 #define REASONABLE(size) (size)
3859 #define REASONABLE(size) (1) /* unreasonable */
3863 Perl_init_stacks(pTHX)
3865 /* start with 128-item stack and 8K cxstack */
3866 PL_curstackinfo = new_stackinfo(REASONABLE(128),
3867 REASONABLE(8192/sizeof(PERL_CONTEXT) - 1));
3868 PL_curstackinfo->si_type = PERLSI_MAIN;
3869 PL_curstack = PL_curstackinfo->si_stack;
3870 PL_mainstack = PL_curstack; /* remember in case we switch stacks */
3872 PL_stack_base = AvARRAY(PL_curstack);
3873 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base;
3874 PL_stack_max = PL_stack_base + AvMAX(PL_curstack);
3876 New(50,PL_tmps_stack,REASONABLE(128),SV*);
3879 PL_tmps_max = REASONABLE(128);
3881 New(54,PL_markstack,REASONABLE(32),I32);
3882 PL_markstack_ptr = PL_markstack;
3883 PL_markstack_max = PL_markstack + REASONABLE(32);
3887 New(54,PL_scopestack,REASONABLE(32),I32);
3888 PL_scopestack_ix = 0;
3889 PL_scopestack_max = REASONABLE(32);
3891 New(54,PL_savestack,REASONABLE(128),ANY);
3892 PL_savestack_ix = 0;
3893 PL_savestack_max = REASONABLE(128);
3895 New(54,PL_retstack,REASONABLE(16),OP*);
3897 PL_retstack_max = REASONABLE(16);
3905 while (PL_curstackinfo->si_next)
3906 PL_curstackinfo = PL_curstackinfo->si_next;
3907 while (PL_curstackinfo) {
3908 PERL_SI *p = PL_curstackinfo->si_prev;
3909 /* curstackinfo->si_stack got nuked by sv_free_arenas() */
3910 Safefree(PL_curstackinfo->si_cxstack);
3911 Safefree(PL_curstackinfo);
3912 PL_curstackinfo = p;
3914 Safefree(PL_tmps_stack);
3915 Safefree(PL_markstack);
3916 Safefree(PL_scopestack);
3917 Safefree(PL_savestack);
3918 Safefree(PL_retstack);
3927 lex_start(PL_linestr);
3929 PL_subname = newSVpvn("main",4);
3933 S_init_predump_symbols(pTHX)
3938 sv_setpvn(get_sv("\"", TRUE), " ", 1);
3939 PL_stdingv = gv_fetchpv("STDIN",TRUE, SVt_PVIO);
3940 GvMULTI_on(PL_stdingv);
3941 io = GvIOp(PL_stdingv);
3942 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_RDONLY;
3943 IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stdin();
3944 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("stdin",TRUE, SVt_PV);
3946 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc(io);
3948 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("STDOUT",TRUE, SVt_PVIO);
3951 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_WRONLY;
3952 IoOFP(io) = IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stdout();
3954 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("stdout",TRUE, SVt_PV);
3956 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc(io);
3958 PL_stderrgv = gv_fetchpv("STDERR",TRUE, SVt_PVIO);
3959 GvMULTI_on(PL_stderrgv);
3960 io = GvIOp(PL_stderrgv);
3961 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_WRONLY;
3962 IoOFP(io) = IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stderr();
3963 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("stderr",TRUE, SVt_PV);
3965 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc(io);
3967 PL_statname = NEWSV(66,0); /* last filename we did stat on */
3970 Safefree(PL_osname);
3971 PL_osname = savepv(OSNAME);
3975 Perl_init_argv_symbols(pTHX_ register int argc, register char **argv)
3978 argc--,argv++; /* skip name of script */
3979 if (PL_doswitches) {
3980 for (; argc > 0 && **argv == '-'; argc--,argv++) {
3983 if (argv[0][1] == '-' && !argv[0][2]) {
3987 if ((s = strchr(argv[0], '='))) {
3989 sv_setpv(GvSV(gv_fetchpv(argv[0]+1,TRUE, SVt_PV)),s);
3992 sv_setiv(GvSV(gv_fetchpv(argv[0]+1,TRUE, SVt_PV)),1);
3995 if ((PL_argvgv = gv_fetchpv("ARGV",TRUE, SVt_PVAV))) {
3996 GvMULTI_on(PL_argvgv);
3997 (void)gv_AVadd(PL_argvgv);
3998 av_clear(GvAVn(PL_argvgv));
3999 for (; argc > 0; argc--,argv++) {
4000 SV *sv = newSVpv(argv[0],0);
4001 av_push(GvAVn(PL_argvgv),sv);
4002 if (!(PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_LOCALE_FLAG) || PL_utf8locale) {
4003 if (PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_ARGV_FLAG)
4006 if (PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_WIDESYSCALLS_FLAG) /* Sarathy? */
4007 (void)sv_utf8_decode(sv);
4012 #ifdef HAS_PROCSELFEXE
4013 /* This is a function so that we don't hold on to MAXPATHLEN
4014 bytes of stack longer than necessary
4017 S_procself_val(pTHX_ SV *sv, char *arg0)
4019 char buf[MAXPATHLEN];
4020 int len = readlink(PROCSELFEXE_PATH, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);
4022 /* On Playstation2 Linux V1.0 (kernel 2.2.1) readlink(/proc/self/exe)
4023 includes a spurious NUL which will cause $^X to fail in system
4024 or backticks (this will prevent extensions from being built and
4025 many tests from working). readlink is not meant to add a NUL.
4026 Normal readlink works fine.
4028 if (len > 0 && buf[len-1] == '\0') {
4032 /* FreeBSD's implementation is acknowledged to be imperfect, sometimes
4033 returning the text "unknown" from the readlink rather than the path
4034 to the executable (or returning an error from the readlink). Any valid
4035 path has a '/' in it somewhere, so use that to validate the result.
4036 See http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/query-pr.cgi?pr=35703
4038 if (len > 0 && memchr(buf, '/', len)) {
4039 sv_setpvn(sv,buf,len);
4045 #endif /* HAS_PROCSELFEXE */
4048 S_init_postdump_symbols(pTHX_ register int argc, register char **argv, register char **env)
4054 PL_toptarget = NEWSV(0,0);
4055 sv_upgrade(PL_toptarget, SVt_PVFM);
4056 sv_setpvn(PL_toptarget, "", 0);
4057 PL_bodytarget = NEWSV(0,0);
4058 sv_upgrade(PL_bodytarget, SVt_PVFM);
4059 sv_setpvn(PL_bodytarget, "", 0);
4060 PL_formtarget = PL_bodytarget;
4064 init_argv_symbols(argc,argv);
4066 if ((tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("0",TRUE, SVt_PV))) {
4067 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4068 /* $0 is not majick on a Mac */
4069 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv),MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
4071 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv),PL_origfilename);
4072 magicname("0", "0", 1);
4075 if ((tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("\030",TRUE, SVt_PV))) {/* $^X */
4076 #ifdef HAS_PROCSELFEXE
4077 S_procself_val(aTHX_ GvSV(tmpgv), PL_origargv[0]);
4080 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv), os2_execname(aTHX));
4082 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv),PL_origargv[0]);
4086 if ((PL_envgv = gv_fetchpv("ENV",TRUE, SVt_PVHV))) {
4088 GvMULTI_on(PL_envgv);
4089 hv = GvHVn(PL_envgv);
4090 hv_magic(hv, Nullgv, PERL_MAGIC_env);
4092 #ifdef USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY
4093 /* Note that if the supplied env parameter is actually a copy
4094 of the global environ then it may now point to free'd memory
4095 if the environment has been modified since. To avoid this
4096 problem we treat env==NULL as meaning 'use the default'
4101 # ifdef USE_ITHREADS
4102 && PL_curinterp == aTHX
4106 environ[0] = Nullch;
4109 for (; *env; env++) {
4110 if (!(s = strchr(*env,'=')))
4112 #if defined(MSDOS) && !defined(DJGPP)
4117 sv = newSVpv(s+1, 0);
4118 (void)hv_store(hv, *env, s - *env, sv, 0);
4122 #endif /* USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY */
4123 #endif /* !PERL_MICRO */
4126 if ((tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("$",TRUE, SVt_PV))) {
4127 SvREADONLY_off(GvSV(tmpgv));
4128 sv_setiv(GvSV(tmpgv), (IV)PerlProc_getpid());
4129 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(tmpgv));
4131 #ifdef THREADS_HAVE_PIDS
4132 PL_ppid = (IV)getppid();
4135 /* touch @F array to prevent spurious warnings 20020415 MJD */
4137 (void) get_av("main::F", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4139 /* touch @- and @+ arrays to prevent spurious warnings 20020415 MJD */
4140 (void) get_av("main::-", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4141 (void) get_av("main::+", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4145 S_init_perllib(pTHX)
4150 s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL5LIB");
4152 incpush(s, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4154 incpush(PerlEnv_getenv("PERLLIB"), FALSE, FALSE, TRUE);
4156 /* Treat PERL5?LIB as a possible search list logical name -- the
4157 * "natural" VMS idiom for a Unix path string. We allow each
4158 * element to be a set of |-separated directories for compatibility.
4162 if (my_trnlnm("PERL5LIB",buf,0))
4163 do { incpush(buf,TRUE,TRUE,TRUE); } while (my_trnlnm("PERL5LIB",buf,++idx));
4165 while (my_trnlnm("PERLLIB",buf,idx++)) incpush(buf,FALSE,FALSE,TRUE);
4169 /* Use the ~-expanded versions of APPLLIB (undocumented),
4170 ARCHLIB PRIVLIB SITEARCH SITELIB VENDORARCH and VENDORLIB
4173 incpush(APPLLIB_EXP, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4177 incpush(ARCHLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE);
4179 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4182 SV * privdir = NEWSV(55, 0);
4183 char * macperl = PerlEnv_getenv("MACPERL");
4188 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ privdir, "%slib:", macperl);
4189 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(privdir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 && S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode))
4190 incpush(SvPVX(privdir), TRUE, FALSE, TRUE);
4191 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ privdir, "%ssite_perl:", macperl);
4192 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(privdir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 && S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode))
4193 incpush(SvPVX(privdir), TRUE, FALSE, TRUE);
4195 SvREFCNT_dec(privdir);
4198 incpush(":", FALSE, FALSE, TRUE);
4201 # define PRIVLIB_EXP "/usr/local/lib/perl5:/usr/local/lib/perl"
4204 incpush(PRIVLIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE);
4206 incpush(PRIVLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE);
4210 /* sitearch is always relative to sitelib on Windows for
4211 * DLL-based path intuition to work correctly */
4212 # if !defined(WIN32)
4213 incpush(SITEARCH_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE);
4219 /* this picks up sitearch as well */
4220 incpush(SITELIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE);
4222 incpush(SITELIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE);
4226 #ifdef SITELIB_STEM /* Search for version-specific dirs below here */
4227 incpush(SITELIB_STEM, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4230 #ifdef PERL_VENDORARCH_EXP
4231 /* vendorarch is always relative to vendorlib on Windows for
4232 * DLL-based path intuition to work correctly */
4233 # if !defined(WIN32)
4234 incpush(PERL_VENDORARCH_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE);
4238 #ifdef PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP
4240 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE); /* this picks up vendorarch as well */
4242 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE);
4246 #ifdef PERL_VENDORLIB_STEM /* Search for version-specific dirs below here */
4247 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_STEM, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4250 #ifdef PERL_OTHERLIBDIRS
4251 incpush(PERL_OTHERLIBDIRS, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4255 incpush(".", FALSE, FALSE, TRUE);
4256 #endif /* MACOS_TRADITIONAL */
4259 #if defined(DOSISH) || defined(EPOC)
4260 # define PERLLIB_SEP ';'
4263 # define PERLLIB_SEP '|'
4265 # if defined(MACOS_TRADITIONAL)
4266 # define PERLLIB_SEP ','
4268 # define PERLLIB_SEP ':'
4272 #ifndef PERLLIB_MANGLE
4273 # define PERLLIB_MANGLE(s,n) (s)
4277 S_incpush(pTHX_ char *p, int addsubdirs, int addoldvers, int usesep)
4279 SV *subdir = Nullsv;
4284 if (addsubdirs || addoldvers) {
4285 subdir = sv_newmortal();
4288 /* Break at all separators */
4290 SV *libdir = NEWSV(55,0);
4293 /* skip any consecutive separators */
4295 while ( *p == PERLLIB_SEP ) {
4296 /* Uncomment the next line for PATH semantics */
4297 /* av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), newSVpvn(".", 1)); */
4302 if ( usesep && (s = strchr(p, PERLLIB_SEP)) != Nullch ) {
4303 sv_setpvn(libdir, PERLLIB_MANGLE(p, (STRLEN)(s - p)),
4308 sv_setpv(libdir, PERLLIB_MANGLE(p, 0));
4309 p = Nullch; /* break out */
4311 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4312 if (!strchr(SvPVX(libdir), ':')) {
4315 sv_setpv(libdir, MacPerl_CanonDir(SvPVX(libdir), buf, 0));
4317 if (SvPVX(libdir)[SvCUR(libdir)-1] != ':')
4318 sv_catpv(libdir, ":");
4322 * BEFORE pushing libdir onto @INC we may first push version- and
4323 * archname-specific sub-directories.
4325 if (addsubdirs || addoldvers) {
4326 #ifdef PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST
4327 /* Configure terminates PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST with a NULL */
4328 const char *incverlist[] = { PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST };
4329 const char **incver;
4336 if ((unix = tounixspec_ts(SvPV(libdir,len),Nullch)) != Nullch) {
4338 while (unix[len-1] == '/') len--; /* Cosmetic */
4339 sv_usepvn(libdir,unix,len);
4342 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log,
4343 "Failed to unixify @INC element \"%s\"\n",
4347 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4348 #define PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT ""
4349 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT "%s:"
4350 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_FS_VER_FMT PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT
4352 #define PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT "/"
4353 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT "/%s"
4354 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT PERL_FS_VER_FMT
4356 /* .../version/archname if -d .../version/archname */
4357 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_ARCH_FMT,
4359 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
4360 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION, ARCHNAME);
4361 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(subdir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 &&
4362 S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode))
4363 av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), newSVsv(subdir));
4365 /* .../version if -d .../version */
4366 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH, libdir,
4367 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
4368 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION);
4369 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(subdir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 &&
4370 S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode))
4371 av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), newSVsv(subdir));
4373 /* .../archname if -d .../archname */
4374 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT, libdir, ARCHNAME);
4375 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(subdir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 &&
4376 S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode))
4377 av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), newSVsv(subdir));
4380 #ifdef PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST
4382 for (incver = incverlist; *incver; incver++) {
4383 /* .../xxx if -d .../xxx */
4384 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT, libdir, *incver);
4385 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(subdir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 &&
4386 S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode))
4387 av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), newSVsv(subdir));
4393 /* finally push this lib directory on the end of @INC */
4394 av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), libdir);
4398 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
4399 STATIC struct perl_thread *
4400 S_init_main_thread(pTHX)
4402 #if !defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
4403 struct perl_thread *thr;
4407 Newz(53, thr, 1, struct perl_thread);
4408 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
4409 thr->interp = PERL_GET_INTERP;
4410 thr->cvcache = newHV();
4411 thr->threadsv = newAV();
4412 /* thr->threadsvp is set when find_threadsv is called */
4413 thr->specific = newAV();
4414 thr->flags = THRf_R_JOINABLE;
4415 MUTEX_INIT(&thr->mutex);
4416 /* Handcraft thrsv similarly to mess_sv */
4417 New(53, PL_thrsv, 1, SV);
4418 Newz(53, xpv, 1, XPV);
4419 SvFLAGS(PL_thrsv) = SVt_PV;
4420 SvANY(PL_thrsv) = (void*)xpv;
4421 SvREFCNT(PL_thrsv) = 1 << 30; /* practically infinite */
4422 SvPVX(PL_thrsv) = (char*)thr;
4423 SvCUR_set(PL_thrsv, sizeof(thr));
4424 SvLEN_set(PL_thrsv, sizeof(thr));
4425 *SvEND(PL_thrsv) = '\0'; /* in the trailing_nul field */
4426 thr->oursv = PL_thrsv;
4427 PL_chopset = " \n-";
4430 MUTEX_LOCK(&PL_threads_mutex);
4436 MUTEX_UNLOCK(&PL_threads_mutex);
4438 #ifdef HAVE_THREAD_INTERN
4439 Perl_init_thread_intern(thr);
4442 #ifdef SET_THREAD_SELF
4443 SET_THREAD_SELF(thr);
4445 thr->self = pthread_self();
4446 #endif /* SET_THREAD_SELF */
4450 * These must come after the thread self setting
4451 * because sv_setpvn does SvTAINT and the taint
4452 * fields thread selfness being set.
4454 PL_toptarget = NEWSV(0,0);
4455 sv_upgrade(PL_toptarget, SVt_PVFM);
4456 sv_setpvn(PL_toptarget, "", 0);
4457 PL_bodytarget = NEWSV(0,0);
4458 sv_upgrade(PL_bodytarget, SVt_PVFM);
4459 sv_setpvn(PL_bodytarget, "", 0);
4460 PL_formtarget = PL_bodytarget;
4461 thr->errsv = newSVpvn("", 0);
4462 (void) find_threadsv("@"); /* Ensure $@ is initialised early */
4465 PL_peepp = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_peep);
4466 PL_regcompp = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_pregcomp);
4467 PL_regexecp = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_regexec_flags);
4468 PL_regint_start = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_re_intuit_start);
4469 PL_regint_string = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_re_intuit_string);
4470 PL_regfree = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_pregfree);
4472 PL_reginterp_cnt = 0;
4476 #endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
4479 Perl_call_list(pTHX_ I32 oldscope, AV *paramList)
4482 line_t oldline = CopLINE(PL_curcop);
4488 while (AvFILL(paramList) >= 0) {
4489 cv = (CV*)av_shift(paramList);
4491 if (paramList == PL_beginav) {
4492 /* save PL_beginav for compiler */
4493 if (! PL_beginav_save)
4494 PL_beginav_save = newAV();
4495 av_push(PL_beginav_save, (SV*)cv);
4497 else if (paramList == PL_checkav) {
4498 /* save PL_checkav for compiler */
4499 if (! PL_checkav_save)
4500 PL_checkav_save = newAV();
4501 av_push(PL_checkav_save, (SV*)cv);
4506 #ifdef PERL_FLEXIBLE_EXCEPTIONS
4507 CALLPROTECT(aTHX_ pcur_env, &ret, MEMBER_TO_FPTR(S_vcall_list_body), cv);
4513 #ifndef PERL_FLEXIBLE_EXCEPTIONS
4517 (void)SvPV(atsv, len);
4519 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
4520 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
4521 if (paramList == PL_beginav)
4522 sv_catpv(atsv, "BEGIN failed--compilation aborted");
4524 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ atsv,
4525 "%s failed--call queue aborted",
4526 paramList == PL_checkav ? "CHECK"
4527 : paramList == PL_initav ? "INIT"
4529 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
4532 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%"SVf"", atsv);
4539 /* my_exit() was called */
4540 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
4543 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
4544 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
4545 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
4547 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED)) {
4548 if (paramList == PL_beginav)
4549 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "BEGIN failed--compilation aborted");
4551 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s failed--call queue aborted",
4552 paramList == PL_checkav ? "CHECK"
4553 : paramList == PL_initav ? "INIT"
4560 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
4561 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
4564 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: restartop\n");
4572 #ifdef PERL_FLEXIBLE_EXCEPTIONS
4574 S_vcall_list_body(pTHX_ va_list args)
4576 CV *cv = va_arg(args, CV*);
4577 return call_list_body(cv);
4582 S_call_list_body(pTHX_ CV *cv)
4584 PUSHMARK(PL_stack_sp);
4585 call_sv((SV*)cv, G_EVAL|G_DISCARD);
4590 Perl_my_exit(pTHX_ U32 status)
4592 DEBUG_S(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "my_exit: thread %p, status %lu\n",
4593 thr, (unsigned long) status));
4602 STATUS_NATIVE_SET(status);
4609 Perl_my_failure_exit(pTHX)
4612 if (vaxc$errno & 1) {
4613 if (STATUS_NATIVE & 1) /* fortuitiously includes "-1" */
4614 STATUS_NATIVE_SET(44);
4617 if (!vaxc$errno) /* unlikely */
4618 STATUS_NATIVE_SET(44);
4620 STATUS_NATIVE_SET(vaxc$errno);
4625 STATUS_POSIX_SET(errno);
4627 exitstatus = STATUS_POSIX >> 8;
4628 if (exitstatus & 255)
4629 STATUS_POSIX_SET(exitstatus);
4631 STATUS_POSIX_SET(255);
4638 S_my_exit_jump(pTHX)
4640 register PERL_CONTEXT *cx;
4645 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
4646 PL_e_script = Nullsv;
4649 POPSTACK_TO(PL_mainstack);
4650 if (cxstack_ix >= 0) {
4653 POPBLOCK(cx,PL_curpm);
4661 read_e_script(pTHX_ int idx, SV *buf_sv, int maxlen)
4664 p = SvPVX(PL_e_script);
4665 nl = strchr(p, '\n');
4666 nl = (nl) ? nl+1 : SvEND(PL_e_script);
4668 filter_del(read_e_script);
4671 sv_catpvn(buf_sv, p, nl-p);
4672 sv_chop(PL_e_script, nl);