3 * Copyright (C) 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
4 * 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * "A ship then new they built for him/of mithril and of elven glass" --Bilbo
15 /* This file contains the top-level functions that are used to create, use
16 * and destroy a perl interpreter, plus the functions used by XS code to
17 * call back into perl. Note that it does not contain the actual main()
18 * function of the interpreter; that can be found in perlmain.c
23 * Be proud that perl(1) may proclaim:
24 * Setuid Perl scripts are safer than C programs ...
25 * Do not abandon (deprecate) suidperl. Do not advocate C wrappers.
27 * The flow was: perl starts, notices script is suid, execs suidperl with same
28 * arguments; suidperl opens script, checks many things, sets itself with
29 * right UID, execs perl with similar arguments but with script pre-opened on
30 * /dev/fd/xxx; perl checks script is as should be and does work. This was
31 * insecure: see perlsec(1) for many problems with this approach.
33 * The "correct" flow should be: perl starts, opens script and notices it is
34 * suid, checks many things, execs suidperl with similar arguments but with
35 * script on /dev/fd/xxx; suidperl checks script and /dev/fd/xxx object are
36 * same, checks arguments match #! line, sets itself with right UID, execs
37 * perl with same arguments; perl checks many things and does work.
39 * (Opening the script in perl instead of suidperl, we "lose" scripts that
40 * are readable to the target UID but not to the invoker. Where did
41 * unreadable scripts work anyway?)
43 * For now, suidperl and perl are pretty much the same large and cumbersome
44 * program, so suidperl can check its argument list (see comments elsewhere).
47 * Original bug report:
48 * http://bugs.perl.org/index.html?req=bug_id&bug_id=20010322.218
49 * http://rt.perl.org/rt2/Ticket/Display.html?id=6511
50 * Comments and discussion with Debian:
51 * http://bugs.debian.org/203426
52 * http://bugs.debian.org/220486
53 * Debian Security Advisory DSA 431-1 (does not fully fix problem):
54 * http://www.debian.org/security/2004/dsa-431
56 * http://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CAN-2003-0618
57 * Previous versions of this patch sent to perl5-porters:
58 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg71953.html
59 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75245.html
60 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75563.html
61 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75635.html
63 Paul Szabo - psz@maths.usyd.edu.au http://www.maths.usyd.edu.au:8000/u/psz/
64 School of Mathematics and Statistics University of Sydney 2006 Australia
68 * Use truthful, neat, specific error messages.
69 * Cannot always hide the truth; security must not depend on doing so.
73 * Use global(?), thread-local fdscript for easier checks.
74 * (I do not understand how we could possibly get a thread race:
75 * do not all threads go through the same initialization? Or in
76 * fact, are not threads started only after we get the script and
77 * so know what to do? Oh well, make things super-safe...)
81 #define PERL_IN_PERL_C
83 #include "patchlevel.h" /* for local_patches */
87 char *nw_get_sitelib(const char *pl);
90 /* XXX If this causes problems, set i_unistd=undef in the hint file. */
107 #if !defined(STANDARD_C) && !defined(HAS_GETENV_PROTOTYPE) && !defined(PERL_MICRO)
108 char *getenv (char *); /* Usually in <stdlib.h> */
111 static I32 read_e_script(pTHX_ int idx, SV *buf_sv, int maxlen);
119 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
126 S_init_tls_and_interp(PerlInterpreter *my_perl)
130 PERL_SET_INTERP(my_perl);
131 #if defined(USE_ITHREADS)
134 PERL_SET_THX(my_perl);
136 MUTEX_INIT(&PL_dollarzero_mutex);
140 PERL_SET_THX(my_perl);
144 #ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
146 perl_alloc_using(struct IPerlMem* ipM, struct IPerlMem* ipMS,
147 struct IPerlMem* ipMP, struct IPerlEnv* ipE,
148 struct IPerlStdIO* ipStd, struct IPerlLIO* ipLIO,
149 struct IPerlDir* ipD, struct IPerlSock* ipS,
150 struct IPerlProc* ipP)
152 PerlInterpreter *my_perl;
153 /* New() needs interpreter, so call malloc() instead */
154 my_perl = (PerlInterpreter*)(*ipM->pMalloc)(ipM, sizeof(PerlInterpreter));
155 S_init_tls_and_interp(my_perl);
156 Zero(my_perl, 1, PerlInterpreter);
172 =head1 Embedding Functions
174 =for apidoc perl_alloc
176 Allocates a new Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
184 PerlInterpreter *my_perl;
186 /* New() needs interpreter, so call malloc() instead */
187 my_perl = (PerlInterpreter*)PerlMem_malloc(sizeof(PerlInterpreter));
189 S_init_tls_and_interp(my_perl);
190 return (PerlInterpreter *) ZeroD(my_perl, 1, PerlInterpreter);
192 #endif /* PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS */
195 =for apidoc perl_construct
197 Initializes a new Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
203 perl_construct(pTHXx)
208 PL_perl_destruct_level = 1;
210 if (PL_perl_destruct_level > 0)
213 /* Init the real globals (and main thread)? */
215 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling; /* needed by ckWARN, right away */
217 PL_linestr = NEWSV(65,79);
218 sv_upgrade(PL_linestr,SVt_PVIV);
220 if (!SvREADONLY(&PL_sv_undef)) {
221 /* set read-only and try to insure than we wont see REFCNT==0
224 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_undef);
225 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_undef) = (~(U32)0)/2;
227 sv_setpv(&PL_sv_no,PL_No);
228 /* value lookup in void context - happens to have the side effect
229 of caching the numeric forms. */
232 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_no);
233 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_no) = (~(U32)0)/2;
235 sv_setpv(&PL_sv_yes,PL_Yes);
238 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_yes);
239 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_yes) = (~(U32)0)/2;
241 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_placeholder);
242 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_placeholder) = (~(U32)0)/2;
245 PL_sighandlerp = Perl_sighandler;
246 PL_pidstatus = newHV();
249 PL_rs = newSVpvn("\n", 1);
254 PL_lex_state = LEX_NOTPARSING;
260 SET_NUMERIC_STANDARD();
262 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
263 PL_localpatches = local_patches; /* For possible -v */
266 #ifdef HAVE_INTERP_INTERN
270 PerlIO_init(aTHX); /* Hook to IO system */
272 PL_fdpid = newAV(); /* for remembering popen pids by fd */
273 PL_modglobal = newHV(); /* pointers to per-interpreter module globals */
274 PL_errors = newSVpvn("",0);
275 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(0), "", 0); /* For regex debugging. */
276 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(1), "", 0); /* ext/re needs these */
277 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(2), "", 0); /* even without DEBUGGING. */
279 PL_regex_padav = newAV();
280 av_push(PL_regex_padav,(SV*)newAV()); /* First entry is an array of empty elements */
281 PL_regex_pad = AvARRAY(PL_regex_padav);
283 #ifdef USE_REENTRANT_API
284 Perl_reentrant_init(aTHX);
287 /* Note that strtab is a rather special HV. Assumptions are made
288 about not iterating on it, and not adding tie magic to it.
289 It is properly deallocated in perl_destruct() */
292 HvSHAREKEYS_off(PL_strtab); /* mandatory */
293 hv_ksplit(PL_strtab, 512);
295 #if defined(__DYNAMIC__) && (defined(NeXT) || defined(__NeXT__))
296 _dyld_lookup_and_bind
297 ("__environ", (unsigned long *) &environ_pointer, NULL);
301 # ifdef USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY
302 PL_origenviron = environ;
306 /* Use sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK) if available, if not
307 * available or if the sysconf() fails, use the HZ.
308 * BeOS has those, but returns the wrong value.
309 * The HZ if not originally defined has been by now
310 * been defined as CLK_TCK, if available. */
311 #if defined(HAS_SYSCONF) && defined(_SC_CLK_TCK) && !defined(__BEOS__)
312 PL_clocktick = sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK);
313 if (PL_clocktick <= 0)
317 PL_stashcache = newHV();
319 PL_patchlevel = newSVpv(
320 Perl_form(aTHX_ "%d.%d.%d",
323 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION ), 0
327 if (!PL_mmap_page_size) {
328 #if defined(HAS_SYSCONF) && (defined(_SC_PAGESIZE) || defined(_SC_MMAP_PAGE_SIZE))
330 SETERRNO(0, SS_NORMAL);
332 PL_mmap_page_size = sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE);
334 PL_mmap_page_size = sysconf(_SC_MMAP_PAGE_SIZE);
336 if ((long) PL_mmap_page_size < 0) {
339 (void) SvUPGRADE(error, SVt_PV);
340 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: sysconf: %s", SvPV_nolen_const(error));
343 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: sysconf: pagesize unknown");
347 # ifdef HAS_GETPAGESIZE
348 PL_mmap_page_size = getpagesize();
350 # if defined(I_SYS_PARAM) && defined(PAGESIZE)
351 PL_mmap_page_size = PAGESIZE; /* compiletime, bad */
355 if (PL_mmap_page_size <= 0)
356 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: bad pagesize %" IVdf,
357 (IV) PL_mmap_page_size);
359 #endif /* HAS_MMAP */
361 #if defined(HAS_TIMES) && defined(PERL_NEED_TIMESBASE)
362 PL_timesbase.tms_utime = 0;
363 PL_timesbase.tms_stime = 0;
364 PL_timesbase.tms_cutime = 0;
365 PL_timesbase.tms_cstime = 0;
372 =for apidoc nothreadhook
374 Stub that provides thread hook for perl_destruct when there are
381 Perl_nothreadhook(pTHX)
387 =for apidoc perl_destruct
389 Shuts down a Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
398 volatile int destruct_level; /* 0=none, 1=full, 2=full with checks */
401 /* wait for all pseudo-forked children to finish */
402 PERL_WAIT_FOR_CHILDREN;
404 destruct_level = PL_perl_destruct_level;
408 if ((s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL"))) {
409 const int i = atoi(s);
410 if (destruct_level < i)
416 if (PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_DESTRUCT_END) {
421 if (PL_endav && !PL_minus_c)
422 call_list(PL_scopestack_ix, PL_endav);
428 /* Need to flush since END blocks can produce output */
431 if (CALL_FPTR(PL_threadhook)(aTHX)) {
432 /* Threads hook has vetoed further cleanup */
433 return STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
436 /* We must account for everything. */
438 /* Destroy the main CV and syntax tree */
440 /* ensure comppad/curpad to refer to main's pad */
441 if (CvPADLIST(PL_main_cv)) {
442 PAD_SET_CUR_NOSAVE(CvPADLIST(PL_main_cv), 1);
444 op_free(PL_main_root);
445 PL_main_root = Nullop;
447 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
448 PL_main_start = Nullop;
449 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_main_cv);
453 /* Tell PerlIO we are about to tear things apart in case
454 we have layers which are using resources that should
458 PerlIO_destruct(aTHX);
460 if (PL_sv_objcount) {
462 * Try to destruct global references. We do this first so that the
463 * destructors and destructees still exist. Some sv's might remain.
464 * Non-referenced objects are on their own.
470 /* unhook hooks which will soon be, or use, destroyed data */
471 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_warnhook);
472 PL_warnhook = Nullsv;
473 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_diehook);
476 /* call exit list functions */
477 while (PL_exitlistlen-- > 0)
478 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].fn(aTHX_ PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].ptr);
480 Safefree(PL_exitlist);
485 if (destruct_level == 0){
487 DEBUG_P(debprofdump());
489 #if defined(PERLIO_LAYERS)
490 /* No more IO - including error messages ! */
491 PerlIO_cleanup(aTHX);
494 /* The exit() function will do everything that needs doing. */
495 return STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
498 /* jettison our possibly duplicated environment */
499 /* if PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV is defined environ will not have been copied
500 * so we certainly shouldn't free it here
503 #if defined(USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY) && !defined(PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV)
504 if (environ != PL_origenviron && !PL_use_safe_putenv
506 /* only main thread can free environ[0] contents */
507 && PL_curinterp == aTHX
513 for (i = 0; environ[i]; i++)
514 safesysfree(environ[i]);
516 /* Must use safesysfree() when working with environ. */
517 safesysfree(environ);
519 environ = PL_origenviron;
522 #endif /* !PERL_MICRO */
524 /* reset so print() ends up where we expect */
528 /* the syntax tree is shared between clones
529 * so op_free(PL_main_root) only ReREFCNT_dec's
530 * REGEXPs in the parent interpreter
531 * we need to manually ReREFCNT_dec for the clones
534 I32 i = AvFILLp(PL_regex_padav) + 1;
535 SV **ary = AvARRAY(PL_regex_padav);
540 if (SvFLAGS(resv) & SVf_BREAK) {
541 /* this is PL_reg_curpm, already freed
542 * flag is set in regexec.c:S_regtry
544 SvFLAGS(resv) &= ~SVf_BREAK;
546 else if(SvREPADTMP(resv)) {
547 SvREPADTMP_off(resv);
549 else if(SvIOKp(resv)) {
550 REGEXP *re = INT2PTR(REGEXP *,SvIVX(resv));
555 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_regex_padav);
556 PL_regex_padav = Nullav;
560 SvREFCNT_dec((SV*) PL_stashcache);
561 PL_stashcache = NULL;
563 /* loosen bonds of global variables */
566 (void)PerlIO_close(PL_rsfp);
570 /* Filters for program text */
571 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rsfp_filters);
572 PL_rsfp_filters = Nullav;
575 PL_preprocess = FALSE;
581 PL_doswitches = FALSE;
582 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_OFF;
583 PL_doextract = FALSE;
584 PL_sawampersand = FALSE; /* must save all match strings */
587 Safefree(PL_inplace);
589 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_patchlevel);
592 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
593 PL_e_script = Nullsv;
598 /* magical thingies */
600 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ofs_sv); /* $, */
603 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ors_sv); /* $\ */
606 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rs); /* $/ */
609 PL_multiline = 0; /* $* */
610 Safefree(PL_osname); /* $^O */
613 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_statname);
614 PL_statname = Nullsv;
617 /* defgv, aka *_ should be taken care of elsewhere */
619 /* clean up after study() */
620 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_lastscream);
621 PL_lastscream = Nullsv;
622 Safefree(PL_screamfirst);
624 Safefree(PL_screamnext);
628 Safefree(PL_efloatbuf);
629 PL_efloatbuf = Nullch;
632 /* startup and shutdown function lists */
633 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_beginav);
634 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_beginav_save);
635 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_endav);
636 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_checkav);
637 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_checkav_save);
638 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_initav);
640 PL_beginav_save = Nullav;
643 PL_checkav_save = Nullav;
646 /* shortcuts just get cleared */
652 PL_argvoutgv = Nullgv;
654 PL_stderrgv = Nullgv;
655 PL_last_in_gv = Nullgv;
660 PL_DBsingle = Nullsv;
662 PL_DBsignal = Nullsv;
663 PL_DBassertion = Nullsv;
666 PL_debstash = Nullhv;
668 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_argvout_stack);
669 PL_argvout_stack = Nullav;
671 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_modglobal);
672 PL_modglobal = Nullhv;
673 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_preambleav);
674 PL_preambleav = Nullav;
675 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_subname);
677 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_linestr);
679 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_pidstatus);
680 PL_pidstatus = Nullhv;
681 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_toptarget);
682 PL_toptarget = Nullsv;
683 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_bodytarget);
684 PL_bodytarget = Nullsv;
685 PL_formtarget = Nullsv;
687 /* free locale stuff */
688 #ifdef USE_LOCALE_COLLATE
689 Safefree(PL_collation_name);
690 PL_collation_name = Nullch;
693 #ifdef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC
694 Safefree(PL_numeric_name);
695 PL_numeric_name = Nullch;
696 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_numeric_radix_sv);
697 PL_numeric_radix_sv = Nullsv;
700 /* clear utf8 character classes */
701 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alnum);
702 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alnumc);
703 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_ascii);
704 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alpha);
705 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_space);
706 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_cntrl);
707 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_graph);
708 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_digit);
709 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_upper);
710 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_lower);
711 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_print);
712 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_punct);
713 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_xdigit);
714 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_mark);
715 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_toupper);
716 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_totitle);
717 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_tolower);
718 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_tofold);
719 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_idstart);
720 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_idcont);
721 PL_utf8_alnum = Nullsv;
722 PL_utf8_alnumc = Nullsv;
723 PL_utf8_ascii = Nullsv;
724 PL_utf8_alpha = Nullsv;
725 PL_utf8_space = Nullsv;
726 PL_utf8_cntrl = Nullsv;
727 PL_utf8_graph = Nullsv;
728 PL_utf8_digit = Nullsv;
729 PL_utf8_upper = Nullsv;
730 PL_utf8_lower = Nullsv;
731 PL_utf8_print = Nullsv;
732 PL_utf8_punct = Nullsv;
733 PL_utf8_xdigit = Nullsv;
734 PL_utf8_mark = Nullsv;
735 PL_utf8_toupper = Nullsv;
736 PL_utf8_totitle = Nullsv;
737 PL_utf8_tolower = Nullsv;
738 PL_utf8_tofold = Nullsv;
739 PL_utf8_idstart = Nullsv;
740 PL_utf8_idcont = Nullsv;
742 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
743 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
744 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = Nullsv;
745 if (!specialCopIO(PL_compiling.cop_io))
746 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_io);
747 PL_compiling.cop_io = Nullsv;
748 CopFILE_free(&PL_compiling);
749 CopSTASH_free(&PL_compiling);
751 /* Prepare to destruct main symbol table. */
756 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_curstname);
757 PL_curstname = Nullsv;
759 /* clear queued errors */
760 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_errors);
764 if (destruct_level >= 2 && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL)) {
765 if (PL_scopestack_ix != 0)
766 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
767 "Unbalanced scopes: %ld more ENTERs than LEAVEs\n",
768 (long)PL_scopestack_ix);
769 if (PL_savestack_ix != 0)
770 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
771 "Unbalanced saves: %ld more saves than restores\n",
772 (long)PL_savestack_ix);
773 if (PL_tmps_floor != -1)
774 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Unbalanced tmps: %ld more allocs than frees\n",
775 (long)PL_tmps_floor + 1);
776 if (cxstack_ix != -1)
777 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Unbalanced context: %ld more PUSHes than POPs\n",
778 (long)cxstack_ix + 1);
781 /* Now absolutely destruct everything, somehow or other, loops or no. */
782 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) |= SVTYPEMASK; /* don't clean out pid table now */
783 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) |= SVTYPEMASK; /* don't clean out strtab now */
785 /* the 2 is for PL_fdpid and PL_strtab */
786 while (PL_sv_count > 2 && sv_clean_all())
789 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) &= ~SVTYPEMASK;
790 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) |= SVt_PVAV;
791 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) &= ~SVTYPEMASK;
792 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) |= SVt_PVHV;
794 AvREAL_off(PL_fdpid); /* no surviving entries */
795 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_fdpid); /* needed in io_close() */
798 #ifdef HAVE_INTERP_INTERN
802 /* Destruct the global string table. */
804 /* Yell and reset the HeVAL() slots that are still holding refcounts,
805 * so that sv_free() won't fail on them.
813 max = HvMAX(PL_strtab);
814 array = HvARRAY(PL_strtab);
817 if (hent && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL)) {
818 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
819 "Unbalanced string table refcount: (%d) for \"%s\"",
820 HeVAL(hent) - Nullsv, HeKEY(hent));
821 HeVAL(hent) = Nullsv;
831 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_strtab);
834 /* free the pointer tables used for cloning */
835 ptr_table_free(PL_ptr_table);
836 PL_ptr_table = (PTR_TBL_t*)NULL;
837 ptr_table_free(PL_shared_hek_table);
838 PL_shared_hek_table = (PTR_TBL_t*)NULL;
841 /* free special SVs */
843 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_yes) = 0;
844 sv_clear(&PL_sv_yes);
845 SvANY(&PL_sv_yes) = NULL;
846 SvFLAGS(&PL_sv_yes) = 0;
848 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_no) = 0;
850 SvANY(&PL_sv_no) = NULL;
851 SvFLAGS(&PL_sv_no) = 0;
855 for (i=0; i<=2; i++) {
856 SvREFCNT(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = 0;
857 sv_clear(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i));
858 SvANY(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = NULL;
859 SvFLAGS(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = 0;
863 if (PL_sv_count != 0 && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
864 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Scalars leaked: %ld\n", (long)PL_sv_count);
866 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS
867 if (PL_sv_count != 0) {
872 for (sva = PL_sv_arenaroot; sva; sva = (SV*)SvANY(sva)) {
873 svend = &sva[SvREFCNT(sva)];
874 for (sv = sva + 1; sv < svend; ++sv) {
875 if (SvTYPE(sv) != SVTYPEMASK) {
876 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "leaked: sv=0x%p"
878 " refcnt=%"UVuf pTHX__FORMAT "\n"
879 "\tallocated at %s:%d %s %s%s\n",
880 sv, sv->sv_flags, sv->sv_refcnt pTHX__VALUE,
881 sv->sv_debug_file ? sv->sv_debug_file : "(unknown)",
883 sv->sv_debug_inpad ? "for" : "by",
884 sv->sv_debug_optype ?
885 PL_op_name[sv->sv_debug_optype]: "(none)",
886 sv->sv_debug_cloned ? " (cloned)" : ""
896 #if defined(PERLIO_LAYERS)
897 /* No more IO - including error messages ! */
898 PerlIO_cleanup(aTHX);
901 /* sv_undef needs to stay immortal until after PerlIO_cleanup
902 as currently layers use it rather than Nullsv as a marker
903 for no arg - and will try and SvREFCNT_dec it.
905 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_undef) = 0;
906 SvREADONLY_off(&PL_sv_undef);
908 Safefree(PL_origfilename);
909 PL_origfilename = Nullch;
910 Safefree(PL_reg_start_tmp);
911 PL_reg_start_tmp = (char**)NULL;
912 PL_reg_start_tmpl = 0;
914 Safefree(PL_reg_curpm);
915 Safefree(PL_reg_poscache);
917 Safefree(PL_op_mask);
918 Safefree(PL_psig_ptr);
919 PL_psig_ptr = (SV**)NULL;
920 Safefree(PL_psig_name);
921 PL_psig_name = (SV**)NULL;
922 Safefree(PL_bitcount);
923 PL_bitcount = Nullch;
924 Safefree(PL_psig_pend);
925 PL_psig_pend = (int*)NULL;
926 PL_formfeed = Nullsv;
931 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
932 PL_hints = 0; /* Reset hints. Should hints be per-interpreter ? */
935 DEBUG_P(debprofdump());
937 #ifdef USE_REENTRANT_API
938 Perl_reentrant_free(aTHX);
943 /* As the absolutely last thing, free the non-arena SV for mess() */
946 /* we know that type == SVt_PVMG */
948 /* it could have accumulated taint magic */
951 for (mg = SvMAGIC(PL_mess_sv); mg; mg = moremagic) {
952 moremagic = mg->mg_moremagic;
953 if (mg->mg_ptr && mg->mg_type != PERL_MAGIC_regex_global
955 Safefree(mg->mg_ptr);
959 /* we know that type >= SVt_PV */
960 SvPV_free(PL_mess_sv);
961 Safefree(SvANY(PL_mess_sv));
962 Safefree(PL_mess_sv);
965 return STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
969 =for apidoc perl_free
971 Releases a Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
979 #if defined(WIN32) || defined(NETWARE)
980 # if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS)
982 void *host = nw_internal_host;
984 void *host = w32_internal_host;
988 nw_delete_internal_host(host);
990 win32_delete_internal_host(host);
1000 #if defined(USE_5005THREADS) || defined(USE_ITHREADS)
1001 /* provide destructors to clean up the thread key when libperl is unloaded */
1002 #ifndef WIN32 /* handled during DLL_PROCESS_DETACH in win32/perllib.c */
1004 #if defined(__hpux) && __ux_version > 1020 && !defined(__GNUC__)
1005 #pragma fini "perl_fini"
1009 #if defined(__GNUC__)
1010 __attribute__((destructor))
1020 #endif /* THREADS */
1023 Perl_call_atexit(pTHX_ ATEXIT_t fn, void *ptr)
1025 Renew(PL_exitlist, PL_exitlistlen+1, PerlExitListEntry);
1026 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].fn = fn;
1027 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].ptr = ptr;
1031 #ifdef HAS_PROCSELFEXE
1032 /* This is a function so that we don't hold on to MAXPATHLEN
1033 bytes of stack longer than necessary
1036 S_procself_val(pTHX_ SV *sv, const char *arg0)
1038 char buf[MAXPATHLEN];
1039 int len = readlink(PROCSELFEXE_PATH, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);
1041 /* On Playstation2 Linux V1.0 (kernel 2.2.1) readlink(/proc/self/exe)
1042 includes a spurious NUL which will cause $^X to fail in system
1043 or backticks (this will prevent extensions from being built and
1044 many tests from working). readlink is not meant to add a NUL.
1045 Normal readlink works fine.
1047 if (len > 0 && buf[len-1] == '\0') {
1051 /* FreeBSD's implementation is acknowledged to be imperfect, sometimes
1052 returning the text "unknown" from the readlink rather than the path
1053 to the executable (or returning an error from the readlink). Any valid
1054 path has a '/' in it somewhere, so use that to validate the result.
1055 See http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/query-pr.cgi?pr=35703
1057 if (len > 0 && memchr(buf, '/', len)) {
1058 sv_setpvn(sv,buf,len);
1064 #endif /* HAS_PROCSELFEXE */
1067 S_set_caret_X(pTHX) {
1068 GV* tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("\030",TRUE, SVt_PV); /* $^X */
1070 #ifdef HAS_PROCSELFEXE
1071 S_procself_val(aTHX_ GvSV(tmpgv), PL_origargv[0]);
1074 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv), os2_execname(aTHX));
1076 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv),PL_origargv[0]);
1083 =for apidoc perl_parse
1085 Tells a Perl interpreter to parse a Perl script. See L<perlembed>.
1091 perl_parse(pTHXx_ XSINIT_t xsinit, int argc, char **argv, char **env)
1098 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
1101 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "suidperl is no longer needed since the kernel can now execute\n\
1102 setuid perl scripts securely.\n");
1103 #endif /* IAMSUID */
1106 #if defined(USE_HASH_SEED) || defined(USE_HASH_SEED_EXPLICIT)
1107 /* [perl #22371] Algorimic Complexity Attack on Perl 5.6.1, 5.8.0
1108 * This MUST be done before any hash stores or fetches take place.
1109 * If you set PL_rehash_seed (and assumedly also PL_rehash_seed_set)
1110 * yourself, it is your responsibility to provide a good random seed!
1111 * You can also define PERL_HASH_SEED in compile time, see hv.h. */
1112 if (!PL_rehash_seed_set)
1113 PL_rehash_seed = get_hash_seed();
1115 char *s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_HASH_SEED_DEBUG");
1121 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "HASH_SEED = %"UVuf"\n",
1125 #endif /* #if defined(USE_HASH_SEED) || defined(USE_HASH_SEED_EXPLICIT) */
1131 /* Set PL_origalen be the sum of the contiguous argv[]
1132 * elements plus the size of the env in case that it is
1133 * contiguous with the argv[]. This is used in mg.c:Perl_magic_set()
1134 * as the maximum modifiable length of $0. In the worst case
1135 * the area we are able to modify is limited to the size of
1136 * the original argv[0]. (See below for 'contiguous', though.)
1138 const char *s = NULL;
1141 ~(UV)(PTRSIZE == 4 ? 3 : PTRSIZE == 8 ? 7 : PTRSIZE == 16 ? 15 : 0);
1142 /* Do the mask check only if the args seem like aligned. */
1144 (mask < ~(UV)0) && ((PTR2UV(argv[0]) & mask) == PTR2UV(argv[0]));
1146 /* See if all the arguments are contiguous in memory. Note
1147 * that 'contiguous' is a loose term because some platforms
1148 * align the argv[] and the envp[]. If the arguments look
1149 * like non-aligned, assume that they are 'strictly' or
1150 * 'traditionally' contiguous. If the arguments look like
1151 * aligned, we just check that they are within aligned
1152 * PTRSIZE bytes. As long as no system has something bizarre
1153 * like the argv[] interleaved with some other data, we are
1154 * fine. (Did I just evoke Murphy's Law?) --jhi */
1155 if (PL_origargv && PL_origargc >= 1 && (s = PL_origargv[0])) {
1157 for (i = 1; i < PL_origargc; i++) {
1158 if ((PL_origargv[i] == s + 1
1160 || PL_origargv[i] == s + 2
1165 (PL_origargv[i] > s &&
1167 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1177 /* Can we grab env area too to be used as the area for $0? */
1178 if (PL_origenviron) {
1179 if ((PL_origenviron[0] == s + 1
1181 || (PL_origenviron[0] == s + 9 && (s += 8))
1186 (PL_origenviron[0] > s &&
1187 PL_origenviron[0] <=
1188 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1192 s = PL_origenviron[0];
1195 my_setenv("NoNe SuCh", Nullch);
1196 /* Force copy of environment. */
1197 for (i = 1; PL_origenviron[i]; i++) {
1198 if (PL_origenviron[i] == s + 1
1201 (PL_origenviron[i] > s &&
1202 PL_origenviron[i] <=
1203 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1206 s = PL_origenviron[i];
1214 PL_origalen = s - PL_origargv[0] + 1;
1219 /* Come here if running an undumped a.out. */
1221 PL_origfilename = savepv(argv[0]);
1222 PL_do_undump = FALSE;
1223 cxstack_ix = -1; /* start label stack again */
1225 assert (!PL_tainted);
1227 S_set_caret_X(aTHX);
1229 init_postdump_symbols(argc,argv,env);
1234 op_free(PL_main_root);
1235 PL_main_root = Nullop;
1237 PL_main_start = Nullop;
1238 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_main_cv);
1239 PL_main_cv = Nullcv;
1242 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
1243 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_OFF;
1248 parse_body(env,xsinit);
1250 call_list(oldscope, PL_checkav);
1257 /* my_exit() was called */
1258 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
1261 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
1263 call_list(oldscope, PL_checkav);
1264 ret = STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
1267 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: top_env\n");
1276 S_parse_body(pTHX_ char **env, XSINIT_t xsinit)
1279 int argc = PL_origargc;
1280 char **argv = PL_origargv;
1281 const char *scriptname = NULL;
1282 VOL bool dosearch = FALSE;
1283 const char *validarg = "";
1286 const char *cddir = Nullch;
1287 bool minus_f = FALSE;
1291 sv_setpvn(PL_linestr,"",0);
1292 sv = newSVpvn("",0); /* first used for -I flags */
1296 for (argc--,argv++; argc > 0; argc--,argv++) {
1297 if (argv[0][0] != '-' || !argv[0][1])
1301 validarg = " PHOOEY ";
1305 * Can we rely on the kernel to start scripts with argv[1] set to
1306 * contain all #! line switches (the whole line)? (argv[0] is set to
1307 * the interpreter name, argv[2] to the script name; argv[3] and
1308 * above may contain other arguments.)
1315 #ifndef PERL_STRICT_CR
1340 if ((s = moreswitches(s)))
1345 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('t');
1346 if( !PL_tainting ) {
1347 PL_taint_warn = TRUE;
1353 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('T');
1355 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
1360 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1361 /* ignore -e for Dev:Pseudo argument */
1362 if (argv[1] && !strcmp(argv[1], "Dev:Pseudo"))
1367 PL_e_script = newSVpvn("",0);
1368 filter_add(read_e_script, NULL);
1371 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, s);
1373 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, argv[1]);
1377 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No code specified for -e");
1378 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, "\n");
1386 case 'I': /* -I handled both here and in moreswitches() */
1388 if (!*++s && (s=argv[1]) != Nullch) {
1393 STRLEN len = strlen(s);
1394 p = savepvn(s, len);
1395 incpush(p, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE, FALSE);
1396 sv_catpvn(sv, "-I", 2);
1397 sv_catpvn(sv, p, len);
1398 sv_catpvn(sv, " ", 1);
1402 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No directory specified for -I");
1406 PL_preprocess = TRUE;
1416 PL_preambleav = newAV();
1417 av_push(PL_preambleav, newSVpv("use Config qw(myconfig config_vars)",0));
1421 PL_Sv = newSVpv("print myconfig();",0);
1423 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"print \"\\nCharacteristics of this PERLSHR image: \\n\",");
1425 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"print \"\\nCharacteristics of this binary (from libperl): \\n\",");
1427 opts = SvCUR(PL_Sv);
1429 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"\" Compile-time options:");
1431 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," DEBUGGING");
1433 # ifdef MULTIPLICITY
1434 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," MULTIPLICITY");
1436 # ifdef USE_5005THREADS
1437 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_5005THREADS");
1439 # ifdef USE_ITHREADS
1440 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_ITHREADS");
1442 # ifdef USE_64_BIT_INT
1443 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_64_BIT_INT");
1445 # ifdef USE_64_BIT_ALL
1446 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_64_BIT_ALL");
1448 # ifdef USE_LONG_DOUBLE
1449 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_LONG_DOUBLE");
1451 # ifdef USE_LARGE_FILES
1452 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_LARGE_FILES");
1455 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_SOCKS");
1457 # ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
1458 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_SITECUSTOMIZE");
1460 # ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
1461 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT");
1463 # ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
1464 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS");
1467 while (SvCUR(PL_Sv) > opts+76) {
1468 /* find last space after "options: " and before col 76 */
1471 char *pv = SvPV_nolen(PL_Sv);
1472 const char c = pv[opts+76];
1474 space = strrchr(pv+opts+26, ' ');
1476 if (!space) break; /* "Can't happen" */
1478 /* break the line before that space */
1481 sv_insert(PL_Sv, opts, 0,
1485 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"\\n\",");
1487 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
1488 if (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT > 0) {
1490 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"\" Locally applied patches:\\n\",");
1491 for (i = 1; i <= LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT; i++) {
1492 if (PL_localpatches[i])
1493 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ PL_Sv,"q%c\t%s\n%c,",
1494 0, PL_localpatches[i], 0);
1498 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ PL_Sv,"\" Built under %s\\n\"",OSNAME);
1501 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ PL_Sv,",\" Compiled at %s %s\\n\"",__DATE__,__TIME__);
1503 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ PL_Sv,",\" Compiled on %s\\n\"",__DATE__);
1506 sv_catpv(PL_Sv, "; \
1508 @env = map { \"$_=\\\"$ENV{$_}\\\"\" } sort grep {/^PERL/} keys %ENV; ");
1511 push @env, \"CYGWIN=\\\"$ENV{CYGWIN}\\\"\";");
1514 print \" \\%ENV:\\n @env\\n\" if @env; \
1515 print \" \\@INC:\\n @INC\\n\";");
1518 PL_Sv = newSVpv("config_vars(qw(",0);
1519 sv_catpv(PL_Sv, ++s);
1520 sv_catpv(PL_Sv, "))");
1523 av_push(PL_preambleav, PL_Sv);
1524 scriptname = BIT_BUCKET; /* don't look for script or read stdin */
1527 PL_doextract = TRUE;
1535 if (!*++s || isSPACE(*s)) {
1539 /* catch use of gnu style long options */
1540 if (strEQ(s, "version")) {
1544 if (strEQ(s, "help")) {
1551 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Unrecognized switch: -%s (-h will show valid options)",s);
1557 #ifndef SECURE_INTERNAL_GETENV
1560 (s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL5OPT")))
1562 const char *popt = s;
1565 if (*s == '-' && *(s+1) == 'T') {
1566 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('T');
1568 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
1571 char *popt_copy = Nullch;
1584 if (!strchr("DIMUdmtwA", *s))
1585 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Illegal switch in PERL5OPT: -%c", *s);
1589 popt_copy = SvPVX(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(popt,0)));
1590 s = popt_copy + (s - popt);
1591 d = popt_copy + (d - popt);
1598 if( !PL_tainting ) {
1599 PL_taint_warn = TRUE;
1609 #ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
1612 PL_preambleav = newAV();
1613 av_unshift(PL_preambleav, 1);
1614 (void)av_store(PL_preambleav, 0, Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "BEGIN { do '%s/sitecustomize.pl' }", SITELIB_EXP));
1618 if (PL_taint_warn && PL_dowarn != G_WARN_ALL_OFF) {
1619 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = newSVpvn(WARN_TAINTstring, WARNsize);
1623 scriptname = argv[0];
1626 scriptname = BIT_BUCKET; /* don't look for script or read stdin */
1628 else if (scriptname == Nullch) {
1630 if ( PerlLIO_isatty(PerlIO_fileno(PerlIO_stdin())) )
1636 /* Set $^X early so that it can be used for relocatable paths in @INC */
1637 assert (!PL_tainted);
1639 S_set_caret_X(aTHX);
1643 open_script(scriptname,dosearch,sv);
1645 validate_suid(validarg, scriptname);
1648 #if defined(SIGCHLD) || defined(SIGCLD)
1651 # define SIGCHLD SIGCLD
1653 Sighandler_t sigstate = rsignal_state(SIGCHLD);
1654 if (sigstate == SIG_IGN) {
1655 if (ckWARN(WARN_SIGNAL))
1656 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_SIGNAL),
1657 "Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default");
1658 (void)rsignal(SIGCHLD, (Sighandler_t)SIG_DFL);
1664 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1665 if (PL_doextract || gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
1670 if (cddir && PerlDir_chdir( (char *)cddir ) < 0)
1671 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't chdir to %s",cddir);
1675 PL_main_cv = PL_compcv = (CV*)NEWSV(1104,0);
1676 sv_upgrade((SV *)PL_compcv, SVt_PVCV);
1677 CvUNIQUE_on(PL_compcv);
1679 CvPADLIST(PL_compcv) = pad_new(0);
1680 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
1681 CvOWNER(PL_compcv) = 0;
1682 New(666, CvMUTEXP(PL_compcv), 1, perl_mutex);
1683 MUTEX_INIT(CvMUTEXP(PL_compcv));
1684 #endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
1687 boot_core_UNIVERSAL();
1688 boot_core_xsutils();
1691 (*xsinit)(aTHX); /* in case linked C routines want magical variables */
1693 #if defined(VMS) || defined(WIN32) || defined(DJGPP) || defined(__CYGWIN__) || defined(EPOC)
1699 # ifdef HAS_SOCKS5_INIT
1700 socks5_init(argv[0]);
1706 init_predump_symbols();
1707 /* init_postdump_symbols not currently designed to be called */
1708 /* more than once (ENV isn't cleared first, for example) */
1709 /* But running with -u leaves %ENV & @ARGV undefined! XXX */
1711 init_postdump_symbols(argc,argv,env);
1713 /* PL_unicode is turned on by -C, or by $ENV{PERL_UNICODE},
1714 * or explicitly in some platforms.
1715 * locale.c:Perl_init_i18nl10n() if the environment
1716 * look like the user wants to use UTF-8. */
1717 #if defined(SYMBIAN)
1718 PL_unicode = PERL_UNICODE_STD_FLAG; /* See PERL_SYMBIAN_CONSOLE_UTF8. */
1721 /* Requires init_predump_symbols(). */
1722 if (!(PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_LOCALE_FLAG) || PL_utf8locale) {
1727 /* Turn on UTF-8-ness on STDIN, STDOUT, STDERR
1728 * and the default open disciplines. */
1729 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDIN_FLAG) &&
1730 PL_stdingv && (io = GvIO(PL_stdingv)) &&
1732 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
1733 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDOUT_FLAG) &&
1734 PL_defoutgv && (io = GvIO(PL_defoutgv)) &&
1736 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
1737 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDERR_FLAG) &&
1738 PL_stderrgv && (io = GvIO(PL_stderrgv)) &&
1740 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
1741 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_INOUT_FLAG) &&
1742 (sv = GvSV(gv_fetchpv("\017PEN", TRUE, SVt_PV)))) {
1743 U32 in = PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_IN_FLAG;
1744 U32 out = PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_OUT_FLAG;
1747 sv_setpvn(sv, ":utf8\0:utf8", 11);
1749 sv_setpvn(sv, ":utf8\0", 6);
1752 sv_setpvn(sv, "\0:utf8", 6);
1758 if ((s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_SIGNALS"))) {
1759 if (strEQ(s, "unsafe"))
1760 PL_signals |= PERL_SIGNALS_UNSAFE_FLAG;
1761 else if (strEQ(s, "safe"))
1762 PL_signals &= ~PERL_SIGNALS_UNSAFE_FLAG;
1764 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "PERL_SIGNALS illegal: \"%s\"", s);
1769 /* now parse the script */
1771 SETERRNO(0,SS_NORMAL);
1773 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1774 if (gMacPerl_SyntaxError = (yyparse() || PL_error_count)) {
1776 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s had compilation errors.\n", MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
1778 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Execution of %s aborted due to compilation errors.\n",
1779 MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
1783 if (yyparse() || PL_error_count) {
1785 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s had compilation errors.\n", PL_origfilename);
1787 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Execution of %s aborted due to compilation errors.\n",
1792 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, 0);
1793 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
1794 PL_preprocess = FALSE;
1796 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
1797 PL_e_script = Nullsv;
1804 SAVECOPFILE(PL_curcop);
1805 SAVECOPLINE(PL_curcop);
1806 gv_check(PL_defstash);
1813 if ((s=PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS")) && atoi(s) >= 2)
1814 dump_mstats("after compilation:");
1823 =for apidoc perl_run
1825 Tells a Perl interpreter to run. See L<perlembed>.
1837 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
1845 cxstack_ix = -1; /* start context stack again */
1847 case 0: /* normal completion */
1851 case 2: /* my_exit() */
1852 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
1855 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
1856 if (!(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_DESTRUCT_END) &&
1857 PL_endav && !PL_minus_c)
1858 call_list(oldscope, PL_endav);
1860 if (PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS"))
1861 dump_mstats("after execution: ");
1863 ret = STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
1867 POPSTACK_TO(PL_mainstack);
1870 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: restartop\n");
1882 S_run_body(pTHX_ I32 oldscope)
1884 DEBUG_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "%s $` $& $' support.\n",
1885 PL_sawampersand ? "Enabling" : "Omitting"));
1887 if (!PL_restartop) {
1888 DEBUG_x(dump_all());
1890 PERL_DEBUG(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "\nEXECUTING...\n\n"));
1891 DEBUG_S(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "main thread is 0x%"UVxf"\n",
1895 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1896 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "%s%s syntax OK\n",
1897 (gMacPerl_ErrorFormat ? "# " : ""),
1898 MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
1900 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "%s syntax OK\n", PL_origfilename);
1904 if (PERLDB_SINGLE && PL_DBsingle)
1905 sv_setiv(PL_DBsingle, 1);
1907 call_list(oldscope, PL_initav);
1913 PL_op = PL_restartop;
1917 else if (PL_main_start) {
1918 CvDEPTH(PL_main_cv) = 1;
1919 PL_op = PL_main_start;
1927 =head1 SV Manipulation Functions
1929 =for apidoc p||get_sv
1931 Returns the SV of the specified Perl scalar. If C<create> is set and the
1932 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
1933 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
1939 Perl_get_sv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
1942 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
1943 if (name[1] == '\0' && !isALPHA(name[0])) {
1944 PADOFFSET tmp = find_threadsv(name);
1945 if (tmp != NOT_IN_PAD)
1946 return THREADSV(tmp);
1948 #endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
1949 gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PV);
1956 =head1 Array Manipulation Functions
1958 =for apidoc p||get_av
1960 Returns the AV of the specified Perl array. If C<create> is set and the
1961 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
1962 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
1968 Perl_get_av(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
1970 GV* gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVAV);
1979 =head1 Hash Manipulation Functions
1981 =for apidoc p||get_hv
1983 Returns the HV of the specified Perl hash. If C<create> is set and the
1984 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
1985 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
1991 Perl_get_hv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
1993 GV* gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVHV);
2002 =head1 CV Manipulation Functions
2004 =for apidoc p||get_cv
2006 Returns the CV of the specified Perl subroutine. If C<create> is set and
2007 the Perl subroutine does not exist then it will be declared (which has the
2008 same effect as saying C<sub name;>). If C<create> is not set and the
2009 subroutine does not exist then NULL is returned.
2015 Perl_get_cv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
2017 GV* gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVCV);
2018 /* XXX unsafe for threads if eval_owner isn't held */
2019 /* XXX this is probably not what they think they're getting.
2020 * It has the same effect as "sub name;", i.e. just a forward
2022 if (create && !GvCVu(gv))
2023 return newSUB(start_subparse(FALSE, 0),
2024 newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSVpv(name,0)),
2032 /* Be sure to refetch the stack pointer after calling these routines. */
2036 =head1 Callback Functions
2038 =for apidoc p||call_argv
2040 Performs a callback to the specified Perl sub. See L<perlcall>.
2046 Perl_call_argv(pTHX_ const char *sub_name, I32 flags, register char **argv)
2048 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2049 /* null terminated arg list */
2056 XPUSHs(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(*argv,0)));
2061 return call_pv(sub_name, flags);
2065 =for apidoc p||call_pv
2067 Performs a callback to the specified Perl sub. See L<perlcall>.
2073 Perl_call_pv(pTHX_ const char *sub_name, I32 flags)
2074 /* name of the subroutine */
2075 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2077 return call_sv((SV*)get_cv(sub_name, TRUE), flags);
2081 =for apidoc p||call_method
2083 Performs a callback to the specified Perl method. The blessed object must
2084 be on the stack. See L<perlcall>.
2090 Perl_call_method(pTHX_ const char *methname, I32 flags)
2091 /* name of the subroutine */
2092 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2094 return call_sv(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(methname,0)), flags | G_METHOD);
2097 /* May be called with any of a CV, a GV, or an SV containing the name. */
2099 =for apidoc p||call_sv
2101 Performs a callback to the Perl sub whose name is in the SV. See
2108 Perl_call_sv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
2109 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2112 LOGOP myop; /* fake syntax tree node */
2115 volatile I32 retval = 0;
2117 bool oldcatch = CATCH_GET;
2122 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2127 Zero(&myop, 1, LOGOP);
2128 myop.op_next = Nullop;
2129 if (!(flags & G_NOARGS))
2130 myop.op_flags |= OPf_STACKED;
2131 myop.op_flags |= ((flags & G_VOID) ? OPf_WANT_VOID :
2132 (flags & G_ARRAY) ? OPf_WANT_LIST :
2137 EXTEND(PL_stack_sp, 1);
2138 *++PL_stack_sp = sv;
2140 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
2142 if (PERLDB_SUB && PL_curstash != PL_debstash
2143 /* Handle first BEGIN of -d. */
2144 && (PL_DBcv || (PL_DBcv = GvCV(PL_DBsub)))
2145 /* Try harder, since this may have been a sighandler, thus
2146 * curstash may be meaningless. */
2147 && (SvTYPE(sv) != SVt_PVCV || CvSTASH((CV*)sv) != PL_debstash)
2148 && !(flags & G_NODEBUG))
2149 PL_op->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_DB;
2151 if (flags & G_METHOD) {
2152 Zero(&method_op, 1, UNOP);
2153 method_op.op_next = PL_op;
2154 method_op.op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_METHOD];
2155 myop.op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_ENTERSUB];
2156 PL_op = (OP*)&method_op;
2159 if (!(flags & G_EVAL)) {
2161 call_body((OP*)&myop, FALSE);
2162 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2163 CATCH_SET(oldcatch);
2166 myop.op_other = (OP*)&myop;
2168 /* we're trying to emulate pp_entertry() here */
2170 register PERL_CONTEXT *cx;
2171 const I32 gimme = GIMME_V;
2176 PUSHBLOCK(cx, (CXt_EVAL|CXp_TRYBLOCK), PL_stack_sp);
2178 PL_eval_root = PL_op; /* Only needed so that goto works right. */
2180 PL_in_eval = EVAL_INEVAL;
2181 if (flags & G_KEEPERR)
2182 PL_in_eval |= EVAL_KEEPERR;
2184 sv_setpvn(ERRSV,"",0);
2192 call_body((OP*)&myop, FALSE);
2193 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2194 if (!(flags & G_KEEPERR))
2195 sv_setpvn(ERRSV,"",0);
2201 /* my_exit() was called */
2202 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2205 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED))
2206 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Callback called exit");
2211 PL_op = PL_restartop;
2215 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2216 if (flags & G_ARRAY)
2220 *++PL_stack_sp = &PL_sv_undef;
2225 if (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope) {
2229 register PERL_CONTEXT *cx;
2240 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2241 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2251 S_call_body(pTHX_ const OP *myop, bool is_eval)
2253 if (PL_op == myop) {
2255 PL_op = Perl_pp_entereval(aTHX); /* this doesn't do a POPMARK */
2257 PL_op = Perl_pp_entersub(aTHX); /* this does */
2263 /* Eval a string. The G_EVAL flag is always assumed. */
2266 =for apidoc p||eval_sv
2268 Tells Perl to C<eval> the string in the SV.
2274 Perl_eval_sv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
2276 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2279 UNOP myop; /* fake syntax tree node */
2280 volatile I32 oldmark = SP - PL_stack_base;
2281 volatile I32 retval = 0;
2286 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2293 Zero(PL_op, 1, UNOP);
2294 EXTEND(PL_stack_sp, 1);
2295 *++PL_stack_sp = sv;
2297 if (!(flags & G_NOARGS))
2298 myop.op_flags = OPf_STACKED;
2299 myop.op_next = Nullop;
2300 myop.op_type = OP_ENTEREVAL;
2301 myop.op_flags |= ((flags & G_VOID) ? OPf_WANT_VOID :
2302 (flags & G_ARRAY) ? OPf_WANT_LIST :
2304 if (flags & G_KEEPERR)
2305 myop.op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL;
2307 /* fail now; otherwise we could fail after the JMPENV_PUSH but
2308 * before a PUSHEVAL, which corrupts the stack after a croak */
2309 TAINT_PROPER("eval_sv()");
2315 call_body((OP*)&myop,TRUE);
2316 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2317 if (!(flags & G_KEEPERR))
2318 sv_setpvn(ERRSV,"",0);
2324 /* my_exit() was called */
2325 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2328 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED))
2329 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Callback called exit");
2334 PL_op = PL_restartop;
2338 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2339 if (flags & G_ARRAY)
2343 *++PL_stack_sp = &PL_sv_undef;
2349 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2350 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2360 =for apidoc p||eval_pv
2362 Tells Perl to C<eval> the given string and return an SV* result.
2368 Perl_eval_pv(pTHX_ const char *p, I32 croak_on_error)
2371 SV* sv = newSVpv(p, 0);
2373 eval_sv(sv, G_SCALAR);
2380 if (croak_on_error && SvTRUE(ERRSV)) {
2381 Perl_croak(aTHX_ SvPVx_nolen_const(ERRSV));
2387 /* Require a module. */
2390 =head1 Embedding Functions
2392 =for apidoc p||require_pv
2394 Tells Perl to C<require> the file named by the string argument. It is
2395 analogous to the Perl code C<eval "require '$file'">. It's even
2396 implemented that way; consider using load_module instead.
2401 Perl_require_pv(pTHX_ const char *pv)
2405 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_REQUIRE);
2407 sv = sv_newmortal();
2408 sv_setpv(sv, "require '");
2411 eval_sv(sv, G_DISCARD);
2417 Perl_magicname(pTHX_ const char *sym, const char *name, I32 namlen)
2421 if ((gv = gv_fetchpv(sym,TRUE, SVt_PV)))
2422 sv_magic(GvSV(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, namlen);
2426 S_usage(pTHX_ const char *name) /* XXX move this out into a module ? */
2428 /* This message really ought to be max 23 lines.
2429 * Removed -h because the user already knows that option. Others? */
2431 static const char * const usage_msg[] = {
2432 "-0[octal] specify record separator (\\0, if no argument)",
2433 "-A[name] activate all/given assertions",
2434 "-a autosplit mode with -n or -p (splits $_ into @F)",
2435 "-C[number/list] enables the listed Unicode features",
2436 "-c check syntax only (runs BEGIN and CHECK blocks)",
2437 "-d[:debugger] run program under debugger",
2438 "-D[number/list] set debugging flags (argument is a bit mask or alphabets)",
2439 "-e program one line of program (several -e's allowed, omit programfile)",
2440 #ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
2441 "-f don't do $sitelib/sitecustomize.pl at startup",
2443 "-F/pattern/ split() pattern for -a switch (//'s are optional)",
2444 "-i[extension] edit <> files in place (makes backup if extension supplied)",
2445 "-Idirectory specify @INC/#include directory (several -I's allowed)",
2446 "-l[octal] enable line ending processing, specifies line terminator",
2447 "-[mM][-]module execute \"use/no module...\" before executing program",
2448 "-n assume \"while (<>) { ... }\" loop around program",
2449 "-p assume loop like -n but print line also, like sed",
2450 "-P run program through C preprocessor before compilation",
2451 "-s enable rudimentary parsing for switches after programfile",
2452 "-S look for programfile using PATH environment variable",
2453 "-t enable tainting warnings",
2454 "-T enable tainting checks",
2455 "-u dump core after parsing program",
2456 "-U allow unsafe operations",
2457 "-v print version, subversion (includes VERY IMPORTANT perl info)",
2458 "-V[:variable] print configuration summary (or a single Config.pm variable)",
2459 "-w enable many useful warnings (RECOMMENDED)",
2460 "-W enable all warnings",
2461 "-x[directory] strip off text before #!perl line and perhaps cd to directory",
2462 "-X disable all warnings",
2466 const char * const *p = usage_msg;
2468 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2469 "\nUsage: %s [switches] [--] [programfile] [arguments]",
2472 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(), "\n %s", *p++);
2475 /* convert a string of -D options (or digits) into an int.
2476 * sets *s to point to the char after the options */
2480 Perl_get_debug_opts(pTHX_ const char **s, bool givehelp)
2482 static const char * const usage_msgd[] = {
2483 " Debugging flag values: (see also -d)",
2484 " p Tokenizing and parsing (with v, displays parse stack)",
2485 " s Stack snapshots (with v, displays all stacks)",
2486 " l Context (loop) stack processing",
2487 " t Trace execution",
2488 " o Method and overloading resolution",
2489 " c String/numeric conversions",
2490 " P Print profiling info, preprocessor command for -P, source file input state",
2491 " m Memory allocation",
2492 " f Format processing",
2493 " r Regular expression parsing and execution",
2494 " x Syntax tree dump",
2495 " u Tainting checks",
2496 " H Hash dump -- usurps values()",
2497 " X Scratchpad allocation",
2499 " S Thread synchronization",
2501 " R Include reference counts of dumped variables (eg when using -Ds)",
2502 " J Do not s,t,P-debug (Jump over) opcodes within package DB",
2503 " v Verbose: use in conjunction with other flags",
2505 " A Consistency checks on internal structures",
2506 " q quiet - currently only suppresses the 'EXECUTING' message",
2511 /* if adding extra options, remember to update DEBUG_MASK */
2512 static const char debopts[] = "psltocPmfrxu HXDSTRJvCAq";
2514 for (; isALNUM(**s); (*s)++) {
2515 const char *d = strchr(debopts,**s);
2517 i |= 1 << (d - debopts);
2518 else if (ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
2519 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
2520 "invalid option -D%c, use -D'' to see choices\n", **s);
2523 else if (isDIGIT(**s)) {
2525 for (; isALNUM(**s); (*s)++) ;
2527 else if (givehelp) {
2528 char **p = (char **)usage_msgd;
2529 while (*p) PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(), "%s\n", *p++);
2532 if ((i & DEBUG_p_FLAG) && ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
2533 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
2534 "-Dp not implemented on this platform\n");
2540 /* This routine handles any switches that can be given during run */
2543 Perl_moreswitches(pTHX_ char *s)
2554 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rs);
2555 if (s[1] == 'x' && s[2]) {
2556 const char *e = s+=2;
2562 flags = PERL_SCAN_SILENT_ILLDIGIT;
2563 rschar = (U32)grok_hex(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
2564 if (s + numlen < e) {
2565 rschar = 0; /* Grandfather -0xFOO as -0 -xFOO. */
2569 PL_rs = newSVpvn("", 0);
2570 SvGROW(PL_rs, (STRLEN)(UNISKIP(rschar) + 1));
2571 tmps = (U8*)SvPVX(PL_rs);
2572 uvchr_to_utf8(tmps, rschar);
2573 SvCUR_set(PL_rs, UNISKIP(rschar));
2578 rschar = (U32)grok_oct(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
2579 if (rschar & ~((U8)~0))
2580 PL_rs = &PL_sv_undef;
2581 else if (!rschar && numlen >= 2)
2582 PL_rs = newSVpvn("", 0);
2584 char ch = (char)rschar;
2585 PL_rs = newSVpvn(&ch, 1);
2588 sv_setsv(get_sv("/", TRUE), PL_rs);
2593 PL_unicode = parse_unicode_opts( (const char **)&s );
2598 while (*s && !isSPACE(*s)) ++s;
2600 PL_splitstr = savepv(PL_splitstr);
2614 /* -dt indicates to the debugger that threads will be used */
2615 if (*s == 't' && !isALNUM(s[1])) {
2617 my_setenv("PERL5DB_THREADED", "1");
2620 /* The following permits -d:Mod to accepts arguments following an =
2621 in the fashion that -MSome::Mod does. */
2622 if (*s == ':' || *s == '=') {
2625 sv = newSVpv("use Devel::", 0);
2627 /* We now allow -d:Module=Foo,Bar */
2628 while(isALNUM(*s) || *s==':') ++s;
2630 sv_catpv(sv, start);
2632 sv_catpvn(sv, start, s-start);
2633 sv_catpv(sv, " split(/,/,q{");
2638 my_setenv("PERL5DB", SvPV(sv, PL_na));
2641 PL_perldb = PERLDB_ALL;
2650 PL_debug = get_debug_opts( (const char **)&s, 1) | DEBUG_TOP_FLAG;
2651 #else /* !DEBUGGING */
2652 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
2653 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
2654 "Recompile perl with -DDEBUGGING to use -D switch (did you mean -d ?)\n");
2655 for (s++; isALNUM(*s); s++) ;
2661 usage(PL_origargv[0]);
2665 Safefree(PL_inplace);
2666 #if defined(__CYGWIN__) /* do backup extension automagically */
2667 if (*(s+1) == '\0') {
2668 PL_inplace = savepv(".bak");
2671 #endif /* __CYGWIN__ */
2672 PL_inplace = savepv(s+1);
2674 for (s = PL_inplace; *s && !isSPACE(*s); s++) ;
2677 if (*s == '-') /* Additional switches on #! line. */
2681 case 'I': /* -I handled both here and in parse_body() */
2684 while (*s && isSPACE(*s))
2689 /* ignore trailing spaces (possibly followed by other switches) */
2691 for (e = p; *e && !isSPACE(*e); e++) ;
2695 } while (*p && *p != '-');
2696 e = savepvn(s, e-s);
2697 incpush(e, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE, FALSE);
2704 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No directory specified for -I");
2710 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ors_sv);
2716 PL_ors_sv = newSVpvn("\n",1);
2717 numlen = 3 + (*s == '0');
2718 *SvPVX(PL_ors_sv) = (char)grok_oct(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
2722 if (RsPARA(PL_rs)) {
2723 PL_ors_sv = newSVpvn("\n\n",2);
2726 PL_ors_sv = newSVsv(PL_rs);
2733 PL_preambleav = newAV();
2735 SV *sv = newSVpv("use assertions::activate split(/,/,q", 0);
2736 sv_catpvn(sv, "\0", 1); /* Use NUL as q//-delimiter. */
2738 sv_catpvn(sv, "\0)", 2);
2740 av_push(PL_preambleav, sv);
2743 av_push(PL_preambleav, newSVpvn("use assertions::activate",24));
2746 forbid_setid("-M"); /* XXX ? */
2749 forbid_setid("-m"); /* XXX ? */
2753 const char *use = "use ";
2754 /* -M-foo == 'no foo' */
2755 if (*s == '-') { use = "no "; ++s; }
2756 sv = newSVpv(use,0);
2758 /* We allow -M'Module qw(Foo Bar)' */
2759 while(isALNUM(*s) || *s==':') ++s;
2761 sv_catpv(sv, start);
2762 if (*(start-1) == 'm') {
2764 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use '%c' after -mname", *s);
2765 sv_catpv( sv, " ()");
2769 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Module name required with -%c option",
2771 sv_catpvn(sv, start, s-start);
2772 sv_catpv(sv, " split(/,/,q");
2773 sv_catpvn(sv, "\0)", 1); /* Use NUL as q//-delimiter. */
2775 sv_catpvn(sv, "\0)", 2);
2779 PL_preambleav = newAV();
2780 av_push(PL_preambleav, sv);
2783 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Missing argument to -%c", *(s-1));
2795 PL_doswitches = TRUE;
2809 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2810 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Believe me, you don't want to use \"-u\" on a Macintosh");
2812 PL_do_undump = TRUE;
2820 if (!sv_derived_from(PL_patchlevel, "version"))
2821 (void *)upg_version(PL_patchlevel);
2823 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2824 Perl_form(aTHX_ "\nThis is perl, v%"SVf" built for %s",
2825 vstringify(PL_patchlevel),
2828 /* Adjust verbose output as in the perl that ships with the DG/UX OS from EMC */
2829 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2830 Perl_form(aTHX_ "\nThis is perl, v%"SVf"\n",
2831 vstringify(PL_patchlevel)));
2832 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2833 Perl_form(aTHX_ " built under %s at %s %s\n",
2834 OSNAME, __DATE__, __TIME__));
2835 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2836 Perl_form(aTHX_ " OS Specific Release: %s\n",
2840 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
2841 if (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT > 0)
2842 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2843 "\n(with %d registered patch%s, "
2844 "see perl -V for more detail)",
2845 (int)LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT,
2846 (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT!=1) ? "es" : "");
2849 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2850 "\n\nCopyright 1987-2005, Larry Wall\n");
2851 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2852 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2853 "\nMac OS port Copyright 1991-2002, Matthias Neeracher;\n"
2854 "maintained by Chris Nandor\n");
2857 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2858 "\nMS-DOS port Copyright (c) 1989, 1990, Diomidis Spinellis\n");
2861 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2862 "djgpp v2 port (jpl5003c) by Hirofumi Watanabe, 1996\n"
2863 "djgpp v2 port (perl5004+) by Laszlo Molnar, 1997-1999\n");
2866 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2867 "\n\nOS/2 port Copyright (c) 1990, 1991, Raymond Chen, Kai Uwe Rommel\n"
2868 "Version 5 port Copyright (c) 1994-2002, Andreas Kaiser, Ilya Zakharevich\n");
2871 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2872 "atariST series port, ++jrb bammi@cadence.com\n");
2875 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2876 "BeOS port Copyright Tom Spindler, 1997-1999\n");
2879 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2880 "MPE/iX port Copyright by Mark Klein and Mark Bixby, 1996-2003\n");
2883 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2884 "MVS (OS390) port by Mortice Kern Systems, 1997-1999\n");
2887 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2888 "Stratus VOS port by Paul.Green@stratus.com, 1997-2002\n");
2891 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2892 "VM/ESA port by Neale Ferguson, 1998-1999\n");
2895 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2896 "BS2000 (POSIX) port by Start Amadeus GmbH, 1998-1999\n");
2899 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2900 "MiNT port by Guido Flohr, 1997-1999\n");
2903 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2904 "EPOC port by Olaf Flebbe, 1999-2002\n");
2907 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),"WINCE port by Rainer Keuchel, 2001-2002\n");
2908 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),"Built on " __DATE__ " " __TIME__ "\n\n");
2912 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2913 "Symbian port by Nokia, 2004-2005\n");
2915 #ifdef BINARY_BUILD_NOTICE
2916 BINARY_BUILD_NOTICE;
2918 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2920 Perl may be copied only under the terms of either the Artistic License or the\n\
2921 GNU General Public License, which may be found in the Perl 5 source kit.\n\n\
2922 Complete documentation for Perl, including FAQ lists, should be found on\n\
2923 this system using \"man perl\" or \"perldoc perl\". If you have access to the\n\
2924 Internet, point your browser at http://www.perl.org/, the Perl Home Page.\n\n");
2927 if (! (PL_dowarn & G_WARN_ALL_MASK))
2928 PL_dowarn |= G_WARN_ON;
2932 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_ALL_ON|G_WARN_ON;
2933 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
2934 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
2935 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = pWARN_ALL ;
2939 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_ALL_OFF;
2940 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
2941 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
2942 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = pWARN_NONE ;
2947 if (s[1] == '-') /* Additional switches on #! line. */
2952 #if defined(WIN32) || !defined(PERL_STRICT_CR)
2958 #ifdef ALTERNATE_SHEBANG
2959 case 'S': /* OS/2 needs -S on "extproc" line. */
2967 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't emulate -%.1s on #! line",s);
2972 /* compliments of Tom Christiansen */
2974 /* unexec() can be found in the Gnu emacs distribution */
2975 /* Known to work with -DUNEXEC and using unexelf.c from GNU emacs-20.2 */
2978 Perl_my_unexec(pTHX)
2986 prog = newSVpv(BIN_EXP, 0);
2987 sv_catpv(prog, "/perl");
2988 file = newSVpv(PL_origfilename, 0);
2989 sv_catpv(file, ".perldump");
2991 unexec(SvPVX(file), SvPVX(prog), &etext, sbrk(0), 0);
2992 /* unexec prints msg to stderr in case of failure */
2993 PerlProc_exit(status);
2996 # include <lib$routines.h>
2997 lib$signal(SS$_DEBUG); /* ssdef.h #included from vmsish.h */
2999 ABORT(); /* for use with undump */
3004 /* initialize curinterp */
3010 # define PERLVAR(var,type)
3011 # define PERLVARA(var,n,type)
3012 # if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
3013 # if defined(USE_5005THREADS)
3014 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
3015 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
3016 # else /* !USE_5005THREADS */
3017 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) aTHX->var = init;
3018 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) aTHX->var = init;
3019 # endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
3021 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
3022 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
3024 # include "intrpvar.h"
3025 # ifndef USE_5005THREADS
3026 # include "thrdvar.h"
3033 # define PERLVAR(var,type)
3034 # define PERLVARA(var,n,type)
3035 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PL_##var = init;
3036 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PL_##var = init;
3037 # include "intrpvar.h"
3038 # ifndef USE_5005THREADS
3039 # include "thrdvar.h"
3050 S_init_main_stash(pTHX)
3054 PL_curstash = PL_defstash = newHV();
3055 PL_curstname = newSVpvn("main",4);
3056 gv = gv_fetchpv("main::",TRUE, SVt_PVHV);
3057 SvREFCNT_dec(GvHV(gv));
3058 GvHV(gv) = (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(PL_defstash);
3060 Perl_hv_name_set(aTHX_ PL_defstash, "main", 4, 0);
3061 PL_incgv = gv_HVadd(gv_AVadd(gv_fetchpv("INC",TRUE, SVt_PVAV)));
3062 GvMULTI_on(PL_incgv);
3063 PL_hintgv = gv_fetchpv("\010",TRUE, SVt_PV); /* ^H */
3064 GvMULTI_on(PL_hintgv);
3065 PL_defgv = gv_fetchpv("_",TRUE, SVt_PVAV);
3066 PL_errgv = gv_HVadd(gv_fetchpv("@", TRUE, SVt_PV));
3067 GvMULTI_on(PL_errgv);
3068 PL_replgv = gv_fetchpv("\022", TRUE, SVt_PV); /* ^R */
3069 GvMULTI_on(PL_replgv);
3070 (void)Perl_form(aTHX_ "%240s",""); /* Preallocate temp - for immediate signals. */
3071 sv_grow(ERRSV, 240); /* Preallocate - for immediate signals. */
3072 sv_setpvn(ERRSV, "", 0);
3073 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
3074 CopSTASH_set(&PL_compiling, PL_defstash);
3075 PL_debstash = GvHV(gv_fetchpv("DB::", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
3076 PL_globalstash = GvHV(gv_fetchpv("CORE::GLOBAL::", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
3077 /* We must init $/ before switches are processed. */
3078 sv_setpvn(get_sv("/", TRUE), "\n", 1);
3081 /* PSz 18 Nov 03 fdscript now global but do not change prototype */
3083 S_open_script(pTHX_ const char *scriptname, bool dosearch, SV *sv)
3088 const char *cpp_discard_flag;
3097 PL_origfilename = savepvn("-e", 2);
3100 /* if find_script() returns, it returns a malloc()-ed value */
3101 scriptname = PL_origfilename = find_script(scriptname, dosearch, NULL, 1);
3103 if (strnEQ(scriptname, "/dev/fd/", 8) && isDIGIT(scriptname[8]) ) {
3104 const char *s = scriptname + 8;
3105 PL_fdscript = atoi(s);
3110 * Tell apart "normal" usage of fdscript, e.g.
3111 * with bash on FreeBSD:
3112 * perl <( echo '#!perl -DA'; echo 'print "$0\n"')
3113 * from usage in suidperl.
3114 * Does any "normal" usage leave garbage after the number???
3115 * Is it a mistake to use a similar /dev/fd/ construct for
3120 * Be supersafe and do some sanity-checks.
3121 * Still, can we be sure we got the right thing?
3124 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Wrong syntax (suid) fd script name \"%s\"\n", s);
3127 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Missing (suid) fd script name\n");
3129 scriptname = savepv(s + 1);
3130 Safefree(PL_origfilename);
3131 PL_origfilename = (char *)scriptname;
3136 CopFILE_free(PL_curcop);
3137 CopFILE_set(PL_curcop, PL_origfilename);
3138 if (*PL_origfilename == '-' && PL_origfilename[1] == '\0')
3139 scriptname = (char *)"";
3140 if (PL_fdscript >= 0) {
3141 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_fdopen(PL_fdscript,PERL_SCRIPT_MODE);
3142 # if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3144 /* ensure close-on-exec */
3145 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,1);
3150 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "sperl needs fd script\n"
3151 "You should not call sperl directly; do you need to "
3152 "change a #! line\nfrom sperl to perl?\n");
3155 * Do not open (or do other fancy stuff) while setuid.
3156 * Perl does the open, and hands script to suidperl on a fd;
3157 * suidperl only does some checks, sets up UIDs and re-execs
3158 * perl with that fd as it has always done.
3161 if (PL_suidscript != 1) {
3162 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "suidperl needs (suid) fd script\n");
3165 else if (PL_preprocess) {
3166 const char *cpp_cfg = CPPSTDIN;
3167 SV *cpp = newSVpvn("",0);
3168 SV *cmd = NEWSV(0,0);
3170 if (cpp_cfg[0] == 0) /* PERL_MICRO? */
3171 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't run with cpp -P with CPPSTDIN undefined");
3172 if (strEQ(cpp_cfg, "cppstdin"))
3173 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ cpp, "%s/", BIN_EXP);
3174 sv_catpv(cpp, cpp_cfg);
3177 sv_catpvn(sv, "-I", 2);
3178 sv_catpv(sv,PRIVLIB_EXP);
3181 DEBUG_P(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3182 "PL_preprocess: scriptname=\"%s\", cpp=\"%s\", sv=\"%s\", CPPMINUS=\"%s\"\n",
3183 scriptname, SvPVX (cpp), SvPVX (sv), CPPMINUS));
3185 # if defined(MSDOS) || defined(WIN32) || defined(VMS)
3192 cpp_discard_flag = "";
3194 cpp_discard_flag = "-C";
3198 perl = os2_execname(aTHX);
3200 perl = PL_origargv[0];
3204 /* This strips off Perl comments which might interfere with
3205 the C pre-processor, including #!. #line directives are
3206 deliberately stripped to avoid confusion with Perl's version
3207 of #line. FWP played some golf with it so it will fit
3208 into VMS's 255 character buffer.
3211 code = "(1../^#!.*perl/i)|/^\\s*#(?!\\s*((ifn?|un)def|(el|end)?if|define|include|else|error|pragma)\\b)/||!($|=1)||print";
3213 code = "/^\\s*#(?!\\s*((ifn?|un)def|(el|end)?if|define|include|else|error|pragma)\\b)/||!($|=1)||print";
3215 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ cmd, "\
3216 %s -ne%s%s%s %s | %"SVf" %s %"SVf" %s",
3217 perl, quote, code, quote, scriptname, cpp,
3218 cpp_discard_flag, sv, CPPMINUS);
3220 PL_doextract = FALSE;
3222 DEBUG_P(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3223 "PL_preprocess: cmd=\"%s\"\n",
3226 PL_rsfp = PerlProc_popen(SvPVX(cmd), (char *)"r");
3230 else if (!*scriptname) {
3231 forbid_setid("program input from stdin");
3232 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_stdin();
3235 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_open(scriptname,PERL_SCRIPT_MODE);
3236 # if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3238 /* ensure close-on-exec */
3239 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,1);
3242 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3244 /* PSz 16 Sep 03 Keep neat error message */
3245 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't open perl script \"%s\": %s\n",
3246 CopFILE(PL_curcop), Strerror(errno));
3251 * I_SYSSTATVFS HAS_FSTATVFS
3253 * I_STATFS HAS_FSTATFS HAS_GETFSSTAT
3254 * I_MNTENT HAS_GETMNTENT HAS_HASMNTOPT
3255 * here so that metaconfig picks them up. */
3259 S_fd_on_nosuid_fs(pTHX_ int fd)
3262 * We used to do this as "plain" user (after swapping UIDs with setreuid);
3263 * but is needed also on machines without setreuid.
3264 * Seems safe enough to run as root.
3266 int check_okay = 0; /* able to do all the required sys/libcalls */
3267 int on_nosuid = 0; /* the fd is on a nosuid fs */
3269 * Need to check noexec also: nosuid might not be set, the average
3270 * sysadmin would say that nosuid is irrelevant once he sets noexec.
3272 int on_noexec = 0; /* the fd is on a noexec fs */
3275 * Preferred order: fstatvfs(), fstatfs(), ustat()+getmnt(), getmntent().
3276 * fstatvfs() is UNIX98.
3277 * fstatfs() is 4.3 BSD.
3278 * ustat()+getmnt() is pre-4.3 BSD.
3279 * getmntent() is O(number-of-mounted-filesystems) and can hang on
3280 * an irrelevant filesystem while trying to reach the right one.
3283 #undef FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY /* found the syscalls to do the check? */
3285 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3286 defined(HAS_FSTATVFS)
3287 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3288 struct statvfs stfs;
3290 check_okay = fstatvfs(fd, &stfs) == 0;
3291 on_nosuid = check_okay && (stfs.f_flag & ST_NOSUID);
3293 /* ST_NOEXEC certainly absent on AIX 5.1, and doesn't seem to be documented
3294 on platforms where it is present. */
3295 on_noexec = check_okay && (stfs.f_flag & ST_NOEXEC);
3297 # endif /* fstatvfs */
3299 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3300 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID) && \
3301 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC) && \
3302 defined(HAS_FSTATFS) && \
3303 defined(HAS_STRUCT_STATFS) && \
3304 defined(HAS_STRUCT_STATFS_F_FLAGS)
3305 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3308 check_okay = fstatfs(fd, &stfs) == 0;
3309 on_nosuid = check_okay && (stfs.f_flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID);
3310 on_noexec = check_okay && (stfs.f_flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC);
3311 # endif /* fstatfs */
3313 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3314 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID) && \
3315 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC) && \
3316 defined(HAS_FSTAT) && \
3317 defined(HAS_USTAT) && \
3318 defined(HAS_GETMNT) && \
3319 defined(HAS_STRUCT_FS_DATA) && \
3321 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3324 if (fstat(fd, &fdst) == 0) {
3326 if (ustat(fdst.st_dev, &us) == 0) {
3328 /* NOSTAT_ONE here because we're not examining fields which
3329 * vary between that case and STAT_ONE. */
3330 if (getmnt((int*)0, &fsd, (int)0, NOSTAT_ONE, us.f_fname) == 0) {
3331 size_t cmplen = sizeof(us.f_fname);
3332 if (sizeof(fsd.fd_req.path) < cmplen)
3333 cmplen = sizeof(fsd.fd_req.path);
3334 if (strnEQ(fsd.fd_req.path, us.f_fname, cmplen) &&
3335 fdst.st_dev == fsd.fd_req.dev) {
3337 on_nosuid = fsd.fd_req.flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID;
3338 on_noexec = fsd.fd_req.flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC;
3344 # endif /* fstat+ustat+getmnt */
3346 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3347 defined(HAS_GETMNTENT) && \
3348 defined(HAS_HASMNTOPT) && \
3349 defined(MNTOPT_NOSUID) && \
3350 defined(MNTOPT_NOEXEC)
3351 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3352 FILE *mtab = fopen("/etc/mtab", "r");
3353 struct mntent *entry;
3356 if (mtab && (fstat(fd, &stb) == 0)) {
3357 while (entry = getmntent(mtab)) {
3358 if (stat(entry->mnt_dir, &fsb) == 0
3359 && fsb.st_dev == stb.st_dev)
3361 /* found the filesystem */
3363 if (hasmntopt(entry, MNTOPT_NOSUID))
3365 if (hasmntopt(entry, MNTOPT_NOEXEC))
3368 } /* A single fs may well fail its stat(). */
3373 # endif /* getmntent+hasmntopt */
3376 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't check filesystem of script \"%s\" for nosuid/noexec", PL_origfilename);
3378 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script \"%s\" on nosuid filesystem", PL_origfilename);
3380 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script \"%s\" on noexec filesystem", PL_origfilename);
3381 return ((!check_okay) || on_nosuid || on_noexec);
3383 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3386 S_validate_suid(pTHX_ const char *validarg, const char *scriptname)
3391 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3393 /* do we need to emulate setuid on scripts? */
3395 /* This code is for those BSD systems that have setuid #! scripts disabled
3396 * in the kernel because of a security problem. Merely defining DOSUID
3397 * in perl will not fix that problem, but if you have disabled setuid
3398 * scripts in the kernel, this will attempt to emulate setuid and setgid
3399 * on scripts that have those now-otherwise-useless bits set. The setuid
3400 * root version must be called suidperl or sperlN.NNN. If regular perl
3401 * discovers that it has opened a setuid script, it calls suidperl with
3402 * the same argv that it had. If suidperl finds that the script it has
3403 * just opened is NOT setuid root, it sets the effective uid back to the
3404 * uid. We don't just make perl setuid root because that loses the
3405 * effective uid we had before invoking perl, if it was different from the
3408 * Description/comments above do not match current workings:
3409 * suidperl must be hardlinked to sperlN.NNN (that is what we exec);
3410 * suidperl called with script open and name changed to /dev/fd/N/X;
3411 * suidperl croaks if script is not setuid;
3412 * making perl setuid would be a huge security risk (and yes, that
3413 * would lose any euid we might have had).
3415 * DOSUID must be defined in both perl and suidperl, and IAMSUID must
3416 * be defined in suidperl only. suidperl must be setuid root. The
3417 * Configure script will set this up for you if you want it.
3423 if (PerlLIO_fstat(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),&PL_statbuf) < 0) /* normal stat is insecure */
3424 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't stat script \"%s\"",PL_origfilename);
3425 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & (S_ISUID|S_ISGID)) {
3427 const char *linestr;
3430 if (PL_fdscript < 0 || PL_suidscript != 1)
3431 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Need (suid) fdscript in suidperl\n"); /* We already checked this */
3433 * Since the script is opened by perl, not suidperl, some of these
3434 * checks are superfluous. Leaving them in probably does not lower
3438 * Do checks even for systems with no HAS_SETREUID.
3439 * We used to swap, then re-swap UIDs with
3441 if (setreuid(PL_euid,PL_uid) < 0
3442 || PerlProc_getuid() != PL_euid || PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_uid)
3443 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't swap uid and euid");
3446 if (setreuid(PL_uid,PL_euid) < 0
3447 || PerlProc_getuid() != PL_uid || PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_euid)
3448 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't reswap uid and euid");
3452 /* On this access check to make sure the directories are readable,
3453 * there is actually a small window that the user could use to make
3454 * filename point to an accessible directory. So there is a faint
3455 * chance that someone could execute a setuid script down in a
3456 * non-accessible directory. I don't know what to do about that.
3457 * But I don't think it's too important. The manual lies when
3458 * it says access() is useful in setuid programs.
3460 * So, access() is pretty useless... but not harmful... do anyway.
3462 if (PerlLIO_access(CopFILE(PL_curcop),1)) { /*double check*/
3463 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't access() script\n");
3466 /* If we can swap euid and uid, then we can determine access rights
3467 * with a simple stat of the file, and then compare device and
3468 * inode to make sure we did stat() on the same file we opened.
3469 * Then we just have to make sure he or she can execute it.
3472 * As the script is opened by perl, not suidperl, we do not need to
3473 * care much about access rights.
3475 * The 'script changed' check is needed, or we can get lied to
3476 * about $0 with e.g.
3477 * suidperl /dev/fd/4//bin/x 4<setuidscript
3478 * Without HAS_SETREUID, is it safe to stat() as root?
3480 * Are there any operating systems that pass /dev/fd/xxx for setuid
3481 * scripts, as suggested/described in perlsec(1)? Surely they do not
3482 * pass the script name as we do, so the "script changed" test would
3483 * fail for them... but we never get here with
3484 * SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW defined.
3486 * This is one place where we must "lie" about return status: not
3487 * say if the stat() failed. We are doing this as root, and could
3488 * be tricked into reporting existence or not of files that the
3489 * "plain" user cannot even see.
3493 if (PerlLIO_stat(CopFILE(PL_curcop),&tmpstatbuf) < 0 ||
3494 tmpstatbuf.st_dev != PL_statbuf.st_dev ||
3495 tmpstatbuf.st_ino != PL_statbuf.st_ino) {
3496 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script changed\n");
3500 if (!cando(S_IXUSR,FALSE,&PL_statbuf)) /* can real uid exec? */
3501 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Real UID cannot exec script\n");
3504 * We used to do this check as the "plain" user (after swapping
3505 * UIDs). But the check for nosuid and noexec filesystem is needed,
3506 * and should be done even without HAS_SETREUID. (Maybe those
3507 * operating systems do not have such mount options anyway...)
3508 * Seems safe enough to do as root.
3510 #if !defined(NO_NOSUID_CHECK)
3511 if (fd_on_nosuid_fs(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp))) {
3512 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script on nosuid or noexec filesystem\n");
3515 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3517 if (!S_ISREG(PL_statbuf.st_mode)) {
3518 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script not plain file\n");
3520 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_IWOTH)
3521 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid/gid script is writable by world");
3522 PL_doswitches = FALSE; /* -s is insecure in suid */
3523 /* PSz 13 Nov 03 But -s was caught elsewhere ... so unsetting it here is useless(?!) */
3524 CopLINE_inc(PL_curcop);
3525 linestr = SvPV_nolen_const(PL_linestr);
3526 if (sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0) == Nullch ||
3527 strnNE(linestr,"#!",2) ) /* required even on Sys V */
3528 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No #! line");
3532 /* Sanity check on line length */
3533 if (strlen(s) < 1 || strlen(s) > 4000)
3534 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Very long #! line");
3535 /* Allow more than a single space after #! */
3536 while (isSPACE(*s)) s++;
3537 /* Sanity check on buffer end */
3538 while ((*s) && !isSPACE(*s)) s++;
3539 for (s2 = s; (s2 > linestr &&
3540 (isDIGIT(s2[-1]) || s2[-1] == '.' || s2[-1] == '_'
3541 || s2[-1] == '-')); s2--) ;
3542 /* Sanity check on buffer start */
3543 if ( (s2-4 < linestr || strnNE(s2-4,"perl",4)) &&
3544 (s-9 < linestr || strnNE(s-9,"perl",4)) )
3545 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Not a perl script");
3546 while (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t') s++;
3548 * #! arg must be what we saw above. They can invoke it by
3549 * mentioning suidperl explicitly, but they may not add any strange
3550 * arguments beyond what #! says if they do invoke suidperl that way.
3553 * The way validarg was set up, we rely on the kernel to start
3554 * scripts with argv[1] set to contain all #! line switches (the
3558 * Check that we got all the arguments listed in the #! line (not
3559 * just that there are no extraneous arguments). Might not matter
3560 * much, as switches from #! line seem to be acted upon (also), and
3561 * so may be checked and trapped in perl. But, security checks must
3562 * be done in suidperl and not deferred to perl. Note that suidperl
3563 * does not get around to parsing (and checking) the switches on
3564 * the #! line (but execs perl sooner).
3565 * Allow (require) a trailing newline (which may be of two
3566 * characters on some architectures?) (but no other trailing
3569 len = strlen(validarg);
3570 if (strEQ(validarg," PHOOEY ") ||
3571 strnNE(s,validarg,len) || !isSPACE(s[len]) ||
3572 !(strlen(s) == len+1 || (strlen(s) == len+2 && isSPACE(s[len+1]))))
3573 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Args must match #! line");
3576 if (PL_fdscript < 0 &&
3577 PL_euid != PL_uid && (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID) &&
3578 PL_euid == PL_statbuf.st_uid)
3580 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "YOU HAVEN'T DISABLED SET-ID SCRIPTS IN THE KERNEL YET!\n\
3581 FIX YOUR KERNEL, OR PUT A C WRAPPER AROUND THIS SCRIPT!\n");
3582 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3584 if (PL_fdscript < 0 &&
3585 PL_euid) { /* oops, we're not the setuid root perl */
3587 * When root runs a setuid script, we do not go through the same
3588 * steps of execing sperl and then perl with fd scripts, but
3589 * simply set up UIDs within the same perl invocation; so do
3590 * not have the same checks (on options, whatever) that we have
3591 * for plain users. No problem really: would have to be a script
3592 * that does not actually work for plain users; and if root is
3593 * foolish and can be persuaded to run such an unsafe script, he
3594 * might run also non-setuid ones, and deserves what he gets.
3596 * Or, we might drop the PL_euid check above (and rely just on
3597 * PL_fdscript to avoid loops), and do the execs
3603 * Pass fd script to suidperl.
3604 * Exec suidperl, substituting fd script for scriptname.
3605 * Pass script name as "subdir" of fd, which perl will grok;
3606 * in fact will use that to distinguish this from "normal"
3607 * usage, see comments above.
3609 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
3610 PerlLIO_lseek(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),(Off_t)0,0); /* just in case rewind didn't */
3611 /* PSz 27 Feb 04 Sanity checks on scriptname */
3612 if ((!scriptname) || (!*scriptname) ) {
3613 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No setuid script name\n");
3615 if (*scriptname == '-') {
3616 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script name may not begin with dash\n");
3617 /* Or we might confuse it with an option when replacing
3618 * name in argument list, below (though we do pointer, not
3619 * string, comparisons).
3622 for (which = 1; PL_origargv[which] && PL_origargv[which] != scriptname; which++) ;
3623 if (!PL_origargv[which]) {
3624 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't change argv to have fd script\n");
3626 PL_origargv[which] = savepv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "/dev/fd/%d/%s",
3627 PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp), PL_origargv[which]));
3628 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3629 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,0); /* ensure no close-on-exec */
3632 PerlProc_execv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s/sperl"PERL_FS_VER_FMT, BIN_EXP,
3633 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
3634 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION), PL_origargv);
3636 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3637 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setuid (cannot exec sperl)\n");
3640 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISGID && PL_statbuf.st_gid != PL_egid) {
3642 * This seems back to front: we try HAS_SETEGID first; if not available
3643 * then try HAS_SETREGID; as a last chance we try HAS_SETRESGID. May be OK
3644 * in the sense that we only want to set EGID; but are there any machines
3645 * with either of the latter, but not the former? Same with UID, later.
3648 (void)setegid(PL_statbuf.st_gid);
3651 (void)setregid((Gid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_gid);
3653 #ifdef HAS_SETRESGID
3654 (void)setresgid((Gid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_gid,(Gid_t)-1);
3656 PerlProc_setgid(PL_statbuf.st_gid);
3660 if (PerlProc_getegid() != PL_statbuf.st_gid)
3661 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setegid!\n");
3663 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID) {
3664 if (PL_statbuf.st_uid != PL_euid)
3666 (void)seteuid(PL_statbuf.st_uid); /* all that for this */
3669 (void)setreuid((Uid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_uid);
3671 #ifdef HAS_SETRESUID
3672 (void)setresuid((Uid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_uid,(Uid_t)-1);
3674 PerlProc_setuid(PL_statbuf.st_uid);
3678 if (PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_statbuf.st_uid)
3679 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do seteuid!\n");
3681 else if (PL_uid) { /* oops, mustn't run as root */
3683 (void)seteuid((Uid_t)PL_uid);
3686 (void)setreuid((Uid_t)-1,(Uid_t)PL_uid);
3688 #ifdef HAS_SETRESUID
3689 (void)setresuid((Uid_t)-1,(Uid_t)PL_uid,(Uid_t)-1);
3691 PerlProc_setuid((Uid_t)PL_uid);
3695 if (PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_uid)
3696 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do seteuid!\n");
3699 if (!cando(S_IXUSR,TRUE,&PL_statbuf))
3700 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Effective UID cannot exec script\n"); /* they can't do this */
3703 else if (PL_preprocess) /* PSz 13 Nov 03 Caught elsewhere, useless(?!) here */
3704 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "-P not allowed for setuid/setgid script\n");
3705 else if (PL_fdscript < 0 || PL_suidscript != 1)
3706 /* PSz 13 Nov 03 Caught elsewhere, useless(?!) here */
3707 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "(suid) fdscript needed in suidperl\n");
3709 /* PSz 16 Sep 03 Keep neat error message */
3710 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Script is not setuid/setgid in suidperl\n");
3713 /* We absolutely must clear out any saved ids here, so we */
3714 /* exec the real perl, substituting fd script for scriptname. */
3715 /* (We pass script name as "subdir" of fd, which perl will grok.) */
3717 * It might be thought that using setresgid and/or setresuid (changed to
3718 * set the saved IDs) above might obviate the need to exec, and we could
3719 * go on to "do the perl thing".
3721 * Is there such a thing as "saved GID", and is that set for setuid (but
3722 * not setgid) execution like suidperl? Without exec, it would not be
3723 * cleared for setuid (but not setgid) scripts (or might need a dummy
3726 * We need suidperl to do the exact same argument checking that perl
3727 * does. Thus it cannot be very small; while it could be significantly
3728 * smaller, it is safer (simpler?) to make it essentially the same
3729 * binary as perl (but they are not identical). - Maybe could defer that
3730 * check to the invoked perl, and suidperl be a tiny wrapper instead;
3731 * but prefer to do thorough checks in suidperl itself. Such deferral
3732 * would make suidperl security rely on perl, a design no-no.
3734 * Setuid things should be short and simple, thus easy to understand and
3735 * verify. They should do their "own thing", without influence by
3736 * attackers. It may help if their internal execution flow is fixed,
3737 * regardless of platform: it may be best to exec anyway.
3739 * Suidperl should at least be conceptually simple: a wrapper only,
3740 * never to do any real perl. Maybe we should put
3742 * Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Suidperl should never do real perl\n");
3744 * into the perly bits.
3746 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
3747 PerlLIO_lseek(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),(Off_t)0,0); /* just in case rewind didn't */
3749 * Keep original arguments: suidperl already has fd script.
3751 /* for (which = 1; PL_origargv[which] && PL_origargv[which] != scriptname; which++) ; */
3752 /* if (!PL_origargv[which]) { */
3753 /* errno = EPERM; */
3754 /* Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Permission denied\n"); */
3756 /* PL_origargv[which] = savepv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "/dev/fd/%d/%s", */
3757 /* PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp), PL_origargv[which])); */
3758 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3759 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,0); /* ensure no close-on-exec */
3762 PerlProc_execv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s/perl"PERL_FS_VER_FMT, BIN_EXP,
3763 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
3764 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION), PL_origargv);/* try again */
3766 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setuid (suidperl cannot exec perl)\n");
3767 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3769 if (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid) { /* (suidperl doesn't exist, in fact) */
3770 #ifndef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
3771 PerlLIO_fstat(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),&PL_statbuf); /* may be either wrapped or real suid */
3772 if ((PL_euid != PL_uid && PL_euid == PL_statbuf.st_uid && PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID)
3774 (PL_egid != PL_gid && PL_egid == PL_statbuf.st_gid && PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISGID)
3777 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "YOU HAVEN'T DISABLED SET-ID SCRIPTS IN THE KERNEL YET!\n\
3778 FIX YOUR KERNEL, PUT A C WRAPPER AROUND THIS SCRIPT, OR USE -u AND UNDUMP!\n");
3779 #endif /* SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW */
3780 /* not set-id, must be wrapped */
3788 S_find_beginning(pTHX)
3791 register const char *s2;
3792 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3796 /* skip forward in input to the real script? */
3799 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3800 /* Since the Mac OS does not honor #! arguments for us, we do it ourselves */
3802 while (PL_doextract || gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
3803 if ((s = sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0)) == Nullch) {
3804 if (!gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract)
3805 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No Perl script found in input\n");
3807 if (PL_doextract) /* require explicit override ? */
3808 if (!OverrideExtract(PL_origfilename))
3809 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "User aborted script\n");
3811 PL_doextract = FALSE;
3813 /* Pater peccavi, file does not have #! */
3814 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
3819 while (PL_doextract) {
3820 if ((s = sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0)) == Nullch)
3821 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No Perl script found in input\n");
3824 if (*s == '#' && s[1] == '!' && ((s = instr(s,"perl")) || (s = instr(s2,"PERL")))) {
3825 PerlIO_ungetc(PL_rsfp, '\n'); /* to keep line count right */
3826 PL_doextract = FALSE;
3827 while (*s && !(isSPACE (*s) || *s == '#')) s++;
3829 while (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t') s++;
3831 while (isDIGIT(s2[-1]) || s2[-1] == '-' || s2[-1] == '.'
3832 || s2[-1] == '_') s2--;
3833 if (strnEQ(s2-4,"perl",4))
3835 while ((s = moreswitches(s)))
3838 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3839 /* We are always searching for the #!perl line in MacPerl,
3840 * so if we find it, still keep the line count correct
3841 * by counting lines we already skipped over
3843 for (; maclines > 0 ; maclines--)
3844 PerlIO_ungetc(PL_rsfp, '\n');
3848 /* gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract is false in MPW tool */
3849 } else if (gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
3860 PL_uid = PerlProc_getuid();
3861 PL_euid = PerlProc_geteuid();
3862 PL_gid = PerlProc_getgid();
3863 PL_egid = PerlProc_getegid();
3865 PL_uid |= PL_gid << 16;
3866 PL_euid |= PL_egid << 16;
3868 /* Should not happen: */
3869 CHECK_MALLOC_TAINT(PL_uid && (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid));
3870 PL_tainting |= (PL_uid && (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid));
3873 * Should go by suidscript, not uid!=euid: why disallow
3874 * system("ls") in scripts run from setuid things?
3875 * Or, is this run before we check arguments and set suidscript?
3876 * What about SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW: could we use fdscript then?
3877 * (We never have suidscript, can we be sure to have fdscript?)
3878 * Or must then go by UID checks? See comments in forbid_setid also.
3882 /* This is used very early in the lifetime of the program,
3883 * before even the options are parsed, so PL_tainting has
3884 * not been initialized properly. */
3886 Perl_doing_taint(int argc, char *argv[], char *envp[])
3888 #ifndef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
3889 /* If we have PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS we can't call getuid() et alia
3890 * before we have an interpreter-- and the whole point of this
3891 * function is to be called at such an early stage. If you are on
3892 * a system with PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS but you do have a concept of
3893 * "tainted because running with altered effective ids', you'll
3894 * have to add your own checks somewhere in here. The two most
3895 * known samples of 'implicitness' are Win32 and NetWare, neither
3896 * of which has much of concept of 'uids'. */
3897 int uid = PerlProc_getuid();
3898 int euid = PerlProc_geteuid();
3899 int gid = PerlProc_getgid();
3900 int egid = PerlProc_getegid();
3907 if (uid && (euid != uid || egid != gid))
3909 #endif /* !PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS */
3910 /* This is a really primitive check; environment gets ignored only
3911 * if -T are the first chars together; otherwise one gets
3912 * "Too late" message. */
3913 if ( argc > 1 && argv[1][0] == '-'
3914 && (argv[1][1] == 't' || argv[1][1] == 'T') )
3920 S_forbid_setid(pTHX_ const char *s)
3922 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
3923 if (PL_euid != PL_uid)
3924 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed while running setuid", s);
3925 if (PL_egid != PL_gid)
3926 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed while running setgid", s);
3927 #endif /* SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW */
3929 * Checks for UID/GID above "wrong": why disallow
3930 * perl -e 'print "Hello\n"'
3931 * from within setuid things?? Simply drop them: replaced by
3932 * fdscript/suidscript and #ifdef IAMSUID checks below.
3934 * This may be too late for command-line switches. Will catch those on
3935 * the #! line, after finding the script name and setting up
3936 * fdscript/suidscript. Note that suidperl does not get around to
3937 * parsing (and checking) the switches on the #! line, but checks that
3938 * the two sets are identical.
3940 * With SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW, could we use fdscript, also or
3941 * instead, or would that be "too late"? (We never have suidscript, can
3942 * we be sure to have fdscript?)
3944 * Catch things with suidscript (in descendant of suidperl), even with
3945 * right UID/GID. Was already checked in suidperl, with #ifdef IAMSUID,
3946 * below; but I am paranoid.
3948 * Also see comments about root running a setuid script, elsewhere.
3950 if (PL_suidscript >= 0)
3951 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed with (suid) fdscript", s);
3953 /* PSz 11 Nov 03 Catch it in suidperl, always! */
3954 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed in suidperl", s);
3955 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3959 Perl_init_debugger(pTHX)
3961 HV *ostash = PL_curstash;
3963 PL_curstash = PL_debstash;
3964 PL_dbargs = GvAV(gv_AVadd((gv_fetchpv("DB::args", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVAV))));
3965 AvREAL_off(PL_dbargs);
3966 PL_DBgv = gv_fetchpv("DB::DB", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVGV);
3967 PL_DBline = gv_fetchpv("DB::dbline", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVAV);
3968 PL_DBsub = gv_HVadd(gv_fetchpv("DB::sub", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
3969 PL_DBsingle = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("DB::single", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
3970 sv_setiv(PL_DBsingle, 0);
3971 PL_DBtrace = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("DB::trace", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
3972 sv_setiv(PL_DBtrace, 0);
3973 PL_DBsignal = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("DB::signal", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
3974 sv_setiv(PL_DBsignal, 0);
3975 PL_DBassertion = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("DB::assertion", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
3976 sv_setiv(PL_DBassertion, 0);
3977 PL_curstash = ostash;
3980 #ifndef STRESS_REALLOC
3981 #define REASONABLE(size) (size)
3983 #define REASONABLE(size) (1) /* unreasonable */
3987 Perl_init_stacks(pTHX)
3989 /* start with 128-item stack and 8K cxstack */
3990 PL_curstackinfo = new_stackinfo(REASONABLE(128),
3991 REASONABLE(8192/sizeof(PERL_CONTEXT) - 1));
3992 PL_curstackinfo->si_type = PERLSI_MAIN;
3993 PL_curstack = PL_curstackinfo->si_stack;
3994 PL_mainstack = PL_curstack; /* remember in case we switch stacks */
3996 PL_stack_base = AvARRAY(PL_curstack);
3997 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base;
3998 PL_stack_max = PL_stack_base + AvMAX(PL_curstack);
4000 New(50,PL_tmps_stack,REASONABLE(128),SV*);
4003 PL_tmps_max = REASONABLE(128);
4005 New(54,PL_markstack,REASONABLE(32),I32);
4006 PL_markstack_ptr = PL_markstack;
4007 PL_markstack_max = PL_markstack + REASONABLE(32);
4011 New(54,PL_scopestack,REASONABLE(32),I32);
4012 PL_scopestack_ix = 0;
4013 PL_scopestack_max = REASONABLE(32);
4015 New(54,PL_savestack,REASONABLE(128),ANY);
4016 PL_savestack_ix = 0;
4017 PL_savestack_max = REASONABLE(128);
4025 while (PL_curstackinfo->si_next)
4026 PL_curstackinfo = PL_curstackinfo->si_next;
4027 while (PL_curstackinfo) {
4028 PERL_SI *p = PL_curstackinfo->si_prev;
4029 /* curstackinfo->si_stack got nuked by sv_free_arenas() */
4030 Safefree(PL_curstackinfo->si_cxstack);
4031 Safefree(PL_curstackinfo);
4032 PL_curstackinfo = p;
4034 Safefree(PL_tmps_stack);
4035 Safefree(PL_markstack);
4036 Safefree(PL_scopestack);
4037 Safefree(PL_savestack);
4046 lex_start(PL_linestr);
4048 PL_subname = newSVpvn("main",4);
4052 S_init_predump_symbols(pTHX)
4057 sv_setpvn(get_sv("\"", TRUE), " ", 1);
4058 PL_stdingv = gv_fetchpv("STDIN",TRUE, SVt_PVIO);
4059 GvMULTI_on(PL_stdingv);
4060 io = GvIOp(PL_stdingv);
4061 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_RDONLY;
4062 IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stdin();
4063 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("stdin",TRUE, SVt_PV);
4065 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc(io);
4067 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("STDOUT",TRUE, SVt_PVIO);
4070 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_WRONLY;
4071 IoOFP(io) = IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stdout();
4073 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("stdout",TRUE, SVt_PV);
4075 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc(io);
4077 PL_stderrgv = gv_fetchpv("STDERR",TRUE, SVt_PVIO);
4078 GvMULTI_on(PL_stderrgv);
4079 io = GvIOp(PL_stderrgv);
4080 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_WRONLY;
4081 IoOFP(io) = IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stderr();
4082 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("stderr",TRUE, SVt_PV);
4084 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc(io);
4086 PL_statname = NEWSV(66,0); /* last filename we did stat on */
4089 Safefree(PL_osname);
4090 PL_osname = savepv(OSNAME);
4094 Perl_init_argv_symbols(pTHX_ register int argc, register char **argv)
4097 argc--,argv++; /* skip name of script */
4098 if (PL_doswitches) {
4099 for (; argc > 0 && **argv == '-'; argc--,argv++) {
4102 if (argv[0][1] == '-' && !argv[0][2]) {
4106 if ((s = strchr(argv[0], '='))) {
4108 sv_setpv(GvSV(gv_fetchpv(argv[0]+1,TRUE, SVt_PV)),s);
4111 sv_setiv(GvSV(gv_fetchpv(argv[0]+1,TRUE, SVt_PV)),1);
4114 if ((PL_argvgv = gv_fetchpv("ARGV",TRUE, SVt_PVAV))) {
4115 GvMULTI_on(PL_argvgv);
4116 (void)gv_AVadd(PL_argvgv);
4117 av_clear(GvAVn(PL_argvgv));
4118 for (; argc > 0; argc--,argv++) {
4119 SV *sv = newSVpv(argv[0],0);
4120 av_push(GvAVn(PL_argvgv),sv);
4121 if (!(PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_LOCALE_FLAG) || PL_utf8locale) {
4122 if (PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_ARGV_FLAG)
4125 if (PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_WIDESYSCALLS_FLAG) /* Sarathy? */
4126 (void)sv_utf8_decode(sv);
4132 S_init_postdump_symbols(pTHX_ register int argc, register char **argv, register char **env)
4137 PL_toptarget = NEWSV(0,0);
4138 sv_upgrade(PL_toptarget, SVt_PVFM);
4139 sv_setpvn(PL_toptarget, "", 0);
4140 PL_bodytarget = NEWSV(0,0);
4141 sv_upgrade(PL_bodytarget, SVt_PVFM);
4142 sv_setpvn(PL_bodytarget, "", 0);
4143 PL_formtarget = PL_bodytarget;
4147 init_argv_symbols(argc,argv);
4149 if ((tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("0",TRUE, SVt_PV))) {
4150 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4151 /* $0 is not majick on a Mac */
4152 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv),MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
4154 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv),PL_origfilename);
4155 magicname("0", "0", 1);
4158 if ((PL_envgv = gv_fetchpv("ENV",TRUE, SVt_PVHV))) {
4160 GvMULTI_on(PL_envgv);
4161 hv = GvHVn(PL_envgv);
4162 hv_magic(hv, Nullgv, PERL_MAGIC_env);
4164 #ifdef USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY
4165 /* Note that if the supplied env parameter is actually a copy
4166 of the global environ then it may now point to free'd memory
4167 if the environment has been modified since. To avoid this
4168 problem we treat env==NULL as meaning 'use the default'
4173 # ifdef USE_ITHREADS
4174 && PL_curinterp == aTHX
4178 environ[0] = Nullch;
4181 char** origenv = environ;
4184 for (; *env; env++) {
4185 if (!(s = strchr(*env,'=')) || s == *env)
4187 #if defined(MSDOS) && !defined(DJGPP)
4192 sv = newSVpv(s+1, 0);
4193 (void)hv_store(hv, *env, s - *env, sv, 0);
4196 if (origenv != environ) {
4197 /* realloc has shifted us */
4198 env = (env - origenv) + environ;
4203 #endif /* USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY */
4204 #endif /* !PERL_MICRO */
4207 if ((tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("$",TRUE, SVt_PV))) {
4208 SvREADONLY_off(GvSV(tmpgv));
4209 sv_setiv(GvSV(tmpgv), (IV)PerlProc_getpid());
4210 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(tmpgv));
4212 #ifdef THREADS_HAVE_PIDS
4213 PL_ppid = (IV)getppid();
4216 /* touch @F array to prevent spurious warnings 20020415 MJD */
4218 (void) get_av("main::F", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4220 /* touch @- and @+ arrays to prevent spurious warnings 20020415 MJD */
4221 (void) get_av("main::-", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4222 (void) get_av("main::+", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4226 S_init_perllib(pTHX)
4231 s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL5LIB");
4233 incpush(s, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE);
4235 incpush(PerlEnv_getenv("PERLLIB"), FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4237 /* Treat PERL5?LIB as a possible search list logical name -- the
4238 * "natural" VMS idiom for a Unix path string. We allow each
4239 * element to be a set of |-separated directories for compatibility.
4243 if (my_trnlnm("PERL5LIB",buf,0))
4244 do { incpush(buf,TRUE,TRUE,TRUE,FALSE); } while (my_trnlnm("PERL5LIB",buf,++idx));
4246 while (my_trnlnm("PERLLIB",buf,idx++)) incpush(buf,FALSE,FALSE,TRUE,FALSE);
4250 /* Use the ~-expanded versions of APPLLIB (undocumented),
4251 ARCHLIB PRIVLIB SITEARCH SITELIB VENDORARCH and VENDORLIB
4254 incpush(APPLLIB_EXP, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4258 incpush(ARCHLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4260 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4263 SV * privdir = NEWSV(55, 0);
4264 char * macperl = PerlEnv_getenv("MACPERL");
4269 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ privdir, "%slib:", macperl);
4270 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(privdir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 && S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode))
4271 incpush(SvPVX(privdir), TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4272 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ privdir, "%ssite_perl:", macperl);
4273 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(privdir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 && S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode))
4274 incpush(SvPVX(privdir), TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4276 SvREFCNT_dec(privdir);
4279 incpush(":", FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4282 # define PRIVLIB_EXP "/usr/local/lib/perl5:/usr/local/lib/perl"
4285 incpush(PRIVLIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4287 incpush(PRIVLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4291 /* sitearch is always relative to sitelib on Windows for
4292 * DLL-based path intuition to work correctly */
4293 # if !defined(WIN32)
4294 incpush(SITEARCH_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4300 /* this picks up sitearch as well */
4301 incpush(SITELIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4303 incpush(SITELIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4307 #ifdef SITELIB_STEM /* Search for version-specific dirs below here */
4308 incpush(SITELIB_STEM, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4311 #ifdef PERL_VENDORARCH_EXP
4312 /* vendorarch is always relative to vendorlib on Windows for
4313 * DLL-based path intuition to work correctly */
4314 # if !defined(WIN32)
4315 incpush(PERL_VENDORARCH_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4319 #ifdef PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP
4321 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE); /* this picks up vendorarch as well */
4323 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4327 #ifdef PERL_VENDORLIB_STEM /* Search for version-specific dirs below here */
4328 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_STEM, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4331 #ifdef PERL_OTHERLIBDIRS
4332 incpush(PERL_OTHERLIBDIRS, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4336 incpush(".", FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4337 #endif /* MACOS_TRADITIONAL */
4340 #if defined(DOSISH) || defined(EPOC) || defined(SYMBIAN)
4341 # define PERLLIB_SEP ';'
4344 # define PERLLIB_SEP '|'
4346 # if defined(MACOS_TRADITIONAL)
4347 # define PERLLIB_SEP ','
4349 # define PERLLIB_SEP ':'
4353 #ifndef PERLLIB_MANGLE
4354 # define PERLLIB_MANGLE(s,n) (s)
4357 /* Push a directory onto @INC if it exists.
4358 Generate a new SV if we do this, to save needing to copy the SV we push
4361 S_incpush_if_exists(pTHX_ SV *dir)
4364 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(dir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 &&
4365 S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode)) {
4366 av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), dir);
4373 S_incpush(pTHX_ const char *dir, bool addsubdirs, bool addoldvers, bool usesep,
4376 SV *subdir = Nullsv;
4377 const char *p = dir;
4382 if (addsubdirs || addoldvers) {
4383 subdir = NEWSV(0,0);
4386 /* Break at all separators */
4388 SV *libdir = NEWSV(55,0);
4391 /* skip any consecutive separators */
4393 while ( *p == PERLLIB_SEP ) {
4394 /* Uncomment the next line for PATH semantics */
4395 /* av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), newSVpvn(".", 1)); */
4400 if ( usesep && (s = strchr(p, PERLLIB_SEP)) != Nullch ) {
4401 sv_setpvn(libdir, PERLLIB_MANGLE(p, (STRLEN)(s - p)),
4406 sv_setpv(libdir, PERLLIB_MANGLE(p, 0));
4407 p = Nullch; /* break out */
4409 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4410 if (!strchr(SvPVX(libdir), ':')) {
4413 sv_setpv(libdir, MacPerl_CanonDir(SvPVX(libdir), buf, 0));
4415 if (SvPVX(libdir)[SvCUR(libdir)-1] != ':')
4416 sv_catpv(libdir, ":");
4419 /* Do the if() outside the #ifdef to avoid warnings about an unused
4422 #ifdef PERL_RELOCATABLE_INC
4424 * Relocatable include entries are marked with a leading .../
4427 * 0: Remove that leading ".../"
4428 * 1: Remove trailing executable name (anything after the last '/')
4429 * from the perl path to give a perl prefix
4431 * While the @INC element starts "../" and the prefix ends with a real
4432 * directory (ie not . or ..) chop that real directory off the prefix
4433 * and the leading "../" from the @INC element. ie a logical "../"
4435 * Finally concatenate the prefix and the remainder of the @INC element
4436 * The intent is that /usr/local/bin/perl and .../../lib/perl5
4437 * generates /usr/local/lib/perl5
4439 char *libpath = SvPVX(libdir);
4440 STRLEN libpath_len = SvCUR(libdir);
4441 if (libpath_len >= 4 && memEQ (libpath, ".../", 4)) {
4443 SV *caret_X = get_sv("\030", 0);
4444 /* Going to use the SV just as a scratch buffer holding a C
4450 /* $^X is *the* source of taint if tainting is on, hence
4451 SvPOK() won't be true. */
4453 assert(SvPOKp(caret_X));
4454 prefix_sv = newSVpvn(SvPVX(caret_X), SvCUR(caret_X));
4455 /* Firstly take off the leading .../
4456 If all else fail we'll do the paths relative to the current
4458 sv_chop(libdir, libpath + 4);
4459 /* Don't use SvPV as we're intentionally bypassing taining,
4460 mortal copies that the mg_get of tainting creates, and
4461 corruption that seems to come via the save stack.
4462 I guess that the save stack isn't correctly set up yet. */
4463 libpath = SvPVX(libdir);
4464 libpath_len = SvCUR(libdir);
4466 /* This would work more efficiently with memrchr, but as it's
4467 only a GNU extension we'd need to probe for it and
4468 implement our own. Not hard, but maybe not worth it? */
4470 prefix = SvPVX(prefix_sv);
4471 lastslash = strrchr(prefix, '/');
4473 /* First time in with the *lastslash = '\0' we just wipe off
4474 the trailing /perl from (say) /usr/foo/bin/perl
4478 while ((*lastslash = '\0'), /* Do that, come what may. */
4479 (libpath_len >= 3 && memEQ(libpath, "../", 3)
4480 && (lastslash = strrchr(prefix, '/')))) {
4481 if (lastslash[1] == '\0'
4482 || (lastslash[1] == '.'
4483 && (lastslash[2] == '/' /* ends "/." */
4484 || (lastslash[2] == '/'
4485 && lastslash[3] == '/' /* or "/.." */
4487 /* Prefix ends "/" or "/." or "/..", any of which
4488 are fishy, so don't do any more logical cleanup.
4492 /* Remove leading "../" from path */
4495 /* Next iteration round the loop removes the last
4496 directory name from prefix by writing a '\0' in
4497 the while clause. */
4499 /* prefix has been terminated with a '\0' to the correct
4500 length. libpath points somewhere into the libdir SV.
4501 We need to join the 2 with '/' and drop the result into
4503 tempsv = Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "%s/%s", prefix, libpath);
4504 SvREFCNT_dec(libdir);
4505 /* And this is the new libdir. */
4508 (PL_uid != PL_euid || PL_gid != PL_egid)) {
4509 /* Need to taint reloccated paths if running set ID */
4510 SvTAINTED_on(libdir);
4513 SvREFCNT_dec(prefix_sv);
4518 * BEFORE pushing libdir onto @INC we may first push version- and
4519 * archname-specific sub-directories.
4521 if (addsubdirs || addoldvers) {
4522 #ifdef PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST
4523 /* Configure terminates PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST with a NULL */
4524 const char *incverlist[] = { PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST };
4525 const char **incver;
4531 if ((unix = tounixspec_ts(SvPV(libdir,len),Nullch)) != Nullch) {
4533 while (unix[len-1] == '/') len--; /* Cosmetic */
4534 sv_usepvn(libdir,unix,len);
4537 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log,
4538 "Failed to unixify @INC element \"%s\"\n",
4542 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4543 #define PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT ""
4544 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT "%s:"
4545 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_FS_VER_FMT PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT
4547 #define PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT "/"
4548 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT "/%s"
4549 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT PERL_FS_VER_FMT
4551 /* .../version/archname if -d .../version/archname */
4552 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_ARCH_FMT,
4554 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
4555 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION, ARCHNAME);
4556 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
4558 /* .../version if -d .../version */
4559 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH, libdir,
4560 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
4561 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION);
4562 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
4564 /* .../archname if -d .../archname */
4565 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT, libdir, ARCHNAME);
4566 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
4570 #ifdef PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST
4572 for (incver = incverlist; *incver; incver++) {
4573 /* .../xxx if -d .../xxx */
4574 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT, libdir, *incver);
4575 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
4581 /* finally push this lib directory on the end of @INC */
4582 av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), libdir);
4585 assert (SvREFCNT(subdir) == 1);
4586 SvREFCNT_dec(subdir);
4590 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
4591 STATIC struct perl_thread *
4592 S_init_main_thread(pTHX)
4594 #if !defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
4595 struct perl_thread *thr;
4599 Newz(53, thr, 1, struct perl_thread);
4600 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
4601 thr->interp = PERL_GET_INTERP;
4602 thr->cvcache = newHV();
4603 thr->threadsv = newAV();
4604 /* thr->threadsvp is set when find_threadsv is called */
4605 thr->specific = newAV();
4606 thr->flags = THRf_R_JOINABLE;
4607 MUTEX_INIT(&thr->mutex);
4608 /* Handcraft thrsv similarly to mess_sv */
4609 New(53, PL_thrsv, 1, SV);
4610 Newz(53, xpv, 1, XPV);
4611 SvFLAGS(PL_thrsv) = SVt_PV;
4612 SvANY(PL_thrsv) = (void*)xpv;
4613 SvREFCNT(PL_thrsv) = 1 << 30; /* practically infinite */
4614 SvPV_set(PL_thrsvr, (char*)thr);
4615 SvCUR_set(PL_thrsv, sizeof(thr));
4616 SvLEN_set(PL_thrsv, sizeof(thr));
4617 *SvEND(PL_thrsv) = '\0'; /* in the trailing_nul field */
4618 thr->oursv = PL_thrsv;
4619 PL_chopset = " \n-";
4622 MUTEX_LOCK(&PL_threads_mutex);
4628 MUTEX_UNLOCK(&PL_threads_mutex);
4630 #ifdef HAVE_THREAD_INTERN
4631 Perl_init_thread_intern(thr);
4634 #ifdef SET_THREAD_SELF
4635 SET_THREAD_SELF(thr);
4637 thr->self = pthread_self();
4638 #endif /* SET_THREAD_SELF */
4642 * These must come after the thread self setting
4643 * because sv_setpvn does SvTAINT and the taint
4644 * fields thread selfness being set.
4646 PL_toptarget = NEWSV(0,0);
4647 sv_upgrade(PL_toptarget, SVt_PVFM);
4648 sv_setpvn(PL_toptarget, "", 0);
4649 PL_bodytarget = NEWSV(0,0);
4650 sv_upgrade(PL_bodytarget, SVt_PVFM);
4651 sv_setpvn(PL_bodytarget, "", 0);
4652 PL_formtarget = PL_bodytarget;
4653 thr->errsv = newSVpvn("", 0);
4654 (void) find_threadsv("@"); /* Ensure $@ is initialised early */
4657 PL_peepp = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_peep);
4658 PL_regcompp = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_pregcomp);
4659 PL_regexecp = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_regexec_flags);
4660 PL_regint_start = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_re_intuit_start);
4661 PL_regint_string = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_re_intuit_string);
4662 PL_regfree = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_pregfree);
4664 PL_reginterp_cnt = 0;
4668 #endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
4671 Perl_call_list(pTHX_ I32 oldscope, AV *paramList)
4675 const line_t oldline = CopLINE(PL_curcop);
4681 while (av_len(paramList) >= 0) {
4682 cv = (CV*)av_shift(paramList);
4684 if (paramList == PL_beginav) {
4685 /* save PL_beginav for compiler */
4686 if (! PL_beginav_save)
4687 PL_beginav_save = newAV();
4688 av_push(PL_beginav_save, (SV*)cv);
4690 else if (paramList == PL_checkav) {
4691 /* save PL_checkav for compiler */
4692 if (! PL_checkav_save)
4693 PL_checkav_save = newAV();
4694 av_push(PL_checkav_save, (SV*)cv);
4704 (void)SvPV_const(atsv, len);
4706 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
4707 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
4708 if (paramList == PL_beginav)
4709 sv_catpv(atsv, "BEGIN failed--compilation aborted");
4711 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ atsv,
4712 "%s failed--call queue aborted",
4713 paramList == PL_checkav ? "CHECK"
4714 : paramList == PL_initav ? "INIT"
4716 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
4719 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%"SVf"", atsv);
4726 /* my_exit() was called */
4727 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
4730 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
4731 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
4732 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
4734 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED)) {
4735 if (paramList == PL_beginav)
4736 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "BEGIN failed--compilation aborted");
4738 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s failed--call queue aborted",
4739 paramList == PL_checkav ? "CHECK"
4740 : paramList == PL_initav ? "INIT"
4747 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
4748 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
4751 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: restartop\n");
4760 S_call_list_body(pTHX_ CV *cv)
4762 PUSHMARK(PL_stack_sp);
4763 call_sv((SV*)cv, G_EVAL|G_DISCARD);
4768 Perl_my_exit(pTHX_ U32 status)
4770 DEBUG_S(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "my_exit: thread %p, status %lu\n",
4771 thr, (unsigned long) status));
4780 STATUS_NATIVE_SET(status);
4787 Perl_my_failure_exit(pTHX)
4790 if (vaxc$errno & 1) {
4791 if (STATUS_NATIVE & 1) /* fortuitiously includes "-1" */
4792 STATUS_NATIVE_SET(44);
4795 if (!vaxc$errno) /* unlikely */
4796 STATUS_NATIVE_SET(44);
4798 STATUS_NATIVE_SET(vaxc$errno);
4803 STATUS_UNIX_SET(errno);
4805 exitstatus = STATUS_UNIX >> 8;
4806 if (exitstatus & 255)
4807 STATUS_UNIX_SET(exitstatus);
4809 STATUS_UNIX_SET(255);
4816 S_my_exit_jump(pTHX)
4819 register PERL_CONTEXT *cx;
4824 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
4825 PL_e_script = Nullsv;
4828 POPSTACK_TO(PL_mainstack);
4829 if (cxstack_ix >= 0) {
4832 POPBLOCK(cx,PL_curpm);
4840 read_e_script(pTHX_ int idx, SV *buf_sv, int maxlen)
4846 p = SvPVX(PL_e_script);
4847 nl = strchr(p, '\n');
4848 nl = (nl) ? nl+1 : SvEND(PL_e_script);
4850 filter_del(read_e_script);
4853 sv_catpvn(buf_sv, p, nl-p);
4854 sv_chop(PL_e_script, nl);
4860 * c-indentation-style: bsd
4862 * indent-tabs-mode: t
4865 * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 noet: