3 * Copyright (C) 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
4 * 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * "A ship then new they built for him/of mithril and of elven glass" --Bilbo
15 /* This file contains the top-level functions that are used to create, use
16 * and destroy a perl interpreter, plus the functions used by XS code to
17 * call back into perl. Note that it does not contain the actual main()
18 * function of the interpreter; that can be found in perlmain.c
23 * Be proud that perl(1) may proclaim:
24 * Setuid Perl scripts are safer than C programs ...
25 * Do not abandon (deprecate) suidperl. Do not advocate C wrappers.
27 * The flow was: perl starts, notices script is suid, execs suidperl with same
28 * arguments; suidperl opens script, checks many things, sets itself with
29 * right UID, execs perl with similar arguments but with script pre-opened on
30 * /dev/fd/xxx; perl checks script is as should be and does work. This was
31 * insecure: see perlsec(1) for many problems with this approach.
33 * The "correct" flow should be: perl starts, opens script and notices it is
34 * suid, checks many things, execs suidperl with similar arguments but with
35 * script on /dev/fd/xxx; suidperl checks script and /dev/fd/xxx object are
36 * same, checks arguments match #! line, sets itself with right UID, execs
37 * perl with same arguments; perl checks many things and does work.
39 * (Opening the script in perl instead of suidperl, we "lose" scripts that
40 * are readable to the target UID but not to the invoker. Where did
41 * unreadable scripts work anyway?)
43 * For now, suidperl and perl are pretty much the same large and cumbersome
44 * program, so suidperl can check its argument list (see comments elsewhere).
47 * Original bug report:
48 * http://bugs.perl.org/index.html?req=bug_id&bug_id=20010322.218
49 * http://rt.perl.org/rt2/Ticket/Display.html?id=6511
50 * Comments and discussion with Debian:
51 * http://bugs.debian.org/203426
52 * http://bugs.debian.org/220486
53 * Debian Security Advisory DSA 431-1 (does not fully fix problem):
54 * http://www.debian.org/security/2004/dsa-431
56 * http://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CAN-2003-0618
57 * Previous versions of this patch sent to perl5-porters:
58 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg71953.html
59 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75245.html
60 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75563.html
61 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75635.html
63 Paul Szabo - psz@maths.usyd.edu.au http://www.maths.usyd.edu.au:8000/u/psz/
64 School of Mathematics and Statistics University of Sydney 2006 Australia
68 * Use truthful, neat, specific error messages.
69 * Cannot always hide the truth; security must not depend on doing so.
73 * Use global(?), thread-local fdscript for easier checks.
74 * (I do not understand how we could possibly get a thread race:
75 * do not all threads go through the same initialization? Or in
76 * fact, are not threads started only after we get the script and
77 * so know what to do? Oh well, make things super-safe...)
81 #define PERL_IN_PERL_C
83 #include "patchlevel.h" /* for local_patches */
87 char *nw_get_sitelib(const char *pl);
90 /* XXX If this causes problems, set i_unistd=undef in the hint file. */
107 #if !defined(STANDARD_C) && !defined(HAS_GETENV_PROTOTYPE) && !defined(PERL_MICRO)
108 char *getenv (char *); /* Usually in <stdlib.h> */
111 static I32 read_e_script(pTHX_ int idx, SV *buf_sv, int maxlen);
119 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
126 S_init_tls_and_interp(PerlInterpreter *my_perl)
130 PERL_SET_INTERP(my_perl);
131 #if defined(USE_ITHREADS)
134 PERL_SET_THX(my_perl);
136 MUTEX_INIT(&PL_dollarzero_mutex);
140 PERL_SET_THX(my_perl);
144 #ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
146 perl_alloc_using(struct IPerlMem* ipM, struct IPerlMem* ipMS,
147 struct IPerlMem* ipMP, struct IPerlEnv* ipE,
148 struct IPerlStdIO* ipStd, struct IPerlLIO* ipLIO,
149 struct IPerlDir* ipD, struct IPerlSock* ipS,
150 struct IPerlProc* ipP)
152 PerlInterpreter *my_perl;
153 /* New() needs interpreter, so call malloc() instead */
154 my_perl = (PerlInterpreter*)(*ipM->pMalloc)(ipM, sizeof(PerlInterpreter));
155 S_init_tls_and_interp(my_perl);
156 Zero(my_perl, 1, PerlInterpreter);
172 =head1 Embedding Functions
174 =for apidoc perl_alloc
176 Allocates a new Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
184 PerlInterpreter *my_perl;
186 /* New() needs interpreter, so call malloc() instead */
187 my_perl = (PerlInterpreter*)PerlMem_malloc(sizeof(PerlInterpreter));
189 S_init_tls_and_interp(my_perl);
190 return (PerlInterpreter *) ZeroD(my_perl, 1, PerlInterpreter);
192 #endif /* PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS */
195 =for apidoc perl_construct
197 Initializes a new Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
203 perl_construct(pTHXx)
208 PL_perl_destruct_level = 1;
210 if (PL_perl_destruct_level > 0)
213 /* Init the real globals (and main thread)? */
215 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling; /* needed by ckWARN, right away */
217 PL_linestr = NEWSV(65,79);
218 sv_upgrade(PL_linestr,SVt_PVIV);
220 if (!SvREADONLY(&PL_sv_undef)) {
221 /* set read-only and try to insure than we wont see REFCNT==0
224 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_undef);
225 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_undef) = (~(U32)0)/2;
227 sv_setpv(&PL_sv_no,PL_No);
228 /* value lookup in void context - happens to have the side effect
229 of caching the numeric forms. */
232 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_no);
233 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_no) = (~(U32)0)/2;
235 sv_setpv(&PL_sv_yes,PL_Yes);
238 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_yes);
239 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_yes) = (~(U32)0)/2;
241 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_placeholder);
242 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_placeholder) = (~(U32)0)/2;
245 PL_sighandlerp = Perl_sighandler;
246 PL_pidstatus = newHV();
249 PL_rs = newSVpvn("\n", 1);
254 PL_lex_state = LEX_NOTPARSING;
260 SET_NUMERIC_STANDARD();
262 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
263 PL_localpatches = local_patches; /* For possible -v */
266 #ifdef HAVE_INTERP_INTERN
270 PerlIO_init(aTHX); /* Hook to IO system */
272 PL_fdpid = newAV(); /* for remembering popen pids by fd */
273 PL_modglobal = newHV(); /* pointers to per-interpreter module globals */
274 PL_errors = newSVpvn("",0);
275 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(0), "", 0); /* For regex debugging. */
276 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(1), "", 0); /* ext/re needs these */
277 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(2), "", 0); /* even without DEBUGGING. */
279 PL_regex_padav = newAV();
280 av_push(PL_regex_padav,(SV*)newAV()); /* First entry is an array of empty elements */
281 PL_regex_pad = AvARRAY(PL_regex_padav);
283 #ifdef USE_REENTRANT_API
284 Perl_reentrant_init(aTHX);
287 /* Note that strtab is a rather special HV. Assumptions are made
288 about not iterating on it, and not adding tie magic to it.
289 It is properly deallocated in perl_destruct() */
292 HvSHAREKEYS_off(PL_strtab); /* mandatory */
293 hv_ksplit(PL_strtab, 512);
295 #if defined(__DYNAMIC__) && (defined(NeXT) || defined(__NeXT__))
296 _dyld_lookup_and_bind
297 ("__environ", (unsigned long *) &environ_pointer, NULL);
301 # ifdef USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY
302 PL_origenviron = environ;
306 /* Use sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK) if available, if not
307 * available or if the sysconf() fails, use the HZ.
308 * BeOS has those, but returns the wrong value.
309 * The HZ if not originally defined has been by now
310 * been defined as CLK_TCK, if available. */
311 #if defined(HAS_SYSCONF) && defined(_SC_CLK_TCK) && !defined(__BEOS__)
312 PL_clocktick = sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK);
313 if (PL_clocktick <= 0)
317 PL_stashcache = newHV();
319 PL_patchlevel = newSVpv(
320 Perl_form(aTHX_ "%d.%d.%d",
323 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION ), 0
327 if (!PL_mmap_page_size) {
328 #if defined(HAS_SYSCONF) && (defined(_SC_PAGESIZE) || defined(_SC_MMAP_PAGE_SIZE))
330 SETERRNO(0, SS_NORMAL);
332 PL_mmap_page_size = sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE);
334 PL_mmap_page_size = sysconf(_SC_MMAP_PAGE_SIZE);
336 if ((long) PL_mmap_page_size < 0) {
339 (void) SvUPGRADE(error, SVt_PV);
340 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: sysconf: %s", SvPV_nolen_const(error));
343 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: sysconf: pagesize unknown");
347 # ifdef HAS_GETPAGESIZE
348 PL_mmap_page_size = getpagesize();
350 # if defined(I_SYS_PARAM) && defined(PAGESIZE)
351 PL_mmap_page_size = PAGESIZE; /* compiletime, bad */
355 if (PL_mmap_page_size <= 0)
356 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: bad pagesize %" IVdf,
357 (IV) PL_mmap_page_size);
359 #endif /* HAS_MMAP */
361 #if defined(HAS_TIMES) && defined(PERL_NEED_TIMESBASE)
362 PL_timesbase.tms_utime = 0;
363 PL_timesbase.tms_stime = 0;
364 PL_timesbase.tms_cutime = 0;
365 PL_timesbase.tms_cstime = 0;
372 =for apidoc nothreadhook
374 Stub that provides thread hook for perl_destruct when there are
381 Perl_nothreadhook(pTHX)
387 =for apidoc perl_destruct
389 Shuts down a Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
398 volatile int destruct_level; /* 0=none, 1=full, 2=full with checks */
401 /* wait for all pseudo-forked children to finish */
402 PERL_WAIT_FOR_CHILDREN;
404 destruct_level = PL_perl_destruct_level;
408 if ((s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL"))) {
409 const int i = atoi(s);
410 if (destruct_level < i)
416 if (PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_DESTRUCT_END) {
421 if (PL_endav && !PL_minus_c)
422 call_list(PL_scopestack_ix, PL_endav);
428 /* Need to flush since END blocks can produce output */
431 if (CALL_FPTR(PL_threadhook)(aTHX)) {
432 /* Threads hook has vetoed further cleanup */
433 return STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
436 /* We must account for everything. */
438 /* Destroy the main CV and syntax tree */
440 /* ensure comppad/curpad to refer to main's pad */
441 if (CvPADLIST(PL_main_cv)) {
442 PAD_SET_CUR_NOSAVE(CvPADLIST(PL_main_cv), 1);
444 op_free(PL_main_root);
445 PL_main_root = Nullop;
447 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
448 PL_main_start = Nullop;
449 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_main_cv);
453 /* Tell PerlIO we are about to tear things apart in case
454 we have layers which are using resources that should
458 PerlIO_destruct(aTHX);
460 if (PL_sv_objcount) {
462 * Try to destruct global references. We do this first so that the
463 * destructors and destructees still exist. Some sv's might remain.
464 * Non-referenced objects are on their own.
470 /* unhook hooks which will soon be, or use, destroyed data */
471 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_warnhook);
472 PL_warnhook = Nullsv;
473 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_diehook);
476 /* call exit list functions */
477 while (PL_exitlistlen-- > 0)
478 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].fn(aTHX_ PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].ptr);
480 Safefree(PL_exitlist);
485 if (destruct_level == 0){
487 DEBUG_P(debprofdump());
489 #if defined(PERLIO_LAYERS)
490 /* No more IO - including error messages ! */
491 PerlIO_cleanup(aTHX);
494 /* The exit() function will do everything that needs doing. */
495 return STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
498 /* jettison our possibly duplicated environment */
499 /* if PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV is defined environ will not have been copied
500 * so we certainly shouldn't free it here
503 #if defined(USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY) && !defined(PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV)
504 if (environ != PL_origenviron && !PL_use_safe_putenv
506 /* only main thread can free environ[0] contents */
507 && PL_curinterp == aTHX
513 for (i = 0; environ[i]; i++)
514 safesysfree(environ[i]);
516 /* Must use safesysfree() when working with environ. */
517 safesysfree(environ);
519 environ = PL_origenviron;
522 #endif /* !PERL_MICRO */
524 /* reset so print() ends up where we expect */
528 /* the syntax tree is shared between clones
529 * so op_free(PL_main_root) only ReREFCNT_dec's
530 * REGEXPs in the parent interpreter
531 * we need to manually ReREFCNT_dec for the clones
534 I32 i = AvFILLp(PL_regex_padav) + 1;
535 SV **ary = AvARRAY(PL_regex_padav);
540 if (SvFLAGS(resv) & SVf_BREAK) {
541 /* this is PL_reg_curpm, already freed
542 * flag is set in regexec.c:S_regtry
544 SvFLAGS(resv) &= ~SVf_BREAK;
546 else if(SvREPADTMP(resv)) {
547 SvREPADTMP_off(resv);
549 else if(SvIOKp(resv)) {
550 REGEXP *re = INT2PTR(REGEXP *,SvIVX(resv));
555 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_regex_padav);
556 PL_regex_padav = Nullav;
560 SvREFCNT_dec((SV*) PL_stashcache);
561 PL_stashcache = NULL;
563 /* loosen bonds of global variables */
566 (void)PerlIO_close(PL_rsfp);
570 /* Filters for program text */
571 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rsfp_filters);
572 PL_rsfp_filters = Nullav;
575 PL_preprocess = FALSE;
581 PL_doswitches = FALSE;
582 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_OFF;
583 PL_doextract = FALSE;
584 PL_sawampersand = FALSE; /* must save all match strings */
587 Safefree(PL_inplace);
589 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_patchlevel);
592 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
593 PL_e_script = Nullsv;
598 /* magical thingies */
600 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ofs_sv); /* $, */
603 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ors_sv); /* $\ */
606 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rs); /* $/ */
609 PL_multiline = 0; /* $* */
610 Safefree(PL_osname); /* $^O */
613 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_statname);
614 PL_statname = Nullsv;
617 /* defgv, aka *_ should be taken care of elsewhere */
619 /* clean up after study() */
620 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_lastscream);
621 PL_lastscream = Nullsv;
622 Safefree(PL_screamfirst);
624 Safefree(PL_screamnext);
628 Safefree(PL_efloatbuf);
629 PL_efloatbuf = Nullch;
632 /* startup and shutdown function lists */
633 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_beginav);
634 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_beginav_save);
635 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_endav);
636 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_checkav);
637 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_checkav_save);
638 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_initav);
640 PL_beginav_save = Nullav;
643 PL_checkav_save = Nullav;
646 /* shortcuts just get cleared */
652 PL_argvoutgv = Nullgv;
654 PL_stderrgv = Nullgv;
655 PL_last_in_gv = Nullgv;
660 PL_DBsingle = Nullsv;
662 PL_DBsignal = Nullsv;
663 PL_DBassertion = Nullsv;
666 PL_debstash = Nullhv;
668 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_argvout_stack);
669 PL_argvout_stack = Nullav;
671 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_modglobal);
672 PL_modglobal = Nullhv;
673 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_preambleav);
674 PL_preambleav = Nullav;
675 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_subname);
677 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_linestr);
679 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_pidstatus);
680 PL_pidstatus = Nullhv;
681 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_toptarget);
682 PL_toptarget = Nullsv;
683 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_bodytarget);
684 PL_bodytarget = Nullsv;
685 PL_formtarget = Nullsv;
687 /* free locale stuff */
688 #ifdef USE_LOCALE_COLLATE
689 Safefree(PL_collation_name);
690 PL_collation_name = Nullch;
693 #ifdef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC
694 Safefree(PL_numeric_name);
695 PL_numeric_name = Nullch;
696 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_numeric_radix_sv);
697 PL_numeric_radix_sv = Nullsv;
700 /* clear utf8 character classes */
701 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alnum);
702 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alnumc);
703 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_ascii);
704 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alpha);
705 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_space);
706 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_cntrl);
707 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_graph);
708 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_digit);
709 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_upper);
710 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_lower);
711 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_print);
712 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_punct);
713 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_xdigit);
714 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_mark);
715 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_toupper);
716 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_totitle);
717 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_tolower);
718 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_tofold);
719 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_idstart);
720 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_idcont);
721 PL_utf8_alnum = Nullsv;
722 PL_utf8_alnumc = Nullsv;
723 PL_utf8_ascii = Nullsv;
724 PL_utf8_alpha = Nullsv;
725 PL_utf8_space = Nullsv;
726 PL_utf8_cntrl = Nullsv;
727 PL_utf8_graph = Nullsv;
728 PL_utf8_digit = Nullsv;
729 PL_utf8_upper = Nullsv;
730 PL_utf8_lower = Nullsv;
731 PL_utf8_print = Nullsv;
732 PL_utf8_punct = Nullsv;
733 PL_utf8_xdigit = Nullsv;
734 PL_utf8_mark = Nullsv;
735 PL_utf8_toupper = Nullsv;
736 PL_utf8_totitle = Nullsv;
737 PL_utf8_tolower = Nullsv;
738 PL_utf8_tofold = Nullsv;
739 PL_utf8_idstart = Nullsv;
740 PL_utf8_idcont = Nullsv;
742 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
743 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
744 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = Nullsv;
745 if (!specialCopIO(PL_compiling.cop_io))
746 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_io);
747 PL_compiling.cop_io = Nullsv;
748 CopFILE_free(&PL_compiling);
749 CopSTASH_free(&PL_compiling);
751 /* Prepare to destruct main symbol table. */
756 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_curstname);
757 PL_curstname = Nullsv;
759 /* clear queued errors */
760 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_errors);
764 if (destruct_level >= 2 && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL)) {
765 if (PL_scopestack_ix != 0)
766 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
767 "Unbalanced scopes: %ld more ENTERs than LEAVEs\n",
768 (long)PL_scopestack_ix);
769 if (PL_savestack_ix != 0)
770 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
771 "Unbalanced saves: %ld more saves than restores\n",
772 (long)PL_savestack_ix);
773 if (PL_tmps_floor != -1)
774 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Unbalanced tmps: %ld more allocs than frees\n",
775 (long)PL_tmps_floor + 1);
776 if (cxstack_ix != -1)
777 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Unbalanced context: %ld more PUSHes than POPs\n",
778 (long)cxstack_ix + 1);
781 /* Now absolutely destruct everything, somehow or other, loops or no. */
782 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) |= SVTYPEMASK; /* don't clean out pid table now */
783 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) |= SVTYPEMASK; /* don't clean out strtab now */
785 /* the 2 is for PL_fdpid and PL_strtab */
786 while (PL_sv_count > 2 && sv_clean_all())
789 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) &= ~SVTYPEMASK;
790 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) |= SVt_PVAV;
791 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) &= ~SVTYPEMASK;
792 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) |= SVt_PVHV;
794 AvREAL_off(PL_fdpid); /* no surviving entries */
795 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_fdpid); /* needed in io_close() */
798 #ifdef HAVE_INTERP_INTERN
802 /* Destruct the global string table. */
804 /* Yell and reset the HeVAL() slots that are still holding refcounts,
805 * so that sv_free() won't fail on them.
813 max = HvMAX(PL_strtab);
814 array = HvARRAY(PL_strtab);
817 if (hent && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL)) {
818 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
819 "Unbalanced string table refcount: (%d) for \"%s\"",
820 HeVAL(hent) - Nullsv, HeKEY(hent));
821 HeVAL(hent) = Nullsv;
831 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_strtab);
834 /* free the pointer tables used for cloning */
835 ptr_table_free(PL_ptr_table);
836 PL_ptr_table = (PTR_TBL_t*)NULL;
839 /* free special SVs */
841 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_yes) = 0;
842 sv_clear(&PL_sv_yes);
843 SvANY(&PL_sv_yes) = NULL;
844 SvFLAGS(&PL_sv_yes) = 0;
846 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_no) = 0;
848 SvANY(&PL_sv_no) = NULL;
849 SvFLAGS(&PL_sv_no) = 0;
853 for (i=0; i<=2; i++) {
854 SvREFCNT(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = 0;
855 sv_clear(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i));
856 SvANY(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = NULL;
857 SvFLAGS(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = 0;
861 if (PL_sv_count != 0 && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
862 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Scalars leaked: %ld\n", (long)PL_sv_count);
864 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS
865 if (PL_sv_count != 0) {
870 for (sva = PL_sv_arenaroot; sva; sva = (SV*)SvANY(sva)) {
871 svend = &sva[SvREFCNT(sva)];
872 for (sv = sva + 1; sv < svend; ++sv) {
873 if (SvTYPE(sv) != SVTYPEMASK) {
874 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "leaked: sv=0x%p"
876 " refcnt=%"UVuf pTHX__FORMAT "\n"
877 "\tallocated at %s:%d %s %s%s\n",
878 sv, sv->sv_flags, sv->sv_refcnt pTHX__VALUE,
879 sv->sv_debug_file ? sv->sv_debug_file : "(unknown)",
881 sv->sv_debug_inpad ? "for" : "by",
882 sv->sv_debug_optype ?
883 PL_op_name[sv->sv_debug_optype]: "(none)",
884 sv->sv_debug_cloned ? " (cloned)" : ""
894 #if defined(PERLIO_LAYERS)
895 /* No more IO - including error messages ! */
896 PerlIO_cleanup(aTHX);
899 /* sv_undef needs to stay immortal until after PerlIO_cleanup
900 as currently layers use it rather than Nullsv as a marker
901 for no arg - and will try and SvREFCNT_dec it.
903 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_undef) = 0;
904 SvREADONLY_off(&PL_sv_undef);
906 Safefree(PL_origfilename);
907 PL_origfilename = Nullch;
908 Safefree(PL_reg_start_tmp);
909 PL_reg_start_tmp = (char**)NULL;
910 PL_reg_start_tmpl = 0;
912 Safefree(PL_reg_curpm);
913 Safefree(PL_reg_poscache);
915 Safefree(PL_op_mask);
916 Safefree(PL_psig_ptr);
917 PL_psig_ptr = (SV**)NULL;
918 Safefree(PL_psig_name);
919 PL_psig_name = (SV**)NULL;
920 Safefree(PL_bitcount);
921 PL_bitcount = Nullch;
922 Safefree(PL_psig_pend);
923 PL_psig_pend = (int*)NULL;
924 PL_formfeed = Nullsv;
929 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
930 PL_hints = 0; /* Reset hints. Should hints be per-interpreter ? */
933 DEBUG_P(debprofdump());
935 #ifdef USE_REENTRANT_API
936 Perl_reentrant_free(aTHX);
941 /* As the absolutely last thing, free the non-arena SV for mess() */
944 /* we know that type == SVt_PVMG */
946 /* it could have accumulated taint magic */
949 for (mg = SvMAGIC(PL_mess_sv); mg; mg = moremagic) {
950 moremagic = mg->mg_moremagic;
951 if (mg->mg_ptr && mg->mg_type != PERL_MAGIC_regex_global
953 Safefree(mg->mg_ptr);
957 /* we know that type >= SVt_PV */
958 SvPV_free(PL_mess_sv);
959 Safefree(SvANY(PL_mess_sv));
960 Safefree(PL_mess_sv);
963 return STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
967 =for apidoc perl_free
969 Releases a Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
977 #if defined(WIN32) || defined(NETWARE)
978 # if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS)
980 void *host = nw_internal_host;
982 void *host = w32_internal_host;
986 nw_delete_internal_host(host);
988 win32_delete_internal_host(host);
998 #if defined(USE_5005THREADS) || defined(USE_ITHREADS)
999 /* provide destructors to clean up the thread key when libperl is unloaded */
1000 #ifndef WIN32 /* handled during DLL_PROCESS_DETACH in win32/perllib.c */
1002 #if defined(__hpux) && __ux_version > 1020 && !defined(__GNUC__)
1003 #pragma fini "perl_fini"
1007 #if defined(__GNUC__)
1008 __attribute__((destructor))
1018 #endif /* THREADS */
1021 Perl_call_atexit(pTHX_ ATEXIT_t fn, void *ptr)
1023 Renew(PL_exitlist, PL_exitlistlen+1, PerlExitListEntry);
1024 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].fn = fn;
1025 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].ptr = ptr;
1029 #ifdef HAS_PROCSELFEXE
1030 /* This is a function so that we don't hold on to MAXPATHLEN
1031 bytes of stack longer than necessary
1034 S_procself_val(pTHX_ SV *sv, const char *arg0)
1036 char buf[MAXPATHLEN];
1037 int len = readlink(PROCSELFEXE_PATH, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);
1039 /* On Playstation2 Linux V1.0 (kernel 2.2.1) readlink(/proc/self/exe)
1040 includes a spurious NUL which will cause $^X to fail in system
1041 or backticks (this will prevent extensions from being built and
1042 many tests from working). readlink is not meant to add a NUL.
1043 Normal readlink works fine.
1045 if (len > 0 && buf[len-1] == '\0') {
1049 /* FreeBSD's implementation is acknowledged to be imperfect, sometimes
1050 returning the text "unknown" from the readlink rather than the path
1051 to the executable (or returning an error from the readlink). Any valid
1052 path has a '/' in it somewhere, so use that to validate the result.
1053 See http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/query-pr.cgi?pr=35703
1055 if (len > 0 && memchr(buf, '/', len)) {
1056 sv_setpvn(sv,buf,len);
1062 #endif /* HAS_PROCSELFEXE */
1065 S_set_caret_X(pTHX) {
1066 GV* tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("\030",TRUE, SVt_PV); /* $^X */
1068 #ifdef HAS_PROCSELFEXE
1069 S_procself_val(aTHX_ GvSV(tmpgv), PL_origargv[0]);
1072 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv), os2_execname(aTHX));
1074 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv),PL_origargv[0]);
1081 =for apidoc perl_parse
1083 Tells a Perl interpreter to parse a Perl script. See L<perlembed>.
1089 perl_parse(pTHXx_ XSINIT_t xsinit, int argc, char **argv, char **env)
1096 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
1099 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "suidperl is no longer needed since the kernel can now execute\n\
1100 setuid perl scripts securely.\n");
1101 #endif /* IAMSUID */
1104 #if defined(USE_HASH_SEED) || defined(USE_HASH_SEED_EXPLICIT)
1105 /* [perl #22371] Algorimic Complexity Attack on Perl 5.6.1, 5.8.0
1106 * This MUST be done before any hash stores or fetches take place.
1107 * If you set PL_rehash_seed (and assumedly also PL_rehash_seed_set)
1108 * yourself, it is your responsibility to provide a good random seed!
1109 * You can also define PERL_HASH_SEED in compile time, see hv.h. */
1110 if (!PL_rehash_seed_set)
1111 PL_rehash_seed = get_hash_seed();
1113 char *s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_HASH_SEED_DEBUG");
1119 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "HASH_SEED = %"UVuf"\n",
1123 #endif /* #if defined(USE_HASH_SEED) || defined(USE_HASH_SEED_EXPLICIT) */
1129 /* Set PL_origalen be the sum of the contiguous argv[]
1130 * elements plus the size of the env in case that it is
1131 * contiguous with the argv[]. This is used in mg.c:Perl_magic_set()
1132 * as the maximum modifiable length of $0. In the worst case
1133 * the area we are able to modify is limited to the size of
1134 * the original argv[0]. (See below for 'contiguous', though.)
1136 const char *s = NULL;
1139 ~(UV)(PTRSIZE == 4 ? 3 : PTRSIZE == 8 ? 7 : PTRSIZE == 16 ? 15 : 0);
1140 /* Do the mask check only if the args seem like aligned. */
1142 (mask < ~(UV)0) && ((PTR2UV(argv[0]) & mask) == PTR2UV(argv[0]));
1144 /* See if all the arguments are contiguous in memory. Note
1145 * that 'contiguous' is a loose term because some platforms
1146 * align the argv[] and the envp[]. If the arguments look
1147 * like non-aligned, assume that they are 'strictly' or
1148 * 'traditionally' contiguous. If the arguments look like
1149 * aligned, we just check that they are within aligned
1150 * PTRSIZE bytes. As long as no system has something bizarre
1151 * like the argv[] interleaved with some other data, we are
1152 * fine. (Did I just evoke Murphy's Law?) --jhi */
1153 if (PL_origargv && PL_origargc >= 1 && (s = PL_origargv[0])) {
1155 for (i = 1; i < PL_origargc; i++) {
1156 if ((PL_origargv[i] == s + 1
1158 || PL_origargv[i] == s + 2
1163 (PL_origargv[i] > s &&
1165 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1175 /* Can we grab env area too to be used as the area for $0? */
1176 if (PL_origenviron) {
1177 if ((PL_origenviron[0] == s + 1
1179 || (PL_origenviron[0] == s + 9 && (s += 8))
1184 (PL_origenviron[0] > s &&
1185 PL_origenviron[0] <=
1186 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1190 s = PL_origenviron[0];
1193 my_setenv("NoNe SuCh", Nullch);
1194 /* Force copy of environment. */
1195 for (i = 1; PL_origenviron[i]; i++) {
1196 if (PL_origenviron[i] == s + 1
1199 (PL_origenviron[i] > s &&
1200 PL_origenviron[i] <=
1201 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1204 s = PL_origenviron[i];
1212 PL_origalen = s - PL_origargv[0] + 1;
1217 /* Come here if running an undumped a.out. */
1219 PL_origfilename = savepv(argv[0]);
1220 PL_do_undump = FALSE;
1221 cxstack_ix = -1; /* start label stack again */
1223 assert (!PL_tainted);
1225 S_set_caret_X(aTHX);
1227 init_postdump_symbols(argc,argv,env);
1232 op_free(PL_main_root);
1233 PL_main_root = Nullop;
1235 PL_main_start = Nullop;
1236 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_main_cv);
1237 PL_main_cv = Nullcv;
1240 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
1241 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_OFF;
1246 parse_body(env,xsinit);
1248 call_list(oldscope, PL_checkav);
1255 /* my_exit() was called */
1256 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
1259 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
1261 call_list(oldscope, PL_checkav);
1262 ret = STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
1265 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: top_env\n");
1274 S_parse_body(pTHX_ char **env, XSINIT_t xsinit)
1277 int argc = PL_origargc;
1278 char **argv = PL_origargv;
1279 const char *scriptname = NULL;
1280 VOL bool dosearch = FALSE;
1281 const char *validarg = "";
1284 const char *cddir = Nullch;
1285 bool minus_f = FALSE;
1289 sv_setpvn(PL_linestr,"",0);
1290 sv = newSVpvn("",0); /* first used for -I flags */
1294 for (argc--,argv++; argc > 0; argc--,argv++) {
1295 if (argv[0][0] != '-' || !argv[0][1])
1299 validarg = " PHOOEY ";
1303 * Can we rely on the kernel to start scripts with argv[1] set to
1304 * contain all #! line switches (the whole line)? (argv[0] is set to
1305 * the interpreter name, argv[2] to the script name; argv[3] and
1306 * above may contain other arguments.)
1313 #ifndef PERL_STRICT_CR
1338 if ((s = moreswitches(s)))
1343 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('t');
1344 if( !PL_tainting ) {
1345 PL_taint_warn = TRUE;
1351 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('T');
1353 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
1358 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1359 /* ignore -e for Dev:Pseudo argument */
1360 if (argv[1] && !strcmp(argv[1], "Dev:Pseudo"))
1365 PL_e_script = newSVpvn("",0);
1366 filter_add(read_e_script, NULL);
1369 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, s);
1371 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, argv[1]);
1375 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No code specified for -e");
1376 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, "\n");
1384 case 'I': /* -I handled both here and in moreswitches() */
1386 if (!*++s && (s=argv[1]) != Nullch) {
1391 STRLEN len = strlen(s);
1392 p = savepvn(s, len);
1393 incpush(p, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE, FALSE);
1394 sv_catpvn(sv, "-I", 2);
1395 sv_catpvn(sv, p, len);
1396 sv_catpvn(sv, " ", 1);
1400 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No directory specified for -I");
1404 PL_preprocess = TRUE;
1414 PL_preambleav = newAV();
1415 av_push(PL_preambleav, newSVpv("use Config qw(myconfig config_vars)",0));
1419 PL_Sv = newSVpv("print myconfig();",0);
1421 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"print \"\\nCharacteristics of this PERLSHR image: \\n\",");
1423 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"print \"\\nCharacteristics of this binary (from libperl): \\n\",");
1425 opts = SvCUR(PL_Sv);
1427 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"\" Compile-time options:");
1429 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," DEBUGGING");
1431 # ifdef MULTIPLICITY
1432 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," MULTIPLICITY");
1434 # ifdef USE_5005THREADS
1435 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_5005THREADS");
1437 # ifdef USE_ITHREADS
1438 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_ITHREADS");
1440 # ifdef USE_64_BIT_INT
1441 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_64_BIT_INT");
1443 # ifdef USE_64_BIT_ALL
1444 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_64_BIT_ALL");
1446 # ifdef USE_LONG_DOUBLE
1447 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_LONG_DOUBLE");
1449 # ifdef USE_LARGE_FILES
1450 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_LARGE_FILES");
1453 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_SOCKS");
1455 # ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
1456 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_SITECUSTOMIZE");
1458 # ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
1459 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT");
1461 # ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
1462 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS");
1465 while (SvCUR(PL_Sv) > opts+76) {
1466 /* find last space after "options: " and before col 76 */
1469 char *pv = SvPV_nolen(PL_Sv);
1470 const char c = pv[opts+76];
1472 space = strrchr(pv+opts+26, ' ');
1474 if (!space) break; /* "Can't happen" */
1476 /* break the line before that space */
1479 sv_insert(PL_Sv, opts, 0,
1483 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"\\n\",");
1485 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
1486 if (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT > 0) {
1488 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"\" Locally applied patches:\\n\",");
1489 for (i = 1; i <= LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT; i++) {
1490 if (PL_localpatches[i])
1491 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ PL_Sv,"q%c\t%s\n%c,",
1492 0, PL_localpatches[i], 0);
1496 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ PL_Sv,"\" Built under %s\\n\"",OSNAME);
1499 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ PL_Sv,",\" Compiled at %s %s\\n\"",__DATE__,__TIME__);
1501 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ PL_Sv,",\" Compiled on %s\\n\"",__DATE__);
1504 sv_catpv(PL_Sv, "; \
1506 @env = map { \"$_=\\\"$ENV{$_}\\\"\" } sort grep {/^PERL/} keys %ENV; ");
1509 push @env, \"CYGWIN=\\\"$ENV{CYGWIN}\\\"\";");
1512 print \" \\%ENV:\\n @env\\n\" if @env; \
1513 print \" \\@INC:\\n @INC\\n\";");
1516 PL_Sv = newSVpv("config_vars(qw(",0);
1517 sv_catpv(PL_Sv, ++s);
1518 sv_catpv(PL_Sv, "))");
1521 av_push(PL_preambleav, PL_Sv);
1522 scriptname = BIT_BUCKET; /* don't look for script or read stdin */
1525 PL_doextract = TRUE;
1533 if (!*++s || isSPACE(*s)) {
1537 /* catch use of gnu style long options */
1538 if (strEQ(s, "version")) {
1542 if (strEQ(s, "help")) {
1549 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Unrecognized switch: -%s (-h will show valid options)",s);
1555 #ifndef SECURE_INTERNAL_GETENV
1558 (s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL5OPT")))
1560 const char *popt = s;
1563 if (*s == '-' && *(s+1) == 'T') {
1564 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('T');
1566 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
1569 char *popt_copy = Nullch;
1582 if (!strchr("DIMUdmtwA", *s))
1583 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Illegal switch in PERL5OPT: -%c", *s);
1587 popt_copy = SvPVX(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(popt,0)));
1588 s = popt_copy + (s - popt);
1589 d = popt_copy + (d - popt);
1596 if( !PL_tainting ) {
1597 PL_taint_warn = TRUE;
1607 #ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
1610 PL_preambleav = newAV();
1611 av_unshift(PL_preambleav, 1);
1612 (void)av_store(PL_preambleav, 0, Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "BEGIN { do '%s/sitecustomize.pl' }", SITELIB_EXP));
1616 if (PL_taint_warn && PL_dowarn != G_WARN_ALL_OFF) {
1617 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = newSVpvn(WARN_TAINTstring, WARNsize);
1621 scriptname = argv[0];
1624 scriptname = BIT_BUCKET; /* don't look for script or read stdin */
1626 else if (scriptname == Nullch) {
1628 if ( PerlLIO_isatty(PerlIO_fileno(PerlIO_stdin())) )
1634 /* Set $^X early so that it can be used for relocatable paths in @INC */
1635 assert (!PL_tainted);
1637 S_set_caret_X(aTHX);
1641 open_script(scriptname,dosearch,sv);
1643 validate_suid(validarg, scriptname);
1646 #if defined(SIGCHLD) || defined(SIGCLD)
1649 # define SIGCHLD SIGCLD
1651 Sighandler_t sigstate = rsignal_state(SIGCHLD);
1652 if (sigstate == SIG_IGN) {
1653 if (ckWARN(WARN_SIGNAL))
1654 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_SIGNAL),
1655 "Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default");
1656 (void)rsignal(SIGCHLD, (Sighandler_t)SIG_DFL);
1662 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1663 if (PL_doextract || gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
1668 if (cddir && PerlDir_chdir( (char *)cddir ) < 0)
1669 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't chdir to %s",cddir);
1673 PL_main_cv = PL_compcv = (CV*)NEWSV(1104,0);
1674 sv_upgrade((SV *)PL_compcv, SVt_PVCV);
1675 CvUNIQUE_on(PL_compcv);
1677 CvPADLIST(PL_compcv) = pad_new(0);
1678 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
1679 CvOWNER(PL_compcv) = 0;
1680 New(666, CvMUTEXP(PL_compcv), 1, perl_mutex);
1681 MUTEX_INIT(CvMUTEXP(PL_compcv));
1682 #endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
1685 boot_core_UNIVERSAL();
1686 boot_core_xsutils();
1689 (*xsinit)(aTHX); /* in case linked C routines want magical variables */
1691 #if defined(VMS) || defined(WIN32) || defined(DJGPP) || defined(__CYGWIN__) || defined(EPOC)
1697 # ifdef HAS_SOCKS5_INIT
1698 socks5_init(argv[0]);
1704 init_predump_symbols();
1705 /* init_postdump_symbols not currently designed to be called */
1706 /* more than once (ENV isn't cleared first, for example) */
1707 /* But running with -u leaves %ENV & @ARGV undefined! XXX */
1709 init_postdump_symbols(argc,argv,env);
1711 /* PL_unicode is turned on by -C, or by $ENV{PERL_UNICODE},
1712 * or explicitly in some platforms.
1713 * locale.c:Perl_init_i18nl10n() if the environment
1714 * look like the user wants to use UTF-8. */
1715 #if defined(SYMBIAN)
1716 PL_unicode = PERL_UNICODE_STD_FLAG; /* See PERL_SYMBIAN_CONSOLE_UTF8. */
1719 /* Requires init_predump_symbols(). */
1720 if (!(PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_LOCALE_FLAG) || PL_utf8locale) {
1725 /* Turn on UTF-8-ness on STDIN, STDOUT, STDERR
1726 * and the default open disciplines. */
1727 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDIN_FLAG) &&
1728 PL_stdingv && (io = GvIO(PL_stdingv)) &&
1730 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
1731 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDOUT_FLAG) &&
1732 PL_defoutgv && (io = GvIO(PL_defoutgv)) &&
1734 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
1735 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDERR_FLAG) &&
1736 PL_stderrgv && (io = GvIO(PL_stderrgv)) &&
1738 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
1739 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_INOUT_FLAG) &&
1740 (sv = GvSV(gv_fetchpv("\017PEN", TRUE, SVt_PV)))) {
1741 U32 in = PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_IN_FLAG;
1742 U32 out = PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_OUT_FLAG;
1745 sv_setpvn(sv, ":utf8\0:utf8", 11);
1747 sv_setpvn(sv, ":utf8\0", 6);
1750 sv_setpvn(sv, "\0:utf8", 6);
1756 if ((s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_SIGNALS"))) {
1757 if (strEQ(s, "unsafe"))
1758 PL_signals |= PERL_SIGNALS_UNSAFE_FLAG;
1759 else if (strEQ(s, "safe"))
1760 PL_signals &= ~PERL_SIGNALS_UNSAFE_FLAG;
1762 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "PERL_SIGNALS illegal: \"%s\"", s);
1767 /* now parse the script */
1769 SETERRNO(0,SS_NORMAL);
1771 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1772 if (gMacPerl_SyntaxError = (yyparse() || PL_error_count)) {
1774 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s had compilation errors.\n", MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
1776 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Execution of %s aborted due to compilation errors.\n",
1777 MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
1781 if (yyparse() || PL_error_count) {
1783 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s had compilation errors.\n", PL_origfilename);
1785 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Execution of %s aborted due to compilation errors.\n",
1790 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, 0);
1791 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
1792 PL_preprocess = FALSE;
1794 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
1795 PL_e_script = Nullsv;
1802 SAVECOPFILE(PL_curcop);
1803 SAVECOPLINE(PL_curcop);
1804 gv_check(PL_defstash);
1811 if ((s=PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS")) && atoi(s) >= 2)
1812 dump_mstats("after compilation:");
1821 =for apidoc perl_run
1823 Tells a Perl interpreter to run. See L<perlembed>.
1835 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
1843 cxstack_ix = -1; /* start context stack again */
1845 case 0: /* normal completion */
1849 case 2: /* my_exit() */
1850 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
1853 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
1854 if (!(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_DESTRUCT_END) &&
1855 PL_endav && !PL_minus_c)
1856 call_list(oldscope, PL_endav);
1858 if (PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS"))
1859 dump_mstats("after execution: ");
1861 ret = STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
1865 POPSTACK_TO(PL_mainstack);
1868 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: restartop\n");
1880 S_run_body(pTHX_ I32 oldscope)
1882 DEBUG_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "%s $` $& $' support.\n",
1883 PL_sawampersand ? "Enabling" : "Omitting"));
1885 if (!PL_restartop) {
1886 DEBUG_x(dump_all());
1888 PERL_DEBUG(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "\nEXECUTING...\n\n"));
1889 DEBUG_S(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "main thread is 0x%"UVxf"\n",
1893 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1894 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "%s%s syntax OK\n",
1895 (gMacPerl_ErrorFormat ? "# " : ""),
1896 MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
1898 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "%s syntax OK\n", PL_origfilename);
1902 if (PERLDB_SINGLE && PL_DBsingle)
1903 sv_setiv(PL_DBsingle, 1);
1905 call_list(oldscope, PL_initav);
1911 PL_op = PL_restartop;
1915 else if (PL_main_start) {
1916 CvDEPTH(PL_main_cv) = 1;
1917 PL_op = PL_main_start;
1925 =head1 SV Manipulation Functions
1927 =for apidoc p||get_sv
1929 Returns the SV of the specified Perl scalar. If C<create> is set and the
1930 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
1931 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
1937 Perl_get_sv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
1940 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
1941 if (name[1] == '\0' && !isALPHA(name[0])) {
1942 PADOFFSET tmp = find_threadsv(name);
1943 if (tmp != NOT_IN_PAD)
1944 return THREADSV(tmp);
1946 #endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
1947 gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PV);
1954 =head1 Array Manipulation Functions
1956 =for apidoc p||get_av
1958 Returns the AV of the specified Perl array. If C<create> is set and the
1959 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
1960 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
1966 Perl_get_av(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
1968 GV* gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVAV);
1977 =head1 Hash Manipulation Functions
1979 =for apidoc p||get_hv
1981 Returns the HV of the specified Perl hash. If C<create> is set and the
1982 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
1983 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
1989 Perl_get_hv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
1991 GV* gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVHV);
2000 =head1 CV Manipulation Functions
2002 =for apidoc p||get_cv
2004 Returns the CV of the specified Perl subroutine. If C<create> is set and
2005 the Perl subroutine does not exist then it will be declared (which has the
2006 same effect as saying C<sub name;>). If C<create> is not set and the
2007 subroutine does not exist then NULL is returned.
2013 Perl_get_cv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
2015 GV* gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVCV);
2016 /* XXX unsafe for threads if eval_owner isn't held */
2017 /* XXX this is probably not what they think they're getting.
2018 * It has the same effect as "sub name;", i.e. just a forward
2020 if (create && !GvCVu(gv))
2021 return newSUB(start_subparse(FALSE, 0),
2022 newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSVpv(name,0)),
2030 /* Be sure to refetch the stack pointer after calling these routines. */
2034 =head1 Callback Functions
2036 =for apidoc p||call_argv
2038 Performs a callback to the specified Perl sub. See L<perlcall>.
2044 Perl_call_argv(pTHX_ const char *sub_name, I32 flags, register char **argv)
2046 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2047 /* null terminated arg list */
2054 XPUSHs(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(*argv,0)));
2059 return call_pv(sub_name, flags);
2063 =for apidoc p||call_pv
2065 Performs a callback to the specified Perl sub. See L<perlcall>.
2071 Perl_call_pv(pTHX_ const char *sub_name, I32 flags)
2072 /* name of the subroutine */
2073 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2075 return call_sv((SV*)get_cv(sub_name, TRUE), flags);
2079 =for apidoc p||call_method
2081 Performs a callback to the specified Perl method. The blessed object must
2082 be on the stack. See L<perlcall>.
2088 Perl_call_method(pTHX_ const char *methname, I32 flags)
2089 /* name of the subroutine */
2090 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2092 return call_sv(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(methname,0)), flags | G_METHOD);
2095 /* May be called with any of a CV, a GV, or an SV containing the name. */
2097 =for apidoc p||call_sv
2099 Performs a callback to the Perl sub whose name is in the SV. See
2106 Perl_call_sv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
2107 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2110 LOGOP myop; /* fake syntax tree node */
2113 volatile I32 retval = 0;
2115 bool oldcatch = CATCH_GET;
2120 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2125 Zero(&myop, 1, LOGOP);
2126 myop.op_next = Nullop;
2127 if (!(flags & G_NOARGS))
2128 myop.op_flags |= OPf_STACKED;
2129 myop.op_flags |= ((flags & G_VOID) ? OPf_WANT_VOID :
2130 (flags & G_ARRAY) ? OPf_WANT_LIST :
2135 EXTEND(PL_stack_sp, 1);
2136 *++PL_stack_sp = sv;
2138 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
2140 if (PERLDB_SUB && PL_curstash != PL_debstash
2141 /* Handle first BEGIN of -d. */
2142 && (PL_DBcv || (PL_DBcv = GvCV(PL_DBsub)))
2143 /* Try harder, since this may have been a sighandler, thus
2144 * curstash may be meaningless. */
2145 && (SvTYPE(sv) != SVt_PVCV || CvSTASH((CV*)sv) != PL_debstash)
2146 && !(flags & G_NODEBUG))
2147 PL_op->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_DB;
2149 if (flags & G_METHOD) {
2150 Zero(&method_op, 1, UNOP);
2151 method_op.op_next = PL_op;
2152 method_op.op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_METHOD];
2153 myop.op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_ENTERSUB];
2154 PL_op = (OP*)&method_op;
2157 if (!(flags & G_EVAL)) {
2159 call_body((OP*)&myop, FALSE);
2160 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2161 CATCH_SET(oldcatch);
2164 myop.op_other = (OP*)&myop;
2166 /* we're trying to emulate pp_entertry() here */
2168 register PERL_CONTEXT *cx;
2169 const I32 gimme = GIMME_V;
2174 PUSHBLOCK(cx, (CXt_EVAL|CXp_TRYBLOCK), PL_stack_sp);
2176 PL_eval_root = PL_op; /* Only needed so that goto works right. */
2178 PL_in_eval = EVAL_INEVAL;
2179 if (flags & G_KEEPERR)
2180 PL_in_eval |= EVAL_KEEPERR;
2182 sv_setpvn(ERRSV,"",0);
2190 call_body((OP*)&myop, FALSE);
2191 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2192 if (!(flags & G_KEEPERR))
2193 sv_setpvn(ERRSV,"",0);
2199 /* my_exit() was called */
2200 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2203 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED))
2204 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Callback called exit");
2209 PL_op = PL_restartop;
2213 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2214 if (flags & G_ARRAY)
2218 *++PL_stack_sp = &PL_sv_undef;
2223 if (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope) {
2227 register PERL_CONTEXT *cx;
2238 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2239 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2249 S_call_body(pTHX_ const OP *myop, bool is_eval)
2251 if (PL_op == myop) {
2253 PL_op = Perl_pp_entereval(aTHX); /* this doesn't do a POPMARK */
2255 PL_op = Perl_pp_entersub(aTHX); /* this does */
2261 /* Eval a string. The G_EVAL flag is always assumed. */
2264 =for apidoc p||eval_sv
2266 Tells Perl to C<eval> the string in the SV.
2272 Perl_eval_sv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
2274 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2277 UNOP myop; /* fake syntax tree node */
2278 volatile I32 oldmark = SP - PL_stack_base;
2279 volatile I32 retval = 0;
2284 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2291 Zero(PL_op, 1, UNOP);
2292 EXTEND(PL_stack_sp, 1);
2293 *++PL_stack_sp = sv;
2295 if (!(flags & G_NOARGS))
2296 myop.op_flags = OPf_STACKED;
2297 myop.op_next = Nullop;
2298 myop.op_type = OP_ENTEREVAL;
2299 myop.op_flags |= ((flags & G_VOID) ? OPf_WANT_VOID :
2300 (flags & G_ARRAY) ? OPf_WANT_LIST :
2302 if (flags & G_KEEPERR)
2303 myop.op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL;
2305 /* fail now; otherwise we could fail after the JMPENV_PUSH but
2306 * before a PUSHEVAL, which corrupts the stack after a croak */
2307 TAINT_PROPER("eval_sv()");
2313 call_body((OP*)&myop,TRUE);
2314 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2315 if (!(flags & G_KEEPERR))
2316 sv_setpvn(ERRSV,"",0);
2322 /* my_exit() was called */
2323 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2326 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED))
2327 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Callback called exit");
2332 PL_op = PL_restartop;
2336 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2337 if (flags & G_ARRAY)
2341 *++PL_stack_sp = &PL_sv_undef;
2347 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2348 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2358 =for apidoc p||eval_pv
2360 Tells Perl to C<eval> the given string and return an SV* result.
2366 Perl_eval_pv(pTHX_ const char *p, I32 croak_on_error)
2369 SV* sv = newSVpv(p, 0);
2371 eval_sv(sv, G_SCALAR);
2378 if (croak_on_error && SvTRUE(ERRSV)) {
2379 Perl_croak(aTHX_ SvPVx_nolen_const(ERRSV));
2385 /* Require a module. */
2388 =head1 Embedding Functions
2390 =for apidoc p||require_pv
2392 Tells Perl to C<require> the file named by the string argument. It is
2393 analogous to the Perl code C<eval "require '$file'">. It's even
2394 implemented that way; consider using load_module instead.
2399 Perl_require_pv(pTHX_ const char *pv)
2403 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_REQUIRE);
2405 sv = sv_newmortal();
2406 sv_setpv(sv, "require '");
2409 eval_sv(sv, G_DISCARD);
2415 Perl_magicname(pTHX_ const char *sym, const char *name, I32 namlen)
2419 if ((gv = gv_fetchpv(sym,TRUE, SVt_PV)))
2420 sv_magic(GvSV(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, namlen);
2424 S_usage(pTHX_ const char *name) /* XXX move this out into a module ? */
2426 /* This message really ought to be max 23 lines.
2427 * Removed -h because the user already knows that option. Others? */
2429 static const char * const usage_msg[] = {
2430 "-0[octal] specify record separator (\\0, if no argument)",
2431 "-A[mod][=pattern] activate all/given assertions",
2432 "-a autosplit mode with -n or -p (splits $_ into @F)",
2433 "-C[number/list] enables the listed Unicode features",
2434 "-c check syntax only (runs BEGIN and CHECK blocks)",
2435 "-d[:debugger] run program under debugger",
2436 "-D[number/list] set debugging flags (argument is a bit mask or alphabets)",
2437 "-e program one line of program (several -e's allowed, omit programfile)",
2438 #ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
2439 "-f don't do $sitelib/sitecustomize.pl at startup",
2441 "-F/pattern/ split() pattern for -a switch (//'s are optional)",
2442 "-i[extension] edit <> files in place (makes backup if extension supplied)",
2443 "-Idirectory specify @INC/#include directory (several -I's allowed)",
2444 "-l[octal] enable line ending processing, specifies line terminator",
2445 "-[mM][-]module execute \"use/no module...\" before executing program",
2446 "-n assume \"while (<>) { ... }\" loop around program",
2447 "-p assume loop like -n but print line also, like sed",
2448 "-P run program through C preprocessor before compilation",
2449 "-s enable rudimentary parsing for switches after programfile",
2450 "-S look for programfile using PATH environment variable",
2451 "-t enable tainting warnings",
2452 "-T enable tainting checks",
2453 "-u dump core after parsing program",
2454 "-U allow unsafe operations",
2455 "-v print version, subversion (includes VERY IMPORTANT perl info)",
2456 "-V[:variable] print configuration summary (or a single Config.pm variable)",
2457 "-w enable many useful warnings (RECOMMENDED)",
2458 "-W enable all warnings",
2459 "-x[directory] strip off text before #!perl line and perhaps cd to directory",
2460 "-X disable all warnings",
2464 const char * const *p = usage_msg;
2466 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2467 "\nUsage: %s [switches] [--] [programfile] [arguments]",
2470 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(), "\n %s", *p++);
2473 /* convert a string of -D options (or digits) into an int.
2474 * sets *s to point to the char after the options */
2478 Perl_get_debug_opts(pTHX_ const char **s, bool givehelp)
2480 static const char * const usage_msgd[] = {
2481 " Debugging flag values: (see also -d)",
2482 " p Tokenizing and parsing (with v, displays parse stack)",
2483 " s Stack snapshots (with v, displays all stacks)",
2484 " l Context (loop) stack processing",
2485 " t Trace execution",
2486 " o Method and overloading resolution",
2487 " c String/numeric conversions",
2488 " P Print profiling info, preprocessor command for -P, source file input state",
2489 " m Memory allocation",
2490 " f Format processing",
2491 " r Regular expression parsing and execution",
2492 " x Syntax tree dump",
2493 " u Tainting checks",
2494 " H Hash dump -- usurps values()",
2495 " X Scratchpad allocation",
2497 " S Thread synchronization",
2499 " R Include reference counts of dumped variables (eg when using -Ds)",
2500 " J Do not s,t,P-debug (Jump over) opcodes within package DB",
2501 " v Verbose: use in conjunction with other flags",
2503 " A Consistency checks on internal structures",
2504 " q quiet - currently only suppresses the 'EXECUTING' message",
2509 /* if adding extra options, remember to update DEBUG_MASK */
2510 static const char debopts[] = "psltocPmfrxu HXDSTRJvCAq";
2512 for (; isALNUM(**s); (*s)++) {
2513 const char *d = strchr(debopts,**s);
2515 i |= 1 << (d - debopts);
2516 else if (ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
2517 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
2518 "invalid option -D%c, use -D'' to see choices\n", **s);
2521 else if (isDIGIT(**s)) {
2523 for (; isALNUM(**s); (*s)++) ;
2525 else if (givehelp) {
2526 char **p = (char **)usage_msgd;
2527 while (*p) PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(), "%s\n", *p++);
2530 if ((i & DEBUG_p_FLAG) && ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
2531 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
2532 "-Dp not implemented on this platform\n");
2538 /* This routine handles any switches that can be given during run */
2541 Perl_moreswitches(pTHX_ char *s)
2552 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rs);
2553 if (s[1] == 'x' && s[2]) {
2554 const char *e = s+=2;
2560 flags = PERL_SCAN_SILENT_ILLDIGIT;
2561 rschar = (U32)grok_hex(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
2562 if (s + numlen < e) {
2563 rschar = 0; /* Grandfather -0xFOO as -0 -xFOO. */
2567 PL_rs = newSVpvn("", 0);
2568 SvGROW(PL_rs, (STRLEN)(UNISKIP(rschar) + 1));
2569 tmps = (U8*)SvPVX(PL_rs);
2570 uvchr_to_utf8(tmps, rschar);
2571 SvCUR_set(PL_rs, UNISKIP(rschar));
2576 rschar = (U32)grok_oct(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
2577 if (rschar & ~((U8)~0))
2578 PL_rs = &PL_sv_undef;
2579 else if (!rschar && numlen >= 2)
2580 PL_rs = newSVpvn("", 0);
2582 char ch = (char)rschar;
2583 PL_rs = newSVpvn(&ch, 1);
2586 sv_setsv(get_sv("/", TRUE), PL_rs);
2591 PL_unicode = parse_unicode_opts( (const char **)&s );
2596 while (*s && !isSPACE(*s)) ++s;
2598 PL_splitstr = savepv(PL_splitstr);
2612 /* -dt indicates to the debugger that threads will be used */
2613 if (*s == 't' && !isALNUM(s[1])) {
2615 my_setenv("PERL5DB_THREADED", "1");
2618 /* The following permits -d:Mod to accepts arguments following an =
2619 in the fashion that -MSome::Mod does. */
2620 if (*s == ':' || *s == '=') {
2623 sv = newSVpv("use Devel::", 0);
2625 /* We now allow -d:Module=Foo,Bar */
2626 while(isALNUM(*s) || *s==':') ++s;
2628 sv_catpv(sv, start);
2630 sv_catpvn(sv, start, s-start);
2631 sv_catpv(sv, " split(/,/,q{");
2636 my_setenv("PERL5DB", SvPV(sv, PL_na));
2639 PL_perldb = PERLDB_ALL;
2648 PL_debug = get_debug_opts( (const char **)&s, 1) | DEBUG_TOP_FLAG;
2649 #else /* !DEBUGGING */
2650 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
2651 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
2652 "Recompile perl with -DDEBUGGING to use -D switch (did you mean -d ?)\n");
2653 for (s++; isALNUM(*s); s++) ;
2659 usage(PL_origargv[0]);
2663 Safefree(PL_inplace);
2664 #if defined(__CYGWIN__) /* do backup extension automagically */
2665 if (*(s+1) == '\0') {
2666 PL_inplace = savepv(".bak");
2669 #endif /* __CYGWIN__ */
2670 PL_inplace = savepv(s+1);
2672 for (s = PL_inplace; *s && !isSPACE(*s); s++) ;
2675 if (*s == '-') /* Additional switches on #! line. */
2679 case 'I': /* -I handled both here and in parse_body() */
2682 while (*s && isSPACE(*s))
2687 /* ignore trailing spaces (possibly followed by other switches) */
2689 for (e = p; *e && !isSPACE(*e); e++) ;
2693 } while (*p && *p != '-');
2694 e = savepvn(s, e-s);
2695 incpush(e, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE, FALSE);
2702 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No directory specified for -I");
2708 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ors_sv);
2714 PL_ors_sv = newSVpvn("\n",1);
2715 numlen = 3 + (*s == '0');
2716 *SvPVX(PL_ors_sv) = (char)grok_oct(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
2720 if (RsPARA(PL_rs)) {
2721 PL_ors_sv = newSVpvn("\n\n",2);
2724 PL_ors_sv = newSVsv(PL_rs);
2731 PL_preambleav = newAV();
2735 SV *sv = newSVpv("use assertions::activate", 24);
2736 while(isALNUM(*s) || *s == ':') ++s;
2738 sv_catpvn(sv, "::", 2);
2739 sv_catpvn(sv, start, s-start);
2742 sv_catpvn(sv, " split(/,/,q\0", 13);
2744 sv_catpvn(sv, "\0)", 2);
2747 else if (*s != '\0') {
2748 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use '%c' after -A%.*s", *s, s-start, start);
2750 av_push(PL_preambleav, sv);
2754 forbid_setid("-M"); /* XXX ? */
2757 forbid_setid("-m"); /* XXX ? */
2761 const char *use = "use ";
2762 /* -M-foo == 'no foo' */
2763 if (*s == '-') { use = "no "; ++s; }
2764 sv = newSVpv(use,0);
2766 /* We allow -M'Module qw(Foo Bar)' */
2767 while(isALNUM(*s) || *s==':') ++s;
2769 sv_catpv(sv, start);
2770 if (*(start-1) == 'm') {
2772 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use '%c' after -mname", *s);
2773 sv_catpv( sv, " ()");
2777 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Module name required with -%c option",
2779 sv_catpvn(sv, start, s-start);
2780 sv_catpv(sv, " split(/,/,q");
2781 sv_catpvn(sv, "\0)", 1); /* Use NUL as q//-delimiter. */
2783 sv_catpvn(sv, "\0)", 2);
2787 PL_preambleav = newAV();
2788 av_push(PL_preambleav, sv);
2791 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Missing argument to -%c", *(s-1));
2803 PL_doswitches = TRUE;
2817 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2818 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Believe me, you don't want to use \"-u\" on a Macintosh");
2820 PL_do_undump = TRUE;
2828 if (!sv_derived_from(PL_patchlevel, "version"))
2829 (void *)upg_version(PL_patchlevel);
2831 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2832 Perl_form(aTHX_ "\nThis is perl, v%"SVf" built for %s",
2833 vstringify(PL_patchlevel),
2836 /* Adjust verbose output as in the perl that ships with the DG/UX OS from EMC */
2837 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2838 Perl_form(aTHX_ "\nThis is perl, v%"SVf"\n",
2839 vstringify(PL_patchlevel)));
2840 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2841 Perl_form(aTHX_ " built under %s at %s %s\n",
2842 OSNAME, __DATE__, __TIME__));
2843 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2844 Perl_form(aTHX_ " OS Specific Release: %s\n",
2848 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
2849 if (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT > 0)
2850 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2851 "\n(with %d registered patch%s, "
2852 "see perl -V for more detail)",
2853 (int)LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT,
2854 (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT!=1) ? "es" : "");
2857 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2858 "\n\nCopyright 1987-2005, Larry Wall\n");
2859 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2860 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2861 "\nMac OS port Copyright 1991-2002, Matthias Neeracher;\n"
2862 "maintained by Chris Nandor\n");
2865 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2866 "\nMS-DOS port Copyright (c) 1989, 1990, Diomidis Spinellis\n");
2869 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2870 "djgpp v2 port (jpl5003c) by Hirofumi Watanabe, 1996\n"
2871 "djgpp v2 port (perl5004+) by Laszlo Molnar, 1997-1999\n");
2874 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2875 "\n\nOS/2 port Copyright (c) 1990, 1991, Raymond Chen, Kai Uwe Rommel\n"
2876 "Version 5 port Copyright (c) 1994-2002, Andreas Kaiser, Ilya Zakharevich\n");
2879 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2880 "atariST series port, ++jrb bammi@cadence.com\n");
2883 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2884 "BeOS port Copyright Tom Spindler, 1997-1999\n");
2887 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2888 "MPE/iX port Copyright by Mark Klein and Mark Bixby, 1996-2003\n");
2891 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2892 "MVS (OS390) port by Mortice Kern Systems, 1997-1999\n");
2895 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2896 "Stratus VOS port by Paul.Green@stratus.com, 1997-2002\n");
2899 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2900 "VM/ESA port by Neale Ferguson, 1998-1999\n");
2903 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2904 "BS2000 (POSIX) port by Start Amadeus GmbH, 1998-1999\n");
2907 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2908 "MiNT port by Guido Flohr, 1997-1999\n");
2911 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2912 "EPOC port by Olaf Flebbe, 1999-2002\n");
2915 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),"WINCE port by Rainer Keuchel, 2001-2002\n");
2916 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),"Built on " __DATE__ " " __TIME__ "\n\n");
2920 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2921 "Symbian port by Nokia, 2004-2005\n");
2923 #ifdef BINARY_BUILD_NOTICE
2924 BINARY_BUILD_NOTICE;
2926 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2928 Perl may be copied only under the terms of either the Artistic License or the\n\
2929 GNU General Public License, which may be found in the Perl 5 source kit.\n\n\
2930 Complete documentation for Perl, including FAQ lists, should be found on\n\
2931 this system using \"man perl\" or \"perldoc perl\". If you have access to the\n\
2932 Internet, point your browser at http://www.perl.org/, the Perl Home Page.\n\n");
2935 if (! (PL_dowarn & G_WARN_ALL_MASK))
2936 PL_dowarn |= G_WARN_ON;
2940 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_ALL_ON|G_WARN_ON;
2941 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
2942 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
2943 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = pWARN_ALL ;
2947 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_ALL_OFF;
2948 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
2949 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
2950 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = pWARN_NONE ;
2955 if (s[1] == '-') /* Additional switches on #! line. */
2960 #if defined(WIN32) || !defined(PERL_STRICT_CR)
2966 #ifdef ALTERNATE_SHEBANG
2967 case 'S': /* OS/2 needs -S on "extproc" line. */
2975 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't emulate -%.1s on #! line",s);
2980 /* compliments of Tom Christiansen */
2982 /* unexec() can be found in the Gnu emacs distribution */
2983 /* Known to work with -DUNEXEC and using unexelf.c from GNU emacs-20.2 */
2986 Perl_my_unexec(pTHX)
2994 prog = newSVpv(BIN_EXP, 0);
2995 sv_catpv(prog, "/perl");
2996 file = newSVpv(PL_origfilename, 0);
2997 sv_catpv(file, ".perldump");
2999 unexec(SvPVX(file), SvPVX(prog), &etext, sbrk(0), 0);
3000 /* unexec prints msg to stderr in case of failure */
3001 PerlProc_exit(status);
3004 # include <lib$routines.h>
3005 lib$signal(SS$_DEBUG); /* ssdef.h #included from vmsish.h */
3007 ABORT(); /* for use with undump */
3012 /* initialize curinterp */
3018 # define PERLVAR(var,type)
3019 # define PERLVARA(var,n,type)
3020 # if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
3021 # if defined(USE_5005THREADS)
3022 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
3023 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
3024 # else /* !USE_5005THREADS */
3025 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) aTHX->var = init;
3026 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) aTHX->var = init;
3027 # endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
3029 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
3030 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
3032 # include "intrpvar.h"
3033 # ifndef USE_5005THREADS
3034 # include "thrdvar.h"
3041 # define PERLVAR(var,type)
3042 # define PERLVARA(var,n,type)
3043 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PL_##var = init;
3044 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PL_##var = init;
3045 # include "intrpvar.h"
3046 # ifndef USE_5005THREADS
3047 # include "thrdvar.h"
3058 S_init_main_stash(pTHX)
3062 PL_curstash = PL_defstash = newHV();
3063 PL_curstname = newSVpvn("main",4);
3064 gv = gv_fetchpv("main::",TRUE, SVt_PVHV);
3065 SvREFCNT_dec(GvHV(gv));
3066 GvHV(gv) = (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(PL_defstash);
3068 Perl_hv_name_set(aTHX_ PL_defstash, "main", 4, 0);
3069 PL_incgv = gv_HVadd(gv_AVadd(gv_fetchpv("INC",TRUE, SVt_PVAV)));
3070 GvMULTI_on(PL_incgv);
3071 PL_hintgv = gv_fetchpv("\010",TRUE, SVt_PV); /* ^H */
3072 GvMULTI_on(PL_hintgv);
3073 PL_defgv = gv_fetchpv("_",TRUE, SVt_PVAV);
3074 PL_errgv = gv_HVadd(gv_fetchpv("@", TRUE, SVt_PV));
3075 GvMULTI_on(PL_errgv);
3076 PL_replgv = gv_fetchpv("\022", TRUE, SVt_PV); /* ^R */
3077 GvMULTI_on(PL_replgv);
3078 (void)Perl_form(aTHX_ "%240s",""); /* Preallocate temp - for immediate signals. */
3079 sv_grow(ERRSV, 240); /* Preallocate - for immediate signals. */
3080 sv_setpvn(ERRSV, "", 0);
3081 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
3082 CopSTASH_set(&PL_compiling, PL_defstash);
3083 PL_debstash = GvHV(gv_fetchpv("DB::", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
3084 PL_globalstash = GvHV(gv_fetchpv("CORE::GLOBAL::", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
3085 /* We must init $/ before switches are processed. */
3086 sv_setpvn(get_sv("/", TRUE), "\n", 1);
3089 /* PSz 18 Nov 03 fdscript now global but do not change prototype */
3091 S_open_script(pTHX_ const char *scriptname, bool dosearch, SV *sv)
3096 const char *cpp_discard_flag;
3105 PL_origfilename = savepvn("-e", 2);
3108 /* if find_script() returns, it returns a malloc()-ed value */
3109 scriptname = PL_origfilename = find_script(scriptname, dosearch, NULL, 1);
3111 if (strnEQ(scriptname, "/dev/fd/", 8) && isDIGIT(scriptname[8]) ) {
3112 const char *s = scriptname + 8;
3113 PL_fdscript = atoi(s);
3118 * Tell apart "normal" usage of fdscript, e.g.
3119 * with bash on FreeBSD:
3120 * perl <( echo '#!perl -DA'; echo 'print "$0\n"')
3121 * from usage in suidperl.
3122 * Does any "normal" usage leave garbage after the number???
3123 * Is it a mistake to use a similar /dev/fd/ construct for
3128 * Be supersafe and do some sanity-checks.
3129 * Still, can we be sure we got the right thing?
3132 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Wrong syntax (suid) fd script name \"%s\"\n", s);
3135 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Missing (suid) fd script name\n");
3137 scriptname = savepv(s + 1);
3138 Safefree(PL_origfilename);
3139 PL_origfilename = (char *)scriptname;
3144 CopFILE_free(PL_curcop);
3145 CopFILE_set(PL_curcop, PL_origfilename);
3146 if (*PL_origfilename == '-' && PL_origfilename[1] == '\0')
3147 scriptname = (char *)"";
3148 if (PL_fdscript >= 0) {
3149 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_fdopen(PL_fdscript,PERL_SCRIPT_MODE);
3150 # if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3152 /* ensure close-on-exec */
3153 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,1);
3158 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "sperl needs fd script\n"
3159 "You should not call sperl directly; do you need to "
3160 "change a #! line\nfrom sperl to perl?\n");
3163 * Do not open (or do other fancy stuff) while setuid.
3164 * Perl does the open, and hands script to suidperl on a fd;
3165 * suidperl only does some checks, sets up UIDs and re-execs
3166 * perl with that fd as it has always done.
3169 if (PL_suidscript != 1) {
3170 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "suidperl needs (suid) fd script\n");
3173 else if (PL_preprocess) {
3174 const char *cpp_cfg = CPPSTDIN;
3175 SV *cpp = newSVpvn("",0);
3176 SV *cmd = NEWSV(0,0);
3178 if (cpp_cfg[0] == 0) /* PERL_MICRO? */
3179 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't run with cpp -P with CPPSTDIN undefined");
3180 if (strEQ(cpp_cfg, "cppstdin"))
3181 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ cpp, "%s/", BIN_EXP);
3182 sv_catpv(cpp, cpp_cfg);
3185 sv_catpvn(sv, "-I", 2);
3186 sv_catpv(sv,PRIVLIB_EXP);
3189 DEBUG_P(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3190 "PL_preprocess: scriptname=\"%s\", cpp=\"%s\", sv=\"%s\", CPPMINUS=\"%s\"\n",
3191 scriptname, SvPVX_const (cpp), SvPVX_const (sv),
3194 # if defined(MSDOS) || defined(WIN32) || defined(VMS)
3201 cpp_discard_flag = "";
3203 cpp_discard_flag = "-C";
3207 perl = os2_execname(aTHX);
3209 perl = PL_origargv[0];
3213 /* This strips off Perl comments which might interfere with
3214 the C pre-processor, including #!. #line directives are
3215 deliberately stripped to avoid confusion with Perl's version
3216 of #line. FWP played some golf with it so it will fit
3217 into VMS's 255 character buffer.
3220 code = "(1../^#!.*perl/i)|/^\\s*#(?!\\s*((ifn?|un)def|(el|end)?if|define|include|else|error|pragma)\\b)/||!($|=1)||print";
3222 code = "/^\\s*#(?!\\s*((ifn?|un)def|(el|end)?if|define|include|else|error|pragma)\\b)/||!($|=1)||print";
3224 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ cmd, "\
3225 %s -ne%s%s%s %s | %"SVf" %s %"SVf" %s",
3226 perl, quote, code, quote, scriptname, cpp,
3227 cpp_discard_flag, sv, CPPMINUS);
3229 PL_doextract = FALSE;
3231 DEBUG_P(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3232 "PL_preprocess: cmd=\"%s\"\n",
3235 PL_rsfp = PerlProc_popen((char *)SvPVX_const(cmd), (char *)"r");
3239 else if (!*scriptname) {
3240 forbid_setid("program input from stdin");
3241 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_stdin();
3244 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_open(scriptname,PERL_SCRIPT_MODE);
3245 # if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3247 /* ensure close-on-exec */
3248 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,1);
3251 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3253 /* PSz 16 Sep 03 Keep neat error message */
3254 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't open perl script \"%s\": %s\n",
3255 CopFILE(PL_curcop), Strerror(errno));
3260 * I_SYSSTATVFS HAS_FSTATVFS
3262 * I_STATFS HAS_FSTATFS HAS_GETFSSTAT
3263 * I_MNTENT HAS_GETMNTENT HAS_HASMNTOPT
3264 * here so that metaconfig picks them up. */
3268 S_fd_on_nosuid_fs(pTHX_ int fd)
3271 * We used to do this as "plain" user (after swapping UIDs with setreuid);
3272 * but is needed also on machines without setreuid.
3273 * Seems safe enough to run as root.
3275 int check_okay = 0; /* able to do all the required sys/libcalls */
3276 int on_nosuid = 0; /* the fd is on a nosuid fs */
3278 * Need to check noexec also: nosuid might not be set, the average
3279 * sysadmin would say that nosuid is irrelevant once he sets noexec.
3281 int on_noexec = 0; /* the fd is on a noexec fs */
3284 * Preferred order: fstatvfs(), fstatfs(), ustat()+getmnt(), getmntent().
3285 * fstatvfs() is UNIX98.
3286 * fstatfs() is 4.3 BSD.
3287 * ustat()+getmnt() is pre-4.3 BSD.
3288 * getmntent() is O(number-of-mounted-filesystems) and can hang on
3289 * an irrelevant filesystem while trying to reach the right one.
3292 #undef FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY /* found the syscalls to do the check? */
3294 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3295 defined(HAS_FSTATVFS)
3296 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3297 struct statvfs stfs;
3299 check_okay = fstatvfs(fd, &stfs) == 0;
3300 on_nosuid = check_okay && (stfs.f_flag & ST_NOSUID);
3302 /* ST_NOEXEC certainly absent on AIX 5.1, and doesn't seem to be documented
3303 on platforms where it is present. */
3304 on_noexec = check_okay && (stfs.f_flag & ST_NOEXEC);
3306 # endif /* fstatvfs */
3308 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3309 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID) && \
3310 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC) && \
3311 defined(HAS_FSTATFS) && \
3312 defined(HAS_STRUCT_STATFS) && \
3313 defined(HAS_STRUCT_STATFS_F_FLAGS)
3314 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3317 check_okay = fstatfs(fd, &stfs) == 0;
3318 on_nosuid = check_okay && (stfs.f_flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID);
3319 on_noexec = check_okay && (stfs.f_flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC);
3320 # endif /* fstatfs */
3322 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3323 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID) && \
3324 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC) && \
3325 defined(HAS_FSTAT) && \
3326 defined(HAS_USTAT) && \
3327 defined(HAS_GETMNT) && \
3328 defined(HAS_STRUCT_FS_DATA) && \
3330 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3333 if (fstat(fd, &fdst) == 0) {
3335 if (ustat(fdst.st_dev, &us) == 0) {
3337 /* NOSTAT_ONE here because we're not examining fields which
3338 * vary between that case and STAT_ONE. */
3339 if (getmnt((int*)0, &fsd, (int)0, NOSTAT_ONE, us.f_fname) == 0) {
3340 size_t cmplen = sizeof(us.f_fname);
3341 if (sizeof(fsd.fd_req.path) < cmplen)
3342 cmplen = sizeof(fsd.fd_req.path);
3343 if (strnEQ(fsd.fd_req.path, us.f_fname, cmplen) &&
3344 fdst.st_dev == fsd.fd_req.dev) {
3346 on_nosuid = fsd.fd_req.flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID;
3347 on_noexec = fsd.fd_req.flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC;
3353 # endif /* fstat+ustat+getmnt */
3355 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3356 defined(HAS_GETMNTENT) && \
3357 defined(HAS_HASMNTOPT) && \
3358 defined(MNTOPT_NOSUID) && \
3359 defined(MNTOPT_NOEXEC)
3360 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3361 FILE *mtab = fopen("/etc/mtab", "r");
3362 struct mntent *entry;
3365 if (mtab && (fstat(fd, &stb) == 0)) {
3366 while (entry = getmntent(mtab)) {
3367 if (stat(entry->mnt_dir, &fsb) == 0
3368 && fsb.st_dev == stb.st_dev)
3370 /* found the filesystem */
3372 if (hasmntopt(entry, MNTOPT_NOSUID))
3374 if (hasmntopt(entry, MNTOPT_NOEXEC))
3377 } /* A single fs may well fail its stat(). */
3382 # endif /* getmntent+hasmntopt */
3385 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't check filesystem of script \"%s\" for nosuid/noexec", PL_origfilename);
3387 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script \"%s\" on nosuid filesystem", PL_origfilename);
3389 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script \"%s\" on noexec filesystem", PL_origfilename);
3390 return ((!check_okay) || on_nosuid || on_noexec);
3392 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3395 S_validate_suid(pTHX_ const char *validarg, const char *scriptname)
3400 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3402 /* do we need to emulate setuid on scripts? */
3404 /* This code is for those BSD systems that have setuid #! scripts disabled
3405 * in the kernel because of a security problem. Merely defining DOSUID
3406 * in perl will not fix that problem, but if you have disabled setuid
3407 * scripts in the kernel, this will attempt to emulate setuid and setgid
3408 * on scripts that have those now-otherwise-useless bits set. The setuid
3409 * root version must be called suidperl or sperlN.NNN. If regular perl
3410 * discovers that it has opened a setuid script, it calls suidperl with
3411 * the same argv that it had. If suidperl finds that the script it has
3412 * just opened is NOT setuid root, it sets the effective uid back to the
3413 * uid. We don't just make perl setuid root because that loses the
3414 * effective uid we had before invoking perl, if it was different from the
3417 * Description/comments above do not match current workings:
3418 * suidperl must be hardlinked to sperlN.NNN (that is what we exec);
3419 * suidperl called with script open and name changed to /dev/fd/N/X;
3420 * suidperl croaks if script is not setuid;
3421 * making perl setuid would be a huge security risk (and yes, that
3422 * would lose any euid we might have had).
3424 * DOSUID must be defined in both perl and suidperl, and IAMSUID must
3425 * be defined in suidperl only. suidperl must be setuid root. The
3426 * Configure script will set this up for you if you want it.
3432 if (PerlLIO_fstat(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),&PL_statbuf) < 0) /* normal stat is insecure */
3433 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't stat script \"%s\"",PL_origfilename);
3434 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & (S_ISUID|S_ISGID)) {
3436 const char *linestr;
3439 if (PL_fdscript < 0 || PL_suidscript != 1)
3440 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Need (suid) fdscript in suidperl\n"); /* We already checked this */
3442 * Since the script is opened by perl, not suidperl, some of these
3443 * checks are superfluous. Leaving them in probably does not lower
3447 * Do checks even for systems with no HAS_SETREUID.
3448 * We used to swap, then re-swap UIDs with
3450 if (setreuid(PL_euid,PL_uid) < 0
3451 || PerlProc_getuid() != PL_euid || PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_uid)
3452 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't swap uid and euid");
3455 if (setreuid(PL_uid,PL_euid) < 0
3456 || PerlProc_getuid() != PL_uid || PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_euid)
3457 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't reswap uid and euid");
3461 /* On this access check to make sure the directories are readable,
3462 * there is actually a small window that the user could use to make
3463 * filename point to an accessible directory. So there is a faint
3464 * chance that someone could execute a setuid script down in a
3465 * non-accessible directory. I don't know what to do about that.
3466 * But I don't think it's too important. The manual lies when
3467 * it says access() is useful in setuid programs.
3469 * So, access() is pretty useless... but not harmful... do anyway.
3471 if (PerlLIO_access(CopFILE(PL_curcop),1)) { /*double check*/
3472 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't access() script\n");
3475 /* If we can swap euid and uid, then we can determine access rights
3476 * with a simple stat of the file, and then compare device and
3477 * inode to make sure we did stat() on the same file we opened.
3478 * Then we just have to make sure he or she can execute it.
3481 * As the script is opened by perl, not suidperl, we do not need to
3482 * care much about access rights.
3484 * The 'script changed' check is needed, or we can get lied to
3485 * about $0 with e.g.
3486 * suidperl /dev/fd/4//bin/x 4<setuidscript
3487 * Without HAS_SETREUID, is it safe to stat() as root?
3489 * Are there any operating systems that pass /dev/fd/xxx for setuid
3490 * scripts, as suggested/described in perlsec(1)? Surely they do not
3491 * pass the script name as we do, so the "script changed" test would
3492 * fail for them... but we never get here with
3493 * SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW defined.
3495 * This is one place where we must "lie" about return status: not
3496 * say if the stat() failed. We are doing this as root, and could
3497 * be tricked into reporting existence or not of files that the
3498 * "plain" user cannot even see.
3502 if (PerlLIO_stat(CopFILE(PL_curcop),&tmpstatbuf) < 0 ||
3503 tmpstatbuf.st_dev != PL_statbuf.st_dev ||
3504 tmpstatbuf.st_ino != PL_statbuf.st_ino) {
3505 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script changed\n");
3509 if (!cando(S_IXUSR,FALSE,&PL_statbuf)) /* can real uid exec? */
3510 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Real UID cannot exec script\n");
3513 * We used to do this check as the "plain" user (after swapping
3514 * UIDs). But the check for nosuid and noexec filesystem is needed,
3515 * and should be done even without HAS_SETREUID. (Maybe those
3516 * operating systems do not have such mount options anyway...)
3517 * Seems safe enough to do as root.
3519 #if !defined(NO_NOSUID_CHECK)
3520 if (fd_on_nosuid_fs(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp))) {
3521 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script on nosuid or noexec filesystem\n");
3524 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3526 if (!S_ISREG(PL_statbuf.st_mode)) {
3527 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script not plain file\n");
3529 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_IWOTH)
3530 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid/gid script is writable by world");
3531 PL_doswitches = FALSE; /* -s is insecure in suid */
3532 /* PSz 13 Nov 03 But -s was caught elsewhere ... so unsetting it here is useless(?!) */
3533 CopLINE_inc(PL_curcop);
3534 linestr = SvPV_nolen_const(PL_linestr);
3535 if (sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0) == Nullch ||
3536 strnNE(linestr,"#!",2) ) /* required even on Sys V */
3537 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No #! line");
3541 /* Sanity check on line length */
3542 if (strlen(s) < 1 || strlen(s) > 4000)
3543 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Very long #! line");
3544 /* Allow more than a single space after #! */
3545 while (isSPACE(*s)) s++;
3546 /* Sanity check on buffer end */
3547 while ((*s) && !isSPACE(*s)) s++;
3548 for (s2 = s; (s2 > linestr &&
3549 (isDIGIT(s2[-1]) || s2[-1] == '.' || s2[-1] == '_'
3550 || s2[-1] == '-')); s2--) ;
3551 /* Sanity check on buffer start */
3552 if ( (s2-4 < linestr || strnNE(s2-4,"perl",4)) &&
3553 (s-9 < linestr || strnNE(s-9,"perl",4)) )
3554 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Not a perl script");
3555 while (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t') s++;
3557 * #! arg must be what we saw above. They can invoke it by
3558 * mentioning suidperl explicitly, but they may not add any strange
3559 * arguments beyond what #! says if they do invoke suidperl that way.
3562 * The way validarg was set up, we rely on the kernel to start
3563 * scripts with argv[1] set to contain all #! line switches (the
3567 * Check that we got all the arguments listed in the #! line (not
3568 * just that there are no extraneous arguments). Might not matter
3569 * much, as switches from #! line seem to be acted upon (also), and
3570 * so may be checked and trapped in perl. But, security checks must
3571 * be done in suidperl and not deferred to perl. Note that suidperl
3572 * does not get around to parsing (and checking) the switches on
3573 * the #! line (but execs perl sooner).
3574 * Allow (require) a trailing newline (which may be of two
3575 * characters on some architectures?) (but no other trailing
3578 len = strlen(validarg);
3579 if (strEQ(validarg," PHOOEY ") ||
3580 strnNE(s,validarg,len) || !isSPACE(s[len]) ||
3581 !(strlen(s) == len+1 || (strlen(s) == len+2 && isSPACE(s[len+1]))))
3582 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Args must match #! line");
3585 if (PL_fdscript < 0 &&
3586 PL_euid != PL_uid && (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID) &&
3587 PL_euid == PL_statbuf.st_uid)
3589 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "YOU HAVEN'T DISABLED SET-ID SCRIPTS IN THE KERNEL YET!\n\
3590 FIX YOUR KERNEL, OR PUT A C WRAPPER AROUND THIS SCRIPT!\n");
3591 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3593 if (PL_fdscript < 0 &&
3594 PL_euid) { /* oops, we're not the setuid root perl */
3596 * When root runs a setuid script, we do not go through the same
3597 * steps of execing sperl and then perl with fd scripts, but
3598 * simply set up UIDs within the same perl invocation; so do
3599 * not have the same checks (on options, whatever) that we have
3600 * for plain users. No problem really: would have to be a script
3601 * that does not actually work for plain users; and if root is
3602 * foolish and can be persuaded to run such an unsafe script, he
3603 * might run also non-setuid ones, and deserves what he gets.
3605 * Or, we might drop the PL_euid check above (and rely just on
3606 * PL_fdscript to avoid loops), and do the execs
3612 * Pass fd script to suidperl.
3613 * Exec suidperl, substituting fd script for scriptname.
3614 * Pass script name as "subdir" of fd, which perl will grok;
3615 * in fact will use that to distinguish this from "normal"
3616 * usage, see comments above.
3618 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
3619 PerlLIO_lseek(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),(Off_t)0,0); /* just in case rewind didn't */
3620 /* PSz 27 Feb 04 Sanity checks on scriptname */
3621 if ((!scriptname) || (!*scriptname) ) {
3622 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No setuid script name\n");
3624 if (*scriptname == '-') {
3625 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script name may not begin with dash\n");
3626 /* Or we might confuse it with an option when replacing
3627 * name in argument list, below (though we do pointer, not
3628 * string, comparisons).
3631 for (which = 1; PL_origargv[which] && PL_origargv[which] != scriptname; which++) ;
3632 if (!PL_origargv[which]) {
3633 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't change argv to have fd script\n");
3635 PL_origargv[which] = savepv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "/dev/fd/%d/%s",
3636 PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp), PL_origargv[which]));
3637 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3638 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,0); /* ensure no close-on-exec */
3641 PerlProc_execv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s/sperl"PERL_FS_VER_FMT, BIN_EXP,
3642 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
3643 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION), PL_origargv);
3645 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3646 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setuid (cannot exec sperl)\n");
3649 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISGID && PL_statbuf.st_gid != PL_egid) {
3651 * This seems back to front: we try HAS_SETEGID first; if not available
3652 * then try HAS_SETREGID; as a last chance we try HAS_SETRESGID. May be OK
3653 * in the sense that we only want to set EGID; but are there any machines
3654 * with either of the latter, but not the former? Same with UID, later.
3657 (void)setegid(PL_statbuf.st_gid);
3660 (void)setregid((Gid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_gid);
3662 #ifdef HAS_SETRESGID
3663 (void)setresgid((Gid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_gid,(Gid_t)-1);
3665 PerlProc_setgid(PL_statbuf.st_gid);
3669 if (PerlProc_getegid() != PL_statbuf.st_gid)
3670 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setegid!\n");
3672 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID) {
3673 if (PL_statbuf.st_uid != PL_euid)
3675 (void)seteuid(PL_statbuf.st_uid); /* all that for this */
3678 (void)setreuid((Uid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_uid);
3680 #ifdef HAS_SETRESUID
3681 (void)setresuid((Uid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_uid,(Uid_t)-1);
3683 PerlProc_setuid(PL_statbuf.st_uid);
3687 if (PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_statbuf.st_uid)
3688 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do seteuid!\n");
3690 else if (PL_uid) { /* oops, mustn't run as root */
3692 (void)seteuid((Uid_t)PL_uid);
3695 (void)setreuid((Uid_t)-1,(Uid_t)PL_uid);
3697 #ifdef HAS_SETRESUID
3698 (void)setresuid((Uid_t)-1,(Uid_t)PL_uid,(Uid_t)-1);
3700 PerlProc_setuid((Uid_t)PL_uid);
3704 if (PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_uid)
3705 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do seteuid!\n");
3708 if (!cando(S_IXUSR,TRUE,&PL_statbuf))
3709 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Effective UID cannot exec script\n"); /* they can't do this */
3712 else if (PL_preprocess) /* PSz 13 Nov 03 Caught elsewhere, useless(?!) here */
3713 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "-P not allowed for setuid/setgid script\n");
3714 else if (PL_fdscript < 0 || PL_suidscript != 1)
3715 /* PSz 13 Nov 03 Caught elsewhere, useless(?!) here */
3716 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "(suid) fdscript needed in suidperl\n");
3718 /* PSz 16 Sep 03 Keep neat error message */
3719 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Script is not setuid/setgid in suidperl\n");
3722 /* We absolutely must clear out any saved ids here, so we */
3723 /* exec the real perl, substituting fd script for scriptname. */
3724 /* (We pass script name as "subdir" of fd, which perl will grok.) */
3726 * It might be thought that using setresgid and/or setresuid (changed to
3727 * set the saved IDs) above might obviate the need to exec, and we could
3728 * go on to "do the perl thing".
3730 * Is there such a thing as "saved GID", and is that set for setuid (but
3731 * not setgid) execution like suidperl? Without exec, it would not be
3732 * cleared for setuid (but not setgid) scripts (or might need a dummy
3735 * We need suidperl to do the exact same argument checking that perl
3736 * does. Thus it cannot be very small; while it could be significantly
3737 * smaller, it is safer (simpler?) to make it essentially the same
3738 * binary as perl (but they are not identical). - Maybe could defer that
3739 * check to the invoked perl, and suidperl be a tiny wrapper instead;
3740 * but prefer to do thorough checks in suidperl itself. Such deferral
3741 * would make suidperl security rely on perl, a design no-no.
3743 * Setuid things should be short and simple, thus easy to understand and
3744 * verify. They should do their "own thing", without influence by
3745 * attackers. It may help if their internal execution flow is fixed,
3746 * regardless of platform: it may be best to exec anyway.
3748 * Suidperl should at least be conceptually simple: a wrapper only,
3749 * never to do any real perl. Maybe we should put
3751 * Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Suidperl should never do real perl\n");
3753 * into the perly bits.
3755 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
3756 PerlLIO_lseek(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),(Off_t)0,0); /* just in case rewind didn't */
3758 * Keep original arguments: suidperl already has fd script.
3760 /* for (which = 1; PL_origargv[which] && PL_origargv[which] != scriptname; which++) ; */
3761 /* if (!PL_origargv[which]) { */
3762 /* errno = EPERM; */
3763 /* Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Permission denied\n"); */
3765 /* PL_origargv[which] = savepv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "/dev/fd/%d/%s", */
3766 /* PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp), PL_origargv[which])); */
3767 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3768 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,0); /* ensure no close-on-exec */
3771 PerlProc_execv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s/perl"PERL_FS_VER_FMT, BIN_EXP,
3772 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
3773 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION), PL_origargv);/* try again */
3775 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setuid (suidperl cannot exec perl)\n");
3776 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3778 if (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid) { /* (suidperl doesn't exist, in fact) */
3779 #ifndef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
3780 PerlLIO_fstat(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),&PL_statbuf); /* may be either wrapped or real suid */
3781 if ((PL_euid != PL_uid && PL_euid == PL_statbuf.st_uid && PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID)
3783 (PL_egid != PL_gid && PL_egid == PL_statbuf.st_gid && PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISGID)
3786 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "YOU HAVEN'T DISABLED SET-ID SCRIPTS IN THE KERNEL YET!\n\
3787 FIX YOUR KERNEL, PUT A C WRAPPER AROUND THIS SCRIPT, OR USE -u AND UNDUMP!\n");
3788 #endif /* SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW */
3789 /* not set-id, must be wrapped */
3797 S_find_beginning(pTHX)
3800 register const char *s2;
3801 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3805 /* skip forward in input to the real script? */
3808 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3809 /* Since the Mac OS does not honor #! arguments for us, we do it ourselves */
3811 while (PL_doextract || gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
3812 if ((s = sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0)) == Nullch) {
3813 if (!gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract)
3814 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No Perl script found in input\n");
3816 if (PL_doextract) /* require explicit override ? */
3817 if (!OverrideExtract(PL_origfilename))
3818 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "User aborted script\n");
3820 PL_doextract = FALSE;
3822 /* Pater peccavi, file does not have #! */
3823 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
3828 while (PL_doextract) {
3829 if ((s = sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0)) == Nullch)
3830 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No Perl script found in input\n");
3833 if (*s == '#' && s[1] == '!' && ((s = instr(s,"perl")) || (s = instr(s2,"PERL")))) {
3834 PerlIO_ungetc(PL_rsfp, '\n'); /* to keep line count right */
3835 PL_doextract = FALSE;
3836 while (*s && !(isSPACE (*s) || *s == '#')) s++;
3838 while (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t') s++;
3840 while (isDIGIT(s2[-1]) || s2[-1] == '-' || s2[-1] == '.'
3841 || s2[-1] == '_') s2--;
3842 if (strnEQ(s2-4,"perl",4))
3844 while ((s = moreswitches(s)))
3847 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3848 /* We are always searching for the #!perl line in MacPerl,
3849 * so if we find it, still keep the line count correct
3850 * by counting lines we already skipped over
3852 for (; maclines > 0 ; maclines--)
3853 PerlIO_ungetc(PL_rsfp, '\n');
3857 /* gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract is false in MPW tool */
3858 } else if (gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
3869 PL_uid = PerlProc_getuid();
3870 PL_euid = PerlProc_geteuid();
3871 PL_gid = PerlProc_getgid();
3872 PL_egid = PerlProc_getegid();
3874 PL_uid |= PL_gid << 16;
3875 PL_euid |= PL_egid << 16;
3877 /* Should not happen: */
3878 CHECK_MALLOC_TAINT(PL_uid && (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid));
3879 PL_tainting |= (PL_uid && (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid));
3882 * Should go by suidscript, not uid!=euid: why disallow
3883 * system("ls") in scripts run from setuid things?
3884 * Or, is this run before we check arguments and set suidscript?
3885 * What about SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW: could we use fdscript then?
3886 * (We never have suidscript, can we be sure to have fdscript?)
3887 * Or must then go by UID checks? See comments in forbid_setid also.
3891 /* This is used very early in the lifetime of the program,
3892 * before even the options are parsed, so PL_tainting has
3893 * not been initialized properly. */
3895 Perl_doing_taint(int argc, char *argv[], char *envp[])
3897 #ifndef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
3898 /* If we have PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS we can't call getuid() et alia
3899 * before we have an interpreter-- and the whole point of this
3900 * function is to be called at such an early stage. If you are on
3901 * a system with PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS but you do have a concept of
3902 * "tainted because running with altered effective ids', you'll
3903 * have to add your own checks somewhere in here. The two most
3904 * known samples of 'implicitness' are Win32 and NetWare, neither
3905 * of which has much of concept of 'uids'. */
3906 int uid = PerlProc_getuid();
3907 int euid = PerlProc_geteuid();
3908 int gid = PerlProc_getgid();
3909 int egid = PerlProc_getegid();
3916 if (uid && (euid != uid || egid != gid))
3918 #endif /* !PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS */
3919 /* This is a really primitive check; environment gets ignored only
3920 * if -T are the first chars together; otherwise one gets
3921 * "Too late" message. */
3922 if ( argc > 1 && argv[1][0] == '-'
3923 && (argv[1][1] == 't' || argv[1][1] == 'T') )
3929 S_forbid_setid(pTHX_ const char *s)
3931 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
3932 if (PL_euid != PL_uid)
3933 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed while running setuid", s);
3934 if (PL_egid != PL_gid)
3935 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed while running setgid", s);
3936 #endif /* SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW */
3938 * Checks for UID/GID above "wrong": why disallow
3939 * perl -e 'print "Hello\n"'
3940 * from within setuid things?? Simply drop them: replaced by
3941 * fdscript/suidscript and #ifdef IAMSUID checks below.
3943 * This may be too late for command-line switches. Will catch those on
3944 * the #! line, after finding the script name and setting up
3945 * fdscript/suidscript. Note that suidperl does not get around to
3946 * parsing (and checking) the switches on the #! line, but checks that
3947 * the two sets are identical.
3949 * With SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW, could we use fdscript, also or
3950 * instead, or would that be "too late"? (We never have suidscript, can
3951 * we be sure to have fdscript?)
3953 * Catch things with suidscript (in descendant of suidperl), even with
3954 * right UID/GID. Was already checked in suidperl, with #ifdef IAMSUID,
3955 * below; but I am paranoid.
3957 * Also see comments about root running a setuid script, elsewhere.
3959 if (PL_suidscript >= 0)
3960 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed with (suid) fdscript", s);
3962 /* PSz 11 Nov 03 Catch it in suidperl, always! */
3963 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed in suidperl", s);
3964 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3968 Perl_init_debugger(pTHX)
3970 HV *ostash = PL_curstash;
3972 PL_curstash = PL_debstash;
3973 PL_dbargs = GvAV(gv_AVadd((gv_fetchpv("DB::args", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVAV))));
3974 AvREAL_off(PL_dbargs);
3975 PL_DBgv = gv_fetchpv("DB::DB", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVGV);
3976 PL_DBline = gv_fetchpv("DB::dbline", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVAV);
3977 PL_DBsub = gv_HVadd(gv_fetchpv("DB::sub", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
3978 PL_DBsingle = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("DB::single", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
3979 sv_setiv(PL_DBsingle, 0);
3980 PL_DBtrace = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("DB::trace", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
3981 sv_setiv(PL_DBtrace, 0);
3982 PL_DBsignal = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("DB::signal", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
3983 sv_setiv(PL_DBsignal, 0);
3984 PL_DBassertion = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("DB::assertion", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
3985 sv_setiv(PL_DBassertion, 0);
3986 PL_curstash = ostash;
3989 #ifndef STRESS_REALLOC
3990 #define REASONABLE(size) (size)
3992 #define REASONABLE(size) (1) /* unreasonable */
3996 Perl_init_stacks(pTHX)
3998 /* start with 128-item stack and 8K cxstack */
3999 PL_curstackinfo = new_stackinfo(REASONABLE(128),
4000 REASONABLE(8192/sizeof(PERL_CONTEXT) - 1));
4001 PL_curstackinfo->si_type = PERLSI_MAIN;
4002 PL_curstack = PL_curstackinfo->si_stack;
4003 PL_mainstack = PL_curstack; /* remember in case we switch stacks */
4005 PL_stack_base = AvARRAY(PL_curstack);
4006 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base;
4007 PL_stack_max = PL_stack_base + AvMAX(PL_curstack);
4009 New(50,PL_tmps_stack,REASONABLE(128),SV*);
4012 PL_tmps_max = REASONABLE(128);
4014 New(54,PL_markstack,REASONABLE(32),I32);
4015 PL_markstack_ptr = PL_markstack;
4016 PL_markstack_max = PL_markstack + REASONABLE(32);
4020 New(54,PL_scopestack,REASONABLE(32),I32);
4021 PL_scopestack_ix = 0;
4022 PL_scopestack_max = REASONABLE(32);
4024 New(54,PL_savestack,REASONABLE(128),ANY);
4025 PL_savestack_ix = 0;
4026 PL_savestack_max = REASONABLE(128);
4034 while (PL_curstackinfo->si_next)
4035 PL_curstackinfo = PL_curstackinfo->si_next;
4036 while (PL_curstackinfo) {
4037 PERL_SI *p = PL_curstackinfo->si_prev;
4038 /* curstackinfo->si_stack got nuked by sv_free_arenas() */
4039 Safefree(PL_curstackinfo->si_cxstack);
4040 Safefree(PL_curstackinfo);
4041 PL_curstackinfo = p;
4043 Safefree(PL_tmps_stack);
4044 Safefree(PL_markstack);
4045 Safefree(PL_scopestack);
4046 Safefree(PL_savestack);
4055 lex_start(PL_linestr);
4057 PL_subname = newSVpvn("main",4);
4061 S_init_predump_symbols(pTHX)
4066 sv_setpvn(get_sv("\"", TRUE), " ", 1);
4067 PL_stdingv = gv_fetchpv("STDIN",TRUE, SVt_PVIO);
4068 GvMULTI_on(PL_stdingv);
4069 io = GvIOp(PL_stdingv);
4070 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_RDONLY;
4071 IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stdin();
4072 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("stdin",TRUE, SVt_PV);
4074 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc(io);
4076 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("STDOUT",TRUE, SVt_PVIO);
4079 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_WRONLY;
4080 IoOFP(io) = IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stdout();
4082 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("stdout",TRUE, SVt_PV);
4084 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc(io);
4086 PL_stderrgv = gv_fetchpv("STDERR",TRUE, SVt_PVIO);
4087 GvMULTI_on(PL_stderrgv);
4088 io = GvIOp(PL_stderrgv);
4089 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_WRONLY;
4090 IoOFP(io) = IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stderr();
4091 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("stderr",TRUE, SVt_PV);
4093 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc(io);
4095 PL_statname = NEWSV(66,0); /* last filename we did stat on */
4098 Safefree(PL_osname);
4099 PL_osname = savepv(OSNAME);
4103 Perl_init_argv_symbols(pTHX_ register int argc, register char **argv)
4106 argc--,argv++; /* skip name of script */
4107 if (PL_doswitches) {
4108 for (; argc > 0 && **argv == '-'; argc--,argv++) {
4111 if (argv[0][1] == '-' && !argv[0][2]) {
4115 if ((s = strchr(argv[0], '='))) {
4117 sv_setpv(GvSV(gv_fetchpv(argv[0]+1,TRUE, SVt_PV)),s);
4120 sv_setiv(GvSV(gv_fetchpv(argv[0]+1,TRUE, SVt_PV)),1);
4123 if ((PL_argvgv = gv_fetchpv("ARGV",TRUE, SVt_PVAV))) {
4124 GvMULTI_on(PL_argvgv);
4125 (void)gv_AVadd(PL_argvgv);
4126 av_clear(GvAVn(PL_argvgv));
4127 for (; argc > 0; argc--,argv++) {
4128 SV *sv = newSVpv(argv[0],0);
4129 av_push(GvAVn(PL_argvgv),sv);
4130 if (!(PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_LOCALE_FLAG) || PL_utf8locale) {
4131 if (PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_ARGV_FLAG)
4134 if (PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_WIDESYSCALLS_FLAG) /* Sarathy? */
4135 (void)sv_utf8_decode(sv);
4141 S_init_postdump_symbols(pTHX_ register int argc, register char **argv, register char **env)
4146 PL_toptarget = NEWSV(0,0);
4147 sv_upgrade(PL_toptarget, SVt_PVFM);
4148 sv_setpvn(PL_toptarget, "", 0);
4149 PL_bodytarget = NEWSV(0,0);
4150 sv_upgrade(PL_bodytarget, SVt_PVFM);
4151 sv_setpvn(PL_bodytarget, "", 0);
4152 PL_formtarget = PL_bodytarget;
4156 init_argv_symbols(argc,argv);
4158 if ((tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("0",TRUE, SVt_PV))) {
4159 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4160 /* $0 is not majick on a Mac */
4161 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv),MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
4163 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv),PL_origfilename);
4164 magicname("0", "0", 1);
4167 if ((PL_envgv = gv_fetchpv("ENV",TRUE, SVt_PVHV))) {
4169 GvMULTI_on(PL_envgv);
4170 hv = GvHVn(PL_envgv);
4171 hv_magic(hv, Nullgv, PERL_MAGIC_env);
4173 #ifdef USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY
4174 /* Note that if the supplied env parameter is actually a copy
4175 of the global environ then it may now point to free'd memory
4176 if the environment has been modified since. To avoid this
4177 problem we treat env==NULL as meaning 'use the default'
4182 # ifdef USE_ITHREADS
4183 && PL_curinterp == aTHX
4187 environ[0] = Nullch;
4190 char** origenv = environ;
4193 for (; *env; env++) {
4194 if (!(s = strchr(*env,'=')) || s == *env)
4196 #if defined(MSDOS) && !defined(DJGPP)
4201 sv = newSVpv(s+1, 0);
4202 (void)hv_store(hv, *env, s - *env, sv, 0);
4205 if (origenv != environ) {
4206 /* realloc has shifted us */
4207 env = (env - origenv) + environ;
4212 #endif /* USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY */
4213 #endif /* !PERL_MICRO */
4216 if ((tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("$",TRUE, SVt_PV))) {
4217 SvREADONLY_off(GvSV(tmpgv));
4218 sv_setiv(GvSV(tmpgv), (IV)PerlProc_getpid());
4219 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(tmpgv));
4221 #ifdef THREADS_HAVE_PIDS
4222 PL_ppid = (IV)getppid();
4225 /* touch @F array to prevent spurious warnings 20020415 MJD */
4227 (void) get_av("main::F", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4229 /* touch @- and @+ arrays to prevent spurious warnings 20020415 MJD */
4230 (void) get_av("main::-", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4231 (void) get_av("main::+", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4235 S_init_perllib(pTHX)
4240 s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL5LIB");
4242 incpush(s, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE);
4244 incpush(PerlEnv_getenv("PERLLIB"), FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4246 /* Treat PERL5?LIB as a possible search list logical name -- the
4247 * "natural" VMS idiom for a Unix path string. We allow each
4248 * element to be a set of |-separated directories for compatibility.
4252 if (my_trnlnm("PERL5LIB",buf,0))
4253 do { incpush(buf,TRUE,TRUE,TRUE,FALSE); } while (my_trnlnm("PERL5LIB",buf,++idx));
4255 while (my_trnlnm("PERLLIB",buf,idx++)) incpush(buf,FALSE,FALSE,TRUE,FALSE);
4259 /* Use the ~-expanded versions of APPLLIB (undocumented),
4260 ARCHLIB PRIVLIB SITEARCH SITELIB VENDORARCH and VENDORLIB
4263 incpush(APPLLIB_EXP, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4267 incpush(ARCHLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4269 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4272 SV * privdir = NEWSV(55, 0);
4273 char * macperl = PerlEnv_getenv("MACPERL");
4278 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ privdir, "%slib:", macperl);
4279 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(privdir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 && S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode))
4280 incpush(SvPVX(privdir), TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4281 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ privdir, "%ssite_perl:", macperl);
4282 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(privdir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 && S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode))
4283 incpush(SvPVX(privdir), TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4285 SvREFCNT_dec(privdir);
4288 incpush(":", FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4291 # define PRIVLIB_EXP "/usr/local/lib/perl5:/usr/local/lib/perl"
4294 incpush(PRIVLIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4296 incpush(PRIVLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4300 /* sitearch is always relative to sitelib on Windows for
4301 * DLL-based path intuition to work correctly */
4302 # if !defined(WIN32)
4303 incpush(SITEARCH_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4309 /* this picks up sitearch as well */
4310 incpush(SITELIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4312 incpush(SITELIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4316 #ifdef SITELIB_STEM /* Search for version-specific dirs below here */
4317 incpush(SITELIB_STEM, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4320 #ifdef PERL_VENDORARCH_EXP
4321 /* vendorarch is always relative to vendorlib on Windows for
4322 * DLL-based path intuition to work correctly */
4323 # if !defined(WIN32)
4324 incpush(PERL_VENDORARCH_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4328 #ifdef PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP
4330 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE); /* this picks up vendorarch as well */
4332 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4336 #ifdef PERL_VENDORLIB_STEM /* Search for version-specific dirs below here */
4337 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_STEM, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4340 #ifdef PERL_OTHERLIBDIRS
4341 incpush(PERL_OTHERLIBDIRS, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4345 incpush(".", FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4346 #endif /* MACOS_TRADITIONAL */
4349 #if defined(DOSISH) || defined(EPOC) || defined(SYMBIAN)
4350 # define PERLLIB_SEP ';'
4353 # define PERLLIB_SEP '|'
4355 # if defined(MACOS_TRADITIONAL)
4356 # define PERLLIB_SEP ','
4358 # define PERLLIB_SEP ':'
4362 #ifndef PERLLIB_MANGLE
4363 # define PERLLIB_MANGLE(s,n) (s)
4366 /* Push a directory onto @INC if it exists.
4367 Generate a new SV if we do this, to save needing to copy the SV we push
4370 S_incpush_if_exists(pTHX_ SV *dir)
4373 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX_const(dir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 &&
4374 S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode)) {
4375 av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), dir);
4382 S_incpush(pTHX_ const char *dir, bool addsubdirs, bool addoldvers, bool usesep,
4385 SV *subdir = Nullsv;
4386 const char *p = dir;
4391 if (addsubdirs || addoldvers) {
4392 subdir = NEWSV(0,0);
4395 /* Break at all separators */
4397 SV *libdir = NEWSV(55,0);
4400 /* skip any consecutive separators */
4402 while ( *p == PERLLIB_SEP ) {
4403 /* Uncomment the next line for PATH semantics */
4404 /* av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), newSVpvn(".", 1)); */
4409 if ( usesep && (s = strchr(p, PERLLIB_SEP)) != Nullch ) {
4410 sv_setpvn(libdir, PERLLIB_MANGLE(p, (STRLEN)(s - p)),
4415 sv_setpv(libdir, PERLLIB_MANGLE(p, 0));
4416 p = Nullch; /* break out */
4418 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4419 if (!strchr(SvPVX(libdir), ':')) {
4422 sv_setpv(libdir, MacPerl_CanonDir(SvPVX(libdir), buf, 0));
4424 if (SvPVX(libdir)[SvCUR(libdir)-1] != ':')
4425 sv_catpv(libdir, ":");
4428 /* Do the if() outside the #ifdef to avoid warnings about an unused
4431 #ifdef PERL_RELOCATABLE_INC
4433 * Relocatable include entries are marked with a leading .../
4436 * 0: Remove that leading ".../"
4437 * 1: Remove trailing executable name (anything after the last '/')
4438 * from the perl path to give a perl prefix
4440 * While the @INC element starts "../" and the prefix ends with a real
4441 * directory (ie not . or ..) chop that real directory off the prefix
4442 * and the leading "../" from the @INC element. ie a logical "../"
4444 * Finally concatenate the prefix and the remainder of the @INC element
4445 * The intent is that /usr/local/bin/perl and .../../lib/perl5
4446 * generates /usr/local/lib/perl5
4448 char *libpath = SvPVX(libdir);
4449 STRLEN libpath_len = SvCUR(libdir);
4450 if (libpath_len >= 4 && memEQ (libpath, ".../", 4)) {
4452 SV *caret_X = get_sv("\030", 0);
4453 /* Going to use the SV just as a scratch buffer holding a C
4459 /* $^X is *the* source of taint if tainting is on, hence
4460 SvPOK() won't be true. */
4462 assert(SvPOKp(caret_X));
4463 prefix_sv = newSVpvn(SvPVX(caret_X), SvCUR(caret_X));
4464 /* Firstly take off the leading .../
4465 If all else fail we'll do the paths relative to the current
4467 sv_chop(libdir, libpath + 4);
4468 /* Don't use SvPV as we're intentionally bypassing taining,
4469 mortal copies that the mg_get of tainting creates, and
4470 corruption that seems to come via the save stack.
4471 I guess that the save stack isn't correctly set up yet. */
4472 libpath = SvPVX(libdir);
4473 libpath_len = SvCUR(libdir);
4475 /* This would work more efficiently with memrchr, but as it's
4476 only a GNU extension we'd need to probe for it and
4477 implement our own. Not hard, but maybe not worth it? */
4479 prefix = SvPVX(prefix_sv);
4480 lastslash = strrchr(prefix, '/');
4482 /* First time in with the *lastslash = '\0' we just wipe off
4483 the trailing /perl from (say) /usr/foo/bin/perl
4487 while ((*lastslash = '\0'), /* Do that, come what may. */
4488 (libpath_len >= 3 && memEQ(libpath, "../", 3)
4489 && (lastslash = strrchr(prefix, '/')))) {
4490 if (lastslash[1] == '\0'
4491 || (lastslash[1] == '.'
4492 && (lastslash[2] == '/' /* ends "/." */
4493 || (lastslash[2] == '/'
4494 && lastslash[3] == '/' /* or "/.." */
4496 /* Prefix ends "/" or "/." or "/..", any of which
4497 are fishy, so don't do any more logical cleanup.
4501 /* Remove leading "../" from path */
4504 /* Next iteration round the loop removes the last
4505 directory name from prefix by writing a '\0' in
4506 the while clause. */
4508 /* prefix has been terminated with a '\0' to the correct
4509 length. libpath points somewhere into the libdir SV.
4510 We need to join the 2 with '/' and drop the result into
4512 tempsv = Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "%s/%s", prefix, libpath);
4513 SvREFCNT_dec(libdir);
4514 /* And this is the new libdir. */
4517 (PL_uid != PL_euid || PL_gid != PL_egid)) {
4518 /* Need to taint reloccated paths if running set ID */
4519 SvTAINTED_on(libdir);
4522 SvREFCNT_dec(prefix_sv);
4527 * BEFORE pushing libdir onto @INC we may first push version- and
4528 * archname-specific sub-directories.
4530 if (addsubdirs || addoldvers) {
4531 #ifdef PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST
4532 /* Configure terminates PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST with a NULL */
4533 const char *incverlist[] = { PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST };
4534 const char **incver;
4540 if ((unix = tounixspec_ts(SvPV(libdir,len),Nullch)) != Nullch) {
4542 while (unix[len-1] == '/') len--; /* Cosmetic */
4543 sv_usepvn(libdir,unix,len);
4546 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log,
4547 "Failed to unixify @INC element \"%s\"\n",
4551 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4552 #define PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT ""
4553 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT "%s:"
4554 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_FS_VER_FMT PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT
4556 #define PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT "/"
4557 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT "/%s"
4558 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT PERL_FS_VER_FMT
4560 /* .../version/archname if -d .../version/archname */
4561 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_ARCH_FMT,
4563 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
4564 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION, ARCHNAME);
4565 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
4567 /* .../version if -d .../version */
4568 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH, libdir,
4569 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
4570 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION);
4571 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
4573 /* .../archname if -d .../archname */
4574 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT, libdir, ARCHNAME);
4575 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
4579 #ifdef PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST
4581 for (incver = incverlist; *incver; incver++) {
4582 /* .../xxx if -d .../xxx */
4583 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT, libdir, *incver);
4584 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
4590 /* finally push this lib directory on the end of @INC */
4591 av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), libdir);
4594 assert (SvREFCNT(subdir) == 1);
4595 SvREFCNT_dec(subdir);
4599 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
4600 STATIC struct perl_thread *
4601 S_init_main_thread(pTHX)
4603 #if !defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
4604 struct perl_thread *thr;
4608 Newz(53, thr, 1, struct perl_thread);
4609 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
4610 thr->interp = PERL_GET_INTERP;
4611 thr->cvcache = newHV();
4612 thr->threadsv = newAV();
4613 /* thr->threadsvp is set when find_threadsv is called */
4614 thr->specific = newAV();
4615 thr->flags = THRf_R_JOINABLE;
4616 MUTEX_INIT(&thr->mutex);
4617 /* Handcraft thrsv similarly to mess_sv */
4618 New(53, PL_thrsv, 1, SV);
4619 Newz(53, xpv, 1, XPV);
4620 SvFLAGS(PL_thrsv) = SVt_PV;
4621 SvANY(PL_thrsv) = (void*)xpv;
4622 SvREFCNT(PL_thrsv) = 1 << 30; /* practically infinite */
4623 SvPV_set(PL_thrsvr, (char*)thr);
4624 SvCUR_set(PL_thrsv, sizeof(thr));
4625 SvLEN_set(PL_thrsv, sizeof(thr));
4626 *SvEND(PL_thrsv) = '\0'; /* in the trailing_nul field */
4627 thr->oursv = PL_thrsv;
4628 PL_chopset = " \n-";
4631 MUTEX_LOCK(&PL_threads_mutex);
4637 MUTEX_UNLOCK(&PL_threads_mutex);
4639 #ifdef HAVE_THREAD_INTERN
4640 Perl_init_thread_intern(thr);
4643 #ifdef SET_THREAD_SELF
4644 SET_THREAD_SELF(thr);
4646 thr->self = pthread_self();
4647 #endif /* SET_THREAD_SELF */
4651 * These must come after the thread self setting
4652 * because sv_setpvn does SvTAINT and the taint
4653 * fields thread selfness being set.
4655 PL_toptarget = NEWSV(0,0);
4656 sv_upgrade(PL_toptarget, SVt_PVFM);
4657 sv_setpvn(PL_toptarget, "", 0);
4658 PL_bodytarget = NEWSV(0,0);
4659 sv_upgrade(PL_bodytarget, SVt_PVFM);
4660 sv_setpvn(PL_bodytarget, "", 0);
4661 PL_formtarget = PL_bodytarget;
4662 thr->errsv = newSVpvn("", 0);
4663 (void) find_threadsv("@"); /* Ensure $@ is initialised early */
4666 PL_peepp = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_peep);
4667 PL_regcompp = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_pregcomp);
4668 PL_regexecp = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_regexec_flags);
4669 PL_regint_start = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_re_intuit_start);
4670 PL_regint_string = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_re_intuit_string);
4671 PL_regfree = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_pregfree);
4673 PL_reginterp_cnt = 0;
4677 #endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
4680 Perl_call_list(pTHX_ I32 oldscope, AV *paramList)
4684 const line_t oldline = CopLINE(PL_curcop);
4690 while (av_len(paramList) >= 0) {
4691 cv = (CV*)av_shift(paramList);
4693 if (paramList == PL_beginav) {
4694 /* save PL_beginav for compiler */
4695 if (! PL_beginav_save)
4696 PL_beginav_save = newAV();
4697 av_push(PL_beginav_save, (SV*)cv);
4699 else if (paramList == PL_checkav) {
4700 /* save PL_checkav for compiler */
4701 if (! PL_checkav_save)
4702 PL_checkav_save = newAV();
4703 av_push(PL_checkav_save, (SV*)cv);
4713 (void)SvPV_const(atsv, len);
4715 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
4716 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
4717 if (paramList == PL_beginav)
4718 sv_catpv(atsv, "BEGIN failed--compilation aborted");
4720 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ atsv,
4721 "%s failed--call queue aborted",
4722 paramList == PL_checkav ? "CHECK"
4723 : paramList == PL_initav ? "INIT"
4725 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
4728 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%"SVf"", atsv);
4735 /* my_exit() was called */
4736 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
4739 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
4740 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
4741 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
4743 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED)) {
4744 if (paramList == PL_beginav)
4745 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "BEGIN failed--compilation aborted");
4747 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s failed--call queue aborted",
4748 paramList == PL_checkav ? "CHECK"
4749 : paramList == PL_initav ? "INIT"
4756 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
4757 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
4760 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: restartop\n");
4769 S_call_list_body(pTHX_ CV *cv)
4771 PUSHMARK(PL_stack_sp);
4772 call_sv((SV*)cv, G_EVAL|G_DISCARD);
4777 Perl_my_exit(pTHX_ U32 status)
4779 DEBUG_S(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "my_exit: thread %p, status %lu\n",
4780 thr, (unsigned long) status));
4789 STATUS_NATIVE_SET(status);
4796 Perl_my_failure_exit(pTHX)
4799 if (vaxc$errno & 1) {
4800 if (STATUS_NATIVE & 1) /* fortuitiously includes "-1" */
4801 STATUS_NATIVE_SET(44);
4804 if (!vaxc$errno) /* unlikely */
4805 STATUS_NATIVE_SET(44);
4807 STATUS_NATIVE_SET(vaxc$errno);
4812 STATUS_UNIX_SET(errno);
4814 exitstatus = STATUS_UNIX >> 8;
4815 if (exitstatus & 255)
4816 STATUS_UNIX_SET(exitstatus);
4818 STATUS_UNIX_SET(255);
4825 S_my_exit_jump(pTHX)
4828 register PERL_CONTEXT *cx;
4833 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
4834 PL_e_script = Nullsv;
4837 POPSTACK_TO(PL_mainstack);
4838 if (cxstack_ix >= 0) {
4841 POPBLOCK(cx,PL_curpm);
4849 read_e_script(pTHX_ int idx, SV *buf_sv, int maxlen)
4855 p = SvPVX_const(PL_e_script);
4856 nl = strchr(p, '\n');
4857 nl = (nl) ? nl+1 : SvEND(PL_e_script);
4859 filter_del(read_e_script);
4862 sv_catpvn(buf_sv, p, nl-p);
4863 sv_chop(PL_e_script, nl);
4869 * c-indentation-style: bsd
4871 * indent-tabs-mode: t
4874 * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 noet: