3 * Copyright (C) 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
4 * 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * "A ship then new they built for him/of mithril and of elven glass" --Bilbo
15 /* This file contains the top-level functions that are used to create, use
16 * and destroy a perl interpreter, plus the functions used by XS code to
17 * call back into perl. Note that it does not contain the actual main()
18 * function of the interpreter; that can be found in perlmain.c
23 * Be proud that perl(1) may proclaim:
24 * Setuid Perl scripts are safer than C programs ...
25 * Do not abandon (deprecate) suidperl. Do not advocate C wrappers.
27 * The flow was: perl starts, notices script is suid, execs suidperl with same
28 * arguments; suidperl opens script, checks many things, sets itself with
29 * right UID, execs perl with similar arguments but with script pre-opened on
30 * /dev/fd/xxx; perl checks script is as should be and does work. This was
31 * insecure: see perlsec(1) for many problems with this approach.
33 * The "correct" flow should be: perl starts, opens script and notices it is
34 * suid, checks many things, execs suidperl with similar arguments but with
35 * script on /dev/fd/xxx; suidperl checks script and /dev/fd/xxx object are
36 * same, checks arguments match #! line, sets itself with right UID, execs
37 * perl with same arguments; perl checks many things and does work.
39 * (Opening the script in perl instead of suidperl, we "lose" scripts that
40 * are readable to the target UID but not to the invoker. Where did
41 * unreadable scripts work anyway?)
43 * For now, suidperl and perl are pretty much the same large and cumbersome
44 * program, so suidperl can check its argument list (see comments elsewhere).
47 * Original bug report:
48 * http://bugs.perl.org/index.html?req=bug_id&bug_id=20010322.218
49 * http://rt.perl.org/rt2/Ticket/Display.html?id=6511
50 * Comments and discussion with Debian:
51 * http://bugs.debian.org/203426
52 * http://bugs.debian.org/220486
53 * Debian Security Advisory DSA 431-1 (does not fully fix problem):
54 * http://www.debian.org/security/2004/dsa-431
56 * http://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CAN-2003-0618
57 * Previous versions of this patch sent to perl5-porters:
58 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg71953.html
59 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75245.html
60 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75563.html
61 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75635.html
63 Paul Szabo - psz@maths.usyd.edu.au http://www.maths.usyd.edu.au:8000/u/psz/
64 School of Mathematics and Statistics University of Sydney 2006 Australia
68 * Use truthful, neat, specific error messages.
69 * Cannot always hide the truth; security must not depend on doing so.
73 * Use global(?), thread-local fdscript for easier checks.
74 * (I do not understand how we could possibly get a thread race:
75 * do not all threads go through the same initialization? Or in
76 * fact, are not threads started only after we get the script and
77 * so know what to do? Oh well, make things super-safe...)
81 #define PERL_IN_PERL_C
83 #include "patchlevel.h" /* for local_patches */
87 char *nw_get_sitelib(const char *pl);
90 /* XXX If this causes problems, set i_unistd=undef in the hint file. */
95 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
97 # include <sys/wait.h>
100 # include <sys/uio.h>
105 char control[CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(int))];
122 #if !defined(STANDARD_C) && !defined(HAS_GETENV_PROTOTYPE) && !defined(PERL_MICRO)
123 char *getenv (char *); /* Usually in <stdlib.h> */
126 static I32 read_e_script(pTHX_ int idx, SV *buf_sv, int maxlen);
134 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
141 S_init_tls_and_interp(PerlInterpreter *my_perl)
145 PERL_SET_INTERP(my_perl);
146 #if defined(USE_ITHREADS)
149 PERL_SET_THX(my_perl);
151 MUTEX_INIT(&PL_dollarzero_mutex);
153 #ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
154 MUTEX_INIT(&PL_my_ctx_mutex);
158 PERL_SET_THX(my_perl);
162 #ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
164 perl_alloc_using(struct IPerlMem* ipM, struct IPerlMem* ipMS,
165 struct IPerlMem* ipMP, struct IPerlEnv* ipE,
166 struct IPerlStdIO* ipStd, struct IPerlLIO* ipLIO,
167 struct IPerlDir* ipD, struct IPerlSock* ipS,
168 struct IPerlProc* ipP)
170 PerlInterpreter *my_perl;
171 /* Newx() needs interpreter, so call malloc() instead */
172 my_perl = (PerlInterpreter*)(*ipM->pMalloc)(ipM, sizeof(PerlInterpreter));
173 S_init_tls_and_interp(my_perl);
174 Zero(my_perl, 1, PerlInterpreter);
190 =head1 Embedding Functions
192 =for apidoc perl_alloc
194 Allocates a new Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
202 PerlInterpreter *my_perl;
204 /* Newx() needs interpreter, so call malloc() instead */
205 my_perl = (PerlInterpreter*)PerlMem_malloc(sizeof(PerlInterpreter));
207 S_init_tls_and_interp(my_perl);
208 return (PerlInterpreter *) ZeroD(my_perl, 1, PerlInterpreter);
210 #endif /* PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS */
213 =for apidoc perl_construct
215 Initializes a new Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
221 perl_construct(pTHXx)
224 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(my_perl);
227 PL_perl_destruct_level = 1;
229 if (PL_perl_destruct_level > 0)
232 /* Init the real globals (and main thread)? */
234 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling; /* needed by ckWARN, right away */
236 PL_linestr = newSV(79);
237 sv_upgrade(PL_linestr,SVt_PVIV);
239 if (!SvREADONLY(&PL_sv_undef)) {
240 /* set read-only and try to insure than we wont see REFCNT==0
243 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_undef);
244 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_undef) = (~(U32)0)/2;
246 sv_setpv(&PL_sv_no,PL_No);
247 /* value lookup in void context - happens to have the side effect
248 of caching the numeric forms. */
251 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_no);
252 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_no) = (~(U32)0)/2;
254 sv_setpv(&PL_sv_yes,PL_Yes);
257 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_yes);
258 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_yes) = (~(U32)0)/2;
260 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_placeholder);
261 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_placeholder) = (~(U32)0)/2;
264 PL_sighandlerp = (Sighandler_t) Perl_sighandler;
265 #ifdef PERL_USES_PL_PIDSTATUS
266 PL_pidstatus = newHV();
270 PL_rs = newSVpvs("\n");
275 PL_lex_state = LEX_NOTPARSING;
281 SET_NUMERIC_STANDARD();
283 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
284 PL_localpatches = local_patches; /* For possible -v */
287 #ifdef HAVE_INTERP_INTERN
291 PerlIO_init(aTHX); /* Hook to IO system */
293 PL_fdpid = newAV(); /* for remembering popen pids by fd */
294 PL_modglobal = newHV(); /* pointers to per-interpreter module globals */
295 PL_errors = newSVpvs("");
296 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(0), "", 0); /* For regex debugging. */
297 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(1), "", 0); /* ext/re needs these */
298 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(2), "", 0); /* even without DEBUGGING. */
300 PL_regex_padav = newAV();
301 av_push(PL_regex_padav,(SV*)newAV()); /* First entry is an array of empty elements */
302 PL_regex_pad = AvARRAY(PL_regex_padav);
304 #ifdef USE_REENTRANT_API
305 Perl_reentrant_init(aTHX);
308 /* Note that strtab is a rather special HV. Assumptions are made
309 about not iterating on it, and not adding tie magic to it.
310 It is properly deallocated in perl_destruct() */
313 HvSHAREKEYS_off(PL_strtab); /* mandatory */
314 hv_ksplit(PL_strtab, 512);
316 #if defined(__DYNAMIC__) && (defined(NeXT) || defined(__NeXT__))
317 _dyld_lookup_and_bind
318 ("__environ", (unsigned long *) &environ_pointer, NULL);
322 # ifdef USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY
323 PL_origenviron = environ;
327 /* Use sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK) if available, if not
328 * available or if the sysconf() fails, use the HZ.
329 * BeOS has those, but returns the wrong value.
330 * The HZ if not originally defined has been by now
331 * been defined as CLK_TCK, if available. */
332 #if defined(HAS_SYSCONF) && defined(_SC_CLK_TCK) && !defined(__BEOS__)
333 PL_clocktick = sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK);
334 if (PL_clocktick <= 0)
338 PL_stashcache = newHV();
340 PL_patchlevel = Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "%d.%d.%d", (int)PERL_REVISION,
341 (int)PERL_VERSION, (int)PERL_SUBVERSION);
344 if (!PL_mmap_page_size) {
345 #if defined(HAS_SYSCONF) && (defined(_SC_PAGESIZE) || defined(_SC_MMAP_PAGE_SIZE))
347 SETERRNO(0, SS_NORMAL);
349 PL_mmap_page_size = sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE);
351 PL_mmap_page_size = sysconf(_SC_MMAP_PAGE_SIZE);
353 if ((long) PL_mmap_page_size < 0) {
355 SV * const error = ERRSV;
356 (void) SvUPGRADE(error, SVt_PV);
357 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: sysconf: %s", SvPV_nolen_const(error));
360 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: sysconf: pagesize unknown");
364 # ifdef HAS_GETPAGESIZE
365 PL_mmap_page_size = getpagesize();
367 # if defined(I_SYS_PARAM) && defined(PAGESIZE)
368 PL_mmap_page_size = PAGESIZE; /* compiletime, bad */
372 if (PL_mmap_page_size <= 0)
373 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: bad pagesize %" IVdf,
374 (IV) PL_mmap_page_size);
376 #endif /* HAS_MMAP */
378 #if defined(HAS_TIMES) && defined(PERL_NEED_TIMESBASE)
379 PL_timesbase.tms_utime = 0;
380 PL_timesbase.tms_stime = 0;
381 PL_timesbase.tms_cutime = 0;
382 PL_timesbase.tms_cstime = 0;
389 =for apidoc nothreadhook
391 Stub that provides thread hook for perl_destruct when there are
398 Perl_nothreadhook(pTHX)
403 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
405 Perl_dump_sv_child(pTHX_ SV *sv)
408 const int sock = PL_dumper_fd;
409 const int debug_fd = PerlIO_fileno(Perl_debug_log);
410 union control_un control;
413 struct cmsghdr *cmptr;
415 unsigned char buffer[256];
417 if(sock == -1 || debug_fd == -1)
420 PerlIO_flush(Perl_debug_log);
422 /* All these shenanigans are to pass a file descriptor over to our child for
423 it to dump out to. We can't let it hold open the file descriptor when it
424 forks, as the file descriptor it will dump to can turn out to be one end
425 of pipe that some other process will wait on for EOF. (So as it would
426 be open, the wait would be forever. */
428 msg.msg_control = control.control;
429 msg.msg_controllen = sizeof(control.control);
430 /* We're a connected socket so we don't need a destination */
436 cmptr = CMSG_FIRSTHDR(&msg);
437 cmptr->cmsg_len = CMSG_LEN(sizeof(int));
438 cmptr->cmsg_level = SOL_SOCKET;
439 cmptr->cmsg_type = SCM_RIGHTS;
440 *((int *)CMSG_DATA(cmptr)) = 1;
442 vec[0].iov_base = (void*)&sv;
443 vec[0].iov_len = sizeof(sv);
444 got = sendmsg(sock, &msg, 0);
447 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent sendmsg failed");
450 if(got < sizeof(sv)) {
451 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent short sendmsg");
455 /* Return protocol is
457 unsigned char: length of location string (0 for empty)
458 unsigned char*: string (not terminated)
460 vec[0].iov_base = (void*)&returned_errno;
461 vec[0].iov_len = sizeof(returned_errno);
462 vec[1].iov_base = buffer;
465 got = readv(sock, vec, 2);
468 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent read failed");
469 PerlIO_flush(PerlIO_stderr());
472 if(got < sizeof(returned_errno) + 1) {
473 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent short read");
474 PerlIO_flush(PerlIO_stderr());
479 got = read(sock, buffer + 1, *buffer);
481 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent read 2 failed");
482 PerlIO_flush(PerlIO_stderr());
487 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent short read 2");
488 PerlIO_flush(PerlIO_stderr());
493 if (returned_errno || *buffer) {
494 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "Debug leaking scalars child failed%s%.*s with errno"
495 " %d: %s", (*buffer ? " at " : ""), (int) *buffer, buffer + 1,
496 returned_errno, strerror(returned_errno));
502 =for apidoc perl_destruct
504 Shuts down a Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
513 volatile int destruct_level; /* 0=none, 1=full, 2=full with checks */
515 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
519 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(my_perl);
521 /* wait for all pseudo-forked children to finish */
522 PERL_WAIT_FOR_CHILDREN;
524 destruct_level = PL_perl_destruct_level;
527 const char * const s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL");
529 const int i = atoi(s);
530 if (destruct_level < i)
536 if (PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_DESTRUCT_END) {
542 if (PL_endav && !PL_minus_c)
543 call_list(PL_scopestack_ix, PL_endav);
549 /* Need to flush since END blocks can produce output */
552 if (CALL_FPTR(PL_threadhook)(aTHX)) {
553 /* Threads hook has vetoed further cleanup */
557 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
558 if (destruct_level != 0) {
559 /* Fork here to create a child. Our child's job is to preserve the
560 state of scalars prior to destruction, so that we can instruct it
561 to dump any scalars that we later find have leaked.
562 There's no subtlety in this code - it assumes POSIX, and it doesn't
566 if(socketpair(AF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, 0, fd)) {
567 perror("Debug leaking scalars socketpair failed");
573 perror("Debug leaking scalars fork failed");
577 /* We are the child */
578 const int sock = fd[1];
579 const int debug_fd = PerlIO_fileno(Perl_debug_log);
582 /* Our success message is an integer 0, and a char 0 */
583 static const char success[sizeof(int) + 1];
587 /* We need to close all other file descriptors otherwise we end up
588 with interesting hangs, where the parent closes its end of a
589 pipe, and sits waiting for (another) child to terminate. Only
590 that child never terminates, because it never gets EOF, because
591 we also have the far end of the pipe open. We even need to
592 close the debugging fd, because sometimes it happens to be one
593 end of a pipe, and a process is waiting on the other end for
594 EOF. Normally it would be closed at some point earlier in
595 destruction, but if we happen to cause the pipe to remain open,
596 EOF never occurs, and we get an infinite hang. Hence all the
597 games to pass in a file descriptor if it's actually needed. */
599 f = sysconf(_SC_OPEN_MAX);
601 where = "sysconf failed";
612 union control_un control;
615 struct cmsghdr *cmptr;
619 msg.msg_control = control.control;
620 msg.msg_controllen = sizeof(control.control);
621 /* We're a connected socket so we don't need a source */
625 msg.msg_iovlen = sizeof(vec)/sizeof(vec[0]);
627 vec[0].iov_base = (void*)⌖
628 vec[0].iov_len = sizeof(target);
630 got = recvmsg(sock, &msg, 0);
635 where = "recv failed";
638 if(got < sizeof(target)) {
639 where = "short recv";
643 if(!(cmptr = CMSG_FIRSTHDR(&msg))) {
647 if(cmptr->cmsg_len != CMSG_LEN(sizeof(int))) {
648 where = "wrong cmsg_len";
651 if(cmptr->cmsg_level != SOL_SOCKET) {
652 where = "wrong cmsg_level";
655 if(cmptr->cmsg_type != SCM_RIGHTS) {
656 where = "wrong cmsg_type";
660 got_fd = *(int*)CMSG_DATA(cmptr);
661 /* For our last little bit of trickery, put the file descriptor
662 back into Perl_debug_log, as if we never actually closed it
664 if(got_fd != debug_fd) {
665 if (dup2(got_fd, debug_fd) == -1) {
672 PerlIO_flush(Perl_debug_log);
674 got = write(sock, &success, sizeof(success));
677 where = "write failed";
680 if(got < sizeof(success)) {
681 where = "short write";
688 int send_errno = errno;
689 unsigned char length = (unsigned char) strlen(where);
690 struct iovec failure[3] = {
691 {(void*)&send_errno, sizeof(send_errno)},
693 {(void*)where, length}
695 int got = writev(sock, failure, 3);
696 /* Bad news travels fast. Faster than data. We'll get a SIGPIPE
697 in the parent if we try to read from the socketpair after the
698 child has exited, even if there was data to read.
699 So sleep a bit to give the parent a fighting chance of
702 _exit((got == -1) ? errno : 0);
706 PL_dumper_fd = fd[0];
711 /* We must account for everything. */
713 /* Destroy the main CV and syntax tree */
714 /* Do this now, because destroying ops can cause new SVs to be generated
715 in Perl_pad_swipe, and when running with -DDEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS they
716 PL_curcop to point to a valid op from which the filename structure
718 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
720 /* ensure comppad/curpad to refer to main's pad */
721 if (CvPADLIST(PL_main_cv)) {
722 PAD_SET_CUR_NOSAVE(CvPADLIST(PL_main_cv), 1);
724 op_free(PL_main_root);
725 PL_main_root = Nullop;
727 PL_main_start = Nullop;
728 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_main_cv);
732 /* Tell PerlIO we are about to tear things apart in case
733 we have layers which are using resources that should
737 PerlIO_destruct(aTHX);
739 if (PL_sv_objcount) {
741 * Try to destruct global references. We do this first so that the
742 * destructors and destructees still exist. Some sv's might remain.
743 * Non-referenced objects are on their own.
747 if (PL_defoutgv && !SvREFCNT(PL_defoutgv))
748 PL_defoutgv = NULL; /* may have been freed */
751 /* unhook hooks which will soon be, or use, destroyed data */
752 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_warnhook);
754 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_diehook);
757 /* call exit list functions */
758 while (PL_exitlistlen-- > 0)
759 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].fn(aTHX_ PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].ptr);
761 Safefree(PL_exitlist);
766 if (destruct_level == 0){
768 DEBUG_P(debprofdump());
770 #if defined(PERLIO_LAYERS)
771 /* No more IO - including error messages ! */
772 PerlIO_cleanup(aTHX);
775 /* The exit() function will do everything that needs doing. */
779 /* jettison our possibly duplicated environment */
780 /* if PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV is defined environ will not have been copied
781 * so we certainly shouldn't free it here
784 #if defined(USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY) && !defined(PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV)
785 if (environ != PL_origenviron && !PL_use_safe_putenv
787 /* only main thread can free environ[0] contents */
788 && PL_curinterp == aTHX
794 for (i = 0; environ[i]; i++)
795 safesysfree(environ[i]);
797 /* Must use safesysfree() when working with environ. */
798 safesysfree(environ);
800 environ = PL_origenviron;
803 #endif /* !PERL_MICRO */
805 /* reset so print() ends up where we expect */
809 /* the syntax tree is shared between clones
810 * so op_free(PL_main_root) only ReREFCNT_dec's
811 * REGEXPs in the parent interpreter
812 * we need to manually ReREFCNT_dec for the clones
815 I32 i = AvFILLp(PL_regex_padav) + 1;
816 SV * const * const ary = AvARRAY(PL_regex_padav);
819 SV * const resv = ary[--i];
821 if (SvFLAGS(resv) & SVf_BREAK) {
822 /* this is PL_reg_curpm, already freed
823 * flag is set in regexec.c:S_regtry
825 SvFLAGS(resv) &= ~SVf_BREAK;
827 else if(SvREPADTMP(resv)) {
828 SvREPADTMP_off(resv);
830 else if(SvIOKp(resv)) {
831 REGEXP *re = INT2PTR(REGEXP *,SvIVX(resv));
836 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_regex_padav);
837 PL_regex_padav = NULL;
841 SvREFCNT_dec((SV*) PL_stashcache);
842 PL_stashcache = NULL;
844 /* loosen bonds of global variables */
847 (void)PerlIO_close(PL_rsfp);
851 /* Filters for program text */
852 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rsfp_filters);
853 PL_rsfp_filters = NULL;
856 PL_preprocess = FALSE;
862 PL_doswitches = FALSE;
863 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_OFF;
864 PL_doextract = FALSE;
865 PL_sawampersand = FALSE; /* must save all match strings */
868 Safefree(PL_inplace);
870 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_patchlevel);
873 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
879 /* magical thingies */
881 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ofs_sv); /* $, */
884 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ors_sv); /* $\ */
887 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rs); /* $/ */
890 PL_multiline = 0; /* $* */
891 Safefree(PL_osname); /* $^O */
894 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_statname);
898 /* defgv, aka *_ should be taken care of elsewhere */
900 /* clean up after study() */
901 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_lastscream);
902 PL_lastscream = NULL;
903 Safefree(PL_screamfirst);
905 Safefree(PL_screamnext);
909 Safefree(PL_efloatbuf);
913 /* startup and shutdown function lists */
914 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_beginav);
915 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_beginav_save);
916 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_endav);
917 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_checkav);
918 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_checkav_save);
919 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_initav);
921 PL_beginav_save = NULL;
924 PL_checkav_save = NULL;
927 /* shortcuts just get cleared */
936 PL_last_in_gv = NULL;
944 PL_DBassertion = NULL;
949 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_argvout_stack);
950 PL_argvout_stack = NULL;
952 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_modglobal);
954 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_preambleav);
955 PL_preambleav = NULL;
956 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_subname);
958 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_linestr);
960 #ifdef PERL_USES_PL_PIDSTATUS
961 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_pidstatus);
964 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_toptarget);
966 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_bodytarget);
967 PL_bodytarget = NULL;
968 PL_formtarget = NULL;
970 /* free locale stuff */
971 #ifdef USE_LOCALE_COLLATE
972 Safefree(PL_collation_name);
973 PL_collation_name = NULL;
976 #ifdef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC
977 Safefree(PL_numeric_name);
978 PL_numeric_name = NULL;
979 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_numeric_radix_sv);
980 PL_numeric_radix_sv = NULL;
983 /* clear utf8 character classes */
984 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alnum);
985 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alnumc);
986 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_ascii);
987 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alpha);
988 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_space);
989 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_cntrl);
990 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_graph);
991 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_digit);
992 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_upper);
993 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_lower);
994 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_print);
995 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_punct);
996 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_xdigit);
997 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_mark);
998 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_toupper);
999 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_totitle);
1000 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_tolower);
1001 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_tofold);
1002 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_idstart);
1003 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_idcont);
1004 PL_utf8_alnum = NULL;
1005 PL_utf8_alnumc = NULL;
1006 PL_utf8_ascii = NULL;
1007 PL_utf8_alpha = NULL;
1008 PL_utf8_space = NULL;
1009 PL_utf8_cntrl = NULL;
1010 PL_utf8_graph = NULL;
1011 PL_utf8_digit = NULL;
1012 PL_utf8_upper = NULL;
1013 PL_utf8_lower = NULL;
1014 PL_utf8_print = NULL;
1015 PL_utf8_punct = NULL;
1016 PL_utf8_xdigit = NULL;
1017 PL_utf8_mark = NULL;
1018 PL_utf8_toupper = NULL;
1019 PL_utf8_totitle = NULL;
1020 PL_utf8_tolower = NULL;
1021 PL_utf8_tofold = NULL;
1022 PL_utf8_idstart = NULL;
1023 PL_utf8_idcont = NULL;
1025 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
1026 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
1027 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = NULL;
1028 if (!specialCopIO(PL_compiling.cop_io))
1029 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_io);
1030 PL_compiling.cop_io = NULL;
1031 CopFILE_free(&PL_compiling);
1032 CopSTASH_free(&PL_compiling);
1034 /* Prepare to destruct main symbol table. */
1039 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_curstname);
1040 PL_curstname = NULL;
1042 /* clear queued errors */
1043 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_errors);
1047 if (destruct_level >= 2 && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL)) {
1048 if (PL_scopestack_ix != 0)
1049 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
1050 "Unbalanced scopes: %ld more ENTERs than LEAVEs\n",
1051 (long)PL_scopestack_ix);
1052 if (PL_savestack_ix != 0)
1053 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
1054 "Unbalanced saves: %ld more saves than restores\n",
1055 (long)PL_savestack_ix);
1056 if (PL_tmps_floor != -1)
1057 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Unbalanced tmps: %ld more allocs than frees\n",
1058 (long)PL_tmps_floor + 1);
1059 if (cxstack_ix != -1)
1060 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Unbalanced context: %ld more PUSHes than POPs\n",
1061 (long)cxstack_ix + 1);
1064 /* Now absolutely destruct everything, somehow or other, loops or no. */
1065 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) |= SVTYPEMASK; /* don't clean out pid table now */
1066 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) |= SVTYPEMASK; /* don't clean out strtab now */
1068 /* the 2 is for PL_fdpid and PL_strtab */
1069 while (PL_sv_count > 2 && sv_clean_all())
1072 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) &= ~SVTYPEMASK;
1073 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) |= SVt_PVAV;
1074 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) &= ~SVTYPEMASK;
1075 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) |= SVt_PVHV;
1077 AvREAL_off(PL_fdpid); /* no surviving entries */
1078 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_fdpid); /* needed in io_close() */
1081 #ifdef HAVE_INTERP_INTERN
1085 /* Destruct the global string table. */
1087 /* Yell and reset the HeVAL() slots that are still holding refcounts,
1088 * so that sv_free() won't fail on them.
1089 * Now that the global string table is using a single hunk of memory
1090 * for both HE and HEK, we either need to explicitly unshare it the
1091 * correct way, or actually free things here.
1094 const I32 max = HvMAX(PL_strtab);
1095 HE * const * const array = HvARRAY(PL_strtab);
1096 HE *hent = array[0];
1099 if (hent && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL)) {
1100 HE * const next = HeNEXT(hent);
1101 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
1102 "Unbalanced string table refcount: (%ld) for \"%s\"",
1103 (long)hent->he_valu.hent_refcount, HeKEY(hent));
1110 hent = array[riter];
1115 HvARRAY(PL_strtab) = 0;
1116 HvTOTALKEYS(PL_strtab) = 0;
1117 HvFILL(PL_strtab) = 0;
1119 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_strtab);
1122 /* free the pointer tables used for cloning */
1123 ptr_table_free(PL_ptr_table);
1124 PL_ptr_table = (PTR_TBL_t*)NULL;
1127 /* free special SVs */
1129 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_yes) = 0;
1130 sv_clear(&PL_sv_yes);
1131 SvANY(&PL_sv_yes) = NULL;
1132 SvFLAGS(&PL_sv_yes) = 0;
1134 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_no) = 0;
1135 sv_clear(&PL_sv_no);
1136 SvANY(&PL_sv_no) = NULL;
1137 SvFLAGS(&PL_sv_no) = 0;
1141 for (i=0; i<=2; i++) {
1142 SvREFCNT(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = 0;
1143 sv_clear(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i));
1144 SvANY(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = NULL;
1145 SvFLAGS(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = 0;
1149 if (PL_sv_count != 0 && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
1150 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Scalars leaked: %ld\n", (long)PL_sv_count);
1152 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS
1153 if (PL_sv_count != 0) {
1158 for (sva = PL_sv_arenaroot; sva; sva = (SV*)SvANY(sva)) {
1159 svend = &sva[SvREFCNT(sva)];
1160 for (sv = sva + 1; sv < svend; ++sv) {
1161 if (SvTYPE(sv) != SVTYPEMASK) {
1162 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "leaked: sv=0x%p"
1164 " refcnt=%"UVuf pTHX__FORMAT "\n"
1165 "\tallocated at %s:%d %s %s%s\n",
1166 sv, sv->sv_flags, sv->sv_refcnt pTHX__VALUE,
1167 sv->sv_debug_file ? sv->sv_debug_file : "(unknown)",
1169 sv->sv_debug_inpad ? "for" : "by",
1170 sv->sv_debug_optype ?
1171 PL_op_name[sv->sv_debug_optype]: "(none)",
1172 sv->sv_debug_cloned ? " (cloned)" : ""
1174 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
1175 Perl_dump_sv_child(aTHX_ sv);
1181 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
1185 /* Wait for up to 4 seconds for child to terminate.
1186 This seems to be the least effort way of timing out on reaping
1188 struct timeval waitfor = {4, 0};
1189 int sock = PL_dumper_fd;
1193 FD_SET(sock, &rset);
1194 select(sock + 1, &rset, NULL, NULL, &waitfor);
1195 waitpid(child, &status, WNOHANG);
1203 #if defined(PERLIO_LAYERS)
1204 /* No more IO - including error messages ! */
1205 PerlIO_cleanup(aTHX);
1208 /* sv_undef needs to stay immortal until after PerlIO_cleanup
1209 as currently layers use it rather than NULL as a marker
1210 for no arg - and will try and SvREFCNT_dec it.
1212 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_undef) = 0;
1213 SvREADONLY_off(&PL_sv_undef);
1215 Safefree(PL_origfilename);
1216 PL_origfilename = NULL;
1217 Safefree(PL_reg_start_tmp);
1218 PL_reg_start_tmp = (char**)NULL;
1219 PL_reg_start_tmpl = 0;
1220 Safefree(PL_reg_curpm);
1221 Safefree(PL_reg_poscache);
1222 free_tied_hv_pool();
1223 Safefree(PL_op_mask);
1224 Safefree(PL_psig_ptr);
1225 PL_psig_ptr = (SV**)NULL;
1226 Safefree(PL_psig_name);
1227 PL_psig_name = (SV**)NULL;
1228 Safefree(PL_bitcount);
1230 Safefree(PL_psig_pend);
1231 PL_psig_pend = (int*)NULL;
1234 PL_tainting = FALSE;
1235 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
1236 PL_hints = 0; /* Reset hints. Should hints be per-interpreter ? */
1239 DEBUG_P(debprofdump());
1241 #ifdef USE_REENTRANT_API
1242 Perl_reentrant_free(aTHX);
1247 /* As the absolutely last thing, free the non-arena SV for mess() */
1250 /* we know that type == SVt_PVMG */
1252 /* it could have accumulated taint magic */
1255 for (mg = SvMAGIC(PL_mess_sv); mg; mg = moremagic) {
1256 moremagic = mg->mg_moremagic;
1257 if (mg->mg_ptr && mg->mg_type != PERL_MAGIC_regex_global
1259 Safefree(mg->mg_ptr);
1263 /* we know that type >= SVt_PV */
1264 SvPV_free(PL_mess_sv);
1265 Safefree(SvANY(PL_mess_sv));
1266 Safefree(PL_mess_sv);
1273 =for apidoc perl_free
1275 Releases a Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
1283 #if defined(WIN32) || defined(NETWARE)
1284 # if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS)
1286 void *host = nw_internal_host;
1288 void *host = w32_internal_host;
1290 PerlMem_free(aTHXx);
1292 nw_delete_internal_host(host);
1294 win32_delete_internal_host(host);
1297 PerlMem_free(aTHXx);
1300 PerlMem_free(aTHXx);
1304 #if defined(USE_5005THREADS) || defined(USE_ITHREADS)
1305 /* provide destructors to clean up the thread key when libperl is unloaded */
1306 #ifndef WIN32 /* handled during DLL_PROCESS_DETACH in win32/perllib.c */
1308 #if defined(__hpux) && __ux_version > 1020 && !defined(__GNUC__)
1309 #pragma fini "perl_fini"
1313 #if defined(__GNUC__)
1314 __attribute__((destructor))
1324 #endif /* THREADS */
1327 Perl_call_atexit(pTHX_ ATEXIT_t fn, void *ptr)
1330 Renew(PL_exitlist, PL_exitlistlen+1, PerlExitListEntry);
1331 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].fn = fn;
1332 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].ptr = ptr;
1336 #ifdef HAS_PROCSELFEXE
1337 /* This is a function so that we don't hold on to MAXPATHLEN
1338 bytes of stack longer than necessary
1341 S_procself_val(pTHX_ SV *sv, const char *arg0)
1343 char buf[MAXPATHLEN];
1344 int len = readlink(PROCSELFEXE_PATH, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);
1346 /* On Playstation2 Linux V1.0 (kernel 2.2.1) readlink(/proc/self/exe)
1347 includes a spurious NUL which will cause $^X to fail in system
1348 or backticks (this will prevent extensions from being built and
1349 many tests from working). readlink is not meant to add a NUL.
1350 Normal readlink works fine.
1352 if (len > 0 && buf[len-1] == '\0') {
1356 /* FreeBSD's implementation is acknowledged to be imperfect, sometimes
1357 returning the text "unknown" from the readlink rather than the path
1358 to the executable (or returning an error from the readlink). Any valid
1359 path has a '/' in it somewhere, so use that to validate the result.
1360 See http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/query-pr.cgi?pr=35703
1362 if (len > 0 && memchr(buf, '/', len)) {
1363 sv_setpvn(sv,buf,len);
1369 #endif /* HAS_PROCSELFEXE */
1372 S_set_caret_X(pTHX) {
1374 GV* tmpgv = gv_fetchpvs("\030", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV); /* $^X */
1376 #ifdef HAS_PROCSELFEXE
1377 S_procself_val(aTHX_ GvSV(tmpgv), PL_origargv[0]);
1380 sv_setpv(GvSVn(tmpgv), os2_execname(aTHX));
1382 sv_setpv(GvSVn(tmpgv),PL_origargv[0]);
1389 =for apidoc perl_parse
1391 Tells a Perl interpreter to parse a Perl script. See L<perlembed>.
1397 perl_parse(pTHXx_ XSINIT_t xsinit, int argc, char **argv, char **env)
1404 PERL_UNUSED_VAR(my_perl);
1406 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
1409 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "suidperl is no longer needed since the kernel can now execute\n\
1410 setuid perl scripts securely.\n");
1411 #endif /* IAMSUID */
1414 #if defined(USE_HASH_SEED) || defined(USE_HASH_SEED_EXPLICIT)
1415 /* [perl #22371] Algorimic Complexity Attack on Perl 5.6.1, 5.8.0
1416 * This MUST be done before any hash stores or fetches take place.
1417 * If you set PL_rehash_seed (and assumedly also PL_rehash_seed_set)
1418 * yourself, it is your responsibility to provide a good random seed!
1419 * You can also define PERL_HASH_SEED in compile time, see hv.h. */
1420 if (!PL_rehash_seed_set)
1421 PL_rehash_seed = get_hash_seed();
1423 const char * const s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_HASH_SEED_DEBUG");
1425 if (s && (atoi(s) == 1))
1426 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "HASH_SEED = %"UVuf"\n", PL_rehash_seed);
1428 #endif /* #if defined(USE_HASH_SEED) || defined(USE_HASH_SEED_EXPLICIT) */
1433 if (PL_origalen != 0) {
1434 PL_origalen = 1; /* don't use old PL_origalen if perl_parse() is called again */
1437 /* Set PL_origalen be the sum of the contiguous argv[]
1438 * elements plus the size of the env in case that it is
1439 * contiguous with the argv[]. This is used in mg.c:Perl_magic_set()
1440 * as the maximum modifiable length of $0. In the worst case
1441 * the area we are able to modify is limited to the size of
1442 * the original argv[0]. (See below for 'contiguous', though.)
1444 const char *s = NULL;
1447 ~(UV)(PTRSIZE == 4 ? 3 : PTRSIZE == 8 ? 7 : PTRSIZE == 16 ? 15 : 0);
1448 /* Do the mask check only if the args seem like aligned. */
1450 (mask < ~(UV)0) && ((PTR2UV(argv[0]) & mask) == PTR2UV(argv[0]));
1452 /* See if all the arguments are contiguous in memory. Note
1453 * that 'contiguous' is a loose term because some platforms
1454 * align the argv[] and the envp[]. If the arguments look
1455 * like non-aligned, assume that they are 'strictly' or
1456 * 'traditionally' contiguous. If the arguments look like
1457 * aligned, we just check that they are within aligned
1458 * PTRSIZE bytes. As long as no system has something bizarre
1459 * like the argv[] interleaved with some other data, we are
1460 * fine. (Did I just evoke Murphy's Law?) --jhi */
1461 if (PL_origargv && PL_origargc >= 1 && (s = PL_origargv[0])) {
1463 for (i = 1; i < PL_origargc; i++) {
1464 if ((PL_origargv[i] == s + 1
1466 || PL_origargv[i] == s + 2
1471 (PL_origargv[i] > s &&
1473 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1483 /* Can we grab env area too to be used as the area for $0? */
1484 if (s && PL_origenviron) {
1485 if ((PL_origenviron[0] == s + 1
1487 || (PL_origenviron[0] == s + 9 && (s += 8))
1492 (PL_origenviron[0] > s &&
1493 PL_origenviron[0] <=
1494 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1498 s = PL_origenviron[0];
1501 my_setenv("NoNe SuCh", NULL);
1502 /* Force copy of environment. */
1503 for (i = 1; PL_origenviron[i]; i++) {
1504 if (PL_origenviron[i] == s + 1
1507 (PL_origenviron[i] > s &&
1508 PL_origenviron[i] <=
1509 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1512 s = PL_origenviron[i];
1520 PL_origalen = s ? s - PL_origargv[0] + 1 : 0;
1525 /* Come here if running an undumped a.out. */
1527 PL_origfilename = savepv(argv[0]);
1528 PL_do_undump = FALSE;
1529 cxstack_ix = -1; /* start label stack again */
1531 assert (!PL_tainted);
1533 S_set_caret_X(aTHX);
1535 init_postdump_symbols(argc,argv,env);
1540 op_free(PL_main_root);
1541 PL_main_root = Nullop;
1543 PL_main_start = Nullop;
1544 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_main_cv);
1548 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
1549 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_OFF;
1554 parse_body(env,xsinit);
1556 call_list(oldscope, PL_checkav);
1563 /* my_exit() was called */
1564 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
1567 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
1569 call_list(oldscope, PL_checkav);
1573 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: top_env\n");
1582 S_parse_body(pTHX_ char **env, XSINIT_t xsinit)
1585 int argc = PL_origargc;
1586 char **argv = PL_origargv;
1587 const char *scriptname = NULL;
1588 VOL bool dosearch = FALSE;
1589 const char *validarg = "";
1592 const char *cddir = NULL;
1593 #ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
1594 bool minus_f = FALSE;
1597 sv_setpvn(PL_linestr,"",0);
1598 sv = newSVpvs(""); /* first used for -I flags */
1602 for (argc--,argv++; argc > 0; argc--,argv++) {
1603 if (argv[0][0] != '-' || !argv[0][1])
1607 validarg = " PHOOEY ";
1611 * Can we rely on the kernel to start scripts with argv[1] set to
1612 * contain all #! line switches (the whole line)? (argv[0] is set to
1613 * the interpreter name, argv[2] to the script name; argv[3] and
1614 * above may contain other arguments.)
1621 #ifndef PERL_STRICT_CR
1646 if ((s = moreswitches(s)))
1651 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('t');
1652 if( !PL_tainting ) {
1653 PL_taint_warn = TRUE;
1659 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('T');
1661 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
1669 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1670 /* ignore -e for Dev:Pseudo argument */
1671 if (argv[1] && !strcmp(argv[1], "Dev:Pseudo"))
1674 forbid_setid('e', -1);
1676 PL_e_script = newSVpvs("");
1677 filter_add(read_e_script, NULL);
1680 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, s);
1682 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, argv[1]);
1686 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No code specified for -%c", *s);
1687 sv_catpvs(PL_e_script, "\n");
1691 #ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
1697 case 'I': /* -I handled both here and in moreswitches() */
1698 forbid_setid('I', -1);
1699 if (!*++s && (s=argv[1]) != NULL) {
1703 STRLEN len = strlen(s);
1704 const char * const p = savepvn(s, len);
1705 incpush(p, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE, FALSE);
1706 sv_catpvs(sv, "-I");
1707 sv_catpvn(sv, p, len);
1712 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No directory specified for -I");
1715 forbid_setid('P', -1);
1716 PL_preprocess = TRUE;
1720 forbid_setid('S', -1);
1729 PL_preambleav = newAV();
1730 av_push(PL_preambleav,
1731 newSVpvs("use Config;"));
1735 opts_prog = newSVpvs("print Config::myconfig(),");
1737 sv_catpvs(opts_prog,"\"\\nCharacteristics of this PERLSHR image: \\n\",");
1739 sv_catpvs(opts_prog,"\"\\nCharacteristics of this binary (from libperl): \\n\",");
1741 opts = SvCUR(opts_prog);
1743 Perl_sv_catpv(aTHX_ opts_prog,"\" Compile-time options:"
1747 # ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS
1748 " DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS"
1750 # ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
1751 " DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP"
1753 # ifdef FAKE_THREADS
1756 # ifdef MULTIPLICITY
1765 # ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
1766 " PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV"
1768 # ifdef PERL_GLOBAL_STRUCT
1769 " PERL_GLOBAL_STRUCT"
1771 # ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
1772 " PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT"
1774 # ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
1775 " PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS"
1777 # ifdef PERL_MALLOC_WRAP
1780 # ifdef PERL_NEED_APPCTX
1783 # ifdef PERL_NEED_TIMESBASE
1784 " PERL_NEED_TIMESBASE"
1786 # ifdef PERL_OLD_COPY_ON_WRITE
1787 " PERL_OLD_COPY_ON_WRITE"
1789 # ifdef PERL_TRACK_MEMPOOL
1790 " PERL_TRACK_MEMPOOL"
1792 # ifdef PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV
1793 " PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV"
1795 #ifdef PERL_USES_PL_PIDSTATUS
1796 " PERL_USES_PL_PIDSTATUS"
1798 # ifdef PL_OP_SLAB_ALLOC
1801 # ifdef THREADS_HAVE_PIDS
1802 " THREADS_HAVE_PIDS"
1804 # ifdef USE_5005THREADS
1807 # ifdef USE_64_BIT_ALL
1810 # ifdef USE_64_BIT_INT
1813 # ifdef USE_ITHREADS
1816 # ifdef USE_LARGE_FILES
1819 # ifdef USE_LONG_DOUBLE
1825 # ifdef USE_REENTRANT_API
1826 " USE_REENTRANT_API"
1831 # ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
1832 " USE_SITECUSTOMIZE"
1839 while (SvCUR(opts_prog) > opts+76) {
1840 /* find last space after "options: " and before col 76
1844 char * const pv = SvPV_nolen(opts_prog);
1845 const char c = pv[opts+76];
1847 space = strrchr(pv+opts+26, ' ');
1849 if (!space) break; /* "Can't happen" */
1851 /* break the line before that space */
1854 Perl_sv_insert(aTHX_ opts_prog, opts, 0,
1855 STR_WITH_LEN("\\n "));
1858 sv_catpvs(opts_prog,"\\n\",");
1860 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
1861 if (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT > 0) {
1863 sv_catpvs(opts_prog,
1864 "\" Locally applied patches:\\n\",");
1865 for (i = 1; i <= LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT; i++) {
1866 if (PL_localpatches[i])
1867 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ opts_prog,"q%c\t%s\n%c,",
1868 0, PL_localpatches[i], 0);
1872 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ opts_prog,
1873 "\" Built under %s\\n\"",OSNAME);
1876 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ opts_prog,
1877 ",\" Compiled at %s %s\\n\"",__DATE__,
1880 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ opts_prog,",\" Compiled on %s\\n\"",
1884 sv_catpvs(opts_prog, "; $\"=\"\\n \"; "
1885 "@env = map { \"$_=\\\"$ENV{$_}\\\"\" } "
1886 "sort grep {/^PERL/} keys %ENV; ");
1888 sv_catpvs(opts_prog,
1889 "push @env, \"CYGWIN=\\\"$ENV{CYGWIN}\\\"\";");
1891 sv_catpvs(opts_prog,
1892 "print \" \\%ENV:\\n @env\\n\" if @env;"
1893 "print \" \\@INC:\\n @INC\\n\";");
1897 opts_prog = Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_
1898 "Config::config_vars(qw%c%s%c)",
1902 av_push(PL_preambleav, opts_prog);
1903 /* don't look for script or read stdin */
1904 scriptname = BIT_BUCKET;
1908 PL_doextract = TRUE;
1916 if (!*++s || isSPACE(*s)) {
1920 /* catch use of gnu style long options */
1921 if (strEQ(s, "version")) {
1925 if (strEQ(s, "help")) {
1932 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Unrecognized switch: -%s (-h will show valid options)",s);
1938 #ifndef SECURE_INTERNAL_GETENV
1941 (s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL5OPT")))
1943 const char *popt = s;
1946 if (*s == '-' && *(s+1) == 'T') {
1947 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('T');
1949 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
1952 char *popt_copy = NULL;
1965 if (!strchr("CDIMUdmtwA", *s))
1966 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Illegal switch in PERL5OPT: -%c", *s);
1970 popt_copy = SvPVX(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(popt,0)));
1971 s = popt_copy + (s - popt);
1972 d = popt_copy + (d - popt);
1979 if( !PL_tainting ) {
1980 PL_taint_warn = TRUE;
1990 #ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
1993 PL_preambleav = newAV();
1994 av_unshift(PL_preambleav, 1);
1995 (void)av_store(PL_preambleav, 0, Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "BEGIN { do '%s/sitecustomize.pl' }", SITELIB_EXP));
1999 if (PL_taint_warn && PL_dowarn != G_WARN_ALL_OFF) {
2000 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = newSVpvn(WARN_TAINTstring, WARNsize);
2004 scriptname = argv[0];
2007 scriptname = BIT_BUCKET; /* don't look for script or read stdin */
2009 else if (scriptname == NULL) {
2011 if ( PerlLIO_isatty(PerlIO_fileno(PerlIO_stdin())) )
2017 /* Set $^X early so that it can be used for relocatable paths in @INC */
2018 assert (!PL_tainted);
2020 S_set_caret_X(aTHX);
2027 = open_script(scriptname, dosearch, sv, &suidscript);
2029 validate_suid(validarg, scriptname, fdscript, suidscript);
2032 # if defined(SIGCHLD) || defined(SIGCLD)
2035 # define SIGCHLD SIGCLD
2037 Sighandler_t sigstate = rsignal_state(SIGCHLD);
2038 if (sigstate == (Sighandler_t) SIG_IGN) {
2039 if (ckWARN(WARN_SIGNAL))
2040 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_SIGNAL),
2041 "Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default");
2042 (void)rsignal(SIGCHLD, (Sighandler_t)SIG_DFL);
2049 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2050 || gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract
2054 /* This will croak if suidscript is >= 0, as -x cannot be used with
2056 forbid_setid('x', suidscript);
2057 /* Hence you can't get here if suidscript >= 0 */
2060 if (cddir && PerlDir_chdir( (char *)cddir ) < 0)
2061 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't chdir to %s",cddir);
2065 PL_main_cv = PL_compcv = (CV*)newSV(0);
2066 sv_upgrade((SV *)PL_compcv, SVt_PVCV);
2067 CvUNIQUE_on(PL_compcv);
2069 CvPADLIST(PL_compcv) = pad_new(0);
2070 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
2071 CvOWNER(PL_compcv) = 0;
2072 Newx(CvMUTEXP(PL_compcv), 1, perl_mutex);
2073 MUTEX_INIT(CvMUTEXP(PL_compcv));
2074 #endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
2077 boot_core_UNIVERSAL();
2078 boot_core_xsutils();
2081 (*xsinit)(aTHX); /* in case linked C routines want magical variables */
2083 #if defined(VMS) || defined(WIN32) || defined(DJGPP) || defined(__CYGWIN__) || defined(EPOC) || defined(SYMBIAN)
2089 # ifdef HAS_SOCKS5_INIT
2090 socks5_init(argv[0]);
2096 init_predump_symbols();
2097 /* init_postdump_symbols not currently designed to be called */
2098 /* more than once (ENV isn't cleared first, for example) */
2099 /* But running with -u leaves %ENV & @ARGV undefined! XXX */
2101 init_postdump_symbols(argc,argv,env);
2103 /* PL_unicode is turned on by -C, or by $ENV{PERL_UNICODE},
2104 * or explicitly in some platforms.
2105 * locale.c:Perl_init_i18nl10n() if the environment
2106 * look like the user wants to use UTF-8. */
2107 #if defined(__SYMBIAN32__)
2108 PL_unicode = PERL_UNICODE_STD_FLAG; /* See PERL_SYMBIAN_CONSOLE_UTF8. */
2111 /* Requires init_predump_symbols(). */
2112 if (!(PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_LOCALE_FLAG) || PL_utf8locale) {
2117 /* Turn on UTF-8-ness on STDIN, STDOUT, STDERR
2118 * and the default open disciplines. */
2119 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDIN_FLAG) &&
2120 PL_stdingv && (io = GvIO(PL_stdingv)) &&
2122 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
2123 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDOUT_FLAG) &&
2124 PL_defoutgv && (io = GvIO(PL_defoutgv)) &&
2126 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
2127 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDERR_FLAG) &&
2128 PL_stderrgv && (io = GvIO(PL_stderrgv)) &&
2130 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
2131 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_INOUT_FLAG) &&
2132 (sv = GvSV(gv_fetchpvs("\017PEN", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL,
2134 U32 in = PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_IN_FLAG;
2135 U32 out = PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_OUT_FLAG;
2138 sv_setpvn(sv, ":utf8\0:utf8", 11);
2140 sv_setpvn(sv, ":utf8\0", 6);
2143 sv_setpvn(sv, "\0:utf8", 6);
2149 if ((s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_SIGNALS"))) {
2150 if (strEQ(s, "unsafe"))
2151 PL_signals |= PERL_SIGNALS_UNSAFE_FLAG;
2152 else if (strEQ(s, "safe"))
2153 PL_signals &= ~PERL_SIGNALS_UNSAFE_FLAG;
2155 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "PERL_SIGNALS illegal: \"%s\"", s);
2160 /* now parse the script */
2162 SETERRNO(0,SS_NORMAL);
2164 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2165 if (gMacPerl_SyntaxError = (yyparse() || PL_error_count)) {
2167 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s had compilation errors.\n", MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
2169 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Execution of %s aborted due to compilation errors.\n",
2170 MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
2174 if (yyparse() || PL_error_count) {
2176 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s had compilation errors.\n", PL_origfilename);
2178 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Execution of %s aborted due to compilation errors.\n",
2183 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, 0);
2184 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2185 PL_preprocess = FALSE;
2187 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
2195 SAVECOPFILE(PL_curcop);
2196 SAVECOPLINE(PL_curcop);
2197 gv_check(PL_defstash);
2204 if ((s=PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS")) && atoi(s) >= 2)
2205 dump_mstats("after compilation:");
2214 =for apidoc perl_run
2216 Tells a Perl interpreter to run. See L<perlembed>.
2229 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(my_perl);
2231 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
2239 cxstack_ix = -1; /* start context stack again */
2241 case 0: /* normal completion */
2245 case 2: /* my_exit() */
2246 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
2249 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2250 if (!(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_DESTRUCT_END) &&
2251 PL_endav && !PL_minus_c)
2252 call_list(oldscope, PL_endav);
2254 if (PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS"))
2255 dump_mstats("after execution: ");
2261 POPSTACK_TO(PL_mainstack);
2264 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: restartop\n");
2276 S_run_body(pTHX_ I32 oldscope)
2279 DEBUG_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "%s $` $& $' support.\n",
2280 PL_sawampersand ? "Enabling" : "Omitting"));
2282 if (!PL_restartop) {
2283 DEBUG_x(dump_all());
2286 PERL_DEBUG(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "\nEXECUTING...\n\n"));
2288 DEBUG_S(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "main thread is 0x%"UVxf"\n",
2292 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2293 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "%s%s syntax OK\n",
2294 (gMacPerl_ErrorFormat ? "# " : ""),
2295 MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
2297 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "%s syntax OK\n", PL_origfilename);
2301 if (PERLDB_SINGLE && PL_DBsingle)
2302 sv_setiv(PL_DBsingle, 1);
2304 call_list(oldscope, PL_initav);
2310 PL_op = PL_restartop;
2314 else if (PL_main_start) {
2315 CvDEPTH(PL_main_cv) = 1;
2316 PL_op = PL_main_start;
2324 =head1 SV Manipulation Functions
2326 =for apidoc p||get_sv
2328 Returns the SV of the specified Perl scalar. If C<create> is set and the
2329 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
2330 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
2336 Perl_get_sv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
2339 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
2340 if (name[1] == '\0' && !isALPHA(name[0])) {
2341 PADOFFSET tmp = find_threadsv(name);
2342 if (tmp != NOT_IN_PAD)
2343 return THREADSV(tmp);
2345 #endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
2346 gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PV);
2353 =head1 Array Manipulation Functions
2355 =for apidoc p||get_av
2357 Returns the AV of the specified Perl array. If C<create> is set and the
2358 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
2359 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
2365 Perl_get_av(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
2367 GV* const gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVAV);
2376 =head1 Hash Manipulation Functions
2378 =for apidoc p||get_hv
2380 Returns the HV of the specified Perl hash. If C<create> is set and the
2381 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
2382 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
2388 Perl_get_hv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
2390 GV* const gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVHV);
2399 =head1 CV Manipulation Functions
2401 =for apidoc p||get_cv
2403 Returns the CV of the specified Perl subroutine. If C<create> is set and
2404 the Perl subroutine does not exist then it will be declared (which has the
2405 same effect as saying C<sub name;>). If C<create> is not set and the
2406 subroutine does not exist then NULL is returned.
2412 Perl_get_cv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
2414 GV* const gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVCV);
2415 /* XXX unsafe for threads if eval_owner isn't held */
2416 /* XXX this is probably not what they think they're getting.
2417 * It has the same effect as "sub name;", i.e. just a forward
2419 if (create && !GvCVu(gv))
2420 return newSUB(start_subparse(FALSE, 0),
2421 newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSVpv(name,0)),
2429 /* Be sure to refetch the stack pointer after calling these routines. */
2433 =head1 Callback Functions
2435 =for apidoc p||call_argv
2437 Performs a callback to the specified Perl sub. See L<perlcall>.
2443 Perl_call_argv(pTHX_ const char *sub_name, I32 flags, register char **argv)
2445 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2446 /* null terminated arg list */
2454 XPUSHs(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(*argv,0)));
2459 return call_pv(sub_name, flags);
2463 =for apidoc p||call_pv
2465 Performs a callback to the specified Perl sub. See L<perlcall>.
2471 Perl_call_pv(pTHX_ const char *sub_name, I32 flags)
2472 /* name of the subroutine */
2473 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2475 return call_sv((SV*)get_cv(sub_name, TRUE), flags);
2479 =for apidoc p||call_method
2481 Performs a callback to the specified Perl method. The blessed object must
2482 be on the stack. See L<perlcall>.
2488 Perl_call_method(pTHX_ const char *methname, I32 flags)
2489 /* name of the subroutine */
2490 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2492 return call_sv(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(methname,0)), flags | G_METHOD);
2495 /* May be called with any of a CV, a GV, or an SV containing the name. */
2497 =for apidoc p||call_sv
2499 Performs a callback to the Perl sub whose name is in the SV. See
2506 Perl_call_sv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
2507 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2510 LOGOP myop; /* fake syntax tree node */
2513 volatile I32 retval = 0;
2515 bool oldcatch = CATCH_GET;
2517 OP* const oldop = PL_op;
2520 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2525 Zero(&myop, 1, LOGOP);
2526 myop.op_next = Nullop;
2527 if (!(flags & G_NOARGS))
2528 myop.op_flags |= OPf_STACKED;
2529 myop.op_flags |= ((flags & G_VOID) ? OPf_WANT_VOID :
2530 (flags & G_ARRAY) ? OPf_WANT_LIST :
2535 EXTEND(PL_stack_sp, 1);
2536 *++PL_stack_sp = sv;
2538 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
2540 if (PERLDB_SUB && PL_curstash != PL_debstash
2541 /* Handle first BEGIN of -d. */
2542 && (PL_DBcv || (PL_DBcv = GvCV(PL_DBsub)))
2543 /* Try harder, since this may have been a sighandler, thus
2544 * curstash may be meaningless. */
2545 && (SvTYPE(sv) != SVt_PVCV || CvSTASH((CV*)sv) != PL_debstash)
2546 && !(flags & G_NODEBUG))
2547 PL_op->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_DB;
2549 if (flags & G_METHOD) {
2550 Zero(&method_op, 1, UNOP);
2551 method_op.op_next = PL_op;
2552 method_op.op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_METHOD];
2553 myop.op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_ENTERSUB];
2554 PL_op = (OP*)&method_op;
2557 if (!(flags & G_EVAL)) {
2559 call_body((OP*)&myop, FALSE);
2560 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2561 CATCH_SET(oldcatch);
2564 myop.op_other = (OP*)&myop;
2566 /* we're trying to emulate pp_entertry() here */
2568 register PERL_CONTEXT *cx;
2569 const I32 gimme = GIMME_V;
2574 PUSHBLOCK(cx, (CXt_EVAL|CXp_TRYBLOCK), PL_stack_sp);
2576 PL_eval_root = PL_op; /* Only needed so that goto works right. */
2578 PL_in_eval = EVAL_INEVAL;
2579 if (flags & G_KEEPERR)
2580 PL_in_eval |= EVAL_KEEPERR;
2582 sv_setpvn(ERRSV,"",0);
2590 call_body((OP*)&myop, FALSE);
2591 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2592 if (!(flags & G_KEEPERR))
2593 sv_setpvn(ERRSV,"",0);
2599 /* my_exit() was called */
2600 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2603 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED))
2604 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Callback called exit");
2609 PL_op = PL_restartop;
2613 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2614 if (flags & G_ARRAY)
2618 *++PL_stack_sp = &PL_sv_undef;
2623 if (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope) {
2627 register PERL_CONTEXT *cx;
2634 PERL_UNUSED_VAR(newsp);
2635 PERL_UNUSED_VAR(gimme);
2636 PERL_UNUSED_VAR(optype);
2641 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2642 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2652 S_call_body(pTHX_ const OP *myop, bool is_eval)
2655 if (PL_op == myop) {
2657 PL_op = Perl_pp_entereval(aTHX); /* this doesn't do a POPMARK */
2659 PL_op = Perl_pp_entersub(aTHX); /* this does */
2665 /* Eval a string. The G_EVAL flag is always assumed. */
2668 =for apidoc p||eval_sv
2670 Tells Perl to C<eval> the string in the SV.
2676 Perl_eval_sv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
2678 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2682 UNOP myop; /* fake syntax tree node */
2683 volatile I32 oldmark = SP - PL_stack_base;
2684 volatile I32 retval = 0;
2686 OP* const oldop = PL_op;
2689 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2696 Zero(PL_op, 1, UNOP);
2697 EXTEND(PL_stack_sp, 1);
2698 *++PL_stack_sp = sv;
2700 if (!(flags & G_NOARGS))
2701 myop.op_flags = OPf_STACKED;
2702 myop.op_next = Nullop;
2703 myop.op_type = OP_ENTEREVAL;
2704 myop.op_flags |= ((flags & G_VOID) ? OPf_WANT_VOID :
2705 (flags & G_ARRAY) ? OPf_WANT_LIST :
2707 if (flags & G_KEEPERR)
2708 myop.op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL;
2710 /* fail now; otherwise we could fail after the JMPENV_PUSH but
2711 * before a PUSHEVAL, which corrupts the stack after a croak */
2712 TAINT_PROPER("eval_sv()");
2718 call_body((OP*)&myop,TRUE);
2719 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2720 if (!(flags & G_KEEPERR))
2721 sv_setpvn(ERRSV,"",0);
2727 /* my_exit() was called */
2728 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2731 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED))
2732 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Callback called exit");
2737 PL_op = PL_restartop;
2741 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2742 if (flags & G_ARRAY)
2746 *++PL_stack_sp = &PL_sv_undef;
2752 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2753 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2763 =for apidoc p||eval_pv
2765 Tells Perl to C<eval> the given string and return an SV* result.
2771 Perl_eval_pv(pTHX_ const char *p, I32 croak_on_error)
2775 SV* sv = newSVpv(p, 0);
2777 eval_sv(sv, G_SCALAR);
2784 if (croak_on_error && SvTRUE(ERRSV)) {
2785 Perl_croak(aTHX_ SvPVx_nolen_const(ERRSV));
2791 /* Require a module. */
2794 =head1 Embedding Functions
2796 =for apidoc p||require_pv
2798 Tells Perl to C<require> the file named by the string argument. It is
2799 analogous to the Perl code C<eval "require '$file'">. It's even
2800 implemented that way; consider using load_module instead.
2805 Perl_require_pv(pTHX_ const char *pv)
2810 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_REQUIRE);
2812 sv = Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "require q%c%s%c", 0, pv, 0);
2813 eval_sv(sv_2mortal(sv), G_DISCARD);
2819 Perl_magicname(pTHX_ const char *sym, const char *name, I32 namlen)
2821 register GV * const gv = gv_fetchpv(sym, GV_ADD, SVt_PV);
2824 sv_magic(GvSV(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, namlen);
2828 S_usage(pTHX_ const char *name) /* XXX move this out into a module ? */
2830 /* This message really ought to be max 23 lines.
2831 * Removed -h because the user already knows that option. Others? */
2833 static const char * const usage_msg[] = {
2834 "-0[octal] specify record separator (\\0, if no argument)",
2835 "-A[mod][=pattern] activate all/given assertions",
2836 "-a autosplit mode with -n or -p (splits $_ into @F)",
2837 "-C[number/list] enables the listed Unicode features",
2838 "-c check syntax only (runs BEGIN and CHECK blocks)",
2839 "-d[:debugger] run program under debugger",
2840 "-D[number/list] set debugging flags (argument is a bit mask or alphabets)",
2841 "-e program one line of program (several -e's allowed, omit programfile)",
2842 "-E program like -e, but enables all optional features",
2843 "-f don't do $sitelib/sitecustomize.pl at startup",
2844 "-F/pattern/ split() pattern for -a switch (//'s are optional)",
2845 "-i[extension] edit <> files in place (makes backup if extension supplied)",
2846 "-Idirectory specify @INC/#include directory (several -I's allowed)",
2847 "-l[octal] enable line ending processing, specifies line terminator",
2848 "-[mM][-]module execute \"use/no module...\" before executing program",
2849 "-n assume \"while (<>) { ... }\" loop around program",
2850 "-p assume loop like -n but print line also, like sed",
2851 "-P run program through C preprocessor before compilation",
2852 "-s enable rudimentary parsing for switches after programfile",
2853 "-S look for programfile using PATH environment variable",
2854 "-t enable tainting warnings",
2855 "-T enable tainting checks",
2856 "-u dump core after parsing program",
2857 "-U allow unsafe operations",
2858 "-v print version, subversion (includes VERY IMPORTANT perl info)",
2859 "-V[:variable] print configuration summary (or a single Config.pm variable)",
2860 "-w enable many useful warnings (RECOMMENDED)",
2861 "-W enable all warnings",
2862 "-x[directory] strip off text before #!perl line and perhaps cd to directory",
2863 "-X disable all warnings",
2867 const char * const *p = usage_msg;
2869 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2870 "\nUsage: %s [switches] [--] [programfile] [arguments]",
2873 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(), "\n %s", *p++);
2876 /* convert a string of -D options (or digits) into an int.
2877 * sets *s to point to the char after the options */
2881 Perl_get_debug_opts(pTHX_ const char **s, bool givehelp)
2883 static const char * const usage_msgd[] = {
2884 " Debugging flag values: (see also -d)",
2885 " p Tokenizing and parsing (with v, displays parse stack)",
2886 " s Stack snapshots (with v, displays all stacks)",
2887 " l Context (loop) stack processing",
2888 " t Trace execution",
2889 " o Method and overloading resolution",
2890 " c String/numeric conversions",
2891 " P Print profiling info, preprocessor command for -P, source file input state",
2892 " m Memory allocation",
2893 " f Format processing",
2894 " r Regular expression parsing and execution",
2895 " x Syntax tree dump",
2896 " u Tainting checks",
2897 " H Hash dump -- usurps values()",
2898 " X Scratchpad allocation",
2900 " S Thread synchronization",
2902 " R Include reference counts of dumped variables (eg when using -Ds)",
2903 " J Do not s,t,P-debug (Jump over) opcodes within package DB",
2904 " v Verbose: use in conjunction with other flags",
2906 " A Consistency checks on internal structures",
2907 " q quiet - currently only suppresses the 'EXECUTING' message",
2912 /* if adding extra options, remember to update DEBUG_MASK */
2913 static const char debopts[] = "psltocPmfrxu HXDSTRJvCAq";
2915 for (; isALNUM(**s); (*s)++) {
2916 const char * const d = strchr(debopts,**s);
2918 i |= 1 << (d - debopts);
2919 else if (ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
2920 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
2921 "invalid option -D%c, use -D'' to see choices\n", **s);
2924 else if (isDIGIT(**s)) {
2926 for (; isALNUM(**s); (*s)++) ;
2928 else if (givehelp) {
2929 const char *const *p = usage_msgd;
2930 while (*p) PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(), "%s\n", *p++);
2933 if ((i & DEBUG_p_FLAG) && ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
2934 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
2935 "-Dp not implemented on this platform\n");
2941 /* This routine handles any switches that can be given during run */
2944 Perl_moreswitches(pTHX_ char *s)
2955 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rs);
2956 if (s[1] == 'x' && s[2]) {
2957 const char *e = s+=2;
2963 flags = PERL_SCAN_SILENT_ILLDIGIT;
2964 rschar = (U32)grok_hex(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
2965 if (s + numlen < e) {
2966 rschar = 0; /* Grandfather -0xFOO as -0 -xFOO. */
2970 PL_rs = newSVpvs("");
2971 SvGROW(PL_rs, (STRLEN)(UNISKIP(rschar) + 1));
2972 tmps = (U8*)SvPVX(PL_rs);
2973 uvchr_to_utf8(tmps, rschar);
2974 SvCUR_set(PL_rs, UNISKIP(rschar));
2979 rschar = (U32)grok_oct(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
2980 if (rschar & ~((U8)~0))
2981 PL_rs = &PL_sv_undef;
2982 else if (!rschar && numlen >= 2)
2983 PL_rs = newSVpvs("");
2985 char ch = (char)rschar;
2986 PL_rs = newSVpvn(&ch, 1);
2989 sv_setsv(get_sv("/", TRUE), PL_rs);
2994 PL_unicode = parse_unicode_opts( (const char **)&s );
2999 while (*s && !isSPACE(*s)) ++s;
3001 PL_splitstr = savepv(PL_splitstr);
3012 forbid_setid('d', -1);
3015 /* -dt indicates to the debugger that threads will be used */
3016 if (*s == 't' && !isALNUM(s[1])) {
3018 my_setenv("PERL5DB_THREADED", "1");
3021 /* The following permits -d:Mod to accepts arguments following an =
3022 in the fashion that -MSome::Mod does. */
3023 if (*s == ':' || *s == '=') {
3025 SV * const sv = newSVpvs("use Devel::");
3027 /* We now allow -d:Module=Foo,Bar */
3028 while(isALNUM(*s) || *s==':') ++s;
3030 sv_catpv(sv, start);
3032 sv_catpvn(sv, start, s-start);
3033 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ sv, " split(/,/,q%c%s%c)", 0, ++s, 0);
3036 my_setenv("PERL5DB", SvPV_nolen_const(sv));
3039 PL_perldb = PERLDB_ALL;
3046 forbid_setid('D', -1);
3048 PL_debug = get_debug_opts( (const char **)&s, 1) | DEBUG_TOP_FLAG;
3049 #else /* !DEBUGGING */
3050 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
3051 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
3052 "Recompile perl with -DDEBUGGING to use -D switch (did you mean -d ?)\n");
3053 for (s++; isALNUM(*s); s++) ;
3058 usage(PL_origargv[0]);
3061 Safefree(PL_inplace);
3062 #if defined(__CYGWIN__) /* do backup extension automagically */
3063 if (*(s+1) == '\0') {
3064 PL_inplace = savepvs(".bak");
3067 #endif /* __CYGWIN__ */
3068 PL_inplace = savepv(s+1);
3069 for (s = PL_inplace; *s && !isSPACE(*s); s++)
3073 if (*s == '-') /* Additional switches on #! line. */
3077 case 'I': /* -I handled both here and in parse_body() */
3078 forbid_setid('I', -1);
3080 while (*s && isSPACE(*s))
3085 /* ignore trailing spaces (possibly followed by other switches) */
3087 for (e = p; *e && !isSPACE(*e); e++) ;
3091 } while (*p && *p != '-');
3092 e = savepvn(s, e-s);
3093 incpush(e, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE, FALSE);
3100 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No directory specified for -I");
3106 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ors_sv);
3112 PL_ors_sv = newSVpvs("\n");
3113 numlen = 3 + (*s == '0');
3114 *SvPVX(PL_ors_sv) = (char)grok_oct(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
3118 if (RsPARA(PL_rs)) {
3119 PL_ors_sv = newSVpvs("\n\n");
3122 PL_ors_sv = newSVsv(PL_rs);
3127 forbid_setid('A', -1);
3129 PL_preambleav = newAV();
3132 char * const start = s;
3133 SV * const sv = newSVpvs("use assertions::activate");
3134 while(isALNUM(*s) || *s == ':') ++s;
3136 sv_catpvs(sv, "::");
3137 sv_catpvn(sv, start, s-start);
3140 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ sv, " split(/,/,q%c%s%c)", 0, ++s, 0);
3143 else if (*s != '\0') {
3144 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use '%c' after -A%.*s", *s, (int)(s-start), start);
3146 av_push(PL_preambleav, sv);
3150 forbid_setid('M', -1); /* XXX ? */
3153 forbid_setid('m', -1); /* XXX ? */
3157 const char *use = "use ";
3158 /* -M-foo == 'no foo' */
3159 /* Leading space on " no " is deliberate, to make both
3160 possibilities the same length. */
3161 if (*s == '-') { use = " no "; ++s; }
3162 sv = newSVpvn(use,4);
3164 /* We allow -M'Module qw(Foo Bar)' */
3165 while(isALNUM(*s) || *s==':') ++s;
3167 sv_catpv(sv, start);
3168 if (*(start-1) == 'm') {
3170 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use '%c' after -mname", *s);
3171 sv_catpvs( sv, " ()");
3175 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Module name required with -%c option",
3177 sv_catpvn(sv, start, s-start);
3178 sv_catpvs(sv, " split(/,/,q");
3179 sv_catpvs(sv, "\0"); /* Use NUL as q//-delimiter. */
3181 sv_catpvs(sv, "\0)");
3185 PL_preambleav = newAV();
3186 av_push(PL_preambleav, sv);
3189 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Missing argument to -%c", *(s-1));
3200 forbid_setid('s', -1);
3201 PL_doswitches = TRUE;
3215 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3216 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Believe me, you don't want to use \"-u\" on a Macintosh");
3218 PL_do_undump = TRUE;
3226 if (!sv_derived_from(PL_patchlevel, "version"))
3227 upg_version(PL_patchlevel);
3229 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3230 Perl_form(aTHX_ "\nThis is perl, %"SVf
3231 #ifdef PERL_PATCHNUM
3232 " DEVEL" STRINGIFY(PERL_PATCHNUM)
3235 vstringify(PL_patchlevel),
3238 /* Adjust verbose output as in the perl that ships with the DG/UX OS from EMC */
3239 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3240 Perl_form(aTHX_ "\nThis is perl, %"SVf"\n",
3241 vstringify(PL_patchlevel)));
3242 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3243 Perl_form(aTHX_ " built under %s at %s %s\n",
3244 OSNAME, __DATE__, __TIME__));
3245 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3246 Perl_form(aTHX_ " OS Specific Release: %s\n",
3250 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
3251 if (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT > 0)
3252 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3253 "\n(with %d registered patch%s, "
3254 "see perl -V for more detail)",
3255 (int)LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT,
3256 (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT!=1) ? "es" : "");
3259 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3260 "\n\nCopyright 1987-2006, Larry Wall\n");
3261 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3262 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3263 "\nMac OS port Copyright 1991-2002, Matthias Neeracher;\n"
3264 "maintained by Chris Nandor\n");
3267 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3268 "\nMS-DOS port Copyright (c) 1989, 1990, Diomidis Spinellis\n");
3271 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3272 "djgpp v2 port (jpl5003c) by Hirofumi Watanabe, 1996\n"
3273 "djgpp v2 port (perl5004+) by Laszlo Molnar, 1997-1999\n");
3276 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3277 "\n\nOS/2 port Copyright (c) 1990, 1991, Raymond Chen, Kai Uwe Rommel\n"
3278 "Version 5 port Copyright (c) 1994-2002, Andreas Kaiser, Ilya Zakharevich\n");
3281 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3282 "atariST series port, ++jrb bammi@cadence.com\n");
3285 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3286 "BeOS port Copyright Tom Spindler, 1997-1999\n");
3289 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3290 "MPE/iX port Copyright by Mark Klein and Mark Bixby, 1996-2003\n");
3293 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3294 "MVS (OS390) port by Mortice Kern Systems, 1997-1999\n");
3297 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3298 "Stratus VOS port by Paul.Green@stratus.com, 1997-2002\n");
3301 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3302 "VM/ESA port by Neale Ferguson, 1998-1999\n");
3305 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3306 "BS2000 (POSIX) port by Start Amadeus GmbH, 1998-1999\n");
3309 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3310 "MiNT port by Guido Flohr, 1997-1999\n");
3313 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3314 "EPOC port by Olaf Flebbe, 1999-2002\n");
3317 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),"WINCE port by Rainer Keuchel, 2001-2002\n");
3318 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),"Built on " __DATE__ " " __TIME__ "\n\n");
3321 #ifdef __SYMBIAN32__
3322 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3323 "Symbian port by Nokia, 2004-2005\n");
3325 #ifdef BINARY_BUILD_NOTICE
3326 BINARY_BUILD_NOTICE;
3328 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3330 Perl may be copied only under the terms of either the Artistic License or the\n\
3331 GNU General Public License, which may be found in the Perl 5 source kit.\n\n\
3332 Complete documentation for Perl, including FAQ lists, should be found on\n\
3333 this system using \"man perl\" or \"perldoc perl\". If you have access to the\n\
3334 Internet, point your browser at http://www.perl.org/, the Perl Home Page.\n\n");
3337 if (! (PL_dowarn & G_WARN_ALL_MASK))
3338 PL_dowarn |= G_WARN_ON;
3342 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_ALL_ON|G_WARN_ON;
3343 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
3344 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
3345 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = pWARN_ALL ;
3349 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_ALL_OFF;
3350 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
3351 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
3352 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = pWARN_NONE ;
3357 if (s[1] == '-') /* Additional switches on #! line. */
3362 #if defined(WIN32) || !defined(PERL_STRICT_CR)
3368 #ifdef ALTERNATE_SHEBANG
3369 case 'S': /* OS/2 needs -S on "extproc" line. */
3377 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't emulate -%.1s on #! line",s);
3382 /* compliments of Tom Christiansen */
3384 /* unexec() can be found in the Gnu emacs distribution */
3385 /* Known to work with -DUNEXEC and using unexelf.c from GNU emacs-20.2 */
3388 Perl_my_unexec(pTHX)
3396 prog = newSVpv(BIN_EXP, 0);
3397 sv_catpvs(prog, "/perl");
3398 file = newSVpv(PL_origfilename, 0);
3399 sv_catpvs(file, ".perldump");
3401 unexec(SvPVX(file), SvPVX(prog), &etext, sbrk(0), 0);
3402 /* unexec prints msg to stderr in case of failure */
3403 PerlProc_exit(status);
3406 # include <lib$routines.h>
3407 lib$signal(SS$_DEBUG); /* ssdef.h #included from vmsish.h */
3408 # elif defined(WIN32) || defined(__CYGWIN__)
3409 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "dump is not supported");
3411 ABORT(); /* for use with undump */
3416 /* initialize curinterp */
3422 # define PERLVAR(var,type)
3423 # define PERLVARA(var,n,type)
3424 # if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
3425 # if defined(USE_5005THREADS)
3426 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
3427 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
3428 # else /* !USE_5005THREADS */
3429 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) aTHX->var = init;
3430 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) aTHX->var = init;
3431 # endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
3433 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
3434 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
3436 # include "intrpvar.h"
3437 # ifndef USE_5005THREADS
3438 # include "thrdvar.h"
3445 # define PERLVAR(var,type)
3446 # define PERLVARA(var,n,type)
3447 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PL_##var = init;
3448 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PL_##var = init;
3449 # include "intrpvar.h"
3450 # ifndef USE_5005THREADS
3451 # include "thrdvar.h"
3462 S_init_main_stash(pTHX)
3467 PL_curstash = PL_defstash = newHV();
3468 /* We know that the string "main" will be in the global shared string
3469 table, so it's a small saving to use it rather than allocate another
3471 PL_curstname = newSVpvs_share("main");
3472 gv = gv_fetchpvs("main::", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVHV);
3473 /* If we hadn't caused another reference to "main" to be in the shared
3474 string table above, then it would be worth reordering these two,
3475 because otherwise all we do is delete "main" from it as a consequence
3476 of the SvREFCNT_dec, only to add it again with hv_name_set */
3477 SvREFCNT_dec(GvHV(gv));
3478 hv_name_set(PL_defstash, "main", 4, 0);
3479 GvHV(gv) = (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(PL_defstash);
3481 PL_incgv = gv_HVadd(gv_AVadd(gv_fetchpvs("INC", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL,
3483 SvREFCNT_inc(PL_incgv); /* Don't allow it to be freed */
3484 GvMULTI_on(PL_incgv);
3485 PL_hintgv = gv_fetchpvs("\010", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV); /* ^H */
3486 GvMULTI_on(PL_hintgv);
3487 PL_defgv = gv_fetchpvs("_", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVAV);
3488 SvREFCNT_inc(PL_defgv);
3489 PL_errgv = gv_HVadd(gv_fetchpvs("@", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV));
3490 SvREFCNT_inc(PL_errgv);
3491 GvMULTI_on(PL_errgv);
3492 PL_replgv = gv_fetchpvs("\022", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV); /* ^R */
3493 GvMULTI_on(PL_replgv);
3494 (void)Perl_form(aTHX_ "%240s",""); /* Preallocate temp - for immediate signals. */
3495 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
3498 sv_grow(ERRSV, 240); /* Preallocate - for immediate signals. */
3499 sv_setpvn(ERRSV, "", 0);
3500 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
3501 CopSTASH_set(&PL_compiling, PL_defstash);
3502 PL_debstash = GvHV(gv_fetchpvs("DB::", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
3503 PL_globalstash = GvHV(gv_fetchpvs("CORE::GLOBAL::", GV_ADDMULTI,
3505 /* We must init $/ before switches are processed. */
3506 sv_setpvn(get_sv("/", TRUE), "\n", 1);
3509 /* PSz 18 Nov 03 fdscript now global but do not change prototype */
3511 S_open_script(pTHX_ const char *scriptname, bool dosearch, SV *sv,
3517 const char *cpp_discard_flag;
3526 PL_origfilename = savepvs("-e");
3529 /* if find_script() returns, it returns a malloc()-ed value */
3530 scriptname = PL_origfilename = find_script(scriptname, dosearch, NULL, 1);
3532 if (strnEQ(scriptname, "/dev/fd/", 8) && isDIGIT(scriptname[8]) ) {
3533 const char *s = scriptname + 8;
3539 * Tell apart "normal" usage of fdscript, e.g.
3540 * with bash on FreeBSD:
3541 * perl <( echo '#!perl -DA'; echo 'print "$0\n"')
3542 * from usage in suidperl.
3543 * Does any "normal" usage leave garbage after the number???
3544 * Is it a mistake to use a similar /dev/fd/ construct for
3549 * Be supersafe and do some sanity-checks.
3550 * Still, can we be sure we got the right thing?
3553 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Wrong syntax (suid) fd script name \"%s\"\n", s);
3556 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Missing (suid) fd script name\n");
3558 scriptname = savepv(s + 1);
3559 Safefree(PL_origfilename);
3560 PL_origfilename = (char *)scriptname;
3565 CopFILE_free(PL_curcop);
3566 CopFILE_set(PL_curcop, PL_origfilename);
3567 if (*PL_origfilename == '-' && PL_origfilename[1] == '\0')
3568 scriptname = (char *)"";
3569 if (fdscript >= 0) {
3570 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_fdopen(fdscript,PERL_SCRIPT_MODE);
3571 # if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3573 /* ensure close-on-exec */
3574 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,1);
3579 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "sperl needs fd script\n"
3580 "You should not call sperl directly; do you need to "
3581 "change a #! line\nfrom sperl to perl?\n");
3584 * Do not open (or do other fancy stuff) while setuid.
3585 * Perl does the open, and hands script to suidperl on a fd;
3586 * suidperl only does some checks, sets up UIDs and re-execs
3587 * perl with that fd as it has always done.
3590 if (*suidscript != 1) {
3591 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "suidperl needs (suid) fd script\n");
3594 else if (PL_preprocess) {
3595 const char * const cpp_cfg = CPPSTDIN;
3596 SV * const cpp = newSVpvs("");
3597 SV * const cmd = newSV(0);
3599 if (cpp_cfg[0] == 0) /* PERL_MICRO? */
3600 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't run with cpp -P with CPPSTDIN undefined");
3601 if (strEQ(cpp_cfg, "cppstdin"))
3602 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ cpp, "%s/", BIN_EXP);
3603 sv_catpv(cpp, cpp_cfg);
3606 sv_catpvs(sv, "-I");
3607 sv_catpv(sv,PRIVLIB_EXP);
3610 DEBUG_P(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3611 "PL_preprocess: scriptname=\"%s\", cpp=\"%s\", sv=\"%s\", CPPMINUS=\"%s\"\n",
3612 scriptname, SvPVX_const (cpp), SvPVX_const (sv),
3615 # if defined(MSDOS) || defined(WIN32) || defined(VMS)
3622 cpp_discard_flag = "";
3624 cpp_discard_flag = "-C";
3628 perl = os2_execname(aTHX);
3630 perl = PL_origargv[0];
3634 /* This strips off Perl comments which might interfere with
3635 the C pre-processor, including #!. #line directives are
3636 deliberately stripped to avoid confusion with Perl's version
3637 of #line. FWP played some golf with it so it will fit
3638 into VMS's 255 character buffer.
3641 code = "(1../^#!.*perl/i)|/^\\s*#(?!\\s*((ifn?|un)def|(el|end)?if|define|include|else|error|pragma)\\b)/||!($|=1)||print";
3643 code = "/^\\s*#(?!\\s*((ifn?|un)def|(el|end)?if|define|include|else|error|pragma)\\b)/||!($|=1)||print";
3645 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ cmd, "\
3646 %s -ne%s%s%s %s | %"SVf" %s %"SVf" %s",
3647 perl, quote, code, quote, scriptname, cpp,
3648 cpp_discard_flag, sv, CPPMINUS);
3650 PL_doextract = FALSE;
3652 DEBUG_P(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3653 "PL_preprocess: cmd=\"%s\"\n",
3656 PL_rsfp = PerlProc_popen((char *)SvPVX_const(cmd), (char *)"r");
3660 else if (!*scriptname) {
3661 forbid_setid(0, *suidscript);
3662 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_stdin();
3665 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_open(scriptname,PERL_SCRIPT_MODE);
3666 # if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3668 /* ensure close-on-exec */
3669 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,1);
3672 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3674 /* PSz 16 Sep 03 Keep neat error message */
3676 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't open "BIT_BUCKET": %s\n", Strerror(errno));
3678 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't open perl script \"%s\": %s\n",
3679 CopFILE(PL_curcop), Strerror(errno));
3685 * I_SYSSTATVFS HAS_FSTATVFS
3687 * I_STATFS HAS_FSTATFS HAS_GETFSSTAT
3688 * I_MNTENT HAS_GETMNTENT HAS_HASMNTOPT
3689 * here so that metaconfig picks them up. */
3693 S_fd_on_nosuid_fs(pTHX_ int fd)
3696 * We used to do this as "plain" user (after swapping UIDs with setreuid);
3697 * but is needed also on machines without setreuid.
3698 * Seems safe enough to run as root.
3700 int check_okay = 0; /* able to do all the required sys/libcalls */
3701 int on_nosuid = 0; /* the fd is on a nosuid fs */
3703 * Need to check noexec also: nosuid might not be set, the average
3704 * sysadmin would say that nosuid is irrelevant once he sets noexec.
3706 int on_noexec = 0; /* the fd is on a noexec fs */
3709 * Preferred order: fstatvfs(), fstatfs(), ustat()+getmnt(), getmntent().
3710 * fstatvfs() is UNIX98.
3711 * fstatfs() is 4.3 BSD.
3712 * ustat()+getmnt() is pre-4.3 BSD.
3713 * getmntent() is O(number-of-mounted-filesystems) and can hang on
3714 * an irrelevant filesystem while trying to reach the right one.
3717 #undef FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY /* found the syscalls to do the check? */
3719 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3720 defined(HAS_FSTATVFS)
3721 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3722 struct statvfs stfs;
3724 check_okay = fstatvfs(fd, &stfs) == 0;
3725 on_nosuid = check_okay && (stfs.f_flag & ST_NOSUID);
3727 /* ST_NOEXEC certainly absent on AIX 5.1, and doesn't seem to be documented
3728 on platforms where it is present. */
3729 on_noexec = check_okay && (stfs.f_flag & ST_NOEXEC);
3731 # endif /* fstatvfs */
3733 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3734 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID) && \
3735 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC) && \
3736 defined(HAS_FSTATFS) && \
3737 defined(HAS_STRUCT_STATFS) && \
3738 defined(HAS_STRUCT_STATFS_F_FLAGS)
3739 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3742 check_okay = fstatfs(fd, &stfs) == 0;
3743 on_nosuid = check_okay && (stfs.f_flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID);
3744 on_noexec = check_okay && (stfs.f_flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC);
3745 # endif /* fstatfs */
3747 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3748 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID) && \
3749 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC) && \
3750 defined(HAS_FSTAT) && \
3751 defined(HAS_USTAT) && \
3752 defined(HAS_GETMNT) && \
3753 defined(HAS_STRUCT_FS_DATA) && \
3755 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3758 if (fstat(fd, &fdst) == 0) {
3760 if (ustat(fdst.st_dev, &us) == 0) {
3762 /* NOSTAT_ONE here because we're not examining fields which
3763 * vary between that case and STAT_ONE. */
3764 if (getmnt((int*)0, &fsd, (int)0, NOSTAT_ONE, us.f_fname) == 0) {
3765 size_t cmplen = sizeof(us.f_fname);
3766 if (sizeof(fsd.fd_req.path) < cmplen)
3767 cmplen = sizeof(fsd.fd_req.path);
3768 if (strnEQ(fsd.fd_req.path, us.f_fname, cmplen) &&
3769 fdst.st_dev == fsd.fd_req.dev) {
3771 on_nosuid = fsd.fd_req.flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID;
3772 on_noexec = fsd.fd_req.flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC;
3777 # endif /* fstat+ustat+getmnt */
3779 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3780 defined(HAS_GETMNTENT) && \
3781 defined(HAS_HASMNTOPT) && \
3782 defined(MNTOPT_NOSUID) && \
3783 defined(MNTOPT_NOEXEC)
3784 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3785 FILE *mtab = fopen("/etc/mtab", "r");
3786 struct mntent *entry;
3789 if (mtab && (fstat(fd, &stb) == 0)) {
3790 while (entry = getmntent(mtab)) {
3791 if (stat(entry->mnt_dir, &fsb) == 0
3792 && fsb.st_dev == stb.st_dev)
3794 /* found the filesystem */
3796 if (hasmntopt(entry, MNTOPT_NOSUID))
3798 if (hasmntopt(entry, MNTOPT_NOEXEC))
3801 } /* A single fs may well fail its stat(). */
3806 # endif /* getmntent+hasmntopt */
3809 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't check filesystem of script \"%s\" for nosuid/noexec", PL_origfilename);
3811 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script \"%s\" on nosuid filesystem", PL_origfilename);
3813 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script \"%s\" on noexec filesystem", PL_origfilename);
3814 return ((!check_okay) || on_nosuid || on_noexec);
3816 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3819 S_validate_suid(pTHX_ const char *validarg, const char *scriptname,
3820 int fdscript, int suidscript)
3825 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3827 /* do we need to emulate setuid on scripts? */
3829 /* This code is for those BSD systems that have setuid #! scripts disabled
3830 * in the kernel because of a security problem. Merely defining DOSUID
3831 * in perl will not fix that problem, but if you have disabled setuid
3832 * scripts in the kernel, this will attempt to emulate setuid and setgid
3833 * on scripts that have those now-otherwise-useless bits set. The setuid
3834 * root version must be called suidperl or sperlN.NNN. If regular perl
3835 * discovers that it has opened a setuid script, it calls suidperl with
3836 * the same argv that it had. If suidperl finds that the script it has
3837 * just opened is NOT setuid root, it sets the effective uid back to the
3838 * uid. We don't just make perl setuid root because that loses the
3839 * effective uid we had before invoking perl, if it was different from the
3842 * Description/comments above do not match current workings:
3843 * suidperl must be hardlinked to sperlN.NNN (that is what we exec);
3844 * suidperl called with script open and name changed to /dev/fd/N/X;
3845 * suidperl croaks if script is not setuid;
3846 * making perl setuid would be a huge security risk (and yes, that
3847 * would lose any euid we might have had).
3849 * DOSUID must be defined in both perl and suidperl, and IAMSUID must
3850 * be defined in suidperl only. suidperl must be setuid root. The
3851 * Configure script will set this up for you if you want it.
3857 if (PerlLIO_fstat(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),&PL_statbuf) < 0) /* normal stat is insecure */
3858 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't stat script \"%s\"",PL_origfilename);
3859 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & (S_ISUID|S_ISGID)) {
3861 const char *linestr;
3865 if (fdscript < 0 || suidscript != 1)
3866 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Need (suid) fdscript in suidperl\n"); /* We already checked this */
3868 * Since the script is opened by perl, not suidperl, some of these
3869 * checks are superfluous. Leaving them in probably does not lower
3873 * Do checks even for systems with no HAS_SETREUID.
3874 * We used to swap, then re-swap UIDs with
3876 if (setreuid(PL_euid,PL_uid) < 0
3877 || PerlProc_getuid() != PL_euid || PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_uid)
3878 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't swap uid and euid");
3881 if (setreuid(PL_uid,PL_euid) < 0
3882 || PerlProc_getuid() != PL_uid || PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_euid)
3883 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't reswap uid and euid");
3887 /* On this access check to make sure the directories are readable,
3888 * there is actually a small window that the user could use to make
3889 * filename point to an accessible directory. So there is a faint
3890 * chance that someone could execute a setuid script down in a
3891 * non-accessible directory. I don't know what to do about that.
3892 * But I don't think it's too important. The manual lies when
3893 * it says access() is useful in setuid programs.
3895 * So, access() is pretty useless... but not harmful... do anyway.
3897 if (PerlLIO_access(CopFILE(PL_curcop),1)) { /*double check*/
3898 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't access() script\n");
3901 /* If we can swap euid and uid, then we can determine access rights
3902 * with a simple stat of the file, and then compare device and
3903 * inode to make sure we did stat() on the same file we opened.
3904 * Then we just have to make sure he or she can execute it.
3907 * As the script is opened by perl, not suidperl, we do not need to
3908 * care much about access rights.
3910 * The 'script changed' check is needed, or we can get lied to
3911 * about $0 with e.g.
3912 * suidperl /dev/fd/4//bin/x 4<setuidscript
3913 * Without HAS_SETREUID, is it safe to stat() as root?
3915 * Are there any operating systems that pass /dev/fd/xxx for setuid
3916 * scripts, as suggested/described in perlsec(1)? Surely they do not
3917 * pass the script name as we do, so the "script changed" test would
3918 * fail for them... but we never get here with
3919 * SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW defined.
3921 * This is one place where we must "lie" about return status: not
3922 * say if the stat() failed. We are doing this as root, and could
3923 * be tricked into reporting existence or not of files that the
3924 * "plain" user cannot even see.
3928 if (PerlLIO_stat(CopFILE(PL_curcop),&tmpstatbuf) < 0 ||
3929 tmpstatbuf.st_dev != PL_statbuf.st_dev ||
3930 tmpstatbuf.st_ino != PL_statbuf.st_ino) {
3931 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script changed\n");
3935 if (!cando(S_IXUSR,FALSE,&PL_statbuf)) /* can real uid exec? */
3936 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Real UID cannot exec script\n");
3939 * We used to do this check as the "plain" user (after swapping
3940 * UIDs). But the check for nosuid and noexec filesystem is needed,
3941 * and should be done even without HAS_SETREUID. (Maybe those
3942 * operating systems do not have such mount options anyway...)
3943 * Seems safe enough to do as root.
3945 #if !defined(NO_NOSUID_CHECK)
3946 if (fd_on_nosuid_fs(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp))) {
3947 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script on nosuid or noexec filesystem\n");
3950 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3952 if (!S_ISREG(PL_statbuf.st_mode)) {
3953 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script not plain file\n");
3955 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_IWOTH)
3956 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid/gid script is writable by world");
3957 PL_doswitches = FALSE; /* -s is insecure in suid */
3958 /* PSz 13 Nov 03 But -s was caught elsewhere ... so unsetting it here is useless(?!) */
3959 CopLINE_inc(PL_curcop);
3960 if (sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0) == NULL)
3961 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No #! line");
3962 linestr = SvPV_nolen_const(PL_linestr);
3963 /* required even on Sys V */
3964 if (!*linestr || !linestr[1] || strnNE(linestr,"#!",2))
3965 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No #! line");
3969 /* Sanity check on line length */
3970 s_end = s + strlen(s);
3971 if (s_end == s || (s_end - s) > 4000)
3972 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Very long #! line");
3973 /* Allow more than a single space after #! */
3974 while (isSPACE(*s)) s++;
3975 /* Sanity check on buffer end */
3976 while ((*s) && !isSPACE(*s)) s++;
3977 for (s2 = s; (s2 > linestr &&
3978 (isDIGIT(s2[-1]) || s2[-1] == '.' || s2[-1] == '_'
3979 || s2[-1] == '-')); s2--) ;
3980 /* Sanity check on buffer start */
3981 if ( (s2-4 < linestr || strnNE(s2-4,"perl",4)) &&
3982 (s-9 < linestr || strnNE(s-9,"perl",4)) )
3983 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Not a perl script");
3984 while (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t') s++;
3986 * #! arg must be what we saw above. They can invoke it by
3987 * mentioning suidperl explicitly, but they may not add any strange
3988 * arguments beyond what #! says if they do invoke suidperl that way.
3991 * The way validarg was set up, we rely on the kernel to start
3992 * scripts with argv[1] set to contain all #! line switches (the
3996 * Check that we got all the arguments listed in the #! line (not
3997 * just that there are no extraneous arguments). Might not matter
3998 * much, as switches from #! line seem to be acted upon (also), and
3999 * so may be checked and trapped in perl. But, security checks must
4000 * be done in suidperl and not deferred to perl. Note that suidperl
4001 * does not get around to parsing (and checking) the switches on
4002 * the #! line (but execs perl sooner).
4003 * Allow (require) a trailing newline (which may be of two
4004 * characters on some architectures?) (but no other trailing
4007 len = strlen(validarg);
4008 if (strEQ(validarg," PHOOEY ") ||
4009 strnNE(s,validarg,len) || !isSPACE(s[len]) ||
4010 !((s_end - s) == len+1
4011 || ((s_end - s) == len+2 && isSPACE(s[len+1]))))
4012 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Args must match #! line");
4016 PL_euid != PL_uid && (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID) &&
4017 PL_euid == PL_statbuf.st_uid)
4019 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "YOU HAVEN'T DISABLED SET-ID SCRIPTS IN THE KERNEL YET!\n\
4020 FIX YOUR KERNEL, OR PUT A C WRAPPER AROUND THIS SCRIPT!\n");
4021 #endif /* IAMSUID */
4024 PL_euid) { /* oops, we're not the setuid root perl */
4026 * When root runs a setuid script, we do not go through the same
4027 * steps of execing sperl and then perl with fd scripts, but
4028 * simply set up UIDs within the same perl invocation; so do
4029 * not have the same checks (on options, whatever) that we have
4030 * for plain users. No problem really: would have to be a script
4031 * that does not actually work for plain users; and if root is
4032 * foolish and can be persuaded to run such an unsafe script, he
4033 * might run also non-setuid ones, and deserves what he gets.
4035 * Or, we might drop the PL_euid check above (and rely just on
4036 * fdscript to avoid loops), and do the execs
4042 * Pass fd script to suidperl.
4043 * Exec suidperl, substituting fd script for scriptname.
4044 * Pass script name as "subdir" of fd, which perl will grok;
4045 * in fact will use that to distinguish this from "normal"
4046 * usage, see comments above.
4048 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
4049 PerlLIO_lseek(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),(Off_t)0,0); /* just in case rewind didn't */
4050 /* PSz 27 Feb 04 Sanity checks on scriptname */
4051 if ((!scriptname) || (!*scriptname) ) {
4052 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No setuid script name\n");
4054 if (*scriptname == '-') {
4055 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script name may not begin with dash\n");
4056 /* Or we might confuse it with an option when replacing
4057 * name in argument list, below (though we do pointer, not
4058 * string, comparisons).
4061 for (which = 1; PL_origargv[which] && PL_origargv[which] != scriptname; which++) ;
4062 if (!PL_origargv[which]) {
4063 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't change argv to have fd script\n");
4065 PL_origargv[which] = savepv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "/dev/fd/%d/%s",
4066 PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp), PL_origargv[which]));
4067 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
4068 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,0); /* ensure no close-on-exec */
4071 PerlProc_execv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s/sperl"PERL_FS_VER_FMT, BIN_EXP,
4072 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
4073 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION), PL_origargv);
4075 #endif /* IAMSUID */
4076 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setuid (cannot exec sperl)\n");
4079 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISGID && PL_statbuf.st_gid != PL_egid) {
4081 * This seems back to front: we try HAS_SETEGID first; if not available
4082 * then try HAS_SETREGID; as a last chance we try HAS_SETRESGID. May be OK
4083 * in the sense that we only want to set EGID; but are there any machines
4084 * with either of the latter, but not the former? Same with UID, later.
4087 (void)setegid(PL_statbuf.st_gid);
4090 (void)setregid((Gid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_gid);
4092 #ifdef HAS_SETRESGID
4093 (void)setresgid((Gid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_gid,(Gid_t)-1);
4095 PerlProc_setgid(PL_statbuf.st_gid);
4099 if (PerlProc_getegid() != PL_statbuf.st_gid)
4100 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setegid!\n");
4102 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID) {
4103 if (PL_statbuf.st_uid != PL_euid)
4105 (void)seteuid(PL_statbuf.st_uid); /* all that for this */
4108 (void)setreuid((Uid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_uid);
4110 #ifdef HAS_SETRESUID
4111 (void)setresuid((Uid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_uid,(Uid_t)-1);
4113 PerlProc_setuid(PL_statbuf.st_uid);
4117 if (PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_statbuf.st_uid)
4118 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do seteuid!\n");
4120 else if (PL_uid) { /* oops, mustn't run as root */
4122 (void)seteuid((Uid_t)PL_uid);
4125 (void)setreuid((Uid_t)-1,(Uid_t)PL_uid);
4127 #ifdef HAS_SETRESUID
4128 (void)setresuid((Uid_t)-1,(Uid_t)PL_uid,(Uid_t)-1);
4130 PerlProc_setuid((Uid_t)PL_uid);
4134 if (PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_uid)
4135 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do seteuid!\n");
4138 if (!cando(S_IXUSR,TRUE,&PL_statbuf))
4139 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Effective UID cannot exec script\n"); /* they can't do this */
4142 else if (PL_preprocess) /* PSz 13 Nov 03 Caught elsewhere, useless(?!) here */
4143 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "-P not allowed for setuid/setgid script\n");
4144 else if (fdscript < 0 || suidscript != 1)
4145 /* PSz 13 Nov 03 Caught elsewhere, useless(?!) here */
4146 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "(suid) fdscript needed in suidperl\n");
4148 /* PSz 16 Sep 03 Keep neat error message */
4149 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Script is not setuid/setgid in suidperl\n");
4152 /* We absolutely must clear out any saved ids here, so we */
4153 /* exec the real perl, substituting fd script for scriptname. */
4154 /* (We pass script name as "subdir" of fd, which perl will grok.) */
4156 * It might be thought that using setresgid and/or setresuid (changed to
4157 * set the saved IDs) above might obviate the need to exec, and we could
4158 * go on to "do the perl thing".
4160 * Is there such a thing as "saved GID", and is that set for setuid (but
4161 * not setgid) execution like suidperl? Without exec, it would not be
4162 * cleared for setuid (but not setgid) scripts (or might need a dummy
4165 * We need suidperl to do the exact same argument checking that perl
4166 * does. Thus it cannot be very small; while it could be significantly
4167 * smaller, it is safer (simpler?) to make it essentially the same
4168 * binary as perl (but they are not identical). - Maybe could defer that
4169 * check to the invoked perl, and suidperl be a tiny wrapper instead;
4170 * but prefer to do thorough checks in suidperl itself. Such deferral
4171 * would make suidperl security rely on perl, a design no-no.
4173 * Setuid things should be short and simple, thus easy to understand and
4174 * verify. They should do their "own thing", without influence by
4175 * attackers. It may help if their internal execution flow is fixed,
4176 * regardless of platform: it may be best to exec anyway.
4178 * Suidperl should at least be conceptually simple: a wrapper only,
4179 * never to do any real perl. Maybe we should put
4181 * Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Suidperl should never do real perl\n");
4183 * into the perly bits.
4185 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
4186 PerlLIO_lseek(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),(Off_t)0,0); /* just in case rewind didn't */
4188 * Keep original arguments: suidperl already has fd script.
4190 /* for (which = 1; PL_origargv[which] && PL_origargv[which] != scriptname; which++) ; */
4191 /* if (!PL_origargv[which]) { */
4192 /* errno = EPERM; */
4193 /* Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Permission denied\n"); */
4195 /* PL_origargv[which] = savepv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "/dev/fd/%d/%s", */
4196 /* PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp), PL_origargv[which])); */
4197 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
4198 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,0); /* ensure no close-on-exec */
4201 PerlProc_execv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s/perl"PERL_FS_VER_FMT, BIN_EXP,
4202 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
4203 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION), PL_origargv);/* try again */
4205 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setuid (suidperl cannot exec perl)\n");
4206 #endif /* IAMSUID */
4208 if (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid) { /* (suidperl doesn't exist, in fact) */
4209 #ifndef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
4210 PerlLIO_fstat(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),&PL_statbuf); /* may be either wrapped or real suid */
4211 if ((PL_euid != PL_uid && PL_euid == PL_statbuf.st_uid && PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID)
4213 (PL_egid != PL_gid && PL_egid == PL_statbuf.st_gid && PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISGID)
4216 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "YOU HAVEN'T DISABLED SET-ID SCRIPTS IN THE KERNEL YET!\n\
4217 FIX YOUR KERNEL, PUT A C WRAPPER AROUND THIS SCRIPT, OR USE -u AND UNDUMP!\n");
4218 #endif /* SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW */
4219 /* not set-id, must be wrapped */
4227 S_find_beginning(pTHX)
4231 register const char *s2;
4232 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4236 /* skip forward in input to the real script? */
4238 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4239 /* Since the Mac OS does not honor #! arguments for us, we do it ourselves */
4241 while (PL_doextract || gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
4242 if ((s = sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0)) == NULL) {
4243 if (!gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract)
4244 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No Perl script found in input\n");
4246 if (PL_doextract) /* require explicit override ? */
4247 if (!OverrideExtract(PL_origfilename))
4248 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "User aborted script\n");
4250 PL_doextract = FALSE;
4252 /* Pater peccavi, file does not have #! */
4253 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
4258 while (PL_doextract) {
4259 if ((s = sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0)) == NULL)
4260 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No Perl script found in input\n");
4263 if (*s == '#' && s[1] == '!' && ((s = instr(s,"perl")) || (s = instr(s2,"PERL")))) {
4264 PerlIO_ungetc(PL_rsfp, '\n'); /* to keep line count right */
4265 PL_doextract = FALSE;
4266 while (*s && !(isSPACE (*s) || *s == '#')) s++;
4268 while (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t') s++;
4270 while (isDIGIT(s2[-1]) || s2[-1] == '-' || s2[-1] == '.'
4271 || s2[-1] == '_') s2--;
4272 if (strnEQ(s2-4,"perl",4))
4273 while ((s = moreswitches(s)))
4276 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4277 /* We are always searching for the #!perl line in MacPerl,
4278 * so if we find it, still keep the line count correct
4279 * by counting lines we already skipped over
4281 for (; maclines > 0 ; maclines--)
4282 PerlIO_ungetc(PL_rsfp, '\n');
4286 /* gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract is false in MPW tool */
4287 } else if (gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
4299 PL_uid = PerlProc_getuid();
4300 PL_euid = PerlProc_geteuid();
4301 PL_gid = PerlProc_getgid();
4302 PL_egid = PerlProc_getegid();
4304 PL_uid |= PL_gid << 16;
4305 PL_euid |= PL_egid << 16;
4307 /* Should not happen: */
4308 CHECK_MALLOC_TAINT(PL_uid && (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid));
4309 PL_tainting |= (PL_uid && (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid));
4312 * Should go by suidscript, not uid!=euid: why disallow
4313 * system("ls") in scripts run from setuid things?
4314 * Or, is this run before we check arguments and set suidscript?
4315 * What about SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW: could we use fdscript then?
4316 * (We never have suidscript, can we be sure to have fdscript?)
4317 * Or must then go by UID checks? See comments in forbid_setid also.
4321 /* This is used very early in the lifetime of the program,
4322 * before even the options are parsed, so PL_tainting has
4323 * not been initialized properly. */
4325 Perl_doing_taint(int argc, char *argv[], char *envp[])
4327 #ifndef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
4328 /* If we have PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS we can't call getuid() et alia
4329 * before we have an interpreter-- and the whole point of this
4330 * function is to be called at such an early stage. If you are on
4331 * a system with PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS but you do have a concept of
4332 * "tainted because running with altered effective ids', you'll
4333 * have to add your own checks somewhere in here. The two most
4334 * known samples of 'implicitness' are Win32 and NetWare, neither
4335 * of which has much of concept of 'uids'. */
4336 int uid = PerlProc_getuid();
4337 int euid = PerlProc_geteuid();
4338 int gid = PerlProc_getgid();
4339 int egid = PerlProc_getegid();
4346 if (uid && (euid != uid || egid != gid))
4348 #endif /* !PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS */
4349 /* This is a really primitive check; environment gets ignored only
4350 * if -T are the first chars together; otherwise one gets
4351 * "Too late" message. */
4352 if ( argc > 1 && argv[1][0] == '-'
4353 && (argv[1][1] == 't' || argv[1][1] == 'T') )
4358 /* Passing the flag as a single char rather than a string is a slight space
4359 optimisation. The only message that isn't /^-.$/ is
4360 "program input from stdin", which is substituted in place of '\0', which
4361 could never be a command line flag. */
4363 S_forbid_setid(pTHX_ const char flag, const int suidscript)
4366 char string[3] = "-x";
4367 const char *message = "program input from stdin";
4374 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
4375 if (PL_euid != PL_uid)
4376 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed while running setuid", message);
4377 if (PL_egid != PL_gid)
4378 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed while running setgid", message);
4379 #endif /* SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW */
4381 * Checks for UID/GID above "wrong": why disallow
4382 * perl -e 'print "Hello\n"'
4383 * from within setuid things?? Simply drop them: replaced by
4384 * fdscript/suidscript and #ifdef IAMSUID checks below.
4386 * This may be too late for command-line switches. Will catch those on
4387 * the #! line, after finding the script name and setting up
4388 * fdscript/suidscript. Note that suidperl does not get around to
4389 * parsing (and checking) the switches on the #! line, but checks that
4390 * the two sets are identical.
4392 * With SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW, could we use fdscript, also or
4393 * instead, or would that be "too late"? (We never have suidscript, can
4394 * we be sure to have fdscript?)
4396 * Catch things with suidscript (in descendant of suidperl), even with
4397 * right UID/GID. Was already checked in suidperl, with #ifdef IAMSUID,
4398 * below; but I am paranoid.
4400 * Also see comments about root running a setuid script, elsewhere.
4402 if (suidscript >= 0)
4403 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed with (suid) fdscript", message);
4405 /* PSz 11 Nov 03 Catch it in suidperl, always! */
4406 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed in suidperl", message);
4407 #endif /* IAMSUID */
4411 Perl_init_debugger(pTHX)
4414 HV * const ostash = PL_curstash;
4416 PL_curstash = PL_debstash;
4417 PL_dbargs = GvAV(gv_AVadd((gv_fetchpvs("DB::args", GV_ADDMULTI,
4419 AvREAL_off(PL_dbargs);
4420 PL_DBgv = gv_fetchpvs("DB::DB", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVGV);
4421 PL_DBline = gv_fetchpvs("DB::dbline", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVAV);
4422 PL_DBsub = gv_HVadd(gv_fetchpvs("DB::sub", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
4423 PL_DBsingle = GvSV((gv_fetchpvs("DB::single", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
4424 sv_setiv(PL_DBsingle, 0);
4425 PL_DBtrace = GvSV((gv_fetchpvs("DB::trace", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
4426 sv_setiv(PL_DBtrace, 0);
4427 PL_DBsignal = GvSV((gv_fetchpvs("DB::signal", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
4428 sv_setiv(PL_DBsignal, 0);
4429 PL_DBassertion = GvSV((gv_fetchpvs("DB::assertion", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
4430 sv_setiv(PL_DBassertion, 0);
4431 PL_curstash = ostash;
4434 #ifndef STRESS_REALLOC
4435 #define REASONABLE(size) (size)
4437 #define REASONABLE(size) (1) /* unreasonable */
4441 Perl_init_stacks(pTHX)
4444 /* start with 128-item stack and 8K cxstack */
4445 PL_curstackinfo = new_stackinfo(REASONABLE(128),
4446 REASONABLE(8192/sizeof(PERL_CONTEXT) - 1));
4447 PL_curstackinfo->si_type = PERLSI_MAIN;
4448 PL_curstack = PL_curstackinfo->si_stack;
4449 PL_mainstack = PL_curstack; /* remember in case we switch stacks */
4451 PL_stack_base = AvARRAY(PL_curstack);
4452 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base;
4453 PL_stack_max = PL_stack_base + AvMAX(PL_curstack);
4455 Newx(PL_tmps_stack,REASONABLE(128),SV*);
4458 PL_tmps_max = REASONABLE(128);
4460 Newx(PL_markstack,REASONABLE(32),I32);
4461 PL_markstack_ptr = PL_markstack;
4462 PL_markstack_max = PL_markstack + REASONABLE(32);
4466 Newx(PL_scopestack,REASONABLE(32),I32);
4467 PL_scopestack_ix = 0;
4468 PL_scopestack_max = REASONABLE(32);
4470 Newx(PL_savestack,REASONABLE(128),ANY);
4471 PL_savestack_ix = 0;
4472 PL_savestack_max = REASONABLE(128);
4481 while (PL_curstackinfo->si_next)
4482 PL_curstackinfo = PL_curstackinfo->si_next;
4483 while (PL_curstackinfo) {
4484 PERL_SI *p = PL_curstackinfo->si_prev;
4485 /* curstackinfo->si_stack got nuked by sv_free_arenas() */
4486 Safefree(PL_curstackinfo->si_cxstack);
4487 Safefree(PL_curstackinfo);
4488 PL_curstackinfo = p;
4490 Safefree(PL_tmps_stack);
4491 Safefree(PL_markstack);
4492 Safefree(PL_scopestack);
4493 Safefree(PL_savestack);
4503 lex_start(PL_linestr);
4505 PL_subname = newSVpvs("main");
4509 S_init_predump_symbols(pTHX)
4515 sv_setpvn(get_sv("\"", TRUE), " ", 1);
4516 PL_stdingv = gv_fetchpvs("STDIN", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVIO);
4517 GvMULTI_on(PL_stdingv);
4518 io = GvIOp(PL_stdingv);
4519 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_RDONLY;
4520 IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stdin();
4521 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvs("stdin", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV);
4523 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc(io);
4525 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvs("STDOUT", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVIO);
4528 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_WRONLY;
4529 IoOFP(io) = IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stdout();
4531 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvs("stdout", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV);
4533 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc(io);
4535 PL_stderrgv = gv_fetchpvs("STDERR", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVIO);
4536 GvMULTI_on(PL_stderrgv);
4537 io = GvIOp(PL_stderrgv);
4538 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_WRONLY;
4539 IoOFP(io) = IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stderr();
4540 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvs("stderr", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV);
4542 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc(io);
4544 PL_statname = newSV(0); /* last filename we did stat on */
4546 Safefree(PL_osname);
4547 PL_osname = savepv(OSNAME);
4551 Perl_init_argv_symbols(pTHX_ register int argc, register char **argv)
4554 argc--,argv++; /* skip name of script */
4555 if (PL_doswitches) {
4556 for (; argc > 0 && **argv == '-'; argc--,argv++) {
4560 if (argv[0][1] == '-' && !argv[0][2]) {
4564 if ((s = strchr(argv[0], '='))) {
4565 const char *const start_name = argv[0] + 1;
4566 sv_setpv(GvSV(gv_fetchpvn_flags(start_name, s - start_name,
4567 TRUE, SVt_PV)), s + 1);
4570 sv_setiv(GvSV(gv_fetchpv(argv[0]+1, GV_ADD, SVt_PV)),1);
4573 if ((PL_argvgv = gv_fetchpvs("ARGV", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVAV))) {
4574 GvMULTI_on(PL_argvgv);
4575 (void)gv_AVadd(PL_argvgv);
4576 av_clear(GvAVn(PL_argvgv));
4577 for (; argc > 0; argc--,argv++) {
4578 SV * const sv = newSVpv(argv[0],0);
4579 av_push(GvAVn(PL_argvgv),sv);
4580 if (!(PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_LOCALE_FLAG) || PL_utf8locale) {
4581 if (PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_ARGV_FLAG)
4584 if (PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_WIDESYSCALLS_FLAG) /* Sarathy? */
4585 (void)sv_utf8_decode(sv);
4591 S_init_postdump_symbols(pTHX_ register int argc, register char **argv, register char **env)
4596 PL_toptarget = newSV(0);
4597 sv_upgrade(PL_toptarget, SVt_PVFM);
4598 sv_setpvn(PL_toptarget, "", 0);
4599 PL_bodytarget = newSV(0);
4600 sv_upgrade(PL_bodytarget, SVt_PVFM);
4601 sv_setpvn(PL_bodytarget, "", 0);
4602 PL_formtarget = PL_bodytarget;
4606 init_argv_symbols(argc,argv);
4608 if ((tmpgv = gv_fetchpvs("0", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV))) {
4609 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4610 /* $0 is not majick on a Mac */
4611 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv),MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
4613 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv),PL_origfilename);
4614 magicname("0", "0", 1);
4617 if ((PL_envgv = gv_fetchpvs("ENV", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVHV))) {
4619 GvMULTI_on(PL_envgv);
4620 hv = GvHVn(PL_envgv);
4621 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_env);
4623 #ifdef USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY
4624 /* Note that if the supplied env parameter is actually a copy
4625 of the global environ then it may now point to free'd memory
4626 if the environment has been modified since. To avoid this
4627 problem we treat env==NULL as meaning 'use the default'
4632 # ifdef USE_ITHREADS
4633 && PL_curinterp == aTHX
4640 char** origenv = environ;
4643 for (; *env; env++) {
4644 if (!(s = strchr(*env,'=')) || s == *env)
4646 #if defined(MSDOS) && !defined(DJGPP)
4651 sv = newSVpv(s+1, 0);
4652 (void)hv_store(hv, *env, s - *env, sv, 0);
4655 if (origenv != environ) {
4656 /* realloc has shifted us */
4657 env = (env - origenv) + environ;
4662 #endif /* USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY */
4663 #endif /* !PERL_MICRO */
4666 if ((tmpgv = gv_fetchpvs("$", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV))) {
4667 SvREADONLY_off(GvSV(tmpgv));
4668 sv_setiv(GvSV(tmpgv), (IV)PerlProc_getpid());
4669 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(tmpgv));
4671 #ifdef THREADS_HAVE_PIDS
4672 PL_ppid = (IV)getppid();
4675 /* touch @F array to prevent spurious warnings 20020415 MJD */
4677 (void) get_av("main::F", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4679 /* touch @- and @+ arrays to prevent spurious warnings 20020415 MJD */
4680 (void) get_av("main::-", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4681 (void) get_av("main::+", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4685 S_init_perllib(pTHX)
4691 s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL5LIB");
4693 * It isn't possible to delete an environment variable with
4694 * PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV set unless unsetenv() is also available, so in that
4695 * case we treat PERL5LIB as undefined if it has a zero-length value.
4697 #if defined(PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV) && ! defined(HAS_UNSETENV)
4698 if (s && *s != '\0')
4702 incpush(s, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE);
4704 incpush(PerlEnv_getenv("PERLLIB"), FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4706 /* Treat PERL5?LIB as a possible search list logical name -- the
4707 * "natural" VMS idiom for a Unix path string. We allow each
4708 * element to be a set of |-separated directories for compatibility.
4712 if (my_trnlnm("PERL5LIB",buf,0))
4713 do { incpush(buf,TRUE,TRUE,TRUE,FALSE); } while (my_trnlnm("PERL5LIB",buf,++idx));
4715 while (my_trnlnm("PERLLIB",buf,idx++)) incpush(buf,FALSE,FALSE,TRUE,FALSE);
4719 /* Use the ~-expanded versions of APPLLIB (undocumented),
4720 ARCHLIB PRIVLIB SITEARCH SITELIB VENDORARCH and VENDORLIB
4723 incpush(APPLLIB_EXP, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4727 incpush(ARCHLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4729 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4732 SV * privdir = newSV(0);
4733 char * macperl = PerlEnv_getenv("MACPERL");
4738 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ privdir, "%slib:", macperl);
4739 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(privdir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 && S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode))
4740 incpush(SvPVX(privdir), TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4741 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ privdir, "%ssite_perl:", macperl);
4742 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(privdir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 && S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode))
4743 incpush(SvPVX(privdir), TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4745 SvREFCNT_dec(privdir);
4748 incpush(":", FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4751 # define PRIVLIB_EXP "/usr/local/lib/perl5:/usr/local/lib/perl"
4754 incpush(PRIVLIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4756 incpush(PRIVLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4760 /* sitearch is always relative to sitelib on Windows for
4761 * DLL-based path intuition to work correctly */
4762 # if !defined(WIN32)
4763 incpush(SITEARCH_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4769 /* this picks up sitearch as well */
4770 incpush(SITELIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4772 incpush(SITELIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4776 #ifdef SITELIB_STEM /* Search for version-specific dirs below here */
4777 incpush(SITELIB_STEM, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4780 #ifdef PERL_VENDORARCH_EXP
4781 /* vendorarch is always relative to vendorlib on Windows for
4782 * DLL-based path intuition to work correctly */
4783 # if !defined(WIN32)
4784 incpush(PERL_VENDORARCH_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4788 #ifdef PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP
4790 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE); /* this picks up vendorarch as well */
4792 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4796 #ifdef PERL_VENDORLIB_STEM /* Search for version-specific dirs below here */
4797 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_STEM, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4800 #ifdef PERL_OTHERLIBDIRS
4801 incpush(PERL_OTHERLIBDIRS, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4805 incpush(".", FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4806 #endif /* MACOS_TRADITIONAL */
4809 #if defined(DOSISH) || defined(EPOC) || defined(__SYMBIAN32__)
4810 # define PERLLIB_SEP ';'
4813 # define PERLLIB_SEP '|'
4815 # if defined(MACOS_TRADITIONAL)
4816 # define PERLLIB_SEP ','
4818 # define PERLLIB_SEP ':'
4822 #ifndef PERLLIB_MANGLE
4823 # define PERLLIB_MANGLE(s,n) (s)
4826 /* Push a directory onto @INC if it exists.
4827 Generate a new SV if we do this, to save needing to copy the SV we push
4830 S_incpush_if_exists(pTHX_ SV *dir)
4834 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX_const(dir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 &&
4835 S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode)) {
4836 av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), dir);
4843 S_incpush(pTHX_ const char *dir, bool addsubdirs, bool addoldvers, bool usesep,
4848 const char *p = dir;
4853 if (addsubdirs || addoldvers) {
4857 /* Break at all separators */
4859 SV *libdir = newSV(0);
4862 /* skip any consecutive separators */
4864 while ( *p == PERLLIB_SEP ) {
4865 /* Uncomment the next line for PATH semantics */
4866 /* av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), newSVpvs(".")); */
4871 if ( usesep && (s = strchr(p, PERLLIB_SEP)) != NULL ) {
4872 sv_setpvn(libdir, PERLLIB_MANGLE(p, (STRLEN)(s - p)),
4877 sv_setpv(libdir, PERLLIB_MANGLE(p, 0));
4878 p = NULL; /* break out */
4880 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4881 if (!strchr(SvPVX(libdir), ':')) {
4884 sv_setpv(libdir, MacPerl_CanonDir(SvPVX(libdir), buf, 0));
4886 if (SvPVX(libdir)[SvCUR(libdir)-1] != ':')
4887 sv_catpvs(libdir, ":");
4890 /* Do the if() outside the #ifdef to avoid warnings about an unused
4893 #ifdef PERL_RELOCATABLE_INC
4895 * Relocatable include entries are marked with a leading .../
4898 * 0: Remove that leading ".../"
4899 * 1: Remove trailing executable name (anything after the last '/')
4900 * from the perl path to give a perl prefix
4902 * While the @INC element starts "../" and the prefix ends with a real
4903 * directory (ie not . or ..) chop that real directory off the prefix
4904 * and the leading "../" from the @INC element. ie a logical "../"
4906 * Finally concatenate the prefix and the remainder of the @INC element
4907 * The intent is that /usr/local/bin/perl and .../../lib/perl5
4908 * generates /usr/local/lib/perl5
4910 const char *libpath = SvPVX(libdir);
4911 STRLEN libpath_len = SvCUR(libdir);
4912 if (libpath_len >= 4 && memEQ (libpath, ".../", 4)) {
4914 SV * const caret_X = get_sv("\030", 0);
4915 /* Going to use the SV just as a scratch buffer holding a C
4921 /* $^X is *the* source of taint if tainting is on, hence
4922 SvPOK() won't be true. */
4924 assert(SvPOKp(caret_X));
4925 prefix_sv = newSVpvn(SvPVX(caret_X), SvCUR(caret_X));
4926 /* Firstly take off the leading .../
4927 If all else fail we'll do the paths relative to the current
4929 sv_chop(libdir, libpath + 4);
4930 /* Don't use SvPV as we're intentionally bypassing taining,
4931 mortal copies that the mg_get of tainting creates, and
4932 corruption that seems to come via the save stack.
4933 I guess that the save stack isn't correctly set up yet. */
4934 libpath = SvPVX(libdir);
4935 libpath_len = SvCUR(libdir);
4937 /* This would work more efficiently with memrchr, but as it's
4938 only a GNU extension we'd need to probe for it and
4939 implement our own. Not hard, but maybe not worth it? */
4941 prefix = SvPVX(prefix_sv);
4942 lastslash = strrchr(prefix, '/');
4944 /* First time in with the *lastslash = '\0' we just wipe off
4945 the trailing /perl from (say) /usr/foo/bin/perl
4949 while ((*lastslash = '\0'), /* Do that, come what may. */
4950 (libpath_len >= 3 && memEQ(libpath, "../", 3)
4951 && (lastslash = strrchr(prefix, '/')))) {
4952 if (lastslash[1] == '\0'
4953 || (lastslash[1] == '.'
4954 && (lastslash[2] == '/' /* ends "/." */
4955 || (lastslash[2] == '/'
4956 && lastslash[3] == '/' /* or "/.." */
4958 /* Prefix ends "/" or "/." or "/..", any of which
4959 are fishy, so don't do any more logical cleanup.
4963 /* Remove leading "../" from path */
4966 /* Next iteration round the loop removes the last
4967 directory name from prefix by writing a '\0' in
4968 the while clause. */
4970 /* prefix has been terminated with a '\0' to the correct
4971 length. libpath points somewhere into the libdir SV.
4972 We need to join the 2 with '/' and drop the result into
4974 tempsv = Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "%s/%s", prefix, libpath);
4975 SvREFCNT_dec(libdir);
4976 /* And this is the new libdir. */
4979 (PL_uid != PL_euid || PL_gid != PL_egid)) {
4980 /* Need to taint reloccated paths if running set ID */
4981 SvTAINTED_on(libdir);
4984 SvREFCNT_dec(prefix_sv);
4989 * BEFORE pushing libdir onto @INC we may first push version- and
4990 * archname-specific sub-directories.
4992 if (addsubdirs || addoldvers) {
4993 #ifdef PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST
4994 /* Configure terminates PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST with a NULL */
4995 const char * const incverlist[] = { PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST };
4996 const char * const *incver;
5002 if ((unix = tounixspec_ts(SvPV(libdir,len),NULL)) != NULL) {
5004 while (unix[len-1] == '/') len--; /* Cosmetic */
5005 sv_usepvn(libdir,unix,len);
5008 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log,
5009 "Failed to unixify @INC element \"%s\"\n",
5013 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
5014 #define PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT ""
5015 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT "%s:"
5016 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_FS_VER_FMT PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT
5018 #define PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT "/"
5019 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT "/%s"
5020 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT PERL_FS_VER_FMT
5022 /* .../version/archname if -d .../version/archname */
5023 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_ARCH_FMT,
5025 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
5026 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION, ARCHNAME);
5027 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
5029 /* .../version if -d .../version */
5030 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH, libdir,
5031 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
5032 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION);
5033 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
5035 /* .../archname if -d .../archname */
5036 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT, libdir, ARCHNAME);
5037 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
5041 #ifdef PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST
5043 for (incver = incverlist; *incver; incver++) {
5044 /* .../xxx if -d .../xxx */
5045 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT, libdir, *incver);
5046 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
5052 /* finally push this lib directory on the end of @INC */
5053 av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), libdir);
5056 assert (SvREFCNT(subdir) == 1);
5057 SvREFCNT_dec(subdir);
5061 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
5062 STATIC struct perl_thread *
5063 S_init_main_thread(pTHX)
5065 #if !defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
5066 struct perl_thread *thr;
5070 Newxz(thr, 1, struct perl_thread);
5071 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
5072 thr->interp = PERL_GET_INTERP;
5073 thr->cvcache = newHV();
5074 thr->threadsv = newAV();
5075 /* thr->threadsvp is set when find_threadsv is called */
5076 thr->specific = newAV();
5077 thr->flags = THRf_R_JOINABLE;
5078 MUTEX_INIT(&thr->mutex);
5079 /* Handcraft thrsv similarly to mess_sv */
5080 Newx(PL_thrsv, 1, SV);
5082 SvFLAGS(PL_thrsv) = SVt_PV;
5083 SvANY(PL_thrsv) = (void*)xpv;
5084 SvREFCNT(PL_thrsv) = 1 << 30; /* practically infinite */
5085 SvPV_set(PL_thrsvr, (char*)thr);
5086 SvCUR_set(PL_thrsv, sizeof(thr));
5087 SvLEN_set(PL_thrsv, sizeof(thr));
5088 *SvEND(PL_thrsv) = '\0'; /* in the trailing_nul field */
5089 thr->oursv = PL_thrsv;
5090 PL_chopset = " \n-";
5093 MUTEX_LOCK(&PL_threads_mutex);
5099 MUTEX_UNLOCK(&PL_threads_mutex);
5101 #ifdef HAVE_THREAD_INTERN
5102 Perl_init_thread_intern(thr);
5105 #ifdef SET_THREAD_SELF
5106 SET_THREAD_SELF(thr);
5108 thr->self = pthread_self();
5109 #endif /* SET_THREAD_SELF */
5113 * These must come after the thread self setting
5114 * because sv_setpvn does SvTAINT and the taint
5115 * fields thread selfness being set.
5117 PL_toptarget = newSV(0);
5118 sv_upgrade(PL_toptarget, SVt_PVFM);
5119 sv_setpvn(PL_toptarget, "", 0);
5120 PL_bodytarget = newSV(0);
5121 sv_upgrade(PL_bodytarget, SVt_PVFM);
5122 sv_setpvn(PL_bodytarget, "", 0);
5123 PL_formtarget = PL_bodytarget;
5124 thr->errsv = newSVpvs("");
5125 (void) find_threadsv("@"); /* Ensure $@ is initialised early */
5128 PL_peepp = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_peep);
5129 PL_regcompp = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_pregcomp);
5130 PL_regexecp = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_regexec_flags);
5131 PL_regint_start = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_re_intuit_start);
5132 PL_regint_string = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_re_intuit_string);
5133 PL_regfree = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_pregfree);
5135 PL_reginterp_cnt = 0;
5139 #endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
5142 Perl_call_list(pTHX_ I32 oldscope, AV *paramList)
5146 const line_t oldline = CopLINE(PL_curcop);
5152 while (av_len(paramList) >= 0) {
5153 cv = (CV*)av_shift(paramList);
5155 if (paramList == PL_beginav) {
5156 /* save PL_beginav for compiler */
5157 if (! PL_beginav_save)
5158 PL_beginav_save = newAV();
5159 av_push(PL_beginav_save, (SV*)cv);
5161 else if (paramList == PL_checkav) {
5162 /* save PL_checkav for compiler */
5163 if (! PL_checkav_save)
5164 PL_checkav_save = newAV();
5165 av_push(PL_checkav_save, (SV*)cv);
5175 (void)SvPV_const(atsv, len);
5177 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
5178 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
5179 if (paramList == PL_beginav)
5180 sv_catpvs(atsv, "BEGIN failed--compilation aborted");
5182 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ atsv,
5183 "%s failed--call queue aborted",
5184 paramList == PL_checkav ? "CHECK"
5185 : paramList == PL_initav ? "INIT"
5187 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
5190 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%"SVf"", atsv);
5197 /* my_exit() was called */
5198 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
5201 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
5202 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
5203 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
5205 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED)) {
5206 if (paramList == PL_beginav)
5207 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "BEGIN failed--compilation aborted");
5209 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s failed--call queue aborted",
5210 paramList == PL_checkav ? "CHECK"
5211 : paramList == PL_initav ? "INIT"
5218 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
5219 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
5222 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: restartop\n");
5231 S_call_list_body(pTHX_ CV *cv)
5234 PUSHMARK(PL_stack_sp);
5235 call_sv((SV*)cv, G_EVAL|G_DISCARD);
5240 Perl_my_exit(pTHX_ U32 status)
5243 DEBUG_S(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "my_exit: thread %p, status %lu\n",
5244 thr, (unsigned long) status));
5253 STATUS_EXIT_SET(status);
5260 Perl_my_failure_exit(pTHX)
5264 /* We have been called to fall on our sword. The desired exit code
5265 * should be already set in STATUS_UNIX, but could be shifted over
5266 * by 8 bits. STATUS_UNIX_EXIT_SET will handle the cases where a
5269 * If an error code has not been set, then force the issue.
5271 if (MY_POSIX_EXIT) {
5273 /* In POSIX_EXIT mode follow Perl documentations and use 255 for
5274 * the exit code when there isn't an error.
5277 if (STATUS_UNIX == 0)
5278 STATUS_UNIX_EXIT_SET(255);
5280 STATUS_UNIX_EXIT_SET(STATUS_UNIX);
5282 /* The exit code could have been set by $? or vmsish which
5283 * means that it may not be fatal. So convert
5284 * success/warning codes to fatal.
5286 if ((STATUS_NATIVE & (STS$K_SEVERE|STS$K_ERROR)) == 0)
5287 STATUS_UNIX_EXIT_SET(255);
5291 /* Traditionally Perl on VMS always expects a Fatal Error. */
5292 if (vaxc$errno & 1) {
5294 /* So force success status to failure */
5295 if (STATUS_NATIVE & 1)
5300 STATUS_UNIX = EINTR; /* In case something cares */
5305 STATUS_NATIVE = vaxc$errno; /* Should already be this */
5307 /* Encode the severity code */
5308 severity = STATUS_NATIVE & STS$M_SEVERITY;
5309 STATUS_UNIX = (severity ? severity : 1) << 8;
5311 /* Perl expects this to be a fatal error */
5312 if (severity != STS$K_SEVERE)
5321 STATUS_UNIX_SET(errno);
5323 exitstatus = STATUS_UNIX >> 8;
5324 if (exitstatus & 255)
5325 STATUS_UNIX_SET(exitstatus);
5327 STATUS_UNIX_SET(255);
5334 S_my_exit_jump(pTHX)
5337 register PERL_CONTEXT *cx;
5342 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
5346 POPSTACK_TO(PL_mainstack);
5347 if (cxstack_ix >= 0) {
5350 POPBLOCK(cx,PL_curpm);
5355 PERL_UNUSED_VAR(gimme);
5356 PERL_UNUSED_VAR(newsp);
5360 read_e_script(pTHX_ int idx, SV *buf_sv, int maxlen)
5363 const char * const p = SvPVX_const(PL_e_script);
5364 const char *nl = strchr(p, '\n');
5366 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(idx);
5367 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(maxlen);
5369 nl = (nl) ? nl+1 : SvEND(PL_e_script);
5371 filter_del(read_e_script);
5374 sv_catpvn(buf_sv, p, nl-p);
5375 sv_chop(PL_e_script, nl);
5381 * c-indentation-style: bsd
5383 * indent-tabs-mode: t
5386 * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 noet: