3 * Copyright (C) 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
4 * 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * "A ship then new they built for him/of mithril and of elven glass" --Bilbo
15 /* This file contains the top-level functions that are used to create, use
16 * and destroy a perl interpreter, plus the functions used by XS code to
17 * call back into perl. Note that it does not contain the actual main()
18 * function of the interpreter; that can be found in perlmain.c
23 * Be proud that perl(1) may proclaim:
24 * Setuid Perl scripts are safer than C programs ...
25 * Do not abandon (deprecate) suidperl. Do not advocate C wrappers.
27 * The flow was: perl starts, notices script is suid, execs suidperl with same
28 * arguments; suidperl opens script, checks many things, sets itself with
29 * right UID, execs perl with similar arguments but with script pre-opened on
30 * /dev/fd/xxx; perl checks script is as should be and does work. This was
31 * insecure: see perlsec(1) for many problems with this approach.
33 * The "correct" flow should be: perl starts, opens script and notices it is
34 * suid, checks many things, execs suidperl with similar arguments but with
35 * script on /dev/fd/xxx; suidperl checks script and /dev/fd/xxx object are
36 * same, checks arguments match #! line, sets itself with right UID, execs
37 * perl with same arguments; perl checks many things and does work.
39 * (Opening the script in perl instead of suidperl, we "lose" scripts that
40 * are readable to the target UID but not to the invoker. Where did
41 * unreadable scripts work anyway?)
43 * For now, suidperl and perl are pretty much the same large and cumbersome
44 * program, so suidperl can check its argument list (see comments elsewhere).
47 * Original bug report:
48 * http://bugs.perl.org/index.html?req=bug_id&bug_id=20010322.218
49 * http://rt.perl.org/rt2/Ticket/Display.html?id=6511
50 * Comments and discussion with Debian:
51 * http://bugs.debian.org/203426
52 * http://bugs.debian.org/220486
53 * Debian Security Advisory DSA 431-1 (does not fully fix problem):
54 * http://www.debian.org/security/2004/dsa-431
56 * http://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CAN-2003-0618
57 * Previous versions of this patch sent to perl5-porters:
58 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg71953.html
59 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75245.html
60 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75563.html
61 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75635.html
63 Paul Szabo - psz@maths.usyd.edu.au http://www.maths.usyd.edu.au:8000/u/psz/
64 School of Mathematics and Statistics University of Sydney 2006 Australia
68 * Use truthful, neat, specific error messages.
69 * Cannot always hide the truth; security must not depend on doing so.
73 * Use global(?), thread-local fdscript for easier checks.
74 * (I do not understand how we could possibly get a thread race:
75 * do not all threads go through the same initialization? Or in
76 * fact, are not threads started only after we get the script and
77 * so know what to do? Oh well, make things super-safe...)
81 #define PERL_IN_PERL_C
83 #include "patchlevel.h" /* for local_patches */
87 char *nw_get_sitelib(const char *pl);
90 /* XXX If this causes problems, set i_unistd=undef in the hint file. */
107 #if !defined(STANDARD_C) && !defined(HAS_GETENV_PROTOTYPE) && !defined(PERL_MICRO)
108 char *getenv (char *); /* Usually in <stdlib.h> */
111 static I32 read_e_script(pTHX_ int idx, SV *buf_sv, int maxlen);
119 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
126 S_init_tls_and_interp(PerlInterpreter *my_perl)
129 PERL_SET_INTERP(my_perl);
130 #if defined(USE_ITHREADS)
133 PERL_SET_THX(my_perl);
135 MUTEX_INIT(&PL_dollarzero_mutex);
139 PERL_SET_THX(my_perl);
143 #ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
145 perl_alloc_using(struct IPerlMem* ipM, struct IPerlMem* ipMS,
146 struct IPerlMem* ipMP, struct IPerlEnv* ipE,
147 struct IPerlStdIO* ipStd, struct IPerlLIO* ipLIO,
148 struct IPerlDir* ipD, struct IPerlSock* ipS,
149 struct IPerlProc* ipP)
151 PerlInterpreter *my_perl;
152 /* New() needs interpreter, so call malloc() instead */
153 my_perl = (PerlInterpreter*)(*ipM->pMalloc)(ipM, sizeof(PerlInterpreter));
154 S_init_tls_and_interp(my_perl);
155 Zero(my_perl, 1, PerlInterpreter);
171 =head1 Embedding Functions
173 =for apidoc perl_alloc
175 Allocates a new Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
183 PerlInterpreter *my_perl;
185 /* New() needs interpreter, so call malloc() instead */
186 my_perl = (PerlInterpreter*)PerlMem_malloc(sizeof(PerlInterpreter));
188 S_init_tls_and_interp(my_perl);
189 return ZeroD(my_perl, 1, PerlInterpreter);
191 #endif /* PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS */
194 =for apidoc perl_construct
196 Initializes a new Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
202 perl_construct(pTHXx)
206 PL_perl_destruct_level = 1;
208 if (PL_perl_destruct_level > 0)
211 /* Init the real globals (and main thread)? */
213 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling; /* needed by ckWARN, right away */
215 PL_linestr = NEWSV(65,79);
216 sv_upgrade(PL_linestr,SVt_PVIV);
218 if (!SvREADONLY(&PL_sv_undef)) {
219 /* set read-only and try to insure than we wont see REFCNT==0
222 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_undef);
223 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_undef) = (~(U32)0)/2;
225 sv_setpv(&PL_sv_no,PL_No);
226 /* value lookup in void context - happens to have the side effect
227 of caching the numeric forms. */
230 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_no);
231 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_no) = (~(U32)0)/2;
233 sv_setpv(&PL_sv_yes,PL_Yes);
236 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_yes);
237 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_yes) = (~(U32)0)/2;
239 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_placeholder);
240 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_placeholder) = (~(U32)0)/2;
243 PL_sighandlerp = Perl_sighandler;
244 PL_pidstatus = newHV();
247 PL_rs = newSVpvn("\n", 1);
252 PL_lex_state = LEX_NOTPARSING;
258 SET_NUMERIC_STANDARD();
260 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
261 PL_localpatches = local_patches; /* For possible -v */
264 #ifdef HAVE_INTERP_INTERN
268 PerlIO_init(aTHX); /* Hook to IO system */
270 PL_fdpid = newAV(); /* for remembering popen pids by fd */
271 PL_modglobal = newHV(); /* pointers to per-interpreter module globals */
272 PL_errors = newSVpvn("",0);
273 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(0), "", 0); /* For regex debugging. */
274 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(1), "", 0); /* ext/re needs these */
275 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(2), "", 0); /* even without DEBUGGING. */
277 PL_regex_padav = newAV();
278 av_push(PL_regex_padav,(SV*)newAV()); /* First entry is an array of empty elements */
279 PL_regex_pad = AvARRAY(PL_regex_padav);
281 #ifdef USE_REENTRANT_API
282 Perl_reentrant_init(aTHX);
285 /* Note that strtab is a rather special HV. Assumptions are made
286 about not iterating on it, and not adding tie magic to it.
287 It is properly deallocated in perl_destruct() */
290 HvSHAREKEYS_off(PL_strtab); /* mandatory */
291 hv_ksplit(PL_strtab, 512);
293 #if defined(__DYNAMIC__) && (defined(NeXT) || defined(__NeXT__))
294 _dyld_lookup_and_bind
295 ("__environ", (unsigned long *) &environ_pointer, NULL);
299 # ifdef USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY
300 PL_origenviron = environ;
304 /* Use sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK) if available, if not
305 * available or if the sysconf() fails, use the HZ.
306 * BeOS has those, but returns the wrong value. */
307 #if defined(HAS_SYSCONF) && defined(_SC_CLK_TCK) && !defined(__BEOS__)
308 PL_clocktick = sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK);
309 if (PL_clocktick <= 0)
313 PL_stashcache = newHV();
315 PL_patchlevel = newSVpv(
316 Perl_form(aTHX_ "%d.%d.%d",
319 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION ), 0
326 =for apidoc nothreadhook
328 Stub that provides thread hook for perl_destruct when there are
335 Perl_nothreadhook(pTHX)
341 =for apidoc perl_destruct
343 Shuts down a Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
351 volatile int destruct_level; /* 0=none, 1=full, 2=full with checks */
354 /* wait for all pseudo-forked children to finish */
355 PERL_WAIT_FOR_CHILDREN;
357 destruct_level = PL_perl_destruct_level;
361 if ((s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL"))) {
363 if (destruct_level < i)
370 if(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_DESTRUCT_END) {
375 if (PL_endav && !PL_minus_c)
376 call_list(PL_scopestack_ix, PL_endav);
382 /* Need to flush since END blocks can produce output */
385 if (CALL_FPTR(PL_threadhook)(aTHX)) {
386 /* Threads hook has vetoed further cleanup */
387 return STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
390 /* We must account for everything. */
392 /* Destroy the main CV and syntax tree */
394 /* ensure comppad/curpad to refer to main's pad */
395 if (CvPADLIST(PL_main_cv)) {
396 PAD_SET_CUR_NOSAVE(CvPADLIST(PL_main_cv), 1);
398 op_free(PL_main_root);
399 PL_main_root = Nullop;
401 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
402 PL_main_start = Nullop;
403 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_main_cv);
407 /* Tell PerlIO we are about to tear things apart in case
408 we have layers which are using resources that should
412 PerlIO_destruct(aTHX);
414 if (PL_sv_objcount) {
416 * Try to destruct global references. We do this first so that the
417 * destructors and destructees still exist. Some sv's might remain.
418 * Non-referenced objects are on their own.
424 /* unhook hooks which will soon be, or use, destroyed data */
425 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_warnhook);
426 PL_warnhook = Nullsv;
427 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_diehook);
430 /* call exit list functions */
431 while (PL_exitlistlen-- > 0)
432 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].fn(aTHX_ PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].ptr);
434 Safefree(PL_exitlist);
439 if (destruct_level == 0){
441 DEBUG_P(debprofdump());
443 #if defined(PERLIO_LAYERS)
444 /* No more IO - including error messages ! */
445 PerlIO_cleanup(aTHX);
448 /* The exit() function will do everything that needs doing. */
449 return STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
452 /* jettison our possibly duplicated environment */
453 /* if PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV is defined environ will not have been copied
454 * so we certainly shouldn't free it here
457 #if defined(USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY) && !defined(PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV)
458 if (environ != PL_origenviron && !PL_use_safe_putenv
460 /* only main thread can free environ[0] contents */
461 && PL_curinterp == aTHX
467 for (i = 0; environ[i]; i++)
468 safesysfree(environ[i]);
470 /* Must use safesysfree() when working with environ. */
471 safesysfree(environ);
473 environ = PL_origenviron;
476 #endif /* !PERL_MICRO */
478 /* reset so print() ends up where we expect */
482 /* the syntax tree is shared between clones
483 * so op_free(PL_main_root) only ReREFCNT_dec's
484 * REGEXPs in the parent interpreter
485 * we need to manually ReREFCNT_dec for the clones
488 I32 i = AvFILLp(PL_regex_padav) + 1;
489 SV **ary = AvARRAY(PL_regex_padav);
493 REGEXP *re = INT2PTR(REGEXP *,SvIVX(resv));
495 if (SvFLAGS(resv) & SVf_BREAK) {
496 /* this is PL_reg_curpm, already freed
497 * flag is set in regexec.c:S_regtry
499 SvFLAGS(resv) &= ~SVf_BREAK;
501 else if(SvREPADTMP(resv)) {
502 SvREPADTMP_off(resv);
509 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_regex_padav);
510 PL_regex_padav = Nullav;
514 SvREFCNT_dec((SV*) PL_stashcache);
515 PL_stashcache = NULL;
517 /* loosen bonds of global variables */
520 (void)PerlIO_close(PL_rsfp);
524 /* Filters for program text */
525 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rsfp_filters);
526 PL_rsfp_filters = Nullav;
529 PL_preprocess = FALSE;
535 PL_doswitches = FALSE;
536 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_OFF;
537 PL_doextract = FALSE;
538 PL_sawampersand = FALSE; /* must save all match strings */
541 Safefree(PL_inplace);
543 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_patchlevel);
546 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
547 PL_e_script = Nullsv;
552 /* magical thingies */
554 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ofs_sv); /* $, */
557 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ors_sv); /* $\ */
560 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rs); /* $/ */
563 PL_multiline = 0; /* $* */
564 Safefree(PL_osname); /* $^O */
567 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_statname);
568 PL_statname = Nullsv;
571 /* defgv, aka *_ should be taken care of elsewhere */
573 /* clean up after study() */
574 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_lastscream);
575 PL_lastscream = Nullsv;
576 Safefree(PL_screamfirst);
578 Safefree(PL_screamnext);
582 Safefree(PL_efloatbuf);
583 PL_efloatbuf = Nullch;
586 /* startup and shutdown function lists */
587 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_beginav);
588 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_beginav_save);
589 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_endav);
590 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_checkav);
591 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_checkav_save);
592 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_initav);
594 PL_beginav_save = Nullav;
597 PL_checkav_save = Nullav;
600 /* shortcuts just get cleared */
606 PL_argvoutgv = Nullgv;
608 PL_stderrgv = Nullgv;
609 PL_last_in_gv = Nullgv;
614 PL_DBsingle = Nullsv;
616 PL_DBsignal = Nullsv;
617 PL_DBassertion = Nullsv;
620 PL_debstash = Nullhv;
622 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_argvout_stack);
623 PL_argvout_stack = Nullav;
625 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_modglobal);
626 PL_modglobal = Nullhv;
627 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_preambleav);
628 PL_preambleav = Nullav;
629 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_subname);
631 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_linestr);
633 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_pidstatus);
634 PL_pidstatus = Nullhv;
635 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_toptarget);
636 PL_toptarget = Nullsv;
637 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_bodytarget);
638 PL_bodytarget = Nullsv;
639 PL_formtarget = Nullsv;
641 /* free locale stuff */
642 #ifdef USE_LOCALE_COLLATE
643 Safefree(PL_collation_name);
644 PL_collation_name = Nullch;
647 #ifdef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC
648 Safefree(PL_numeric_name);
649 PL_numeric_name = Nullch;
650 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_numeric_radix_sv);
651 PL_numeric_radix_sv = Nullsv;
654 /* clear utf8 character classes */
655 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alnum);
656 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alnumc);
657 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_ascii);
658 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alpha);
659 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_space);
660 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_cntrl);
661 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_graph);
662 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_digit);
663 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_upper);
664 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_lower);
665 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_print);
666 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_punct);
667 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_xdigit);
668 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_mark);
669 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_toupper);
670 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_totitle);
671 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_tolower);
672 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_tofold);
673 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_idstart);
674 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_idcont);
675 PL_utf8_alnum = Nullsv;
676 PL_utf8_alnumc = Nullsv;
677 PL_utf8_ascii = Nullsv;
678 PL_utf8_alpha = Nullsv;
679 PL_utf8_space = Nullsv;
680 PL_utf8_cntrl = Nullsv;
681 PL_utf8_graph = Nullsv;
682 PL_utf8_digit = Nullsv;
683 PL_utf8_upper = Nullsv;
684 PL_utf8_lower = Nullsv;
685 PL_utf8_print = Nullsv;
686 PL_utf8_punct = Nullsv;
687 PL_utf8_xdigit = Nullsv;
688 PL_utf8_mark = Nullsv;
689 PL_utf8_toupper = Nullsv;
690 PL_utf8_totitle = Nullsv;
691 PL_utf8_tolower = Nullsv;
692 PL_utf8_tofold = Nullsv;
693 PL_utf8_idstart = Nullsv;
694 PL_utf8_idcont = Nullsv;
696 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
697 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
698 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = Nullsv;
699 if (!specialCopIO(PL_compiling.cop_io))
700 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_io);
701 PL_compiling.cop_io = Nullsv;
702 CopFILE_free(&PL_compiling);
703 CopSTASH_free(&PL_compiling);
705 /* Prepare to destruct main symbol table. */
710 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_curstname);
711 PL_curstname = Nullsv;
713 /* clear queued errors */
714 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_errors);
718 if (destruct_level >= 2 && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL)) {
719 if (PL_scopestack_ix != 0)
720 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
721 "Unbalanced scopes: %ld more ENTERs than LEAVEs\n",
722 (long)PL_scopestack_ix);
723 if (PL_savestack_ix != 0)
724 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
725 "Unbalanced saves: %ld more saves than restores\n",
726 (long)PL_savestack_ix);
727 if (PL_tmps_floor != -1)
728 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Unbalanced tmps: %ld more allocs than frees\n",
729 (long)PL_tmps_floor + 1);
730 if (cxstack_ix != -1)
731 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Unbalanced context: %ld more PUSHes than POPs\n",
732 (long)cxstack_ix + 1);
735 /* Now absolutely destruct everything, somehow or other, loops or no. */
736 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) |= SVTYPEMASK; /* don't clean out pid table now */
737 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) |= SVTYPEMASK; /* don't clean out strtab now */
739 /* the 2 is for PL_fdpid and PL_strtab */
740 while (PL_sv_count > 2 && sv_clean_all())
743 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) &= ~SVTYPEMASK;
744 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) |= SVt_PVAV;
745 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) &= ~SVTYPEMASK;
746 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) |= SVt_PVHV;
748 AvREAL_off(PL_fdpid); /* no surviving entries */
749 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_fdpid); /* needed in io_close() */
752 #ifdef HAVE_INTERP_INTERN
756 /* Destruct the global string table. */
758 /* Yell and reset the HeVAL() slots that are still holding refcounts,
759 * so that sv_free() won't fail on them.
767 max = HvMAX(PL_strtab);
768 array = HvARRAY(PL_strtab);
771 if (hent && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL)) {
772 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
773 "Unbalanced string table refcount: (%d) for \"%s\"",
774 HeVAL(hent) - Nullsv, HeKEY(hent));
775 HeVAL(hent) = Nullsv;
785 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_strtab);
788 /* free the pointer table used for cloning */
789 ptr_table_free(PL_ptr_table);
790 PL_ptr_table = (PTR_TBL_t*)NULL;
793 /* free special SVs */
795 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_yes) = 0;
796 sv_clear(&PL_sv_yes);
797 SvANY(&PL_sv_yes) = NULL;
798 SvFLAGS(&PL_sv_yes) = 0;
800 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_no) = 0;
802 SvANY(&PL_sv_no) = NULL;
803 SvFLAGS(&PL_sv_no) = 0;
807 for (i=0; i<=2; i++) {
808 SvREFCNT(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = 0;
809 sv_clear(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i));
810 SvANY(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = NULL;
811 SvFLAGS(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = 0;
815 if (PL_sv_count != 0 && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
816 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Scalars leaked: %ld\n", (long)PL_sv_count);
818 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS
819 if (PL_sv_count != 0) {
824 for (sva = PL_sv_arenaroot; sva; sva = (SV*)SvANY(sva)) {
825 svend = &sva[SvREFCNT(sva)];
826 for (sv = sva + 1; sv < svend; ++sv) {
827 if (SvTYPE(sv) != SVTYPEMASK) {
828 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "leaked: sv=0x%p"
830 " refcnt=%"UVuf pTHX__FORMAT "\n",
831 sv, sv->sv_flags, sv->sv_refcnt pTHX__VALUE);
840 #if defined(PERLIO_LAYERS)
841 /* No more IO - including error messages ! */
842 PerlIO_cleanup(aTHX);
845 /* sv_undef needs to stay immortal until after PerlIO_cleanup
846 as currently layers use it rather than Nullsv as a marker
847 for no arg - and will try and SvREFCNT_dec it.
849 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_undef) = 0;
850 SvREADONLY_off(&PL_sv_undef);
852 Safefree(PL_origfilename);
853 PL_origfilename = Nullch;
854 Safefree(PL_reg_start_tmp);
855 PL_reg_start_tmp = (char**)NULL;
856 PL_reg_start_tmpl = 0;
858 Safefree(PL_reg_curpm);
859 Safefree(PL_reg_poscache);
861 Safefree(PL_op_mask);
862 Safefree(PL_psig_ptr);
863 PL_psig_ptr = (SV**)NULL;
864 Safefree(PL_psig_name);
865 PL_psig_name = (SV**)NULL;
866 Safefree(PL_bitcount);
867 PL_bitcount = Nullch;
868 Safefree(PL_psig_pend);
869 PL_psig_pend = (int*)NULL;
870 PL_formfeed = Nullsv;
875 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
876 PL_hints = 0; /* Reset hints. Should hints be per-interpreter ? */
879 DEBUG_P(debprofdump());
881 #ifdef USE_REENTRANT_API
882 Perl_reentrant_free(aTHX);
887 /* As the absolutely last thing, free the non-arena SV for mess() */
890 /* it could have accumulated taint magic */
891 if (SvTYPE(PL_mess_sv) >= SVt_PVMG) {
894 for (mg = SvMAGIC(PL_mess_sv); mg; mg = moremagic) {
895 moremagic = mg->mg_moremagic;
896 if (mg->mg_ptr && mg->mg_type != PERL_MAGIC_regex_global
898 Safefree(mg->mg_ptr);
902 /* we know that type >= SVt_PV */
903 SvOOK_off(PL_mess_sv);
904 Safefree(SvPVX(PL_mess_sv));
905 Safefree(SvANY(PL_mess_sv));
906 Safefree(PL_mess_sv);
909 return STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
913 =for apidoc perl_free
915 Releases a Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
923 #if defined(WIN32) || defined(NETWARE)
924 # if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS)
926 void *host = nw_internal_host;
928 void *host = w32_internal_host;
932 nw_delete_internal_host(host);
934 win32_delete_internal_host(host);
944 #if defined(USE_5005THREADS) || defined(USE_ITHREADS)
945 /* provide destructors to clean up the thread key when libperl is unloaded */
946 #ifndef WIN32 /* handled during DLL_PROCESS_DETACH in win32/perllib.c */
948 #if defined(__hpux) && !defined(__GNUC__)
949 #pragma fini "perl_fini"
952 #if defined(__GNUC__) && defined(__attribute__)
953 /* want to make sure __attribute__ works here even
954 * for -Dd_attribut=undef builds.
959 static void __attribute__((destructor))
970 Perl_call_atexit(pTHX_ ATEXIT_t fn, void *ptr)
972 Renew(PL_exitlist, PL_exitlistlen+1, PerlExitListEntry);
973 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].fn = fn;
974 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].ptr = ptr;
978 #ifdef HAS_PROCSELFEXE
979 /* This is a function so that we don't hold on to MAXPATHLEN
980 bytes of stack longer than necessary
983 S_procself_val(pTHX_ SV *sv, char *arg0)
985 char buf[MAXPATHLEN];
986 int len = readlink(PROCSELFEXE_PATH, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);
988 /* On Playstation2 Linux V1.0 (kernel 2.2.1) readlink(/proc/self/exe)
989 includes a spurious NUL which will cause $^X to fail in system
990 or backticks (this will prevent extensions from being built and
991 many tests from working). readlink is not meant to add a NUL.
992 Normal readlink works fine.
994 if (len > 0 && buf[len-1] == '\0') {
998 /* FreeBSD's implementation is acknowledged to be imperfect, sometimes
999 returning the text "unknown" from the readlink rather than the path
1000 to the executable (or returning an error from the readlink). Any valid
1001 path has a '/' in it somewhere, so use that to validate the result.
1002 See http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/query-pr.cgi?pr=35703
1004 if (len > 0 && memchr(buf, '/', len)) {
1005 sv_setpvn(sv,buf,len);
1011 #endif /* HAS_PROCSELFEXE */
1014 S_set_caret_X(pTHX) {
1015 GV* tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("\030",TRUE, SVt_PV); /* $^X */
1017 #ifdef HAS_PROCSELFEXE
1018 S_procself_val(aTHX_ GvSV(tmpgv), PL_origargv[0]);
1021 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv), os2_execname(aTHX));
1023 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv),PL_origargv[0]);
1030 =for apidoc perl_parse
1032 Tells a Perl interpreter to parse a Perl script. See L<perlembed>.
1038 perl_parse(pTHXx_ XSINIT_t xsinit, int argc, char **argv, char **env)
1044 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
1047 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "suidperl is no longer needed since the kernel can now execute\n\
1048 setuid perl scripts securely.\n");
1049 #endif /* IAMSUID */
1052 #if defined(USE_HASH_SEED) || defined(USE_HASH_SEED_EXPLICIT)
1053 /* [perl #22371] Algorimic Complexity Attack on Perl 5.6.1, 5.8.0
1054 * This MUST be done before any hash stores or fetches take place.
1055 * If you set PL_rehash_seed (and assumedly also PL_rehash_seed_set)
1056 * yourself, it is your responsibility to provide a good random seed!
1057 * You can also define PERL_HASH_SEED in compile time, see hv.h. */
1058 if (!PL_rehash_seed_set)
1059 PL_rehash_seed = get_hash_seed();
1061 char *s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_HASH_SEED_DEBUG");
1067 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "HASH_SEED = %"UVuf"\n",
1071 #endif /* #if defined(USE_HASH_SEED) || defined(USE_HASH_SEED_EXPLICIT) */
1077 /* Set PL_origalen be the sum of the contiguous argv[]
1078 * elements plus the size of the env in case that it is
1079 * contiguous with the argv[]. This is used in mg.c:Perl_magic_set()
1080 * as the maximum modifiable length of $0. In the worst case
1081 * the area we are able to modify is limited to the size of
1082 * the original argv[0]. (See below for 'contiguous', though.)
1087 ~(UV)(PTRSIZE == 4 ? 3 : PTRSIZE == 8 ? 7 : PTRSIZE == 16 ? 15 : 0);
1088 /* Do the mask check only if the args seem like aligned. */
1090 (mask < ~(UV)0) && ((PTR2UV(argv[0]) & mask) == PTR2UV(argv[0]));
1092 /* See if all the arguments are contiguous in memory. Note
1093 * that 'contiguous' is a loose term because some platforms
1094 * align the argv[] and the envp[]. If the arguments look
1095 * like non-aligned, assume that they are 'strictly' or
1096 * 'traditionally' contiguous. If the arguments look like
1097 * aligned, we just check that they are within aligned
1098 * PTRSIZE bytes. As long as no system has something bizarre
1099 * like the argv[] interleaved with some other data, we are
1100 * fine. (Did I just evoke Murphy's Law?) --jhi */
1101 if (PL_origargv && PL_origargc >= 1 && (s = PL_origargv[0])) {
1103 for (i = 1; i < PL_origargc; i++) {
1104 if ((PL_origargv[i] == s + 1
1106 || PL_origargv[i] == s + 2
1111 (PL_origargv[i] > s &&
1113 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1123 /* Can we grab env area too to be used as the area for $0? */
1124 if (PL_origenviron) {
1125 if ((PL_origenviron[0] == s + 1
1127 || (PL_origenviron[0] == s + 9 && (s += 8))
1132 (PL_origenviron[0] > s &&
1133 PL_origenviron[0] <=
1134 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1138 s = PL_origenviron[0];
1141 my_setenv("NoNe SuCh", Nullch);
1142 /* Force copy of environment. */
1143 for (i = 1; PL_origenviron[i]; i++) {
1144 if (PL_origenviron[i] == s + 1
1147 (PL_origenviron[i] > s &&
1148 PL_origenviron[i] <=
1149 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1152 s = PL_origenviron[i];
1160 PL_origalen = s - PL_origargv[0] + 1;
1165 /* Come here if running an undumped a.out. */
1167 PL_origfilename = savepv(argv[0]);
1168 PL_do_undump = FALSE;
1169 cxstack_ix = -1; /* start label stack again */
1171 assert (!PL_tainted);
1173 S_set_caret_X(aTHX);
1175 init_postdump_symbols(argc,argv,env);
1180 op_free(PL_main_root);
1181 PL_main_root = Nullop;
1183 PL_main_start = Nullop;
1184 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_main_cv);
1185 PL_main_cv = Nullcv;
1188 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
1189 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_OFF;
1194 parse_body(env,xsinit);
1196 call_list(oldscope, PL_checkav);
1203 /* my_exit() was called */
1204 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
1207 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
1209 call_list(oldscope, PL_checkav);
1210 ret = STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
1213 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: top_env\n");
1222 S_parse_body(pTHX_ char **env, XSINIT_t xsinit)
1224 int argc = PL_origargc;
1225 char **argv = PL_origargv;
1226 char *scriptname = NULL;
1227 VOL bool dosearch = FALSE;
1228 char *validarg = "";
1231 char *cddir = Nullch;
1235 sv_setpvn(PL_linestr,"",0);
1236 sv = newSVpvn("",0); /* first used for -I flags */
1240 for (argc--,argv++; argc > 0; argc--,argv++) {
1241 if (argv[0][0] != '-' || !argv[0][1])
1245 validarg = " PHOOEY ";
1249 * Can we rely on the kernel to start scripts with argv[1] set to
1250 * contain all #! line switches (the whole line)? (argv[0] is set to
1251 * the interpreter name, argv[2] to the script name; argv[3] and
1252 * above may contain other arguments.)
1259 #ifndef PERL_STRICT_CR
1284 if ((s = moreswitches(s)))
1289 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('t');
1290 if( !PL_tainting ) {
1291 PL_taint_warn = TRUE;
1297 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('T');
1299 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
1304 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1305 /* ignore -e for Dev:Pseudo argument */
1306 if (argv[1] && !strcmp(argv[1], "Dev:Pseudo"))
1311 PL_e_script = newSVpvn("",0);
1312 filter_add(read_e_script, NULL);
1315 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, s);
1317 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, argv[1]);
1321 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No code specified for -e");
1322 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, "\n");
1325 case 'I': /* -I handled both here and in moreswitches() */
1327 if (!*++s && (s=argv[1]) != Nullch) {
1332 STRLEN len = strlen(s);
1333 p = savepvn(s, len);
1334 incpush(p, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE, FALSE);
1335 sv_catpvn(sv, "-I", 2);
1336 sv_catpvn(sv, p, len);
1337 sv_catpvn(sv, " ", 1);
1341 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No directory specified for -I");
1345 PL_preprocess = TRUE;
1355 PL_preambleav = newAV();
1356 av_push(PL_preambleav, newSVpv("use Config qw(myconfig config_vars)",0));
1358 PL_Sv = newSVpv("print myconfig();",0);
1360 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"print \"\\nCharacteristics of this PERLSHR image: \\n\",");
1362 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"print \"\\nCharacteristics of this binary (from libperl): \\n\",");
1364 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"\" Compile-time options:");
1366 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," DEBUGGING");
1368 # ifdef MULTIPLICITY
1369 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," MULTIPLICITY");
1371 # ifdef USE_5005THREADS
1372 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_5005THREADS");
1374 # ifdef USE_ITHREADS
1375 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_ITHREADS");
1377 # ifdef USE_64_BIT_INT
1378 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_64_BIT_INT");
1380 # ifdef USE_64_BIT_ALL
1381 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_64_BIT_ALL");
1383 # ifdef USE_LONG_DOUBLE
1384 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_LONG_DOUBLE");
1386 # ifdef USE_LARGE_FILES
1387 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_LARGE_FILES");
1390 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_SOCKS");
1392 # ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
1393 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT");
1395 # ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
1396 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS");
1398 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"\\n\",");
1400 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
1401 if (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT > 0) {
1403 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"\" Locally applied patches:\\n\",");
1404 for (i = 1; i <= LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT; i++) {
1405 if (PL_localpatches[i])
1406 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ PL_Sv,"q%c\t%s\n%c,",
1407 0, PL_localpatches[i], 0);
1411 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ PL_Sv,"\" Built under %s\\n\"",OSNAME);
1414 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ PL_Sv,",\" Compiled at %s %s\\n\"",__DATE__,__TIME__);
1416 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ PL_Sv,",\" Compiled on %s\\n\"",__DATE__);
1419 sv_catpv(PL_Sv, "; \
1421 @env = map { \"$_=\\\"$ENV{$_}\\\"\" } sort grep {/^PERL/} keys %ENV; ");
1424 push @env, \"CYGWIN=\\\"$ENV{CYGWIN}\\\"\";");
1427 print \" \\%ENV:\\n @env\\n\" if @env; \
1428 print \" \\@INC:\\n @INC\\n\";");
1431 PL_Sv = newSVpv("config_vars(qw(",0);
1432 sv_catpv(PL_Sv, ++s);
1433 sv_catpv(PL_Sv, "))");
1436 av_push(PL_preambleav, PL_Sv);
1437 scriptname = BIT_BUCKET; /* don't look for script or read stdin */
1440 PL_doextract = TRUE;
1448 if (!*++s || isSPACE(*s)) {
1452 /* catch use of gnu style long options */
1453 if (strEQ(s, "version")) {
1457 if (strEQ(s, "help")) {
1464 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Unrecognized switch: -%s (-h will show valid options)",s);
1470 #ifndef SECURE_INTERNAL_GETENV
1473 (s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL5OPT")))
1478 if (*s == '-' && *(s+1) == 'T') {
1479 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('T');
1481 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
1484 char *popt_copy = Nullch;
1497 if (!strchr("DIMUdmtwA", *s))
1498 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Illegal switch in PERL5OPT: -%c", *s);
1502 popt_copy = SvPVX(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(popt,0)));
1503 s = popt_copy + (s - popt);
1504 d = popt_copy + (d - popt);
1511 if( !PL_tainting ) {
1512 PL_taint_warn = TRUE;
1522 if (PL_taint_warn && PL_dowarn != G_WARN_ALL_OFF) {
1523 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = newSVpvn(WARN_TAINTstring, WARNsize);
1527 scriptname = argv[0];
1530 scriptname = BIT_BUCKET; /* don't look for script or read stdin */
1532 else if (scriptname == Nullch) {
1534 if ( PerlLIO_isatty(PerlIO_fileno(PerlIO_stdin())) )
1540 /* Set $^X early so that it can be used for relocatable paths in @INC */
1541 assert (!PL_tainted);
1543 S_set_caret_X(aTHX);
1547 open_script(scriptname,dosearch,sv);
1549 validate_suid(validarg, scriptname);
1552 #if defined(SIGCHLD) || defined(SIGCLD)
1555 # define SIGCHLD SIGCLD
1557 Sighandler_t sigstate = rsignal_state(SIGCHLD);
1558 if (sigstate == SIG_IGN) {
1559 if (ckWARN(WARN_SIGNAL))
1560 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_SIGNAL),
1561 "Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default");
1562 (void)rsignal(SIGCHLD, (Sighandler_t)SIG_DFL);
1568 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1569 if (PL_doextract || gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
1574 if (cddir && PerlDir_chdir(cddir) < 0)
1575 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't chdir to %s",cddir);
1579 PL_main_cv = PL_compcv = (CV*)NEWSV(1104,0);
1580 sv_upgrade((SV *)PL_compcv, SVt_PVCV);
1581 CvUNIQUE_on(PL_compcv);
1583 CvPADLIST(PL_compcv) = pad_new(0);
1584 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
1585 CvOWNER(PL_compcv) = 0;
1586 New(666, CvMUTEXP(PL_compcv), 1, perl_mutex);
1587 MUTEX_INIT(CvMUTEXP(PL_compcv));
1588 #endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
1591 boot_core_UNIVERSAL();
1592 boot_core_xsutils();
1595 (*xsinit)(aTHX); /* in case linked C routines want magical variables */
1597 #if defined(VMS) || defined(WIN32) || defined(DJGPP) || defined(__CYGWIN__) || defined(EPOC)
1603 # ifdef HAS_SOCKS5_INIT
1604 socks5_init(argv[0]);
1610 init_predump_symbols();
1611 /* init_postdump_symbols not currently designed to be called */
1612 /* more than once (ENV isn't cleared first, for example) */
1613 /* But running with -u leaves %ENV & @ARGV undefined! XXX */
1615 init_postdump_symbols(argc,argv,env);
1617 /* PL_unicode is turned on by -C or by $ENV{PERL_UNICODE}.
1618 * PL_utf8locale is conditionally turned on by
1619 * locale.c:Perl_init_i18nl10n() if the environment
1620 * look like the user wants to use UTF-8. */
1622 /* Requires init_predump_symbols(). */
1623 if (!(PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_LOCALE_FLAG) || PL_utf8locale) {
1628 /* Turn on UTF-8-ness on STDIN, STDOUT, STDERR
1629 * and the default open disciplines. */
1630 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDIN_FLAG) &&
1631 PL_stdingv && (io = GvIO(PL_stdingv)) &&
1633 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
1634 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDOUT_FLAG) &&
1635 PL_defoutgv && (io = GvIO(PL_defoutgv)) &&
1637 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
1638 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDERR_FLAG) &&
1639 PL_stderrgv && (io = GvIO(PL_stderrgv)) &&
1641 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
1642 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_INOUT_FLAG) &&
1643 (sv = GvSV(gv_fetchpv("\017PEN", TRUE, SVt_PV)))) {
1644 U32 in = PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_IN_FLAG;
1645 U32 out = PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_OUT_FLAG;
1648 sv_setpvn(sv, ":utf8\0:utf8", 11);
1650 sv_setpvn(sv, ":utf8\0", 6);
1653 sv_setpvn(sv, "\0:utf8", 6);
1659 if ((s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_SIGNALS"))) {
1660 if (strEQ(s, "unsafe"))
1661 PL_signals |= PERL_SIGNALS_UNSAFE_FLAG;
1662 else if (strEQ(s, "safe"))
1663 PL_signals &= ~PERL_SIGNALS_UNSAFE_FLAG;
1665 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "PERL_SIGNALS illegal: \"%s\"", s);
1670 /* now parse the script */
1672 SETERRNO(0,SS_NORMAL);
1674 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1675 if (gMacPerl_SyntaxError = (yyparse() || PL_error_count)) {
1677 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s had compilation errors.\n", MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
1679 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Execution of %s aborted due to compilation errors.\n",
1680 MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
1684 if (yyparse() || PL_error_count) {
1686 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s had compilation errors.\n", PL_origfilename);
1688 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Execution of %s aborted due to compilation errors.\n",
1693 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, 0);
1694 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
1695 PL_preprocess = FALSE;
1697 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
1698 PL_e_script = Nullsv;
1705 SAVECOPFILE(PL_curcop);
1706 SAVECOPLINE(PL_curcop);
1707 gv_check(PL_defstash);
1714 if ((s=PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS")) && atoi(s) >= 2)
1715 dump_mstats("after compilation:");
1724 =for apidoc perl_run
1726 Tells a Perl interpreter to run. See L<perlembed>.
1738 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
1746 cxstack_ix = -1; /* start context stack again */
1748 case 0: /* normal completion */
1752 case 2: /* my_exit() */
1753 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
1756 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
1757 if (!(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_DESTRUCT_END) &&
1758 PL_endav && !PL_minus_c)
1759 call_list(oldscope, PL_endav);
1761 if (PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS"))
1762 dump_mstats("after execution: ");
1764 ret = STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
1768 POPSTACK_TO(PL_mainstack);
1771 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: restartop\n");
1783 S_run_body(pTHX_ I32 oldscope)
1785 DEBUG_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "%s $` $& $' support.\n",
1786 PL_sawampersand ? "Enabling" : "Omitting"));
1788 if (!PL_restartop) {
1789 DEBUG_x(dump_all());
1791 PERL_DEBUG(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "\nEXECUTING...\n\n"));
1792 DEBUG_S(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "main thread is 0x%"UVxf"\n",
1796 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1797 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "%s%s syntax OK\n",
1798 (gMacPerl_ErrorFormat ? "# " : ""),
1799 MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
1801 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "%s syntax OK\n", PL_origfilename);
1805 if (PERLDB_SINGLE && PL_DBsingle)
1806 sv_setiv(PL_DBsingle, 1);
1808 call_list(oldscope, PL_initav);
1814 PL_op = PL_restartop;
1818 else if (PL_main_start) {
1819 CvDEPTH(PL_main_cv) = 1;
1820 PL_op = PL_main_start;
1830 =head1 SV Manipulation Functions
1832 =for apidoc p||get_sv
1834 Returns the SV of the specified Perl scalar. If C<create> is set and the
1835 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
1836 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
1842 Perl_get_sv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
1845 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
1846 if (name[1] == '\0' && !isALPHA(name[0])) {
1847 PADOFFSET tmp = find_threadsv(name);
1848 if (tmp != NOT_IN_PAD)
1849 return THREADSV(tmp);
1851 #endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
1852 gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PV);
1859 =head1 Array Manipulation Functions
1861 =for apidoc p||get_av
1863 Returns the AV of the specified Perl array. If C<create> is set and the
1864 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
1865 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
1871 Perl_get_av(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
1873 GV* gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVAV);
1882 =head1 Hash Manipulation Functions
1884 =for apidoc p||get_hv
1886 Returns the HV of the specified Perl hash. If C<create> is set and the
1887 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
1888 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
1894 Perl_get_hv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
1896 GV* gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVHV);
1905 =head1 CV Manipulation Functions
1907 =for apidoc p||get_cv
1909 Returns the CV of the specified Perl subroutine. If C<create> is set and
1910 the Perl subroutine does not exist then it will be declared (which has the
1911 same effect as saying C<sub name;>). If C<create> is not set and the
1912 subroutine does not exist then NULL is returned.
1918 Perl_get_cv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
1920 GV* gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVCV);
1921 /* XXX unsafe for threads if eval_owner isn't held */
1922 /* XXX this is probably not what they think they're getting.
1923 * It has the same effect as "sub name;", i.e. just a forward
1925 if (create && !GvCVu(gv))
1926 return newSUB(start_subparse(FALSE, 0),
1927 newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSVpv(name,0)),
1935 /* Be sure to refetch the stack pointer after calling these routines. */
1939 =head1 Callback Functions
1941 =for apidoc p||call_argv
1943 Performs a callback to the specified Perl sub. See L<perlcall>.
1949 Perl_call_argv(pTHX_ const char *sub_name, I32 flags, register char **argv)
1951 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
1952 /* null terminated arg list */
1959 XPUSHs(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(*argv,0)));
1964 return call_pv(sub_name, flags);
1968 =for apidoc p||call_pv
1970 Performs a callback to the specified Perl sub. See L<perlcall>.
1976 Perl_call_pv(pTHX_ const char *sub_name, I32 flags)
1977 /* name of the subroutine */
1978 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
1980 return call_sv((SV*)get_cv(sub_name, TRUE), flags);
1984 =for apidoc p||call_method
1986 Performs a callback to the specified Perl method. The blessed object must
1987 be on the stack. See L<perlcall>.
1993 Perl_call_method(pTHX_ const char *methname, I32 flags)
1994 /* name of the subroutine */
1995 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
1997 return call_sv(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(methname,0)), flags | G_METHOD);
2000 /* May be called with any of a CV, a GV, or an SV containing the name. */
2002 =for apidoc p||call_sv
2004 Performs a callback to the Perl sub whose name is in the SV. See
2011 Perl_call_sv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
2012 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2015 LOGOP myop; /* fake syntax tree node */
2018 volatile I32 retval = 0;
2020 bool oldcatch = CATCH_GET;
2025 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2030 Zero(&myop, 1, LOGOP);
2031 myop.op_next = Nullop;
2032 if (!(flags & G_NOARGS))
2033 myop.op_flags |= OPf_STACKED;
2034 myop.op_flags |= ((flags & G_VOID) ? OPf_WANT_VOID :
2035 (flags & G_ARRAY) ? OPf_WANT_LIST :
2040 EXTEND(PL_stack_sp, 1);
2041 *++PL_stack_sp = sv;
2043 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
2045 if (PERLDB_SUB && PL_curstash != PL_debstash
2046 /* Handle first BEGIN of -d. */
2047 && (PL_DBcv || (PL_DBcv = GvCV(PL_DBsub)))
2048 /* Try harder, since this may have been a sighandler, thus
2049 * curstash may be meaningless. */
2050 && (SvTYPE(sv) != SVt_PVCV || CvSTASH((CV*)sv) != PL_debstash)
2051 && !(flags & G_NODEBUG))
2052 PL_op->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_DB;
2054 if (flags & G_METHOD) {
2055 Zero(&method_op, 1, UNOP);
2056 method_op.op_next = PL_op;
2057 method_op.op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_METHOD];
2058 myop.op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_ENTERSUB];
2059 PL_op = (OP*)&method_op;
2062 if (!(flags & G_EVAL)) {
2064 call_body((OP*)&myop, FALSE);
2065 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2066 CATCH_SET(oldcatch);
2069 myop.op_other = (OP*)&myop;
2071 /* we're trying to emulate pp_entertry() here */
2073 register PERL_CONTEXT *cx;
2074 I32 gimme = GIMME_V;
2079 PUSHBLOCK(cx, (CXt_EVAL|CXp_TRYBLOCK), PL_stack_sp);
2081 PL_eval_root = PL_op; /* Only needed so that goto works right. */
2083 PL_in_eval = EVAL_INEVAL;
2084 if (flags & G_KEEPERR)
2085 PL_in_eval |= EVAL_KEEPERR;
2095 call_body((OP*)&myop, FALSE);
2096 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2097 if (!(flags & G_KEEPERR))
2104 /* my_exit() was called */
2105 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2108 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED))
2109 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Callback called exit");
2114 PL_op = PL_restartop;
2118 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2119 if (flags & G_ARRAY)
2123 *++PL_stack_sp = &PL_sv_undef;
2128 if (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope) {
2132 register PERL_CONTEXT *cx;
2143 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2144 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2154 S_call_body(pTHX_ OP *myop, int is_eval)
2156 if (PL_op == myop) {
2158 PL_op = Perl_pp_entereval(aTHX); /* this doesn't do a POPMARK */
2160 PL_op = Perl_pp_entersub(aTHX); /* this does */
2166 /* Eval a string. The G_EVAL flag is always assumed. */
2169 =for apidoc p||eval_sv
2171 Tells Perl to C<eval> the string in the SV.
2177 Perl_eval_sv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
2179 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2182 UNOP myop; /* fake syntax tree node */
2183 volatile I32 oldmark = SP - PL_stack_base;
2184 volatile I32 retval = 0;
2190 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2197 Zero(PL_op, 1, UNOP);
2198 EXTEND(PL_stack_sp, 1);
2199 *++PL_stack_sp = sv;
2200 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
2202 if (!(flags & G_NOARGS))
2203 myop.op_flags = OPf_STACKED;
2204 myop.op_next = Nullop;
2205 myop.op_type = OP_ENTEREVAL;
2206 myop.op_flags |= ((flags & G_VOID) ? OPf_WANT_VOID :
2207 (flags & G_ARRAY) ? OPf_WANT_LIST :
2209 if (flags & G_KEEPERR)
2210 myop.op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL;
2212 /* fail now; otherwise we could fail after the JMPENV_PUSH but
2213 * before a PUSHEVAL, which corrupts the stack after a croak */
2214 TAINT_PROPER("eval_sv()");
2220 call_body((OP*)&myop,TRUE);
2221 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2222 if (!(flags & G_KEEPERR))
2229 /* my_exit() was called */
2230 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2233 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED))
2234 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Callback called exit");
2239 PL_op = PL_restartop;
2243 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2244 if (flags & G_ARRAY)
2248 *++PL_stack_sp = &PL_sv_undef;
2254 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2255 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2265 =for apidoc p||eval_pv
2267 Tells Perl to C<eval> the given string and return an SV* result.
2273 Perl_eval_pv(pTHX_ const char *p, I32 croak_on_error)
2276 SV* sv = newSVpv(p, 0);
2278 eval_sv(sv, G_SCALAR);
2285 if (croak_on_error && SvTRUE(ERRSV)) {
2287 Perl_croak(aTHX_ SvPVx(ERRSV, n_a));
2293 /* Require a module. */
2296 =head1 Embedding Functions
2298 =for apidoc p||require_pv
2300 Tells Perl to C<require> the file named by the string argument. It is
2301 analogous to the Perl code C<eval "require '$file'">. It's even
2302 implemented that way; consider using load_module instead.
2307 Perl_require_pv(pTHX_ const char *pv)
2311 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_REQUIRE);
2313 sv = sv_newmortal();
2314 sv_setpv(sv, "require '");
2317 eval_sv(sv, G_DISCARD);
2323 Perl_magicname(pTHX_ char *sym, char *name, I32 namlen)
2327 if ((gv = gv_fetchpv(sym,TRUE, SVt_PV)))
2328 sv_magic(GvSV(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, namlen);
2332 S_usage(pTHX_ char *name) /* XXX move this out into a module ? */
2334 /* This message really ought to be max 23 lines.
2335 * Removed -h because the user already knows that option. Others? */
2337 static char *usage_msg[] = {
2338 "-0[octal] specify record separator (\\0, if no argument)",
2339 "-a autosplit mode with -n or -p (splits $_ into @F)",
2340 "-C[number/list] enables the listed Unicode features",
2341 "-c check syntax only (runs BEGIN and CHECK blocks)",
2342 "-d[:debugger] run program under debugger",
2343 "-D[number/list] set debugging flags (argument is a bit mask or alphabets)",
2344 "-e program one line of program (several -e's allowed, omit programfile)",
2345 "-F/pattern/ split() pattern for -a switch (//'s are optional)",
2346 "-i[extension] edit <> files in place (makes backup if extension supplied)",
2347 "-Idirectory specify @INC/#include directory (several -I's allowed)",
2348 "-l[octal] enable line ending processing, specifies line terminator",
2349 "-[mM][-]module execute `use/no module...' before executing program",
2350 "-n assume 'while (<>) { ... }' loop around program",
2351 "-p assume loop like -n but print line also, like sed",
2352 "-P run program through C preprocessor before compilation",
2353 "-s enable rudimentary parsing for switches after programfile",
2354 "-S look for programfile using PATH environment variable",
2355 "-t enable tainting warnings",
2356 "-T enable tainting checks",
2357 "-u dump core after parsing program",
2358 "-U allow unsafe operations",
2359 "-v print version, subversion (includes VERY IMPORTANT perl info)",
2360 "-V[:variable] print configuration summary (or a single Config.pm variable)",
2361 "-w enable many useful warnings (RECOMMENDED)",
2362 "-W enable all warnings",
2363 "-x[directory] strip off text before #!perl line and perhaps cd to directory",
2364 "-X disable all warnings",
2368 char **p = usage_msg;
2370 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2371 "\nUsage: %s [switches] [--] [programfile] [arguments]",
2374 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(), "\n %s", *p++);
2377 /* convert a string of -D options (or digits) into an int.
2378 * sets *s to point to the char after the options */
2382 Perl_get_debug_opts(pTHX_ char **s, bool givehelp)
2384 static char *usage_msgd[] = {
2385 " Debugging flag values: (see also -d)",
2386 " p Tokenizing and parsing (with v, displays parse stack)",
2387 " s Stack snapshots (with v, displays all stacks)",
2388 " l Context (loop) stack processing",
2389 " t Trace execution",
2390 " o Method and overloading resolution",
2391 " c String/numeric conversions",
2392 " P Print profiling info, preprocessor command for -P, source file input state",
2393 " m Memory allocation",
2394 " f Format processing",
2395 " r Regular expression parsing and execution",
2396 " x Syntax tree dump",
2397 " u Tainting checks",
2398 " H Hash dump -- usurps values()",
2399 " X Scratchpad allocation",
2401 " S Thread synchronization",
2403 " R Include reference counts of dumped variables (eg when using -Ds)",
2404 " J Do not s,t,P-debug (Jump over) opcodes within package DB",
2405 " v Verbose: use in conjunction with other flags",
2407 " A Consistency checks on internal structures",
2408 " q quiet - currently only suppresses the 'EXECUTING' message",
2413 /* if adding extra options, remember to update DEBUG_MASK */
2414 static char debopts[] = "psltocPmfrxu HXDSTRJvCAq";
2416 for (; isALNUM(**s); (*s)++) {
2417 char *d = strchr(debopts,**s);
2419 i |= 1 << (d - debopts);
2420 else if (ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
2421 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
2422 "invalid option -D%c, use -D'' to see choices\n", **s);
2425 else if (isDIGIT(**s)) {
2427 for (; isALNUM(**s); (*s)++) ;
2429 else if (givehelp) {
2430 char **p = usage_msgd;
2431 while (*p) PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(), "%s\n", *p++);
2434 if ((i & DEBUG_p_FLAG) && ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
2435 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
2436 "-Dp not implemented on this platform\n");
2442 /* This routine handles any switches that can be given during run */
2445 Perl_moreswitches(pTHX_ char *s)
2455 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rs);
2456 if (s[1] == 'x' && s[2]) {
2460 for (s += 2, e = s; *e; e++);
2462 flags = PERL_SCAN_SILENT_ILLDIGIT;
2463 rschar = (U32)grok_hex(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
2464 if (s + numlen < e) {
2465 rschar = 0; /* Grandfather -0xFOO as -0 -xFOO. */
2469 PL_rs = newSVpvn("", 0);
2470 SvGROW(PL_rs, (STRLEN)(UNISKIP(rschar) + 1));
2471 tmps = (U8*)SvPVX(PL_rs);
2472 uvchr_to_utf8(tmps, rschar);
2473 SvCUR_set(PL_rs, UNISKIP(rschar));
2478 rschar = (U32)grok_oct(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
2479 if (rschar & ~((U8)~0))
2480 PL_rs = &PL_sv_undef;
2481 else if (!rschar && numlen >= 2)
2482 PL_rs = newSVpvn("", 0);
2484 char ch = (char)rschar;
2485 PL_rs = newSVpvn(&ch, 1);
2488 sv_setsv(get_sv("/", TRUE), PL_rs);
2493 PL_unicode = parse_unicode_opts(&s);
2498 while (*s && !isSPACE(*s)) ++s;
2500 PL_splitstr = savepv(PL_splitstr);
2514 /* -dt indicates to the debugger that threads will be used */
2515 if (*s == 't' && !isALNUM(s[1])) {
2517 my_setenv("PERL5DB_THREADED", "1");
2520 /* The following permits -d:Mod to accepts arguments following an =
2521 in the fashion that -MSome::Mod does. */
2522 if (*s == ':' || *s == '=') {
2525 sv = newSVpv("use Devel::", 0);
2527 /* We now allow -d:Module=Foo,Bar */
2528 while(isALNUM(*s) || *s==':') ++s;
2530 sv_catpv(sv, start);
2532 sv_catpvn(sv, start, s-start);
2533 sv_catpv(sv, " split(/,/,q{");
2538 my_setenv("PERL5DB", SvPV(sv, PL_na));
2541 PL_perldb = PERLDB_ALL;
2550 PL_debug = get_debug_opts(&s, 1) | DEBUG_TOP_FLAG;
2551 #else /* !DEBUGGING */
2552 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
2553 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
2554 "Recompile perl with -DDEBUGGING to use -D switch (did you mean -d ?)\n");
2555 for (s++; isALNUM(*s); s++) ;
2561 usage(PL_origargv[0]);
2565 Safefree(PL_inplace);
2566 #if defined(__CYGWIN__) /* do backup extension automagically */
2567 if (*(s+1) == '\0') {
2568 PL_inplace = savepv(".bak");
2571 #endif /* __CYGWIN__ */
2572 PL_inplace = savepv(s+1);
2574 for (s = PL_inplace; *s && !isSPACE(*s); s++) ;
2577 if (*s == '-') /* Additional switches on #! line. */
2581 case 'I': /* -I handled both here and in parse_body() */
2584 while (*s && isSPACE(*s))
2589 /* ignore trailing spaces (possibly followed by other switches) */
2591 for (e = p; *e && !isSPACE(*e); e++) ;
2595 } while (*p && *p != '-');
2596 e = savepvn(s, e-s);
2597 incpush(e, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE, FALSE);
2604 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No directory specified for -I");
2610 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ors_sv);
2615 PL_ors_sv = newSVpvn("\n",1);
2616 numlen = 3 + (*s == '0');
2617 *SvPVX(PL_ors_sv) = (char)grok_oct(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
2621 if (RsPARA(PL_rs)) {
2622 PL_ors_sv = newSVpvn("\n\n",2);
2625 PL_ors_sv = newSVsv(PL_rs);
2632 PL_preambleav = newAV();
2634 SV *sv = newSVpv("use assertions::activate split(/,/,q", 0);
2635 sv_catpvn(sv, "\0", 1); /* Use NUL as q//-delimiter. */
2637 sv_catpvn(sv, "\0)", 2);
2639 av_push(PL_preambleav, sv);
2642 av_push(PL_preambleav, newSVpvn("use assertions::activate",24));
2645 forbid_setid("-M"); /* XXX ? */
2648 forbid_setid("-m"); /* XXX ? */
2653 /* -M-foo == 'no foo' */
2654 if (*s == '-') { use = "no "; ++s; }
2655 sv = newSVpv(use,0);
2657 /* We allow -M'Module qw(Foo Bar)' */
2658 while(isALNUM(*s) || *s==':') ++s;
2660 sv_catpv(sv, start);
2661 if (*(start-1) == 'm') {
2663 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use '%c' after -mname", *s);
2664 sv_catpv( sv, " ()");
2668 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Module name required with -%c option",
2670 sv_catpvn(sv, start, s-start);
2671 sv_catpv(sv, " split(/,/,q");
2672 sv_catpvn(sv, "\0)", 1); /* Use NUL as q//-delimiter. */
2674 sv_catpvn(sv, "\0)", 2);
2678 PL_preambleav = newAV();
2679 av_push(PL_preambleav, sv);
2682 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Missing argument to -%c", *(s-1));
2694 PL_doswitches = TRUE;
2708 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2709 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Believe me, you don't want to use \"-u\" on a Macintosh");
2711 PL_do_undump = TRUE;
2719 if (!sv_derived_from(PL_patchlevel, "version"))
2720 (void *)upg_version(PL_patchlevel);
2722 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2723 Perl_form(aTHX_ "\nThis is perl, v%"SVf" built for %s",
2724 vstringify(PL_patchlevel),
2727 /* Adjust verbose output as in the perl that ships with the DG/UX OS from EMC */
2728 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2729 Perl_form(aTHX_ "\nThis is perl, v%"SVf"\n",
2730 vstringify(PL_patchlevel)));
2731 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2732 Perl_form(aTHX_ " built under %s at %s %s\n",
2733 OSNAME, __DATE__, __TIME__));
2734 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2735 Perl_form(aTHX_ " OS Specific Release: %s\n",
2739 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
2740 if (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT > 0)
2741 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2742 "\n(with %d registered patch%s, "
2743 "see perl -V for more detail)",
2744 (int)LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT,
2745 (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT!=1) ? "es" : "");
2748 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2749 "\n\nCopyright 1987-2004, Larry Wall\n");
2750 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2751 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2752 "\nMac OS port Copyright 1991-2002, Matthias Neeracher;\n"
2753 "maintained by Chris Nandor\n");
2756 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2757 "\nMS-DOS port Copyright (c) 1989, 1990, Diomidis Spinellis\n");
2760 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2761 "djgpp v2 port (jpl5003c) by Hirofumi Watanabe, 1996\n"
2762 "djgpp v2 port (perl5004+) by Laszlo Molnar, 1997-1999\n");
2765 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2766 "\n\nOS/2 port Copyright (c) 1990, 1991, Raymond Chen, Kai Uwe Rommel\n"
2767 "Version 5 port Copyright (c) 1994-2002, Andreas Kaiser, Ilya Zakharevich\n");
2770 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2771 "atariST series port, ++jrb bammi@cadence.com\n");
2774 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2775 "BeOS port Copyright Tom Spindler, 1997-1999\n");
2778 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2779 "MPE/iX port Copyright by Mark Klein and Mark Bixby, 1996-2003\n");
2782 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2783 "MVS (OS390) port by Mortice Kern Systems, 1997-1999\n");
2786 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2787 "Stratus VOS port by Paul.Green@stratus.com, 1997-2002\n");
2790 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2791 "VM/ESA port by Neale Ferguson, 1998-1999\n");
2794 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2795 "BS2000 (POSIX) port by Start Amadeus GmbH, 1998-1999\n");
2798 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2799 "MiNT port by Guido Flohr, 1997-1999\n");
2802 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2803 "EPOC port by Olaf Flebbe, 1999-2002\n");
2806 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),"WINCE port by Rainer Keuchel, 2001-2002\n");
2807 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),"Built on " __DATE__ " " __TIME__ "\n\n");
2810 #ifdef BINARY_BUILD_NOTICE
2811 BINARY_BUILD_NOTICE;
2813 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2815 Perl may be copied only under the terms of either the Artistic License or the\n\
2816 GNU General Public License, which may be found in the Perl 5 source kit.\n\n\
2817 Complete documentation for Perl, including FAQ lists, should be found on\n\
2818 this system using `man perl' or `perldoc perl'. If you have access to the\n\
2819 Internet, point your browser at http://www.perl.org/, the Perl Home Page.\n\n");
2822 if (! (PL_dowarn & G_WARN_ALL_MASK))
2823 PL_dowarn |= G_WARN_ON;
2827 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_ALL_ON|G_WARN_ON;
2828 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
2829 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
2830 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = pWARN_ALL ;
2834 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_ALL_OFF;
2835 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
2836 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
2837 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = pWARN_NONE ;
2842 if (s[1] == '-') /* Additional switches on #! line. */
2847 #if defined(WIN32) || !defined(PERL_STRICT_CR)
2853 #ifdef ALTERNATE_SHEBANG
2854 case 'S': /* OS/2 needs -S on "extproc" line. */
2862 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't emulate -%.1s on #! line",s);
2867 /* compliments of Tom Christiansen */
2869 /* unexec() can be found in the Gnu emacs distribution */
2870 /* Known to work with -DUNEXEC and using unexelf.c from GNU emacs-20.2 */
2873 Perl_my_unexec(pTHX)
2881 prog = newSVpv(BIN_EXP, 0);
2882 sv_catpv(prog, "/perl");
2883 file = newSVpv(PL_origfilename, 0);
2884 sv_catpv(file, ".perldump");
2886 unexec(SvPVX(file), SvPVX(prog), &etext, sbrk(0), 0);
2887 /* unexec prints msg to stderr in case of failure */
2888 PerlProc_exit(status);
2891 # include <lib$routines.h>
2892 lib$signal(SS$_DEBUG); /* ssdef.h #included from vmsish.h */
2894 ABORT(); /* for use with undump */
2899 /* initialize curinterp */
2905 # define PERLVAR(var,type)
2906 # define PERLVARA(var,n,type)
2907 # if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
2908 # if defined(USE_5005THREADS)
2909 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
2910 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
2911 # else /* !USE_5005THREADS */
2912 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) aTHX->var = init;
2913 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) aTHX->var = init;
2914 # endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
2916 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
2917 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
2919 # include "intrpvar.h"
2920 # ifndef USE_5005THREADS
2921 # include "thrdvar.h"
2928 # define PERLVAR(var,type)
2929 # define PERLVARA(var,n,type)
2930 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PL_##var = init;
2931 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PL_##var = init;
2932 # include "intrpvar.h"
2933 # ifndef USE_5005THREADS
2934 # include "thrdvar.h"
2945 S_init_main_stash(pTHX)
2949 PL_curstash = PL_defstash = newHV();
2950 PL_curstname = newSVpvn("main",4);
2951 gv = gv_fetchpv("main::",TRUE, SVt_PVHV);
2952 SvREFCNT_dec(GvHV(gv));
2953 GvHV(gv) = (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(PL_defstash);
2955 HvNAME(PL_defstash) = savepvn("main", 4);
2956 PL_incgv = gv_HVadd(gv_AVadd(gv_fetchpv("INC",TRUE, SVt_PVAV)));
2957 GvMULTI_on(PL_incgv);
2958 PL_hintgv = gv_fetchpv("\010",TRUE, SVt_PV); /* ^H */
2959 GvMULTI_on(PL_hintgv);
2960 PL_defgv = gv_fetchpv("_",TRUE, SVt_PVAV);
2961 PL_errgv = gv_HVadd(gv_fetchpv("@", TRUE, SVt_PV));
2962 GvMULTI_on(PL_errgv);
2963 PL_replgv = gv_fetchpv("\022", TRUE, SVt_PV); /* ^R */
2964 GvMULTI_on(PL_replgv);
2965 (void)Perl_form(aTHX_ "%240s",""); /* Preallocate temp - for immediate signals. */
2966 sv_grow(ERRSV, 240); /* Preallocate - for immediate signals. */
2967 sv_setpvn(ERRSV, "", 0);
2968 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2969 CopSTASH_set(&PL_compiling, PL_defstash);
2970 PL_debstash = GvHV(gv_fetchpv("DB::", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
2971 PL_globalstash = GvHV(gv_fetchpv("CORE::GLOBAL::", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
2972 /* We must init $/ before switches are processed. */
2973 sv_setpvn(get_sv("/", TRUE), "\n", 1);
2976 /* PSz 18 Nov 03 fdscript now global but do not change prototype */
2978 S_open_script(pTHX_ char *scriptname, bool dosearch, SV *sv)
2983 char *cpp_discard_flag;
2991 PL_origfilename = savepvn("-e", 2);
2994 /* if find_script() returns, it returns a malloc()-ed value */
2995 PL_origfilename = scriptname = find_script(scriptname, dosearch, NULL, 1);
2997 if (strnEQ(scriptname, "/dev/fd/", 8) && isDIGIT(scriptname[8]) ) {
2998 char *s = scriptname + 8;
2999 PL_fdscript = atoi(s);
3004 * Tell apart "normal" usage of fdscript, e.g.
3005 * with bash on FreeBSD:
3006 * perl <( echo '#!perl -DA'; echo 'print "$0\n"')
3007 * from usage in suidperl.
3008 * Does any "normal" usage leave garbage after the number???
3009 * Is it a mistake to use a similar /dev/fd/ construct for
3014 * Be supersafe and do some sanity-checks.
3015 * Still, can we be sure we got the right thing?
3018 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Wrong syntax (suid) fd script name \"%s\"\n", s);
3021 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Missing (suid) fd script name\n");
3023 scriptname = savepv(s + 1);
3024 Safefree(PL_origfilename);
3025 PL_origfilename = scriptname;
3030 CopFILE_free(PL_curcop);
3031 CopFILE_set(PL_curcop, PL_origfilename);
3032 if (*PL_origfilename == '-' && PL_origfilename[1] == '\0')
3034 if (PL_fdscript >= 0) {
3035 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_fdopen(PL_fdscript,PERL_SCRIPT_MODE);
3036 # if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3038 /* ensure close-on-exec */
3039 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,1);
3044 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "sperl needs fd script\n"
3045 "You should not call sperl directly; do you need to "
3046 "change a #! line\nfrom sperl to perl?\n");
3049 * Do not open (or do other fancy stuff) while setuid.
3050 * Perl does the open, and hands script to suidperl on a fd;
3051 * suidperl only does some checks, sets up UIDs and re-execs
3052 * perl with that fd as it has always done.
3055 if (PL_suidscript != 1) {
3056 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "suidperl needs (suid) fd script\n");
3059 else if (PL_preprocess) {
3060 char *cpp_cfg = CPPSTDIN;
3061 SV *cpp = newSVpvn("",0);
3062 SV *cmd = NEWSV(0,0);
3064 if (cpp_cfg[0] == 0) /* PERL_MICRO? */
3065 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't run with cpp -P with CPPSTDIN undefined");
3066 if (strEQ(cpp_cfg, "cppstdin"))
3067 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ cpp, "%s/", BIN_EXP);
3068 sv_catpv(cpp, cpp_cfg);
3071 sv_catpvn(sv, "-I", 2);
3072 sv_catpv(sv,PRIVLIB_EXP);
3075 DEBUG_P(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3076 "PL_preprocess: scriptname=\"%s\", cpp=\"%s\", sv=\"%s\", CPPMINUS=\"%s\"\n",
3077 scriptname, SvPVX (cpp), SvPVX (sv), CPPMINUS));
3079 # if defined(MSDOS) || defined(WIN32) || defined(VMS)
3086 cpp_discard_flag = "";
3088 cpp_discard_flag = "-C";
3092 perl = os2_execname(aTHX);
3094 perl = PL_origargv[0];
3098 /* This strips off Perl comments which might interfere with
3099 the C pre-processor, including #!. #line directives are
3100 deliberately stripped to avoid confusion with Perl's version
3101 of #line. FWP played some golf with it so it will fit
3102 into VMS's 255 character buffer.
3105 code = "(1../^#!.*perl/i)|/^\\s*#(?!\\s*((ifn?|un)def|(el|end)?if|define|include|else|error|pragma)\\b)/||!($|=1)||print";
3107 code = "/^\\s*#(?!\\s*((ifn?|un)def|(el|end)?if|define|include|else|error|pragma)\\b)/||!($|=1)||print";
3109 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ cmd, "\
3110 %s -ne%s%s%s %s | %"SVf" %s %"SVf" %s",
3111 perl, quote, code, quote, scriptname, cpp,
3112 cpp_discard_flag, sv, CPPMINUS);
3114 PL_doextract = FALSE;
3116 DEBUG_P(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3117 "PL_preprocess: cmd=\"%s\"\n",
3120 PL_rsfp = PerlProc_popen(SvPVX(cmd), "r");
3124 else if (!*scriptname) {
3125 forbid_setid("program input from stdin");
3126 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_stdin();
3129 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_open(scriptname,PERL_SCRIPT_MODE);
3130 # if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3132 /* ensure close-on-exec */
3133 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,1);
3136 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3138 /* PSz 16 Sep 03 Keep neat error message */
3139 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't open perl script \"%s\": %s\n",
3140 CopFILE(PL_curcop), Strerror(errno));
3145 * I_SYSSTATVFS HAS_FSTATVFS
3147 * I_STATFS HAS_FSTATFS HAS_GETFSSTAT
3148 * I_MNTENT HAS_GETMNTENT HAS_HASMNTOPT
3149 * here so that metaconfig picks them up. */
3153 S_fd_on_nosuid_fs(pTHX_ int fd)
3156 * We used to do this as "plain" user (after swapping UIDs with setreuid);
3157 * but is needed also on machines without setreuid.
3158 * Seems safe enough to run as root.
3160 int check_okay = 0; /* able to do all the required sys/libcalls */
3161 int on_nosuid = 0; /* the fd is on a nosuid fs */
3163 * Need to check noexec also: nosuid might not be set, the average
3164 * sysadmin would say that nosuid is irrelevant once he sets noexec.
3166 int on_noexec = 0; /* the fd is on a noexec fs */
3169 * Preferred order: fstatvfs(), fstatfs(), ustat()+getmnt(), getmntent().
3170 * fstatvfs() is UNIX98.
3171 * fstatfs() is 4.3 BSD.
3172 * ustat()+getmnt() is pre-4.3 BSD.
3173 * getmntent() is O(number-of-mounted-filesystems) and can hang on
3174 * an irrelevant filesystem while trying to reach the right one.
3177 #undef FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY /* found the syscalls to do the check? */
3179 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3180 defined(HAS_FSTATVFS)
3181 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3182 struct statvfs stfs;
3184 check_okay = fstatvfs(fd, &stfs) == 0;
3185 on_nosuid = check_okay && (stfs.f_flag & ST_NOSUID);
3187 /* ST_NOEXEC certainly absent on AIX 5.1, and doesn't seem to be documented
3188 on platforms where it is present. */
3189 on_noexec = check_okay && (stfs.f_flag & ST_NOEXEC);
3191 # endif /* fstatvfs */
3193 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3194 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID) && \
3195 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC) && \
3196 defined(HAS_FSTATFS) && \
3197 defined(HAS_STRUCT_STATFS) && \
3198 defined(HAS_STRUCT_STATFS_F_FLAGS)
3199 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3202 check_okay = fstatfs(fd, &stfs) == 0;
3203 on_nosuid = check_okay && (stfs.f_flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID);
3204 on_noexec = check_okay && (stfs.f_flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC);
3205 # endif /* fstatfs */
3207 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3208 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID) && \
3209 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC) && \
3210 defined(HAS_FSTAT) && \
3211 defined(HAS_USTAT) && \
3212 defined(HAS_GETMNT) && \
3213 defined(HAS_STRUCT_FS_DATA) && \
3215 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3218 if (fstat(fd, &fdst) == 0) {
3220 if (ustat(fdst.st_dev, &us) == 0) {
3222 /* NOSTAT_ONE here because we're not examining fields which
3223 * vary between that case and STAT_ONE. */
3224 if (getmnt((int*)0, &fsd, (int)0, NOSTAT_ONE, us.f_fname) == 0) {
3225 size_t cmplen = sizeof(us.f_fname);
3226 if (sizeof(fsd.fd_req.path) < cmplen)
3227 cmplen = sizeof(fsd.fd_req.path);
3228 if (strnEQ(fsd.fd_req.path, us.f_fname, cmplen) &&
3229 fdst.st_dev == fsd.fd_req.dev) {
3231 on_nosuid = fsd.fd_req.flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID;
3232 on_noexec = fsd.fd_req.flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC;
3238 # endif /* fstat+ustat+getmnt */
3240 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3241 defined(HAS_GETMNTENT) && \
3242 defined(HAS_HASMNTOPT) && \
3243 defined(MNTOPT_NOSUID) && \
3244 defined(MNTOPT_NOEXEC)
3245 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3246 FILE *mtab = fopen("/etc/mtab", "r");
3247 struct mntent *entry;
3250 if (mtab && (fstat(fd, &stb) == 0)) {
3251 while (entry = getmntent(mtab)) {
3252 if (stat(entry->mnt_dir, &fsb) == 0
3253 && fsb.st_dev == stb.st_dev)
3255 /* found the filesystem */
3257 if (hasmntopt(entry, MNTOPT_NOSUID))
3259 if (hasmntopt(entry, MNTOPT_NOEXEC))
3262 } /* A single fs may well fail its stat(). */
3267 # endif /* getmntent+hasmntopt */
3270 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't check filesystem of script \"%s\" for nosuid/noexec", PL_origfilename);
3272 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script \"%s\" on nosuid filesystem", PL_origfilename);
3274 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script \"%s\" on noexec filesystem", PL_origfilename);
3275 return ((!check_okay) || on_nosuid || on_noexec);
3277 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3280 S_validate_suid(pTHX_ char *validarg, char *scriptname)
3284 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3286 /* do we need to emulate setuid on scripts? */
3288 /* This code is for those BSD systems that have setuid #! scripts disabled
3289 * in the kernel because of a security problem. Merely defining DOSUID
3290 * in perl will not fix that problem, but if you have disabled setuid
3291 * scripts in the kernel, this will attempt to emulate setuid and setgid
3292 * on scripts that have those now-otherwise-useless bits set. The setuid
3293 * root version must be called suidperl or sperlN.NNN. If regular perl
3294 * discovers that it has opened a setuid script, it calls suidperl with
3295 * the same argv that it had. If suidperl finds that the script it has
3296 * just opened is NOT setuid root, it sets the effective uid back to the
3297 * uid. We don't just make perl setuid root because that loses the
3298 * effective uid we had before invoking perl, if it was different from the
3301 * Description/comments above do not match current workings:
3302 * suidperl must be hardlinked to sperlN.NNN (that is what we exec);
3303 * suidperl called with script open and name changed to /dev/fd/N/X;
3304 * suidperl croaks if script is not setuid;
3305 * making perl setuid would be a huge security risk (and yes, that
3306 * would lose any euid we might have had).
3308 * DOSUID must be defined in both perl and suidperl, and IAMSUID must
3309 * be defined in suidperl only. suidperl must be setuid root. The
3310 * Configure script will set this up for you if you want it.
3316 if (PerlLIO_fstat(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),&PL_statbuf) < 0) /* normal stat is insecure */
3317 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't stat script \"%s\"",PL_origfilename);
3318 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & (S_ISUID|S_ISGID)) {
3323 if (PL_fdscript < 0 || PL_suidscript != 1)
3324 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Need (suid) fdscript in suidperl\n"); /* We already checked this */
3326 * Since the script is opened by perl, not suidperl, some of these
3327 * checks are superfluous. Leaving them in probably does not lower
3331 * Do checks even for systems with no HAS_SETREUID.
3332 * We used to swap, then re-swap UIDs with
3334 if (setreuid(PL_euid,PL_uid) < 0
3335 || PerlProc_getuid() != PL_euid || PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_uid)
3336 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't swap uid and euid");
3339 if (setreuid(PL_uid,PL_euid) < 0
3340 || PerlProc_getuid() != PL_uid || PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_euid)
3341 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't reswap uid and euid");
3345 /* On this access check to make sure the directories are readable,
3346 * there is actually a small window that the user could use to make
3347 * filename point to an accessible directory. So there is a faint
3348 * chance that someone could execute a setuid script down in a
3349 * non-accessible directory. I don't know what to do about that.
3350 * But I don't think it's too important. The manual lies when
3351 * it says access() is useful in setuid programs.
3353 * So, access() is pretty useless... but not harmful... do anyway.
3355 if (PerlLIO_access(CopFILE(PL_curcop),1)) { /*double check*/
3356 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't access() script\n");
3359 /* If we can swap euid and uid, then we can determine access rights
3360 * with a simple stat of the file, and then compare device and
3361 * inode to make sure we did stat() on the same file we opened.
3362 * Then we just have to make sure he or she can execute it.
3365 * As the script is opened by perl, not suidperl, we do not need to
3366 * care much about access rights.
3368 * The 'script changed' check is needed, or we can get lied to
3369 * about $0 with e.g.
3370 * suidperl /dev/fd/4//bin/x 4<setuidscript
3371 * Without HAS_SETREUID, is it safe to stat() as root?
3373 * Are there any operating systems that pass /dev/fd/xxx for setuid
3374 * scripts, as suggested/described in perlsec(1)? Surely they do not
3375 * pass the script name as we do, so the "script changed" test would
3376 * fail for them... but we never get here with
3377 * SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW defined.
3379 * This is one place where we must "lie" about return status: not
3380 * say if the stat() failed. We are doing this as root, and could
3381 * be tricked into reporting existence or not of files that the
3382 * "plain" user cannot even see.
3386 if (PerlLIO_stat(CopFILE(PL_curcop),&tmpstatbuf) < 0 ||
3387 tmpstatbuf.st_dev != PL_statbuf.st_dev ||
3388 tmpstatbuf.st_ino != PL_statbuf.st_ino) {
3389 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script changed\n");
3393 if (!cando(S_IXUSR,FALSE,&PL_statbuf)) /* can real uid exec? */
3394 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Real UID cannot exec script\n");
3397 * We used to do this check as the "plain" user (after swapping
3398 * UIDs). But the check for nosuid and noexec filesystem is needed,
3399 * and should be done even without HAS_SETREUID. (Maybe those
3400 * operating systems do not have such mount options anyway...)
3401 * Seems safe enough to do as root.
3403 #if !defined(NO_NOSUID_CHECK)
3404 if (fd_on_nosuid_fs(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp))) {
3405 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script on nosuid or noexec filesystem\n");
3408 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3410 if (!S_ISREG(PL_statbuf.st_mode)) {
3411 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script not plain file\n");
3413 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_IWOTH)
3414 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid/gid script is writable by world");
3415 PL_doswitches = FALSE; /* -s is insecure in suid */
3416 /* PSz 13 Nov 03 But -s was caught elsewhere ... so unsetting it here is useless(?!) */
3417 CopLINE_inc(PL_curcop);
3418 if (sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0) == Nullch ||
3419 strnNE(SvPV(PL_linestr,n_a),"#!",2) ) /* required even on Sys V */
3420 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No #! line");
3421 s = SvPV(PL_linestr,n_a)+2;
3423 /* Sanity check on line length */
3424 if (strlen(s) < 1 || strlen(s) > 4000)
3425 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Very long #! line");
3426 /* Allow more than a single space after #! */
3427 while (isSPACE(*s)) s++;
3428 /* Sanity check on buffer end */
3429 while ((*s) && !isSPACE(*s)) s++;
3430 for (s2 = s; (s2 > SvPV(PL_linestr,n_a)+2 &&
3431 (isDIGIT(s2[-1]) || s2[-1] == '.' || s2[-1] == '_'
3432 || s2[-1] == '-')); s2--) ;
3433 /* Sanity check on buffer start */
3434 if ( (s2-4 < SvPV(PL_linestr,n_a)+2 || strnNE(s2-4,"perl",4)) &&
3435 (s-9 < SvPV(PL_linestr,n_a)+2 || strnNE(s-9,"perl",4)) )
3436 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Not a perl script");
3437 while (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t') s++;
3439 * #! arg must be what we saw above. They can invoke it by
3440 * mentioning suidperl explicitly, but they may not add any strange
3441 * arguments beyond what #! says if they do invoke suidperl that way.
3444 * The way validarg was set up, we rely on the kernel to start
3445 * scripts with argv[1] set to contain all #! line switches (the
3449 * Check that we got all the arguments listed in the #! line (not
3450 * just that there are no extraneous arguments). Might not matter
3451 * much, as switches from #! line seem to be acted upon (also), and
3452 * so may be checked and trapped in perl. But, security checks must
3453 * be done in suidperl and not deferred to perl. Note that suidperl
3454 * does not get around to parsing (and checking) the switches on
3455 * the #! line (but execs perl sooner).
3456 * Allow (require) a trailing newline (which may be of two
3457 * characters on some architectures?) (but no other trailing
3460 len = strlen(validarg);
3461 if (strEQ(validarg," PHOOEY ") ||
3462 strnNE(s,validarg,len) || !isSPACE(s[len]) ||
3463 !(strlen(s) == len+1 || (strlen(s) == len+2 && isSPACE(s[len+1]))))
3464 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Args must match #! line");
3467 if (PL_fdscript < 0 &&
3468 PL_euid != PL_uid && (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID) &&
3469 PL_euid == PL_statbuf.st_uid)
3471 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "YOU HAVEN'T DISABLED SET-ID SCRIPTS IN THE KERNEL YET!\n\
3472 FIX YOUR KERNEL, OR PUT A C WRAPPER AROUND THIS SCRIPT!\n");
3473 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3475 if (PL_fdscript < 0 &&
3476 PL_euid) { /* oops, we're not the setuid root perl */
3478 * When root runs a setuid script, we do not go through the same
3479 * steps of execing sperl and then perl with fd scripts, but
3480 * simply set up UIDs within the same perl invocation; so do
3481 * not have the same checks (on options, whatever) that we have
3482 * for plain users. No problem really: would have to be a script
3483 * that does not actually work for plain users; and if root is
3484 * foolish and can be persuaded to run such an unsafe script, he
3485 * might run also non-setuid ones, and deserves what he gets.
3487 * Or, we might drop the PL_euid check above (and rely just on
3488 * PL_fdscript to avoid loops), and do the execs
3494 * Pass fd script to suidperl.
3495 * Exec suidperl, substituting fd script for scriptname.
3496 * Pass script name as "subdir" of fd, which perl will grok;
3497 * in fact will use that to distinguish this from "normal"
3498 * usage, see comments above.
3500 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
3501 PerlLIO_lseek(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),(Off_t)0,0); /* just in case rewind didn't */
3502 /* PSz 27 Feb 04 Sanity checks on scriptname */
3503 if ((!scriptname) || (!*scriptname) ) {
3504 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No setuid script name\n");
3506 if (*scriptname == '-') {
3507 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script name may not begin with dash\n");
3508 /* Or we might confuse it with an option when replacing
3509 * name in argument list, below (though we do pointer, not
3510 * string, comparisons).
3513 for (which = 1; PL_origargv[which] && PL_origargv[which] != scriptname; which++) ;
3514 if (!PL_origargv[which]) {
3515 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't change argv to have fd script\n");
3517 PL_origargv[which] = savepv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "/dev/fd/%d/%s",
3518 PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp), PL_origargv[which]));
3519 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3520 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,0); /* ensure no close-on-exec */
3523 PerlProc_execv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s/sperl"PERL_FS_VER_FMT, BIN_EXP,
3524 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
3525 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION), PL_origargv);
3527 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3528 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setuid (cannot exec sperl)\n");
3531 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISGID && PL_statbuf.st_gid != PL_egid) {
3533 * This seems back to front: we try HAS_SETEGID first; if not available
3534 * then try HAS_SETREGID; as a last chance we try HAS_SETRESGID. May be OK
3535 * in the sense that we only want to set EGID; but are there any machines
3536 * with either of the latter, but not the former? Same with UID, later.
3539 (void)setegid(PL_statbuf.st_gid);
3542 (void)setregid((Gid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_gid);
3544 #ifdef HAS_SETRESGID
3545 (void)setresgid((Gid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_gid,(Gid_t)-1);
3547 PerlProc_setgid(PL_statbuf.st_gid);
3551 if (PerlProc_getegid() != PL_statbuf.st_gid)
3552 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setegid!\n");
3554 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID) {
3555 if (PL_statbuf.st_uid != PL_euid)
3557 (void)seteuid(PL_statbuf.st_uid); /* all that for this */
3560 (void)setreuid((Uid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_uid);
3562 #ifdef HAS_SETRESUID
3563 (void)setresuid((Uid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_uid,(Uid_t)-1);
3565 PerlProc_setuid(PL_statbuf.st_uid);
3569 if (PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_statbuf.st_uid)
3570 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do seteuid!\n");
3572 else if (PL_uid) { /* oops, mustn't run as root */
3574 (void)seteuid((Uid_t)PL_uid);
3577 (void)setreuid((Uid_t)-1,(Uid_t)PL_uid);
3579 #ifdef HAS_SETRESUID
3580 (void)setresuid((Uid_t)-1,(Uid_t)PL_uid,(Uid_t)-1);
3582 PerlProc_setuid((Uid_t)PL_uid);
3586 if (PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_uid)
3587 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do seteuid!\n");
3590 if (!cando(S_IXUSR,TRUE,&PL_statbuf))
3591 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Effective UID cannot exec script\n"); /* they can't do this */
3594 else if (PL_preprocess) /* PSz 13 Nov 03 Caught elsewhere, useless(?!) here */
3595 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "-P not allowed for setuid/setgid script\n");
3596 else if (PL_fdscript < 0 || PL_suidscript != 1)
3597 /* PSz 13 Nov 03 Caught elsewhere, useless(?!) here */
3598 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "(suid) fdscript needed in suidperl\n");
3600 /* PSz 16 Sep 03 Keep neat error message */
3601 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Script is not setuid/setgid in suidperl\n");
3604 /* We absolutely must clear out any saved ids here, so we */
3605 /* exec the real perl, substituting fd script for scriptname. */
3606 /* (We pass script name as "subdir" of fd, which perl will grok.) */
3608 * It might be thought that using setresgid and/or setresuid (changed to
3609 * set the saved IDs) above might obviate the need to exec, and we could
3610 * go on to "do the perl thing".
3612 * Is there such a thing as "saved GID", and is that set for setuid (but
3613 * not setgid) execution like suidperl? Without exec, it would not be
3614 * cleared for setuid (but not setgid) scripts (or might need a dummy
3617 * We need suidperl to do the exact same argument checking that perl
3618 * does. Thus it cannot be very small; while it could be significantly
3619 * smaller, it is safer (simpler?) to make it essentially the same
3620 * binary as perl (but they are not identical). - Maybe could defer that
3621 * check to the invoked perl, and suidperl be a tiny wrapper instead;
3622 * but prefer to do thorough checks in suidperl itself. Such deferral
3623 * would make suidperl security rely on perl, a design no-no.
3625 * Setuid things should be short and simple, thus easy to understand and
3626 * verify. They should do their "own thing", without influence by
3627 * attackers. It may help if their internal execution flow is fixed,
3628 * regardless of platform: it may be best to exec anyway.
3630 * Suidperl should at least be conceptually simple: a wrapper only,
3631 * never to do any real perl. Maybe we should put
3633 * Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Suidperl should never do real perl\n");
3635 * into the perly bits.
3637 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
3638 PerlLIO_lseek(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),(Off_t)0,0); /* just in case rewind didn't */
3640 * Keep original arguments: suidperl already has fd script.
3642 /* for (which = 1; PL_origargv[which] && PL_origargv[which] != scriptname; which++) ; */
3643 /* if (!PL_origargv[which]) { */
3644 /* errno = EPERM; */
3645 /* Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Permission denied\n"); */
3647 /* PL_origargv[which] = savepv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "/dev/fd/%d/%s", */
3648 /* PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp), PL_origargv[which])); */
3649 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3650 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,0); /* ensure no close-on-exec */
3653 PerlProc_execv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s/perl"PERL_FS_VER_FMT, BIN_EXP,
3654 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
3655 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION), PL_origargv);/* try again */
3657 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setuid (suidperl cannot exec perl)\n");
3658 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3660 if (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid) { /* (suidperl doesn't exist, in fact) */
3661 #ifndef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
3662 PerlLIO_fstat(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),&PL_statbuf); /* may be either wrapped or real suid */
3663 if ((PL_euid != PL_uid && PL_euid == PL_statbuf.st_uid && PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID)
3665 (PL_egid != PL_gid && PL_egid == PL_statbuf.st_gid && PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISGID)
3668 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "YOU HAVEN'T DISABLED SET-ID SCRIPTS IN THE KERNEL YET!\n\
3669 FIX YOUR KERNEL, PUT A C WRAPPER AROUND THIS SCRIPT, OR USE -u AND UNDUMP!\n");
3670 #endif /* SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW */
3671 /* not set-id, must be wrapped */
3677 S_find_beginning(pTHX)
3679 register char *s, *s2;
3680 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3684 /* skip forward in input to the real script? */
3687 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3688 /* Since the Mac OS does not honor #! arguments for us, we do it ourselves */
3690 while (PL_doextract || gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
3691 if ((s = sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0)) == Nullch) {
3692 if (!gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract)
3693 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No Perl script found in input\n");
3695 if (PL_doextract) /* require explicit override ? */
3696 if (!OverrideExtract(PL_origfilename))
3697 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "User aborted script\n");
3699 PL_doextract = FALSE;
3701 /* Pater peccavi, file does not have #! */
3702 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
3707 while (PL_doextract) {
3708 if ((s = sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0)) == Nullch)
3709 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No Perl script found in input\n");
3712 if (*s == '#' && s[1] == '!' && ((s = instr(s,"perl")) || (s = instr(s2,"PERL")))) {
3713 PerlIO_ungetc(PL_rsfp, '\n'); /* to keep line count right */
3714 PL_doextract = FALSE;
3715 while (*s && !(isSPACE (*s) || *s == '#')) s++;
3717 while (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t') s++;
3719 while (isDIGIT(s2[-1]) || s2[-1] == '-' || s2[-1] == '.'
3720 || s2[-1] == '_') s2--;
3721 if (strnEQ(s2-4,"perl",4))
3723 while ((s = moreswitches(s)))
3726 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3727 /* We are always searching for the #!perl line in MacPerl,
3728 * so if we find it, still keep the line count correct
3729 * by counting lines we already skipped over
3731 for (; maclines > 0 ; maclines--)
3732 PerlIO_ungetc(PL_rsfp, '\n');
3736 /* gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract is false in MPW tool */
3737 } else if (gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
3748 PL_uid = PerlProc_getuid();
3749 PL_euid = PerlProc_geteuid();
3750 PL_gid = PerlProc_getgid();
3751 PL_egid = PerlProc_getegid();
3753 PL_uid |= PL_gid << 16;
3754 PL_euid |= PL_egid << 16;
3756 /* Should not happen: */
3757 CHECK_MALLOC_TAINT(PL_uid && (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid));
3758 PL_tainting |= (PL_uid && (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid));
3761 * Should go by suidscript, not uid!=euid: why disallow
3762 * system("ls") in scripts run from setuid things?
3763 * Or, is this run before we check arguments and set suidscript?
3764 * What about SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW: could we use fdscript then?
3765 * (We never have suidscript, can we be sure to have fdscript?)
3766 * Or must then go by UID checks? See comments in forbid_setid also.
3770 /* This is used very early in the lifetime of the program,
3771 * before even the options are parsed, so PL_tainting has
3772 * not been initialized properly. */
3774 Perl_doing_taint(int argc, char *argv[], char *envp[])
3776 #ifndef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
3777 /* If we have PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS we can't call getuid() et alia
3778 * before we have an interpreter-- and the whole point of this
3779 * function is to be called at such an early stage. If you are on
3780 * a system with PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS but you do have a concept of
3781 * "tainted because running with altered effective ids', you'll
3782 * have to add your own checks somewhere in here. The two most
3783 * known samples of 'implicitness' are Win32 and NetWare, neither
3784 * of which has much of concept of 'uids'. */
3785 int uid = PerlProc_getuid();
3786 int euid = PerlProc_geteuid();
3787 int gid = PerlProc_getgid();
3788 int egid = PerlProc_getegid();
3794 if (uid && (euid != uid || egid != gid))
3796 #endif /* !PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS */
3797 /* This is a really primitive check; environment gets ignored only
3798 * if -T are the first chars together; otherwise one gets
3799 * "Too late" message. */
3800 if ( argc > 1 && argv[1][0] == '-'
3801 && (argv[1][1] == 't' || argv[1][1] == 'T') )
3807 S_forbid_setid(pTHX_ char *s)
3809 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
3810 if (PL_euid != PL_uid)
3811 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed while running setuid", s);
3812 if (PL_egid != PL_gid)
3813 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed while running setgid", s);
3814 #endif /* SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW */
3816 * Checks for UID/GID above "wrong": why disallow
3817 * perl -e 'print "Hello\n"'
3818 * from within setuid things?? Simply drop them: replaced by
3819 * fdscript/suidscript and #ifdef IAMSUID checks below.
3821 * This may be too late for command-line switches. Will catch those on
3822 * the #! line, after finding the script name and setting up
3823 * fdscript/suidscript. Note that suidperl does not get around to
3824 * parsing (and checking) the switches on the #! line, but checks that
3825 * the two sets are identical.
3827 * With SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW, could we use fdscript, also or
3828 * instead, or would that be "too late"? (We never have suidscript, can
3829 * we be sure to have fdscript?)
3831 * Catch things with suidscript (in descendant of suidperl), even with
3832 * right UID/GID. Was already checked in suidperl, with #ifdef IAMSUID,
3833 * below; but I am paranoid.
3835 * Also see comments about root running a setuid script, elsewhere.
3837 if (PL_suidscript >= 0)
3838 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed with (suid) fdscript", s);
3840 /* PSz 11 Nov 03 Catch it in suidperl, always! */
3841 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed in suidperl", s);
3842 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3846 Perl_init_debugger(pTHX)
3848 HV *ostash = PL_curstash;
3850 PL_curstash = PL_debstash;
3851 PL_dbargs = GvAV(gv_AVadd((gv_fetchpv("DB::args", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVAV))));
3852 AvREAL_off(PL_dbargs);
3853 PL_DBgv = gv_fetchpv("DB::DB", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVGV);
3854 PL_DBline = gv_fetchpv("DB::dbline", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVAV);
3855 PL_DBsub = gv_HVadd(gv_fetchpv("DB::sub", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
3856 sv_upgrade(GvSV(PL_DBsub), SVt_IV); /* IVX accessed if PERLDB_SUB_NN */
3857 PL_DBsingle = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("DB::single", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
3858 sv_setiv(PL_DBsingle, 0);
3859 PL_DBtrace = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("DB::trace", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
3860 sv_setiv(PL_DBtrace, 0);
3861 PL_DBsignal = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("DB::signal", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
3862 sv_setiv(PL_DBsignal, 0);
3863 PL_DBassertion = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("DB::assertion", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
3864 sv_setiv(PL_DBassertion, 0);
3865 PL_curstash = ostash;
3868 #ifndef STRESS_REALLOC
3869 #define REASONABLE(size) (size)
3871 #define REASONABLE(size) (1) /* unreasonable */
3875 Perl_init_stacks(pTHX)
3877 /* start with 128-item stack and 8K cxstack */
3878 PL_curstackinfo = new_stackinfo(REASONABLE(128),
3879 REASONABLE(8192/sizeof(PERL_CONTEXT) - 1));
3880 PL_curstackinfo->si_type = PERLSI_MAIN;
3881 PL_curstack = PL_curstackinfo->si_stack;
3882 PL_mainstack = PL_curstack; /* remember in case we switch stacks */
3884 PL_stack_base = AvARRAY(PL_curstack);
3885 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base;
3886 PL_stack_max = PL_stack_base + AvMAX(PL_curstack);
3888 New(50,PL_tmps_stack,REASONABLE(128),SV*);
3891 PL_tmps_max = REASONABLE(128);
3893 New(54,PL_markstack,REASONABLE(32),I32);
3894 PL_markstack_ptr = PL_markstack;
3895 PL_markstack_max = PL_markstack + REASONABLE(32);
3899 New(54,PL_scopestack,REASONABLE(32),I32);
3900 PL_scopestack_ix = 0;
3901 PL_scopestack_max = REASONABLE(32);
3903 New(54,PL_savestack,REASONABLE(128),ANY);
3904 PL_savestack_ix = 0;
3905 PL_savestack_max = REASONABLE(128);
3913 while (PL_curstackinfo->si_next)
3914 PL_curstackinfo = PL_curstackinfo->si_next;
3915 while (PL_curstackinfo) {
3916 PERL_SI *p = PL_curstackinfo->si_prev;
3917 /* curstackinfo->si_stack got nuked by sv_free_arenas() */
3918 Safefree(PL_curstackinfo->si_cxstack);
3919 Safefree(PL_curstackinfo);
3920 PL_curstackinfo = p;
3922 Safefree(PL_tmps_stack);
3923 Safefree(PL_markstack);
3924 Safefree(PL_scopestack);
3925 Safefree(PL_savestack);
3934 lex_start(PL_linestr);
3936 PL_subname = newSVpvn("main",4);
3940 S_init_predump_symbols(pTHX)
3945 sv_setpvn(get_sv("\"", TRUE), " ", 1);
3946 PL_stdingv = gv_fetchpv("STDIN",TRUE, SVt_PVIO);
3947 GvMULTI_on(PL_stdingv);
3948 io = GvIOp(PL_stdingv);
3949 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_RDONLY;
3950 IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stdin();
3951 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("stdin",TRUE, SVt_PV);
3953 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc(io);
3955 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("STDOUT",TRUE, SVt_PVIO);
3958 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_WRONLY;
3959 IoOFP(io) = IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stdout();
3961 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("stdout",TRUE, SVt_PV);
3963 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc(io);
3965 PL_stderrgv = gv_fetchpv("STDERR",TRUE, SVt_PVIO);
3966 GvMULTI_on(PL_stderrgv);
3967 io = GvIOp(PL_stderrgv);
3968 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_WRONLY;
3969 IoOFP(io) = IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stderr();
3970 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("stderr",TRUE, SVt_PV);
3972 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc(io);
3974 PL_statname = NEWSV(66,0); /* last filename we did stat on */
3977 Safefree(PL_osname);
3978 PL_osname = savepv(OSNAME);
3982 Perl_init_argv_symbols(pTHX_ register int argc, register char **argv)
3985 argc--,argv++; /* skip name of script */
3986 if (PL_doswitches) {
3987 for (; argc > 0 && **argv == '-'; argc--,argv++) {
3990 if (argv[0][1] == '-' && !argv[0][2]) {
3994 if ((s = strchr(argv[0], '='))) {
3996 sv_setpv(GvSV(gv_fetchpv(argv[0]+1,TRUE, SVt_PV)),s);
3999 sv_setiv(GvSV(gv_fetchpv(argv[0]+1,TRUE, SVt_PV)),1);
4002 if ((PL_argvgv = gv_fetchpv("ARGV",TRUE, SVt_PVAV))) {
4003 GvMULTI_on(PL_argvgv);
4004 (void)gv_AVadd(PL_argvgv);
4005 av_clear(GvAVn(PL_argvgv));
4006 for (; argc > 0; argc--,argv++) {
4007 SV *sv = newSVpv(argv[0],0);
4008 av_push(GvAVn(PL_argvgv),sv);
4009 if (!(PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_LOCALE_FLAG) || PL_utf8locale) {
4010 if (PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_ARGV_FLAG)
4013 if (PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_WIDESYSCALLS_FLAG) /* Sarathy? */
4014 (void)sv_utf8_decode(sv);
4020 S_init_postdump_symbols(pTHX_ register int argc, register char **argv, register char **env)
4026 PL_toptarget = NEWSV(0,0);
4027 sv_upgrade(PL_toptarget, SVt_PVFM);
4028 sv_setpvn(PL_toptarget, "", 0);
4029 PL_bodytarget = NEWSV(0,0);
4030 sv_upgrade(PL_bodytarget, SVt_PVFM);
4031 sv_setpvn(PL_bodytarget, "", 0);
4032 PL_formtarget = PL_bodytarget;
4036 init_argv_symbols(argc,argv);
4038 if ((tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("0",TRUE, SVt_PV))) {
4039 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4040 /* $0 is not majick on a Mac */
4041 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv),MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
4043 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv),PL_origfilename);
4044 magicname("0", "0", 1);
4047 if ((PL_envgv = gv_fetchpv("ENV",TRUE, SVt_PVHV))) {
4049 GvMULTI_on(PL_envgv);
4050 hv = GvHVn(PL_envgv);
4051 hv_magic(hv, Nullgv, PERL_MAGIC_env);
4053 #ifdef USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY
4054 /* Note that if the supplied env parameter is actually a copy
4055 of the global environ then it may now point to free'd memory
4056 if the environment has been modified since. To avoid this
4057 problem we treat env==NULL as meaning 'use the default'
4062 # ifdef USE_ITHREADS
4063 && PL_curinterp == aTHX
4067 environ[0] = Nullch;
4070 char** origenv = environ;
4071 for (; *env; env++) {
4072 if (!(s = strchr(*env,'=')) || s == *env)
4074 #if defined(MSDOS) && !defined(DJGPP)
4079 sv = newSVpv(s+1, 0);
4080 (void)hv_store(hv, *env, s - *env, sv, 0);
4083 if (origenv != environ) {
4084 /* realloc has shifted us */
4085 env = (env - origenv) + environ;
4090 #endif /* USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY */
4091 #endif /* !PERL_MICRO */
4094 if ((tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("$",TRUE, SVt_PV))) {
4095 SvREADONLY_off(GvSV(tmpgv));
4096 sv_setiv(GvSV(tmpgv), (IV)PerlProc_getpid());
4097 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(tmpgv));
4099 #ifdef THREADS_HAVE_PIDS
4100 PL_ppid = (IV)getppid();
4103 /* touch @F array to prevent spurious warnings 20020415 MJD */
4105 (void) get_av("main::F", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4107 /* touch @- and @+ arrays to prevent spurious warnings 20020415 MJD */
4108 (void) get_av("main::-", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4109 (void) get_av("main::+", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4113 S_init_perllib(pTHX)
4118 s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL5LIB");
4120 incpush(s, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE);
4122 incpush(PerlEnv_getenv("PERLLIB"), FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4124 /* Treat PERL5?LIB as a possible search list logical name -- the
4125 * "natural" VMS idiom for a Unix path string. We allow each
4126 * element to be a set of |-separated directories for compatibility.
4130 if (my_trnlnm("PERL5LIB",buf,0))
4131 do { incpush(buf,TRUE,TRUE,TRUE,FALSE); } while (my_trnlnm("PERL5LIB",buf,++idx));
4133 while (my_trnlnm("PERLLIB",buf,idx++)) incpush(buf,FALSE,FALSE,TRUE,FALSE);
4137 /* Use the ~-expanded versions of APPLLIB (undocumented),
4138 ARCHLIB PRIVLIB SITEARCH SITELIB VENDORARCH and VENDORLIB
4141 incpush(APPLLIB_EXP, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4145 incpush(ARCHLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4147 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4150 SV * privdir = NEWSV(55, 0);
4151 char * macperl = PerlEnv_getenv("MACPERL");
4156 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ privdir, "%slib:", macperl);
4157 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(privdir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 && S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode))
4158 incpush(SvPVX(privdir), TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4159 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ privdir, "%ssite_perl:", macperl);
4160 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(privdir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 && S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode))
4161 incpush(SvPVX(privdir), TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4163 SvREFCNT_dec(privdir);
4166 incpush(":", FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4169 # define PRIVLIB_EXP "/usr/local/lib/perl5:/usr/local/lib/perl"
4172 incpush(PRIVLIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4174 incpush(PRIVLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4178 /* sitearch is always relative to sitelib on Windows for
4179 * DLL-based path intuition to work correctly */
4180 # if !defined(WIN32)
4181 incpush(SITEARCH_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4187 /* this picks up sitearch as well */
4188 incpush(SITELIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4190 incpush(SITELIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4194 #ifdef SITELIB_STEM /* Search for version-specific dirs below here */
4195 incpush(SITELIB_STEM, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4198 #ifdef PERL_VENDORARCH_EXP
4199 /* vendorarch is always relative to vendorlib on Windows for
4200 * DLL-based path intuition to work correctly */
4201 # if !defined(WIN32)
4202 incpush(PERL_VENDORARCH_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4206 #ifdef PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP
4208 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE); /* this picks up vendorarch as well */
4210 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4214 #ifdef PERL_VENDORLIB_STEM /* Search for version-specific dirs below here */
4215 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_STEM, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4218 #ifdef PERL_OTHERLIBDIRS
4219 incpush(PERL_OTHERLIBDIRS, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4223 incpush(".", FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4224 #endif /* MACOS_TRADITIONAL */
4227 #if defined(DOSISH) || defined(EPOC)
4228 # define PERLLIB_SEP ';'
4231 # define PERLLIB_SEP '|'
4233 # if defined(MACOS_TRADITIONAL)
4234 # define PERLLIB_SEP ','
4236 # define PERLLIB_SEP ':'
4240 #ifndef PERLLIB_MANGLE
4241 # define PERLLIB_MANGLE(s,n) (s)
4244 /* Push a directory onto @INC if it exists.
4245 Generate a new SV if we do this, to save needing to copy the SV we push
4248 S_incpush_if_exists(pTHX_ SV *dir)
4251 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(dir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 &&
4252 S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode)) {
4253 av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), dir);
4260 S_incpush(pTHX_ char *p, int addsubdirs, int addoldvers, int usesep,
4263 SV *subdir = Nullsv;
4268 if (addsubdirs || addoldvers) {
4269 subdir = NEWSV(0,0);
4272 /* Break at all separators */
4274 SV *libdir = NEWSV(55,0);
4277 /* skip any consecutive separators */
4279 while ( *p == PERLLIB_SEP ) {
4280 /* Uncomment the next line for PATH semantics */
4281 /* av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), newSVpvn(".", 1)); */
4286 if ( usesep && (s = strchr(p, PERLLIB_SEP)) != Nullch ) {
4287 sv_setpvn(libdir, PERLLIB_MANGLE(p, (STRLEN)(s - p)),
4292 sv_setpv(libdir, PERLLIB_MANGLE(p, 0));
4293 p = Nullch; /* break out */
4295 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4296 if (!strchr(SvPVX(libdir), ':')) {
4299 sv_setpv(libdir, MacPerl_CanonDir(SvPVX(libdir), buf, 0));
4301 if (SvPVX(libdir)[SvCUR(libdir)-1] != ':')
4302 sv_catpv(libdir, ":");
4305 #ifdef PERL_RELOCATABLE_INC
4307 * Relocatable include entries are marked with a leading .../
4310 * 0: Remove that leading ".../"
4311 * 1: Remove trailing executable name (anything after the last '/')
4312 * from the perl path to give a perl prefix
4314 * While the @INC element starts "../" and the prefix ends with a real
4315 * directory (ie not . or ..) chop that real directory off the prefix
4316 * and the leading "../" from the @INC element. ie a logical "../"
4318 * Finally concatenate the prefix and the remainder of the @INC element
4319 * The intent is that /usr/local/bin/perl and .../../lib/perl5
4320 * generates /usr/local/lib/perl5
4323 char *libpath = SvPVX(libdir);
4324 STRLEN libpath_len = SvCUR(libdir);
4325 if (libpath_len >= 4 && memEQ (libpath, ".../", 4)) {
4327 SV *caret_X = get_sv("\030", 0);
4328 /* Going to use the SV just as a scratch buffer holding a C
4334 /* $^X is *the* source of taint if tainting is on, hence
4335 SvPOK() won't be true. */
4337 assert(SvPOKp(caret_X));
4338 prefix_sv = newSVpvn(SvPVX(caret_X), SvCUR(caret_X));
4339 /* Firstly take off the leading .../
4340 If all else fail we'll do the paths relative to the current
4342 sv_chop(libdir, libpath + 4);
4343 /* Don't use SvPV as we're intentionally bypassing taining,
4344 mortal copies that the mg_get of tainting creates, and
4345 corruption that seems to come via the save stack.
4346 I guess that the save stack isn't correctly set up yet. */
4347 libpath = SvPVX(libdir);
4348 libpath_len = SvCUR(libdir);
4350 /* This would work more efficiently with memrchr, but as it's
4351 only a GNU extension we'd need to probe for it and
4352 implement our own. Not hard, but maybe not worth it? */
4354 prefix = SvPVX(prefix_sv);
4355 lastslash = strrchr(prefix, '/');
4357 /* First time in with the *lastslash = '\0' we just wipe off
4358 the trailing /perl from (say) /usr/foo/bin/perl
4362 while ((*lastslash = '\0'), /* Do that, come what may. */
4363 (libpath_len >= 3 && memEQ(libpath, "../", 3)
4364 && (lastslash = strrchr(prefix, '/')))) {
4365 if (lastslash[1] == '\0'
4366 || (lastslash[1] == '.'
4367 && (lastslash[2] == '/' /* ends "/." */
4368 || (lastslash[2] == '/'
4369 && lastslash[3] == '/' /* or "/.." */
4371 /* Prefix ends "/" or "/." or "/..", any of which
4372 are fishy, so don't do any more logical cleanup.
4376 /* Remove leading "../" from path */
4379 /* Next iteration round the loop removes the last
4380 directory name from prefix by writing a '\0' in
4381 the while clause. */
4383 /* prefix has been terminated with a '\0' to the correct
4384 length. libpath points somewhere into the libdir SV.
4385 We need to join the 2 with '/' and drop the result into
4387 tempsv = Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "%s/%s", prefix, libpath);
4388 SvREFCNT_dec(libdir);
4389 /* And this is the new libdir. */
4392 (PL_uid != PL_euid || PL_gid != PL_egid)) {
4393 /* Need to taint reloccated paths if running set ID */
4394 SvTAINTED_on(libdir);
4397 SvREFCNT_dec(prefix_sv);
4402 * BEFORE pushing libdir onto @INC we may first push version- and
4403 * archname-specific sub-directories.
4405 if (addsubdirs || addoldvers) {
4406 #ifdef PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST
4407 /* Configure terminates PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST with a NULL */
4408 const char *incverlist[] = { PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST };
4409 const char **incver;
4415 if ((unix = tounixspec_ts(SvPV(libdir,len),Nullch)) != Nullch) {
4417 while (unix[len-1] == '/') len--; /* Cosmetic */
4418 sv_usepvn(libdir,unix,len);
4421 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log,
4422 "Failed to unixify @INC element \"%s\"\n",
4426 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4427 #define PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT ""
4428 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT "%s:"
4429 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_FS_VER_FMT PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT
4431 #define PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT "/"
4432 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT "/%s"
4433 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT PERL_FS_VER_FMT
4435 /* .../version/archname if -d .../version/archname */
4436 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_ARCH_FMT,
4438 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
4439 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION, ARCHNAME);
4440 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
4442 /* .../version if -d .../version */
4443 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH, libdir,
4444 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
4445 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION);
4446 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
4448 /* .../archname if -d .../archname */
4449 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT, libdir, ARCHNAME);
4450 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
4454 #ifdef PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST
4456 for (incver = incverlist; *incver; incver++) {
4457 /* .../xxx if -d .../xxx */
4458 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT, libdir, *incver);
4459 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
4465 /* finally push this lib directory on the end of @INC */
4466 av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), libdir);
4469 assert (SvREFCNT(subdir) == 1);
4470 SvREFCNT_dec(subdir);
4474 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
4475 STATIC struct perl_thread *
4476 S_init_main_thread(pTHX)
4478 #if !defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
4479 struct perl_thread *thr;
4483 Newz(53, thr, 1, struct perl_thread);
4484 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
4485 thr->interp = PERL_GET_INTERP;
4486 thr->cvcache = newHV();
4487 thr->threadsv = newAV();
4488 /* thr->threadsvp is set when find_threadsv is called */
4489 thr->specific = newAV();
4490 thr->flags = THRf_R_JOINABLE;
4491 MUTEX_INIT(&thr->mutex);
4492 /* Handcraft thrsv similarly to mess_sv */
4493 New(53, PL_thrsv, 1, SV);
4494 Newz(53, xpv, 1, XPV);
4495 SvFLAGS(PL_thrsv) = SVt_PV;
4496 SvANY(PL_thrsv) = (void*)xpv;
4497 SvREFCNT(PL_thrsv) = 1 << 30; /* practically infinite */
4498 SvPVX(PL_thrsv) = (char*)thr;
4499 SvCUR_set(PL_thrsv, sizeof(thr));
4500 SvLEN_set(PL_thrsv, sizeof(thr));
4501 *SvEND(PL_thrsv) = '\0'; /* in the trailing_nul field */
4502 thr->oursv = PL_thrsv;
4503 PL_chopset = " \n-";
4506 MUTEX_LOCK(&PL_threads_mutex);
4512 MUTEX_UNLOCK(&PL_threads_mutex);
4514 #ifdef HAVE_THREAD_INTERN
4515 Perl_init_thread_intern(thr);
4518 #ifdef SET_THREAD_SELF
4519 SET_THREAD_SELF(thr);
4521 thr->self = pthread_self();
4522 #endif /* SET_THREAD_SELF */
4526 * These must come after the thread self setting
4527 * because sv_setpvn does SvTAINT and the taint
4528 * fields thread selfness being set.
4530 PL_toptarget = NEWSV(0,0);
4531 sv_upgrade(PL_toptarget, SVt_PVFM);
4532 sv_setpvn(PL_toptarget, "", 0);
4533 PL_bodytarget = NEWSV(0,0);
4534 sv_upgrade(PL_bodytarget, SVt_PVFM);
4535 sv_setpvn(PL_bodytarget, "", 0);
4536 PL_formtarget = PL_bodytarget;
4537 thr->errsv = newSVpvn("", 0);
4538 (void) find_threadsv("@"); /* Ensure $@ is initialised early */
4541 PL_peepp = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_peep);
4542 PL_regcompp = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_pregcomp);
4543 PL_regexecp = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_regexec_flags);
4544 PL_regint_start = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_re_intuit_start);
4545 PL_regint_string = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_re_intuit_string);
4546 PL_regfree = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_pregfree);
4548 PL_reginterp_cnt = 0;
4552 #endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
4555 Perl_call_list(pTHX_ I32 oldscope, AV *paramList)
4558 line_t oldline = CopLINE(PL_curcop);
4564 while (AvFILL(paramList) >= 0) {
4565 cv = (CV*)av_shift(paramList);
4567 if (paramList == PL_beginav) {
4568 /* save PL_beginav for compiler */
4569 if (! PL_beginav_save)
4570 PL_beginav_save = newAV();
4571 av_push(PL_beginav_save, (SV*)cv);
4573 else if (paramList == PL_checkav) {
4574 /* save PL_checkav for compiler */
4575 if (! PL_checkav_save)
4576 PL_checkav_save = newAV();
4577 av_push(PL_checkav_save, (SV*)cv);
4587 (void)SvPV(atsv, len);
4589 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
4590 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
4591 if (paramList == PL_beginav)
4592 sv_catpv(atsv, "BEGIN failed--compilation aborted");
4594 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ atsv,
4595 "%s failed--call queue aborted",
4596 paramList == PL_checkav ? "CHECK"
4597 : paramList == PL_initav ? "INIT"
4599 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
4602 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%"SVf"", atsv);
4609 /* my_exit() was called */
4610 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
4613 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
4614 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
4615 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
4617 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED)) {
4618 if (paramList == PL_beginav)
4619 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "BEGIN failed--compilation aborted");
4621 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s failed--call queue aborted",
4622 paramList == PL_checkav ? "CHECK"
4623 : paramList == PL_initav ? "INIT"
4630 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
4631 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
4634 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: restartop\n");
4643 S_call_list_body(pTHX_ CV *cv)
4645 PUSHMARK(PL_stack_sp);
4646 call_sv((SV*)cv, G_EVAL|G_DISCARD);
4651 Perl_my_exit(pTHX_ U32 status)
4653 DEBUG_S(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "my_exit: thread %p, status %lu\n",
4654 thr, (unsigned long) status));
4663 STATUS_NATIVE_SET(status);
4670 Perl_my_failure_exit(pTHX)
4673 if (vaxc$errno & 1) {
4674 if (STATUS_NATIVE & 1) /* fortuitiously includes "-1" */
4675 STATUS_NATIVE_SET(44);
4678 if (!vaxc$errno) /* unlikely */
4679 STATUS_NATIVE_SET(44);
4681 STATUS_NATIVE_SET(vaxc$errno);
4686 STATUS_POSIX_SET(errno);
4688 exitstatus = STATUS_POSIX >> 8;
4689 if (exitstatus & 255)
4690 STATUS_POSIX_SET(exitstatus);
4692 STATUS_POSIX_SET(255);
4699 S_my_exit_jump(pTHX)
4701 register PERL_CONTEXT *cx;
4706 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
4707 PL_e_script = Nullsv;
4710 POPSTACK_TO(PL_mainstack);
4711 if (cxstack_ix >= 0) {
4714 POPBLOCK(cx,PL_curpm);
4722 read_e_script(pTHX_ int idx, SV *buf_sv, int maxlen)
4725 p = SvPVX(PL_e_script);
4726 nl = strchr(p, '\n');
4727 nl = (nl) ? nl+1 : SvEND(PL_e_script);
4729 filter_del(read_e_script);
4732 sv_catpvn(buf_sv, p, nl-p);
4733 sv_chop(PL_e_script, nl);