3 * Copyright (C) 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
4 * 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * "A ship then new they built for him/of mithril and of elven glass" --Bilbo
15 /* This file contains the top-level functions that are used to create, use
16 * and destroy a perl interpreter, plus the functions used by XS code to
17 * call back into perl. Note that it does not contain the actual main()
18 * function of the interpreter; that can be found in perlmain.c
23 * Be proud that perl(1) may proclaim:
24 * Setuid Perl scripts are safer than C programs ...
25 * Do not abandon (deprecate) suidperl. Do not advocate C wrappers.
27 * The flow was: perl starts, notices script is suid, execs suidperl with same
28 * arguments; suidperl opens script, checks many things, sets itself with
29 * right UID, execs perl with similar arguments but with script pre-opened on
30 * /dev/fd/xxx; perl checks script is as should be and does work. This was
31 * insecure: see perlsec(1) for many problems with this approach.
33 * The "correct" flow should be: perl starts, opens script and notices it is
34 * suid, checks many things, execs suidperl with similar arguments but with
35 * script on /dev/fd/xxx; suidperl checks script and /dev/fd/xxx object are
36 * same, checks arguments match #! line, sets itself with right UID, execs
37 * perl with same arguments; perl checks many things and does work.
39 * (Opening the script in perl instead of suidperl, we "lose" scripts that
40 * are readable to the target UID but not to the invoker. Where did
41 * unreadable scripts work anyway?)
43 * For now, suidperl and perl are pretty much the same large and cumbersome
44 * program, so suidperl can check its argument list (see comments elsewhere).
47 * Original bug report:
48 * http://bugs.perl.org/index.html?req=bug_id&bug_id=20010322.218
49 * http://rt.perl.org/rt2/Ticket/Display.html?id=6511
50 * Comments and discussion with Debian:
51 * http://bugs.debian.org/203426
52 * http://bugs.debian.org/220486
53 * Debian Security Advisory DSA 431-1 (does not fully fix problem):
54 * http://www.debian.org/security/2004/dsa-431
56 * http://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CAN-2003-0618
57 * Previous versions of this patch sent to perl5-porters:
58 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg71953.html
59 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75245.html
60 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75563.html
61 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75635.html
63 Paul Szabo - psz@maths.usyd.edu.au http://www.maths.usyd.edu.au:8000/u/psz/
64 School of Mathematics and Statistics University of Sydney 2006 Australia
68 * Use truthful, neat, specific error messages.
69 * Cannot always hide the truth; security must not depend on doing so.
73 * Use global(?), thread-local fdscript for easier checks.
74 * (I do not understand how we could possibly get a thread race:
75 * do not all threads go through the same initialization? Or in
76 * fact, are not threads started only after we get the script and
77 * so know what to do? Oh well, make things super-safe...)
81 #define PERL_IN_PERL_C
83 #include "patchlevel.h" /* for local_patches */
87 char *nw_get_sitelib(const char *pl);
90 /* XXX If this causes problems, set i_unistd=undef in the hint file. */
95 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
97 # include <sys/wait.h>
100 # include <sys/uio.h>
105 char control[CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(int))];
122 #if !defined(STANDARD_C) && !defined(HAS_GETENV_PROTOTYPE) && !defined(PERL_MICRO)
123 char *getenv (char *); /* Usually in <stdlib.h> */
126 static I32 read_e_script(pTHX_ int idx, SV *buf_sv, int maxlen);
134 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
141 S_init_tls_and_interp(PerlInterpreter *my_perl)
145 PERL_SET_INTERP(my_perl);
146 #if defined(USE_ITHREADS)
149 PERL_SET_THX(my_perl);
151 MUTEX_INIT(&PL_dollarzero_mutex);
153 #ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
154 MUTEX_INIT(&PL_my_ctx_mutex);
158 PERL_SET_THX(my_perl);
162 #ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
164 perl_alloc_using(struct IPerlMem* ipM, struct IPerlMem* ipMS,
165 struct IPerlMem* ipMP, struct IPerlEnv* ipE,
166 struct IPerlStdIO* ipStd, struct IPerlLIO* ipLIO,
167 struct IPerlDir* ipD, struct IPerlSock* ipS,
168 struct IPerlProc* ipP)
170 PerlInterpreter *my_perl;
171 /* Newx() needs interpreter, so call malloc() instead */
172 my_perl = (PerlInterpreter*)(*ipM->pMalloc)(ipM, sizeof(PerlInterpreter));
173 S_init_tls_and_interp(my_perl);
174 Zero(my_perl, 1, PerlInterpreter);
184 INIT_TRACK_MEMPOOL(PL_memory_debug_header, my_perl);
191 =head1 Embedding Functions
193 =for apidoc perl_alloc
195 Allocates a new Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
203 PerlInterpreter *my_perl;
205 /* Newx() needs interpreter, so call malloc() instead */
206 my_perl = (PerlInterpreter*)PerlMem_malloc(sizeof(PerlInterpreter));
208 S_init_tls_and_interp(my_perl);
209 #ifndef PERL_TRACK_MEMPOOL
210 return (PerlInterpreter *) ZeroD(my_perl, 1, PerlInterpreter);
212 Zero(my_perl, 1, PerlInterpreter);
213 INIT_TRACK_MEMPOOL(PL_memory_debug_header, my_perl);
217 #endif /* PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS */
220 =for apidoc perl_construct
222 Initializes a new Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
228 perl_construct(pTHXx)
234 PL_perl_destruct_level = 1;
236 if (PL_perl_destruct_level > 0)
239 /* Init the real globals (and main thread)? */
241 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling; /* needed by ckWARN, right away */
243 PL_linestr = newSV(79);
244 sv_upgrade(PL_linestr,SVt_PVIV);
246 if (!SvREADONLY(&PL_sv_undef)) {
247 /* set read-only and try to insure than we wont see REFCNT==0
250 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_undef);
251 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_undef) = (~(U32)0)/2;
253 sv_setpv(&PL_sv_no,PL_No);
254 /* value lookup in void context - happens to have the side effect
255 of caching the numeric forms. */
258 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_no);
259 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_no) = (~(U32)0)/2;
261 sv_setpv(&PL_sv_yes,PL_Yes);
264 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_yes);
265 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_yes) = (~(U32)0)/2;
267 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_placeholder);
268 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_placeholder) = (~(U32)0)/2;
271 PL_sighandlerp = (Sighandler_t) Perl_sighandler;
272 #ifdef PERL_USES_PL_PIDSTATUS
273 PL_pidstatus = newHV();
277 PL_rs = newSVpvs("\n");
282 PL_lex_state = LEX_NOTPARSING;
288 SET_NUMERIC_STANDARD();
290 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
291 PL_localpatches = local_patches; /* For possible -v */
294 #ifdef HAVE_INTERP_INTERN
298 PerlIO_init(aTHX); /* Hook to IO system */
300 PL_fdpid = newAV(); /* for remembering popen pids by fd */
301 PL_modglobal = newHV(); /* pointers to per-interpreter module globals */
302 PL_errors = newSVpvs("");
303 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(0), "", 0); /* For regex debugging. */
304 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(1), "", 0); /* ext/re needs these */
305 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(2), "", 0); /* even without DEBUGGING. */
307 PL_regex_padav = newAV();
308 av_push(PL_regex_padav,(SV*)newAV()); /* First entry is an array of empty elements */
309 PL_regex_pad = AvARRAY(PL_regex_padav);
311 #ifdef USE_REENTRANT_API
312 Perl_reentrant_init(aTHX);
315 /* Note that strtab is a rather special HV. Assumptions are made
316 about not iterating on it, and not adding tie magic to it.
317 It is properly deallocated in perl_destruct() */
320 HvSHAREKEYS_off(PL_strtab); /* mandatory */
321 hv_ksplit(PL_strtab, 512);
323 #if defined(__DYNAMIC__) && (defined(NeXT) || defined(__NeXT__))
324 _dyld_lookup_and_bind
325 ("__environ", (unsigned long *) &environ_pointer, NULL);
329 # ifdef USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY
330 PL_origenviron = environ;
334 /* Use sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK) if available, if not
335 * available or if the sysconf() fails, use the HZ.
336 * BeOS has those, but returns the wrong value.
337 * The HZ if not originally defined has been by now
338 * been defined as CLK_TCK, if available. */
339 #if defined(HAS_SYSCONF) && defined(_SC_CLK_TCK) && !defined(__BEOS__)
340 PL_clocktick = sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK);
341 if (PL_clocktick <= 0)
345 PL_stashcache = newHV();
347 PL_patchlevel = Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "%d.%d.%d", (int)PERL_REVISION,
348 (int)PERL_VERSION, (int)PERL_SUBVERSION);
351 if (!PL_mmap_page_size) {
352 #if defined(HAS_SYSCONF) && (defined(_SC_PAGESIZE) || defined(_SC_MMAP_PAGE_SIZE))
354 SETERRNO(0, SS_NORMAL);
356 PL_mmap_page_size = sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE);
358 PL_mmap_page_size = sysconf(_SC_MMAP_PAGE_SIZE);
360 if ((long) PL_mmap_page_size < 0) {
362 SV * const error = ERRSV;
363 (void) SvUPGRADE(error, SVt_PV);
364 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: sysconf: %s", SvPV_nolen_const(error));
367 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: sysconf: pagesize unknown");
371 # ifdef HAS_GETPAGESIZE
372 PL_mmap_page_size = getpagesize();
374 # if defined(I_SYS_PARAM) && defined(PAGESIZE)
375 PL_mmap_page_size = PAGESIZE; /* compiletime, bad */
379 if (PL_mmap_page_size <= 0)
380 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: bad pagesize %" IVdf,
381 (IV) PL_mmap_page_size);
383 #endif /* HAS_MMAP */
385 #if defined(HAS_TIMES) && defined(PERL_NEED_TIMESBASE)
386 PL_timesbase.tms_utime = 0;
387 PL_timesbase.tms_stime = 0;
388 PL_timesbase.tms_cutime = 0;
389 PL_timesbase.tms_cstime = 0;
400 =for apidoc nothreadhook
402 Stub that provides thread hook for perl_destruct when there are
409 Perl_nothreadhook(pTHX)
415 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
417 Perl_dump_sv_child(pTHX_ SV *sv)
420 const int sock = PL_dumper_fd;
421 const int debug_fd = PerlIO_fileno(Perl_debug_log);
422 union control_un control;
425 struct cmsghdr *cmptr;
427 unsigned char buffer[256];
429 if(sock == -1 || debug_fd == -1)
432 PerlIO_flush(Perl_debug_log);
434 /* All these shenanigans are to pass a file descriptor over to our child for
435 it to dump out to. We can't let it hold open the file descriptor when it
436 forks, as the file descriptor it will dump to can turn out to be one end
437 of pipe that some other process will wait on for EOF. (So as it would
438 be open, the wait would be forever. */
440 msg.msg_control = control.control;
441 msg.msg_controllen = sizeof(control.control);
442 /* We're a connected socket so we don't need a destination */
448 cmptr = CMSG_FIRSTHDR(&msg);
449 cmptr->cmsg_len = CMSG_LEN(sizeof(int));
450 cmptr->cmsg_level = SOL_SOCKET;
451 cmptr->cmsg_type = SCM_RIGHTS;
452 *((int *)CMSG_DATA(cmptr)) = 1;
454 vec[0].iov_base = (void*)&sv;
455 vec[0].iov_len = sizeof(sv);
456 got = sendmsg(sock, &msg, 0);
459 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent sendmsg failed");
462 if(got < sizeof(sv)) {
463 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent short sendmsg");
467 /* Return protocol is
469 unsigned char: length of location string (0 for empty)
470 unsigned char*: string (not terminated)
472 vec[0].iov_base = (void*)&returned_errno;
473 vec[0].iov_len = sizeof(returned_errno);
474 vec[1].iov_base = buffer;
477 got = readv(sock, vec, 2);
480 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent read failed");
481 PerlIO_flush(PerlIO_stderr());
484 if(got < sizeof(returned_errno) + 1) {
485 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent short read");
486 PerlIO_flush(PerlIO_stderr());
491 got = read(sock, buffer + 1, *buffer);
493 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent read 2 failed");
494 PerlIO_flush(PerlIO_stderr());
499 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent short read 2");
500 PerlIO_flush(PerlIO_stderr());
505 if (returned_errno || *buffer) {
506 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "Debug leaking scalars child failed%s%.*s with errno"
507 " %d: %s", (*buffer ? " at " : ""), (int) *buffer, buffer + 1,
508 returned_errno, strerror(returned_errno));
514 =for apidoc perl_destruct
516 Shuts down a Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
525 volatile int destruct_level; /* 0=none, 1=full, 2=full with checks */
527 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
533 /* wait for all pseudo-forked children to finish */
534 PERL_WAIT_FOR_CHILDREN;
536 destruct_level = PL_perl_destruct_level;
539 const char * const s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL");
541 const int i = atoi(s);
542 if (destruct_level < i)
548 if (PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_DESTRUCT_END) {
554 if (PL_endav && !PL_minus_c)
555 call_list(PL_scopestack_ix, PL_endav);
561 /* Need to flush since END blocks can produce output */
564 if (CALL_FPTR(PL_threadhook)(aTHX)) {
565 /* Threads hook has vetoed further cleanup */
569 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
570 if (destruct_level != 0) {
571 /* Fork here to create a child. Our child's job is to preserve the
572 state of scalars prior to destruction, so that we can instruct it
573 to dump any scalars that we later find have leaked.
574 There's no subtlety in this code - it assumes POSIX, and it doesn't
578 if(socketpair(AF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, 0, fd)) {
579 perror("Debug leaking scalars socketpair failed");
585 perror("Debug leaking scalars fork failed");
589 /* We are the child */
590 const int sock = fd[1];
591 const int debug_fd = PerlIO_fileno(Perl_debug_log);
594 /* Our success message is an integer 0, and a char 0 */
595 static const char success[sizeof(int) + 1];
599 /* We need to close all other file descriptors otherwise we end up
600 with interesting hangs, where the parent closes its end of a
601 pipe, and sits waiting for (another) child to terminate. Only
602 that child never terminates, because it never gets EOF, because
603 we also have the far end of the pipe open. We even need to
604 close the debugging fd, because sometimes it happens to be one
605 end of a pipe, and a process is waiting on the other end for
606 EOF. Normally it would be closed at some point earlier in
607 destruction, but if we happen to cause the pipe to remain open,
608 EOF never occurs, and we get an infinite hang. Hence all the
609 games to pass in a file descriptor if it's actually needed. */
611 f = sysconf(_SC_OPEN_MAX);
613 where = "sysconf failed";
624 union control_un control;
627 struct cmsghdr *cmptr;
631 msg.msg_control = control.control;
632 msg.msg_controllen = sizeof(control.control);
633 /* We're a connected socket so we don't need a source */
637 msg.msg_iovlen = sizeof(vec)/sizeof(vec[0]);
639 vec[0].iov_base = (void*)⌖
640 vec[0].iov_len = sizeof(target);
642 got = recvmsg(sock, &msg, 0);
647 where = "recv failed";
650 if(got < sizeof(target)) {
651 where = "short recv";
655 if(!(cmptr = CMSG_FIRSTHDR(&msg))) {
659 if(cmptr->cmsg_len != CMSG_LEN(sizeof(int))) {
660 where = "wrong cmsg_len";
663 if(cmptr->cmsg_level != SOL_SOCKET) {
664 where = "wrong cmsg_level";
667 if(cmptr->cmsg_type != SCM_RIGHTS) {
668 where = "wrong cmsg_type";
672 got_fd = *(int*)CMSG_DATA(cmptr);
673 /* For our last little bit of trickery, put the file descriptor
674 back into Perl_debug_log, as if we never actually closed it
676 if(got_fd != debug_fd) {
677 if (dup2(got_fd, debug_fd) == -1) {
684 PerlIO_flush(Perl_debug_log);
686 got = write(sock, &success, sizeof(success));
689 where = "write failed";
692 if(got < sizeof(success)) {
693 where = "short write";
700 int send_errno = errno;
701 unsigned char length = (unsigned char) strlen(where);
702 struct iovec failure[3] = {
703 {(void*)&send_errno, sizeof(send_errno)},
705 {(void*)where, length}
707 int got = writev(sock, failure, 3);
708 /* Bad news travels fast. Faster than data. We'll get a SIGPIPE
709 in the parent if we try to read from the socketpair after the
710 child has exited, even if there was data to read.
711 So sleep a bit to give the parent a fighting chance of
714 _exit((got == -1) ? errno : 0);
718 PL_dumper_fd = fd[0];
723 /* We must account for everything. */
725 /* Destroy the main CV and syntax tree */
726 /* Do this now, because destroying ops can cause new SVs to be generated
727 in Perl_pad_swipe, and when running with -DDEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS they
728 PL_curcop to point to a valid op from which the filename structure
730 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
732 /* ensure comppad/curpad to refer to main's pad */
733 if (CvPADLIST(PL_main_cv)) {
734 PAD_SET_CUR_NOSAVE(CvPADLIST(PL_main_cv), 1);
736 op_free(PL_main_root);
739 PL_main_start = NULL;
740 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_main_cv);
744 /* Tell PerlIO we are about to tear things apart in case
745 we have layers which are using resources that should
749 PerlIO_destruct(aTHX);
751 if (PL_sv_objcount) {
753 * Try to destruct global references. We do this first so that the
754 * destructors and destructees still exist. Some sv's might remain.
755 * Non-referenced objects are on their own.
759 if (PL_defoutgv && !SvREFCNT(PL_defoutgv))
760 PL_defoutgv = NULL; /* may have been freed */
763 /* unhook hooks which will soon be, or use, destroyed data */
764 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_warnhook);
766 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_diehook);
769 /* call exit list functions */
770 while (PL_exitlistlen-- > 0)
771 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].fn(aTHX_ PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].ptr);
773 Safefree(PL_exitlist);
778 if (destruct_level == 0){
780 DEBUG_P(debprofdump());
782 #if defined(PERLIO_LAYERS)
783 /* No more IO - including error messages ! */
784 PerlIO_cleanup(aTHX);
787 /* The exit() function will do everything that needs doing. */
791 /* jettison our possibly duplicated environment */
792 /* if PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV is defined environ will not have been copied
793 * so we certainly shouldn't free it here
796 #if defined(USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY) && !defined(PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV)
797 if (environ != PL_origenviron && !PL_use_safe_putenv
799 /* only main thread can free environ[0] contents */
800 && PL_curinterp == aTHX
806 for (i = 0; environ[i]; i++)
807 safesysfree(environ[i]);
809 /* Must use safesysfree() when working with environ. */
810 safesysfree(environ);
812 environ = PL_origenviron;
815 #endif /* !PERL_MICRO */
817 /* reset so print() ends up where we expect */
821 /* the syntax tree is shared between clones
822 * so op_free(PL_main_root) only ReREFCNT_dec's
823 * REGEXPs in the parent interpreter
824 * we need to manually ReREFCNT_dec for the clones
827 I32 i = AvFILLp(PL_regex_padav) + 1;
828 SV * const * const ary = AvARRAY(PL_regex_padav);
831 SV * const resv = ary[--i];
833 if (SvFLAGS(resv) & SVf_BREAK) {
834 /* this is PL_reg_curpm, already freed
835 * flag is set in regexec.c:S_regtry
837 SvFLAGS(resv) &= ~SVf_BREAK;
839 else if(SvREPADTMP(resv)) {
840 SvREPADTMP_off(resv);
842 else if(SvIOKp(resv)) {
843 REGEXP *re = INT2PTR(REGEXP *,SvIVX(resv));
848 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_regex_padav);
849 PL_regex_padav = NULL;
853 SvREFCNT_dec((SV*) PL_stashcache);
854 PL_stashcache = NULL;
856 /* loosen bonds of global variables */
859 (void)PerlIO_close(PL_rsfp);
863 /* Filters for program text */
864 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rsfp_filters);
865 PL_rsfp_filters = NULL;
868 PL_preprocess = FALSE;
874 PL_doswitches = FALSE;
875 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_OFF;
876 PL_doextract = FALSE;
877 PL_sawampersand = FALSE; /* must save all match strings */
880 Safefree(PL_inplace);
882 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_patchlevel);
885 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
891 /* magical thingies */
893 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ofs_sv); /* $, */
896 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ors_sv); /* $\ */
899 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rs); /* $/ */
902 Safefree(PL_osname); /* $^O */
905 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_statname);
909 /* defgv, aka *_ should be taken care of elsewhere */
911 /* clean up after study() */
912 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_lastscream);
913 PL_lastscream = NULL;
914 Safefree(PL_screamfirst);
916 Safefree(PL_screamnext);
920 Safefree(PL_efloatbuf);
924 /* startup and shutdown function lists */
925 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_beginav);
926 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_beginav_save);
927 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_endav);
928 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_checkav);
929 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_checkav_save);
930 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_initav);
932 PL_beginav_save = NULL;
935 PL_checkav_save = NULL;
938 /* shortcuts just get cleared */
947 PL_last_in_gv = NULL;
955 PL_DBassertion = NULL;
960 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_argvout_stack);
961 PL_argvout_stack = NULL;
963 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_modglobal);
965 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_preambleav);
966 PL_preambleav = NULL;
967 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_subname);
969 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_linestr);
971 #ifdef PERL_USES_PL_PIDSTATUS
972 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_pidstatus);
975 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_toptarget);
977 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_bodytarget);
978 PL_bodytarget = NULL;
979 PL_formtarget = NULL;
981 /* free locale stuff */
982 #ifdef USE_LOCALE_COLLATE
983 Safefree(PL_collation_name);
984 PL_collation_name = NULL;
987 #ifdef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC
988 Safefree(PL_numeric_name);
989 PL_numeric_name = NULL;
990 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_numeric_radix_sv);
991 PL_numeric_radix_sv = NULL;
994 /* clear utf8 character classes */
995 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alnum);
996 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alnumc);
997 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_ascii);
998 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alpha);
999 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_space);
1000 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_cntrl);
1001 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_graph);
1002 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_digit);
1003 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_upper);
1004 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_lower);
1005 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_print);
1006 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_punct);
1007 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_xdigit);
1008 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_mark);
1009 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_toupper);
1010 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_totitle);
1011 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_tolower);
1012 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_tofold);
1013 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_idstart);
1014 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_idcont);
1015 PL_utf8_alnum = NULL;
1016 PL_utf8_alnumc = NULL;
1017 PL_utf8_ascii = NULL;
1018 PL_utf8_alpha = NULL;
1019 PL_utf8_space = NULL;
1020 PL_utf8_cntrl = NULL;
1021 PL_utf8_graph = NULL;
1022 PL_utf8_digit = NULL;
1023 PL_utf8_upper = NULL;
1024 PL_utf8_lower = NULL;
1025 PL_utf8_print = NULL;
1026 PL_utf8_punct = NULL;
1027 PL_utf8_xdigit = NULL;
1028 PL_utf8_mark = NULL;
1029 PL_utf8_toupper = NULL;
1030 PL_utf8_totitle = NULL;
1031 PL_utf8_tolower = NULL;
1032 PL_utf8_tofold = NULL;
1033 PL_utf8_idstart = NULL;
1034 PL_utf8_idcont = NULL;
1036 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
1037 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
1038 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = NULL;
1039 if (!specialCopIO(PL_compiling.cop_io))
1040 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_io);
1041 PL_compiling.cop_io = NULL;
1042 CopFILE_free(&PL_compiling);
1043 CopSTASH_free(&PL_compiling);
1045 /* Prepare to destruct main symbol table. */
1050 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_curstname);
1051 PL_curstname = NULL;
1053 /* clear queued errors */
1054 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_errors);
1058 if (destruct_level >= 2 && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL)) {
1059 if (PL_scopestack_ix != 0)
1060 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
1061 "Unbalanced scopes: %ld more ENTERs than LEAVEs\n",
1062 (long)PL_scopestack_ix);
1063 if (PL_savestack_ix != 0)
1064 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
1065 "Unbalanced saves: %ld more saves than restores\n",
1066 (long)PL_savestack_ix);
1067 if (PL_tmps_floor != -1)
1068 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Unbalanced tmps: %ld more allocs than frees\n",
1069 (long)PL_tmps_floor + 1);
1070 if (cxstack_ix != -1)
1071 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Unbalanced context: %ld more PUSHes than POPs\n",
1072 (long)cxstack_ix + 1);
1075 /* Now absolutely destruct everything, somehow or other, loops or no. */
1076 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) |= SVTYPEMASK; /* don't clean out pid table now */
1077 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) |= SVTYPEMASK; /* don't clean out strtab now */
1079 /* the 2 is for PL_fdpid and PL_strtab */
1080 while (PL_sv_count > 2 && sv_clean_all())
1083 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) &= ~SVTYPEMASK;
1084 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) |= SVt_PVAV;
1085 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) &= ~SVTYPEMASK;
1086 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) |= SVt_PVHV;
1088 AvREAL_off(PL_fdpid); /* no surviving entries */
1089 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_fdpid); /* needed in io_close() */
1092 #ifdef HAVE_INTERP_INTERN
1096 /* Destruct the global string table. */
1098 /* Yell and reset the HeVAL() slots that are still holding refcounts,
1099 * so that sv_free() won't fail on them.
1100 * Now that the global string table is using a single hunk of memory
1101 * for both HE and HEK, we either need to explicitly unshare it the
1102 * correct way, or actually free things here.
1105 const I32 max = HvMAX(PL_strtab);
1106 HE * const * const array = HvARRAY(PL_strtab);
1107 HE *hent = array[0];
1110 if (hent && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL)) {
1111 HE * const next = HeNEXT(hent);
1112 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
1113 "Unbalanced string table refcount: (%ld) for \"%s\"",
1114 (long)hent->he_valu.hent_refcount, HeKEY(hent));
1121 hent = array[riter];
1126 HvARRAY(PL_strtab) = 0;
1127 HvTOTALKEYS(PL_strtab) = 0;
1128 HvFILL(PL_strtab) = 0;
1130 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_strtab);
1133 /* free the pointer tables used for cloning */
1134 ptr_table_free(PL_ptr_table);
1135 PL_ptr_table = (PTR_TBL_t*)NULL;
1138 /* free special SVs */
1140 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_yes) = 0;
1141 sv_clear(&PL_sv_yes);
1142 SvANY(&PL_sv_yes) = NULL;
1143 SvFLAGS(&PL_sv_yes) = 0;
1145 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_no) = 0;
1146 sv_clear(&PL_sv_no);
1147 SvANY(&PL_sv_no) = NULL;
1148 SvFLAGS(&PL_sv_no) = 0;
1152 for (i=0; i<=2; i++) {
1153 SvREFCNT(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = 0;
1154 sv_clear(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i));
1155 SvANY(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = NULL;
1156 SvFLAGS(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = 0;
1160 if (PL_sv_count != 0 && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
1161 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Scalars leaked: %ld\n", (long)PL_sv_count);
1163 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS
1164 if (PL_sv_count != 0) {
1169 for (sva = PL_sv_arenaroot; sva; sva = (SV*)SvANY(sva)) {
1170 svend = &sva[SvREFCNT(sva)];
1171 for (sv = sva + 1; sv < svend; ++sv) {
1172 if (SvTYPE(sv) != SVTYPEMASK) {
1173 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "leaked: sv=0x%p"
1175 " refcnt=%"UVuf pTHX__FORMAT "\n"
1176 "\tallocated at %s:%d %s %s%s\n",
1177 sv, sv->sv_flags, sv->sv_refcnt pTHX__VALUE,
1178 sv->sv_debug_file ? sv->sv_debug_file : "(unknown)",
1180 sv->sv_debug_inpad ? "for" : "by",
1181 sv->sv_debug_optype ?
1182 PL_op_name[sv->sv_debug_optype]: "(none)",
1183 sv->sv_debug_cloned ? " (cloned)" : ""
1185 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
1186 Perl_dump_sv_child(aTHX_ sv);
1192 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
1196 /* Wait for up to 4 seconds for child to terminate.
1197 This seems to be the least effort way of timing out on reaping
1199 struct timeval waitfor = {4, 0};
1200 int sock = PL_dumper_fd;
1204 FD_SET(sock, &rset);
1205 select(sock + 1, &rset, NULL, NULL, &waitfor);
1206 waitpid(child, &status, WNOHANG);
1214 #if defined(PERLIO_LAYERS)
1215 /* No more IO - including error messages ! */
1216 PerlIO_cleanup(aTHX);
1219 /* sv_undef needs to stay immortal until after PerlIO_cleanup
1220 as currently layers use it rather than NULL as a marker
1221 for no arg - and will try and SvREFCNT_dec it.
1223 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_undef) = 0;
1224 SvREADONLY_off(&PL_sv_undef);
1226 Safefree(PL_origfilename);
1227 PL_origfilename = NULL;
1228 Safefree(PL_reg_start_tmp);
1229 PL_reg_start_tmp = (char**)NULL;
1230 PL_reg_start_tmpl = 0;
1231 Safefree(PL_reg_curpm);
1232 Safefree(PL_reg_poscache);
1233 free_tied_hv_pool();
1234 Safefree(PL_op_mask);
1235 Safefree(PL_psig_ptr);
1236 PL_psig_ptr = (SV**)NULL;
1237 Safefree(PL_psig_name);
1238 PL_psig_name = (SV**)NULL;
1239 Safefree(PL_bitcount);
1241 Safefree(PL_psig_pend);
1242 PL_psig_pend = (int*)NULL;
1245 PL_tainting = FALSE;
1246 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
1247 PL_hints = 0; /* Reset hints. Should hints be per-interpreter ? */
1250 DEBUG_P(debprofdump());
1252 #ifdef USE_REENTRANT_API
1253 Perl_reentrant_free(aTHX);
1258 /* As the absolutely last thing, free the non-arena SV for mess() */
1261 /* we know that type == SVt_PVMG */
1263 /* it could have accumulated taint magic */
1266 for (mg = SvMAGIC(PL_mess_sv); mg; mg = moremagic) {
1267 moremagic = mg->mg_moremagic;
1268 if (mg->mg_ptr && mg->mg_type != PERL_MAGIC_regex_global
1270 Safefree(mg->mg_ptr);
1274 /* we know that type >= SVt_PV */
1275 SvPV_free(PL_mess_sv);
1276 Safefree(SvANY(PL_mess_sv));
1277 Safefree(PL_mess_sv);
1284 =for apidoc perl_free
1286 Releases a Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
1294 #ifdef PERL_TRACK_MEMPOOL
1297 * Don't free thread memory if PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL is set to a non-zero
1298 * value as we're probably hunting memory leaks then
1300 const char * const s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL");
1301 if (!s || atoi(s) == 0) {
1302 /* Emulate the PerlHost behaviour of free()ing all memory allocated in this
1303 thread at thread exit. */
1304 while(aTHXx->Imemory_debug_header.next != &(aTHXx->Imemory_debug_header))
1305 safesysfree(sTHX + (char *)(aTHXx->Imemory_debug_header.next));
1310 #if defined(WIN32) || defined(NETWARE)
1311 # if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS)
1314 void *host = nw_internal_host;
1316 void *host = w32_internal_host;
1318 PerlMem_free(aTHXx);
1320 nw_delete_internal_host(host);
1322 win32_delete_internal_host(host);
1326 PerlMem_free(aTHXx);
1329 PerlMem_free(aTHXx);
1333 #if defined(USE_ITHREADS)
1334 /* provide destructors to clean up the thread key when libperl is unloaded */
1335 #ifndef WIN32 /* handled during DLL_PROCESS_DETACH in win32/perllib.c */
1337 #if defined(__hpux) && !(defined(__ux_version) && __ux_version <= 1020) && !defined(__GNUC__)
1338 #pragma fini "perl_fini"
1342 #if defined(__GNUC__)
1343 __attribute__((destructor))
1353 #endif /* THREADS */
1356 Perl_call_atexit(pTHX_ ATEXIT_t fn, void *ptr)
1359 Renew(PL_exitlist, PL_exitlistlen+1, PerlExitListEntry);
1360 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].fn = fn;
1361 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].ptr = ptr;
1365 #ifdef HAS_PROCSELFEXE
1366 /* This is a function so that we don't hold on to MAXPATHLEN
1367 bytes of stack longer than necessary
1370 S_procself_val(pTHX_ SV *sv, const char *arg0)
1372 char buf[MAXPATHLEN];
1373 int len = readlink(PROCSELFEXE_PATH, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);
1375 /* On Playstation2 Linux V1.0 (kernel 2.2.1) readlink(/proc/self/exe)
1376 includes a spurious NUL which will cause $^X to fail in system
1377 or backticks (this will prevent extensions from being built and
1378 many tests from working). readlink is not meant to add a NUL.
1379 Normal readlink works fine.
1381 if (len > 0 && buf[len-1] == '\0') {
1385 /* FreeBSD's implementation is acknowledged to be imperfect, sometimes
1386 returning the text "unknown" from the readlink rather than the path
1387 to the executable (or returning an error from the readlink). Any valid
1388 path has a '/' in it somewhere, so use that to validate the result.
1389 See http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/query-pr.cgi?pr=35703
1391 if (len > 0 && memchr(buf, '/', len)) {
1392 sv_setpvn(sv,buf,len);
1398 #endif /* HAS_PROCSELFEXE */
1401 S_set_caret_X(pTHX) {
1403 GV* tmpgv = gv_fetchpvs("\030", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV); /* $^X */
1405 #ifdef HAS_PROCSELFEXE
1406 S_procself_val(aTHX_ GvSV(tmpgv), PL_origargv[0]);
1409 sv_setpv(GvSVn(tmpgv), os2_execname(aTHX));
1411 sv_setpv(GvSVn(tmpgv),PL_origargv[0]);
1418 =for apidoc perl_parse
1420 Tells a Perl interpreter to parse a Perl script. See L<perlembed>.
1426 perl_parse(pTHXx_ XSINIT_t xsinit, int argc, char **argv, char **env)
1433 PERL_UNUSED_VAR(my_perl);
1435 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
1438 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "suidperl is no longer needed since the kernel can now execute\n\
1439 setuid perl scripts securely.\n");
1440 #endif /* IAMSUID */
1443 #if defined(USE_HASH_SEED) || defined(USE_HASH_SEED_EXPLICIT)
1444 /* [perl #22371] Algorimic Complexity Attack on Perl 5.6.1, 5.8.0
1445 * This MUST be done before any hash stores or fetches take place.
1446 * If you set PL_rehash_seed (and assumedly also PL_rehash_seed_set)
1447 * yourself, it is your responsibility to provide a good random seed!
1448 * You can also define PERL_HASH_SEED in compile time, see hv.h. */
1449 if (!PL_rehash_seed_set)
1450 PL_rehash_seed = get_hash_seed();
1452 const char * const s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_HASH_SEED_DEBUG");
1454 if (s && (atoi(s) == 1))
1455 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "HASH_SEED = %"UVuf"\n", PL_rehash_seed);
1457 #endif /* #if defined(USE_HASH_SEED) || defined(USE_HASH_SEED_EXPLICIT) */
1462 if (PL_origalen != 0) {
1463 PL_origalen = 1; /* don't use old PL_origalen if perl_parse() is called again */
1466 /* Set PL_origalen be the sum of the contiguous argv[]
1467 * elements plus the size of the env in case that it is
1468 * contiguous with the argv[]. This is used in mg.c:Perl_magic_set()
1469 * as the maximum modifiable length of $0. In the worst case
1470 * the area we are able to modify is limited to the size of
1471 * the original argv[0]. (See below for 'contiguous', though.)
1473 const char *s = NULL;
1476 ~(UV)(PTRSIZE == 4 ? 3 : PTRSIZE == 8 ? 7 : PTRSIZE == 16 ? 15 : 0);
1477 /* Do the mask check only if the args seem like aligned. */
1479 (mask < ~(UV)0) && ((PTR2UV(argv[0]) & mask) == PTR2UV(argv[0]));
1481 /* See if all the arguments are contiguous in memory. Note
1482 * that 'contiguous' is a loose term because some platforms
1483 * align the argv[] and the envp[]. If the arguments look
1484 * like non-aligned, assume that they are 'strictly' or
1485 * 'traditionally' contiguous. If the arguments look like
1486 * aligned, we just check that they are within aligned
1487 * PTRSIZE bytes. As long as no system has something bizarre
1488 * like the argv[] interleaved with some other data, we are
1489 * fine. (Did I just evoke Murphy's Law?) --jhi */
1490 if (PL_origargv && PL_origargc >= 1 && (s = PL_origargv[0])) {
1492 for (i = 1; i < PL_origargc; i++) {
1493 if ((PL_origargv[i] == s + 1
1495 || PL_origargv[i] == s + 2
1500 (PL_origargv[i] > s &&
1502 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1512 /* Can we grab env area too to be used as the area for $0? */
1513 if (s && PL_origenviron) {
1514 if ((PL_origenviron[0] == s + 1
1516 || (PL_origenviron[0] == s + 9 && (s += 8))
1521 (PL_origenviron[0] > s &&
1522 PL_origenviron[0] <=
1523 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1527 s = PL_origenviron[0];
1530 my_setenv("NoNe SuCh", NULL);
1531 /* Force copy of environment. */
1532 for (i = 1; PL_origenviron[i]; i++) {
1533 if (PL_origenviron[i] == s + 1
1536 (PL_origenviron[i] > s &&
1537 PL_origenviron[i] <=
1538 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1541 s = PL_origenviron[i];
1549 PL_origalen = s ? s - PL_origargv[0] + 1 : 0;
1554 /* Come here if running an undumped a.out. */
1556 PL_origfilename = savepv(argv[0]);
1557 PL_do_undump = FALSE;
1558 cxstack_ix = -1; /* start label stack again */
1560 assert (!PL_tainted);
1562 S_set_caret_X(aTHX);
1564 init_postdump_symbols(argc,argv,env);
1569 op_free(PL_main_root);
1570 PL_main_root = NULL;
1572 PL_main_start = NULL;
1573 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_main_cv);
1577 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
1578 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_OFF;
1583 parse_body(env,xsinit);
1585 call_list(oldscope, PL_checkav);
1592 /* my_exit() was called */
1593 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
1596 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
1598 call_list(oldscope, PL_checkav);
1602 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: top_env\n");
1611 S_parse_body(pTHX_ char **env, XSINIT_t xsinit)
1614 int argc = PL_origargc;
1615 char **argv = PL_origargv;
1616 const char *scriptname = NULL;
1617 VOL bool dosearch = FALSE;
1618 const char *validarg = "";
1621 const char *cddir = NULL;
1622 #ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
1623 bool minus_f = FALSE;
1626 sv_setpvn(PL_linestr,"",0);
1627 sv = newSVpvs(""); /* first used for -I flags */
1631 for (argc--,argv++; argc > 0; argc--,argv++) {
1632 if (argv[0][0] != '-' || !argv[0][1])
1636 validarg = " PHOOEY ";
1640 * Can we rely on the kernel to start scripts with argv[1] set to
1641 * contain all #! line switches (the whole line)? (argv[0] is set to
1642 * the interpreter name, argv[2] to the script name; argv[3] and
1643 * above may contain other arguments.)
1650 #ifndef PERL_STRICT_CR
1675 if ((s = moreswitches(s)))
1680 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('t');
1681 if( !PL_tainting ) {
1682 PL_taint_warn = TRUE;
1688 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('T');
1690 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
1698 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1699 /* ignore -e for Dev:Pseudo argument */
1700 if (argv[1] && !strcmp(argv[1], "Dev:Pseudo"))
1703 forbid_setid('e', -1);
1705 PL_e_script = newSVpvs("");
1706 filter_add(read_e_script, NULL);
1709 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, s);
1711 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, argv[1]);
1715 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No code specified for -%c", *s);
1716 sv_catpvs(PL_e_script, "\n");
1720 #ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
1726 case 'I': /* -I handled both here and in moreswitches() */
1727 forbid_setid('I', -1);
1728 if (!*++s && (s=argv[1]) != NULL) {
1732 STRLEN len = strlen(s);
1733 const char * const p = savepvn(s, len);
1734 incpush(p, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE, FALSE);
1735 sv_catpvs(sv, "-I");
1736 sv_catpvn(sv, p, len);
1741 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No directory specified for -I");
1744 forbid_setid('P', -1);
1745 PL_preprocess = TRUE;
1749 forbid_setid('S', -1);
1758 PL_preambleav = newAV();
1759 av_push(PL_preambleav,
1760 newSVpvs("use Config;"));
1764 opts_prog = newSVpvs("print Config::myconfig(),");
1766 sv_catpvs(opts_prog,"\"\\nCharacteristics of this PERLSHR image: \\n\",");
1768 sv_catpvs(opts_prog,"\"\\nCharacteristics of this binary (from libperl): \\n\",");
1770 opts = SvCUR(opts_prog);
1772 Perl_sv_catpv(aTHX_ opts_prog,"\" Compile-time options:"
1776 # ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS
1777 " DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS"
1779 # ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
1780 " DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP"
1782 # ifdef FAKE_THREADS
1785 # ifdef MULTIPLICITY
1794 # ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
1795 " PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV"
1797 # ifdef PERL_GLOBAL_STRUCT
1798 " PERL_GLOBAL_STRUCT"
1800 # ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
1801 " PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT"
1803 # ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
1804 " PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS"
1809 # ifdef PERL_MALLOC_WRAP
1812 # ifdef PERL_NEED_APPCTX
1815 # ifdef PERL_NEED_TIMESBASE
1816 " PERL_NEED_TIMESBASE"
1818 # ifdef PERL_OLD_COPY_ON_WRITE
1819 " PERL_OLD_COPY_ON_WRITE"
1821 # ifdef PERL_TRACK_MEMPOOL
1822 " PERL_TRACK_MEMPOOL"
1824 # ifdef PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV
1825 " PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV"
1827 #ifdef PERL_USES_PL_PIDSTATUS
1828 " PERL_USES_PL_PIDSTATUS"
1830 # ifdef PL_OP_SLAB_ALLOC
1833 # ifdef THREADS_HAVE_PIDS
1834 " THREADS_HAVE_PIDS"
1836 # ifdef USE_64_BIT_ALL
1839 # ifdef USE_64_BIT_INT
1842 # ifdef USE_ITHREADS
1845 # ifdef USE_LARGE_FILES
1848 # ifdef USE_LONG_DOUBLE
1854 # ifdef USE_REENTRANT_API
1855 " USE_REENTRANT_API"
1860 # ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
1861 " USE_SITECUSTOMIZE"
1868 while (SvCUR(opts_prog) > opts+76) {
1869 /* find last space after "options: " and before col 76
1873 char * const pv = SvPV_nolen(opts_prog);
1874 const char c = pv[opts+76];
1876 space = strrchr(pv+opts+26, ' ');
1878 if (!space) break; /* "Can't happen" */
1880 /* break the line before that space */
1883 Perl_sv_insert(aTHX_ opts_prog, opts, 0,
1884 STR_WITH_LEN("\\n "));
1887 sv_catpvs(opts_prog,"\\n\",");
1889 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
1890 if (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT > 0) {
1892 sv_catpvs(opts_prog,
1893 "\" Locally applied patches:\\n\",");
1894 for (i = 1; i <= LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT; i++) {
1895 if (PL_localpatches[i])
1896 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ opts_prog,"q%c\t%s\n%c,",
1897 0, PL_localpatches[i], 0);
1901 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ opts_prog,
1902 "\" Built under %s\\n\"",OSNAME);
1905 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ opts_prog,
1906 ",\" Compiled at %s %s\\n\"",__DATE__,
1909 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ opts_prog,",\" Compiled on %s\\n\"",
1913 sv_catpvs(opts_prog, "; $\"=\"\\n \"; "
1914 "@env = map { \"$_=\\\"$ENV{$_}\\\"\" } "
1915 "sort grep {/^PERL/} keys %ENV; ");
1917 sv_catpvs(opts_prog,
1918 "push @env, \"CYGWIN=\\\"$ENV{CYGWIN}\\\"\";");
1920 sv_catpvs(opts_prog,
1921 "print \" \\%ENV:\\n @env\\n\" if @env;"
1922 "print \" \\@INC:\\n @INC\\n\";");
1926 opts_prog = Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_
1927 "Config::config_vars(qw%c%s%c)",
1931 av_push(PL_preambleav, opts_prog);
1932 /* don't look for script or read stdin */
1933 scriptname = BIT_BUCKET;
1937 PL_doextract = TRUE;
1945 if (!*++s || isSPACE(*s)) {
1949 /* catch use of gnu style long options */
1950 if (strEQ(s, "version")) {
1954 if (strEQ(s, "help")) {
1961 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Unrecognized switch: -%s (-h will show valid options)",s);
1967 #ifndef SECURE_INTERNAL_GETENV
1970 (s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL5OPT")))
1972 const char *popt = s;
1975 if (*s == '-' && *(s+1) == 'T') {
1976 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('T');
1978 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
1981 char *popt_copy = NULL;
1994 if (!strchr("CDIMUdmtwA", *s))
1995 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Illegal switch in PERL5OPT: -%c", *s);
1999 popt_copy = SvPVX(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(popt,0)));
2000 s = popt_copy + (s - popt);
2001 d = popt_copy + (d - popt);
2008 if( !PL_tainting ) {
2009 PL_taint_warn = TRUE;
2019 #ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
2022 PL_preambleav = newAV();
2023 av_unshift(PL_preambleav, 1);
2024 (void)av_store(PL_preambleav, 0, Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "BEGIN { do '%s/sitecustomize.pl' }", SITELIB_EXP));
2028 if (PL_taint_warn && PL_dowarn != G_WARN_ALL_OFF) {
2029 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = newSVpvn(WARN_TAINTstring, WARNsize);
2033 scriptname = argv[0];
2036 scriptname = BIT_BUCKET; /* don't look for script or read stdin */
2038 else if (scriptname == NULL) {
2040 if ( PerlLIO_isatty(PerlIO_fileno(PerlIO_stdin())) )
2046 /* Set $^X early so that it can be used for relocatable paths in @INC */
2047 assert (!PL_tainted);
2049 S_set_caret_X(aTHX);
2056 = open_script(scriptname, dosearch, sv, &suidscript);
2058 validate_suid(validarg, scriptname, fdscript, suidscript);
2061 # if defined(SIGCHLD) || defined(SIGCLD)
2064 # define SIGCHLD SIGCLD
2066 Sighandler_t sigstate = rsignal_state(SIGCHLD);
2067 if (sigstate == (Sighandler_t) SIG_IGN) {
2068 if (ckWARN(WARN_SIGNAL))
2069 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_SIGNAL),
2070 "Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default");
2071 (void)rsignal(SIGCHLD, (Sighandler_t)SIG_DFL);
2078 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2079 || gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract
2083 /* This will croak if suidscript is >= 0, as -x cannot be used with
2085 forbid_setid('x', suidscript);
2086 /* Hence you can't get here if suidscript >= 0 */
2089 if (cddir && PerlDir_chdir( (char *)cddir ) < 0)
2090 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't chdir to %s",cddir);
2094 PL_main_cv = PL_compcv = (CV*)newSV(0);
2095 sv_upgrade((SV *)PL_compcv, SVt_PVCV);
2096 CvUNIQUE_on(PL_compcv);
2098 CvPADLIST(PL_compcv) = pad_new(0);
2101 boot_core_UNIVERSAL();
2102 boot_core_xsutils();
2105 (*xsinit)(aTHX); /* in case linked C routines want magical variables */
2107 #if defined(VMS) || defined(WIN32) || defined(DJGPP) || defined(__CYGWIN__) || defined(EPOC) || defined(SYMBIAN)
2113 # ifdef HAS_SOCKS5_INIT
2114 socks5_init(argv[0]);
2120 init_predump_symbols();
2121 /* init_postdump_symbols not currently designed to be called */
2122 /* more than once (ENV isn't cleared first, for example) */
2123 /* But running with -u leaves %ENV & @ARGV undefined! XXX */
2125 init_postdump_symbols(argc,argv,env);
2127 /* PL_unicode is turned on by -C, or by $ENV{PERL_UNICODE},
2128 * or explicitly in some platforms.
2129 * locale.c:Perl_init_i18nl10n() if the environment
2130 * look like the user wants to use UTF-8. */
2131 #if defined(__SYMBIAN32__)
2132 PL_unicode = PERL_UNICODE_STD_FLAG; /* See PERL_SYMBIAN_CONSOLE_UTF8. */
2135 /* Requires init_predump_symbols(). */
2136 if (!(PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_LOCALE_FLAG) || PL_utf8locale) {
2141 /* Turn on UTF-8-ness on STDIN, STDOUT, STDERR
2142 * and the default open disciplines. */
2143 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDIN_FLAG) &&
2144 PL_stdingv && (io = GvIO(PL_stdingv)) &&
2146 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
2147 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDOUT_FLAG) &&
2148 PL_defoutgv && (io = GvIO(PL_defoutgv)) &&
2150 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
2151 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDERR_FLAG) &&
2152 PL_stderrgv && (io = GvIO(PL_stderrgv)) &&
2154 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
2155 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_INOUT_FLAG) &&
2156 (sv = GvSV(gv_fetchpvs("\017PEN", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL,
2158 U32 in = PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_IN_FLAG;
2159 U32 out = PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_OUT_FLAG;
2162 sv_setpvn(sv, ":utf8\0:utf8", 11);
2164 sv_setpvn(sv, ":utf8\0", 6);
2167 sv_setpvn(sv, "\0:utf8", 6);
2173 if ((s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_SIGNALS"))) {
2174 if (strEQ(s, "unsafe"))
2175 PL_signals |= PERL_SIGNALS_UNSAFE_FLAG;
2176 else if (strEQ(s, "safe"))
2177 PL_signals &= ~PERL_SIGNALS_UNSAFE_FLAG;
2179 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "PERL_SIGNALS illegal: \"%s\"", s);
2183 if ((s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_XMLDUMP"))) {
2187 PL_xmlfp = PerlIO_stdout();
2189 PL_xmlfp = PerlIO_open(s, "w");
2191 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't open %s", s);
2193 my_setenv("PERL_XMLDUMP", Nullch); /* hide from subprocs */
2195 if ((s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_MADSKILLS"))) {
2196 PL_madskills = atoi(s);
2197 my_setenv("PERL_MADSKILLS", Nullch); /* hide from subprocs */
2203 /* now parse the script */
2205 SETERRNO(0,SS_NORMAL);
2207 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2208 if (gMacPerl_SyntaxError = (yyparse() || PL_error_count)) {
2210 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s had compilation errors.\n", MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
2212 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Execution of %s aborted due to compilation errors.\n",
2213 MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
2217 if (yyparse() || PL_error_count) {
2219 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s had compilation errors.\n", PL_origfilename);
2221 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Execution of %s aborted due to compilation errors.\n",
2226 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, 0);
2227 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2228 PL_preprocess = FALSE;
2230 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
2238 SAVECOPFILE(PL_curcop);
2239 SAVECOPLINE(PL_curcop);
2240 gv_check(PL_defstash);
2247 if ((s=PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS")) && atoi(s) >= 2)
2248 dump_mstats("after compilation:");
2257 =for apidoc perl_run
2259 Tells a Perl interpreter to run. See L<perlembed>.
2272 PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
2274 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
2282 cxstack_ix = -1; /* start context stack again */
2284 case 0: /* normal completion */
2288 case 2: /* my_exit() */
2289 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
2292 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2293 if (!(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_DESTRUCT_END) &&
2294 PL_endav && !PL_minus_c)
2295 call_list(oldscope, PL_endav);
2297 if (PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS"))
2298 dump_mstats("after execution: ");
2304 POPSTACK_TO(PL_mainstack);
2307 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: restartop\n");
2319 S_run_body(pTHX_ I32 oldscope)
2322 DEBUG_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "%s $` $& $' support.\n",
2323 PL_sawampersand ? "Enabling" : "Omitting"));
2325 if (!PL_restartop) {
2329 exit(0); /* less likely to core dump than my_exit(0) */
2332 DEBUG_x(dump_all());
2335 PERL_DEBUG(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "\nEXECUTING...\n\n"));
2337 DEBUG_S(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "main thread is 0x%"UVxf"\n",
2341 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2342 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "%s%s syntax OK\n",
2343 (gMacPerl_ErrorFormat ? "# " : ""),
2344 MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
2346 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "%s syntax OK\n", PL_origfilename);
2350 if (PERLDB_SINGLE && PL_DBsingle)
2351 sv_setiv(PL_DBsingle, 1);
2353 call_list(oldscope, PL_initav);
2359 PL_op = PL_restartop;
2363 else if (PL_main_start) {
2364 CvDEPTH(PL_main_cv) = 1;
2365 PL_op = PL_main_start;
2373 =head1 SV Manipulation Functions
2375 =for apidoc p||get_sv
2377 Returns the SV of the specified Perl scalar. If C<create> is set and the
2378 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
2379 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
2385 Perl_get_sv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
2388 gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PV);
2395 =head1 Array Manipulation Functions
2397 =for apidoc p||get_av
2399 Returns the AV of the specified Perl array. If C<create> is set and the
2400 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
2401 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
2407 Perl_get_av(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
2409 GV* const gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVAV);
2418 =head1 Hash Manipulation Functions
2420 =for apidoc p||get_hv
2422 Returns the HV of the specified Perl hash. If C<create> is set and the
2423 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
2424 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
2430 Perl_get_hv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
2432 GV* const gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVHV);
2441 =head1 CV Manipulation Functions
2443 =for apidoc p||get_cv
2445 Returns the CV of the specified Perl subroutine. If C<create> is set and
2446 the Perl subroutine does not exist then it will be declared (which has the
2447 same effect as saying C<sub name;>). If C<create> is not set and the
2448 subroutine does not exist then NULL is returned.
2454 Perl_get_cv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
2456 GV* const gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVCV);
2457 /* XXX unsafe for threads if eval_owner isn't held */
2458 /* XXX this is probably not what they think they're getting.
2459 * It has the same effect as "sub name;", i.e. just a forward
2461 if (create && !GvCVu(gv))
2462 return newSUB(start_subparse(FALSE, 0),
2463 newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSVpv(name,0)),
2470 /* Be sure to refetch the stack pointer after calling these routines. */
2474 =head1 Callback Functions
2476 =for apidoc p||call_argv
2478 Performs a callback to the specified Perl sub. See L<perlcall>.
2484 Perl_call_argv(pTHX_ const char *sub_name, I32 flags, register char **argv)
2486 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2487 /* null terminated arg list */
2495 XPUSHs(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(*argv,0)));
2500 return call_pv(sub_name, flags);
2504 =for apidoc p||call_pv
2506 Performs a callback to the specified Perl sub. See L<perlcall>.
2512 Perl_call_pv(pTHX_ const char *sub_name, I32 flags)
2513 /* name of the subroutine */
2514 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2516 return call_sv((SV*)get_cv(sub_name, TRUE), flags);
2520 =for apidoc p||call_method
2522 Performs a callback to the specified Perl method. The blessed object must
2523 be on the stack. See L<perlcall>.
2529 Perl_call_method(pTHX_ const char *methname, I32 flags)
2530 /* name of the subroutine */
2531 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2533 return call_sv(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(methname,0)), flags | G_METHOD);
2536 /* May be called with any of a CV, a GV, or an SV containing the name. */
2538 =for apidoc p||call_sv
2540 Performs a callback to the Perl sub whose name is in the SV. See
2547 Perl_call_sv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
2548 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2551 LOGOP myop; /* fake syntax tree node */
2554 volatile I32 retval = 0;
2556 bool oldcatch = CATCH_GET;
2558 OP* const oldop = PL_op;
2561 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2566 Zero(&myop, 1, LOGOP);
2567 myop.op_next = NULL;
2568 if (!(flags & G_NOARGS))
2569 myop.op_flags |= OPf_STACKED;
2570 myop.op_flags |= ((flags & G_VOID) ? OPf_WANT_VOID :
2571 (flags & G_ARRAY) ? OPf_WANT_LIST :
2576 EXTEND(PL_stack_sp, 1);
2577 *++PL_stack_sp = sv;
2579 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
2581 if (PERLDB_SUB && PL_curstash != PL_debstash
2582 /* Handle first BEGIN of -d. */
2583 && (PL_DBcv || (PL_DBcv = GvCV(PL_DBsub)))
2584 /* Try harder, since this may have been a sighandler, thus
2585 * curstash may be meaningless. */
2586 && (SvTYPE(sv) != SVt_PVCV || CvSTASH((CV*)sv) != PL_debstash)
2587 && !(flags & G_NODEBUG))
2588 PL_op->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_DB;
2590 if (flags & G_METHOD) {
2591 Zero(&method_op, 1, UNOP);
2592 method_op.op_next = PL_op;
2593 method_op.op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_METHOD];
2594 myop.op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_ENTERSUB];
2595 PL_op = (OP*)&method_op;
2598 if (!(flags & G_EVAL)) {
2600 call_body((OP*)&myop, FALSE);
2601 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2602 CATCH_SET(oldcatch);
2605 myop.op_other = (OP*)&myop;
2607 /* we're trying to emulate pp_entertry() here */
2609 register PERL_CONTEXT *cx;
2610 const I32 gimme = GIMME_V;
2615 PUSHBLOCK(cx, (CXt_EVAL|CXp_TRYBLOCK), PL_stack_sp);
2617 PL_eval_root = PL_op; /* Only needed so that goto works right. */
2619 PL_in_eval = EVAL_INEVAL;
2620 if (flags & G_KEEPERR)
2621 PL_in_eval |= EVAL_KEEPERR;
2623 sv_setpvn(ERRSV,"",0);
2631 call_body((OP*)&myop, FALSE);
2632 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2633 if (!(flags & G_KEEPERR))
2634 sv_setpvn(ERRSV,"",0);
2640 /* my_exit() was called */
2641 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2644 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED))
2645 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Callback called exit");
2650 PL_op = PL_restartop;
2654 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2655 if (flags & G_ARRAY)
2659 *++PL_stack_sp = &PL_sv_undef;
2664 if (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope) {
2668 register PERL_CONTEXT *cx;
2675 PERL_UNUSED_VAR(newsp);
2676 PERL_UNUSED_VAR(gimme);
2677 PERL_UNUSED_VAR(optype);
2682 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2683 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2693 S_call_body(pTHX_ const OP *myop, bool is_eval)
2696 if (PL_op == myop) {
2698 PL_op = Perl_pp_entereval(aTHX); /* this doesn't do a POPMARK */
2700 PL_op = Perl_pp_entersub(aTHX); /* this does */
2706 /* Eval a string. The G_EVAL flag is always assumed. */
2709 =for apidoc p||eval_sv
2711 Tells Perl to C<eval> the string in the SV.
2717 Perl_eval_sv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
2719 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2723 UNOP myop; /* fake syntax tree node */
2724 volatile I32 oldmark = SP - PL_stack_base;
2725 volatile I32 retval = 0;
2727 OP* const oldop = PL_op;
2730 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2737 Zero(PL_op, 1, UNOP);
2738 EXTEND(PL_stack_sp, 1);
2739 *++PL_stack_sp = sv;
2741 if (!(flags & G_NOARGS))
2742 myop.op_flags = OPf_STACKED;
2743 myop.op_next = NULL;
2744 myop.op_type = OP_ENTEREVAL;
2745 myop.op_flags |= ((flags & G_VOID) ? OPf_WANT_VOID :
2746 (flags & G_ARRAY) ? OPf_WANT_LIST :
2748 if (flags & G_KEEPERR)
2749 myop.op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL;
2751 /* fail now; otherwise we could fail after the JMPENV_PUSH but
2752 * before a PUSHEVAL, which corrupts the stack after a croak */
2753 TAINT_PROPER("eval_sv()");
2759 call_body((OP*)&myop,TRUE);
2760 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2761 if (!(flags & G_KEEPERR))
2762 sv_setpvn(ERRSV,"",0);
2768 /* my_exit() was called */
2769 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2772 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED))
2773 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Callback called exit");
2778 PL_op = PL_restartop;
2782 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2783 if (flags & G_ARRAY)
2787 *++PL_stack_sp = &PL_sv_undef;
2793 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2794 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2804 =for apidoc p||eval_pv
2806 Tells Perl to C<eval> the given string and return an SV* result.
2812 Perl_eval_pv(pTHX_ const char *p, I32 croak_on_error)
2816 SV* sv = newSVpv(p, 0);
2818 eval_sv(sv, G_SCALAR);
2825 if (croak_on_error && SvTRUE(ERRSV)) {
2826 Perl_croak(aTHX_ SvPVx_nolen_const(ERRSV));
2832 /* Require a module. */
2835 =head1 Embedding Functions
2837 =for apidoc p||require_pv
2839 Tells Perl to C<require> the file named by the string argument. It is
2840 analogous to the Perl code C<eval "require '$file'">. It's even
2841 implemented that way; consider using load_module instead.
2846 Perl_require_pv(pTHX_ const char *pv)
2851 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_REQUIRE);
2853 sv = Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "require q%c%s%c", 0, pv, 0);
2854 eval_sv(sv_2mortal(sv), G_DISCARD);
2860 Perl_magicname(pTHX_ const char *sym, const char *name, I32 namlen)
2862 register GV * const gv = gv_fetchpv(sym, GV_ADD, SVt_PV);
2865 sv_magic(GvSV(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, namlen);
2869 S_usage(pTHX_ const char *name) /* XXX move this out into a module ? */
2871 /* This message really ought to be max 23 lines.
2872 * Removed -h because the user already knows that option. Others? */
2874 static const char * const usage_msg[] = {
2875 "-0[octal] specify record separator (\\0, if no argument)",
2876 "-A[mod][=pattern] activate all/given assertions",
2877 "-a autosplit mode with -n or -p (splits $_ into @F)",
2878 "-C[number/list] enables the listed Unicode features",
2879 "-c check syntax only (runs BEGIN and CHECK blocks)",
2880 "-d[:debugger] run program under debugger",
2881 "-D[number/list] set debugging flags (argument is a bit mask or alphabets)",
2882 "-e program one line of program (several -e's allowed, omit programfile)",
2883 "-E program like -e, but enables all optional features",
2884 "-f don't do $sitelib/sitecustomize.pl at startup",
2885 "-F/pattern/ split() pattern for -a switch (//'s are optional)",
2886 "-i[extension] edit <> files in place (makes backup if extension supplied)",
2887 "-Idirectory specify @INC/#include directory (several -I's allowed)",
2888 "-l[octal] enable line ending processing, specifies line terminator",
2889 "-[mM][-]module execute \"use/no module...\" before executing program",
2890 "-n assume \"while (<>) { ... }\" loop around program",
2891 "-p assume loop like -n but print line also, like sed",
2892 "-P run program through C preprocessor before compilation",
2893 "-s enable rudimentary parsing for switches after programfile",
2894 "-S look for programfile using PATH environment variable",
2895 "-t enable tainting warnings",
2896 "-T enable tainting checks",
2897 "-u dump core after parsing program",
2898 "-U allow unsafe operations",
2899 "-v print version, subversion (includes VERY IMPORTANT perl info)",
2900 "-V[:variable] print configuration summary (or a single Config.pm variable)",
2901 "-w enable many useful warnings (RECOMMENDED)",
2902 "-W enable all warnings",
2903 "-x[directory] strip off text before #!perl line and perhaps cd to directory",
2904 "-X disable all warnings",
2908 const char * const *p = usage_msg;
2910 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2911 "\nUsage: %s [switches] [--] [programfile] [arguments]",
2914 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(), "\n %s", *p++);
2917 /* convert a string of -D options (or digits) into an int.
2918 * sets *s to point to the char after the options */
2922 Perl_get_debug_opts(pTHX_ const char **s, bool givehelp)
2924 static const char * const usage_msgd[] = {
2925 " Debugging flag values: (see also -d)",
2926 " p Tokenizing and parsing (with v, displays parse stack)",
2927 " s Stack snapshots (with v, displays all stacks)",
2928 " l Context (loop) stack processing",
2929 " t Trace execution",
2930 " o Method and overloading resolution",
2931 " c String/numeric conversions",
2932 " P Print profiling info, preprocessor command for -P, source file input state",
2933 " m Memory allocation",
2934 " f Format processing",
2935 " r Regular expression parsing and execution",
2936 " x Syntax tree dump",
2937 " u Tainting checks",
2938 " H Hash dump -- usurps values()",
2939 " X Scratchpad allocation",
2941 " S Thread synchronization",
2943 " R Include reference counts of dumped variables (eg when using -Ds)",
2944 " J Do not s,t,P-debug (Jump over) opcodes within package DB",
2945 " v Verbose: use in conjunction with other flags",
2947 " A Consistency checks on internal structures",
2948 " q quiet - currently only suppresses the 'EXECUTING' message",
2953 /* if adding extra options, remember to update DEBUG_MASK */
2954 static const char debopts[] = "psltocPmfrxu HXDSTRJvCAq";
2956 for (; isALNUM(**s); (*s)++) {
2957 const char * const d = strchr(debopts,**s);
2959 i |= 1 << (d - debopts);
2960 else if (ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
2961 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
2962 "invalid option -D%c, use -D'' to see choices\n", **s);
2965 else if (isDIGIT(**s)) {
2967 for (; isALNUM(**s); (*s)++) ;
2969 else if (givehelp) {
2970 const char *const *p = usage_msgd;
2971 while (*p) PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(), "%s\n", *p++);
2974 if ((i & DEBUG_p_FLAG) && ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
2975 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
2976 "-Dp not implemented on this platform\n");
2982 /* This routine handles any switches that can be given during run */
2985 Perl_moreswitches(pTHX_ char *s)
2996 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rs);
2997 if (s[1] == 'x' && s[2]) {
2998 const char *e = s+=2;
3004 flags = PERL_SCAN_SILENT_ILLDIGIT;
3005 rschar = (U32)grok_hex(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
3006 if (s + numlen < e) {
3007 rschar = 0; /* Grandfather -0xFOO as -0 -xFOO. */
3011 PL_rs = newSVpvs("");
3012 SvGROW(PL_rs, (STRLEN)(UNISKIP(rschar) + 1));
3013 tmps = (U8*)SvPVX(PL_rs);
3014 uvchr_to_utf8(tmps, rschar);
3015 SvCUR_set(PL_rs, UNISKIP(rschar));
3020 rschar = (U32)grok_oct(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
3021 if (rschar & ~((U8)~0))
3022 PL_rs = &PL_sv_undef;
3023 else if (!rschar && numlen >= 2)
3024 PL_rs = newSVpvs("");
3026 char ch = (char)rschar;
3027 PL_rs = newSVpvn(&ch, 1);
3030 sv_setsv(get_sv("/", TRUE), PL_rs);
3035 PL_unicode = parse_unicode_opts( (const char **)&s );
3040 while (*s && !isSPACE(*s)) ++s;
3041 PL_splitstr = savepvn(PL_splitstr, s - PL_splitstr);
3052 forbid_setid('d', -1);
3055 /* -dt indicates to the debugger that threads will be used */
3056 if (*s == 't' && !isALNUM(s[1])) {
3058 my_setenv("PERL5DB_THREADED", "1");
3061 /* The following permits -d:Mod to accepts arguments following an =
3062 in the fashion that -MSome::Mod does. */
3063 if (*s == ':' || *s == '=') {
3065 SV * const sv = newSVpvs("use Devel::");
3067 /* We now allow -d:Module=Foo,Bar */
3068 while(isALNUM(*s) || *s==':') ++s;
3070 sv_catpv(sv, start);
3072 sv_catpvn(sv, start, s-start);
3073 /* Don't use NUL as q// delimiter here, this string goes in the
3075 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ sv, " split(/,/,q{%s});", ++s);
3078 my_setenv("PERL5DB", SvPV_nolen_const(sv));
3081 PL_perldb = PERLDB_ALL;
3088 forbid_setid('D', -1);
3090 PL_debug = get_debug_opts( (const char **)&s, 1) | DEBUG_TOP_FLAG;
3091 #else /* !DEBUGGING */
3092 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
3093 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
3094 "Recompile perl with -DDEBUGGING to use -D switch (did you mean -d ?)\n");
3095 for (s++; isALNUM(*s); s++) ;
3100 usage(PL_origargv[0]);
3103 Safefree(PL_inplace);
3104 #if defined(__CYGWIN__) /* do backup extension automagically */
3105 if (*(s+1) == '\0') {
3106 PL_inplace = savepvs(".bak");
3109 #endif /* __CYGWIN__ */
3111 const char *start = ++s;
3112 while (*s && !isSPACE(*s))
3115 PL_inplace = savepvn(start, s - start);
3119 if (*s == '-') /* Additional switches on #! line. */
3123 case 'I': /* -I handled both here and in parse_body() */
3124 forbid_setid('I', -1);
3126 while (*s && isSPACE(*s))
3131 /* ignore trailing spaces (possibly followed by other switches) */
3133 for (e = p; *e && !isSPACE(*e); e++) ;
3137 } while (*p && *p != '-');
3138 e = savepvn(s, e-s);
3139 incpush(e, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE, FALSE);
3146 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No directory specified for -I");
3152 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ors_sv);
3158 PL_ors_sv = newSVpvs("\n");
3159 numlen = 3 + (*s == '0');
3160 *SvPVX(PL_ors_sv) = (char)grok_oct(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
3164 if (RsPARA(PL_rs)) {
3165 PL_ors_sv = newSVpvs("\n\n");
3168 PL_ors_sv = newSVsv(PL_rs);
3173 forbid_setid('A', -1);
3175 PL_preambleav = newAV();
3178 char * const start = s;
3179 SV * const sv = newSVpvs("use assertions::activate");
3180 while(isALNUM(*s) || *s == ':') ++s;
3182 sv_catpvs(sv, "::");
3183 sv_catpvn(sv, start, s-start);
3186 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ sv, " split(/,/,q%c%s%c)", 0, ++s, 0);
3189 else if (*s != '\0') {
3190 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use '%c' after -A%.*s", *s, (int)(s-start), start);
3192 av_push(PL_preambleav, sv);
3196 forbid_setid('M', -1); /* XXX ? */
3199 forbid_setid('m', -1); /* XXX ? */
3203 const char *use = "use ";
3204 /* -M-foo == 'no foo' */
3205 /* Leading space on " no " is deliberate, to make both
3206 possibilities the same length. */
3207 if (*s == '-') { use = " no "; ++s; }
3208 sv = newSVpvn(use,4);
3210 /* We allow -M'Module qw(Foo Bar)' */
3211 while(isALNUM(*s) || *s==':') ++s;
3213 sv_catpv(sv, start);
3214 if (*(start-1) == 'm') {
3216 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use '%c' after -mname", *s);
3217 sv_catpvs( sv, " ()");
3221 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Module name required with -%c option",
3223 sv_catpvn(sv, start, s-start);
3224 sv_catpvs(sv, " split(/,/,q");
3225 sv_catpvs(sv, "\0"); /* Use NUL as q//-delimiter. */
3227 sv_catpvs(sv, "\0)");
3231 PL_preambleav = newAV();
3232 av_push(PL_preambleav, sv);
3235 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Missing argument to -%c", *(s-1));
3246 forbid_setid('s', -1);
3247 PL_doswitches = TRUE;
3261 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3262 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Believe me, you don't want to use \"-u\" on a Macintosh");
3264 PL_do_undump = TRUE;
3272 if (!sv_derived_from(PL_patchlevel, "version"))
3273 upg_version(PL_patchlevel);
3275 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3276 Perl_form(aTHX_ "\nThis is perl, %"SVf
3277 #ifdef PERL_PATCHNUM
3278 " DEVEL" STRINGIFY(PERL_PATCHNUM)
3281 vstringify(PL_patchlevel),
3284 /* Adjust verbose output as in the perl that ships with the DG/UX OS from EMC */
3285 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3286 Perl_form(aTHX_ "\nThis is perl, %"SVf"\n",
3287 vstringify(PL_patchlevel)));
3288 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3289 Perl_form(aTHX_ " built under %s at %s %s\n",
3290 OSNAME, __DATE__, __TIME__));
3291 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3292 Perl_form(aTHX_ " OS Specific Release: %s\n",
3296 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
3297 if (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT > 0)
3298 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3299 "\n(with %d registered patch%s, "
3300 "see perl -V for more detail)",
3301 (int)LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT,
3302 (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT!=1) ? "es" : "");
3305 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3306 "\n\nCopyright 1987-2006, Larry Wall\n");
3307 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3308 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3309 "\nMac OS port Copyright 1991-2002, Matthias Neeracher;\n"
3310 "maintained by Chris Nandor\n");
3313 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3314 "\nMS-DOS port Copyright (c) 1989, 1990, Diomidis Spinellis\n");
3317 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3318 "djgpp v2 port (jpl5003c) by Hirofumi Watanabe, 1996\n"
3319 "djgpp v2 port (perl5004+) by Laszlo Molnar, 1997-1999\n");
3322 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3323 "\n\nOS/2 port Copyright (c) 1990, 1991, Raymond Chen, Kai Uwe Rommel\n"
3324 "Version 5 port Copyright (c) 1994-2002, Andreas Kaiser, Ilya Zakharevich\n");
3327 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3328 "atariST series port, ++jrb bammi@cadence.com\n");
3331 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3332 "BeOS port Copyright Tom Spindler, 1997-1999\n");
3335 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3336 "MPE/iX port Copyright by Mark Klein and Mark Bixby, 1996-2003\n");
3339 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3340 "MVS (OS390) port by Mortice Kern Systems, 1997-1999\n");
3343 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3344 "Stratus VOS port by Paul.Green@stratus.com, 1997-2002\n");
3347 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3348 "VM/ESA port by Neale Ferguson, 1998-1999\n");
3351 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3352 "BS2000 (POSIX) port by Start Amadeus GmbH, 1998-1999\n");
3355 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3356 "MiNT port by Guido Flohr, 1997-1999\n");
3359 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3360 "EPOC port by Olaf Flebbe, 1999-2002\n");
3363 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),"WINCE port by Rainer Keuchel, 2001-2002\n");
3364 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),"Built on " __DATE__ " " __TIME__ "\n\n");
3367 #ifdef __SYMBIAN32__
3368 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3369 "Symbian port by Nokia, 2004-2005\n");
3371 #ifdef BINARY_BUILD_NOTICE
3372 BINARY_BUILD_NOTICE;
3374 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3376 Perl may be copied only under the terms of either the Artistic License or the\n\
3377 GNU General Public License, which may be found in the Perl 5 source kit.\n\n\
3378 Complete documentation for Perl, including FAQ lists, should be found on\n\
3379 this system using \"man perl\" or \"perldoc perl\". If you have access to the\n\
3380 Internet, point your browser at http://www.perl.org/, the Perl Home Page.\n\n");
3383 if (! (PL_dowarn & G_WARN_ALL_MASK))
3384 PL_dowarn |= G_WARN_ON;
3388 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_ALL_ON|G_WARN_ON;
3389 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
3390 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
3391 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = pWARN_ALL ;
3395 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_ALL_OFF;
3396 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
3397 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
3398 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = pWARN_NONE ;
3403 if (s[1] == '-') /* Additional switches on #! line. */
3408 #if defined(WIN32) || !defined(PERL_STRICT_CR)
3414 #ifdef ALTERNATE_SHEBANG
3415 case 'S': /* OS/2 needs -S on "extproc" line. */
3423 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't emulate -%.1s on #! line",s);
3428 /* compliments of Tom Christiansen */
3430 /* unexec() can be found in the Gnu emacs distribution */
3431 /* Known to work with -DUNEXEC and using unexelf.c from GNU emacs-20.2 */
3434 Perl_my_unexec(pTHX)
3436 PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
3438 SV * prog = newSVpv(BIN_EXP, 0);
3439 SV * file = newSVpv(PL_origfilename, 0);
3443 sv_catpvs(prog, "/perl");
3444 sv_catpvs(file, ".perldump");
3446 unexec(SvPVX(file), SvPVX(prog), &etext, sbrk(0), 0);
3447 /* unexec prints msg to stderr in case of failure */
3448 PerlProc_exit(status);
3451 # include <lib$routines.h>
3452 lib$signal(SS$_DEBUG); /* ssdef.h #included from vmsish.h */
3453 # elif defined(WIN32) || defined(__CYGWIN__)
3454 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "dump is not supported");
3456 ABORT(); /* for use with undump */
3461 /* initialize curinterp */
3467 # define PERLVAR(var,type)
3468 # define PERLVARA(var,n,type)
3469 # if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
3470 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) aTHX->var = init;
3471 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) aTHX->var = init;
3473 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
3474 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
3476 # include "intrpvar.h"
3477 # include "thrdvar.h"
3483 # define PERLVAR(var,type)
3484 # define PERLVARA(var,n,type)
3485 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PL_##var = init;
3486 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PL_##var = init;
3487 # include "intrpvar.h"
3488 # include "thrdvar.h"
3498 S_init_main_stash(pTHX)
3503 PL_curstash = PL_defstash = newHV();
3504 /* We know that the string "main" will be in the global shared string
3505 table, so it's a small saving to use it rather than allocate another
3507 PL_curstname = newSVpvs_share("main");
3508 gv = gv_fetchpvs("main::", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVHV);
3509 /* If we hadn't caused another reference to "main" to be in the shared
3510 string table above, then it would be worth reordering these two,
3511 because otherwise all we do is delete "main" from it as a consequence
3512 of the SvREFCNT_dec, only to add it again with hv_name_set */
3513 SvREFCNT_dec(GvHV(gv));
3514 hv_name_set(PL_defstash, "main", 4, 0);
3515 GvHV(gv) = (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc_simple(PL_defstash);
3517 PL_incgv = gv_HVadd(gv_AVadd(gv_fetchpvs("INC", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL,
3519 SvREFCNT_inc_simple(PL_incgv); /* Don't allow it to be freed */
3520 GvMULTI_on(PL_incgv);
3521 PL_hintgv = gv_fetchpvs("\010", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV); /* ^H */
3522 GvMULTI_on(PL_hintgv);
3523 PL_defgv = gv_fetchpvs("_", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVAV);
3524 SvREFCNT_inc_simple(PL_defgv);
3525 PL_errgv = gv_HVadd(gv_fetchpvs("@", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV));
3526 SvREFCNT_inc_simple(PL_errgv);
3527 GvMULTI_on(PL_errgv);
3528 PL_replgv = gv_fetchpvs("\022", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV); /* ^R */
3529 GvMULTI_on(PL_replgv);
3530 (void)Perl_form(aTHX_ "%240s",""); /* Preallocate temp - for immediate signals. */
3531 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
3534 sv_grow(ERRSV, 240); /* Preallocate - for immediate signals. */
3535 sv_setpvn(ERRSV, "", 0);
3536 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
3537 CopSTASH_set(&PL_compiling, PL_defstash);
3538 PL_debstash = GvHV(gv_fetchpvs("DB::", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
3539 PL_globalstash = GvHV(gv_fetchpvs("CORE::GLOBAL::", GV_ADDMULTI,
3541 /* We must init $/ before switches are processed. */
3542 sv_setpvn(get_sv("/", TRUE), "\n", 1);
3546 S_open_script(pTHX_ const char *scriptname, bool dosearch, SV *sv,
3552 const char *cpp_discard_flag;
3561 PL_origfilename = savepvs("-e");
3564 /* if find_script() returns, it returns a malloc()-ed value */
3565 scriptname = PL_origfilename = find_script(scriptname, dosearch, NULL, 1);
3567 if (strnEQ(scriptname, "/dev/fd/", 8) && isDIGIT(scriptname[8]) ) {
3568 const char *s = scriptname + 8;
3574 * Tell apart "normal" usage of fdscript, e.g.
3575 * with bash on FreeBSD:
3576 * perl <( echo '#!perl -DA'; echo 'print "$0\n"')
3577 * from usage in suidperl.
3578 * Does any "normal" usage leave garbage after the number???
3579 * Is it a mistake to use a similar /dev/fd/ construct for
3584 * Be supersafe and do some sanity-checks.
3585 * Still, can we be sure we got the right thing?
3588 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Wrong syntax (suid) fd script name \"%s\"\n", s);
3591 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Missing (suid) fd script name\n");
3593 scriptname = savepv(s + 1);
3594 Safefree(PL_origfilename);
3595 PL_origfilename = (char *)scriptname;
3600 CopFILE_free(PL_curcop);
3601 CopFILE_set(PL_curcop, PL_origfilename);
3602 if (*PL_origfilename == '-' && PL_origfilename[1] == '\0')
3603 scriptname = (char *)"";
3604 if (fdscript >= 0) {
3605 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_fdopen(fdscript,PERL_SCRIPT_MODE);
3606 # if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3608 /* ensure close-on-exec */
3609 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,1);
3614 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "sperl needs fd script\n"
3615 "You should not call sperl directly; do you need to "
3616 "change a #! line\nfrom sperl to perl?\n");
3619 * Do not open (or do other fancy stuff) while setuid.
3620 * Perl does the open, and hands script to suidperl on a fd;
3621 * suidperl only does some checks, sets up UIDs and re-execs
3622 * perl with that fd as it has always done.
3625 if (*suidscript != 1) {
3626 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "suidperl needs (suid) fd script\n");
3629 else if (PL_preprocess) {
3630 const char * const cpp_cfg = CPPSTDIN;
3631 SV * const cpp = newSVpvs("");
3632 SV * const cmd = newSV(0);
3634 if (cpp_cfg[0] == 0) /* PERL_MICRO? */
3635 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't run with cpp -P with CPPSTDIN undefined");
3636 if (strEQ(cpp_cfg, "cppstdin"))
3637 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ cpp, "%s/", BIN_EXP);
3638 sv_catpv(cpp, cpp_cfg);
3641 sv_catpvs(sv, "-I");
3642 sv_catpv(sv,PRIVLIB_EXP);
3645 DEBUG_P(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3646 "PL_preprocess: scriptname=\"%s\", cpp=\"%s\", sv=\"%s\", CPPMINUS=\"%s\"\n",
3647 scriptname, SvPVX_const (cpp), SvPVX_const (sv),
3650 # if defined(MSDOS) || defined(WIN32) || defined(VMS)
3657 cpp_discard_flag = "";
3659 cpp_discard_flag = "-C";
3663 perl = os2_execname(aTHX);
3665 perl = PL_origargv[0];
3669 /* This strips off Perl comments which might interfere with
3670 the C pre-processor, including #!. #line directives are
3671 deliberately stripped to avoid confusion with Perl's version
3672 of #line. FWP played some golf with it so it will fit
3673 into VMS's 255 character buffer.
3676 code = "(1../^#!.*perl/i)|/^\\s*#(?!\\s*((ifn?|un)def|(el|end)?if|define|include|else|error|pragma)\\b)/||!($|=1)||print";
3678 code = "/^\\s*#(?!\\s*((ifn?|un)def|(el|end)?if|define|include|else|error|pragma)\\b)/||!($|=1)||print";
3680 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ cmd, "\
3681 %s -ne%s%s%s %s | %"SVf" %s %"SVf" %s",
3682 perl, quote, code, quote, scriptname, cpp,
3683 cpp_discard_flag, sv, CPPMINUS);
3685 PL_doextract = FALSE;
3687 DEBUG_P(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3688 "PL_preprocess: cmd=\"%s\"\n",
3691 PL_rsfp = PerlProc_popen((char *)SvPVX_const(cmd), (char *)"r");
3695 else if (!*scriptname) {
3696 forbid_setid(0, *suidscript);
3697 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_stdin();
3700 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_open(scriptname,PERL_SCRIPT_MODE);
3701 # if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3703 /* ensure close-on-exec */
3704 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,1);
3707 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3709 /* PSz 16 Sep 03 Keep neat error message */
3711 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't open "BIT_BUCKET": %s\n", Strerror(errno));
3713 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't open perl script \"%s\": %s\n",
3714 CopFILE(PL_curcop), Strerror(errno));
3720 * I_SYSSTATVFS HAS_FSTATVFS
3722 * I_STATFS HAS_FSTATFS HAS_GETFSSTAT
3723 * I_MNTENT HAS_GETMNTENT HAS_HASMNTOPT
3724 * here so that metaconfig picks them up. */
3728 S_fd_on_nosuid_fs(pTHX_ int fd)
3731 * We used to do this as "plain" user (after swapping UIDs with setreuid);
3732 * but is needed also on machines without setreuid.
3733 * Seems safe enough to run as root.
3735 int check_okay = 0; /* able to do all the required sys/libcalls */
3736 int on_nosuid = 0; /* the fd is on a nosuid fs */
3738 * Need to check noexec also: nosuid might not be set, the average
3739 * sysadmin would say that nosuid is irrelevant once he sets noexec.
3741 int on_noexec = 0; /* the fd is on a noexec fs */
3744 * Preferred order: fstatvfs(), fstatfs(), ustat()+getmnt(), getmntent().
3745 * fstatvfs() is UNIX98.
3746 * fstatfs() is 4.3 BSD.
3747 * ustat()+getmnt() is pre-4.3 BSD.
3748 * getmntent() is O(number-of-mounted-filesystems) and can hang on
3749 * an irrelevant filesystem while trying to reach the right one.
3752 #undef FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY /* found the syscalls to do the check? */
3754 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3755 defined(HAS_FSTATVFS)
3756 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3757 struct statvfs stfs;
3759 check_okay = fstatvfs(fd, &stfs) == 0;
3760 on_nosuid = check_okay && (stfs.f_flag & ST_NOSUID);
3762 /* ST_NOEXEC certainly absent on AIX 5.1, and doesn't seem to be documented
3763 on platforms where it is present. */
3764 on_noexec = check_okay && (stfs.f_flag & ST_NOEXEC);
3766 # endif /* fstatvfs */
3768 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3769 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID) && \
3770 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC) && \
3771 defined(HAS_FSTATFS) && \
3772 defined(HAS_STRUCT_STATFS) && \
3773 defined(HAS_STRUCT_STATFS_F_FLAGS)
3774 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3777 check_okay = fstatfs(fd, &stfs) == 0;
3778 on_nosuid = check_okay && (stfs.f_flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID);
3779 on_noexec = check_okay && (stfs.f_flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC);
3780 # endif /* fstatfs */
3782 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3783 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID) && \
3784 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC) && \
3785 defined(HAS_FSTAT) && \
3786 defined(HAS_USTAT) && \
3787 defined(HAS_GETMNT) && \
3788 defined(HAS_STRUCT_FS_DATA) && \
3790 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3793 if (fstat(fd, &fdst) == 0) {
3795 if (ustat(fdst.st_dev, &us) == 0) {
3797 /* NOSTAT_ONE here because we're not examining fields which
3798 * vary between that case and STAT_ONE. */
3799 if (getmnt((int*)0, &fsd, (int)0, NOSTAT_ONE, us.f_fname) == 0) {
3800 size_t cmplen = sizeof(us.f_fname);
3801 if (sizeof(fsd.fd_req.path) < cmplen)
3802 cmplen = sizeof(fsd.fd_req.path);
3803 if (strnEQ(fsd.fd_req.path, us.f_fname, cmplen) &&
3804 fdst.st_dev == fsd.fd_req.dev) {
3806 on_nosuid = fsd.fd_req.flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID;
3807 on_noexec = fsd.fd_req.flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC;
3812 # endif /* fstat+ustat+getmnt */
3814 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3815 defined(HAS_GETMNTENT) && \
3816 defined(HAS_HASMNTOPT) && \
3817 defined(MNTOPT_NOSUID) && \
3818 defined(MNTOPT_NOEXEC)
3819 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3820 FILE *mtab = fopen("/etc/mtab", "r");
3821 struct mntent *entry;
3824 if (mtab && (fstat(fd, &stb) == 0)) {
3825 while (entry = getmntent(mtab)) {
3826 if (stat(entry->mnt_dir, &fsb) == 0
3827 && fsb.st_dev == stb.st_dev)
3829 /* found the filesystem */
3831 if (hasmntopt(entry, MNTOPT_NOSUID))
3833 if (hasmntopt(entry, MNTOPT_NOEXEC))
3836 } /* A single fs may well fail its stat(). */
3841 # endif /* getmntent+hasmntopt */
3844 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't check filesystem of script \"%s\" for nosuid/noexec", PL_origfilename);
3846 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script \"%s\" on nosuid filesystem", PL_origfilename);
3848 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script \"%s\" on noexec filesystem", PL_origfilename);
3849 return ((!check_okay) || on_nosuid || on_noexec);
3851 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3854 S_validate_suid(pTHX_ const char *validarg, const char *scriptname,
3855 int fdscript, int suidscript)
3860 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3862 /* do we need to emulate setuid on scripts? */
3864 /* This code is for those BSD systems that have setuid #! scripts disabled
3865 * in the kernel because of a security problem. Merely defining DOSUID
3866 * in perl will not fix that problem, but if you have disabled setuid
3867 * scripts in the kernel, this will attempt to emulate setuid and setgid
3868 * on scripts that have those now-otherwise-useless bits set. The setuid
3869 * root version must be called suidperl or sperlN.NNN. If regular perl
3870 * discovers that it has opened a setuid script, it calls suidperl with
3871 * the same argv that it had. If suidperl finds that the script it has
3872 * just opened is NOT setuid root, it sets the effective uid back to the
3873 * uid. We don't just make perl setuid root because that loses the
3874 * effective uid we had before invoking perl, if it was different from the
3877 * Description/comments above do not match current workings:
3878 * suidperl must be hardlinked to sperlN.NNN (that is what we exec);
3879 * suidperl called with script open and name changed to /dev/fd/N/X;
3880 * suidperl croaks if script is not setuid;
3881 * making perl setuid would be a huge security risk (and yes, that
3882 * would lose any euid we might have had).
3884 * DOSUID must be defined in both perl and suidperl, and IAMSUID must
3885 * be defined in suidperl only. suidperl must be setuid root. The
3886 * Configure script will set this up for you if you want it.
3892 if (PerlLIO_fstat(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),&PL_statbuf) < 0) /* normal stat is insecure */
3893 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't stat script \"%s\"",PL_origfilename);
3894 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & (S_ISUID|S_ISGID)) {
3896 const char *linestr;
3900 if (fdscript < 0 || suidscript != 1)
3901 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Need (suid) fdscript in suidperl\n"); /* We already checked this */
3903 * Since the script is opened by perl, not suidperl, some of these
3904 * checks are superfluous. Leaving them in probably does not lower
3908 * Do checks even for systems with no HAS_SETREUID.
3909 * We used to swap, then re-swap UIDs with
3911 if (setreuid(PL_euid,PL_uid) < 0
3912 || PerlProc_getuid() != PL_euid || PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_uid)
3913 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't swap uid and euid");
3916 if (setreuid(PL_uid,PL_euid) < 0
3917 || PerlProc_getuid() != PL_uid || PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_euid)
3918 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't reswap uid and euid");
3922 /* On this access check to make sure the directories are readable,
3923 * there is actually a small window that the user could use to make
3924 * filename point to an accessible directory. So there is a faint
3925 * chance that someone could execute a setuid script down in a
3926 * non-accessible directory. I don't know what to do about that.
3927 * But I don't think it's too important. The manual lies when
3928 * it says access() is useful in setuid programs.
3930 * So, access() is pretty useless... but not harmful... do anyway.
3932 if (PerlLIO_access(CopFILE(PL_curcop),1)) { /*double check*/
3933 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't access() script\n");
3936 /* If we can swap euid and uid, then we can determine access rights
3937 * with a simple stat of the file, and then compare device and
3938 * inode to make sure we did stat() on the same file we opened.
3939 * Then we just have to make sure he or she can execute it.
3942 * As the script is opened by perl, not suidperl, we do not need to
3943 * care much about access rights.
3945 * The 'script changed' check is needed, or we can get lied to
3946 * about $0 with e.g.
3947 * suidperl /dev/fd/4//bin/x 4<setuidscript
3948 * Without HAS_SETREUID, is it safe to stat() as root?
3950 * Are there any operating systems that pass /dev/fd/xxx for setuid
3951 * scripts, as suggested/described in perlsec(1)? Surely they do not
3952 * pass the script name as we do, so the "script changed" test would
3953 * fail for them... but we never get here with
3954 * SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW defined.
3956 * This is one place where we must "lie" about return status: not
3957 * say if the stat() failed. We are doing this as root, and could
3958 * be tricked into reporting existence or not of files that the
3959 * "plain" user cannot even see.
3963 if (PerlLIO_stat(CopFILE(PL_curcop),&tmpstatbuf) < 0 ||
3964 tmpstatbuf.st_dev != PL_statbuf.st_dev ||
3965 tmpstatbuf.st_ino != PL_statbuf.st_ino) {
3966 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script changed\n");
3970 if (!cando(S_IXUSR,FALSE,&PL_statbuf)) /* can real uid exec? */
3971 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Real UID cannot exec script\n");
3974 * We used to do this check as the "plain" user (after swapping
3975 * UIDs). But the check for nosuid and noexec filesystem is needed,
3976 * and should be done even without HAS_SETREUID. (Maybe those
3977 * operating systems do not have such mount options anyway...)
3978 * Seems safe enough to do as root.
3980 #if !defined(NO_NOSUID_CHECK)
3981 if (fd_on_nosuid_fs(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp))) {
3982 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script on nosuid or noexec filesystem\n");
3985 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3987 if (!S_ISREG(PL_statbuf.st_mode)) {
3988 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script not plain file\n");
3990 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_IWOTH)
3991 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid/gid script is writable by world");
3992 PL_doswitches = FALSE; /* -s is insecure in suid */
3993 /* PSz 13 Nov 03 But -s was caught elsewhere ... so unsetting it here is useless(?!) */
3994 CopLINE_inc(PL_curcop);
3995 if (sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0) == NULL)
3996 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No #! line");
3997 linestr = SvPV_nolen_const(PL_linestr);
3998 /* required even on Sys V */
3999 if (!*linestr || !linestr[1] || strnNE(linestr,"#!",2))
4000 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No #! line");
4004 /* Sanity check on line length */
4005 s_end = s + strlen(s);
4006 if (s_end == s || (s_end - s) > 4000)
4007 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Very long #! line");
4008 /* Allow more than a single space after #! */
4009 while (isSPACE(*s)) s++;
4010 /* Sanity check on buffer end */
4011 while ((*s) && !isSPACE(*s)) s++;
4012 for (s2 = s; (s2 > linestr &&
4013 (isDIGIT(s2[-1]) || s2[-1] == '.' || s2[-1] == '_'
4014 || s2[-1] == '-')); s2--) ;
4015 /* Sanity check on buffer start */
4016 if ( (s2-4 < linestr || strnNE(s2-4,"perl",4)) &&
4017 (s-9 < linestr || strnNE(s-9,"perl",4)) )
4018 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Not a perl script");
4019 while (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t') s++;
4021 * #! arg must be what we saw above. They can invoke it by
4022 * mentioning suidperl explicitly, but they may not add any strange
4023 * arguments beyond what #! says if they do invoke suidperl that way.
4026 * The way validarg was set up, we rely on the kernel to start
4027 * scripts with argv[1] set to contain all #! line switches (the
4031 * Check that we got all the arguments listed in the #! line (not
4032 * just that there are no extraneous arguments). Might not matter
4033 * much, as switches from #! line seem to be acted upon (also), and
4034 * so may be checked and trapped in perl. But, security checks must
4035 * be done in suidperl and not deferred to perl. Note that suidperl
4036 * does not get around to parsing (and checking) the switches on
4037 * the #! line (but execs perl sooner).
4038 * Allow (require) a trailing newline (which may be of two
4039 * characters on some architectures?) (but no other trailing
4042 len = strlen(validarg);
4043 if (strEQ(validarg," PHOOEY ") ||
4044 strnNE(s,validarg,len) || !isSPACE(s[len]) ||
4045 !((s_end - s) == len+1
4046 || ((s_end - s) == len+2 && isSPACE(s[len+1]))))
4047 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Args must match #! line");
4051 PL_euid != PL_uid && (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID) &&
4052 PL_euid == PL_statbuf.st_uid)
4054 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "YOU HAVEN'T DISABLED SET-ID SCRIPTS IN THE KERNEL YET!\n\
4055 FIX YOUR KERNEL, OR PUT A C WRAPPER AROUND THIS SCRIPT!\n");
4056 #endif /* IAMSUID */
4059 PL_euid) { /* oops, we're not the setuid root perl */
4061 * When root runs a setuid script, we do not go through the same
4062 * steps of execing sperl and then perl with fd scripts, but
4063 * simply set up UIDs within the same perl invocation; so do
4064 * not have the same checks (on options, whatever) that we have
4065 * for plain users. No problem really: would have to be a script
4066 * that does not actually work for plain users; and if root is
4067 * foolish and can be persuaded to run such an unsafe script, he
4068 * might run also non-setuid ones, and deserves what he gets.
4070 * Or, we might drop the PL_euid check above (and rely just on
4071 * fdscript to avoid loops), and do the execs
4077 * Pass fd script to suidperl.
4078 * Exec suidperl, substituting fd script for scriptname.
4079 * Pass script name as "subdir" of fd, which perl will grok;
4080 * in fact will use that to distinguish this from "normal"
4081 * usage, see comments above.
4083 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
4084 PerlLIO_lseek(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),(Off_t)0,0); /* just in case rewind didn't */
4085 /* PSz 27 Feb 04 Sanity checks on scriptname */
4086 if ((!scriptname) || (!*scriptname) ) {
4087 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No setuid script name\n");
4089 if (*scriptname == '-') {
4090 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script name may not begin with dash\n");
4091 /* Or we might confuse it with an option when replacing
4092 * name in argument list, below (though we do pointer, not
4093 * string, comparisons).
4096 for (which = 1; PL_origargv[which] && PL_origargv[which] != scriptname; which++) ;
4097 if (!PL_origargv[which]) {
4098 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't change argv to have fd script\n");
4100 PL_origargv[which] = savepv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "/dev/fd/%d/%s",
4101 PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp), PL_origargv[which]));
4102 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
4103 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,0); /* ensure no close-on-exec */
4106 PerlProc_execv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s/sperl"PERL_FS_VER_FMT, BIN_EXP,
4107 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
4108 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION), PL_origargv);
4110 #endif /* IAMSUID */
4111 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setuid (cannot exec sperl)\n");
4114 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISGID && PL_statbuf.st_gid != PL_egid) {
4116 * This seems back to front: we try HAS_SETEGID first; if not available
4117 * then try HAS_SETREGID; as a last chance we try HAS_SETRESGID. May be OK
4118 * in the sense that we only want to set EGID; but are there any machines
4119 * with either of the latter, but not the former? Same with UID, later.
4122 (void)setegid(PL_statbuf.st_gid);
4125 (void)setregid((Gid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_gid);
4127 #ifdef HAS_SETRESGID
4128 (void)setresgid((Gid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_gid,(Gid_t)-1);
4130 PerlProc_setgid(PL_statbuf.st_gid);
4134 if (PerlProc_getegid() != PL_statbuf.st_gid)
4135 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setegid!\n");
4137 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID) {
4138 if (PL_statbuf.st_uid != PL_euid)
4140 (void)seteuid(PL_statbuf.st_uid); /* all that for this */
4143 (void)setreuid((Uid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_uid);
4145 #ifdef HAS_SETRESUID
4146 (void)setresuid((Uid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_uid,(Uid_t)-1);
4148 PerlProc_setuid(PL_statbuf.st_uid);
4152 if (PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_statbuf.st_uid)
4153 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do seteuid!\n");
4155 else if (PL_uid) { /* oops, mustn't run as root */
4157 (void)seteuid((Uid_t)PL_uid);
4160 (void)setreuid((Uid_t)-1,(Uid_t)PL_uid);
4162 #ifdef HAS_SETRESUID
4163 (void)setresuid((Uid_t)-1,(Uid_t)PL_uid,(Uid_t)-1);
4165 PerlProc_setuid((Uid_t)PL_uid);
4169 if (PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_uid)
4170 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do seteuid!\n");
4173 if (!cando(S_IXUSR,TRUE,&PL_statbuf))
4174 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Effective UID cannot exec script\n"); /* they can't do this */
4177 else if (PL_preprocess) /* PSz 13 Nov 03 Caught elsewhere, useless(?!) here */
4178 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "-P not allowed for setuid/setgid script\n");
4179 else if (fdscript < 0 || suidscript != 1)
4180 /* PSz 13 Nov 03 Caught elsewhere, useless(?!) here */
4181 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "(suid) fdscript needed in suidperl\n");
4183 /* PSz 16 Sep 03 Keep neat error message */
4184 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Script is not setuid/setgid in suidperl\n");
4187 /* We absolutely must clear out any saved ids here, so we */
4188 /* exec the real perl, substituting fd script for scriptname. */
4189 /* (We pass script name as "subdir" of fd, which perl will grok.) */
4191 * It might be thought that using setresgid and/or setresuid (changed to
4192 * set the saved IDs) above might obviate the need to exec, and we could
4193 * go on to "do the perl thing".
4195 * Is there such a thing as "saved GID", and is that set for setuid (but
4196 * not setgid) execution like suidperl? Without exec, it would not be
4197 * cleared for setuid (but not setgid) scripts (or might need a dummy
4200 * We need suidperl to do the exact same argument checking that perl
4201 * does. Thus it cannot be very small; while it could be significantly
4202 * smaller, it is safer (simpler?) to make it essentially the same
4203 * binary as perl (but they are not identical). - Maybe could defer that
4204 * check to the invoked perl, and suidperl be a tiny wrapper instead;
4205 * but prefer to do thorough checks in suidperl itself. Such deferral
4206 * would make suidperl security rely on perl, a design no-no.
4208 * Setuid things should be short and simple, thus easy to understand and
4209 * verify. They should do their "own thing", without influence by
4210 * attackers. It may help if their internal execution flow is fixed,
4211 * regardless of platform: it may be best to exec anyway.
4213 * Suidperl should at least be conceptually simple: a wrapper only,
4214 * never to do any real perl. Maybe we should put
4216 * Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Suidperl should never do real perl\n");
4218 * into the perly bits.
4220 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
4221 PerlLIO_lseek(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),(Off_t)0,0); /* just in case rewind didn't */
4223 * Keep original arguments: suidperl already has fd script.
4225 /* for (which = 1; PL_origargv[which] && PL_origargv[which] != scriptname; which++) ; */
4226 /* if (!PL_origargv[which]) { */
4227 /* errno = EPERM; */
4228 /* Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Permission denied\n"); */
4230 /* PL_origargv[which] = savepv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "/dev/fd/%d/%s", */
4231 /* PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp), PL_origargv[which])); */
4232 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
4233 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,0); /* ensure no close-on-exec */
4236 PerlProc_execv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s/perl"PERL_FS_VER_FMT, BIN_EXP,
4237 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
4238 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION), PL_origargv);/* try again */
4240 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setuid (suidperl cannot exec perl)\n");
4241 #endif /* IAMSUID */
4243 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(fdscript);
4244 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(suidscript);
4245 if (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid) { /* (suidperl doesn't exist, in fact) */
4246 #ifndef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
4247 PerlLIO_fstat(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),&PL_statbuf); /* may be either wrapped or real suid */
4248 if ((PL_euid != PL_uid && PL_euid == PL_statbuf.st_uid && PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID)
4250 (PL_egid != PL_gid && PL_egid == PL_statbuf.st_gid && PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISGID)
4253 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "YOU HAVEN'T DISABLED SET-ID SCRIPTS IN THE KERNEL YET!\n\
4254 FIX YOUR KERNEL, PUT A C WRAPPER AROUND THIS SCRIPT, OR USE -u AND UNDUMP!\n");
4255 #endif /* SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW */
4256 /* not set-id, must be wrapped */
4259 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(validarg);
4260 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(scriptname);
4264 S_find_beginning(pTHX)
4268 register const char *s2;
4269 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4273 /* skip forward in input to the real script? */
4275 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4276 /* Since the Mac OS does not honor #! arguments for us, we do it ourselves */
4278 while (PL_doextract || gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
4279 if ((s = sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0)) == NULL) {
4280 if (!gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract)
4281 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No Perl script found in input\n");
4283 if (PL_doextract) /* require explicit override ? */
4284 if (!OverrideExtract(PL_origfilename))
4285 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "User aborted script\n");
4287 PL_doextract = FALSE;
4289 /* Pater peccavi, file does not have #! */
4290 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
4295 while (PL_doextract) {
4296 if ((s = sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0)) == NULL)
4297 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No Perl script found in input\n");
4300 if (*s == '#' && s[1] == '!' && ((s = instr(s,"perl")) || (s = instr(s2,"PERL")))) {
4301 PerlIO_ungetc(PL_rsfp, '\n'); /* to keep line count right */
4302 PL_doextract = FALSE;
4303 while (*s && !(isSPACE (*s) || *s == '#')) s++;
4305 while (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t') s++;
4307 while (isDIGIT(s2[-1]) || s2[-1] == '-' || s2[-1] == '.'
4308 || s2[-1] == '_') s2--;
4309 if (strnEQ(s2-4,"perl",4))
4310 while ((s = moreswitches(s)))
4313 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4314 /* We are always searching for the #!perl line in MacPerl,
4315 * so if we find it, still keep the line count correct
4316 * by counting lines we already skipped over
4318 for (; maclines > 0 ; maclines--)
4319 PerlIO_ungetc(PL_rsfp, '\n');
4323 /* gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract is false in MPW tool */
4324 } else if (gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
4336 PL_uid = PerlProc_getuid();
4337 PL_euid = PerlProc_geteuid();
4338 PL_gid = PerlProc_getgid();
4339 PL_egid = PerlProc_getegid();
4341 PL_uid |= PL_gid << 16;
4342 PL_euid |= PL_egid << 16;
4344 /* Should not happen: */
4345 CHECK_MALLOC_TAINT(PL_uid && (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid));
4346 PL_tainting |= (PL_uid && (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid));
4349 * Should go by suidscript, not uid!=euid: why disallow
4350 * system("ls") in scripts run from setuid things?
4351 * Or, is this run before we check arguments and set suidscript?
4352 * What about SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW: could we use fdscript then?
4353 * (We never have suidscript, can we be sure to have fdscript?)
4354 * Or must then go by UID checks? See comments in forbid_setid also.
4358 /* This is used very early in the lifetime of the program,
4359 * before even the options are parsed, so PL_tainting has
4360 * not been initialized properly. */
4362 Perl_doing_taint(int argc, char *argv[], char *envp[])
4364 #ifndef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
4365 /* If we have PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS we can't call getuid() et alia
4366 * before we have an interpreter-- and the whole point of this
4367 * function is to be called at such an early stage. If you are on
4368 * a system with PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS but you do have a concept of
4369 * "tainted because running with altered effective ids', you'll
4370 * have to add your own checks somewhere in here. The two most
4371 * known samples of 'implicitness' are Win32 and NetWare, neither
4372 * of which has much of concept of 'uids'. */
4373 int uid = PerlProc_getuid();
4374 int euid = PerlProc_geteuid();
4375 int gid = PerlProc_getgid();
4376 int egid = PerlProc_getegid();
4383 if (uid && (euid != uid || egid != gid))
4385 #endif /* !PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS */
4386 /* This is a really primitive check; environment gets ignored only
4387 * if -T are the first chars together; otherwise one gets
4388 * "Too late" message. */
4389 if ( argc > 1 && argv[1][0] == '-'
4390 && (argv[1][1] == 't' || argv[1][1] == 'T') )
4395 /* Passing the flag as a single char rather than a string is a slight space
4396 optimisation. The only message that isn't /^-.$/ is
4397 "program input from stdin", which is substituted in place of '\0', which
4398 could never be a command line flag. */
4400 S_forbid_setid(pTHX_ const char flag, const int suidscript)
4403 char string[3] = "-x";
4404 const char *message = "program input from stdin";
4411 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
4412 if (PL_euid != PL_uid)
4413 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed while running setuid", message);
4414 if (PL_egid != PL_gid)
4415 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed while running setgid", message);
4416 #endif /* SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW */
4418 * Checks for UID/GID above "wrong": why disallow
4419 * perl -e 'print "Hello\n"'
4420 * from within setuid things?? Simply drop them: replaced by
4421 * fdscript/suidscript and #ifdef IAMSUID checks below.
4423 * This may be too late for command-line switches. Will catch those on
4424 * the #! line, after finding the script name and setting up
4425 * fdscript/suidscript. Note that suidperl does not get around to
4426 * parsing (and checking) the switches on the #! line, but checks that
4427 * the two sets are identical.
4429 * With SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW, could we use fdscript, also or
4430 * instead, or would that be "too late"? (We never have suidscript, can
4431 * we be sure to have fdscript?)
4433 * Catch things with suidscript (in descendant of suidperl), even with
4434 * right UID/GID. Was already checked in suidperl, with #ifdef IAMSUID,
4435 * below; but I am paranoid.
4437 * Also see comments about root running a setuid script, elsewhere.
4439 if (suidscript >= 0)
4440 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed with (suid) fdscript", message);
4442 /* PSz 11 Nov 03 Catch it in suidperl, always! */
4443 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed in suidperl", message);
4444 #endif /* IAMSUID */
4448 Perl_init_debugger(pTHX)
4451 HV * const ostash = PL_curstash;
4453 PL_curstash = PL_debstash;
4454 PL_dbargs = GvAV(gv_AVadd((gv_fetchpvs("DB::args", GV_ADDMULTI,
4456 AvREAL_off(PL_dbargs);
4457 PL_DBgv = gv_fetchpvs("DB::DB", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVGV);
4458 PL_DBline = gv_fetchpvs("DB::dbline", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVAV);
4459 PL_DBsub = gv_HVadd(gv_fetchpvs("DB::sub", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
4460 PL_DBsingle = GvSV((gv_fetchpvs("DB::single", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
4461 sv_setiv(PL_DBsingle, 0);
4462 PL_DBtrace = GvSV((gv_fetchpvs("DB::trace", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
4463 sv_setiv(PL_DBtrace, 0);
4464 PL_DBsignal = GvSV((gv_fetchpvs("DB::signal", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
4465 sv_setiv(PL_DBsignal, 0);
4466 PL_DBassertion = GvSV((gv_fetchpvs("DB::assertion", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
4467 sv_setiv(PL_DBassertion, 0);
4468 PL_curstash = ostash;
4471 #ifndef STRESS_REALLOC
4472 #define REASONABLE(size) (size)
4474 #define REASONABLE(size) (1) /* unreasonable */
4478 Perl_init_stacks(pTHX)
4481 /* start with 128-item stack and 8K cxstack */
4482 PL_curstackinfo = new_stackinfo(REASONABLE(128),
4483 REASONABLE(8192/sizeof(PERL_CONTEXT) - 1));
4484 PL_curstackinfo->si_type = PERLSI_MAIN;
4485 PL_curstack = PL_curstackinfo->si_stack;
4486 PL_mainstack = PL_curstack; /* remember in case we switch stacks */
4488 PL_stack_base = AvARRAY(PL_curstack);
4489 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base;
4490 PL_stack_max = PL_stack_base + AvMAX(PL_curstack);
4492 Newx(PL_tmps_stack,REASONABLE(128),SV*);
4495 PL_tmps_max = REASONABLE(128);
4497 Newx(PL_markstack,REASONABLE(32),I32);
4498 PL_markstack_ptr = PL_markstack;
4499 PL_markstack_max = PL_markstack + REASONABLE(32);
4503 Newx(PL_scopestack,REASONABLE(32),I32);
4504 PL_scopestack_ix = 0;
4505 PL_scopestack_max = REASONABLE(32);
4507 Newx(PL_savestack,REASONABLE(128),ANY);
4508 PL_savestack_ix = 0;
4509 PL_savestack_max = REASONABLE(128);
4518 while (PL_curstackinfo->si_next)
4519 PL_curstackinfo = PL_curstackinfo->si_next;
4520 while (PL_curstackinfo) {
4521 PERL_SI *p = PL_curstackinfo->si_prev;
4522 /* curstackinfo->si_stack got nuked by sv_free_arenas() */
4523 Safefree(PL_curstackinfo->si_cxstack);
4524 Safefree(PL_curstackinfo);
4525 PL_curstackinfo = p;
4527 Safefree(PL_tmps_stack);
4528 Safefree(PL_markstack);
4529 Safefree(PL_scopestack);
4530 Safefree(PL_savestack);
4540 lex_start(PL_linestr);
4542 PL_subname = newSVpvs("main");
4546 S_init_predump_symbols(pTHX)
4552 sv_setpvn(get_sv("\"", TRUE), " ", 1);
4553 PL_stdingv = gv_fetchpvs("STDIN", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVIO);
4554 GvMULTI_on(PL_stdingv);
4555 io = GvIOp(PL_stdingv);
4556 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_RDONLY;
4557 IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stdin();
4558 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvs("stdin", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV);
4560 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc_simple(io);
4562 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvs("STDOUT", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVIO);
4565 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_WRONLY;
4566 IoOFP(io) = IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stdout();
4568 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvs("stdout", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV);
4570 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc_simple(io);
4572 PL_stderrgv = gv_fetchpvs("STDERR", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVIO);
4573 GvMULTI_on(PL_stderrgv);
4574 io = GvIOp(PL_stderrgv);
4575 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_WRONLY;
4576 IoOFP(io) = IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stderr();
4577 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvs("stderr", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV);
4579 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc_simple(io);
4581 PL_statname = newSV(0); /* last filename we did stat on */
4583 Safefree(PL_osname);
4584 PL_osname = savepv(OSNAME);
4588 Perl_init_argv_symbols(pTHX_ register int argc, register char **argv)
4591 argc--,argv++; /* skip name of script */
4592 if (PL_doswitches) {
4593 for (; argc > 0 && **argv == '-'; argc--,argv++) {
4597 if (argv[0][1] == '-' && !argv[0][2]) {
4601 if ((s = strchr(argv[0], '='))) {
4602 const char *const start_name = argv[0] + 1;
4603 sv_setpv(GvSV(gv_fetchpvn_flags(start_name, s - start_name,
4604 TRUE, SVt_PV)), s + 1);
4607 sv_setiv(GvSV(gv_fetchpv(argv[0]+1, GV_ADD, SVt_PV)),1);
4610 if ((PL_argvgv = gv_fetchpvs("ARGV", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVAV))) {
4611 GvMULTI_on(PL_argvgv);
4612 (void)gv_AVadd(PL_argvgv);
4613 av_clear(GvAVn(PL_argvgv));
4614 for (; argc > 0; argc--,argv++) {
4615 SV * const sv = newSVpv(argv[0],0);
4616 av_push(GvAVn(PL_argvgv),sv);
4617 if (!(PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_LOCALE_FLAG) || PL_utf8locale) {
4618 if (PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_ARGV_FLAG)
4621 if (PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_WIDESYSCALLS_FLAG) /* Sarathy? */
4622 (void)sv_utf8_decode(sv);
4628 S_init_postdump_symbols(pTHX_ register int argc, register char **argv, register char **env)
4633 PL_toptarget = newSV(0);
4634 sv_upgrade(PL_toptarget, SVt_PVFM);
4635 sv_setpvn(PL_toptarget, "", 0);
4636 PL_bodytarget = newSV(0);
4637 sv_upgrade(PL_bodytarget, SVt_PVFM);
4638 sv_setpvn(PL_bodytarget, "", 0);
4639 PL_formtarget = PL_bodytarget;
4643 init_argv_symbols(argc,argv);
4645 if ((tmpgv = gv_fetchpvs("0", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV))) {
4646 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4647 /* $0 is not majick on a Mac */
4648 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv),MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
4650 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv),PL_origfilename);
4651 magicname("0", "0", 1);
4654 if ((PL_envgv = gv_fetchpvs("ENV", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVHV))) {
4656 GvMULTI_on(PL_envgv);
4657 hv = GvHVn(PL_envgv);
4658 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_env);
4660 #ifdef USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY
4661 /* Note that if the supplied env parameter is actually a copy
4662 of the global environ then it may now point to free'd memory
4663 if the environment has been modified since. To avoid this
4664 problem we treat env==NULL as meaning 'use the default'
4669 # ifdef USE_ITHREADS
4670 && PL_curinterp == aTHX
4677 char** origenv = environ;
4680 for (; *env; env++) {
4681 if (!(s = strchr(*env,'=')) || s == *env)
4683 #if defined(MSDOS) && !defined(DJGPP)
4688 sv = newSVpv(s+1, 0);
4689 (void)hv_store(hv, *env, s - *env, sv, 0);
4692 if (origenv != environ) {
4693 /* realloc has shifted us */
4694 env = (env - origenv) + environ;
4699 #endif /* USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY */
4700 #endif /* !PERL_MICRO */
4703 if ((tmpgv = gv_fetchpvs("$", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV))) {
4704 SvREADONLY_off(GvSV(tmpgv));
4705 sv_setiv(GvSV(tmpgv), (IV)PerlProc_getpid());
4706 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(tmpgv));
4708 #ifdef THREADS_HAVE_PIDS
4709 PL_ppid = (IV)getppid();
4712 /* touch @F array to prevent spurious warnings 20020415 MJD */
4714 (void) get_av("main::F", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4716 /* touch @- and @+ arrays to prevent spurious warnings 20020415 MJD */
4717 (void) get_av("main::-", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4718 (void) get_av("main::+", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4722 S_init_perllib(pTHX)
4728 s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL5LIB");
4730 * It isn't possible to delete an environment variable with
4731 * PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV set unless unsetenv() is also available, so in that
4732 * case we treat PERL5LIB as undefined if it has a zero-length value.
4734 #if defined(PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV) && ! defined(HAS_UNSETENV)
4735 if (s && *s != '\0')
4739 incpush(s, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE);
4741 incpush(PerlEnv_getenv("PERLLIB"), FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4743 /* Treat PERL5?LIB as a possible search list logical name -- the
4744 * "natural" VMS idiom for a Unix path string. We allow each
4745 * element to be a set of |-separated directories for compatibility.
4749 if (my_trnlnm("PERL5LIB",buf,0))
4750 do { incpush(buf,TRUE,TRUE,TRUE,FALSE); } while (my_trnlnm("PERL5LIB",buf,++idx));
4752 while (my_trnlnm("PERLLIB",buf,idx++)) incpush(buf,FALSE,FALSE,TRUE,FALSE);
4756 /* Use the ~-expanded versions of APPLLIB (undocumented),
4757 ARCHLIB PRIVLIB SITEARCH SITELIB VENDORARCH and VENDORLIB
4760 incpush(APPLLIB_EXP, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4764 incpush(ARCHLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4766 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4769 SV * privdir = newSV(0);
4770 char * macperl = PerlEnv_getenv("MACPERL");
4775 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ privdir, "%slib:", macperl);
4776 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(privdir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 && S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode))
4777 incpush(SvPVX(privdir), TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4778 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ privdir, "%ssite_perl:", macperl);
4779 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(privdir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 && S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode))
4780 incpush(SvPVX(privdir), TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4782 SvREFCNT_dec(privdir);
4785 incpush(":", FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4788 # define PRIVLIB_EXP "/usr/local/lib/perl5:/usr/local/lib/perl"
4791 incpush(PRIVLIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4793 incpush(PRIVLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4797 /* sitearch is always relative to sitelib on Windows for
4798 * DLL-based path intuition to work correctly */
4799 # if !defined(WIN32)
4800 incpush(SITEARCH_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4806 /* this picks up sitearch as well */
4807 incpush(SITELIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4809 incpush(SITELIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4813 #ifdef SITELIB_STEM /* Search for version-specific dirs below here */
4814 incpush(SITELIB_STEM, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4817 #ifdef PERL_VENDORARCH_EXP
4818 /* vendorarch is always relative to vendorlib on Windows for
4819 * DLL-based path intuition to work correctly */
4820 # if !defined(WIN32)
4821 incpush(PERL_VENDORARCH_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4825 #ifdef PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP
4827 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE); /* this picks up vendorarch as well */
4829 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4833 #ifdef PERL_VENDORLIB_STEM /* Search for version-specific dirs below here */
4834 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_STEM, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4837 #ifdef PERL_OTHERLIBDIRS
4838 incpush(PERL_OTHERLIBDIRS, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4842 incpush(".", FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4843 #endif /* MACOS_TRADITIONAL */
4846 #if defined(DOSISH) || defined(EPOC) || defined(__SYMBIAN32__)
4847 # define PERLLIB_SEP ';'
4850 # define PERLLIB_SEP '|'
4852 # if defined(MACOS_TRADITIONAL)
4853 # define PERLLIB_SEP ','
4855 # define PERLLIB_SEP ':'
4859 #ifndef PERLLIB_MANGLE
4860 # define PERLLIB_MANGLE(s,n) (s)
4863 /* Push a directory onto @INC if it exists.
4864 Generate a new SV if we do this, to save needing to copy the SV we push
4867 S_incpush_if_exists(pTHX_ SV *dir)
4871 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX_const(dir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 &&
4872 S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode)) {
4873 av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), dir);
4880 S_incpush(pTHX_ const char *dir, bool addsubdirs, bool addoldvers, bool usesep,
4885 const char *p = dir;
4890 if (addsubdirs || addoldvers) {
4894 /* Break at all separators */
4896 SV *libdir = newSV(0);
4899 /* skip any consecutive separators */
4901 while ( *p == PERLLIB_SEP ) {
4902 /* Uncomment the next line for PATH semantics */
4903 /* av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), newSVpvs(".")); */
4908 if ( usesep && (s = strchr(p, PERLLIB_SEP)) != NULL ) {
4909 sv_setpvn(libdir, PERLLIB_MANGLE(p, (STRLEN)(s - p)),
4914 sv_setpv(libdir, PERLLIB_MANGLE(p, 0));
4915 p = NULL; /* break out */
4917 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4918 if (!strchr(SvPVX(libdir), ':')) {
4921 sv_setpv(libdir, MacPerl_CanonDir(SvPVX(libdir), buf, 0));
4923 if (SvPVX(libdir)[SvCUR(libdir)-1] != ':')
4924 sv_catpvs(libdir, ":");
4927 /* Do the if() outside the #ifdef to avoid warnings about an unused
4930 #ifdef PERL_RELOCATABLE_INC
4932 * Relocatable include entries are marked with a leading .../
4935 * 0: Remove that leading ".../"
4936 * 1: Remove trailing executable name (anything after the last '/')
4937 * from the perl path to give a perl prefix
4939 * While the @INC element starts "../" and the prefix ends with a real
4940 * directory (ie not . or ..) chop that real directory off the prefix
4941 * and the leading "../" from the @INC element. ie a logical "../"
4943 * Finally concatenate the prefix and the remainder of the @INC element
4944 * The intent is that /usr/local/bin/perl and .../../lib/perl5
4945 * generates /usr/local/lib/perl5
4947 const char *libpath = SvPVX(libdir);
4948 STRLEN libpath_len = SvCUR(libdir);
4949 if (libpath_len >= 4 && memEQ (libpath, ".../", 4)) {
4951 SV * const caret_X = get_sv("\030", 0);
4952 /* Going to use the SV just as a scratch buffer holding a C
4958 /* $^X is *the* source of taint if tainting is on, hence
4959 SvPOK() won't be true. */
4961 assert(SvPOKp(caret_X));
4962 prefix_sv = newSVpvn(SvPVX(caret_X), SvCUR(caret_X));
4963 /* Firstly take off the leading .../
4964 If all else fail we'll do the paths relative to the current
4966 sv_chop(libdir, libpath + 4);
4967 /* Don't use SvPV as we're intentionally bypassing taining,
4968 mortal copies that the mg_get of tainting creates, and
4969 corruption that seems to come via the save stack.
4970 I guess that the save stack isn't correctly set up yet. */
4971 libpath = SvPVX(libdir);
4972 libpath_len = SvCUR(libdir);
4974 /* This would work more efficiently with memrchr, but as it's
4975 only a GNU extension we'd need to probe for it and
4976 implement our own. Not hard, but maybe not worth it? */
4978 prefix = SvPVX(prefix_sv);
4979 lastslash = strrchr(prefix, '/');
4981 /* First time in with the *lastslash = '\0' we just wipe off
4982 the trailing /perl from (say) /usr/foo/bin/perl
4986 while ((*lastslash = '\0'), /* Do that, come what may. */
4987 (libpath_len >= 3 && memEQ(libpath, "../", 3)
4988 && (lastslash = strrchr(prefix, '/')))) {
4989 if (lastslash[1] == '\0'
4990 || (lastslash[1] == '.'
4991 && (lastslash[2] == '/' /* ends "/." */
4992 || (lastslash[2] == '/'
4993 && lastslash[3] == '/' /* or "/.." */
4995 /* Prefix ends "/" or "/." or "/..", any of which
4996 are fishy, so don't do any more logical cleanup.
5000 /* Remove leading "../" from path */
5003 /* Next iteration round the loop removes the last
5004 directory name from prefix by writing a '\0' in
5005 the while clause. */
5007 /* prefix has been terminated with a '\0' to the correct
5008 length. libpath points somewhere into the libdir SV.
5009 We need to join the 2 with '/' and drop the result into
5011 tempsv = Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "%s/%s", prefix, libpath);
5012 SvREFCNT_dec(libdir);
5013 /* And this is the new libdir. */
5016 (PL_uid != PL_euid || PL_gid != PL_egid)) {
5017 /* Need to taint reloccated paths if running set ID */
5018 SvTAINTED_on(libdir);
5021 SvREFCNT_dec(prefix_sv);
5026 * BEFORE pushing libdir onto @INC we may first push version- and
5027 * archname-specific sub-directories.
5029 if (addsubdirs || addoldvers) {
5030 #ifdef PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST
5031 /* Configure terminates PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST with a NULL */
5032 const char * const incverlist[] = { PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST };
5033 const char * const *incver;
5039 if ((unix = tounixspec_ts(SvPV(libdir,len),NULL)) != NULL) {
5041 while (unix[len-1] == '/') len--; /* Cosmetic */
5042 sv_usepvn(libdir,unix,len);
5045 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log,
5046 "Failed to unixify @INC element \"%s\"\n",
5050 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
5051 #define PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT ""
5052 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT "%s:"
5053 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_FS_VER_FMT PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT
5055 #define PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT "/"
5056 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT "/%s"
5057 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT PERL_FS_VER_FMT
5059 /* .../version/archname if -d .../version/archname */
5060 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_ARCH_FMT,
5062 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
5063 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION, ARCHNAME);
5064 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
5066 /* .../version if -d .../version */
5067 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH, libdir,
5068 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
5069 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION);
5070 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
5072 /* .../archname if -d .../archname */
5073 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT, libdir, ARCHNAME);
5074 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
5078 #ifdef PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST
5080 for (incver = incverlist; *incver; incver++) {
5081 /* .../xxx if -d .../xxx */
5082 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT, libdir, *incver);
5083 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
5089 /* finally push this lib directory on the end of @INC */
5090 av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), libdir);
5093 assert (SvREFCNT(subdir) == 1);
5094 SvREFCNT_dec(subdir);
5100 Perl_call_list(pTHX_ I32 oldscope, AV *paramList)
5104 const line_t oldline = CopLINE(PL_curcop);
5110 while (av_len(paramList) >= 0) {
5111 cv = (CV*)av_shift(paramList);
5113 if (paramList == PL_beginav) {
5114 /* save PL_beginav for compiler */
5115 if (! PL_beginav_save)
5116 PL_beginav_save = newAV();
5117 av_push(PL_beginav_save, (SV*)cv);
5119 else if (paramList == PL_checkav) {
5120 /* save PL_checkav for compiler */
5121 if (! PL_checkav_save)
5122 PL_checkav_save = newAV();
5123 av_push(PL_checkav_save, (SV*)cv);
5134 PL_madskills |= 16384;
5139 PL_madskills &= ~16384;
5142 (void)SvPV_const(atsv, len);
5143 if (PL_madskills && PL_minus_c && paramList == PL_beginav)
5144 break; /* not really trying to run, so just wing it */
5146 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
5147 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
5148 if (paramList == PL_beginav)
5149 sv_catpvs(atsv, "BEGIN failed--compilation aborted");
5151 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ atsv,
5152 "%s failed--call queue aborted",
5153 paramList == PL_checkav ? "CHECK"
5154 : paramList == PL_initav ? "INIT"
5156 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
5159 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%"SVf"", atsv);
5166 /* my_exit() was called */
5167 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
5170 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
5171 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
5172 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
5174 if (PL_madskills && PL_minus_c && paramList == PL_beginav)
5175 return; /* not really trying to run, so just wing it */
5176 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED)) {
5177 if (paramList == PL_beginav)
5178 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "BEGIN failed--compilation aborted");
5180 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s failed--call queue aborted",
5181 paramList == PL_checkav ? "CHECK"
5182 : paramList == PL_initav ? "INIT"
5189 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
5190 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
5193 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: restartop\n");
5202 S_call_list_body(pTHX_ CV *cv)
5205 PUSHMARK(PL_stack_sp);
5206 call_sv((SV*)cv, G_EVAL|G_DISCARD);
5211 Perl_my_exit(pTHX_ U32 status)
5214 DEBUG_S(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "my_exit: thread %p, status %lu\n",
5215 thr, (unsigned long) status));
5224 STATUS_EXIT_SET(status);
5231 Perl_my_failure_exit(pTHX)
5235 /* We have been called to fall on our sword. The desired exit code
5236 * should be already set in STATUS_UNIX, but could be shifted over
5237 * by 8 bits. STATUS_UNIX_EXIT_SET will handle the cases where a
5240 * If an error code has not been set, then force the issue.
5242 if (MY_POSIX_EXIT) {
5244 /* In POSIX_EXIT mode follow Perl documentations and use 255 for
5245 * the exit code when there isn't an error.
5248 if (STATUS_UNIX == 0)
5249 STATUS_UNIX_EXIT_SET(255);
5251 STATUS_UNIX_EXIT_SET(STATUS_UNIX);
5253 /* The exit code could have been set by $? or vmsish which
5254 * means that it may not be fatal. So convert
5255 * success/warning codes to fatal.
5257 if ((STATUS_NATIVE & (STS$K_SEVERE|STS$K_ERROR)) == 0)
5258 STATUS_UNIX_EXIT_SET(255);
5262 /* Traditionally Perl on VMS always expects a Fatal Error. */
5263 if (vaxc$errno & 1) {
5265 /* So force success status to failure */
5266 if (STATUS_NATIVE & 1)
5271 STATUS_UNIX = EINTR; /* In case something cares */
5276 STATUS_NATIVE = vaxc$errno; /* Should already be this */
5278 /* Encode the severity code */
5279 severity = STATUS_NATIVE & STS$M_SEVERITY;
5280 STATUS_UNIX = (severity ? severity : 1) << 8;
5282 /* Perl expects this to be a fatal error */
5283 if (severity != STS$K_SEVERE)
5292 STATUS_UNIX_SET(errno);
5294 exitstatus = STATUS_UNIX >> 8;
5295 if (exitstatus & 255)
5296 STATUS_UNIX_SET(exitstatus);
5298 STATUS_UNIX_SET(255);
5305 S_my_exit_jump(pTHX)
5310 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
5314 POPSTACK_TO(PL_mainstack);
5322 read_e_script(pTHX_ int idx, SV *buf_sv, int maxlen)
5325 const char * const p = SvPVX_const(PL_e_script);
5326 const char *nl = strchr(p, '\n');
5328 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(idx);
5329 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(maxlen);
5331 nl = (nl) ? nl+1 : SvEND(PL_e_script);
5333 filter_del(read_e_script);
5336 sv_catpvn(buf_sv, p, nl-p);
5337 sv_chop(PL_e_script, nl);
5343 * c-indentation-style: bsd
5345 * indent-tabs-mode: t
5348 * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 noet: