3 * Copyright (C) 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
4 * 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * "A ship then new they built for him/of mithril and of elven glass" --Bilbo
15 /* This file contains the top-level functions that are used to create, use
16 * and destroy a perl interpreter, plus the functions used by XS code to
17 * call back into perl. Note that it does not contain the actual main()
18 * function of the interpreter; that can be found in perlmain.c
23 * Be proud that perl(1) may proclaim:
24 * Setuid Perl scripts are safer than C programs ...
25 * Do not abandon (deprecate) suidperl. Do not advocate C wrappers.
27 * The flow was: perl starts, notices script is suid, execs suidperl with same
28 * arguments; suidperl opens script, checks many things, sets itself with
29 * right UID, execs perl with similar arguments but with script pre-opened on
30 * /dev/fd/xxx; perl checks script is as should be and does work. This was
31 * insecure: see perlsec(1) for many problems with this approach.
33 * The "correct" flow should be: perl starts, opens script and notices it is
34 * suid, checks many things, execs suidperl with similar arguments but with
35 * script on /dev/fd/xxx; suidperl checks script and /dev/fd/xxx object are
36 * same, checks arguments match #! line, sets itself with right UID, execs
37 * perl with same arguments; perl checks many things and does work.
39 * (Opening the script in perl instead of suidperl, we "lose" scripts that
40 * are readable to the target UID but not to the invoker. Where did
41 * unreadable scripts work anyway?)
43 * For now, suidperl and perl are pretty much the same large and cumbersome
44 * program, so suidperl can check its argument list (see comments elsewhere).
47 * Original bug report:
48 * http://bugs.perl.org/index.html?req=bug_id&bug_id=20010322.218
49 * http://rt.perl.org/rt2/Ticket/Display.html?id=6511
50 * Comments and discussion with Debian:
51 * http://bugs.debian.org/203426
52 * http://bugs.debian.org/220486
53 * Debian Security Advisory DSA 431-1 (does not fully fix problem):
54 * http://www.debian.org/security/2004/dsa-431
56 * http://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CAN-2003-0618
57 * Previous versions of this patch sent to perl5-porters:
58 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg71953.html
59 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75245.html
60 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75563.html
61 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75635.html
63 Paul Szabo - psz@maths.usyd.edu.au http://www.maths.usyd.edu.au:8000/u/psz/
64 School of Mathematics and Statistics University of Sydney 2006 Australia
68 * Use truthful, neat, specific error messages.
69 * Cannot always hide the truth; security must not depend on doing so.
73 * Use global(?), thread-local fdscript for easier checks.
74 * (I do not understand how we could possibly get a thread race:
75 * do not all threads go through the same initialization? Or in
76 * fact, are not threads started only after we get the script and
77 * so know what to do? Oh well, make things super-safe...)
81 #define PERL_IN_PERL_C
83 #include "patchlevel.h" /* for local_patches */
87 char *nw_get_sitelib(const char *pl);
90 /* XXX If this causes problems, set i_unistd=undef in the hint file. */
95 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
97 # include <sys/wait.h>
100 # include <sys/uio.h>
105 char control[CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(int))];
122 #if !defined(STANDARD_C) && !defined(HAS_GETENV_PROTOTYPE) && !defined(PERL_MICRO)
123 char *getenv (char *); /* Usually in <stdlib.h> */
126 static I32 read_e_script(pTHX_ int idx, SV *buf_sv, int maxlen);
134 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
141 /* This reference ensures that the mathoms are linked with perl */
142 extern void Perl_mathoms(void);
143 void Perl_mathoms_ref(void);
144 void Perl_mathoms_ref(void) {
150 S_init_tls_and_interp(PerlInterpreter *my_perl)
154 PERL_SET_INTERP(my_perl);
155 #if defined(USE_ITHREADS)
158 PERL_SET_THX(my_perl);
160 MUTEX_INIT(&PL_dollarzero_mutex);
162 #ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
163 MUTEX_INIT(&PL_my_ctx_mutex);
167 PERL_SET_THX(my_perl);
171 #ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
173 perl_alloc_using(struct IPerlMem* ipM, struct IPerlMem* ipMS,
174 struct IPerlMem* ipMP, struct IPerlEnv* ipE,
175 struct IPerlStdIO* ipStd, struct IPerlLIO* ipLIO,
176 struct IPerlDir* ipD, struct IPerlSock* ipS,
177 struct IPerlProc* ipP)
179 PerlInterpreter *my_perl;
180 /* Newx() needs interpreter, so call malloc() instead */
181 my_perl = (PerlInterpreter*)(*ipM->pMalloc)(ipM, sizeof(PerlInterpreter));
182 S_init_tls_and_interp(my_perl);
183 Zero(my_perl, 1, PerlInterpreter);
199 =head1 Embedding Functions
201 =for apidoc perl_alloc
203 Allocates a new Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
211 PerlInterpreter *my_perl;
213 /* Newx() needs interpreter, so call malloc() instead */
214 my_perl = (PerlInterpreter*)PerlMem_malloc(sizeof(PerlInterpreter));
216 S_init_tls_and_interp(my_perl);
217 return (PerlInterpreter *) ZeroD(my_perl, 1, PerlInterpreter);
219 #endif /* PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS */
222 =for apidoc perl_construct
224 Initializes a new Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
230 perl_construct(pTHXx)
233 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(my_perl);
236 PL_perl_destruct_level = 1;
238 if (PL_perl_destruct_level > 0)
241 /* Init the real globals (and main thread)? */
243 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling; /* needed by ckWARN, right away */
245 PL_linestr = NEWSV(65,79);
246 sv_upgrade(PL_linestr,SVt_PVIV);
248 if (!SvREADONLY(&PL_sv_undef)) {
249 /* set read-only and try to insure than we wont see REFCNT==0
252 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_undef);
253 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_undef) = (~(U32)0)/2;
255 sv_setpv(&PL_sv_no,PL_No);
256 /* value lookup in void context - happens to have the side effect
257 of caching the numeric forms. */
260 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_no);
261 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_no) = (~(U32)0)/2;
263 sv_setpv(&PL_sv_yes,PL_Yes);
266 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_yes);
267 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_yes) = (~(U32)0)/2;
269 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_placeholder);
270 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_placeholder) = (~(U32)0)/2;
273 PL_sighandlerp = (Sighandler_t) Perl_sighandler;
274 #ifdef PERL_USES_PL_PIDSTATUS
275 PL_pidstatus = newHV();
279 PL_rs = newSVpvs("\n");
284 PL_lex_state = LEX_NOTPARSING;
290 SET_NUMERIC_STANDARD();
292 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
293 PL_localpatches = local_patches; /* For possible -v */
296 #ifdef HAVE_INTERP_INTERN
300 PerlIO_init(aTHX); /* Hook to IO system */
302 PL_fdpid = newAV(); /* for remembering popen pids by fd */
303 PL_modglobal = newHV(); /* pointers to per-interpreter module globals */
304 PL_errors = newSVpvs("");
305 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(0), "", 0); /* For regex debugging. */
306 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(1), "", 0); /* ext/re needs these */
307 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(2), "", 0); /* even without DEBUGGING. */
309 PL_regex_padav = newAV();
310 av_push(PL_regex_padav,(SV*)newAV()); /* First entry is an array of empty elements */
311 PL_regex_pad = AvARRAY(PL_regex_padav);
313 #ifdef USE_REENTRANT_API
314 Perl_reentrant_init(aTHX);
317 /* Note that strtab is a rather special HV. Assumptions are made
318 about not iterating on it, and not adding tie magic to it.
319 It is properly deallocated in perl_destruct() */
322 HvSHAREKEYS_off(PL_strtab); /* mandatory */
323 hv_ksplit(PL_strtab, 512);
325 #if defined(__DYNAMIC__) && (defined(NeXT) || defined(__NeXT__))
326 _dyld_lookup_and_bind
327 ("__environ", (unsigned long *) &environ_pointer, NULL);
331 # ifdef USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY
332 PL_origenviron = environ;
336 /* Use sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK) if available, if not
337 * available or if the sysconf() fails, use the HZ.
338 * BeOS has those, but returns the wrong value.
339 * The HZ if not originally defined has been by now
340 * been defined as CLK_TCK, if available. */
341 #if defined(HAS_SYSCONF) && defined(_SC_CLK_TCK) && !defined(__BEOS__)
342 PL_clocktick = sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK);
343 if (PL_clocktick <= 0)
347 PL_stashcache = newHV();
349 PL_patchlevel = Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "%d.%d.%d", (int)PERL_REVISION,
350 (int)PERL_VERSION, (int)PERL_SUBVERSION);
353 if (!PL_mmap_page_size) {
354 #if defined(HAS_SYSCONF) && (defined(_SC_PAGESIZE) || defined(_SC_MMAP_PAGE_SIZE))
356 SETERRNO(0, SS_NORMAL);
358 PL_mmap_page_size = sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE);
360 PL_mmap_page_size = sysconf(_SC_MMAP_PAGE_SIZE);
362 if ((long) PL_mmap_page_size < 0) {
364 SV * const error = ERRSV;
365 (void) SvUPGRADE(error, SVt_PV);
366 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: sysconf: %s", SvPV_nolen_const(error));
369 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: sysconf: pagesize unknown");
373 # ifdef HAS_GETPAGESIZE
374 PL_mmap_page_size = getpagesize();
376 # if defined(I_SYS_PARAM) && defined(PAGESIZE)
377 PL_mmap_page_size = PAGESIZE; /* compiletime, bad */
381 if (PL_mmap_page_size <= 0)
382 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: bad pagesize %" IVdf,
383 (IV) PL_mmap_page_size);
385 #endif /* HAS_MMAP */
387 #if defined(HAS_TIMES) && defined(PERL_NEED_TIMESBASE)
388 PL_timesbase.tms_utime = 0;
389 PL_timesbase.tms_stime = 0;
390 PL_timesbase.tms_cutime = 0;
391 PL_timesbase.tms_cstime = 0;
398 =for apidoc nothreadhook
400 Stub that provides thread hook for perl_destruct when there are
407 Perl_nothreadhook(pTHX)
412 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
414 Perl_dump_sv_child(pTHX_ SV *sv)
417 const int sock = PL_dumper_fd;
418 const int debug_fd = PerlIO_fileno(Perl_debug_log);
419 union control_un control;
422 struct cmsghdr *cmptr;
424 unsigned char buffer[256];
426 if(sock == -1 || debug_fd == -1)
429 PerlIO_flush(Perl_debug_log);
431 /* All these shenanigans are to pass a file descriptor over to our child for
432 it to dump out to. We can't let it hold open the file descriptor when it
433 forks, as the file descriptor it will dump to can turn out to be one end
434 of pipe that some other process will wait on for EOF. (So as it would
435 be open, the wait would be forever. */
437 msg.msg_control = control.control;
438 msg.msg_controllen = sizeof(control.control);
439 /* We're a connected socket so we don't need a destination */
445 cmptr = CMSG_FIRSTHDR(&msg);
446 cmptr->cmsg_len = CMSG_LEN(sizeof(int));
447 cmptr->cmsg_level = SOL_SOCKET;
448 cmptr->cmsg_type = SCM_RIGHTS;
449 *((int *)CMSG_DATA(cmptr)) = 1;
451 vec[0].iov_base = (void*)&sv;
452 vec[0].iov_len = sizeof(sv);
453 got = sendmsg(sock, &msg, 0);
456 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent sendmsg failed");
459 if(got < sizeof(sv)) {
460 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent short sendmsg");
464 /* Return protocol is
466 unsigned char: length of location string (0 for empty)
467 unsigned char*: string (not terminated)
469 vec[0].iov_base = (void*)&returned_errno;
470 vec[0].iov_len = sizeof(returned_errno);
471 vec[1].iov_base = buffer;
474 got = readv(sock, vec, 2);
477 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent read failed");
478 PerlIO_flush(PerlIO_stderr());
481 if(got < sizeof(returned_errno) + 1) {
482 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent short read");
483 PerlIO_flush(PerlIO_stderr());
488 got = read(sock, buffer + 1, *buffer);
490 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent read 2 failed");
491 PerlIO_flush(PerlIO_stderr());
496 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent short read 2");
497 PerlIO_flush(PerlIO_stderr());
502 if (returned_errno || *buffer) {
503 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "Debug leaking scalars child failed%s%.*s with errno"
504 " %d: %s", (*buffer ? " at " : ""), (int) *buffer, buffer + 1,
505 returned_errno, strerror(returned_errno));
511 =for apidoc perl_destruct
513 Shuts down a Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
522 volatile int destruct_level; /* 0=none, 1=full, 2=full with checks */
524 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
528 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(my_perl);
530 /* wait for all pseudo-forked children to finish */
531 PERL_WAIT_FOR_CHILDREN;
533 destruct_level = PL_perl_destruct_level;
536 const char * const s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL");
538 const int i = atoi(s);
539 if (destruct_level < i)
545 if (PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_DESTRUCT_END) {
551 if (PL_endav && !PL_minus_c)
552 call_list(PL_scopestack_ix, PL_endav);
558 /* Need to flush since END blocks can produce output */
561 if (CALL_FPTR(PL_threadhook)(aTHX)) {
562 /* Threads hook has vetoed further cleanup */
566 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
567 if (destruct_level != 0) {
568 /* Fork here to create a child. Our child's job is to preserve the
569 state of scalars prior to destruction, so that we can instruct it
570 to dump any scalars that we later find have leaked.
571 There's no subtlety in this code - it assumes POSIX, and it doesn't
575 if(socketpair(AF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, 0, fd)) {
576 perror("Debug leaking scalars socketpair failed");
582 perror("Debug leaking scalars fork failed");
586 /* We are the child */
587 const int sock = fd[1];
588 const int debug_fd = PerlIO_fileno(Perl_debug_log);
591 /* Our success message is an integer 0, and a char 0 */
592 static const char success[sizeof(int) + 1];
596 /* We need to close all other file descriptors otherwise we end up
597 with interesting hangs, where the parent closes its end of a
598 pipe, and sits waiting for (another) child to terminate. Only
599 that child never terminates, because it never gets EOF, because
600 we also have the far end of the pipe open. We even need to
601 close the debugging fd, because sometimes it happens to be one
602 end of a pipe, and a process is waiting on the other end for
603 EOF. Normally it would be closed at some point earlier in
604 destruction, but if we happen to cause the pipe to remain open,
605 EOF never occurs, and we get an infinite hang. Hence all the
606 games to pass in a file descriptor if it's actually needed. */
608 f = sysconf(_SC_OPEN_MAX);
610 where = "sysconf failed";
621 union control_un control;
624 struct cmsghdr *cmptr;
628 msg.msg_control = control.control;
629 msg.msg_controllen = sizeof(control.control);
630 /* We're a connected socket so we don't need a source */
634 msg.msg_iovlen = sizeof(vec)/sizeof(vec[0]);
636 vec[0].iov_base = (void*)⌖
637 vec[0].iov_len = sizeof(target);
639 got = recvmsg(sock, &msg, 0);
644 where = "recv failed";
647 if(got < sizeof(target)) {
648 where = "short recv";
652 if(!(cmptr = CMSG_FIRSTHDR(&msg))) {
656 if(cmptr->cmsg_len != CMSG_LEN(sizeof(int))) {
657 where = "wrong cmsg_len";
660 if(cmptr->cmsg_level != SOL_SOCKET) {
661 where = "wrong cmsg_level";
664 if(cmptr->cmsg_type != SCM_RIGHTS) {
665 where = "wrong cmsg_type";
669 got_fd = *(int*)CMSG_DATA(cmptr);
670 /* For our last little bit of trickery, put the file descriptor
671 back into Perl_debug_log, as if we never actually closed it
673 if(got_fd != debug_fd) {
674 if (dup2(got_fd, debug_fd) == -1) {
681 PerlIO_flush(Perl_debug_log);
683 got = write(sock, &success, sizeof(success));
686 where = "write failed";
689 if(got < sizeof(success)) {
690 where = "short write";
697 int send_errno = errno;
698 unsigned char length = (unsigned char) strlen(where);
699 struct iovec failure[3] = {
700 {(void*)&send_errno, sizeof(send_errno)},
702 {(void*)where, length}
704 int got = writev(sock, failure, 3);
705 /* Bad news travels fast. Faster than data. We'll get a SIGPIPE
706 in the parent if we try to read from the socketpair after the
707 child has exited, even if there was data to read.
708 So sleep a bit to give the parent a fighting chance of
711 _exit((got == -1) ? errno : 0);
715 PL_dumper_fd = fd[0];
720 /* We must account for everything. */
722 /* Destroy the main CV and syntax tree */
723 /* Do this now, because destroying ops can cause new SVs to be generated
724 in Perl_pad_swipe, and when running with -DDEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS they
725 PL_curcop to point to a valid op from which the filename structure
727 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
729 /* ensure comppad/curpad to refer to main's pad */
730 if (CvPADLIST(PL_main_cv)) {
731 PAD_SET_CUR_NOSAVE(CvPADLIST(PL_main_cv), 1);
733 op_free(PL_main_root);
734 PL_main_root = Nullop;
736 PL_main_start = Nullop;
737 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_main_cv);
741 /* Tell PerlIO we are about to tear things apart in case
742 we have layers which are using resources that should
746 PerlIO_destruct(aTHX);
748 if (PL_sv_objcount) {
750 * Try to destruct global references. We do this first so that the
751 * destructors and destructees still exist. Some sv's might remain.
752 * Non-referenced objects are on their own.
756 if (PL_defoutgv && !SvREFCNT(PL_defoutgv))
757 PL_defoutgv = Nullgv; /* may have been freed */
760 /* unhook hooks which will soon be, or use, destroyed data */
761 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_warnhook);
762 PL_warnhook = Nullsv;
763 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_diehook);
766 /* call exit list functions */
767 while (PL_exitlistlen-- > 0)
768 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].fn(aTHX_ PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].ptr);
770 Safefree(PL_exitlist);
775 if (destruct_level == 0){
777 DEBUG_P(debprofdump());
779 #if defined(PERLIO_LAYERS)
780 /* No more IO - including error messages ! */
781 PerlIO_cleanup(aTHX);
784 /* The exit() function will do everything that needs doing. */
788 /* jettison our possibly duplicated environment */
789 /* if PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV is defined environ will not have been copied
790 * so we certainly shouldn't free it here
793 #if defined(USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY) && !defined(PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV)
794 if (environ != PL_origenviron && !PL_use_safe_putenv
796 /* only main thread can free environ[0] contents */
797 && PL_curinterp == aTHX
803 for (i = 0; environ[i]; i++)
804 safesysfree(environ[i]);
806 /* Must use safesysfree() when working with environ. */
807 safesysfree(environ);
809 environ = PL_origenviron;
812 #endif /* !PERL_MICRO */
814 /* reset so print() ends up where we expect */
818 /* the syntax tree is shared between clones
819 * so op_free(PL_main_root) only ReREFCNT_dec's
820 * REGEXPs in the parent interpreter
821 * we need to manually ReREFCNT_dec for the clones
824 I32 i = AvFILLp(PL_regex_padav) + 1;
825 SV * const * const ary = AvARRAY(PL_regex_padav);
828 SV * const resv = ary[--i];
830 if (SvFLAGS(resv) & SVf_BREAK) {
831 /* this is PL_reg_curpm, already freed
832 * flag is set in regexec.c:S_regtry
834 SvFLAGS(resv) &= ~SVf_BREAK;
836 else if(SvREPADTMP(resv)) {
837 SvREPADTMP_off(resv);
839 else if(SvIOKp(resv)) {
840 REGEXP *re = INT2PTR(REGEXP *,SvIVX(resv));
845 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_regex_padav);
846 PL_regex_padav = NULL;
850 SvREFCNT_dec((SV*) PL_stashcache);
851 PL_stashcache = NULL;
853 /* loosen bonds of global variables */
856 (void)PerlIO_close(PL_rsfp);
860 /* Filters for program text */
861 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rsfp_filters);
862 PL_rsfp_filters = NULL;
865 PL_preprocess = FALSE;
871 PL_doswitches = FALSE;
872 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_OFF;
873 PL_doextract = FALSE;
874 PL_sawampersand = FALSE; /* must save all match strings */
877 Safefree(PL_inplace);
879 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_patchlevel);
882 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
883 PL_e_script = Nullsv;
888 /* magical thingies */
890 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ofs_sv); /* $, */
893 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ors_sv); /* $\ */
896 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rs); /* $/ */
899 PL_multiline = 0; /* $* */
900 Safefree(PL_osname); /* $^O */
903 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_statname);
904 PL_statname = Nullsv;
907 /* defgv, aka *_ should be taken care of elsewhere */
909 /* clean up after study() */
910 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_lastscream);
911 PL_lastscream = Nullsv;
912 Safefree(PL_screamfirst);
914 Safefree(PL_screamnext);
918 Safefree(PL_efloatbuf);
919 PL_efloatbuf = Nullch;
922 /* startup and shutdown function lists */
923 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_beginav);
924 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_beginav_save);
925 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_endav);
926 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_checkav);
927 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_checkav_save);
928 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_initav);
930 PL_beginav_save = NULL;
933 PL_checkav_save = NULL;
936 /* shortcuts just get cleared */
942 PL_argvoutgv = Nullgv;
944 PL_stderrgv = Nullgv;
945 PL_last_in_gv = Nullgv;
950 PL_DBsingle = Nullsv;
952 PL_DBsignal = Nullsv;
953 PL_DBassertion = Nullsv;
958 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_argvout_stack);
959 PL_argvout_stack = NULL;
961 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_modglobal);
963 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_preambleav);
964 PL_preambleav = NULL;
965 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_subname);
967 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_linestr);
969 #ifdef PERL_USES_PL_PIDSTATUS
970 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_pidstatus);
973 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_toptarget);
974 PL_toptarget = Nullsv;
975 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_bodytarget);
976 PL_bodytarget = Nullsv;
977 PL_formtarget = Nullsv;
979 /* free locale stuff */
980 #ifdef USE_LOCALE_COLLATE
981 Safefree(PL_collation_name);
982 PL_collation_name = Nullch;
985 #ifdef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC
986 Safefree(PL_numeric_name);
987 PL_numeric_name = Nullch;
988 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_numeric_radix_sv);
989 PL_numeric_radix_sv = Nullsv;
992 /* clear utf8 character classes */
993 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alnum);
994 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alnumc);
995 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_ascii);
996 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alpha);
997 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_space);
998 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_cntrl);
999 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_graph);
1000 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_digit);
1001 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_upper);
1002 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_lower);
1003 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_print);
1004 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_punct);
1005 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_xdigit);
1006 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_mark);
1007 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_toupper);
1008 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_totitle);
1009 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_tolower);
1010 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_tofold);
1011 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_idstart);
1012 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_idcont);
1013 PL_utf8_alnum = Nullsv;
1014 PL_utf8_alnumc = Nullsv;
1015 PL_utf8_ascii = Nullsv;
1016 PL_utf8_alpha = Nullsv;
1017 PL_utf8_space = Nullsv;
1018 PL_utf8_cntrl = Nullsv;
1019 PL_utf8_graph = Nullsv;
1020 PL_utf8_digit = Nullsv;
1021 PL_utf8_upper = Nullsv;
1022 PL_utf8_lower = Nullsv;
1023 PL_utf8_print = Nullsv;
1024 PL_utf8_punct = Nullsv;
1025 PL_utf8_xdigit = Nullsv;
1026 PL_utf8_mark = Nullsv;
1027 PL_utf8_toupper = Nullsv;
1028 PL_utf8_totitle = Nullsv;
1029 PL_utf8_tolower = Nullsv;
1030 PL_utf8_tofold = Nullsv;
1031 PL_utf8_idstart = Nullsv;
1032 PL_utf8_idcont = Nullsv;
1034 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
1035 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
1036 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = Nullsv;
1037 if (!specialCopIO(PL_compiling.cop_io))
1038 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_io);
1039 PL_compiling.cop_io = Nullsv;
1040 CopFILE_free(&PL_compiling);
1041 CopSTASH_free(&PL_compiling);
1043 /* Prepare to destruct main symbol table. */
1048 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_curstname);
1049 PL_curstname = Nullsv;
1051 /* clear queued errors */
1052 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_errors);
1056 if (destruct_level >= 2 && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL)) {
1057 if (PL_scopestack_ix != 0)
1058 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
1059 "Unbalanced scopes: %ld more ENTERs than LEAVEs\n",
1060 (long)PL_scopestack_ix);
1061 if (PL_savestack_ix != 0)
1062 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
1063 "Unbalanced saves: %ld more saves than restores\n",
1064 (long)PL_savestack_ix);
1065 if (PL_tmps_floor != -1)
1066 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Unbalanced tmps: %ld more allocs than frees\n",
1067 (long)PL_tmps_floor + 1);
1068 if (cxstack_ix != -1)
1069 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Unbalanced context: %ld more PUSHes than POPs\n",
1070 (long)cxstack_ix + 1);
1073 /* Now absolutely destruct everything, somehow or other, loops or no. */
1074 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) |= SVTYPEMASK; /* don't clean out pid table now */
1075 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) |= SVTYPEMASK; /* don't clean out strtab now */
1077 /* the 2 is for PL_fdpid and PL_strtab */
1078 while (PL_sv_count > 2 && sv_clean_all())
1081 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) &= ~SVTYPEMASK;
1082 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) |= SVt_PVAV;
1083 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) &= ~SVTYPEMASK;
1084 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) |= SVt_PVHV;
1086 AvREAL_off(PL_fdpid); /* no surviving entries */
1087 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_fdpid); /* needed in io_close() */
1090 #ifdef HAVE_INTERP_INTERN
1094 /* Destruct the global string table. */
1096 /* Yell and reset the HeVAL() slots that are still holding refcounts,
1097 * so that sv_free() won't fail on them.
1098 * Now that the global string table is using a single hunk of memory
1099 * for both HE and HEK, we either need to explicitly unshare it the
1100 * correct way, or actually free things here.
1103 const I32 max = HvMAX(PL_strtab);
1104 HE * const * const array = HvARRAY(PL_strtab);
1105 HE *hent = array[0];
1108 if (hent && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL)) {
1109 HE * const next = HeNEXT(hent);
1110 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
1111 "Unbalanced string table refcount: (%ld) for \"%s\"",
1112 (long)(HeVAL(hent) - Nullsv), HeKEY(hent));
1119 hent = array[riter];
1124 HvARRAY(PL_strtab) = 0;
1125 HvTOTALKEYS(PL_strtab) = 0;
1126 HvFILL(PL_strtab) = 0;
1128 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_strtab);
1131 /* free the pointer tables used for cloning */
1132 ptr_table_free(PL_ptr_table);
1133 PL_ptr_table = (PTR_TBL_t*)NULL;
1136 /* free special SVs */
1138 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_yes) = 0;
1139 sv_clear(&PL_sv_yes);
1140 SvANY(&PL_sv_yes) = NULL;
1141 SvFLAGS(&PL_sv_yes) = 0;
1143 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_no) = 0;
1144 sv_clear(&PL_sv_no);
1145 SvANY(&PL_sv_no) = NULL;
1146 SvFLAGS(&PL_sv_no) = 0;
1150 for (i=0; i<=2; i++) {
1151 SvREFCNT(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = 0;
1152 sv_clear(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i));
1153 SvANY(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = NULL;
1154 SvFLAGS(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = 0;
1158 if (PL_sv_count != 0 && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
1159 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Scalars leaked: %ld\n", (long)PL_sv_count);
1161 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS
1162 if (PL_sv_count != 0) {
1167 for (sva = PL_sv_arenaroot; sva; sva = (SV*)SvANY(sva)) {
1168 svend = &sva[SvREFCNT(sva)];
1169 for (sv = sva + 1; sv < svend; ++sv) {
1170 if (SvTYPE(sv) != SVTYPEMASK) {
1171 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "leaked: sv=0x%p"
1173 " refcnt=%"UVuf pTHX__FORMAT "\n"
1174 "\tallocated at %s:%d %s %s%s\n",
1175 sv, sv->sv_flags, sv->sv_refcnt pTHX__VALUE,
1176 sv->sv_debug_file ? sv->sv_debug_file : "(unknown)",
1178 sv->sv_debug_inpad ? "for" : "by",
1179 sv->sv_debug_optype ?
1180 PL_op_name[sv->sv_debug_optype]: "(none)",
1181 sv->sv_debug_cloned ? " (cloned)" : ""
1183 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
1184 Perl_dump_sv_child(aTHX_ sv);
1190 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
1194 /* Wait for up to 4 seconds for child to terminate.
1195 This seems to be the least effort way of timing out on reaping
1197 struct timeval waitfor = {4, 0};
1198 int sock = PL_dumper_fd;
1202 FD_SET(sock, &rset);
1203 select(sock + 1, &rset, NULL, NULL, &waitfor);
1204 waitpid(child, &status, WNOHANG);
1212 #if defined(PERLIO_LAYERS)
1213 /* No more IO - including error messages ! */
1214 PerlIO_cleanup(aTHX);
1217 /* sv_undef needs to stay immortal until after PerlIO_cleanup
1218 as currently layers use it rather than Nullsv as a marker
1219 for no arg - and will try and SvREFCNT_dec it.
1221 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_undef) = 0;
1222 SvREADONLY_off(&PL_sv_undef);
1224 Safefree(PL_origfilename);
1225 PL_origfilename = Nullch;
1226 Safefree(PL_reg_start_tmp);
1227 PL_reg_start_tmp = (char**)NULL;
1228 PL_reg_start_tmpl = 0;
1229 Safefree(PL_reg_curpm);
1230 Safefree(PL_reg_poscache);
1231 free_tied_hv_pool();
1232 Safefree(PL_op_mask);
1233 Safefree(PL_psig_ptr);
1234 PL_psig_ptr = (SV**)NULL;
1235 Safefree(PL_psig_name);
1236 PL_psig_name = (SV**)NULL;
1237 Safefree(PL_bitcount);
1238 PL_bitcount = Nullch;
1239 Safefree(PL_psig_pend);
1240 PL_psig_pend = (int*)NULL;
1241 PL_formfeed = Nullsv;
1243 PL_tainting = FALSE;
1244 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
1245 PL_hints = 0; /* Reset hints. Should hints be per-interpreter ? */
1248 DEBUG_P(debprofdump());
1250 #ifdef USE_REENTRANT_API
1251 Perl_reentrant_free(aTHX);
1256 /* As the absolutely last thing, free the non-arena SV for mess() */
1259 /* we know that type == SVt_PVMG */
1261 /* it could have accumulated taint magic */
1264 for (mg = SvMAGIC(PL_mess_sv); mg; mg = moremagic) {
1265 moremagic = mg->mg_moremagic;
1266 if (mg->mg_ptr && mg->mg_type != PERL_MAGIC_regex_global
1268 Safefree(mg->mg_ptr);
1272 /* we know that type >= SVt_PV */
1273 SvPV_free(PL_mess_sv);
1274 Safefree(SvANY(PL_mess_sv));
1275 Safefree(PL_mess_sv);
1276 PL_mess_sv = Nullsv;
1282 =for apidoc perl_free
1284 Releases a Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
1292 #if defined(WIN32) || defined(NETWARE)
1293 # if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS)
1295 void *host = nw_internal_host;
1297 void *host = w32_internal_host;
1299 PerlMem_free(aTHXx);
1301 nw_delete_internal_host(host);
1303 win32_delete_internal_host(host);
1306 PerlMem_free(aTHXx);
1309 PerlMem_free(aTHXx);
1313 #if defined(USE_5005THREADS) || defined(USE_ITHREADS)
1314 /* provide destructors to clean up the thread key when libperl is unloaded */
1315 #ifndef WIN32 /* handled during DLL_PROCESS_DETACH in win32/perllib.c */
1317 #if defined(__hpux) && __ux_version > 1020 && !defined(__GNUC__)
1318 #pragma fini "perl_fini"
1322 #if defined(__GNUC__)
1323 __attribute__((destructor))
1333 #endif /* THREADS */
1336 Perl_call_atexit(pTHX_ ATEXIT_t fn, void *ptr)
1339 Renew(PL_exitlist, PL_exitlistlen+1, PerlExitListEntry);
1340 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].fn = fn;
1341 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].ptr = ptr;
1345 #ifdef HAS_PROCSELFEXE
1346 /* This is a function so that we don't hold on to MAXPATHLEN
1347 bytes of stack longer than necessary
1350 S_procself_val(pTHX_ SV *sv, const char *arg0)
1352 char buf[MAXPATHLEN];
1353 int len = readlink(PROCSELFEXE_PATH, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);
1355 /* On Playstation2 Linux V1.0 (kernel 2.2.1) readlink(/proc/self/exe)
1356 includes a spurious NUL which will cause $^X to fail in system
1357 or backticks (this will prevent extensions from being built and
1358 many tests from working). readlink is not meant to add a NUL.
1359 Normal readlink works fine.
1361 if (len > 0 && buf[len-1] == '\0') {
1365 /* FreeBSD's implementation is acknowledged to be imperfect, sometimes
1366 returning the text "unknown" from the readlink rather than the path
1367 to the executable (or returning an error from the readlink). Any valid
1368 path has a '/' in it somewhere, so use that to validate the result.
1369 See http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/query-pr.cgi?pr=35703
1371 if (len > 0 && memchr(buf, '/', len)) {
1372 sv_setpvn(sv,buf,len);
1378 #endif /* HAS_PROCSELFEXE */
1381 S_set_caret_X(pTHX) {
1383 GV* tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("\030",TRUE, SVt_PV); /* $^X */
1385 #ifdef HAS_PROCSELFEXE
1386 S_procself_val(aTHX_ GvSV(tmpgv), PL_origargv[0]);
1389 sv_setpv(GvSVn(tmpgv), os2_execname(aTHX));
1391 sv_setpv(GvSVn(tmpgv),PL_origargv[0]);
1398 =for apidoc perl_parse
1400 Tells a Perl interpreter to parse a Perl script. See L<perlembed>.
1406 perl_parse(pTHXx_ XSINIT_t xsinit, int argc, char **argv, char **env)
1413 PERL_UNUSED_VAR(my_perl);
1415 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
1418 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "suidperl is no longer needed since the kernel can now execute\n\
1419 setuid perl scripts securely.\n");
1420 #endif /* IAMSUID */
1423 #if defined(USE_HASH_SEED) || defined(USE_HASH_SEED_EXPLICIT)
1424 /* [perl #22371] Algorimic Complexity Attack on Perl 5.6.1, 5.8.0
1425 * This MUST be done before any hash stores or fetches take place.
1426 * If you set PL_rehash_seed (and assumedly also PL_rehash_seed_set)
1427 * yourself, it is your responsibility to provide a good random seed!
1428 * You can also define PERL_HASH_SEED in compile time, see hv.h. */
1429 if (!PL_rehash_seed_set)
1430 PL_rehash_seed = get_hash_seed();
1432 const char * const s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_HASH_SEED_DEBUG");
1434 if (s && (atoi(s) == 1))
1435 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "HASH_SEED = %"UVuf"\n", PL_rehash_seed);
1437 #endif /* #if defined(USE_HASH_SEED) || defined(USE_HASH_SEED_EXPLICIT) */
1443 /* Set PL_origalen be the sum of the contiguous argv[]
1444 * elements plus the size of the env in case that it is
1445 * contiguous with the argv[]. This is used in mg.c:Perl_magic_set()
1446 * as the maximum modifiable length of $0. In the worst case
1447 * the area we are able to modify is limited to the size of
1448 * the original argv[0]. (See below for 'contiguous', though.)
1450 const char *s = NULL;
1453 ~(UV)(PTRSIZE == 4 ? 3 : PTRSIZE == 8 ? 7 : PTRSIZE == 16 ? 15 : 0);
1454 /* Do the mask check only if the args seem like aligned. */
1456 (mask < ~(UV)0) && ((PTR2UV(argv[0]) & mask) == PTR2UV(argv[0]));
1458 /* See if all the arguments are contiguous in memory. Note
1459 * that 'contiguous' is a loose term because some platforms
1460 * align the argv[] and the envp[]. If the arguments look
1461 * like non-aligned, assume that they are 'strictly' or
1462 * 'traditionally' contiguous. If the arguments look like
1463 * aligned, we just check that they are within aligned
1464 * PTRSIZE bytes. As long as no system has something bizarre
1465 * like the argv[] interleaved with some other data, we are
1466 * fine. (Did I just evoke Murphy's Law?) --jhi */
1467 if (PL_origargv && PL_origargc >= 1 && (s = PL_origargv[0])) {
1469 for (i = 1; i < PL_origargc; i++) {
1470 if ((PL_origargv[i] == s + 1
1472 || PL_origargv[i] == s + 2
1477 (PL_origargv[i] > s &&
1479 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1489 /* Can we grab env area too to be used as the area for $0? */
1490 if (PL_origenviron) {
1491 if ((PL_origenviron[0] == s + 1
1493 || (PL_origenviron[0] == s + 9 && (s += 8))
1498 (PL_origenviron[0] > s &&
1499 PL_origenviron[0] <=
1500 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1504 s = PL_origenviron[0];
1507 my_setenv("NoNe SuCh", Nullch);
1508 /* Force copy of environment. */
1509 for (i = 1; PL_origenviron[i]; i++) {
1510 if (PL_origenviron[i] == s + 1
1513 (PL_origenviron[i] > s &&
1514 PL_origenviron[i] <=
1515 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1518 s = PL_origenviron[i];
1526 PL_origalen = s - PL_origargv[0] + 1;
1531 /* Come here if running an undumped a.out. */
1533 PL_origfilename = savepv(argv[0]);
1534 PL_do_undump = FALSE;
1535 cxstack_ix = -1; /* start label stack again */
1537 assert (!PL_tainted);
1539 S_set_caret_X(aTHX);
1541 init_postdump_symbols(argc,argv,env);
1546 op_free(PL_main_root);
1547 PL_main_root = Nullop;
1549 PL_main_start = Nullop;
1550 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_main_cv);
1551 PL_main_cv = Nullcv;
1554 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
1555 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_OFF;
1560 parse_body(env,xsinit);
1562 call_list(oldscope, PL_checkav);
1569 /* my_exit() was called */
1570 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
1573 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
1575 call_list(oldscope, PL_checkav);
1579 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: top_env\n");
1588 S_parse_body(pTHX_ char **env, XSINIT_t xsinit)
1591 int argc = PL_origargc;
1592 char **argv = PL_origargv;
1593 const char *scriptname = NULL;
1594 VOL bool dosearch = FALSE;
1595 const char *validarg = "";
1598 const char *cddir = Nullch;
1599 #ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
1600 bool minus_f = FALSE;
1605 sv_setpvn(PL_linestr,"",0);
1606 sv = newSVpvs(""); /* first used for -I flags */
1610 for (argc--,argv++; argc > 0; argc--,argv++) {
1611 if (argv[0][0] != '-' || !argv[0][1])
1615 validarg = " PHOOEY ";
1619 * Can we rely on the kernel to start scripts with argv[1] set to
1620 * contain all #! line switches (the whole line)? (argv[0] is set to
1621 * the interpreter name, argv[2] to the script name; argv[3] and
1622 * above may contain other arguments.)
1629 #ifndef PERL_STRICT_CR
1654 if ((s = moreswitches(s)))
1659 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('t');
1660 if( !PL_tainting ) {
1661 PL_taint_warn = TRUE;
1667 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('T');
1669 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
1677 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1678 /* ignore -e for Dev:Pseudo argument */
1679 if (argv[1] && !strcmp(argv[1], "Dev:Pseudo"))
1684 PL_e_script = newSVpvs("");
1685 filter_add(read_e_script, NULL);
1688 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, s);
1690 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, argv[1]);
1694 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No code specified for -%c", *s);
1695 sv_catpvs(PL_e_script, "\n");
1699 #ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
1705 case 'I': /* -I handled both here and in moreswitches() */
1707 if (!*++s && (s=argv[1]) != Nullch) {
1711 STRLEN len = strlen(s);
1712 const char * const p = savepvn(s, len);
1713 incpush(p, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE, FALSE);
1714 sv_catpvs(sv, "-I");
1715 sv_catpvn(sv, p, len);
1720 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No directory specified for -I");
1724 PL_preprocess = TRUE;
1737 PL_preambleav = newAV();
1738 av_push(PL_preambleav,
1739 newSVpvs("use Config;"));
1743 opts_prog = newSVpvs("print Config::myconfig(),");
1745 sv_catpvs(opts_prog,"\"\\nCharacteristics of this PERLSHR image: \\n\",");
1747 sv_catpvs(opts_prog,"\"\\nCharacteristics of this binary (from libperl): \\n\",");
1749 opts = SvCUR(opts_prog);
1751 Perl_sv_catpv(aTHX_ opts_prog,"\" Compile-time options:"
1755 # ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS
1756 " DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS"
1758 # ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
1759 " DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP"
1761 # ifdef FAKE_THREADS
1764 # ifdef MULTIPLICITY
1773 # ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
1774 " PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV"
1776 # ifdef PERL_GLOBAL_STRUCT
1777 " PERL_GLOBAL_STRUCT"
1779 # ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
1780 " PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT"
1782 # ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
1783 " PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS"
1785 # ifdef PERL_MALLOC_WRAP
1788 # ifdef PERL_NEED_APPCTX
1791 # ifdef PERL_NEED_TIMESBASE
1792 " PERL_NEED_TIMESBASE"
1794 # ifdef PERL_OLD_COPY_ON_WRITE
1795 " PERL_OLD_COPY_ON_WRITE"
1797 # ifdef PERL_TRACK_MEMPOOL
1798 " PERL_TRACK_MEMPOOL"
1800 # ifdef PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV
1801 " PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV"
1803 #ifdef PERL_USES_PL_PIDSTATUS
1804 " PERL_USES_PL_PIDSTATUS"
1806 # ifdef PL_OP_SLAB_ALLOC
1809 # ifdef SPRINTF_RETURNS_STRLEN
1810 " SPRINTF_RETURNS_STRLEN"
1812 # ifdef THREADS_HAVE_PIDS
1813 " THREADS_HAVE_PIDS"
1815 # ifdef USE_5005THREADS
1818 # ifdef USE_64_BIT_ALL
1821 # ifdef USE_64_BIT_INT
1824 # ifdef USE_ITHREADS
1827 # ifdef USE_LARGE_FILES
1830 # ifdef USE_LONG_DOUBLE
1836 # ifdef USE_REENTRANT_API
1837 " USE_REENTRANT_API"
1842 # ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
1843 " USE_SITECUSTOMIZE"
1850 while (SvCUR(opts_prog) > opts+76) {
1851 /* find last space after "options: " and before col 76
1855 char * const pv = SvPV_nolen(opts_prog);
1856 const char c = pv[opts+76];
1858 space = strrchr(pv+opts+26, ' ');
1860 if (!space) break; /* "Can't happen" */
1862 /* break the line before that space */
1865 Perl_sv_insert(aTHX_ opts_prog, opts, 0,
1866 STR_WITH_LEN("\\n "));
1869 sv_catpvs(opts_prog,"\\n\",");
1871 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
1872 if (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT > 0) {
1874 sv_catpvs(opts_prog,
1875 "\" Locally applied patches:\\n\",");
1876 for (i = 1; i <= LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT; i++) {
1877 if (PL_localpatches[i])
1878 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ opts_prog,"q%c\t%s\n%c,",
1879 0, PL_localpatches[i], 0);
1883 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ opts_prog,
1884 "\" Built under %s\\n\"",OSNAME);
1887 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ opts_prog,
1888 ",\" Compiled at %s %s\\n\"",__DATE__,
1891 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ opts_prog,",\" Compiled on %s\\n\"",
1895 sv_catpvs(opts_prog, "; $\"=\"\\n \"; "
1896 "@env = map { \"$_=\\\"$ENV{$_}\\\"\" } "
1897 "sort grep {/^PERL/} keys %ENV; ");
1899 sv_catpvs(opts_prog,
1900 "push @env, \"CYGWIN=\\\"$ENV{CYGWIN}\\\"\";");
1902 sv_catpvs(opts_prog,
1903 "print \" \\%ENV:\\n @env\\n\" if @env;"
1904 "print \" \\@INC:\\n @INC\\n\";");
1908 opts_prog = Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_
1909 "Config::config_vars(qw%c%s%c)",
1913 av_push(PL_preambleav, opts_prog);
1914 /* don't look for script or read stdin */
1915 scriptname = BIT_BUCKET;
1919 PL_doextract = TRUE;
1927 if (!*++s || isSPACE(*s)) {
1931 /* catch use of gnu style long options */
1932 if (strEQ(s, "version")) {
1936 if (strEQ(s, "help")) {
1943 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Unrecognized switch: -%s (-h will show valid options)",s);
1949 #ifndef SECURE_INTERNAL_GETENV
1952 (s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL5OPT")))
1954 const char *popt = s;
1957 if (*s == '-' && *(s+1) == 'T') {
1958 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('T');
1960 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
1963 char *popt_copy = Nullch;
1976 if (!strchr("CDIMUdmtwA", *s))
1977 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Illegal switch in PERL5OPT: -%c", *s);
1981 popt_copy = SvPVX(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(popt,0)));
1982 s = popt_copy + (s - popt);
1983 d = popt_copy + (d - popt);
1990 if( !PL_tainting ) {
1991 PL_taint_warn = TRUE;
2001 #ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
2004 PL_preambleav = newAV();
2005 av_unshift(PL_preambleav, 1);
2006 (void)av_store(PL_preambleav, 0, Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "BEGIN { do '%s/sitecustomize.pl' }", SITELIB_EXP));
2010 if (PL_taint_warn && PL_dowarn != G_WARN_ALL_OFF) {
2011 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = newSVpvn(WARN_TAINTstring, WARNsize);
2015 scriptname = argv[0];
2018 scriptname = BIT_BUCKET; /* don't look for script or read stdin */
2020 else if (scriptname == Nullch) {
2022 if ( PerlLIO_isatty(PerlIO_fileno(PerlIO_stdin())) )
2028 /* Set $^X early so that it can be used for relocatable paths in @INC */
2029 assert (!PL_tainted);
2031 S_set_caret_X(aTHX);
2035 open_script(scriptname,dosearch,sv);
2037 validate_suid(validarg, scriptname);
2040 #if defined(SIGCHLD) || defined(SIGCLD)
2043 # define SIGCHLD SIGCLD
2045 Sighandler_t sigstate = rsignal_state(SIGCHLD);
2046 if (sigstate == (Sighandler_t) SIG_IGN) {
2047 if (ckWARN(WARN_SIGNAL))
2048 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_SIGNAL),
2049 "Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default");
2050 (void)rsignal(SIGCHLD, (Sighandler_t)SIG_DFL);
2056 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2057 if (PL_doextract || gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
2062 if (cddir && PerlDir_chdir( (char *)cddir ) < 0)
2063 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't chdir to %s",cddir);
2067 PL_main_cv = PL_compcv = (CV*)NEWSV(1104,0);
2068 sv_upgrade((SV *)PL_compcv, SVt_PVCV);
2069 CvUNIQUE_on(PL_compcv);
2071 CvPADLIST(PL_compcv) = pad_new(0);
2072 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
2073 CvOWNER(PL_compcv) = 0;
2074 Newx(CvMUTEXP(PL_compcv), 1, perl_mutex);
2075 MUTEX_INIT(CvMUTEXP(PL_compcv));
2076 #endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
2079 boot_core_UNIVERSAL();
2080 boot_core_xsutils();
2083 (*xsinit)(aTHX); /* in case linked C routines want magical variables */
2085 #if defined(VMS) || defined(WIN32) || defined(DJGPP) || defined(__CYGWIN__) || defined(EPOC) || defined(SYMBIAN)
2091 # ifdef HAS_SOCKS5_INIT
2092 socks5_init(argv[0]);
2098 init_predump_symbols();
2099 /* init_postdump_symbols not currently designed to be called */
2100 /* more than once (ENV isn't cleared first, for example) */
2101 /* But running with -u leaves %ENV & @ARGV undefined! XXX */
2103 init_postdump_symbols(argc,argv,env);
2105 /* PL_unicode is turned on by -C, or by $ENV{PERL_UNICODE},
2106 * or explicitly in some platforms.
2107 * locale.c:Perl_init_i18nl10n() if the environment
2108 * look like the user wants to use UTF-8. */
2109 #if defined(__SYMBIAN32__)
2110 PL_unicode = PERL_UNICODE_STD_FLAG; /* See PERL_SYMBIAN_CONSOLE_UTF8. */
2113 /* Requires init_predump_symbols(). */
2114 if (!(PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_LOCALE_FLAG) || PL_utf8locale) {
2119 /* Turn on UTF-8-ness on STDIN, STDOUT, STDERR
2120 * and the default open disciplines. */
2121 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDIN_FLAG) &&
2122 PL_stdingv && (io = GvIO(PL_stdingv)) &&
2124 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
2125 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDOUT_FLAG) &&
2126 PL_defoutgv && (io = GvIO(PL_defoutgv)) &&
2128 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
2129 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDERR_FLAG) &&
2130 PL_stderrgv && (io = GvIO(PL_stderrgv)) &&
2132 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
2133 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_INOUT_FLAG) &&
2134 (sv = GvSV(gv_fetchpv("\017PEN", TRUE, SVt_PV)))) {
2135 U32 in = PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_IN_FLAG;
2136 U32 out = PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_OUT_FLAG;
2139 sv_setpvn(sv, ":utf8\0:utf8", 11);
2141 sv_setpvn(sv, ":utf8\0", 6);
2144 sv_setpvn(sv, "\0:utf8", 6);
2150 if ((s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_SIGNALS"))) {
2151 if (strEQ(s, "unsafe"))
2152 PL_signals |= PERL_SIGNALS_UNSAFE_FLAG;
2153 else if (strEQ(s, "safe"))
2154 PL_signals &= ~PERL_SIGNALS_UNSAFE_FLAG;
2156 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "PERL_SIGNALS illegal: \"%s\"", s);
2161 /* now parse the script */
2163 SETERRNO(0,SS_NORMAL);
2165 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2166 if (gMacPerl_SyntaxError = (yyparse() || PL_error_count)) {
2168 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s had compilation errors.\n", MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
2170 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Execution of %s aborted due to compilation errors.\n",
2171 MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
2175 if (yyparse() || PL_error_count) {
2177 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s had compilation errors.\n", PL_origfilename);
2179 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Execution of %s aborted due to compilation errors.\n",
2184 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, 0);
2185 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2186 PL_preprocess = FALSE;
2188 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
2189 PL_e_script = Nullsv;
2196 SAVECOPFILE(PL_curcop);
2197 SAVECOPLINE(PL_curcop);
2198 gv_check(PL_defstash);
2205 if ((s=PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS")) && atoi(s) >= 2)
2206 dump_mstats("after compilation:");
2215 =for apidoc perl_run
2217 Tells a Perl interpreter to run. See L<perlembed>.
2230 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(my_perl);
2232 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
2240 cxstack_ix = -1; /* start context stack again */
2242 case 0: /* normal completion */
2246 case 2: /* my_exit() */
2247 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
2250 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2251 if (!(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_DESTRUCT_END) &&
2252 PL_endav && !PL_minus_c)
2253 call_list(oldscope, PL_endav);
2255 if (PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS"))
2256 dump_mstats("after execution: ");
2262 POPSTACK_TO(PL_mainstack);
2265 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: restartop\n");
2277 S_run_body(pTHX_ I32 oldscope)
2280 DEBUG_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "%s $` $& $' support.\n",
2281 PL_sawampersand ? "Enabling" : "Omitting"));
2283 if (!PL_restartop) {
2284 DEBUG_x(dump_all());
2287 PERL_DEBUG(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "\nEXECUTING...\n\n"));
2289 DEBUG_S(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "main thread is 0x%"UVxf"\n",
2293 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2294 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "%s%s syntax OK\n",
2295 (gMacPerl_ErrorFormat ? "# " : ""),
2296 MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
2298 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "%s syntax OK\n", PL_origfilename);
2302 if (PERLDB_SINGLE && PL_DBsingle)
2303 sv_setiv(PL_DBsingle, 1);
2305 call_list(oldscope, PL_initav);
2311 PL_op = PL_restartop;
2315 else if (PL_main_start) {
2316 CvDEPTH(PL_main_cv) = 1;
2317 PL_op = PL_main_start;
2325 =head1 SV Manipulation Functions
2327 =for apidoc p||get_sv
2329 Returns the SV of the specified Perl scalar. If C<create> is set and the
2330 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
2331 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
2337 Perl_get_sv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
2340 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
2341 if (name[1] == '\0' && !isALPHA(name[0])) {
2342 PADOFFSET tmp = find_threadsv(name);
2343 if (tmp != NOT_IN_PAD)
2344 return THREADSV(tmp);
2346 #endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
2347 gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PV);
2354 =head1 Array Manipulation Functions
2356 =for apidoc p||get_av
2358 Returns the AV of the specified Perl array. If C<create> is set and the
2359 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
2360 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
2366 Perl_get_av(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
2368 GV* const gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVAV);
2377 =head1 Hash Manipulation Functions
2379 =for apidoc p||get_hv
2381 Returns the HV of the specified Perl hash. If C<create> is set and the
2382 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
2383 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
2389 Perl_get_hv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
2391 GV* const gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVHV);
2400 =head1 CV Manipulation Functions
2402 =for apidoc p||get_cv
2404 Returns the CV of the specified Perl subroutine. If C<create> is set and
2405 the Perl subroutine does not exist then it will be declared (which has the
2406 same effect as saying C<sub name;>). If C<create> is not set and the
2407 subroutine does not exist then NULL is returned.
2413 Perl_get_cv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
2415 GV* const gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVCV);
2416 /* XXX unsafe for threads if eval_owner isn't held */
2417 /* XXX this is probably not what they think they're getting.
2418 * It has the same effect as "sub name;", i.e. just a forward
2420 if (create && !GvCVu(gv))
2421 return newSUB(start_subparse(FALSE, 0),
2422 newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSVpv(name,0)),
2430 /* Be sure to refetch the stack pointer after calling these routines. */
2434 =head1 Callback Functions
2436 =for apidoc p||call_argv
2438 Performs a callback to the specified Perl sub. See L<perlcall>.
2444 Perl_call_argv(pTHX_ const char *sub_name, I32 flags, register char **argv)
2446 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2447 /* null terminated arg list */
2455 XPUSHs(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(*argv,0)));
2460 return call_pv(sub_name, flags);
2464 =for apidoc p||call_pv
2466 Performs a callback to the specified Perl sub. See L<perlcall>.
2472 Perl_call_pv(pTHX_ const char *sub_name, I32 flags)
2473 /* name of the subroutine */
2474 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2476 return call_sv((SV*)get_cv(sub_name, TRUE), flags);
2480 =for apidoc p||call_method
2482 Performs a callback to the specified Perl method. The blessed object must
2483 be on the stack. See L<perlcall>.
2489 Perl_call_method(pTHX_ const char *methname, I32 flags)
2490 /* name of the subroutine */
2491 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2493 return call_sv(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(methname,0)), flags | G_METHOD);
2496 /* May be called with any of a CV, a GV, or an SV containing the name. */
2498 =for apidoc p||call_sv
2500 Performs a callback to the Perl sub whose name is in the SV. See
2507 Perl_call_sv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
2508 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2511 LOGOP myop; /* fake syntax tree node */
2514 volatile I32 retval = 0;
2516 bool oldcatch = CATCH_GET;
2518 OP* const oldop = PL_op;
2521 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2526 Zero(&myop, 1, LOGOP);
2527 myop.op_next = Nullop;
2528 if (!(flags & G_NOARGS))
2529 myop.op_flags |= OPf_STACKED;
2530 myop.op_flags |= ((flags & G_VOID) ? OPf_WANT_VOID :
2531 (flags & G_ARRAY) ? OPf_WANT_LIST :
2536 EXTEND(PL_stack_sp, 1);
2537 *++PL_stack_sp = sv;
2539 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
2541 if (PERLDB_SUB && PL_curstash != PL_debstash
2542 /* Handle first BEGIN of -d. */
2543 && (PL_DBcv || (PL_DBcv = GvCV(PL_DBsub)))
2544 /* Try harder, since this may have been a sighandler, thus
2545 * curstash may be meaningless. */
2546 && (SvTYPE(sv) != SVt_PVCV || CvSTASH((CV*)sv) != PL_debstash)
2547 && !(flags & G_NODEBUG))
2548 PL_op->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_DB;
2550 if (flags & G_METHOD) {
2551 Zero(&method_op, 1, UNOP);
2552 method_op.op_next = PL_op;
2553 method_op.op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_METHOD];
2554 myop.op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_ENTERSUB];
2555 PL_op = (OP*)&method_op;
2558 if (!(flags & G_EVAL)) {
2560 call_body((OP*)&myop, FALSE);
2561 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2562 CATCH_SET(oldcatch);
2565 myop.op_other = (OP*)&myop;
2567 /* we're trying to emulate pp_entertry() here */
2569 register PERL_CONTEXT *cx;
2570 const I32 gimme = GIMME_V;
2575 PUSHBLOCK(cx, (CXt_EVAL|CXp_TRYBLOCK), PL_stack_sp);
2577 PL_eval_root = PL_op; /* Only needed so that goto works right. */
2579 PL_in_eval = EVAL_INEVAL;
2580 if (flags & G_KEEPERR)
2581 PL_in_eval |= EVAL_KEEPERR;
2583 sv_setpvn(ERRSV,"",0);
2591 call_body((OP*)&myop, FALSE);
2592 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2593 if (!(flags & G_KEEPERR))
2594 sv_setpvn(ERRSV,"",0);
2600 /* my_exit() was called */
2601 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2604 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED))
2605 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Callback called exit");
2610 PL_op = PL_restartop;
2614 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2615 if (flags & G_ARRAY)
2619 *++PL_stack_sp = &PL_sv_undef;
2624 if (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope) {
2628 register PERL_CONTEXT *cx;
2635 PERL_UNUSED_VAR(newsp);
2636 PERL_UNUSED_VAR(gimme);
2637 PERL_UNUSED_VAR(optype);
2642 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2643 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2653 S_call_body(pTHX_ const OP *myop, bool is_eval)
2656 if (PL_op == myop) {
2658 PL_op = Perl_pp_entereval(aTHX); /* this doesn't do a POPMARK */
2660 PL_op = Perl_pp_entersub(aTHX); /* this does */
2666 /* Eval a string. The G_EVAL flag is always assumed. */
2669 =for apidoc p||eval_sv
2671 Tells Perl to C<eval> the string in the SV.
2677 Perl_eval_sv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
2679 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2683 UNOP myop; /* fake syntax tree node */
2684 volatile I32 oldmark = SP - PL_stack_base;
2685 volatile I32 retval = 0;
2687 OP* const oldop = PL_op;
2690 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2697 Zero(PL_op, 1, UNOP);
2698 EXTEND(PL_stack_sp, 1);
2699 *++PL_stack_sp = sv;
2701 if (!(flags & G_NOARGS))
2702 myop.op_flags = OPf_STACKED;
2703 myop.op_next = Nullop;
2704 myop.op_type = OP_ENTEREVAL;
2705 myop.op_flags |= ((flags & G_VOID) ? OPf_WANT_VOID :
2706 (flags & G_ARRAY) ? OPf_WANT_LIST :
2708 if (flags & G_KEEPERR)
2709 myop.op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL;
2711 /* fail now; otherwise we could fail after the JMPENV_PUSH but
2712 * before a PUSHEVAL, which corrupts the stack after a croak */
2713 TAINT_PROPER("eval_sv()");
2719 call_body((OP*)&myop,TRUE);
2720 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2721 if (!(flags & G_KEEPERR))
2722 sv_setpvn(ERRSV,"",0);
2728 /* my_exit() was called */
2729 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2732 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED))
2733 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Callback called exit");
2738 PL_op = PL_restartop;
2742 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2743 if (flags & G_ARRAY)
2747 *++PL_stack_sp = &PL_sv_undef;
2753 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2754 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2764 =for apidoc p||eval_pv
2766 Tells Perl to C<eval> the given string and return an SV* result.
2772 Perl_eval_pv(pTHX_ const char *p, I32 croak_on_error)
2776 SV* sv = newSVpv(p, 0);
2778 eval_sv(sv, G_SCALAR);
2785 if (croak_on_error && SvTRUE(ERRSV)) {
2786 Perl_croak(aTHX_ SvPVx_nolen_const(ERRSV));
2792 /* Require a module. */
2795 =head1 Embedding Functions
2797 =for apidoc p||require_pv
2799 Tells Perl to C<require> the file named by the string argument. It is
2800 analogous to the Perl code C<eval "require '$file'">. It's even
2801 implemented that way; consider using load_module instead.
2806 Perl_require_pv(pTHX_ const char *pv)
2811 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_REQUIRE);
2813 sv = Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "require q%c%s%c", 0, pv, 0);
2814 eval_sv(sv_2mortal(sv), G_DISCARD);
2820 Perl_magicname(pTHX_ const char *sym, const char *name, I32 namlen)
2822 register GV * const gv = gv_fetchpv(sym,TRUE, SVt_PV);
2825 sv_magic(GvSV(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, namlen);
2829 S_usage(pTHX_ const char *name) /* XXX move this out into a module ? */
2831 /* This message really ought to be max 23 lines.
2832 * Removed -h because the user already knows that option. Others? */
2834 static const char * const usage_msg[] = {
2835 "-0[octal] specify record separator (\\0, if no argument)",
2836 "-A[mod][=pattern] activate all/given assertions",
2837 "-a autosplit mode with -n or -p (splits $_ into @F)",
2838 "-C[number/list] enables the listed Unicode features",
2839 "-c check syntax only (runs BEGIN and CHECK blocks)",
2840 "-d[:debugger] run program under debugger",
2841 "-D[number/list] set debugging flags (argument is a bit mask or alphabets)",
2842 "-e program one line of program (several -e's allowed, omit programfile)",
2843 "-E program like -e, but enables all optional features",
2844 "-f don't do $sitelib/sitecustomize.pl at startup",
2845 "-F/pattern/ split() pattern for -a switch (//'s are optional)",
2846 "-i[extension] edit <> files in place (makes backup if extension supplied)",
2847 "-Idirectory specify @INC/#include directory (several -I's allowed)",
2848 "-l[octal] enable line ending processing, specifies line terminator",
2849 "-[mM][-]module execute \"use/no module...\" before executing program",
2850 "-n assume \"while (<>) { ... }\" loop around program",
2851 "-p assume loop like -n but print line also, like sed",
2852 "-P run program through C preprocessor before compilation",
2853 "-s enable rudimentary parsing for switches after programfile",
2854 "-S look for programfile using PATH environment variable",
2855 "-t enable tainting warnings",
2856 "-T enable tainting checks",
2857 "-u dump core after parsing program",
2858 "-U allow unsafe operations",
2859 "-v print version, subversion (includes VERY IMPORTANT perl info)",
2860 "-V[:variable] print configuration summary (or a single Config.pm variable)",
2861 "-w enable many useful warnings (RECOMMENDED)",
2862 "-W enable all warnings",
2863 "-x[directory] strip off text before #!perl line and perhaps cd to directory",
2864 "-X disable all warnings",
2868 const char * const *p = usage_msg;
2870 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2871 "\nUsage: %s [switches] [--] [programfile] [arguments]",
2874 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(), "\n %s", *p++);
2877 /* convert a string of -D options (or digits) into an int.
2878 * sets *s to point to the char after the options */
2882 Perl_get_debug_opts(pTHX_ const char **s, bool givehelp)
2884 static const char * const usage_msgd[] = {
2885 " Debugging flag values: (see also -d)",
2886 " p Tokenizing and parsing (with v, displays parse stack)",
2887 " s Stack snapshots (with v, displays all stacks)",
2888 " l Context (loop) stack processing",
2889 " t Trace execution",
2890 " o Method and overloading resolution",
2891 " c String/numeric conversions",
2892 " P Print profiling info, preprocessor command for -P, source file input state",
2893 " m Memory allocation",
2894 " f Format processing",
2895 " r Regular expression parsing and execution",
2896 " x Syntax tree dump",
2897 " u Tainting checks",
2898 " H Hash dump -- usurps values()",
2899 " X Scratchpad allocation",
2901 " S Thread synchronization",
2903 " R Include reference counts of dumped variables (eg when using -Ds)",
2904 " J Do not s,t,P-debug (Jump over) opcodes within package DB",
2905 " v Verbose: use in conjunction with other flags",
2907 " A Consistency checks on internal structures",
2908 " q quiet - currently only suppresses the 'EXECUTING' message",
2913 /* if adding extra options, remember to update DEBUG_MASK */
2914 static const char debopts[] = "psltocPmfrxu HXDSTRJvCAq";
2916 for (; isALNUM(**s); (*s)++) {
2917 const char * const d = strchr(debopts,**s);
2919 i |= 1 << (d - debopts);
2920 else if (ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
2921 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
2922 "invalid option -D%c, use -D'' to see choices\n", **s);
2925 else if (isDIGIT(**s)) {
2927 for (; isALNUM(**s); (*s)++) ;
2929 else if (givehelp) {
2930 const char *const *p = usage_msgd;
2931 while (*p) PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(), "%s\n", *p++);
2934 if ((i & DEBUG_p_FLAG) && ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
2935 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
2936 "-Dp not implemented on this platform\n");
2942 /* This routine handles any switches that can be given during run */
2945 Perl_moreswitches(pTHX_ char *s)
2956 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rs);
2957 if (s[1] == 'x' && s[2]) {
2958 const char *e = s+=2;
2964 flags = PERL_SCAN_SILENT_ILLDIGIT;
2965 rschar = (U32)grok_hex(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
2966 if (s + numlen < e) {
2967 rschar = 0; /* Grandfather -0xFOO as -0 -xFOO. */
2971 PL_rs = newSVpvs("");
2972 SvGROW(PL_rs, (STRLEN)(UNISKIP(rschar) + 1));
2973 tmps = (U8*)SvPVX(PL_rs);
2974 uvchr_to_utf8(tmps, rschar);
2975 SvCUR_set(PL_rs, UNISKIP(rschar));
2980 rschar = (U32)grok_oct(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
2981 if (rschar & ~((U8)~0))
2982 PL_rs = &PL_sv_undef;
2983 else if (!rschar && numlen >= 2)
2984 PL_rs = newSVpvs("");
2986 char ch = (char)rschar;
2987 PL_rs = newSVpvn(&ch, 1);
2990 sv_setsv(get_sv("/", TRUE), PL_rs);
2995 PL_unicode = parse_unicode_opts( (const char **)&s );
3000 while (*s && !isSPACE(*s)) ++s;
3002 PL_splitstr = savepv(PL_splitstr);
3016 /* -dt indicates to the debugger that threads will be used */
3017 if (*s == 't' && !isALNUM(s[1])) {
3019 my_setenv("PERL5DB_THREADED", "1");
3022 /* The following permits -d:Mod to accepts arguments following an =
3023 in the fashion that -MSome::Mod does. */
3024 if (*s == ':' || *s == '=') {
3026 SV * const sv = newSVpvs("use Devel::");
3028 /* We now allow -d:Module=Foo,Bar */
3029 while(isALNUM(*s) || *s==':') ++s;
3031 sv_catpv(sv, start);
3033 sv_catpvn(sv, start, s-start);
3034 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ sv, " split(/,/,q%c%s%c)", 0, ++s, 0);
3037 my_setenv("PERL5DB", SvPV_nolen_const(sv));
3040 PL_perldb = PERLDB_ALL;
3049 PL_debug = get_debug_opts( (const char **)&s, 1) | DEBUG_TOP_FLAG;
3050 #else /* !DEBUGGING */
3051 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
3052 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
3053 "Recompile perl with -DDEBUGGING to use -D switch (did you mean -d ?)\n");
3054 for (s++; isALNUM(*s); s++) ;
3059 usage(PL_origargv[0]);
3062 Safefree(PL_inplace);
3063 #if defined(__CYGWIN__) /* do backup extension automagically */
3064 if (*(s+1) == '\0') {
3065 PL_inplace = savepvs(".bak");
3068 #endif /* __CYGWIN__ */
3069 PL_inplace = savepv(s+1);
3070 for (s = PL_inplace; *s && !isSPACE(*s); s++)
3074 if (*s == '-') /* Additional switches on #! line. */
3078 case 'I': /* -I handled both here and in parse_body() */
3081 while (*s && isSPACE(*s))
3086 /* ignore trailing spaces (possibly followed by other switches) */
3088 for (e = p; *e && !isSPACE(*e); e++) ;
3092 } while (*p && *p != '-');
3093 e = savepvn(s, e-s);
3094 incpush(e, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE, FALSE);
3101 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No directory specified for -I");
3107 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ors_sv);
3113 PL_ors_sv = newSVpvs("\n");
3114 numlen = 3 + (*s == '0');
3115 *SvPVX(PL_ors_sv) = (char)grok_oct(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
3119 if (RsPARA(PL_rs)) {
3120 PL_ors_sv = newSVpvs("\n\n");
3123 PL_ors_sv = newSVsv(PL_rs);
3130 PL_preambleav = newAV();
3133 char * const start = s;
3134 SV * const sv = newSVpvs("use assertions::activate");
3135 while(isALNUM(*s) || *s == ':') ++s;
3137 sv_catpvs(sv, "::");
3138 sv_catpvn(sv, start, s-start);
3141 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ sv, " split(/,/,q%c%s%c)", 0, ++s, 0);
3144 else if (*s != '\0') {
3145 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use '%c' after -A%.*s", *s, (int)(s-start), start);
3147 av_push(PL_preambleav, sv);
3151 forbid_setid("-M"); /* XXX ? */
3154 forbid_setid("-m"); /* XXX ? */
3158 const char *use = "use ";
3159 /* -M-foo == 'no foo' */
3160 /* Leading space on " no " is deliberate, to make both
3161 possibilities the same length. */
3162 if (*s == '-') { use = " no "; ++s; }
3163 sv = newSVpvn(use,4);
3165 /* We allow -M'Module qw(Foo Bar)' */
3166 while(isALNUM(*s) || *s==':') ++s;
3168 sv_catpv(sv, start);
3169 if (*(start-1) == 'm') {
3171 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use '%c' after -mname", *s);
3172 sv_catpvs( sv, " ()");
3176 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Module name required with -%c option",
3178 sv_catpvn(sv, start, s-start);
3179 sv_catpvs(sv, " split(/,/,q");
3180 sv_catpvs(sv, "\0"); /* Use NUL as q//-delimiter. */
3182 sv_catpvs(sv, "\0)");
3186 PL_preambleav = newAV();
3187 av_push(PL_preambleav, sv);
3190 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Missing argument to -%c", *(s-1));
3202 PL_doswitches = TRUE;
3216 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3217 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Believe me, you don't want to use \"-u\" on a Macintosh");
3219 PL_do_undump = TRUE;
3227 if (!sv_derived_from(PL_patchlevel, "version"))
3228 upg_version(PL_patchlevel);
3230 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3231 Perl_form(aTHX_ "\nThis is perl, %"SVf
3232 #ifdef PERL_PATCHNUM
3233 " DEVEL" STRINGIFY(PERL_PATCHNUM)
3236 vstringify(PL_patchlevel),
3239 /* Adjust verbose output as in the perl that ships with the DG/UX OS from EMC */
3240 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3241 Perl_form(aTHX_ "\nThis is perl, %"SVf"\n",
3242 vstringify(PL_patchlevel)));
3243 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3244 Perl_form(aTHX_ " built under %s at %s %s\n",
3245 OSNAME, __DATE__, __TIME__));
3246 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3247 Perl_form(aTHX_ " OS Specific Release: %s\n",
3251 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
3252 if (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT > 0)
3253 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3254 "\n(with %d registered patch%s, "
3255 "see perl -V for more detail)",
3256 (int)LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT,
3257 (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT!=1) ? "es" : "");
3260 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3261 "\n\nCopyright 1987-2006, Larry Wall\n");
3262 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3263 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3264 "\nMac OS port Copyright 1991-2002, Matthias Neeracher;\n"
3265 "maintained by Chris Nandor\n");
3268 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3269 "\nMS-DOS port Copyright (c) 1989, 1990, Diomidis Spinellis\n");
3272 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3273 "djgpp v2 port (jpl5003c) by Hirofumi Watanabe, 1996\n"
3274 "djgpp v2 port (perl5004+) by Laszlo Molnar, 1997-1999\n");
3277 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3278 "\n\nOS/2 port Copyright (c) 1990, 1991, Raymond Chen, Kai Uwe Rommel\n"
3279 "Version 5 port Copyright (c) 1994-2002, Andreas Kaiser, Ilya Zakharevich\n");
3282 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3283 "atariST series port, ++jrb bammi@cadence.com\n");
3286 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3287 "BeOS port Copyright Tom Spindler, 1997-1999\n");
3290 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3291 "MPE/iX port Copyright by Mark Klein and Mark Bixby, 1996-2003\n");
3294 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3295 "MVS (OS390) port by Mortice Kern Systems, 1997-1999\n");
3298 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3299 "Stratus VOS port by Paul.Green@stratus.com, 1997-2002\n");
3302 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3303 "VM/ESA port by Neale Ferguson, 1998-1999\n");
3306 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3307 "BS2000 (POSIX) port by Start Amadeus GmbH, 1998-1999\n");
3310 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3311 "MiNT port by Guido Flohr, 1997-1999\n");
3314 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3315 "EPOC port by Olaf Flebbe, 1999-2002\n");
3318 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),"WINCE port by Rainer Keuchel, 2001-2002\n");
3319 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),"Built on " __DATE__ " " __TIME__ "\n\n");
3322 #ifdef __SYMBIAN32__
3323 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3324 "Symbian port by Nokia, 2004-2005\n");
3326 #ifdef BINARY_BUILD_NOTICE
3327 BINARY_BUILD_NOTICE;
3329 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3331 Perl may be copied only under the terms of either the Artistic License or the\n\
3332 GNU General Public License, which may be found in the Perl 5 source kit.\n\n\
3333 Complete documentation for Perl, including FAQ lists, should be found on\n\
3334 this system using \"man perl\" or \"perldoc perl\". If you have access to the\n\
3335 Internet, point your browser at http://www.perl.org/, the Perl Home Page.\n\n");
3338 if (! (PL_dowarn & G_WARN_ALL_MASK))
3339 PL_dowarn |= G_WARN_ON;
3343 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_ALL_ON|G_WARN_ON;
3344 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
3345 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
3346 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = pWARN_ALL ;
3350 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_ALL_OFF;
3351 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
3352 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
3353 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = pWARN_NONE ;
3358 if (s[1] == '-') /* Additional switches on #! line. */
3363 #if defined(WIN32) || !defined(PERL_STRICT_CR)
3369 #ifdef ALTERNATE_SHEBANG
3370 case 'S': /* OS/2 needs -S on "extproc" line. */
3378 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't emulate -%.1s on #! line",s);
3383 /* compliments of Tom Christiansen */
3385 /* unexec() can be found in the Gnu emacs distribution */
3386 /* Known to work with -DUNEXEC and using unexelf.c from GNU emacs-20.2 */
3389 Perl_my_unexec(pTHX)
3397 prog = newSVpv(BIN_EXP, 0);
3398 sv_catpvs(prog, "/perl");
3399 file = newSVpv(PL_origfilename, 0);
3400 sv_catpvs(file, ".perldump");
3402 unexec(SvPVX(file), SvPVX(prog), &etext, sbrk(0), 0);
3403 /* unexec prints msg to stderr in case of failure */
3404 PerlProc_exit(status);
3407 # include <lib$routines.h>
3408 lib$signal(SS$_DEBUG); /* ssdef.h #included from vmsish.h */
3410 ABORT(); /* for use with undump */
3415 /* initialize curinterp */
3421 # define PERLVAR(var,type)
3422 # define PERLVARA(var,n,type)
3423 # if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
3424 # if defined(USE_5005THREADS)
3425 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
3426 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
3427 # else /* !USE_5005THREADS */
3428 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) aTHX->var = init;
3429 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) aTHX->var = init;
3430 # endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
3432 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
3433 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
3435 # include "intrpvar.h"
3436 # ifndef USE_5005THREADS
3437 # include "thrdvar.h"
3444 # define PERLVAR(var,type)
3445 # define PERLVARA(var,n,type)
3446 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PL_##var = init;
3447 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PL_##var = init;
3448 # include "intrpvar.h"
3449 # ifndef USE_5005THREADS
3450 # include "thrdvar.h"
3461 S_init_main_stash(pTHX)
3466 PL_curstash = PL_defstash = newHV();
3467 /* We know that the string "main" will be in the global shared string
3468 table, so it's a small saving to use it rather than allocate another
3470 PL_curstname = newSVpvs_share("main");
3471 gv = gv_fetchpv("main::",TRUE, SVt_PVHV);
3472 /* If we hadn't caused another reference to "main" to be in the shared
3473 string table above, then it would be worth reordering these two,
3474 because otherwise all we do is delete "main" from it as a consequence
3475 of the SvREFCNT_dec, only to add it again with hv_name_set */
3476 SvREFCNT_dec(GvHV(gv));
3477 hv_name_set(PL_defstash, "main", 4, 0);
3478 GvHV(gv) = (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(PL_defstash);
3480 PL_incgv = gv_HVadd(gv_AVadd(gv_fetchpv("INC",TRUE, SVt_PVAV)));
3481 SvREFCNT_inc(PL_incgv); /* Don't allow it to be freed */
3482 GvMULTI_on(PL_incgv);
3483 PL_hintgv = gv_fetchpv("\010",TRUE, SVt_PV); /* ^H */
3484 GvMULTI_on(PL_hintgv);
3485 PL_defgv = gv_fetchpv("_",TRUE, SVt_PVAV);
3486 SvREFCNT_inc(PL_defgv);
3487 PL_errgv = gv_HVadd(gv_fetchpv("@", TRUE, SVt_PV));
3488 SvREFCNT_inc(PL_errgv);
3489 GvMULTI_on(PL_errgv);
3490 PL_replgv = gv_fetchpv("\022", TRUE, SVt_PV); /* ^R */
3491 GvMULTI_on(PL_replgv);
3492 (void)Perl_form(aTHX_ "%240s",""); /* Preallocate temp - for immediate signals. */
3493 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
3496 sv_grow(ERRSV, 240); /* Preallocate - for immediate signals. */
3497 sv_setpvn(ERRSV, "", 0);
3498 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
3499 CopSTASH_set(&PL_compiling, PL_defstash);
3500 PL_debstash = GvHV(gv_fetchpv("DB::", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
3501 PL_globalstash = GvHV(gv_fetchpv("CORE::GLOBAL::", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
3502 /* We must init $/ before switches are processed. */
3503 sv_setpvn(get_sv("/", TRUE), "\n", 1);
3506 /* PSz 18 Nov 03 fdscript now global but do not change prototype */
3508 S_open_script(pTHX_ const char *scriptname, bool dosearch, SV *sv)
3513 const char *cpp_discard_flag;
3522 PL_origfilename = savepvs("-e");
3525 /* if find_script() returns, it returns a malloc()-ed value */
3526 scriptname = PL_origfilename = find_script(scriptname, dosearch, NULL, 1);
3528 if (strnEQ(scriptname, "/dev/fd/", 8) && isDIGIT(scriptname[8]) ) {
3529 const char *s = scriptname + 8;
3530 PL_fdscript = atoi(s);
3535 * Tell apart "normal" usage of fdscript, e.g.
3536 * with bash on FreeBSD:
3537 * perl <( echo '#!perl -DA'; echo 'print "$0\n"')
3538 * from usage in suidperl.
3539 * Does any "normal" usage leave garbage after the number???
3540 * Is it a mistake to use a similar /dev/fd/ construct for
3545 * Be supersafe and do some sanity-checks.
3546 * Still, can we be sure we got the right thing?
3549 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Wrong syntax (suid) fd script name \"%s\"\n", s);
3552 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Missing (suid) fd script name\n");
3554 scriptname = savepv(s + 1);
3555 Safefree(PL_origfilename);
3556 PL_origfilename = (char *)scriptname;
3561 CopFILE_free(PL_curcop);
3562 CopFILE_set(PL_curcop, PL_origfilename);
3563 if (*PL_origfilename == '-' && PL_origfilename[1] == '\0')
3564 scriptname = (char *)"";
3565 if (PL_fdscript >= 0) {
3566 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_fdopen(PL_fdscript,PERL_SCRIPT_MODE);
3567 # if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3569 /* ensure close-on-exec */
3570 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,1);
3575 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "sperl needs fd script\n"
3576 "You should not call sperl directly; do you need to "
3577 "change a #! line\nfrom sperl to perl?\n");
3580 * Do not open (or do other fancy stuff) while setuid.
3581 * Perl does the open, and hands script to suidperl on a fd;
3582 * suidperl only does some checks, sets up UIDs and re-execs
3583 * perl with that fd as it has always done.
3586 if (PL_suidscript != 1) {
3587 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "suidperl needs (suid) fd script\n");
3590 else if (PL_preprocess) {
3591 const char * const cpp_cfg = CPPSTDIN;
3592 SV * const cpp = newSVpvs("");
3593 SV * const cmd = NEWSV(0,0);
3595 if (cpp_cfg[0] == 0) /* PERL_MICRO? */
3596 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't run with cpp -P with CPPSTDIN undefined");
3597 if (strEQ(cpp_cfg, "cppstdin"))
3598 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ cpp, "%s/", BIN_EXP);
3599 sv_catpv(cpp, cpp_cfg);
3602 sv_catpvs(sv, "-I");
3603 sv_catpv(sv,PRIVLIB_EXP);
3606 DEBUG_P(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3607 "PL_preprocess: scriptname=\"%s\", cpp=\"%s\", sv=\"%s\", CPPMINUS=\"%s\"\n",
3608 scriptname, SvPVX_const (cpp), SvPVX_const (sv),
3611 # if defined(MSDOS) || defined(WIN32) || defined(VMS)
3618 cpp_discard_flag = "";
3620 cpp_discard_flag = "-C";
3624 perl = os2_execname(aTHX);
3626 perl = PL_origargv[0];
3630 /* This strips off Perl comments which might interfere with
3631 the C pre-processor, including #!. #line directives are
3632 deliberately stripped to avoid confusion with Perl's version
3633 of #line. FWP played some golf with it so it will fit
3634 into VMS's 255 character buffer.
3637 code = "(1../^#!.*perl/i)|/^\\s*#(?!\\s*((ifn?|un)def|(el|end)?if|define|include|else|error|pragma)\\b)/||!($|=1)||print";
3639 code = "/^\\s*#(?!\\s*((ifn?|un)def|(el|end)?if|define|include|else|error|pragma)\\b)/||!($|=1)||print";
3641 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ cmd, "\
3642 %s -ne%s%s%s %s | %"SVf" %s %"SVf" %s",
3643 perl, quote, code, quote, scriptname, cpp,
3644 cpp_discard_flag, sv, CPPMINUS);
3646 PL_doextract = FALSE;
3648 DEBUG_P(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3649 "PL_preprocess: cmd=\"%s\"\n",
3652 PL_rsfp = PerlProc_popen((char *)SvPVX_const(cmd), (char *)"r");
3656 else if (!*scriptname) {
3657 forbid_setid("program input from stdin");
3658 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_stdin();
3661 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_open(scriptname,PERL_SCRIPT_MODE);
3662 # if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3664 /* ensure close-on-exec */
3665 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,1);
3668 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3670 /* PSz 16 Sep 03 Keep neat error message */
3672 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't open "BIT_BUCKET": %s\n", Strerror(errno));
3674 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't open perl script \"%s\": %s\n",
3675 CopFILE(PL_curcop), Strerror(errno));
3680 * I_SYSSTATVFS HAS_FSTATVFS
3682 * I_STATFS HAS_FSTATFS HAS_GETFSSTAT
3683 * I_MNTENT HAS_GETMNTENT HAS_HASMNTOPT
3684 * here so that metaconfig picks them up. */
3688 S_fd_on_nosuid_fs(pTHX_ int fd)
3691 * We used to do this as "plain" user (after swapping UIDs with setreuid);
3692 * but is needed also on machines without setreuid.
3693 * Seems safe enough to run as root.
3695 int check_okay = 0; /* able to do all the required sys/libcalls */
3696 int on_nosuid = 0; /* the fd is on a nosuid fs */
3698 * Need to check noexec also: nosuid might not be set, the average
3699 * sysadmin would say that nosuid is irrelevant once he sets noexec.
3701 int on_noexec = 0; /* the fd is on a noexec fs */
3704 * Preferred order: fstatvfs(), fstatfs(), ustat()+getmnt(), getmntent().
3705 * fstatvfs() is UNIX98.
3706 * fstatfs() is 4.3 BSD.
3707 * ustat()+getmnt() is pre-4.3 BSD.
3708 * getmntent() is O(number-of-mounted-filesystems) and can hang on
3709 * an irrelevant filesystem while trying to reach the right one.
3712 #undef FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY /* found the syscalls to do the check? */
3714 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3715 defined(HAS_FSTATVFS)
3716 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3717 struct statvfs stfs;
3719 check_okay = fstatvfs(fd, &stfs) == 0;
3720 on_nosuid = check_okay && (stfs.f_flag & ST_NOSUID);
3722 /* ST_NOEXEC certainly absent on AIX 5.1, and doesn't seem to be documented
3723 on platforms where it is present. */
3724 on_noexec = check_okay && (stfs.f_flag & ST_NOEXEC);
3726 # endif /* fstatvfs */
3728 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3729 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID) && \
3730 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC) && \
3731 defined(HAS_FSTATFS) && \
3732 defined(HAS_STRUCT_STATFS) && \
3733 defined(HAS_STRUCT_STATFS_F_FLAGS)
3734 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3737 check_okay = fstatfs(fd, &stfs) == 0;
3738 on_nosuid = check_okay && (stfs.f_flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID);
3739 on_noexec = check_okay && (stfs.f_flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC);
3740 # endif /* fstatfs */
3742 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3743 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID) && \
3744 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC) && \
3745 defined(HAS_FSTAT) && \
3746 defined(HAS_USTAT) && \
3747 defined(HAS_GETMNT) && \
3748 defined(HAS_STRUCT_FS_DATA) && \
3750 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3753 if (fstat(fd, &fdst) == 0) {
3755 if (ustat(fdst.st_dev, &us) == 0) {
3757 /* NOSTAT_ONE here because we're not examining fields which
3758 * vary between that case and STAT_ONE. */
3759 if (getmnt((int*)0, &fsd, (int)0, NOSTAT_ONE, us.f_fname) == 0) {
3760 size_t cmplen = sizeof(us.f_fname);
3761 if (sizeof(fsd.fd_req.path) < cmplen)
3762 cmplen = sizeof(fsd.fd_req.path);
3763 if (strnEQ(fsd.fd_req.path, us.f_fname, cmplen) &&
3764 fdst.st_dev == fsd.fd_req.dev) {
3766 on_nosuid = fsd.fd_req.flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID;
3767 on_noexec = fsd.fd_req.flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC;
3772 # endif /* fstat+ustat+getmnt */
3774 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3775 defined(HAS_GETMNTENT) && \
3776 defined(HAS_HASMNTOPT) && \
3777 defined(MNTOPT_NOSUID) && \
3778 defined(MNTOPT_NOEXEC)
3779 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3780 FILE *mtab = fopen("/etc/mtab", "r");
3781 struct mntent *entry;
3784 if (mtab && (fstat(fd, &stb) == 0)) {
3785 while (entry = getmntent(mtab)) {
3786 if (stat(entry->mnt_dir, &fsb) == 0
3787 && fsb.st_dev == stb.st_dev)
3789 /* found the filesystem */
3791 if (hasmntopt(entry, MNTOPT_NOSUID))
3793 if (hasmntopt(entry, MNTOPT_NOEXEC))
3796 } /* A single fs may well fail its stat(). */
3801 # endif /* getmntent+hasmntopt */
3804 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't check filesystem of script \"%s\" for nosuid/noexec", PL_origfilename);
3806 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script \"%s\" on nosuid filesystem", PL_origfilename);
3808 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script \"%s\" on noexec filesystem", PL_origfilename);
3809 return ((!check_okay) || on_nosuid || on_noexec);
3811 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3814 S_validate_suid(pTHX_ const char *validarg, const char *scriptname)
3819 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3821 /* do we need to emulate setuid on scripts? */
3823 /* This code is for those BSD systems that have setuid #! scripts disabled
3824 * in the kernel because of a security problem. Merely defining DOSUID
3825 * in perl will not fix that problem, but if you have disabled setuid
3826 * scripts in the kernel, this will attempt to emulate setuid and setgid
3827 * on scripts that have those now-otherwise-useless bits set. The setuid
3828 * root version must be called suidperl or sperlN.NNN. If regular perl
3829 * discovers that it has opened a setuid script, it calls suidperl with
3830 * the same argv that it had. If suidperl finds that the script it has
3831 * just opened is NOT setuid root, it sets the effective uid back to the
3832 * uid. We don't just make perl setuid root because that loses the
3833 * effective uid we had before invoking perl, if it was different from the
3836 * Description/comments above do not match current workings:
3837 * suidperl must be hardlinked to sperlN.NNN (that is what we exec);
3838 * suidperl called with script open and name changed to /dev/fd/N/X;
3839 * suidperl croaks if script is not setuid;
3840 * making perl setuid would be a huge security risk (and yes, that
3841 * would lose any euid we might have had).
3843 * DOSUID must be defined in both perl and suidperl, and IAMSUID must
3844 * be defined in suidperl only. suidperl must be setuid root. The
3845 * Configure script will set this up for you if you want it.
3851 if (PerlLIO_fstat(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),&PL_statbuf) < 0) /* normal stat is insecure */
3852 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't stat script \"%s\"",PL_origfilename);
3853 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & (S_ISUID|S_ISGID)) {
3855 const char *linestr;
3859 if (PL_fdscript < 0 || PL_suidscript != 1)
3860 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Need (suid) fdscript in suidperl\n"); /* We already checked this */
3862 * Since the script is opened by perl, not suidperl, some of these
3863 * checks are superfluous. Leaving them in probably does not lower
3867 * Do checks even for systems with no HAS_SETREUID.
3868 * We used to swap, then re-swap UIDs with
3870 if (setreuid(PL_euid,PL_uid) < 0
3871 || PerlProc_getuid() != PL_euid || PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_uid)
3872 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't swap uid and euid");
3875 if (setreuid(PL_uid,PL_euid) < 0
3876 || PerlProc_getuid() != PL_uid || PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_euid)
3877 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't reswap uid and euid");
3881 /* On this access check to make sure the directories are readable,
3882 * there is actually a small window that the user could use to make
3883 * filename point to an accessible directory. So there is a faint
3884 * chance that someone could execute a setuid script down in a
3885 * non-accessible directory. I don't know what to do about that.
3886 * But I don't think it's too important. The manual lies when
3887 * it says access() is useful in setuid programs.
3889 * So, access() is pretty useless... but not harmful... do anyway.
3891 if (PerlLIO_access(CopFILE(PL_curcop),1)) { /*double check*/
3892 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't access() script\n");
3895 /* If we can swap euid and uid, then we can determine access rights
3896 * with a simple stat of the file, and then compare device and
3897 * inode to make sure we did stat() on the same file we opened.
3898 * Then we just have to make sure he or she can execute it.
3901 * As the script is opened by perl, not suidperl, we do not need to
3902 * care much about access rights.
3904 * The 'script changed' check is needed, or we can get lied to
3905 * about $0 with e.g.
3906 * suidperl /dev/fd/4//bin/x 4<setuidscript
3907 * Without HAS_SETREUID, is it safe to stat() as root?
3909 * Are there any operating systems that pass /dev/fd/xxx for setuid
3910 * scripts, as suggested/described in perlsec(1)? Surely they do not
3911 * pass the script name as we do, so the "script changed" test would
3912 * fail for them... but we never get here with
3913 * SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW defined.
3915 * This is one place where we must "lie" about return status: not
3916 * say if the stat() failed. We are doing this as root, and could
3917 * be tricked into reporting existence or not of files that the
3918 * "plain" user cannot even see.
3922 if (PerlLIO_stat(CopFILE(PL_curcop),&tmpstatbuf) < 0 ||
3923 tmpstatbuf.st_dev != PL_statbuf.st_dev ||
3924 tmpstatbuf.st_ino != PL_statbuf.st_ino) {
3925 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script changed\n");
3929 if (!cando(S_IXUSR,FALSE,&PL_statbuf)) /* can real uid exec? */
3930 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Real UID cannot exec script\n");
3933 * We used to do this check as the "plain" user (after swapping
3934 * UIDs). But the check for nosuid and noexec filesystem is needed,
3935 * and should be done even without HAS_SETREUID. (Maybe those
3936 * operating systems do not have such mount options anyway...)
3937 * Seems safe enough to do as root.
3939 #if !defined(NO_NOSUID_CHECK)
3940 if (fd_on_nosuid_fs(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp))) {
3941 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script on nosuid or noexec filesystem\n");
3944 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3946 if (!S_ISREG(PL_statbuf.st_mode)) {
3947 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script not plain file\n");
3949 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_IWOTH)
3950 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid/gid script is writable by world");
3951 PL_doswitches = FALSE; /* -s is insecure in suid */
3952 /* PSz 13 Nov 03 But -s was caught elsewhere ... so unsetting it here is useless(?!) */
3953 CopLINE_inc(PL_curcop);
3954 linestr = SvPV_nolen_const(PL_linestr);
3955 if (sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0) == Nullch ||
3956 strnNE(linestr,"#!",2) ) /* required even on Sys V */
3957 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No #! line");
3961 /* Sanity check on line length */
3962 s_end = s + strlen(s);
3963 if (s_end == s || (s_end - s) > 4000)
3964 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Very long #! line");
3965 /* Allow more than a single space after #! */
3966 while (isSPACE(*s)) s++;
3967 /* Sanity check on buffer end */
3968 while ((*s) && !isSPACE(*s)) s++;
3969 for (s2 = s; (s2 > linestr &&
3970 (isDIGIT(s2[-1]) || s2[-1] == '.' || s2[-1] == '_'
3971 || s2[-1] == '-')); s2--) ;
3972 /* Sanity check on buffer start */
3973 if ( (s2-4 < linestr || strnNE(s2-4,"perl",4)) &&
3974 (s-9 < linestr || strnNE(s-9,"perl",4)) )
3975 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Not a perl script");
3976 while (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t') s++;
3978 * #! arg must be what we saw above. They can invoke it by
3979 * mentioning suidperl explicitly, but they may not add any strange
3980 * arguments beyond what #! says if they do invoke suidperl that way.
3983 * The way validarg was set up, we rely on the kernel to start
3984 * scripts with argv[1] set to contain all #! line switches (the
3988 * Check that we got all the arguments listed in the #! line (not
3989 * just that there are no extraneous arguments). Might not matter
3990 * much, as switches from #! line seem to be acted upon (also), and
3991 * so may be checked and trapped in perl. But, security checks must
3992 * be done in suidperl and not deferred to perl. Note that suidperl
3993 * does not get around to parsing (and checking) the switches on
3994 * the #! line (but execs perl sooner).
3995 * Allow (require) a trailing newline (which may be of two
3996 * characters on some architectures?) (but no other trailing
3999 len = strlen(validarg);
4000 if (strEQ(validarg," PHOOEY ") ||
4001 strnNE(s,validarg,len) || !isSPACE(s[len]) ||
4002 !((s_end - s) == len+1
4003 || ((s_end - s) == len+2 && isSPACE(s[len+1]))))
4004 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Args must match #! line");
4007 if (PL_fdscript < 0 &&
4008 PL_euid != PL_uid && (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID) &&
4009 PL_euid == PL_statbuf.st_uid)
4011 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "YOU HAVEN'T DISABLED SET-ID SCRIPTS IN THE KERNEL YET!\n\
4012 FIX YOUR KERNEL, OR PUT A C WRAPPER AROUND THIS SCRIPT!\n");
4013 #endif /* IAMSUID */
4015 if (PL_fdscript < 0 &&
4016 PL_euid) { /* oops, we're not the setuid root perl */
4018 * When root runs a setuid script, we do not go through the same
4019 * steps of execing sperl and then perl with fd scripts, but
4020 * simply set up UIDs within the same perl invocation; so do
4021 * not have the same checks (on options, whatever) that we have
4022 * for plain users. No problem really: would have to be a script
4023 * that does not actually work for plain users; and if root is
4024 * foolish and can be persuaded to run such an unsafe script, he
4025 * might run also non-setuid ones, and deserves what he gets.
4027 * Or, we might drop the PL_euid check above (and rely just on
4028 * PL_fdscript to avoid loops), and do the execs
4034 * Pass fd script to suidperl.
4035 * Exec suidperl, substituting fd script for scriptname.
4036 * Pass script name as "subdir" of fd, which perl will grok;
4037 * in fact will use that to distinguish this from "normal"
4038 * usage, see comments above.
4040 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
4041 PerlLIO_lseek(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),(Off_t)0,0); /* just in case rewind didn't */
4042 /* PSz 27 Feb 04 Sanity checks on scriptname */
4043 if ((!scriptname) || (!*scriptname) ) {
4044 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No setuid script name\n");
4046 if (*scriptname == '-') {
4047 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script name may not begin with dash\n");
4048 /* Or we might confuse it with an option when replacing
4049 * name in argument list, below (though we do pointer, not
4050 * string, comparisons).
4053 for (which = 1; PL_origargv[which] && PL_origargv[which] != scriptname; which++) ;
4054 if (!PL_origargv[which]) {
4055 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't change argv to have fd script\n");
4057 PL_origargv[which] = savepv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "/dev/fd/%d/%s",
4058 PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp), PL_origargv[which]));
4059 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
4060 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,0); /* ensure no close-on-exec */
4063 PerlProc_execv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s/sperl"PERL_FS_VER_FMT, BIN_EXP,
4064 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
4065 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION), PL_origargv);
4067 #endif /* IAMSUID */
4068 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setuid (cannot exec sperl)\n");
4071 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISGID && PL_statbuf.st_gid != PL_egid) {
4073 * This seems back to front: we try HAS_SETEGID first; if not available
4074 * then try HAS_SETREGID; as a last chance we try HAS_SETRESGID. May be OK
4075 * in the sense that we only want to set EGID; but are there any machines
4076 * with either of the latter, but not the former? Same with UID, later.
4079 (void)setegid(PL_statbuf.st_gid);
4082 (void)setregid((Gid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_gid);
4084 #ifdef HAS_SETRESGID
4085 (void)setresgid((Gid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_gid,(Gid_t)-1);
4087 PerlProc_setgid(PL_statbuf.st_gid);
4091 if (PerlProc_getegid() != PL_statbuf.st_gid)
4092 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setegid!\n");
4094 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID) {
4095 if (PL_statbuf.st_uid != PL_euid)
4097 (void)seteuid(PL_statbuf.st_uid); /* all that for this */
4100 (void)setreuid((Uid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_uid);
4102 #ifdef HAS_SETRESUID
4103 (void)setresuid((Uid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_uid,(Uid_t)-1);
4105 PerlProc_setuid(PL_statbuf.st_uid);
4109 if (PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_statbuf.st_uid)
4110 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do seteuid!\n");
4112 else if (PL_uid) { /* oops, mustn't run as root */
4114 (void)seteuid((Uid_t)PL_uid);
4117 (void)setreuid((Uid_t)-1,(Uid_t)PL_uid);
4119 #ifdef HAS_SETRESUID
4120 (void)setresuid((Uid_t)-1,(Uid_t)PL_uid,(Uid_t)-1);
4122 PerlProc_setuid((Uid_t)PL_uid);
4126 if (PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_uid)
4127 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do seteuid!\n");
4130 if (!cando(S_IXUSR,TRUE,&PL_statbuf))
4131 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Effective UID cannot exec script\n"); /* they can't do this */
4134 else if (PL_preprocess) /* PSz 13 Nov 03 Caught elsewhere, useless(?!) here */
4135 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "-P not allowed for setuid/setgid script\n");
4136 else if (PL_fdscript < 0 || PL_suidscript != 1)
4137 /* PSz 13 Nov 03 Caught elsewhere, useless(?!) here */
4138 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "(suid) fdscript needed in suidperl\n");
4140 /* PSz 16 Sep 03 Keep neat error message */
4141 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Script is not setuid/setgid in suidperl\n");
4144 /* We absolutely must clear out any saved ids here, so we */
4145 /* exec the real perl, substituting fd script for scriptname. */
4146 /* (We pass script name as "subdir" of fd, which perl will grok.) */
4148 * It might be thought that using setresgid and/or setresuid (changed to
4149 * set the saved IDs) above might obviate the need to exec, and we could
4150 * go on to "do the perl thing".
4152 * Is there such a thing as "saved GID", and is that set for setuid (but
4153 * not setgid) execution like suidperl? Without exec, it would not be
4154 * cleared for setuid (but not setgid) scripts (or might need a dummy
4157 * We need suidperl to do the exact same argument checking that perl
4158 * does. Thus it cannot be very small; while it could be significantly
4159 * smaller, it is safer (simpler?) to make it essentially the same
4160 * binary as perl (but they are not identical). - Maybe could defer that
4161 * check to the invoked perl, and suidperl be a tiny wrapper instead;
4162 * but prefer to do thorough checks in suidperl itself. Such deferral
4163 * would make suidperl security rely on perl, a design no-no.
4165 * Setuid things should be short and simple, thus easy to understand and
4166 * verify. They should do their "own thing", without influence by
4167 * attackers. It may help if their internal execution flow is fixed,
4168 * regardless of platform: it may be best to exec anyway.
4170 * Suidperl should at least be conceptually simple: a wrapper only,
4171 * never to do any real perl. Maybe we should put
4173 * Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Suidperl should never do real perl\n");
4175 * into the perly bits.
4177 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
4178 PerlLIO_lseek(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),(Off_t)0,0); /* just in case rewind didn't */
4180 * Keep original arguments: suidperl already has fd script.
4182 /* for (which = 1; PL_origargv[which] && PL_origargv[which] != scriptname; which++) ; */
4183 /* if (!PL_origargv[which]) { */
4184 /* errno = EPERM; */
4185 /* Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Permission denied\n"); */
4187 /* PL_origargv[which] = savepv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "/dev/fd/%d/%s", */
4188 /* PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp), PL_origargv[which])); */
4189 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
4190 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,0); /* ensure no close-on-exec */
4193 PerlProc_execv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s/perl"PERL_FS_VER_FMT, BIN_EXP,
4194 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
4195 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION), PL_origargv);/* try again */
4197 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setuid (suidperl cannot exec perl)\n");
4198 #endif /* IAMSUID */
4200 if (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid) { /* (suidperl doesn't exist, in fact) */
4201 #ifndef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
4202 PerlLIO_fstat(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),&PL_statbuf); /* may be either wrapped or real suid */
4203 if ((PL_euid != PL_uid && PL_euid == PL_statbuf.st_uid && PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID)
4205 (PL_egid != PL_gid && PL_egid == PL_statbuf.st_gid && PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISGID)
4208 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "YOU HAVEN'T DISABLED SET-ID SCRIPTS IN THE KERNEL YET!\n\
4209 FIX YOUR KERNEL, PUT A C WRAPPER AROUND THIS SCRIPT, OR USE -u AND UNDUMP!\n");
4210 #endif /* SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW */
4211 /* not set-id, must be wrapped */
4219 S_find_beginning(pTHX)
4223 register const char *s2;
4224 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4228 /* skip forward in input to the real script? */
4231 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4232 /* Since the Mac OS does not honor #! arguments for us, we do it ourselves */
4234 while (PL_doextract || gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
4235 if ((s = sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0)) == Nullch) {
4236 if (!gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract)
4237 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No Perl script found in input\n");
4239 if (PL_doextract) /* require explicit override ? */
4240 if (!OverrideExtract(PL_origfilename))
4241 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "User aborted script\n");
4243 PL_doextract = FALSE;
4245 /* Pater peccavi, file does not have #! */
4246 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
4251 while (PL_doextract) {
4252 if ((s = sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0)) == Nullch)
4253 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No Perl script found in input\n");
4256 if (*s == '#' && s[1] == '!' && ((s = instr(s,"perl")) || (s = instr(s2,"PERL")))) {
4257 PerlIO_ungetc(PL_rsfp, '\n'); /* to keep line count right */
4258 PL_doextract = FALSE;
4259 while (*s && !(isSPACE (*s) || *s == '#')) s++;
4261 while (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t') s++;
4263 while (isDIGIT(s2[-1]) || s2[-1] == '-' || s2[-1] == '.'
4264 || s2[-1] == '_') s2--;
4265 if (strnEQ(s2-4,"perl",4))
4266 while ((s = moreswitches(s)))
4269 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4270 /* We are always searching for the #!perl line in MacPerl,
4271 * so if we find it, still keep the line count correct
4272 * by counting lines we already skipped over
4274 for (; maclines > 0 ; maclines--)
4275 PerlIO_ungetc(PL_rsfp, '\n');
4279 /* gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract is false in MPW tool */
4280 } else if (gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
4292 PL_uid = PerlProc_getuid();
4293 PL_euid = PerlProc_geteuid();
4294 PL_gid = PerlProc_getgid();
4295 PL_egid = PerlProc_getegid();
4297 PL_uid |= PL_gid << 16;
4298 PL_euid |= PL_egid << 16;
4300 /* Should not happen: */
4301 CHECK_MALLOC_TAINT(PL_uid && (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid));
4302 PL_tainting |= (PL_uid && (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid));
4305 * Should go by suidscript, not uid!=euid: why disallow
4306 * system("ls") in scripts run from setuid things?
4307 * Or, is this run before we check arguments and set suidscript?
4308 * What about SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW: could we use fdscript then?
4309 * (We never have suidscript, can we be sure to have fdscript?)
4310 * Or must then go by UID checks? See comments in forbid_setid also.
4314 /* This is used very early in the lifetime of the program,
4315 * before even the options are parsed, so PL_tainting has
4316 * not been initialized properly. */
4318 Perl_doing_taint(int argc, char *argv[], char *envp[])
4320 #ifndef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
4321 /* If we have PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS we can't call getuid() et alia
4322 * before we have an interpreter-- and the whole point of this
4323 * function is to be called at such an early stage. If you are on
4324 * a system with PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS but you do have a concept of
4325 * "tainted because running with altered effective ids', you'll
4326 * have to add your own checks somewhere in here. The two most
4327 * known samples of 'implicitness' are Win32 and NetWare, neither
4328 * of which has much of concept of 'uids'. */
4329 int uid = PerlProc_getuid();
4330 int euid = PerlProc_geteuid();
4331 int gid = PerlProc_getgid();
4332 int egid = PerlProc_getegid();
4339 if (uid && (euid != uid || egid != gid))
4341 #endif /* !PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS */
4342 /* This is a really primitive check; environment gets ignored only
4343 * if -T are the first chars together; otherwise one gets
4344 * "Too late" message. */
4345 if ( argc > 1 && argv[1][0] == '-'
4346 && (argv[1][1] == 't' || argv[1][1] == 'T') )
4352 S_forbid_setid(pTHX_ const char *s)
4355 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
4356 if (PL_euid != PL_uid)
4357 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed while running setuid", s);
4358 if (PL_egid != PL_gid)
4359 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed while running setgid", s);
4360 #endif /* SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW */
4362 * Checks for UID/GID above "wrong": why disallow
4363 * perl -e 'print "Hello\n"'
4364 * from within setuid things?? Simply drop them: replaced by
4365 * fdscript/suidscript and #ifdef IAMSUID checks below.
4367 * This may be too late for command-line switches. Will catch those on
4368 * the #! line, after finding the script name and setting up
4369 * fdscript/suidscript. Note that suidperl does not get around to
4370 * parsing (and checking) the switches on the #! line, but checks that
4371 * the two sets are identical.
4373 * With SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW, could we use fdscript, also or
4374 * instead, or would that be "too late"? (We never have suidscript, can
4375 * we be sure to have fdscript?)
4377 * Catch things with suidscript (in descendant of suidperl), even with
4378 * right UID/GID. Was already checked in suidperl, with #ifdef IAMSUID,
4379 * below; but I am paranoid.
4381 * Also see comments about root running a setuid script, elsewhere.
4383 if (PL_suidscript >= 0)
4384 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed with (suid) fdscript", s);
4386 /* PSz 11 Nov 03 Catch it in suidperl, always! */
4387 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed in suidperl", s);
4388 #endif /* IAMSUID */
4392 Perl_init_debugger(pTHX)
4395 HV * const ostash = PL_curstash;
4397 PL_curstash = PL_debstash;
4398 PL_dbargs = GvAV(gv_AVadd((gv_fetchpv("DB::args", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVAV))));
4399 AvREAL_off(PL_dbargs);
4400 PL_DBgv = gv_fetchpv("DB::DB", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVGV);
4401 PL_DBline = gv_fetchpv("DB::dbline", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVAV);
4402 PL_DBsub = gv_HVadd(gv_fetchpv("DB::sub", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
4403 PL_DBsingle = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("DB::single", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
4404 sv_setiv(PL_DBsingle, 0);
4405 PL_DBtrace = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("DB::trace", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
4406 sv_setiv(PL_DBtrace, 0);
4407 PL_DBsignal = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("DB::signal", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
4408 sv_setiv(PL_DBsignal, 0);
4409 PL_DBassertion = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("DB::assertion", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
4410 sv_setiv(PL_DBassertion, 0);
4411 PL_curstash = ostash;
4414 #ifndef STRESS_REALLOC
4415 #define REASONABLE(size) (size)
4417 #define REASONABLE(size) (1) /* unreasonable */
4421 Perl_init_stacks(pTHX)
4424 /* start with 128-item stack and 8K cxstack */
4425 PL_curstackinfo = new_stackinfo(REASONABLE(128),
4426 REASONABLE(8192/sizeof(PERL_CONTEXT) - 1));
4427 PL_curstackinfo->si_type = PERLSI_MAIN;
4428 PL_curstack = PL_curstackinfo->si_stack;
4429 PL_mainstack = PL_curstack; /* remember in case we switch stacks */
4431 PL_stack_base = AvARRAY(PL_curstack);
4432 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base;
4433 PL_stack_max = PL_stack_base + AvMAX(PL_curstack);
4435 Newx(PL_tmps_stack,REASONABLE(128),SV*);
4438 PL_tmps_max = REASONABLE(128);
4440 Newx(PL_markstack,REASONABLE(32),I32);
4441 PL_markstack_ptr = PL_markstack;
4442 PL_markstack_max = PL_markstack + REASONABLE(32);
4446 Newx(PL_scopestack,REASONABLE(32),I32);
4447 PL_scopestack_ix = 0;
4448 PL_scopestack_max = REASONABLE(32);
4450 Newx(PL_savestack,REASONABLE(128),ANY);
4451 PL_savestack_ix = 0;
4452 PL_savestack_max = REASONABLE(128);
4461 while (PL_curstackinfo->si_next)
4462 PL_curstackinfo = PL_curstackinfo->si_next;
4463 while (PL_curstackinfo) {
4464 PERL_SI *p = PL_curstackinfo->si_prev;
4465 /* curstackinfo->si_stack got nuked by sv_free_arenas() */
4466 Safefree(PL_curstackinfo->si_cxstack);
4467 Safefree(PL_curstackinfo);
4468 PL_curstackinfo = p;
4470 Safefree(PL_tmps_stack);
4471 Safefree(PL_markstack);
4472 Safefree(PL_scopestack);
4473 Safefree(PL_savestack);
4483 lex_start(PL_linestr);
4485 PL_subname = newSVpvs("main");
4489 S_init_predump_symbols(pTHX)
4495 sv_setpvn(get_sv("\"", TRUE), " ", 1);
4496 PL_stdingv = gv_fetchpv("STDIN",TRUE, SVt_PVIO);
4497 GvMULTI_on(PL_stdingv);
4498 io = GvIOp(PL_stdingv);
4499 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_RDONLY;
4500 IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stdin();
4501 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("stdin",TRUE, SVt_PV);
4503 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc(io);
4505 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("STDOUT",TRUE, SVt_PVIO);
4508 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_WRONLY;
4509 IoOFP(io) = IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stdout();
4511 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("stdout",TRUE, SVt_PV);
4513 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc(io);
4515 PL_stderrgv = gv_fetchpv("STDERR",TRUE, SVt_PVIO);
4516 GvMULTI_on(PL_stderrgv);
4517 io = GvIOp(PL_stderrgv);
4518 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_WRONLY;
4519 IoOFP(io) = IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stderr();
4520 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("stderr",TRUE, SVt_PV);
4522 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc(io);
4524 PL_statname = NEWSV(66,0); /* last filename we did stat on */
4526 Safefree(PL_osname);
4527 PL_osname = savepv(OSNAME);
4531 Perl_init_argv_symbols(pTHX_ register int argc, register char **argv)
4534 argc--,argv++; /* skip name of script */
4535 if (PL_doswitches) {
4536 for (; argc > 0 && **argv == '-'; argc--,argv++) {
4540 if (argv[0][1] == '-' && !argv[0][2]) {
4544 if ((s = strchr(argv[0], '='))) {
4546 sv_setpv(GvSV(gv_fetchpv(argv[0] + 1, TRUE, SVt_PV)), s + 1);
4550 sv_setiv(GvSV(gv_fetchpv(argv[0]+1,TRUE, SVt_PV)),1);
4553 if ((PL_argvgv = gv_fetchpv("ARGV",TRUE, SVt_PVAV))) {
4554 GvMULTI_on(PL_argvgv);
4555 (void)gv_AVadd(PL_argvgv);
4556 av_clear(GvAVn(PL_argvgv));
4557 for (; argc > 0; argc--,argv++) {
4558 SV * const sv = newSVpv(argv[0],0);
4559 av_push(GvAVn(PL_argvgv),sv);
4560 if (!(PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_LOCALE_FLAG) || PL_utf8locale) {
4561 if (PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_ARGV_FLAG)
4564 if (PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_WIDESYSCALLS_FLAG) /* Sarathy? */
4565 (void)sv_utf8_decode(sv);
4571 S_init_postdump_symbols(pTHX_ register int argc, register char **argv, register char **env)
4576 PL_toptarget = NEWSV(0,0);
4577 sv_upgrade(PL_toptarget, SVt_PVFM);
4578 sv_setpvn(PL_toptarget, "", 0);
4579 PL_bodytarget = NEWSV(0,0);
4580 sv_upgrade(PL_bodytarget, SVt_PVFM);
4581 sv_setpvn(PL_bodytarget, "", 0);
4582 PL_formtarget = PL_bodytarget;
4586 init_argv_symbols(argc,argv);
4588 if ((tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("0",TRUE, SVt_PV))) {
4589 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4590 /* $0 is not majick on a Mac */
4591 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv),MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
4593 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv),PL_origfilename);
4594 magicname("0", "0", 1);
4597 if ((PL_envgv = gv_fetchpv("ENV",TRUE, SVt_PVHV))) {
4599 GvMULTI_on(PL_envgv);
4600 hv = GvHVn(PL_envgv);
4601 hv_magic(hv, Nullgv, PERL_MAGIC_env);
4603 #ifdef USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY
4604 /* Note that if the supplied env parameter is actually a copy
4605 of the global environ then it may now point to free'd memory
4606 if the environment has been modified since. To avoid this
4607 problem we treat env==NULL as meaning 'use the default'
4612 # ifdef USE_ITHREADS
4613 && PL_curinterp == aTHX
4617 environ[0] = Nullch;
4620 char** origenv = environ;
4623 for (; *env; env++) {
4624 if (!(s = strchr(*env,'=')) || s == *env)
4626 #if defined(MSDOS) && !defined(DJGPP)
4631 sv = newSVpv(s+1, 0);
4632 (void)hv_store(hv, *env, s - *env, sv, 0);
4635 if (origenv != environ) {
4636 /* realloc has shifted us */
4637 env = (env - origenv) + environ;
4642 #endif /* USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY */
4643 #endif /* !PERL_MICRO */
4646 if ((tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("$",TRUE, SVt_PV))) {
4647 SvREADONLY_off(GvSV(tmpgv));
4648 sv_setiv(GvSV(tmpgv), (IV)PerlProc_getpid());
4649 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(tmpgv));
4651 #ifdef THREADS_HAVE_PIDS
4652 PL_ppid = (IV)getppid();
4655 /* touch @F array to prevent spurious warnings 20020415 MJD */
4657 (void) get_av("main::F", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4659 /* touch @- and @+ arrays to prevent spurious warnings 20020415 MJD */
4660 (void) get_av("main::-", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4661 (void) get_av("main::+", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4665 S_init_perllib(pTHX)
4671 s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL5LIB");
4673 * It isn't possible to delete an environment variable with
4674 * PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV set unless unsetenv() is also available, so in that
4675 * case we treat PERL5LIB as undefined if it has a zero-length value.
4677 #if defined(PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV) && ! defined(HAS_UNSETENV)
4678 if (s && *s != '\0')
4682 incpush(s, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE);
4684 incpush(PerlEnv_getenv("PERLLIB"), FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4686 /* Treat PERL5?LIB as a possible search list logical name -- the
4687 * "natural" VMS idiom for a Unix path string. We allow each
4688 * element to be a set of |-separated directories for compatibility.
4692 if (my_trnlnm("PERL5LIB",buf,0))
4693 do { incpush(buf,TRUE,TRUE,TRUE,FALSE); } while (my_trnlnm("PERL5LIB",buf,++idx));
4695 while (my_trnlnm("PERLLIB",buf,idx++)) incpush(buf,FALSE,FALSE,TRUE,FALSE);
4699 /* Use the ~-expanded versions of APPLLIB (undocumented),
4700 ARCHLIB PRIVLIB SITEARCH SITELIB VENDORARCH and VENDORLIB
4703 incpush(APPLLIB_EXP, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4707 incpush(ARCHLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4709 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4712 SV * privdir = NEWSV(55, 0);
4713 char * macperl = PerlEnv_getenv("MACPERL");
4718 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ privdir, "%slib:", macperl);
4719 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(privdir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 && S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode))
4720 incpush(SvPVX(privdir), TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4721 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ privdir, "%ssite_perl:", macperl);
4722 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(privdir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 && S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode))
4723 incpush(SvPVX(privdir), TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4725 SvREFCNT_dec(privdir);
4728 incpush(":", FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4731 # define PRIVLIB_EXP "/usr/local/lib/perl5:/usr/local/lib/perl"
4734 incpush(PRIVLIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4736 incpush(PRIVLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4740 /* sitearch is always relative to sitelib on Windows for
4741 * DLL-based path intuition to work correctly */
4742 # if !defined(WIN32)
4743 incpush(SITEARCH_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4749 /* this picks up sitearch as well */
4750 incpush(SITELIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4752 incpush(SITELIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4756 #ifdef SITELIB_STEM /* Search for version-specific dirs below here */
4757 incpush(SITELIB_STEM, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4760 #ifdef PERL_VENDORARCH_EXP
4761 /* vendorarch is always relative to vendorlib on Windows for
4762 * DLL-based path intuition to work correctly */
4763 # if !defined(WIN32)
4764 incpush(PERL_VENDORARCH_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4768 #ifdef PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP
4770 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE); /* this picks up vendorarch as well */
4772 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4776 #ifdef PERL_VENDORLIB_STEM /* Search for version-specific dirs below here */
4777 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_STEM, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4780 #ifdef PERL_OTHERLIBDIRS
4781 incpush(PERL_OTHERLIBDIRS, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4785 incpush(".", FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4786 #endif /* MACOS_TRADITIONAL */
4789 #if defined(DOSISH) || defined(EPOC) || defined(__SYMBIAN32__)
4790 # define PERLLIB_SEP ';'
4793 # define PERLLIB_SEP '|'
4795 # if defined(MACOS_TRADITIONAL)
4796 # define PERLLIB_SEP ','
4798 # define PERLLIB_SEP ':'
4802 #ifndef PERLLIB_MANGLE
4803 # define PERLLIB_MANGLE(s,n) (s)
4806 /* Push a directory onto @INC if it exists.
4807 Generate a new SV if we do this, to save needing to copy the SV we push
4810 S_incpush_if_exists(pTHX_ SV *dir)
4814 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX_const(dir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 &&
4815 S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode)) {
4816 av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), dir);
4823 S_incpush(pTHX_ const char *dir, bool addsubdirs, bool addoldvers, bool usesep,
4827 SV *subdir = Nullsv;
4828 const char *p = dir;
4833 if (addsubdirs || addoldvers) {
4834 subdir = NEWSV(0,0);
4837 /* Break at all separators */
4839 SV *libdir = NEWSV(55,0);
4842 /* skip any consecutive separators */
4844 while ( *p == PERLLIB_SEP ) {
4845 /* Uncomment the next line for PATH semantics */
4846 /* av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), newSVpvs(".")); */
4851 if ( usesep && (s = strchr(p, PERLLIB_SEP)) != Nullch ) {
4852 sv_setpvn(libdir, PERLLIB_MANGLE(p, (STRLEN)(s - p)),
4857 sv_setpv(libdir, PERLLIB_MANGLE(p, 0));
4858 p = Nullch; /* break out */
4860 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4861 if (!strchr(SvPVX(libdir), ':')) {
4864 sv_setpv(libdir, MacPerl_CanonDir(SvPVX(libdir), buf, 0));
4866 if (SvPVX(libdir)[SvCUR(libdir)-1] != ':')
4867 sv_catpvs(libdir, ":");
4870 /* Do the if() outside the #ifdef to avoid warnings about an unused
4873 #ifdef PERL_RELOCATABLE_INC
4875 * Relocatable include entries are marked with a leading .../
4878 * 0: Remove that leading ".../"
4879 * 1: Remove trailing executable name (anything after the last '/')
4880 * from the perl path to give a perl prefix
4882 * While the @INC element starts "../" and the prefix ends with a real
4883 * directory (ie not . or ..) chop that real directory off the prefix
4884 * and the leading "../" from the @INC element. ie a logical "../"
4886 * Finally concatenate the prefix and the remainder of the @INC element
4887 * The intent is that /usr/local/bin/perl and .../../lib/perl5
4888 * generates /usr/local/lib/perl5
4890 const char *libpath = SvPVX(libdir);
4891 STRLEN libpath_len = SvCUR(libdir);
4892 if (libpath_len >= 4 && memEQ (libpath, ".../", 4)) {
4894 SV * const caret_X = get_sv("\030", 0);
4895 /* Going to use the SV just as a scratch buffer holding a C
4901 /* $^X is *the* source of taint if tainting is on, hence
4902 SvPOK() won't be true. */
4904 assert(SvPOKp(caret_X));
4905 prefix_sv = newSVpvn(SvPVX(caret_X), SvCUR(caret_X));
4906 /* Firstly take off the leading .../
4907 If all else fail we'll do the paths relative to the current
4909 sv_chop(libdir, libpath + 4);
4910 /* Don't use SvPV as we're intentionally bypassing taining,
4911 mortal copies that the mg_get of tainting creates, and
4912 corruption that seems to come via the save stack.
4913 I guess that the save stack isn't correctly set up yet. */
4914 libpath = SvPVX(libdir);
4915 libpath_len = SvCUR(libdir);
4917 /* This would work more efficiently with memrchr, but as it's
4918 only a GNU extension we'd need to probe for it and
4919 implement our own. Not hard, but maybe not worth it? */
4921 prefix = SvPVX(prefix_sv);
4922 lastslash = strrchr(prefix, '/');
4924 /* First time in with the *lastslash = '\0' we just wipe off
4925 the trailing /perl from (say) /usr/foo/bin/perl
4929 while ((*lastslash = '\0'), /* Do that, come what may. */
4930 (libpath_len >= 3 && memEQ(libpath, "../", 3)
4931 && (lastslash = strrchr(prefix, '/')))) {
4932 if (lastslash[1] == '\0'
4933 || (lastslash[1] == '.'
4934 && (lastslash[2] == '/' /* ends "/." */
4935 || (lastslash[2] == '/'
4936 && lastslash[3] == '/' /* or "/.." */
4938 /* Prefix ends "/" or "/." or "/..", any of which
4939 are fishy, so don't do any more logical cleanup.
4943 /* Remove leading "../" from path */
4946 /* Next iteration round the loop removes the last
4947 directory name from prefix by writing a '\0' in
4948 the while clause. */
4950 /* prefix has been terminated with a '\0' to the correct
4951 length. libpath points somewhere into the libdir SV.
4952 We need to join the 2 with '/' and drop the result into
4954 tempsv = Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "%s/%s", prefix, libpath);
4955 SvREFCNT_dec(libdir);
4956 /* And this is the new libdir. */
4959 (PL_uid != PL_euid || PL_gid != PL_egid)) {
4960 /* Need to taint reloccated paths if running set ID */
4961 SvTAINTED_on(libdir);
4964 SvREFCNT_dec(prefix_sv);
4969 * BEFORE pushing libdir onto @INC we may first push version- and
4970 * archname-specific sub-directories.
4972 if (addsubdirs || addoldvers) {
4973 #ifdef PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST
4974 /* Configure terminates PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST with a NULL */
4975 const char * const incverlist[] = { PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST };
4976 const char * const *incver;
4982 if ((unix = tounixspec_ts(SvPV(libdir,len),Nullch)) != Nullch) {
4984 while (unix[len-1] == '/') len--; /* Cosmetic */
4985 sv_usepvn(libdir,unix,len);
4988 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log,
4989 "Failed to unixify @INC element \"%s\"\n",
4993 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4994 #define PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT ""
4995 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT "%s:"
4996 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_FS_VER_FMT PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT
4998 #define PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT "/"
4999 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT "/%s"
5000 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT PERL_FS_VER_FMT
5002 /* .../version/archname if -d .../version/archname */
5003 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_ARCH_FMT,
5005 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
5006 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION, ARCHNAME);
5007 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
5009 /* .../version if -d .../version */
5010 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH, libdir,
5011 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
5012 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION);
5013 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
5015 /* .../archname if -d .../archname */
5016 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT, libdir, ARCHNAME);
5017 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
5021 #ifdef PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST
5023 for (incver = incverlist; *incver; incver++) {
5024 /* .../xxx if -d .../xxx */
5025 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT, libdir, *incver);
5026 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
5032 /* finally push this lib directory on the end of @INC */
5033 av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), libdir);
5036 assert (SvREFCNT(subdir) == 1);
5037 SvREFCNT_dec(subdir);
5041 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
5042 STATIC struct perl_thread *
5043 S_init_main_thread(pTHX)
5045 #if !defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
5046 struct perl_thread *thr;
5050 Newxz(thr, 1, struct perl_thread);
5051 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
5052 thr->interp = PERL_GET_INTERP;
5053 thr->cvcache = newHV();
5054 thr->threadsv = newAV();
5055 /* thr->threadsvp is set when find_threadsv is called */
5056 thr->specific = newAV();
5057 thr->flags = THRf_R_JOINABLE;
5058 MUTEX_INIT(&thr->mutex);
5059 /* Handcraft thrsv similarly to mess_sv */
5060 Newx(PL_thrsv, 1, SV);
5062 SvFLAGS(PL_thrsv) = SVt_PV;
5063 SvANY(PL_thrsv) = (void*)xpv;
5064 SvREFCNT(PL_thrsv) = 1 << 30; /* practically infinite */
5065 SvPV_set(PL_thrsvr, (char*)thr);
5066 SvCUR_set(PL_thrsv, sizeof(thr));
5067 SvLEN_set(PL_thrsv, sizeof(thr));
5068 *SvEND(PL_thrsv) = '\0'; /* in the trailing_nul field */
5069 thr->oursv = PL_thrsv;
5070 PL_chopset = " \n-";
5073 MUTEX_LOCK(&PL_threads_mutex);
5079 MUTEX_UNLOCK(&PL_threads_mutex);
5081 #ifdef HAVE_THREAD_INTERN
5082 Perl_init_thread_intern(thr);
5085 #ifdef SET_THREAD_SELF
5086 SET_THREAD_SELF(thr);
5088 thr->self = pthread_self();
5089 #endif /* SET_THREAD_SELF */
5093 * These must come after the thread self setting
5094 * because sv_setpvn does SvTAINT and the taint
5095 * fields thread selfness being set.
5097 PL_toptarget = NEWSV(0,0);
5098 sv_upgrade(PL_toptarget, SVt_PVFM);
5099 sv_setpvn(PL_toptarget, "", 0);
5100 PL_bodytarget = NEWSV(0,0);
5101 sv_upgrade(PL_bodytarget, SVt_PVFM);
5102 sv_setpvn(PL_bodytarget, "", 0);
5103 PL_formtarget = PL_bodytarget;
5104 thr->errsv = newSVpvs("");
5105 (void) find_threadsv("@"); /* Ensure $@ is initialised early */
5108 PL_peepp = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_peep);
5109 PL_regcompp = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_pregcomp);
5110 PL_regexecp = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_regexec_flags);
5111 PL_regint_start = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_re_intuit_start);
5112 PL_regint_string = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_re_intuit_string);
5113 PL_regfree = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_pregfree);
5115 PL_reginterp_cnt = 0;
5119 #endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
5122 Perl_call_list(pTHX_ I32 oldscope, AV *paramList)
5126 const line_t oldline = CopLINE(PL_curcop);
5132 while (av_len(paramList) >= 0) {
5133 cv = (CV*)av_shift(paramList);
5135 if (paramList == PL_beginav) {
5136 /* save PL_beginav for compiler */
5137 if (! PL_beginav_save)
5138 PL_beginav_save = newAV();
5139 av_push(PL_beginav_save, (SV*)cv);
5141 else if (paramList == PL_checkav) {
5142 /* save PL_checkav for compiler */
5143 if (! PL_checkav_save)
5144 PL_checkav_save = newAV();
5145 av_push(PL_checkav_save, (SV*)cv);
5155 (void)SvPV_const(atsv, len);
5157 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
5158 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
5159 if (paramList == PL_beginav)
5160 sv_catpvs(atsv, "BEGIN failed--compilation aborted");
5162 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ atsv,
5163 "%s failed--call queue aborted",
5164 paramList == PL_checkav ? "CHECK"
5165 : paramList == PL_initav ? "INIT"
5167 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
5170 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%"SVf"", atsv);
5177 /* my_exit() was called */
5178 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
5181 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
5182 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
5183 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
5185 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED)) {
5186 if (paramList == PL_beginav)
5187 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "BEGIN failed--compilation aborted");
5189 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s failed--call queue aborted",
5190 paramList == PL_checkav ? "CHECK"
5191 : paramList == PL_initav ? "INIT"
5198 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
5199 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
5202 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: restartop\n");
5211 S_call_list_body(pTHX_ CV *cv)
5214 PUSHMARK(PL_stack_sp);
5215 call_sv((SV*)cv, G_EVAL|G_DISCARD);
5220 Perl_my_exit(pTHX_ U32 status)
5223 DEBUG_S(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "my_exit: thread %p, status %lu\n",
5224 thr, (unsigned long) status));
5233 STATUS_EXIT_SET(status);
5240 Perl_my_failure_exit(pTHX)
5244 /* We have been called to fall on our sword. The desired exit code
5245 * should be already set in STATUS_UNIX, but could be shifted over
5246 * by 8 bits. STATUS_UNIX_EXIT_SET will handle the cases where a
5249 * If an error code has not been set, then force the issue.
5251 if (MY_POSIX_EXIT) {
5253 /* In POSIX_EXIT mode follow Perl documentations and use 255 for
5254 * the exit code when there isn't an error.
5257 if (STATUS_UNIX == 0)
5258 STATUS_UNIX_EXIT_SET(255);
5260 STATUS_UNIX_EXIT_SET(STATUS_UNIX);
5262 /* The exit code could have been set by $? or vmsish which
5263 * means that it may not be fatal. So convert
5264 * success/warning codes to fatal.
5266 if ((STATUS_NATIVE & (STS$K_SEVERE|STS$K_ERROR)) == 0)
5267 STATUS_UNIX_EXIT_SET(255);
5271 /* Traditionally Perl on VMS always expects a Fatal Error. */
5272 if (vaxc$errno & 1) {
5274 /* So force success status to failure */
5275 if (STATUS_NATIVE & 1)
5280 STATUS_UNIX = EINTR; /* In case something cares */
5285 STATUS_NATIVE = vaxc$errno; /* Should already be this */
5287 /* Encode the severity code */
5288 severity = STATUS_NATIVE & STS$M_SEVERITY;
5289 STATUS_UNIX = (severity ? severity : 1) << 8;
5291 /* Perl expects this to be a fatal error */
5292 if (severity != STS$K_SEVERE)
5301 STATUS_UNIX_SET(errno);
5303 exitstatus = STATUS_UNIX >> 8;
5304 if (exitstatus & 255)
5305 STATUS_UNIX_SET(exitstatus);
5307 STATUS_UNIX_SET(255);
5314 S_my_exit_jump(pTHX)
5317 register PERL_CONTEXT *cx;
5322 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
5323 PL_e_script = Nullsv;
5326 POPSTACK_TO(PL_mainstack);
5327 if (cxstack_ix >= 0) {
5330 POPBLOCK(cx,PL_curpm);
5335 PERL_UNUSED_VAR(gimme);
5336 PERL_UNUSED_VAR(newsp);
5340 read_e_script(pTHX_ int idx, SV *buf_sv, int maxlen)
5343 const char * const p = SvPVX_const(PL_e_script);
5344 const char *nl = strchr(p, '\n');
5346 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(idx);
5347 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(maxlen);
5349 nl = (nl) ? nl+1 : SvEND(PL_e_script);
5351 filter_del(read_e_script);
5354 sv_catpvn(buf_sv, p, nl-p);
5355 sv_chop(PL_e_script, nl);
5361 * c-indentation-style: bsd
5363 * indent-tabs-mode: t
5366 * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 noet: