3 * Copyright (C) 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
4 * 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * "A ship then new they built for him/of mithril and of elven glass" --Bilbo
15 /* This file contains the top-level functions that are used to create, use
16 * and destroy a perl interpreter, plus the functions used by XS code to
17 * call back into perl. Note that it does not contain the actual main()
18 * function of the interpreter; that can be found in perlmain.c
23 * Be proud that perl(1) may proclaim:
24 * Setuid Perl scripts are safer than C programs ...
25 * Do not abandon (deprecate) suidperl. Do not advocate C wrappers.
27 * The flow was: perl starts, notices script is suid, execs suidperl with same
28 * arguments; suidperl opens script, checks many things, sets itself with
29 * right UID, execs perl with similar arguments but with script pre-opened on
30 * /dev/fd/xxx; perl checks script is as should be and does work. This was
31 * insecure: see perlsec(1) for many problems with this approach.
33 * The "correct" flow should be: perl starts, opens script and notices it is
34 * suid, checks many things, execs suidperl with similar arguments but with
35 * script on /dev/fd/xxx; suidperl checks script and /dev/fd/xxx object are
36 * same, checks arguments match #! line, sets itself with right UID, execs
37 * perl with same arguments; perl checks many things and does work.
39 * (Opening the script in perl instead of suidperl, we "lose" scripts that
40 * are readable to the target UID but not to the invoker. Where did
41 * unreadable scripts work anyway?)
43 * For now, suidperl and perl are pretty much the same large and cumbersome
44 * program, so suidperl can check its argument list (see comments elsewhere).
47 * Original bug report:
48 * http://bugs.perl.org/index.html?req=bug_id&bug_id=20010322.218
49 * http://rt.perl.org/rt2/Ticket/Display.html?id=6511
50 * Comments and discussion with Debian:
51 * http://bugs.debian.org/203426
52 * http://bugs.debian.org/220486
53 * Debian Security Advisory DSA 431-1 (does not fully fix problem):
54 * http://www.debian.org/security/2004/dsa-431
56 * http://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CAN-2003-0618
57 * Previous versions of this patch sent to perl5-porters:
58 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg71953.html
59 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75245.html
60 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75563.html
61 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75635.html
63 Paul Szabo - psz@maths.usyd.edu.au http://www.maths.usyd.edu.au:8000/u/psz/
64 School of Mathematics and Statistics University of Sydney 2006 Australia
68 * Use truthful, neat, specific error messages.
69 * Cannot always hide the truth; security must not depend on doing so.
73 * Use global(?), thread-local fdscript for easier checks.
74 * (I do not understand how we could possibly get a thread race:
75 * do not all threads go through the same initialization? Or in
76 * fact, are not threads started only after we get the script and
77 * so know what to do? Oh well, make things super-safe...)
81 #define PERL_IN_PERL_C
83 #include "patchlevel.h" /* for local_patches */
87 char *nw_get_sitelib(const char *pl);
90 /* XXX If this causes problems, set i_unistd=undef in the hint file. */
107 #if !defined(STANDARD_C) && !defined(HAS_GETENV_PROTOTYPE) && !defined(PERL_MICRO)
108 char *getenv (char *); /* Usually in <stdlib.h> */
111 static I32 read_e_script(pTHX_ int idx, SV *buf_sv, int maxlen);
119 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
126 S_init_tls_and_interp(PerlInterpreter *my_perl)
129 PERL_SET_INTERP(my_perl);
130 #if defined(USE_ITHREADS)
133 PERL_SET_THX(my_perl);
135 MUTEX_INIT(&PL_dollarzero_mutex);
139 PERL_SET_THX(my_perl);
143 #ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
145 perl_alloc_using(struct IPerlMem* ipM, struct IPerlMem* ipMS,
146 struct IPerlMem* ipMP, struct IPerlEnv* ipE,
147 struct IPerlStdIO* ipStd, struct IPerlLIO* ipLIO,
148 struct IPerlDir* ipD, struct IPerlSock* ipS,
149 struct IPerlProc* ipP)
151 PerlInterpreter *my_perl;
152 /* New() needs interpreter, so call malloc() instead */
153 my_perl = (PerlInterpreter*)(*ipM->pMalloc)(ipM, sizeof(PerlInterpreter));
154 S_init_tls_and_interp(my_perl);
155 Zero(my_perl, 1, PerlInterpreter);
171 =head1 Embedding Functions
173 =for apidoc perl_alloc
175 Allocates a new Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
183 PerlInterpreter *my_perl;
185 /* New() needs interpreter, so call malloc() instead */
186 my_perl = (PerlInterpreter*)PerlMem_malloc(sizeof(PerlInterpreter));
188 S_init_tls_and_interp(my_perl);
189 return ZeroD(my_perl, 1, PerlInterpreter);
191 #endif /* PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS */
194 =for apidoc perl_construct
196 Initializes a new Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
202 perl_construct(pTHXx)
206 PL_perl_destruct_level = 1;
208 if (PL_perl_destruct_level > 0)
211 /* Init the real globals (and main thread)? */
213 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling; /* needed by ckWARN, right away */
215 PL_linestr = NEWSV(65,79);
216 sv_upgrade(PL_linestr,SVt_PVIV);
218 if (!SvREADONLY(&PL_sv_undef)) {
219 /* set read-only and try to insure than we wont see REFCNT==0
222 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_undef);
223 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_undef) = (~(U32)0)/2;
225 sv_setpv(&PL_sv_no,PL_No);
226 /* value lookup in void context - happens to have the side effect
227 of caching the numeric forms. */
230 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_no);
231 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_no) = (~(U32)0)/2;
233 sv_setpv(&PL_sv_yes,PL_Yes);
236 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_yes);
237 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_yes) = (~(U32)0)/2;
239 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_placeholder);
240 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_placeholder) = (~(U32)0)/2;
243 PL_sighandlerp = Perl_sighandler;
244 PL_pidstatus = newHV();
247 PL_rs = newSVpvn("\n", 1);
252 PL_lex_state = LEX_NOTPARSING;
258 SET_NUMERIC_STANDARD();
260 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
261 PL_localpatches = local_patches; /* For possible -v */
264 #ifdef HAVE_INTERP_INTERN
268 PerlIO_init(aTHX); /* Hook to IO system */
270 PL_fdpid = newAV(); /* for remembering popen pids by fd */
271 PL_modglobal = newHV(); /* pointers to per-interpreter module globals */
272 PL_errors = newSVpvn("",0);
273 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(0), "", 0); /* For regex debugging. */
274 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(1), "", 0); /* ext/re needs these */
275 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(2), "", 0); /* even without DEBUGGING. */
277 PL_regex_padav = newAV();
278 av_push(PL_regex_padav,(SV*)newAV()); /* First entry is an array of empty elements */
279 PL_regex_pad = AvARRAY(PL_regex_padav);
281 #ifdef USE_REENTRANT_API
282 Perl_reentrant_init(aTHX);
285 /* Note that strtab is a rather special HV. Assumptions are made
286 about not iterating on it, and not adding tie magic to it.
287 It is properly deallocated in perl_destruct() */
290 HvSHAREKEYS_off(PL_strtab); /* mandatory */
291 hv_ksplit(PL_strtab, 512);
293 #if defined(__DYNAMIC__) && (defined(NeXT) || defined(__NeXT__))
294 _dyld_lookup_and_bind
295 ("__environ", (unsigned long *) &environ_pointer, NULL);
299 # ifdef USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY
300 PL_origenviron = environ;
304 /* Use sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK) if available, if not
305 * available or if the sysconf() fails, use the HZ.
306 * BeOS has those, but returns the wrong value. */
307 #if defined(HAS_SYSCONF) && defined(_SC_CLK_TCK) && !defined(__BEOS__)
308 PL_clocktick = sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK);
309 if (PL_clocktick <= 0)
313 PL_stashcache = newHV();
315 PL_patchlevel = newSVpv(
316 Perl_form(aTHX_ "%d.%d.%d",
319 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION ), 0
326 =for apidoc nothreadhook
328 Stub that provides thread hook for perl_destruct when there are
335 Perl_nothreadhook(pTHX)
341 =for apidoc perl_destruct
343 Shuts down a Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
351 volatile int destruct_level; /* 0=none, 1=full, 2=full with checks */
354 /* wait for all pseudo-forked children to finish */
355 PERL_WAIT_FOR_CHILDREN;
357 destruct_level = PL_perl_destruct_level;
361 if ((s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL"))) {
362 const int i = atoi(s);
363 if (destruct_level < i)
370 if(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_DESTRUCT_END) {
375 if (PL_endav && !PL_minus_c)
376 call_list(PL_scopestack_ix, PL_endav);
382 /* Need to flush since END blocks can produce output */
385 if (CALL_FPTR(PL_threadhook)(aTHX)) {
386 /* Threads hook has vetoed further cleanup */
387 return STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
390 /* We must account for everything. */
392 /* Destroy the main CV and syntax tree */
394 /* ensure comppad/curpad to refer to main's pad */
395 if (CvPADLIST(PL_main_cv)) {
396 PAD_SET_CUR_NOSAVE(CvPADLIST(PL_main_cv), 1);
398 op_free(PL_main_root);
399 PL_main_root = Nullop;
401 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
402 PL_main_start = Nullop;
403 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_main_cv);
407 /* Tell PerlIO we are about to tear things apart in case
408 we have layers which are using resources that should
412 PerlIO_destruct(aTHX);
414 if (PL_sv_objcount) {
416 * Try to destruct global references. We do this first so that the
417 * destructors and destructees still exist. Some sv's might remain.
418 * Non-referenced objects are on their own.
424 /* unhook hooks which will soon be, or use, destroyed data */
425 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_warnhook);
426 PL_warnhook = Nullsv;
427 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_diehook);
430 /* call exit list functions */
431 while (PL_exitlistlen-- > 0)
432 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].fn(aTHX_ PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].ptr);
434 Safefree(PL_exitlist);
439 if (destruct_level == 0){
441 DEBUG_P(debprofdump());
443 #if defined(PERLIO_LAYERS)
444 /* No more IO - including error messages ! */
445 PerlIO_cleanup(aTHX);
448 /* The exit() function will do everything that needs doing. */
449 return STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
452 /* jettison our possibly duplicated environment */
453 /* if PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV is defined environ will not have been copied
454 * so we certainly shouldn't free it here
457 #if defined(USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY) && !defined(PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV)
458 if (environ != PL_origenviron && !PL_use_safe_putenv
460 /* only main thread can free environ[0] contents */
461 && PL_curinterp == aTHX
467 for (i = 0; environ[i]; i++)
468 safesysfree(environ[i]);
470 /* Must use safesysfree() when working with environ. */
471 safesysfree(environ);
473 environ = PL_origenviron;
476 #endif /* !PERL_MICRO */
478 /* reset so print() ends up where we expect */
482 /* the syntax tree is shared between clones
483 * so op_free(PL_main_root) only ReREFCNT_dec's
484 * REGEXPs in the parent interpreter
485 * we need to manually ReREFCNT_dec for the clones
488 I32 i = AvFILLp(PL_regex_padav) + 1;
489 SV **ary = AvARRAY(PL_regex_padav);
493 REGEXP *re = INT2PTR(REGEXP *,SvIVX(resv));
495 if (SvFLAGS(resv) & SVf_BREAK) {
496 /* this is PL_reg_curpm, already freed
497 * flag is set in regexec.c:S_regtry
499 SvFLAGS(resv) &= ~SVf_BREAK;
501 else if(SvREPADTMP(resv)) {
502 SvREPADTMP_off(resv);
509 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_regex_padav);
510 PL_regex_padav = Nullav;
514 SvREFCNT_dec((SV*) PL_stashcache);
515 PL_stashcache = NULL;
517 /* loosen bonds of global variables */
520 (void)PerlIO_close(PL_rsfp);
524 /* Filters for program text */
525 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rsfp_filters);
526 PL_rsfp_filters = Nullav;
529 PL_preprocess = FALSE;
535 PL_doswitches = FALSE;
536 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_OFF;
537 PL_doextract = FALSE;
538 PL_sawampersand = FALSE; /* must save all match strings */
541 Safefree(PL_inplace);
543 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_patchlevel);
546 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
547 PL_e_script = Nullsv;
552 /* magical thingies */
554 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ofs_sv); /* $, */
557 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ors_sv); /* $\ */
560 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rs); /* $/ */
563 PL_multiline = 0; /* $* */
564 Safefree(PL_osname); /* $^O */
567 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_statname);
568 PL_statname = Nullsv;
571 /* defgv, aka *_ should be taken care of elsewhere */
573 /* clean up after study() */
574 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_lastscream);
575 PL_lastscream = Nullsv;
576 Safefree(PL_screamfirst);
578 Safefree(PL_screamnext);
582 Safefree(PL_efloatbuf);
583 PL_efloatbuf = Nullch;
586 /* startup and shutdown function lists */
587 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_beginav);
588 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_beginav_save);
589 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_endav);
590 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_checkav);
591 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_checkav_save);
592 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_initav);
594 PL_beginav_save = Nullav;
597 PL_checkav_save = Nullav;
600 /* shortcuts just get cleared */
606 PL_argvoutgv = Nullgv;
608 PL_stderrgv = Nullgv;
609 PL_last_in_gv = Nullgv;
614 PL_DBsingle = Nullsv;
616 PL_DBsignal = Nullsv;
617 PL_DBassertion = Nullsv;
620 PL_debstash = Nullhv;
622 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_argvout_stack);
623 PL_argvout_stack = Nullav;
625 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_modglobal);
626 PL_modglobal = Nullhv;
627 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_preambleav);
628 PL_preambleav = Nullav;
629 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_subname);
631 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_linestr);
633 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_pidstatus);
634 PL_pidstatus = Nullhv;
635 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_toptarget);
636 PL_toptarget = Nullsv;
637 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_bodytarget);
638 PL_bodytarget = Nullsv;
639 PL_formtarget = Nullsv;
641 /* free locale stuff */
642 #ifdef USE_LOCALE_COLLATE
643 Safefree(PL_collation_name);
644 PL_collation_name = Nullch;
647 #ifdef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC
648 Safefree(PL_numeric_name);
649 PL_numeric_name = Nullch;
650 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_numeric_radix_sv);
651 PL_numeric_radix_sv = Nullsv;
654 /* clear utf8 character classes */
655 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alnum);
656 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alnumc);
657 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_ascii);
658 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alpha);
659 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_space);
660 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_cntrl);
661 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_graph);
662 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_digit);
663 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_upper);
664 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_lower);
665 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_print);
666 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_punct);
667 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_xdigit);
668 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_mark);
669 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_toupper);
670 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_totitle);
671 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_tolower);
672 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_tofold);
673 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_idstart);
674 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_idcont);
675 PL_utf8_alnum = Nullsv;
676 PL_utf8_alnumc = Nullsv;
677 PL_utf8_ascii = Nullsv;
678 PL_utf8_alpha = Nullsv;
679 PL_utf8_space = Nullsv;
680 PL_utf8_cntrl = Nullsv;
681 PL_utf8_graph = Nullsv;
682 PL_utf8_digit = Nullsv;
683 PL_utf8_upper = Nullsv;
684 PL_utf8_lower = Nullsv;
685 PL_utf8_print = Nullsv;
686 PL_utf8_punct = Nullsv;
687 PL_utf8_xdigit = Nullsv;
688 PL_utf8_mark = Nullsv;
689 PL_utf8_toupper = Nullsv;
690 PL_utf8_totitle = Nullsv;
691 PL_utf8_tolower = Nullsv;
692 PL_utf8_tofold = Nullsv;
693 PL_utf8_idstart = Nullsv;
694 PL_utf8_idcont = Nullsv;
696 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
697 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
698 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = Nullsv;
699 if (!specialCopIO(PL_compiling.cop_io))
700 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_io);
701 PL_compiling.cop_io = Nullsv;
702 CopFILE_free(&PL_compiling);
703 CopSTASH_free(&PL_compiling);
705 /* Prepare to destruct main symbol table. */
710 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_curstname);
711 PL_curstname = Nullsv;
713 /* clear queued errors */
714 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_errors);
718 if (destruct_level >= 2 && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL)) {
719 if (PL_scopestack_ix != 0)
720 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
721 "Unbalanced scopes: %ld more ENTERs than LEAVEs\n",
722 (long)PL_scopestack_ix);
723 if (PL_savestack_ix != 0)
724 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
725 "Unbalanced saves: %ld more saves than restores\n",
726 (long)PL_savestack_ix);
727 if (PL_tmps_floor != -1)
728 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Unbalanced tmps: %ld more allocs than frees\n",
729 (long)PL_tmps_floor + 1);
730 if (cxstack_ix != -1)
731 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Unbalanced context: %ld more PUSHes than POPs\n",
732 (long)cxstack_ix + 1);
735 /* Now absolutely destruct everything, somehow or other, loops or no. */
736 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) |= SVTYPEMASK; /* don't clean out pid table now */
737 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) |= SVTYPEMASK; /* don't clean out strtab now */
739 /* the 2 is for PL_fdpid and PL_strtab */
740 while (PL_sv_count > 2 && sv_clean_all())
743 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) &= ~SVTYPEMASK;
744 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) |= SVt_PVAV;
745 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) &= ~SVTYPEMASK;
746 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) |= SVt_PVHV;
748 AvREAL_off(PL_fdpid); /* no surviving entries */
749 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_fdpid); /* needed in io_close() */
752 #ifdef HAVE_INTERP_INTERN
756 /* Destruct the global string table. */
758 /* Yell and reset the HeVAL() slots that are still holding refcounts,
759 * so that sv_free() won't fail on them.
767 max = HvMAX(PL_strtab);
768 array = HvARRAY(PL_strtab);
771 if (hent && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL)) {
772 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
773 "Unbalanced string table refcount: (%d) for \"%s\"",
774 HeVAL(hent) - Nullsv, HeKEY(hent));
775 HeVAL(hent) = Nullsv;
785 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_strtab);
788 /* free the pointer table used for cloning */
789 ptr_table_free(PL_ptr_table);
790 PL_ptr_table = (PTR_TBL_t*)NULL;
793 /* free special SVs */
795 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_yes) = 0;
796 sv_clear(&PL_sv_yes);
797 SvANY(&PL_sv_yes) = NULL;
798 SvFLAGS(&PL_sv_yes) = 0;
800 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_no) = 0;
802 SvANY(&PL_sv_no) = NULL;
803 SvFLAGS(&PL_sv_no) = 0;
807 for (i=0; i<=2; i++) {
808 SvREFCNT(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = 0;
809 sv_clear(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i));
810 SvANY(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = NULL;
811 SvFLAGS(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = 0;
815 if (PL_sv_count != 0 && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
816 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Scalars leaked: %ld\n", (long)PL_sv_count);
818 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS
819 if (PL_sv_count != 0) {
824 for (sva = PL_sv_arenaroot; sva; sva = (SV*)SvANY(sva)) {
825 svend = &sva[SvREFCNT(sva)];
826 for (sv = sva + 1; sv < svend; ++sv) {
827 if (SvTYPE(sv) != SVTYPEMASK) {
828 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "leaked: sv=0x%p"
830 " refcnt=%"UVuf pTHX__FORMAT "\n",
831 sv, sv->sv_flags, sv->sv_refcnt pTHX__VALUE);
840 #if defined(PERLIO_LAYERS)
841 /* No more IO - including error messages ! */
842 PerlIO_cleanup(aTHX);
845 /* sv_undef needs to stay immortal until after PerlIO_cleanup
846 as currently layers use it rather than Nullsv as a marker
847 for no arg - and will try and SvREFCNT_dec it.
849 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_undef) = 0;
850 SvREADONLY_off(&PL_sv_undef);
852 Safefree(PL_origfilename);
853 PL_origfilename = Nullch;
854 Safefree(PL_reg_start_tmp);
855 PL_reg_start_tmp = (char**)NULL;
856 PL_reg_start_tmpl = 0;
858 Safefree(PL_reg_curpm);
859 Safefree(PL_reg_poscache);
861 Safefree(PL_op_mask);
862 Safefree(PL_psig_ptr);
863 PL_psig_ptr = (SV**)NULL;
864 Safefree(PL_psig_name);
865 PL_psig_name = (SV**)NULL;
866 Safefree(PL_bitcount);
867 PL_bitcount = Nullch;
868 Safefree(PL_psig_pend);
869 PL_psig_pend = (int*)NULL;
870 PL_formfeed = Nullsv;
875 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
876 PL_hints = 0; /* Reset hints. Should hints be per-interpreter ? */
879 DEBUG_P(debprofdump());
881 #ifdef USE_REENTRANT_API
882 Perl_reentrant_free(aTHX);
887 /* As the absolutely last thing, free the non-arena SV for mess() */
890 /* it could have accumulated taint magic */
891 if (SvTYPE(PL_mess_sv) >= SVt_PVMG) {
894 for (mg = SvMAGIC(PL_mess_sv); mg; mg = moremagic) {
895 moremagic = mg->mg_moremagic;
896 if (mg->mg_ptr && mg->mg_type != PERL_MAGIC_regex_global
898 Safefree(mg->mg_ptr);
902 /* we know that type >= SVt_PV */
903 SvOOK_off(PL_mess_sv);
904 Safefree(SvPVX(PL_mess_sv));
905 Safefree(SvANY(PL_mess_sv));
906 Safefree(PL_mess_sv);
909 return STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
913 =for apidoc perl_free
915 Releases a Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
923 #if defined(WIN32) || defined(NETWARE)
924 # if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS)
926 void *host = nw_internal_host;
928 void *host = w32_internal_host;
932 nw_delete_internal_host(host);
934 win32_delete_internal_host(host);
944 #if defined(USE_5005THREADS) || defined(USE_ITHREADS)
945 /* provide destructors to clean up the thread key when libperl is unloaded */
946 #ifndef WIN32 /* handled during DLL_PROCESS_DETACH in win32/perllib.c */
948 #if defined(__hpux) && !defined(__GNUC__)
949 #pragma fini "perl_fini"
952 #if defined(__GNUC__) && defined(__attribute__)
953 /* want to make sure __attribute__ works here even
954 * for -Dd_attribut=undef builds.
959 static void __attribute__((destructor))
970 Perl_call_atexit(pTHX_ ATEXIT_t fn, void *ptr)
972 Renew(PL_exitlist, PL_exitlistlen+1, PerlExitListEntry);
973 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].fn = fn;
974 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].ptr = ptr;
978 #ifdef HAS_PROCSELFEXE
979 /* This is a function so that we don't hold on to MAXPATHLEN
980 bytes of stack longer than necessary
983 S_procself_val(pTHX_ SV *sv, const char *arg0)
985 char buf[MAXPATHLEN];
986 int len = readlink(PROCSELFEXE_PATH, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);
988 /* On Playstation2 Linux V1.0 (kernel 2.2.1) readlink(/proc/self/exe)
989 includes a spurious NUL which will cause $^X to fail in system
990 or backticks (this will prevent extensions from being built and
991 many tests from working). readlink is not meant to add a NUL.
992 Normal readlink works fine.
994 if (len > 0 && buf[len-1] == '\0') {
998 /* FreeBSD's implementation is acknowledged to be imperfect, sometimes
999 returning the text "unknown" from the readlink rather than the path
1000 to the executable (or returning an error from the readlink). Any valid
1001 path has a '/' in it somewhere, so use that to validate the result.
1002 See http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/query-pr.cgi?pr=35703
1004 if (len > 0 && memchr(buf, '/', len)) {
1005 sv_setpvn(sv,buf,len);
1011 #endif /* HAS_PROCSELFEXE */
1014 S_set_caret_X(pTHX) {
1015 GV* tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("\030",TRUE, SVt_PV); /* $^X */
1017 #ifdef HAS_PROCSELFEXE
1018 S_procself_val(aTHX_ GvSV(tmpgv), PL_origargv[0]);
1021 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv), os2_execname(aTHX));
1023 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv),PL_origargv[0]);
1030 =for apidoc perl_parse
1032 Tells a Perl interpreter to parse a Perl script. See L<perlembed>.
1038 perl_parse(pTHXx_ XSINIT_t xsinit, int argc, char **argv, char **env)
1044 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
1047 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "suidperl is no longer needed since the kernel can now execute\n\
1048 setuid perl scripts securely.\n");
1049 #endif /* IAMSUID */
1052 #if defined(USE_HASH_SEED) || defined(USE_HASH_SEED_EXPLICIT)
1053 /* [perl #22371] Algorimic Complexity Attack on Perl 5.6.1, 5.8.0
1054 * This MUST be done before any hash stores or fetches take place.
1055 * If you set PL_rehash_seed (and assumedly also PL_rehash_seed_set)
1056 * yourself, it is your responsibility to provide a good random seed!
1057 * You can also define PERL_HASH_SEED in compile time, see hv.h. */
1058 if (!PL_rehash_seed_set)
1059 PL_rehash_seed = get_hash_seed();
1061 char *s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_HASH_SEED_DEBUG");
1067 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "HASH_SEED = %"UVuf"\n",
1071 #endif /* #if defined(USE_HASH_SEED) || defined(USE_HASH_SEED_EXPLICIT) */
1077 /* Set PL_origalen be the sum of the contiguous argv[]
1078 * elements plus the size of the env in case that it is
1079 * contiguous with the argv[]. This is used in mg.c:Perl_magic_set()
1080 * as the maximum modifiable length of $0. In the worst case
1081 * the area we are able to modify is limited to the size of
1082 * the original argv[0]. (See below for 'contiguous', though.)
1084 const char *s = NULL;
1087 ~(UV)(PTRSIZE == 4 ? 3 : PTRSIZE == 8 ? 7 : PTRSIZE == 16 ? 15 : 0);
1088 /* Do the mask check only if the args seem like aligned. */
1090 (mask < ~(UV)0) && ((PTR2UV(argv[0]) & mask) == PTR2UV(argv[0]));
1092 /* See if all the arguments are contiguous in memory. Note
1093 * that 'contiguous' is a loose term because some platforms
1094 * align the argv[] and the envp[]. If the arguments look
1095 * like non-aligned, assume that they are 'strictly' or
1096 * 'traditionally' contiguous. If the arguments look like
1097 * aligned, we just check that they are within aligned
1098 * PTRSIZE bytes. As long as no system has something bizarre
1099 * like the argv[] interleaved with some other data, we are
1100 * fine. (Did I just evoke Murphy's Law?) --jhi */
1101 if (PL_origargv && PL_origargc >= 1 && (s = PL_origargv[0])) {
1103 for (i = 1; i < PL_origargc; i++) {
1104 if ((PL_origargv[i] == s + 1
1106 || PL_origargv[i] == s + 2
1111 (PL_origargv[i] > s &&
1113 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1123 /* Can we grab env area too to be used as the area for $0? */
1124 if (PL_origenviron) {
1125 if ((PL_origenviron[0] == s + 1
1127 || (PL_origenviron[0] == s + 9 && (s += 8))
1132 (PL_origenviron[0] > s &&
1133 PL_origenviron[0] <=
1134 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1138 s = PL_origenviron[0];
1141 my_setenv("NoNe SuCh", Nullch);
1142 /* Force copy of environment. */
1143 for (i = 1; PL_origenviron[i]; i++) {
1144 if (PL_origenviron[i] == s + 1
1147 (PL_origenviron[i] > s &&
1148 PL_origenviron[i] <=
1149 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1152 s = PL_origenviron[i];
1160 PL_origalen = s - PL_origargv[0] + 1;
1165 /* Come here if running an undumped a.out. */
1167 PL_origfilename = savepv(argv[0]);
1168 PL_do_undump = FALSE;
1169 cxstack_ix = -1; /* start label stack again */
1171 assert (!PL_tainted);
1173 S_set_caret_X(aTHX);
1175 init_postdump_symbols(argc,argv,env);
1180 op_free(PL_main_root);
1181 PL_main_root = Nullop;
1183 PL_main_start = Nullop;
1184 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_main_cv);
1185 PL_main_cv = Nullcv;
1188 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
1189 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_OFF;
1194 parse_body(env,xsinit);
1196 call_list(oldscope, PL_checkav);
1203 /* my_exit() was called */
1204 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
1207 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
1209 call_list(oldscope, PL_checkav);
1210 ret = STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
1213 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: top_env\n");
1222 S_parse_body(pTHX_ char **env, XSINIT_t xsinit)
1224 int argc = PL_origargc;
1225 char **argv = PL_origargv;
1226 const char *scriptname = NULL;
1227 VOL bool dosearch = FALSE;
1228 const char *validarg = "";
1231 const char *cddir = Nullch;
1232 bool minus_f = FALSE;
1236 sv_setpvn(PL_linestr,"",0);
1237 sv = newSVpvn("",0); /* first used for -I flags */
1241 for (argc--,argv++; argc > 0; argc--,argv++) {
1242 if (argv[0][0] != '-' || !argv[0][1])
1246 validarg = " PHOOEY ";
1250 * Can we rely on the kernel to start scripts with argv[1] set to
1251 * contain all #! line switches (the whole line)? (argv[0] is set to
1252 * the interpreter name, argv[2] to the script name; argv[3] and
1253 * above may contain other arguments.)
1260 #ifndef PERL_STRICT_CR
1285 if ((s = moreswitches(s)))
1290 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('t');
1291 if( !PL_tainting ) {
1292 PL_taint_warn = TRUE;
1298 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('T');
1300 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
1305 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1306 /* ignore -e for Dev:Pseudo argument */
1307 if (argv[1] && !strcmp(argv[1], "Dev:Pseudo"))
1312 PL_e_script = newSVpvn("",0);
1313 filter_add(read_e_script, NULL);
1316 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, s);
1318 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, argv[1]);
1322 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No code specified for -e");
1323 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, "\n");
1331 case 'I': /* -I handled both here and in moreswitches() */
1333 if (!*++s && (s=argv[1]) != Nullch) {
1338 STRLEN len = strlen(s);
1339 p = savepvn(s, len);
1340 incpush(p, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE, FALSE);
1341 sv_catpvn(sv, "-I", 2);
1342 sv_catpvn(sv, p, len);
1343 sv_catpvn(sv, " ", 1);
1347 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No directory specified for -I");
1351 PL_preprocess = TRUE;
1361 PL_preambleav = newAV();
1362 av_push(PL_preambleav, newSVpv("use Config qw(myconfig config_vars)",0));
1366 PL_Sv = newSVpv("print myconfig();",0);
1368 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"print \"\\nCharacteristics of this PERLSHR image: \\n\",");
1370 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"print \"\\nCharacteristics of this binary (from libperl): \\n\",");
1372 opts = SvCUR(PL_Sv);
1374 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"\" Compile-time options:");
1376 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," DEBUGGING");
1378 # ifdef MULTIPLICITY
1379 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," MULTIPLICITY");
1381 # ifdef USE_5005THREADS
1382 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_5005THREADS");
1384 # ifdef USE_ITHREADS
1385 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_ITHREADS");
1387 # ifdef USE_64_BIT_INT
1388 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_64_BIT_INT");
1390 # ifdef USE_64_BIT_ALL
1391 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_64_BIT_ALL");
1393 # ifdef USE_LONG_DOUBLE
1394 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_LONG_DOUBLE");
1396 # ifdef USE_LARGE_FILES
1397 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_LARGE_FILES");
1400 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_SOCKS");
1402 # ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
1403 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_SITECUSTOMIZE");
1405 # ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
1406 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT");
1408 # ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
1409 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS");
1412 while (SvCUR(PL_Sv) > opts+76) {
1413 /* find last space after "options: " and before col 76 */
1416 char *pv = SvPV_nolen(PL_Sv);
1417 const char c = pv[opts+76];
1419 space = strrchr(pv+opts+26, ' ');
1421 if (!space) break; /* "Can't happen" */
1423 /* break the line before that space */
1426 sv_insert(PL_Sv, opts, 0,
1430 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"\\n\",");
1432 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
1433 if (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT > 0) {
1435 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"\" Locally applied patches:\\n\",");
1436 for (i = 1; i <= LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT; i++) {
1437 if (PL_localpatches[i])
1438 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ PL_Sv,"q%c\t%s\n%c,",
1439 0, PL_localpatches[i], 0);
1443 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ PL_Sv,"\" Built under %s\\n\"",OSNAME);
1446 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ PL_Sv,",\" Compiled at %s %s\\n\"",__DATE__,__TIME__);
1448 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ PL_Sv,",\" Compiled on %s\\n\"",__DATE__);
1451 sv_catpv(PL_Sv, "; \
1453 @env = map { \"$_=\\\"$ENV{$_}\\\"\" } sort grep {/^PERL/} keys %ENV; ");
1456 push @env, \"CYGWIN=\\\"$ENV{CYGWIN}\\\"\";");
1459 print \" \\%ENV:\\n @env\\n\" if @env; \
1460 print \" \\@INC:\\n @INC\\n\";");
1463 PL_Sv = newSVpv("config_vars(qw(",0);
1464 sv_catpv(PL_Sv, ++s);
1465 sv_catpv(PL_Sv, "))");
1468 av_push(PL_preambleav, PL_Sv);
1469 scriptname = BIT_BUCKET; /* don't look for script or read stdin */
1472 PL_doextract = TRUE;
1480 if (!*++s || isSPACE(*s)) {
1484 /* catch use of gnu style long options */
1485 if (strEQ(s, "version")) {
1489 if (strEQ(s, "help")) {
1496 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Unrecognized switch: -%s (-h will show valid options)",s);
1502 #ifndef SECURE_INTERNAL_GETENV
1505 (s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL5OPT")))
1507 const char *popt = s;
1510 if (*s == '-' && *(s+1) == 'T') {
1511 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('T');
1513 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
1516 char *popt_copy = Nullch;
1529 if (!strchr("DIMUdmtwA", *s))
1530 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Illegal switch in PERL5OPT: -%c", *s);
1534 popt_copy = SvPVX(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(popt,0)));
1535 s = popt_copy + (s - popt);
1536 d = popt_copy + (d - popt);
1543 if( !PL_tainting ) {
1544 PL_taint_warn = TRUE;
1554 #ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
1557 PL_preambleav = newAV();
1558 av_unshift(PL_preambleav, 1);
1559 (void)av_store(PL_preambleav, 0, Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "BEGIN { do '%s/sitecustomize.pl' }", SITELIB_EXP));
1563 if (PL_taint_warn && PL_dowarn != G_WARN_ALL_OFF) {
1564 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = newSVpvn(WARN_TAINTstring, WARNsize);
1568 scriptname = argv[0];
1571 scriptname = BIT_BUCKET; /* don't look for script or read stdin */
1573 else if (scriptname == Nullch) {
1575 if ( PerlLIO_isatty(PerlIO_fileno(PerlIO_stdin())) )
1581 /* Set $^X early so that it can be used for relocatable paths in @INC */
1582 assert (!PL_tainted);
1584 S_set_caret_X(aTHX);
1588 open_script(scriptname,dosearch,sv);
1590 validate_suid(validarg, scriptname);
1593 #if defined(SIGCHLD) || defined(SIGCLD)
1596 # define SIGCHLD SIGCLD
1598 Sighandler_t sigstate = rsignal_state(SIGCHLD);
1599 if (sigstate == SIG_IGN) {
1600 if (ckWARN(WARN_SIGNAL))
1601 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_SIGNAL),
1602 "Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default");
1603 (void)rsignal(SIGCHLD, (Sighandler_t)SIG_DFL);
1609 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1610 if (PL_doextract || gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
1615 if (cddir && PerlDir_chdir( (char *)cddir ) < 0)
1616 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't chdir to %s",cddir);
1620 PL_main_cv = PL_compcv = (CV*)NEWSV(1104,0);
1621 sv_upgrade((SV *)PL_compcv, SVt_PVCV);
1622 CvUNIQUE_on(PL_compcv);
1624 CvPADLIST(PL_compcv) = pad_new(0);
1625 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
1626 CvOWNER(PL_compcv) = 0;
1627 New(666, CvMUTEXP(PL_compcv), 1, perl_mutex);
1628 MUTEX_INIT(CvMUTEXP(PL_compcv));
1629 #endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
1632 boot_core_UNIVERSAL();
1633 boot_core_xsutils();
1636 (*xsinit)(aTHX); /* in case linked C routines want magical variables */
1638 #if defined(VMS) || defined(WIN32) || defined(DJGPP) || defined(__CYGWIN__) || defined(EPOC)
1644 # ifdef HAS_SOCKS5_INIT
1645 socks5_init(argv[0]);
1651 init_predump_symbols();
1652 /* init_postdump_symbols not currently designed to be called */
1653 /* more than once (ENV isn't cleared first, for example) */
1654 /* But running with -u leaves %ENV & @ARGV undefined! XXX */
1656 init_postdump_symbols(argc,argv,env);
1658 /* PL_unicode is turned on by -C or by $ENV{PERL_UNICODE}.
1659 * PL_utf8locale is conditionally turned on by
1660 * locale.c:Perl_init_i18nl10n() if the environment
1661 * look like the user wants to use UTF-8. */
1663 /* Requires init_predump_symbols(). */
1664 if (!(PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_LOCALE_FLAG) || PL_utf8locale) {
1669 /* Turn on UTF-8-ness on STDIN, STDOUT, STDERR
1670 * and the default open disciplines. */
1671 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDIN_FLAG) &&
1672 PL_stdingv && (io = GvIO(PL_stdingv)) &&
1674 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
1675 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDOUT_FLAG) &&
1676 PL_defoutgv && (io = GvIO(PL_defoutgv)) &&
1678 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
1679 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDERR_FLAG) &&
1680 PL_stderrgv && (io = GvIO(PL_stderrgv)) &&
1682 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
1683 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_INOUT_FLAG) &&
1684 (sv = GvSV(gv_fetchpv("\017PEN", TRUE, SVt_PV)))) {
1685 U32 in = PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_IN_FLAG;
1686 U32 out = PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_OUT_FLAG;
1689 sv_setpvn(sv, ":utf8\0:utf8", 11);
1691 sv_setpvn(sv, ":utf8\0", 6);
1694 sv_setpvn(sv, "\0:utf8", 6);
1700 if ((s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_SIGNALS"))) {
1701 if (strEQ(s, "unsafe"))
1702 PL_signals |= PERL_SIGNALS_UNSAFE_FLAG;
1703 else if (strEQ(s, "safe"))
1704 PL_signals &= ~PERL_SIGNALS_UNSAFE_FLAG;
1706 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "PERL_SIGNALS illegal: \"%s\"", s);
1711 /* now parse the script */
1713 SETERRNO(0,SS_NORMAL);
1715 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1716 if (gMacPerl_SyntaxError = (yyparse() || PL_error_count)) {
1718 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s had compilation errors.\n", MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
1720 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Execution of %s aborted due to compilation errors.\n",
1721 MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
1725 if (yyparse() || PL_error_count) {
1727 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s had compilation errors.\n", PL_origfilename);
1729 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Execution of %s aborted due to compilation errors.\n",
1734 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, 0);
1735 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
1736 PL_preprocess = FALSE;
1738 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
1739 PL_e_script = Nullsv;
1746 SAVECOPFILE(PL_curcop);
1747 SAVECOPLINE(PL_curcop);
1748 gv_check(PL_defstash);
1755 if ((s=PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS")) && atoi(s) >= 2)
1756 dump_mstats("after compilation:");
1765 =for apidoc perl_run
1767 Tells a Perl interpreter to run. See L<perlembed>.
1779 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
1787 cxstack_ix = -1; /* start context stack again */
1789 case 0: /* normal completion */
1793 case 2: /* my_exit() */
1794 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
1797 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
1798 if (!(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_DESTRUCT_END) &&
1799 PL_endav && !PL_minus_c)
1800 call_list(oldscope, PL_endav);
1802 if (PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS"))
1803 dump_mstats("after execution: ");
1805 ret = STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
1809 POPSTACK_TO(PL_mainstack);
1812 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: restartop\n");
1824 S_run_body(pTHX_ I32 oldscope)
1826 DEBUG_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "%s $` $& $' support.\n",
1827 PL_sawampersand ? "Enabling" : "Omitting"));
1829 if (!PL_restartop) {
1830 DEBUG_x(dump_all());
1832 PERL_DEBUG(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "\nEXECUTING...\n\n"));
1833 DEBUG_S(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "main thread is 0x%"UVxf"\n",
1837 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1838 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "%s%s syntax OK\n",
1839 (gMacPerl_ErrorFormat ? "# " : ""),
1840 MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
1842 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "%s syntax OK\n", PL_origfilename);
1846 if (PERLDB_SINGLE && PL_DBsingle)
1847 sv_setiv(PL_DBsingle, 1);
1849 call_list(oldscope, PL_initav);
1855 PL_op = PL_restartop;
1859 else if (PL_main_start) {
1860 CvDEPTH(PL_main_cv) = 1;
1861 PL_op = PL_main_start;
1870 =head1 SV Manipulation Functions
1872 =for apidoc p||get_sv
1874 Returns the SV of the specified Perl scalar. If C<create> is set and the
1875 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
1876 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
1882 Perl_get_sv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
1885 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
1886 if (name[1] == '\0' && !isALPHA(name[0])) {
1887 PADOFFSET tmp = find_threadsv(name);
1888 if (tmp != NOT_IN_PAD)
1889 return THREADSV(tmp);
1891 #endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
1892 gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PV);
1899 =head1 Array Manipulation Functions
1901 =for apidoc p||get_av
1903 Returns the AV of the specified Perl array. If C<create> is set and the
1904 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
1905 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
1911 Perl_get_av(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
1913 GV* gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVAV);
1922 =head1 Hash Manipulation Functions
1924 =for apidoc p||get_hv
1926 Returns the HV of the specified Perl hash. If C<create> is set and the
1927 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
1928 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
1934 Perl_get_hv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
1936 GV* gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVHV);
1945 =head1 CV Manipulation Functions
1947 =for apidoc p||get_cv
1949 Returns the CV of the specified Perl subroutine. If C<create> is set and
1950 the Perl subroutine does not exist then it will be declared (which has the
1951 same effect as saying C<sub name;>). If C<create> is not set and the
1952 subroutine does not exist then NULL is returned.
1958 Perl_get_cv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
1960 GV* gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVCV);
1961 /* XXX unsafe for threads if eval_owner isn't held */
1962 /* XXX this is probably not what they think they're getting.
1963 * It has the same effect as "sub name;", i.e. just a forward
1965 if (create && !GvCVu(gv))
1966 return newSUB(start_subparse(FALSE, 0),
1967 newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSVpv(name,0)),
1975 /* Be sure to refetch the stack pointer after calling these routines. */
1979 =head1 Callback Functions
1981 =for apidoc p||call_argv
1983 Performs a callback to the specified Perl sub. See L<perlcall>.
1989 Perl_call_argv(pTHX_ const char *sub_name, I32 flags, register char **argv)
1991 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
1992 /* null terminated arg list */
1999 XPUSHs(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(*argv,0)));
2004 return call_pv(sub_name, flags);
2008 =for apidoc p||call_pv
2010 Performs a callback to the specified Perl sub. See L<perlcall>.
2016 Perl_call_pv(pTHX_ const char *sub_name, I32 flags)
2017 /* name of the subroutine */
2018 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2020 return call_sv((SV*)get_cv(sub_name, TRUE), flags);
2024 =for apidoc p||call_method
2026 Performs a callback to the specified Perl method. The blessed object must
2027 be on the stack. See L<perlcall>.
2033 Perl_call_method(pTHX_ const char *methname, I32 flags)
2034 /* name of the subroutine */
2035 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2037 return call_sv(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(methname,0)), flags | G_METHOD);
2040 /* May be called with any of a CV, a GV, or an SV containing the name. */
2042 =for apidoc p||call_sv
2044 Performs a callback to the Perl sub whose name is in the SV. See
2051 Perl_call_sv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
2052 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2055 LOGOP myop; /* fake syntax tree node */
2058 volatile I32 retval = 0;
2060 bool oldcatch = CATCH_GET;
2065 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2070 Zero(&myop, 1, LOGOP);
2071 myop.op_next = Nullop;
2072 if (!(flags & G_NOARGS))
2073 myop.op_flags |= OPf_STACKED;
2074 myop.op_flags |= ((flags & G_VOID) ? OPf_WANT_VOID :
2075 (flags & G_ARRAY) ? OPf_WANT_LIST :
2080 EXTEND(PL_stack_sp, 1);
2081 *++PL_stack_sp = sv;
2083 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
2085 if (PERLDB_SUB && PL_curstash != PL_debstash
2086 /* Handle first BEGIN of -d. */
2087 && (PL_DBcv || (PL_DBcv = GvCV(PL_DBsub)))
2088 /* Try harder, since this may have been a sighandler, thus
2089 * curstash may be meaningless. */
2090 && (SvTYPE(sv) != SVt_PVCV || CvSTASH((CV*)sv) != PL_debstash)
2091 && !(flags & G_NODEBUG))
2092 PL_op->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_DB;
2094 if (flags & G_METHOD) {
2095 Zero(&method_op, 1, UNOP);
2096 method_op.op_next = PL_op;
2097 method_op.op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_METHOD];
2098 myop.op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_ENTERSUB];
2099 PL_op = (OP*)&method_op;
2102 if (!(flags & G_EVAL)) {
2104 call_body((OP*)&myop, FALSE);
2105 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2106 CATCH_SET(oldcatch);
2109 myop.op_other = (OP*)&myop;
2111 /* we're trying to emulate pp_entertry() here */
2113 register PERL_CONTEXT *cx;
2114 I32 gimme = GIMME_V;
2119 PUSHBLOCK(cx, (CXt_EVAL|CXp_TRYBLOCK), PL_stack_sp);
2121 PL_eval_root = PL_op; /* Only needed so that goto works right. */
2123 PL_in_eval = EVAL_INEVAL;
2124 if (flags & G_KEEPERR)
2125 PL_in_eval |= EVAL_KEEPERR;
2135 call_body((OP*)&myop, FALSE);
2136 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2137 if (!(flags & G_KEEPERR))
2144 /* my_exit() was called */
2145 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2148 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED))
2149 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Callback called exit");
2154 PL_op = PL_restartop;
2158 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2159 if (flags & G_ARRAY)
2163 *++PL_stack_sp = &PL_sv_undef;
2168 if (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope) {
2172 register PERL_CONTEXT *cx;
2183 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2184 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2194 S_call_body(pTHX_ const OP *myop, bool is_eval)
2196 if (PL_op == myop) {
2198 PL_op = Perl_pp_entereval(aTHX); /* this doesn't do a POPMARK */
2200 PL_op = Perl_pp_entersub(aTHX); /* this does */
2206 /* Eval a string. The G_EVAL flag is always assumed. */
2209 =for apidoc p||eval_sv
2211 Tells Perl to C<eval> the string in the SV.
2217 Perl_eval_sv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
2219 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2222 UNOP myop; /* fake syntax tree node */
2223 volatile I32 oldmark = SP - PL_stack_base;
2224 volatile I32 retval = 0;
2230 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2237 Zero(PL_op, 1, UNOP);
2238 EXTEND(PL_stack_sp, 1);
2239 *++PL_stack_sp = sv;
2240 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
2242 if (!(flags & G_NOARGS))
2243 myop.op_flags = OPf_STACKED;
2244 myop.op_next = Nullop;
2245 myop.op_type = OP_ENTEREVAL;
2246 myop.op_flags |= ((flags & G_VOID) ? OPf_WANT_VOID :
2247 (flags & G_ARRAY) ? OPf_WANT_LIST :
2249 if (flags & G_KEEPERR)
2250 myop.op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL;
2252 /* fail now; otherwise we could fail after the JMPENV_PUSH but
2253 * before a PUSHEVAL, which corrupts the stack after a croak */
2254 TAINT_PROPER("eval_sv()");
2260 call_body((OP*)&myop,TRUE);
2261 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2262 if (!(flags & G_KEEPERR))
2269 /* my_exit() was called */
2270 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2273 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED))
2274 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Callback called exit");
2279 PL_op = PL_restartop;
2283 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2284 if (flags & G_ARRAY)
2288 *++PL_stack_sp = &PL_sv_undef;
2294 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2295 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2305 =for apidoc p||eval_pv
2307 Tells Perl to C<eval> the given string and return an SV* result.
2313 Perl_eval_pv(pTHX_ const char *p, I32 croak_on_error)
2316 SV* sv = newSVpv(p, 0);
2318 eval_sv(sv, G_SCALAR);
2325 if (croak_on_error && SvTRUE(ERRSV)) {
2327 Perl_croak(aTHX_ SvPVx(ERRSV, n_a));
2333 /* Require a module. */
2336 =head1 Embedding Functions
2338 =for apidoc p||require_pv
2340 Tells Perl to C<require> the file named by the string argument. It is
2341 analogous to the Perl code C<eval "require '$file'">. It's even
2342 implemented that way; consider using load_module instead.
2347 Perl_require_pv(pTHX_ const char *pv)
2351 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_REQUIRE);
2353 sv = sv_newmortal();
2354 sv_setpv(sv, "require '");
2357 eval_sv(sv, G_DISCARD);
2363 Perl_magicname(pTHX_ const char *sym, const char *name, I32 namlen)
2367 if ((gv = gv_fetchpv(sym,TRUE, SVt_PV)))
2368 sv_magic(GvSV(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, namlen);
2372 S_usage(pTHX_ const char *name) /* XXX move this out into a module ? */
2374 /* This message really ought to be max 23 lines.
2375 * Removed -h because the user already knows that option. Others? */
2377 static const char *usage_msg[] = {
2378 "-0[octal] specify record separator (\\0, if no argument)",
2379 "-a autosplit mode with -n or -p (splits $_ into @F)",
2380 "-C[number/list] enables the listed Unicode features",
2381 "-c check syntax only (runs BEGIN and CHECK blocks)",
2382 "-d[:debugger] run program under debugger",
2383 "-D[number/list] set debugging flags (argument is a bit mask or alphabets)",
2384 "-e program one line of program (several -e's allowed, omit programfile)",
2385 "-f don't do $sitelib/sitecustomize.pl at startup",
2386 "-F/pattern/ split() pattern for -a switch (//'s are optional)",
2387 "-i[extension] edit <> files in place (makes backup if extension supplied)",
2388 "-Idirectory specify @INC/#include directory (several -I's allowed)",
2389 "-l[octal] enable line ending processing, specifies line terminator",
2390 "-[mM][-]module execute `use/no module...' before executing program",
2391 "-n assume 'while (<>) { ... }' loop around program",
2392 "-p assume loop like -n but print line also, like sed",
2393 "-P run program through C preprocessor before compilation",
2394 "-s enable rudimentary parsing for switches after programfile",
2395 "-S look for programfile using PATH environment variable",
2396 "-t enable tainting warnings",
2397 "-T enable tainting checks",
2398 "-u dump core after parsing program",
2399 "-U allow unsafe operations",
2400 "-v print version, subversion (includes VERY IMPORTANT perl info)",
2401 "-V[:variable] print configuration summary (or a single Config.pm variable)",
2402 "-w enable many useful warnings (RECOMMENDED)",
2403 "-W enable all warnings",
2404 "-x[directory] strip off text before #!perl line and perhaps cd to directory",
2405 "-X disable all warnings",
2409 const char **p = usage_msg;
2411 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2412 "\nUsage: %s [switches] [--] [programfile] [arguments]",
2415 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(), "\n %s", *p++);
2418 /* convert a string of -D options (or digits) into an int.
2419 * sets *s to point to the char after the options */
2423 Perl_get_debug_opts(pTHX_ const char **s, bool givehelp)
2425 static const char *usage_msgd[] = {
2426 " Debugging flag values: (see also -d)",
2427 " p Tokenizing and parsing (with v, displays parse stack)",
2428 " s Stack snapshots (with v, displays all stacks)",
2429 " l Context (loop) stack processing",
2430 " t Trace execution",
2431 " o Method and overloading resolution",
2432 " c String/numeric conversions",
2433 " P Print profiling info, preprocessor command for -P, source file input state",
2434 " m Memory allocation",
2435 " f Format processing",
2436 " r Regular expression parsing and execution",
2437 " x Syntax tree dump",
2438 " u Tainting checks",
2439 " H Hash dump -- usurps values()",
2440 " X Scratchpad allocation",
2442 " S Thread synchronization",
2444 " R Include reference counts of dumped variables (eg when using -Ds)",
2445 " J Do not s,t,P-debug (Jump over) opcodes within package DB",
2446 " v Verbose: use in conjunction with other flags",
2448 " A Consistency checks on internal structures",
2449 " q quiet - currently only suppresses the 'EXECUTING' message",
2454 /* if adding extra options, remember to update DEBUG_MASK */
2455 static const char debopts[] = "psltocPmfrxu HXDSTRJvCAq";
2457 for (; isALNUM(**s); (*s)++) {
2458 const char *d = strchr(debopts,**s);
2460 i |= 1 << (d - debopts);
2461 else if (ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
2462 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
2463 "invalid option -D%c, use -D'' to see choices\n", **s);
2466 else if (isDIGIT(**s)) {
2468 for (; isALNUM(**s); (*s)++) ;
2470 else if (givehelp) {
2471 const char **p = usage_msgd;
2472 while (*p) PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(), "%s\n", *p++);
2475 if ((i & DEBUG_p_FLAG) && ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
2476 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
2477 "-Dp not implemented on this platform\n");
2483 /* This routine handles any switches that can be given during run */
2486 Perl_moreswitches(pTHX_ char *s)
2496 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rs);
2497 if (s[1] == 'x' && s[2]) {
2501 for (s += 2, e = s; *e; e++);
2503 flags = PERL_SCAN_SILENT_ILLDIGIT;
2504 rschar = (U32)grok_hex(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
2505 if (s + numlen < e) {
2506 rschar = 0; /* Grandfather -0xFOO as -0 -xFOO. */
2510 PL_rs = newSVpvn("", 0);
2511 SvGROW(PL_rs, (STRLEN)(UNISKIP(rschar) + 1));
2512 tmps = (U8*)SvPVX(PL_rs);
2513 uvchr_to_utf8(tmps, rschar);
2514 SvCUR_set(PL_rs, UNISKIP(rschar));
2519 rschar = (U32)grok_oct(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
2520 if (rschar & ~((U8)~0))
2521 PL_rs = &PL_sv_undef;
2522 else if (!rschar && numlen >= 2)
2523 PL_rs = newSVpvn("", 0);
2525 char ch = (char)rschar;
2526 PL_rs = newSVpvn(&ch, 1);
2529 sv_setsv(get_sv("/", TRUE), PL_rs);
2534 PL_unicode = parse_unicode_opts( (const char **)&s );
2539 while (*s && !isSPACE(*s)) ++s;
2541 PL_splitstr = savepv(PL_splitstr);
2555 /* -dt indicates to the debugger that threads will be used */
2556 if (*s == 't' && !isALNUM(s[1])) {
2558 my_setenv("PERL5DB_THREADED", "1");
2561 /* The following permits -d:Mod to accepts arguments following an =
2562 in the fashion that -MSome::Mod does. */
2563 if (*s == ':' || *s == '=') {
2566 sv = newSVpv("use Devel::", 0);
2568 /* We now allow -d:Module=Foo,Bar */
2569 while(isALNUM(*s) || *s==':') ++s;
2571 sv_catpv(sv, start);
2573 sv_catpvn(sv, start, s-start);
2574 sv_catpv(sv, " split(/,/,q{");
2579 my_setenv("PERL5DB", SvPV(sv, PL_na));
2582 PL_perldb = PERLDB_ALL;
2591 PL_debug = get_debug_opts( (const char **)&s, 1) | DEBUG_TOP_FLAG;
2592 #else /* !DEBUGGING */
2593 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
2594 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
2595 "Recompile perl with -DDEBUGGING to use -D switch (did you mean -d ?)\n");
2596 for (s++; isALNUM(*s); s++) ;
2602 usage(PL_origargv[0]);
2606 Safefree(PL_inplace);
2607 #if defined(__CYGWIN__) /* do backup extension automagically */
2608 if (*(s+1) == '\0') {
2609 PL_inplace = savepv(".bak");
2612 #endif /* __CYGWIN__ */
2613 PL_inplace = savepv(s+1);
2615 for (s = PL_inplace; *s && !isSPACE(*s); s++) ;
2618 if (*s == '-') /* Additional switches on #! line. */
2622 case 'I': /* -I handled both here and in parse_body() */
2625 while (*s && isSPACE(*s))
2630 /* ignore trailing spaces (possibly followed by other switches) */
2632 for (e = p; *e && !isSPACE(*e); e++) ;
2636 } while (*p && *p != '-');
2637 e = savepvn(s, e-s);
2638 incpush(e, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE, FALSE);
2645 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No directory specified for -I");
2651 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ors_sv);
2656 PL_ors_sv = newSVpvn("\n",1);
2657 numlen = 3 + (*s == '0');
2658 *SvPVX(PL_ors_sv) = (char)grok_oct(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
2662 if (RsPARA(PL_rs)) {
2663 PL_ors_sv = newSVpvn("\n\n",2);
2666 PL_ors_sv = newSVsv(PL_rs);
2673 PL_preambleav = newAV();
2675 SV *sv = newSVpv("use assertions::activate split(/,/,q", 0);
2676 sv_catpvn(sv, "\0", 1); /* Use NUL as q//-delimiter. */
2678 sv_catpvn(sv, "\0)", 2);
2680 av_push(PL_preambleav, sv);
2683 av_push(PL_preambleav, newSVpvn("use assertions::activate",24));
2686 forbid_setid("-M"); /* XXX ? */
2689 forbid_setid("-m"); /* XXX ? */
2693 const char *use = "use ";
2694 /* -M-foo == 'no foo' */
2695 if (*s == '-') { use = "no "; ++s; }
2696 sv = newSVpv(use,0);
2698 /* We allow -M'Module qw(Foo Bar)' */
2699 while(isALNUM(*s) || *s==':') ++s;
2701 sv_catpv(sv, start);
2702 if (*(start-1) == 'm') {
2704 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use '%c' after -mname", *s);
2705 sv_catpv( sv, " ()");
2709 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Module name required with -%c option",
2711 sv_catpvn(sv, start, s-start);
2712 sv_catpv(sv, " split(/,/,q");
2713 sv_catpvn(sv, "\0)", 1); /* Use NUL as q//-delimiter. */
2715 sv_catpvn(sv, "\0)", 2);
2719 PL_preambleav = newAV();
2720 av_push(PL_preambleav, sv);
2723 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Missing argument to -%c", *(s-1));
2735 PL_doswitches = TRUE;
2749 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2750 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Believe me, you don't want to use \"-u\" on a Macintosh");
2752 PL_do_undump = TRUE;
2760 if (!sv_derived_from(PL_patchlevel, "version"))
2761 (void *)upg_version(PL_patchlevel);
2763 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2764 Perl_form(aTHX_ "\nThis is perl, v%"SVf" built for %s",
2765 vstringify(PL_patchlevel),
2768 /* Adjust verbose output as in the perl that ships with the DG/UX OS from EMC */
2769 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2770 Perl_form(aTHX_ "\nThis is perl, v%"SVf"\n",
2771 vstringify(PL_patchlevel)));
2772 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2773 Perl_form(aTHX_ " built under %s at %s %s\n",
2774 OSNAME, __DATE__, __TIME__));
2775 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2776 Perl_form(aTHX_ " OS Specific Release: %s\n",
2780 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
2781 if (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT > 0)
2782 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2783 "\n(with %d registered patch%s, "
2784 "see perl -V for more detail)",
2785 (int)LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT,
2786 (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT!=1) ? "es" : "");
2789 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2790 "\n\nCopyright 1987-2005, Larry Wall\n");
2791 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2792 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2793 "\nMac OS port Copyright 1991-2002, Matthias Neeracher;\n"
2794 "maintained by Chris Nandor\n");
2797 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2798 "\nMS-DOS port Copyright (c) 1989, 1990, Diomidis Spinellis\n");
2801 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2802 "djgpp v2 port (jpl5003c) by Hirofumi Watanabe, 1996\n"
2803 "djgpp v2 port (perl5004+) by Laszlo Molnar, 1997-1999\n");
2806 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2807 "\n\nOS/2 port Copyright (c) 1990, 1991, Raymond Chen, Kai Uwe Rommel\n"
2808 "Version 5 port Copyright (c) 1994-2002, Andreas Kaiser, Ilya Zakharevich\n");
2811 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2812 "atariST series port, ++jrb bammi@cadence.com\n");
2815 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2816 "BeOS port Copyright Tom Spindler, 1997-1999\n");
2819 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2820 "MPE/iX port Copyright by Mark Klein and Mark Bixby, 1996-2003\n");
2823 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2824 "MVS (OS390) port by Mortice Kern Systems, 1997-1999\n");
2827 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2828 "Stratus VOS port by Paul.Green@stratus.com, 1997-2002\n");
2831 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2832 "VM/ESA port by Neale Ferguson, 1998-1999\n");
2835 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2836 "BS2000 (POSIX) port by Start Amadeus GmbH, 1998-1999\n");
2839 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2840 "MiNT port by Guido Flohr, 1997-1999\n");
2843 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2844 "EPOC port by Olaf Flebbe, 1999-2002\n");
2847 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),"WINCE port by Rainer Keuchel, 2001-2002\n");
2848 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),"Built on " __DATE__ " " __TIME__ "\n\n");
2851 #ifdef BINARY_BUILD_NOTICE
2852 BINARY_BUILD_NOTICE;
2854 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2856 Perl may be copied only under the terms of either the Artistic License or the\n\
2857 GNU General Public License, which may be found in the Perl 5 source kit.\n\n\
2858 Complete documentation for Perl, including FAQ lists, should be found on\n\
2859 this system using `man perl' or `perldoc perl'. If you have access to the\n\
2860 Internet, point your browser at http://www.perl.org/, the Perl Home Page.\n\n");
2863 if (! (PL_dowarn & G_WARN_ALL_MASK))
2864 PL_dowarn |= G_WARN_ON;
2868 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_ALL_ON|G_WARN_ON;
2869 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
2870 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
2871 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = pWARN_ALL ;
2875 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_ALL_OFF;
2876 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
2877 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
2878 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = pWARN_NONE ;
2883 if (s[1] == '-') /* Additional switches on #! line. */
2888 #if defined(WIN32) || !defined(PERL_STRICT_CR)
2894 #ifdef ALTERNATE_SHEBANG
2895 case 'S': /* OS/2 needs -S on "extproc" line. */
2903 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't emulate -%.1s on #! line",s);
2908 /* compliments of Tom Christiansen */
2910 /* unexec() can be found in the Gnu emacs distribution */
2911 /* Known to work with -DUNEXEC and using unexelf.c from GNU emacs-20.2 */
2914 Perl_my_unexec(pTHX)
2922 prog = newSVpv(BIN_EXP, 0);
2923 sv_catpv(prog, "/perl");
2924 file = newSVpv(PL_origfilename, 0);
2925 sv_catpv(file, ".perldump");
2927 unexec(SvPVX(file), SvPVX(prog), &etext, sbrk(0), 0);
2928 /* unexec prints msg to stderr in case of failure */
2929 PerlProc_exit(status);
2932 # include <lib$routines.h>
2933 lib$signal(SS$_DEBUG); /* ssdef.h #included from vmsish.h */
2935 ABORT(); /* for use with undump */
2940 /* initialize curinterp */
2946 # define PERLVAR(var,type)
2947 # define PERLVARA(var,n,type)
2948 # if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
2949 # if defined(USE_5005THREADS)
2950 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
2951 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
2952 # else /* !USE_5005THREADS */
2953 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) aTHX->var = init;
2954 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) aTHX->var = init;
2955 # endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
2957 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
2958 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
2960 # include "intrpvar.h"
2961 # ifndef USE_5005THREADS
2962 # include "thrdvar.h"
2969 # define PERLVAR(var,type)
2970 # define PERLVARA(var,n,type)
2971 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PL_##var = init;
2972 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PL_##var = init;
2973 # include "intrpvar.h"
2974 # ifndef USE_5005THREADS
2975 # include "thrdvar.h"
2986 S_init_main_stash(pTHX)
2990 PL_curstash = PL_defstash = newHV();
2991 PL_curstname = newSVpvn("main",4);
2992 gv = gv_fetchpv("main::",TRUE, SVt_PVHV);
2993 SvREFCNT_dec(GvHV(gv));
2994 GvHV(gv) = (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(PL_defstash);
2996 HvNAME(PL_defstash) = savepvn("main", 4);
2997 PL_incgv = gv_HVadd(gv_AVadd(gv_fetchpv("INC",TRUE, SVt_PVAV)));
2998 GvMULTI_on(PL_incgv);
2999 PL_hintgv = gv_fetchpv("\010",TRUE, SVt_PV); /* ^H */
3000 GvMULTI_on(PL_hintgv);
3001 PL_defgv = gv_fetchpv("_",TRUE, SVt_PVAV);
3002 PL_errgv = gv_HVadd(gv_fetchpv("@", TRUE, SVt_PV));
3003 GvMULTI_on(PL_errgv);
3004 PL_replgv = gv_fetchpv("\022", TRUE, SVt_PV); /* ^R */
3005 GvMULTI_on(PL_replgv);
3006 (void)Perl_form(aTHX_ "%240s",""); /* Preallocate temp - for immediate signals. */
3007 sv_grow(ERRSV, 240); /* Preallocate - for immediate signals. */
3008 sv_setpvn(ERRSV, "", 0);
3009 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
3010 CopSTASH_set(&PL_compiling, PL_defstash);
3011 PL_debstash = GvHV(gv_fetchpv("DB::", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
3012 PL_globalstash = GvHV(gv_fetchpv("CORE::GLOBAL::", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
3013 /* We must init $/ before switches are processed. */
3014 sv_setpvn(get_sv("/", TRUE), "\n", 1);
3017 /* PSz 18 Nov 03 fdscript now global but do not change prototype */
3019 S_open_script(pTHX_ const char *scriptname, bool dosearch, SV *sv)
3024 const char *cpp_discard_flag;
3032 PL_origfilename = savepvn("-e", 2);
3035 /* if find_script() returns, it returns a malloc()-ed value */
3036 scriptname = PL_origfilename = find_script(scriptname, dosearch, NULL, 1);
3038 if (strnEQ(scriptname, "/dev/fd/", 8) && isDIGIT(scriptname[8]) ) {
3039 const char *s = scriptname + 8;
3040 PL_fdscript = atoi(s);
3045 * Tell apart "normal" usage of fdscript, e.g.
3046 * with bash on FreeBSD:
3047 * perl <( echo '#!perl -DA'; echo 'print "$0\n"')
3048 * from usage in suidperl.
3049 * Does any "normal" usage leave garbage after the number???
3050 * Is it a mistake to use a similar /dev/fd/ construct for
3055 * Be supersafe and do some sanity-checks.
3056 * Still, can we be sure we got the right thing?
3059 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Wrong syntax (suid) fd script name \"%s\"\n", s);
3062 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Missing (suid) fd script name\n");
3064 scriptname = savepv(s + 1);
3065 Safefree(PL_origfilename);
3066 PL_origfilename = (char *)scriptname;
3071 CopFILE_free(PL_curcop);
3072 CopFILE_set(PL_curcop, PL_origfilename);
3073 if (*PL_origfilename == '-' && PL_origfilename[1] == '\0')
3074 scriptname = (char *)"";
3075 if (PL_fdscript >= 0) {
3076 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_fdopen(PL_fdscript,PERL_SCRIPT_MODE);
3077 # if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3079 /* ensure close-on-exec */
3080 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,1);
3085 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "sperl needs fd script\n"
3086 "You should not call sperl directly; do you need to "
3087 "change a #! line\nfrom sperl to perl?\n");
3090 * Do not open (or do other fancy stuff) while setuid.
3091 * Perl does the open, and hands script to suidperl on a fd;
3092 * suidperl only does some checks, sets up UIDs and re-execs
3093 * perl with that fd as it has always done.
3096 if (PL_suidscript != 1) {
3097 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "suidperl needs (suid) fd script\n");
3100 else if (PL_preprocess) {
3101 const char *cpp_cfg = CPPSTDIN;
3102 SV *cpp = newSVpvn("",0);
3103 SV *cmd = NEWSV(0,0);
3105 if (cpp_cfg[0] == 0) /* PERL_MICRO? */
3106 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't run with cpp -P with CPPSTDIN undefined");
3107 if (strEQ(cpp_cfg, "cppstdin"))
3108 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ cpp, "%s/", BIN_EXP);
3109 sv_catpv(cpp, cpp_cfg);
3112 sv_catpvn(sv, "-I", 2);
3113 sv_catpv(sv,PRIVLIB_EXP);
3116 DEBUG_P(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3117 "PL_preprocess: scriptname=\"%s\", cpp=\"%s\", sv=\"%s\", CPPMINUS=\"%s\"\n",
3118 scriptname, SvPVX (cpp), SvPVX (sv), CPPMINUS));
3120 # if defined(MSDOS) || defined(WIN32) || defined(VMS)
3127 cpp_discard_flag = "";
3129 cpp_discard_flag = "-C";
3133 perl = os2_execname(aTHX);
3135 perl = PL_origargv[0];
3139 /* This strips off Perl comments which might interfere with
3140 the C pre-processor, including #!. #line directives are
3141 deliberately stripped to avoid confusion with Perl's version
3142 of #line. FWP played some golf with it so it will fit
3143 into VMS's 255 character buffer.
3146 code = "(1../^#!.*perl/i)|/^\\s*#(?!\\s*((ifn?|un)def|(el|end)?if|define|include|else|error|pragma)\\b)/||!($|=1)||print";
3148 code = "/^\\s*#(?!\\s*((ifn?|un)def|(el|end)?if|define|include|else|error|pragma)\\b)/||!($|=1)||print";
3150 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ cmd, "\
3151 %s -ne%s%s%s %s | %"SVf" %s %"SVf" %s",
3152 perl, quote, code, quote, scriptname, cpp,
3153 cpp_discard_flag, sv, CPPMINUS);
3155 PL_doextract = FALSE;
3157 DEBUG_P(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3158 "PL_preprocess: cmd=\"%s\"\n",
3161 PL_rsfp = PerlProc_popen(SvPVX(cmd), (char *)"r");
3165 else if (!*scriptname) {
3166 forbid_setid("program input from stdin");
3167 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_stdin();
3170 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_open(scriptname,PERL_SCRIPT_MODE);
3171 # if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3173 /* ensure close-on-exec */
3174 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,1);
3177 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3179 /* PSz 16 Sep 03 Keep neat error message */
3180 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't open perl script \"%s\": %s\n",
3181 CopFILE(PL_curcop), Strerror(errno));
3186 * I_SYSSTATVFS HAS_FSTATVFS
3188 * I_STATFS HAS_FSTATFS HAS_GETFSSTAT
3189 * I_MNTENT HAS_GETMNTENT HAS_HASMNTOPT
3190 * here so that metaconfig picks them up. */
3194 S_fd_on_nosuid_fs(pTHX_ int fd)
3197 * We used to do this as "plain" user (after swapping UIDs with setreuid);
3198 * but is needed also on machines without setreuid.
3199 * Seems safe enough to run as root.
3201 int check_okay = 0; /* able to do all the required sys/libcalls */
3202 int on_nosuid = 0; /* the fd is on a nosuid fs */
3204 * Need to check noexec also: nosuid might not be set, the average
3205 * sysadmin would say that nosuid is irrelevant once he sets noexec.
3207 int on_noexec = 0; /* the fd is on a noexec fs */
3210 * Preferred order: fstatvfs(), fstatfs(), ustat()+getmnt(), getmntent().
3211 * fstatvfs() is UNIX98.
3212 * fstatfs() is 4.3 BSD.
3213 * ustat()+getmnt() is pre-4.3 BSD.
3214 * getmntent() is O(number-of-mounted-filesystems) and can hang on
3215 * an irrelevant filesystem while trying to reach the right one.
3218 #undef FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY /* found the syscalls to do the check? */
3220 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3221 defined(HAS_FSTATVFS)
3222 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3223 struct statvfs stfs;
3225 check_okay = fstatvfs(fd, &stfs) == 0;
3226 on_nosuid = check_okay && (stfs.f_flag & ST_NOSUID);
3228 /* ST_NOEXEC certainly absent on AIX 5.1, and doesn't seem to be documented
3229 on platforms where it is present. */
3230 on_noexec = check_okay && (stfs.f_flag & ST_NOEXEC);
3232 # endif /* fstatvfs */
3234 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3235 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID) && \
3236 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC) && \
3237 defined(HAS_FSTATFS) && \
3238 defined(HAS_STRUCT_STATFS) && \
3239 defined(HAS_STRUCT_STATFS_F_FLAGS)
3240 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3243 check_okay = fstatfs(fd, &stfs) == 0;
3244 on_nosuid = check_okay && (stfs.f_flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID);
3245 on_noexec = check_okay && (stfs.f_flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC);
3246 # endif /* fstatfs */
3248 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3249 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID) && \
3250 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC) && \
3251 defined(HAS_FSTAT) && \
3252 defined(HAS_USTAT) && \
3253 defined(HAS_GETMNT) && \
3254 defined(HAS_STRUCT_FS_DATA) && \
3256 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3259 if (fstat(fd, &fdst) == 0) {
3261 if (ustat(fdst.st_dev, &us) == 0) {
3263 /* NOSTAT_ONE here because we're not examining fields which
3264 * vary between that case and STAT_ONE. */
3265 if (getmnt((int*)0, &fsd, (int)0, NOSTAT_ONE, us.f_fname) == 0) {
3266 size_t cmplen = sizeof(us.f_fname);
3267 if (sizeof(fsd.fd_req.path) < cmplen)
3268 cmplen = sizeof(fsd.fd_req.path);
3269 if (strnEQ(fsd.fd_req.path, us.f_fname, cmplen) &&
3270 fdst.st_dev == fsd.fd_req.dev) {
3272 on_nosuid = fsd.fd_req.flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID;
3273 on_noexec = fsd.fd_req.flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC;
3279 # endif /* fstat+ustat+getmnt */
3281 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3282 defined(HAS_GETMNTENT) && \
3283 defined(HAS_HASMNTOPT) && \
3284 defined(MNTOPT_NOSUID) && \
3285 defined(MNTOPT_NOEXEC)
3286 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3287 FILE *mtab = fopen("/etc/mtab", "r");
3288 struct mntent *entry;
3291 if (mtab && (fstat(fd, &stb) == 0)) {
3292 while (entry = getmntent(mtab)) {
3293 if (stat(entry->mnt_dir, &fsb) == 0
3294 && fsb.st_dev == stb.st_dev)
3296 /* found the filesystem */
3298 if (hasmntopt(entry, MNTOPT_NOSUID))
3300 if (hasmntopt(entry, MNTOPT_NOEXEC))
3303 } /* A single fs may well fail its stat(). */
3308 # endif /* getmntent+hasmntopt */
3311 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't check filesystem of script \"%s\" for nosuid/noexec", PL_origfilename);
3313 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script \"%s\" on nosuid filesystem", PL_origfilename);
3315 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script \"%s\" on noexec filesystem", PL_origfilename);
3316 return ((!check_okay) || on_nosuid || on_noexec);
3318 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3321 S_validate_suid(pTHX_ const char *validarg, const char *scriptname)
3325 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3327 /* do we need to emulate setuid on scripts? */
3329 /* This code is for those BSD systems that have setuid #! scripts disabled
3330 * in the kernel because of a security problem. Merely defining DOSUID
3331 * in perl will not fix that problem, but if you have disabled setuid
3332 * scripts in the kernel, this will attempt to emulate setuid and setgid
3333 * on scripts that have those now-otherwise-useless bits set. The setuid
3334 * root version must be called suidperl or sperlN.NNN. If regular perl
3335 * discovers that it has opened a setuid script, it calls suidperl with
3336 * the same argv that it had. If suidperl finds that the script it has
3337 * just opened is NOT setuid root, it sets the effective uid back to the
3338 * uid. We don't just make perl setuid root because that loses the
3339 * effective uid we had before invoking perl, if it was different from the
3342 * Description/comments above do not match current workings:
3343 * suidperl must be hardlinked to sperlN.NNN (that is what we exec);
3344 * suidperl called with script open and name changed to /dev/fd/N/X;
3345 * suidperl croaks if script is not setuid;
3346 * making perl setuid would be a huge security risk (and yes, that
3347 * would lose any euid we might have had).
3349 * DOSUID must be defined in both perl and suidperl, and IAMSUID must
3350 * be defined in suidperl only. suidperl must be setuid root. The
3351 * Configure script will set this up for you if you want it.
3357 if (PerlLIO_fstat(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),&PL_statbuf) < 0) /* normal stat is insecure */
3358 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't stat script \"%s\"",PL_origfilename);
3359 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & (S_ISUID|S_ISGID)) {
3364 if (PL_fdscript < 0 || PL_suidscript != 1)
3365 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Need (suid) fdscript in suidperl\n"); /* We already checked this */
3367 * Since the script is opened by perl, not suidperl, some of these
3368 * checks are superfluous. Leaving them in probably does not lower
3372 * Do checks even for systems with no HAS_SETREUID.
3373 * We used to swap, then re-swap UIDs with
3375 if (setreuid(PL_euid,PL_uid) < 0
3376 || PerlProc_getuid() != PL_euid || PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_uid)
3377 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't swap uid and euid");
3380 if (setreuid(PL_uid,PL_euid) < 0
3381 || PerlProc_getuid() != PL_uid || PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_euid)
3382 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't reswap uid and euid");
3386 /* On this access check to make sure the directories are readable,
3387 * there is actually a small window that the user could use to make
3388 * filename point to an accessible directory. So there is a faint
3389 * chance that someone could execute a setuid script down in a
3390 * non-accessible directory. I don't know what to do about that.
3391 * But I don't think it's too important. The manual lies when
3392 * it says access() is useful in setuid programs.
3394 * So, access() is pretty useless... but not harmful... do anyway.
3396 if (PerlLIO_access(CopFILE(PL_curcop),1)) { /*double check*/
3397 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't access() script\n");
3400 /* If we can swap euid and uid, then we can determine access rights
3401 * with a simple stat of the file, and then compare device and
3402 * inode to make sure we did stat() on the same file we opened.
3403 * Then we just have to make sure he or she can execute it.
3406 * As the script is opened by perl, not suidperl, we do not need to
3407 * care much about access rights.
3409 * The 'script changed' check is needed, or we can get lied to
3410 * about $0 with e.g.
3411 * suidperl /dev/fd/4//bin/x 4<setuidscript
3412 * Without HAS_SETREUID, is it safe to stat() as root?
3414 * Are there any operating systems that pass /dev/fd/xxx for setuid
3415 * scripts, as suggested/described in perlsec(1)? Surely they do not
3416 * pass the script name as we do, so the "script changed" test would
3417 * fail for them... but we never get here with
3418 * SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW defined.
3420 * This is one place where we must "lie" about return status: not
3421 * say if the stat() failed. We are doing this as root, and could
3422 * be tricked into reporting existence or not of files that the
3423 * "plain" user cannot even see.
3427 if (PerlLIO_stat(CopFILE(PL_curcop),&tmpstatbuf) < 0 ||
3428 tmpstatbuf.st_dev != PL_statbuf.st_dev ||
3429 tmpstatbuf.st_ino != PL_statbuf.st_ino) {
3430 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script changed\n");
3434 if (!cando(S_IXUSR,FALSE,&PL_statbuf)) /* can real uid exec? */
3435 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Real UID cannot exec script\n");
3438 * We used to do this check as the "plain" user (after swapping
3439 * UIDs). But the check for nosuid and noexec filesystem is needed,
3440 * and should be done even without HAS_SETREUID. (Maybe those
3441 * operating systems do not have such mount options anyway...)
3442 * Seems safe enough to do as root.
3444 #if !defined(NO_NOSUID_CHECK)
3445 if (fd_on_nosuid_fs(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp))) {
3446 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script on nosuid or noexec filesystem\n");
3449 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3451 if (!S_ISREG(PL_statbuf.st_mode)) {
3452 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script not plain file\n");
3454 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_IWOTH)
3455 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid/gid script is writable by world");
3456 PL_doswitches = FALSE; /* -s is insecure in suid */
3457 /* PSz 13 Nov 03 But -s was caught elsewhere ... so unsetting it here is useless(?!) */
3458 CopLINE_inc(PL_curcop);
3459 if (sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0) == Nullch ||
3460 strnNE(SvPV(PL_linestr,n_a),"#!",2) ) /* required even on Sys V */
3461 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No #! line");
3462 s = SvPV(PL_linestr,n_a)+2;
3464 /* Sanity check on line length */
3465 if (strlen(s) < 1 || strlen(s) > 4000)
3466 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Very long #! line");
3467 /* Allow more than a single space after #! */
3468 while (isSPACE(*s)) s++;
3469 /* Sanity check on buffer end */
3470 while ((*s) && !isSPACE(*s)) s++;
3471 for (s2 = s; (s2 > SvPV(PL_linestr,n_a)+2 &&
3472 (isDIGIT(s2[-1]) || s2[-1] == '.' || s2[-1] == '_'
3473 || s2[-1] == '-')); s2--) ;
3474 /* Sanity check on buffer start */
3475 if ( (s2-4 < SvPV(PL_linestr,n_a)+2 || strnNE(s2-4,"perl",4)) &&
3476 (s-9 < SvPV(PL_linestr,n_a)+2 || strnNE(s-9,"perl",4)) )
3477 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Not a perl script");
3478 while (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t') s++;
3480 * #! arg must be what we saw above. They can invoke it by
3481 * mentioning suidperl explicitly, but they may not add any strange
3482 * arguments beyond what #! says if they do invoke suidperl that way.
3485 * The way validarg was set up, we rely on the kernel to start
3486 * scripts with argv[1] set to contain all #! line switches (the
3490 * Check that we got all the arguments listed in the #! line (not
3491 * just that there are no extraneous arguments). Might not matter
3492 * much, as switches from #! line seem to be acted upon (also), and
3493 * so may be checked and trapped in perl. But, security checks must
3494 * be done in suidperl and not deferred to perl. Note that suidperl
3495 * does not get around to parsing (and checking) the switches on
3496 * the #! line (but execs perl sooner).
3497 * Allow (require) a trailing newline (which may be of two
3498 * characters on some architectures?) (but no other trailing
3501 len = strlen(validarg);
3502 if (strEQ(validarg," PHOOEY ") ||
3503 strnNE(s,validarg,len) || !isSPACE(s[len]) ||
3504 !(strlen(s) == len+1 || (strlen(s) == len+2 && isSPACE(s[len+1]))))
3505 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Args must match #! line");
3508 if (PL_fdscript < 0 &&
3509 PL_euid != PL_uid && (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID) &&
3510 PL_euid == PL_statbuf.st_uid)
3512 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "YOU HAVEN'T DISABLED SET-ID SCRIPTS IN THE KERNEL YET!\n\
3513 FIX YOUR KERNEL, OR PUT A C WRAPPER AROUND THIS SCRIPT!\n");
3514 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3516 if (PL_fdscript < 0 &&
3517 PL_euid) { /* oops, we're not the setuid root perl */
3519 * When root runs a setuid script, we do not go through the same
3520 * steps of execing sperl and then perl with fd scripts, but
3521 * simply set up UIDs within the same perl invocation; so do
3522 * not have the same checks (on options, whatever) that we have
3523 * for plain users. No problem really: would have to be a script
3524 * that does not actually work for plain users; and if root is
3525 * foolish and can be persuaded to run such an unsafe script, he
3526 * might run also non-setuid ones, and deserves what he gets.
3528 * Or, we might drop the PL_euid check above (and rely just on
3529 * PL_fdscript to avoid loops), and do the execs
3535 * Pass fd script to suidperl.
3536 * Exec suidperl, substituting fd script for scriptname.
3537 * Pass script name as "subdir" of fd, which perl will grok;
3538 * in fact will use that to distinguish this from "normal"
3539 * usage, see comments above.
3541 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
3542 PerlLIO_lseek(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),(Off_t)0,0); /* just in case rewind didn't */
3543 /* PSz 27 Feb 04 Sanity checks on scriptname */
3544 if ((!scriptname) || (!*scriptname) ) {
3545 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No setuid script name\n");
3547 if (*scriptname == '-') {
3548 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script name may not begin with dash\n");
3549 /* Or we might confuse it with an option when replacing
3550 * name in argument list, below (though we do pointer, not
3551 * string, comparisons).
3554 for (which = 1; PL_origargv[which] && PL_origargv[which] != scriptname; which++) ;
3555 if (!PL_origargv[which]) {
3556 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't change argv to have fd script\n");
3558 PL_origargv[which] = savepv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "/dev/fd/%d/%s",
3559 PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp), PL_origargv[which]));
3560 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3561 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,0); /* ensure no close-on-exec */
3564 PerlProc_execv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s/sperl"PERL_FS_VER_FMT, BIN_EXP,
3565 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
3566 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION), PL_origargv);
3568 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3569 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setuid (cannot exec sperl)\n");
3572 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISGID && PL_statbuf.st_gid != PL_egid) {
3574 * This seems back to front: we try HAS_SETEGID first; if not available
3575 * then try HAS_SETREGID; as a last chance we try HAS_SETRESGID. May be OK
3576 * in the sense that we only want to set EGID; but are there any machines
3577 * with either of the latter, but not the former? Same with UID, later.
3580 (void)setegid(PL_statbuf.st_gid);
3583 (void)setregid((Gid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_gid);
3585 #ifdef HAS_SETRESGID
3586 (void)setresgid((Gid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_gid,(Gid_t)-1);
3588 PerlProc_setgid(PL_statbuf.st_gid);
3592 if (PerlProc_getegid() != PL_statbuf.st_gid)
3593 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setegid!\n");
3595 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID) {
3596 if (PL_statbuf.st_uid != PL_euid)
3598 (void)seteuid(PL_statbuf.st_uid); /* all that for this */
3601 (void)setreuid((Uid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_uid);
3603 #ifdef HAS_SETRESUID
3604 (void)setresuid((Uid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_uid,(Uid_t)-1);
3606 PerlProc_setuid(PL_statbuf.st_uid);
3610 if (PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_statbuf.st_uid)
3611 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do seteuid!\n");
3613 else if (PL_uid) { /* oops, mustn't run as root */
3615 (void)seteuid((Uid_t)PL_uid);
3618 (void)setreuid((Uid_t)-1,(Uid_t)PL_uid);
3620 #ifdef HAS_SETRESUID
3621 (void)setresuid((Uid_t)-1,(Uid_t)PL_uid,(Uid_t)-1);
3623 PerlProc_setuid((Uid_t)PL_uid);
3627 if (PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_uid)
3628 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do seteuid!\n");
3631 if (!cando(S_IXUSR,TRUE,&PL_statbuf))
3632 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Effective UID cannot exec script\n"); /* they can't do this */
3635 else if (PL_preprocess) /* PSz 13 Nov 03 Caught elsewhere, useless(?!) here */
3636 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "-P not allowed for setuid/setgid script\n");
3637 else if (PL_fdscript < 0 || PL_suidscript != 1)
3638 /* PSz 13 Nov 03 Caught elsewhere, useless(?!) here */
3639 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "(suid) fdscript needed in suidperl\n");
3641 /* PSz 16 Sep 03 Keep neat error message */
3642 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Script is not setuid/setgid in suidperl\n");
3645 /* We absolutely must clear out any saved ids here, so we */
3646 /* exec the real perl, substituting fd script for scriptname. */
3647 /* (We pass script name as "subdir" of fd, which perl will grok.) */
3649 * It might be thought that using setresgid and/or setresuid (changed to
3650 * set the saved IDs) above might obviate the need to exec, and we could
3651 * go on to "do the perl thing".
3653 * Is there such a thing as "saved GID", and is that set for setuid (but
3654 * not setgid) execution like suidperl? Without exec, it would not be
3655 * cleared for setuid (but not setgid) scripts (or might need a dummy
3658 * We need suidperl to do the exact same argument checking that perl
3659 * does. Thus it cannot be very small; while it could be significantly
3660 * smaller, it is safer (simpler?) to make it essentially the same
3661 * binary as perl (but they are not identical). - Maybe could defer that
3662 * check to the invoked perl, and suidperl be a tiny wrapper instead;
3663 * but prefer to do thorough checks in suidperl itself. Such deferral
3664 * would make suidperl security rely on perl, a design no-no.
3666 * Setuid things should be short and simple, thus easy to understand and
3667 * verify. They should do their "own thing", without influence by
3668 * attackers. It may help if their internal execution flow is fixed,
3669 * regardless of platform: it may be best to exec anyway.
3671 * Suidperl should at least be conceptually simple: a wrapper only,
3672 * never to do any real perl. Maybe we should put
3674 * Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Suidperl should never do real perl\n");
3676 * into the perly bits.
3678 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
3679 PerlLIO_lseek(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),(Off_t)0,0); /* just in case rewind didn't */
3681 * Keep original arguments: suidperl already has fd script.
3683 /* for (which = 1; PL_origargv[which] && PL_origargv[which] != scriptname; which++) ; */
3684 /* if (!PL_origargv[which]) { */
3685 /* errno = EPERM; */
3686 /* Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Permission denied\n"); */
3688 /* PL_origargv[which] = savepv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "/dev/fd/%d/%s", */
3689 /* PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp), PL_origargv[which])); */
3690 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3691 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,0); /* ensure no close-on-exec */
3694 PerlProc_execv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s/perl"PERL_FS_VER_FMT, BIN_EXP,
3695 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
3696 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION), PL_origargv);/* try again */
3698 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setuid (suidperl cannot exec perl)\n");
3699 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3701 if (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid) { /* (suidperl doesn't exist, in fact) */
3702 #ifndef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
3703 PerlLIO_fstat(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),&PL_statbuf); /* may be either wrapped or real suid */
3704 if ((PL_euid != PL_uid && PL_euid == PL_statbuf.st_uid && PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID)
3706 (PL_egid != PL_gid && PL_egid == PL_statbuf.st_gid && PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISGID)
3709 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "YOU HAVEN'T DISABLED SET-ID SCRIPTS IN THE KERNEL YET!\n\
3710 FIX YOUR KERNEL, PUT A C WRAPPER AROUND THIS SCRIPT, OR USE -u AND UNDUMP!\n");
3711 #endif /* SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW */
3712 /* not set-id, must be wrapped */
3720 S_find_beginning(pTHX)
3723 register const char *s2;
3724 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3728 /* skip forward in input to the real script? */
3731 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3732 /* Since the Mac OS does not honor #! arguments for us, we do it ourselves */
3734 while (PL_doextract || gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
3735 if ((s = sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0)) == Nullch) {
3736 if (!gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract)
3737 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No Perl script found in input\n");
3739 if (PL_doextract) /* require explicit override ? */
3740 if (!OverrideExtract(PL_origfilename))
3741 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "User aborted script\n");
3743 PL_doextract = FALSE;
3745 /* Pater peccavi, file does not have #! */
3746 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
3751 while (PL_doextract) {
3752 if ((s = sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0)) == Nullch)
3753 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No Perl script found in input\n");
3756 if (*s == '#' && s[1] == '!' && ((s = instr(s,"perl")) || (s = instr(s2,"PERL")))) {
3757 PerlIO_ungetc(PL_rsfp, '\n'); /* to keep line count right */
3758 PL_doextract = FALSE;
3759 while (*s && !(isSPACE (*s) || *s == '#')) s++;
3761 while (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t') s++;
3763 while (isDIGIT(s2[-1]) || s2[-1] == '-' || s2[-1] == '.'
3764 || s2[-1] == '_') s2--;
3765 if (strnEQ(s2-4,"perl",4))
3767 while ((s = moreswitches(s)))
3770 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3771 /* We are always searching for the #!perl line in MacPerl,
3772 * so if we find it, still keep the line count correct
3773 * by counting lines we already skipped over
3775 for (; maclines > 0 ; maclines--)
3776 PerlIO_ungetc(PL_rsfp, '\n');
3780 /* gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract is false in MPW tool */
3781 } else if (gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
3792 PL_uid = PerlProc_getuid();
3793 PL_euid = PerlProc_geteuid();
3794 PL_gid = PerlProc_getgid();
3795 PL_egid = PerlProc_getegid();
3797 PL_uid |= PL_gid << 16;
3798 PL_euid |= PL_egid << 16;
3800 /* Should not happen: */
3801 CHECK_MALLOC_TAINT(PL_uid && (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid));
3802 PL_tainting |= (PL_uid && (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid));
3805 * Should go by suidscript, not uid!=euid: why disallow
3806 * system("ls") in scripts run from setuid things?
3807 * Or, is this run before we check arguments and set suidscript?
3808 * What about SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW: could we use fdscript then?
3809 * (We never have suidscript, can we be sure to have fdscript?)
3810 * Or must then go by UID checks? See comments in forbid_setid also.
3814 /* This is used very early in the lifetime of the program,
3815 * before even the options are parsed, so PL_tainting has
3816 * not been initialized properly. */
3818 Perl_doing_taint(int argc, char *argv[], char *envp[])
3820 #ifndef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
3821 /* If we have PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS we can't call getuid() et alia
3822 * before we have an interpreter-- and the whole point of this
3823 * function is to be called at such an early stage. If you are on
3824 * a system with PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS but you do have a concept of
3825 * "tainted because running with altered effective ids', you'll
3826 * have to add your own checks somewhere in here. The two most
3827 * known samples of 'implicitness' are Win32 and NetWare, neither
3828 * of which has much of concept of 'uids'. */
3829 int uid = PerlProc_getuid();
3830 int euid = PerlProc_geteuid();
3831 int gid = PerlProc_getgid();
3832 int egid = PerlProc_getegid();
3838 if (uid && (euid != uid || egid != gid))
3840 #endif /* !PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS */
3841 /* This is a really primitive check; environment gets ignored only
3842 * if -T are the first chars together; otherwise one gets
3843 * "Too late" message. */
3844 if ( argc > 1 && argv[1][0] == '-'
3845 && (argv[1][1] == 't' || argv[1][1] == 'T') )
3852 S_forbid_setid(pTHX_ const char *s)
3854 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
3855 if (PL_euid != PL_uid)
3856 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed while running setuid", s);
3857 if (PL_egid != PL_gid)
3858 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed while running setgid", s);
3859 #endif /* SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW */
3861 * Checks for UID/GID above "wrong": why disallow
3862 * perl -e 'print "Hello\n"'
3863 * from within setuid things?? Simply drop them: replaced by
3864 * fdscript/suidscript and #ifdef IAMSUID checks below.
3866 * This may be too late for command-line switches. Will catch those on
3867 * the #! line, after finding the script name and setting up
3868 * fdscript/suidscript. Note that suidperl does not get around to
3869 * parsing (and checking) the switches on the #! line, but checks that
3870 * the two sets are identical.
3872 * With SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW, could we use fdscript, also or
3873 * instead, or would that be "too late"? (We never have suidscript, can
3874 * we be sure to have fdscript?)
3876 * Catch things with suidscript (in descendant of suidperl), even with
3877 * right UID/GID. Was already checked in suidperl, with #ifdef IAMSUID,
3878 * below; but I am paranoid.
3880 * Also see comments about root running a setuid script, elsewhere.
3882 if (PL_suidscript >= 0)
3883 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed with (suid) fdscript", s);
3885 /* PSz 11 Nov 03 Catch it in suidperl, always! */
3886 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed in suidperl", s);
3887 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3891 Perl_init_debugger(pTHX)
3893 HV *ostash = PL_curstash;
3895 PL_curstash = PL_debstash;
3896 PL_dbargs = GvAV(gv_AVadd((gv_fetchpv("DB::args", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVAV))));
3897 AvREAL_off(PL_dbargs);
3898 PL_DBgv = gv_fetchpv("DB::DB", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVGV);
3899 PL_DBline = gv_fetchpv("DB::dbline", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVAV);
3900 PL_DBsub = gv_HVadd(gv_fetchpv("DB::sub", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
3901 sv_upgrade(GvSV(PL_DBsub), SVt_IV); /* IVX accessed if PERLDB_SUB_NN */
3902 PL_DBsingle = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("DB::single", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
3903 sv_setiv(PL_DBsingle, 0);
3904 PL_DBtrace = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("DB::trace", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
3905 sv_setiv(PL_DBtrace, 0);
3906 PL_DBsignal = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("DB::signal", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
3907 sv_setiv(PL_DBsignal, 0);
3908 PL_DBassertion = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("DB::assertion", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
3909 sv_setiv(PL_DBassertion, 0);
3910 PL_curstash = ostash;
3913 #ifndef STRESS_REALLOC
3914 #define REASONABLE(size) (size)
3916 #define REASONABLE(size) (1) /* unreasonable */
3920 Perl_init_stacks(pTHX)
3922 /* start with 128-item stack and 8K cxstack */
3923 PL_curstackinfo = new_stackinfo(REASONABLE(128),
3924 REASONABLE(8192/sizeof(PERL_CONTEXT) - 1));
3925 PL_curstackinfo->si_type = PERLSI_MAIN;
3926 PL_curstack = PL_curstackinfo->si_stack;
3927 PL_mainstack = PL_curstack; /* remember in case we switch stacks */
3929 PL_stack_base = AvARRAY(PL_curstack);
3930 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base;
3931 PL_stack_max = PL_stack_base + AvMAX(PL_curstack);
3933 New(50,PL_tmps_stack,REASONABLE(128),SV*);
3936 PL_tmps_max = REASONABLE(128);
3938 New(54,PL_markstack,REASONABLE(32),I32);
3939 PL_markstack_ptr = PL_markstack;
3940 PL_markstack_max = PL_markstack + REASONABLE(32);
3944 New(54,PL_scopestack,REASONABLE(32),I32);
3945 PL_scopestack_ix = 0;
3946 PL_scopestack_max = REASONABLE(32);
3948 New(54,PL_savestack,REASONABLE(128),ANY);
3949 PL_savestack_ix = 0;
3950 PL_savestack_max = REASONABLE(128);
3958 while (PL_curstackinfo->si_next)
3959 PL_curstackinfo = PL_curstackinfo->si_next;
3960 while (PL_curstackinfo) {
3961 PERL_SI *p = PL_curstackinfo->si_prev;
3962 /* curstackinfo->si_stack got nuked by sv_free_arenas() */
3963 Safefree(PL_curstackinfo->si_cxstack);
3964 Safefree(PL_curstackinfo);
3965 PL_curstackinfo = p;
3967 Safefree(PL_tmps_stack);
3968 Safefree(PL_markstack);
3969 Safefree(PL_scopestack);
3970 Safefree(PL_savestack);
3979 lex_start(PL_linestr);
3981 PL_subname = newSVpvn("main",4);
3985 S_init_predump_symbols(pTHX)
3990 sv_setpvn(get_sv("\"", TRUE), " ", 1);
3991 PL_stdingv = gv_fetchpv("STDIN",TRUE, SVt_PVIO);
3992 GvMULTI_on(PL_stdingv);
3993 io = GvIOp(PL_stdingv);
3994 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_RDONLY;
3995 IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stdin();
3996 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("stdin",TRUE, SVt_PV);
3998 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc(io);
4000 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("STDOUT",TRUE, SVt_PVIO);
4003 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_WRONLY;
4004 IoOFP(io) = IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stdout();
4006 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("stdout",TRUE, SVt_PV);
4008 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc(io);
4010 PL_stderrgv = gv_fetchpv("STDERR",TRUE, SVt_PVIO);
4011 GvMULTI_on(PL_stderrgv);
4012 io = GvIOp(PL_stderrgv);
4013 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_WRONLY;
4014 IoOFP(io) = IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stderr();
4015 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("stderr",TRUE, SVt_PV);
4017 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc(io);
4019 PL_statname = NEWSV(66,0); /* last filename we did stat on */
4022 Safefree(PL_osname);
4023 PL_osname = savepv(OSNAME);
4027 Perl_init_argv_symbols(pTHX_ register int argc, register char **argv)
4030 argc--,argv++; /* skip name of script */
4031 if (PL_doswitches) {
4032 for (; argc > 0 && **argv == '-'; argc--,argv++) {
4035 if (argv[0][1] == '-' && !argv[0][2]) {
4039 if ((s = strchr(argv[0], '='))) {
4041 sv_setpv(GvSV(gv_fetchpv(argv[0]+1,TRUE, SVt_PV)),s);
4044 sv_setiv(GvSV(gv_fetchpv(argv[0]+1,TRUE, SVt_PV)),1);
4047 if ((PL_argvgv = gv_fetchpv("ARGV",TRUE, SVt_PVAV))) {
4048 GvMULTI_on(PL_argvgv);
4049 (void)gv_AVadd(PL_argvgv);
4050 av_clear(GvAVn(PL_argvgv));
4051 for (; argc > 0; argc--,argv++) {
4052 SV *sv = newSVpv(argv[0],0);
4053 av_push(GvAVn(PL_argvgv),sv);
4054 if (!(PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_LOCALE_FLAG) || PL_utf8locale) {
4055 if (PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_ARGV_FLAG)
4058 if (PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_WIDESYSCALLS_FLAG) /* Sarathy? */
4059 (void)sv_utf8_decode(sv);
4065 S_init_postdump_symbols(pTHX_ register int argc, register char **argv, register char **env)
4071 PL_toptarget = NEWSV(0,0);
4072 sv_upgrade(PL_toptarget, SVt_PVFM);
4073 sv_setpvn(PL_toptarget, "", 0);
4074 PL_bodytarget = NEWSV(0,0);
4075 sv_upgrade(PL_bodytarget, SVt_PVFM);
4076 sv_setpvn(PL_bodytarget, "", 0);
4077 PL_formtarget = PL_bodytarget;
4081 init_argv_symbols(argc,argv);
4083 if ((tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("0",TRUE, SVt_PV))) {
4084 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4085 /* $0 is not majick on a Mac */
4086 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv),MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
4088 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv),PL_origfilename);
4089 magicname("0", "0", 1);
4092 if ((PL_envgv = gv_fetchpv("ENV",TRUE, SVt_PVHV))) {
4094 GvMULTI_on(PL_envgv);
4095 hv = GvHVn(PL_envgv);
4096 hv_magic(hv, Nullgv, PERL_MAGIC_env);
4098 #ifdef USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY
4099 /* Note that if the supplied env parameter is actually a copy
4100 of the global environ then it may now point to free'd memory
4101 if the environment has been modified since. To avoid this
4102 problem we treat env==NULL as meaning 'use the default'
4107 # ifdef USE_ITHREADS
4108 && PL_curinterp == aTHX
4112 environ[0] = Nullch;
4115 char** origenv = environ;
4116 for (; *env; env++) {
4117 if (!(s = strchr(*env,'=')) || s == *env)
4119 #if defined(MSDOS) && !defined(DJGPP)
4124 sv = newSVpv(s+1, 0);
4125 (void)hv_store(hv, *env, s - *env, sv, 0);
4128 if (origenv != environ) {
4129 /* realloc has shifted us */
4130 env = (env - origenv) + environ;
4135 #endif /* USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY */
4136 #endif /* !PERL_MICRO */
4139 if ((tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("$",TRUE, SVt_PV))) {
4140 SvREADONLY_off(GvSV(tmpgv));
4141 sv_setiv(GvSV(tmpgv), (IV)PerlProc_getpid());
4142 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(tmpgv));
4144 #ifdef THREADS_HAVE_PIDS
4145 PL_ppid = (IV)getppid();
4148 /* touch @F array to prevent spurious warnings 20020415 MJD */
4150 (void) get_av("main::F", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4152 /* touch @- and @+ arrays to prevent spurious warnings 20020415 MJD */
4153 (void) get_av("main::-", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4154 (void) get_av("main::+", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4158 S_init_perllib(pTHX)
4163 s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL5LIB");
4165 incpush(s, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE);
4167 incpush(PerlEnv_getenv("PERLLIB"), FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4169 /* Treat PERL5?LIB as a possible search list logical name -- the
4170 * "natural" VMS idiom for a Unix path string. We allow each
4171 * element to be a set of |-separated directories for compatibility.
4175 if (my_trnlnm("PERL5LIB",buf,0))
4176 do { incpush(buf,TRUE,TRUE,TRUE,FALSE); } while (my_trnlnm("PERL5LIB",buf,++idx));
4178 while (my_trnlnm("PERLLIB",buf,idx++)) incpush(buf,FALSE,FALSE,TRUE,FALSE);
4182 /* Use the ~-expanded versions of APPLLIB (undocumented),
4183 ARCHLIB PRIVLIB SITEARCH SITELIB VENDORARCH and VENDORLIB
4186 incpush(APPLLIB_EXP, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4190 incpush(ARCHLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4192 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4195 SV * privdir = NEWSV(55, 0);
4196 char * macperl = PerlEnv_getenv("MACPERL");
4201 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ privdir, "%slib:", macperl);
4202 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(privdir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 && S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode))
4203 incpush(SvPVX(privdir), TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4204 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ privdir, "%ssite_perl:", macperl);
4205 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(privdir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 && S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode))
4206 incpush(SvPVX(privdir), TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4208 SvREFCNT_dec(privdir);
4211 incpush(":", FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4214 # define PRIVLIB_EXP "/usr/local/lib/perl5:/usr/local/lib/perl"
4217 incpush(PRIVLIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4219 incpush(PRIVLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4223 /* sitearch is always relative to sitelib on Windows for
4224 * DLL-based path intuition to work correctly */
4225 # if !defined(WIN32)
4226 incpush(SITEARCH_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4232 /* this picks up sitearch as well */
4233 incpush(SITELIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4235 incpush(SITELIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4239 #ifdef SITELIB_STEM /* Search for version-specific dirs below here */
4240 incpush(SITELIB_STEM, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4243 #ifdef PERL_VENDORARCH_EXP
4244 /* vendorarch is always relative to vendorlib on Windows for
4245 * DLL-based path intuition to work correctly */
4246 # if !defined(WIN32)
4247 incpush(PERL_VENDORARCH_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4251 #ifdef PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP
4253 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE); /* this picks up vendorarch as well */
4255 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4259 #ifdef PERL_VENDORLIB_STEM /* Search for version-specific dirs below here */
4260 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_STEM, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4263 #ifdef PERL_OTHERLIBDIRS
4264 incpush(PERL_OTHERLIBDIRS, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4268 incpush(".", FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4269 #endif /* MACOS_TRADITIONAL */
4272 #if defined(DOSISH) || defined(EPOC)
4273 # define PERLLIB_SEP ';'
4276 # define PERLLIB_SEP '|'
4278 # if defined(MACOS_TRADITIONAL)
4279 # define PERLLIB_SEP ','
4281 # define PERLLIB_SEP ':'
4285 #ifndef PERLLIB_MANGLE
4286 # define PERLLIB_MANGLE(s,n) (s)
4289 /* Push a directory onto @INC if it exists.
4290 Generate a new SV if we do this, to save needing to copy the SV we push
4293 S_incpush_if_exists(pTHX_ SV *dir)
4296 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(dir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 &&
4297 S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode)) {
4298 av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), dir);
4305 S_incpush(pTHX_ const char *dir, bool addsubdirs, bool addoldvers, bool usesep,
4308 SV *subdir = Nullsv;
4309 const char *p = dir;
4314 if (addsubdirs || addoldvers) {
4315 subdir = NEWSV(0,0);
4318 /* Break at all separators */
4320 SV *libdir = NEWSV(55,0);
4323 /* skip any consecutive separators */
4325 while ( *p == PERLLIB_SEP ) {
4326 /* Uncomment the next line for PATH semantics */
4327 /* av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), newSVpvn(".", 1)); */
4332 if ( usesep && (s = strchr(p, PERLLIB_SEP)) != Nullch ) {
4333 sv_setpvn(libdir, PERLLIB_MANGLE(p, (STRLEN)(s - p)),
4338 sv_setpv(libdir, PERLLIB_MANGLE(p, 0));
4339 p = Nullch; /* break out */
4341 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4342 if (!strchr(SvPVX(libdir), ':')) {
4345 sv_setpv(libdir, MacPerl_CanonDir(SvPVX(libdir), buf, 0));
4347 if (SvPVX(libdir)[SvCUR(libdir)-1] != ':')
4348 sv_catpv(libdir, ":");
4351 /* Do the if() outside the #ifdef to avoid warnings about an unused
4354 #ifdef PERL_RELOCATABLE_INC
4356 * Relocatable include entries are marked with a leading .../
4359 * 0: Remove that leading ".../"
4360 * 1: Remove trailing executable name (anything after the last '/')
4361 * from the perl path to give a perl prefix
4363 * While the @INC element starts "../" and the prefix ends with a real
4364 * directory (ie not . or ..) chop that real directory off the prefix
4365 * and the leading "../" from the @INC element. ie a logical "../"
4367 * Finally concatenate the prefix and the remainder of the @INC element
4368 * The intent is that /usr/local/bin/perl and .../../lib/perl5
4369 * generates /usr/local/lib/perl5
4371 char *libpath = SvPVX(libdir);
4372 STRLEN libpath_len = SvCUR(libdir);
4373 if (libpath_len >= 4 && memEQ (libpath, ".../", 4)) {
4375 SV *caret_X = get_sv("\030", 0);
4376 /* Going to use the SV just as a scratch buffer holding a C
4382 /* $^X is *the* source of taint if tainting is on, hence
4383 SvPOK() won't be true. */
4385 assert(SvPOKp(caret_X));
4386 prefix_sv = newSVpvn(SvPVX(caret_X), SvCUR(caret_X));
4387 /* Firstly take off the leading .../
4388 If all else fail we'll do the paths relative to the current
4390 sv_chop(libdir, libpath + 4);
4391 /* Don't use SvPV as we're intentionally bypassing taining,
4392 mortal copies that the mg_get of tainting creates, and
4393 corruption that seems to come via the save stack.
4394 I guess that the save stack isn't correctly set up yet. */
4395 libpath = SvPVX(libdir);
4396 libpath_len = SvCUR(libdir);
4398 /* This would work more efficiently with memrchr, but as it's
4399 only a GNU extension we'd need to probe for it and
4400 implement our own. Not hard, but maybe not worth it? */
4402 prefix = SvPVX(prefix_sv);
4403 lastslash = strrchr(prefix, '/');
4405 /* First time in with the *lastslash = '\0' we just wipe off
4406 the trailing /perl from (say) /usr/foo/bin/perl
4410 while ((*lastslash = '\0'), /* Do that, come what may. */
4411 (libpath_len >= 3 && memEQ(libpath, "../", 3)
4412 && (lastslash = strrchr(prefix, '/')))) {
4413 if (lastslash[1] == '\0'
4414 || (lastslash[1] == '.'
4415 && (lastslash[2] == '/' /* ends "/." */
4416 || (lastslash[2] == '/'
4417 && lastslash[3] == '/' /* or "/.." */
4419 /* Prefix ends "/" or "/." or "/..", any of which
4420 are fishy, so don't do any more logical cleanup.
4424 /* Remove leading "../" from path */
4427 /* Next iteration round the loop removes the last
4428 directory name from prefix by writing a '\0' in
4429 the while clause. */
4431 /* prefix has been terminated with a '\0' to the correct
4432 length. libpath points somewhere into the libdir SV.
4433 We need to join the 2 with '/' and drop the result into
4435 tempsv = Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "%s/%s", prefix, libpath);
4436 SvREFCNT_dec(libdir);
4437 /* And this is the new libdir. */
4440 (PL_uid != PL_euid || PL_gid != PL_egid)) {
4441 /* Need to taint reloccated paths if running set ID */
4442 SvTAINTED_on(libdir);
4445 SvREFCNT_dec(prefix_sv);
4450 * BEFORE pushing libdir onto @INC we may first push version- and
4451 * archname-specific sub-directories.
4453 if (addsubdirs || addoldvers) {
4454 #ifdef PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST
4455 /* Configure terminates PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST with a NULL */
4456 const char *incverlist[] = { PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST };
4457 const char **incver;
4463 if ((unix = tounixspec_ts(SvPV(libdir,len),Nullch)) != Nullch) {
4465 while (unix[len-1] == '/') len--; /* Cosmetic */
4466 sv_usepvn(libdir,unix,len);
4469 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log,
4470 "Failed to unixify @INC element \"%s\"\n",
4474 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4475 #define PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT ""
4476 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT "%s:"
4477 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_FS_VER_FMT PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT
4479 #define PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT "/"
4480 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT "/%s"
4481 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT PERL_FS_VER_FMT
4483 /* .../version/archname if -d .../version/archname */
4484 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_ARCH_FMT,
4486 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
4487 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION, ARCHNAME);
4488 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
4490 /* .../version if -d .../version */
4491 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH, libdir,
4492 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
4493 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION);
4494 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
4496 /* .../archname if -d .../archname */
4497 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT, libdir, ARCHNAME);
4498 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
4502 #ifdef PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST
4504 for (incver = incverlist; *incver; incver++) {
4505 /* .../xxx if -d .../xxx */
4506 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT, libdir, *incver);
4507 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
4513 /* finally push this lib directory on the end of @INC */
4514 av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), libdir);
4517 assert (SvREFCNT(subdir) == 1);
4518 SvREFCNT_dec(subdir);
4522 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
4523 STATIC struct perl_thread *
4524 S_init_main_thread(pTHX)
4526 #if !defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
4527 struct perl_thread *thr;
4531 Newz(53, thr, 1, struct perl_thread);
4532 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
4533 thr->interp = PERL_GET_INTERP;
4534 thr->cvcache = newHV();
4535 thr->threadsv = newAV();
4536 /* thr->threadsvp is set when find_threadsv is called */
4537 thr->specific = newAV();
4538 thr->flags = THRf_R_JOINABLE;
4539 MUTEX_INIT(&thr->mutex);
4540 /* Handcraft thrsv similarly to mess_sv */
4541 New(53, PL_thrsv, 1, SV);
4542 Newz(53, xpv, 1, XPV);
4543 SvFLAGS(PL_thrsv) = SVt_PV;
4544 SvANY(PL_thrsv) = (void*)xpv;
4545 SvREFCNT(PL_thrsv) = 1 << 30; /* practically infinite */
4546 SvPVX(PL_thrsv) = (char*)thr;
4547 SvCUR_set(PL_thrsv, sizeof(thr));
4548 SvLEN_set(PL_thrsv, sizeof(thr));
4549 *SvEND(PL_thrsv) = '\0'; /* in the trailing_nul field */
4550 thr->oursv = PL_thrsv;
4551 PL_chopset = " \n-";
4554 MUTEX_LOCK(&PL_threads_mutex);
4560 MUTEX_UNLOCK(&PL_threads_mutex);
4562 #ifdef HAVE_THREAD_INTERN
4563 Perl_init_thread_intern(thr);
4566 #ifdef SET_THREAD_SELF
4567 SET_THREAD_SELF(thr);
4569 thr->self = pthread_self();
4570 #endif /* SET_THREAD_SELF */
4574 * These must come after the thread self setting
4575 * because sv_setpvn does SvTAINT and the taint
4576 * fields thread selfness being set.
4578 PL_toptarget = NEWSV(0,0);
4579 sv_upgrade(PL_toptarget, SVt_PVFM);
4580 sv_setpvn(PL_toptarget, "", 0);
4581 PL_bodytarget = NEWSV(0,0);
4582 sv_upgrade(PL_bodytarget, SVt_PVFM);
4583 sv_setpvn(PL_bodytarget, "", 0);
4584 PL_formtarget = PL_bodytarget;
4585 thr->errsv = newSVpvn("", 0);
4586 (void) find_threadsv("@"); /* Ensure $@ is initialised early */
4589 PL_peepp = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_peep);
4590 PL_regcompp = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_pregcomp);
4591 PL_regexecp = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_regexec_flags);
4592 PL_regint_start = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_re_intuit_start);
4593 PL_regint_string = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_re_intuit_string);
4594 PL_regfree = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_pregfree);
4596 PL_reginterp_cnt = 0;
4600 #endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
4603 Perl_call_list(pTHX_ I32 oldscope, AV *paramList)
4606 const line_t oldline = CopLINE(PL_curcop);
4612 while (av_len(paramList) >= 0) {
4613 cv = (CV*)av_shift(paramList);
4615 if (paramList == PL_beginav) {
4616 /* save PL_beginav for compiler */
4617 if (! PL_beginav_save)
4618 PL_beginav_save = newAV();
4619 av_push(PL_beginav_save, (SV*)cv);
4621 else if (paramList == PL_checkav) {
4622 /* save PL_checkav for compiler */
4623 if (! PL_checkav_save)
4624 PL_checkav_save = newAV();
4625 av_push(PL_checkav_save, (SV*)cv);
4635 (void)SvPV(atsv, len);
4637 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
4638 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
4639 if (paramList == PL_beginav)
4640 sv_catpv(atsv, "BEGIN failed--compilation aborted");
4642 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ atsv,
4643 "%s failed--call queue aborted",
4644 paramList == PL_checkav ? "CHECK"
4645 : paramList == PL_initav ? "INIT"
4647 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
4650 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%"SVf"", atsv);
4657 /* my_exit() was called */
4658 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
4661 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
4662 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
4663 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
4665 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED)) {
4666 if (paramList == PL_beginav)
4667 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "BEGIN failed--compilation aborted");
4669 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s failed--call queue aborted",
4670 paramList == PL_checkav ? "CHECK"
4671 : paramList == PL_initav ? "INIT"
4678 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
4679 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
4682 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: restartop\n");
4691 S_call_list_body(pTHX_ CV *cv)
4693 PUSHMARK(PL_stack_sp);
4694 call_sv((SV*)cv, G_EVAL|G_DISCARD);
4699 Perl_my_exit(pTHX_ U32 status)
4701 DEBUG_S(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "my_exit: thread %p, status %lu\n",
4702 thr, (unsigned long) status));
4711 STATUS_NATIVE_SET(status);
4718 Perl_my_failure_exit(pTHX)
4721 if (vaxc$errno & 1) {
4722 if (STATUS_NATIVE & 1) /* fortuitiously includes "-1" */
4723 STATUS_NATIVE_SET(44);
4726 if (!vaxc$errno) /* unlikely */
4727 STATUS_NATIVE_SET(44);
4729 STATUS_NATIVE_SET(vaxc$errno);
4734 STATUS_POSIX_SET(errno);
4736 exitstatus = STATUS_POSIX >> 8;
4737 if (exitstatus & 255)
4738 STATUS_POSIX_SET(exitstatus);
4740 STATUS_POSIX_SET(255);
4747 S_my_exit_jump(pTHX)
4749 register PERL_CONTEXT *cx;
4754 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
4755 PL_e_script = Nullsv;
4758 POPSTACK_TO(PL_mainstack);
4759 if (cxstack_ix >= 0) {
4762 POPBLOCK(cx,PL_curpm);
4770 read_e_script(pTHX_ int idx, SV *buf_sv, int maxlen)
4776 p = SvPVX(PL_e_script);
4777 nl = strchr(p, '\n');
4778 nl = (nl) ? nl+1 : SvEND(PL_e_script);
4780 filter_del(read_e_script);
4783 sv_catpvn(buf_sv, p, nl-p);
4784 sv_chop(PL_e_script, nl);