3 * Copyright (C) 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
4 * 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * "A ship then new they built for him/of mithril and of elven glass" --Bilbo
15 /* This file contains the top-level functions that are used to create, use
16 * and destroy a perl interpreter, plus the functions used by XS code to
17 * call back into perl. Note that it does not contain the actual main()
18 * function of the interpreter; that can be found in perlmain.c
23 * Be proud that perl(1) may proclaim:
24 * Setuid Perl scripts are safer than C programs ...
25 * Do not abandon (deprecate) suidperl. Do not advocate C wrappers.
27 * The flow was: perl starts, notices script is suid, execs suidperl with same
28 * arguments; suidperl opens script, checks many things, sets itself with
29 * right UID, execs perl with similar arguments but with script pre-opened on
30 * /dev/fd/xxx; perl checks script is as should be and does work. This was
31 * insecure: see perlsec(1) for many problems with this approach.
33 * The "correct" flow should be: perl starts, opens script and notices it is
34 * suid, checks many things, execs suidperl with similar arguments but with
35 * script on /dev/fd/xxx; suidperl checks script and /dev/fd/xxx object are
36 * same, checks arguments match #! line, sets itself with right UID, execs
37 * perl with same arguments; perl checks many things and does work.
39 * (Opening the script in perl instead of suidperl, we "lose" scripts that
40 * are readable to the target UID but not to the invoker. Where did
41 * unreadable scripts work anyway?)
43 * For now, suidperl and perl are pretty much the same large and cumbersome
44 * program, so suidperl can check its argument list (see comments elsewhere).
47 * Original bug report:
48 * http://bugs.perl.org/index.html?req=bug_id&bug_id=20010322.218
49 * http://rt.perl.org/rt2/Ticket/Display.html?id=6511
50 * Comments and discussion with Debian:
51 * http://bugs.debian.org/203426
52 * http://bugs.debian.org/220486
53 * Debian Security Advisory DSA 431-1 (does not fully fix problem):
54 * http://www.debian.org/security/2004/dsa-431
56 * http://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CAN-2003-0618
57 * Previous versions of this patch sent to perl5-porters:
58 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg71953.html
59 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75245.html
60 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75563.html
61 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75635.html
63 Paul Szabo - psz@maths.usyd.edu.au http://www.maths.usyd.edu.au:8000/u/psz/
64 School of Mathematics and Statistics University of Sydney 2006 Australia
68 * Use truthful, neat, specific error messages.
69 * Cannot always hide the truth; security must not depend on doing so.
73 * Use global(?), thread-local fdscript for easier checks.
74 * (I do not understand how we could possibly get a thread race:
75 * do not all threads go through the same initialization? Or in
76 * fact, are not threads started only after we get the script and
77 * so know what to do? Oh well, make things super-safe...)
81 #define PERL_IN_PERL_C
83 #include "patchlevel.h" /* for local_patches */
87 char *nw_get_sitelib(const char *pl);
90 /* XXX If this causes problems, set i_unistd=undef in the hint file. */
107 #if !defined(STANDARD_C) && !defined(HAS_GETENV_PROTOTYPE) && !defined(PERL_MICRO)
108 char *getenv (char *); /* Usually in <stdlib.h> */
111 static I32 read_e_script(pTHX_ int idx, SV *buf_sv, int maxlen);
119 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
126 S_init_tls_and_interp(PerlInterpreter *my_perl)
130 PERL_SET_INTERP(my_perl);
131 #if defined(USE_ITHREADS)
134 PERL_SET_THX(my_perl);
136 MUTEX_INIT(&PL_dollarzero_mutex);
140 PERL_SET_THX(my_perl);
144 #ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
146 perl_alloc_using(struct IPerlMem* ipM, struct IPerlMem* ipMS,
147 struct IPerlMem* ipMP, struct IPerlEnv* ipE,
148 struct IPerlStdIO* ipStd, struct IPerlLIO* ipLIO,
149 struct IPerlDir* ipD, struct IPerlSock* ipS,
150 struct IPerlProc* ipP)
152 PerlInterpreter *my_perl;
153 /* New() needs interpreter, so call malloc() instead */
154 my_perl = (PerlInterpreter*)(*ipM->pMalloc)(ipM, sizeof(PerlInterpreter));
155 S_init_tls_and_interp(my_perl);
156 Zero(my_perl, 1, PerlInterpreter);
172 =head1 Embedding Functions
174 =for apidoc perl_alloc
176 Allocates a new Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
184 PerlInterpreter *my_perl;
186 /* New() needs interpreter, so call malloc() instead */
187 my_perl = (PerlInterpreter*)PerlMem_malloc(sizeof(PerlInterpreter));
189 S_init_tls_and_interp(my_perl);
190 return (PerlInterpreter *) ZeroD(my_perl, 1, PerlInterpreter);
192 #endif /* PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS */
195 =for apidoc perl_construct
197 Initializes a new Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
203 perl_construct(pTHXx)
208 PL_perl_destruct_level = 1;
210 if (PL_perl_destruct_level > 0)
213 /* Init the real globals (and main thread)? */
215 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling; /* needed by ckWARN, right away */
217 PL_linestr = NEWSV(65,79);
218 sv_upgrade(PL_linestr,SVt_PVIV);
220 if (!SvREADONLY(&PL_sv_undef)) {
221 /* set read-only and try to insure than we wont see REFCNT==0
224 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_undef);
225 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_undef) = (~(U32)0)/2;
227 sv_setpv(&PL_sv_no,PL_No);
228 /* value lookup in void context - happens to have the side effect
229 of caching the numeric forms. */
232 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_no);
233 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_no) = (~(U32)0)/2;
235 sv_setpv(&PL_sv_yes,PL_Yes);
238 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_yes);
239 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_yes) = (~(U32)0)/2;
241 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_placeholder);
242 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_placeholder) = (~(U32)0)/2;
245 PL_sighandlerp = Perl_sighandler;
246 PL_pidstatus = newHV();
249 PL_rs = newSVpvn("\n", 1);
254 PL_lex_state = LEX_NOTPARSING;
260 SET_NUMERIC_STANDARD();
262 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
263 PL_localpatches = local_patches; /* For possible -v */
266 #ifdef HAVE_INTERP_INTERN
270 PerlIO_init(aTHX); /* Hook to IO system */
272 PL_fdpid = newAV(); /* for remembering popen pids by fd */
273 PL_modglobal = newHV(); /* pointers to per-interpreter module globals */
274 PL_errors = newSVpvn("",0);
275 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(0), "", 0); /* For regex debugging. */
276 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(1), "", 0); /* ext/re needs these */
277 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(2), "", 0); /* even without DEBUGGING. */
279 PL_regex_padav = newAV();
280 av_push(PL_regex_padav,(SV*)newAV()); /* First entry is an array of empty elements */
281 PL_regex_pad = AvARRAY(PL_regex_padav);
283 #ifdef USE_REENTRANT_API
284 Perl_reentrant_init(aTHX);
287 /* Note that strtab is a rather special HV. Assumptions are made
288 about not iterating on it, and not adding tie magic to it.
289 It is properly deallocated in perl_destruct() */
292 HvSHAREKEYS_off(PL_strtab); /* mandatory */
293 hv_ksplit(PL_strtab, 512);
295 #if defined(__DYNAMIC__) && (defined(NeXT) || defined(__NeXT__))
296 _dyld_lookup_and_bind
297 ("__environ", (unsigned long *) &environ_pointer, NULL);
301 # ifdef USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY
302 PL_origenviron = environ;
306 /* Use sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK) if available, if not
307 * available or if the sysconf() fails, use the HZ.
308 * BeOS has those, but returns the wrong value.
309 * The HZ if not originally defined has been by now
310 * been defined as CLK_TCK, if available. */
311 #if defined(HAS_SYSCONF) && defined(_SC_CLK_TCK) && !defined(__BEOS__)
312 PL_clocktick = sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK);
313 if (PL_clocktick <= 0)
317 PL_stashcache = newHV();
319 PL_patchlevel = newSVpv(
320 Perl_form(aTHX_ "%d.%d.%d",
323 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION ), 0
327 if (!PL_mmap_page_size) {
328 #if defined(HAS_SYSCONF) && (defined(_SC_PAGESIZE) || defined(_SC_MMAP_PAGE_SIZE))
330 SETERRNO(0, SS_NORMAL);
332 PL_mmap_page_size = sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE);
334 PL_mmap_page_size = sysconf(_SC_MMAP_PAGE_SIZE);
336 if ((long) PL_mmap_page_size < 0) {
341 (void) SvUPGRADE(error, SVt_PV);
342 msg = SvPVx(error, n_a);
343 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: sysconf: %s", msg);
346 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: sysconf: pagesize unknown");
350 # ifdef HAS_GETPAGESIZE
351 PL_mmap_page_size = getpagesize();
353 # if defined(I_SYS_PARAM) && defined(PAGESIZE)
354 PL_mmap_page_size = PAGESIZE; /* compiletime, bad */
358 if (PL_mmap_page_size <= 0)
359 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: bad pagesize %" IVdf,
360 (IV) PL_mmap_page_size);
362 #endif /* HAS_MMAP */
364 #if defined(HAS_TIMES) && defined(PERL_NEED_TIMESBASE)
365 PL_timesbase.tms_utime = 0;
366 PL_timesbase.tms_stime = 0;
367 PL_timesbase.tms_cutime = 0;
368 PL_timesbase.tms_cstime = 0;
375 =for apidoc nothreadhook
377 Stub that provides thread hook for perl_destruct when there are
384 Perl_nothreadhook(pTHX)
390 =for apidoc perl_destruct
392 Shuts down a Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
401 volatile int destruct_level; /* 0=none, 1=full, 2=full with checks */
404 /* wait for all pseudo-forked children to finish */
405 PERL_WAIT_FOR_CHILDREN;
407 destruct_level = PL_perl_destruct_level;
411 if ((s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL"))) {
412 const int i = atoi(s);
413 if (destruct_level < i)
419 if (PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_DESTRUCT_END) {
424 if (PL_endav && !PL_minus_c)
425 call_list(PL_scopestack_ix, PL_endav);
431 /* Need to flush since END blocks can produce output */
434 if (CALL_FPTR(PL_threadhook)(aTHX)) {
435 /* Threads hook has vetoed further cleanup */
436 return STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
439 /* We must account for everything. */
441 /* Destroy the main CV and syntax tree */
443 /* ensure comppad/curpad to refer to main's pad */
444 if (CvPADLIST(PL_main_cv)) {
445 PAD_SET_CUR_NOSAVE(CvPADLIST(PL_main_cv), 1);
447 op_free(PL_main_root);
448 PL_main_root = Nullop;
450 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
451 PL_main_start = Nullop;
452 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_main_cv);
456 /* Tell PerlIO we are about to tear things apart in case
457 we have layers which are using resources that should
461 PerlIO_destruct(aTHX);
463 if (PL_sv_objcount) {
465 * Try to destruct global references. We do this first so that the
466 * destructors and destructees still exist. Some sv's might remain.
467 * Non-referenced objects are on their own.
473 /* unhook hooks which will soon be, or use, destroyed data */
474 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_warnhook);
475 PL_warnhook = Nullsv;
476 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_diehook);
479 /* call exit list functions */
480 while (PL_exitlistlen-- > 0)
481 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].fn(aTHX_ PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].ptr);
483 Safefree(PL_exitlist);
488 if (destruct_level == 0){
490 DEBUG_P(debprofdump());
492 #if defined(PERLIO_LAYERS)
493 /* No more IO - including error messages ! */
494 PerlIO_cleanup(aTHX);
497 /* The exit() function will do everything that needs doing. */
498 return STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
501 /* jettison our possibly duplicated environment */
502 /* if PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV is defined environ will not have been copied
503 * so we certainly shouldn't free it here
506 #if defined(USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY) && !defined(PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV)
507 if (environ != PL_origenviron && !PL_use_safe_putenv
509 /* only main thread can free environ[0] contents */
510 && PL_curinterp == aTHX
516 for (i = 0; environ[i]; i++)
517 safesysfree(environ[i]);
519 /* Must use safesysfree() when working with environ. */
520 safesysfree(environ);
522 environ = PL_origenviron;
525 #endif /* !PERL_MICRO */
527 /* reset so print() ends up where we expect */
531 /* the syntax tree is shared between clones
532 * so op_free(PL_main_root) only ReREFCNT_dec's
533 * REGEXPs in the parent interpreter
534 * we need to manually ReREFCNT_dec for the clones
537 I32 i = AvFILLp(PL_regex_padav) + 1;
538 SV **ary = AvARRAY(PL_regex_padav);
542 REGEXP *re = INT2PTR(REGEXP *,SvIVX(resv));
544 if (SvFLAGS(resv) & SVf_BREAK) {
545 /* this is PL_reg_curpm, already freed
546 * flag is set in regexec.c:S_regtry
548 SvFLAGS(resv) &= ~SVf_BREAK;
550 else if(SvREPADTMP(resv)) {
551 SvREPADTMP_off(resv);
558 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_regex_padav);
559 PL_regex_padav = Nullav;
563 SvREFCNT_dec((SV*) PL_stashcache);
564 PL_stashcache = NULL;
566 /* loosen bonds of global variables */
569 (void)PerlIO_close(PL_rsfp);
573 /* Filters for program text */
574 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rsfp_filters);
575 PL_rsfp_filters = Nullav;
578 PL_preprocess = FALSE;
584 PL_doswitches = FALSE;
585 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_OFF;
586 PL_doextract = FALSE;
587 PL_sawampersand = FALSE; /* must save all match strings */
590 Safefree(PL_inplace);
592 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_patchlevel);
595 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
596 PL_e_script = Nullsv;
601 /* magical thingies */
603 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ofs_sv); /* $, */
606 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ors_sv); /* $\ */
609 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rs); /* $/ */
612 PL_multiline = 0; /* $* */
613 Safefree(PL_osname); /* $^O */
616 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_statname);
617 PL_statname = Nullsv;
620 /* defgv, aka *_ should be taken care of elsewhere */
622 /* clean up after study() */
623 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_lastscream);
624 PL_lastscream = Nullsv;
625 Safefree(PL_screamfirst);
627 Safefree(PL_screamnext);
631 Safefree(PL_efloatbuf);
632 PL_efloatbuf = Nullch;
635 /* startup and shutdown function lists */
636 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_beginav);
637 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_beginav_save);
638 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_endav);
639 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_checkav);
640 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_checkav_save);
641 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_initav);
643 PL_beginav_save = Nullav;
646 PL_checkav_save = Nullav;
649 /* shortcuts just get cleared */
655 PL_argvoutgv = Nullgv;
657 PL_stderrgv = Nullgv;
658 PL_last_in_gv = Nullgv;
663 PL_DBsingle = Nullsv;
665 PL_DBsignal = Nullsv;
666 PL_DBassertion = Nullsv;
669 PL_debstash = Nullhv;
671 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_argvout_stack);
672 PL_argvout_stack = Nullav;
674 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_modglobal);
675 PL_modglobal = Nullhv;
676 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_preambleav);
677 PL_preambleav = Nullav;
678 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_subname);
680 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_linestr);
682 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_pidstatus);
683 PL_pidstatus = Nullhv;
684 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_toptarget);
685 PL_toptarget = Nullsv;
686 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_bodytarget);
687 PL_bodytarget = Nullsv;
688 PL_formtarget = Nullsv;
690 /* free locale stuff */
691 #ifdef USE_LOCALE_COLLATE
692 Safefree(PL_collation_name);
693 PL_collation_name = Nullch;
696 #ifdef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC
697 Safefree(PL_numeric_name);
698 PL_numeric_name = Nullch;
699 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_numeric_radix_sv);
700 PL_numeric_radix_sv = Nullsv;
703 /* clear utf8 character classes */
704 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alnum);
705 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alnumc);
706 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_ascii);
707 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alpha);
708 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_space);
709 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_cntrl);
710 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_graph);
711 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_digit);
712 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_upper);
713 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_lower);
714 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_print);
715 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_punct);
716 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_xdigit);
717 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_mark);
718 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_toupper);
719 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_totitle);
720 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_tolower);
721 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_tofold);
722 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_idstart);
723 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_idcont);
724 PL_utf8_alnum = Nullsv;
725 PL_utf8_alnumc = Nullsv;
726 PL_utf8_ascii = Nullsv;
727 PL_utf8_alpha = Nullsv;
728 PL_utf8_space = Nullsv;
729 PL_utf8_cntrl = Nullsv;
730 PL_utf8_graph = Nullsv;
731 PL_utf8_digit = Nullsv;
732 PL_utf8_upper = Nullsv;
733 PL_utf8_lower = Nullsv;
734 PL_utf8_print = Nullsv;
735 PL_utf8_punct = Nullsv;
736 PL_utf8_xdigit = Nullsv;
737 PL_utf8_mark = Nullsv;
738 PL_utf8_toupper = Nullsv;
739 PL_utf8_totitle = Nullsv;
740 PL_utf8_tolower = Nullsv;
741 PL_utf8_tofold = Nullsv;
742 PL_utf8_idstart = Nullsv;
743 PL_utf8_idcont = Nullsv;
745 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
746 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
747 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = Nullsv;
748 if (!specialCopIO(PL_compiling.cop_io))
749 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_io);
750 PL_compiling.cop_io = Nullsv;
751 CopFILE_free(&PL_compiling);
752 CopSTASH_free(&PL_compiling);
754 /* Prepare to destruct main symbol table. */
759 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_curstname);
760 PL_curstname = Nullsv;
762 /* clear queued errors */
763 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_errors);
767 if (destruct_level >= 2 && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL)) {
768 if (PL_scopestack_ix != 0)
769 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
770 "Unbalanced scopes: %ld more ENTERs than LEAVEs\n",
771 (long)PL_scopestack_ix);
772 if (PL_savestack_ix != 0)
773 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
774 "Unbalanced saves: %ld more saves than restores\n",
775 (long)PL_savestack_ix);
776 if (PL_tmps_floor != -1)
777 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Unbalanced tmps: %ld more allocs than frees\n",
778 (long)PL_tmps_floor + 1);
779 if (cxstack_ix != -1)
780 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Unbalanced context: %ld more PUSHes than POPs\n",
781 (long)cxstack_ix + 1);
784 /* Now absolutely destruct everything, somehow or other, loops or no. */
785 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) |= SVTYPEMASK; /* don't clean out pid table now */
786 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) |= SVTYPEMASK; /* don't clean out strtab now */
788 /* the 2 is for PL_fdpid and PL_strtab */
789 while (PL_sv_count > 2 && sv_clean_all())
792 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) &= ~SVTYPEMASK;
793 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) |= SVt_PVAV;
794 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) &= ~SVTYPEMASK;
795 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) |= SVt_PVHV;
797 AvREAL_off(PL_fdpid); /* no surviving entries */
798 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_fdpid); /* needed in io_close() */
801 #ifdef HAVE_INTERP_INTERN
805 /* Destruct the global string table. */
807 /* Yell and reset the HeVAL() slots that are still holding refcounts,
808 * so that sv_free() won't fail on them.
816 max = HvMAX(PL_strtab);
817 array = HvARRAY(PL_strtab);
820 if (hent && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL)) {
821 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
822 "Unbalanced string table refcount: (%d) for \"%s\"",
823 HeVAL(hent) - Nullsv, HeKEY(hent));
824 HeVAL(hent) = Nullsv;
834 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_strtab);
837 /* free the pointer table used for cloning */
838 ptr_table_free(PL_ptr_table);
839 PL_ptr_table = (PTR_TBL_t*)NULL;
842 /* free special SVs */
844 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_yes) = 0;
845 sv_clear(&PL_sv_yes);
846 SvANY(&PL_sv_yes) = NULL;
847 SvFLAGS(&PL_sv_yes) = 0;
849 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_no) = 0;
851 SvANY(&PL_sv_no) = NULL;
852 SvFLAGS(&PL_sv_no) = 0;
856 for (i=0; i<=2; i++) {
857 SvREFCNT(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = 0;
858 sv_clear(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i));
859 SvANY(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = NULL;
860 SvFLAGS(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = 0;
864 if (PL_sv_count != 0 && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
865 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Scalars leaked: %ld\n", (long)PL_sv_count);
867 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS
868 if (PL_sv_count != 0) {
873 for (sva = PL_sv_arenaroot; sva; sva = (SV*)SvANY(sva)) {
874 svend = &sva[SvREFCNT(sva)];
875 for (sv = sva + 1; sv < svend; ++sv) {
876 if (SvTYPE(sv) != SVTYPEMASK) {
877 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "leaked: sv=0x%p"
879 " refcnt=%"UVuf pTHX__FORMAT "\n"
880 "\tallocated at %s:%d %s %s%s\n",
881 sv, sv->sv_flags, sv->sv_refcnt pTHX__VALUE,
882 sv->sv_debug_file ? sv->sv_debug_file : "(unknown)",
884 sv->sv_debug_inpad ? "for" : "by",
885 sv->sv_debug_optype ?
886 PL_op_name[sv->sv_debug_optype]: "(none)",
887 sv->sv_debug_cloned ? " (cloned)" : ""
897 #if defined(PERLIO_LAYERS)
898 /* No more IO - including error messages ! */
899 PerlIO_cleanup(aTHX);
902 /* sv_undef needs to stay immortal until after PerlIO_cleanup
903 as currently layers use it rather than Nullsv as a marker
904 for no arg - and will try and SvREFCNT_dec it.
906 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_undef) = 0;
907 SvREADONLY_off(&PL_sv_undef);
909 Safefree(PL_origfilename);
910 PL_origfilename = Nullch;
911 Safefree(PL_reg_start_tmp);
912 PL_reg_start_tmp = (char**)NULL;
913 PL_reg_start_tmpl = 0;
915 Safefree(PL_reg_curpm);
916 Safefree(PL_reg_poscache);
918 Safefree(PL_op_mask);
919 Safefree(PL_psig_ptr);
920 PL_psig_ptr = (SV**)NULL;
921 Safefree(PL_psig_name);
922 PL_psig_name = (SV**)NULL;
923 Safefree(PL_bitcount);
924 PL_bitcount = Nullch;
925 Safefree(PL_psig_pend);
926 PL_psig_pend = (int*)NULL;
927 PL_formfeed = Nullsv;
932 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
933 PL_hints = 0; /* Reset hints. Should hints be per-interpreter ? */
936 DEBUG_P(debprofdump());
938 #ifdef USE_REENTRANT_API
939 Perl_reentrant_free(aTHX);
944 /* As the absolutely last thing, free the non-arena SV for mess() */
947 /* it could have accumulated taint magic */
948 if (SvTYPE(PL_mess_sv) >= SVt_PVMG) {
951 for (mg = SvMAGIC(PL_mess_sv); mg; mg = moremagic) {
952 moremagic = mg->mg_moremagic;
953 if (mg->mg_ptr && mg->mg_type != PERL_MAGIC_regex_global
955 Safefree(mg->mg_ptr);
959 /* we know that type >= SVt_PV */
960 SvPV_free(PL_mess_sv);
961 Safefree(SvANY(PL_mess_sv));
962 Safefree(PL_mess_sv);
965 return STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
969 =for apidoc perl_free
971 Releases a Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
979 #if defined(WIN32) || defined(NETWARE)
980 # if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS)
982 void *host = nw_internal_host;
984 void *host = w32_internal_host;
988 nw_delete_internal_host(host);
990 win32_delete_internal_host(host);
1000 #if defined(USE_5005THREADS) || defined(USE_ITHREADS)
1001 /* provide destructors to clean up the thread key when libperl is unloaded */
1002 #ifndef WIN32 /* handled during DLL_PROCESS_DETACH in win32/perllib.c */
1004 #if defined(__hpux) && !defined(__GNUC__)
1005 #pragma fini "perl_fini"
1008 #if defined(__GNUC__) && defined(__attribute__)
1009 /* want to make sure __attribute__ works here even
1010 * for -Dd_attribut=undef builds.
1012 #undef __attribute__
1015 static void __attribute__((destructor))
1024 #endif /* THREADS */
1027 Perl_call_atexit(pTHX_ ATEXIT_t fn, void *ptr)
1029 Renew(PL_exitlist, PL_exitlistlen+1, PerlExitListEntry);
1030 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].fn = fn;
1031 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].ptr = ptr;
1035 #ifdef HAS_PROCSELFEXE
1036 /* This is a function so that we don't hold on to MAXPATHLEN
1037 bytes of stack longer than necessary
1040 S_procself_val(pTHX_ SV *sv, const char *arg0)
1042 char buf[MAXPATHLEN];
1043 int len = readlink(PROCSELFEXE_PATH, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);
1045 /* On Playstation2 Linux V1.0 (kernel 2.2.1) readlink(/proc/self/exe)
1046 includes a spurious NUL which will cause $^X to fail in system
1047 or backticks (this will prevent extensions from being built and
1048 many tests from working). readlink is not meant to add a NUL.
1049 Normal readlink works fine.
1051 if (len > 0 && buf[len-1] == '\0') {
1055 /* FreeBSD's implementation is acknowledged to be imperfect, sometimes
1056 returning the text "unknown" from the readlink rather than the path
1057 to the executable (or returning an error from the readlink). Any valid
1058 path has a '/' in it somewhere, so use that to validate the result.
1059 See http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/query-pr.cgi?pr=35703
1061 if (len > 0 && memchr(buf, '/', len)) {
1062 sv_setpvn(sv,buf,len);
1068 #endif /* HAS_PROCSELFEXE */
1071 S_set_caret_X(pTHX) {
1072 GV* tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("\030",TRUE, SVt_PV); /* $^X */
1074 #ifdef HAS_PROCSELFEXE
1075 S_procself_val(aTHX_ GvSV(tmpgv), PL_origargv[0]);
1078 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv), os2_execname(aTHX));
1080 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv),PL_origargv[0]);
1087 =for apidoc perl_parse
1089 Tells a Perl interpreter to parse a Perl script. See L<perlembed>.
1095 perl_parse(pTHXx_ XSINIT_t xsinit, int argc, char **argv, char **env)
1102 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
1105 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "suidperl is no longer needed since the kernel can now execute\n\
1106 setuid perl scripts securely.\n");
1107 #endif /* IAMSUID */
1110 #if defined(USE_HASH_SEED) || defined(USE_HASH_SEED_EXPLICIT)
1111 /* [perl #22371] Algorimic Complexity Attack on Perl 5.6.1, 5.8.0
1112 * This MUST be done before any hash stores or fetches take place.
1113 * If you set PL_rehash_seed (and assumedly also PL_rehash_seed_set)
1114 * yourself, it is your responsibility to provide a good random seed!
1115 * You can also define PERL_HASH_SEED in compile time, see hv.h. */
1116 if (!PL_rehash_seed_set)
1117 PL_rehash_seed = get_hash_seed();
1119 char *s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_HASH_SEED_DEBUG");
1125 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "HASH_SEED = %"UVuf"\n",
1129 #endif /* #if defined(USE_HASH_SEED) || defined(USE_HASH_SEED_EXPLICIT) */
1135 /* Set PL_origalen be the sum of the contiguous argv[]
1136 * elements plus the size of the env in case that it is
1137 * contiguous with the argv[]. This is used in mg.c:Perl_magic_set()
1138 * as the maximum modifiable length of $0. In the worst case
1139 * the area we are able to modify is limited to the size of
1140 * the original argv[0]. (See below for 'contiguous', though.)
1142 const char *s = NULL;
1145 ~(UV)(PTRSIZE == 4 ? 3 : PTRSIZE == 8 ? 7 : PTRSIZE == 16 ? 15 : 0);
1146 /* Do the mask check only if the args seem like aligned. */
1148 (mask < ~(UV)0) && ((PTR2UV(argv[0]) & mask) == PTR2UV(argv[0]));
1150 /* See if all the arguments are contiguous in memory. Note
1151 * that 'contiguous' is a loose term because some platforms
1152 * align the argv[] and the envp[]. If the arguments look
1153 * like non-aligned, assume that they are 'strictly' or
1154 * 'traditionally' contiguous. If the arguments look like
1155 * aligned, we just check that they are within aligned
1156 * PTRSIZE bytes. As long as no system has something bizarre
1157 * like the argv[] interleaved with some other data, we are
1158 * fine. (Did I just evoke Murphy's Law?) --jhi */
1159 if (PL_origargv && PL_origargc >= 1 && (s = PL_origargv[0])) {
1161 for (i = 1; i < PL_origargc; i++) {
1162 if ((PL_origargv[i] == s + 1
1164 || PL_origargv[i] == s + 2
1169 (PL_origargv[i] > s &&
1171 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1181 /* Can we grab env area too to be used as the area for $0? */
1182 if (PL_origenviron) {
1183 if ((PL_origenviron[0] == s + 1
1185 || (PL_origenviron[0] == s + 9 && (s += 8))
1190 (PL_origenviron[0] > s &&
1191 PL_origenviron[0] <=
1192 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1196 s = PL_origenviron[0];
1199 my_setenv("NoNe SuCh", Nullch);
1200 /* Force copy of environment. */
1201 for (i = 1; PL_origenviron[i]; i++) {
1202 if (PL_origenviron[i] == s + 1
1205 (PL_origenviron[i] > s &&
1206 PL_origenviron[i] <=
1207 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1210 s = PL_origenviron[i];
1218 PL_origalen = s - PL_origargv[0] + 1;
1223 /* Come here if running an undumped a.out. */
1225 PL_origfilename = savepv(argv[0]);
1226 PL_do_undump = FALSE;
1227 cxstack_ix = -1; /* start label stack again */
1229 assert (!PL_tainted);
1231 S_set_caret_X(aTHX);
1233 init_postdump_symbols(argc,argv,env);
1238 op_free(PL_main_root);
1239 PL_main_root = Nullop;
1241 PL_main_start = Nullop;
1242 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_main_cv);
1243 PL_main_cv = Nullcv;
1246 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
1247 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_OFF;
1252 parse_body(env,xsinit);
1254 call_list(oldscope, PL_checkav);
1261 /* my_exit() was called */
1262 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
1265 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
1267 call_list(oldscope, PL_checkav);
1268 ret = STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
1271 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: top_env\n");
1280 S_parse_body(pTHX_ char **env, XSINIT_t xsinit)
1283 int argc = PL_origargc;
1284 char **argv = PL_origargv;
1285 const char *scriptname = NULL;
1286 VOL bool dosearch = FALSE;
1287 const char *validarg = "";
1290 const char *cddir = Nullch;
1291 bool minus_f = FALSE;
1295 sv_setpvn(PL_linestr,"",0);
1296 sv = newSVpvn("",0); /* first used for -I flags */
1300 for (argc--,argv++; argc > 0; argc--,argv++) {
1301 if (argv[0][0] != '-' || !argv[0][1])
1305 validarg = " PHOOEY ";
1309 * Can we rely on the kernel to start scripts with argv[1] set to
1310 * contain all #! line switches (the whole line)? (argv[0] is set to
1311 * the interpreter name, argv[2] to the script name; argv[3] and
1312 * above may contain other arguments.)
1319 #ifndef PERL_STRICT_CR
1344 if ((s = moreswitches(s)))
1349 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('t');
1350 if( !PL_tainting ) {
1351 PL_taint_warn = TRUE;
1357 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('T');
1359 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
1364 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1365 /* ignore -e for Dev:Pseudo argument */
1366 if (argv[1] && !strcmp(argv[1], "Dev:Pseudo"))
1371 PL_e_script = newSVpvn("",0);
1372 filter_add(read_e_script, NULL);
1375 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, s);
1377 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, argv[1]);
1381 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No code specified for -e");
1382 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, "\n");
1390 case 'I': /* -I handled both here and in moreswitches() */
1392 if (!*++s && (s=argv[1]) != Nullch) {
1397 STRLEN len = strlen(s);
1398 p = savepvn(s, len);
1399 incpush(p, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE, FALSE);
1400 sv_catpvn(sv, "-I", 2);
1401 sv_catpvn(sv, p, len);
1402 sv_catpvn(sv, " ", 1);
1406 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No directory specified for -I");
1410 PL_preprocess = TRUE;
1420 PL_preambleav = newAV();
1421 av_push(PL_preambleav, newSVpv("use Config qw(myconfig config_vars)",0));
1425 PL_Sv = newSVpv("print myconfig();",0);
1427 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"print \"\\nCharacteristics of this PERLSHR image: \\n\",");
1429 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"print \"\\nCharacteristics of this binary (from libperl): \\n\",");
1431 opts = SvCUR(PL_Sv);
1433 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"\" Compile-time options:");
1435 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," DEBUGGING");
1437 # ifdef MULTIPLICITY
1438 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," MULTIPLICITY");
1440 # ifdef USE_5005THREADS
1441 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_5005THREADS");
1443 # ifdef USE_ITHREADS
1444 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_ITHREADS");
1446 # ifdef USE_64_BIT_INT
1447 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_64_BIT_INT");
1449 # ifdef USE_64_BIT_ALL
1450 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_64_BIT_ALL");
1452 # ifdef USE_LONG_DOUBLE
1453 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_LONG_DOUBLE");
1455 # ifdef USE_LARGE_FILES
1456 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_LARGE_FILES");
1459 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_SOCKS");
1461 # ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
1462 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_SITECUSTOMIZE");
1464 # ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
1465 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT");
1467 # ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
1468 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS");
1471 while (SvCUR(PL_Sv) > opts+76) {
1472 /* find last space after "options: " and before col 76 */
1475 char *pv = SvPV_nolen(PL_Sv);
1476 const char c = pv[opts+76];
1478 space = strrchr(pv+opts+26, ' ');
1480 if (!space) break; /* "Can't happen" */
1482 /* break the line before that space */
1485 sv_insert(PL_Sv, opts, 0,
1489 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"\\n\",");
1491 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
1492 if (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT > 0) {
1494 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"\" Locally applied patches:\\n\",");
1495 for (i = 1; i <= LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT; i++) {
1496 if (PL_localpatches[i])
1497 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ PL_Sv,"q%c\t%s\n%c,",
1498 0, PL_localpatches[i], 0);
1502 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ PL_Sv,"\" Built under %s\\n\"",OSNAME);
1505 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ PL_Sv,",\" Compiled at %s %s\\n\"",__DATE__,__TIME__);
1507 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ PL_Sv,",\" Compiled on %s\\n\"",__DATE__);
1510 sv_catpv(PL_Sv, "; \
1512 @env = map { \"$_=\\\"$ENV{$_}\\\"\" } sort grep {/^PERL/} keys %ENV; ");
1515 push @env, \"CYGWIN=\\\"$ENV{CYGWIN}\\\"\";");
1518 print \" \\%ENV:\\n @env\\n\" if @env; \
1519 print \" \\@INC:\\n @INC\\n\";");
1522 PL_Sv = newSVpv("config_vars(qw(",0);
1523 sv_catpv(PL_Sv, ++s);
1524 sv_catpv(PL_Sv, "))");
1527 av_push(PL_preambleav, PL_Sv);
1528 scriptname = BIT_BUCKET; /* don't look for script or read stdin */
1531 PL_doextract = TRUE;
1539 if (!*++s || isSPACE(*s)) {
1543 /* catch use of gnu style long options */
1544 if (strEQ(s, "version")) {
1548 if (strEQ(s, "help")) {
1555 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Unrecognized switch: -%s (-h will show valid options)",s);
1561 #ifndef SECURE_INTERNAL_GETENV
1564 (s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL5OPT")))
1566 const char *popt = s;
1569 if (*s == '-' && *(s+1) == 'T') {
1570 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('T');
1572 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
1575 char *popt_copy = Nullch;
1588 if (!strchr("DIMUdmtwA", *s))
1589 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Illegal switch in PERL5OPT: -%c", *s);
1593 popt_copy = SvPVX(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(popt,0)));
1594 s = popt_copy + (s - popt);
1595 d = popt_copy + (d - popt);
1602 if( !PL_tainting ) {
1603 PL_taint_warn = TRUE;
1613 #ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
1616 PL_preambleav = newAV();
1617 av_unshift(PL_preambleav, 1);
1618 (void)av_store(PL_preambleav, 0, Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "BEGIN { do '%s/sitecustomize.pl' }", SITELIB_EXP));
1622 if (PL_taint_warn && PL_dowarn != G_WARN_ALL_OFF) {
1623 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = newSVpvn(WARN_TAINTstring, WARNsize);
1627 scriptname = argv[0];
1630 scriptname = BIT_BUCKET; /* don't look for script or read stdin */
1632 else if (scriptname == Nullch) {
1634 if ( PerlLIO_isatty(PerlIO_fileno(PerlIO_stdin())) )
1640 /* Set $^X early so that it can be used for relocatable paths in @INC */
1641 assert (!PL_tainted);
1643 S_set_caret_X(aTHX);
1647 open_script(scriptname,dosearch,sv);
1649 validate_suid(validarg, scriptname);
1652 #if defined(SIGCHLD) || defined(SIGCLD)
1655 # define SIGCHLD SIGCLD
1657 Sighandler_t sigstate = rsignal_state(SIGCHLD);
1658 if (sigstate == SIG_IGN) {
1659 if (ckWARN(WARN_SIGNAL))
1660 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_SIGNAL),
1661 "Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default");
1662 (void)rsignal(SIGCHLD, (Sighandler_t)SIG_DFL);
1668 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1669 if (PL_doextract || gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
1674 if (cddir && PerlDir_chdir( (char *)cddir ) < 0)
1675 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't chdir to %s",cddir);
1679 PL_main_cv = PL_compcv = (CV*)NEWSV(1104,0);
1680 sv_upgrade((SV *)PL_compcv, SVt_PVCV);
1681 CvUNIQUE_on(PL_compcv);
1683 CvPADLIST(PL_compcv) = pad_new(0);
1684 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
1685 CvOWNER(PL_compcv) = 0;
1686 New(666, CvMUTEXP(PL_compcv), 1, perl_mutex);
1687 MUTEX_INIT(CvMUTEXP(PL_compcv));
1688 #endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
1691 boot_core_UNIVERSAL();
1692 boot_core_xsutils();
1695 (*xsinit)(aTHX); /* in case linked C routines want magical variables */
1697 #if defined(VMS) || defined(WIN32) || defined(DJGPP) || defined(__CYGWIN__) || defined(EPOC)
1703 # ifdef HAS_SOCKS5_INIT
1704 socks5_init(argv[0]);
1710 init_predump_symbols();
1711 /* init_postdump_symbols not currently designed to be called */
1712 /* more than once (ENV isn't cleared first, for example) */
1713 /* But running with -u leaves %ENV & @ARGV undefined! XXX */
1715 init_postdump_symbols(argc,argv,env);
1717 /* PL_unicode is turned on by -C, or by $ENV{PERL_UNICODE},
1718 * or explicitly in some platforms.
1719 * locale.c:Perl_init_i18nl10n() if the environment
1720 * look like the user wants to use UTF-8. */
1721 #if defined(SYMBIAN)
1722 PL_unicode = PERL_UNICODE_STD_FLAG; /* See PERL_SYMBIAN_CONSOLE_UTF8. */
1725 /* Requires init_predump_symbols(). */
1726 if (!(PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_LOCALE_FLAG) || PL_utf8locale) {
1731 /* Turn on UTF-8-ness on STDIN, STDOUT, STDERR
1732 * and the default open disciplines. */
1733 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDIN_FLAG) &&
1734 PL_stdingv && (io = GvIO(PL_stdingv)) &&
1736 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
1737 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDOUT_FLAG) &&
1738 PL_defoutgv && (io = GvIO(PL_defoutgv)) &&
1740 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
1741 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDERR_FLAG) &&
1742 PL_stderrgv && (io = GvIO(PL_stderrgv)) &&
1744 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
1745 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_INOUT_FLAG) &&
1746 (sv = GvSV(gv_fetchpv("\017PEN", TRUE, SVt_PV)))) {
1747 U32 in = PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_IN_FLAG;
1748 U32 out = PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_OUT_FLAG;
1751 sv_setpvn(sv, ":utf8\0:utf8", 11);
1753 sv_setpvn(sv, ":utf8\0", 6);
1756 sv_setpvn(sv, "\0:utf8", 6);
1762 if ((s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_SIGNALS"))) {
1763 if (strEQ(s, "unsafe"))
1764 PL_signals |= PERL_SIGNALS_UNSAFE_FLAG;
1765 else if (strEQ(s, "safe"))
1766 PL_signals &= ~PERL_SIGNALS_UNSAFE_FLAG;
1768 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "PERL_SIGNALS illegal: \"%s\"", s);
1773 /* now parse the script */
1775 SETERRNO(0,SS_NORMAL);
1777 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1778 if (gMacPerl_SyntaxError = (yyparse() || PL_error_count)) {
1780 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s had compilation errors.\n", MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
1782 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Execution of %s aborted due to compilation errors.\n",
1783 MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
1787 if (yyparse() || PL_error_count) {
1789 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s had compilation errors.\n", PL_origfilename);
1791 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Execution of %s aborted due to compilation errors.\n",
1796 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, 0);
1797 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
1798 PL_preprocess = FALSE;
1800 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
1801 PL_e_script = Nullsv;
1808 SAVECOPFILE(PL_curcop);
1809 SAVECOPLINE(PL_curcop);
1810 gv_check(PL_defstash);
1817 if ((s=PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS")) && atoi(s) >= 2)
1818 dump_mstats("after compilation:");
1827 =for apidoc perl_run
1829 Tells a Perl interpreter to run. See L<perlembed>.
1841 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
1849 cxstack_ix = -1; /* start context stack again */
1851 case 0: /* normal completion */
1855 case 2: /* my_exit() */
1856 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
1859 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
1860 if (!(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_DESTRUCT_END) &&
1861 PL_endav && !PL_minus_c)
1862 call_list(oldscope, PL_endav);
1864 if (PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS"))
1865 dump_mstats("after execution: ");
1867 ret = STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
1871 POPSTACK_TO(PL_mainstack);
1874 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: restartop\n");
1886 S_run_body(pTHX_ I32 oldscope)
1888 DEBUG_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "%s $` $& $' support.\n",
1889 PL_sawampersand ? "Enabling" : "Omitting"));
1891 if (!PL_restartop) {
1892 DEBUG_x(dump_all());
1894 PERL_DEBUG(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "\nEXECUTING...\n\n"));
1895 DEBUG_S(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "main thread is 0x%"UVxf"\n",
1899 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1900 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "%s%s syntax OK\n",
1901 (gMacPerl_ErrorFormat ? "# " : ""),
1902 MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
1904 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "%s syntax OK\n", PL_origfilename);
1908 if (PERLDB_SINGLE && PL_DBsingle)
1909 sv_setiv(PL_DBsingle, 1);
1911 call_list(oldscope, PL_initav);
1917 PL_op = PL_restartop;
1921 else if (PL_main_start) {
1922 CvDEPTH(PL_main_cv) = 1;
1923 PL_op = PL_main_start;
1931 =head1 SV Manipulation Functions
1933 =for apidoc p||get_sv
1935 Returns the SV of the specified Perl scalar. If C<create> is set and the
1936 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
1937 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
1943 Perl_get_sv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
1946 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
1947 if (name[1] == '\0' && !isALPHA(name[0])) {
1948 PADOFFSET tmp = find_threadsv(name);
1949 if (tmp != NOT_IN_PAD)
1950 return THREADSV(tmp);
1952 #endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
1953 gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PV);
1960 =head1 Array Manipulation Functions
1962 =for apidoc p||get_av
1964 Returns the AV of the specified Perl array. If C<create> is set and the
1965 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
1966 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
1972 Perl_get_av(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
1974 GV* gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVAV);
1983 =head1 Hash Manipulation Functions
1985 =for apidoc p||get_hv
1987 Returns the HV of the specified Perl hash. If C<create> is set and the
1988 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
1989 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
1995 Perl_get_hv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
1997 GV* gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVHV);
2006 =head1 CV Manipulation Functions
2008 =for apidoc p||get_cv
2010 Returns the CV of the specified Perl subroutine. If C<create> is set and
2011 the Perl subroutine does not exist then it will be declared (which has the
2012 same effect as saying C<sub name;>). If C<create> is not set and the
2013 subroutine does not exist then NULL is returned.
2019 Perl_get_cv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
2021 GV* gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVCV);
2022 /* XXX unsafe for threads if eval_owner isn't held */
2023 /* XXX this is probably not what they think they're getting.
2024 * It has the same effect as "sub name;", i.e. just a forward
2026 if (create && !GvCVu(gv))
2027 return newSUB(start_subparse(FALSE, 0),
2028 newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSVpv(name,0)),
2036 /* Be sure to refetch the stack pointer after calling these routines. */
2040 =head1 Callback Functions
2042 =for apidoc p||call_argv
2044 Performs a callback to the specified Perl sub. See L<perlcall>.
2050 Perl_call_argv(pTHX_ const char *sub_name, I32 flags, register char **argv)
2052 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2053 /* null terminated arg list */
2060 XPUSHs(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(*argv,0)));
2065 return call_pv(sub_name, flags);
2069 =for apidoc p||call_pv
2071 Performs a callback to the specified Perl sub. See L<perlcall>.
2077 Perl_call_pv(pTHX_ const char *sub_name, I32 flags)
2078 /* name of the subroutine */
2079 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2081 return call_sv((SV*)get_cv(sub_name, TRUE), flags);
2085 =for apidoc p||call_method
2087 Performs a callback to the specified Perl method. The blessed object must
2088 be on the stack. See L<perlcall>.
2094 Perl_call_method(pTHX_ const char *methname, I32 flags)
2095 /* name of the subroutine */
2096 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2098 return call_sv(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(methname,0)), flags | G_METHOD);
2101 /* May be called with any of a CV, a GV, or an SV containing the name. */
2103 =for apidoc p||call_sv
2105 Performs a callback to the Perl sub whose name is in the SV. See
2112 Perl_call_sv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
2113 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2116 LOGOP myop; /* fake syntax tree node */
2119 volatile I32 retval = 0;
2121 bool oldcatch = CATCH_GET;
2126 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2131 Zero(&myop, 1, LOGOP);
2132 myop.op_next = Nullop;
2133 if (!(flags & G_NOARGS))
2134 myop.op_flags |= OPf_STACKED;
2135 myop.op_flags |= ((flags & G_VOID) ? OPf_WANT_VOID :
2136 (flags & G_ARRAY) ? OPf_WANT_LIST :
2141 EXTEND(PL_stack_sp, 1);
2142 *++PL_stack_sp = sv;
2144 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
2146 if (PERLDB_SUB && PL_curstash != PL_debstash
2147 /* Handle first BEGIN of -d. */
2148 && (PL_DBcv || (PL_DBcv = GvCV(PL_DBsub)))
2149 /* Try harder, since this may have been a sighandler, thus
2150 * curstash may be meaningless. */
2151 && (SvTYPE(sv) != SVt_PVCV || CvSTASH((CV*)sv) != PL_debstash)
2152 && !(flags & G_NODEBUG))
2153 PL_op->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_DB;
2155 if (flags & G_METHOD) {
2156 Zero(&method_op, 1, UNOP);
2157 method_op.op_next = PL_op;
2158 method_op.op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_METHOD];
2159 myop.op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_ENTERSUB];
2160 PL_op = (OP*)&method_op;
2163 if (!(flags & G_EVAL)) {
2165 call_body((OP*)&myop, FALSE);
2166 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2167 CATCH_SET(oldcatch);
2170 myop.op_other = (OP*)&myop;
2172 /* we're trying to emulate pp_entertry() here */
2174 register PERL_CONTEXT *cx;
2175 I32 gimme = GIMME_V;
2180 PUSHBLOCK(cx, (CXt_EVAL|CXp_TRYBLOCK), PL_stack_sp);
2182 PL_eval_root = PL_op; /* Only needed so that goto works right. */
2184 PL_in_eval = EVAL_INEVAL;
2185 if (flags & G_KEEPERR)
2186 PL_in_eval |= EVAL_KEEPERR;
2196 call_body((OP*)&myop, FALSE);
2197 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2198 if (!(flags & G_KEEPERR))
2205 /* my_exit() was called */
2206 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2209 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED))
2210 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Callback called exit");
2215 PL_op = PL_restartop;
2219 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2220 if (flags & G_ARRAY)
2224 *++PL_stack_sp = &PL_sv_undef;
2229 if (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope) {
2233 register PERL_CONTEXT *cx;
2244 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2245 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2255 S_call_body(pTHX_ const OP *myop, bool is_eval)
2257 if (PL_op == myop) {
2259 PL_op = Perl_pp_entereval(aTHX); /* this doesn't do a POPMARK */
2261 PL_op = Perl_pp_entersub(aTHX); /* this does */
2267 /* Eval a string. The G_EVAL flag is always assumed. */
2270 =for apidoc p||eval_sv
2272 Tells Perl to C<eval> the string in the SV.
2278 Perl_eval_sv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
2280 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2283 UNOP myop; /* fake syntax tree node */
2284 volatile I32 oldmark = SP - PL_stack_base;
2285 volatile I32 retval = 0;
2291 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2298 Zero(PL_op, 1, UNOP);
2299 EXTEND(PL_stack_sp, 1);
2300 *++PL_stack_sp = sv;
2301 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
2303 if (!(flags & G_NOARGS))
2304 myop.op_flags = OPf_STACKED;
2305 myop.op_next = Nullop;
2306 myop.op_type = OP_ENTEREVAL;
2307 myop.op_flags |= ((flags & G_VOID) ? OPf_WANT_VOID :
2308 (flags & G_ARRAY) ? OPf_WANT_LIST :
2310 if (flags & G_KEEPERR)
2311 myop.op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL;
2313 /* fail now; otherwise we could fail after the JMPENV_PUSH but
2314 * before a PUSHEVAL, which corrupts the stack after a croak */
2315 TAINT_PROPER("eval_sv()");
2321 call_body((OP*)&myop,TRUE);
2322 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2323 if (!(flags & G_KEEPERR))
2330 /* my_exit() was called */
2331 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2334 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED))
2335 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Callback called exit");
2340 PL_op = PL_restartop;
2344 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2345 if (flags & G_ARRAY)
2349 *++PL_stack_sp = &PL_sv_undef;
2355 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2356 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2366 =for apidoc p||eval_pv
2368 Tells Perl to C<eval> the given string and return an SV* result.
2374 Perl_eval_pv(pTHX_ const char *p, I32 croak_on_error)
2377 SV* sv = newSVpv(p, 0);
2379 eval_sv(sv, G_SCALAR);
2386 if (croak_on_error && SvTRUE(ERRSV)) {
2388 Perl_croak(aTHX_ SvPVx(ERRSV, n_a));
2394 /* Require a module. */
2397 =head1 Embedding Functions
2399 =for apidoc p||require_pv
2401 Tells Perl to C<require> the file named by the string argument. It is
2402 analogous to the Perl code C<eval "require '$file'">. It's even
2403 implemented that way; consider using load_module instead.
2408 Perl_require_pv(pTHX_ const char *pv)
2412 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_REQUIRE);
2414 sv = sv_newmortal();
2415 sv_setpv(sv, "require '");
2418 eval_sv(sv, G_DISCARD);
2424 Perl_magicname(pTHX_ const char *sym, const char *name, I32 namlen)
2428 if ((gv = gv_fetchpv(sym,TRUE, SVt_PV)))
2429 sv_magic(GvSV(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, namlen);
2433 S_usage(pTHX_ const char *name) /* XXX move this out into a module ? */
2435 /* This message really ought to be max 23 lines.
2436 * Removed -h because the user already knows that option. Others? */
2438 static const char * const usage_msg[] = {
2439 "-0[octal] specify record separator (\\0, if no argument)",
2440 "-A[name] activate all/given assertions",
2441 "-a autosplit mode with -n or -p (splits $_ into @F)",
2442 "-C[number/list] enables the listed Unicode features",
2443 "-c check syntax only (runs BEGIN and CHECK blocks)",
2444 "-d[:debugger] run program under debugger",
2445 "-D[number/list] set debugging flags (argument is a bit mask or alphabets)",
2446 "-e program one line of program (several -e's allowed, omit programfile)",
2447 #ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
2448 "-f don't do $sitelib/sitecustomize.pl at startup",
2450 "-F/pattern/ split() pattern for -a switch (//'s are optional)",
2451 "-i[extension] edit <> files in place (makes backup if extension supplied)",
2452 "-Idirectory specify @INC/#include directory (several -I's allowed)",
2453 "-l[octal] enable line ending processing, specifies line terminator",
2454 "-[mM][-]module execute `use/no module...' before executing program",
2455 "-n assume 'while (<>) { ... }' loop around program",
2456 "-p assume loop like -n but print line also, like sed",
2457 "-P run program through C preprocessor before compilation",
2458 "-s enable rudimentary parsing for switches after programfile",
2459 "-S look for programfile using PATH environment variable",
2460 "-t enable tainting warnings",
2461 "-T enable tainting checks",
2462 "-u dump core after parsing program",
2463 "-U allow unsafe operations",
2464 "-v print version, subversion (includes VERY IMPORTANT perl info)",
2465 "-V[:variable] print configuration summary (or a single Config.pm variable)",
2466 "-w enable many useful warnings (RECOMMENDED)",
2467 "-W enable all warnings",
2468 "-x[directory] strip off text before #!perl line and perhaps cd to directory",
2469 "-X disable all warnings",
2473 const char * const *p = usage_msg;
2475 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2476 "\nUsage: %s [switches] [--] [programfile] [arguments]",
2479 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(), "\n %s", *p++);
2482 /* convert a string of -D options (or digits) into an int.
2483 * sets *s to point to the char after the options */
2487 Perl_get_debug_opts(pTHX_ const char **s, bool givehelp)
2489 static const char * const usage_msgd[] = {
2490 " Debugging flag values: (see also -d)",
2491 " p Tokenizing and parsing (with v, displays parse stack)",
2492 " s Stack snapshots (with v, displays all stacks)",
2493 " l Context (loop) stack processing",
2494 " t Trace execution",
2495 " o Method and overloading resolution",
2496 " c String/numeric conversions",
2497 " P Print profiling info, preprocessor command for -P, source file input state",
2498 " m Memory allocation",
2499 " f Format processing",
2500 " r Regular expression parsing and execution",
2501 " x Syntax tree dump",
2502 " u Tainting checks",
2503 " H Hash dump -- usurps values()",
2504 " X Scratchpad allocation",
2506 " S Thread synchronization",
2508 " R Include reference counts of dumped variables (eg when using -Ds)",
2509 " J Do not s,t,P-debug (Jump over) opcodes within package DB",
2510 " v Verbose: use in conjunction with other flags",
2512 " A Consistency checks on internal structures",
2513 " q quiet - currently only suppresses the 'EXECUTING' message",
2518 /* if adding extra options, remember to update DEBUG_MASK */
2519 static const char debopts[] = "psltocPmfrxu HXDSTRJvCAq";
2521 for (; isALNUM(**s); (*s)++) {
2522 const char *d = strchr(debopts,**s);
2524 i |= 1 << (d - debopts);
2525 else if (ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
2526 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
2527 "invalid option -D%c, use -D'' to see choices\n", **s);
2530 else if (isDIGIT(**s)) {
2532 for (; isALNUM(**s); (*s)++) ;
2534 else if (givehelp) {
2535 char **p = (char **)usage_msgd;
2536 while (*p) PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(), "%s\n", *p++);
2539 if ((i & DEBUG_p_FLAG) && ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
2540 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
2541 "-Dp not implemented on this platform\n");
2547 /* This routine handles any switches that can be given during run */
2550 Perl_moreswitches(pTHX_ char *s)
2561 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rs);
2562 if (s[1] == 'x' && s[2]) {
2566 for (s += 2, e = s; *e; e++);
2568 flags = PERL_SCAN_SILENT_ILLDIGIT;
2569 rschar = (U32)grok_hex(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
2570 if (s + numlen < e) {
2571 rschar = 0; /* Grandfather -0xFOO as -0 -xFOO. */
2575 PL_rs = newSVpvn("", 0);
2576 SvGROW(PL_rs, (STRLEN)(UNISKIP(rschar) + 1));
2577 tmps = (U8*)SvPVX(PL_rs);
2578 uvchr_to_utf8(tmps, rschar);
2579 SvCUR_set(PL_rs, UNISKIP(rschar));
2584 rschar = (U32)grok_oct(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
2585 if (rschar & ~((U8)~0))
2586 PL_rs = &PL_sv_undef;
2587 else if (!rschar && numlen >= 2)
2588 PL_rs = newSVpvn("", 0);
2590 char ch = (char)rschar;
2591 PL_rs = newSVpvn(&ch, 1);
2594 sv_setsv(get_sv("/", TRUE), PL_rs);
2599 PL_unicode = parse_unicode_opts( (const char **)&s );
2604 while (*s && !isSPACE(*s)) ++s;
2606 PL_splitstr = savepv(PL_splitstr);
2620 /* -dt indicates to the debugger that threads will be used */
2621 if (*s == 't' && !isALNUM(s[1])) {
2623 my_setenv("PERL5DB_THREADED", "1");
2626 /* The following permits -d:Mod to accepts arguments following an =
2627 in the fashion that -MSome::Mod does. */
2628 if (*s == ':' || *s == '=') {
2631 sv = newSVpv("use Devel::", 0);
2633 /* We now allow -d:Module=Foo,Bar */
2634 while(isALNUM(*s) || *s==':') ++s;
2636 sv_catpv(sv, start);
2638 sv_catpvn(sv, start, s-start);
2639 sv_catpv(sv, " split(/,/,q{");
2644 my_setenv("PERL5DB", SvPV(sv, PL_na));
2647 PL_perldb = PERLDB_ALL;
2656 PL_debug = get_debug_opts( (const char **)&s, 1) | DEBUG_TOP_FLAG;
2657 #else /* !DEBUGGING */
2658 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
2659 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
2660 "Recompile perl with -DDEBUGGING to use -D switch (did you mean -d ?)\n");
2661 for (s++; isALNUM(*s); s++) ;
2667 usage(PL_origargv[0]);
2671 Safefree(PL_inplace);
2672 #if defined(__CYGWIN__) /* do backup extension automagically */
2673 if (*(s+1) == '\0') {
2674 PL_inplace = savepv(".bak");
2677 #endif /* __CYGWIN__ */
2678 PL_inplace = savepv(s+1);
2680 for (s = PL_inplace; *s && !isSPACE(*s); s++) ;
2683 if (*s == '-') /* Additional switches on #! line. */
2687 case 'I': /* -I handled both here and in parse_body() */
2690 while (*s && isSPACE(*s))
2695 /* ignore trailing spaces (possibly followed by other switches) */
2697 for (e = p; *e && !isSPACE(*e); e++) ;
2701 } while (*p && *p != '-');
2702 e = savepvn(s, e-s);
2703 incpush(e, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE, FALSE);
2710 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No directory specified for -I");
2716 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ors_sv);
2721 PL_ors_sv = newSVpvn("\n",1);
2722 numlen = 3 + (*s == '0');
2723 *SvPVX(PL_ors_sv) = (char)grok_oct(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
2727 if (RsPARA(PL_rs)) {
2728 PL_ors_sv = newSVpvn("\n\n",2);
2731 PL_ors_sv = newSVsv(PL_rs);
2738 PL_preambleav = newAV();
2740 SV *sv = newSVpv("use assertions::activate split(/,/,q", 0);
2741 sv_catpvn(sv, "\0", 1); /* Use NUL as q//-delimiter. */
2743 sv_catpvn(sv, "\0)", 2);
2745 av_push(PL_preambleav, sv);
2748 av_push(PL_preambleav, newSVpvn("use assertions::activate",24));
2751 forbid_setid("-M"); /* XXX ? */
2754 forbid_setid("-m"); /* XXX ? */
2758 const char *use = "use ";
2759 /* -M-foo == 'no foo' */
2760 if (*s == '-') { use = "no "; ++s; }
2761 sv = newSVpv(use,0);
2763 /* We allow -M'Module qw(Foo Bar)' */
2764 while(isALNUM(*s) || *s==':') ++s;
2766 sv_catpv(sv, start);
2767 if (*(start-1) == 'm') {
2769 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use '%c' after -mname", *s);
2770 sv_catpv( sv, " ()");
2774 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Module name required with -%c option",
2776 sv_catpvn(sv, start, s-start);
2777 sv_catpv(sv, " split(/,/,q");
2778 sv_catpvn(sv, "\0)", 1); /* Use NUL as q//-delimiter. */
2780 sv_catpvn(sv, "\0)", 2);
2784 PL_preambleav = newAV();
2785 av_push(PL_preambleav, sv);
2788 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Missing argument to -%c", *(s-1));
2800 PL_doswitches = TRUE;
2814 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2815 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Believe me, you don't want to use \"-u\" on a Macintosh");
2817 PL_do_undump = TRUE;
2825 if (!sv_derived_from(PL_patchlevel, "version"))
2826 (void *)upg_version(PL_patchlevel);
2828 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2829 Perl_form(aTHX_ "\nThis is perl, v%"SVf" built for %s",
2830 vstringify(PL_patchlevel),
2833 /* Adjust verbose output as in the perl that ships with the DG/UX OS from EMC */
2834 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2835 Perl_form(aTHX_ "\nThis is perl, v%"SVf"\n",
2836 vstringify(PL_patchlevel)));
2837 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2838 Perl_form(aTHX_ " built under %s at %s %s\n",
2839 OSNAME, __DATE__, __TIME__));
2840 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2841 Perl_form(aTHX_ " OS Specific Release: %s\n",
2845 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
2846 if (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT > 0)
2847 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2848 "\n(with %d registered patch%s, "
2849 "see perl -V for more detail)",
2850 (int)LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT,
2851 (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT!=1) ? "es" : "");
2854 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2855 "\n\nCopyright 1987-2005, Larry Wall\n");
2856 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2857 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2858 "\nMac OS port Copyright 1991-2002, Matthias Neeracher;\n"
2859 "maintained by Chris Nandor\n");
2862 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2863 "\nMS-DOS port Copyright (c) 1989, 1990, Diomidis Spinellis\n");
2866 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2867 "djgpp v2 port (jpl5003c) by Hirofumi Watanabe, 1996\n"
2868 "djgpp v2 port (perl5004+) by Laszlo Molnar, 1997-1999\n");
2871 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2872 "\n\nOS/2 port Copyright (c) 1990, 1991, Raymond Chen, Kai Uwe Rommel\n"
2873 "Version 5 port Copyright (c) 1994-2002, Andreas Kaiser, Ilya Zakharevich\n");
2876 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2877 "atariST series port, ++jrb bammi@cadence.com\n");
2880 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2881 "BeOS port Copyright Tom Spindler, 1997-1999\n");
2884 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2885 "MPE/iX port Copyright by Mark Klein and Mark Bixby, 1996-2003\n");
2888 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2889 "MVS (OS390) port by Mortice Kern Systems, 1997-1999\n");
2892 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2893 "Stratus VOS port by Paul.Green@stratus.com, 1997-2002\n");
2896 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2897 "VM/ESA port by Neale Ferguson, 1998-1999\n");
2900 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2901 "BS2000 (POSIX) port by Start Amadeus GmbH, 1998-1999\n");
2904 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2905 "MiNT port by Guido Flohr, 1997-1999\n");
2908 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2909 "EPOC port by Olaf Flebbe, 1999-2002\n");
2912 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),"WINCE port by Rainer Keuchel, 2001-2002\n");
2913 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),"Built on " __DATE__ " " __TIME__ "\n\n");
2917 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2918 "Symbian port by Nokia, 2004-2005\n");
2920 #ifdef BINARY_BUILD_NOTICE
2921 BINARY_BUILD_NOTICE;
2923 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2925 Perl may be copied only under the terms of either the Artistic License or the\n\
2926 GNU General Public License, which may be found in the Perl 5 source kit.\n\n\
2927 Complete documentation for Perl, including FAQ lists, should be found on\n\
2928 this system using `man perl' or `perldoc perl'. If you have access to the\n\
2929 Internet, point your browser at http://www.perl.org/, the Perl Home Page.\n\n");
2932 if (! (PL_dowarn & G_WARN_ALL_MASK))
2933 PL_dowarn |= G_WARN_ON;
2937 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_ALL_ON|G_WARN_ON;
2938 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
2939 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
2940 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = pWARN_ALL ;
2944 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_ALL_OFF;
2945 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
2946 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
2947 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = pWARN_NONE ;
2952 if (s[1] == '-') /* Additional switches on #! line. */
2957 #if defined(WIN32) || !defined(PERL_STRICT_CR)
2963 #ifdef ALTERNATE_SHEBANG
2964 case 'S': /* OS/2 needs -S on "extproc" line. */
2972 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't emulate -%.1s on #! line",s);
2977 /* compliments of Tom Christiansen */
2979 /* unexec() can be found in the Gnu emacs distribution */
2980 /* Known to work with -DUNEXEC and using unexelf.c from GNU emacs-20.2 */
2983 Perl_my_unexec(pTHX)
2991 prog = newSVpv(BIN_EXP, 0);
2992 sv_catpv(prog, "/perl");
2993 file = newSVpv(PL_origfilename, 0);
2994 sv_catpv(file, ".perldump");
2996 unexec(SvPVX(file), SvPVX(prog), &etext, sbrk(0), 0);
2997 /* unexec prints msg to stderr in case of failure */
2998 PerlProc_exit(status);
3001 # include <lib$routines.h>
3002 lib$signal(SS$_DEBUG); /* ssdef.h #included from vmsish.h */
3004 ABORT(); /* for use with undump */
3009 /* initialize curinterp */
3015 # define PERLVAR(var,type)
3016 # define PERLVARA(var,n,type)
3017 # if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
3018 # if defined(USE_5005THREADS)
3019 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
3020 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
3021 # else /* !USE_5005THREADS */
3022 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) aTHX->var = init;
3023 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) aTHX->var = init;
3024 # endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
3026 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
3027 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
3029 # include "intrpvar.h"
3030 # ifndef USE_5005THREADS
3031 # include "thrdvar.h"
3038 # define PERLVAR(var,type)
3039 # define PERLVARA(var,n,type)
3040 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PL_##var = init;
3041 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PL_##var = init;
3042 # include "intrpvar.h"
3043 # ifndef USE_5005THREADS
3044 # include "thrdvar.h"
3055 S_init_main_stash(pTHX)
3059 PL_curstash = PL_defstash = newHV();
3060 PL_curstname = newSVpvn("main",4);
3061 gv = gv_fetchpv("main::",TRUE, SVt_PVHV);
3062 SvREFCNT_dec(GvHV(gv));
3063 GvHV(gv) = (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(PL_defstash);
3065 HvNAME(PL_defstash) = savepvn("main", 4);
3066 PL_incgv = gv_HVadd(gv_AVadd(gv_fetchpv("INC",TRUE, SVt_PVAV)));
3067 GvMULTI_on(PL_incgv);
3068 PL_hintgv = gv_fetchpv("\010",TRUE, SVt_PV); /* ^H */
3069 GvMULTI_on(PL_hintgv);
3070 PL_defgv = gv_fetchpv("_",TRUE, SVt_PVAV);
3071 PL_errgv = gv_HVadd(gv_fetchpv("@", TRUE, SVt_PV));
3072 GvMULTI_on(PL_errgv);
3073 PL_replgv = gv_fetchpv("\022", TRUE, SVt_PV); /* ^R */
3074 GvMULTI_on(PL_replgv);
3075 (void)Perl_form(aTHX_ "%240s",""); /* Preallocate temp - for immediate signals. */
3076 sv_grow(ERRSV, 240); /* Preallocate - for immediate signals. */
3077 sv_setpvn(ERRSV, "", 0);
3078 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
3079 CopSTASH_set(&PL_compiling, PL_defstash);
3080 PL_debstash = GvHV(gv_fetchpv("DB::", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
3081 PL_globalstash = GvHV(gv_fetchpv("CORE::GLOBAL::", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
3082 /* We must init $/ before switches are processed. */
3083 sv_setpvn(get_sv("/", TRUE), "\n", 1);
3086 /* PSz 18 Nov 03 fdscript now global but do not change prototype */
3088 S_open_script(pTHX_ const char *scriptname, bool dosearch, SV *sv)
3093 const char *cpp_discard_flag;
3102 PL_origfilename = savepvn("-e", 2);
3105 /* if find_script() returns, it returns a malloc()-ed value */
3106 scriptname = PL_origfilename = find_script(scriptname, dosearch, NULL, 1);
3108 if (strnEQ(scriptname, "/dev/fd/", 8) && isDIGIT(scriptname[8]) ) {
3109 const char *s = scriptname + 8;
3110 PL_fdscript = atoi(s);
3115 * Tell apart "normal" usage of fdscript, e.g.
3116 * with bash on FreeBSD:
3117 * perl <( echo '#!perl -DA'; echo 'print "$0\n"')
3118 * from usage in suidperl.
3119 * Does any "normal" usage leave garbage after the number???
3120 * Is it a mistake to use a similar /dev/fd/ construct for
3125 * Be supersafe and do some sanity-checks.
3126 * Still, can we be sure we got the right thing?
3129 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Wrong syntax (suid) fd script name \"%s\"\n", s);
3132 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Missing (suid) fd script name\n");
3134 scriptname = savepv(s + 1);
3135 Safefree(PL_origfilename);
3136 PL_origfilename = (char *)scriptname;
3141 CopFILE_free(PL_curcop);
3142 CopFILE_set(PL_curcop, PL_origfilename);
3143 if (*PL_origfilename == '-' && PL_origfilename[1] == '\0')
3144 scriptname = (char *)"";
3145 if (PL_fdscript >= 0) {
3146 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_fdopen(PL_fdscript,PERL_SCRIPT_MODE);
3147 # if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3149 /* ensure close-on-exec */
3150 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,1);
3155 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "sperl needs fd script\n"
3156 "You should not call sperl directly; do you need to "
3157 "change a #! line\nfrom sperl to perl?\n");
3160 * Do not open (or do other fancy stuff) while setuid.
3161 * Perl does the open, and hands script to suidperl on a fd;
3162 * suidperl only does some checks, sets up UIDs and re-execs
3163 * perl with that fd as it has always done.
3166 if (PL_suidscript != 1) {
3167 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "suidperl needs (suid) fd script\n");
3170 else if (PL_preprocess) {
3171 const char *cpp_cfg = CPPSTDIN;
3172 SV *cpp = newSVpvn("",0);
3173 SV *cmd = NEWSV(0,0);
3175 if (cpp_cfg[0] == 0) /* PERL_MICRO? */
3176 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't run with cpp -P with CPPSTDIN undefined");
3177 if (strEQ(cpp_cfg, "cppstdin"))
3178 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ cpp, "%s/", BIN_EXP);
3179 sv_catpv(cpp, cpp_cfg);
3182 sv_catpvn(sv, "-I", 2);
3183 sv_catpv(sv,PRIVLIB_EXP);
3186 DEBUG_P(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3187 "PL_preprocess: scriptname=\"%s\", cpp=\"%s\", sv=\"%s\", CPPMINUS=\"%s\"\n",
3188 scriptname, SvPVX (cpp), SvPVX (sv), CPPMINUS));
3190 # if defined(MSDOS) || defined(WIN32) || defined(VMS)
3197 cpp_discard_flag = "";
3199 cpp_discard_flag = "-C";
3203 perl = os2_execname(aTHX);
3205 perl = PL_origargv[0];
3209 /* This strips off Perl comments which might interfere with
3210 the C pre-processor, including #!. #line directives are
3211 deliberately stripped to avoid confusion with Perl's version
3212 of #line. FWP played some golf with it so it will fit
3213 into VMS's 255 character buffer.
3216 code = "(1../^#!.*perl/i)|/^\\s*#(?!\\s*((ifn?|un)def|(el|end)?if|define|include|else|error|pragma)\\b)/||!($|=1)||print";
3218 code = "/^\\s*#(?!\\s*((ifn?|un)def|(el|end)?if|define|include|else|error|pragma)\\b)/||!($|=1)||print";
3220 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ cmd, "\
3221 %s -ne%s%s%s %s | %"SVf" %s %"SVf" %s",
3222 perl, quote, code, quote, scriptname, cpp,
3223 cpp_discard_flag, sv, CPPMINUS);
3225 PL_doextract = FALSE;
3227 DEBUG_P(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3228 "PL_preprocess: cmd=\"%s\"\n",
3231 PL_rsfp = PerlProc_popen(SvPVX(cmd), (char *)"r");
3235 else if (!*scriptname) {
3236 forbid_setid("program input from stdin");
3237 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_stdin();
3240 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_open(scriptname,PERL_SCRIPT_MODE);
3241 # if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3243 /* ensure close-on-exec */
3244 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,1);
3247 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3249 /* PSz 16 Sep 03 Keep neat error message */
3250 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't open perl script \"%s\": %s\n",
3251 CopFILE(PL_curcop), Strerror(errno));
3256 * I_SYSSTATVFS HAS_FSTATVFS
3258 * I_STATFS HAS_FSTATFS HAS_GETFSSTAT
3259 * I_MNTENT HAS_GETMNTENT HAS_HASMNTOPT
3260 * here so that metaconfig picks them up. */
3264 S_fd_on_nosuid_fs(pTHX_ int fd)
3267 * We used to do this as "plain" user (after swapping UIDs with setreuid);
3268 * but is needed also on machines without setreuid.
3269 * Seems safe enough to run as root.
3271 int check_okay = 0; /* able to do all the required sys/libcalls */
3272 int on_nosuid = 0; /* the fd is on a nosuid fs */
3274 * Need to check noexec also: nosuid might not be set, the average
3275 * sysadmin would say that nosuid is irrelevant once he sets noexec.
3277 int on_noexec = 0; /* the fd is on a noexec fs */
3280 * Preferred order: fstatvfs(), fstatfs(), ustat()+getmnt(), getmntent().
3281 * fstatvfs() is UNIX98.
3282 * fstatfs() is 4.3 BSD.
3283 * ustat()+getmnt() is pre-4.3 BSD.
3284 * getmntent() is O(number-of-mounted-filesystems) and can hang on
3285 * an irrelevant filesystem while trying to reach the right one.
3288 #undef FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY /* found the syscalls to do the check? */
3290 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3291 defined(HAS_FSTATVFS)
3292 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3293 struct statvfs stfs;
3295 check_okay = fstatvfs(fd, &stfs) == 0;
3296 on_nosuid = check_okay && (stfs.f_flag & ST_NOSUID);
3298 /* ST_NOEXEC certainly absent on AIX 5.1, and doesn't seem to be documented
3299 on platforms where it is present. */
3300 on_noexec = check_okay && (stfs.f_flag & ST_NOEXEC);
3302 # endif /* fstatvfs */
3304 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3305 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID) && \
3306 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC) && \
3307 defined(HAS_FSTATFS) && \
3308 defined(HAS_STRUCT_STATFS) && \
3309 defined(HAS_STRUCT_STATFS_F_FLAGS)
3310 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3313 check_okay = fstatfs(fd, &stfs) == 0;
3314 on_nosuid = check_okay && (stfs.f_flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID);
3315 on_noexec = check_okay && (stfs.f_flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC);
3316 # endif /* fstatfs */
3318 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3319 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID) && \
3320 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC) && \
3321 defined(HAS_FSTAT) && \
3322 defined(HAS_USTAT) && \
3323 defined(HAS_GETMNT) && \
3324 defined(HAS_STRUCT_FS_DATA) && \
3326 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3329 if (fstat(fd, &fdst) == 0) {
3331 if (ustat(fdst.st_dev, &us) == 0) {
3333 /* NOSTAT_ONE here because we're not examining fields which
3334 * vary between that case and STAT_ONE. */
3335 if (getmnt((int*)0, &fsd, (int)0, NOSTAT_ONE, us.f_fname) == 0) {
3336 size_t cmplen = sizeof(us.f_fname);
3337 if (sizeof(fsd.fd_req.path) < cmplen)
3338 cmplen = sizeof(fsd.fd_req.path);
3339 if (strnEQ(fsd.fd_req.path, us.f_fname, cmplen) &&
3340 fdst.st_dev == fsd.fd_req.dev) {
3342 on_nosuid = fsd.fd_req.flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID;
3343 on_noexec = fsd.fd_req.flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC;
3349 # endif /* fstat+ustat+getmnt */
3351 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3352 defined(HAS_GETMNTENT) && \
3353 defined(HAS_HASMNTOPT) && \
3354 defined(MNTOPT_NOSUID) && \
3355 defined(MNTOPT_NOEXEC)
3356 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3357 FILE *mtab = fopen("/etc/mtab", "r");
3358 struct mntent *entry;
3361 if (mtab && (fstat(fd, &stb) == 0)) {
3362 while (entry = getmntent(mtab)) {
3363 if (stat(entry->mnt_dir, &fsb) == 0
3364 && fsb.st_dev == stb.st_dev)
3366 /* found the filesystem */
3368 if (hasmntopt(entry, MNTOPT_NOSUID))
3370 if (hasmntopt(entry, MNTOPT_NOEXEC))
3373 } /* A single fs may well fail its stat(). */
3378 # endif /* getmntent+hasmntopt */
3381 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't check filesystem of script \"%s\" for nosuid/noexec", PL_origfilename);
3383 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script \"%s\" on nosuid filesystem", PL_origfilename);
3385 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script \"%s\" on noexec filesystem", PL_origfilename);
3386 return ((!check_okay) || on_nosuid || on_noexec);
3388 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3391 S_validate_suid(pTHX_ const char *validarg, const char *scriptname)
3396 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3398 /* do we need to emulate setuid on scripts? */
3400 /* This code is for those BSD systems that have setuid #! scripts disabled
3401 * in the kernel because of a security problem. Merely defining DOSUID
3402 * in perl will not fix that problem, but if you have disabled setuid
3403 * scripts in the kernel, this will attempt to emulate setuid and setgid
3404 * on scripts that have those now-otherwise-useless bits set. The setuid
3405 * root version must be called suidperl or sperlN.NNN. If regular perl
3406 * discovers that it has opened a setuid script, it calls suidperl with
3407 * the same argv that it had. If suidperl finds that the script it has
3408 * just opened is NOT setuid root, it sets the effective uid back to the
3409 * uid. We don't just make perl setuid root because that loses the
3410 * effective uid we had before invoking perl, if it was different from the
3413 * Description/comments above do not match current workings:
3414 * suidperl must be hardlinked to sperlN.NNN (that is what we exec);
3415 * suidperl called with script open and name changed to /dev/fd/N/X;
3416 * suidperl croaks if script is not setuid;
3417 * making perl setuid would be a huge security risk (and yes, that
3418 * would lose any euid we might have had).
3420 * DOSUID must be defined in both perl and suidperl, and IAMSUID must
3421 * be defined in suidperl only. suidperl must be setuid root. The
3422 * Configure script will set this up for you if you want it.
3428 if (PerlLIO_fstat(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),&PL_statbuf) < 0) /* normal stat is insecure */
3429 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't stat script \"%s\"",PL_origfilename);
3430 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & (S_ISUID|S_ISGID)) {
3435 if (PL_fdscript < 0 || PL_suidscript != 1)
3436 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Need (suid) fdscript in suidperl\n"); /* We already checked this */
3438 * Since the script is opened by perl, not suidperl, some of these
3439 * checks are superfluous. Leaving them in probably does not lower
3443 * Do checks even for systems with no HAS_SETREUID.
3444 * We used to swap, then re-swap UIDs with
3446 if (setreuid(PL_euid,PL_uid) < 0
3447 || PerlProc_getuid() != PL_euid || PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_uid)
3448 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't swap uid and euid");
3451 if (setreuid(PL_uid,PL_euid) < 0
3452 || PerlProc_getuid() != PL_uid || PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_euid)
3453 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't reswap uid and euid");
3457 /* On this access check to make sure the directories are readable,
3458 * there is actually a small window that the user could use to make
3459 * filename point to an accessible directory. So there is a faint
3460 * chance that someone could execute a setuid script down in a
3461 * non-accessible directory. I don't know what to do about that.
3462 * But I don't think it's too important. The manual lies when
3463 * it says access() is useful in setuid programs.
3465 * So, access() is pretty useless... but not harmful... do anyway.
3467 if (PerlLIO_access(CopFILE(PL_curcop),1)) { /*double check*/
3468 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't access() script\n");
3471 /* If we can swap euid and uid, then we can determine access rights
3472 * with a simple stat of the file, and then compare device and
3473 * inode to make sure we did stat() on the same file we opened.
3474 * Then we just have to make sure he or she can execute it.
3477 * As the script is opened by perl, not suidperl, we do not need to
3478 * care much about access rights.
3480 * The 'script changed' check is needed, or we can get lied to
3481 * about $0 with e.g.
3482 * suidperl /dev/fd/4//bin/x 4<setuidscript
3483 * Without HAS_SETREUID, is it safe to stat() as root?
3485 * Are there any operating systems that pass /dev/fd/xxx for setuid
3486 * scripts, as suggested/described in perlsec(1)? Surely they do not
3487 * pass the script name as we do, so the "script changed" test would
3488 * fail for them... but we never get here with
3489 * SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW defined.
3491 * This is one place where we must "lie" about return status: not
3492 * say if the stat() failed. We are doing this as root, and could
3493 * be tricked into reporting existence or not of files that the
3494 * "plain" user cannot even see.
3498 if (PerlLIO_stat(CopFILE(PL_curcop),&tmpstatbuf) < 0 ||
3499 tmpstatbuf.st_dev != PL_statbuf.st_dev ||
3500 tmpstatbuf.st_ino != PL_statbuf.st_ino) {
3501 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script changed\n");
3505 if (!cando(S_IXUSR,FALSE,&PL_statbuf)) /* can real uid exec? */
3506 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Real UID cannot exec script\n");
3509 * We used to do this check as the "plain" user (after swapping
3510 * UIDs). But the check for nosuid and noexec filesystem is needed,
3511 * and should be done even without HAS_SETREUID. (Maybe those
3512 * operating systems do not have such mount options anyway...)
3513 * Seems safe enough to do as root.
3515 #if !defined(NO_NOSUID_CHECK)
3516 if (fd_on_nosuid_fs(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp))) {
3517 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script on nosuid or noexec filesystem\n");
3520 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3522 if (!S_ISREG(PL_statbuf.st_mode)) {
3523 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script not plain file\n");
3525 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_IWOTH)
3526 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid/gid script is writable by world");
3527 PL_doswitches = FALSE; /* -s is insecure in suid */
3528 /* PSz 13 Nov 03 But -s was caught elsewhere ... so unsetting it here is useless(?!) */
3529 CopLINE_inc(PL_curcop);
3530 if (sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0) == Nullch ||
3531 strnNE(SvPV(PL_linestr,n_a),"#!",2) ) /* required even on Sys V */
3532 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No #! line");
3533 s = SvPV(PL_linestr,n_a)+2;
3535 /* Sanity check on line length */
3536 if (strlen(s) < 1 || strlen(s) > 4000)
3537 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Very long #! line");
3538 /* Allow more than a single space after #! */
3539 while (isSPACE(*s)) s++;
3540 /* Sanity check on buffer end */
3541 while ((*s) && !isSPACE(*s)) s++;
3542 for (s2 = s; (s2 > SvPV(PL_linestr,n_a)+2 &&
3543 (isDIGIT(s2[-1]) || s2[-1] == '.' || s2[-1] == '_'
3544 || s2[-1] == '-')); s2--) ;
3545 /* Sanity check on buffer start */
3546 if ( (s2-4 < SvPV(PL_linestr,n_a)+2 || strnNE(s2-4,"perl",4)) &&
3547 (s-9 < SvPV(PL_linestr,n_a)+2 || strnNE(s-9,"perl",4)) )
3548 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Not a perl script");
3549 while (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t') s++;
3551 * #! arg must be what we saw above. They can invoke it by
3552 * mentioning suidperl explicitly, but they may not add any strange
3553 * arguments beyond what #! says if they do invoke suidperl that way.
3556 * The way validarg was set up, we rely on the kernel to start
3557 * scripts with argv[1] set to contain all #! line switches (the
3561 * Check that we got all the arguments listed in the #! line (not
3562 * just that there are no extraneous arguments). Might not matter
3563 * much, as switches from #! line seem to be acted upon (also), and
3564 * so may be checked and trapped in perl. But, security checks must
3565 * be done in suidperl and not deferred to perl. Note that suidperl
3566 * does not get around to parsing (and checking) the switches on
3567 * the #! line (but execs perl sooner).
3568 * Allow (require) a trailing newline (which may be of two
3569 * characters on some architectures?) (but no other trailing
3572 len = strlen(validarg);
3573 if (strEQ(validarg," PHOOEY ") ||
3574 strnNE(s,validarg,len) || !isSPACE(s[len]) ||
3575 !(strlen(s) == len+1 || (strlen(s) == len+2 && isSPACE(s[len+1]))))
3576 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Args must match #! line");
3579 if (PL_fdscript < 0 &&
3580 PL_euid != PL_uid && (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID) &&
3581 PL_euid == PL_statbuf.st_uid)
3583 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "YOU HAVEN'T DISABLED SET-ID SCRIPTS IN THE KERNEL YET!\n\
3584 FIX YOUR KERNEL, OR PUT A C WRAPPER AROUND THIS SCRIPT!\n");
3585 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3587 if (PL_fdscript < 0 &&
3588 PL_euid) { /* oops, we're not the setuid root perl */
3590 * When root runs a setuid script, we do not go through the same
3591 * steps of execing sperl and then perl with fd scripts, but
3592 * simply set up UIDs within the same perl invocation; so do
3593 * not have the same checks (on options, whatever) that we have
3594 * for plain users. No problem really: would have to be a script
3595 * that does not actually work for plain users; and if root is
3596 * foolish and can be persuaded to run such an unsafe script, he
3597 * might run also non-setuid ones, and deserves what he gets.
3599 * Or, we might drop the PL_euid check above (and rely just on
3600 * PL_fdscript to avoid loops), and do the execs
3606 * Pass fd script to suidperl.
3607 * Exec suidperl, substituting fd script for scriptname.
3608 * Pass script name as "subdir" of fd, which perl will grok;
3609 * in fact will use that to distinguish this from "normal"
3610 * usage, see comments above.
3612 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
3613 PerlLIO_lseek(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),(Off_t)0,0); /* just in case rewind didn't */
3614 /* PSz 27 Feb 04 Sanity checks on scriptname */
3615 if ((!scriptname) || (!*scriptname) ) {
3616 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No setuid script name\n");
3618 if (*scriptname == '-') {
3619 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script name may not begin with dash\n");
3620 /* Or we might confuse it with an option when replacing
3621 * name in argument list, below (though we do pointer, not
3622 * string, comparisons).
3625 for (which = 1; PL_origargv[which] && PL_origargv[which] != scriptname; which++) ;
3626 if (!PL_origargv[which]) {
3627 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't change argv to have fd script\n");
3629 PL_origargv[which] = savepv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "/dev/fd/%d/%s",
3630 PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp), PL_origargv[which]));
3631 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3632 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,0); /* ensure no close-on-exec */
3635 PerlProc_execv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s/sperl"PERL_FS_VER_FMT, BIN_EXP,
3636 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
3637 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION), PL_origargv);
3639 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3640 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setuid (cannot exec sperl)\n");
3643 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISGID && PL_statbuf.st_gid != PL_egid) {
3645 * This seems back to front: we try HAS_SETEGID first; if not available
3646 * then try HAS_SETREGID; as a last chance we try HAS_SETRESGID. May be OK
3647 * in the sense that we only want to set EGID; but are there any machines
3648 * with either of the latter, but not the former? Same with UID, later.
3651 (void)setegid(PL_statbuf.st_gid);
3654 (void)setregid((Gid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_gid);
3656 #ifdef HAS_SETRESGID
3657 (void)setresgid((Gid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_gid,(Gid_t)-1);
3659 PerlProc_setgid(PL_statbuf.st_gid);
3663 if (PerlProc_getegid() != PL_statbuf.st_gid)
3664 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setegid!\n");
3666 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID) {
3667 if (PL_statbuf.st_uid != PL_euid)
3669 (void)seteuid(PL_statbuf.st_uid); /* all that for this */
3672 (void)setreuid((Uid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_uid);
3674 #ifdef HAS_SETRESUID
3675 (void)setresuid((Uid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_uid,(Uid_t)-1);
3677 PerlProc_setuid(PL_statbuf.st_uid);
3681 if (PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_statbuf.st_uid)
3682 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do seteuid!\n");
3684 else if (PL_uid) { /* oops, mustn't run as root */
3686 (void)seteuid((Uid_t)PL_uid);
3689 (void)setreuid((Uid_t)-1,(Uid_t)PL_uid);
3691 #ifdef HAS_SETRESUID
3692 (void)setresuid((Uid_t)-1,(Uid_t)PL_uid,(Uid_t)-1);
3694 PerlProc_setuid((Uid_t)PL_uid);
3698 if (PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_uid)
3699 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do seteuid!\n");
3702 if (!cando(S_IXUSR,TRUE,&PL_statbuf))
3703 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Effective UID cannot exec script\n"); /* they can't do this */
3706 else if (PL_preprocess) /* PSz 13 Nov 03 Caught elsewhere, useless(?!) here */
3707 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "-P not allowed for setuid/setgid script\n");
3708 else if (PL_fdscript < 0 || PL_suidscript != 1)
3709 /* PSz 13 Nov 03 Caught elsewhere, useless(?!) here */
3710 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "(suid) fdscript needed in suidperl\n");
3712 /* PSz 16 Sep 03 Keep neat error message */
3713 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Script is not setuid/setgid in suidperl\n");
3716 /* We absolutely must clear out any saved ids here, so we */
3717 /* exec the real perl, substituting fd script for scriptname. */
3718 /* (We pass script name as "subdir" of fd, which perl will grok.) */
3720 * It might be thought that using setresgid and/or setresuid (changed to
3721 * set the saved IDs) above might obviate the need to exec, and we could
3722 * go on to "do the perl thing".
3724 * Is there such a thing as "saved GID", and is that set for setuid (but
3725 * not setgid) execution like suidperl? Without exec, it would not be
3726 * cleared for setuid (but not setgid) scripts (or might need a dummy
3729 * We need suidperl to do the exact same argument checking that perl
3730 * does. Thus it cannot be very small; while it could be significantly
3731 * smaller, it is safer (simpler?) to make it essentially the same
3732 * binary as perl (but they are not identical). - Maybe could defer that
3733 * check to the invoked perl, and suidperl be a tiny wrapper instead;
3734 * but prefer to do thorough checks in suidperl itself. Such deferral
3735 * would make suidperl security rely on perl, a design no-no.
3737 * Setuid things should be short and simple, thus easy to understand and
3738 * verify. They should do their "own thing", without influence by
3739 * attackers. It may help if their internal execution flow is fixed,
3740 * regardless of platform: it may be best to exec anyway.
3742 * Suidperl should at least be conceptually simple: a wrapper only,
3743 * never to do any real perl. Maybe we should put
3745 * Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Suidperl should never do real perl\n");
3747 * into the perly bits.
3749 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
3750 PerlLIO_lseek(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),(Off_t)0,0); /* just in case rewind didn't */
3752 * Keep original arguments: suidperl already has fd script.
3754 /* for (which = 1; PL_origargv[which] && PL_origargv[which] != scriptname; which++) ; */
3755 /* if (!PL_origargv[which]) { */
3756 /* errno = EPERM; */
3757 /* Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Permission denied\n"); */
3759 /* PL_origargv[which] = savepv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "/dev/fd/%d/%s", */
3760 /* PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp), PL_origargv[which])); */
3761 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3762 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,0); /* ensure no close-on-exec */
3765 PerlProc_execv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s/perl"PERL_FS_VER_FMT, BIN_EXP,
3766 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
3767 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION), PL_origargv);/* try again */
3769 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setuid (suidperl cannot exec perl)\n");
3770 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3772 if (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid) { /* (suidperl doesn't exist, in fact) */
3773 #ifndef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
3774 PerlLIO_fstat(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),&PL_statbuf); /* may be either wrapped or real suid */
3775 if ((PL_euid != PL_uid && PL_euid == PL_statbuf.st_uid && PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID)
3777 (PL_egid != PL_gid && PL_egid == PL_statbuf.st_gid && PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISGID)
3780 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "YOU HAVEN'T DISABLED SET-ID SCRIPTS IN THE KERNEL YET!\n\
3781 FIX YOUR KERNEL, PUT A C WRAPPER AROUND THIS SCRIPT, OR USE -u AND UNDUMP!\n");
3782 #endif /* SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW */
3783 /* not set-id, must be wrapped */
3791 S_find_beginning(pTHX)
3794 register const char *s2;
3795 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3799 /* skip forward in input to the real script? */
3802 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3803 /* Since the Mac OS does not honor #! arguments for us, we do it ourselves */
3805 while (PL_doextract || gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
3806 if ((s = sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0)) == Nullch) {
3807 if (!gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract)
3808 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No Perl script found in input\n");
3810 if (PL_doextract) /* require explicit override ? */
3811 if (!OverrideExtract(PL_origfilename))
3812 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "User aborted script\n");
3814 PL_doextract = FALSE;
3816 /* Pater peccavi, file does not have #! */
3817 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
3822 while (PL_doextract) {
3823 if ((s = sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0)) == Nullch)
3824 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No Perl script found in input\n");
3827 if (*s == '#' && s[1] == '!' && ((s = instr(s,"perl")) || (s = instr(s2,"PERL")))) {
3828 PerlIO_ungetc(PL_rsfp, '\n'); /* to keep line count right */
3829 PL_doextract = FALSE;
3830 while (*s && !(isSPACE (*s) || *s == '#')) s++;
3832 while (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t') s++;
3834 while (isDIGIT(s2[-1]) || s2[-1] == '-' || s2[-1] == '.'
3835 || s2[-1] == '_') s2--;
3836 if (strnEQ(s2-4,"perl",4))
3838 while ((s = moreswitches(s)))
3841 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3842 /* We are always searching for the #!perl line in MacPerl,
3843 * so if we find it, still keep the line count correct
3844 * by counting lines we already skipped over
3846 for (; maclines > 0 ; maclines--)
3847 PerlIO_ungetc(PL_rsfp, '\n');
3851 /* gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract is false in MPW tool */
3852 } else if (gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
3863 PL_uid = PerlProc_getuid();
3864 PL_euid = PerlProc_geteuid();
3865 PL_gid = PerlProc_getgid();
3866 PL_egid = PerlProc_getegid();
3868 PL_uid |= PL_gid << 16;
3869 PL_euid |= PL_egid << 16;
3871 /* Should not happen: */
3872 CHECK_MALLOC_TAINT(PL_uid && (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid));
3873 PL_tainting |= (PL_uid && (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid));
3876 * Should go by suidscript, not uid!=euid: why disallow
3877 * system("ls") in scripts run from setuid things?
3878 * Or, is this run before we check arguments and set suidscript?
3879 * What about SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW: could we use fdscript then?
3880 * (We never have suidscript, can we be sure to have fdscript?)
3881 * Or must then go by UID checks? See comments in forbid_setid also.
3885 /* This is used very early in the lifetime of the program,
3886 * before even the options are parsed, so PL_tainting has
3887 * not been initialized properly. */
3889 Perl_doing_taint(int argc, char *argv[], char *envp[])
3891 #ifndef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
3892 /* If we have PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS we can't call getuid() et alia
3893 * before we have an interpreter-- and the whole point of this
3894 * function is to be called at such an early stage. If you are on
3895 * a system with PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS but you do have a concept of
3896 * "tainted because running with altered effective ids', you'll
3897 * have to add your own checks somewhere in here. The two most
3898 * known samples of 'implicitness' are Win32 and NetWare, neither
3899 * of which has much of concept of 'uids'. */
3900 int uid = PerlProc_getuid();
3901 int euid = PerlProc_geteuid();
3902 int gid = PerlProc_getgid();
3903 int egid = PerlProc_getegid();
3910 if (uid && (euid != uid || egid != gid))
3912 #endif /* !PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS */
3913 /* This is a really primitive check; environment gets ignored only
3914 * if -T are the first chars together; otherwise one gets
3915 * "Too late" message. */
3916 if ( argc > 1 && argv[1][0] == '-'
3917 && (argv[1][1] == 't' || argv[1][1] == 'T') )
3923 S_forbid_setid(pTHX_ const char *s)
3925 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
3926 if (PL_euid != PL_uid)
3927 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed while running setuid", s);
3928 if (PL_egid != PL_gid)
3929 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed while running setgid", s);
3930 #endif /* SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW */
3932 * Checks for UID/GID above "wrong": why disallow
3933 * perl -e 'print "Hello\n"'
3934 * from within setuid things?? Simply drop them: replaced by
3935 * fdscript/suidscript and #ifdef IAMSUID checks below.
3937 * This may be too late for command-line switches. Will catch those on
3938 * the #! line, after finding the script name and setting up
3939 * fdscript/suidscript. Note that suidperl does not get around to
3940 * parsing (and checking) the switches on the #! line, but checks that
3941 * the two sets are identical.
3943 * With SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW, could we use fdscript, also or
3944 * instead, or would that be "too late"? (We never have suidscript, can
3945 * we be sure to have fdscript?)
3947 * Catch things with suidscript (in descendant of suidperl), even with
3948 * right UID/GID. Was already checked in suidperl, with #ifdef IAMSUID,
3949 * below; but I am paranoid.
3951 * Also see comments about root running a setuid script, elsewhere.
3953 if (PL_suidscript >= 0)
3954 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed with (suid) fdscript", s);
3956 /* PSz 11 Nov 03 Catch it in suidperl, always! */
3957 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed in suidperl", s);
3958 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3962 Perl_init_debugger(pTHX)
3964 HV *ostash = PL_curstash;
3966 PL_curstash = PL_debstash;
3967 PL_dbargs = GvAV(gv_AVadd((gv_fetchpv("DB::args", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVAV))));
3968 AvREAL_off(PL_dbargs);
3969 PL_DBgv = gv_fetchpv("DB::DB", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVGV);
3970 PL_DBline = gv_fetchpv("DB::dbline", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVAV);
3971 PL_DBsub = gv_HVadd(gv_fetchpv("DB::sub", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
3972 PL_DBsingle = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("DB::single", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
3973 sv_setiv(PL_DBsingle, 0);
3974 PL_DBtrace = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("DB::trace", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
3975 sv_setiv(PL_DBtrace, 0);
3976 PL_DBsignal = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("DB::signal", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
3977 sv_setiv(PL_DBsignal, 0);
3978 PL_DBassertion = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("DB::assertion", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
3979 sv_setiv(PL_DBassertion, 0);
3980 PL_curstash = ostash;
3983 #ifndef STRESS_REALLOC
3984 #define REASONABLE(size) (size)
3986 #define REASONABLE(size) (1) /* unreasonable */
3990 Perl_init_stacks(pTHX)
3992 /* start with 128-item stack and 8K cxstack */
3993 PL_curstackinfo = new_stackinfo(REASONABLE(128),
3994 REASONABLE(8192/sizeof(PERL_CONTEXT) - 1));
3995 PL_curstackinfo->si_type = PERLSI_MAIN;
3996 PL_curstack = PL_curstackinfo->si_stack;
3997 PL_mainstack = PL_curstack; /* remember in case we switch stacks */
3999 PL_stack_base = AvARRAY(PL_curstack);
4000 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base;
4001 PL_stack_max = PL_stack_base + AvMAX(PL_curstack);
4003 New(50,PL_tmps_stack,REASONABLE(128),SV*);
4006 PL_tmps_max = REASONABLE(128);
4008 New(54,PL_markstack,REASONABLE(32),I32);
4009 PL_markstack_ptr = PL_markstack;
4010 PL_markstack_max = PL_markstack + REASONABLE(32);
4014 New(54,PL_scopestack,REASONABLE(32),I32);
4015 PL_scopestack_ix = 0;
4016 PL_scopestack_max = REASONABLE(32);
4018 New(54,PL_savestack,REASONABLE(128),ANY);
4019 PL_savestack_ix = 0;
4020 PL_savestack_max = REASONABLE(128);
4028 while (PL_curstackinfo->si_next)
4029 PL_curstackinfo = PL_curstackinfo->si_next;
4030 while (PL_curstackinfo) {
4031 PERL_SI *p = PL_curstackinfo->si_prev;
4032 /* curstackinfo->si_stack got nuked by sv_free_arenas() */
4033 Safefree(PL_curstackinfo->si_cxstack);
4034 Safefree(PL_curstackinfo);
4035 PL_curstackinfo = p;
4037 Safefree(PL_tmps_stack);
4038 Safefree(PL_markstack);
4039 Safefree(PL_scopestack);
4040 Safefree(PL_savestack);
4049 lex_start(PL_linestr);
4051 PL_subname = newSVpvn("main",4);
4055 S_init_predump_symbols(pTHX)
4060 sv_setpvn(get_sv("\"", TRUE), " ", 1);
4061 PL_stdingv = gv_fetchpv("STDIN",TRUE, SVt_PVIO);
4062 GvMULTI_on(PL_stdingv);
4063 io = GvIOp(PL_stdingv);
4064 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_RDONLY;
4065 IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stdin();
4066 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("stdin",TRUE, SVt_PV);
4068 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc(io);
4070 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("STDOUT",TRUE, SVt_PVIO);
4073 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_WRONLY;
4074 IoOFP(io) = IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stdout();
4076 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("stdout",TRUE, SVt_PV);
4078 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc(io);
4080 PL_stderrgv = gv_fetchpv("STDERR",TRUE, SVt_PVIO);
4081 GvMULTI_on(PL_stderrgv);
4082 io = GvIOp(PL_stderrgv);
4083 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_WRONLY;
4084 IoOFP(io) = IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stderr();
4085 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("stderr",TRUE, SVt_PV);
4087 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc(io);
4089 PL_statname = NEWSV(66,0); /* last filename we did stat on */
4092 Safefree(PL_osname);
4093 PL_osname = savepv(OSNAME);
4097 Perl_init_argv_symbols(pTHX_ register int argc, register char **argv)
4100 argc--,argv++; /* skip name of script */
4101 if (PL_doswitches) {
4102 for (; argc > 0 && **argv == '-'; argc--,argv++) {
4105 if (argv[0][1] == '-' && !argv[0][2]) {
4109 if ((s = strchr(argv[0], '='))) {
4111 sv_setpv(GvSV(gv_fetchpv(argv[0]+1,TRUE, SVt_PV)),s);
4114 sv_setiv(GvSV(gv_fetchpv(argv[0]+1,TRUE, SVt_PV)),1);
4117 if ((PL_argvgv = gv_fetchpv("ARGV",TRUE, SVt_PVAV))) {
4118 GvMULTI_on(PL_argvgv);
4119 (void)gv_AVadd(PL_argvgv);
4120 av_clear(GvAVn(PL_argvgv));
4121 for (; argc > 0; argc--,argv++) {
4122 SV *sv = newSVpv(argv[0],0);
4123 av_push(GvAVn(PL_argvgv),sv);
4124 if (!(PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_LOCALE_FLAG) || PL_utf8locale) {
4125 if (PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_ARGV_FLAG)
4128 if (PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_WIDESYSCALLS_FLAG) /* Sarathy? */
4129 (void)sv_utf8_decode(sv);
4135 S_init_postdump_symbols(pTHX_ register int argc, register char **argv, register char **env)
4140 PL_toptarget = NEWSV(0,0);
4141 sv_upgrade(PL_toptarget, SVt_PVFM);
4142 sv_setpvn(PL_toptarget, "", 0);
4143 PL_bodytarget = NEWSV(0,0);
4144 sv_upgrade(PL_bodytarget, SVt_PVFM);
4145 sv_setpvn(PL_bodytarget, "", 0);
4146 PL_formtarget = PL_bodytarget;
4150 init_argv_symbols(argc,argv);
4152 if ((tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("0",TRUE, SVt_PV))) {
4153 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4154 /* $0 is not majick on a Mac */
4155 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv),MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
4157 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv),PL_origfilename);
4158 magicname("0", "0", 1);
4161 if ((PL_envgv = gv_fetchpv("ENV",TRUE, SVt_PVHV))) {
4163 GvMULTI_on(PL_envgv);
4164 hv = GvHVn(PL_envgv);
4165 hv_magic(hv, Nullgv, PERL_MAGIC_env);
4167 #ifdef USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY
4168 /* Note that if the supplied env parameter is actually a copy
4169 of the global environ then it may now point to free'd memory
4170 if the environment has been modified since. To avoid this
4171 problem we treat env==NULL as meaning 'use the default'
4176 # ifdef USE_ITHREADS
4177 && PL_curinterp == aTHX
4181 environ[0] = Nullch;
4184 char** origenv = environ;
4187 for (; *env; env++) {
4188 if (!(s = strchr(*env,'=')) || s == *env)
4190 #if defined(MSDOS) && !defined(DJGPP)
4195 sv = newSVpv(s+1, 0);
4196 (void)hv_store(hv, *env, s - *env, sv, 0);
4199 if (origenv != environ) {
4200 /* realloc has shifted us */
4201 env = (env - origenv) + environ;
4206 #endif /* USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY */
4207 #endif /* !PERL_MICRO */
4210 if ((tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("$",TRUE, SVt_PV))) {
4211 SvREADONLY_off(GvSV(tmpgv));
4212 sv_setiv(GvSV(tmpgv), (IV)PerlProc_getpid());
4213 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(tmpgv));
4215 #ifdef THREADS_HAVE_PIDS
4216 PL_ppid = (IV)getppid();
4219 /* touch @F array to prevent spurious warnings 20020415 MJD */
4221 (void) get_av("main::F", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4223 /* touch @- and @+ arrays to prevent spurious warnings 20020415 MJD */
4224 (void) get_av("main::-", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4225 (void) get_av("main::+", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4229 S_init_perllib(pTHX)
4234 s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL5LIB");
4236 incpush(s, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE);
4238 incpush(PerlEnv_getenv("PERLLIB"), FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4240 /* Treat PERL5?LIB as a possible search list logical name -- the
4241 * "natural" VMS idiom for a Unix path string. We allow each
4242 * element to be a set of |-separated directories for compatibility.
4246 if (my_trnlnm("PERL5LIB",buf,0))
4247 do { incpush(buf,TRUE,TRUE,TRUE,FALSE); } while (my_trnlnm("PERL5LIB",buf,++idx));
4249 while (my_trnlnm("PERLLIB",buf,idx++)) incpush(buf,FALSE,FALSE,TRUE,FALSE);
4253 /* Use the ~-expanded versions of APPLLIB (undocumented),
4254 ARCHLIB PRIVLIB SITEARCH SITELIB VENDORARCH and VENDORLIB
4257 incpush(APPLLIB_EXP, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4261 incpush(ARCHLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4263 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4266 SV * privdir = NEWSV(55, 0);
4267 char * macperl = PerlEnv_getenv("MACPERL");
4272 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ privdir, "%slib:", macperl);
4273 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(privdir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 && S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode))
4274 incpush(SvPVX(privdir), TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4275 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ privdir, "%ssite_perl:", macperl);
4276 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(privdir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 && S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode))
4277 incpush(SvPVX(privdir), TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4279 SvREFCNT_dec(privdir);
4282 incpush(":", FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4285 # define PRIVLIB_EXP "/usr/local/lib/perl5:/usr/local/lib/perl"
4288 incpush(PRIVLIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4290 incpush(PRIVLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4294 /* sitearch is always relative to sitelib on Windows for
4295 * DLL-based path intuition to work correctly */
4296 # if !defined(WIN32)
4297 incpush(SITEARCH_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4303 /* this picks up sitearch as well */
4304 incpush(SITELIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4306 incpush(SITELIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4310 #ifdef SITELIB_STEM /* Search for version-specific dirs below here */
4311 incpush(SITELIB_STEM, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4314 #ifdef PERL_VENDORARCH_EXP
4315 /* vendorarch is always relative to vendorlib on Windows for
4316 * DLL-based path intuition to work correctly */
4317 # if !defined(WIN32)
4318 incpush(PERL_VENDORARCH_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4322 #ifdef PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP
4324 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE); /* this picks up vendorarch as well */
4326 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4330 #ifdef PERL_VENDORLIB_STEM /* Search for version-specific dirs below here */
4331 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_STEM, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4334 #ifdef PERL_OTHERLIBDIRS
4335 incpush(PERL_OTHERLIBDIRS, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4339 incpush(".", FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4340 #endif /* MACOS_TRADITIONAL */
4343 #if defined(DOSISH) || defined(EPOC) || defined(SYMBIAN)
4344 # define PERLLIB_SEP ';'
4347 # define PERLLIB_SEP '|'
4349 # if defined(MACOS_TRADITIONAL)
4350 # define PERLLIB_SEP ','
4352 # define PERLLIB_SEP ':'
4356 #ifndef PERLLIB_MANGLE
4357 # define PERLLIB_MANGLE(s,n) (s)
4360 /* Push a directory onto @INC if it exists.
4361 Generate a new SV if we do this, to save needing to copy the SV we push
4364 S_incpush_if_exists(pTHX_ SV *dir)
4367 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(dir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 &&
4368 S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode)) {
4369 av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), dir);
4376 S_incpush(pTHX_ const char *dir, bool addsubdirs, bool addoldvers, bool usesep,
4379 SV *subdir = Nullsv;
4380 const char *p = dir;
4385 if (addsubdirs || addoldvers) {
4386 subdir = NEWSV(0,0);
4389 /* Break at all separators */
4391 SV *libdir = NEWSV(55,0);
4394 /* skip any consecutive separators */
4396 while ( *p == PERLLIB_SEP ) {
4397 /* Uncomment the next line for PATH semantics */
4398 /* av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), newSVpvn(".", 1)); */
4403 if ( usesep && (s = strchr(p, PERLLIB_SEP)) != Nullch ) {
4404 sv_setpvn(libdir, PERLLIB_MANGLE(p, (STRLEN)(s - p)),
4409 sv_setpv(libdir, PERLLIB_MANGLE(p, 0));
4410 p = Nullch; /* break out */
4412 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4413 if (!strchr(SvPVX(libdir), ':')) {
4416 sv_setpv(libdir, MacPerl_CanonDir(SvPVX(libdir), buf, 0));
4418 if (SvPVX(libdir)[SvCUR(libdir)-1] != ':')
4419 sv_catpv(libdir, ":");
4422 /* Do the if() outside the #ifdef to avoid warnings about an unused
4425 #ifdef PERL_RELOCATABLE_INC
4427 * Relocatable include entries are marked with a leading .../
4430 * 0: Remove that leading ".../"
4431 * 1: Remove trailing executable name (anything after the last '/')
4432 * from the perl path to give a perl prefix
4434 * While the @INC element starts "../" and the prefix ends with a real
4435 * directory (ie not . or ..) chop that real directory off the prefix
4436 * and the leading "../" from the @INC element. ie a logical "../"
4438 * Finally concatenate the prefix and the remainder of the @INC element
4439 * The intent is that /usr/local/bin/perl and .../../lib/perl5
4440 * generates /usr/local/lib/perl5
4442 char *libpath = SvPVX(libdir);
4443 STRLEN libpath_len = SvCUR(libdir);
4444 if (libpath_len >= 4 && memEQ (libpath, ".../", 4)) {
4446 SV *caret_X = get_sv("\030", 0);
4447 /* Going to use the SV just as a scratch buffer holding a C
4453 /* $^X is *the* source of taint if tainting is on, hence
4454 SvPOK() won't be true. */
4456 assert(SvPOKp(caret_X));
4457 prefix_sv = newSVpvn(SvPVX(caret_X), SvCUR(caret_X));
4458 /* Firstly take off the leading .../
4459 If all else fail we'll do the paths relative to the current
4461 sv_chop(libdir, libpath + 4);
4462 /* Don't use SvPV as we're intentionally bypassing taining,
4463 mortal copies that the mg_get of tainting creates, and
4464 corruption that seems to come via the save stack.
4465 I guess that the save stack isn't correctly set up yet. */
4466 libpath = SvPVX(libdir);
4467 libpath_len = SvCUR(libdir);
4469 /* This would work more efficiently with memrchr, but as it's
4470 only a GNU extension we'd need to probe for it and
4471 implement our own. Not hard, but maybe not worth it? */
4473 prefix = SvPVX(prefix_sv);
4474 lastslash = strrchr(prefix, '/');
4476 /* First time in with the *lastslash = '\0' we just wipe off
4477 the trailing /perl from (say) /usr/foo/bin/perl
4481 while ((*lastslash = '\0'), /* Do that, come what may. */
4482 (libpath_len >= 3 && memEQ(libpath, "../", 3)
4483 && (lastslash = strrchr(prefix, '/')))) {
4484 if (lastslash[1] == '\0'
4485 || (lastslash[1] == '.'
4486 && (lastslash[2] == '/' /* ends "/." */
4487 || (lastslash[2] == '/'
4488 && lastslash[3] == '/' /* or "/.." */
4490 /* Prefix ends "/" or "/." or "/..", any of which
4491 are fishy, so don't do any more logical cleanup.
4495 /* Remove leading "../" from path */
4498 /* Next iteration round the loop removes the last
4499 directory name from prefix by writing a '\0' in
4500 the while clause. */
4502 /* prefix has been terminated with a '\0' to the correct
4503 length. libpath points somewhere into the libdir SV.
4504 We need to join the 2 with '/' and drop the result into
4506 tempsv = Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "%s/%s", prefix, libpath);
4507 SvREFCNT_dec(libdir);
4508 /* And this is the new libdir. */
4511 (PL_uid != PL_euid || PL_gid != PL_egid)) {
4512 /* Need to taint reloccated paths if running set ID */
4513 SvTAINTED_on(libdir);
4516 SvREFCNT_dec(prefix_sv);
4521 * BEFORE pushing libdir onto @INC we may first push version- and
4522 * archname-specific sub-directories.
4524 if (addsubdirs || addoldvers) {
4525 #ifdef PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST
4526 /* Configure terminates PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST with a NULL */
4527 const char *incverlist[] = { PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST };
4528 const char **incver;
4534 if ((unix = tounixspec_ts(SvPV(libdir,len),Nullch)) != Nullch) {
4536 while (unix[len-1] == '/') len--; /* Cosmetic */
4537 sv_usepvn(libdir,unix,len);
4540 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log,
4541 "Failed to unixify @INC element \"%s\"\n",
4545 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4546 #define PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT ""
4547 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT "%s:"
4548 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_FS_VER_FMT PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT
4550 #define PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT "/"
4551 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT "/%s"
4552 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT PERL_FS_VER_FMT
4554 /* .../version/archname if -d .../version/archname */
4555 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_ARCH_FMT,
4557 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
4558 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION, ARCHNAME);
4559 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
4561 /* .../version if -d .../version */
4562 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH, libdir,
4563 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
4564 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION);
4565 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
4567 /* .../archname if -d .../archname */
4568 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT, libdir, ARCHNAME);
4569 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
4573 #ifdef PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST
4575 for (incver = incverlist; *incver; incver++) {
4576 /* .../xxx if -d .../xxx */
4577 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT, libdir, *incver);
4578 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
4584 /* finally push this lib directory on the end of @INC */
4585 av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), libdir);
4588 assert (SvREFCNT(subdir) == 1);
4589 SvREFCNT_dec(subdir);
4593 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
4594 STATIC struct perl_thread *
4595 S_init_main_thread(pTHX)
4597 #if !defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
4598 struct perl_thread *thr;
4602 Newz(53, thr, 1, struct perl_thread);
4603 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
4604 thr->interp = PERL_GET_INTERP;
4605 thr->cvcache = newHV();
4606 thr->threadsv = newAV();
4607 /* thr->threadsvp is set when find_threadsv is called */
4608 thr->specific = newAV();
4609 thr->flags = THRf_R_JOINABLE;
4610 MUTEX_INIT(&thr->mutex);
4611 /* Handcraft thrsv similarly to mess_sv */
4612 New(53, PL_thrsv, 1, SV);
4613 Newz(53, xpv, 1, XPV);
4614 SvFLAGS(PL_thrsv) = SVt_PV;
4615 SvANY(PL_thrsv) = (void*)xpv;
4616 SvREFCNT(PL_thrsv) = 1 << 30; /* practically infinite */
4617 SvPV_set(PL_thrsvr, (char*)thr);
4618 SvCUR_set(PL_thrsv, sizeof(thr));
4619 SvLEN_set(PL_thrsv, sizeof(thr));
4620 *SvEND(PL_thrsv) = '\0'; /* in the trailing_nul field */
4621 thr->oursv = PL_thrsv;
4622 PL_chopset = " \n-";
4625 MUTEX_LOCK(&PL_threads_mutex);
4631 MUTEX_UNLOCK(&PL_threads_mutex);
4633 #ifdef HAVE_THREAD_INTERN
4634 Perl_init_thread_intern(thr);
4637 #ifdef SET_THREAD_SELF
4638 SET_THREAD_SELF(thr);
4640 thr->self = pthread_self();
4641 #endif /* SET_THREAD_SELF */
4645 * These must come after the thread self setting
4646 * because sv_setpvn does SvTAINT and the taint
4647 * fields thread selfness being set.
4649 PL_toptarget = NEWSV(0,0);
4650 sv_upgrade(PL_toptarget, SVt_PVFM);
4651 sv_setpvn(PL_toptarget, "", 0);
4652 PL_bodytarget = NEWSV(0,0);
4653 sv_upgrade(PL_bodytarget, SVt_PVFM);
4654 sv_setpvn(PL_bodytarget, "", 0);
4655 PL_formtarget = PL_bodytarget;
4656 thr->errsv = newSVpvn("", 0);
4657 (void) find_threadsv("@"); /* Ensure $@ is initialised early */
4660 PL_peepp = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_peep);
4661 PL_regcompp = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_pregcomp);
4662 PL_regexecp = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_regexec_flags);
4663 PL_regint_start = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_re_intuit_start);
4664 PL_regint_string = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_re_intuit_string);
4665 PL_regfree = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_pregfree);
4667 PL_reginterp_cnt = 0;
4671 #endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
4674 Perl_call_list(pTHX_ I32 oldscope, AV *paramList)
4678 const line_t oldline = CopLINE(PL_curcop);
4684 while (av_len(paramList) >= 0) {
4685 cv = (CV*)av_shift(paramList);
4687 if (paramList == PL_beginav) {
4688 /* save PL_beginav for compiler */
4689 if (! PL_beginav_save)
4690 PL_beginav_save = newAV();
4691 av_push(PL_beginav_save, (SV*)cv);
4693 else if (paramList == PL_checkav) {
4694 /* save PL_checkav for compiler */
4695 if (! PL_checkav_save)
4696 PL_checkav_save = newAV();
4697 av_push(PL_checkav_save, (SV*)cv);
4707 (void)SvPV(atsv, len);
4709 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
4710 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
4711 if (paramList == PL_beginav)
4712 sv_catpv(atsv, "BEGIN failed--compilation aborted");
4714 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ atsv,
4715 "%s failed--call queue aborted",
4716 paramList == PL_checkav ? "CHECK"
4717 : paramList == PL_initav ? "INIT"
4719 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
4722 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%"SVf"", atsv);
4729 /* my_exit() was called */
4730 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
4733 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
4734 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
4735 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
4737 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED)) {
4738 if (paramList == PL_beginav)
4739 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "BEGIN failed--compilation aborted");
4741 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s failed--call queue aborted",
4742 paramList == PL_checkav ? "CHECK"
4743 : paramList == PL_initav ? "INIT"
4750 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
4751 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
4754 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: restartop\n");
4763 S_call_list_body(pTHX_ CV *cv)
4765 PUSHMARK(PL_stack_sp);
4766 call_sv((SV*)cv, G_EVAL|G_DISCARD);
4771 Perl_my_exit(pTHX_ U32 status)
4773 DEBUG_S(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "my_exit: thread %p, status %lu\n",
4774 thr, (unsigned long) status));
4783 STATUS_NATIVE_SET(status);
4790 Perl_my_failure_exit(pTHX)
4793 if (vaxc$errno & 1) {
4794 if (STATUS_NATIVE & 1) /* fortuitiously includes "-1" */
4795 STATUS_NATIVE_SET(44);
4798 if (!vaxc$errno) /* unlikely */
4799 STATUS_NATIVE_SET(44);
4801 STATUS_NATIVE_SET(vaxc$errno);
4806 STATUS_POSIX_SET(errno);
4808 exitstatus = STATUS_POSIX >> 8;
4809 if (exitstatus & 255)
4810 STATUS_POSIX_SET(exitstatus);
4812 STATUS_POSIX_SET(255);
4819 S_my_exit_jump(pTHX)
4822 register PERL_CONTEXT *cx;
4827 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
4828 PL_e_script = Nullsv;
4831 POPSTACK_TO(PL_mainstack);
4832 if (cxstack_ix >= 0) {
4835 POPBLOCK(cx,PL_curpm);
4843 read_e_script(pTHX_ int idx, SV *buf_sv, int maxlen)
4849 p = SvPVX(PL_e_script);
4850 nl = strchr(p, '\n');
4851 nl = (nl) ? nl+1 : SvEND(PL_e_script);
4853 filter_del(read_e_script);
4856 sv_catpvn(buf_sv, p, nl-p);
4857 sv_chop(PL_e_script, nl);