3 * Copyright (C) 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
4 * 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * "A ship then new they built for him/of mithril and of elven glass" --Bilbo
15 /* This file contains the top-level functions that are used to create, use
16 * and destroy a perl interpreter, plus the functions used by XS code to
17 * call back into perl. Note that it does not contain the actual main()
18 * function of the interpreter; that can be found in perlmain.c
23 * Be proud that perl(1) may proclaim:
24 * Setuid Perl scripts are safer than C programs ...
25 * Do not abandon (deprecate) suidperl. Do not advocate C wrappers.
27 * The flow was: perl starts, notices script is suid, execs suidperl with same
28 * arguments; suidperl opens script, checks many things, sets itself with
29 * right UID, execs perl with similar arguments but with script pre-opened on
30 * /dev/fd/xxx; perl checks script is as should be and does work. This was
31 * insecure: see perlsec(1) for many problems with this approach.
33 * The "correct" flow should be: perl starts, opens script and notices it is
34 * suid, checks many things, execs suidperl with similar arguments but with
35 * script on /dev/fd/xxx; suidperl checks script and /dev/fd/xxx object are
36 * same, checks arguments match #! line, sets itself with right UID, execs
37 * perl with same arguments; perl checks many things and does work.
39 * (Opening the script in perl instead of suidperl, we "lose" scripts that
40 * are readable to the target UID but not to the invoker. Where did
41 * unreadable scripts work anyway?)
43 * For now, suidperl and perl are pretty much the same large and cumbersome
44 * program, so suidperl can check its argument list (see comments elsewhere).
47 * Original bug report:
48 * http://bugs.perl.org/index.html?req=bug_id&bug_id=20010322.218
49 * http://rt.perl.org/rt2/Ticket/Display.html?id=6511
50 * Comments and discussion with Debian:
51 * http://bugs.debian.org/203426
52 * http://bugs.debian.org/220486
53 * Debian Security Advisory DSA 431-1 (does not fully fix problem):
54 * http://www.debian.org/security/2004/dsa-431
56 * http://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CAN-2003-0618
57 * Previous versions of this patch sent to perl5-porters:
58 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg71953.html
59 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75245.html
60 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75563.html
61 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75635.html
63 Paul Szabo - psz@maths.usyd.edu.au http://www.maths.usyd.edu.au:8000/u/psz/
64 School of Mathematics and Statistics University of Sydney 2006 Australia
68 * Use truthful, neat, specific error messages.
69 * Cannot always hide the truth; security must not depend on doing so.
73 * Use global(?), thread-local fdscript for easier checks.
74 * (I do not understand how we could possibly get a thread race:
75 * do not all threads go through the same initialization? Or in
76 * fact, are not threads started only after we get the script and
77 * so know what to do? Oh well, make things super-safe...)
81 #define PERL_IN_PERL_C
83 #include "patchlevel.h" /* for local_patches */
87 char *nw_get_sitelib(const char *pl);
90 /* XXX If this causes problems, set i_unistd=undef in the hint file. */
95 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
97 # include <sys/wait.h>
100 # include <sys/uio.h>
105 char control[CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(int))];
122 #if !defined(STANDARD_C) && !defined(HAS_GETENV_PROTOTYPE) && !defined(PERL_MICRO)
123 char *getenv (char *); /* Usually in <stdlib.h> */
126 static I32 read_e_script(pTHX_ int idx, SV *buf_sv, int maxlen);
134 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
141 S_init_tls_and_interp(PerlInterpreter *my_perl)
145 PERL_SET_INTERP(my_perl);
146 #if defined(USE_ITHREADS)
149 PERL_SET_THX(my_perl);
151 MUTEX_INIT(&PL_dollarzero_mutex);
153 #ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
154 MUTEX_INIT(&PL_my_ctx_mutex);
158 PERL_SET_THX(my_perl);
162 #ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
164 perl_alloc_using(struct IPerlMem* ipM, struct IPerlMem* ipMS,
165 struct IPerlMem* ipMP, struct IPerlEnv* ipE,
166 struct IPerlStdIO* ipStd, struct IPerlLIO* ipLIO,
167 struct IPerlDir* ipD, struct IPerlSock* ipS,
168 struct IPerlProc* ipP)
170 PerlInterpreter *my_perl;
171 /* Newx() needs interpreter, so call malloc() instead */
172 my_perl = (PerlInterpreter*)(*ipM->pMalloc)(ipM, sizeof(PerlInterpreter));
173 S_init_tls_and_interp(my_perl);
174 Zero(my_perl, 1, PerlInterpreter);
184 INIT_TRACK_MEMPOOL(PL_memory_debug_header, my_perl);
191 =head1 Embedding Functions
193 =for apidoc perl_alloc
195 Allocates a new Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
203 PerlInterpreter *my_perl;
205 /* Newx() needs interpreter, so call malloc() instead */
206 my_perl = (PerlInterpreter*)PerlMem_malloc(sizeof(PerlInterpreter));
208 S_init_tls_and_interp(my_perl);
209 #ifndef PERL_TRACK_MEMPOOL
210 return (PerlInterpreter *) ZeroD(my_perl, 1, PerlInterpreter);
212 Zero(my_perl, 1, PerlInterpreter);
213 INIT_TRACK_MEMPOOL(PL_memory_debug_header, my_perl);
217 #endif /* PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS */
220 =for apidoc perl_construct
222 Initializes a new Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
228 perl_construct(pTHXx)
234 PL_perl_destruct_level = 1;
236 if (PL_perl_destruct_level > 0)
239 /* Init the real globals (and main thread)? */
241 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling; /* needed by ckWARN, right away */
243 PL_linestr = newSV(79);
244 sv_upgrade(PL_linestr,SVt_PVIV);
246 if (!SvREADONLY(&PL_sv_undef)) {
247 /* set read-only and try to insure than we wont see REFCNT==0
250 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_undef);
251 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_undef) = (~(U32)0)/2;
253 sv_setpv(&PL_sv_no,PL_No);
254 /* value lookup in void context - happens to have the side effect
255 of caching the numeric forms. */
258 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_no);
259 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_no) = (~(U32)0)/2;
261 sv_setpv(&PL_sv_yes,PL_Yes);
264 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_yes);
265 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_yes) = (~(U32)0)/2;
267 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_placeholder);
268 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_placeholder) = (~(U32)0)/2;
271 PL_sighandlerp = (Sighandler_t) Perl_sighandler;
272 #ifdef PERL_USES_PL_PIDSTATUS
273 PL_pidstatus = newHV();
277 PL_rs = newSVpvs("\n");
282 PL_lex_state = LEX_NOTPARSING;
288 SET_NUMERIC_STANDARD();
290 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
291 PL_localpatches = local_patches; /* For possible -v */
294 #ifdef HAVE_INTERP_INTERN
298 PerlIO_init(aTHX); /* Hook to IO system */
300 PL_fdpid = newAV(); /* for remembering popen pids by fd */
301 PL_modglobal = newHV(); /* pointers to per-interpreter module globals */
302 PL_errors = newSVpvs("");
303 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(0), "", 0); /* For regex debugging. */
304 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(1), "", 0); /* ext/re needs these */
305 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(2), "", 0); /* even without DEBUGGING. */
307 PL_regex_padav = newAV();
308 av_push(PL_regex_padav,(SV*)newAV()); /* First entry is an array of empty elements */
309 PL_regex_pad = AvARRAY(PL_regex_padav);
311 #ifdef USE_REENTRANT_API
312 Perl_reentrant_init(aTHX);
315 /* Note that strtab is a rather special HV. Assumptions are made
316 about not iterating on it, and not adding tie magic to it.
317 It is properly deallocated in perl_destruct() */
320 HvSHAREKEYS_off(PL_strtab); /* mandatory */
321 hv_ksplit(PL_strtab, 512);
323 #if defined(__DYNAMIC__) && (defined(NeXT) || defined(__NeXT__))
324 _dyld_lookup_and_bind
325 ("__environ", (unsigned long *) &environ_pointer, NULL);
329 # ifdef USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY
330 PL_origenviron = environ;
334 /* Use sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK) if available, if not
335 * available or if the sysconf() fails, use the HZ.
336 * BeOS has those, but returns the wrong value.
337 * The HZ if not originally defined has been by now
338 * been defined as CLK_TCK, if available. */
339 #if defined(HAS_SYSCONF) && defined(_SC_CLK_TCK) && !defined(__BEOS__)
340 PL_clocktick = sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK);
341 if (PL_clocktick <= 0)
345 PL_stashcache = newHV();
347 PL_patchlevel = Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "%d.%d.%d", (int)PERL_REVISION,
348 (int)PERL_VERSION, (int)PERL_SUBVERSION);
351 if (!PL_mmap_page_size) {
352 #if defined(HAS_SYSCONF) && (defined(_SC_PAGESIZE) || defined(_SC_MMAP_PAGE_SIZE))
354 SETERRNO(0, SS_NORMAL);
356 PL_mmap_page_size = sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE);
358 PL_mmap_page_size = sysconf(_SC_MMAP_PAGE_SIZE);
360 if ((long) PL_mmap_page_size < 0) {
362 SV * const error = ERRSV;
363 SvUPGRADE(error, SVt_PV);
364 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: sysconf: %s", SvPV_nolen_const(error));
367 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: sysconf: pagesize unknown");
371 # ifdef HAS_GETPAGESIZE
372 PL_mmap_page_size = getpagesize();
374 # if defined(I_SYS_PARAM) && defined(PAGESIZE)
375 PL_mmap_page_size = PAGESIZE; /* compiletime, bad */
379 if (PL_mmap_page_size <= 0)
380 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: bad pagesize %" IVdf,
381 (IV) PL_mmap_page_size);
383 #endif /* HAS_MMAP */
385 #if defined(HAS_TIMES) && defined(PERL_NEED_TIMESBASE)
386 PL_timesbase.tms_utime = 0;
387 PL_timesbase.tms_stime = 0;
388 PL_timesbase.tms_cutime = 0;
389 PL_timesbase.tms_cstime = 0;
400 =for apidoc nothreadhook
402 Stub that provides thread hook for perl_destruct when there are
409 Perl_nothreadhook(pTHX)
415 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
417 Perl_dump_sv_child(pTHX_ SV *sv)
420 const int sock = PL_dumper_fd;
421 const int debug_fd = PerlIO_fileno(Perl_debug_log);
422 union control_un control;
425 struct cmsghdr *cmptr;
427 unsigned char buffer[256];
429 if(sock == -1 || debug_fd == -1)
432 PerlIO_flush(Perl_debug_log);
434 /* All these shenanigans are to pass a file descriptor over to our child for
435 it to dump out to. We can't let it hold open the file descriptor when it
436 forks, as the file descriptor it will dump to can turn out to be one end
437 of pipe that some other process will wait on for EOF. (So as it would
438 be open, the wait would be forever. */
440 msg.msg_control = control.control;
441 msg.msg_controllen = sizeof(control.control);
442 /* We're a connected socket so we don't need a destination */
448 cmptr = CMSG_FIRSTHDR(&msg);
449 cmptr->cmsg_len = CMSG_LEN(sizeof(int));
450 cmptr->cmsg_level = SOL_SOCKET;
451 cmptr->cmsg_type = SCM_RIGHTS;
452 *((int *)CMSG_DATA(cmptr)) = 1;
454 vec[0].iov_base = (void*)&sv;
455 vec[0].iov_len = sizeof(sv);
456 got = sendmsg(sock, &msg, 0);
459 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent sendmsg failed");
462 if(got < sizeof(sv)) {
463 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent short sendmsg");
467 /* Return protocol is
469 unsigned char: length of location string (0 for empty)
470 unsigned char*: string (not terminated)
472 vec[0].iov_base = (void*)&returned_errno;
473 vec[0].iov_len = sizeof(returned_errno);
474 vec[1].iov_base = buffer;
477 got = readv(sock, vec, 2);
480 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent read failed");
481 PerlIO_flush(PerlIO_stderr());
484 if(got < sizeof(returned_errno) + 1) {
485 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent short read");
486 PerlIO_flush(PerlIO_stderr());
491 got = read(sock, buffer + 1, *buffer);
493 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent read 2 failed");
494 PerlIO_flush(PerlIO_stderr());
499 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent short read 2");
500 PerlIO_flush(PerlIO_stderr());
505 if (returned_errno || *buffer) {
506 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "Debug leaking scalars child failed%s%.*s with errno"
507 " %d: %s", (*buffer ? " at " : ""), (int) *buffer, buffer + 1,
508 returned_errno, strerror(returned_errno));
514 =for apidoc perl_destruct
516 Shuts down a Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
525 volatile int destruct_level; /* 0=none, 1=full, 2=full with checks */
527 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
533 /* wait for all pseudo-forked children to finish */
534 PERL_WAIT_FOR_CHILDREN;
536 destruct_level = PL_perl_destruct_level;
539 const char * const s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL");
541 const int i = atoi(s);
542 if (destruct_level < i)
548 if (PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_DESTRUCT_END) {
554 if (PL_endav && !PL_minus_c)
555 call_list(PL_scopestack_ix, PL_endav);
561 /* Need to flush since END blocks can produce output */
564 if (CALL_FPTR(PL_threadhook)(aTHX)) {
565 /* Threads hook has vetoed further cleanup */
569 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
570 if (destruct_level != 0) {
571 /* Fork here to create a child. Our child's job is to preserve the
572 state of scalars prior to destruction, so that we can instruct it
573 to dump any scalars that we later find have leaked.
574 There's no subtlety in this code - it assumes POSIX, and it doesn't
578 if(socketpair(AF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, 0, fd)) {
579 perror("Debug leaking scalars socketpair failed");
585 perror("Debug leaking scalars fork failed");
589 /* We are the child */
590 const int sock = fd[1];
591 const int debug_fd = PerlIO_fileno(Perl_debug_log);
594 /* Our success message is an integer 0, and a char 0 */
595 static const char success[sizeof(int) + 1];
599 /* We need to close all other file descriptors otherwise we end up
600 with interesting hangs, where the parent closes its end of a
601 pipe, and sits waiting for (another) child to terminate. Only
602 that child never terminates, because it never gets EOF, because
603 we also have the far end of the pipe open. We even need to
604 close the debugging fd, because sometimes it happens to be one
605 end of a pipe, and a process is waiting on the other end for
606 EOF. Normally it would be closed at some point earlier in
607 destruction, but if we happen to cause the pipe to remain open,
608 EOF never occurs, and we get an infinite hang. Hence all the
609 games to pass in a file descriptor if it's actually needed. */
611 f = sysconf(_SC_OPEN_MAX);
613 where = "sysconf failed";
624 union control_un control;
627 struct cmsghdr *cmptr;
631 msg.msg_control = control.control;
632 msg.msg_controllen = sizeof(control.control);
633 /* We're a connected socket so we don't need a source */
637 msg.msg_iovlen = sizeof(vec)/sizeof(vec[0]);
639 vec[0].iov_base = (void*)⌖
640 vec[0].iov_len = sizeof(target);
642 got = recvmsg(sock, &msg, 0);
647 where = "recv failed";
650 if(got < sizeof(target)) {
651 where = "short recv";
655 if(!(cmptr = CMSG_FIRSTHDR(&msg))) {
659 if(cmptr->cmsg_len != CMSG_LEN(sizeof(int))) {
660 where = "wrong cmsg_len";
663 if(cmptr->cmsg_level != SOL_SOCKET) {
664 where = "wrong cmsg_level";
667 if(cmptr->cmsg_type != SCM_RIGHTS) {
668 where = "wrong cmsg_type";
672 got_fd = *(int*)CMSG_DATA(cmptr);
673 /* For our last little bit of trickery, put the file descriptor
674 back into Perl_debug_log, as if we never actually closed it
676 if(got_fd != debug_fd) {
677 if (dup2(got_fd, debug_fd) == -1) {
684 PerlIO_flush(Perl_debug_log);
686 got = write(sock, &success, sizeof(success));
689 where = "write failed";
692 if(got < sizeof(success)) {
693 where = "short write";
700 int send_errno = errno;
701 unsigned char length = (unsigned char) strlen(where);
702 struct iovec failure[3] = {
703 {(void*)&send_errno, sizeof(send_errno)},
705 {(void*)where, length}
707 int got = writev(sock, failure, 3);
708 /* Bad news travels fast. Faster than data. We'll get a SIGPIPE
709 in the parent if we try to read from the socketpair after the
710 child has exited, even if there was data to read.
711 So sleep a bit to give the parent a fighting chance of
714 _exit((got == -1) ? errno : 0);
718 PL_dumper_fd = fd[0];
723 /* We must account for everything. */
725 /* Destroy the main CV and syntax tree */
726 /* Do this now, because destroying ops can cause new SVs to be generated
727 in Perl_pad_swipe, and when running with -DDEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS they
728 PL_curcop to point to a valid op from which the filename structure
730 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
732 /* ensure comppad/curpad to refer to main's pad */
733 if (CvPADLIST(PL_main_cv)) {
734 PAD_SET_CUR_NOSAVE(CvPADLIST(PL_main_cv), 1);
736 op_free(PL_main_root);
739 PL_main_start = NULL;
740 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_main_cv);
744 /* Tell PerlIO we are about to tear things apart in case
745 we have layers which are using resources that should
749 PerlIO_destruct(aTHX);
751 if (PL_sv_objcount) {
753 * Try to destruct global references. We do this first so that the
754 * destructors and destructees still exist. Some sv's might remain.
755 * Non-referenced objects are on their own.
759 if (PL_defoutgv && !SvREFCNT(PL_defoutgv))
760 PL_defoutgv = NULL; /* may have been freed */
763 /* unhook hooks which will soon be, or use, destroyed data */
764 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_warnhook);
766 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_diehook);
769 /* call exit list functions */
770 while (PL_exitlistlen-- > 0)
771 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].fn(aTHX_ PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].ptr);
773 Safefree(PL_exitlist);
778 if (destruct_level == 0){
780 DEBUG_P(debprofdump());
782 #if defined(PERLIO_LAYERS)
783 /* No more IO - including error messages ! */
784 PerlIO_cleanup(aTHX);
787 /* The exit() function will do everything that needs doing. */
791 /* jettison our possibly duplicated environment */
792 /* if PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV is defined environ will not have been copied
793 * so we certainly shouldn't free it here
796 #if defined(USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY) && !defined(PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV)
797 if (environ != PL_origenviron && !PL_use_safe_putenv
799 /* only main thread can free environ[0] contents */
800 && PL_curinterp == aTHX
806 for (i = 0; environ[i]; i++)
807 safesysfree(environ[i]);
809 /* Must use safesysfree() when working with environ. */
810 safesysfree(environ);
812 environ = PL_origenviron;
815 #endif /* !PERL_MICRO */
817 /* reset so print() ends up where we expect */
821 /* the syntax tree is shared between clones
822 * so op_free(PL_main_root) only ReREFCNT_dec's
823 * REGEXPs in the parent interpreter
824 * we need to manually ReREFCNT_dec for the clones
827 I32 i = AvFILLp(PL_regex_padav) + 1;
828 SV * const * const ary = AvARRAY(PL_regex_padav);
831 SV * const resv = ary[--i];
833 if (SvFLAGS(resv) & SVf_BREAK) {
834 /* this is PL_reg_curpm, already freed
835 * flag is set in regexec.c:S_regtry
837 SvFLAGS(resv) &= ~SVf_BREAK;
839 else if(SvREPADTMP(resv)) {
840 SvREPADTMP_off(resv);
842 else if(SvIOKp(resv)) {
843 REGEXP *re = INT2PTR(REGEXP *,SvIVX(resv));
848 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_regex_padav);
849 PL_regex_padav = NULL;
853 SvREFCNT_dec((SV*) PL_stashcache);
854 PL_stashcache = NULL;
856 /* loosen bonds of global variables */
859 (void)PerlIO_close(PL_rsfp);
863 /* Filters for program text */
864 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rsfp_filters);
865 PL_rsfp_filters = NULL;
868 PL_preprocess = FALSE;
874 PL_doswitches = FALSE;
875 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_OFF;
876 PL_doextract = FALSE;
877 PL_sawampersand = FALSE; /* must save all match strings */
880 Safefree(PL_inplace);
882 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_patchlevel);
885 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
891 /* magical thingies */
893 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ofs_sv); /* $, */
896 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ors_sv); /* $\ */
899 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rs); /* $/ */
902 Safefree(PL_osname); /* $^O */
905 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_statname);
909 /* defgv, aka *_ should be taken care of elsewhere */
911 /* clean up after study() */
912 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_lastscream);
913 PL_lastscream = NULL;
914 Safefree(PL_screamfirst);
916 Safefree(PL_screamnext);
920 Safefree(PL_efloatbuf);
924 /* startup and shutdown function lists */
925 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_beginav);
926 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_beginav_save);
927 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_endav);
928 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_checkav);
929 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_checkav_save);
930 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_initav);
932 PL_beginav_save = NULL;
935 PL_checkav_save = NULL;
938 /* shortcuts just get cleared */
947 PL_last_in_gv = NULL;
955 PL_DBassertion = NULL;
960 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_argvout_stack);
961 PL_argvout_stack = NULL;
963 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_modglobal);
965 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_preambleav);
966 PL_preambleav = NULL;
967 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_subname);
969 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_linestr);
971 #ifdef PERL_USES_PL_PIDSTATUS
972 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_pidstatus);
975 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_toptarget);
977 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_bodytarget);
978 PL_bodytarget = NULL;
979 PL_formtarget = NULL;
981 /* free locale stuff */
982 #ifdef USE_LOCALE_COLLATE
983 Safefree(PL_collation_name);
984 PL_collation_name = NULL;
987 #ifdef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC
988 Safefree(PL_numeric_name);
989 PL_numeric_name = NULL;
990 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_numeric_radix_sv);
991 PL_numeric_radix_sv = NULL;
994 /* clear utf8 character classes */
995 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alnum);
996 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alnumc);
997 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_ascii);
998 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alpha);
999 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_space);
1000 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_cntrl);
1001 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_graph);
1002 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_digit);
1003 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_upper);
1004 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_lower);
1005 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_print);
1006 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_punct);
1007 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_xdigit);
1008 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_mark);
1009 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_toupper);
1010 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_totitle);
1011 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_tolower);
1012 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_tofold);
1013 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_idstart);
1014 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_idcont);
1015 PL_utf8_alnum = NULL;
1016 PL_utf8_alnumc = NULL;
1017 PL_utf8_ascii = NULL;
1018 PL_utf8_alpha = NULL;
1019 PL_utf8_space = NULL;
1020 PL_utf8_cntrl = NULL;
1021 PL_utf8_graph = NULL;
1022 PL_utf8_digit = NULL;
1023 PL_utf8_upper = NULL;
1024 PL_utf8_lower = NULL;
1025 PL_utf8_print = NULL;
1026 PL_utf8_punct = NULL;
1027 PL_utf8_xdigit = NULL;
1028 PL_utf8_mark = NULL;
1029 PL_utf8_toupper = NULL;
1030 PL_utf8_totitle = NULL;
1031 PL_utf8_tolower = NULL;
1032 PL_utf8_tofold = NULL;
1033 PL_utf8_idstart = NULL;
1034 PL_utf8_idcont = NULL;
1036 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
1037 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
1038 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = NULL;
1039 if (!specialCopIO(PL_compiling.cop_io))
1040 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_io);
1041 PL_compiling.cop_io = NULL;
1042 Perl_refcounted_he_free(aTHX_ PL_compiling.cop_hints);
1043 PL_compiling.cop_hints = NULL;
1044 CopFILE_free(&PL_compiling);
1045 CopSTASH_free(&PL_compiling);
1047 /* Prepare to destruct main symbol table. */
1052 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_curstname);
1053 PL_curstname = NULL;
1055 /* clear queued errors */
1056 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_errors);
1060 if (destruct_level >= 2 && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL)) {
1061 if (PL_scopestack_ix != 0)
1062 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
1063 "Unbalanced scopes: %ld more ENTERs than LEAVEs\n",
1064 (long)PL_scopestack_ix);
1065 if (PL_savestack_ix != 0)
1066 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
1067 "Unbalanced saves: %ld more saves than restores\n",
1068 (long)PL_savestack_ix);
1069 if (PL_tmps_floor != -1)
1070 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Unbalanced tmps: %ld more allocs than frees\n",
1071 (long)PL_tmps_floor + 1);
1072 if (cxstack_ix != -1)
1073 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Unbalanced context: %ld more PUSHes than POPs\n",
1074 (long)cxstack_ix + 1);
1077 /* Now absolutely destruct everything, somehow or other, loops or no. */
1078 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) |= SVTYPEMASK; /* don't clean out pid table now */
1079 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) |= SVTYPEMASK; /* don't clean out strtab now */
1081 /* the 2 is for PL_fdpid and PL_strtab */
1082 while (PL_sv_count > 2 && sv_clean_all())
1085 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) &= ~SVTYPEMASK;
1086 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) |= SVt_PVAV;
1087 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) &= ~SVTYPEMASK;
1088 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) |= SVt_PVHV;
1090 AvREAL_off(PL_fdpid); /* no surviving entries */
1091 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_fdpid); /* needed in io_close() */
1094 #ifdef HAVE_INTERP_INTERN
1098 /* Destruct the global string table. */
1100 /* Yell and reset the HeVAL() slots that are still holding refcounts,
1101 * so that sv_free() won't fail on them.
1102 * Now that the global string table is using a single hunk of memory
1103 * for both HE and HEK, we either need to explicitly unshare it the
1104 * correct way, or actually free things here.
1107 const I32 max = HvMAX(PL_strtab);
1108 HE * const * const array = HvARRAY(PL_strtab);
1109 HE *hent = array[0];
1112 if (hent && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL)) {
1113 HE * const next = HeNEXT(hent);
1114 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
1115 "Unbalanced string table refcount: (%ld) for \"%s\"",
1116 (long)hent->he_valu.hent_refcount, HeKEY(hent));
1123 hent = array[riter];
1128 HvARRAY(PL_strtab) = 0;
1129 HvTOTALKEYS(PL_strtab) = 0;
1130 HvFILL(PL_strtab) = 0;
1132 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_strtab);
1135 /* free the pointer tables used for cloning */
1136 ptr_table_free(PL_ptr_table);
1137 PL_ptr_table = (PTR_TBL_t*)NULL;
1140 /* free special SVs */
1142 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_yes) = 0;
1143 sv_clear(&PL_sv_yes);
1144 SvANY(&PL_sv_yes) = NULL;
1145 SvFLAGS(&PL_sv_yes) = 0;
1147 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_no) = 0;
1148 sv_clear(&PL_sv_no);
1149 SvANY(&PL_sv_no) = NULL;
1150 SvFLAGS(&PL_sv_no) = 0;
1154 for (i=0; i<=2; i++) {
1155 SvREFCNT(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = 0;
1156 sv_clear(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i));
1157 SvANY(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = NULL;
1158 SvFLAGS(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = 0;
1162 if (PL_sv_count != 0 && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
1163 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Scalars leaked: %ld\n", (long)PL_sv_count);
1165 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS
1166 if (PL_sv_count != 0) {
1171 for (sva = PL_sv_arenaroot; sva; sva = (SV*)SvANY(sva)) {
1172 svend = &sva[SvREFCNT(sva)];
1173 for (sv = sva + 1; sv < svend; ++sv) {
1174 if (SvTYPE(sv) != SVTYPEMASK) {
1175 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "leaked: sv=0x%p"
1177 " refcnt=%"UVuf pTHX__FORMAT "\n"
1178 "\tallocated at %s:%d %s %s%s\n",
1179 sv, sv->sv_flags, sv->sv_refcnt pTHX__VALUE,
1180 sv->sv_debug_file ? sv->sv_debug_file : "(unknown)",
1182 sv->sv_debug_inpad ? "for" : "by",
1183 sv->sv_debug_optype ?
1184 PL_op_name[sv->sv_debug_optype]: "(none)",
1185 sv->sv_debug_cloned ? " (cloned)" : ""
1187 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
1188 Perl_dump_sv_child(aTHX_ sv);
1194 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
1198 /* Wait for up to 4 seconds for child to terminate.
1199 This seems to be the least effort way of timing out on reaping
1201 struct timeval waitfor = {4, 0};
1202 int sock = PL_dumper_fd;
1206 FD_SET(sock, &rset);
1207 select(sock + 1, &rset, NULL, NULL, &waitfor);
1208 waitpid(child, &status, WNOHANG);
1216 #if defined(PERLIO_LAYERS)
1217 /* No more IO - including error messages ! */
1218 PerlIO_cleanup(aTHX);
1221 /* sv_undef needs to stay immortal until after PerlIO_cleanup
1222 as currently layers use it rather than NULL as a marker
1223 for no arg - and will try and SvREFCNT_dec it.
1225 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_undef) = 0;
1226 SvREADONLY_off(&PL_sv_undef);
1228 Safefree(PL_origfilename);
1229 PL_origfilename = NULL;
1230 Safefree(PL_reg_start_tmp);
1231 PL_reg_start_tmp = (char**)NULL;
1232 PL_reg_start_tmpl = 0;
1233 Safefree(PL_reg_curpm);
1234 Safefree(PL_reg_poscache);
1235 free_tied_hv_pool();
1236 Safefree(PL_op_mask);
1237 Safefree(PL_psig_ptr);
1238 PL_psig_ptr = (SV**)NULL;
1239 Safefree(PL_psig_name);
1240 PL_psig_name = (SV**)NULL;
1241 Safefree(PL_bitcount);
1243 Safefree(PL_psig_pend);
1244 PL_psig_pend = (int*)NULL;
1247 PL_tainting = FALSE;
1248 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
1249 PL_hints = 0; /* Reset hints. Should hints be per-interpreter ? */
1252 DEBUG_P(debprofdump());
1254 #ifdef USE_REENTRANT_API
1255 Perl_reentrant_free(aTHX);
1260 while (PL_regmatch_slab) {
1261 regmatch_slab *s = PL_regmatch_slab;
1262 PL_regmatch_slab = PL_regmatch_slab->next;
1266 /* As the absolutely last thing, free the non-arena SV for mess() */
1269 /* we know that type == SVt_PVMG */
1271 /* it could have accumulated taint magic */
1274 for (mg = SvMAGIC(PL_mess_sv); mg; mg = moremagic) {
1275 moremagic = mg->mg_moremagic;
1276 if (mg->mg_ptr && mg->mg_type != PERL_MAGIC_regex_global
1278 Safefree(mg->mg_ptr);
1282 /* we know that type >= SVt_PV */
1283 SvPV_free(PL_mess_sv);
1284 Safefree(SvANY(PL_mess_sv));
1285 Safefree(PL_mess_sv);
1292 =for apidoc perl_free
1294 Releases a Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
1302 #ifdef PERL_TRACK_MEMPOOL
1305 * Don't free thread memory if PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL is set to a non-zero
1306 * value as we're probably hunting memory leaks then
1308 const char * const s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL");
1309 if (!s || atoi(s) == 0) {
1310 /* Emulate the PerlHost behaviour of free()ing all memory allocated in this
1311 thread at thread exit. */
1312 while(aTHXx->Imemory_debug_header.next != &(aTHXx->Imemory_debug_header))
1313 safesysfree(sTHX + (char *)(aTHXx->Imemory_debug_header.next));
1318 #if defined(WIN32) || defined(NETWARE)
1319 # if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS)
1322 void *host = nw_internal_host;
1324 void *host = w32_internal_host;
1326 PerlMem_free(aTHXx);
1328 nw_delete_internal_host(host);
1330 win32_delete_internal_host(host);
1334 PerlMem_free(aTHXx);
1337 PerlMem_free(aTHXx);
1341 #if defined(USE_ITHREADS)
1342 /* provide destructors to clean up the thread key when libperl is unloaded */
1343 #ifndef WIN32 /* handled during DLL_PROCESS_DETACH in win32/perllib.c */
1345 #if defined(__hpux) && !(defined(__ux_version) && __ux_version <= 1020) && !defined(__GNUC__)
1346 #pragma fini "perl_fini"
1350 #if defined(__GNUC__)
1351 __attribute__((destructor))
1361 #endif /* THREADS */
1364 Perl_call_atexit(pTHX_ ATEXIT_t fn, void *ptr)
1367 Renew(PL_exitlist, PL_exitlistlen+1, PerlExitListEntry);
1368 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].fn = fn;
1369 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].ptr = ptr;
1373 #ifdef HAS_PROCSELFEXE
1374 /* This is a function so that we don't hold on to MAXPATHLEN
1375 bytes of stack longer than necessary
1378 S_procself_val(pTHX_ SV *sv, const char *arg0)
1380 char buf[MAXPATHLEN];
1381 int len = readlink(PROCSELFEXE_PATH, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);
1383 /* On Playstation2 Linux V1.0 (kernel 2.2.1) readlink(/proc/self/exe)
1384 includes a spurious NUL which will cause $^X to fail in system
1385 or backticks (this will prevent extensions from being built and
1386 many tests from working). readlink is not meant to add a NUL.
1387 Normal readlink works fine.
1389 if (len > 0 && buf[len-1] == '\0') {
1393 /* FreeBSD's implementation is acknowledged to be imperfect, sometimes
1394 returning the text "unknown" from the readlink rather than the path
1395 to the executable (or returning an error from the readlink). Any valid
1396 path has a '/' in it somewhere, so use that to validate the result.
1397 See http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/query-pr.cgi?pr=35703
1399 if (len > 0 && memchr(buf, '/', len)) {
1400 sv_setpvn(sv,buf,len);
1406 #endif /* HAS_PROCSELFEXE */
1409 S_set_caret_X(pTHX) {
1411 GV* tmpgv = gv_fetchpvs("\030", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV); /* $^X */
1413 #ifdef HAS_PROCSELFEXE
1414 S_procself_val(aTHX_ GvSV(tmpgv), PL_origargv[0]);
1417 sv_setpv(GvSVn(tmpgv), os2_execname(aTHX));
1419 sv_setpv(GvSVn(tmpgv),PL_origargv[0]);
1426 =for apidoc perl_parse
1428 Tells a Perl interpreter to parse a Perl script. See L<perlembed>.
1434 perl_parse(pTHXx_ XSINIT_t xsinit, int argc, char **argv, char **env)
1441 PERL_UNUSED_VAR(my_perl);
1443 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
1446 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "suidperl is no longer needed since the kernel can now execute\n\
1447 setuid perl scripts securely.\n");
1448 #endif /* IAMSUID */
1451 #if defined(USE_HASH_SEED) || defined(USE_HASH_SEED_EXPLICIT)
1452 /* [perl #22371] Algorimic Complexity Attack on Perl 5.6.1, 5.8.0
1453 * This MUST be done before any hash stores or fetches take place.
1454 * If you set PL_rehash_seed (and assumedly also PL_rehash_seed_set)
1455 * yourself, it is your responsibility to provide a good random seed!
1456 * You can also define PERL_HASH_SEED in compile time, see hv.h. */
1457 if (!PL_rehash_seed_set)
1458 PL_rehash_seed = get_hash_seed();
1460 const char * const s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_HASH_SEED_DEBUG");
1462 if (s && (atoi(s) == 1))
1463 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "HASH_SEED = %"UVuf"\n", PL_rehash_seed);
1465 #endif /* #if defined(USE_HASH_SEED) || defined(USE_HASH_SEED_EXPLICIT) */
1470 if (PL_origalen != 0) {
1471 PL_origalen = 1; /* don't use old PL_origalen if perl_parse() is called again */
1474 /* Set PL_origalen be the sum of the contiguous argv[]
1475 * elements plus the size of the env in case that it is
1476 * contiguous with the argv[]. This is used in mg.c:Perl_magic_set()
1477 * as the maximum modifiable length of $0. In the worst case
1478 * the area we are able to modify is limited to the size of
1479 * the original argv[0]. (See below for 'contiguous', though.)
1481 const char *s = NULL;
1484 ~(UV)(PTRSIZE == 4 ? 3 : PTRSIZE == 8 ? 7 : PTRSIZE == 16 ? 15 : 0);
1485 /* Do the mask check only if the args seem like aligned. */
1487 (mask < ~(UV)0) && ((PTR2UV(argv[0]) & mask) == PTR2UV(argv[0]));
1489 /* See if all the arguments are contiguous in memory. Note
1490 * that 'contiguous' is a loose term because some platforms
1491 * align the argv[] and the envp[]. If the arguments look
1492 * like non-aligned, assume that they are 'strictly' or
1493 * 'traditionally' contiguous. If the arguments look like
1494 * aligned, we just check that they are within aligned
1495 * PTRSIZE bytes. As long as no system has something bizarre
1496 * like the argv[] interleaved with some other data, we are
1497 * fine. (Did I just evoke Murphy's Law?) --jhi */
1498 if (PL_origargv && PL_origargc >= 1 && (s = PL_origargv[0])) {
1500 for (i = 1; i < PL_origargc; i++) {
1501 if ((PL_origargv[i] == s + 1
1503 || PL_origargv[i] == s + 2
1508 (PL_origargv[i] > s &&
1510 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1520 /* Can we grab env area too to be used as the area for $0? */
1521 if (s && PL_origenviron) {
1522 if ((PL_origenviron[0] == s + 1
1524 || (PL_origenviron[0] == s + 9 && (s += 8))
1529 (PL_origenviron[0] > s &&
1530 PL_origenviron[0] <=
1531 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1535 s = PL_origenviron[0];
1538 my_setenv("NoNe SuCh", NULL);
1539 /* Force copy of environment. */
1540 for (i = 1; PL_origenviron[i]; i++) {
1541 if (PL_origenviron[i] == s + 1
1544 (PL_origenviron[i] > s &&
1545 PL_origenviron[i] <=
1546 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1549 s = PL_origenviron[i];
1557 PL_origalen = s ? s - PL_origargv[0] + 1 : 0;
1562 /* Come here if running an undumped a.out. */
1564 PL_origfilename = savepv(argv[0]);
1565 PL_do_undump = FALSE;
1566 cxstack_ix = -1; /* start label stack again */
1568 assert (!PL_tainted);
1570 S_set_caret_X(aTHX);
1572 init_postdump_symbols(argc,argv,env);
1577 op_free(PL_main_root);
1578 PL_main_root = NULL;
1580 PL_main_start = NULL;
1581 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_main_cv);
1585 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
1586 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_OFF;
1591 parse_body(env,xsinit);
1593 call_list(oldscope, PL_checkav);
1600 /* my_exit() was called */
1601 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
1604 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
1606 call_list(oldscope, PL_checkav);
1610 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: top_env\n");
1619 S_parse_body(pTHX_ char **env, XSINIT_t xsinit)
1622 int argc = PL_origargc;
1623 char **argv = PL_origargv;
1624 const char *scriptname = NULL;
1625 VOL bool dosearch = FALSE;
1626 const char *validarg = "";
1629 const char *cddir = NULL;
1630 #ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
1631 bool minus_f = FALSE;
1634 sv_setpvn(PL_linestr,"",0);
1635 sv = newSVpvs(""); /* first used for -I flags */
1639 for (argc--,argv++; argc > 0; argc--,argv++) {
1640 if (argv[0][0] != '-' || !argv[0][1])
1644 validarg = " PHOOEY ";
1648 * Can we rely on the kernel to start scripts with argv[1] set to
1649 * contain all #! line switches (the whole line)? (argv[0] is set to
1650 * the interpreter name, argv[2] to the script name; argv[3] and
1651 * above may contain other arguments.)
1658 #ifndef PERL_STRICT_CR
1683 if ((s = moreswitches(s)))
1688 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('t');
1689 if( !PL_tainting ) {
1690 PL_taint_warn = TRUE;
1696 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('T');
1698 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
1706 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1707 /* ignore -e for Dev:Pseudo argument */
1708 if (argv[1] && !strcmp(argv[1], "Dev:Pseudo"))
1711 forbid_setid('e', -1);
1713 PL_e_script = newSVpvs("");
1714 filter_add(read_e_script, NULL);
1717 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, s);
1719 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, argv[1]);
1723 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No code specified for -%c", *s);
1724 sv_catpvs(PL_e_script, "\n");
1728 #ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
1734 case 'I': /* -I handled both here and in moreswitches() */
1735 forbid_setid('I', -1);
1736 if (!*++s && (s=argv[1]) != NULL) {
1740 STRLEN len = strlen(s);
1741 const char * const p = savepvn(s, len);
1742 incpush(p, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE, FALSE);
1743 sv_catpvs(sv, "-I");
1744 sv_catpvn(sv, p, len);
1749 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No directory specified for -I");
1752 forbid_setid('P', -1);
1753 PL_preprocess = TRUE;
1757 forbid_setid('S', -1);
1766 PL_preambleav = newAV();
1767 av_push(PL_preambleav,
1768 newSVpvs("use Config;"));
1772 opts_prog = newSVpvs("print Config::myconfig(),");
1774 sv_catpvs(opts_prog,"\"\\nCharacteristics of this PERLSHR image: \\n\",");
1776 sv_catpvs(opts_prog,"\"\\nCharacteristics of this binary (from libperl): \\n\",");
1778 opts = SvCUR(opts_prog);
1780 Perl_sv_catpv(aTHX_ opts_prog,"\" Compile-time options:"
1784 # ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS
1785 " DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS"
1787 # ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
1788 " DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP"
1790 # ifdef FAKE_THREADS
1793 # ifdef MULTIPLICITY
1802 # ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
1803 " PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV"
1805 # ifdef PERL_GLOBAL_STRUCT
1806 " PERL_GLOBAL_STRUCT"
1808 # ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
1809 " PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT"
1811 # ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
1812 " PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS"
1817 # ifdef PERL_MALLOC_WRAP
1820 # ifdef PERL_NEED_APPCTX
1823 # ifdef PERL_NEED_TIMESBASE
1824 " PERL_NEED_TIMESBASE"
1826 # ifdef PERL_OLD_COPY_ON_WRITE
1827 " PERL_OLD_COPY_ON_WRITE"
1829 # ifdef PERL_TRACK_MEMPOOL
1830 " PERL_TRACK_MEMPOOL"
1832 # ifdef PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV
1833 " PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV"
1835 #ifdef PERL_USES_PL_PIDSTATUS
1836 " PERL_USES_PL_PIDSTATUS"
1838 # ifdef PL_OP_SLAB_ALLOC
1841 # ifdef THREADS_HAVE_PIDS
1842 " THREADS_HAVE_PIDS"
1844 # ifdef USE_64_BIT_ALL
1847 # ifdef USE_64_BIT_INT
1850 # ifdef USE_ITHREADS
1853 # ifdef USE_LARGE_FILES
1856 # ifdef USE_LONG_DOUBLE
1862 # ifdef USE_REENTRANT_API
1863 " USE_REENTRANT_API"
1868 # ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
1869 " USE_SITECUSTOMIZE"
1876 while (SvCUR(opts_prog) > opts+76) {
1877 /* find last space after "options: " and before col 76
1881 char * const pv = SvPV_nolen(opts_prog);
1882 const char c = pv[opts+76];
1884 space = strrchr(pv+opts+26, ' ');
1886 if (!space) break; /* "Can't happen" */
1888 /* break the line before that space */
1891 Perl_sv_insert(aTHX_ opts_prog, opts, 0,
1892 STR_WITH_LEN("\\n "));
1895 sv_catpvs(opts_prog,"\\n\",");
1897 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
1898 if (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT > 0) {
1900 sv_catpvs(opts_prog,
1901 "\" Locally applied patches:\\n\",");
1902 for (i = 1; i <= LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT; i++) {
1903 if (PL_localpatches[i])
1904 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ opts_prog,"q%c\t%s\n%c,",
1905 0, PL_localpatches[i], 0);
1909 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ opts_prog,
1910 "\" Built under %s\\n\"",OSNAME);
1913 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ opts_prog,
1914 ",\" Compiled at %s %s\\n\"",__DATE__,
1917 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ opts_prog,",\" Compiled on %s\\n\"",
1921 sv_catpvs(opts_prog, "; $\"=\"\\n \"; "
1922 "@env = map { \"$_=\\\"$ENV{$_}\\\"\" } "
1923 "sort grep {/^PERL/} keys %ENV; ");
1925 sv_catpvs(opts_prog,
1926 "push @env, \"CYGWIN=\\\"$ENV{CYGWIN}\\\"\";");
1928 sv_catpvs(opts_prog,
1929 "print \" \\%ENV:\\n @env\\n\" if @env;"
1930 "print \" \\@INC:\\n @INC\\n\";");
1934 opts_prog = Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_
1935 "Config::config_vars(qw%c%s%c)",
1939 av_push(PL_preambleav, opts_prog);
1940 /* don't look for script or read stdin */
1941 scriptname = BIT_BUCKET;
1945 PL_doextract = TRUE;
1953 if (!*++s || isSPACE(*s)) {
1957 /* catch use of gnu style long options */
1958 if (strEQ(s, "version")) {
1962 if (strEQ(s, "help")) {
1969 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Unrecognized switch: -%s (-h will show valid options)",s);
1975 #ifndef SECURE_INTERNAL_GETENV
1978 (s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL5OPT")))
1980 const char *popt = s;
1983 if (*s == '-' && *(s+1) == 'T') {
1984 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('T');
1986 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
1989 char *popt_copy = NULL;
2002 if (!strchr("CDIMUdmtwA", *s))
2003 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Illegal switch in PERL5OPT: -%c", *s);
2007 popt_copy = SvPVX(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(popt,0)));
2008 s = popt_copy + (s - popt);
2009 d = popt_copy + (d - popt);
2016 if( !PL_tainting ) {
2017 PL_taint_warn = TRUE;
2027 #ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
2030 PL_preambleav = newAV();
2031 av_unshift(PL_preambleav, 1);
2032 (void)av_store(PL_preambleav, 0, Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "BEGIN { do '%s/sitecustomize.pl' }", SITELIB_EXP));
2036 if (PL_taint_warn && PL_dowarn != G_WARN_ALL_OFF) {
2037 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = newSVpvn(WARN_TAINTstring, WARNsize);
2041 scriptname = argv[0];
2044 scriptname = BIT_BUCKET; /* don't look for script or read stdin */
2046 else if (scriptname == NULL) {
2048 if ( PerlLIO_isatty(PerlIO_fileno(PerlIO_stdin())) )
2054 /* Set $^X early so that it can be used for relocatable paths in @INC */
2055 assert (!PL_tainted);
2057 S_set_caret_X(aTHX);
2064 = open_script(scriptname, dosearch, sv, &suidscript);
2066 validate_suid(validarg, scriptname, fdscript, suidscript);
2069 # if defined(SIGCHLD) || defined(SIGCLD)
2072 # define SIGCHLD SIGCLD
2074 Sighandler_t sigstate = rsignal_state(SIGCHLD);
2075 if (sigstate == (Sighandler_t) SIG_IGN) {
2076 if (ckWARN(WARN_SIGNAL))
2077 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_SIGNAL),
2078 "Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default");
2079 (void)rsignal(SIGCHLD, (Sighandler_t)SIG_DFL);
2086 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2087 || gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract
2091 /* This will croak if suidscript is >= 0, as -x cannot be used with
2093 forbid_setid('x', suidscript);
2094 /* Hence you can't get here if suidscript >= 0 */
2097 if (cddir && PerlDir_chdir( (char *)cddir ) < 0)
2098 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't chdir to %s",cddir);
2102 PL_main_cv = PL_compcv = (CV*)newSV(0);
2103 sv_upgrade((SV *)PL_compcv, SVt_PVCV);
2104 CvUNIQUE_on(PL_compcv);
2106 CvPADLIST(PL_compcv) = pad_new(0);
2109 boot_core_UNIVERSAL();
2110 boot_core_xsutils();
2113 (*xsinit)(aTHX); /* in case linked C routines want magical variables */
2115 #if defined(VMS) || defined(WIN32) || defined(DJGPP) || defined(__CYGWIN__) || defined(EPOC) || defined(SYMBIAN)
2121 # ifdef HAS_SOCKS5_INIT
2122 socks5_init(argv[0]);
2128 init_predump_symbols();
2129 /* init_postdump_symbols not currently designed to be called */
2130 /* more than once (ENV isn't cleared first, for example) */
2131 /* But running with -u leaves %ENV & @ARGV undefined! XXX */
2133 init_postdump_symbols(argc,argv,env);
2135 /* PL_unicode is turned on by -C, or by $ENV{PERL_UNICODE},
2136 * or explicitly in some platforms.
2137 * locale.c:Perl_init_i18nl10n() if the environment
2138 * look like the user wants to use UTF-8. */
2139 #if defined(__SYMBIAN32__)
2140 PL_unicode = PERL_UNICODE_STD_FLAG; /* See PERL_SYMBIAN_CONSOLE_UTF8. */
2143 /* Requires init_predump_symbols(). */
2144 if (!(PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_LOCALE_FLAG) || PL_utf8locale) {
2149 /* Turn on UTF-8-ness on STDIN, STDOUT, STDERR
2150 * and the default open disciplines. */
2151 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDIN_FLAG) &&
2152 PL_stdingv && (io = GvIO(PL_stdingv)) &&
2154 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
2155 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDOUT_FLAG) &&
2156 PL_defoutgv && (io = GvIO(PL_defoutgv)) &&
2158 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
2159 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDERR_FLAG) &&
2160 PL_stderrgv && (io = GvIO(PL_stderrgv)) &&
2162 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
2163 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_INOUT_FLAG) &&
2164 (sv = GvSV(gv_fetchpvs("\017PEN", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL,
2166 U32 in = PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_IN_FLAG;
2167 U32 out = PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_OUT_FLAG;
2170 sv_setpvn(sv, ":utf8\0:utf8", 11);
2172 sv_setpvn(sv, ":utf8\0", 6);
2175 sv_setpvn(sv, "\0:utf8", 6);
2181 if ((s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_SIGNALS"))) {
2182 if (strEQ(s, "unsafe"))
2183 PL_signals |= PERL_SIGNALS_UNSAFE_FLAG;
2184 else if (strEQ(s, "safe"))
2185 PL_signals &= ~PERL_SIGNALS_UNSAFE_FLAG;
2187 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "PERL_SIGNALS illegal: \"%s\"", s);
2191 if ((s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_XMLDUMP"))) {
2195 PL_xmlfp = PerlIO_stdout();
2197 PL_xmlfp = PerlIO_open(s, "w");
2199 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't open %s", s);
2201 my_setenv("PERL_XMLDUMP", Nullch); /* hide from subprocs */
2203 if ((s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_MADSKILLS"))) {
2204 PL_madskills = atoi(s);
2205 my_setenv("PERL_MADSKILLS", Nullch); /* hide from subprocs */
2211 /* now parse the script */
2213 SETERRNO(0,SS_NORMAL);
2215 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2216 if (gMacPerl_SyntaxError = (yyparse() || PL_error_count)) {
2218 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s had compilation errors.\n", MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
2220 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Execution of %s aborted due to compilation errors.\n",
2221 MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
2225 if (yyparse() || PL_error_count) {
2227 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s had compilation errors.\n", PL_origfilename);
2229 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Execution of %s aborted due to compilation errors.\n",
2234 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, 0);
2235 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2236 PL_preprocess = FALSE;
2238 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
2246 SAVECOPFILE(PL_curcop);
2247 SAVECOPLINE(PL_curcop);
2248 gv_check(PL_defstash);
2255 if ((s=PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS")) && atoi(s) >= 2)
2256 dump_mstats("after compilation:");
2265 =for apidoc perl_run
2267 Tells a Perl interpreter to run. See L<perlembed>.
2280 PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
2282 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
2290 cxstack_ix = -1; /* start context stack again */
2292 case 0: /* normal completion */
2296 case 2: /* my_exit() */
2297 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
2300 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2301 if (!(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_DESTRUCT_END) &&
2302 PL_endav && !PL_minus_c)
2303 call_list(oldscope, PL_endav);
2305 if (PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS"))
2306 dump_mstats("after execution: ");
2312 POPSTACK_TO(PL_mainstack);
2315 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: restartop\n");
2327 S_run_body(pTHX_ I32 oldscope)
2330 DEBUG_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "%s $` $& $' support.\n",
2331 PL_sawampersand ? "Enabling" : "Omitting"));
2333 if (!PL_restartop) {
2337 exit(0); /* less likely to core dump than my_exit(0) */
2340 DEBUG_x(dump_all());
2343 PERL_DEBUG(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "\nEXECUTING...\n\n"));
2345 DEBUG_S(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "main thread is 0x%"UVxf"\n",
2349 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2350 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "%s%s syntax OK\n",
2351 (gMacPerl_ErrorFormat ? "# " : ""),
2352 MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
2354 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "%s syntax OK\n", PL_origfilename);
2358 if (PERLDB_SINGLE && PL_DBsingle)
2359 sv_setiv(PL_DBsingle, 1);
2361 call_list(oldscope, PL_initav);
2367 PL_op = PL_restartop;
2371 else if (PL_main_start) {
2372 CvDEPTH(PL_main_cv) = 1;
2373 PL_op = PL_main_start;
2381 =head1 SV Manipulation Functions
2383 =for apidoc p||get_sv
2385 Returns the SV of the specified Perl scalar. If C<create> is set and the
2386 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
2387 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
2393 Perl_get_sv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
2396 gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PV);
2403 =head1 Array Manipulation Functions
2405 =for apidoc p||get_av
2407 Returns the AV of the specified Perl array. If C<create> is set and the
2408 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
2409 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
2415 Perl_get_av(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
2417 GV* const gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVAV);
2426 =head1 Hash Manipulation Functions
2428 =for apidoc p||get_hv
2430 Returns the HV of the specified Perl hash. If C<create> is set and the
2431 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
2432 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
2438 Perl_get_hv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
2440 GV* const gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVHV);
2449 =head1 CV Manipulation Functions
2451 =for apidoc p||get_cv
2453 Returns the CV of the specified Perl subroutine. If C<create> is set and
2454 the Perl subroutine does not exist then it will be declared (which has the
2455 same effect as saying C<sub name;>). If C<create> is not set and the
2456 subroutine does not exist then NULL is returned.
2462 Perl_get_cv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
2464 GV* const gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVCV);
2465 /* XXX unsafe for threads if eval_owner isn't held */
2466 /* XXX this is probably not what they think they're getting.
2467 * It has the same effect as "sub name;", i.e. just a forward
2469 if (create && !GvCVu(gv))
2470 return newSUB(start_subparse(FALSE, 0),
2471 newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSVpv(name,0)),
2478 /* Be sure to refetch the stack pointer after calling these routines. */
2482 =head1 Callback Functions
2484 =for apidoc p||call_argv
2486 Performs a callback to the specified Perl sub. See L<perlcall>.
2492 Perl_call_argv(pTHX_ const char *sub_name, I32 flags, register char **argv)
2494 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2495 /* null terminated arg list */
2503 XPUSHs(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(*argv,0)));
2508 return call_pv(sub_name, flags);
2512 =for apidoc p||call_pv
2514 Performs a callback to the specified Perl sub. See L<perlcall>.
2520 Perl_call_pv(pTHX_ const char *sub_name, I32 flags)
2521 /* name of the subroutine */
2522 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2524 return call_sv((SV*)get_cv(sub_name, TRUE), flags);
2528 =for apidoc p||call_method
2530 Performs a callback to the specified Perl method. The blessed object must
2531 be on the stack. See L<perlcall>.
2537 Perl_call_method(pTHX_ const char *methname, I32 flags)
2538 /* name of the subroutine */
2539 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2541 return call_sv(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(methname,0)), flags | G_METHOD);
2544 /* May be called with any of a CV, a GV, or an SV containing the name. */
2546 =for apidoc p||call_sv
2548 Performs a callback to the Perl sub whose name is in the SV. See
2555 Perl_call_sv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
2556 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2559 LOGOP myop; /* fake syntax tree node */
2562 volatile I32 retval = 0;
2564 bool oldcatch = CATCH_GET;
2566 OP* const oldop = PL_op;
2569 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2574 Zero(&myop, 1, LOGOP);
2575 myop.op_next = NULL;
2576 if (!(flags & G_NOARGS))
2577 myop.op_flags |= OPf_STACKED;
2578 myop.op_flags |= ((flags & G_VOID) ? OPf_WANT_VOID :
2579 (flags & G_ARRAY) ? OPf_WANT_LIST :
2584 EXTEND(PL_stack_sp, 1);
2585 *++PL_stack_sp = sv;
2587 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
2589 if (PERLDB_SUB && PL_curstash != PL_debstash
2590 /* Handle first BEGIN of -d. */
2591 && (PL_DBcv || (PL_DBcv = GvCV(PL_DBsub)))
2592 /* Try harder, since this may have been a sighandler, thus
2593 * curstash may be meaningless. */
2594 && (SvTYPE(sv) != SVt_PVCV || CvSTASH((CV*)sv) != PL_debstash)
2595 && !(flags & G_NODEBUG))
2596 PL_op->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_DB;
2598 if (flags & G_METHOD) {
2599 Zero(&method_op, 1, UNOP);
2600 method_op.op_next = PL_op;
2601 method_op.op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_METHOD];
2602 myop.op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_ENTERSUB];
2603 PL_op = (OP*)&method_op;
2606 if (!(flags & G_EVAL)) {
2608 call_body((OP*)&myop, FALSE);
2609 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2610 CATCH_SET(oldcatch);
2613 myop.op_other = (OP*)&myop;
2615 create_eval_scope(flags|G_FAKINGEVAL);
2623 call_body((OP*)&myop, FALSE);
2624 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2625 if (!(flags & G_KEEPERR))
2626 sv_setpvn(ERRSV,"",0);
2632 /* my_exit() was called */
2633 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2636 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED))
2637 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Callback called exit");
2642 PL_op = PL_restartop;
2646 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2647 if (flags & G_ARRAY)
2651 *++PL_stack_sp = &PL_sv_undef;
2656 if (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
2657 delete_eval_scope();
2661 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2662 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2672 S_call_body(pTHX_ const OP *myop, bool is_eval)
2675 if (PL_op == myop) {
2677 PL_op = Perl_pp_entereval(aTHX); /* this doesn't do a POPMARK */
2679 PL_op = Perl_pp_entersub(aTHX); /* this does */
2685 /* Eval a string. The G_EVAL flag is always assumed. */
2688 =for apidoc p||eval_sv
2690 Tells Perl to C<eval> the string in the SV.
2696 Perl_eval_sv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
2698 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2702 UNOP myop; /* fake syntax tree node */
2703 volatile I32 oldmark = SP - PL_stack_base;
2704 volatile I32 retval = 0;
2706 OP* const oldop = PL_op;
2709 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2716 Zero(PL_op, 1, UNOP);
2717 EXTEND(PL_stack_sp, 1);
2718 *++PL_stack_sp = sv;
2720 if (!(flags & G_NOARGS))
2721 myop.op_flags = OPf_STACKED;
2722 myop.op_next = NULL;
2723 myop.op_type = OP_ENTEREVAL;
2724 myop.op_flags |= ((flags & G_VOID) ? OPf_WANT_VOID :
2725 (flags & G_ARRAY) ? OPf_WANT_LIST :
2727 if (flags & G_KEEPERR)
2728 myop.op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL;
2730 /* fail now; otherwise we could fail after the JMPENV_PUSH but
2731 * before a PUSHEVAL, which corrupts the stack after a croak */
2732 TAINT_PROPER("eval_sv()");
2738 call_body((OP*)&myop,TRUE);
2739 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2740 if (!(flags & G_KEEPERR))
2741 sv_setpvn(ERRSV,"",0);
2747 /* my_exit() was called */
2748 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2751 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED))
2752 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Callback called exit");
2757 PL_op = PL_restartop;
2761 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2762 if (flags & G_ARRAY)
2766 *++PL_stack_sp = &PL_sv_undef;
2772 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2773 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2783 =for apidoc p||eval_pv
2785 Tells Perl to C<eval> the given string and return an SV* result.
2791 Perl_eval_pv(pTHX_ const char *p, I32 croak_on_error)
2795 SV* sv = newSVpv(p, 0);
2797 eval_sv(sv, G_SCALAR);
2804 if (croak_on_error && SvTRUE(ERRSV)) {
2805 Perl_croak(aTHX_ SvPVx_nolen_const(ERRSV));
2811 /* Require a module. */
2814 =head1 Embedding Functions
2816 =for apidoc p||require_pv
2818 Tells Perl to C<require> the file named by the string argument. It is
2819 analogous to the Perl code C<eval "require '$file'">. It's even
2820 implemented that way; consider using load_module instead.
2825 Perl_require_pv(pTHX_ const char *pv)
2830 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_REQUIRE);
2832 sv = Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "require q%c%s%c", 0, pv, 0);
2833 eval_sv(sv_2mortal(sv), G_DISCARD);
2839 Perl_magicname(pTHX_ const char *sym, const char *name, I32 namlen)
2841 register GV * const gv = gv_fetchpv(sym, GV_ADD, SVt_PV);
2844 sv_magic(GvSV(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, namlen);
2848 S_usage(pTHX_ const char *name) /* XXX move this out into a module ? */
2850 /* This message really ought to be max 23 lines.
2851 * Removed -h because the user already knows that option. Others? */
2853 static const char * const usage_msg[] = {
2854 "-0[octal] specify record separator (\\0, if no argument)",
2855 "-A[mod][=pattern] activate all/given assertions",
2856 "-a autosplit mode with -n or -p (splits $_ into @F)",
2857 "-C[number/list] enables the listed Unicode features",
2858 "-c check syntax only (runs BEGIN and CHECK blocks)",
2859 "-d[:debugger] run program under debugger",
2860 "-D[number/list] set debugging flags (argument is a bit mask or alphabets)",
2861 "-e program one line of program (several -e's allowed, omit programfile)",
2862 "-E program like -e, but enables all optional features",
2863 "-f don't do $sitelib/sitecustomize.pl at startup",
2864 "-F/pattern/ split() pattern for -a switch (//'s are optional)",
2865 "-i[extension] edit <> files in place (makes backup if extension supplied)",
2866 "-Idirectory specify @INC/#include directory (several -I's allowed)",
2867 "-l[octal] enable line ending processing, specifies line terminator",
2868 "-[mM][-]module execute \"use/no module...\" before executing program",
2869 "-n assume \"while (<>) { ... }\" loop around program",
2870 "-p assume loop like -n but print line also, like sed",
2871 "-P run program through C preprocessor before compilation",
2872 "-s enable rudimentary parsing for switches after programfile",
2873 "-S look for programfile using PATH environment variable",
2874 "-t enable tainting warnings",
2875 "-T enable tainting checks",
2876 "-u dump core after parsing program",
2877 "-U allow unsafe operations",
2878 "-v print version, subversion (includes VERY IMPORTANT perl info)",
2879 "-V[:variable] print configuration summary (or a single Config.pm variable)",
2880 "-w enable many useful warnings (RECOMMENDED)",
2881 "-W enable all warnings",
2882 "-x[directory] strip off text before #!perl line and perhaps cd to directory",
2883 "-X disable all warnings",
2887 const char * const *p = usage_msg;
2889 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2890 "\nUsage: %s [switches] [--] [programfile] [arguments]",
2893 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(), "\n %s", *p++);
2896 /* convert a string of -D options (or digits) into an int.
2897 * sets *s to point to the char after the options */
2901 Perl_get_debug_opts(pTHX_ const char **s, bool givehelp)
2903 static const char * const usage_msgd[] = {
2904 " Debugging flag values: (see also -d)",
2905 " p Tokenizing and parsing (with v, displays parse stack)",
2906 " s Stack snapshots (with v, displays all stacks)",
2907 " l Context (loop) stack processing",
2908 " t Trace execution",
2909 " o Method and overloading resolution",
2910 " c String/numeric conversions",
2911 " P Print profiling info, preprocessor command for -P, source file input state",
2912 " m Memory allocation",
2913 " f Format processing",
2914 " r Regular expression parsing and execution",
2915 " x Syntax tree dump",
2916 " u Tainting checks",
2917 " H Hash dump -- usurps values()",
2918 " X Scratchpad allocation",
2920 " S Thread synchronization",
2922 " R Include reference counts of dumped variables (eg when using -Ds)",
2923 " J Do not s,t,P-debug (Jump over) opcodes within package DB",
2924 " v Verbose: use in conjunction with other flags",
2926 " A Consistency checks on internal structures",
2927 " q quiet - currently only suppresses the 'EXECUTING' message",
2932 /* if adding extra options, remember to update DEBUG_MASK */
2933 static const char debopts[] = "psltocPmfrxu HXDSTRJvCAq";
2935 for (; isALNUM(**s); (*s)++) {
2936 const char * const d = strchr(debopts,**s);
2938 i |= 1 << (d - debopts);
2939 else if (ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
2940 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
2941 "invalid option -D%c, use -D'' to see choices\n", **s);
2944 else if (isDIGIT(**s)) {
2946 for (; isALNUM(**s); (*s)++) ;
2948 else if (givehelp) {
2949 const char *const *p = usage_msgd;
2950 while (*p) PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(), "%s\n", *p++);
2953 if ((i & DEBUG_p_FLAG) && ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
2954 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
2955 "-Dp not implemented on this platform\n");
2961 /* This routine handles any switches that can be given during run */
2964 Perl_moreswitches(pTHX_ char *s)
2975 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rs);
2976 if (s[1] == 'x' && s[2]) {
2977 const char *e = s+=2;
2983 flags = PERL_SCAN_SILENT_ILLDIGIT;
2984 rschar = (U32)grok_hex(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
2985 if (s + numlen < e) {
2986 rschar = 0; /* Grandfather -0xFOO as -0 -xFOO. */
2990 PL_rs = newSVpvs("");
2991 SvGROW(PL_rs, (STRLEN)(UNISKIP(rschar) + 1));
2992 tmps = (U8*)SvPVX(PL_rs);
2993 uvchr_to_utf8(tmps, rschar);
2994 SvCUR_set(PL_rs, UNISKIP(rschar));
2999 rschar = (U32)grok_oct(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
3000 if (rschar & ~((U8)~0))
3001 PL_rs = &PL_sv_undef;
3002 else if (!rschar && numlen >= 2)
3003 PL_rs = newSVpvs("");
3005 char ch = (char)rschar;
3006 PL_rs = newSVpvn(&ch, 1);
3009 sv_setsv(get_sv("/", TRUE), PL_rs);
3014 PL_unicode = parse_unicode_opts( (const char **)&s );
3019 while (*s && !isSPACE(*s)) ++s;
3020 PL_splitstr = savepvn(PL_splitstr, s - PL_splitstr);
3031 forbid_setid('d', -1);
3034 /* -dt indicates to the debugger that threads will be used */
3035 if (*s == 't' && !isALNUM(s[1])) {
3037 my_setenv("PERL5DB_THREADED", "1");
3040 /* The following permits -d:Mod to accepts arguments following an =
3041 in the fashion that -MSome::Mod does. */
3042 if (*s == ':' || *s == '=') {
3044 SV * const sv = newSVpvs("use Devel::");
3046 /* We now allow -d:Module=Foo,Bar */
3047 while(isALNUM(*s) || *s==':') ++s;
3049 sv_catpv(sv, start);
3051 sv_catpvn(sv, start, s-start);
3052 /* Don't use NUL as q// delimiter here, this string goes in the
3054 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ sv, " split(/,/,q{%s});", ++s);
3057 my_setenv("PERL5DB", SvPV_nolen_const(sv));
3060 PL_perldb = PERLDB_ALL;
3067 forbid_setid('D', -1);
3069 PL_debug = get_debug_opts( (const char **)&s, 1) | DEBUG_TOP_FLAG;
3070 #else /* !DEBUGGING */
3071 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
3072 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
3073 "Recompile perl with -DDEBUGGING to use -D switch (did you mean -d ?)\n");
3074 for (s++; isALNUM(*s); s++) ;
3079 usage(PL_origargv[0]);
3082 Safefree(PL_inplace);
3083 #if defined(__CYGWIN__) /* do backup extension automagically */
3084 if (*(s+1) == '\0') {
3085 PL_inplace = savepvs(".bak");
3088 #endif /* __CYGWIN__ */
3090 const char * const start = ++s;
3091 while (*s && !isSPACE(*s))
3094 PL_inplace = savepvn(start, s - start);
3098 if (*s == '-') /* Additional switches on #! line. */
3102 case 'I': /* -I handled both here and in parse_body() */
3103 forbid_setid('I', -1);
3105 while (*s && isSPACE(*s))
3110 /* ignore trailing spaces (possibly followed by other switches) */
3112 for (e = p; *e && !isSPACE(*e); e++) ;
3116 } while (*p && *p != '-');
3117 e = savepvn(s, e-s);
3118 incpush(e, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE, FALSE);
3125 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No directory specified for -I");
3131 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ors_sv);
3137 PL_ors_sv = newSVpvs("\n");
3138 numlen = 3 + (*s == '0');
3139 *SvPVX(PL_ors_sv) = (char)grok_oct(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
3143 if (RsPARA(PL_rs)) {
3144 PL_ors_sv = newSVpvs("\n\n");
3147 PL_ors_sv = newSVsv(PL_rs);
3152 forbid_setid('A', -1);
3154 PL_preambleav = newAV();
3157 char * const start = s;
3158 SV * const sv = newSVpvs("use assertions::activate");
3159 while(isALNUM(*s) || *s == ':') ++s;
3161 sv_catpvs(sv, "::");
3162 sv_catpvn(sv, start, s-start);
3165 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ sv, " split(/,/,q%c%s%c)", 0, ++s, 0);
3168 else if (*s != '\0') {
3169 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use '%c' after -A%.*s", *s, (int)(s-start), start);
3171 av_push(PL_preambleav, sv);
3175 forbid_setid('M', -1); /* XXX ? */
3178 forbid_setid('m', -1); /* XXX ? */
3182 const char *use = "use ";
3183 /* -M-foo == 'no foo' */
3184 /* Leading space on " no " is deliberate, to make both
3185 possibilities the same length. */
3186 if (*s == '-') { use = " no "; ++s; }
3187 sv = newSVpvn(use,4);
3189 /* We allow -M'Module qw(Foo Bar)' */
3190 while(isALNUM(*s) || *s==':') ++s;
3192 sv_catpv(sv, start);
3193 if (*(start-1) == 'm') {
3195 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use '%c' after -mname", *s);
3196 sv_catpvs( sv, " ()");
3200 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Module name required with -%c option",
3202 sv_catpvn(sv, start, s-start);
3203 sv_catpvs(sv, " split(/,/,q");
3204 sv_catpvs(sv, "\0"); /* Use NUL as q//-delimiter. */
3206 sv_catpvs(sv, "\0)");
3210 PL_preambleav = newAV();
3211 av_push(PL_preambleav, sv);
3214 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Missing argument to -%c", *(s-1));
3225 forbid_setid('s', -1);
3226 PL_doswitches = TRUE;
3240 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3241 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Believe me, you don't want to use \"-u\" on a Macintosh");
3243 PL_do_undump = TRUE;
3251 if (!sv_derived_from(PL_patchlevel, "version"))
3252 upg_version(PL_patchlevel);
3254 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3255 Perl_form(aTHX_ "\nThis is perl, %"SVf
3256 #ifdef PERL_PATCHNUM
3257 " DEVEL" STRINGIFY(PERL_PATCHNUM)
3260 vstringify(PL_patchlevel),
3263 /* Adjust verbose output as in the perl that ships with the DG/UX OS from EMC */
3264 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3265 Perl_form(aTHX_ "\nThis is perl, %"SVf"\n",
3266 vstringify(PL_patchlevel)));
3267 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3268 Perl_form(aTHX_ " built under %s at %s %s\n",
3269 OSNAME, __DATE__, __TIME__));
3270 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3271 Perl_form(aTHX_ " OS Specific Release: %s\n",
3275 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
3276 if (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT > 0)
3277 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3278 "\n(with %d registered patch%s, "
3279 "see perl -V for more detail)",
3280 (int)LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT,
3281 (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT!=1) ? "es" : "");
3284 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3285 "\n\nCopyright 1987-2006, Larry Wall\n");
3286 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3287 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3288 "\nMac OS port Copyright 1991-2002, Matthias Neeracher;\n"
3289 "maintained by Chris Nandor\n");
3292 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3293 "\nMS-DOS port Copyright (c) 1989, 1990, Diomidis Spinellis\n");
3296 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3297 "djgpp v2 port (jpl5003c) by Hirofumi Watanabe, 1996\n"
3298 "djgpp v2 port (perl5004+) by Laszlo Molnar, 1997-1999\n");
3301 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3302 "\n\nOS/2 port Copyright (c) 1990, 1991, Raymond Chen, Kai Uwe Rommel\n"
3303 "Version 5 port Copyright (c) 1994-2002, Andreas Kaiser, Ilya Zakharevich\n");
3306 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3307 "atariST series port, ++jrb bammi@cadence.com\n");
3310 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3311 "BeOS port Copyright Tom Spindler, 1997-1999\n");
3314 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3315 "MPE/iX port Copyright by Mark Klein and Mark Bixby, 1996-2003\n");
3318 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3319 "MVS (OS390) port by Mortice Kern Systems, 1997-1999\n");
3322 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3323 "Stratus VOS port by Paul.Green@stratus.com, 1997-2002\n");
3326 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3327 "VM/ESA port by Neale Ferguson, 1998-1999\n");
3330 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3331 "BS2000 (POSIX) port by Start Amadeus GmbH, 1998-1999\n");
3334 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3335 "MiNT port by Guido Flohr, 1997-1999\n");
3338 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3339 "EPOC port by Olaf Flebbe, 1999-2002\n");
3342 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),"WINCE port by Rainer Keuchel, 2001-2002\n");
3343 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),"Built on " __DATE__ " " __TIME__ "\n\n");
3346 #ifdef __SYMBIAN32__
3347 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3348 "Symbian port by Nokia, 2004-2005\n");
3350 #ifdef BINARY_BUILD_NOTICE
3351 BINARY_BUILD_NOTICE;
3353 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3355 Perl may be copied only under the terms of either the Artistic License or the\n\
3356 GNU General Public License, which may be found in the Perl 5 source kit.\n\n\
3357 Complete documentation for Perl, including FAQ lists, should be found on\n\
3358 this system using \"man perl\" or \"perldoc perl\". If you have access to the\n\
3359 Internet, point your browser at http://www.perl.org/, the Perl Home Page.\n\n");
3362 if (! (PL_dowarn & G_WARN_ALL_MASK))
3363 PL_dowarn |= G_WARN_ON;
3367 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_ALL_ON|G_WARN_ON;
3368 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
3369 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
3370 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = pWARN_ALL ;
3374 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_ALL_OFF;
3375 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
3376 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
3377 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = pWARN_NONE ;
3382 if (s[1] == '-') /* Additional switches on #! line. */
3387 #if defined(WIN32) || !defined(PERL_STRICT_CR)
3393 #ifdef ALTERNATE_SHEBANG
3394 case 'S': /* OS/2 needs -S on "extproc" line. */
3402 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't emulate -%.1s on #! line",s);
3407 /* compliments of Tom Christiansen */
3409 /* unexec() can be found in the Gnu emacs distribution */
3410 /* Known to work with -DUNEXEC and using unexelf.c from GNU emacs-20.2 */
3413 Perl_my_unexec(pTHX)
3415 PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
3417 SV * prog = newSVpv(BIN_EXP, 0);
3418 SV * file = newSVpv(PL_origfilename, 0);
3422 sv_catpvs(prog, "/perl");
3423 sv_catpvs(file, ".perldump");
3425 unexec(SvPVX(file), SvPVX(prog), &etext, sbrk(0), 0);
3426 /* unexec prints msg to stderr in case of failure */
3427 PerlProc_exit(status);
3430 # include <lib$routines.h>
3431 lib$signal(SS$_DEBUG); /* ssdef.h #included from vmsish.h */
3432 # elif defined(WIN32) || defined(__CYGWIN__)
3433 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "dump is not supported");
3435 ABORT(); /* for use with undump */
3440 /* initialize curinterp */
3446 # define PERLVAR(var,type)
3447 # define PERLVARA(var,n,type)
3448 # if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
3449 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) aTHX->var = init;
3450 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) aTHX->var = init;
3452 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
3453 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
3455 # include "intrpvar.h"
3456 # include "thrdvar.h"
3462 # define PERLVAR(var,type)
3463 # define PERLVARA(var,n,type)
3464 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PL_##var = init;
3465 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PL_##var = init;
3466 # include "intrpvar.h"
3467 # include "thrdvar.h"
3477 S_init_main_stash(pTHX)
3482 PL_curstash = PL_defstash = newHV();
3483 /* We know that the string "main" will be in the global shared string
3484 table, so it's a small saving to use it rather than allocate another
3486 PL_curstname = newSVpvs_share("main");
3487 gv = gv_fetchpvs("main::", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVHV);
3488 /* If we hadn't caused another reference to "main" to be in the shared
3489 string table above, then it would be worth reordering these two,
3490 because otherwise all we do is delete "main" from it as a consequence
3491 of the SvREFCNT_dec, only to add it again with hv_name_set */
3492 SvREFCNT_dec(GvHV(gv));
3493 hv_name_set(PL_defstash, "main", 4, 0);
3494 GvHV(gv) = (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc_simple(PL_defstash);
3496 PL_incgv = gv_HVadd(gv_AVadd(gv_fetchpvs("INC", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL,
3498 SvREFCNT_inc_simple(PL_incgv); /* Don't allow it to be freed */
3499 GvMULTI_on(PL_incgv);
3500 PL_hintgv = gv_fetchpvs("\010", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV); /* ^H */
3501 GvMULTI_on(PL_hintgv);
3502 PL_defgv = gv_fetchpvs("_", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVAV);
3503 SvREFCNT_inc_simple(PL_defgv);
3504 PL_errgv = gv_HVadd(gv_fetchpvs("@", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV));
3505 SvREFCNT_inc_simple(PL_errgv);
3506 GvMULTI_on(PL_errgv);
3507 PL_replgv = gv_fetchpvs("\022", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV); /* ^R */
3508 GvMULTI_on(PL_replgv);
3509 (void)Perl_form(aTHX_ "%240s",""); /* Preallocate temp - for immediate signals. */
3510 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
3513 sv_grow(ERRSV, 240); /* Preallocate - for immediate signals. */
3514 sv_setpvn(ERRSV, "", 0);
3515 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
3516 CopSTASH_set(&PL_compiling, PL_defstash);
3517 PL_debstash = GvHV(gv_fetchpvs("DB::", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
3518 PL_globalstash = GvHV(gv_fetchpvs("CORE::GLOBAL::", GV_ADDMULTI,
3520 /* We must init $/ before switches are processed. */
3521 sv_setpvn(get_sv("/", TRUE), "\n", 1);
3525 S_open_script(pTHX_ const char *scriptname, bool dosearch, SV *sv,
3531 const char *cpp_discard_flag;
3540 PL_origfilename = savepvs("-e");
3543 /* if find_script() returns, it returns a malloc()-ed value */
3544 scriptname = PL_origfilename = find_script(scriptname, dosearch, NULL, 1);
3546 if (strnEQ(scriptname, "/dev/fd/", 8) && isDIGIT(scriptname[8]) ) {
3547 const char *s = scriptname + 8;
3553 * Tell apart "normal" usage of fdscript, e.g.
3554 * with bash on FreeBSD:
3555 * perl <( echo '#!perl -DA'; echo 'print "$0\n"')
3556 * from usage in suidperl.
3557 * Does any "normal" usage leave garbage after the number???
3558 * Is it a mistake to use a similar /dev/fd/ construct for
3563 * Be supersafe and do some sanity-checks.
3564 * Still, can we be sure we got the right thing?
3567 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Wrong syntax (suid) fd script name \"%s\"\n", s);
3570 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Missing (suid) fd script name\n");
3572 scriptname = savepv(s + 1);
3573 Safefree(PL_origfilename);
3574 PL_origfilename = (char *)scriptname;
3579 CopFILE_free(PL_curcop);
3580 CopFILE_set(PL_curcop, PL_origfilename);
3581 if (*PL_origfilename == '-' && PL_origfilename[1] == '\0')
3582 scriptname = (char *)"";
3583 if (fdscript >= 0) {
3584 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_fdopen(fdscript,PERL_SCRIPT_MODE);
3585 # if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3587 /* ensure close-on-exec */
3588 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,1);
3593 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "sperl needs fd script\n"
3594 "You should not call sperl directly; do you need to "
3595 "change a #! line\nfrom sperl to perl?\n");
3598 * Do not open (or do other fancy stuff) while setuid.
3599 * Perl does the open, and hands script to suidperl on a fd;
3600 * suidperl only does some checks, sets up UIDs and re-execs
3601 * perl with that fd as it has always done.
3604 if (*suidscript != 1) {
3605 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "suidperl needs (suid) fd script\n");
3608 else if (PL_preprocess) {
3609 const char * const cpp_cfg = CPPSTDIN;
3610 SV * const cpp = newSVpvs("");
3611 SV * const cmd = newSV(0);
3613 if (cpp_cfg[0] == 0) /* PERL_MICRO? */
3614 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't run with cpp -P with CPPSTDIN undefined");
3615 if (strEQ(cpp_cfg, "cppstdin"))
3616 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ cpp, "%s/", BIN_EXP);
3617 sv_catpv(cpp, cpp_cfg);
3620 sv_catpvs(sv, "-I");
3621 sv_catpv(sv,PRIVLIB_EXP);
3624 DEBUG_P(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3625 "PL_preprocess: scriptname=\"%s\", cpp=\"%s\", sv=\"%s\", CPPMINUS=\"%s\"\n",
3626 scriptname, SvPVX_const (cpp), SvPVX_const (sv),
3629 # if defined(MSDOS) || defined(WIN32) || defined(VMS)
3636 cpp_discard_flag = "";
3638 cpp_discard_flag = "-C";
3642 perl = os2_execname(aTHX);
3644 perl = PL_origargv[0];
3648 /* This strips off Perl comments which might interfere with
3649 the C pre-processor, including #!. #line directives are
3650 deliberately stripped to avoid confusion with Perl's version
3651 of #line. FWP played some golf with it so it will fit
3652 into VMS's 255 character buffer.
3655 code = "(1../^#!.*perl/i)|/^\\s*#(?!\\s*((ifn?|un)def|(el|end)?if|define|include|else|error|pragma)\\b)/||!($|=1)||print";
3657 code = "/^\\s*#(?!\\s*((ifn?|un)def|(el|end)?if|define|include|else|error|pragma)\\b)/||!($|=1)||print";
3659 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ cmd, "\
3660 %s -ne%s%s%s %s | %"SVf" %s %"SVf" %s",
3661 perl, quote, code, quote, scriptname, cpp,
3662 cpp_discard_flag, sv, CPPMINUS);
3664 PL_doextract = FALSE;
3666 DEBUG_P(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3667 "PL_preprocess: cmd=\"%s\"\n",
3670 PL_rsfp = PerlProc_popen((char *)SvPVX_const(cmd), (char *)"r");
3674 else if (!*scriptname) {
3675 forbid_setid(0, *suidscript);
3676 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_stdin();
3679 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_open(scriptname,PERL_SCRIPT_MODE);
3680 # if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3682 /* ensure close-on-exec */
3683 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,1);
3686 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3688 /* PSz 16 Sep 03 Keep neat error message */
3690 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't open "BIT_BUCKET": %s\n", Strerror(errno));
3692 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't open perl script \"%s\": %s\n",
3693 CopFILE(PL_curcop), Strerror(errno));
3699 * I_SYSSTATVFS HAS_FSTATVFS
3701 * I_STATFS HAS_FSTATFS HAS_GETFSSTAT
3702 * I_MNTENT HAS_GETMNTENT HAS_HASMNTOPT
3703 * here so that metaconfig picks them up. */
3707 S_fd_on_nosuid_fs(pTHX_ int fd)
3710 * We used to do this as "plain" user (after swapping UIDs with setreuid);
3711 * but is needed also on machines without setreuid.
3712 * Seems safe enough to run as root.
3714 int check_okay = 0; /* able to do all the required sys/libcalls */
3715 int on_nosuid = 0; /* the fd is on a nosuid fs */
3717 * Need to check noexec also: nosuid might not be set, the average
3718 * sysadmin would say that nosuid is irrelevant once he sets noexec.
3720 int on_noexec = 0; /* the fd is on a noexec fs */
3723 * Preferred order: fstatvfs(), fstatfs(), ustat()+getmnt(), getmntent().
3724 * fstatvfs() is UNIX98.
3725 * fstatfs() is 4.3 BSD.
3726 * ustat()+getmnt() is pre-4.3 BSD.
3727 * getmntent() is O(number-of-mounted-filesystems) and can hang on
3728 * an irrelevant filesystem while trying to reach the right one.
3731 #undef FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY /* found the syscalls to do the check? */
3733 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3734 defined(HAS_FSTATVFS)
3735 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3736 struct statvfs stfs;
3738 check_okay = fstatvfs(fd, &stfs) == 0;
3739 on_nosuid = check_okay && (stfs.f_flag & ST_NOSUID);
3741 /* ST_NOEXEC certainly absent on AIX 5.1, and doesn't seem to be documented
3742 on platforms where it is present. */
3743 on_noexec = check_okay && (stfs.f_flag & ST_NOEXEC);
3745 # endif /* fstatvfs */
3747 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3748 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID) && \
3749 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC) && \
3750 defined(HAS_FSTATFS) && \
3751 defined(HAS_STRUCT_STATFS) && \
3752 defined(HAS_STRUCT_STATFS_F_FLAGS)
3753 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3756 check_okay = fstatfs(fd, &stfs) == 0;
3757 on_nosuid = check_okay && (stfs.f_flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID);
3758 on_noexec = check_okay && (stfs.f_flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC);
3759 # endif /* fstatfs */
3761 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3762 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID) && \
3763 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC) && \
3764 defined(HAS_FSTAT) && \
3765 defined(HAS_USTAT) && \
3766 defined(HAS_GETMNT) && \
3767 defined(HAS_STRUCT_FS_DATA) && \
3769 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3772 if (fstat(fd, &fdst) == 0) {
3774 if (ustat(fdst.st_dev, &us) == 0) {
3776 /* NOSTAT_ONE here because we're not examining fields which
3777 * vary between that case and STAT_ONE. */
3778 if (getmnt((int*)0, &fsd, (int)0, NOSTAT_ONE, us.f_fname) == 0) {
3779 size_t cmplen = sizeof(us.f_fname);
3780 if (sizeof(fsd.fd_req.path) < cmplen)
3781 cmplen = sizeof(fsd.fd_req.path);
3782 if (strnEQ(fsd.fd_req.path, us.f_fname, cmplen) &&
3783 fdst.st_dev == fsd.fd_req.dev) {
3785 on_nosuid = fsd.fd_req.flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID;
3786 on_noexec = fsd.fd_req.flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC;
3791 # endif /* fstat+ustat+getmnt */
3793 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3794 defined(HAS_GETMNTENT) && \
3795 defined(HAS_HASMNTOPT) && \
3796 defined(MNTOPT_NOSUID) && \
3797 defined(MNTOPT_NOEXEC)
3798 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3799 FILE *mtab = fopen("/etc/mtab", "r");
3800 struct mntent *entry;
3803 if (mtab && (fstat(fd, &stb) == 0)) {
3804 while (entry = getmntent(mtab)) {
3805 if (stat(entry->mnt_dir, &fsb) == 0
3806 && fsb.st_dev == stb.st_dev)
3808 /* found the filesystem */
3810 if (hasmntopt(entry, MNTOPT_NOSUID))
3812 if (hasmntopt(entry, MNTOPT_NOEXEC))
3815 } /* A single fs may well fail its stat(). */
3820 # endif /* getmntent+hasmntopt */
3823 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't check filesystem of script \"%s\" for nosuid/noexec", PL_origfilename);
3825 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script \"%s\" on nosuid filesystem", PL_origfilename);
3827 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script \"%s\" on noexec filesystem", PL_origfilename);
3828 return ((!check_okay) || on_nosuid || on_noexec);
3830 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3833 S_validate_suid(pTHX_ const char *validarg, const char *scriptname,
3834 int fdscript, int suidscript)
3839 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3841 /* do we need to emulate setuid on scripts? */
3843 /* This code is for those BSD systems that have setuid #! scripts disabled
3844 * in the kernel because of a security problem. Merely defining DOSUID
3845 * in perl will not fix that problem, but if you have disabled setuid
3846 * scripts in the kernel, this will attempt to emulate setuid and setgid
3847 * on scripts that have those now-otherwise-useless bits set. The setuid
3848 * root version must be called suidperl or sperlN.NNN. If regular perl
3849 * discovers that it has opened a setuid script, it calls suidperl with
3850 * the same argv that it had. If suidperl finds that the script it has
3851 * just opened is NOT setuid root, it sets the effective uid back to the
3852 * uid. We don't just make perl setuid root because that loses the
3853 * effective uid we had before invoking perl, if it was different from the
3856 * Description/comments above do not match current workings:
3857 * suidperl must be hardlinked to sperlN.NNN (that is what we exec);
3858 * suidperl called with script open and name changed to /dev/fd/N/X;
3859 * suidperl croaks if script is not setuid;
3860 * making perl setuid would be a huge security risk (and yes, that
3861 * would lose any euid we might have had).
3863 * DOSUID must be defined in both perl and suidperl, and IAMSUID must
3864 * be defined in suidperl only. suidperl must be setuid root. The
3865 * Configure script will set this up for you if you want it.
3871 if (PerlLIO_fstat(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),&PL_statbuf) < 0) /* normal stat is insecure */
3872 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't stat script \"%s\"",PL_origfilename);
3873 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & (S_ISUID|S_ISGID)) {
3875 const char *linestr;
3879 if (fdscript < 0 || suidscript != 1)
3880 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Need (suid) fdscript in suidperl\n"); /* We already checked this */
3882 * Since the script is opened by perl, not suidperl, some of these
3883 * checks are superfluous. Leaving them in probably does not lower
3887 * Do checks even for systems with no HAS_SETREUID.
3888 * We used to swap, then re-swap UIDs with
3890 if (setreuid(PL_euid,PL_uid) < 0
3891 || PerlProc_getuid() != PL_euid || PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_uid)
3892 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't swap uid and euid");
3895 if (setreuid(PL_uid,PL_euid) < 0
3896 || PerlProc_getuid() != PL_uid || PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_euid)
3897 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't reswap uid and euid");
3901 /* On this access check to make sure the directories are readable,
3902 * there is actually a small window that the user could use to make
3903 * filename point to an accessible directory. So there is a faint
3904 * chance that someone could execute a setuid script down in a
3905 * non-accessible directory. I don't know what to do about that.
3906 * But I don't think it's too important. The manual lies when
3907 * it says access() is useful in setuid programs.
3909 * So, access() is pretty useless... but not harmful... do anyway.
3911 if (PerlLIO_access(CopFILE(PL_curcop),1)) { /*double check*/
3912 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't access() script\n");
3915 /* If we can swap euid and uid, then we can determine access rights
3916 * with a simple stat of the file, and then compare device and
3917 * inode to make sure we did stat() on the same file we opened.
3918 * Then we just have to make sure he or she can execute it.
3921 * As the script is opened by perl, not suidperl, we do not need to
3922 * care much about access rights.
3924 * The 'script changed' check is needed, or we can get lied to
3925 * about $0 with e.g.
3926 * suidperl /dev/fd/4//bin/x 4<setuidscript
3927 * Without HAS_SETREUID, is it safe to stat() as root?
3929 * Are there any operating systems that pass /dev/fd/xxx for setuid
3930 * scripts, as suggested/described in perlsec(1)? Surely they do not
3931 * pass the script name as we do, so the "script changed" test would
3932 * fail for them... but we never get here with
3933 * SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW defined.
3935 * This is one place where we must "lie" about return status: not
3936 * say if the stat() failed. We are doing this as root, and could
3937 * be tricked into reporting existence or not of files that the
3938 * "plain" user cannot even see.
3942 if (PerlLIO_stat(CopFILE(PL_curcop),&tmpstatbuf) < 0 ||
3943 tmpstatbuf.st_dev != PL_statbuf.st_dev ||
3944 tmpstatbuf.st_ino != PL_statbuf.st_ino) {
3945 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script changed\n");
3949 if (!cando(S_IXUSR,FALSE,&PL_statbuf)) /* can real uid exec? */
3950 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Real UID cannot exec script\n");
3953 * We used to do this check as the "plain" user (after swapping
3954 * UIDs). But the check for nosuid and noexec filesystem is needed,
3955 * and should be done even without HAS_SETREUID. (Maybe those
3956 * operating systems do not have such mount options anyway...)
3957 * Seems safe enough to do as root.
3959 #if !defined(NO_NOSUID_CHECK)
3960 if (fd_on_nosuid_fs(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp))) {
3961 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script on nosuid or noexec filesystem\n");
3964 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3966 if (!S_ISREG(PL_statbuf.st_mode)) {
3967 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script not plain file\n");
3969 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_IWOTH)
3970 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid/gid script is writable by world");
3971 PL_doswitches = FALSE; /* -s is insecure in suid */
3972 /* PSz 13 Nov 03 But -s was caught elsewhere ... so unsetting it here is useless(?!) */
3973 CopLINE_inc(PL_curcop);
3974 if (sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0) == NULL)
3975 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No #! line");
3976 linestr = SvPV_nolen_const(PL_linestr);
3977 /* required even on Sys V */
3978 if (!*linestr || !linestr[1] || strnNE(linestr,"#!",2))
3979 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No #! line");
3983 /* Sanity check on line length */
3984 s_end = s + strlen(s);
3985 if (s_end == s || (s_end - s) > 4000)
3986 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Very long #! line");
3987 /* Allow more than a single space after #! */
3988 while (isSPACE(*s)) s++;
3989 /* Sanity check on buffer end */
3990 while ((*s) && !isSPACE(*s)) s++;
3991 for (s2 = s; (s2 > linestr &&
3992 (isDIGIT(s2[-1]) || s2[-1] == '.' || s2[-1] == '_'
3993 || s2[-1] == '-')); s2--) ;
3994 /* Sanity check on buffer start */
3995 if ( (s2-4 < linestr || strnNE(s2-4,"perl",4)) &&
3996 (s-9 < linestr || strnNE(s-9,"perl",4)) )
3997 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Not a perl script");
3998 while (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t') s++;
4000 * #! arg must be what we saw above. They can invoke it by
4001 * mentioning suidperl explicitly, but they may not add any strange
4002 * arguments beyond what #! says if they do invoke suidperl that way.
4005 * The way validarg was set up, we rely on the kernel to start
4006 * scripts with argv[1] set to contain all #! line switches (the
4010 * Check that we got all the arguments listed in the #! line (not
4011 * just that there are no extraneous arguments). Might not matter
4012 * much, as switches from #! line seem to be acted upon (also), and
4013 * so may be checked and trapped in perl. But, security checks must
4014 * be done in suidperl and not deferred to perl. Note that suidperl
4015 * does not get around to parsing (and checking) the switches on
4016 * the #! line (but execs perl sooner).
4017 * Allow (require) a trailing newline (which may be of two
4018 * characters on some architectures?) (but no other trailing
4021 len = strlen(validarg);
4022 if (strEQ(validarg," PHOOEY ") ||
4023 strnNE(s,validarg,len) || !isSPACE(s[len]) ||
4024 !((s_end - s) == len+1
4025 || ((s_end - s) == len+2 && isSPACE(s[len+1]))))
4026 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Args must match #! line");
4030 PL_euid != PL_uid && (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID) &&
4031 PL_euid == PL_statbuf.st_uid)
4033 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "YOU HAVEN'T DISABLED SET-ID SCRIPTS IN THE KERNEL YET!\n\
4034 FIX YOUR KERNEL, OR PUT A C WRAPPER AROUND THIS SCRIPT!\n");
4035 #endif /* IAMSUID */
4038 PL_euid) { /* oops, we're not the setuid root perl */
4040 * When root runs a setuid script, we do not go through the same
4041 * steps of execing sperl and then perl with fd scripts, but
4042 * simply set up UIDs within the same perl invocation; so do
4043 * not have the same checks (on options, whatever) that we have
4044 * for plain users. No problem really: would have to be a script
4045 * that does not actually work for plain users; and if root is
4046 * foolish and can be persuaded to run such an unsafe script, he
4047 * might run also non-setuid ones, and deserves what he gets.
4049 * Or, we might drop the PL_euid check above (and rely just on
4050 * fdscript to avoid loops), and do the execs
4056 * Pass fd script to suidperl.
4057 * Exec suidperl, substituting fd script for scriptname.
4058 * Pass script name as "subdir" of fd, which perl will grok;
4059 * in fact will use that to distinguish this from "normal"
4060 * usage, see comments above.
4062 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
4063 PerlLIO_lseek(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),(Off_t)0,0); /* just in case rewind didn't */
4064 /* PSz 27 Feb 04 Sanity checks on scriptname */
4065 if ((!scriptname) || (!*scriptname) ) {
4066 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No setuid script name\n");
4068 if (*scriptname == '-') {
4069 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script name may not begin with dash\n");
4070 /* Or we might confuse it with an option when replacing
4071 * name in argument list, below (though we do pointer, not
4072 * string, comparisons).
4075 for (which = 1; PL_origargv[which] && PL_origargv[which] != scriptname; which++) ;
4076 if (!PL_origargv[which]) {
4077 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't change argv to have fd script\n");
4079 PL_origargv[which] = savepv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "/dev/fd/%d/%s",
4080 PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp), PL_origargv[which]));
4081 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
4082 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,0); /* ensure no close-on-exec */
4085 PerlProc_execv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s/sperl"PERL_FS_VER_FMT, BIN_EXP,
4086 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
4087 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION), PL_origargv);
4089 #endif /* IAMSUID */
4090 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setuid (cannot exec sperl)\n");
4093 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISGID && PL_statbuf.st_gid != PL_egid) {
4095 * This seems back to front: we try HAS_SETEGID first; if not available
4096 * then try HAS_SETREGID; as a last chance we try HAS_SETRESGID. May be OK
4097 * in the sense that we only want to set EGID; but are there any machines
4098 * with either of the latter, but not the former? Same with UID, later.
4101 (void)setegid(PL_statbuf.st_gid);
4104 (void)setregid((Gid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_gid);
4106 #ifdef HAS_SETRESGID
4107 (void)setresgid((Gid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_gid,(Gid_t)-1);
4109 PerlProc_setgid(PL_statbuf.st_gid);
4113 if (PerlProc_getegid() != PL_statbuf.st_gid)
4114 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setegid!\n");
4116 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID) {
4117 if (PL_statbuf.st_uid != PL_euid)
4119 (void)seteuid(PL_statbuf.st_uid); /* all that for this */
4122 (void)setreuid((Uid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_uid);
4124 #ifdef HAS_SETRESUID
4125 (void)setresuid((Uid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_uid,(Uid_t)-1);
4127 PerlProc_setuid(PL_statbuf.st_uid);
4131 if (PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_statbuf.st_uid)
4132 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do seteuid!\n");
4134 else if (PL_uid) { /* oops, mustn't run as root */
4136 (void)seteuid((Uid_t)PL_uid);
4139 (void)setreuid((Uid_t)-1,(Uid_t)PL_uid);
4141 #ifdef HAS_SETRESUID
4142 (void)setresuid((Uid_t)-1,(Uid_t)PL_uid,(Uid_t)-1);
4144 PerlProc_setuid((Uid_t)PL_uid);
4148 if (PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_uid)
4149 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do seteuid!\n");
4152 if (!cando(S_IXUSR,TRUE,&PL_statbuf))
4153 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Effective UID cannot exec script\n"); /* they can't do this */
4156 else if (PL_preprocess) /* PSz 13 Nov 03 Caught elsewhere, useless(?!) here */
4157 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "-P not allowed for setuid/setgid script\n");
4158 else if (fdscript < 0 || suidscript != 1)
4159 /* PSz 13 Nov 03 Caught elsewhere, useless(?!) here */
4160 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "(suid) fdscript needed in suidperl\n");
4162 /* PSz 16 Sep 03 Keep neat error message */
4163 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Script is not setuid/setgid in suidperl\n");
4166 /* We absolutely must clear out any saved ids here, so we */
4167 /* exec the real perl, substituting fd script for scriptname. */
4168 /* (We pass script name as "subdir" of fd, which perl will grok.) */
4170 * It might be thought that using setresgid and/or setresuid (changed to
4171 * set the saved IDs) above might obviate the need to exec, and we could
4172 * go on to "do the perl thing".
4174 * Is there such a thing as "saved GID", and is that set for setuid (but
4175 * not setgid) execution like suidperl? Without exec, it would not be
4176 * cleared for setuid (but not setgid) scripts (or might need a dummy
4179 * We need suidperl to do the exact same argument checking that perl
4180 * does. Thus it cannot be very small; while it could be significantly
4181 * smaller, it is safer (simpler?) to make it essentially the same
4182 * binary as perl (but they are not identical). - Maybe could defer that
4183 * check to the invoked perl, and suidperl be a tiny wrapper instead;
4184 * but prefer to do thorough checks in suidperl itself. Such deferral
4185 * would make suidperl security rely on perl, a design no-no.
4187 * Setuid things should be short and simple, thus easy to understand and
4188 * verify. They should do their "own thing", without influence by
4189 * attackers. It may help if their internal execution flow is fixed,
4190 * regardless of platform: it may be best to exec anyway.
4192 * Suidperl should at least be conceptually simple: a wrapper only,
4193 * never to do any real perl. Maybe we should put
4195 * Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Suidperl should never do real perl\n");
4197 * into the perly bits.
4199 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
4200 PerlLIO_lseek(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),(Off_t)0,0); /* just in case rewind didn't */
4202 * Keep original arguments: suidperl already has fd script.
4204 /* for (which = 1; PL_origargv[which] && PL_origargv[which] != scriptname; which++) ; */
4205 /* if (!PL_origargv[which]) { */
4206 /* errno = EPERM; */
4207 /* Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Permission denied\n"); */
4209 /* PL_origargv[which] = savepv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "/dev/fd/%d/%s", */
4210 /* PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp), PL_origargv[which])); */
4211 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
4212 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,0); /* ensure no close-on-exec */
4215 PerlProc_execv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s/perl"PERL_FS_VER_FMT, BIN_EXP,
4216 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
4217 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION), PL_origargv);/* try again */
4219 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setuid (suidperl cannot exec perl)\n");
4220 #endif /* IAMSUID */
4222 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(fdscript);
4223 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(suidscript);
4224 if (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid) { /* (suidperl doesn't exist, in fact) */
4225 #ifndef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
4226 PerlLIO_fstat(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),&PL_statbuf); /* may be either wrapped or real suid */
4227 if ((PL_euid != PL_uid && PL_euid == PL_statbuf.st_uid && PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID)
4229 (PL_egid != PL_gid && PL_egid == PL_statbuf.st_gid && PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISGID)
4232 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "YOU HAVEN'T DISABLED SET-ID SCRIPTS IN THE KERNEL YET!\n\
4233 FIX YOUR KERNEL, PUT A C WRAPPER AROUND THIS SCRIPT, OR USE -u AND UNDUMP!\n");
4234 #endif /* SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW */
4235 /* not set-id, must be wrapped */
4238 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(validarg);
4239 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(scriptname);
4243 S_find_beginning(pTHX)
4247 register const char *s2;
4248 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4252 /* skip forward in input to the real script? */
4254 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4255 /* Since the Mac OS does not honor #! arguments for us, we do it ourselves */
4257 while (PL_doextract || gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
4258 if ((s = sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0)) == NULL) {
4259 if (!gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract)
4260 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No Perl script found in input\n");
4262 if (PL_doextract) /* require explicit override ? */
4263 if (!OverrideExtract(PL_origfilename))
4264 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "User aborted script\n");
4266 PL_doextract = FALSE;
4268 /* Pater peccavi, file does not have #! */
4269 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
4274 while (PL_doextract) {
4275 if ((s = sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0)) == NULL)
4276 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No Perl script found in input\n");
4279 if (*s == '#' && s[1] == '!' && ((s = instr(s,"perl")) || (s = instr(s2,"PERL")))) {
4280 PerlIO_ungetc(PL_rsfp, '\n'); /* to keep line count right */
4281 PL_doextract = FALSE;
4282 while (*s && !(isSPACE (*s) || *s == '#')) s++;
4284 while (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t') s++;
4286 while (isDIGIT(s2[-1]) || s2[-1] == '-' || s2[-1] == '.'
4287 || s2[-1] == '_') s2--;
4288 if (strnEQ(s2-4,"perl",4))
4289 while ((s = moreswitches(s)))
4292 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4293 /* We are always searching for the #!perl line in MacPerl,
4294 * so if we find it, still keep the line count correct
4295 * by counting lines we already skipped over
4297 for (; maclines > 0 ; maclines--)
4298 PerlIO_ungetc(PL_rsfp, '\n');
4302 /* gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract is false in MPW tool */
4303 } else if (gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
4315 PL_uid = PerlProc_getuid();
4316 PL_euid = PerlProc_geteuid();
4317 PL_gid = PerlProc_getgid();
4318 PL_egid = PerlProc_getegid();
4320 PL_uid |= PL_gid << 16;
4321 PL_euid |= PL_egid << 16;
4323 /* Should not happen: */
4324 CHECK_MALLOC_TAINT(PL_uid && (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid));
4325 PL_tainting |= (PL_uid && (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid));
4328 * Should go by suidscript, not uid!=euid: why disallow
4329 * system("ls") in scripts run from setuid things?
4330 * Or, is this run before we check arguments and set suidscript?
4331 * What about SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW: could we use fdscript then?
4332 * (We never have suidscript, can we be sure to have fdscript?)
4333 * Or must then go by UID checks? See comments in forbid_setid also.
4337 /* This is used very early in the lifetime of the program,
4338 * before even the options are parsed, so PL_tainting has
4339 * not been initialized properly. */
4341 Perl_doing_taint(int argc, char *argv[], char *envp[])
4343 #ifndef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
4344 /* If we have PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS we can't call getuid() et alia
4345 * before we have an interpreter-- and the whole point of this
4346 * function is to be called at such an early stage. If you are on
4347 * a system with PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS but you do have a concept of
4348 * "tainted because running with altered effective ids', you'll
4349 * have to add your own checks somewhere in here. The two most
4350 * known samples of 'implicitness' are Win32 and NetWare, neither
4351 * of which has much of concept of 'uids'. */
4352 int uid = PerlProc_getuid();
4353 int euid = PerlProc_geteuid();
4354 int gid = PerlProc_getgid();
4355 int egid = PerlProc_getegid();
4362 if (uid && (euid != uid || egid != gid))
4364 #endif /* !PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS */
4365 /* This is a really primitive check; environment gets ignored only
4366 * if -T are the first chars together; otherwise one gets
4367 * "Too late" message. */
4368 if ( argc > 1 && argv[1][0] == '-'
4369 && (argv[1][1] == 't' || argv[1][1] == 'T') )
4374 /* Passing the flag as a single char rather than a string is a slight space
4375 optimisation. The only message that isn't /^-.$/ is
4376 "program input from stdin", which is substituted in place of '\0', which
4377 could never be a command line flag. */
4379 S_forbid_setid(pTHX_ const char flag, const int suidscript)
4382 char string[3] = "-x";
4383 const char *message = "program input from stdin";
4390 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
4391 if (PL_euid != PL_uid)
4392 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed while running setuid", message);
4393 if (PL_egid != PL_gid)
4394 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed while running setgid", message);
4395 #endif /* SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW */
4397 * Checks for UID/GID above "wrong": why disallow
4398 * perl -e 'print "Hello\n"'
4399 * from within setuid things?? Simply drop them: replaced by
4400 * fdscript/suidscript and #ifdef IAMSUID checks below.
4402 * This may be too late for command-line switches. Will catch those on
4403 * the #! line, after finding the script name and setting up
4404 * fdscript/suidscript. Note that suidperl does not get around to
4405 * parsing (and checking) the switches on the #! line, but checks that
4406 * the two sets are identical.
4408 * With SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW, could we use fdscript, also or
4409 * instead, or would that be "too late"? (We never have suidscript, can
4410 * we be sure to have fdscript?)
4412 * Catch things with suidscript (in descendant of suidperl), even with
4413 * right UID/GID. Was already checked in suidperl, with #ifdef IAMSUID,
4414 * below; but I am paranoid.
4416 * Also see comments about root running a setuid script, elsewhere.
4418 if (suidscript >= 0)
4419 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed with (suid) fdscript", message);
4421 /* PSz 11 Nov 03 Catch it in suidperl, always! */
4422 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed in suidperl", message);
4423 #endif /* IAMSUID */
4427 Perl_init_debugger(pTHX)
4430 HV * const ostash = PL_curstash;
4432 PL_curstash = PL_debstash;
4433 PL_dbargs = GvAV(gv_AVadd((gv_fetchpvs("DB::args", GV_ADDMULTI,
4435 AvREAL_off(PL_dbargs);
4436 PL_DBgv = gv_fetchpvs("DB::DB", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVGV);
4437 PL_DBline = gv_fetchpvs("DB::dbline", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVAV);
4438 PL_DBsub = gv_HVadd(gv_fetchpvs("DB::sub", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
4439 PL_DBsingle = GvSV((gv_fetchpvs("DB::single", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
4440 sv_setiv(PL_DBsingle, 0);
4441 PL_DBtrace = GvSV((gv_fetchpvs("DB::trace", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
4442 sv_setiv(PL_DBtrace, 0);
4443 PL_DBsignal = GvSV((gv_fetchpvs("DB::signal", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
4444 sv_setiv(PL_DBsignal, 0);
4445 PL_DBassertion = GvSV((gv_fetchpvs("DB::assertion", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
4446 sv_setiv(PL_DBassertion, 0);
4447 PL_curstash = ostash;
4450 #ifndef STRESS_REALLOC
4451 #define REASONABLE(size) (size)
4453 #define REASONABLE(size) (1) /* unreasonable */
4457 Perl_init_stacks(pTHX)
4460 /* start with 128-item stack and 8K cxstack */
4461 PL_curstackinfo = new_stackinfo(REASONABLE(128),
4462 REASONABLE(8192/sizeof(PERL_CONTEXT) - 1));
4463 PL_curstackinfo->si_type = PERLSI_MAIN;
4464 PL_curstack = PL_curstackinfo->si_stack;
4465 PL_mainstack = PL_curstack; /* remember in case we switch stacks */
4467 PL_stack_base = AvARRAY(PL_curstack);
4468 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base;
4469 PL_stack_max = PL_stack_base + AvMAX(PL_curstack);
4471 Newx(PL_tmps_stack,REASONABLE(128),SV*);
4474 PL_tmps_max = REASONABLE(128);
4476 Newx(PL_markstack,REASONABLE(32),I32);
4477 PL_markstack_ptr = PL_markstack;
4478 PL_markstack_max = PL_markstack + REASONABLE(32);
4482 Newx(PL_scopestack,REASONABLE(32),I32);
4483 PL_scopestack_ix = 0;
4484 PL_scopestack_max = REASONABLE(32);
4486 Newx(PL_savestack,REASONABLE(128),ANY);
4487 PL_savestack_ix = 0;
4488 PL_savestack_max = REASONABLE(128);
4497 while (PL_curstackinfo->si_next)
4498 PL_curstackinfo = PL_curstackinfo->si_next;
4499 while (PL_curstackinfo) {
4500 PERL_SI *p = PL_curstackinfo->si_prev;
4501 /* curstackinfo->si_stack got nuked by sv_free_arenas() */
4502 Safefree(PL_curstackinfo->si_cxstack);
4503 Safefree(PL_curstackinfo);
4504 PL_curstackinfo = p;
4506 Safefree(PL_tmps_stack);
4507 Safefree(PL_markstack);
4508 Safefree(PL_scopestack);
4509 Safefree(PL_savestack);
4519 lex_start(PL_linestr);
4521 PL_subname = newSVpvs("main");
4525 S_init_predump_symbols(pTHX)
4531 sv_setpvn(get_sv("\"", TRUE), " ", 1);
4532 PL_stdingv = gv_fetchpvs("STDIN", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVIO);
4533 GvMULTI_on(PL_stdingv);
4534 io = GvIOp(PL_stdingv);
4535 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_RDONLY;
4536 IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stdin();
4537 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvs("stdin", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV);
4539 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc_simple(io);
4541 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvs("STDOUT", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVIO);
4544 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_WRONLY;
4545 IoOFP(io) = IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stdout();
4547 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvs("stdout", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV);
4549 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc_simple(io);
4551 PL_stderrgv = gv_fetchpvs("STDERR", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVIO);
4552 GvMULTI_on(PL_stderrgv);
4553 io = GvIOp(PL_stderrgv);
4554 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_WRONLY;
4555 IoOFP(io) = IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stderr();
4556 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvs("stderr", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV);
4558 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc_simple(io);
4560 PL_statname = newSV(0); /* last filename we did stat on */
4562 Safefree(PL_osname);
4563 PL_osname = savepv(OSNAME);
4567 Perl_init_argv_symbols(pTHX_ register int argc, register char **argv)
4570 argc--,argv++; /* skip name of script */
4571 if (PL_doswitches) {
4572 for (; argc > 0 && **argv == '-'; argc--,argv++) {
4576 if (argv[0][1] == '-' && !argv[0][2]) {
4580 if ((s = strchr(argv[0], '='))) {
4581 const char *const start_name = argv[0] + 1;
4582 sv_setpv(GvSV(gv_fetchpvn_flags(start_name, s - start_name,
4583 TRUE, SVt_PV)), s + 1);
4586 sv_setiv(GvSV(gv_fetchpv(argv[0]+1, GV_ADD, SVt_PV)),1);
4589 if ((PL_argvgv = gv_fetchpvs("ARGV", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVAV))) {
4590 GvMULTI_on(PL_argvgv);
4591 (void)gv_AVadd(PL_argvgv);
4592 av_clear(GvAVn(PL_argvgv));
4593 for (; argc > 0; argc--,argv++) {
4594 SV * const sv = newSVpv(argv[0],0);
4595 av_push(GvAVn(PL_argvgv),sv);
4596 if (!(PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_LOCALE_FLAG) || PL_utf8locale) {
4597 if (PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_ARGV_FLAG)
4600 if (PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_WIDESYSCALLS_FLAG) /* Sarathy? */
4601 (void)sv_utf8_decode(sv);
4607 S_init_postdump_symbols(pTHX_ register int argc, register char **argv, register char **env)
4612 PL_toptarget = newSV(0);
4613 sv_upgrade(PL_toptarget, SVt_PVFM);
4614 sv_setpvn(PL_toptarget, "", 0);
4615 PL_bodytarget = newSV(0);
4616 sv_upgrade(PL_bodytarget, SVt_PVFM);
4617 sv_setpvn(PL_bodytarget, "", 0);
4618 PL_formtarget = PL_bodytarget;
4622 init_argv_symbols(argc,argv);
4624 if ((tmpgv = gv_fetchpvs("0", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV))) {
4625 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4626 /* $0 is not majick on a Mac */
4627 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv),MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
4629 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv),PL_origfilename);
4630 magicname("0", "0", 1);
4633 if ((PL_envgv = gv_fetchpvs("ENV", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVHV))) {
4635 GvMULTI_on(PL_envgv);
4636 hv = GvHVn(PL_envgv);
4637 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_env);
4639 #ifdef USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY
4640 /* Note that if the supplied env parameter is actually a copy
4641 of the global environ then it may now point to free'd memory
4642 if the environment has been modified since. To avoid this
4643 problem we treat env==NULL as meaning 'use the default'
4648 # ifdef USE_ITHREADS
4649 && PL_curinterp == aTHX
4656 char** origenv = environ;
4659 for (; *env; env++) {
4660 if (!(s = strchr(*env,'=')) || s == *env)
4662 #if defined(MSDOS) && !defined(DJGPP)
4667 sv = newSVpv(s+1, 0);
4668 (void)hv_store(hv, *env, s - *env, sv, 0);
4671 if (origenv != environ) {
4672 /* realloc has shifted us */
4673 env = (env - origenv) + environ;
4678 #endif /* USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY */
4679 #endif /* !PERL_MICRO */
4682 if ((tmpgv = gv_fetchpvs("$", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV))) {
4683 SvREADONLY_off(GvSV(tmpgv));
4684 sv_setiv(GvSV(tmpgv), (IV)PerlProc_getpid());
4685 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(tmpgv));
4687 #ifdef THREADS_HAVE_PIDS
4688 PL_ppid = (IV)getppid();
4691 /* touch @F array to prevent spurious warnings 20020415 MJD */
4693 (void) get_av("main::F", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4695 /* touch @- and @+ arrays to prevent spurious warnings 20020415 MJD */
4696 (void) get_av("main::-", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4697 (void) get_av("main::+", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4701 S_init_perllib(pTHX)
4707 s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL5LIB");
4709 * It isn't possible to delete an environment variable with
4710 * PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV set unless unsetenv() is also available, so in that
4711 * case we treat PERL5LIB as undefined if it has a zero-length value.
4713 #if defined(PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV) && ! defined(HAS_UNSETENV)
4714 if (s && *s != '\0')
4718 incpush(s, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE);
4720 incpush(PerlEnv_getenv("PERLLIB"), FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4722 /* Treat PERL5?LIB as a possible search list logical name -- the
4723 * "natural" VMS idiom for a Unix path string. We allow each
4724 * element to be a set of |-separated directories for compatibility.
4728 if (my_trnlnm("PERL5LIB",buf,0))
4729 do { incpush(buf,TRUE,TRUE,TRUE,FALSE); } while (my_trnlnm("PERL5LIB",buf,++idx));
4731 while (my_trnlnm("PERLLIB",buf,idx++)) incpush(buf,FALSE,FALSE,TRUE,FALSE);
4735 /* Use the ~-expanded versions of APPLLIB (undocumented),
4736 ARCHLIB PRIVLIB SITEARCH SITELIB VENDORARCH and VENDORLIB
4739 incpush(APPLLIB_EXP, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4743 incpush(ARCHLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4745 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4748 SV * privdir = newSV(0);
4749 char * macperl = PerlEnv_getenv("MACPERL");
4754 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ privdir, "%slib:", macperl);
4755 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(privdir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 && S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode))
4756 incpush(SvPVX(privdir), TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4757 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ privdir, "%ssite_perl:", macperl);
4758 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(privdir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 && S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode))
4759 incpush(SvPVX(privdir), TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4761 SvREFCNT_dec(privdir);
4764 incpush(":", FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4767 # define PRIVLIB_EXP "/usr/local/lib/perl5:/usr/local/lib/perl"
4770 incpush(PRIVLIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4772 incpush(PRIVLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4776 /* sitearch is always relative to sitelib on Windows for
4777 * DLL-based path intuition to work correctly */
4778 # if !defined(WIN32)
4779 incpush(SITEARCH_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4785 /* this picks up sitearch as well */
4786 incpush(SITELIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4788 incpush(SITELIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4792 #if defined(SITELIB_STEM) && defined(PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST)
4793 /* Search for version-specific dirs below here */
4794 incpush(SITELIB_STEM, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4797 #ifdef PERL_VENDORARCH_EXP
4798 /* vendorarch is always relative to vendorlib on Windows for
4799 * DLL-based path intuition to work correctly */
4800 # if !defined(WIN32)
4801 incpush(PERL_VENDORARCH_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4805 #ifdef PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP
4807 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE); /* this picks up vendorarch as well */
4809 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4813 #ifdef PERL_VENDORLIB_STEM /* Search for version-specific dirs below here */
4814 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_STEM, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4817 #ifdef PERL_OTHERLIBDIRS
4818 incpush(PERL_OTHERLIBDIRS, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4822 incpush(".", FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4823 #endif /* MACOS_TRADITIONAL */
4826 #if defined(DOSISH) || defined(EPOC) || defined(__SYMBIAN32__)
4827 # define PERLLIB_SEP ';'
4830 # define PERLLIB_SEP '|'
4832 # if defined(MACOS_TRADITIONAL)
4833 # define PERLLIB_SEP ','
4835 # define PERLLIB_SEP ':'
4839 #ifndef PERLLIB_MANGLE
4840 # define PERLLIB_MANGLE(s,n) (s)
4843 /* Push a directory onto @INC if it exists.
4844 Generate a new SV if we do this, to save needing to copy the SV we push
4847 S_incpush_if_exists(pTHX_ SV *dir)
4851 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX_const(dir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 &&
4852 S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode)) {
4853 av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), dir);
4860 S_incpush(pTHX_ const char *dir, bool addsubdirs, bool addoldvers, bool usesep,
4865 const char *p = dir;
4870 if (addsubdirs || addoldvers) {
4874 /* Break at all separators */
4876 SV *libdir = newSV(0);
4879 /* skip any consecutive separators */
4881 while ( *p == PERLLIB_SEP ) {
4882 /* Uncomment the next line for PATH semantics */
4883 /* av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), newSVpvs(".")); */
4888 if ( usesep && (s = strchr(p, PERLLIB_SEP)) != NULL ) {
4889 sv_setpvn(libdir, PERLLIB_MANGLE(p, (STRLEN)(s - p)),
4894 sv_setpv(libdir, PERLLIB_MANGLE(p, 0));
4895 p = NULL; /* break out */
4897 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4898 if (!strchr(SvPVX(libdir), ':')) {
4901 sv_setpv(libdir, MacPerl_CanonDir(SvPVX(libdir), buf, 0));
4903 if (SvPVX(libdir)[SvCUR(libdir)-1] != ':')
4904 sv_catpvs(libdir, ":");
4907 /* Do the if() outside the #ifdef to avoid warnings about an unused
4910 #ifdef PERL_RELOCATABLE_INC
4912 * Relocatable include entries are marked with a leading .../
4915 * 0: Remove that leading ".../"
4916 * 1: Remove trailing executable name (anything after the last '/')
4917 * from the perl path to give a perl prefix
4919 * While the @INC element starts "../" and the prefix ends with a real
4920 * directory (ie not . or ..) chop that real directory off the prefix
4921 * and the leading "../" from the @INC element. ie a logical "../"
4923 * Finally concatenate the prefix and the remainder of the @INC element
4924 * The intent is that /usr/local/bin/perl and .../../lib/perl5
4925 * generates /usr/local/lib/perl5
4927 const char *libpath = SvPVX(libdir);
4928 STRLEN libpath_len = SvCUR(libdir);
4929 if (libpath_len >= 4 && memEQ (libpath, ".../", 4)) {
4931 SV * const caret_X = get_sv("\030", 0);
4932 /* Going to use the SV just as a scratch buffer holding a C
4938 /* $^X is *the* source of taint if tainting is on, hence
4939 SvPOK() won't be true. */
4941 assert(SvPOKp(caret_X));
4942 prefix_sv = newSVpvn(SvPVX(caret_X), SvCUR(caret_X));
4943 /* Firstly take off the leading .../
4944 If all else fail we'll do the paths relative to the current
4946 sv_chop(libdir, libpath + 4);
4947 /* Don't use SvPV as we're intentionally bypassing taining,
4948 mortal copies that the mg_get of tainting creates, and
4949 corruption that seems to come via the save stack.
4950 I guess that the save stack isn't correctly set up yet. */
4951 libpath = SvPVX(libdir);
4952 libpath_len = SvCUR(libdir);
4954 /* This would work more efficiently with memrchr, but as it's
4955 only a GNU extension we'd need to probe for it and
4956 implement our own. Not hard, but maybe not worth it? */
4958 prefix = SvPVX(prefix_sv);
4959 lastslash = strrchr(prefix, '/');
4961 /* First time in with the *lastslash = '\0' we just wipe off
4962 the trailing /perl from (say) /usr/foo/bin/perl
4966 while ((*lastslash = '\0'), /* Do that, come what may. */
4967 (libpath_len >= 3 && memEQ(libpath, "../", 3)
4968 && (lastslash = strrchr(prefix, '/')))) {
4969 if (lastslash[1] == '\0'
4970 || (lastslash[1] == '.'
4971 && (lastslash[2] == '/' /* ends "/." */
4972 || (lastslash[2] == '/'
4973 && lastslash[3] == '/' /* or "/.." */
4975 /* Prefix ends "/" or "/." or "/..", any of which
4976 are fishy, so don't do any more logical cleanup.
4980 /* Remove leading "../" from path */
4983 /* Next iteration round the loop removes the last
4984 directory name from prefix by writing a '\0' in
4985 the while clause. */
4987 /* prefix has been terminated with a '\0' to the correct
4988 length. libpath points somewhere into the libdir SV.
4989 We need to join the 2 with '/' and drop the result into
4991 tempsv = Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "%s/%s", prefix, libpath);
4992 SvREFCNT_dec(libdir);
4993 /* And this is the new libdir. */
4996 (PL_uid != PL_euid || PL_gid != PL_egid)) {
4997 /* Need to taint reloccated paths if running set ID */
4998 SvTAINTED_on(libdir);
5001 SvREFCNT_dec(prefix_sv);
5006 * BEFORE pushing libdir onto @INC we may first push version- and
5007 * archname-specific sub-directories.
5009 if (addsubdirs || addoldvers) {
5010 #ifdef PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST
5011 /* Configure terminates PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST with a NULL */
5012 const char * const incverlist[] = { PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST };
5013 const char * const *incver;
5019 if ((unix = tounixspec_ts(SvPV(libdir,len),NULL)) != NULL) {
5021 while (unix[len-1] == '/') len--; /* Cosmetic */
5022 sv_usepvn(libdir,unix,len);
5025 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log,
5026 "Failed to unixify @INC element \"%s\"\n",
5030 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
5031 #define PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT ""
5032 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT "%s:"
5033 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_FS_VER_FMT PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT
5035 #define PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT "/"
5036 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT "/%s"
5037 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT PERL_FS_VER_FMT
5039 /* .../version/archname if -d .../version/archname */
5040 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_ARCH_FMT,
5042 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
5043 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION, ARCHNAME);
5044 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
5046 /* .../version if -d .../version */
5047 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH, libdir,
5048 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
5049 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION);
5050 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
5052 /* .../archname if -d .../archname */
5053 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT, libdir, ARCHNAME);
5054 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
5058 #ifdef PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST
5060 for (incver = incverlist; *incver; incver++) {
5061 /* .../xxx if -d .../xxx */
5062 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT, libdir, *incver);
5063 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
5069 /* finally push this lib directory on the end of @INC */
5070 av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), libdir);
5073 assert (SvREFCNT(subdir) == 1);
5074 SvREFCNT_dec(subdir);
5080 Perl_call_list(pTHX_ I32 oldscope, AV *paramList)
5084 const line_t oldline = CopLINE(PL_curcop);
5090 while (av_len(paramList) >= 0) {
5091 cv = (CV*)av_shift(paramList);
5093 if (paramList == PL_beginav) {
5094 /* save PL_beginav for compiler */
5095 if (! PL_beginav_save)
5096 PL_beginav_save = newAV();
5097 av_push(PL_beginav_save, (SV*)cv);
5099 else if (paramList == PL_checkav) {
5100 /* save PL_checkav for compiler */
5101 if (! PL_checkav_save)
5102 PL_checkav_save = newAV();
5103 av_push(PL_checkav_save, (SV*)cv);
5114 PL_madskills |= 16384;
5119 PL_madskills &= ~16384;
5122 (void)SvPV_const(atsv, len);
5123 if (PL_madskills && PL_minus_c && paramList == PL_beginav)
5124 break; /* not really trying to run, so just wing it */
5126 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
5127 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
5128 if (paramList == PL_beginav)
5129 sv_catpvs(atsv, "BEGIN failed--compilation aborted");
5131 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ atsv,
5132 "%s failed--call queue aborted",
5133 paramList == PL_checkav ? "CHECK"
5134 : paramList == PL_initav ? "INIT"
5136 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
5139 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%"SVf"", atsv);
5146 /* my_exit() was called */
5147 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
5150 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
5151 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
5152 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
5154 if (PL_madskills && PL_minus_c && paramList == PL_beginav)
5155 return; /* not really trying to run, so just wing it */
5156 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED)) {
5157 if (paramList == PL_beginav)
5158 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "BEGIN failed--compilation aborted");
5160 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s failed--call queue aborted",
5161 paramList == PL_checkav ? "CHECK"
5162 : paramList == PL_initav ? "INIT"
5169 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
5170 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
5173 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: restartop\n");
5182 S_call_list_body(pTHX_ CV *cv)
5185 PUSHMARK(PL_stack_sp);
5186 call_sv((SV*)cv, G_EVAL|G_DISCARD);
5191 Perl_my_exit(pTHX_ U32 status)
5194 DEBUG_S(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "my_exit: thread %p, status %lu\n",
5195 thr, (unsigned long) status));
5204 STATUS_EXIT_SET(status);
5211 Perl_my_failure_exit(pTHX)
5215 /* We have been called to fall on our sword. The desired exit code
5216 * should be already set in STATUS_UNIX, but could be shifted over
5217 * by 8 bits. STATUS_UNIX_EXIT_SET will handle the cases where a
5220 * If an error code has not been set, then force the issue.
5222 if (MY_POSIX_EXIT) {
5224 /* In POSIX_EXIT mode follow Perl documentations and use 255 for
5225 * the exit code when there isn't an error.
5228 if (STATUS_UNIX == 0)
5229 STATUS_UNIX_EXIT_SET(255);
5231 STATUS_UNIX_EXIT_SET(STATUS_UNIX);
5233 /* The exit code could have been set by $? or vmsish which
5234 * means that it may not be fatal. So convert
5235 * success/warning codes to fatal.
5237 if ((STATUS_NATIVE & (STS$K_SEVERE|STS$K_ERROR)) == 0)
5238 STATUS_UNIX_EXIT_SET(255);
5242 /* Traditionally Perl on VMS always expects a Fatal Error. */
5243 if (vaxc$errno & 1) {
5245 /* So force success status to failure */
5246 if (STATUS_NATIVE & 1)
5251 STATUS_UNIX = EINTR; /* In case something cares */
5256 STATUS_NATIVE = vaxc$errno; /* Should already be this */
5258 /* Encode the severity code */
5259 severity = STATUS_NATIVE & STS$M_SEVERITY;
5260 STATUS_UNIX = (severity ? severity : 1) << 8;
5262 /* Perl expects this to be a fatal error */
5263 if (severity != STS$K_SEVERE)
5272 STATUS_UNIX_SET(errno);
5274 exitstatus = STATUS_UNIX >> 8;
5275 if (exitstatus & 255)
5276 STATUS_UNIX_SET(exitstatus);
5278 STATUS_UNIX_SET(255);
5285 S_my_exit_jump(pTHX)
5290 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
5294 POPSTACK_TO(PL_mainstack);
5302 read_e_script(pTHX_ int idx, SV *buf_sv, int maxlen)
5305 const char * const p = SvPVX_const(PL_e_script);
5306 const char *nl = strchr(p, '\n');
5308 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(idx);
5309 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(maxlen);
5311 nl = (nl) ? nl+1 : SvEND(PL_e_script);
5313 filter_del(read_e_script);
5316 sv_catpvn(buf_sv, p, nl-p);
5317 sv_chop(PL_e_script, nl);
5323 * c-indentation-style: bsd
5325 * indent-tabs-mode: t
5328 * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 noet: