3 * Copyright (C) 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
4 * 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * "A ship then new they built for him/of mithril and of elven glass" --Bilbo
15 /* This file contains the top-level functions that are used to create, use
16 * and destroy a perl interpreter, plus the functions used by XS code to
17 * call back into perl. Note that it does not contain the actual main()
18 * function of the interpreter; that can be found in perlmain.c
23 * Be proud that perl(1) may proclaim:
24 * Setuid Perl scripts are safer than C programs ...
25 * Do not abandon (deprecate) suidperl. Do not advocate C wrappers.
27 * The flow was: perl starts, notices script is suid, execs suidperl with same
28 * arguments; suidperl opens script, checks many things, sets itself with
29 * right UID, execs perl with similar arguments but with script pre-opened on
30 * /dev/fd/xxx; perl checks script is as should be and does work. This was
31 * insecure: see perlsec(1) for many problems with this approach.
33 * The "correct" flow should be: perl starts, opens script and notices it is
34 * suid, checks many things, execs suidperl with similar arguments but with
35 * script on /dev/fd/xxx; suidperl checks script and /dev/fd/xxx object are
36 * same, checks arguments match #! line, sets itself with right UID, execs
37 * perl with same arguments; perl checks many things and does work.
39 * (Opening the script in perl instead of suidperl, we "lose" scripts that
40 * are readable to the target UID but not to the invoker. Where did
41 * unreadable scripts work anyway?)
43 * For now, suidperl and perl are pretty much the same large and cumbersome
44 * program, so suidperl can check its argument list (see comments elsewhere).
47 * Original bug report:
48 * http://bugs.perl.org/index.html?req=bug_id&bug_id=20010322.218
49 * http://rt.perl.org/rt2/Ticket/Display.html?id=6511
50 * Comments and discussion with Debian:
51 * http://bugs.debian.org/203426
52 * http://bugs.debian.org/220486
53 * Debian Security Advisory DSA 431-1 (does not fully fix problem):
54 * http://www.debian.org/security/2004/dsa-431
56 * http://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CAN-2003-0618
57 * Previous versions of this patch sent to perl5-porters:
58 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg71953.html
59 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75245.html
60 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75563.html
61 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75635.html
63 Paul Szabo - psz@maths.usyd.edu.au http://www.maths.usyd.edu.au:8000/u/psz/
64 School of Mathematics and Statistics University of Sydney 2006 Australia
68 * Use truthful, neat, specific error messages.
69 * Cannot always hide the truth; security must not depend on doing so.
73 * Use global(?), thread-local fdscript for easier checks.
74 * (I do not understand how we could possibly get a thread race:
75 * do not all threads go through the same initialization? Or in
76 * fact, are not threads started only after we get the script and
77 * so know what to do? Oh well, make things super-safe...)
81 #define PERL_IN_PERL_C
83 #include "patchlevel.h" /* for local_patches */
87 char *nw_get_sitelib(const char *pl);
90 /* XXX If this causes problems, set i_unistd=undef in the hint file. */
107 #if !defined(STANDARD_C) && !defined(HAS_GETENV_PROTOTYPE) && !defined(PERL_MICRO)
108 char *getenv (char *); /* Usually in <stdlib.h> */
111 static I32 read_e_script(pTHX_ int idx, SV *buf_sv, int maxlen);
119 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
125 #if defined(USE_ITHREADS)
126 # define INIT_TLS_AND_INTERP \
128 if (!PL_curinterp) { \
129 PERL_SET_INTERP(my_perl); \
132 PERL_SET_THX(my_perl); \
134 MUTEX_INIT(&PL_dollarzero_mutex); \
137 PERL_SET_THX(my_perl); \
141 # define INIT_TLS_AND_INTERP \
143 if (!PL_curinterp) { \
144 PERL_SET_INTERP(my_perl); \
146 PERL_SET_THX(my_perl); \
150 #ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
152 perl_alloc_using(struct IPerlMem* ipM, struct IPerlMem* ipMS,
153 struct IPerlMem* ipMP, struct IPerlEnv* ipE,
154 struct IPerlStdIO* ipStd, struct IPerlLIO* ipLIO,
155 struct IPerlDir* ipD, struct IPerlSock* ipS,
156 struct IPerlProc* ipP)
158 PerlInterpreter *my_perl;
159 /* New() needs interpreter, so call malloc() instead */
160 my_perl = (PerlInterpreter*)(*ipM->pMalloc)(ipM, sizeof(PerlInterpreter));
162 Zero(my_perl, 1, PerlInterpreter);
178 =head1 Embedding Functions
180 =for apidoc perl_alloc
182 Allocates a new Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
190 PerlInterpreter *my_perl;
191 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
195 /* New() needs interpreter, so call malloc() instead */
196 my_perl = (PerlInterpreter*)PerlMem_malloc(sizeof(PerlInterpreter));
199 return ZeroD(my_perl, 1, PerlInterpreter);
201 #endif /* PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS */
204 =for apidoc perl_construct
206 Initializes a new Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
212 perl_construct(pTHXx)
216 PL_perl_destruct_level = 1;
218 if (PL_perl_destruct_level > 0)
221 /* Init the real globals (and main thread)? */
223 #ifdef PERL_FLEXIBLE_EXCEPTIONS
224 PL_protect = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_default_protect); /* for exceptions */
227 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling; /* needed by ckWARN, right away */
229 PL_linestr = NEWSV(65,79);
230 sv_upgrade(PL_linestr,SVt_PVIV);
232 if (!SvREADONLY(&PL_sv_undef)) {
233 /* set read-only and try to insure than we wont see REFCNT==0
236 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_undef);
237 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_undef) = (~(U32)0)/2;
239 sv_setpv(&PL_sv_no,PL_No);
241 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_no);
242 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_no) = (~(U32)0)/2;
244 sv_setpv(&PL_sv_yes,PL_Yes);
246 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_yes);
247 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_yes) = (~(U32)0)/2;
249 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_placeholder);
250 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_placeholder) = (~(U32)0)/2;
253 PL_sighandlerp = Perl_sighandler;
254 PL_pidstatus = newHV();
257 PL_rs = newSVpvn("\n", 1);
262 PL_lex_state = LEX_NOTPARSING;
268 SET_NUMERIC_STANDARD();
270 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
271 PL_localpatches = local_patches; /* For possible -v */
274 #ifdef HAVE_INTERP_INTERN
278 PerlIO_init(aTHX); /* Hook to IO system */
280 PL_fdpid = newAV(); /* for remembering popen pids by fd */
281 PL_modglobal = newHV(); /* pointers to per-interpreter module globals */
282 PL_errors = newSVpvn("",0);
283 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(0), "", 0); /* For regex debugging. */
284 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(1), "", 0); /* ext/re needs these */
285 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(2), "", 0); /* even without DEBUGGING. */
287 PL_regex_padav = newAV();
288 av_push(PL_regex_padav,(SV*)newAV()); /* First entry is an array of empty elements */
289 PL_regex_pad = AvARRAY(PL_regex_padav);
291 #ifdef USE_REENTRANT_API
292 Perl_reentrant_init(aTHX);
295 /* Note that strtab is a rather special HV. Assumptions are made
296 about not iterating on it, and not adding tie magic to it.
297 It is properly deallocated in perl_destruct() */
300 HvSHAREKEYS_off(PL_strtab); /* mandatory */
301 hv_ksplit(PL_strtab, 512);
303 #if defined(__DYNAMIC__) && (defined(NeXT) || defined(__NeXT__))
304 _dyld_lookup_and_bind
305 ("__environ", (unsigned long *) &environ_pointer, NULL);
309 # ifdef USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY
310 PL_origenviron = environ;
314 /* Use sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK) if available, if not
315 * available or if the sysconf() fails, use the HZ. */
316 #if defined(HAS_SYSCONF) && defined(_SC_CLK_TCK)
317 PL_clocktick = sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK);
318 if (PL_clocktick <= 0)
322 PL_stashcache = newHV();
324 PL_patchlevel = newSVpv(
325 Perl_form(aTHX_ "%d.%d.%d",
328 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION ), 0
335 =for apidoc nothreadhook
337 Stub that provides thread hook for perl_destruct when there are
344 Perl_nothreadhook(pTHX)
350 =for apidoc perl_destruct
352 Shuts down a Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
360 volatile int destruct_level; /* 0=none, 1=full, 2=full with checks */
362 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
364 #endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
366 /* wait for all pseudo-forked children to finish */
367 PERL_WAIT_FOR_CHILDREN;
369 destruct_level = PL_perl_destruct_level;
373 if ((s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL"))) {
375 if (destruct_level < i)
382 if(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_DESTRUCT_END) {
387 if (PL_endav && !PL_minus_c)
388 call_list(PL_scopestack_ix, PL_endav);
394 /* Need to flush since END blocks can produce output */
397 if (CALL_FPTR(PL_threadhook)(aTHX)) {
398 /* Threads hook has vetoed further cleanup */
399 return STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
402 /* We must account for everything. */
404 /* Destroy the main CV and syntax tree */
406 /* ensure comppad/curpad to refer to main's pad */
407 if (CvPADLIST(PL_main_cv)) {
408 PAD_SET_CUR_NOSAVE(CvPADLIST(PL_main_cv), 1);
410 op_free(PL_main_root);
411 PL_main_root = Nullop;
413 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
414 PL_main_start = Nullop;
415 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_main_cv);
419 /* Tell PerlIO we are about to tear things apart in case
420 we have layers which are using resources that should
424 PerlIO_destruct(aTHX);
426 if (PL_sv_objcount) {
428 * Try to destruct global references. We do this first so that the
429 * destructors and destructees still exist. Some sv's might remain.
430 * Non-referenced objects are on their own.
436 /* unhook hooks which will soon be, or use, destroyed data */
437 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_warnhook);
438 PL_warnhook = Nullsv;
439 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_diehook);
442 /* call exit list functions */
443 while (PL_exitlistlen-- > 0)
444 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].fn(aTHX_ PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].ptr);
446 Safefree(PL_exitlist);
451 if (destruct_level == 0){
453 DEBUG_P(debprofdump());
455 #if defined(PERLIO_LAYERS)
456 /* No more IO - including error messages ! */
457 PerlIO_cleanup(aTHX);
460 /* The exit() function will do everything that needs doing. */
461 return STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
464 /* jettison our possibly duplicated environment */
465 /* if PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV is defined environ will not have been copied
466 * so we certainly shouldn't free it here
469 #if defined(USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY) && !defined(PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV)
470 if (environ != PL_origenviron
472 /* only main thread can free environ[0] contents */
473 && PL_curinterp == aTHX
479 for (i = 0; environ[i]; i++)
480 safesysfree(environ[i]);
482 /* Must use safesysfree() when working with environ. */
483 safesysfree(environ);
485 environ = PL_origenviron;
488 #endif /* !PERL_MICRO */
490 /* reset so print() ends up where we expect */
494 /* the syntax tree is shared between clones
495 * so op_free(PL_main_root) only ReREFCNT_dec's
496 * REGEXPs in the parent interpreter
497 * we need to manually ReREFCNT_dec for the clones
500 I32 i = AvFILLp(PL_regex_padav) + 1;
501 SV **ary = AvARRAY(PL_regex_padav);
505 REGEXP *re = INT2PTR(REGEXP *,SvIVX(resv));
507 if (SvFLAGS(resv) & SVf_BREAK) {
508 /* this is PL_reg_curpm, already freed
509 * flag is set in regexec.c:S_regtry
511 SvFLAGS(resv) &= ~SVf_BREAK;
513 else if(SvREPADTMP(resv)) {
514 SvREPADTMP_off(resv);
521 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_regex_padav);
522 PL_regex_padav = Nullav;
526 SvREFCNT_dec((SV*) PL_stashcache);
527 PL_stashcache = NULL;
529 /* loosen bonds of global variables */
532 (void)PerlIO_close(PL_rsfp);
536 /* Filters for program text */
537 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rsfp_filters);
538 PL_rsfp_filters = Nullav;
541 PL_preprocess = FALSE;
547 PL_doswitches = FALSE;
548 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_OFF;
549 PL_doextract = FALSE;
550 PL_sawampersand = FALSE; /* must save all match strings */
553 Safefree(PL_inplace);
555 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_patchlevel);
558 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
559 PL_e_script = Nullsv;
564 /* magical thingies */
566 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ofs_sv); /* $, */
569 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ors_sv); /* $\ */
572 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rs); /* $/ */
575 PL_multiline = 0; /* $* */
576 Safefree(PL_osname); /* $^O */
579 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_statname);
580 PL_statname = Nullsv;
583 /* defgv, aka *_ should be taken care of elsewhere */
585 /* clean up after study() */
586 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_lastscream);
587 PL_lastscream = Nullsv;
588 Safefree(PL_screamfirst);
590 Safefree(PL_screamnext);
594 Safefree(PL_efloatbuf);
595 PL_efloatbuf = Nullch;
598 /* startup and shutdown function lists */
599 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_beginav);
600 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_beginav_save);
601 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_endav);
602 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_checkav);
603 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_checkav_save);
604 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_initav);
606 PL_beginav_save = Nullav;
609 PL_checkav_save = Nullav;
612 /* shortcuts just get cleared */
618 PL_argvoutgv = Nullgv;
620 PL_stderrgv = Nullgv;
621 PL_last_in_gv = Nullgv;
626 PL_DBsingle = Nullsv;
628 PL_DBsignal = Nullsv;
629 PL_DBassertion = Nullsv;
632 PL_debstash = Nullhv;
634 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_argvout_stack);
635 PL_argvout_stack = Nullav;
637 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_modglobal);
638 PL_modglobal = Nullhv;
639 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_preambleav);
640 PL_preambleav = Nullav;
641 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_subname);
643 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_linestr);
645 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_pidstatus);
646 PL_pidstatus = Nullhv;
647 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_toptarget);
648 PL_toptarget = Nullsv;
649 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_bodytarget);
650 PL_bodytarget = Nullsv;
651 PL_formtarget = Nullsv;
653 /* free locale stuff */
654 #ifdef USE_LOCALE_COLLATE
655 Safefree(PL_collation_name);
656 PL_collation_name = Nullch;
659 #ifdef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC
660 Safefree(PL_numeric_name);
661 PL_numeric_name = Nullch;
662 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_numeric_radix_sv);
663 PL_numeric_radix_sv = Nullsv;
666 /* clear utf8 character classes */
667 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alnum);
668 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alnumc);
669 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_ascii);
670 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alpha);
671 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_space);
672 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_cntrl);
673 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_graph);
674 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_digit);
675 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_upper);
676 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_lower);
677 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_print);
678 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_punct);
679 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_xdigit);
680 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_mark);
681 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_toupper);
682 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_totitle);
683 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_tolower);
684 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_tofold);
685 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_idstart);
686 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_idcont);
687 PL_utf8_alnum = Nullsv;
688 PL_utf8_alnumc = Nullsv;
689 PL_utf8_ascii = Nullsv;
690 PL_utf8_alpha = Nullsv;
691 PL_utf8_space = Nullsv;
692 PL_utf8_cntrl = Nullsv;
693 PL_utf8_graph = Nullsv;
694 PL_utf8_digit = Nullsv;
695 PL_utf8_upper = Nullsv;
696 PL_utf8_lower = Nullsv;
697 PL_utf8_print = Nullsv;
698 PL_utf8_punct = Nullsv;
699 PL_utf8_xdigit = Nullsv;
700 PL_utf8_mark = Nullsv;
701 PL_utf8_toupper = Nullsv;
702 PL_utf8_totitle = Nullsv;
703 PL_utf8_tolower = Nullsv;
704 PL_utf8_tofold = Nullsv;
705 PL_utf8_idstart = Nullsv;
706 PL_utf8_idcont = Nullsv;
708 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
709 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
710 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = Nullsv;
711 if (!specialCopIO(PL_compiling.cop_io))
712 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_io);
713 PL_compiling.cop_io = Nullsv;
714 CopFILE_free(&PL_compiling);
715 CopSTASH_free(&PL_compiling);
717 /* Prepare to destruct main symbol table. */
722 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_curstname);
723 PL_curstname = Nullsv;
725 /* clear queued errors */
726 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_errors);
730 if (destruct_level >= 2 && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL)) {
731 if (PL_scopestack_ix != 0)
732 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
733 "Unbalanced scopes: %ld more ENTERs than LEAVEs\n",
734 (long)PL_scopestack_ix);
735 if (PL_savestack_ix != 0)
736 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
737 "Unbalanced saves: %ld more saves than restores\n",
738 (long)PL_savestack_ix);
739 if (PL_tmps_floor != -1)
740 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Unbalanced tmps: %ld more allocs than frees\n",
741 (long)PL_tmps_floor + 1);
742 if (cxstack_ix != -1)
743 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Unbalanced context: %ld more PUSHes than POPs\n",
744 (long)cxstack_ix + 1);
747 /* Now absolutely destruct everything, somehow or other, loops or no. */
748 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) |= SVTYPEMASK; /* don't clean out pid table now */
749 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) |= SVTYPEMASK; /* don't clean out strtab now */
751 /* the 2 is for PL_fdpid and PL_strtab */
752 while (PL_sv_count > 2 && sv_clean_all())
755 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) &= ~SVTYPEMASK;
756 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) |= SVt_PVAV;
757 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) &= ~SVTYPEMASK;
758 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) |= SVt_PVHV;
760 AvREAL_off(PL_fdpid); /* no surviving entries */
761 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_fdpid); /* needed in io_close() */
764 #ifdef HAVE_INTERP_INTERN
768 /* Destruct the global string table. */
770 /* Yell and reset the HeVAL() slots that are still holding refcounts,
771 * so that sv_free() won't fail on them.
779 max = HvMAX(PL_strtab);
780 array = HvARRAY(PL_strtab);
783 if (hent && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL)) {
784 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
785 "Unbalanced string table refcount: (%d) for \"%s\"",
786 HeVAL(hent) - Nullsv, HeKEY(hent));
787 HeVAL(hent) = Nullsv;
797 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_strtab);
800 /* free the pointer table used for cloning */
801 ptr_table_free(PL_ptr_table);
802 PL_ptr_table = (PTR_TBL_t*)NULL;
805 /* free special SVs */
807 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_yes) = 0;
808 sv_clear(&PL_sv_yes);
809 SvANY(&PL_sv_yes) = NULL;
810 SvFLAGS(&PL_sv_yes) = 0;
812 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_no) = 0;
814 SvANY(&PL_sv_no) = NULL;
815 SvFLAGS(&PL_sv_no) = 0;
819 for (i=0; i<=2; i++) {
820 SvREFCNT(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = 0;
821 sv_clear(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i));
822 SvANY(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = NULL;
823 SvFLAGS(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = 0;
827 if (PL_sv_count != 0 && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
828 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Scalars leaked: %ld\n", (long)PL_sv_count);
830 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS
831 if (PL_sv_count != 0) {
836 for (sva = PL_sv_arenaroot; sva; sva = (SV*)SvANY(sva)) {
837 svend = &sva[SvREFCNT(sva)];
838 for (sv = sva + 1; sv < svend; ++sv) {
839 if (SvTYPE(sv) != SVTYPEMASK) {
840 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "leaked: 0x%p"
851 #if defined(PERLIO_LAYERS)
852 /* No more IO - including error messages ! */
853 PerlIO_cleanup(aTHX);
856 /* sv_undef needs to stay immortal until after PerlIO_cleanup
857 as currently layers use it rather than Nullsv as a marker
858 for no arg - and will try and SvREFCNT_dec it.
860 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_undef) = 0;
861 SvREADONLY_off(&PL_sv_undef);
863 Safefree(PL_origfilename);
864 PL_origfilename = Nullch;
865 Safefree(PL_reg_start_tmp);
866 PL_reg_start_tmp = (char**)NULL;
867 PL_reg_start_tmpl = 0;
869 Safefree(PL_reg_curpm);
870 Safefree(PL_reg_poscache);
872 Safefree(PL_op_mask);
873 Safefree(PL_psig_ptr);
874 PL_psig_ptr = (SV**)NULL;
875 Safefree(PL_psig_name);
876 PL_psig_name = (SV**)NULL;
877 Safefree(PL_bitcount);
878 PL_bitcount = Nullch;
879 Safefree(PL_psig_pend);
880 PL_psig_pend = (int*)NULL;
881 PL_formfeed = Nullsv;
886 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
887 PL_hints = 0; /* Reset hints. Should hints be per-interpreter ? */
890 DEBUG_P(debprofdump());
892 #ifdef USE_REENTRANT_API
893 Perl_reentrant_free(aTHX);
898 /* As the absolutely last thing, free the non-arena SV for mess() */
901 /* it could have accumulated taint magic */
902 if (SvTYPE(PL_mess_sv) >= SVt_PVMG) {
905 for (mg = SvMAGIC(PL_mess_sv); mg; mg = moremagic) {
906 moremagic = mg->mg_moremagic;
907 if (mg->mg_ptr && mg->mg_type != PERL_MAGIC_regex_global
909 Safefree(mg->mg_ptr);
913 /* we know that type >= SVt_PV */
914 (void)SvOOK_off(PL_mess_sv);
915 Safefree(SvPVX(PL_mess_sv));
916 Safefree(SvANY(PL_mess_sv));
917 Safefree(PL_mess_sv);
920 return STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
924 =for apidoc perl_free
926 Releases a Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
934 #if defined(WIN32) || defined(NETWARE)
935 # if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS)
937 void *host = nw_internal_host;
939 void *host = w32_internal_host;
943 nw_delete_internal_host(host);
945 win32_delete_internal_host(host);
956 Perl_call_atexit(pTHX_ ATEXIT_t fn, void *ptr)
958 Renew(PL_exitlist, PL_exitlistlen+1, PerlExitListEntry);
959 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].fn = fn;
960 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].ptr = ptr;
965 =for apidoc perl_parse
967 Tells a Perl interpreter to parse a Perl script. See L<perlembed>.
973 perl_parse(pTHXx_ XSINIT_t xsinit, int argc, char **argv, char **env)
978 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
982 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
985 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "suidperl is no longer needed since the kernel can now execute\n\
986 setuid perl scripts securely.\n");
990 #if defined(USE_HASH_SEED) || defined(USE_HASH_SEED_EXPLICIT)
991 /* [perl #22371] Algorimic Complexity Attack on Perl 5.6.1, 5.8.0
992 * This MUST be done before any hash stores or fetches take place.
993 * If you set PL_rehash_seed (and assumedly also PL_rehash_seed_set)
994 * yourself, it is your responsibility to provide a good random seed!
995 * You can also define PERL_HASH_SEED in compile time, see hv.h. */
996 if (!PL_rehash_seed_set)
997 PL_rehash_seed = get_hash_seed();
999 char *s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_HASH_SEED_DEBUG");
1005 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "HASH_SEED = %"UVuf"\n",
1009 #endif /* #if defined(USE_HASH_SEED) || defined(USE_HASH_SEED_EXPLICIT) */
1015 /* Set PL_origalen be the sum of the contiguous argv[]
1016 * elements plus the size of the env in case that it is
1017 * contiguous with the argv[]. This is used in mg.c:Perl_magic_set()
1018 * as the maximum modifiable length of $0. In the worst case
1019 * the area we are able to modify is limited to the size of
1020 * the original argv[0]. (See below for 'contiguous', though.)
1025 ~(UV)(PTRSIZE == 4 ? 3 : PTRSIZE == 8 ? 7 : PTRSIZE == 16 ? 15 : 0);
1026 /* Do the mask check only if the args seem like aligned. */
1028 (mask < ~(UV)0) && ((PTR2UV(argv[0]) & mask) == PTR2UV(argv[0]));
1030 /* See if all the arguments are contiguous in memory. Note
1031 * that 'contiguous' is a loose term because some platforms
1032 * align the argv[] and the envp[]. If the arguments look
1033 * like non-aligned, assume that they are 'strictly' or
1034 * 'traditionally' contiguous. If the arguments look like
1035 * aligned, we just check that they are within aligned
1036 * PTRSIZE bytes. As long as no system has something bizarre
1037 * like the argv[] interleaved with some other data, we are
1038 * fine. (Did I just evoke Murphy's Law?) --jhi */
1039 if (PL_origargv && PL_origargc >= 1 && (s = PL_origargv[0])) {
1041 for (i = 1; i < PL_origargc; i++) {
1042 if ((PL_origargv[i] == s + 1
1044 || PL_origargv[i] == s + 2
1049 (PL_origargv[i] > s &&
1051 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1061 /* Can we grab env area too to be used as the area for $0? */
1062 if (PL_origenviron) {
1063 if ((PL_origenviron[0] == s + 1
1065 || (PL_origenviron[0] == s + 9 && (s += 8))
1070 (PL_origenviron[0] > s &&
1071 PL_origenviron[0] <=
1072 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1076 s = PL_origenviron[0];
1079 my_setenv("NoNe SuCh", Nullch);
1080 /* Force copy of environment. */
1081 for (i = 1; PL_origenviron[i]; i++) {
1082 if (PL_origenviron[i] == s + 1
1085 (PL_origenviron[i] > s &&
1086 PL_origenviron[i] <=
1087 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1090 s = PL_origenviron[i];
1098 PL_origalen = s - PL_origargv[0] + 1;
1103 /* Come here if running an undumped a.out. */
1105 PL_origfilename = savepv(argv[0]);
1106 PL_do_undump = FALSE;
1107 cxstack_ix = -1; /* start label stack again */
1109 init_postdump_symbols(argc,argv,env);
1114 op_free(PL_main_root);
1115 PL_main_root = Nullop;
1117 PL_main_start = Nullop;
1118 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_main_cv);
1119 PL_main_cv = Nullcv;
1122 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
1123 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_OFF;
1125 #ifdef PERL_FLEXIBLE_EXCEPTIONS
1126 CALLPROTECT(aTHX_ pcur_env, &ret, MEMBER_TO_FPTR(S_vparse_body), env, xsinit);
1132 #ifndef PERL_FLEXIBLE_EXCEPTIONS
1133 parse_body(env,xsinit);
1136 call_list(oldscope, PL_checkav);
1143 /* my_exit() was called */
1144 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
1147 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
1149 call_list(oldscope, PL_checkav);
1150 ret = STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
1153 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: top_env\n");
1161 #ifdef PERL_FLEXIBLE_EXCEPTIONS
1163 S_vparse_body(pTHX_ va_list args)
1165 char **env = va_arg(args, char**);
1166 XSINIT_t xsinit = va_arg(args, XSINIT_t);
1168 return parse_body(env, xsinit);
1173 S_parse_body(pTHX_ char **env, XSINIT_t xsinit)
1175 int argc = PL_origargc;
1176 char **argv = PL_origargv;
1177 char *scriptname = NULL;
1178 VOL bool dosearch = FALSE;
1179 char *validarg = "";
1182 char *cddir = Nullch;
1186 sv_setpvn(PL_linestr,"",0);
1187 sv = newSVpvn("",0); /* first used for -I flags */
1191 for (argc--,argv++; argc > 0; argc--,argv++) {
1192 if (argv[0][0] != '-' || !argv[0][1])
1196 validarg = " PHOOEY ";
1200 * Can we rely on the kernel to start scripts with argv[1] set to
1201 * contain all #! line switches (the whole line)? (argv[0] is set to
1202 * the interpreter name, argv[2] to the script name; argv[3] and
1203 * above may contain other arguments.)
1210 #ifndef PERL_STRICT_CR
1235 if ((s = moreswitches(s)))
1240 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('t');
1241 if( !PL_tainting ) {
1242 PL_taint_warn = TRUE;
1248 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('T');
1250 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
1255 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1256 /* ignore -e for Dev:Pseudo argument */
1257 if (argv[1] && !strcmp(argv[1], "Dev:Pseudo"))
1262 PL_e_script = newSVpvn("",0);
1263 filter_add(read_e_script, NULL);
1266 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, s);
1268 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, argv[1]);
1272 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No code specified for -e");
1273 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, "\n");
1276 case 'I': /* -I handled both here and in moreswitches() */
1278 if (!*++s && (s=argv[1]) != Nullch) {
1283 STRLEN len = strlen(s);
1284 p = savepvn(s, len);
1285 incpush(p, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE);
1286 sv_catpvn(sv, "-I", 2);
1287 sv_catpvn(sv, p, len);
1288 sv_catpvn(sv, " ", 1);
1292 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No directory specified for -I");
1296 PL_preprocess = TRUE;
1306 PL_preambleav = newAV();
1307 av_push(PL_preambleav, newSVpv("use Config qw(myconfig config_vars)",0));
1309 PL_Sv = newSVpv("print myconfig();",0);
1311 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"print \"\\nCharacteristics of this PERLSHR image: \\n\",");
1313 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"print \"\\nCharacteristics of this binary (from libperl): \\n\",");
1315 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"\" Compile-time options:");
1317 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," DEBUGGING");
1319 # ifdef MULTIPLICITY
1320 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," MULTIPLICITY");
1322 # ifdef USE_5005THREADS
1323 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_5005THREADS");
1325 # ifdef USE_ITHREADS
1326 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_ITHREADS");
1328 # ifdef USE_64_BIT_INT
1329 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_64_BIT_INT");
1331 # ifdef USE_64_BIT_ALL
1332 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_64_BIT_ALL");
1334 # ifdef USE_LONG_DOUBLE
1335 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_LONG_DOUBLE");
1337 # ifdef USE_LARGE_FILES
1338 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_LARGE_FILES");
1341 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_SOCKS");
1343 # ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
1344 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT");
1346 # ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
1347 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS");
1349 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"\\n\",");
1351 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
1352 if (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT > 0) {
1354 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"\" Locally applied patches:\\n\",");
1355 for (i = 1; i <= LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT; i++) {
1356 if (PL_localpatches[i])
1357 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ PL_Sv,"q%c\t%s\n%c,",
1358 0, PL_localpatches[i], 0);
1362 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ PL_Sv,"\" Built under %s\\n\"",OSNAME);
1365 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ PL_Sv,",\" Compiled at %s %s\\n\"",__DATE__,__TIME__);
1367 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ PL_Sv,",\" Compiled on %s\\n\"",__DATE__);
1370 sv_catpv(PL_Sv, "; \
1372 @env = map { \"$_=\\\"$ENV{$_}\\\"\" } sort grep {/^PERL/} keys %ENV; ");
1375 push @env, \"CYGWIN=\\\"$ENV{CYGWIN}\\\"\";");
1378 print \" \\%ENV:\\n @env\\n\" if @env; \
1379 print \" \\@INC:\\n @INC\\n\";");
1382 PL_Sv = newSVpv("config_vars(qw(",0);
1383 sv_catpv(PL_Sv, ++s);
1384 sv_catpv(PL_Sv, "))");
1387 av_push(PL_preambleav, PL_Sv);
1388 scriptname = BIT_BUCKET; /* don't look for script or read stdin */
1391 PL_doextract = TRUE;
1399 if (!*++s || isSPACE(*s)) {
1403 /* catch use of gnu style long options */
1404 if (strEQ(s, "version")) {
1408 if (strEQ(s, "help")) {
1415 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Unrecognized switch: -%s (-h will show valid options)",s);
1421 #ifndef SECURE_INTERNAL_GETENV
1424 (s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL5OPT")))
1429 if (*s == '-' && *(s+1) == 'T') {
1430 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('T');
1432 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
1435 char *popt_copy = Nullch;
1448 if (!strchr("DIMUdmtwA", *s))
1449 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Illegal switch in PERL5OPT: -%c", *s);
1453 popt_copy = SvPVX(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(popt,0)));
1454 s = popt_copy + (s - popt);
1455 d = popt_copy + (d - popt);
1462 if( !PL_tainting ) {
1463 PL_taint_warn = TRUE;
1473 if (PL_taint_warn && PL_dowarn != G_WARN_ALL_OFF) {
1474 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = newSVpvn(WARN_TAINTstring, WARNsize);
1478 scriptname = argv[0];
1481 scriptname = BIT_BUCKET; /* don't look for script or read stdin */
1483 else if (scriptname == Nullch) {
1485 if ( PerlLIO_isatty(PerlIO_fileno(PerlIO_stdin())) )
1493 open_script(scriptname,dosearch,sv);
1495 validate_suid(validarg, scriptname);
1498 #if defined(SIGCHLD) || defined(SIGCLD)
1501 # define SIGCHLD SIGCLD
1503 Sighandler_t sigstate = rsignal_state(SIGCHLD);
1504 if (sigstate == SIG_IGN) {
1505 if (ckWARN(WARN_SIGNAL))
1506 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_SIGNAL),
1507 "Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default");
1508 (void)rsignal(SIGCHLD, (Sighandler_t)SIG_DFL);
1514 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1515 if (PL_doextract || gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
1520 if (cddir && PerlDir_chdir(cddir) < 0)
1521 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't chdir to %s",cddir);
1525 PL_main_cv = PL_compcv = (CV*)NEWSV(1104,0);
1526 sv_upgrade((SV *)PL_compcv, SVt_PVCV);
1527 CvUNIQUE_on(PL_compcv);
1529 CvPADLIST(PL_compcv) = pad_new(0);
1530 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
1531 CvOWNER(PL_compcv) = 0;
1532 New(666, CvMUTEXP(PL_compcv), 1, perl_mutex);
1533 MUTEX_INIT(CvMUTEXP(PL_compcv));
1534 #endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
1537 boot_core_UNIVERSAL();
1538 boot_core_xsutils();
1541 (*xsinit)(aTHX); /* in case linked C routines want magical variables */
1543 #if defined(VMS) || defined(WIN32) || defined(DJGPP) || defined(__CYGWIN__) || defined(EPOC)
1549 # ifdef HAS_SOCKS5_INIT
1550 socks5_init(argv[0]);
1556 init_predump_symbols();
1557 /* init_postdump_symbols not currently designed to be called */
1558 /* more than once (ENV isn't cleared first, for example) */
1559 /* But running with -u leaves %ENV & @ARGV undefined! XXX */
1561 init_postdump_symbols(argc,argv,env);
1563 /* PL_unicode is turned on by -C or by $ENV{PERL_UNICODE}.
1564 * PL_utf8locale is conditionally turned on by
1565 * locale.c:Perl_init_i18nl10n() if the environment
1566 * look like the user wants to use UTF-8. */
1568 /* Requires init_predump_symbols(). */
1569 if (!(PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_LOCALE_FLAG) || PL_utf8locale) {
1574 /* Turn on UTF-8-ness on STDIN, STDOUT, STDERR
1575 * and the default open disciplines. */
1576 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDIN_FLAG) &&
1577 PL_stdingv && (io = GvIO(PL_stdingv)) &&
1579 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
1580 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDOUT_FLAG) &&
1581 PL_defoutgv && (io = GvIO(PL_defoutgv)) &&
1583 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
1584 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDERR_FLAG) &&
1585 PL_stderrgv && (io = GvIO(PL_stderrgv)) &&
1587 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
1588 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_INOUT_FLAG) &&
1589 (sv = GvSV(gv_fetchpv("\017PEN", TRUE, SVt_PV)))) {
1590 U32 in = PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_IN_FLAG;
1591 U32 out = PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_OUT_FLAG;
1594 sv_setpvn(sv, ":utf8\0:utf8", 11);
1596 sv_setpvn(sv, ":utf8\0", 6);
1599 sv_setpvn(sv, "\0:utf8", 6);
1605 if ((s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_SIGNALS"))) {
1606 if (strEQ(s, "unsafe"))
1607 PL_signals |= PERL_SIGNALS_UNSAFE_FLAG;
1608 else if (strEQ(s, "safe"))
1609 PL_signals &= ~PERL_SIGNALS_UNSAFE_FLAG;
1611 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "PERL_SIGNALS illegal: \"%s\"", s);
1616 /* now parse the script */
1618 SETERRNO(0,SS_NORMAL);
1620 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1621 if (gMacPerl_SyntaxError = (yyparse() || PL_error_count)) {
1623 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s had compilation errors.\n", MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
1625 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Execution of %s aborted due to compilation errors.\n",
1626 MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
1630 if (yyparse() || PL_error_count) {
1632 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s had compilation errors.\n", PL_origfilename);
1634 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Execution of %s aborted due to compilation errors.\n",
1639 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, 0);
1640 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
1641 PL_preprocess = FALSE;
1643 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
1644 PL_e_script = Nullsv;
1651 SAVECOPFILE(PL_curcop);
1652 SAVECOPLINE(PL_curcop);
1653 gv_check(PL_defstash);
1660 if ((s=PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS")) && atoi(s) >= 2)
1661 dump_mstats("after compilation:");
1670 =for apidoc perl_run
1672 Tells a Perl interpreter to run. See L<perlembed>.
1683 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
1687 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
1692 #ifdef PERL_FLEXIBLE_EXCEPTIONS
1694 CALLPROTECT(aTHX_ pcur_env, &ret, MEMBER_TO_FPTR(S_vrun_body), oldscope);
1700 cxstack_ix = -1; /* start context stack again */
1702 case 0: /* normal completion */
1703 #ifndef PERL_FLEXIBLE_EXCEPTIONS
1708 case 2: /* my_exit() */
1709 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
1712 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
1713 if (!(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_DESTRUCT_END) &&
1714 PL_endav && !PL_minus_c)
1715 call_list(oldscope, PL_endav);
1717 if (PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS"))
1718 dump_mstats("after execution: ");
1720 ret = STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
1724 POPSTACK_TO(PL_mainstack);
1727 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: restartop\n");
1737 #ifdef PERL_FLEXIBLE_EXCEPTIONS
1739 S_vrun_body(pTHX_ va_list args)
1741 I32 oldscope = va_arg(args, I32);
1743 return run_body(oldscope);
1749 S_run_body(pTHX_ I32 oldscope)
1751 DEBUG_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "%s $` $& $' support.\n",
1752 PL_sawampersand ? "Enabling" : "Omitting"));
1754 if (!PL_restartop) {
1755 DEBUG_x(dump_all());
1757 PERL_DEBUG(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "\nEXECUTING...\n\n"));
1758 DEBUG_S(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "main thread is 0x%"UVxf"\n",
1762 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1763 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "%s%s syntax OK\n",
1764 (gMacPerl_ErrorFormat ? "# " : ""),
1765 MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
1767 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "%s syntax OK\n", PL_origfilename);
1771 if (PERLDB_SINGLE && PL_DBsingle)
1772 sv_setiv(PL_DBsingle, 1);
1774 call_list(oldscope, PL_initav);
1780 PL_op = PL_restartop;
1784 else if (PL_main_start) {
1785 CvDEPTH(PL_main_cv) = 1;
1786 PL_op = PL_main_start;
1796 =head1 SV Manipulation Functions
1798 =for apidoc p||get_sv
1800 Returns the SV of the specified Perl scalar. If C<create> is set and the
1801 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
1802 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
1808 Perl_get_sv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
1811 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
1812 if (name[1] == '\0' && !isALPHA(name[0])) {
1813 PADOFFSET tmp = find_threadsv(name);
1814 if (tmp != NOT_IN_PAD)
1815 return THREADSV(tmp);
1817 #endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
1818 gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PV);
1825 =head1 Array Manipulation Functions
1827 =for apidoc p||get_av
1829 Returns the AV of the specified Perl array. If C<create> is set and the
1830 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
1831 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
1837 Perl_get_av(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
1839 GV* gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVAV);
1848 =head1 Hash Manipulation Functions
1850 =for apidoc p||get_hv
1852 Returns the HV of the specified Perl hash. If C<create> is set and the
1853 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
1854 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
1860 Perl_get_hv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
1862 GV* gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVHV);
1871 =head1 CV Manipulation Functions
1873 =for apidoc p||get_cv
1875 Returns the CV of the specified Perl subroutine. If C<create> is set and
1876 the Perl subroutine does not exist then it will be declared (which has the
1877 same effect as saying C<sub name;>). If C<create> is not set and the
1878 subroutine does not exist then NULL is returned.
1884 Perl_get_cv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
1886 GV* gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVCV);
1887 /* XXX unsafe for threads if eval_owner isn't held */
1888 /* XXX this is probably not what they think they're getting.
1889 * It has the same effect as "sub name;", i.e. just a forward
1891 if (create && !GvCVu(gv))
1892 return newSUB(start_subparse(FALSE, 0),
1893 newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSVpv(name,0)),
1901 /* Be sure to refetch the stack pointer after calling these routines. */
1905 =head1 Callback Functions
1907 =for apidoc p||call_argv
1909 Performs a callback to the specified Perl sub. See L<perlcall>.
1915 Perl_call_argv(pTHX_ const char *sub_name, I32 flags, register char **argv)
1917 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
1918 /* null terminated arg list */
1925 XPUSHs(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(*argv,0)));
1930 return call_pv(sub_name, flags);
1934 =for apidoc p||call_pv
1936 Performs a callback to the specified Perl sub. See L<perlcall>.
1942 Perl_call_pv(pTHX_ const char *sub_name, I32 flags)
1943 /* name of the subroutine */
1944 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
1946 return call_sv((SV*)get_cv(sub_name, TRUE), flags);
1950 =for apidoc p||call_method
1952 Performs a callback to the specified Perl method. The blessed object must
1953 be on the stack. See L<perlcall>.
1959 Perl_call_method(pTHX_ const char *methname, I32 flags)
1960 /* name of the subroutine */
1961 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
1963 return call_sv(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(methname,0)), flags | G_METHOD);
1966 /* May be called with any of a CV, a GV, or an SV containing the name. */
1968 =for apidoc p||call_sv
1970 Performs a callback to the Perl sub whose name is in the SV. See
1977 Perl_call_sv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
1978 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
1981 LOGOP myop; /* fake syntax tree node */
1984 volatile I32 retval = 0;
1986 bool oldcatch = CATCH_GET;
1991 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
1996 Zero(&myop, 1, LOGOP);
1997 myop.op_next = Nullop;
1998 if (!(flags & G_NOARGS))
1999 myop.op_flags |= OPf_STACKED;
2000 myop.op_flags |= ((flags & G_VOID) ? OPf_WANT_VOID :
2001 (flags & G_ARRAY) ? OPf_WANT_LIST :
2006 EXTEND(PL_stack_sp, 1);
2007 *++PL_stack_sp = sv;
2009 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
2011 if (PERLDB_SUB && PL_curstash != PL_debstash
2012 /* Handle first BEGIN of -d. */
2013 && (PL_DBcv || (PL_DBcv = GvCV(PL_DBsub)))
2014 /* Try harder, since this may have been a sighandler, thus
2015 * curstash may be meaningless. */
2016 && (SvTYPE(sv) != SVt_PVCV || CvSTASH((CV*)sv) != PL_debstash)
2017 && !(flags & G_NODEBUG))
2018 PL_op->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_DB;
2020 if (flags & G_METHOD) {
2021 Zero(&method_op, 1, UNOP);
2022 method_op.op_next = PL_op;
2023 method_op.op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_METHOD];
2024 myop.op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_ENTERSUB];
2025 PL_op = (OP*)&method_op;
2028 if (!(flags & G_EVAL)) {
2030 call_body((OP*)&myop, FALSE);
2031 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2032 CATCH_SET(oldcatch);
2035 myop.op_other = (OP*)&myop;
2037 /* we're trying to emulate pp_entertry() here */
2039 register PERL_CONTEXT *cx;
2040 I32 gimme = GIMME_V;
2045 PUSHBLOCK(cx, (CXt_EVAL|CXp_TRYBLOCK), PL_stack_sp);
2047 PL_eval_root = PL_op; /* Only needed so that goto works right. */
2049 PL_in_eval = EVAL_INEVAL;
2050 if (flags & G_KEEPERR)
2051 PL_in_eval |= EVAL_KEEPERR;
2057 #ifdef PERL_FLEXIBLE_EXCEPTIONS
2059 CALLPROTECT(aTHX_ pcur_env, &ret, MEMBER_TO_FPTR(S_vcall_body),
2066 #ifndef PERL_FLEXIBLE_EXCEPTIONS
2068 call_body((OP*)&myop, FALSE);
2070 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2071 if (!(flags & G_KEEPERR))
2078 /* my_exit() was called */
2079 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2082 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED))
2083 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Callback called exit");
2088 PL_op = PL_restartop;
2092 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2093 if (flags & G_ARRAY)
2097 *++PL_stack_sp = &PL_sv_undef;
2102 if (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope) {
2106 register PERL_CONTEXT *cx;
2117 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2118 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2127 #ifdef PERL_FLEXIBLE_EXCEPTIONS
2129 S_vcall_body(pTHX_ va_list args)
2131 OP *myop = va_arg(args, OP*);
2132 int is_eval = va_arg(args, int);
2134 call_body(myop, is_eval);
2140 S_call_body(pTHX_ OP *myop, int is_eval)
2142 if (PL_op == myop) {
2144 PL_op = Perl_pp_entereval(aTHX); /* this doesn't do a POPMARK */
2146 PL_op = Perl_pp_entersub(aTHX); /* this does */
2152 /* Eval a string. The G_EVAL flag is always assumed. */
2155 =for apidoc p||eval_sv
2157 Tells Perl to C<eval> the string in the SV.
2163 Perl_eval_sv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
2165 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2168 UNOP myop; /* fake syntax tree node */
2169 volatile I32 oldmark = SP - PL_stack_base;
2170 volatile I32 retval = 0;
2176 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2183 Zero(PL_op, 1, UNOP);
2184 EXTEND(PL_stack_sp, 1);
2185 *++PL_stack_sp = sv;
2186 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
2188 if (!(flags & G_NOARGS))
2189 myop.op_flags = OPf_STACKED;
2190 myop.op_next = Nullop;
2191 myop.op_type = OP_ENTEREVAL;
2192 myop.op_flags |= ((flags & G_VOID) ? OPf_WANT_VOID :
2193 (flags & G_ARRAY) ? OPf_WANT_LIST :
2195 if (flags & G_KEEPERR)
2196 myop.op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL;
2198 #ifdef PERL_FLEXIBLE_EXCEPTIONS
2200 CALLPROTECT(aTHX_ pcur_env, &ret, MEMBER_TO_FPTR(S_vcall_body),
2203 /* fail now; otherwise we could fail after the JMPENV_PUSH but
2204 * before a PUSHEVAL, which corrupts the stack after a croak */
2205 TAINT_PROPER("eval_sv()");
2211 #ifndef PERL_FLEXIBLE_EXCEPTIONS
2213 call_body((OP*)&myop,TRUE);
2215 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2216 if (!(flags & G_KEEPERR))
2223 /* my_exit() was called */
2224 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2227 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED))
2228 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Callback called exit");
2233 PL_op = PL_restartop;
2237 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2238 if (flags & G_ARRAY)
2242 *++PL_stack_sp = &PL_sv_undef;
2248 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2249 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2259 =for apidoc p||eval_pv
2261 Tells Perl to C<eval> the given string and return an SV* result.
2267 Perl_eval_pv(pTHX_ const char *p, I32 croak_on_error)
2270 SV* sv = newSVpv(p, 0);
2272 eval_sv(sv, G_SCALAR);
2279 if (croak_on_error && SvTRUE(ERRSV)) {
2281 Perl_croak(aTHX_ SvPVx(ERRSV, n_a));
2287 /* Require a module. */
2290 =head1 Embedding Functions
2292 =for apidoc p||require_pv
2294 Tells Perl to C<require> the file named by the string argument. It is
2295 analogous to the Perl code C<eval "require '$file'">. It's even
2296 implemented that way; consider using load_module instead.
2301 Perl_require_pv(pTHX_ const char *pv)
2305 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_REQUIRE);
2307 sv = sv_newmortal();
2308 sv_setpv(sv, "require '");
2311 eval_sv(sv, G_DISCARD);
2317 Perl_magicname(pTHX_ char *sym, char *name, I32 namlen)
2321 if ((gv = gv_fetchpv(sym,TRUE, SVt_PV)))
2322 sv_magic(GvSV(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, namlen);
2326 S_usage(pTHX_ char *name) /* XXX move this out into a module ? */
2328 /* This message really ought to be max 23 lines.
2329 * Removed -h because the user already knows that option. Others? */
2331 static char *usage_msg[] = {
2332 "-0[octal] specify record separator (\\0, if no argument)",
2333 "-a autosplit mode with -n or -p (splits $_ into @F)",
2334 "-C[number/list] enables the listed Unicode features",
2335 "-c check syntax only (runs BEGIN and CHECK blocks)",
2336 "-d[:debugger] run program under debugger",
2337 "-D[number/list] set debugging flags (argument is a bit mask or alphabets)",
2338 "-e program one line of program (several -e's allowed, omit programfile)",
2339 "-F/pattern/ split() pattern for -a switch (//'s are optional)",
2340 "-i[extension] edit <> files in place (makes backup if extension supplied)",
2341 "-Idirectory specify @INC/#include directory (several -I's allowed)",
2342 "-l[octal] enable line ending processing, specifies line terminator",
2343 "-[mM][-]module execute `use/no module...' before executing program",
2344 "-n assume 'while (<>) { ... }' loop around program",
2345 "-p assume loop like -n but print line also, like sed",
2346 "-P run program through C preprocessor before compilation",
2347 "-s enable rudimentary parsing for switches after programfile",
2348 "-S look for programfile using PATH environment variable",
2349 "-t enable tainting warnings",
2350 "-T enable tainting checks",
2351 "-u dump core after parsing program",
2352 "-U allow unsafe operations",
2353 "-v print version, subversion (includes VERY IMPORTANT perl info)",
2354 "-V[:variable] print configuration summary (or a single Config.pm variable)",
2355 "-w enable many useful warnings (RECOMMENDED)",
2356 "-W enable all warnings",
2357 "-x[directory] strip off text before #!perl line and perhaps cd to directory",
2358 "-X disable all warnings",
2362 char **p = usage_msg;
2364 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2365 "\nUsage: %s [switches] [--] [programfile] [arguments]",
2368 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(), "\n %s", *p++);
2371 /* convert a string of -D options (or digits) into an int.
2372 * sets *s to point to the char after the options */
2376 Perl_get_debug_opts(pTHX_ char **s)
2378 static char *usage_msgd[] = {
2379 " Debugging flag values: (see also -d)",
2380 " p Tokenizing and parsing (with v, displays parse stack)",
2381 " s Stack snapshots. with v, displays all stacks",
2382 " l Context (loop) stack processing",
2383 " t Trace execution",
2384 " o Method and overloading resolution",
2385 " c String/numeric conversions",
2386 " P Print profiling info, preprocessor command for -P, source file input state",
2387 " m Memory allocation",
2388 " f Format processing",
2389 " r Regular expression parsing and execution",
2390 " x Syntax tree dump",
2391 " u Tainting checks (Obsolete, previously used for LEAKTEST)",
2392 " H Hash dump -- usurps values()",
2393 " X Scratchpad allocation",
2395 " S Thread synchronization",
2397 " R Include reference counts of dumped variables (eg when using -Ds)",
2398 " J Do not s,t,P-debug (Jump over) opcodes within package DB",
2399 " v Verbose: use in conjunction with other flags",
2401 " A Consistency checks on internal structures",
2402 " q quiet - currently only suppressed the 'EXECUTING' message",
2407 /* if adding extra options, remember to update DEBUG_MASK */
2408 static char debopts[] = "psltocPmfrxu HXDSTRJvCAq";
2410 for (; isALNUM(**s); (*s)++) {
2411 char *d = strchr(debopts,**s);
2413 i |= 1 << (d - debopts);
2414 else if (ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
2415 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
2416 "invalid option -D%c, use -D'' to see choices\n", **s);
2419 else if (isDIGIT(**s)) {
2421 for (; isALNUM(**s); (*s)++) ;
2424 char **p = usage_msgd;
2425 while (*p) PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(), "%s\n", *p++);
2428 if ((i & DEBUG_p_FLAG) && ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
2429 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
2430 "-Dp not implemented on this platform\n");
2436 /* This routine handles any switches that can be given during run */
2439 Perl_moreswitches(pTHX_ char *s)
2449 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rs);
2450 if (s[1] == 'x' && s[2]) {
2454 for (s += 2, e = s; *e; e++);
2456 flags = PERL_SCAN_SILENT_ILLDIGIT;
2457 rschar = (U32)grok_hex(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
2458 if (s + numlen < e) {
2459 rschar = 0; /* Grandfather -0xFOO as -0 -xFOO. */
2463 PL_rs = newSVpvn("", 0);
2464 SvGROW(PL_rs, (STRLEN)(UNISKIP(rschar) + 1));
2465 tmps = (U8*)SvPVX(PL_rs);
2466 uvchr_to_utf8(tmps, rschar);
2467 SvCUR_set(PL_rs, UNISKIP(rschar));
2472 rschar = (U32)grok_oct(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
2473 if (rschar & ~((U8)~0))
2474 PL_rs = &PL_sv_undef;
2475 else if (!rschar && numlen >= 2)
2476 PL_rs = newSVpvn("", 0);
2478 char ch = (char)rschar;
2479 PL_rs = newSVpvn(&ch, 1);
2482 sv_setsv(get_sv("/", TRUE), PL_rs);
2487 PL_unicode = parse_unicode_opts(&s);
2492 while (*s && !isSPACE(*s)) ++s;
2494 PL_splitstr = savepv(PL_splitstr);
2507 /* The following permits -d:Mod to accepts arguments following an =
2508 in the fashion that -MSome::Mod does. */
2509 if (*s == ':' || *s == '=') {
2512 sv = newSVpv("use Devel::", 0);
2514 /* We now allow -d:Module=Foo,Bar */
2515 while(isALNUM(*s) || *s==':') ++s;
2517 sv_catpv(sv, start);
2519 sv_catpvn(sv, start, s-start);
2520 sv_catpv(sv, " split(/,/,q{");
2525 my_setenv("PERL5DB", SvPV(sv, PL_na));
2528 PL_perldb = PERLDB_ALL;
2537 PL_debug = get_debug_opts(&s) | DEBUG_TOP_FLAG;
2538 #else /* !DEBUGGING */
2539 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
2540 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
2541 "Recompile perl with -DDEBUGGING to use -D switch (did you mean -d ?)\n");
2542 for (s++; isALNUM(*s); s++) ;
2548 usage(PL_origargv[0]);
2552 Safefree(PL_inplace);
2553 #if defined(__CYGWIN__) /* do backup extension automagically */
2554 if (*(s+1) == '\0') {
2555 PL_inplace = savepv(".bak");
2558 #endif /* __CYGWIN__ */
2559 PL_inplace = savepv(s+1);
2561 for (s = PL_inplace; *s && !isSPACE(*s); s++) ;
2564 if (*s == '-') /* Additional switches on #! line. */
2568 case 'I': /* -I handled both here and in parse_body() */
2571 while (*s && isSPACE(*s))
2576 /* ignore trailing spaces (possibly followed by other switches) */
2578 for (e = p; *e && !isSPACE(*e); e++) ;
2582 } while (*p && *p != '-');
2583 e = savepvn(s, e-s);
2584 incpush(e, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE);
2591 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No directory specified for -I");
2597 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ors_sv);
2602 PL_ors_sv = newSVpvn("\n",1);
2603 numlen = 3 + (*s == '0');
2604 *SvPVX(PL_ors_sv) = (char)grok_oct(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
2608 if (RsPARA(PL_rs)) {
2609 PL_ors_sv = newSVpvn("\n\n",2);
2612 PL_ors_sv = newSVsv(PL_rs);
2619 PL_preambleav = newAV();
2621 SV *sv = newSVpv("use assertions::activate split(/,/,q", 0);
2622 sv_catpvn(sv, "\0", 1); /* Use NUL as q//-delimiter. */
2624 sv_catpvn(sv, "\0)", 2);
2626 av_push(PL_preambleav, sv);
2629 av_push(PL_preambleav, newSVpvn("use assertions::activate",24));
2632 forbid_setid("-M"); /* XXX ? */
2635 forbid_setid("-m"); /* XXX ? */
2640 /* -M-foo == 'no foo' */
2641 if (*s == '-') { use = "no "; ++s; }
2642 sv = newSVpv(use,0);
2644 /* We allow -M'Module qw(Foo Bar)' */
2645 while(isALNUM(*s) || *s==':') ++s;
2647 sv_catpv(sv, start);
2648 if (*(start-1) == 'm') {
2650 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use '%c' after -mname", *s);
2651 sv_catpv( sv, " ()");
2655 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Module name required with -%c option",
2657 sv_catpvn(sv, start, s-start);
2658 sv_catpv(sv, " split(/,/,q");
2659 sv_catpvn(sv, "\0)", 1); /* Use NUL as q//-delimiter. */
2661 sv_catpvn(sv, "\0)", 2);
2665 PL_preambleav = newAV();
2666 av_push(PL_preambleav, sv);
2669 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No space allowed after -%c", *(s-1));
2681 PL_doswitches = TRUE;
2695 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2696 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Believe me, you don't want to use \"-u\" on a Macintosh");
2698 PL_do_undump = TRUE;
2706 if (!sv_derived_from(PL_patchlevel, "version"))
2707 (void *)upg_version(PL_patchlevel);
2709 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2710 Perl_form(aTHX_ "\nThis is perl, v%_ built for %s",
2711 vstringify(PL_patchlevel),
2714 /* Adjust verbose output as in the perl that ships with the DG/UX OS from EMC */
2715 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2716 Perl_form(aTHX_ "\nThis is perl, v%_\n",
2717 vstringify(PL_patchlevel)));
2718 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2719 Perl_form(aTHX_ " built under %s at %s %s\n",
2720 OSNAME, __DATE__, __TIME__));
2721 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2722 Perl_form(aTHX_ " OS Specific Release: %s\n",
2726 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
2727 if (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT > 0)
2728 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2729 "\n(with %d registered patch%s, "
2730 "see perl -V for more detail)",
2731 (int)LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT,
2732 (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT!=1) ? "es" : "");
2735 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2736 "\n\nCopyright 1987-2004, Larry Wall\n");
2737 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2738 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2739 "\nMac OS port Copyright 1991-2002, Matthias Neeracher;\n"
2740 "maintained by Chris Nandor\n");
2743 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2744 "\nMS-DOS port Copyright (c) 1989, 1990, Diomidis Spinellis\n");
2747 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2748 "djgpp v2 port (jpl5003c) by Hirofumi Watanabe, 1996\n"
2749 "djgpp v2 port (perl5004+) by Laszlo Molnar, 1997-1999\n");
2752 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2753 "\n\nOS/2 port Copyright (c) 1990, 1991, Raymond Chen, Kai Uwe Rommel\n"
2754 "Version 5 port Copyright (c) 1994-2002, Andreas Kaiser, Ilya Zakharevich\n");
2757 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2758 "atariST series port, ++jrb bammi@cadence.com\n");
2761 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2762 "BeOS port Copyright Tom Spindler, 1997-1999\n");
2765 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2766 "MPE/iX port Copyright by Mark Klein and Mark Bixby, 1996-2003\n");
2769 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2770 "MVS (OS390) port by Mortice Kern Systems, 1997-1999\n");
2773 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2774 "Stratus VOS port by Paul.Green@stratus.com, 1997-2002\n");
2777 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2778 "VM/ESA port by Neale Ferguson, 1998-1999\n");
2781 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2782 "BS2000 (POSIX) port by Start Amadeus GmbH, 1998-1999\n");
2785 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2786 "MiNT port by Guido Flohr, 1997-1999\n");
2789 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2790 "EPOC port by Olaf Flebbe, 1999-2002\n");
2793 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),"WINCE port by Rainer Keuchel, 2001-2002\n");
2794 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),"Built on " __DATE__ " " __TIME__ "\n\n");
2797 #ifdef BINARY_BUILD_NOTICE
2798 BINARY_BUILD_NOTICE;
2800 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2802 Perl may be copied only under the terms of either the Artistic License or the\n\
2803 GNU General Public License, which may be found in the Perl 5 source kit.\n\n\
2804 Complete documentation for Perl, including FAQ lists, should be found on\n\
2805 this system using `man perl' or `perldoc perl'. If you have access to the\n\
2806 Internet, point your browser at http://www.perl.com/, the Perl Home Page.\n\n");
2809 if (! (PL_dowarn & G_WARN_ALL_MASK))
2810 PL_dowarn |= G_WARN_ON;
2814 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_ALL_ON|G_WARN_ON;
2815 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
2816 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
2817 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = pWARN_ALL ;
2821 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_ALL_OFF;
2822 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
2823 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
2824 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = pWARN_NONE ;
2829 if (s[1] == '-') /* Additional switches on #! line. */
2834 #if defined(WIN32) || !defined(PERL_STRICT_CR)
2840 #ifdef ALTERNATE_SHEBANG
2841 case 'S': /* OS/2 needs -S on "extproc" line. */
2849 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't emulate -%.1s on #! line",s);
2854 /* compliments of Tom Christiansen */
2856 /* unexec() can be found in the Gnu emacs distribution */
2857 /* Known to work with -DUNEXEC and using unexelf.c from GNU emacs-20.2 */
2860 Perl_my_unexec(pTHX)
2868 prog = newSVpv(BIN_EXP, 0);
2869 sv_catpv(prog, "/perl");
2870 file = newSVpv(PL_origfilename, 0);
2871 sv_catpv(file, ".perldump");
2873 unexec(SvPVX(file), SvPVX(prog), &etext, sbrk(0), 0);
2874 /* unexec prints msg to stderr in case of failure */
2875 PerlProc_exit(status);
2878 # include <lib$routines.h>
2879 lib$signal(SS$_DEBUG); /* ssdef.h #included from vmsish.h */
2881 ABORT(); /* for use with undump */
2886 /* initialize curinterp */
2892 # define PERLVAR(var,type)
2893 # define PERLVARA(var,n,type)
2894 # if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
2895 # if defined(USE_5005THREADS)
2896 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
2897 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
2898 # else /* !USE_5005THREADS */
2899 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) aTHX->var = init;
2900 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) aTHX->var = init;
2901 # endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
2903 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
2904 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
2906 # include "intrpvar.h"
2907 # ifndef USE_5005THREADS
2908 # include "thrdvar.h"
2915 # define PERLVAR(var,type)
2916 # define PERLVARA(var,n,type)
2917 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PL_##var = init;
2918 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PL_##var = init;
2919 # include "intrpvar.h"
2920 # ifndef USE_5005THREADS
2921 # include "thrdvar.h"
2932 S_init_main_stash(pTHX)
2936 PL_curstash = PL_defstash = newHV();
2937 PL_curstname = newSVpvn("main",4);
2938 gv = gv_fetchpv("main::",TRUE, SVt_PVHV);
2939 SvREFCNT_dec(GvHV(gv));
2940 GvHV(gv) = (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(PL_defstash);
2942 HvNAME(PL_defstash) = savepv("main");
2943 PL_incgv = gv_HVadd(gv_AVadd(gv_fetchpv("INC",TRUE, SVt_PVAV)));
2944 GvMULTI_on(PL_incgv);
2945 PL_hintgv = gv_fetchpv("\010",TRUE, SVt_PV); /* ^H */
2946 GvMULTI_on(PL_hintgv);
2947 PL_defgv = gv_fetchpv("_",TRUE, SVt_PVAV);
2948 PL_errgv = gv_HVadd(gv_fetchpv("@", TRUE, SVt_PV));
2949 GvMULTI_on(PL_errgv);
2950 PL_replgv = gv_fetchpv("\022", TRUE, SVt_PV); /* ^R */
2951 GvMULTI_on(PL_replgv);
2952 (void)Perl_form(aTHX_ "%240s",""); /* Preallocate temp - for immediate signals. */
2953 sv_grow(ERRSV, 240); /* Preallocate - for immediate signals. */
2954 sv_setpvn(ERRSV, "", 0);
2955 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2956 CopSTASH_set(&PL_compiling, PL_defstash);
2957 PL_debstash = GvHV(gv_fetchpv("DB::", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
2958 PL_globalstash = GvHV(gv_fetchpv("CORE::GLOBAL::", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
2959 /* We must init $/ before switches are processed. */
2960 sv_setpvn(get_sv("/", TRUE), "\n", 1);
2963 /* PSz 18 Nov 03 fdscript now global but do not change prototype */
2965 S_open_script(pTHX_ char *scriptname, bool dosearch, SV *sv)
2970 char *cpp_discard_flag;
2978 PL_origfilename = savepv("-e");
2981 /* if find_script() returns, it returns a malloc()-ed value */
2982 PL_origfilename = scriptname = find_script(scriptname, dosearch, NULL, 1);
2984 if (strnEQ(scriptname, "/dev/fd/", 8) && isDIGIT(scriptname[8]) ) {
2985 char *s = scriptname + 8;
2986 PL_fdscript = atoi(s);
2991 * Tell apart "normal" usage of fdscript, e.g.
2992 * with bash on FreeBSD:
2993 * perl <( echo '#!perl -DA'; echo 'print "$0\n"')
2994 * from usage in suidperl.
2995 * Does any "normal" usage leave garbage after the number???
2996 * Is it a mistake to use a similar /dev/fd/ construct for
3001 * Be supersafe and do some sanity-checks.
3002 * Still, can we be sure we got the right thing?
3005 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Wrong syntax (suid) fd script name \"%s\"\n", s);
3008 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Missing (suid) fd script name\n");
3010 scriptname = savepv(s + 1);
3011 Safefree(PL_origfilename);
3012 PL_origfilename = scriptname;
3017 CopFILE_free(PL_curcop);
3018 CopFILE_set(PL_curcop, PL_origfilename);
3019 if (strEQ(PL_origfilename,"-"))
3021 if (PL_fdscript >= 0) {
3022 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_fdopen(PL_fdscript,PERL_SCRIPT_MODE);
3023 # if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3025 /* ensure close-on-exec */
3026 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,1);
3031 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "sperl needs fd script\n"
3032 "You should not call sperl directly; do you need to "
3033 "change a #! line\nfrom sperl to perl?\n");
3036 * Do not open (or do other fancy stuff) while setuid.
3037 * Perl does the open, and hands script to suidperl on a fd;
3038 * suidperl only does some checks, sets up UIDs and re-execs
3039 * perl with that fd as it has always done.
3042 if (PL_suidscript != 1) {
3043 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "suidperl needs (suid) fd script\n");
3046 else if (PL_preprocess) {
3047 char *cpp_cfg = CPPSTDIN;
3048 SV *cpp = newSVpvn("",0);
3049 SV *cmd = NEWSV(0,0);
3051 if (cpp_cfg[0] == 0) /* PERL_MICRO? */
3052 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't run with cpp -P with CPPSTDIN undefined");
3053 if (strEQ(cpp_cfg, "cppstdin"))
3054 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ cpp, "%s/", BIN_EXP);
3055 sv_catpv(cpp, cpp_cfg);
3058 sv_catpvn(sv, "-I", 2);
3059 sv_catpv(sv,PRIVLIB_EXP);
3062 DEBUG_P(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3063 "PL_preprocess: scriptname=\"%s\", cpp=\"%s\", sv=\"%s\", CPPMINUS=\"%s\"\n",
3064 scriptname, SvPVX (cpp), SvPVX (sv), CPPMINUS));
3066 # if defined(MSDOS) || defined(WIN32) || defined(VMS)
3073 cpp_discard_flag = "";
3075 cpp_discard_flag = "-C";
3079 perl = os2_execname(aTHX);
3081 perl = PL_origargv[0];
3085 /* This strips off Perl comments which might interfere with
3086 the C pre-processor, including #!. #line directives are
3087 deliberately stripped to avoid confusion with Perl's version
3088 of #line. FWP played some golf with it so it will fit
3089 into VMS's 255 character buffer.
3092 code = "(1../^#!.*perl/i)|/^\\s*#(?!\\s*((ifn?|un)def|(el|end)?if|define|include|else|error|pragma)\\b)/||!($|=1)||print";
3094 code = "/^\\s*#(?!\\s*((ifn?|un)def|(el|end)?if|define|include|else|error|pragma)\\b)/||!($|=1)||print";
3096 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ cmd, "\
3097 %s -ne%s%s%s %s | %"SVf" %s %"SVf" %s",
3098 perl, quote, code, quote, scriptname, cpp,
3099 cpp_discard_flag, sv, CPPMINUS);
3101 PL_doextract = FALSE;
3103 DEBUG_P(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3104 "PL_preprocess: cmd=\"%s\"\n",
3107 PL_rsfp = PerlProc_popen(SvPVX(cmd), "r");
3111 else if (!*scriptname) {
3112 forbid_setid("program input from stdin");
3113 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_stdin();
3116 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_open(scriptname,PERL_SCRIPT_MODE);
3117 # if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3119 /* ensure close-on-exec */
3120 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,1);
3123 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3125 /* PSz 16 Sep 03 Keep neat error message */
3126 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't open perl script \"%s\": %s\n",
3127 CopFILE(PL_curcop), Strerror(errno));
3132 * I_SYSSTATVFS HAS_FSTATVFS
3134 * I_STATFS HAS_FSTATFS HAS_GETFSSTAT
3135 * I_MNTENT HAS_GETMNTENT HAS_HASMNTOPT
3136 * here so that metaconfig picks them up. */
3140 S_fd_on_nosuid_fs(pTHX_ int fd)
3143 * We used to do this as "plain" user (after swapping UIDs with setreuid);
3144 * but is needed also on machines without setreuid.
3145 * Seems safe enough to run as root.
3147 int check_okay = 0; /* able to do all the required sys/libcalls */
3148 int on_nosuid = 0; /* the fd is on a nosuid fs */
3150 * Need to check noexec also: nosuid might not be set, the average
3151 * sysadmin would say that nosuid is irrelevant once he sets noexec.
3153 int on_noexec = 0; /* the fd is on a noexec fs */
3156 * Preferred order: fstatvfs(), fstatfs(), ustat()+getmnt(), getmntent().
3157 * fstatvfs() is UNIX98.
3158 * fstatfs() is 4.3 BSD.
3159 * ustat()+getmnt() is pre-4.3 BSD.
3160 * getmntent() is O(number-of-mounted-filesystems) and can hang on
3161 * an irrelevant filesystem while trying to reach the right one.
3164 #undef FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY /* found the syscalls to do the check? */
3166 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3167 defined(HAS_FSTATVFS)
3168 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3169 struct statvfs stfs;
3171 check_okay = fstatvfs(fd, &stfs) == 0;
3172 on_nosuid = check_okay && (stfs.f_flag & ST_NOSUID);
3174 /* ST_NOEXEC certainly absent on AIX 5.1, and doesn't seem to be documented
3175 on platforms where it is present. */
3176 on_noexec = check_okay && (stfs.f_flag & ST_NOEXEC);
3178 # endif /* fstatvfs */
3180 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3181 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID) && \
3182 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC) && \
3183 defined(HAS_FSTATFS) && \
3184 defined(HAS_STRUCT_STATFS) && \
3185 defined(HAS_STRUCT_STATFS_F_FLAGS)
3186 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3189 check_okay = fstatfs(fd, &stfs) == 0;
3190 on_nosuid = check_okay && (stfs.f_flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID);
3191 on_noexec = check_okay && (stfs.f_flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC);
3192 # endif /* fstatfs */
3194 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3195 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID) && \
3196 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC) && \
3197 defined(HAS_FSTAT) && \
3198 defined(HAS_USTAT) && \
3199 defined(HAS_GETMNT) && \
3200 defined(HAS_STRUCT_FS_DATA) && \
3202 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3205 if (fstat(fd, &fdst) == 0) {
3207 if (ustat(fdst.st_dev, &us) == 0) {
3209 /* NOSTAT_ONE here because we're not examining fields which
3210 * vary between that case and STAT_ONE. */
3211 if (getmnt((int*)0, &fsd, (int)0, NOSTAT_ONE, us.f_fname) == 0) {
3212 size_t cmplen = sizeof(us.f_fname);
3213 if (sizeof(fsd.fd_req.path) < cmplen)
3214 cmplen = sizeof(fsd.fd_req.path);
3215 if (strnEQ(fsd.fd_req.path, us.f_fname, cmplen) &&
3216 fdst.st_dev == fsd.fd_req.dev) {
3218 on_nosuid = fsd.fd_req.flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID;
3219 on_noexec = fsd.fd_req.flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC;
3225 # endif /* fstat+ustat+getmnt */
3227 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3228 defined(HAS_GETMNTENT) && \
3229 defined(HAS_HASMNTOPT) && \
3230 defined(MNTOPT_NOSUID) && \
3231 defined(MNTOPT_NOEXEC)
3232 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3233 FILE *mtab = fopen("/etc/mtab", "r");
3234 struct mntent *entry;
3237 if (mtab && (fstat(fd, &stb) == 0)) {
3238 while (entry = getmntent(mtab)) {
3239 if (stat(entry->mnt_dir, &fsb) == 0
3240 && fsb.st_dev == stb.st_dev)
3242 /* found the filesystem */
3244 if (hasmntopt(entry, MNTOPT_NOSUID))
3246 if (hasmntopt(entry, MNTOPT_NOEXEC))
3249 } /* A single fs may well fail its stat(). */
3254 # endif /* getmntent+hasmntopt */
3257 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't check filesystem of script \"%s\" for nosuid/noexec", PL_origfilename);
3259 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script \"%s\" on nosuid filesystem", PL_origfilename);
3261 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script \"%s\" on noexec filesystem", PL_origfilename);
3262 return ((!check_okay) || on_nosuid || on_noexec);
3264 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3267 S_validate_suid(pTHX_ char *validarg, char *scriptname)
3271 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3273 /* do we need to emulate setuid on scripts? */
3275 /* This code is for those BSD systems that have setuid #! scripts disabled
3276 * in the kernel because of a security problem. Merely defining DOSUID
3277 * in perl will not fix that problem, but if you have disabled setuid
3278 * scripts in the kernel, this will attempt to emulate setuid and setgid
3279 * on scripts that have those now-otherwise-useless bits set. The setuid
3280 * root version must be called suidperl or sperlN.NNN. If regular perl
3281 * discovers that it has opened a setuid script, it calls suidperl with
3282 * the same argv that it had. If suidperl finds that the script it has
3283 * just opened is NOT setuid root, it sets the effective uid back to the
3284 * uid. We don't just make perl setuid root because that loses the
3285 * effective uid we had before invoking perl, if it was different from the
3288 * Description/comments above do not match current workings:
3289 * suidperl must be hardlinked to sperlN.NNN (that is what we exec);
3290 * suidperl called with script open and name changed to /dev/fd/N/X;
3291 * suidperl croaks if script is not setuid;
3292 * making perl setuid would be a huge security risk (and yes, that
3293 * would lose any euid we might have had).
3295 * DOSUID must be defined in both perl and suidperl, and IAMSUID must
3296 * be defined in suidperl only. suidperl must be setuid root. The
3297 * Configure script will set this up for you if you want it.
3303 if (PerlLIO_fstat(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),&PL_statbuf) < 0) /* normal stat is insecure */
3304 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't stat script \"%s\"",PL_origfilename);
3305 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & (S_ISUID|S_ISGID)) {
3310 if (PL_fdscript < 0 || PL_suidscript != 1)
3311 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Need (suid) fdscript in suidperl\n"); /* We already checked this */
3313 * Since the script is opened by perl, not suidperl, some of these
3314 * checks are superfluous. Leaving them in probably does not lower
3318 * Do checks even for systems with no HAS_SETREUID.
3319 * We used to swap, then re-swap UIDs with
3321 if (setreuid(PL_euid,PL_uid) < 0
3322 || PerlProc_getuid() != PL_euid || PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_uid)
3323 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't swap uid and euid");
3326 if (setreuid(PL_uid,PL_euid) < 0
3327 || PerlProc_getuid() != PL_uid || PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_euid)
3328 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't reswap uid and euid");
3332 /* On this access check to make sure the directories are readable,
3333 * there is actually a small window that the user could use to make
3334 * filename point to an accessible directory. So there is a faint
3335 * chance that someone could execute a setuid script down in a
3336 * non-accessible directory. I don't know what to do about that.
3337 * But I don't think it's too important. The manual lies when
3338 * it says access() is useful in setuid programs.
3340 * So, access() is pretty useless... but not harmful... do anyway.
3342 if (PerlLIO_access(CopFILE(PL_curcop),1)) { /*double check*/
3343 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't access() script\n");
3346 /* If we can swap euid and uid, then we can determine access rights
3347 * with a simple stat of the file, and then compare device and
3348 * inode to make sure we did stat() on the same file we opened.
3349 * Then we just have to make sure he or she can execute it.
3352 * As the script is opened by perl, not suidperl, we do not need to
3353 * care much about access rights.
3355 * The 'script changed' check is needed, or we can get lied to
3356 * about $0 with e.g.
3357 * suidperl /dev/fd/4//bin/x 4<setuidscript
3358 * Without HAS_SETREUID, is it safe to stat() as root?
3360 * Are there any operating systems that pass /dev/fd/xxx for setuid
3361 * scripts, as suggested/described in perlsec(1)? Surely they do not
3362 * pass the script name as we do, so the "script changed" test would
3363 * fail for them... but we never get here with
3364 * SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW defined.
3366 * This is one place where we must "lie" about return status: not
3367 * say if the stat() failed. We are doing this as root, and could
3368 * be tricked into reporting existence or not of files that the
3369 * "plain" user cannot even see.
3373 if (PerlLIO_stat(CopFILE(PL_curcop),&tmpstatbuf) < 0 ||
3374 tmpstatbuf.st_dev != PL_statbuf.st_dev ||
3375 tmpstatbuf.st_ino != PL_statbuf.st_ino) {
3376 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script changed\n");
3380 if (!cando(S_IXUSR,FALSE,&PL_statbuf)) /* can real uid exec? */
3381 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Real UID cannot exec script\n");
3384 * We used to do this check as the "plain" user (after swapping
3385 * UIDs). But the check for nosuid and noexec filesystem is needed,
3386 * and should be done even without HAS_SETREUID. (Maybe those
3387 * operating systems do not have such mount options anyway...)
3388 * Seems safe enough to do as root.
3390 #if !defined(NO_NOSUID_CHECK)
3391 if (fd_on_nosuid_fs(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp))) {
3392 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script on nosuid or noexec filesystem\n");
3395 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3397 if (!S_ISREG(PL_statbuf.st_mode)) {
3398 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script not plain file\n");
3400 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_IWOTH)
3401 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid/gid script is writable by world");
3402 PL_doswitches = FALSE; /* -s is insecure in suid */
3403 /* PSz 13 Nov 03 But -s was caught elsewhere ... so unsetting it here is useless(?!) */
3404 CopLINE_inc(PL_curcop);
3405 if (sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0) == Nullch ||
3406 strnNE(SvPV(PL_linestr,n_a),"#!",2) ) /* required even on Sys V */
3407 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No #! line");
3408 s = SvPV(PL_linestr,n_a)+2;
3410 /* Sanity check on line length */
3411 if (strlen(s) < 1 || strlen(s) > 4000)
3412 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Very long #! line");
3413 /* Allow more than a single space after #! */
3414 while (isSPACE(*s)) s++;
3415 /* Sanity check on buffer end */
3416 while ((*s) && !isSPACE(*s)) s++;
3417 for (s2 = s; (s2 > SvPV(PL_linestr,n_a)+2 &&
3418 (isDIGIT(s2[-1]) || strchr("._-", s2[-1]))); s2--) ;
3419 /* Sanity check on buffer start */
3420 if ( (s2-4 < SvPV(PL_linestr,n_a)+2 || strnNE(s2-4,"perl",4)) &&
3421 (s-9 < SvPV(PL_linestr,n_a)+2 || strnNE(s-9,"perl",4)) )
3422 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Not a perl script");
3423 while (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t') s++;
3425 * #! arg must be what we saw above. They can invoke it by
3426 * mentioning suidperl explicitly, but they may not add any strange
3427 * arguments beyond what #! says if they do invoke suidperl that way.
3430 * The way validarg was set up, we rely on the kernel to start
3431 * scripts with argv[1] set to contain all #! line switches (the
3435 * Check that we got all the arguments listed in the #! line (not
3436 * just that there are no extraneous arguments). Might not matter
3437 * much, as switches from #! line seem to be acted upon (also), and
3438 * so may be checked and trapped in perl. But, security checks must
3439 * be done in suidperl and not deferred to perl. Note that suidperl
3440 * does not get around to parsing (and checking) the switches on
3441 * the #! line (but execs perl sooner).
3442 * Allow (require) a trailing newline (which may be of two
3443 * characters on some architectures?) (but no other trailing
3446 len = strlen(validarg);
3447 if (strEQ(validarg," PHOOEY ") ||
3448 strnNE(s,validarg,len) || !isSPACE(s[len]) ||
3449 !(strlen(s) == len+1 || (strlen(s) == len+2 && isSPACE(s[len+1]))))
3450 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Args must match #! line");
3453 if (PL_fdscript < 0 &&
3454 PL_euid != PL_uid && (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID) &&
3455 PL_euid == PL_statbuf.st_uid)
3457 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "YOU HAVEN'T DISABLED SET-ID SCRIPTS IN THE KERNEL YET!\n\
3458 FIX YOUR KERNEL, OR PUT A C WRAPPER AROUND THIS SCRIPT!\n");
3459 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3461 if (PL_fdscript < 0 &&
3462 PL_euid) { /* oops, we're not the setuid root perl */
3464 * When root runs a setuid script, we do not go through the same
3465 * steps of execing sperl and then perl with fd scripts, but
3466 * simply set up UIDs within the same perl invocation; so do
3467 * not have the same checks (on options, whatever) that we have
3468 * for plain users. No problem really: would have to be a script
3469 * that does not actually work for plain users; and if root is
3470 * foolish and can be persuaded to run such an unsafe script, he
3471 * might run also non-setuid ones, and deserves what he gets.
3473 * Or, we might drop the PL_euid check above (and rely just on
3474 * PL_fdscript to avoid loops), and do the execs
3480 * Pass fd script to suidperl.
3481 * Exec suidperl, substituting fd script for scriptname.
3482 * Pass script name as "subdir" of fd, which perl will grok;
3483 * in fact will use that to distinguish this from "normal"
3484 * usage, see comments above.
3486 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
3487 PerlLIO_lseek(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),(Off_t)0,0); /* just in case rewind didn't */
3488 /* PSz 27 Feb 04 Sanity checks on scriptname */
3489 if ((!scriptname) || (!*scriptname) ) {
3490 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No setuid script name\n");
3492 if (*scriptname == '-') {
3493 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script name may not begin with dash\n");
3494 /* Or we might confuse it with an option when replacing
3495 * name in argument list, below (though we do pointer, not
3496 * string, comparisons).
3499 for (which = 1; PL_origargv[which] && PL_origargv[which] != scriptname; which++) ;
3500 if (!PL_origargv[which]) {
3501 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't change argv to have fd script\n");
3503 PL_origargv[which] = savepv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "/dev/fd/%d/%s",
3504 PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp), PL_origargv[which]));
3505 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3506 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,0); /* ensure no close-on-exec */
3509 PerlProc_execv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s/sperl"PERL_FS_VER_FMT, BIN_EXP,
3510 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
3511 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION), PL_origargv);
3513 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3514 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setuid (cannot exec sperl)\n");
3517 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISGID && PL_statbuf.st_gid != PL_egid) {
3519 * This seems back to front: we try HAS_SETEGID first; if not available
3520 * then try HAS_SETREGID; as a last chance we try HAS_SETRESGID. May be OK
3521 * in the sense that we only want to set EGID; but are there any machines
3522 * with either of the latter, but not the former? Same with UID, later.
3525 (void)setegid(PL_statbuf.st_gid);
3528 (void)setregid((Gid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_gid);
3530 #ifdef HAS_SETRESGID
3531 (void)setresgid((Gid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_gid,(Gid_t)-1);
3533 PerlProc_setgid(PL_statbuf.st_gid);
3537 if (PerlProc_getegid() != PL_statbuf.st_gid)
3538 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setegid!\n");
3540 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID) {
3541 if (PL_statbuf.st_uid != PL_euid)
3543 (void)seteuid(PL_statbuf.st_uid); /* all that for this */
3546 (void)setreuid((Uid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_uid);
3548 #ifdef HAS_SETRESUID
3549 (void)setresuid((Uid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_uid,(Uid_t)-1);
3551 PerlProc_setuid(PL_statbuf.st_uid);
3555 if (PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_statbuf.st_uid)
3556 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do seteuid!\n");
3558 else if (PL_uid) { /* oops, mustn't run as root */
3560 (void)seteuid((Uid_t)PL_uid);
3563 (void)setreuid((Uid_t)-1,(Uid_t)PL_uid);
3565 #ifdef HAS_SETRESUID
3566 (void)setresuid((Uid_t)-1,(Uid_t)PL_uid,(Uid_t)-1);
3568 PerlProc_setuid((Uid_t)PL_uid);
3572 if (PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_uid)
3573 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do seteuid!\n");
3576 if (!cando(S_IXUSR,TRUE,&PL_statbuf))
3577 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Effective UID cannot exec script\n"); /* they can't do this */
3580 else if (PL_preprocess) /* PSz 13 Nov 03 Caught elsewhere, useless(?!) here */
3581 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "-P not allowed for setuid/setgid script\n");
3582 else if (PL_fdscript < 0 || PL_suidscript != 1)
3583 /* PSz 13 Nov 03 Caught elsewhere, useless(?!) here */
3584 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "(suid) fdscript needed in suidperl\n");
3586 /* PSz 16 Sep 03 Keep neat error message */
3587 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Script is not setuid/setgid in suidperl\n");
3590 /* We absolutely must clear out any saved ids here, so we */
3591 /* exec the real perl, substituting fd script for scriptname. */
3592 /* (We pass script name as "subdir" of fd, which perl will grok.) */
3594 * It might be thought that using setresgid and/or setresuid (changed to
3595 * set the saved IDs) above might obviate the need to exec, and we could
3596 * go on to "do the perl thing".
3598 * Is there such a thing as "saved GID", and is that set for setuid (but
3599 * not setgid) execution like suidperl? Without exec, it would not be
3600 * cleared for setuid (but not setgid) scripts (or might need a dummy
3603 * We need suidperl to do the exact same argument checking that perl
3604 * does. Thus it cannot be very small; while it could be significantly
3605 * smaller, it is safer (simpler?) to make it essentially the same
3606 * binary as perl (but they are not identical). - Maybe could defer that
3607 * check to the invoked perl, and suidperl be a tiny wrapper instead;
3608 * but prefer to do thorough checks in suidperl itself. Such deferral
3609 * would make suidperl security rely on perl, a design no-no.
3611 * Setuid things should be short and simple, thus easy to understand and
3612 * verify. They should do their "own thing", without influence by
3613 * attackers. It may help if their internal execution flow is fixed,
3614 * regardless of platform: it may be best to exec anyway.
3616 * Suidperl should at least be conceptually simple: a wrapper only,
3617 * never to do any real perl. Maybe we should put
3619 * Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Suidperl should never do real perl\n");
3621 * into the perly bits.
3623 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
3624 PerlLIO_lseek(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),(Off_t)0,0); /* just in case rewind didn't */
3626 * Keep original arguments: suidperl already has fd script.
3628 /* for (which = 1; PL_origargv[which] && PL_origargv[which] != scriptname; which++) ; */
3629 /* if (!PL_origargv[which]) { */
3630 /* errno = EPERM; */
3631 /* Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Permission denied\n"); */
3633 /* PL_origargv[which] = savepv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "/dev/fd/%d/%s", */
3634 /* PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp), PL_origargv[which])); */
3635 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3636 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,0); /* ensure no close-on-exec */
3639 PerlProc_execv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s/perl"PERL_FS_VER_FMT, BIN_EXP,
3640 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
3641 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION), PL_origargv);/* try again */
3643 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setuid (suidperl cannot exec perl)\n");
3644 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3646 if (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid) { /* (suidperl doesn't exist, in fact) */
3647 #ifndef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
3648 PerlLIO_fstat(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),&PL_statbuf); /* may be either wrapped or real suid */
3649 if ((PL_euid != PL_uid && PL_euid == PL_statbuf.st_uid && PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID)
3651 (PL_egid != PL_gid && PL_egid == PL_statbuf.st_gid && PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISGID)
3654 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "YOU HAVEN'T DISABLED SET-ID SCRIPTS IN THE KERNEL YET!\n\
3655 FIX YOUR KERNEL, PUT A C WRAPPER AROUND THIS SCRIPT, OR USE -u AND UNDUMP!\n");
3656 #endif /* SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW */
3657 /* not set-id, must be wrapped */
3663 S_find_beginning(pTHX)
3665 register char *s, *s2;
3666 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3670 /* skip forward in input to the real script? */
3673 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3674 /* Since the Mac OS does not honor #! arguments for us, we do it ourselves */
3676 while (PL_doextract || gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
3677 if ((s = sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0)) == Nullch) {
3678 if (!gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract)
3679 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No Perl script found in input\n");
3681 if (PL_doextract) /* require explicit override ? */
3682 if (!OverrideExtract(PL_origfilename))
3683 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "User aborted script\n");
3685 PL_doextract = FALSE;
3687 /* Pater peccavi, file does not have #! */
3688 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
3693 while (PL_doextract) {
3694 if ((s = sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0)) == Nullch)
3695 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No Perl script found in input\n");
3698 if (*s == '#' && s[1] == '!' && ((s = instr(s,"perl")) || (s = instr(s2,"PERL")))) {
3699 PerlIO_ungetc(PL_rsfp, '\n'); /* to keep line count right */
3700 PL_doextract = FALSE;
3701 while (*s && !(isSPACE (*s) || *s == '#')) s++;
3703 while (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t') s++;
3705 while (isDIGIT(s2[-1]) || strchr("-._", s2[-1])) s2--;
3706 if (strnEQ(s2-4,"perl",4))
3708 while ((s = moreswitches(s)))
3711 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3712 /* We are always searching for the #!perl line in MacPerl,
3713 * so if we find it, still keep the line count correct
3714 * by counting lines we already skipped over
3716 for (; maclines > 0 ; maclines--)
3717 PerlIO_ungetc(PL_rsfp, '\n');
3721 /* gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract is false in MPW tool */
3722 } else if (gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
3733 PL_uid = PerlProc_getuid();
3734 PL_euid = PerlProc_geteuid();
3735 PL_gid = PerlProc_getgid();
3736 PL_egid = PerlProc_getegid();
3738 PL_uid |= PL_gid << 16;
3739 PL_euid |= PL_egid << 16;
3741 /* Should not happen: */
3742 CHECK_MALLOC_TAINT(PL_uid && (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid));
3743 PL_tainting |= (PL_uid && (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid));
3746 * Should go by suidscript, not uid!=euid: why disallow
3747 * system("ls") in scripts run from setuid things?
3748 * Or, is this run before we check arguments and set suidscript?
3749 * What about SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW: could we use fdscript then?
3750 * (We never have suidscript, can we be sure to have fdscript?)
3751 * Or must then go by UID checks? See comments in forbid_setid also.
3755 /* This is used very early in the lifetime of the program,
3756 * before even the options are parsed, so PL_tainting has
3757 * not been initialized properly. */
3759 Perl_doing_taint(int argc, char *argv[], char *envp[])
3761 #ifndef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
3762 /* If we have PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS we can't call getuid() et alia
3763 * before we have an interpreter-- and the whole point of this
3764 * function is to be called at such an early stage. If you are on
3765 * a system with PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS but you do have a concept of
3766 * "tainted because running with altered effective ids', you'll
3767 * have to add your own checks somewhere in here. The two most
3768 * known samples of 'implicitness' are Win32 and NetWare, neither
3769 * of which has much of concept of 'uids'. */
3770 int uid = PerlProc_getuid();
3771 int euid = PerlProc_geteuid();
3772 int gid = PerlProc_getgid();
3773 int egid = PerlProc_getegid();
3779 if (uid && (euid != uid || egid != gid))
3781 #endif /* !PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS */
3782 /* This is a really primitive check; environment gets ignored only
3783 * if -T are the first chars together; otherwise one gets
3784 * "Too late" message. */
3785 if ( argc > 1 && argv[1][0] == '-'
3786 && (argv[1][1] == 't' || argv[1][1] == 'T') )
3792 S_forbid_setid(pTHX_ char *s)
3794 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
3795 if (PL_euid != PL_uid)
3796 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed while running setuid", s);
3797 if (PL_egid != PL_gid)
3798 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed while running setgid", s);
3799 #endif /* SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW */
3801 * Checks for UID/GID above "wrong": why disallow
3802 * perl -e 'print "Hello\n"'
3803 * from within setuid things?? Simply drop them: replaced by
3804 * fdscript/suidscript and #ifdef IAMSUID checks below.
3806 * This may be too late for command-line switches. Will catch those on
3807 * the #! line, after finding the script name and setting up
3808 * fdscript/suidscript. Note that suidperl does not get around to
3809 * parsing (and checking) the switches on the #! line, but checks that
3810 * the two sets are identical.
3812 * With SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW, could we use fdscript, also or
3813 * instead, or would that be "too late"? (We never have suidscript, can
3814 * we be sure to have fdscript?)
3816 * Catch things with suidscript (in descendant of suidperl), even with
3817 * right UID/GID. Was already checked in suidperl, with #ifdef IAMSUID,
3818 * below; but I am paranoid.
3820 * Also see comments about root running a setuid script, elsewhere.
3822 if (PL_suidscript >= 0)
3823 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed with (suid) fdscript", s);
3825 /* PSz 11 Nov 03 Catch it in suidperl, always! */
3826 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed in suidperl", s);
3827 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3831 Perl_init_debugger(pTHX)
3833 HV *ostash = PL_curstash;
3835 PL_curstash = PL_debstash;
3836 PL_dbargs = GvAV(gv_AVadd((gv_fetchpv("DB::args", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVAV))));
3837 AvREAL_off(PL_dbargs);
3838 PL_DBgv = gv_fetchpv("DB::DB", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVGV);
3839 PL_DBline = gv_fetchpv("DB::dbline", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVAV);
3840 PL_DBsub = gv_HVadd(gv_fetchpv("DB::sub", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
3841 sv_upgrade(GvSV(PL_DBsub), SVt_IV); /* IVX accessed if PERLDB_SUB_NN */
3842 PL_DBsingle = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("DB::single", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
3843 sv_setiv(PL_DBsingle, 0);
3844 PL_DBtrace = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("DB::trace", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
3845 sv_setiv(PL_DBtrace, 0);
3846 PL_DBsignal = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("DB::signal", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
3847 sv_setiv(PL_DBsignal, 0);
3848 PL_DBassertion = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("DB::assertion", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
3849 sv_setiv(PL_DBassertion, 0);
3850 PL_curstash = ostash;
3853 #ifndef STRESS_REALLOC
3854 #define REASONABLE(size) (size)
3856 #define REASONABLE(size) (1) /* unreasonable */
3860 Perl_init_stacks(pTHX)
3862 /* start with 128-item stack and 8K cxstack */
3863 PL_curstackinfo = new_stackinfo(REASONABLE(128),
3864 REASONABLE(8192/sizeof(PERL_CONTEXT) - 1));
3865 PL_curstackinfo->si_type = PERLSI_MAIN;
3866 PL_curstack = PL_curstackinfo->si_stack;
3867 PL_mainstack = PL_curstack; /* remember in case we switch stacks */
3869 PL_stack_base = AvARRAY(PL_curstack);
3870 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base;
3871 PL_stack_max = PL_stack_base + AvMAX(PL_curstack);
3873 New(50,PL_tmps_stack,REASONABLE(128),SV*);
3876 PL_tmps_max = REASONABLE(128);
3878 New(54,PL_markstack,REASONABLE(32),I32);
3879 PL_markstack_ptr = PL_markstack;
3880 PL_markstack_max = PL_markstack + REASONABLE(32);
3884 New(54,PL_scopestack,REASONABLE(32),I32);
3885 PL_scopestack_ix = 0;
3886 PL_scopestack_max = REASONABLE(32);
3888 New(54,PL_savestack,REASONABLE(128),ANY);
3889 PL_savestack_ix = 0;
3890 PL_savestack_max = REASONABLE(128);
3898 while (PL_curstackinfo->si_next)
3899 PL_curstackinfo = PL_curstackinfo->si_next;
3900 while (PL_curstackinfo) {
3901 PERL_SI *p = PL_curstackinfo->si_prev;
3902 /* curstackinfo->si_stack got nuked by sv_free_arenas() */
3903 Safefree(PL_curstackinfo->si_cxstack);
3904 Safefree(PL_curstackinfo);
3905 PL_curstackinfo = p;
3907 Safefree(PL_tmps_stack);
3908 Safefree(PL_markstack);
3909 Safefree(PL_scopestack);
3910 Safefree(PL_savestack);
3919 lex_start(PL_linestr);
3921 PL_subname = newSVpvn("main",4);
3925 S_init_predump_symbols(pTHX)
3930 sv_setpvn(get_sv("\"", TRUE), " ", 1);
3931 PL_stdingv = gv_fetchpv("STDIN",TRUE, SVt_PVIO);
3932 GvMULTI_on(PL_stdingv);
3933 io = GvIOp(PL_stdingv);
3934 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_RDONLY;
3935 IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stdin();
3936 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("stdin",TRUE, SVt_PV);
3938 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc(io);
3940 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("STDOUT",TRUE, SVt_PVIO);
3943 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_WRONLY;
3944 IoOFP(io) = IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stdout();
3946 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("stdout",TRUE, SVt_PV);
3948 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc(io);
3950 PL_stderrgv = gv_fetchpv("STDERR",TRUE, SVt_PVIO);
3951 GvMULTI_on(PL_stderrgv);
3952 io = GvIOp(PL_stderrgv);
3953 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_WRONLY;
3954 IoOFP(io) = IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stderr();
3955 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("stderr",TRUE, SVt_PV);
3957 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc(io);
3959 PL_statname = NEWSV(66,0); /* last filename we did stat on */
3962 Safefree(PL_osname);
3963 PL_osname = savepv(OSNAME);
3967 Perl_init_argv_symbols(pTHX_ register int argc, register char **argv)
3970 argc--,argv++; /* skip name of script */
3971 if (PL_doswitches) {
3972 for (; argc > 0 && **argv == '-'; argc--,argv++) {
3975 if (argv[0][1] == '-' && !argv[0][2]) {
3979 if ((s = strchr(argv[0], '='))) {
3981 sv_setpv(GvSV(gv_fetchpv(argv[0]+1,TRUE, SVt_PV)),s);
3984 sv_setiv(GvSV(gv_fetchpv(argv[0]+1,TRUE, SVt_PV)),1);
3987 if ((PL_argvgv = gv_fetchpv("ARGV",TRUE, SVt_PVAV))) {
3988 GvMULTI_on(PL_argvgv);
3989 (void)gv_AVadd(PL_argvgv);
3990 av_clear(GvAVn(PL_argvgv));
3991 for (; argc > 0; argc--,argv++) {
3992 SV *sv = newSVpv(argv[0],0);
3993 av_push(GvAVn(PL_argvgv),sv);
3994 if (!(PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_LOCALE_FLAG) || PL_utf8locale) {
3995 if (PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_ARGV_FLAG)
3998 if (PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_WIDESYSCALLS_FLAG) /* Sarathy? */
3999 (void)sv_utf8_decode(sv);
4004 #ifdef HAS_PROCSELFEXE
4005 /* This is a function so that we don't hold on to MAXPATHLEN
4006 bytes of stack longer than necessary
4009 S_procself_val(pTHX_ SV *sv, char *arg0)
4011 char buf[MAXPATHLEN];
4012 int len = readlink(PROCSELFEXE_PATH, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);
4014 /* On Playstation2 Linux V1.0 (kernel 2.2.1) readlink(/proc/self/exe)
4015 includes a spurious NUL which will cause $^X to fail in system
4016 or backticks (this will prevent extensions from being built and
4017 many tests from working). readlink is not meant to add a NUL.
4018 Normal readlink works fine.
4020 if (len > 0 && buf[len-1] == '\0') {
4024 /* FreeBSD's implementation is acknowledged to be imperfect, sometimes
4025 returning the text "unknown" from the readlink rather than the path
4026 to the executable (or returning an error from the readlink). Any valid
4027 path has a '/' in it somewhere, so use that to validate the result.
4028 See http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/query-pr.cgi?pr=35703
4030 if (len > 0 && memchr(buf, '/', len)) {
4031 sv_setpvn(sv,buf,len);
4037 #endif /* HAS_PROCSELFEXE */
4040 S_init_postdump_symbols(pTHX_ register int argc, register char **argv, register char **env)
4046 PL_toptarget = NEWSV(0,0);
4047 sv_upgrade(PL_toptarget, SVt_PVFM);
4048 sv_setpvn(PL_toptarget, "", 0);
4049 PL_bodytarget = NEWSV(0,0);
4050 sv_upgrade(PL_bodytarget, SVt_PVFM);
4051 sv_setpvn(PL_bodytarget, "", 0);
4052 PL_formtarget = PL_bodytarget;
4056 init_argv_symbols(argc,argv);
4058 if ((tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("0",TRUE, SVt_PV))) {
4059 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4060 /* $0 is not majick on a Mac */
4061 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv),MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
4063 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv),PL_origfilename);
4064 magicname("0", "0", 1);
4067 if ((tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("\030",TRUE, SVt_PV))) {/* $^X */
4068 #ifdef HAS_PROCSELFEXE
4069 S_procself_val(aTHX_ GvSV(tmpgv), PL_origargv[0]);
4072 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv), os2_execname(aTHX));
4074 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv),PL_origargv[0]);
4078 if ((PL_envgv = gv_fetchpv("ENV",TRUE, SVt_PVHV))) {
4080 GvMULTI_on(PL_envgv);
4081 hv = GvHVn(PL_envgv);
4082 hv_magic(hv, Nullgv, PERL_MAGIC_env);
4084 #ifdef USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY
4085 /* Note that if the supplied env parameter is actually a copy
4086 of the global environ then it may now point to free'd memory
4087 if the environment has been modified since. To avoid this
4088 problem we treat env==NULL as meaning 'use the default'
4093 # ifdef USE_ITHREADS
4094 && PL_curinterp == aTHX
4098 environ[0] = Nullch;
4101 for (; *env; env++) {
4102 if (!(s = strchr(*env,'=')))
4104 #if defined(MSDOS) && !defined(DJGPP)
4109 sv = newSVpv(s+1, 0);
4110 (void)hv_store(hv, *env, s - *env, sv, 0);
4114 #endif /* USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY */
4115 #endif /* !PERL_MICRO */
4118 if ((tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("$",TRUE, SVt_PV))) {
4119 SvREADONLY_off(GvSV(tmpgv));
4120 sv_setiv(GvSV(tmpgv), (IV)PerlProc_getpid());
4121 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(tmpgv));
4123 #ifdef THREADS_HAVE_PIDS
4124 PL_ppid = (IV)getppid();
4127 /* touch @F array to prevent spurious warnings 20020415 MJD */
4129 (void) get_av("main::F", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4131 /* touch @- and @+ arrays to prevent spurious warnings 20020415 MJD */
4132 (void) get_av("main::-", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4133 (void) get_av("main::+", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4137 S_init_perllib(pTHX)
4142 s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL5LIB");
4144 incpush(s, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4146 incpush(PerlEnv_getenv("PERLLIB"), FALSE, FALSE, TRUE);
4148 /* Treat PERL5?LIB as a possible search list logical name -- the
4149 * "natural" VMS idiom for a Unix path string. We allow each
4150 * element to be a set of |-separated directories for compatibility.
4154 if (my_trnlnm("PERL5LIB",buf,0))
4155 do { incpush(buf,TRUE,TRUE,TRUE); } while (my_trnlnm("PERL5LIB",buf,++idx));
4157 while (my_trnlnm("PERLLIB",buf,idx++)) incpush(buf,FALSE,FALSE,TRUE);
4161 /* Use the ~-expanded versions of APPLLIB (undocumented),
4162 ARCHLIB PRIVLIB SITEARCH SITELIB VENDORARCH and VENDORLIB
4165 incpush(APPLLIB_EXP, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4169 incpush(ARCHLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE);
4171 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4174 SV * privdir = NEWSV(55, 0);
4175 char * macperl = PerlEnv_getenv("MACPERL");
4180 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ privdir, "%slib:", macperl);
4181 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(privdir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 && S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode))
4182 incpush(SvPVX(privdir), TRUE, FALSE, TRUE);
4183 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ privdir, "%ssite_perl:", macperl);
4184 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(privdir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 && S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode))
4185 incpush(SvPVX(privdir), TRUE, FALSE, TRUE);
4187 SvREFCNT_dec(privdir);
4190 incpush(":", FALSE, FALSE, TRUE);
4193 # define PRIVLIB_EXP "/usr/local/lib/perl5:/usr/local/lib/perl"
4196 incpush(PRIVLIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE);
4198 incpush(PRIVLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE);
4202 /* sitearch is always relative to sitelib on Windows for
4203 * DLL-based path intuition to work correctly */
4204 # if !defined(WIN32)
4205 incpush(SITEARCH_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE);
4211 /* this picks up sitearch as well */
4212 incpush(SITELIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE);
4214 incpush(SITELIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE);
4218 #ifdef SITELIB_STEM /* Search for version-specific dirs below here */
4219 incpush(SITELIB_STEM, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4222 #ifdef PERL_VENDORARCH_EXP
4223 /* vendorarch is always relative to vendorlib on Windows for
4224 * DLL-based path intuition to work correctly */
4225 # if !defined(WIN32)
4226 incpush(PERL_VENDORARCH_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE);
4230 #ifdef PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP
4232 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE); /* this picks up vendorarch as well */
4234 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE);
4238 #ifdef PERL_VENDORLIB_STEM /* Search for version-specific dirs below here */
4239 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_STEM, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4242 #ifdef PERL_OTHERLIBDIRS
4243 incpush(PERL_OTHERLIBDIRS, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4247 incpush(".", FALSE, FALSE, TRUE);
4248 #endif /* MACOS_TRADITIONAL */
4251 #if defined(DOSISH) || defined(EPOC)
4252 # define PERLLIB_SEP ';'
4255 # define PERLLIB_SEP '|'
4257 # if defined(MACOS_TRADITIONAL)
4258 # define PERLLIB_SEP ','
4260 # define PERLLIB_SEP ':'
4264 #ifndef PERLLIB_MANGLE
4265 # define PERLLIB_MANGLE(s,n) (s)
4269 S_incpush(pTHX_ char *p, int addsubdirs, int addoldvers, int usesep)
4271 SV *subdir = Nullsv;
4276 if (addsubdirs || addoldvers) {
4277 subdir = sv_newmortal();
4280 /* Break at all separators */
4282 SV *libdir = NEWSV(55,0);
4285 /* skip any consecutive separators */
4287 while ( *p == PERLLIB_SEP ) {
4288 /* Uncomment the next line for PATH semantics */
4289 /* av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), newSVpvn(".", 1)); */
4294 if ( usesep && (s = strchr(p, PERLLIB_SEP)) != Nullch ) {
4295 sv_setpvn(libdir, PERLLIB_MANGLE(p, (STRLEN)(s - p)),
4300 sv_setpv(libdir, PERLLIB_MANGLE(p, 0));
4301 p = Nullch; /* break out */
4303 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4304 if (!strchr(SvPVX(libdir), ':')) {
4307 sv_setpv(libdir, MacPerl_CanonDir(SvPVX(libdir), buf, 0));
4309 if (SvPVX(libdir)[SvCUR(libdir)-1] != ':')
4310 sv_catpv(libdir, ":");
4314 * BEFORE pushing libdir onto @INC we may first push version- and
4315 * archname-specific sub-directories.
4317 if (addsubdirs || addoldvers) {
4318 #ifdef PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST
4319 /* Configure terminates PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST with a NULL */
4320 const char *incverlist[] = { PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST };
4321 const char **incver;
4328 if ((unix = tounixspec_ts(SvPV(libdir,len),Nullch)) != Nullch) {
4330 while (unix[len-1] == '/') len--; /* Cosmetic */
4331 sv_usepvn(libdir,unix,len);
4334 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log,
4335 "Failed to unixify @INC element \"%s\"\n",
4339 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4340 #define PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT ""
4341 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT "%s:"
4342 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_FS_VER_FMT PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT
4344 #define PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT "/"
4345 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT "/%s"
4346 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT PERL_FS_VER_FMT
4348 /* .../version/archname if -d .../version/archname */
4349 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_ARCH_FMT,
4351 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
4352 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION, ARCHNAME);
4353 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(subdir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 &&
4354 S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode))
4355 av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), newSVsv(subdir));
4357 /* .../version if -d .../version */
4358 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH, libdir,
4359 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
4360 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION);
4361 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(subdir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 &&
4362 S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode))
4363 av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), newSVsv(subdir));
4365 /* .../archname if -d .../archname */
4366 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT, libdir, ARCHNAME);
4367 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(subdir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 &&
4368 S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode))
4369 av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), newSVsv(subdir));
4372 #ifdef PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST
4374 for (incver = incverlist; *incver; incver++) {
4375 /* .../xxx if -d .../xxx */
4376 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT, libdir, *incver);
4377 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(subdir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 &&
4378 S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode))
4379 av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), newSVsv(subdir));
4385 /* finally push this lib directory on the end of @INC */
4386 av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), libdir);
4390 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
4391 STATIC struct perl_thread *
4392 S_init_main_thread(pTHX)
4394 #if !defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
4395 struct perl_thread *thr;
4399 Newz(53, thr, 1, struct perl_thread);
4400 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
4401 thr->interp = PERL_GET_INTERP;
4402 thr->cvcache = newHV();
4403 thr->threadsv = newAV();
4404 /* thr->threadsvp is set when find_threadsv is called */
4405 thr->specific = newAV();
4406 thr->flags = THRf_R_JOINABLE;
4407 MUTEX_INIT(&thr->mutex);
4408 /* Handcraft thrsv similarly to mess_sv */
4409 New(53, PL_thrsv, 1, SV);
4410 Newz(53, xpv, 1, XPV);
4411 SvFLAGS(PL_thrsv) = SVt_PV;
4412 SvANY(PL_thrsv) = (void*)xpv;
4413 SvREFCNT(PL_thrsv) = 1 << 30; /* practically infinite */
4414 SvPVX(PL_thrsv) = (char*)thr;
4415 SvCUR_set(PL_thrsv, sizeof(thr));
4416 SvLEN_set(PL_thrsv, sizeof(thr));
4417 *SvEND(PL_thrsv) = '\0'; /* in the trailing_nul field */
4418 thr->oursv = PL_thrsv;
4419 PL_chopset = " \n-";
4422 MUTEX_LOCK(&PL_threads_mutex);
4428 MUTEX_UNLOCK(&PL_threads_mutex);
4430 #ifdef HAVE_THREAD_INTERN
4431 Perl_init_thread_intern(thr);
4434 #ifdef SET_THREAD_SELF
4435 SET_THREAD_SELF(thr);
4437 thr->self = pthread_self();
4438 #endif /* SET_THREAD_SELF */
4442 * These must come after the thread self setting
4443 * because sv_setpvn does SvTAINT and the taint
4444 * fields thread selfness being set.
4446 PL_toptarget = NEWSV(0,0);
4447 sv_upgrade(PL_toptarget, SVt_PVFM);
4448 sv_setpvn(PL_toptarget, "", 0);
4449 PL_bodytarget = NEWSV(0,0);
4450 sv_upgrade(PL_bodytarget, SVt_PVFM);
4451 sv_setpvn(PL_bodytarget, "", 0);
4452 PL_formtarget = PL_bodytarget;
4453 thr->errsv = newSVpvn("", 0);
4454 (void) find_threadsv("@"); /* Ensure $@ is initialised early */
4457 PL_peepp = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_peep);
4458 PL_regcompp = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_pregcomp);
4459 PL_regexecp = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_regexec_flags);
4460 PL_regint_start = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_re_intuit_start);
4461 PL_regint_string = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_re_intuit_string);
4462 PL_regfree = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_pregfree);
4464 PL_reginterp_cnt = 0;
4468 #endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
4471 Perl_call_list(pTHX_ I32 oldscope, AV *paramList)
4474 line_t oldline = CopLINE(PL_curcop);
4480 while (AvFILL(paramList) >= 0) {
4481 cv = (CV*)av_shift(paramList);
4483 if (paramList == PL_beginav) {
4484 /* save PL_beginav for compiler */
4485 if (! PL_beginav_save)
4486 PL_beginav_save = newAV();
4487 av_push(PL_beginav_save, (SV*)cv);
4489 else if (paramList == PL_checkav) {
4490 /* save PL_checkav for compiler */
4491 if (! PL_checkav_save)
4492 PL_checkav_save = newAV();
4493 av_push(PL_checkav_save, (SV*)cv);
4498 #ifdef PERL_FLEXIBLE_EXCEPTIONS
4499 CALLPROTECT(aTHX_ pcur_env, &ret, MEMBER_TO_FPTR(S_vcall_list_body), cv);
4505 #ifndef PERL_FLEXIBLE_EXCEPTIONS
4509 (void)SvPV(atsv, len);
4511 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
4512 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
4513 if (paramList == PL_beginav)
4514 sv_catpv(atsv, "BEGIN failed--compilation aborted");
4516 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ atsv,
4517 "%s failed--call queue aborted",
4518 paramList == PL_checkav ? "CHECK"
4519 : paramList == PL_initav ? "INIT"
4521 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
4524 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%"SVf"", atsv);
4531 /* my_exit() was called */
4532 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
4535 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
4536 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
4537 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
4539 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED)) {
4540 if (paramList == PL_beginav)
4541 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "BEGIN failed--compilation aborted");
4543 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s failed--call queue aborted",
4544 paramList == PL_checkav ? "CHECK"
4545 : paramList == PL_initav ? "INIT"
4552 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
4553 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
4556 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: restartop\n");
4564 #ifdef PERL_FLEXIBLE_EXCEPTIONS
4566 S_vcall_list_body(pTHX_ va_list args)
4568 CV *cv = va_arg(args, CV*);
4569 return call_list_body(cv);
4574 S_call_list_body(pTHX_ CV *cv)
4576 PUSHMARK(PL_stack_sp);
4577 call_sv((SV*)cv, G_EVAL|G_DISCARD);
4582 Perl_my_exit(pTHX_ U32 status)
4584 DEBUG_S(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "my_exit: thread %p, status %lu\n",
4585 thr, (unsigned long) status));
4594 STATUS_NATIVE_SET(status);
4601 Perl_my_failure_exit(pTHX)
4604 if (vaxc$errno & 1) {
4605 if (STATUS_NATIVE & 1) /* fortuitiously includes "-1" */
4606 STATUS_NATIVE_SET(44);
4609 if (!vaxc$errno) /* unlikely */
4610 STATUS_NATIVE_SET(44);
4612 STATUS_NATIVE_SET(vaxc$errno);
4617 STATUS_POSIX_SET(errno);
4619 exitstatus = STATUS_POSIX >> 8;
4620 if (exitstatus & 255)
4621 STATUS_POSIX_SET(exitstatus);
4623 STATUS_POSIX_SET(255);
4630 S_my_exit_jump(pTHX)
4632 register PERL_CONTEXT *cx;
4637 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
4638 PL_e_script = Nullsv;
4641 POPSTACK_TO(PL_mainstack);
4642 if (cxstack_ix >= 0) {
4645 POPBLOCK(cx,PL_curpm);
4653 read_e_script(pTHX_ int idx, SV *buf_sv, int maxlen)
4656 p = SvPVX(PL_e_script);
4657 nl = strchr(p, '\n');
4658 nl = (nl) ? nl+1 : SvEND(PL_e_script);
4660 filter_del(read_e_script);
4663 sv_catpvn(buf_sv, p, nl-p);
4664 sv_chop(PL_e_script, nl);