3 * Copyright (C) 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
4 * 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * "A ship then new they built for him/of mithril and of elven glass" --Bilbo
15 /* This file contains the top-level functions that are used to create, use
16 * and destroy a perl interpreter, plus the functions used by XS code to
17 * call back into perl. Note that it does not contain the actual main()
18 * function of the interpreter; that can be found in perlmain.c
23 * Be proud that perl(1) may proclaim:
24 * Setuid Perl scripts are safer than C programs ...
25 * Do not abandon (deprecate) suidperl. Do not advocate C wrappers.
27 * The flow was: perl starts, notices script is suid, execs suidperl with same
28 * arguments; suidperl opens script, checks many things, sets itself with
29 * right UID, execs perl with similar arguments but with script pre-opened on
30 * /dev/fd/xxx; perl checks script is as should be and does work. This was
31 * insecure: see perlsec(1) for many problems with this approach.
33 * The "correct" flow should be: perl starts, opens script and notices it is
34 * suid, checks many things, execs suidperl with similar arguments but with
35 * script on /dev/fd/xxx; suidperl checks script and /dev/fd/xxx object are
36 * same, checks arguments match #! line, sets itself with right UID, execs
37 * perl with same arguments; perl checks many things and does work.
39 * (Opening the script in perl instead of suidperl, we "lose" scripts that
40 * are readable to the target UID but not to the invoker. Where did
41 * unreadable scripts work anyway?)
43 * For now, suidperl and perl are pretty much the same large and cumbersome
44 * program, so suidperl can check its argument list (see comments elsewhere).
47 * Original bug report:
48 * http://bugs.perl.org/index.html?req=bug_id&bug_id=20010322.218
49 * http://rt.perl.org/rt2/Ticket/Display.html?id=6511
50 * Comments and discussion with Debian:
51 * http://bugs.debian.org/203426
52 * http://bugs.debian.org/220486
53 * Debian Security Advisory DSA 431-1 (does not fully fix problem):
54 * http://www.debian.org/security/2004/dsa-431
56 * http://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CAN-2003-0618
57 * Previous versions of this patch sent to perl5-porters:
58 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg71953.html
59 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75245.html
60 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75563.html
61 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75635.html
63 Paul Szabo - psz@maths.usyd.edu.au http://www.maths.usyd.edu.au:8000/u/psz/
64 School of Mathematics and Statistics University of Sydney 2006 Australia
68 * Use truthful, neat, specific error messages.
69 * Cannot always hide the truth; security must not depend on doing so.
73 * Use global(?), thread-local fdscript for easier checks.
74 * (I do not understand how we could possibly get a thread race:
75 * do not all threads go through the same initialization? Or in
76 * fact, are not threads started only after we get the script and
77 * so know what to do? Oh well, make things super-safe...)
81 #define PERL_IN_PERL_C
83 #include "patchlevel.h" /* for local_patches */
87 char *nw_get_sitelib(const char *pl);
90 /* XXX If this causes problems, set i_unistd=undef in the hint file. */
95 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
97 # include <sys/wait.h>
100 # include <sys/uio.h>
105 char control[CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(int))];
122 #if !defined(STANDARD_C) && !defined(HAS_GETENV_PROTOTYPE) && !defined(PERL_MICRO)
123 char *getenv (char *); /* Usually in <stdlib.h> */
126 static I32 read_e_script(pTHX_ int idx, SV *buf_sv, int maxlen);
134 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
140 #define CALL_BODY_EVAL(myop) \
141 if (PL_op == (myop)) \
142 PL_op = Perl_pp_entereval(aTHX); \
146 #define CALL_BODY_SUB(myop) \
147 if (PL_op == (myop)) \
148 PL_op = Perl_pp_entersub(aTHX); \
152 #define CALL_LIST_BODY(cv) \
153 PUSHMARK(PL_stack_sp); \
154 call_sv((SV*)(cv), G_EVAL|G_DISCARD);
157 S_init_tls_and_interp(PerlInterpreter *my_perl)
161 PERL_SET_INTERP(my_perl);
162 #if defined(USE_ITHREADS)
165 PERL_SET_THX(my_perl);
168 MUTEX_INIT(&PL_dollarzero_mutex);
170 #ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
171 MUTEX_INIT(&PL_my_ctx_mutex);
174 #if defined(USE_ITHREADS)
177 /* This always happens for non-ithreads */
180 PERL_SET_THX(my_perl);
185 /* these implement the PERL_SYS_INIT, PERL_SYS_INIT3, PERL_SYS_TERM macros */
188 Perl_sys_init(int* argc, char*** argv)
191 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(argc); /* may not be used depending on _BODY macro */
192 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(argv);
193 PERL_SYS_INIT_BODY(argc, argv);
197 Perl_sys_init3(int* argc, char*** argv, char*** env)
200 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(argc); /* may not be used depending on _BODY macro */
201 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(argv);
202 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(env);
203 PERL_SYS_INIT3_BODY(argc, argv, env);
210 if (!PL_veto_cleanup) {
211 PERL_SYS_TERM_BODY();
216 #ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
218 perl_alloc_using(struct IPerlMem* ipM, struct IPerlMem* ipMS,
219 struct IPerlMem* ipMP, struct IPerlEnv* ipE,
220 struct IPerlStdIO* ipStd, struct IPerlLIO* ipLIO,
221 struct IPerlDir* ipD, struct IPerlSock* ipS,
222 struct IPerlProc* ipP)
224 PerlInterpreter *my_perl;
225 /* Newx() needs interpreter, so call malloc() instead */
226 my_perl = (PerlInterpreter*)(*ipM->pMalloc)(ipM, sizeof(PerlInterpreter));
227 S_init_tls_and_interp(my_perl);
228 Zero(my_perl, 1, PerlInterpreter);
238 INIT_TRACK_MEMPOOL(PL_memory_debug_header, my_perl);
245 =head1 Embedding Functions
247 =for apidoc perl_alloc
249 Allocates a new Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
257 PerlInterpreter *my_perl;
259 /* Newx() needs interpreter, so call malloc() instead */
260 my_perl = (PerlInterpreter*)PerlMem_malloc(sizeof(PerlInterpreter));
262 S_init_tls_and_interp(my_perl);
263 #ifndef PERL_TRACK_MEMPOOL
264 return (PerlInterpreter *) ZeroD(my_perl, 1, PerlInterpreter);
266 Zero(my_perl, 1, PerlInterpreter);
267 INIT_TRACK_MEMPOOL(PL_memory_debug_header, my_perl);
271 #endif /* PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS */
274 =for apidoc perl_construct
276 Initializes a new Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
282 perl_construct(pTHXx)
285 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(my_perl);
288 PL_perl_destruct_level = 1;
290 if (PL_perl_destruct_level > 0)
293 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling; /* needed by ckWARN, right away */
295 /* set read-only and try to insure than we wont see REFCNT==0
298 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_undef);
299 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_undef) = (~(U32)0)/2;
301 sv_setpv(&PL_sv_no,PL_No);
302 /* value lookup in void context - happens to have the side effect
303 of caching the numeric forms. However, as &PL_sv_no doesn't contain
304 a string that is a valid numer, we have to turn the public flags by
310 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_no);
311 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_no) = (~(U32)0)/2;
313 sv_setpv(&PL_sv_yes,PL_Yes);
316 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_yes);
317 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_yes) = (~(U32)0)/2;
319 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_placeholder);
320 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_placeholder) = (~(U32)0)/2;
322 PL_sighandlerp = (Sighandler_t) Perl_sighandler;
323 #ifdef PERL_USES_PL_PIDSTATUS
324 PL_pidstatus = newHV();
327 PL_rs = newSVpvs("\n");
337 SET_NUMERIC_STANDARD();
339 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
340 PL_localpatches = local_patches; /* For possible -v */
343 #ifdef HAVE_INTERP_INTERN
347 PerlIO_init(aTHX); /* Hook to IO system */
349 PL_fdpid = newAV(); /* for remembering popen pids by fd */
350 PL_modglobal = newHV(); /* pointers to per-interpreter module globals */
351 PL_errors = newSVpvs("");
352 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(0), "", 0); /* For regex debugging. */
353 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(1), "", 0); /* ext/re needs these */
354 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(2), "", 0); /* even without DEBUGGING. */
356 /* First entry is an array of empty elements */
357 Perl_av_create_and_push(aTHX_ &PL_regex_padav,(SV*)newAV());
358 PL_regex_pad = AvARRAY(PL_regex_padav);
360 #ifdef USE_REENTRANT_API
361 Perl_reentrant_init(aTHX);
364 /* Note that strtab is a rather special HV. Assumptions are made
365 about not iterating on it, and not adding tie magic to it.
366 It is properly deallocated in perl_destruct() */
369 HvSHAREKEYS_off(PL_strtab); /* mandatory */
370 hv_ksplit(PL_strtab, 512);
372 #if defined(__DYNAMIC__) && (defined(NeXT) || defined(__NeXT__))
373 _dyld_lookup_and_bind
374 ("__environ", (unsigned long *) &environ_pointer, NULL);
378 # ifdef USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY
379 PL_origenviron = environ;
383 /* Use sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK) if available, if not
384 * available or if the sysconf() fails, use the HZ.
385 * BeOS has those, but returns the wrong value.
386 * The HZ if not originally defined has been by now
387 * been defined as CLK_TCK, if available. */
388 #if defined(HAS_SYSCONF) && defined(_SC_CLK_TCK) && !defined(__BEOS__)
389 PL_clocktick = sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK);
390 if (PL_clocktick <= 0)
394 PL_stashcache = newHV();
396 PL_patchlevel = Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "v%d.%d.%d", (int)PERL_REVISION,
397 (int)PERL_VERSION, (int)PERL_SUBVERSION);
400 if (!PL_mmap_page_size) {
401 #if defined(HAS_SYSCONF) && (defined(_SC_PAGESIZE) || defined(_SC_MMAP_PAGE_SIZE))
403 SETERRNO(0, SS_NORMAL);
405 PL_mmap_page_size = sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE);
407 PL_mmap_page_size = sysconf(_SC_MMAP_PAGE_SIZE);
409 if ((long) PL_mmap_page_size < 0) {
411 SV * const error = ERRSV;
412 SvUPGRADE(error, SVt_PV);
413 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: sysconf: %s", SvPV_nolen_const(error));
416 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: sysconf: pagesize unknown");
420 # ifdef HAS_GETPAGESIZE
421 PL_mmap_page_size = getpagesize();
423 # if defined(I_SYS_PARAM) && defined(PAGESIZE)
424 PL_mmap_page_size = PAGESIZE; /* compiletime, bad */
428 if (PL_mmap_page_size <= 0)
429 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: bad pagesize %" IVdf,
430 (IV) PL_mmap_page_size);
432 #endif /* HAS_MMAP */
434 #if defined(HAS_TIMES) && defined(PERL_NEED_TIMESBASE)
435 PL_timesbase.tms_utime = 0;
436 PL_timesbase.tms_stime = 0;
437 PL_timesbase.tms_cutime = 0;
438 PL_timesbase.tms_cstime = 0;
445 =for apidoc nothreadhook
447 Stub that provides thread hook for perl_destruct when there are
454 Perl_nothreadhook(pTHX)
460 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
462 Perl_dump_sv_child(pTHX_ SV *sv)
465 const int sock = PL_dumper_fd;
466 const int debug_fd = PerlIO_fileno(Perl_debug_log);
467 union control_un control;
470 struct cmsghdr *cmptr;
472 unsigned char buffer[256];
474 if(sock == -1 || debug_fd == -1)
477 PerlIO_flush(Perl_debug_log);
479 /* All these shenanigans are to pass a file descriptor over to our child for
480 it to dump out to. We can't let it hold open the file descriptor when it
481 forks, as the file descriptor it will dump to can turn out to be one end
482 of pipe that some other process will wait on for EOF. (So as it would
483 be open, the wait would be forever.) */
485 msg.msg_control = control.control;
486 msg.msg_controllen = sizeof(control.control);
487 /* We're a connected socket so we don't need a destination */
493 cmptr = CMSG_FIRSTHDR(&msg);
494 cmptr->cmsg_len = CMSG_LEN(sizeof(int));
495 cmptr->cmsg_level = SOL_SOCKET;
496 cmptr->cmsg_type = SCM_RIGHTS;
497 *((int *)CMSG_DATA(cmptr)) = 1;
499 vec[0].iov_base = (void*)&sv;
500 vec[0].iov_len = sizeof(sv);
501 got = sendmsg(sock, &msg, 0);
504 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent sendmsg failed");
507 if(got < sizeof(sv)) {
508 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent short sendmsg");
512 /* Return protocol is
514 unsigned char: length of location string (0 for empty)
515 unsigned char*: string (not terminated)
517 vec[0].iov_base = (void*)&returned_errno;
518 vec[0].iov_len = sizeof(returned_errno);
519 vec[1].iov_base = buffer;
522 got = readv(sock, vec, 2);
525 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent read failed");
526 PerlIO_flush(PerlIO_stderr());
529 if(got < sizeof(returned_errno) + 1) {
530 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent short read");
531 PerlIO_flush(PerlIO_stderr());
536 got = read(sock, buffer + 1, *buffer);
538 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent read 2 failed");
539 PerlIO_flush(PerlIO_stderr());
544 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent short read 2");
545 PerlIO_flush(PerlIO_stderr());
550 if (returned_errno || *buffer) {
551 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "Debug leaking scalars child failed%s%.*s with errno"
552 " %d: %s", (*buffer ? " at " : ""), (int) *buffer, buffer + 1,
553 returned_errno, strerror(returned_errno));
559 =for apidoc perl_destruct
561 Shuts down a Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
570 VOL signed char destruct_level; /* see possible values in intrpvar.h */
572 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
576 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(my_perl);
578 /* wait for all pseudo-forked children to finish */
579 PERL_WAIT_FOR_CHILDREN;
581 destruct_level = PL_perl_destruct_level;
584 const char * const s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL");
586 const int i = atoi(s);
587 if (destruct_level < i)
593 if (PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_DESTRUCT_END) {
599 if (PL_endav && !PL_minus_c)
600 call_list(PL_scopestack_ix, PL_endav);
606 /* Need to flush since END blocks can produce output */
609 if (CALL_FPTR(PL_threadhook)(aTHX)) {
610 /* Threads hook has vetoed further cleanup */
611 PL_veto_cleanup = TRUE;
615 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
616 if (destruct_level != 0) {
617 /* Fork here to create a child. Our child's job is to preserve the
618 state of scalars prior to destruction, so that we can instruct it
619 to dump any scalars that we later find have leaked.
620 There's no subtlety in this code - it assumes POSIX, and it doesn't
624 if(socketpair(AF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, 0, fd)) {
625 perror("Debug leaking scalars socketpair failed");
631 perror("Debug leaking scalars fork failed");
635 /* We are the child */
636 const int sock = fd[1];
637 const int debug_fd = PerlIO_fileno(Perl_debug_log);
640 /* Our success message is an integer 0, and a char 0 */
641 static const char success[sizeof(int) + 1];
645 /* We need to close all other file descriptors otherwise we end up
646 with interesting hangs, where the parent closes its end of a
647 pipe, and sits waiting for (another) child to terminate. Only
648 that child never terminates, because it never gets EOF, because
649 we also have the far end of the pipe open. We even need to
650 close the debugging fd, because sometimes it happens to be one
651 end of a pipe, and a process is waiting on the other end for
652 EOF. Normally it would be closed at some point earlier in
653 destruction, but if we happen to cause the pipe to remain open,
654 EOF never occurs, and we get an infinite hang. Hence all the
655 games to pass in a file descriptor if it's actually needed. */
657 f = sysconf(_SC_OPEN_MAX);
659 where = "sysconf failed";
670 union control_un control;
673 struct cmsghdr *cmptr;
677 msg.msg_control = control.control;
678 msg.msg_controllen = sizeof(control.control);
679 /* We're a connected socket so we don't need a source */
683 msg.msg_iovlen = sizeof(vec)/sizeof(vec[0]);
685 vec[0].iov_base = (void*)⌖
686 vec[0].iov_len = sizeof(target);
688 got = recvmsg(sock, &msg, 0);
693 where = "recv failed";
696 if(got < sizeof(target)) {
697 where = "short recv";
701 if(!(cmptr = CMSG_FIRSTHDR(&msg))) {
705 if(cmptr->cmsg_len != CMSG_LEN(sizeof(int))) {
706 where = "wrong cmsg_len";
709 if(cmptr->cmsg_level != SOL_SOCKET) {
710 where = "wrong cmsg_level";
713 if(cmptr->cmsg_type != SCM_RIGHTS) {
714 where = "wrong cmsg_type";
718 got_fd = *(int*)CMSG_DATA(cmptr);
719 /* For our last little bit of trickery, put the file descriptor
720 back into Perl_debug_log, as if we never actually closed it
722 if(got_fd != debug_fd) {
723 if (dup2(got_fd, debug_fd) == -1) {
730 PerlIO_flush(Perl_debug_log);
732 got = write(sock, &success, sizeof(success));
735 where = "write failed";
738 if(got < sizeof(success)) {
739 where = "short write";
746 int send_errno = errno;
747 unsigned char length = (unsigned char) strlen(where);
748 struct iovec failure[3] = {
749 {(void*)&send_errno, sizeof(send_errno)},
751 {(void*)where, length}
753 int got = writev(sock, failure, 3);
754 /* Bad news travels fast. Faster than data. We'll get a SIGPIPE
755 in the parent if we try to read from the socketpair after the
756 child has exited, even if there was data to read.
757 So sleep a bit to give the parent a fighting chance of
760 _exit((got == -1) ? errno : 0);
764 PL_dumper_fd = fd[0];
769 /* We must account for everything. */
771 /* Destroy the main CV and syntax tree */
772 /* Do this now, because destroying ops can cause new SVs to be generated
773 in Perl_pad_swipe, and when running with -DDEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS they
774 PL_curcop to point to a valid op from which the filename structure
776 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
778 /* ensure comppad/curpad to refer to main's pad */
779 if (CvPADLIST(PL_main_cv)) {
780 PAD_SET_CUR_NOSAVE(CvPADLIST(PL_main_cv), 1);
782 op_free(PL_main_root);
785 PL_main_start = NULL;
786 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_main_cv);
790 /* Tell PerlIO we are about to tear things apart in case
791 we have layers which are using resources that should
795 PerlIO_destruct(aTHX);
797 if (PL_sv_objcount) {
799 * Try to destruct global references. We do this first so that the
800 * destructors and destructees still exist. Some sv's might remain.
801 * Non-referenced objects are on their own.
805 if (PL_defoutgv && !SvREFCNT(PL_defoutgv))
806 PL_defoutgv = NULL; /* may have been freed */
809 /* unhook hooks which will soon be, or use, destroyed data */
810 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_warnhook);
812 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_diehook);
815 /* call exit list functions */
816 while (PL_exitlistlen-- > 0)
817 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].fn(aTHX_ PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].ptr);
819 Safefree(PL_exitlist);
824 /* jettison our possibly duplicated environment */
825 /* if PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV is defined environ will not have been copied
826 * so we certainly shouldn't free it here
829 #if defined(USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY) && !defined(PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV)
830 if (environ != PL_origenviron && !PL_use_safe_putenv
832 /* only main thread can free environ[0] contents */
833 && PL_curinterp == aTHX
839 for (i = 0; environ[i]; i++)
840 safesysfree(environ[i]);
842 /* Must use safesysfree() when working with environ. */
843 safesysfree(environ);
845 environ = PL_origenviron;
848 #endif /* !PERL_MICRO */
850 if (destruct_level == 0) {
852 DEBUG_P(debprofdump());
854 #if defined(PERLIO_LAYERS)
855 /* No more IO - including error messages ! */
856 PerlIO_cleanup(aTHX);
859 CopFILE_free(&PL_compiling);
860 CopSTASH_free(&PL_compiling);
862 /* The exit() function will do everything that needs doing. */
866 /* reset so print() ends up where we expect */
870 /* the syntax tree is shared between clones
871 * so op_free(PL_main_root) only ReREFCNT_dec's
872 * REGEXPs in the parent interpreter
873 * we need to manually ReREFCNT_dec for the clones
876 I32 i = AvFILLp(PL_regex_padav) + 1;
877 SV * const * const ary = AvARRAY(PL_regex_padav);
880 SV * const resv = ary[--i];
882 if (SvFLAGS(resv) & SVf_BREAK) {
883 /* this is PL_reg_curpm, already freed
884 * flag is set in regexec.c:S_regtry
886 SvFLAGS(resv) &= ~SVf_BREAK;
887 /* So stop it pointing to what is now a dead reference. */
892 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_regex_padav);
893 PL_regex_padav = NULL;
897 SvREFCNT_dec((SV*) PL_stashcache);
898 PL_stashcache = NULL;
900 /* loosen bonds of global variables */
902 /* XXX can PL_parser still be non-null here? */
903 if(PL_parser && PL_parser->rsfp) {
904 (void)PerlIO_close(PL_parser->rsfp);
905 PL_parser->rsfp = NULL;
909 Safefree(PL_splitstr);
914 PL_preprocess = FALSE;
920 PL_doswitches = FALSE;
921 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_OFF;
922 PL_doextract = FALSE;
923 PL_sawampersand = FALSE; /* must save all match strings */
926 Safefree(PL_inplace);
928 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_patchlevel);
931 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
937 /* magical thingies */
939 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ofs_sv); /* $, */
942 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ors_sv); /* $\ */
945 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rs); /* $/ */
948 Safefree(PL_osname); /* $^O */
951 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_statname);
955 /* defgv, aka *_ should be taken care of elsewhere */
957 /* clean up after study() */
958 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_lastscream);
959 PL_lastscream = NULL;
960 Safefree(PL_screamfirst);
962 Safefree(PL_screamnext);
966 Safefree(PL_efloatbuf);
970 /* startup and shutdown function lists */
971 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_beginav);
972 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_beginav_save);
973 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_endav);
974 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_checkav);
975 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_checkav_save);
976 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_unitcheckav);
977 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_unitcheckav_save);
978 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_initav);
980 PL_beginav_save = NULL;
983 PL_checkav_save = NULL;
984 PL_unitcheckav = NULL;
985 PL_unitcheckav_save = NULL;
988 /* shortcuts just get cleared */
997 PL_last_in_gv = NULL;
1009 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_argvout_stack);
1010 PL_argvout_stack = NULL;
1012 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_modglobal);
1013 PL_modglobal = NULL;
1014 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_preambleav);
1015 PL_preambleav = NULL;
1016 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_subname);
1018 #ifdef PERL_USES_PL_PIDSTATUS
1019 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_pidstatus);
1020 PL_pidstatus = NULL;
1022 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_toptarget);
1023 PL_toptarget = NULL;
1024 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_bodytarget);
1025 PL_bodytarget = NULL;
1026 PL_formtarget = NULL;
1028 /* free locale stuff */
1029 #ifdef USE_LOCALE_COLLATE
1030 Safefree(PL_collation_name);
1031 PL_collation_name = NULL;
1034 #ifdef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC
1035 Safefree(PL_numeric_name);
1036 PL_numeric_name = NULL;
1037 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_numeric_radix_sv);
1038 PL_numeric_radix_sv = NULL;
1041 /* clear utf8 character classes */
1042 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alnum);
1043 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alnumc);
1044 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_ascii);
1045 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alpha);
1046 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_space);
1047 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_cntrl);
1048 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_graph);
1049 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_digit);
1050 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_upper);
1051 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_lower);
1052 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_print);
1053 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_punct);
1054 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_xdigit);
1055 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_mark);
1056 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_toupper);
1057 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_totitle);
1058 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_tolower);
1059 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_tofold);
1060 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_idstart);
1061 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_idcont);
1062 PL_utf8_alnum = NULL;
1063 PL_utf8_alnumc = NULL;
1064 PL_utf8_ascii = NULL;
1065 PL_utf8_alpha = NULL;
1066 PL_utf8_space = NULL;
1067 PL_utf8_cntrl = NULL;
1068 PL_utf8_graph = NULL;
1069 PL_utf8_digit = NULL;
1070 PL_utf8_upper = NULL;
1071 PL_utf8_lower = NULL;
1072 PL_utf8_print = NULL;
1073 PL_utf8_punct = NULL;
1074 PL_utf8_xdigit = NULL;
1075 PL_utf8_mark = NULL;
1076 PL_utf8_toupper = NULL;
1077 PL_utf8_totitle = NULL;
1078 PL_utf8_tolower = NULL;
1079 PL_utf8_tofold = NULL;
1080 PL_utf8_idstart = NULL;
1081 PL_utf8_idcont = NULL;
1083 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
1084 PerlMemShared_free(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
1085 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = NULL;
1086 Perl_refcounted_he_free(aTHX_ PL_compiling.cop_hints_hash);
1087 PL_compiling.cop_hints_hash = NULL;
1088 CopFILE_free(&PL_compiling);
1089 CopSTASH_free(&PL_compiling);
1091 /* Prepare to destruct main symbol table. */
1096 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_curstname);
1097 PL_curstname = NULL;
1099 /* clear queued errors */
1100 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_errors);
1103 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_isarev);
1106 if (destruct_level >= 2 && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL)) {
1107 if (PL_scopestack_ix != 0)
1108 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
1109 "Unbalanced scopes: %ld more ENTERs than LEAVEs\n",
1110 (long)PL_scopestack_ix);
1111 if (PL_savestack_ix != 0)
1112 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
1113 "Unbalanced saves: %ld more saves than restores\n",
1114 (long)PL_savestack_ix);
1115 if (PL_tmps_floor != -1)
1116 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Unbalanced tmps: %ld more allocs than frees\n",
1117 (long)PL_tmps_floor + 1);
1118 if (cxstack_ix != -1)
1119 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Unbalanced context: %ld more PUSHes than POPs\n",
1120 (long)cxstack_ix + 1);
1123 /* Now absolutely destruct everything, somehow or other, loops or no. */
1124 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) |= SVTYPEMASK; /* don't clean out pid table now */
1125 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) |= SVTYPEMASK; /* don't clean out strtab now */
1127 /* the 2 is for PL_fdpid and PL_strtab */
1128 while (PL_sv_count > 2 && sv_clean_all())
1131 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) &= ~SVTYPEMASK;
1132 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) |= SVt_PVAV;
1133 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) &= ~SVTYPEMASK;
1134 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) |= SVt_PVHV;
1136 AvREAL_off(PL_fdpid); /* no surviving entries */
1137 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_fdpid); /* needed in io_close() */
1140 #ifdef HAVE_INTERP_INTERN
1144 /* Destruct the global string table. */
1146 /* Yell and reset the HeVAL() slots that are still holding refcounts,
1147 * so that sv_free() won't fail on them.
1148 * Now that the global string table is using a single hunk of memory
1149 * for both HE and HEK, we either need to explicitly unshare it the
1150 * correct way, or actually free things here.
1153 const I32 max = HvMAX(PL_strtab);
1154 HE * const * const array = HvARRAY(PL_strtab);
1155 HE *hent = array[0];
1158 if (hent && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL)) {
1159 HE * const next = HeNEXT(hent);
1160 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
1161 "Unbalanced string table refcount: (%ld) for \"%s\"",
1162 (long)hent->he_valu.hent_refcount, HeKEY(hent));
1169 hent = array[riter];
1174 HvARRAY(PL_strtab) = 0;
1175 HvTOTALKEYS(PL_strtab) = 0;
1176 HvFILL(PL_strtab) = 0;
1178 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_strtab);
1181 /* free the pointer tables used for cloning */
1182 ptr_table_free(PL_ptr_table);
1183 PL_ptr_table = (PTR_TBL_t*)NULL;
1186 /* free special SVs */
1188 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_yes) = 0;
1189 sv_clear(&PL_sv_yes);
1190 SvANY(&PL_sv_yes) = NULL;
1191 SvFLAGS(&PL_sv_yes) = 0;
1193 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_no) = 0;
1194 sv_clear(&PL_sv_no);
1195 SvANY(&PL_sv_no) = NULL;
1196 SvFLAGS(&PL_sv_no) = 0;
1200 for (i=0; i<=2; i++) {
1201 SvREFCNT(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = 0;
1202 sv_clear(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i));
1203 SvANY(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = NULL;
1204 SvFLAGS(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = 0;
1208 if (PL_sv_count != 0 && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
1209 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Scalars leaked: %ld\n", (long)PL_sv_count);
1211 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS
1212 if (PL_sv_count != 0) {
1217 for (sva = PL_sv_arenaroot; sva; sva = (SV*)SvANY(sva)) {
1218 svend = &sva[SvREFCNT(sva)];
1219 for (sv = sva + 1; sv < svend; ++sv) {
1220 if (SvTYPE(sv) != SVTYPEMASK) {
1221 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "leaked: sv=0x%p"
1223 " refcnt=%"UVuf pTHX__FORMAT "\n"
1224 "\tallocated at %s:%d %s %s%s\n",
1225 (void*)sv, sv->sv_flags, sv->sv_refcnt pTHX__VALUE,
1226 sv->sv_debug_file ? sv->sv_debug_file : "(unknown)",
1228 sv->sv_debug_inpad ? "for" : "by",
1229 sv->sv_debug_optype ?
1230 PL_op_name[sv->sv_debug_optype]: "(none)",
1231 sv->sv_debug_cloned ? " (cloned)" : ""
1233 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
1234 Perl_dump_sv_child(aTHX_ sv);
1240 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
1244 /* Wait for up to 4 seconds for child to terminate.
1245 This seems to be the least effort way of timing out on reaping
1247 struct timeval waitfor = {4, 0};
1248 int sock = PL_dumper_fd;
1252 FD_SET(sock, &rset);
1253 select(sock + 1, &rset, NULL, NULL, &waitfor);
1254 waitpid(child, &status, WNOHANG);
1261 #ifdef PERL_DEBUG_READONLY_OPS
1267 #if defined(PERLIO_LAYERS)
1268 /* No more IO - including error messages ! */
1269 PerlIO_cleanup(aTHX);
1272 /* sv_undef needs to stay immortal until after PerlIO_cleanup
1273 as currently layers use it rather than NULL as a marker
1274 for no arg - and will try and SvREFCNT_dec it.
1276 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_undef) = 0;
1277 SvREADONLY_off(&PL_sv_undef);
1279 Safefree(PL_origfilename);
1280 PL_origfilename = NULL;
1281 Safefree(PL_reg_start_tmp);
1282 PL_reg_start_tmp = (char**)NULL;
1283 PL_reg_start_tmpl = 0;
1284 Safefree(PL_reg_curpm);
1285 Safefree(PL_reg_poscache);
1286 free_tied_hv_pool();
1287 Safefree(PL_op_mask);
1288 Safefree(PL_psig_ptr);
1289 PL_psig_ptr = (SV**)NULL;
1290 Safefree(PL_psig_name);
1291 PL_psig_name = (SV**)NULL;
1292 Safefree(PL_bitcount);
1294 Safefree(PL_psig_pend);
1295 PL_psig_pend = (int*)NULL;
1298 PL_tainting = FALSE;
1299 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
1300 PL_hints = 0; /* Reset hints. Should hints be per-interpreter ? */
1303 DEBUG_P(debprofdump());
1305 #ifdef USE_REENTRANT_API
1306 Perl_reentrant_free(aTHX);
1311 while (PL_regmatch_slab) {
1312 regmatch_slab *s = PL_regmatch_slab;
1313 PL_regmatch_slab = PL_regmatch_slab->next;
1317 /* As the absolutely last thing, free the non-arena SV for mess() */
1320 /* we know that type == SVt_PVMG */
1322 /* it could have accumulated taint magic */
1325 for (mg = SvMAGIC(PL_mess_sv); mg; mg = moremagic) {
1326 moremagic = mg->mg_moremagic;
1327 if (mg->mg_ptr && mg->mg_type != PERL_MAGIC_regex_global
1329 Safefree(mg->mg_ptr);
1333 /* we know that type >= SVt_PV */
1334 SvPV_free(PL_mess_sv);
1335 Safefree(SvANY(PL_mess_sv));
1336 Safefree(PL_mess_sv);
1343 =for apidoc perl_free
1345 Releases a Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
1355 if (PL_veto_cleanup)
1358 #ifdef PERL_TRACK_MEMPOOL
1361 * Don't free thread memory if PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL is set to a non-zero
1362 * value as we're probably hunting memory leaks then
1364 const char * const s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL");
1365 if (!s || atoi(s) == 0) {
1366 /* Emulate the PerlHost behaviour of free()ing all memory allocated in this
1367 thread at thread exit. */
1368 while(aTHXx->Imemory_debug_header.next != &(aTHXx->Imemory_debug_header))
1369 safesysfree(sTHX + (char *)(aTHXx->Imemory_debug_header.next));
1374 #if defined(WIN32) || defined(NETWARE)
1375 # if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS)
1378 void *host = nw_internal_host;
1380 void *host = w32_internal_host;
1382 PerlMem_free(aTHXx);
1384 nw_delete_internal_host(host);
1386 win32_delete_internal_host(host);
1390 PerlMem_free(aTHXx);
1393 PerlMem_free(aTHXx);
1397 #if defined(USE_ITHREADS)
1398 /* provide destructors to clean up the thread key when libperl is unloaded */
1399 #ifndef WIN32 /* handled during DLL_PROCESS_DETACH in win32/perllib.c */
1401 #if defined(__hpux) && !(defined(__ux_version) && __ux_version <= 1020) && !defined(__GNUC__)
1402 #pragma fini "perl_fini"
1403 #elif defined(__sun) && !defined(__GNUC__)
1404 #pragma fini (perl_fini)
1408 #if defined(__GNUC__)
1409 __attribute__((destructor))
1414 if (PL_curinterp && !PL_veto_cleanup)
1419 #endif /* THREADS */
1422 Perl_call_atexit(pTHX_ ATEXIT_t fn, void *ptr)
1425 Renew(PL_exitlist, PL_exitlistlen+1, PerlExitListEntry);
1426 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].fn = fn;
1427 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].ptr = ptr;
1431 #ifdef HAS_PROCSELFEXE
1432 /* This is a function so that we don't hold on to MAXPATHLEN
1433 bytes of stack longer than necessary
1436 S_procself_val(pTHX_ SV *sv, const char *arg0)
1438 char buf[MAXPATHLEN];
1439 int len = readlink(PROCSELFEXE_PATH, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);
1441 /* On Playstation2 Linux V1.0 (kernel 2.2.1) readlink(/proc/self/exe)
1442 includes a spurious NUL which will cause $^X to fail in system
1443 or backticks (this will prevent extensions from being built and
1444 many tests from working). readlink is not meant to add a NUL.
1445 Normal readlink works fine.
1447 if (len > 0 && buf[len-1] == '\0') {
1451 /* FreeBSD's implementation is acknowledged to be imperfect, sometimes
1452 returning the text "unknown" from the readlink rather than the path
1453 to the executable (or returning an error from the readlink). Any valid
1454 path has a '/' in it somewhere, so use that to validate the result.
1455 See http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/query-pr.cgi?pr=35703
1457 if (len > 0 && memchr(buf, '/', len)) {
1458 sv_setpvn(sv,buf,len);
1464 #endif /* HAS_PROCSELFEXE */
1467 S_set_caret_X(pTHX) {
1469 GV* tmpgv = gv_fetchpvs("\030", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV); /* $^X */
1471 #ifdef HAS_PROCSELFEXE
1472 S_procself_val(aTHX_ GvSV(tmpgv), PL_origargv[0]);
1475 sv_setpv(GvSVn(tmpgv), os2_execname(aTHX));
1477 sv_setpv(GvSVn(tmpgv),PL_origargv[0]);
1484 =for apidoc perl_parse
1486 Tells a Perl interpreter to parse a Perl script. See L<perlembed>.
1492 perl_parse(pTHXx_ XSINIT_t xsinit, int argc, char **argv, char **env)
1499 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(my_perl);
1501 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
1504 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "suidperl is no longer needed since the kernel can now execute\n\
1505 setuid perl scripts securely.\n");
1506 #endif /* IAMSUID */
1509 #if defined(USE_HASH_SEED) || defined(USE_HASH_SEED_EXPLICIT)
1510 /* [perl #22371] Algorimic Complexity Attack on Perl 5.6.1, 5.8.0
1511 * This MUST be done before any hash stores or fetches take place.
1512 * If you set PL_rehash_seed (and assumedly also PL_rehash_seed_set)
1513 * yourself, it is your responsibility to provide a good random seed!
1514 * You can also define PERL_HASH_SEED in compile time, see hv.h. */
1515 if (!PL_rehash_seed_set)
1516 PL_rehash_seed = get_hash_seed();
1518 const char * const s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_HASH_SEED_DEBUG");
1520 if (s && (atoi(s) == 1))
1521 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "HASH_SEED = %"UVuf"\n", PL_rehash_seed);
1523 #endif /* #if defined(USE_HASH_SEED) || defined(USE_HASH_SEED_EXPLICIT) */
1528 if (PL_origalen != 0) {
1529 PL_origalen = 1; /* don't use old PL_origalen if perl_parse() is called again */
1532 /* Set PL_origalen be the sum of the contiguous argv[]
1533 * elements plus the size of the env in case that it is
1534 * contiguous with the argv[]. This is used in mg.c:Perl_magic_set()
1535 * as the maximum modifiable length of $0. In the worst case
1536 * the area we are able to modify is limited to the size of
1537 * the original argv[0]. (See below for 'contiguous', though.)
1539 const char *s = NULL;
1542 ~(UV)(PTRSIZE == 4 ? 3 : PTRSIZE == 8 ? 7 : PTRSIZE == 16 ? 15 : 0);
1543 /* Do the mask check only if the args seem like aligned. */
1545 (mask < ~(UV)0) && ((PTR2UV(argv[0]) & mask) == PTR2UV(argv[0]));
1547 /* See if all the arguments are contiguous in memory. Note
1548 * that 'contiguous' is a loose term because some platforms
1549 * align the argv[] and the envp[]. If the arguments look
1550 * like non-aligned, assume that they are 'strictly' or
1551 * 'traditionally' contiguous. If the arguments look like
1552 * aligned, we just check that they are within aligned
1553 * PTRSIZE bytes. As long as no system has something bizarre
1554 * like the argv[] interleaved with some other data, we are
1555 * fine. (Did I just evoke Murphy's Law?) --jhi */
1556 if (PL_origargv && PL_origargc >= 1 && (s = PL_origargv[0])) {
1558 for (i = 1; i < PL_origargc; i++) {
1559 if ((PL_origargv[i] == s + 1
1561 || PL_origargv[i] == s + 2
1566 (PL_origargv[i] > s &&
1568 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1579 #ifndef PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV
1580 /* Can we grab env area too to be used as the area for $0? */
1581 if (s && PL_origenviron && !PL_use_safe_putenv) {
1582 if ((PL_origenviron[0] == s + 1)
1585 (PL_origenviron[0] > s &&
1586 PL_origenviron[0] <=
1587 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1590 #ifndef OS2 /* ENVIRON is read by the kernel too. */
1591 s = PL_origenviron[0];
1594 my_setenv("NoNe SuCh", NULL);
1595 /* Force copy of environment. */
1596 for (i = 1; PL_origenviron[i]; i++) {
1597 if (PL_origenviron[i] == s + 1
1600 (PL_origenviron[i] > s &&
1601 PL_origenviron[i] <=
1602 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1605 s = PL_origenviron[i];
1613 #endif /* !defined(PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV) */
1615 PL_origalen = s ? s - PL_origargv[0] + 1 : 0;
1620 /* Come here if running an undumped a.out. */
1622 PL_origfilename = savepv(argv[0]);
1623 PL_do_undump = FALSE;
1624 cxstack_ix = -1; /* start label stack again */
1626 assert (!PL_tainted);
1628 S_set_caret_X(aTHX);
1630 init_postdump_symbols(argc,argv,env);
1635 op_free(PL_main_root);
1636 PL_main_root = NULL;
1638 PL_main_start = NULL;
1639 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_main_cv);
1643 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
1644 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_OFF;
1649 parse_body(env,xsinit);
1651 call_list(oldscope, PL_unitcheckav);
1653 call_list(oldscope, PL_checkav);
1660 /* my_exit() was called */
1661 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
1664 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
1666 call_list(oldscope, PL_unitcheckav);
1668 call_list(oldscope, PL_checkav);
1672 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: top_env\n");
1681 S_parse_body(pTHX_ char **env, XSINIT_t xsinit)
1685 int argc = PL_origargc;
1686 char **argv = PL_origargv;
1687 const char *scriptname = NULL;
1688 VOL bool dosearch = FALSE;
1689 const char *validarg = "";
1692 const char *cddir = NULL;
1693 #ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
1694 bool minus_f = FALSE;
1696 SV *linestr_sv = newSV_type(SVt_PVIV);
1697 bool add_read_e_script = FALSE;
1699 SvGROW(linestr_sv, 80);
1700 sv_setpvn(linestr_sv,"",0);
1702 sv = newSVpvs(""); /* first used for -I flags */
1708 for (argc--,argv++; argc > 0; argc--,argv++) {
1709 if (argv[0][0] != '-' || !argv[0][1])
1713 validarg = " PHOOEY ";
1717 * Can we rely on the kernel to start scripts with argv[1] set to
1718 * contain all #! line switches (the whole line)? (argv[0] is set to
1719 * the interpreter name, argv[2] to the script name; argv[3] and
1720 * above may contain other arguments.)
1727 #ifndef PERL_STRICT_CR
1751 if ((s = moreswitches(s)))
1756 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('t');
1757 if( !PL_tainting ) {
1758 PL_taint_warn = TRUE;
1764 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('T');
1766 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
1774 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1775 /* ignore -e for Dev:Pseudo argument */
1776 if (argv[1] && !strcmp(argv[1], "Dev:Pseudo"))
1779 forbid_setid('e', -1);
1781 PL_e_script = newSVpvs("");
1782 add_read_e_script = TRUE;
1785 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, s);
1787 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, argv[1]);
1791 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No code specified for -%c", c);
1792 sv_catpvs(PL_e_script, "\n");
1796 #ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
1802 case 'I': /* -I handled both here and in moreswitches() */
1803 forbid_setid('I', -1);
1804 if (!*++s && (s=argv[1]) != NULL) {
1808 STRLEN len = strlen(s);
1809 const char * const p = savepvn(s, len);
1810 incpush(p, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE, FALSE);
1811 sv_catpvs(sv, "-I");
1812 sv_catpvn(sv, p, len);
1817 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No directory specified for -I");
1820 forbid_setid('P', -1);
1821 PL_preprocess = TRUE;
1826 forbid_setid('S', -1);
1834 Perl_av_create_and_push(aTHX_ &PL_preambleav, newSVpvs("use Config;"));
1836 /* Can't do newSVpvs() as that would involve pre-processor
1837 condititionals inside a macro expansion. */
1838 opts_prog = Perl_newSVpv(aTHX_ "$_ = join ' ', sort qw("
1845 # ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
1846 " PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV"
1848 # ifdef PERL_MALLOC_WRAP
1851 # ifdef PERL_MEM_LOG
1854 # ifdef PERL_MEM_LOG_ENV
1857 # ifdef PERL_MEM_LOG_ENV_FD
1858 " PERL_MEM_LOG_ENV_FD"
1860 # ifdef PERL_MEM_LOG_STDERR
1861 " PERL_MEM_LOG_STDERR"
1863 # ifdef PERL_MEM_LOG_TIMESTAMP
1864 " PERL_MEM_LOG_TIMESTAMP"
1866 # ifdef PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV
1867 " PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV"
1869 # ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
1870 " USE_SITECUSTOMIZE"
1874 sv_catpv(opts_prog, PL_bincompat_options);
1875 /* Terminate the qw(, and then wrap at 76 columns. */
1876 sv_catpvs(opts_prog, "); s/(?=.{53})(.{1,53}) /$1\\n /mg;print Config::myconfig(),");
1878 sv_catpvs(opts_prog,"\"\\nCharacteristics of this PERLSHR image: \\n");
1880 sv_catpvs(opts_prog,"\"\\nCharacteristics of this binary (from libperl): \\n");
1883 sv_catpvs(opts_prog," Compile-time options: $_\\n\",");
1885 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
1886 if (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT > 0) {
1888 sv_catpvs(opts_prog,
1889 "\" Locally applied patches:\\n\",");
1890 for (i = 1; i <= LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT; i++) {
1891 if (PL_localpatches[i])
1892 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ opts_prog,"q%c\t%s\n%c,",
1893 0, PL_localpatches[i], 0);
1897 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ opts_prog,
1898 "\" Built under %s\\n",OSNAME);
1901 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ opts_prog,
1902 " Compiled at %s %s\\n\"",__DATE__,
1905 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ opts_prog," Compiled on %s\\n\"",
1909 sv_catpvs(opts_prog, "; $\"=\"\\n \"; "
1910 "@env = map { \"$_=\\\"$ENV{$_}\\\"\" } "
1911 "sort grep {/^PERL/} keys %ENV; ");
1913 sv_catpvs(opts_prog,
1914 "push @env, \"CYGWIN=\\\"$ENV{CYGWIN}\\\"\";");
1916 sv_catpvs(opts_prog,
1917 "print \" \\%ENV:\\n @env\\n\" if @env;"
1918 "print \" \\@INC:\\n @INC\\n\";");
1922 opts_prog = Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_
1923 "Config::config_vars(qw%c%s%c)",
1927 av_push(PL_preambleav, opts_prog);
1928 /* don't look for script or read stdin */
1929 scriptname = BIT_BUCKET;
1933 PL_doextract = TRUE;
1941 if (!*++s || isSPACE(*s)) {
1945 /* catch use of gnu style long options */
1946 if (strEQ(s, "version")) {
1950 if (strEQ(s, "help")) {
1957 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Unrecognized switch: -%s (-h will show valid options)",s);
1968 #ifndef SECURE_INTERNAL_GETENV
1971 (s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL5OPT")))
1973 const char *popt = s;
1976 if (*s == '-' && *(s+1) == 'T') {
1977 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('T');
1979 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
1982 char *popt_copy = NULL;
1995 if (!strchr("CDIMUdmtw", *s))
1996 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Illegal switch in PERL5OPT: -%c", *s);
2000 popt_copy = SvPVX(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(popt,0)));
2001 s = popt_copy + (s - popt);
2002 d = popt_copy + (d - popt);
2009 if( !PL_tainting ) {
2010 PL_taint_warn = TRUE;
2021 #ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
2023 (void)Perl_av_create_and_unshift_one(aTHX_ &PL_preambleav,
2024 Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "BEGIN { do '%s/sitecustomize.pl' }", SITELIB_EXP));
2029 scriptname = argv[0];
2032 scriptname = BIT_BUCKET; /* don't look for script or read stdin */
2034 else if (scriptname == NULL) {
2036 if ( PerlLIO_isatty(PerlIO_fileno(PerlIO_stdin())) )
2042 /* Set $^X early so that it can be used for relocatable paths in @INC */
2043 assert (!PL_tainted);
2045 S_set_caret_X(aTHX);
2052 = open_script(scriptname, dosearch, sv, &suidscript, &rsfp);
2054 validate_suid(validarg, scriptname, fdscript, suidscript,
2058 # if defined(SIGCHLD) || defined(SIGCLD)
2061 # define SIGCHLD SIGCLD
2063 Sighandler_t sigstate = rsignal_state(SIGCHLD);
2064 if (sigstate == (Sighandler_t) SIG_IGN) {
2065 if (ckWARN(WARN_SIGNAL))
2066 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_SIGNAL),
2067 "Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default");
2068 (void)rsignal(SIGCHLD, (Sighandler_t)SIG_DFL);
2075 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2076 || gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract
2080 /* This will croak if suidscript is >= 0, as -x cannot be used with
2082 forbid_setid('x', suidscript);
2083 /* Hence you can't get here if suidscript >= 0 */
2085 find_beginning(linestr_sv, rsfp);
2086 if (cddir && PerlDir_chdir( (char *)cddir ) < 0)
2087 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't chdir to %s",cddir);
2091 PL_main_cv = PL_compcv = (CV*)newSV_type(SVt_PVCV);
2092 CvUNIQUE_on(PL_compcv);
2094 CvPADLIST(PL_compcv) = pad_new(0);
2096 PL_isarev = newHV();
2099 boot_core_UNIVERSAL();
2100 boot_core_xsutils();
2104 (*xsinit)(aTHX); /* in case linked C routines want magical variables */
2106 #if defined(VMS) || defined(WIN32) || defined(DJGPP) || defined(__CYGWIN__) || defined(EPOC) || defined(SYMBIAN)
2112 # ifdef HAS_SOCKS5_INIT
2113 socks5_init(argv[0]);
2119 init_predump_symbols();
2120 /* init_postdump_symbols not currently designed to be called */
2121 /* more than once (ENV isn't cleared first, for example) */
2122 /* But running with -u leaves %ENV & @ARGV undefined! XXX */
2124 init_postdump_symbols(argc,argv,env);
2126 /* PL_unicode is turned on by -C, or by $ENV{PERL_UNICODE},
2127 * or explicitly in some platforms.
2128 * locale.c:Perl_init_i18nl10n() if the environment
2129 * look like the user wants to use UTF-8. */
2130 #if defined(__SYMBIAN32__)
2131 PL_unicode = PERL_UNICODE_STD_FLAG; /* See PERL_SYMBIAN_CONSOLE_UTF8. */
2134 /* Requires init_predump_symbols(). */
2135 if (!(PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_LOCALE_FLAG) || PL_utf8locale) {
2140 /* Turn on UTF-8-ness on STDIN, STDOUT, STDERR
2141 * and the default open disciplines. */
2142 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDIN_FLAG) &&
2143 PL_stdingv && (io = GvIO(PL_stdingv)) &&
2145 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
2146 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDOUT_FLAG) &&
2147 PL_defoutgv && (io = GvIO(PL_defoutgv)) &&
2149 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
2150 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDERR_FLAG) &&
2151 PL_stderrgv && (io = GvIO(PL_stderrgv)) &&
2153 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
2154 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_INOUT_FLAG) &&
2155 (sv = GvSV(gv_fetchpvs("\017PEN", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL,
2157 U32 in = PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_IN_FLAG;
2158 U32 out = PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_OUT_FLAG;
2161 sv_setpvn(sv, ":utf8\0:utf8", 11);
2163 sv_setpvn(sv, ":utf8\0", 6);
2166 sv_setpvn(sv, "\0:utf8", 6);
2174 if ((s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_SIGNALS"))) {
2175 if (strEQ(s, "unsafe"))
2176 PL_signals |= PERL_SIGNALS_UNSAFE_FLAG;
2177 else if (strEQ(s, "safe"))
2178 PL_signals &= ~PERL_SIGNALS_UNSAFE_FLAG;
2180 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "PERL_SIGNALS illegal: \"%s\"", s);
2187 if ((s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_XMLDUMP"))) {
2191 PL_xmlfp = PerlIO_stdout();
2193 PL_xmlfp = PerlIO_open(s, "w");
2195 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't open %s", s);
2197 my_setenv("PERL_XMLDUMP", NULL); /* hide from subprocs */
2203 if ((s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_MADSKILLS"))) {
2204 PL_madskills = atoi(s);
2205 my_setenv("PERL_MADSKILLS", NULL); /* hide from subprocs */
2210 lex_start(linestr_sv, rsfp, TRUE);
2211 PL_subname = newSVpvs("main");
2213 if (add_read_e_script)
2214 filter_add(read_e_script, NULL);
2216 /* now parse the script */
2218 SETERRNO(0,SS_NORMAL);
2219 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2220 if (gMacPerl_SyntaxError = (yyparse() || PL_parser->error_count)) {
2222 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s had compilation errors.\n", MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
2224 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Execution of %s aborted due to compilation errors.\n",
2225 MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
2229 if (yyparse() || PL_parser->error_count) {
2231 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s had compilation errors.\n", PL_origfilename);
2233 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Execution of %s aborted due to compilation errors.\n",
2238 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, 0);
2239 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2240 PL_preprocess = FALSE;
2242 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
2250 SAVECOPFILE(PL_curcop);
2251 SAVECOPLINE(PL_curcop);
2252 gv_check(PL_defstash);
2261 if ((s=PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS")) && atoi(s) >= 2)
2262 dump_mstats("after compilation:");
2272 =for apidoc perl_run
2274 Tells a Perl interpreter to run. See L<perlembed>.
2287 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(my_perl);
2289 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
2297 cxstack_ix = -1; /* start context stack again */
2299 case 0: /* normal completion */
2303 case 2: /* my_exit() */
2304 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
2307 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2308 if (!(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_DESTRUCT_END) &&
2309 PL_endav && !PL_minus_c)
2310 call_list(oldscope, PL_endav);
2312 if (PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS"))
2313 dump_mstats("after execution: ");
2319 POPSTACK_TO(PL_mainstack);
2322 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: restartop\n");
2333 S_run_body(pTHX_ I32 oldscope)
2336 DEBUG_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "%s $` $& $' support.\n",
2337 PL_sawampersand ? "Enabling" : "Omitting"));
2339 if (!PL_restartop) {
2343 exit(0); /* less likely to core dump than my_exit(0) */
2346 DEBUG_x(dump_all());
2349 PERL_DEBUG(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "\nEXECUTING...\n\n"));
2351 DEBUG_S(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "main thread is 0x%"UVxf"\n",
2355 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2356 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "%s%s syntax OK\n",
2357 (gMacPerl_ErrorFormat ? "# " : ""),
2358 MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
2360 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "%s syntax OK\n", PL_origfilename);
2364 if (PERLDB_SINGLE && PL_DBsingle)
2365 sv_setiv(PL_DBsingle, 1);
2367 call_list(oldscope, PL_initav);
2368 #ifdef PERL_DEBUG_READONLY_OPS
2369 Perl_pending_Slabs_to_ro(aTHX);
2376 PL_op = PL_restartop;
2380 else if (PL_main_start) {
2381 CvDEPTH(PL_main_cv) = 1;
2382 PL_op = PL_main_start;
2390 =head1 SV Manipulation Functions
2392 =for apidoc p||get_sv
2394 Returns the SV of the specified Perl scalar. If C<create> is set and the
2395 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
2396 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
2402 Perl_get_sv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
2405 gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PV);
2412 =head1 Array Manipulation Functions
2414 =for apidoc p||get_av
2416 Returns the AV of the specified Perl array. If C<create> is set and the
2417 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
2418 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
2424 Perl_get_av(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
2426 GV* const gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVAV);
2435 =head1 Hash Manipulation Functions
2437 =for apidoc p||get_hv
2439 Returns the HV of the specified Perl hash. If C<create> is set and the
2440 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
2441 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
2447 Perl_get_hv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
2449 GV* const gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVHV);
2458 =head1 CV Manipulation Functions
2460 =for apidoc p||get_cvn_flags
2462 Returns the CV of the specified Perl subroutine. C<flags> are passed to
2463 C<gv_fetchpvn_flags>. If C<GV_ADD> is set and the Perl subroutine does not
2464 exist then it will be declared (which has the same effect as saying
2465 C<sub name;>). If C<GV_ADD> is not set and the subroutine does not exist
2466 then NULL is returned.
2468 =for apidoc p||get_cv
2470 Uses C<strlen> to get the length of C<name>, then calls C<get_cvn_flags>.
2476 Perl_get_cvn_flags(pTHX_ const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 flags)
2478 GV* const gv = gv_fetchpvn_flags(name, len, flags, SVt_PVCV);
2479 /* XXX this is probably not what they think they're getting.
2480 * It has the same effect as "sub name;", i.e. just a forward
2482 if ((flags & ~GV_NOADD_MASK) && !GvCVu(gv)) {
2483 SV *const sv = newSVpvn_flags(name, len, flags & SVf_UTF8);
2484 return newSUB(start_subparse(FALSE, 0),
2485 newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, sv),
2494 Perl_get_cv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 flags)
2496 return get_cvn_flags(name, strlen(name), flags);
2499 /* Be sure to refetch the stack pointer after calling these routines. */
2503 =head1 Callback Functions
2505 =for apidoc p||call_argv
2507 Performs a callback to the specified Perl sub. See L<perlcall>.
2513 Perl_call_argv(pTHX_ const char *sub_name, I32 flags, register char **argv)
2515 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2516 /* null terminated arg list */
2524 mXPUSHs(newSVpv(*argv,0));
2529 return call_pv(sub_name, flags);
2533 =for apidoc p||call_pv
2535 Performs a callback to the specified Perl sub. See L<perlcall>.
2541 Perl_call_pv(pTHX_ const char *sub_name, I32 flags)
2542 /* name of the subroutine */
2543 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2545 return call_sv((SV*)get_cv(sub_name, TRUE), flags);
2549 =for apidoc p||call_method
2551 Performs a callback to the specified Perl method. The blessed object must
2552 be on the stack. See L<perlcall>.
2558 Perl_call_method(pTHX_ const char *methname, I32 flags)
2559 /* name of the subroutine */
2560 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2562 return call_sv(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(methname,0)), flags | G_METHOD);
2565 /* May be called with any of a CV, a GV, or an SV containing the name. */
2567 =for apidoc p||call_sv
2569 Performs a callback to the Perl sub whose name is in the SV. See
2576 Perl_call_sv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
2577 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2580 LOGOP myop; /* fake syntax tree node */
2585 bool oldcatch = CATCH_GET;
2587 OP* const oldop = PL_op;
2590 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2595 Zero(&myop, 1, LOGOP);
2596 myop.op_next = NULL;
2597 if (!(flags & G_NOARGS))
2598 myop.op_flags |= OPf_STACKED;
2599 myop.op_flags |= ((flags & G_VOID) ? OPf_WANT_VOID :
2600 (flags & G_ARRAY) ? OPf_WANT_LIST :
2605 EXTEND(PL_stack_sp, 1);
2606 *++PL_stack_sp = sv;
2608 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
2610 if (PERLDB_SUB && PL_curstash != PL_debstash
2611 /* Handle first BEGIN of -d. */
2612 && (PL_DBcv || (PL_DBcv = GvCV(PL_DBsub)))
2613 /* Try harder, since this may have been a sighandler, thus
2614 * curstash may be meaningless. */
2615 && (SvTYPE(sv) != SVt_PVCV || CvSTASH((CV*)sv) != PL_debstash)
2616 && !(flags & G_NODEBUG))
2617 PL_op->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_DB;
2619 if (flags & G_METHOD) {
2620 Zero(&method_op, 1, UNOP);
2621 method_op.op_next = PL_op;
2622 method_op.op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_METHOD];
2623 myop.op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_ENTERSUB];
2624 PL_op = (OP*)&method_op;
2627 if (!(flags & G_EVAL)) {
2629 CALL_BODY_SUB((OP*)&myop);
2630 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2631 CATCH_SET(oldcatch);
2634 myop.op_other = (OP*)&myop;
2636 create_eval_scope(flags|G_FAKINGEVAL);
2644 CALL_BODY_SUB((OP*)&myop);
2645 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2646 if (!(flags & G_KEEPERR))
2647 sv_setpvn(ERRSV,"",0);
2653 /* my_exit() was called */
2654 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2657 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED))
2658 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Callback called exit");
2663 PL_op = PL_restartop;
2667 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2668 if (flags & G_ARRAY)
2672 *++PL_stack_sp = &PL_sv_undef;
2677 if (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
2678 delete_eval_scope();
2682 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2683 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2692 /* Eval a string. The G_EVAL flag is always assumed. */
2695 =for apidoc p||eval_sv
2697 Tells Perl to C<eval> the string in the SV.
2703 Perl_eval_sv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
2705 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2709 UNOP myop; /* fake syntax tree node */
2710 VOL I32 oldmark = SP - PL_stack_base;
2713 OP* const oldop = PL_op;
2716 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2723 Zero(PL_op, 1, UNOP);
2724 EXTEND(PL_stack_sp, 1);
2725 *++PL_stack_sp = sv;
2727 if (!(flags & G_NOARGS))
2728 myop.op_flags = OPf_STACKED;
2729 myop.op_next = NULL;
2730 myop.op_type = OP_ENTEREVAL;
2731 myop.op_flags |= ((flags & G_VOID) ? OPf_WANT_VOID :
2732 (flags & G_ARRAY) ? OPf_WANT_LIST :
2734 if (flags & G_KEEPERR)
2735 myop.op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL;
2737 /* fail now; otherwise we could fail after the JMPENV_PUSH but
2738 * before a PUSHEVAL, which corrupts the stack after a croak */
2739 TAINT_PROPER("eval_sv()");
2745 CALL_BODY_EVAL((OP*)&myop);
2746 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2747 if (!(flags & G_KEEPERR))
2748 sv_setpvn(ERRSV,"",0);
2754 /* my_exit() was called */
2755 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2758 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED))
2759 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Callback called exit");
2764 PL_op = PL_restartop;
2768 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2769 if (flags & G_ARRAY)
2773 *++PL_stack_sp = &PL_sv_undef;
2779 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2780 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2790 =for apidoc p||eval_pv
2792 Tells Perl to C<eval> the given string and return an SV* result.
2798 Perl_eval_pv(pTHX_ const char *p, I32 croak_on_error)
2802 SV* sv = newSVpv(p, 0);
2804 eval_sv(sv, G_SCALAR);
2811 if (croak_on_error && SvTRUE(ERRSV)) {
2812 Perl_croak(aTHX_ SvPVx_nolen_const(ERRSV));
2818 /* Require a module. */
2821 =head1 Embedding Functions
2823 =for apidoc p||require_pv
2825 Tells Perl to C<require> the file named by the string argument. It is
2826 analogous to the Perl code C<eval "require '$file'">. It's even
2827 implemented that way; consider using load_module instead.
2832 Perl_require_pv(pTHX_ const char *pv)
2837 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_REQUIRE);
2839 sv = Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "require q%c%s%c", 0, pv, 0);
2840 eval_sv(sv_2mortal(sv), G_DISCARD);
2846 Perl_magicname(pTHX_ const char *sym, const char *name, I32 namlen)
2848 register GV * const gv = gv_fetchpv(sym, GV_ADD, SVt_PV);
2851 sv_magic(GvSV(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, namlen);
2855 S_usage(pTHX_ const char *name) /* XXX move this out into a module ? */
2857 /* This message really ought to be max 23 lines.
2858 * Removed -h because the user already knows that option. Others? */
2860 static const char * const usage_msg[] = {
2861 "-0[octal] specify record separator (\\0, if no argument)",
2862 "-a autosplit mode with -n or -p (splits $_ into @F)",
2863 "-C[number/list] enables the listed Unicode features",
2864 "-c check syntax only (runs BEGIN and CHECK blocks)",
2865 "-d[:debugger] run program under debugger",
2866 "-D[number/list] set debugging flags (argument is a bit mask or alphabets)",
2867 "-e program one line of program (several -e's allowed, omit programfile)",
2868 "-E program like -e, but enables all optional features",
2869 "-f don't do $sitelib/sitecustomize.pl at startup",
2870 "-F/pattern/ split() pattern for -a switch (//'s are optional)",
2871 "-i[extension] edit <> files in place (makes backup if extension supplied)",
2872 "-Idirectory specify @INC/#include directory (several -I's allowed)",
2873 "-l[octal] enable line ending processing, specifies line terminator",
2874 "-[mM][-]module execute \"use/no module...\" before executing program",
2875 "-n assume \"while (<>) { ... }\" loop around program",
2876 "-p assume loop like -n but print line also, like sed",
2877 "-P run program through C preprocessor before compilation",
2878 "-s enable rudimentary parsing for switches after programfile",
2879 "-S look for programfile using PATH environment variable",
2880 "-t enable tainting warnings",
2881 "-T enable tainting checks",
2882 "-u dump core after parsing program",
2883 "-U allow unsafe operations",
2884 "-v print version, subversion (includes VERY IMPORTANT perl info)",
2885 "-V[:variable] print configuration summary (or a single Config.pm variable)",
2886 "-w enable many useful warnings (RECOMMENDED)",
2887 "-W enable all warnings",
2888 "-x[directory] strip off text before #!perl line and perhaps cd to directory",
2889 "-X disable all warnings",
2893 const char * const *p = usage_msg;
2895 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2896 "\nUsage: %s [switches] [--] [programfile] [arguments]",
2899 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(), "\n %s", *p++);
2902 /* convert a string of -D options (or digits) into an int.
2903 * sets *s to point to the char after the options */
2907 Perl_get_debug_opts(pTHX_ const char **s, bool givehelp)
2909 static const char * const usage_msgd[] = {
2910 " Debugging flag values: (see also -d)",
2911 " p Tokenizing and parsing (with v, displays parse stack)",
2912 " s Stack snapshots (with v, displays all stacks)",
2913 " l Context (loop) stack processing",
2914 " t Trace execution",
2915 " o Method and overloading resolution",
2916 " c String/numeric conversions",
2917 " P Print profiling info, preprocessor command for -P, source file input state",
2918 " m Memory allocation",
2919 " f Format processing",
2920 " r Regular expression parsing and execution",
2921 " x Syntax tree dump",
2922 " u Tainting checks",
2923 " H Hash dump -- usurps values()",
2924 " X Scratchpad allocation",
2926 " S Thread synchronization",
2928 " R Include reference counts of dumped variables (eg when using -Ds)",
2929 " J Do not s,t,P-debug (Jump over) opcodes within package DB",
2930 " v Verbose: use in conjunction with other flags",
2932 " A Consistency checks on internal structures",
2933 " q quiet - currently only suppresses the 'EXECUTING' message",
2938 /* if adding extra options, remember to update DEBUG_MASK */
2939 static const char debopts[] = "psltocPmfrxuUHXDSTRJvCAq";
2941 for (; isALNUM(**s); (*s)++) {
2942 const char * const d = strchr(debopts,**s);
2944 i |= 1 << (d - debopts);
2945 else if (ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
2946 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
2947 "invalid option -D%c, use -D'' to see choices\n", **s);
2950 else if (isDIGIT(**s)) {
2952 for (; isALNUM(**s); (*s)++) ;
2954 else if (givehelp) {
2955 const char *const *p = usage_msgd;
2956 while (*p) PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(), "%s\n", *p++);
2959 if ((i & DEBUG_p_FLAG) && ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
2960 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
2961 "-Dp not implemented on this platform\n");
2967 /* This routine handles any switches that can be given during run */
2970 Perl_moreswitches(pTHX_ const char *s)
2981 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rs);
2982 if (s[1] == 'x' && s[2]) {
2983 const char *e = s+=2;
2989 flags = PERL_SCAN_SILENT_ILLDIGIT;
2990 rschar = (U32)grok_hex(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
2991 if (s + numlen < e) {
2992 rschar = 0; /* Grandfather -0xFOO as -0 -xFOO. */
2996 PL_rs = newSVpvs("");
2997 SvGROW(PL_rs, (STRLEN)(UNISKIP(rschar) + 1));
2998 tmps = (U8*)SvPVX(PL_rs);
2999 uvchr_to_utf8(tmps, rschar);
3000 SvCUR_set(PL_rs, UNISKIP(rschar));
3005 rschar = (U32)grok_oct(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
3006 if (rschar & ~((U8)~0))
3007 PL_rs = &PL_sv_undef;
3008 else if (!rschar && numlen >= 2)
3009 PL_rs = newSVpvs("");
3011 char ch = (char)rschar;
3012 PL_rs = newSVpvn(&ch, 1);
3015 sv_setsv(get_sv("/", TRUE), PL_rs);
3020 PL_unicode = parse_unicode_opts( (const char **)&s );
3021 if (PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_UTF8CACHEASSERT_FLAG)
3027 while (*s && !isSPACE(*s)) ++s;
3028 PL_splitstr = savepvn(PL_splitstr, s - PL_splitstr);
3039 forbid_setid('d', -1);
3042 /* -dt indicates to the debugger that threads will be used */
3043 if (*s == 't' && !isALNUM(s[1])) {
3045 my_setenv("PERL5DB_THREADED", "1");
3048 /* The following permits -d:Mod to accepts arguments following an =
3049 in the fashion that -MSome::Mod does. */
3050 if (*s == ':' || *s == '=') {
3051 const char *start = ++s;
3052 const char *const end = s + strlen(s);
3053 SV * const sv = newSVpvs("use Devel::");
3055 /* We now allow -d:Module=Foo,Bar */
3056 while(isALNUM(*s) || *s==':') ++s;
3058 sv_catpvn(sv, start, end - start);
3060 sv_catpvn(sv, start, s-start);
3061 /* Don't use NUL as q// delimiter here, this string goes in the
3063 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ sv, " split(/,/,q{%s});", ++s);
3066 my_setenv("PERL5DB", SvPV_nolen_const(sv));
3070 PL_perldb = PERLDB_ALL;
3077 forbid_setid('D', -1);
3079 PL_debug = get_debug_opts( (const char **)&s, 1) | DEBUG_TOP_FLAG;
3080 #else /* !DEBUGGING */
3081 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
3082 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
3083 "Recompile perl with -DDEBUGGING to use -D switch (did you mean -d ?)\n");
3084 for (s++; isALNUM(*s); s++) ;
3089 usage(PL_origargv[0]);
3092 Safefree(PL_inplace);
3093 #if defined(__CYGWIN__) /* do backup extension automagically */
3094 if (*(s+1) == '\0') {
3095 PL_inplace = savepvs(".bak");
3098 #endif /* __CYGWIN__ */
3100 const char * const start = ++s;
3101 while (*s && !isSPACE(*s))
3104 PL_inplace = savepvn(start, s - start);
3108 if (*s == '-') /* Additional switches on #! line. */
3112 case 'I': /* -I handled both here and in parse_body() */
3113 forbid_setid('I', -1);
3115 while (*s && isSPACE(*s))
3120 /* ignore trailing spaces (possibly followed by other switches) */
3122 for (e = p; *e && !isSPACE(*e); e++) ;
3126 } while (*p && *p != '-');
3127 e = savepvn(s, e-s);
3128 incpush(e, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE, FALSE);
3135 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No directory specified for -I");
3141 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ors_sv);
3147 PL_ors_sv = newSVpvs("\n");
3148 numlen = 3 + (*s == '0');
3149 *SvPVX(PL_ors_sv) = (char)grok_oct(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
3153 if (RsPARA(PL_rs)) {
3154 PL_ors_sv = newSVpvs("\n\n");
3157 PL_ors_sv = newSVsv(PL_rs);
3162 forbid_setid('M', -1); /* XXX ? */
3165 forbid_setid('m', -1); /* XXX ? */
3170 const char *use = "use ";
3171 /* -M-foo == 'no foo' */
3172 /* Leading space on " no " is deliberate, to make both
3173 possibilities the same length. */
3174 if (*s == '-') { use = " no "; ++s; }
3175 sv = newSVpvn(use,4);
3177 /* We allow -M'Module qw(Foo Bar)' */
3178 while(isALNUM(*s) || *s==':') ++s;
3179 end = s + strlen(s);
3181 sv_catpvn(sv, start, end - start);
3182 if (*(start-1) == 'm') {
3184 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use '%c' after -mname", *s);
3185 sv_catpvs( sv, " ()");
3189 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Module name required with -%c option",
3191 sv_catpvn(sv, start, s-start);
3192 /* Use NUL as q''-delimiter. */
3193 sv_catpvs(sv, " split(/,/,q\0");
3195 sv_catpvn(sv, s, end - s);
3196 sv_catpvs(sv, "\0)");
3199 Perl_av_create_and_push(aTHX_ &PL_preambleav, sv);
3202 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Missing argument to -%c", *(s-1));
3213 forbid_setid('s', -1);
3214 PL_doswitches = TRUE;
3228 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3229 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Believe me, you don't want to use \"-u\" on a Macintosh");
3231 PL_do_undump = TRUE;
3239 if (!sv_derived_from(PL_patchlevel, "version"))
3240 upg_version(PL_patchlevel, TRUE);
3242 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3243 Perl_form(aTHX_ "\nThis is perl, %"SVf
3244 #ifdef PERL_PATCHNUM
3245 " DEVEL" STRINGIFY(PERL_PATCHNUM)
3248 SVfARG(vstringify(PL_patchlevel)),
3251 /* Adjust verbose output as in the perl that ships with the DG/UX OS from EMC */
3252 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3253 Perl_form(aTHX_ "\nThis is perl, %"SVf"\n",
3254 SVfARG(vstringify(PL_patchlevel))));
3255 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3256 Perl_form(aTHX_ " built under %s at %s %s\n",
3257 OSNAME, __DATE__, __TIME__));
3258 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3259 Perl_form(aTHX_ " OS Specific Release: %s\n",
3263 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
3264 if (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT > 0)
3265 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3266 "\n(with %d registered patch%s, "
3267 "see perl -V for more detail)",
3269 (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT!=1) ? "es" : "");
3272 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3273 "\n\nCopyright 1987-2007, Larry Wall\n");
3274 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3275 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3276 "\nMac OS port Copyright 1991-2002, Matthias Neeracher;\n"
3277 "maintained by Chris Nandor\n");
3280 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3281 "\nMS-DOS port Copyright (c) 1989, 1990, Diomidis Spinellis\n");
3284 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3285 "djgpp v2 port (jpl5003c) by Hirofumi Watanabe, 1996\n"
3286 "djgpp v2 port (perl5004+) by Laszlo Molnar, 1997-1999\n");
3289 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3290 "\n\nOS/2 port Copyright (c) 1990, 1991, Raymond Chen, Kai Uwe Rommel\n"
3291 "Version 5 port Copyright (c) 1994-2002, Andreas Kaiser, Ilya Zakharevich\n");
3294 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3295 "atariST series port, ++jrb bammi@cadence.com\n");
3298 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3299 "BeOS port Copyright Tom Spindler, 1997-1999\n");
3302 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3303 "MPE/iX port Copyright by Mark Klein and Mark Bixby, 1996-2003\n");
3306 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3307 "MVS (OS390) port by Mortice Kern Systems, 1997-1999\n");
3310 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3311 "Stratus VOS port by Paul.Green@stratus.com, 1997-2002\n");
3314 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3315 "VM/ESA port by Neale Ferguson, 1998-1999\n");
3318 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3319 "BS2000 (POSIX) port by Start Amadeus GmbH, 1998-1999\n");
3322 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3323 "MiNT port by Guido Flohr, 1997-1999\n");
3326 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3327 "EPOC port by Olaf Flebbe, 1999-2002\n");
3330 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),"WINCE port by Rainer Keuchel, 2001-2002\n");
3331 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),"Built on " __DATE__ " " __TIME__ "\n\n");
3334 #ifdef __SYMBIAN32__
3335 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3336 "Symbian port by Nokia, 2004-2005\n");
3338 #ifdef BINARY_BUILD_NOTICE
3339 BINARY_BUILD_NOTICE;
3341 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3343 Perl may be copied only under the terms of either the Artistic License or the\n\
3344 GNU General Public License, which may be found in the Perl 5 source kit.\n\n\
3345 Complete documentation for Perl, including FAQ lists, should be found on\n\
3346 this system using \"man perl\" or \"perldoc perl\". If you have access to the\n\
3347 Internet, point your browser at http://www.perl.org/, the Perl Home Page.\n\n");
3350 if (! (PL_dowarn & G_WARN_ALL_MASK)) {
3351 PL_dowarn |= G_WARN_ON;
3356 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_ALL_ON|G_WARN_ON;
3357 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
3358 PerlMemShared_free(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
3359 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = pWARN_ALL ;
3363 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_ALL_OFF;
3364 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
3365 PerlMemShared_free(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
3366 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = pWARN_NONE ;
3371 if (s[1] == '-') /* Additional switches on #! line. */
3376 #if defined(WIN32) || !defined(PERL_STRICT_CR)
3382 #ifdef ALTERNATE_SHEBANG
3383 case 'S': /* OS/2 needs -S on "extproc" line. */
3391 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't emulate -%.1s on #! line",s);
3396 /* compliments of Tom Christiansen */
3398 /* unexec() can be found in the Gnu emacs distribution */
3399 /* Known to work with -DUNEXEC and using unexelf.c from GNU emacs-20.2 */
3402 Perl_my_unexec(pTHX)
3404 PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
3406 SV * prog = newSVpv(BIN_EXP, 0);
3407 SV * file = newSVpv(PL_origfilename, 0);
3411 sv_catpvs(prog, "/perl");
3412 sv_catpvs(file, ".perldump");
3414 unexec(SvPVX(file), SvPVX(prog), &etext, sbrk(0), 0);
3415 /* unexec prints msg to stderr in case of failure */
3416 PerlProc_exit(status);
3419 # include <lib$routines.h>
3420 lib$signal(SS$_DEBUG); /* ssdef.h #included from vmsish.h */
3421 # elif defined(WIN32) || defined(__CYGWIN__)
3422 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "dump is not supported");
3424 ABORT(); /* for use with undump */
3429 /* initialize curinterp */
3435 # define PERLVAR(var,type)
3436 # define PERLVARA(var,n,type)
3437 # if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
3438 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) aTHX->var = init;
3439 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) aTHX->var = init;
3441 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
3442 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
3444 # include "intrpvar.h"
3450 # define PERLVAR(var,type)
3451 # define PERLVARA(var,n,type)
3452 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PL_##var = init;
3453 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PL_##var = init;
3454 # include "intrpvar.h"
3461 /* As these are inside a structure, PERLVARI isn't capable of initialising
3463 PL_reg_oldcurpm = PL_reg_curpm = NULL;
3464 PL_reg_poscache = PL_reg_starttry = NULL;
3468 S_init_main_stash(pTHX)
3473 PL_curstash = PL_defstash = newHV();
3474 /* We know that the string "main" will be in the global shared string
3475 table, so it's a small saving to use it rather than allocate another
3477 PL_curstname = newSVpvs_share("main");
3478 gv = gv_fetchpvs("main::", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVHV);
3479 /* If we hadn't caused another reference to "main" to be in the shared
3480 string table above, then it would be worth reordering these two,
3481 because otherwise all we do is delete "main" from it as a consequence
3482 of the SvREFCNT_dec, only to add it again with hv_name_set */
3483 SvREFCNT_dec(GvHV(gv));
3484 hv_name_set(PL_defstash, "main", 4, 0);
3485 GvHV(gv) = (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc_simple(PL_defstash);
3487 PL_incgv = gv_HVadd(gv_AVadd(gv_fetchpvs("INC", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL,
3489 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void(PL_incgv); /* Don't allow it to be freed */
3490 GvMULTI_on(PL_incgv);
3491 PL_hintgv = gv_fetchpvs("\010", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV); /* ^H */
3492 GvMULTI_on(PL_hintgv);
3493 PL_defgv = gv_fetchpvs("_", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVAV);
3494 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void(PL_defgv);
3495 PL_errgv = gv_HVadd(gv_fetchpvs("@", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV));
3496 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void(PL_errgv);
3497 GvMULTI_on(PL_errgv);
3498 PL_replgv = gv_fetchpvs("\022", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV); /* ^R */
3499 GvMULTI_on(PL_replgv);
3500 (void)Perl_form(aTHX_ "%240s",""); /* Preallocate temp - for immediate signals. */
3501 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
3504 sv_grow(ERRSV, 240); /* Preallocate - for immediate signals. */
3505 sv_setpvn(ERRSV, "", 0);
3506 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
3507 CopSTASH_set(&PL_compiling, PL_defstash);
3508 PL_debstash = GvHV(gv_fetchpvs("DB::", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
3509 PL_globalstash = GvHV(gv_fetchpvs("CORE::GLOBAL::", GV_ADDMULTI,
3511 /* We must init $/ before switches are processed. */
3512 sv_setpvn(get_sv("/", TRUE), "\n", 1);
3516 S_open_script(pTHX_ const char *scriptname, bool dosearch, SV *sv,
3517 int *suidscript, PerlIO **rsfpp)
3522 const char *cpp_discard_flag;
3531 PL_origfilename = savepvs("-e");
3534 /* if find_script() returns, it returns a malloc()-ed value */
3535 scriptname = PL_origfilename = find_script(scriptname, dosearch, NULL, 1);
3537 if (strnEQ(scriptname, "/dev/fd/", 8) && isDIGIT(scriptname[8]) ) {
3538 const char *s = scriptname + 8;
3544 * Tell apart "normal" usage of fdscript, e.g.
3545 * with bash on FreeBSD:
3546 * perl <( echo '#!perl -DA'; echo 'print "$0\n"')
3547 * from usage in suidperl.
3548 * Does any "normal" usage leave garbage after the number???
3549 * Is it a mistake to use a similar /dev/fd/ construct for
3554 * Be supersafe and do some sanity-checks.
3555 * Still, can we be sure we got the right thing?
3558 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Wrong syntax (suid) fd script name \"%s\"\n", s);
3561 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Missing (suid) fd script name\n");
3563 scriptname = savepv(s + 1);
3564 Safefree(PL_origfilename);
3565 PL_origfilename = (char *)scriptname;
3570 CopFILE_free(PL_curcop);
3571 CopFILE_set(PL_curcop, PL_origfilename);
3572 if (*PL_origfilename == '-' && PL_origfilename[1] == '\0')
3573 scriptname = (char *)"";
3574 if (fdscript >= 0) {
3575 *rsfpp = PerlIO_fdopen(fdscript,PERL_SCRIPT_MODE);
3576 # if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3578 /* ensure close-on-exec */
3579 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(*rsfpp),F_SETFD,1);
3584 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "sperl needs fd script\n"
3585 "You should not call sperl directly; do you need to "
3586 "change a #! line\nfrom sperl to perl?\n");
3589 * Do not open (or do other fancy stuff) while setuid.
3590 * Perl does the open, and hands script to suidperl on a fd;
3591 * suidperl only does some checks, sets up UIDs and re-execs
3592 * perl with that fd as it has always done.
3595 if (*suidscript != 1) {
3596 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "suidperl needs (suid) fd script\n");
3599 else if (PL_preprocess) {
3600 const char * const cpp_cfg = CPPSTDIN;
3601 SV * const cpp = newSVpvs("");
3602 SV * const cmd = newSV(0);
3604 if (cpp_cfg[0] == 0) /* PERL_MICRO? */
3605 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't run with cpp -P with CPPSTDIN undefined");
3606 if (strEQ(cpp_cfg, "cppstdin"))
3607 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ cpp, "%s/", BIN_EXP);
3608 sv_catpv(cpp, cpp_cfg);
3611 sv_catpvs(sv, "-I");
3612 sv_catpv(sv,PRIVLIB_EXP);
3615 DEBUG_P(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3616 "PL_preprocess: scriptname=\"%s\", cpp=\"%s\", sv=\"%s\", CPPMINUS=\"%s\"\n",
3617 scriptname, SvPVX_const (cpp), SvPVX_const (sv),
3620 # if defined(MSDOS) || defined(WIN32) || defined(VMS)
3627 cpp_discard_flag = "";
3629 cpp_discard_flag = "-C";
3633 perl = os2_execname(aTHX);
3635 perl = PL_origargv[0];
3639 /* This strips off Perl comments which might interfere with
3640 the C pre-processor, including #!. #line directives are
3641 deliberately stripped to avoid confusion with Perl's version
3642 of #line. FWP played some golf with it so it will fit
3643 into VMS's 255 character buffer.
3646 code = "(1../^#!.*perl/i)|/^\\s*#(?!\\s*((ifn?|un)def|(el|end)?if|define|include|else|error|pragma)\\b)/||!($|=1)||print";
3648 code = "/^\\s*#(?!\\s*((ifn?|un)def|(el|end)?if|define|include|else|error|pragma)\\b)/||!($|=1)||print";
3650 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ cmd, "\
3651 %s -ne%s%s%s %s | %"SVf" %s %"SVf" %s",
3652 perl, quote, code, quote, scriptname, SVfARG(cpp),
3653 cpp_discard_flag, SVfARG(sv), CPPMINUS);
3655 PL_doextract = FALSE;
3657 DEBUG_P(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3658 "PL_preprocess: cmd=\"%s\"\n",
3661 *rsfpp = PerlProc_popen((char *)SvPVX_const(cmd), (char *)"r");
3665 else if (!*scriptname) {
3666 forbid_setid(0, *suidscript);
3667 *rsfpp = PerlIO_stdin();
3670 #ifdef FAKE_BIT_BUCKET
3671 /* This hack allows one not to have /dev/null (or BIT_BUCKET as it
3672 * is called) and still have the "-e" work. (Believe it or not,
3673 * a /dev/null is required for the "-e" to work because source
3674 * filter magic is used to implement it. ) This is *not* a general
3675 * replacement for a /dev/null. What we do here is create a temp
3676 * file (an empty file), open up that as the script, and then
3677 * immediately close and unlink it. Close enough for jazz. */
3678 #define FAKE_BIT_BUCKET_PREFIX "/tmp/perlnull-"
3679 #define FAKE_BIT_BUCKET_SUFFIX "XXXXXXXX"
3680 #define FAKE_BIT_BUCKET_TEMPLATE FAKE_BIT_BUCKET_PREFIX FAKE_BIT_BUCKET_SUFFIX
3681 char tmpname[sizeof(FAKE_BIT_BUCKET_TEMPLATE)] = {
3682 FAKE_BIT_BUCKET_TEMPLATE
3684 const char * const err = "Failed to create a fake bit bucket";
3685 if (strEQ(scriptname, BIT_BUCKET)) {
3686 #ifdef HAS_MKSTEMP /* Hopefully mkstemp() is safe here. */
3687 int tmpfd = mkstemp(tmpname);
3689 scriptname = tmpname;
3692 Perl_croak(aTHX_ err);
3695 scriptname = mktemp(tmpname);
3697 Perl_croak(aTHX_ err);
3702 *rsfpp = PerlIO_open(scriptname,PERL_SCRIPT_MODE);
3703 #ifdef FAKE_BIT_BUCKET
3704 if (memEQ(scriptname, FAKE_BIT_BUCKET_PREFIX,
3705 sizeof(FAKE_BIT_BUCKET_PREFIX) - 1)
3706 && strlen(scriptname) == sizeof(tmpname) - 1) {
3709 scriptname = BIT_BUCKET;
3711 # if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3713 /* ensure close-on-exec */
3714 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(*rsfpp),F_SETFD,1);
3717 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3719 /* PSz 16 Sep 03 Keep neat error message */
3721 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't open "BIT_BUCKET": %s\n", Strerror(errno));
3723 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't open perl script \"%s\": %s\n",
3724 CopFILE(PL_curcop), Strerror(errno));
3730 * I_SYSSTATVFS HAS_FSTATVFS
3732 * I_STATFS HAS_FSTATFS HAS_GETFSSTAT
3733 * I_MNTENT HAS_GETMNTENT HAS_HASMNTOPT
3734 * here so that metaconfig picks them up. */
3738 S_fd_on_nosuid_fs(pTHX_ int fd)
3741 * We used to do this as "plain" user (after swapping UIDs with setreuid);
3742 * but is needed also on machines without setreuid.
3743 * Seems safe enough to run as root.
3745 int check_okay = 0; /* able to do all the required sys/libcalls */
3746 int on_nosuid = 0; /* the fd is on a nosuid fs */
3748 * Need to check noexec also: nosuid might not be set, the average
3749 * sysadmin would say that nosuid is irrelevant once he sets noexec.
3751 int on_noexec = 0; /* the fd is on a noexec fs */
3754 * Preferred order: fstatvfs(), fstatfs(), ustat()+getmnt(), getmntent().
3755 * fstatvfs() is UNIX98.
3756 * fstatfs() is 4.3 BSD.
3757 * ustat()+getmnt() is pre-4.3 BSD.
3758 * getmntent() is O(number-of-mounted-filesystems) and can hang on
3759 * an irrelevant filesystem while trying to reach the right one.
3762 #undef FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY /* found the syscalls to do the check? */
3764 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3765 defined(HAS_FSTATVFS)
3766 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3767 struct statvfs stfs;
3769 check_okay = fstatvfs(fd, &stfs) == 0;
3770 on_nosuid = check_okay && (stfs.f_flag & ST_NOSUID);
3772 /* ST_NOEXEC certainly absent on AIX 5.1, and doesn't seem to be documented
3773 on platforms where it is present. */
3774 on_noexec = check_okay && (stfs.f_flag & ST_NOEXEC);
3776 # endif /* fstatvfs */
3778 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3779 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID) && \
3780 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC) && \
3781 defined(HAS_FSTATFS) && \
3782 defined(HAS_STRUCT_STATFS) && \
3783 defined(HAS_STRUCT_STATFS_F_FLAGS)
3784 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3787 check_okay = fstatfs(fd, &stfs) == 0;
3788 on_nosuid = check_okay && (stfs.f_flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID);
3789 on_noexec = check_okay && (stfs.f_flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC);
3790 # endif /* fstatfs */
3792 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3793 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID) && \
3794 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC) && \
3795 defined(HAS_FSTAT) && \
3796 defined(HAS_USTAT) && \
3797 defined(HAS_GETMNT) && \
3798 defined(HAS_STRUCT_FS_DATA) && \
3800 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3803 if (fstat(fd, &fdst) == 0) {
3805 if (ustat(fdst.st_dev, &us) == 0) {
3807 /* NOSTAT_ONE here because we're not examining fields which
3808 * vary between that case and STAT_ONE. */
3809 if (getmnt((int*)0, &fsd, (int)0, NOSTAT_ONE, us.f_fname) == 0) {
3810 size_t cmplen = sizeof(us.f_fname);
3811 if (sizeof(fsd.fd_req.path) < cmplen)
3812 cmplen = sizeof(fsd.fd_req.path);
3813 if (strnEQ(fsd.fd_req.path, us.f_fname, cmplen) &&
3814 fdst.st_dev == fsd.fd_req.dev) {
3816 on_nosuid = fsd.fd_req.flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID;
3817 on_noexec = fsd.fd_req.flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC;
3822 # endif /* fstat+ustat+getmnt */
3824 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3825 defined(HAS_GETMNTENT) && \
3826 defined(HAS_HASMNTOPT) && \
3827 defined(MNTOPT_NOSUID) && \
3828 defined(MNTOPT_NOEXEC)
3829 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3830 FILE *mtab = fopen("/etc/mtab", "r");
3831 struct mntent *entry;
3834 if (mtab && (fstat(fd, &stb) == 0)) {
3835 while (entry = getmntent(mtab)) {
3836 if (stat(entry->mnt_dir, &fsb) == 0
3837 && fsb.st_dev == stb.st_dev)
3839 /* found the filesystem */
3841 if (hasmntopt(entry, MNTOPT_NOSUID))
3843 if (hasmntopt(entry, MNTOPT_NOEXEC))
3846 } /* A single fs may well fail its stat(). */
3851 # endif /* getmntent+hasmntopt */
3854 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't check filesystem of script \"%s\" for nosuid/noexec", PL_origfilename);
3856 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script \"%s\" on nosuid filesystem", PL_origfilename);
3858 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script \"%s\" on noexec filesystem", PL_origfilename);
3859 return ((!check_okay) || on_nosuid || on_noexec);
3861 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3864 S_validate_suid(pTHX_ const char *validarg, const char *scriptname,
3865 int fdscript, int suidscript, SV *linestr_sv, PerlIO *rsfp)
3870 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3872 /* do we need to emulate setuid on scripts? */
3874 /* This code is for those BSD systems that have setuid #! scripts disabled
3875 * in the kernel because of a security problem. Merely defining DOSUID
3876 * in perl will not fix that problem, but if you have disabled setuid
3877 * scripts in the kernel, this will attempt to emulate setuid and setgid
3878 * on scripts that have those now-otherwise-useless bits set. The setuid
3879 * root version must be called suidperl or sperlN.NNN. If regular perl
3880 * discovers that it has opened a setuid script, it calls suidperl with
3881 * the same argv that it had. If suidperl finds that the script it has
3882 * just opened is NOT setuid root, it sets the effective uid back to the
3883 * uid. We don't just make perl setuid root because that loses the
3884 * effective uid we had before invoking perl, if it was different from the
3887 * Description/comments above do not match current workings:
3888 * suidperl must be hardlinked to sperlN.NNN (that is what we exec);
3889 * suidperl called with script open and name changed to /dev/fd/N/X;
3890 * suidperl croaks if script is not setuid;
3891 * making perl setuid would be a huge security risk (and yes, that
3892 * would lose any euid we might have had).
3894 * DOSUID must be defined in both perl and suidperl, and IAMSUID must
3895 * be defined in suidperl only. suidperl must be setuid root. The
3896 * Configure script will set this up for you if you want it.
3902 if (PerlLIO_fstat(PerlIO_fileno(rsfp),&PL_statbuf) < 0) /* normal stat is insecure */
3903 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't stat script \"%s\"",PL_origfilename);
3904 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & (S_ISUID|S_ISGID)) {
3906 const char *linestr;
3910 if (fdscript < 0 || suidscript != 1)
3911 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Need (suid) fdscript in suidperl\n"); /* We already checked this */
3913 * Since the script is opened by perl, not suidperl, some of these
3914 * checks are superfluous. Leaving them in probably does not lower
3918 * Do checks even for systems with no HAS_SETREUID.
3919 * We used to swap, then re-swap UIDs with
3920 # ifdef HAS_SETREUID
3921 if (setreuid(PL_euid,PL_uid) < 0
3922 || PerlProc_getuid() != PL_euid || PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_uid)
3923 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't swap uid and euid");
3925 # ifdef HAS_SETREUID
3926 if (setreuid(PL_uid,PL_euid) < 0
3927 || PerlProc_getuid() != PL_uid || PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_euid)
3928 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't reswap uid and euid");
3932 /* On this access check to make sure the directories are readable,
3933 * there is actually a small window that the user could use to make
3934 * filename point to an accessible directory. So there is a faint
3935 * chance that someone could execute a setuid script down in a
3936 * non-accessible directory. I don't know what to do about that.
3937 * But I don't think it's too important. The manual lies when
3938 * it says access() is useful in setuid programs.
3940 * So, access() is pretty useless... but not harmful... do anyway.
3942 if (PerlLIO_access(CopFILE(PL_curcop),1)) { /*double check*/
3943 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't access() script\n");
3946 /* If we can swap euid and uid, then we can determine access rights
3947 * with a simple stat of the file, and then compare device and
3948 * inode to make sure we did stat() on the same file we opened.
3949 * Then we just have to make sure he or she can execute it.
3952 * As the script is opened by perl, not suidperl, we do not need to
3953 * care much about access rights.
3955 * The 'script changed' check is needed, or we can get lied to
3956 * about $0 with e.g.
3957 * suidperl /dev/fd/4//bin/x 4<setuidscript
3958 * Without HAS_SETREUID, is it safe to stat() as root?
3960 * Are there any operating systems that pass /dev/fd/xxx for setuid
3961 * scripts, as suggested/described in perlsec(1)? Surely they do not
3962 * pass the script name as we do, so the "script changed" test would
3963 * fail for them... but we never get here with
3964 * SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW defined.
3966 * This is one place where we must "lie" about return status: not
3967 * say if the stat() failed. We are doing this as root, and could
3968 * be tricked into reporting existence or not of files that the
3969 * "plain" user cannot even see.
3973 if (PerlLIO_stat(CopFILE(PL_curcop),&tmpstatbuf) < 0 ||
3974 tmpstatbuf.st_dev != PL_statbuf.st_dev ||
3975 tmpstatbuf.st_ino != PL_statbuf.st_ino) {
3976 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script changed\n");
3980 if (!cando(S_IXUSR,FALSE,&PL_statbuf)) /* can real uid exec? */
3981 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Real UID cannot exec script\n");
3984 * We used to do this check as the "plain" user (after swapping
3985 * UIDs). But the check for nosuid and noexec filesystem is needed,
3986 * and should be done even without HAS_SETREUID. (Maybe those
3987 * operating systems do not have such mount options anyway...)
3988 * Seems safe enough to do as root.
3990 # if !defined(NO_NOSUID_CHECK)
3991 if (fd_on_nosuid_fs(PerlIO_fileno(rsfp))) {
3992 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script on nosuid or noexec filesystem\n");
3995 # endif /* IAMSUID */
3997 if (!S_ISREG(PL_statbuf.st_mode)) {
3998 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script not plain file\n");
4000 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_IWOTH)
4001 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid/gid script is writable by world");
4002 PL_doswitches = FALSE; /* -s is insecure in suid */
4003 /* PSz 13 Nov 03 But -s was caught elsewhere ... so unsetting it here is useless(?!) */
4004 CopLINE_inc(PL_curcop);
4005 if (sv_gets(linestr_sv, rsfp, 0) == NULL)
4006 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No #! line");
4007 linestr = SvPV_nolen_const(linestr_sv);
4008 /* required even on Sys V */
4009 if (!*linestr || !linestr[1] || strnNE(linestr,"#!",2))
4010 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No #! line");
4014 /* Sanity check on line length */
4015 s_end = s + strlen(s);
4016 if (s_end == s || (s_end - s) > 4000)
4017 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Very long #! line");
4018 /* Allow more than a single space after #! */
4019 while (isSPACE(*s)) s++;
4020 /* Sanity check on buffer end */
4021 while ((*s) && !isSPACE(*s)) s++;
4022 for (s2 = s; (s2 > linestr &&
4023 (isDIGIT(s2[-1]) || s2[-1] == '.' || s2[-1] == '_'
4024 || s2[-1] == '-')); s2--) ;
4025 /* Sanity check on buffer start */
4026 if ( (s2-4 < linestr || strnNE(s2-4,"perl",4)) &&
4027 (s-9 < linestr || strnNE(s-9,"perl",4)) )
4028 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Not a perl script");
4029 while (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t') s++;
4031 * #! arg must be what we saw above. They can invoke it by
4032 * mentioning suidperl explicitly, but they may not add any strange
4033 * arguments beyond what #! says if they do invoke suidperl that way.
4036 * The way validarg was set up, we rely on the kernel to start
4037 * scripts with argv[1] set to contain all #! line switches (the
4041 * Check that we got all the arguments listed in the #! line (not
4042 * just that there are no extraneous arguments). Might not matter
4043 * much, as switches from #! line seem to be acted upon (also), and
4044 * so may be checked and trapped in perl. But, security checks must
4045 * be done in suidperl and not deferred to perl. Note that suidperl
4046 * does not get around to parsing (and checking) the switches on
4047 * the #! line (but execs perl sooner).
4048 * Allow (require) a trailing newline (which may be of two
4049 * characters on some architectures?) (but no other trailing
4052 len = strlen(validarg);
4053 if (strEQ(validarg," PHOOEY ") ||
4054 strnNE(s,validarg,len) || !isSPACE(s[len]) ||
4055 !((s_end - s) == len+1
4056 || ((s_end - s) == len+2 && isSPACE(s[len+1]))))
4057 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Args must match #! line");
4061 PL_euid != PL_uid && (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID) &&
4062 PL_euid == PL_statbuf.st_uid)
4064 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "YOU HAVEN'T DISABLED SET-ID SCRIPTS IN THE KERNEL YET!\n\
4065 FIX YOUR KERNEL, OR PUT A C WRAPPER AROUND THIS SCRIPT!\n");
4066 # endif /* IAMSUID */
4069 PL_euid) { /* oops, we're not the setuid root perl */
4071 * When root runs a setuid script, we do not go through the same
4072 * steps of execing sperl and then perl with fd scripts, but
4073 * simply set up UIDs within the same perl invocation; so do
4074 * not have the same checks (on options, whatever) that we have
4075 * for plain users. No problem really: would have to be a script
4076 * that does not actually work for plain users; and if root is
4077 * foolish and can be persuaded to run such an unsafe script, he
4078 * might run also non-setuid ones, and deserves what he gets.
4080 * Or, we might drop the PL_euid check above (and rely just on
4081 * fdscript to avoid loops), and do the execs
4087 * Pass fd script to suidperl.
4088 * Exec suidperl, substituting fd script for scriptname.
4089 * Pass script name as "subdir" of fd, which perl will grok;
4090 * in fact will use that to distinguish this from "normal"
4091 * usage, see comments above.
4093 PerlIO_rewind(rsfp);
4094 PerlLIO_lseek(PerlIO_fileno(rsfp),(Off_t)0,0); /* just in case rewind didn't */
4095 /* PSz 27 Feb 04 Sanity checks on scriptname */
4096 if ((!scriptname) || (!*scriptname) ) {
4097 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No setuid script name\n");
4099 if (*scriptname == '-') {
4100 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script name may not begin with dash\n");
4101 /* Or we might confuse it with an option when replacing
4102 * name in argument list, below (though we do pointer, not
4103 * string, comparisons).
4106 for (which = 1; PL_origargv[which] && PL_origargv[which] != scriptname; which++) ;
4107 if (!PL_origargv[which]) {
4108 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't change argv to have fd script\n");
4110 PL_origargv[which] = savepv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "/dev/fd/%d/%s",
4111 PerlIO_fileno(rsfp), PL_origargv[which]));
4112 # if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
4113 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(rsfp),F_SETFD,0); /* ensure no close-on-exec */
4116 PerlProc_execv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s/sperl"PERL_FS_VER_FMT, BIN_EXP,
4117 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
4118 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION), PL_origargv);
4120 # endif /* IAMSUID */
4121 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setuid (cannot exec sperl)\n");
4124 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISGID && PL_statbuf.st_gid != PL_egid) {
4126 * This seems back to front: we try HAS_SETEGID first; if not available
4127 * then try HAS_SETREGID; as a last chance we try HAS_SETRESGID. May be OK
4128 * in the sense that we only want to set EGID; but are there any machines
4129 * with either of the latter, but not the former? Same with UID, later.
4132 (void)setegid(PL_statbuf.st_gid);
4134 # ifdef HAS_SETREGID
4135 (void)setregid((Gid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_gid);
4137 # ifdef HAS_SETRESGID
4138 (void)setresgid((Gid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_gid,(Gid_t)-1);
4140 PerlProc_setgid(PL_statbuf.st_gid);
4144 if (PerlProc_getegid() != PL_statbuf.st_gid)
4145 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setegid!\n");
4147 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID) {
4148 if (PL_statbuf.st_uid != PL_euid)
4150 (void)seteuid(PL_statbuf.st_uid); /* all that for this */
4152 # ifdef HAS_SETREUID
4153 (void)setreuid((Uid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_uid);
4155 # ifdef HAS_SETRESUID
4156 (void)setresuid((Uid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_uid,(Uid_t)-1);
4158 PerlProc_setuid(PL_statbuf.st_uid);
4162 if (PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_statbuf.st_uid)
4163 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do seteuid!\n");
4165 else if (PL_uid) { /* oops, mustn't run as root */
4167 (void)seteuid((Uid_t)PL_uid);
4169 # ifdef HAS_SETREUID
4170 (void)setreuid((Uid_t)-1,(Uid_t)PL_uid);
4172 # ifdef HAS_SETRESUID
4173 (void)setresuid((Uid_t)-1,(Uid_t)PL_uid,(Uid_t)-1);
4175 PerlProc_setuid((Uid_t)PL_uid);
4179 if (PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_uid)
4180 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do seteuid!\n");
4183 if (!cando(S_IXUSR,TRUE,&PL_statbuf))
4184 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Effective UID cannot exec script\n"); /* they can't do this */
4187 else if (PL_preprocess) /* PSz 13 Nov 03 Caught elsewhere, useless(?!) here */
4188 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "-P not allowed for setuid/setgid script\n");
4189 else if (fdscript < 0 || suidscript != 1)
4190 /* PSz 13 Nov 03 Caught elsewhere, useless(?!) here */
4191 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "(suid) fdscript needed in suidperl\n");
4193 /* PSz 16 Sep 03 Keep neat error message */
4194 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Script is not setuid/setgid in suidperl\n");
4197 /* We absolutely must clear out any saved ids here, so we */
4198 /* exec the real perl, substituting fd script for scriptname. */
4199 /* (We pass script name as "subdir" of fd, which perl will grok.) */
4201 * It might be thought that using setresgid and/or setresuid (changed to
4202 * set the saved IDs) above might obviate the need to exec, and we could
4203 * go on to "do the perl thing".
4205 * Is there such a thing as "saved GID", and is that set for setuid (but
4206 * not setgid) execution like suidperl? Without exec, it would not be
4207 * cleared for setuid (but not setgid) scripts (or might need a dummy
4210 * We need suidperl to do the exact same argument checking that perl
4211 * does. Thus it cannot be very small; while it could be significantly
4212 * smaller, it is safer (simpler?) to make it essentially the same
4213 * binary as perl (but they are not identical). - Maybe could defer that
4214 * check to the invoked perl, and suidperl be a tiny wrapper instead;
4215 * but prefer to do thorough checks in suidperl itself. Such deferral
4216 * would make suidperl security rely on perl, a design no-no.
4218 * Setuid things should be short and simple, thus easy to understand and
4219 * verify. They should do their "own thing", without influence by
4220 * attackers. It may help if their internal execution flow is fixed,
4221 * regardless of platform: it may be best to exec anyway.
4223 * Suidperl should at least be conceptually simple: a wrapper only,
4224 * never to do any real perl. Maybe we should put
4226 * Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Suidperl should never do real perl\n");
4228 * into the perly bits.
4230 PerlIO_rewind(rsfp);
4231 PerlLIO_lseek(PerlIO_fileno(rsfp),(Off_t)0,0); /* just in case rewind didn't */
4233 * Keep original arguments: suidperl already has fd script.
4235 /* for (which = 1; PL_origargv[which] && PL_origargv[which] != scriptname; which++) ; */
4236 /* if (!PL_origargv[which]) { */
4237 /* errno = EPERM; */
4238 /* Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Permission denied\n"); */
4240 /* PL_origargv[which] = savepv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "/dev/fd/%d/%s", */
4241 /* PerlIO_fileno(rsfp), PL_origargv[which])); */
4242 # if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
4243 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(rsfp),F_SETFD,0); /* ensure no close-on-exec */
4246 PerlProc_execv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s/perl"PERL_FS_VER_FMT, BIN_EXP,
4247 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
4248 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION), PL_origargv);/* try again */
4250 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setuid (suidperl cannot exec perl)\n");
4251 # endif /* IAMSUID */
4253 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(fdscript);
4254 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(suidscript);
4255 if (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid) { /* (suidperl doesn't exist, in fact) */
4256 # ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
4257 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(rsfp);
4259 PerlLIO_fstat(PerlIO_fileno(rsfp),&PL_statbuf); /* may be either wrapped or real suid */
4260 if ((PL_euid != PL_uid && PL_euid == PL_statbuf.st_uid && PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID)
4262 (PL_egid != PL_gid && PL_egid == PL_statbuf.st_gid && PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISGID)
4265 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "YOU HAVEN'T DISABLED SET-ID SCRIPTS IN THE KERNEL YET!\n\
4266 FIX YOUR KERNEL, PUT A C WRAPPER AROUND THIS SCRIPT, OR USE -u AND UNDUMP!\n");
4267 # endif /* SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW */
4268 /* not set-id, must be wrapped */
4271 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(validarg);
4272 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(scriptname);
4273 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(linestr_sv);
4277 S_find_beginning(pTHX_ SV* linestr_sv, PerlIO *rsfp)
4281 register const char *s2;
4282 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4286 /* skip forward in input to the real script? */
4288 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4289 /* Since the Mac OS does not honor #! arguments for us, we do it ourselves */
4291 while (PL_doextract || gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
4292 if ((s = sv_gets(linestr_sv, rsfp, 0)) == NULL) {
4293 if (!gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract)
4294 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No Perl script found in input\n");
4296 if (PL_doextract) /* require explicit override ? */
4297 if (!OverrideExtract(PL_origfilename))
4298 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "User aborted script\n");
4300 PL_doextract = FALSE;
4302 /* Pater peccavi, file does not have #! */
4303 PerlIO_rewind(rsfp);
4308 while (PL_doextract) {
4309 if ((s = sv_gets(linestr_sv, rsfp, 0)) == NULL)
4310 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No Perl script found in input\n");
4313 if (*s == '#' && s[1] == '!' && ((s = instr(s,"perl")) || (s = instr(s2,"PERL")))) {
4314 PerlIO_ungetc(rsfp, '\n'); /* to keep line count right */
4315 PL_doextract = FALSE;
4316 while (*s && !(isSPACE (*s) || *s == '#')) s++;
4318 while (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t') s++;
4320 while (isDIGIT(s2[-1]) || s2[-1] == '-' || s2[-1] == '.'
4321 || s2[-1] == '_') s2--;
4322 if (strnEQ(s2-4,"perl",4))
4323 while ((s = moreswitches(s)))
4326 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4327 /* We are always searching for the #!perl line in MacPerl,
4328 * so if we find it, still keep the line count correct
4329 * by counting lines we already skipped over
4331 for (; maclines > 0 ; maclines--)
4332 PerlIO_ungetc(rsfp, '\n');
4336 /* gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract is false in MPW tool */
4337 } else if (gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
4349 PL_uid = PerlProc_getuid();
4350 PL_euid = PerlProc_geteuid();
4351 PL_gid = PerlProc_getgid();
4352 PL_egid = PerlProc_getegid();
4354 PL_uid |= PL_gid << 16;
4355 PL_euid |= PL_egid << 16;
4357 /* Should not happen: */
4358 CHECK_MALLOC_TAINT(PL_uid && (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid));
4359 PL_tainting |= (PL_uid && (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid));
4362 * Should go by suidscript, not uid!=euid: why disallow
4363 * system("ls") in scripts run from setuid things?
4364 * Or, is this run before we check arguments and set suidscript?
4365 * What about SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW: could we use fdscript then?
4366 * (We never have suidscript, can we be sure to have fdscript?)
4367 * Or must then go by UID checks? See comments in forbid_setid also.
4371 /* This is used very early in the lifetime of the program,
4372 * before even the options are parsed, so PL_tainting has
4373 * not been initialized properly. */
4375 Perl_doing_taint(int argc, char *argv[], char *envp[])
4377 #ifndef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
4378 /* If we have PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS we can't call getuid() et alia
4379 * before we have an interpreter-- and the whole point of this
4380 * function is to be called at such an early stage. If you are on
4381 * a system with PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS but you do have a concept of
4382 * "tainted because running with altered effective ids', you'll
4383 * have to add your own checks somewhere in here. The two most
4384 * known samples of 'implicitness' are Win32 and NetWare, neither
4385 * of which has much of concept of 'uids'. */
4386 int uid = PerlProc_getuid();
4387 int euid = PerlProc_geteuid();
4388 int gid = PerlProc_getgid();
4389 int egid = PerlProc_getegid();
4396 if (uid && (euid != uid || egid != gid))
4398 #endif /* !PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS */
4399 /* This is a really primitive check; environment gets ignored only
4400 * if -T are the first chars together; otherwise one gets
4401 * "Too late" message. */
4402 if ( argc > 1 && argv[1][0] == '-'
4403 && (argv[1][1] == 't' || argv[1][1] == 'T') )
4408 /* Passing the flag as a single char rather than a string is a slight space
4409 optimisation. The only message that isn't /^-.$/ is
4410 "program input from stdin", which is substituted in place of '\0', which
4411 could never be a command line flag. */
4413 S_forbid_setid(pTHX_ const char flag, const int suidscript)
4416 char string[3] = "-x";
4417 const char *message = "program input from stdin";
4424 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
4425 if (PL_euid != PL_uid)
4426 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed while running setuid", message);
4427 if (PL_egid != PL_gid)
4428 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed while running setgid", message);
4429 #endif /* SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW */
4431 * Checks for UID/GID above "wrong": why disallow
4432 * perl -e 'print "Hello\n"'
4433 * from within setuid things?? Simply drop them: replaced by
4434 * fdscript/suidscript and #ifdef IAMSUID checks below.
4436 * This may be too late for command-line switches. Will catch those on
4437 * the #! line, after finding the script name and setting up
4438 * fdscript/suidscript. Note that suidperl does not get around to
4439 * parsing (and checking) the switches on the #! line, but checks that
4440 * the two sets are identical.
4442 * With SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW, could we use fdscript, also or
4443 * instead, or would that be "too late"? (We never have suidscript, can
4444 * we be sure to have fdscript?)
4446 * Catch things with suidscript (in descendant of suidperl), even with
4447 * right UID/GID. Was already checked in suidperl, with #ifdef IAMSUID,
4448 * below; but I am paranoid.
4450 * Also see comments about root running a setuid script, elsewhere.
4452 if (suidscript >= 0)
4453 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed with (suid) fdscript", message);
4455 /* PSz 11 Nov 03 Catch it in suidperl, always! */
4456 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed in suidperl", message);
4457 #endif /* IAMSUID */
4461 Perl_init_debugger(pTHX)
4464 HV * const ostash = PL_curstash;
4466 PL_curstash = PL_debstash;
4467 PL_dbargs = GvAV(gv_AVadd((gv_fetchpvs("DB::args", GV_ADDMULTI,
4469 AvREAL_off(PL_dbargs);
4470 PL_DBgv = gv_fetchpvs("DB::DB", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVGV);
4471 PL_DBline = gv_fetchpvs("DB::dbline", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVAV);
4472 PL_DBsub = gv_HVadd(gv_fetchpvs("DB::sub", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
4473 PL_DBsingle = GvSV((gv_fetchpvs("DB::single", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
4474 sv_setiv(PL_DBsingle, 0);
4475 PL_DBtrace = GvSV((gv_fetchpvs("DB::trace", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
4476 sv_setiv(PL_DBtrace, 0);
4477 PL_DBsignal = GvSV((gv_fetchpvs("DB::signal", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
4478 sv_setiv(PL_DBsignal, 0);
4479 PL_curstash = ostash;
4482 #ifndef STRESS_REALLOC
4483 #define REASONABLE(size) (size)
4485 #define REASONABLE(size) (1) /* unreasonable */
4489 Perl_init_stacks(pTHX)
4492 /* start with 128-item stack and 8K cxstack */
4493 PL_curstackinfo = new_stackinfo(REASONABLE(128),
4494 REASONABLE(8192/sizeof(PERL_CONTEXT) - 1));
4495 PL_curstackinfo->si_type = PERLSI_MAIN;
4496 PL_curstack = PL_curstackinfo->si_stack;
4497 PL_mainstack = PL_curstack; /* remember in case we switch stacks */
4499 PL_stack_base = AvARRAY(PL_curstack);
4500 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base;
4501 PL_stack_max = PL_stack_base + AvMAX(PL_curstack);
4503 Newx(PL_tmps_stack,REASONABLE(128),SV*);
4506 PL_tmps_max = REASONABLE(128);
4508 Newx(PL_markstack,REASONABLE(32),I32);
4509 PL_markstack_ptr = PL_markstack;
4510 PL_markstack_max = PL_markstack + REASONABLE(32);
4514 Newx(PL_scopestack,REASONABLE(32),I32);
4515 PL_scopestack_ix = 0;
4516 PL_scopestack_max = REASONABLE(32);
4518 Newx(PL_savestack,REASONABLE(128),ANY);
4519 PL_savestack_ix = 0;
4520 PL_savestack_max = REASONABLE(128);
4529 while (PL_curstackinfo->si_next)
4530 PL_curstackinfo = PL_curstackinfo->si_next;
4531 while (PL_curstackinfo) {
4532 PERL_SI *p = PL_curstackinfo->si_prev;
4533 /* curstackinfo->si_stack got nuked by sv_free_arenas() */
4534 Safefree(PL_curstackinfo->si_cxstack);
4535 Safefree(PL_curstackinfo);
4536 PL_curstackinfo = p;
4538 Safefree(PL_tmps_stack);
4539 Safefree(PL_markstack);
4540 Safefree(PL_scopestack);
4541 Safefree(PL_savestack);
4546 S_init_predump_symbols(pTHX)
4552 sv_setpvn(get_sv("\"", TRUE), " ", 1);
4553 PL_stdingv = gv_fetchpvs("STDIN", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVIO);
4554 GvMULTI_on(PL_stdingv);
4555 io = GvIOp(PL_stdingv);
4556 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_RDONLY;
4557 IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stdin();
4558 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvs("stdin", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV);
4560 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc_simple(io);
4562 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvs("STDOUT", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVIO);
4565 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_WRONLY;
4566 IoOFP(io) = IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stdout();
4568 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvs("stdout", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV);
4570 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc_simple(io);
4572 PL_stderrgv = gv_fetchpvs("STDERR", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVIO);
4573 GvMULTI_on(PL_stderrgv);
4574 io = GvIOp(PL_stderrgv);
4575 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_WRONLY;
4576 IoOFP(io) = IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stderr();
4577 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvs("stderr", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV);
4579 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc_simple(io);
4581 PL_statname = newSV(0); /* last filename we did stat on */
4583 Safefree(PL_osname);
4584 PL_osname = savepv(OSNAME);
4588 Perl_init_argv_symbols(pTHX_ register int argc, register char **argv)
4591 argc--,argv++; /* skip name of script */
4592 if (PL_doswitches) {
4593 for (; argc > 0 && **argv == '-'; argc--,argv++) {
4597 if (argv[0][1] == '-' && !argv[0][2]) {
4601 if ((s = strchr(argv[0], '='))) {
4602 const char *const start_name = argv[0] + 1;
4603 sv_setpv(GvSV(gv_fetchpvn_flags(start_name, s - start_name,
4604 TRUE, SVt_PV)), s + 1);
4607 sv_setiv(GvSV(gv_fetchpv(argv[0]+1, GV_ADD, SVt_PV)),1);
4610 if ((PL_argvgv = gv_fetchpvs("ARGV", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVAV))) {
4611 GvMULTI_on(PL_argvgv);
4612 (void)gv_AVadd(PL_argvgv);
4613 av_clear(GvAVn(PL_argvgv));
4614 for (; argc > 0; argc--,argv++) {
4615 SV * const sv = newSVpv(argv[0],0);
4616 av_push(GvAVn(PL_argvgv),sv);
4617 if (!(PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_LOCALE_FLAG) || PL_utf8locale) {
4618 if (PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_ARGV_FLAG)
4621 if (PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_WIDESYSCALLS_FLAG) /* Sarathy? */
4622 (void)sv_utf8_decode(sv);
4628 S_init_postdump_symbols(pTHX_ register int argc, register char **argv, register char **env)
4633 PL_toptarget = newSV_type(SVt_PVFM);
4634 sv_setpvn(PL_toptarget, "", 0);
4635 PL_bodytarget = newSV_type(SVt_PVFM);
4636 sv_setpvn(PL_bodytarget, "", 0);
4637 PL_formtarget = PL_bodytarget;
4641 init_argv_symbols(argc,argv);
4643 if ((tmpgv = gv_fetchpvs("0", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV))) {
4644 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4645 /* $0 is not majick on a Mac */
4646 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv),MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
4648 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv),PL_origfilename);
4649 magicname("0", "0", 1);
4652 if ((PL_envgv = gv_fetchpvs("ENV", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVHV))) {
4654 bool env_is_not_environ;
4655 GvMULTI_on(PL_envgv);
4656 hv = GvHVn(PL_envgv);
4657 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_env);
4659 #ifdef USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY
4660 /* Note that if the supplied env parameter is actually a copy
4661 of the global environ then it may now point to free'd memory
4662 if the environment has been modified since. To avoid this
4663 problem we treat env==NULL as meaning 'use the default'
4667 env_is_not_environ = env != environ;
4668 if (env_is_not_environ
4669 # ifdef USE_ITHREADS
4670 && PL_curinterp == aTHX
4679 for (; *env; env++) {
4680 if (!(s = strchr(*env,'=')) || s == *env)
4682 #if defined(MSDOS) && !defined(DJGPP)
4687 sv = newSVpv(s+1, 0);
4688 (void)hv_store(hv, *env, s - *env, sv, 0);
4689 if (env_is_not_environ)
4693 #endif /* USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY */
4694 #endif /* !PERL_MICRO */
4697 if ((tmpgv = gv_fetchpvs("$", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV))) {
4698 SvREADONLY_off(GvSV(tmpgv));
4699 sv_setiv(GvSV(tmpgv), (IV)PerlProc_getpid());
4700 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(tmpgv));
4702 #ifdef THREADS_HAVE_PIDS
4703 PL_ppid = (IV)getppid();
4706 /* touch @F array to prevent spurious warnings 20020415 MJD */
4708 (void) get_av("main::F", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4713 S_init_perllib(pTHX)
4719 s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL5LIB");
4721 * It isn't possible to delete an environment variable with
4722 * PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV set unless unsetenv() is also available, so in that
4723 * case we treat PERL5LIB as undefined if it has a zero-length value.
4725 #if defined(PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV) && ! defined(HAS_UNSETENV)
4726 if (s && *s != '\0')
4730 incpush(s, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE);
4732 incpush(PerlEnv_getenv("PERLLIB"), FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4734 /* Treat PERL5?LIB as a possible search list logical name -- the
4735 * "natural" VMS idiom for a Unix path string. We allow each
4736 * element to be a set of |-separated directories for compatibility.
4740 if (my_trnlnm("PERL5LIB",buf,0))
4741 do { incpush(buf,TRUE,TRUE,TRUE,FALSE); } while (my_trnlnm("PERL5LIB",buf,++idx));
4743 while (my_trnlnm("PERLLIB",buf,idx++)) incpush(buf,FALSE,FALSE,TRUE,FALSE);
4747 /* Use the ~-expanded versions of APPLLIB (undocumented),
4748 ARCHLIB PRIVLIB SITEARCH SITELIB VENDORARCH and VENDORLIB
4751 incpush(APPLLIB_EXP, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4755 incpush(ARCHLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4757 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4760 SV * privdir = newSV(0);
4761 char * macperl = PerlEnv_getenv("MACPERL");
4766 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ privdir, "%slib:", macperl);
4767 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(privdir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 && S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode))
4768 incpush(SvPVX(privdir), TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4769 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ privdir, "%ssite_perl:", macperl);
4770 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(privdir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 && S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode))
4771 incpush(SvPVX(privdir), TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4773 SvREFCNT_dec(privdir);
4776 incpush(":", FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4779 # define PRIVLIB_EXP "/usr/local/lib/perl5:/usr/local/lib/perl"
4782 incpush(PRIVLIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4784 incpush(PRIVLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4788 /* sitearch is always relative to sitelib on Windows for
4789 * DLL-based path intuition to work correctly */
4790 # if !defined(WIN32)
4791 incpush(SITEARCH_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4797 /* this picks up sitearch as well */
4798 incpush(SITELIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4800 incpush(SITELIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4804 #if defined(SITELIB_STEM) && defined(PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST)
4805 /* Search for version-specific dirs below here */
4806 incpush(SITELIB_STEM, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4809 #ifdef PERL_VENDORARCH_EXP
4810 /* vendorarch is always relative to vendorlib on Windows for
4811 * DLL-based path intuition to work correctly */
4812 # if !defined(WIN32)
4813 incpush(PERL_VENDORARCH_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4817 #ifdef PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP
4819 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE); /* this picks up vendorarch as well */
4821 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4825 #ifdef PERL_VENDORLIB_STEM /* Search for version-specific dirs below here */
4826 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_STEM, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4829 #ifdef PERL_OTHERLIBDIRS
4830 incpush(PERL_OTHERLIBDIRS, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4834 incpush(".", FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4835 #endif /* MACOS_TRADITIONAL */
4838 #if defined(DOSISH) || defined(EPOC) || defined(__SYMBIAN32__)
4839 # define PERLLIB_SEP ';'
4842 # define PERLLIB_SEP '|'
4844 # if defined(MACOS_TRADITIONAL)
4845 # define PERLLIB_SEP ','
4847 # define PERLLIB_SEP ':'
4851 #ifndef PERLLIB_MANGLE
4852 # define PERLLIB_MANGLE(s,n) (s)
4855 /* Push a directory onto @INC if it exists.
4856 Generate a new SV if we do this, to save needing to copy the SV we push
4859 S_incpush_if_exists(pTHX_ SV *dir)
4863 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX_const(dir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 &&
4864 S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode)) {
4865 av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), dir);
4872 S_incpush(pTHX_ const char *dir, bool addsubdirs, bool addoldvers, bool usesep,
4877 const char *p = dir;
4882 if (addsubdirs || addoldvers) {
4886 /* Break at all separators */
4888 SV *libdir = newSV(0);
4891 /* skip any consecutive separators */
4893 while ( *p == PERLLIB_SEP ) {
4894 /* Uncomment the next line for PATH semantics */
4895 /* av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), newSVpvs(".")); */
4900 if ( usesep && (s = strchr(p, PERLLIB_SEP)) != NULL ) {
4901 sv_setpvn(libdir, PERLLIB_MANGLE(p, (STRLEN)(s - p)),
4906 sv_setpv(libdir, PERLLIB_MANGLE(p, 0));
4907 p = NULL; /* break out */
4909 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4910 if (!strchr(SvPVX(libdir), ':')) {
4913 sv_setpv(libdir, MacPerl_CanonDir(SvPVX(libdir), buf, 0));
4915 if (SvPVX(libdir)[SvCUR(libdir)-1] != ':')
4916 sv_catpvs(libdir, ":");
4919 /* Do the if() outside the #ifdef to avoid warnings about an unused
4922 #ifdef PERL_RELOCATABLE_INC
4924 * Relocatable include entries are marked with a leading .../
4927 * 0: Remove that leading ".../"
4928 * 1: Remove trailing executable name (anything after the last '/')
4929 * from the perl path to give a perl prefix
4931 * While the @INC element starts "../" and the prefix ends with a real
4932 * directory (ie not . or ..) chop that real directory off the prefix
4933 * and the leading "../" from the @INC element. ie a logical "../"
4935 * Finally concatenate the prefix and the remainder of the @INC element
4936 * The intent is that /usr/local/bin/perl and .../../lib/perl5
4937 * generates /usr/local/lib/perl5
4939 const char *libpath = SvPVX(libdir);
4940 STRLEN libpath_len = SvCUR(libdir);
4941 if (libpath_len >= 4 && memEQ (libpath, ".../", 4)) {
4943 SV * const caret_X = get_sv("\030", 0);
4944 /* Going to use the SV just as a scratch buffer holding a C
4950 /* $^X is *the* source of taint if tainting is on, hence
4951 SvPOK() won't be true. */
4953 assert(SvPOKp(caret_X));
4954 prefix_sv = newSVpvn_flags(SvPVX(caret_X), SvCUR(caret_X),
4956 /* Firstly take off the leading .../
4957 If all else fail we'll do the paths relative to the current
4959 sv_chop(libdir, libpath + 4);
4960 /* Don't use SvPV as we're intentionally bypassing taining,
4961 mortal copies that the mg_get of tainting creates, and
4962 corruption that seems to come via the save stack.
4963 I guess that the save stack isn't correctly set up yet. */
4964 libpath = SvPVX(libdir);
4965 libpath_len = SvCUR(libdir);
4967 /* This would work more efficiently with memrchr, but as it's
4968 only a GNU extension we'd need to probe for it and
4969 implement our own. Not hard, but maybe not worth it? */
4971 prefix = SvPVX(prefix_sv);
4972 lastslash = strrchr(prefix, '/');
4974 /* First time in with the *lastslash = '\0' we just wipe off
4975 the trailing /perl from (say) /usr/foo/bin/perl
4979 while ((*lastslash = '\0'), /* Do that, come what may. */
4980 (libpath_len >= 3 && memEQ(libpath, "../", 3)
4981 && (lastslash = strrchr(prefix, '/')))) {
4982 if (lastslash[1] == '\0'
4983 || (lastslash[1] == '.'
4984 && (lastslash[2] == '/' /* ends "/." */
4985 || (lastslash[2] == '/'
4986 && lastslash[3] == '/' /* or "/.." */
4988 /* Prefix ends "/" or "/." or "/..", any of which
4989 are fishy, so don't do any more logical cleanup.
4993 /* Remove leading "../" from path */
4996 /* Next iteration round the loop removes the last
4997 directory name from prefix by writing a '\0' in
4998 the while clause. */
5000 /* prefix has been terminated with a '\0' to the correct
5001 length. libpath points somewhere into the libdir SV.
5002 We need to join the 2 with '/' and drop the result into
5004 tempsv = Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "%s/%s", prefix, libpath);
5005 SvREFCNT_dec(libdir);
5006 /* And this is the new libdir. */
5009 (PL_uid != PL_euid || PL_gid != PL_egid)) {
5010 /* Need to taint reloccated paths if running set ID */
5011 SvTAINTED_on(libdir);
5014 SvREFCNT_dec(prefix_sv);
5019 * BEFORE pushing libdir onto @INC we may first push version- and
5020 * archname-specific sub-directories.
5022 if (addsubdirs || addoldvers) {
5023 #ifdef PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST
5024 /* Configure terminates PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST with a NULL */
5025 const char * const incverlist[] = { PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST };
5026 const char * const *incver;
5032 if ((unix = tounixspec_ts(SvPV(libdir,len),NULL)) != NULL) {
5034 while (unix[len-1] == '/') len--; /* Cosmetic */
5035 sv_usepvn(libdir,unix,len);
5038 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log,
5039 "Failed to unixify @INC element \"%s\"\n",
5043 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
5044 #define PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT ""
5045 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT "%s:"
5046 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_FS_VER_FMT PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT
5048 #define PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT "/"
5049 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT "/%s"
5050 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT PERL_FS_VER_FMT
5052 /* .../version/archname if -d .../version/archname */
5053 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_ARCH_FMT,
5055 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
5056 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION, ARCHNAME);
5057 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
5059 /* .../version if -d .../version */
5060 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH,
5062 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
5063 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION);
5064 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
5066 /* .../archname if -d .../archname */
5067 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT,
5068 SVfARG(libdir), ARCHNAME);
5069 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
5073 #ifdef PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST
5075 for (incver = incverlist; *incver; incver++) {
5076 /* .../xxx if -d .../xxx */
5077 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT,
5078 SVfARG(libdir), *incver);
5079 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
5085 /* finally push this lib directory on the end of @INC */
5086 av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), libdir);
5089 assert (SvREFCNT(subdir) == 1);
5090 SvREFCNT_dec(subdir);
5096 Perl_call_list(pTHX_ I32 oldscope, AV *paramList)
5100 volatile const line_t oldline = PL_curcop ? CopLINE(PL_curcop) : 0;
5106 while (av_len(paramList) >= 0) {
5107 cv = (CV*)av_shift(paramList);
5109 if (paramList == PL_beginav) {
5110 /* save PL_beginav for compiler */
5111 Perl_av_create_and_push(aTHX_ &PL_beginav_save, (SV*)cv);
5113 else if (paramList == PL_checkav) {
5114 /* save PL_checkav for compiler */
5115 Perl_av_create_and_push(aTHX_ &PL_checkav_save, (SV*)cv);
5117 else if (paramList == PL_unitcheckav) {
5118 /* save PL_unitcheckav for compiler */
5119 Perl_av_create_and_push(aTHX_ &PL_unitcheckav_save, (SV*)cv);
5130 PL_madskills |= 16384;
5135 PL_madskills &= ~16384;
5138 (void)SvPV_const(atsv, len);
5140 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
5141 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
5142 if (paramList == PL_beginav)
5143 sv_catpvs(atsv, "BEGIN failed--compilation aborted");
5145 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ atsv,
5146 "%s failed--call queue aborted",
5147 paramList == PL_checkav ? "CHECK"
5148 : paramList == PL_initav ? "INIT"
5149 : paramList == PL_unitcheckav ? "UNITCHECK"
5151 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
5154 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%"SVf"", SVfARG(atsv));
5161 /* my_exit() was called */
5162 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
5165 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
5166 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
5167 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
5169 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED)) {
5170 if (paramList == PL_beginav)
5171 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "BEGIN failed--compilation aborted");
5173 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s failed--call queue aborted",
5174 paramList == PL_checkav ? "CHECK"
5175 : paramList == PL_initav ? "INIT"
5176 : paramList == PL_unitcheckav ? "UNITCHECK"
5183 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
5184 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
5187 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: restartop\n");
5196 Perl_my_exit(pTHX_ U32 status)
5199 DEBUG_S(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "my_exit: thread %p, status %lu\n",
5200 (void*)thr, (unsigned long) status));
5209 STATUS_EXIT_SET(status);
5216 Perl_my_failure_exit(pTHX)
5220 /* We have been called to fall on our sword. The desired exit code
5221 * should be already set in STATUS_UNIX, but could be shifted over
5222 * by 8 bits. STATUS_UNIX_EXIT_SET will handle the cases where a
5225 * If an error code has not been set, then force the issue.
5227 if (MY_POSIX_EXIT) {
5229 /* In POSIX_EXIT mode follow Perl documentations and use 255 for
5230 * the exit code when there isn't an error.
5233 if (STATUS_UNIX == 0)
5234 STATUS_UNIX_EXIT_SET(255);
5236 STATUS_UNIX_EXIT_SET(STATUS_UNIX);
5238 /* The exit code could have been set by $? or vmsish which
5239 * means that it may not be fatal. So convert
5240 * success/warning codes to fatal.
5242 if ((STATUS_NATIVE & (STS$K_SEVERE|STS$K_ERROR)) == 0)
5243 STATUS_UNIX_EXIT_SET(255);
5247 /* Traditionally Perl on VMS always expects a Fatal Error. */
5248 if (vaxc$errno & 1) {
5250 /* So force success status to failure */
5251 if (STATUS_NATIVE & 1)
5256 STATUS_UNIX = EINTR; /* In case something cares */
5261 STATUS_NATIVE = vaxc$errno; /* Should already be this */
5263 /* Encode the severity code */
5264 severity = STATUS_NATIVE & STS$M_SEVERITY;
5265 STATUS_UNIX = (severity ? severity : 1) << 8;
5267 /* Perl expects this to be a fatal error */
5268 if (severity != STS$K_SEVERE)
5277 STATUS_UNIX_SET(errno);
5279 exitstatus = STATUS_UNIX >> 8;
5280 if (exitstatus & 255)
5281 STATUS_UNIX_SET(exitstatus);
5283 STATUS_UNIX_SET(255);
5290 S_my_exit_jump(pTHX)
5295 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
5299 POPSTACK_TO(PL_mainstack);
5307 read_e_script(pTHX_ int idx, SV *buf_sv, int maxlen)
5310 const char * const p = SvPVX_const(PL_e_script);
5311 const char *nl = strchr(p, '\n');
5313 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(idx);
5314 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(maxlen);
5316 nl = (nl) ? nl+1 : SvEND(PL_e_script);
5318 filter_del(read_e_script);
5321 sv_catpvn(buf_sv, p, nl-p);
5322 sv_chop(PL_e_script, nl);
5328 * c-indentation-style: bsd
5330 * indent-tabs-mode: t
5333 * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 noet: