3 * Copyright (C) 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
4 * 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * "A ship then new they built for him/of mithril and of elven glass" --Bilbo
15 /* This file contains the top-level functions that are used to create, use
16 * and destroy a perl interpreter, plus the functions used by XS code to
17 * call back into perl. Note that it does not contain the actual main()
18 * function of the interpreter; that can be found in perlmain.c
23 * Be proud that perl(1) may proclaim:
24 * Setuid Perl scripts are safer than C programs ...
25 * Do not abandon (deprecate) suidperl. Do not advocate C wrappers.
27 * The flow was: perl starts, notices script is suid, execs suidperl with same
28 * arguments; suidperl opens script, checks many things, sets itself with
29 * right UID, execs perl with similar arguments but with script pre-opened on
30 * /dev/fd/xxx; perl checks script is as should be and does work. This was
31 * insecure: see perlsec(1) for many problems with this approach.
33 * The "correct" flow should be: perl starts, opens script and notices it is
34 * suid, checks many things, execs suidperl with similar arguments but with
35 * script on /dev/fd/xxx; suidperl checks script and /dev/fd/xxx object are
36 * same, checks arguments match #! line, sets itself with right UID, execs
37 * perl with same arguments; perl checks many things and does work.
39 * (Opening the script in perl instead of suidperl, we "lose" scripts that
40 * are readable to the target UID but not to the invoker. Where did
41 * unreadable scripts work anyway?)
43 * For now, suidperl and perl are pretty much the same large and cumbersome
44 * program, so suidperl can check its argument list (see comments elsewhere).
47 * Original bug report:
48 * http://bugs.perl.org/index.html?req=bug_id&bug_id=20010322.218
49 * http://rt.perl.org/rt2/Ticket/Display.html?id=6511
50 * Comments and discussion with Debian:
51 * http://bugs.debian.org/203426
52 * http://bugs.debian.org/220486
53 * Debian Security Advisory DSA 431-1 (does not fully fix problem):
54 * http://www.debian.org/security/2004/dsa-431
56 * http://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CAN-2003-0618
57 * Previous versions of this patch sent to perl5-porters:
58 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg71953.html
59 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75245.html
60 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75563.html
61 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75635.html
63 Paul Szabo - psz@maths.usyd.edu.au http://www.maths.usyd.edu.au:8000/u/psz/
64 School of Mathematics and Statistics University of Sydney 2006 Australia
68 * Use truthful, neat, specific error messages.
69 * Cannot always hide the truth; security must not depend on doing so.
73 * Use global(?), thread-local fdscript for easier checks.
74 * (I do not understand how we could possibly get a thread race:
75 * do not all threads go through the same initialization? Or in
76 * fact, are not threads started only after we get the script and
77 * so know what to do? Oh well, make things super-safe...)
81 #define PERL_IN_PERL_C
83 #include "patchlevel.h" /* for local_patches */
87 char *nw_get_sitelib(const char *pl);
90 /* XXX If this causes problems, set i_unistd=undef in the hint file. */
95 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
97 # include <sys/wait.h>
100 # include <sys/uio.h>
105 char control[CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(int))];
122 #if !defined(STANDARD_C) && !defined(HAS_GETENV_PROTOTYPE) && !defined(PERL_MICRO)
123 char *getenv (char *); /* Usually in <stdlib.h> */
126 static I32 read_e_script(pTHX_ int idx, SV *buf_sv, int maxlen);
134 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
141 S_init_tls_and_interp(PerlInterpreter *my_perl)
145 PERL_SET_INTERP(my_perl);
146 #if defined(USE_ITHREADS)
149 PERL_SET_THX(my_perl);
152 MUTEX_INIT(&PL_dollarzero_mutex);
154 #ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
155 MUTEX_INIT(&PL_my_ctx_mutex);
159 PERL_SET_THX(my_perl);
163 #ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
165 perl_alloc_using(struct IPerlMem* ipM, struct IPerlMem* ipMS,
166 struct IPerlMem* ipMP, struct IPerlEnv* ipE,
167 struct IPerlStdIO* ipStd, struct IPerlLIO* ipLIO,
168 struct IPerlDir* ipD, struct IPerlSock* ipS,
169 struct IPerlProc* ipP)
171 PerlInterpreter *my_perl;
172 /* Newx() needs interpreter, so call malloc() instead */
173 my_perl = (PerlInterpreter*)(*ipM->pMalloc)(ipM, sizeof(PerlInterpreter));
174 S_init_tls_and_interp(my_perl);
175 Zero(my_perl, 1, PerlInterpreter);
185 INIT_TRACK_MEMPOOL(PL_memory_debug_header, my_perl);
192 =head1 Embedding Functions
194 =for apidoc perl_alloc
196 Allocates a new Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
204 PerlInterpreter *my_perl;
206 /* Newx() needs interpreter, so call malloc() instead */
207 my_perl = (PerlInterpreter*)PerlMem_malloc(sizeof(PerlInterpreter));
209 S_init_tls_and_interp(my_perl);
210 #ifndef PERL_TRACK_MEMPOOL
211 return (PerlInterpreter *) ZeroD(my_perl, 1, PerlInterpreter);
213 Zero(my_perl, 1, PerlInterpreter);
214 INIT_TRACK_MEMPOOL(PL_memory_debug_header, my_perl);
218 #endif /* PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS */
221 =for apidoc perl_construct
223 Initializes a new Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
229 perl_construct(pTHXx)
235 PL_perl_destruct_level = 1;
237 if (PL_perl_destruct_level > 0)
240 /* Init the real globals (and main thread)? */
242 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling; /* needed by ckWARN, right away */
244 PL_linestr = newSV(79);
245 sv_upgrade(PL_linestr,SVt_PVIV);
247 if (!SvREADONLY(&PL_sv_undef)) {
248 /* set read-only and try to insure than we wont see REFCNT==0
251 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_undef);
252 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_undef) = (~(U32)0)/2;
254 sv_setpv(&PL_sv_no,PL_No);
255 /* value lookup in void context - happens to have the side effect
256 of caching the numeric forms. */
259 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_no);
260 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_no) = (~(U32)0)/2;
262 sv_setpv(&PL_sv_yes,PL_Yes);
265 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_yes);
266 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_yes) = (~(U32)0)/2;
268 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_placeholder);
269 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_placeholder) = (~(U32)0)/2;
272 PL_sighandlerp = (Sighandler_t) Perl_sighandler;
273 #ifdef PERL_USES_PL_PIDSTATUS
274 PL_pidstatus = newHV();
278 PL_rs = newSVpvs("\n");
283 PL_lex_state = LEX_NOTPARSING;
289 SET_NUMERIC_STANDARD();
291 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
292 PL_localpatches = local_patches; /* For possible -v */
295 #ifdef HAVE_INTERP_INTERN
299 PerlIO_init(aTHX); /* Hook to IO system */
301 PL_fdpid = newAV(); /* for remembering popen pids by fd */
302 PL_modglobal = newHV(); /* pointers to per-interpreter module globals */
303 PL_errors = newSVpvs("");
304 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(0), "", 0); /* For regex debugging. */
305 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(1), "", 0); /* ext/re needs these */
306 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(2), "", 0); /* even without DEBUGGING. */
308 PL_regex_padav = newAV();
309 av_push(PL_regex_padav,(SV*)newAV()); /* First entry is an array of empty elements */
310 PL_regex_pad = AvARRAY(PL_regex_padav);
312 #ifdef USE_REENTRANT_API
313 Perl_reentrant_init(aTHX);
316 /* Note that strtab is a rather special HV. Assumptions are made
317 about not iterating on it, and not adding tie magic to it.
318 It is properly deallocated in perl_destruct() */
321 HvSHAREKEYS_off(PL_strtab); /* mandatory */
322 hv_ksplit(PL_strtab, 512);
324 #if defined(__DYNAMIC__) && (defined(NeXT) || defined(__NeXT__))
325 _dyld_lookup_and_bind
326 ("__environ", (unsigned long *) &environ_pointer, NULL);
330 # ifdef USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY
331 PL_origenviron = environ;
335 /* Use sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK) if available, if not
336 * available or if the sysconf() fails, use the HZ.
337 * BeOS has those, but returns the wrong value.
338 * The HZ if not originally defined has been by now
339 * been defined as CLK_TCK, if available. */
340 #if defined(HAS_SYSCONF) && defined(_SC_CLK_TCK) && !defined(__BEOS__)
341 PL_clocktick = sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK);
342 if (PL_clocktick <= 0)
346 PL_stashcache = newHV();
348 PL_patchlevel = Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "%d.%d.%d", (int)PERL_REVISION,
349 (int)PERL_VERSION, (int)PERL_SUBVERSION);
352 if (!PL_mmap_page_size) {
353 #if defined(HAS_SYSCONF) && (defined(_SC_PAGESIZE) || defined(_SC_MMAP_PAGE_SIZE))
355 SETERRNO(0, SS_NORMAL);
357 PL_mmap_page_size = sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE);
359 PL_mmap_page_size = sysconf(_SC_MMAP_PAGE_SIZE);
361 if ((long) PL_mmap_page_size < 0) {
363 SV * const error = ERRSV;
364 SvUPGRADE(error, SVt_PV);
365 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: sysconf: %s", SvPV_nolen_const(error));
368 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: sysconf: pagesize unknown");
372 # ifdef HAS_GETPAGESIZE
373 PL_mmap_page_size = getpagesize();
375 # if defined(I_SYS_PARAM) && defined(PAGESIZE)
376 PL_mmap_page_size = PAGESIZE; /* compiletime, bad */
380 if (PL_mmap_page_size <= 0)
381 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: bad pagesize %" IVdf,
382 (IV) PL_mmap_page_size);
384 #endif /* HAS_MMAP */
386 #if defined(HAS_TIMES) && defined(PERL_NEED_TIMESBASE)
387 PL_timesbase.tms_utime = 0;
388 PL_timesbase.tms_stime = 0;
389 PL_timesbase.tms_cutime = 0;
390 PL_timesbase.tms_cstime = 0;
401 =for apidoc nothreadhook
403 Stub that provides thread hook for perl_destruct when there are
410 Perl_nothreadhook(pTHX)
416 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
418 Perl_dump_sv_child(pTHX_ SV *sv)
421 const int sock = PL_dumper_fd;
422 const int debug_fd = PerlIO_fileno(Perl_debug_log);
423 union control_un control;
426 struct cmsghdr *cmptr;
428 unsigned char buffer[256];
430 if(sock == -1 || debug_fd == -1)
433 PerlIO_flush(Perl_debug_log);
435 /* All these shenanigans are to pass a file descriptor over to our child for
436 it to dump out to. We can't let it hold open the file descriptor when it
437 forks, as the file descriptor it will dump to can turn out to be one end
438 of pipe that some other process will wait on for EOF. (So as it would
439 be open, the wait would be forever. */
441 msg.msg_control = control.control;
442 msg.msg_controllen = sizeof(control.control);
443 /* We're a connected socket so we don't need a destination */
449 cmptr = CMSG_FIRSTHDR(&msg);
450 cmptr->cmsg_len = CMSG_LEN(sizeof(int));
451 cmptr->cmsg_level = SOL_SOCKET;
452 cmptr->cmsg_type = SCM_RIGHTS;
453 *((int *)CMSG_DATA(cmptr)) = 1;
455 vec[0].iov_base = (void*)&sv;
456 vec[0].iov_len = sizeof(sv);
457 got = sendmsg(sock, &msg, 0);
460 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent sendmsg failed");
463 if(got < sizeof(sv)) {
464 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent short sendmsg");
468 /* Return protocol is
470 unsigned char: length of location string (0 for empty)
471 unsigned char*: string (not terminated)
473 vec[0].iov_base = (void*)&returned_errno;
474 vec[0].iov_len = sizeof(returned_errno);
475 vec[1].iov_base = buffer;
478 got = readv(sock, vec, 2);
481 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent read failed");
482 PerlIO_flush(PerlIO_stderr());
485 if(got < sizeof(returned_errno) + 1) {
486 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent short read");
487 PerlIO_flush(PerlIO_stderr());
492 got = read(sock, buffer + 1, *buffer);
494 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent read 2 failed");
495 PerlIO_flush(PerlIO_stderr());
500 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent short read 2");
501 PerlIO_flush(PerlIO_stderr());
506 if (returned_errno || *buffer) {
507 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "Debug leaking scalars child failed%s%.*s with errno"
508 " %d: %s", (*buffer ? " at " : ""), (int) *buffer, buffer + 1,
509 returned_errno, strerror(returned_errno));
515 =for apidoc perl_destruct
517 Shuts down a Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
526 volatile int destruct_level; /* 0=none, 1=full, 2=full with checks */
528 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
534 /* wait for all pseudo-forked children to finish */
535 PERL_WAIT_FOR_CHILDREN;
537 destruct_level = PL_perl_destruct_level;
540 const char * const s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL");
542 const int i = atoi(s);
543 if (destruct_level < i)
549 if (PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_DESTRUCT_END) {
555 if (PL_endav && !PL_minus_c)
556 call_list(PL_scopestack_ix, PL_endav);
562 /* Need to flush since END blocks can produce output */
565 if (CALL_FPTR(PL_threadhook)(aTHX)) {
566 /* Threads hook has vetoed further cleanup */
570 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
571 if (destruct_level != 0) {
572 /* Fork here to create a child. Our child's job is to preserve the
573 state of scalars prior to destruction, so that we can instruct it
574 to dump any scalars that we later find have leaked.
575 There's no subtlety in this code - it assumes POSIX, and it doesn't
579 if(socketpair(AF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, 0, fd)) {
580 perror("Debug leaking scalars socketpair failed");
586 perror("Debug leaking scalars fork failed");
590 /* We are the child */
591 const int sock = fd[1];
592 const int debug_fd = PerlIO_fileno(Perl_debug_log);
595 /* Our success message is an integer 0, and a char 0 */
596 static const char success[sizeof(int) + 1];
600 /* We need to close all other file descriptors otherwise we end up
601 with interesting hangs, where the parent closes its end of a
602 pipe, and sits waiting for (another) child to terminate. Only
603 that child never terminates, because it never gets EOF, because
604 we also have the far end of the pipe open. We even need to
605 close the debugging fd, because sometimes it happens to be one
606 end of a pipe, and a process is waiting on the other end for
607 EOF. Normally it would be closed at some point earlier in
608 destruction, but if we happen to cause the pipe to remain open,
609 EOF never occurs, and we get an infinite hang. Hence all the
610 games to pass in a file descriptor if it's actually needed. */
612 f = sysconf(_SC_OPEN_MAX);
614 where = "sysconf failed";
625 union control_un control;
628 struct cmsghdr *cmptr;
632 msg.msg_control = control.control;
633 msg.msg_controllen = sizeof(control.control);
634 /* We're a connected socket so we don't need a source */
638 msg.msg_iovlen = sizeof(vec)/sizeof(vec[0]);
640 vec[0].iov_base = (void*)⌖
641 vec[0].iov_len = sizeof(target);
643 got = recvmsg(sock, &msg, 0);
648 where = "recv failed";
651 if(got < sizeof(target)) {
652 where = "short recv";
656 if(!(cmptr = CMSG_FIRSTHDR(&msg))) {
660 if(cmptr->cmsg_len != CMSG_LEN(sizeof(int))) {
661 where = "wrong cmsg_len";
664 if(cmptr->cmsg_level != SOL_SOCKET) {
665 where = "wrong cmsg_level";
668 if(cmptr->cmsg_type != SCM_RIGHTS) {
669 where = "wrong cmsg_type";
673 got_fd = *(int*)CMSG_DATA(cmptr);
674 /* For our last little bit of trickery, put the file descriptor
675 back into Perl_debug_log, as if we never actually closed it
677 if(got_fd != debug_fd) {
678 if (dup2(got_fd, debug_fd) == -1) {
685 PerlIO_flush(Perl_debug_log);
687 got = write(sock, &success, sizeof(success));
690 where = "write failed";
693 if(got < sizeof(success)) {
694 where = "short write";
701 int send_errno = errno;
702 unsigned char length = (unsigned char) strlen(where);
703 struct iovec failure[3] = {
704 {(void*)&send_errno, sizeof(send_errno)},
706 {(void*)where, length}
708 int got = writev(sock, failure, 3);
709 /* Bad news travels fast. Faster than data. We'll get a SIGPIPE
710 in the parent if we try to read from the socketpair after the
711 child has exited, even if there was data to read.
712 So sleep a bit to give the parent a fighting chance of
715 _exit((got == -1) ? errno : 0);
719 PL_dumper_fd = fd[0];
724 /* We must account for everything. */
726 /* Destroy the main CV and syntax tree */
727 /* Do this now, because destroying ops can cause new SVs to be generated
728 in Perl_pad_swipe, and when running with -DDEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS they
729 PL_curcop to point to a valid op from which the filename structure
731 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
733 /* ensure comppad/curpad to refer to main's pad */
734 if (CvPADLIST(PL_main_cv)) {
735 PAD_SET_CUR_NOSAVE(CvPADLIST(PL_main_cv), 1);
737 op_free(PL_main_root);
740 PL_main_start = NULL;
741 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_main_cv);
745 /* Tell PerlIO we are about to tear things apart in case
746 we have layers which are using resources that should
750 PerlIO_destruct(aTHX);
752 if (PL_sv_objcount) {
754 * Try to destruct global references. We do this first so that the
755 * destructors and destructees still exist. Some sv's might remain.
756 * Non-referenced objects are on their own.
760 if (PL_defoutgv && !SvREFCNT(PL_defoutgv))
761 PL_defoutgv = NULL; /* may have been freed */
764 /* unhook hooks which will soon be, or use, destroyed data */
765 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_warnhook);
767 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_diehook);
770 /* call exit list functions */
771 while (PL_exitlistlen-- > 0)
772 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].fn(aTHX_ PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].ptr);
774 Safefree(PL_exitlist);
779 if (destruct_level == 0){
781 DEBUG_P(debprofdump());
783 #if defined(PERLIO_LAYERS)
784 /* No more IO - including error messages ! */
785 PerlIO_cleanup(aTHX);
788 /* The exit() function will do everything that needs doing. */
792 /* jettison our possibly duplicated environment */
793 /* if PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV is defined environ will not have been copied
794 * so we certainly shouldn't free it here
797 #if defined(USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY) && !defined(PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV)
798 if (environ != PL_origenviron && !PL_use_safe_putenv
800 /* only main thread can free environ[0] contents */
801 && PL_curinterp == aTHX
807 for (i = 0; environ[i]; i++)
808 safesysfree(environ[i]);
810 /* Must use safesysfree() when working with environ. */
811 safesysfree(environ);
813 environ = PL_origenviron;
816 #endif /* !PERL_MICRO */
818 /* reset so print() ends up where we expect */
822 /* the syntax tree is shared between clones
823 * so op_free(PL_main_root) only ReREFCNT_dec's
824 * REGEXPs in the parent interpreter
825 * we need to manually ReREFCNT_dec for the clones
828 I32 i = AvFILLp(PL_regex_padav) + 1;
829 SV * const * const ary = AvARRAY(PL_regex_padav);
832 SV * const resv = ary[--i];
834 if (SvFLAGS(resv) & SVf_BREAK) {
835 /* this is PL_reg_curpm, already freed
836 * flag is set in regexec.c:S_regtry
838 SvFLAGS(resv) &= ~SVf_BREAK;
840 else if(SvREPADTMP(resv)) {
841 SvREPADTMP_off(resv);
843 else if(SvIOKp(resv)) {
844 REGEXP *re = INT2PTR(REGEXP *,SvIVX(resv));
849 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_regex_padav);
850 PL_regex_padav = NULL;
854 SvREFCNT_dec((SV*) PL_stashcache);
855 PL_stashcache = NULL;
857 /* loosen bonds of global variables */
860 (void)PerlIO_close(PL_rsfp);
864 /* Filters for program text */
865 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rsfp_filters);
866 PL_rsfp_filters = NULL;
869 PL_preprocess = FALSE;
875 PL_doswitches = FALSE;
876 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_OFF;
877 PL_doextract = FALSE;
878 PL_sawampersand = FALSE; /* must save all match strings */
881 Safefree(PL_inplace);
883 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_patchlevel);
886 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
892 /* magical thingies */
894 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ofs_sv); /* $, */
897 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ors_sv); /* $\ */
900 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rs); /* $/ */
903 Safefree(PL_osname); /* $^O */
906 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_statname);
910 /* defgv, aka *_ should be taken care of elsewhere */
912 /* clean up after study() */
913 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_lastscream);
914 PL_lastscream = NULL;
915 Safefree(PL_screamfirst);
917 Safefree(PL_screamnext);
921 Safefree(PL_efloatbuf);
925 /* startup and shutdown function lists */
926 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_beginav);
927 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_beginav_save);
928 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_endav);
929 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_checkav);
930 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_checkav_save);
931 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_initav);
933 PL_beginav_save = NULL;
936 PL_checkav_save = NULL;
939 /* shortcuts just get cleared */
948 PL_last_in_gv = NULL;
956 PL_DBassertion = NULL;
961 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_argvout_stack);
962 PL_argvout_stack = NULL;
964 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_modglobal);
966 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_preambleav);
967 PL_preambleav = NULL;
968 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_subname);
970 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_linestr);
972 #ifdef PERL_USES_PL_PIDSTATUS
973 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_pidstatus);
976 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_toptarget);
978 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_bodytarget);
979 PL_bodytarget = NULL;
980 PL_formtarget = NULL;
982 /* free locale stuff */
983 #ifdef USE_LOCALE_COLLATE
984 Safefree(PL_collation_name);
985 PL_collation_name = NULL;
988 #ifdef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC
989 Safefree(PL_numeric_name);
990 PL_numeric_name = NULL;
991 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_numeric_radix_sv);
992 PL_numeric_radix_sv = NULL;
995 /* clear utf8 character classes */
996 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alnum);
997 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alnumc);
998 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_ascii);
999 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alpha);
1000 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_space);
1001 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_cntrl);
1002 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_graph);
1003 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_digit);
1004 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_upper);
1005 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_lower);
1006 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_print);
1007 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_punct);
1008 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_xdigit);
1009 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_mark);
1010 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_toupper);
1011 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_totitle);
1012 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_tolower);
1013 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_tofold);
1014 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_idstart);
1015 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_idcont);
1016 PL_utf8_alnum = NULL;
1017 PL_utf8_alnumc = NULL;
1018 PL_utf8_ascii = NULL;
1019 PL_utf8_alpha = NULL;
1020 PL_utf8_space = NULL;
1021 PL_utf8_cntrl = NULL;
1022 PL_utf8_graph = NULL;
1023 PL_utf8_digit = NULL;
1024 PL_utf8_upper = NULL;
1025 PL_utf8_lower = NULL;
1026 PL_utf8_print = NULL;
1027 PL_utf8_punct = NULL;
1028 PL_utf8_xdigit = NULL;
1029 PL_utf8_mark = NULL;
1030 PL_utf8_toupper = NULL;
1031 PL_utf8_totitle = NULL;
1032 PL_utf8_tolower = NULL;
1033 PL_utf8_tofold = NULL;
1034 PL_utf8_idstart = NULL;
1035 PL_utf8_idcont = NULL;
1037 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
1038 PerlMemShared_free(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
1039 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = NULL;
1040 if (!specialCopIO(PL_compiling.cop_io))
1041 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_io);
1042 PL_compiling.cop_io = NULL;
1043 Perl_refcounted_he_free(aTHX_ PL_compiling.cop_hints);
1044 PL_compiling.cop_hints = NULL;
1045 CopFILE_free(&PL_compiling);
1046 CopSTASH_free(&PL_compiling);
1048 /* Prepare to destruct main symbol table. */
1053 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_curstname);
1054 PL_curstname = NULL;
1056 /* clear queued errors */
1057 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_errors);
1061 if (destruct_level >= 2 && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL)) {
1062 if (PL_scopestack_ix != 0)
1063 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
1064 "Unbalanced scopes: %ld more ENTERs than LEAVEs\n",
1065 (long)PL_scopestack_ix);
1066 if (PL_savestack_ix != 0)
1067 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
1068 "Unbalanced saves: %ld more saves than restores\n",
1069 (long)PL_savestack_ix);
1070 if (PL_tmps_floor != -1)
1071 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Unbalanced tmps: %ld more allocs than frees\n",
1072 (long)PL_tmps_floor + 1);
1073 if (cxstack_ix != -1)
1074 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Unbalanced context: %ld more PUSHes than POPs\n",
1075 (long)cxstack_ix + 1);
1078 /* Now absolutely destruct everything, somehow or other, loops or no. */
1079 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) |= SVTYPEMASK; /* don't clean out pid table now */
1080 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) |= SVTYPEMASK; /* don't clean out strtab now */
1082 /* the 2 is for PL_fdpid and PL_strtab */
1083 while (PL_sv_count > 2 && sv_clean_all())
1086 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) &= ~SVTYPEMASK;
1087 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) |= SVt_PVAV;
1088 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) &= ~SVTYPEMASK;
1089 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) |= SVt_PVHV;
1091 AvREAL_off(PL_fdpid); /* no surviving entries */
1092 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_fdpid); /* needed in io_close() */
1095 #ifdef HAVE_INTERP_INTERN
1099 /* Destruct the global string table. */
1101 /* Yell and reset the HeVAL() slots that are still holding refcounts,
1102 * so that sv_free() won't fail on them.
1103 * Now that the global string table is using a single hunk of memory
1104 * for both HE and HEK, we either need to explicitly unshare it the
1105 * correct way, or actually free things here.
1108 const I32 max = HvMAX(PL_strtab);
1109 HE * const * const array = HvARRAY(PL_strtab);
1110 HE *hent = array[0];
1113 if (hent && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL)) {
1114 HE * const next = HeNEXT(hent);
1115 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
1116 "Unbalanced string table refcount: (%ld) for \"%s\"",
1117 (long)hent->he_valu.hent_refcount, HeKEY(hent));
1124 hent = array[riter];
1129 HvARRAY(PL_strtab) = 0;
1130 HvTOTALKEYS(PL_strtab) = 0;
1131 HvFILL(PL_strtab) = 0;
1133 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_strtab);
1136 /* free the pointer tables used for cloning */
1137 ptr_table_free(PL_ptr_table);
1138 PL_ptr_table = (PTR_TBL_t*)NULL;
1141 /* free special SVs */
1143 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_yes) = 0;
1144 sv_clear(&PL_sv_yes);
1145 SvANY(&PL_sv_yes) = NULL;
1146 SvFLAGS(&PL_sv_yes) = 0;
1148 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_no) = 0;
1149 sv_clear(&PL_sv_no);
1150 SvANY(&PL_sv_no) = NULL;
1151 SvFLAGS(&PL_sv_no) = 0;
1155 for (i=0; i<=2; i++) {
1156 SvREFCNT(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = 0;
1157 sv_clear(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i));
1158 SvANY(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = NULL;
1159 SvFLAGS(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = 0;
1163 if (PL_sv_count != 0 && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
1164 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Scalars leaked: %ld\n", (long)PL_sv_count);
1166 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS
1167 if (PL_sv_count != 0) {
1172 for (sva = PL_sv_arenaroot; sva; sva = (SV*)SvANY(sva)) {
1173 svend = &sva[SvREFCNT(sva)];
1174 for (sv = sva + 1; sv < svend; ++sv) {
1175 if (SvTYPE(sv) != SVTYPEMASK) {
1176 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "leaked: sv=0x%p"
1178 " refcnt=%"UVuf pTHX__FORMAT "\n"
1179 "\tallocated at %s:%d %s %s%s\n",
1180 sv, sv->sv_flags, sv->sv_refcnt pTHX__VALUE,
1181 sv->sv_debug_file ? sv->sv_debug_file : "(unknown)",
1183 sv->sv_debug_inpad ? "for" : "by",
1184 sv->sv_debug_optype ?
1185 PL_op_name[sv->sv_debug_optype]: "(none)",
1186 sv->sv_debug_cloned ? " (cloned)" : ""
1188 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
1189 Perl_dump_sv_child(aTHX_ sv);
1195 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
1199 /* Wait for up to 4 seconds for child to terminate.
1200 This seems to be the least effort way of timing out on reaping
1202 struct timeval waitfor = {4, 0};
1203 int sock = PL_dumper_fd;
1207 FD_SET(sock, &rset);
1208 select(sock + 1, &rset, NULL, NULL, &waitfor);
1209 waitpid(child, &status, WNOHANG);
1217 #if defined(PERLIO_LAYERS)
1218 /* No more IO - including error messages ! */
1219 PerlIO_cleanup(aTHX);
1222 /* sv_undef needs to stay immortal until after PerlIO_cleanup
1223 as currently layers use it rather than NULL as a marker
1224 for no arg - and will try and SvREFCNT_dec it.
1226 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_undef) = 0;
1227 SvREADONLY_off(&PL_sv_undef);
1229 Safefree(PL_origfilename);
1230 PL_origfilename = NULL;
1231 Safefree(PL_reg_start_tmp);
1232 PL_reg_start_tmp = (char**)NULL;
1233 PL_reg_start_tmpl = 0;
1234 Safefree(PL_reg_curpm);
1235 Safefree(PL_reg_poscache);
1236 free_tied_hv_pool();
1237 Safefree(PL_op_mask);
1238 Safefree(PL_psig_ptr);
1239 PL_psig_ptr = (SV**)NULL;
1240 Safefree(PL_psig_name);
1241 PL_psig_name = (SV**)NULL;
1242 Safefree(PL_bitcount);
1244 Safefree(PL_psig_pend);
1245 PL_psig_pend = (int*)NULL;
1248 PL_tainting = FALSE;
1249 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
1250 PL_hints = 0; /* Reset hints. Should hints be per-interpreter ? */
1253 DEBUG_P(debprofdump());
1255 #ifdef USE_REENTRANT_API
1256 Perl_reentrant_free(aTHX);
1261 while (PL_regmatch_slab) {
1262 regmatch_slab *s = PL_regmatch_slab;
1263 PL_regmatch_slab = PL_regmatch_slab->next;
1267 /* As the absolutely last thing, free the non-arena SV for mess() */
1270 /* we know that type == SVt_PVMG */
1272 /* it could have accumulated taint magic */
1275 for (mg = SvMAGIC(PL_mess_sv); mg; mg = moremagic) {
1276 moremagic = mg->mg_moremagic;
1277 if (mg->mg_ptr && mg->mg_type != PERL_MAGIC_regex_global
1279 Safefree(mg->mg_ptr);
1283 /* we know that type >= SVt_PV */
1284 SvPV_free(PL_mess_sv);
1285 Safefree(SvANY(PL_mess_sv));
1286 Safefree(PL_mess_sv);
1293 =for apidoc perl_free
1295 Releases a Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
1303 #ifdef PERL_TRACK_MEMPOOL
1306 * Don't free thread memory if PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL is set to a non-zero
1307 * value as we're probably hunting memory leaks then
1309 const char * const s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL");
1310 if (!s || atoi(s) == 0) {
1311 /* Emulate the PerlHost behaviour of free()ing all memory allocated in this
1312 thread at thread exit. */
1313 while(aTHXx->Imemory_debug_header.next != &(aTHXx->Imemory_debug_header))
1314 safesysfree(sTHX + (char *)(aTHXx->Imemory_debug_header.next));
1319 #if defined(WIN32) || defined(NETWARE)
1320 # if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS)
1323 void *host = nw_internal_host;
1325 void *host = w32_internal_host;
1327 PerlMem_free(aTHXx);
1329 nw_delete_internal_host(host);
1331 win32_delete_internal_host(host);
1335 PerlMem_free(aTHXx);
1338 PerlMem_free(aTHXx);
1342 #if defined(USE_ITHREADS)
1343 /* provide destructors to clean up the thread key when libperl is unloaded */
1344 #ifndef WIN32 /* handled during DLL_PROCESS_DETACH in win32/perllib.c */
1346 #if defined(__hpux) && !(defined(__ux_version) && __ux_version <= 1020) && !defined(__GNUC__)
1347 #pragma fini "perl_fini"
1348 #elif defined(__sun) && !defined(__GNUC__)
1349 #pragma fini (perl_fini)
1353 #if defined(__GNUC__)
1354 __attribute__((destructor))
1364 #endif /* THREADS */
1367 Perl_call_atexit(pTHX_ ATEXIT_t fn, void *ptr)
1370 Renew(PL_exitlist, PL_exitlistlen+1, PerlExitListEntry);
1371 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].fn = fn;
1372 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].ptr = ptr;
1376 #ifdef HAS_PROCSELFEXE
1377 /* This is a function so that we don't hold on to MAXPATHLEN
1378 bytes of stack longer than necessary
1381 S_procself_val(pTHX_ SV *sv, const char *arg0)
1383 char buf[MAXPATHLEN];
1384 int len = readlink(PROCSELFEXE_PATH, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);
1386 /* On Playstation2 Linux V1.0 (kernel 2.2.1) readlink(/proc/self/exe)
1387 includes a spurious NUL which will cause $^X to fail in system
1388 or backticks (this will prevent extensions from being built and
1389 many tests from working). readlink is not meant to add a NUL.
1390 Normal readlink works fine.
1392 if (len > 0 && buf[len-1] == '\0') {
1396 /* FreeBSD's implementation is acknowledged to be imperfect, sometimes
1397 returning the text "unknown" from the readlink rather than the path
1398 to the executable (or returning an error from the readlink). Any valid
1399 path has a '/' in it somewhere, so use that to validate the result.
1400 See http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/query-pr.cgi?pr=35703
1402 if (len > 0 && memchr(buf, '/', len)) {
1403 sv_setpvn(sv,buf,len);
1409 #endif /* HAS_PROCSELFEXE */
1412 S_set_caret_X(pTHX) {
1414 GV* tmpgv = gv_fetchpvs("\030", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV); /* $^X */
1416 #ifdef HAS_PROCSELFEXE
1417 S_procself_val(aTHX_ GvSV(tmpgv), PL_origargv[0]);
1420 sv_setpv(GvSVn(tmpgv), os2_execname(aTHX));
1422 sv_setpv(GvSVn(tmpgv),PL_origargv[0]);
1429 =for apidoc perl_parse
1431 Tells a Perl interpreter to parse a Perl script. See L<perlembed>.
1437 perl_parse(pTHXx_ XSINIT_t xsinit, int argc, char **argv, char **env)
1444 PERL_UNUSED_VAR(my_perl);
1446 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
1449 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "suidperl is no longer needed since the kernel can now execute\n\
1450 setuid perl scripts securely.\n");
1451 #endif /* IAMSUID */
1454 #if defined(USE_HASH_SEED) || defined(USE_HASH_SEED_EXPLICIT)
1455 /* [perl #22371] Algorimic Complexity Attack on Perl 5.6.1, 5.8.0
1456 * This MUST be done before any hash stores or fetches take place.
1457 * If you set PL_rehash_seed (and assumedly also PL_rehash_seed_set)
1458 * yourself, it is your responsibility to provide a good random seed!
1459 * You can also define PERL_HASH_SEED in compile time, see hv.h. */
1460 if (!PL_rehash_seed_set)
1461 PL_rehash_seed = get_hash_seed();
1463 const char * const s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_HASH_SEED_DEBUG");
1465 if (s && (atoi(s) == 1))
1466 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "HASH_SEED = %"UVuf"\n", PL_rehash_seed);
1468 #endif /* #if defined(USE_HASH_SEED) || defined(USE_HASH_SEED_EXPLICIT) */
1473 if (PL_origalen != 0) {
1474 PL_origalen = 1; /* don't use old PL_origalen if perl_parse() is called again */
1477 /* Set PL_origalen be the sum of the contiguous argv[]
1478 * elements plus the size of the env in case that it is
1479 * contiguous with the argv[]. This is used in mg.c:Perl_magic_set()
1480 * as the maximum modifiable length of $0. In the worst case
1481 * the area we are able to modify is limited to the size of
1482 * the original argv[0]. (See below for 'contiguous', though.)
1484 const char *s = NULL;
1487 ~(UV)(PTRSIZE == 4 ? 3 : PTRSIZE == 8 ? 7 : PTRSIZE == 16 ? 15 : 0);
1488 /* Do the mask check only if the args seem like aligned. */
1490 (mask < ~(UV)0) && ((PTR2UV(argv[0]) & mask) == PTR2UV(argv[0]));
1492 /* See if all the arguments are contiguous in memory. Note
1493 * that 'contiguous' is a loose term because some platforms
1494 * align the argv[] and the envp[]. If the arguments look
1495 * like non-aligned, assume that they are 'strictly' or
1496 * 'traditionally' contiguous. If the arguments look like
1497 * aligned, we just check that they are within aligned
1498 * PTRSIZE bytes. As long as no system has something bizarre
1499 * like the argv[] interleaved with some other data, we are
1500 * fine. (Did I just evoke Murphy's Law?) --jhi */
1501 if (PL_origargv && PL_origargc >= 1 && (s = PL_origargv[0])) {
1503 for (i = 1; i < PL_origargc; i++) {
1504 if ((PL_origargv[i] == s + 1
1506 || PL_origargv[i] == s + 2
1511 (PL_origargv[i] > s &&
1513 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1523 /* Can we grab env area too to be used as the area for $0? */
1524 if (s && PL_origenviron) {
1525 if ((PL_origenviron[0] == s + 1
1527 || (PL_origenviron[0] == s + 9 && (s += 8))
1532 (PL_origenviron[0] > s &&
1533 PL_origenviron[0] <=
1534 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1538 s = PL_origenviron[0];
1541 my_setenv("NoNe SuCh", NULL);
1542 /* Force copy of environment. */
1543 for (i = 1; PL_origenviron[i]; i++) {
1544 if (PL_origenviron[i] == s + 1
1547 (PL_origenviron[i] > s &&
1548 PL_origenviron[i] <=
1549 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1552 s = PL_origenviron[i];
1560 PL_origalen = s ? s - PL_origargv[0] + 1 : 0;
1565 /* Come here if running an undumped a.out. */
1567 PL_origfilename = savepv(argv[0]);
1568 PL_do_undump = FALSE;
1569 cxstack_ix = -1; /* start label stack again */
1571 assert (!PL_tainted);
1573 S_set_caret_X(aTHX);
1575 init_postdump_symbols(argc,argv,env);
1580 op_free(PL_main_root);
1581 PL_main_root = NULL;
1583 PL_main_start = NULL;
1584 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_main_cv);
1588 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
1589 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_OFF;
1594 parse_body(env,xsinit);
1596 call_list(oldscope, PL_checkav);
1603 /* my_exit() was called */
1604 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
1607 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
1609 call_list(oldscope, PL_checkav);
1613 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: top_env\n");
1622 S_parse_body(pTHX_ char **env, XSINIT_t xsinit)
1625 int argc = PL_origargc;
1626 char **argv = PL_origargv;
1627 const char *scriptname = NULL;
1628 VOL bool dosearch = FALSE;
1629 const char *validarg = "";
1632 const char *cddir = NULL;
1633 #ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
1634 bool minus_f = FALSE;
1637 sv_setpvn(PL_linestr,"",0);
1638 sv = newSVpvs(""); /* first used for -I flags */
1642 for (argc--,argv++; argc > 0; argc--,argv++) {
1643 if (argv[0][0] != '-' || !argv[0][1])
1647 validarg = " PHOOEY ";
1651 * Can we rely on the kernel to start scripts with argv[1] set to
1652 * contain all #! line switches (the whole line)? (argv[0] is set to
1653 * the interpreter name, argv[2] to the script name; argv[3] and
1654 * above may contain other arguments.)
1661 #ifndef PERL_STRICT_CR
1686 if ((s = moreswitches(s)))
1691 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('t');
1692 if( !PL_tainting ) {
1693 PL_taint_warn = TRUE;
1699 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('T');
1701 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
1709 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1710 /* ignore -e for Dev:Pseudo argument */
1711 if (argv[1] && !strcmp(argv[1], "Dev:Pseudo"))
1714 forbid_setid('e', -1);
1716 PL_e_script = newSVpvs("");
1717 filter_add(read_e_script, NULL);
1720 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, s);
1722 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, argv[1]);
1726 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No code specified for -%c", *s);
1727 sv_catpvs(PL_e_script, "\n");
1731 #ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
1737 case 'I': /* -I handled both here and in moreswitches() */
1738 forbid_setid('I', -1);
1739 if (!*++s && (s=argv[1]) != NULL) {
1743 STRLEN len = strlen(s);
1744 const char * const p = savepvn(s, len);
1745 incpush(p, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE, FALSE);
1746 sv_catpvs(sv, "-I");
1747 sv_catpvn(sv, p, len);
1752 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No directory specified for -I");
1755 forbid_setid('P', -1);
1756 PL_preprocess = TRUE;
1760 forbid_setid('S', -1);
1769 PL_preambleav = newAV();
1770 av_push(PL_preambleav,
1771 newSVpvs("use Config;"));
1775 opts_prog = newSVpvs("print Config::myconfig(),");
1777 sv_catpvs(opts_prog,"\"\\nCharacteristics of this PERLSHR image: \\n\",");
1779 sv_catpvs(opts_prog,"\"\\nCharacteristics of this binary (from libperl): \\n\",");
1781 opts = SvCUR(opts_prog);
1783 Perl_sv_catpv(aTHX_ opts_prog,"\" Compile-time options:"
1787 # ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS
1788 " DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS"
1790 # ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
1791 " DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP"
1793 # ifdef FAKE_THREADS
1796 # ifdef MULTIPLICITY
1805 # ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
1806 " PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV"
1808 # ifdef PERL_GLOBAL_STRUCT
1809 " PERL_GLOBAL_STRUCT"
1811 # ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
1812 " PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT"
1814 # ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
1815 " PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS"
1820 # ifdef PERL_MALLOC_WRAP
1823 # ifdef PERL_NEED_APPCTX
1826 # ifdef PERL_NEED_TIMESBASE
1827 " PERL_NEED_TIMESBASE"
1829 # ifdef PERL_OLD_COPY_ON_WRITE
1830 " PERL_OLD_COPY_ON_WRITE"
1832 # ifdef PERL_TRACK_MEMPOOL
1833 " PERL_TRACK_MEMPOOL"
1835 # ifdef PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV
1836 " PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV"
1838 #ifdef PERL_USES_PL_PIDSTATUS
1839 " PERL_USES_PL_PIDSTATUS"
1841 # ifdef PL_OP_SLAB_ALLOC
1844 # ifdef THREADS_HAVE_PIDS
1845 " THREADS_HAVE_PIDS"
1847 # ifdef USE_64_BIT_ALL
1850 # ifdef USE_64_BIT_INT
1853 # ifdef USE_ITHREADS
1856 # ifdef USE_LARGE_FILES
1859 # ifdef USE_LONG_DOUBLE
1865 # ifdef USE_REENTRANT_API
1866 " USE_REENTRANT_API"
1871 # ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
1872 " USE_SITECUSTOMIZE"
1879 while (SvCUR(opts_prog) > opts+76) {
1880 /* find last space after "options: " and before col 76
1884 char * const pv = SvPV_nolen(opts_prog);
1885 const char c = pv[opts+76];
1887 space = strrchr(pv+opts+26, ' ');
1889 if (!space) break; /* "Can't happen" */
1891 /* break the line before that space */
1894 Perl_sv_insert(aTHX_ opts_prog, opts, 0,
1895 STR_WITH_LEN("\\n "));
1898 sv_catpvs(opts_prog,"\\n\",");
1900 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
1901 if (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT > 0) {
1903 sv_catpvs(opts_prog,
1904 "\" Locally applied patches:\\n\",");
1905 for (i = 1; i <= LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT; i++) {
1906 if (PL_localpatches[i])
1907 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ opts_prog,"q%c\t%s\n%c,",
1908 0, PL_localpatches[i], 0);
1912 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ opts_prog,
1913 "\" Built under %s\\n\"",OSNAME);
1916 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ opts_prog,
1917 ",\" Compiled at %s %s\\n\"",__DATE__,
1920 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ opts_prog,",\" Compiled on %s\\n\"",
1924 sv_catpvs(opts_prog, "; $\"=\"\\n \"; "
1925 "@env = map { \"$_=\\\"$ENV{$_}\\\"\" } "
1926 "sort grep {/^PERL/} keys %ENV; ");
1928 sv_catpvs(opts_prog,
1929 "push @env, \"CYGWIN=\\\"$ENV{CYGWIN}\\\"\";");
1931 sv_catpvs(opts_prog,
1932 "print \" \\%ENV:\\n @env\\n\" if @env;"
1933 "print \" \\@INC:\\n @INC\\n\";");
1937 opts_prog = Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_
1938 "Config::config_vars(qw%c%s%c)",
1942 av_push(PL_preambleav, opts_prog);
1943 /* don't look for script or read stdin */
1944 scriptname = BIT_BUCKET;
1948 PL_doextract = TRUE;
1956 if (!*++s || isSPACE(*s)) {
1960 /* catch use of gnu style long options */
1961 if (strEQ(s, "version")) {
1965 if (strEQ(s, "help")) {
1972 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Unrecognized switch: -%s (-h will show valid options)",s);
1978 #ifndef SECURE_INTERNAL_GETENV
1981 (s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL5OPT")))
1983 const char *popt = s;
1986 if (*s == '-' && *(s+1) == 'T') {
1987 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('T');
1989 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
1992 char *popt_copy = NULL;
2005 if (!strchr("CDIMUdmtwA", *s))
2006 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Illegal switch in PERL5OPT: -%c", *s);
2010 popt_copy = SvPVX(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(popt,0)));
2011 s = popt_copy + (s - popt);
2012 d = popt_copy + (d - popt);
2019 if( !PL_tainting ) {
2020 PL_taint_warn = TRUE;
2030 #ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
2033 PL_preambleav = newAV();
2034 av_unshift(PL_preambleav, 1);
2035 (void)av_store(PL_preambleav, 0, Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "BEGIN { do '%s/sitecustomize.pl' }", SITELIB_EXP));
2039 if (PL_taint_warn && PL_dowarn != G_WARN_ALL_OFF) {
2040 PL_compiling.cop_warnings
2041 = Perl_new_warnings_bitfield(NULL, WARN_TAINTstring, WARNsize);
2045 scriptname = argv[0];
2048 scriptname = BIT_BUCKET; /* don't look for script or read stdin */
2050 else if (scriptname == NULL) {
2052 if ( PerlLIO_isatty(PerlIO_fileno(PerlIO_stdin())) )
2058 /* Set $^X early so that it can be used for relocatable paths in @INC */
2059 assert (!PL_tainted);
2061 S_set_caret_X(aTHX);
2068 = open_script(scriptname, dosearch, sv, &suidscript);
2070 validate_suid(validarg, scriptname, fdscript, suidscript);
2073 # if defined(SIGCHLD) || defined(SIGCLD)
2076 # define SIGCHLD SIGCLD
2078 Sighandler_t sigstate = rsignal_state(SIGCHLD);
2079 if (sigstate == (Sighandler_t) SIG_IGN) {
2080 if (ckWARN(WARN_SIGNAL))
2081 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_SIGNAL),
2082 "Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default");
2083 (void)rsignal(SIGCHLD, (Sighandler_t)SIG_DFL);
2090 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2091 || gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract
2095 /* This will croak if suidscript is >= 0, as -x cannot be used with
2097 forbid_setid('x', suidscript);
2098 /* Hence you can't get here if suidscript >= 0 */
2101 if (cddir && PerlDir_chdir( (char *)cddir ) < 0)
2102 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't chdir to %s",cddir);
2106 PL_main_cv = PL_compcv = (CV*)newSV(0);
2107 sv_upgrade((SV *)PL_compcv, SVt_PVCV);
2108 CvUNIQUE_on(PL_compcv);
2110 CvPADLIST(PL_compcv) = pad_new(0);
2113 boot_core_UNIVERSAL();
2114 boot_core_xsutils();
2117 (*xsinit)(aTHX); /* in case linked C routines want magical variables */
2119 #if defined(VMS) || defined(WIN32) || defined(DJGPP) || defined(__CYGWIN__) || defined(EPOC) || defined(SYMBIAN)
2125 # ifdef HAS_SOCKS5_INIT
2126 socks5_init(argv[0]);
2132 init_predump_symbols();
2133 /* init_postdump_symbols not currently designed to be called */
2134 /* more than once (ENV isn't cleared first, for example) */
2135 /* But running with -u leaves %ENV & @ARGV undefined! XXX */
2137 init_postdump_symbols(argc,argv,env);
2139 /* PL_unicode is turned on by -C, or by $ENV{PERL_UNICODE},
2140 * or explicitly in some platforms.
2141 * locale.c:Perl_init_i18nl10n() if the environment
2142 * look like the user wants to use UTF-8. */
2143 #if defined(__SYMBIAN32__)
2144 PL_unicode = PERL_UNICODE_STD_FLAG; /* See PERL_SYMBIAN_CONSOLE_UTF8. */
2147 /* Requires init_predump_symbols(). */
2148 if (!(PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_LOCALE_FLAG) || PL_utf8locale) {
2153 /* Turn on UTF-8-ness on STDIN, STDOUT, STDERR
2154 * and the default open disciplines. */
2155 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDIN_FLAG) &&
2156 PL_stdingv && (io = GvIO(PL_stdingv)) &&
2158 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
2159 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDOUT_FLAG) &&
2160 PL_defoutgv && (io = GvIO(PL_defoutgv)) &&
2162 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
2163 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDERR_FLAG) &&
2164 PL_stderrgv && (io = GvIO(PL_stderrgv)) &&
2166 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
2167 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_INOUT_FLAG) &&
2168 (sv = GvSV(gv_fetchpvs("\017PEN", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL,
2170 U32 in = PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_IN_FLAG;
2171 U32 out = PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_OUT_FLAG;
2174 sv_setpvn(sv, ":utf8\0:utf8", 11);
2176 sv_setpvn(sv, ":utf8\0", 6);
2179 sv_setpvn(sv, "\0:utf8", 6);
2185 if ((s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_SIGNALS"))) {
2186 if (strEQ(s, "unsafe"))
2187 PL_signals |= PERL_SIGNALS_UNSAFE_FLAG;
2188 else if (strEQ(s, "safe"))
2189 PL_signals &= ~PERL_SIGNALS_UNSAFE_FLAG;
2191 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "PERL_SIGNALS illegal: \"%s\"", s);
2195 if ((s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_XMLDUMP"))) {
2199 PL_xmlfp = PerlIO_stdout();
2201 PL_xmlfp = PerlIO_open(s, "w");
2203 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't open %s", s);
2205 my_setenv("PERL_XMLDUMP", Nullch); /* hide from subprocs */
2207 if ((s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_MADSKILLS"))) {
2208 PL_madskills = atoi(s);
2209 my_setenv("PERL_MADSKILLS", Nullch); /* hide from subprocs */
2215 /* now parse the script */
2217 SETERRNO(0,SS_NORMAL);
2219 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2220 if (gMacPerl_SyntaxError = (yyparse() || PL_error_count)) {
2222 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s had compilation errors.\n", MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
2224 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Execution of %s aborted due to compilation errors.\n",
2225 MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
2229 if (yyparse() || PL_error_count) {
2231 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s had compilation errors.\n", PL_origfilename);
2233 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Execution of %s aborted due to compilation errors.\n",
2238 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, 0);
2239 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2240 PL_preprocess = FALSE;
2242 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
2250 SAVECOPFILE(PL_curcop);
2251 SAVECOPLINE(PL_curcop);
2252 gv_check(PL_defstash);
2259 if ((s=PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS")) && atoi(s) >= 2)
2260 dump_mstats("after compilation:");
2269 =for apidoc perl_run
2271 Tells a Perl interpreter to run. See L<perlembed>.
2284 PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
2286 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
2294 cxstack_ix = -1; /* start context stack again */
2296 case 0: /* normal completion */
2300 case 2: /* my_exit() */
2301 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
2304 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2305 if (!(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_DESTRUCT_END) &&
2306 PL_endav && !PL_minus_c)
2307 call_list(oldscope, PL_endav);
2309 if (PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS"))
2310 dump_mstats("after execution: ");
2316 POPSTACK_TO(PL_mainstack);
2319 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: restartop\n");
2331 S_run_body(pTHX_ I32 oldscope)
2334 DEBUG_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "%s $` $& $' support.\n",
2335 PL_sawampersand ? "Enabling" : "Omitting"));
2337 if (!PL_restartop) {
2341 exit(0); /* less likely to core dump than my_exit(0) */
2344 DEBUG_x(dump_all());
2347 PERL_DEBUG(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "\nEXECUTING...\n\n"));
2349 DEBUG_S(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "main thread is 0x%"UVxf"\n",
2353 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2354 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "%s%s syntax OK\n",
2355 (gMacPerl_ErrorFormat ? "# " : ""),
2356 MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
2358 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "%s syntax OK\n", PL_origfilename);
2362 if (PERLDB_SINGLE && PL_DBsingle)
2363 sv_setiv(PL_DBsingle, 1);
2365 call_list(oldscope, PL_initav);
2371 PL_op = PL_restartop;
2375 else if (PL_main_start) {
2376 CvDEPTH(PL_main_cv) = 1;
2377 PL_op = PL_main_start;
2385 =head1 SV Manipulation Functions
2387 =for apidoc p||get_sv
2389 Returns the SV of the specified Perl scalar. If C<create> is set and the
2390 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
2391 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
2397 Perl_get_sv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
2400 gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PV);
2407 =head1 Array Manipulation Functions
2409 =for apidoc p||get_av
2411 Returns the AV of the specified Perl array. If C<create> is set and the
2412 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
2413 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
2419 Perl_get_av(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
2421 GV* const gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVAV);
2430 =head1 Hash Manipulation Functions
2432 =for apidoc p||get_hv
2434 Returns the HV of the specified Perl hash. If C<create> is set and the
2435 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
2436 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
2442 Perl_get_hv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
2444 GV* const gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVHV);
2453 =head1 CV Manipulation Functions
2455 =for apidoc p||get_cv
2457 Returns the CV of the specified Perl subroutine. If C<create> is set and
2458 the Perl subroutine does not exist then it will be declared (which has the
2459 same effect as saying C<sub name;>). If C<create> is not set and the
2460 subroutine does not exist then NULL is returned.
2466 Perl_get_cv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
2468 GV* const gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVCV);
2469 /* XXX unsafe for threads if eval_owner isn't held */
2470 /* XXX this is probably not what they think they're getting.
2471 * It has the same effect as "sub name;", i.e. just a forward
2473 if (create && !GvCVu(gv))
2474 return newSUB(start_subparse(FALSE, 0),
2475 newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSVpv(name,0)),
2482 /* Be sure to refetch the stack pointer after calling these routines. */
2486 =head1 Callback Functions
2488 =for apidoc p||call_argv
2490 Performs a callback to the specified Perl sub. See L<perlcall>.
2496 Perl_call_argv(pTHX_ const char *sub_name, I32 flags, register char **argv)
2498 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2499 /* null terminated arg list */
2507 XPUSHs(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(*argv,0)));
2512 return call_pv(sub_name, flags);
2516 =for apidoc p||call_pv
2518 Performs a callback to the specified Perl sub. See L<perlcall>.
2524 Perl_call_pv(pTHX_ const char *sub_name, I32 flags)
2525 /* name of the subroutine */
2526 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2528 return call_sv((SV*)get_cv(sub_name, TRUE), flags);
2532 =for apidoc p||call_method
2534 Performs a callback to the specified Perl method. The blessed object must
2535 be on the stack. See L<perlcall>.
2541 Perl_call_method(pTHX_ const char *methname, I32 flags)
2542 /* name of the subroutine */
2543 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2545 return call_sv(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(methname,0)), flags | G_METHOD);
2548 /* May be called with any of a CV, a GV, or an SV containing the name. */
2550 =for apidoc p||call_sv
2552 Performs a callback to the Perl sub whose name is in the SV. See
2559 Perl_call_sv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
2560 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2563 LOGOP myop; /* fake syntax tree node */
2566 volatile I32 retval = 0;
2568 bool oldcatch = CATCH_GET;
2570 OP* const oldop = PL_op;
2573 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2578 Zero(&myop, 1, LOGOP);
2579 myop.op_next = NULL;
2580 if (!(flags & G_NOARGS))
2581 myop.op_flags |= OPf_STACKED;
2582 myop.op_flags |= ((flags & G_VOID) ? OPf_WANT_VOID :
2583 (flags & G_ARRAY) ? OPf_WANT_LIST :
2588 EXTEND(PL_stack_sp, 1);
2589 *++PL_stack_sp = sv;
2591 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
2593 if (PERLDB_SUB && PL_curstash != PL_debstash
2594 /* Handle first BEGIN of -d. */
2595 && (PL_DBcv || (PL_DBcv = GvCV(PL_DBsub)))
2596 /* Try harder, since this may have been a sighandler, thus
2597 * curstash may be meaningless. */
2598 && (SvTYPE(sv) != SVt_PVCV || CvSTASH((CV*)sv) != PL_debstash)
2599 && !(flags & G_NODEBUG))
2600 PL_op->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_DB;
2602 if (flags & G_METHOD) {
2603 Zero(&method_op, 1, UNOP);
2604 method_op.op_next = PL_op;
2605 method_op.op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_METHOD];
2606 myop.op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_ENTERSUB];
2607 PL_op = (OP*)&method_op;
2610 if (!(flags & G_EVAL)) {
2612 call_body((OP*)&myop, FALSE);
2613 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2614 CATCH_SET(oldcatch);
2617 myop.op_other = (OP*)&myop;
2619 create_eval_scope(flags|G_FAKINGEVAL);
2627 call_body((OP*)&myop, FALSE);
2628 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2629 if (!(flags & G_KEEPERR))
2630 sv_setpvn(ERRSV,"",0);
2636 /* my_exit() was called */
2637 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2640 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED))
2641 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Callback called exit");
2646 PL_op = PL_restartop;
2650 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2651 if (flags & G_ARRAY)
2655 *++PL_stack_sp = &PL_sv_undef;
2660 if (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
2661 delete_eval_scope();
2665 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2666 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2676 S_call_body(pTHX_ const OP *myop, bool is_eval)
2679 if (PL_op == myop) {
2681 PL_op = Perl_pp_entereval(aTHX); /* this doesn't do a POPMARK */
2683 PL_op = Perl_pp_entersub(aTHX); /* this does */
2689 /* Eval a string. The G_EVAL flag is always assumed. */
2692 =for apidoc p||eval_sv
2694 Tells Perl to C<eval> the string in the SV.
2700 Perl_eval_sv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
2702 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2706 UNOP myop; /* fake syntax tree node */
2707 volatile I32 oldmark = SP - PL_stack_base;
2708 volatile I32 retval = 0;
2710 OP* const oldop = PL_op;
2713 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2720 Zero(PL_op, 1, UNOP);
2721 EXTEND(PL_stack_sp, 1);
2722 *++PL_stack_sp = sv;
2724 if (!(flags & G_NOARGS))
2725 myop.op_flags = OPf_STACKED;
2726 myop.op_next = NULL;
2727 myop.op_type = OP_ENTEREVAL;
2728 myop.op_flags |= ((flags & G_VOID) ? OPf_WANT_VOID :
2729 (flags & G_ARRAY) ? OPf_WANT_LIST :
2731 if (flags & G_KEEPERR)
2732 myop.op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL;
2734 /* fail now; otherwise we could fail after the JMPENV_PUSH but
2735 * before a PUSHEVAL, which corrupts the stack after a croak */
2736 TAINT_PROPER("eval_sv()");
2742 call_body((OP*)&myop,TRUE);
2743 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2744 if (!(flags & G_KEEPERR))
2745 sv_setpvn(ERRSV,"",0);
2751 /* my_exit() was called */
2752 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2755 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED))
2756 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Callback called exit");
2761 PL_op = PL_restartop;
2765 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2766 if (flags & G_ARRAY)
2770 *++PL_stack_sp = &PL_sv_undef;
2776 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2777 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2787 =for apidoc p||eval_pv
2789 Tells Perl to C<eval> the given string and return an SV* result.
2795 Perl_eval_pv(pTHX_ const char *p, I32 croak_on_error)
2799 SV* sv = newSVpv(p, 0);
2801 eval_sv(sv, G_SCALAR);
2808 if (croak_on_error && SvTRUE(ERRSV)) {
2809 Perl_croak(aTHX_ SvPVx_nolen_const(ERRSV));
2815 /* Require a module. */
2818 =head1 Embedding Functions
2820 =for apidoc p||require_pv
2822 Tells Perl to C<require> the file named by the string argument. It is
2823 analogous to the Perl code C<eval "require '$file'">. It's even
2824 implemented that way; consider using load_module instead.
2829 Perl_require_pv(pTHX_ const char *pv)
2834 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_REQUIRE);
2836 sv = Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "require q%c%s%c", 0, pv, 0);
2837 eval_sv(sv_2mortal(sv), G_DISCARD);
2843 Perl_magicname(pTHX_ const char *sym, const char *name, I32 namlen)
2845 register GV * const gv = gv_fetchpv(sym, GV_ADD, SVt_PV);
2848 sv_magic(GvSV(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, namlen);
2852 S_usage(pTHX_ const char *name) /* XXX move this out into a module ? */
2854 /* This message really ought to be max 23 lines.
2855 * Removed -h because the user already knows that option. Others? */
2857 static const char * const usage_msg[] = {
2858 "-0[octal] specify record separator (\\0, if no argument)",
2859 "-A[mod][=pattern] activate all/given assertions",
2860 "-a autosplit mode with -n or -p (splits $_ into @F)",
2861 "-C[number/list] enables the listed Unicode features",
2862 "-c check syntax only (runs BEGIN and CHECK blocks)",
2863 "-d[:debugger] run program under debugger",
2864 "-D[number/list] set debugging flags (argument is a bit mask or alphabets)",
2865 "-e program one line of program (several -e's allowed, omit programfile)",
2866 "-E program like -e, but enables all optional features",
2867 "-f don't do $sitelib/sitecustomize.pl at startup",
2868 "-F/pattern/ split() pattern for -a switch (//'s are optional)",
2869 "-i[extension] edit <> files in place (makes backup if extension supplied)",
2870 "-Idirectory specify @INC/#include directory (several -I's allowed)",
2871 "-l[octal] enable line ending processing, specifies line terminator",
2872 "-[mM][-]module execute \"use/no module...\" before executing program",
2873 "-n assume \"while (<>) { ... }\" loop around program",
2874 "-p assume loop like -n but print line also, like sed",
2875 "-P run program through C preprocessor before compilation",
2876 "-s enable rudimentary parsing for switches after programfile",
2877 "-S look for programfile using PATH environment variable",
2878 "-t enable tainting warnings",
2879 "-T enable tainting checks",
2880 "-u dump core after parsing program",
2881 "-U allow unsafe operations",
2882 "-v print version, subversion (includes VERY IMPORTANT perl info)",
2883 "-V[:variable] print configuration summary (or a single Config.pm variable)",
2884 "-w enable many useful warnings (RECOMMENDED)",
2885 "-W enable all warnings",
2886 "-x[directory] strip off text before #!perl line and perhaps cd to directory",
2887 "-X disable all warnings",
2891 const char * const *p = usage_msg;
2893 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2894 "\nUsage: %s [switches] [--] [programfile] [arguments]",
2897 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(), "\n %s", *p++);
2900 /* convert a string of -D options (or digits) into an int.
2901 * sets *s to point to the char after the options */
2905 Perl_get_debug_opts(pTHX_ const char **s, bool givehelp)
2907 static const char * const usage_msgd[] = {
2908 " Debugging flag values: (see also -d)",
2909 " p Tokenizing and parsing (with v, displays parse stack)",
2910 " s Stack snapshots (with v, displays all stacks)",
2911 " l Context (loop) stack processing",
2912 " t Trace execution",
2913 " o Method and overloading resolution",
2914 " c String/numeric conversions",
2915 " P Print profiling info, preprocessor command for -P, source file input state",
2916 " m Memory allocation",
2917 " f Format processing",
2918 " r Regular expression parsing and execution",
2919 " x Syntax tree dump",
2920 " u Tainting checks",
2921 " H Hash dump -- usurps values()",
2922 " X Scratchpad allocation",
2924 " S Thread synchronization",
2926 " R Include reference counts of dumped variables (eg when using -Ds)",
2927 " J Do not s,t,P-debug (Jump over) opcodes within package DB",
2928 " v Verbose: use in conjunction with other flags",
2930 " A Consistency checks on internal structures",
2931 " q quiet - currently only suppresses the 'EXECUTING' message",
2936 /* if adding extra options, remember to update DEBUG_MASK */
2937 static const char debopts[] = "psltocPmfrxu HXDSTRJvCAq";
2939 for (; isALNUM(**s); (*s)++) {
2940 const char * const d = strchr(debopts,**s);
2942 i |= 1 << (d - debopts);
2943 else if (ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
2944 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
2945 "invalid option -D%c, use -D'' to see choices\n", **s);
2948 else if (isDIGIT(**s)) {
2950 for (; isALNUM(**s); (*s)++) ;
2952 else if (givehelp) {
2953 const char *const *p = usage_msgd;
2954 while (*p) PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(), "%s\n", *p++);
2957 if ((i & DEBUG_p_FLAG) && ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
2958 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
2959 "-Dp not implemented on this platform\n");
2965 /* This routine handles any switches that can be given during run */
2968 Perl_moreswitches(pTHX_ char *s)
2979 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rs);
2980 if (s[1] == 'x' && s[2]) {
2981 const char *e = s+=2;
2987 flags = PERL_SCAN_SILENT_ILLDIGIT;
2988 rschar = (U32)grok_hex(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
2989 if (s + numlen < e) {
2990 rschar = 0; /* Grandfather -0xFOO as -0 -xFOO. */
2994 PL_rs = newSVpvs("");
2995 SvGROW(PL_rs, (STRLEN)(UNISKIP(rschar) + 1));
2996 tmps = (U8*)SvPVX(PL_rs);
2997 uvchr_to_utf8(tmps, rschar);
2998 SvCUR_set(PL_rs, UNISKIP(rschar));
3003 rschar = (U32)grok_oct(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
3004 if (rschar & ~((U8)~0))
3005 PL_rs = &PL_sv_undef;
3006 else if (!rschar && numlen >= 2)
3007 PL_rs = newSVpvs("");
3009 char ch = (char)rschar;
3010 PL_rs = newSVpvn(&ch, 1);
3013 sv_setsv(get_sv("/", TRUE), PL_rs);
3018 PL_unicode = parse_unicode_opts( (const char **)&s );
3023 while (*s && !isSPACE(*s)) ++s;
3024 PL_splitstr = savepvn(PL_splitstr, s - PL_splitstr);
3035 forbid_setid('d', -1);
3038 /* -dt indicates to the debugger that threads will be used */
3039 if (*s == 't' && !isALNUM(s[1])) {
3041 my_setenv("PERL5DB_THREADED", "1");
3044 /* The following permits -d:Mod to accepts arguments following an =
3045 in the fashion that -MSome::Mod does. */
3046 if (*s == ':' || *s == '=') {
3048 SV * const sv = newSVpvs("use Devel::");
3050 /* We now allow -d:Module=Foo,Bar */
3051 while(isALNUM(*s) || *s==':') ++s;
3053 sv_catpv(sv, start);
3055 sv_catpvn(sv, start, s-start);
3056 /* Don't use NUL as q// delimiter here, this string goes in the
3058 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ sv, " split(/,/,q{%s});", ++s);
3061 my_setenv("PERL5DB", SvPV_nolen_const(sv));
3064 PL_perldb = PERLDB_ALL;
3071 forbid_setid('D', -1);
3073 PL_debug = get_debug_opts( (const char **)&s, 1) | DEBUG_TOP_FLAG;
3074 #else /* !DEBUGGING */
3075 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
3076 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
3077 "Recompile perl with -DDEBUGGING to use -D switch (did you mean -d ?)\n");
3078 for (s++; isALNUM(*s); s++) ;
3083 usage(PL_origargv[0]);
3086 Safefree(PL_inplace);
3087 #if defined(__CYGWIN__) /* do backup extension automagically */
3088 if (*(s+1) == '\0') {
3089 PL_inplace = savepvs(".bak");
3092 #endif /* __CYGWIN__ */
3094 const char * const start = ++s;
3095 while (*s && !isSPACE(*s))
3098 PL_inplace = savepvn(start, s - start);
3102 if (*s == '-') /* Additional switches on #! line. */
3106 case 'I': /* -I handled both here and in parse_body() */
3107 forbid_setid('I', -1);
3109 while (*s && isSPACE(*s))
3114 /* ignore trailing spaces (possibly followed by other switches) */
3116 for (e = p; *e && !isSPACE(*e); e++) ;
3120 } while (*p && *p != '-');
3121 e = savepvn(s, e-s);
3122 incpush(e, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE, FALSE);
3129 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No directory specified for -I");
3135 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ors_sv);
3141 PL_ors_sv = newSVpvs("\n");
3142 numlen = 3 + (*s == '0');
3143 *SvPVX(PL_ors_sv) = (char)grok_oct(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
3147 if (RsPARA(PL_rs)) {
3148 PL_ors_sv = newSVpvs("\n\n");
3151 PL_ors_sv = newSVsv(PL_rs);
3156 forbid_setid('A', -1);
3158 PL_preambleav = newAV();
3161 char * const start = s;
3162 SV * const sv = newSVpvs("use assertions::activate");
3163 while(isALNUM(*s) || *s == ':') ++s;
3165 sv_catpvs(sv, "::");
3166 sv_catpvn(sv, start, s-start);
3169 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ sv, " split(/,/,q%c%s%c)", 0, ++s, 0);
3172 else if (*s != '\0') {
3173 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use '%c' after -A%.*s", *s, (int)(s-start), start);
3175 av_push(PL_preambleav, sv);
3179 forbid_setid('M', -1); /* XXX ? */
3182 forbid_setid('m', -1); /* XXX ? */
3186 const char *use = "use ";
3187 /* -M-foo == 'no foo' */
3188 /* Leading space on " no " is deliberate, to make both
3189 possibilities the same length. */
3190 if (*s == '-') { use = " no "; ++s; }
3191 sv = newSVpvn(use,4);
3193 /* We allow -M'Module qw(Foo Bar)' */
3194 while(isALNUM(*s) || *s==':') ++s;
3196 sv_catpv(sv, start);
3197 if (*(start-1) == 'm') {
3199 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use '%c' after -mname", *s);
3200 sv_catpvs( sv, " ()");
3204 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Module name required with -%c option",
3206 sv_catpvn(sv, start, s-start);
3207 sv_catpvs(sv, " split(/,/,q");
3208 sv_catpvs(sv, "\0"); /* Use NUL as q//-delimiter. */
3210 sv_catpvs(sv, "\0)");
3214 PL_preambleav = newAV();
3215 av_push(PL_preambleav, sv);
3218 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Missing argument to -%c", *(s-1));
3229 forbid_setid('s', -1);
3230 PL_doswitches = TRUE;
3244 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3245 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Believe me, you don't want to use \"-u\" on a Macintosh");
3247 PL_do_undump = TRUE;
3255 if (!sv_derived_from(PL_patchlevel, "version"))
3256 upg_version(PL_patchlevel);
3258 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3259 Perl_form(aTHX_ "\nThis is perl, %"SVf
3260 #ifdef PERL_PATCHNUM
3261 " DEVEL" STRINGIFY(PERL_PATCHNUM)
3264 vstringify(PL_patchlevel),
3267 /* Adjust verbose output as in the perl that ships with the DG/UX OS from EMC */
3268 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3269 Perl_form(aTHX_ "\nThis is perl, %"SVf"\n",
3270 vstringify(PL_patchlevel)));
3271 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3272 Perl_form(aTHX_ " built under %s at %s %s\n",
3273 OSNAME, __DATE__, __TIME__));
3274 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3275 Perl_form(aTHX_ " OS Specific Release: %s\n",
3279 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
3280 if (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT > 0)
3281 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3282 "\n(with %d registered patch%s, "
3283 "see perl -V for more detail)",
3284 (int)LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT,
3285 (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT!=1) ? "es" : "");
3288 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3289 "\n\nCopyright 1987-2006, Larry Wall\n");
3290 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3291 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3292 "\nMac OS port Copyright 1991-2002, Matthias Neeracher;\n"
3293 "maintained by Chris Nandor\n");
3296 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3297 "\nMS-DOS port Copyright (c) 1989, 1990, Diomidis Spinellis\n");
3300 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3301 "djgpp v2 port (jpl5003c) by Hirofumi Watanabe, 1996\n"
3302 "djgpp v2 port (perl5004+) by Laszlo Molnar, 1997-1999\n");
3305 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3306 "\n\nOS/2 port Copyright (c) 1990, 1991, Raymond Chen, Kai Uwe Rommel\n"
3307 "Version 5 port Copyright (c) 1994-2002, Andreas Kaiser, Ilya Zakharevich\n");
3310 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3311 "atariST series port, ++jrb bammi@cadence.com\n");
3314 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3315 "BeOS port Copyright Tom Spindler, 1997-1999\n");
3318 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3319 "MPE/iX port Copyright by Mark Klein and Mark Bixby, 1996-2003\n");
3322 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3323 "MVS (OS390) port by Mortice Kern Systems, 1997-1999\n");
3326 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3327 "Stratus VOS port by Paul.Green@stratus.com, 1997-2002\n");
3330 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3331 "VM/ESA port by Neale Ferguson, 1998-1999\n");
3334 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3335 "BS2000 (POSIX) port by Start Amadeus GmbH, 1998-1999\n");
3338 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3339 "MiNT port by Guido Flohr, 1997-1999\n");
3342 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3343 "EPOC port by Olaf Flebbe, 1999-2002\n");
3346 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),"WINCE port by Rainer Keuchel, 2001-2002\n");
3347 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),"Built on " __DATE__ " " __TIME__ "\n\n");
3350 #ifdef __SYMBIAN32__
3351 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3352 "Symbian port by Nokia, 2004-2005\n");
3354 #ifdef BINARY_BUILD_NOTICE
3355 BINARY_BUILD_NOTICE;
3357 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3359 Perl may be copied only under the terms of either the Artistic License or the\n\
3360 GNU General Public License, which may be found in the Perl 5 source kit.\n\n\
3361 Complete documentation for Perl, including FAQ lists, should be found on\n\
3362 this system using \"man perl\" or \"perldoc perl\". If you have access to the\n\
3363 Internet, point your browser at http://www.perl.org/, the Perl Home Page.\n\n");
3366 if (! (PL_dowarn & G_WARN_ALL_MASK))
3367 PL_dowarn |= G_WARN_ON;
3371 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_ALL_ON|G_WARN_ON;
3372 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
3373 PerlMemShared_free(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
3374 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = pWARN_ALL ;
3378 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_ALL_OFF;
3379 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
3380 PerlMemShared_free(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
3381 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = pWARN_NONE ;
3386 if (s[1] == '-') /* Additional switches on #! line. */
3391 #if defined(WIN32) || !defined(PERL_STRICT_CR)
3397 #ifdef ALTERNATE_SHEBANG
3398 case 'S': /* OS/2 needs -S on "extproc" line. */
3406 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't emulate -%.1s on #! line",s);
3411 /* compliments of Tom Christiansen */
3413 /* unexec() can be found in the Gnu emacs distribution */
3414 /* Known to work with -DUNEXEC and using unexelf.c from GNU emacs-20.2 */
3417 Perl_my_unexec(pTHX)
3419 PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
3421 SV * prog = newSVpv(BIN_EXP, 0);
3422 SV * file = newSVpv(PL_origfilename, 0);
3426 sv_catpvs(prog, "/perl");
3427 sv_catpvs(file, ".perldump");
3429 unexec(SvPVX(file), SvPVX(prog), &etext, sbrk(0), 0);
3430 /* unexec prints msg to stderr in case of failure */
3431 PerlProc_exit(status);
3434 # include <lib$routines.h>
3435 lib$signal(SS$_DEBUG); /* ssdef.h #included from vmsish.h */
3436 # elif defined(WIN32) || defined(__CYGWIN__)
3437 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "dump is not supported");
3439 ABORT(); /* for use with undump */
3444 /* initialize curinterp */
3450 # define PERLVAR(var,type)
3451 # define PERLVARA(var,n,type)
3452 # if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
3453 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) aTHX->var = init;
3454 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) aTHX->var = init;
3456 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
3457 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
3459 # include "intrpvar.h"
3460 # include "thrdvar.h"
3466 # define PERLVAR(var,type)
3467 # define PERLVARA(var,n,type)
3468 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PL_##var = init;
3469 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PL_##var = init;
3470 # include "intrpvar.h"
3471 # include "thrdvar.h"
3478 /* As these are inside a structure, PERLVARI isn't capable of initialising
3481 PL_reg_oldcurpm = PL_reg_curpm = NULL;
3482 PL_reg_poscache = PL_reg_starttry = NULL;
3486 S_init_main_stash(pTHX)
3491 PL_curstash = PL_defstash = newHV();
3492 /* We know that the string "main" will be in the global shared string
3493 table, so it's a small saving to use it rather than allocate another
3495 PL_curstname = newSVpvs_share("main");
3496 gv = gv_fetchpvs("main::", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVHV);
3497 /* If we hadn't caused another reference to "main" to be in the shared
3498 string table above, then it would be worth reordering these two,
3499 because otherwise all we do is delete "main" from it as a consequence
3500 of the SvREFCNT_dec, only to add it again with hv_name_set */
3501 SvREFCNT_dec(GvHV(gv));
3502 hv_name_set(PL_defstash, "main", 4, 0);
3503 GvHV(gv) = (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc_simple(PL_defstash);
3505 PL_incgv = gv_HVadd(gv_AVadd(gv_fetchpvs("INC", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL,
3507 SvREFCNT_inc_simple(PL_incgv); /* Don't allow it to be freed */
3508 GvMULTI_on(PL_incgv);
3509 PL_hintgv = gv_fetchpvs("\010", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV); /* ^H */
3510 GvMULTI_on(PL_hintgv);
3511 PL_defgv = gv_fetchpvs("_", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVAV);
3512 SvREFCNT_inc_simple(PL_defgv);
3513 PL_errgv = gv_HVadd(gv_fetchpvs("@", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV));
3514 SvREFCNT_inc_simple(PL_errgv);
3515 GvMULTI_on(PL_errgv);
3516 PL_replgv = gv_fetchpvs("\022", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV); /* ^R */
3517 GvMULTI_on(PL_replgv);
3518 (void)Perl_form(aTHX_ "%240s",""); /* Preallocate temp - for immediate signals. */
3519 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
3522 sv_grow(ERRSV, 240); /* Preallocate - for immediate signals. */
3523 sv_setpvn(ERRSV, "", 0);
3524 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
3525 CopSTASH_set(&PL_compiling, PL_defstash);
3526 PL_debstash = GvHV(gv_fetchpvs("DB::", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
3527 PL_globalstash = GvHV(gv_fetchpvs("CORE::GLOBAL::", GV_ADDMULTI,
3529 /* We must init $/ before switches are processed. */
3530 sv_setpvn(get_sv("/", TRUE), "\n", 1);
3534 S_open_script(pTHX_ const char *scriptname, bool dosearch, SV *sv,
3540 const char *cpp_discard_flag;
3549 PL_origfilename = savepvs("-e");
3552 /* if find_script() returns, it returns a malloc()-ed value */
3553 scriptname = PL_origfilename = find_script(scriptname, dosearch, NULL, 1);
3555 if (strnEQ(scriptname, "/dev/fd/", 8) && isDIGIT(scriptname[8]) ) {
3556 const char *s = scriptname + 8;
3562 * Tell apart "normal" usage of fdscript, e.g.
3563 * with bash on FreeBSD:
3564 * perl <( echo '#!perl -DA'; echo 'print "$0\n"')
3565 * from usage in suidperl.
3566 * Does any "normal" usage leave garbage after the number???
3567 * Is it a mistake to use a similar /dev/fd/ construct for
3572 * Be supersafe and do some sanity-checks.
3573 * Still, can we be sure we got the right thing?
3576 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Wrong syntax (suid) fd script name \"%s\"\n", s);
3579 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Missing (suid) fd script name\n");
3581 scriptname = savepv(s + 1);
3582 Safefree(PL_origfilename);
3583 PL_origfilename = (char *)scriptname;
3588 CopFILE_free(PL_curcop);
3589 CopFILE_set(PL_curcop, PL_origfilename);
3590 if (*PL_origfilename == '-' && PL_origfilename[1] == '\0')
3591 scriptname = (char *)"";
3592 if (fdscript >= 0) {
3593 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_fdopen(fdscript,PERL_SCRIPT_MODE);
3594 # if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3596 /* ensure close-on-exec */
3597 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,1);
3602 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "sperl needs fd script\n"
3603 "You should not call sperl directly; do you need to "
3604 "change a #! line\nfrom sperl to perl?\n");
3607 * Do not open (or do other fancy stuff) while setuid.
3608 * Perl does the open, and hands script to suidperl on a fd;
3609 * suidperl only does some checks, sets up UIDs and re-execs
3610 * perl with that fd as it has always done.
3613 if (*suidscript != 1) {
3614 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "suidperl needs (suid) fd script\n");
3617 else if (PL_preprocess) {
3618 const char * const cpp_cfg = CPPSTDIN;
3619 SV * const cpp = newSVpvs("");
3620 SV * const cmd = newSV(0);
3622 if (cpp_cfg[0] == 0) /* PERL_MICRO? */
3623 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't run with cpp -P with CPPSTDIN undefined");
3624 if (strEQ(cpp_cfg, "cppstdin"))
3625 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ cpp, "%s/", BIN_EXP);
3626 sv_catpv(cpp, cpp_cfg);
3629 sv_catpvs(sv, "-I");
3630 sv_catpv(sv,PRIVLIB_EXP);
3633 DEBUG_P(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3634 "PL_preprocess: scriptname=\"%s\", cpp=\"%s\", sv=\"%s\", CPPMINUS=\"%s\"\n",
3635 scriptname, SvPVX_const (cpp), SvPVX_const (sv),
3638 # if defined(MSDOS) || defined(WIN32) || defined(VMS)
3645 cpp_discard_flag = "";
3647 cpp_discard_flag = "-C";
3651 perl = os2_execname(aTHX);
3653 perl = PL_origargv[0];
3657 /* This strips off Perl comments which might interfere with
3658 the C pre-processor, including #!. #line directives are
3659 deliberately stripped to avoid confusion with Perl's version
3660 of #line. FWP played some golf with it so it will fit
3661 into VMS's 255 character buffer.
3664 code = "(1../^#!.*perl/i)|/^\\s*#(?!\\s*((ifn?|un)def|(el|end)?if|define|include|else|error|pragma)\\b)/||!($|=1)||print";
3666 code = "/^\\s*#(?!\\s*((ifn?|un)def|(el|end)?if|define|include|else|error|pragma)\\b)/||!($|=1)||print";
3668 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ cmd, "\
3669 %s -ne%s%s%s %s | %"SVf" %s %"SVf" %s",
3670 perl, quote, code, quote, scriptname, cpp,
3671 cpp_discard_flag, sv, CPPMINUS);
3673 PL_doextract = FALSE;
3675 DEBUG_P(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3676 "PL_preprocess: cmd=\"%s\"\n",
3679 PL_rsfp = PerlProc_popen((char *)SvPVX_const(cmd), (char *)"r");
3683 else if (!*scriptname) {
3684 forbid_setid(0, *suidscript);
3685 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_stdin();
3688 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_open(scriptname,PERL_SCRIPT_MODE);
3689 # if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3691 /* ensure close-on-exec */
3692 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,1);
3695 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3697 /* PSz 16 Sep 03 Keep neat error message */
3699 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't open "BIT_BUCKET": %s\n", Strerror(errno));
3701 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't open perl script \"%s\": %s\n",
3702 CopFILE(PL_curcop), Strerror(errno));
3708 * I_SYSSTATVFS HAS_FSTATVFS
3710 * I_STATFS HAS_FSTATFS HAS_GETFSSTAT
3711 * I_MNTENT HAS_GETMNTENT HAS_HASMNTOPT
3712 * here so that metaconfig picks them up. */
3716 S_fd_on_nosuid_fs(pTHX_ int fd)
3719 * We used to do this as "plain" user (after swapping UIDs with setreuid);
3720 * but is needed also on machines without setreuid.
3721 * Seems safe enough to run as root.
3723 int check_okay = 0; /* able to do all the required sys/libcalls */
3724 int on_nosuid = 0; /* the fd is on a nosuid fs */
3726 * Need to check noexec also: nosuid might not be set, the average
3727 * sysadmin would say that nosuid is irrelevant once he sets noexec.
3729 int on_noexec = 0; /* the fd is on a noexec fs */
3732 * Preferred order: fstatvfs(), fstatfs(), ustat()+getmnt(), getmntent().
3733 * fstatvfs() is UNIX98.
3734 * fstatfs() is 4.3 BSD.
3735 * ustat()+getmnt() is pre-4.3 BSD.
3736 * getmntent() is O(number-of-mounted-filesystems) and can hang on
3737 * an irrelevant filesystem while trying to reach the right one.
3740 #undef FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY /* found the syscalls to do the check? */
3742 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3743 defined(HAS_FSTATVFS)
3744 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3745 struct statvfs stfs;
3747 check_okay = fstatvfs(fd, &stfs) == 0;
3748 on_nosuid = check_okay && (stfs.f_flag & ST_NOSUID);
3750 /* ST_NOEXEC certainly absent on AIX 5.1, and doesn't seem to be documented
3751 on platforms where it is present. */
3752 on_noexec = check_okay && (stfs.f_flag & ST_NOEXEC);
3754 # endif /* fstatvfs */
3756 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3757 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID) && \
3758 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC) && \
3759 defined(HAS_FSTATFS) && \
3760 defined(HAS_STRUCT_STATFS) && \
3761 defined(HAS_STRUCT_STATFS_F_FLAGS)
3762 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3765 check_okay = fstatfs(fd, &stfs) == 0;
3766 on_nosuid = check_okay && (stfs.f_flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID);
3767 on_noexec = check_okay && (stfs.f_flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC);
3768 # endif /* fstatfs */
3770 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3771 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID) && \
3772 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC) && \
3773 defined(HAS_FSTAT) && \
3774 defined(HAS_USTAT) && \
3775 defined(HAS_GETMNT) && \
3776 defined(HAS_STRUCT_FS_DATA) && \
3778 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3781 if (fstat(fd, &fdst) == 0) {
3783 if (ustat(fdst.st_dev, &us) == 0) {
3785 /* NOSTAT_ONE here because we're not examining fields which
3786 * vary between that case and STAT_ONE. */
3787 if (getmnt((int*)0, &fsd, (int)0, NOSTAT_ONE, us.f_fname) == 0) {
3788 size_t cmplen = sizeof(us.f_fname);
3789 if (sizeof(fsd.fd_req.path) < cmplen)
3790 cmplen = sizeof(fsd.fd_req.path);
3791 if (strnEQ(fsd.fd_req.path, us.f_fname, cmplen) &&
3792 fdst.st_dev == fsd.fd_req.dev) {
3794 on_nosuid = fsd.fd_req.flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID;
3795 on_noexec = fsd.fd_req.flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC;
3800 # endif /* fstat+ustat+getmnt */
3802 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3803 defined(HAS_GETMNTENT) && \
3804 defined(HAS_HASMNTOPT) && \
3805 defined(MNTOPT_NOSUID) && \
3806 defined(MNTOPT_NOEXEC)
3807 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3808 FILE *mtab = fopen("/etc/mtab", "r");
3809 struct mntent *entry;
3812 if (mtab && (fstat(fd, &stb) == 0)) {
3813 while (entry = getmntent(mtab)) {
3814 if (stat(entry->mnt_dir, &fsb) == 0
3815 && fsb.st_dev == stb.st_dev)
3817 /* found the filesystem */
3819 if (hasmntopt(entry, MNTOPT_NOSUID))
3821 if (hasmntopt(entry, MNTOPT_NOEXEC))
3824 } /* A single fs may well fail its stat(). */
3829 # endif /* getmntent+hasmntopt */
3832 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't check filesystem of script \"%s\" for nosuid/noexec", PL_origfilename);
3834 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script \"%s\" on nosuid filesystem", PL_origfilename);
3836 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script \"%s\" on noexec filesystem", PL_origfilename);
3837 return ((!check_okay) || on_nosuid || on_noexec);
3839 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3842 S_validate_suid(pTHX_ const char *validarg, const char *scriptname,
3843 int fdscript, int suidscript)
3848 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3850 /* do we need to emulate setuid on scripts? */
3852 /* This code is for those BSD systems that have setuid #! scripts disabled
3853 * in the kernel because of a security problem. Merely defining DOSUID
3854 * in perl will not fix that problem, but if you have disabled setuid
3855 * scripts in the kernel, this will attempt to emulate setuid and setgid
3856 * on scripts that have those now-otherwise-useless bits set. The setuid
3857 * root version must be called suidperl or sperlN.NNN. If regular perl
3858 * discovers that it has opened a setuid script, it calls suidperl with
3859 * the same argv that it had. If suidperl finds that the script it has
3860 * just opened is NOT setuid root, it sets the effective uid back to the
3861 * uid. We don't just make perl setuid root because that loses the
3862 * effective uid we had before invoking perl, if it was different from the
3865 * Description/comments above do not match current workings:
3866 * suidperl must be hardlinked to sperlN.NNN (that is what we exec);
3867 * suidperl called with script open and name changed to /dev/fd/N/X;
3868 * suidperl croaks if script is not setuid;
3869 * making perl setuid would be a huge security risk (and yes, that
3870 * would lose any euid we might have had).
3872 * DOSUID must be defined in both perl and suidperl, and IAMSUID must
3873 * be defined in suidperl only. suidperl must be setuid root. The
3874 * Configure script will set this up for you if you want it.
3880 if (PerlLIO_fstat(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),&PL_statbuf) < 0) /* normal stat is insecure */
3881 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't stat script \"%s\"",PL_origfilename);
3882 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & (S_ISUID|S_ISGID)) {
3884 const char *linestr;
3888 if (fdscript < 0 || suidscript != 1)
3889 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Need (suid) fdscript in suidperl\n"); /* We already checked this */
3891 * Since the script is opened by perl, not suidperl, some of these
3892 * checks are superfluous. Leaving them in probably does not lower
3896 * Do checks even for systems with no HAS_SETREUID.
3897 * We used to swap, then re-swap UIDs with
3899 if (setreuid(PL_euid,PL_uid) < 0
3900 || PerlProc_getuid() != PL_euid || PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_uid)
3901 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't swap uid and euid");
3904 if (setreuid(PL_uid,PL_euid) < 0
3905 || PerlProc_getuid() != PL_uid || PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_euid)
3906 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't reswap uid and euid");
3910 /* On this access check to make sure the directories are readable,
3911 * there is actually a small window that the user could use to make
3912 * filename point to an accessible directory. So there is a faint
3913 * chance that someone could execute a setuid script down in a
3914 * non-accessible directory. I don't know what to do about that.
3915 * But I don't think it's too important. The manual lies when
3916 * it says access() is useful in setuid programs.
3918 * So, access() is pretty useless... but not harmful... do anyway.
3920 if (PerlLIO_access(CopFILE(PL_curcop),1)) { /*double check*/
3921 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't access() script\n");
3924 /* If we can swap euid and uid, then we can determine access rights
3925 * with a simple stat of the file, and then compare device and
3926 * inode to make sure we did stat() on the same file we opened.
3927 * Then we just have to make sure he or she can execute it.
3930 * As the script is opened by perl, not suidperl, we do not need to
3931 * care much about access rights.
3933 * The 'script changed' check is needed, or we can get lied to
3934 * about $0 with e.g.
3935 * suidperl /dev/fd/4//bin/x 4<setuidscript
3936 * Without HAS_SETREUID, is it safe to stat() as root?
3938 * Are there any operating systems that pass /dev/fd/xxx for setuid
3939 * scripts, as suggested/described in perlsec(1)? Surely they do not
3940 * pass the script name as we do, so the "script changed" test would
3941 * fail for them... but we never get here with
3942 * SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW defined.
3944 * This is one place where we must "lie" about return status: not
3945 * say if the stat() failed. We are doing this as root, and could
3946 * be tricked into reporting existence or not of files that the
3947 * "plain" user cannot even see.
3951 if (PerlLIO_stat(CopFILE(PL_curcop),&tmpstatbuf) < 0 ||
3952 tmpstatbuf.st_dev != PL_statbuf.st_dev ||
3953 tmpstatbuf.st_ino != PL_statbuf.st_ino) {
3954 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script changed\n");
3958 if (!cando(S_IXUSR,FALSE,&PL_statbuf)) /* can real uid exec? */
3959 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Real UID cannot exec script\n");
3962 * We used to do this check as the "plain" user (after swapping
3963 * UIDs). But the check for nosuid and noexec filesystem is needed,
3964 * and should be done even without HAS_SETREUID. (Maybe those
3965 * operating systems do not have such mount options anyway...)
3966 * Seems safe enough to do as root.
3968 #if !defined(NO_NOSUID_CHECK)
3969 if (fd_on_nosuid_fs(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp))) {
3970 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script on nosuid or noexec filesystem\n");
3973 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3975 if (!S_ISREG(PL_statbuf.st_mode)) {
3976 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script not plain file\n");
3978 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_IWOTH)
3979 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid/gid script is writable by world");
3980 PL_doswitches = FALSE; /* -s is insecure in suid */
3981 /* PSz 13 Nov 03 But -s was caught elsewhere ... so unsetting it here is useless(?!) */
3982 CopLINE_inc(PL_curcop);
3983 if (sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0) == NULL)
3984 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No #! line");
3985 linestr = SvPV_nolen_const(PL_linestr);
3986 /* required even on Sys V */
3987 if (!*linestr || !linestr[1] || strnNE(linestr,"#!",2))
3988 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No #! line");
3992 /* Sanity check on line length */
3993 s_end = s + strlen(s);
3994 if (s_end == s || (s_end - s) > 4000)
3995 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Very long #! line");
3996 /* Allow more than a single space after #! */
3997 while (isSPACE(*s)) s++;
3998 /* Sanity check on buffer end */
3999 while ((*s) && !isSPACE(*s)) s++;
4000 for (s2 = s; (s2 > linestr &&
4001 (isDIGIT(s2[-1]) || s2[-1] == '.' || s2[-1] == '_'
4002 || s2[-1] == '-')); s2--) ;
4003 /* Sanity check on buffer start */
4004 if ( (s2-4 < linestr || strnNE(s2-4,"perl",4)) &&
4005 (s-9 < linestr || strnNE(s-9,"perl",4)) )
4006 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Not a perl script");
4007 while (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t') s++;
4009 * #! arg must be what we saw above. They can invoke it by
4010 * mentioning suidperl explicitly, but they may not add any strange
4011 * arguments beyond what #! says if they do invoke suidperl that way.
4014 * The way validarg was set up, we rely on the kernel to start
4015 * scripts with argv[1] set to contain all #! line switches (the
4019 * Check that we got all the arguments listed in the #! line (not
4020 * just that there are no extraneous arguments). Might not matter
4021 * much, as switches from #! line seem to be acted upon (also), and
4022 * so may be checked and trapped in perl. But, security checks must
4023 * be done in suidperl and not deferred to perl. Note that suidperl
4024 * does not get around to parsing (and checking) the switches on
4025 * the #! line (but execs perl sooner).
4026 * Allow (require) a trailing newline (which may be of two
4027 * characters on some architectures?) (but no other trailing
4030 len = strlen(validarg);
4031 if (strEQ(validarg," PHOOEY ") ||
4032 strnNE(s,validarg,len) || !isSPACE(s[len]) ||
4033 !((s_end - s) == len+1
4034 || ((s_end - s) == len+2 && isSPACE(s[len+1]))))
4035 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Args must match #! line");
4039 PL_euid != PL_uid && (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID) &&
4040 PL_euid == PL_statbuf.st_uid)
4042 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "YOU HAVEN'T DISABLED SET-ID SCRIPTS IN THE KERNEL YET!\n\
4043 FIX YOUR KERNEL, OR PUT A C WRAPPER AROUND THIS SCRIPT!\n");
4044 #endif /* IAMSUID */
4047 PL_euid) { /* oops, we're not the setuid root perl */
4049 * When root runs a setuid script, we do not go through the same
4050 * steps of execing sperl and then perl with fd scripts, but
4051 * simply set up UIDs within the same perl invocation; so do
4052 * not have the same checks (on options, whatever) that we have
4053 * for plain users. No problem really: would have to be a script
4054 * that does not actually work for plain users; and if root is
4055 * foolish and can be persuaded to run such an unsafe script, he
4056 * might run also non-setuid ones, and deserves what he gets.
4058 * Or, we might drop the PL_euid check above (and rely just on
4059 * fdscript to avoid loops), and do the execs
4065 * Pass fd script to suidperl.
4066 * Exec suidperl, substituting fd script for scriptname.
4067 * Pass script name as "subdir" of fd, which perl will grok;
4068 * in fact will use that to distinguish this from "normal"
4069 * usage, see comments above.
4071 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
4072 PerlLIO_lseek(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),(Off_t)0,0); /* just in case rewind didn't */
4073 /* PSz 27 Feb 04 Sanity checks on scriptname */
4074 if ((!scriptname) || (!*scriptname) ) {
4075 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No setuid script name\n");
4077 if (*scriptname == '-') {
4078 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script name may not begin with dash\n");
4079 /* Or we might confuse it with an option when replacing
4080 * name in argument list, below (though we do pointer, not
4081 * string, comparisons).
4084 for (which = 1; PL_origargv[which] && PL_origargv[which] != scriptname; which++) ;
4085 if (!PL_origargv[which]) {
4086 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't change argv to have fd script\n");
4088 PL_origargv[which] = savepv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "/dev/fd/%d/%s",
4089 PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp), PL_origargv[which]));
4090 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
4091 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,0); /* ensure no close-on-exec */
4094 PerlProc_execv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s/sperl"PERL_FS_VER_FMT, BIN_EXP,
4095 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
4096 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION), PL_origargv);
4098 #endif /* IAMSUID */
4099 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setuid (cannot exec sperl)\n");
4102 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISGID && PL_statbuf.st_gid != PL_egid) {
4104 * This seems back to front: we try HAS_SETEGID first; if not available
4105 * then try HAS_SETREGID; as a last chance we try HAS_SETRESGID. May be OK
4106 * in the sense that we only want to set EGID; but are there any machines
4107 * with either of the latter, but not the former? Same with UID, later.
4110 (void)setegid(PL_statbuf.st_gid);
4113 (void)setregid((Gid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_gid);
4115 #ifdef HAS_SETRESGID
4116 (void)setresgid((Gid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_gid,(Gid_t)-1);
4118 PerlProc_setgid(PL_statbuf.st_gid);
4122 if (PerlProc_getegid() != PL_statbuf.st_gid)
4123 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setegid!\n");
4125 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID) {
4126 if (PL_statbuf.st_uid != PL_euid)
4128 (void)seteuid(PL_statbuf.st_uid); /* all that for this */
4131 (void)setreuid((Uid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_uid);
4133 #ifdef HAS_SETRESUID
4134 (void)setresuid((Uid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_uid,(Uid_t)-1);
4136 PerlProc_setuid(PL_statbuf.st_uid);
4140 if (PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_statbuf.st_uid)
4141 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do seteuid!\n");
4143 else if (PL_uid) { /* oops, mustn't run as root */
4145 (void)seteuid((Uid_t)PL_uid);
4148 (void)setreuid((Uid_t)-1,(Uid_t)PL_uid);
4150 #ifdef HAS_SETRESUID
4151 (void)setresuid((Uid_t)-1,(Uid_t)PL_uid,(Uid_t)-1);
4153 PerlProc_setuid((Uid_t)PL_uid);
4157 if (PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_uid)
4158 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do seteuid!\n");
4161 if (!cando(S_IXUSR,TRUE,&PL_statbuf))
4162 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Effective UID cannot exec script\n"); /* they can't do this */
4165 else if (PL_preprocess) /* PSz 13 Nov 03 Caught elsewhere, useless(?!) here */
4166 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "-P not allowed for setuid/setgid script\n");
4167 else if (fdscript < 0 || suidscript != 1)
4168 /* PSz 13 Nov 03 Caught elsewhere, useless(?!) here */
4169 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "(suid) fdscript needed in suidperl\n");
4171 /* PSz 16 Sep 03 Keep neat error message */
4172 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Script is not setuid/setgid in suidperl\n");
4175 /* We absolutely must clear out any saved ids here, so we */
4176 /* exec the real perl, substituting fd script for scriptname. */
4177 /* (We pass script name as "subdir" of fd, which perl will grok.) */
4179 * It might be thought that using setresgid and/or setresuid (changed to
4180 * set the saved IDs) above might obviate the need to exec, and we could
4181 * go on to "do the perl thing".
4183 * Is there such a thing as "saved GID", and is that set for setuid (but
4184 * not setgid) execution like suidperl? Without exec, it would not be
4185 * cleared for setuid (but not setgid) scripts (or might need a dummy
4188 * We need suidperl to do the exact same argument checking that perl
4189 * does. Thus it cannot be very small; while it could be significantly
4190 * smaller, it is safer (simpler?) to make it essentially the same
4191 * binary as perl (but they are not identical). - Maybe could defer that
4192 * check to the invoked perl, and suidperl be a tiny wrapper instead;
4193 * but prefer to do thorough checks in suidperl itself. Such deferral
4194 * would make suidperl security rely on perl, a design no-no.
4196 * Setuid things should be short and simple, thus easy to understand and
4197 * verify. They should do their "own thing", without influence by
4198 * attackers. It may help if their internal execution flow is fixed,
4199 * regardless of platform: it may be best to exec anyway.
4201 * Suidperl should at least be conceptually simple: a wrapper only,
4202 * never to do any real perl. Maybe we should put
4204 * Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Suidperl should never do real perl\n");
4206 * into the perly bits.
4208 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
4209 PerlLIO_lseek(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),(Off_t)0,0); /* just in case rewind didn't */
4211 * Keep original arguments: suidperl already has fd script.
4213 /* for (which = 1; PL_origargv[which] && PL_origargv[which] != scriptname; which++) ; */
4214 /* if (!PL_origargv[which]) { */
4215 /* errno = EPERM; */
4216 /* Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Permission denied\n"); */
4218 /* PL_origargv[which] = savepv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "/dev/fd/%d/%s", */
4219 /* PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp), PL_origargv[which])); */
4220 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
4221 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,0); /* ensure no close-on-exec */
4224 PerlProc_execv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s/perl"PERL_FS_VER_FMT, BIN_EXP,
4225 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
4226 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION), PL_origargv);/* try again */
4228 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setuid (suidperl cannot exec perl)\n");
4229 #endif /* IAMSUID */
4231 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(fdscript);
4232 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(suidscript);
4233 if (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid) { /* (suidperl doesn't exist, in fact) */
4234 #ifndef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
4235 PerlLIO_fstat(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),&PL_statbuf); /* may be either wrapped or real suid */
4236 if ((PL_euid != PL_uid && PL_euid == PL_statbuf.st_uid && PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID)
4238 (PL_egid != PL_gid && PL_egid == PL_statbuf.st_gid && PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISGID)
4241 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "YOU HAVEN'T DISABLED SET-ID SCRIPTS IN THE KERNEL YET!\n\
4242 FIX YOUR KERNEL, PUT A C WRAPPER AROUND THIS SCRIPT, OR USE -u AND UNDUMP!\n");
4243 #endif /* SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW */
4244 /* not set-id, must be wrapped */
4247 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(validarg);
4248 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(scriptname);
4252 S_find_beginning(pTHX)
4256 register const char *s2;
4257 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4261 /* skip forward in input to the real script? */
4263 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4264 /* Since the Mac OS does not honor #! arguments for us, we do it ourselves */
4266 while (PL_doextract || gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
4267 if ((s = sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0)) == NULL) {
4268 if (!gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract)
4269 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No Perl script found in input\n");
4271 if (PL_doextract) /* require explicit override ? */
4272 if (!OverrideExtract(PL_origfilename))
4273 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "User aborted script\n");
4275 PL_doextract = FALSE;
4277 /* Pater peccavi, file does not have #! */
4278 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
4283 while (PL_doextract) {
4284 if ((s = sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0)) == NULL)
4285 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No Perl script found in input\n");
4288 if (*s == '#' && s[1] == '!' && ((s = instr(s,"perl")) || (s = instr(s2,"PERL")))) {
4289 PerlIO_ungetc(PL_rsfp, '\n'); /* to keep line count right */
4290 PL_doextract = FALSE;
4291 while (*s && !(isSPACE (*s) || *s == '#')) s++;
4293 while (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t') s++;
4295 while (isDIGIT(s2[-1]) || s2[-1] == '-' || s2[-1] == '.'
4296 || s2[-1] == '_') s2--;
4297 if (strnEQ(s2-4,"perl",4))
4298 while ((s = moreswitches(s)))
4301 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4302 /* We are always searching for the #!perl line in MacPerl,
4303 * so if we find it, still keep the line count correct
4304 * by counting lines we already skipped over
4306 for (; maclines > 0 ; maclines--)
4307 PerlIO_ungetc(PL_rsfp, '\n');
4311 /* gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract is false in MPW tool */
4312 } else if (gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
4324 PL_uid = PerlProc_getuid();
4325 PL_euid = PerlProc_geteuid();
4326 PL_gid = PerlProc_getgid();
4327 PL_egid = PerlProc_getegid();
4329 PL_uid |= PL_gid << 16;
4330 PL_euid |= PL_egid << 16;
4332 /* Should not happen: */
4333 CHECK_MALLOC_TAINT(PL_uid && (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid));
4334 PL_tainting |= (PL_uid && (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid));
4337 * Should go by suidscript, not uid!=euid: why disallow
4338 * system("ls") in scripts run from setuid things?
4339 * Or, is this run before we check arguments and set suidscript?
4340 * What about SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW: could we use fdscript then?
4341 * (We never have suidscript, can we be sure to have fdscript?)
4342 * Or must then go by UID checks? See comments in forbid_setid also.
4346 /* This is used very early in the lifetime of the program,
4347 * before even the options are parsed, so PL_tainting has
4348 * not been initialized properly. */
4350 Perl_doing_taint(int argc, char *argv[], char *envp[])
4352 #ifndef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
4353 /* If we have PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS we can't call getuid() et alia
4354 * before we have an interpreter-- and the whole point of this
4355 * function is to be called at such an early stage. If you are on
4356 * a system with PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS but you do have a concept of
4357 * "tainted because running with altered effective ids', you'll
4358 * have to add your own checks somewhere in here. The two most
4359 * known samples of 'implicitness' are Win32 and NetWare, neither
4360 * of which has much of concept of 'uids'. */
4361 int uid = PerlProc_getuid();
4362 int euid = PerlProc_geteuid();
4363 int gid = PerlProc_getgid();
4364 int egid = PerlProc_getegid();
4371 if (uid && (euid != uid || egid != gid))
4373 #endif /* !PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS */
4374 /* This is a really primitive check; environment gets ignored only
4375 * if -T are the first chars together; otherwise one gets
4376 * "Too late" message. */
4377 if ( argc > 1 && argv[1][0] == '-'
4378 && (argv[1][1] == 't' || argv[1][1] == 'T') )
4383 /* Passing the flag as a single char rather than a string is a slight space
4384 optimisation. The only message that isn't /^-.$/ is
4385 "program input from stdin", which is substituted in place of '\0', which
4386 could never be a command line flag. */
4388 S_forbid_setid(pTHX_ const char flag, const int suidscript)
4391 char string[3] = "-x";
4392 const char *message = "program input from stdin";
4399 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
4400 if (PL_euid != PL_uid)
4401 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed while running setuid", message);
4402 if (PL_egid != PL_gid)
4403 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed while running setgid", message);
4404 #endif /* SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW */
4406 * Checks for UID/GID above "wrong": why disallow
4407 * perl -e 'print "Hello\n"'
4408 * from within setuid things?? Simply drop them: replaced by
4409 * fdscript/suidscript and #ifdef IAMSUID checks below.
4411 * This may be too late for command-line switches. Will catch those on
4412 * the #! line, after finding the script name and setting up
4413 * fdscript/suidscript. Note that suidperl does not get around to
4414 * parsing (and checking) the switches on the #! line, but checks that
4415 * the two sets are identical.
4417 * With SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW, could we use fdscript, also or
4418 * instead, or would that be "too late"? (We never have suidscript, can
4419 * we be sure to have fdscript?)
4421 * Catch things with suidscript (in descendant of suidperl), even with
4422 * right UID/GID. Was already checked in suidperl, with #ifdef IAMSUID,
4423 * below; but I am paranoid.
4425 * Also see comments about root running a setuid script, elsewhere.
4427 if (suidscript >= 0)
4428 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed with (suid) fdscript", message);
4430 /* PSz 11 Nov 03 Catch it in suidperl, always! */
4431 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed in suidperl", message);
4432 #endif /* IAMSUID */
4436 Perl_init_debugger(pTHX)
4439 HV * const ostash = PL_curstash;
4441 PL_curstash = PL_debstash;
4442 PL_dbargs = GvAV(gv_AVadd((gv_fetchpvs("DB::args", GV_ADDMULTI,
4444 AvREAL_off(PL_dbargs);
4445 PL_DBgv = gv_fetchpvs("DB::DB", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVGV);
4446 PL_DBline = gv_fetchpvs("DB::dbline", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVAV);
4447 PL_DBsub = gv_HVadd(gv_fetchpvs("DB::sub", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
4448 PL_DBsingle = GvSV((gv_fetchpvs("DB::single", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
4449 sv_setiv(PL_DBsingle, 0);
4450 PL_DBtrace = GvSV((gv_fetchpvs("DB::trace", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
4451 sv_setiv(PL_DBtrace, 0);
4452 PL_DBsignal = GvSV((gv_fetchpvs("DB::signal", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
4453 sv_setiv(PL_DBsignal, 0);
4454 PL_DBassertion = GvSV((gv_fetchpvs("DB::assertion", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
4455 sv_setiv(PL_DBassertion, 0);
4456 PL_curstash = ostash;
4459 #ifndef STRESS_REALLOC
4460 #define REASONABLE(size) (size)
4462 #define REASONABLE(size) (1) /* unreasonable */
4466 Perl_init_stacks(pTHX)
4469 /* start with 128-item stack and 8K cxstack */
4470 PL_curstackinfo = new_stackinfo(REASONABLE(128),
4471 REASONABLE(8192/sizeof(PERL_CONTEXT) - 1));
4472 PL_curstackinfo->si_type = PERLSI_MAIN;
4473 PL_curstack = PL_curstackinfo->si_stack;
4474 PL_mainstack = PL_curstack; /* remember in case we switch stacks */
4476 PL_stack_base = AvARRAY(PL_curstack);
4477 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base;
4478 PL_stack_max = PL_stack_base + AvMAX(PL_curstack);
4480 Newx(PL_tmps_stack,REASONABLE(128),SV*);
4483 PL_tmps_max = REASONABLE(128);
4485 Newx(PL_markstack,REASONABLE(32),I32);
4486 PL_markstack_ptr = PL_markstack;
4487 PL_markstack_max = PL_markstack + REASONABLE(32);
4491 Newx(PL_scopestack,REASONABLE(32),I32);
4492 PL_scopestack_ix = 0;
4493 PL_scopestack_max = REASONABLE(32);
4495 Newx(PL_savestack,REASONABLE(128),ANY);
4496 PL_savestack_ix = 0;
4497 PL_savestack_max = REASONABLE(128);
4506 while (PL_curstackinfo->si_next)
4507 PL_curstackinfo = PL_curstackinfo->si_next;
4508 while (PL_curstackinfo) {
4509 PERL_SI *p = PL_curstackinfo->si_prev;
4510 /* curstackinfo->si_stack got nuked by sv_free_arenas() */
4511 Safefree(PL_curstackinfo->si_cxstack);
4512 Safefree(PL_curstackinfo);
4513 PL_curstackinfo = p;
4515 Safefree(PL_tmps_stack);
4516 Safefree(PL_markstack);
4517 Safefree(PL_scopestack);
4518 Safefree(PL_savestack);
4528 lex_start(PL_linestr);
4530 PL_subname = newSVpvs("main");
4534 S_init_predump_symbols(pTHX)
4540 sv_setpvn(get_sv("\"", TRUE), " ", 1);
4541 PL_stdingv = gv_fetchpvs("STDIN", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVIO);
4542 GvMULTI_on(PL_stdingv);
4543 io = GvIOp(PL_stdingv);
4544 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_RDONLY;
4545 IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stdin();
4546 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvs("stdin", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV);
4548 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc_simple(io);
4550 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvs("STDOUT", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVIO);
4553 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_WRONLY;
4554 IoOFP(io) = IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stdout();
4556 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvs("stdout", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV);
4558 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc_simple(io);
4560 PL_stderrgv = gv_fetchpvs("STDERR", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVIO);
4561 GvMULTI_on(PL_stderrgv);
4562 io = GvIOp(PL_stderrgv);
4563 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_WRONLY;
4564 IoOFP(io) = IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stderr();
4565 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvs("stderr", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV);
4567 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc_simple(io);
4569 PL_statname = newSV(0); /* last filename we did stat on */
4571 Safefree(PL_osname);
4572 PL_osname = savepv(OSNAME);
4576 Perl_init_argv_symbols(pTHX_ register int argc, register char **argv)
4579 argc--,argv++; /* skip name of script */
4580 if (PL_doswitches) {
4581 for (; argc > 0 && **argv == '-'; argc--,argv++) {
4585 if (argv[0][1] == '-' && !argv[0][2]) {
4589 if ((s = strchr(argv[0], '='))) {
4590 const char *const start_name = argv[0] + 1;
4591 sv_setpv(GvSV(gv_fetchpvn_flags(start_name, s - start_name,
4592 TRUE, SVt_PV)), s + 1);
4595 sv_setiv(GvSV(gv_fetchpv(argv[0]+1, GV_ADD, SVt_PV)),1);
4598 if ((PL_argvgv = gv_fetchpvs("ARGV", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVAV))) {
4599 GvMULTI_on(PL_argvgv);
4600 (void)gv_AVadd(PL_argvgv);
4601 av_clear(GvAVn(PL_argvgv));
4602 for (; argc > 0; argc--,argv++) {
4603 SV * const sv = newSVpv(argv[0],0);
4604 av_push(GvAVn(PL_argvgv),sv);
4605 if (!(PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_LOCALE_FLAG) || PL_utf8locale) {
4606 if (PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_ARGV_FLAG)
4609 if (PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_WIDESYSCALLS_FLAG) /* Sarathy? */
4610 (void)sv_utf8_decode(sv);
4616 S_init_postdump_symbols(pTHX_ register int argc, register char **argv, register char **env)
4621 PL_toptarget = newSV(0);
4622 sv_upgrade(PL_toptarget, SVt_PVFM);
4623 sv_setpvn(PL_toptarget, "", 0);
4624 PL_bodytarget = newSV(0);
4625 sv_upgrade(PL_bodytarget, SVt_PVFM);
4626 sv_setpvn(PL_bodytarget, "", 0);
4627 PL_formtarget = PL_bodytarget;
4631 init_argv_symbols(argc,argv);
4633 if ((tmpgv = gv_fetchpvs("0", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV))) {
4634 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4635 /* $0 is not majick on a Mac */
4636 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv),MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
4638 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv),PL_origfilename);
4639 magicname("0", "0", 1);
4642 if ((PL_envgv = gv_fetchpvs("ENV", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVHV))) {
4644 GvMULTI_on(PL_envgv);
4645 hv = GvHVn(PL_envgv);
4646 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_env);
4648 #ifdef USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY
4649 /* Note that if the supplied env parameter is actually a copy
4650 of the global environ then it may now point to free'd memory
4651 if the environment has been modified since. To avoid this
4652 problem we treat env==NULL as meaning 'use the default'
4657 # ifdef USE_ITHREADS
4658 && PL_curinterp == aTHX
4665 char** origenv = environ;
4668 for (; *env; env++) {
4669 if (!(s = strchr(*env,'=')) || s == *env)
4671 #if defined(MSDOS) && !defined(DJGPP)
4676 sv = newSVpv(s+1, 0);
4677 (void)hv_store(hv, *env, s - *env, sv, 0);
4680 if (origenv != environ) {
4681 /* realloc has shifted us */
4682 env = (env - origenv) + environ;
4687 #endif /* USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY */
4688 #endif /* !PERL_MICRO */
4691 if ((tmpgv = gv_fetchpvs("$", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV))) {
4692 SvREADONLY_off(GvSV(tmpgv));
4693 sv_setiv(GvSV(tmpgv), (IV)PerlProc_getpid());
4694 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(tmpgv));
4696 #ifdef THREADS_HAVE_PIDS
4697 PL_ppid = (IV)getppid();
4700 /* touch @F array to prevent spurious warnings 20020415 MJD */
4702 (void) get_av("main::F", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4704 /* touch @- and @+ arrays to prevent spurious warnings 20020415 MJD */
4705 (void) get_av("main::-", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4706 (void) get_av("main::+", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4710 S_init_perllib(pTHX)
4716 s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL5LIB");
4718 * It isn't possible to delete an environment variable with
4719 * PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV set unless unsetenv() is also available, so in that
4720 * case we treat PERL5LIB as undefined if it has a zero-length value.
4722 #if defined(PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV) && ! defined(HAS_UNSETENV)
4723 if (s && *s != '\0')
4727 incpush(s, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE);
4729 incpush(PerlEnv_getenv("PERLLIB"), FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4731 /* Treat PERL5?LIB as a possible search list logical name -- the
4732 * "natural" VMS idiom for a Unix path string. We allow each
4733 * element to be a set of |-separated directories for compatibility.
4737 if (my_trnlnm("PERL5LIB",buf,0))
4738 do { incpush(buf,TRUE,TRUE,TRUE,FALSE); } while (my_trnlnm("PERL5LIB",buf,++idx));
4740 while (my_trnlnm("PERLLIB",buf,idx++)) incpush(buf,FALSE,FALSE,TRUE,FALSE);
4744 /* Use the ~-expanded versions of APPLLIB (undocumented),
4745 ARCHLIB PRIVLIB SITEARCH SITELIB VENDORARCH and VENDORLIB
4748 incpush(APPLLIB_EXP, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4752 incpush(ARCHLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4754 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4757 SV * privdir = newSV(0);
4758 char * macperl = PerlEnv_getenv("MACPERL");
4763 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ privdir, "%slib:", macperl);
4764 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(privdir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 && S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode))
4765 incpush(SvPVX(privdir), TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4766 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ privdir, "%ssite_perl:", macperl);
4767 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(privdir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 && S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode))
4768 incpush(SvPVX(privdir), TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4770 SvREFCNT_dec(privdir);
4773 incpush(":", FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4776 # define PRIVLIB_EXP "/usr/local/lib/perl5:/usr/local/lib/perl"
4779 incpush(PRIVLIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4781 incpush(PRIVLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4785 /* sitearch is always relative to sitelib on Windows for
4786 * DLL-based path intuition to work correctly */
4787 # if !defined(WIN32)
4788 incpush(SITEARCH_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4794 /* this picks up sitearch as well */
4795 incpush(SITELIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4797 incpush(SITELIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4801 #if defined(SITELIB_STEM) && defined(PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST)
4802 /* Search for version-specific dirs below here */
4803 incpush(SITELIB_STEM, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4806 #ifdef PERL_VENDORARCH_EXP
4807 /* vendorarch is always relative to vendorlib on Windows for
4808 * DLL-based path intuition to work correctly */
4809 # if !defined(WIN32)
4810 incpush(PERL_VENDORARCH_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4814 #ifdef PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP
4816 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE); /* this picks up vendorarch as well */
4818 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4822 #ifdef PERL_VENDORLIB_STEM /* Search for version-specific dirs below here */
4823 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_STEM, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4826 #ifdef PERL_OTHERLIBDIRS
4827 incpush(PERL_OTHERLIBDIRS, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4831 incpush(".", FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4832 #endif /* MACOS_TRADITIONAL */
4835 #if defined(DOSISH) || defined(EPOC) || defined(__SYMBIAN32__)
4836 # define PERLLIB_SEP ';'
4839 # define PERLLIB_SEP '|'
4841 # if defined(MACOS_TRADITIONAL)
4842 # define PERLLIB_SEP ','
4844 # define PERLLIB_SEP ':'
4848 #ifndef PERLLIB_MANGLE
4849 # define PERLLIB_MANGLE(s,n) (s)
4852 /* Push a directory onto @INC if it exists.
4853 Generate a new SV if we do this, to save needing to copy the SV we push
4856 S_incpush_if_exists(pTHX_ SV *dir)
4860 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX_const(dir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 &&
4861 S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode)) {
4862 av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), dir);
4869 S_incpush(pTHX_ const char *dir, bool addsubdirs, bool addoldvers, bool usesep,
4874 const char *p = dir;
4879 if (addsubdirs || addoldvers) {
4883 /* Break at all separators */
4885 SV *libdir = newSV(0);
4888 /* skip any consecutive separators */
4890 while ( *p == PERLLIB_SEP ) {
4891 /* Uncomment the next line for PATH semantics */
4892 /* av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), newSVpvs(".")); */
4897 if ( usesep && (s = strchr(p, PERLLIB_SEP)) != NULL ) {
4898 sv_setpvn(libdir, PERLLIB_MANGLE(p, (STRLEN)(s - p)),
4903 sv_setpv(libdir, PERLLIB_MANGLE(p, 0));
4904 p = NULL; /* break out */
4906 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4907 if (!strchr(SvPVX(libdir), ':')) {
4910 sv_setpv(libdir, MacPerl_CanonDir(SvPVX(libdir), buf, 0));
4912 if (SvPVX(libdir)[SvCUR(libdir)-1] != ':')
4913 sv_catpvs(libdir, ":");
4916 /* Do the if() outside the #ifdef to avoid warnings about an unused
4919 #ifdef PERL_RELOCATABLE_INC
4921 * Relocatable include entries are marked with a leading .../
4924 * 0: Remove that leading ".../"
4925 * 1: Remove trailing executable name (anything after the last '/')
4926 * from the perl path to give a perl prefix
4928 * While the @INC element starts "../" and the prefix ends with a real
4929 * directory (ie not . or ..) chop that real directory off the prefix
4930 * and the leading "../" from the @INC element. ie a logical "../"
4932 * Finally concatenate the prefix and the remainder of the @INC element
4933 * The intent is that /usr/local/bin/perl and .../../lib/perl5
4934 * generates /usr/local/lib/perl5
4936 const char *libpath = SvPVX(libdir);
4937 STRLEN libpath_len = SvCUR(libdir);
4938 if (libpath_len >= 4 && memEQ (libpath, ".../", 4)) {
4940 SV * const caret_X = get_sv("\030", 0);
4941 /* Going to use the SV just as a scratch buffer holding a C
4947 /* $^X is *the* source of taint if tainting is on, hence
4948 SvPOK() won't be true. */
4950 assert(SvPOKp(caret_X));
4951 prefix_sv = newSVpvn(SvPVX(caret_X), SvCUR(caret_X));
4952 /* Firstly take off the leading .../
4953 If all else fail we'll do the paths relative to the current
4955 sv_chop(libdir, libpath + 4);
4956 /* Don't use SvPV as we're intentionally bypassing taining,
4957 mortal copies that the mg_get of tainting creates, and
4958 corruption that seems to come via the save stack.
4959 I guess that the save stack isn't correctly set up yet. */
4960 libpath = SvPVX(libdir);
4961 libpath_len = SvCUR(libdir);
4963 /* This would work more efficiently with memrchr, but as it's
4964 only a GNU extension we'd need to probe for it and
4965 implement our own. Not hard, but maybe not worth it? */
4967 prefix = SvPVX(prefix_sv);
4968 lastslash = strrchr(prefix, '/');
4970 /* First time in with the *lastslash = '\0' we just wipe off
4971 the trailing /perl from (say) /usr/foo/bin/perl
4975 while ((*lastslash = '\0'), /* Do that, come what may. */
4976 (libpath_len >= 3 && memEQ(libpath, "../", 3)
4977 && (lastslash = strrchr(prefix, '/')))) {
4978 if (lastslash[1] == '\0'
4979 || (lastslash[1] == '.'
4980 && (lastslash[2] == '/' /* ends "/." */
4981 || (lastslash[2] == '/'
4982 && lastslash[3] == '/' /* or "/.." */
4984 /* Prefix ends "/" or "/." or "/..", any of which
4985 are fishy, so don't do any more logical cleanup.
4989 /* Remove leading "../" from path */
4992 /* Next iteration round the loop removes the last
4993 directory name from prefix by writing a '\0' in
4994 the while clause. */
4996 /* prefix has been terminated with a '\0' to the correct
4997 length. libpath points somewhere into the libdir SV.
4998 We need to join the 2 with '/' and drop the result into
5000 tempsv = Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "%s/%s", prefix, libpath);
5001 SvREFCNT_dec(libdir);
5002 /* And this is the new libdir. */
5005 (PL_uid != PL_euid || PL_gid != PL_egid)) {
5006 /* Need to taint reloccated paths if running set ID */
5007 SvTAINTED_on(libdir);
5010 SvREFCNT_dec(prefix_sv);
5015 * BEFORE pushing libdir onto @INC we may first push version- and
5016 * archname-specific sub-directories.
5018 if (addsubdirs || addoldvers) {
5019 #ifdef PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST
5020 /* Configure terminates PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST with a NULL */
5021 const char * const incverlist[] = { PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST };
5022 const char * const *incver;
5028 if ((unix = tounixspec_ts(SvPV(libdir,len),NULL)) != NULL) {
5030 while (unix[len-1] == '/') len--; /* Cosmetic */
5031 sv_usepvn(libdir,unix,len);
5034 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log,
5035 "Failed to unixify @INC element \"%s\"\n",
5039 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
5040 #define PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT ""
5041 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT "%s:"
5042 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_FS_VER_FMT PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT
5044 #define PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT "/"
5045 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT "/%s"
5046 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT PERL_FS_VER_FMT
5048 /* .../version/archname if -d .../version/archname */
5049 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_ARCH_FMT,
5051 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
5052 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION, ARCHNAME);
5053 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
5055 /* .../version if -d .../version */
5056 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH, libdir,
5057 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
5058 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION);
5059 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
5061 /* .../archname if -d .../archname */
5062 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT, libdir, ARCHNAME);
5063 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
5067 #ifdef PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST
5069 for (incver = incverlist; *incver; incver++) {
5070 /* .../xxx if -d .../xxx */
5071 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT, libdir, *incver);
5072 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
5078 /* finally push this lib directory on the end of @INC */
5079 av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), libdir);
5082 assert (SvREFCNT(subdir) == 1);
5083 SvREFCNT_dec(subdir);
5089 Perl_call_list(pTHX_ I32 oldscope, AV *paramList)
5093 const line_t oldline = CopLINE(PL_curcop);
5099 while (av_len(paramList) >= 0) {
5100 cv = (CV*)av_shift(paramList);
5102 if (paramList == PL_beginav) {
5103 /* save PL_beginav for compiler */
5104 if (! PL_beginav_save)
5105 PL_beginav_save = newAV();
5106 av_push(PL_beginav_save, (SV*)cv);
5108 else if (paramList == PL_checkav) {
5109 /* save PL_checkav for compiler */
5110 if (! PL_checkav_save)
5111 PL_checkav_save = newAV();
5112 av_push(PL_checkav_save, (SV*)cv);
5123 PL_madskills |= 16384;
5128 PL_madskills &= ~16384;
5131 (void)SvPV_const(atsv, len);
5132 if (PL_madskills && PL_minus_c && paramList == PL_beginav)
5133 break; /* not really trying to run, so just wing it */
5135 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
5136 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
5137 if (paramList == PL_beginav)
5138 sv_catpvs(atsv, "BEGIN failed--compilation aborted");
5140 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ atsv,
5141 "%s failed--call queue aborted",
5142 paramList == PL_checkav ? "CHECK"
5143 : paramList == PL_initav ? "INIT"
5145 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
5148 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%"SVf"", atsv);
5155 /* my_exit() was called */
5156 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
5159 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
5160 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
5161 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
5163 if (PL_madskills && PL_minus_c && paramList == PL_beginav)
5164 return; /* not really trying to run, so just wing it */
5165 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED)) {
5166 if (paramList == PL_beginav)
5167 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "BEGIN failed--compilation aborted");
5169 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s failed--call queue aborted",
5170 paramList == PL_checkav ? "CHECK"
5171 : paramList == PL_initav ? "INIT"
5178 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
5179 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
5182 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: restartop\n");
5191 S_call_list_body(pTHX_ CV *cv)
5194 PUSHMARK(PL_stack_sp);
5195 call_sv((SV*)cv, G_EVAL|G_DISCARD);
5200 Perl_my_exit(pTHX_ U32 status)
5203 DEBUG_S(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "my_exit: thread %p, status %lu\n",
5204 thr, (unsigned long) status));
5213 STATUS_EXIT_SET(status);
5220 Perl_my_failure_exit(pTHX)
5224 /* We have been called to fall on our sword. The desired exit code
5225 * should be already set in STATUS_UNIX, but could be shifted over
5226 * by 8 bits. STATUS_UNIX_EXIT_SET will handle the cases where a
5229 * If an error code has not been set, then force the issue.
5231 if (MY_POSIX_EXIT) {
5233 /* In POSIX_EXIT mode follow Perl documentations and use 255 for
5234 * the exit code when there isn't an error.
5237 if (STATUS_UNIX == 0)
5238 STATUS_UNIX_EXIT_SET(255);
5240 STATUS_UNIX_EXIT_SET(STATUS_UNIX);
5242 /* The exit code could have been set by $? or vmsish which
5243 * means that it may not be fatal. So convert
5244 * success/warning codes to fatal.
5246 if ((STATUS_NATIVE & (STS$K_SEVERE|STS$K_ERROR)) == 0)
5247 STATUS_UNIX_EXIT_SET(255);
5251 /* Traditionally Perl on VMS always expects a Fatal Error. */
5252 if (vaxc$errno & 1) {
5254 /* So force success status to failure */
5255 if (STATUS_NATIVE & 1)
5260 STATUS_UNIX = EINTR; /* In case something cares */
5265 STATUS_NATIVE = vaxc$errno; /* Should already be this */
5267 /* Encode the severity code */
5268 severity = STATUS_NATIVE & STS$M_SEVERITY;
5269 STATUS_UNIX = (severity ? severity : 1) << 8;
5271 /* Perl expects this to be a fatal error */
5272 if (severity != STS$K_SEVERE)
5281 STATUS_UNIX_SET(errno);
5283 exitstatus = STATUS_UNIX >> 8;
5284 if (exitstatus & 255)
5285 STATUS_UNIX_SET(exitstatus);
5287 STATUS_UNIX_SET(255);
5294 S_my_exit_jump(pTHX)
5299 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
5303 POPSTACK_TO(PL_mainstack);
5311 read_e_script(pTHX_ int idx, SV *buf_sv, int maxlen)
5314 const char * const p = SvPVX_const(PL_e_script);
5315 const char *nl = strchr(p, '\n');
5317 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(idx);
5318 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(maxlen);
5320 nl = (nl) ? nl+1 : SvEND(PL_e_script);
5322 filter_del(read_e_script);
5325 sv_catpvn(buf_sv, p, nl-p);
5326 sv_chop(PL_e_script, nl);
5332 * c-indentation-style: bsd
5334 * indent-tabs-mode: t
5337 * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 noet: