3 * Copyright (C) 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
4 * 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * "A ship then new they built for him/of mithril and of elven glass" --Bilbo
15 /* This file contains the top-level functions that are used to create, use
16 * and destroy a perl interpreter, plus the functions used by XS code to
17 * call back into perl. Note that it does not contain the actual main()
18 * function of the interpreter; that can be found in perlmain.c
23 * Be proud that perl(1) may proclaim:
24 * Setuid Perl scripts are safer than C programs ...
25 * Do not abandon (deprecate) suidperl. Do not advocate C wrappers.
27 * The flow was: perl starts, notices script is suid, execs suidperl with same
28 * arguments; suidperl opens script, checks many things, sets itself with
29 * right UID, execs perl with similar arguments but with script pre-opened on
30 * /dev/fd/xxx; perl checks script is as should be and does work. This was
31 * insecure: see perlsec(1) for many problems with this approach.
33 * The "correct" flow should be: perl starts, opens script and notices it is
34 * suid, checks many things, execs suidperl with similar arguments but with
35 * script on /dev/fd/xxx; suidperl checks script and /dev/fd/xxx object are
36 * same, checks arguments match #! line, sets itself with right UID, execs
37 * perl with same arguments; perl checks many things and does work.
39 * (Opening the script in perl instead of suidperl, we "lose" scripts that
40 * are readable to the target UID but not to the invoker. Where did
41 * unreadable scripts work anyway?)
43 * For now, suidperl and perl are pretty much the same large and cumbersome
44 * program, so suidperl can check its argument list (see comments elsewhere).
47 * Original bug report:
48 * http://bugs.perl.org/index.html?req=bug_id&bug_id=20010322.218
49 * http://rt.perl.org/rt2/Ticket/Display.html?id=6511
50 * Comments and discussion with Debian:
51 * http://bugs.debian.org/203426
52 * http://bugs.debian.org/220486
53 * Debian Security Advisory DSA 431-1 (does not fully fix problem):
54 * http://www.debian.org/security/2004/dsa-431
56 * http://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CAN-2003-0618
57 * Previous versions of this patch sent to perl5-porters:
58 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg71953.html
59 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75245.html
60 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75563.html
61 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75635.html
63 Paul Szabo - psz@maths.usyd.edu.au http://www.maths.usyd.edu.au:8000/u/psz/
64 School of Mathematics and Statistics University of Sydney 2006 Australia
68 * Use truthful, neat, specific error messages.
69 * Cannot always hide the truth; security must not depend on doing so.
73 * Use global(?), thread-local fdscript for easier checks.
74 * (I do not understand how we could possibly get a thread race:
75 * do not all threads go through the same initialization? Or in
76 * fact, are not threads started only after we get the script and
77 * so know what to do? Oh well, make things super-safe...)
81 #define PERL_IN_PERL_C
83 #include "patchlevel.h" /* for local_patches */
87 char *nw_get_sitelib(const char *pl);
90 /* XXX If this causes problems, set i_unistd=undef in the hint file. */
107 #if !defined(STANDARD_C) && !defined(HAS_GETENV_PROTOTYPE) && !defined(PERL_MICRO)
108 char *getenv (char *); /* Usually in <stdlib.h> */
111 static I32 read_e_script(pTHX_ int idx, SV *buf_sv, int maxlen);
119 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
126 S_init_tls_and_interp(PerlInterpreter *my_perl)
130 PERL_SET_INTERP(my_perl);
131 #if defined(USE_ITHREADS)
134 PERL_SET_THX(my_perl);
136 MUTEX_INIT(&PL_dollarzero_mutex);
140 PERL_SET_THX(my_perl);
144 #ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
146 perl_alloc_using(struct IPerlMem* ipM, struct IPerlMem* ipMS,
147 struct IPerlMem* ipMP, struct IPerlEnv* ipE,
148 struct IPerlStdIO* ipStd, struct IPerlLIO* ipLIO,
149 struct IPerlDir* ipD, struct IPerlSock* ipS,
150 struct IPerlProc* ipP)
152 PerlInterpreter *my_perl;
153 /* New() needs interpreter, so call malloc() instead */
154 my_perl = (PerlInterpreter*)(*ipM->pMalloc)(ipM, sizeof(PerlInterpreter));
155 S_init_tls_and_interp(my_perl);
156 Zero(my_perl, 1, PerlInterpreter);
172 =head1 Embedding Functions
174 =for apidoc perl_alloc
176 Allocates a new Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
184 PerlInterpreter *my_perl;
186 /* New() needs interpreter, so call malloc() instead */
187 my_perl = (PerlInterpreter*)PerlMem_malloc(sizeof(PerlInterpreter));
189 S_init_tls_and_interp(my_perl);
190 return (PerlInterpreter *) ZeroD(my_perl, 1, PerlInterpreter);
192 #endif /* PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS */
195 =for apidoc perl_construct
197 Initializes a new Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
203 perl_construct(pTHXx)
208 PL_perl_destruct_level = 1;
210 if (PL_perl_destruct_level > 0)
213 /* Init the real globals (and main thread)? */
215 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling; /* needed by ckWARN, right away */
217 PL_linestr = NEWSV(65,79);
218 sv_upgrade(PL_linestr,SVt_PVIV);
220 if (!SvREADONLY(&PL_sv_undef)) {
221 /* set read-only and try to insure than we wont see REFCNT==0
224 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_undef);
225 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_undef) = (~(U32)0)/2;
227 sv_setpv(&PL_sv_no,PL_No);
228 /* value lookup in void context - happens to have the side effect
229 of caching the numeric forms. */
232 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_no);
233 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_no) = (~(U32)0)/2;
235 sv_setpv(&PL_sv_yes,PL_Yes);
238 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_yes);
239 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_yes) = (~(U32)0)/2;
241 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_placeholder);
242 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_placeholder) = (~(U32)0)/2;
245 PL_sighandlerp = Perl_sighandler;
246 PL_pidstatus = newHV();
249 PL_rs = newSVpvn("\n", 1);
254 PL_lex_state = LEX_NOTPARSING;
260 SET_NUMERIC_STANDARD();
262 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
263 PL_localpatches = local_patches; /* For possible -v */
266 #ifdef HAVE_INTERP_INTERN
270 PerlIO_init(aTHX); /* Hook to IO system */
272 PL_fdpid = newAV(); /* for remembering popen pids by fd */
273 PL_modglobal = newHV(); /* pointers to per-interpreter module globals */
274 PL_errors = newSVpvn("",0);
275 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(0), "", 0); /* For regex debugging. */
276 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(1), "", 0); /* ext/re needs these */
277 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(2), "", 0); /* even without DEBUGGING. */
279 PL_regex_padav = newAV();
280 av_push(PL_regex_padav,(SV*)newAV()); /* First entry is an array of empty elements */
281 PL_regex_pad = AvARRAY(PL_regex_padav);
283 #ifdef USE_REENTRANT_API
284 Perl_reentrant_init(aTHX);
287 /* Note that strtab is a rather special HV. Assumptions are made
288 about not iterating on it, and not adding tie magic to it.
289 It is properly deallocated in perl_destruct() */
292 HvSHAREKEYS_off(PL_strtab); /* mandatory */
293 hv_ksplit(PL_strtab, 512);
295 #if defined(__DYNAMIC__) && (defined(NeXT) || defined(__NeXT__))
296 _dyld_lookup_and_bind
297 ("__environ", (unsigned long *) &environ_pointer, NULL);
301 # ifdef USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY
302 PL_origenviron = environ;
306 /* Use sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK) if available, if not
307 * available or if the sysconf() fails, use the HZ.
308 * BeOS has those, but returns the wrong value.
309 * The HZ if not originally defined has been by now
310 * been defined as CLK_TCK, if available. */
311 #if defined(HAS_SYSCONF) && defined(_SC_CLK_TCK) && !defined(__BEOS__)
312 PL_clocktick = sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK);
313 if (PL_clocktick <= 0)
317 PL_stashcache = newHV();
319 PL_patchlevel = newSVpv(
320 Perl_form(aTHX_ "%d.%d.%d",
323 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION ), 0
327 if (!PL_mmap_page_size) {
328 #if defined(HAS_SYSCONF) && (defined(_SC_PAGESIZE) || defined(_SC_MMAP_PAGE_SIZE))
330 SETERRNO(0, SS_NORMAL);
332 PL_mmap_page_size = sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE);
334 PL_mmap_page_size = sysconf(_SC_MMAP_PAGE_SIZE);
336 if ((long) PL_mmap_page_size < 0) {
339 (void) SvUPGRADE(error, SVt_PV);
340 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: sysconf: %s", SvPV_nolen_const(error));
343 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: sysconf: pagesize unknown");
347 # ifdef HAS_GETPAGESIZE
348 PL_mmap_page_size = getpagesize();
350 # if defined(I_SYS_PARAM) && defined(PAGESIZE)
351 PL_mmap_page_size = PAGESIZE; /* compiletime, bad */
355 if (PL_mmap_page_size <= 0)
356 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: bad pagesize %" IVdf,
357 (IV) PL_mmap_page_size);
359 #endif /* HAS_MMAP */
361 #if defined(HAS_TIMES) && defined(PERL_NEED_TIMESBASE)
362 PL_timesbase.tms_utime = 0;
363 PL_timesbase.tms_stime = 0;
364 PL_timesbase.tms_cutime = 0;
365 PL_timesbase.tms_cstime = 0;
372 =for apidoc nothreadhook
374 Stub that provides thread hook for perl_destruct when there are
381 Perl_nothreadhook(pTHX)
387 =for apidoc perl_destruct
389 Shuts down a Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
398 volatile int destruct_level; /* 0=none, 1=full, 2=full with checks */
401 /* wait for all pseudo-forked children to finish */
402 PERL_WAIT_FOR_CHILDREN;
404 destruct_level = PL_perl_destruct_level;
408 if ((s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL"))) {
409 const int i = atoi(s);
410 if (destruct_level < i)
416 if (PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_DESTRUCT_END) {
421 if (PL_endav && !PL_minus_c)
422 call_list(PL_scopestack_ix, PL_endav);
428 /* Need to flush since END blocks can produce output */
431 if (CALL_FPTR(PL_threadhook)(aTHX)) {
432 /* Threads hook has vetoed further cleanup */
433 return STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
436 /* We must account for everything. */
438 /* Destroy the main CV and syntax tree */
440 /* ensure comppad/curpad to refer to main's pad */
441 if (CvPADLIST(PL_main_cv)) {
442 PAD_SET_CUR_NOSAVE(CvPADLIST(PL_main_cv), 1);
444 op_free(PL_main_root);
445 PL_main_root = Nullop;
447 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
448 PL_main_start = Nullop;
449 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_main_cv);
453 /* Tell PerlIO we are about to tear things apart in case
454 we have layers which are using resources that should
458 PerlIO_destruct(aTHX);
460 if (PL_sv_objcount) {
462 * Try to destruct global references. We do this first so that the
463 * destructors and destructees still exist. Some sv's might remain.
464 * Non-referenced objects are on their own.
470 /* unhook hooks which will soon be, or use, destroyed data */
471 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_warnhook);
472 PL_warnhook = Nullsv;
473 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_diehook);
476 /* call exit list functions */
477 while (PL_exitlistlen-- > 0)
478 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].fn(aTHX_ PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].ptr);
480 Safefree(PL_exitlist);
485 if (destruct_level == 0){
487 DEBUG_P(debprofdump());
489 #if defined(PERLIO_LAYERS)
490 /* No more IO - including error messages ! */
491 PerlIO_cleanup(aTHX);
494 /* The exit() function will do everything that needs doing. */
495 return STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
498 /* jettison our possibly duplicated environment */
499 /* if PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV is defined environ will not have been copied
500 * so we certainly shouldn't free it here
503 #if defined(USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY) && !defined(PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV)
504 if (environ != PL_origenviron && !PL_use_safe_putenv
506 /* only main thread can free environ[0] contents */
507 && PL_curinterp == aTHX
513 for (i = 0; environ[i]; i++)
514 safesysfree(environ[i]);
516 /* Must use safesysfree() when working with environ. */
517 safesysfree(environ);
519 environ = PL_origenviron;
522 #endif /* !PERL_MICRO */
524 /* reset so print() ends up where we expect */
528 /* the syntax tree is shared between clones
529 * so op_free(PL_main_root) only ReREFCNT_dec's
530 * REGEXPs in the parent interpreter
531 * we need to manually ReREFCNT_dec for the clones
534 I32 i = AvFILLp(PL_regex_padav) + 1;
535 SV **ary = AvARRAY(PL_regex_padav);
540 if (SvFLAGS(resv) & SVf_BREAK) {
541 /* this is PL_reg_curpm, already freed
542 * flag is set in regexec.c:S_regtry
544 SvFLAGS(resv) &= ~SVf_BREAK;
546 else if(SvREPADTMP(resv)) {
547 SvREPADTMP_off(resv);
549 else if(SvIOKp(resv)) {
550 REGEXP *re = INT2PTR(REGEXP *,SvIVX(resv));
555 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_regex_padav);
556 PL_regex_padav = Nullav;
560 SvREFCNT_dec((SV*) PL_stashcache);
561 PL_stashcache = NULL;
563 /* loosen bonds of global variables */
566 (void)PerlIO_close(PL_rsfp);
570 /* Filters for program text */
571 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rsfp_filters);
572 PL_rsfp_filters = Nullav;
575 PL_preprocess = FALSE;
581 PL_doswitches = FALSE;
582 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_OFF;
583 PL_doextract = FALSE;
584 PL_sawampersand = FALSE; /* must save all match strings */
587 Safefree(PL_inplace);
589 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_patchlevel);
592 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
593 PL_e_script = Nullsv;
598 /* magical thingies */
600 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ofs_sv); /* $, */
603 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ors_sv); /* $\ */
606 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rs); /* $/ */
609 PL_multiline = 0; /* $* */
610 Safefree(PL_osname); /* $^O */
613 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_statname);
614 PL_statname = Nullsv;
617 /* defgv, aka *_ should be taken care of elsewhere */
619 /* clean up after study() */
620 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_lastscream);
621 PL_lastscream = Nullsv;
622 Safefree(PL_screamfirst);
624 Safefree(PL_screamnext);
628 Safefree(PL_efloatbuf);
629 PL_efloatbuf = Nullch;
632 /* startup and shutdown function lists */
633 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_beginav);
634 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_beginav_save);
635 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_endav);
636 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_checkav);
637 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_checkav_save);
638 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_initav);
640 PL_beginav_save = Nullav;
643 PL_checkav_save = Nullav;
646 /* shortcuts just get cleared */
652 PL_argvoutgv = Nullgv;
654 PL_stderrgv = Nullgv;
655 PL_last_in_gv = Nullgv;
660 PL_DBsingle = Nullsv;
662 PL_DBsignal = Nullsv;
663 PL_DBassertion = Nullsv;
666 PL_debstash = Nullhv;
668 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_argvout_stack);
669 PL_argvout_stack = Nullav;
671 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_modglobal);
672 PL_modglobal = Nullhv;
673 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_preambleav);
674 PL_preambleav = Nullav;
675 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_subname);
677 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_linestr);
679 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_pidstatus);
680 PL_pidstatus = Nullhv;
681 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_toptarget);
682 PL_toptarget = Nullsv;
683 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_bodytarget);
684 PL_bodytarget = Nullsv;
685 PL_formtarget = Nullsv;
687 /* free locale stuff */
688 #ifdef USE_LOCALE_COLLATE
689 Safefree(PL_collation_name);
690 PL_collation_name = Nullch;
693 #ifdef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC
694 Safefree(PL_numeric_name);
695 PL_numeric_name = Nullch;
696 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_numeric_radix_sv);
697 PL_numeric_radix_sv = Nullsv;
700 /* clear utf8 character classes */
701 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alnum);
702 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alnumc);
703 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_ascii);
704 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alpha);
705 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_space);
706 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_cntrl);
707 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_graph);
708 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_digit);
709 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_upper);
710 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_lower);
711 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_print);
712 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_punct);
713 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_xdigit);
714 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_mark);
715 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_toupper);
716 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_totitle);
717 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_tolower);
718 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_tofold);
719 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_idstart);
720 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_idcont);
721 PL_utf8_alnum = Nullsv;
722 PL_utf8_alnumc = Nullsv;
723 PL_utf8_ascii = Nullsv;
724 PL_utf8_alpha = Nullsv;
725 PL_utf8_space = Nullsv;
726 PL_utf8_cntrl = Nullsv;
727 PL_utf8_graph = Nullsv;
728 PL_utf8_digit = Nullsv;
729 PL_utf8_upper = Nullsv;
730 PL_utf8_lower = Nullsv;
731 PL_utf8_print = Nullsv;
732 PL_utf8_punct = Nullsv;
733 PL_utf8_xdigit = Nullsv;
734 PL_utf8_mark = Nullsv;
735 PL_utf8_toupper = Nullsv;
736 PL_utf8_totitle = Nullsv;
737 PL_utf8_tolower = Nullsv;
738 PL_utf8_tofold = Nullsv;
739 PL_utf8_idstart = Nullsv;
740 PL_utf8_idcont = Nullsv;
742 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
743 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
744 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = Nullsv;
745 if (!specialCopIO(PL_compiling.cop_io))
746 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_io);
747 PL_compiling.cop_io = Nullsv;
748 CopFILE_free(&PL_compiling);
749 CopSTASH_free(&PL_compiling);
751 /* Prepare to destruct main symbol table. */
756 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_curstname);
757 PL_curstname = Nullsv;
759 /* clear queued errors */
760 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_errors);
764 if (destruct_level >= 2 && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL)) {
765 if (PL_scopestack_ix != 0)
766 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
767 "Unbalanced scopes: %ld more ENTERs than LEAVEs\n",
768 (long)PL_scopestack_ix);
769 if (PL_savestack_ix != 0)
770 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
771 "Unbalanced saves: %ld more saves than restores\n",
772 (long)PL_savestack_ix);
773 if (PL_tmps_floor != -1)
774 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Unbalanced tmps: %ld more allocs than frees\n",
775 (long)PL_tmps_floor + 1);
776 if (cxstack_ix != -1)
777 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Unbalanced context: %ld more PUSHes than POPs\n",
778 (long)cxstack_ix + 1);
781 /* Now absolutely destruct everything, somehow or other, loops or no. */
782 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) |= SVTYPEMASK; /* don't clean out pid table now */
783 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) |= SVTYPEMASK; /* don't clean out strtab now */
785 /* the 2 is for PL_fdpid and PL_strtab */
786 while (PL_sv_count > 2 && sv_clean_all())
789 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) &= ~SVTYPEMASK;
790 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) |= SVt_PVAV;
791 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) &= ~SVTYPEMASK;
792 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) |= SVt_PVHV;
794 AvREAL_off(PL_fdpid); /* no surviving entries */
795 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_fdpid); /* needed in io_close() */
798 #ifdef HAVE_INTERP_INTERN
802 /* Destruct the global string table. */
804 /* Yell and reset the HeVAL() slots that are still holding refcounts,
805 * so that sv_free() won't fail on them.
813 max = HvMAX(PL_strtab);
814 array = HvARRAY(PL_strtab);
817 if (hent && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL)) {
818 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
819 "Unbalanced string table refcount: (%d) for \"%s\"",
820 HeVAL(hent) - Nullsv, HeKEY(hent));
821 HeVAL(hent) = Nullsv;
831 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_strtab);
834 /* free the pointer tables used for cloning */
835 ptr_table_free(PL_ptr_table);
836 PL_ptr_table = (PTR_TBL_t*)NULL;
839 /* free special SVs */
841 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_yes) = 0;
842 sv_clear(&PL_sv_yes);
843 SvANY(&PL_sv_yes) = NULL;
844 SvFLAGS(&PL_sv_yes) = 0;
846 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_no) = 0;
848 SvANY(&PL_sv_no) = NULL;
849 SvFLAGS(&PL_sv_no) = 0;
853 for (i=0; i<=2; i++) {
854 SvREFCNT(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = 0;
855 sv_clear(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i));
856 SvANY(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = NULL;
857 SvFLAGS(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = 0;
861 if (PL_sv_count != 0 && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
862 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Scalars leaked: %ld\n", (long)PL_sv_count);
864 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS
865 if (PL_sv_count != 0) {
870 for (sva = PL_sv_arenaroot; sva; sva = (SV*)SvANY(sva)) {
871 svend = &sva[SvREFCNT(sva)];
872 for (sv = sva + 1; sv < svend; ++sv) {
873 if (SvTYPE(sv) != SVTYPEMASK) {
874 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "leaked: sv=0x%p"
876 " refcnt=%"UVuf pTHX__FORMAT "\n"
877 "\tallocated at %s:%d %s %s%s\n",
878 sv, sv->sv_flags, sv->sv_refcnt pTHX__VALUE,
879 sv->sv_debug_file ? sv->sv_debug_file : "(unknown)",
881 sv->sv_debug_inpad ? "for" : "by",
882 sv->sv_debug_optype ?
883 PL_op_name[sv->sv_debug_optype]: "(none)",
884 sv->sv_debug_cloned ? " (cloned)" : ""
894 #if defined(PERLIO_LAYERS)
895 /* No more IO - including error messages ! */
896 PerlIO_cleanup(aTHX);
899 /* sv_undef needs to stay immortal until after PerlIO_cleanup
900 as currently layers use it rather than Nullsv as a marker
901 for no arg - and will try and SvREFCNT_dec it.
903 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_undef) = 0;
904 SvREADONLY_off(&PL_sv_undef);
906 Safefree(PL_origfilename);
907 PL_origfilename = Nullch;
908 Safefree(PL_reg_start_tmp);
909 PL_reg_start_tmp = (char**)NULL;
910 PL_reg_start_tmpl = 0;
912 Safefree(PL_reg_curpm);
913 Safefree(PL_reg_poscache);
915 Safefree(PL_op_mask);
916 Safefree(PL_psig_ptr);
917 PL_psig_ptr = (SV**)NULL;
918 Safefree(PL_psig_name);
919 PL_psig_name = (SV**)NULL;
920 Safefree(PL_bitcount);
921 PL_bitcount = Nullch;
922 Safefree(PL_psig_pend);
923 PL_psig_pend = (int*)NULL;
924 PL_formfeed = Nullsv;
927 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
928 PL_hints = 0; /* Reset hints. Should hints be per-interpreter ? */
931 DEBUG_P(debprofdump());
933 #ifdef USE_REENTRANT_API
934 Perl_reentrant_free(aTHX);
939 /* As the absolutely last thing, free the non-arena SV for mess() */
942 /* we know that type == SVt_PVMG */
944 /* it could have accumulated taint magic */
947 for (mg = SvMAGIC(PL_mess_sv); mg; mg = moremagic) {
948 moremagic = mg->mg_moremagic;
949 if (mg->mg_ptr && mg->mg_type != PERL_MAGIC_regex_global
951 Safefree(mg->mg_ptr);
955 /* we know that type >= SVt_PV */
956 SvPV_free(PL_mess_sv);
957 Safefree(SvANY(PL_mess_sv));
958 Safefree(PL_mess_sv);
961 return STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
965 =for apidoc perl_free
967 Releases a Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
975 #if defined(WIN32) || defined(NETWARE)
976 # if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS)
978 void *host = nw_internal_host;
980 void *host = w32_internal_host;
984 nw_delete_internal_host(host);
986 win32_delete_internal_host(host);
996 #if defined(USE_5005THREADS) || defined(USE_ITHREADS)
997 /* provide destructors to clean up the thread key when libperl is unloaded */
998 #ifndef WIN32 /* handled during DLL_PROCESS_DETACH in win32/perllib.c */
1000 #if defined(__hpux) && __ux_version > 1020 && !defined(__GNUC__)
1001 #pragma fini "perl_fini"
1005 #if defined(__GNUC__)
1006 __attribute__((destructor))
1016 #endif /* THREADS */
1019 Perl_call_atexit(pTHX_ ATEXIT_t fn, void *ptr)
1021 Renew(PL_exitlist, PL_exitlistlen+1, PerlExitListEntry);
1022 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].fn = fn;
1023 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].ptr = ptr;
1027 #ifdef HAS_PROCSELFEXE
1028 /* This is a function so that we don't hold on to MAXPATHLEN
1029 bytes of stack longer than necessary
1032 S_procself_val(pTHX_ SV *sv, const char *arg0)
1034 char buf[MAXPATHLEN];
1035 int len = readlink(PROCSELFEXE_PATH, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);
1037 /* On Playstation2 Linux V1.0 (kernel 2.2.1) readlink(/proc/self/exe)
1038 includes a spurious NUL which will cause $^X to fail in system
1039 or backticks (this will prevent extensions from being built and
1040 many tests from working). readlink is not meant to add a NUL.
1041 Normal readlink works fine.
1043 if (len > 0 && buf[len-1] == '\0') {
1047 /* FreeBSD's implementation is acknowledged to be imperfect, sometimes
1048 returning the text "unknown" from the readlink rather than the path
1049 to the executable (or returning an error from the readlink). Any valid
1050 path has a '/' in it somewhere, so use that to validate the result.
1051 See http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/query-pr.cgi?pr=35703
1053 if (len > 0 && memchr(buf, '/', len)) {
1054 sv_setpvn(sv,buf,len);
1060 #endif /* HAS_PROCSELFEXE */
1063 S_set_caret_X(pTHX) {
1064 GV* tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("\030",TRUE, SVt_PV); /* $^X */
1066 #ifdef HAS_PROCSELFEXE
1067 S_procself_val(aTHX_ GvSV(tmpgv), PL_origargv[0]);
1070 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv), os2_execname(aTHX));
1072 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv),PL_origargv[0]);
1079 =for apidoc perl_parse
1081 Tells a Perl interpreter to parse a Perl script. See L<perlembed>.
1087 perl_parse(pTHXx_ XSINIT_t xsinit, int argc, char **argv, char **env)
1094 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
1097 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "suidperl is no longer needed since the kernel can now execute\n\
1098 setuid perl scripts securely.\n");
1099 #endif /* IAMSUID */
1102 #if defined(USE_HASH_SEED) || defined(USE_HASH_SEED_EXPLICIT)
1103 /* [perl #22371] Algorimic Complexity Attack on Perl 5.6.1, 5.8.0
1104 * This MUST be done before any hash stores or fetches take place.
1105 * If you set PL_rehash_seed (and assumedly also PL_rehash_seed_set)
1106 * yourself, it is your responsibility to provide a good random seed!
1107 * You can also define PERL_HASH_SEED in compile time, see hv.h. */
1108 if (!PL_rehash_seed_set)
1109 PL_rehash_seed = get_hash_seed();
1111 char *s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_HASH_SEED_DEBUG");
1117 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "HASH_SEED = %"UVuf"\n",
1121 #endif /* #if defined(USE_HASH_SEED) || defined(USE_HASH_SEED_EXPLICIT) */
1127 /* Set PL_origalen be the sum of the contiguous argv[]
1128 * elements plus the size of the env in case that it is
1129 * contiguous with the argv[]. This is used in mg.c:Perl_magic_set()
1130 * as the maximum modifiable length of $0. In the worst case
1131 * the area we are able to modify is limited to the size of
1132 * the original argv[0]. (See below for 'contiguous', though.)
1134 const char *s = NULL;
1137 ~(UV)(PTRSIZE == 4 ? 3 : PTRSIZE == 8 ? 7 : PTRSIZE == 16 ? 15 : 0);
1138 /* Do the mask check only if the args seem like aligned. */
1140 (mask < ~(UV)0) && ((PTR2UV(argv[0]) & mask) == PTR2UV(argv[0]));
1142 /* See if all the arguments are contiguous in memory. Note
1143 * that 'contiguous' is a loose term because some platforms
1144 * align the argv[] and the envp[]. If the arguments look
1145 * like non-aligned, assume that they are 'strictly' or
1146 * 'traditionally' contiguous. If the arguments look like
1147 * aligned, we just check that they are within aligned
1148 * PTRSIZE bytes. As long as no system has something bizarre
1149 * like the argv[] interleaved with some other data, we are
1150 * fine. (Did I just evoke Murphy's Law?) --jhi */
1151 if (PL_origargv && PL_origargc >= 1 && (s = PL_origargv[0])) {
1153 for (i = 1; i < PL_origargc; i++) {
1154 if ((PL_origargv[i] == s + 1
1156 || PL_origargv[i] == s + 2
1161 (PL_origargv[i] > s &&
1163 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1173 /* Can we grab env area too to be used as the area for $0? */
1174 if (PL_origenviron) {
1175 if ((PL_origenviron[0] == s + 1
1177 || (PL_origenviron[0] == s + 9 && (s += 8))
1182 (PL_origenviron[0] > s &&
1183 PL_origenviron[0] <=
1184 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1188 s = PL_origenviron[0];
1191 my_setenv("NoNe SuCh", Nullch);
1192 /* Force copy of environment. */
1193 for (i = 1; PL_origenviron[i]; i++) {
1194 if (PL_origenviron[i] == s + 1
1197 (PL_origenviron[i] > s &&
1198 PL_origenviron[i] <=
1199 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1202 s = PL_origenviron[i];
1210 PL_origalen = s - PL_origargv[0] + 1;
1215 /* Come here if running an undumped a.out. */
1217 PL_origfilename = savepv(argv[0]);
1218 PL_do_undump = FALSE;
1219 cxstack_ix = -1; /* start label stack again */
1221 assert (!PL_tainted);
1223 S_set_caret_X(aTHX);
1225 init_postdump_symbols(argc,argv,env);
1230 op_free(PL_main_root);
1231 PL_main_root = Nullop;
1233 PL_main_start = Nullop;
1234 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_main_cv);
1235 PL_main_cv = Nullcv;
1238 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
1239 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_OFF;
1244 parse_body(env,xsinit);
1246 call_list(oldscope, PL_checkav);
1253 /* my_exit() was called */
1254 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
1257 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
1259 call_list(oldscope, PL_checkav);
1260 ret = STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
1263 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: top_env\n");
1272 S_parse_body(pTHX_ char **env, XSINIT_t xsinit)
1275 int argc = PL_origargc;
1276 char **argv = PL_origargv;
1277 const char *scriptname = NULL;
1278 VOL bool dosearch = FALSE;
1279 const char *validarg = "";
1282 const char *cddir = Nullch;
1283 #ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
1284 bool minus_f = FALSE;
1289 sv_setpvn(PL_linestr,"",0);
1290 sv = newSVpvn("",0); /* first used for -I flags */
1294 for (argc--,argv++; argc > 0; argc--,argv++) {
1295 if (argv[0][0] != '-' || !argv[0][1])
1299 validarg = " PHOOEY ";
1303 * Can we rely on the kernel to start scripts with argv[1] set to
1304 * contain all #! line switches (the whole line)? (argv[0] is set to
1305 * the interpreter name, argv[2] to the script name; argv[3] and
1306 * above may contain other arguments.)
1313 #ifndef PERL_STRICT_CR
1338 if ((s = moreswitches(s)))
1343 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('t');
1344 if( !PL_tainting ) {
1345 PL_taint_warn = TRUE;
1351 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('T');
1353 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
1358 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1359 /* ignore -e for Dev:Pseudo argument */
1360 if (argv[1] && !strcmp(argv[1], "Dev:Pseudo"))
1365 PL_e_script = newSVpvn("",0);
1366 filter_add(read_e_script, NULL);
1369 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, s);
1371 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, argv[1]);
1375 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No code specified for -e");
1376 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, "\n");
1380 #ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
1386 case 'I': /* -I handled both here and in moreswitches() */
1388 if (!*++s && (s=argv[1]) != Nullch) {
1393 STRLEN len = strlen(s);
1394 p = savepvn(s, len);
1395 incpush(p, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE, FALSE);
1396 sv_catpvn(sv, "-I", 2);
1397 sv_catpvn(sv, p, len);
1398 sv_catpvn(sv, " ", 1);
1402 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No directory specified for -I");
1406 PL_preprocess = TRUE;
1416 PL_preambleav = newAV();
1417 av_push(PL_preambleav, newSVpv("use Config qw(myconfig config_vars)",0));
1421 PL_Sv = newSVpv("print myconfig();",0);
1423 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"print \"\\nCharacteristics of this PERLSHR image: \\n\",");
1425 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"print \"\\nCharacteristics of this binary (from libperl): \\n\",");
1427 opts = SvCUR(PL_Sv);
1429 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"\" Compile-time options:");
1431 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," DEBUGGING");
1433 # ifdef MULTIPLICITY
1434 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," MULTIPLICITY");
1436 # ifdef USE_5005THREADS
1437 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_5005THREADS");
1439 # ifdef USE_ITHREADS
1440 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_ITHREADS");
1442 # ifdef USE_64_BIT_INT
1443 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_64_BIT_INT");
1445 # ifdef USE_64_BIT_ALL
1446 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_64_BIT_ALL");
1448 # ifdef USE_LONG_DOUBLE
1449 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_LONG_DOUBLE");
1451 # ifdef USE_LARGE_FILES
1452 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_LARGE_FILES");
1455 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_SOCKS");
1457 # ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
1458 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_SITECUSTOMIZE");
1460 # ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
1461 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT");
1463 # ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
1464 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS");
1467 while (SvCUR(PL_Sv) > opts+76) {
1468 /* find last space after "options: " and before col 76 */
1471 char *pv = SvPV_nolen(PL_Sv);
1472 const char c = pv[opts+76];
1474 space = strrchr(pv+opts+26, ' ');
1476 if (!space) break; /* "Can't happen" */
1478 /* break the line before that space */
1481 sv_insert(PL_Sv, opts, 0,
1485 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"\\n\",");
1487 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
1488 if (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT > 0) {
1490 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"\" Locally applied patches:\\n\",");
1491 for (i = 1; i <= LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT; i++) {
1492 if (PL_localpatches[i])
1493 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ PL_Sv,"q%c\t%s\n%c,",
1494 0, PL_localpatches[i], 0);
1498 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ PL_Sv,"\" Built under %s\\n\"",OSNAME);
1501 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ PL_Sv,",\" Compiled at %s %s\\n\"",__DATE__,__TIME__);
1503 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ PL_Sv,",\" Compiled on %s\\n\"",__DATE__);
1506 sv_catpv(PL_Sv, "; \
1508 @env = map { \"$_=\\\"$ENV{$_}\\\"\" } sort grep {/^PERL/} keys %ENV; ");
1511 push @env, \"CYGWIN=\\\"$ENV{CYGWIN}\\\"\";");
1514 print \" \\%ENV:\\n @env\\n\" if @env; \
1515 print \" \\@INC:\\n @INC\\n\";");
1518 PL_Sv = newSVpv("config_vars(qw(",0);
1519 sv_catpv(PL_Sv, ++s);
1520 sv_catpv(PL_Sv, "))");
1523 av_push(PL_preambleav, PL_Sv);
1524 scriptname = BIT_BUCKET; /* don't look for script or read stdin */
1527 PL_doextract = TRUE;
1535 if (!*++s || isSPACE(*s)) {
1539 /* catch use of gnu style long options */
1540 if (strEQ(s, "version")) {
1544 if (strEQ(s, "help")) {
1551 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Unrecognized switch: -%s (-h will show valid options)",s);
1557 #ifndef SECURE_INTERNAL_GETENV
1560 (s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL5OPT")))
1562 const char *popt = s;
1565 if (*s == '-' && *(s+1) == 'T') {
1566 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('T');
1568 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
1571 char *popt_copy = Nullch;
1584 if (!strchr("DIMUdmtwA", *s))
1585 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Illegal switch in PERL5OPT: -%c", *s);
1589 popt_copy = SvPVX(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(popt,0)));
1590 s = popt_copy + (s - popt);
1591 d = popt_copy + (d - popt);
1598 if( !PL_tainting ) {
1599 PL_taint_warn = TRUE;
1609 #ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
1612 PL_preambleav = newAV();
1613 av_unshift(PL_preambleav, 1);
1614 (void)av_store(PL_preambleav, 0, Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "BEGIN { do '%s/sitecustomize.pl' }", SITELIB_EXP));
1618 if (PL_taint_warn && PL_dowarn != G_WARN_ALL_OFF) {
1619 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = newSVpvn(WARN_TAINTstring, WARNsize);
1623 scriptname = argv[0];
1626 scriptname = BIT_BUCKET; /* don't look for script or read stdin */
1628 else if (scriptname == Nullch) {
1630 if ( PerlLIO_isatty(PerlIO_fileno(PerlIO_stdin())) )
1636 /* Set $^X early so that it can be used for relocatable paths in @INC */
1637 assert (!PL_tainted);
1639 S_set_caret_X(aTHX);
1643 open_script(scriptname,dosearch,sv);
1645 validate_suid(validarg, scriptname);
1648 #if defined(SIGCHLD) || defined(SIGCLD)
1651 # define SIGCHLD SIGCLD
1653 Sighandler_t sigstate = rsignal_state(SIGCHLD);
1654 if (sigstate == SIG_IGN) {
1655 if (ckWARN(WARN_SIGNAL))
1656 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_SIGNAL),
1657 "Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default");
1658 (void)rsignal(SIGCHLD, (Sighandler_t)SIG_DFL);
1664 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1665 if (PL_doextract || gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
1670 if (cddir && PerlDir_chdir( (char *)cddir ) < 0)
1671 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't chdir to %s",cddir);
1675 PL_main_cv = PL_compcv = (CV*)NEWSV(1104,0);
1676 sv_upgrade((SV *)PL_compcv, SVt_PVCV);
1677 CvUNIQUE_on(PL_compcv);
1679 CvPADLIST(PL_compcv) = pad_new(0);
1680 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
1681 CvOWNER(PL_compcv) = 0;
1682 New(666, CvMUTEXP(PL_compcv), 1, perl_mutex);
1683 MUTEX_INIT(CvMUTEXP(PL_compcv));
1684 #endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
1687 boot_core_UNIVERSAL();
1688 boot_core_xsutils();
1691 (*xsinit)(aTHX); /* in case linked C routines want magical variables */
1693 #if defined(VMS) || defined(WIN32) || defined(DJGPP) || defined(__CYGWIN__) || defined(EPOC)
1699 # ifdef HAS_SOCKS5_INIT
1700 socks5_init(argv[0]);
1706 init_predump_symbols();
1707 /* init_postdump_symbols not currently designed to be called */
1708 /* more than once (ENV isn't cleared first, for example) */
1709 /* But running with -u leaves %ENV & @ARGV undefined! XXX */
1711 init_postdump_symbols(argc,argv,env);
1713 /* PL_unicode is turned on by -C, or by $ENV{PERL_UNICODE},
1714 * or explicitly in some platforms.
1715 * locale.c:Perl_init_i18nl10n() if the environment
1716 * look like the user wants to use UTF-8. */
1717 #if defined(SYMBIAN)
1718 PL_unicode = PERL_UNICODE_STD_FLAG; /* See PERL_SYMBIAN_CONSOLE_UTF8. */
1721 /* Requires init_predump_symbols(). */
1722 if (!(PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_LOCALE_FLAG) || PL_utf8locale) {
1727 /* Turn on UTF-8-ness on STDIN, STDOUT, STDERR
1728 * and the default open disciplines. */
1729 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDIN_FLAG) &&
1730 PL_stdingv && (io = GvIO(PL_stdingv)) &&
1732 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
1733 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDOUT_FLAG) &&
1734 PL_defoutgv && (io = GvIO(PL_defoutgv)) &&
1736 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
1737 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDERR_FLAG) &&
1738 PL_stderrgv && (io = GvIO(PL_stderrgv)) &&
1740 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
1741 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_INOUT_FLAG) &&
1742 (sv = GvSV(gv_fetchpv("\017PEN", TRUE, SVt_PV)))) {
1743 U32 in = PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_IN_FLAG;
1744 U32 out = PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_OUT_FLAG;
1747 sv_setpvn(sv, ":utf8\0:utf8", 11);
1749 sv_setpvn(sv, ":utf8\0", 6);
1752 sv_setpvn(sv, "\0:utf8", 6);
1758 if ((s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_SIGNALS"))) {
1759 if (strEQ(s, "unsafe"))
1760 PL_signals |= PERL_SIGNALS_UNSAFE_FLAG;
1761 else if (strEQ(s, "safe"))
1762 PL_signals &= ~PERL_SIGNALS_UNSAFE_FLAG;
1764 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "PERL_SIGNALS illegal: \"%s\"", s);
1769 /* now parse the script */
1771 SETERRNO(0,SS_NORMAL);
1773 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1774 if (gMacPerl_SyntaxError = (yyparse() || PL_error_count)) {
1776 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s had compilation errors.\n", MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
1778 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Execution of %s aborted due to compilation errors.\n",
1779 MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
1783 if (yyparse() || PL_error_count) {
1785 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s had compilation errors.\n", PL_origfilename);
1787 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Execution of %s aborted due to compilation errors.\n",
1792 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, 0);
1793 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
1794 PL_preprocess = FALSE;
1796 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
1797 PL_e_script = Nullsv;
1804 SAVECOPFILE(PL_curcop);
1805 SAVECOPLINE(PL_curcop);
1806 gv_check(PL_defstash);
1813 if ((s=PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS")) && atoi(s) >= 2)
1814 dump_mstats("after compilation:");
1823 =for apidoc perl_run
1825 Tells a Perl interpreter to run. See L<perlembed>.
1837 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
1845 cxstack_ix = -1; /* start context stack again */
1847 case 0: /* normal completion */
1851 case 2: /* my_exit() */
1852 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
1855 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
1856 if (!(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_DESTRUCT_END) &&
1857 PL_endav && !PL_minus_c)
1858 call_list(oldscope, PL_endav);
1860 if (PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS"))
1861 dump_mstats("after execution: ");
1863 ret = STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
1867 POPSTACK_TO(PL_mainstack);
1870 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: restartop\n");
1882 S_run_body(pTHX_ I32 oldscope)
1884 DEBUG_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "%s $` $& $' support.\n",
1885 PL_sawampersand ? "Enabling" : "Omitting"));
1887 if (!PL_restartop) {
1888 DEBUG_x(dump_all());
1890 PERL_DEBUG(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "\nEXECUTING...\n\n"));
1891 DEBUG_S(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "main thread is 0x%"UVxf"\n",
1895 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1896 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "%s%s syntax OK\n",
1897 (gMacPerl_ErrorFormat ? "# " : ""),
1898 MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
1900 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "%s syntax OK\n", PL_origfilename);
1904 if (PERLDB_SINGLE && PL_DBsingle)
1905 sv_setiv(PL_DBsingle, 1);
1907 call_list(oldscope, PL_initav);
1913 PL_op = PL_restartop;
1917 else if (PL_main_start) {
1918 CvDEPTH(PL_main_cv) = 1;
1919 PL_op = PL_main_start;
1927 =head1 SV Manipulation Functions
1929 =for apidoc p||get_sv
1931 Returns the SV of the specified Perl scalar. If C<create> is set and the
1932 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
1933 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
1939 Perl_get_sv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
1942 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
1943 if (name[1] == '\0' && !isALPHA(name[0])) {
1944 PADOFFSET tmp = find_threadsv(name);
1945 if (tmp != NOT_IN_PAD)
1946 return THREADSV(tmp);
1948 #endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
1949 gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PV);
1956 =head1 Array Manipulation Functions
1958 =for apidoc p||get_av
1960 Returns the AV of the specified Perl array. If C<create> is set and the
1961 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
1962 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
1968 Perl_get_av(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
1970 GV* gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVAV);
1979 =head1 Hash Manipulation Functions
1981 =for apidoc p||get_hv
1983 Returns the HV of the specified Perl hash. If C<create> is set and the
1984 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
1985 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
1991 Perl_get_hv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
1993 GV* gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVHV);
2002 =head1 CV Manipulation Functions
2004 =for apidoc p||get_cv
2006 Returns the CV of the specified Perl subroutine. If C<create> is set and
2007 the Perl subroutine does not exist then it will be declared (which has the
2008 same effect as saying C<sub name;>). If C<create> is not set and the
2009 subroutine does not exist then NULL is returned.
2015 Perl_get_cv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
2017 GV* gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVCV);
2018 /* XXX unsafe for threads if eval_owner isn't held */
2019 /* XXX this is probably not what they think they're getting.
2020 * It has the same effect as "sub name;", i.e. just a forward
2022 if (create && !GvCVu(gv))
2023 return newSUB(start_subparse(FALSE, 0),
2024 newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSVpv(name,0)),
2032 /* Be sure to refetch the stack pointer after calling these routines. */
2036 =head1 Callback Functions
2038 =for apidoc p||call_argv
2040 Performs a callback to the specified Perl sub. See L<perlcall>.
2046 Perl_call_argv(pTHX_ const char *sub_name, I32 flags, register char **argv)
2048 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2049 /* null terminated arg list */
2056 XPUSHs(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(*argv,0)));
2061 return call_pv(sub_name, flags);
2065 =for apidoc p||call_pv
2067 Performs a callback to the specified Perl sub. See L<perlcall>.
2073 Perl_call_pv(pTHX_ const char *sub_name, I32 flags)
2074 /* name of the subroutine */
2075 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2077 return call_sv((SV*)get_cv(sub_name, TRUE), flags);
2081 =for apidoc p||call_method
2083 Performs a callback to the specified Perl method. The blessed object must
2084 be on the stack. See L<perlcall>.
2090 Perl_call_method(pTHX_ const char *methname, I32 flags)
2091 /* name of the subroutine */
2092 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2094 return call_sv(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(methname,0)), flags | G_METHOD);
2097 /* May be called with any of a CV, a GV, or an SV containing the name. */
2099 =for apidoc p||call_sv
2101 Performs a callback to the Perl sub whose name is in the SV. See
2108 Perl_call_sv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
2109 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2112 LOGOP myop; /* fake syntax tree node */
2115 volatile I32 retval = 0;
2117 bool oldcatch = CATCH_GET;
2122 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2127 Zero(&myop, 1, LOGOP);
2128 myop.op_next = Nullop;
2129 if (!(flags & G_NOARGS))
2130 myop.op_flags |= OPf_STACKED;
2131 myop.op_flags |= ((flags & G_VOID) ? OPf_WANT_VOID :
2132 (flags & G_ARRAY) ? OPf_WANT_LIST :
2137 EXTEND(PL_stack_sp, 1);
2138 *++PL_stack_sp = sv;
2140 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
2142 if (PERLDB_SUB && PL_curstash != PL_debstash
2143 /* Handle first BEGIN of -d. */
2144 && (PL_DBcv || (PL_DBcv = GvCV(PL_DBsub)))
2145 /* Try harder, since this may have been a sighandler, thus
2146 * curstash may be meaningless. */
2147 && (SvTYPE(sv) != SVt_PVCV || CvSTASH((CV*)sv) != PL_debstash)
2148 && !(flags & G_NODEBUG))
2149 PL_op->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_DB;
2151 if (flags & G_METHOD) {
2152 Zero(&method_op, 1, UNOP);
2153 method_op.op_next = PL_op;
2154 method_op.op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_METHOD];
2155 myop.op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_ENTERSUB];
2156 PL_op = (OP*)&method_op;
2159 if (!(flags & G_EVAL)) {
2161 call_body((OP*)&myop, FALSE);
2162 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2163 CATCH_SET(oldcatch);
2166 myop.op_other = (OP*)&myop;
2168 /* we're trying to emulate pp_entertry() here */
2170 register PERL_CONTEXT *cx;
2171 const I32 gimme = GIMME_V;
2176 PUSHBLOCK(cx, (CXt_EVAL|CXp_TRYBLOCK), PL_stack_sp);
2178 PL_eval_root = PL_op; /* Only needed so that goto works right. */
2180 PL_in_eval = EVAL_INEVAL;
2181 if (flags & G_KEEPERR)
2182 PL_in_eval |= EVAL_KEEPERR;
2184 sv_setpvn(ERRSV,"",0);
2192 call_body((OP*)&myop, FALSE);
2193 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2194 if (!(flags & G_KEEPERR))
2195 sv_setpvn(ERRSV,"",0);
2201 /* my_exit() was called */
2202 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2205 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED))
2206 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Callback called exit");
2211 PL_op = PL_restartop;
2215 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2216 if (flags & G_ARRAY)
2220 *++PL_stack_sp = &PL_sv_undef;
2225 if (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope) {
2229 register PERL_CONTEXT *cx;
2240 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2241 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2251 S_call_body(pTHX_ const OP *myop, bool is_eval)
2253 if (PL_op == myop) {
2255 PL_op = Perl_pp_entereval(aTHX); /* this doesn't do a POPMARK */
2257 PL_op = Perl_pp_entersub(aTHX); /* this does */
2263 /* Eval a string. The G_EVAL flag is always assumed. */
2266 =for apidoc p||eval_sv
2268 Tells Perl to C<eval> the string in the SV.
2274 Perl_eval_sv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
2276 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2279 UNOP myop; /* fake syntax tree node */
2280 volatile I32 oldmark = SP - PL_stack_base;
2281 volatile I32 retval = 0;
2286 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2293 Zero(PL_op, 1, UNOP);
2294 EXTEND(PL_stack_sp, 1);
2295 *++PL_stack_sp = sv;
2297 if (!(flags & G_NOARGS))
2298 myop.op_flags = OPf_STACKED;
2299 myop.op_next = Nullop;
2300 myop.op_type = OP_ENTEREVAL;
2301 myop.op_flags |= ((flags & G_VOID) ? OPf_WANT_VOID :
2302 (flags & G_ARRAY) ? OPf_WANT_LIST :
2304 if (flags & G_KEEPERR)
2305 myop.op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL;
2307 /* fail now; otherwise we could fail after the JMPENV_PUSH but
2308 * before a PUSHEVAL, which corrupts the stack after a croak */
2309 TAINT_PROPER("eval_sv()");
2315 call_body((OP*)&myop,TRUE);
2316 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2317 if (!(flags & G_KEEPERR))
2318 sv_setpvn(ERRSV,"",0);
2324 /* my_exit() was called */
2325 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2328 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED))
2329 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Callback called exit");
2334 PL_op = PL_restartop;
2338 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2339 if (flags & G_ARRAY)
2343 *++PL_stack_sp = &PL_sv_undef;
2349 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2350 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2360 =for apidoc p||eval_pv
2362 Tells Perl to C<eval> the given string and return an SV* result.
2368 Perl_eval_pv(pTHX_ const char *p, I32 croak_on_error)
2371 SV* sv = newSVpv(p, 0);
2373 eval_sv(sv, G_SCALAR);
2380 if (croak_on_error && SvTRUE(ERRSV)) {
2381 Perl_croak(aTHX_ SvPVx_nolen_const(ERRSV));
2387 /* Require a module. */
2390 =head1 Embedding Functions
2392 =for apidoc p||require_pv
2394 Tells Perl to C<require> the file named by the string argument. It is
2395 analogous to the Perl code C<eval "require '$file'">. It's even
2396 implemented that way; consider using load_module instead.
2401 Perl_require_pv(pTHX_ const char *pv)
2405 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_REQUIRE);
2407 sv = sv_newmortal();
2408 sv_setpv(sv, "require '");
2411 eval_sv(sv, G_DISCARD);
2417 Perl_magicname(pTHX_ const char *sym, const char *name, I32 namlen)
2421 if ((gv = gv_fetchpv(sym,TRUE, SVt_PV)))
2422 sv_magic(GvSV(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, namlen);
2426 S_usage(pTHX_ const char *name) /* XXX move this out into a module ? */
2428 /* This message really ought to be max 23 lines.
2429 * Removed -h because the user already knows that option. Others? */
2431 static const char * const usage_msg[] = {
2432 "-0[octal] specify record separator (\\0, if no argument)",
2433 "-A[mod][=pattern] activate all/given assertions",
2434 "-a autosplit mode with -n or -p (splits $_ into @F)",
2435 "-C[number/list] enables the listed Unicode features",
2436 "-c check syntax only (runs BEGIN and CHECK blocks)",
2437 "-d[:debugger] run program under debugger",
2438 "-D[number/list] set debugging flags (argument is a bit mask or alphabets)",
2439 "-e program one line of program (several -e's allowed, omit programfile)",
2440 "-f don't do $sitelib/sitecustomize.pl at startup",
2441 "-F/pattern/ split() pattern for -a switch (//'s are optional)",
2442 "-i[extension] edit <> files in place (makes backup if extension supplied)",
2443 "-Idirectory specify @INC/#include directory (several -I's allowed)",
2444 "-l[octal] enable line ending processing, specifies line terminator",
2445 "-[mM][-]module execute \"use/no module...\" before executing program",
2446 "-n assume \"while (<>) { ... }\" loop around program",
2447 "-p assume loop like -n but print line also, like sed",
2448 "-P run program through C preprocessor before compilation",
2449 "-s enable rudimentary parsing for switches after programfile",
2450 "-S look for programfile using PATH environment variable",
2451 "-t enable tainting warnings",
2452 "-T enable tainting checks",
2453 "-u dump core after parsing program",
2454 "-U allow unsafe operations",
2455 "-v print version, subversion (includes VERY IMPORTANT perl info)",
2456 "-V[:variable] print configuration summary (or a single Config.pm variable)",
2457 "-w enable many useful warnings (RECOMMENDED)",
2458 "-W enable all warnings",
2459 "-x[directory] strip off text before #!perl line and perhaps cd to directory",
2460 "-X disable all warnings",
2464 const char * const *p = usage_msg;
2466 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2467 "\nUsage: %s [switches] [--] [programfile] [arguments]",
2470 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(), "\n %s", *p++);
2473 /* convert a string of -D options (or digits) into an int.
2474 * sets *s to point to the char after the options */
2478 Perl_get_debug_opts(pTHX_ const char **s, bool givehelp)
2480 static const char * const usage_msgd[] = {
2481 " Debugging flag values: (see also -d)",
2482 " p Tokenizing and parsing (with v, displays parse stack)",
2483 " s Stack snapshots (with v, displays all stacks)",
2484 " l Context (loop) stack processing",
2485 " t Trace execution",
2486 " o Method and overloading resolution",
2487 " c String/numeric conversions",
2488 " P Print profiling info, preprocessor command for -P, source file input state",
2489 " m Memory allocation",
2490 " f Format processing",
2491 " r Regular expression parsing and execution",
2492 " x Syntax tree dump",
2493 " u Tainting checks",
2494 " H Hash dump -- usurps values()",
2495 " X Scratchpad allocation",
2497 " S Thread synchronization",
2499 " R Include reference counts of dumped variables (eg when using -Ds)",
2500 " J Do not s,t,P-debug (Jump over) opcodes within package DB",
2501 " v Verbose: use in conjunction with other flags",
2503 " A Consistency checks on internal structures",
2504 " q quiet - currently only suppresses the 'EXECUTING' message",
2509 /* if adding extra options, remember to update DEBUG_MASK */
2510 static const char debopts[] = "psltocPmfrxu HXDSTRJvCAq";
2512 for (; isALNUM(**s); (*s)++) {
2513 const char *d = strchr(debopts,**s);
2515 i |= 1 << (d - debopts);
2516 else if (ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
2517 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
2518 "invalid option -D%c, use -D'' to see choices\n", **s);
2521 else if (isDIGIT(**s)) {
2523 for (; isALNUM(**s); (*s)++) ;
2525 else if (givehelp) {
2526 char **p = (char **)usage_msgd;
2527 while (*p) PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(), "%s\n", *p++);
2530 if ((i & DEBUG_p_FLAG) && ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
2531 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
2532 "-Dp not implemented on this platform\n");
2538 /* This routine handles any switches that can be given during run */
2541 Perl_moreswitches(pTHX_ char *s)
2552 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rs);
2553 if (s[1] == 'x' && s[2]) {
2554 const char *e = s+=2;
2560 flags = PERL_SCAN_SILENT_ILLDIGIT;
2561 rschar = (U32)grok_hex(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
2562 if (s + numlen < e) {
2563 rschar = 0; /* Grandfather -0xFOO as -0 -xFOO. */
2567 PL_rs = newSVpvn("", 0);
2568 SvGROW(PL_rs, (STRLEN)(UNISKIP(rschar) + 1));
2569 tmps = (U8*)SvPVX(PL_rs);
2570 uvchr_to_utf8(tmps, rschar);
2571 SvCUR_set(PL_rs, UNISKIP(rschar));
2576 rschar = (U32)grok_oct(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
2577 if (rschar & ~((U8)~0))
2578 PL_rs = &PL_sv_undef;
2579 else if (!rschar && numlen >= 2)
2580 PL_rs = newSVpvn("", 0);
2582 char ch = (char)rschar;
2583 PL_rs = newSVpvn(&ch, 1);
2586 sv_setsv(get_sv("/", TRUE), PL_rs);
2591 PL_unicode = parse_unicode_opts( (const char **)&s );
2596 while (*s && !isSPACE(*s)) ++s;
2598 PL_splitstr = savepv(PL_splitstr);
2612 /* -dt indicates to the debugger that threads will be used */
2613 if (*s == 't' && !isALNUM(s[1])) {
2615 my_setenv("PERL5DB_THREADED", "1");
2618 /* The following permits -d:Mod to accepts arguments following an =
2619 in the fashion that -MSome::Mod does. */
2620 if (*s == ':' || *s == '=') {
2623 sv = newSVpv("use Devel::", 0);
2625 /* We now allow -d:Module=Foo,Bar */
2626 while(isALNUM(*s) || *s==':') ++s;
2628 sv_catpv(sv, start);
2630 sv_catpvn(sv, start, s-start);
2631 sv_catpv(sv, " split(/,/,q{");
2636 my_setenv("PERL5DB", SvPV(sv, PL_na));
2639 PL_perldb = PERLDB_ALL;
2648 PL_debug = get_debug_opts( (const char **)&s, 1) | DEBUG_TOP_FLAG;
2649 #else /* !DEBUGGING */
2650 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
2651 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
2652 "Recompile perl with -DDEBUGGING to use -D switch (did you mean -d ?)\n");
2653 for (s++; isALNUM(*s); s++) ;
2658 usage(PL_origargv[0]);
2662 Safefree(PL_inplace);
2663 #if defined(__CYGWIN__) /* do backup extension automagically */
2664 if (*(s+1) == '\0') {
2665 PL_inplace = savepv(".bak");
2668 #endif /* __CYGWIN__ */
2669 PL_inplace = savepv(s+1);
2670 for (s = PL_inplace; *s && !isSPACE(*s); s++)
2674 if (*s == '-') /* Additional switches on #! line. */
2678 case 'I': /* -I handled both here and in parse_body() */
2681 while (*s && isSPACE(*s))
2686 /* ignore trailing spaces (possibly followed by other switches) */
2688 for (e = p; *e && !isSPACE(*e); e++) ;
2692 } while (*p && *p != '-');
2693 e = savepvn(s, e-s);
2694 incpush(e, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE, FALSE);
2701 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No directory specified for -I");
2707 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ors_sv);
2713 PL_ors_sv = newSVpvn("\n",1);
2714 numlen = 3 + (*s == '0');
2715 *SvPVX(PL_ors_sv) = (char)grok_oct(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
2719 if (RsPARA(PL_rs)) {
2720 PL_ors_sv = newSVpvn("\n\n",2);
2723 PL_ors_sv = newSVsv(PL_rs);
2730 PL_preambleav = newAV();
2734 SV *sv = newSVpv("use assertions::activate", 24);
2735 while(isALNUM(*s) || *s == ':') ++s;
2737 sv_catpvn(sv, "::", 2);
2738 sv_catpvn(sv, start, s-start);
2741 sv_catpvn(sv, " split(/,/,q\0", 13);
2743 sv_catpvn(sv, "\0)", 2);
2746 else if (*s != '\0') {
2747 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use '%c' after -A%.*s", *s, s-start, start);
2749 av_push(PL_preambleav, sv);
2753 forbid_setid("-M"); /* XXX ? */
2756 forbid_setid("-m"); /* XXX ? */
2760 const char *use = "use ";
2761 /* -M-foo == 'no foo' */
2762 if (*s == '-') { use = "no "; ++s; }
2763 sv = newSVpv(use,0);
2765 /* We allow -M'Module qw(Foo Bar)' */
2766 while(isALNUM(*s) || *s==':') ++s;
2768 sv_catpv(sv, start);
2769 if (*(start-1) == 'm') {
2771 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use '%c' after -mname", *s);
2772 sv_catpv( sv, " ()");
2776 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Module name required with -%c option",
2778 sv_catpvn(sv, start, s-start);
2779 sv_catpv(sv, " split(/,/,q");
2780 sv_catpvn(sv, "\0)", 1); /* Use NUL as q//-delimiter. */
2782 sv_catpvn(sv, "\0)", 2);
2786 PL_preambleav = newAV();
2787 av_push(PL_preambleav, sv);
2790 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Missing argument to -%c", *(s-1));
2802 PL_doswitches = TRUE;
2816 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2817 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Believe me, you don't want to use \"-u\" on a Macintosh");
2819 PL_do_undump = TRUE;
2827 if (!sv_derived_from(PL_patchlevel, "version"))
2828 (void *)upg_version(PL_patchlevel);
2830 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2831 Perl_form(aTHX_ "\nThis is perl, %"SVf" built for %s",
2832 vstringify(PL_patchlevel),
2835 /* Adjust verbose output as in the perl that ships with the DG/UX OS from EMC */
2836 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2837 Perl_form(aTHX_ "\nThis is perl, %"SVf"\n",
2838 vstringify(PL_patchlevel)));
2839 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2840 Perl_form(aTHX_ " built under %s at %s %s\n",
2841 OSNAME, __DATE__, __TIME__));
2842 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2843 Perl_form(aTHX_ " OS Specific Release: %s\n",
2847 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
2848 if (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT > 0)
2849 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2850 "\n(with %d registered patch%s, "
2851 "see perl -V for more detail)",
2852 (int)LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT,
2853 (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT!=1) ? "es" : "");
2856 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2857 "\n\nCopyright 1987-2005, Larry Wall\n");
2858 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2859 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2860 "\nMac OS port Copyright 1991-2002, Matthias Neeracher;\n"
2861 "maintained by Chris Nandor\n");
2864 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2865 "\nMS-DOS port Copyright (c) 1989, 1990, Diomidis Spinellis\n");
2868 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2869 "djgpp v2 port (jpl5003c) by Hirofumi Watanabe, 1996\n"
2870 "djgpp v2 port (perl5004+) by Laszlo Molnar, 1997-1999\n");
2873 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2874 "\n\nOS/2 port Copyright (c) 1990, 1991, Raymond Chen, Kai Uwe Rommel\n"
2875 "Version 5 port Copyright (c) 1994-2002, Andreas Kaiser, Ilya Zakharevich\n");
2878 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2879 "atariST series port, ++jrb bammi@cadence.com\n");
2882 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2883 "BeOS port Copyright Tom Spindler, 1997-1999\n");
2886 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2887 "MPE/iX port Copyright by Mark Klein and Mark Bixby, 1996-2003\n");
2890 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2891 "MVS (OS390) port by Mortice Kern Systems, 1997-1999\n");
2894 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2895 "Stratus VOS port by Paul.Green@stratus.com, 1997-2002\n");
2898 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2899 "VM/ESA port by Neale Ferguson, 1998-1999\n");
2902 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2903 "BS2000 (POSIX) port by Start Amadeus GmbH, 1998-1999\n");
2906 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2907 "MiNT port by Guido Flohr, 1997-1999\n");
2910 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2911 "EPOC port by Olaf Flebbe, 1999-2002\n");
2914 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),"WINCE port by Rainer Keuchel, 2001-2002\n");
2915 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),"Built on " __DATE__ " " __TIME__ "\n\n");
2919 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2920 "Symbian port by Nokia, 2004-2005\n");
2922 #ifdef BINARY_BUILD_NOTICE
2923 BINARY_BUILD_NOTICE;
2925 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2927 Perl may be copied only under the terms of either the Artistic License or the\n\
2928 GNU General Public License, which may be found in the Perl 5 source kit.\n\n\
2929 Complete documentation for Perl, including FAQ lists, should be found on\n\
2930 this system using \"man perl\" or \"perldoc perl\". If you have access to the\n\
2931 Internet, point your browser at http://www.perl.org/, the Perl Home Page.\n\n");
2934 if (! (PL_dowarn & G_WARN_ALL_MASK))
2935 PL_dowarn |= G_WARN_ON;
2939 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_ALL_ON|G_WARN_ON;
2940 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
2941 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
2942 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = pWARN_ALL ;
2946 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_ALL_OFF;
2947 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
2948 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
2949 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = pWARN_NONE ;
2954 if (s[1] == '-') /* Additional switches on #! line. */
2959 #if defined(WIN32) || !defined(PERL_STRICT_CR)
2965 #ifdef ALTERNATE_SHEBANG
2966 case 'S': /* OS/2 needs -S on "extproc" line. */
2974 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't emulate -%.1s on #! line",s);
2979 /* compliments of Tom Christiansen */
2981 /* unexec() can be found in the Gnu emacs distribution */
2982 /* Known to work with -DUNEXEC and using unexelf.c from GNU emacs-20.2 */
2985 Perl_my_unexec(pTHX)
2993 prog = newSVpv(BIN_EXP, 0);
2994 sv_catpv(prog, "/perl");
2995 file = newSVpv(PL_origfilename, 0);
2996 sv_catpv(file, ".perldump");
2998 unexec(SvPVX(file), SvPVX(prog), &etext, sbrk(0), 0);
2999 /* unexec prints msg to stderr in case of failure */
3000 PerlProc_exit(status);
3003 # include <lib$routines.h>
3004 lib$signal(SS$_DEBUG); /* ssdef.h #included from vmsish.h */
3006 ABORT(); /* for use with undump */
3011 /* initialize curinterp */
3017 # define PERLVAR(var,type)
3018 # define PERLVARA(var,n,type)
3019 # if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
3020 # if defined(USE_5005THREADS)
3021 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
3022 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
3023 # else /* !USE_5005THREADS */
3024 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) aTHX->var = init;
3025 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) aTHX->var = init;
3026 # endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
3028 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
3029 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
3031 # include "intrpvar.h"
3032 # ifndef USE_5005THREADS
3033 # include "thrdvar.h"
3040 # define PERLVAR(var,type)
3041 # define PERLVARA(var,n,type)
3042 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PL_##var = init;
3043 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PL_##var = init;
3044 # include "intrpvar.h"
3045 # ifndef USE_5005THREADS
3046 # include "thrdvar.h"
3057 S_init_main_stash(pTHX)
3061 PL_curstash = PL_defstash = newHV();
3062 PL_curstname = newSVpvn("main",4);
3063 gv = gv_fetchpv("main::",TRUE, SVt_PVHV);
3064 SvREFCNT_dec(GvHV(gv));
3065 GvHV(gv) = (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(PL_defstash);
3067 Perl_hv_name_set(aTHX_ PL_defstash, "main", 4, 0);
3068 PL_incgv = gv_HVadd(gv_AVadd(gv_fetchpv("INC",TRUE, SVt_PVAV)));
3069 GvMULTI_on(PL_incgv);
3070 PL_hintgv = gv_fetchpv("\010",TRUE, SVt_PV); /* ^H */
3071 GvMULTI_on(PL_hintgv);
3072 PL_defgv = gv_fetchpv("_",TRUE, SVt_PVAV);
3073 PL_errgv = gv_HVadd(gv_fetchpv("@", TRUE, SVt_PV));
3074 GvMULTI_on(PL_errgv);
3075 PL_replgv = gv_fetchpv("\022", TRUE, SVt_PV); /* ^R */
3076 GvMULTI_on(PL_replgv);
3077 (void)Perl_form(aTHX_ "%240s",""); /* Preallocate temp - for immediate signals. */
3078 sv_grow(ERRSV, 240); /* Preallocate - for immediate signals. */
3079 sv_setpvn(ERRSV, "", 0);
3080 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
3081 CopSTASH_set(&PL_compiling, PL_defstash);
3082 PL_debstash = GvHV(gv_fetchpv("DB::", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
3083 PL_globalstash = GvHV(gv_fetchpv("CORE::GLOBAL::", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
3084 /* We must init $/ before switches are processed. */
3085 sv_setpvn(get_sv("/", TRUE), "\n", 1);
3088 /* PSz 18 Nov 03 fdscript now global but do not change prototype */
3090 S_open_script(pTHX_ const char *scriptname, bool dosearch, SV *sv)
3095 const char *cpp_discard_flag;
3104 PL_origfilename = savepvn("-e", 2);
3107 /* if find_script() returns, it returns a malloc()-ed value */
3108 scriptname = PL_origfilename = find_script(scriptname, dosearch, NULL, 1);
3110 if (strnEQ(scriptname, "/dev/fd/", 8) && isDIGIT(scriptname[8]) ) {
3111 const char *s = scriptname + 8;
3112 PL_fdscript = atoi(s);
3117 * Tell apart "normal" usage of fdscript, e.g.
3118 * with bash on FreeBSD:
3119 * perl <( echo '#!perl -DA'; echo 'print "$0\n"')
3120 * from usage in suidperl.
3121 * Does any "normal" usage leave garbage after the number???
3122 * Is it a mistake to use a similar /dev/fd/ construct for
3127 * Be supersafe and do some sanity-checks.
3128 * Still, can we be sure we got the right thing?
3131 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Wrong syntax (suid) fd script name \"%s\"\n", s);
3134 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Missing (suid) fd script name\n");
3136 scriptname = savepv(s + 1);
3137 Safefree(PL_origfilename);
3138 PL_origfilename = (char *)scriptname;
3143 CopFILE_free(PL_curcop);
3144 CopFILE_set(PL_curcop, PL_origfilename);
3145 if (*PL_origfilename == '-' && PL_origfilename[1] == '\0')
3146 scriptname = (char *)"";
3147 if (PL_fdscript >= 0) {
3148 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_fdopen(PL_fdscript,PERL_SCRIPT_MODE);
3149 # if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3151 /* ensure close-on-exec */
3152 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,1);
3157 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "sperl needs fd script\n"
3158 "You should not call sperl directly; do you need to "
3159 "change a #! line\nfrom sperl to perl?\n");
3162 * Do not open (or do other fancy stuff) while setuid.
3163 * Perl does the open, and hands script to suidperl on a fd;
3164 * suidperl only does some checks, sets up UIDs and re-execs
3165 * perl with that fd as it has always done.
3168 if (PL_suidscript != 1) {
3169 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "suidperl needs (suid) fd script\n");
3172 else if (PL_preprocess) {
3173 const char *cpp_cfg = CPPSTDIN;
3174 SV *cpp = newSVpvn("",0);
3175 SV *cmd = NEWSV(0,0);
3177 if (cpp_cfg[0] == 0) /* PERL_MICRO? */
3178 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't run with cpp -P with CPPSTDIN undefined");
3179 if (strEQ(cpp_cfg, "cppstdin"))
3180 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ cpp, "%s/", BIN_EXP);
3181 sv_catpv(cpp, cpp_cfg);
3184 sv_catpvn(sv, "-I", 2);
3185 sv_catpv(sv,PRIVLIB_EXP);
3188 DEBUG_P(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3189 "PL_preprocess: scriptname=\"%s\", cpp=\"%s\", sv=\"%s\", CPPMINUS=\"%s\"\n",
3190 scriptname, SvPVX_const (cpp), SvPVX_const (sv),
3193 # if defined(MSDOS) || defined(WIN32) || defined(VMS)
3200 cpp_discard_flag = "";
3202 cpp_discard_flag = "-C";
3206 perl = os2_execname(aTHX);
3208 perl = PL_origargv[0];
3212 /* This strips off Perl comments which might interfere with
3213 the C pre-processor, including #!. #line directives are
3214 deliberately stripped to avoid confusion with Perl's version
3215 of #line. FWP played some golf with it so it will fit
3216 into VMS's 255 character buffer.
3219 code = "(1../^#!.*perl/i)|/^\\s*#(?!\\s*((ifn?|un)def|(el|end)?if|define|include|else|error|pragma)\\b)/||!($|=1)||print";
3221 code = "/^\\s*#(?!\\s*((ifn?|un)def|(el|end)?if|define|include|else|error|pragma)\\b)/||!($|=1)||print";
3223 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ cmd, "\
3224 %s -ne%s%s%s %s | %"SVf" %s %"SVf" %s",
3225 perl, quote, code, quote, scriptname, cpp,
3226 cpp_discard_flag, sv, CPPMINUS);
3228 PL_doextract = FALSE;
3230 DEBUG_P(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3231 "PL_preprocess: cmd=\"%s\"\n",
3234 PL_rsfp = PerlProc_popen((char *)SvPVX_const(cmd), (char *)"r");
3238 else if (!*scriptname) {
3239 forbid_setid("program input from stdin");
3240 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_stdin();
3243 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_open(scriptname,PERL_SCRIPT_MODE);
3244 # if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3246 /* ensure close-on-exec */
3247 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,1);
3250 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3252 /* PSz 16 Sep 03 Keep neat error message */
3253 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't open perl script \"%s\": %s\n",
3254 CopFILE(PL_curcop), Strerror(errno));
3259 * I_SYSSTATVFS HAS_FSTATVFS
3261 * I_STATFS HAS_FSTATFS HAS_GETFSSTAT
3262 * I_MNTENT HAS_GETMNTENT HAS_HASMNTOPT
3263 * here so that metaconfig picks them up. */
3267 S_fd_on_nosuid_fs(pTHX_ int fd)
3270 * We used to do this as "plain" user (after swapping UIDs with setreuid);
3271 * but is needed also on machines without setreuid.
3272 * Seems safe enough to run as root.
3274 int check_okay = 0; /* able to do all the required sys/libcalls */
3275 int on_nosuid = 0; /* the fd is on a nosuid fs */
3277 * Need to check noexec also: nosuid might not be set, the average
3278 * sysadmin would say that nosuid is irrelevant once he sets noexec.
3280 int on_noexec = 0; /* the fd is on a noexec fs */
3283 * Preferred order: fstatvfs(), fstatfs(), ustat()+getmnt(), getmntent().
3284 * fstatvfs() is UNIX98.
3285 * fstatfs() is 4.3 BSD.
3286 * ustat()+getmnt() is pre-4.3 BSD.
3287 * getmntent() is O(number-of-mounted-filesystems) and can hang on
3288 * an irrelevant filesystem while trying to reach the right one.
3291 #undef FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY /* found the syscalls to do the check? */
3293 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3294 defined(HAS_FSTATVFS)
3295 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3296 struct statvfs stfs;
3298 check_okay = fstatvfs(fd, &stfs) == 0;
3299 on_nosuid = check_okay && (stfs.f_flag & ST_NOSUID);
3301 /* ST_NOEXEC certainly absent on AIX 5.1, and doesn't seem to be documented
3302 on platforms where it is present. */
3303 on_noexec = check_okay && (stfs.f_flag & ST_NOEXEC);
3305 # endif /* fstatvfs */
3307 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3308 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID) && \
3309 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC) && \
3310 defined(HAS_FSTATFS) && \
3311 defined(HAS_STRUCT_STATFS) && \
3312 defined(HAS_STRUCT_STATFS_F_FLAGS)
3313 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3316 check_okay = fstatfs(fd, &stfs) == 0;
3317 on_nosuid = check_okay && (stfs.f_flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID);
3318 on_noexec = check_okay && (stfs.f_flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC);
3319 # endif /* fstatfs */
3321 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3322 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID) && \
3323 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC) && \
3324 defined(HAS_FSTAT) && \
3325 defined(HAS_USTAT) && \
3326 defined(HAS_GETMNT) && \
3327 defined(HAS_STRUCT_FS_DATA) && \
3329 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3332 if (fstat(fd, &fdst) == 0) {
3334 if (ustat(fdst.st_dev, &us) == 0) {
3336 /* NOSTAT_ONE here because we're not examining fields which
3337 * vary between that case and STAT_ONE. */
3338 if (getmnt((int*)0, &fsd, (int)0, NOSTAT_ONE, us.f_fname) == 0) {
3339 size_t cmplen = sizeof(us.f_fname);
3340 if (sizeof(fsd.fd_req.path) < cmplen)
3341 cmplen = sizeof(fsd.fd_req.path);
3342 if (strnEQ(fsd.fd_req.path, us.f_fname, cmplen) &&
3343 fdst.st_dev == fsd.fd_req.dev) {
3345 on_nosuid = fsd.fd_req.flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID;
3346 on_noexec = fsd.fd_req.flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC;
3352 # endif /* fstat+ustat+getmnt */
3354 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3355 defined(HAS_GETMNTENT) && \
3356 defined(HAS_HASMNTOPT) && \
3357 defined(MNTOPT_NOSUID) && \
3358 defined(MNTOPT_NOEXEC)
3359 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3360 FILE *mtab = fopen("/etc/mtab", "r");
3361 struct mntent *entry;
3364 if (mtab && (fstat(fd, &stb) == 0)) {
3365 while (entry = getmntent(mtab)) {
3366 if (stat(entry->mnt_dir, &fsb) == 0
3367 && fsb.st_dev == stb.st_dev)
3369 /* found the filesystem */
3371 if (hasmntopt(entry, MNTOPT_NOSUID))
3373 if (hasmntopt(entry, MNTOPT_NOEXEC))
3376 } /* A single fs may well fail its stat(). */
3381 # endif /* getmntent+hasmntopt */
3384 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't check filesystem of script \"%s\" for nosuid/noexec", PL_origfilename);
3386 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script \"%s\" on nosuid filesystem", PL_origfilename);
3388 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script \"%s\" on noexec filesystem", PL_origfilename);
3389 return ((!check_okay) || on_nosuid || on_noexec);
3391 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3394 S_validate_suid(pTHX_ const char *validarg, const char *scriptname)
3399 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3401 /* do we need to emulate setuid on scripts? */
3403 /* This code is for those BSD systems that have setuid #! scripts disabled
3404 * in the kernel because of a security problem. Merely defining DOSUID
3405 * in perl will not fix that problem, but if you have disabled setuid
3406 * scripts in the kernel, this will attempt to emulate setuid and setgid
3407 * on scripts that have those now-otherwise-useless bits set. The setuid
3408 * root version must be called suidperl or sperlN.NNN. If regular perl
3409 * discovers that it has opened a setuid script, it calls suidperl with
3410 * the same argv that it had. If suidperl finds that the script it has
3411 * just opened is NOT setuid root, it sets the effective uid back to the
3412 * uid. We don't just make perl setuid root because that loses the
3413 * effective uid we had before invoking perl, if it was different from the
3416 * Description/comments above do not match current workings:
3417 * suidperl must be hardlinked to sperlN.NNN (that is what we exec);
3418 * suidperl called with script open and name changed to /dev/fd/N/X;
3419 * suidperl croaks if script is not setuid;
3420 * making perl setuid would be a huge security risk (and yes, that
3421 * would lose any euid we might have had).
3423 * DOSUID must be defined in both perl and suidperl, and IAMSUID must
3424 * be defined in suidperl only. suidperl must be setuid root. The
3425 * Configure script will set this up for you if you want it.
3431 if (PerlLIO_fstat(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),&PL_statbuf) < 0) /* normal stat is insecure */
3432 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't stat script \"%s\"",PL_origfilename);
3433 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & (S_ISUID|S_ISGID)) {
3435 const char *linestr;
3438 if (PL_fdscript < 0 || PL_suidscript != 1)
3439 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Need (suid) fdscript in suidperl\n"); /* We already checked this */
3441 * Since the script is opened by perl, not suidperl, some of these
3442 * checks are superfluous. Leaving them in probably does not lower
3446 * Do checks even for systems with no HAS_SETREUID.
3447 * We used to swap, then re-swap UIDs with
3449 if (setreuid(PL_euid,PL_uid) < 0
3450 || PerlProc_getuid() != PL_euid || PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_uid)
3451 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't swap uid and euid");
3454 if (setreuid(PL_uid,PL_euid) < 0
3455 || PerlProc_getuid() != PL_uid || PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_euid)
3456 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't reswap uid and euid");
3460 /* On this access check to make sure the directories are readable,
3461 * there is actually a small window that the user could use to make
3462 * filename point to an accessible directory. So there is a faint
3463 * chance that someone could execute a setuid script down in a
3464 * non-accessible directory. I don't know what to do about that.
3465 * But I don't think it's too important. The manual lies when
3466 * it says access() is useful in setuid programs.
3468 * So, access() is pretty useless... but not harmful... do anyway.
3470 if (PerlLIO_access(CopFILE(PL_curcop),1)) { /*double check*/
3471 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't access() script\n");
3474 /* If we can swap euid and uid, then we can determine access rights
3475 * with a simple stat of the file, and then compare device and
3476 * inode to make sure we did stat() on the same file we opened.
3477 * Then we just have to make sure he or she can execute it.
3480 * As the script is opened by perl, not suidperl, we do not need to
3481 * care much about access rights.
3483 * The 'script changed' check is needed, or we can get lied to
3484 * about $0 with e.g.
3485 * suidperl /dev/fd/4//bin/x 4<setuidscript
3486 * Without HAS_SETREUID, is it safe to stat() as root?
3488 * Are there any operating systems that pass /dev/fd/xxx for setuid
3489 * scripts, as suggested/described in perlsec(1)? Surely they do not
3490 * pass the script name as we do, so the "script changed" test would
3491 * fail for them... but we never get here with
3492 * SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW defined.
3494 * This is one place where we must "lie" about return status: not
3495 * say if the stat() failed. We are doing this as root, and could
3496 * be tricked into reporting existence or not of files that the
3497 * "plain" user cannot even see.
3501 if (PerlLIO_stat(CopFILE(PL_curcop),&tmpstatbuf) < 0 ||
3502 tmpstatbuf.st_dev != PL_statbuf.st_dev ||
3503 tmpstatbuf.st_ino != PL_statbuf.st_ino) {
3504 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script changed\n");
3508 if (!cando(S_IXUSR,FALSE,&PL_statbuf)) /* can real uid exec? */
3509 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Real UID cannot exec script\n");
3512 * We used to do this check as the "plain" user (after swapping
3513 * UIDs). But the check for nosuid and noexec filesystem is needed,
3514 * and should be done even without HAS_SETREUID. (Maybe those
3515 * operating systems do not have such mount options anyway...)
3516 * Seems safe enough to do as root.
3518 #if !defined(NO_NOSUID_CHECK)
3519 if (fd_on_nosuid_fs(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp))) {
3520 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script on nosuid or noexec filesystem\n");
3523 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3525 if (!S_ISREG(PL_statbuf.st_mode)) {
3526 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script not plain file\n");
3528 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_IWOTH)
3529 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid/gid script is writable by world");
3530 PL_doswitches = FALSE; /* -s is insecure in suid */
3531 /* PSz 13 Nov 03 But -s was caught elsewhere ... so unsetting it here is useless(?!) */
3532 CopLINE_inc(PL_curcop);
3533 linestr = SvPV_nolen_const(PL_linestr);
3534 if (sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0) == Nullch ||
3535 strnNE(linestr,"#!",2) ) /* required even on Sys V */
3536 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No #! line");
3540 /* Sanity check on line length */
3541 if (strlen(s) < 1 || strlen(s) > 4000)
3542 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Very long #! line");
3543 /* Allow more than a single space after #! */
3544 while (isSPACE(*s)) s++;
3545 /* Sanity check on buffer end */
3546 while ((*s) && !isSPACE(*s)) s++;
3547 for (s2 = s; (s2 > linestr &&
3548 (isDIGIT(s2[-1]) || s2[-1] == '.' || s2[-1] == '_'
3549 || s2[-1] == '-')); s2--) ;
3550 /* Sanity check on buffer start */
3551 if ( (s2-4 < linestr || strnNE(s2-4,"perl",4)) &&
3552 (s-9 < linestr || strnNE(s-9,"perl",4)) )
3553 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Not a perl script");
3554 while (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t') s++;
3556 * #! arg must be what we saw above. They can invoke it by
3557 * mentioning suidperl explicitly, but they may not add any strange
3558 * arguments beyond what #! says if they do invoke suidperl that way.
3561 * The way validarg was set up, we rely on the kernel to start
3562 * scripts with argv[1] set to contain all #! line switches (the
3566 * Check that we got all the arguments listed in the #! line (not
3567 * just that there are no extraneous arguments). Might not matter
3568 * much, as switches from #! line seem to be acted upon (also), and
3569 * so may be checked and trapped in perl. But, security checks must
3570 * be done in suidperl and not deferred to perl. Note that suidperl
3571 * does not get around to parsing (and checking) the switches on
3572 * the #! line (but execs perl sooner).
3573 * Allow (require) a trailing newline (which may be of two
3574 * characters on some architectures?) (but no other trailing
3577 len = strlen(validarg);
3578 if (strEQ(validarg," PHOOEY ") ||
3579 strnNE(s,validarg,len) || !isSPACE(s[len]) ||
3580 !(strlen(s) == len+1 || (strlen(s) == len+2 && isSPACE(s[len+1]))))
3581 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Args must match #! line");
3584 if (PL_fdscript < 0 &&
3585 PL_euid != PL_uid && (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID) &&
3586 PL_euid == PL_statbuf.st_uid)
3588 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "YOU HAVEN'T DISABLED SET-ID SCRIPTS IN THE KERNEL YET!\n\
3589 FIX YOUR KERNEL, OR PUT A C WRAPPER AROUND THIS SCRIPT!\n");
3590 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3592 if (PL_fdscript < 0 &&
3593 PL_euid) { /* oops, we're not the setuid root perl */
3595 * When root runs a setuid script, we do not go through the same
3596 * steps of execing sperl and then perl with fd scripts, but
3597 * simply set up UIDs within the same perl invocation; so do
3598 * not have the same checks (on options, whatever) that we have
3599 * for plain users. No problem really: would have to be a script
3600 * that does not actually work for plain users; and if root is
3601 * foolish and can be persuaded to run such an unsafe script, he
3602 * might run also non-setuid ones, and deserves what he gets.
3604 * Or, we might drop the PL_euid check above (and rely just on
3605 * PL_fdscript to avoid loops), and do the execs
3611 * Pass fd script to suidperl.
3612 * Exec suidperl, substituting fd script for scriptname.
3613 * Pass script name as "subdir" of fd, which perl will grok;
3614 * in fact will use that to distinguish this from "normal"
3615 * usage, see comments above.
3617 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
3618 PerlLIO_lseek(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),(Off_t)0,0); /* just in case rewind didn't */
3619 /* PSz 27 Feb 04 Sanity checks on scriptname */
3620 if ((!scriptname) || (!*scriptname) ) {
3621 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No setuid script name\n");
3623 if (*scriptname == '-') {
3624 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script name may not begin with dash\n");
3625 /* Or we might confuse it with an option when replacing
3626 * name in argument list, below (though we do pointer, not
3627 * string, comparisons).
3630 for (which = 1; PL_origargv[which] && PL_origargv[which] != scriptname; which++) ;
3631 if (!PL_origargv[which]) {
3632 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't change argv to have fd script\n");
3634 PL_origargv[which] = savepv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "/dev/fd/%d/%s",
3635 PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp), PL_origargv[which]));
3636 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3637 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,0); /* ensure no close-on-exec */
3640 PerlProc_execv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s/sperl"PERL_FS_VER_FMT, BIN_EXP,
3641 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
3642 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION), PL_origargv);
3644 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3645 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setuid (cannot exec sperl)\n");
3648 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISGID && PL_statbuf.st_gid != PL_egid) {
3650 * This seems back to front: we try HAS_SETEGID first; if not available
3651 * then try HAS_SETREGID; as a last chance we try HAS_SETRESGID. May be OK
3652 * in the sense that we only want to set EGID; but are there any machines
3653 * with either of the latter, but not the former? Same with UID, later.
3656 (void)setegid(PL_statbuf.st_gid);
3659 (void)setregid((Gid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_gid);
3661 #ifdef HAS_SETRESGID
3662 (void)setresgid((Gid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_gid,(Gid_t)-1);
3664 PerlProc_setgid(PL_statbuf.st_gid);
3668 if (PerlProc_getegid() != PL_statbuf.st_gid)
3669 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setegid!\n");
3671 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID) {
3672 if (PL_statbuf.st_uid != PL_euid)
3674 (void)seteuid(PL_statbuf.st_uid); /* all that for this */
3677 (void)setreuid((Uid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_uid);
3679 #ifdef HAS_SETRESUID
3680 (void)setresuid((Uid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_uid,(Uid_t)-1);
3682 PerlProc_setuid(PL_statbuf.st_uid);
3686 if (PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_statbuf.st_uid)
3687 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do seteuid!\n");
3689 else if (PL_uid) { /* oops, mustn't run as root */
3691 (void)seteuid((Uid_t)PL_uid);
3694 (void)setreuid((Uid_t)-1,(Uid_t)PL_uid);
3696 #ifdef HAS_SETRESUID
3697 (void)setresuid((Uid_t)-1,(Uid_t)PL_uid,(Uid_t)-1);
3699 PerlProc_setuid((Uid_t)PL_uid);
3703 if (PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_uid)
3704 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do seteuid!\n");
3707 if (!cando(S_IXUSR,TRUE,&PL_statbuf))
3708 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Effective UID cannot exec script\n"); /* they can't do this */
3711 else if (PL_preprocess) /* PSz 13 Nov 03 Caught elsewhere, useless(?!) here */
3712 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "-P not allowed for setuid/setgid script\n");
3713 else if (PL_fdscript < 0 || PL_suidscript != 1)
3714 /* PSz 13 Nov 03 Caught elsewhere, useless(?!) here */
3715 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "(suid) fdscript needed in suidperl\n");
3717 /* PSz 16 Sep 03 Keep neat error message */
3718 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Script is not setuid/setgid in suidperl\n");
3721 /* We absolutely must clear out any saved ids here, so we */
3722 /* exec the real perl, substituting fd script for scriptname. */
3723 /* (We pass script name as "subdir" of fd, which perl will grok.) */
3725 * It might be thought that using setresgid and/or setresuid (changed to
3726 * set the saved IDs) above might obviate the need to exec, and we could
3727 * go on to "do the perl thing".
3729 * Is there such a thing as "saved GID", and is that set for setuid (but
3730 * not setgid) execution like suidperl? Without exec, it would not be
3731 * cleared for setuid (but not setgid) scripts (or might need a dummy
3734 * We need suidperl to do the exact same argument checking that perl
3735 * does. Thus it cannot be very small; while it could be significantly
3736 * smaller, it is safer (simpler?) to make it essentially the same
3737 * binary as perl (but they are not identical). - Maybe could defer that
3738 * check to the invoked perl, and suidperl be a tiny wrapper instead;
3739 * but prefer to do thorough checks in suidperl itself. Such deferral
3740 * would make suidperl security rely on perl, a design no-no.
3742 * Setuid things should be short and simple, thus easy to understand and
3743 * verify. They should do their "own thing", without influence by
3744 * attackers. It may help if their internal execution flow is fixed,
3745 * regardless of platform: it may be best to exec anyway.
3747 * Suidperl should at least be conceptually simple: a wrapper only,
3748 * never to do any real perl. Maybe we should put
3750 * Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Suidperl should never do real perl\n");
3752 * into the perly bits.
3754 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
3755 PerlLIO_lseek(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),(Off_t)0,0); /* just in case rewind didn't */
3757 * Keep original arguments: suidperl already has fd script.
3759 /* for (which = 1; PL_origargv[which] && PL_origargv[which] != scriptname; which++) ; */
3760 /* if (!PL_origargv[which]) { */
3761 /* errno = EPERM; */
3762 /* Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Permission denied\n"); */
3764 /* PL_origargv[which] = savepv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "/dev/fd/%d/%s", */
3765 /* PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp), PL_origargv[which])); */
3766 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3767 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,0); /* ensure no close-on-exec */
3770 PerlProc_execv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s/perl"PERL_FS_VER_FMT, BIN_EXP,
3771 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
3772 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION), PL_origargv);/* try again */
3774 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setuid (suidperl cannot exec perl)\n");
3775 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3777 if (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid) { /* (suidperl doesn't exist, in fact) */
3778 #ifndef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
3779 PerlLIO_fstat(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),&PL_statbuf); /* may be either wrapped or real suid */
3780 if ((PL_euid != PL_uid && PL_euid == PL_statbuf.st_uid && PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID)
3782 (PL_egid != PL_gid && PL_egid == PL_statbuf.st_gid && PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISGID)
3785 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "YOU HAVEN'T DISABLED SET-ID SCRIPTS IN THE KERNEL YET!\n\
3786 FIX YOUR KERNEL, PUT A C WRAPPER AROUND THIS SCRIPT, OR USE -u AND UNDUMP!\n");
3787 #endif /* SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW */
3788 /* not set-id, must be wrapped */
3796 S_find_beginning(pTHX)
3799 register const char *s2;
3800 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3804 /* skip forward in input to the real script? */
3807 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3808 /* Since the Mac OS does not honor #! arguments for us, we do it ourselves */
3810 while (PL_doextract || gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
3811 if ((s = sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0)) == Nullch) {
3812 if (!gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract)
3813 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No Perl script found in input\n");
3815 if (PL_doextract) /* require explicit override ? */
3816 if (!OverrideExtract(PL_origfilename))
3817 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "User aborted script\n");
3819 PL_doextract = FALSE;
3821 /* Pater peccavi, file does not have #! */
3822 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
3827 while (PL_doextract) {
3828 if ((s = sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0)) == Nullch)
3829 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No Perl script found in input\n");
3832 if (*s == '#' && s[1] == '!' && ((s = instr(s,"perl")) || (s = instr(s2,"PERL")))) {
3833 PerlIO_ungetc(PL_rsfp, '\n'); /* to keep line count right */
3834 PL_doextract = FALSE;
3835 while (*s && !(isSPACE (*s) || *s == '#')) s++;
3837 while (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t') s++;
3839 while (isDIGIT(s2[-1]) || s2[-1] == '-' || s2[-1] == '.'
3840 || s2[-1] == '_') s2--;
3841 if (strnEQ(s2-4,"perl",4))
3842 while ((s = moreswitches(s)))
3845 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3846 /* We are always searching for the #!perl line in MacPerl,
3847 * so if we find it, still keep the line count correct
3848 * by counting lines we already skipped over
3850 for (; maclines > 0 ; maclines--)
3851 PerlIO_ungetc(PL_rsfp, '\n');
3855 /* gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract is false in MPW tool */
3856 } else if (gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
3867 PL_uid = PerlProc_getuid();
3868 PL_euid = PerlProc_geteuid();
3869 PL_gid = PerlProc_getgid();
3870 PL_egid = PerlProc_getegid();
3872 PL_uid |= PL_gid << 16;
3873 PL_euid |= PL_egid << 16;
3875 /* Should not happen: */
3876 CHECK_MALLOC_TAINT(PL_uid && (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid));
3877 PL_tainting |= (PL_uid && (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid));
3880 * Should go by suidscript, not uid!=euid: why disallow
3881 * system("ls") in scripts run from setuid things?
3882 * Or, is this run before we check arguments and set suidscript?
3883 * What about SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW: could we use fdscript then?
3884 * (We never have suidscript, can we be sure to have fdscript?)
3885 * Or must then go by UID checks? See comments in forbid_setid also.
3889 /* This is used very early in the lifetime of the program,
3890 * before even the options are parsed, so PL_tainting has
3891 * not been initialized properly. */
3893 Perl_doing_taint(int argc, char *argv[], char *envp[])
3895 #ifndef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
3896 /* If we have PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS we can't call getuid() et alia
3897 * before we have an interpreter-- and the whole point of this
3898 * function is to be called at such an early stage. If you are on
3899 * a system with PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS but you do have a concept of
3900 * "tainted because running with altered effective ids', you'll
3901 * have to add your own checks somewhere in here. The two most
3902 * known samples of 'implicitness' are Win32 and NetWare, neither
3903 * of which has much of concept of 'uids'. */
3904 int uid = PerlProc_getuid();
3905 int euid = PerlProc_geteuid();
3906 int gid = PerlProc_getgid();
3907 int egid = PerlProc_getegid();
3914 if (uid && (euid != uid || egid != gid))
3916 #endif /* !PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS */
3917 /* This is a really primitive check; environment gets ignored only
3918 * if -T are the first chars together; otherwise one gets
3919 * "Too late" message. */
3920 if ( argc > 1 && argv[1][0] == '-'
3921 && (argv[1][1] == 't' || argv[1][1] == 'T') )
3927 S_forbid_setid(pTHX_ const char *s)
3929 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
3930 if (PL_euid != PL_uid)
3931 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed while running setuid", s);
3932 if (PL_egid != PL_gid)
3933 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed while running setgid", s);
3934 #endif /* SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW */
3936 * Checks for UID/GID above "wrong": why disallow
3937 * perl -e 'print "Hello\n"'
3938 * from within setuid things?? Simply drop them: replaced by
3939 * fdscript/suidscript and #ifdef IAMSUID checks below.
3941 * This may be too late for command-line switches. Will catch those on
3942 * the #! line, after finding the script name and setting up
3943 * fdscript/suidscript. Note that suidperl does not get around to
3944 * parsing (and checking) the switches on the #! line, but checks that
3945 * the two sets are identical.
3947 * With SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW, could we use fdscript, also or
3948 * instead, or would that be "too late"? (We never have suidscript, can
3949 * we be sure to have fdscript?)
3951 * Catch things with suidscript (in descendant of suidperl), even with
3952 * right UID/GID. Was already checked in suidperl, with #ifdef IAMSUID,
3953 * below; but I am paranoid.
3955 * Also see comments about root running a setuid script, elsewhere.
3957 if (PL_suidscript >= 0)
3958 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed with (suid) fdscript", s);
3960 /* PSz 11 Nov 03 Catch it in suidperl, always! */
3961 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed in suidperl", s);
3962 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3966 Perl_init_debugger(pTHX)
3968 HV *ostash = PL_curstash;
3970 PL_curstash = PL_debstash;
3971 PL_dbargs = GvAV(gv_AVadd((gv_fetchpv("DB::args", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVAV))));
3972 AvREAL_off(PL_dbargs);
3973 PL_DBgv = gv_fetchpv("DB::DB", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVGV);
3974 PL_DBline = gv_fetchpv("DB::dbline", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVAV);
3975 PL_DBsub = gv_HVadd(gv_fetchpv("DB::sub", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
3976 PL_DBsingle = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("DB::single", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
3977 sv_setiv(PL_DBsingle, 0);
3978 PL_DBtrace = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("DB::trace", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
3979 sv_setiv(PL_DBtrace, 0);
3980 PL_DBsignal = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("DB::signal", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
3981 sv_setiv(PL_DBsignal, 0);
3982 PL_DBassertion = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("DB::assertion", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
3983 sv_setiv(PL_DBassertion, 0);
3984 PL_curstash = ostash;
3987 #ifndef STRESS_REALLOC
3988 #define REASONABLE(size) (size)
3990 #define REASONABLE(size) (1) /* unreasonable */
3994 Perl_init_stacks(pTHX)
3996 /* start with 128-item stack and 8K cxstack */
3997 PL_curstackinfo = new_stackinfo(REASONABLE(128),
3998 REASONABLE(8192/sizeof(PERL_CONTEXT) - 1));
3999 PL_curstackinfo->si_type = PERLSI_MAIN;
4000 PL_curstack = PL_curstackinfo->si_stack;
4001 PL_mainstack = PL_curstack; /* remember in case we switch stacks */
4003 PL_stack_base = AvARRAY(PL_curstack);
4004 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base;
4005 PL_stack_max = PL_stack_base + AvMAX(PL_curstack);
4007 New(50,PL_tmps_stack,REASONABLE(128),SV*);
4010 PL_tmps_max = REASONABLE(128);
4012 New(54,PL_markstack,REASONABLE(32),I32);
4013 PL_markstack_ptr = PL_markstack;
4014 PL_markstack_max = PL_markstack + REASONABLE(32);
4018 New(54,PL_scopestack,REASONABLE(32),I32);
4019 PL_scopestack_ix = 0;
4020 PL_scopestack_max = REASONABLE(32);
4022 New(54,PL_savestack,REASONABLE(128),ANY);
4023 PL_savestack_ix = 0;
4024 PL_savestack_max = REASONABLE(128);
4032 while (PL_curstackinfo->si_next)
4033 PL_curstackinfo = PL_curstackinfo->si_next;
4034 while (PL_curstackinfo) {
4035 PERL_SI *p = PL_curstackinfo->si_prev;
4036 /* curstackinfo->si_stack got nuked by sv_free_arenas() */
4037 Safefree(PL_curstackinfo->si_cxstack);
4038 Safefree(PL_curstackinfo);
4039 PL_curstackinfo = p;
4041 Safefree(PL_tmps_stack);
4042 Safefree(PL_markstack);
4043 Safefree(PL_scopestack);
4044 Safefree(PL_savestack);
4053 lex_start(PL_linestr);
4055 PL_subname = newSVpvn("main",4);
4059 S_init_predump_symbols(pTHX)
4064 sv_setpvn(get_sv("\"", TRUE), " ", 1);
4065 PL_stdingv = gv_fetchpv("STDIN",TRUE, SVt_PVIO);
4066 GvMULTI_on(PL_stdingv);
4067 io = GvIOp(PL_stdingv);
4068 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_RDONLY;
4069 IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stdin();
4070 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("stdin",TRUE, SVt_PV);
4072 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc(io);
4074 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("STDOUT",TRUE, SVt_PVIO);
4077 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_WRONLY;
4078 IoOFP(io) = IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stdout();
4080 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("stdout",TRUE, SVt_PV);
4082 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc(io);
4084 PL_stderrgv = gv_fetchpv("STDERR",TRUE, SVt_PVIO);
4085 GvMULTI_on(PL_stderrgv);
4086 io = GvIOp(PL_stderrgv);
4087 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_WRONLY;
4088 IoOFP(io) = IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stderr();
4089 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("stderr",TRUE, SVt_PV);
4091 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc(io);
4093 PL_statname = NEWSV(66,0); /* last filename we did stat on */
4096 Safefree(PL_osname);
4097 PL_osname = savepv(OSNAME);
4101 Perl_init_argv_symbols(pTHX_ register int argc, register char **argv)
4104 argc--,argv++; /* skip name of script */
4105 if (PL_doswitches) {
4106 for (; argc > 0 && **argv == '-'; argc--,argv++) {
4109 if (argv[0][1] == '-' && !argv[0][2]) {
4113 if ((s = strchr(argv[0], '='))) {
4115 sv_setpv(GvSV(gv_fetchpv(argv[0]+1,TRUE, SVt_PV)),s);
4118 sv_setiv(GvSV(gv_fetchpv(argv[0]+1,TRUE, SVt_PV)),1);
4121 if ((PL_argvgv = gv_fetchpv("ARGV",TRUE, SVt_PVAV))) {
4122 GvMULTI_on(PL_argvgv);
4123 (void)gv_AVadd(PL_argvgv);
4124 av_clear(GvAVn(PL_argvgv));
4125 for (; argc > 0; argc--,argv++) {
4126 SV *sv = newSVpv(argv[0],0);
4127 av_push(GvAVn(PL_argvgv),sv);
4128 if (!(PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_LOCALE_FLAG) || PL_utf8locale) {
4129 if (PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_ARGV_FLAG)
4132 if (PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_WIDESYSCALLS_FLAG) /* Sarathy? */
4133 (void)sv_utf8_decode(sv);
4139 S_init_postdump_symbols(pTHX_ register int argc, register char **argv, register char **env)
4144 PL_toptarget = NEWSV(0,0);
4145 sv_upgrade(PL_toptarget, SVt_PVFM);
4146 sv_setpvn(PL_toptarget, "", 0);
4147 PL_bodytarget = NEWSV(0,0);
4148 sv_upgrade(PL_bodytarget, SVt_PVFM);
4149 sv_setpvn(PL_bodytarget, "", 0);
4150 PL_formtarget = PL_bodytarget;
4154 init_argv_symbols(argc,argv);
4156 if ((tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("0",TRUE, SVt_PV))) {
4157 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4158 /* $0 is not majick on a Mac */
4159 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv),MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
4161 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv),PL_origfilename);
4162 magicname("0", "0", 1);
4165 if ((PL_envgv = gv_fetchpv("ENV",TRUE, SVt_PVHV))) {
4167 GvMULTI_on(PL_envgv);
4168 hv = GvHVn(PL_envgv);
4169 hv_magic(hv, Nullgv, PERL_MAGIC_env);
4171 #ifdef USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY
4172 /* Note that if the supplied env parameter is actually a copy
4173 of the global environ then it may now point to free'd memory
4174 if the environment has been modified since. To avoid this
4175 problem we treat env==NULL as meaning 'use the default'
4180 # ifdef USE_ITHREADS
4181 && PL_curinterp == aTHX
4185 environ[0] = Nullch;
4188 char** origenv = environ;
4191 for (; *env; env++) {
4192 if (!(s = strchr(*env,'=')) || s == *env)
4194 #if defined(MSDOS) && !defined(DJGPP)
4199 sv = newSVpv(s+1, 0);
4200 (void)hv_store(hv, *env, s - *env, sv, 0);
4203 if (origenv != environ) {
4204 /* realloc has shifted us */
4205 env = (env - origenv) + environ;
4210 #endif /* USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY */
4211 #endif /* !PERL_MICRO */
4214 if ((tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("$",TRUE, SVt_PV))) {
4215 SvREADONLY_off(GvSV(tmpgv));
4216 sv_setiv(GvSV(tmpgv), (IV)PerlProc_getpid());
4217 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(tmpgv));
4219 #ifdef THREADS_HAVE_PIDS
4220 PL_ppid = (IV)getppid();
4223 /* touch @F array to prevent spurious warnings 20020415 MJD */
4225 (void) get_av("main::F", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4227 /* touch @- and @+ arrays to prevent spurious warnings 20020415 MJD */
4228 (void) get_av("main::-", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4229 (void) get_av("main::+", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4233 S_init_perllib(pTHX)
4238 s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL5LIB");
4240 incpush(s, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE);
4242 incpush(PerlEnv_getenv("PERLLIB"), FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4244 /* Treat PERL5?LIB as a possible search list logical name -- the
4245 * "natural" VMS idiom for a Unix path string. We allow each
4246 * element to be a set of |-separated directories for compatibility.
4250 if (my_trnlnm("PERL5LIB",buf,0))
4251 do { incpush(buf,TRUE,TRUE,TRUE,FALSE); } while (my_trnlnm("PERL5LIB",buf,++idx));
4253 while (my_trnlnm("PERLLIB",buf,idx++)) incpush(buf,FALSE,FALSE,TRUE,FALSE);
4257 /* Use the ~-expanded versions of APPLLIB (undocumented),
4258 ARCHLIB PRIVLIB SITEARCH SITELIB VENDORARCH and VENDORLIB
4261 incpush(APPLLIB_EXP, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4265 incpush(ARCHLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4267 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4270 SV * privdir = NEWSV(55, 0);
4271 char * macperl = PerlEnv_getenv("MACPERL");
4276 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ privdir, "%slib:", macperl);
4277 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(privdir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 && S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode))
4278 incpush(SvPVX(privdir), TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4279 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ privdir, "%ssite_perl:", macperl);
4280 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(privdir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 && S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode))
4281 incpush(SvPVX(privdir), TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4283 SvREFCNT_dec(privdir);
4286 incpush(":", FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4289 # define PRIVLIB_EXP "/usr/local/lib/perl5:/usr/local/lib/perl"
4292 incpush(PRIVLIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4294 incpush(PRIVLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4298 /* sitearch is always relative to sitelib on Windows for
4299 * DLL-based path intuition to work correctly */
4300 # if !defined(WIN32)
4301 incpush(SITEARCH_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4307 /* this picks up sitearch as well */
4308 incpush(SITELIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4310 incpush(SITELIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4314 #ifdef SITELIB_STEM /* Search for version-specific dirs below here */
4315 incpush(SITELIB_STEM, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4318 #ifdef PERL_VENDORARCH_EXP
4319 /* vendorarch is always relative to vendorlib on Windows for
4320 * DLL-based path intuition to work correctly */
4321 # if !defined(WIN32)
4322 incpush(PERL_VENDORARCH_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4326 #ifdef PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP
4328 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE); /* this picks up vendorarch as well */
4330 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4334 #ifdef PERL_VENDORLIB_STEM /* Search for version-specific dirs below here */
4335 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_STEM, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4338 #ifdef PERL_OTHERLIBDIRS
4339 incpush(PERL_OTHERLIBDIRS, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4343 incpush(".", FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4344 #endif /* MACOS_TRADITIONAL */
4347 #if defined(DOSISH) || defined(EPOC) || defined(SYMBIAN)
4348 # define PERLLIB_SEP ';'
4351 # define PERLLIB_SEP '|'
4353 # if defined(MACOS_TRADITIONAL)
4354 # define PERLLIB_SEP ','
4356 # define PERLLIB_SEP ':'
4360 #ifndef PERLLIB_MANGLE
4361 # define PERLLIB_MANGLE(s,n) (s)
4364 /* Push a directory onto @INC if it exists.
4365 Generate a new SV if we do this, to save needing to copy the SV we push
4368 S_incpush_if_exists(pTHX_ SV *dir)
4371 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX_const(dir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 &&
4372 S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode)) {
4373 av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), dir);
4380 S_incpush(pTHX_ const char *dir, bool addsubdirs, bool addoldvers, bool usesep,
4383 SV *subdir = Nullsv;
4384 const char *p = dir;
4389 if (addsubdirs || addoldvers) {
4390 subdir = NEWSV(0,0);
4393 /* Break at all separators */
4395 SV *libdir = NEWSV(55,0);
4398 /* skip any consecutive separators */
4400 while ( *p == PERLLIB_SEP ) {
4401 /* Uncomment the next line for PATH semantics */
4402 /* av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), newSVpvn(".", 1)); */
4407 if ( usesep && (s = strchr(p, PERLLIB_SEP)) != Nullch ) {
4408 sv_setpvn(libdir, PERLLIB_MANGLE(p, (STRLEN)(s - p)),
4413 sv_setpv(libdir, PERLLIB_MANGLE(p, 0));
4414 p = Nullch; /* break out */
4416 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4417 if (!strchr(SvPVX(libdir), ':')) {
4420 sv_setpv(libdir, MacPerl_CanonDir(SvPVX(libdir), buf, 0));
4422 if (SvPVX(libdir)[SvCUR(libdir)-1] != ':')
4423 sv_catpv(libdir, ":");
4426 /* Do the if() outside the #ifdef to avoid warnings about an unused
4429 #ifdef PERL_RELOCATABLE_INC
4431 * Relocatable include entries are marked with a leading .../
4434 * 0: Remove that leading ".../"
4435 * 1: Remove trailing executable name (anything after the last '/')
4436 * from the perl path to give a perl prefix
4438 * While the @INC element starts "../" and the prefix ends with a real
4439 * directory (ie not . or ..) chop that real directory off the prefix
4440 * and the leading "../" from the @INC element. ie a logical "../"
4442 * Finally concatenate the prefix and the remainder of the @INC element
4443 * The intent is that /usr/local/bin/perl and .../../lib/perl5
4444 * generates /usr/local/lib/perl5
4446 char *libpath = SvPVX(libdir);
4447 STRLEN libpath_len = SvCUR(libdir);
4448 if (libpath_len >= 4 && memEQ (libpath, ".../", 4)) {
4450 SV *caret_X = get_sv("\030", 0);
4451 /* Going to use the SV just as a scratch buffer holding a C
4457 /* $^X is *the* source of taint if tainting is on, hence
4458 SvPOK() won't be true. */
4460 assert(SvPOKp(caret_X));
4461 prefix_sv = newSVpvn(SvPVX(caret_X), SvCUR(caret_X));
4462 /* Firstly take off the leading .../
4463 If all else fail we'll do the paths relative to the current
4465 sv_chop(libdir, libpath + 4);
4466 /* Don't use SvPV as we're intentionally bypassing taining,
4467 mortal copies that the mg_get of tainting creates, and
4468 corruption that seems to come via the save stack.
4469 I guess that the save stack isn't correctly set up yet. */
4470 libpath = SvPVX(libdir);
4471 libpath_len = SvCUR(libdir);
4473 /* This would work more efficiently with memrchr, but as it's
4474 only a GNU extension we'd need to probe for it and
4475 implement our own. Not hard, but maybe not worth it? */
4477 prefix = SvPVX(prefix_sv);
4478 lastslash = strrchr(prefix, '/');
4480 /* First time in with the *lastslash = '\0' we just wipe off
4481 the trailing /perl from (say) /usr/foo/bin/perl
4485 while ((*lastslash = '\0'), /* Do that, come what may. */
4486 (libpath_len >= 3 && memEQ(libpath, "../", 3)
4487 && (lastslash = strrchr(prefix, '/')))) {
4488 if (lastslash[1] == '\0'
4489 || (lastslash[1] == '.'
4490 && (lastslash[2] == '/' /* ends "/." */
4491 || (lastslash[2] == '/'
4492 && lastslash[3] == '/' /* or "/.." */
4494 /* Prefix ends "/" or "/." or "/..", any of which
4495 are fishy, so don't do any more logical cleanup.
4499 /* Remove leading "../" from path */
4502 /* Next iteration round the loop removes the last
4503 directory name from prefix by writing a '\0' in
4504 the while clause. */
4506 /* prefix has been terminated with a '\0' to the correct
4507 length. libpath points somewhere into the libdir SV.
4508 We need to join the 2 with '/' and drop the result into
4510 tempsv = Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "%s/%s", prefix, libpath);
4511 SvREFCNT_dec(libdir);
4512 /* And this is the new libdir. */
4515 (PL_uid != PL_euid || PL_gid != PL_egid)) {
4516 /* Need to taint reloccated paths if running set ID */
4517 SvTAINTED_on(libdir);
4520 SvREFCNT_dec(prefix_sv);
4525 * BEFORE pushing libdir onto @INC we may first push version- and
4526 * archname-specific sub-directories.
4528 if (addsubdirs || addoldvers) {
4529 #ifdef PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST
4530 /* Configure terminates PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST with a NULL */
4531 const char *incverlist[] = { PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST };
4532 const char **incver;
4538 if ((unix = tounixspec_ts(SvPV(libdir,len),Nullch)) != Nullch) {
4540 while (unix[len-1] == '/') len--; /* Cosmetic */
4541 sv_usepvn(libdir,unix,len);
4544 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log,
4545 "Failed to unixify @INC element \"%s\"\n",
4549 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4550 #define PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT ""
4551 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT "%s:"
4552 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_FS_VER_FMT PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT
4554 #define PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT "/"
4555 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT "/%s"
4556 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT PERL_FS_VER_FMT
4558 /* .../version/archname if -d .../version/archname */
4559 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_ARCH_FMT,
4561 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
4562 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION, ARCHNAME);
4563 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
4565 /* .../version if -d .../version */
4566 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH, libdir,
4567 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
4568 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION);
4569 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
4571 /* .../archname if -d .../archname */
4572 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT, libdir, ARCHNAME);
4573 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
4577 #ifdef PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST
4579 for (incver = incverlist; *incver; incver++) {
4580 /* .../xxx if -d .../xxx */
4581 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT, libdir, *incver);
4582 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
4588 /* finally push this lib directory on the end of @INC */
4589 av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), libdir);
4592 assert (SvREFCNT(subdir) == 1);
4593 SvREFCNT_dec(subdir);
4597 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
4598 STATIC struct perl_thread *
4599 S_init_main_thread(pTHX)
4601 #if !defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
4602 struct perl_thread *thr;
4606 Newz(53, thr, 1, struct perl_thread);
4607 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
4608 thr->interp = PERL_GET_INTERP;
4609 thr->cvcache = newHV();
4610 thr->threadsv = newAV();
4611 /* thr->threadsvp is set when find_threadsv is called */
4612 thr->specific = newAV();
4613 thr->flags = THRf_R_JOINABLE;
4614 MUTEX_INIT(&thr->mutex);
4615 /* Handcraft thrsv similarly to mess_sv */
4616 New(53, PL_thrsv, 1, SV);
4617 Newz(53, xpv, 1, XPV);
4618 SvFLAGS(PL_thrsv) = SVt_PV;
4619 SvANY(PL_thrsv) = (void*)xpv;
4620 SvREFCNT(PL_thrsv) = 1 << 30; /* practically infinite */
4621 SvPV_set(PL_thrsvr, (char*)thr);
4622 SvCUR_set(PL_thrsv, sizeof(thr));
4623 SvLEN_set(PL_thrsv, sizeof(thr));
4624 *SvEND(PL_thrsv) = '\0'; /* in the trailing_nul field */
4625 thr->oursv = PL_thrsv;
4626 PL_chopset = " \n-";
4629 MUTEX_LOCK(&PL_threads_mutex);
4635 MUTEX_UNLOCK(&PL_threads_mutex);
4637 #ifdef HAVE_THREAD_INTERN
4638 Perl_init_thread_intern(thr);
4641 #ifdef SET_THREAD_SELF
4642 SET_THREAD_SELF(thr);
4644 thr->self = pthread_self();
4645 #endif /* SET_THREAD_SELF */
4649 * These must come after the thread self setting
4650 * because sv_setpvn does SvTAINT and the taint
4651 * fields thread selfness being set.
4653 PL_toptarget = NEWSV(0,0);
4654 sv_upgrade(PL_toptarget, SVt_PVFM);
4655 sv_setpvn(PL_toptarget, "", 0);
4656 PL_bodytarget = NEWSV(0,0);
4657 sv_upgrade(PL_bodytarget, SVt_PVFM);
4658 sv_setpvn(PL_bodytarget, "", 0);
4659 PL_formtarget = PL_bodytarget;
4660 thr->errsv = newSVpvn("", 0);
4661 (void) find_threadsv("@"); /* Ensure $@ is initialised early */
4664 PL_peepp = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_peep);
4665 PL_regcompp = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_pregcomp);
4666 PL_regexecp = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_regexec_flags);
4667 PL_regint_start = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_re_intuit_start);
4668 PL_regint_string = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_re_intuit_string);
4669 PL_regfree = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_pregfree);
4671 PL_reginterp_cnt = 0;
4675 #endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
4678 Perl_call_list(pTHX_ I32 oldscope, AV *paramList)
4682 const line_t oldline = CopLINE(PL_curcop);
4688 while (av_len(paramList) >= 0) {
4689 cv = (CV*)av_shift(paramList);
4691 if (paramList == PL_beginav) {
4692 /* save PL_beginav for compiler */
4693 if (! PL_beginav_save)
4694 PL_beginav_save = newAV();
4695 av_push(PL_beginav_save, (SV*)cv);
4697 else if (paramList == PL_checkav) {
4698 /* save PL_checkav for compiler */
4699 if (! PL_checkav_save)
4700 PL_checkav_save = newAV();
4701 av_push(PL_checkav_save, (SV*)cv);
4711 (void)SvPV_const(atsv, len);
4713 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
4714 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
4715 if (paramList == PL_beginav)
4716 sv_catpv(atsv, "BEGIN failed--compilation aborted");
4718 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ atsv,
4719 "%s failed--call queue aborted",
4720 paramList == PL_checkav ? "CHECK"
4721 : paramList == PL_initav ? "INIT"
4723 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
4726 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%"SVf"", atsv);
4733 /* my_exit() was called */
4734 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
4737 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
4738 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
4739 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
4741 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED)) {
4742 if (paramList == PL_beginav)
4743 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "BEGIN failed--compilation aborted");
4745 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s failed--call queue aborted",
4746 paramList == PL_checkav ? "CHECK"
4747 : paramList == PL_initav ? "INIT"
4754 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
4755 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
4758 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: restartop\n");
4767 S_call_list_body(pTHX_ CV *cv)
4769 PUSHMARK(PL_stack_sp);
4770 call_sv((SV*)cv, G_EVAL|G_DISCARD);
4775 Perl_my_exit(pTHX_ U32 status)
4777 DEBUG_S(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "my_exit: thread %p, status %lu\n",
4778 thr, (unsigned long) status));
4787 STATUS_NATIVE_SET(status);
4794 Perl_my_failure_exit(pTHX)
4797 if (vaxc$errno & 1) {
4798 if (STATUS_NATIVE & 1) /* fortuitiously includes "-1" */
4799 STATUS_NATIVE_SET(44);
4802 if (!vaxc$errno) /* unlikely */
4803 STATUS_NATIVE_SET(44);
4805 STATUS_NATIVE_SET(vaxc$errno);
4810 STATUS_UNIX_SET(errno);
4812 exitstatus = STATUS_UNIX >> 8;
4813 if (exitstatus & 255)
4814 STATUS_UNIX_SET(exitstatus);
4816 STATUS_UNIX_SET(255);
4823 S_my_exit_jump(pTHX)
4826 register PERL_CONTEXT *cx;
4831 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
4832 PL_e_script = Nullsv;
4835 POPSTACK_TO(PL_mainstack);
4836 if (cxstack_ix >= 0) {
4839 POPBLOCK(cx,PL_curpm);
4847 read_e_script(pTHX_ int idx, SV *buf_sv, int maxlen)
4853 p = SvPVX_const(PL_e_script);
4854 nl = strchr(p, '\n');
4855 nl = (nl) ? nl+1 : SvEND(PL_e_script);
4857 filter_del(read_e_script);
4860 sv_catpvn(buf_sv, p, nl-p);
4861 sv_chop(PL_e_script, nl);
4867 * c-indentation-style: bsd
4869 * indent-tabs-mode: t
4872 * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 noet: