3 * Copyright (C) 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
4 * 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * "A ship then new they built for him/of mithril and of elven glass" --Bilbo
15 /* This file contains the top-level functions that are used to create, use
16 * and destroy a perl interpreter, plus the functions used by XS code to
17 * call back into perl. Note that it does not contain the actual main()
18 * function of the interpreter; that can be found in perlmain.c
23 * Be proud that perl(1) may proclaim:
24 * Setuid Perl scripts are safer than C programs ...
25 * Do not abandon (deprecate) suidperl. Do not advocate C wrappers.
27 * The flow was: perl starts, notices script is suid, execs suidperl with same
28 * arguments; suidperl opens script, checks many things, sets itself with
29 * right UID, execs perl with similar arguments but with script pre-opened on
30 * /dev/fd/xxx; perl checks script is as should be and does work. This was
31 * insecure: see perlsec(1) for many problems with this approach.
33 * The "correct" flow should be: perl starts, opens script and notices it is
34 * suid, checks many things, execs suidperl with similar arguments but with
35 * script on /dev/fd/xxx; suidperl checks script and /dev/fd/xxx object are
36 * same, checks arguments match #! line, sets itself with right UID, execs
37 * perl with same arguments; perl checks many things and does work.
39 * (Opening the script in perl instead of suidperl, we "lose" scripts that
40 * are readable to the target UID but not to the invoker. Where did
41 * unreadable scripts work anyway?)
43 * For now, suidperl and perl are pretty much the same large and cumbersome
44 * program, so suidperl can check its argument list (see comments elsewhere).
47 * Original bug report:
48 * http://bugs.perl.org/index.html?req=bug_id&bug_id=20010322.218
49 * http://rt.perl.org/rt2/Ticket/Display.html?id=6511
50 * Comments and discussion with Debian:
51 * http://bugs.debian.org/203426
52 * http://bugs.debian.org/220486
53 * Debian Security Advisory DSA 431-1 (does not fully fix problem):
54 * http://www.debian.org/security/2004/dsa-431
56 * http://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CAN-2003-0618
57 * Previous versions of this patch sent to perl5-porters:
58 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg71953.html
59 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75245.html
60 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75563.html
61 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75635.html
63 Paul Szabo - psz@maths.usyd.edu.au http://www.maths.usyd.edu.au:8000/u/psz/
64 School of Mathematics and Statistics University of Sydney 2006 Australia
68 * Use truthful, neat, specific error messages.
69 * Cannot always hide the truth; security must not depend on doing so.
73 * Use global(?), thread-local fdscript for easier checks.
74 * (I do not understand how we could possibly get a thread race:
75 * do not all threads go through the same initialization? Or in
76 * fact, are not threads started only after we get the script and
77 * so know what to do? Oh well, make things super-safe...)
81 #define PERL_IN_PERL_C
83 #include "patchlevel.h" /* for local_patches */
87 char *nw_get_sitelib(const char *pl);
90 /* XXX If this causes problems, set i_unistd=undef in the hint file. */
107 #if !defined(STANDARD_C) && !defined(HAS_GETENV_PROTOTYPE) && !defined(PERL_MICRO)
108 char *getenv (char *); /* Usually in <stdlib.h> */
111 static I32 read_e_script(pTHX_ int idx, SV *buf_sv, int maxlen);
119 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
125 #if defined(USE_ITHREADS)
126 # define INIT_TLS_AND_INTERP \
128 if (!PL_curinterp) { \
129 PERL_SET_INTERP(my_perl); \
132 PERL_SET_THX(my_perl); \
134 MUTEX_INIT(&PL_dollarzero_mutex); \
137 PERL_SET_THX(my_perl); \
141 # define INIT_TLS_AND_INTERP \
143 if (!PL_curinterp) { \
144 PERL_SET_INTERP(my_perl); \
146 PERL_SET_THX(my_perl); \
150 #ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
152 perl_alloc_using(struct IPerlMem* ipM, struct IPerlMem* ipMS,
153 struct IPerlMem* ipMP, struct IPerlEnv* ipE,
154 struct IPerlStdIO* ipStd, struct IPerlLIO* ipLIO,
155 struct IPerlDir* ipD, struct IPerlSock* ipS,
156 struct IPerlProc* ipP)
158 PerlInterpreter *my_perl;
159 /* New() needs interpreter, so call malloc() instead */
160 my_perl = (PerlInterpreter*)(*ipM->pMalloc)(ipM, sizeof(PerlInterpreter));
162 Zero(my_perl, 1, PerlInterpreter);
178 =head1 Embedding Functions
180 =for apidoc perl_alloc
182 Allocates a new Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
190 PerlInterpreter *my_perl;
191 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
195 /* New() needs interpreter, so call malloc() instead */
196 my_perl = (PerlInterpreter*)PerlMem_malloc(sizeof(PerlInterpreter));
199 return ZeroD(my_perl, 1, PerlInterpreter);
201 #endif /* PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS */
204 =for apidoc perl_construct
206 Initializes a new Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
212 perl_construct(pTHXx)
216 PL_perl_destruct_level = 1;
218 if (PL_perl_destruct_level > 0)
221 /* Init the real globals (and main thread)? */
223 #ifdef PERL_FLEXIBLE_EXCEPTIONS
224 PL_protect = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_default_protect); /* for exceptions */
227 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling; /* needed by ckWARN, right away */
229 PL_linestr = NEWSV(65,79);
230 sv_upgrade(PL_linestr,SVt_PVIV);
232 if (!SvREADONLY(&PL_sv_undef)) {
233 /* set read-only and try to insure than we wont see REFCNT==0
236 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_undef);
237 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_undef) = (~(U32)0)/2;
239 sv_setpv(&PL_sv_no,PL_No);
240 /* value lookup in void context - happens to have the side effect
241 of caching the numeric forms. */
244 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_no);
245 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_no) = (~(U32)0)/2;
247 sv_setpv(&PL_sv_yes,PL_Yes);
250 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_yes);
251 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_yes) = (~(U32)0)/2;
253 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_placeholder);
254 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_placeholder) = (~(U32)0)/2;
257 PL_sighandlerp = Perl_sighandler;
258 PL_pidstatus = newHV();
261 PL_rs = newSVpvn("\n", 1);
266 PL_lex_state = LEX_NOTPARSING;
272 SET_NUMERIC_STANDARD();
274 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
275 PL_localpatches = local_patches; /* For possible -v */
278 #ifdef HAVE_INTERP_INTERN
282 PerlIO_init(aTHX); /* Hook to IO system */
284 PL_fdpid = newAV(); /* for remembering popen pids by fd */
285 PL_modglobal = newHV(); /* pointers to per-interpreter module globals */
286 PL_errors = newSVpvn("",0);
287 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(0), "", 0); /* For regex debugging. */
288 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(1), "", 0); /* ext/re needs these */
289 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(2), "", 0); /* even without DEBUGGING. */
291 PL_regex_padav = newAV();
292 av_push(PL_regex_padav,(SV*)newAV()); /* First entry is an array of empty elements */
293 PL_regex_pad = AvARRAY(PL_regex_padav);
295 #ifdef USE_REENTRANT_API
296 Perl_reentrant_init(aTHX);
299 /* Note that strtab is a rather special HV. Assumptions are made
300 about not iterating on it, and not adding tie magic to it.
301 It is properly deallocated in perl_destruct() */
304 HvSHAREKEYS_off(PL_strtab); /* mandatory */
305 hv_ksplit(PL_strtab, 512);
307 #if defined(__DYNAMIC__) && (defined(NeXT) || defined(__NeXT__))
308 _dyld_lookup_and_bind
309 ("__environ", (unsigned long *) &environ_pointer, NULL);
313 # ifdef USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY
314 PL_origenviron = environ;
318 /* Use sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK) if available, if not
319 * available or if the sysconf() fails, use the HZ.
320 * BeOS has those, but returns the wrong value. */
321 #if defined(HAS_SYSCONF) && defined(_SC_CLK_TCK) && !defined(__BEOS__)
322 PL_clocktick = sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK);
323 if (PL_clocktick <= 0)
327 PL_stashcache = newHV();
329 PL_patchlevel = newSVpv(
330 Perl_form(aTHX_ "%d.%d.%d",
333 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION ), 0
340 =for apidoc nothreadhook
342 Stub that provides thread hook for perl_destruct when there are
349 Perl_nothreadhook(pTHX)
355 =for apidoc perl_destruct
357 Shuts down a Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
365 volatile int destruct_level; /* 0=none, 1=full, 2=full with checks */
367 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
369 #endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
371 /* wait for all pseudo-forked children to finish */
372 PERL_WAIT_FOR_CHILDREN;
374 destruct_level = PL_perl_destruct_level;
378 if ((s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL"))) {
380 if (destruct_level < i)
387 if(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_DESTRUCT_END) {
392 if (PL_endav && !PL_minus_c)
393 call_list(PL_scopestack_ix, PL_endav);
399 /* Need to flush since END blocks can produce output */
402 if (CALL_FPTR(PL_threadhook)(aTHX)) {
403 /* Threads hook has vetoed further cleanup */
404 return STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
407 /* We must account for everything. */
409 /* Destroy the main CV and syntax tree */
411 /* ensure comppad/curpad to refer to main's pad */
412 if (CvPADLIST(PL_main_cv)) {
413 PAD_SET_CUR_NOSAVE(CvPADLIST(PL_main_cv), 1);
415 op_free(PL_main_root);
416 PL_main_root = Nullop;
418 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
419 PL_main_start = Nullop;
420 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_main_cv);
424 /* Tell PerlIO we are about to tear things apart in case
425 we have layers which are using resources that should
429 PerlIO_destruct(aTHX);
431 if (PL_sv_objcount) {
433 * Try to destruct global references. We do this first so that the
434 * destructors and destructees still exist. Some sv's might remain.
435 * Non-referenced objects are on their own.
441 /* unhook hooks which will soon be, or use, destroyed data */
442 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_warnhook);
443 PL_warnhook = Nullsv;
444 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_diehook);
447 /* call exit list functions */
448 while (PL_exitlistlen-- > 0)
449 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].fn(aTHX_ PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].ptr);
451 Safefree(PL_exitlist);
456 if (destruct_level == 0){
458 DEBUG_P(debprofdump());
460 #if defined(PERLIO_LAYERS)
461 /* No more IO - including error messages ! */
462 PerlIO_cleanup(aTHX);
465 /* The exit() function will do everything that needs doing. */
466 return STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
469 /* jettison our possibly duplicated environment */
470 /* if PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV is defined environ will not have been copied
471 * so we certainly shouldn't free it here
474 #if defined(USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY) && !defined(PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV)
475 if (environ != PL_origenviron && !PL_use_safe_putenv
477 /* only main thread can free environ[0] contents */
478 && PL_curinterp == aTHX
484 for (i = 0; environ[i]; i++)
485 safesysfree(environ[i]);
487 /* Must use safesysfree() when working with environ. */
488 safesysfree(environ);
490 environ = PL_origenviron;
493 #endif /* !PERL_MICRO */
495 /* reset so print() ends up where we expect */
499 /* the syntax tree is shared between clones
500 * so op_free(PL_main_root) only ReREFCNT_dec's
501 * REGEXPs in the parent interpreter
502 * we need to manually ReREFCNT_dec for the clones
505 I32 i = AvFILLp(PL_regex_padav) + 1;
506 SV **ary = AvARRAY(PL_regex_padav);
510 REGEXP *re = INT2PTR(REGEXP *,SvIVX(resv));
512 if (SvFLAGS(resv) & SVf_BREAK) {
513 /* this is PL_reg_curpm, already freed
514 * flag is set in regexec.c:S_regtry
516 SvFLAGS(resv) &= ~SVf_BREAK;
518 else if(SvREPADTMP(resv)) {
519 SvREPADTMP_off(resv);
526 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_regex_padav);
527 PL_regex_padav = Nullav;
531 SvREFCNT_dec((SV*) PL_stashcache);
532 PL_stashcache = NULL;
534 /* loosen bonds of global variables */
537 (void)PerlIO_close(PL_rsfp);
541 /* Filters for program text */
542 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rsfp_filters);
543 PL_rsfp_filters = Nullav;
546 PL_preprocess = FALSE;
552 PL_doswitches = FALSE;
553 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_OFF;
554 PL_doextract = FALSE;
555 PL_sawampersand = FALSE; /* must save all match strings */
558 Safefree(PL_inplace);
560 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_patchlevel);
563 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
564 PL_e_script = Nullsv;
569 /* magical thingies */
571 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ofs_sv); /* $, */
574 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ors_sv); /* $\ */
577 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rs); /* $/ */
580 PL_multiline = 0; /* $* */
581 Safefree(PL_osname); /* $^O */
584 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_statname);
585 PL_statname = Nullsv;
588 /* defgv, aka *_ should be taken care of elsewhere */
590 /* clean up after study() */
591 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_lastscream);
592 PL_lastscream = Nullsv;
593 Safefree(PL_screamfirst);
595 Safefree(PL_screamnext);
599 Safefree(PL_efloatbuf);
600 PL_efloatbuf = Nullch;
603 /* startup and shutdown function lists */
604 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_beginav);
605 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_beginav_save);
606 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_endav);
607 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_checkav);
608 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_checkav_save);
609 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_initav);
611 PL_beginav_save = Nullav;
614 PL_checkav_save = Nullav;
617 /* shortcuts just get cleared */
623 PL_argvoutgv = Nullgv;
625 PL_stderrgv = Nullgv;
626 PL_last_in_gv = Nullgv;
631 PL_DBsingle = Nullsv;
633 PL_DBsignal = Nullsv;
634 PL_DBassertion = Nullsv;
637 PL_debstash = Nullhv;
639 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_argvout_stack);
640 PL_argvout_stack = Nullav;
642 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_modglobal);
643 PL_modglobal = Nullhv;
644 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_preambleav);
645 PL_preambleav = Nullav;
646 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_subname);
648 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_linestr);
650 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_pidstatus);
651 PL_pidstatus = Nullhv;
652 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_toptarget);
653 PL_toptarget = Nullsv;
654 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_bodytarget);
655 PL_bodytarget = Nullsv;
656 PL_formtarget = Nullsv;
658 /* free locale stuff */
659 #ifdef USE_LOCALE_COLLATE
660 Safefree(PL_collation_name);
661 PL_collation_name = Nullch;
664 #ifdef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC
665 Safefree(PL_numeric_name);
666 PL_numeric_name = Nullch;
667 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_numeric_radix_sv);
668 PL_numeric_radix_sv = Nullsv;
671 /* clear utf8 character classes */
672 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alnum);
673 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alnumc);
674 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_ascii);
675 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alpha);
676 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_space);
677 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_cntrl);
678 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_graph);
679 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_digit);
680 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_upper);
681 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_lower);
682 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_print);
683 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_punct);
684 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_xdigit);
685 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_mark);
686 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_toupper);
687 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_totitle);
688 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_tolower);
689 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_tofold);
690 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_idstart);
691 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_idcont);
692 PL_utf8_alnum = Nullsv;
693 PL_utf8_alnumc = Nullsv;
694 PL_utf8_ascii = Nullsv;
695 PL_utf8_alpha = Nullsv;
696 PL_utf8_space = Nullsv;
697 PL_utf8_cntrl = Nullsv;
698 PL_utf8_graph = Nullsv;
699 PL_utf8_digit = Nullsv;
700 PL_utf8_upper = Nullsv;
701 PL_utf8_lower = Nullsv;
702 PL_utf8_print = Nullsv;
703 PL_utf8_punct = Nullsv;
704 PL_utf8_xdigit = Nullsv;
705 PL_utf8_mark = Nullsv;
706 PL_utf8_toupper = Nullsv;
707 PL_utf8_totitle = Nullsv;
708 PL_utf8_tolower = Nullsv;
709 PL_utf8_tofold = Nullsv;
710 PL_utf8_idstart = Nullsv;
711 PL_utf8_idcont = Nullsv;
713 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
714 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
715 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = Nullsv;
716 if (!specialCopIO(PL_compiling.cop_io))
717 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_io);
718 PL_compiling.cop_io = Nullsv;
719 CopFILE_free(&PL_compiling);
720 CopSTASH_free(&PL_compiling);
722 /* Prepare to destruct main symbol table. */
727 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_curstname);
728 PL_curstname = Nullsv;
730 /* clear queued errors */
731 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_errors);
735 if (destruct_level >= 2 && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL)) {
736 if (PL_scopestack_ix != 0)
737 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
738 "Unbalanced scopes: %ld more ENTERs than LEAVEs\n",
739 (long)PL_scopestack_ix);
740 if (PL_savestack_ix != 0)
741 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
742 "Unbalanced saves: %ld more saves than restores\n",
743 (long)PL_savestack_ix);
744 if (PL_tmps_floor != -1)
745 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Unbalanced tmps: %ld more allocs than frees\n",
746 (long)PL_tmps_floor + 1);
747 if (cxstack_ix != -1)
748 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Unbalanced context: %ld more PUSHes than POPs\n",
749 (long)cxstack_ix + 1);
752 /* Now absolutely destruct everything, somehow or other, loops or no. */
753 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) |= SVTYPEMASK; /* don't clean out pid table now */
754 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) |= SVTYPEMASK; /* don't clean out strtab now */
756 /* the 2 is for PL_fdpid and PL_strtab */
757 while (PL_sv_count > 2 && sv_clean_all())
760 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) &= ~SVTYPEMASK;
761 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) |= SVt_PVAV;
762 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) &= ~SVTYPEMASK;
763 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) |= SVt_PVHV;
765 AvREAL_off(PL_fdpid); /* no surviving entries */
766 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_fdpid); /* needed in io_close() */
769 #ifdef HAVE_INTERP_INTERN
773 /* Destruct the global string table. */
775 /* Yell and reset the HeVAL() slots that are still holding refcounts,
776 * so that sv_free() won't fail on them.
784 max = HvMAX(PL_strtab);
785 array = HvARRAY(PL_strtab);
788 if (hent && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL)) {
789 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
790 "Unbalanced string table refcount: (%d) for \"%s\"",
791 HeVAL(hent) - Nullsv, HeKEY(hent));
792 HeVAL(hent) = Nullsv;
802 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_strtab);
805 /* free the pointer table used for cloning */
806 ptr_table_free(PL_ptr_table);
807 PL_ptr_table = (PTR_TBL_t*)NULL;
810 /* free special SVs */
812 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_yes) = 0;
813 sv_clear(&PL_sv_yes);
814 SvANY(&PL_sv_yes) = NULL;
815 SvFLAGS(&PL_sv_yes) = 0;
817 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_no) = 0;
819 SvANY(&PL_sv_no) = NULL;
820 SvFLAGS(&PL_sv_no) = 0;
824 for (i=0; i<=2; i++) {
825 SvREFCNT(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = 0;
826 sv_clear(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i));
827 SvANY(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = NULL;
828 SvFLAGS(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = 0;
832 if (PL_sv_count != 0 && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
833 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Scalars leaked: %ld\n", (long)PL_sv_count);
835 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS
836 if (PL_sv_count != 0) {
841 for (sva = PL_sv_arenaroot; sva; sva = (SV*)SvANY(sva)) {
842 svend = &sva[SvREFCNT(sva)];
843 for (sv = sva + 1; sv < svend; ++sv) {
844 if (SvTYPE(sv) != SVTYPEMASK) {
845 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "leaked: sv=0x%p"
847 " refcnt=%"UVuf pTHX__FORMAT "\n",
848 sv, sv->sv_flags, sv->sv_refcnt pTHX__VALUE);
857 #if defined(PERLIO_LAYERS)
858 /* No more IO - including error messages ! */
859 PerlIO_cleanup(aTHX);
862 /* sv_undef needs to stay immortal until after PerlIO_cleanup
863 as currently layers use it rather than Nullsv as a marker
864 for no arg - and will try and SvREFCNT_dec it.
866 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_undef) = 0;
867 SvREADONLY_off(&PL_sv_undef);
869 Safefree(PL_origfilename);
870 PL_origfilename = Nullch;
871 Safefree(PL_reg_start_tmp);
872 PL_reg_start_tmp = (char**)NULL;
873 PL_reg_start_tmpl = 0;
875 Safefree(PL_reg_curpm);
876 Safefree(PL_reg_poscache);
878 Safefree(PL_op_mask);
879 Safefree(PL_psig_ptr);
880 PL_psig_ptr = (SV**)NULL;
881 Safefree(PL_psig_name);
882 PL_psig_name = (SV**)NULL;
883 Safefree(PL_bitcount);
884 PL_bitcount = Nullch;
885 Safefree(PL_psig_pend);
886 PL_psig_pend = (int*)NULL;
887 PL_formfeed = Nullsv;
892 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
893 PL_hints = 0; /* Reset hints. Should hints be per-interpreter ? */
896 DEBUG_P(debprofdump());
898 #ifdef USE_REENTRANT_API
899 Perl_reentrant_free(aTHX);
904 /* As the absolutely last thing, free the non-arena SV for mess() */
907 /* it could have accumulated taint magic */
908 if (SvTYPE(PL_mess_sv) >= SVt_PVMG) {
911 for (mg = SvMAGIC(PL_mess_sv); mg; mg = moremagic) {
912 moremagic = mg->mg_moremagic;
913 if (mg->mg_ptr && mg->mg_type != PERL_MAGIC_regex_global
915 Safefree(mg->mg_ptr);
919 /* we know that type >= SVt_PV */
920 SvOOK_off(PL_mess_sv);
921 Safefree(SvPVX(PL_mess_sv));
922 Safefree(SvANY(PL_mess_sv));
923 Safefree(PL_mess_sv);
926 return STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
930 =for apidoc perl_free
932 Releases a Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
940 #if defined(WIN32) || defined(NETWARE)
941 # if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS)
943 void *host = nw_internal_host;
945 void *host = w32_internal_host;
949 nw_delete_internal_host(host);
951 win32_delete_internal_host(host);
962 Perl_call_atexit(pTHX_ ATEXIT_t fn, void *ptr)
964 Renew(PL_exitlist, PL_exitlistlen+1, PerlExitListEntry);
965 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].fn = fn;
966 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].ptr = ptr;
970 #ifdef HAS_PROCSELFEXE
971 /* This is a function so that we don't hold on to MAXPATHLEN
972 bytes of stack longer than necessary
975 S_procself_val(pTHX_ SV *sv, char *arg0)
977 char buf[MAXPATHLEN];
978 int len = readlink(PROCSELFEXE_PATH, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);
980 /* On Playstation2 Linux V1.0 (kernel 2.2.1) readlink(/proc/self/exe)
981 includes a spurious NUL which will cause $^X to fail in system
982 or backticks (this will prevent extensions from being built and
983 many tests from working). readlink is not meant to add a NUL.
984 Normal readlink works fine.
986 if (len > 0 && buf[len-1] == '\0') {
990 /* FreeBSD's implementation is acknowledged to be imperfect, sometimes
991 returning the text "unknown" from the readlink rather than the path
992 to the executable (or returning an error from the readlink). Any valid
993 path has a '/' in it somewhere, so use that to validate the result.
994 See http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/query-pr.cgi?pr=35703
996 if (len > 0 && memchr(buf, '/', len)) {
997 sv_setpvn(sv,buf,len);
1003 #endif /* HAS_PROCSELFEXE */
1006 S_set_caret_X(pTHX) {
1007 GV* tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("\030",TRUE, SVt_PV); /* $^X */
1009 #ifdef HAS_PROCSELFEXE
1010 S_procself_val(aTHX_ GvSV(tmpgv), PL_origargv[0]);
1013 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv), os2_execname(aTHX));
1015 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv),PL_origargv[0]);
1022 =for apidoc perl_parse
1024 Tells a Perl interpreter to parse a Perl script. See L<perlembed>.
1030 perl_parse(pTHXx_ XSINIT_t xsinit, int argc, char **argv, char **env)
1035 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
1039 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
1042 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "suidperl is no longer needed since the kernel can now execute\n\
1043 setuid perl scripts securely.\n");
1044 #endif /* IAMSUID */
1047 #if defined(USE_HASH_SEED) || defined(USE_HASH_SEED_EXPLICIT)
1048 /* [perl #22371] Algorimic Complexity Attack on Perl 5.6.1, 5.8.0
1049 * This MUST be done before any hash stores or fetches take place.
1050 * If you set PL_rehash_seed (and assumedly also PL_rehash_seed_set)
1051 * yourself, it is your responsibility to provide a good random seed!
1052 * You can also define PERL_HASH_SEED in compile time, see hv.h. */
1053 if (!PL_rehash_seed_set)
1054 PL_rehash_seed = get_hash_seed();
1056 char *s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_HASH_SEED_DEBUG");
1062 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "HASH_SEED = %"UVuf"\n",
1066 #endif /* #if defined(USE_HASH_SEED) || defined(USE_HASH_SEED_EXPLICIT) */
1072 /* Set PL_origalen be the sum of the contiguous argv[]
1073 * elements plus the size of the env in case that it is
1074 * contiguous with the argv[]. This is used in mg.c:Perl_magic_set()
1075 * as the maximum modifiable length of $0. In the worst case
1076 * the area we are able to modify is limited to the size of
1077 * the original argv[0]. (See below for 'contiguous', though.)
1082 ~(UV)(PTRSIZE == 4 ? 3 : PTRSIZE == 8 ? 7 : PTRSIZE == 16 ? 15 : 0);
1083 /* Do the mask check only if the args seem like aligned. */
1085 (mask < ~(UV)0) && ((PTR2UV(argv[0]) & mask) == PTR2UV(argv[0]));
1087 /* See if all the arguments are contiguous in memory. Note
1088 * that 'contiguous' is a loose term because some platforms
1089 * align the argv[] and the envp[]. If the arguments look
1090 * like non-aligned, assume that they are 'strictly' or
1091 * 'traditionally' contiguous. If the arguments look like
1092 * aligned, we just check that they are within aligned
1093 * PTRSIZE bytes. As long as no system has something bizarre
1094 * like the argv[] interleaved with some other data, we are
1095 * fine. (Did I just evoke Murphy's Law?) --jhi */
1096 if (PL_origargv && PL_origargc >= 1 && (s = PL_origargv[0])) {
1098 for (i = 1; i < PL_origargc; i++) {
1099 if ((PL_origargv[i] == s + 1
1101 || PL_origargv[i] == s + 2
1106 (PL_origargv[i] > s &&
1108 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1118 /* Can we grab env area too to be used as the area for $0? */
1119 if (PL_origenviron) {
1120 if ((PL_origenviron[0] == s + 1
1122 || (PL_origenviron[0] == s + 9 && (s += 8))
1127 (PL_origenviron[0] > s &&
1128 PL_origenviron[0] <=
1129 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1133 s = PL_origenviron[0];
1136 my_setenv("NoNe SuCh", Nullch);
1137 /* Force copy of environment. */
1138 for (i = 1; PL_origenviron[i]; i++) {
1139 if (PL_origenviron[i] == s + 1
1142 (PL_origenviron[i] > s &&
1143 PL_origenviron[i] <=
1144 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1147 s = PL_origenviron[i];
1155 PL_origalen = s - PL_origargv[0] + 1;
1160 /* Come here if running an undumped a.out. */
1162 PL_origfilename = savepv(argv[0]);
1163 PL_do_undump = FALSE;
1164 cxstack_ix = -1; /* start label stack again */
1166 assert (!PL_tainted);
1168 S_set_caret_X(aTHX);
1170 init_postdump_symbols(argc,argv,env);
1175 op_free(PL_main_root);
1176 PL_main_root = Nullop;
1178 PL_main_start = Nullop;
1179 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_main_cv);
1180 PL_main_cv = Nullcv;
1183 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
1184 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_OFF;
1186 #ifdef PERL_FLEXIBLE_EXCEPTIONS
1187 CALLPROTECT(aTHX_ pcur_env, &ret, MEMBER_TO_FPTR(S_vparse_body), env, xsinit);
1193 #ifndef PERL_FLEXIBLE_EXCEPTIONS
1194 parse_body(env,xsinit);
1197 call_list(oldscope, PL_checkav);
1204 /* my_exit() was called */
1205 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
1208 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
1210 call_list(oldscope, PL_checkav);
1211 ret = STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
1214 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: top_env\n");
1222 #ifdef PERL_FLEXIBLE_EXCEPTIONS
1224 S_vparse_body(pTHX_ va_list args)
1226 char **env = va_arg(args, char**);
1227 XSINIT_t xsinit = va_arg(args, XSINIT_t);
1229 return parse_body(env, xsinit);
1234 S_parse_body(pTHX_ char **env, XSINIT_t xsinit)
1236 int argc = PL_origargc;
1237 char **argv = PL_origargv;
1238 char *scriptname = NULL;
1239 VOL bool dosearch = FALSE;
1240 char *validarg = "";
1243 char *cddir = Nullch;
1247 sv_setpvn(PL_linestr,"",0);
1248 sv = newSVpvn("",0); /* first used for -I flags */
1252 for (argc--,argv++; argc > 0; argc--,argv++) {
1253 if (argv[0][0] != '-' || !argv[0][1])
1257 validarg = " PHOOEY ";
1261 * Can we rely on the kernel to start scripts with argv[1] set to
1262 * contain all #! line switches (the whole line)? (argv[0] is set to
1263 * the interpreter name, argv[2] to the script name; argv[3] and
1264 * above may contain other arguments.)
1271 #ifndef PERL_STRICT_CR
1296 if ((s = moreswitches(s)))
1301 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('t');
1302 if( !PL_tainting ) {
1303 PL_taint_warn = TRUE;
1309 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('T');
1311 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
1316 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1317 /* ignore -e for Dev:Pseudo argument */
1318 if (argv[1] && !strcmp(argv[1], "Dev:Pseudo"))
1323 PL_e_script = newSVpvn("",0);
1324 filter_add(read_e_script, NULL);
1327 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, s);
1329 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, argv[1]);
1333 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No code specified for -e");
1334 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, "\n");
1337 case 'I': /* -I handled both here and in moreswitches() */
1339 if (!*++s && (s=argv[1]) != Nullch) {
1344 STRLEN len = strlen(s);
1345 p = savepvn(s, len);
1346 incpush(p, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE, FALSE);
1347 sv_catpvn(sv, "-I", 2);
1348 sv_catpvn(sv, p, len);
1349 sv_catpvn(sv, " ", 1);
1353 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No directory specified for -I");
1357 PL_preprocess = TRUE;
1367 PL_preambleav = newAV();
1368 av_push(PL_preambleav, newSVpv("use Config qw(myconfig config_vars)",0));
1370 PL_Sv = newSVpv("print myconfig();",0);
1372 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"print \"\\nCharacteristics of this PERLSHR image: \\n\",");
1374 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"print \"\\nCharacteristics of this binary (from libperl): \\n\",");
1376 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"\" Compile-time options:");
1378 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," DEBUGGING");
1380 # ifdef MULTIPLICITY
1381 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," MULTIPLICITY");
1383 # ifdef USE_5005THREADS
1384 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_5005THREADS");
1386 # ifdef USE_ITHREADS
1387 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_ITHREADS");
1389 # ifdef USE_64_BIT_INT
1390 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_64_BIT_INT");
1392 # ifdef USE_64_BIT_ALL
1393 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_64_BIT_ALL");
1395 # ifdef USE_LONG_DOUBLE
1396 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_LONG_DOUBLE");
1398 # ifdef USE_LARGE_FILES
1399 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_LARGE_FILES");
1402 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_SOCKS");
1404 # ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
1405 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT");
1407 # ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
1408 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS");
1410 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"\\n\",");
1412 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
1413 if (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT > 0) {
1415 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"\" Locally applied patches:\\n\",");
1416 for (i = 1; i <= LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT; i++) {
1417 if (PL_localpatches[i])
1418 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ PL_Sv,"q%c\t%s\n%c,",
1419 0, PL_localpatches[i], 0);
1423 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ PL_Sv,"\" Built under %s\\n\"",OSNAME);
1426 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ PL_Sv,",\" Compiled at %s %s\\n\"",__DATE__,__TIME__);
1428 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ PL_Sv,",\" Compiled on %s\\n\"",__DATE__);
1431 sv_catpv(PL_Sv, "; \
1433 @env = map { \"$_=\\\"$ENV{$_}\\\"\" } sort grep {/^PERL/} keys %ENV; ");
1436 push @env, \"CYGWIN=\\\"$ENV{CYGWIN}\\\"\";");
1439 print \" \\%ENV:\\n @env\\n\" if @env; \
1440 print \" \\@INC:\\n @INC\\n\";");
1443 PL_Sv = newSVpv("config_vars(qw(",0);
1444 sv_catpv(PL_Sv, ++s);
1445 sv_catpv(PL_Sv, "))");
1448 av_push(PL_preambleav, PL_Sv);
1449 scriptname = BIT_BUCKET; /* don't look for script or read stdin */
1452 PL_doextract = TRUE;
1460 if (!*++s || isSPACE(*s)) {
1464 /* catch use of gnu style long options */
1465 if (strEQ(s, "version")) {
1469 if (strEQ(s, "help")) {
1476 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Unrecognized switch: -%s (-h will show valid options)",s);
1482 #ifndef SECURE_INTERNAL_GETENV
1485 (s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL5OPT")))
1490 if (*s == '-' && *(s+1) == 'T') {
1491 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('T');
1493 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
1496 char *popt_copy = Nullch;
1509 if (!strchr("DIMUdmtwA", *s))
1510 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Illegal switch in PERL5OPT: -%c", *s);
1514 popt_copy = SvPVX(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(popt,0)));
1515 s = popt_copy + (s - popt);
1516 d = popt_copy + (d - popt);
1523 if( !PL_tainting ) {
1524 PL_taint_warn = TRUE;
1534 if (PL_taint_warn && PL_dowarn != G_WARN_ALL_OFF) {
1535 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = newSVpvn(WARN_TAINTstring, WARNsize);
1539 scriptname = argv[0];
1542 scriptname = BIT_BUCKET; /* don't look for script or read stdin */
1544 else if (scriptname == Nullch) {
1546 if ( PerlLIO_isatty(PerlIO_fileno(PerlIO_stdin())) )
1552 /* Set $^X early so that it can be used for relocatable paths in @INC */
1553 assert (!PL_tainted);
1555 S_set_caret_X(aTHX);
1559 open_script(scriptname,dosearch,sv);
1561 validate_suid(validarg, scriptname);
1564 #if defined(SIGCHLD) || defined(SIGCLD)
1567 # define SIGCHLD SIGCLD
1569 Sighandler_t sigstate = rsignal_state(SIGCHLD);
1570 if (sigstate == SIG_IGN) {
1571 if (ckWARN(WARN_SIGNAL))
1572 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_SIGNAL),
1573 "Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default");
1574 (void)rsignal(SIGCHLD, (Sighandler_t)SIG_DFL);
1580 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1581 if (PL_doextract || gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
1586 if (cddir && PerlDir_chdir(cddir) < 0)
1587 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't chdir to %s",cddir);
1591 PL_main_cv = PL_compcv = (CV*)NEWSV(1104,0);
1592 sv_upgrade((SV *)PL_compcv, SVt_PVCV);
1593 CvUNIQUE_on(PL_compcv);
1595 CvPADLIST(PL_compcv) = pad_new(0);
1596 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
1597 CvOWNER(PL_compcv) = 0;
1598 New(666, CvMUTEXP(PL_compcv), 1, perl_mutex);
1599 MUTEX_INIT(CvMUTEXP(PL_compcv));
1600 #endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
1603 boot_core_UNIVERSAL();
1604 boot_core_xsutils();
1607 (*xsinit)(aTHX); /* in case linked C routines want magical variables */
1609 #if defined(VMS) || defined(WIN32) || defined(DJGPP) || defined(__CYGWIN__) || defined(EPOC)
1615 # ifdef HAS_SOCKS5_INIT
1616 socks5_init(argv[0]);
1622 init_predump_symbols();
1623 /* init_postdump_symbols not currently designed to be called */
1624 /* more than once (ENV isn't cleared first, for example) */
1625 /* But running with -u leaves %ENV & @ARGV undefined! XXX */
1627 init_postdump_symbols(argc,argv,env);
1629 /* PL_unicode is turned on by -C or by $ENV{PERL_UNICODE}.
1630 * PL_utf8locale is conditionally turned on by
1631 * locale.c:Perl_init_i18nl10n() if the environment
1632 * look like the user wants to use UTF-8. */
1634 /* Requires init_predump_symbols(). */
1635 if (!(PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_LOCALE_FLAG) || PL_utf8locale) {
1640 /* Turn on UTF-8-ness on STDIN, STDOUT, STDERR
1641 * and the default open disciplines. */
1642 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDIN_FLAG) &&
1643 PL_stdingv && (io = GvIO(PL_stdingv)) &&
1645 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
1646 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDOUT_FLAG) &&
1647 PL_defoutgv && (io = GvIO(PL_defoutgv)) &&
1649 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
1650 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDERR_FLAG) &&
1651 PL_stderrgv && (io = GvIO(PL_stderrgv)) &&
1653 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
1654 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_INOUT_FLAG) &&
1655 (sv = GvSV(gv_fetchpv("\017PEN", TRUE, SVt_PV)))) {
1656 U32 in = PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_IN_FLAG;
1657 U32 out = PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_OUT_FLAG;
1660 sv_setpvn(sv, ":utf8\0:utf8", 11);
1662 sv_setpvn(sv, ":utf8\0", 6);
1665 sv_setpvn(sv, "\0:utf8", 6);
1671 if ((s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_SIGNALS"))) {
1672 if (strEQ(s, "unsafe"))
1673 PL_signals |= PERL_SIGNALS_UNSAFE_FLAG;
1674 else if (strEQ(s, "safe"))
1675 PL_signals &= ~PERL_SIGNALS_UNSAFE_FLAG;
1677 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "PERL_SIGNALS illegal: \"%s\"", s);
1682 /* now parse the script */
1684 SETERRNO(0,SS_NORMAL);
1686 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1687 if (gMacPerl_SyntaxError = (yyparse() || PL_error_count)) {
1689 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s had compilation errors.\n", MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
1691 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Execution of %s aborted due to compilation errors.\n",
1692 MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
1696 if (yyparse() || PL_error_count) {
1698 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s had compilation errors.\n", PL_origfilename);
1700 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Execution of %s aborted due to compilation errors.\n",
1705 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, 0);
1706 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
1707 PL_preprocess = FALSE;
1709 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
1710 PL_e_script = Nullsv;
1717 SAVECOPFILE(PL_curcop);
1718 SAVECOPLINE(PL_curcop);
1719 gv_check(PL_defstash);
1726 if ((s=PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS")) && atoi(s) >= 2)
1727 dump_mstats("after compilation:");
1736 =for apidoc perl_run
1738 Tells a Perl interpreter to run. See L<perlembed>.
1749 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
1753 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
1758 #ifdef PERL_FLEXIBLE_EXCEPTIONS
1760 CALLPROTECT(aTHX_ pcur_env, &ret, MEMBER_TO_FPTR(S_vrun_body), oldscope);
1766 cxstack_ix = -1; /* start context stack again */
1768 case 0: /* normal completion */
1769 #ifndef PERL_FLEXIBLE_EXCEPTIONS
1774 case 2: /* my_exit() */
1775 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
1778 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
1779 if (!(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_DESTRUCT_END) &&
1780 PL_endav && !PL_minus_c)
1781 call_list(oldscope, PL_endav);
1783 if (PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS"))
1784 dump_mstats("after execution: ");
1786 ret = STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
1790 POPSTACK_TO(PL_mainstack);
1793 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: restartop\n");
1803 #ifdef PERL_FLEXIBLE_EXCEPTIONS
1805 S_vrun_body(pTHX_ va_list args)
1807 I32 oldscope = va_arg(args, I32);
1809 return run_body(oldscope);
1815 S_run_body(pTHX_ I32 oldscope)
1817 DEBUG_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "%s $` $& $' support.\n",
1818 PL_sawampersand ? "Enabling" : "Omitting"));
1820 if (!PL_restartop) {
1821 DEBUG_x(dump_all());
1823 PERL_DEBUG(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "\nEXECUTING...\n\n"));
1824 DEBUG_S(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "main thread is 0x%"UVxf"\n",
1828 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1829 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "%s%s syntax OK\n",
1830 (gMacPerl_ErrorFormat ? "# " : ""),
1831 MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
1833 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "%s syntax OK\n", PL_origfilename);
1837 if (PERLDB_SINGLE && PL_DBsingle)
1838 sv_setiv(PL_DBsingle, 1);
1840 call_list(oldscope, PL_initav);
1846 PL_op = PL_restartop;
1850 else if (PL_main_start) {
1851 CvDEPTH(PL_main_cv) = 1;
1852 PL_op = PL_main_start;
1862 =head1 SV Manipulation Functions
1864 =for apidoc p||get_sv
1866 Returns the SV of the specified Perl scalar. If C<create> is set and the
1867 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
1868 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
1874 Perl_get_sv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
1877 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
1878 if (name[1] == '\0' && !isALPHA(name[0])) {
1879 PADOFFSET tmp = find_threadsv(name);
1880 if (tmp != NOT_IN_PAD)
1881 return THREADSV(tmp);
1883 #endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
1884 gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PV);
1891 =head1 Array Manipulation Functions
1893 =for apidoc p||get_av
1895 Returns the AV of the specified Perl array. If C<create> is set and the
1896 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
1897 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
1903 Perl_get_av(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
1905 GV* gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVAV);
1914 =head1 Hash Manipulation Functions
1916 =for apidoc p||get_hv
1918 Returns the HV of the specified Perl hash. If C<create> is set and the
1919 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
1920 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
1926 Perl_get_hv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
1928 GV* gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVHV);
1937 =head1 CV Manipulation Functions
1939 =for apidoc p||get_cv
1941 Returns the CV of the specified Perl subroutine. If C<create> is set and
1942 the Perl subroutine does not exist then it will be declared (which has the
1943 same effect as saying C<sub name;>). If C<create> is not set and the
1944 subroutine does not exist then NULL is returned.
1950 Perl_get_cv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
1952 GV* gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVCV);
1953 /* XXX unsafe for threads if eval_owner isn't held */
1954 /* XXX this is probably not what they think they're getting.
1955 * It has the same effect as "sub name;", i.e. just a forward
1957 if (create && !GvCVu(gv))
1958 return newSUB(start_subparse(FALSE, 0),
1959 newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSVpv(name,0)),
1967 /* Be sure to refetch the stack pointer after calling these routines. */
1971 =head1 Callback Functions
1973 =for apidoc p||call_argv
1975 Performs a callback to the specified Perl sub. See L<perlcall>.
1981 Perl_call_argv(pTHX_ const char *sub_name, I32 flags, register char **argv)
1983 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
1984 /* null terminated arg list */
1991 XPUSHs(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(*argv,0)));
1996 return call_pv(sub_name, flags);
2000 =for apidoc p||call_pv
2002 Performs a callback to the specified Perl sub. See L<perlcall>.
2008 Perl_call_pv(pTHX_ const char *sub_name, I32 flags)
2009 /* name of the subroutine */
2010 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2012 return call_sv((SV*)get_cv(sub_name, TRUE), flags);
2016 =for apidoc p||call_method
2018 Performs a callback to the specified Perl method. The blessed object must
2019 be on the stack. See L<perlcall>.
2025 Perl_call_method(pTHX_ const char *methname, I32 flags)
2026 /* name of the subroutine */
2027 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2029 return call_sv(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(methname,0)), flags | G_METHOD);
2032 /* May be called with any of a CV, a GV, or an SV containing the name. */
2034 =for apidoc p||call_sv
2036 Performs a callback to the Perl sub whose name is in the SV. See
2043 Perl_call_sv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
2044 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2047 LOGOP myop; /* fake syntax tree node */
2050 volatile I32 retval = 0;
2052 bool oldcatch = CATCH_GET;
2057 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2062 Zero(&myop, 1, LOGOP);
2063 myop.op_next = Nullop;
2064 if (!(flags & G_NOARGS))
2065 myop.op_flags |= OPf_STACKED;
2066 myop.op_flags |= ((flags & G_VOID) ? OPf_WANT_VOID :
2067 (flags & G_ARRAY) ? OPf_WANT_LIST :
2072 EXTEND(PL_stack_sp, 1);
2073 *++PL_stack_sp = sv;
2075 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
2077 if (PERLDB_SUB && PL_curstash != PL_debstash
2078 /* Handle first BEGIN of -d. */
2079 && (PL_DBcv || (PL_DBcv = GvCV(PL_DBsub)))
2080 /* Try harder, since this may have been a sighandler, thus
2081 * curstash may be meaningless. */
2082 && (SvTYPE(sv) != SVt_PVCV || CvSTASH((CV*)sv) != PL_debstash)
2083 && !(flags & G_NODEBUG))
2084 PL_op->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_DB;
2086 if (flags & G_METHOD) {
2087 Zero(&method_op, 1, UNOP);
2088 method_op.op_next = PL_op;
2089 method_op.op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_METHOD];
2090 myop.op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_ENTERSUB];
2091 PL_op = (OP*)&method_op;
2094 if (!(flags & G_EVAL)) {
2096 call_body((OP*)&myop, FALSE);
2097 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2098 CATCH_SET(oldcatch);
2101 myop.op_other = (OP*)&myop;
2103 /* we're trying to emulate pp_entertry() here */
2105 register PERL_CONTEXT *cx;
2106 I32 gimme = GIMME_V;
2111 PUSHBLOCK(cx, (CXt_EVAL|CXp_TRYBLOCK), PL_stack_sp);
2113 PL_eval_root = PL_op; /* Only needed so that goto works right. */
2115 PL_in_eval = EVAL_INEVAL;
2116 if (flags & G_KEEPERR)
2117 PL_in_eval |= EVAL_KEEPERR;
2123 #ifdef PERL_FLEXIBLE_EXCEPTIONS
2125 CALLPROTECT(aTHX_ pcur_env, &ret, MEMBER_TO_FPTR(S_vcall_body),
2132 #ifndef PERL_FLEXIBLE_EXCEPTIONS
2134 call_body((OP*)&myop, FALSE);
2136 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2137 if (!(flags & G_KEEPERR))
2144 /* my_exit() was called */
2145 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2148 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED))
2149 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Callback called exit");
2154 PL_op = PL_restartop;
2158 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2159 if (flags & G_ARRAY)
2163 *++PL_stack_sp = &PL_sv_undef;
2168 if (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope) {
2172 register PERL_CONTEXT *cx;
2183 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2184 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2193 #ifdef PERL_FLEXIBLE_EXCEPTIONS
2195 S_vcall_body(pTHX_ va_list args)
2197 OP *myop = va_arg(args, OP*);
2198 int is_eval = va_arg(args, int);
2200 call_body(myop, is_eval);
2206 S_call_body(pTHX_ OP *myop, int is_eval)
2208 if (PL_op == myop) {
2210 PL_op = Perl_pp_entereval(aTHX); /* this doesn't do a POPMARK */
2212 PL_op = Perl_pp_entersub(aTHX); /* this does */
2218 /* Eval a string. The G_EVAL flag is always assumed. */
2221 =for apidoc p||eval_sv
2223 Tells Perl to C<eval> the string in the SV.
2229 Perl_eval_sv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
2231 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2234 UNOP myop; /* fake syntax tree node */
2235 volatile I32 oldmark = SP - PL_stack_base;
2236 volatile I32 retval = 0;
2242 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2249 Zero(PL_op, 1, UNOP);
2250 EXTEND(PL_stack_sp, 1);
2251 *++PL_stack_sp = sv;
2252 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
2254 if (!(flags & G_NOARGS))
2255 myop.op_flags = OPf_STACKED;
2256 myop.op_next = Nullop;
2257 myop.op_type = OP_ENTEREVAL;
2258 myop.op_flags |= ((flags & G_VOID) ? OPf_WANT_VOID :
2259 (flags & G_ARRAY) ? OPf_WANT_LIST :
2261 if (flags & G_KEEPERR)
2262 myop.op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL;
2264 #ifdef PERL_FLEXIBLE_EXCEPTIONS
2266 CALLPROTECT(aTHX_ pcur_env, &ret, MEMBER_TO_FPTR(S_vcall_body),
2269 /* fail now; otherwise we could fail after the JMPENV_PUSH but
2270 * before a PUSHEVAL, which corrupts the stack after a croak */
2271 TAINT_PROPER("eval_sv()");
2277 #ifndef PERL_FLEXIBLE_EXCEPTIONS
2279 call_body((OP*)&myop,TRUE);
2281 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2282 if (!(flags & G_KEEPERR))
2289 /* my_exit() was called */
2290 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2293 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED))
2294 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Callback called exit");
2299 PL_op = PL_restartop;
2303 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2304 if (flags & G_ARRAY)
2308 *++PL_stack_sp = &PL_sv_undef;
2314 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2315 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2325 =for apidoc p||eval_pv
2327 Tells Perl to C<eval> the given string and return an SV* result.
2333 Perl_eval_pv(pTHX_ const char *p, I32 croak_on_error)
2336 SV* sv = newSVpv(p, 0);
2338 eval_sv(sv, G_SCALAR);
2345 if (croak_on_error && SvTRUE(ERRSV)) {
2347 Perl_croak(aTHX_ SvPVx(ERRSV, n_a));
2353 /* Require a module. */
2356 =head1 Embedding Functions
2358 =for apidoc p||require_pv
2360 Tells Perl to C<require> the file named by the string argument. It is
2361 analogous to the Perl code C<eval "require '$file'">. It's even
2362 implemented that way; consider using load_module instead.
2367 Perl_require_pv(pTHX_ const char *pv)
2371 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_REQUIRE);
2373 sv = sv_newmortal();
2374 sv_setpv(sv, "require '");
2377 eval_sv(sv, G_DISCARD);
2383 Perl_magicname(pTHX_ char *sym, char *name, I32 namlen)
2387 if ((gv = gv_fetchpv(sym,TRUE, SVt_PV)))
2388 sv_magic(GvSV(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, namlen);
2392 S_usage(pTHX_ char *name) /* XXX move this out into a module ? */
2394 /* This message really ought to be max 23 lines.
2395 * Removed -h because the user already knows that option. Others? */
2397 static char *usage_msg[] = {
2398 "-0[octal] specify record separator (\\0, if no argument)",
2399 "-a autosplit mode with -n or -p (splits $_ into @F)",
2400 "-C[number/list] enables the listed Unicode features",
2401 "-c check syntax only (runs BEGIN and CHECK blocks)",
2402 "-d[:debugger] run program under debugger",
2403 "-D[number/list] set debugging flags (argument is a bit mask or alphabets)",
2404 "-e program one line of program (several -e's allowed, omit programfile)",
2405 "-F/pattern/ split() pattern for -a switch (//'s are optional)",
2406 "-i[extension] edit <> files in place (makes backup if extension supplied)",
2407 "-Idirectory specify @INC/#include directory (several -I's allowed)",
2408 "-l[octal] enable line ending processing, specifies line terminator",
2409 "-[mM][-]module execute `use/no module...' before executing program",
2410 "-n assume 'while (<>) { ... }' loop around program",
2411 "-p assume loop like -n but print line also, like sed",
2412 "-P run program through C preprocessor before compilation",
2413 "-s enable rudimentary parsing for switches after programfile",
2414 "-S look for programfile using PATH environment variable",
2415 "-t enable tainting warnings",
2416 "-T enable tainting checks",
2417 "-u dump core after parsing program",
2418 "-U allow unsafe operations",
2419 "-v print version, subversion (includes VERY IMPORTANT perl info)",
2420 "-V[:variable] print configuration summary (or a single Config.pm variable)",
2421 "-w enable many useful warnings (RECOMMENDED)",
2422 "-W enable all warnings",
2423 "-x[directory] strip off text before #!perl line and perhaps cd to directory",
2424 "-X disable all warnings",
2428 char **p = usage_msg;
2430 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2431 "\nUsage: %s [switches] [--] [programfile] [arguments]",
2434 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(), "\n %s", *p++);
2437 /* convert a string of -D options (or digits) into an int.
2438 * sets *s to point to the char after the options */
2442 Perl_get_debug_opts(pTHX_ char **s, bool givehelp)
2444 static char *usage_msgd[] = {
2445 " Debugging flag values: (see also -d)",
2446 " p Tokenizing and parsing (with v, displays parse stack)",
2447 " s Stack snapshots (with v, displays all stacks)",
2448 " l Context (loop) stack processing",
2449 " t Trace execution",
2450 " o Method and overloading resolution",
2451 " c String/numeric conversions",
2452 " P Print profiling info, preprocessor command for -P, source file input state",
2453 " m Memory allocation",
2454 " f Format processing",
2455 " r Regular expression parsing and execution",
2456 " x Syntax tree dump",
2457 " u Tainting checks",
2458 " H Hash dump -- usurps values()",
2459 " X Scratchpad allocation",
2461 " S Thread synchronization",
2463 " R Include reference counts of dumped variables (eg when using -Ds)",
2464 " J Do not s,t,P-debug (Jump over) opcodes within package DB",
2465 " v Verbose: use in conjunction with other flags",
2467 " A Consistency checks on internal structures",
2468 " q quiet - currently only suppresses the 'EXECUTING' message",
2473 /* if adding extra options, remember to update DEBUG_MASK */
2474 static char debopts[] = "psltocPmfrxu HXDSTRJvCAq";
2476 for (; isALNUM(**s); (*s)++) {
2477 char *d = strchr(debopts,**s);
2479 i |= 1 << (d - debopts);
2480 else if (ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
2481 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
2482 "invalid option -D%c, use -D'' to see choices\n", **s);
2485 else if (isDIGIT(**s)) {
2487 for (; isALNUM(**s); (*s)++) ;
2489 else if (givehelp) {
2490 char **p = usage_msgd;
2491 while (*p) PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(), "%s\n", *p++);
2494 if ((i & DEBUG_p_FLAG) && ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
2495 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
2496 "-Dp not implemented on this platform\n");
2502 /* This routine handles any switches that can be given during run */
2505 Perl_moreswitches(pTHX_ char *s)
2515 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rs);
2516 if (s[1] == 'x' && s[2]) {
2520 for (s += 2, e = s; *e; e++);
2522 flags = PERL_SCAN_SILENT_ILLDIGIT;
2523 rschar = (U32)grok_hex(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
2524 if (s + numlen < e) {
2525 rschar = 0; /* Grandfather -0xFOO as -0 -xFOO. */
2529 PL_rs = newSVpvn("", 0);
2530 SvGROW(PL_rs, (STRLEN)(UNISKIP(rschar) + 1));
2531 tmps = (U8*)SvPVX(PL_rs);
2532 uvchr_to_utf8(tmps, rschar);
2533 SvCUR_set(PL_rs, UNISKIP(rschar));
2538 rschar = (U32)grok_oct(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
2539 if (rschar & ~((U8)~0))
2540 PL_rs = &PL_sv_undef;
2541 else if (!rschar && numlen >= 2)
2542 PL_rs = newSVpvn("", 0);
2544 char ch = (char)rschar;
2545 PL_rs = newSVpvn(&ch, 1);
2548 sv_setsv(get_sv("/", TRUE), PL_rs);
2553 PL_unicode = parse_unicode_opts(&s);
2558 while (*s && !isSPACE(*s)) ++s;
2560 PL_splitstr = savepv(PL_splitstr);
2574 /* -dt indicates to the debugger that threads will be used */
2575 if (*s == 't' && !isALNUM(s[1])) {
2577 my_setenv("PERL5DB_THREADED", "1");
2580 /* The following permits -d:Mod to accepts arguments following an =
2581 in the fashion that -MSome::Mod does. */
2582 if (*s == ':' || *s == '=') {
2585 sv = newSVpv("use Devel::", 0);
2587 /* We now allow -d:Module=Foo,Bar */
2588 while(isALNUM(*s) || *s==':') ++s;
2590 sv_catpv(sv, start);
2592 sv_catpvn(sv, start, s-start);
2593 sv_catpv(sv, " split(/,/,q{");
2598 my_setenv("PERL5DB", SvPV(sv, PL_na));
2601 PL_perldb = PERLDB_ALL;
2610 PL_debug = get_debug_opts(&s, 1) | DEBUG_TOP_FLAG;
2611 #else /* !DEBUGGING */
2612 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
2613 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
2614 "Recompile perl with -DDEBUGGING to use -D switch (did you mean -d ?)\n");
2615 for (s++; isALNUM(*s); s++) ;
2621 usage(PL_origargv[0]);
2625 Safefree(PL_inplace);
2626 #if defined(__CYGWIN__) /* do backup extension automagically */
2627 if (*(s+1) == '\0') {
2628 PL_inplace = savepv(".bak");
2631 #endif /* __CYGWIN__ */
2632 PL_inplace = savepv(s+1);
2634 for (s = PL_inplace; *s && !isSPACE(*s); s++) ;
2637 if (*s == '-') /* Additional switches on #! line. */
2641 case 'I': /* -I handled both here and in parse_body() */
2644 while (*s && isSPACE(*s))
2649 /* ignore trailing spaces (possibly followed by other switches) */
2651 for (e = p; *e && !isSPACE(*e); e++) ;
2655 } while (*p && *p != '-');
2656 e = savepvn(s, e-s);
2657 incpush(e, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE, FALSE);
2664 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No directory specified for -I");
2670 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ors_sv);
2675 PL_ors_sv = newSVpvn("\n",1);
2676 numlen = 3 + (*s == '0');
2677 *SvPVX(PL_ors_sv) = (char)grok_oct(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
2681 if (RsPARA(PL_rs)) {
2682 PL_ors_sv = newSVpvn("\n\n",2);
2685 PL_ors_sv = newSVsv(PL_rs);
2692 PL_preambleav = newAV();
2694 SV *sv = newSVpv("use assertions::activate split(/,/,q", 0);
2695 sv_catpvn(sv, "\0", 1); /* Use NUL as q//-delimiter. */
2697 sv_catpvn(sv, "\0)", 2);
2699 av_push(PL_preambleav, sv);
2702 av_push(PL_preambleav, newSVpvn("use assertions::activate",24));
2705 forbid_setid("-M"); /* XXX ? */
2708 forbid_setid("-m"); /* XXX ? */
2713 /* -M-foo == 'no foo' */
2714 if (*s == '-') { use = "no "; ++s; }
2715 sv = newSVpv(use,0);
2717 /* We allow -M'Module qw(Foo Bar)' */
2718 while(isALNUM(*s) || *s==':') ++s;
2720 sv_catpv(sv, start);
2721 if (*(start-1) == 'm') {
2723 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use '%c' after -mname", *s);
2724 sv_catpv( sv, " ()");
2728 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Module name required with -%c option",
2730 sv_catpvn(sv, start, s-start);
2731 sv_catpv(sv, " split(/,/,q");
2732 sv_catpvn(sv, "\0)", 1); /* Use NUL as q//-delimiter. */
2734 sv_catpvn(sv, "\0)", 2);
2738 PL_preambleav = newAV();
2739 av_push(PL_preambleav, sv);
2742 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Missing argument to -%c", *(s-1));
2754 PL_doswitches = TRUE;
2768 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2769 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Believe me, you don't want to use \"-u\" on a Macintosh");
2771 PL_do_undump = TRUE;
2779 if (!sv_derived_from(PL_patchlevel, "version"))
2780 (void *)upg_version(PL_patchlevel);
2782 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2783 Perl_form(aTHX_ "\nThis is perl, v%_ built for %s",
2784 vstringify(PL_patchlevel),
2787 /* Adjust verbose output as in the perl that ships with the DG/UX OS from EMC */
2788 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2789 Perl_form(aTHX_ "\nThis is perl, v%_\n",
2790 vstringify(PL_patchlevel)));
2791 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2792 Perl_form(aTHX_ " built under %s at %s %s\n",
2793 OSNAME, __DATE__, __TIME__));
2794 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2795 Perl_form(aTHX_ " OS Specific Release: %s\n",
2799 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
2800 if (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT > 0)
2801 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2802 "\n(with %d registered patch%s, "
2803 "see perl -V for more detail)",
2804 (int)LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT,
2805 (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT!=1) ? "es" : "");
2808 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2809 "\n\nCopyright 1987-2004, Larry Wall\n");
2810 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2811 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2812 "\nMac OS port Copyright 1991-2002, Matthias Neeracher;\n"
2813 "maintained by Chris Nandor\n");
2816 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2817 "\nMS-DOS port Copyright (c) 1989, 1990, Diomidis Spinellis\n");
2820 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2821 "djgpp v2 port (jpl5003c) by Hirofumi Watanabe, 1996\n"
2822 "djgpp v2 port (perl5004+) by Laszlo Molnar, 1997-1999\n");
2825 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2826 "\n\nOS/2 port Copyright (c) 1990, 1991, Raymond Chen, Kai Uwe Rommel\n"
2827 "Version 5 port Copyright (c) 1994-2002, Andreas Kaiser, Ilya Zakharevich\n");
2830 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2831 "atariST series port, ++jrb bammi@cadence.com\n");
2834 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2835 "BeOS port Copyright Tom Spindler, 1997-1999\n");
2838 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2839 "MPE/iX port Copyright by Mark Klein and Mark Bixby, 1996-2003\n");
2842 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2843 "MVS (OS390) port by Mortice Kern Systems, 1997-1999\n");
2846 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2847 "Stratus VOS port by Paul.Green@stratus.com, 1997-2002\n");
2850 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2851 "VM/ESA port by Neale Ferguson, 1998-1999\n");
2854 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2855 "BS2000 (POSIX) port by Start Amadeus GmbH, 1998-1999\n");
2858 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2859 "MiNT port by Guido Flohr, 1997-1999\n");
2862 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2863 "EPOC port by Olaf Flebbe, 1999-2002\n");
2866 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),"WINCE port by Rainer Keuchel, 2001-2002\n");
2867 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),"Built on " __DATE__ " " __TIME__ "\n\n");
2870 #ifdef BINARY_BUILD_NOTICE
2871 BINARY_BUILD_NOTICE;
2873 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2875 Perl may be copied only under the terms of either the Artistic License or the\n\
2876 GNU General Public License, which may be found in the Perl 5 source kit.\n\n\
2877 Complete documentation for Perl, including FAQ lists, should be found on\n\
2878 this system using `man perl' or `perldoc perl'. If you have access to the\n\
2879 Internet, point your browser at http://www.perl.org/, the Perl Home Page.\n\n");
2882 if (! (PL_dowarn & G_WARN_ALL_MASK))
2883 PL_dowarn |= G_WARN_ON;
2887 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_ALL_ON|G_WARN_ON;
2888 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
2889 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
2890 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = pWARN_ALL ;
2894 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_ALL_OFF;
2895 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
2896 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
2897 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = pWARN_NONE ;
2902 if (s[1] == '-') /* Additional switches on #! line. */
2907 #if defined(WIN32) || !defined(PERL_STRICT_CR)
2913 #ifdef ALTERNATE_SHEBANG
2914 case 'S': /* OS/2 needs -S on "extproc" line. */
2922 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't emulate -%.1s on #! line",s);
2927 /* compliments of Tom Christiansen */
2929 /* unexec() can be found in the Gnu emacs distribution */
2930 /* Known to work with -DUNEXEC and using unexelf.c from GNU emacs-20.2 */
2933 Perl_my_unexec(pTHX)
2941 prog = newSVpv(BIN_EXP, 0);
2942 sv_catpv(prog, "/perl");
2943 file = newSVpv(PL_origfilename, 0);
2944 sv_catpv(file, ".perldump");
2946 unexec(SvPVX(file), SvPVX(prog), &etext, sbrk(0), 0);
2947 /* unexec prints msg to stderr in case of failure */
2948 PerlProc_exit(status);
2951 # include <lib$routines.h>
2952 lib$signal(SS$_DEBUG); /* ssdef.h #included from vmsish.h */
2954 ABORT(); /* for use with undump */
2959 /* initialize curinterp */
2965 # define PERLVAR(var,type)
2966 # define PERLVARA(var,n,type)
2967 # if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
2968 # if defined(USE_5005THREADS)
2969 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
2970 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
2971 # else /* !USE_5005THREADS */
2972 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) aTHX->var = init;
2973 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) aTHX->var = init;
2974 # endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
2976 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
2977 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
2979 # include "intrpvar.h"
2980 # ifndef USE_5005THREADS
2981 # include "thrdvar.h"
2988 # define PERLVAR(var,type)
2989 # define PERLVARA(var,n,type)
2990 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PL_##var = init;
2991 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PL_##var = init;
2992 # include "intrpvar.h"
2993 # ifndef USE_5005THREADS
2994 # include "thrdvar.h"
3005 S_init_main_stash(pTHX)
3009 PL_curstash = PL_defstash = newHV();
3010 PL_curstname = newSVpvn("main",4);
3011 gv = gv_fetchpv("main::",TRUE, SVt_PVHV);
3012 SvREFCNT_dec(GvHV(gv));
3013 GvHV(gv) = (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(PL_defstash);
3015 HvNAME(PL_defstash) = savepv("main");
3016 PL_incgv = gv_HVadd(gv_AVadd(gv_fetchpv("INC",TRUE, SVt_PVAV)));
3017 GvMULTI_on(PL_incgv);
3018 PL_hintgv = gv_fetchpv("\010",TRUE, SVt_PV); /* ^H */
3019 GvMULTI_on(PL_hintgv);
3020 PL_defgv = gv_fetchpv("_",TRUE, SVt_PVAV);
3021 PL_errgv = gv_HVadd(gv_fetchpv("@", TRUE, SVt_PV));
3022 GvMULTI_on(PL_errgv);
3023 PL_replgv = gv_fetchpv("\022", TRUE, SVt_PV); /* ^R */
3024 GvMULTI_on(PL_replgv);
3025 (void)Perl_form(aTHX_ "%240s",""); /* Preallocate temp - for immediate signals. */
3026 sv_grow(ERRSV, 240); /* Preallocate - for immediate signals. */
3027 sv_setpvn(ERRSV, "", 0);
3028 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
3029 CopSTASH_set(&PL_compiling, PL_defstash);
3030 PL_debstash = GvHV(gv_fetchpv("DB::", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
3031 PL_globalstash = GvHV(gv_fetchpv("CORE::GLOBAL::", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
3032 /* We must init $/ before switches are processed. */
3033 sv_setpvn(get_sv("/", TRUE), "\n", 1);
3036 /* PSz 18 Nov 03 fdscript now global but do not change prototype */
3038 S_open_script(pTHX_ char *scriptname, bool dosearch, SV *sv)
3043 char *cpp_discard_flag;
3051 PL_origfilename = savepv("-e");
3054 /* if find_script() returns, it returns a malloc()-ed value */
3055 PL_origfilename = scriptname = find_script(scriptname, dosearch, NULL, 1);
3057 if (strnEQ(scriptname, "/dev/fd/", 8) && isDIGIT(scriptname[8]) ) {
3058 char *s = scriptname + 8;
3059 PL_fdscript = atoi(s);
3064 * Tell apart "normal" usage of fdscript, e.g.
3065 * with bash on FreeBSD:
3066 * perl <( echo '#!perl -DA'; echo 'print "$0\n"')
3067 * from usage in suidperl.
3068 * Does any "normal" usage leave garbage after the number???
3069 * Is it a mistake to use a similar /dev/fd/ construct for
3074 * Be supersafe and do some sanity-checks.
3075 * Still, can we be sure we got the right thing?
3078 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Wrong syntax (suid) fd script name \"%s\"\n", s);
3081 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Missing (suid) fd script name\n");
3083 scriptname = savepv(s + 1);
3084 Safefree(PL_origfilename);
3085 PL_origfilename = scriptname;
3090 CopFILE_free(PL_curcop);
3091 CopFILE_set(PL_curcop, PL_origfilename);
3092 if (strEQ(PL_origfilename,"-"))
3094 if (PL_fdscript >= 0) {
3095 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_fdopen(PL_fdscript,PERL_SCRIPT_MODE);
3096 # if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3098 /* ensure close-on-exec */
3099 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,1);
3104 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "sperl needs fd script\n"
3105 "You should not call sperl directly; do you need to "
3106 "change a #! line\nfrom sperl to perl?\n");
3109 * Do not open (or do other fancy stuff) while setuid.
3110 * Perl does the open, and hands script to suidperl on a fd;
3111 * suidperl only does some checks, sets up UIDs and re-execs
3112 * perl with that fd as it has always done.
3115 if (PL_suidscript != 1) {
3116 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "suidperl needs (suid) fd script\n");
3119 else if (PL_preprocess) {
3120 char *cpp_cfg = CPPSTDIN;
3121 SV *cpp = newSVpvn("",0);
3122 SV *cmd = NEWSV(0,0);
3124 if (cpp_cfg[0] == 0) /* PERL_MICRO? */
3125 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't run with cpp -P with CPPSTDIN undefined");
3126 if (strEQ(cpp_cfg, "cppstdin"))
3127 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ cpp, "%s/", BIN_EXP);
3128 sv_catpv(cpp, cpp_cfg);
3131 sv_catpvn(sv, "-I", 2);
3132 sv_catpv(sv,PRIVLIB_EXP);
3135 DEBUG_P(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3136 "PL_preprocess: scriptname=\"%s\", cpp=\"%s\", sv=\"%s\", CPPMINUS=\"%s\"\n",
3137 scriptname, SvPVX (cpp), SvPVX (sv), CPPMINUS));
3139 # if defined(MSDOS) || defined(WIN32) || defined(VMS)
3146 cpp_discard_flag = "";
3148 cpp_discard_flag = "-C";
3152 perl = os2_execname(aTHX);
3154 perl = PL_origargv[0];
3158 /* This strips off Perl comments which might interfere with
3159 the C pre-processor, including #!. #line directives are
3160 deliberately stripped to avoid confusion with Perl's version
3161 of #line. FWP played some golf with it so it will fit
3162 into VMS's 255 character buffer.
3165 code = "(1../^#!.*perl/i)|/^\\s*#(?!\\s*((ifn?|un)def|(el|end)?if|define|include|else|error|pragma)\\b)/||!($|=1)||print";
3167 code = "/^\\s*#(?!\\s*((ifn?|un)def|(el|end)?if|define|include|else|error|pragma)\\b)/||!($|=1)||print";
3169 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ cmd, "\
3170 %s -ne%s%s%s %s | %"SVf" %s %"SVf" %s",
3171 perl, quote, code, quote, scriptname, cpp,
3172 cpp_discard_flag, sv, CPPMINUS);
3174 PL_doextract = FALSE;
3176 DEBUG_P(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3177 "PL_preprocess: cmd=\"%s\"\n",
3180 PL_rsfp = PerlProc_popen(SvPVX(cmd), "r");
3184 else if (!*scriptname) {
3185 forbid_setid("program input from stdin");
3186 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_stdin();
3189 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_open(scriptname,PERL_SCRIPT_MODE);
3190 # if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3192 /* ensure close-on-exec */
3193 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,1);
3196 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3198 /* PSz 16 Sep 03 Keep neat error message */
3199 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't open perl script \"%s\": %s\n",
3200 CopFILE(PL_curcop), Strerror(errno));
3205 * I_SYSSTATVFS HAS_FSTATVFS
3207 * I_STATFS HAS_FSTATFS HAS_GETFSSTAT
3208 * I_MNTENT HAS_GETMNTENT HAS_HASMNTOPT
3209 * here so that metaconfig picks them up. */
3213 S_fd_on_nosuid_fs(pTHX_ int fd)
3216 * We used to do this as "plain" user (after swapping UIDs with setreuid);
3217 * but is needed also on machines without setreuid.
3218 * Seems safe enough to run as root.
3220 int check_okay = 0; /* able to do all the required sys/libcalls */
3221 int on_nosuid = 0; /* the fd is on a nosuid fs */
3223 * Need to check noexec also: nosuid might not be set, the average
3224 * sysadmin would say that nosuid is irrelevant once he sets noexec.
3226 int on_noexec = 0; /* the fd is on a noexec fs */
3229 * Preferred order: fstatvfs(), fstatfs(), ustat()+getmnt(), getmntent().
3230 * fstatvfs() is UNIX98.
3231 * fstatfs() is 4.3 BSD.
3232 * ustat()+getmnt() is pre-4.3 BSD.
3233 * getmntent() is O(number-of-mounted-filesystems) and can hang on
3234 * an irrelevant filesystem while trying to reach the right one.
3237 #undef FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY /* found the syscalls to do the check? */
3239 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3240 defined(HAS_FSTATVFS)
3241 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3242 struct statvfs stfs;
3244 check_okay = fstatvfs(fd, &stfs) == 0;
3245 on_nosuid = check_okay && (stfs.f_flag & ST_NOSUID);
3247 /* ST_NOEXEC certainly absent on AIX 5.1, and doesn't seem to be documented
3248 on platforms where it is present. */
3249 on_noexec = check_okay && (stfs.f_flag & ST_NOEXEC);
3251 # endif /* fstatvfs */
3253 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3254 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID) && \
3255 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC) && \
3256 defined(HAS_FSTATFS) && \
3257 defined(HAS_STRUCT_STATFS) && \
3258 defined(HAS_STRUCT_STATFS_F_FLAGS)
3259 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3262 check_okay = fstatfs(fd, &stfs) == 0;
3263 on_nosuid = check_okay && (stfs.f_flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID);
3264 on_noexec = check_okay && (stfs.f_flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC);
3265 # endif /* fstatfs */
3267 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3268 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID) && \
3269 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC) && \
3270 defined(HAS_FSTAT) && \
3271 defined(HAS_USTAT) && \
3272 defined(HAS_GETMNT) && \
3273 defined(HAS_STRUCT_FS_DATA) && \
3275 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3278 if (fstat(fd, &fdst) == 0) {
3280 if (ustat(fdst.st_dev, &us) == 0) {
3282 /* NOSTAT_ONE here because we're not examining fields which
3283 * vary between that case and STAT_ONE. */
3284 if (getmnt((int*)0, &fsd, (int)0, NOSTAT_ONE, us.f_fname) == 0) {
3285 size_t cmplen = sizeof(us.f_fname);
3286 if (sizeof(fsd.fd_req.path) < cmplen)
3287 cmplen = sizeof(fsd.fd_req.path);
3288 if (strnEQ(fsd.fd_req.path, us.f_fname, cmplen) &&
3289 fdst.st_dev == fsd.fd_req.dev) {
3291 on_nosuid = fsd.fd_req.flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID;
3292 on_noexec = fsd.fd_req.flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC;
3298 # endif /* fstat+ustat+getmnt */
3300 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3301 defined(HAS_GETMNTENT) && \
3302 defined(HAS_HASMNTOPT) && \
3303 defined(MNTOPT_NOSUID) && \
3304 defined(MNTOPT_NOEXEC)
3305 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3306 FILE *mtab = fopen("/etc/mtab", "r");
3307 struct mntent *entry;
3310 if (mtab && (fstat(fd, &stb) == 0)) {
3311 while (entry = getmntent(mtab)) {
3312 if (stat(entry->mnt_dir, &fsb) == 0
3313 && fsb.st_dev == stb.st_dev)
3315 /* found the filesystem */
3317 if (hasmntopt(entry, MNTOPT_NOSUID))
3319 if (hasmntopt(entry, MNTOPT_NOEXEC))
3322 } /* A single fs may well fail its stat(). */
3327 # endif /* getmntent+hasmntopt */
3330 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't check filesystem of script \"%s\" for nosuid/noexec", PL_origfilename);
3332 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script \"%s\" on nosuid filesystem", PL_origfilename);
3334 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script \"%s\" on noexec filesystem", PL_origfilename);
3335 return ((!check_okay) || on_nosuid || on_noexec);
3337 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3340 S_validate_suid(pTHX_ char *validarg, char *scriptname)
3344 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3346 /* do we need to emulate setuid on scripts? */
3348 /* This code is for those BSD systems that have setuid #! scripts disabled
3349 * in the kernel because of a security problem. Merely defining DOSUID
3350 * in perl will not fix that problem, but if you have disabled setuid
3351 * scripts in the kernel, this will attempt to emulate setuid and setgid
3352 * on scripts that have those now-otherwise-useless bits set. The setuid
3353 * root version must be called suidperl or sperlN.NNN. If regular perl
3354 * discovers that it has opened a setuid script, it calls suidperl with
3355 * the same argv that it had. If suidperl finds that the script it has
3356 * just opened is NOT setuid root, it sets the effective uid back to the
3357 * uid. We don't just make perl setuid root because that loses the
3358 * effective uid we had before invoking perl, if it was different from the
3361 * Description/comments above do not match current workings:
3362 * suidperl must be hardlinked to sperlN.NNN (that is what we exec);
3363 * suidperl called with script open and name changed to /dev/fd/N/X;
3364 * suidperl croaks if script is not setuid;
3365 * making perl setuid would be a huge security risk (and yes, that
3366 * would lose any euid we might have had).
3368 * DOSUID must be defined in both perl and suidperl, and IAMSUID must
3369 * be defined in suidperl only. suidperl must be setuid root. The
3370 * Configure script will set this up for you if you want it.
3376 if (PerlLIO_fstat(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),&PL_statbuf) < 0) /* normal stat is insecure */
3377 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't stat script \"%s\"",PL_origfilename);
3378 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & (S_ISUID|S_ISGID)) {
3383 if (PL_fdscript < 0 || PL_suidscript != 1)
3384 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Need (suid) fdscript in suidperl\n"); /* We already checked this */
3386 * Since the script is opened by perl, not suidperl, some of these
3387 * checks are superfluous. Leaving them in probably does not lower
3391 * Do checks even for systems with no HAS_SETREUID.
3392 * We used to swap, then re-swap UIDs with
3394 if (setreuid(PL_euid,PL_uid) < 0
3395 || PerlProc_getuid() != PL_euid || PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_uid)
3396 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't swap uid and euid");
3399 if (setreuid(PL_uid,PL_euid) < 0
3400 || PerlProc_getuid() != PL_uid || PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_euid)
3401 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't reswap uid and euid");
3405 /* On this access check to make sure the directories are readable,
3406 * there is actually a small window that the user could use to make
3407 * filename point to an accessible directory. So there is a faint
3408 * chance that someone could execute a setuid script down in a
3409 * non-accessible directory. I don't know what to do about that.
3410 * But I don't think it's too important. The manual lies when
3411 * it says access() is useful in setuid programs.
3413 * So, access() is pretty useless... but not harmful... do anyway.
3415 if (PerlLIO_access(CopFILE(PL_curcop),1)) { /*double check*/
3416 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't access() script\n");
3419 /* If we can swap euid and uid, then we can determine access rights
3420 * with a simple stat of the file, and then compare device and
3421 * inode to make sure we did stat() on the same file we opened.
3422 * Then we just have to make sure he or she can execute it.
3425 * As the script is opened by perl, not suidperl, we do not need to
3426 * care much about access rights.
3428 * The 'script changed' check is needed, or we can get lied to
3429 * about $0 with e.g.
3430 * suidperl /dev/fd/4//bin/x 4<setuidscript
3431 * Without HAS_SETREUID, is it safe to stat() as root?
3433 * Are there any operating systems that pass /dev/fd/xxx for setuid
3434 * scripts, as suggested/described in perlsec(1)? Surely they do not
3435 * pass the script name as we do, so the "script changed" test would
3436 * fail for them... but we never get here with
3437 * SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW defined.
3439 * This is one place where we must "lie" about return status: not
3440 * say if the stat() failed. We are doing this as root, and could
3441 * be tricked into reporting existence or not of files that the
3442 * "plain" user cannot even see.
3446 if (PerlLIO_stat(CopFILE(PL_curcop),&tmpstatbuf) < 0 ||
3447 tmpstatbuf.st_dev != PL_statbuf.st_dev ||
3448 tmpstatbuf.st_ino != PL_statbuf.st_ino) {
3449 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script changed\n");
3453 if (!cando(S_IXUSR,FALSE,&PL_statbuf)) /* can real uid exec? */
3454 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Real UID cannot exec script\n");
3457 * We used to do this check as the "plain" user (after swapping
3458 * UIDs). But the check for nosuid and noexec filesystem is needed,
3459 * and should be done even without HAS_SETREUID. (Maybe those
3460 * operating systems do not have such mount options anyway...)
3461 * Seems safe enough to do as root.
3463 #if !defined(NO_NOSUID_CHECK)
3464 if (fd_on_nosuid_fs(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp))) {
3465 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script on nosuid or noexec filesystem\n");
3468 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3470 if (!S_ISREG(PL_statbuf.st_mode)) {
3471 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script not plain file\n");
3473 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_IWOTH)
3474 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid/gid script is writable by world");
3475 PL_doswitches = FALSE; /* -s is insecure in suid */
3476 /* PSz 13 Nov 03 But -s was caught elsewhere ... so unsetting it here is useless(?!) */
3477 CopLINE_inc(PL_curcop);
3478 if (sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0) == Nullch ||
3479 strnNE(SvPV(PL_linestr,n_a),"#!",2) ) /* required even on Sys V */
3480 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No #! line");
3481 s = SvPV(PL_linestr,n_a)+2;
3483 /* Sanity check on line length */
3484 if (strlen(s) < 1 || strlen(s) > 4000)
3485 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Very long #! line");
3486 /* Allow more than a single space after #! */
3487 while (isSPACE(*s)) s++;
3488 /* Sanity check on buffer end */
3489 while ((*s) && !isSPACE(*s)) s++;
3490 for (s2 = s; (s2 > SvPV(PL_linestr,n_a)+2 &&
3491 (isDIGIT(s2[-1]) || s2[-1] == '.' || s2[-1] == '_'
3492 || s2[-1] == '-')); s2--) ;
3493 /* Sanity check on buffer start */
3494 if ( (s2-4 < SvPV(PL_linestr,n_a)+2 || strnNE(s2-4,"perl",4)) &&
3495 (s-9 < SvPV(PL_linestr,n_a)+2 || strnNE(s-9,"perl",4)) )
3496 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Not a perl script");
3497 while (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t') s++;
3499 * #! arg must be what we saw above. They can invoke it by
3500 * mentioning suidperl explicitly, but they may not add any strange
3501 * arguments beyond what #! says if they do invoke suidperl that way.
3504 * The way validarg was set up, we rely on the kernel to start
3505 * scripts with argv[1] set to contain all #! line switches (the
3509 * Check that we got all the arguments listed in the #! line (not
3510 * just that there are no extraneous arguments). Might not matter
3511 * much, as switches from #! line seem to be acted upon (also), and
3512 * so may be checked and trapped in perl. But, security checks must
3513 * be done in suidperl and not deferred to perl. Note that suidperl
3514 * does not get around to parsing (and checking) the switches on
3515 * the #! line (but execs perl sooner).
3516 * Allow (require) a trailing newline (which may be of two
3517 * characters on some architectures?) (but no other trailing
3520 len = strlen(validarg);
3521 if (strEQ(validarg," PHOOEY ") ||
3522 strnNE(s,validarg,len) || !isSPACE(s[len]) ||
3523 !(strlen(s) == len+1 || (strlen(s) == len+2 && isSPACE(s[len+1]))))
3524 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Args must match #! line");
3527 if (PL_fdscript < 0 &&
3528 PL_euid != PL_uid && (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID) &&
3529 PL_euid == PL_statbuf.st_uid)
3531 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "YOU HAVEN'T DISABLED SET-ID SCRIPTS IN THE KERNEL YET!\n\
3532 FIX YOUR KERNEL, OR PUT A C WRAPPER AROUND THIS SCRIPT!\n");
3533 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3535 if (PL_fdscript < 0 &&
3536 PL_euid) { /* oops, we're not the setuid root perl */
3538 * When root runs a setuid script, we do not go through the same
3539 * steps of execing sperl and then perl with fd scripts, but
3540 * simply set up UIDs within the same perl invocation; so do
3541 * not have the same checks (on options, whatever) that we have
3542 * for plain users. No problem really: would have to be a script
3543 * that does not actually work for plain users; and if root is
3544 * foolish and can be persuaded to run such an unsafe script, he
3545 * might run also non-setuid ones, and deserves what he gets.
3547 * Or, we might drop the PL_euid check above (and rely just on
3548 * PL_fdscript to avoid loops), and do the execs
3554 * Pass fd script to suidperl.
3555 * Exec suidperl, substituting fd script for scriptname.
3556 * Pass script name as "subdir" of fd, which perl will grok;
3557 * in fact will use that to distinguish this from "normal"
3558 * usage, see comments above.
3560 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
3561 PerlLIO_lseek(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),(Off_t)0,0); /* just in case rewind didn't */
3562 /* PSz 27 Feb 04 Sanity checks on scriptname */
3563 if ((!scriptname) || (!*scriptname) ) {
3564 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No setuid script name\n");
3566 if (*scriptname == '-') {
3567 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script name may not begin with dash\n");
3568 /* Or we might confuse it with an option when replacing
3569 * name in argument list, below (though we do pointer, not
3570 * string, comparisons).
3573 for (which = 1; PL_origargv[which] && PL_origargv[which] != scriptname; which++) ;
3574 if (!PL_origargv[which]) {
3575 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't change argv to have fd script\n");
3577 PL_origargv[which] = savepv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "/dev/fd/%d/%s",
3578 PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp), PL_origargv[which]));
3579 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3580 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,0); /* ensure no close-on-exec */
3583 PerlProc_execv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s/sperl"PERL_FS_VER_FMT, BIN_EXP,
3584 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
3585 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION), PL_origargv);
3587 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3588 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setuid (cannot exec sperl)\n");
3591 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISGID && PL_statbuf.st_gid != PL_egid) {
3593 * This seems back to front: we try HAS_SETEGID first; if not available
3594 * then try HAS_SETREGID; as a last chance we try HAS_SETRESGID. May be OK
3595 * in the sense that we only want to set EGID; but are there any machines
3596 * with either of the latter, but not the former? Same with UID, later.
3599 (void)setegid(PL_statbuf.st_gid);
3602 (void)setregid((Gid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_gid);
3604 #ifdef HAS_SETRESGID
3605 (void)setresgid((Gid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_gid,(Gid_t)-1);
3607 PerlProc_setgid(PL_statbuf.st_gid);
3611 if (PerlProc_getegid() != PL_statbuf.st_gid)
3612 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setegid!\n");
3614 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID) {
3615 if (PL_statbuf.st_uid != PL_euid)
3617 (void)seteuid(PL_statbuf.st_uid); /* all that for this */
3620 (void)setreuid((Uid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_uid);
3622 #ifdef HAS_SETRESUID
3623 (void)setresuid((Uid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_uid,(Uid_t)-1);
3625 PerlProc_setuid(PL_statbuf.st_uid);
3629 if (PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_statbuf.st_uid)
3630 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do seteuid!\n");
3632 else if (PL_uid) { /* oops, mustn't run as root */
3634 (void)seteuid((Uid_t)PL_uid);
3637 (void)setreuid((Uid_t)-1,(Uid_t)PL_uid);
3639 #ifdef HAS_SETRESUID
3640 (void)setresuid((Uid_t)-1,(Uid_t)PL_uid,(Uid_t)-1);
3642 PerlProc_setuid((Uid_t)PL_uid);
3646 if (PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_uid)
3647 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do seteuid!\n");
3650 if (!cando(S_IXUSR,TRUE,&PL_statbuf))
3651 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Effective UID cannot exec script\n"); /* they can't do this */
3654 else if (PL_preprocess) /* PSz 13 Nov 03 Caught elsewhere, useless(?!) here */
3655 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "-P not allowed for setuid/setgid script\n");
3656 else if (PL_fdscript < 0 || PL_suidscript != 1)
3657 /* PSz 13 Nov 03 Caught elsewhere, useless(?!) here */
3658 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "(suid) fdscript needed in suidperl\n");
3660 /* PSz 16 Sep 03 Keep neat error message */
3661 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Script is not setuid/setgid in suidperl\n");
3664 /* We absolutely must clear out any saved ids here, so we */
3665 /* exec the real perl, substituting fd script for scriptname. */
3666 /* (We pass script name as "subdir" of fd, which perl will grok.) */
3668 * It might be thought that using setresgid and/or setresuid (changed to
3669 * set the saved IDs) above might obviate the need to exec, and we could
3670 * go on to "do the perl thing".
3672 * Is there such a thing as "saved GID", and is that set for setuid (but
3673 * not setgid) execution like suidperl? Without exec, it would not be
3674 * cleared for setuid (but not setgid) scripts (or might need a dummy
3677 * We need suidperl to do the exact same argument checking that perl
3678 * does. Thus it cannot be very small; while it could be significantly
3679 * smaller, it is safer (simpler?) to make it essentially the same
3680 * binary as perl (but they are not identical). - Maybe could defer that
3681 * check to the invoked perl, and suidperl be a tiny wrapper instead;
3682 * but prefer to do thorough checks in suidperl itself. Such deferral
3683 * would make suidperl security rely on perl, a design no-no.
3685 * Setuid things should be short and simple, thus easy to understand and
3686 * verify. They should do their "own thing", without influence by
3687 * attackers. It may help if their internal execution flow is fixed,
3688 * regardless of platform: it may be best to exec anyway.
3690 * Suidperl should at least be conceptually simple: a wrapper only,
3691 * never to do any real perl. Maybe we should put
3693 * Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Suidperl should never do real perl\n");
3695 * into the perly bits.
3697 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
3698 PerlLIO_lseek(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),(Off_t)0,0); /* just in case rewind didn't */
3700 * Keep original arguments: suidperl already has fd script.
3702 /* for (which = 1; PL_origargv[which] && PL_origargv[which] != scriptname; which++) ; */
3703 /* if (!PL_origargv[which]) { */
3704 /* errno = EPERM; */
3705 /* Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Permission denied\n"); */
3707 /* PL_origargv[which] = savepv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "/dev/fd/%d/%s", */
3708 /* PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp), PL_origargv[which])); */
3709 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3710 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,0); /* ensure no close-on-exec */
3713 PerlProc_execv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s/perl"PERL_FS_VER_FMT, BIN_EXP,
3714 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
3715 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION), PL_origargv);/* try again */
3717 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setuid (suidperl cannot exec perl)\n");
3718 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3720 if (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid) { /* (suidperl doesn't exist, in fact) */
3721 #ifndef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
3722 PerlLIO_fstat(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),&PL_statbuf); /* may be either wrapped or real suid */
3723 if ((PL_euid != PL_uid && PL_euid == PL_statbuf.st_uid && PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID)
3725 (PL_egid != PL_gid && PL_egid == PL_statbuf.st_gid && PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISGID)
3728 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "YOU HAVEN'T DISABLED SET-ID SCRIPTS IN THE KERNEL YET!\n\
3729 FIX YOUR KERNEL, PUT A C WRAPPER AROUND THIS SCRIPT, OR USE -u AND UNDUMP!\n");
3730 #endif /* SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW */
3731 /* not set-id, must be wrapped */
3737 S_find_beginning(pTHX)
3739 register char *s, *s2;
3740 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3744 /* skip forward in input to the real script? */
3747 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3748 /* Since the Mac OS does not honor #! arguments for us, we do it ourselves */
3750 while (PL_doextract || gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
3751 if ((s = sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0)) == Nullch) {
3752 if (!gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract)
3753 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No Perl script found in input\n");
3755 if (PL_doextract) /* require explicit override ? */
3756 if (!OverrideExtract(PL_origfilename))
3757 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "User aborted script\n");
3759 PL_doextract = FALSE;
3761 /* Pater peccavi, file does not have #! */
3762 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
3767 while (PL_doextract) {
3768 if ((s = sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0)) == Nullch)
3769 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No Perl script found in input\n");
3772 if (*s == '#' && s[1] == '!' && ((s = instr(s,"perl")) || (s = instr(s2,"PERL")))) {
3773 PerlIO_ungetc(PL_rsfp, '\n'); /* to keep line count right */
3774 PL_doextract = FALSE;
3775 while (*s && !(isSPACE (*s) || *s == '#')) s++;
3777 while (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t') s++;
3779 while (isDIGIT(s2[-1]) || s2[-1] == '-' || s2[-1] == '.'
3780 || s2[-1] == '_') s2--;
3781 if (strnEQ(s2-4,"perl",4))
3783 while ((s = moreswitches(s)))
3786 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3787 /* We are always searching for the #!perl line in MacPerl,
3788 * so if we find it, still keep the line count correct
3789 * by counting lines we already skipped over
3791 for (; maclines > 0 ; maclines--)
3792 PerlIO_ungetc(PL_rsfp, '\n');
3796 /* gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract is false in MPW tool */
3797 } else if (gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
3808 PL_uid = PerlProc_getuid();
3809 PL_euid = PerlProc_geteuid();
3810 PL_gid = PerlProc_getgid();
3811 PL_egid = PerlProc_getegid();
3813 PL_uid |= PL_gid << 16;
3814 PL_euid |= PL_egid << 16;
3816 /* Should not happen: */
3817 CHECK_MALLOC_TAINT(PL_uid && (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid));
3818 PL_tainting |= (PL_uid && (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid));
3821 * Should go by suidscript, not uid!=euid: why disallow
3822 * system("ls") in scripts run from setuid things?
3823 * Or, is this run before we check arguments and set suidscript?
3824 * What about SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW: could we use fdscript then?
3825 * (We never have suidscript, can we be sure to have fdscript?)
3826 * Or must then go by UID checks? See comments in forbid_setid also.
3830 /* This is used very early in the lifetime of the program,
3831 * before even the options are parsed, so PL_tainting has
3832 * not been initialized properly. */
3834 Perl_doing_taint(int argc, char *argv[], char *envp[])
3836 #ifndef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
3837 /* If we have PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS we can't call getuid() et alia
3838 * before we have an interpreter-- and the whole point of this
3839 * function is to be called at such an early stage. If you are on
3840 * a system with PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS but you do have a concept of
3841 * "tainted because running with altered effective ids', you'll
3842 * have to add your own checks somewhere in here. The two most
3843 * known samples of 'implicitness' are Win32 and NetWare, neither
3844 * of which has much of concept of 'uids'. */
3845 int uid = PerlProc_getuid();
3846 int euid = PerlProc_geteuid();
3847 int gid = PerlProc_getgid();
3848 int egid = PerlProc_getegid();
3854 if (uid && (euid != uid || egid != gid))
3856 #endif /* !PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS */
3857 /* This is a really primitive check; environment gets ignored only
3858 * if -T are the first chars together; otherwise one gets
3859 * "Too late" message. */
3860 if ( argc > 1 && argv[1][0] == '-'
3861 && (argv[1][1] == 't' || argv[1][1] == 'T') )
3867 S_forbid_setid(pTHX_ char *s)
3869 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
3870 if (PL_euid != PL_uid)
3871 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed while running setuid", s);
3872 if (PL_egid != PL_gid)
3873 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed while running setgid", s);
3874 #endif /* SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW */
3876 * Checks for UID/GID above "wrong": why disallow
3877 * perl -e 'print "Hello\n"'
3878 * from within setuid things?? Simply drop them: replaced by
3879 * fdscript/suidscript and #ifdef IAMSUID checks below.
3881 * This may be too late for command-line switches. Will catch those on
3882 * the #! line, after finding the script name and setting up
3883 * fdscript/suidscript. Note that suidperl does not get around to
3884 * parsing (and checking) the switches on the #! line, but checks that
3885 * the two sets are identical.
3887 * With SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW, could we use fdscript, also or
3888 * instead, or would that be "too late"? (We never have suidscript, can
3889 * we be sure to have fdscript?)
3891 * Catch things with suidscript (in descendant of suidperl), even with
3892 * right UID/GID. Was already checked in suidperl, with #ifdef IAMSUID,
3893 * below; but I am paranoid.
3895 * Also see comments about root running a setuid script, elsewhere.
3897 if (PL_suidscript >= 0)
3898 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed with (suid) fdscript", s);
3900 /* PSz 11 Nov 03 Catch it in suidperl, always! */
3901 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed in suidperl", s);
3902 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3906 Perl_init_debugger(pTHX)
3908 HV *ostash = PL_curstash;
3910 PL_curstash = PL_debstash;
3911 PL_dbargs = GvAV(gv_AVadd((gv_fetchpv("DB::args", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVAV))));
3912 AvREAL_off(PL_dbargs);
3913 PL_DBgv = gv_fetchpv("DB::DB", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVGV);
3914 PL_DBline = gv_fetchpv("DB::dbline", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVAV);
3915 PL_DBsub = gv_HVadd(gv_fetchpv("DB::sub", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
3916 sv_upgrade(GvSV(PL_DBsub), SVt_IV); /* IVX accessed if PERLDB_SUB_NN */
3917 PL_DBsingle = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("DB::single", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
3918 sv_setiv(PL_DBsingle, 0);
3919 PL_DBtrace = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("DB::trace", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
3920 sv_setiv(PL_DBtrace, 0);
3921 PL_DBsignal = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("DB::signal", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
3922 sv_setiv(PL_DBsignal, 0);
3923 PL_DBassertion = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("DB::assertion", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
3924 sv_setiv(PL_DBassertion, 0);
3925 PL_curstash = ostash;
3928 #ifndef STRESS_REALLOC
3929 #define REASONABLE(size) (size)
3931 #define REASONABLE(size) (1) /* unreasonable */
3935 Perl_init_stacks(pTHX)
3937 /* start with 128-item stack and 8K cxstack */
3938 PL_curstackinfo = new_stackinfo(REASONABLE(128),
3939 REASONABLE(8192/sizeof(PERL_CONTEXT) - 1));
3940 PL_curstackinfo->si_type = PERLSI_MAIN;
3941 PL_curstack = PL_curstackinfo->si_stack;
3942 PL_mainstack = PL_curstack; /* remember in case we switch stacks */
3944 PL_stack_base = AvARRAY(PL_curstack);
3945 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base;
3946 PL_stack_max = PL_stack_base + AvMAX(PL_curstack);
3948 New(50,PL_tmps_stack,REASONABLE(128),SV*);
3951 PL_tmps_max = REASONABLE(128);
3953 New(54,PL_markstack,REASONABLE(32),I32);
3954 PL_markstack_ptr = PL_markstack;
3955 PL_markstack_max = PL_markstack + REASONABLE(32);
3959 New(54,PL_scopestack,REASONABLE(32),I32);
3960 PL_scopestack_ix = 0;
3961 PL_scopestack_max = REASONABLE(32);
3963 New(54,PL_savestack,REASONABLE(128),ANY);
3964 PL_savestack_ix = 0;
3965 PL_savestack_max = REASONABLE(128);
3973 while (PL_curstackinfo->si_next)
3974 PL_curstackinfo = PL_curstackinfo->si_next;
3975 while (PL_curstackinfo) {
3976 PERL_SI *p = PL_curstackinfo->si_prev;
3977 /* curstackinfo->si_stack got nuked by sv_free_arenas() */
3978 Safefree(PL_curstackinfo->si_cxstack);
3979 Safefree(PL_curstackinfo);
3980 PL_curstackinfo = p;
3982 Safefree(PL_tmps_stack);
3983 Safefree(PL_markstack);
3984 Safefree(PL_scopestack);
3985 Safefree(PL_savestack);
3994 lex_start(PL_linestr);
3996 PL_subname = newSVpvn("main",4);
4000 S_init_predump_symbols(pTHX)
4005 sv_setpvn(get_sv("\"", TRUE), " ", 1);
4006 PL_stdingv = gv_fetchpv("STDIN",TRUE, SVt_PVIO);
4007 GvMULTI_on(PL_stdingv);
4008 io = GvIOp(PL_stdingv);
4009 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_RDONLY;
4010 IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stdin();
4011 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("stdin",TRUE, SVt_PV);
4013 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc(io);
4015 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("STDOUT",TRUE, SVt_PVIO);
4018 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_WRONLY;
4019 IoOFP(io) = IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stdout();
4021 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("stdout",TRUE, SVt_PV);
4023 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc(io);
4025 PL_stderrgv = gv_fetchpv("STDERR",TRUE, SVt_PVIO);
4026 GvMULTI_on(PL_stderrgv);
4027 io = GvIOp(PL_stderrgv);
4028 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_WRONLY;
4029 IoOFP(io) = IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stderr();
4030 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("stderr",TRUE, SVt_PV);
4032 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc(io);
4034 PL_statname = NEWSV(66,0); /* last filename we did stat on */
4037 Safefree(PL_osname);
4038 PL_osname = savepv(OSNAME);
4042 Perl_init_argv_symbols(pTHX_ register int argc, register char **argv)
4045 argc--,argv++; /* skip name of script */
4046 if (PL_doswitches) {
4047 for (; argc > 0 && **argv == '-'; argc--,argv++) {
4050 if (argv[0][1] == '-' && !argv[0][2]) {
4054 if ((s = strchr(argv[0], '='))) {
4056 sv_setpv(GvSV(gv_fetchpv(argv[0]+1,TRUE, SVt_PV)),s);
4059 sv_setiv(GvSV(gv_fetchpv(argv[0]+1,TRUE, SVt_PV)),1);
4062 if ((PL_argvgv = gv_fetchpv("ARGV",TRUE, SVt_PVAV))) {
4063 GvMULTI_on(PL_argvgv);
4064 (void)gv_AVadd(PL_argvgv);
4065 av_clear(GvAVn(PL_argvgv));
4066 for (; argc > 0; argc--,argv++) {
4067 SV *sv = newSVpv(argv[0],0);
4068 av_push(GvAVn(PL_argvgv),sv);
4069 if (!(PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_LOCALE_FLAG) || PL_utf8locale) {
4070 if (PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_ARGV_FLAG)
4073 if (PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_WIDESYSCALLS_FLAG) /* Sarathy? */
4074 (void)sv_utf8_decode(sv);
4080 S_init_postdump_symbols(pTHX_ register int argc, register char **argv, register char **env)
4086 PL_toptarget = NEWSV(0,0);
4087 sv_upgrade(PL_toptarget, SVt_PVFM);
4088 sv_setpvn(PL_toptarget, "", 0);
4089 PL_bodytarget = NEWSV(0,0);
4090 sv_upgrade(PL_bodytarget, SVt_PVFM);
4091 sv_setpvn(PL_bodytarget, "", 0);
4092 PL_formtarget = PL_bodytarget;
4096 init_argv_symbols(argc,argv);
4098 if ((tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("0",TRUE, SVt_PV))) {
4099 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4100 /* $0 is not majick on a Mac */
4101 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv),MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
4103 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv),PL_origfilename);
4104 magicname("0", "0", 1);
4107 if ((PL_envgv = gv_fetchpv("ENV",TRUE, SVt_PVHV))) {
4109 GvMULTI_on(PL_envgv);
4110 hv = GvHVn(PL_envgv);
4111 hv_magic(hv, Nullgv, PERL_MAGIC_env);
4113 #ifdef USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY
4114 /* Note that if the supplied env parameter is actually a copy
4115 of the global environ then it may now point to free'd memory
4116 if the environment has been modified since. To avoid this
4117 problem we treat env==NULL as meaning 'use the default'
4122 # ifdef USE_ITHREADS
4123 && PL_curinterp == aTHX
4127 environ[0] = Nullch;
4130 char** origenv = environ;
4131 for (; *env; env++) {
4132 if (!(s = strchr(*env,'=')) || s == *env)
4134 #if defined(MSDOS) && !defined(DJGPP)
4139 sv = newSVpv(s+1, 0);
4140 (void)hv_store(hv, *env, s - *env, sv, 0);
4143 if (origenv != environ) {
4144 /* realloc has shifted us */
4145 env = (env - origenv) + environ;
4150 #endif /* USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY */
4151 #endif /* !PERL_MICRO */
4154 if ((tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("$",TRUE, SVt_PV))) {
4155 SvREADONLY_off(GvSV(tmpgv));
4156 sv_setiv(GvSV(tmpgv), (IV)PerlProc_getpid());
4157 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(tmpgv));
4159 #ifdef THREADS_HAVE_PIDS
4160 PL_ppid = (IV)getppid();
4163 /* touch @F array to prevent spurious warnings 20020415 MJD */
4165 (void) get_av("main::F", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4167 /* touch @- and @+ arrays to prevent spurious warnings 20020415 MJD */
4168 (void) get_av("main::-", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4169 (void) get_av("main::+", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4173 S_init_perllib(pTHX)
4178 s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL5LIB");
4180 incpush(s, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE);
4182 incpush(PerlEnv_getenv("PERLLIB"), FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4184 /* Treat PERL5?LIB as a possible search list logical name -- the
4185 * "natural" VMS idiom for a Unix path string. We allow each
4186 * element to be a set of |-separated directories for compatibility.
4190 if (my_trnlnm("PERL5LIB",buf,0))
4191 do { incpush(buf,TRUE,TRUE,TRUE,FALSE); } while (my_trnlnm("PERL5LIB",buf,++idx));
4193 while (my_trnlnm("PERLLIB",buf,idx++)) incpush(buf,FALSE,FALSE,TRUE,FALSE);
4197 /* Use the ~-expanded versions of APPLLIB (undocumented),
4198 ARCHLIB PRIVLIB SITEARCH SITELIB VENDORARCH and VENDORLIB
4201 incpush(APPLLIB_EXP, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4205 incpush(ARCHLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4207 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4210 SV * privdir = NEWSV(55, 0);
4211 char * macperl = PerlEnv_getenv("MACPERL");
4216 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ privdir, "%slib:", macperl);
4217 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(privdir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 && S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode))
4218 incpush(SvPVX(privdir), TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4219 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ privdir, "%ssite_perl:", macperl);
4220 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(privdir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 && S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode))
4221 incpush(SvPVX(privdir), TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4223 SvREFCNT_dec(privdir);
4226 incpush(":", FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4229 # define PRIVLIB_EXP "/usr/local/lib/perl5:/usr/local/lib/perl"
4232 incpush(PRIVLIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4234 incpush(PRIVLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4238 /* sitearch is always relative to sitelib on Windows for
4239 * DLL-based path intuition to work correctly */
4240 # if !defined(WIN32)
4241 incpush(SITEARCH_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4247 /* this picks up sitearch as well */
4248 incpush(SITELIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4250 incpush(SITELIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4254 #ifdef SITELIB_STEM /* Search for version-specific dirs below here */
4255 incpush(SITELIB_STEM, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4258 #ifdef PERL_VENDORARCH_EXP
4259 /* vendorarch is always relative to vendorlib on Windows for
4260 * DLL-based path intuition to work correctly */
4261 # if !defined(WIN32)
4262 incpush(PERL_VENDORARCH_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4266 #ifdef PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP
4268 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE); /* this picks up vendorarch as well */
4270 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4274 #ifdef PERL_VENDORLIB_STEM /* Search for version-specific dirs below here */
4275 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_STEM, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4278 #ifdef PERL_OTHERLIBDIRS
4279 incpush(PERL_OTHERLIBDIRS, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4283 incpush(".", FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4284 #endif /* MACOS_TRADITIONAL */
4287 #if defined(DOSISH) || defined(EPOC)
4288 # define PERLLIB_SEP ';'
4291 # define PERLLIB_SEP '|'
4293 # if defined(MACOS_TRADITIONAL)
4294 # define PERLLIB_SEP ','
4296 # define PERLLIB_SEP ':'
4300 #ifndef PERLLIB_MANGLE
4301 # define PERLLIB_MANGLE(s,n) (s)
4304 /* Push a directory onto @INC if it exists.
4305 Generate a new SV if we do this, to save needing to copy the SV we push
4308 S_incpush_if_exists(pTHX_ SV *dir)
4311 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(dir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 &&
4312 S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode)) {
4313 av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), dir);
4320 S_incpush(pTHX_ char *p, int addsubdirs, int addoldvers, int usesep,
4323 SV *subdir = Nullsv;
4328 if (addsubdirs || addoldvers) {
4329 subdir = NEWSV(0,0);
4332 /* Break at all separators */
4334 SV *libdir = NEWSV(55,0);
4337 /* skip any consecutive separators */
4339 while ( *p == PERLLIB_SEP ) {
4340 /* Uncomment the next line for PATH semantics */
4341 /* av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), newSVpvn(".", 1)); */
4346 if ( usesep && (s = strchr(p, PERLLIB_SEP)) != Nullch ) {
4347 sv_setpvn(libdir, PERLLIB_MANGLE(p, (STRLEN)(s - p)),
4352 sv_setpv(libdir, PERLLIB_MANGLE(p, 0));
4353 p = Nullch; /* break out */
4355 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4356 if (!strchr(SvPVX(libdir), ':')) {
4359 sv_setpv(libdir, MacPerl_CanonDir(SvPVX(libdir), buf, 0));
4361 if (SvPVX(libdir)[SvCUR(libdir)-1] != ':')
4362 sv_catpv(libdir, ":");
4365 #ifdef PERL_RELOCATABLE_INC
4367 * Relocatable include entries are marked with a leading .../
4370 * 0: Remove that leading ".../"
4371 * 1: Remove trailing executable name (anything after the last '/')
4372 * from the perl path to give a perl prefix
4374 * While the @INC element starts "../" and the prefix ends with a real
4375 * directory (ie not . or ..) chop that real directory off the prefix
4376 * and the leading "../" from the @INC element. ie a logical "../"
4378 * Finally concatenate the prefix and the remainder of the @INC element
4379 * The intent is that /usr/local/bin/perl and .../../lib/perl5
4380 * generates /usr/local/lib/perl5
4383 char *libpath = SvPVX(libdir);
4384 STRLEN libpath_len = SvCUR(libdir);
4385 if (libpath_len >= 4 && memEQ (libpath, ".../", 4)) {
4387 SV *caret_X = get_sv("\030", 0);
4388 /* Going to use the SV just as a scratch buffer holding a C
4394 /* $^X is *the* source of taint if tainting is on, hence
4395 SvPOK() won't be true. */
4397 assert(SvPOKp(caret_X));
4398 prefix_sv = newSVpvn(SvPVX(caret_X), SvCUR(caret_X));
4399 /* Firstly take off the leading .../
4400 If all else fail we'll do the paths relative to the current
4402 sv_chop(libdir, libpath + 4);
4403 /* Don't use SvPV as we're intentionally bypassing taining,
4404 mortal copies that the mg_get of tainting creates, and
4405 corruption that seems to come via the save stack.
4406 I guess that the save stack isn't correctly set up yet. */
4407 libpath = SvPVX(libdir);
4408 libpath_len = SvCUR(libdir);
4410 /* This would work more efficiently with memrchr, but as it's
4411 only a GNU extension we'd need to probe for it and
4412 implement our own. Not hard, but maybe not worth it? */
4414 prefix = SvPVX(prefix_sv);
4415 lastslash = strrchr(prefix, '/');
4417 /* First time in with the *lastslash = '\0' we just wipe off
4418 the trailing /perl from (say) /usr/foo/bin/perl
4422 while ((*lastslash = '\0'), /* Do that, come what may. */
4423 (libpath_len >= 3 && memEQ(libpath, "../", 3)
4424 && (lastslash = strrchr(prefix, '/')))) {
4425 if (lastslash[1] == '\0'
4426 || (lastslash[1] == '.'
4427 && (lastslash[2] == '/' /* ends "/." */
4428 || (lastslash[2] == '/'
4429 && lastslash[3] == '/' /* or "/.." */
4431 /* Prefix ends "/" or "/." or "/..", any of which
4432 are fishy, so don't do any more logical cleanup.
4436 /* Remove leading "../" from path */
4439 /* Next iteration round the loop removes the last
4440 directory name from prefix by writing a '\0' in
4441 the while clause. */
4443 /* prefix has been terminated with a '\0' to the correct
4444 length. libpath points somewhere into the libdir SV.
4445 We need to join the 2 with '/' and drop the result into
4447 tempsv = Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "%s/%s", prefix, libpath);
4448 SvREFCNT_dec(libdir);
4449 /* And this is the new libdir. */
4452 (PL_uid != PL_euid || PL_gid != PL_egid)) {
4453 /* Need to taint reloccated paths if running set ID */
4454 SvTAINTED_on(libdir);
4457 SvREFCNT_dec(prefix_sv);
4462 * BEFORE pushing libdir onto @INC we may first push version- and
4463 * archname-specific sub-directories.
4465 if (addsubdirs || addoldvers) {
4466 #ifdef PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST
4467 /* Configure terminates PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST with a NULL */
4468 const char *incverlist[] = { PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST };
4469 const char **incver;
4475 if ((unix = tounixspec_ts(SvPV(libdir,len),Nullch)) != Nullch) {
4477 while (unix[len-1] == '/') len--; /* Cosmetic */
4478 sv_usepvn(libdir,unix,len);
4481 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log,
4482 "Failed to unixify @INC element \"%s\"\n",
4486 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4487 #define PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT ""
4488 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT "%s:"
4489 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_FS_VER_FMT PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT
4491 #define PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT "/"
4492 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT "/%s"
4493 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT PERL_FS_VER_FMT
4495 /* .../version/archname if -d .../version/archname */
4496 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_ARCH_FMT,
4498 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
4499 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION, ARCHNAME);
4500 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
4502 /* .../version if -d .../version */
4503 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH, libdir,
4504 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
4505 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION);
4506 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
4508 /* .../archname if -d .../archname */
4509 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT, libdir, ARCHNAME);
4510 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
4514 #ifdef PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST
4516 for (incver = incverlist; *incver; incver++) {
4517 /* .../xxx if -d .../xxx */
4518 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT, libdir, *incver);
4519 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
4525 /* finally push this lib directory on the end of @INC */
4526 av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), libdir);
4529 assert (SvREFCNT(subdir) == 1);
4530 SvREFCNT_dec(subdir);
4534 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
4535 STATIC struct perl_thread *
4536 S_init_main_thread(pTHX)
4538 #if !defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
4539 struct perl_thread *thr;
4543 Newz(53, thr, 1, struct perl_thread);
4544 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
4545 thr->interp = PERL_GET_INTERP;
4546 thr->cvcache = newHV();
4547 thr->threadsv = newAV();
4548 /* thr->threadsvp is set when find_threadsv is called */
4549 thr->specific = newAV();
4550 thr->flags = THRf_R_JOINABLE;
4551 MUTEX_INIT(&thr->mutex);
4552 /* Handcraft thrsv similarly to mess_sv */
4553 New(53, PL_thrsv, 1, SV);
4554 Newz(53, xpv, 1, XPV);
4555 SvFLAGS(PL_thrsv) = SVt_PV;
4556 SvANY(PL_thrsv) = (void*)xpv;
4557 SvREFCNT(PL_thrsv) = 1 << 30; /* practically infinite */
4558 SvPVX(PL_thrsv) = (char*)thr;
4559 SvCUR_set(PL_thrsv, sizeof(thr));
4560 SvLEN_set(PL_thrsv, sizeof(thr));
4561 *SvEND(PL_thrsv) = '\0'; /* in the trailing_nul field */
4562 thr->oursv = PL_thrsv;
4563 PL_chopset = " \n-";
4566 MUTEX_LOCK(&PL_threads_mutex);
4572 MUTEX_UNLOCK(&PL_threads_mutex);
4574 #ifdef HAVE_THREAD_INTERN
4575 Perl_init_thread_intern(thr);
4578 #ifdef SET_THREAD_SELF
4579 SET_THREAD_SELF(thr);
4581 thr->self = pthread_self();
4582 #endif /* SET_THREAD_SELF */
4586 * These must come after the thread self setting
4587 * because sv_setpvn does SvTAINT and the taint
4588 * fields thread selfness being set.
4590 PL_toptarget = NEWSV(0,0);
4591 sv_upgrade(PL_toptarget, SVt_PVFM);
4592 sv_setpvn(PL_toptarget, "", 0);
4593 PL_bodytarget = NEWSV(0,0);
4594 sv_upgrade(PL_bodytarget, SVt_PVFM);
4595 sv_setpvn(PL_bodytarget, "", 0);
4596 PL_formtarget = PL_bodytarget;
4597 thr->errsv = newSVpvn("", 0);
4598 (void) find_threadsv("@"); /* Ensure $@ is initialised early */
4601 PL_peepp = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_peep);
4602 PL_regcompp = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_pregcomp);
4603 PL_regexecp = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_regexec_flags);
4604 PL_regint_start = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_re_intuit_start);
4605 PL_regint_string = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_re_intuit_string);
4606 PL_regfree = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_pregfree);
4608 PL_reginterp_cnt = 0;
4612 #endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
4615 Perl_call_list(pTHX_ I32 oldscope, AV *paramList)
4618 line_t oldline = CopLINE(PL_curcop);
4624 while (AvFILL(paramList) >= 0) {
4625 cv = (CV*)av_shift(paramList);
4627 if (paramList == PL_beginav) {
4628 /* save PL_beginav for compiler */
4629 if (! PL_beginav_save)
4630 PL_beginav_save = newAV();
4631 av_push(PL_beginav_save, (SV*)cv);
4633 else if (paramList == PL_checkav) {
4634 /* save PL_checkav for compiler */
4635 if (! PL_checkav_save)
4636 PL_checkav_save = newAV();
4637 av_push(PL_checkav_save, (SV*)cv);
4642 #ifdef PERL_FLEXIBLE_EXCEPTIONS
4643 CALLPROTECT(aTHX_ pcur_env, &ret, MEMBER_TO_FPTR(S_vcall_list_body), cv);
4649 #ifndef PERL_FLEXIBLE_EXCEPTIONS
4653 (void)SvPV(atsv, len);
4655 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
4656 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
4657 if (paramList == PL_beginav)
4658 sv_catpv(atsv, "BEGIN failed--compilation aborted");
4660 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ atsv,
4661 "%s failed--call queue aborted",
4662 paramList == PL_checkav ? "CHECK"
4663 : paramList == PL_initav ? "INIT"
4665 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
4668 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%"SVf"", atsv);
4675 /* my_exit() was called */
4676 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
4679 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
4680 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
4681 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
4683 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED)) {
4684 if (paramList == PL_beginav)
4685 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "BEGIN failed--compilation aborted");
4687 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s failed--call queue aborted",
4688 paramList == PL_checkav ? "CHECK"
4689 : paramList == PL_initav ? "INIT"
4696 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
4697 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
4700 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: restartop\n");
4708 #ifdef PERL_FLEXIBLE_EXCEPTIONS
4710 S_vcall_list_body(pTHX_ va_list args)
4712 CV *cv = va_arg(args, CV*);
4713 return call_list_body(cv);
4718 S_call_list_body(pTHX_ CV *cv)
4720 PUSHMARK(PL_stack_sp);
4721 call_sv((SV*)cv, G_EVAL|G_DISCARD);
4726 Perl_my_exit(pTHX_ U32 status)
4728 DEBUG_S(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "my_exit: thread %p, status %lu\n",
4729 thr, (unsigned long) status));
4738 STATUS_NATIVE_SET(status);
4745 Perl_my_failure_exit(pTHX)
4748 if (vaxc$errno & 1) {
4749 if (STATUS_NATIVE & 1) /* fortuitiously includes "-1" */
4750 STATUS_NATIVE_SET(44);
4753 if (!vaxc$errno) /* unlikely */
4754 STATUS_NATIVE_SET(44);
4756 STATUS_NATIVE_SET(vaxc$errno);
4761 STATUS_POSIX_SET(errno);
4763 exitstatus = STATUS_POSIX >> 8;
4764 if (exitstatus & 255)
4765 STATUS_POSIX_SET(exitstatus);
4767 STATUS_POSIX_SET(255);
4774 S_my_exit_jump(pTHX)
4776 register PERL_CONTEXT *cx;
4781 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
4782 PL_e_script = Nullsv;
4785 POPSTACK_TO(PL_mainstack);
4786 if (cxstack_ix >= 0) {
4789 POPBLOCK(cx,PL_curpm);
4797 read_e_script(pTHX_ int idx, SV *buf_sv, int maxlen)
4800 p = SvPVX(PL_e_script);
4801 nl = strchr(p, '\n');
4802 nl = (nl) ? nl+1 : SvEND(PL_e_script);
4804 filter_del(read_e_script);
4807 sv_catpvn(buf_sv, p, nl-p);
4808 sv_chop(PL_e_script, nl);