3 * Copyright (C) 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
4 * 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * "A ship then new they built for him/of mithril and of elven glass" --Bilbo
15 /* This file contains the top-level functions that are used to create, use
16 * and destroy a perl interpreter, plus the functions used by XS code to
17 * call back into perl. Note that it does not contain the actual main()
18 * function of the interpreter; that can be found in perlmain.c
23 * Be proud that perl(1) may proclaim:
24 * Setuid Perl scripts are safer than C programs ...
25 * Do not abandon (deprecate) suidperl. Do not advocate C wrappers.
27 * The flow was: perl starts, notices script is suid, execs suidperl with same
28 * arguments; suidperl opens script, checks many things, sets itself with
29 * right UID, execs perl with similar arguments but with script pre-opened on
30 * /dev/fd/xxx; perl checks script is as should be and does work. This was
31 * insecure: see perlsec(1) for many problems with this approach.
33 * The "correct" flow should be: perl starts, opens script and notices it is
34 * suid, checks many things, execs suidperl with similar arguments but with
35 * script on /dev/fd/xxx; suidperl checks script and /dev/fd/xxx object are
36 * same, checks arguments match #! line, sets itself with right UID, execs
37 * perl with same arguments; perl checks many things and does work.
39 * (Opening the script in perl instead of suidperl, we "lose" scripts that
40 * are readable to the target UID but not to the invoker. Where did
41 * unreadable scripts work anyway?)
43 * For now, suidperl and perl are pretty much the same large and cumbersome
44 * program, so suidperl can check its argument list (see comments elsewhere).
47 * Original bug report:
48 * http://bugs.perl.org/index.html?req=bug_id&bug_id=20010322.218
49 * http://rt.perl.org/rt2/Ticket/Display.html?id=6511
50 * Comments and discussion with Debian:
51 * http://bugs.debian.org/203426
52 * http://bugs.debian.org/220486
53 * Debian Security Advisory DSA 431-1 (does not fully fix problem):
54 * http://www.debian.org/security/2004/dsa-431
56 * http://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CAN-2003-0618
57 * Previous versions of this patch sent to perl5-porters:
58 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg71953.html
59 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75245.html
60 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75563.html
61 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75635.html
63 Paul Szabo - psz@maths.usyd.edu.au http://www.maths.usyd.edu.au:8000/u/psz/
64 School of Mathematics and Statistics University of Sydney 2006 Australia
68 * Use truthful, neat, specific error messages.
69 * Cannot always hide the truth; security must not depend on doing so.
73 * Use global(?), thread-local fdscript for easier checks.
74 * (I do not understand how we could possibly get a thread race:
75 * do not all threads go through the same initialization? Or in
76 * fact, are not threads started only after we get the script and
77 * so know what to do? Oh well, make things super-safe...)
81 #define PERL_IN_PERL_C
83 #include "patchlevel.h" /* for local_patches */
87 char *nw_get_sitelib(const char *pl);
90 /* XXX If this causes problems, set i_unistd=undef in the hint file. */
107 #if !defined(STANDARD_C) && !defined(HAS_GETENV_PROTOTYPE) && !defined(PERL_MICRO)
108 char *getenv (char *); /* Usually in <stdlib.h> */
111 static I32 read_e_script(pTHX_ int idx, SV *buf_sv, int maxlen);
119 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
126 S_init_tls_and_interp(PerlInterpreter *my_perl)
130 PERL_SET_INTERP(my_perl);
131 #if defined(USE_ITHREADS)
134 PERL_SET_THX(my_perl);
136 MUTEX_INIT(&PL_dollarzero_mutex);
140 PERL_SET_THX(my_perl);
144 #ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
146 perl_alloc_using(struct IPerlMem* ipM, struct IPerlMem* ipMS,
147 struct IPerlMem* ipMP, struct IPerlEnv* ipE,
148 struct IPerlStdIO* ipStd, struct IPerlLIO* ipLIO,
149 struct IPerlDir* ipD, struct IPerlSock* ipS,
150 struct IPerlProc* ipP)
152 PerlInterpreter *my_perl;
153 /* New() needs interpreter, so call malloc() instead */
154 my_perl = (PerlInterpreter*)(*ipM->pMalloc)(ipM, sizeof(PerlInterpreter));
155 S_init_tls_and_interp(my_perl);
156 Zero(my_perl, 1, PerlInterpreter);
172 =head1 Embedding Functions
174 =for apidoc perl_alloc
176 Allocates a new Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
184 PerlInterpreter *my_perl;
186 /* New() needs interpreter, so call malloc() instead */
187 my_perl = (PerlInterpreter*)PerlMem_malloc(sizeof(PerlInterpreter));
189 S_init_tls_and_interp(my_perl);
190 return (PerlInterpreter *) ZeroD(my_perl, 1, PerlInterpreter);
192 #endif /* PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS */
195 =for apidoc perl_construct
197 Initializes a new Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
203 perl_construct(pTHXx)
208 PL_perl_destruct_level = 1;
210 if (PL_perl_destruct_level > 0)
213 /* Init the real globals (and main thread)? */
215 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling; /* needed by ckWARN, right away */
217 PL_linestr = NEWSV(65,79);
218 sv_upgrade(PL_linestr,SVt_PVIV);
220 if (!SvREADONLY(&PL_sv_undef)) {
221 /* set read-only and try to insure than we wont see REFCNT==0
224 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_undef);
225 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_undef) = (~(U32)0)/2;
227 sv_setpv(&PL_sv_no,PL_No);
228 /* value lookup in void context - happens to have the side effect
229 of caching the numeric forms. */
232 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_no);
233 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_no) = (~(U32)0)/2;
235 sv_setpv(&PL_sv_yes,PL_Yes);
238 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_yes);
239 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_yes) = (~(U32)0)/2;
241 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_placeholder);
242 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_placeholder) = (~(U32)0)/2;
245 PL_sighandlerp = Perl_sighandler;
246 PL_pidstatus = newHV();
249 PL_rs = newSVpvn("\n", 1);
254 PL_lex_state = LEX_NOTPARSING;
260 SET_NUMERIC_STANDARD();
262 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
263 PL_localpatches = local_patches; /* For possible -v */
266 #ifdef HAVE_INTERP_INTERN
270 PerlIO_init(aTHX); /* Hook to IO system */
272 PL_fdpid = newAV(); /* for remembering popen pids by fd */
273 PL_modglobal = newHV(); /* pointers to per-interpreter module globals */
274 PL_errors = newSVpvn("",0);
275 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(0), "", 0); /* For regex debugging. */
276 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(1), "", 0); /* ext/re needs these */
277 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(2), "", 0); /* even without DEBUGGING. */
279 PL_regex_padav = newAV();
280 av_push(PL_regex_padav,(SV*)newAV()); /* First entry is an array of empty elements */
281 PL_regex_pad = AvARRAY(PL_regex_padav);
283 #ifdef USE_REENTRANT_API
284 Perl_reentrant_init(aTHX);
287 /* Note that strtab is a rather special HV. Assumptions are made
288 about not iterating on it, and not adding tie magic to it.
289 It is properly deallocated in perl_destruct() */
292 HvSHAREKEYS_off(PL_strtab); /* mandatory */
293 hv_ksplit(PL_strtab, 512);
295 #if defined(__DYNAMIC__) && (defined(NeXT) || defined(__NeXT__))
296 _dyld_lookup_and_bind
297 ("__environ", (unsigned long *) &environ_pointer, NULL);
301 # ifdef USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY
302 PL_origenviron = environ;
306 /* Use sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK) if available, if not
307 * available or if the sysconf() fails, use the HZ.
308 * BeOS has those, but returns the wrong value.
309 * The HZ if not originally defined has been by now
310 * been defined as CLK_TCK, if available. */
311 #if defined(HAS_SYSCONF) && defined(_SC_CLK_TCK) && !defined(__BEOS__)
312 PL_clocktick = sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK);
313 if (PL_clocktick <= 0)
317 PL_stashcache = newHV();
319 PL_patchlevel = newSVpv(
320 Perl_form(aTHX_ "%d.%d.%d",
323 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION ), 0
327 if (!PL_mmap_page_size) {
328 #if defined(HAS_SYSCONF) && (defined(_SC_PAGESIZE) || defined(_SC_MMAP_PAGE_SIZE))
330 SETERRNO(0, SS_NORMAL);
332 PL_mmap_page_size = sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE);
334 PL_mmap_page_size = sysconf(_SC_MMAP_PAGE_SIZE);
336 if ((long) PL_mmap_page_size < 0) {
339 (void) SvUPGRADE(error, SVt_PV);
340 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: sysconf: %s", SvPV_nolen_const(error));
343 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: sysconf: pagesize unknown");
347 # ifdef HAS_GETPAGESIZE
348 PL_mmap_page_size = getpagesize();
350 # if defined(I_SYS_PARAM) && defined(PAGESIZE)
351 PL_mmap_page_size = PAGESIZE; /* compiletime, bad */
355 if (PL_mmap_page_size <= 0)
356 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: bad pagesize %" IVdf,
357 (IV) PL_mmap_page_size);
359 #endif /* HAS_MMAP */
361 #if defined(HAS_TIMES) && defined(PERL_NEED_TIMESBASE)
362 PL_timesbase.tms_utime = 0;
363 PL_timesbase.tms_stime = 0;
364 PL_timesbase.tms_cutime = 0;
365 PL_timesbase.tms_cstime = 0;
372 =for apidoc nothreadhook
374 Stub that provides thread hook for perl_destruct when there are
381 Perl_nothreadhook(pTHX)
387 =for apidoc perl_destruct
389 Shuts down a Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
398 volatile int destruct_level; /* 0=none, 1=full, 2=full with checks */
401 /* wait for all pseudo-forked children to finish */
402 PERL_WAIT_FOR_CHILDREN;
404 destruct_level = PL_perl_destruct_level;
408 if ((s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL"))) {
409 const int i = atoi(s);
410 if (destruct_level < i)
416 if (PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_DESTRUCT_END) {
421 if (PL_endav && !PL_minus_c)
422 call_list(PL_scopestack_ix, PL_endav);
428 /* Need to flush since END blocks can produce output */
431 if (CALL_FPTR(PL_threadhook)(aTHX)) {
432 /* Threads hook has vetoed further cleanup */
433 return STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
436 /* We must account for everything. */
438 /* Destroy the main CV and syntax tree */
440 /* ensure comppad/curpad to refer to main's pad */
441 if (CvPADLIST(PL_main_cv)) {
442 PAD_SET_CUR_NOSAVE(CvPADLIST(PL_main_cv), 1);
444 op_free(PL_main_root);
445 PL_main_root = Nullop;
447 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
448 PL_main_start = Nullop;
449 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_main_cv);
453 /* Tell PerlIO we are about to tear things apart in case
454 we have layers which are using resources that should
458 PerlIO_destruct(aTHX);
460 if (PL_sv_objcount) {
462 * Try to destruct global references. We do this first so that the
463 * destructors and destructees still exist. Some sv's might remain.
464 * Non-referenced objects are on their own.
470 /* unhook hooks which will soon be, or use, destroyed data */
471 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_warnhook);
472 PL_warnhook = Nullsv;
473 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_diehook);
476 /* call exit list functions */
477 while (PL_exitlistlen-- > 0)
478 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].fn(aTHX_ PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].ptr);
480 Safefree(PL_exitlist);
485 if (destruct_level == 0){
487 DEBUG_P(debprofdump());
489 #if defined(PERLIO_LAYERS)
490 /* No more IO - including error messages ! */
491 PerlIO_cleanup(aTHX);
494 /* The exit() function will do everything that needs doing. */
495 return STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
498 /* jettison our possibly duplicated environment */
499 /* if PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV is defined environ will not have been copied
500 * so we certainly shouldn't free it here
503 #if defined(USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY) && !defined(PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV)
504 if (environ != PL_origenviron && !PL_use_safe_putenv
506 /* only main thread can free environ[0] contents */
507 && PL_curinterp == aTHX
513 for (i = 0; environ[i]; i++)
514 safesysfree(environ[i]);
516 /* Must use safesysfree() when working with environ. */
517 safesysfree(environ);
519 environ = PL_origenviron;
522 #endif /* !PERL_MICRO */
524 /* reset so print() ends up where we expect */
528 /* the syntax tree is shared between clones
529 * so op_free(PL_main_root) only ReREFCNT_dec's
530 * REGEXPs in the parent interpreter
531 * we need to manually ReREFCNT_dec for the clones
534 I32 i = AvFILLp(PL_regex_padav) + 1;
535 SV **ary = AvARRAY(PL_regex_padav);
540 if (SvFLAGS(resv) & SVf_BREAK) {
541 /* this is PL_reg_curpm, already freed
542 * flag is set in regexec.c:S_regtry
544 SvFLAGS(resv) &= ~SVf_BREAK;
546 else if(SvREPADTMP(resv)) {
547 SvREPADTMP_off(resv);
549 else if(SvIOKp(resv)) {
550 REGEXP *re = INT2PTR(REGEXP *,SvIVX(resv));
555 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_regex_padav);
556 PL_regex_padav = Nullav;
560 SvREFCNT_dec((SV*) PL_stashcache);
561 PL_stashcache = NULL;
563 /* loosen bonds of global variables */
566 (void)PerlIO_close(PL_rsfp);
570 /* Filters for program text */
571 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rsfp_filters);
572 PL_rsfp_filters = Nullav;
575 PL_preprocess = FALSE;
581 PL_doswitches = FALSE;
582 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_OFF;
583 PL_doextract = FALSE;
584 PL_sawampersand = FALSE; /* must save all match strings */
587 Safefree(PL_inplace);
589 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_patchlevel);
592 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
593 PL_e_script = Nullsv;
598 /* magical thingies */
600 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ofs_sv); /* $, */
603 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ors_sv); /* $\ */
606 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rs); /* $/ */
609 PL_multiline = 0; /* $* */
610 Safefree(PL_osname); /* $^O */
613 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_statname);
614 PL_statname = Nullsv;
617 /* defgv, aka *_ should be taken care of elsewhere */
619 /* clean up after study() */
620 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_lastscream);
621 PL_lastscream = Nullsv;
622 Safefree(PL_screamfirst);
624 Safefree(PL_screamnext);
628 Safefree(PL_efloatbuf);
629 PL_efloatbuf = Nullch;
632 /* startup and shutdown function lists */
633 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_beginav);
634 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_beginav_save);
635 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_endav);
636 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_checkav);
637 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_checkav_save);
638 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_initav);
640 PL_beginav_save = Nullav;
643 PL_checkav_save = Nullav;
646 /* shortcuts just get cleared */
652 PL_argvoutgv = Nullgv;
654 PL_stderrgv = Nullgv;
655 PL_last_in_gv = Nullgv;
660 PL_DBsingle = Nullsv;
662 PL_DBsignal = Nullsv;
663 PL_DBassertion = Nullsv;
666 PL_debstash = Nullhv;
668 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_argvout_stack);
669 PL_argvout_stack = Nullav;
671 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_modglobal);
672 PL_modglobal = Nullhv;
673 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_preambleav);
674 PL_preambleav = Nullav;
675 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_subname);
677 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_linestr);
679 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_pidstatus);
680 PL_pidstatus = Nullhv;
681 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_toptarget);
682 PL_toptarget = Nullsv;
683 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_bodytarget);
684 PL_bodytarget = Nullsv;
685 PL_formtarget = Nullsv;
687 /* free locale stuff */
688 #ifdef USE_LOCALE_COLLATE
689 Safefree(PL_collation_name);
690 PL_collation_name = Nullch;
693 #ifdef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC
694 Safefree(PL_numeric_name);
695 PL_numeric_name = Nullch;
696 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_numeric_radix_sv);
697 PL_numeric_radix_sv = Nullsv;
700 /* clear utf8 character classes */
701 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alnum);
702 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alnumc);
703 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_ascii);
704 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alpha);
705 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_space);
706 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_cntrl);
707 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_graph);
708 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_digit);
709 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_upper);
710 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_lower);
711 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_print);
712 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_punct);
713 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_xdigit);
714 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_mark);
715 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_toupper);
716 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_totitle);
717 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_tolower);
718 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_tofold);
719 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_idstart);
720 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_idcont);
721 PL_utf8_alnum = Nullsv;
722 PL_utf8_alnumc = Nullsv;
723 PL_utf8_ascii = Nullsv;
724 PL_utf8_alpha = Nullsv;
725 PL_utf8_space = Nullsv;
726 PL_utf8_cntrl = Nullsv;
727 PL_utf8_graph = Nullsv;
728 PL_utf8_digit = Nullsv;
729 PL_utf8_upper = Nullsv;
730 PL_utf8_lower = Nullsv;
731 PL_utf8_print = Nullsv;
732 PL_utf8_punct = Nullsv;
733 PL_utf8_xdigit = Nullsv;
734 PL_utf8_mark = Nullsv;
735 PL_utf8_toupper = Nullsv;
736 PL_utf8_totitle = Nullsv;
737 PL_utf8_tolower = Nullsv;
738 PL_utf8_tofold = Nullsv;
739 PL_utf8_idstart = Nullsv;
740 PL_utf8_idcont = Nullsv;
742 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
743 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
744 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = Nullsv;
745 if (!specialCopIO(PL_compiling.cop_io))
746 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_io);
747 PL_compiling.cop_io = Nullsv;
748 CopFILE_free(&PL_compiling);
749 CopSTASH_free(&PL_compiling);
751 /* Prepare to destruct main symbol table. */
756 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_curstname);
757 PL_curstname = Nullsv;
759 /* clear queued errors */
760 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_errors);
764 if (destruct_level >= 2 && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL)) {
765 if (PL_scopestack_ix != 0)
766 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
767 "Unbalanced scopes: %ld more ENTERs than LEAVEs\n",
768 (long)PL_scopestack_ix);
769 if (PL_savestack_ix != 0)
770 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
771 "Unbalanced saves: %ld more saves than restores\n",
772 (long)PL_savestack_ix);
773 if (PL_tmps_floor != -1)
774 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Unbalanced tmps: %ld more allocs than frees\n",
775 (long)PL_tmps_floor + 1);
776 if (cxstack_ix != -1)
777 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Unbalanced context: %ld more PUSHes than POPs\n",
778 (long)cxstack_ix + 1);
781 /* Now absolutely destruct everything, somehow or other, loops or no. */
782 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) |= SVTYPEMASK; /* don't clean out pid table now */
783 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) |= SVTYPEMASK; /* don't clean out strtab now */
785 /* the 2 is for PL_fdpid and PL_strtab */
786 while (PL_sv_count > 2 && sv_clean_all())
789 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) &= ~SVTYPEMASK;
790 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) |= SVt_PVAV;
791 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) &= ~SVTYPEMASK;
792 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) |= SVt_PVHV;
794 AvREAL_off(PL_fdpid); /* no surviving entries */
795 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_fdpid); /* needed in io_close() */
798 #ifdef HAVE_INTERP_INTERN
802 /* Destruct the global string table. */
804 /* Yell and reset the HeVAL() slots that are still holding refcounts,
805 * so that sv_free() won't fail on them.
813 max = HvMAX(PL_strtab);
814 array = HvARRAY(PL_strtab);
817 if (hent && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL)) {
818 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
819 "Unbalanced string table refcount: (%d) for \"%s\"",
820 HeVAL(hent) - Nullsv, HeKEY(hent));
821 HeVAL(hent) = Nullsv;
831 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_strtab);
834 /* free the pointer tables used for cloning */
835 ptr_table_free(PL_ptr_table);
836 PL_ptr_table = (PTR_TBL_t*)NULL;
839 /* free special SVs */
841 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_yes) = 0;
842 sv_clear(&PL_sv_yes);
843 SvANY(&PL_sv_yes) = NULL;
844 SvFLAGS(&PL_sv_yes) = 0;
846 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_no) = 0;
848 SvANY(&PL_sv_no) = NULL;
849 SvFLAGS(&PL_sv_no) = 0;
853 for (i=0; i<=2; i++) {
854 SvREFCNT(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = 0;
855 sv_clear(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i));
856 SvANY(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = NULL;
857 SvFLAGS(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = 0;
861 if (PL_sv_count != 0 && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
862 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Scalars leaked: %ld\n", (long)PL_sv_count);
864 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS
865 if (PL_sv_count != 0) {
870 for (sva = PL_sv_arenaroot; sva; sva = (SV*)SvANY(sva)) {
871 svend = &sva[SvREFCNT(sva)];
872 for (sv = sva + 1; sv < svend; ++sv) {
873 if (SvTYPE(sv) != SVTYPEMASK) {
874 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "leaked: sv=0x%p"
876 " refcnt=%"UVuf pTHX__FORMAT "\n"
877 "\tallocated at %s:%d %s %s%s\n",
878 sv, sv->sv_flags, sv->sv_refcnt pTHX__VALUE,
879 sv->sv_debug_file ? sv->sv_debug_file : "(unknown)",
881 sv->sv_debug_inpad ? "for" : "by",
882 sv->sv_debug_optype ?
883 PL_op_name[sv->sv_debug_optype]: "(none)",
884 sv->sv_debug_cloned ? " (cloned)" : ""
894 #if defined(PERLIO_LAYERS)
895 /* No more IO - including error messages ! */
896 PerlIO_cleanup(aTHX);
899 /* sv_undef needs to stay immortal until after PerlIO_cleanup
900 as currently layers use it rather than Nullsv as a marker
901 for no arg - and will try and SvREFCNT_dec it.
903 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_undef) = 0;
904 SvREADONLY_off(&PL_sv_undef);
906 Safefree(PL_origfilename);
907 PL_origfilename = Nullch;
908 Safefree(PL_reg_start_tmp);
909 PL_reg_start_tmp = (char**)NULL;
910 PL_reg_start_tmpl = 0;
912 Safefree(PL_reg_curpm);
913 Safefree(PL_reg_poscache);
915 Safefree(PL_op_mask);
916 Safefree(PL_psig_ptr);
917 PL_psig_ptr = (SV**)NULL;
918 Safefree(PL_psig_name);
919 PL_psig_name = (SV**)NULL;
920 Safefree(PL_bitcount);
921 PL_bitcount = Nullch;
922 Safefree(PL_psig_pend);
923 PL_psig_pend = (int*)NULL;
924 PL_formfeed = Nullsv;
929 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
930 PL_hints = 0; /* Reset hints. Should hints be per-interpreter ? */
933 DEBUG_P(debprofdump());
935 #ifdef USE_REENTRANT_API
936 Perl_reentrant_free(aTHX);
941 /* As the absolutely last thing, free the non-arena SV for mess() */
944 /* we know that type == SVt_PVMG */
946 /* it could have accumulated taint magic */
949 for (mg = SvMAGIC(PL_mess_sv); mg; mg = moremagic) {
950 moremagic = mg->mg_moremagic;
951 if (mg->mg_ptr && mg->mg_type != PERL_MAGIC_regex_global
953 Safefree(mg->mg_ptr);
957 /* we know that type >= SVt_PV */
958 SvPV_free(PL_mess_sv);
959 Safefree(SvANY(PL_mess_sv));
960 Safefree(PL_mess_sv);
963 return STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
967 =for apidoc perl_free
969 Releases a Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
977 #if defined(WIN32) || defined(NETWARE)
978 # if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS)
980 void *host = nw_internal_host;
982 void *host = w32_internal_host;
986 nw_delete_internal_host(host);
988 win32_delete_internal_host(host);
998 #if defined(USE_5005THREADS) || defined(USE_ITHREADS)
999 /* provide destructors to clean up the thread key when libperl is unloaded */
1000 #ifndef WIN32 /* handled during DLL_PROCESS_DETACH in win32/perllib.c */
1002 #if defined(__hpux) && __ux_version > 1020 && !defined(__GNUC__)
1003 #pragma fini "perl_fini"
1007 #if defined(__GNUC__)
1008 __attribute__((destructor))
1018 #endif /* THREADS */
1021 Perl_call_atexit(pTHX_ ATEXIT_t fn, void *ptr)
1023 Renew(PL_exitlist, PL_exitlistlen+1, PerlExitListEntry);
1024 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].fn = fn;
1025 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].ptr = ptr;
1029 #ifdef HAS_PROCSELFEXE
1030 /* This is a function so that we don't hold on to MAXPATHLEN
1031 bytes of stack longer than necessary
1034 S_procself_val(pTHX_ SV *sv, const char *arg0)
1036 char buf[MAXPATHLEN];
1037 int len = readlink(PROCSELFEXE_PATH, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);
1039 /* On Playstation2 Linux V1.0 (kernel 2.2.1) readlink(/proc/self/exe)
1040 includes a spurious NUL which will cause $^X to fail in system
1041 or backticks (this will prevent extensions from being built and
1042 many tests from working). readlink is not meant to add a NUL.
1043 Normal readlink works fine.
1045 if (len > 0 && buf[len-1] == '\0') {
1049 /* FreeBSD's implementation is acknowledged to be imperfect, sometimes
1050 returning the text "unknown" from the readlink rather than the path
1051 to the executable (or returning an error from the readlink). Any valid
1052 path has a '/' in it somewhere, so use that to validate the result.
1053 See http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/query-pr.cgi?pr=35703
1055 if (len > 0 && memchr(buf, '/', len)) {
1056 sv_setpvn(sv,buf,len);
1062 #endif /* HAS_PROCSELFEXE */
1065 S_set_caret_X(pTHX) {
1066 GV* tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("\030",TRUE, SVt_PV); /* $^X */
1068 #ifdef HAS_PROCSELFEXE
1069 S_procself_val(aTHX_ GvSV(tmpgv), PL_origargv[0]);
1072 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv), os2_execname(aTHX));
1074 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv),PL_origargv[0]);
1081 =for apidoc perl_parse
1083 Tells a Perl interpreter to parse a Perl script. See L<perlembed>.
1089 perl_parse(pTHXx_ XSINIT_t xsinit, int argc, char **argv, char **env)
1096 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
1099 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "suidperl is no longer needed since the kernel can now execute\n\
1100 setuid perl scripts securely.\n");
1101 #endif /* IAMSUID */
1104 #if defined(USE_HASH_SEED) || defined(USE_HASH_SEED_EXPLICIT)
1105 /* [perl #22371] Algorimic Complexity Attack on Perl 5.6.1, 5.8.0
1106 * This MUST be done before any hash stores or fetches take place.
1107 * If you set PL_rehash_seed (and assumedly also PL_rehash_seed_set)
1108 * yourself, it is your responsibility to provide a good random seed!
1109 * You can also define PERL_HASH_SEED in compile time, see hv.h. */
1110 if (!PL_rehash_seed_set)
1111 PL_rehash_seed = get_hash_seed();
1113 char *s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_HASH_SEED_DEBUG");
1119 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "HASH_SEED = %"UVuf"\n",
1123 #endif /* #if defined(USE_HASH_SEED) || defined(USE_HASH_SEED_EXPLICIT) */
1129 /* Set PL_origalen be the sum of the contiguous argv[]
1130 * elements plus the size of the env in case that it is
1131 * contiguous with the argv[]. This is used in mg.c:Perl_magic_set()
1132 * as the maximum modifiable length of $0. In the worst case
1133 * the area we are able to modify is limited to the size of
1134 * the original argv[0]. (See below for 'contiguous', though.)
1136 const char *s = NULL;
1139 ~(UV)(PTRSIZE == 4 ? 3 : PTRSIZE == 8 ? 7 : PTRSIZE == 16 ? 15 : 0);
1140 /* Do the mask check only if the args seem like aligned. */
1142 (mask < ~(UV)0) && ((PTR2UV(argv[0]) & mask) == PTR2UV(argv[0]));
1144 /* See if all the arguments are contiguous in memory. Note
1145 * that 'contiguous' is a loose term because some platforms
1146 * align the argv[] and the envp[]. If the arguments look
1147 * like non-aligned, assume that they are 'strictly' or
1148 * 'traditionally' contiguous. If the arguments look like
1149 * aligned, we just check that they are within aligned
1150 * PTRSIZE bytes. As long as no system has something bizarre
1151 * like the argv[] interleaved with some other data, we are
1152 * fine. (Did I just evoke Murphy's Law?) --jhi */
1153 if (PL_origargv && PL_origargc >= 1 && (s = PL_origargv[0])) {
1155 for (i = 1; i < PL_origargc; i++) {
1156 if ((PL_origargv[i] == s + 1
1158 || PL_origargv[i] == s + 2
1163 (PL_origargv[i] > s &&
1165 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1175 /* Can we grab env area too to be used as the area for $0? */
1176 if (PL_origenviron) {
1177 if ((PL_origenviron[0] == s + 1
1179 || (PL_origenviron[0] == s + 9 && (s += 8))
1184 (PL_origenviron[0] > s &&
1185 PL_origenviron[0] <=
1186 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1190 s = PL_origenviron[0];
1193 my_setenv("NoNe SuCh", Nullch);
1194 /* Force copy of environment. */
1195 for (i = 1; PL_origenviron[i]; i++) {
1196 if (PL_origenviron[i] == s + 1
1199 (PL_origenviron[i] > s &&
1200 PL_origenviron[i] <=
1201 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1204 s = PL_origenviron[i];
1212 PL_origalen = s - PL_origargv[0] + 1;
1217 /* Come here if running an undumped a.out. */
1219 PL_origfilename = savepv(argv[0]);
1220 PL_do_undump = FALSE;
1221 cxstack_ix = -1; /* start label stack again */
1223 assert (!PL_tainted);
1225 S_set_caret_X(aTHX);
1227 init_postdump_symbols(argc,argv,env);
1232 op_free(PL_main_root);
1233 PL_main_root = Nullop;
1235 PL_main_start = Nullop;
1236 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_main_cv);
1237 PL_main_cv = Nullcv;
1240 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
1241 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_OFF;
1246 parse_body(env,xsinit);
1248 call_list(oldscope, PL_checkav);
1255 /* my_exit() was called */
1256 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
1259 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
1261 call_list(oldscope, PL_checkav);
1262 ret = STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
1265 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: top_env\n");
1274 S_parse_body(pTHX_ char **env, XSINIT_t xsinit)
1277 int argc = PL_origargc;
1278 char **argv = PL_origargv;
1279 const char *scriptname = NULL;
1280 VOL bool dosearch = FALSE;
1281 const char *validarg = "";
1284 const char *cddir = Nullch;
1285 #ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
1286 bool minus_f = FALSE;
1291 sv_setpvn(PL_linestr,"",0);
1292 sv = newSVpvn("",0); /* first used for -I flags */
1296 for (argc--,argv++; argc > 0; argc--,argv++) {
1297 if (argv[0][0] != '-' || !argv[0][1])
1301 validarg = " PHOOEY ";
1305 * Can we rely on the kernel to start scripts with argv[1] set to
1306 * contain all #! line switches (the whole line)? (argv[0] is set to
1307 * the interpreter name, argv[2] to the script name; argv[3] and
1308 * above may contain other arguments.)
1315 #ifndef PERL_STRICT_CR
1340 if ((s = moreswitches(s)))
1345 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('t');
1346 if( !PL_tainting ) {
1347 PL_taint_warn = TRUE;
1353 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('T');
1355 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
1360 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1361 /* ignore -e for Dev:Pseudo argument */
1362 if (argv[1] && !strcmp(argv[1], "Dev:Pseudo"))
1367 PL_e_script = newSVpvn("",0);
1368 filter_add(read_e_script, NULL);
1371 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, s);
1373 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, argv[1]);
1377 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No code specified for -e");
1378 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, "\n");
1382 #ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
1388 case 'I': /* -I handled both here and in moreswitches() */
1390 if (!*++s && (s=argv[1]) != Nullch) {
1395 STRLEN len = strlen(s);
1396 p = savepvn(s, len);
1397 incpush(p, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE, FALSE);
1398 sv_catpvn(sv, "-I", 2);
1399 sv_catpvn(sv, p, len);
1400 sv_catpvn(sv, " ", 1);
1404 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No directory specified for -I");
1408 PL_preprocess = TRUE;
1418 PL_preambleav = newAV();
1419 av_push(PL_preambleav, newSVpv("use Config qw(myconfig config_vars)",0));
1423 PL_Sv = newSVpv("print myconfig();",0);
1425 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"print \"\\nCharacteristics of this PERLSHR image: \\n\",");
1427 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"print \"\\nCharacteristics of this binary (from libperl): \\n\",");
1429 opts = SvCUR(PL_Sv);
1431 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"\" Compile-time options:");
1433 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," DEBUGGING");
1435 # ifdef MULTIPLICITY
1436 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," MULTIPLICITY");
1438 # ifdef USE_5005THREADS
1439 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_5005THREADS");
1441 # ifdef USE_ITHREADS
1442 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_ITHREADS");
1444 # ifdef USE_64_BIT_INT
1445 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_64_BIT_INT");
1447 # ifdef USE_64_BIT_ALL
1448 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_64_BIT_ALL");
1450 # ifdef USE_LONG_DOUBLE
1451 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_LONG_DOUBLE");
1453 # ifdef USE_LARGE_FILES
1454 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_LARGE_FILES");
1457 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_SOCKS");
1459 # ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
1460 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_SITECUSTOMIZE");
1462 # ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
1463 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT");
1465 # ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
1466 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS");
1469 while (SvCUR(PL_Sv) > opts+76) {
1470 /* find last space after "options: " and before col 76 */
1473 char *pv = SvPV_nolen(PL_Sv);
1474 const char c = pv[opts+76];
1476 space = strrchr(pv+opts+26, ' ');
1478 if (!space) break; /* "Can't happen" */
1480 /* break the line before that space */
1483 sv_insert(PL_Sv, opts, 0,
1487 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"\\n\",");
1489 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
1490 if (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT > 0) {
1492 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"\" Locally applied patches:\\n\",");
1493 for (i = 1; i <= LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT; i++) {
1494 if (PL_localpatches[i])
1495 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ PL_Sv,"q%c\t%s\n%c,",
1496 0, PL_localpatches[i], 0);
1500 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ PL_Sv,"\" Built under %s\\n\"",OSNAME);
1503 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ PL_Sv,",\" Compiled at %s %s\\n\"",__DATE__,__TIME__);
1505 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ PL_Sv,",\" Compiled on %s\\n\"",__DATE__);
1508 sv_catpv(PL_Sv, "; \
1510 @env = map { \"$_=\\\"$ENV{$_}\\\"\" } sort grep {/^PERL/} keys %ENV; ");
1513 push @env, \"CYGWIN=\\\"$ENV{CYGWIN}\\\"\";");
1516 print \" \\%ENV:\\n @env\\n\" if @env; \
1517 print \" \\@INC:\\n @INC\\n\";");
1520 PL_Sv = newSVpv("config_vars(qw(",0);
1521 sv_catpv(PL_Sv, ++s);
1522 sv_catpv(PL_Sv, "))");
1525 av_push(PL_preambleav, PL_Sv);
1526 scriptname = BIT_BUCKET; /* don't look for script or read stdin */
1529 PL_doextract = TRUE;
1537 if (!*++s || isSPACE(*s)) {
1541 /* catch use of gnu style long options */
1542 if (strEQ(s, "version")) {
1546 if (strEQ(s, "help")) {
1553 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Unrecognized switch: -%s (-h will show valid options)",s);
1559 #ifndef SECURE_INTERNAL_GETENV
1562 (s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL5OPT")))
1564 const char *popt = s;
1567 if (*s == '-' && *(s+1) == 'T') {
1568 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('T');
1570 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
1573 char *popt_copy = Nullch;
1586 if (!strchr("DIMUdmtwA", *s))
1587 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Illegal switch in PERL5OPT: -%c", *s);
1591 popt_copy = SvPVX(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(popt,0)));
1592 s = popt_copy + (s - popt);
1593 d = popt_copy + (d - popt);
1600 if( !PL_tainting ) {
1601 PL_taint_warn = TRUE;
1611 #ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
1614 PL_preambleav = newAV();
1615 av_unshift(PL_preambleav, 1);
1616 (void)av_store(PL_preambleav, 0, Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "BEGIN { do '%s/sitecustomize.pl' }", SITELIB_EXP));
1620 if (PL_taint_warn && PL_dowarn != G_WARN_ALL_OFF) {
1621 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = newSVpvn(WARN_TAINTstring, WARNsize);
1625 scriptname = argv[0];
1628 scriptname = BIT_BUCKET; /* don't look for script or read stdin */
1630 else if (scriptname == Nullch) {
1632 if ( PerlLIO_isatty(PerlIO_fileno(PerlIO_stdin())) )
1638 /* Set $^X early so that it can be used for relocatable paths in @INC */
1639 assert (!PL_tainted);
1641 S_set_caret_X(aTHX);
1645 open_script(scriptname,dosearch,sv);
1647 validate_suid(validarg, scriptname);
1650 #if defined(SIGCHLD) || defined(SIGCLD)
1653 # define SIGCHLD SIGCLD
1655 Sighandler_t sigstate = rsignal_state(SIGCHLD);
1656 if (sigstate == SIG_IGN) {
1657 if (ckWARN(WARN_SIGNAL))
1658 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_SIGNAL),
1659 "Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default");
1660 (void)rsignal(SIGCHLD, (Sighandler_t)SIG_DFL);
1666 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1667 if (PL_doextract || gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
1672 if (cddir && PerlDir_chdir( (char *)cddir ) < 0)
1673 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't chdir to %s",cddir);
1677 PL_main_cv = PL_compcv = (CV*)NEWSV(1104,0);
1678 sv_upgrade((SV *)PL_compcv, SVt_PVCV);
1679 CvUNIQUE_on(PL_compcv);
1681 CvPADLIST(PL_compcv) = pad_new(0);
1682 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
1683 CvOWNER(PL_compcv) = 0;
1684 New(666, CvMUTEXP(PL_compcv), 1, perl_mutex);
1685 MUTEX_INIT(CvMUTEXP(PL_compcv));
1686 #endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
1689 boot_core_UNIVERSAL();
1690 boot_core_xsutils();
1693 (*xsinit)(aTHX); /* in case linked C routines want magical variables */
1695 #if defined(VMS) || defined(WIN32) || defined(DJGPP) || defined(__CYGWIN__) || defined(EPOC)
1701 # ifdef HAS_SOCKS5_INIT
1702 socks5_init(argv[0]);
1708 init_predump_symbols();
1709 /* init_postdump_symbols not currently designed to be called */
1710 /* more than once (ENV isn't cleared first, for example) */
1711 /* But running with -u leaves %ENV & @ARGV undefined! XXX */
1713 init_postdump_symbols(argc,argv,env);
1715 /* PL_unicode is turned on by -C, or by $ENV{PERL_UNICODE},
1716 * or explicitly in some platforms.
1717 * locale.c:Perl_init_i18nl10n() if the environment
1718 * look like the user wants to use UTF-8. */
1719 #if defined(SYMBIAN)
1720 PL_unicode = PERL_UNICODE_STD_FLAG; /* See PERL_SYMBIAN_CONSOLE_UTF8. */
1723 /* Requires init_predump_symbols(). */
1724 if (!(PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_LOCALE_FLAG) || PL_utf8locale) {
1729 /* Turn on UTF-8-ness on STDIN, STDOUT, STDERR
1730 * and the default open disciplines. */
1731 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDIN_FLAG) &&
1732 PL_stdingv && (io = GvIO(PL_stdingv)) &&
1734 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
1735 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDOUT_FLAG) &&
1736 PL_defoutgv && (io = GvIO(PL_defoutgv)) &&
1738 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
1739 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDERR_FLAG) &&
1740 PL_stderrgv && (io = GvIO(PL_stderrgv)) &&
1742 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
1743 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_INOUT_FLAG) &&
1744 (sv = GvSV(gv_fetchpv("\017PEN", TRUE, SVt_PV)))) {
1745 U32 in = PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_IN_FLAG;
1746 U32 out = PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_OUT_FLAG;
1749 sv_setpvn(sv, ":utf8\0:utf8", 11);
1751 sv_setpvn(sv, ":utf8\0", 6);
1754 sv_setpvn(sv, "\0:utf8", 6);
1760 if ((s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_SIGNALS"))) {
1761 if (strEQ(s, "unsafe"))
1762 PL_signals |= PERL_SIGNALS_UNSAFE_FLAG;
1763 else if (strEQ(s, "safe"))
1764 PL_signals &= ~PERL_SIGNALS_UNSAFE_FLAG;
1766 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "PERL_SIGNALS illegal: \"%s\"", s);
1771 /* now parse the script */
1773 SETERRNO(0,SS_NORMAL);
1775 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1776 if (gMacPerl_SyntaxError = (yyparse() || PL_error_count)) {
1778 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s had compilation errors.\n", MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
1780 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Execution of %s aborted due to compilation errors.\n",
1781 MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
1785 if (yyparse() || PL_error_count) {
1787 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s had compilation errors.\n", PL_origfilename);
1789 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Execution of %s aborted due to compilation errors.\n",
1794 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, 0);
1795 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
1796 PL_preprocess = FALSE;
1798 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
1799 PL_e_script = Nullsv;
1806 SAVECOPFILE(PL_curcop);
1807 SAVECOPLINE(PL_curcop);
1808 gv_check(PL_defstash);
1815 if ((s=PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS")) && atoi(s) >= 2)
1816 dump_mstats("after compilation:");
1825 =for apidoc perl_run
1827 Tells a Perl interpreter to run. See L<perlembed>.
1839 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
1847 cxstack_ix = -1; /* start context stack again */
1849 case 0: /* normal completion */
1853 case 2: /* my_exit() */
1854 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
1857 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
1858 if (!(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_DESTRUCT_END) &&
1859 PL_endav && !PL_minus_c)
1860 call_list(oldscope, PL_endav);
1862 if (PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS"))
1863 dump_mstats("after execution: ");
1865 ret = STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
1869 POPSTACK_TO(PL_mainstack);
1872 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: restartop\n");
1884 S_run_body(pTHX_ I32 oldscope)
1886 DEBUG_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "%s $` $& $' support.\n",
1887 PL_sawampersand ? "Enabling" : "Omitting"));
1889 if (!PL_restartop) {
1890 DEBUG_x(dump_all());
1892 PERL_DEBUG(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "\nEXECUTING...\n\n"));
1893 DEBUG_S(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "main thread is 0x%"UVxf"\n",
1897 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1898 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "%s%s syntax OK\n",
1899 (gMacPerl_ErrorFormat ? "# " : ""),
1900 MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
1902 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "%s syntax OK\n", PL_origfilename);
1906 if (PERLDB_SINGLE && PL_DBsingle)
1907 sv_setiv(PL_DBsingle, 1);
1909 call_list(oldscope, PL_initav);
1915 PL_op = PL_restartop;
1919 else if (PL_main_start) {
1920 CvDEPTH(PL_main_cv) = 1;
1921 PL_op = PL_main_start;
1929 =head1 SV Manipulation Functions
1931 =for apidoc p||get_sv
1933 Returns the SV of the specified Perl scalar. If C<create> is set and the
1934 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
1935 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
1941 Perl_get_sv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
1944 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
1945 if (name[1] == '\0' && !isALPHA(name[0])) {
1946 PADOFFSET tmp = find_threadsv(name);
1947 if (tmp != NOT_IN_PAD)
1948 return THREADSV(tmp);
1950 #endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
1951 gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PV);
1958 =head1 Array Manipulation Functions
1960 =for apidoc p||get_av
1962 Returns the AV of the specified Perl array. If C<create> is set and the
1963 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
1964 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
1970 Perl_get_av(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
1972 GV* gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVAV);
1981 =head1 Hash Manipulation Functions
1983 =for apidoc p||get_hv
1985 Returns the HV of the specified Perl hash. If C<create> is set and the
1986 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
1987 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
1993 Perl_get_hv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
1995 GV* gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVHV);
2004 =head1 CV Manipulation Functions
2006 =for apidoc p||get_cv
2008 Returns the CV of the specified Perl subroutine. If C<create> is set and
2009 the Perl subroutine does not exist then it will be declared (which has the
2010 same effect as saying C<sub name;>). If C<create> is not set and the
2011 subroutine does not exist then NULL is returned.
2017 Perl_get_cv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
2019 GV* gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVCV);
2020 /* XXX unsafe for threads if eval_owner isn't held */
2021 /* XXX this is probably not what they think they're getting.
2022 * It has the same effect as "sub name;", i.e. just a forward
2024 if (create && !GvCVu(gv))
2025 return newSUB(start_subparse(FALSE, 0),
2026 newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSVpv(name,0)),
2034 /* Be sure to refetch the stack pointer after calling these routines. */
2038 =head1 Callback Functions
2040 =for apidoc p||call_argv
2042 Performs a callback to the specified Perl sub. See L<perlcall>.
2048 Perl_call_argv(pTHX_ const char *sub_name, I32 flags, register char **argv)
2050 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2051 /* null terminated arg list */
2058 XPUSHs(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(*argv,0)));
2063 return call_pv(sub_name, flags);
2067 =for apidoc p||call_pv
2069 Performs a callback to the specified Perl sub. See L<perlcall>.
2075 Perl_call_pv(pTHX_ const char *sub_name, I32 flags)
2076 /* name of the subroutine */
2077 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2079 return call_sv((SV*)get_cv(sub_name, TRUE), flags);
2083 =for apidoc p||call_method
2085 Performs a callback to the specified Perl method. The blessed object must
2086 be on the stack. See L<perlcall>.
2092 Perl_call_method(pTHX_ const char *methname, I32 flags)
2093 /* name of the subroutine */
2094 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2096 return call_sv(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(methname,0)), flags | G_METHOD);
2099 /* May be called with any of a CV, a GV, or an SV containing the name. */
2101 =for apidoc p||call_sv
2103 Performs a callback to the Perl sub whose name is in the SV. See
2110 Perl_call_sv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
2111 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2114 LOGOP myop; /* fake syntax tree node */
2117 volatile I32 retval = 0;
2119 bool oldcatch = CATCH_GET;
2124 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2129 Zero(&myop, 1, LOGOP);
2130 myop.op_next = Nullop;
2131 if (!(flags & G_NOARGS))
2132 myop.op_flags |= OPf_STACKED;
2133 myop.op_flags |= ((flags & G_VOID) ? OPf_WANT_VOID :
2134 (flags & G_ARRAY) ? OPf_WANT_LIST :
2139 EXTEND(PL_stack_sp, 1);
2140 *++PL_stack_sp = sv;
2142 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
2144 if (PERLDB_SUB && PL_curstash != PL_debstash
2145 /* Handle first BEGIN of -d. */
2146 && (PL_DBcv || (PL_DBcv = GvCV(PL_DBsub)))
2147 /* Try harder, since this may have been a sighandler, thus
2148 * curstash may be meaningless. */
2149 && (SvTYPE(sv) != SVt_PVCV || CvSTASH((CV*)sv) != PL_debstash)
2150 && !(flags & G_NODEBUG))
2151 PL_op->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_DB;
2153 if (flags & G_METHOD) {
2154 Zero(&method_op, 1, UNOP);
2155 method_op.op_next = PL_op;
2156 method_op.op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_METHOD];
2157 myop.op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_ENTERSUB];
2158 PL_op = (OP*)&method_op;
2161 if (!(flags & G_EVAL)) {
2163 call_body((OP*)&myop, FALSE);
2164 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2165 CATCH_SET(oldcatch);
2168 myop.op_other = (OP*)&myop;
2170 /* we're trying to emulate pp_entertry() here */
2172 register PERL_CONTEXT *cx;
2173 const I32 gimme = GIMME_V;
2178 PUSHBLOCK(cx, (CXt_EVAL|CXp_TRYBLOCK), PL_stack_sp);
2180 PL_eval_root = PL_op; /* Only needed so that goto works right. */
2182 PL_in_eval = EVAL_INEVAL;
2183 if (flags & G_KEEPERR)
2184 PL_in_eval |= EVAL_KEEPERR;
2186 sv_setpvn(ERRSV,"",0);
2194 call_body((OP*)&myop, FALSE);
2195 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2196 if (!(flags & G_KEEPERR))
2197 sv_setpvn(ERRSV,"",0);
2203 /* my_exit() was called */
2204 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2207 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED))
2208 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Callback called exit");
2213 PL_op = PL_restartop;
2217 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2218 if (flags & G_ARRAY)
2222 *++PL_stack_sp = &PL_sv_undef;
2227 if (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope) {
2231 register PERL_CONTEXT *cx;
2242 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2243 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2253 S_call_body(pTHX_ const OP *myop, bool is_eval)
2255 if (PL_op == myop) {
2257 PL_op = Perl_pp_entereval(aTHX); /* this doesn't do a POPMARK */
2259 PL_op = Perl_pp_entersub(aTHX); /* this does */
2265 /* Eval a string. The G_EVAL flag is always assumed. */
2268 =for apidoc p||eval_sv
2270 Tells Perl to C<eval> the string in the SV.
2276 Perl_eval_sv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
2278 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2281 UNOP myop; /* fake syntax tree node */
2282 volatile I32 oldmark = SP - PL_stack_base;
2283 volatile I32 retval = 0;
2288 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2295 Zero(PL_op, 1, UNOP);
2296 EXTEND(PL_stack_sp, 1);
2297 *++PL_stack_sp = sv;
2299 if (!(flags & G_NOARGS))
2300 myop.op_flags = OPf_STACKED;
2301 myop.op_next = Nullop;
2302 myop.op_type = OP_ENTEREVAL;
2303 myop.op_flags |= ((flags & G_VOID) ? OPf_WANT_VOID :
2304 (flags & G_ARRAY) ? OPf_WANT_LIST :
2306 if (flags & G_KEEPERR)
2307 myop.op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL;
2309 /* fail now; otherwise we could fail after the JMPENV_PUSH but
2310 * before a PUSHEVAL, which corrupts the stack after a croak */
2311 TAINT_PROPER("eval_sv()");
2317 call_body((OP*)&myop,TRUE);
2318 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2319 if (!(flags & G_KEEPERR))
2320 sv_setpvn(ERRSV,"",0);
2326 /* my_exit() was called */
2327 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2330 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED))
2331 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Callback called exit");
2336 PL_op = PL_restartop;
2340 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2341 if (flags & G_ARRAY)
2345 *++PL_stack_sp = &PL_sv_undef;
2351 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2352 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2362 =for apidoc p||eval_pv
2364 Tells Perl to C<eval> the given string and return an SV* result.
2370 Perl_eval_pv(pTHX_ const char *p, I32 croak_on_error)
2373 SV* sv = newSVpv(p, 0);
2375 eval_sv(sv, G_SCALAR);
2382 if (croak_on_error && SvTRUE(ERRSV)) {
2383 Perl_croak(aTHX_ SvPVx_nolen_const(ERRSV));
2389 /* Require a module. */
2392 =head1 Embedding Functions
2394 =for apidoc p||require_pv
2396 Tells Perl to C<require> the file named by the string argument. It is
2397 analogous to the Perl code C<eval "require '$file'">. It's even
2398 implemented that way; consider using load_module instead.
2403 Perl_require_pv(pTHX_ const char *pv)
2407 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_REQUIRE);
2409 sv = sv_newmortal();
2410 sv_setpv(sv, "require '");
2413 eval_sv(sv, G_DISCARD);
2419 Perl_magicname(pTHX_ const char *sym, const char *name, I32 namlen)
2423 if ((gv = gv_fetchpv(sym,TRUE, SVt_PV)))
2424 sv_magic(GvSV(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, namlen);
2428 S_usage(pTHX_ const char *name) /* XXX move this out into a module ? */
2430 /* This message really ought to be max 23 lines.
2431 * Removed -h because the user already knows that option. Others? */
2433 static const char * const usage_msg[] = {
2434 "-0[octal] specify record separator (\\0, if no argument)",
2435 "-A[mod][=pattern] activate all/given assertions",
2436 "-a autosplit mode with -n or -p (splits $_ into @F)",
2437 "-C[number/list] enables the listed Unicode features",
2438 "-c check syntax only (runs BEGIN and CHECK blocks)",
2439 "-d[:debugger] run program under debugger",
2440 "-D[number/list] set debugging flags (argument is a bit mask or alphabets)",
2441 "-e program one line of program (several -e's allowed, omit programfile)",
2442 "-f don't do $sitelib/sitecustomize.pl at startup",
2443 "-F/pattern/ split() pattern for -a switch (//'s are optional)",
2444 "-i[extension] edit <> files in place (makes backup if extension supplied)",
2445 "-Idirectory specify @INC/#include directory (several -I's allowed)",
2446 "-l[octal] enable line ending processing, specifies line terminator",
2447 "-[mM][-]module execute \"use/no module...\" before executing program",
2448 "-n assume \"while (<>) { ... }\" loop around program",
2449 "-p assume loop like -n but print line also, like sed",
2450 "-P run program through C preprocessor before compilation",
2451 "-s enable rudimentary parsing for switches after programfile",
2452 "-S look for programfile using PATH environment variable",
2453 "-t enable tainting warnings",
2454 "-T enable tainting checks",
2455 "-u dump core after parsing program",
2456 "-U allow unsafe operations",
2457 "-v print version, subversion (includes VERY IMPORTANT perl info)",
2458 "-V[:variable] print configuration summary (or a single Config.pm variable)",
2459 "-w enable many useful warnings (RECOMMENDED)",
2460 "-W enable all warnings",
2461 "-x[directory] strip off text before #!perl line and perhaps cd to directory",
2462 "-X disable all warnings",
2466 const char * const *p = usage_msg;
2468 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2469 "\nUsage: %s [switches] [--] [programfile] [arguments]",
2472 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(), "\n %s", *p++);
2475 /* convert a string of -D options (or digits) into an int.
2476 * sets *s to point to the char after the options */
2480 Perl_get_debug_opts(pTHX_ const char **s, bool givehelp)
2482 static const char * const usage_msgd[] = {
2483 " Debugging flag values: (see also -d)",
2484 " p Tokenizing and parsing (with v, displays parse stack)",
2485 " s Stack snapshots (with v, displays all stacks)",
2486 " l Context (loop) stack processing",
2487 " t Trace execution",
2488 " o Method and overloading resolution",
2489 " c String/numeric conversions",
2490 " P Print profiling info, preprocessor command for -P, source file input state",
2491 " m Memory allocation",
2492 " f Format processing",
2493 " r Regular expression parsing and execution",
2494 " x Syntax tree dump",
2495 " u Tainting checks",
2496 " H Hash dump -- usurps values()",
2497 " X Scratchpad allocation",
2499 " S Thread synchronization",
2501 " R Include reference counts of dumped variables (eg when using -Ds)",
2502 " J Do not s,t,P-debug (Jump over) opcodes within package DB",
2503 " v Verbose: use in conjunction with other flags",
2505 " A Consistency checks on internal structures",
2506 " q quiet - currently only suppresses the 'EXECUTING' message",
2511 /* if adding extra options, remember to update DEBUG_MASK */
2512 static const char debopts[] = "psltocPmfrxu HXDSTRJvCAq";
2514 for (; isALNUM(**s); (*s)++) {
2515 const char *d = strchr(debopts,**s);
2517 i |= 1 << (d - debopts);
2518 else if (ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
2519 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
2520 "invalid option -D%c, use -D'' to see choices\n", **s);
2523 else if (isDIGIT(**s)) {
2525 for (; isALNUM(**s); (*s)++) ;
2527 else if (givehelp) {
2528 char **p = (char **)usage_msgd;
2529 while (*p) PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(), "%s\n", *p++);
2532 if ((i & DEBUG_p_FLAG) && ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
2533 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
2534 "-Dp not implemented on this platform\n");
2540 /* This routine handles any switches that can be given during run */
2543 Perl_moreswitches(pTHX_ char *s)
2554 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rs);
2555 if (s[1] == 'x' && s[2]) {
2556 const char *e = s+=2;
2562 flags = PERL_SCAN_SILENT_ILLDIGIT;
2563 rschar = (U32)grok_hex(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
2564 if (s + numlen < e) {
2565 rschar = 0; /* Grandfather -0xFOO as -0 -xFOO. */
2569 PL_rs = newSVpvn("", 0);
2570 SvGROW(PL_rs, (STRLEN)(UNISKIP(rschar) + 1));
2571 tmps = (U8*)SvPVX(PL_rs);
2572 uvchr_to_utf8(tmps, rschar);
2573 SvCUR_set(PL_rs, UNISKIP(rschar));
2578 rschar = (U32)grok_oct(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
2579 if (rschar & ~((U8)~0))
2580 PL_rs = &PL_sv_undef;
2581 else if (!rschar && numlen >= 2)
2582 PL_rs = newSVpvn("", 0);
2584 char ch = (char)rschar;
2585 PL_rs = newSVpvn(&ch, 1);
2588 sv_setsv(get_sv("/", TRUE), PL_rs);
2593 PL_unicode = parse_unicode_opts( (const char **)&s );
2598 while (*s && !isSPACE(*s)) ++s;
2600 PL_splitstr = savepv(PL_splitstr);
2614 /* -dt indicates to the debugger that threads will be used */
2615 if (*s == 't' && !isALNUM(s[1])) {
2617 my_setenv("PERL5DB_THREADED", "1");
2620 /* The following permits -d:Mod to accepts arguments following an =
2621 in the fashion that -MSome::Mod does. */
2622 if (*s == ':' || *s == '=') {
2625 sv = newSVpv("use Devel::", 0);
2627 /* We now allow -d:Module=Foo,Bar */
2628 while(isALNUM(*s) || *s==':') ++s;
2630 sv_catpv(sv, start);
2632 sv_catpvn(sv, start, s-start);
2633 sv_catpv(sv, " split(/,/,q{");
2638 my_setenv("PERL5DB", SvPV(sv, PL_na));
2641 PL_perldb = PERLDB_ALL;
2650 PL_debug = get_debug_opts( (const char **)&s, 1) | DEBUG_TOP_FLAG;
2651 #else /* !DEBUGGING */
2652 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
2653 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
2654 "Recompile perl with -DDEBUGGING to use -D switch (did you mean -d ?)\n");
2655 for (s++; isALNUM(*s); s++) ;
2661 usage(PL_origargv[0]);
2665 Safefree(PL_inplace);
2666 #if defined(__CYGWIN__) /* do backup extension automagically */
2667 if (*(s+1) == '\0') {
2668 PL_inplace = savepv(".bak");
2671 #endif /* __CYGWIN__ */
2672 PL_inplace = savepv(s+1);
2674 for (s = PL_inplace; *s && !isSPACE(*s); s++) ;
2677 if (*s == '-') /* Additional switches on #! line. */
2681 case 'I': /* -I handled both here and in parse_body() */
2684 while (*s && isSPACE(*s))
2689 /* ignore trailing spaces (possibly followed by other switches) */
2691 for (e = p; *e && !isSPACE(*e); e++) ;
2695 } while (*p && *p != '-');
2696 e = savepvn(s, e-s);
2697 incpush(e, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE, FALSE);
2704 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No directory specified for -I");
2710 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ors_sv);
2716 PL_ors_sv = newSVpvn("\n",1);
2717 numlen = 3 + (*s == '0');
2718 *SvPVX(PL_ors_sv) = (char)grok_oct(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
2722 if (RsPARA(PL_rs)) {
2723 PL_ors_sv = newSVpvn("\n\n",2);
2726 PL_ors_sv = newSVsv(PL_rs);
2733 PL_preambleav = newAV();
2737 SV *sv = newSVpv("use assertions::activate", 24);
2738 while(isALNUM(*s) || *s == ':') ++s;
2740 sv_catpvn(sv, "::", 2);
2741 sv_catpvn(sv, start, s-start);
2744 sv_catpvn(sv, " split(/,/,q\0", 13);
2746 sv_catpvn(sv, "\0)", 2);
2749 else if (*s != '\0') {
2750 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use '%c' after -A%.*s", *s, s-start, start);
2752 av_push(PL_preambleav, sv);
2756 forbid_setid("-M"); /* XXX ? */
2759 forbid_setid("-m"); /* XXX ? */
2763 const char *use = "use ";
2764 /* -M-foo == 'no foo' */
2765 if (*s == '-') { use = "no "; ++s; }
2766 sv = newSVpv(use,0);
2768 /* We allow -M'Module qw(Foo Bar)' */
2769 while(isALNUM(*s) || *s==':') ++s;
2771 sv_catpv(sv, start);
2772 if (*(start-1) == 'm') {
2774 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use '%c' after -mname", *s);
2775 sv_catpv( sv, " ()");
2779 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Module name required with -%c option",
2781 sv_catpvn(sv, start, s-start);
2782 sv_catpv(sv, " split(/,/,q");
2783 sv_catpvn(sv, "\0)", 1); /* Use NUL as q//-delimiter. */
2785 sv_catpvn(sv, "\0)", 2);
2789 PL_preambleav = newAV();
2790 av_push(PL_preambleav, sv);
2793 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Missing argument to -%c", *(s-1));
2805 PL_doswitches = TRUE;
2819 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2820 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Believe me, you don't want to use \"-u\" on a Macintosh");
2822 PL_do_undump = TRUE;
2830 if (!sv_derived_from(PL_patchlevel, "version"))
2831 (void *)upg_version(PL_patchlevel);
2833 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2834 Perl_form(aTHX_ "\nThis is perl, v%"SVf" built for %s",
2835 vstringify(PL_patchlevel),
2838 /* Adjust verbose output as in the perl that ships with the DG/UX OS from EMC */
2839 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2840 Perl_form(aTHX_ "\nThis is perl, v%"SVf"\n",
2841 vstringify(PL_patchlevel)));
2842 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2843 Perl_form(aTHX_ " built under %s at %s %s\n",
2844 OSNAME, __DATE__, __TIME__));
2845 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2846 Perl_form(aTHX_ " OS Specific Release: %s\n",
2850 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
2851 if (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT > 0)
2852 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2853 "\n(with %d registered patch%s, "
2854 "see perl -V for more detail)",
2855 (int)LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT,
2856 (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT!=1) ? "es" : "");
2859 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2860 "\n\nCopyright 1987-2005, Larry Wall\n");
2861 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2862 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2863 "\nMac OS port Copyright 1991-2002, Matthias Neeracher;\n"
2864 "maintained by Chris Nandor\n");
2867 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2868 "\nMS-DOS port Copyright (c) 1989, 1990, Diomidis Spinellis\n");
2871 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2872 "djgpp v2 port (jpl5003c) by Hirofumi Watanabe, 1996\n"
2873 "djgpp v2 port (perl5004+) by Laszlo Molnar, 1997-1999\n");
2876 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2877 "\n\nOS/2 port Copyright (c) 1990, 1991, Raymond Chen, Kai Uwe Rommel\n"
2878 "Version 5 port Copyright (c) 1994-2002, Andreas Kaiser, Ilya Zakharevich\n");
2881 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2882 "atariST series port, ++jrb bammi@cadence.com\n");
2885 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2886 "BeOS port Copyright Tom Spindler, 1997-1999\n");
2889 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2890 "MPE/iX port Copyright by Mark Klein and Mark Bixby, 1996-2003\n");
2893 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2894 "MVS (OS390) port by Mortice Kern Systems, 1997-1999\n");
2897 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2898 "Stratus VOS port by Paul.Green@stratus.com, 1997-2002\n");
2901 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2902 "VM/ESA port by Neale Ferguson, 1998-1999\n");
2905 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2906 "BS2000 (POSIX) port by Start Amadeus GmbH, 1998-1999\n");
2909 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2910 "MiNT port by Guido Flohr, 1997-1999\n");
2913 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2914 "EPOC port by Olaf Flebbe, 1999-2002\n");
2917 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),"WINCE port by Rainer Keuchel, 2001-2002\n");
2918 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),"Built on " __DATE__ " " __TIME__ "\n\n");
2922 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2923 "Symbian port by Nokia, 2004-2005\n");
2925 #ifdef BINARY_BUILD_NOTICE
2926 BINARY_BUILD_NOTICE;
2928 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2930 Perl may be copied only under the terms of either the Artistic License or the\n\
2931 GNU General Public License, which may be found in the Perl 5 source kit.\n\n\
2932 Complete documentation for Perl, including FAQ lists, should be found on\n\
2933 this system using \"man perl\" or \"perldoc perl\". If you have access to the\n\
2934 Internet, point your browser at http://www.perl.org/, the Perl Home Page.\n\n");
2937 if (! (PL_dowarn & G_WARN_ALL_MASK))
2938 PL_dowarn |= G_WARN_ON;
2942 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_ALL_ON|G_WARN_ON;
2943 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
2944 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
2945 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = pWARN_ALL ;
2949 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_ALL_OFF;
2950 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
2951 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
2952 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = pWARN_NONE ;
2957 if (s[1] == '-') /* Additional switches on #! line. */
2962 #if defined(WIN32) || !defined(PERL_STRICT_CR)
2968 #ifdef ALTERNATE_SHEBANG
2969 case 'S': /* OS/2 needs -S on "extproc" line. */
2977 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't emulate -%.1s on #! line",s);
2982 /* compliments of Tom Christiansen */
2984 /* unexec() can be found in the Gnu emacs distribution */
2985 /* Known to work with -DUNEXEC and using unexelf.c from GNU emacs-20.2 */
2988 Perl_my_unexec(pTHX)
2996 prog = newSVpv(BIN_EXP, 0);
2997 sv_catpv(prog, "/perl");
2998 file = newSVpv(PL_origfilename, 0);
2999 sv_catpv(file, ".perldump");
3001 unexec(SvPVX(file), SvPVX(prog), &etext, sbrk(0), 0);
3002 /* unexec prints msg to stderr in case of failure */
3003 PerlProc_exit(status);
3006 # include <lib$routines.h>
3007 lib$signal(SS$_DEBUG); /* ssdef.h #included from vmsish.h */
3009 ABORT(); /* for use with undump */
3014 /* initialize curinterp */
3020 # define PERLVAR(var,type)
3021 # define PERLVARA(var,n,type)
3022 # if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
3023 # if defined(USE_5005THREADS)
3024 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
3025 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
3026 # else /* !USE_5005THREADS */
3027 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) aTHX->var = init;
3028 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) aTHX->var = init;
3029 # endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
3031 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
3032 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
3034 # include "intrpvar.h"
3035 # ifndef USE_5005THREADS
3036 # include "thrdvar.h"
3043 # define PERLVAR(var,type)
3044 # define PERLVARA(var,n,type)
3045 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PL_##var = init;
3046 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PL_##var = init;
3047 # include "intrpvar.h"
3048 # ifndef USE_5005THREADS
3049 # include "thrdvar.h"
3060 S_init_main_stash(pTHX)
3064 PL_curstash = PL_defstash = newHV();
3065 PL_curstname = newSVpvn("main",4);
3066 gv = gv_fetchpv("main::",TRUE, SVt_PVHV);
3067 SvREFCNT_dec(GvHV(gv));
3068 GvHV(gv) = (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(PL_defstash);
3070 Perl_hv_name_set(aTHX_ PL_defstash, "main", 4, 0);
3071 PL_incgv = gv_HVadd(gv_AVadd(gv_fetchpv("INC",TRUE, SVt_PVAV)));
3072 GvMULTI_on(PL_incgv);
3073 PL_hintgv = gv_fetchpv("\010",TRUE, SVt_PV); /* ^H */
3074 GvMULTI_on(PL_hintgv);
3075 PL_defgv = gv_fetchpv("_",TRUE, SVt_PVAV);
3076 PL_errgv = gv_HVadd(gv_fetchpv("@", TRUE, SVt_PV));
3077 GvMULTI_on(PL_errgv);
3078 PL_replgv = gv_fetchpv("\022", TRUE, SVt_PV); /* ^R */
3079 GvMULTI_on(PL_replgv);
3080 (void)Perl_form(aTHX_ "%240s",""); /* Preallocate temp - for immediate signals. */
3081 sv_grow(ERRSV, 240); /* Preallocate - for immediate signals. */
3082 sv_setpvn(ERRSV, "", 0);
3083 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
3084 CopSTASH_set(&PL_compiling, PL_defstash);
3085 PL_debstash = GvHV(gv_fetchpv("DB::", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
3086 PL_globalstash = GvHV(gv_fetchpv("CORE::GLOBAL::", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
3087 /* We must init $/ before switches are processed. */
3088 sv_setpvn(get_sv("/", TRUE), "\n", 1);
3091 /* PSz 18 Nov 03 fdscript now global but do not change prototype */
3093 S_open_script(pTHX_ const char *scriptname, bool dosearch, SV *sv)
3098 const char *cpp_discard_flag;
3107 PL_origfilename = savepvn("-e", 2);
3110 /* if find_script() returns, it returns a malloc()-ed value */
3111 scriptname = PL_origfilename = find_script(scriptname, dosearch, NULL, 1);
3113 if (strnEQ(scriptname, "/dev/fd/", 8) && isDIGIT(scriptname[8]) ) {
3114 const char *s = scriptname + 8;
3115 PL_fdscript = atoi(s);
3120 * Tell apart "normal" usage of fdscript, e.g.
3121 * with bash on FreeBSD:
3122 * perl <( echo '#!perl -DA'; echo 'print "$0\n"')
3123 * from usage in suidperl.
3124 * Does any "normal" usage leave garbage after the number???
3125 * Is it a mistake to use a similar /dev/fd/ construct for
3130 * Be supersafe and do some sanity-checks.
3131 * Still, can we be sure we got the right thing?
3134 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Wrong syntax (suid) fd script name \"%s\"\n", s);
3137 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Missing (suid) fd script name\n");
3139 scriptname = savepv(s + 1);
3140 Safefree(PL_origfilename);
3141 PL_origfilename = (char *)scriptname;
3146 CopFILE_free(PL_curcop);
3147 CopFILE_set(PL_curcop, PL_origfilename);
3148 if (*PL_origfilename == '-' && PL_origfilename[1] == '\0')
3149 scriptname = (char *)"";
3150 if (PL_fdscript >= 0) {
3151 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_fdopen(PL_fdscript,PERL_SCRIPT_MODE);
3152 # if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3154 /* ensure close-on-exec */
3155 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,1);
3160 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "sperl needs fd script\n"
3161 "You should not call sperl directly; do you need to "
3162 "change a #! line\nfrom sperl to perl?\n");
3165 * Do not open (or do other fancy stuff) while setuid.
3166 * Perl does the open, and hands script to suidperl on a fd;
3167 * suidperl only does some checks, sets up UIDs and re-execs
3168 * perl with that fd as it has always done.
3171 if (PL_suidscript != 1) {
3172 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "suidperl needs (suid) fd script\n");
3175 else if (PL_preprocess) {
3176 const char *cpp_cfg = CPPSTDIN;
3177 SV *cpp = newSVpvn("",0);
3178 SV *cmd = NEWSV(0,0);
3180 if (cpp_cfg[0] == 0) /* PERL_MICRO? */
3181 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't run with cpp -P with CPPSTDIN undefined");
3182 if (strEQ(cpp_cfg, "cppstdin"))
3183 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ cpp, "%s/", BIN_EXP);
3184 sv_catpv(cpp, cpp_cfg);
3187 sv_catpvn(sv, "-I", 2);
3188 sv_catpv(sv,PRIVLIB_EXP);
3191 DEBUG_P(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3192 "PL_preprocess: scriptname=\"%s\", cpp=\"%s\", sv=\"%s\", CPPMINUS=\"%s\"\n",
3193 scriptname, SvPVX_const (cpp), SvPVX_const (sv),
3196 # if defined(MSDOS) || defined(WIN32) || defined(VMS)
3203 cpp_discard_flag = "";
3205 cpp_discard_flag = "-C";
3209 perl = os2_execname(aTHX);
3211 perl = PL_origargv[0];
3215 /* This strips off Perl comments which might interfere with
3216 the C pre-processor, including #!. #line directives are
3217 deliberately stripped to avoid confusion with Perl's version
3218 of #line. FWP played some golf with it so it will fit
3219 into VMS's 255 character buffer.
3222 code = "(1../^#!.*perl/i)|/^\\s*#(?!\\s*((ifn?|un)def|(el|end)?if|define|include|else|error|pragma)\\b)/||!($|=1)||print";
3224 code = "/^\\s*#(?!\\s*((ifn?|un)def|(el|end)?if|define|include|else|error|pragma)\\b)/||!($|=1)||print";
3226 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ cmd, "\
3227 %s -ne%s%s%s %s | %"SVf" %s %"SVf" %s",
3228 perl, quote, code, quote, scriptname, cpp,
3229 cpp_discard_flag, sv, CPPMINUS);
3231 PL_doextract = FALSE;
3233 DEBUG_P(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3234 "PL_preprocess: cmd=\"%s\"\n",
3237 PL_rsfp = PerlProc_popen((char *)SvPVX_const(cmd), (char *)"r");
3241 else if (!*scriptname) {
3242 forbid_setid("program input from stdin");
3243 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_stdin();
3246 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_open(scriptname,PERL_SCRIPT_MODE);
3247 # if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3249 /* ensure close-on-exec */
3250 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,1);
3253 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3255 /* PSz 16 Sep 03 Keep neat error message */
3256 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't open perl script \"%s\": %s\n",
3257 CopFILE(PL_curcop), Strerror(errno));
3262 * I_SYSSTATVFS HAS_FSTATVFS
3264 * I_STATFS HAS_FSTATFS HAS_GETFSSTAT
3265 * I_MNTENT HAS_GETMNTENT HAS_HASMNTOPT
3266 * here so that metaconfig picks them up. */
3270 S_fd_on_nosuid_fs(pTHX_ int fd)
3273 * We used to do this as "plain" user (after swapping UIDs with setreuid);
3274 * but is needed also on machines without setreuid.
3275 * Seems safe enough to run as root.
3277 int check_okay = 0; /* able to do all the required sys/libcalls */
3278 int on_nosuid = 0; /* the fd is on a nosuid fs */
3280 * Need to check noexec also: nosuid might not be set, the average
3281 * sysadmin would say that nosuid is irrelevant once he sets noexec.
3283 int on_noexec = 0; /* the fd is on a noexec fs */
3286 * Preferred order: fstatvfs(), fstatfs(), ustat()+getmnt(), getmntent().
3287 * fstatvfs() is UNIX98.
3288 * fstatfs() is 4.3 BSD.
3289 * ustat()+getmnt() is pre-4.3 BSD.
3290 * getmntent() is O(number-of-mounted-filesystems) and can hang on
3291 * an irrelevant filesystem while trying to reach the right one.
3294 #undef FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY /* found the syscalls to do the check? */
3296 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3297 defined(HAS_FSTATVFS)
3298 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3299 struct statvfs stfs;
3301 check_okay = fstatvfs(fd, &stfs) == 0;
3302 on_nosuid = check_okay && (stfs.f_flag & ST_NOSUID);
3304 /* ST_NOEXEC certainly absent on AIX 5.1, and doesn't seem to be documented
3305 on platforms where it is present. */
3306 on_noexec = check_okay && (stfs.f_flag & ST_NOEXEC);
3308 # endif /* fstatvfs */
3310 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3311 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID) && \
3312 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC) && \
3313 defined(HAS_FSTATFS) && \
3314 defined(HAS_STRUCT_STATFS) && \
3315 defined(HAS_STRUCT_STATFS_F_FLAGS)
3316 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3319 check_okay = fstatfs(fd, &stfs) == 0;
3320 on_nosuid = check_okay && (stfs.f_flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID);
3321 on_noexec = check_okay && (stfs.f_flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC);
3322 # endif /* fstatfs */
3324 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3325 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID) && \
3326 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC) && \
3327 defined(HAS_FSTAT) && \
3328 defined(HAS_USTAT) && \
3329 defined(HAS_GETMNT) && \
3330 defined(HAS_STRUCT_FS_DATA) && \
3332 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3335 if (fstat(fd, &fdst) == 0) {
3337 if (ustat(fdst.st_dev, &us) == 0) {
3339 /* NOSTAT_ONE here because we're not examining fields which
3340 * vary between that case and STAT_ONE. */
3341 if (getmnt((int*)0, &fsd, (int)0, NOSTAT_ONE, us.f_fname) == 0) {
3342 size_t cmplen = sizeof(us.f_fname);
3343 if (sizeof(fsd.fd_req.path) < cmplen)
3344 cmplen = sizeof(fsd.fd_req.path);
3345 if (strnEQ(fsd.fd_req.path, us.f_fname, cmplen) &&
3346 fdst.st_dev == fsd.fd_req.dev) {
3348 on_nosuid = fsd.fd_req.flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID;
3349 on_noexec = fsd.fd_req.flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC;
3355 # endif /* fstat+ustat+getmnt */
3357 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3358 defined(HAS_GETMNTENT) && \
3359 defined(HAS_HASMNTOPT) && \
3360 defined(MNTOPT_NOSUID) && \
3361 defined(MNTOPT_NOEXEC)
3362 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3363 FILE *mtab = fopen("/etc/mtab", "r");
3364 struct mntent *entry;
3367 if (mtab && (fstat(fd, &stb) == 0)) {
3368 while (entry = getmntent(mtab)) {
3369 if (stat(entry->mnt_dir, &fsb) == 0
3370 && fsb.st_dev == stb.st_dev)
3372 /* found the filesystem */
3374 if (hasmntopt(entry, MNTOPT_NOSUID))
3376 if (hasmntopt(entry, MNTOPT_NOEXEC))
3379 } /* A single fs may well fail its stat(). */
3384 # endif /* getmntent+hasmntopt */
3387 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't check filesystem of script \"%s\" for nosuid/noexec", PL_origfilename);
3389 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script \"%s\" on nosuid filesystem", PL_origfilename);
3391 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script \"%s\" on noexec filesystem", PL_origfilename);
3392 return ((!check_okay) || on_nosuid || on_noexec);
3394 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3397 S_validate_suid(pTHX_ const char *validarg, const char *scriptname)
3402 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3404 /* do we need to emulate setuid on scripts? */
3406 /* This code is for those BSD systems that have setuid #! scripts disabled
3407 * in the kernel because of a security problem. Merely defining DOSUID
3408 * in perl will not fix that problem, but if you have disabled setuid
3409 * scripts in the kernel, this will attempt to emulate setuid and setgid
3410 * on scripts that have those now-otherwise-useless bits set. The setuid
3411 * root version must be called suidperl or sperlN.NNN. If regular perl
3412 * discovers that it has opened a setuid script, it calls suidperl with
3413 * the same argv that it had. If suidperl finds that the script it has
3414 * just opened is NOT setuid root, it sets the effective uid back to the
3415 * uid. We don't just make perl setuid root because that loses the
3416 * effective uid we had before invoking perl, if it was different from the
3419 * Description/comments above do not match current workings:
3420 * suidperl must be hardlinked to sperlN.NNN (that is what we exec);
3421 * suidperl called with script open and name changed to /dev/fd/N/X;
3422 * suidperl croaks if script is not setuid;
3423 * making perl setuid would be a huge security risk (and yes, that
3424 * would lose any euid we might have had).
3426 * DOSUID must be defined in both perl and suidperl, and IAMSUID must
3427 * be defined in suidperl only. suidperl must be setuid root. The
3428 * Configure script will set this up for you if you want it.
3434 if (PerlLIO_fstat(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),&PL_statbuf) < 0) /* normal stat is insecure */
3435 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't stat script \"%s\"",PL_origfilename);
3436 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & (S_ISUID|S_ISGID)) {
3438 const char *linestr;
3441 if (PL_fdscript < 0 || PL_suidscript != 1)
3442 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Need (suid) fdscript in suidperl\n"); /* We already checked this */
3444 * Since the script is opened by perl, not suidperl, some of these
3445 * checks are superfluous. Leaving them in probably does not lower
3449 * Do checks even for systems with no HAS_SETREUID.
3450 * We used to swap, then re-swap UIDs with
3452 if (setreuid(PL_euid,PL_uid) < 0
3453 || PerlProc_getuid() != PL_euid || PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_uid)
3454 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't swap uid and euid");
3457 if (setreuid(PL_uid,PL_euid) < 0
3458 || PerlProc_getuid() != PL_uid || PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_euid)
3459 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't reswap uid and euid");
3463 /* On this access check to make sure the directories are readable,
3464 * there is actually a small window that the user could use to make
3465 * filename point to an accessible directory. So there is a faint
3466 * chance that someone could execute a setuid script down in a
3467 * non-accessible directory. I don't know what to do about that.
3468 * But I don't think it's too important. The manual lies when
3469 * it says access() is useful in setuid programs.
3471 * So, access() is pretty useless... but not harmful... do anyway.
3473 if (PerlLIO_access(CopFILE(PL_curcop),1)) { /*double check*/
3474 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't access() script\n");
3477 /* If we can swap euid and uid, then we can determine access rights
3478 * with a simple stat of the file, and then compare device and
3479 * inode to make sure we did stat() on the same file we opened.
3480 * Then we just have to make sure he or she can execute it.
3483 * As the script is opened by perl, not suidperl, we do not need to
3484 * care much about access rights.
3486 * The 'script changed' check is needed, or we can get lied to
3487 * about $0 with e.g.
3488 * suidperl /dev/fd/4//bin/x 4<setuidscript
3489 * Without HAS_SETREUID, is it safe to stat() as root?
3491 * Are there any operating systems that pass /dev/fd/xxx for setuid
3492 * scripts, as suggested/described in perlsec(1)? Surely they do not
3493 * pass the script name as we do, so the "script changed" test would
3494 * fail for them... but we never get here with
3495 * SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW defined.
3497 * This is one place where we must "lie" about return status: not
3498 * say if the stat() failed. We are doing this as root, and could
3499 * be tricked into reporting existence or not of files that the
3500 * "plain" user cannot even see.
3504 if (PerlLIO_stat(CopFILE(PL_curcop),&tmpstatbuf) < 0 ||
3505 tmpstatbuf.st_dev != PL_statbuf.st_dev ||
3506 tmpstatbuf.st_ino != PL_statbuf.st_ino) {
3507 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script changed\n");
3511 if (!cando(S_IXUSR,FALSE,&PL_statbuf)) /* can real uid exec? */
3512 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Real UID cannot exec script\n");
3515 * We used to do this check as the "plain" user (after swapping
3516 * UIDs). But the check for nosuid and noexec filesystem is needed,
3517 * and should be done even without HAS_SETREUID. (Maybe those
3518 * operating systems do not have such mount options anyway...)
3519 * Seems safe enough to do as root.
3521 #if !defined(NO_NOSUID_CHECK)
3522 if (fd_on_nosuid_fs(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp))) {
3523 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script on nosuid or noexec filesystem\n");
3526 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3528 if (!S_ISREG(PL_statbuf.st_mode)) {
3529 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script not plain file\n");
3531 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_IWOTH)
3532 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid/gid script is writable by world");
3533 PL_doswitches = FALSE; /* -s is insecure in suid */
3534 /* PSz 13 Nov 03 But -s was caught elsewhere ... so unsetting it here is useless(?!) */
3535 CopLINE_inc(PL_curcop);
3536 linestr = SvPV_nolen_const(PL_linestr);
3537 if (sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0) == Nullch ||
3538 strnNE(linestr,"#!",2) ) /* required even on Sys V */
3539 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No #! line");
3543 /* Sanity check on line length */
3544 if (strlen(s) < 1 || strlen(s) > 4000)
3545 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Very long #! line");
3546 /* Allow more than a single space after #! */
3547 while (isSPACE(*s)) s++;
3548 /* Sanity check on buffer end */
3549 while ((*s) && !isSPACE(*s)) s++;
3550 for (s2 = s; (s2 > linestr &&
3551 (isDIGIT(s2[-1]) || s2[-1] == '.' || s2[-1] == '_'
3552 || s2[-1] == '-')); s2--) ;
3553 /* Sanity check on buffer start */
3554 if ( (s2-4 < linestr || strnNE(s2-4,"perl",4)) &&
3555 (s-9 < linestr || strnNE(s-9,"perl",4)) )
3556 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Not a perl script");
3557 while (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t') s++;
3559 * #! arg must be what we saw above. They can invoke it by
3560 * mentioning suidperl explicitly, but they may not add any strange
3561 * arguments beyond what #! says if they do invoke suidperl that way.
3564 * The way validarg was set up, we rely on the kernel to start
3565 * scripts with argv[1] set to contain all #! line switches (the
3569 * Check that we got all the arguments listed in the #! line (not
3570 * just that there are no extraneous arguments). Might not matter
3571 * much, as switches from #! line seem to be acted upon (also), and
3572 * so may be checked and trapped in perl. But, security checks must
3573 * be done in suidperl and not deferred to perl. Note that suidperl
3574 * does not get around to parsing (and checking) the switches on
3575 * the #! line (but execs perl sooner).
3576 * Allow (require) a trailing newline (which may be of two
3577 * characters on some architectures?) (but no other trailing
3580 len = strlen(validarg);
3581 if (strEQ(validarg," PHOOEY ") ||
3582 strnNE(s,validarg,len) || !isSPACE(s[len]) ||
3583 !(strlen(s) == len+1 || (strlen(s) == len+2 && isSPACE(s[len+1]))))
3584 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Args must match #! line");
3587 if (PL_fdscript < 0 &&
3588 PL_euid != PL_uid && (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID) &&
3589 PL_euid == PL_statbuf.st_uid)
3591 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "YOU HAVEN'T DISABLED SET-ID SCRIPTS IN THE KERNEL YET!\n\
3592 FIX YOUR KERNEL, OR PUT A C WRAPPER AROUND THIS SCRIPT!\n");
3593 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3595 if (PL_fdscript < 0 &&
3596 PL_euid) { /* oops, we're not the setuid root perl */
3598 * When root runs a setuid script, we do not go through the same
3599 * steps of execing sperl and then perl with fd scripts, but
3600 * simply set up UIDs within the same perl invocation; so do
3601 * not have the same checks (on options, whatever) that we have
3602 * for plain users. No problem really: would have to be a script
3603 * that does not actually work for plain users; and if root is
3604 * foolish and can be persuaded to run such an unsafe script, he
3605 * might run also non-setuid ones, and deserves what he gets.
3607 * Or, we might drop the PL_euid check above (and rely just on
3608 * PL_fdscript to avoid loops), and do the execs
3614 * Pass fd script to suidperl.
3615 * Exec suidperl, substituting fd script for scriptname.
3616 * Pass script name as "subdir" of fd, which perl will grok;
3617 * in fact will use that to distinguish this from "normal"
3618 * usage, see comments above.
3620 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
3621 PerlLIO_lseek(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),(Off_t)0,0); /* just in case rewind didn't */
3622 /* PSz 27 Feb 04 Sanity checks on scriptname */
3623 if ((!scriptname) || (!*scriptname) ) {
3624 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No setuid script name\n");
3626 if (*scriptname == '-') {
3627 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script name may not begin with dash\n");
3628 /* Or we might confuse it with an option when replacing
3629 * name in argument list, below (though we do pointer, not
3630 * string, comparisons).
3633 for (which = 1; PL_origargv[which] && PL_origargv[which] != scriptname; which++) ;
3634 if (!PL_origargv[which]) {
3635 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't change argv to have fd script\n");
3637 PL_origargv[which] = savepv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "/dev/fd/%d/%s",
3638 PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp), PL_origargv[which]));
3639 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3640 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,0); /* ensure no close-on-exec */
3643 PerlProc_execv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s/sperl"PERL_FS_VER_FMT, BIN_EXP,
3644 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
3645 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION), PL_origargv);
3647 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3648 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setuid (cannot exec sperl)\n");
3651 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISGID && PL_statbuf.st_gid != PL_egid) {
3653 * This seems back to front: we try HAS_SETEGID first; if not available
3654 * then try HAS_SETREGID; as a last chance we try HAS_SETRESGID. May be OK
3655 * in the sense that we only want to set EGID; but are there any machines
3656 * with either of the latter, but not the former? Same with UID, later.
3659 (void)setegid(PL_statbuf.st_gid);
3662 (void)setregid((Gid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_gid);
3664 #ifdef HAS_SETRESGID
3665 (void)setresgid((Gid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_gid,(Gid_t)-1);
3667 PerlProc_setgid(PL_statbuf.st_gid);
3671 if (PerlProc_getegid() != PL_statbuf.st_gid)
3672 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setegid!\n");
3674 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID) {
3675 if (PL_statbuf.st_uid != PL_euid)
3677 (void)seteuid(PL_statbuf.st_uid); /* all that for this */
3680 (void)setreuid((Uid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_uid);
3682 #ifdef HAS_SETRESUID
3683 (void)setresuid((Uid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_uid,(Uid_t)-1);
3685 PerlProc_setuid(PL_statbuf.st_uid);
3689 if (PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_statbuf.st_uid)
3690 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do seteuid!\n");
3692 else if (PL_uid) { /* oops, mustn't run as root */
3694 (void)seteuid((Uid_t)PL_uid);
3697 (void)setreuid((Uid_t)-1,(Uid_t)PL_uid);
3699 #ifdef HAS_SETRESUID
3700 (void)setresuid((Uid_t)-1,(Uid_t)PL_uid,(Uid_t)-1);
3702 PerlProc_setuid((Uid_t)PL_uid);
3706 if (PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_uid)
3707 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do seteuid!\n");
3710 if (!cando(S_IXUSR,TRUE,&PL_statbuf))
3711 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Effective UID cannot exec script\n"); /* they can't do this */
3714 else if (PL_preprocess) /* PSz 13 Nov 03 Caught elsewhere, useless(?!) here */
3715 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "-P not allowed for setuid/setgid script\n");
3716 else if (PL_fdscript < 0 || PL_suidscript != 1)
3717 /* PSz 13 Nov 03 Caught elsewhere, useless(?!) here */
3718 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "(suid) fdscript needed in suidperl\n");
3720 /* PSz 16 Sep 03 Keep neat error message */
3721 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Script is not setuid/setgid in suidperl\n");
3724 /* We absolutely must clear out any saved ids here, so we */
3725 /* exec the real perl, substituting fd script for scriptname. */
3726 /* (We pass script name as "subdir" of fd, which perl will grok.) */
3728 * It might be thought that using setresgid and/or setresuid (changed to
3729 * set the saved IDs) above might obviate the need to exec, and we could
3730 * go on to "do the perl thing".
3732 * Is there such a thing as "saved GID", and is that set for setuid (but
3733 * not setgid) execution like suidperl? Without exec, it would not be
3734 * cleared for setuid (but not setgid) scripts (or might need a dummy
3737 * We need suidperl to do the exact same argument checking that perl
3738 * does. Thus it cannot be very small; while it could be significantly
3739 * smaller, it is safer (simpler?) to make it essentially the same
3740 * binary as perl (but they are not identical). - Maybe could defer that
3741 * check to the invoked perl, and suidperl be a tiny wrapper instead;
3742 * but prefer to do thorough checks in suidperl itself. Such deferral
3743 * would make suidperl security rely on perl, a design no-no.
3745 * Setuid things should be short and simple, thus easy to understand and
3746 * verify. They should do their "own thing", without influence by
3747 * attackers. It may help if their internal execution flow is fixed,
3748 * regardless of platform: it may be best to exec anyway.
3750 * Suidperl should at least be conceptually simple: a wrapper only,
3751 * never to do any real perl. Maybe we should put
3753 * Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Suidperl should never do real perl\n");
3755 * into the perly bits.
3757 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
3758 PerlLIO_lseek(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),(Off_t)0,0); /* just in case rewind didn't */
3760 * Keep original arguments: suidperl already has fd script.
3762 /* for (which = 1; PL_origargv[which] && PL_origargv[which] != scriptname; which++) ; */
3763 /* if (!PL_origargv[which]) { */
3764 /* errno = EPERM; */
3765 /* Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Permission denied\n"); */
3767 /* PL_origargv[which] = savepv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "/dev/fd/%d/%s", */
3768 /* PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp), PL_origargv[which])); */
3769 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3770 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,0); /* ensure no close-on-exec */
3773 PerlProc_execv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s/perl"PERL_FS_VER_FMT, BIN_EXP,
3774 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
3775 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION), PL_origargv);/* try again */
3777 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setuid (suidperl cannot exec perl)\n");
3778 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3780 if (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid) { /* (suidperl doesn't exist, in fact) */
3781 #ifndef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
3782 PerlLIO_fstat(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),&PL_statbuf); /* may be either wrapped or real suid */
3783 if ((PL_euid != PL_uid && PL_euid == PL_statbuf.st_uid && PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID)
3785 (PL_egid != PL_gid && PL_egid == PL_statbuf.st_gid && PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISGID)
3788 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "YOU HAVEN'T DISABLED SET-ID SCRIPTS IN THE KERNEL YET!\n\
3789 FIX YOUR KERNEL, PUT A C WRAPPER AROUND THIS SCRIPT, OR USE -u AND UNDUMP!\n");
3790 #endif /* SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW */
3791 /* not set-id, must be wrapped */
3799 S_find_beginning(pTHX)
3802 register const char *s2;
3803 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3807 /* skip forward in input to the real script? */
3810 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3811 /* Since the Mac OS does not honor #! arguments for us, we do it ourselves */
3813 while (PL_doextract || gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
3814 if ((s = sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0)) == Nullch) {
3815 if (!gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract)
3816 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No Perl script found in input\n");
3818 if (PL_doextract) /* require explicit override ? */
3819 if (!OverrideExtract(PL_origfilename))
3820 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "User aborted script\n");
3822 PL_doextract = FALSE;
3824 /* Pater peccavi, file does not have #! */
3825 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
3830 while (PL_doextract) {
3831 if ((s = sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0)) == Nullch)
3832 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No Perl script found in input\n");
3835 if (*s == '#' && s[1] == '!' && ((s = instr(s,"perl")) || (s = instr(s2,"PERL")))) {
3836 PerlIO_ungetc(PL_rsfp, '\n'); /* to keep line count right */
3837 PL_doextract = FALSE;
3838 while (*s && !(isSPACE (*s) || *s == '#')) s++;
3840 while (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t') s++;
3842 while (isDIGIT(s2[-1]) || s2[-1] == '-' || s2[-1] == '.'
3843 || s2[-1] == '_') s2--;
3844 if (strnEQ(s2-4,"perl",4))
3846 while ((s = moreswitches(s)))
3849 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3850 /* We are always searching for the #!perl line in MacPerl,
3851 * so if we find it, still keep the line count correct
3852 * by counting lines we already skipped over
3854 for (; maclines > 0 ; maclines--)
3855 PerlIO_ungetc(PL_rsfp, '\n');
3859 /* gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract is false in MPW tool */
3860 } else if (gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
3871 PL_uid = PerlProc_getuid();
3872 PL_euid = PerlProc_geteuid();
3873 PL_gid = PerlProc_getgid();
3874 PL_egid = PerlProc_getegid();
3876 PL_uid |= PL_gid << 16;
3877 PL_euid |= PL_egid << 16;
3879 /* Should not happen: */
3880 CHECK_MALLOC_TAINT(PL_uid && (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid));
3881 PL_tainting |= (PL_uid && (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid));
3884 * Should go by suidscript, not uid!=euid: why disallow
3885 * system("ls") in scripts run from setuid things?
3886 * Or, is this run before we check arguments and set suidscript?
3887 * What about SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW: could we use fdscript then?
3888 * (We never have suidscript, can we be sure to have fdscript?)
3889 * Or must then go by UID checks? See comments in forbid_setid also.
3893 /* This is used very early in the lifetime of the program,
3894 * before even the options are parsed, so PL_tainting has
3895 * not been initialized properly. */
3897 Perl_doing_taint(int argc, char *argv[], char *envp[])
3899 #ifndef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
3900 /* If we have PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS we can't call getuid() et alia
3901 * before we have an interpreter-- and the whole point of this
3902 * function is to be called at such an early stage. If you are on
3903 * a system with PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS but you do have a concept of
3904 * "tainted because running with altered effective ids', you'll
3905 * have to add your own checks somewhere in here. The two most
3906 * known samples of 'implicitness' are Win32 and NetWare, neither
3907 * of which has much of concept of 'uids'. */
3908 int uid = PerlProc_getuid();
3909 int euid = PerlProc_geteuid();
3910 int gid = PerlProc_getgid();
3911 int egid = PerlProc_getegid();
3918 if (uid && (euid != uid || egid != gid))
3920 #endif /* !PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS */
3921 /* This is a really primitive check; environment gets ignored only
3922 * if -T are the first chars together; otherwise one gets
3923 * "Too late" message. */
3924 if ( argc > 1 && argv[1][0] == '-'
3925 && (argv[1][1] == 't' || argv[1][1] == 'T') )
3931 S_forbid_setid(pTHX_ const char *s)
3933 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
3934 if (PL_euid != PL_uid)
3935 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed while running setuid", s);
3936 if (PL_egid != PL_gid)
3937 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed while running setgid", s);
3938 #endif /* SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW */
3940 * Checks for UID/GID above "wrong": why disallow
3941 * perl -e 'print "Hello\n"'
3942 * from within setuid things?? Simply drop them: replaced by
3943 * fdscript/suidscript and #ifdef IAMSUID checks below.
3945 * This may be too late for command-line switches. Will catch those on
3946 * the #! line, after finding the script name and setting up
3947 * fdscript/suidscript. Note that suidperl does not get around to
3948 * parsing (and checking) the switches on the #! line, but checks that
3949 * the two sets are identical.
3951 * With SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW, could we use fdscript, also or
3952 * instead, or would that be "too late"? (We never have suidscript, can
3953 * we be sure to have fdscript?)
3955 * Catch things with suidscript (in descendant of suidperl), even with
3956 * right UID/GID. Was already checked in suidperl, with #ifdef IAMSUID,
3957 * below; but I am paranoid.
3959 * Also see comments about root running a setuid script, elsewhere.
3961 if (PL_suidscript >= 0)
3962 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed with (suid) fdscript", s);
3964 /* PSz 11 Nov 03 Catch it in suidperl, always! */
3965 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed in suidperl", s);
3966 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3970 Perl_init_debugger(pTHX)
3972 HV *ostash = PL_curstash;
3974 PL_curstash = PL_debstash;
3975 PL_dbargs = GvAV(gv_AVadd((gv_fetchpv("DB::args", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVAV))));
3976 AvREAL_off(PL_dbargs);
3977 PL_DBgv = gv_fetchpv("DB::DB", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVGV);
3978 PL_DBline = gv_fetchpv("DB::dbline", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVAV);
3979 PL_DBsub = gv_HVadd(gv_fetchpv("DB::sub", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
3980 PL_DBsingle = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("DB::single", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
3981 sv_setiv(PL_DBsingle, 0);
3982 PL_DBtrace = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("DB::trace", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
3983 sv_setiv(PL_DBtrace, 0);
3984 PL_DBsignal = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("DB::signal", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
3985 sv_setiv(PL_DBsignal, 0);
3986 PL_DBassertion = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("DB::assertion", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
3987 sv_setiv(PL_DBassertion, 0);
3988 PL_curstash = ostash;
3991 #ifndef STRESS_REALLOC
3992 #define REASONABLE(size) (size)
3994 #define REASONABLE(size) (1) /* unreasonable */
3998 Perl_init_stacks(pTHX)
4000 /* start with 128-item stack and 8K cxstack */
4001 PL_curstackinfo = new_stackinfo(REASONABLE(128),
4002 REASONABLE(8192/sizeof(PERL_CONTEXT) - 1));
4003 PL_curstackinfo->si_type = PERLSI_MAIN;
4004 PL_curstack = PL_curstackinfo->si_stack;
4005 PL_mainstack = PL_curstack; /* remember in case we switch stacks */
4007 PL_stack_base = AvARRAY(PL_curstack);
4008 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base;
4009 PL_stack_max = PL_stack_base + AvMAX(PL_curstack);
4011 New(50,PL_tmps_stack,REASONABLE(128),SV*);
4014 PL_tmps_max = REASONABLE(128);
4016 New(54,PL_markstack,REASONABLE(32),I32);
4017 PL_markstack_ptr = PL_markstack;
4018 PL_markstack_max = PL_markstack + REASONABLE(32);
4022 New(54,PL_scopestack,REASONABLE(32),I32);
4023 PL_scopestack_ix = 0;
4024 PL_scopestack_max = REASONABLE(32);
4026 New(54,PL_savestack,REASONABLE(128),ANY);
4027 PL_savestack_ix = 0;
4028 PL_savestack_max = REASONABLE(128);
4036 while (PL_curstackinfo->si_next)
4037 PL_curstackinfo = PL_curstackinfo->si_next;
4038 while (PL_curstackinfo) {
4039 PERL_SI *p = PL_curstackinfo->si_prev;
4040 /* curstackinfo->si_stack got nuked by sv_free_arenas() */
4041 Safefree(PL_curstackinfo->si_cxstack);
4042 Safefree(PL_curstackinfo);
4043 PL_curstackinfo = p;
4045 Safefree(PL_tmps_stack);
4046 Safefree(PL_markstack);
4047 Safefree(PL_scopestack);
4048 Safefree(PL_savestack);
4057 lex_start(PL_linestr);
4059 PL_subname = newSVpvn("main",4);
4063 S_init_predump_symbols(pTHX)
4068 sv_setpvn(get_sv("\"", TRUE), " ", 1);
4069 PL_stdingv = gv_fetchpv("STDIN",TRUE, SVt_PVIO);
4070 GvMULTI_on(PL_stdingv);
4071 io = GvIOp(PL_stdingv);
4072 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_RDONLY;
4073 IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stdin();
4074 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("stdin",TRUE, SVt_PV);
4076 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc(io);
4078 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("STDOUT",TRUE, SVt_PVIO);
4081 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_WRONLY;
4082 IoOFP(io) = IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stdout();
4084 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("stdout",TRUE, SVt_PV);
4086 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc(io);
4088 PL_stderrgv = gv_fetchpv("STDERR",TRUE, SVt_PVIO);
4089 GvMULTI_on(PL_stderrgv);
4090 io = GvIOp(PL_stderrgv);
4091 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_WRONLY;
4092 IoOFP(io) = IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stderr();
4093 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("stderr",TRUE, SVt_PV);
4095 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc(io);
4097 PL_statname = NEWSV(66,0); /* last filename we did stat on */
4100 Safefree(PL_osname);
4101 PL_osname = savepv(OSNAME);
4105 Perl_init_argv_symbols(pTHX_ register int argc, register char **argv)
4108 argc--,argv++; /* skip name of script */
4109 if (PL_doswitches) {
4110 for (; argc > 0 && **argv == '-'; argc--,argv++) {
4113 if (argv[0][1] == '-' && !argv[0][2]) {
4117 if ((s = strchr(argv[0], '='))) {
4119 sv_setpv(GvSV(gv_fetchpv(argv[0]+1,TRUE, SVt_PV)),s);
4122 sv_setiv(GvSV(gv_fetchpv(argv[0]+1,TRUE, SVt_PV)),1);
4125 if ((PL_argvgv = gv_fetchpv("ARGV",TRUE, SVt_PVAV))) {
4126 GvMULTI_on(PL_argvgv);
4127 (void)gv_AVadd(PL_argvgv);
4128 av_clear(GvAVn(PL_argvgv));
4129 for (; argc > 0; argc--,argv++) {
4130 SV *sv = newSVpv(argv[0],0);
4131 av_push(GvAVn(PL_argvgv),sv);
4132 if (!(PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_LOCALE_FLAG) || PL_utf8locale) {
4133 if (PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_ARGV_FLAG)
4136 if (PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_WIDESYSCALLS_FLAG) /* Sarathy? */
4137 (void)sv_utf8_decode(sv);
4143 S_init_postdump_symbols(pTHX_ register int argc, register char **argv, register char **env)
4148 PL_toptarget = NEWSV(0,0);
4149 sv_upgrade(PL_toptarget, SVt_PVFM);
4150 sv_setpvn(PL_toptarget, "", 0);
4151 PL_bodytarget = NEWSV(0,0);
4152 sv_upgrade(PL_bodytarget, SVt_PVFM);
4153 sv_setpvn(PL_bodytarget, "", 0);
4154 PL_formtarget = PL_bodytarget;
4158 init_argv_symbols(argc,argv);
4160 if ((tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("0",TRUE, SVt_PV))) {
4161 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4162 /* $0 is not majick on a Mac */
4163 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv),MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
4165 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv),PL_origfilename);
4166 magicname("0", "0", 1);
4169 if ((PL_envgv = gv_fetchpv("ENV",TRUE, SVt_PVHV))) {
4171 GvMULTI_on(PL_envgv);
4172 hv = GvHVn(PL_envgv);
4173 hv_magic(hv, Nullgv, PERL_MAGIC_env);
4175 #ifdef USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY
4176 /* Note that if the supplied env parameter is actually a copy
4177 of the global environ then it may now point to free'd memory
4178 if the environment has been modified since. To avoid this
4179 problem we treat env==NULL as meaning 'use the default'
4184 # ifdef USE_ITHREADS
4185 && PL_curinterp == aTHX
4189 environ[0] = Nullch;
4192 char** origenv = environ;
4195 for (; *env; env++) {
4196 if (!(s = strchr(*env,'=')) || s == *env)
4198 #if defined(MSDOS) && !defined(DJGPP)
4203 sv = newSVpv(s+1, 0);
4204 (void)hv_store(hv, *env, s - *env, sv, 0);
4207 if (origenv != environ) {
4208 /* realloc has shifted us */
4209 env = (env - origenv) + environ;
4214 #endif /* USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY */
4215 #endif /* !PERL_MICRO */
4218 if ((tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("$",TRUE, SVt_PV))) {
4219 SvREADONLY_off(GvSV(tmpgv));
4220 sv_setiv(GvSV(tmpgv), (IV)PerlProc_getpid());
4221 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(tmpgv));
4223 #ifdef THREADS_HAVE_PIDS
4224 PL_ppid = (IV)getppid();
4227 /* touch @F array to prevent spurious warnings 20020415 MJD */
4229 (void) get_av("main::F", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4231 /* touch @- and @+ arrays to prevent spurious warnings 20020415 MJD */
4232 (void) get_av("main::-", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4233 (void) get_av("main::+", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4237 S_init_perllib(pTHX)
4242 s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL5LIB");
4244 incpush(s, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE);
4246 incpush(PerlEnv_getenv("PERLLIB"), FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4248 /* Treat PERL5?LIB as a possible search list logical name -- the
4249 * "natural" VMS idiom for a Unix path string. We allow each
4250 * element to be a set of |-separated directories for compatibility.
4254 if (my_trnlnm("PERL5LIB",buf,0))
4255 do { incpush(buf,TRUE,TRUE,TRUE,FALSE); } while (my_trnlnm("PERL5LIB",buf,++idx));
4257 while (my_trnlnm("PERLLIB",buf,idx++)) incpush(buf,FALSE,FALSE,TRUE,FALSE);
4261 /* Use the ~-expanded versions of APPLLIB (undocumented),
4262 ARCHLIB PRIVLIB SITEARCH SITELIB VENDORARCH and VENDORLIB
4265 incpush(APPLLIB_EXP, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4269 incpush(ARCHLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4271 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4274 SV * privdir = NEWSV(55, 0);
4275 char * macperl = PerlEnv_getenv("MACPERL");
4280 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ privdir, "%slib:", macperl);
4281 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(privdir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 && S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode))
4282 incpush(SvPVX(privdir), TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4283 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ privdir, "%ssite_perl:", macperl);
4284 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(privdir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 && S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode))
4285 incpush(SvPVX(privdir), TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4287 SvREFCNT_dec(privdir);
4290 incpush(":", FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4293 # define PRIVLIB_EXP "/usr/local/lib/perl5:/usr/local/lib/perl"
4296 incpush(PRIVLIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4298 incpush(PRIVLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4302 /* sitearch is always relative to sitelib on Windows for
4303 * DLL-based path intuition to work correctly */
4304 # if !defined(WIN32)
4305 incpush(SITEARCH_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4311 /* this picks up sitearch as well */
4312 incpush(SITELIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4314 incpush(SITELIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4318 #ifdef SITELIB_STEM /* Search for version-specific dirs below here */
4319 incpush(SITELIB_STEM, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4322 #ifdef PERL_VENDORARCH_EXP
4323 /* vendorarch is always relative to vendorlib on Windows for
4324 * DLL-based path intuition to work correctly */
4325 # if !defined(WIN32)
4326 incpush(PERL_VENDORARCH_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4330 #ifdef PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP
4332 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE); /* this picks up vendorarch as well */
4334 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4338 #ifdef PERL_VENDORLIB_STEM /* Search for version-specific dirs below here */
4339 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_STEM, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4342 #ifdef PERL_OTHERLIBDIRS
4343 incpush(PERL_OTHERLIBDIRS, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4347 incpush(".", FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4348 #endif /* MACOS_TRADITIONAL */
4351 #if defined(DOSISH) || defined(EPOC) || defined(SYMBIAN)
4352 # define PERLLIB_SEP ';'
4355 # define PERLLIB_SEP '|'
4357 # if defined(MACOS_TRADITIONAL)
4358 # define PERLLIB_SEP ','
4360 # define PERLLIB_SEP ':'
4364 #ifndef PERLLIB_MANGLE
4365 # define PERLLIB_MANGLE(s,n) (s)
4368 /* Push a directory onto @INC if it exists.
4369 Generate a new SV if we do this, to save needing to copy the SV we push
4372 S_incpush_if_exists(pTHX_ SV *dir)
4375 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX_const(dir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 &&
4376 S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode)) {
4377 av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), dir);
4384 S_incpush(pTHX_ const char *dir, bool addsubdirs, bool addoldvers, bool usesep,
4387 SV *subdir = Nullsv;
4388 const char *p = dir;
4393 if (addsubdirs || addoldvers) {
4394 subdir = NEWSV(0,0);
4397 /* Break at all separators */
4399 SV *libdir = NEWSV(55,0);
4402 /* skip any consecutive separators */
4404 while ( *p == PERLLIB_SEP ) {
4405 /* Uncomment the next line for PATH semantics */
4406 /* av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), newSVpvn(".", 1)); */
4411 if ( usesep && (s = strchr(p, PERLLIB_SEP)) != Nullch ) {
4412 sv_setpvn(libdir, PERLLIB_MANGLE(p, (STRLEN)(s - p)),
4417 sv_setpv(libdir, PERLLIB_MANGLE(p, 0));
4418 p = Nullch; /* break out */
4420 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4421 if (!strchr(SvPVX(libdir), ':')) {
4424 sv_setpv(libdir, MacPerl_CanonDir(SvPVX(libdir), buf, 0));
4426 if (SvPVX(libdir)[SvCUR(libdir)-1] != ':')
4427 sv_catpv(libdir, ":");
4430 /* Do the if() outside the #ifdef to avoid warnings about an unused
4433 #ifdef PERL_RELOCATABLE_INC
4435 * Relocatable include entries are marked with a leading .../
4438 * 0: Remove that leading ".../"
4439 * 1: Remove trailing executable name (anything after the last '/')
4440 * from the perl path to give a perl prefix
4442 * While the @INC element starts "../" and the prefix ends with a real
4443 * directory (ie not . or ..) chop that real directory off the prefix
4444 * and the leading "../" from the @INC element. ie a logical "../"
4446 * Finally concatenate the prefix and the remainder of the @INC element
4447 * The intent is that /usr/local/bin/perl and .../../lib/perl5
4448 * generates /usr/local/lib/perl5
4450 char *libpath = SvPVX(libdir);
4451 STRLEN libpath_len = SvCUR(libdir);
4452 if (libpath_len >= 4 && memEQ (libpath, ".../", 4)) {
4454 SV *caret_X = get_sv("\030", 0);
4455 /* Going to use the SV just as a scratch buffer holding a C
4461 /* $^X is *the* source of taint if tainting is on, hence
4462 SvPOK() won't be true. */
4464 assert(SvPOKp(caret_X));
4465 prefix_sv = newSVpvn(SvPVX(caret_X), SvCUR(caret_X));
4466 /* Firstly take off the leading .../
4467 If all else fail we'll do the paths relative to the current
4469 sv_chop(libdir, libpath + 4);
4470 /* Don't use SvPV as we're intentionally bypassing taining,
4471 mortal copies that the mg_get of tainting creates, and
4472 corruption that seems to come via the save stack.
4473 I guess that the save stack isn't correctly set up yet. */
4474 libpath = SvPVX(libdir);
4475 libpath_len = SvCUR(libdir);
4477 /* This would work more efficiently with memrchr, but as it's
4478 only a GNU extension we'd need to probe for it and
4479 implement our own. Not hard, but maybe not worth it? */
4481 prefix = SvPVX(prefix_sv);
4482 lastslash = strrchr(prefix, '/');
4484 /* First time in with the *lastslash = '\0' we just wipe off
4485 the trailing /perl from (say) /usr/foo/bin/perl
4489 while ((*lastslash = '\0'), /* Do that, come what may. */
4490 (libpath_len >= 3 && memEQ(libpath, "../", 3)
4491 && (lastslash = strrchr(prefix, '/')))) {
4492 if (lastslash[1] == '\0'
4493 || (lastslash[1] == '.'
4494 && (lastslash[2] == '/' /* ends "/." */
4495 || (lastslash[2] == '/'
4496 && lastslash[3] == '/' /* or "/.." */
4498 /* Prefix ends "/" or "/." or "/..", any of which
4499 are fishy, so don't do any more logical cleanup.
4503 /* Remove leading "../" from path */
4506 /* Next iteration round the loop removes the last
4507 directory name from prefix by writing a '\0' in
4508 the while clause. */
4510 /* prefix has been terminated with a '\0' to the correct
4511 length. libpath points somewhere into the libdir SV.
4512 We need to join the 2 with '/' and drop the result into
4514 tempsv = Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "%s/%s", prefix, libpath);
4515 SvREFCNT_dec(libdir);
4516 /* And this is the new libdir. */
4519 (PL_uid != PL_euid || PL_gid != PL_egid)) {
4520 /* Need to taint reloccated paths if running set ID */
4521 SvTAINTED_on(libdir);
4524 SvREFCNT_dec(prefix_sv);
4529 * BEFORE pushing libdir onto @INC we may first push version- and
4530 * archname-specific sub-directories.
4532 if (addsubdirs || addoldvers) {
4533 #ifdef PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST
4534 /* Configure terminates PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST with a NULL */
4535 const char *incverlist[] = { PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST };
4536 const char **incver;
4542 if ((unix = tounixspec_ts(SvPV(libdir,len),Nullch)) != Nullch) {
4544 while (unix[len-1] == '/') len--; /* Cosmetic */
4545 sv_usepvn(libdir,unix,len);
4548 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log,
4549 "Failed to unixify @INC element \"%s\"\n",
4553 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4554 #define PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT ""
4555 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT "%s:"
4556 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_FS_VER_FMT PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT
4558 #define PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT "/"
4559 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT "/%s"
4560 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT PERL_FS_VER_FMT
4562 /* .../version/archname if -d .../version/archname */
4563 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_ARCH_FMT,
4565 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
4566 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION, ARCHNAME);
4567 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
4569 /* .../version if -d .../version */
4570 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH, libdir,
4571 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
4572 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION);
4573 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
4575 /* .../archname if -d .../archname */
4576 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT, libdir, ARCHNAME);
4577 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
4581 #ifdef PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST
4583 for (incver = incverlist; *incver; incver++) {
4584 /* .../xxx if -d .../xxx */
4585 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT, libdir, *incver);
4586 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
4592 /* finally push this lib directory on the end of @INC */
4593 av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), libdir);
4596 assert (SvREFCNT(subdir) == 1);
4597 SvREFCNT_dec(subdir);
4601 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
4602 STATIC struct perl_thread *
4603 S_init_main_thread(pTHX)
4605 #if !defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
4606 struct perl_thread *thr;
4610 Newz(53, thr, 1, struct perl_thread);
4611 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
4612 thr->interp = PERL_GET_INTERP;
4613 thr->cvcache = newHV();
4614 thr->threadsv = newAV();
4615 /* thr->threadsvp is set when find_threadsv is called */
4616 thr->specific = newAV();
4617 thr->flags = THRf_R_JOINABLE;
4618 MUTEX_INIT(&thr->mutex);
4619 /* Handcraft thrsv similarly to mess_sv */
4620 New(53, PL_thrsv, 1, SV);
4621 Newz(53, xpv, 1, XPV);
4622 SvFLAGS(PL_thrsv) = SVt_PV;
4623 SvANY(PL_thrsv) = (void*)xpv;
4624 SvREFCNT(PL_thrsv) = 1 << 30; /* practically infinite */
4625 SvPV_set(PL_thrsvr, (char*)thr);
4626 SvCUR_set(PL_thrsv, sizeof(thr));
4627 SvLEN_set(PL_thrsv, sizeof(thr));
4628 *SvEND(PL_thrsv) = '\0'; /* in the trailing_nul field */
4629 thr->oursv = PL_thrsv;
4630 PL_chopset = " \n-";
4633 MUTEX_LOCK(&PL_threads_mutex);
4639 MUTEX_UNLOCK(&PL_threads_mutex);
4641 #ifdef HAVE_THREAD_INTERN
4642 Perl_init_thread_intern(thr);
4645 #ifdef SET_THREAD_SELF
4646 SET_THREAD_SELF(thr);
4648 thr->self = pthread_self();
4649 #endif /* SET_THREAD_SELF */
4653 * These must come after the thread self setting
4654 * because sv_setpvn does SvTAINT and the taint
4655 * fields thread selfness being set.
4657 PL_toptarget = NEWSV(0,0);
4658 sv_upgrade(PL_toptarget, SVt_PVFM);
4659 sv_setpvn(PL_toptarget, "", 0);
4660 PL_bodytarget = NEWSV(0,0);
4661 sv_upgrade(PL_bodytarget, SVt_PVFM);
4662 sv_setpvn(PL_bodytarget, "", 0);
4663 PL_formtarget = PL_bodytarget;
4664 thr->errsv = newSVpvn("", 0);
4665 (void) find_threadsv("@"); /* Ensure $@ is initialised early */
4668 PL_peepp = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_peep);
4669 PL_regcompp = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_pregcomp);
4670 PL_regexecp = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_regexec_flags);
4671 PL_regint_start = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_re_intuit_start);
4672 PL_regint_string = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_re_intuit_string);
4673 PL_regfree = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_pregfree);
4675 PL_reginterp_cnt = 0;
4679 #endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
4682 Perl_call_list(pTHX_ I32 oldscope, AV *paramList)
4686 const line_t oldline = CopLINE(PL_curcop);
4692 while (av_len(paramList) >= 0) {
4693 cv = (CV*)av_shift(paramList);
4695 if (paramList == PL_beginav) {
4696 /* save PL_beginav for compiler */
4697 if (! PL_beginav_save)
4698 PL_beginav_save = newAV();
4699 av_push(PL_beginav_save, (SV*)cv);
4701 else if (paramList == PL_checkav) {
4702 /* save PL_checkav for compiler */
4703 if (! PL_checkav_save)
4704 PL_checkav_save = newAV();
4705 av_push(PL_checkav_save, (SV*)cv);
4715 (void)SvPV_const(atsv, len);
4717 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
4718 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
4719 if (paramList == PL_beginav)
4720 sv_catpv(atsv, "BEGIN failed--compilation aborted");
4722 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ atsv,
4723 "%s failed--call queue aborted",
4724 paramList == PL_checkav ? "CHECK"
4725 : paramList == PL_initav ? "INIT"
4727 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
4730 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%"SVf"", atsv);
4737 /* my_exit() was called */
4738 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
4741 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
4742 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
4743 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
4745 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED)) {
4746 if (paramList == PL_beginav)
4747 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "BEGIN failed--compilation aborted");
4749 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s failed--call queue aborted",
4750 paramList == PL_checkav ? "CHECK"
4751 : paramList == PL_initav ? "INIT"
4758 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
4759 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
4762 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: restartop\n");
4771 S_call_list_body(pTHX_ CV *cv)
4773 PUSHMARK(PL_stack_sp);
4774 call_sv((SV*)cv, G_EVAL|G_DISCARD);
4779 Perl_my_exit(pTHX_ U32 status)
4781 DEBUG_S(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "my_exit: thread %p, status %lu\n",
4782 thr, (unsigned long) status));
4791 STATUS_NATIVE_SET(status);
4798 Perl_my_failure_exit(pTHX)
4801 if (vaxc$errno & 1) {
4802 if (STATUS_NATIVE & 1) /* fortuitiously includes "-1" */
4803 STATUS_NATIVE_SET(44);
4806 if (!vaxc$errno) /* unlikely */
4807 STATUS_NATIVE_SET(44);
4809 STATUS_NATIVE_SET(vaxc$errno);
4814 STATUS_UNIX_SET(errno);
4816 exitstatus = STATUS_UNIX >> 8;
4817 if (exitstatus & 255)
4818 STATUS_UNIX_SET(exitstatus);
4820 STATUS_UNIX_SET(255);
4827 S_my_exit_jump(pTHX)
4830 register PERL_CONTEXT *cx;
4835 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
4836 PL_e_script = Nullsv;
4839 POPSTACK_TO(PL_mainstack);
4840 if (cxstack_ix >= 0) {
4843 POPBLOCK(cx,PL_curpm);
4851 read_e_script(pTHX_ int idx, SV *buf_sv, int maxlen)
4857 p = SvPVX_const(PL_e_script);
4858 nl = strchr(p, '\n');
4859 nl = (nl) ? nl+1 : SvEND(PL_e_script);
4861 filter_del(read_e_script);
4864 sv_catpvn(buf_sv, p, nl-p);
4865 sv_chop(PL_e_script, nl);
4871 * c-indentation-style: bsd
4873 * indent-tabs-mode: t
4876 * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 noet: