3 * Copyright (C) 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
4 * 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * "A ship then new they built for him/of mithril and of elven glass" --Bilbo
15 /* This file contains the top-level functions that are used to create, use
16 * and destroy a perl interpreter, plus the functions used by XS code to
17 * call back into perl. Note that it does not contain the actual main()
18 * function of the interpreter; that can be found in perlmain.c
23 * Be proud that perl(1) may proclaim:
24 * Setuid Perl scripts are safer than C programs ...
25 * Do not abandon (deprecate) suidperl. Do not advocate C wrappers.
27 * The flow was: perl starts, notices script is suid, execs suidperl with same
28 * arguments; suidperl opens script, checks many things, sets itself with
29 * right UID, execs perl with similar arguments but with script pre-opened on
30 * /dev/fd/xxx; perl checks script is as should be and does work. This was
31 * insecure: see perlsec(1) for many problems with this approach.
33 * The "correct" flow should be: perl starts, opens script and notices it is
34 * suid, checks many things, execs suidperl with similar arguments but with
35 * script on /dev/fd/xxx; suidperl checks script and /dev/fd/xxx object are
36 * same, checks arguments match #! line, sets itself with right UID, execs
37 * perl with same arguments; perl checks many things and does work.
39 * (Opening the script in perl instead of suidperl, we "lose" scripts that
40 * are readable to the target UID but not to the invoker. Where did
41 * unreadable scripts work anyway?)
43 * For now, suidperl and perl are pretty much the same large and cumbersome
44 * program, so suidperl can check its argument list (see comments elsewhere).
47 * Original bug report:
48 * http://bugs.perl.org/index.html?req=bug_id&bug_id=20010322.218
49 * http://rt.perl.org/rt2/Ticket/Display.html?id=6511
50 * Comments and discussion with Debian:
51 * http://bugs.debian.org/203426
52 * http://bugs.debian.org/220486
53 * Debian Security Advisory DSA 431-1 (does not fully fix problem):
54 * http://www.debian.org/security/2004/dsa-431
56 * http://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CAN-2003-0618
57 * Previous versions of this patch sent to perl5-porters:
58 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg71953.html
59 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75245.html
60 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75563.html
61 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75635.html
63 Paul Szabo - psz@maths.usyd.edu.au http://www.maths.usyd.edu.au:8000/u/psz/
64 School of Mathematics and Statistics University of Sydney 2006 Australia
68 * Use truthful, neat, specific error messages.
69 * Cannot always hide the truth; security must not depend on doing so.
73 * Use global(?), thread-local fdscript for easier checks.
74 * (I do not understand how we could possibly get a thread race:
75 * do not all threads go through the same initialization? Or in
76 * fact, are not threads started only after we get the script and
77 * so know what to do? Oh well, make things super-safe...)
81 #define PERL_IN_PERL_C
83 #include "patchlevel.h" /* for local_patches */
87 char *nw_get_sitelib(const char *pl);
90 /* XXX If this causes problems, set i_unistd=undef in the hint file. */
107 #if !defined(STANDARD_C) && !defined(HAS_GETENV_PROTOTYPE) && !defined(PERL_MICRO)
108 char *getenv (char *); /* Usually in <stdlib.h> */
111 static I32 read_e_script(pTHX_ int idx, SV *buf_sv, int maxlen);
119 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
126 S_init_tls_and_interp(PerlInterpreter *my_perl)
130 PERL_SET_INTERP(my_perl);
131 #if defined(USE_ITHREADS)
134 PERL_SET_THX(my_perl);
136 MUTEX_INIT(&PL_dollarzero_mutex);
140 PERL_SET_THX(my_perl);
144 #ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
146 perl_alloc_using(struct IPerlMem* ipM, struct IPerlMem* ipMS,
147 struct IPerlMem* ipMP, struct IPerlEnv* ipE,
148 struct IPerlStdIO* ipStd, struct IPerlLIO* ipLIO,
149 struct IPerlDir* ipD, struct IPerlSock* ipS,
150 struct IPerlProc* ipP)
152 PerlInterpreter *my_perl;
153 /* New() needs interpreter, so call malloc() instead */
154 my_perl = (PerlInterpreter*)(*ipM->pMalloc)(ipM, sizeof(PerlInterpreter));
155 S_init_tls_and_interp(my_perl);
156 Zero(my_perl, 1, PerlInterpreter);
172 =head1 Embedding Functions
174 =for apidoc perl_alloc
176 Allocates a new Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
184 PerlInterpreter *my_perl;
186 /* New() needs interpreter, so call malloc() instead */
187 my_perl = (PerlInterpreter*)PerlMem_malloc(sizeof(PerlInterpreter));
189 S_init_tls_and_interp(my_perl);
190 return (PerlInterpreter *) ZeroD(my_perl, 1, PerlInterpreter);
192 #endif /* PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS */
195 =for apidoc perl_construct
197 Initializes a new Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
203 perl_construct(pTHXx)
208 PL_perl_destruct_level = 1;
210 if (PL_perl_destruct_level > 0)
213 /* Init the real globals (and main thread)? */
215 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling; /* needed by ckWARN, right away */
217 PL_linestr = NEWSV(65,79);
218 sv_upgrade(PL_linestr,SVt_PVIV);
220 if (!SvREADONLY(&PL_sv_undef)) {
221 /* set read-only and try to insure than we wont see REFCNT==0
224 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_undef);
225 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_undef) = (~(U32)0)/2;
227 sv_setpv(&PL_sv_no,PL_No);
228 /* value lookup in void context - happens to have the side effect
229 of caching the numeric forms. */
232 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_no);
233 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_no) = (~(U32)0)/2;
235 sv_setpv(&PL_sv_yes,PL_Yes);
238 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_yes);
239 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_yes) = (~(U32)0)/2;
241 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_placeholder);
242 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_placeholder) = (~(U32)0)/2;
245 PL_sighandlerp = Perl_sighandler;
246 PL_pidstatus = newHV();
249 PL_rs = newSVpvn("\n", 1);
254 PL_lex_state = LEX_NOTPARSING;
260 SET_NUMERIC_STANDARD();
262 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
263 PL_localpatches = local_patches; /* For possible -v */
266 #ifdef HAVE_INTERP_INTERN
270 PerlIO_init(aTHX); /* Hook to IO system */
272 PL_fdpid = newAV(); /* for remembering popen pids by fd */
273 PL_modglobal = newHV(); /* pointers to per-interpreter module globals */
274 PL_errors = newSVpvn("",0);
275 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(0), "", 0); /* For regex debugging. */
276 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(1), "", 0); /* ext/re needs these */
277 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(2), "", 0); /* even without DEBUGGING. */
279 PL_regex_padav = newAV();
280 av_push(PL_regex_padav,(SV*)newAV()); /* First entry is an array of empty elements */
281 PL_regex_pad = AvARRAY(PL_regex_padav);
283 #ifdef USE_REENTRANT_API
284 Perl_reentrant_init(aTHX);
287 /* Note that strtab is a rather special HV. Assumptions are made
288 about not iterating on it, and not adding tie magic to it.
289 It is properly deallocated in perl_destruct() */
292 HvSHAREKEYS_off(PL_strtab); /* mandatory */
293 hv_ksplit(PL_strtab, 512);
295 #if defined(__DYNAMIC__) && (defined(NeXT) || defined(__NeXT__))
296 _dyld_lookup_and_bind
297 ("__environ", (unsigned long *) &environ_pointer, NULL);
301 # ifdef USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY
302 PL_origenviron = environ;
306 /* Use sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK) if available, if not
307 * available or if the sysconf() fails, use the HZ.
308 * BeOS has those, but returns the wrong value.
309 * The HZ if not originally defined has been by now
310 * been defined as CLK_TCK, if available. */
311 #if defined(HAS_SYSCONF) && defined(_SC_CLK_TCK) && !defined(__BEOS__)
312 PL_clocktick = sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK);
313 if (PL_clocktick <= 0)
317 PL_stashcache = newHV();
319 PL_patchlevel = newSVpv(
320 Perl_form(aTHX_ "%d.%d.%d",
323 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION ), 0
327 if (!PL_mmap_page_size) {
328 #if defined(HAS_SYSCONF) && (defined(_SC_PAGESIZE) || defined(_SC_MMAP_PAGE_SIZE))
330 SETERRNO(0, SS_NORMAL);
332 PL_mmap_page_size = sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE);
334 PL_mmap_page_size = sysconf(_SC_MMAP_PAGE_SIZE);
336 if ((long) PL_mmap_page_size < 0) {
339 (void) SvUPGRADE(error, SVt_PV);
340 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: sysconf: %s", SvPV_nolen_const(error));
343 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: sysconf: pagesize unknown");
347 # ifdef HAS_GETPAGESIZE
348 PL_mmap_page_size = getpagesize();
350 # if defined(I_SYS_PARAM) && defined(PAGESIZE)
351 PL_mmap_page_size = PAGESIZE; /* compiletime, bad */
355 if (PL_mmap_page_size <= 0)
356 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: bad pagesize %" IVdf,
357 (IV) PL_mmap_page_size);
359 #endif /* HAS_MMAP */
361 #if defined(HAS_TIMES) && defined(PERL_NEED_TIMESBASE)
362 PL_timesbase.tms_utime = 0;
363 PL_timesbase.tms_stime = 0;
364 PL_timesbase.tms_cutime = 0;
365 PL_timesbase.tms_cstime = 0;
372 =for apidoc nothreadhook
374 Stub that provides thread hook for perl_destruct when there are
381 Perl_nothreadhook(pTHX)
387 =for apidoc perl_destruct
389 Shuts down a Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
398 volatile int destruct_level; /* 0=none, 1=full, 2=full with checks */
401 /* wait for all pseudo-forked children to finish */
402 PERL_WAIT_FOR_CHILDREN;
404 destruct_level = PL_perl_destruct_level;
408 if ((s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL"))) {
409 const int i = atoi(s);
410 if (destruct_level < i)
416 if (PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_DESTRUCT_END) {
421 if (PL_endav && !PL_minus_c)
422 call_list(PL_scopestack_ix, PL_endav);
428 /* Need to flush since END blocks can produce output */
431 if (CALL_FPTR(PL_threadhook)(aTHX)) {
432 /* Threads hook has vetoed further cleanup */
433 return STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
436 /* We must account for everything. */
438 /* Destroy the main CV and syntax tree */
440 /* ensure comppad/curpad to refer to main's pad */
441 if (CvPADLIST(PL_main_cv)) {
442 PAD_SET_CUR_NOSAVE(CvPADLIST(PL_main_cv), 1);
444 op_free(PL_main_root);
445 PL_main_root = Nullop;
447 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
448 PL_main_start = Nullop;
449 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_main_cv);
453 /* Tell PerlIO we are about to tear things apart in case
454 we have layers which are using resources that should
458 PerlIO_destruct(aTHX);
460 if (PL_sv_objcount) {
462 * Try to destruct global references. We do this first so that the
463 * destructors and destructees still exist. Some sv's might remain.
464 * Non-referenced objects are on their own.
470 /* unhook hooks which will soon be, or use, destroyed data */
471 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_warnhook);
472 PL_warnhook = Nullsv;
473 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_diehook);
476 /* call exit list functions */
477 while (PL_exitlistlen-- > 0)
478 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].fn(aTHX_ PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].ptr);
480 Safefree(PL_exitlist);
485 if (destruct_level == 0){
487 DEBUG_P(debprofdump());
489 #if defined(PERLIO_LAYERS)
490 /* No more IO - including error messages ! */
491 PerlIO_cleanup(aTHX);
494 /* The exit() function will do everything that needs doing. */
495 return STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
498 /* jettison our possibly duplicated environment */
499 /* if PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV is defined environ will not have been copied
500 * so we certainly shouldn't free it here
503 #if defined(USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY) && !defined(PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV)
504 if (environ != PL_origenviron && !PL_use_safe_putenv
506 /* only main thread can free environ[0] contents */
507 && PL_curinterp == aTHX
513 for (i = 0; environ[i]; i++)
514 safesysfree(environ[i]);
516 /* Must use safesysfree() when working with environ. */
517 safesysfree(environ);
519 environ = PL_origenviron;
522 #endif /* !PERL_MICRO */
524 /* reset so print() ends up where we expect */
528 /* the syntax tree is shared between clones
529 * so op_free(PL_main_root) only ReREFCNT_dec's
530 * REGEXPs in the parent interpreter
531 * we need to manually ReREFCNT_dec for the clones
534 I32 i = AvFILLp(PL_regex_padav) + 1;
535 SV **ary = AvARRAY(PL_regex_padav);
540 if (SvFLAGS(resv) & SVf_BREAK) {
541 /* this is PL_reg_curpm, already freed
542 * flag is set in regexec.c:S_regtry
544 SvFLAGS(resv) &= ~SVf_BREAK;
546 else if(SvREPADTMP(resv)) {
547 SvREPADTMP_off(resv);
549 else if(SvIOKp(resv)) {
550 REGEXP *re = INT2PTR(REGEXP *,SvIVX(resv));
555 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_regex_padav);
556 PL_regex_padav = Nullav;
560 SvREFCNT_dec((SV*) PL_stashcache);
561 PL_stashcache = NULL;
563 /* loosen bonds of global variables */
566 (void)PerlIO_close(PL_rsfp);
570 /* Filters for program text */
571 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rsfp_filters);
572 PL_rsfp_filters = Nullav;
575 PL_preprocess = FALSE;
581 PL_doswitches = FALSE;
582 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_OFF;
583 PL_doextract = FALSE;
584 PL_sawampersand = FALSE; /* must save all match strings */
587 Safefree(PL_inplace);
589 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_patchlevel);
592 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
593 PL_e_script = Nullsv;
598 /* magical thingies */
600 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ofs_sv); /* $, */
603 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ors_sv); /* $\ */
606 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rs); /* $/ */
609 PL_multiline = 0; /* $* */
610 Safefree(PL_osname); /* $^O */
613 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_statname);
614 PL_statname = Nullsv;
617 /* defgv, aka *_ should be taken care of elsewhere */
619 /* clean up after study() */
620 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_lastscream);
621 PL_lastscream = Nullsv;
622 Safefree(PL_screamfirst);
624 Safefree(PL_screamnext);
628 Safefree(PL_efloatbuf);
629 PL_efloatbuf = Nullch;
632 /* startup and shutdown function lists */
633 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_beginav);
634 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_beginav_save);
635 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_endav);
636 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_checkav);
637 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_checkav_save);
638 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_initav);
640 PL_beginav_save = Nullav;
643 PL_checkav_save = Nullav;
646 /* shortcuts just get cleared */
652 PL_argvoutgv = Nullgv;
654 PL_stderrgv = Nullgv;
655 PL_last_in_gv = Nullgv;
660 PL_DBsingle = Nullsv;
662 PL_DBsignal = Nullsv;
663 PL_DBassertion = Nullsv;
666 PL_debstash = Nullhv;
668 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_argvout_stack);
669 PL_argvout_stack = Nullav;
671 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_modglobal);
672 PL_modglobal = Nullhv;
673 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_preambleav);
674 PL_preambleav = Nullav;
675 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_subname);
677 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_linestr);
679 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_pidstatus);
680 PL_pidstatus = Nullhv;
681 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_toptarget);
682 PL_toptarget = Nullsv;
683 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_bodytarget);
684 PL_bodytarget = Nullsv;
685 PL_formtarget = Nullsv;
687 /* free locale stuff */
688 #ifdef USE_LOCALE_COLLATE
689 Safefree(PL_collation_name);
690 PL_collation_name = Nullch;
693 #ifdef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC
694 Safefree(PL_numeric_name);
695 PL_numeric_name = Nullch;
696 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_numeric_radix_sv);
697 PL_numeric_radix_sv = Nullsv;
700 /* clear utf8 character classes */
701 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alnum);
702 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alnumc);
703 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_ascii);
704 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alpha);
705 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_space);
706 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_cntrl);
707 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_graph);
708 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_digit);
709 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_upper);
710 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_lower);
711 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_print);
712 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_punct);
713 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_xdigit);
714 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_mark);
715 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_toupper);
716 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_totitle);
717 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_tolower);
718 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_tofold);
719 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_idstart);
720 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_idcont);
721 PL_utf8_alnum = Nullsv;
722 PL_utf8_alnumc = Nullsv;
723 PL_utf8_ascii = Nullsv;
724 PL_utf8_alpha = Nullsv;
725 PL_utf8_space = Nullsv;
726 PL_utf8_cntrl = Nullsv;
727 PL_utf8_graph = Nullsv;
728 PL_utf8_digit = Nullsv;
729 PL_utf8_upper = Nullsv;
730 PL_utf8_lower = Nullsv;
731 PL_utf8_print = Nullsv;
732 PL_utf8_punct = Nullsv;
733 PL_utf8_xdigit = Nullsv;
734 PL_utf8_mark = Nullsv;
735 PL_utf8_toupper = Nullsv;
736 PL_utf8_totitle = Nullsv;
737 PL_utf8_tolower = Nullsv;
738 PL_utf8_tofold = Nullsv;
739 PL_utf8_idstart = Nullsv;
740 PL_utf8_idcont = Nullsv;
742 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
743 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
744 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = Nullsv;
745 if (!specialCopIO(PL_compiling.cop_io))
746 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_io);
747 PL_compiling.cop_io = Nullsv;
748 CopFILE_free(&PL_compiling);
749 CopSTASH_free(&PL_compiling);
751 /* Prepare to destruct main symbol table. */
756 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_curstname);
757 PL_curstname = Nullsv;
759 /* clear queued errors */
760 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_errors);
764 if (destruct_level >= 2 && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL)) {
765 if (PL_scopestack_ix != 0)
766 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
767 "Unbalanced scopes: %ld more ENTERs than LEAVEs\n",
768 (long)PL_scopestack_ix);
769 if (PL_savestack_ix != 0)
770 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
771 "Unbalanced saves: %ld more saves than restores\n",
772 (long)PL_savestack_ix);
773 if (PL_tmps_floor != -1)
774 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Unbalanced tmps: %ld more allocs than frees\n",
775 (long)PL_tmps_floor + 1);
776 if (cxstack_ix != -1)
777 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Unbalanced context: %ld more PUSHes than POPs\n",
778 (long)cxstack_ix + 1);
781 /* Now absolutely destruct everything, somehow or other, loops or no. */
782 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) |= SVTYPEMASK; /* don't clean out pid table now */
783 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) |= SVTYPEMASK; /* don't clean out strtab now */
785 /* the 2 is for PL_fdpid and PL_strtab */
786 while (PL_sv_count > 2 && sv_clean_all())
789 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) &= ~SVTYPEMASK;
790 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) |= SVt_PVAV;
791 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) &= ~SVTYPEMASK;
792 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) |= SVt_PVHV;
794 AvREAL_off(PL_fdpid); /* no surviving entries */
795 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_fdpid); /* needed in io_close() */
798 #ifdef HAVE_INTERP_INTERN
802 /* Destruct the global string table. */
804 /* Yell and reset the HeVAL() slots that are still holding refcounts,
805 * so that sv_free() won't fail on them.
806 * Now that the global string table is using a single hunk of memory
807 * for both HE and HEK, we either need to explicitly unshare it the
808 * correct way, or actually free things here.
811 const I32 max = HvMAX(PL_strtab);
812 HE **array = HvARRAY(PL_strtab);
816 if (hent && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL)) {
817 HE *next = HeNEXT(hent);
818 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
819 "Unbalanced string table refcount: (%d) for \"%s\"",
820 HeVAL(hent) - Nullsv, HeKEY(hent));
832 HvARRAY(PL_strtab) = 0;
833 HvTOTALKEYS(PL_strtab) = 0;
834 HvFILL(PL_strtab) = 0;
836 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_strtab);
839 /* free the pointer tables used for cloning */
840 ptr_table_free(PL_ptr_table);
841 PL_ptr_table = (PTR_TBL_t*)NULL;
844 /* free special SVs */
846 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_yes) = 0;
847 sv_clear(&PL_sv_yes);
848 SvANY(&PL_sv_yes) = NULL;
849 SvFLAGS(&PL_sv_yes) = 0;
851 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_no) = 0;
853 SvANY(&PL_sv_no) = NULL;
854 SvFLAGS(&PL_sv_no) = 0;
858 for (i=0; i<=2; i++) {
859 SvREFCNT(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = 0;
860 sv_clear(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i));
861 SvANY(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = NULL;
862 SvFLAGS(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = 0;
866 if (PL_sv_count != 0 && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
867 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Scalars leaked: %ld\n", (long)PL_sv_count);
869 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS
870 if (PL_sv_count != 0) {
875 for (sva = PL_sv_arenaroot; sva; sva = (SV*)SvANY(sva)) {
876 svend = &sva[SvREFCNT(sva)];
877 for (sv = sva + 1; sv < svend; ++sv) {
878 if (SvTYPE(sv) != SVTYPEMASK) {
879 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "leaked: sv=0x%p"
881 " refcnt=%"UVuf pTHX__FORMAT "\n"
882 "\tallocated at %s:%d %s %s%s\n",
883 sv, sv->sv_flags, sv->sv_refcnt pTHX__VALUE,
884 sv->sv_debug_file ? sv->sv_debug_file : "(unknown)",
886 sv->sv_debug_inpad ? "for" : "by",
887 sv->sv_debug_optype ?
888 PL_op_name[sv->sv_debug_optype]: "(none)",
889 sv->sv_debug_cloned ? " (cloned)" : ""
899 #if defined(PERLIO_LAYERS)
900 /* No more IO - including error messages ! */
901 PerlIO_cleanup(aTHX);
904 /* sv_undef needs to stay immortal until after PerlIO_cleanup
905 as currently layers use it rather than Nullsv as a marker
906 for no arg - and will try and SvREFCNT_dec it.
908 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_undef) = 0;
909 SvREADONLY_off(&PL_sv_undef);
911 Safefree(PL_origfilename);
912 PL_origfilename = Nullch;
913 Safefree(PL_reg_start_tmp);
914 PL_reg_start_tmp = (char**)NULL;
915 PL_reg_start_tmpl = 0;
917 Safefree(PL_reg_curpm);
918 Safefree(PL_reg_poscache);
920 Safefree(PL_op_mask);
921 Safefree(PL_psig_ptr);
922 PL_psig_ptr = (SV**)NULL;
923 Safefree(PL_psig_name);
924 PL_psig_name = (SV**)NULL;
925 Safefree(PL_bitcount);
926 PL_bitcount = Nullch;
927 Safefree(PL_psig_pend);
928 PL_psig_pend = (int*)NULL;
929 PL_formfeed = Nullsv;
932 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
933 PL_hints = 0; /* Reset hints. Should hints be per-interpreter ? */
936 DEBUG_P(debprofdump());
938 #ifdef USE_REENTRANT_API
939 Perl_reentrant_free(aTHX);
944 /* As the absolutely last thing, free the non-arena SV for mess() */
947 /* we know that type == SVt_PVMG */
949 /* it could have accumulated taint magic */
952 for (mg = SvMAGIC(PL_mess_sv); mg; mg = moremagic) {
953 moremagic = mg->mg_moremagic;
954 if (mg->mg_ptr && mg->mg_type != PERL_MAGIC_regex_global
956 Safefree(mg->mg_ptr);
960 /* we know that type >= SVt_PV */
961 SvPV_free(PL_mess_sv);
962 Safefree(SvANY(PL_mess_sv));
963 Safefree(PL_mess_sv);
966 return STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
970 =for apidoc perl_free
972 Releases a Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
980 #if defined(WIN32) || defined(NETWARE)
981 # if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS)
983 void *host = nw_internal_host;
985 void *host = w32_internal_host;
989 nw_delete_internal_host(host);
991 win32_delete_internal_host(host);
1001 #if defined(USE_5005THREADS) || defined(USE_ITHREADS)
1002 /* provide destructors to clean up the thread key when libperl is unloaded */
1003 #ifndef WIN32 /* handled during DLL_PROCESS_DETACH in win32/perllib.c */
1005 #if defined(__hpux) && __ux_version > 1020 && !defined(__GNUC__)
1006 #pragma fini "perl_fini"
1010 #if defined(__GNUC__)
1011 __attribute__((destructor))
1021 #endif /* THREADS */
1024 Perl_call_atexit(pTHX_ ATEXIT_t fn, void *ptr)
1026 Renew(PL_exitlist, PL_exitlistlen+1, PerlExitListEntry);
1027 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].fn = fn;
1028 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].ptr = ptr;
1032 #ifdef HAS_PROCSELFEXE
1033 /* This is a function so that we don't hold on to MAXPATHLEN
1034 bytes of stack longer than necessary
1037 S_procself_val(pTHX_ SV *sv, const char *arg0)
1039 char buf[MAXPATHLEN];
1040 int len = readlink(PROCSELFEXE_PATH, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);
1042 /* On Playstation2 Linux V1.0 (kernel 2.2.1) readlink(/proc/self/exe)
1043 includes a spurious NUL which will cause $^X to fail in system
1044 or backticks (this will prevent extensions from being built and
1045 many tests from working). readlink is not meant to add a NUL.
1046 Normal readlink works fine.
1048 if (len > 0 && buf[len-1] == '\0') {
1052 /* FreeBSD's implementation is acknowledged to be imperfect, sometimes
1053 returning the text "unknown" from the readlink rather than the path
1054 to the executable (or returning an error from the readlink). Any valid
1055 path has a '/' in it somewhere, so use that to validate the result.
1056 See http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/query-pr.cgi?pr=35703
1058 if (len > 0 && memchr(buf, '/', len)) {
1059 sv_setpvn(sv,buf,len);
1065 #endif /* HAS_PROCSELFEXE */
1068 S_set_caret_X(pTHX) {
1069 GV* tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("\030",TRUE, SVt_PV); /* $^X */
1071 #ifdef HAS_PROCSELFEXE
1072 S_procself_val(aTHX_ GvSV(tmpgv), PL_origargv[0]);
1075 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv), os2_execname(aTHX));
1077 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv),PL_origargv[0]);
1084 =for apidoc perl_parse
1086 Tells a Perl interpreter to parse a Perl script. See L<perlembed>.
1092 perl_parse(pTHXx_ XSINIT_t xsinit, int argc, char **argv, char **env)
1099 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
1102 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "suidperl is no longer needed since the kernel can now execute\n\
1103 setuid perl scripts securely.\n");
1104 #endif /* IAMSUID */
1107 #if defined(USE_HASH_SEED) || defined(USE_HASH_SEED_EXPLICIT)
1108 /* [perl #22371] Algorimic Complexity Attack on Perl 5.6.1, 5.8.0
1109 * This MUST be done before any hash stores or fetches take place.
1110 * If you set PL_rehash_seed (and assumedly also PL_rehash_seed_set)
1111 * yourself, it is your responsibility to provide a good random seed!
1112 * You can also define PERL_HASH_SEED in compile time, see hv.h. */
1113 if (!PL_rehash_seed_set)
1114 PL_rehash_seed = get_hash_seed();
1116 char *s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_HASH_SEED_DEBUG");
1122 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "HASH_SEED = %"UVuf"\n",
1126 #endif /* #if defined(USE_HASH_SEED) || defined(USE_HASH_SEED_EXPLICIT) */
1132 /* Set PL_origalen be the sum of the contiguous argv[]
1133 * elements plus the size of the env in case that it is
1134 * contiguous with the argv[]. This is used in mg.c:Perl_magic_set()
1135 * as the maximum modifiable length of $0. In the worst case
1136 * the area we are able to modify is limited to the size of
1137 * the original argv[0]. (See below for 'contiguous', though.)
1139 const char *s = NULL;
1142 ~(UV)(PTRSIZE == 4 ? 3 : PTRSIZE == 8 ? 7 : PTRSIZE == 16 ? 15 : 0);
1143 /* Do the mask check only if the args seem like aligned. */
1145 (mask < ~(UV)0) && ((PTR2UV(argv[0]) & mask) == PTR2UV(argv[0]));
1147 /* See if all the arguments are contiguous in memory. Note
1148 * that 'contiguous' is a loose term because some platforms
1149 * align the argv[] and the envp[]. If the arguments look
1150 * like non-aligned, assume that they are 'strictly' or
1151 * 'traditionally' contiguous. If the arguments look like
1152 * aligned, we just check that they are within aligned
1153 * PTRSIZE bytes. As long as no system has something bizarre
1154 * like the argv[] interleaved with some other data, we are
1155 * fine. (Did I just evoke Murphy's Law?) --jhi */
1156 if (PL_origargv && PL_origargc >= 1 && (s = PL_origargv[0])) {
1158 for (i = 1; i < PL_origargc; i++) {
1159 if ((PL_origargv[i] == s + 1
1161 || PL_origargv[i] == s + 2
1166 (PL_origargv[i] > s &&
1168 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1178 /* Can we grab env area too to be used as the area for $0? */
1179 if (PL_origenviron) {
1180 if ((PL_origenviron[0] == s + 1
1182 || (PL_origenviron[0] == s + 9 && (s += 8))
1187 (PL_origenviron[0] > s &&
1188 PL_origenviron[0] <=
1189 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1193 s = PL_origenviron[0];
1196 my_setenv("NoNe SuCh", Nullch);
1197 /* Force copy of environment. */
1198 for (i = 1; PL_origenviron[i]; i++) {
1199 if (PL_origenviron[i] == s + 1
1202 (PL_origenviron[i] > s &&
1203 PL_origenviron[i] <=
1204 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1207 s = PL_origenviron[i];
1215 PL_origalen = s - PL_origargv[0] + 1;
1220 /* Come here if running an undumped a.out. */
1222 PL_origfilename = savepv(argv[0]);
1223 PL_do_undump = FALSE;
1224 cxstack_ix = -1; /* start label stack again */
1226 assert (!PL_tainted);
1228 S_set_caret_X(aTHX);
1230 init_postdump_symbols(argc,argv,env);
1235 op_free(PL_main_root);
1236 PL_main_root = Nullop;
1238 PL_main_start = Nullop;
1239 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_main_cv);
1240 PL_main_cv = Nullcv;
1243 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
1244 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_OFF;
1249 parse_body(env,xsinit);
1251 call_list(oldscope, PL_checkav);
1258 /* my_exit() was called */
1259 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
1262 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
1264 call_list(oldscope, PL_checkav);
1265 ret = STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
1268 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: top_env\n");
1277 S_parse_body(pTHX_ char **env, XSINIT_t xsinit)
1280 int argc = PL_origargc;
1281 char **argv = PL_origargv;
1282 const char *scriptname = NULL;
1283 VOL bool dosearch = FALSE;
1284 const char *validarg = "";
1287 const char *cddir = Nullch;
1288 #ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
1289 bool minus_f = FALSE;
1294 sv_setpvn(PL_linestr,"",0);
1295 sv = newSVpvn("",0); /* first used for -I flags */
1299 for (argc--,argv++; argc > 0; argc--,argv++) {
1300 if (argv[0][0] != '-' || !argv[0][1])
1304 validarg = " PHOOEY ";
1308 * Can we rely on the kernel to start scripts with argv[1] set to
1309 * contain all #! line switches (the whole line)? (argv[0] is set to
1310 * the interpreter name, argv[2] to the script name; argv[3] and
1311 * above may contain other arguments.)
1318 #ifndef PERL_STRICT_CR
1343 if ((s = moreswitches(s)))
1348 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('t');
1349 if( !PL_tainting ) {
1350 PL_taint_warn = TRUE;
1356 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('T');
1358 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
1363 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1364 /* ignore -e for Dev:Pseudo argument */
1365 if (argv[1] && !strcmp(argv[1], "Dev:Pseudo"))
1370 PL_e_script = newSVpvn("",0);
1371 filter_add(read_e_script, NULL);
1374 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, s);
1376 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, argv[1]);
1380 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No code specified for -e");
1381 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, "\n");
1385 #ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
1391 case 'I': /* -I handled both here and in moreswitches() */
1393 if (!*++s && (s=argv[1]) != Nullch) {
1398 STRLEN len = strlen(s);
1399 p = savepvn(s, len);
1400 incpush(p, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE, FALSE);
1401 sv_catpvn(sv, "-I", 2);
1402 sv_catpvn(sv, p, len);
1403 sv_catpvn(sv, " ", 1);
1407 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No directory specified for -I");
1411 PL_preprocess = TRUE;
1421 PL_preambleav = newAV();
1422 av_push(PL_preambleav, newSVpv("use Config qw(myconfig config_vars)",0));
1426 PL_Sv = newSVpv("print myconfig();",0);
1428 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"print \"\\nCharacteristics of this PERLSHR image: \\n\",");
1430 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"print \"\\nCharacteristics of this binary (from libperl): \\n\",");
1432 opts = SvCUR(PL_Sv);
1434 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"\" Compile-time options:");
1436 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," DEBUGGING");
1438 # ifdef MULTIPLICITY
1439 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," MULTIPLICITY");
1441 # ifdef USE_5005THREADS
1442 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_5005THREADS");
1444 # ifdef USE_ITHREADS
1445 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_ITHREADS");
1447 # ifdef USE_64_BIT_INT
1448 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_64_BIT_INT");
1450 # ifdef USE_64_BIT_ALL
1451 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_64_BIT_ALL");
1453 # ifdef USE_LONG_DOUBLE
1454 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_LONG_DOUBLE");
1456 # ifdef USE_LARGE_FILES
1457 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_LARGE_FILES");
1460 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_SOCKS");
1462 # ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
1463 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_SITECUSTOMIZE");
1465 # ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
1466 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT");
1468 # ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
1469 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS");
1472 while (SvCUR(PL_Sv) > opts+76) {
1473 /* find last space after "options: " and before col 76 */
1476 char *pv = SvPV_nolen(PL_Sv);
1477 const char c = pv[opts+76];
1479 space = strrchr(pv+opts+26, ' ');
1481 if (!space) break; /* "Can't happen" */
1483 /* break the line before that space */
1486 sv_insert(PL_Sv, opts, 0,
1490 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"\\n\",");
1492 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
1493 if (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT > 0) {
1495 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"\" Locally applied patches:\\n\",");
1496 for (i = 1; i <= LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT; i++) {
1497 if (PL_localpatches[i])
1498 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ PL_Sv,"q%c\t%s\n%c,",
1499 0, PL_localpatches[i], 0);
1503 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ PL_Sv,"\" Built under %s\\n\"",OSNAME);
1506 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ PL_Sv,",\" Compiled at %s %s\\n\"",__DATE__,__TIME__);
1508 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ PL_Sv,",\" Compiled on %s\\n\"",__DATE__);
1511 sv_catpv(PL_Sv, "; \
1513 @env = map { \"$_=\\\"$ENV{$_}\\\"\" } sort grep {/^PERL/} keys %ENV; ");
1516 push @env, \"CYGWIN=\\\"$ENV{CYGWIN}\\\"\";");
1519 print \" \\%ENV:\\n @env\\n\" if @env; \
1520 print \" \\@INC:\\n @INC\\n\";");
1523 PL_Sv = newSVpv("config_vars(qw(",0);
1524 sv_catpv(PL_Sv, ++s);
1525 sv_catpv(PL_Sv, "))");
1528 av_push(PL_preambleav, PL_Sv);
1529 scriptname = BIT_BUCKET; /* don't look for script or read stdin */
1532 PL_doextract = TRUE;
1540 if (!*++s || isSPACE(*s)) {
1544 /* catch use of gnu style long options */
1545 if (strEQ(s, "version")) {
1549 if (strEQ(s, "help")) {
1556 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Unrecognized switch: -%s (-h will show valid options)",s);
1562 #ifndef SECURE_INTERNAL_GETENV
1565 (s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL5OPT")))
1567 const char *popt = s;
1570 if (*s == '-' && *(s+1) == 'T') {
1571 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('T');
1573 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
1576 char *popt_copy = Nullch;
1589 if (!strchr("DIMUdmtwA", *s))
1590 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Illegal switch in PERL5OPT: -%c", *s);
1594 popt_copy = SvPVX(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(popt,0)));
1595 s = popt_copy + (s - popt);
1596 d = popt_copy + (d - popt);
1603 if( !PL_tainting ) {
1604 PL_taint_warn = TRUE;
1614 #ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
1617 PL_preambleav = newAV();
1618 av_unshift(PL_preambleav, 1);
1619 (void)av_store(PL_preambleav, 0, Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "BEGIN { do '%s/sitecustomize.pl' }", SITELIB_EXP));
1623 if (PL_taint_warn && PL_dowarn != G_WARN_ALL_OFF) {
1624 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = newSVpvn(WARN_TAINTstring, WARNsize);
1628 scriptname = argv[0];
1631 scriptname = BIT_BUCKET; /* don't look for script or read stdin */
1633 else if (scriptname == Nullch) {
1635 if ( PerlLIO_isatty(PerlIO_fileno(PerlIO_stdin())) )
1641 /* Set $^X early so that it can be used for relocatable paths in @INC */
1642 assert (!PL_tainted);
1644 S_set_caret_X(aTHX);
1648 open_script(scriptname,dosearch,sv);
1650 validate_suid(validarg, scriptname);
1653 #if defined(SIGCHLD) || defined(SIGCLD)
1656 # define SIGCHLD SIGCLD
1658 Sighandler_t sigstate = rsignal_state(SIGCHLD);
1659 if (sigstate == SIG_IGN) {
1660 if (ckWARN(WARN_SIGNAL))
1661 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_SIGNAL),
1662 "Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default");
1663 (void)rsignal(SIGCHLD, (Sighandler_t)SIG_DFL);
1669 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1670 if (PL_doextract || gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
1675 if (cddir && PerlDir_chdir( (char *)cddir ) < 0)
1676 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't chdir to %s",cddir);
1680 PL_main_cv = PL_compcv = (CV*)NEWSV(1104,0);
1681 sv_upgrade((SV *)PL_compcv, SVt_PVCV);
1682 CvUNIQUE_on(PL_compcv);
1684 CvPADLIST(PL_compcv) = pad_new(0);
1685 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
1686 CvOWNER(PL_compcv) = 0;
1687 New(666, CvMUTEXP(PL_compcv), 1, perl_mutex);
1688 MUTEX_INIT(CvMUTEXP(PL_compcv));
1689 #endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
1692 boot_core_UNIVERSAL();
1693 boot_core_xsutils();
1696 (*xsinit)(aTHX); /* in case linked C routines want magical variables */
1698 #if defined(VMS) || defined(WIN32) || defined(DJGPP) || defined(__CYGWIN__) || defined(EPOC)
1704 # ifdef HAS_SOCKS5_INIT
1705 socks5_init(argv[0]);
1711 init_predump_symbols();
1712 /* init_postdump_symbols not currently designed to be called */
1713 /* more than once (ENV isn't cleared first, for example) */
1714 /* But running with -u leaves %ENV & @ARGV undefined! XXX */
1716 init_postdump_symbols(argc,argv,env);
1718 /* PL_unicode is turned on by -C, or by $ENV{PERL_UNICODE},
1719 * or explicitly in some platforms.
1720 * locale.c:Perl_init_i18nl10n() if the environment
1721 * look like the user wants to use UTF-8. */
1722 #if defined(SYMBIAN)
1723 PL_unicode = PERL_UNICODE_STD_FLAG; /* See PERL_SYMBIAN_CONSOLE_UTF8. */
1726 /* Requires init_predump_symbols(). */
1727 if (!(PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_LOCALE_FLAG) || PL_utf8locale) {
1732 /* Turn on UTF-8-ness on STDIN, STDOUT, STDERR
1733 * and the default open disciplines. */
1734 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDIN_FLAG) &&
1735 PL_stdingv && (io = GvIO(PL_stdingv)) &&
1737 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
1738 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDOUT_FLAG) &&
1739 PL_defoutgv && (io = GvIO(PL_defoutgv)) &&
1741 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
1742 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDERR_FLAG) &&
1743 PL_stderrgv && (io = GvIO(PL_stderrgv)) &&
1745 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
1746 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_INOUT_FLAG) &&
1747 (sv = GvSV(gv_fetchpv("\017PEN", TRUE, SVt_PV)))) {
1748 U32 in = PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_IN_FLAG;
1749 U32 out = PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_OUT_FLAG;
1752 sv_setpvn(sv, ":utf8\0:utf8", 11);
1754 sv_setpvn(sv, ":utf8\0", 6);
1757 sv_setpvn(sv, "\0:utf8", 6);
1763 if ((s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_SIGNALS"))) {
1764 if (strEQ(s, "unsafe"))
1765 PL_signals |= PERL_SIGNALS_UNSAFE_FLAG;
1766 else if (strEQ(s, "safe"))
1767 PL_signals &= ~PERL_SIGNALS_UNSAFE_FLAG;
1769 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "PERL_SIGNALS illegal: \"%s\"", s);
1774 /* now parse the script */
1776 SETERRNO(0,SS_NORMAL);
1778 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1779 if (gMacPerl_SyntaxError = (yyparse() || PL_error_count)) {
1781 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s had compilation errors.\n", MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
1783 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Execution of %s aborted due to compilation errors.\n",
1784 MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
1788 if (yyparse() || PL_error_count) {
1790 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s had compilation errors.\n", PL_origfilename);
1792 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Execution of %s aborted due to compilation errors.\n",
1797 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, 0);
1798 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
1799 PL_preprocess = FALSE;
1801 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
1802 PL_e_script = Nullsv;
1809 SAVECOPFILE(PL_curcop);
1810 SAVECOPLINE(PL_curcop);
1811 gv_check(PL_defstash);
1818 if ((s=PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS")) && atoi(s) >= 2)
1819 dump_mstats("after compilation:");
1828 =for apidoc perl_run
1830 Tells a Perl interpreter to run. See L<perlembed>.
1842 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
1850 cxstack_ix = -1; /* start context stack again */
1852 case 0: /* normal completion */
1856 case 2: /* my_exit() */
1857 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
1860 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
1861 if (!(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_DESTRUCT_END) &&
1862 PL_endav && !PL_minus_c)
1863 call_list(oldscope, PL_endav);
1865 if (PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS"))
1866 dump_mstats("after execution: ");
1868 ret = STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
1872 POPSTACK_TO(PL_mainstack);
1875 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: restartop\n");
1887 S_run_body(pTHX_ I32 oldscope)
1889 DEBUG_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "%s $` $& $' support.\n",
1890 PL_sawampersand ? "Enabling" : "Omitting"));
1892 if (!PL_restartop) {
1893 DEBUG_x(dump_all());
1895 PERL_DEBUG(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "\nEXECUTING...\n\n"));
1896 DEBUG_S(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "main thread is 0x%"UVxf"\n",
1900 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1901 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "%s%s syntax OK\n",
1902 (gMacPerl_ErrorFormat ? "# " : ""),
1903 MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
1905 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "%s syntax OK\n", PL_origfilename);
1909 if (PERLDB_SINGLE && PL_DBsingle)
1910 sv_setiv(PL_DBsingle, 1);
1912 call_list(oldscope, PL_initav);
1918 PL_op = PL_restartop;
1922 else if (PL_main_start) {
1923 CvDEPTH(PL_main_cv) = 1;
1924 PL_op = PL_main_start;
1932 =head1 SV Manipulation Functions
1934 =for apidoc p||get_sv
1936 Returns the SV of the specified Perl scalar. If C<create> is set and the
1937 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
1938 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
1944 Perl_get_sv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
1947 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
1948 if (name[1] == '\0' && !isALPHA(name[0])) {
1949 PADOFFSET tmp = find_threadsv(name);
1950 if (tmp != NOT_IN_PAD)
1951 return THREADSV(tmp);
1953 #endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
1954 gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PV);
1961 =head1 Array Manipulation Functions
1963 =for apidoc p||get_av
1965 Returns the AV of the specified Perl array. If C<create> is set and the
1966 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
1967 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
1973 Perl_get_av(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
1975 GV* gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVAV);
1984 =head1 Hash Manipulation Functions
1986 =for apidoc p||get_hv
1988 Returns the HV of the specified Perl hash. If C<create> is set and the
1989 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
1990 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
1996 Perl_get_hv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
1998 GV* gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVHV);
2007 =head1 CV Manipulation Functions
2009 =for apidoc p||get_cv
2011 Returns the CV of the specified Perl subroutine. If C<create> is set and
2012 the Perl subroutine does not exist then it will be declared (which has the
2013 same effect as saying C<sub name;>). If C<create> is not set and the
2014 subroutine does not exist then NULL is returned.
2020 Perl_get_cv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
2022 GV* gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVCV);
2023 /* XXX unsafe for threads if eval_owner isn't held */
2024 /* XXX this is probably not what they think they're getting.
2025 * It has the same effect as "sub name;", i.e. just a forward
2027 if (create && !GvCVu(gv))
2028 return newSUB(start_subparse(FALSE, 0),
2029 newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSVpv(name,0)),
2037 /* Be sure to refetch the stack pointer after calling these routines. */
2041 =head1 Callback Functions
2043 =for apidoc p||call_argv
2045 Performs a callback to the specified Perl sub. See L<perlcall>.
2051 Perl_call_argv(pTHX_ const char *sub_name, I32 flags, register char **argv)
2053 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2054 /* null terminated arg list */
2061 XPUSHs(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(*argv,0)));
2066 return call_pv(sub_name, flags);
2070 =for apidoc p||call_pv
2072 Performs a callback to the specified Perl sub. See L<perlcall>.
2078 Perl_call_pv(pTHX_ const char *sub_name, I32 flags)
2079 /* name of the subroutine */
2080 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2082 return call_sv((SV*)get_cv(sub_name, TRUE), flags);
2086 =for apidoc p||call_method
2088 Performs a callback to the specified Perl method. The blessed object must
2089 be on the stack. See L<perlcall>.
2095 Perl_call_method(pTHX_ const char *methname, I32 flags)
2096 /* name of the subroutine */
2097 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2099 return call_sv(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(methname,0)), flags | G_METHOD);
2102 /* May be called with any of a CV, a GV, or an SV containing the name. */
2104 =for apidoc p||call_sv
2106 Performs a callback to the Perl sub whose name is in the SV. See
2113 Perl_call_sv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
2114 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2117 LOGOP myop; /* fake syntax tree node */
2120 volatile I32 retval = 0;
2122 bool oldcatch = CATCH_GET;
2127 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2132 Zero(&myop, 1, LOGOP);
2133 myop.op_next = Nullop;
2134 if (!(flags & G_NOARGS))
2135 myop.op_flags |= OPf_STACKED;
2136 myop.op_flags |= ((flags & G_VOID) ? OPf_WANT_VOID :
2137 (flags & G_ARRAY) ? OPf_WANT_LIST :
2142 EXTEND(PL_stack_sp, 1);
2143 *++PL_stack_sp = sv;
2145 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
2147 if (PERLDB_SUB && PL_curstash != PL_debstash
2148 /* Handle first BEGIN of -d. */
2149 && (PL_DBcv || (PL_DBcv = GvCV(PL_DBsub)))
2150 /* Try harder, since this may have been a sighandler, thus
2151 * curstash may be meaningless. */
2152 && (SvTYPE(sv) != SVt_PVCV || CvSTASH((CV*)sv) != PL_debstash)
2153 && !(flags & G_NODEBUG))
2154 PL_op->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_DB;
2156 if (flags & G_METHOD) {
2157 Zero(&method_op, 1, UNOP);
2158 method_op.op_next = PL_op;
2159 method_op.op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_METHOD];
2160 myop.op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_ENTERSUB];
2161 PL_op = (OP*)&method_op;
2164 if (!(flags & G_EVAL)) {
2166 call_body((OP*)&myop, FALSE);
2167 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2168 CATCH_SET(oldcatch);
2171 myop.op_other = (OP*)&myop;
2173 /* we're trying to emulate pp_entertry() here */
2175 register PERL_CONTEXT *cx;
2176 const I32 gimme = GIMME_V;
2181 PUSHBLOCK(cx, (CXt_EVAL|CXp_TRYBLOCK), PL_stack_sp);
2183 PL_eval_root = PL_op; /* Only needed so that goto works right. */
2185 PL_in_eval = EVAL_INEVAL;
2186 if (flags & G_KEEPERR)
2187 PL_in_eval |= EVAL_KEEPERR;
2189 sv_setpvn(ERRSV,"",0);
2197 call_body((OP*)&myop, FALSE);
2198 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2199 if (!(flags & G_KEEPERR))
2200 sv_setpvn(ERRSV,"",0);
2206 /* my_exit() was called */
2207 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2210 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED))
2211 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Callback called exit");
2216 PL_op = PL_restartop;
2220 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2221 if (flags & G_ARRAY)
2225 *++PL_stack_sp = &PL_sv_undef;
2230 if (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope) {
2234 register PERL_CONTEXT *cx;
2245 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2246 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2256 S_call_body(pTHX_ const OP *myop, bool is_eval)
2258 if (PL_op == myop) {
2260 PL_op = Perl_pp_entereval(aTHX); /* this doesn't do a POPMARK */
2262 PL_op = Perl_pp_entersub(aTHX); /* this does */
2268 /* Eval a string. The G_EVAL flag is always assumed. */
2271 =for apidoc p||eval_sv
2273 Tells Perl to C<eval> the string in the SV.
2279 Perl_eval_sv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
2281 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2284 UNOP myop; /* fake syntax tree node */
2285 volatile I32 oldmark = SP - PL_stack_base;
2286 volatile I32 retval = 0;
2291 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2298 Zero(PL_op, 1, UNOP);
2299 EXTEND(PL_stack_sp, 1);
2300 *++PL_stack_sp = sv;
2302 if (!(flags & G_NOARGS))
2303 myop.op_flags = OPf_STACKED;
2304 myop.op_next = Nullop;
2305 myop.op_type = OP_ENTEREVAL;
2306 myop.op_flags |= ((flags & G_VOID) ? OPf_WANT_VOID :
2307 (flags & G_ARRAY) ? OPf_WANT_LIST :
2309 if (flags & G_KEEPERR)
2310 myop.op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL;
2312 /* fail now; otherwise we could fail after the JMPENV_PUSH but
2313 * before a PUSHEVAL, which corrupts the stack after a croak */
2314 TAINT_PROPER("eval_sv()");
2320 call_body((OP*)&myop,TRUE);
2321 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2322 if (!(flags & G_KEEPERR))
2323 sv_setpvn(ERRSV,"",0);
2329 /* my_exit() was called */
2330 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2333 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED))
2334 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Callback called exit");
2339 PL_op = PL_restartop;
2343 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2344 if (flags & G_ARRAY)
2348 *++PL_stack_sp = &PL_sv_undef;
2354 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2355 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2365 =for apidoc p||eval_pv
2367 Tells Perl to C<eval> the given string and return an SV* result.
2373 Perl_eval_pv(pTHX_ const char *p, I32 croak_on_error)
2376 SV* sv = newSVpv(p, 0);
2378 eval_sv(sv, G_SCALAR);
2385 if (croak_on_error && SvTRUE(ERRSV)) {
2386 Perl_croak(aTHX_ SvPVx_nolen_const(ERRSV));
2392 /* Require a module. */
2395 =head1 Embedding Functions
2397 =for apidoc p||require_pv
2399 Tells Perl to C<require> the file named by the string argument. It is
2400 analogous to the Perl code C<eval "require '$file'">. It's even
2401 implemented that way; consider using load_module instead.
2406 Perl_require_pv(pTHX_ const char *pv)
2410 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_REQUIRE);
2412 sv = sv_newmortal();
2413 sv_setpv(sv, "require '");
2416 eval_sv(sv, G_DISCARD);
2422 Perl_magicname(pTHX_ const char *sym, const char *name, I32 namlen)
2426 if ((gv = gv_fetchpv(sym,TRUE, SVt_PV)))
2427 sv_magic(GvSV(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, namlen);
2431 S_usage(pTHX_ const char *name) /* XXX move this out into a module ? */
2433 /* This message really ought to be max 23 lines.
2434 * Removed -h because the user already knows that option. Others? */
2436 static const char * const usage_msg[] = {
2437 "-0[octal] specify record separator (\\0, if no argument)",
2438 "-A[mod][=pattern] activate all/given assertions",
2439 "-a autosplit mode with -n or -p (splits $_ into @F)",
2440 "-C[number/list] enables the listed Unicode features",
2441 "-c check syntax only (runs BEGIN and CHECK blocks)",
2442 "-d[:debugger] run program under debugger",
2443 "-D[number/list] set debugging flags (argument is a bit mask or alphabets)",
2444 "-e program one line of program (several -e's allowed, omit programfile)",
2445 "-f don't do $sitelib/sitecustomize.pl at startup",
2446 "-F/pattern/ split() pattern for -a switch (//'s are optional)",
2447 "-i[extension] edit <> files in place (makes backup if extension supplied)",
2448 "-Idirectory specify @INC/#include directory (several -I's allowed)",
2449 "-l[octal] enable line ending processing, specifies line terminator",
2450 "-[mM][-]module execute \"use/no module...\" before executing program",
2451 "-n assume \"while (<>) { ... }\" loop around program",
2452 "-p assume loop like -n but print line also, like sed",
2453 "-P run program through C preprocessor before compilation",
2454 "-s enable rudimentary parsing for switches after programfile",
2455 "-S look for programfile using PATH environment variable",
2456 "-t enable tainting warnings",
2457 "-T enable tainting checks",
2458 "-u dump core after parsing program",
2459 "-U allow unsafe operations",
2460 "-v print version, subversion (includes VERY IMPORTANT perl info)",
2461 "-V[:variable] print configuration summary (or a single Config.pm variable)",
2462 "-w enable many useful warnings (RECOMMENDED)",
2463 "-W enable all warnings",
2464 "-x[directory] strip off text before #!perl line and perhaps cd to directory",
2465 "-X disable all warnings",
2469 const char * const *p = usage_msg;
2471 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2472 "\nUsage: %s [switches] [--] [programfile] [arguments]",
2475 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(), "\n %s", *p++);
2478 /* convert a string of -D options (or digits) into an int.
2479 * sets *s to point to the char after the options */
2483 Perl_get_debug_opts(pTHX_ const char **s, bool givehelp)
2485 static const char * const usage_msgd[] = {
2486 " Debugging flag values: (see also -d)",
2487 " p Tokenizing and parsing (with v, displays parse stack)",
2488 " s Stack snapshots (with v, displays all stacks)",
2489 " l Context (loop) stack processing",
2490 " t Trace execution",
2491 " o Method and overloading resolution",
2492 " c String/numeric conversions",
2493 " P Print profiling info, preprocessor command for -P, source file input state",
2494 " m Memory allocation",
2495 " f Format processing",
2496 " r Regular expression parsing and execution",
2497 " x Syntax tree dump",
2498 " u Tainting checks",
2499 " H Hash dump -- usurps values()",
2500 " X Scratchpad allocation",
2502 " S Thread synchronization",
2504 " R Include reference counts of dumped variables (eg when using -Ds)",
2505 " J Do not s,t,P-debug (Jump over) opcodes within package DB",
2506 " v Verbose: use in conjunction with other flags",
2508 " A Consistency checks on internal structures",
2509 " q quiet - currently only suppresses the 'EXECUTING' message",
2514 /* if adding extra options, remember to update DEBUG_MASK */
2515 static const char debopts[] = "psltocPmfrxu HXDSTRJvCAq";
2517 for (; isALNUM(**s); (*s)++) {
2518 const char *d = strchr(debopts,**s);
2520 i |= 1 << (d - debopts);
2521 else if (ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
2522 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
2523 "invalid option -D%c, use -D'' to see choices\n", **s);
2526 else if (isDIGIT(**s)) {
2528 for (; isALNUM(**s); (*s)++) ;
2530 else if (givehelp) {
2531 char **p = (char **)usage_msgd;
2532 while (*p) PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(), "%s\n", *p++);
2535 if ((i & DEBUG_p_FLAG) && ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
2536 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
2537 "-Dp not implemented on this platform\n");
2543 /* This routine handles any switches that can be given during run */
2546 Perl_moreswitches(pTHX_ char *s)
2557 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rs);
2558 if (s[1] == 'x' && s[2]) {
2559 const char *e = s+=2;
2565 flags = PERL_SCAN_SILENT_ILLDIGIT;
2566 rschar = (U32)grok_hex(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
2567 if (s + numlen < e) {
2568 rschar = 0; /* Grandfather -0xFOO as -0 -xFOO. */
2572 PL_rs = newSVpvn("", 0);
2573 SvGROW(PL_rs, (STRLEN)(UNISKIP(rschar) + 1));
2574 tmps = (U8*)SvPVX(PL_rs);
2575 uvchr_to_utf8(tmps, rschar);
2576 SvCUR_set(PL_rs, UNISKIP(rschar));
2581 rschar = (U32)grok_oct(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
2582 if (rschar & ~((U8)~0))
2583 PL_rs = &PL_sv_undef;
2584 else if (!rschar && numlen >= 2)
2585 PL_rs = newSVpvn("", 0);
2587 char ch = (char)rschar;
2588 PL_rs = newSVpvn(&ch, 1);
2591 sv_setsv(get_sv("/", TRUE), PL_rs);
2596 PL_unicode = parse_unicode_opts( (const char **)&s );
2601 while (*s && !isSPACE(*s)) ++s;
2603 PL_splitstr = savepv(PL_splitstr);
2617 /* -dt indicates to the debugger that threads will be used */
2618 if (*s == 't' && !isALNUM(s[1])) {
2620 my_setenv("PERL5DB_THREADED", "1");
2623 /* The following permits -d:Mod to accepts arguments following an =
2624 in the fashion that -MSome::Mod does. */
2625 if (*s == ':' || *s == '=') {
2628 sv = newSVpv("use Devel::", 0);
2630 /* We now allow -d:Module=Foo,Bar */
2631 while(isALNUM(*s) || *s==':') ++s;
2633 sv_catpv(sv, start);
2635 sv_catpvn(sv, start, s-start);
2636 sv_catpv(sv, " split(/,/,q{");
2641 my_setenv("PERL5DB", SvPV(sv, PL_na));
2644 PL_perldb = PERLDB_ALL;
2653 PL_debug = get_debug_opts( (const char **)&s, 1) | DEBUG_TOP_FLAG;
2654 #else /* !DEBUGGING */
2655 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
2656 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
2657 "Recompile perl with -DDEBUGGING to use -D switch (did you mean -d ?)\n");
2658 for (s++; isALNUM(*s); s++) ;
2663 usage(PL_origargv[0]);
2667 Safefree(PL_inplace);
2668 #if defined(__CYGWIN__) /* do backup extension automagically */
2669 if (*(s+1) == '\0') {
2670 PL_inplace = savepv(".bak");
2673 #endif /* __CYGWIN__ */
2674 PL_inplace = savepv(s+1);
2675 for (s = PL_inplace; *s && !isSPACE(*s); s++)
2679 if (*s == '-') /* Additional switches on #! line. */
2683 case 'I': /* -I handled both here and in parse_body() */
2686 while (*s && isSPACE(*s))
2691 /* ignore trailing spaces (possibly followed by other switches) */
2693 for (e = p; *e && !isSPACE(*e); e++) ;
2697 } while (*p && *p != '-');
2698 e = savepvn(s, e-s);
2699 incpush(e, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE, FALSE);
2706 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No directory specified for -I");
2712 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ors_sv);
2718 PL_ors_sv = newSVpvn("\n",1);
2719 numlen = 3 + (*s == '0');
2720 *SvPVX(PL_ors_sv) = (char)grok_oct(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
2724 if (RsPARA(PL_rs)) {
2725 PL_ors_sv = newSVpvn("\n\n",2);
2728 PL_ors_sv = newSVsv(PL_rs);
2735 PL_preambleav = newAV();
2739 SV *sv = newSVpv("use assertions::activate", 24);
2740 while(isALNUM(*s) || *s == ':') ++s;
2742 sv_catpvn(sv, "::", 2);
2743 sv_catpvn(sv, start, s-start);
2746 sv_catpvn(sv, " split(/,/,q\0", 13);
2748 sv_catpvn(sv, "\0)", 2);
2751 else if (*s != '\0') {
2752 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use '%c' after -A%.*s", *s, s-start, start);
2754 av_push(PL_preambleav, sv);
2758 forbid_setid("-M"); /* XXX ? */
2761 forbid_setid("-m"); /* XXX ? */
2765 const char *use = "use ";
2766 /* -M-foo == 'no foo' */
2767 if (*s == '-') { use = "no "; ++s; }
2768 sv = newSVpv(use,0);
2770 /* We allow -M'Module qw(Foo Bar)' */
2771 while(isALNUM(*s) || *s==':') ++s;
2773 sv_catpv(sv, start);
2774 if (*(start-1) == 'm') {
2776 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use '%c' after -mname", *s);
2777 sv_catpv( sv, " ()");
2781 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Module name required with -%c option",
2783 sv_catpvn(sv, start, s-start);
2784 sv_catpv(sv, " split(/,/,q");
2785 sv_catpvn(sv, "\0)", 1); /* Use NUL as q//-delimiter. */
2787 sv_catpvn(sv, "\0)", 2);
2791 PL_preambleav = newAV();
2792 av_push(PL_preambleav, sv);
2795 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Missing argument to -%c", *(s-1));
2807 PL_doswitches = TRUE;
2821 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2822 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Believe me, you don't want to use \"-u\" on a Macintosh");
2824 PL_do_undump = TRUE;
2832 if (!sv_derived_from(PL_patchlevel, "version"))
2833 (void *)upg_version(PL_patchlevel);
2835 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2836 Perl_form(aTHX_ "\nThis is perl, %"SVf" built for %s",
2837 vstringify(PL_patchlevel),
2840 /* Adjust verbose output as in the perl that ships with the DG/UX OS from EMC */
2841 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2842 Perl_form(aTHX_ "\nThis is perl, %"SVf"\n",
2843 vstringify(PL_patchlevel)));
2844 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2845 Perl_form(aTHX_ " built under %s at %s %s\n",
2846 OSNAME, __DATE__, __TIME__));
2847 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2848 Perl_form(aTHX_ " OS Specific Release: %s\n",
2852 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
2853 if (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT > 0)
2854 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2855 "\n(with %d registered patch%s, "
2856 "see perl -V for more detail)",
2857 (int)LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT,
2858 (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT!=1) ? "es" : "");
2861 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2862 "\n\nCopyright 1987-2005, Larry Wall\n");
2863 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2864 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2865 "\nMac OS port Copyright 1991-2002, Matthias Neeracher;\n"
2866 "maintained by Chris Nandor\n");
2869 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2870 "\nMS-DOS port Copyright (c) 1989, 1990, Diomidis Spinellis\n");
2873 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2874 "djgpp v2 port (jpl5003c) by Hirofumi Watanabe, 1996\n"
2875 "djgpp v2 port (perl5004+) by Laszlo Molnar, 1997-1999\n");
2878 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2879 "\n\nOS/2 port Copyright (c) 1990, 1991, Raymond Chen, Kai Uwe Rommel\n"
2880 "Version 5 port Copyright (c) 1994-2002, Andreas Kaiser, Ilya Zakharevich\n");
2883 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2884 "atariST series port, ++jrb bammi@cadence.com\n");
2887 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2888 "BeOS port Copyright Tom Spindler, 1997-1999\n");
2891 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2892 "MPE/iX port Copyright by Mark Klein and Mark Bixby, 1996-2003\n");
2895 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2896 "MVS (OS390) port by Mortice Kern Systems, 1997-1999\n");
2899 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2900 "Stratus VOS port by Paul.Green@stratus.com, 1997-2002\n");
2903 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2904 "VM/ESA port by Neale Ferguson, 1998-1999\n");
2907 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2908 "BS2000 (POSIX) port by Start Amadeus GmbH, 1998-1999\n");
2911 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2912 "MiNT port by Guido Flohr, 1997-1999\n");
2915 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2916 "EPOC port by Olaf Flebbe, 1999-2002\n");
2919 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),"WINCE port by Rainer Keuchel, 2001-2002\n");
2920 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),"Built on " __DATE__ " " __TIME__ "\n\n");
2924 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2925 "Symbian port by Nokia, 2004-2005\n");
2927 #ifdef BINARY_BUILD_NOTICE
2928 BINARY_BUILD_NOTICE;
2930 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2932 Perl may be copied only under the terms of either the Artistic License or the\n\
2933 GNU General Public License, which may be found in the Perl 5 source kit.\n\n\
2934 Complete documentation for Perl, including FAQ lists, should be found on\n\
2935 this system using \"man perl\" or \"perldoc perl\". If you have access to the\n\
2936 Internet, point your browser at http://www.perl.org/, the Perl Home Page.\n\n");
2939 if (! (PL_dowarn & G_WARN_ALL_MASK))
2940 PL_dowarn |= G_WARN_ON;
2944 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_ALL_ON|G_WARN_ON;
2945 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
2946 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
2947 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = pWARN_ALL ;
2951 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_ALL_OFF;
2952 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
2953 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
2954 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = pWARN_NONE ;
2959 if (s[1] == '-') /* Additional switches on #! line. */
2964 #if defined(WIN32) || !defined(PERL_STRICT_CR)
2970 #ifdef ALTERNATE_SHEBANG
2971 case 'S': /* OS/2 needs -S on "extproc" line. */
2979 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't emulate -%.1s on #! line",s);
2984 /* compliments of Tom Christiansen */
2986 /* unexec() can be found in the Gnu emacs distribution */
2987 /* Known to work with -DUNEXEC and using unexelf.c from GNU emacs-20.2 */
2990 Perl_my_unexec(pTHX)
2998 prog = newSVpv(BIN_EXP, 0);
2999 sv_catpv(prog, "/perl");
3000 file = newSVpv(PL_origfilename, 0);
3001 sv_catpv(file, ".perldump");
3003 unexec(SvPVX(file), SvPVX(prog), &etext, sbrk(0), 0);
3004 /* unexec prints msg to stderr in case of failure */
3005 PerlProc_exit(status);
3008 # include <lib$routines.h>
3009 lib$signal(SS$_DEBUG); /* ssdef.h #included from vmsish.h */
3011 ABORT(); /* for use with undump */
3016 /* initialize curinterp */
3022 # define PERLVAR(var,type)
3023 # define PERLVARA(var,n,type)
3024 # if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
3025 # if defined(USE_5005THREADS)
3026 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
3027 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
3028 # else /* !USE_5005THREADS */
3029 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) aTHX->var = init;
3030 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) aTHX->var = init;
3031 # endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
3033 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
3034 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
3036 # include "intrpvar.h"
3037 # ifndef USE_5005THREADS
3038 # include "thrdvar.h"
3045 # define PERLVAR(var,type)
3046 # define PERLVARA(var,n,type)
3047 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PL_##var = init;
3048 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PL_##var = init;
3049 # include "intrpvar.h"
3050 # ifndef USE_5005THREADS
3051 # include "thrdvar.h"
3062 S_init_main_stash(pTHX)
3066 PL_curstash = PL_defstash = newHV();
3067 PL_curstname = newSVpvn("main",4);
3068 gv = gv_fetchpv("main::",TRUE, SVt_PVHV);
3069 SvREFCNT_dec(GvHV(gv));
3070 GvHV(gv) = (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(PL_defstash);
3072 Perl_hv_name_set(aTHX_ PL_defstash, "main", 4, 0);
3073 PL_incgv = gv_HVadd(gv_AVadd(gv_fetchpv("INC",TRUE, SVt_PVAV)));
3074 GvMULTI_on(PL_incgv);
3075 PL_hintgv = gv_fetchpv("\010",TRUE, SVt_PV); /* ^H */
3076 GvMULTI_on(PL_hintgv);
3077 PL_defgv = gv_fetchpv("_",TRUE, SVt_PVAV);
3078 PL_errgv = gv_HVadd(gv_fetchpv("@", TRUE, SVt_PV));
3079 GvMULTI_on(PL_errgv);
3080 PL_replgv = gv_fetchpv("\022", TRUE, SVt_PV); /* ^R */
3081 GvMULTI_on(PL_replgv);
3082 (void)Perl_form(aTHX_ "%240s",""); /* Preallocate temp - for immediate signals. */
3083 sv_grow(ERRSV, 240); /* Preallocate - for immediate signals. */
3084 sv_setpvn(ERRSV, "", 0);
3085 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
3086 CopSTASH_set(&PL_compiling, PL_defstash);
3087 PL_debstash = GvHV(gv_fetchpv("DB::", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
3088 PL_globalstash = GvHV(gv_fetchpv("CORE::GLOBAL::", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
3089 /* We must init $/ before switches are processed. */
3090 sv_setpvn(get_sv("/", TRUE), "\n", 1);
3093 /* PSz 18 Nov 03 fdscript now global but do not change prototype */
3095 S_open_script(pTHX_ const char *scriptname, bool dosearch, SV *sv)
3100 const char *cpp_discard_flag;
3109 PL_origfilename = savepvn("-e", 2);
3112 /* if find_script() returns, it returns a malloc()-ed value */
3113 scriptname = PL_origfilename = find_script(scriptname, dosearch, NULL, 1);
3115 if (strnEQ(scriptname, "/dev/fd/", 8) && isDIGIT(scriptname[8]) ) {
3116 const char *s = scriptname + 8;
3117 PL_fdscript = atoi(s);
3122 * Tell apart "normal" usage of fdscript, e.g.
3123 * with bash on FreeBSD:
3124 * perl <( echo '#!perl -DA'; echo 'print "$0\n"')
3125 * from usage in suidperl.
3126 * Does any "normal" usage leave garbage after the number???
3127 * Is it a mistake to use a similar /dev/fd/ construct for
3132 * Be supersafe and do some sanity-checks.
3133 * Still, can we be sure we got the right thing?
3136 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Wrong syntax (suid) fd script name \"%s\"\n", s);
3139 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Missing (suid) fd script name\n");
3141 scriptname = savepv(s + 1);
3142 Safefree(PL_origfilename);
3143 PL_origfilename = (char *)scriptname;
3148 CopFILE_free(PL_curcop);
3149 CopFILE_set(PL_curcop, PL_origfilename);
3150 if (*PL_origfilename == '-' && PL_origfilename[1] == '\0')
3151 scriptname = (char *)"";
3152 if (PL_fdscript >= 0) {
3153 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_fdopen(PL_fdscript,PERL_SCRIPT_MODE);
3154 # if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3156 /* ensure close-on-exec */
3157 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,1);
3162 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "sperl needs fd script\n"
3163 "You should not call sperl directly; do you need to "
3164 "change a #! line\nfrom sperl to perl?\n");
3167 * Do not open (or do other fancy stuff) while setuid.
3168 * Perl does the open, and hands script to suidperl on a fd;
3169 * suidperl only does some checks, sets up UIDs and re-execs
3170 * perl with that fd as it has always done.
3173 if (PL_suidscript != 1) {
3174 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "suidperl needs (suid) fd script\n");
3177 else if (PL_preprocess) {
3178 const char *cpp_cfg = CPPSTDIN;
3179 SV *cpp = newSVpvn("",0);
3180 SV *cmd = NEWSV(0,0);
3182 if (cpp_cfg[0] == 0) /* PERL_MICRO? */
3183 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't run with cpp -P with CPPSTDIN undefined");
3184 if (strEQ(cpp_cfg, "cppstdin"))
3185 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ cpp, "%s/", BIN_EXP);
3186 sv_catpv(cpp, cpp_cfg);
3189 sv_catpvn(sv, "-I", 2);
3190 sv_catpv(sv,PRIVLIB_EXP);
3193 DEBUG_P(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3194 "PL_preprocess: scriptname=\"%s\", cpp=\"%s\", sv=\"%s\", CPPMINUS=\"%s\"\n",
3195 scriptname, SvPVX_const (cpp), SvPVX_const (sv),
3198 # if defined(MSDOS) || defined(WIN32) || defined(VMS)
3205 cpp_discard_flag = "";
3207 cpp_discard_flag = "-C";
3211 perl = os2_execname(aTHX);
3213 perl = PL_origargv[0];
3217 /* This strips off Perl comments which might interfere with
3218 the C pre-processor, including #!. #line directives are
3219 deliberately stripped to avoid confusion with Perl's version
3220 of #line. FWP played some golf with it so it will fit
3221 into VMS's 255 character buffer.
3224 code = "(1../^#!.*perl/i)|/^\\s*#(?!\\s*((ifn?|un)def|(el|end)?if|define|include|else|error|pragma)\\b)/||!($|=1)||print";
3226 code = "/^\\s*#(?!\\s*((ifn?|un)def|(el|end)?if|define|include|else|error|pragma)\\b)/||!($|=1)||print";
3228 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ cmd, "\
3229 %s -ne%s%s%s %s | %"SVf" %s %"SVf" %s",
3230 perl, quote, code, quote, scriptname, cpp,
3231 cpp_discard_flag, sv, CPPMINUS);
3233 PL_doextract = FALSE;
3235 DEBUG_P(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3236 "PL_preprocess: cmd=\"%s\"\n",
3239 PL_rsfp = PerlProc_popen((char *)SvPVX_const(cmd), (char *)"r");
3243 else if (!*scriptname) {
3244 forbid_setid("program input from stdin");
3245 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_stdin();
3248 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_open(scriptname,PERL_SCRIPT_MODE);
3249 # if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3251 /* ensure close-on-exec */
3252 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,1);
3255 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3257 /* PSz 16 Sep 03 Keep neat error message */
3258 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't open perl script \"%s\": %s\n",
3259 CopFILE(PL_curcop), Strerror(errno));
3264 * I_SYSSTATVFS HAS_FSTATVFS
3266 * I_STATFS HAS_FSTATFS HAS_GETFSSTAT
3267 * I_MNTENT HAS_GETMNTENT HAS_HASMNTOPT
3268 * here so that metaconfig picks them up. */
3272 S_fd_on_nosuid_fs(pTHX_ int fd)
3275 * We used to do this as "plain" user (after swapping UIDs with setreuid);
3276 * but is needed also on machines without setreuid.
3277 * Seems safe enough to run as root.
3279 int check_okay = 0; /* able to do all the required sys/libcalls */
3280 int on_nosuid = 0; /* the fd is on a nosuid fs */
3282 * Need to check noexec also: nosuid might not be set, the average
3283 * sysadmin would say that nosuid is irrelevant once he sets noexec.
3285 int on_noexec = 0; /* the fd is on a noexec fs */
3288 * Preferred order: fstatvfs(), fstatfs(), ustat()+getmnt(), getmntent().
3289 * fstatvfs() is UNIX98.
3290 * fstatfs() is 4.3 BSD.
3291 * ustat()+getmnt() is pre-4.3 BSD.
3292 * getmntent() is O(number-of-mounted-filesystems) and can hang on
3293 * an irrelevant filesystem while trying to reach the right one.
3296 #undef FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY /* found the syscalls to do the check? */
3298 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3299 defined(HAS_FSTATVFS)
3300 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3301 struct statvfs stfs;
3303 check_okay = fstatvfs(fd, &stfs) == 0;
3304 on_nosuid = check_okay && (stfs.f_flag & ST_NOSUID);
3306 /* ST_NOEXEC certainly absent on AIX 5.1, and doesn't seem to be documented
3307 on platforms where it is present. */
3308 on_noexec = check_okay && (stfs.f_flag & ST_NOEXEC);
3310 # endif /* fstatvfs */
3312 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3313 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID) && \
3314 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC) && \
3315 defined(HAS_FSTATFS) && \
3316 defined(HAS_STRUCT_STATFS) && \
3317 defined(HAS_STRUCT_STATFS_F_FLAGS)
3318 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3321 check_okay = fstatfs(fd, &stfs) == 0;
3322 on_nosuid = check_okay && (stfs.f_flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID);
3323 on_noexec = check_okay && (stfs.f_flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC);
3324 # endif /* fstatfs */
3326 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3327 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID) && \
3328 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC) && \
3329 defined(HAS_FSTAT) && \
3330 defined(HAS_USTAT) && \
3331 defined(HAS_GETMNT) && \
3332 defined(HAS_STRUCT_FS_DATA) && \
3334 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3337 if (fstat(fd, &fdst) == 0) {
3339 if (ustat(fdst.st_dev, &us) == 0) {
3341 /* NOSTAT_ONE here because we're not examining fields which
3342 * vary between that case and STAT_ONE. */
3343 if (getmnt((int*)0, &fsd, (int)0, NOSTAT_ONE, us.f_fname) == 0) {
3344 size_t cmplen = sizeof(us.f_fname);
3345 if (sizeof(fsd.fd_req.path) < cmplen)
3346 cmplen = sizeof(fsd.fd_req.path);
3347 if (strnEQ(fsd.fd_req.path, us.f_fname, cmplen) &&
3348 fdst.st_dev == fsd.fd_req.dev) {
3350 on_nosuid = fsd.fd_req.flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID;
3351 on_noexec = fsd.fd_req.flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC;
3357 # endif /* fstat+ustat+getmnt */
3359 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3360 defined(HAS_GETMNTENT) && \
3361 defined(HAS_HASMNTOPT) && \
3362 defined(MNTOPT_NOSUID) && \
3363 defined(MNTOPT_NOEXEC)
3364 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3365 FILE *mtab = fopen("/etc/mtab", "r");
3366 struct mntent *entry;
3369 if (mtab && (fstat(fd, &stb) == 0)) {
3370 while (entry = getmntent(mtab)) {
3371 if (stat(entry->mnt_dir, &fsb) == 0
3372 && fsb.st_dev == stb.st_dev)
3374 /* found the filesystem */
3376 if (hasmntopt(entry, MNTOPT_NOSUID))
3378 if (hasmntopt(entry, MNTOPT_NOEXEC))
3381 } /* A single fs may well fail its stat(). */
3386 # endif /* getmntent+hasmntopt */
3389 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't check filesystem of script \"%s\" for nosuid/noexec", PL_origfilename);
3391 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script \"%s\" on nosuid filesystem", PL_origfilename);
3393 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script \"%s\" on noexec filesystem", PL_origfilename);
3394 return ((!check_okay) || on_nosuid || on_noexec);
3396 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3399 S_validate_suid(pTHX_ const char *validarg, const char *scriptname)
3404 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3406 /* do we need to emulate setuid on scripts? */
3408 /* This code is for those BSD systems that have setuid #! scripts disabled
3409 * in the kernel because of a security problem. Merely defining DOSUID
3410 * in perl will not fix that problem, but if you have disabled setuid
3411 * scripts in the kernel, this will attempt to emulate setuid and setgid
3412 * on scripts that have those now-otherwise-useless bits set. The setuid
3413 * root version must be called suidperl or sperlN.NNN. If regular perl
3414 * discovers that it has opened a setuid script, it calls suidperl with
3415 * the same argv that it had. If suidperl finds that the script it has
3416 * just opened is NOT setuid root, it sets the effective uid back to the
3417 * uid. We don't just make perl setuid root because that loses the
3418 * effective uid we had before invoking perl, if it was different from the
3421 * Description/comments above do not match current workings:
3422 * suidperl must be hardlinked to sperlN.NNN (that is what we exec);
3423 * suidperl called with script open and name changed to /dev/fd/N/X;
3424 * suidperl croaks if script is not setuid;
3425 * making perl setuid would be a huge security risk (and yes, that
3426 * would lose any euid we might have had).
3428 * DOSUID must be defined in both perl and suidperl, and IAMSUID must
3429 * be defined in suidperl only. suidperl must be setuid root. The
3430 * Configure script will set this up for you if you want it.
3436 if (PerlLIO_fstat(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),&PL_statbuf) < 0) /* normal stat is insecure */
3437 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't stat script \"%s\"",PL_origfilename);
3438 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & (S_ISUID|S_ISGID)) {
3440 const char *linestr;
3443 if (PL_fdscript < 0 || PL_suidscript != 1)
3444 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Need (suid) fdscript in suidperl\n"); /* We already checked this */
3446 * Since the script is opened by perl, not suidperl, some of these
3447 * checks are superfluous. Leaving them in probably does not lower
3451 * Do checks even for systems with no HAS_SETREUID.
3452 * We used to swap, then re-swap UIDs with
3454 if (setreuid(PL_euid,PL_uid) < 0
3455 || PerlProc_getuid() != PL_euid || PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_uid)
3456 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't swap uid and euid");
3459 if (setreuid(PL_uid,PL_euid) < 0
3460 || PerlProc_getuid() != PL_uid || PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_euid)
3461 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't reswap uid and euid");
3465 /* On this access check to make sure the directories are readable,
3466 * there is actually a small window that the user could use to make
3467 * filename point to an accessible directory. So there is a faint
3468 * chance that someone could execute a setuid script down in a
3469 * non-accessible directory. I don't know what to do about that.
3470 * But I don't think it's too important. The manual lies when
3471 * it says access() is useful in setuid programs.
3473 * So, access() is pretty useless... but not harmful... do anyway.
3475 if (PerlLIO_access(CopFILE(PL_curcop),1)) { /*double check*/
3476 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't access() script\n");
3479 /* If we can swap euid and uid, then we can determine access rights
3480 * with a simple stat of the file, and then compare device and
3481 * inode to make sure we did stat() on the same file we opened.
3482 * Then we just have to make sure he or she can execute it.
3485 * As the script is opened by perl, not suidperl, we do not need to
3486 * care much about access rights.
3488 * The 'script changed' check is needed, or we can get lied to
3489 * about $0 with e.g.
3490 * suidperl /dev/fd/4//bin/x 4<setuidscript
3491 * Without HAS_SETREUID, is it safe to stat() as root?
3493 * Are there any operating systems that pass /dev/fd/xxx for setuid
3494 * scripts, as suggested/described in perlsec(1)? Surely they do not
3495 * pass the script name as we do, so the "script changed" test would
3496 * fail for them... but we never get here with
3497 * SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW defined.
3499 * This is one place where we must "lie" about return status: not
3500 * say if the stat() failed. We are doing this as root, and could
3501 * be tricked into reporting existence or not of files that the
3502 * "plain" user cannot even see.
3506 if (PerlLIO_stat(CopFILE(PL_curcop),&tmpstatbuf) < 0 ||
3507 tmpstatbuf.st_dev != PL_statbuf.st_dev ||
3508 tmpstatbuf.st_ino != PL_statbuf.st_ino) {
3509 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script changed\n");
3513 if (!cando(S_IXUSR,FALSE,&PL_statbuf)) /* can real uid exec? */
3514 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Real UID cannot exec script\n");
3517 * We used to do this check as the "plain" user (after swapping
3518 * UIDs). But the check for nosuid and noexec filesystem is needed,
3519 * and should be done even without HAS_SETREUID. (Maybe those
3520 * operating systems do not have such mount options anyway...)
3521 * Seems safe enough to do as root.
3523 #if !defined(NO_NOSUID_CHECK)
3524 if (fd_on_nosuid_fs(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp))) {
3525 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script on nosuid or noexec filesystem\n");
3528 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3530 if (!S_ISREG(PL_statbuf.st_mode)) {
3531 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script not plain file\n");
3533 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_IWOTH)
3534 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid/gid script is writable by world");
3535 PL_doswitches = FALSE; /* -s is insecure in suid */
3536 /* PSz 13 Nov 03 But -s was caught elsewhere ... so unsetting it here is useless(?!) */
3537 CopLINE_inc(PL_curcop);
3538 linestr = SvPV_nolen_const(PL_linestr);
3539 if (sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0) == Nullch ||
3540 strnNE(linestr,"#!",2) ) /* required even on Sys V */
3541 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No #! line");
3545 /* Sanity check on line length */
3546 if (strlen(s) < 1 || strlen(s) > 4000)
3547 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Very long #! line");
3548 /* Allow more than a single space after #! */
3549 while (isSPACE(*s)) s++;
3550 /* Sanity check on buffer end */
3551 while ((*s) && !isSPACE(*s)) s++;
3552 for (s2 = s; (s2 > linestr &&
3553 (isDIGIT(s2[-1]) || s2[-1] == '.' || s2[-1] == '_'
3554 || s2[-1] == '-')); s2--) ;
3555 /* Sanity check on buffer start */
3556 if ( (s2-4 < linestr || strnNE(s2-4,"perl",4)) &&
3557 (s-9 < linestr || strnNE(s-9,"perl",4)) )
3558 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Not a perl script");
3559 while (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t') s++;
3561 * #! arg must be what we saw above. They can invoke it by
3562 * mentioning suidperl explicitly, but they may not add any strange
3563 * arguments beyond what #! says if they do invoke suidperl that way.
3566 * The way validarg was set up, we rely on the kernel to start
3567 * scripts with argv[1] set to contain all #! line switches (the
3571 * Check that we got all the arguments listed in the #! line (not
3572 * just that there are no extraneous arguments). Might not matter
3573 * much, as switches from #! line seem to be acted upon (also), and
3574 * so may be checked and trapped in perl. But, security checks must
3575 * be done in suidperl and not deferred to perl. Note that suidperl
3576 * does not get around to parsing (and checking) the switches on
3577 * the #! line (but execs perl sooner).
3578 * Allow (require) a trailing newline (which may be of two
3579 * characters on some architectures?) (but no other trailing
3582 len = strlen(validarg);
3583 if (strEQ(validarg," PHOOEY ") ||
3584 strnNE(s,validarg,len) || !isSPACE(s[len]) ||
3585 !(strlen(s) == len+1 || (strlen(s) == len+2 && isSPACE(s[len+1]))))
3586 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Args must match #! line");
3589 if (PL_fdscript < 0 &&
3590 PL_euid != PL_uid && (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID) &&
3591 PL_euid == PL_statbuf.st_uid)
3593 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "YOU HAVEN'T DISABLED SET-ID SCRIPTS IN THE KERNEL YET!\n\
3594 FIX YOUR KERNEL, OR PUT A C WRAPPER AROUND THIS SCRIPT!\n");
3595 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3597 if (PL_fdscript < 0 &&
3598 PL_euid) { /* oops, we're not the setuid root perl */
3600 * When root runs a setuid script, we do not go through the same
3601 * steps of execing sperl and then perl with fd scripts, but
3602 * simply set up UIDs within the same perl invocation; so do
3603 * not have the same checks (on options, whatever) that we have
3604 * for plain users. No problem really: would have to be a script
3605 * that does not actually work for plain users; and if root is
3606 * foolish and can be persuaded to run such an unsafe script, he
3607 * might run also non-setuid ones, and deserves what he gets.
3609 * Or, we might drop the PL_euid check above (and rely just on
3610 * PL_fdscript to avoid loops), and do the execs
3616 * Pass fd script to suidperl.
3617 * Exec suidperl, substituting fd script for scriptname.
3618 * Pass script name as "subdir" of fd, which perl will grok;
3619 * in fact will use that to distinguish this from "normal"
3620 * usage, see comments above.
3622 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
3623 PerlLIO_lseek(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),(Off_t)0,0); /* just in case rewind didn't */
3624 /* PSz 27 Feb 04 Sanity checks on scriptname */
3625 if ((!scriptname) || (!*scriptname) ) {
3626 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No setuid script name\n");
3628 if (*scriptname == '-') {
3629 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script name may not begin with dash\n");
3630 /* Or we might confuse it with an option when replacing
3631 * name in argument list, below (though we do pointer, not
3632 * string, comparisons).
3635 for (which = 1; PL_origargv[which] && PL_origargv[which] != scriptname; which++) ;
3636 if (!PL_origargv[which]) {
3637 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't change argv to have fd script\n");
3639 PL_origargv[which] = savepv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "/dev/fd/%d/%s",
3640 PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp), PL_origargv[which]));
3641 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3642 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,0); /* ensure no close-on-exec */
3645 PerlProc_execv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s/sperl"PERL_FS_VER_FMT, BIN_EXP,
3646 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
3647 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION), PL_origargv);
3649 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3650 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setuid (cannot exec sperl)\n");
3653 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISGID && PL_statbuf.st_gid != PL_egid) {
3655 * This seems back to front: we try HAS_SETEGID first; if not available
3656 * then try HAS_SETREGID; as a last chance we try HAS_SETRESGID. May be OK
3657 * in the sense that we only want to set EGID; but are there any machines
3658 * with either of the latter, but not the former? Same with UID, later.
3661 (void)setegid(PL_statbuf.st_gid);
3664 (void)setregid((Gid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_gid);
3666 #ifdef HAS_SETRESGID
3667 (void)setresgid((Gid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_gid,(Gid_t)-1);
3669 PerlProc_setgid(PL_statbuf.st_gid);
3673 if (PerlProc_getegid() != PL_statbuf.st_gid)
3674 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setegid!\n");
3676 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID) {
3677 if (PL_statbuf.st_uid != PL_euid)
3679 (void)seteuid(PL_statbuf.st_uid); /* all that for this */
3682 (void)setreuid((Uid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_uid);
3684 #ifdef HAS_SETRESUID
3685 (void)setresuid((Uid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_uid,(Uid_t)-1);
3687 PerlProc_setuid(PL_statbuf.st_uid);
3691 if (PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_statbuf.st_uid)
3692 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do seteuid!\n");
3694 else if (PL_uid) { /* oops, mustn't run as root */
3696 (void)seteuid((Uid_t)PL_uid);
3699 (void)setreuid((Uid_t)-1,(Uid_t)PL_uid);
3701 #ifdef HAS_SETRESUID
3702 (void)setresuid((Uid_t)-1,(Uid_t)PL_uid,(Uid_t)-1);
3704 PerlProc_setuid((Uid_t)PL_uid);
3708 if (PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_uid)
3709 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do seteuid!\n");
3712 if (!cando(S_IXUSR,TRUE,&PL_statbuf))
3713 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Effective UID cannot exec script\n"); /* they can't do this */
3716 else if (PL_preprocess) /* PSz 13 Nov 03 Caught elsewhere, useless(?!) here */
3717 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "-P not allowed for setuid/setgid script\n");
3718 else if (PL_fdscript < 0 || PL_suidscript != 1)
3719 /* PSz 13 Nov 03 Caught elsewhere, useless(?!) here */
3720 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "(suid) fdscript needed in suidperl\n");
3722 /* PSz 16 Sep 03 Keep neat error message */
3723 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Script is not setuid/setgid in suidperl\n");
3726 /* We absolutely must clear out any saved ids here, so we */
3727 /* exec the real perl, substituting fd script for scriptname. */
3728 /* (We pass script name as "subdir" of fd, which perl will grok.) */
3730 * It might be thought that using setresgid and/or setresuid (changed to
3731 * set the saved IDs) above might obviate the need to exec, and we could
3732 * go on to "do the perl thing".
3734 * Is there such a thing as "saved GID", and is that set for setuid (but
3735 * not setgid) execution like suidperl? Without exec, it would not be
3736 * cleared for setuid (but not setgid) scripts (or might need a dummy
3739 * We need suidperl to do the exact same argument checking that perl
3740 * does. Thus it cannot be very small; while it could be significantly
3741 * smaller, it is safer (simpler?) to make it essentially the same
3742 * binary as perl (but they are not identical). - Maybe could defer that
3743 * check to the invoked perl, and suidperl be a tiny wrapper instead;
3744 * but prefer to do thorough checks in suidperl itself. Such deferral
3745 * would make suidperl security rely on perl, a design no-no.
3747 * Setuid things should be short and simple, thus easy to understand and
3748 * verify. They should do their "own thing", without influence by
3749 * attackers. It may help if their internal execution flow is fixed,
3750 * regardless of platform: it may be best to exec anyway.
3752 * Suidperl should at least be conceptually simple: a wrapper only,
3753 * never to do any real perl. Maybe we should put
3755 * Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Suidperl should never do real perl\n");
3757 * into the perly bits.
3759 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
3760 PerlLIO_lseek(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),(Off_t)0,0); /* just in case rewind didn't */
3762 * Keep original arguments: suidperl already has fd script.
3764 /* for (which = 1; PL_origargv[which] && PL_origargv[which] != scriptname; which++) ; */
3765 /* if (!PL_origargv[which]) { */
3766 /* errno = EPERM; */
3767 /* Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Permission denied\n"); */
3769 /* PL_origargv[which] = savepv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "/dev/fd/%d/%s", */
3770 /* PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp), PL_origargv[which])); */
3771 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3772 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,0); /* ensure no close-on-exec */
3775 PerlProc_execv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s/perl"PERL_FS_VER_FMT, BIN_EXP,
3776 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
3777 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION), PL_origargv);/* try again */
3779 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setuid (suidperl cannot exec perl)\n");
3780 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3782 if (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid) { /* (suidperl doesn't exist, in fact) */
3783 #ifndef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
3784 PerlLIO_fstat(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),&PL_statbuf); /* may be either wrapped or real suid */
3785 if ((PL_euid != PL_uid && PL_euid == PL_statbuf.st_uid && PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID)
3787 (PL_egid != PL_gid && PL_egid == PL_statbuf.st_gid && PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISGID)
3790 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "YOU HAVEN'T DISABLED SET-ID SCRIPTS IN THE KERNEL YET!\n\
3791 FIX YOUR KERNEL, PUT A C WRAPPER AROUND THIS SCRIPT, OR USE -u AND UNDUMP!\n");
3792 #endif /* SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW */
3793 /* not set-id, must be wrapped */
3801 S_find_beginning(pTHX)
3804 register const char *s2;
3805 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3809 /* skip forward in input to the real script? */
3812 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3813 /* Since the Mac OS does not honor #! arguments for us, we do it ourselves */
3815 while (PL_doextract || gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
3816 if ((s = sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0)) == Nullch) {
3817 if (!gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract)
3818 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No Perl script found in input\n");
3820 if (PL_doextract) /* require explicit override ? */
3821 if (!OverrideExtract(PL_origfilename))
3822 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "User aborted script\n");
3824 PL_doextract = FALSE;
3826 /* Pater peccavi, file does not have #! */
3827 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
3832 while (PL_doextract) {
3833 if ((s = sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0)) == Nullch)
3834 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No Perl script found in input\n");
3837 if (*s == '#' && s[1] == '!' && ((s = instr(s,"perl")) || (s = instr(s2,"PERL")))) {
3838 PerlIO_ungetc(PL_rsfp, '\n'); /* to keep line count right */
3839 PL_doextract = FALSE;
3840 while (*s && !(isSPACE (*s) || *s == '#')) s++;
3842 while (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t') s++;
3844 while (isDIGIT(s2[-1]) || s2[-1] == '-' || s2[-1] == '.'
3845 || s2[-1] == '_') s2--;
3846 if (strnEQ(s2-4,"perl",4))
3847 while ((s = moreswitches(s)))
3850 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3851 /* We are always searching for the #!perl line in MacPerl,
3852 * so if we find it, still keep the line count correct
3853 * by counting lines we already skipped over
3855 for (; maclines > 0 ; maclines--)
3856 PerlIO_ungetc(PL_rsfp, '\n');
3860 /* gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract is false in MPW tool */
3861 } else if (gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
3872 PL_uid = PerlProc_getuid();
3873 PL_euid = PerlProc_geteuid();
3874 PL_gid = PerlProc_getgid();
3875 PL_egid = PerlProc_getegid();
3877 PL_uid |= PL_gid << 16;
3878 PL_euid |= PL_egid << 16;
3880 /* Should not happen: */
3881 CHECK_MALLOC_TAINT(PL_uid && (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid));
3882 PL_tainting |= (PL_uid && (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid));
3885 * Should go by suidscript, not uid!=euid: why disallow
3886 * system("ls") in scripts run from setuid things?
3887 * Or, is this run before we check arguments and set suidscript?
3888 * What about SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW: could we use fdscript then?
3889 * (We never have suidscript, can we be sure to have fdscript?)
3890 * Or must then go by UID checks? See comments in forbid_setid also.
3894 /* This is used very early in the lifetime of the program,
3895 * before even the options are parsed, so PL_tainting has
3896 * not been initialized properly. */
3898 Perl_doing_taint(int argc, char *argv[], char *envp[])
3900 #ifndef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
3901 /* If we have PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS we can't call getuid() et alia
3902 * before we have an interpreter-- and the whole point of this
3903 * function is to be called at such an early stage. If you are on
3904 * a system with PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS but you do have a concept of
3905 * "tainted because running with altered effective ids', you'll
3906 * have to add your own checks somewhere in here. The two most
3907 * known samples of 'implicitness' are Win32 and NetWare, neither
3908 * of which has much of concept of 'uids'. */
3909 int uid = PerlProc_getuid();
3910 int euid = PerlProc_geteuid();
3911 int gid = PerlProc_getgid();
3912 int egid = PerlProc_getegid();
3919 if (uid && (euid != uid || egid != gid))
3921 #endif /* !PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS */
3922 /* This is a really primitive check; environment gets ignored only
3923 * if -T are the first chars together; otherwise one gets
3924 * "Too late" message. */
3925 if ( argc > 1 && argv[1][0] == '-'
3926 && (argv[1][1] == 't' || argv[1][1] == 'T') )
3932 S_forbid_setid(pTHX_ const char *s)
3934 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
3935 if (PL_euid != PL_uid)
3936 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed while running setuid", s);
3937 if (PL_egid != PL_gid)
3938 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed while running setgid", s);
3939 #endif /* SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW */
3941 * Checks for UID/GID above "wrong": why disallow
3942 * perl -e 'print "Hello\n"'
3943 * from within setuid things?? Simply drop them: replaced by
3944 * fdscript/suidscript and #ifdef IAMSUID checks below.
3946 * This may be too late for command-line switches. Will catch those on
3947 * the #! line, after finding the script name and setting up
3948 * fdscript/suidscript. Note that suidperl does not get around to
3949 * parsing (and checking) the switches on the #! line, but checks that
3950 * the two sets are identical.
3952 * With SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW, could we use fdscript, also or
3953 * instead, or would that be "too late"? (We never have suidscript, can
3954 * we be sure to have fdscript?)
3956 * Catch things with suidscript (in descendant of suidperl), even with
3957 * right UID/GID. Was already checked in suidperl, with #ifdef IAMSUID,
3958 * below; but I am paranoid.
3960 * Also see comments about root running a setuid script, elsewhere.
3962 if (PL_suidscript >= 0)
3963 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed with (suid) fdscript", s);
3965 /* PSz 11 Nov 03 Catch it in suidperl, always! */
3966 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed in suidperl", s);
3967 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3971 Perl_init_debugger(pTHX)
3973 HV *ostash = PL_curstash;
3975 PL_curstash = PL_debstash;
3976 PL_dbargs = GvAV(gv_AVadd((gv_fetchpv("DB::args", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVAV))));
3977 AvREAL_off(PL_dbargs);
3978 PL_DBgv = gv_fetchpv("DB::DB", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVGV);
3979 PL_DBline = gv_fetchpv("DB::dbline", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVAV);
3980 PL_DBsub = gv_HVadd(gv_fetchpv("DB::sub", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
3981 PL_DBsingle = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("DB::single", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
3982 sv_setiv(PL_DBsingle, 0);
3983 PL_DBtrace = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("DB::trace", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
3984 sv_setiv(PL_DBtrace, 0);
3985 PL_DBsignal = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("DB::signal", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
3986 sv_setiv(PL_DBsignal, 0);
3987 PL_DBassertion = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("DB::assertion", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
3988 sv_setiv(PL_DBassertion, 0);
3989 PL_curstash = ostash;
3992 #ifndef STRESS_REALLOC
3993 #define REASONABLE(size) (size)
3995 #define REASONABLE(size) (1) /* unreasonable */
3999 Perl_init_stacks(pTHX)
4001 /* start with 128-item stack and 8K cxstack */
4002 PL_curstackinfo = new_stackinfo(REASONABLE(128),
4003 REASONABLE(8192/sizeof(PERL_CONTEXT) - 1));
4004 PL_curstackinfo->si_type = PERLSI_MAIN;
4005 PL_curstack = PL_curstackinfo->si_stack;
4006 PL_mainstack = PL_curstack; /* remember in case we switch stacks */
4008 PL_stack_base = AvARRAY(PL_curstack);
4009 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base;
4010 PL_stack_max = PL_stack_base + AvMAX(PL_curstack);
4012 New(50,PL_tmps_stack,REASONABLE(128),SV*);
4015 PL_tmps_max = REASONABLE(128);
4017 New(54,PL_markstack,REASONABLE(32),I32);
4018 PL_markstack_ptr = PL_markstack;
4019 PL_markstack_max = PL_markstack + REASONABLE(32);
4023 New(54,PL_scopestack,REASONABLE(32),I32);
4024 PL_scopestack_ix = 0;
4025 PL_scopestack_max = REASONABLE(32);
4027 New(54,PL_savestack,REASONABLE(128),ANY);
4028 PL_savestack_ix = 0;
4029 PL_savestack_max = REASONABLE(128);
4037 while (PL_curstackinfo->si_next)
4038 PL_curstackinfo = PL_curstackinfo->si_next;
4039 while (PL_curstackinfo) {
4040 PERL_SI *p = PL_curstackinfo->si_prev;
4041 /* curstackinfo->si_stack got nuked by sv_free_arenas() */
4042 Safefree(PL_curstackinfo->si_cxstack);
4043 Safefree(PL_curstackinfo);
4044 PL_curstackinfo = p;
4046 Safefree(PL_tmps_stack);
4047 Safefree(PL_markstack);
4048 Safefree(PL_scopestack);
4049 Safefree(PL_savestack);
4058 lex_start(PL_linestr);
4060 PL_subname = newSVpvn("main",4);
4064 S_init_predump_symbols(pTHX)
4069 sv_setpvn(get_sv("\"", TRUE), " ", 1);
4070 PL_stdingv = gv_fetchpv("STDIN",TRUE, SVt_PVIO);
4071 GvMULTI_on(PL_stdingv);
4072 io = GvIOp(PL_stdingv);
4073 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_RDONLY;
4074 IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stdin();
4075 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("stdin",TRUE, SVt_PV);
4077 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc(io);
4079 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("STDOUT",TRUE, SVt_PVIO);
4082 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_WRONLY;
4083 IoOFP(io) = IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stdout();
4085 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("stdout",TRUE, SVt_PV);
4087 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc(io);
4089 PL_stderrgv = gv_fetchpv("STDERR",TRUE, SVt_PVIO);
4090 GvMULTI_on(PL_stderrgv);
4091 io = GvIOp(PL_stderrgv);
4092 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_WRONLY;
4093 IoOFP(io) = IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stderr();
4094 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("stderr",TRUE, SVt_PV);
4096 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc(io);
4098 PL_statname = NEWSV(66,0); /* last filename we did stat on */
4101 Safefree(PL_osname);
4102 PL_osname = savepv(OSNAME);
4106 Perl_init_argv_symbols(pTHX_ register int argc, register char **argv)
4109 argc--,argv++; /* skip name of script */
4110 if (PL_doswitches) {
4111 for (; argc > 0 && **argv == '-'; argc--,argv++) {
4114 if (argv[0][1] == '-' && !argv[0][2]) {
4118 if ((s = strchr(argv[0], '='))) {
4120 sv_setpv(GvSV(gv_fetchpv(argv[0]+1,TRUE, SVt_PV)),s);
4123 sv_setiv(GvSV(gv_fetchpv(argv[0]+1,TRUE, SVt_PV)),1);
4126 if ((PL_argvgv = gv_fetchpv("ARGV",TRUE, SVt_PVAV))) {
4127 GvMULTI_on(PL_argvgv);
4128 (void)gv_AVadd(PL_argvgv);
4129 av_clear(GvAVn(PL_argvgv));
4130 for (; argc > 0; argc--,argv++) {
4131 SV *sv = newSVpv(argv[0],0);
4132 av_push(GvAVn(PL_argvgv),sv);
4133 if (!(PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_LOCALE_FLAG) || PL_utf8locale) {
4134 if (PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_ARGV_FLAG)
4137 if (PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_WIDESYSCALLS_FLAG) /* Sarathy? */
4138 (void)sv_utf8_decode(sv);
4144 S_init_postdump_symbols(pTHX_ register int argc, register char **argv, register char **env)
4149 PL_toptarget = NEWSV(0,0);
4150 sv_upgrade(PL_toptarget, SVt_PVFM);
4151 sv_setpvn(PL_toptarget, "", 0);
4152 PL_bodytarget = NEWSV(0,0);
4153 sv_upgrade(PL_bodytarget, SVt_PVFM);
4154 sv_setpvn(PL_bodytarget, "", 0);
4155 PL_formtarget = PL_bodytarget;
4159 init_argv_symbols(argc,argv);
4161 if ((tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("0",TRUE, SVt_PV))) {
4162 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4163 /* $0 is not majick on a Mac */
4164 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv),MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
4166 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv),PL_origfilename);
4167 magicname("0", "0", 1);
4170 if ((PL_envgv = gv_fetchpv("ENV",TRUE, SVt_PVHV))) {
4172 GvMULTI_on(PL_envgv);
4173 hv = GvHVn(PL_envgv);
4174 hv_magic(hv, Nullgv, PERL_MAGIC_env);
4176 #ifdef USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY
4177 /* Note that if the supplied env parameter is actually a copy
4178 of the global environ then it may now point to free'd memory
4179 if the environment has been modified since. To avoid this
4180 problem we treat env==NULL as meaning 'use the default'
4185 # ifdef USE_ITHREADS
4186 && PL_curinterp == aTHX
4190 environ[0] = Nullch;
4193 char** origenv = environ;
4196 for (; *env; env++) {
4197 if (!(s = strchr(*env,'=')) || s == *env)
4199 #if defined(MSDOS) && !defined(DJGPP)
4204 sv = newSVpv(s+1, 0);
4205 (void)hv_store(hv, *env, s - *env, sv, 0);
4208 if (origenv != environ) {
4209 /* realloc has shifted us */
4210 env = (env - origenv) + environ;
4215 #endif /* USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY */
4216 #endif /* !PERL_MICRO */
4219 if ((tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("$",TRUE, SVt_PV))) {
4220 SvREADONLY_off(GvSV(tmpgv));
4221 sv_setiv(GvSV(tmpgv), (IV)PerlProc_getpid());
4222 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(tmpgv));
4224 #ifdef THREADS_HAVE_PIDS
4225 PL_ppid = (IV)getppid();
4228 /* touch @F array to prevent spurious warnings 20020415 MJD */
4230 (void) get_av("main::F", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4232 /* touch @- and @+ arrays to prevent spurious warnings 20020415 MJD */
4233 (void) get_av("main::-", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4234 (void) get_av("main::+", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4238 S_init_perllib(pTHX)
4243 s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL5LIB");
4245 incpush(s, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE);
4247 incpush(PerlEnv_getenv("PERLLIB"), FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4249 /* Treat PERL5?LIB as a possible search list logical name -- the
4250 * "natural" VMS idiom for a Unix path string. We allow each
4251 * element to be a set of |-separated directories for compatibility.
4255 if (my_trnlnm("PERL5LIB",buf,0))
4256 do { incpush(buf,TRUE,TRUE,TRUE,FALSE); } while (my_trnlnm("PERL5LIB",buf,++idx));
4258 while (my_trnlnm("PERLLIB",buf,idx++)) incpush(buf,FALSE,FALSE,TRUE,FALSE);
4262 /* Use the ~-expanded versions of APPLLIB (undocumented),
4263 ARCHLIB PRIVLIB SITEARCH SITELIB VENDORARCH and VENDORLIB
4266 incpush(APPLLIB_EXP, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4270 incpush(ARCHLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4272 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4275 SV * privdir = NEWSV(55, 0);
4276 char * macperl = PerlEnv_getenv("MACPERL");
4281 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ privdir, "%slib:", macperl);
4282 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(privdir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 && S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode))
4283 incpush(SvPVX(privdir), TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4284 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ privdir, "%ssite_perl:", macperl);
4285 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(privdir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 && S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode))
4286 incpush(SvPVX(privdir), TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4288 SvREFCNT_dec(privdir);
4291 incpush(":", FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4294 # define PRIVLIB_EXP "/usr/local/lib/perl5:/usr/local/lib/perl"
4297 incpush(PRIVLIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4299 incpush(PRIVLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4303 /* sitearch is always relative to sitelib on Windows for
4304 * DLL-based path intuition to work correctly */
4305 # if !defined(WIN32)
4306 incpush(SITEARCH_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4312 /* this picks up sitearch as well */
4313 incpush(SITELIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4315 incpush(SITELIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4319 #ifdef SITELIB_STEM /* Search for version-specific dirs below here */
4320 incpush(SITELIB_STEM, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4323 #ifdef PERL_VENDORARCH_EXP
4324 /* vendorarch is always relative to vendorlib on Windows for
4325 * DLL-based path intuition to work correctly */
4326 # if !defined(WIN32)
4327 incpush(PERL_VENDORARCH_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4331 #ifdef PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP
4333 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE); /* this picks up vendorarch as well */
4335 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4339 #ifdef PERL_VENDORLIB_STEM /* Search for version-specific dirs below here */
4340 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_STEM, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4343 #ifdef PERL_OTHERLIBDIRS
4344 incpush(PERL_OTHERLIBDIRS, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4348 incpush(".", FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4349 #endif /* MACOS_TRADITIONAL */
4352 #if defined(DOSISH) || defined(EPOC) || defined(SYMBIAN)
4353 # define PERLLIB_SEP ';'
4356 # define PERLLIB_SEP '|'
4358 # if defined(MACOS_TRADITIONAL)
4359 # define PERLLIB_SEP ','
4361 # define PERLLIB_SEP ':'
4365 #ifndef PERLLIB_MANGLE
4366 # define PERLLIB_MANGLE(s,n) (s)
4369 /* Push a directory onto @INC if it exists.
4370 Generate a new SV if we do this, to save needing to copy the SV we push
4373 S_incpush_if_exists(pTHX_ SV *dir)
4376 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX_const(dir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 &&
4377 S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode)) {
4378 av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), dir);
4385 S_incpush(pTHX_ const char *dir, bool addsubdirs, bool addoldvers, bool usesep,
4388 SV *subdir = Nullsv;
4389 const char *p = dir;
4394 if (addsubdirs || addoldvers) {
4395 subdir = NEWSV(0,0);
4398 /* Break at all separators */
4400 SV *libdir = NEWSV(55,0);
4403 /* skip any consecutive separators */
4405 while ( *p == PERLLIB_SEP ) {
4406 /* Uncomment the next line for PATH semantics */
4407 /* av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), newSVpvn(".", 1)); */
4412 if ( usesep && (s = strchr(p, PERLLIB_SEP)) != Nullch ) {
4413 sv_setpvn(libdir, PERLLIB_MANGLE(p, (STRLEN)(s - p)),
4418 sv_setpv(libdir, PERLLIB_MANGLE(p, 0));
4419 p = Nullch; /* break out */
4421 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4422 if (!strchr(SvPVX(libdir), ':')) {
4425 sv_setpv(libdir, MacPerl_CanonDir(SvPVX(libdir), buf, 0));
4427 if (SvPVX(libdir)[SvCUR(libdir)-1] != ':')
4428 sv_catpv(libdir, ":");
4431 /* Do the if() outside the #ifdef to avoid warnings about an unused
4434 #ifdef PERL_RELOCATABLE_INC
4436 * Relocatable include entries are marked with a leading .../
4439 * 0: Remove that leading ".../"
4440 * 1: Remove trailing executable name (anything after the last '/')
4441 * from the perl path to give a perl prefix
4443 * While the @INC element starts "../" and the prefix ends with a real
4444 * directory (ie not . or ..) chop that real directory off the prefix
4445 * and the leading "../" from the @INC element. ie a logical "../"
4447 * Finally concatenate the prefix and the remainder of the @INC element
4448 * The intent is that /usr/local/bin/perl and .../../lib/perl5
4449 * generates /usr/local/lib/perl5
4451 char *libpath = SvPVX(libdir);
4452 STRLEN libpath_len = SvCUR(libdir);
4453 if (libpath_len >= 4 && memEQ (libpath, ".../", 4)) {
4455 SV *caret_X = get_sv("\030", 0);
4456 /* Going to use the SV just as a scratch buffer holding a C
4462 /* $^X is *the* source of taint if tainting is on, hence
4463 SvPOK() won't be true. */
4465 assert(SvPOKp(caret_X));
4466 prefix_sv = newSVpvn(SvPVX(caret_X), SvCUR(caret_X));
4467 /* Firstly take off the leading .../
4468 If all else fail we'll do the paths relative to the current
4470 sv_chop(libdir, libpath + 4);
4471 /* Don't use SvPV as we're intentionally bypassing taining,
4472 mortal copies that the mg_get of tainting creates, and
4473 corruption that seems to come via the save stack.
4474 I guess that the save stack isn't correctly set up yet. */
4475 libpath = SvPVX(libdir);
4476 libpath_len = SvCUR(libdir);
4478 /* This would work more efficiently with memrchr, but as it's
4479 only a GNU extension we'd need to probe for it and
4480 implement our own. Not hard, but maybe not worth it? */
4482 prefix = SvPVX(prefix_sv);
4483 lastslash = strrchr(prefix, '/');
4485 /* First time in with the *lastslash = '\0' we just wipe off
4486 the trailing /perl from (say) /usr/foo/bin/perl
4490 while ((*lastslash = '\0'), /* Do that, come what may. */
4491 (libpath_len >= 3 && memEQ(libpath, "../", 3)
4492 && (lastslash = strrchr(prefix, '/')))) {
4493 if (lastslash[1] == '\0'
4494 || (lastslash[1] == '.'
4495 && (lastslash[2] == '/' /* ends "/." */
4496 || (lastslash[2] == '/'
4497 && lastslash[3] == '/' /* or "/.." */
4499 /* Prefix ends "/" or "/." or "/..", any of which
4500 are fishy, so don't do any more logical cleanup.
4504 /* Remove leading "../" from path */
4507 /* Next iteration round the loop removes the last
4508 directory name from prefix by writing a '\0' in
4509 the while clause. */
4511 /* prefix has been terminated with a '\0' to the correct
4512 length. libpath points somewhere into the libdir SV.
4513 We need to join the 2 with '/' and drop the result into
4515 tempsv = Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "%s/%s", prefix, libpath);
4516 SvREFCNT_dec(libdir);
4517 /* And this is the new libdir. */
4520 (PL_uid != PL_euid || PL_gid != PL_egid)) {
4521 /* Need to taint reloccated paths if running set ID */
4522 SvTAINTED_on(libdir);
4525 SvREFCNT_dec(prefix_sv);
4530 * BEFORE pushing libdir onto @INC we may first push version- and
4531 * archname-specific sub-directories.
4533 if (addsubdirs || addoldvers) {
4534 #ifdef PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST
4535 /* Configure terminates PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST with a NULL */
4536 const char *incverlist[] = { PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST };
4537 const char **incver;
4543 if ((unix = tounixspec_ts(SvPV(libdir,len),Nullch)) != Nullch) {
4545 while (unix[len-1] == '/') len--; /* Cosmetic */
4546 sv_usepvn(libdir,unix,len);
4549 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log,
4550 "Failed to unixify @INC element \"%s\"\n",
4554 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4555 #define PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT ""
4556 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT "%s:"
4557 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_FS_VER_FMT PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT
4559 #define PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT "/"
4560 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT "/%s"
4561 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT PERL_FS_VER_FMT
4563 /* .../version/archname if -d .../version/archname */
4564 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_ARCH_FMT,
4566 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
4567 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION, ARCHNAME);
4568 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
4570 /* .../version if -d .../version */
4571 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH, libdir,
4572 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
4573 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION);
4574 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
4576 /* .../archname if -d .../archname */
4577 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT, libdir, ARCHNAME);
4578 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
4582 #ifdef PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST
4584 for (incver = incverlist; *incver; incver++) {
4585 /* .../xxx if -d .../xxx */
4586 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT, libdir, *incver);
4587 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
4593 /* finally push this lib directory on the end of @INC */
4594 av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), libdir);
4597 assert (SvREFCNT(subdir) == 1);
4598 SvREFCNT_dec(subdir);
4602 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
4603 STATIC struct perl_thread *
4604 S_init_main_thread(pTHX)
4606 #if !defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
4607 struct perl_thread *thr;
4611 Newz(53, thr, 1, struct perl_thread);
4612 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
4613 thr->interp = PERL_GET_INTERP;
4614 thr->cvcache = newHV();
4615 thr->threadsv = newAV();
4616 /* thr->threadsvp is set when find_threadsv is called */
4617 thr->specific = newAV();
4618 thr->flags = THRf_R_JOINABLE;
4619 MUTEX_INIT(&thr->mutex);
4620 /* Handcraft thrsv similarly to mess_sv */
4621 New(53, PL_thrsv, 1, SV);
4622 Newz(53, xpv, 1, XPV);
4623 SvFLAGS(PL_thrsv) = SVt_PV;
4624 SvANY(PL_thrsv) = (void*)xpv;
4625 SvREFCNT(PL_thrsv) = 1 << 30; /* practically infinite */
4626 SvPV_set(PL_thrsvr, (char*)thr);
4627 SvCUR_set(PL_thrsv, sizeof(thr));
4628 SvLEN_set(PL_thrsv, sizeof(thr));
4629 *SvEND(PL_thrsv) = '\0'; /* in the trailing_nul field */
4630 thr->oursv = PL_thrsv;
4631 PL_chopset = " \n-";
4634 MUTEX_LOCK(&PL_threads_mutex);
4640 MUTEX_UNLOCK(&PL_threads_mutex);
4642 #ifdef HAVE_THREAD_INTERN
4643 Perl_init_thread_intern(thr);
4646 #ifdef SET_THREAD_SELF
4647 SET_THREAD_SELF(thr);
4649 thr->self = pthread_self();
4650 #endif /* SET_THREAD_SELF */
4654 * These must come after the thread self setting
4655 * because sv_setpvn does SvTAINT and the taint
4656 * fields thread selfness being set.
4658 PL_toptarget = NEWSV(0,0);
4659 sv_upgrade(PL_toptarget, SVt_PVFM);
4660 sv_setpvn(PL_toptarget, "", 0);
4661 PL_bodytarget = NEWSV(0,0);
4662 sv_upgrade(PL_bodytarget, SVt_PVFM);
4663 sv_setpvn(PL_bodytarget, "", 0);
4664 PL_formtarget = PL_bodytarget;
4665 thr->errsv = newSVpvn("", 0);
4666 (void) find_threadsv("@"); /* Ensure $@ is initialised early */
4669 PL_peepp = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_peep);
4670 PL_regcompp = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_pregcomp);
4671 PL_regexecp = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_regexec_flags);
4672 PL_regint_start = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_re_intuit_start);
4673 PL_regint_string = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_re_intuit_string);
4674 PL_regfree = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_pregfree);
4676 PL_reginterp_cnt = 0;
4680 #endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
4683 Perl_call_list(pTHX_ I32 oldscope, AV *paramList)
4687 const line_t oldline = CopLINE(PL_curcop);
4693 while (av_len(paramList) >= 0) {
4694 cv = (CV*)av_shift(paramList);
4696 if (paramList == PL_beginav) {
4697 /* save PL_beginav for compiler */
4698 if (! PL_beginav_save)
4699 PL_beginav_save = newAV();
4700 av_push(PL_beginav_save, (SV*)cv);
4702 else if (paramList == PL_checkav) {
4703 /* save PL_checkav for compiler */
4704 if (! PL_checkav_save)
4705 PL_checkav_save = newAV();
4706 av_push(PL_checkav_save, (SV*)cv);
4716 (void)SvPV_const(atsv, len);
4718 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
4719 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
4720 if (paramList == PL_beginav)
4721 sv_catpv(atsv, "BEGIN failed--compilation aborted");
4723 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ atsv,
4724 "%s failed--call queue aborted",
4725 paramList == PL_checkav ? "CHECK"
4726 : paramList == PL_initav ? "INIT"
4728 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
4731 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%"SVf"", atsv);
4738 /* my_exit() was called */
4739 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
4742 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
4743 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
4744 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
4746 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED)) {
4747 if (paramList == PL_beginav)
4748 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "BEGIN failed--compilation aborted");
4750 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s failed--call queue aborted",
4751 paramList == PL_checkav ? "CHECK"
4752 : paramList == PL_initav ? "INIT"
4759 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
4760 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
4763 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: restartop\n");
4772 S_call_list_body(pTHX_ CV *cv)
4774 PUSHMARK(PL_stack_sp);
4775 call_sv((SV*)cv, G_EVAL|G_DISCARD);
4780 Perl_my_exit(pTHX_ U32 status)
4782 DEBUG_S(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "my_exit: thread %p, status %lu\n",
4783 thr, (unsigned long) status));
4792 STATUS_NATIVE_SET(status);
4799 Perl_my_failure_exit(pTHX)
4802 if (vaxc$errno & 1) {
4803 if (STATUS_NATIVE & 1) /* fortuitiously includes "-1" */
4804 STATUS_NATIVE_SET(44);
4807 if (!vaxc$errno) /* unlikely */
4808 STATUS_NATIVE_SET(44);
4810 STATUS_NATIVE_SET(vaxc$errno);
4815 STATUS_UNIX_SET(errno);
4817 exitstatus = STATUS_UNIX >> 8;
4818 if (exitstatus & 255)
4819 STATUS_UNIX_SET(exitstatus);
4821 STATUS_UNIX_SET(255);
4828 S_my_exit_jump(pTHX)
4831 register PERL_CONTEXT *cx;
4836 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
4837 PL_e_script = Nullsv;
4840 POPSTACK_TO(PL_mainstack);
4841 if (cxstack_ix >= 0) {
4844 POPBLOCK(cx,PL_curpm);
4852 read_e_script(pTHX_ int idx, SV *buf_sv, int maxlen)
4858 p = SvPVX_const(PL_e_script);
4859 nl = strchr(p, '\n');
4860 nl = (nl) ? nl+1 : SvEND(PL_e_script);
4862 filter_del(read_e_script);
4865 sv_catpvn(buf_sv, p, nl-p);
4866 sv_chop(PL_e_script, nl);
4872 * c-indentation-style: bsd
4874 * indent-tabs-mode: t
4877 * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 noet: