3 * Copyright (C) 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
4 * 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * "A ship then new they built for him/of mithril and of elven glass" --Bilbo
15 /* This file contains the top-level functions that are used to create, use
16 * and destroy a perl interpreter, plus the functions used by XS code to
17 * call back into perl. Note that it does not contain the actual main()
18 * function of the interpreter; that can be found in perlmain.c
23 * Be proud that perl(1) may proclaim:
24 * Setuid Perl scripts are safer than C programs ...
25 * Do not abandon (deprecate) suidperl. Do not advocate C wrappers.
27 * The flow was: perl starts, notices script is suid, execs suidperl with same
28 * arguments; suidperl opens script, checks many things, sets itself with
29 * right UID, execs perl with similar arguments but with script pre-opened on
30 * /dev/fd/xxx; perl checks script is as should be and does work. This was
31 * insecure: see perlsec(1) for many problems with this approach.
33 * The "correct" flow should be: perl starts, opens script and notices it is
34 * suid, checks many things, execs suidperl with similar arguments but with
35 * script on /dev/fd/xxx; suidperl checks script and /dev/fd/xxx object are
36 * same, checks arguments match #! line, sets itself with right UID, execs
37 * perl with same arguments; perl checks many things and does work.
39 * (Opening the script in perl instead of suidperl, we "lose" scripts that
40 * are readable to the target UID but not to the invoker. Where did
41 * unreadable scripts work anyway?)
43 * For now, suidperl and perl are pretty much the same large and cumbersome
44 * program, so suidperl can check its argument list (see comments elsewhere).
47 * Original bug report:
48 * http://bugs.perl.org/index.html?req=bug_id&bug_id=20010322.218
49 * http://rt.perl.org/rt2/Ticket/Display.html?id=6511
50 * Comments and discussion with Debian:
51 * http://bugs.debian.org/203426
52 * http://bugs.debian.org/220486
53 * Debian Security Advisory DSA 431-1 (does not fully fix problem):
54 * http://www.debian.org/security/2004/dsa-431
56 * http://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CAN-2003-0618
57 * Previous versions of this patch sent to perl5-porters:
58 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg71953.html
59 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75245.html
60 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75563.html
61 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75635.html
63 Paul Szabo - psz@maths.usyd.edu.au http://www.maths.usyd.edu.au:8000/u/psz/
64 School of Mathematics and Statistics University of Sydney 2006 Australia
68 * Use truthful, neat, specific error messages.
69 * Cannot always hide the truth; security must not depend on doing so.
73 * Use global(?), thread-local fdscript for easier checks.
74 * (I do not understand how we could possibly get a thread race:
75 * do not all threads go through the same initialization? Or in
76 * fact, are not threads started only after we get the script and
77 * so know what to do? Oh well, make things super-safe...)
81 #define PERL_IN_PERL_C
83 #include "patchlevel.h" /* for local_patches */
87 char *nw_get_sitelib(const char *pl);
90 /* XXX If this causes problems, set i_unistd=undef in the hint file. */
107 #if !defined(STANDARD_C) && !defined(HAS_GETENV_PROTOTYPE) && !defined(PERL_MICRO)
108 char *getenv (char *); /* Usually in <stdlib.h> */
111 static I32 read_e_script(pTHX_ int idx, SV *buf_sv, int maxlen);
119 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
126 S_init_tls_and_interp(PerlInterpreter *my_perl)
129 PERL_SET_INTERP(my_perl);
130 #if defined(USE_ITHREADS)
133 PERL_SET_THX(my_perl);
135 MUTEX_INIT(&PL_dollarzero_mutex);
139 PERL_SET_THX(my_perl);
143 #ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
145 perl_alloc_using(struct IPerlMem* ipM, struct IPerlMem* ipMS,
146 struct IPerlMem* ipMP, struct IPerlEnv* ipE,
147 struct IPerlStdIO* ipStd, struct IPerlLIO* ipLIO,
148 struct IPerlDir* ipD, struct IPerlSock* ipS,
149 struct IPerlProc* ipP)
151 PerlInterpreter *my_perl;
152 /* New() needs interpreter, so call malloc() instead */
153 my_perl = (PerlInterpreter*)(*ipM->pMalloc)(ipM, sizeof(PerlInterpreter));
154 S_init_tls_and_interp(my_perl);
155 Zero(my_perl, 1, PerlInterpreter);
171 =head1 Embedding Functions
173 =for apidoc perl_alloc
175 Allocates a new Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
183 PerlInterpreter *my_perl;
185 /* New() needs interpreter, so call malloc() instead */
186 my_perl = (PerlInterpreter*)PerlMem_malloc(sizeof(PerlInterpreter));
188 S_init_tls_and_interp(my_perl);
189 return (PerlInterpreter *) ZeroD(my_perl, 1, PerlInterpreter);
191 #endif /* PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS */
194 =for apidoc perl_construct
196 Initializes a new Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
202 perl_construct(pTHXx)
206 PL_perl_destruct_level = 1;
208 if (PL_perl_destruct_level > 0)
211 /* Init the real globals (and main thread)? */
213 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling; /* needed by ckWARN, right away */
215 PL_linestr = NEWSV(65,79);
216 sv_upgrade(PL_linestr,SVt_PVIV);
218 if (!SvREADONLY(&PL_sv_undef)) {
219 /* set read-only and try to insure than we wont see REFCNT==0
222 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_undef);
223 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_undef) = (~(U32)0)/2;
225 sv_setpv(&PL_sv_no,PL_No);
226 /* value lookup in void context - happens to have the side effect
227 of caching the numeric forms. */
230 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_no);
231 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_no) = (~(U32)0)/2;
233 sv_setpv(&PL_sv_yes,PL_Yes);
236 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_yes);
237 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_yes) = (~(U32)0)/2;
239 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_placeholder);
240 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_placeholder) = (~(U32)0)/2;
243 PL_sighandlerp = Perl_sighandler;
244 PL_pidstatus = newHV();
247 PL_rs = newSVpvn("\n", 1);
252 PL_lex_state = LEX_NOTPARSING;
258 SET_NUMERIC_STANDARD();
260 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
261 PL_localpatches = local_patches; /* For possible -v */
264 #ifdef HAVE_INTERP_INTERN
268 PerlIO_init(aTHX); /* Hook to IO system */
270 PL_fdpid = newAV(); /* for remembering popen pids by fd */
271 PL_modglobal = newHV(); /* pointers to per-interpreter module globals */
272 PL_errors = newSVpvn("",0);
273 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(0), "", 0); /* For regex debugging. */
274 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(1), "", 0); /* ext/re needs these */
275 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(2), "", 0); /* even without DEBUGGING. */
277 PL_regex_padav = newAV();
278 av_push(PL_regex_padav,(SV*)newAV()); /* First entry is an array of empty elements */
279 PL_regex_pad = AvARRAY(PL_regex_padav);
281 #ifdef USE_REENTRANT_API
282 Perl_reentrant_init(aTHX);
285 /* Note that strtab is a rather special HV. Assumptions are made
286 about not iterating on it, and not adding tie magic to it.
287 It is properly deallocated in perl_destruct() */
290 HvSHAREKEYS_off(PL_strtab); /* mandatory */
291 hv_ksplit(PL_strtab, 512);
293 #if defined(__DYNAMIC__) && (defined(NeXT) || defined(__NeXT__))
294 _dyld_lookup_and_bind
295 ("__environ", (unsigned long *) &environ_pointer, NULL);
299 # ifdef USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY
300 PL_origenviron = environ;
304 /* Use sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK) if available, if not
305 * available or if the sysconf() fails, use the HZ.
306 * BeOS has those, but returns the wrong value. */
307 #if defined(HAS_SYSCONF) && defined(_SC_CLK_TCK) && !defined(__BEOS__)
308 PL_clocktick = sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK);
309 if (PL_clocktick <= 0)
313 PL_stashcache = newHV();
315 PL_patchlevel = newSVpv(
316 Perl_form(aTHX_ "%d.%d.%d",
319 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION ), 0
326 =for apidoc nothreadhook
328 Stub that provides thread hook for perl_destruct when there are
335 Perl_nothreadhook(pTHX)
341 =for apidoc perl_destruct
343 Shuts down a Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
351 volatile int destruct_level; /* 0=none, 1=full, 2=full with checks */
354 /* wait for all pseudo-forked children to finish */
355 PERL_WAIT_FOR_CHILDREN;
357 destruct_level = PL_perl_destruct_level;
361 if ((s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL"))) {
362 const int i = atoi(s);
363 if (destruct_level < i)
370 if(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_DESTRUCT_END) {
375 if (PL_endav && !PL_minus_c)
376 call_list(PL_scopestack_ix, PL_endav);
382 /* Need to flush since END blocks can produce output */
385 if (CALL_FPTR(PL_threadhook)(aTHX)) {
386 /* Threads hook has vetoed further cleanup */
387 return STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
390 /* We must account for everything. */
392 /* Destroy the main CV and syntax tree */
394 /* ensure comppad/curpad to refer to main's pad */
395 if (CvPADLIST(PL_main_cv)) {
396 PAD_SET_CUR_NOSAVE(CvPADLIST(PL_main_cv), 1);
398 op_free(PL_main_root);
399 PL_main_root = Nullop;
401 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
402 PL_main_start = Nullop;
403 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_main_cv);
407 /* Tell PerlIO we are about to tear things apart in case
408 we have layers which are using resources that should
412 PerlIO_destruct(aTHX);
414 if (PL_sv_objcount) {
416 * Try to destruct global references. We do this first so that the
417 * destructors and destructees still exist. Some sv's might remain.
418 * Non-referenced objects are on their own.
424 /* unhook hooks which will soon be, or use, destroyed data */
425 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_warnhook);
426 PL_warnhook = Nullsv;
427 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_diehook);
430 /* call exit list functions */
431 while (PL_exitlistlen-- > 0)
432 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].fn(aTHX_ PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].ptr);
434 Safefree(PL_exitlist);
439 if (destruct_level == 0){
441 DEBUG_P(debprofdump());
443 #if defined(PERLIO_LAYERS)
444 /* No more IO - including error messages ! */
445 PerlIO_cleanup(aTHX);
448 /* The exit() function will do everything that needs doing. */
449 return STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
452 /* jettison our possibly duplicated environment */
453 /* if PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV is defined environ will not have been copied
454 * so we certainly shouldn't free it here
457 #if defined(USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY) && !defined(PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV)
458 if (environ != PL_origenviron && !PL_use_safe_putenv
460 /* only main thread can free environ[0] contents */
461 && PL_curinterp == aTHX
467 for (i = 0; environ[i]; i++)
468 safesysfree(environ[i]);
470 /* Must use safesysfree() when working with environ. */
471 safesysfree(environ);
473 environ = PL_origenviron;
476 #endif /* !PERL_MICRO */
478 /* reset so print() ends up where we expect */
482 /* the syntax tree is shared between clones
483 * so op_free(PL_main_root) only ReREFCNT_dec's
484 * REGEXPs in the parent interpreter
485 * we need to manually ReREFCNT_dec for the clones
488 I32 i = AvFILLp(PL_regex_padav) + 1;
489 SV **ary = AvARRAY(PL_regex_padav);
493 REGEXP *re = INT2PTR(REGEXP *,SvIVX(resv));
495 if (SvFLAGS(resv) & SVf_BREAK) {
496 /* this is PL_reg_curpm, already freed
497 * flag is set in regexec.c:S_regtry
499 SvFLAGS(resv) &= ~SVf_BREAK;
501 else if(SvREPADTMP(resv)) {
502 SvREPADTMP_off(resv);
509 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_regex_padav);
510 PL_regex_padav = Nullav;
514 SvREFCNT_dec((SV*) PL_stashcache);
515 PL_stashcache = NULL;
517 /* loosen bonds of global variables */
520 (void)PerlIO_close(PL_rsfp);
524 /* Filters for program text */
525 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rsfp_filters);
526 PL_rsfp_filters = Nullav;
529 PL_preprocess = FALSE;
535 PL_doswitches = FALSE;
536 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_OFF;
537 PL_doextract = FALSE;
538 PL_sawampersand = FALSE; /* must save all match strings */
541 Safefree(PL_inplace);
543 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_patchlevel);
546 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
547 PL_e_script = Nullsv;
552 /* magical thingies */
554 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ofs_sv); /* $, */
557 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ors_sv); /* $\ */
560 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rs); /* $/ */
563 PL_multiline = 0; /* $* */
564 Safefree(PL_osname); /* $^O */
567 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_statname);
568 PL_statname = Nullsv;
571 /* defgv, aka *_ should be taken care of elsewhere */
573 /* clean up after study() */
574 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_lastscream);
575 PL_lastscream = Nullsv;
576 Safefree(PL_screamfirst);
578 Safefree(PL_screamnext);
582 Safefree(PL_efloatbuf);
583 PL_efloatbuf = Nullch;
586 /* startup and shutdown function lists */
587 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_beginav);
588 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_beginav_save);
589 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_endav);
590 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_checkav);
591 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_checkav_save);
592 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_initav);
594 PL_beginav_save = Nullav;
597 PL_checkav_save = Nullav;
600 /* shortcuts just get cleared */
606 PL_argvoutgv = Nullgv;
608 PL_stderrgv = Nullgv;
609 PL_last_in_gv = Nullgv;
614 PL_DBsingle = Nullsv;
616 PL_DBsignal = Nullsv;
617 PL_DBassertion = Nullsv;
620 PL_debstash = Nullhv;
622 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_argvout_stack);
623 PL_argvout_stack = Nullav;
625 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_modglobal);
626 PL_modglobal = Nullhv;
627 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_preambleav);
628 PL_preambleav = Nullav;
629 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_subname);
631 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_linestr);
633 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_pidstatus);
634 PL_pidstatus = Nullhv;
635 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_toptarget);
636 PL_toptarget = Nullsv;
637 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_bodytarget);
638 PL_bodytarget = Nullsv;
639 PL_formtarget = Nullsv;
641 /* free locale stuff */
642 #ifdef USE_LOCALE_COLLATE
643 Safefree(PL_collation_name);
644 PL_collation_name = Nullch;
647 #ifdef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC
648 Safefree(PL_numeric_name);
649 PL_numeric_name = Nullch;
650 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_numeric_radix_sv);
651 PL_numeric_radix_sv = Nullsv;
654 /* clear utf8 character classes */
655 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alnum);
656 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alnumc);
657 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_ascii);
658 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alpha);
659 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_space);
660 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_cntrl);
661 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_graph);
662 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_digit);
663 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_upper);
664 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_lower);
665 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_print);
666 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_punct);
667 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_xdigit);
668 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_mark);
669 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_toupper);
670 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_totitle);
671 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_tolower);
672 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_tofold);
673 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_idstart);
674 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_idcont);
675 PL_utf8_alnum = Nullsv;
676 PL_utf8_alnumc = Nullsv;
677 PL_utf8_ascii = Nullsv;
678 PL_utf8_alpha = Nullsv;
679 PL_utf8_space = Nullsv;
680 PL_utf8_cntrl = Nullsv;
681 PL_utf8_graph = Nullsv;
682 PL_utf8_digit = Nullsv;
683 PL_utf8_upper = Nullsv;
684 PL_utf8_lower = Nullsv;
685 PL_utf8_print = Nullsv;
686 PL_utf8_punct = Nullsv;
687 PL_utf8_xdigit = Nullsv;
688 PL_utf8_mark = Nullsv;
689 PL_utf8_toupper = Nullsv;
690 PL_utf8_totitle = Nullsv;
691 PL_utf8_tolower = Nullsv;
692 PL_utf8_tofold = Nullsv;
693 PL_utf8_idstart = Nullsv;
694 PL_utf8_idcont = Nullsv;
696 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
697 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
698 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = Nullsv;
699 if (!specialCopIO(PL_compiling.cop_io))
700 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_io);
701 PL_compiling.cop_io = Nullsv;
702 CopFILE_free(&PL_compiling);
703 CopSTASH_free(&PL_compiling);
705 /* Prepare to destruct main symbol table. */
710 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_curstname);
711 PL_curstname = Nullsv;
713 /* clear queued errors */
714 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_errors);
718 if (destruct_level >= 2 && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL)) {
719 if (PL_scopestack_ix != 0)
720 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
721 "Unbalanced scopes: %ld more ENTERs than LEAVEs\n",
722 (long)PL_scopestack_ix);
723 if (PL_savestack_ix != 0)
724 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
725 "Unbalanced saves: %ld more saves than restores\n",
726 (long)PL_savestack_ix);
727 if (PL_tmps_floor != -1)
728 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Unbalanced tmps: %ld more allocs than frees\n",
729 (long)PL_tmps_floor + 1);
730 if (cxstack_ix != -1)
731 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Unbalanced context: %ld more PUSHes than POPs\n",
732 (long)cxstack_ix + 1);
735 /* Now absolutely destruct everything, somehow or other, loops or no. */
736 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) |= SVTYPEMASK; /* don't clean out pid table now */
737 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) |= SVTYPEMASK; /* don't clean out strtab now */
739 /* the 2 is for PL_fdpid and PL_strtab */
740 while (PL_sv_count > 2 && sv_clean_all())
743 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) &= ~SVTYPEMASK;
744 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) |= SVt_PVAV;
745 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) &= ~SVTYPEMASK;
746 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) |= SVt_PVHV;
748 AvREAL_off(PL_fdpid); /* no surviving entries */
749 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_fdpid); /* needed in io_close() */
752 #ifdef HAVE_INTERP_INTERN
756 /* Destruct the global string table. */
758 /* Yell and reset the HeVAL() slots that are still holding refcounts,
759 * so that sv_free() won't fail on them.
767 max = HvMAX(PL_strtab);
768 array = HvARRAY(PL_strtab);
771 if (hent && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL)) {
772 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
773 "Unbalanced string table refcount: (%d) for \"%s\"",
774 HeVAL(hent) - Nullsv, HeKEY(hent));
775 HeVAL(hent) = Nullsv;
785 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_strtab);
788 /* free the pointer table used for cloning */
789 ptr_table_free(PL_ptr_table);
790 PL_ptr_table = (PTR_TBL_t*)NULL;
793 /* free special SVs */
795 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_yes) = 0;
796 sv_clear(&PL_sv_yes);
797 SvANY(&PL_sv_yes) = NULL;
798 SvFLAGS(&PL_sv_yes) = 0;
800 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_no) = 0;
802 SvANY(&PL_sv_no) = NULL;
803 SvFLAGS(&PL_sv_no) = 0;
807 for (i=0; i<=2; i++) {
808 SvREFCNT(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = 0;
809 sv_clear(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i));
810 SvANY(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = NULL;
811 SvFLAGS(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = 0;
815 if (PL_sv_count != 0 && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
816 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Scalars leaked: %ld\n", (long)PL_sv_count);
818 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS
819 if (PL_sv_count != 0) {
824 for (sva = PL_sv_arenaroot; sva; sva = (SV*)SvANY(sva)) {
825 svend = &sva[SvREFCNT(sva)];
826 for (sv = sva + 1; sv < svend; ++sv) {
827 if (SvTYPE(sv) != SVTYPEMASK) {
828 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "leaked: sv=0x%p"
830 " refcnt=%"UVuf pTHX__FORMAT "\n"
831 "\tallocated at %s:%d %s %s%s\n",
832 sv, sv->sv_flags, sv->sv_refcnt pTHX__VALUE,
833 sv->sv_debug_file ? sv->sv_debug_file : "(unknown)",
835 sv->sv_debug_inpad ? "for" : "by",
836 sv->sv_debug_optype ?
837 PL_op_name[sv->sv_debug_optype]: "(none)",
838 sv->sv_debug_cloned ? " (cloned)" : ""
848 #if defined(PERLIO_LAYERS)
849 /* No more IO - including error messages ! */
850 PerlIO_cleanup(aTHX);
853 /* sv_undef needs to stay immortal until after PerlIO_cleanup
854 as currently layers use it rather than Nullsv as a marker
855 for no arg - and will try and SvREFCNT_dec it.
857 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_undef) = 0;
858 SvREADONLY_off(&PL_sv_undef);
860 Safefree(PL_origfilename);
861 PL_origfilename = Nullch;
862 Safefree(PL_reg_start_tmp);
863 PL_reg_start_tmp = (char**)NULL;
864 PL_reg_start_tmpl = 0;
866 Safefree(PL_reg_curpm);
867 Safefree(PL_reg_poscache);
869 Safefree(PL_op_mask);
870 Safefree(PL_psig_ptr);
871 PL_psig_ptr = (SV**)NULL;
872 Safefree(PL_psig_name);
873 PL_psig_name = (SV**)NULL;
874 Safefree(PL_bitcount);
875 PL_bitcount = Nullch;
876 Safefree(PL_psig_pend);
877 PL_psig_pend = (int*)NULL;
878 PL_formfeed = Nullsv;
883 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
884 PL_hints = 0; /* Reset hints. Should hints be per-interpreter ? */
887 DEBUG_P(debprofdump());
889 #ifdef USE_REENTRANT_API
890 Perl_reentrant_free(aTHX);
895 /* As the absolutely last thing, free the non-arena SV for mess() */
898 /* it could have accumulated taint magic */
899 if (SvTYPE(PL_mess_sv) >= SVt_PVMG) {
902 for (mg = SvMAGIC(PL_mess_sv); mg; mg = moremagic) {
903 moremagic = mg->mg_moremagic;
904 if (mg->mg_ptr && mg->mg_type != PERL_MAGIC_regex_global
906 Safefree(mg->mg_ptr);
910 /* we know that type >= SVt_PV */
911 SvOOK_off(PL_mess_sv);
912 Safefree(SvPVX(PL_mess_sv));
913 Safefree(SvANY(PL_mess_sv));
914 Safefree(PL_mess_sv);
917 return STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
921 =for apidoc perl_free
923 Releases a Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
931 #if defined(WIN32) || defined(NETWARE)
932 # if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS)
934 void *host = nw_internal_host;
936 void *host = w32_internal_host;
940 nw_delete_internal_host(host);
942 win32_delete_internal_host(host);
952 #if defined(USE_5005THREADS) || defined(USE_ITHREADS)
953 /* provide destructors to clean up the thread key when libperl is unloaded */
954 #ifndef WIN32 /* handled during DLL_PROCESS_DETACH in win32/perllib.c */
956 #if defined(__hpux) && !defined(__GNUC__)
957 #pragma fini "perl_fini"
960 #if defined(__GNUC__) && defined(__attribute__)
961 /* want to make sure __attribute__ works here even
962 * for -Dd_attribut=undef builds.
967 static void __attribute__((destructor))
978 Perl_call_atexit(pTHX_ ATEXIT_t fn, void *ptr)
980 Renew(PL_exitlist, PL_exitlistlen+1, PerlExitListEntry);
981 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].fn = fn;
982 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].ptr = ptr;
986 #ifdef HAS_PROCSELFEXE
987 /* This is a function so that we don't hold on to MAXPATHLEN
988 bytes of stack longer than necessary
991 S_procself_val(pTHX_ SV *sv, const char *arg0)
993 char buf[MAXPATHLEN];
994 int len = readlink(PROCSELFEXE_PATH, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);
996 /* On Playstation2 Linux V1.0 (kernel 2.2.1) readlink(/proc/self/exe)
997 includes a spurious NUL which will cause $^X to fail in system
998 or backticks (this will prevent extensions from being built and
999 many tests from working). readlink is not meant to add a NUL.
1000 Normal readlink works fine.
1002 if (len > 0 && buf[len-1] == '\0') {
1006 /* FreeBSD's implementation is acknowledged to be imperfect, sometimes
1007 returning the text "unknown" from the readlink rather than the path
1008 to the executable (or returning an error from the readlink). Any valid
1009 path has a '/' in it somewhere, so use that to validate the result.
1010 See http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/query-pr.cgi?pr=35703
1012 if (len > 0 && memchr(buf, '/', len)) {
1013 sv_setpvn(sv,buf,len);
1019 #endif /* HAS_PROCSELFEXE */
1022 S_set_caret_X(pTHX) {
1023 GV* tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("\030",TRUE, SVt_PV); /* $^X */
1025 #ifdef HAS_PROCSELFEXE
1026 S_procself_val(aTHX_ GvSV(tmpgv), PL_origargv[0]);
1029 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv), os2_execname(aTHX));
1031 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv),PL_origargv[0]);
1038 =for apidoc perl_parse
1040 Tells a Perl interpreter to parse a Perl script. See L<perlembed>.
1046 perl_parse(pTHXx_ XSINIT_t xsinit, int argc, char **argv, char **env)
1052 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
1055 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "suidperl is no longer needed since the kernel can now execute\n\
1056 setuid perl scripts securely.\n");
1057 #endif /* IAMSUID */
1060 #if defined(USE_HASH_SEED) || defined(USE_HASH_SEED_EXPLICIT)
1061 /* [perl #22371] Algorimic Complexity Attack on Perl 5.6.1, 5.8.0
1062 * This MUST be done before any hash stores or fetches take place.
1063 * If you set PL_rehash_seed (and assumedly also PL_rehash_seed_set)
1064 * yourself, it is your responsibility to provide a good random seed!
1065 * You can also define PERL_HASH_SEED in compile time, see hv.h. */
1066 if (!PL_rehash_seed_set)
1067 PL_rehash_seed = get_hash_seed();
1069 char *s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_HASH_SEED_DEBUG");
1075 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "HASH_SEED = %"UVuf"\n",
1079 #endif /* #if defined(USE_HASH_SEED) || defined(USE_HASH_SEED_EXPLICIT) */
1085 /* Set PL_origalen be the sum of the contiguous argv[]
1086 * elements plus the size of the env in case that it is
1087 * contiguous with the argv[]. This is used in mg.c:Perl_magic_set()
1088 * as the maximum modifiable length of $0. In the worst case
1089 * the area we are able to modify is limited to the size of
1090 * the original argv[0]. (See below for 'contiguous', though.)
1092 const char *s = NULL;
1095 ~(UV)(PTRSIZE == 4 ? 3 : PTRSIZE == 8 ? 7 : PTRSIZE == 16 ? 15 : 0);
1096 /* Do the mask check only if the args seem like aligned. */
1098 (mask < ~(UV)0) && ((PTR2UV(argv[0]) & mask) == PTR2UV(argv[0]));
1100 /* See if all the arguments are contiguous in memory. Note
1101 * that 'contiguous' is a loose term because some platforms
1102 * align the argv[] and the envp[]. If the arguments look
1103 * like non-aligned, assume that they are 'strictly' or
1104 * 'traditionally' contiguous. If the arguments look like
1105 * aligned, we just check that they are within aligned
1106 * PTRSIZE bytes. As long as no system has something bizarre
1107 * like the argv[] interleaved with some other data, we are
1108 * fine. (Did I just evoke Murphy's Law?) --jhi */
1109 if (PL_origargv && PL_origargc >= 1 && (s = PL_origargv[0])) {
1111 for (i = 1; i < PL_origargc; i++) {
1112 if ((PL_origargv[i] == s + 1
1114 || PL_origargv[i] == s + 2
1119 (PL_origargv[i] > s &&
1121 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1131 /* Can we grab env area too to be used as the area for $0? */
1132 if (PL_origenviron) {
1133 if ((PL_origenviron[0] == s + 1
1135 || (PL_origenviron[0] == s + 9 && (s += 8))
1140 (PL_origenviron[0] > s &&
1141 PL_origenviron[0] <=
1142 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1146 s = PL_origenviron[0];
1149 my_setenv("NoNe SuCh", Nullch);
1150 /* Force copy of environment. */
1151 for (i = 1; PL_origenviron[i]; i++) {
1152 if (PL_origenviron[i] == s + 1
1155 (PL_origenviron[i] > s &&
1156 PL_origenviron[i] <=
1157 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1160 s = PL_origenviron[i];
1168 PL_origalen = s - PL_origargv[0] + 1;
1173 /* Come here if running an undumped a.out. */
1175 PL_origfilename = savepv(argv[0]);
1176 PL_do_undump = FALSE;
1177 cxstack_ix = -1; /* start label stack again */
1179 assert (!PL_tainted);
1181 S_set_caret_X(aTHX);
1183 init_postdump_symbols(argc,argv,env);
1188 op_free(PL_main_root);
1189 PL_main_root = Nullop;
1191 PL_main_start = Nullop;
1192 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_main_cv);
1193 PL_main_cv = Nullcv;
1196 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
1197 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_OFF;
1202 parse_body(env,xsinit);
1204 call_list(oldscope, PL_checkav);
1211 /* my_exit() was called */
1212 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
1215 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
1217 call_list(oldscope, PL_checkav);
1218 ret = STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
1221 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: top_env\n");
1230 S_parse_body(pTHX_ char **env, XSINIT_t xsinit)
1232 int argc = PL_origargc;
1233 char **argv = PL_origargv;
1234 const char *scriptname = NULL;
1235 VOL bool dosearch = FALSE;
1236 const char *validarg = "";
1239 const char *cddir = Nullch;
1240 bool minus_f = FALSE;
1244 sv_setpvn(PL_linestr,"",0);
1245 sv = newSVpvn("",0); /* first used for -I flags */
1249 for (argc--,argv++; argc > 0; argc--,argv++) {
1250 if (argv[0][0] != '-' || !argv[0][1])
1254 validarg = " PHOOEY ";
1258 * Can we rely on the kernel to start scripts with argv[1] set to
1259 * contain all #! line switches (the whole line)? (argv[0] is set to
1260 * the interpreter name, argv[2] to the script name; argv[3] and
1261 * above may contain other arguments.)
1268 #ifndef PERL_STRICT_CR
1293 if ((s = moreswitches(s)))
1298 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('t');
1299 if( !PL_tainting ) {
1300 PL_taint_warn = TRUE;
1306 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('T');
1308 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
1313 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1314 /* ignore -e for Dev:Pseudo argument */
1315 if (argv[1] && !strcmp(argv[1], "Dev:Pseudo"))
1320 PL_e_script = newSVpvn("",0);
1321 filter_add(read_e_script, NULL);
1324 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, s);
1326 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, argv[1]);
1330 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No code specified for -e");
1331 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, "\n");
1339 case 'I': /* -I handled both here and in moreswitches() */
1341 if (!*++s && (s=argv[1]) != Nullch) {
1346 STRLEN len = strlen(s);
1347 p = savepvn(s, len);
1348 incpush(p, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE, FALSE);
1349 sv_catpvn(sv, "-I", 2);
1350 sv_catpvn(sv, p, len);
1351 sv_catpvn(sv, " ", 1);
1355 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No directory specified for -I");
1359 PL_preprocess = TRUE;
1369 PL_preambleav = newAV();
1370 av_push(PL_preambleav, newSVpv("use Config qw(myconfig config_vars)",0));
1374 PL_Sv = newSVpv("print myconfig();",0);
1376 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"print \"\\nCharacteristics of this PERLSHR image: \\n\",");
1378 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"print \"\\nCharacteristics of this binary (from libperl): \\n\",");
1380 opts = SvCUR(PL_Sv);
1382 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"\" Compile-time options:");
1384 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," DEBUGGING");
1386 # ifdef MULTIPLICITY
1387 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," MULTIPLICITY");
1389 # ifdef USE_5005THREADS
1390 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_5005THREADS");
1392 # ifdef USE_ITHREADS
1393 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_ITHREADS");
1395 # ifdef USE_64_BIT_INT
1396 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_64_BIT_INT");
1398 # ifdef USE_64_BIT_ALL
1399 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_64_BIT_ALL");
1401 # ifdef USE_LONG_DOUBLE
1402 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_LONG_DOUBLE");
1404 # ifdef USE_LARGE_FILES
1405 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_LARGE_FILES");
1408 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_SOCKS");
1410 # ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
1411 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_SITECUSTOMIZE");
1413 # ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
1414 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT");
1416 # ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
1417 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS");
1420 while (SvCUR(PL_Sv) > opts+76) {
1421 /* find last space after "options: " and before col 76 */
1424 char *pv = SvPV_nolen(PL_Sv);
1425 const char c = pv[opts+76];
1427 space = strrchr(pv+opts+26, ' ');
1429 if (!space) break; /* "Can't happen" */
1431 /* break the line before that space */
1434 sv_insert(PL_Sv, opts, 0,
1438 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"\\n\",");
1440 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
1441 if (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT > 0) {
1443 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"\" Locally applied patches:\\n\",");
1444 for (i = 1; i <= LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT; i++) {
1445 if (PL_localpatches[i])
1446 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ PL_Sv,"q%c\t%s\n%c,",
1447 0, PL_localpatches[i], 0);
1451 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ PL_Sv,"\" Built under %s\\n\"",OSNAME);
1454 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ PL_Sv,",\" Compiled at %s %s\\n\"",__DATE__,__TIME__);
1456 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ PL_Sv,",\" Compiled on %s\\n\"",__DATE__);
1459 sv_catpv(PL_Sv, "; \
1461 @env = map { \"$_=\\\"$ENV{$_}\\\"\" } sort grep {/^PERL/} keys %ENV; ");
1464 push @env, \"CYGWIN=\\\"$ENV{CYGWIN}\\\"\";");
1467 print \" \\%ENV:\\n @env\\n\" if @env; \
1468 print \" \\@INC:\\n @INC\\n\";");
1471 PL_Sv = newSVpv("config_vars(qw(",0);
1472 sv_catpv(PL_Sv, ++s);
1473 sv_catpv(PL_Sv, "))");
1476 av_push(PL_preambleav, PL_Sv);
1477 scriptname = BIT_BUCKET; /* don't look for script or read stdin */
1480 PL_doextract = TRUE;
1488 if (!*++s || isSPACE(*s)) {
1492 /* catch use of gnu style long options */
1493 if (strEQ(s, "version")) {
1497 if (strEQ(s, "help")) {
1504 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Unrecognized switch: -%s (-h will show valid options)",s);
1510 #ifndef SECURE_INTERNAL_GETENV
1513 (s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL5OPT")))
1515 const char *popt = s;
1518 if (*s == '-' && *(s+1) == 'T') {
1519 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('T');
1521 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
1524 char *popt_copy = Nullch;
1537 if (!strchr("DIMUdmtwA", *s))
1538 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Illegal switch in PERL5OPT: -%c", *s);
1542 popt_copy = SvPVX(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(popt,0)));
1543 s = popt_copy + (s - popt);
1544 d = popt_copy + (d - popt);
1551 if( !PL_tainting ) {
1552 PL_taint_warn = TRUE;
1562 #ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
1565 PL_preambleav = newAV();
1566 av_unshift(PL_preambleav, 1);
1567 (void)av_store(PL_preambleav, 0, Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "BEGIN { do '%s/sitecustomize.pl' }", SITELIB_EXP));
1571 if (PL_taint_warn && PL_dowarn != G_WARN_ALL_OFF) {
1572 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = newSVpvn(WARN_TAINTstring, WARNsize);
1576 scriptname = argv[0];
1579 scriptname = BIT_BUCKET; /* don't look for script or read stdin */
1581 else if (scriptname == Nullch) {
1583 if ( PerlLIO_isatty(PerlIO_fileno(PerlIO_stdin())) )
1589 /* Set $^X early so that it can be used for relocatable paths in @INC */
1590 assert (!PL_tainted);
1592 S_set_caret_X(aTHX);
1596 open_script(scriptname,dosearch,sv);
1598 validate_suid(validarg, scriptname);
1601 #if defined(SIGCHLD) || defined(SIGCLD)
1604 # define SIGCHLD SIGCLD
1606 Sighandler_t sigstate = rsignal_state(SIGCHLD);
1607 if (sigstate == SIG_IGN) {
1608 if (ckWARN(WARN_SIGNAL))
1609 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_SIGNAL),
1610 "Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default");
1611 (void)rsignal(SIGCHLD, (Sighandler_t)SIG_DFL);
1617 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1618 if (PL_doextract || gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
1623 if (cddir && PerlDir_chdir( (char *)cddir ) < 0)
1624 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't chdir to %s",cddir);
1628 PL_main_cv = PL_compcv = (CV*)NEWSV(1104,0);
1629 sv_upgrade((SV *)PL_compcv, SVt_PVCV);
1630 CvUNIQUE_on(PL_compcv);
1632 CvPADLIST(PL_compcv) = pad_new(0);
1633 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
1634 CvOWNER(PL_compcv) = 0;
1635 New(666, CvMUTEXP(PL_compcv), 1, perl_mutex);
1636 MUTEX_INIT(CvMUTEXP(PL_compcv));
1637 #endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
1640 boot_core_UNIVERSAL();
1641 boot_core_xsutils();
1644 (*xsinit)(aTHX); /* in case linked C routines want magical variables */
1646 #if defined(VMS) || defined(WIN32) || defined(DJGPP) || defined(__CYGWIN__) || defined(EPOC)
1652 # ifdef HAS_SOCKS5_INIT
1653 socks5_init(argv[0]);
1659 init_predump_symbols();
1660 /* init_postdump_symbols not currently designed to be called */
1661 /* more than once (ENV isn't cleared first, for example) */
1662 /* But running with -u leaves %ENV & @ARGV undefined! XXX */
1664 init_postdump_symbols(argc,argv,env);
1666 /* PL_unicode is turned on by -C or by $ENV{PERL_UNICODE}.
1667 * PL_utf8locale is conditionally turned on by
1668 * locale.c:Perl_init_i18nl10n() if the environment
1669 * look like the user wants to use UTF-8. */
1671 /* Requires init_predump_symbols(). */
1672 if (!(PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_LOCALE_FLAG) || PL_utf8locale) {
1677 /* Turn on UTF-8-ness on STDIN, STDOUT, STDERR
1678 * and the default open disciplines. */
1679 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDIN_FLAG) &&
1680 PL_stdingv && (io = GvIO(PL_stdingv)) &&
1682 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
1683 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDOUT_FLAG) &&
1684 PL_defoutgv && (io = GvIO(PL_defoutgv)) &&
1686 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
1687 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDERR_FLAG) &&
1688 PL_stderrgv && (io = GvIO(PL_stderrgv)) &&
1690 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
1691 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_INOUT_FLAG) &&
1692 (sv = GvSV(gv_fetchpv("\017PEN", TRUE, SVt_PV)))) {
1693 U32 in = PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_IN_FLAG;
1694 U32 out = PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_OUT_FLAG;
1697 sv_setpvn(sv, ":utf8\0:utf8", 11);
1699 sv_setpvn(sv, ":utf8\0", 6);
1702 sv_setpvn(sv, "\0:utf8", 6);
1708 if ((s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_SIGNALS"))) {
1709 if (strEQ(s, "unsafe"))
1710 PL_signals |= PERL_SIGNALS_UNSAFE_FLAG;
1711 else if (strEQ(s, "safe"))
1712 PL_signals &= ~PERL_SIGNALS_UNSAFE_FLAG;
1714 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "PERL_SIGNALS illegal: \"%s\"", s);
1719 /* now parse the script */
1721 SETERRNO(0,SS_NORMAL);
1723 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1724 if (gMacPerl_SyntaxError = (yyparse() || PL_error_count)) {
1726 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s had compilation errors.\n", MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
1728 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Execution of %s aborted due to compilation errors.\n",
1729 MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
1733 if (yyparse() || PL_error_count) {
1735 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s had compilation errors.\n", PL_origfilename);
1737 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Execution of %s aborted due to compilation errors.\n",
1742 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, 0);
1743 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
1744 PL_preprocess = FALSE;
1746 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
1747 PL_e_script = Nullsv;
1754 SAVECOPFILE(PL_curcop);
1755 SAVECOPLINE(PL_curcop);
1756 gv_check(PL_defstash);
1763 if ((s=PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS")) && atoi(s) >= 2)
1764 dump_mstats("after compilation:");
1773 =for apidoc perl_run
1775 Tells a Perl interpreter to run. See L<perlembed>.
1787 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
1795 cxstack_ix = -1; /* start context stack again */
1797 case 0: /* normal completion */
1801 case 2: /* my_exit() */
1802 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
1805 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
1806 if (!(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_DESTRUCT_END) &&
1807 PL_endav && !PL_minus_c)
1808 call_list(oldscope, PL_endav);
1810 if (PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS"))
1811 dump_mstats("after execution: ");
1813 ret = STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
1817 POPSTACK_TO(PL_mainstack);
1820 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: restartop\n");
1832 S_run_body(pTHX_ I32 oldscope)
1834 DEBUG_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "%s $` $& $' support.\n",
1835 PL_sawampersand ? "Enabling" : "Omitting"));
1837 if (!PL_restartop) {
1838 DEBUG_x(dump_all());
1840 PERL_DEBUG(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "\nEXECUTING...\n\n"));
1841 DEBUG_S(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "main thread is 0x%"UVxf"\n",
1845 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1846 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "%s%s syntax OK\n",
1847 (gMacPerl_ErrorFormat ? "# " : ""),
1848 MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
1850 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "%s syntax OK\n", PL_origfilename);
1854 if (PERLDB_SINGLE && PL_DBsingle)
1855 sv_setiv(PL_DBsingle, 1);
1857 call_list(oldscope, PL_initav);
1863 PL_op = PL_restartop;
1867 else if (PL_main_start) {
1868 CvDEPTH(PL_main_cv) = 1;
1869 PL_op = PL_main_start;
1878 =head1 SV Manipulation Functions
1880 =for apidoc p||get_sv
1882 Returns the SV of the specified Perl scalar. If C<create> is set and the
1883 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
1884 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
1890 Perl_get_sv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
1893 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
1894 if (name[1] == '\0' && !isALPHA(name[0])) {
1895 PADOFFSET tmp = find_threadsv(name);
1896 if (tmp != NOT_IN_PAD)
1897 return THREADSV(tmp);
1899 #endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
1900 gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PV);
1907 =head1 Array Manipulation Functions
1909 =for apidoc p||get_av
1911 Returns the AV of the specified Perl array. If C<create> is set and the
1912 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
1913 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
1919 Perl_get_av(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
1921 GV* gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVAV);
1930 =head1 Hash Manipulation Functions
1932 =for apidoc p||get_hv
1934 Returns the HV of the specified Perl hash. If C<create> is set and the
1935 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
1936 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
1942 Perl_get_hv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
1944 GV* gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVHV);
1953 =head1 CV Manipulation Functions
1955 =for apidoc p||get_cv
1957 Returns the CV of the specified Perl subroutine. If C<create> is set and
1958 the Perl subroutine does not exist then it will be declared (which has the
1959 same effect as saying C<sub name;>). If C<create> is not set and the
1960 subroutine does not exist then NULL is returned.
1966 Perl_get_cv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
1968 GV* gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVCV);
1969 /* XXX unsafe for threads if eval_owner isn't held */
1970 /* XXX this is probably not what they think they're getting.
1971 * It has the same effect as "sub name;", i.e. just a forward
1973 if (create && !GvCVu(gv))
1974 return newSUB(start_subparse(FALSE, 0),
1975 newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSVpv(name,0)),
1983 /* Be sure to refetch the stack pointer after calling these routines. */
1987 =head1 Callback Functions
1989 =for apidoc p||call_argv
1991 Performs a callback to the specified Perl sub. See L<perlcall>.
1997 Perl_call_argv(pTHX_ const char *sub_name, I32 flags, register char **argv)
1999 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2000 /* null terminated arg list */
2007 XPUSHs(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(*argv,0)));
2012 return call_pv(sub_name, flags);
2016 =for apidoc p||call_pv
2018 Performs a callback to the specified Perl sub. See L<perlcall>.
2024 Perl_call_pv(pTHX_ const char *sub_name, I32 flags)
2025 /* name of the subroutine */
2026 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2028 return call_sv((SV*)get_cv(sub_name, TRUE), flags);
2032 =for apidoc p||call_method
2034 Performs a callback to the specified Perl method. The blessed object must
2035 be on the stack. See L<perlcall>.
2041 Perl_call_method(pTHX_ const char *methname, I32 flags)
2042 /* name of the subroutine */
2043 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2045 return call_sv(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(methname,0)), flags | G_METHOD);
2048 /* May be called with any of a CV, a GV, or an SV containing the name. */
2050 =for apidoc p||call_sv
2052 Performs a callback to the Perl sub whose name is in the SV. See
2059 Perl_call_sv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
2060 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2063 LOGOP myop; /* fake syntax tree node */
2066 volatile I32 retval = 0;
2068 bool oldcatch = CATCH_GET;
2073 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2078 Zero(&myop, 1, LOGOP);
2079 myop.op_next = Nullop;
2080 if (!(flags & G_NOARGS))
2081 myop.op_flags |= OPf_STACKED;
2082 myop.op_flags |= ((flags & G_VOID) ? OPf_WANT_VOID :
2083 (flags & G_ARRAY) ? OPf_WANT_LIST :
2088 EXTEND(PL_stack_sp, 1);
2089 *++PL_stack_sp = sv;
2091 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
2093 if (PERLDB_SUB && PL_curstash != PL_debstash
2094 /* Handle first BEGIN of -d. */
2095 && (PL_DBcv || (PL_DBcv = GvCV(PL_DBsub)))
2096 /* Try harder, since this may have been a sighandler, thus
2097 * curstash may be meaningless. */
2098 && (SvTYPE(sv) != SVt_PVCV || CvSTASH((CV*)sv) != PL_debstash)
2099 && !(flags & G_NODEBUG))
2100 PL_op->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_DB;
2102 if (flags & G_METHOD) {
2103 Zero(&method_op, 1, UNOP);
2104 method_op.op_next = PL_op;
2105 method_op.op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_METHOD];
2106 myop.op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_ENTERSUB];
2107 PL_op = (OP*)&method_op;
2110 if (!(flags & G_EVAL)) {
2112 call_body((OP*)&myop, FALSE);
2113 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2114 CATCH_SET(oldcatch);
2117 myop.op_other = (OP*)&myop;
2119 /* we're trying to emulate pp_entertry() here */
2121 register PERL_CONTEXT *cx;
2122 I32 gimme = GIMME_V;
2127 PUSHBLOCK(cx, (CXt_EVAL|CXp_TRYBLOCK), PL_stack_sp);
2129 PL_eval_root = PL_op; /* Only needed so that goto works right. */
2131 PL_in_eval = EVAL_INEVAL;
2132 if (flags & G_KEEPERR)
2133 PL_in_eval |= EVAL_KEEPERR;
2143 call_body((OP*)&myop, FALSE);
2144 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2145 if (!(flags & G_KEEPERR))
2152 /* my_exit() was called */
2153 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2156 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED))
2157 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Callback called exit");
2162 PL_op = PL_restartop;
2166 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2167 if (flags & G_ARRAY)
2171 *++PL_stack_sp = &PL_sv_undef;
2176 if (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope) {
2180 register PERL_CONTEXT *cx;
2191 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2192 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2202 S_call_body(pTHX_ const OP *myop, bool is_eval)
2204 if (PL_op == myop) {
2206 PL_op = Perl_pp_entereval(aTHX); /* this doesn't do a POPMARK */
2208 PL_op = Perl_pp_entersub(aTHX); /* this does */
2214 /* Eval a string. The G_EVAL flag is always assumed. */
2217 =for apidoc p||eval_sv
2219 Tells Perl to C<eval> the string in the SV.
2225 Perl_eval_sv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
2227 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2230 UNOP myop; /* fake syntax tree node */
2231 volatile I32 oldmark = SP - PL_stack_base;
2232 volatile I32 retval = 0;
2238 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2245 Zero(PL_op, 1, UNOP);
2246 EXTEND(PL_stack_sp, 1);
2247 *++PL_stack_sp = sv;
2248 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
2250 if (!(flags & G_NOARGS))
2251 myop.op_flags = OPf_STACKED;
2252 myop.op_next = Nullop;
2253 myop.op_type = OP_ENTEREVAL;
2254 myop.op_flags |= ((flags & G_VOID) ? OPf_WANT_VOID :
2255 (flags & G_ARRAY) ? OPf_WANT_LIST :
2257 if (flags & G_KEEPERR)
2258 myop.op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL;
2260 /* fail now; otherwise we could fail after the JMPENV_PUSH but
2261 * before a PUSHEVAL, which corrupts the stack after a croak */
2262 TAINT_PROPER("eval_sv()");
2268 call_body((OP*)&myop,TRUE);
2269 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2270 if (!(flags & G_KEEPERR))
2277 /* my_exit() was called */
2278 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2281 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED))
2282 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Callback called exit");
2287 PL_op = PL_restartop;
2291 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2292 if (flags & G_ARRAY)
2296 *++PL_stack_sp = &PL_sv_undef;
2302 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2303 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2313 =for apidoc p||eval_pv
2315 Tells Perl to C<eval> the given string and return an SV* result.
2321 Perl_eval_pv(pTHX_ const char *p, I32 croak_on_error)
2324 SV* sv = newSVpv(p, 0);
2326 eval_sv(sv, G_SCALAR);
2333 if (croak_on_error && SvTRUE(ERRSV)) {
2335 Perl_croak(aTHX_ SvPVx(ERRSV, n_a));
2341 /* Require a module. */
2344 =head1 Embedding Functions
2346 =for apidoc p||require_pv
2348 Tells Perl to C<require> the file named by the string argument. It is
2349 analogous to the Perl code C<eval "require '$file'">. It's even
2350 implemented that way; consider using load_module instead.
2355 Perl_require_pv(pTHX_ const char *pv)
2359 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_REQUIRE);
2361 sv = sv_newmortal();
2362 sv_setpv(sv, "require '");
2365 eval_sv(sv, G_DISCARD);
2371 Perl_magicname(pTHX_ const char *sym, const char *name, I32 namlen)
2375 if ((gv = gv_fetchpv(sym,TRUE, SVt_PV)))
2376 sv_magic(GvSV(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, namlen);
2380 S_usage(pTHX_ const char *name) /* XXX move this out into a module ? */
2382 /* This message really ought to be max 23 lines.
2383 * Removed -h because the user already knows that option. Others? */
2385 static const char *usage_msg[] = {
2386 "-0[octal] specify record separator (\\0, if no argument)",
2387 "-a autosplit mode with -n or -p (splits $_ into @F)",
2388 "-C[number/list] enables the listed Unicode features",
2389 "-c check syntax only (runs BEGIN and CHECK blocks)",
2390 "-d[:debugger] run program under debugger",
2391 "-D[number/list] set debugging flags (argument is a bit mask or alphabets)",
2392 "-e program one line of program (several -e's allowed, omit programfile)",
2393 "-f don't do $sitelib/sitecustomize.pl at startup",
2394 "-F/pattern/ split() pattern for -a switch (//'s are optional)",
2395 "-i[extension] edit <> files in place (makes backup if extension supplied)",
2396 "-Idirectory specify @INC/#include directory (several -I's allowed)",
2397 "-l[octal] enable line ending processing, specifies line terminator",
2398 "-[mM][-]module execute `use/no module...' before executing program",
2399 "-n assume 'while (<>) { ... }' loop around program",
2400 "-p assume loop like -n but print line also, like sed",
2401 "-P run program through C preprocessor before compilation",
2402 "-s enable rudimentary parsing for switches after programfile",
2403 "-S look for programfile using PATH environment variable",
2404 "-t enable tainting warnings",
2405 "-T enable tainting checks",
2406 "-u dump core after parsing program",
2407 "-U allow unsafe operations",
2408 "-v print version, subversion (includes VERY IMPORTANT perl info)",
2409 "-V[:variable] print configuration summary (or a single Config.pm variable)",
2410 "-w enable many useful warnings (RECOMMENDED)",
2411 "-W enable all warnings",
2412 "-x[directory] strip off text before #!perl line and perhaps cd to directory",
2413 "-X disable all warnings",
2417 const char **p = usage_msg;
2419 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2420 "\nUsage: %s [switches] [--] [programfile] [arguments]",
2423 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(), "\n %s", *p++);
2426 /* convert a string of -D options (or digits) into an int.
2427 * sets *s to point to the char after the options */
2431 Perl_get_debug_opts(pTHX_ const char **s, bool givehelp)
2433 static const char *usage_msgd[] = {
2434 " Debugging flag values: (see also -d)",
2435 " p Tokenizing and parsing (with v, displays parse stack)",
2436 " s Stack snapshots (with v, displays all stacks)",
2437 " l Context (loop) stack processing",
2438 " t Trace execution",
2439 " o Method and overloading resolution",
2440 " c String/numeric conversions",
2441 " P Print profiling info, preprocessor command for -P, source file input state",
2442 " m Memory allocation",
2443 " f Format processing",
2444 " r Regular expression parsing and execution",
2445 " x Syntax tree dump",
2446 " u Tainting checks",
2447 " H Hash dump -- usurps values()",
2448 " X Scratchpad allocation",
2450 " S Thread synchronization",
2452 " R Include reference counts of dumped variables (eg when using -Ds)",
2453 " J Do not s,t,P-debug (Jump over) opcodes within package DB",
2454 " v Verbose: use in conjunction with other flags",
2456 " A Consistency checks on internal structures",
2457 " q quiet - currently only suppresses the 'EXECUTING' message",
2462 /* if adding extra options, remember to update DEBUG_MASK */
2463 static const char debopts[] = "psltocPmfrxu HXDSTRJvCAq";
2465 for (; isALNUM(**s); (*s)++) {
2466 const char *d = strchr(debopts,**s);
2468 i |= 1 << (d - debopts);
2469 else if (ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
2470 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
2471 "invalid option -D%c, use -D'' to see choices\n", **s);
2474 else if (isDIGIT(**s)) {
2476 for (; isALNUM(**s); (*s)++) ;
2478 else if (givehelp) {
2479 const char **p = usage_msgd;
2480 while (*p) PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(), "%s\n", *p++);
2483 if ((i & DEBUG_p_FLAG) && ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
2484 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
2485 "-Dp not implemented on this platform\n");
2491 /* This routine handles any switches that can be given during run */
2494 Perl_moreswitches(pTHX_ char *s)
2504 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rs);
2505 if (s[1] == 'x' && s[2]) {
2509 for (s += 2, e = s; *e; e++);
2511 flags = PERL_SCAN_SILENT_ILLDIGIT;
2512 rschar = (U32)grok_hex(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
2513 if (s + numlen < e) {
2514 rschar = 0; /* Grandfather -0xFOO as -0 -xFOO. */
2518 PL_rs = newSVpvn("", 0);
2519 SvGROW(PL_rs, (STRLEN)(UNISKIP(rschar) + 1));
2520 tmps = (U8*)SvPVX(PL_rs);
2521 uvchr_to_utf8(tmps, rschar);
2522 SvCUR_set(PL_rs, UNISKIP(rschar));
2527 rschar = (U32)grok_oct(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
2528 if (rschar & ~((U8)~0))
2529 PL_rs = &PL_sv_undef;
2530 else if (!rschar && numlen >= 2)
2531 PL_rs = newSVpvn("", 0);
2533 char ch = (char)rschar;
2534 PL_rs = newSVpvn(&ch, 1);
2537 sv_setsv(get_sv("/", TRUE), PL_rs);
2542 PL_unicode = parse_unicode_opts( (const char **)&s );
2547 while (*s && !isSPACE(*s)) ++s;
2549 PL_splitstr = savepv(PL_splitstr);
2563 /* -dt indicates to the debugger that threads will be used */
2564 if (*s == 't' && !isALNUM(s[1])) {
2566 my_setenv("PERL5DB_THREADED", "1");
2569 /* The following permits -d:Mod to accepts arguments following an =
2570 in the fashion that -MSome::Mod does. */
2571 if (*s == ':' || *s == '=') {
2574 sv = newSVpv("use Devel::", 0);
2576 /* We now allow -d:Module=Foo,Bar */
2577 while(isALNUM(*s) || *s==':') ++s;
2579 sv_catpv(sv, start);
2581 sv_catpvn(sv, start, s-start);
2582 sv_catpv(sv, " split(/,/,q{");
2587 my_setenv("PERL5DB", SvPV(sv, PL_na));
2590 PL_perldb = PERLDB_ALL;
2599 PL_debug = get_debug_opts( (const char **)&s, 1) | DEBUG_TOP_FLAG;
2600 #else /* !DEBUGGING */
2601 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
2602 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
2603 "Recompile perl with -DDEBUGGING to use -D switch (did you mean -d ?)\n");
2604 for (s++; isALNUM(*s); s++) ;
2610 usage(PL_origargv[0]);
2614 Safefree(PL_inplace);
2615 #if defined(__CYGWIN__) /* do backup extension automagically */
2616 if (*(s+1) == '\0') {
2617 PL_inplace = savepv(".bak");
2620 #endif /* __CYGWIN__ */
2621 PL_inplace = savepv(s+1);
2623 for (s = PL_inplace; *s && !isSPACE(*s); s++) ;
2626 if (*s == '-') /* Additional switches on #! line. */
2630 case 'I': /* -I handled both here and in parse_body() */
2633 while (*s && isSPACE(*s))
2638 /* ignore trailing spaces (possibly followed by other switches) */
2640 for (e = p; *e && !isSPACE(*e); e++) ;
2644 } while (*p && *p != '-');
2645 e = savepvn(s, e-s);
2646 incpush(e, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE, FALSE);
2653 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No directory specified for -I");
2659 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ors_sv);
2664 PL_ors_sv = newSVpvn("\n",1);
2665 numlen = 3 + (*s == '0');
2666 *SvPVX(PL_ors_sv) = (char)grok_oct(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
2670 if (RsPARA(PL_rs)) {
2671 PL_ors_sv = newSVpvn("\n\n",2);
2674 PL_ors_sv = newSVsv(PL_rs);
2681 PL_preambleav = newAV();
2683 SV *sv = newSVpv("use assertions::activate split(/,/,q", 0);
2684 sv_catpvn(sv, "\0", 1); /* Use NUL as q//-delimiter. */
2686 sv_catpvn(sv, "\0)", 2);
2688 av_push(PL_preambleav, sv);
2691 av_push(PL_preambleav, newSVpvn("use assertions::activate",24));
2694 forbid_setid("-M"); /* XXX ? */
2697 forbid_setid("-m"); /* XXX ? */
2701 const char *use = "use ";
2702 /* -M-foo == 'no foo' */
2703 if (*s == '-') { use = "no "; ++s; }
2704 sv = newSVpv(use,0);
2706 /* We allow -M'Module qw(Foo Bar)' */
2707 while(isALNUM(*s) || *s==':') ++s;
2709 sv_catpv(sv, start);
2710 if (*(start-1) == 'm') {
2712 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use '%c' after -mname", *s);
2713 sv_catpv( sv, " ()");
2717 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Module name required with -%c option",
2719 sv_catpvn(sv, start, s-start);
2720 sv_catpv(sv, " split(/,/,q");
2721 sv_catpvn(sv, "\0)", 1); /* Use NUL as q//-delimiter. */
2723 sv_catpvn(sv, "\0)", 2);
2727 PL_preambleav = newAV();
2728 av_push(PL_preambleav, sv);
2731 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Missing argument to -%c", *(s-1));
2743 PL_doswitches = TRUE;
2757 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2758 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Believe me, you don't want to use \"-u\" on a Macintosh");
2760 PL_do_undump = TRUE;
2768 if (!sv_derived_from(PL_patchlevel, "version"))
2769 (void *)upg_version(PL_patchlevel);
2771 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2772 Perl_form(aTHX_ "\nThis is perl, v%"SVf" built for %s",
2773 vstringify(PL_patchlevel),
2776 /* Adjust verbose output as in the perl that ships with the DG/UX OS from EMC */
2777 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2778 Perl_form(aTHX_ "\nThis is perl, v%"SVf"\n",
2779 vstringify(PL_patchlevel)));
2780 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2781 Perl_form(aTHX_ " built under %s at %s %s\n",
2782 OSNAME, __DATE__, __TIME__));
2783 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2784 Perl_form(aTHX_ " OS Specific Release: %s\n",
2788 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
2789 if (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT > 0)
2790 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2791 "\n(with %d registered patch%s, "
2792 "see perl -V for more detail)",
2793 (int)LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT,
2794 (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT!=1) ? "es" : "");
2797 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2798 "\n\nCopyright 1987-2005, Larry Wall\n");
2799 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2800 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2801 "\nMac OS port Copyright 1991-2002, Matthias Neeracher;\n"
2802 "maintained by Chris Nandor\n");
2805 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2806 "\nMS-DOS port Copyright (c) 1989, 1990, Diomidis Spinellis\n");
2809 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2810 "djgpp v2 port (jpl5003c) by Hirofumi Watanabe, 1996\n"
2811 "djgpp v2 port (perl5004+) by Laszlo Molnar, 1997-1999\n");
2814 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2815 "\n\nOS/2 port Copyright (c) 1990, 1991, Raymond Chen, Kai Uwe Rommel\n"
2816 "Version 5 port Copyright (c) 1994-2002, Andreas Kaiser, Ilya Zakharevich\n");
2819 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2820 "atariST series port, ++jrb bammi@cadence.com\n");
2823 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2824 "BeOS port Copyright Tom Spindler, 1997-1999\n");
2827 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2828 "MPE/iX port Copyright by Mark Klein and Mark Bixby, 1996-2003\n");
2831 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2832 "MVS (OS390) port by Mortice Kern Systems, 1997-1999\n");
2835 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2836 "Stratus VOS port by Paul.Green@stratus.com, 1997-2002\n");
2839 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2840 "VM/ESA port by Neale Ferguson, 1998-1999\n");
2843 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2844 "BS2000 (POSIX) port by Start Amadeus GmbH, 1998-1999\n");
2847 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2848 "MiNT port by Guido Flohr, 1997-1999\n");
2851 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2852 "EPOC port by Olaf Flebbe, 1999-2002\n");
2855 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),"WINCE port by Rainer Keuchel, 2001-2002\n");
2856 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),"Built on " __DATE__ " " __TIME__ "\n\n");
2859 #ifdef BINARY_BUILD_NOTICE
2860 BINARY_BUILD_NOTICE;
2862 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2864 Perl may be copied only under the terms of either the Artistic License or the\n\
2865 GNU General Public License, which may be found in the Perl 5 source kit.\n\n\
2866 Complete documentation for Perl, including FAQ lists, should be found on\n\
2867 this system using `man perl' or `perldoc perl'. If you have access to the\n\
2868 Internet, point your browser at http://www.perl.org/, the Perl Home Page.\n\n");
2871 if (! (PL_dowarn & G_WARN_ALL_MASK))
2872 PL_dowarn |= G_WARN_ON;
2876 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_ALL_ON|G_WARN_ON;
2877 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
2878 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
2879 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = pWARN_ALL ;
2883 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_ALL_OFF;
2884 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
2885 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
2886 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = pWARN_NONE ;
2891 if (s[1] == '-') /* Additional switches on #! line. */
2896 #if defined(WIN32) || !defined(PERL_STRICT_CR)
2902 #ifdef ALTERNATE_SHEBANG
2903 case 'S': /* OS/2 needs -S on "extproc" line. */
2911 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't emulate -%.1s on #! line",s);
2916 /* compliments of Tom Christiansen */
2918 /* unexec() can be found in the Gnu emacs distribution */
2919 /* Known to work with -DUNEXEC and using unexelf.c from GNU emacs-20.2 */
2922 Perl_my_unexec(pTHX)
2930 prog = newSVpv(BIN_EXP, 0);
2931 sv_catpv(prog, "/perl");
2932 file = newSVpv(PL_origfilename, 0);
2933 sv_catpv(file, ".perldump");
2935 unexec(SvPVX(file), SvPVX(prog), &etext, sbrk(0), 0);
2936 /* unexec prints msg to stderr in case of failure */
2937 PerlProc_exit(status);
2940 # include <lib$routines.h>
2941 lib$signal(SS$_DEBUG); /* ssdef.h #included from vmsish.h */
2943 ABORT(); /* for use with undump */
2948 /* initialize curinterp */
2954 # define PERLVAR(var,type)
2955 # define PERLVARA(var,n,type)
2956 # if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
2957 # if defined(USE_5005THREADS)
2958 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
2959 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
2960 # else /* !USE_5005THREADS */
2961 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) aTHX->var = init;
2962 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) aTHX->var = init;
2963 # endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
2965 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
2966 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
2968 # include "intrpvar.h"
2969 # ifndef USE_5005THREADS
2970 # include "thrdvar.h"
2977 # define PERLVAR(var,type)
2978 # define PERLVARA(var,n,type)
2979 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PL_##var = init;
2980 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PL_##var = init;
2981 # include "intrpvar.h"
2982 # ifndef USE_5005THREADS
2983 # include "thrdvar.h"
2994 S_init_main_stash(pTHX)
2998 PL_curstash = PL_defstash = newHV();
2999 PL_curstname = newSVpvn("main",4);
3000 gv = gv_fetchpv("main::",TRUE, SVt_PVHV);
3001 SvREFCNT_dec(GvHV(gv));
3002 GvHV(gv) = (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(PL_defstash);
3004 HvNAME(PL_defstash) = savepvn("main", 4);
3005 PL_incgv = gv_HVadd(gv_AVadd(gv_fetchpv("INC",TRUE, SVt_PVAV)));
3006 GvMULTI_on(PL_incgv);
3007 PL_hintgv = gv_fetchpv("\010",TRUE, SVt_PV); /* ^H */
3008 GvMULTI_on(PL_hintgv);
3009 PL_defgv = gv_fetchpv("_",TRUE, SVt_PVAV);
3010 PL_errgv = gv_HVadd(gv_fetchpv("@", TRUE, SVt_PV));
3011 GvMULTI_on(PL_errgv);
3012 PL_replgv = gv_fetchpv("\022", TRUE, SVt_PV); /* ^R */
3013 GvMULTI_on(PL_replgv);
3014 (void)Perl_form(aTHX_ "%240s",""); /* Preallocate temp - for immediate signals. */
3015 sv_grow(ERRSV, 240); /* Preallocate - for immediate signals. */
3016 sv_setpvn(ERRSV, "", 0);
3017 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
3018 CopSTASH_set(&PL_compiling, PL_defstash);
3019 PL_debstash = GvHV(gv_fetchpv("DB::", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
3020 PL_globalstash = GvHV(gv_fetchpv("CORE::GLOBAL::", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
3021 /* We must init $/ before switches are processed. */
3022 sv_setpvn(get_sv("/", TRUE), "\n", 1);
3025 /* PSz 18 Nov 03 fdscript now global but do not change prototype */
3027 S_open_script(pTHX_ const char *scriptname, bool dosearch, SV *sv)
3032 const char *cpp_discard_flag;
3040 PL_origfilename = savepvn("-e", 2);
3043 /* if find_script() returns, it returns a malloc()-ed value */
3044 scriptname = PL_origfilename = find_script(scriptname, dosearch, NULL, 1);
3046 if (strnEQ(scriptname, "/dev/fd/", 8) && isDIGIT(scriptname[8]) ) {
3047 const char *s = scriptname + 8;
3048 PL_fdscript = atoi(s);
3053 * Tell apart "normal" usage of fdscript, e.g.
3054 * with bash on FreeBSD:
3055 * perl <( echo '#!perl -DA'; echo 'print "$0\n"')
3056 * from usage in suidperl.
3057 * Does any "normal" usage leave garbage after the number???
3058 * Is it a mistake to use a similar /dev/fd/ construct for
3063 * Be supersafe and do some sanity-checks.
3064 * Still, can we be sure we got the right thing?
3067 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Wrong syntax (suid) fd script name \"%s\"\n", s);
3070 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Missing (suid) fd script name\n");
3072 scriptname = savepv(s + 1);
3073 Safefree(PL_origfilename);
3074 PL_origfilename = (char *)scriptname;
3079 CopFILE_free(PL_curcop);
3080 CopFILE_set(PL_curcop, PL_origfilename);
3081 if (*PL_origfilename == '-' && PL_origfilename[1] == '\0')
3082 scriptname = (char *)"";
3083 if (PL_fdscript >= 0) {
3084 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_fdopen(PL_fdscript,PERL_SCRIPT_MODE);
3085 # if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3087 /* ensure close-on-exec */
3088 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,1);
3093 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "sperl needs fd script\n"
3094 "You should not call sperl directly; do you need to "
3095 "change a #! line\nfrom sperl to perl?\n");
3098 * Do not open (or do other fancy stuff) while setuid.
3099 * Perl does the open, and hands script to suidperl on a fd;
3100 * suidperl only does some checks, sets up UIDs and re-execs
3101 * perl with that fd as it has always done.
3104 if (PL_suidscript != 1) {
3105 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "suidperl needs (suid) fd script\n");
3108 else if (PL_preprocess) {
3109 const char *cpp_cfg = CPPSTDIN;
3110 SV *cpp = newSVpvn("",0);
3111 SV *cmd = NEWSV(0,0);
3113 if (cpp_cfg[0] == 0) /* PERL_MICRO? */
3114 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't run with cpp -P with CPPSTDIN undefined");
3115 if (strEQ(cpp_cfg, "cppstdin"))
3116 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ cpp, "%s/", BIN_EXP);
3117 sv_catpv(cpp, cpp_cfg);
3120 sv_catpvn(sv, "-I", 2);
3121 sv_catpv(sv,PRIVLIB_EXP);
3124 DEBUG_P(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3125 "PL_preprocess: scriptname=\"%s\", cpp=\"%s\", sv=\"%s\", CPPMINUS=\"%s\"\n",
3126 scriptname, SvPVX (cpp), SvPVX (sv), CPPMINUS));
3128 # if defined(MSDOS) || defined(WIN32) || defined(VMS)
3135 cpp_discard_flag = "";
3137 cpp_discard_flag = "-C";
3141 perl = os2_execname(aTHX);
3143 perl = PL_origargv[0];
3147 /* This strips off Perl comments which might interfere with
3148 the C pre-processor, including #!. #line directives are
3149 deliberately stripped to avoid confusion with Perl's version
3150 of #line. FWP played some golf with it so it will fit
3151 into VMS's 255 character buffer.
3154 code = "(1../^#!.*perl/i)|/^\\s*#(?!\\s*((ifn?|un)def|(el|end)?if|define|include|else|error|pragma)\\b)/||!($|=1)||print";
3156 code = "/^\\s*#(?!\\s*((ifn?|un)def|(el|end)?if|define|include|else|error|pragma)\\b)/||!($|=1)||print";
3158 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ cmd, "\
3159 %s -ne%s%s%s %s | %"SVf" %s %"SVf" %s",
3160 perl, quote, code, quote, scriptname, cpp,
3161 cpp_discard_flag, sv, CPPMINUS);
3163 PL_doextract = FALSE;
3165 DEBUG_P(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3166 "PL_preprocess: cmd=\"%s\"\n",
3169 PL_rsfp = PerlProc_popen(SvPVX(cmd), (char *)"r");
3173 else if (!*scriptname) {
3174 forbid_setid("program input from stdin");
3175 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_stdin();
3178 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_open(scriptname,PERL_SCRIPT_MODE);
3179 # if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3181 /* ensure close-on-exec */
3182 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,1);
3185 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3187 /* PSz 16 Sep 03 Keep neat error message */
3188 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't open perl script \"%s\": %s\n",
3189 CopFILE(PL_curcop), Strerror(errno));
3194 * I_SYSSTATVFS HAS_FSTATVFS
3196 * I_STATFS HAS_FSTATFS HAS_GETFSSTAT
3197 * I_MNTENT HAS_GETMNTENT HAS_HASMNTOPT
3198 * here so that metaconfig picks them up. */
3202 S_fd_on_nosuid_fs(pTHX_ int fd)
3205 * We used to do this as "plain" user (after swapping UIDs with setreuid);
3206 * but is needed also on machines without setreuid.
3207 * Seems safe enough to run as root.
3209 int check_okay = 0; /* able to do all the required sys/libcalls */
3210 int on_nosuid = 0; /* the fd is on a nosuid fs */
3212 * Need to check noexec also: nosuid might not be set, the average
3213 * sysadmin would say that nosuid is irrelevant once he sets noexec.
3215 int on_noexec = 0; /* the fd is on a noexec fs */
3218 * Preferred order: fstatvfs(), fstatfs(), ustat()+getmnt(), getmntent().
3219 * fstatvfs() is UNIX98.
3220 * fstatfs() is 4.3 BSD.
3221 * ustat()+getmnt() is pre-4.3 BSD.
3222 * getmntent() is O(number-of-mounted-filesystems) and can hang on
3223 * an irrelevant filesystem while trying to reach the right one.
3226 #undef FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY /* found the syscalls to do the check? */
3228 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3229 defined(HAS_FSTATVFS)
3230 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3231 struct statvfs stfs;
3233 check_okay = fstatvfs(fd, &stfs) == 0;
3234 on_nosuid = check_okay && (stfs.f_flag & ST_NOSUID);
3236 /* ST_NOEXEC certainly absent on AIX 5.1, and doesn't seem to be documented
3237 on platforms where it is present. */
3238 on_noexec = check_okay && (stfs.f_flag & ST_NOEXEC);
3240 # endif /* fstatvfs */
3242 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3243 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID) && \
3244 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC) && \
3245 defined(HAS_FSTATFS) && \
3246 defined(HAS_STRUCT_STATFS) && \
3247 defined(HAS_STRUCT_STATFS_F_FLAGS)
3248 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3251 check_okay = fstatfs(fd, &stfs) == 0;
3252 on_nosuid = check_okay && (stfs.f_flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID);
3253 on_noexec = check_okay && (stfs.f_flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC);
3254 # endif /* fstatfs */
3256 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3257 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID) && \
3258 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC) && \
3259 defined(HAS_FSTAT) && \
3260 defined(HAS_USTAT) && \
3261 defined(HAS_GETMNT) && \
3262 defined(HAS_STRUCT_FS_DATA) && \
3264 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3267 if (fstat(fd, &fdst) == 0) {
3269 if (ustat(fdst.st_dev, &us) == 0) {
3271 /* NOSTAT_ONE here because we're not examining fields which
3272 * vary between that case and STAT_ONE. */
3273 if (getmnt((int*)0, &fsd, (int)0, NOSTAT_ONE, us.f_fname) == 0) {
3274 size_t cmplen = sizeof(us.f_fname);
3275 if (sizeof(fsd.fd_req.path) < cmplen)
3276 cmplen = sizeof(fsd.fd_req.path);
3277 if (strnEQ(fsd.fd_req.path, us.f_fname, cmplen) &&
3278 fdst.st_dev == fsd.fd_req.dev) {
3280 on_nosuid = fsd.fd_req.flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID;
3281 on_noexec = fsd.fd_req.flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC;
3287 # endif /* fstat+ustat+getmnt */
3289 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3290 defined(HAS_GETMNTENT) && \
3291 defined(HAS_HASMNTOPT) && \
3292 defined(MNTOPT_NOSUID) && \
3293 defined(MNTOPT_NOEXEC)
3294 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3295 FILE *mtab = fopen("/etc/mtab", "r");
3296 struct mntent *entry;
3299 if (mtab && (fstat(fd, &stb) == 0)) {
3300 while (entry = getmntent(mtab)) {
3301 if (stat(entry->mnt_dir, &fsb) == 0
3302 && fsb.st_dev == stb.st_dev)
3304 /* found the filesystem */
3306 if (hasmntopt(entry, MNTOPT_NOSUID))
3308 if (hasmntopt(entry, MNTOPT_NOEXEC))
3311 } /* A single fs may well fail its stat(). */
3316 # endif /* getmntent+hasmntopt */
3319 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't check filesystem of script \"%s\" for nosuid/noexec", PL_origfilename);
3321 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script \"%s\" on nosuid filesystem", PL_origfilename);
3323 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script \"%s\" on noexec filesystem", PL_origfilename);
3324 return ((!check_okay) || on_nosuid || on_noexec);
3326 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3329 S_validate_suid(pTHX_ const char *validarg, const char *scriptname)
3333 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3335 /* do we need to emulate setuid on scripts? */
3337 /* This code is for those BSD systems that have setuid #! scripts disabled
3338 * in the kernel because of a security problem. Merely defining DOSUID
3339 * in perl will not fix that problem, but if you have disabled setuid
3340 * scripts in the kernel, this will attempt to emulate setuid and setgid
3341 * on scripts that have those now-otherwise-useless bits set. The setuid
3342 * root version must be called suidperl or sperlN.NNN. If regular perl
3343 * discovers that it has opened a setuid script, it calls suidperl with
3344 * the same argv that it had. If suidperl finds that the script it has
3345 * just opened is NOT setuid root, it sets the effective uid back to the
3346 * uid. We don't just make perl setuid root because that loses the
3347 * effective uid we had before invoking perl, if it was different from the
3350 * Description/comments above do not match current workings:
3351 * suidperl must be hardlinked to sperlN.NNN (that is what we exec);
3352 * suidperl called with script open and name changed to /dev/fd/N/X;
3353 * suidperl croaks if script is not setuid;
3354 * making perl setuid would be a huge security risk (and yes, that
3355 * would lose any euid we might have had).
3357 * DOSUID must be defined in both perl and suidperl, and IAMSUID must
3358 * be defined in suidperl only. suidperl must be setuid root. The
3359 * Configure script will set this up for you if you want it.
3365 if (PerlLIO_fstat(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),&PL_statbuf) < 0) /* normal stat is insecure */
3366 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't stat script \"%s\"",PL_origfilename);
3367 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & (S_ISUID|S_ISGID)) {
3372 if (PL_fdscript < 0 || PL_suidscript != 1)
3373 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Need (suid) fdscript in suidperl\n"); /* We already checked this */
3375 * Since the script is opened by perl, not suidperl, some of these
3376 * checks are superfluous. Leaving them in probably does not lower
3380 * Do checks even for systems with no HAS_SETREUID.
3381 * We used to swap, then re-swap UIDs with
3383 if (setreuid(PL_euid,PL_uid) < 0
3384 || PerlProc_getuid() != PL_euid || PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_uid)
3385 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't swap uid and euid");
3388 if (setreuid(PL_uid,PL_euid) < 0
3389 || PerlProc_getuid() != PL_uid || PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_euid)
3390 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't reswap uid and euid");
3394 /* On this access check to make sure the directories are readable,
3395 * there is actually a small window that the user could use to make
3396 * filename point to an accessible directory. So there is a faint
3397 * chance that someone could execute a setuid script down in a
3398 * non-accessible directory. I don't know what to do about that.
3399 * But I don't think it's too important. The manual lies when
3400 * it says access() is useful in setuid programs.
3402 * So, access() is pretty useless... but not harmful... do anyway.
3404 if (PerlLIO_access(CopFILE(PL_curcop),1)) { /*double check*/
3405 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't access() script\n");
3408 /* If we can swap euid and uid, then we can determine access rights
3409 * with a simple stat of the file, and then compare device and
3410 * inode to make sure we did stat() on the same file we opened.
3411 * Then we just have to make sure he or she can execute it.
3414 * As the script is opened by perl, not suidperl, we do not need to
3415 * care much about access rights.
3417 * The 'script changed' check is needed, or we can get lied to
3418 * about $0 with e.g.
3419 * suidperl /dev/fd/4//bin/x 4<setuidscript
3420 * Without HAS_SETREUID, is it safe to stat() as root?
3422 * Are there any operating systems that pass /dev/fd/xxx for setuid
3423 * scripts, as suggested/described in perlsec(1)? Surely they do not
3424 * pass the script name as we do, so the "script changed" test would
3425 * fail for them... but we never get here with
3426 * SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW defined.
3428 * This is one place where we must "lie" about return status: not
3429 * say if the stat() failed. We are doing this as root, and could
3430 * be tricked into reporting existence or not of files that the
3431 * "plain" user cannot even see.
3435 if (PerlLIO_stat(CopFILE(PL_curcop),&tmpstatbuf) < 0 ||
3436 tmpstatbuf.st_dev != PL_statbuf.st_dev ||
3437 tmpstatbuf.st_ino != PL_statbuf.st_ino) {
3438 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script changed\n");
3442 if (!cando(S_IXUSR,FALSE,&PL_statbuf)) /* can real uid exec? */
3443 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Real UID cannot exec script\n");
3446 * We used to do this check as the "plain" user (after swapping
3447 * UIDs). But the check for nosuid and noexec filesystem is needed,
3448 * and should be done even without HAS_SETREUID. (Maybe those
3449 * operating systems do not have such mount options anyway...)
3450 * Seems safe enough to do as root.
3452 #if !defined(NO_NOSUID_CHECK)
3453 if (fd_on_nosuid_fs(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp))) {
3454 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script on nosuid or noexec filesystem\n");
3457 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3459 if (!S_ISREG(PL_statbuf.st_mode)) {
3460 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script not plain file\n");
3462 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_IWOTH)
3463 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid/gid script is writable by world");
3464 PL_doswitches = FALSE; /* -s is insecure in suid */
3465 /* PSz 13 Nov 03 But -s was caught elsewhere ... so unsetting it here is useless(?!) */
3466 CopLINE_inc(PL_curcop);
3467 if (sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0) == Nullch ||
3468 strnNE(SvPV(PL_linestr,n_a),"#!",2) ) /* required even on Sys V */
3469 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No #! line");
3470 s = SvPV(PL_linestr,n_a)+2;
3472 /* Sanity check on line length */
3473 if (strlen(s) < 1 || strlen(s) > 4000)
3474 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Very long #! line");
3475 /* Allow more than a single space after #! */
3476 while (isSPACE(*s)) s++;
3477 /* Sanity check on buffer end */
3478 while ((*s) && !isSPACE(*s)) s++;
3479 for (s2 = s; (s2 > SvPV(PL_linestr,n_a)+2 &&
3480 (isDIGIT(s2[-1]) || s2[-1] == '.' || s2[-1] == '_'
3481 || s2[-1] == '-')); s2--) ;
3482 /* Sanity check on buffer start */
3483 if ( (s2-4 < SvPV(PL_linestr,n_a)+2 || strnNE(s2-4,"perl",4)) &&
3484 (s-9 < SvPV(PL_linestr,n_a)+2 || strnNE(s-9,"perl",4)) )
3485 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Not a perl script");
3486 while (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t') s++;
3488 * #! arg must be what we saw above. They can invoke it by
3489 * mentioning suidperl explicitly, but they may not add any strange
3490 * arguments beyond what #! says if they do invoke suidperl that way.
3493 * The way validarg was set up, we rely on the kernel to start
3494 * scripts with argv[1] set to contain all #! line switches (the
3498 * Check that we got all the arguments listed in the #! line (not
3499 * just that there are no extraneous arguments). Might not matter
3500 * much, as switches from #! line seem to be acted upon (also), and
3501 * so may be checked and trapped in perl. But, security checks must
3502 * be done in suidperl and not deferred to perl. Note that suidperl
3503 * does not get around to parsing (and checking) the switches on
3504 * the #! line (but execs perl sooner).
3505 * Allow (require) a trailing newline (which may be of two
3506 * characters on some architectures?) (but no other trailing
3509 len = strlen(validarg);
3510 if (strEQ(validarg," PHOOEY ") ||
3511 strnNE(s,validarg,len) || !isSPACE(s[len]) ||
3512 !(strlen(s) == len+1 || (strlen(s) == len+2 && isSPACE(s[len+1]))))
3513 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Args must match #! line");
3516 if (PL_fdscript < 0 &&
3517 PL_euid != PL_uid && (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID) &&
3518 PL_euid == PL_statbuf.st_uid)
3520 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "YOU HAVEN'T DISABLED SET-ID SCRIPTS IN THE KERNEL YET!\n\
3521 FIX YOUR KERNEL, OR PUT A C WRAPPER AROUND THIS SCRIPT!\n");
3522 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3524 if (PL_fdscript < 0 &&
3525 PL_euid) { /* oops, we're not the setuid root perl */
3527 * When root runs a setuid script, we do not go through the same
3528 * steps of execing sperl and then perl with fd scripts, but
3529 * simply set up UIDs within the same perl invocation; so do
3530 * not have the same checks (on options, whatever) that we have
3531 * for plain users. No problem really: would have to be a script
3532 * that does not actually work for plain users; and if root is
3533 * foolish and can be persuaded to run such an unsafe script, he
3534 * might run also non-setuid ones, and deserves what he gets.
3536 * Or, we might drop the PL_euid check above (and rely just on
3537 * PL_fdscript to avoid loops), and do the execs
3543 * Pass fd script to suidperl.
3544 * Exec suidperl, substituting fd script for scriptname.
3545 * Pass script name as "subdir" of fd, which perl will grok;
3546 * in fact will use that to distinguish this from "normal"
3547 * usage, see comments above.
3549 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
3550 PerlLIO_lseek(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),(Off_t)0,0); /* just in case rewind didn't */
3551 /* PSz 27 Feb 04 Sanity checks on scriptname */
3552 if ((!scriptname) || (!*scriptname) ) {
3553 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No setuid script name\n");
3555 if (*scriptname == '-') {
3556 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script name may not begin with dash\n");
3557 /* Or we might confuse it with an option when replacing
3558 * name in argument list, below (though we do pointer, not
3559 * string, comparisons).
3562 for (which = 1; PL_origargv[which] && PL_origargv[which] != scriptname; which++) ;
3563 if (!PL_origargv[which]) {
3564 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't change argv to have fd script\n");
3566 PL_origargv[which] = savepv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "/dev/fd/%d/%s",
3567 PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp), PL_origargv[which]));
3568 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3569 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,0); /* ensure no close-on-exec */
3572 PerlProc_execv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s/sperl"PERL_FS_VER_FMT, BIN_EXP,
3573 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
3574 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION), PL_origargv);
3576 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3577 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setuid (cannot exec sperl)\n");
3580 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISGID && PL_statbuf.st_gid != PL_egid) {
3582 * This seems back to front: we try HAS_SETEGID first; if not available
3583 * then try HAS_SETREGID; as a last chance we try HAS_SETRESGID. May be OK
3584 * in the sense that we only want to set EGID; but are there any machines
3585 * with either of the latter, but not the former? Same with UID, later.
3588 (void)setegid(PL_statbuf.st_gid);
3591 (void)setregid((Gid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_gid);
3593 #ifdef HAS_SETRESGID
3594 (void)setresgid((Gid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_gid,(Gid_t)-1);
3596 PerlProc_setgid(PL_statbuf.st_gid);
3600 if (PerlProc_getegid() != PL_statbuf.st_gid)
3601 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setegid!\n");
3603 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID) {
3604 if (PL_statbuf.st_uid != PL_euid)
3606 (void)seteuid(PL_statbuf.st_uid); /* all that for this */
3609 (void)setreuid((Uid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_uid);
3611 #ifdef HAS_SETRESUID
3612 (void)setresuid((Uid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_uid,(Uid_t)-1);
3614 PerlProc_setuid(PL_statbuf.st_uid);
3618 if (PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_statbuf.st_uid)
3619 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do seteuid!\n");
3621 else if (PL_uid) { /* oops, mustn't run as root */
3623 (void)seteuid((Uid_t)PL_uid);
3626 (void)setreuid((Uid_t)-1,(Uid_t)PL_uid);
3628 #ifdef HAS_SETRESUID
3629 (void)setresuid((Uid_t)-1,(Uid_t)PL_uid,(Uid_t)-1);
3631 PerlProc_setuid((Uid_t)PL_uid);
3635 if (PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_uid)
3636 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do seteuid!\n");
3639 if (!cando(S_IXUSR,TRUE,&PL_statbuf))
3640 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Effective UID cannot exec script\n"); /* they can't do this */
3643 else if (PL_preprocess) /* PSz 13 Nov 03 Caught elsewhere, useless(?!) here */
3644 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "-P not allowed for setuid/setgid script\n");
3645 else if (PL_fdscript < 0 || PL_suidscript != 1)
3646 /* PSz 13 Nov 03 Caught elsewhere, useless(?!) here */
3647 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "(suid) fdscript needed in suidperl\n");
3649 /* PSz 16 Sep 03 Keep neat error message */
3650 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Script is not setuid/setgid in suidperl\n");
3653 /* We absolutely must clear out any saved ids here, so we */
3654 /* exec the real perl, substituting fd script for scriptname. */
3655 /* (We pass script name as "subdir" of fd, which perl will grok.) */
3657 * It might be thought that using setresgid and/or setresuid (changed to
3658 * set the saved IDs) above might obviate the need to exec, and we could
3659 * go on to "do the perl thing".
3661 * Is there such a thing as "saved GID", and is that set for setuid (but
3662 * not setgid) execution like suidperl? Without exec, it would not be
3663 * cleared for setuid (but not setgid) scripts (or might need a dummy
3666 * We need suidperl to do the exact same argument checking that perl
3667 * does. Thus it cannot be very small; while it could be significantly
3668 * smaller, it is safer (simpler?) to make it essentially the same
3669 * binary as perl (but they are not identical). - Maybe could defer that
3670 * check to the invoked perl, and suidperl be a tiny wrapper instead;
3671 * but prefer to do thorough checks in suidperl itself. Such deferral
3672 * would make suidperl security rely on perl, a design no-no.
3674 * Setuid things should be short and simple, thus easy to understand and
3675 * verify. They should do their "own thing", without influence by
3676 * attackers. It may help if their internal execution flow is fixed,
3677 * regardless of platform: it may be best to exec anyway.
3679 * Suidperl should at least be conceptually simple: a wrapper only,
3680 * never to do any real perl. Maybe we should put
3682 * Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Suidperl should never do real perl\n");
3684 * into the perly bits.
3686 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
3687 PerlLIO_lseek(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),(Off_t)0,0); /* just in case rewind didn't */
3689 * Keep original arguments: suidperl already has fd script.
3691 /* for (which = 1; PL_origargv[which] && PL_origargv[which] != scriptname; which++) ; */
3692 /* if (!PL_origargv[which]) { */
3693 /* errno = EPERM; */
3694 /* Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Permission denied\n"); */
3696 /* PL_origargv[which] = savepv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "/dev/fd/%d/%s", */
3697 /* PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp), PL_origargv[which])); */
3698 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3699 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,0); /* ensure no close-on-exec */
3702 PerlProc_execv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s/perl"PERL_FS_VER_FMT, BIN_EXP,
3703 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
3704 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION), PL_origargv);/* try again */
3706 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setuid (suidperl cannot exec perl)\n");
3707 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3709 if (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid) { /* (suidperl doesn't exist, in fact) */
3710 #ifndef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
3711 PerlLIO_fstat(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),&PL_statbuf); /* may be either wrapped or real suid */
3712 if ((PL_euid != PL_uid && PL_euid == PL_statbuf.st_uid && PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID)
3714 (PL_egid != PL_gid && PL_egid == PL_statbuf.st_gid && PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISGID)
3717 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "YOU HAVEN'T DISABLED SET-ID SCRIPTS IN THE KERNEL YET!\n\
3718 FIX YOUR KERNEL, PUT A C WRAPPER AROUND THIS SCRIPT, OR USE -u AND UNDUMP!\n");
3719 #endif /* SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW */
3720 /* not set-id, must be wrapped */
3728 S_find_beginning(pTHX)
3731 register const char *s2;
3732 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3736 /* skip forward in input to the real script? */
3739 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3740 /* Since the Mac OS does not honor #! arguments for us, we do it ourselves */
3742 while (PL_doextract || gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
3743 if ((s = sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0)) == Nullch) {
3744 if (!gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract)
3745 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No Perl script found in input\n");
3747 if (PL_doextract) /* require explicit override ? */
3748 if (!OverrideExtract(PL_origfilename))
3749 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "User aborted script\n");
3751 PL_doextract = FALSE;
3753 /* Pater peccavi, file does not have #! */
3754 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
3759 while (PL_doextract) {
3760 if ((s = sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0)) == Nullch)
3761 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No Perl script found in input\n");
3764 if (*s == '#' && s[1] == '!' && ((s = instr(s,"perl")) || (s = instr(s2,"PERL")))) {
3765 PerlIO_ungetc(PL_rsfp, '\n'); /* to keep line count right */
3766 PL_doextract = FALSE;
3767 while (*s && !(isSPACE (*s) || *s == '#')) s++;
3769 while (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t') s++;
3771 while (isDIGIT(s2[-1]) || s2[-1] == '-' || s2[-1] == '.'
3772 || s2[-1] == '_') s2--;
3773 if (strnEQ(s2-4,"perl",4))
3775 while ((s = moreswitches(s)))
3778 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3779 /* We are always searching for the #!perl line in MacPerl,
3780 * so if we find it, still keep the line count correct
3781 * by counting lines we already skipped over
3783 for (; maclines > 0 ; maclines--)
3784 PerlIO_ungetc(PL_rsfp, '\n');
3788 /* gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract is false in MPW tool */
3789 } else if (gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
3800 PL_uid = PerlProc_getuid();
3801 PL_euid = PerlProc_geteuid();
3802 PL_gid = PerlProc_getgid();
3803 PL_egid = PerlProc_getegid();
3805 PL_uid |= PL_gid << 16;
3806 PL_euid |= PL_egid << 16;
3808 /* Should not happen: */
3809 CHECK_MALLOC_TAINT(PL_uid && (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid));
3810 PL_tainting |= (PL_uid && (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid));
3813 * Should go by suidscript, not uid!=euid: why disallow
3814 * system("ls") in scripts run from setuid things?
3815 * Or, is this run before we check arguments and set suidscript?
3816 * What about SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW: could we use fdscript then?
3817 * (We never have suidscript, can we be sure to have fdscript?)
3818 * Or must then go by UID checks? See comments in forbid_setid also.
3822 /* This is used very early in the lifetime of the program,
3823 * before even the options are parsed, so PL_tainting has
3824 * not been initialized properly. */
3826 Perl_doing_taint(int argc, char *argv[], char *envp[])
3828 #ifndef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
3829 /* If we have PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS we can't call getuid() et alia
3830 * before we have an interpreter-- and the whole point of this
3831 * function is to be called at such an early stage. If you are on
3832 * a system with PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS but you do have a concept of
3833 * "tainted because running with altered effective ids', you'll
3834 * have to add your own checks somewhere in here. The two most
3835 * known samples of 'implicitness' are Win32 and NetWare, neither
3836 * of which has much of concept of 'uids'. */
3837 int uid = PerlProc_getuid();
3838 int euid = PerlProc_geteuid();
3839 int gid = PerlProc_getgid();
3840 int egid = PerlProc_getegid();
3847 if (uid && (euid != uid || egid != gid))
3849 #endif /* !PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS */
3850 /* This is a really primitive check; environment gets ignored only
3851 * if -T are the first chars together; otherwise one gets
3852 * "Too late" message. */
3853 if ( argc > 1 && argv[1][0] == '-'
3854 && (argv[1][1] == 't' || argv[1][1] == 'T') )
3860 S_forbid_setid(pTHX_ const char *s)
3862 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
3863 if (PL_euid != PL_uid)
3864 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed while running setuid", s);
3865 if (PL_egid != PL_gid)
3866 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed while running setgid", s);
3867 #endif /* SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW */
3869 * Checks for UID/GID above "wrong": why disallow
3870 * perl -e 'print "Hello\n"'
3871 * from within setuid things?? Simply drop them: replaced by
3872 * fdscript/suidscript and #ifdef IAMSUID checks below.
3874 * This may be too late for command-line switches. Will catch those on
3875 * the #! line, after finding the script name and setting up
3876 * fdscript/suidscript. Note that suidperl does not get around to
3877 * parsing (and checking) the switches on the #! line, but checks that
3878 * the two sets are identical.
3880 * With SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW, could we use fdscript, also or
3881 * instead, or would that be "too late"? (We never have suidscript, can
3882 * we be sure to have fdscript?)
3884 * Catch things with suidscript (in descendant of suidperl), even with
3885 * right UID/GID. Was already checked in suidperl, with #ifdef IAMSUID,
3886 * below; but I am paranoid.
3888 * Also see comments about root running a setuid script, elsewhere.
3890 if (PL_suidscript >= 0)
3891 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed with (suid) fdscript", s);
3893 /* PSz 11 Nov 03 Catch it in suidperl, always! */
3894 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed in suidperl", s);
3895 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3899 Perl_init_debugger(pTHX)
3901 HV *ostash = PL_curstash;
3903 PL_curstash = PL_debstash;
3904 PL_dbargs = GvAV(gv_AVadd((gv_fetchpv("DB::args", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVAV))));
3905 AvREAL_off(PL_dbargs);
3906 PL_DBgv = gv_fetchpv("DB::DB", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVGV);
3907 PL_DBline = gv_fetchpv("DB::dbline", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVAV);
3908 PL_DBsub = gv_HVadd(gv_fetchpv("DB::sub", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
3909 PL_DBsingle = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("DB::single", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
3910 sv_setiv(PL_DBsingle, 0);
3911 PL_DBtrace = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("DB::trace", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
3912 sv_setiv(PL_DBtrace, 0);
3913 PL_DBsignal = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("DB::signal", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
3914 sv_setiv(PL_DBsignal, 0);
3915 PL_DBassertion = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("DB::assertion", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
3916 sv_setiv(PL_DBassertion, 0);
3917 PL_curstash = ostash;
3920 #ifndef STRESS_REALLOC
3921 #define REASONABLE(size) (size)
3923 #define REASONABLE(size) (1) /* unreasonable */
3927 Perl_init_stacks(pTHX)
3929 /* start with 128-item stack and 8K cxstack */
3930 PL_curstackinfo = new_stackinfo(REASONABLE(128),
3931 REASONABLE(8192/sizeof(PERL_CONTEXT) - 1));
3932 PL_curstackinfo->si_type = PERLSI_MAIN;
3933 PL_curstack = PL_curstackinfo->si_stack;
3934 PL_mainstack = PL_curstack; /* remember in case we switch stacks */
3936 PL_stack_base = AvARRAY(PL_curstack);
3937 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base;
3938 PL_stack_max = PL_stack_base + AvMAX(PL_curstack);
3940 New(50,PL_tmps_stack,REASONABLE(128),SV*);
3943 PL_tmps_max = REASONABLE(128);
3945 New(54,PL_markstack,REASONABLE(32),I32);
3946 PL_markstack_ptr = PL_markstack;
3947 PL_markstack_max = PL_markstack + REASONABLE(32);
3951 New(54,PL_scopestack,REASONABLE(32),I32);
3952 PL_scopestack_ix = 0;
3953 PL_scopestack_max = REASONABLE(32);
3955 New(54,PL_savestack,REASONABLE(128),ANY);
3956 PL_savestack_ix = 0;
3957 PL_savestack_max = REASONABLE(128);
3965 while (PL_curstackinfo->si_next)
3966 PL_curstackinfo = PL_curstackinfo->si_next;
3967 while (PL_curstackinfo) {
3968 PERL_SI *p = PL_curstackinfo->si_prev;
3969 /* curstackinfo->si_stack got nuked by sv_free_arenas() */
3970 Safefree(PL_curstackinfo->si_cxstack);
3971 Safefree(PL_curstackinfo);
3972 PL_curstackinfo = p;
3974 Safefree(PL_tmps_stack);
3975 Safefree(PL_markstack);
3976 Safefree(PL_scopestack);
3977 Safefree(PL_savestack);
3986 lex_start(PL_linestr);
3988 PL_subname = newSVpvn("main",4);
3992 S_init_predump_symbols(pTHX)
3997 sv_setpvn(get_sv("\"", TRUE), " ", 1);
3998 PL_stdingv = gv_fetchpv("STDIN",TRUE, SVt_PVIO);
3999 GvMULTI_on(PL_stdingv);
4000 io = GvIOp(PL_stdingv);
4001 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_RDONLY;
4002 IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stdin();
4003 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("stdin",TRUE, SVt_PV);
4005 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc(io);
4007 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("STDOUT",TRUE, SVt_PVIO);
4010 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_WRONLY;
4011 IoOFP(io) = IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stdout();
4013 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("stdout",TRUE, SVt_PV);
4015 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc(io);
4017 PL_stderrgv = gv_fetchpv("STDERR",TRUE, SVt_PVIO);
4018 GvMULTI_on(PL_stderrgv);
4019 io = GvIOp(PL_stderrgv);
4020 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_WRONLY;
4021 IoOFP(io) = IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stderr();
4022 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("stderr",TRUE, SVt_PV);
4024 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc(io);
4026 PL_statname = NEWSV(66,0); /* last filename we did stat on */
4029 Safefree(PL_osname);
4030 PL_osname = savepv(OSNAME);
4034 Perl_init_argv_symbols(pTHX_ register int argc, register char **argv)
4037 argc--,argv++; /* skip name of script */
4038 if (PL_doswitches) {
4039 for (; argc > 0 && **argv == '-'; argc--,argv++) {
4042 if (argv[0][1] == '-' && !argv[0][2]) {
4046 if ((s = strchr(argv[0], '='))) {
4048 sv_setpv(GvSV(gv_fetchpv(argv[0]+1,TRUE, SVt_PV)),s);
4051 sv_setiv(GvSV(gv_fetchpv(argv[0]+1,TRUE, SVt_PV)),1);
4054 if ((PL_argvgv = gv_fetchpv("ARGV",TRUE, SVt_PVAV))) {
4055 GvMULTI_on(PL_argvgv);
4056 (void)gv_AVadd(PL_argvgv);
4057 av_clear(GvAVn(PL_argvgv));
4058 for (; argc > 0; argc--,argv++) {
4059 SV *sv = newSVpv(argv[0],0);
4060 av_push(GvAVn(PL_argvgv),sv);
4061 if (!(PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_LOCALE_FLAG) || PL_utf8locale) {
4062 if (PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_ARGV_FLAG)
4065 if (PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_WIDESYSCALLS_FLAG) /* Sarathy? */
4066 (void)sv_utf8_decode(sv);
4072 S_init_postdump_symbols(pTHX_ register int argc, register char **argv, register char **env)
4078 PL_toptarget = NEWSV(0,0);
4079 sv_upgrade(PL_toptarget, SVt_PVFM);
4080 sv_setpvn(PL_toptarget, "", 0);
4081 PL_bodytarget = NEWSV(0,0);
4082 sv_upgrade(PL_bodytarget, SVt_PVFM);
4083 sv_setpvn(PL_bodytarget, "", 0);
4084 PL_formtarget = PL_bodytarget;
4088 init_argv_symbols(argc,argv);
4090 if ((tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("0",TRUE, SVt_PV))) {
4091 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4092 /* $0 is not majick on a Mac */
4093 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv),MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
4095 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv),PL_origfilename);
4096 magicname("0", "0", 1);
4099 if ((PL_envgv = gv_fetchpv("ENV",TRUE, SVt_PVHV))) {
4101 GvMULTI_on(PL_envgv);
4102 hv = GvHVn(PL_envgv);
4103 hv_magic(hv, Nullgv, PERL_MAGIC_env);
4105 #ifdef USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY
4106 /* Note that if the supplied env parameter is actually a copy
4107 of the global environ then it may now point to free'd memory
4108 if the environment has been modified since. To avoid this
4109 problem we treat env==NULL as meaning 'use the default'
4114 # ifdef USE_ITHREADS
4115 && PL_curinterp == aTHX
4119 environ[0] = Nullch;
4122 char** origenv = environ;
4123 for (; *env; env++) {
4124 if (!(s = strchr(*env,'=')) || s == *env)
4126 #if defined(MSDOS) && !defined(DJGPP)
4131 sv = newSVpv(s+1, 0);
4132 (void)hv_store(hv, *env, s - *env, sv, 0);
4135 if (origenv != environ) {
4136 /* realloc has shifted us */
4137 env = (env - origenv) + environ;
4142 #endif /* USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY */
4143 #endif /* !PERL_MICRO */
4146 if ((tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("$",TRUE, SVt_PV))) {
4147 SvREADONLY_off(GvSV(tmpgv));
4148 sv_setiv(GvSV(tmpgv), (IV)PerlProc_getpid());
4149 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(tmpgv));
4151 #ifdef THREADS_HAVE_PIDS
4152 PL_ppid = (IV)getppid();
4155 /* touch @F array to prevent spurious warnings 20020415 MJD */
4157 (void) get_av("main::F", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4159 /* touch @- and @+ arrays to prevent spurious warnings 20020415 MJD */
4160 (void) get_av("main::-", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4161 (void) get_av("main::+", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4165 S_init_perllib(pTHX)
4170 s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL5LIB");
4172 incpush(s, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE);
4174 incpush(PerlEnv_getenv("PERLLIB"), FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4176 /* Treat PERL5?LIB as a possible search list logical name -- the
4177 * "natural" VMS idiom for a Unix path string. We allow each
4178 * element to be a set of |-separated directories for compatibility.
4182 if (my_trnlnm("PERL5LIB",buf,0))
4183 do { incpush(buf,TRUE,TRUE,TRUE,FALSE); } while (my_trnlnm("PERL5LIB",buf,++idx));
4185 while (my_trnlnm("PERLLIB",buf,idx++)) incpush(buf,FALSE,FALSE,TRUE,FALSE);
4189 /* Use the ~-expanded versions of APPLLIB (undocumented),
4190 ARCHLIB PRIVLIB SITEARCH SITELIB VENDORARCH and VENDORLIB
4193 incpush(APPLLIB_EXP, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4197 incpush(ARCHLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4199 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4202 SV * privdir = NEWSV(55, 0);
4203 char * macperl = PerlEnv_getenv("MACPERL");
4208 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ privdir, "%slib:", macperl);
4209 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(privdir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 && S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode))
4210 incpush(SvPVX(privdir), TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4211 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ privdir, "%ssite_perl:", macperl);
4212 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(privdir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 && S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode))
4213 incpush(SvPVX(privdir), TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4215 SvREFCNT_dec(privdir);
4218 incpush(":", FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4221 # define PRIVLIB_EXP "/usr/local/lib/perl5:/usr/local/lib/perl"
4224 incpush(PRIVLIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4226 incpush(PRIVLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4230 /* sitearch is always relative to sitelib on Windows for
4231 * DLL-based path intuition to work correctly */
4232 # if !defined(WIN32)
4233 incpush(SITEARCH_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4239 /* this picks up sitearch as well */
4240 incpush(SITELIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4242 incpush(SITELIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4246 #ifdef SITELIB_STEM /* Search for version-specific dirs below here */
4247 incpush(SITELIB_STEM, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4250 #ifdef PERL_VENDORARCH_EXP
4251 /* vendorarch is always relative to vendorlib on Windows for
4252 * DLL-based path intuition to work correctly */
4253 # if !defined(WIN32)
4254 incpush(PERL_VENDORARCH_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4258 #ifdef PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP
4260 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE); /* this picks up vendorarch as well */
4262 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4266 #ifdef PERL_VENDORLIB_STEM /* Search for version-specific dirs below here */
4267 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_STEM, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4270 #ifdef PERL_OTHERLIBDIRS
4271 incpush(PERL_OTHERLIBDIRS, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4275 incpush(".", FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4276 #endif /* MACOS_TRADITIONAL */
4279 #if defined(DOSISH) || defined(EPOC)
4280 # define PERLLIB_SEP ';'
4283 # define PERLLIB_SEP '|'
4285 # if defined(MACOS_TRADITIONAL)
4286 # define PERLLIB_SEP ','
4288 # define PERLLIB_SEP ':'
4292 #ifndef PERLLIB_MANGLE
4293 # define PERLLIB_MANGLE(s,n) (s)
4296 /* Push a directory onto @INC if it exists.
4297 Generate a new SV if we do this, to save needing to copy the SV we push
4300 S_incpush_if_exists(pTHX_ SV *dir)
4303 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(dir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 &&
4304 S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode)) {
4305 av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), dir);
4312 S_incpush(pTHX_ const char *dir, bool addsubdirs, bool addoldvers, bool usesep,
4315 SV *subdir = Nullsv;
4316 const char *p = dir;
4321 if (addsubdirs || addoldvers) {
4322 subdir = NEWSV(0,0);
4325 /* Break at all separators */
4327 SV *libdir = NEWSV(55,0);
4330 /* skip any consecutive separators */
4332 while ( *p == PERLLIB_SEP ) {
4333 /* Uncomment the next line for PATH semantics */
4334 /* av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), newSVpvn(".", 1)); */
4339 if ( usesep && (s = strchr(p, PERLLIB_SEP)) != Nullch ) {
4340 sv_setpvn(libdir, PERLLIB_MANGLE(p, (STRLEN)(s - p)),
4345 sv_setpv(libdir, PERLLIB_MANGLE(p, 0));
4346 p = Nullch; /* break out */
4348 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4349 if (!strchr(SvPVX(libdir), ':')) {
4352 sv_setpv(libdir, MacPerl_CanonDir(SvPVX(libdir), buf, 0));
4354 if (SvPVX(libdir)[SvCUR(libdir)-1] != ':')
4355 sv_catpv(libdir, ":");
4358 /* Do the if() outside the #ifdef to avoid warnings about an unused
4361 #ifdef PERL_RELOCATABLE_INC
4363 * Relocatable include entries are marked with a leading .../
4366 * 0: Remove that leading ".../"
4367 * 1: Remove trailing executable name (anything after the last '/')
4368 * from the perl path to give a perl prefix
4370 * While the @INC element starts "../" and the prefix ends with a real
4371 * directory (ie not . or ..) chop that real directory off the prefix
4372 * and the leading "../" from the @INC element. ie a logical "../"
4374 * Finally concatenate the prefix and the remainder of the @INC element
4375 * The intent is that /usr/local/bin/perl and .../../lib/perl5
4376 * generates /usr/local/lib/perl5
4378 char *libpath = SvPVX(libdir);
4379 STRLEN libpath_len = SvCUR(libdir);
4380 if (libpath_len >= 4 && memEQ (libpath, ".../", 4)) {
4382 SV *caret_X = get_sv("\030", 0);
4383 /* Going to use the SV just as a scratch buffer holding a C
4389 /* $^X is *the* source of taint if tainting is on, hence
4390 SvPOK() won't be true. */
4392 assert(SvPOKp(caret_X));
4393 prefix_sv = newSVpvn(SvPVX(caret_X), SvCUR(caret_X));
4394 /* Firstly take off the leading .../
4395 If all else fail we'll do the paths relative to the current
4397 sv_chop(libdir, libpath + 4);
4398 /* Don't use SvPV as we're intentionally bypassing taining,
4399 mortal copies that the mg_get of tainting creates, and
4400 corruption that seems to come via the save stack.
4401 I guess that the save stack isn't correctly set up yet. */
4402 libpath = SvPVX(libdir);
4403 libpath_len = SvCUR(libdir);
4405 /* This would work more efficiently with memrchr, but as it's
4406 only a GNU extension we'd need to probe for it and
4407 implement our own. Not hard, but maybe not worth it? */
4409 prefix = SvPVX(prefix_sv);
4410 lastslash = strrchr(prefix, '/');
4412 /* First time in with the *lastslash = '\0' we just wipe off
4413 the trailing /perl from (say) /usr/foo/bin/perl
4417 while ((*lastslash = '\0'), /* Do that, come what may. */
4418 (libpath_len >= 3 && memEQ(libpath, "../", 3)
4419 && (lastslash = strrchr(prefix, '/')))) {
4420 if (lastslash[1] == '\0'
4421 || (lastslash[1] == '.'
4422 && (lastslash[2] == '/' /* ends "/." */
4423 || (lastslash[2] == '/'
4424 && lastslash[3] == '/' /* or "/.." */
4426 /* Prefix ends "/" or "/." or "/..", any of which
4427 are fishy, so don't do any more logical cleanup.
4431 /* Remove leading "../" from path */
4434 /* Next iteration round the loop removes the last
4435 directory name from prefix by writing a '\0' in
4436 the while clause. */
4438 /* prefix has been terminated with a '\0' to the correct
4439 length. libpath points somewhere into the libdir SV.
4440 We need to join the 2 with '/' and drop the result into
4442 tempsv = Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "%s/%s", prefix, libpath);
4443 SvREFCNT_dec(libdir);
4444 /* And this is the new libdir. */
4447 (PL_uid != PL_euid || PL_gid != PL_egid)) {
4448 /* Need to taint reloccated paths if running set ID */
4449 SvTAINTED_on(libdir);
4452 SvREFCNT_dec(prefix_sv);
4457 * BEFORE pushing libdir onto @INC we may first push version- and
4458 * archname-specific sub-directories.
4460 if (addsubdirs || addoldvers) {
4461 #ifdef PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST
4462 /* Configure terminates PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST with a NULL */
4463 const char *incverlist[] = { PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST };
4464 const char **incver;
4470 if ((unix = tounixspec_ts(SvPV(libdir,len),Nullch)) != Nullch) {
4472 while (unix[len-1] == '/') len--; /* Cosmetic */
4473 sv_usepvn(libdir,unix,len);
4476 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log,
4477 "Failed to unixify @INC element \"%s\"\n",
4481 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4482 #define PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT ""
4483 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT "%s:"
4484 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_FS_VER_FMT PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT
4486 #define PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT "/"
4487 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT "/%s"
4488 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT PERL_FS_VER_FMT
4490 /* .../version/archname if -d .../version/archname */
4491 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_ARCH_FMT,
4493 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
4494 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION, ARCHNAME);
4495 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
4497 /* .../version if -d .../version */
4498 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH, libdir,
4499 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
4500 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION);
4501 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
4503 /* .../archname if -d .../archname */
4504 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT, libdir, ARCHNAME);
4505 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
4509 #ifdef PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST
4511 for (incver = incverlist; *incver; incver++) {
4512 /* .../xxx if -d .../xxx */
4513 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT, libdir, *incver);
4514 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
4520 /* finally push this lib directory on the end of @INC */
4521 av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), libdir);
4524 assert (SvREFCNT(subdir) == 1);
4525 SvREFCNT_dec(subdir);
4529 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
4530 STATIC struct perl_thread *
4531 S_init_main_thread(pTHX)
4533 #if !defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
4534 struct perl_thread *thr;
4538 Newz(53, thr, 1, struct perl_thread);
4539 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
4540 thr->interp = PERL_GET_INTERP;
4541 thr->cvcache = newHV();
4542 thr->threadsv = newAV();
4543 /* thr->threadsvp is set when find_threadsv is called */
4544 thr->specific = newAV();
4545 thr->flags = THRf_R_JOINABLE;
4546 MUTEX_INIT(&thr->mutex);
4547 /* Handcraft thrsv similarly to mess_sv */
4548 New(53, PL_thrsv, 1, SV);
4549 Newz(53, xpv, 1, XPV);
4550 SvFLAGS(PL_thrsv) = SVt_PV;
4551 SvANY(PL_thrsv) = (void*)xpv;
4552 SvREFCNT(PL_thrsv) = 1 << 30; /* practically infinite */
4553 SvPVX(PL_thrsv) = (char*)thr;
4554 SvCUR_set(PL_thrsv, sizeof(thr));
4555 SvLEN_set(PL_thrsv, sizeof(thr));
4556 *SvEND(PL_thrsv) = '\0'; /* in the trailing_nul field */
4557 thr->oursv = PL_thrsv;
4558 PL_chopset = " \n-";
4561 MUTEX_LOCK(&PL_threads_mutex);
4567 MUTEX_UNLOCK(&PL_threads_mutex);
4569 #ifdef HAVE_THREAD_INTERN
4570 Perl_init_thread_intern(thr);
4573 #ifdef SET_THREAD_SELF
4574 SET_THREAD_SELF(thr);
4576 thr->self = pthread_self();
4577 #endif /* SET_THREAD_SELF */
4581 * These must come after the thread self setting
4582 * because sv_setpvn does SvTAINT and the taint
4583 * fields thread selfness being set.
4585 PL_toptarget = NEWSV(0,0);
4586 sv_upgrade(PL_toptarget, SVt_PVFM);
4587 sv_setpvn(PL_toptarget, "", 0);
4588 PL_bodytarget = NEWSV(0,0);
4589 sv_upgrade(PL_bodytarget, SVt_PVFM);
4590 sv_setpvn(PL_bodytarget, "", 0);
4591 PL_formtarget = PL_bodytarget;
4592 thr->errsv = newSVpvn("", 0);
4593 (void) find_threadsv("@"); /* Ensure $@ is initialised early */
4596 PL_peepp = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_peep);
4597 PL_regcompp = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_pregcomp);
4598 PL_regexecp = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_regexec_flags);
4599 PL_regint_start = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_re_intuit_start);
4600 PL_regint_string = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_re_intuit_string);
4601 PL_regfree = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_pregfree);
4603 PL_reginterp_cnt = 0;
4607 #endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
4610 Perl_call_list(pTHX_ I32 oldscope, AV *paramList)
4613 const line_t oldline = CopLINE(PL_curcop);
4619 while (av_len(paramList) >= 0) {
4620 cv = (CV*)av_shift(paramList);
4622 if (paramList == PL_beginav) {
4623 /* save PL_beginav for compiler */
4624 if (! PL_beginav_save)
4625 PL_beginav_save = newAV();
4626 av_push(PL_beginav_save, (SV*)cv);
4628 else if (paramList == PL_checkav) {
4629 /* save PL_checkav for compiler */
4630 if (! PL_checkav_save)
4631 PL_checkav_save = newAV();
4632 av_push(PL_checkav_save, (SV*)cv);
4642 (void)SvPV(atsv, len);
4644 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
4645 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
4646 if (paramList == PL_beginav)
4647 sv_catpv(atsv, "BEGIN failed--compilation aborted");
4649 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ atsv,
4650 "%s failed--call queue aborted",
4651 paramList == PL_checkav ? "CHECK"
4652 : paramList == PL_initav ? "INIT"
4654 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
4657 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%"SVf"", atsv);
4664 /* my_exit() was called */
4665 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
4668 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
4669 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
4670 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
4672 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED)) {
4673 if (paramList == PL_beginav)
4674 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "BEGIN failed--compilation aborted");
4676 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s failed--call queue aborted",
4677 paramList == PL_checkav ? "CHECK"
4678 : paramList == PL_initav ? "INIT"
4685 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
4686 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
4689 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: restartop\n");
4698 S_call_list_body(pTHX_ CV *cv)
4700 PUSHMARK(PL_stack_sp);
4701 call_sv((SV*)cv, G_EVAL|G_DISCARD);
4706 Perl_my_exit(pTHX_ U32 status)
4708 DEBUG_S(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "my_exit: thread %p, status %lu\n",
4709 thr, (unsigned long) status));
4718 STATUS_NATIVE_SET(status);
4725 Perl_my_failure_exit(pTHX)
4728 if (vaxc$errno & 1) {
4729 if (STATUS_NATIVE & 1) /* fortuitiously includes "-1" */
4730 STATUS_NATIVE_SET(44);
4733 if (!vaxc$errno) /* unlikely */
4734 STATUS_NATIVE_SET(44);
4736 STATUS_NATIVE_SET(vaxc$errno);
4741 STATUS_POSIX_SET(errno);
4743 exitstatus = STATUS_POSIX >> 8;
4744 if (exitstatus & 255)
4745 STATUS_POSIX_SET(exitstatus);
4747 STATUS_POSIX_SET(255);
4754 S_my_exit_jump(pTHX)
4756 register PERL_CONTEXT *cx;
4761 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
4762 PL_e_script = Nullsv;
4765 POPSTACK_TO(PL_mainstack);
4766 if (cxstack_ix >= 0) {
4769 POPBLOCK(cx,PL_curpm);
4777 read_e_script(pTHX_ int idx, SV *buf_sv, int maxlen)
4783 p = SvPVX(PL_e_script);
4784 nl = strchr(p, '\n');
4785 nl = (nl) ? nl+1 : SvEND(PL_e_script);
4787 filter_del(read_e_script);
4790 sv_catpvn(buf_sv, p, nl-p);
4791 sv_chop(PL_e_script, nl);