3 * Copyright (C) 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
4 * 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * "A ship then new they built for him/of mithril and of elven glass" --Bilbo
15 /* This file contains the top-level functions that are used to create, use
16 * and destroy a perl interpreter, plus the functions used by XS code to
17 * call back into perl. Note that it does not contain the actual main()
18 * function of the interpreter; that can be found in perlmain.c
23 * Be proud that perl(1) may proclaim:
24 * Setuid Perl scripts are safer than C programs ...
25 * Do not abandon (deprecate) suidperl. Do not advocate C wrappers.
27 * The flow was: perl starts, notices script is suid, execs suidperl with same
28 * arguments; suidperl opens script, checks many things, sets itself with
29 * right UID, execs perl with similar arguments but with script pre-opened on
30 * /dev/fd/xxx; perl checks script is as should be and does work. This was
31 * insecure: see perlsec(1) for many problems with this approach.
33 * The "correct" flow should be: perl starts, opens script and notices it is
34 * suid, checks many things, execs suidperl with similar arguments but with
35 * script on /dev/fd/xxx; suidperl checks script and /dev/fd/xxx object are
36 * same, checks arguments match #! line, sets itself with right UID, execs
37 * perl with same arguments; perl checks many things and does work.
39 * (Opening the script in perl instead of suidperl, we "lose" scripts that
40 * are readable to the target UID but not to the invoker. Where did
41 * unreadable scripts work anyway?)
43 * For now, suidperl and perl are pretty much the same large and cumbersome
44 * program, so suidperl can check its argument list (see comments elsewhere).
47 * Original bug report:
48 * http://bugs.perl.org/index.html?req=bug_id&bug_id=20010322.218
49 * http://rt.perl.org/rt2/Ticket/Display.html?id=6511
50 * Comments and discussion with Debian:
51 * http://bugs.debian.org/203426
52 * http://bugs.debian.org/220486
53 * Debian Security Advisory DSA 431-1 (does not fully fix problem):
54 * http://www.debian.org/security/2004/dsa-431
56 * http://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CAN-2003-0618
57 * Previous versions of this patch sent to perl5-porters:
58 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg71953.html
59 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75245.html
60 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75563.html
61 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75635.html
63 Paul Szabo - psz@maths.usyd.edu.au http://www.maths.usyd.edu.au:8000/u/psz/
64 School of Mathematics and Statistics University of Sydney 2006 Australia
68 * Use truthful, neat, specific error messages.
69 * Cannot always hide the truth; security must not depend on doing so.
73 * Use global(?), thread-local fdscript for easier checks.
74 * (I do not understand how we could possibly get a thread race:
75 * do not all threads go through the same initialization? Or in
76 * fact, are not threads started only after we get the script and
77 * so know what to do? Oh well, make things super-safe...)
81 #define PERL_IN_PERL_C
83 #include "patchlevel.h" /* for local_patches */
87 char *nw_get_sitelib(const char *pl);
90 /* XXX If this causes problems, set i_unistd=undef in the hint file. */
107 #if !defined(STANDARD_C) && !defined(HAS_GETENV_PROTOTYPE) && !defined(PERL_MICRO)
108 char *getenv (char *); /* Usually in <stdlib.h> */
111 static I32 read_e_script(pTHX_ int idx, SV *buf_sv, int maxlen);
119 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
126 S_init_tls_and_interp(PerlInterpreter *my_perl)
130 PERL_SET_INTERP(my_perl);
131 #if defined(USE_ITHREADS)
134 PERL_SET_THX(my_perl);
136 MUTEX_INIT(&PL_dollarzero_mutex);
140 PERL_SET_THX(my_perl);
144 #ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
146 perl_alloc_using(struct IPerlMem* ipM, struct IPerlMem* ipMS,
147 struct IPerlMem* ipMP, struct IPerlEnv* ipE,
148 struct IPerlStdIO* ipStd, struct IPerlLIO* ipLIO,
149 struct IPerlDir* ipD, struct IPerlSock* ipS,
150 struct IPerlProc* ipP)
152 PerlInterpreter *my_perl;
153 /* New() needs interpreter, so call malloc() instead */
154 my_perl = (PerlInterpreter*)(*ipM->pMalloc)(ipM, sizeof(PerlInterpreter));
155 S_init_tls_and_interp(my_perl);
156 Zero(my_perl, 1, PerlInterpreter);
172 =head1 Embedding Functions
174 =for apidoc perl_alloc
176 Allocates a new Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
184 PerlInterpreter *my_perl;
186 /* New() needs interpreter, so call malloc() instead */
187 my_perl = (PerlInterpreter*)PerlMem_malloc(sizeof(PerlInterpreter));
189 S_init_tls_and_interp(my_perl);
190 return (PerlInterpreter *) ZeroD(my_perl, 1, PerlInterpreter);
192 #endif /* PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS */
195 =for apidoc perl_construct
197 Initializes a new Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
203 perl_construct(pTHXx)
208 PL_perl_destruct_level = 1;
210 if (PL_perl_destruct_level > 0)
213 /* Init the real globals (and main thread)? */
215 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling; /* needed by ckWARN, right away */
217 PL_linestr = NEWSV(65,79);
218 sv_upgrade(PL_linestr,SVt_PVIV);
220 if (!SvREADONLY(&PL_sv_undef)) {
221 /* set read-only and try to insure than we wont see REFCNT==0
224 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_undef);
225 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_undef) = (~(U32)0)/2;
227 sv_setpv(&PL_sv_no,PL_No);
228 /* value lookup in void context - happens to have the side effect
229 of caching the numeric forms. */
232 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_no);
233 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_no) = (~(U32)0)/2;
235 sv_setpv(&PL_sv_yes,PL_Yes);
238 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_yes);
239 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_yes) = (~(U32)0)/2;
241 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_placeholder);
242 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_placeholder) = (~(U32)0)/2;
245 PL_sighandlerp = Perl_sighandler;
246 PL_pidstatus = newHV();
249 PL_rs = newSVpvn("\n", 1);
254 PL_lex_state = LEX_NOTPARSING;
260 SET_NUMERIC_STANDARD();
262 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
263 PL_localpatches = local_patches; /* For possible -v */
266 #ifdef HAVE_INTERP_INTERN
270 PerlIO_init(aTHX); /* Hook to IO system */
272 PL_fdpid = newAV(); /* for remembering popen pids by fd */
273 PL_modglobal = newHV(); /* pointers to per-interpreter module globals */
274 PL_errors = newSVpvn("",0);
275 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(0), "", 0); /* For regex debugging. */
276 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(1), "", 0); /* ext/re needs these */
277 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(2), "", 0); /* even without DEBUGGING. */
279 PL_regex_padav = newAV();
280 av_push(PL_regex_padav,(SV*)newAV()); /* First entry is an array of empty elements */
281 PL_regex_pad = AvARRAY(PL_regex_padav);
283 #ifdef USE_REENTRANT_API
284 Perl_reentrant_init(aTHX);
287 /* Note that strtab is a rather special HV. Assumptions are made
288 about not iterating on it, and not adding tie magic to it.
289 It is properly deallocated in perl_destruct() */
292 HvSHAREKEYS_off(PL_strtab); /* mandatory */
293 hv_ksplit(PL_strtab, 512);
295 #if defined(__DYNAMIC__) && (defined(NeXT) || defined(__NeXT__))
296 _dyld_lookup_and_bind
297 ("__environ", (unsigned long *) &environ_pointer, NULL);
301 # ifdef USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY
302 PL_origenviron = environ;
306 /* Use sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK) if available, if not
307 * available or if the sysconf() fails, use the HZ.
308 * BeOS has those, but returns the wrong value.
309 * The HZ if not originally defined has been by now
310 * been defined as CLK_TCK, if available. */
311 #if defined(HAS_SYSCONF) && defined(_SC_CLK_TCK) && !defined(__BEOS__)
312 PL_clocktick = sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK);
313 if (PL_clocktick <= 0)
317 PL_stashcache = newHV();
319 PL_patchlevel = newSVpv(
320 Perl_form(aTHX_ "%d.%d.%d",
323 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION ), 0
327 if (!PL_mmap_page_size) {
328 #if defined(HAS_SYSCONF) && (defined(_SC_PAGESIZE) || defined(_SC_MMAP_PAGE_SIZE))
330 SETERRNO(0, SS_NORMAL);
332 PL_mmap_page_size = sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE);
334 PL_mmap_page_size = sysconf(_SC_MMAP_PAGE_SIZE);
336 if ((long) PL_mmap_page_size < 0) {
339 (void) SvUPGRADE(error, SVt_PV);
340 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: sysconf: %s", SvPV_nolen_const(error));
343 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: sysconf: pagesize unknown");
347 # ifdef HAS_GETPAGESIZE
348 PL_mmap_page_size = getpagesize();
350 # if defined(I_SYS_PARAM) && defined(PAGESIZE)
351 PL_mmap_page_size = PAGESIZE; /* compiletime, bad */
355 if (PL_mmap_page_size <= 0)
356 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: bad pagesize %" IVdf,
357 (IV) PL_mmap_page_size);
359 #endif /* HAS_MMAP */
361 #if defined(HAS_TIMES) && defined(PERL_NEED_TIMESBASE)
362 PL_timesbase.tms_utime = 0;
363 PL_timesbase.tms_stime = 0;
364 PL_timesbase.tms_cutime = 0;
365 PL_timesbase.tms_cstime = 0;
372 =for apidoc nothreadhook
374 Stub that provides thread hook for perl_destruct when there are
381 Perl_nothreadhook(pTHX)
387 =for apidoc perl_destruct
389 Shuts down a Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
398 volatile int destruct_level; /* 0=none, 1=full, 2=full with checks */
401 /* wait for all pseudo-forked children to finish */
402 PERL_WAIT_FOR_CHILDREN;
404 destruct_level = PL_perl_destruct_level;
408 if ((s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL"))) {
409 const int i = atoi(s);
410 if (destruct_level < i)
416 if (PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_DESTRUCT_END) {
421 if (PL_endav && !PL_minus_c)
422 call_list(PL_scopestack_ix, PL_endav);
428 /* Need to flush since END blocks can produce output */
431 if (CALL_FPTR(PL_threadhook)(aTHX)) {
432 /* Threads hook has vetoed further cleanup */
433 return STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
436 /* We must account for everything. */
438 /* Destroy the main CV and syntax tree */
440 /* ensure comppad/curpad to refer to main's pad */
441 if (CvPADLIST(PL_main_cv)) {
442 PAD_SET_CUR_NOSAVE(CvPADLIST(PL_main_cv), 1);
444 op_free(PL_main_root);
445 PL_main_root = Nullop;
447 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
448 PL_main_start = Nullop;
449 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_main_cv);
453 /* Tell PerlIO we are about to tear things apart in case
454 we have layers which are using resources that should
458 PerlIO_destruct(aTHX);
460 if (PL_sv_objcount) {
462 * Try to destruct global references. We do this first so that the
463 * destructors and destructees still exist. Some sv's might remain.
464 * Non-referenced objects are on their own.
470 /* unhook hooks which will soon be, or use, destroyed data */
471 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_warnhook);
472 PL_warnhook = Nullsv;
473 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_diehook);
476 /* call exit list functions */
477 while (PL_exitlistlen-- > 0)
478 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].fn(aTHX_ PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].ptr);
480 Safefree(PL_exitlist);
485 if (destruct_level == 0){
487 DEBUG_P(debprofdump());
489 #if defined(PERLIO_LAYERS)
490 /* No more IO - including error messages ! */
491 PerlIO_cleanup(aTHX);
494 /* The exit() function will do everything that needs doing. */
495 return STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
498 /* jettison our possibly duplicated environment */
499 /* if PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV is defined environ will not have been copied
500 * so we certainly shouldn't free it here
503 #if defined(USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY) && !defined(PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV)
504 if (environ != PL_origenviron && !PL_use_safe_putenv
506 /* only main thread can free environ[0] contents */
507 && PL_curinterp == aTHX
513 for (i = 0; environ[i]; i++)
514 safesysfree(environ[i]);
516 /* Must use safesysfree() when working with environ. */
517 safesysfree(environ);
519 environ = PL_origenviron;
522 #endif /* !PERL_MICRO */
524 /* reset so print() ends up where we expect */
528 /* the syntax tree is shared between clones
529 * so op_free(PL_main_root) only ReREFCNT_dec's
530 * REGEXPs in the parent interpreter
531 * we need to manually ReREFCNT_dec for the clones
534 I32 i = AvFILLp(PL_regex_padav) + 1;
535 SV **ary = AvARRAY(PL_regex_padav);
540 if (SvFLAGS(resv) & SVf_BREAK) {
541 /* this is PL_reg_curpm, already freed
542 * flag is set in regexec.c:S_regtry
544 SvFLAGS(resv) &= ~SVf_BREAK;
546 else if(SvREPADTMP(resv)) {
547 SvREPADTMP_off(resv);
549 else if(SvIOKp(resv)) {
550 REGEXP *re = INT2PTR(REGEXP *,SvIVX(resv));
555 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_regex_padav);
556 PL_regex_padav = Nullav;
560 SvREFCNT_dec((SV*) PL_stashcache);
561 PL_stashcache = NULL;
563 /* loosen bonds of global variables */
566 (void)PerlIO_close(PL_rsfp);
570 /* Filters for program text */
571 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rsfp_filters);
572 PL_rsfp_filters = Nullav;
575 PL_preprocess = FALSE;
581 PL_doswitches = FALSE;
582 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_OFF;
583 PL_doextract = FALSE;
584 PL_sawampersand = FALSE; /* must save all match strings */
587 Safefree(PL_inplace);
589 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_patchlevel);
592 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
593 PL_e_script = Nullsv;
598 /* magical thingies */
600 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ofs_sv); /* $, */
603 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ors_sv); /* $\ */
606 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rs); /* $/ */
609 PL_multiline = 0; /* $* */
610 Safefree(PL_osname); /* $^O */
613 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_statname);
614 PL_statname = Nullsv;
617 /* defgv, aka *_ should be taken care of elsewhere */
619 /* clean up after study() */
620 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_lastscream);
621 PL_lastscream = Nullsv;
622 Safefree(PL_screamfirst);
624 Safefree(PL_screamnext);
628 Safefree(PL_efloatbuf);
629 PL_efloatbuf = Nullch;
632 /* startup and shutdown function lists */
633 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_beginav);
634 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_beginav_save);
635 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_endav);
636 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_checkav);
637 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_checkav_save);
638 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_initav);
640 PL_beginav_save = Nullav;
643 PL_checkav_save = Nullav;
646 /* shortcuts just get cleared */
652 PL_argvoutgv = Nullgv;
654 PL_stderrgv = Nullgv;
655 PL_last_in_gv = Nullgv;
660 PL_DBsingle = Nullsv;
662 PL_DBsignal = Nullsv;
663 PL_DBassertion = Nullsv;
666 PL_debstash = Nullhv;
668 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_argvout_stack);
669 PL_argvout_stack = Nullav;
671 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_modglobal);
672 PL_modglobal = Nullhv;
673 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_preambleav);
674 PL_preambleav = Nullav;
675 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_subname);
677 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_linestr);
679 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_pidstatus);
680 PL_pidstatus = Nullhv;
681 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_toptarget);
682 PL_toptarget = Nullsv;
683 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_bodytarget);
684 PL_bodytarget = Nullsv;
685 PL_formtarget = Nullsv;
687 /* free locale stuff */
688 #ifdef USE_LOCALE_COLLATE
689 Safefree(PL_collation_name);
690 PL_collation_name = Nullch;
693 #ifdef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC
694 Safefree(PL_numeric_name);
695 PL_numeric_name = Nullch;
696 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_numeric_radix_sv);
697 PL_numeric_radix_sv = Nullsv;
700 /* clear utf8 character classes */
701 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alnum);
702 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alnumc);
703 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_ascii);
704 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alpha);
705 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_space);
706 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_cntrl);
707 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_graph);
708 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_digit);
709 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_upper);
710 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_lower);
711 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_print);
712 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_punct);
713 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_xdigit);
714 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_mark);
715 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_toupper);
716 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_totitle);
717 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_tolower);
718 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_tofold);
719 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_idstart);
720 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_idcont);
721 PL_utf8_alnum = Nullsv;
722 PL_utf8_alnumc = Nullsv;
723 PL_utf8_ascii = Nullsv;
724 PL_utf8_alpha = Nullsv;
725 PL_utf8_space = Nullsv;
726 PL_utf8_cntrl = Nullsv;
727 PL_utf8_graph = Nullsv;
728 PL_utf8_digit = Nullsv;
729 PL_utf8_upper = Nullsv;
730 PL_utf8_lower = Nullsv;
731 PL_utf8_print = Nullsv;
732 PL_utf8_punct = Nullsv;
733 PL_utf8_xdigit = Nullsv;
734 PL_utf8_mark = Nullsv;
735 PL_utf8_toupper = Nullsv;
736 PL_utf8_totitle = Nullsv;
737 PL_utf8_tolower = Nullsv;
738 PL_utf8_tofold = Nullsv;
739 PL_utf8_idstart = Nullsv;
740 PL_utf8_idcont = Nullsv;
742 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
743 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
744 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = Nullsv;
745 if (!specialCopIO(PL_compiling.cop_io))
746 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_io);
747 PL_compiling.cop_io = Nullsv;
748 CopFILE_free(&PL_compiling);
749 CopSTASH_free(&PL_compiling);
751 /* Prepare to destruct main symbol table. */
756 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_curstname);
757 PL_curstname = Nullsv;
759 /* clear queued errors */
760 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_errors);
764 if (destruct_level >= 2 && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL)) {
765 if (PL_scopestack_ix != 0)
766 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
767 "Unbalanced scopes: %ld more ENTERs than LEAVEs\n",
768 (long)PL_scopestack_ix);
769 if (PL_savestack_ix != 0)
770 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
771 "Unbalanced saves: %ld more saves than restores\n",
772 (long)PL_savestack_ix);
773 if (PL_tmps_floor != -1)
774 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Unbalanced tmps: %ld more allocs than frees\n",
775 (long)PL_tmps_floor + 1);
776 if (cxstack_ix != -1)
777 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Unbalanced context: %ld more PUSHes than POPs\n",
778 (long)cxstack_ix + 1);
781 /* Now absolutely destruct everything, somehow or other, loops or no. */
782 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) |= SVTYPEMASK; /* don't clean out pid table now */
783 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) |= SVTYPEMASK; /* don't clean out strtab now */
785 /* the 2 is for PL_fdpid and PL_strtab */
786 while (PL_sv_count > 2 && sv_clean_all())
789 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) &= ~SVTYPEMASK;
790 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) |= SVt_PVAV;
791 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) &= ~SVTYPEMASK;
792 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) |= SVt_PVHV;
794 AvREAL_off(PL_fdpid); /* no surviving entries */
795 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_fdpid); /* needed in io_close() */
798 #ifdef HAVE_INTERP_INTERN
802 /* Destruct the global string table. */
804 /* Yell and reset the HeVAL() slots that are still holding refcounts,
805 * so that sv_free() won't fail on them.
813 max = HvMAX(PL_strtab);
814 array = HvARRAY(PL_strtab);
817 if (hent && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL)) {
818 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
819 "Unbalanced string table refcount: (%d) for \"%s\"",
820 HeVAL(hent) - Nullsv, HeKEY(hent));
821 HeVAL(hent) = Nullsv;
831 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_strtab);
834 /* free the pointer tables used for cloning */
835 ptr_table_free(PL_ptr_table);
836 PL_ptr_table = (PTR_TBL_t*)NULL;
839 /* free special SVs */
841 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_yes) = 0;
842 sv_clear(&PL_sv_yes);
843 SvANY(&PL_sv_yes) = NULL;
844 SvFLAGS(&PL_sv_yes) = 0;
846 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_no) = 0;
848 SvANY(&PL_sv_no) = NULL;
849 SvFLAGS(&PL_sv_no) = 0;
853 for (i=0; i<=2; i++) {
854 SvREFCNT(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = 0;
855 sv_clear(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i));
856 SvANY(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = NULL;
857 SvFLAGS(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = 0;
861 if (PL_sv_count != 0 && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
862 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Scalars leaked: %ld\n", (long)PL_sv_count);
864 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS
865 if (PL_sv_count != 0) {
870 for (sva = PL_sv_arenaroot; sva; sva = (SV*)SvANY(sva)) {
871 svend = &sva[SvREFCNT(sva)];
872 for (sv = sva + 1; sv < svend; ++sv) {
873 if (SvTYPE(sv) != SVTYPEMASK) {
874 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "leaked: sv=0x%p"
876 " refcnt=%"UVuf pTHX__FORMAT "\n"
877 "\tallocated at %s:%d %s %s%s\n",
878 sv, sv->sv_flags, sv->sv_refcnt pTHX__VALUE,
879 sv->sv_debug_file ? sv->sv_debug_file : "(unknown)",
881 sv->sv_debug_inpad ? "for" : "by",
882 sv->sv_debug_optype ?
883 PL_op_name[sv->sv_debug_optype]: "(none)",
884 sv->sv_debug_cloned ? " (cloned)" : ""
894 #if defined(PERLIO_LAYERS)
895 /* No more IO - including error messages ! */
896 PerlIO_cleanup(aTHX);
899 /* sv_undef needs to stay immortal until after PerlIO_cleanup
900 as currently layers use it rather than Nullsv as a marker
901 for no arg - and will try and SvREFCNT_dec it.
903 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_undef) = 0;
904 SvREADONLY_off(&PL_sv_undef);
906 Safefree(PL_origfilename);
907 PL_origfilename = Nullch;
908 Safefree(PL_reg_start_tmp);
909 PL_reg_start_tmp = (char**)NULL;
910 PL_reg_start_tmpl = 0;
912 Safefree(PL_reg_curpm);
913 Safefree(PL_reg_poscache);
915 Safefree(PL_op_mask);
916 Safefree(PL_psig_ptr);
917 PL_psig_ptr = (SV**)NULL;
918 Safefree(PL_psig_name);
919 PL_psig_name = (SV**)NULL;
920 Safefree(PL_bitcount);
921 PL_bitcount = Nullch;
922 Safefree(PL_psig_pend);
923 PL_psig_pend = (int*)NULL;
924 PL_formfeed = Nullsv;
929 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
930 PL_hints = 0; /* Reset hints. Should hints be per-interpreter ? */
933 DEBUG_P(debprofdump());
935 #ifdef USE_REENTRANT_API
936 Perl_reentrant_free(aTHX);
941 /* As the absolutely last thing, free the non-arena SV for mess() */
944 /* we know that type == SVt_PVMG */
946 /* it could have accumulated taint magic */
949 for (mg = SvMAGIC(PL_mess_sv); mg; mg = moremagic) {
950 moremagic = mg->mg_moremagic;
951 if (mg->mg_ptr && mg->mg_type != PERL_MAGIC_regex_global
953 Safefree(mg->mg_ptr);
957 /* we know that type >= SVt_PV */
958 SvPV_free(PL_mess_sv);
959 Safefree(SvANY(PL_mess_sv));
960 Safefree(PL_mess_sv);
963 return STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
967 =for apidoc perl_free
969 Releases a Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
977 #if defined(WIN32) || defined(NETWARE)
978 # if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS)
980 void *host = nw_internal_host;
982 void *host = w32_internal_host;
986 nw_delete_internal_host(host);
988 win32_delete_internal_host(host);
998 #if defined(USE_5005THREADS) || defined(USE_ITHREADS)
999 /* provide destructors to clean up the thread key when libperl is unloaded */
1000 #ifndef WIN32 /* handled during DLL_PROCESS_DETACH in win32/perllib.c */
1002 #if defined(__hpux) && __ux_version > 1020 && !defined(__GNUC__)
1003 #pragma fini "perl_fini"
1007 #if defined(__GNUC__)
1008 __attribute__((destructor))
1018 #endif /* THREADS */
1021 Perl_call_atexit(pTHX_ ATEXIT_t fn, void *ptr)
1023 Renew(PL_exitlist, PL_exitlistlen+1, PerlExitListEntry);
1024 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].fn = fn;
1025 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].ptr = ptr;
1029 #ifdef HAS_PROCSELFEXE
1030 /* This is a function so that we don't hold on to MAXPATHLEN
1031 bytes of stack longer than necessary
1034 S_procself_val(pTHX_ SV *sv, const char *arg0)
1036 char buf[MAXPATHLEN];
1037 int len = readlink(PROCSELFEXE_PATH, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);
1039 /* On Playstation2 Linux V1.0 (kernel 2.2.1) readlink(/proc/self/exe)
1040 includes a spurious NUL which will cause $^X to fail in system
1041 or backticks (this will prevent extensions from being built and
1042 many tests from working). readlink is not meant to add a NUL.
1043 Normal readlink works fine.
1045 if (len > 0 && buf[len-1] == '\0') {
1049 /* FreeBSD's implementation is acknowledged to be imperfect, sometimes
1050 returning the text "unknown" from the readlink rather than the path
1051 to the executable (or returning an error from the readlink). Any valid
1052 path has a '/' in it somewhere, so use that to validate the result.
1053 See http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/query-pr.cgi?pr=35703
1055 if (len > 0 && memchr(buf, '/', len)) {
1056 sv_setpvn(sv,buf,len);
1062 #endif /* HAS_PROCSELFEXE */
1065 S_set_caret_X(pTHX) {
1066 GV* tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("\030",TRUE, SVt_PV); /* $^X */
1068 #ifdef HAS_PROCSELFEXE
1069 S_procself_val(aTHX_ GvSV(tmpgv), PL_origargv[0]);
1072 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv), os2_execname(aTHX));
1074 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv),PL_origargv[0]);
1081 =for apidoc perl_parse
1083 Tells a Perl interpreter to parse a Perl script. See L<perlembed>.
1089 perl_parse(pTHXx_ XSINIT_t xsinit, int argc, char **argv, char **env)
1096 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
1099 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "suidperl is no longer needed since the kernel can now execute\n\
1100 setuid perl scripts securely.\n");
1101 #endif /* IAMSUID */
1104 #if defined(USE_HASH_SEED) || defined(USE_HASH_SEED_EXPLICIT)
1105 /* [perl #22371] Algorimic Complexity Attack on Perl 5.6.1, 5.8.0
1106 * This MUST be done before any hash stores or fetches take place.
1107 * If you set PL_rehash_seed (and assumedly also PL_rehash_seed_set)
1108 * yourself, it is your responsibility to provide a good random seed!
1109 * You can also define PERL_HASH_SEED in compile time, see hv.h. */
1110 if (!PL_rehash_seed_set)
1111 PL_rehash_seed = get_hash_seed();
1113 char *s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_HASH_SEED_DEBUG");
1119 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "HASH_SEED = %"UVuf"\n",
1123 #endif /* #if defined(USE_HASH_SEED) || defined(USE_HASH_SEED_EXPLICIT) */
1129 /* Set PL_origalen be the sum of the contiguous argv[]
1130 * elements plus the size of the env in case that it is
1131 * contiguous with the argv[]. This is used in mg.c:Perl_magic_set()
1132 * as the maximum modifiable length of $0. In the worst case
1133 * the area we are able to modify is limited to the size of
1134 * the original argv[0]. (See below for 'contiguous', though.)
1136 const char *s = NULL;
1139 ~(UV)(PTRSIZE == 4 ? 3 : PTRSIZE == 8 ? 7 : PTRSIZE == 16 ? 15 : 0);
1140 /* Do the mask check only if the args seem like aligned. */
1142 (mask < ~(UV)0) && ((PTR2UV(argv[0]) & mask) == PTR2UV(argv[0]));
1144 /* See if all the arguments are contiguous in memory. Note
1145 * that 'contiguous' is a loose term because some platforms
1146 * align the argv[] and the envp[]. If the arguments look
1147 * like non-aligned, assume that they are 'strictly' or
1148 * 'traditionally' contiguous. If the arguments look like
1149 * aligned, we just check that they are within aligned
1150 * PTRSIZE bytes. As long as no system has something bizarre
1151 * like the argv[] interleaved with some other data, we are
1152 * fine. (Did I just evoke Murphy's Law?) --jhi */
1153 if (PL_origargv && PL_origargc >= 1 && (s = PL_origargv[0])) {
1155 for (i = 1; i < PL_origargc; i++) {
1156 if ((PL_origargv[i] == s + 1
1158 || PL_origargv[i] == s + 2
1163 (PL_origargv[i] > s &&
1165 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1175 /* Can we grab env area too to be used as the area for $0? */
1176 if (PL_origenviron) {
1177 if ((PL_origenviron[0] == s + 1
1179 || (PL_origenviron[0] == s + 9 && (s += 8))
1184 (PL_origenviron[0] > s &&
1185 PL_origenviron[0] <=
1186 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1190 s = PL_origenviron[0];
1193 my_setenv("NoNe SuCh", Nullch);
1194 /* Force copy of environment. */
1195 for (i = 1; PL_origenviron[i]; i++) {
1196 if (PL_origenviron[i] == s + 1
1199 (PL_origenviron[i] > s &&
1200 PL_origenviron[i] <=
1201 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1204 s = PL_origenviron[i];
1212 PL_origalen = s - PL_origargv[0] + 1;
1217 /* Come here if running an undumped a.out. */
1219 PL_origfilename = savepv(argv[0]);
1220 PL_do_undump = FALSE;
1221 cxstack_ix = -1; /* start label stack again */
1223 assert (!PL_tainted);
1225 S_set_caret_X(aTHX);
1227 init_postdump_symbols(argc,argv,env);
1232 op_free(PL_main_root);
1233 PL_main_root = Nullop;
1235 PL_main_start = Nullop;
1236 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_main_cv);
1237 PL_main_cv = Nullcv;
1240 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
1241 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_OFF;
1246 parse_body(env,xsinit);
1248 call_list(oldscope, PL_checkav);
1255 /* my_exit() was called */
1256 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
1259 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
1261 call_list(oldscope, PL_checkav);
1262 ret = STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
1265 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: top_env\n");
1274 S_parse_body(pTHX_ char **env, XSINIT_t xsinit)
1277 int argc = PL_origargc;
1278 char **argv = PL_origargv;
1279 const char *scriptname = NULL;
1280 VOL bool dosearch = FALSE;
1281 const char *validarg = "";
1284 const char *cddir = Nullch;
1285 #ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
1286 bool minus_f = FALSE;
1291 sv_setpvn(PL_linestr,"",0);
1292 sv = newSVpvn("",0); /* first used for -I flags */
1296 for (argc--,argv++; argc > 0; argc--,argv++) {
1297 if (argv[0][0] != '-' || !argv[0][1])
1301 validarg = " PHOOEY ";
1305 * Can we rely on the kernel to start scripts with argv[1] set to
1306 * contain all #! line switches (the whole line)? (argv[0] is set to
1307 * the interpreter name, argv[2] to the script name; argv[3] and
1308 * above may contain other arguments.)
1315 #ifndef PERL_STRICT_CR
1340 if ((s = moreswitches(s)))
1345 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('t');
1346 if( !PL_tainting ) {
1347 PL_taint_warn = TRUE;
1353 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('T');
1355 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
1360 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1361 /* ignore -e for Dev:Pseudo argument */
1362 if (argv[1] && !strcmp(argv[1], "Dev:Pseudo"))
1367 PL_e_script = newSVpvn("",0);
1368 filter_add(read_e_script, NULL);
1371 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, s);
1373 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, argv[1]);
1377 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No code specified for -e");
1378 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, "\n");
1382 #ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
1388 case 'I': /* -I handled both here and in moreswitches() */
1390 if (!*++s && (s=argv[1]) != Nullch) {
1395 STRLEN len = strlen(s);
1396 p = savepvn(s, len);
1397 incpush(p, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE, FALSE);
1398 sv_catpvn(sv, "-I", 2);
1399 sv_catpvn(sv, p, len);
1400 sv_catpvn(sv, " ", 1);
1404 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No directory specified for -I");
1408 PL_preprocess = TRUE;
1418 PL_preambleav = newAV();
1419 av_push(PL_preambleav, newSVpv("use Config qw(myconfig config_vars)",0));
1423 PL_Sv = newSVpv("print myconfig();",0);
1425 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"print \"\\nCharacteristics of this PERLSHR image: \\n\",");
1427 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"print \"\\nCharacteristics of this binary (from libperl): \\n\",");
1429 opts = SvCUR(PL_Sv);
1431 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"\" Compile-time options:");
1433 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," DEBUGGING");
1435 # ifdef MULTIPLICITY
1436 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," MULTIPLICITY");
1438 # ifdef USE_5005THREADS
1439 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_5005THREADS");
1441 # ifdef USE_ITHREADS
1442 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_ITHREADS");
1444 # ifdef USE_64_BIT_INT
1445 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_64_BIT_INT");
1447 # ifdef USE_64_BIT_ALL
1448 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_64_BIT_ALL");
1450 # ifdef USE_LONG_DOUBLE
1451 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_LONG_DOUBLE");
1453 # ifdef USE_LARGE_FILES
1454 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_LARGE_FILES");
1457 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_SOCKS");
1459 # ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
1460 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_SITECUSTOMIZE");
1462 # ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
1463 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT");
1465 # ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
1466 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS");
1469 while (SvCUR(PL_Sv) > opts+76) {
1470 /* find last space after "options: " and before col 76 */
1473 char *pv = SvPV_nolen(PL_Sv);
1474 const char c = pv[opts+76];
1476 space = strrchr(pv+opts+26, ' ');
1478 if (!space) break; /* "Can't happen" */
1480 /* break the line before that space */
1483 sv_insert(PL_Sv, opts, 0,
1487 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"\\n\",");
1489 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
1490 if (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT > 0) {
1492 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"\" Locally applied patches:\\n\",");
1493 for (i = 1; i <= LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT; i++) {
1494 if (PL_localpatches[i])
1495 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ PL_Sv,"q%c\t%s\n%c,",
1496 0, PL_localpatches[i], 0);
1500 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ PL_Sv,"\" Built under %s\\n\"",OSNAME);
1503 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ PL_Sv,",\" Compiled at %s %s\\n\"",__DATE__,__TIME__);
1505 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ PL_Sv,",\" Compiled on %s\\n\"",__DATE__);
1508 sv_catpv(PL_Sv, "; \
1510 @env = map { \"$_=\\\"$ENV{$_}\\\"\" } sort grep {/^PERL/} keys %ENV; ");
1513 push @env, \"CYGWIN=\\\"$ENV{CYGWIN}\\\"\";");
1516 print \" \\%ENV:\\n @env\\n\" if @env; \
1517 print \" \\@INC:\\n @INC\\n\";");
1520 PL_Sv = newSVpv("config_vars(qw(",0);
1521 sv_catpv(PL_Sv, ++s);
1522 sv_catpv(PL_Sv, "))");
1525 av_push(PL_preambleav, PL_Sv);
1526 scriptname = BIT_BUCKET; /* don't look for script or read stdin */
1529 PL_doextract = TRUE;
1537 if (!*++s || isSPACE(*s)) {
1541 /* catch use of gnu style long options */
1542 if (strEQ(s, "version")) {
1546 if (strEQ(s, "help")) {
1553 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Unrecognized switch: -%s (-h will show valid options)",s);
1559 #ifndef SECURE_INTERNAL_GETENV
1562 (s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL5OPT")))
1564 const char *popt = s;
1567 if (*s == '-' && *(s+1) == 'T') {
1568 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('T');
1570 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
1573 char *popt_copy = Nullch;
1586 if (!strchr("DIMUdmtwA", *s))
1587 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Illegal switch in PERL5OPT: -%c", *s);
1591 popt_copy = SvPVX(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(popt,0)));
1592 s = popt_copy + (s - popt);
1593 d = popt_copy + (d - popt);
1600 if( !PL_tainting ) {
1601 PL_taint_warn = TRUE;
1611 #ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
1614 PL_preambleav = newAV();
1615 av_unshift(PL_preambleav, 1);
1616 (void)av_store(PL_preambleav, 0, Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "BEGIN { do '%s/sitecustomize.pl' }", SITELIB_EXP));
1620 if (PL_taint_warn && PL_dowarn != G_WARN_ALL_OFF) {
1621 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = newSVpvn(WARN_TAINTstring, WARNsize);
1625 scriptname = argv[0];
1628 scriptname = BIT_BUCKET; /* don't look for script or read stdin */
1630 else if (scriptname == Nullch) {
1632 if ( PerlLIO_isatty(PerlIO_fileno(PerlIO_stdin())) )
1638 /* Set $^X early so that it can be used for relocatable paths in @INC */
1639 assert (!PL_tainted);
1641 S_set_caret_X(aTHX);
1645 open_script(scriptname,dosearch,sv);
1647 validate_suid(validarg, scriptname);
1650 #if defined(SIGCHLD) || defined(SIGCLD)
1653 # define SIGCHLD SIGCLD
1655 Sighandler_t sigstate = rsignal_state(SIGCHLD);
1656 if (sigstate == SIG_IGN) {
1657 if (ckWARN(WARN_SIGNAL))
1658 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_SIGNAL),
1659 "Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default");
1660 (void)rsignal(SIGCHLD, (Sighandler_t)SIG_DFL);
1666 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1667 if (PL_doextract || gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
1672 if (cddir && PerlDir_chdir( (char *)cddir ) < 0)
1673 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't chdir to %s",cddir);
1677 PL_main_cv = PL_compcv = (CV*)NEWSV(1104,0);
1678 sv_upgrade((SV *)PL_compcv, SVt_PVCV);
1679 CvUNIQUE_on(PL_compcv);
1681 CvPADLIST(PL_compcv) = pad_new(0);
1682 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
1683 CvOWNER(PL_compcv) = 0;
1684 New(666, CvMUTEXP(PL_compcv), 1, perl_mutex);
1685 MUTEX_INIT(CvMUTEXP(PL_compcv));
1686 #endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
1689 boot_core_UNIVERSAL();
1690 boot_core_xsutils();
1693 (*xsinit)(aTHX); /* in case linked C routines want magical variables */
1695 #if defined(VMS) || defined(WIN32) || defined(DJGPP) || defined(__CYGWIN__) || defined(EPOC)
1701 # ifdef HAS_SOCKS5_INIT
1702 socks5_init(argv[0]);
1708 init_predump_symbols();
1709 /* init_postdump_symbols not currently designed to be called */
1710 /* more than once (ENV isn't cleared first, for example) */
1711 /* But running with -u leaves %ENV & @ARGV undefined! XXX */
1713 init_postdump_symbols(argc,argv,env);
1715 /* PL_unicode is turned on by -C, or by $ENV{PERL_UNICODE},
1716 * or explicitly in some platforms.
1717 * locale.c:Perl_init_i18nl10n() if the environment
1718 * look like the user wants to use UTF-8. */
1719 #if defined(SYMBIAN)
1720 PL_unicode = PERL_UNICODE_STD_FLAG; /* See PERL_SYMBIAN_CONSOLE_UTF8. */
1723 /* Requires init_predump_symbols(). */
1724 if (!(PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_LOCALE_FLAG) || PL_utf8locale) {
1729 /* Turn on UTF-8-ness on STDIN, STDOUT, STDERR
1730 * and the default open disciplines. */
1731 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDIN_FLAG) &&
1732 PL_stdingv && (io = GvIO(PL_stdingv)) &&
1734 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
1735 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDOUT_FLAG) &&
1736 PL_defoutgv && (io = GvIO(PL_defoutgv)) &&
1738 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
1739 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDERR_FLAG) &&
1740 PL_stderrgv && (io = GvIO(PL_stderrgv)) &&
1742 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
1743 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_INOUT_FLAG) &&
1744 (sv = GvSV(gv_fetchpv("\017PEN", TRUE, SVt_PV)))) {
1745 U32 in = PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_IN_FLAG;
1746 U32 out = PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_OUT_FLAG;
1749 sv_setpvn(sv, ":utf8\0:utf8", 11);
1751 sv_setpvn(sv, ":utf8\0", 6);
1754 sv_setpvn(sv, "\0:utf8", 6);
1760 if ((s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_SIGNALS"))) {
1761 if (strEQ(s, "unsafe"))
1762 PL_signals |= PERL_SIGNALS_UNSAFE_FLAG;
1763 else if (strEQ(s, "safe"))
1764 PL_signals &= ~PERL_SIGNALS_UNSAFE_FLAG;
1766 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "PERL_SIGNALS illegal: \"%s\"", s);
1771 /* now parse the script */
1773 SETERRNO(0,SS_NORMAL);
1775 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1776 if (gMacPerl_SyntaxError = (yyparse() || PL_error_count)) {
1778 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s had compilation errors.\n", MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
1780 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Execution of %s aborted due to compilation errors.\n",
1781 MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
1785 if (yyparse() || PL_error_count) {
1787 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s had compilation errors.\n", PL_origfilename);
1789 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Execution of %s aborted due to compilation errors.\n",
1794 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, 0);
1795 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
1796 PL_preprocess = FALSE;
1798 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
1799 PL_e_script = Nullsv;
1806 SAVECOPFILE(PL_curcop);
1807 SAVECOPLINE(PL_curcop);
1808 gv_check(PL_defstash);
1815 if ((s=PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS")) && atoi(s) >= 2)
1816 dump_mstats("after compilation:");
1825 =for apidoc perl_run
1827 Tells a Perl interpreter to run. See L<perlembed>.
1839 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
1847 cxstack_ix = -1; /* start context stack again */
1849 case 0: /* normal completion */
1853 case 2: /* my_exit() */
1854 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
1857 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
1858 if (!(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_DESTRUCT_END) &&
1859 PL_endav && !PL_minus_c)
1860 call_list(oldscope, PL_endav);
1862 if (PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS"))
1863 dump_mstats("after execution: ");
1865 ret = STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
1869 POPSTACK_TO(PL_mainstack);
1872 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: restartop\n");
1884 S_run_body(pTHX_ I32 oldscope)
1886 DEBUG_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "%s $` $& $' support.\n",
1887 PL_sawampersand ? "Enabling" : "Omitting"));
1889 if (!PL_restartop) {
1890 DEBUG_x(dump_all());
1892 PERL_DEBUG(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "\nEXECUTING...\n\n"));
1893 DEBUG_S(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "main thread is 0x%"UVxf"\n",
1897 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1898 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "%s%s syntax OK\n",
1899 (gMacPerl_ErrorFormat ? "# " : ""),
1900 MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
1902 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "%s syntax OK\n", PL_origfilename);
1906 if (PERLDB_SINGLE && PL_DBsingle)
1907 sv_setiv(PL_DBsingle, 1);
1909 call_list(oldscope, PL_initav);
1915 PL_op = PL_restartop;
1919 else if (PL_main_start) {
1920 CvDEPTH(PL_main_cv) = 1;
1921 PL_op = PL_main_start;
1929 =head1 SV Manipulation Functions
1931 =for apidoc p||get_sv
1933 Returns the SV of the specified Perl scalar. If C<create> is set and the
1934 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
1935 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
1941 Perl_get_sv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
1944 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
1945 if (name[1] == '\0' && !isALPHA(name[0])) {
1946 PADOFFSET tmp = find_threadsv(name);
1947 if (tmp != NOT_IN_PAD)
1948 return THREADSV(tmp);
1950 #endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
1951 gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PV);
1958 =head1 Array Manipulation Functions
1960 =for apidoc p||get_av
1962 Returns the AV of the specified Perl array. If C<create> is set and the
1963 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
1964 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
1970 Perl_get_av(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
1972 GV* gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVAV);
1981 =head1 Hash Manipulation Functions
1983 =for apidoc p||get_hv
1985 Returns the HV of the specified Perl hash. If C<create> is set and the
1986 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
1987 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
1993 Perl_get_hv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
1995 GV* gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVHV);
2004 =head1 CV Manipulation Functions
2006 =for apidoc p||get_cv
2008 Returns the CV of the specified Perl subroutine. If C<create> is set and
2009 the Perl subroutine does not exist then it will be declared (which has the
2010 same effect as saying C<sub name;>). If C<create> is not set and the
2011 subroutine does not exist then NULL is returned.
2017 Perl_get_cv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
2019 GV* gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVCV);
2020 /* XXX unsafe for threads if eval_owner isn't held */
2021 /* XXX this is probably not what they think they're getting.
2022 * It has the same effect as "sub name;", i.e. just a forward
2024 if (create && !GvCVu(gv))
2025 return newSUB(start_subparse(FALSE, 0),
2026 newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSVpv(name,0)),
2034 /* Be sure to refetch the stack pointer after calling these routines. */
2038 =head1 Callback Functions
2040 =for apidoc p||call_argv
2042 Performs a callback to the specified Perl sub. See L<perlcall>.
2048 Perl_call_argv(pTHX_ const char *sub_name, I32 flags, register char **argv)
2050 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2051 /* null terminated arg list */
2058 XPUSHs(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(*argv,0)));
2063 return call_pv(sub_name, flags);
2067 =for apidoc p||call_pv
2069 Performs a callback to the specified Perl sub. See L<perlcall>.
2075 Perl_call_pv(pTHX_ const char *sub_name, I32 flags)
2076 /* name of the subroutine */
2077 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2079 return call_sv((SV*)get_cv(sub_name, TRUE), flags);
2083 =for apidoc p||call_method
2085 Performs a callback to the specified Perl method. The blessed object must
2086 be on the stack. See L<perlcall>.
2092 Perl_call_method(pTHX_ const char *methname, I32 flags)
2093 /* name of the subroutine */
2094 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2096 return call_sv(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(methname,0)), flags | G_METHOD);
2099 /* May be called with any of a CV, a GV, or an SV containing the name. */
2101 =for apidoc p||call_sv
2103 Performs a callback to the Perl sub whose name is in the SV. See
2110 Perl_call_sv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
2111 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2114 LOGOP myop; /* fake syntax tree node */
2117 volatile I32 retval = 0;
2119 bool oldcatch = CATCH_GET;
2124 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2129 Zero(&myop, 1, LOGOP);
2130 myop.op_next = Nullop;
2131 if (!(flags & G_NOARGS))
2132 myop.op_flags |= OPf_STACKED;
2133 myop.op_flags |= ((flags & G_VOID) ? OPf_WANT_VOID :
2134 (flags & G_ARRAY) ? OPf_WANT_LIST :
2139 EXTEND(PL_stack_sp, 1);
2140 *++PL_stack_sp = sv;
2142 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
2144 if (PERLDB_SUB && PL_curstash != PL_debstash
2145 /* Handle first BEGIN of -d. */
2146 && (PL_DBcv || (PL_DBcv = GvCV(PL_DBsub)))
2147 /* Try harder, since this may have been a sighandler, thus
2148 * curstash may be meaningless. */
2149 && (SvTYPE(sv) != SVt_PVCV || CvSTASH((CV*)sv) != PL_debstash)
2150 && !(flags & G_NODEBUG))
2151 PL_op->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_DB;
2153 if (flags & G_METHOD) {
2154 Zero(&method_op, 1, UNOP);
2155 method_op.op_next = PL_op;
2156 method_op.op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_METHOD];
2157 myop.op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_ENTERSUB];
2158 PL_op = (OP*)&method_op;
2161 if (!(flags & G_EVAL)) {
2163 call_body((OP*)&myop, FALSE);
2164 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2165 CATCH_SET(oldcatch);
2168 myop.op_other = (OP*)&myop;
2170 /* we're trying to emulate pp_entertry() here */
2172 register PERL_CONTEXT *cx;
2173 const I32 gimme = GIMME_V;
2178 PUSHBLOCK(cx, (CXt_EVAL|CXp_TRYBLOCK), PL_stack_sp);
2180 PL_eval_root = PL_op; /* Only needed so that goto works right. */
2182 PL_in_eval = EVAL_INEVAL;
2183 if (flags & G_KEEPERR)
2184 PL_in_eval |= EVAL_KEEPERR;
2186 sv_setpvn(ERRSV,"",0);
2194 call_body((OP*)&myop, FALSE);
2195 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2196 if (!(flags & G_KEEPERR))
2197 sv_setpvn(ERRSV,"",0);
2203 /* my_exit() was called */
2204 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2207 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED))
2208 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Callback called exit");
2213 PL_op = PL_restartop;
2217 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2218 if (flags & G_ARRAY)
2222 *++PL_stack_sp = &PL_sv_undef;
2227 if (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope) {
2231 register PERL_CONTEXT *cx;
2242 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2243 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2253 S_call_body(pTHX_ const OP *myop, bool is_eval)
2255 if (PL_op == myop) {
2257 PL_op = Perl_pp_entereval(aTHX); /* this doesn't do a POPMARK */
2259 PL_op = Perl_pp_entersub(aTHX); /* this does */
2265 /* Eval a string. The G_EVAL flag is always assumed. */
2268 =for apidoc p||eval_sv
2270 Tells Perl to C<eval> the string in the SV.
2276 Perl_eval_sv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
2278 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2281 UNOP myop; /* fake syntax tree node */
2282 volatile I32 oldmark = SP - PL_stack_base;
2283 volatile I32 retval = 0;
2288 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2295 Zero(PL_op, 1, UNOP);
2296 EXTEND(PL_stack_sp, 1);
2297 *++PL_stack_sp = sv;
2299 if (!(flags & G_NOARGS))
2300 myop.op_flags = OPf_STACKED;
2301 myop.op_next = Nullop;
2302 myop.op_type = OP_ENTEREVAL;
2303 myop.op_flags |= ((flags & G_VOID) ? OPf_WANT_VOID :
2304 (flags & G_ARRAY) ? OPf_WANT_LIST :
2306 if (flags & G_KEEPERR)
2307 myop.op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL;
2309 /* fail now; otherwise we could fail after the JMPENV_PUSH but
2310 * before a PUSHEVAL, which corrupts the stack after a croak */
2311 TAINT_PROPER("eval_sv()");
2317 call_body((OP*)&myop,TRUE);
2318 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2319 if (!(flags & G_KEEPERR))
2320 sv_setpvn(ERRSV,"",0);
2326 /* my_exit() was called */
2327 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2330 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED))
2331 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Callback called exit");
2336 PL_op = PL_restartop;
2340 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2341 if (flags & G_ARRAY)
2345 *++PL_stack_sp = &PL_sv_undef;
2351 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2352 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2362 =for apidoc p||eval_pv
2364 Tells Perl to C<eval> the given string and return an SV* result.
2370 Perl_eval_pv(pTHX_ const char *p, I32 croak_on_error)
2373 SV* sv = newSVpv(p, 0);
2375 eval_sv(sv, G_SCALAR);
2382 if (croak_on_error && SvTRUE(ERRSV)) {
2383 Perl_croak(aTHX_ SvPVx_nolen_const(ERRSV));
2389 /* Require a module. */
2392 =head1 Embedding Functions
2394 =for apidoc p||require_pv
2396 Tells Perl to C<require> the file named by the string argument. It is
2397 analogous to the Perl code C<eval "require '$file'">. It's even
2398 implemented that way; consider using load_module instead.
2403 Perl_require_pv(pTHX_ const char *pv)
2407 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_REQUIRE);
2409 sv = sv_newmortal();
2410 sv_setpv(sv, "require '");
2413 eval_sv(sv, G_DISCARD);
2419 Perl_magicname(pTHX_ const char *sym, const char *name, I32 namlen)
2423 if ((gv = gv_fetchpv(sym,TRUE, SVt_PV)))
2424 sv_magic(GvSV(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, namlen);
2428 S_usage(pTHX_ const char *name) /* XXX move this out into a module ? */
2430 /* This message really ought to be max 23 lines.
2431 * Removed -h because the user already knows that option. Others? */
2433 static const char * const usage_msg[] = {
2434 "-0[octal] specify record separator (\\0, if no argument)",
2435 "-A[mod][=pattern] activate all/given assertions",
2436 "-a autosplit mode with -n or -p (splits $_ into @F)",
2437 "-C[number/list] enables the listed Unicode features",
2438 "-c check syntax only (runs BEGIN and CHECK blocks)",
2439 "-d[:debugger] run program under debugger",
2440 "-D[number/list] set debugging flags (argument is a bit mask or alphabets)",
2441 "-e program one line of program (several -e's allowed, omit programfile)",
2442 "-f don't do $sitelib/sitecustomize.pl at startup",
2443 "-F/pattern/ split() pattern for -a switch (//'s are optional)",
2444 "-i[extension] edit <> files in place (makes backup if extension supplied)",
2445 "-Idirectory specify @INC/#include directory (several -I's allowed)",
2446 "-l[octal] enable line ending processing, specifies line terminator",
2447 "-[mM][-]module execute \"use/no module...\" before executing program",
2448 "-n assume \"while (<>) { ... }\" loop around program",
2449 "-p assume loop like -n but print line also, like sed",
2450 "-P run program through C preprocessor before compilation",
2451 "-s enable rudimentary parsing for switches after programfile",
2452 "-S look for programfile using PATH environment variable",
2453 "-t enable tainting warnings",
2454 "-T enable tainting checks",
2455 "-u dump core after parsing program",
2456 "-U allow unsafe operations",
2457 "-v print version, subversion (includes VERY IMPORTANT perl info)",
2458 "-V[:variable] print configuration summary (or a single Config.pm variable)",
2459 "-w enable many useful warnings (RECOMMENDED)",
2460 "-W enable all warnings",
2461 "-x[directory] strip off text before #!perl line and perhaps cd to directory",
2462 "-X disable all warnings",
2466 const char * const *p = usage_msg;
2468 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2469 "\nUsage: %s [switches] [--] [programfile] [arguments]",
2472 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(), "\n %s", *p++);
2475 /* convert a string of -D options (or digits) into an int.
2476 * sets *s to point to the char after the options */
2480 Perl_get_debug_opts(pTHX_ const char **s, bool givehelp)
2482 static const char * const usage_msgd[] = {
2483 " Debugging flag values: (see also -d)",
2484 " p Tokenizing and parsing (with v, displays parse stack)",
2485 " s Stack snapshots (with v, displays all stacks)",
2486 " l Context (loop) stack processing",
2487 " t Trace execution",
2488 " o Method and overloading resolution",
2489 " c String/numeric conversions",
2490 " P Print profiling info, preprocessor command for -P, source file input state",
2491 " m Memory allocation",
2492 " f Format processing",
2493 " r Regular expression parsing and execution",
2494 " x Syntax tree dump",
2495 " u Tainting checks",
2496 " H Hash dump -- usurps values()",
2497 " X Scratchpad allocation",
2499 " S Thread synchronization",
2501 " R Include reference counts of dumped variables (eg when using -Ds)",
2502 " J Do not s,t,P-debug (Jump over) opcodes within package DB",
2503 " v Verbose: use in conjunction with other flags",
2505 " A Consistency checks on internal structures",
2506 " q quiet - currently only suppresses the 'EXECUTING' message",
2511 /* if adding extra options, remember to update DEBUG_MASK */
2512 static const char debopts[] = "psltocPmfrxu HXDSTRJvCAq";
2514 for (; isALNUM(**s); (*s)++) {
2515 const char *d = strchr(debopts,**s);
2517 i |= 1 << (d - debopts);
2518 else if (ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
2519 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
2520 "invalid option -D%c, use -D'' to see choices\n", **s);
2523 else if (isDIGIT(**s)) {
2525 for (; isALNUM(**s); (*s)++) ;
2527 else if (givehelp) {
2528 char **p = (char **)usage_msgd;
2529 while (*p) PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(), "%s\n", *p++);
2532 if ((i & DEBUG_p_FLAG) && ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
2533 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
2534 "-Dp not implemented on this platform\n");
2540 /* This routine handles any switches that can be given during run */
2543 Perl_moreswitches(pTHX_ char *s)
2554 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rs);
2555 if (s[1] == 'x' && s[2]) {
2556 const char *e = s+=2;
2562 flags = PERL_SCAN_SILENT_ILLDIGIT;
2563 rschar = (U32)grok_hex(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
2564 if (s + numlen < e) {
2565 rschar = 0; /* Grandfather -0xFOO as -0 -xFOO. */
2569 PL_rs = newSVpvn("", 0);
2570 SvGROW(PL_rs, (STRLEN)(UNISKIP(rschar) + 1));
2571 tmps = (U8*)SvPVX(PL_rs);
2572 uvchr_to_utf8(tmps, rschar);
2573 SvCUR_set(PL_rs, UNISKIP(rschar));
2578 rschar = (U32)grok_oct(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
2579 if (rschar & ~((U8)~0))
2580 PL_rs = &PL_sv_undef;
2581 else if (!rschar && numlen >= 2)
2582 PL_rs = newSVpvn("", 0);
2584 char ch = (char)rschar;
2585 PL_rs = newSVpvn(&ch, 1);
2588 sv_setsv(get_sv("/", TRUE), PL_rs);
2593 PL_unicode = parse_unicode_opts( (const char **)&s );
2598 while (*s && !isSPACE(*s)) ++s;
2600 PL_splitstr = savepv(PL_splitstr);
2614 /* -dt indicates to the debugger that threads will be used */
2615 if (*s == 't' && !isALNUM(s[1])) {
2617 my_setenv("PERL5DB_THREADED", "1");
2620 /* The following permits -d:Mod to accepts arguments following an =
2621 in the fashion that -MSome::Mod does. */
2622 if (*s == ':' || *s == '=') {
2625 sv = newSVpv("use Devel::", 0);
2627 /* We now allow -d:Module=Foo,Bar */
2628 while(isALNUM(*s) || *s==':') ++s;
2630 sv_catpv(sv, start);
2632 sv_catpvn(sv, start, s-start);
2633 sv_catpv(sv, " split(/,/,q{");
2638 my_setenv("PERL5DB", SvPV(sv, PL_na));
2641 PL_perldb = PERLDB_ALL;
2650 PL_debug = get_debug_opts( (const char **)&s, 1) | DEBUG_TOP_FLAG;
2651 #else /* !DEBUGGING */
2652 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
2653 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
2654 "Recompile perl with -DDEBUGGING to use -D switch (did you mean -d ?)\n");
2655 for (s++; isALNUM(*s); s++) ;
2660 usage(PL_origargv[0]);
2664 Safefree(PL_inplace);
2665 #if defined(__CYGWIN__) /* do backup extension automagically */
2666 if (*(s+1) == '\0') {
2667 PL_inplace = savepv(".bak");
2670 #endif /* __CYGWIN__ */
2671 PL_inplace = savepv(s+1);
2672 for (s = PL_inplace; *s && !isSPACE(*s); s++)
2676 if (*s == '-') /* Additional switches on #! line. */
2680 case 'I': /* -I handled both here and in parse_body() */
2683 while (*s && isSPACE(*s))
2688 /* ignore trailing spaces (possibly followed by other switches) */
2690 for (e = p; *e && !isSPACE(*e); e++) ;
2694 } while (*p && *p != '-');
2695 e = savepvn(s, e-s);
2696 incpush(e, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE, FALSE);
2703 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No directory specified for -I");
2709 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ors_sv);
2715 PL_ors_sv = newSVpvn("\n",1);
2716 numlen = 3 + (*s == '0');
2717 *SvPVX(PL_ors_sv) = (char)grok_oct(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
2721 if (RsPARA(PL_rs)) {
2722 PL_ors_sv = newSVpvn("\n\n",2);
2725 PL_ors_sv = newSVsv(PL_rs);
2732 PL_preambleav = newAV();
2736 SV *sv = newSVpv("use assertions::activate", 24);
2737 while(isALNUM(*s) || *s == ':') ++s;
2739 sv_catpvn(sv, "::", 2);
2740 sv_catpvn(sv, start, s-start);
2743 sv_catpvn(sv, " split(/,/,q\0", 13);
2745 sv_catpvn(sv, "\0)", 2);
2748 else if (*s != '\0') {
2749 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use '%c' after -A%.*s", *s, s-start, start);
2751 av_push(PL_preambleav, sv);
2755 forbid_setid("-M"); /* XXX ? */
2758 forbid_setid("-m"); /* XXX ? */
2762 const char *use = "use ";
2763 /* -M-foo == 'no foo' */
2764 if (*s == '-') { use = "no "; ++s; }
2765 sv = newSVpv(use,0);
2767 /* We allow -M'Module qw(Foo Bar)' */
2768 while(isALNUM(*s) || *s==':') ++s;
2770 sv_catpv(sv, start);
2771 if (*(start-1) == 'm') {
2773 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use '%c' after -mname", *s);
2774 sv_catpv( sv, " ()");
2778 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Module name required with -%c option",
2780 sv_catpvn(sv, start, s-start);
2781 sv_catpv(sv, " split(/,/,q");
2782 sv_catpvn(sv, "\0)", 1); /* Use NUL as q//-delimiter. */
2784 sv_catpvn(sv, "\0)", 2);
2788 PL_preambleav = newAV();
2789 av_push(PL_preambleav, sv);
2792 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Missing argument to -%c", *(s-1));
2804 PL_doswitches = TRUE;
2818 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2819 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Believe me, you don't want to use \"-u\" on a Macintosh");
2821 PL_do_undump = TRUE;
2829 if (!sv_derived_from(PL_patchlevel, "version"))
2830 (void *)upg_version(PL_patchlevel);
2832 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2833 Perl_form(aTHX_ "\nThis is perl, v%"SVf" built for %s",
2834 vstringify(PL_patchlevel),
2837 /* Adjust verbose output as in the perl that ships with the DG/UX OS from EMC */
2838 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2839 Perl_form(aTHX_ "\nThis is perl, v%"SVf"\n",
2840 vstringify(PL_patchlevel)));
2841 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2842 Perl_form(aTHX_ " built under %s at %s %s\n",
2843 OSNAME, __DATE__, __TIME__));
2844 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2845 Perl_form(aTHX_ " OS Specific Release: %s\n",
2849 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
2850 if (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT > 0)
2851 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2852 "\n(with %d registered patch%s, "
2853 "see perl -V for more detail)",
2854 (int)LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT,
2855 (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT!=1) ? "es" : "");
2858 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2859 "\n\nCopyright 1987-2005, Larry Wall\n");
2860 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2861 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2862 "\nMac OS port Copyright 1991-2002, Matthias Neeracher;\n"
2863 "maintained by Chris Nandor\n");
2866 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2867 "\nMS-DOS port Copyright (c) 1989, 1990, Diomidis Spinellis\n");
2870 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2871 "djgpp v2 port (jpl5003c) by Hirofumi Watanabe, 1996\n"
2872 "djgpp v2 port (perl5004+) by Laszlo Molnar, 1997-1999\n");
2875 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2876 "\n\nOS/2 port Copyright (c) 1990, 1991, Raymond Chen, Kai Uwe Rommel\n"
2877 "Version 5 port Copyright (c) 1994-2002, Andreas Kaiser, Ilya Zakharevich\n");
2880 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2881 "atariST series port, ++jrb bammi@cadence.com\n");
2884 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2885 "BeOS port Copyright Tom Spindler, 1997-1999\n");
2888 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2889 "MPE/iX port Copyright by Mark Klein and Mark Bixby, 1996-2003\n");
2892 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2893 "MVS (OS390) port by Mortice Kern Systems, 1997-1999\n");
2896 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2897 "Stratus VOS port by Paul.Green@stratus.com, 1997-2002\n");
2900 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2901 "VM/ESA port by Neale Ferguson, 1998-1999\n");
2904 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2905 "BS2000 (POSIX) port by Start Amadeus GmbH, 1998-1999\n");
2908 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2909 "MiNT port by Guido Flohr, 1997-1999\n");
2912 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2913 "EPOC port by Olaf Flebbe, 1999-2002\n");
2916 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),"WINCE port by Rainer Keuchel, 2001-2002\n");
2917 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),"Built on " __DATE__ " " __TIME__ "\n\n");
2921 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2922 "Symbian port by Nokia, 2004-2005\n");
2924 #ifdef BINARY_BUILD_NOTICE
2925 BINARY_BUILD_NOTICE;
2927 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2929 Perl may be copied only under the terms of either the Artistic License or the\n\
2930 GNU General Public License, which may be found in the Perl 5 source kit.\n\n\
2931 Complete documentation for Perl, including FAQ lists, should be found on\n\
2932 this system using \"man perl\" or \"perldoc perl\". If you have access to the\n\
2933 Internet, point your browser at http://www.perl.org/, the Perl Home Page.\n\n");
2936 if (! (PL_dowarn & G_WARN_ALL_MASK))
2937 PL_dowarn |= G_WARN_ON;
2941 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_ALL_ON|G_WARN_ON;
2942 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
2943 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
2944 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = pWARN_ALL ;
2948 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_ALL_OFF;
2949 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
2950 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
2951 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = pWARN_NONE ;
2956 if (s[1] == '-') /* Additional switches on #! line. */
2961 #if defined(WIN32) || !defined(PERL_STRICT_CR)
2967 #ifdef ALTERNATE_SHEBANG
2968 case 'S': /* OS/2 needs -S on "extproc" line. */
2976 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't emulate -%.1s on #! line",s);
2981 /* compliments of Tom Christiansen */
2983 /* unexec() can be found in the Gnu emacs distribution */
2984 /* Known to work with -DUNEXEC and using unexelf.c from GNU emacs-20.2 */
2987 Perl_my_unexec(pTHX)
2995 prog = newSVpv(BIN_EXP, 0);
2996 sv_catpv(prog, "/perl");
2997 file = newSVpv(PL_origfilename, 0);
2998 sv_catpv(file, ".perldump");
3000 unexec(SvPVX(file), SvPVX(prog), &etext, sbrk(0), 0);
3001 /* unexec prints msg to stderr in case of failure */
3002 PerlProc_exit(status);
3005 # include <lib$routines.h>
3006 lib$signal(SS$_DEBUG); /* ssdef.h #included from vmsish.h */
3008 ABORT(); /* for use with undump */
3013 /* initialize curinterp */
3019 # define PERLVAR(var,type)
3020 # define PERLVARA(var,n,type)
3021 # if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
3022 # if defined(USE_5005THREADS)
3023 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
3024 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
3025 # else /* !USE_5005THREADS */
3026 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) aTHX->var = init;
3027 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) aTHX->var = init;
3028 # endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
3030 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
3031 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
3033 # include "intrpvar.h"
3034 # ifndef USE_5005THREADS
3035 # include "thrdvar.h"
3042 # define PERLVAR(var,type)
3043 # define PERLVARA(var,n,type)
3044 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PL_##var = init;
3045 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PL_##var = init;
3046 # include "intrpvar.h"
3047 # ifndef USE_5005THREADS
3048 # include "thrdvar.h"
3059 S_init_main_stash(pTHX)
3063 PL_curstash = PL_defstash = newHV();
3064 PL_curstname = newSVpvn("main",4);
3065 gv = gv_fetchpv("main::",TRUE, SVt_PVHV);
3066 SvREFCNT_dec(GvHV(gv));
3067 GvHV(gv) = (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(PL_defstash);
3069 Perl_hv_name_set(aTHX_ PL_defstash, "main", 4, 0);
3070 PL_incgv = gv_HVadd(gv_AVadd(gv_fetchpv("INC",TRUE, SVt_PVAV)));
3071 GvMULTI_on(PL_incgv);
3072 PL_hintgv = gv_fetchpv("\010",TRUE, SVt_PV); /* ^H */
3073 GvMULTI_on(PL_hintgv);
3074 PL_defgv = gv_fetchpv("_",TRUE, SVt_PVAV);
3075 PL_errgv = gv_HVadd(gv_fetchpv("@", TRUE, SVt_PV));
3076 GvMULTI_on(PL_errgv);
3077 PL_replgv = gv_fetchpv("\022", TRUE, SVt_PV); /* ^R */
3078 GvMULTI_on(PL_replgv);
3079 (void)Perl_form(aTHX_ "%240s",""); /* Preallocate temp - for immediate signals. */
3080 sv_grow(ERRSV, 240); /* Preallocate - for immediate signals. */
3081 sv_setpvn(ERRSV, "", 0);
3082 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
3083 CopSTASH_set(&PL_compiling, PL_defstash);
3084 PL_debstash = GvHV(gv_fetchpv("DB::", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
3085 PL_globalstash = GvHV(gv_fetchpv("CORE::GLOBAL::", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
3086 /* We must init $/ before switches are processed. */
3087 sv_setpvn(get_sv("/", TRUE), "\n", 1);
3090 /* PSz 18 Nov 03 fdscript now global but do not change prototype */
3092 S_open_script(pTHX_ const char *scriptname, bool dosearch, SV *sv)
3097 const char *cpp_discard_flag;
3106 PL_origfilename = savepvn("-e", 2);
3109 /* if find_script() returns, it returns a malloc()-ed value */
3110 scriptname = PL_origfilename = find_script(scriptname, dosearch, NULL, 1);
3112 if (strnEQ(scriptname, "/dev/fd/", 8) && isDIGIT(scriptname[8]) ) {
3113 const char *s = scriptname + 8;
3114 PL_fdscript = atoi(s);
3119 * Tell apart "normal" usage of fdscript, e.g.
3120 * with bash on FreeBSD:
3121 * perl <( echo '#!perl -DA'; echo 'print "$0\n"')
3122 * from usage in suidperl.
3123 * Does any "normal" usage leave garbage after the number???
3124 * Is it a mistake to use a similar /dev/fd/ construct for
3129 * Be supersafe and do some sanity-checks.
3130 * Still, can we be sure we got the right thing?
3133 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Wrong syntax (suid) fd script name \"%s\"\n", s);
3136 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Missing (suid) fd script name\n");
3138 scriptname = savepv(s + 1);
3139 Safefree(PL_origfilename);
3140 PL_origfilename = (char *)scriptname;
3145 CopFILE_free(PL_curcop);
3146 CopFILE_set(PL_curcop, PL_origfilename);
3147 if (*PL_origfilename == '-' && PL_origfilename[1] == '\0')
3148 scriptname = (char *)"";
3149 if (PL_fdscript >= 0) {
3150 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_fdopen(PL_fdscript,PERL_SCRIPT_MODE);
3151 # if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3153 /* ensure close-on-exec */
3154 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,1);
3159 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "sperl needs fd script\n"
3160 "You should not call sperl directly; do you need to "
3161 "change a #! line\nfrom sperl to perl?\n");
3164 * Do not open (or do other fancy stuff) while setuid.
3165 * Perl does the open, and hands script to suidperl on a fd;
3166 * suidperl only does some checks, sets up UIDs and re-execs
3167 * perl with that fd as it has always done.
3170 if (PL_suidscript != 1) {
3171 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "suidperl needs (suid) fd script\n");
3174 else if (PL_preprocess) {
3175 const char *cpp_cfg = CPPSTDIN;
3176 SV *cpp = newSVpvn("",0);
3177 SV *cmd = NEWSV(0,0);
3179 if (cpp_cfg[0] == 0) /* PERL_MICRO? */
3180 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't run with cpp -P with CPPSTDIN undefined");
3181 if (strEQ(cpp_cfg, "cppstdin"))
3182 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ cpp, "%s/", BIN_EXP);
3183 sv_catpv(cpp, cpp_cfg);
3186 sv_catpvn(sv, "-I", 2);
3187 sv_catpv(sv,PRIVLIB_EXP);
3190 DEBUG_P(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3191 "PL_preprocess: scriptname=\"%s\", cpp=\"%s\", sv=\"%s\", CPPMINUS=\"%s\"\n",
3192 scriptname, SvPVX_const (cpp), SvPVX_const (sv),
3195 # if defined(MSDOS) || defined(WIN32) || defined(VMS)
3202 cpp_discard_flag = "";
3204 cpp_discard_flag = "-C";
3208 perl = os2_execname(aTHX);
3210 perl = PL_origargv[0];
3214 /* This strips off Perl comments which might interfere with
3215 the C pre-processor, including #!. #line directives are
3216 deliberately stripped to avoid confusion with Perl's version
3217 of #line. FWP played some golf with it so it will fit
3218 into VMS's 255 character buffer.
3221 code = "(1../^#!.*perl/i)|/^\\s*#(?!\\s*((ifn?|un)def|(el|end)?if|define|include|else|error|pragma)\\b)/||!($|=1)||print";
3223 code = "/^\\s*#(?!\\s*((ifn?|un)def|(el|end)?if|define|include|else|error|pragma)\\b)/||!($|=1)||print";
3225 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ cmd, "\
3226 %s -ne%s%s%s %s | %"SVf" %s %"SVf" %s",
3227 perl, quote, code, quote, scriptname, cpp,
3228 cpp_discard_flag, sv, CPPMINUS);
3230 PL_doextract = FALSE;
3232 DEBUG_P(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3233 "PL_preprocess: cmd=\"%s\"\n",
3236 PL_rsfp = PerlProc_popen((char *)SvPVX_const(cmd), (char *)"r");
3240 else if (!*scriptname) {
3241 forbid_setid("program input from stdin");
3242 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_stdin();
3245 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_open(scriptname,PERL_SCRIPT_MODE);
3246 # if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3248 /* ensure close-on-exec */
3249 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,1);
3252 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3254 /* PSz 16 Sep 03 Keep neat error message */
3255 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't open perl script \"%s\": %s\n",
3256 CopFILE(PL_curcop), Strerror(errno));
3261 * I_SYSSTATVFS HAS_FSTATVFS
3263 * I_STATFS HAS_FSTATFS HAS_GETFSSTAT
3264 * I_MNTENT HAS_GETMNTENT HAS_HASMNTOPT
3265 * here so that metaconfig picks them up. */
3269 S_fd_on_nosuid_fs(pTHX_ int fd)
3272 * We used to do this as "plain" user (after swapping UIDs with setreuid);
3273 * but is needed also on machines without setreuid.
3274 * Seems safe enough to run as root.
3276 int check_okay = 0; /* able to do all the required sys/libcalls */
3277 int on_nosuid = 0; /* the fd is on a nosuid fs */
3279 * Need to check noexec also: nosuid might not be set, the average
3280 * sysadmin would say that nosuid is irrelevant once he sets noexec.
3282 int on_noexec = 0; /* the fd is on a noexec fs */
3285 * Preferred order: fstatvfs(), fstatfs(), ustat()+getmnt(), getmntent().
3286 * fstatvfs() is UNIX98.
3287 * fstatfs() is 4.3 BSD.
3288 * ustat()+getmnt() is pre-4.3 BSD.
3289 * getmntent() is O(number-of-mounted-filesystems) and can hang on
3290 * an irrelevant filesystem while trying to reach the right one.
3293 #undef FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY /* found the syscalls to do the check? */
3295 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3296 defined(HAS_FSTATVFS)
3297 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3298 struct statvfs stfs;
3300 check_okay = fstatvfs(fd, &stfs) == 0;
3301 on_nosuid = check_okay && (stfs.f_flag & ST_NOSUID);
3303 /* ST_NOEXEC certainly absent on AIX 5.1, and doesn't seem to be documented
3304 on platforms where it is present. */
3305 on_noexec = check_okay && (stfs.f_flag & ST_NOEXEC);
3307 # endif /* fstatvfs */
3309 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3310 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID) && \
3311 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC) && \
3312 defined(HAS_FSTATFS) && \
3313 defined(HAS_STRUCT_STATFS) && \
3314 defined(HAS_STRUCT_STATFS_F_FLAGS)
3315 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3318 check_okay = fstatfs(fd, &stfs) == 0;
3319 on_nosuid = check_okay && (stfs.f_flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID);
3320 on_noexec = check_okay && (stfs.f_flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC);
3321 # endif /* fstatfs */
3323 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3324 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID) && \
3325 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC) && \
3326 defined(HAS_FSTAT) && \
3327 defined(HAS_USTAT) && \
3328 defined(HAS_GETMNT) && \
3329 defined(HAS_STRUCT_FS_DATA) && \
3331 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3334 if (fstat(fd, &fdst) == 0) {
3336 if (ustat(fdst.st_dev, &us) == 0) {
3338 /* NOSTAT_ONE here because we're not examining fields which
3339 * vary between that case and STAT_ONE. */
3340 if (getmnt((int*)0, &fsd, (int)0, NOSTAT_ONE, us.f_fname) == 0) {
3341 size_t cmplen = sizeof(us.f_fname);
3342 if (sizeof(fsd.fd_req.path) < cmplen)
3343 cmplen = sizeof(fsd.fd_req.path);
3344 if (strnEQ(fsd.fd_req.path, us.f_fname, cmplen) &&
3345 fdst.st_dev == fsd.fd_req.dev) {
3347 on_nosuid = fsd.fd_req.flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID;
3348 on_noexec = fsd.fd_req.flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC;
3354 # endif /* fstat+ustat+getmnt */
3356 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3357 defined(HAS_GETMNTENT) && \
3358 defined(HAS_HASMNTOPT) && \
3359 defined(MNTOPT_NOSUID) && \
3360 defined(MNTOPT_NOEXEC)
3361 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3362 FILE *mtab = fopen("/etc/mtab", "r");
3363 struct mntent *entry;
3366 if (mtab && (fstat(fd, &stb) == 0)) {
3367 while (entry = getmntent(mtab)) {
3368 if (stat(entry->mnt_dir, &fsb) == 0
3369 && fsb.st_dev == stb.st_dev)
3371 /* found the filesystem */
3373 if (hasmntopt(entry, MNTOPT_NOSUID))
3375 if (hasmntopt(entry, MNTOPT_NOEXEC))
3378 } /* A single fs may well fail its stat(). */
3383 # endif /* getmntent+hasmntopt */
3386 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't check filesystem of script \"%s\" for nosuid/noexec", PL_origfilename);
3388 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script \"%s\" on nosuid filesystem", PL_origfilename);
3390 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script \"%s\" on noexec filesystem", PL_origfilename);
3391 return ((!check_okay) || on_nosuid || on_noexec);
3393 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3396 S_validate_suid(pTHX_ const char *validarg, const char *scriptname)
3401 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3403 /* do we need to emulate setuid on scripts? */
3405 /* This code is for those BSD systems that have setuid #! scripts disabled
3406 * in the kernel because of a security problem. Merely defining DOSUID
3407 * in perl will not fix that problem, but if you have disabled setuid
3408 * scripts in the kernel, this will attempt to emulate setuid and setgid
3409 * on scripts that have those now-otherwise-useless bits set. The setuid
3410 * root version must be called suidperl or sperlN.NNN. If regular perl
3411 * discovers that it has opened a setuid script, it calls suidperl with
3412 * the same argv that it had. If suidperl finds that the script it has
3413 * just opened is NOT setuid root, it sets the effective uid back to the
3414 * uid. We don't just make perl setuid root because that loses the
3415 * effective uid we had before invoking perl, if it was different from the
3418 * Description/comments above do not match current workings:
3419 * suidperl must be hardlinked to sperlN.NNN (that is what we exec);
3420 * suidperl called with script open and name changed to /dev/fd/N/X;
3421 * suidperl croaks if script is not setuid;
3422 * making perl setuid would be a huge security risk (and yes, that
3423 * would lose any euid we might have had).
3425 * DOSUID must be defined in both perl and suidperl, and IAMSUID must
3426 * be defined in suidperl only. suidperl must be setuid root. The
3427 * Configure script will set this up for you if you want it.
3433 if (PerlLIO_fstat(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),&PL_statbuf) < 0) /* normal stat is insecure */
3434 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't stat script \"%s\"",PL_origfilename);
3435 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & (S_ISUID|S_ISGID)) {
3437 const char *linestr;
3440 if (PL_fdscript < 0 || PL_suidscript != 1)
3441 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Need (suid) fdscript in suidperl\n"); /* We already checked this */
3443 * Since the script is opened by perl, not suidperl, some of these
3444 * checks are superfluous. Leaving them in probably does not lower
3448 * Do checks even for systems with no HAS_SETREUID.
3449 * We used to swap, then re-swap UIDs with
3451 if (setreuid(PL_euid,PL_uid) < 0
3452 || PerlProc_getuid() != PL_euid || PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_uid)
3453 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't swap uid and euid");
3456 if (setreuid(PL_uid,PL_euid) < 0
3457 || PerlProc_getuid() != PL_uid || PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_euid)
3458 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't reswap uid and euid");
3462 /* On this access check to make sure the directories are readable,
3463 * there is actually a small window that the user could use to make
3464 * filename point to an accessible directory. So there is a faint
3465 * chance that someone could execute a setuid script down in a
3466 * non-accessible directory. I don't know what to do about that.
3467 * But I don't think it's too important. The manual lies when
3468 * it says access() is useful in setuid programs.
3470 * So, access() is pretty useless... but not harmful... do anyway.
3472 if (PerlLIO_access(CopFILE(PL_curcop),1)) { /*double check*/
3473 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't access() script\n");
3476 /* If we can swap euid and uid, then we can determine access rights
3477 * with a simple stat of the file, and then compare device and
3478 * inode to make sure we did stat() on the same file we opened.
3479 * Then we just have to make sure he or she can execute it.
3482 * As the script is opened by perl, not suidperl, we do not need to
3483 * care much about access rights.
3485 * The 'script changed' check is needed, or we can get lied to
3486 * about $0 with e.g.
3487 * suidperl /dev/fd/4//bin/x 4<setuidscript
3488 * Without HAS_SETREUID, is it safe to stat() as root?
3490 * Are there any operating systems that pass /dev/fd/xxx for setuid
3491 * scripts, as suggested/described in perlsec(1)? Surely they do not
3492 * pass the script name as we do, so the "script changed" test would
3493 * fail for them... but we never get here with
3494 * SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW defined.
3496 * This is one place where we must "lie" about return status: not
3497 * say if the stat() failed. We are doing this as root, and could
3498 * be tricked into reporting existence or not of files that the
3499 * "plain" user cannot even see.
3503 if (PerlLIO_stat(CopFILE(PL_curcop),&tmpstatbuf) < 0 ||
3504 tmpstatbuf.st_dev != PL_statbuf.st_dev ||
3505 tmpstatbuf.st_ino != PL_statbuf.st_ino) {
3506 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script changed\n");
3510 if (!cando(S_IXUSR,FALSE,&PL_statbuf)) /* can real uid exec? */
3511 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Real UID cannot exec script\n");
3514 * We used to do this check as the "plain" user (after swapping
3515 * UIDs). But the check for nosuid and noexec filesystem is needed,
3516 * and should be done even without HAS_SETREUID. (Maybe those
3517 * operating systems do not have such mount options anyway...)
3518 * Seems safe enough to do as root.
3520 #if !defined(NO_NOSUID_CHECK)
3521 if (fd_on_nosuid_fs(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp))) {
3522 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script on nosuid or noexec filesystem\n");
3525 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3527 if (!S_ISREG(PL_statbuf.st_mode)) {
3528 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script not plain file\n");
3530 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_IWOTH)
3531 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid/gid script is writable by world");
3532 PL_doswitches = FALSE; /* -s is insecure in suid */
3533 /* PSz 13 Nov 03 But -s was caught elsewhere ... so unsetting it here is useless(?!) */
3534 CopLINE_inc(PL_curcop);
3535 linestr = SvPV_nolen_const(PL_linestr);
3536 if (sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0) == Nullch ||
3537 strnNE(linestr,"#!",2) ) /* required even on Sys V */
3538 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No #! line");
3542 /* Sanity check on line length */
3543 if (strlen(s) < 1 || strlen(s) > 4000)
3544 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Very long #! line");
3545 /* Allow more than a single space after #! */
3546 while (isSPACE(*s)) s++;
3547 /* Sanity check on buffer end */
3548 while ((*s) && !isSPACE(*s)) s++;
3549 for (s2 = s; (s2 > linestr &&
3550 (isDIGIT(s2[-1]) || s2[-1] == '.' || s2[-1] == '_'
3551 || s2[-1] == '-')); s2--) ;
3552 /* Sanity check on buffer start */
3553 if ( (s2-4 < linestr || strnNE(s2-4,"perl",4)) &&
3554 (s-9 < linestr || strnNE(s-9,"perl",4)) )
3555 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Not a perl script");
3556 while (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t') s++;
3558 * #! arg must be what we saw above. They can invoke it by
3559 * mentioning suidperl explicitly, but they may not add any strange
3560 * arguments beyond what #! says if they do invoke suidperl that way.
3563 * The way validarg was set up, we rely on the kernel to start
3564 * scripts with argv[1] set to contain all #! line switches (the
3568 * Check that we got all the arguments listed in the #! line (not
3569 * just that there are no extraneous arguments). Might not matter
3570 * much, as switches from #! line seem to be acted upon (also), and
3571 * so may be checked and trapped in perl. But, security checks must
3572 * be done in suidperl and not deferred to perl. Note that suidperl
3573 * does not get around to parsing (and checking) the switches on
3574 * the #! line (but execs perl sooner).
3575 * Allow (require) a trailing newline (which may be of two
3576 * characters on some architectures?) (but no other trailing
3579 len = strlen(validarg);
3580 if (strEQ(validarg," PHOOEY ") ||
3581 strnNE(s,validarg,len) || !isSPACE(s[len]) ||
3582 !(strlen(s) == len+1 || (strlen(s) == len+2 && isSPACE(s[len+1]))))
3583 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Args must match #! line");
3586 if (PL_fdscript < 0 &&
3587 PL_euid != PL_uid && (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID) &&
3588 PL_euid == PL_statbuf.st_uid)
3590 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "YOU HAVEN'T DISABLED SET-ID SCRIPTS IN THE KERNEL YET!\n\
3591 FIX YOUR KERNEL, OR PUT A C WRAPPER AROUND THIS SCRIPT!\n");
3592 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3594 if (PL_fdscript < 0 &&
3595 PL_euid) { /* oops, we're not the setuid root perl */
3597 * When root runs a setuid script, we do not go through the same
3598 * steps of execing sperl and then perl with fd scripts, but
3599 * simply set up UIDs within the same perl invocation; so do
3600 * not have the same checks (on options, whatever) that we have
3601 * for plain users. No problem really: would have to be a script
3602 * that does not actually work for plain users; and if root is
3603 * foolish and can be persuaded to run such an unsafe script, he
3604 * might run also non-setuid ones, and deserves what he gets.
3606 * Or, we might drop the PL_euid check above (and rely just on
3607 * PL_fdscript to avoid loops), and do the execs
3613 * Pass fd script to suidperl.
3614 * Exec suidperl, substituting fd script for scriptname.
3615 * Pass script name as "subdir" of fd, which perl will grok;
3616 * in fact will use that to distinguish this from "normal"
3617 * usage, see comments above.
3619 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
3620 PerlLIO_lseek(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),(Off_t)0,0); /* just in case rewind didn't */
3621 /* PSz 27 Feb 04 Sanity checks on scriptname */
3622 if ((!scriptname) || (!*scriptname) ) {
3623 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No setuid script name\n");
3625 if (*scriptname == '-') {
3626 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script name may not begin with dash\n");
3627 /* Or we might confuse it with an option when replacing
3628 * name in argument list, below (though we do pointer, not
3629 * string, comparisons).
3632 for (which = 1; PL_origargv[which] && PL_origargv[which] != scriptname; which++) ;
3633 if (!PL_origargv[which]) {
3634 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't change argv to have fd script\n");
3636 PL_origargv[which] = savepv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "/dev/fd/%d/%s",
3637 PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp), PL_origargv[which]));
3638 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3639 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,0); /* ensure no close-on-exec */
3642 PerlProc_execv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s/sperl"PERL_FS_VER_FMT, BIN_EXP,
3643 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
3644 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION), PL_origargv);
3646 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3647 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setuid (cannot exec sperl)\n");
3650 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISGID && PL_statbuf.st_gid != PL_egid) {
3652 * This seems back to front: we try HAS_SETEGID first; if not available
3653 * then try HAS_SETREGID; as a last chance we try HAS_SETRESGID. May be OK
3654 * in the sense that we only want to set EGID; but are there any machines
3655 * with either of the latter, but not the former? Same with UID, later.
3658 (void)setegid(PL_statbuf.st_gid);
3661 (void)setregid((Gid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_gid);
3663 #ifdef HAS_SETRESGID
3664 (void)setresgid((Gid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_gid,(Gid_t)-1);
3666 PerlProc_setgid(PL_statbuf.st_gid);
3670 if (PerlProc_getegid() != PL_statbuf.st_gid)
3671 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setegid!\n");
3673 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID) {
3674 if (PL_statbuf.st_uid != PL_euid)
3676 (void)seteuid(PL_statbuf.st_uid); /* all that for this */
3679 (void)setreuid((Uid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_uid);
3681 #ifdef HAS_SETRESUID
3682 (void)setresuid((Uid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_uid,(Uid_t)-1);
3684 PerlProc_setuid(PL_statbuf.st_uid);
3688 if (PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_statbuf.st_uid)
3689 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do seteuid!\n");
3691 else if (PL_uid) { /* oops, mustn't run as root */
3693 (void)seteuid((Uid_t)PL_uid);
3696 (void)setreuid((Uid_t)-1,(Uid_t)PL_uid);
3698 #ifdef HAS_SETRESUID
3699 (void)setresuid((Uid_t)-1,(Uid_t)PL_uid,(Uid_t)-1);
3701 PerlProc_setuid((Uid_t)PL_uid);
3705 if (PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_uid)
3706 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do seteuid!\n");
3709 if (!cando(S_IXUSR,TRUE,&PL_statbuf))
3710 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Effective UID cannot exec script\n"); /* they can't do this */
3713 else if (PL_preprocess) /* PSz 13 Nov 03 Caught elsewhere, useless(?!) here */
3714 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "-P not allowed for setuid/setgid script\n");
3715 else if (PL_fdscript < 0 || PL_suidscript != 1)
3716 /* PSz 13 Nov 03 Caught elsewhere, useless(?!) here */
3717 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "(suid) fdscript needed in suidperl\n");
3719 /* PSz 16 Sep 03 Keep neat error message */
3720 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Script is not setuid/setgid in suidperl\n");
3723 /* We absolutely must clear out any saved ids here, so we */
3724 /* exec the real perl, substituting fd script for scriptname. */
3725 /* (We pass script name as "subdir" of fd, which perl will grok.) */
3727 * It might be thought that using setresgid and/or setresuid (changed to
3728 * set the saved IDs) above might obviate the need to exec, and we could
3729 * go on to "do the perl thing".
3731 * Is there such a thing as "saved GID", and is that set for setuid (but
3732 * not setgid) execution like suidperl? Without exec, it would not be
3733 * cleared for setuid (but not setgid) scripts (or might need a dummy
3736 * We need suidperl to do the exact same argument checking that perl
3737 * does. Thus it cannot be very small; while it could be significantly
3738 * smaller, it is safer (simpler?) to make it essentially the same
3739 * binary as perl (but they are not identical). - Maybe could defer that
3740 * check to the invoked perl, and suidperl be a tiny wrapper instead;
3741 * but prefer to do thorough checks in suidperl itself. Such deferral
3742 * would make suidperl security rely on perl, a design no-no.
3744 * Setuid things should be short and simple, thus easy to understand and
3745 * verify. They should do their "own thing", without influence by
3746 * attackers. It may help if their internal execution flow is fixed,
3747 * regardless of platform: it may be best to exec anyway.
3749 * Suidperl should at least be conceptually simple: a wrapper only,
3750 * never to do any real perl. Maybe we should put
3752 * Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Suidperl should never do real perl\n");
3754 * into the perly bits.
3756 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
3757 PerlLIO_lseek(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),(Off_t)0,0); /* just in case rewind didn't */
3759 * Keep original arguments: suidperl already has fd script.
3761 /* for (which = 1; PL_origargv[which] && PL_origargv[which] != scriptname; which++) ; */
3762 /* if (!PL_origargv[which]) { */
3763 /* errno = EPERM; */
3764 /* Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Permission denied\n"); */
3766 /* PL_origargv[which] = savepv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "/dev/fd/%d/%s", */
3767 /* PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp), PL_origargv[which])); */
3768 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3769 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,0); /* ensure no close-on-exec */
3772 PerlProc_execv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s/perl"PERL_FS_VER_FMT, BIN_EXP,
3773 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
3774 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION), PL_origargv);/* try again */
3776 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setuid (suidperl cannot exec perl)\n");
3777 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3779 if (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid) { /* (suidperl doesn't exist, in fact) */
3780 #ifndef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
3781 PerlLIO_fstat(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),&PL_statbuf); /* may be either wrapped or real suid */
3782 if ((PL_euid != PL_uid && PL_euid == PL_statbuf.st_uid && PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID)
3784 (PL_egid != PL_gid && PL_egid == PL_statbuf.st_gid && PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISGID)
3787 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "YOU HAVEN'T DISABLED SET-ID SCRIPTS IN THE KERNEL YET!\n\
3788 FIX YOUR KERNEL, PUT A C WRAPPER AROUND THIS SCRIPT, OR USE -u AND UNDUMP!\n");
3789 #endif /* SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW */
3790 /* not set-id, must be wrapped */
3798 S_find_beginning(pTHX)
3801 register const char *s2;
3802 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3806 /* skip forward in input to the real script? */
3809 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3810 /* Since the Mac OS does not honor #! arguments for us, we do it ourselves */
3812 while (PL_doextract || gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
3813 if ((s = sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0)) == Nullch) {
3814 if (!gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract)
3815 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No Perl script found in input\n");
3817 if (PL_doextract) /* require explicit override ? */
3818 if (!OverrideExtract(PL_origfilename))
3819 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "User aborted script\n");
3821 PL_doextract = FALSE;
3823 /* Pater peccavi, file does not have #! */
3824 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
3829 while (PL_doextract) {
3830 if ((s = sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0)) == Nullch)
3831 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No Perl script found in input\n");
3834 if (*s == '#' && s[1] == '!' && ((s = instr(s,"perl")) || (s = instr(s2,"PERL")))) {
3835 PerlIO_ungetc(PL_rsfp, '\n'); /* to keep line count right */
3836 PL_doextract = FALSE;
3837 while (*s && !(isSPACE (*s) || *s == '#')) s++;
3839 while (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t') s++;
3841 while (isDIGIT(s2[-1]) || s2[-1] == '-' || s2[-1] == '.'
3842 || s2[-1] == '_') s2--;
3843 if (strnEQ(s2-4,"perl",4))
3844 while ((s = moreswitches(s)))
3847 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3848 /* We are always searching for the #!perl line in MacPerl,
3849 * so if we find it, still keep the line count correct
3850 * by counting lines we already skipped over
3852 for (; maclines > 0 ; maclines--)
3853 PerlIO_ungetc(PL_rsfp, '\n');
3857 /* gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract is false in MPW tool */
3858 } else if (gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
3869 PL_uid = PerlProc_getuid();
3870 PL_euid = PerlProc_geteuid();
3871 PL_gid = PerlProc_getgid();
3872 PL_egid = PerlProc_getegid();
3874 PL_uid |= PL_gid << 16;
3875 PL_euid |= PL_egid << 16;
3877 /* Should not happen: */
3878 CHECK_MALLOC_TAINT(PL_uid && (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid));
3879 PL_tainting |= (PL_uid && (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid));
3882 * Should go by suidscript, not uid!=euid: why disallow
3883 * system("ls") in scripts run from setuid things?
3884 * Or, is this run before we check arguments and set suidscript?
3885 * What about SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW: could we use fdscript then?
3886 * (We never have suidscript, can we be sure to have fdscript?)
3887 * Or must then go by UID checks? See comments in forbid_setid also.
3891 /* This is used very early in the lifetime of the program,
3892 * before even the options are parsed, so PL_tainting has
3893 * not been initialized properly. */
3895 Perl_doing_taint(int argc, char *argv[], char *envp[])
3897 #ifndef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
3898 /* If we have PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS we can't call getuid() et alia
3899 * before we have an interpreter-- and the whole point of this
3900 * function is to be called at such an early stage. If you are on
3901 * a system with PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS but you do have a concept of
3902 * "tainted because running with altered effective ids', you'll
3903 * have to add your own checks somewhere in here. The two most
3904 * known samples of 'implicitness' are Win32 and NetWare, neither
3905 * of which has much of concept of 'uids'. */
3906 int uid = PerlProc_getuid();
3907 int euid = PerlProc_geteuid();
3908 int gid = PerlProc_getgid();
3909 int egid = PerlProc_getegid();
3916 if (uid && (euid != uid || egid != gid))
3918 #endif /* !PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS */
3919 /* This is a really primitive check; environment gets ignored only
3920 * if -T are the first chars together; otherwise one gets
3921 * "Too late" message. */
3922 if ( argc > 1 && argv[1][0] == '-'
3923 && (argv[1][1] == 't' || argv[1][1] == 'T') )
3929 S_forbid_setid(pTHX_ const char *s)
3931 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
3932 if (PL_euid != PL_uid)
3933 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed while running setuid", s);
3934 if (PL_egid != PL_gid)
3935 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed while running setgid", s);
3936 #endif /* SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW */
3938 * Checks for UID/GID above "wrong": why disallow
3939 * perl -e 'print "Hello\n"'
3940 * from within setuid things?? Simply drop them: replaced by
3941 * fdscript/suidscript and #ifdef IAMSUID checks below.
3943 * This may be too late for command-line switches. Will catch those on
3944 * the #! line, after finding the script name and setting up
3945 * fdscript/suidscript. Note that suidperl does not get around to
3946 * parsing (and checking) the switches on the #! line, but checks that
3947 * the two sets are identical.
3949 * With SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW, could we use fdscript, also or
3950 * instead, or would that be "too late"? (We never have suidscript, can
3951 * we be sure to have fdscript?)
3953 * Catch things with suidscript (in descendant of suidperl), even with
3954 * right UID/GID. Was already checked in suidperl, with #ifdef IAMSUID,
3955 * below; but I am paranoid.
3957 * Also see comments about root running a setuid script, elsewhere.
3959 if (PL_suidscript >= 0)
3960 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed with (suid) fdscript", s);
3962 /* PSz 11 Nov 03 Catch it in suidperl, always! */
3963 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed in suidperl", s);
3964 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3968 Perl_init_debugger(pTHX)
3970 HV *ostash = PL_curstash;
3972 PL_curstash = PL_debstash;
3973 PL_dbargs = GvAV(gv_AVadd((gv_fetchpv("DB::args", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVAV))));
3974 AvREAL_off(PL_dbargs);
3975 PL_DBgv = gv_fetchpv("DB::DB", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVGV);
3976 PL_DBline = gv_fetchpv("DB::dbline", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVAV);
3977 PL_DBsub = gv_HVadd(gv_fetchpv("DB::sub", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
3978 PL_DBsingle = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("DB::single", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
3979 sv_setiv(PL_DBsingle, 0);
3980 PL_DBtrace = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("DB::trace", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
3981 sv_setiv(PL_DBtrace, 0);
3982 PL_DBsignal = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("DB::signal", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
3983 sv_setiv(PL_DBsignal, 0);
3984 PL_DBassertion = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("DB::assertion", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
3985 sv_setiv(PL_DBassertion, 0);
3986 PL_curstash = ostash;
3989 #ifndef STRESS_REALLOC
3990 #define REASONABLE(size) (size)
3992 #define REASONABLE(size) (1) /* unreasonable */
3996 Perl_init_stacks(pTHX)
3998 /* start with 128-item stack and 8K cxstack */
3999 PL_curstackinfo = new_stackinfo(REASONABLE(128),
4000 REASONABLE(8192/sizeof(PERL_CONTEXT) - 1));
4001 PL_curstackinfo->si_type = PERLSI_MAIN;
4002 PL_curstack = PL_curstackinfo->si_stack;
4003 PL_mainstack = PL_curstack; /* remember in case we switch stacks */
4005 PL_stack_base = AvARRAY(PL_curstack);
4006 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base;
4007 PL_stack_max = PL_stack_base + AvMAX(PL_curstack);
4009 New(50,PL_tmps_stack,REASONABLE(128),SV*);
4012 PL_tmps_max = REASONABLE(128);
4014 New(54,PL_markstack,REASONABLE(32),I32);
4015 PL_markstack_ptr = PL_markstack;
4016 PL_markstack_max = PL_markstack + REASONABLE(32);
4020 New(54,PL_scopestack,REASONABLE(32),I32);
4021 PL_scopestack_ix = 0;
4022 PL_scopestack_max = REASONABLE(32);
4024 New(54,PL_savestack,REASONABLE(128),ANY);
4025 PL_savestack_ix = 0;
4026 PL_savestack_max = REASONABLE(128);
4034 while (PL_curstackinfo->si_next)
4035 PL_curstackinfo = PL_curstackinfo->si_next;
4036 while (PL_curstackinfo) {
4037 PERL_SI *p = PL_curstackinfo->si_prev;
4038 /* curstackinfo->si_stack got nuked by sv_free_arenas() */
4039 Safefree(PL_curstackinfo->si_cxstack);
4040 Safefree(PL_curstackinfo);
4041 PL_curstackinfo = p;
4043 Safefree(PL_tmps_stack);
4044 Safefree(PL_markstack);
4045 Safefree(PL_scopestack);
4046 Safefree(PL_savestack);
4055 lex_start(PL_linestr);
4057 PL_subname = newSVpvn("main",4);
4061 S_init_predump_symbols(pTHX)
4066 sv_setpvn(get_sv("\"", TRUE), " ", 1);
4067 PL_stdingv = gv_fetchpv("STDIN",TRUE, SVt_PVIO);
4068 GvMULTI_on(PL_stdingv);
4069 io = GvIOp(PL_stdingv);
4070 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_RDONLY;
4071 IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stdin();
4072 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("stdin",TRUE, SVt_PV);
4074 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc(io);
4076 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("STDOUT",TRUE, SVt_PVIO);
4079 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_WRONLY;
4080 IoOFP(io) = IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stdout();
4082 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("stdout",TRUE, SVt_PV);
4084 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc(io);
4086 PL_stderrgv = gv_fetchpv("STDERR",TRUE, SVt_PVIO);
4087 GvMULTI_on(PL_stderrgv);
4088 io = GvIOp(PL_stderrgv);
4089 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_WRONLY;
4090 IoOFP(io) = IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stderr();
4091 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("stderr",TRUE, SVt_PV);
4093 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc(io);
4095 PL_statname = NEWSV(66,0); /* last filename we did stat on */
4098 Safefree(PL_osname);
4099 PL_osname = savepv(OSNAME);
4103 Perl_init_argv_symbols(pTHX_ register int argc, register char **argv)
4106 argc--,argv++; /* skip name of script */
4107 if (PL_doswitches) {
4108 for (; argc > 0 && **argv == '-'; argc--,argv++) {
4111 if (argv[0][1] == '-' && !argv[0][2]) {
4115 if ((s = strchr(argv[0], '='))) {
4117 sv_setpv(GvSV(gv_fetchpv(argv[0]+1,TRUE, SVt_PV)),s);
4120 sv_setiv(GvSV(gv_fetchpv(argv[0]+1,TRUE, SVt_PV)),1);
4123 if ((PL_argvgv = gv_fetchpv("ARGV",TRUE, SVt_PVAV))) {
4124 GvMULTI_on(PL_argvgv);
4125 (void)gv_AVadd(PL_argvgv);
4126 av_clear(GvAVn(PL_argvgv));
4127 for (; argc > 0; argc--,argv++) {
4128 SV *sv = newSVpv(argv[0],0);
4129 av_push(GvAVn(PL_argvgv),sv);
4130 if (!(PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_LOCALE_FLAG) || PL_utf8locale) {
4131 if (PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_ARGV_FLAG)
4134 if (PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_WIDESYSCALLS_FLAG) /* Sarathy? */
4135 (void)sv_utf8_decode(sv);
4141 S_init_postdump_symbols(pTHX_ register int argc, register char **argv, register char **env)
4146 PL_toptarget = NEWSV(0,0);
4147 sv_upgrade(PL_toptarget, SVt_PVFM);
4148 sv_setpvn(PL_toptarget, "", 0);
4149 PL_bodytarget = NEWSV(0,0);
4150 sv_upgrade(PL_bodytarget, SVt_PVFM);
4151 sv_setpvn(PL_bodytarget, "", 0);
4152 PL_formtarget = PL_bodytarget;
4156 init_argv_symbols(argc,argv);
4158 if ((tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("0",TRUE, SVt_PV))) {
4159 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4160 /* $0 is not majick on a Mac */
4161 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv),MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
4163 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv),PL_origfilename);
4164 magicname("0", "0", 1);
4167 if ((PL_envgv = gv_fetchpv("ENV",TRUE, SVt_PVHV))) {
4169 GvMULTI_on(PL_envgv);
4170 hv = GvHVn(PL_envgv);
4171 hv_magic(hv, Nullgv, PERL_MAGIC_env);
4173 #ifdef USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY
4174 /* Note that if the supplied env parameter is actually a copy
4175 of the global environ then it may now point to free'd memory
4176 if the environment has been modified since. To avoid this
4177 problem we treat env==NULL as meaning 'use the default'
4182 # ifdef USE_ITHREADS
4183 && PL_curinterp == aTHX
4187 environ[0] = Nullch;
4190 char** origenv = environ;
4193 for (; *env; env++) {
4194 if (!(s = strchr(*env,'=')) || s == *env)
4196 #if defined(MSDOS) && !defined(DJGPP)
4201 sv = newSVpv(s+1, 0);
4202 (void)hv_store(hv, *env, s - *env, sv, 0);
4205 if (origenv != environ) {
4206 /* realloc has shifted us */
4207 env = (env - origenv) + environ;
4212 #endif /* USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY */
4213 #endif /* !PERL_MICRO */
4216 if ((tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("$",TRUE, SVt_PV))) {
4217 SvREADONLY_off(GvSV(tmpgv));
4218 sv_setiv(GvSV(tmpgv), (IV)PerlProc_getpid());
4219 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(tmpgv));
4221 #ifdef THREADS_HAVE_PIDS
4222 PL_ppid = (IV)getppid();
4225 /* touch @F array to prevent spurious warnings 20020415 MJD */
4227 (void) get_av("main::F", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4229 /* touch @- and @+ arrays to prevent spurious warnings 20020415 MJD */
4230 (void) get_av("main::-", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4231 (void) get_av("main::+", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4235 S_init_perllib(pTHX)
4240 s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL5LIB");
4242 incpush(s, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE);
4244 incpush(PerlEnv_getenv("PERLLIB"), FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4246 /* Treat PERL5?LIB as a possible search list logical name -- the
4247 * "natural" VMS idiom for a Unix path string. We allow each
4248 * element to be a set of |-separated directories for compatibility.
4252 if (my_trnlnm("PERL5LIB",buf,0))
4253 do { incpush(buf,TRUE,TRUE,TRUE,FALSE); } while (my_trnlnm("PERL5LIB",buf,++idx));
4255 while (my_trnlnm("PERLLIB",buf,idx++)) incpush(buf,FALSE,FALSE,TRUE,FALSE);
4259 /* Use the ~-expanded versions of APPLLIB (undocumented),
4260 ARCHLIB PRIVLIB SITEARCH SITELIB VENDORARCH and VENDORLIB
4263 incpush(APPLLIB_EXP, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4267 incpush(ARCHLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4269 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4272 SV * privdir = NEWSV(55, 0);
4273 char * macperl = PerlEnv_getenv("MACPERL");
4278 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ privdir, "%slib:", macperl);
4279 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(privdir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 && S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode))
4280 incpush(SvPVX(privdir), TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4281 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ privdir, "%ssite_perl:", macperl);
4282 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(privdir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 && S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode))
4283 incpush(SvPVX(privdir), TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4285 SvREFCNT_dec(privdir);
4288 incpush(":", FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4291 # define PRIVLIB_EXP "/usr/local/lib/perl5:/usr/local/lib/perl"
4294 incpush(PRIVLIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4296 incpush(PRIVLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4300 /* sitearch is always relative to sitelib on Windows for
4301 * DLL-based path intuition to work correctly */
4302 # if !defined(WIN32)
4303 incpush(SITEARCH_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4309 /* this picks up sitearch as well */
4310 incpush(SITELIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4312 incpush(SITELIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4316 #ifdef SITELIB_STEM /* Search for version-specific dirs below here */
4317 incpush(SITELIB_STEM, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4320 #ifdef PERL_VENDORARCH_EXP
4321 /* vendorarch is always relative to vendorlib on Windows for
4322 * DLL-based path intuition to work correctly */
4323 # if !defined(WIN32)
4324 incpush(PERL_VENDORARCH_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4328 #ifdef PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP
4330 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE); /* this picks up vendorarch as well */
4332 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4336 #ifdef PERL_VENDORLIB_STEM /* Search for version-specific dirs below here */
4337 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_STEM, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4340 #ifdef PERL_OTHERLIBDIRS
4341 incpush(PERL_OTHERLIBDIRS, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4345 incpush(".", FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4346 #endif /* MACOS_TRADITIONAL */
4349 #if defined(DOSISH) || defined(EPOC) || defined(SYMBIAN)
4350 # define PERLLIB_SEP ';'
4353 # define PERLLIB_SEP '|'
4355 # if defined(MACOS_TRADITIONAL)
4356 # define PERLLIB_SEP ','
4358 # define PERLLIB_SEP ':'
4362 #ifndef PERLLIB_MANGLE
4363 # define PERLLIB_MANGLE(s,n) (s)
4366 /* Push a directory onto @INC if it exists.
4367 Generate a new SV if we do this, to save needing to copy the SV we push
4370 S_incpush_if_exists(pTHX_ SV *dir)
4373 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX_const(dir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 &&
4374 S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode)) {
4375 av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), dir);
4382 S_incpush(pTHX_ const char *dir, bool addsubdirs, bool addoldvers, bool usesep,
4385 SV *subdir = Nullsv;
4386 const char *p = dir;
4391 if (addsubdirs || addoldvers) {
4392 subdir = NEWSV(0,0);
4395 /* Break at all separators */
4397 SV *libdir = NEWSV(55,0);
4400 /* skip any consecutive separators */
4402 while ( *p == PERLLIB_SEP ) {
4403 /* Uncomment the next line for PATH semantics */
4404 /* av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), newSVpvn(".", 1)); */
4409 if ( usesep && (s = strchr(p, PERLLIB_SEP)) != Nullch ) {
4410 sv_setpvn(libdir, PERLLIB_MANGLE(p, (STRLEN)(s - p)),
4415 sv_setpv(libdir, PERLLIB_MANGLE(p, 0));
4416 p = Nullch; /* break out */
4418 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4419 if (!strchr(SvPVX(libdir), ':')) {
4422 sv_setpv(libdir, MacPerl_CanonDir(SvPVX(libdir), buf, 0));
4424 if (SvPVX(libdir)[SvCUR(libdir)-1] != ':')
4425 sv_catpv(libdir, ":");
4428 /* Do the if() outside the #ifdef to avoid warnings about an unused
4431 #ifdef PERL_RELOCATABLE_INC
4433 * Relocatable include entries are marked with a leading .../
4436 * 0: Remove that leading ".../"
4437 * 1: Remove trailing executable name (anything after the last '/')
4438 * from the perl path to give a perl prefix
4440 * While the @INC element starts "../" and the prefix ends with a real
4441 * directory (ie not . or ..) chop that real directory off the prefix
4442 * and the leading "../" from the @INC element. ie a logical "../"
4444 * Finally concatenate the prefix and the remainder of the @INC element
4445 * The intent is that /usr/local/bin/perl and .../../lib/perl5
4446 * generates /usr/local/lib/perl5
4448 char *libpath = SvPVX(libdir);
4449 STRLEN libpath_len = SvCUR(libdir);
4450 if (libpath_len >= 4 && memEQ (libpath, ".../", 4)) {
4452 SV *caret_X = get_sv("\030", 0);
4453 /* Going to use the SV just as a scratch buffer holding a C
4459 /* $^X is *the* source of taint if tainting is on, hence
4460 SvPOK() won't be true. */
4462 assert(SvPOKp(caret_X));
4463 prefix_sv = newSVpvn(SvPVX(caret_X), SvCUR(caret_X));
4464 /* Firstly take off the leading .../
4465 If all else fail we'll do the paths relative to the current
4467 sv_chop(libdir, libpath + 4);
4468 /* Don't use SvPV as we're intentionally bypassing taining,
4469 mortal copies that the mg_get of tainting creates, and
4470 corruption that seems to come via the save stack.
4471 I guess that the save stack isn't correctly set up yet. */
4472 libpath = SvPVX(libdir);
4473 libpath_len = SvCUR(libdir);
4475 /* This would work more efficiently with memrchr, but as it's
4476 only a GNU extension we'd need to probe for it and
4477 implement our own. Not hard, but maybe not worth it? */
4479 prefix = SvPVX(prefix_sv);
4480 lastslash = strrchr(prefix, '/');
4482 /* First time in with the *lastslash = '\0' we just wipe off
4483 the trailing /perl from (say) /usr/foo/bin/perl
4487 while ((*lastslash = '\0'), /* Do that, come what may. */
4488 (libpath_len >= 3 && memEQ(libpath, "../", 3)
4489 && (lastslash = strrchr(prefix, '/')))) {
4490 if (lastslash[1] == '\0'
4491 || (lastslash[1] == '.'
4492 && (lastslash[2] == '/' /* ends "/." */
4493 || (lastslash[2] == '/'
4494 && lastslash[3] == '/' /* or "/.." */
4496 /* Prefix ends "/" or "/." or "/..", any of which
4497 are fishy, so don't do any more logical cleanup.
4501 /* Remove leading "../" from path */
4504 /* Next iteration round the loop removes the last
4505 directory name from prefix by writing a '\0' in
4506 the while clause. */
4508 /* prefix has been terminated with a '\0' to the correct
4509 length. libpath points somewhere into the libdir SV.
4510 We need to join the 2 with '/' and drop the result into
4512 tempsv = Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "%s/%s", prefix, libpath);
4513 SvREFCNT_dec(libdir);
4514 /* And this is the new libdir. */
4517 (PL_uid != PL_euid || PL_gid != PL_egid)) {
4518 /* Need to taint reloccated paths if running set ID */
4519 SvTAINTED_on(libdir);
4522 SvREFCNT_dec(prefix_sv);
4527 * BEFORE pushing libdir onto @INC we may first push version- and
4528 * archname-specific sub-directories.
4530 if (addsubdirs || addoldvers) {
4531 #ifdef PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST
4532 /* Configure terminates PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST with a NULL */
4533 const char *incverlist[] = { PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST };
4534 const char **incver;
4540 if ((unix = tounixspec_ts(SvPV(libdir,len),Nullch)) != Nullch) {
4542 while (unix[len-1] == '/') len--; /* Cosmetic */
4543 sv_usepvn(libdir,unix,len);
4546 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log,
4547 "Failed to unixify @INC element \"%s\"\n",
4551 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4552 #define PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT ""
4553 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT "%s:"
4554 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_FS_VER_FMT PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT
4556 #define PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT "/"
4557 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT "/%s"
4558 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT PERL_FS_VER_FMT
4560 /* .../version/archname if -d .../version/archname */
4561 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_ARCH_FMT,
4563 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
4564 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION, ARCHNAME);
4565 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
4567 /* .../version if -d .../version */
4568 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH, libdir,
4569 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
4570 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION);
4571 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
4573 /* .../archname if -d .../archname */
4574 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT, libdir, ARCHNAME);
4575 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
4579 #ifdef PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST
4581 for (incver = incverlist; *incver; incver++) {
4582 /* .../xxx if -d .../xxx */
4583 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT, libdir, *incver);
4584 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
4590 /* finally push this lib directory on the end of @INC */
4591 av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), libdir);
4594 assert (SvREFCNT(subdir) == 1);
4595 SvREFCNT_dec(subdir);
4599 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
4600 STATIC struct perl_thread *
4601 S_init_main_thread(pTHX)
4603 #if !defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
4604 struct perl_thread *thr;
4608 Newz(53, thr, 1, struct perl_thread);
4609 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
4610 thr->interp = PERL_GET_INTERP;
4611 thr->cvcache = newHV();
4612 thr->threadsv = newAV();
4613 /* thr->threadsvp is set when find_threadsv is called */
4614 thr->specific = newAV();
4615 thr->flags = THRf_R_JOINABLE;
4616 MUTEX_INIT(&thr->mutex);
4617 /* Handcraft thrsv similarly to mess_sv */
4618 New(53, PL_thrsv, 1, SV);
4619 Newz(53, xpv, 1, XPV);
4620 SvFLAGS(PL_thrsv) = SVt_PV;
4621 SvANY(PL_thrsv) = (void*)xpv;
4622 SvREFCNT(PL_thrsv) = 1 << 30; /* practically infinite */
4623 SvPV_set(PL_thrsvr, (char*)thr);
4624 SvCUR_set(PL_thrsv, sizeof(thr));
4625 SvLEN_set(PL_thrsv, sizeof(thr));
4626 *SvEND(PL_thrsv) = '\0'; /* in the trailing_nul field */
4627 thr->oursv = PL_thrsv;
4628 PL_chopset = " \n-";
4631 MUTEX_LOCK(&PL_threads_mutex);
4637 MUTEX_UNLOCK(&PL_threads_mutex);
4639 #ifdef HAVE_THREAD_INTERN
4640 Perl_init_thread_intern(thr);
4643 #ifdef SET_THREAD_SELF
4644 SET_THREAD_SELF(thr);
4646 thr->self = pthread_self();
4647 #endif /* SET_THREAD_SELF */
4651 * These must come after the thread self setting
4652 * because sv_setpvn does SvTAINT and the taint
4653 * fields thread selfness being set.
4655 PL_toptarget = NEWSV(0,0);
4656 sv_upgrade(PL_toptarget, SVt_PVFM);
4657 sv_setpvn(PL_toptarget, "", 0);
4658 PL_bodytarget = NEWSV(0,0);
4659 sv_upgrade(PL_bodytarget, SVt_PVFM);
4660 sv_setpvn(PL_bodytarget, "", 0);
4661 PL_formtarget = PL_bodytarget;
4662 thr->errsv = newSVpvn("", 0);
4663 (void) find_threadsv("@"); /* Ensure $@ is initialised early */
4666 PL_peepp = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_peep);
4667 PL_regcompp = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_pregcomp);
4668 PL_regexecp = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_regexec_flags);
4669 PL_regint_start = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_re_intuit_start);
4670 PL_regint_string = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_re_intuit_string);
4671 PL_regfree = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_pregfree);
4673 PL_reginterp_cnt = 0;
4677 #endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
4680 Perl_call_list(pTHX_ I32 oldscope, AV *paramList)
4684 const line_t oldline = CopLINE(PL_curcop);
4690 while (av_len(paramList) >= 0) {
4691 cv = (CV*)av_shift(paramList);
4693 if (paramList == PL_beginav) {
4694 /* save PL_beginav for compiler */
4695 if (! PL_beginav_save)
4696 PL_beginav_save = newAV();
4697 av_push(PL_beginav_save, (SV*)cv);
4699 else if (paramList == PL_checkav) {
4700 /* save PL_checkav for compiler */
4701 if (! PL_checkav_save)
4702 PL_checkav_save = newAV();
4703 av_push(PL_checkav_save, (SV*)cv);
4713 (void)SvPV_const(atsv, len);
4715 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
4716 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
4717 if (paramList == PL_beginav)
4718 sv_catpv(atsv, "BEGIN failed--compilation aborted");
4720 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ atsv,
4721 "%s failed--call queue aborted",
4722 paramList == PL_checkav ? "CHECK"
4723 : paramList == PL_initav ? "INIT"
4725 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
4728 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%"SVf"", atsv);
4735 /* my_exit() was called */
4736 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
4739 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
4740 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
4741 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
4743 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED)) {
4744 if (paramList == PL_beginav)
4745 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "BEGIN failed--compilation aborted");
4747 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s failed--call queue aborted",
4748 paramList == PL_checkav ? "CHECK"
4749 : paramList == PL_initav ? "INIT"
4756 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
4757 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
4760 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: restartop\n");
4769 S_call_list_body(pTHX_ CV *cv)
4771 PUSHMARK(PL_stack_sp);
4772 call_sv((SV*)cv, G_EVAL|G_DISCARD);
4777 Perl_my_exit(pTHX_ U32 status)
4779 DEBUG_S(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "my_exit: thread %p, status %lu\n",
4780 thr, (unsigned long) status));
4789 STATUS_NATIVE_SET(status);
4796 Perl_my_failure_exit(pTHX)
4799 if (vaxc$errno & 1) {
4800 if (STATUS_NATIVE & 1) /* fortuitiously includes "-1" */
4801 STATUS_NATIVE_SET(44);
4804 if (!vaxc$errno) /* unlikely */
4805 STATUS_NATIVE_SET(44);
4807 STATUS_NATIVE_SET(vaxc$errno);
4812 STATUS_UNIX_SET(errno);
4814 exitstatus = STATUS_UNIX >> 8;
4815 if (exitstatus & 255)
4816 STATUS_UNIX_SET(exitstatus);
4818 STATUS_UNIX_SET(255);
4825 S_my_exit_jump(pTHX)
4828 register PERL_CONTEXT *cx;
4833 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
4834 PL_e_script = Nullsv;
4837 POPSTACK_TO(PL_mainstack);
4838 if (cxstack_ix >= 0) {
4841 POPBLOCK(cx,PL_curpm);
4849 read_e_script(pTHX_ int idx, SV *buf_sv, int maxlen)
4855 p = SvPVX_const(PL_e_script);
4856 nl = strchr(p, '\n');
4857 nl = (nl) ? nl+1 : SvEND(PL_e_script);
4859 filter_del(read_e_script);
4862 sv_catpvn(buf_sv, p, nl-p);
4863 sv_chop(PL_e_script, nl);
4869 * c-indentation-style: bsd
4871 * indent-tabs-mode: t
4874 * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 noet: