3 * Copyright (C) 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
4 * 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * "A ship then new they built for him/of mithril and of elven glass" --Bilbo
15 /* This file contains the top-level functions that are used to create, use
16 * and destroy a perl interpreter, plus the functions used by XS code to
17 * call back into perl. Note that it does not contain the actual main()
18 * function of the interpreter; that can be found in perlmain.c
23 * Be proud that perl(1) may proclaim:
24 * Setuid Perl scripts are safer than C programs ...
25 * Do not abandon (deprecate) suidperl. Do not advocate C wrappers.
27 * The flow was: perl starts, notices script is suid, execs suidperl with same
28 * arguments; suidperl opens script, checks many things, sets itself with
29 * right UID, execs perl with similar arguments but with script pre-opened on
30 * /dev/fd/xxx; perl checks script is as should be and does work. This was
31 * insecure: see perlsec(1) for many problems with this approach.
33 * The "correct" flow should be: perl starts, opens script and notices it is
34 * suid, checks many things, execs suidperl with similar arguments but with
35 * script on /dev/fd/xxx; suidperl checks script and /dev/fd/xxx object are
36 * same, checks arguments match #! line, sets itself with right UID, execs
37 * perl with same arguments; perl checks many things and does work.
39 * (Opening the script in perl instead of suidperl, we "lose" scripts that
40 * are readable to the target UID but not to the invoker. Where did
41 * unreadable scripts work anyway?)
43 * For now, suidperl and perl are pretty much the same large and cumbersome
44 * program, so suidperl can check its argument list (see comments elsewhere).
47 * Original bug report:
48 * http://bugs.perl.org/index.html?req=bug_id&bug_id=20010322.218
49 * http://rt.perl.org/rt2/Ticket/Display.html?id=6511
50 * Comments and discussion with Debian:
51 * http://bugs.debian.org/203426
52 * http://bugs.debian.org/220486
53 * Debian Security Advisory DSA 431-1 (does not fully fix problem):
54 * http://www.debian.org/security/2004/dsa-431
56 * http://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CAN-2003-0618
57 * Previous versions of this patch sent to perl5-porters:
58 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg71953.html
59 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75245.html
60 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75563.html
61 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75635.html
63 Paul Szabo - psz@maths.usyd.edu.au http://www.maths.usyd.edu.au:8000/u/psz/
64 School of Mathematics and Statistics University of Sydney 2006 Australia
68 * Use truthful, neat, specific error messages.
69 * Cannot always hide the truth; security must not depend on doing so.
73 * Use global(?), thread-local fdscript for easier checks.
74 * (I do not understand how we could possibly get a thread race:
75 * do not all threads go through the same initialization? Or in
76 * fact, are not threads started only after we get the script and
77 * so know what to do? Oh well, make things super-safe...)
81 #define PERL_IN_PERL_C
83 #include "patchlevel.h" /* for local_patches */
87 char *nw_get_sitelib(const char *pl);
90 /* XXX If this causes problems, set i_unistd=undef in the hint file. */
95 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
97 # include <sys/wait.h>
100 # include <sys/uio.h>
105 char control[CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(int))];
122 #if !defined(STANDARD_C) && !defined(HAS_GETENV_PROTOTYPE) && !defined(PERL_MICRO)
123 char *getenv (char *); /* Usually in <stdlib.h> */
126 static I32 read_e_script(pTHX_ int idx, SV *buf_sv, int maxlen);
134 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
141 S_init_tls_and_interp(PerlInterpreter *my_perl)
145 PERL_SET_INTERP(my_perl);
146 #if defined(USE_ITHREADS)
149 PERL_SET_THX(my_perl);
151 MUTEX_INIT(&PL_dollarzero_mutex);
153 #ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
154 MUTEX_INIT(&PL_my_ctx_mutex);
158 PERL_SET_THX(my_perl);
162 #ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
164 perl_alloc_using(struct IPerlMem* ipM, struct IPerlMem* ipMS,
165 struct IPerlMem* ipMP, struct IPerlEnv* ipE,
166 struct IPerlStdIO* ipStd, struct IPerlLIO* ipLIO,
167 struct IPerlDir* ipD, struct IPerlSock* ipS,
168 struct IPerlProc* ipP)
170 PerlInterpreter *my_perl;
171 /* Newx() needs interpreter, so call malloc() instead */
172 my_perl = (PerlInterpreter*)(*ipM->pMalloc)(ipM, sizeof(PerlInterpreter));
173 S_init_tls_and_interp(my_perl);
174 Zero(my_perl, 1, PerlInterpreter);
184 INIT_TRACK_MEMPOOL(PL_memory_debug_header, my_perl);
191 =head1 Embedding Functions
193 =for apidoc perl_alloc
195 Allocates a new Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
203 PerlInterpreter *my_perl;
205 /* Newx() needs interpreter, so call malloc() instead */
206 my_perl = (PerlInterpreter*)PerlMem_malloc(sizeof(PerlInterpreter));
208 S_init_tls_and_interp(my_perl);
209 #ifndef PERL_TRACK_MEMPOOL
210 return (PerlInterpreter *) ZeroD(my_perl, 1, PerlInterpreter);
212 Zero(my_perl, 1, PerlInterpreter);
213 INIT_TRACK_MEMPOOL(PL_memory_debug_header, my_perl);
217 #endif /* PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS */
220 =for apidoc perl_construct
222 Initializes a new Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
228 perl_construct(pTHXx)
231 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(my_perl);
234 PL_perl_destruct_level = 1;
236 if (PL_perl_destruct_level > 0)
239 /* Init the real globals (and main thread)? */
241 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling; /* needed by ckWARN, right away */
243 PL_linestr = newSV(79);
244 sv_upgrade(PL_linestr,SVt_PVIV);
246 if (!SvREADONLY(&PL_sv_undef)) {
247 /* set read-only and try to insure than we wont see REFCNT==0
250 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_undef);
251 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_undef) = (~(U32)0)/2;
253 sv_setpv(&PL_sv_no,PL_No);
254 /* value lookup in void context - happens to have the side effect
255 of caching the numeric forms. */
258 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_no);
259 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_no) = (~(U32)0)/2;
261 sv_setpv(&PL_sv_yes,PL_Yes);
264 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_yes);
265 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_yes) = (~(U32)0)/2;
267 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_placeholder);
268 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_placeholder) = (~(U32)0)/2;
271 PL_sighandlerp = (Sighandler_t) Perl_sighandler;
272 #ifdef PERL_USES_PL_PIDSTATUS
273 PL_pidstatus = newHV();
277 PL_rs = newSVpvs("\n");
282 PL_lex_state = LEX_NOTPARSING;
288 SET_NUMERIC_STANDARD();
290 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
291 PL_localpatches = local_patches; /* For possible -v */
294 #ifdef HAVE_INTERP_INTERN
298 PerlIO_init(aTHX); /* Hook to IO system */
300 PL_fdpid = newAV(); /* for remembering popen pids by fd */
301 PL_modglobal = newHV(); /* pointers to per-interpreter module globals */
302 PL_errors = newSVpvs("");
303 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(0), "", 0); /* For regex debugging. */
304 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(1), "", 0); /* ext/re needs these */
305 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(2), "", 0); /* even without DEBUGGING. */
307 PL_regex_padav = newAV();
308 av_push(PL_regex_padav,(SV*)newAV()); /* First entry is an array of empty elements */
309 PL_regex_pad = AvARRAY(PL_regex_padav);
311 #ifdef USE_REENTRANT_API
312 Perl_reentrant_init(aTHX);
315 /* Note that strtab is a rather special HV. Assumptions are made
316 about not iterating on it, and not adding tie magic to it.
317 It is properly deallocated in perl_destruct() */
320 HvSHAREKEYS_off(PL_strtab); /* mandatory */
321 hv_ksplit(PL_strtab, 512);
323 #if defined(__DYNAMIC__) && (defined(NeXT) || defined(__NeXT__))
324 _dyld_lookup_and_bind
325 ("__environ", (unsigned long *) &environ_pointer, NULL);
329 # ifdef USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY
330 PL_origenviron = environ;
334 /* Use sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK) if available, if not
335 * available or if the sysconf() fails, use the HZ.
336 * BeOS has those, but returns the wrong value.
337 * The HZ if not originally defined has been by now
338 * been defined as CLK_TCK, if available. */
339 #if defined(HAS_SYSCONF) && defined(_SC_CLK_TCK) && !defined(__BEOS__)
340 PL_clocktick = sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK);
341 if (PL_clocktick <= 0)
345 PL_stashcache = newHV();
347 PL_patchlevel = Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "%d.%d.%d", (int)PERL_REVISION,
348 (int)PERL_VERSION, (int)PERL_SUBVERSION);
351 if (!PL_mmap_page_size) {
352 #if defined(HAS_SYSCONF) && (defined(_SC_PAGESIZE) || defined(_SC_MMAP_PAGE_SIZE))
354 SETERRNO(0, SS_NORMAL);
356 PL_mmap_page_size = sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE);
358 PL_mmap_page_size = sysconf(_SC_MMAP_PAGE_SIZE);
360 if ((long) PL_mmap_page_size < 0) {
362 SV * const error = ERRSV;
363 (void) SvUPGRADE(error, SVt_PV);
364 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: sysconf: %s", SvPV_nolen_const(error));
367 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: sysconf: pagesize unknown");
371 # ifdef HAS_GETPAGESIZE
372 PL_mmap_page_size = getpagesize();
374 # if defined(I_SYS_PARAM) && defined(PAGESIZE)
375 PL_mmap_page_size = PAGESIZE; /* compiletime, bad */
379 if (PL_mmap_page_size <= 0)
380 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: bad pagesize %" IVdf,
381 (IV) PL_mmap_page_size);
383 #endif /* HAS_MMAP */
385 #if defined(HAS_TIMES) && defined(PERL_NEED_TIMESBASE)
386 PL_timesbase.tms_utime = 0;
387 PL_timesbase.tms_stime = 0;
388 PL_timesbase.tms_cutime = 0;
389 PL_timesbase.tms_cstime = 0;
396 =for apidoc nothreadhook
398 Stub that provides thread hook for perl_destruct when there are
405 Perl_nothreadhook(pTHX)
410 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
412 Perl_dump_sv_child(pTHX_ SV *sv)
415 const int sock = PL_dumper_fd;
416 const int debug_fd = PerlIO_fileno(Perl_debug_log);
417 union control_un control;
420 struct cmsghdr *cmptr;
422 unsigned char buffer[256];
424 if(sock == -1 || debug_fd == -1)
427 PerlIO_flush(Perl_debug_log);
429 /* All these shenanigans are to pass a file descriptor over to our child for
430 it to dump out to. We can't let it hold open the file descriptor when it
431 forks, as the file descriptor it will dump to can turn out to be one end
432 of pipe that some other process will wait on for EOF. (So as it would
433 be open, the wait would be forever. */
435 msg.msg_control = control.control;
436 msg.msg_controllen = sizeof(control.control);
437 /* We're a connected socket so we don't need a destination */
443 cmptr = CMSG_FIRSTHDR(&msg);
444 cmptr->cmsg_len = CMSG_LEN(sizeof(int));
445 cmptr->cmsg_level = SOL_SOCKET;
446 cmptr->cmsg_type = SCM_RIGHTS;
447 *((int *)CMSG_DATA(cmptr)) = 1;
449 vec[0].iov_base = (void*)&sv;
450 vec[0].iov_len = sizeof(sv);
451 got = sendmsg(sock, &msg, 0);
454 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent sendmsg failed");
457 if(got < sizeof(sv)) {
458 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent short sendmsg");
462 /* Return protocol is
464 unsigned char: length of location string (0 for empty)
465 unsigned char*: string (not terminated)
467 vec[0].iov_base = (void*)&returned_errno;
468 vec[0].iov_len = sizeof(returned_errno);
469 vec[1].iov_base = buffer;
472 got = readv(sock, vec, 2);
475 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent read failed");
476 PerlIO_flush(PerlIO_stderr());
479 if(got < sizeof(returned_errno) + 1) {
480 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent short read");
481 PerlIO_flush(PerlIO_stderr());
486 got = read(sock, buffer + 1, *buffer);
488 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent read 2 failed");
489 PerlIO_flush(PerlIO_stderr());
494 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent short read 2");
495 PerlIO_flush(PerlIO_stderr());
500 if (returned_errno || *buffer) {
501 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "Debug leaking scalars child failed%s%.*s with errno"
502 " %d: %s", (*buffer ? " at " : ""), (int) *buffer, buffer + 1,
503 returned_errno, strerror(returned_errno));
509 =for apidoc perl_destruct
511 Shuts down a Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
520 volatile int destruct_level; /* 0=none, 1=full, 2=full with checks */
522 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
526 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(my_perl);
528 /* wait for all pseudo-forked children to finish */
529 PERL_WAIT_FOR_CHILDREN;
531 destruct_level = PL_perl_destruct_level;
534 const char * const s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL");
536 const int i = atoi(s);
537 if (destruct_level < i)
543 if (PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_DESTRUCT_END) {
549 if (PL_endav && !PL_minus_c)
550 call_list(PL_scopestack_ix, PL_endav);
556 /* Need to flush since END blocks can produce output */
559 if (CALL_FPTR(PL_threadhook)(aTHX)) {
560 /* Threads hook has vetoed further cleanup */
564 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
565 if (destruct_level != 0) {
566 /* Fork here to create a child. Our child's job is to preserve the
567 state of scalars prior to destruction, so that we can instruct it
568 to dump any scalars that we later find have leaked.
569 There's no subtlety in this code - it assumes POSIX, and it doesn't
573 if(socketpair(AF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, 0, fd)) {
574 perror("Debug leaking scalars socketpair failed");
580 perror("Debug leaking scalars fork failed");
584 /* We are the child */
585 const int sock = fd[1];
586 const int debug_fd = PerlIO_fileno(Perl_debug_log);
589 /* Our success message is an integer 0, and a char 0 */
590 static const char success[sizeof(int) + 1];
594 /* We need to close all other file descriptors otherwise we end up
595 with interesting hangs, where the parent closes its end of a
596 pipe, and sits waiting for (another) child to terminate. Only
597 that child never terminates, because it never gets EOF, because
598 we also have the far end of the pipe open. We even need to
599 close the debugging fd, because sometimes it happens to be one
600 end of a pipe, and a process is waiting on the other end for
601 EOF. Normally it would be closed at some point earlier in
602 destruction, but if we happen to cause the pipe to remain open,
603 EOF never occurs, and we get an infinite hang. Hence all the
604 games to pass in a file descriptor if it's actually needed. */
606 f = sysconf(_SC_OPEN_MAX);
608 where = "sysconf failed";
619 union control_un control;
622 struct cmsghdr *cmptr;
626 msg.msg_control = control.control;
627 msg.msg_controllen = sizeof(control.control);
628 /* We're a connected socket so we don't need a source */
632 msg.msg_iovlen = sizeof(vec)/sizeof(vec[0]);
634 vec[0].iov_base = (void*)⌖
635 vec[0].iov_len = sizeof(target);
637 got = recvmsg(sock, &msg, 0);
642 where = "recv failed";
645 if(got < sizeof(target)) {
646 where = "short recv";
650 if(!(cmptr = CMSG_FIRSTHDR(&msg))) {
654 if(cmptr->cmsg_len != CMSG_LEN(sizeof(int))) {
655 where = "wrong cmsg_len";
658 if(cmptr->cmsg_level != SOL_SOCKET) {
659 where = "wrong cmsg_level";
662 if(cmptr->cmsg_type != SCM_RIGHTS) {
663 where = "wrong cmsg_type";
667 got_fd = *(int*)CMSG_DATA(cmptr);
668 /* For our last little bit of trickery, put the file descriptor
669 back into Perl_debug_log, as if we never actually closed it
671 if(got_fd != debug_fd) {
672 if (dup2(got_fd, debug_fd) == -1) {
679 PerlIO_flush(Perl_debug_log);
681 got = write(sock, &success, sizeof(success));
684 where = "write failed";
687 if(got < sizeof(success)) {
688 where = "short write";
695 int send_errno = errno;
696 unsigned char length = (unsigned char) strlen(where);
697 struct iovec failure[3] = {
698 {(void*)&send_errno, sizeof(send_errno)},
700 {(void*)where, length}
702 int got = writev(sock, failure, 3);
703 /* Bad news travels fast. Faster than data. We'll get a SIGPIPE
704 in the parent if we try to read from the socketpair after the
705 child has exited, even if there was data to read.
706 So sleep a bit to give the parent a fighting chance of
709 _exit((got == -1) ? errno : 0);
713 PL_dumper_fd = fd[0];
718 /* We must account for everything. */
720 /* Destroy the main CV and syntax tree */
721 /* Do this now, because destroying ops can cause new SVs to be generated
722 in Perl_pad_swipe, and when running with -DDEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS they
723 PL_curcop to point to a valid op from which the filename structure
725 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
727 /* ensure comppad/curpad to refer to main's pad */
728 if (CvPADLIST(PL_main_cv)) {
729 PAD_SET_CUR_NOSAVE(CvPADLIST(PL_main_cv), 1);
731 op_free(PL_main_root);
732 PL_main_root = Nullop;
734 PL_main_start = Nullop;
735 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_main_cv);
739 /* Tell PerlIO we are about to tear things apart in case
740 we have layers which are using resources that should
744 PerlIO_destruct(aTHX);
746 if (PL_sv_objcount) {
748 * Try to destruct global references. We do this first so that the
749 * destructors and destructees still exist. Some sv's might remain.
750 * Non-referenced objects are on their own.
754 if (PL_defoutgv && !SvREFCNT(PL_defoutgv))
755 PL_defoutgv = NULL; /* may have been freed */
758 /* unhook hooks which will soon be, or use, destroyed data */
759 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_warnhook);
761 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_diehook);
764 /* call exit list functions */
765 while (PL_exitlistlen-- > 0)
766 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].fn(aTHX_ PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].ptr);
768 Safefree(PL_exitlist);
773 if (destruct_level == 0){
775 DEBUG_P(debprofdump());
777 #if defined(PERLIO_LAYERS)
778 /* No more IO - including error messages ! */
779 PerlIO_cleanup(aTHX);
782 /* The exit() function will do everything that needs doing. */
786 /* jettison our possibly duplicated environment */
787 /* if PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV is defined environ will not have been copied
788 * so we certainly shouldn't free it here
791 #if defined(USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY) && !defined(PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV)
792 if (environ != PL_origenviron && !PL_use_safe_putenv
794 /* only main thread can free environ[0] contents */
795 && PL_curinterp == aTHX
801 for (i = 0; environ[i]; i++)
802 safesysfree(environ[i]);
804 /* Must use safesysfree() when working with environ. */
805 safesysfree(environ);
807 environ = PL_origenviron;
810 #endif /* !PERL_MICRO */
812 /* reset so print() ends up where we expect */
816 /* the syntax tree is shared between clones
817 * so op_free(PL_main_root) only ReREFCNT_dec's
818 * REGEXPs in the parent interpreter
819 * we need to manually ReREFCNT_dec for the clones
822 I32 i = AvFILLp(PL_regex_padav) + 1;
823 SV * const * const ary = AvARRAY(PL_regex_padav);
826 SV * const resv = ary[--i];
828 if (SvFLAGS(resv) & SVf_BREAK) {
829 /* this is PL_reg_curpm, already freed
830 * flag is set in regexec.c:S_regtry
832 SvFLAGS(resv) &= ~SVf_BREAK;
834 else if(SvREPADTMP(resv)) {
835 SvREPADTMP_off(resv);
837 else if(SvIOKp(resv)) {
838 REGEXP *re = INT2PTR(REGEXP *,SvIVX(resv));
843 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_regex_padav);
844 PL_regex_padav = NULL;
848 SvREFCNT_dec((SV*) PL_stashcache);
849 PL_stashcache = NULL;
851 /* loosen bonds of global variables */
854 (void)PerlIO_close(PL_rsfp);
858 /* Filters for program text */
859 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rsfp_filters);
860 PL_rsfp_filters = NULL;
863 PL_preprocess = FALSE;
869 PL_doswitches = FALSE;
870 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_OFF;
871 PL_doextract = FALSE;
872 PL_sawampersand = FALSE; /* must save all match strings */
875 Safefree(PL_inplace);
877 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_patchlevel);
880 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
886 /* magical thingies */
888 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ofs_sv); /* $, */
891 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ors_sv); /* $\ */
894 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rs); /* $/ */
897 PL_multiline = 0; /* $* */
898 Safefree(PL_osname); /* $^O */
901 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_statname);
905 /* defgv, aka *_ should be taken care of elsewhere */
907 /* clean up after study() */
908 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_lastscream);
909 PL_lastscream = NULL;
910 Safefree(PL_screamfirst);
912 Safefree(PL_screamnext);
916 Safefree(PL_efloatbuf);
920 /* startup and shutdown function lists */
921 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_beginav);
922 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_beginav_save);
923 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_endav);
924 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_checkav);
925 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_checkav_save);
926 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_initav);
928 PL_beginav_save = NULL;
931 PL_checkav_save = NULL;
934 /* shortcuts just get cleared */
943 PL_last_in_gv = NULL;
951 PL_DBassertion = NULL;
956 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_argvout_stack);
957 PL_argvout_stack = NULL;
959 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_modglobal);
961 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_preambleav);
962 PL_preambleav = NULL;
963 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_subname);
965 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_linestr);
967 #ifdef PERL_USES_PL_PIDSTATUS
968 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_pidstatus);
971 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_toptarget);
973 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_bodytarget);
974 PL_bodytarget = NULL;
975 PL_formtarget = NULL;
977 /* free locale stuff */
978 #ifdef USE_LOCALE_COLLATE
979 Safefree(PL_collation_name);
980 PL_collation_name = NULL;
983 #ifdef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC
984 Safefree(PL_numeric_name);
985 PL_numeric_name = NULL;
986 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_numeric_radix_sv);
987 PL_numeric_radix_sv = NULL;
990 /* clear utf8 character classes */
991 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alnum);
992 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alnumc);
993 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_ascii);
994 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alpha);
995 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_space);
996 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_cntrl);
997 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_graph);
998 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_digit);
999 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_upper);
1000 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_lower);
1001 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_print);
1002 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_punct);
1003 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_xdigit);
1004 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_mark);
1005 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_toupper);
1006 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_totitle);
1007 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_tolower);
1008 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_tofold);
1009 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_idstart);
1010 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_idcont);
1011 PL_utf8_alnum = NULL;
1012 PL_utf8_alnumc = NULL;
1013 PL_utf8_ascii = NULL;
1014 PL_utf8_alpha = NULL;
1015 PL_utf8_space = NULL;
1016 PL_utf8_cntrl = NULL;
1017 PL_utf8_graph = NULL;
1018 PL_utf8_digit = NULL;
1019 PL_utf8_upper = NULL;
1020 PL_utf8_lower = NULL;
1021 PL_utf8_print = NULL;
1022 PL_utf8_punct = NULL;
1023 PL_utf8_xdigit = NULL;
1024 PL_utf8_mark = NULL;
1025 PL_utf8_toupper = NULL;
1026 PL_utf8_totitle = NULL;
1027 PL_utf8_tolower = NULL;
1028 PL_utf8_tofold = NULL;
1029 PL_utf8_idstart = NULL;
1030 PL_utf8_idcont = NULL;
1032 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
1033 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
1034 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = NULL;
1035 if (!specialCopIO(PL_compiling.cop_io))
1036 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_io);
1037 PL_compiling.cop_io = NULL;
1038 CopFILE_free(&PL_compiling);
1039 CopSTASH_free(&PL_compiling);
1041 /* Prepare to destruct main symbol table. */
1046 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_curstname);
1047 PL_curstname = NULL;
1049 /* clear queued errors */
1050 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_errors);
1054 if (destruct_level >= 2 && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL)) {
1055 if (PL_scopestack_ix != 0)
1056 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
1057 "Unbalanced scopes: %ld more ENTERs than LEAVEs\n",
1058 (long)PL_scopestack_ix);
1059 if (PL_savestack_ix != 0)
1060 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
1061 "Unbalanced saves: %ld more saves than restores\n",
1062 (long)PL_savestack_ix);
1063 if (PL_tmps_floor != -1)
1064 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Unbalanced tmps: %ld more allocs than frees\n",
1065 (long)PL_tmps_floor + 1);
1066 if (cxstack_ix != -1)
1067 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Unbalanced context: %ld more PUSHes than POPs\n",
1068 (long)cxstack_ix + 1);
1071 /* Now absolutely destruct everything, somehow or other, loops or no. */
1072 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) |= SVTYPEMASK; /* don't clean out pid table now */
1073 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) |= SVTYPEMASK; /* don't clean out strtab now */
1075 /* the 2 is for PL_fdpid and PL_strtab */
1076 while (PL_sv_count > 2 && sv_clean_all())
1079 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) &= ~SVTYPEMASK;
1080 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) |= SVt_PVAV;
1081 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) &= ~SVTYPEMASK;
1082 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) |= SVt_PVHV;
1084 AvREAL_off(PL_fdpid); /* no surviving entries */
1085 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_fdpid); /* needed in io_close() */
1088 #ifdef HAVE_INTERP_INTERN
1092 /* Destruct the global string table. */
1094 /* Yell and reset the HeVAL() slots that are still holding refcounts,
1095 * so that sv_free() won't fail on them.
1096 * Now that the global string table is using a single hunk of memory
1097 * for both HE and HEK, we either need to explicitly unshare it the
1098 * correct way, or actually free things here.
1101 const I32 max = HvMAX(PL_strtab);
1102 HE * const * const array = HvARRAY(PL_strtab);
1103 HE *hent = array[0];
1106 if (hent && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL)) {
1107 HE * const next = HeNEXT(hent);
1108 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
1109 "Unbalanced string table refcount: (%ld) for \"%s\"",
1110 (long)hent->he_valu.hent_refcount, HeKEY(hent));
1117 hent = array[riter];
1122 HvARRAY(PL_strtab) = 0;
1123 HvTOTALKEYS(PL_strtab) = 0;
1124 HvFILL(PL_strtab) = 0;
1126 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_strtab);
1129 /* free the pointer tables used for cloning */
1130 ptr_table_free(PL_ptr_table);
1131 PL_ptr_table = (PTR_TBL_t*)NULL;
1134 /* free special SVs */
1136 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_yes) = 0;
1137 sv_clear(&PL_sv_yes);
1138 SvANY(&PL_sv_yes) = NULL;
1139 SvFLAGS(&PL_sv_yes) = 0;
1141 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_no) = 0;
1142 sv_clear(&PL_sv_no);
1143 SvANY(&PL_sv_no) = NULL;
1144 SvFLAGS(&PL_sv_no) = 0;
1148 for (i=0; i<=2; i++) {
1149 SvREFCNT(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = 0;
1150 sv_clear(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i));
1151 SvANY(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = NULL;
1152 SvFLAGS(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = 0;
1156 if (PL_sv_count != 0 && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
1157 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Scalars leaked: %ld\n", (long)PL_sv_count);
1159 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS
1160 if (PL_sv_count != 0) {
1165 for (sva = PL_sv_arenaroot; sva; sva = (SV*)SvANY(sva)) {
1166 svend = &sva[SvREFCNT(sva)];
1167 for (sv = sva + 1; sv < svend; ++sv) {
1168 if (SvTYPE(sv) != SVTYPEMASK) {
1169 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "leaked: sv=0x%p"
1171 " refcnt=%"UVuf pTHX__FORMAT "\n"
1172 "\tallocated at %s:%d %s %s%s\n",
1173 sv, sv->sv_flags, sv->sv_refcnt pTHX__VALUE,
1174 sv->sv_debug_file ? sv->sv_debug_file : "(unknown)",
1176 sv->sv_debug_inpad ? "for" : "by",
1177 sv->sv_debug_optype ?
1178 PL_op_name[sv->sv_debug_optype]: "(none)",
1179 sv->sv_debug_cloned ? " (cloned)" : ""
1181 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
1182 Perl_dump_sv_child(aTHX_ sv);
1188 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
1192 /* Wait for up to 4 seconds for child to terminate.
1193 This seems to be the least effort way of timing out on reaping
1195 struct timeval waitfor = {4, 0};
1196 int sock = PL_dumper_fd;
1200 FD_SET(sock, &rset);
1201 select(sock + 1, &rset, NULL, NULL, &waitfor);
1202 waitpid(child, &status, WNOHANG);
1210 #if defined(PERLIO_LAYERS)
1211 /* No more IO - including error messages ! */
1212 PerlIO_cleanup(aTHX);
1215 /* sv_undef needs to stay immortal until after PerlIO_cleanup
1216 as currently layers use it rather than NULL as a marker
1217 for no arg - and will try and SvREFCNT_dec it.
1219 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_undef) = 0;
1220 SvREADONLY_off(&PL_sv_undef);
1222 Safefree(PL_origfilename);
1223 PL_origfilename = NULL;
1224 Safefree(PL_reg_start_tmp);
1225 PL_reg_start_tmp = (char**)NULL;
1226 PL_reg_start_tmpl = 0;
1227 Safefree(PL_reg_curpm);
1228 Safefree(PL_reg_poscache);
1229 free_tied_hv_pool();
1230 Safefree(PL_op_mask);
1231 Safefree(PL_psig_ptr);
1232 PL_psig_ptr = (SV**)NULL;
1233 Safefree(PL_psig_name);
1234 PL_psig_name = (SV**)NULL;
1235 Safefree(PL_bitcount);
1237 Safefree(PL_psig_pend);
1238 PL_psig_pend = (int*)NULL;
1241 PL_tainting = FALSE;
1242 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
1243 PL_hints = 0; /* Reset hints. Should hints be per-interpreter ? */
1246 DEBUG_P(debprofdump());
1248 #ifdef USE_REENTRANT_API
1249 Perl_reentrant_free(aTHX);
1254 /* As the absolutely last thing, free the non-arena SV for mess() */
1257 /* we know that type == SVt_PVMG */
1259 /* it could have accumulated taint magic */
1262 for (mg = SvMAGIC(PL_mess_sv); mg; mg = moremagic) {
1263 moremagic = mg->mg_moremagic;
1264 if (mg->mg_ptr && mg->mg_type != PERL_MAGIC_regex_global
1266 Safefree(mg->mg_ptr);
1270 /* we know that type >= SVt_PV */
1271 SvPV_free(PL_mess_sv);
1272 Safefree(SvANY(PL_mess_sv));
1273 Safefree(PL_mess_sv);
1280 =for apidoc perl_free
1282 Releases a Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
1290 #ifdef PERL_TRACK_MEMPOOL
1291 /* Emulate the PerlHost behaviour of free()ing all memory allocated in this
1292 thread at thread exit. */
1293 while(aTHXx->Imemory_debug_header.next != &(aTHXx->Imemory_debug_header))
1294 safesysfree(sTHX + (char *)(aTHXx->Imemory_debug_header.next));
1297 #if defined(WIN32) || defined(NETWARE)
1298 # if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS)
1300 void *host = nw_internal_host;
1302 void *host = w32_internal_host;
1304 PerlMem_free(aTHXx);
1306 nw_delete_internal_host(host);
1308 win32_delete_internal_host(host);
1311 PerlMem_free(aTHXx);
1314 PerlMem_free(aTHXx);
1318 #if defined(USE_5005THREADS) || defined(USE_ITHREADS)
1319 /* provide destructors to clean up the thread key when libperl is unloaded */
1320 #ifndef WIN32 /* handled during DLL_PROCESS_DETACH in win32/perllib.c */
1322 #if defined(__hpux) && __ux_version > 1020 && !defined(__GNUC__)
1323 #pragma fini "perl_fini"
1327 #if defined(__GNUC__)
1328 __attribute__((destructor))
1338 #endif /* THREADS */
1341 Perl_call_atexit(pTHX_ ATEXIT_t fn, void *ptr)
1344 Renew(PL_exitlist, PL_exitlistlen+1, PerlExitListEntry);
1345 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].fn = fn;
1346 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].ptr = ptr;
1350 #ifdef HAS_PROCSELFEXE
1351 /* This is a function so that we don't hold on to MAXPATHLEN
1352 bytes of stack longer than necessary
1355 S_procself_val(pTHX_ SV *sv, const char *arg0)
1357 char buf[MAXPATHLEN];
1358 int len = readlink(PROCSELFEXE_PATH, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);
1360 /* On Playstation2 Linux V1.0 (kernel 2.2.1) readlink(/proc/self/exe)
1361 includes a spurious NUL which will cause $^X to fail in system
1362 or backticks (this will prevent extensions from being built and
1363 many tests from working). readlink is not meant to add a NUL.
1364 Normal readlink works fine.
1366 if (len > 0 && buf[len-1] == '\0') {
1370 /* FreeBSD's implementation is acknowledged to be imperfect, sometimes
1371 returning the text "unknown" from the readlink rather than the path
1372 to the executable (or returning an error from the readlink). Any valid
1373 path has a '/' in it somewhere, so use that to validate the result.
1374 See http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/query-pr.cgi?pr=35703
1376 if (len > 0 && memchr(buf, '/', len)) {
1377 sv_setpvn(sv,buf,len);
1383 #endif /* HAS_PROCSELFEXE */
1386 S_set_caret_X(pTHX) {
1388 GV* tmpgv = gv_fetchpvs("\030", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV); /* $^X */
1390 #ifdef HAS_PROCSELFEXE
1391 S_procself_val(aTHX_ GvSV(tmpgv), PL_origargv[0]);
1394 sv_setpv(GvSVn(tmpgv), os2_execname(aTHX));
1396 sv_setpv(GvSVn(tmpgv),PL_origargv[0]);
1403 =for apidoc perl_parse
1405 Tells a Perl interpreter to parse a Perl script. See L<perlembed>.
1411 perl_parse(pTHXx_ XSINIT_t xsinit, int argc, char **argv, char **env)
1418 PERL_UNUSED_VAR(my_perl);
1420 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
1423 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "suidperl is no longer needed since the kernel can now execute\n\
1424 setuid perl scripts securely.\n");
1425 #endif /* IAMSUID */
1428 #if defined(USE_HASH_SEED) || defined(USE_HASH_SEED_EXPLICIT)
1429 /* [perl #22371] Algorimic Complexity Attack on Perl 5.6.1, 5.8.0
1430 * This MUST be done before any hash stores or fetches take place.
1431 * If you set PL_rehash_seed (and assumedly also PL_rehash_seed_set)
1432 * yourself, it is your responsibility to provide a good random seed!
1433 * You can also define PERL_HASH_SEED in compile time, see hv.h. */
1434 if (!PL_rehash_seed_set)
1435 PL_rehash_seed = get_hash_seed();
1437 const char * const s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_HASH_SEED_DEBUG");
1439 if (s && (atoi(s) == 1))
1440 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "HASH_SEED = %"UVuf"\n", PL_rehash_seed);
1442 #endif /* #if defined(USE_HASH_SEED) || defined(USE_HASH_SEED_EXPLICIT) */
1447 if (PL_origalen != 0) {
1448 PL_origalen = 1; /* don't use old PL_origalen if perl_parse() is called again */
1451 /* Set PL_origalen be the sum of the contiguous argv[]
1452 * elements plus the size of the env in case that it is
1453 * contiguous with the argv[]. This is used in mg.c:Perl_magic_set()
1454 * as the maximum modifiable length of $0. In the worst case
1455 * the area we are able to modify is limited to the size of
1456 * the original argv[0]. (See below for 'contiguous', though.)
1458 const char *s = NULL;
1461 ~(UV)(PTRSIZE == 4 ? 3 : PTRSIZE == 8 ? 7 : PTRSIZE == 16 ? 15 : 0);
1462 /* Do the mask check only if the args seem like aligned. */
1464 (mask < ~(UV)0) && ((PTR2UV(argv[0]) & mask) == PTR2UV(argv[0]));
1466 /* See if all the arguments are contiguous in memory. Note
1467 * that 'contiguous' is a loose term because some platforms
1468 * align the argv[] and the envp[]. If the arguments look
1469 * like non-aligned, assume that they are 'strictly' or
1470 * 'traditionally' contiguous. If the arguments look like
1471 * aligned, we just check that they are within aligned
1472 * PTRSIZE bytes. As long as no system has something bizarre
1473 * like the argv[] interleaved with some other data, we are
1474 * fine. (Did I just evoke Murphy's Law?) --jhi */
1475 if (PL_origargv && PL_origargc >= 1 && (s = PL_origargv[0])) {
1477 for (i = 1; i < PL_origargc; i++) {
1478 if ((PL_origargv[i] == s + 1
1480 || PL_origargv[i] == s + 2
1485 (PL_origargv[i] > s &&
1487 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1497 /* Can we grab env area too to be used as the area for $0? */
1498 if (s && PL_origenviron) {
1499 if ((PL_origenviron[0] == s + 1
1501 || (PL_origenviron[0] == s + 9 && (s += 8))
1506 (PL_origenviron[0] > s &&
1507 PL_origenviron[0] <=
1508 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1512 s = PL_origenviron[0];
1515 my_setenv("NoNe SuCh", NULL);
1516 /* Force copy of environment. */
1517 for (i = 1; PL_origenviron[i]; i++) {
1518 if (PL_origenviron[i] == s + 1
1521 (PL_origenviron[i] > s &&
1522 PL_origenviron[i] <=
1523 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1526 s = PL_origenviron[i];
1534 PL_origalen = s ? s - PL_origargv[0] + 1 : 0;
1539 /* Come here if running an undumped a.out. */
1541 PL_origfilename = savepv(argv[0]);
1542 PL_do_undump = FALSE;
1543 cxstack_ix = -1; /* start label stack again */
1545 assert (!PL_tainted);
1547 S_set_caret_X(aTHX);
1549 init_postdump_symbols(argc,argv,env);
1554 op_free(PL_main_root);
1555 PL_main_root = Nullop;
1557 PL_main_start = Nullop;
1558 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_main_cv);
1562 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
1563 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_OFF;
1568 parse_body(env,xsinit);
1570 call_list(oldscope, PL_checkav);
1577 /* my_exit() was called */
1578 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
1581 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
1583 call_list(oldscope, PL_checkav);
1587 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: top_env\n");
1596 S_parse_body(pTHX_ char **env, XSINIT_t xsinit)
1599 int argc = PL_origargc;
1600 char **argv = PL_origargv;
1601 const char *scriptname = NULL;
1602 VOL bool dosearch = FALSE;
1603 const char *validarg = "";
1606 const char *cddir = NULL;
1607 #ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
1608 bool minus_f = FALSE;
1611 sv_setpvn(PL_linestr,"",0);
1612 sv = newSVpvs(""); /* first used for -I flags */
1616 for (argc--,argv++; argc > 0; argc--,argv++) {
1617 if (argv[0][0] != '-' || !argv[0][1])
1621 validarg = " PHOOEY ";
1625 * Can we rely on the kernel to start scripts with argv[1] set to
1626 * contain all #! line switches (the whole line)? (argv[0] is set to
1627 * the interpreter name, argv[2] to the script name; argv[3] and
1628 * above may contain other arguments.)
1635 #ifndef PERL_STRICT_CR
1660 if ((s = moreswitches(s)))
1665 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('t');
1666 if( !PL_tainting ) {
1667 PL_taint_warn = TRUE;
1673 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('T');
1675 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
1683 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1684 /* ignore -e for Dev:Pseudo argument */
1685 if (argv[1] && !strcmp(argv[1], "Dev:Pseudo"))
1688 forbid_setid('e', -1);
1690 PL_e_script = newSVpvs("");
1691 filter_add(read_e_script, NULL);
1694 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, s);
1696 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, argv[1]);
1700 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No code specified for -%c", *s);
1701 sv_catpvs(PL_e_script, "\n");
1705 #ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
1711 case 'I': /* -I handled both here and in moreswitches() */
1712 forbid_setid('I', -1);
1713 if (!*++s && (s=argv[1]) != NULL) {
1717 STRLEN len = strlen(s);
1718 const char * const p = savepvn(s, len);
1719 incpush(p, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE, FALSE);
1720 sv_catpvs(sv, "-I");
1721 sv_catpvn(sv, p, len);
1726 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No directory specified for -I");
1729 forbid_setid('P', -1);
1730 PL_preprocess = TRUE;
1734 forbid_setid('S', -1);
1743 PL_preambleav = newAV();
1744 av_push(PL_preambleav,
1745 newSVpvs("use Config;"));
1749 opts_prog = newSVpvs("print Config::myconfig(),");
1751 sv_catpvs(opts_prog,"\"\\nCharacteristics of this PERLSHR image: \\n\",");
1753 sv_catpvs(opts_prog,"\"\\nCharacteristics of this binary (from libperl): \\n\",");
1755 opts = SvCUR(opts_prog);
1757 Perl_sv_catpv(aTHX_ opts_prog,"\" Compile-time options:"
1761 # ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS
1762 " DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS"
1764 # ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
1765 " DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP"
1767 # ifdef FAKE_THREADS
1770 # ifdef MULTIPLICITY
1779 # ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
1780 " PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV"
1782 # ifdef PERL_GLOBAL_STRUCT
1783 " PERL_GLOBAL_STRUCT"
1785 # ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
1786 " PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT"
1788 # ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
1789 " PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS"
1791 # ifdef PERL_MALLOC_WRAP
1794 # ifdef PERL_NEED_APPCTX
1797 # ifdef PERL_NEED_TIMESBASE
1798 " PERL_NEED_TIMESBASE"
1800 # ifdef PERL_OLD_COPY_ON_WRITE
1801 " PERL_OLD_COPY_ON_WRITE"
1803 # ifdef PERL_TRACK_MEMPOOL
1804 " PERL_TRACK_MEMPOOL"
1806 # ifdef PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV
1807 " PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV"
1809 #ifdef PERL_USES_PL_PIDSTATUS
1810 " PERL_USES_PL_PIDSTATUS"
1812 # ifdef PL_OP_SLAB_ALLOC
1815 # ifdef THREADS_HAVE_PIDS
1816 " THREADS_HAVE_PIDS"
1818 # ifdef USE_5005THREADS
1821 # ifdef USE_64_BIT_ALL
1824 # ifdef USE_64_BIT_INT
1827 # ifdef USE_ITHREADS
1830 # ifdef USE_LARGE_FILES
1833 # ifdef USE_LONG_DOUBLE
1839 # ifdef USE_REENTRANT_API
1840 " USE_REENTRANT_API"
1845 # ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
1846 " USE_SITECUSTOMIZE"
1853 while (SvCUR(opts_prog) > opts+76) {
1854 /* find last space after "options: " and before col 76
1858 char * const pv = SvPV_nolen(opts_prog);
1859 const char c = pv[opts+76];
1861 space = strrchr(pv+opts+26, ' ');
1863 if (!space) break; /* "Can't happen" */
1865 /* break the line before that space */
1868 Perl_sv_insert(aTHX_ opts_prog, opts, 0,
1869 STR_WITH_LEN("\\n "));
1872 sv_catpvs(opts_prog,"\\n\",");
1874 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
1875 if (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT > 0) {
1877 sv_catpvs(opts_prog,
1878 "\" Locally applied patches:\\n\",");
1879 for (i = 1; i <= LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT; i++) {
1880 if (PL_localpatches[i])
1881 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ opts_prog,"q%c\t%s\n%c,",
1882 0, PL_localpatches[i], 0);
1886 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ opts_prog,
1887 "\" Built under %s\\n\"",OSNAME);
1890 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ opts_prog,
1891 ",\" Compiled at %s %s\\n\"",__DATE__,
1894 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ opts_prog,",\" Compiled on %s\\n\"",
1898 sv_catpvs(opts_prog, "; $\"=\"\\n \"; "
1899 "@env = map { \"$_=\\\"$ENV{$_}\\\"\" } "
1900 "sort grep {/^PERL/} keys %ENV; ");
1902 sv_catpvs(opts_prog,
1903 "push @env, \"CYGWIN=\\\"$ENV{CYGWIN}\\\"\";");
1905 sv_catpvs(opts_prog,
1906 "print \" \\%ENV:\\n @env\\n\" if @env;"
1907 "print \" \\@INC:\\n @INC\\n\";");
1911 opts_prog = Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_
1912 "Config::config_vars(qw%c%s%c)",
1916 av_push(PL_preambleav, opts_prog);
1917 /* don't look for script or read stdin */
1918 scriptname = BIT_BUCKET;
1922 PL_doextract = TRUE;
1930 if (!*++s || isSPACE(*s)) {
1934 /* catch use of gnu style long options */
1935 if (strEQ(s, "version")) {
1939 if (strEQ(s, "help")) {
1946 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Unrecognized switch: -%s (-h will show valid options)",s);
1952 #ifndef SECURE_INTERNAL_GETENV
1955 (s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL5OPT")))
1957 const char *popt = s;
1960 if (*s == '-' && *(s+1) == 'T') {
1961 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('T');
1963 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
1966 char *popt_copy = NULL;
1979 if (!strchr("CDIMUdmtwA", *s))
1980 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Illegal switch in PERL5OPT: -%c", *s);
1984 popt_copy = SvPVX(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(popt,0)));
1985 s = popt_copy + (s - popt);
1986 d = popt_copy + (d - popt);
1993 if( !PL_tainting ) {
1994 PL_taint_warn = TRUE;
2004 #ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
2007 PL_preambleav = newAV();
2008 av_unshift(PL_preambleav, 1);
2009 (void)av_store(PL_preambleav, 0, Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "BEGIN { do '%s/sitecustomize.pl' }", SITELIB_EXP));
2013 if (PL_taint_warn && PL_dowarn != G_WARN_ALL_OFF) {
2014 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = newSVpvn(WARN_TAINTstring, WARNsize);
2018 scriptname = argv[0];
2021 scriptname = BIT_BUCKET; /* don't look for script or read stdin */
2023 else if (scriptname == NULL) {
2025 if ( PerlLIO_isatty(PerlIO_fileno(PerlIO_stdin())) )
2031 /* Set $^X early so that it can be used for relocatable paths in @INC */
2032 assert (!PL_tainted);
2034 S_set_caret_X(aTHX);
2041 = open_script(scriptname, dosearch, sv, &suidscript);
2043 validate_suid(validarg, scriptname, fdscript, suidscript);
2046 # if defined(SIGCHLD) || defined(SIGCLD)
2049 # define SIGCHLD SIGCLD
2051 Sighandler_t sigstate = rsignal_state(SIGCHLD);
2052 if (sigstate == (Sighandler_t) SIG_IGN) {
2053 if (ckWARN(WARN_SIGNAL))
2054 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_SIGNAL),
2055 "Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default");
2056 (void)rsignal(SIGCHLD, (Sighandler_t)SIG_DFL);
2063 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2064 || gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract
2068 /* This will croak if suidscript is >= 0, as -x cannot be used with
2070 forbid_setid('x', suidscript);
2071 /* Hence you can't get here if suidscript >= 0 */
2074 if (cddir && PerlDir_chdir( (char *)cddir ) < 0)
2075 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't chdir to %s",cddir);
2079 PL_main_cv = PL_compcv = (CV*)newSV(0);
2080 sv_upgrade((SV *)PL_compcv, SVt_PVCV);
2081 CvUNIQUE_on(PL_compcv);
2083 CvPADLIST(PL_compcv) = pad_new(0);
2084 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
2085 CvOWNER(PL_compcv) = 0;
2086 Newx(CvMUTEXP(PL_compcv), 1, perl_mutex);
2087 MUTEX_INIT(CvMUTEXP(PL_compcv));
2088 #endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
2091 boot_core_UNIVERSAL();
2092 boot_core_xsutils();
2095 (*xsinit)(aTHX); /* in case linked C routines want magical variables */
2097 #if defined(VMS) || defined(WIN32) || defined(DJGPP) || defined(__CYGWIN__) || defined(EPOC) || defined(SYMBIAN)
2103 # ifdef HAS_SOCKS5_INIT
2104 socks5_init(argv[0]);
2110 init_predump_symbols();
2111 /* init_postdump_symbols not currently designed to be called */
2112 /* more than once (ENV isn't cleared first, for example) */
2113 /* But running with -u leaves %ENV & @ARGV undefined! XXX */
2115 init_postdump_symbols(argc,argv,env);
2117 /* PL_unicode is turned on by -C, or by $ENV{PERL_UNICODE},
2118 * or explicitly in some platforms.
2119 * locale.c:Perl_init_i18nl10n() if the environment
2120 * look like the user wants to use UTF-8. */
2121 #if defined(__SYMBIAN32__)
2122 PL_unicode = PERL_UNICODE_STD_FLAG; /* See PERL_SYMBIAN_CONSOLE_UTF8. */
2125 /* Requires init_predump_symbols(). */
2126 if (!(PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_LOCALE_FLAG) || PL_utf8locale) {
2131 /* Turn on UTF-8-ness on STDIN, STDOUT, STDERR
2132 * and the default open disciplines. */
2133 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDIN_FLAG) &&
2134 PL_stdingv && (io = GvIO(PL_stdingv)) &&
2136 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
2137 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDOUT_FLAG) &&
2138 PL_defoutgv && (io = GvIO(PL_defoutgv)) &&
2140 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
2141 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDERR_FLAG) &&
2142 PL_stderrgv && (io = GvIO(PL_stderrgv)) &&
2144 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
2145 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_INOUT_FLAG) &&
2146 (sv = GvSV(gv_fetchpvs("\017PEN", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL,
2148 U32 in = PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_IN_FLAG;
2149 U32 out = PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_OUT_FLAG;
2152 sv_setpvn(sv, ":utf8\0:utf8", 11);
2154 sv_setpvn(sv, ":utf8\0", 6);
2157 sv_setpvn(sv, "\0:utf8", 6);
2163 if ((s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_SIGNALS"))) {
2164 if (strEQ(s, "unsafe"))
2165 PL_signals |= PERL_SIGNALS_UNSAFE_FLAG;
2166 else if (strEQ(s, "safe"))
2167 PL_signals &= ~PERL_SIGNALS_UNSAFE_FLAG;
2169 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "PERL_SIGNALS illegal: \"%s\"", s);
2174 /* now parse the script */
2176 SETERRNO(0,SS_NORMAL);
2178 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2179 if (gMacPerl_SyntaxError = (yyparse() || PL_error_count)) {
2181 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s had compilation errors.\n", MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
2183 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Execution of %s aborted due to compilation errors.\n",
2184 MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
2188 if (yyparse() || PL_error_count) {
2190 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s had compilation errors.\n", PL_origfilename);
2192 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Execution of %s aborted due to compilation errors.\n",
2197 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, 0);
2198 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2199 PL_preprocess = FALSE;
2201 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
2209 SAVECOPFILE(PL_curcop);
2210 SAVECOPLINE(PL_curcop);
2211 gv_check(PL_defstash);
2218 if ((s=PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS")) && atoi(s) >= 2)
2219 dump_mstats("after compilation:");
2228 =for apidoc perl_run
2230 Tells a Perl interpreter to run. See L<perlembed>.
2243 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(my_perl);
2245 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
2253 cxstack_ix = -1; /* start context stack again */
2255 case 0: /* normal completion */
2259 case 2: /* my_exit() */
2260 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
2263 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2264 if (!(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_DESTRUCT_END) &&
2265 PL_endav && !PL_minus_c)
2266 call_list(oldscope, PL_endav);
2268 if (PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS"))
2269 dump_mstats("after execution: ");
2275 POPSTACK_TO(PL_mainstack);
2278 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: restartop\n");
2290 S_run_body(pTHX_ I32 oldscope)
2293 DEBUG_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "%s $` $& $' support.\n",
2294 PL_sawampersand ? "Enabling" : "Omitting"));
2296 if (!PL_restartop) {
2297 DEBUG_x(dump_all());
2300 PERL_DEBUG(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "\nEXECUTING...\n\n"));
2302 DEBUG_S(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "main thread is 0x%"UVxf"\n",
2306 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2307 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "%s%s syntax OK\n",
2308 (gMacPerl_ErrorFormat ? "# " : ""),
2309 MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
2311 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "%s syntax OK\n", PL_origfilename);
2315 if (PERLDB_SINGLE && PL_DBsingle)
2316 sv_setiv(PL_DBsingle, 1);
2318 call_list(oldscope, PL_initav);
2324 PL_op = PL_restartop;
2328 else if (PL_main_start) {
2329 CvDEPTH(PL_main_cv) = 1;
2330 PL_op = PL_main_start;
2338 =head1 SV Manipulation Functions
2340 =for apidoc p||get_sv
2342 Returns the SV of the specified Perl scalar. If C<create> is set and the
2343 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
2344 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
2350 Perl_get_sv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
2353 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
2354 if (name[1] == '\0' && !isALPHA(name[0])) {
2355 PADOFFSET tmp = find_threadsv(name);
2356 if (tmp != NOT_IN_PAD)
2357 return THREADSV(tmp);
2359 #endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
2360 gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PV);
2367 =head1 Array Manipulation Functions
2369 =for apidoc p||get_av
2371 Returns the AV of the specified Perl array. If C<create> is set and the
2372 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
2373 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
2379 Perl_get_av(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
2381 GV* const gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVAV);
2390 =head1 Hash Manipulation Functions
2392 =for apidoc p||get_hv
2394 Returns the HV of the specified Perl hash. If C<create> is set and the
2395 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
2396 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
2402 Perl_get_hv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
2404 GV* const gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVHV);
2413 =head1 CV Manipulation Functions
2415 =for apidoc p||get_cv
2417 Returns the CV of the specified Perl subroutine. If C<create> is set and
2418 the Perl subroutine does not exist then it will be declared (which has the
2419 same effect as saying C<sub name;>). If C<create> is not set and the
2420 subroutine does not exist then NULL is returned.
2426 Perl_get_cv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
2428 GV* const gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVCV);
2429 /* XXX unsafe for threads if eval_owner isn't held */
2430 /* XXX this is probably not what they think they're getting.
2431 * It has the same effect as "sub name;", i.e. just a forward
2433 if (create && !GvCVu(gv))
2434 return newSUB(start_subparse(FALSE, 0),
2435 newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSVpv(name,0)),
2443 /* Be sure to refetch the stack pointer after calling these routines. */
2447 =head1 Callback Functions
2449 =for apidoc p||call_argv
2451 Performs a callback to the specified Perl sub. See L<perlcall>.
2457 Perl_call_argv(pTHX_ const char *sub_name, I32 flags, register char **argv)
2459 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2460 /* null terminated arg list */
2468 XPUSHs(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(*argv,0)));
2473 return call_pv(sub_name, flags);
2477 =for apidoc p||call_pv
2479 Performs a callback to the specified Perl sub. See L<perlcall>.
2485 Perl_call_pv(pTHX_ const char *sub_name, I32 flags)
2486 /* name of the subroutine */
2487 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2489 return call_sv((SV*)get_cv(sub_name, TRUE), flags);
2493 =for apidoc p||call_method
2495 Performs a callback to the specified Perl method. The blessed object must
2496 be on the stack. See L<perlcall>.
2502 Perl_call_method(pTHX_ const char *methname, I32 flags)
2503 /* name of the subroutine */
2504 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2506 return call_sv(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(methname,0)), flags | G_METHOD);
2509 /* May be called with any of a CV, a GV, or an SV containing the name. */
2511 =for apidoc p||call_sv
2513 Performs a callback to the Perl sub whose name is in the SV. See
2520 Perl_call_sv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
2521 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2524 LOGOP myop; /* fake syntax tree node */
2527 volatile I32 retval = 0;
2529 bool oldcatch = CATCH_GET;
2531 OP* const oldop = PL_op;
2534 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2539 Zero(&myop, 1, LOGOP);
2540 myop.op_next = Nullop;
2541 if (!(flags & G_NOARGS))
2542 myop.op_flags |= OPf_STACKED;
2543 myop.op_flags |= ((flags & G_VOID) ? OPf_WANT_VOID :
2544 (flags & G_ARRAY) ? OPf_WANT_LIST :
2549 EXTEND(PL_stack_sp, 1);
2550 *++PL_stack_sp = sv;
2552 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
2554 if (PERLDB_SUB && PL_curstash != PL_debstash
2555 /* Handle first BEGIN of -d. */
2556 && (PL_DBcv || (PL_DBcv = GvCV(PL_DBsub)))
2557 /* Try harder, since this may have been a sighandler, thus
2558 * curstash may be meaningless. */
2559 && (SvTYPE(sv) != SVt_PVCV || CvSTASH((CV*)sv) != PL_debstash)
2560 && !(flags & G_NODEBUG))
2561 PL_op->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_DB;
2563 if (flags & G_METHOD) {
2564 Zero(&method_op, 1, UNOP);
2565 method_op.op_next = PL_op;
2566 method_op.op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_METHOD];
2567 myop.op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_ENTERSUB];
2568 PL_op = (OP*)&method_op;
2571 if (!(flags & G_EVAL)) {
2573 call_body((OP*)&myop, FALSE);
2574 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2575 CATCH_SET(oldcatch);
2578 myop.op_other = (OP*)&myop;
2580 /* we're trying to emulate pp_entertry() here */
2582 register PERL_CONTEXT *cx;
2583 const I32 gimme = GIMME_V;
2588 PUSHBLOCK(cx, (CXt_EVAL|CXp_TRYBLOCK), PL_stack_sp);
2590 PL_eval_root = PL_op; /* Only needed so that goto works right. */
2592 PL_in_eval = EVAL_INEVAL;
2593 if (flags & G_KEEPERR)
2594 PL_in_eval |= EVAL_KEEPERR;
2596 sv_setpvn(ERRSV,"",0);
2604 call_body((OP*)&myop, FALSE);
2605 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2606 if (!(flags & G_KEEPERR))
2607 sv_setpvn(ERRSV,"",0);
2613 /* my_exit() was called */
2614 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2617 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED))
2618 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Callback called exit");
2623 PL_op = PL_restartop;
2627 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2628 if (flags & G_ARRAY)
2632 *++PL_stack_sp = &PL_sv_undef;
2637 if (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope) {
2641 register PERL_CONTEXT *cx;
2648 PERL_UNUSED_VAR(newsp);
2649 PERL_UNUSED_VAR(gimme);
2650 PERL_UNUSED_VAR(optype);
2655 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2656 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2666 S_call_body(pTHX_ const OP *myop, bool is_eval)
2669 if (PL_op == myop) {
2671 PL_op = Perl_pp_entereval(aTHX); /* this doesn't do a POPMARK */
2673 PL_op = Perl_pp_entersub(aTHX); /* this does */
2679 /* Eval a string. The G_EVAL flag is always assumed. */
2682 =for apidoc p||eval_sv
2684 Tells Perl to C<eval> the string in the SV.
2690 Perl_eval_sv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
2692 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2696 UNOP myop; /* fake syntax tree node */
2697 volatile I32 oldmark = SP - PL_stack_base;
2698 volatile I32 retval = 0;
2700 OP* const oldop = PL_op;
2703 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2710 Zero(PL_op, 1, UNOP);
2711 EXTEND(PL_stack_sp, 1);
2712 *++PL_stack_sp = sv;
2714 if (!(flags & G_NOARGS))
2715 myop.op_flags = OPf_STACKED;
2716 myop.op_next = Nullop;
2717 myop.op_type = OP_ENTEREVAL;
2718 myop.op_flags |= ((flags & G_VOID) ? OPf_WANT_VOID :
2719 (flags & G_ARRAY) ? OPf_WANT_LIST :
2721 if (flags & G_KEEPERR)
2722 myop.op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL;
2724 /* fail now; otherwise we could fail after the JMPENV_PUSH but
2725 * before a PUSHEVAL, which corrupts the stack after a croak */
2726 TAINT_PROPER("eval_sv()");
2732 call_body((OP*)&myop,TRUE);
2733 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2734 if (!(flags & G_KEEPERR))
2735 sv_setpvn(ERRSV,"",0);
2741 /* my_exit() was called */
2742 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2745 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED))
2746 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Callback called exit");
2751 PL_op = PL_restartop;
2755 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2756 if (flags & G_ARRAY)
2760 *++PL_stack_sp = &PL_sv_undef;
2766 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2767 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2777 =for apidoc p||eval_pv
2779 Tells Perl to C<eval> the given string and return an SV* result.
2785 Perl_eval_pv(pTHX_ const char *p, I32 croak_on_error)
2789 SV* sv = newSVpv(p, 0);
2791 eval_sv(sv, G_SCALAR);
2798 if (croak_on_error && SvTRUE(ERRSV)) {
2799 Perl_croak(aTHX_ SvPVx_nolen_const(ERRSV));
2805 /* Require a module. */
2808 =head1 Embedding Functions
2810 =for apidoc p||require_pv
2812 Tells Perl to C<require> the file named by the string argument. It is
2813 analogous to the Perl code C<eval "require '$file'">. It's even
2814 implemented that way; consider using load_module instead.
2819 Perl_require_pv(pTHX_ const char *pv)
2824 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_REQUIRE);
2826 sv = Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "require q%c%s%c", 0, pv, 0);
2827 eval_sv(sv_2mortal(sv), G_DISCARD);
2833 Perl_magicname(pTHX_ const char *sym, const char *name, I32 namlen)
2835 register GV * const gv = gv_fetchpv(sym, GV_ADD, SVt_PV);
2838 sv_magic(GvSV(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, namlen);
2842 S_usage(pTHX_ const char *name) /* XXX move this out into a module ? */
2844 /* This message really ought to be max 23 lines.
2845 * Removed -h because the user already knows that option. Others? */
2847 static const char * const usage_msg[] = {
2848 "-0[octal] specify record separator (\\0, if no argument)",
2849 "-A[mod][=pattern] activate all/given assertions",
2850 "-a autosplit mode with -n or -p (splits $_ into @F)",
2851 "-C[number/list] enables the listed Unicode features",
2852 "-c check syntax only (runs BEGIN and CHECK blocks)",
2853 "-d[:debugger] run program under debugger",
2854 "-D[number/list] set debugging flags (argument is a bit mask or alphabets)",
2855 "-e program one line of program (several -e's allowed, omit programfile)",
2856 "-E program like -e, but enables all optional features",
2857 "-f don't do $sitelib/sitecustomize.pl at startup",
2858 "-F/pattern/ split() pattern for -a switch (//'s are optional)",
2859 "-i[extension] edit <> files in place (makes backup if extension supplied)",
2860 "-Idirectory specify @INC/#include directory (several -I's allowed)",
2861 "-l[octal] enable line ending processing, specifies line terminator",
2862 "-[mM][-]module execute \"use/no module...\" before executing program",
2863 "-n assume \"while (<>) { ... }\" loop around program",
2864 "-p assume loop like -n but print line also, like sed",
2865 "-P run program through C preprocessor before compilation",
2866 "-s enable rudimentary parsing for switches after programfile",
2867 "-S look for programfile using PATH environment variable",
2868 "-t enable tainting warnings",
2869 "-T enable tainting checks",
2870 "-u dump core after parsing program",
2871 "-U allow unsafe operations",
2872 "-v print version, subversion (includes VERY IMPORTANT perl info)",
2873 "-V[:variable] print configuration summary (or a single Config.pm variable)",
2874 "-w enable many useful warnings (RECOMMENDED)",
2875 "-W enable all warnings",
2876 "-x[directory] strip off text before #!perl line and perhaps cd to directory",
2877 "-X disable all warnings",
2881 const char * const *p = usage_msg;
2883 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2884 "\nUsage: %s [switches] [--] [programfile] [arguments]",
2887 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(), "\n %s", *p++);
2890 /* convert a string of -D options (or digits) into an int.
2891 * sets *s to point to the char after the options */
2895 Perl_get_debug_opts(pTHX_ const char **s, bool givehelp)
2897 static const char * const usage_msgd[] = {
2898 " Debugging flag values: (see also -d)",
2899 " p Tokenizing and parsing (with v, displays parse stack)",
2900 " s Stack snapshots (with v, displays all stacks)",
2901 " l Context (loop) stack processing",
2902 " t Trace execution",
2903 " o Method and overloading resolution",
2904 " c String/numeric conversions",
2905 " P Print profiling info, preprocessor command for -P, source file input state",
2906 " m Memory allocation",
2907 " f Format processing",
2908 " r Regular expression parsing and execution",
2909 " x Syntax tree dump",
2910 " u Tainting checks",
2911 " H Hash dump -- usurps values()",
2912 " X Scratchpad allocation",
2914 " S Thread synchronization",
2916 " R Include reference counts of dumped variables (eg when using -Ds)",
2917 " J Do not s,t,P-debug (Jump over) opcodes within package DB",
2918 " v Verbose: use in conjunction with other flags",
2920 " A Consistency checks on internal structures",
2921 " q quiet - currently only suppresses the 'EXECUTING' message",
2926 /* if adding extra options, remember to update DEBUG_MASK */
2927 static const char debopts[] = "psltocPmfrxu HXDSTRJvCAq";
2929 for (; isALNUM(**s); (*s)++) {
2930 const char * const d = strchr(debopts,**s);
2932 i |= 1 << (d - debopts);
2933 else if (ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
2934 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
2935 "invalid option -D%c, use -D'' to see choices\n", **s);
2938 else if (isDIGIT(**s)) {
2940 for (; isALNUM(**s); (*s)++) ;
2942 else if (givehelp) {
2943 const char *const *p = usage_msgd;
2944 while (*p) PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(), "%s\n", *p++);
2947 if ((i & DEBUG_p_FLAG) && ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
2948 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
2949 "-Dp not implemented on this platform\n");
2955 /* This routine handles any switches that can be given during run */
2958 Perl_moreswitches(pTHX_ char *s)
2969 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rs);
2970 if (s[1] == 'x' && s[2]) {
2971 const char *e = s+=2;
2977 flags = PERL_SCAN_SILENT_ILLDIGIT;
2978 rschar = (U32)grok_hex(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
2979 if (s + numlen < e) {
2980 rschar = 0; /* Grandfather -0xFOO as -0 -xFOO. */
2984 PL_rs = newSVpvs("");
2985 SvGROW(PL_rs, (STRLEN)(UNISKIP(rschar) + 1));
2986 tmps = (U8*)SvPVX(PL_rs);
2987 uvchr_to_utf8(tmps, rschar);
2988 SvCUR_set(PL_rs, UNISKIP(rschar));
2993 rschar = (U32)grok_oct(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
2994 if (rschar & ~((U8)~0))
2995 PL_rs = &PL_sv_undef;
2996 else if (!rschar && numlen >= 2)
2997 PL_rs = newSVpvs("");
2999 char ch = (char)rschar;
3000 PL_rs = newSVpvn(&ch, 1);
3003 sv_setsv(get_sv("/", TRUE), PL_rs);
3008 PL_unicode = parse_unicode_opts( (const char **)&s );
3013 while (*s && !isSPACE(*s)) ++s;
3015 PL_splitstr = savepv(PL_splitstr);
3026 forbid_setid('d', -1);
3029 /* -dt indicates to the debugger that threads will be used */
3030 if (*s == 't' && !isALNUM(s[1])) {
3032 my_setenv("PERL5DB_THREADED", "1");
3035 /* The following permits -d:Mod to accepts arguments following an =
3036 in the fashion that -MSome::Mod does. */
3037 if (*s == ':' || *s == '=') {
3039 SV * const sv = newSVpvs("use Devel::");
3041 /* We now allow -d:Module=Foo,Bar */
3042 while(isALNUM(*s) || *s==':') ++s;
3044 sv_catpv(sv, start);
3046 sv_catpvn(sv, start, s-start);
3047 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ sv, " split(/,/,q%c%s%c)", 0, ++s, 0);
3050 my_setenv("PERL5DB", SvPV_nolen_const(sv));
3053 PL_perldb = PERLDB_ALL;
3060 forbid_setid('D', -1);
3062 PL_debug = get_debug_opts( (const char **)&s, 1) | DEBUG_TOP_FLAG;
3063 #else /* !DEBUGGING */
3064 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
3065 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
3066 "Recompile perl with -DDEBUGGING to use -D switch (did you mean -d ?)\n");
3067 for (s++; isALNUM(*s); s++) ;
3072 usage(PL_origargv[0]);
3075 Safefree(PL_inplace);
3076 #if defined(__CYGWIN__) /* do backup extension automagically */
3077 if (*(s+1) == '\0') {
3078 PL_inplace = savepvs(".bak");
3081 #endif /* __CYGWIN__ */
3082 PL_inplace = savepv(s+1);
3083 for (s = PL_inplace; *s && !isSPACE(*s); s++)
3087 if (*s == '-') /* Additional switches on #! line. */
3091 case 'I': /* -I handled both here and in parse_body() */
3092 forbid_setid('I', -1);
3094 while (*s && isSPACE(*s))
3099 /* ignore trailing spaces (possibly followed by other switches) */
3101 for (e = p; *e && !isSPACE(*e); e++) ;
3105 } while (*p && *p != '-');
3106 e = savepvn(s, e-s);
3107 incpush(e, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE, FALSE);
3114 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No directory specified for -I");
3120 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ors_sv);
3126 PL_ors_sv = newSVpvs("\n");
3127 numlen = 3 + (*s == '0');
3128 *SvPVX(PL_ors_sv) = (char)grok_oct(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
3132 if (RsPARA(PL_rs)) {
3133 PL_ors_sv = newSVpvs("\n\n");
3136 PL_ors_sv = newSVsv(PL_rs);
3141 forbid_setid('A', -1);
3143 PL_preambleav = newAV();
3146 char * const start = s;
3147 SV * const sv = newSVpvs("use assertions::activate");
3148 while(isALNUM(*s) || *s == ':') ++s;
3150 sv_catpvs(sv, "::");
3151 sv_catpvn(sv, start, s-start);
3154 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ sv, " split(/,/,q%c%s%c)", 0, ++s, 0);
3157 else if (*s != '\0') {
3158 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use '%c' after -A%.*s", *s, (int)(s-start), start);
3160 av_push(PL_preambleav, sv);
3164 forbid_setid('M', -1); /* XXX ? */
3167 forbid_setid('m', -1); /* XXX ? */
3171 const char *use = "use ";
3172 /* -M-foo == 'no foo' */
3173 /* Leading space on " no " is deliberate, to make both
3174 possibilities the same length. */
3175 if (*s == '-') { use = " no "; ++s; }
3176 sv = newSVpvn(use,4);
3178 /* We allow -M'Module qw(Foo Bar)' */
3179 while(isALNUM(*s) || *s==':') ++s;
3181 sv_catpv(sv, start);
3182 if (*(start-1) == 'm') {
3184 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use '%c' after -mname", *s);
3185 sv_catpvs( sv, " ()");
3189 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Module name required with -%c option",
3191 sv_catpvn(sv, start, s-start);
3192 sv_catpvs(sv, " split(/,/,q");
3193 sv_catpvs(sv, "\0"); /* Use NUL as q//-delimiter. */
3195 sv_catpvs(sv, "\0)");
3199 PL_preambleav = newAV();
3200 av_push(PL_preambleav, sv);
3203 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Missing argument to -%c", *(s-1));
3214 forbid_setid('s', -1);
3215 PL_doswitches = TRUE;
3229 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3230 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Believe me, you don't want to use \"-u\" on a Macintosh");
3232 PL_do_undump = TRUE;
3240 if (!sv_derived_from(PL_patchlevel, "version"))
3241 upg_version(PL_patchlevel);
3243 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3244 Perl_form(aTHX_ "\nThis is perl, %"SVf
3245 #ifdef PERL_PATCHNUM
3246 " DEVEL" STRINGIFY(PERL_PATCHNUM)
3249 vstringify(PL_patchlevel),
3252 /* Adjust verbose output as in the perl that ships with the DG/UX OS from EMC */
3253 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3254 Perl_form(aTHX_ "\nThis is perl, %"SVf"\n",
3255 vstringify(PL_patchlevel)));
3256 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3257 Perl_form(aTHX_ " built under %s at %s %s\n",
3258 OSNAME, __DATE__, __TIME__));
3259 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3260 Perl_form(aTHX_ " OS Specific Release: %s\n",
3264 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
3265 if (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT > 0)
3266 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3267 "\n(with %d registered patch%s, "
3268 "see perl -V for more detail)",
3269 (int)LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT,
3270 (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT!=1) ? "es" : "");
3273 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3274 "\n\nCopyright 1987-2006, Larry Wall\n");
3275 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3276 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3277 "\nMac OS port Copyright 1991-2002, Matthias Neeracher;\n"
3278 "maintained by Chris Nandor\n");
3281 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3282 "\nMS-DOS port Copyright (c) 1989, 1990, Diomidis Spinellis\n");
3285 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3286 "djgpp v2 port (jpl5003c) by Hirofumi Watanabe, 1996\n"
3287 "djgpp v2 port (perl5004+) by Laszlo Molnar, 1997-1999\n");
3290 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3291 "\n\nOS/2 port Copyright (c) 1990, 1991, Raymond Chen, Kai Uwe Rommel\n"
3292 "Version 5 port Copyright (c) 1994-2002, Andreas Kaiser, Ilya Zakharevich\n");
3295 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3296 "atariST series port, ++jrb bammi@cadence.com\n");
3299 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3300 "BeOS port Copyright Tom Spindler, 1997-1999\n");
3303 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3304 "MPE/iX port Copyright by Mark Klein and Mark Bixby, 1996-2003\n");
3307 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3308 "MVS (OS390) port by Mortice Kern Systems, 1997-1999\n");
3311 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3312 "Stratus VOS port by Paul.Green@stratus.com, 1997-2002\n");
3315 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3316 "VM/ESA port by Neale Ferguson, 1998-1999\n");
3319 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3320 "BS2000 (POSIX) port by Start Amadeus GmbH, 1998-1999\n");
3323 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3324 "MiNT port by Guido Flohr, 1997-1999\n");
3327 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3328 "EPOC port by Olaf Flebbe, 1999-2002\n");
3331 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),"WINCE port by Rainer Keuchel, 2001-2002\n");
3332 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),"Built on " __DATE__ " " __TIME__ "\n\n");
3335 #ifdef __SYMBIAN32__
3336 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3337 "Symbian port by Nokia, 2004-2005\n");
3339 #ifdef BINARY_BUILD_NOTICE
3340 BINARY_BUILD_NOTICE;
3342 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3344 Perl may be copied only under the terms of either the Artistic License or the\n\
3345 GNU General Public License, which may be found in the Perl 5 source kit.\n\n\
3346 Complete documentation for Perl, including FAQ lists, should be found on\n\
3347 this system using \"man perl\" or \"perldoc perl\". If you have access to the\n\
3348 Internet, point your browser at http://www.perl.org/, the Perl Home Page.\n\n");
3351 if (! (PL_dowarn & G_WARN_ALL_MASK))
3352 PL_dowarn |= G_WARN_ON;
3356 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_ALL_ON|G_WARN_ON;
3357 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
3358 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
3359 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = pWARN_ALL ;
3363 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_ALL_OFF;
3364 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
3365 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
3366 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = pWARN_NONE ;
3371 if (s[1] == '-') /* Additional switches on #! line. */
3376 #if defined(WIN32) || !defined(PERL_STRICT_CR)
3382 #ifdef ALTERNATE_SHEBANG
3383 case 'S': /* OS/2 needs -S on "extproc" line. */
3391 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't emulate -%.1s on #! line",s);
3396 /* compliments of Tom Christiansen */
3398 /* unexec() can be found in the Gnu emacs distribution */
3399 /* Known to work with -DUNEXEC and using unexelf.c from GNU emacs-20.2 */
3402 Perl_my_unexec(pTHX)
3410 prog = newSVpv(BIN_EXP, 0);
3411 sv_catpvs(prog, "/perl");
3412 file = newSVpv(PL_origfilename, 0);
3413 sv_catpvs(file, ".perldump");
3415 unexec(SvPVX(file), SvPVX(prog), &etext, sbrk(0), 0);
3416 /* unexec prints msg to stderr in case of failure */
3417 PerlProc_exit(status);
3420 # include <lib$routines.h>
3421 lib$signal(SS$_DEBUG); /* ssdef.h #included from vmsish.h */
3422 # elif defined(WIN32) || defined(__CYGWIN__)
3423 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "dump is not supported");
3425 ABORT(); /* for use with undump */
3430 /* initialize curinterp */
3436 # define PERLVAR(var,type)
3437 # define PERLVARA(var,n,type)
3438 # if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
3439 # if defined(USE_5005THREADS)
3440 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
3441 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
3442 # else /* !USE_5005THREADS */
3443 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) aTHX->var = init;
3444 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) aTHX->var = init;
3445 # endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
3447 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
3448 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
3450 # include "intrpvar.h"
3451 # ifndef USE_5005THREADS
3452 # include "thrdvar.h"
3459 # define PERLVAR(var,type)
3460 # define PERLVARA(var,n,type)
3461 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PL_##var = init;
3462 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PL_##var = init;
3463 # include "intrpvar.h"
3464 # ifndef USE_5005THREADS
3465 # include "thrdvar.h"
3476 S_init_main_stash(pTHX)
3481 PL_curstash = PL_defstash = newHV();
3482 /* We know that the string "main" will be in the global shared string
3483 table, so it's a small saving to use it rather than allocate another
3485 PL_curstname = newSVpvs_share("main");
3486 gv = gv_fetchpvs("main::", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVHV);
3487 /* If we hadn't caused another reference to "main" to be in the shared
3488 string table above, then it would be worth reordering these two,
3489 because otherwise all we do is delete "main" from it as a consequence
3490 of the SvREFCNT_dec, only to add it again with hv_name_set */
3491 SvREFCNT_dec(GvHV(gv));
3492 hv_name_set(PL_defstash, "main", 4, 0);
3493 GvHV(gv) = (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(PL_defstash);
3495 PL_incgv = gv_HVadd(gv_AVadd(gv_fetchpvs("INC", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL,
3497 SvREFCNT_inc(PL_incgv); /* Don't allow it to be freed */
3498 GvMULTI_on(PL_incgv);
3499 PL_hintgv = gv_fetchpvs("\010", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV); /* ^H */
3500 GvMULTI_on(PL_hintgv);
3501 PL_defgv = gv_fetchpvs("_", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVAV);
3502 SvREFCNT_inc(PL_defgv);
3503 PL_errgv = gv_HVadd(gv_fetchpvs("@", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV));
3504 SvREFCNT_inc(PL_errgv);
3505 GvMULTI_on(PL_errgv);
3506 PL_replgv = gv_fetchpvs("\022", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV); /* ^R */
3507 GvMULTI_on(PL_replgv);
3508 (void)Perl_form(aTHX_ "%240s",""); /* Preallocate temp - for immediate signals. */
3509 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
3512 sv_grow(ERRSV, 240); /* Preallocate - for immediate signals. */
3513 sv_setpvn(ERRSV, "", 0);
3514 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
3515 CopSTASH_set(&PL_compiling, PL_defstash);
3516 PL_debstash = GvHV(gv_fetchpvs("DB::", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
3517 PL_globalstash = GvHV(gv_fetchpvs("CORE::GLOBAL::", GV_ADDMULTI,
3519 /* We must init $/ before switches are processed. */
3520 sv_setpvn(get_sv("/", TRUE), "\n", 1);
3524 S_open_script(pTHX_ const char *scriptname, bool dosearch, SV *sv,
3530 const char *cpp_discard_flag;
3539 PL_origfilename = savepvs("-e");
3542 /* if find_script() returns, it returns a malloc()-ed value */
3543 scriptname = PL_origfilename = find_script(scriptname, dosearch, NULL, 1);
3545 if (strnEQ(scriptname, "/dev/fd/", 8) && isDIGIT(scriptname[8]) ) {
3546 const char *s = scriptname + 8;
3552 * Tell apart "normal" usage of fdscript, e.g.
3553 * with bash on FreeBSD:
3554 * perl <( echo '#!perl -DA'; echo 'print "$0\n"')
3555 * from usage in suidperl.
3556 * Does any "normal" usage leave garbage after the number???
3557 * Is it a mistake to use a similar /dev/fd/ construct for
3562 * Be supersafe and do some sanity-checks.
3563 * Still, can we be sure we got the right thing?
3566 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Wrong syntax (suid) fd script name \"%s\"\n", s);
3569 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Missing (suid) fd script name\n");
3571 scriptname = savepv(s + 1);
3572 Safefree(PL_origfilename);
3573 PL_origfilename = (char *)scriptname;
3578 CopFILE_free(PL_curcop);
3579 CopFILE_set(PL_curcop, PL_origfilename);
3580 if (*PL_origfilename == '-' && PL_origfilename[1] == '\0')
3581 scriptname = (char *)"";
3582 if (fdscript >= 0) {
3583 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_fdopen(fdscript,PERL_SCRIPT_MODE);
3584 # if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3586 /* ensure close-on-exec */
3587 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,1);
3592 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "sperl needs fd script\n"
3593 "You should not call sperl directly; do you need to "
3594 "change a #! line\nfrom sperl to perl?\n");
3597 * Do not open (or do other fancy stuff) while setuid.
3598 * Perl does the open, and hands script to suidperl on a fd;
3599 * suidperl only does some checks, sets up UIDs and re-execs
3600 * perl with that fd as it has always done.
3603 if (*suidscript != 1) {
3604 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "suidperl needs (suid) fd script\n");
3607 else if (PL_preprocess) {
3608 const char * const cpp_cfg = CPPSTDIN;
3609 SV * const cpp = newSVpvs("");
3610 SV * const cmd = newSV(0);
3612 if (cpp_cfg[0] == 0) /* PERL_MICRO? */
3613 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't run with cpp -P with CPPSTDIN undefined");
3614 if (strEQ(cpp_cfg, "cppstdin"))
3615 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ cpp, "%s/", BIN_EXP);
3616 sv_catpv(cpp, cpp_cfg);
3619 sv_catpvs(sv, "-I");
3620 sv_catpv(sv,PRIVLIB_EXP);
3623 DEBUG_P(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3624 "PL_preprocess: scriptname=\"%s\", cpp=\"%s\", sv=\"%s\", CPPMINUS=\"%s\"\n",
3625 scriptname, SvPVX_const (cpp), SvPVX_const (sv),
3628 # if defined(MSDOS) || defined(WIN32) || defined(VMS)
3635 cpp_discard_flag = "";
3637 cpp_discard_flag = "-C";
3641 perl = os2_execname(aTHX);
3643 perl = PL_origargv[0];
3647 /* This strips off Perl comments which might interfere with
3648 the C pre-processor, including #!. #line directives are
3649 deliberately stripped to avoid confusion with Perl's version
3650 of #line. FWP played some golf with it so it will fit
3651 into VMS's 255 character buffer.
3654 code = "(1../^#!.*perl/i)|/^\\s*#(?!\\s*((ifn?|un)def|(el|end)?if|define|include|else|error|pragma)\\b)/||!($|=1)||print";
3656 code = "/^\\s*#(?!\\s*((ifn?|un)def|(el|end)?if|define|include|else|error|pragma)\\b)/||!($|=1)||print";
3658 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ cmd, "\
3659 %s -ne%s%s%s %s | %"SVf" %s %"SVf" %s",
3660 perl, quote, code, quote, scriptname, cpp,
3661 cpp_discard_flag, sv, CPPMINUS);
3663 PL_doextract = FALSE;
3665 DEBUG_P(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3666 "PL_preprocess: cmd=\"%s\"\n",
3669 PL_rsfp = PerlProc_popen((char *)SvPVX_const(cmd), (char *)"r");
3673 else if (!*scriptname) {
3674 forbid_setid(0, *suidscript);
3675 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_stdin();
3678 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_open(scriptname,PERL_SCRIPT_MODE);
3679 # if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3681 /* ensure close-on-exec */
3682 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,1);
3685 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3687 /* PSz 16 Sep 03 Keep neat error message */
3689 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't open "BIT_BUCKET": %s\n", Strerror(errno));
3691 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't open perl script \"%s\": %s\n",
3692 CopFILE(PL_curcop), Strerror(errno));
3698 * I_SYSSTATVFS HAS_FSTATVFS
3700 * I_STATFS HAS_FSTATFS HAS_GETFSSTAT
3701 * I_MNTENT HAS_GETMNTENT HAS_HASMNTOPT
3702 * here so that metaconfig picks them up. */
3706 S_fd_on_nosuid_fs(pTHX_ int fd)
3709 * We used to do this as "plain" user (after swapping UIDs with setreuid);
3710 * but is needed also on machines without setreuid.
3711 * Seems safe enough to run as root.
3713 int check_okay = 0; /* able to do all the required sys/libcalls */
3714 int on_nosuid = 0; /* the fd is on a nosuid fs */
3716 * Need to check noexec also: nosuid might not be set, the average
3717 * sysadmin would say that nosuid is irrelevant once he sets noexec.
3719 int on_noexec = 0; /* the fd is on a noexec fs */
3722 * Preferred order: fstatvfs(), fstatfs(), ustat()+getmnt(), getmntent().
3723 * fstatvfs() is UNIX98.
3724 * fstatfs() is 4.3 BSD.
3725 * ustat()+getmnt() is pre-4.3 BSD.
3726 * getmntent() is O(number-of-mounted-filesystems) and can hang on
3727 * an irrelevant filesystem while trying to reach the right one.
3730 #undef FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY /* found the syscalls to do the check? */
3732 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3733 defined(HAS_FSTATVFS)
3734 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3735 struct statvfs stfs;
3737 check_okay = fstatvfs(fd, &stfs) == 0;
3738 on_nosuid = check_okay && (stfs.f_flag & ST_NOSUID);
3740 /* ST_NOEXEC certainly absent on AIX 5.1, and doesn't seem to be documented
3741 on platforms where it is present. */
3742 on_noexec = check_okay && (stfs.f_flag & ST_NOEXEC);
3744 # endif /* fstatvfs */
3746 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3747 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID) && \
3748 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC) && \
3749 defined(HAS_FSTATFS) && \
3750 defined(HAS_STRUCT_STATFS) && \
3751 defined(HAS_STRUCT_STATFS_F_FLAGS)
3752 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3755 check_okay = fstatfs(fd, &stfs) == 0;
3756 on_nosuid = check_okay && (stfs.f_flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID);
3757 on_noexec = check_okay && (stfs.f_flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC);
3758 # endif /* fstatfs */
3760 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3761 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID) && \
3762 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC) && \
3763 defined(HAS_FSTAT) && \
3764 defined(HAS_USTAT) && \
3765 defined(HAS_GETMNT) && \
3766 defined(HAS_STRUCT_FS_DATA) && \
3768 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3771 if (fstat(fd, &fdst) == 0) {
3773 if (ustat(fdst.st_dev, &us) == 0) {
3775 /* NOSTAT_ONE here because we're not examining fields which
3776 * vary between that case and STAT_ONE. */
3777 if (getmnt((int*)0, &fsd, (int)0, NOSTAT_ONE, us.f_fname) == 0) {
3778 size_t cmplen = sizeof(us.f_fname);
3779 if (sizeof(fsd.fd_req.path) < cmplen)
3780 cmplen = sizeof(fsd.fd_req.path);
3781 if (strnEQ(fsd.fd_req.path, us.f_fname, cmplen) &&
3782 fdst.st_dev == fsd.fd_req.dev) {
3784 on_nosuid = fsd.fd_req.flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID;
3785 on_noexec = fsd.fd_req.flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC;
3790 # endif /* fstat+ustat+getmnt */
3792 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3793 defined(HAS_GETMNTENT) && \
3794 defined(HAS_HASMNTOPT) && \
3795 defined(MNTOPT_NOSUID) && \
3796 defined(MNTOPT_NOEXEC)
3797 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3798 FILE *mtab = fopen("/etc/mtab", "r");
3799 struct mntent *entry;
3802 if (mtab && (fstat(fd, &stb) == 0)) {
3803 while (entry = getmntent(mtab)) {
3804 if (stat(entry->mnt_dir, &fsb) == 0
3805 && fsb.st_dev == stb.st_dev)
3807 /* found the filesystem */
3809 if (hasmntopt(entry, MNTOPT_NOSUID))
3811 if (hasmntopt(entry, MNTOPT_NOEXEC))
3814 } /* A single fs may well fail its stat(). */
3819 # endif /* getmntent+hasmntopt */
3822 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't check filesystem of script \"%s\" for nosuid/noexec", PL_origfilename);
3824 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script \"%s\" on nosuid filesystem", PL_origfilename);
3826 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script \"%s\" on noexec filesystem", PL_origfilename);
3827 return ((!check_okay) || on_nosuid || on_noexec);
3829 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3832 S_validate_suid(pTHX_ const char *validarg, const char *scriptname,
3833 int fdscript, int suidscript)
3838 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3840 /* do we need to emulate setuid on scripts? */
3842 /* This code is for those BSD systems that have setuid #! scripts disabled
3843 * in the kernel because of a security problem. Merely defining DOSUID
3844 * in perl will not fix that problem, but if you have disabled setuid
3845 * scripts in the kernel, this will attempt to emulate setuid and setgid
3846 * on scripts that have those now-otherwise-useless bits set. The setuid
3847 * root version must be called suidperl or sperlN.NNN. If regular perl
3848 * discovers that it has opened a setuid script, it calls suidperl with
3849 * the same argv that it had. If suidperl finds that the script it has
3850 * just opened is NOT setuid root, it sets the effective uid back to the
3851 * uid. We don't just make perl setuid root because that loses the
3852 * effective uid we had before invoking perl, if it was different from the
3855 * Description/comments above do not match current workings:
3856 * suidperl must be hardlinked to sperlN.NNN (that is what we exec);
3857 * suidperl called with script open and name changed to /dev/fd/N/X;
3858 * suidperl croaks if script is not setuid;
3859 * making perl setuid would be a huge security risk (and yes, that
3860 * would lose any euid we might have had).
3862 * DOSUID must be defined in both perl and suidperl, and IAMSUID must
3863 * be defined in suidperl only. suidperl must be setuid root. The
3864 * Configure script will set this up for you if you want it.
3870 if (PerlLIO_fstat(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),&PL_statbuf) < 0) /* normal stat is insecure */
3871 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't stat script \"%s\"",PL_origfilename);
3872 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & (S_ISUID|S_ISGID)) {
3874 const char *linestr;
3878 if (fdscript < 0 || suidscript != 1)
3879 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Need (suid) fdscript in suidperl\n"); /* We already checked this */
3881 * Since the script is opened by perl, not suidperl, some of these
3882 * checks are superfluous. Leaving them in probably does not lower
3886 * Do checks even for systems with no HAS_SETREUID.
3887 * We used to swap, then re-swap UIDs with
3889 if (setreuid(PL_euid,PL_uid) < 0
3890 || PerlProc_getuid() != PL_euid || PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_uid)
3891 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't swap uid and euid");
3894 if (setreuid(PL_uid,PL_euid) < 0
3895 || PerlProc_getuid() != PL_uid || PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_euid)
3896 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't reswap uid and euid");
3900 /* On this access check to make sure the directories are readable,
3901 * there is actually a small window that the user could use to make
3902 * filename point to an accessible directory. So there is a faint
3903 * chance that someone could execute a setuid script down in a
3904 * non-accessible directory. I don't know what to do about that.
3905 * But I don't think it's too important. The manual lies when
3906 * it says access() is useful in setuid programs.
3908 * So, access() is pretty useless... but not harmful... do anyway.
3910 if (PerlLIO_access(CopFILE(PL_curcop),1)) { /*double check*/
3911 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't access() script\n");
3914 /* If we can swap euid and uid, then we can determine access rights
3915 * with a simple stat of the file, and then compare device and
3916 * inode to make sure we did stat() on the same file we opened.
3917 * Then we just have to make sure he or she can execute it.
3920 * As the script is opened by perl, not suidperl, we do not need to
3921 * care much about access rights.
3923 * The 'script changed' check is needed, or we can get lied to
3924 * about $0 with e.g.
3925 * suidperl /dev/fd/4//bin/x 4<setuidscript
3926 * Without HAS_SETREUID, is it safe to stat() as root?
3928 * Are there any operating systems that pass /dev/fd/xxx for setuid
3929 * scripts, as suggested/described in perlsec(1)? Surely they do not
3930 * pass the script name as we do, so the "script changed" test would
3931 * fail for them... but we never get here with
3932 * SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW defined.
3934 * This is one place where we must "lie" about return status: not
3935 * say if the stat() failed. We are doing this as root, and could
3936 * be tricked into reporting existence or not of files that the
3937 * "plain" user cannot even see.
3941 if (PerlLIO_stat(CopFILE(PL_curcop),&tmpstatbuf) < 0 ||
3942 tmpstatbuf.st_dev != PL_statbuf.st_dev ||
3943 tmpstatbuf.st_ino != PL_statbuf.st_ino) {
3944 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script changed\n");
3948 if (!cando(S_IXUSR,FALSE,&PL_statbuf)) /* can real uid exec? */
3949 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Real UID cannot exec script\n");
3952 * We used to do this check as the "plain" user (after swapping
3953 * UIDs). But the check for nosuid and noexec filesystem is needed,
3954 * and should be done even without HAS_SETREUID. (Maybe those
3955 * operating systems do not have such mount options anyway...)
3956 * Seems safe enough to do as root.
3958 #if !defined(NO_NOSUID_CHECK)
3959 if (fd_on_nosuid_fs(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp))) {
3960 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script on nosuid or noexec filesystem\n");
3963 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3965 if (!S_ISREG(PL_statbuf.st_mode)) {
3966 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script not plain file\n");
3968 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_IWOTH)
3969 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid/gid script is writable by world");
3970 PL_doswitches = FALSE; /* -s is insecure in suid */
3971 /* PSz 13 Nov 03 But -s was caught elsewhere ... so unsetting it here is useless(?!) */
3972 CopLINE_inc(PL_curcop);
3973 if (sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0) == NULL)
3974 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No #! line");
3975 linestr = SvPV_nolen_const(PL_linestr);
3976 /* required even on Sys V */
3977 if (!*linestr || !linestr[1] || strnNE(linestr,"#!",2))
3978 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No #! line");
3982 /* Sanity check on line length */
3983 s_end = s + strlen(s);
3984 if (s_end == s || (s_end - s) > 4000)
3985 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Very long #! line");
3986 /* Allow more than a single space after #! */
3987 while (isSPACE(*s)) s++;
3988 /* Sanity check on buffer end */
3989 while ((*s) && !isSPACE(*s)) s++;
3990 for (s2 = s; (s2 > linestr &&
3991 (isDIGIT(s2[-1]) || s2[-1] == '.' || s2[-1] == '_'
3992 || s2[-1] == '-')); s2--) ;
3993 /* Sanity check on buffer start */
3994 if ( (s2-4 < linestr || strnNE(s2-4,"perl",4)) &&
3995 (s-9 < linestr || strnNE(s-9,"perl",4)) )
3996 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Not a perl script");
3997 while (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t') s++;
3999 * #! arg must be what we saw above. They can invoke it by
4000 * mentioning suidperl explicitly, but they may not add any strange
4001 * arguments beyond what #! says if they do invoke suidperl that way.
4004 * The way validarg was set up, we rely on the kernel to start
4005 * scripts with argv[1] set to contain all #! line switches (the
4009 * Check that we got all the arguments listed in the #! line (not
4010 * just that there are no extraneous arguments). Might not matter
4011 * much, as switches from #! line seem to be acted upon (also), and
4012 * so may be checked and trapped in perl. But, security checks must
4013 * be done in suidperl and not deferred to perl. Note that suidperl
4014 * does not get around to parsing (and checking) the switches on
4015 * the #! line (but execs perl sooner).
4016 * Allow (require) a trailing newline (which may be of two
4017 * characters on some architectures?) (but no other trailing
4020 len = strlen(validarg);
4021 if (strEQ(validarg," PHOOEY ") ||
4022 strnNE(s,validarg,len) || !isSPACE(s[len]) ||
4023 !((s_end - s) == len+1
4024 || ((s_end - s) == len+2 && isSPACE(s[len+1]))))
4025 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Args must match #! line");
4029 PL_euid != PL_uid && (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID) &&
4030 PL_euid == PL_statbuf.st_uid)
4032 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "YOU HAVEN'T DISABLED SET-ID SCRIPTS IN THE KERNEL YET!\n\
4033 FIX YOUR KERNEL, OR PUT A C WRAPPER AROUND THIS SCRIPT!\n");
4034 #endif /* IAMSUID */
4037 PL_euid) { /* oops, we're not the setuid root perl */
4039 * When root runs a setuid script, we do not go through the same
4040 * steps of execing sperl and then perl with fd scripts, but
4041 * simply set up UIDs within the same perl invocation; so do
4042 * not have the same checks (on options, whatever) that we have
4043 * for plain users. No problem really: would have to be a script
4044 * that does not actually work for plain users; and if root is
4045 * foolish and can be persuaded to run such an unsafe script, he
4046 * might run also non-setuid ones, and deserves what he gets.
4048 * Or, we might drop the PL_euid check above (and rely just on
4049 * fdscript to avoid loops), and do the execs
4055 * Pass fd script to suidperl.
4056 * Exec suidperl, substituting fd script for scriptname.
4057 * Pass script name as "subdir" of fd, which perl will grok;
4058 * in fact will use that to distinguish this from "normal"
4059 * usage, see comments above.
4061 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
4062 PerlLIO_lseek(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),(Off_t)0,0); /* just in case rewind didn't */
4063 /* PSz 27 Feb 04 Sanity checks on scriptname */
4064 if ((!scriptname) || (!*scriptname) ) {
4065 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No setuid script name\n");
4067 if (*scriptname == '-') {
4068 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script name may not begin with dash\n");
4069 /* Or we might confuse it with an option when replacing
4070 * name in argument list, below (though we do pointer, not
4071 * string, comparisons).
4074 for (which = 1; PL_origargv[which] && PL_origargv[which] != scriptname; which++) ;
4075 if (!PL_origargv[which]) {
4076 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't change argv to have fd script\n");
4078 PL_origargv[which] = savepv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "/dev/fd/%d/%s",
4079 PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp), PL_origargv[which]));
4080 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
4081 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,0); /* ensure no close-on-exec */
4084 PerlProc_execv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s/sperl"PERL_FS_VER_FMT, BIN_EXP,
4085 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
4086 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION), PL_origargv);
4088 #endif /* IAMSUID */
4089 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setuid (cannot exec sperl)\n");
4092 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISGID && PL_statbuf.st_gid != PL_egid) {
4094 * This seems back to front: we try HAS_SETEGID first; if not available
4095 * then try HAS_SETREGID; as a last chance we try HAS_SETRESGID. May be OK
4096 * in the sense that we only want to set EGID; but are there any machines
4097 * with either of the latter, but not the former? Same with UID, later.
4100 (void)setegid(PL_statbuf.st_gid);
4103 (void)setregid((Gid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_gid);
4105 #ifdef HAS_SETRESGID
4106 (void)setresgid((Gid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_gid,(Gid_t)-1);
4108 PerlProc_setgid(PL_statbuf.st_gid);
4112 if (PerlProc_getegid() != PL_statbuf.st_gid)
4113 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setegid!\n");
4115 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID) {
4116 if (PL_statbuf.st_uid != PL_euid)
4118 (void)seteuid(PL_statbuf.st_uid); /* all that for this */
4121 (void)setreuid((Uid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_uid);
4123 #ifdef HAS_SETRESUID
4124 (void)setresuid((Uid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_uid,(Uid_t)-1);
4126 PerlProc_setuid(PL_statbuf.st_uid);
4130 if (PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_statbuf.st_uid)
4131 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do seteuid!\n");
4133 else if (PL_uid) { /* oops, mustn't run as root */
4135 (void)seteuid((Uid_t)PL_uid);
4138 (void)setreuid((Uid_t)-1,(Uid_t)PL_uid);
4140 #ifdef HAS_SETRESUID
4141 (void)setresuid((Uid_t)-1,(Uid_t)PL_uid,(Uid_t)-1);
4143 PerlProc_setuid((Uid_t)PL_uid);
4147 if (PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_uid)
4148 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do seteuid!\n");
4151 if (!cando(S_IXUSR,TRUE,&PL_statbuf))
4152 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Effective UID cannot exec script\n"); /* they can't do this */
4155 else if (PL_preprocess) /* PSz 13 Nov 03 Caught elsewhere, useless(?!) here */
4156 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "-P not allowed for setuid/setgid script\n");
4157 else if (fdscript < 0 || suidscript != 1)
4158 /* PSz 13 Nov 03 Caught elsewhere, useless(?!) here */
4159 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "(suid) fdscript needed in suidperl\n");
4161 /* PSz 16 Sep 03 Keep neat error message */
4162 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Script is not setuid/setgid in suidperl\n");
4165 /* We absolutely must clear out any saved ids here, so we */
4166 /* exec the real perl, substituting fd script for scriptname. */
4167 /* (We pass script name as "subdir" of fd, which perl will grok.) */
4169 * It might be thought that using setresgid and/or setresuid (changed to
4170 * set the saved IDs) above might obviate the need to exec, and we could
4171 * go on to "do the perl thing".
4173 * Is there such a thing as "saved GID", and is that set for setuid (but
4174 * not setgid) execution like suidperl? Without exec, it would not be
4175 * cleared for setuid (but not setgid) scripts (or might need a dummy
4178 * We need suidperl to do the exact same argument checking that perl
4179 * does. Thus it cannot be very small; while it could be significantly
4180 * smaller, it is safer (simpler?) to make it essentially the same
4181 * binary as perl (but they are not identical). - Maybe could defer that
4182 * check to the invoked perl, and suidperl be a tiny wrapper instead;
4183 * but prefer to do thorough checks in suidperl itself. Such deferral
4184 * would make suidperl security rely on perl, a design no-no.
4186 * Setuid things should be short and simple, thus easy to understand and
4187 * verify. They should do their "own thing", without influence by
4188 * attackers. It may help if their internal execution flow is fixed,
4189 * regardless of platform: it may be best to exec anyway.
4191 * Suidperl should at least be conceptually simple: a wrapper only,
4192 * never to do any real perl. Maybe we should put
4194 * Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Suidperl should never do real perl\n");
4196 * into the perly bits.
4198 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
4199 PerlLIO_lseek(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),(Off_t)0,0); /* just in case rewind didn't */
4201 * Keep original arguments: suidperl already has fd script.
4203 /* for (which = 1; PL_origargv[which] && PL_origargv[which] != scriptname; which++) ; */
4204 /* if (!PL_origargv[which]) { */
4205 /* errno = EPERM; */
4206 /* Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Permission denied\n"); */
4208 /* PL_origargv[which] = savepv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "/dev/fd/%d/%s", */
4209 /* PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp), PL_origargv[which])); */
4210 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
4211 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,0); /* ensure no close-on-exec */
4214 PerlProc_execv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s/perl"PERL_FS_VER_FMT, BIN_EXP,
4215 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
4216 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION), PL_origargv);/* try again */
4218 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setuid (suidperl cannot exec perl)\n");
4219 #endif /* IAMSUID */
4221 if (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid) { /* (suidperl doesn't exist, in fact) */
4222 #ifndef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
4223 PerlLIO_fstat(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),&PL_statbuf); /* may be either wrapped or real suid */
4224 if ((PL_euid != PL_uid && PL_euid == PL_statbuf.st_uid && PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID)
4226 (PL_egid != PL_gid && PL_egid == PL_statbuf.st_gid && PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISGID)
4229 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "YOU HAVEN'T DISABLED SET-ID SCRIPTS IN THE KERNEL YET!\n\
4230 FIX YOUR KERNEL, PUT A C WRAPPER AROUND THIS SCRIPT, OR USE -u AND UNDUMP!\n");
4231 #endif /* SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW */
4232 /* not set-id, must be wrapped */
4240 S_find_beginning(pTHX)
4244 register const char *s2;
4245 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4249 /* skip forward in input to the real script? */
4251 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4252 /* Since the Mac OS does not honor #! arguments for us, we do it ourselves */
4254 while (PL_doextract || gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
4255 if ((s = sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0)) == NULL) {
4256 if (!gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract)
4257 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No Perl script found in input\n");
4259 if (PL_doextract) /* require explicit override ? */
4260 if (!OverrideExtract(PL_origfilename))
4261 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "User aborted script\n");
4263 PL_doextract = FALSE;
4265 /* Pater peccavi, file does not have #! */
4266 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
4271 while (PL_doextract) {
4272 if ((s = sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0)) == NULL)
4273 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No Perl script found in input\n");
4276 if (*s == '#' && s[1] == '!' && ((s = instr(s,"perl")) || (s = instr(s2,"PERL")))) {
4277 PerlIO_ungetc(PL_rsfp, '\n'); /* to keep line count right */
4278 PL_doextract = FALSE;
4279 while (*s && !(isSPACE (*s) || *s == '#')) s++;
4281 while (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t') s++;
4283 while (isDIGIT(s2[-1]) || s2[-1] == '-' || s2[-1] == '.'
4284 || s2[-1] == '_') s2--;
4285 if (strnEQ(s2-4,"perl",4))
4286 while ((s = moreswitches(s)))
4289 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4290 /* We are always searching for the #!perl line in MacPerl,
4291 * so if we find it, still keep the line count correct
4292 * by counting lines we already skipped over
4294 for (; maclines > 0 ; maclines--)
4295 PerlIO_ungetc(PL_rsfp, '\n');
4299 /* gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract is false in MPW tool */
4300 } else if (gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
4312 PL_uid = PerlProc_getuid();
4313 PL_euid = PerlProc_geteuid();
4314 PL_gid = PerlProc_getgid();
4315 PL_egid = PerlProc_getegid();
4317 PL_uid |= PL_gid << 16;
4318 PL_euid |= PL_egid << 16;
4320 /* Should not happen: */
4321 CHECK_MALLOC_TAINT(PL_uid && (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid));
4322 PL_tainting |= (PL_uid && (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid));
4325 * Should go by suidscript, not uid!=euid: why disallow
4326 * system("ls") in scripts run from setuid things?
4327 * Or, is this run before we check arguments and set suidscript?
4328 * What about SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW: could we use fdscript then?
4329 * (We never have suidscript, can we be sure to have fdscript?)
4330 * Or must then go by UID checks? See comments in forbid_setid also.
4334 /* This is used very early in the lifetime of the program,
4335 * before even the options are parsed, so PL_tainting has
4336 * not been initialized properly. */
4338 Perl_doing_taint(int argc, char *argv[], char *envp[])
4340 #ifndef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
4341 /* If we have PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS we can't call getuid() et alia
4342 * before we have an interpreter-- and the whole point of this
4343 * function is to be called at such an early stage. If you are on
4344 * a system with PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS but you do have a concept of
4345 * "tainted because running with altered effective ids', you'll
4346 * have to add your own checks somewhere in here. The two most
4347 * known samples of 'implicitness' are Win32 and NetWare, neither
4348 * of which has much of concept of 'uids'. */
4349 int uid = PerlProc_getuid();
4350 int euid = PerlProc_geteuid();
4351 int gid = PerlProc_getgid();
4352 int egid = PerlProc_getegid();
4359 if (uid && (euid != uid || egid != gid))
4361 #endif /* !PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS */
4362 /* This is a really primitive check; environment gets ignored only
4363 * if -T are the first chars together; otherwise one gets
4364 * "Too late" message. */
4365 if ( argc > 1 && argv[1][0] == '-'
4366 && (argv[1][1] == 't' || argv[1][1] == 'T') )
4371 /* Passing the flag as a single char rather than a string is a slight space
4372 optimisation. The only message that isn't /^-.$/ is
4373 "program input from stdin", which is substituted in place of '\0', which
4374 could never be a command line flag. */
4376 S_forbid_setid(pTHX_ const char flag, const int suidscript)
4379 char string[3] = "-x";
4380 const char *message = "program input from stdin";
4387 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
4388 if (PL_euid != PL_uid)
4389 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed while running setuid", message);
4390 if (PL_egid != PL_gid)
4391 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed while running setgid", message);
4392 #endif /* SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW */
4394 * Checks for UID/GID above "wrong": why disallow
4395 * perl -e 'print "Hello\n"'
4396 * from within setuid things?? Simply drop them: replaced by
4397 * fdscript/suidscript and #ifdef IAMSUID checks below.
4399 * This may be too late for command-line switches. Will catch those on
4400 * the #! line, after finding the script name and setting up
4401 * fdscript/suidscript. Note that suidperl does not get around to
4402 * parsing (and checking) the switches on the #! line, but checks that
4403 * the two sets are identical.
4405 * With SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW, could we use fdscript, also or
4406 * instead, or would that be "too late"? (We never have suidscript, can
4407 * we be sure to have fdscript?)
4409 * Catch things with suidscript (in descendant of suidperl), even with
4410 * right UID/GID. Was already checked in suidperl, with #ifdef IAMSUID,
4411 * below; but I am paranoid.
4413 * Also see comments about root running a setuid script, elsewhere.
4415 if (suidscript >= 0)
4416 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed with (suid) fdscript", message);
4418 /* PSz 11 Nov 03 Catch it in suidperl, always! */
4419 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed in suidperl", message);
4420 #endif /* IAMSUID */
4424 Perl_init_debugger(pTHX)
4427 HV * const ostash = PL_curstash;
4429 PL_curstash = PL_debstash;
4430 PL_dbargs = GvAV(gv_AVadd((gv_fetchpvs("DB::args", GV_ADDMULTI,
4432 AvREAL_off(PL_dbargs);
4433 PL_DBgv = gv_fetchpvs("DB::DB", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVGV);
4434 PL_DBline = gv_fetchpvs("DB::dbline", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVAV);
4435 PL_DBsub = gv_HVadd(gv_fetchpvs("DB::sub", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
4436 PL_DBsingle = GvSV((gv_fetchpvs("DB::single", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
4437 sv_setiv(PL_DBsingle, 0);
4438 PL_DBtrace = GvSV((gv_fetchpvs("DB::trace", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
4439 sv_setiv(PL_DBtrace, 0);
4440 PL_DBsignal = GvSV((gv_fetchpvs("DB::signal", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
4441 sv_setiv(PL_DBsignal, 0);
4442 PL_DBassertion = GvSV((gv_fetchpvs("DB::assertion", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
4443 sv_setiv(PL_DBassertion, 0);
4444 PL_curstash = ostash;
4447 #ifndef STRESS_REALLOC
4448 #define REASONABLE(size) (size)
4450 #define REASONABLE(size) (1) /* unreasonable */
4454 Perl_init_stacks(pTHX)
4457 /* start with 128-item stack and 8K cxstack */
4458 PL_curstackinfo = new_stackinfo(REASONABLE(128),
4459 REASONABLE(8192/sizeof(PERL_CONTEXT) - 1));
4460 PL_curstackinfo->si_type = PERLSI_MAIN;
4461 PL_curstack = PL_curstackinfo->si_stack;
4462 PL_mainstack = PL_curstack; /* remember in case we switch stacks */
4464 PL_stack_base = AvARRAY(PL_curstack);
4465 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base;
4466 PL_stack_max = PL_stack_base + AvMAX(PL_curstack);
4468 Newx(PL_tmps_stack,REASONABLE(128),SV*);
4471 PL_tmps_max = REASONABLE(128);
4473 Newx(PL_markstack,REASONABLE(32),I32);
4474 PL_markstack_ptr = PL_markstack;
4475 PL_markstack_max = PL_markstack + REASONABLE(32);
4479 Newx(PL_scopestack,REASONABLE(32),I32);
4480 PL_scopestack_ix = 0;
4481 PL_scopestack_max = REASONABLE(32);
4483 Newx(PL_savestack,REASONABLE(128),ANY);
4484 PL_savestack_ix = 0;
4485 PL_savestack_max = REASONABLE(128);
4494 while (PL_curstackinfo->si_next)
4495 PL_curstackinfo = PL_curstackinfo->si_next;
4496 while (PL_curstackinfo) {
4497 PERL_SI *p = PL_curstackinfo->si_prev;
4498 /* curstackinfo->si_stack got nuked by sv_free_arenas() */
4499 Safefree(PL_curstackinfo->si_cxstack);
4500 Safefree(PL_curstackinfo);
4501 PL_curstackinfo = p;
4503 Safefree(PL_tmps_stack);
4504 Safefree(PL_markstack);
4505 Safefree(PL_scopestack);
4506 Safefree(PL_savestack);
4516 lex_start(PL_linestr);
4518 PL_subname = newSVpvs("main");
4522 S_init_predump_symbols(pTHX)
4528 sv_setpvn(get_sv("\"", TRUE), " ", 1);
4529 PL_stdingv = gv_fetchpvs("STDIN", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVIO);
4530 GvMULTI_on(PL_stdingv);
4531 io = GvIOp(PL_stdingv);
4532 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_RDONLY;
4533 IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stdin();
4534 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvs("stdin", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV);
4536 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc(io);
4538 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvs("STDOUT", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVIO);
4541 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_WRONLY;
4542 IoOFP(io) = IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stdout();
4544 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvs("stdout", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV);
4546 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc(io);
4548 PL_stderrgv = gv_fetchpvs("STDERR", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVIO);
4549 GvMULTI_on(PL_stderrgv);
4550 io = GvIOp(PL_stderrgv);
4551 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_WRONLY;
4552 IoOFP(io) = IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stderr();
4553 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvs("stderr", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV);
4555 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc(io);
4557 PL_statname = newSV(0); /* last filename we did stat on */
4559 Safefree(PL_osname);
4560 PL_osname = savepv(OSNAME);
4564 Perl_init_argv_symbols(pTHX_ register int argc, register char **argv)
4567 argc--,argv++; /* skip name of script */
4568 if (PL_doswitches) {
4569 for (; argc > 0 && **argv == '-'; argc--,argv++) {
4573 if (argv[0][1] == '-' && !argv[0][2]) {
4577 if ((s = strchr(argv[0], '='))) {
4578 const char *const start_name = argv[0] + 1;
4579 sv_setpv(GvSV(gv_fetchpvn_flags(start_name, s - start_name,
4580 TRUE, SVt_PV)), s + 1);
4583 sv_setiv(GvSV(gv_fetchpv(argv[0]+1, GV_ADD, SVt_PV)),1);
4586 if ((PL_argvgv = gv_fetchpvs("ARGV", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVAV))) {
4587 GvMULTI_on(PL_argvgv);
4588 (void)gv_AVadd(PL_argvgv);
4589 av_clear(GvAVn(PL_argvgv));
4590 for (; argc > 0; argc--,argv++) {
4591 SV * const sv = newSVpv(argv[0],0);
4592 av_push(GvAVn(PL_argvgv),sv);
4593 if (!(PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_LOCALE_FLAG) || PL_utf8locale) {
4594 if (PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_ARGV_FLAG)
4597 if (PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_WIDESYSCALLS_FLAG) /* Sarathy? */
4598 (void)sv_utf8_decode(sv);
4604 S_init_postdump_symbols(pTHX_ register int argc, register char **argv, register char **env)
4609 PL_toptarget = newSV(0);
4610 sv_upgrade(PL_toptarget, SVt_PVFM);
4611 sv_setpvn(PL_toptarget, "", 0);
4612 PL_bodytarget = newSV(0);
4613 sv_upgrade(PL_bodytarget, SVt_PVFM);
4614 sv_setpvn(PL_bodytarget, "", 0);
4615 PL_formtarget = PL_bodytarget;
4619 init_argv_symbols(argc,argv);
4621 if ((tmpgv = gv_fetchpvs("0", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV))) {
4622 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4623 /* $0 is not majick on a Mac */
4624 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv),MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
4626 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv),PL_origfilename);
4627 magicname("0", "0", 1);
4630 if ((PL_envgv = gv_fetchpvs("ENV", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVHV))) {
4632 GvMULTI_on(PL_envgv);
4633 hv = GvHVn(PL_envgv);
4634 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_env);
4636 #ifdef USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY
4637 /* Note that if the supplied env parameter is actually a copy
4638 of the global environ then it may now point to free'd memory
4639 if the environment has been modified since. To avoid this
4640 problem we treat env==NULL as meaning 'use the default'
4645 # ifdef USE_ITHREADS
4646 && PL_curinterp == aTHX
4653 char** origenv = environ;
4656 for (; *env; env++) {
4657 if (!(s = strchr(*env,'=')) || s == *env)
4659 #if defined(MSDOS) && !defined(DJGPP)
4664 sv = newSVpv(s+1, 0);
4665 (void)hv_store(hv, *env, s - *env, sv, 0);
4668 if (origenv != environ) {
4669 /* realloc has shifted us */
4670 env = (env - origenv) + environ;
4675 #endif /* USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY */
4676 #endif /* !PERL_MICRO */
4679 if ((tmpgv = gv_fetchpvs("$", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV))) {
4680 SvREADONLY_off(GvSV(tmpgv));
4681 sv_setiv(GvSV(tmpgv), (IV)PerlProc_getpid());
4682 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(tmpgv));
4684 #ifdef THREADS_HAVE_PIDS
4685 PL_ppid = (IV)getppid();
4688 /* touch @F array to prevent spurious warnings 20020415 MJD */
4690 (void) get_av("main::F", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4692 /* touch @- and @+ arrays to prevent spurious warnings 20020415 MJD */
4693 (void) get_av("main::-", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4694 (void) get_av("main::+", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4698 S_init_perllib(pTHX)
4704 s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL5LIB");
4706 * It isn't possible to delete an environment variable with
4707 * PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV set unless unsetenv() is also available, so in that
4708 * case we treat PERL5LIB as undefined if it has a zero-length value.
4710 #if defined(PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV) && ! defined(HAS_UNSETENV)
4711 if (s && *s != '\0')
4715 incpush(s, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE);
4717 incpush(PerlEnv_getenv("PERLLIB"), FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4719 /* Treat PERL5?LIB as a possible search list logical name -- the
4720 * "natural" VMS idiom for a Unix path string. We allow each
4721 * element to be a set of |-separated directories for compatibility.
4725 if (my_trnlnm("PERL5LIB",buf,0))
4726 do { incpush(buf,TRUE,TRUE,TRUE,FALSE); } while (my_trnlnm("PERL5LIB",buf,++idx));
4728 while (my_trnlnm("PERLLIB",buf,idx++)) incpush(buf,FALSE,FALSE,TRUE,FALSE);
4732 /* Use the ~-expanded versions of APPLLIB (undocumented),
4733 ARCHLIB PRIVLIB SITEARCH SITELIB VENDORARCH and VENDORLIB
4736 incpush(APPLLIB_EXP, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4740 incpush(ARCHLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4742 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4745 SV * privdir = newSV(0);
4746 char * macperl = PerlEnv_getenv("MACPERL");
4751 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ privdir, "%slib:", macperl);
4752 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(privdir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 && S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode))
4753 incpush(SvPVX(privdir), TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4754 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ privdir, "%ssite_perl:", macperl);
4755 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(privdir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 && S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode))
4756 incpush(SvPVX(privdir), TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4758 SvREFCNT_dec(privdir);
4761 incpush(":", FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4764 # define PRIVLIB_EXP "/usr/local/lib/perl5:/usr/local/lib/perl"
4767 incpush(PRIVLIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4769 incpush(PRIVLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4773 /* sitearch is always relative to sitelib on Windows for
4774 * DLL-based path intuition to work correctly */
4775 # if !defined(WIN32)
4776 incpush(SITEARCH_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4782 /* this picks up sitearch as well */
4783 incpush(SITELIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4785 incpush(SITELIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4789 #ifdef SITELIB_STEM /* Search for version-specific dirs below here */
4790 incpush(SITELIB_STEM, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4793 #ifdef PERL_VENDORARCH_EXP
4794 /* vendorarch is always relative to vendorlib on Windows for
4795 * DLL-based path intuition to work correctly */
4796 # if !defined(WIN32)
4797 incpush(PERL_VENDORARCH_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4801 #ifdef PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP
4803 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE); /* this picks up vendorarch as well */
4805 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4809 #ifdef PERL_VENDORLIB_STEM /* Search for version-specific dirs below here */
4810 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_STEM, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4813 #ifdef PERL_OTHERLIBDIRS
4814 incpush(PERL_OTHERLIBDIRS, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4818 incpush(".", FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4819 #endif /* MACOS_TRADITIONAL */
4822 #if defined(DOSISH) || defined(EPOC) || defined(__SYMBIAN32__)
4823 # define PERLLIB_SEP ';'
4826 # define PERLLIB_SEP '|'
4828 # if defined(MACOS_TRADITIONAL)
4829 # define PERLLIB_SEP ','
4831 # define PERLLIB_SEP ':'
4835 #ifndef PERLLIB_MANGLE
4836 # define PERLLIB_MANGLE(s,n) (s)
4839 /* Push a directory onto @INC if it exists.
4840 Generate a new SV if we do this, to save needing to copy the SV we push
4843 S_incpush_if_exists(pTHX_ SV *dir)
4847 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX_const(dir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 &&
4848 S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode)) {
4849 av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), dir);
4856 S_incpush(pTHX_ const char *dir, bool addsubdirs, bool addoldvers, bool usesep,
4861 const char *p = dir;
4866 if (addsubdirs || addoldvers) {
4870 /* Break at all separators */
4872 SV *libdir = newSV(0);
4875 /* skip any consecutive separators */
4877 while ( *p == PERLLIB_SEP ) {
4878 /* Uncomment the next line for PATH semantics */
4879 /* av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), newSVpvs(".")); */
4884 if ( usesep && (s = strchr(p, PERLLIB_SEP)) != NULL ) {
4885 sv_setpvn(libdir, PERLLIB_MANGLE(p, (STRLEN)(s - p)),
4890 sv_setpv(libdir, PERLLIB_MANGLE(p, 0));
4891 p = NULL; /* break out */
4893 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4894 if (!strchr(SvPVX(libdir), ':')) {
4897 sv_setpv(libdir, MacPerl_CanonDir(SvPVX(libdir), buf, 0));
4899 if (SvPVX(libdir)[SvCUR(libdir)-1] != ':')
4900 sv_catpvs(libdir, ":");
4903 /* Do the if() outside the #ifdef to avoid warnings about an unused
4906 #ifdef PERL_RELOCATABLE_INC
4908 * Relocatable include entries are marked with a leading .../
4911 * 0: Remove that leading ".../"
4912 * 1: Remove trailing executable name (anything after the last '/')
4913 * from the perl path to give a perl prefix
4915 * While the @INC element starts "../" and the prefix ends with a real
4916 * directory (ie not . or ..) chop that real directory off the prefix
4917 * and the leading "../" from the @INC element. ie a logical "../"
4919 * Finally concatenate the prefix and the remainder of the @INC element
4920 * The intent is that /usr/local/bin/perl and .../../lib/perl5
4921 * generates /usr/local/lib/perl5
4923 const char *libpath = SvPVX(libdir);
4924 STRLEN libpath_len = SvCUR(libdir);
4925 if (libpath_len >= 4 && memEQ (libpath, ".../", 4)) {
4927 SV * const caret_X = get_sv("\030", 0);
4928 /* Going to use the SV just as a scratch buffer holding a C
4934 /* $^X is *the* source of taint if tainting is on, hence
4935 SvPOK() won't be true. */
4937 assert(SvPOKp(caret_X));
4938 prefix_sv = newSVpvn(SvPVX(caret_X), SvCUR(caret_X));
4939 /* Firstly take off the leading .../
4940 If all else fail we'll do the paths relative to the current
4942 sv_chop(libdir, libpath + 4);
4943 /* Don't use SvPV as we're intentionally bypassing taining,
4944 mortal copies that the mg_get of tainting creates, and
4945 corruption that seems to come via the save stack.
4946 I guess that the save stack isn't correctly set up yet. */
4947 libpath = SvPVX(libdir);
4948 libpath_len = SvCUR(libdir);
4950 /* This would work more efficiently with memrchr, but as it's
4951 only a GNU extension we'd need to probe for it and
4952 implement our own. Not hard, but maybe not worth it? */
4954 prefix = SvPVX(prefix_sv);
4955 lastslash = strrchr(prefix, '/');
4957 /* First time in with the *lastslash = '\0' we just wipe off
4958 the trailing /perl from (say) /usr/foo/bin/perl
4962 while ((*lastslash = '\0'), /* Do that, come what may. */
4963 (libpath_len >= 3 && memEQ(libpath, "../", 3)
4964 && (lastslash = strrchr(prefix, '/')))) {
4965 if (lastslash[1] == '\0'
4966 || (lastslash[1] == '.'
4967 && (lastslash[2] == '/' /* ends "/." */
4968 || (lastslash[2] == '/'
4969 && lastslash[3] == '/' /* or "/.." */
4971 /* Prefix ends "/" or "/." or "/..", any of which
4972 are fishy, so don't do any more logical cleanup.
4976 /* Remove leading "../" from path */
4979 /* Next iteration round the loop removes the last
4980 directory name from prefix by writing a '\0' in
4981 the while clause. */
4983 /* prefix has been terminated with a '\0' to the correct
4984 length. libpath points somewhere into the libdir SV.
4985 We need to join the 2 with '/' and drop the result into
4987 tempsv = Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "%s/%s", prefix, libpath);
4988 SvREFCNT_dec(libdir);
4989 /* And this is the new libdir. */
4992 (PL_uid != PL_euid || PL_gid != PL_egid)) {
4993 /* Need to taint reloccated paths if running set ID */
4994 SvTAINTED_on(libdir);
4997 SvREFCNT_dec(prefix_sv);
5002 * BEFORE pushing libdir onto @INC we may first push version- and
5003 * archname-specific sub-directories.
5005 if (addsubdirs || addoldvers) {
5006 #ifdef PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST
5007 /* Configure terminates PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST with a NULL */
5008 const char * const incverlist[] = { PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST };
5009 const char * const *incver;
5015 if ((unix = tounixspec_ts(SvPV(libdir,len),NULL)) != NULL) {
5017 while (unix[len-1] == '/') len--; /* Cosmetic */
5018 sv_usepvn(libdir,unix,len);
5021 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log,
5022 "Failed to unixify @INC element \"%s\"\n",
5026 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
5027 #define PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT ""
5028 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT "%s:"
5029 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_FS_VER_FMT PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT
5031 #define PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT "/"
5032 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT "/%s"
5033 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT PERL_FS_VER_FMT
5035 /* .../version/archname if -d .../version/archname */
5036 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_ARCH_FMT,
5038 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
5039 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION, ARCHNAME);
5040 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
5042 /* .../version if -d .../version */
5043 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH, libdir,
5044 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
5045 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION);
5046 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
5048 /* .../archname if -d .../archname */
5049 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT, libdir, ARCHNAME);
5050 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
5054 #ifdef PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST
5056 for (incver = incverlist; *incver; incver++) {
5057 /* .../xxx if -d .../xxx */
5058 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT, libdir, *incver);
5059 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
5065 /* finally push this lib directory on the end of @INC */
5066 av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), libdir);
5069 assert (SvREFCNT(subdir) == 1);
5070 SvREFCNT_dec(subdir);
5074 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
5075 STATIC struct perl_thread *
5076 S_init_main_thread(pTHX)
5078 #if !defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
5079 struct perl_thread *thr;
5083 Newxz(thr, 1, struct perl_thread);
5084 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
5085 thr->interp = PERL_GET_INTERP;
5086 thr->cvcache = newHV();
5087 thr->threadsv = newAV();
5088 /* thr->threadsvp is set when find_threadsv is called */
5089 thr->specific = newAV();
5090 thr->flags = THRf_R_JOINABLE;
5091 MUTEX_INIT(&thr->mutex);
5092 /* Handcraft thrsv similarly to mess_sv */
5093 Newx(PL_thrsv, 1, SV);
5095 SvFLAGS(PL_thrsv) = SVt_PV;
5096 SvANY(PL_thrsv) = (void*)xpv;
5097 SvREFCNT(PL_thrsv) = 1 << 30; /* practically infinite */
5098 SvPV_set(PL_thrsvr, (char*)thr);
5099 SvCUR_set(PL_thrsv, sizeof(thr));
5100 SvLEN_set(PL_thrsv, sizeof(thr));
5101 *SvEND(PL_thrsv) = '\0'; /* in the trailing_nul field */
5102 thr->oursv = PL_thrsv;
5103 PL_chopset = " \n-";
5106 MUTEX_LOCK(&PL_threads_mutex);
5112 MUTEX_UNLOCK(&PL_threads_mutex);
5114 #ifdef HAVE_THREAD_INTERN
5115 Perl_init_thread_intern(thr);
5118 #ifdef SET_THREAD_SELF
5119 SET_THREAD_SELF(thr);
5121 thr->self = pthread_self();
5122 #endif /* SET_THREAD_SELF */
5126 * These must come after the thread self setting
5127 * because sv_setpvn does SvTAINT and the taint
5128 * fields thread selfness being set.
5130 PL_toptarget = newSV(0);
5131 sv_upgrade(PL_toptarget, SVt_PVFM);
5132 sv_setpvn(PL_toptarget, "", 0);
5133 PL_bodytarget = newSV(0);
5134 sv_upgrade(PL_bodytarget, SVt_PVFM);
5135 sv_setpvn(PL_bodytarget, "", 0);
5136 PL_formtarget = PL_bodytarget;
5137 thr->errsv = newSVpvs("");
5138 (void) find_threadsv("@"); /* Ensure $@ is initialised early */
5141 PL_peepp = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_peep);
5142 PL_regcompp = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_pregcomp);
5143 PL_regexecp = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_regexec_flags);
5144 PL_regint_start = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_re_intuit_start);
5145 PL_regint_string = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_re_intuit_string);
5146 PL_regfree = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_pregfree);
5148 PL_reginterp_cnt = 0;
5152 #endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
5155 Perl_call_list(pTHX_ I32 oldscope, AV *paramList)
5159 const line_t oldline = CopLINE(PL_curcop);
5165 while (av_len(paramList) >= 0) {
5166 cv = (CV*)av_shift(paramList);
5168 if (paramList == PL_beginav) {
5169 /* save PL_beginav for compiler */
5170 if (! PL_beginav_save)
5171 PL_beginav_save = newAV();
5172 av_push(PL_beginav_save, (SV*)cv);
5174 else if (paramList == PL_checkav) {
5175 /* save PL_checkav for compiler */
5176 if (! PL_checkav_save)
5177 PL_checkav_save = newAV();
5178 av_push(PL_checkav_save, (SV*)cv);
5188 (void)SvPV_const(atsv, len);
5190 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
5191 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
5192 if (paramList == PL_beginav)
5193 sv_catpvs(atsv, "BEGIN failed--compilation aborted");
5195 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ atsv,
5196 "%s failed--call queue aborted",
5197 paramList == PL_checkav ? "CHECK"
5198 : paramList == PL_initav ? "INIT"
5200 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
5203 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%"SVf"", atsv);
5210 /* my_exit() was called */
5211 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
5214 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
5215 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
5216 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
5218 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED)) {
5219 if (paramList == PL_beginav)
5220 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "BEGIN failed--compilation aborted");
5222 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s failed--call queue aborted",
5223 paramList == PL_checkav ? "CHECK"
5224 : paramList == PL_initav ? "INIT"
5231 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
5232 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
5235 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: restartop\n");
5244 S_call_list_body(pTHX_ CV *cv)
5247 PUSHMARK(PL_stack_sp);
5248 call_sv((SV*)cv, G_EVAL|G_DISCARD);
5253 Perl_my_exit(pTHX_ U32 status)
5256 DEBUG_S(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "my_exit: thread %p, status %lu\n",
5257 thr, (unsigned long) status));
5266 STATUS_EXIT_SET(status);
5273 Perl_my_failure_exit(pTHX)
5277 /* We have been called to fall on our sword. The desired exit code
5278 * should be already set in STATUS_UNIX, but could be shifted over
5279 * by 8 bits. STATUS_UNIX_EXIT_SET will handle the cases where a
5282 * If an error code has not been set, then force the issue.
5284 if (MY_POSIX_EXIT) {
5286 /* In POSIX_EXIT mode follow Perl documentations and use 255 for
5287 * the exit code when there isn't an error.
5290 if (STATUS_UNIX == 0)
5291 STATUS_UNIX_EXIT_SET(255);
5293 STATUS_UNIX_EXIT_SET(STATUS_UNIX);
5295 /* The exit code could have been set by $? or vmsish which
5296 * means that it may not be fatal. So convert
5297 * success/warning codes to fatal.
5299 if ((STATUS_NATIVE & (STS$K_SEVERE|STS$K_ERROR)) == 0)
5300 STATUS_UNIX_EXIT_SET(255);
5304 /* Traditionally Perl on VMS always expects a Fatal Error. */
5305 if (vaxc$errno & 1) {
5307 /* So force success status to failure */
5308 if (STATUS_NATIVE & 1)
5313 STATUS_UNIX = EINTR; /* In case something cares */
5318 STATUS_NATIVE = vaxc$errno; /* Should already be this */
5320 /* Encode the severity code */
5321 severity = STATUS_NATIVE & STS$M_SEVERITY;
5322 STATUS_UNIX = (severity ? severity : 1) << 8;
5324 /* Perl expects this to be a fatal error */
5325 if (severity != STS$K_SEVERE)
5334 STATUS_UNIX_SET(errno);
5336 exitstatus = STATUS_UNIX >> 8;
5337 if (exitstatus & 255)
5338 STATUS_UNIX_SET(exitstatus);
5340 STATUS_UNIX_SET(255);
5347 S_my_exit_jump(pTHX)
5350 register PERL_CONTEXT *cx;
5355 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
5359 POPSTACK_TO(PL_mainstack);
5360 if (cxstack_ix >= 0) {
5363 POPBLOCK(cx,PL_curpm);
5368 PERL_UNUSED_VAR(gimme);
5369 PERL_UNUSED_VAR(newsp);
5373 read_e_script(pTHX_ int idx, SV *buf_sv, int maxlen)
5376 const char * const p = SvPVX_const(PL_e_script);
5377 const char *nl = strchr(p, '\n');
5379 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(idx);
5380 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(maxlen);
5382 nl = (nl) ? nl+1 : SvEND(PL_e_script);
5384 filter_del(read_e_script);
5387 sv_catpvn(buf_sv, p, nl-p);
5388 sv_chop(PL_e_script, nl);
5394 * c-indentation-style: bsd
5396 * indent-tabs-mode: t
5399 * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 noet: