3 * Copyright (C) 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
4 * 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * "A ship then new they built for him/of mithril and of elven glass" --Bilbo
15 /* This file contains the top-level functions that are used to create, use
16 * and destroy a perl interpreter, plus the functions used by XS code to
17 * call back into perl. Note that it does not contain the actual main()
18 * function of the interpreter; that can be found in perlmain.c
23 * Be proud that perl(1) may proclaim:
24 * Setuid Perl scripts are safer than C programs ...
25 * Do not abandon (deprecate) suidperl. Do not advocate C wrappers.
27 * The flow was: perl starts, notices script is suid, execs suidperl with same
28 * arguments; suidperl opens script, checks many things, sets itself with
29 * right UID, execs perl with similar arguments but with script pre-opened on
30 * /dev/fd/xxx; perl checks script is as should be and does work. This was
31 * insecure: see perlsec(1) for many problems with this approach.
33 * The "correct" flow should be: perl starts, opens script and notices it is
34 * suid, checks many things, execs suidperl with similar arguments but with
35 * script on /dev/fd/xxx; suidperl checks script and /dev/fd/xxx object are
36 * same, checks arguments match #! line, sets itself with right UID, execs
37 * perl with same arguments; perl checks many things and does work.
39 * (Opening the script in perl instead of suidperl, we "lose" scripts that
40 * are readable to the target UID but not to the invoker. Where did
41 * unreadable scripts work anyway?)
43 * For now, suidperl and perl are pretty much the same large and cumbersome
44 * program, so suidperl can check its argument list (see comments elsewhere).
47 * Original bug report:
48 * http://bugs.perl.org/index.html?req=bug_id&bug_id=20010322.218
49 * http://rt.perl.org/rt2/Ticket/Display.html?id=6511
50 * Comments and discussion with Debian:
51 * http://bugs.debian.org/203426
52 * http://bugs.debian.org/220486
53 * Debian Security Advisory DSA 431-1 (does not fully fix problem):
54 * http://www.debian.org/security/2004/dsa-431
56 * http://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CAN-2003-0618
57 * Previous versions of this patch sent to perl5-porters:
58 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg71953.html
59 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75245.html
60 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75563.html
61 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75635.html
63 Paul Szabo - psz@maths.usyd.edu.au http://www.maths.usyd.edu.au:8000/u/psz/
64 School of Mathematics and Statistics University of Sydney 2006 Australia
68 * Use truthful, neat, specific error messages.
69 * Cannot always hide the truth; security must not depend on doing so.
73 * Use global(?), thread-local fdscript for easier checks.
74 * (I do not understand how we could possibly get a thread race:
75 * do not all threads go through the same initialization? Or in
76 * fact, are not threads started only after we get the script and
77 * so know what to do? Oh well, make things super-safe...)
81 #define PERL_IN_PERL_C
83 #include "patchlevel.h" /* for local_patches */
87 char *nw_get_sitelib(const char *pl);
90 /* XXX If this causes problems, set i_unistd=undef in the hint file. */
95 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
97 # include <sys/wait.h>
100 # include <sys/uio.h>
105 char control[CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(int))];
122 #if !defined(STANDARD_C) && !defined(HAS_GETENV_PROTOTYPE) && !defined(PERL_MICRO)
123 char *getenv (char *); /* Usually in <stdlib.h> */
126 static I32 read_e_script(pTHX_ int idx, SV *buf_sv, int maxlen);
134 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
141 S_init_tls_and_interp(PerlInterpreter *my_perl)
145 PERL_SET_INTERP(my_perl);
146 #if defined(USE_ITHREADS)
149 PERL_SET_THX(my_perl);
151 MUTEX_INIT(&PL_dollarzero_mutex);
153 #ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
154 MUTEX_INIT(&PL_my_ctx_mutex);
158 PERL_SET_THX(my_perl);
162 #ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
164 perl_alloc_using(struct IPerlMem* ipM, struct IPerlMem* ipMS,
165 struct IPerlMem* ipMP, struct IPerlEnv* ipE,
166 struct IPerlStdIO* ipStd, struct IPerlLIO* ipLIO,
167 struct IPerlDir* ipD, struct IPerlSock* ipS,
168 struct IPerlProc* ipP)
170 PerlInterpreter *my_perl;
171 /* Newx() needs interpreter, so call malloc() instead */
172 my_perl = (PerlInterpreter*)(*ipM->pMalloc)(ipM, sizeof(PerlInterpreter));
173 S_init_tls_and_interp(my_perl);
174 Zero(my_perl, 1, PerlInterpreter);
184 INIT_TRACK_MEMPOOL(PL_memory_debug_header, my_perl);
191 =head1 Embedding Functions
193 =for apidoc perl_alloc
195 Allocates a new Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
203 PerlInterpreter *my_perl;
205 /* Newx() needs interpreter, so call malloc() instead */
206 my_perl = (PerlInterpreter*)PerlMem_malloc(sizeof(PerlInterpreter));
208 S_init_tls_and_interp(my_perl);
209 #ifndef PERL_TRACK_MEMPOOL
210 return (PerlInterpreter *) ZeroD(my_perl, 1, PerlInterpreter);
212 Zero(my_perl, 1, PerlInterpreter);
213 INIT_TRACK_MEMPOOL(PL_memory_debug_header, my_perl);
217 #endif /* PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS */
220 =for apidoc perl_construct
222 Initializes a new Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
228 perl_construct(pTHXx)
231 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(my_perl);
234 PL_perl_destruct_level = 1;
236 if (PL_perl_destruct_level > 0)
239 /* Init the real globals (and main thread)? */
241 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling; /* needed by ckWARN, right away */
243 PL_linestr = newSV(79);
244 sv_upgrade(PL_linestr,SVt_PVIV);
246 if (!SvREADONLY(&PL_sv_undef)) {
247 /* set read-only and try to insure than we wont see REFCNT==0
250 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_undef);
251 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_undef) = (~(U32)0)/2;
253 sv_setpv(&PL_sv_no,PL_No);
254 /* value lookup in void context - happens to have the side effect
255 of caching the numeric forms. */
258 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_no);
259 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_no) = (~(U32)0)/2;
261 sv_setpv(&PL_sv_yes,PL_Yes);
264 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_yes);
265 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_yes) = (~(U32)0)/2;
267 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_placeholder);
268 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_placeholder) = (~(U32)0)/2;
271 PL_sighandlerp = (Sighandler_t) Perl_sighandler;
272 #ifdef PERL_USES_PL_PIDSTATUS
273 PL_pidstatus = newHV();
277 PL_rs = newSVpvs("\n");
282 PL_lex_state = LEX_NOTPARSING;
288 SET_NUMERIC_STANDARD();
290 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
291 PL_localpatches = local_patches; /* For possible -v */
294 #ifdef HAVE_INTERP_INTERN
298 PerlIO_init(aTHX); /* Hook to IO system */
300 PL_fdpid = newAV(); /* for remembering popen pids by fd */
301 PL_modglobal = newHV(); /* pointers to per-interpreter module globals */
302 PL_errors = newSVpvs("");
303 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(0), "", 0); /* For regex debugging. */
304 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(1), "", 0); /* ext/re needs these */
305 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(2), "", 0); /* even without DEBUGGING. */
307 PL_regex_padav = newAV();
308 av_push(PL_regex_padav,(SV*)newAV()); /* First entry is an array of empty elements */
309 PL_regex_pad = AvARRAY(PL_regex_padav);
311 #ifdef USE_REENTRANT_API
312 Perl_reentrant_init(aTHX);
315 /* Note that strtab is a rather special HV. Assumptions are made
316 about not iterating on it, and not adding tie magic to it.
317 It is properly deallocated in perl_destruct() */
320 HvSHAREKEYS_off(PL_strtab); /* mandatory */
321 hv_ksplit(PL_strtab, 512);
323 #if defined(__DYNAMIC__) && (defined(NeXT) || defined(__NeXT__))
324 _dyld_lookup_and_bind
325 ("__environ", (unsigned long *) &environ_pointer, NULL);
329 # ifdef USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY
330 PL_origenviron = environ;
334 /* Use sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK) if available, if not
335 * available or if the sysconf() fails, use the HZ.
336 * BeOS has those, but returns the wrong value.
337 * The HZ if not originally defined has been by now
338 * been defined as CLK_TCK, if available. */
339 #if defined(HAS_SYSCONF) && defined(_SC_CLK_TCK) && !defined(__BEOS__)
340 PL_clocktick = sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK);
341 if (PL_clocktick <= 0)
345 PL_stashcache = newHV();
347 PL_patchlevel = Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "%d.%d.%d", (int)PERL_REVISION,
348 (int)PERL_VERSION, (int)PERL_SUBVERSION);
351 if (!PL_mmap_page_size) {
352 #if defined(HAS_SYSCONF) && (defined(_SC_PAGESIZE) || defined(_SC_MMAP_PAGE_SIZE))
354 SETERRNO(0, SS_NORMAL);
356 PL_mmap_page_size = sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE);
358 PL_mmap_page_size = sysconf(_SC_MMAP_PAGE_SIZE);
360 if ((long) PL_mmap_page_size < 0) {
362 SV * const error = ERRSV;
363 (void) SvUPGRADE(error, SVt_PV);
364 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: sysconf: %s", SvPV_nolen_const(error));
367 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: sysconf: pagesize unknown");
371 # ifdef HAS_GETPAGESIZE
372 PL_mmap_page_size = getpagesize();
374 # if defined(I_SYS_PARAM) && defined(PAGESIZE)
375 PL_mmap_page_size = PAGESIZE; /* compiletime, bad */
379 if (PL_mmap_page_size <= 0)
380 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: bad pagesize %" IVdf,
381 (IV) PL_mmap_page_size);
383 #endif /* HAS_MMAP */
385 #if defined(HAS_TIMES) && defined(PERL_NEED_TIMESBASE)
386 PL_timesbase.tms_utime = 0;
387 PL_timesbase.tms_stime = 0;
388 PL_timesbase.tms_cutime = 0;
389 PL_timesbase.tms_cstime = 0;
396 =for apidoc nothreadhook
398 Stub that provides thread hook for perl_destruct when there are
405 Perl_nothreadhook(pTHX)
410 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
412 Perl_dump_sv_child(pTHX_ SV *sv)
415 const int sock = PL_dumper_fd;
416 const int debug_fd = PerlIO_fileno(Perl_debug_log);
417 union control_un control;
420 struct cmsghdr *cmptr;
422 unsigned char buffer[256];
424 if(sock == -1 || debug_fd == -1)
427 PerlIO_flush(Perl_debug_log);
429 /* All these shenanigans are to pass a file descriptor over to our child for
430 it to dump out to. We can't let it hold open the file descriptor when it
431 forks, as the file descriptor it will dump to can turn out to be one end
432 of pipe that some other process will wait on for EOF. (So as it would
433 be open, the wait would be forever. */
435 msg.msg_control = control.control;
436 msg.msg_controllen = sizeof(control.control);
437 /* We're a connected socket so we don't need a destination */
443 cmptr = CMSG_FIRSTHDR(&msg);
444 cmptr->cmsg_len = CMSG_LEN(sizeof(int));
445 cmptr->cmsg_level = SOL_SOCKET;
446 cmptr->cmsg_type = SCM_RIGHTS;
447 *((int *)CMSG_DATA(cmptr)) = 1;
449 vec[0].iov_base = (void*)&sv;
450 vec[0].iov_len = sizeof(sv);
451 got = sendmsg(sock, &msg, 0);
454 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent sendmsg failed");
457 if(got < sizeof(sv)) {
458 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent short sendmsg");
462 /* Return protocol is
464 unsigned char: length of location string (0 for empty)
465 unsigned char*: string (not terminated)
467 vec[0].iov_base = (void*)&returned_errno;
468 vec[0].iov_len = sizeof(returned_errno);
469 vec[1].iov_base = buffer;
472 got = readv(sock, vec, 2);
475 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent read failed");
476 PerlIO_flush(PerlIO_stderr());
479 if(got < sizeof(returned_errno) + 1) {
480 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent short read");
481 PerlIO_flush(PerlIO_stderr());
486 got = read(sock, buffer + 1, *buffer);
488 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent read 2 failed");
489 PerlIO_flush(PerlIO_stderr());
494 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent short read 2");
495 PerlIO_flush(PerlIO_stderr());
500 if (returned_errno || *buffer) {
501 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "Debug leaking scalars child failed%s%.*s with errno"
502 " %d: %s", (*buffer ? " at " : ""), (int) *buffer, buffer + 1,
503 returned_errno, strerror(returned_errno));
509 =for apidoc perl_destruct
511 Shuts down a Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
520 volatile int destruct_level; /* 0=none, 1=full, 2=full with checks */
522 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
526 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(my_perl);
528 /* wait for all pseudo-forked children to finish */
529 PERL_WAIT_FOR_CHILDREN;
531 destruct_level = PL_perl_destruct_level;
534 const char * const s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL");
536 const int i = atoi(s);
537 if (destruct_level < i)
543 if (PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_DESTRUCT_END) {
549 if (PL_endav && !PL_minus_c)
550 call_list(PL_scopestack_ix, PL_endav);
556 /* Need to flush since END blocks can produce output */
559 if (CALL_FPTR(PL_threadhook)(aTHX)) {
560 /* Threads hook has vetoed further cleanup */
564 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
565 if (destruct_level != 0) {
566 /* Fork here to create a child. Our child's job is to preserve the
567 state of scalars prior to destruction, so that we can instruct it
568 to dump any scalars that we later find have leaked.
569 There's no subtlety in this code - it assumes POSIX, and it doesn't
573 if(socketpair(AF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, 0, fd)) {
574 perror("Debug leaking scalars socketpair failed");
580 perror("Debug leaking scalars fork failed");
584 /* We are the child */
585 const int sock = fd[1];
586 const int debug_fd = PerlIO_fileno(Perl_debug_log);
589 /* Our success message is an integer 0, and a char 0 */
590 static const char success[sizeof(int) + 1];
594 /* We need to close all other file descriptors otherwise we end up
595 with interesting hangs, where the parent closes its end of a
596 pipe, and sits waiting for (another) child to terminate. Only
597 that child never terminates, because it never gets EOF, because
598 we also have the far end of the pipe open. We even need to
599 close the debugging fd, because sometimes it happens to be one
600 end of a pipe, and a process is waiting on the other end for
601 EOF. Normally it would be closed at some point earlier in
602 destruction, but if we happen to cause the pipe to remain open,
603 EOF never occurs, and we get an infinite hang. Hence all the
604 games to pass in a file descriptor if it's actually needed. */
606 f = sysconf(_SC_OPEN_MAX);
608 where = "sysconf failed";
619 union control_un control;
622 struct cmsghdr *cmptr;
626 msg.msg_control = control.control;
627 msg.msg_controllen = sizeof(control.control);
628 /* We're a connected socket so we don't need a source */
632 msg.msg_iovlen = sizeof(vec)/sizeof(vec[0]);
634 vec[0].iov_base = (void*)⌖
635 vec[0].iov_len = sizeof(target);
637 got = recvmsg(sock, &msg, 0);
642 where = "recv failed";
645 if(got < sizeof(target)) {
646 where = "short recv";
650 if(!(cmptr = CMSG_FIRSTHDR(&msg))) {
654 if(cmptr->cmsg_len != CMSG_LEN(sizeof(int))) {
655 where = "wrong cmsg_len";
658 if(cmptr->cmsg_level != SOL_SOCKET) {
659 where = "wrong cmsg_level";
662 if(cmptr->cmsg_type != SCM_RIGHTS) {
663 where = "wrong cmsg_type";
667 got_fd = *(int*)CMSG_DATA(cmptr);
668 /* For our last little bit of trickery, put the file descriptor
669 back into Perl_debug_log, as if we never actually closed it
671 if(got_fd != debug_fd) {
672 if (dup2(got_fd, debug_fd) == -1) {
679 PerlIO_flush(Perl_debug_log);
681 got = write(sock, &success, sizeof(success));
684 where = "write failed";
687 if(got < sizeof(success)) {
688 where = "short write";
695 int send_errno = errno;
696 unsigned char length = (unsigned char) strlen(where);
697 struct iovec failure[3] = {
698 {(void*)&send_errno, sizeof(send_errno)},
700 {(void*)where, length}
702 int got = writev(sock, failure, 3);
703 /* Bad news travels fast. Faster than data. We'll get a SIGPIPE
704 in the parent if we try to read from the socketpair after the
705 child has exited, even if there was data to read.
706 So sleep a bit to give the parent a fighting chance of
709 _exit((got == -1) ? errno : 0);
713 PL_dumper_fd = fd[0];
718 /* We must account for everything. */
720 /* Destroy the main CV and syntax tree */
721 /* Do this now, because destroying ops can cause new SVs to be generated
722 in Perl_pad_swipe, and when running with -DDEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS they
723 PL_curcop to point to a valid op from which the filename structure
725 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
727 /* ensure comppad/curpad to refer to main's pad */
728 if (CvPADLIST(PL_main_cv)) {
729 PAD_SET_CUR_NOSAVE(CvPADLIST(PL_main_cv), 1);
731 op_free(PL_main_root);
732 PL_main_root = Nullop;
734 PL_main_start = Nullop;
735 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_main_cv);
739 /* Tell PerlIO we are about to tear things apart in case
740 we have layers which are using resources that should
744 PerlIO_destruct(aTHX);
746 if (PL_sv_objcount) {
748 * Try to destruct global references. We do this first so that the
749 * destructors and destructees still exist. Some sv's might remain.
750 * Non-referenced objects are on their own.
754 if (PL_defoutgv && !SvREFCNT(PL_defoutgv))
755 PL_defoutgv = NULL; /* may have been freed */
758 /* unhook hooks which will soon be, or use, destroyed data */
759 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_warnhook);
761 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_diehook);
764 /* call exit list functions */
765 while (PL_exitlistlen-- > 0)
766 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].fn(aTHX_ PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].ptr);
768 Safefree(PL_exitlist);
773 if (destruct_level == 0){
775 DEBUG_P(debprofdump());
777 #if defined(PERLIO_LAYERS)
778 /* No more IO - including error messages ! */
779 PerlIO_cleanup(aTHX);
782 /* The exit() function will do everything that needs doing. */
786 /* jettison our possibly duplicated environment */
787 /* if PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV is defined environ will not have been copied
788 * so we certainly shouldn't free it here
791 #if defined(USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY) && !defined(PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV)
792 if (environ != PL_origenviron && !PL_use_safe_putenv
794 /* only main thread can free environ[0] contents */
795 && PL_curinterp == aTHX
801 for (i = 0; environ[i]; i++)
802 safesysfree(environ[i]);
804 /* Must use safesysfree() when working with environ. */
805 safesysfree(environ);
807 environ = PL_origenviron;
810 #endif /* !PERL_MICRO */
812 /* reset so print() ends up where we expect */
816 /* the syntax tree is shared between clones
817 * so op_free(PL_main_root) only ReREFCNT_dec's
818 * REGEXPs in the parent interpreter
819 * we need to manually ReREFCNT_dec for the clones
822 I32 i = AvFILLp(PL_regex_padav) + 1;
823 SV * const * const ary = AvARRAY(PL_regex_padav);
826 SV * const resv = ary[--i];
828 if (SvFLAGS(resv) & SVf_BREAK) {
829 /* this is PL_reg_curpm, already freed
830 * flag is set in regexec.c:S_regtry
832 SvFLAGS(resv) &= ~SVf_BREAK;
834 else if(SvREPADTMP(resv)) {
835 SvREPADTMP_off(resv);
837 else if(SvIOKp(resv)) {
838 REGEXP *re = INT2PTR(REGEXP *,SvIVX(resv));
843 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_regex_padav);
844 PL_regex_padav = NULL;
848 SvREFCNT_dec((SV*) PL_stashcache);
849 PL_stashcache = NULL;
851 /* loosen bonds of global variables */
854 (void)PerlIO_close(PL_rsfp);
858 /* Filters for program text */
859 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rsfp_filters);
860 PL_rsfp_filters = NULL;
863 PL_preprocess = FALSE;
869 PL_doswitches = FALSE;
870 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_OFF;
871 PL_doextract = FALSE;
872 PL_sawampersand = FALSE; /* must save all match strings */
875 Safefree(PL_inplace);
877 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_patchlevel);
880 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
886 /* magical thingies */
888 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ofs_sv); /* $, */
891 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ors_sv); /* $\ */
894 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rs); /* $/ */
897 PL_multiline = 0; /* $* */
898 Safefree(PL_osname); /* $^O */
901 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_statname);
905 /* defgv, aka *_ should be taken care of elsewhere */
907 /* clean up after study() */
908 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_lastscream);
909 PL_lastscream = NULL;
910 Safefree(PL_screamfirst);
912 Safefree(PL_screamnext);
916 Safefree(PL_efloatbuf);
920 /* startup and shutdown function lists */
921 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_beginav);
922 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_beginav_save);
923 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_endav);
924 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_checkav);
925 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_checkav_save);
926 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_initav);
928 PL_beginav_save = NULL;
931 PL_checkav_save = NULL;
934 /* shortcuts just get cleared */
943 PL_last_in_gv = NULL;
951 PL_DBassertion = NULL;
956 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_argvout_stack);
957 PL_argvout_stack = NULL;
959 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_modglobal);
961 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_preambleav);
962 PL_preambleav = NULL;
963 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_subname);
965 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_linestr);
967 #ifdef PERL_USES_PL_PIDSTATUS
968 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_pidstatus);
971 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_toptarget);
973 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_bodytarget);
974 PL_bodytarget = NULL;
975 PL_formtarget = NULL;
977 /* free locale stuff */
978 #ifdef USE_LOCALE_COLLATE
979 Safefree(PL_collation_name);
980 PL_collation_name = NULL;
983 #ifdef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC
984 Safefree(PL_numeric_name);
985 PL_numeric_name = NULL;
986 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_numeric_radix_sv);
987 PL_numeric_radix_sv = NULL;
990 /* clear utf8 character classes */
991 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alnum);
992 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alnumc);
993 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_ascii);
994 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alpha);
995 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_space);
996 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_cntrl);
997 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_graph);
998 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_digit);
999 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_upper);
1000 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_lower);
1001 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_print);
1002 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_punct);
1003 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_xdigit);
1004 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_mark);
1005 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_toupper);
1006 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_totitle);
1007 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_tolower);
1008 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_tofold);
1009 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_idstart);
1010 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_idcont);
1011 PL_utf8_alnum = NULL;
1012 PL_utf8_alnumc = NULL;
1013 PL_utf8_ascii = NULL;
1014 PL_utf8_alpha = NULL;
1015 PL_utf8_space = NULL;
1016 PL_utf8_cntrl = NULL;
1017 PL_utf8_graph = NULL;
1018 PL_utf8_digit = NULL;
1019 PL_utf8_upper = NULL;
1020 PL_utf8_lower = NULL;
1021 PL_utf8_print = NULL;
1022 PL_utf8_punct = NULL;
1023 PL_utf8_xdigit = NULL;
1024 PL_utf8_mark = NULL;
1025 PL_utf8_toupper = NULL;
1026 PL_utf8_totitle = NULL;
1027 PL_utf8_tolower = NULL;
1028 PL_utf8_tofold = NULL;
1029 PL_utf8_idstart = NULL;
1030 PL_utf8_idcont = NULL;
1032 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
1033 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
1034 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = NULL;
1035 if (!specialCopIO(PL_compiling.cop_io))
1036 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_io);
1037 PL_compiling.cop_io = NULL;
1038 CopFILE_free(&PL_compiling);
1039 CopSTASH_free(&PL_compiling);
1041 /* Prepare to destruct main symbol table. */
1046 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_curstname);
1047 PL_curstname = NULL;
1049 /* clear queued errors */
1050 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_errors);
1054 if (destruct_level >= 2 && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL)) {
1055 if (PL_scopestack_ix != 0)
1056 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
1057 "Unbalanced scopes: %ld more ENTERs than LEAVEs\n",
1058 (long)PL_scopestack_ix);
1059 if (PL_savestack_ix != 0)
1060 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
1061 "Unbalanced saves: %ld more saves than restores\n",
1062 (long)PL_savestack_ix);
1063 if (PL_tmps_floor != -1)
1064 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Unbalanced tmps: %ld more allocs than frees\n",
1065 (long)PL_tmps_floor + 1);
1066 if (cxstack_ix != -1)
1067 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Unbalanced context: %ld more PUSHes than POPs\n",
1068 (long)cxstack_ix + 1);
1071 /* Now absolutely destruct everything, somehow or other, loops or no. */
1072 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) |= SVTYPEMASK; /* don't clean out pid table now */
1073 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) |= SVTYPEMASK; /* don't clean out strtab now */
1075 /* the 2 is for PL_fdpid and PL_strtab */
1076 while (PL_sv_count > 2 && sv_clean_all())
1079 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) &= ~SVTYPEMASK;
1080 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) |= SVt_PVAV;
1081 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) &= ~SVTYPEMASK;
1082 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) |= SVt_PVHV;
1084 AvREAL_off(PL_fdpid); /* no surviving entries */
1085 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_fdpid); /* needed in io_close() */
1088 #ifdef HAVE_INTERP_INTERN
1092 /* Destruct the global string table. */
1094 /* Yell and reset the HeVAL() slots that are still holding refcounts,
1095 * so that sv_free() won't fail on them.
1096 * Now that the global string table is using a single hunk of memory
1097 * for both HE and HEK, we either need to explicitly unshare it the
1098 * correct way, or actually free things here.
1101 const I32 max = HvMAX(PL_strtab);
1102 HE * const * const array = HvARRAY(PL_strtab);
1103 HE *hent = array[0];
1106 if (hent && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL)) {
1107 HE * const next = HeNEXT(hent);
1108 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
1109 "Unbalanced string table refcount: (%ld) for \"%s\"",
1110 (long)hent->he_valu.hent_refcount, HeKEY(hent));
1117 hent = array[riter];
1122 HvARRAY(PL_strtab) = 0;
1123 HvTOTALKEYS(PL_strtab) = 0;
1124 HvFILL(PL_strtab) = 0;
1126 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_strtab);
1129 /* free the pointer tables used for cloning */
1130 ptr_table_free(PL_ptr_table);
1131 PL_ptr_table = (PTR_TBL_t*)NULL;
1134 /* free special SVs */
1136 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_yes) = 0;
1137 sv_clear(&PL_sv_yes);
1138 SvANY(&PL_sv_yes) = NULL;
1139 SvFLAGS(&PL_sv_yes) = 0;
1141 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_no) = 0;
1142 sv_clear(&PL_sv_no);
1143 SvANY(&PL_sv_no) = NULL;
1144 SvFLAGS(&PL_sv_no) = 0;
1148 for (i=0; i<=2; i++) {
1149 SvREFCNT(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = 0;
1150 sv_clear(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i));
1151 SvANY(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = NULL;
1152 SvFLAGS(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = 0;
1156 if (PL_sv_count != 0 && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
1157 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Scalars leaked: %ld\n", (long)PL_sv_count);
1159 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS
1160 if (PL_sv_count != 0) {
1165 for (sva = PL_sv_arenaroot; sva; sva = (SV*)SvANY(sva)) {
1166 svend = &sva[SvREFCNT(sva)];
1167 for (sv = sva + 1; sv < svend; ++sv) {
1168 if (SvTYPE(sv) != SVTYPEMASK) {
1169 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "leaked: sv=0x%p"
1171 " refcnt=%"UVuf pTHX__FORMAT "\n"
1172 "\tallocated at %s:%d %s %s%s\n",
1173 sv, sv->sv_flags, sv->sv_refcnt pTHX__VALUE,
1174 sv->sv_debug_file ? sv->sv_debug_file : "(unknown)",
1176 sv->sv_debug_inpad ? "for" : "by",
1177 sv->sv_debug_optype ?
1178 PL_op_name[sv->sv_debug_optype]: "(none)",
1179 sv->sv_debug_cloned ? " (cloned)" : ""
1181 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
1182 Perl_dump_sv_child(aTHX_ sv);
1188 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
1192 /* Wait for up to 4 seconds for child to terminate.
1193 This seems to be the least effort way of timing out on reaping
1195 struct timeval waitfor = {4, 0};
1196 int sock = PL_dumper_fd;
1200 FD_SET(sock, &rset);
1201 select(sock + 1, &rset, NULL, NULL, &waitfor);
1202 waitpid(child, &status, WNOHANG);
1210 #if defined(PERLIO_LAYERS)
1211 /* No more IO - including error messages ! */
1212 PerlIO_cleanup(aTHX);
1215 /* sv_undef needs to stay immortal until after PerlIO_cleanup
1216 as currently layers use it rather than NULL as a marker
1217 for no arg - and will try and SvREFCNT_dec it.
1219 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_undef) = 0;
1220 SvREADONLY_off(&PL_sv_undef);
1222 Safefree(PL_origfilename);
1223 PL_origfilename = NULL;
1224 Safefree(PL_reg_start_tmp);
1225 PL_reg_start_tmp = (char**)NULL;
1226 PL_reg_start_tmpl = 0;
1227 Safefree(PL_reg_curpm);
1228 Safefree(PL_reg_poscache);
1229 free_tied_hv_pool();
1230 Safefree(PL_op_mask);
1231 Safefree(PL_psig_ptr);
1232 PL_psig_ptr = (SV**)NULL;
1233 Safefree(PL_psig_name);
1234 PL_psig_name = (SV**)NULL;
1235 Safefree(PL_bitcount);
1237 Safefree(PL_psig_pend);
1238 PL_psig_pend = (int*)NULL;
1241 PL_tainting = FALSE;
1242 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
1243 PL_hints = 0; /* Reset hints. Should hints be per-interpreter ? */
1246 DEBUG_P(debprofdump());
1248 #ifdef USE_REENTRANT_API
1249 Perl_reentrant_free(aTHX);
1254 /* As the absolutely last thing, free the non-arena SV for mess() */
1257 /* we know that type == SVt_PVMG */
1259 /* it could have accumulated taint magic */
1262 for (mg = SvMAGIC(PL_mess_sv); mg; mg = moremagic) {
1263 moremagic = mg->mg_moremagic;
1264 if (mg->mg_ptr && mg->mg_type != PERL_MAGIC_regex_global
1266 Safefree(mg->mg_ptr);
1270 /* we know that type >= SVt_PV */
1271 SvPV_free(PL_mess_sv);
1272 Safefree(SvANY(PL_mess_sv));
1273 Safefree(PL_mess_sv);
1280 =for apidoc perl_free
1282 Releases a Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
1290 #ifdef PERL_TRACK_MEMPOOL
1291 /* Emulate the PerlHost behaviour of free()ing all memory allocated in this
1292 thread at thread exit. */
1293 while(aTHXx->Imemory_debug_header.next != &(aTHXx->Imemory_debug_header))
1294 safesysfree(sTHX + (char *)(aTHXx->Imemory_debug_header.next));
1297 #if defined(WIN32) || defined(NETWARE)
1298 # if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS)
1301 void *host = nw_internal_host;
1303 void *host = w32_internal_host;
1305 PerlMem_free(aTHXx);
1307 nw_delete_internal_host(host);
1309 win32_delete_internal_host(host);
1313 PerlMem_free(aTHXx);
1316 PerlMem_free(aTHXx);
1320 #if defined(USE_5005THREADS) || defined(USE_ITHREADS)
1321 /* provide destructors to clean up the thread key when libperl is unloaded */
1322 #ifndef WIN32 /* handled during DLL_PROCESS_DETACH in win32/perllib.c */
1324 #if defined(__hpux) && __ux_version > 1020 && !defined(__GNUC__)
1325 #pragma fini "perl_fini"
1329 #if defined(__GNUC__)
1330 __attribute__((destructor))
1340 #endif /* THREADS */
1343 Perl_call_atexit(pTHX_ ATEXIT_t fn, void *ptr)
1346 Renew(PL_exitlist, PL_exitlistlen+1, PerlExitListEntry);
1347 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].fn = fn;
1348 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].ptr = ptr;
1352 #ifdef HAS_PROCSELFEXE
1353 /* This is a function so that we don't hold on to MAXPATHLEN
1354 bytes of stack longer than necessary
1357 S_procself_val(pTHX_ SV *sv, const char *arg0)
1359 char buf[MAXPATHLEN];
1360 int len = readlink(PROCSELFEXE_PATH, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);
1362 /* On Playstation2 Linux V1.0 (kernel 2.2.1) readlink(/proc/self/exe)
1363 includes a spurious NUL which will cause $^X to fail in system
1364 or backticks (this will prevent extensions from being built and
1365 many tests from working). readlink is not meant to add a NUL.
1366 Normal readlink works fine.
1368 if (len > 0 && buf[len-1] == '\0') {
1372 /* FreeBSD's implementation is acknowledged to be imperfect, sometimes
1373 returning the text "unknown" from the readlink rather than the path
1374 to the executable (or returning an error from the readlink). Any valid
1375 path has a '/' in it somewhere, so use that to validate the result.
1376 See http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/query-pr.cgi?pr=35703
1378 if (len > 0 && memchr(buf, '/', len)) {
1379 sv_setpvn(sv,buf,len);
1385 #endif /* HAS_PROCSELFEXE */
1388 S_set_caret_X(pTHX) {
1390 GV* tmpgv = gv_fetchpvs("\030", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV); /* $^X */
1392 #ifdef HAS_PROCSELFEXE
1393 S_procself_val(aTHX_ GvSV(tmpgv), PL_origargv[0]);
1396 sv_setpv(GvSVn(tmpgv), os2_execname(aTHX));
1398 sv_setpv(GvSVn(tmpgv),PL_origargv[0]);
1405 =for apidoc perl_parse
1407 Tells a Perl interpreter to parse a Perl script. See L<perlembed>.
1413 perl_parse(pTHXx_ XSINIT_t xsinit, int argc, char **argv, char **env)
1420 PERL_UNUSED_VAR(my_perl);
1422 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
1425 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "suidperl is no longer needed since the kernel can now execute\n\
1426 setuid perl scripts securely.\n");
1427 #endif /* IAMSUID */
1430 #if defined(USE_HASH_SEED) || defined(USE_HASH_SEED_EXPLICIT)
1431 /* [perl #22371] Algorimic Complexity Attack on Perl 5.6.1, 5.8.0
1432 * This MUST be done before any hash stores or fetches take place.
1433 * If you set PL_rehash_seed (and assumedly also PL_rehash_seed_set)
1434 * yourself, it is your responsibility to provide a good random seed!
1435 * You can also define PERL_HASH_SEED in compile time, see hv.h. */
1436 if (!PL_rehash_seed_set)
1437 PL_rehash_seed = get_hash_seed();
1439 const char * const s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_HASH_SEED_DEBUG");
1441 if (s && (atoi(s) == 1))
1442 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "HASH_SEED = %"UVuf"\n", PL_rehash_seed);
1444 #endif /* #if defined(USE_HASH_SEED) || defined(USE_HASH_SEED_EXPLICIT) */
1449 if (PL_origalen != 0) {
1450 PL_origalen = 1; /* don't use old PL_origalen if perl_parse() is called again */
1453 /* Set PL_origalen be the sum of the contiguous argv[]
1454 * elements plus the size of the env in case that it is
1455 * contiguous with the argv[]. This is used in mg.c:Perl_magic_set()
1456 * as the maximum modifiable length of $0. In the worst case
1457 * the area we are able to modify is limited to the size of
1458 * the original argv[0]. (See below for 'contiguous', though.)
1460 const char *s = NULL;
1463 ~(UV)(PTRSIZE == 4 ? 3 : PTRSIZE == 8 ? 7 : PTRSIZE == 16 ? 15 : 0);
1464 /* Do the mask check only if the args seem like aligned. */
1466 (mask < ~(UV)0) && ((PTR2UV(argv[0]) & mask) == PTR2UV(argv[0]));
1468 /* See if all the arguments are contiguous in memory. Note
1469 * that 'contiguous' is a loose term because some platforms
1470 * align the argv[] and the envp[]. If the arguments look
1471 * like non-aligned, assume that they are 'strictly' or
1472 * 'traditionally' contiguous. If the arguments look like
1473 * aligned, we just check that they are within aligned
1474 * PTRSIZE bytes. As long as no system has something bizarre
1475 * like the argv[] interleaved with some other data, we are
1476 * fine. (Did I just evoke Murphy's Law?) --jhi */
1477 if (PL_origargv && PL_origargc >= 1 && (s = PL_origargv[0])) {
1479 for (i = 1; i < PL_origargc; i++) {
1480 if ((PL_origargv[i] == s + 1
1482 || PL_origargv[i] == s + 2
1487 (PL_origargv[i] > s &&
1489 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1499 /* Can we grab env area too to be used as the area for $0? */
1500 if (s && PL_origenviron) {
1501 if ((PL_origenviron[0] == s + 1
1503 || (PL_origenviron[0] == s + 9 && (s += 8))
1508 (PL_origenviron[0] > s &&
1509 PL_origenviron[0] <=
1510 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1514 s = PL_origenviron[0];
1517 my_setenv("NoNe SuCh", NULL);
1518 /* Force copy of environment. */
1519 for (i = 1; PL_origenviron[i]; i++) {
1520 if (PL_origenviron[i] == s + 1
1523 (PL_origenviron[i] > s &&
1524 PL_origenviron[i] <=
1525 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1528 s = PL_origenviron[i];
1536 PL_origalen = s ? s - PL_origargv[0] + 1 : 0;
1541 /* Come here if running an undumped a.out. */
1543 PL_origfilename = savepv(argv[0]);
1544 PL_do_undump = FALSE;
1545 cxstack_ix = -1; /* start label stack again */
1547 assert (!PL_tainted);
1549 S_set_caret_X(aTHX);
1551 init_postdump_symbols(argc,argv,env);
1556 op_free(PL_main_root);
1557 PL_main_root = Nullop;
1559 PL_main_start = Nullop;
1560 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_main_cv);
1564 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
1565 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_OFF;
1570 parse_body(env,xsinit);
1572 call_list(oldscope, PL_checkav);
1579 /* my_exit() was called */
1580 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
1583 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
1585 call_list(oldscope, PL_checkav);
1589 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: top_env\n");
1598 S_parse_body(pTHX_ char **env, XSINIT_t xsinit)
1601 int argc = PL_origargc;
1602 char **argv = PL_origargv;
1603 const char *scriptname = NULL;
1604 VOL bool dosearch = FALSE;
1605 const char *validarg = "";
1608 const char *cddir = NULL;
1609 #ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
1610 bool minus_f = FALSE;
1613 sv_setpvn(PL_linestr,"",0);
1614 sv = newSVpvs(""); /* first used for -I flags */
1618 for (argc--,argv++; argc > 0; argc--,argv++) {
1619 if (argv[0][0] != '-' || !argv[0][1])
1623 validarg = " PHOOEY ";
1627 * Can we rely on the kernel to start scripts with argv[1] set to
1628 * contain all #! line switches (the whole line)? (argv[0] is set to
1629 * the interpreter name, argv[2] to the script name; argv[3] and
1630 * above may contain other arguments.)
1637 #ifndef PERL_STRICT_CR
1662 if ((s = moreswitches(s)))
1667 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('t');
1668 if( !PL_tainting ) {
1669 PL_taint_warn = TRUE;
1675 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('T');
1677 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
1685 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1686 /* ignore -e for Dev:Pseudo argument */
1687 if (argv[1] && !strcmp(argv[1], "Dev:Pseudo"))
1690 forbid_setid('e', -1);
1692 PL_e_script = newSVpvs("");
1693 filter_add(read_e_script, NULL);
1696 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, s);
1698 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, argv[1]);
1702 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No code specified for -%c", *s);
1703 sv_catpvs(PL_e_script, "\n");
1707 #ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
1713 case 'I': /* -I handled both here and in moreswitches() */
1714 forbid_setid('I', -1);
1715 if (!*++s && (s=argv[1]) != NULL) {
1719 STRLEN len = strlen(s);
1720 const char * const p = savepvn(s, len);
1721 incpush(p, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE, FALSE);
1722 sv_catpvs(sv, "-I");
1723 sv_catpvn(sv, p, len);
1728 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No directory specified for -I");
1731 forbid_setid('P', -1);
1732 PL_preprocess = TRUE;
1736 forbid_setid('S', -1);
1745 PL_preambleav = newAV();
1746 av_push(PL_preambleav,
1747 newSVpvs("use Config;"));
1751 opts_prog = newSVpvs("print Config::myconfig(),");
1753 sv_catpvs(opts_prog,"\"\\nCharacteristics of this PERLSHR image: \\n\",");
1755 sv_catpvs(opts_prog,"\"\\nCharacteristics of this binary (from libperl): \\n\",");
1757 opts = SvCUR(opts_prog);
1759 Perl_sv_catpv(aTHX_ opts_prog,"\" Compile-time options:"
1763 # ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS
1764 " DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS"
1766 # ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
1767 " DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP"
1769 # ifdef FAKE_THREADS
1772 # ifdef MULTIPLICITY
1781 # ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
1782 " PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV"
1784 # ifdef PERL_GLOBAL_STRUCT
1785 " PERL_GLOBAL_STRUCT"
1787 # ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
1788 " PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT"
1790 # ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
1791 " PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS"
1793 # ifdef PERL_MALLOC_WRAP
1796 # ifdef PERL_NEED_APPCTX
1799 # ifdef PERL_NEED_TIMESBASE
1800 " PERL_NEED_TIMESBASE"
1802 # ifdef PERL_OLD_COPY_ON_WRITE
1803 " PERL_OLD_COPY_ON_WRITE"
1805 # ifdef PERL_TRACK_MEMPOOL
1806 " PERL_TRACK_MEMPOOL"
1808 # ifdef PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV
1809 " PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV"
1811 #ifdef PERL_USES_PL_PIDSTATUS
1812 " PERL_USES_PL_PIDSTATUS"
1814 # ifdef PL_OP_SLAB_ALLOC
1817 # ifdef THREADS_HAVE_PIDS
1818 " THREADS_HAVE_PIDS"
1820 # ifdef USE_5005THREADS
1823 # ifdef USE_64_BIT_ALL
1826 # ifdef USE_64_BIT_INT
1829 # ifdef USE_ITHREADS
1832 # ifdef USE_LARGE_FILES
1835 # ifdef USE_LONG_DOUBLE
1841 # ifdef USE_REENTRANT_API
1842 " USE_REENTRANT_API"
1847 # ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
1848 " USE_SITECUSTOMIZE"
1855 while (SvCUR(opts_prog) > opts+76) {
1856 /* find last space after "options: " and before col 76
1860 char * const pv = SvPV_nolen(opts_prog);
1861 const char c = pv[opts+76];
1863 space = strrchr(pv+opts+26, ' ');
1865 if (!space) break; /* "Can't happen" */
1867 /* break the line before that space */
1870 Perl_sv_insert(aTHX_ opts_prog, opts, 0,
1871 STR_WITH_LEN("\\n "));
1874 sv_catpvs(opts_prog,"\\n\",");
1876 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
1877 if (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT > 0) {
1879 sv_catpvs(opts_prog,
1880 "\" Locally applied patches:\\n\",");
1881 for (i = 1; i <= LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT; i++) {
1882 if (PL_localpatches[i])
1883 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ opts_prog,"q%c\t%s\n%c,",
1884 0, PL_localpatches[i], 0);
1888 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ opts_prog,
1889 "\" Built under %s\\n\"",OSNAME);
1892 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ opts_prog,
1893 ",\" Compiled at %s %s\\n\"",__DATE__,
1896 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ opts_prog,",\" Compiled on %s\\n\"",
1900 sv_catpvs(opts_prog, "; $\"=\"\\n \"; "
1901 "@env = map { \"$_=\\\"$ENV{$_}\\\"\" } "
1902 "sort grep {/^PERL/} keys %ENV; ");
1904 sv_catpvs(opts_prog,
1905 "push @env, \"CYGWIN=\\\"$ENV{CYGWIN}\\\"\";");
1907 sv_catpvs(opts_prog,
1908 "print \" \\%ENV:\\n @env\\n\" if @env;"
1909 "print \" \\@INC:\\n @INC\\n\";");
1913 opts_prog = Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_
1914 "Config::config_vars(qw%c%s%c)",
1918 av_push(PL_preambleav, opts_prog);
1919 /* don't look for script or read stdin */
1920 scriptname = BIT_BUCKET;
1924 PL_doextract = TRUE;
1932 if (!*++s || isSPACE(*s)) {
1936 /* catch use of gnu style long options */
1937 if (strEQ(s, "version")) {
1941 if (strEQ(s, "help")) {
1948 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Unrecognized switch: -%s (-h will show valid options)",s);
1954 #ifndef SECURE_INTERNAL_GETENV
1957 (s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL5OPT")))
1959 const char *popt = s;
1962 if (*s == '-' && *(s+1) == 'T') {
1963 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('T');
1965 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
1968 char *popt_copy = NULL;
1981 if (!strchr("CDIMUdmtwA", *s))
1982 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Illegal switch in PERL5OPT: -%c", *s);
1986 popt_copy = SvPVX(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(popt,0)));
1987 s = popt_copy + (s - popt);
1988 d = popt_copy + (d - popt);
1995 if( !PL_tainting ) {
1996 PL_taint_warn = TRUE;
2006 #ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
2009 PL_preambleav = newAV();
2010 av_unshift(PL_preambleav, 1);
2011 (void)av_store(PL_preambleav, 0, Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "BEGIN { do '%s/sitecustomize.pl' }", SITELIB_EXP));
2015 if (PL_taint_warn && PL_dowarn != G_WARN_ALL_OFF) {
2016 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = newSVpvn(WARN_TAINTstring, WARNsize);
2020 scriptname = argv[0];
2023 scriptname = BIT_BUCKET; /* don't look for script or read stdin */
2025 else if (scriptname == NULL) {
2027 if ( PerlLIO_isatty(PerlIO_fileno(PerlIO_stdin())) )
2033 /* Set $^X early so that it can be used for relocatable paths in @INC */
2034 assert (!PL_tainted);
2036 S_set_caret_X(aTHX);
2043 = open_script(scriptname, dosearch, sv, &suidscript);
2045 validate_suid(validarg, scriptname, fdscript, suidscript);
2048 # if defined(SIGCHLD) || defined(SIGCLD)
2051 # define SIGCHLD SIGCLD
2053 Sighandler_t sigstate = rsignal_state(SIGCHLD);
2054 if (sigstate == (Sighandler_t) SIG_IGN) {
2055 if (ckWARN(WARN_SIGNAL))
2056 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_SIGNAL),
2057 "Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default");
2058 (void)rsignal(SIGCHLD, (Sighandler_t)SIG_DFL);
2065 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2066 || gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract
2070 /* This will croak if suidscript is >= 0, as -x cannot be used with
2072 forbid_setid('x', suidscript);
2073 /* Hence you can't get here if suidscript >= 0 */
2076 if (cddir && PerlDir_chdir( (char *)cddir ) < 0)
2077 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't chdir to %s",cddir);
2081 PL_main_cv = PL_compcv = (CV*)newSV(0);
2082 sv_upgrade((SV *)PL_compcv, SVt_PVCV);
2083 CvUNIQUE_on(PL_compcv);
2085 CvPADLIST(PL_compcv) = pad_new(0);
2086 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
2087 CvOWNER(PL_compcv) = 0;
2088 Newx(CvMUTEXP(PL_compcv), 1, perl_mutex);
2089 MUTEX_INIT(CvMUTEXP(PL_compcv));
2090 #endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
2093 boot_core_UNIVERSAL();
2094 boot_core_xsutils();
2097 (*xsinit)(aTHX); /* in case linked C routines want magical variables */
2099 #if defined(VMS) || defined(WIN32) || defined(DJGPP) || defined(__CYGWIN__) || defined(EPOC) || defined(SYMBIAN)
2105 # ifdef HAS_SOCKS5_INIT
2106 socks5_init(argv[0]);
2112 init_predump_symbols();
2113 /* init_postdump_symbols not currently designed to be called */
2114 /* more than once (ENV isn't cleared first, for example) */
2115 /* But running with -u leaves %ENV & @ARGV undefined! XXX */
2117 init_postdump_symbols(argc,argv,env);
2119 /* PL_unicode is turned on by -C, or by $ENV{PERL_UNICODE},
2120 * or explicitly in some platforms.
2121 * locale.c:Perl_init_i18nl10n() if the environment
2122 * look like the user wants to use UTF-8. */
2123 #if defined(__SYMBIAN32__)
2124 PL_unicode = PERL_UNICODE_STD_FLAG; /* See PERL_SYMBIAN_CONSOLE_UTF8. */
2127 /* Requires init_predump_symbols(). */
2128 if (!(PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_LOCALE_FLAG) || PL_utf8locale) {
2133 /* Turn on UTF-8-ness on STDIN, STDOUT, STDERR
2134 * and the default open disciplines. */
2135 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDIN_FLAG) &&
2136 PL_stdingv && (io = GvIO(PL_stdingv)) &&
2138 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
2139 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDOUT_FLAG) &&
2140 PL_defoutgv && (io = GvIO(PL_defoutgv)) &&
2142 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
2143 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDERR_FLAG) &&
2144 PL_stderrgv && (io = GvIO(PL_stderrgv)) &&
2146 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
2147 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_INOUT_FLAG) &&
2148 (sv = GvSV(gv_fetchpvs("\017PEN", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL,
2150 U32 in = PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_IN_FLAG;
2151 U32 out = PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_OUT_FLAG;
2154 sv_setpvn(sv, ":utf8\0:utf8", 11);
2156 sv_setpvn(sv, ":utf8\0", 6);
2159 sv_setpvn(sv, "\0:utf8", 6);
2165 if ((s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_SIGNALS"))) {
2166 if (strEQ(s, "unsafe"))
2167 PL_signals |= PERL_SIGNALS_UNSAFE_FLAG;
2168 else if (strEQ(s, "safe"))
2169 PL_signals &= ~PERL_SIGNALS_UNSAFE_FLAG;
2171 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "PERL_SIGNALS illegal: \"%s\"", s);
2176 /* now parse the script */
2178 SETERRNO(0,SS_NORMAL);
2180 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2181 if (gMacPerl_SyntaxError = (yyparse() || PL_error_count)) {
2183 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s had compilation errors.\n", MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
2185 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Execution of %s aborted due to compilation errors.\n",
2186 MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
2190 if (yyparse() || PL_error_count) {
2192 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s had compilation errors.\n", PL_origfilename);
2194 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Execution of %s aborted due to compilation errors.\n",
2199 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, 0);
2200 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2201 PL_preprocess = FALSE;
2203 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
2211 SAVECOPFILE(PL_curcop);
2212 SAVECOPLINE(PL_curcop);
2213 gv_check(PL_defstash);
2220 if ((s=PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS")) && atoi(s) >= 2)
2221 dump_mstats("after compilation:");
2230 =for apidoc perl_run
2232 Tells a Perl interpreter to run. See L<perlembed>.
2245 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(my_perl);
2247 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
2255 cxstack_ix = -1; /* start context stack again */
2257 case 0: /* normal completion */
2261 case 2: /* my_exit() */
2262 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
2265 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2266 if (!(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_DESTRUCT_END) &&
2267 PL_endav && !PL_minus_c)
2268 call_list(oldscope, PL_endav);
2270 if (PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS"))
2271 dump_mstats("after execution: ");
2277 POPSTACK_TO(PL_mainstack);
2280 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: restartop\n");
2292 S_run_body(pTHX_ I32 oldscope)
2295 DEBUG_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "%s $` $& $' support.\n",
2296 PL_sawampersand ? "Enabling" : "Omitting"));
2298 if (!PL_restartop) {
2299 DEBUG_x(dump_all());
2302 PERL_DEBUG(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "\nEXECUTING...\n\n"));
2304 DEBUG_S(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "main thread is 0x%"UVxf"\n",
2308 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2309 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "%s%s syntax OK\n",
2310 (gMacPerl_ErrorFormat ? "# " : ""),
2311 MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
2313 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "%s syntax OK\n", PL_origfilename);
2317 if (PERLDB_SINGLE && PL_DBsingle)
2318 sv_setiv(PL_DBsingle, 1);
2320 call_list(oldscope, PL_initav);
2326 PL_op = PL_restartop;
2330 else if (PL_main_start) {
2331 CvDEPTH(PL_main_cv) = 1;
2332 PL_op = PL_main_start;
2340 =head1 SV Manipulation Functions
2342 =for apidoc p||get_sv
2344 Returns the SV of the specified Perl scalar. If C<create> is set and the
2345 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
2346 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
2352 Perl_get_sv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
2355 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
2356 if (name[1] == '\0' && !isALPHA(name[0])) {
2357 PADOFFSET tmp = find_threadsv(name);
2358 if (tmp != NOT_IN_PAD)
2359 return THREADSV(tmp);
2361 #endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
2362 gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PV);
2369 =head1 Array Manipulation Functions
2371 =for apidoc p||get_av
2373 Returns the AV of the specified Perl array. If C<create> is set and the
2374 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
2375 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
2381 Perl_get_av(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
2383 GV* const gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVAV);
2392 =head1 Hash Manipulation Functions
2394 =for apidoc p||get_hv
2396 Returns the HV of the specified Perl hash. If C<create> is set and the
2397 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
2398 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
2404 Perl_get_hv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
2406 GV* const gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVHV);
2415 =head1 CV Manipulation Functions
2417 =for apidoc p||get_cv
2419 Returns the CV of the specified Perl subroutine. If C<create> is set and
2420 the Perl subroutine does not exist then it will be declared (which has the
2421 same effect as saying C<sub name;>). If C<create> is not set and the
2422 subroutine does not exist then NULL is returned.
2428 Perl_get_cv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
2430 GV* const gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVCV);
2431 /* XXX unsafe for threads if eval_owner isn't held */
2432 /* XXX this is probably not what they think they're getting.
2433 * It has the same effect as "sub name;", i.e. just a forward
2435 if (create && !GvCVu(gv))
2436 return newSUB(start_subparse(FALSE, 0),
2437 newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSVpv(name,0)),
2445 /* Be sure to refetch the stack pointer after calling these routines. */
2449 =head1 Callback Functions
2451 =for apidoc p||call_argv
2453 Performs a callback to the specified Perl sub. See L<perlcall>.
2459 Perl_call_argv(pTHX_ const char *sub_name, I32 flags, register char **argv)
2461 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2462 /* null terminated arg list */
2470 XPUSHs(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(*argv,0)));
2475 return call_pv(sub_name, flags);
2479 =for apidoc p||call_pv
2481 Performs a callback to the specified Perl sub. See L<perlcall>.
2487 Perl_call_pv(pTHX_ const char *sub_name, I32 flags)
2488 /* name of the subroutine */
2489 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2491 return call_sv((SV*)get_cv(sub_name, TRUE), flags);
2495 =for apidoc p||call_method
2497 Performs a callback to the specified Perl method. The blessed object must
2498 be on the stack. See L<perlcall>.
2504 Perl_call_method(pTHX_ const char *methname, I32 flags)
2505 /* name of the subroutine */
2506 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2508 return call_sv(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(methname,0)), flags | G_METHOD);
2511 /* May be called with any of a CV, a GV, or an SV containing the name. */
2513 =for apidoc p||call_sv
2515 Performs a callback to the Perl sub whose name is in the SV. See
2522 Perl_call_sv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
2523 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2526 LOGOP myop; /* fake syntax tree node */
2529 volatile I32 retval = 0;
2531 bool oldcatch = CATCH_GET;
2533 OP* const oldop = PL_op;
2536 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2541 Zero(&myop, 1, LOGOP);
2542 myop.op_next = Nullop;
2543 if (!(flags & G_NOARGS))
2544 myop.op_flags |= OPf_STACKED;
2545 myop.op_flags |= ((flags & G_VOID) ? OPf_WANT_VOID :
2546 (flags & G_ARRAY) ? OPf_WANT_LIST :
2551 EXTEND(PL_stack_sp, 1);
2552 *++PL_stack_sp = sv;
2554 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
2556 if (PERLDB_SUB && PL_curstash != PL_debstash
2557 /* Handle first BEGIN of -d. */
2558 && (PL_DBcv || (PL_DBcv = GvCV(PL_DBsub)))
2559 /* Try harder, since this may have been a sighandler, thus
2560 * curstash may be meaningless. */
2561 && (SvTYPE(sv) != SVt_PVCV || CvSTASH((CV*)sv) != PL_debstash)
2562 && !(flags & G_NODEBUG))
2563 PL_op->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_DB;
2565 if (flags & G_METHOD) {
2566 Zero(&method_op, 1, UNOP);
2567 method_op.op_next = PL_op;
2568 method_op.op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_METHOD];
2569 myop.op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_ENTERSUB];
2570 PL_op = (OP*)&method_op;
2573 if (!(flags & G_EVAL)) {
2575 call_body((OP*)&myop, FALSE);
2576 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2577 CATCH_SET(oldcatch);
2580 myop.op_other = (OP*)&myop;
2582 /* we're trying to emulate pp_entertry() here */
2584 register PERL_CONTEXT *cx;
2585 const I32 gimme = GIMME_V;
2590 PUSHBLOCK(cx, (CXt_EVAL|CXp_TRYBLOCK), PL_stack_sp);
2592 PL_eval_root = PL_op; /* Only needed so that goto works right. */
2594 PL_in_eval = EVAL_INEVAL;
2595 if (flags & G_KEEPERR)
2596 PL_in_eval |= EVAL_KEEPERR;
2598 sv_setpvn(ERRSV,"",0);
2606 call_body((OP*)&myop, FALSE);
2607 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2608 if (!(flags & G_KEEPERR))
2609 sv_setpvn(ERRSV,"",0);
2615 /* my_exit() was called */
2616 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2619 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED))
2620 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Callback called exit");
2625 PL_op = PL_restartop;
2629 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2630 if (flags & G_ARRAY)
2634 *++PL_stack_sp = &PL_sv_undef;
2639 if (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope) {
2643 register PERL_CONTEXT *cx;
2650 PERL_UNUSED_VAR(newsp);
2651 PERL_UNUSED_VAR(gimme);
2652 PERL_UNUSED_VAR(optype);
2657 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2658 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2668 S_call_body(pTHX_ const OP *myop, bool is_eval)
2671 if (PL_op == myop) {
2673 PL_op = Perl_pp_entereval(aTHX); /* this doesn't do a POPMARK */
2675 PL_op = Perl_pp_entersub(aTHX); /* this does */
2681 /* Eval a string. The G_EVAL flag is always assumed. */
2684 =for apidoc p||eval_sv
2686 Tells Perl to C<eval> the string in the SV.
2692 Perl_eval_sv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
2694 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2698 UNOP myop; /* fake syntax tree node */
2699 volatile I32 oldmark = SP - PL_stack_base;
2700 volatile I32 retval = 0;
2702 OP* const oldop = PL_op;
2705 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2712 Zero(PL_op, 1, UNOP);
2713 EXTEND(PL_stack_sp, 1);
2714 *++PL_stack_sp = sv;
2716 if (!(flags & G_NOARGS))
2717 myop.op_flags = OPf_STACKED;
2718 myop.op_next = Nullop;
2719 myop.op_type = OP_ENTEREVAL;
2720 myop.op_flags |= ((flags & G_VOID) ? OPf_WANT_VOID :
2721 (flags & G_ARRAY) ? OPf_WANT_LIST :
2723 if (flags & G_KEEPERR)
2724 myop.op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL;
2726 /* fail now; otherwise we could fail after the JMPENV_PUSH but
2727 * before a PUSHEVAL, which corrupts the stack after a croak */
2728 TAINT_PROPER("eval_sv()");
2734 call_body((OP*)&myop,TRUE);
2735 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2736 if (!(flags & G_KEEPERR))
2737 sv_setpvn(ERRSV,"",0);
2743 /* my_exit() was called */
2744 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2747 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED))
2748 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Callback called exit");
2753 PL_op = PL_restartop;
2757 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2758 if (flags & G_ARRAY)
2762 *++PL_stack_sp = &PL_sv_undef;
2768 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2769 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2779 =for apidoc p||eval_pv
2781 Tells Perl to C<eval> the given string and return an SV* result.
2787 Perl_eval_pv(pTHX_ const char *p, I32 croak_on_error)
2791 SV* sv = newSVpv(p, 0);
2793 eval_sv(sv, G_SCALAR);
2800 if (croak_on_error && SvTRUE(ERRSV)) {
2801 Perl_croak(aTHX_ SvPVx_nolen_const(ERRSV));
2807 /* Require a module. */
2810 =head1 Embedding Functions
2812 =for apidoc p||require_pv
2814 Tells Perl to C<require> the file named by the string argument. It is
2815 analogous to the Perl code C<eval "require '$file'">. It's even
2816 implemented that way; consider using load_module instead.
2821 Perl_require_pv(pTHX_ const char *pv)
2826 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_REQUIRE);
2828 sv = Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "require q%c%s%c", 0, pv, 0);
2829 eval_sv(sv_2mortal(sv), G_DISCARD);
2835 Perl_magicname(pTHX_ const char *sym, const char *name, I32 namlen)
2837 register GV * const gv = gv_fetchpv(sym, GV_ADD, SVt_PV);
2840 sv_magic(GvSV(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, namlen);
2844 S_usage(pTHX_ const char *name) /* XXX move this out into a module ? */
2846 /* This message really ought to be max 23 lines.
2847 * Removed -h because the user already knows that option. Others? */
2849 static const char * const usage_msg[] = {
2850 "-0[octal] specify record separator (\\0, if no argument)",
2851 "-A[mod][=pattern] activate all/given assertions",
2852 "-a autosplit mode with -n or -p (splits $_ into @F)",
2853 "-C[number/list] enables the listed Unicode features",
2854 "-c check syntax only (runs BEGIN and CHECK blocks)",
2855 "-d[:debugger] run program under debugger",
2856 "-D[number/list] set debugging flags (argument is a bit mask or alphabets)",
2857 "-e program one line of program (several -e's allowed, omit programfile)",
2858 "-E program like -e, but enables all optional features",
2859 "-f don't do $sitelib/sitecustomize.pl at startup",
2860 "-F/pattern/ split() pattern for -a switch (//'s are optional)",
2861 "-i[extension] edit <> files in place (makes backup if extension supplied)",
2862 "-Idirectory specify @INC/#include directory (several -I's allowed)",
2863 "-l[octal] enable line ending processing, specifies line terminator",
2864 "-[mM][-]module execute \"use/no module...\" before executing program",
2865 "-n assume \"while (<>) { ... }\" loop around program",
2866 "-p assume loop like -n but print line also, like sed",
2867 "-P run program through C preprocessor before compilation",
2868 "-s enable rudimentary parsing for switches after programfile",
2869 "-S look for programfile using PATH environment variable",
2870 "-t enable tainting warnings",
2871 "-T enable tainting checks",
2872 "-u dump core after parsing program",
2873 "-U allow unsafe operations",
2874 "-v print version, subversion (includes VERY IMPORTANT perl info)",
2875 "-V[:variable] print configuration summary (or a single Config.pm variable)",
2876 "-w enable many useful warnings (RECOMMENDED)",
2877 "-W enable all warnings",
2878 "-x[directory] strip off text before #!perl line and perhaps cd to directory",
2879 "-X disable all warnings",
2883 const char * const *p = usage_msg;
2885 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2886 "\nUsage: %s [switches] [--] [programfile] [arguments]",
2889 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(), "\n %s", *p++);
2892 /* convert a string of -D options (or digits) into an int.
2893 * sets *s to point to the char after the options */
2897 Perl_get_debug_opts(pTHX_ const char **s, bool givehelp)
2899 static const char * const usage_msgd[] = {
2900 " Debugging flag values: (see also -d)",
2901 " p Tokenizing and parsing (with v, displays parse stack)",
2902 " s Stack snapshots (with v, displays all stacks)",
2903 " l Context (loop) stack processing",
2904 " t Trace execution",
2905 " o Method and overloading resolution",
2906 " c String/numeric conversions",
2907 " P Print profiling info, preprocessor command for -P, source file input state",
2908 " m Memory allocation",
2909 " f Format processing",
2910 " r Regular expression parsing and execution",
2911 " x Syntax tree dump",
2912 " u Tainting checks",
2913 " H Hash dump -- usurps values()",
2914 " X Scratchpad allocation",
2916 " S Thread synchronization",
2918 " R Include reference counts of dumped variables (eg when using -Ds)",
2919 " J Do not s,t,P-debug (Jump over) opcodes within package DB",
2920 " v Verbose: use in conjunction with other flags",
2922 " A Consistency checks on internal structures",
2923 " q quiet - currently only suppresses the 'EXECUTING' message",
2928 /* if adding extra options, remember to update DEBUG_MASK */
2929 static const char debopts[] = "psltocPmfrxu HXDSTRJvCAq";
2931 for (; isALNUM(**s); (*s)++) {
2932 const char * const d = strchr(debopts,**s);
2934 i |= 1 << (d - debopts);
2935 else if (ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
2936 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
2937 "invalid option -D%c, use -D'' to see choices\n", **s);
2940 else if (isDIGIT(**s)) {
2942 for (; isALNUM(**s); (*s)++) ;
2944 else if (givehelp) {
2945 const char *const *p = usage_msgd;
2946 while (*p) PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(), "%s\n", *p++);
2949 if ((i & DEBUG_p_FLAG) && ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
2950 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
2951 "-Dp not implemented on this platform\n");
2957 /* This routine handles any switches that can be given during run */
2960 Perl_moreswitches(pTHX_ char *s)
2971 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rs);
2972 if (s[1] == 'x' && s[2]) {
2973 const char *e = s+=2;
2979 flags = PERL_SCAN_SILENT_ILLDIGIT;
2980 rschar = (U32)grok_hex(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
2981 if (s + numlen < e) {
2982 rschar = 0; /* Grandfather -0xFOO as -0 -xFOO. */
2986 PL_rs = newSVpvs("");
2987 SvGROW(PL_rs, (STRLEN)(UNISKIP(rschar) + 1));
2988 tmps = (U8*)SvPVX(PL_rs);
2989 uvchr_to_utf8(tmps, rschar);
2990 SvCUR_set(PL_rs, UNISKIP(rschar));
2995 rschar = (U32)grok_oct(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
2996 if (rschar & ~((U8)~0))
2997 PL_rs = &PL_sv_undef;
2998 else if (!rschar && numlen >= 2)
2999 PL_rs = newSVpvs("");
3001 char ch = (char)rschar;
3002 PL_rs = newSVpvn(&ch, 1);
3005 sv_setsv(get_sv("/", TRUE), PL_rs);
3010 PL_unicode = parse_unicode_opts( (const char **)&s );
3015 while (*s && !isSPACE(*s)) ++s;
3017 PL_splitstr = savepv(PL_splitstr);
3028 forbid_setid('d', -1);
3031 /* -dt indicates to the debugger that threads will be used */
3032 if (*s == 't' && !isALNUM(s[1])) {
3034 my_setenv("PERL5DB_THREADED", "1");
3037 /* The following permits -d:Mod to accepts arguments following an =
3038 in the fashion that -MSome::Mod does. */
3039 if (*s == ':' || *s == '=') {
3041 SV * const sv = newSVpvs("use Devel::");
3043 /* We now allow -d:Module=Foo,Bar */
3044 while(isALNUM(*s) || *s==':') ++s;
3046 sv_catpv(sv, start);
3048 sv_catpvn(sv, start, s-start);
3049 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ sv, " split(/,/,q%c%s%c)", 0, ++s, 0);
3052 my_setenv("PERL5DB", SvPV_nolen_const(sv));
3055 PL_perldb = PERLDB_ALL;
3062 forbid_setid('D', -1);
3064 PL_debug = get_debug_opts( (const char **)&s, 1) | DEBUG_TOP_FLAG;
3065 #else /* !DEBUGGING */
3066 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
3067 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
3068 "Recompile perl with -DDEBUGGING to use -D switch (did you mean -d ?)\n");
3069 for (s++; isALNUM(*s); s++) ;
3074 usage(PL_origargv[0]);
3077 Safefree(PL_inplace);
3078 #if defined(__CYGWIN__) /* do backup extension automagically */
3079 if (*(s+1) == '\0') {
3080 PL_inplace = savepvs(".bak");
3083 #endif /* __CYGWIN__ */
3084 PL_inplace = savepv(s+1);
3085 for (s = PL_inplace; *s && !isSPACE(*s); s++)
3089 if (*s == '-') /* Additional switches on #! line. */
3093 case 'I': /* -I handled both here and in parse_body() */
3094 forbid_setid('I', -1);
3096 while (*s && isSPACE(*s))
3101 /* ignore trailing spaces (possibly followed by other switches) */
3103 for (e = p; *e && !isSPACE(*e); e++) ;
3107 } while (*p && *p != '-');
3108 e = savepvn(s, e-s);
3109 incpush(e, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE, FALSE);
3116 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No directory specified for -I");
3122 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ors_sv);
3128 PL_ors_sv = newSVpvs("\n");
3129 numlen = 3 + (*s == '0');
3130 *SvPVX(PL_ors_sv) = (char)grok_oct(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
3134 if (RsPARA(PL_rs)) {
3135 PL_ors_sv = newSVpvs("\n\n");
3138 PL_ors_sv = newSVsv(PL_rs);
3143 forbid_setid('A', -1);
3145 PL_preambleav = newAV();
3148 char * const start = s;
3149 SV * const sv = newSVpvs("use assertions::activate");
3150 while(isALNUM(*s) || *s == ':') ++s;
3152 sv_catpvs(sv, "::");
3153 sv_catpvn(sv, start, s-start);
3156 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ sv, " split(/,/,q%c%s%c)", 0, ++s, 0);
3159 else if (*s != '\0') {
3160 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use '%c' after -A%.*s", *s, (int)(s-start), start);
3162 av_push(PL_preambleav, sv);
3166 forbid_setid('M', -1); /* XXX ? */
3169 forbid_setid('m', -1); /* XXX ? */
3173 const char *use = "use ";
3174 /* -M-foo == 'no foo' */
3175 /* Leading space on " no " is deliberate, to make both
3176 possibilities the same length. */
3177 if (*s == '-') { use = " no "; ++s; }
3178 sv = newSVpvn(use,4);
3180 /* We allow -M'Module qw(Foo Bar)' */
3181 while(isALNUM(*s) || *s==':') ++s;
3183 sv_catpv(sv, start);
3184 if (*(start-1) == 'm') {
3186 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use '%c' after -mname", *s);
3187 sv_catpvs( sv, " ()");
3191 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Module name required with -%c option",
3193 sv_catpvn(sv, start, s-start);
3194 sv_catpvs(sv, " split(/,/,q");
3195 sv_catpvs(sv, "\0"); /* Use NUL as q//-delimiter. */
3197 sv_catpvs(sv, "\0)");
3201 PL_preambleav = newAV();
3202 av_push(PL_preambleav, sv);
3205 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Missing argument to -%c", *(s-1));
3216 forbid_setid('s', -1);
3217 PL_doswitches = TRUE;
3231 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3232 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Believe me, you don't want to use \"-u\" on a Macintosh");
3234 PL_do_undump = TRUE;
3242 if (!sv_derived_from(PL_patchlevel, "version"))
3243 upg_version(PL_patchlevel);
3245 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3246 Perl_form(aTHX_ "\nThis is perl, %"SVf
3247 #ifdef PERL_PATCHNUM
3248 " DEVEL" STRINGIFY(PERL_PATCHNUM)
3251 vstringify(PL_patchlevel),
3254 /* Adjust verbose output as in the perl that ships with the DG/UX OS from EMC */
3255 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3256 Perl_form(aTHX_ "\nThis is perl, %"SVf"\n",
3257 vstringify(PL_patchlevel)));
3258 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3259 Perl_form(aTHX_ " built under %s at %s %s\n",
3260 OSNAME, __DATE__, __TIME__));
3261 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3262 Perl_form(aTHX_ " OS Specific Release: %s\n",
3266 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
3267 if (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT > 0)
3268 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3269 "\n(with %d registered patch%s, "
3270 "see perl -V for more detail)",
3271 (int)LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT,
3272 (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT!=1) ? "es" : "");
3275 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3276 "\n\nCopyright 1987-2006, Larry Wall\n");
3277 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3278 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3279 "\nMac OS port Copyright 1991-2002, Matthias Neeracher;\n"
3280 "maintained by Chris Nandor\n");
3283 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3284 "\nMS-DOS port Copyright (c) 1989, 1990, Diomidis Spinellis\n");
3287 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3288 "djgpp v2 port (jpl5003c) by Hirofumi Watanabe, 1996\n"
3289 "djgpp v2 port (perl5004+) by Laszlo Molnar, 1997-1999\n");
3292 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3293 "\n\nOS/2 port Copyright (c) 1990, 1991, Raymond Chen, Kai Uwe Rommel\n"
3294 "Version 5 port Copyright (c) 1994-2002, Andreas Kaiser, Ilya Zakharevich\n");
3297 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3298 "atariST series port, ++jrb bammi@cadence.com\n");
3301 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3302 "BeOS port Copyright Tom Spindler, 1997-1999\n");
3305 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3306 "MPE/iX port Copyright by Mark Klein and Mark Bixby, 1996-2003\n");
3309 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3310 "MVS (OS390) port by Mortice Kern Systems, 1997-1999\n");
3313 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3314 "Stratus VOS port by Paul.Green@stratus.com, 1997-2002\n");
3317 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3318 "VM/ESA port by Neale Ferguson, 1998-1999\n");
3321 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3322 "BS2000 (POSIX) port by Start Amadeus GmbH, 1998-1999\n");
3325 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3326 "MiNT port by Guido Flohr, 1997-1999\n");
3329 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3330 "EPOC port by Olaf Flebbe, 1999-2002\n");
3333 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),"WINCE port by Rainer Keuchel, 2001-2002\n");
3334 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),"Built on " __DATE__ " " __TIME__ "\n\n");
3337 #ifdef __SYMBIAN32__
3338 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3339 "Symbian port by Nokia, 2004-2005\n");
3341 #ifdef BINARY_BUILD_NOTICE
3342 BINARY_BUILD_NOTICE;
3344 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3346 Perl may be copied only under the terms of either the Artistic License or the\n\
3347 GNU General Public License, which may be found in the Perl 5 source kit.\n\n\
3348 Complete documentation for Perl, including FAQ lists, should be found on\n\
3349 this system using \"man perl\" or \"perldoc perl\". If you have access to the\n\
3350 Internet, point your browser at http://www.perl.org/, the Perl Home Page.\n\n");
3353 if (! (PL_dowarn & G_WARN_ALL_MASK))
3354 PL_dowarn |= G_WARN_ON;
3358 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_ALL_ON|G_WARN_ON;
3359 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
3360 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
3361 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = pWARN_ALL ;
3365 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_ALL_OFF;
3366 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
3367 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
3368 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = pWARN_NONE ;
3373 if (s[1] == '-') /* Additional switches on #! line. */
3378 #if defined(WIN32) || !defined(PERL_STRICT_CR)
3384 #ifdef ALTERNATE_SHEBANG
3385 case 'S': /* OS/2 needs -S on "extproc" line. */
3393 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't emulate -%.1s on #! line",s);
3398 /* compliments of Tom Christiansen */
3400 /* unexec() can be found in the Gnu emacs distribution */
3401 /* Known to work with -DUNEXEC and using unexelf.c from GNU emacs-20.2 */
3404 Perl_my_unexec(pTHX)
3412 prog = newSVpv(BIN_EXP, 0);
3413 sv_catpvs(prog, "/perl");
3414 file = newSVpv(PL_origfilename, 0);
3415 sv_catpvs(file, ".perldump");
3417 unexec(SvPVX(file), SvPVX(prog), &etext, sbrk(0), 0);
3418 /* unexec prints msg to stderr in case of failure */
3419 PerlProc_exit(status);
3422 # include <lib$routines.h>
3423 lib$signal(SS$_DEBUG); /* ssdef.h #included from vmsish.h */
3424 # elif defined(WIN32) || defined(__CYGWIN__)
3425 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "dump is not supported");
3427 ABORT(); /* for use with undump */
3432 /* initialize curinterp */
3438 # define PERLVAR(var,type)
3439 # define PERLVARA(var,n,type)
3440 # if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
3441 # if defined(USE_5005THREADS)
3442 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
3443 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
3444 # else /* !USE_5005THREADS */
3445 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) aTHX->var = init;
3446 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) aTHX->var = init;
3447 # endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
3449 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
3450 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
3452 # include "intrpvar.h"
3453 # ifndef USE_5005THREADS
3454 # include "thrdvar.h"
3461 # define PERLVAR(var,type)
3462 # define PERLVARA(var,n,type)
3463 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PL_##var = init;
3464 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PL_##var = init;
3465 # include "intrpvar.h"
3466 # ifndef USE_5005THREADS
3467 # include "thrdvar.h"
3478 S_init_main_stash(pTHX)
3483 PL_curstash = PL_defstash = newHV();
3484 /* We know that the string "main" will be in the global shared string
3485 table, so it's a small saving to use it rather than allocate another
3487 PL_curstname = newSVpvs_share("main");
3488 gv = gv_fetchpvs("main::", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVHV);
3489 /* If we hadn't caused another reference to "main" to be in the shared
3490 string table above, then it would be worth reordering these two,
3491 because otherwise all we do is delete "main" from it as a consequence
3492 of the SvREFCNT_dec, only to add it again with hv_name_set */
3493 SvREFCNT_dec(GvHV(gv));
3494 hv_name_set(PL_defstash, "main", 4, 0);
3495 GvHV(gv) = (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(PL_defstash);
3497 PL_incgv = gv_HVadd(gv_AVadd(gv_fetchpvs("INC", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL,
3499 SvREFCNT_inc(PL_incgv); /* Don't allow it to be freed */
3500 GvMULTI_on(PL_incgv);
3501 PL_hintgv = gv_fetchpvs("\010", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV); /* ^H */
3502 GvMULTI_on(PL_hintgv);
3503 PL_defgv = gv_fetchpvs("_", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVAV);
3504 SvREFCNT_inc(PL_defgv);
3505 PL_errgv = gv_HVadd(gv_fetchpvs("@", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV));
3506 SvREFCNT_inc(PL_errgv);
3507 GvMULTI_on(PL_errgv);
3508 PL_replgv = gv_fetchpvs("\022", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV); /* ^R */
3509 GvMULTI_on(PL_replgv);
3510 (void)Perl_form(aTHX_ "%240s",""); /* Preallocate temp - for immediate signals. */
3511 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
3514 sv_grow(ERRSV, 240); /* Preallocate - for immediate signals. */
3515 sv_setpvn(ERRSV, "", 0);
3516 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
3517 CopSTASH_set(&PL_compiling, PL_defstash);
3518 PL_debstash = GvHV(gv_fetchpvs("DB::", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
3519 PL_globalstash = GvHV(gv_fetchpvs("CORE::GLOBAL::", GV_ADDMULTI,
3521 /* We must init $/ before switches are processed. */
3522 sv_setpvn(get_sv("/", TRUE), "\n", 1);
3526 S_open_script(pTHX_ const char *scriptname, bool dosearch, SV *sv,
3532 const char *cpp_discard_flag;
3541 PL_origfilename = savepvs("-e");
3544 /* if find_script() returns, it returns a malloc()-ed value */
3545 scriptname = PL_origfilename = find_script(scriptname, dosearch, NULL, 1);
3547 if (strnEQ(scriptname, "/dev/fd/", 8) && isDIGIT(scriptname[8]) ) {
3548 const char *s = scriptname + 8;
3554 * Tell apart "normal" usage of fdscript, e.g.
3555 * with bash on FreeBSD:
3556 * perl <( echo '#!perl -DA'; echo 'print "$0\n"')
3557 * from usage in suidperl.
3558 * Does any "normal" usage leave garbage after the number???
3559 * Is it a mistake to use a similar /dev/fd/ construct for
3564 * Be supersafe and do some sanity-checks.
3565 * Still, can we be sure we got the right thing?
3568 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Wrong syntax (suid) fd script name \"%s\"\n", s);
3571 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Missing (suid) fd script name\n");
3573 scriptname = savepv(s + 1);
3574 Safefree(PL_origfilename);
3575 PL_origfilename = (char *)scriptname;
3580 CopFILE_free(PL_curcop);
3581 CopFILE_set(PL_curcop, PL_origfilename);
3582 if (*PL_origfilename == '-' && PL_origfilename[1] == '\0')
3583 scriptname = (char *)"";
3584 if (fdscript >= 0) {
3585 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_fdopen(fdscript,PERL_SCRIPT_MODE);
3586 # if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3588 /* ensure close-on-exec */
3589 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,1);
3594 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "sperl needs fd script\n"
3595 "You should not call sperl directly; do you need to "
3596 "change a #! line\nfrom sperl to perl?\n");
3599 * Do not open (or do other fancy stuff) while setuid.
3600 * Perl does the open, and hands script to suidperl on a fd;
3601 * suidperl only does some checks, sets up UIDs and re-execs
3602 * perl with that fd as it has always done.
3605 if (*suidscript != 1) {
3606 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "suidperl needs (suid) fd script\n");
3609 else if (PL_preprocess) {
3610 const char * const cpp_cfg = CPPSTDIN;
3611 SV * const cpp = newSVpvs("");
3612 SV * const cmd = newSV(0);
3614 if (cpp_cfg[0] == 0) /* PERL_MICRO? */
3615 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't run with cpp -P with CPPSTDIN undefined");
3616 if (strEQ(cpp_cfg, "cppstdin"))
3617 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ cpp, "%s/", BIN_EXP);
3618 sv_catpv(cpp, cpp_cfg);
3621 sv_catpvs(sv, "-I");
3622 sv_catpv(sv,PRIVLIB_EXP);
3625 DEBUG_P(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3626 "PL_preprocess: scriptname=\"%s\", cpp=\"%s\", sv=\"%s\", CPPMINUS=\"%s\"\n",
3627 scriptname, SvPVX_const (cpp), SvPVX_const (sv),
3630 # if defined(MSDOS) || defined(WIN32) || defined(VMS)
3637 cpp_discard_flag = "";
3639 cpp_discard_flag = "-C";
3643 perl = os2_execname(aTHX);
3645 perl = PL_origargv[0];
3649 /* This strips off Perl comments which might interfere with
3650 the C pre-processor, including #!. #line directives are
3651 deliberately stripped to avoid confusion with Perl's version
3652 of #line. FWP played some golf with it so it will fit
3653 into VMS's 255 character buffer.
3656 code = "(1../^#!.*perl/i)|/^\\s*#(?!\\s*((ifn?|un)def|(el|end)?if|define|include|else|error|pragma)\\b)/||!($|=1)||print";
3658 code = "/^\\s*#(?!\\s*((ifn?|un)def|(el|end)?if|define|include|else|error|pragma)\\b)/||!($|=1)||print";
3660 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ cmd, "\
3661 %s -ne%s%s%s %s | %"SVf" %s %"SVf" %s",
3662 perl, quote, code, quote, scriptname, cpp,
3663 cpp_discard_flag, sv, CPPMINUS);
3665 PL_doextract = FALSE;
3667 DEBUG_P(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3668 "PL_preprocess: cmd=\"%s\"\n",
3671 PL_rsfp = PerlProc_popen((char *)SvPVX_const(cmd), (char *)"r");
3675 else if (!*scriptname) {
3676 forbid_setid(0, *suidscript);
3677 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_stdin();
3680 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_open(scriptname,PERL_SCRIPT_MODE);
3681 # if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3683 /* ensure close-on-exec */
3684 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,1);
3687 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3689 /* PSz 16 Sep 03 Keep neat error message */
3691 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't open "BIT_BUCKET": %s\n", Strerror(errno));
3693 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't open perl script \"%s\": %s\n",
3694 CopFILE(PL_curcop), Strerror(errno));
3700 * I_SYSSTATVFS HAS_FSTATVFS
3702 * I_STATFS HAS_FSTATFS HAS_GETFSSTAT
3703 * I_MNTENT HAS_GETMNTENT HAS_HASMNTOPT
3704 * here so that metaconfig picks them up. */
3708 S_fd_on_nosuid_fs(pTHX_ int fd)
3711 * We used to do this as "plain" user (after swapping UIDs with setreuid);
3712 * but is needed also on machines without setreuid.
3713 * Seems safe enough to run as root.
3715 int check_okay = 0; /* able to do all the required sys/libcalls */
3716 int on_nosuid = 0; /* the fd is on a nosuid fs */
3718 * Need to check noexec also: nosuid might not be set, the average
3719 * sysadmin would say that nosuid is irrelevant once he sets noexec.
3721 int on_noexec = 0; /* the fd is on a noexec fs */
3724 * Preferred order: fstatvfs(), fstatfs(), ustat()+getmnt(), getmntent().
3725 * fstatvfs() is UNIX98.
3726 * fstatfs() is 4.3 BSD.
3727 * ustat()+getmnt() is pre-4.3 BSD.
3728 * getmntent() is O(number-of-mounted-filesystems) and can hang on
3729 * an irrelevant filesystem while trying to reach the right one.
3732 #undef FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY /* found the syscalls to do the check? */
3734 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3735 defined(HAS_FSTATVFS)
3736 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3737 struct statvfs stfs;
3739 check_okay = fstatvfs(fd, &stfs) == 0;
3740 on_nosuid = check_okay && (stfs.f_flag & ST_NOSUID);
3742 /* ST_NOEXEC certainly absent on AIX 5.1, and doesn't seem to be documented
3743 on platforms where it is present. */
3744 on_noexec = check_okay && (stfs.f_flag & ST_NOEXEC);
3746 # endif /* fstatvfs */
3748 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3749 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID) && \
3750 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC) && \
3751 defined(HAS_FSTATFS) && \
3752 defined(HAS_STRUCT_STATFS) && \
3753 defined(HAS_STRUCT_STATFS_F_FLAGS)
3754 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3757 check_okay = fstatfs(fd, &stfs) == 0;
3758 on_nosuid = check_okay && (stfs.f_flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID);
3759 on_noexec = check_okay && (stfs.f_flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC);
3760 # endif /* fstatfs */
3762 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3763 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID) && \
3764 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC) && \
3765 defined(HAS_FSTAT) && \
3766 defined(HAS_USTAT) && \
3767 defined(HAS_GETMNT) && \
3768 defined(HAS_STRUCT_FS_DATA) && \
3770 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3773 if (fstat(fd, &fdst) == 0) {
3775 if (ustat(fdst.st_dev, &us) == 0) {
3777 /* NOSTAT_ONE here because we're not examining fields which
3778 * vary between that case and STAT_ONE. */
3779 if (getmnt((int*)0, &fsd, (int)0, NOSTAT_ONE, us.f_fname) == 0) {
3780 size_t cmplen = sizeof(us.f_fname);
3781 if (sizeof(fsd.fd_req.path) < cmplen)
3782 cmplen = sizeof(fsd.fd_req.path);
3783 if (strnEQ(fsd.fd_req.path, us.f_fname, cmplen) &&
3784 fdst.st_dev == fsd.fd_req.dev) {
3786 on_nosuid = fsd.fd_req.flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID;
3787 on_noexec = fsd.fd_req.flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC;
3792 # endif /* fstat+ustat+getmnt */
3794 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3795 defined(HAS_GETMNTENT) && \
3796 defined(HAS_HASMNTOPT) && \
3797 defined(MNTOPT_NOSUID) && \
3798 defined(MNTOPT_NOEXEC)
3799 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3800 FILE *mtab = fopen("/etc/mtab", "r");
3801 struct mntent *entry;
3804 if (mtab && (fstat(fd, &stb) == 0)) {
3805 while (entry = getmntent(mtab)) {
3806 if (stat(entry->mnt_dir, &fsb) == 0
3807 && fsb.st_dev == stb.st_dev)
3809 /* found the filesystem */
3811 if (hasmntopt(entry, MNTOPT_NOSUID))
3813 if (hasmntopt(entry, MNTOPT_NOEXEC))
3816 } /* A single fs may well fail its stat(). */
3821 # endif /* getmntent+hasmntopt */
3824 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't check filesystem of script \"%s\" for nosuid/noexec", PL_origfilename);
3826 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script \"%s\" on nosuid filesystem", PL_origfilename);
3828 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script \"%s\" on noexec filesystem", PL_origfilename);
3829 return ((!check_okay) || on_nosuid || on_noexec);
3831 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3834 S_validate_suid(pTHX_ const char *validarg, const char *scriptname,
3835 int fdscript, int suidscript)
3840 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3842 /* do we need to emulate setuid on scripts? */
3844 /* This code is for those BSD systems that have setuid #! scripts disabled
3845 * in the kernel because of a security problem. Merely defining DOSUID
3846 * in perl will not fix that problem, but if you have disabled setuid
3847 * scripts in the kernel, this will attempt to emulate setuid and setgid
3848 * on scripts that have those now-otherwise-useless bits set. The setuid
3849 * root version must be called suidperl or sperlN.NNN. If regular perl
3850 * discovers that it has opened a setuid script, it calls suidperl with
3851 * the same argv that it had. If suidperl finds that the script it has
3852 * just opened is NOT setuid root, it sets the effective uid back to the
3853 * uid. We don't just make perl setuid root because that loses the
3854 * effective uid we had before invoking perl, if it was different from the
3857 * Description/comments above do not match current workings:
3858 * suidperl must be hardlinked to sperlN.NNN (that is what we exec);
3859 * suidperl called with script open and name changed to /dev/fd/N/X;
3860 * suidperl croaks if script is not setuid;
3861 * making perl setuid would be a huge security risk (and yes, that
3862 * would lose any euid we might have had).
3864 * DOSUID must be defined in both perl and suidperl, and IAMSUID must
3865 * be defined in suidperl only. suidperl must be setuid root. The
3866 * Configure script will set this up for you if you want it.
3872 if (PerlLIO_fstat(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),&PL_statbuf) < 0) /* normal stat is insecure */
3873 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't stat script \"%s\"",PL_origfilename);
3874 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & (S_ISUID|S_ISGID)) {
3876 const char *linestr;
3880 if (fdscript < 0 || suidscript != 1)
3881 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Need (suid) fdscript in suidperl\n"); /* We already checked this */
3883 * Since the script is opened by perl, not suidperl, some of these
3884 * checks are superfluous. Leaving them in probably does not lower
3888 * Do checks even for systems with no HAS_SETREUID.
3889 * We used to swap, then re-swap UIDs with
3891 if (setreuid(PL_euid,PL_uid) < 0
3892 || PerlProc_getuid() != PL_euid || PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_uid)
3893 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't swap uid and euid");
3896 if (setreuid(PL_uid,PL_euid) < 0
3897 || PerlProc_getuid() != PL_uid || PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_euid)
3898 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't reswap uid and euid");
3902 /* On this access check to make sure the directories are readable,
3903 * there is actually a small window that the user could use to make
3904 * filename point to an accessible directory. So there is a faint
3905 * chance that someone could execute a setuid script down in a
3906 * non-accessible directory. I don't know what to do about that.
3907 * But I don't think it's too important. The manual lies when
3908 * it says access() is useful in setuid programs.
3910 * So, access() is pretty useless... but not harmful... do anyway.
3912 if (PerlLIO_access(CopFILE(PL_curcop),1)) { /*double check*/
3913 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't access() script\n");
3916 /* If we can swap euid and uid, then we can determine access rights
3917 * with a simple stat of the file, and then compare device and
3918 * inode to make sure we did stat() on the same file we opened.
3919 * Then we just have to make sure he or she can execute it.
3922 * As the script is opened by perl, not suidperl, we do not need to
3923 * care much about access rights.
3925 * The 'script changed' check is needed, or we can get lied to
3926 * about $0 with e.g.
3927 * suidperl /dev/fd/4//bin/x 4<setuidscript
3928 * Without HAS_SETREUID, is it safe to stat() as root?
3930 * Are there any operating systems that pass /dev/fd/xxx for setuid
3931 * scripts, as suggested/described in perlsec(1)? Surely they do not
3932 * pass the script name as we do, so the "script changed" test would
3933 * fail for them... but we never get here with
3934 * SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW defined.
3936 * This is one place where we must "lie" about return status: not
3937 * say if the stat() failed. We are doing this as root, and could
3938 * be tricked into reporting existence or not of files that the
3939 * "plain" user cannot even see.
3943 if (PerlLIO_stat(CopFILE(PL_curcop),&tmpstatbuf) < 0 ||
3944 tmpstatbuf.st_dev != PL_statbuf.st_dev ||
3945 tmpstatbuf.st_ino != PL_statbuf.st_ino) {
3946 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script changed\n");
3950 if (!cando(S_IXUSR,FALSE,&PL_statbuf)) /* can real uid exec? */
3951 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Real UID cannot exec script\n");
3954 * We used to do this check as the "plain" user (after swapping
3955 * UIDs). But the check for nosuid and noexec filesystem is needed,
3956 * and should be done even without HAS_SETREUID. (Maybe those
3957 * operating systems do not have such mount options anyway...)
3958 * Seems safe enough to do as root.
3960 #if !defined(NO_NOSUID_CHECK)
3961 if (fd_on_nosuid_fs(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp))) {
3962 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script on nosuid or noexec filesystem\n");
3965 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3967 if (!S_ISREG(PL_statbuf.st_mode)) {
3968 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script not plain file\n");
3970 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_IWOTH)
3971 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid/gid script is writable by world");
3972 PL_doswitches = FALSE; /* -s is insecure in suid */
3973 /* PSz 13 Nov 03 But -s was caught elsewhere ... so unsetting it here is useless(?!) */
3974 CopLINE_inc(PL_curcop);
3975 if (sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0) == NULL)
3976 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No #! line");
3977 linestr = SvPV_nolen_const(PL_linestr);
3978 /* required even on Sys V */
3979 if (!*linestr || !linestr[1] || strnNE(linestr,"#!",2))
3980 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No #! line");
3984 /* Sanity check on line length */
3985 s_end = s + strlen(s);
3986 if (s_end == s || (s_end - s) > 4000)
3987 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Very long #! line");
3988 /* Allow more than a single space after #! */
3989 while (isSPACE(*s)) s++;
3990 /* Sanity check on buffer end */
3991 while ((*s) && !isSPACE(*s)) s++;
3992 for (s2 = s; (s2 > linestr &&
3993 (isDIGIT(s2[-1]) || s2[-1] == '.' || s2[-1] == '_'
3994 || s2[-1] == '-')); s2--) ;
3995 /* Sanity check on buffer start */
3996 if ( (s2-4 < linestr || strnNE(s2-4,"perl",4)) &&
3997 (s-9 < linestr || strnNE(s-9,"perl",4)) )
3998 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Not a perl script");
3999 while (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t') s++;
4001 * #! arg must be what we saw above. They can invoke it by
4002 * mentioning suidperl explicitly, but they may not add any strange
4003 * arguments beyond what #! says if they do invoke suidperl that way.
4006 * The way validarg was set up, we rely on the kernel to start
4007 * scripts with argv[1] set to contain all #! line switches (the
4011 * Check that we got all the arguments listed in the #! line (not
4012 * just that there are no extraneous arguments). Might not matter
4013 * much, as switches from #! line seem to be acted upon (also), and
4014 * so may be checked and trapped in perl. But, security checks must
4015 * be done in suidperl and not deferred to perl. Note that suidperl
4016 * does not get around to parsing (and checking) the switches on
4017 * the #! line (but execs perl sooner).
4018 * Allow (require) a trailing newline (which may be of two
4019 * characters on some architectures?) (but no other trailing
4022 len = strlen(validarg);
4023 if (strEQ(validarg," PHOOEY ") ||
4024 strnNE(s,validarg,len) || !isSPACE(s[len]) ||
4025 !((s_end - s) == len+1
4026 || ((s_end - s) == len+2 && isSPACE(s[len+1]))))
4027 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Args must match #! line");
4031 PL_euid != PL_uid && (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID) &&
4032 PL_euid == PL_statbuf.st_uid)
4034 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "YOU HAVEN'T DISABLED SET-ID SCRIPTS IN THE KERNEL YET!\n\
4035 FIX YOUR KERNEL, OR PUT A C WRAPPER AROUND THIS SCRIPT!\n");
4036 #endif /* IAMSUID */
4039 PL_euid) { /* oops, we're not the setuid root perl */
4041 * When root runs a setuid script, we do not go through the same
4042 * steps of execing sperl and then perl with fd scripts, but
4043 * simply set up UIDs within the same perl invocation; so do
4044 * not have the same checks (on options, whatever) that we have
4045 * for plain users. No problem really: would have to be a script
4046 * that does not actually work for plain users; and if root is
4047 * foolish and can be persuaded to run such an unsafe script, he
4048 * might run also non-setuid ones, and deserves what he gets.
4050 * Or, we might drop the PL_euid check above (and rely just on
4051 * fdscript to avoid loops), and do the execs
4057 * Pass fd script to suidperl.
4058 * Exec suidperl, substituting fd script for scriptname.
4059 * Pass script name as "subdir" of fd, which perl will grok;
4060 * in fact will use that to distinguish this from "normal"
4061 * usage, see comments above.
4063 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
4064 PerlLIO_lseek(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),(Off_t)0,0); /* just in case rewind didn't */
4065 /* PSz 27 Feb 04 Sanity checks on scriptname */
4066 if ((!scriptname) || (!*scriptname) ) {
4067 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No setuid script name\n");
4069 if (*scriptname == '-') {
4070 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script name may not begin with dash\n");
4071 /* Or we might confuse it with an option when replacing
4072 * name in argument list, below (though we do pointer, not
4073 * string, comparisons).
4076 for (which = 1; PL_origargv[which] && PL_origargv[which] != scriptname; which++) ;
4077 if (!PL_origargv[which]) {
4078 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't change argv to have fd script\n");
4080 PL_origargv[which] = savepv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "/dev/fd/%d/%s",
4081 PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp), PL_origargv[which]));
4082 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
4083 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,0); /* ensure no close-on-exec */
4086 PerlProc_execv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s/sperl"PERL_FS_VER_FMT, BIN_EXP,
4087 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
4088 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION), PL_origargv);
4090 #endif /* IAMSUID */
4091 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setuid (cannot exec sperl)\n");
4094 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISGID && PL_statbuf.st_gid != PL_egid) {
4096 * This seems back to front: we try HAS_SETEGID first; if not available
4097 * then try HAS_SETREGID; as a last chance we try HAS_SETRESGID. May be OK
4098 * in the sense that we only want to set EGID; but are there any machines
4099 * with either of the latter, but not the former? Same with UID, later.
4102 (void)setegid(PL_statbuf.st_gid);
4105 (void)setregid((Gid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_gid);
4107 #ifdef HAS_SETRESGID
4108 (void)setresgid((Gid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_gid,(Gid_t)-1);
4110 PerlProc_setgid(PL_statbuf.st_gid);
4114 if (PerlProc_getegid() != PL_statbuf.st_gid)
4115 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setegid!\n");
4117 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID) {
4118 if (PL_statbuf.st_uid != PL_euid)
4120 (void)seteuid(PL_statbuf.st_uid); /* all that for this */
4123 (void)setreuid((Uid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_uid);
4125 #ifdef HAS_SETRESUID
4126 (void)setresuid((Uid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_uid,(Uid_t)-1);
4128 PerlProc_setuid(PL_statbuf.st_uid);
4132 if (PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_statbuf.st_uid)
4133 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do seteuid!\n");
4135 else if (PL_uid) { /* oops, mustn't run as root */
4137 (void)seteuid((Uid_t)PL_uid);
4140 (void)setreuid((Uid_t)-1,(Uid_t)PL_uid);
4142 #ifdef HAS_SETRESUID
4143 (void)setresuid((Uid_t)-1,(Uid_t)PL_uid,(Uid_t)-1);
4145 PerlProc_setuid((Uid_t)PL_uid);
4149 if (PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_uid)
4150 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do seteuid!\n");
4153 if (!cando(S_IXUSR,TRUE,&PL_statbuf))
4154 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Effective UID cannot exec script\n"); /* they can't do this */
4157 else if (PL_preprocess) /* PSz 13 Nov 03 Caught elsewhere, useless(?!) here */
4158 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "-P not allowed for setuid/setgid script\n");
4159 else if (fdscript < 0 || suidscript != 1)
4160 /* PSz 13 Nov 03 Caught elsewhere, useless(?!) here */
4161 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "(suid) fdscript needed in suidperl\n");
4163 /* PSz 16 Sep 03 Keep neat error message */
4164 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Script is not setuid/setgid in suidperl\n");
4167 /* We absolutely must clear out any saved ids here, so we */
4168 /* exec the real perl, substituting fd script for scriptname. */
4169 /* (We pass script name as "subdir" of fd, which perl will grok.) */
4171 * It might be thought that using setresgid and/or setresuid (changed to
4172 * set the saved IDs) above might obviate the need to exec, and we could
4173 * go on to "do the perl thing".
4175 * Is there such a thing as "saved GID", and is that set for setuid (but
4176 * not setgid) execution like suidperl? Without exec, it would not be
4177 * cleared for setuid (but not setgid) scripts (or might need a dummy
4180 * We need suidperl to do the exact same argument checking that perl
4181 * does. Thus it cannot be very small; while it could be significantly
4182 * smaller, it is safer (simpler?) to make it essentially the same
4183 * binary as perl (but they are not identical). - Maybe could defer that
4184 * check to the invoked perl, and suidperl be a tiny wrapper instead;
4185 * but prefer to do thorough checks in suidperl itself. Such deferral
4186 * would make suidperl security rely on perl, a design no-no.
4188 * Setuid things should be short and simple, thus easy to understand and
4189 * verify. They should do their "own thing", without influence by
4190 * attackers. It may help if their internal execution flow is fixed,
4191 * regardless of platform: it may be best to exec anyway.
4193 * Suidperl should at least be conceptually simple: a wrapper only,
4194 * never to do any real perl. Maybe we should put
4196 * Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Suidperl should never do real perl\n");
4198 * into the perly bits.
4200 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
4201 PerlLIO_lseek(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),(Off_t)0,0); /* just in case rewind didn't */
4203 * Keep original arguments: suidperl already has fd script.
4205 /* for (which = 1; PL_origargv[which] && PL_origargv[which] != scriptname; which++) ; */
4206 /* if (!PL_origargv[which]) { */
4207 /* errno = EPERM; */
4208 /* Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Permission denied\n"); */
4210 /* PL_origargv[which] = savepv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "/dev/fd/%d/%s", */
4211 /* PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp), PL_origargv[which])); */
4212 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
4213 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,0); /* ensure no close-on-exec */
4216 PerlProc_execv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s/perl"PERL_FS_VER_FMT, BIN_EXP,
4217 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
4218 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION), PL_origargv);/* try again */
4220 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setuid (suidperl cannot exec perl)\n");
4221 #endif /* IAMSUID */
4223 if (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid) { /* (suidperl doesn't exist, in fact) */
4224 #ifndef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
4225 PerlLIO_fstat(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),&PL_statbuf); /* may be either wrapped or real suid */
4226 if ((PL_euid != PL_uid && PL_euid == PL_statbuf.st_uid && PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID)
4228 (PL_egid != PL_gid && PL_egid == PL_statbuf.st_gid && PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISGID)
4231 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "YOU HAVEN'T DISABLED SET-ID SCRIPTS IN THE KERNEL YET!\n\
4232 FIX YOUR KERNEL, PUT A C WRAPPER AROUND THIS SCRIPT, OR USE -u AND UNDUMP!\n");
4233 #endif /* SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW */
4234 /* not set-id, must be wrapped */
4242 S_find_beginning(pTHX)
4246 register const char *s2;
4247 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4251 /* skip forward in input to the real script? */
4253 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4254 /* Since the Mac OS does not honor #! arguments for us, we do it ourselves */
4256 while (PL_doextract || gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
4257 if ((s = sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0)) == NULL) {
4258 if (!gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract)
4259 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No Perl script found in input\n");
4261 if (PL_doextract) /* require explicit override ? */
4262 if (!OverrideExtract(PL_origfilename))
4263 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "User aborted script\n");
4265 PL_doextract = FALSE;
4267 /* Pater peccavi, file does not have #! */
4268 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
4273 while (PL_doextract) {
4274 if ((s = sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0)) == NULL)
4275 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No Perl script found in input\n");
4278 if (*s == '#' && s[1] == '!' && ((s = instr(s,"perl")) || (s = instr(s2,"PERL")))) {
4279 PerlIO_ungetc(PL_rsfp, '\n'); /* to keep line count right */
4280 PL_doextract = FALSE;
4281 while (*s && !(isSPACE (*s) || *s == '#')) s++;
4283 while (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t') s++;
4285 while (isDIGIT(s2[-1]) || s2[-1] == '-' || s2[-1] == '.'
4286 || s2[-1] == '_') s2--;
4287 if (strnEQ(s2-4,"perl",4))
4288 while ((s = moreswitches(s)))
4291 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4292 /* We are always searching for the #!perl line in MacPerl,
4293 * so if we find it, still keep the line count correct
4294 * by counting lines we already skipped over
4296 for (; maclines > 0 ; maclines--)
4297 PerlIO_ungetc(PL_rsfp, '\n');
4301 /* gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract is false in MPW tool */
4302 } else if (gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
4314 PL_uid = PerlProc_getuid();
4315 PL_euid = PerlProc_geteuid();
4316 PL_gid = PerlProc_getgid();
4317 PL_egid = PerlProc_getegid();
4319 PL_uid |= PL_gid << 16;
4320 PL_euid |= PL_egid << 16;
4322 /* Should not happen: */
4323 CHECK_MALLOC_TAINT(PL_uid && (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid));
4324 PL_tainting |= (PL_uid && (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid));
4327 * Should go by suidscript, not uid!=euid: why disallow
4328 * system("ls") in scripts run from setuid things?
4329 * Or, is this run before we check arguments and set suidscript?
4330 * What about SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW: could we use fdscript then?
4331 * (We never have suidscript, can we be sure to have fdscript?)
4332 * Or must then go by UID checks? See comments in forbid_setid also.
4336 /* This is used very early in the lifetime of the program,
4337 * before even the options are parsed, so PL_tainting has
4338 * not been initialized properly. */
4340 Perl_doing_taint(int argc, char *argv[], char *envp[])
4342 #ifndef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
4343 /* If we have PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS we can't call getuid() et alia
4344 * before we have an interpreter-- and the whole point of this
4345 * function is to be called at such an early stage. If you are on
4346 * a system with PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS but you do have a concept of
4347 * "tainted because running with altered effective ids', you'll
4348 * have to add your own checks somewhere in here. The two most
4349 * known samples of 'implicitness' are Win32 and NetWare, neither
4350 * of which has much of concept of 'uids'. */
4351 int uid = PerlProc_getuid();
4352 int euid = PerlProc_geteuid();
4353 int gid = PerlProc_getgid();
4354 int egid = PerlProc_getegid();
4361 if (uid && (euid != uid || egid != gid))
4363 #endif /* !PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS */
4364 /* This is a really primitive check; environment gets ignored only
4365 * if -T are the first chars together; otherwise one gets
4366 * "Too late" message. */
4367 if ( argc > 1 && argv[1][0] == '-'
4368 && (argv[1][1] == 't' || argv[1][1] == 'T') )
4373 /* Passing the flag as a single char rather than a string is a slight space
4374 optimisation. The only message that isn't /^-.$/ is
4375 "program input from stdin", which is substituted in place of '\0', which
4376 could never be a command line flag. */
4378 S_forbid_setid(pTHX_ const char flag, const int suidscript)
4381 char string[3] = "-x";
4382 const char *message = "program input from stdin";
4389 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
4390 if (PL_euid != PL_uid)
4391 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed while running setuid", message);
4392 if (PL_egid != PL_gid)
4393 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed while running setgid", message);
4394 #endif /* SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW */
4396 * Checks for UID/GID above "wrong": why disallow
4397 * perl -e 'print "Hello\n"'
4398 * from within setuid things?? Simply drop them: replaced by
4399 * fdscript/suidscript and #ifdef IAMSUID checks below.
4401 * This may be too late for command-line switches. Will catch those on
4402 * the #! line, after finding the script name and setting up
4403 * fdscript/suidscript. Note that suidperl does not get around to
4404 * parsing (and checking) the switches on the #! line, but checks that
4405 * the two sets are identical.
4407 * With SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW, could we use fdscript, also or
4408 * instead, or would that be "too late"? (We never have suidscript, can
4409 * we be sure to have fdscript?)
4411 * Catch things with suidscript (in descendant of suidperl), even with
4412 * right UID/GID. Was already checked in suidperl, with #ifdef IAMSUID,
4413 * below; but I am paranoid.
4415 * Also see comments about root running a setuid script, elsewhere.
4417 if (suidscript >= 0)
4418 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed with (suid) fdscript", message);
4420 /* PSz 11 Nov 03 Catch it in suidperl, always! */
4421 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed in suidperl", message);
4422 #endif /* IAMSUID */
4426 Perl_init_debugger(pTHX)
4429 HV * const ostash = PL_curstash;
4431 PL_curstash = PL_debstash;
4432 PL_dbargs = GvAV(gv_AVadd((gv_fetchpvs("DB::args", GV_ADDMULTI,
4434 AvREAL_off(PL_dbargs);
4435 PL_DBgv = gv_fetchpvs("DB::DB", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVGV);
4436 PL_DBline = gv_fetchpvs("DB::dbline", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVAV);
4437 PL_DBsub = gv_HVadd(gv_fetchpvs("DB::sub", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
4438 PL_DBsingle = GvSV((gv_fetchpvs("DB::single", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
4439 sv_setiv(PL_DBsingle, 0);
4440 PL_DBtrace = GvSV((gv_fetchpvs("DB::trace", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
4441 sv_setiv(PL_DBtrace, 0);
4442 PL_DBsignal = GvSV((gv_fetchpvs("DB::signal", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
4443 sv_setiv(PL_DBsignal, 0);
4444 PL_DBassertion = GvSV((gv_fetchpvs("DB::assertion", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
4445 sv_setiv(PL_DBassertion, 0);
4446 PL_curstash = ostash;
4449 #ifndef STRESS_REALLOC
4450 #define REASONABLE(size) (size)
4452 #define REASONABLE(size) (1) /* unreasonable */
4456 Perl_init_stacks(pTHX)
4459 /* start with 128-item stack and 8K cxstack */
4460 PL_curstackinfo = new_stackinfo(REASONABLE(128),
4461 REASONABLE(8192/sizeof(PERL_CONTEXT) - 1));
4462 PL_curstackinfo->si_type = PERLSI_MAIN;
4463 PL_curstack = PL_curstackinfo->si_stack;
4464 PL_mainstack = PL_curstack; /* remember in case we switch stacks */
4466 PL_stack_base = AvARRAY(PL_curstack);
4467 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base;
4468 PL_stack_max = PL_stack_base + AvMAX(PL_curstack);
4470 Newx(PL_tmps_stack,REASONABLE(128),SV*);
4473 PL_tmps_max = REASONABLE(128);
4475 Newx(PL_markstack,REASONABLE(32),I32);
4476 PL_markstack_ptr = PL_markstack;
4477 PL_markstack_max = PL_markstack + REASONABLE(32);
4481 Newx(PL_scopestack,REASONABLE(32),I32);
4482 PL_scopestack_ix = 0;
4483 PL_scopestack_max = REASONABLE(32);
4485 Newx(PL_savestack,REASONABLE(128),ANY);
4486 PL_savestack_ix = 0;
4487 PL_savestack_max = REASONABLE(128);
4496 while (PL_curstackinfo->si_next)
4497 PL_curstackinfo = PL_curstackinfo->si_next;
4498 while (PL_curstackinfo) {
4499 PERL_SI *p = PL_curstackinfo->si_prev;
4500 /* curstackinfo->si_stack got nuked by sv_free_arenas() */
4501 Safefree(PL_curstackinfo->si_cxstack);
4502 Safefree(PL_curstackinfo);
4503 PL_curstackinfo = p;
4505 Safefree(PL_tmps_stack);
4506 Safefree(PL_markstack);
4507 Safefree(PL_scopestack);
4508 Safefree(PL_savestack);
4518 lex_start(PL_linestr);
4520 PL_subname = newSVpvs("main");
4524 S_init_predump_symbols(pTHX)
4530 sv_setpvn(get_sv("\"", TRUE), " ", 1);
4531 PL_stdingv = gv_fetchpvs("STDIN", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVIO);
4532 GvMULTI_on(PL_stdingv);
4533 io = GvIOp(PL_stdingv);
4534 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_RDONLY;
4535 IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stdin();
4536 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvs("stdin", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV);
4538 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc(io);
4540 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvs("STDOUT", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVIO);
4543 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_WRONLY;
4544 IoOFP(io) = IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stdout();
4546 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvs("stdout", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV);
4548 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc(io);
4550 PL_stderrgv = gv_fetchpvs("STDERR", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVIO);
4551 GvMULTI_on(PL_stderrgv);
4552 io = GvIOp(PL_stderrgv);
4553 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_WRONLY;
4554 IoOFP(io) = IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stderr();
4555 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvs("stderr", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV);
4557 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc(io);
4559 PL_statname = newSV(0); /* last filename we did stat on */
4561 Safefree(PL_osname);
4562 PL_osname = savepv(OSNAME);
4566 Perl_init_argv_symbols(pTHX_ register int argc, register char **argv)
4569 argc--,argv++; /* skip name of script */
4570 if (PL_doswitches) {
4571 for (; argc > 0 && **argv == '-'; argc--,argv++) {
4575 if (argv[0][1] == '-' && !argv[0][2]) {
4579 if ((s = strchr(argv[0], '='))) {
4580 const char *const start_name = argv[0] + 1;
4581 sv_setpv(GvSV(gv_fetchpvn_flags(start_name, s - start_name,
4582 TRUE, SVt_PV)), s + 1);
4585 sv_setiv(GvSV(gv_fetchpv(argv[0]+1, GV_ADD, SVt_PV)),1);
4588 if ((PL_argvgv = gv_fetchpvs("ARGV", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVAV))) {
4589 GvMULTI_on(PL_argvgv);
4590 (void)gv_AVadd(PL_argvgv);
4591 av_clear(GvAVn(PL_argvgv));
4592 for (; argc > 0; argc--,argv++) {
4593 SV * const sv = newSVpv(argv[0],0);
4594 av_push(GvAVn(PL_argvgv),sv);
4595 if (!(PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_LOCALE_FLAG) || PL_utf8locale) {
4596 if (PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_ARGV_FLAG)
4599 if (PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_WIDESYSCALLS_FLAG) /* Sarathy? */
4600 (void)sv_utf8_decode(sv);
4606 S_init_postdump_symbols(pTHX_ register int argc, register char **argv, register char **env)
4611 PL_toptarget = newSV(0);
4612 sv_upgrade(PL_toptarget, SVt_PVFM);
4613 sv_setpvn(PL_toptarget, "", 0);
4614 PL_bodytarget = newSV(0);
4615 sv_upgrade(PL_bodytarget, SVt_PVFM);
4616 sv_setpvn(PL_bodytarget, "", 0);
4617 PL_formtarget = PL_bodytarget;
4621 init_argv_symbols(argc,argv);
4623 if ((tmpgv = gv_fetchpvs("0", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV))) {
4624 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4625 /* $0 is not majick on a Mac */
4626 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv),MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
4628 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv),PL_origfilename);
4629 magicname("0", "0", 1);
4632 if ((PL_envgv = gv_fetchpvs("ENV", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVHV))) {
4634 GvMULTI_on(PL_envgv);
4635 hv = GvHVn(PL_envgv);
4636 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_env);
4638 #ifdef USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY
4639 /* Note that if the supplied env parameter is actually a copy
4640 of the global environ then it may now point to free'd memory
4641 if the environment has been modified since. To avoid this
4642 problem we treat env==NULL as meaning 'use the default'
4647 # ifdef USE_ITHREADS
4648 && PL_curinterp == aTHX
4655 char** origenv = environ;
4658 for (; *env; env++) {
4659 if (!(s = strchr(*env,'=')) || s == *env)
4661 #if defined(MSDOS) && !defined(DJGPP)
4666 sv = newSVpv(s+1, 0);
4667 (void)hv_store(hv, *env, s - *env, sv, 0);
4670 if (origenv != environ) {
4671 /* realloc has shifted us */
4672 env = (env - origenv) + environ;
4677 #endif /* USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY */
4678 #endif /* !PERL_MICRO */
4681 if ((tmpgv = gv_fetchpvs("$", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV))) {
4682 SvREADONLY_off(GvSV(tmpgv));
4683 sv_setiv(GvSV(tmpgv), (IV)PerlProc_getpid());
4684 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(tmpgv));
4686 #ifdef THREADS_HAVE_PIDS
4687 PL_ppid = (IV)getppid();
4690 /* touch @F array to prevent spurious warnings 20020415 MJD */
4692 (void) get_av("main::F", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4694 /* touch @- and @+ arrays to prevent spurious warnings 20020415 MJD */
4695 (void) get_av("main::-", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4696 (void) get_av("main::+", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4700 S_init_perllib(pTHX)
4706 s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL5LIB");
4708 * It isn't possible to delete an environment variable with
4709 * PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV set unless unsetenv() is also available, so in that
4710 * case we treat PERL5LIB as undefined if it has a zero-length value.
4712 #if defined(PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV) && ! defined(HAS_UNSETENV)
4713 if (s && *s != '\0')
4717 incpush(s, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE);
4719 incpush(PerlEnv_getenv("PERLLIB"), FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4721 /* Treat PERL5?LIB as a possible search list logical name -- the
4722 * "natural" VMS idiom for a Unix path string. We allow each
4723 * element to be a set of |-separated directories for compatibility.
4727 if (my_trnlnm("PERL5LIB",buf,0))
4728 do { incpush(buf,TRUE,TRUE,TRUE,FALSE); } while (my_trnlnm("PERL5LIB",buf,++idx));
4730 while (my_trnlnm("PERLLIB",buf,idx++)) incpush(buf,FALSE,FALSE,TRUE,FALSE);
4734 /* Use the ~-expanded versions of APPLLIB (undocumented),
4735 ARCHLIB PRIVLIB SITEARCH SITELIB VENDORARCH and VENDORLIB
4738 incpush(APPLLIB_EXP, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4742 incpush(ARCHLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4744 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4747 SV * privdir = newSV(0);
4748 char * macperl = PerlEnv_getenv("MACPERL");
4753 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ privdir, "%slib:", macperl);
4754 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(privdir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 && S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode))
4755 incpush(SvPVX(privdir), TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4756 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ privdir, "%ssite_perl:", macperl);
4757 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(privdir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 && S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode))
4758 incpush(SvPVX(privdir), TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4760 SvREFCNT_dec(privdir);
4763 incpush(":", FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4766 # define PRIVLIB_EXP "/usr/local/lib/perl5:/usr/local/lib/perl"
4769 incpush(PRIVLIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4771 incpush(PRIVLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4775 /* sitearch is always relative to sitelib on Windows for
4776 * DLL-based path intuition to work correctly */
4777 # if !defined(WIN32)
4778 incpush(SITEARCH_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4784 /* this picks up sitearch as well */
4785 incpush(SITELIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4787 incpush(SITELIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4791 #ifdef SITELIB_STEM /* Search for version-specific dirs below here */
4792 incpush(SITELIB_STEM, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4795 #ifdef PERL_VENDORARCH_EXP
4796 /* vendorarch is always relative to vendorlib on Windows for
4797 * DLL-based path intuition to work correctly */
4798 # if !defined(WIN32)
4799 incpush(PERL_VENDORARCH_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4803 #ifdef PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP
4805 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE); /* this picks up vendorarch as well */
4807 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4811 #ifdef PERL_VENDORLIB_STEM /* Search for version-specific dirs below here */
4812 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_STEM, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4815 #ifdef PERL_OTHERLIBDIRS
4816 incpush(PERL_OTHERLIBDIRS, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4820 incpush(".", FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4821 #endif /* MACOS_TRADITIONAL */
4824 #if defined(DOSISH) || defined(EPOC) || defined(__SYMBIAN32__)
4825 # define PERLLIB_SEP ';'
4828 # define PERLLIB_SEP '|'
4830 # if defined(MACOS_TRADITIONAL)
4831 # define PERLLIB_SEP ','
4833 # define PERLLIB_SEP ':'
4837 #ifndef PERLLIB_MANGLE
4838 # define PERLLIB_MANGLE(s,n) (s)
4841 /* Push a directory onto @INC if it exists.
4842 Generate a new SV if we do this, to save needing to copy the SV we push
4845 S_incpush_if_exists(pTHX_ SV *dir)
4849 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX_const(dir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 &&
4850 S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode)) {
4851 av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), dir);
4858 S_incpush(pTHX_ const char *dir, bool addsubdirs, bool addoldvers, bool usesep,
4863 const char *p = dir;
4868 if (addsubdirs || addoldvers) {
4872 /* Break at all separators */
4874 SV *libdir = newSV(0);
4877 /* skip any consecutive separators */
4879 while ( *p == PERLLIB_SEP ) {
4880 /* Uncomment the next line for PATH semantics */
4881 /* av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), newSVpvs(".")); */
4886 if ( usesep && (s = strchr(p, PERLLIB_SEP)) != NULL ) {
4887 sv_setpvn(libdir, PERLLIB_MANGLE(p, (STRLEN)(s - p)),
4892 sv_setpv(libdir, PERLLIB_MANGLE(p, 0));
4893 p = NULL; /* break out */
4895 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4896 if (!strchr(SvPVX(libdir), ':')) {
4899 sv_setpv(libdir, MacPerl_CanonDir(SvPVX(libdir), buf, 0));
4901 if (SvPVX(libdir)[SvCUR(libdir)-1] != ':')
4902 sv_catpvs(libdir, ":");
4905 /* Do the if() outside the #ifdef to avoid warnings about an unused
4908 #ifdef PERL_RELOCATABLE_INC
4910 * Relocatable include entries are marked with a leading .../
4913 * 0: Remove that leading ".../"
4914 * 1: Remove trailing executable name (anything after the last '/')
4915 * from the perl path to give a perl prefix
4917 * While the @INC element starts "../" and the prefix ends with a real
4918 * directory (ie not . or ..) chop that real directory off the prefix
4919 * and the leading "../" from the @INC element. ie a logical "../"
4921 * Finally concatenate the prefix and the remainder of the @INC element
4922 * The intent is that /usr/local/bin/perl and .../../lib/perl5
4923 * generates /usr/local/lib/perl5
4925 const char *libpath = SvPVX(libdir);
4926 STRLEN libpath_len = SvCUR(libdir);
4927 if (libpath_len >= 4 && memEQ (libpath, ".../", 4)) {
4929 SV * const caret_X = get_sv("\030", 0);
4930 /* Going to use the SV just as a scratch buffer holding a C
4936 /* $^X is *the* source of taint if tainting is on, hence
4937 SvPOK() won't be true. */
4939 assert(SvPOKp(caret_X));
4940 prefix_sv = newSVpvn(SvPVX(caret_X), SvCUR(caret_X));
4941 /* Firstly take off the leading .../
4942 If all else fail we'll do the paths relative to the current
4944 sv_chop(libdir, libpath + 4);
4945 /* Don't use SvPV as we're intentionally bypassing taining,
4946 mortal copies that the mg_get of tainting creates, and
4947 corruption that seems to come via the save stack.
4948 I guess that the save stack isn't correctly set up yet. */
4949 libpath = SvPVX(libdir);
4950 libpath_len = SvCUR(libdir);
4952 /* This would work more efficiently with memrchr, but as it's
4953 only a GNU extension we'd need to probe for it and
4954 implement our own. Not hard, but maybe not worth it? */
4956 prefix = SvPVX(prefix_sv);
4957 lastslash = strrchr(prefix, '/');
4959 /* First time in with the *lastslash = '\0' we just wipe off
4960 the trailing /perl from (say) /usr/foo/bin/perl
4964 while ((*lastslash = '\0'), /* Do that, come what may. */
4965 (libpath_len >= 3 && memEQ(libpath, "../", 3)
4966 && (lastslash = strrchr(prefix, '/')))) {
4967 if (lastslash[1] == '\0'
4968 || (lastslash[1] == '.'
4969 && (lastslash[2] == '/' /* ends "/." */
4970 || (lastslash[2] == '/'
4971 && lastslash[3] == '/' /* or "/.." */
4973 /* Prefix ends "/" or "/." or "/..", any of which
4974 are fishy, so don't do any more logical cleanup.
4978 /* Remove leading "../" from path */
4981 /* Next iteration round the loop removes the last
4982 directory name from prefix by writing a '\0' in
4983 the while clause. */
4985 /* prefix has been terminated with a '\0' to the correct
4986 length. libpath points somewhere into the libdir SV.
4987 We need to join the 2 with '/' and drop the result into
4989 tempsv = Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "%s/%s", prefix, libpath);
4990 SvREFCNT_dec(libdir);
4991 /* And this is the new libdir. */
4994 (PL_uid != PL_euid || PL_gid != PL_egid)) {
4995 /* Need to taint reloccated paths if running set ID */
4996 SvTAINTED_on(libdir);
4999 SvREFCNT_dec(prefix_sv);
5004 * BEFORE pushing libdir onto @INC we may first push version- and
5005 * archname-specific sub-directories.
5007 if (addsubdirs || addoldvers) {
5008 #ifdef PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST
5009 /* Configure terminates PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST with a NULL */
5010 const char * const incverlist[] = { PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST };
5011 const char * const *incver;
5017 if ((unix = tounixspec_ts(SvPV(libdir,len),NULL)) != NULL) {
5019 while (unix[len-1] == '/') len--; /* Cosmetic */
5020 sv_usepvn(libdir,unix,len);
5023 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log,
5024 "Failed to unixify @INC element \"%s\"\n",
5028 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
5029 #define PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT ""
5030 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT "%s:"
5031 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_FS_VER_FMT PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT
5033 #define PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT "/"
5034 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT "/%s"
5035 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT PERL_FS_VER_FMT
5037 /* .../version/archname if -d .../version/archname */
5038 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_ARCH_FMT,
5040 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
5041 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION, ARCHNAME);
5042 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
5044 /* .../version if -d .../version */
5045 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH, libdir,
5046 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
5047 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION);
5048 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
5050 /* .../archname if -d .../archname */
5051 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT, libdir, ARCHNAME);
5052 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
5056 #ifdef PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST
5058 for (incver = incverlist; *incver; incver++) {
5059 /* .../xxx if -d .../xxx */
5060 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT, libdir, *incver);
5061 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
5067 /* finally push this lib directory on the end of @INC */
5068 av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), libdir);
5071 assert (SvREFCNT(subdir) == 1);
5072 SvREFCNT_dec(subdir);
5076 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
5077 STATIC struct perl_thread *
5078 S_init_main_thread(pTHX)
5080 #if !defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
5081 struct perl_thread *thr;
5085 Newxz(thr, 1, struct perl_thread);
5086 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
5087 thr->interp = PERL_GET_INTERP;
5088 thr->cvcache = newHV();
5089 thr->threadsv = newAV();
5090 /* thr->threadsvp is set when find_threadsv is called */
5091 thr->specific = newAV();
5092 thr->flags = THRf_R_JOINABLE;
5093 MUTEX_INIT(&thr->mutex);
5094 /* Handcraft thrsv similarly to mess_sv */
5095 Newx(PL_thrsv, 1, SV);
5097 SvFLAGS(PL_thrsv) = SVt_PV;
5098 SvANY(PL_thrsv) = (void*)xpv;
5099 SvREFCNT(PL_thrsv) = 1 << 30; /* practically infinite */
5100 SvPV_set(PL_thrsvr, (char*)thr);
5101 SvCUR_set(PL_thrsv, sizeof(thr));
5102 SvLEN_set(PL_thrsv, sizeof(thr));
5103 *SvEND(PL_thrsv) = '\0'; /* in the trailing_nul field */
5104 thr->oursv = PL_thrsv;
5105 PL_chopset = " \n-";
5108 MUTEX_LOCK(&PL_threads_mutex);
5114 MUTEX_UNLOCK(&PL_threads_mutex);
5116 #ifdef HAVE_THREAD_INTERN
5117 Perl_init_thread_intern(thr);
5120 #ifdef SET_THREAD_SELF
5121 SET_THREAD_SELF(thr);
5123 thr->self = pthread_self();
5124 #endif /* SET_THREAD_SELF */
5128 * These must come after the thread self setting
5129 * because sv_setpvn does SvTAINT and the taint
5130 * fields thread selfness being set.
5132 PL_toptarget = newSV(0);
5133 sv_upgrade(PL_toptarget, SVt_PVFM);
5134 sv_setpvn(PL_toptarget, "", 0);
5135 PL_bodytarget = newSV(0);
5136 sv_upgrade(PL_bodytarget, SVt_PVFM);
5137 sv_setpvn(PL_bodytarget, "", 0);
5138 PL_formtarget = PL_bodytarget;
5139 thr->errsv = newSVpvs("");
5140 (void) find_threadsv("@"); /* Ensure $@ is initialised early */
5143 PL_peepp = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_peep);
5144 PL_regcompp = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_pregcomp);
5145 PL_regexecp = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_regexec_flags);
5146 PL_regint_start = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_re_intuit_start);
5147 PL_regint_string = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_re_intuit_string);
5148 PL_regfree = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_pregfree);
5150 PL_reginterp_cnt = 0;
5154 #endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
5157 Perl_call_list(pTHX_ I32 oldscope, AV *paramList)
5161 const line_t oldline = CopLINE(PL_curcop);
5167 while (av_len(paramList) >= 0) {
5168 cv = (CV*)av_shift(paramList);
5170 if (paramList == PL_beginav) {
5171 /* save PL_beginav for compiler */
5172 if (! PL_beginav_save)
5173 PL_beginav_save = newAV();
5174 av_push(PL_beginav_save, (SV*)cv);
5176 else if (paramList == PL_checkav) {
5177 /* save PL_checkav for compiler */
5178 if (! PL_checkav_save)
5179 PL_checkav_save = newAV();
5180 av_push(PL_checkav_save, (SV*)cv);
5190 (void)SvPV_const(atsv, len);
5192 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
5193 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
5194 if (paramList == PL_beginav)
5195 sv_catpvs(atsv, "BEGIN failed--compilation aborted");
5197 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ atsv,
5198 "%s failed--call queue aborted",
5199 paramList == PL_checkav ? "CHECK"
5200 : paramList == PL_initav ? "INIT"
5202 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
5205 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%"SVf"", atsv);
5212 /* my_exit() was called */
5213 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
5216 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
5217 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
5218 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
5220 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED)) {
5221 if (paramList == PL_beginav)
5222 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "BEGIN failed--compilation aborted");
5224 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s failed--call queue aborted",
5225 paramList == PL_checkav ? "CHECK"
5226 : paramList == PL_initav ? "INIT"
5233 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
5234 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
5237 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: restartop\n");
5246 S_call_list_body(pTHX_ CV *cv)
5249 PUSHMARK(PL_stack_sp);
5250 call_sv((SV*)cv, G_EVAL|G_DISCARD);
5255 Perl_my_exit(pTHX_ U32 status)
5258 DEBUG_S(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "my_exit: thread %p, status %lu\n",
5259 thr, (unsigned long) status));
5268 STATUS_EXIT_SET(status);
5275 Perl_my_failure_exit(pTHX)
5279 /* We have been called to fall on our sword. The desired exit code
5280 * should be already set in STATUS_UNIX, but could be shifted over
5281 * by 8 bits. STATUS_UNIX_EXIT_SET will handle the cases where a
5284 * If an error code has not been set, then force the issue.
5286 if (MY_POSIX_EXIT) {
5288 /* In POSIX_EXIT mode follow Perl documentations and use 255 for
5289 * the exit code when there isn't an error.
5292 if (STATUS_UNIX == 0)
5293 STATUS_UNIX_EXIT_SET(255);
5295 STATUS_UNIX_EXIT_SET(STATUS_UNIX);
5297 /* The exit code could have been set by $? or vmsish which
5298 * means that it may not be fatal. So convert
5299 * success/warning codes to fatal.
5301 if ((STATUS_NATIVE & (STS$K_SEVERE|STS$K_ERROR)) == 0)
5302 STATUS_UNIX_EXIT_SET(255);
5306 /* Traditionally Perl on VMS always expects a Fatal Error. */
5307 if (vaxc$errno & 1) {
5309 /* So force success status to failure */
5310 if (STATUS_NATIVE & 1)
5315 STATUS_UNIX = EINTR; /* In case something cares */
5320 STATUS_NATIVE = vaxc$errno; /* Should already be this */
5322 /* Encode the severity code */
5323 severity = STATUS_NATIVE & STS$M_SEVERITY;
5324 STATUS_UNIX = (severity ? severity : 1) << 8;
5326 /* Perl expects this to be a fatal error */
5327 if (severity != STS$K_SEVERE)
5336 STATUS_UNIX_SET(errno);
5338 exitstatus = STATUS_UNIX >> 8;
5339 if (exitstatus & 255)
5340 STATUS_UNIX_SET(exitstatus);
5342 STATUS_UNIX_SET(255);
5349 S_my_exit_jump(pTHX)
5352 register PERL_CONTEXT *cx;
5357 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
5361 POPSTACK_TO(PL_mainstack);
5362 if (cxstack_ix >= 0) {
5365 POPBLOCK(cx,PL_curpm);
5370 PERL_UNUSED_VAR(gimme);
5371 PERL_UNUSED_VAR(newsp);
5375 read_e_script(pTHX_ int idx, SV *buf_sv, int maxlen)
5378 const char * const p = SvPVX_const(PL_e_script);
5379 const char *nl = strchr(p, '\n');
5381 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(idx);
5382 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(maxlen);
5384 nl = (nl) ? nl+1 : SvEND(PL_e_script);
5386 filter_del(read_e_script);
5389 sv_catpvn(buf_sv, p, nl-p);
5390 sv_chop(PL_e_script, nl);
5396 * c-indentation-style: bsd
5398 * indent-tabs-mode: t
5401 * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 noet: